&f;a:;;>;;l';'^,y;;;;:::|iv;;;::;r: ;!<:;■,(■; i .;.'X'^^- /.;■'.'' - ■■ ;:,ry.' ^■^^'^' ''y ■■■:/..' 'J " c ;;,' iM^- ',;J !>■;■-■■'. ' ;■ i'. '■'' •'. 'i^'" Class _ Book__ COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT I' Men of Progress ONE THOUSAND Biographical Sketches and Portraits OF i Leaders in Business and Professional Life IN THE J CommontDcaltl) of ^ajsjsacliujscttjsi COMPILED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF RICHARD IIERNDON EDITED BY^ EDWIN M.'^'bACON BOSTON NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE 1896 ■ A» Copyright, 1893 BV RICHARD HERNDON PRESS OF CEO. H ELIIS, 141 FRANKLIN STI REET, BOSTON. P MEN OF PROGRESS. PART I. ABBOTT, Samuel Appletox Browne, presi- dent of the Trustees of the PubHc Library of the City of Boston, was born in Lowell, March 6, 1846, son of Josiah Gardner and Caroline (Liver- more) Abbott. On both sides he is of early New S. A. B. ABBOTT. England ancestry. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of George Abbott, an English Puritan, who came from Yorkshire in 1640, and was one of the settlers of Andover in 1643; and, through his paternal grandmother, of the Fletchers, also English Puritans, who came from Devonshire and settled in Concord, and in 1653 in Chelmsford. Both of his paternal great-grand- fathers were in the battle of Bunker Hill, and held commissions in the Continental army. On the maternal side he descends from John Liver- more, who came from England in 1634, settled first in Watertown, thirty years later removed to Connecticut, and was one of the signers of the fundamental agreement of the colony of New Haven, and, returning to Watertown, died there in 1685. His maternal great-grandfather, Samuel Livermore, was attorney-general for the province of New Hampshire, after the Revolution chief justice of the State (appointed in 1782), a mem- ber of the convocation for the adoption of the Federal Constitution, a representative in the first Congress, and later a senator and president of the Senate pro tan. for nine years ; and his maternal grandfather, Edward St. Loe Liver- more, was United States district attorney (ap- pointed by Washington), a justice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire (appointed in 1798), and a member of Congress for three terms. His father. Judge Josiah G. Abbott, one of the foremost members of the Massachusetts bar, served in the General Court, was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1853, justice of the Superior Court for the county of Suffolk from 1S55 to 1858, when he resigned (and two years later declined a place on the bench of the Su- preme Judicial Court), a representative in Con- gress in 1876-77, and a member of the Electoral Commission of 1877, the leader of the minority of that commission, preparing the address of the minority to the people of the LTnited States, which, though approved, was not issued. Samuel A. B. Abbott was educated in the public schools and at Harvard. His early education was ac- quired in the Lowell public schools and in the Boston Latin School ; and he was fitted for col- lege by Professor Lane, of Harvard. He entered Harvard as a sophomore, and graduated in 1866, in 1869 receiving the degree of A.M. In college he was president of the Hasty Pudding Club and of the Med. Fac, also a member of the Porcellian Club, the D. K. E. and the A. D. clubs; and he rowed in the university crews in 1864. After graduating he studied law in the lO MEN OF PROGRESS. office of his father, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1868. Subsequently, in 1876, he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He has practised in Boston since his admission to the bar, and also in the United States courts, circuit, district, and su- preme. He has twice conducted successfully con- tested election cases before Congress, — that of Josiah G. Abbott in 1867 and that of Benjamin Dean against the present Chief Justice Field in 1878. He is president of the Hill Manufacturing Company of Lewiston, Me., succeeding his father in that position, and a director of the Atlantic Cotton Mills at Lawrence, of the Franklin Com- pany of Lewiston, of the Union Water Power Ctjmpany of Lewiston, of which his father was the principal promoter, and of the Peterborough Railroad. His public service, with the exception of a term on the Board of License Commissioners in Boston in 1877, has been as a trustee of the Boston Public Library, which position he has held since 1879, president of the board since May, 1888. For several years he was acting librarian of the library. He is identified with the construction and embellishment of the new Public Library Building on Copley Square, the whole control of the erection of this monumental edifice having been placed, at the beginning of the work in 1887, in the hands of the trustees. In politics Mr. Abbott is a Democrat. In 1883, when Gen- eral Butler was nominated by the Democratic party the second time for governor of the State, he was nominated for lieutenant governor ; but he declined to run on the same ticket with Butler. In 1862 he was a member of the New England Guards. He is a member of the Suffolk Bar Association, of the Somerset, St. Botolph, and Athletic clubs of Boston, and of the Century, University, and Players' clubs of New York. He was married first, April 21, 1869, to Miss Mary Goddard, of Boston, of which union there were no children; and second, October 15, 1873, to Miss Abby Frances Woods, of Providence. R.I. They have four children : Helen Francis, Mad- eleine Livermore, Ann Francis and Caroline Livermore Abbott. Mr. Abbott's country resi- dence is at Wellesley Hills, and his town house on the Back Bay, Boston. boys, under the long familiar iiom df pliimt of " Oliver Optic," is a native of Medway, born July 30, 1822, son of Laban and Catharine (Johnson) Adams. His father was also a native of Medway ; and his mother was a Vermonter, born in Chester. His pedigree is traced back to Thomas Ap Adam, who came out of " The Marches of Wales " in the eighth century : from him descended Henry ADAMS, William T.avlor, author and editor, the most prolific writer of the age of stories for W. T. ADAMS. Adams, who, escaping from the "Green Dragon Persecution," came from Devonshire, England, to this country in 1630, with several sons, from one of whom, settled in that part of Braintree now Quincy, came the two Presidents, Samuel Adams, and other worthies, and from another, settled in Medfield (part of which became Med- way), came Laban, " Oliver Optic's " father. Laban Adams was first a farmer, then an inn- keeper, and again a farmer. He was some time landlord of the " \'illage Hotel " in Medway and of the "Washington Coffee House" in Boston, near where the Transcript newspaper office now stands, and the year of the birth of William T. he kept the famous old '• Lamb Tavern '' of Bos- ton, dating from 1745, which stood on the site of the present Adams House. Here the boy lived until well into his teens, helping his father about the tavern and attending school, part of the MEN OF PROGRESS. I I time the Adams Grammar School,-- tlie school- house then on Mason Street, where the lioston School Board's building now is, — and later the private school of Amos Baker, at the head of Har- vard Place, famous in its da)-. In 183S the elder Adams leased the " Lamb," which he had pur- chased about the year 1834, and moved his fam- ily to a farm in West Roxbury. \^■illialn '['. went to work on the farm and to public school in the winter, applying himself to both occupations with such enthusiasm and zeal that he soon became an e.xcellent farmer and a fine scholar. In school he led his class in various studies, but especially excelled in composition. His first effort covered eight letter pages, and the schoolmaster pro- nounced it the best composition he had ever looked over ; the second covered twenty-five pages ; the third, eighty. He frequently sat up all night in his room, when his parents supposed he was a-bed, with his overcoat and gloves on, writing compositions. In this same school, when he was about eighteen years of age, he was made an assistant teacher, without pay. Subsequently he continued his studies under a private in- structor till he reached twenty. Then he taught a month as a substitute in the school in Dorches- ter now known as the Harris Grammar School, and the following year, 1843, was appointed prin- cipal of the school. In this capacity he served for three years with marked success, the commit- tee in its report commending his school as " one of the best, if not the very best, at present in town." From school-teaching, after a somewhat extensive trip in Northern and Southern States, he re-entered the hotel business, Joining his father, under the firm name of L. & W. T. Adams, in the conduct of the first Adams House, which I^aban Adams had built in 1844-46 in place of the old Lamb Tavern. But as a hotel-keeper he was not successful, and two years later found him again a school-teacher, — usher in the Boylston Gram- mar School, Fort Hill, Boston. Subsequently he became submaster and in i860 master of this school. Then he was transferred to the Bowditch School for Girls, and continued at its head till 1865, when he resigned, at the urgent request of Messrs. Lee &: Shepard, his publishers, to devote his time entirely to story-writing. Mr. Adams published his first article at nineteen, — an extract from one of his school compositions, printed in the Social Monitor; and before he retired from school-teaching he had written and published over eight hundred stories, varying in length from one newspaper column to a serial of seventy col- umns. His first story, a temperance tale, was written while he was a teacher in Dorchester, and quickly followed by a second, both of which ap- peared in the \Vashiii«;toniiui in 1845. His first "pay-matter" was a story entitled "The Marriage Contract," written in six hours, and published in the True Flag in 1852, for which he received $6. His first book was a story called " Hatchie, the Guardian Slave," its scenes laid in New Orleans and on the Mississippi from notes taken during a trip South in 1848, published in 1854, for which he was paid $37.50; and the first of his series of books for boys was written in 1854, when he was teaching in the Fort Hill school. His earlier stories, most of which were published in the True Flag, appeared over a variety of signatures, — "Irving Brown," appended to the love stories, "Clingman Hunter, M.D.," to sketches of travel, " Oliver Optic " to domestic stories, and " Old Stager," "A Retired Attorney." "Man of the World," and others used indiscriminately, never using his real name. The nom dc pliiDtc of "Oliver Optic" first appeared in 185 1 with an M.D. and "Member of the Mutual .Admiration Society" attached, signed to a doggerel poem which he wrote for the Bromfield Lyceum, and subsequently published in the Flag of Our Union. It was suggested by a character under the name of "Dr. Optic," in a new play, "written by a gentleman of Boston," then running at the Boston Museum, which took Mr. Adams's fancy. He added to it the alliterative prefix of "Oliver," and appended it to his short domestic stories, which were produced with great rapidity, and were copied by story papers all over the country. It soon became too popular to drop. The " Oliver Optic " juvenile works, from which Mr. Adams's wide reputation has come, were indirectly the result of the success of his first book, " Hatchie." In 1852 F. Ormond O. J. Bazin, who had been a clerk in the bookstore of B. B. Muzzy & Co., the publishers of " Hatchie," having become a member of the firm of Brown, Bazin & Co., sent a mutual friend to him to say that the writer of that book could furnish the book with which the new firm would be willing to begin business. He suggested a collection of his "Optic" domestic stories, with a few new ones added ; and, this being accepted, in due time " In Doors and Out " appeared, and was a success. Then the firm 12 MEN OP' PROGRESS. called for a juvenile Ixxik. Mr. Adams at first declared that he could not produce it, hn\ing never attempted such work ; but he finally yielded to the pressure of the publishers, and "The Boat Club " was the result. The first half of the story went to the type-setters before the last half had been begun by the author, but -copy" was fur- nished as rapidly as it was required. The book was an emphatic success. The next year " All Abroad," the sequel to it, appeared ; and others followed in rapid succession. Frequently Mr. Adams had several series under way at the same time; and during the ten years following the publication of his first juvenile, when he was engaged in his regular duties as a school-teacher and doing his share as a public-spirited citizen, he produced from two to six volumes a year. From the firm of Brown, Bazin & Co., which was not successful, Mr. .\dams's books passed to the house of Phillips, Sampson & Co.; and soon after the foundation of the house of Lee & .Shepard, in 1S62, the latter became his publishers, its first publishing investment being the purchase of the stereotype plates of the " Boat Club " stories (six volumes of them) and the " Riverdale " series, which it reissued in new editions. From that time to the present Lee & Shepard have been the sole publishers of Mr. Adams's volumes. They were also the projectors of OUtci- Optic's Magazine, Our Boys and Girls, started in 1867, and continued for nine years under the editorial supervision of Mr. Adams, — his second experi- ence as an editor, having previously, for nearly ten years, had charge of the Student and Sclund- matc. In 1880 he became editor of Oar Little Ones, that year started, now Our Little Ones and the Nursery : and since the establishment of the JVkole Family, in 1893, he has been juvenile editor of that periodical. Including the bound volumes of the magazines which he has edited, the name of "Oliver Optic" now stands (1894) on the title-pages of one hundred and twenty-five books, and more are under way. The list em- braces the following : 1852, Hatchie and In Doors and Out, domestic stories for adult readers; 1855- 60, The Boat Club Stories, 6 vols.; 1854-66, Student and ScJuwl mate (magazine), 9 vols.; i86o. The Riverdale Stories, 12 vols.; 1865, A Spell- ing-book for Advanced Classes; 1863-66, The Woodville Stories, 6 vols.; 1864-66, The Army and Navy Stories, 6 vols. ; 1866, The Way of the World, a novel for adults; 1866-69, Young America Abroad, first series, 6 vols.; 1867-75, Oliver Optic's Magazine, 9 vols.; 1867-68, The Starry Flag Series, 6 vols.; 1869, Our Standard Bearer, i vol. ; 1869-70, The Lake Shore Series, 6 vols.; 1870-72, The Onward and Upward Series, 6 vols.; 1871-77, Young America Abroad, second series, 6 vols.; 1872-75, The Yacht Club Series, 6 vols.; 1875-81, The Great Western Series, 6 vols. ; 1876, Living Too Fast (for adult readers), i vol.; 1877, History of Union Lodge, Dorchester, i vol.; 1880-92, Our Utile Ones, 13 vols.; 1882-85, The Boat Builder Series, 6 vols.; 1889-93, The Blue and Gray Series, Navy; new series. The Blue and Gray, Army, begun 1893, 2 vols, written, but not published ; The All-over- the-World Series, 8 vols., 2 not yet published. For all of his books Mr. Adams's preparation has been most thorough. The voyage of the " Young America " in the " Young America Abroad " series, for instance, was properly drawn out in red ink on the chart of the North .\tlantic before the writing of the story was begun ; and, to insure accuracy of description in the twelve books of this series, he made two trips to Europe, visiting every country, and sailing the seas and rivers within its boundaries. Before he wrote the " Lake Shore " series he made a special trip to the lake and surrounding country. For the " Army and Navy " series he consulted old sailors and soldiers. He has been to Evirope nine times, twice to Nassau and the south side of Cuba, has visited nearly every State in the United States and the British Provinces, and sailed on the large rivers and great lakes. In the library of his house in the Dorchester District of Boston he has, besides about three thousand books, mostly consulted in his work, large numbers of maps, charts, diagrams, and plans ; and, adjoining his house, he has a workshop well stocked with tools and machinery, in which he has himself worked out many of the things described in the " Boat Builder " series and other books. Mr. Adams served one year (1868) in the General Court as a representative for Dorchester, declining a re-elec- tion, and for fourteen years was a member of the school committees, four years of that of Dorches- ter immediately preceding the annexation of the town to Boston (1870), and ten years immediately following, of the Boston board. For about twenty years he was either teacher or superintendent of the Sunday-school of the Dorchester First Church. He belongs to the Masonic order, and for three MEN OF PROGRESS. 13 years was master of the Union Lodge ; and he is a member of the ( )ld Dorchester Club, of the Massachusetts Yacht Club (honorary member, an original member of the Dorchester Yacht Club, which became the Massachusetts Yacht Club), and of the Boston Press Club. In politics he has been a Republican from the origin of the party, with Independent tendencies. His first vote was for Henry Clay, and he was a Whig as long as the party existed. In 1884 he was a "Mug- wump," and supported Cleveland's first term ; but in 1892 he voted the national Republican ticket, and also the Republican ticket in State elections. Mr. Adams was married in October, 1846, to Miss Sarah Jenkins, of Dorchester. She died March 7, 1885. Their children were : Ellen Frances (died at the age of eighteen months), Alice (now the wife of Sol Smith Russell, the comedian), and Emma (wife of George W. White, of the Suffolk bar, died May 25, 1884). With the exception of about six months in Minneapolis (1887 ), where his daughter, Mrs. Sol Smith Russell, made her home, he has resided in Dorchester since 1843. he was a leader, and served on the important committees on tiie judiciary, on public service, mercantile affairs (chairman), liquor laws, rules, and bills in the third reading ; and as mayor of Cambridge he was re-elected for his second term unanimously, on the record of his first. From 1884 to 1892 he was a member of the Democratic State Committee, its secretary for four years, and on the finance and executive committees ; he served also for some time on the Democratic Con- gressional and county committees: and in 188S he was a delegate to the National Democratic .'XLGER, Alpheus Brown, member of the bar, mayor of the city of Cambridge for two years, was born in Lowell, October 8, 1854, son of Edwin A. and Amanda (Busw-ell) Alger. On the paternal side he is descended from Thomas .\lger who settled in Bridgewater in 1665. He attended the public schools of Lowell, and was there prepared for college, entering Harvard in 187 1, from which he graduated in 1875. The same year he entered the Harvard Law School, and a year later continued his law studies in the office of Judge Josiah G. Abbott, of Boston. He was admitted to the bar in 1877, and began practice in Boston, in association with his father's firm. Brown & Alger, continuing his residence in Cam- bridge, to which city the family had moved during his first year in college. He early took an in- terest in politics. In 1878 he became a member of the Democratic city committee of Cambridge, was made its secretary, and subsequently its chairman ; and his connection with the organiza- tion was continued unbroken until 1891, his first year in the maj'oralty. In 1884 he was a member of the Cambridge Board of .Vldermen ; in 1886 and 1887 a State senator; and in 1S91 and 1892 mayor of the city of Cambridge. In the Senate A. B. ALGER. Convention at St. Louis. He belongs to a num- ber of fraternal orders, — is a member of the Ami- cable Lodge, Free Masons, Boston Commandery ; of the Ponemah Tribe Improved Order of Red Men (of which order he was a great sachem in 1891, and a great representative to the council held in Atlanta, Ga., in 1892); of St. Omer Lodge, Knights of Pythias ; of Aleppo Temple, Order of Mystic Shrine ; and of the Haymakers. Among the social organizations with which he is connected are the Central Club, of Somerville, the Arlington Boat Club, and the Bay State of Mas- sachusetts (Democratic dining club), of which he is secretary and treasurer. From 189 1 to 1892 he was chairman of the Board of Harvard Bridge H MEN OF PROGRESS. Commissioners, and was a member of the Charles River Improvement Commission, estabhshed by act of the Legishiture of 1891. He is unmarried. AMES, Frederick Lothrop, capitaHst, dis- tinguished especially in American railroad enter- prises, was born in Easton, June 8, 1835, son of Oliver, 2d, and Sarah (Lothrop) Ames; died Sep- tember 16, 1893. He was a lineal descendant of William Ames, who came to Massachusetts from Bruton, in the shire of Somerset, England, about the year 1635, and settled in Braintree ; was great-grandson of Captain John Ames, who began the making of shovels in West Bridgewater about 1773 ; and grandson of Captain John's son Oliver, who learned his trade at his father's forge, and in 1803 established in North Easton the works and firm which in later years attained wide reputation under the name of Oliver Ames & Sons. Of these sons, Oliver, 2d, the father of Frederick L., and Oakes Ames were the best known from their prominence in railroad development and in the building of the Union Pacific. The mother of Frederick L. was the daughter of Hon. Howard Lothrop, of Easton, who had served in the Massa- chusetts Senate, and in various other official posi- tions, and sister of the Hon. George Van Ness Lothrop, United States minister to Russia during the first administration of President Cleveland. Frederick L. Ames received his early education at Concord, was fitted for college at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, and graduated at Harvard in the class of 1854. In his youth he had a strong inclination towards the law, but, in accordance with his father's wishes, soon after graduation he entered the family business at North Easton. Beginning as a clerk in the office, he secured pro- motions from grade to grade, according to the rules which prevailed in the establishment, and after several years' service as a subordinate was placed in charge of the accountant's department, where he displayed marked business ability. In his twenty-eighth year, by the death of his grand- father ( 1863), he became a member of the firm. In 1876, when the firm was reorganized under the title of the Oliver Ames & Sons Corporation, he was made treasurer, and soon after succeeded his father as the official and actual head of that great manufacturing concern. Before the death of his father, which occurred in 1877, he had invested extensively in Western railroads; and, while he was still comparatively a young man. he was a director in the Union Pacific, the Chicago & Northwestern, the Missouri Pacific, and the Texas Pacific, and had gradually diverted his in- terest from manufacturing to railroads. Subse- quently, while retaining his interest in the factory of his ancestors and continuing as treasurer of the corporation, he extended and enlarged his rail- FRED. L. AMES. road operations, and became conspicuous among the foremost men of the railroad world. He was universally conceded to be one of the best in- formed men in .\merican railroad business, and one of the best judges of the value, quality, re- sources, and possibilities of railway property. At the time of his death he was vice-president of the Old Colony Railroad, a director in the Old Col- ony Steamboat Company, and director in a great number of other railroad companies in various parts of the country, including the following : the Atchison, Colorado &: Pacific; Atchison, Jewell County & \\'estern ; Boulder Valley & Central City \\'agon Road ; Carbon Cut-off Company ; Central Branch Union Pacific ; Chicago & North- western ; Colorado Western ; Denver, Leadville & Gunnison ; Denver Union & Terminal ; Echo & Park City; Fall River, \\'arren & Providence ; the Fitchburg system ; Fort Worth &: Denver City ; MEN OF PROGRESS. 15 Gray's Peak, Snake River .S; Leadvillc ; Golden, Boulder & Caribou ; Junction City eS: Fort Kear- ney ; Kansas Central ; Kansas City iS; Omaha ; Laramie, North Park & Pacific Railroad & Tele- graph Company; Lawrence & Emporia ; Leaven- worth, Topeka & Southwestern ; Loveland Pass Mining &: Railroad Tunnel Company ; Manhattan, Alma & Burlingame ; Montana Union ; Montana Railway ; North Park & Grand River Valley Rail- road & Telegraph ; Omaha & Elkhorn Valley ; Omaha & Republican Valley ; Oregon Railway & Navigation Company; Oregon Railway Extensions Company ; Oregon Short Line & Utah Northern ; Providence, Warren & Bristol ; St. Joseph & Grand Island ; Salina & Southwestern ; Solomon ; Union Pacific ; Union Pacific, Lincoln & Colo- rado ; Union Pacific, Denver & Gulf ; Washington & Idaho ; Walla Walla & Columbia River. He was also largely interested in other important en- terprises and in numerous financial institutions. He was a director of the Western Union Tele- graph Company, the General Electric Company, the New England Trust Company, the Old Colony Trust Company, the Bay State Trust Company, the American Loan & Trust Company, and the Mercantile Trust Company of New York; and president of the Hoosac Tunnel Dock & Elevator Company, of the First National Bank of North Easton, and of the North Easton Savings Bank. He was the largest owner of real estate in Boston, and as a client of the late H. H. Richardson exer- cised a marked influence for improvement upon the business architecture of the city. The most substantial monument of his work in this direc- tion is the lofty tower-like Ames Building, on the corner of Court and Washington Streets, de- signed by Richardson's successors, a rich and original example of the great office structures that now characterize the leading American cities. In his various business operations and great under- takings he neglected no details which ought to occupy his attention, his business habits were most methodical, his judgment was clear, cool, and sound, and his probity unquestioned. Mr. Ames was a liberal patron of the arts as well as an eminent business man, and possessed decided literary and intellectual tastes. In his winter home in Boston he had a superb collection of paintings, including two fine portraits by Rem- brandt, dated 1632, and valuable examples of Millet, Rousseau, Troyon, Diaz, Daubigny, Corot, and others ; rich tapestries, jades, and crystals, among the latter the largest known. From early life he was deeply interested in horticulture, and for nearly thirty years was an active member of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, long one of its vice-presidents and a member of its finance committee. His collection of orchids, at his country home in North Easton, one of the most e-xtensive and beautiful estates in New England, surpasses all other collections of these plants in the country, and in number, variety, and condition has no superior. His love of nature was real and profound ; and his exact and comprehensive knowl- edge of the plants in which he was particularly interested gave him an international reputation among orchidologists, and many rare orchids have been named for him. His large greenhouses, with their wealth of horticultural beauty, were freely opened by him, not only to the residents of North Easton, but to visitors from far and near. His interest in rural economy was active, and for many years he was a trustee of the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture. In politics Mr. Ames was originally a Whig, but later be- came a Republican. He never cherished polit- ical aspirations, and was disinclined to enter public life. In 1872, during his absence from the State and without his knowledge, he was nomi- nated for the State Senate, and much against his will was elected. During his term he served on the committees on manufactures and on agricult- ure, and was influential in legislation. In relig- ion he was a LInitarian, taking an active part in the affairs of the church at North Easton and of the First Church in Boston ; and he was one of the most generous givers to denominational work and institutions. He was, too, a liberal con- tributor to charitable enterprises, and personally devoted much time and money to benevolent undertakings. He was president of the Home for Incurables, and a trustee of the New England Children's Hospital, of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and of the McLean Insane Asylum. He was also much concerned in the work of the Kindergarten for the Blind, connected with the Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind. He was warmly devoted to the wel- fare of Harvard University, especially interested in the Arnold Arboretum and the Botanical De- partment, the usefulness of which was greatly ex- tended through his liberality. At the time of his death he was one of the Fellows and trustee of Harvard College. His devotion to his native i6 MEN OF PROGRESS. town is displaced in the beautiful arcliitectural additions wliich lie made to it. With his ni'ither and sister he largely increased the bequest left by his father to build, equip, and endow a public library there, and, employing Richardson as archi- tect, built the present structure, one of the most beautiful library buildings in the country; and the railroad station, also of Richardson's design, was erected at his expense for the adornment of the village. Mr. Ames was married June 7, i860, to Miss Rebecca Caroline Jilair, only child of James Blair, of St. Louis, Mo. They had si.x children, of whom five are now living : Helen .\ngier (now the wife of Robert C. Hooper, of Boston), Oliver (married to Elise A. West, of Boston), Mary Shreve, Lothrop, and John Stanley Ames. financially and otherwise to its support and suc- cess. In his fourteenth j-ear, the one in which he w'as to be graduated from the grammar school, he was obliged, by the severe illness of his father, ^ ARMSTRONG, George Washington, founder of the Armstrong Transfer Company, Boston, and proprietor of the consolidated news and restau- rant business on New England railroad systems, is a native of Boston, born August 11, 1836, son of David and Mahalia (Lovering) Armstrong. He is of Scotch and Pilgrim blood. On the pa- ternal side he is an offshoot of the Scotch clan of Armstrong, who dwelt near Gilnockie, Cannobie, Castleton, and adjacent parishes in the Lowlands of Scotland known as the " Debateable Country," and near the English border. His ancestors emi- grated from Scotland to the north of Ireland, and from thence to the Londonderry Settlement in New Hampshire. He is a direct descendant of Charter Robert Armstrong, one of the original settlers in the Londonderry Settlement, and one of its proprietors June 21, 1722. On the maternal side he is a descendant of a brother of the Puri- tan, Governor Edward Winslow. The home of his paternal ancestors has been for several gen- erations in that portion of the original township of Londonderry, N.H., known as Windham since 1742 ; and of that place his father was a native. His father came to Boston in 1825, and worked at ship-building. In 1S50 he fell seriously ill, and died in the autumn of 1851, leaving a small es- tate. George W. Armstrong was educated in the public schools of Boston, and was one of the boys of the "Old Hawes Grammar School." Of this school he entertains many pleasant recollections ; and in the deliberations and proceedings of its "Association," of which he is a member, he has always taken an active part, and has contributed GEO. W. ARMSTRONG. to leave his studies, and was thrown largely upon his own resources. He first began his work as a "penny postman," the forerunner of the letter carrier of to-day, his district being the whole of South Boston. Next he was office boy for the South Boston Gazette and the Sunday News, local journals then existing; and then he was newsboy on State Street. In March of 1852 he became a newsboy on the old Boston & Worcester Rail- road, now of the Boston & Albany line, where he continued about nine years. The last year and a half of that time he was in the employ of the com- pany in various capacities, principally as baggage master, sleeping-car conductor, and as conductor on the regular trains. Then he became manager of the news business on the line. In 1863 he had become half-owner of the news-room in the Boston station of the Boston & Albany Railroad, and also of the restaurant there. In eight years he was sole proprietor, and was extending his interest in this branch along the line of the road ; and his newsboys were upon every train. In 1869 he purchased the news business of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 17 Fitchburg Railroad. His work broadened out, and enlarged so that in 1875 his operations ex- tended over the old Eastern Railroad, and he had become proprietor of the restaurants and news-rooms in the Boston station, at Portsmouth, Wolfeboro, N.H., and Portland, Me. His busi- ness on the lioston & Albany Road then included the restaurants and news-rooms of the stations at South Franiingham, Palmer, and Pittsfield. Sub- sequently his control was extended over the entire restaurant and news business of the Boston & Albany, of the Eastern Division of the Boston & Maine, and of the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn, part of the dining business on the Old Colony, and all of the news business on the Fitchburg Railroad ; and to his system has recently been added the news business on the Western Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad. While the business interests of Mr. Armstrong have been large and widely extended, as has been shown, they have not been confnied to one department. Indeed, his life has been full of activities. He developed the enterprise now represented by the well-known "Armstrong Transfer Company'' of Boston, which dates from iiS65, when he pur- chased " icing's Baggage F>xpress," and organ- ized the business on a systematic and substan- tial basis. The plan of checking baggage from one station to another to accommodate railway passengers was introduced with other features, and a line of passenger carriages and transfer coaches was added as part of the system. This company was incorporated in 1882, with Mr. Armstrong as its president, and Charles W. Sher- burne treasurer. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Worcester, Nashua & Rochester Railroad, and of that of the Manches- ter & Lawrence Railroad ; and he is a large shareholder in each. Though he cannot be called a club man, Mr. Armstrong is a member of several associations, among them being the Bos- tonian Society, of which he is a life member, the Scotch-Irish Society of America, the Beacon So- ciety of Boston, and other associations. He mar- ried December 10, 1868, Miss Louise Marston, of Bridgewater, N.H., who died February 17, 1880. Their children were Mabelle, born February 21, 1870, and Louise, born October 22, 187 1, died December 22, 1876. He married secondly, De- cember 12, 1882, Miss Flora E., daughter of Dr. Reuben Greene, of Boston. Their children are : Ethel, born June 7, 1884, and George Robert. born December 10, 1888. His home was in Boston from his birth until 1875. when he pur- chased an attractive estate in lirookline, where he has since lived. B.\ILEY, Andrew Jackson, city solicitor of Boston, is a native of Charlestown, born July 18, 1840, son of Barker and Alice (.Ayers) Bailey. He was educated in the Charlestown public schools, and at Harvard in the class of 1863. Upon the breaking out of the Civil War he en- listed, April 16, 1 86 1, in the Charlestown City Guards, then Company K, Fifth Regiment Massa- chusetts Volunteers, and was in the first battle of Bull Run. At the close of this term of service he returned to college. Enlisting again in 1864, he was commissioned second lieutenant, Com- pany H, Fifth Regiment. At the close of the war he studied law with Hutchins & Wheeler of Boston, and afterwards with John W. Pettingill of Charlestown ; and was admitted to the bar in 1867. From 1866 to 1871 he was clerk of the A. J. BAILEY. police court in Charlestown; in 1868 and 1869 a member of the Charlestown Connnon Council, president of that body the latter year ; from 1869 to 1872 a member of the Charlestown School i8 MEN OF PROGRESS. Board: in 1871-72-73 a representative from Charlestown in the lower house of the Legislat- ure; in 1874 a member of the Senate ; after the annexation of Charlestown to Boston a member of the Boston Common Council nearly two terms (1880-81), its president the second term until November, 1881, when he resigned and was elected city solicitor, which office he has since held continuously by election or appointment. When a member of the House of Representatives, he served on the committees on probate and chancery, elections, and mercantile affairs (chair- man of the last two) ; and, when in the Senate, he was a member of the committees on Hoosac Tunnel, prominently identified in the legislation which resulted in the acquisition of the tunnel by the Fitchburg Railroad, and chairman of the committee on labor matters, reporting the first bill passed by the Legislature regulating the em- ployment of women and children in manufactur- ing establishments. He is the author of a large amount of important Massachusetts statute law. Mr. Bailey is prominently connected with the Masonic order and a number of associations and clubs. He is a member of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Loyal Legion ; a member of the Grand Army, for two years judge advocate of the department of Massachusetts ; a charter member of Faith Lodge of Free Masons, a mem- ber of the Hugh de Payen Commandery; a mem- ber of the Bunker Hill Monument Association; and of the Art, Athletic, and Suffolk clubs of Boston. He was one of the promoters of the Soldiers' Home in Massachusetts, and has been on the Board of Trustees since its incorpora- tion. Mr. Bailey married in January iS6g, Miss Abby V. Getchell, daughter of John and Hannah Getchell, of Charlestown. the brokerage business in Boston, establishing the firm of Ballou tV- Mifflin, which, during the Civil War period and subsequently, did a large and profitable trade. In i86g he was elected vice- BALLOU, MuRR.^v Rdukkts, chairman of the Boston Stock Exchange, was born in Boston, July 21, 1840, only son of Maturin M. and Mary Ann (Robert.s) Ballou. He comes of Huguenot stock. His grandfather was the eminent Univer- salist minister, Hosea Ballou, who was called the "father of modern Universalism " ; and his father is the well-known author of numerous books of travel, and founder of several successful periodi- cals. He was educated in Boston, in the iJixwell schools, and at Harvard College, graduating from the latter in 1862. After graduation he entered M. R. BALLOU. president of the Stock Exchange, and the next year president ; and since that time he has been the presiding officer, having been annually re- elected president until 188S, when that office was made honorar}-, as it is in New \ork, and there- after chairman, the office at the same time created. Mr. Ballou was married December, 1863, to Miss Lucretia B. Howland, daughter of James How- land, of New Bedford. They have four children : Maturin Howland, Elise Murray, Franklin Bur- gess, and Mabel Ballou. BARRE'lT, William Emerson, manager of the Boston Daily Advertiser and the ETeiiiiii^ Reeon/, and for five consecutive years speaker of the House of Representatives, is a native of Mel- rose, born December 29, 1858, son of .\ugustus and Sarah (P^merson) Barrett. He was educated in Melrose public schools, the High School of Claremont, N.H., where his father was engaged in manufacturing and the family lived for some years, and at Dartmouth College, graduating from MEN OF PROGRESS. 19 the latter in 1880. Choosing as his profession journalism, at which he had tried his hand on the college paper and in other directions while an undergraduate, he found a place in the editorial office of the Alesscngcr of St. .Mbans, \'t., soon after graduation, and there worked in various ca- pacities for two years, occasionally contributing news-letters, and despatches to New York papers. In r882 he was given a position as correspond- ent on the staff of the Daily Advertiser in Bos- ton, and, after a preliminary trial as the Ad- vertiser " special " in the early autumn campaign in Maine, was assigned to the Washington office of the paper, where he was established as its regular correspondent. In this line of journalistic work he rapidly developed, early taking rank among the most active men of " Newspaper Row." As a news-gatherer, he was alert, prompt, enterpris- ing; and his frequent note and comment on men and things in and about Congress were always bright and often brilliant. During the national campaign of 1884, when the Advertiser had be- come an independent journal, and was opposing the election of Mr. Blaine, he was assigned to special service in certain " doubtful " States in the West ; and his letters and despatches then published were among the most important and interesting contributions to the literature of that memorable canvass. Although himself a stanch Republican, he was given a free hand, his instruc- tions being to state the situation as he found it, regardless of the editorial attitude of the paper ; and this he did with remarkable frankness and accuracy. .At another time, while holding his position at Washington, he served as clerk of the special congressional committee to investigate the so-called Copiah, Mississippi, outrages. In Jan- uary, 1886, the ownership of the Advertiser changed, and it again became a Republican party paper, the managers who had conducted it as an independent journal withdrawing ; and in June of that year, the paper then being without a head, Mr. Barrett was recalled from Washington to the home office, and placed in editorial charge. Within a year he became the publisher as well as the editor of the paper, and the leading owner of the property. Subsequently he was made presi- dent of the " Advertiser Newspaper Company," which succeeded the '• Boston Advertiser Corpora- tion," and publisher of the Advertiser and Evening Record, the latter a penny paper, established in September, 18S4. In 1887 Mr. Barrett was first elected to the lower house of the Legislature from his native town of Melrose, and with his service in the session of 1888 began a remarkable political career. Returned the next year, he was made speaker of the House by a vote of two hun- dred and thirteen to one scattering ; and by re- peated re-election he held this position through the sessions of 1890-91-92-93, in every case receiving a practically unanimous vote after his renomina- tion in caucus, and in 1892 being complimented, without preliminary caucus of either party, by an absolutely unanimous vote of the whole House. In the preliminary canvass of 1891 for the Repub- lican nomination for governor he was conspicuous among several mentioned for that position; and in 1893 he was the Republican candidate for Con- gress in the Seventh District, in the by-election of .\pril, to fill the vacancy caused by the election of its representative, Henry Cabot Lodge, to be senator. In this contest, after a spirited canvass, he met his first defeat, his Democratic competitor. Dr. William Everett, carrying the district by the narrow margin of thirty-four votes. Declining to WM. E. BARRETT. stand for a sixth term in the Legislature, he closed his career as speaker with the session of 1893. Mr. Barrett is a member of many social and fraternal organizations. He was married on 20 MEN OF PROGRESS. December 28, 1887, in Claremont, N.H., to Miss Annie L. Bailey, daughter of Herbert and Alice (Sulloway) Bailey. They have three children: William E., Jr.. Florence, and Ruth Barrett. BARTOL, Rev. Cyrus Augustus, upwards of fifty years minister of the West Church of Boston (Unitarian), quarter of a century colleague of the Rev. Charles Lowell, is a native of Maine, born in the little seaport town of Freeport, April 30, 1813, son of George and Ann (Given) Bartol. He is of English, Irish, and Italian descent. CYRUS A. BARTOL. Bartolo, Bartolozzi, IJarthokli, and BerthoUet are Italian and French synonymes of his father's name. His mother's grandsire left the Romish Church to marry a wife : he had been a priest. Attaining his early education in the common schools, Cyrus A. was fitted for college in the High School of Portland, where his father was at that time a merchant, and entered Bowdoin in the class of 1828. At the close of his junior )'ear he was elected president of his college lit- erary society, having, as one of his classmates in after years testified, '• no peer that could for a moment contest that honor, bestowed by the votes of students upon character and scholarship, with him at that time." After graduation from the college he came to the Harvard Divinity School, and took the regular three years' course, graduating in 1835. He had been preaching but a little over a year, first in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was settled in 1835-36, and six months as minister-at-large in Boston, when he was called to the West Church as Dr. Lowell's colleague, or- dained on the first day of March, 1837. This re- lation " in all love and harmony " held till the death of Dr. Lowell in 1861, when he became sole pastor. On the first of March, 1887, the fiftieth anniversary of his ministry here, and the one hun- dred and fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of the West Church, were observed by a memorable service in the old meeting-house on Cambridge and Lynde Streets, in which the minister. Rev. Drs. Frederic H. Hedge, George E. Ellis, Alonzo A. Miner, George A. Gordon of the Old South Church, Robert Colh'er, Cyrus Hamlin, president of Roberts College, Constantinople (a college mate of Dr. Bartol), and Phillips Brooks, the Brahmin Babu Mohini M. Chatterji, then visiting Boston, James Russell Lowell, and Governor Ames took part. He retired in 1889, resigning the office of pastor September 30, that year; and on May 5 the last service in the church was held. He has been identified with many progressive clubs ; was frequently host of the celebrated Rad- ical Club which flourished in Boston in the late sixties and seventies ; and he has been called the last of the Transcendentalists. His church, al- though classed as Unitarian, has steadfastly held an independent attitude from Dr. Lowell's pastor- ate through his own, known as the " Independent Congregational Society." He has been described as a " reverent radical, an acute and way- ward conservative, standing aloof with his church from all ecclesiastical entanglements,'' and " by the flag of individual freedom in matters of re- ligion." The degree of doctor of divinity was con- ferred upon him by Harvard Llniversity in 1859. Dr. Bartol's publications constitute a notable list, including many sermons in pamphlet form and sev- eral volumes of sermons and essays. The latter embrace " Discourses on the Christian Spirit and Life" (first published in 1850, second edition re- vised 1854); "Discourses on the Christian Body and Form" (1854); " Pictures of Europe framed in Ideas," essays suggested by a European tour (185s); "History of the West Church and its Ministers" (1858) ; "Church and Congregation " MEN OF PROGRESS. 21 (1858): "Word of the Spirit to the Church" (1859); "Radical Problems" (1872); "The Rising Faith " (1874) ; and "Principles and Por- traits" (1880). He has also published a number of occasional essays, portrait eulogies on William Ellery Channing, John Weiss, \\'illiam Lloyd Gar- rison, " Father "' Taylor, and William M. Hunt, the artist, and some poetry ; and a miniature book of selections from his writings, under the title of "Grains of Gold," was brought out by the Uni- tarian Association in 1854. Dr. Partol was mar- ried in Boston, February 7, 1838, to Elizabeth Howard, daughter of Dr. John Clarke and Hepzi- bah (Swan) Howard. They had one child. Eliza- beth Howard Bartol, who has become well known as a painter. He has lived during most of his life in Boston, at No. 17 Chestnut Street, West End, one of the quaintest and oldest houses in the street ; and his sunnner residence has been for many years at Manchester-by-the-sea. BENNETT, Joseph, member of the Suffolk bar, long identified with the interests of the Brighton District of Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Piridgton, May 26, 1840, son of William and Charlotte Bennett. His early education was attained at the district school in Sweden, Me., and at the Bridgton Academy. Then, moving with his parents to Massachusetts, he completed his preparation for college in the lioston Latin School, and entered Bowdoin College with the class of 1864. He was obliged to withdraw in the Junior year, but subsequently he received from the college the degree of A.B. out of course. He began the study of law soon after leaving col- lege in the office of Asa Cottrell, Boston, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1866. Two years later he was admitted to the bar of the United States Circuit Court, and in 1882 to prac- tice before the United States Supreme Court. He was trial justice in Middlesex County at the time of the annexation of Brighton to Boston (in 1874), and for some years after annexation was special justice of the Municipal Court of the Brighton District. He has served in both branches of the Legislature, — member of the House of Representatives in 1880, and of the Senate in 1881-82, and again in 1891. In the latter body he was a leader, the first two terms chairman of the committee on taxation and of that on election laws, and twice chairman of the committee on redistricting the State into Congres- sional districts, — in 1882 and in 1891, — the only instance of the kind. In the Senate of 1891 also he was chairman of the committee on rail- roads, on rules and orders, and on constitution amendments. Other committees on which he served when a senator were those on the judi- ciary and on probate and chancery. For several years before annexation he was a member of the Brighton School Committee, and was one of the early trustees of the Holton Library, now ab- sorbed in the Brighton Branch of the Boston Pub- lic Library, .\fter annexation he served some JOSEPH BENNETT. time on the Boston School Committee. In poli- tics he is a Republican, and has been active with the leaders of his party in his section of the State. In the campaign of 1893 he was prominent among those mentioned for the Republican nomi- nation for attorney-general. Mr. Bennett was married in Boston, April 26, 1866, to Miss Eliza- beth R. Lafavour, daughter of John and Mary (Harding) Lafavour. They have three children: Joseph I., F"rederick S., and Mary E. Bennett. BIGELOW, JoN.ATHAN, ex-president of the Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange, is a native 22 MEN OF PROGRESS. of Conway, born January i, 1825, son of Jona B. and Relief (Newhall) Bigelow, the eldest of a family of ten children. He traces his lineage from John Bigelow, who settled in Watertown in 1632, and now lives in the town of his ancestors. He left home when a lad of nine years to live with an uncle, then a butcher in Charlestown ; and. JONATHAN BIGELOW. the latter soon moving to a farm in Brighton, he worked there at farming, attending school during the winter months. He took advantage of every opportunity for the acquisition of knowledge, and at nineteen was well equipped for school-teaching. He found a position in the South, as teacher in the town school, in Screven County, Georgia, sixty miles from Savannah ; and here he remained about a year, obtaining a good idea of the man- ners and customs of the South before the war. Returning North some time in 1846, he estab- lished himself in a general boot and shoe busi- ness in Roxbury. This was continued success- fully for ten years ; and then he entered the produce commission trade, to which he had al- ready given much practical study. He first formed a partnership with Z. C. Perry, under the firm name of Perry \: Bigelow, and was estab- lished at No. 3 North Market Street. They re- mained there in company about a year, when he bought his partner's interest. Soon after he moved to No. 25 North Market Street, and in 1859 to No. 23, the site he has since occupied. In 1859 the firm name first became Jonathan Bigelow & Co. Subsequently it was changed to Bigelow, Maynard & Magee, then to Bigelow & Magee, and then, in 1865, again to Jonathan Bigelow & Co., by which it has since been known. It is one of the oldest produce commission houses in Boston, re- ceiving consignments from more than thirty of the difterent States and Territories, besides the Brit- ish Provinces. Since 1888 Mr. Bigelow has been president of the National Butter, Cheese, and Egg Association. In 1887 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature from the Sixteenth Middlesex representative district, and in that session was earnest in support of various reform measures, and took a pronounced position on the butterine and oleomargarine question. He in- troduced a bill for registration in dentistry, another giving women who are entitled to vote on candidates for school committee the right to vote on the liquor license question, and a third for tlie removal of obstructions to the entrances of gambling-rooms. The first and last of these bills became laws : the second was carried in the Mouse, but defeated in the Senate. Mr. ISigelow was one of the earliest members of the Boston Produce Exchange, and president of the Fruit and Produce Exchange. He is also a member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, of the Boston Associated Board of Trade, of the Boston Merchants' Association, of "The Market Men's Republican Club," of the Massachusetts Republi- can Club, and of the Middlesex (political dining) Club, of the Colonial Club of Cambridge, of the South Middlesex Unitarian Club, and of the " Old School Boys' Association of Boston." He belongs to the Masonic order, a member of Mount Olivet Lodge, of Cambridge Royal Arch Chapter, and of the DeMolay Commandery Knights Templar; is a past district deputy grand master, and a member of the Past District Deputy Grand Masters' Association. In religion he is a Unitarian, and has been active in the Unitarian church and Sunday-schools where he has resided. He was married in 1847 to Miss Sarah Brooks, of Brighton. Their children are : Sam- uel Brooks, Lizzie Jane, Henry J., and Louis H. Bigelow. The daughter Lizzie died when three and one-half years old. His two eldest sons are in business with him. MEN OF PROGRESS. 23 RIGELOW, Melville Madison, author and lecturer on law in the Boston University and other institutions, is a native of Michigan, born near Eaton Rapids, August 2, 1846, son of the Rev. William Enos and Daphne (Mattison) Bigelow. He is a grandson of J. Gardner and Thankful (Enos) Higelow, great-grandson of Jabez, Jr., and .'Mmy (CJardner) Bigelow, great-great-grandson of Jabez and Susanna (Elderkin) Bigelow, great- great - great - grandson of Gershom and Rachel (Gale) Bigelow, great -great -great -great -grandson of Joshua and Elizabeth (Flagg) Bigelow, great- great-great-great-great-grandson of John and Mary (Warren) Bigelow, or, rather, Begeley or Bageley, the form of the name until about the middle of the 17th century, when at Watertown, Mass., an- cestral home of all the Bigelows, it gradually began to take its present form. Mr. Bigelow is of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont, and New York, but in the main of Mas- sachusetts ancestry. John, first of the foregoing line, served in the war against the Pequots and also in King Philip's War ; Joshua, second of the line, served in King Philip's War; Jabez, Jr., fifth of the line, served as a private soldier in the Revolution ; the father, Joseph Enos, of Thankful (Enos), si.xth of the line, served as a lieutenant in the Revolution ; while through Su- sanna (Elderkin), fourth of the line, Mr. Bigelow is descended from John Elderkin (1616-87), 'he famous church-builder, millwright, and shipwright of Massachusetts and Connecticut, who built the first churches and the first mills in New London and Norwich, Conn., and in other places, and also the first merchant vessel ever owned or built in New London, the " New London Trj-all,'' in 1 66 1. His early education was attained in the public schools, ending with the high school, in Michigan. Then he entered the University of Michigan, and, graduating in 1866, was admitted to the bar two years afterwards. Some years later he came to Harvard University, where he received the degree of Ph.D. in 1879. After leaving college he devoted himself to unremit- ting work in legal and historical pursuits, in connection with professional duties, giving much time to historical studies relating to law. He has been mainly engaged in legal authorship, and in lecturing in the law schools of Boston University, the University of Michigan, and the Northwestern University. His law books have been fax'orably received in England as well as in this country. One of them (on Torts) has been published by the I'niversity of Cambridge, Eng- land, and is used in its Law School as a te,xt- book. Besides this work (English ed. 1889 ; 4th American ed. 1891), the following are Mr. Bige- low's more important works: I, aw of Estoppel, (1872 ; 5th. ed. i8go); Law of Fraud on its Civil Side, two volumes (vol. i, 1888; vol. 2, 1890); Elements of the Law of Bills, Notes, and Cheques (1893) ; History of Procedure in England, Nor- man Period (London, 1880). He has also edited the last editions of Story on Conflict of Laws, Story on Equity Jurisprudence, Story on the Con- stitution, and Jarman on Wills. He has a large acquaintance among people of distinction through- out the LTnited States and in England, and is a member of a number of learned societies at home and abroad. He is a Fellow of the Society of Science, Letters, and Arts, London ; member of the Council, Selden Society, London ; associate. MELVILLE M. BIGELOW. Victoria Society, London ; was made an honorary member of the Athenaeum Club, London, in and for the summer of 1889 ; is a member of the Mas- sachusetts Society of Sons of American Revolu- tion, and of the American Historical Association ; honorary member of the Texas Historical Society ; and honorary member of the New Vork State Bar 24 MEN OF PROGRESS. Association. In politics he is an Independent witli Republican proclivities, favoring low tariff. Mr. Bigelow was first married, in i86g, to Miss Elizabeth Bragg. By this union were three chil- dren : Ada Hawthorne and Charlotte Gray, both of whom died in 1876, and Leslie Melville Bigelow. His first wife died in 1881. His second wife, to whom he was married in 1883, was Miss Cornelia Frothingham Read. She died in 1892, leaving no children. BRACKETT, Jt)HN Quincv Adams, governor of Massachusetts in 1890, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Bradford, June 8, 1842, son f A. ' -ifif r^, "MIHIfe^ . ^ r J. Q. A. BRACKETT. of Ambrose S. and Nancy Brackett. There his boyhood was spent, and his early education at- tained ; but since his college days he has been a resident of Massachusetts. He was fitted for col- lege at Colby Academy, New London, N.H., and entered Harvard in the class of 1865. He ranked well with his classmates, and was class orator ; and his graduation was with honors. Then he took the Harvard Law School course, graduating in 1868. The same year he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and early entered upon a lucrative practice. He subsequently formed a partnership with the late Hon. Levi C. \\'ade, and is now the senior member of the law firm of Brackett & Rob- erts. He began his public career as a member of the Boston Common Council, where he served four terms (1873-76), the last one as president. Then he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature ; and here, through repeated re-elec- tions, his service covered eight years (1877-81 and 1884-86). During this period he served on many important committees, among others those on taxation, labor, and the judiciary, being chair- man of each, and the special committee of 1881 on the revision of the Statutes ; and was identi- fied with much important legislation. The last two terms he occupied the Speaker's chair, each time elected to the speakership by a large ma- jority. In 1886 he was nominated by his party for lieutenant governor, with Oliver Ames at the head of the ticket, and was elected in the Novem- ber election. This position he held for three years (1887-88-89), and then, nominated for the governorship to succeed Governor Ames, was elected for the term of 1890. Renominated for a second term, he was defeated, after a close can- vass, by William E. Russell, the Democratic can- didate. While serving as lieutenant governor, Mr. Brackett performed the duties of governor on several occasions, and always with credit to the Commonwealth. In the capacity of acting governor he represented Massachusetts at Co- lumbus on the occasion of the celebration of the centennial of the settlement of Ohio, in the sum- mer of 1888 ; and a year later he repre.sented the State at the dedication of the Pilgrim Monument at Plymouth. He was one of the delegates at large from Massachusetts to the Republican Na- tional Convention at Minneapolis in 1892. Since his retirement from public station he has devoted himself sedulously to the practice of his profes- sion, and has been concerned in noteworthy causes. During his long association with Boston interests he has been connected with a number of local institutions. He was for many years a member of the Mercantile Library Association, its president in 1871, and again in 1882, and is now one of its life members. He is a member of the University Club, of the Boston Art Club, of the Arlington Boat Club, of the Massachusetts and Middlesex dinner clubs, of the Republican Club of Massachusetts, and of other organizations. He is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. From 1874 to 1876 he was judge advocate on the staff of General I. S. Burrell, of the First Brig- MEN OF PROGRESS. ade, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. Governor Krackett was married June 20, 1878, to Miss Angle M. Peck, daughter of .Abel G. I'eck, of Arlington, where he now resides. They have had four children, of whom two are living : John Gaylord and Beatrice Krackett. BRAGG, Henry \\'ili..\rii, member of the Suf- ff)lk bar, is a native of Holliston, born December II, 1841, son of VMllard and Mary Matilda (Claflin) Bragg. His paternal grandfather was Colonel Arial Bragg, of Milford, and his mater- nal grandfather, Martin Claflin, also of Milford. HENRY W. BRAGG. His early education was acquired in the Milford High and the Pittsfield High schools ; and his collegiate training was in the llniversity of the City of New York and in Tufts College, this State, the freshman and sophomore years at the former, and the junior and senior years at the latter, from which he was graduated in 1861. He studied law in Natick in the office of the Hon. John W. Bacon (afterwards Judge Bacon, of the Superior Court) and the Hon. George L. Sawin, from January. 1863 to November, 1864, when he was admitted to the bar in Middlesex County. He began practice in Charlestown in January, 1865, and in November, 1868, also opened an office in Boston, where he has practised since in State and United States courts. For the last ten years he has acted as master in equity cases, and as auditor and referee in a large number of cases arising in Suffolk, Middlesex, and Norfolk coun- ties. He has quite an extensive practice, also, in the probate courts in Suffolk and Middlesex counties, and is trustee of several estates and trust funds. He was city solicitor of Charles- town in 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870; special justice of the municipal court of Charlestown from 1870 to 1886 ; master in chancery, Middlesex County, from i86g to 1874; and has been master in chancery, Suffolk County, from 1874 to the pres- ent time ; justice of the municipal court of the Charlestown District from the first of December, 1886, to the present time ; and solicitor of the Warren Institution of Savings of Charlestown since 1867. He has long been connected with the Masonic order : member of the Meridian Lodge of Natick, in 1863 ; a charter member of Faith Lodge, Charlestown, and master of the same ; and a member of Signet Chapter. He is a member also of numerous clubs, — of the Uni- versity, Curtis, Taylor, and Abstract clubs of Boston, of the 99gth Artillery of Charlestown, and of the college societies Zeta Psi and the Order of the Coffee Pot. In politics he is a Re- publican. Judge Bragg was married January 11, 1866, in Milford, to Miss Fallen Francis Haven. They have no children living. BROOKS, Fr.ancis Au(;ustus, member of the Suft'olk bar since 1848, prominent for twenty years in corporation and railroad cases, was born in Petersham, May 23, 1824. His father, Aaron Brooks, was a graduate of Brown University in 18 1 7, a leading lawyer in Worcester County, and a representative in the General Court in 1834-35. He received his early training at Leicester Acad- emy, and was there fitted for college. He entered Harvard in 1838, the youngest member of his class, and graduated in 1842. After graduation he studied at the Harvard Law School and in the law offices of his father in Petersham and of Aylwin & Paine in Boston, and in 1845 w^as admitted to the bar in Worcester County. He began the practice of his profession in Petersham, but in 1848 removed to Boston, where he has since been established. Until 1875 his practice 26 MEN OF PROGRESS. was chiefly in patent cases ; but since that time tions to the literature of the suljjects treated, he has devoted himself to corporation and raih'oad For some time Mr. BrooVis was president of the cases, in the conduct of which he has gained Vermont & Canada Railroad, and he is now president of the old Nashua & Lowell. Mr. Brooks was married at Groton, September 1 4, 1847, to Miss Frances Butler, daughter of Caleb and Clarissa (Varnum) Butler. Mr. Butler, his wife's father, was a graduate of Dartmouth in 1800, a lawyer by profession, principal of the ^^■. Groton Academy eleven years, postmaster thir- teen years, and the author of a History of Gro- ton. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Brooks there are now living three sons : F'rederick and Charles Butler, of Boston, and Morgan Brooks, of Minneapolis. FRANCIS A. BROOKS. distinction. One of these most notable cases was between the Vermont Central and the Vermont & Canada railroads, two corporations of Ver- mont. This was one of the early cases in which the courts of this country assumed the exercise of powers of legislation by authorizing receivers, placed by them in the possession and manage- ment of railroad property, to incur debts having precedence of right over prior existing mortgages. While pursuing his profession, Mr. Brooks has given much study to public questions, notably the Force bill and currency problems, and has pub- lished his views in numerous contributions to the press and in pamphlet form. In 1891 and 1893 he published pamphlets relating to the legislation of Congress in the acts known as the National Currency Act of 1864, the Bland-.Allison Act of 1878, and the Sherman Act of 1890, in which he took ground that, as measures for furnishing a currency or circulating medium in times of peace, these acts of legislation were not within the legiti- mate power of Congress under the Constitution. These publications have attracted much atten- tion, and are recognized as valuable contribu- BUNTING, William Morton, of Plymp- ton ..V Bunting, general managers of the Penn .Mutual Life Insurance Company for New Eng- land, was born in Philadelphia. Penna., March 24, 1855, son of John and Elvira (Andrews) Hunting. His father was a native of England, WM. M. BUNTING. born in Manchester ; and his mother was of Rhode Island, born in Providence. He was educated in the public schools of Philadelphia, MEN OF PROGRESS. 27 and in that city began business life as clerk in a broker's office. Subsequently he went to New York, and there was engaged for many years in the fire-arms business. He entered the insurance business in 1882, when he was made general agent of the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany for Massachusetts, with headquarters in Boston. Two years later he formed a copart- nersliip with Noah A. Plympton, under the firm name of Plympton & Punting ; and they then became the general managers of the New Eng- land department of the same company. In poli- tics he is a Republican, and in 1894 served on the military staff of Governor Greenhalge, an aide-de-camp, with the rank of colonel. He is a member of the Algonquin, Art, Athletic, Suffolk, Country, and New England clubs of Boston, and president of the Bunting Club. He is also a thirty-second degree Mason. He was married December 19, 1881, to Miss Mary Alexander, of Philadelphia. They have two children : Morton Ale.xander and Florence Bunt- ing. Colonel Bunting resides in the Back Bay District of Boston. BUTTERWORTH, Hezekiah, author, and an assistant editor of the Youth's Companion, Boston, is a native of Rhode Island, born in Warren, December 22, 1839, son of Gardner and Susan (Ritchie) Butterworth. His ancestry is traced to the first settlers of Rhode Island and to founders of the first Baptist ciiurch in Massa- chusetts. He was educated in the local schools, fitted for college in the Warren High School, and pursued a private course in Brown University. Subsequently he received the degree of B.A. from Madison l^niversity. He lived on the farm in Warren until he was twenty-eight years of age, early engaging in literary work, — editing a local paper, and contributing to the New \'ork In- dcpiiiiliut, the then existing Appliton's Jonrnal, the Boston Congrcgationalist, the Yont/i' s Com- panion, and other periodical publications. He became an assistant editor of the Youth's Com- panion, taking a desk in the Boston office, early in 1870 ; and he has continued in this position ever since. He has written thirty books. "The Story of the Hymns," w-hich he wrote for the American Tract Society, received the " George Wood" gold medal in 1875. ^"f' '''•''s passed through many editions. His "Zigzag Journey- ings " (Boston : Estes iS: Lauriat) number sixteen volumes, of which nearly four hundred thousand copies have been sold. .Among his other books are four volumes of historical tales, published by the Appletons, New \"ork ; and two volumes of poems, — " Poems for Christmas, Easter, and : Estes & Lauriat), and (Boston : New England He has also been a con- tributor of late years to the Atlantic Monthly, Harper's, and the Century. He wrote the poem for the opening of the Peace and Arbitration Congress at the Columbian Exposition of 1893, New Year's " (Boston " Songs of History " Publishing Company). HEZEKIAH BUTTERWORTH. which gave a picture of the march of the Arvan race and of the white-bordered fiag as the new emblem and leader of that race ; and it was sub- sequently issued in pamphlet form by the Peace Society. He is now (18941 preparing a series of books to be called " New England Wonder Tales," and is about to issue a volume of poems on Florida. Mr. Butterworth has visited Europe, Cuba, Mexico, and Venezuela, and most places in the United States and Canada. In politics he is a " Mugwump." He belongs to the Re- ality Club, Boston, the Authors' Guild, New York, and other literary societies. He is un- married. 28 MEN OF PROGRESS. CLEMENT, Edward Henry, editor-in-chief of the Boston Evening Transcript, is a native of Chelsea, born April 19, 1843, son of Cyrus and Rebecca Fiske (Shortridge) Clement. He is a descendant of Robert Clement who came to Massachusetts Bay Colony from Coventry, Eng- land, in 1643, was chosen to buy and survey the territory of Haverhill, set up the first mill in tiie town, represented Haverhill in the General Court, and whose son's marriage was the first marriage in the town; and on the maternal side he de- scends from Alnjaii Gage, an Essex County E. H. CLEMENT. worthy. His mother was a graduate of Bradford Academy. He was educated in the Chelsea pub- lic schools and at Tufts College, where he was graduated in 1864 at the head of his class. He began his professional life as a reporter and as- sistant editor of an army post newspaper, started in 1865, with the deserted plant of the Savannah Netc's, by Oscar G. Sawyer and Samuel W. Mason, army correspondents of the New York Herald, stationed at Hilton Head, S.C. The dislike of the Southern community for a Northern editor necessitated his retirement from this paper soon after the close of the war. Returning to Boston in 1867, he was for a few weeks chief proof-reader on the Daily Aihrrtiser. Resigning this position, he went to New York to take a place in the proof-room of the Tribune, but instead of that he was assigned by John Russell Young, at that time the managing editor of the paper, to the city editor's department as a reporter. He was soon after promoted to the position of " exchange edi- tor," then advanced to the telegraph editor's desk, and then was made night editor. Leaving the Tribune in 1869, he was for a short time manag- ing editor of the Newark (N.J.) Daily Advertiser, and in 187 1 became one of the editors and proprietors of the Elizabeth (N.J.) Journal. His connection with the Boston Transcript began in 1875, when he was called to the position of as- sistant editor by William A. Hovey, at that time its chief editor. After an active service as leader writer, and critic of art, music, and the drama, he became chief editor upon Mr. Hovey's retirement in 1 88 I. Under his management the high stand- ard established by his distinguished predecessors in the editorial chair of the Transcript has been sustained, and its reputation and business success as a favorite Boston mstitution strengthened. Mr. Clement is in its columns generous in his hospitality to all charitable enterprises, and, in general, befriends liberal and progressive social ideas and political independence. The close at- tention paid to the details of his newspaper work has prevented his cultivation of general literature, but he has written at odd times a number of short stories for Harper's Weekly and other periodicals, occasional letters of art criticism to the Art Ama- teur of New York, poetry for the Century and the Atlantic Monthly : and at the Norumbega celebra- tion at Watertown, November 21, 1889, he deliv- ered a long poem on Vinland, which has been commented upon in the New York Critic and else- where as an important contribution to literature. Mr. Clement has been a member of the Papyrus Club and of several benevolent societies of Boston. He was one of the founders of the St. Botolph Club, and proposed the name it adopted, since which American revival of the name of the old English Boston's patron saint it has been attached to a street here, and been perpetuated in many other connections. In 1870 he received the honorary degree of A.M. from Tufts. He was married December 23, 1869, in New York City, to Miss Gertrude Pound, daughter of the church organist, John Pound. They have three children : two sons, educated at Harvard, and a daughter. In MEN OF I'ROCRESS. 1893 jNIr. Clement establiblied his home at Corey Hill, Brookline. CODMAN, Colonel Charles Russell, eldest son of Charles Russell and Anne (Macmaster) Codman, was born in Paris, France, October 28, 1829, while his parents were passing a season abroad. On his father's side he is of early New England stock, the Codman family having been identified with Charlestown and Boston since 1640, and descended from Edward and Mary Winslow of the ''Mayflower" company; and, on his mother's side, he is of Scotch origin through her father, and of New York Dutch descent through her mother, from the Dey and Van Buskirk families. His father was a Boston merchant; and his grand- father, the Hon. John Codman, laid the founda- tion of the family fortune. His paternal grand- mother was a daughter of the Hon. James Russell, of Charlestown. He was educated in Boston pri- vate schools, in the late Rev. William A. Muhlen- berg's school near Flushing, L.I., where he spent three years, and at Harvard College, graduating from the latter in the class of 1849. Subse- quently he studied law in the Boston oflfice of the late Charles G. Loring, and in 1852 was admitted to the Suffolk bar. He practised, however, but a short time, early engaging in general business. During the Civil War he served as colonel of the Forty-fifth Massachusetts Regiment, having previ- ously been lieutenant and captain in the Boston Cadets. He served in North Carolina with the Eighteenth Army Corps, and was in several battles, including those of Kinston and White Hall, N.C., December 14 and 16, 1862, and in a number of skirmishes. He began public life as a member of the Boston School Committee in 1861 and 1862. Then in 1864, after his return from service in the field, he was sent to the State Senate from a Boston district, and the following year returned ; and later on he served four terms (from 1872 to 1875) in the lower house of the Legislature, taking a leading hand in legislation, and acting on important committees, the last two terms as chairman of the committee on the judi- ciary. In 1878 he was the Republican candidate for mayor of Boston, and, although defeated, gave his Democratic competitor (Mayor Prince) a close run. In 1890 he stood for Congress as an Inde- pendent Democrat in the First District, a Repub- lican stronghold, making a spirited and earnest canvass on tariff and other reform issues, which resulted in a marked decrease in the Republican plurality. In his political convictions he has always been independent. Beginning active life as a \\'hig, he gave his support to the Republican party in its early days, joining it in 1856, when resistance to the slave power seemed to him a duty. In 1884, in common with others who had been conspicuous as Republican leaders, he re- fused to support Mr. Blaine for the presidency, and, withdrawing from the organization, took a leading part in the Independent, or so-called CHARLES R. CODMAN. " Mugwump," movement in support of Mr. Cleve- land. Subsequently, when the Democratic party took position for liberal tariff legislation, and the Republican party adopted the high protection policy, he entered into full fellowship with the former organization, advocating its principles with his able pen and eloquent voice. He has also long been identified with the cause of civil service reform, and was among its earliest advocates. In 1880 and 1881, and again from 1887 to 1890, Colonel Codman was president of the Board of Overseers of Harvard University, to which he was first elected in 1S78. He is president of the Massachusetts State Homoeopathic Hospital and of the Boston Provident Association, and trustee MEN OF PROGRESS. of the State Insane Asylum in Westborough. He is a member of the Massachusetts Historical So- ciety and of the Union and Massachusetts Reform clubs, president of the latter. He was married at Walton-on-Thames, England, February 28, 1856, to Miss Lucy Lyman Paine Sturgis, daugh- ter of the late Russell Sturgis of Boston, and afterwards of the firm of Baring Brothers & Co., London. They have three sons and two daugh- ters living : Russell Sturgis, Anne Macmaster, Susan NN'elles, John Sturgis, and Julian Codman. Since 1855 Colonel Codman's principal residence has been in Cotuit, Barnstable ; his winter resi- dence, in Boston. CORCORAN, John William, member of the Suffolk bar and ex-justice of the Superior Court, is a native of New York State, born in Batavia, June 14, 1853,' son of James and Catherine (Don- nelly) Corcoran. His parents had moved to Batavia from Clinton, this State, not long before his birth ; but, when he was a child three months old, the family returned to Clinton, and that town JOHN W. CORCORAN. has since been his home. He attended the Clin- ton public schools and pursued his collegiate studies at Holy Cross College, Worcester, and at St. John University, Fordham, N.Y., which con- ferred the degree of LL.D. upon him June 21, 1893. Subsequently he entered the Boston U^ni- versity Law School, and, graduating therefrom in 187^, was at once admitted to the bar. He began practice in Clinton at first alone, but soon formed a copartnership with Herbert Parker, under the firm name of Corcoran &: Parker, which relation continued a number of years. In 1883 he was made town solicitor, the office that year created, which he occupied until June, 1892, then resigning it to go upon the bench. The same year (1883) and again in 1884 he was candidate for district attorney of ^^'orcester County, but failed of elec- tion. In 1 886 he was nominated for attorney- general on the Democratic State ticket, and re- nominated in 1887 ; in 1888, 1889, 1890, and 1 89 1 was Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor, in the three years last named running ahead of all the other candidates except the head of the ticket ; in 1891 and part of 1892 was judge advocate-general on Governor Russell's staff; and in May, 1892, was made associate justice of the Superior Court by appointment of Governor Russell. The latter position he occupied, alily meeting its requirements, until November 22, 1893, when he resigned to return to practice, re- tiring with the esteem of his associates on the bench and a heightened reputation. Since 1889 he has had an office in Boston as well as in Clin- ton, and upon his retirement from the bench he took up the business left by the Hon. P. A. Col- lins, made consul-general at London by President Cleveland in the spring of 1893. In his practice he has given especial attention to corporation and business matters. In January, 1886, he was ap- pointed by the Comptroller of the United States receiver of the Lancaster National Bank in Clin- ton, whose president had absconded, leaving the concern burdened with worthless paper ; and he so managed the trust that the creditors received one hundred and nine per cent., in full of their claims, including interest, the first dividend, of fifty per cent., being declared si.x months after it came into his hands. Mr. Corcoran became active in State politics early in his career. In 1880 he was a candidate for State senator from his district ; he was a member of the Democratic State Committee from 1883 until his appointment to the bench in 1892, when he resigned; in 1891-92 was chairman of that body : and he was delegate to the National Democratic conventions of 1884, 1888, and 1892, in that of 1888 acting MEN OF PROGRESS. as chairman of the Massachusetts delegation, and that successful and useful institution. In 1873 in that of 1892 a delegate at large for Massachu- and 1874 he was a member of the Massachusetts setts, receiving the largest vote. In his town of House of Representatives, serving both years as Clinton he has been for eighteen years a mem- chairman of the connnittee on bills in the third ber of the School Board, for the last ten years its chairman ; a member of the Board of Water Com- missioners since its organization in 1881, some time its secretary and treasurer and chairman ; and president of the Board of Trade two terms (1886-87). He is a member of the Algonquin. Papyrus, and Clover clubs of Boston (president of the latter) ; a member and vice-president of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts: and he was chairman of the Massachusetts Board of Managers of the ^\'ork^s Columbian Exposi- tion in 1893. Judge Corcoran was married in Boston, April 28, 1881, to Miss Margaret J. McDonald, daughter of Patrick and Mary Mc- Donald. They have two daughters and one son : Mary Gertrude, Alice, and John Corcoran. CROCKKR, Georoe Glover, president of the State Senate in 1883, and subsequently chairman of the Board of Railroad Commissioners, is a na- tive of Boston, born December 15, 1843, son of Uriel and Sarah Kidder (Haskell) Crocker. On the paternal side his direct ancestor in the seventh generation was William Crocker, who about the year 1634 came to this country from Devonshire, England, and who married in Scituate in 1636, and with his wife, Alice, moved to Barnstable in 1639. His father's mother's mother was daugh- ter of Colonel Jonathan Glover of Marblehead, of Revolutionary fame, the brother of General John Glover, whose statue is in Commonwealth Avenue, Boston. On his mother's side his ancestry is traced also in the seventh generation to \\'illiam Haskell, who came from England to Beverly in 1632. G. G. Crocker was educated in Boston private schools, the public Latin School, where he took a Franklin medal, and at Harvard, gradu- ating therefrom in the class of 1864. He studied law in the Harvard Law School, receiving the degree of LL.B. in 1866. In 1867 he received the degree of A.M. Admitted to the Suffolk bar in July of that year, he began the practice of his profession in association with his brother, Uriel H. Crocker, devoting his attention principally to conveyancing. In 1868 he joined with others in re-establishing the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, and for nine years served as a director of GEO. G. CROCKER. reading. In 1S74 he was also chairman on the part of the House of the joint committee on the liquor law, and a member of the committee on rules and orders. In the autumn of 1874 he was the Republican candidate for senator in the Third Suffolk District, but was defeated by his Democratic competitor. In the summer of 1877 he was chosen secretary of the Republican State Committee ; and this position he held two years, in the second of which was carried on one of the hottest of Massachusett's campaigns. General Butler, as the candidate of the Democrats and Greenbackers, made a most determined and confi- dent fight for the governorship ; but the Repub- lican candidate, Thomas Talbot, was elected by a plurality of over twenty-five thousand. In 1877, Mr. Crocker helped to promote the organization of the "Young Republicans," and two years later was made its chairman. In 1879 he was elected to the Senate. His service there, through re- peated elections, covered four terms (1880-83). The first year he was chairman of the committee on railroads and a member of the committees on the judiciary and on rules and orders. The 32 MEN OF PROGRESS. second year he was chairman of the committees on railroads and on rules and orders ; and he was a member of the committee on the judiciarj-, and of the joint special committee on the revi- sion of the Statutes. He prepared the rules which the latter committee adopted to govern its sessions. The third year he was chairman of the committees on the judiciary and on rules and orders, and a member of the bills in the third reading and State House committees. The fourth year he was president of the Senate. During his third term he prepared a " Digest of the Rulings of the Presiding Officers of the Senate and House," covering a period of fifty years, which has since formed a part of the " An- nual Manual for the General Court." The ses- sion of 1883, when he was president, was the longest on record, the Legislature sitting two hun- dred and six days. It was the year when General Butler was governor, and the Tewksbury Alms- house investigation was the chief cause of the length of the session. In 1887 Mr. Crocker was appointed by Governor .Ames a member of the Board of Railroad Commissioners, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of the Hon. Thomas Russell ; and his associates elected him chairman of the board. In 1888 he was reappointed for the term of three years. At the expiration of this term, in July, 189 1, the Hon. Chauncey Smith was nominated for the position by Governor Rus- sell; but the Executive Council, by a vote of seven to one (seven Republicans to one Demo- crat), refused to confirm the nomination, and, as the governor made no other, Mr. Crocker contin- ued in office until January, 1892, when, the an- nual report of the board for the previous year having been completed, he resigned. In 1889 he was appointed by Mayor Hart chairman of a commission of three to examine the tax system in force in Boston, and report a more equitable one, if such could be devised. In March, 1891, this commission reported at length, recommend- ing, among other changes, that municipal bonds should be released from taxation, and that the many forms of double taxation should be abol- ished. Mr. Crocker published in 1889 (New- York: G. P. Putnam's Sons) a parliamentary manual, entitled "Principles of Procedure in De- liberative Bodies." In conjunction with his brother, I'riel H. Crocker, he also prepared the "Notes on the General Statutes," the first edition of which was published in 1869. A second edi- tion was published in 1875, and an enlarged edi- tion, " Notes on the Public Statutes," was brought out simultaneously with the publication of the revision of the Statutes in 1882. He is an officer of various business corporations, and is connected with a number of philanthropic organ- izations, — a life member of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, of the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society (president 1890, 1891), of the Massachusetts Charitable Society (treas- urer 188 1-), trustee of the Boston Lying-in Hos- pital (1881-), and a member of the Young Men's Benevolent Society. He is also a mem- ber of the Republican Club of Massachusetts (president 1894), of the Citizens' Association of Boston, the Boston Civil Service Reform Associa- tion, the Society for Political Education, the Bos- ton Memorial Association, the Bostonian Society, the Bar Association of Boston, the Harvard Law- School Association, the Boston Athletic Associa- tion, the Beacon Society; and of the LTnion, St. Botolph, Algonquin, Country, New Riding, Union Boat, and Papyrus clubs. Mr. Crocker was mar- ried on June 19, 1875, in Boston, to Miss Annie Bliss Keep, daughter of Dr. Nathan Cooley and Susan Prentiss (Haskell) Keep. They have five children : (leorge Glover, Jr., Margaret, Courte- nay, Muriel, and Lyneham Crocker. CROCKER, Uriel, was the head of the old established Boston printing and publishing house of Crocker & Brewster during its long and honor- able career, covering a period of fifty-eight years (1818-1876); and he was prominent in early rail- road and other enterprises. He was born in Marblehead, September 13, 1796, and died at Cohasset, at the summer residence of his son George G., on July 19, 1887, in his ninety-first year. His partner, Osmyn Brewster, died about two years later, at the age of nearly ninety-two. In 1868 the firm celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the formation of their partnership, and in 1886 the seventy-fifth anniversary of their first meeting as apprentices in 181 1. Mr. Crocker's father, also Uriel (born in 1768;, his grandfather, Josiah Crocker (born 1744), and his great-grandfather, Cornelius Crocker (born 1704), were all natives of Barnstable, the latter being the great-grandson of William and .Mice Crocker, who were married in Scituate in 1636, and moved to Barnstable in 1639, and were the ancestors of the numerous MEN OF I'KOGRESS. C'rockers who, originating on Cape Cod, have scattered throughout the country. Cornelius Crocker was a man of importance, and the owner of considerable property in Barnstable. Josiah, his son, was a graduate of Harvard Col- lege (1765) and a schoolmaster in liarnstable. Uriel, Josiah"s son, came up to Boston, when a young man, to learn the trade of a hatter, and went to Marblehead to live, where he married his first wife, who died within a year after marriage. The subject of this sketch was one of eight chil- URIEL CROCKER. dren by Uriel Crocker's second wife, Mary James, daughter and only child of Captain Richard James of Marblehead, and Mary, his wife, daughter of Colonel Jonathan Glover, a colonel in the State militia, and brother of General John Glover. Uriel Crocker, 2d, graduated from the academy at Marblehead in August, 181 1, as first scholar: and in the month following, on the day after he was fifteen years old. he began work in Boston as an apprentice in the printing-office of Samuel T. Armstrong (afterwards mayor of Boston and act- ing governor of the Commonwealth), who also carried on a bookselling business. At nineteen he was made foreman of the printing-office, and at twenty-two was, with his fellow-apprentice. O.smyn Brewster, taken into partnership, the agree- ment being that the bookstore was to be con- dut:ted in the name of Mr. .\rmstrong, and the printing-office in that of Crocker & Brewster. After 1825 the entire business was carried on under the name of Crocker iS: Brewster ( Mr. .Arm- strong, however, continuing a member of the firm until 1840), the printing-oftice being in Mr. Crocker's especial charge, and the bookstore in that of Mr. Brewster. In 182 1 a branch of the business was established in New York, which five and a half years later, being sold to Daniel Apple- ton and Jonathan Leavitt, became the foundation of the present house of I). Appleton & Sons. The business of Crocker & Brewster in Boston was for nearly half a century established in the building to which Mr. Crocker first went as an apprentice (the estate now numbered 173 and 175 Washing- ton Street). In 1864 it was moved to the adjoining building, where it remained until 1876, when the firm relinquished active business, selling their stereotype plates, copyrights, and book stock to H. O. Houghton iV' Co. The partnership, how- ever, continued until it was dissolved by the death of Mr. Crocker. The books published by the firm were many and important, largely standard and educational works. One of the principal of them was Scott's Family Bible in si,x royal octavo volumes, which was the first large work that was stereotyped in this country, and of which from twenty to thirty thousand copies — a large number for those days — were sold. In speaking of the publications of the firm at the fiftieth anniversary of its formation, Mr. Crocker said. "It is pleasant for an old printer, when thinking of the many millions of pages which have issued from his press, to know that there is ' Not one immoral, one corrupting tliouglit, No line which, dying, he would wish to blot ! '" The firm introduced in Boston the first iron lever printing-press, and they printed from the first power press in Boston. Mr. Crocker was one of the organizers of the Old Colony Railroad Com- pany, a director from 1844 to 1850, and again from 1863 till his death. He was a director of the Northern (N.H.) Railroad Company from 1854 till his death ; director of the Concord Railroad from 1S46 to 1866; director of the Atlantic & Pacific Railroad from 1868 to 1874, vice-president from 1870 to 1873, and president in 1874; director of the South Pacific Railroad in 1870; and director 34 MEN OF I'ROGRESS. of the St. Louis iS: San Francisco Railroad in 1877. He was president and director of the " Proprietors of the Revere House," Boston, from 1855 till his death; director of the United States Hotel Company from 1848 till his death, and president from 1863 till his death; director of the South Cove Corporation from 1840, and president from 1849 till his death ; president and director of the South Hay Improvement Company from 1877 till his death; and director of the Tremont Nail Company from 1858 to 1879, and president from 1872 to 1879. He was a leader in the movement for the erection of the Bunker Hill Monument, and throui;h his efforts the sum of forty thousand dollars was raised for the fund. He was director of the Monument Association from 1833 till 1869, and vice-president from 1869 till his death, declining to accept the position of president. He was a member of the Massachu- setts Charitable Mechanic Association for sixty- three years, having been treasurer from 1S33 to 1841 ; a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society for thirtj'-seven years, having been vice-president in 1874 and 1S75. and president in 1876 and 1877 ; of the Massachusetts Charitable Society for sixty-three years, having been presi- dent in 1858 and treasurer from 1859 to 188 1 ; of a "Republican Institution" for thirty-nine years, having been director, vice-president, and presi- dent; of the Board of Managers of the Boston Dispensary from 1838 till his death; a trustee of Mount Auburn Cemetery from 1856 to 1S65; a member of the standing committee of the Old South Society from 1836 to 1857, and chairman of the committee from 1848 to 1856. He was also one of the original corporators of the Frank- lin Savings Bank of the City of Boston ; an over- seer of the Boston House of Correction; a trustee of the Boston Lying-in Hospital; and a member of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, and of the Bostonian Society. The honorary degree of A.M. was conferred upon him by Dartmouth College in 1866. He was married in 1829 to Miss Sarah Kidder Haskell, a daughter of Elias Haskell of Boston, known during the later years of his life as " Deacon Haskell," having been for nearly forty years a deacon of the West Church. Mrs. Crocker died January 16, 1856, at the age of fifty years. Their children were Uriel Haskell Crocker, Sarah Haskell Crocker, and George Glover Crocker. CROCKER, L'kiKL Haskell, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, December 24. 1832, son of Uriel and Sarah Kidder (Haskellj Crocker. [For ancestry, see Crocker, George G., URIEL H. CROCKER. and Crocker, Uriel.] His early education was acquired in the private schools of Miss Jennison and of Thompson Kidder. Then he attended the Boston Public Latin School, where he was fitted for college, and, entering Harvard, graduated in the class of 1853. After graduation he studied law in the Dane (Harvard) Law School for two years, then for one year in the office of Sidney Bartlett in Boston. He was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County in 1856, and since then has been engaged in practice as a lawyer, chiefly as a conveyancer. He is the author of two legal books, "Notes on Common F'orms " and "Notes on the Public Statutes of Massachusetts." He has also published several pamphlets on subjects connected with political economy, their chief object having been to refute the doctrine of the impossibility of general overproduction, as taught by John Stuart Mill, and maintained by economists since his time, and to show that saving, though it has in the past been productive of great benefit to mankind, may, when carried to an extreme, be productive of disastrous re- MEN OF PROGRESS. 35 suits. The principal of these pamphlets are entitled " Excessive Saving a Cause of Commer- cial Distress," published in 1884, and "Overpro- duction and Commercial Distress," published in 1887. In the early years of the agitation for the establishment of a public park for Boston (1869 to 1875) Mr. Crocker was very active and prom- inent in advocating that measure. He was a mem- ber of the Boston Common Council in 1874-75- 76-77 and 78, and was one of the commissioners to revise the Statutes of Massachusetts in 188 1. He is a member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, the Bunker Hill Monument Association, the Massachusetts Charitable Society, the Massa- chusetts Charitable Fire Society, " A Republican Institution," and of the Union, St. Botolph, Country, New Riding, and L'nitarian clubs. He has been clerk, treasurer, and director of the South Cove Company, director and president of the United States Hotel Company, clerk, treas- urer, and director of the " Proprietors of the Revere House," director of the Northern (N.H.) Railroad, chairman of the standing committee of the West Church, treasurer of the Boston Civil Service Reform Association, member of the gen- eral committee of the Citizens' Association of Boston, president of the Boston I.ying-In Hos- pital, and member of the board of managers of the Home for Aged Women. He was first mar- ried, January 15, 1861, to Miss Clara G. Ballard, daughter of Joseph Ballard of Boston, by whom were three sons : George Uriel, Joseph Ballard, and Edgar. She died May 14, 1891. On April 29, T893, he was married to Miss Annie J. Fitz, his present wife. made the first clearing in Sunnier, Me., taking up bounty lands assigned to him and his father. Prentiss Cummings's early education was acquired in the common schools, and he fitted for col- lege at Phillips (Exeter) Academy. He entered Harvard in the class of 1864. Immediately after graduation he became master of the High School of Portland, Me. Here he remained but a few months, however, soon entering the oflice of Nathan Webb, afterward Judge Webb of the United States District Court, and beginning the study of law. The next year he attended the Harvard Law School, holding also, after Thanks- giving, the ofiice of proctor in the college. In October, 18G6, he received the appointment of tutor in Latin in Harvard Lhiiversity ; and this position he held until March, 1870. Then, re- signing, he resumed his law studies ; and on the 3d of May, the following year, he was admitted to the bar. He established himself in Boston, and began at once the practice of his profession. In September, 1874, he was appointed first as- sistant LTnited States attorney, which post he CIM. MINGS, Prkn'tiss, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of Maine, born in Sumner, September 10, 1840, son of Whitney and Mary Hart (Prentiss) Cummings. This branch of the Cummings family was of Scotch origin, and de- scended from Isaac Cummings, who settled in Topsfield about 1632. Captain Oliver Cummings, of Dunstable, Mass., was grandfather, and his son Oliver, the father of Whitney. Mary Hart Prentiss was grand-daughter of the Rev. Caleb Prentiss and of Dr. John Hart, of South Read- ing (now Wakefield). Every male ancestor of occupied seven years, finally resigning it to the subject of this sketch, of such age as to ren- resume general practice. In 1881, 1882, and der it possible, took an active part in the war of 18S3 he was member of the Boston Common the Revolution; and Prentiss's grandfather Oliver Council, and in 18S4 and 1885 he represented a PRENTISS CUMMINGS. 36 MEN OF I'KOGRESS. Eoston district in tlic lower iiouse of tiie Legisla- ture, being a member of the committees on the judiciary, on taxation, and on woman suffrage. In 1885 he became president of the Cambridge Railroad Company, and held that position until all the Boston street railways were consolidated under the name of the \\'est End Company in November, 1887, when he was made vice-presi- dent of the latter company, which position he still holds. He is a member of the Society of the Cincinnati, succeeding his great-grandfather. Dr. John Hart, who was surgeon (rank lieutenant colonel) of Prescott's regiment, and afterwards of the Second Massachusetts ; is president of the fioston Chess Club, and has been a member of the Union and other clubs. Mr. Cummings was married February 25, 1880, at ISuckfiekl, Me., to Miss Annie Delena Snow, daughter of Alonzo and Priscilla (Weeks) Snow, of Cambridge. They have no children. 1).\MRELL, John Sianhope. inspector of buildings of tlie citv of Boston, was liorn in the JOHN S. DAMRELL. North End of Boston, June 29, 1828, son of Samuel and Ann (Stanhope) Damrell. He was educated in Boston and Cambridge public schools, working during the summers on a farm in Haverhill. Obliged to leave school early, he was apprenticed at fourteen years of age to Isaac Melvin, of Cambridge, to learn the carpenter's trade. After serving four years as a "prentice, he came to Boston, and hired out as a journeyman, but was soon made foreman for U. P. Gross, car- penter and builder in the city. In 1S56 he began work as a master-builder. Ten years later he formed a partnership with James Long, under the tirm name of Damrell Ov Long, which continued until 1874. For twenty-eight years he was con- nected with the Boston fire department, follow- ing in the footsteps of his father, first as a mem- ber of " Hero Engine Company No. 6," then established on Derne Street, at the corner of Tem- ple .Street. When, upon the demolition of the engine-house to make way for the great granite Beacon Hill Reservoir in 1849 (which occupied the site now covered by the State House Ex- tension till 1885) the company disbanded, he be- came a member of " City Hose," then on Treniont Street. In i860 he joined "Cataract Engine Company No. 4," at that time housed on River Street, passing in this company through all tlie grades of official position. When serving in the capacity of foreman, he was elected to the Com- mon Council from Ward 6. The following year he was chosen assistant engineer. He served in this position until 1866, when he became chief engineer : and he continued at the head from that time to 1874, when the department was reorgan- ized, and placed under a commission. He has held his present position as chief of the city de- partment of inspection of buildings since 1877. During his long and conspicuous service as an en- gineer in the fire department he was connected officially with numerous organizations. He w'as the first president of the Massachusetts State Firemen's Association ; has served long terms as president of the Firemen's Charitable Associa- tion, of the Boston Firemen's Mutual Relief Asso- ciation, of the Boston Veteran Firemen's Associa- tion, and of the Boston Firemen's Cemetery Asso- ciation ; and is to-day actively connected with these and kindred organizations. While at the head of the Boston fire department, he was a close student of the science of the e.xtinguishment of fires, and was an earnest advocate of advanced theories and methods, which the city was slow to adopt until after the experience of the " Great Fire" of 1872. At the convention of chief engi- MEN OF PROGRESS. 37 neers in Baltimore in 1874, called in consequence of the sweeping and disastrous conflagrations in the cities of Portland, Chicago, and lioston, he was unanimously elected president of that body, and took a leading part in its proceedings. Mr. Damrell was also for many years connected with the State militia, serving as lieutenant of the old Mechanic RiHes of Boston. He has been a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company for more than twenty years, and is now an honorary member of tlie National Lancers. He was also a member of the Fusiliers. During the Civil War he performed substantial service, under Governor Andrew and Mayor Lincoln, in tilling the quota of men allotted to Boston. At that time he was chairman of the committee of twenty of Ward Six. He is a Mason of the thirty- second degree, a member of the Knights of Honor, member of the Royal Arcanum, of the ( )dd Fellows, and of the Good Templars ; and he has been president of the supreme parliament of the Golden Rule Alliance since its organiza- tion. For the past seventeen years he has been trustee of the Massachusetts School for the Feeble-Minded. His church connections are with the Methodist Episcopal denomination, and he has served for twenty-five consecutive years as super- intendent of a Sunday-school. In 1891 he was elected president of the National Association of Commissioners and Inspectors of Public Build- ings, and re-elected at the convention of the asso- ciation held in Boston in 1894. Mr. Damrell was married April 11, 1850, at Cambridge, to Miss .Susan Emily Hill, daughter of John and .Susan (^Snelling) Hill. They ha\e had fi\e children : Eliza Ann, John E. S., Carrie M., Charles S., and Susan Emily Damrell, of whom only the two sons are now living. two years on probation at l''rederick City, Md. Thereafter he devoted some time to a further study of the classics; and from 1863 to 1869 he DEVll T, Rkv. Edward I(;N..\Trtrs, S. J., presi- dent of Boston College, is a native of Boston, born December 13, 1841, son of George Devitt, of County Tipperary, Ireland, who emigrated to America in 1830. His education was begun in Boston public schools, and completed in Catholic colleges. He was a Franklin medal scholar of the Eliot Grammar School in 1854, and graduated from the English High in 1857. After a course of Latin and Greek in the College of the Holy Cross at Worcester, he entered the Society- of Jesus early in 1859, and then spent tiie customary E. I. DEVITT. taught in Gonzaga College, Washington, D.C. Tile following seven years were spent at the Col- lege of the Sacred Heart, Woodstock, Md., three of which he gave to the study of philosophy and four to theology. He was ordained in 1875 by the Most Rev. James R. Bayley, archbishop of Baltimore. Having completed the regular course of studies required by the Institute of the Society, he returned to Holy Cross, Worcester, as pro- fessor of rhetoric. The following year he was also a lecturer on philosophy in the same institu- tion. In 1879 he was appointed to the chair of philosophy in the College of the Sacred Heart, where he had made his principal study (jf this branch. After four years in this professorship he went to Georgetown University, and there also lectured on philosophy. Two years later he re- turned to Woodstock College, being appointed to the chair of theology, which had been held by Father Camillus Mazzella, afterward elevated to the rank of cardinal. In 1888 he again returned to Holy Cross, this time as professor of jihiloso- phy ; and in 1891 he was appointed to his present position at the head of Boston College. The 38 MEN OF PROGRESS. president of Boston College is also, by virtue of his office, rector of the adjoining Church of the Immaculate Conception and president of the Young; Men's Catholic Association. DICKINSON, M.XKi^iuis Favette, Jr., member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Amherst, born January i6, 1840, son of Marquis F. and Hannah (\Mlliams) Dickinson. His paternal ancestor in the eighth generation was Nathaniel Dickinson, one of the early settlers of Wethersfield, Conn., who twenty-three years later became one of the original " adventurers " who settled the town of M. F. DICKINSON. Jr. Hadley in 1658. Two of his sons were killed in King Philip's War, and a third was carried into captivity. The great-grandfather of Mr. Dickin- son was Nathaniel Dickinson, Jr., of Amherst, who was graduated from Harvard in 177 1, being the first boy from Amherst who went to college. He studied law at Northampton under Major Joseph Hawley, the distinguished Revolutionary leader, was admitted to the bar in 1774, and prac- tised at Amherst until his death in iSoo. He was prominent in Revolutionary politics, chairman of the Amherst Committee of Correspondence, and a member of several of the Provincial Con- gresses. Three of Mr. Dickinson's ancestors served in the Revolutionary army. His early education was obtained in the common schools of his native town and in Amherst and Monson academies. He was fitted for college in the famous \\'illiston Seminary at Easthampton. Craduating from Williston in the class of 1858, he entered Amherst College the same year, and graduated therefrom in 1862, having one of the three highest of the Commencement appoint- ments. Three years were next spent as a teacher of classics at Williston .(1862-65) ; and then he took up the study of law, first in the office of Wells & Soule in Springfield, and afterwards at the Harvard Law School (1866-67) and with the late Ceorge S. Hillard, of Boston. Admitted to the bar in 186S, he began practice in Boston. In 1869 he was appointed assistant United States attorney, which position he held for two years. In 1S71 he formed a law partnership with Mr. Hillard and Henry D. Hyde, his college mate, under the firm name of Hillard, Hyde & Dick- inson, whicii continued till the death of Mr. Hil- lard, when it became Hyde, Dickinson & Howe (Mr. Howe having been admitted in 1879). In 1871 he became a lecturer on law as applied to rural affairs, in the State Agricultural College at Amherst, puljlished a pamphlet on "Legislation cm the Hours of Labor," became a member of the lioston Common Council, and by appoint- ment of Mayor Ciaston a trustee of the Boston I'ulilic Lil)rary. The ne.xt year, returned to the Common Council, he was made president of that body. Then he retired from public service, and, with the exception of his law lectures at the Am- lierst Agricultural, which continued until 1877, he has devoted himself exclusively to his profession, early entering upon an important and lucrative practice. He has had charge of an unusually large number of important assignments made by merchants for the benefit of creditors, and in this line of practice is recognized as one of the most successful men at the Boston bar. .\t present he is almost constantly engaged in the trial of tort cases, particularly for the West End Street Rail- way Company. Since 1872 Mr. Dickinson has been a trustee of \\'illiston Seminary, and since 1877 one of the overseers of the charity fund of .Amherst College. In 1876, by invitation of the town of Amherst, he delivered the " Amherst Centennial Address," which was afterwards pub- lished in pamphlet form. Mr. Dickinson was MEN OF PROGRESS. 39 married November 23, 1864, at Easthampton. to Miss Cecilia R. Williston, adopted daughter of Samuel and Emily (Graves) Williston. They have had three children : Williston, Charles, and Florence Dickinson, — but one of whom, Charles, is now living. They have an adopted daughter, Jennie Couden Dickinson, daughter of a deceased sister of Mr. Dickinson. Mr. Dickinson's winter residence is Brookline. In summer he lives on the Jerusalem Road, North Cohasset. DODGE, James H.-^le, city auditor, Boston, was born in South Boston, September 22, 1845. JAMES H. DODGE. son of the late William Bradford and Mary Smith (Leavitt) Dodge. He was educated in the public schools, graduating from the Latin School in 1862. He entered the service of the city, in the department of which he is now the head, at the age of twenty-two, after an experience of three or four years in general business, most of that time in the house of Hodges & Silsbee, manufacturers of chemicals, and has remained in that depart- ment ever since. Beginning in 1867 as junior clerk to the city auditor, in 1873 he was made chief clerk of the office, and in 18S1 became audi- tor, succeeding Alfred T. Turner, tiial \ear made city treasurer. Since 1881, also, he has been secretary of the board of commissioners of the sinking funds for the payment or redemption of the city debt. It is the lot of but few in public life to witness the growth of public business and at the same time to be intimately connected with it for so long a period as he has served. The census of 1865 of the city of Boston, comprising only what was known as the city proper. East Bos- ton, and South Boston, showed a population of only 192,318: in 1890 the Boston of 1865, with its additions of Roxbury, Dorchester, West Rox- bury, Brighton, and Charlestown, showed a popu- lation of 448,477, of which 59r'o per cent, were in the city of 1865. In the financial year of 1866-67 the payments through the auditor's office were $4,660,533.62: in 1893-94 they were $34,712,- 018.23. The valuation of 1865 was $415,362,- 345 : the valuation of 1893, $924,093,751. Mr. Dodge is a member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, and of the American So- ciety of Biblical Literature and Exegesis. For several years he has been clerk of the Central Congregational Church of Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury District. He was married October 8, 1867, to Julia M. Read, daughter of the late Nelson S. and Hannah (Heals) Read. There have been born to them se\-en children, of whom but three boys survive : \\'illiam B., J. Herbert, and Edgar R. Dodge. DODGE, Colonel Theodore Avrault, of the United States army, was born in Pittsfield, May 28, 1842, of old New England stock, tracing his descent to several ancestors who came over with the first settlers. His father was N. S. Dodge, the well-known writer, and his mother Emily Pomeroy. Sent abroad at ten years old, he was at school in Belgium, received a thorough military education in Berlin, studied at Heidel- berg, and was graduated at the University of London in i860. He is also an LL.B. of Colum- bian University. On the outbreak of the Ci\il War young Dodge returned home, enlisted, and served in every rank from private to the command of a regiment. \\"ith the Third and Eleventh Corps he went through all the battles of the Army of the Potomac from Fair Oaks on, and was wounded at Manassas and at Chantilly, and lost a leg at Gettysburg. At Manassas his regiment, the One Hundred and First New York Volun- 40 MEN OF PROGRESS. teers, lost the third highest percentage in killed, wounded, and missing in one engagement of any regiment during the war, — seventy-four per cent. Being ordered to duty in the war department on recovery from his last wound, t'olonel Dodge was given a commission in the regular army, received four brevets for gallant service, and was finally placed on the retired list for wounds received in the line of duty. Colonel Dodge has devoted the leisure thus earned to literature. He has lectured at the Lowell Institute, Boston, and at Harvard. He has been a constant contributor to magazine literature for many years, and has, up to 1894, pub- lished the following eleven volumes, not counting parts of several others, all of which have been received at home and abroad with e.xceptional fa\-or, namely : " The Campaign of Chancellors- ville," '"A Bird's-eye Mew of Our Civil War," " I'atroclus and Penelope : a Chat in the Saddle," "Creat Captains," '-Alexander" (two volumes), "Hannibal" (two volumes), " Ca-sar " (two vol- umes, and " Riders of Many Lands." It has fallen to Colonel Dodge's lot to travel extensively. the Great Captains, it has been his haljit to pass over the ground covered bv their campaigns, and to make his own sketches of battlefields. In writing " Hannibal," he crossed and recrossed the .\lps a score of times, with Polybius in hand, to determine the route of the great Carthaginian : in writing "C.x-sar," he journeyed around the entire basin of the Mediterranean ; and he has been able to correct many errors which, from unfamiliarity with the topography, have crept into history. Colonel Dodge is now occupied with Gustavus, Frederick, and Napoleon, whose biogra- phies will complete his "History of the .Art of \\'ar." He is a member of many military and historical societies, of the St. Botolph, Country, and Papyrus clubs of Boston, and has been presi- dent of the last. He has been a noted expert in horsemanship, but is perhaps better known as a military critic and historian. Colonel Dodge mar- ried in 1865 Miss Jane Marshall Neil, who died in 1 88 1, and by whom he had five children. Three now survive : Robert Elkin Neil, Theodora, and Jane Marshall Dodge. In 1892 he married Miss Clara Isabel Bow'den, who has been his collabora- tor in most of his books. He resided for many years in lirookline. ELDER, S-AMUEL James, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of Rhode Island and a gradu- ate of Yale ; but his early education and prepara- tion for college were obtained in Massachusetts, and here he has practised his profession. He was born in the village of Hope, R.I., January 4, 1850, son of James and Deborah Dunbar (Keene) Elder. He is a lineal descendant of Robert Elder, eldest son of Robert Elder, of Cameronian de- scent, who emigrated from Scotland, and settled at Pa.xtang (now Harrisburg, Penna.,) in 1730, and brother of the Rev. John Elder, minister at Pa.x- tang for fift\'-six years, who in the French and Indian War commanded the defences from the Easton to the Susquehanna, with rank of colonel from the Provincial authorities, and, when up- wards of seventy years of age, raised a company one Sunday morning in church which joined Washington during the disastrous retreat through New Jersey. On his mother's side he is de- He has crossed the .Atlantic over thirty times, is scended from Jacob Keene, who settled at Thom- familiar with every part of Europe, has repeatedly aston, Me., about 1780. His father was a native gone through the ( )rient, and has once circum- of Baltimore, Md. He attended the pulilic navigated the globe. In wri'ting his histories of schools of Lawrence, Mass., and there fitted for THEO. A. DODGE. MEN OF PROCRKSS. 41 collet^e. He ijraduatL'd from Vale in the class of tions), Papyrus, ("urtis (prcsiduut), Middlesex, 1873, and afterwards studied law in ISoston with and Taylor clubs of Boston, and Calumet of fohn H. Hardy, now associate justice of the \\'inchester (vice-president); and of the William municipal court of Boston. Admitted to the Suf- Parkman Lodge. Free Masons, of Winchester. He has done much after-dinner speaking, and has the reputation of being always ready and graceful in these efforts. His interest in college ath- letics is unflagging. Mr. Klder was married at Hastings-upon- Hudson, N.N'., May 10, 1876, to Miss Lilla Thomas, daughter of Cornelius W. and Margaret J. ( WyckolT) Thomas. They have two children: Margaret Munroe and Fanny Adele <>^,- .- - ^ ^^^ Elder. He has resided in Winchester since 1877. SAMUEL J. ELDER. folk bar in 1S75, he at once engaged actively in professional work. He is now associated with William C. Wait and Edmund A. \\'hitnian. under the Arm name of Elder, Wait, iv: \\'hitman. in the .Ames I'luilding. To copyriglit law he has given special attention, and he was selected to act with the International Copyright League before the United States Senate on the international copy- riglit bill. His principal work, however, is in jury trials in Suffolk and Middlesex Counties. In poli- tics Mr. Elder is Republican. He served one term in the lower house of the Legislature (1885), de- clining a re-election, as a representative of the Fourteenth Middlese.x; District (Winchester and .\rlington), being chairman of the committee on bills in the third reading and member of the com- mittee on ta.xation. He also declined a position on the Superior Court bench. Since 1891 he has been State commissioner on portraits of governors. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association (member of the council): of the \'ale Alumni Association (president in 1893); of the I'nion. University (member of the committee on elec- ERNST, George Alexander Otis, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. November 8, 1850. His father, Andrew H. Ernst, was a native of (Jermany; and his mother, Sarah (Otis) Ernst, was daughter of George Alex- ander Otis, well known in the early literary world of Boston. His education was begun in the Cincinnati private schools, and continued in the Mount Pleasant Military Academy. Sing-Sing. N.Y., and the Eliot High School in Jamaica Plain, where he was fitted for college. He en- tered Harvard, and graduated w'ith the class of 187 I. His law studies were pursued in the office of Ropes & Gray, Boston, for two years, then in the Harvard Law School, and later in the office of lames 1!. Richardson, now a justice of the Supe- rior Court. In his practice he has given much attention to corporation matters and to the laws relating to women. He was prominently men- tioned for the new judgeship of the Probate Court established by the Legislature in 1893. In this connection the Boston Transcript in an editorial note spoke of him as follows : '' Mr. Ernst is a man of high legal attainments, conservative, yet kindly, honorable, high-minded, and independent. He has made a special study of Massachusetts law in its bearing on the property rights of women, and his appointment would give great satisfaction both to the profession and the public. No nomination could be made which would cause more general satisfaction than that of Mr. Ernst, or confer more credit on the executive of the Commonwealth. It would be an ideal appoint- ment." In 1883 and 1884 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature, serving on im- portant committees, — as those on elections (of which he was chairman), street raihvaxs and rail- 42 MEN OF PROGRESS. roads, — and having an influential part in the legislation of the sessions, helping to frame the first civil service law passed in Massacluisetts. In 1880 he was at the Republican Xational Con- vention in Chicago as one of the committee repre- senting the Massachusetts \'oung Republicans to secure a civil service reform plank in the party platform. An ardent Republican, but with an independent spirit, he has been active in various reforms, notably that of woman suffrage, in which he is a warm belie\er. \\hile devoted to his pro- GEO. A. 0. ERNST. fession, he has given some time to literature, con- tributing to periodical publications and translating from the French. In 1879 he wrote for and won the first prize offered by the Boston Christian Union for an essay upon the "True Political In- terests of the Laboring Classes." He has pub- lished translations of two novels "The Widow Lerouge " (Boston, James R. Osgood & Co.) and "The Clique of Gold" (published as a serial in the Boston Courier). Three plays, " A Christmas Supper," "The Double \^'edding," and "Our Friends," have been produced at the Boston Mu- seum, in all of which the great comedian, William Warren, had leading parts. Mr. Ernst was mar- ried in Brooklyn, N.Y., on December 11, 1879, to Miss Jeanie C. Bvnner, sister of the late Edwin Lassetter Bynner, the novelist. They have two children : Roger and Sarah Otis Ernst. Their home is in Jamaica Plain, where Mr, Ernst has been for several years chairman of the standing committee of the l^nitarian church of which Rev. Charles F. Dole is pastor. FAXON, Henrv H.ardwick, of <,)uincy. emi- nent as an independent leader in the cause of Prohibition, is a native of Quincy, born Septem- ber 28, 1823, son of Job and Judith B. (Hardwick) Faxon. He is of an old New England family, a descendant in the eighth generation of 'i'homas Faxon, a man of substance, who came from Eng- land, with his wife, daughter, and two sons, some time previous to 1647, and settled in that part of Braintree now (,)uincy, where the familv has ever since lived. His father. Job Faxon, was an exten- sive farmer, and for many years owned and man- aged a stall in (Quincy Market, Boston, in connec- tion with his farm in (Quincy. He lived ninet)-- two years and ten months ; and it is related that ten days before he died he was in the field haying. Henry H. P'axon was the fourth of a family of seven children, six of whom reached adult estate. His boyhood was spent on the farm and in the country school ; and at sixteen he was appren- ticed to learn the shoemaker's trade. After five 3'ears as an apprentice he engaged in the manu- facture of boots and shoes on his own account, with his brother John as a partner. The goods of the firm found market in Boston and Baltimore principally, and he prospered ; but in less than three years he withdrew from this enterprise, and opened a retail grocery and provision store in Quincy, subsequently adding a bakery. In this business he continued about seven years, the latter part of the time engaging also in that of a real estate and merchandise auctioneer. Then he transferred his operations to Boston, where he opened a retail grocery store at the corner of South and Beach Streets, with two partners, under the firm name of P'axon, Wood, & Co. Two j'ears later, reorganizing the firm under the name of Faxon Brothers, & Co., and changing the business from retail to wholesale, he moved into Commer- cial Street, where he remained till 1S61, when he retired from the partnership with a modest fortune made in these enterprises and also in real estate operations, which he had begun while keeping store in (Juincy. l^pon his witlidrawal from the MEN OF PROGRESS. 43 grocery trade he began a system of shrewd specu- lation, from which his profits were quick and large. First he went to \ew Orleans, just before the outbreak of the Civil War, and there made hirge purchases of molasses, which he shipped to his former partners in Boston, profiting by the transaction. Then the following year returning to Jioston and establishing himself in Chatham Street, but soon after moving to India Wharf, he engaged during the remainder of the war period in specu- lation in merchandise, operating extensively in chiccory, raisins, and various spices, in sago, kero- sene oil, and fire-crackers, thereby clearing nearly $50,000. At one time, anticipating a rise in the price of liquors from the increased customs duty about to be laid, he purchased several hundred barrels of whiskey and rum, which he finally dis- posed of at a handsome profit. It was upon this transaction that, when he became an ardent Pro- hibitionist, his opponents based their assertion that he had "made his money out of rum." His next field of operation was the stock market, where he was not successful ; and before his losses had become heavy he drew out, and turned his atten- tion again to real estate dealings, through which he made the larger part of his fortune. He is now the largest real estate owner in ()uincy, and owns much property also in lioston and Chelsea. He has in all more than two hundred tenants ; and among his holdings is the estate in (,>uincy on which his early grocery store and bakery stood. Mr. Faxon's public life began in 1864, when he represented his native town in the lower house of the Legislature : and his active temperance work dates from his second term in the House of Repre- sentatives in 1871. As a rule, Mr. Faxon has af- filiated with the Republican party ; but he always exercised the right of bolting bad nominations, and in consequence received the severe censure of the party leaders. In 1884 he was induced to run for lieutenant governor on the Prohibitory ticket, and has often contributed generously to the party treasury. He has prepared and circulated many campaign documents, and for three years he issued ingenious "ratings " of the Legislature, showing the position of each member on the ques- tion of Prohibition as disclosed by yea and nay votes on anti-liquor measures, the trustworthy Prohibitionists being indicated by three stars, the unreliable by one star, and the enemies of temper- ance by a dash (-); and this record was used with effect in the legislative canvasses. For more than twenty years he has maintained an inde- pendent political bureau, known as the "Temper- ance Republican Headquarters," at No. 36 Hrom- field Street, Boston, the active management of which now devolves upon Miss F.va M. Brown, who has been his private secretary for fourteen years. His office is a perfect arsenal of information for opponents of the saloon, being fully supplied with facts and figures with which to demolish the rum power. In his anti-liquor labors Mr. F'a.xon has expended upwards of $100,000. In his own city ^ .J L ^ 'M* 1^ / '1 ' H HENRY H. FAXON. of Quincy he has served as constable since 1881, with the exception of three years (1886-89). ap- pointed at his own request, in order that he might personally conduct the crusade against violations of the liquor law. He has faithfully performed all the duties of the office, declining the salary appro- priated, and turning over to his brother officers all the fees attending the service of warrants. Up- wards of five hundred cases of prosecution of illegal liquor sales brought about by his vigorous constabulary work are on record. In several in- stances he has suppressed the liquor traffic in Quincy through the purchase of property devoted to it. He bought the Hancock House, leased it for a term of years as a boarding-house for Adams Academy students, and has recently built a block 44 MEN OF PROGRESS. of stores around it ; purchased the building now known as the Quincy Hotel, and, the deed being withheld, sued the owner for a violation of tlie agreement. He also secured an estate locally known as the " Sax'ille Place," where it was in- tended to sell liquor. Faxon Hall, erected in 1S76 for the Reform Club of Quinc)', is a permanent memorial to his name. Toward its cost, $11,000, he contributed four-fifths. He is a member of the Massachusetts Total Abstinence Society, of the Norfolk Republican Club, of the Norfolk Uni- tarian Club, and of the New England Tariff Reform League. Mr. Faxon was married Novem- ber 18, 1852, to Miss Mary B. Munroe, daughter of Israel W. and Priscilla L. (Burbank) Munroe. She died September 6, 1885, leaving one son, Henry Munroe Faxon, born May 22, 1864. FESSENDRN, Fr.anklin Guodridcr, of Greenfield, justice of the .Superior Court of the Commonwealth, is a native of Fitchburtj. born FRANKLIN G. FESSENDEN. June 20, 1849, son of Charles and Martha E. (Newton) Fessenden. He is a descendant of the Lexington branch of the Fessenden family, whose first ancestor in this country settled in Cam- bridge about the middle of the seventeenth cen- tury. His great-grandfather, Nathan Fessenden, of Lexington, was in Captain Parker's company at Lexington, April 19, 1775. His early education was acquired in the Fitchburg grammar and high schools, and subsequently he studied abroad in Paris. He entered the Harvard Law Schnol in -September, 1S70, received the degree of LL. li. therefrom in 1872, and remained in the school, taking a post-graduate course, during the follow- ing year. He was admitted to the bar of Massa- chusetts in June, 1873, and ten years later (in December, 1883) to practice in the L'nited States courts. After practising a year in Fitchburg, he established himself in Greenfield, where he con- tinued until his elevation to the Superior bench in .Vugust, 1 89 1, by appointment of Governor Russell. \\'hile engaged in general practice, he was especially concerned in corporation matters, as counsel for various railroads as well as for pri- vate corporations. He was also some time coun- sel for the first National Bank of Greenfield and for the town of Greenfield. He was twice (in 1884 and 1889) district attorney //v Icinporc for the north-western district of Massachusetts, and for many years was a master in chancery. For a year after his graduation from the Law School ( 1872-73) he was an instructor in Harvard Col- lege, and later, also for a year (1882-83), "^ lecturer in the Law School. Since 188 1 he has been a trustee of the Prospect Hill School, Green- field, and clerk of the board. He has served in the State militia as captain of Company L, Sec- ond Regiment, and as assistant inspector-gen- eral. Since 1884 he has been a trustee of the Franklin Savings Institution of Greenfield. In politics Judge Fessenden is a Democrat. He is a member of the Greenfield Club of Greenfield ; of the University Club, Boston ; and of the Co- lonial Club of Cambridge. He was married ( )etober 3, 1878, to Miss Mary J. Rowley, daugh- ter of James \\ . and Anne Rowley. FIELD, W'Ai.nuini-.E Ah.n'er, chief justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, is a native of Vermont, born in Springfield, Windsor County, April 26, 1833, son of Abner and Louisa (Griswold) Field. He is of old New England stock, — on his father's side a descendant of the Fields of Rhode Island, and on his mother's side of the Griswolds of Connecticut. He was educated in |3rivate schools and academies and MEN OF rKO(;RESS. 45 at Dartmouth College, whcie he graduated in Long, in February, 1881. He became chief jus- the class of 1855. Immediately after graduating tice in 1890, appointed by Covernor I'.rackett upon the resignation of Chief Justice Morton. he spent two years in the college as tutor, and then began the study of law, in I'.oston, with the late Harvey Jewell. In the spring of 1S59 WALBRIDGE A. FIELD. he took charge of the professorship of mathe- matics at Dartmouth for the spring and summer terms, and then entered the Harvard Law School. In i860 he was admitted to the bar. He began practice at once with Mr. Jewell. Five years after (in 1865) he was appointed assistant United States attorney for Massachusetts, under Richard H. Dana ; and he remained with Mr. Dana and George S. Hillard until 1869, when he was ap- pointed by President Grant assistant attorne)'- general of the United States, under E. Rockwood Hoar. In the latter relation he continued until August, 1870, and then, returning to IJoston, formed a law partnership with Mr. Jewell and \\'illiam Gaston, under the firm name of Jewell, Gaston & Field. When Mr. Gaston became gov- ernor of Massachusetts, in 1S75, he retired from the firm, and Edward ( ). Shepard was admitted into the partnership and the firm name changed to Jewell, Field &• Shepard. And so it remained until the appointment of Mr. I'ield to the Su- preme liench, as associate justice, by Governor In 1876 Mr. Field was a Republican candidate for Congress in the Third District, and was de- clared elected. l!ut the election was contested, and after about a year's service he was unseated. In the next election he was again a candidate from the same district, and, being elected, took his seat, and served his term without a contest. During the early years of his residence in Bos- ton he served two terms on the School Board (1863-64); and subsequently he was a member of the Common Council three terms, from 186:; to 1867. He received the degree of LL.D. from Harvard College in 1886, and from Dartmouth College in 1888. Mr. Field was first married in 1869 to Miss Eliza E. McLoon, of Rockland, Me. She died in March, 1877, leaving two daughters : Eleanor Louise and Elizabeth Len- thal Field. He was again married in October, 1882, to Miss Frances E. Farwell, daughter of the Hon. Nathan A. Farwell, of Rockland, Me. FITCH, RiiiiERT Ger.sikim, chairman of the Board of Fire Commissioners, Boston, is a native of Sheffield, a Berkshire hill town, born May 19, 1846, son of Gershom M. and Almeda L. (Rood) Fitch. Lentil nearly twenty years of age he worked on his father's farm, getting what educa- tion he could through instruction at home during the winter months. Then he went to the South Berkshire Institute, New Marlborough, and fitted for college, and, entering Williams, graduated therefrom, in due course, with the class of 1870, taking an honorary oration at commencement. His bent was early toward journalism, and while at college he was editor of the W'illiatns Qmir- h-iiy, the college magazine. After graduation he at once found employment in the editorial depart- ment of the Springfield Rt-piihlicati, where he re- mained about two years, serving in various capaci- ties. From that office he went to the Boston Post, becoming a member of the staff of the latter paper early in 1872, under Nathaniel G. Greene, then the managing editor. Here he rose through the different editorial departments to the position of editor-in-chief, which he ably filled from 1881 to 1885. Then, retiring upon the incoming of a new business management, he engaged in general journalistic work as a contributor to several jour- 46 MEN OF PROGRESS. nals till his appointment by Mayor O'Brien to the Fire Commission in May. 1886, for the term of three years. In this position he has continued ROBERT G. FITCH. since through successive reappointments by Mayors Hart and Matthews. He has been chair- man of the board since August, 1886. He is a member of the Papyrus, Press, and University clubs of Boston ; of the Chief Engineers' Club ; and of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts. Mr. Fitch was married in Detroit, Mich., September 26, 1878, to Miss Emma H. Emmons, daughter of Burton and Minerva Emmons of that city. She died in 1888, leaving two chil- dren, Helen M. and Emma M. Fitch. F(3WLE, Arthur Adams, managing editor of the Boston Globe, is a native of Woburn, born December 3, 1847, son of James Leonard and Luthera (Tay) Fowle. ( )n his father's side he is of English stock, and on his mother's of Scotch. He was educated in the public schools of Wo- burn ; and his training for active life was in actual work in store and shop, begun at the age of nine. He first learned the trade of a currier, and worked at this for several years. His first newspaper work was as a "district reporter" for the Globe, covering his town. This was in 1873, when he was twenty-si.x years old. The next year he was taken on to the city staff, and assigned to the work of a general reporter. In this capacity he developed rapidly, displaying such ability as a quick, intelligent, and enterprising news-gatherer that he early won a leading place in this depart- ment of the paper. In 1878 he was made city editor, and since that time he has successfully occupied every position on the editorial floor with the exception of those of musical critic and financial editor. He became managing editor in September, 1884, holding the position during the period of the greatest development of the Globe, when it grew from a small undertaking to a great journal of many departments and metropolitan size. Jn politics he is Democratic, fie is a member of the Boston Press Club and of several other newspaper organizations, and of the Corinthian \'acht Club. He has never lield public office, devoting himself entirely to his professional work. Mr. Fowle was married on June 12, 1877, to Miss Kate Wallace Munn, of Woburn, daughter of Charles Munn and Eliza- A. A, FOWLE. beth Minerva (Kane) Munn. They have two children: Leonard Munn and Donald Adams Fowle. MEN OF PROGRESS. 47 FC^XCROFT, Frank, associate editor of tiie Boston Joiinuil, is a native of Boston, born Janu- ary 2 1, 1850, son of George A. and Harriet Eliza- beth (Goodrich) Foxcroft. His father was well known as a newspaper writer, and especially as the originator of "Job Sass," whose phonetic hiiinor antedated " Artemas Ward," "Josh Bill- ings," and the rest. His mother was a daughter of Levi Goodrich, a prosperous farmer and con- tractor of Pittsfield. He was educated first in the public schools of Boston and Pittsfield, and after- wards at Williams ("ollegc. where he was gradu- FRANK FOXCROFT. ated in the class of 187 1. His inherited liking for newspaper work showed itself early : when a boy he spent much of his vacation time in news- paper offices, and was editor of the Vidcttc xwA the QuarttT/y at college. In his Freshman year, also, he collected certain bits of verse which he had contributed to the Boston Transcript and other journals, and published them under the title of "Transcript Pieces." In September, 187 1, two months after his graduation from college, he be- came connected with the Boston Journal, and has been identified with that paper since, at first as literary editor, then as leading editorial writer, and more recently as associate editor. He has been a contributor to the Atlantic Monthly, the A/iiloTcr A'cTic7C'. and to the weekly literary and religious press, and he edited a collection of Easter poems which was published by Lee & Shepard (1879) under the title of " Resurgit," with an introduction by the late Andrew P. Pea- body, D.I).; but his writing has been mainly for the columns of ihe /or/rnal. Since 187 1 his home has been in Cambridge, which has rarely been without a Fo.xcroft among its citizens for the past two hundred years. He has held no political office, unless two terms of service upon the School Board of Cambridge (1875-78) are to be thus de- scribed. He is a member of the Cambridge, Congregational, and Appalachian clubs. Mr. Foxcroft was first married in September, 1872, to Miss PLlizabeth True Howard, of Columbus, Ohio. She died in October, 1888. In Septem- ber, i8gi, he married Miss Lily Sherman Rice, daughter of the Rev. Charles B. Rice, of Dan- vers. He has four daughters living : Faith, Ruth Darling, Esther Margaret, and Mary Goodrich Foxcroft, the last-named by the second marriage. G.VUGENGKiL, Icnaz MARCK.t,, painter of Xcnrc pictures, is a native of Bavaria, born in Passau, January 16, 1855, son of Ignaz Marcel and Barbara V. Minuzy (Hauser) Gaugengigl. His father was professor of Oriental languages in the Bavarian capital. He was educated in Mu- nich, graduating from the gymnasium in 1873, and afterwards bec.ime a student in the Academy of Fine .\rts under Professor Raab and Professor William Diez. After leaving the Acadeni)', he studied the old masters, and received orders from the King of Bavaria, painting for him "The Hanging Gardens of Semiranius." Subsequently he went to Italy, and there further pursued his studies, and in 1879 travelled in France, sketch- ing by the way, and visiting the Paris Exhibition. The next year he came to the United States to visit his sister, intending to remain a few months ; but he soon concluded to establish himself here. Since that time he has followed his profession in Boston, early achieving a reputation for the deli- cacy and finish of his work, its richness of color and refinement of technique. Among his best known paintings are : " An .Affair of Honor," a duel on the seashore, the victim lying on the sand with two men bending anxiously over iiiin, the victor standing apart, sheathing his blade, all the characters attired in rich old Spanish costumes ; 48 MEN OF I'ROCRESS. "The Duel," the scene in a paved court-yard, en- closed by high stone walls and lofty buildiuiis, the victor in the act of delivering a fatal sword- thrust ; '-rhe Refugee," a young Huguenot, just escaped the violence of a mob, knocking for shel- ter at a friend's door, an expression of anxious suspense in the listening attitude ; " Adagio," representing a monk clad in a pale brown robe, playing on a violoncello ; " After the Storm," the prostrate form of a man in evening dress, who has evidently shot himself with the revolver still held in his hand, lying on the ground at daw-n, under a 1. M. CAUGENGIGL. tempestuous sky ; " The Revenge " ; " The First Hearing"; "The Amateur"; " Incredulity," two stubborn men in the high-colored costume of the time of the Directory, engaged in a debate; and " The Surprise." Mr. Gaugengigl is a mem- ber of the St. Botolph, Tavern, and Paint and Clay clubs, of various art societies, and of the permanent art committee of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. GASTO.X, Wii.i.iAM, goxernor of the Common- wealth in 1875, was liorn in Killingly, Conn., October 3, 1820; died in Boston, January 19, 1894. The family moving to Roxbury in 1838, he was a resident of Massachusetts during his active life, identified with Roxbury and Boston interests, and for upwards of a quarter of a cen- turv was a leading member of the Suffolk bar. He was of French and English ancestry, — on the paternal side from Jean (iaston, a Huguenot, and on the maternal side from Thomas Arnold, who, with a brother William, came to New England in 1636, and joined Roger Williams in Rhode Island in 1654. His father and grandfather both served in the Connecticut Legislature, and the former was a merchant well known in his day. William Ga.s- ton was educated in the Brooklyn (Conn.) and I'laintield academies, and at Brown I'niversity, entering at the a^e of sixteen and srraduating with high honors. He began the study of law in Ro.\- hurv. in the office of Judge Francis Hilliard, sub- sequently reading with Charles P. and Benjamin R. Curtis in lioston ; and he was admitted to the bar in 1.S44. Two years later he opened an office in Roxbury. and there practised for nineteen vears. earlv ranking among the leaders of the .Norfolk bar. I'or many years he was city solici- tor of Roxbury. In 1865 he extended his prac- tice, forming with the late Harvey Jewell and Walhridge A. Field, now chief justice of the Su- preme judicial Court, the law firm of Jewell, Gas- Ion \' field, with olifices in Boston. This relation continued till his election to the governorship, when he withdrew from the firm and relinquished his practice. Upon his return to private life and resumption of business he practised a few years alone, and then, in 1879, formed a partnership with ('. I.. B. Whitney, subsequently admitting his son William .\. (iaston to the firm. His distin- guished professional record, both as a jury law- yer, skilful in the examination of witnesses and convincing in argument, and as a counsellor, possessed of a profound knowledge of the law and extreme conservatism, closed with his retire- ment from active practice in 1S91. Mr, Gaston's public career began with his election in 1853 to the Massachusetts Legislature as a Whig. He was returned the next year, and in 1856 was re- elected by a fusion of Whigs and Democrats in opposititm to the Know-Nothing candidate. In 1861 and 1862 he was mayor of Roxbury. and during his service w-as active in raising troops for the war and earnest in the support of war meas- ures. In 1 868 he was elected to the State Senate as a Democrat. In 1870 he was a candidate for Congress, but failed of an election. In 1S71 and 1872, after the annexation of Roxbury to Boston MliN OF PROGRESS. 49 (1868), he was mayor of lioston. He was candi- by this union were one daughter and two sons: date for a third term, l)ut in one of the most Sarah Howard, William Alexander, and Theodore closely contested elections ever held in P.oston, lieecher (iaston. (Theodore, born February, 186 1, died July, 1869.) (iASTON, William Alexandek, member of the Suftolk bar, is a native of Roxbury, born May I, 1859, son of William and Louisa Augusta (lieecher) (laston. On the paternal side he is of Huguenot descent, from Jean (Jaston, born in France about the year 1600, who, banished late in life, settled in Scotland, and whose descend- ants were early in America, settling in Connecti- cut ; and on the maternal side he is connected with the distinguished Beecher family. His pa- ternal grandfather was a leading merchant in Connecticut, for many years in the Legislature ; and his father, William (iaston, was a foremost member of the Massachusetts bar, and served as mayor of Ro.xbury, mayor of Boston, member of the General Court, and governor of the Common- wealth. [See Gaston, William.] William .\. (iaston was educated in private schools, in the WILLIAM GASTON. was defeated by Henry L. Tierce, the Republican candidate on a ncm-partisan platfonn, by seventy- nine votes. 'I'wo years later he was elected to the governorship for the term of 1875 as the Dem- ocratic candidate, over 'i'homas Talbot, the regu- lar Republican candidate, by a plurality of up- wards of seven thousand votes, running many thousand votes ahead of his ticket. His admin- istration was conservative and dignified ; and he well represented the State on public occasions, notably at the centennial celebrations of Lexing- ton and Hunker Hill. .Vmong his appointments while governor were those of Otis P. Lord to the Supreme liench, and of Waldo Colbuni and Will- iam S. Gardner to the Superior Jiench. He was not again a candidate, but gave his heartv support to Charles Francis Adams, who was nominated by his party for the term of 1876, and was de- feated at the election by .Alexander H. Rice. While occu|)ving the governor's chair, Mr. (ias- ton received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Harvard and from P.rown. He was married May Roxbury Latin School, and at Harvard College, 27. 1852, to Miss Louisa A. Beecher, daughter of graduating in the class of 1880. His law studies Laban S. and iM'ances A. (Lines) Beecher, and were pursued in the Harvard Law School and in WILLIAM A. GASTON, 5° MEN OF PROGRESS. the PSoston office of his father. Admitted to the bar in 1883, he began practice as a member of the firm of Gaston & Whitney, the senior partners of which were his father and Charles L. B. \\'hit- ne}-. Subsequently Mr. Whitney retired, and Frederick E. Snow was taken into partnership, the firm name being changed to that of Gaston & Snow. In 1S91 William Gaston, senior, retired from active practice ; and since that time the firm has been making a specialty of corporation law, and has acted as corporation counsel for several of the largest corporations having headquarters in Boston. Mr. Gaston is a director of the Manu- facturers' National Bank of Boston, a trustee of the Proprietors of Forest Hills Cemetery, and a director in several large Massachusetts corpora- tions. He is a member of the Boston Bar Asso- ciation (of the council), of the Somerset, Univer- sity, and Curtis clubs of Boston, the Country Club of Brookline, and the Commodore Club of Maine. During the three terms of Governor Russell (1891-92-93) he was assistant adjutant- general on the governor's stafi^. He was married in April, 1892, to Miss May I). Lockwood, daugh- ter of the late Hamilton D. and Annie L. Lock- wood. GEIGER, Albert, extensive operator in real estate in Boston, is a native of Switzerland, born in Ziirich, October 23, 1850, son of Jaques and Elizabeth (Zimmer) Geiger. His father was a shoe manufacturer in Zurich. His early educa- tion was attained in the schools of his native city ; and, after his graduation from the high school in 1865, he received a thorough business training in Marseilles, France, where he spent the years 1866-67-68. Early in 1869 he came to Boston, and entered the services of Naylor & Co., long prominent iron and steel merchants. Subse- quently, when this firm was succeeded by the Nor- way Steel and Iron Company, he was made sec- retary and treasurer of that corporation, which position he held for many years. It was after the iron industry had ceased to be profitable in New P'.ngland that he entered the real estate business. In this his transactions have been large from the beginning, and his investments have been of an important character. He has built a number of apartment houses in the Back Bay district of Boston, which are prominent among the finer structures of that quarter, such as the "Ilkley," the "Windermere," the " Chesterfield," on the corner of Exeter and Marlboro Streets, and the houses Nos. 290 and 293-295 Commonwealth Avenue ; and the building of the Copley Square Hotel was his enterprise. He is a member of the .•\lgonquin, the Athletic, and the Megantic Fish and Game clubs, of the DeMolay Commandery, and other fraternal organizations. Mr. Geiger ALBERT GEIGER. was married September 8, 1872, to Miss Emma PfeitTer, of Boston. They have three children : Albert, Emily, and Arthur Geiger. GEORGE, Elijah, register of probate and in- solvency, Suffolk County, is a native of New York, born in New Rochelle, September 6, 1850, son of William E. and Elizabeth ( I )eveau) George. He was educated in New York City, receiving a high- school and academic training, and there began the study of law. Then, coming to Boston, he continued his studies in the law office of Uriel H. and George G. Crocker and in the Boston Univer- sity Law .School, graduating therefrom in 1873. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1874 and to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1889. In 1875 he was appointed assist- MEN OF PROGRESS. 51 ant register of probate and insolvency for the county of Suffolk, and two years later was elected to the position of register for the term of five Illinois Supreme Court. His grandfather, Allen Oilman, a lawyer, w'as the first mayor of Bangor, Me. He belongs to the Exeter branch of the family, descended from Edward Oilman, who came from Hingham, England, to Hingham, Mass., in 1638. (Nicholas Oilman — it is a favorite name in the family — was a signer of the United States Con- stitution from New Hampshire. ) He was educated in the East, at academies in Parsonsfield, Me., and Effingham, N.H. ; and here he has spent the most of his active life. He was prepared for the minis- try at the Harvard Divinity School, graduating in 187 I, and the following year was settled over the Unitarian church in Scituate. Three years later he took charge of the First Parish in Bolton. In 1878 he was appointed professor of English literature and Oerman in Antioch College, Yel- low Springs, Ohio, and remained there three years, preaching Sundays in the college chapel. Returning in 1881 to New England, he took charge of the Unitarian churches in Waj-land and Sudbury. In 1884, after a tour in England, he established his residence in West Newton, and engaged in literary pursuits. His connection ELIJAH GEORGE. years, which he has since held by repeated re- elections. He has been for a number of years prominent in military affairs, and was for some time a member of the First Corps of Cadets. In 1881-82 he was judge advocate, with the rank of captain, of the First Brigade, State militia ; and since 1882 he has been judge advocate of the Second Brigade. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association, of the Curtis Law, the Union, the Algonquin, the Athletic, the Massachusetts Yacht, the Roxbury, and the Abstract clubs ; and of the Beacon Society of Boston. Mr. Oeorge was married May 25, 1876, to Miss Susan Virginia Howard, of Baltimore, Md. They have three sons : Elijah Howard, William Leigh, and Ernest Oeorge. NICHOLAS p. OILMAN. OILMAN, Nicholas Paine, editor of the I.ihTary IVorld and managing editor of the Ne2U H'lir/i/, Boston, is a native of Illinois, born in Quincy, December 21, 1849, son of Charles and with the Literaiy World as a regular contributor Annette Maria (Dearborn) Oilman. His father to its columns began in 1878, during the editor- was a member of the bar and reporter to the ship of the Rev. Edward .\bbott. He became the 52 MEN OF PROGRESS. editor in October, 1888, on Mr. Abbott's retire- ment. From 1885 to 1891 he was an assistant editor of the Unitarian Rei'iew. With the N^nv World, the Uberal quarterly review of religion, ethics, and theology, the publication of which was begun in March, 1892, he has been connected from its inception. He has given much study to social questions, and is the author of publica- tions which are counted among the most impor- tant contributions of the day to economic litera- ture, and have been widely circulated. In i88g he brought out '■ Profit Sharing between Em- ployer and Employee" (Boston, Houghton, Mif- flin & Co. ; London, Macmillan & Co.), recording and discussing the various experiments in profit sharing made in Europe and America. The work has passed through several editions, and been translated into German. Four years later his "Socialism and the American Spirit" (same pub- lishers), a volume on the present standing and probable future of socialism and social reform in the United States, appeared, and speedily reached a second edition. Another publication is a small book published in 1891, "The Laws of Daily Con- duct," designed to aid public school teachers in teaching morals without inculcating religious doc- trine. He has also contributed papers to the Fornni, the Arena, the A'lVi' England Magazine, the Christian Register, and other periodicals. In 1892, as secretary and treasurer of the Association for the Promotion of Profit Sharing, Mr. Gilman established a little quarterly periodical called Em- ployer and Employed as a medium for the prac- tical discussion of profit sharing. He is chairman of the executive committee of the Boston Brown- ing Society, a member of the executive commit- tee of the Massachusetts Reform Club, in politics an Independent, and unmarried. GREENHALGE, Frederic Thomas, governor of the Commonwealth 1894, is a native of Eng- land, born in Clitheroe, a parliamentary borough in the county of Lancaster, July 19, 1842, only son of William and Jane (Slater) Greenhalge. His father was for some years an engraver in the Primrose Print Works of Clitheroe, and in 1855 brought the family to this country, and, settling in Lowell, was employed in the Merrimack Print Works, in charge of the copper roller engraving. His education, begun in Clitheroe, was contmued in the Lowell public schools, and finished at Har- vard College. Upon graduation from the High School, where he ranked as the first scholar in his class, he received the first Carney medal ever given. He entered Harvard in the class of 1863 ; but, his father dying, he w'as obliged to leave col- lege in his junior year, and earn his support. He soon found a position as a teacher ; and, while pursuing this vocation, he began the study of law. Subsequently he entered the law office of Brown & Alger. In October, 1863, he joined the Union army, and was connected with the commissary department at Newbern, N.C. While engaged in this service, in April, 1864, he was seized with malarial fever, and after several weeks of sick- ness was sent home. Upon his recovery he re- sumed his legal studies, and in 1865 was admitted to the Middlesex bar. From that time until 1870 he was associated with Charles F. Howe, and since the latter date has practised law alone. In 1874 he was made a special justice of the police court of Lowell, and served ten years. In 1888 he was made city solicitor. His public life began with service in the Lowell Common Council in F. T. GREENHALGE. (From a copyrighteil photo^'raph by Kliner Cliickering.) 1868 and 1869. From 187 1 to 1873 he was a member of the School Board; in 1880 and 1881 mayor of the city; in 1885 a representative of MEN OF PROGRESS. OJ Lowell in the lower house of the Legislature ; and in 1889-90 a member of the Fifty-first Congress, representing the Eighth Massachusetts District. At Washmgton he ranked with the leaders in the New England delegation, and, a ready debater, was frequently heard on the floor of the House. In 1890 he was renominated by the Kepublicans of his district, but, after a hot canvass, lost the election by about four hundred and fifty votes. He was delegate to the National Republican Con- vention of 1884, and in 1890 was chairman of the Republican State Convention. In the autumn campaign of 1893, which ended with his election to the governorship as the successor of William E. Russell, the successful Democratic candidate in three elections, he was constantly on the stump from the day of his nomination, visiting all parts of the State. In Lowell he is a member of a nvunber of societies and clubs, is president of the Humane Society, past president of the Unitarian and the History clubs, and is now president of the People's Club; and he belongs to several po- litical dining clubs meeting in Boston. He has been a trustee of the City Institution for Savings of Lowell since 1876, and is now president of the Institution. He was married in Lowell, October I, 1872, to Miss Isabel Nesmith, daughter of John Nesmith, lieutenant governor of the State in 1862 with Governor Andrew. They have had four children: Nesmith (deceased), Frederic Hrandlesome, Harriet Nesmith, and Richard Spalding Greenhalge. GREENLEAF, Lvmax KLANCH.-\kr), vice-presi- dent of the PSoston Stock Exchange 1891-93, is a native of Boston, born September 19. 185 1. young- est son of the late Gardner Greenleaf, 3d, and Re- becca J. (Caldwell) Greenleaf. He was educated in Boston public schools, — the Phillips Grammar and the English High, graduating from the latter in July, 1869. He began his business career in i86g as a boy in the Boston banking house of Tower, Giddings & Co. ; and seven years after (on January i, 1876) he was made a partner in the firm. The same year (January 31 he became a member of the Stock Exchange. In January, 1884, he withdrew from the house of Tower, Gid- dings i& Co., and since that time has been in business alone. He was made a member of the first governing committee of the Exchange April I, 1886, and held this position for two years, when he resigned. He was first elected vice-president in 1891 ; and upon the establishment of the clearing house, in January, 1892, he w^as made chairman LYMAN B. GREENLEAF. of the clearing-house committee, from both of which offices he resigned in 1893. Mr. Green- leaf is a member of the Somerset, Athletic, and Country clubs of Boston. He was married April 20, 1892, to Miss Ellen M. Browning, daughter of Charles A. Browning, of Boston, head of the well- known wholesale millinery house of Charles A. Browning &: Co. They have one son : Browning Greenleaf. HAM, Albtdx Paris, of Sargent & Ham, car- riage-builders, Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Shapleigh, York County, April 7, 1828, eldest son of John M. and Mary (Abbott) Ham. He is of Scotch ancestry. His education was acquired in the public schools of Limerick, Me. Until nineteen years of age he worked on his father's farm, and then apprenticed himself to the car- riage-making trade. His father desiring that, as the eldest son, he should succeed to the farm, and refusing to consent to his leaving home before he was twenty-one, he offered to pay for his free- dom one hundred dollars from the first money earned after he had finished his apprenticeship. 54 MEN OF PROGRESS. Through the influence of his niotiier, his fatlier finally yielded ; and the young man faithfully kept his part of the bargain. At twenty-one he came to Boston, and obtained employment in John Rayner's carriage manufactory, Nos. 57 to 63 Sudbury Street, at that time the largest works ALBION P. HAM. of the kind in New England, manufacturing a high grade of vehicles. In 1854 Mr. Rayner being ready to retire, Mr. Ham, with a plenty of ambition and a large supply of courage, but very little money, formed a copartnership with Haydn Sargent, under the firm name of Sargent & Ham, and bought out his employer's extensive busi- ness. The new firm continued the manufacture of fine custom carriages at the old stand for six- teen years, and was fairly prosperous. Then, in 1870, Mr. Ham bought of the city of Boston a lot of land, Nos. 26, 28, and 30 Bowker Street, just around the corner from the Sudbury Street factory, and erected thereon a substantial brick and stone, six- story- and -basement building, equipped with all the modern improvements, into which the business was moved early in the spring of 187 1. In July, 1S91, the concern was incor- porated, with a capital of $150,000, under the name of the Sargent & Ham Company, Mr. Ham being the president and managing director. Mr. Ham was one of the original members of the Na- tional Carriage Builders' Association, and was elected its first vice-president. In politics he is a steadfast Republican ; but he has never allowed his name to be used for any office, preferring to attend strictly to his own business affairs. He attends the Park Street Congregational Church, Boston, where he owns a pev; ; and he has been a member of the prudential committee of the so- ciety for many years. He has travelled exten- sively in this country and in Europe. He was married, in 1854, to Miss Augusta C. Blenn, of Dresden, Me. They have no children. HART, Tho.mas Norton, president of the Mount Vernon National Bank, mayor of Boston 1889 and 1890, is a native of North Reading, born January 20. 1829, son of Daniel and Mar- garet (Norton) Hart. His father's ancestors settled in Lynnfield, and his maternal grandfather was of Royalston. The latter was Major John Norton, a soldier of the Revolution. Thomas N. obtained his education in the schools of his native town, and, when a lad of thirteen, made his way to Boston to earn his living. Here he first found employment in a dry-goods store conducted by W'heelock, Pratt &: Co. Two years later, in 1844, he entered a hat store; and in this business his progress was steady and substantial. In course of time he became a partner in the firm of Philip A. Locke i\: Co., and subsequently founded the prosperous house of Hart, Taylor & Co. About the year 1879 he retired from this business with a competency, and soon after was made president of the Mount Vernon National Bank, of which he is still the head. From the beginning an earnest Republican, he early took an infiuential part in local politics as a citizen. At length he was in- duced to serve in the city council, and he was first elected to the Common Council for the term of 1S79. In this body he at once ranked among the leaders. He was twice returned, serving in 1S80 and 1 88 1, and then was made a member of the Board of Aldermen. Here he served three terms (1882, 1885, and 1886), prominent on important committees and influential on the floor. In 1886 he was first nominated for the mayoralty, but was defeated in the election by Mayor O'Brien, the Democratic candidate. The following year, again a candidate, and again against Mayor O'Brien, he succeeded in cutting the latter's majority to a MEN OF PROGRKSS. 55 slender margin ; and the next year, for the third time in nomination and against Mayor O'Brien, he carried the election by a majority over his competitor of nearly two thousand. Returned the next year, he served the two terms of 1SS9 and 1890. In 1 89 1 he was appointed by President Harrison postmaster of Boston, which position he held through the remainder of Mr. Harrison's administration, and after the incoming of Presi- dent Cleveland until June, 1893. In the State campaign of the latter year he was prominently mentioned for the Republican nomination for gov- ernor ; and in the municipal campaign following he was for the fifth time a candidate for mayor, nominated by the Republican convention, but was unsuccessful, Mayor Matthews being returned. Mr. Hart is identified with a number of local societies and organizations ; is treasurer of the American Unitarian Association, an officer of the Church of the Unity, and a member of the Uni- tarian, the Algonquin, and the Hull \'acht clubs. <~r ^' THOMAS N. HART. He was married in 1850, in Boston, to Miss Eliza- beth Snow, of Bowdoin, Me. They have one child, a daughter (now Mrs. C. W. Ernst). Mr. Hart's town house is on Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, and his country place at Galloupe's Point, Swampscott. HOLMES, Oliver Wkntikll, Jr., justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, son of Dr. Oliver Wendell and Amelia Lee (Jackson) Holmes, was born in Boston, March 8, 1841. He attended V. R. Sullivan's, afterward E. S. Dixwell's school, and was graduated from Har- vard College in the class of 1861. In April that year he joined the Fourth Battalion of Infantry, Major Thomas G. Stevenson, then at Fort Inde- pendence, Boston Harbor, where he wrote the poem which he delivered on Class Day. July 10 he was commissioned first lieutenant, Company A, Tw-entieth Massachusetts. In the battle of Ball's Bluft'. October 21, he was wounded in the breast, and was also struck in the abdomen by a spent ball. March 23, 1862, he was commissioned captain, Company G. He received a wound in the neck at Antietani, September 17. In Februar)-, 1863, he was provost-marshal of Falmouth, Va. At Marye's Hill, near Fredericksburg, on May 3, he received a third wound, this time in the heel. On July s following he was commissioned lieuten- ant - colonel. Twentieth Massachusetts, but was not mustered in, the regiment being too much re- duced. January 29, 1864, he was appointed aide-de-camp on the staff of Brigadier -General H. G. Wright, commanding the First Division, Sixth Corps, afterward major-general commanding the Sixth Corps, and served with General Wright during General Grant's campaign, down to Petersburg, returning to Washington with the Sixth Corps when the capital was threatened, Jul)-, 1S64. On the 17th of that month he was mustered out of service, it being the end of his term of enlistment. Returning to Boston, in September he entered the Harvard Law School, and in 1866 received his LL.B. In December, 1865, he entered the law office of Robert M. Morse, Barristers' Hall, Boston. Spending the summer of 1866 in Europe, he became a member of the English Alpine Club. On his return he entered the law office of Chandler, Shattuck & Thayer. Then, on March 4, 1867, he was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar, and subsequently was admitted to practice before the United States Supreme Court. He practised his profession first in partnership with his brother, and afterward in the firm of Shattuck, Holmes & Munroe, formed in 1873. In 1870-71 he taught constitutional law in Harvard College, and in 1871-72 w-as uni- versity lecturer on jurisprudence. In 1873 he pub ished in four volumes the twelfth edition of 56 MEN OF PROGRESS. Kent's Commentaries, adding elaborate notes. From 1870 to 1873 he liad editorial charge of the American Laic Jii'Ticiv, volumes V., VI., \'II., and wrote for this review a number of articles. An essay by him on "Early English Equity" may be foiMid in the Eiii^lish Law Quarterly RevieTO, April, 1885, and two articles on "Agency" in the Harvard Law Revieiv, March and April, 1891. In 1 89 1, also, a volume of his speeches was pub- lished by Little, Brown, & Co. In the winter of 1880 he delivered a series of lectures on the Common Law, in Boston, — one of the Lowell ■ow liPBR* O. W. HOLMES, Jr. Institute courses, — and the following year pub- lished a volume on the same subject (" The Com- mon Law," by O. W. Holmes, Jr., Boston: Little, Brown & Co.), which greatly widened his reputa- tion. The work was highly commended by the reviewers at home and abroad, and it was subse- quently translated into Italian by Sig. Francesco Lambertenghi, now the Italian consul-general at Zurich. In 1882 Mr. Holmes was appointed to a new professorship in the Harvard Law School; but he had hardly entered upon his duties there when ( December 8 ) Governor Long appointed him an associate justice of the Supreme Court, in place of Judge Otis P. Lord, resigned. Justice Holmes is a member of the Massachusetts Histor- ical Society, and was a fellow of the American Academy, but resigned : and at the same time that his father was receiving the degree of LL.I). from O.xford (in 1886) he was receiving it from Yale. He married, June 17, 1872, Miss Fannie Dixwell, daughter of E. S. Di.xwell, of Cambridge. Thev have no children. HORTON, Rev. Edward Auou.stus (Unita- rian), president of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches in Boston, and of the Unitarian Sunday- School Society covering the whole country, is a native of Springfield, born September 28, 1843, son of William Marshall and Ann (Leonard) Hor- ton. The branch of the Horton family to which he belongs have had their home for many years in picturesque Ponkapoag, a part of Canton ; ills father and mother lie buried there. His early education was begun in the public schools of Springfield, and continued in Chicago, whither his parents moved when he was a lad of thirteen, and where he lived six years. During that period the' Ci\il War broke out ; and soon after its out- break, when scarcely eighteen, he abandoned his books, and, going to Brooklyn, N.Y., enlisted in the navy. He served as landsman in the South Atlantic squadron, under Commodores Dupont and Dahlgren, a little more than a year, and was in several sharp engagements. His sliip, tiie steam gunboat "Seneca," assisted in X\\i blockade of Charleston, and had a part in the attacks on Forts Wagner and Sumter, and in the destruc- tion of the Confederate pri\-ateer "Nashville." I'pon his return to civil life he hurried prepara- tions for college, and so crowded studies that he was enabled to enter the University of Michi- gan without conditions in the class of 1869. After a short time in college, however, he con- cluded that, with his slender resources, he could not afford to give the necessary time to com- plete the course and properly to fit himself for the ministry, the profession of his choice. Ac- cordingly, he withdrew, and went at once to the Theological School at Meadville. Penna. There he took the regular three years' course, and pur- sued other studies, graduating in 1868. Upon graduation having two calls, one from Flint, Mich., and one from a larger parish in Leomin- ster, this State, he accepted the latter. This pas- torate he held for seven years, during that period, in 187 1, visiting England, Switzerland, and Ger- MEN OF PROGRKSS. 57 many, and spending a year in study at lirunswick and at Heidelberg, his ciiurch generously grant- ing him leave of absence for this purpose. In the summer of 1875 he accepted a call from the First Unitarian Church of New Orleans ; but a severe illness, largely the result of overwork, fell upon him. and he was unable to take the charge. His physician ordering rest for two years, on the ist of December, his wedding-day, he started South on a vacation trip. A year later, improved in healtii, but not yet fully recovered, he was again at work, ii.wing accepted a call to Hingham as minister of the Old Church, famous for its quaint meeting-house, then upwards of two hun- dred years old. Here he remained, enjoying the pleasantest of relations witii his parish and the town, for three years, when he resigned to take the pastorate of the Second Church in Boston, Copley Square, founded in 1649, and distin- guished as the pulpit of the three Mathers, — In- crease, Cotton, and Samuel, — John Lathrop. Henry Ware, Jr., Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Chandler Robbins. This charge he entered upon in May, 1880; and, under his leadership, the parish was brought to a high degree of pros- perity, and into connection with many good works in the community. During his ministry a debt of $45,000 was removed, and he made the church emphatically a working organization. In the spring of 1892, his health again impaired, he was compelled to resign, and relinquish for a time parish work. He had his choice between a long vacation abroad or some new work. Choosing the latter, he undertook the direction and development of the two organizations of which he is presi- dent. He is now at the head of tlie missionary work of the Unitarian denomination and of church extension in the city of Boston, as pres- ident of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches having the oversight of some si.x churches in the city, which stand for the ministry at large of the Unitarian body in Boston. As president of the Unitarian Sunday-School Society, he edits a paper for the young people, Ei-crv Other Sum/ay, super- vises the publication of te.\t-books, confers with Sunday-school workers, makes addresses in be- half of this cause, and directs all the affairs which relate to the Unitarian Sunday-school work. The extent of this supervision is measured only by the breadth of the land from Boston to San Francisco. Mr. Horton is also chairman of tiie Committee on Settlement of .Ministers and N'acant Pastorates for the Unitarian denomination ; is superintendent of the Westford Academy in West- ford, this State ; a trustee of Derby .Academy, Hingham; visitor to the Howard Collegiate In- stitute ; and a manager of the Home for Int^i- perate Women, of the Washington Home, of the North End Mission, and of other philanthropic institutions. He is closely connected with the Grand .■\rmy of the Republic, having served as chaplain of the State, is chaplain of E. W. Kinsley Post 113 of Boston, and past chaplain of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. He EDWARD A. HORTON. is also grand chaplain of the State for the Masons. He has been a frequent contributor of literary reviews of books to the denominational periodi- cals and the Boston press, and has published in pamphlet form discourses on Emerson and Garfield, delivered at the time of their death: three sermons on Unitarianism ; an historical dis- course commemorative of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of tiic building of the old meeting-house in Hingham ; an address to the graduating class of 1888 at the Boston College of Pharmacy ; and a book, " Noble Lives and Noble Deeds." In 1880 the University of Michigan conferred upon him the honorary degree of .A.M. Mr. Morton was married at 58 MEN OF PROGRESS. Lancaster, December :, 1875, to Miss Josephine Adelaide Rand, daughter of Nathaniel and Ruth (Miles) Rand. They have one child: Kuth Horton, born February 24, 1877. H. O. HOUGHTON. HOUGHTON, Henry Oscar, head of the publishing house of Houghton, Mifflin, & Co., and projector of the Riverside Press in Cam- bridge, is a native of Vermont, born in the little town of Sutton, April 30. 1823, son of William and Morilla (Clay) Houghton. His ancestors were among the early New England colonists, the Houghtons first coming to the country about the year 1630, and settling in Lancaster. His mother was a daughter of Captain James Clay, who took an important part in the controversy be- tween New Ham]ishire and New York over the question of jurisdiction in tlie region now em- braced in the State of Vermont, prior to the out- break of the Revolution. When he was about ten years old, the family moved from Sutton to the town of Bradford, on the Connecticut River. After a few terms in the Bradford Academy, at the age of thirteen he became an apprentice in the office of the Burlington Free Press, and there took his first lessons in the printer's trade. Sub- sequently he worked at the trade awhile in Nunda, N.Y. Determined to acquire a thorough education, his evenings and other spare moments were devoted to study. At the age of nineteen he was prepared for college, and entered the Uni- versity of Vermont with twelve and a half cents in his pocket, but with dauntless resolution. Soon after his graduation, in 1846, he came to Boston, and here spent a year or two in the work of proof- reading and reporting for the Evening Tra'eeller before he found his life-work as a master printer. This was begun in Cambridge, where in January, 1849, he joined Mr. Bolles, of the firm of Free- man &: Bolles, in establishing a printing-office. Its first location w'as on Remington Street, near Harvard College. Three years later the business was removed to the site on the banks of the Charles, when the name of the Riverside Press was assumed. And from the modest establish- ment first set up here has grown the present imposing group of buildings, with extensive com- position, electrotyping, printing, binding, and lith- ographic departments, in which the work of fine book-making is carried through the several stages from the manuscript to the bound volume. The original Riverside Press, which was sixty by forty feet in size, forms the nucleus of the present buildings, and still contains a part of the compos- ing and press rooms. In 1864 Mr. Houghton en- tered the publishing business, forming a partner- ship with Melancthon M. Hurd, of New \'ork, under the firm name of Hurd & Houghton, to provide an outlet for the publication of the works of Dickens, Bacon, and other writers, stereotype plates of which he had become the owner. Ele- gant library editions of Bacon, Carlyle, Macaulay, and Cooper, were issued ; and the catalogue of the house showed a large proportion of standard works. This firm existed under the same name, but with additions to the membership, until 1878, when it was succeeded by that of Houghton, Osgood, & Co., which came into possession of literary franchises, privileges covering the works of Emerson, Lowell, Hawthorne, Longfellow, Holmes, Whittier, and other leaders in Ameri- can literature, collected during a long period by the firms of Allen & Ticknor ; Ticknor, Reed, & Fields ; Ticknor & Fields ; Fields, Osgood, & Co. ; and James R. Osgood, & Co. In 1880, when Mr. ( )sgood retired, and was succeeded by Lawson Valentine, of New York, the house took its present title of Houghton, Mifflin, & Co. (Mr. Mifllin first admitted to partnership in 1872, when MEN OF PROGRESS. 59 the firm was Hurd & Houghton). Referring to the date of birth of the oldest of the concerns to which the present partnership is successor, the house of Houghton, Mifflin, & Co. is traced back to 1811, through its successorship to the business of Crocker & Brewster. Besides the merging of the business of the several houses above enu- merated into that of the present house, important accessories to its plant and franchises have been attained through successorship to the busmess of J. Ci. Ciregory, &: Co., and of Albert Mason, of New \'ork, and of Brown, Taggart, & Chase, of Boston. IJesides the manufacture and publica- tion of valuable books, Mr. Houghton's firm pub- lishes the Atlantic Monthly, which was purchased by Hurd & Houghton in 1873, the Aiiil<>','ci- RcTicKi, the Journal of American Folk-Lore (quar- terly), and the A'cw World (cjuarterly). The firm as now composed consists of Henry (). Houghton, L. H. Valentine, George H. Mifflin, James Murray Kay, Henry O. Houghton, Jr., Oscar R. Houghton, and Albert F. Houghton, the last two nephews of Mr. Houghton. The premises of the Riverside Press at present occupy a piece of ground about 450 feet in length by 360 feet in breadth, attractively laid out, a well-kept lawn spreading over the north-east corner, with a handsome fountain in the middle, which was ded- icated on Mr. Houghton's fiftieth birthday, April 30, 1873. The main building, four stories high, with a tower, has a frontage on the east of 170 feet, and on the north by nearly as much, with an extensive wing. That devoted to lithographic work is 200 feet long by 75 feet in width for half its length, and 45 feet for the remainder, with a high basement and one lofty story lighted by mon- itor roof. The employees of the Press number about six hundred. The old-time custom of ap- prenticeship is still in vogue here, with some mod- ifications ; and long service is the rule. Some of the members of the force were with Mr. Hough- ton when the Press was founded. Those con- nected with the establishment enjoy the use of the Riverside library, which contains a large num- ber of excellent books. As printers, binders, and electrotypers, Houghton, Mifflin, &: Co. conduct business under the title of H. (). Houghton, & Co. From the first Mr. Houghton has been the controlling spirit of the Press. His purpose in its development, as has been shown by re- sults, was to do here the very best work in book- makins;, — to make books that should satisfv the artistic feeling as well as the literary sense. Many warm tributes to the excellence of Riverside work- manship have been received from those most competent to pass judgment, and it has won high compliment abroad as well as at home. Since the establishment of his printing business, Mr. Houghton has made his residence in Cambridge : and in 1872 he was mayor of the university city. The Boston office of the house is at No. 4 Park Street, in the old-time mansion house of Josiah Quincy, Jr., mayor of Boston from 1845 to 1849 : and in Mr. Houghton's office here the regular weekly consultations of the members of the firm and heads of departments are held. Mr. Hough- ton was married in 1854 to Miss Nanna W. Man- ing, daughter of William Maning, of Cambridge. They had four children: Henry ().. Elizabeth H., Alberta M., and lusline F. Houghton. JACKSON, ^^'ILLIA^I, city engineer of Boston, is a native of Brighton (now the Brighton District of Boston), born March 13, 1848, son of Samuel WM. JACKSON. and Mary Wright ( Field) Jackson. His father was of Brighton, and his mother of Conway. His first ancestor in this country was Edward Jackson, who settled in Newton in 1639. His early educa- 6o MEN OF PROGRESS. tion was obtained in the public schools; and he was fitted for his profession as a civil engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which he entered in 1865. From the Institute he went directly to a position at the Chestnut Hill Reservoir, where he was employed from 1868 to 1870. Then he was assigned to the Water- Works survey and the extension of the sys- tem in Brighton and West Roxbury. With this work, and with the private practice of engineer- ing, he was occupied until 1876, when he was appointed assistant engineer on the Boston Main Drainage Works, the most formidable piece of engineering construction ever undertaken in the city. He continued in this department until April, 1885, and then was elected city engineer in place of Henry M. ^^'ightman, deceased, which position he has held since. During the construc- tion of the Harvard Bridge over the Charles River, from 1887 to iSgi, he was engineer for the bridge commissioners ; and he was a member of the Boston Rapid Transit Commission in 1891-92. He is a member of the American So- ciety of Civil Engineers, of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers, of the New England Water Works .Association, and of the Union, Exchange, and .\rt clubs of ISoston. Mr. Jackson was mar- ried .\pril 27, 1886, to Miss Mary Stuart Mac- Corry, of Boston. They have one child : William Stuart Jackson. JEFFERSON, Joseph, of Buzzard's Bay, player, the third Joseph Jefferson known to the American stage, was born in Philadelphia, Penna., February 20, 1829, son of Joseph and Cornelia Francis (Burke) Jefferson. He comes of sterling dramatic stock. His great-grandfather, Thomas Jefferson, was an eminent English actor, long con- nected as comedian with Drury Lane, London, and sometime manager of the playhouse at Rich- mond. His grandfather, the first Joseph Jeffer- son (born in Plymouth, England, in 1774, died in Harrisburg, Penna., in 1832), was also a distin- guished comedian, called in his day " one of the brightest ornaments of the stage," who made his American debut in Boston at the Federal Street Theatre in 1795, was afterwards a favorite player in New York, and for twenty-seven years was permanently engaged in Philadelphia ; and his father, the second Joseph (born in New \'ork, 1814, died in Mobile in 1842), trained for a scene painter, early became an actor, especially excellent in "old men" parts, and manager of playhouses. His mother was a native of New York, of French descent, in the twenties a popu- lar comic actress and stage vocalist, with an ex- quisite voice, "which," savs Ireland, in his "Records of the New York Stage," "in power, purity, and sweetness was unapproached by any contemporary." His earliest recollections are of the theatre, and " behind the scenes " was his first playhouse. "The door from our back entry," he says in his Autobiographv, "opened upon the stage, and, as a toddling little chap JOSEPH JEFFERSON in a short frock, I was allowed full run of the place." This was in the theatre in Washing- ton, which his father took soon after his birth ; and here he made his first appearance, taken on to do duty in long clothes, a babe in arms. .\t the age of three he appeared as the child in " Pizarro, or the Death of Rolla," and the same season in " Living Statues," a series of tableaux. From Washiiogton the family moved to Baltimore, and thence to New York, where during the years 1S35-37 the father was connected with the Franklin and Niblo's Theatres. In that city he attended the public schools ; and there, also, he made his first appearance out of the juvenile MEN OF PKO(;kESS. 6i supernuinerary i;inks (at the Franklin Theatre in 1837), taking part in a "celebrated eonibat " witii " Master Titus," dressed to represent a (ireek pirate, '■ Master Titus " representing an American sailor. In 1839 his father took the management of the theatre in Chicago, then a bustling village, and thither the family went with a little company, acting along the way. After a short season here, with varying success, the com- pany, under his father's lead, went •' on the road," going first to Galena, travelling in open wagon over the jjrairie. Thence they jonrneyed on the frozen river in sleighs to Dubuque ; and, after taking in several of the towns then spring- ing up along the river, they tarried a full season in Springfield, 111., the management building a tem- porary theatre there. Had business closed the house, and the Jeffersons next found themselves in Memphis in straitened circumstances. For a while the father •■ turned from scene-painter to sign-painter " for a livelihood. Then they moved on to Mobile, where an engagement had been se- cured at the local theatre, taking a steerage pas- sage by one of the river steamboats. Upon their arrival, October, 1842, the yellow fever was raging in the town ; and two weeks later the elder Jef- ferson was stricken with the malady, and died, leaving the family without resources. Voung Jefferson and his sister found employment at the theatre in children's parts, appearing in fancy dances and comic duets; and he also worked in the paint-room, grinding colors. After a time he was given subordinate parts, and during his en- gagement here acted with Macready and the elder Booth. .\t about the age of si.xteen he left Mobile and travelled in various parts of tlie South with companies of strolling players. Tlie ne.xt year or so he was "barn-storming" in Mis- sissippi, playing small parts in Galveston and Houston ; in a band of comedians, following up the American army in the war with Mexico ; and stranded in Matamoras with his mother and sis- ter, the manager having disappeared with the cash and back salaries, running a pie and coffee stand in the "Grand Spanish Saloon." catering to the gamblers and camp-followers, who then largely constituted the population of the place. Subsequently getting back to civilization, he came North, and for several seasons was in W. E. liurton's company at the Arch Street, Philadel- phia, acting second and then first comedy. In 1847 he had a brief experience as a country man- ager, and that year also played his first "star" en- gagement in Cumberland, I'enna. The next sea- son he was low comedian of a melodramatic theatre in Philadelphia, the .Amphitheatre. In 1849 he was a member of the Chatham Theatre (New York) company. Part of 1850 he managed a company in the South, playing in Macon, Savan- nah, and Wilmington, N.C. : and again the ne.xt season in Wilmington and Charleston, S.C. In 1852 he was first comedy, under the stage man- agement of John Gilbert, at the Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. In 1853 he was stage manager at the Baltimore Museum for Henry C. Jar- rett ; the next year manager of the Richmond Theatre for John T. Ford : and the next at Ford's Washington Theatre. In 1856 he made his first trip to Europe, visiting London and Paris. In 1857 he was installed as comedian of Laura Keene's Theatre, New York, opening in September as Dr. Pangloss in "The Heir-at-law." On October 8, 1858, "Our .American Cousin" was first produced, and its success, he writes in his Autobiography, "proved the turning-point in the career of three persons, — Laura Keene, Sothern, and myself."' In the character of Asa Trciichaici he won wide fame, and became a star performer. .After a season at the Winter Garden Theatre, New A'ork, in 1859, ■^^'lieii he acted A'civman Noggs, Caleb Plummcr, and Salem Scicddcr, he appeared in his first version of " Rip Van \A'inkle," playing a short season in Wash- ington. Then in 1861 he struck across the con- tinent, and, after a short and unsatisfactory engagement in San Francisco, sailed in Septem- ber for .Australia. There he spent four profit- able years, presenting "Rip \'an Winkle," "Our .American Cousin,'' and "The Octoroon." Pro- ceeding next to England by way of South .Amer- ica, he made his first appearance before a London audience in September, 1865, bringing out " Rip A'an \\'inkle," reconstructed and re- written by Boucicault ; and the success of the play with his matchless delineation of the hero secured for it a brilliant run of one hundred and seventy nights. From London he took it to Manchester and to Liverpool, playing successful engagements in both cities. Then he returned to -America by clipper ship. For nearly a quarter of a century " Rip Van Winkle " only was produced by him, played throughout the country, and again abroad (in 1875) in London, Glasgow, Dublin, and Belfast, never losing its freshness or its charm. 62 MEN OF PROGRESS. Later in the eighties he revised "The Rivals," reconstructed by himself, — condensed from five acts into three, several characters cut out, and an epilogue added, — making of Boh Acres his star part, which had a brilliant run through sev- eral seasons. In private life he is distinguished as a devoted angler and as a painter of notable landscapes in oil. He was one of the original members of the Plaj-ers' Club, New York, of which he is now the president. For many seasons he spent the mid-winters on his sugar plantation on the Bayou Teche, La., and the mid- summers on his farm in New Jersey ; but his principal residence is now his country place at Marion on Buzzard's Bay, a near neighbor of President Cleveland's summer home. Mr. Jeffer- son was first married in 1849 ^'^ Miss Margret Lockyer, an actress. She died in March, 1861. His second wife was Miss Sarah Warren, whom he married in Chicago, December 20, 1S67. Mr. Jefferson has seven children living : Charles, Margret, Thomas, Josephine, Joseph, William, and Frank Jefferson. Boston and of the Massachusetts Loan & Trust Company, and vice-president of the Home Sav- ings Bank. He has long been prominent in num- JONES, Jerome, merchant, Boston, is a native of Athol, Worcester County, born October 13, 1837, youngest son of Theodore and Marcia (Es- tabrook) Jones. His maternal grandfather, the Rev. Joseph Estabrook, was the second minister of Athol, a graduate of Harvard College, and a noted clergyman there for forty years. He was educated in the common schools of Athol, and when yet a boy was at work as a clerk in a coun- try store and post-office in the adjoining town of Orange. At sixteen he came to Boston, and entered the establishment of Otis Norcross, & Co., then the leading importers of crockery in the United States, as an apprentice, and there received a thorough commercial training, and early rose to positions of responsibility. At twenty-four he was admitted to partnership in the firm, and at twenty-seven he became its Eu- ropean buyer. His name first appeared in the firm of Otis Norcross, & Co., in 1861, then in 1868 in the firm of Howland & Jones, Mr. Nor- cross (that year elected mayor of Boston) retiring from the business ; and it was placed at the head, after the death of Ichabod Howland, in 187 1, the firm name then becoming Jones, McDuffee, & Stratton, as it has been known since. Mr. Jones is also a director of the Third National Bank of JEROME JONES. erous local commercial organizations of influence in the community, — president of the Boston Earthenware Association, president of the Boston Associated Board of Trade, a member of the Bos- ton Merchants' Association, and of the Commer- cial Club. In politics he is a Democrat, influen- tial in his party. He was one of the original members of the New England Tariff Reform League, and has served on its executive commit- tee since its organization. Among other posi- tions which he has held is that of president of the \\'orcester North-west Agricultural Society at Athol. He is a trustee of Mount Auburn Ceme- tery, and commissioner of the sinking fund of the town of Brookline wliere he resides ; and is a member of the National Association of Whole- salers in Crockery and Glass Ware. He belongs to the Union and the Unitarian clubs of Boston, and the Thursday Club of Brookline. Mr. Jones was first married February 11, 1864, to Miss Eliza- beth R. Wait, by whom were four children : Theodore, Elizabeth W., Marcia E., and Helen R. Jones. His first wife died July 10, 1878. MEN OF PROGRESS. 63 He was married again Februar)- 16, 1881, to Mrs. Maria E. Dutton, of Boston. KEMBLE, Edward, president of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, is a native of Wenham, born October 12, 1S36, son of Edmund and Mary W. (Beckford) Kimball. It having been found by his father that tlie true spelling of the family name was Kemble, he and his brothers and sis- ters were brought up to spell it that way. He is descended from the Campbells of Scotland. Early and well prepared for college, he entered Amherst at si.xteen, and was graduated there at the age of twenty. His father, a graduate of Harvard and a lawyer, — who studied law with Daniel Webster, was afterwards junior counsel with Webster in some cases, and prominent also in public life, at one time a State senator, — in- tended him for the legal profession, and accord- ingly he read law for a short time, but very soon he determined upon a mercantile life, and en- tered a counting-room to learn business. In 1862 EDWARD KEMBLE. The firm made business connections in Europe in 187 1, and in the fall of that year loaded the first grain ever loaded in bulk at the port of Bos- ton for Europe. This was shipped by the Cu- nard steamship " Samaria." The firm also loaded the first sailing vessel ever loaded at this port with grain in bulk, — a bark with a full cargo of w-heat which was cleared for St. .Malo, France ; and about that time it loaded the largest cargo of grain in bulk ever loaded at this port even to this day, — a full cargo of Indian corn cleared hence for London. Mr. Kemble was vice-presi- dent of the Boston Board of Trade in 1877, a director of the old Boston Insurance Company which was carried down by the great Boston fire of 1872, a vice-president of the old Boston Corn Exchange, and president of the Boston Commer- cial Exchange ; and he was made president of the Boston Chamber of Commerce (in which the Commercial Exchange was merged) in 1892. He is now a director of the Cape Cod and Interior Canal Company, which was chartered by the Leg- islature of 1892, and is concerned in other im- portant interests. He has been connected with several clubs, but is now a member only of the Boston Commercial and the Eastern Yacht clubs. For two terms (1878-79 and 1879-80) he served in the Board of Aldermen of the city of Salem, and was then nominated for mayor by a citizens' caucus by about six hundred voters, called with- out distinction of party ; but he declined to stand for the office. Mr. Kemble was married Septem- ber 5, i860, to Elizabeth Tilton .Abbott, only daughter of the Rev. Dr. Abbott and Margaret, his wife, of Beverly. They had three children : Laurence Grafton (now a physician in Salem), Abbott Spraston (deceased), and Margaret Kem- ble. Mrs. Kemble died in 1878. he established in Boston the firm of Kemble & Hastings, for the purpose of carrying on a com- mission business in the products of the country. KIMBALL, GENER.^iL John \\'hitk. State auditor, is a native of Fitchburg, born Februar\- 27, 1828, son of Alpheus and Harriet (Stonej Kimball. He is a lineal descendant, on the pater- nal side, of Peregrine White, the first child born in New England of English parents, born on board the " Mayrtower " about December 10 (O. S.), 1620. He was educated in the Fitchburg public schools, and learned his trade of scythe-making in his father's shop. He began business life in 1857 as a partner with his father and brother in the manufacture of agricultural implements. 64 MEN OF J'ROGI^ESS. and he was engaged in this occupation until the outbreak of the Civil War. At that time he was captain of the Fitchljurg FusiHers, having been a member of the State miHtia since his eighteenth year. He was adjutant of the Ninth Regiment from 1858 to i860, when he was for the second time elected captain of the Fusiliers (Company B) of this regiment. His com]3any volunteered, and went into camp at Worcester on the 28th of June, 1 86 1. The Ninth Regiment being broken up. Companies A, B, and C became the nucleus of the Fifteenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, of which General, then Major, Charles Devens JOHN W. KIMBALL. was made colonel, and Captain Kimball major, commissioned on the ist of August. After ser- vice a part of 1861-62 in the Corps of Observa- tion at Poolesville, Md., the regiment became a part of the Army of the Potomac ; and on April 29, 1862, Major Kimball was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. His colonel being absent, having been wounded in the battle of Ball's Bluff, he commanded the Fifteenth in all of the battles of the Peninsula Campaign, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, and down to Fredericksburg. In November, 1862, he was commissioned colonel of the Fifty-third Regiment, Massachusetts \'olunteers, and ordered to Massa- chusetts to take the command. Attached to the Department of the Gulf, the Fifty-third was in the siege of Port Hudson in 1863 ; and during the assault, on June 14, Colonel Kimball was dangerously wounded in the left thigh. The term of enlistment of this regiment e.xpiring September 2, that year, it returned to Massachusetts. Sub- sequently, on May :3. 1865, Colonel Kimball was brevetted brigadier-general for " gallant and dis- tinguished services in the field during the war." Before his assignment to the command of the Fifty-third, while with the Fifteenth in the Penin- sula Campaign, he was appointed by Governor Andrew colonel of the Thirty-sixth Regiment ; but the request for his return to the State to take that command was denied in accordance with a general order to the effect that no officer should be permitted to leave the Army of the Potomac for purpose of promotion. After the close of the war he reorganized the Fitchliurg Fusiliers, and again became its captain; and ten years later (in .Vugust, 1876) he was commissioned colonel of the Tenth Regiment, Massachusetts Militia. In 1 878 he retired, being honorably discharged on September 21, having had thirty - two years of almost continual military service. General Kimball's record in the civil service has also covered an exceptionally long period. From 1865 to 1873 he was tax collector of the city of F'itch- burg, and at the same time a member of the State police force, three years one of the State police commissioners. In 1873 he was appointed United States pension agent for the western district of Massachusetts, and held this position until the 1st of Tuly, 1877, when the office was merged into that at Boston. Later that year he was custodian at the United States Treasury Department in Washington of the rolls, dies, and plates of the bureau of engraving and printing. This place he held until 1879, when he was appointed post- master at Fitchburg. Here he remained through two administrations, until March 12, 1887. He was first elected to the State auditorship in 1891 for the term of 1892, and was returned in the elections of 1892 and 1893. He has also served seven terms in the lower house of the Legislature (1864-65, 1872, 1888-91), there acting on leading committees, in 1890-91 chairman of the railroad committee. He is a member of the Loyal Legion, Grand Armv of the Republic (in 1874 department commander of .Massachusetts), and of the Masonic order, with which he has been MEN OF PROGRESS. 65 connected since 1861, during 1877-78 eminent commander of Jerusalem Commandery Knights Templar of Fitchburg. He has also been long connected with the Fitchburg Board of Trade, and a trustee of the Fitchburg Savings Bank. General Kimball was married July 15, 185 1. to Miss Almira M. Lesure, daughter of Newell Mer- rifield and Almira Lesure. They have three chil- dren : Fmnia Frances, Mary Flizabeth, and Kd- ward Franklin Kimball. LANE, Jonathan' Arp.ott, merchant, I'.oston, was born in Bedford, May 1 82 2. son of Jonathan and Ruhamah (Page) Lane. His father was a descendant of the sixth generation, in direct line, from Job Lane, who came to this country in 1635 ; ^"'^' '^'^ mother was one of the large Page family descended from Nathaniel Page, who came over in 1680. His father, who was a farmer and fish merchant in comfortable circumstances, moved from Bedford to Boston in 1824, which enabled the son, Jonathan A., to attend the old Boylston Grammar .School, from which he graduated in 1834 at the age of twelve, and the English High, where he graduated in 1837. Entering the employ of the dry-goods job- bing house of Calvin, Washburn, ilv: Co. as boy, on fifty dollars a year, he slowly worked his way up. and in 1849 obtained control of the business, with Charles .\. Whiting as special partner, and con- ducted it in his own name. The firm has since been through several changes of membership and title, having been known as Lane & Washburn, then Allen, Lane, & Washburn, then for forty years, from 1854 to 1S94, as Allen. Lane, & ("0., and now incorporated as the Allen-Lane Com- pany, but is still carrying on a drj'-goods busi- ness, and is said to be the oldest woollen commis- sion house in Boston. Although not a member of any secret societies, Afr. Lane has been active in many social and philanthropic organizations. In war times he was president of the old \\'ard Two branch of the Union League and a private in the Home Guards. In 1S75 he was induced to accept the presidency of the old Mercantile Library .\ssociation, founded originally to afford educational facilities for young business men, and which had done good work in that direction until the growth of the Boston Public Library had caused it largely to outlive its usefulness. Dur- ing the four years of Mr. Lane's management the library was transferred to the Boston I'ublic Library, forming the nucleus of the present South End Branch, and the institution reorganized and put on its present firm footing as the leading social club of the South End. Mr. Lane is a life member, and keeps up his interest in the organ- ization, and is also an active member of the Bos- ton Art Club ; but he is too fond of home life to be much of a club man. Since 1887 he has been president of the Boston Merchants' Association for the longest term yet served, and his adminis- tration has made the annual dinners of that body notable for the character of their discussions and A JONA. A. LANE. their array of eminent speakers from all parts of the country. In politics Mr. Lane was originally a Whig, but joined the Republican party in its infancy, and has found no cause to leave it. He served as member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1863 and 1864, and in the Senate in 1874 and 1S75, being elected the former year as an independent over a competitor who had the regular nominations of both parties. In 1878 he was appointed by Governor Rice to serve in the Executive Council for the remainder of the term of a member who resigned, and in 1892 he represented the Ninth Congressional Dis- trict as one of the .Massachusetts presidential 66 MEN OF PROGRESS. electors. Of late years Mr. Lane has especially identified himself with the cause of tax reform, strongly advocating the total abandonment of the present methods of attempting to tax personal property and the substitution of a system whereby the local assessor shall be limited in his jurisdic- tion to real estate, and personal property be taxed in its corporate form, or through inheri- tance or succession taxes, by the State alone. .Vs chairman of various committees on the matter, he has prepared reports which rank among the lit- erature of the subject. In religion Mr. Lane walks in the footsteps of his fathers. From boy- iiood he has been a member of the I'uion Con- gregational Church of P.oston. He is president of the Congregational Club and a life member of the Boston Young Men's Christian Association and of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union. He is also one of the advisory board of the Bos- ton Children's Friend Society, a director of the Old Men's Home, a State trustee of the Baldwin- ville Cottage Hospital, and is interested oflicially or otherwise in many other benevolent organiza- tions. Mr. Lane married on November 13, 185 1, Miss Sarah Delia Clarke, the second child of the Rev. Benjamin F. Clarke, and a graduate of Mt. Holyoke Seminary in 1845. The first few years of their married life were spent in a little house on Tyler Street, Boston; but in 1S56 they moved to their present residence on Tremont Street, where they have now lived thirty-seven years. Of six children born to them, a daughter died in infancy, and five sons — John C, Frederic H., Alfred C, Benjamin C, and Lucius P. — are liv- ing. The eldest. Judge John C. Lane, is a lawyer and politician of prominence in the town of Nor- wood. LATH ROB, John, justice of the Supreme Ju- dicial Court of Massachusetts, was born in Bos- ton, February 8, 1835, son of the Rev. John P. and Maria Margaretta (Long) Lathrop. He is a lineal descendant in the eighth generation of the Rev. John Lothrop who came out in the " Grif- fin " in 1634, and was the first minister at Scitu- ate and at Barnstable. His father was a clerg)-- man of the Episcopal church, and at the time of his death, in 1843, was chaplain in the Lhiited States Navy, attached to the " Princeton " ; his grandfather, John, graduate of Harvard in 1789, was a man of letters ; and his great-grandfather. the Rev. John, graduate of Princeton, 1763, was minister of the Second Ciiurch in P.oston from 1768 to 1816, and was a Fellow of Harvard Col- lege from 1778 to 1816. His early education was attained in the Boston public schools ; and his advanced studies were pursued in New Jersey, JOHN LATHROP. where he entered Burlington College in the class of 1853, and graduated in due course. Three years after graduation he received the honorary degree of A.M. from his Alma Mater. From Bur- lington he came directly to the Harvard Law School. Graduating therefrom in 1855, he com- pleted his preparation for the legal profession in the office of Francis C. Loring. In 1856 he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and at once opened an office in Boston. His practice, although in all branches of the law, was largely in admiralty ; and in 1872 he was admitted to the bar of the United States Supreme Court, where he practised extensively. From 1874 to 1888 he was reporter of decisions in the Massachusetts Supreme Court, and from this position was first raised to the bench by Governor Ames, who in 1888 appointed him a justice of the Superior Court. He was promoted to his present position on the bench of the higher court by Governor Russell in 1891, upon the death of Judge Charles Devens. Judge MEN OF PROGRESS. 67 Lathrop was a lecturer at the Harvard Law School in 187 1 and 1873, and at the Boston Uni- versity Law School in the years 1873-80-83. During the Civil War he served a year in the field, going out in 1862 as first lieutenant in the Thirty- fifth Regiment, and subsequently promoted to a captaincy, when he was obliged to resign on ac- count of disability, the result of illness contracted in the service. He is a member of the Union and St. Botolph clubs of Boston, and of the Co- lonial Society of Massachusetts. He was married in Boston, June 24, 1875, to Miss Eliza D., daugh- ter of Richard G. and Mary Ann (Davis) Parker. LEE, William, senior partner of the book pub- lishing firm of Lee &: Shepard, from its earliest days to the present, was born in the North End district of Boston, April 17, 1826, eldest son of John and Laura (Jones) Lee. He claims from his ancestry sturdy independence and an honest strain through English, Scotch, and \^'elsh com- minglings. His father died in 1837, leaving the mother and her si.x children in such poor circum- stances as to necessitate William's removal from school, and apprenticeship to Samuel G. Drake, anticpiarian and bookseller of Cornhill. Two years later he was enabled to resume his school work, and in two more he had prepared for col- lege ; but at this time he made a final decision in favor of the book trade, and found employment with a bookseller. At eighteen he secured a po- sition in the prosperous house of Phillips tS: Samp- son, where ability and attention to business pro- cured him rapid promotion. He became expert as a salesman, both at the evening auctions, then a marked feature of the business, and in dealing with " the trade." He received a share in the profits of the house from his twenty-first birthday, and at twenty-four he was made an equal partner. In 1857, having acquired what he regarded as a competencv, he sold his interest back to the firm, taking their notes therefor to the amount of $66,000 with the intention of indulging himself in five years of rest and travel. He spent some months visiting points of interest in his own coun- try, and in June, 1S58, sailed for Europe in com- pany with Willard Small, the accomplished scholar and publisher. Naturally a quick and acute ob- server of men and things and broadly interested in all social questions affecting the destiny of peoples, it was in this kind of study that he pro- posed to find amusement and rest. He journeyed therefore in a very leisurely way through Great Britain, Germany, France, and Spain. Unsatis- fied with his first tour in the latter country, he was just on the point of taking a second, when he received news of the death of both I'hillips and Sampson, and of the financial embarrassment of the concern, which made it imperative for him to be in Boston at the earliest possible moment. He reached Liverpool short of funds after the steamer he wished to catch had hauled into the stream, but managed by stratagem and "bluff" to have his belongings and himself put on board by the mail tug. He arrived in Boston to find his claim against the new firm of Phillips, Samp- son, & Co. disallowed by the assignees, and to be advised by the lawyers that his remedy was against the private property of his dead partners, the sole support and dependence of their families. His claims were allowed by the widows, but Mr. WILLIAM LEE, Lee promptly gave them a release, antl instituted legal proceedings against the assignees, under which, through his intimate knowledge of ever)'- thing in the late business, he was able to force a compromise with tiiem. and to secure about half his due under the notes. With this sum, and cash 68 MEN OF PROGRESS. already in hand, he purchased an interest with Crosby, Nichols, lV' Co., and the style of this firm was changed to Crosby, Nichols, Lee, & Co. -\r- rangements were immediately made to enlarge the business, and large ventures were pushed West and South. But secession and war caused so heavy losses and such depression in the book- trade that this move proved unsuccessful ; and in the autumn of 1861 Mr. Lee chose to go out of the concern rather than pursue the effort, and did so to the loss of his entire investment. Literally without a dollar in the world, he now for some months passed through e.xperiences of which he relates little, even to his best friends. But he had not lost courage, and he watched attentively the signs of the times. One day he met Charles ,\. B. Shepard, for some years manager for lohn P. Jewett. the publisher of " Uncle Tom's Cabin," and later head of the firm of Shepard, Clark, iV Brown. Like \\illiam Lee, he had lost his last dollar in the crash of 1861. .^11 that these two now had to go upon was brains, experi- ence, and the confidence and sympathy of the trade. On that they decided to launch the new- firm of Lee & Shepard. And, whatever has ac- crued to it, that original capital yet remains a distinct asset of the firm. At first they thought only of bookselling. They secured at a low rental half of an ancient, two-story wooden build- ing, nearly opposite the Old South Meeting-house, known as the "Chelsea Dye House," shrewdly replacing that sign with one reading " The Oldest House in Boston." This name created the de- sired comment, and, being true in one sense, no little amusement. Trade came their way. At first they had no bank account, no clerks, no porter. Each was everybody, from office boy to book-keeper, salesman, buyer, proprietor, and packer. But in time all these individualized. .\nd then, one day, the owner of some of the Phillips, Sampson, &: Co. stereotype plates offered to sell them and take notes in payment. The new firm took the oft'er. These plates included the earliest juveniles of \V. T. .-Vdams (Oliver Optic), then a Boston schoolmaster, — the " Boat Series " in six volumes, and the " Riverdale Stories," twelve volumes. New editions of these were the first books issued bearing the imprint of Lee & Shepard. Returns from this venture were so satisfactory that Mr. Adams was immedi- ately commissioned to write some stories for girls ; and then followed the long series of Oliver ( )ptic books, already over a hundred in number, so well known wherever the English language is spoken. After occupying the quarters in "the old dye house" for three years, Lee & Shepard transferred their business to No. 307 Washing- ton Street, where increasing trade, sales reaching some years to upwards of a million dollars, com- pelled extensive improvements and enlargements in the rear until 1873. Then, after losing nearly $200,000 by the "Great Fire" of 1872, they moved into a new building on Franklin Street, w'here they remained till 1885, when they changed to their present quarters. No. 10 Milk Street. The concern now owns over two thousand sets of valuable plates and copyrights, including high school, grammar school, and kindergarten books, juveniles, art books, travels, poetry, fiction, history, and philosophy, by popular writers. The house originated and still continues the issue of illus- trated editions of popular songs and poems. Even a partial list of authors whose works it has given to the public would be impracticable within the limits of this article. But the names of " Oliver Optic," " Sophie May," Curtis Guild, Mary A. Denison, Mary A. Livermore, Julia Ward Howe, Julia C. R. Dorr, Irene Jerome, Ednah D. Cheney, James Freeman Clarke, Amanda M. Douglas, Virginia F. Townsend, the Rev. Elijah Kellogg, J. T. Trowbridge, "Petroleum V. Nasby," Charles Sumner, Francis H. Underwood, T. W. Higginson, Wendell Phillips, Robert CoU- yer, Samuel Adams Drake, and Horace Mann, will be sufficient to indicate the estimation of the firm with authors and the enterprise which has characterized its business. Mr. Shepard died in January, 1889 ; and since that time Mr. Lee has, single-handed, directed the affairs of the concern, attending personally to every important detail, and directing every interest of the busi- ness, but is rarely too busy for a social chat with his authors or colaborers who may drop in upon him. Mr. Lee is also a charter member of the Boston Art Club : a member of the Algonquin and Twentieth Century clubs of Boston, and of the Aldine Club, New York. Politically, he is an Independent, with Republican proclivities. Ex- cept as a justice of the peace and notary public he has never aspired to, or filled, any public office. He has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Anna Leavitt, daughter of Thomas Leavitt, of Hampton, N.H. She died in 1883. He married second, in 1888, Miss Sarah Louise MEN OF PK0C;RESS. 69 White, daughter of J. Welles White, of New York City. He has one daughter, Alice Lee. 1,()RI), Eliot, editor-in-chief of the lioslon Evening TravelliT, tiiough a native of the West, is of sterling New England stock, descended from two of the oldest New England families. He was born in Milwaukee, Wis., November g, 1852, son of the Rev. William Henry Lord and Persis (Kendall) Lord. ( 'n his father's side his ances- tors were among the first settlers of Maine, while from his mother he inherited the blood of the ELIOT LORD. earliest Massachusetts colonists. His great-uncle was Nathan Lord, long president of Dartmouth College (from 1828 to 1863); and one of the brothers of his father is Dr. John Lord, of Stam- ford, Conn,, the historian and lecturer. His ma- ternal grandfather was the Rev. James Kendall, who for more than fifty years was pastor of the old First Church in Plymouth. Eliot Lord was educated in the East, in the public schools of Plymouth and at Harvard ('ollege. which he en- tered in the class of 1873. During his college course he won the Lee, Boylston, and Bowdoin prizes ; and he graduated with high lienors, de- livering one of the eight commencement parts. Upon leaving college, he was made instructor in Latin and mathematics at the Adams .Xcademy of Quincy, Here lie remained until the close of the academic year, when he resigned to accept an assistant professorship of history and English at the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, under Professor James Russell Soley, afterwards assistant secretary of state in the Harrison ad- ministration. His services here covered a period of three years, during which time he also pursued a special course in modern history and interna- tional law, and received from Harvard (in 1876) the degree of A.M. for proficiency in these de- partments. Resigning from the Naval Academy, he entered the profession of journalism, for which his studies and training had well prepared him, beginning on the staff of the New York Ifcrald. An offer from the World, then under the editorial direction of \\'illiam Henry Hurlbert, early drew him to that paper ; and here he was employed until 1879, when he accepted an offer from Clar- ence King, director of the United States Geolog- ical Survey, to write the history of the develop- ment of the mining industry of the L'nited States. The preparation of this work, published in 1882, by the Geological Survey, under the title of " The Comstock Lode," occupied the ne.xt few years, which Mr. Lord spent in large part in the Western mining districts ; and upon its completion he was selected by Mr. King to assist in collecting the social statistics of the mining districts west of the Rocky Mountains for the Tenth Census. Remov- ing to Washington, in 1885-86 he edited the Washington Weekly Post during the Congressional session ; and in the autumn of 1886 he came to Boston, joining the editorial staff" of the Daily Advertiser. Two years later he resigned this posi- tion to take the editorship of the Duluth (Minn.) Herald. Returning to Boston in 1891, he was engaged upon the Boston Herald as political news writer during the State campaign of that year. Subsequently he was some time Boston corre- spondent of the Springfield Union. Worcester Tele- gram, and other newspapers, and in the spring of 1893 was appointed to his present position. He is a member of the Ihiiversity, Papyrus, and Press clubs of Boston. LOWELL, John, ex United States circuit judge, son of John .\mory and Susan Cabot (Lowell) Lowell, was born in Boston, October 18, 70 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1824. His father was a prominent ISoston nicr- chant, connected as treasurer and director with several of the mills at Lowell; and his mother was a daughter of Francis C Lowell, for whom the city of Lowell was named. His paternal grand- father was an eminent lawyer ; and his great- grandfather was the first Judge John Lowell, — the first judge of the District Court for the Massachu- setts district, appointed by President Washington September 26, 1789, and then in 1801 made by President John Adams chief judge of the Circuit Court as then existing for the first circuit (estab- lished under act of Congress in 1801, repealed in JOHN LOWELL. 1802). This first Judge Lowell was a member of the convention which framed the constitution of Massachusetts in 17S0, and procured the inser- tion of the first article of the Bill of Rights, for the purpose, as he declared, "of preventing slavery from being thereafter possible in the State." John Lowell, the present, was educated in the private school of Daniel G. Ingraham, a noted Boston school in its day, and at Harvard College, from which he graduated in the class of 1843. He studied law in the Harvard Law School, grad- uating therefrom in 1845, and in the office of Charles (i., F. C., and C. VV. Loring, and in 1846 was admitted to the Suffolk bar. He began the practice of his profession in P.oston, and for a number of years was associated with William Sohier. In March, 1865, he was made judge of the District Court of the United States by Presi- dent Lincoln, in place of Judge Sprague, re- signed; and thirteen years later (December 16, 1878) he was appointed by President Hayes jus- tice of the Circuit Court for the first circuit, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Shep- ley. In May, 1884, he resigned, and returned to general practice, with ofiices in Boston. ()n the bench he was eminent as a jurist, especially dis- tinguished in the department of law relating to bankruptcy. Since his retirement and return to practice his services have been much sought as referee and special master in important cases, his judicial impartiality and ability being widely recognized. Judge Lowell married May 19, 1853, Miss Lucy IS. Fmerson, daughter of George B. Emerson, LL.D., and Olivia ( Buckniinster) Em- erson. They have two sons and two daugiiters : John Lowell, Jr., now a member of the Suffolk bar, and associated with his father in practice ; James Arnold (graduate of H. C. 1S94); Lucy Buckniinster ; and Susan (^now Mrs. William H. Aspinwall ) Lowell. MASON, Albert, chief justice of the Superior Court, is a native of Middleborough, born Novem- ber 7, 1836, son of Albert T. and Arlina (Orcutt) Mason. He was educated in the common schools, and in Pierce Academy, Middleborough, and studied law in the office of Edward L. Sher- man in Plymouth. There, admitted to the bar in i860, he began practice. Two years later he entered the Union army as second lieutenant of the Thirty-eighth Regiment, Massachusetts Vol- unteers ; and he remained in the service until the close of the Civil War. Early in his career as a soldier he was detailed for staff duty, and served as regimental and brigade quartermaster ; and subsequently, he was commissioned captain and assistant quartermaster. Returning to Plymouth in 1865, he resumed the practice of his profes- sion. The next year he was made chairman of the board of selectmen of the town, which posi- tion he retained eight years: and in 1873 and 1S74 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature, ranking with the leading members, and serving on numerous important committees. In January, 1874, he opened an office in Boston MEN OF FROGRKSS. 71 with Charles H. Drew, still retainintj his Plym- outh office, and a few months later formed a part- nership with Arthur Lord, of I'lxinouth, now «*' t public schools of Wilbraham and of Springfield, to which city his father early removed : and he was prepared for college by the Hon. Marcus P. Knowlton, now of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. P^ntering Dartmouth, he grad- uated therefrom in the class of 1867 with honors. He read law at Springfield in the office of the Hon. George M. Stearns and Hon. Marcus P. Knowl- ton, then constituting the law firm of Stearns & Knowlton, and was admitted to the Hampden county bar in 1868. He spent a year in travel in his own country, and then began practice in Springfield, where he remained till his appoint- ment to the bench. In 1S71, 1872, 1875, and 1882, he was city solicitor of Springfield. Dur- ing that period, and later, he was also promi- nent in municipal affairs, serving two terms (1872-73) as a member of the Common Council; as mayor of the city in 1887 and 1888; and as member at large of the School Committee in 1892-93-94. In 1879 he was a member of the General Court from Springfield ; and in 1889 and 1890 he was the Democratic candidate for attor- ney-general of the State. He was appointed ALBERT MASON. member of the State Civil Service Commission. The same year, in Jul)', he removed from Plym- outh to Brookline, where he has since resided ; and in December was appointed by acting Gov- ernor Talbot to the Board of Harbor Commis- sioners. He continued practice in Boston and Plymouth, and as a harbor commissioner until his elevation to the bench in February, 1882, by Gov- ernor Long, as a justice of the Superior Court. He became chief justice by appointment of Gov- ernor Brackett in September, 1890, succeeding Judge Brigham, resigned. Judge Mason was married November 25, 1S57, to Miss Lydia F. Whiting, daughter of Nathan and Experience (Finney) Whiting. They have six children: John \\'„ ^Llry A., Alice, Charles N., Martha, and Grace W. Mason. I MAYNARD, Elisha Burr, of Springfield, elisha b. maynard. justice of the Superior Court of the Common- wealth, is a native of Wilbraham, born November associate justice of the Superior Court by Gov- 21, 1842, .son of Walter and Hannah (Burr) May- ernor Russell in June, 1S91. Judge Maynard has nard. His earlv education was acquired in the served in the militia of the State, having been at 72 MEN OF PROGRESS. one lime a member of the City Guards, Company B of the Second Regiment. He has long been connected with the Springfield Commandery Knights Templar, and is a member of the Win- throp Club of Springfield, of the Mayors" Club of Massachusetts, and of the University and Dart- mouth clubs of Boston. He was a corporate member of the Springfield Hospital, of the ITnion Relief Association, and of the Christian Indus- trial and Technical School of Springfield. He married August 25, 1870, Miss Kate Doty, of Springfield. Penna., who died April 4, 1889; and second, July 19, 1893, Miss Luella E. Fay, of Springfield, Mass. His children living are : Robert Doty, Ruth, and \\'illiam Doty Maynard. M'GLENEN, Henry Aloysius, late business manager of the Boston Theatre, was born in Bal- timore, Md., November 28, 1826, son of Patrick and Sarali (Carrigan) M'Clenen; died in Boston, pk « V \ H. A. M'GLENEN. March 24, 1S94. His early education was at- tained in the Baltimore public schools ; and at twelve years of age he began work, entering a printing-office as an apprentice. Subsequently he attended St. Mary"s College, Baltimore, and there also worked in a printing-oftice established by the faculty. At the age of nineteen (in 1S54) he started for Boston by way of Philadelphia and Norfolk, and arrived in the city with scanty bag- gage and a cash capital of si.x cents. He immedi- ately sought work at his trade, and the first job secured was in the composition-room of the Daily Bee. Then he worked at odd times as a composi- tor in the offices of the Times and the Journal, and later on obtained a regular position on the Aih'crtiscr. In 1846 he resigned this position to enlist as a private in the army, off for the con- quest of Me.xico. He joined the company which was commanded by Captain Edward Webster, son of Daniel Webster, and remained in the service until 1S48, when he returned to Boston, and re- sumed work at his trade in newspaper otfices. In 1850 he became a reporter for the Ilcrahl. and subsequently went to the Daily Mail. A \-ear or two later he was given charge of the TIiiils job- office, where he formed the acquaintance of a number of railroad men and theatrical folk. \Miile in this position, he took charge of Dan Rice's circus in Boston, and several other enter- prises, in all of which he was most successful. For two years he managed the business of the Marsh children at the Howard Athenajum, after which he was connected with several companies. When Wyzeman Marshall had leases of the Howard and the Boston Theatre, he looked after Mr. Marshall's interests : and for the two years during which Harry C. Jarrett managed the Bos- ton Theatre he gave much of his time in behalf of that manager. In 1866 he relinquished the print- ing business entirely, and took charge of the con- cert tour of Parepa Rosa, the great cantatrice. The following year he took the Mendelssohn (Quintette Club on an e.xtended tour West ; and in the spring of 1868 the Hanlons secured his ser- vices as manager for their season at Selwyn's Theatre, and the three following years he was re- tained in a similar capacity by John .Selwyn and Arthur Cheney. In 1871 he became business agent of the Boston Theatre ; and this position he held until his death. He was one of the best known theatrical men in the country, of wide ac- quaintance and many strong friendships, possess- ing the confidence and respect of all with whom he was brought into business relations. Mr. M'Glenen was also identified with many matters of public concern. He was president of the Mas- sachusetts N'olunteers in Mexico, vice-president of the National Association of Mexico Veterans, MKN OF PROGRKSS. 73 and a member of the Boston Press and Athletic ple"s " candidate for mayor. He was one of the cUibs. He was married in Boston, November 29, special committee which framed the new city 1849, to Miss Caroline M. Bruce, daughter of Cyrus charter of Cambridge in 189 1, and, after the new and Matilda (Cashing) Bruce. 'I'hey had two charter was granted, revised the city ordinances children: Edward W. and Harry J. M"Glenen. to conform thereto. In 1869 and 1870 he was a Cambridge representative in the lower house iMclXriRE, Charlks Jhhn, of Camliridge. judge of the Probate Court of Middlesex County, was born in Cambridge, March 26, 1842, son of P'.benezer and Amelia Augustine (I,andais) Mc- Intire. His ancestors on the paternal side came to Salem from Argyll, Scotland, about 1650. and those of a later generation, nio\ing to ( ).\ford (now Charlton), Worcester County, in 1733, were among the first officers of the latter town when it was incorporated in 1755 : and on the maternal side he is a lineal descendant of John Read, a distinguished lawyer of Boston in Provincial days, and of the latter's son-in-law, Charles Morris, a native of Boston, who was for many years chief justice of Nova Scotia. His mother's father was an e.xiled French officer of engineers commis- sioned in the United States army ; and she was born in Fort Moultrie, Charleston, S.C., when her father was in command there. Charles J. entered the Harvard Law School, and also read in the law office of ex-Mayor Dana, of Charlestown ; but before he had completed his student course the Civil War bioke out, and in 1862 he enlisted as a private in the Fort)--fourth Massachusetts Regiment. He served with his regiment in all its engagements, including the famous defence of the besieged town of Washington, N.C., and. when his term of service expired, returned to his studies. He was admitted to the bar in 1865, and began practice in Boston. From 187 1 to 1874 he was assistant district attorney of Middle- sex County ; and he was city solicitor of Cam- bridge continuously from March, 1886, till October 26, 1893, when he was appointed by Governor Russell judge of probate and insolvency for Middlesex County, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge George M. Brooks. In 1893, also, he was a member of the State commission, appointed by Governor Russell under an act of the Legislature, to revise and codify the election laws. He was early prominent in Cambridge municipal affairs, serving in 1866 and 1867 in the Common Council, in 1877 on the Board of Aldermen, and was three years (1868-70) on the School Board: and in 1883 he was the " Peo- CHARLES J. McINTlRE. of the Legislature, where he served as chairman of the committee on insurance and secretary of the committee on the judiciary. Mr. Mclntire is vice-president of the Colonial Club of Cambridge, of which President Eliot, of Harvard University, is the president, a member of the Forty-fourth Massachusetts Regiment Association (elected president in 1883), and a member of the Cam- bridge Club. At the time of his elevation to the bench, through his legal ability and by diligent de- votion to his profession, he had become one of the leading members of the justly celebrated Middle- sex bar, and a most successful practitioner and advocate in the courts of the Commonwealth. His appointment as successor to Judge Brooks was almost universally urged by the bar of his county and by leading members of the bar of Suffolk. He was married in 1865 to Miss Maria Therese Finegan. They have five children : Mary Amelia (Cornell University), Henrietta Elizabeth (Harvard Annex), Charles Ebenezer, Frederic, and Blanche Eugenie Mclntire. 74 MEN OF PROGRESS. MINER, Rkv. Alonvo Ames, senior pastor of the Second [Iniversalist Society of Boston (Co- lumbus Avenue), and distinguished in reform and educational work, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Lempster, August 17, 181 4, son of Bena- jah Ames and Amanda (Carey) Miner. He is a descendant of Thomas Miner, who came to Bos- ton with the elder \\'inthrop in 1630, and who was a descendant of Henry Bullman, Somerset- shire, England, distinguished by Edward HI. for loyal service, who changed his name in honor of his profession as a miner. On the maternal side his ancestry is traced to English stock, which lo- A. A. MINER. cated in this country a century and a half ago. He was educated in public schools and acade- mies, and prepared for active life by private study and school-teaching. From his sixteenth to his twentieth year he taught in public schools, and the following four years in academies, from 1834 to 1835 being associated with James Garvin, a graduate of Dartmouth College, in the conduct of the Cavendish (Vt.) Academy, and from 1S35 to 1839 at the head of the Unity (N.H.) Scientific and Military Academy. In 1838 he was received into the fellowship of the Universalist church, and the following year ordained to its ministry. He was first settled in Methuen, where he remained three years. Thereafter he was for six years pas- tor of a Universalist church in Lowell, and then (in 1848) came to Boston, called to the Second Universalist Society as colleague of the eminent Hosea Ballou, one of the fathers of Universal- ism, succeeding in this position the Rev. Edwin H. Chapin, who afterwards became famous as preacher and lecturer. Upon the death of "Father" Ballou in 1852, Dr. Miner became sole pastor of the society: and he so remained till 1867, when, on account of his college connection, he was given a colleague who was continued but a few months. Since that time he has had but two other colleagues ; and between the withdrawal of the second and the coming of the third, a pe- riod of seventeen years, he performed without assistance all the duties of the pastorate, while engaged in much educational work and a leader in numerous reform movements. From 1862 to 1875 hs ^^'^s president of Tufts College, preach- ing regularly during that time to his Boston parish at each Sunday morning service, and in the col- lege chapel on College Hill in the afternoon. From 1869 to 1893 he was a member of the Massachusetts State Board of Education, and for nearly twenty years chairman of the Board of Vis- itors of the State Normal Art School in Boston, which he was largely influential in establishing. In 1863 he was elected by the Legislature an over- seer of Harvard College. He has had long expe- rience on school committees, having served on the boards of Methuen, Lowell, and Boston. In 1864 he was chaplain of the State Senate; in 1855 he was the Fourth of July municipal orator; and in 1884 he was the preacher of the last elec- tion sermon before the governor and the General Court, the custom which had prevailed since 17 I 2, broken only by the Revolution, being abol- ished by the next Legislature. He has been pres- ident of the Universalist Publishing House in Boston since its foundation, of which he was the originator ; is president of the Board of Trus- tees of Dean Academy at Franklin and of tlie Bromfield School at Harvard; chairman of the executive committee of Tufts College ; member of the executive committee of the American Peace Society; and chairman of the Connnittee of One Hundred of Boston. He is also a member of the American .Academy of Political and Social Sci- ence, of the National Reform Association, and of the Universalist Club of Boston. Dr. Miner's work as a temperance reformer and his advocacy MEN OF l^ROGKESS. 75 of I'lohibition have brought him into national prominence. I'o this cause he lias devoted a large share of his active life, speaking, writing, and working for it with great vigor and persist- ence. He was the Prohibition candidate for gov- ernor of the State in 1878, and for mayor of Bos- ton in 1893 ; and he has been long the most conspicuous leader of his party in New England. For twenty years he was president of the Massa- chusetts Temperance Alliance. He has been a frequent contributor to the denominational and secular press, and was at one time editor of The Stiv of Bcthlcliciii, a weekly paper published in tlie cit\' of Lowell. His publications in book and pamphlet form include "Old Forts Taken,'" " Bible Exercises," election, baccalaureate, con- vention, dedication, and various occasional ser- mons, " Right and Duty of Prohibition," and nu- merous others. Dr. Miner received the degree of A.M. from Tufts in 1861, that of S.T.D. from Harvard in 1863, and that of LL.D. from Tufts in 1875. His interest in Tufts College began with the beginning of the institution in 1854. He delivered the address at the laying of the corner- stone of the first college building. He has been a generous contributor to its funds, giving among other gifts forty thousand dollars for a theological hall. Dr. Miner married, August 24, 1836, Miss Maria S. Perley, daughter of Captain Edmund and Sarah Perley. They have no children. MORSE, Robert McNeil, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of Boston, born .August 11, 1837, son of the late Robert M. Morse, for many years a respected merchant in that city, and of his wife, Sarah M. (Clark). He was educated in private schools, at the Eliot High School, Jamaica Plain, and at Har\ard. where he graduated in the class of 1857. This class, though small, was dis- tinguished for the number of men who afterwards attained prominence in various walks, among them bemg John C. Ropes, John I). Long, J. Lewis Stackpole, Robert D. Smith, General Charles F. W'olcott. and the Rev. Joseph May, of Philadelphia. Mr. Morse studied law in the Har- vard Law School, and was admitted to the bar in i860. Since that time he has been in practice in Boston, and has long held a foremost position as a general counsellor and advocate. He has been engaged in many notable causes before the courts of the State, and also in the United States courts. such as the famous Moen case, and the Arm- strong and Codman will contests, and has been retained in much important litigation relating to the water-supply of cities and towns, insurance, and other contracts, and in a great variety of tort cases, including actions of libel and claims for personal injury. His pul)lic service has been confined to two terms in the State Senate (1866-67), ^"cl on*^ in the lower house of the Leg- islature (1880). \\'hen in the Senate, he drafted and introduced the bill for the repeal of the usury laws, and passed it through in the face of strong opposition ; served on important standing commit- ROBERT M. MORSE. tees : was chairman of the special committee on the subject of the proiiibitory law then on the statute book, before which John A. Andrew, then e.x-governor. made his famous argument in behalf of the license system : and subsequently he drew the report of the committee in favor of the repeal of the prohibitory law. In tlie House he was chairman of the committee on the judiciary, and was prominent in securing the enactment of the laws authorizing the last revision of the general laws known as the Public Statutes, the grant to the city of Boston of the land on which the Pub- lic Library is now in process of erection, and the capitalization of the .American P.ell Telephone 76 MEN OF PROGRESS. Company. Mr. Xforse is a member of the lioard of office more official defalcation.s were broiu'ht to of Overseers of Harvard College, of the Union, light than in the united terms of all the other University, and Country clubs, and of other social. national bank e.xaminers for the Commonwealth. professional, and business organizations. He was married in 1863 to Miss Anna E. Gorham, daugh- ter of James L. Gorham, and has had seven chil- dren, of whom five are living, the eldest, Mabel, being the wife of Dr. Daniel D. Lee. Colonel .\eedham has long been devoted to agri- culture, and connected with organizations to pro- NEEDHAM, D.^^niel, of Groton, member of the bar for nearly half a century, and long active in various public interests, was born in Salem, May 24, 1822, son of James and Lydia (Breed) Xeedham. The branch of the Needham family to which he belongs settled in Lynn, in 1836. and adhered to the doctrine and usages of the Society of Friends. In this atmosphere his bovhood developed. After a few years spent in local schools and graduating from the Salem High School, he entered the Friends' Boarding-school of Providence, R.L. and there his academic edu- cation was acquired. He studied law in Salem with David Roberts, and was admitted to the Middlese.x bar in 1847. Forming a law partner- ship with Mr. Roberts and Edmund Burke, under the firm name of Burke, Needham & Roberts, he began practice in Boston. Early taking an active part in politics, he had an inlfuential hand in shaping political moves. He organized the coali- tion movement which resulted in the election of (ieorge S. Boutwell to the governorship in 185 i, and in 1853-54 was chairman of the Massachusetts Democratic State Committee. During Governor I'.outwell's two terms he was a member of the governor's staff. Removing to Vermont in the fifties, he was elected to the Legislature of that State, first to the lower house, where he served two terms (1857-58), and then to the Senate, serving in the latter body five terms (1859-63); and in 1863 was Vermont commissioner to the Hamburg International E.\position. Returning to Massachusetts, and re-establishing his home in Groton, he was elected to tlie lower house of the Legislature of this State in 1867 and to the Sen- ate in 1868-69. ^" '871 he was appointed na- tional bank e.xaminer for Massachusetts, and held that office until 1876, performing its important and often arduous duties with thoroughness and promptitude. There were in his charge one hun- dred and eighty-five banks, all of them, with few exceptions, in Massachusetts ; and during his term DANIEL NEEDHAM, mote farming interests. He was secretary of the Xew England Agricultural Society for twenty- seven years, and is now its president ; and his zeal and abilities have been among the principal factors of its success. It has held agricultural fairs in all of the New England States, with full share of public patronage and e.xceptional pecun- iary success : and, at times responsible for the expenses incurred, Mr. Needham has so skill- fully conducted afl:"airs as to escape financial loss. He has been president of many county and town organizations, and trustee of the Massachusetts .Agricultural College from its organization. In the early railroad days he was some time managing director of the Peterborough & Shirley Railroad, and in 1847, in connection with the associate directors, made himself liable for the debts of the corporation, turning over all his property to the banks holding the indorsed paper. Ultimately, he paid every obligation, and perfected arrange- ments whereby he was in time reimbursed by the corporation. At a later period he was for ten MEN OF PKOGRKSS. 77 years owner and manager of the Monlello Woollen and drain Mills, Montello, Wis., the woollen mill having been built originally by him. He has been for eleven years a director of the Boston Safe Deposit and Trust Company and of the John Hancock Life Insurance Company. ( )ther organi- zations in which he holds official positions are : the Institute of Heredit)' (president since its organi- zation), the Middlese.x ( North ) L'nitarian Associa- tion (president), the Middlese.x political dining tlub ( president and founder), and the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to .Animals (trustee). ( )f his town of Groton he has been town treasurer for many years, and a member of the School iioard. He has been a Republican since soon after the formation of that party. Colonel Need- ham was commissioned by Governor Russell to represent the State of Massachusetts at the Na- tional Agricultural Congress at Sedalia, Mo., in 1S91, also at Lincohi, Neb., in 1892, and at Savannah, Ga., in 1893. At each of these con- gresses he delivered addresses which were exten- sively published, and received much attention at home and elsewhere. His reports are published in the volumes of the State Board of Agri- culture of the years 1S92-93-94. By invita- tion of the Legislature of Ohio he delivered an address in the Senate Chamber, at Columbus, upon his Hamburg mission in January, 1864; by invitation of the Legislature of Wisconsin he de- livered an address upon deepening and improv- ing the navigation of the Mississippi River at Madison, U'is., in 1865 ; and by invitation of the Board of Agriculture of the State of Kansas, an address on the " Relation of the East to the West in its Trade Connections,'' in the Senate Cham- ber at Topeka in January, 1894. These addresses were published by the several State governments. He was sent a commissioner to Mexico by the New England Society, and in 1890 was received by President Diaz with great hospitality. A large number of Colonel Needham's addresses have been published in pamphlet form ; and the one delivered at Saratoga, before the National Bankers' Association, in the early days of the national banks, was regarded as a text-book upon the subject, and had a wide-.spread circulation, more than twenty-five thousand copies having been sent out. Colonel Needham was first mar- ried in Groton, July 15, 1842, to Miss Caroline A. Hall, daughter of Benjamin and Caroline Hall, of Boston ; and bv this union were four children : Eleanor M., William C. II., James Ernest, and Effie Marion Needham. His first wife died June 30, 1878. His second marriage was on Octo- ber 6, 1880, w-ith Miss Ellen M. Brigham, daughter of George D. and Mary J. Brigham, of Groton. l!y this union have been three children : .ALarion Brigham, .Mice Emily, and Daniel Needham, Jr. The son William C. H. died while a member of the Senate of Ohio in 1881. O'ME-ARA, Stephen, editor and general man- ager of the Boston Journal, was born in Charlotte- town. Prince Edward Island, July 26, 1854. His parents moved to the United States when he was about ten years old ; and, after a short residence in Ijraintree. the home was established in Charles- town. Here he obtained his general education in the local schools, graduating from the Harvard Granunar School in 1868 and from the Charles- town High School in 1872. The day after his graduation from the High School he became the STEPHEN O'MEARA. Charlestown reporter for the Boston Globe, that year started ; and in October following he was given a position as reporter on the regular staff. He was an expert shorthand writer, a quick news- gatherer, and early distinguished himself by the 78 MEN OF PROGRESS. excellence of his work. In. December, :874, he resigned his position on the Globe to take that of shorthand reporter for the Joiinial. This was the beginning of his service on that paper, and his advance to the chief place has been through various grades of service. In May, 1879, after an experience of five years in legislative, city hall, news, law, and political reporting, he was pro- moted to the office of city editor : two years later, upon the death of the veteran journalist, .Stephen N. Stockwell, he became news editor, — a position corresponding to that of managing editor in most newspaper offices ; and in June, iSgi, upon the retirement of the late William W. Clapp, who had been long the manager and responsible head of the paper, the chief direction of afifairs was placed in his hands, his title being editor and general manager. Under Mr. O'Meara's management the Journal has been transformed from the folio to the quarto form, and its facilities have been extended and improved. Mr. O'Meara was long the auditor of the New England Associated Press, and is now its treasurer and a member of the ex- ecutive committee. He is also secretary and treasurer of the Boston Daily Newspaper Asso- ciation, a business organization of the Boston daily newspapers. He is a member of the .St. Botolph, Algonciuin, and Press clubs of Boston (president of the latter from 1886 to 1888, his election each year being unanimous.) He was the first instructor in phonography in the Boston Evening High School, occupying that position for four years from 1880. Since 1890 he has served as trustee of the Massachusetts State Li- brary. In 1888 the honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by Dartmouth Col- lege. Mr. O'Meara was married August 5, 1878, to Miss Isabella M. Squire, of Charlestown. They have three children : Frances Isabel, Alice, and Lucy O'Meara. PAINE, General Charles Jackson, yachts- man, projector of the "Puritan," the " Mayflower," and the " Volunteer," is a native of Boston, born August 26, 1833, son of Charles Cushing and Fannie Cabot (Jackson) Paine, and great-grand- son of Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declara- tion of Independence. His mother, Fanny Cabot Jackson, was a daughter of Judge Charles Jack- son, of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. He was educated in the Boston Latin School and at Harvard with Charles W. Eliot, Justin Winsor, Robert S. Rantoul. and others whose names have become widely known, as classmates, graduating in 1853. He studied law with Rufus Choate, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1856. He practised, how-ever, but a comparatively short time, becoming interested in large railroad enterprises. CHARLES J. PAINE. He has been a director at different times of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, the Mexican Cen- tral, and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe rail- roads. He served in the Union army during nearly the entire period of the Civil War, entering the service on October 8, 1861, as captain of Company I, Twenty-second Regiment, Massachu- setts Volunteers. On January 14, 1862, he was commissioned major of the Thirtieth Massachu- setts. On the 2d of October of the same year he was promoted to the colonelcy of the Second Louisiana (white) Regiment and in the summer of 1863, during the siege of Port Hudson, com- manded a brigade. On March 4, 1864, he re- signed the latter command, and joined General Butler in Virginia, the following month taking part in the battle of Drury's Bluff. Three months later, on July 4, he was appointed brigadier-gen- eral of volunteers, and in September, on the 29th, led a division of colored troops in the attack of New Market, Va. In January, 1865, he partici- MEN OF PROGRESS. 79 pated in the capture of Fort Fisher, and for his service here was subsequently brevetted major- n;eneral of volunteers. In the early part of 1864 he served under .Sherman in North Carolina, and after the surrender of Lee commanded the dis- trict of Newbern until November, 1865. On Januarv i S. 1S66, he was mustered out of the service. General Paine's interest in yachting began with his boyhood, and long before the ap- pearance of the famous "crack" boats he had become a master in yacht designing and sailing. In 1877 he purchased the "Halcyon," and so improved her that she ranked among the fastest vachts then on the water. The " Puritan " was built in 1885 by a syndicate formed by him, and he was at the head of the committee which had charge of her during the races of that season. Later he became sole owner, but soon sold her to Commodore Forbes. The next year he brought out the " Mayflower," which defeated the '• Gala- tea " ; and the ne.xt, 1887, the " Volunteer," which outsailed the " Thistle." These yachts were all designed by the late Edward fUirgess, General Paine following their construction with great care. He is a member of the New York Yacht Club, which in February, 1888, presented him a silver cup in recognition of his triple successful defence of the America's cup, member of the Eastern Yacht Club, the Somerset, Union, and Country clubs. General Paine was married on March 26, 1867, to Miss Julia Bryant, daughter of John, Jr., and Mary Anna Lee Bryant. They have seven children : Sumner, John Bryant, Mary Anna Lee, Charles Jackson, Helen, Georgina, and Frank Cabot Paine. Their town house is an old colonial mansion house on Beacon Hill, Boston, and their country place is in Weston. Their midsummer residence is at Nahant. PAINE. Ror.KRT Treat, distinguished as a philanthropist, was born in Boston, October 28, 1835, son of Charles Cushing and Fanny Cabot (Jackson) Paine, and grandson of the Robert Treat Paine whose signature was among those appended to the Declaration of Independence. His educa- tion was acquired in Boston private and public schools, and at Harvard. He entered the Latin School at ten years of age, and graduated at fifteen : and at twenty he graduated from the col- lege with honors. Among his college classmates (class of 1855) were Phillips Brooks, Alexander .Xgassiz, Francis C. Barlow, Theodore Lyman, and Frank 15. Sanborn. After a year's study in the Harvard Law School he devoted two years to travel in Europe. Then, returning to Boston, he further pursued his law studies in the offices of Richard H. Dana and Francis E. Parker, and in 1859 was admitted to the Suffolk bar. Eleven years after (in 1870), having invested his earnings from the practice of his profession in profitable real estate, railroad, and mining enterprises, he retired with a competence, and since that time he has devoted himself mainly to humanitarian work. From 1872 to 1876 much of his time was given to the building of Trinity Church, he being one of the sub-committee of three who had charge of the work. In 1878 he was prominent in the or- ganization of the .\ssociated Charities of Boston, and was made its president, which position he still holds. The next year he organized the Wells Memorial Institute (in memory of the Rev. E. M. P. Wells, who served for thirty years. ROBERT TREAT PAINE. till his death in 1875, at the age of eighty- five, as the missionary of the Episcopal City Mission), the largest workingmen's club in the country, embracing a loan association, two co-oper- ative banks, and a building association ; and sub- sequentlv he raised the various subscriptions. 8o MEN OF I'ROGRESS. amnuntinL; to S90.000, for tlie iiieiiiorial building of the Institute, completed in 1883. In 1887 he gave $10,000 to Harvard College to endow a fellowship for " the study of the ethical problems of society, the effects of legislation, governmental administration, and private philanthropy, to ameli- orate the lot of the mass of mankind " ; and in 1890, in connection with Mrs. Paine, he created and endowed a trust of about $200,000, called the Robert Treat Paine Association, the trust deeds providing that the charities established are always to be carried on by the founders and their children. He is a member of the vestry of Trin- itv Church, of the e.vecutive committee of the Episcopal City Mission, and of the Watch and Ward Society; is one of the trustees of donations to the Protestant Episcopal Church ; is vice-presi- dent of the Children's Aid Society, of which his mother was one of the founders and a director as long as she lived ; president of the Wells Me- morial Institute, the Workingmen's Co-operative Bank, the \\'orkingmen's Pudding Association, and the Congress of Workingmen's Clubs. He has built two hundred or more small houses for workingmen, which are sold to them on easy terms ; published many pamphlets and addresses dealing with social problems ; and striven in vari- ous ways to raise the unfortunate, and especially to improve the condition of the working classes. In 1884 Mr. Paine represented W'altham. where his country seat is, in the lower house of the Legislature; and the same ^ear w'as Democratic and Independent candidate for Congress in the old Eifth District. He had been a Republican (and Eree Soiler) until the nomination of Mr. PJlaine for the Presidency. Mr. Paine was mar- ried in Boston, April 24, 1862, to Lydia Will- iams Lyman, daughter of George Williams and Anne (Pratt) Lyman. Her father was the son of Theodore Lyman, a distinguished Boston mer- chant at the beginning of this century. They have five children: Edith (now Mrs. John H. Storer), Robert Treat, ]t., Ethel Lyman, George Lyman, and Lydia Lyman Paine. Mr. Paine's town house is at No. 6 |ov Street, Beacon Hill. PHILLIPS, Henry Moses, of Springfield, treasurer and receiver-general of the Common- wealth, 1894, was born in Athol, August 11, 1845, son of Alonzo D. and Mary A. ( Robinson) Phil- lips. He is descended from the Rev. George l-'hillips, who c;ime to America in 1630, at the same time with Governor Winthrop and Sir Rich- ard Saltonstall. 'I'he Rev. George Phillips was a graduate of Cambridge College, England, and became the first minister at Watertown, Mass. Among his numerous descendants were John Phil- lips, the first mayor of P5oston, \\'endell Phillips, and the Rev. Phillips Brooks. Henry M. Phillips was educated in the public schools of Athol and Fitchburg, at the Deerfield Academy, and at the Military University of Xorwich. \'t. At the age of sixteen, when at Norwich, he enlisted in the volunteer service, joining the Seventh Squadron, •.^ H. M. PHILLlPS^ Rhode Island Cavalry, and later the Fourth Mas- sachusetts Cavalry, and served through the Civil War till the spring of 1865, when he was mu.s- tered out. As lieutenant of the Fourth Massa- chusetts Cavalry, he served on the Tenth Army Corps staff, under Generals (lilmore, Birney, and Terry, also on the Twenty-fifth Army Corps staff, under General Weitzel, — principally in the Army of the James, in its operations south of Richmond. He began business life as private secretary to the Hon. Henry Alexander, Jr.. then mayor of Spring- field, taking his position immediately after his discharge from the army. In 1.S71 he was ap- pointed deputy collector in the L nited States in- MEN OF PROGRESS. 8i ternal revenue service, and assistant assessor of the Tenth Massachusetts District. The same year he organized the firm of PhilHps, Mowry, & Co., for the manufacture of steam-heating appa- ratus, in which he has been engaged since, his firm being succeeded in 1876 by a corporation under the title of the Phillips Manufacturing Com- pany, of which he is the president. He is also a director of the Second National IJank of Spring- field, of the Springfield Five Cents Savings Bank, and of the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, — on the finance committee of each of the three institutions. He has also been a direc- tor of the Springfield Board of Trade since its organization. His public career began as a mem- ber of the Springfield City Council, in which he served for two years. In 1880 and 1881 he was a representative of Springfield in the lower house of the Legislature; in 1883-84-85 was maj-or of Springfield; in 1886-87 ^ member of the State Senate for the First Hampden District; and in 1894, as treasurer and receiver-general elected to that ofiice by a large vote, he became a member of the executive department of the State. In the Legislature he served, when a representative, on the committee on railroads in 188 1, and again when a senator, in 1886-87; '" 1886 he was also chairman of the committee on towns, and in 1887 chairman of the committees on insurance and on the treasury. From 1890 to 1894 he was postmaster of Springfield (appointed January 23, 1890), resigning the position November 30, 1893, (resignation not accepted till January 6, 1894), to assume the duties of State treasurer. Mr. Phil- lips is a member of the Massachusetts Comman- dery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, a member of the Grand Army, — for two years com- mander of Wilcox Post, Springfield, and one year senior vice-department commander, — a Knight Templar, and a Mason of the thirty-second de- gree. He was married in Springfield, December 29, 1S74, to Miss Julia (Bowles) Alexander. They have one son: Henry Alexander Phillips, a mem- ber of the class of 1897, Harvard. PLYMPTON, Noah Allen, of the firm of Plympton & Bunting, general managers of the New England department of the I'enn Mutual Insurance Company of Philadelphia, is a native of Massachusetts, born in Shrewsbury, September 7, 1841, son of John B. and Hannah E. (Allen) Plympton. He is of .American descent in the ninth generation on both sides. .Vt si.xteen, having already worked some time in his father's shoe factory, he was apprenticed to learn the trade of watchmaker and jeweller, and served till he reached his majority. Thereafter he fol- lowed this trade, the greater part of the time en- gaged in the watch and jewelry business for himself, in Worcester, until 1878, when he en- tered the insurance business. He first became associated with the Penn Mutual Life in 1880, acting as local agent at Worcester. Two years later he was made general agent of the company NOAH A. PLYMPTON. at Boston. This position he held until May, 1883, when he resigned to take the office of ex- aminer for the State Insurance Department, to which he was appointed by Insurance Commis- sioner Tarbox. After a year's service here he resigned (_May, 1884), and returned to the Bos- ton office of the Penn Mutual Life as general agent; and shortly after he was appointed to his present position of general manager of the com- pany's New England department. In 18S5 he was elected to the Board of Trustees of the com- pany, and has since been re-elected from year to year; and he is chairman of the committees on medical department and on accounts, in poll- 82 MEN OF PROGRESS. tics he was a Democrat, voting the "straight" Democratic ticket up to 1884, when he differed with the Democratic party on the tariff question, and since that time he has voted for protection whenever and wherever he could find a candidate who was for it. He was a member of the Demo- cratic State Committee from 1880 until June, 1884, when he resigned, during the "Butler years " of 1882 and 1883 being chairman of the executive committee and having entire charge of the campaigns of those years. In 1883 he was nominated for insurance commissioner of the Commonwealth by Governor Butler, but was not confirmed by the Republican Executive Council. He was never an applicant for public office nor a candidate except when nominated for insurance commissioner, and his candidacy then was only at the request of Governor Butler. He is presi- dent of the Boston Life Underwriters' Associa- tion, a member of the Algonquin Club, of the Butler Club (president since its organization in May, 1887), and of the New England Club (vice- president) ; and he is connected with the Masonic order, member of the Athelstan Lodge of Worces- ter, and the Worcester Chapter R. A. M. He was married at Kewanee, 111., September 17, 1862, to Miss Helen M. Flint. They have five children : Herbert F. (now in business with his father), Harry A. (now a student of law), Alice L., Lucy A., and Frederick K. Flympton. He resides at Wellesley Hills. POPE, Albert Augustus, founder of the bi- cycle industries in the LTnited States, was born in Boston, May 20, 1843, son of Charles and Eliza- beth (Bogman) Pope. He received his education in the public schools of Brookline, to which town the family moved early in his childhood. \Mien he was nine years of age, his father met with busi- ness reverses ; and young Albert at once began to earn something towards his support. At the early age of twelve he started as a successful trader in fruits and vegetables among his neigh- bors. At fifteen he was employed in the Quincy Market, Boston, and later became a clerk in a shoe-finding store on Blackstone Street. At nine- teen he joined the volunteer forces of the Union army, going to the front as second lieutenant in the Thirty-fifth Massachusetts Regiment. He was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, March 23, 1863; to captain, April i, 1864: was brevetted major for "gallant conduct at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va.," and then lieutenant colonel for " gallant conduct in the battles of Knoxville, Poplar Springs Church, and front of Petersburg." He served in the principal Vir- ginia campaigns, was with Burnside in Tennessee, with Grant at Vicksburg, and with Sherman at Jackson, Miss. He commanded Fort Nell before Petersburg, and in the last attack led his regi- ment into the city. After the war he entered business for himself, dealing in shoe manufact- urers" supplies. In 1877, having already founded the Pope Manufacturing Company and become an enthusiastic bicyclist, he started out in the industry which has grown to such extraordinary proportions. At that time the demand for the wheel was limited, and in many quarters there was marked opposition to its use in the public thoroughfares. Accordingly, it was Colonel Pope's mission, at the outset, to overcome the prejudice against it. and to foster a popular interest in hi- / ALBERT A. POPE. cycling. These ends were accomplished in vari- ous ways, and with them sundry public benefits were secured. Opposition, wherever it showed itself, was promptly met and ably checked and dispelled ; the amendment or repeal of adverse city ordinances was secured, and the rights of MEN OF PKOGRKSS. «3 wheelmen in the public ways were defended and established in the courts; trained tongues and pens were brought to champion the bicycle and to promote the public good will towards it ; the liter- ature of the subject was widely distributed, and the best foreign publications were imported and circulated gratuitously ; local periodical publica- tions were encouraged and sustained ; Colonel Pope's company published " The American iJi- cycler," which did much to awaken popular inter- est in intelligent bicycling, and to correct popu- lar misconception regarding it. The first journal devoted exclusively to bicycling, the BiixcHiig Worlds started in the autumn of 1879, was sub- stantially advanced by the patronage of the com- pany ; and it founded, at an expense of several thousand dollars, the illustrated magazine, The Wheelman, which subsequently became the Oitt- iii,i^. Colonel Pope is also pioneer in the move- ment for highway improvement in town and coun- try. Besides his interest in the bicycle industry, he is concerned in several other lines of business. He is a director of the American Loan iV Trust Company and of the W'inthrop Bank, and is con- nected with a number of other corporations and companies. He is a member of the Algonquin, Country, Athletic, and Art clubs of PSoston ; is president of the Beacon Society : commander of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion ; prominent in the Grand Army, and a life member of several chari- table organizations. For two years he was a member of the Newton city government. Colonel Pope was married September 20, 187 1, to Miss Abby Linder. They have five children : Albert Linder, Margaret Roberts, Harold Linder, Charles Linder, and Ralph Linder Pope. PRATT, Isaac, Jr., president of the Atlantic National Bank of Boston, is a native of North Middleborough, born June 27, 18 14, son of Isaac and Naomi (Keith) Pratt. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of Phineas Pratt, who came from England to Massachusetts Bay in the third ship, " Ann," and died in Charlestown, April 9, 1680, at the age of eighty-six years. He was educated ip the town school of North Middle- borough and at Bridgewater Academy. At the age of sixteen he entered his father's counting- room in Wareham, where he remained till 1834. Then he came to Boston ; and after a year with Warren Murdock, in the commission hardware business, he joined B. L. Thompson on Long Wharf, becoming a partner in the lirm in 1836, the business being chiefly the manufacture of cut nails and dealing in hops. He continued in this business till 1843, when he connected himself with ISAAC PRATT, Jr. the Weymoutli Iron Company. Here he was engaged for forty-three years, for a considerable part of the time president of the company. He was also some time president of the Bridgewater Iron Company. His official connection with the Atlantic National Bank began in 1866, when he was elected a director ; and he has held the office of president since 1869. He is also a director of the National Bank of Wareham. In 1875 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature, representing the Brighton District of Boston. In politics Mr. Pratt is a Republican, always voting the regular ticket of the party ; but he has not had much time to give to the organization as a member. He is active in local enterprises, and has served as president of the Charles River Embankment Company, and as treasurer of the East Boston Company. He was married June g, 1840, to Miss Hannah Thompson, daughter of B. L. Thompson, his early partner in business. They have had five children : Ellen Jane Oakes, 84 MEN OF PROGRESS. Isaac Lowell, David Gurney, Edmund Thompson, and Marland Langdon Pratt. PRINCE, Frederick Octavius, mayor of Bos- ton 1877, 79-81, was born in Boston, January 18, 1818, son of Thomas and Caroline (Prince) Prince. He comes of English stock on one side and Scotch on the other, and his ancestors were among the earliest settlers in New England. The first to come to this country was Elder John Prince, son of John Prince who was rector of East Sheffield as far back as 1584, when the Prince family was living in Shrewsbury upon their estate known as " Abbey P"oregate." Elder John Prince came here in 1633, and settled in Hull. His grandson, Thomas Prince, graduated from Harvard in 1707, and in 1718 was ordained as colleague of Dr. Samuel Sewall (minister of the Old South Church of Boston for fifty-six years), which position he F. O. PRINCE. held for forty years, until his death. J.ames Prince, the grandfather of Frederick O., was well known in his day and generation as a prominent merchant in Boston. He was appointed by Presi- dent Jefferson as naval officer at the port of Bos- ton, and afterward United States marshal for the district of Massachusetts. He held the latter office under the administrations of Madison and Monroe. Frederick O. Prince was educated at the Boston Latin School and Harvard College, entering the former in 1827 and graduating in 1832 (receiving the Franklin medal and two other medals for scholarship), and graduating from the college in 1836. He was the secretary of his col- lege class, and the class poet. A year after his graduation he began the study of law in the office of Franklin Dexter and William H. Gardiner, and in 1840 was admitted to the Suffolk bar, when he began the practice of his profession in Boston. He was an ardent Whig, and early in his career took an active part in politics. Maintaining his law office in Boston, in 1848 he made his resi- dence in Winchester, Middlesex County, and rep- resented that town in the lower house of the State Legislature in 1851, 1852, and 1853. The latter year he was a member of the Constitutional Con- vention, taking a leading part in its proceedings. In 1855 he was elected to the State Senate, and in this body at once became prominent and influ- ential. In i860, upon the disruption of the Whig party, he allied himself with the Democratic party ; and he has since been a conspicuous member of that organization. He w-as a delegate from Mas- sachusetts to the memorable National Democratic Convention at Charleston, S.C., in i860, and, ad- hering to the Douglas wing of the party, was made secretary of the National Democratic Com- mittee for the presidential campaign of that year. This position he held through the succeeding campaigns until 1888, being unanimously elected each time. That j-ear, although again elected unanimously, he resigned the office ; and upon his retirement he received from the National Dem- ocratic Convention a resolution of thanks for the " unflagging zeal and distinguished ability " which had characterized his twenty-eight years of ser- vice. Meanwhile Mr. Prince had become again a citizen of Boston; and in 1877 he entered upon his first term as mayor of the city, having been elected by a large vote in the December election of 1876, although his party was at the time of his nomination in the minority. Renominated for a second term, he was defeated after one of the most hotly contested elections in the city, his competitor being Henry L. Pierce. The next year, however, when he was again put in the field, he was returned by a handsome majority, and thereafter was twice re-elected (for the terms of MEN OF PROGRESS. 85 1880 and 188 1). For 1882, though earnestly pressed, he declined renomination. His adminis- tration was especially marked by the adoption of the scheme of public parks embraced in the "public parks system," the development of which is seen in the chain of beautiful pleas- ure grounds now almost encircling the city ; and by the measure providing for the " improved sewerage system," — that fine piece of engineering known as the great intercepting sewer, which takes to Moon Island, outside the harbor of Bos- ton, the sewage of the city proper and the district lying south of Charles River. The great building for the Latin and English High schools, the largest structure in the country for the use of pub- lic schools, was also erected during his administra- tion, and largely through his efforts. In 1885 Mr. Prince was named as the Democratic candidate for governor of the State, and was defeated upon a strictly party vote. In 1888 he was made a member of the Board of Trustees of the Boston Public Library, under whose supervision the classic and richly embellished new Library Build- ing in Copley Square has been constructed ; and in 1893 he was reappointed for a second term of five years. During his mayoralty Mr. Prince was often called to make orations and addresses on occasions of municipal interest, which were highly commended by the press and the citizens gener- ally. Among these may be mentioned the ora- tions on the dedication of the statue of Josiah Quincy in front of City Hall ; on the dedication of the statue of President Lincoln in Park Square : and on the celebration on the 17th of September, 1880, of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of Boston. He made also eloquent addresses at the dedication of the public Latin and English High school-house, at the dedi- cation of the Soldiers' Monument on Boston Com- mon, and at the laying of the corner-stone of the new Public Library Building on Copley Square. Mr. Prince was first married, in 1848, to Miss Helen Henry, daughter of Barnard Henry, of Philadelphia, for many years United States consul at Gibraltar, where Mrs. Prince was born. Their children were: Gordon and Bernard (deceased), twins, Charles Albert, Morton Prince (M.D.), Helen Susan (deceased), and Frederick Henry I'rince. Mrs. Prince died in 1885; and in 1889 Mr. Prince married again, his second wife being the widow of Mr. Samuel P. Blanc, a distin- guished member of the bar of New Orleans. PROCTOR, Tuo.MAS William, city solicitor of Boston 1891-94, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Hollis, November 20, 1858, son of Thomas and Susan R. (Pool) Proctor. He is a direct de- scendant of Robert Proctor, who came from Eng- land and settled in Concord in 1635. He was ^ Lj^aJKe T. W. PROCTOR. V educated in the public schools of his native town, in the Lawrence Academy of Groton, Mass., where he was fitted for college and graduated in 1875, and at Dartmouth, graduating therefrom in the class of 1879. The next year he came to Boston, and began the study of law, reading in the office of the Hon. John H. Hardy and attend- ing the Boston tfniversity Law School one year (1882-83); and in October, 1883, was admitted to the Suffolk bar. In 1S84 he was clerk to the district attorney for Suffolk from July to October, and then entered general practice as a member of the law firm of Hardy, Elder, & Proctor, which was soon after changed, Mr. Hardy being ap- pointed to the municipal bench, to Elder & Proc- tor. In this relation he continued till 1886, when he was appointed second assistant district attor- ney for the Suffolk District. In December of the following year he was promoted to the first assist- ant district attorneyship ; and this position he held until May, 1891, when he was appointed 86 MEN OF PROGRESS. assistant solicitor in the law department of the city of Boston. On the first of February, 1894, he resigned from the city law department to take the law practice of the old Boston firm of Blackmar & Sheldon, upon the appointment of Mr. Sheldon to the Superior Bench. Mr. Proctor is a member of the Boston Bar Association, and of the Uni- versity and Curtis clubs. He is unmarried. RANNEY, Ambrose Arnold, member of the Suffolk bar since 1848, and representative in Congress three terms, is a native of Vermont. A. A. RANNEY. He was born in Townshend, Windham County, April 16, 1821, son of Waitstill R. and Phttbe (.\twood) Ranney. His father was the leading physician of the town, and for two terms the lieutenant governor of the State. He attended the Townshend Academy, where he was fitted for college, and, entering Dartmouth, was graduated in the class of 1844. Then he took up the study of law in the office of Andrew Tracy in Wood- stock, Vt., and in 1847 was admitted to the Ver- mont bar. He immediately removed to Boston, where the following year he was admitted to the Suffolk bar ; and there he has since practised with marked success. Seven years after he opened his Boston office he was made city solicitor, which position he held for two terms. In 1857 he was member of the lower house of the Legis- lature, and again in 1863 and 1864; and in 1880 he was first elected to Congress. He served in the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Forty-ninth Congresses, and was one of the most prominent members of the Massachusetts delegation. Dur- ing his first two terms he was a member of the committee on elections ; and his third, of the committee on the judiciary and of the special committee to investigate the Pan Electric scheme. He has been a Republican since the organization of that party. In his professional work Mr. Ranney has been eminently successful as a jury lawyer. He was married in Cavendish, Vt., De- cember 4, 1850, to Miss Maria D. Fletcher, daughter of Addison and Maria (Ingals) Fletcher. They have had one son and three daughters : Fletcher (now a partner in the law firm of Clark & Ranney), Maria F., Helen M., and .Vlice Ran- ney (now Mrs. Thomas Allen). R.'WMOND, Walter, of the firm of Ray- mond & Whitcomb, continental excursion pro- jectors and managers, is a native of Boston, born October 13, 185 1. son of Emmons and Mehitable Converse (Munroe) Raymond. His paternal grandparents, Asa and Hulda (Rice) Raymond, were long residents of the town of Shutesbury, I'ranklin County, and celebrated that rare occa- sion, a diamond wedding, in .April, 1862. His education was begun in the old Phillips School in Boston, and, the family removing to Cambridge, continued in the Harvard Grammar and the Cam- bridge High and Latin schools, where he was fitted for college. He entered Harvard, and grad- uated in the class of 1873. In college he was a member of the Pierian Sodality, the Signet, and the .Alpha Chapter, Psi Upsilon Fraternity ; and among his classmates were Robert Grant, now probate judge, J. M. Laughlin, Charles T. Rus- sell, Jr., J. Cheever Goodwin, and Eliot Lord, editor of the Boston Traveller. He began busi- ness life as a book-keeper for his brother, Charles .\. Raymond, then established on Hanover Street, Boston. In June, 1875, he entered the railroad business as cashier in the Boston office of the Montreal & Boston .\ir Line & Passumpsic Railroad, and two years later became the general agent of the line, in charge of the several New MEN OF PROGRESS. 87 England agencies. In 1879 he formed the part- nership with I. A. Whitcomb, of Somerville, now so widely known under the firm name of Raymond & Whitcomb; and their first vacation excursion, organized that year, was from Manchester, N.H.. to Montreal. Their system was rapidly devel- oped, and within a few years covered a wide terri- tory. They were the first railroad men to send a vestibuled train to California, to establish the system of transcontinental dining cars, and to despatch dining cars to Mexico. Within a single year (1892) Mr. Raymond, as manager, personally planned and managed one hundred trips through the New England and Middle States, to California, Mexico, Alaska, the Sandwich Islands, and to various points in Europe. He owns or leases a number of hotels in various parts of the country, among them 'Ihe Raymond, at East Pasadena, Cal., and The Colorado, Glenwood Springs, Col. : and he has held the position of postmaster at East Pasadena (the post-office of the Raymond Hotel) since 1887, appointed by President Cleve- land. He is much interested in music, and from 1870 to 1S78 was leader of the Cambridge Ania- bridge. Mr. Raymond was married April 5, 1893, to Miss Hattie Sisson Lewis, of Denver, Col. WALTER RAYMOND. teur Orchestra, a band of twelve members. In politics he is a Democrat, and in religion a Uni- tarian, attending the First Parish Cliurch of Cam- S. H. RHODES. RHODES, Stephen Holiirouk, president of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany, is a native of Franklin, born November 7, 1825, son of Stephen and ISetsey (Bird) Rhodes. He was educated in the public schools and in the Bristol Academy, Taunton. He began business life in Taunton in manufacturing and mercantile branches, and subsequently engaged in life in- surance. He was deputy insurance commissioner of the State from 1872 to 1874, and for five years thereafter, first by appointment of acting Governor Talbot, was chief of the department as insurance commissioner. This position he resigned in the spring of 1879 to accept the presidency of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company (chartered in 1861), at the head of which he has remained since. During the latter part of liis residence in Taunton he was identified with nu- merous local interests, and for two and a half years (1867-68-69) was mayor of the city. Previous to his election to the mayoralty he served half a term on the Board of Aldermen (1867). In 1870- 7 1 he was a member of the State Senate, repre- senting the First Bristol District, where he served 88 MEN OF PROGRESS. on important committees and was instrumental in shaping legislation bearing on insurance matters. Since 1873 he has resided in Boston. He is a member of the Exchange Club, of the Boston Society of Natural History, and of the Roxbury Charitable Society. He was married in Taunton, November 27, 1847. ^° Miss Elizabeth M. God- frey, daughter of Charles and Hannah (Shaw) Godfrey. They have had two children : Henry Holbrook, born November 6, 1848, died Septem- ber 20, 1854; and Annie Elizabeth, born April 30, 185 1, now wife of Lieutenant James M. Grimes, of the United States Navv. RICE, Alexander Hamilton, mayor of Bos- ton 1856-57, Congressman 1859-67, and gover- nor of the Commonwealth 1876-78, is a native of Newton, born August 30, 1818, son of 'I'homas and I.ydia (Smith) Rice. His father was a paper manufacturer, having mills at Newton Lower Falls. He was educated in public and private schools in and near Newton, finishing at Union College, Schenectady, N.Y., then under the presi- dency of the celebrated Dr. Nott, where he grad- uated in 1844, commencement orator of his class. Three years later he received from his (7/»in mater the degree of A.M. ; and in 1876, the first year of his service in the governorship. Harvard College conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL.D. He began business life the year of his graduation, entering the Boston house of \Mlkins & Carter, paper dealers and manufacturers ; and he has con- tinued in the paper trade ever since. Joining with him some years later Mr. Charles S. Kendall, he established the house of Rice, Kendall & Co., paper dealers and manufacturers, with warehouse in Boston and mills in Newton and elsewhere, which firm early took rank among the foremost con- cerns in the business. In i88g, after a prosperous career of nearly half a century, this firm was suc- ceeded by the present corporation under the style of the Rice-Kendall Company, with Mr. Rice as president. He is also president of the Keith Paper Company at Turner's Falls, Mass. He has been a director of the American Loan & Trust Company since its organization; since about 1870 a director of the Massachusetts National Bank; and since 187 i a trustee of the Mutual Life Insur- ance Company of New York, the largest financial institution in the world. His public life began as a member of the Boston School Committee early in the fifties, and as a member of the lioard of Public Institutions, and afterwards of the Common Coun- cil, becoming president of the latter body in 1854. During his first term in the mayoralty (1856), to which he was elected as a " Citizens '" candidate, defeating the " Know Nothing party," the " tripar- ALEXANDER H. RICE- tite agreement " between the city, the Common- wealth, and the Boston Water Power Company, was consummated, under which the dexelopment of the territory now known as the Back Bay Dis- trict was begun; and in his second term the ex- tension of Devonshire Street from Milk Street to Franklin Street, through the narrow foot-path called Theatre Alley, and the opening of Win- throp Square from Franklin Street to Summer .Street were begun. This improvement first brought Franklin Street, Hawley, Arch. Summer, and neighboring streets into business localities, they having been previously purely residential quarters. During the same term the movement for the establishment of the City Hospital was started, and the Public Library Building on Boyl- ston Street was finished. On the occasion of the dedication of the latter, January i, 1858, Mr. Rice delivered a dedicatory address, the other addresses being delivered by Robert C. Winthrop and Edward Everett, respectively. In Congress MEN OF PROGRESS. 89 he was a leading member on the Republican side from the beginning of his long service, and for the greater part of the war period he was chair- man of the committee on naval affairs. As gov- ernor, he represented the State on numerous pub- lic occasions beyond its borders : and his admin- istrations were marked by the enactment and administration of liquor laws which greatly abated drunkenness and assuaged the bitterness of dis- cussion. Also during his gubernatorial terms the settlement of the controversy about the State administration of the Hoosac Tunnel was ad- vanced, the militia was reorganized and invig- orated, and an efficient and aspiring tone was given to all departments of the government, es- pecially to the schools and the humane institu- tions. Among his many formal addresses, besides those above mentioned, a few only of which have been preserved in pamphlet form, are : an address at the opening of the great Peace Jubilee in i86g; address as chancellor of Union Univer- sity in 1 881; address on the occasion of the un- veiling of the equestrian statue of Washington in the Boston Public Garden, July 3, 1869; at the unveiling of the Sumner statue, Public Garden. December 2t,, 1878; one of the course of the Butterfield lectures at Ihiion College in 1892; and the address at the inauguration of the Farra- gut statue, Marine Park, South Boston, June 28, 1893. He has several times been abroad, and in England enjoyed an intimate friendship with the late Dean Stanley and with other eminent men there and on the continent. Mr. Rice is a mem- ber of the American Archa;ological Society ; a fellow of the American Geographical Society (New- York) ; member of the American Historical Asso- ciation ; of the ^^'ebster Historical Association (vice-president): of the Bunker Hill Monument Association (a director) ; and of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Loyal Legion : honorary life member of the Farragut Naval Veteran Associa- tion ; a trustee of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and of the Episcopal Theological School at Cam- bridge ; president of the National Soldiers' Home; and past honorary chancellor of Union Univer- sity. He also belongs to the St. Botolph, the Algonquin, the Art (president of the latter in 1880), the Commercial, and the Thursday clubs of Boston. He was first married in 1S44 to Miss Augusta E. McKim, a sister of Judge McKim. of the Suffolk Countv Probate Court ; and a second marriage was to Mrs. iVngie Erick- son Powell, of Rochester, N.Y. RICKER, James Wii.i.iam, collector of the city of Boston, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Portsmouth, January 31, 1829, son of Charles and Eliza B. (Perkins) Ricker. On the paternal side he is a direct descendant of George Ricker, who came from England in 1760, and settled in Somersworth, then a part of Dover, N.H. He was educated in the Portsmouth public schools, and began active life when yet a lad, as an apprentice in a printing-office in (Jreat Falls, N.H., where he learned the printer's trade. Then, coming to Boston, he was for several years engaged in newspaper work, and in 1859 was one of the publishers of the Boston Liu^^er, an even- ing paper published that year. In 1862 he entered the service of the city, and has remained in it without break ever since. For the first thir- ^^^ JAMES W. RICKER. teen years he was in the office of the city treas- urer, from the second year a deputy collector, the collection of taxes then being one of the duties of the treasurer. When in 1875 the separate office of collector was established, he was a candidate for the new position : and being defeated by his 90 MEN OF PROGRESS. competitor. General Thomas Sherwin, he was im- mediately appointed by the latter chief clerk. This position he held until 1883, when, General Sherwin resigning, he was placed at the head of the department, where he has been retained since by repeated reappointments, through both Dem- ocratic and Republican administrations. JMr. Ricker was married December 28, 1852, in Chel- sea, to Miss Sarah F. Fenno, daughter of Henry W. and Rebecca H. Fenno. They have two children: Julia Marland (now Mrs. Frederick M. Stearns) and Everett \\'ilder Ricker. ROBINSON, Albert Alonzo, of Boston, pres- ident of the Mexican Central Railway, is a native of Vermont, born in South Reading, Windsor A. A. ROBINSON. County, October 21, 1844, son of Ebenezer, Jr., and Adaline (Williams) Robinson. He is a lineal descendant of Jonathan Robinson, born in Cam- bridge, Mass., in 1682, a son of \\'illiam Rob- inson, one of the early settlers there. His grandfather, Ebenezer Robinson, Sr., born in Lexington in February, 1765, and died October 31, 1857, at the ripe age of ninety-two, served in the Revolutionary War for two years, part of the time in the navy as privateer and part as a soldier in the land forces, and for about six months was a prisoner on the prison ship " Old Jersey." His father, Ebenezer, Jr., was also a native of South Reading, Vt., born September 30, 1S09, died July 5, 1848. Albert A. was educated in the public schools, in Milton (Wis.) Academy, and in the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., where he graduated in i86g, taking the degree of C.E. and B.S., and in 1871 M.S. From childhood until he reached his majority he was engaged at farm labor out of school hours, excepting during the years 1856-59, when he worked as a clerk in dry- goods or grocery stores. From 1866 to 1868 he was employed for about five months each year as assistant on the United States lake surveys in astronomical field work and on triangulation of the great lakes. His work on railroads began in 1869, when on May 27 he entered the service of the St. Joseph & Denver City Railroad as axeman in the engineering corps, and thereafter served successively as chain-man, level-man, tran- sit-man, office engineer, locating engineer, and as- sistant engineer until the first of .Kpril, 187 1. Then he became assistant engineer of the Atchi- son, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad, in charge of location and construction, and two years later, on the first of April, 1873, was made chief engi- neer, which position he held till August, 1890. From June i, 1883, to September i, 1883, he also served as assistant general superintendent of the Santa Fe system ; from September i, 18S3, to March i, 1884, he was general superintendent; from March i, 1884, to February i, 1886, he was general manager; from February i, 1886, to May, 1888, second vice-president; and second vice- president and general manager from May, 1888, till April 3, 1893, when he left this system to ac- cept the presidency of the Mexican Central Rail- way Company. During his engineering expe- rience he has had direct charge of the construction of over forty-five hundred miles of railroad, in- cluding the building of the Pueblo and Denver line, one hundred and sixteen miles in seven months, and the extending of the company's line from Kansas City to Chicago, four hundred and fifty-eight miles, from April to December 3 1 of the same year. As president of the Mexican Central, he is in charge of the general business and affairs of the road, with headquarters in Boston. Mr. Robinson is a member of the .American Societ)- of Civil Engineers. In politics he is Republican. He was married December 9, 1869, to Miss Julia MEN OF PROGRESS. 91 Caroline Uurdick, of Edgerton, Wis. She died August 3, 188 1, leaving a daughter, Metta Burdick Robinson, born July 17, 1876. He married sec- ond, September 3, 1885, Mrs. Ellen Francis Williams, a sister of his first wife. ROCHE, James Jeffrey, editor of the Pilot, Boston, is a native of Queen's County, Ireland, born at Mountmellick, May 31, 1847. That same J. J ROCHE. year his parents emigrated to Prince Edward Isl- and, and there he spent his boyhood and youth. His education was acquired from his father, Ed- ward Roche, an accomplished scholar, and at St. Dunstan's College, Charlottetown. Among his college classmates were the present Chief Justice Sullivan, of Prince Edward Island, and Arch- bishop O'Brien, of Halifa.x, N.S. In May, 1866, soon after leaving college, he came to the United States, and engaged in mercantile pursuits. These he followed for seventeen years, at the same time dipping into literature, contributing to various newspapers and magazines, notably the Pilot, when under the editorial direction of his brilliant friend, the late John Boyle O'Reilly. In June, 1883, he joined the regular staff of the Pilot. Mr. O'Reilly offering him the position of assistant editor. This he held until the death of his chief, in August, 1890, when he was advanced to the first place. Early in his professional career he made a reputation as a poet, and as a writer of picturesque and virile prose. His published works are the "Life of John Boyle O'Reilly," pub- lished in 1891; "The Story of the Filibusters," published in London the same year; and a vol- ume of poems, " Songs and Satires," issued in Boston in 1886. He was the poet of the occasion when the " high-water mark monument " was un- veiled at _the national dedication on the held of Gettysburg, June 2, 1892, and also at the celebra- tion of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the town of Woburn, October 6, the same year. That year the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL.I). In 1893 he was ap- pointed by Governor Russell a member of the Metropolitan Park Commission, that year created, but soon after resigned on account of the pressure of editorial and literary work. He is a member of the St. Botolph and Papyrus clubs, and of other organizations. For five consecutive years (from 1884) he was secretary of the Papyrus, and its president in 1890. He is a brother of the late John Roche, pay-clerk in the United States Navy, who perished heroically in the Samoan disaster of March, 1889. RUSSELL, William Eustis, governor of Mas- sachusetts three terms, 1891-92-93, and the youngest candidate but one ever elected to the office, is a native of Cambridge, of sterling stock. He was born January 6, 1857, youngest son of Charles Theodore and Sarah Elizabeth (Ballister) Russell. Of his ancestors, those on the paternal side were among the Puritan immigrants to Bos- ton about the year 1640, and one of them, a Will- iam Russell, was living in Cambridge in 1645; and his paternal grandmother, a Hastings, de- scended through both her parents from the earliest settlers in Princeton. His mother's father was Joseph Ballister, an old-time Boston merchant. His early education was attained in the public schools of Cambridge, and there he was prepared for college. At si.\teen he entered Harvard, where he made a good record as a student, and displayed a hearty interest in athletics. Graduat- ing in 1877, he entered the Boston University Law School with three ambitions, — to graduate at the head of his class, to win the William Beach 92 MEN OF PROGRESS. Lawrence prize for the best essay, and to deliver the class oration at commencement. All three he attained, and he received the first siimma ciim hunk ever given by this school. His successful essay for the Lawrence prize was on " Foreign Judgments : Their Hxtra-territorial Force and Effect." After a year's additional study under the direction of his father, he was admitted to the -Suffolk bar (1880), and began practice in Boston in his father's law firm, — that of C. T. and T. H. Russell. The following year he was elected to the Cambridge city council on an independent ticket by a majority of two votes, one of which WM. E. RUSSELL. (From 11 copyri^'hteil photograph by KImer (_'hickering.l was lost in a recount ; and, with his work in this body, his remarkable career in the public service began. The next year he was sent to the Cam- bridge Board of Aldermen, nominated by both the regular parties, with a practically united constit- uency behind him. Here, as in the council, he took a leading part, displaying ability as a ready and skilful debater, and boldness in the advocacy of local reforms. After two terms in this board he was nominated to the mayoralty at the head of a municipal reform ticket, and in the hot cam- paign following he spoke on the stump in every section of the city. His ticket was elected by an emphatic majority, and he entered the office the youngest man ever chosen to it. This was in 1884, when he was but twenty-seven. He was mayor of Cambridge, through repeated elections, for four successive terms : and his administration was marked by important financial and other re- forms, and the successful accomplishment of a number of great public improvements. Early in this service his fame was spread beyond the limits of his city, and he was frequently "mentioned" for higher offices. During his first term as mayor he was seriously considered for the second place on the Democratic State ticket, and the next year for the first place. He, however, withdrew in favor of John Y. Andrew, and in the convention made the nominating speech, which was followed by the nomination of the war governor's son by acclama- tion. The same year he was pressed to stand for Congress in his district, but he declined. In 1888, when closing his fourth term as mayor, he was again named for the head of the Democratic .State ticket, and in the convention of that year was nominated by acclamation. -Soon after his nomination he began a stumping tour of the State, and spoke night after night for seven weeks, dis- cussing tariff reform and other questions involved in the presidential campaign, with State issues. ,\lthough failing of election, he polled a greatly increased Democratic vote. In October, 1889, he was renominated, and, as before, made a tour of the State, discussing on the stump .State issues, with tariff reform as the leading national one. The result of this canvass was a decrease in the Republican plurality to a narrow margin, .\gain, in 1890, renominated, and making a third tour of the State, this time he carried the election by a strong plurality, although the Republican can- didates for the other ofiices were, with one ex- ception (that of auditor), elected. In the two succeeding elections he was re-elected, with Re- publicans on the remainder of the ticket, each year, after a spirited canvass, in which his speeches on the stump were among the most notable features. Then, declining to stand for a fourth term, he retired at the close of his third with a brilliant record and a national reputation. Returning to the practice of his profession, he be- came a member of the law firm of Russell & Rus- sell, in association with Charles Theodore Russell, Jr., and Arthur H. Russell, the senior partners of the old firm of C. T. and T. H. Russell occupying adjoining offices, giving their attention especially to consultation and advice. He has MEN OF PROGRESS. 93 delivered a number of orations and occasional addresses besides his many campaign speeches within and without the State, the most notable of which were published in a volume issued in 1894 (Speeches and Addresses of William E. Russell, selected and edited b)- Charles Theodore Russell, Jr., with an introduction by Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Boston, Little, Brown & Co.). On the 4th of July, 1888, the year of his first nomina- tion to the governorship, Mr. Russell was the presiding officer at the national Convention of Democratic clubs held in Baltimore. In June, 1884, he was chosen president of the Alumni of the Law School of Boston University, which posi- tion he has since held. In 189 1 he received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Williams College. He is a member of the Union Club of Boston and of the Colonial Club of Cambridge. He was married June 3, 1885, to Miss Margaret Manning Swan, daughter of the late Rev. Joshua and Sarah A. (Hodges) Swan, of Cambridge. They have two children : \Mlliam Eustis and Richard Manning Russell. RUSSELL, WiLLi.^M Goodwin, member of the SufTolk bar for nearly half a century, and the successor of Sidney Bartlett as its leader, is a native of Plymouth, born November 18, 182 i, son of Thomas and Mary Ann (Goodwin) Russell. He is of English and Scotch ancestry, a descend- ant of Miles Standish, John Alden, and Richard Warren of the "Mayflower" passengers. His great-grandfather on the paternal side, John Rus- sell, was a merchant of Greenock, Scotland, who came to New England about the year 1745, and settled in Plymouth ; and his great-grandfather, Samuel Jackson, of Plymouth, was the grandfather of Sidney Bartlett. He was educated in the pub- lic schools of Plymouth and at Harvard, for which he was fitted under the tuition of the Hon. John Angier Shaw, of Bridgewater, graduating in the class of 1840. After leaving college, he taught a young ladies' private school in Plymouth for some months, and for a year was preceptor of the academy at Dracut, succeeding General Benjamin F. Butler in that position. His law studies were begun in the office of his brother-in-law, W'illiani Whiting, of Boston, and completed at the Harvard Law School, from which he graduated in 1845. Admitted to the Suffolk bar on the 25th of July that year, he became at once associated with Mr. Whiting under the firm name of Whiting & Rus- sell. This partnership held until the death of Mr. Whiting in 1873, the firm occupying for a quarter of a century a leading position at the bar. From 1862 to 1865, while Mr. Whiting was serving as solicitor of the War Department at Washington, Mr. Russell conducted the business of the firm alone with brilliant success, and at that early period in his career was classed with the leaders in his profession. After the death of Mr. Whiting he formed a partnership with George Putnam, son of the late Rev. Dr. George Putnam (minister of the First Church of Ro-xbury for nearly fifty years), under the firm name of Russell WM. C. RUSSELL. & Putnam, which association still e.\ists. Al- though repeatedly importuned to accept appoint- ment to the Supreme Bench, he has steadfastly declined ; and he has unhesitatingly refused to stand for any elective office, preferring to devote himself exclusively to the practice of his profes- sion. He has, however, performed all the duties of a public-spirited private citizen, and lent his aid and influence to movements for the public welfare. From 1882 to 1884 he was president of the Bar Association of the city of Boston: and he has been for several years president of the Social Law- Library. He is a member of the Pilgrim Society (vice-president'), of the l^nion Club (president 94 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1882-84), of the St. Botolph Club, and of the University Ckib, Boston; an overseer of Harvard College, a director of the Massachusetts Hospital Life Insurance Company and of the Mt. Vernon National Bank of Boston. He received the de- gree of LL.I). from Harvard in 1878. Mr. Rus- sell was married October 6, 1847, to Miss Mary Ellen Hedge, daughter of Thomas and Lydia (Cof- fin) Hedge of Plymouth. They have one son and two daughters: Thomas (H. C. 1879, a member of the -Suffolk bar, and at present (1894) a repre- sentative in the Massachusetts Legislature for Ward Two, Boston), Lydia G. Ellen (wife of Roger N. Allen, of Boston), and Marion Russell. Mr. Russell's summer residence is in Plvmouth. SHEPARD, John, senior partner of the Boston dry-goods house of Shepard, Norwell & Co., is a native of Canton, son of Joim and Lucy (Hunt) Shepard, born March 26, 1834. He was edu- JOHN SHEPARD. cated in the public schools of Pawtucket, R.L, finishing in an evening school in Boston. When a lad of eleven, he began work here. His first place was in a drug store kept by J. W. Snow. Two years later he was employed in the dry- goods store of J. .'\. Jones, and at nineteen years of age was in business for himself. He first es- tablished the firm of John Shepard & Co. (in 1853). Then in 1861, having bought out Bell, Thing & Co., at that time established on Tre- mont Row, the firm name was changed to Farley & Shepard. Under this title the business was continued until 1865, when the house of Shepard, Norwell & Co., on Winter Street, was founded. Its business rapidly developed and extended until it became one of the largest and most important of the retail dry-goods houses of the city. Mr. Shepard is also a director of the Lincoln Bank, of the Lamson Store Service Company, and of the Connecticut River Paper Company, and president of the Burnstein Electric Company. He is a member of the Boston Merchants' Association. He is an ardent lover of fast trotting horses, and has owned some of the most valuable equine stock in the country, in raising and driving fine horses finding relaxation from the exacting de- mands of the business of his house which he has brought to such a high standard of honorable prosperity. He was married in Boston on the ist of January, 1856, to Miss Susan A. Bagley, daughter of Perkins H. and Charlotte (White) Bagley. They have had a son and a daughter : John, Jr. (married Flora E., daughter of General A. P. Martin, mayor of Boston in 1884), and Jessie Watson (now the wife of William G. Tit- comb, son of ex-Mayor Titcomb, of Newburyportj. Mr. Shepard's winter residence is on Beacon Street, Boston ; and his summer seat is a pictur- esque estate known as " Edgewater," on Phillips Beach, Swampscott. STEVENS, Benj.amin Fr.^nklin, president of the New England Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany of Boston, is a native of Boston, born March 6, 1824, son of Benjamin and Matilda (Sprague) Stevens. He is a descendant on the maternal side of Samuel Sprague, one of the " Boston Tea Party," and through Joanna Thayer Sprague is directly descended from Peregrine White, the first white child born in the Massachu- setts Bay Colony. He was educated in the Bos- ton public schools, graduating from the English High School in 1838. From school he at once entered business life, and received a thorough mercantile training, covering a period of five years. Then he became attached to the United States frigate "Constitution," the famous "Old MEN OF PROGRESS. 95 Ironsides," as clerk to her commander. Captain John Percival, well known in the old navy as "Mad lack," — a most fearless seaman and a old Boston At/(jx, when that paper was under the control of William Schouler and Thomas M. Brewer. Mr. Stevens was married in 1850 to Miss Catherine, daughter of Ezra Lincoln, sister of the late Colonel Ezra Lincoln. He has one daughter (now Mrs. H. L. Jordan). SWIFT, HE>fRY Walton, chairman of the .State Board of Harbor and Land Commissioners, was born in New Bedford, December 17, 1849, son of William C. N. and Eliza N. (Perry) Swift. He is descended from William Swift, who came over from England in 1630, was in Watertown in 1634, and in 1637 moved to Sandwich; and, on his mother's side, from Edward Perry, of Sandwich, who married Mary Freeman, and died in 1695. r)ther ancestors on his mother's side were William Spooner, who died in 1684, and Walter Spooner, who was appointed chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas by Governor Hancock in 1781; Francis Sprague, who came over in the " Ann " in 1623; Samuel Sprague, who was born in 1665, and married Ruth Alden, grand-daughter of John BENJ. F. STEVENS. brave officer, — in which he made a cruise around the world from 1S43 to 1846. Retiring from this service and returning to Boston in April, 1847, he was elected secretary of the New England Mutual Life Insurance Company of Boston. Subsequently, in June, 1864, he was made vice- president of the company ; and upon the resigna- tion of the Hon. \\'illard Phillips, its president, in November, 1S65, was elected to that office, which position he has since held. His connec- tion with the insurance business has extended through forty-seven years ; and he is probably the oldest person holding office in that business to-day. He is a member of numerous local busi- ness organizations, and also of the Algonquin, the Union, the Boston Art, and the Athletic clubs. In politics he is Republican. He has served three terms in the Common Council of Boston, and has twice been unanimously elected president of the Merchants' Club. He has always taken great interest in colonial matters, and has wTitten much on old Boston topics for the Saturday Even- ing Gazette. In 1847, and for a long time after, he was the literary and dramatic writer for the H. W. SWIFT. Alden and Priscilla Mullens; and Arthur Hath- away, who was born in 1627, and married Sarah Cooke, grand-daughter of Francis Cooke, who came 96 MEN OF PROGRESS. over in the " Mayflower." Henry W. attained his education at the Friends' Academy in New Bed- ford, Phillips E.xeter Academy, and Harvard Col- lege. He was at Exeter two years, graduating in 1867; and he graduated from Harvard in 187 1. Then he took the Harvard Law School course, graduating in 1874, and was admitted to the Suf- folk bar the same year. He has since practised his profession in Boston, his principal practice dealing with the law of corporations. He has been associated in a portion of his practice with Mr. Russell Gray. In politics Mr. Swift is a Democrat, and has taken a leading part in the Young Men's Democratic movements in the State. In 1882 he served in the lower house of the Leg- islature, and before that (in 1879 and i88o) was a member of the Boston Common Council, elected as a Democrat from the Republican Ward 9 ; and he has also been a member of the Boston School Board. He was appointed to the Board of Har- bor and Land Commissioners by Governor Rus- sell in 1 89 1, and was soon after elected its chair- man. He is a member of the Union, Somerset, and Country clubs, and of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts. Mr. Swift is unmarried. TAYLOR, Charles Henry, general manager and editor-in-chief of the Boston Globe, was born in Charlestown, July 14, 1846, son of John I. and Abigail R. (Hapgood) Taylor. He was edu- cated in Charlestown public schools, and at the age of fifteen went to work, beginning in a Bos- ton general printing-oflnce, where he -learned the trade of a compositor on the Massachusetts Ploughman and the Christian Register, at that time "set up"' in the establishment. A year later, when employed in the Traveller office, making himself useful in the press and mailing rooms, as well as the composition-room, he joined the Union army for the Civil War, enlisting in the Thirty- eighth Massachusetts Regiment, one of the young- est recruits in the army. He served in the field about a year and a half with General Banks's com- mand, until severely wounded in the memorable assault on Port Hudson, June 14, 1863. After three months in the army hospital at New Orleans, he was honorably discharged, and sent home ; and, as soon as able, he returned to work. Re-enter- ing the Traveller office, after some time spent in the composition-room, he was given a position as reporter for the paper ; and this was the starting- point of his journalistic career. He soon made his mark as a quick and intelligent news-gatherer, and, mastering the art of shorthand writing, did much notable work as a stenographer. While connected with the Traveller, he also earned con- siderable reputation as a correspondent for out- of-town papers, his letters to the New York Tribune and the Cincinnati Times especially at- tracting attention. He remained with the Trav- eller till the opening of 1869, when he was made private secretary to Governor William Claflin and a member of the governor's military staff with the rank of colonel, by which title he has since been popularly called, although he is properly " general " by virtue of appointment to the military staff of Governor William E. Russell in i8gi. The position of governor's secretary he held for three years, and during this time he con- tinued work as a newspaper correspondent. In 1 87 2 he made a little excursion into politics, and was that year elected to the lower house of the CHARLES H. TAYLOR. Legislature as a representative from Somerville, where he had established his residence. The following year he was re-elected, receiving, as on the first occasion, the unusual honor of being the unanimous choice of his fellow-citizens, regard- less of party lines. At the opening of the session MEN OF PROGRESS. 97 of 1873 he was made clerk of the house, elected by a large majority over William S. Robinson, then the widely known IJoston correspondent of the Springfield Rcpiihliian over the signature of " Warrington," who had held the position for many years. In August the same year he was offered the position of manager of the Globe, then about seventeen months old, and struggling to obtain a foothold among the established ISoston dailies. Accepting the offer, he relinquished his place at the State House, and devoted all his energies to the upbuilding of the enterprise. For some time it was conducted as a high-class inde- pendent paper, with a limited circulation : but, upon the reorganization of the enterprise, in the spring of 1878, Colonel Taylor, then in full con- trol, took a bold new departure, bringing out the paper as a two-cent Democratic daily, with the higher priced Sunday issue, conducted on popular lines, appealing to the many instead of the few. Before very long prosperity came to the under- taking; and its development in many directions, under General Taylor's skilful conduct, was rapid. Among the novelties in IJoston journalism which General Taylor has grafted to some extent upon it, through his paper, are to be reckoned the reg- ular illustration of news articles, political cartoons, serial stories, and "signed editorials." General Taylor belongs to a number of social organizations, among them the Algonquin and Press clubs of Boston. He 'was married February 7, 1866, to Miss Georgiana O. Davis, daughter of George W. Davis, of Charlestown. They have five children : Charles H., Jr. (now business manager of the Globe), William O., John I., Elizabeth, and Grace Lincoln Taylor. Since 1880 General Taylor has resided in Boston. THORNDIKE, Samuel Lothrop, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Beverly, December 28, 1829, son of .Vlbert and Joanna Batchelder (Lovett) Thorndike. His earliest ancestor in America was John Thorndike, of a Lincolnshire family, who came to New England in 1633, and in 1636 settled in that part of Salem which is now Beverly. His early education was ac- quired in the Beverly Academy and the Boston Latin School, where he was fitted for college. He entered Harvard in the class of 1852, gradu- ating in due course, and then attended the Har- vard Law School, from which he graduated in 1854. His law study was completed in the Bos- ton office of the late Sidney Bartlett, and he was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1855. For a while he was an assistant in the office of Rufus t'hoate ; and later, in 1861, he became a business associ- ate of William II. Gardiner, which relation con- % '-• ^■- ^k ^Hr , ^^ ■ '^ S. LOTHROP THORNDIKE. tinned until Mr. Gardiner's death, in 1882. He has been engaged mainly in trust and probate business, and the management of estates and corporations. He was register in bankruptcy under the United States law of 1867. He has been a director in many railroad and manufactur- ing companies and other corporations. He has always been much interested in musical matters, and has at various times been an officer of the Handel and Haydn Society, the Harvard Musi- cal Association, the Boston Music Hall, the New England Conservatory of Music, and the Cecilia. He is one of the vice-presidents of the L'nion Club, a member also of the St. Botolph, Tavern, and Examiner clubs, a member of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts, president of the Old Cambridge Shakspere Association, trustee of the Perkins Institution for the Blind, and is connected with various Masonic bodies. In politics he is a Republican. His first vote was for the Whig partv. but since 1856 he has regularly voted the 98 MEN OF PROGRESS. Republican ticket. Mr. Thorndike was manied November 2, itrd, & Snow, was born in Hingham, March 2, iHjy, son of David SIDNEY GUSHING. and Mary (Laphami Cushing. He is a descend- ant in the eighth generation of Matthew Cushing, who came from Hingham, P^ngland, and settled in Hingham on this side in 163S. He was educated in the village school and at the famous Derby Academy of Hingham, where he graduated in May, 1855. The same year and month he began mercantile life in a grocery store on Commercial Street, Boston. The liquor feature of the busi- ness being distasteful to him, he determined to quit it at the first opportunity, and accordingly on the 1 8th of March, 1856, he entered the employ of Whiting, Kehoe, & Galloupe, then the largest wholesale clothing firm in Boston. Beginning at the bottom round of the ladder, he steadily ad- vanced through his own exertions — for he had no moneyed or influential friends to assist him — until he reached the highest position. Since 1879 he has been at the head of one of the leading and most influential houses in the clothing trade. He was largely instrumental in the formation of the '■ Clothing Manufacturers' Association," and was its first president (1893, and re-elected in 1894). Mr. Cushing was a member of the Boston Com- mon Council in 1888-89, and of the Board of Aldermen in 1890 ; and his efforts in exposing jobbery in certain contracts were the means of his defeat for renomination. In politics he has always been a Republican, and of late years has been active in the party organization. He was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Minneapolis in 1892. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, of the Royal Arcanum, and of the Eliot Club, Jamaica Plain, Boston. He was married September 26, 1861, to Miss Sarah E. Corbett, of Hingham. They have two .sons : Albert Lewis and Waldo Cushing. D,\RLIN(i, EnwiN Hakkis, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Calais, Me., born Jan- uary 28, 1838, son of Timothy and Lucy (Sargent) Darling, both also of Calais. On the maternal side he is a descendant of (rovernors John Dudley and John Winthrop. His mother's grandfather, Paul Dudley Sargent, whose mother was Governor [ohn Dudley's grand-daughter, was a colonel in the Revolution, head of a regiment raised by him- self, served throughout the war, and was an inti- mate friend of Washington and of Lafayette. His father, the late Hon. Timothy Darling, was for many years the United States consul at Nas- sau, N.P., Bahama Islands, and subsequently for forty years a banker in that place. His grand- father, having large landed interests in New Bruns- wick, just prior to the war of 18 12 crossed the river to St. Stephens, N.B., in order to protect his interests, and Timothy Darling was born there in 181 1. L'nder the old English law one born upon ]5ritish soil remains an Englishman. Immediately after the close of the war the elder Darling re- turned to Calais. Timothy Darling after retiring from the consulship, declining a renomination, be- came the leading .\merican merchant in the Baha- mas; and during his long residence there he was an elder in the Presbyterian church, and superin- 124 MEN OF PROGRESS. tcndent of its Sunday-school. After twenty-five years' service as a member of the governor's council in the Bahamas, the Queen of England made him a knight of the order of St. Michael and St. George, — an honor rarely conferred upon any one residing in a British colony. During the Civil War his services and unselfish patriotism were most notable. He had a large and extensive business with all of the Southern cities. Nassau was the great depot for blockade runners, and there were but two merchants, he being one of them, who had facilities for shipping and storing EDWIN H. DARLING. cotton. The first steamers which ran the block- ade were consigned to him ; but he resolutely re- fused to have anything to do with them. He was with one exception tile only Union man at Nassau of any prominence, and had occasion several times to aid the United States gun-boats in pro- curing coal and to assist them in various ways. Almost any one else would have found it difficult, if not impossible, to do this, so strong was the feel- ing tliere. At his death Secretary Evarts wrote a most complimentary letter to his widow, acknowl- edging his patriotic service during the struggle. He was a man of the strictest integrity, great be- nevolence, and throughout the English West In- dies was respected and beloved. Edwin Harris Darling was fitted for college at Nassau, and at Hudson, N.Y., and attended \\'illiams College, where he was graduated in the class of 1859. He studied law with the late Hon. George F. Shepley, who at his death was judge of the L'nited States Circuit Court for this District, and also with Doo- little, Davis, & Crittenden, of New York. He was admitted to the bar in New York City in April, 1 86 1. He has practised in ]3oston for twenty-five years. He has been bail commissioner for Suffolk County for twenty years, and master in chancery for the same county eleven years. He has been repeatedly nominated for the Common Council and for the Legislature ; but, being a Democrat in a strong Republican ward, he has failed of elec- tion. He has, however, been elected to the School Committee, in which body he served twelve years through repeated elections, resigning in December, 1893, having still a year to serve. The only societies to which he belongs are the Kappa Alpha and the Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. Darling was married February 2, 1882, to Miss Georgie A. Smith, of Newmarket, N.H. They have had three children: Lucy, (born September 10, 1883, died May 24, 1889), Edwin A\'oodbridge, (born September 7, 1887), and Amy Elizabeth Darling (born March 9, 1889). DEAN, JosiAH Stevens, member of the Suf- folk bar, was born in Boston, May 11, i860, son of Benjamin and Mary .\nn (French) Dean. His father is a prominent Boston lawyer, and was a member of the State Senate for three terms, and representative in the Forty-fifth Congress from a Boston district ; and his mother was a daughter of the late Josiah B. French, mayor of Lowell, and president of the old Northern Rail- road of New Hampshire. He was educated in the Boston public schools and at the Massachu- setts Institute of Technology ; and his legal studies were pursued at the Boston University Law School, the Harvard Law School, and in his father's office. He was admitted to the bar in 1885, and has since been engaged in general and nfiscellaneous practice in Boston. He was coun- sel with L. S. Dabney for the South Boston Rail- way Company previous to its consolidation with the West End Company. In 1893 he was nomi- nated by Democrats for register of probate and insolvency for Suffolk County, and carried Bos- ton, which has never been done before in a MEN OF i'ro(;ki:ss. 12 = county contest against the incumbent, his defeat resulting through the votes of Chelsea, Revere, and W'inthrop. The previous year, and in i8gi, he was a nieiul)er of the Boston Common C'ouncil. He is no\v('icS94) associate justice of the South Boston municipal court, appointed by (governor Russell in 1S93. He is connected with a number of Soutli lioston institutions, among them the South Boston Savings Bank, of which he was an incorporator, and the South Boston Citizen's As- sociation ; is a director of the Kastern Electric Light and Storage Battery Company, and of the % ■% f 4 \^ ^A. ^^B^ 1^^^^^^^^^ [^(■■■■■■m^ Wh^ ■ ^ ■ ^m^^ \ / , /0^ I-' y JOSIAH S. DEAN. D. S. Quirk Company ; and a member of the Bos- ton Athletic Association, the Puritan Canoe Club, the Boston Bicycle Club (secretary of the latter), and of various other organizations. He was the first president of the Associated Cycling Clubs of Boston and vicinity. Mr. Dean was married August 2, 1888, at Bradford, England, to Miss May Lillian Smith, daughter of the late Professor Walter Smith, some time director of drawing in the Boston public schools, and the first director of the State Normal Art School. They have one child : Benjamin Dean. DONAHOE, P.A.TRICK, of Boston, founder and present owner of T/u- Pilot, the earliest permanent Catiiolic organ in New England, and founder of Donahoc's Magazine, is a native of Ireland, born in Munnery, parish of Kilmore, County Cavan, March 17, 1815. His father, Terence Donahoe, was a linen hand-weaver and farmer. His mother, Jane (Christy) Donahoe, was a native of the same place. He came to Boston in 1825, and after at- tending the old Adams School two or three years, supplementing the little schooling he had had in Ireland, at the age of fourteen was at work for himself, having obtained employment in the print- ing-office of the Coliimbiiin Ccntiiicl. He was the only Irish boy in a band of six in the office, — in fact, there were at that time but two Irish boys in all the printing-offices of the town; and he had a hard struggle and some battles, the feeling against his religion and race being strong in those days. Ikit he managed thoroughly to learn the printer's trade, and to acquire much general knowledge. When the Cciiti?icl was united with another paper and issued daily, he left it, disliking night and Sunday work, and obtained work in the office of The Jesuit, a little publication which had been started by PUshop Fen wick in 1832. The Jesuit was not a paying enterprise, and finally the bishop gave it to Mr. Donahoe and H. L. Devereux, a fellow-workman. They changed the name to The Literary ami Catholic Sentinel, and worked dili- gently to advance it, but without profit. Then, in 1836, they began the publication of The Pilot in a small way, with a force, in addition to themselves, of two girls and a boy, Mr. Donahoe taking the entire responsibility. Mr. Devereux soon with- drew, and Mr. Donahoe bent all his energies to establish the paper on a firm foundation. He made a personal canvass, not only of the New England and the Middle States, but of the then Far West and the South. Before very long he had secured a national circulation, and had expanded his paper from a small four-page aft'air to a large and handsomely printed eight-page weekly. For many years it had the field almost to itself; and it became not only a household word in the Irisii Catholic homes scattered over the country, but an influential institution, being almost the only me- dium of Catholic news and instruction in the hun- dreds of new settlements where the visits of priests were necessarily infrequent. One of its most effective features was the department of new-s from Ireland, each week covering many columns. With 'The Pilot Mr. Donahoe prospered, and became the foremost man of his race in New 126 MEN OF PROGRESS. England. About the year 1850 he established, in addition to his newspaper, a large bookselling and publishing house, whence the works of many no- table Irish and Irish-American authors were is- sued. Later he added a great emporium of church furniture, organs, etc., and still further enlarged his business with the establishment of a bank and a passenger and foreign exchange agency. From the wealth which he acquired he gave generously to Catholic charities, advanced Catholic institu. tions, aided Catholic churches, and helped many causes abroad as well as in his adopted country. PATRICK DONAHOE. In Boston he was one of the most efficient promo- ters of the House of the Angel Guardian and of the Working Boy's Home, was the founder of the Home for Destitute Catholic Children on Harri- son Avenue, and its first president; was one of the most prompt and generous of the contributors to the fund for the erection of the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, and a liberal benefactor of the Carney Hospital; and among the foreign institu- tions which he generously aided were the Amer- ican College at Rome, and the Seminary at Mill Hill, England, for the training of priests for the col- ored missions. During the Civil \\'ar. he actively interested himself in the organization of the Irish regiments ; was treasurer of the fund for the equipment of the Irish Ninth, and when the regi- ment was starting for the front gave Colonel Cass $1,000 in gold pieces, one for each man in the ranks ; he assisted in the formation of the Twenty- eighth Massachusetts Regiment called the Fag-an- Bealagh (clear the way) ; in numerous practical ways aided the soldiers at Camp Cameron, Cam- bridge, during the early days of the war; contrib- uted liberally to sending supplies and voluntary nurses to the field hospitals of the Union army ; and gave one of his sons, Benedict J. Donahoe, to the naval service under Commodore Porter in the Mississippi fleet. A son-in-law and two nephews also joined the army, all of whom were killed in the struggle. He was also a member of a com- pany of fifty gentlemen who met on the Common to aid in supplying means to assist the Massachu- setts men in the field ; and at another tune he presided at a great mass meeting of many thou- sands on the Common to receive General Cor- coran of the New York Sixty-ninth Regiment. Early in life he had a short military career as a member of the "Mechanics' Rifle Company," and was in the ranks when his company with others performed guard and escort duty on the occasion of President Jackson's visit to Boston in June, 1833. I" 1S72, before the "Great Fire" in Bos- ton, Mr. Donahoe was counted the riciiest Cath- olic in New England, and in the first rank, both in means and influence, among the Catholics in .\merica. The granite block on Franklin Street, in which T//i' Pilot and his great publishing and other business were housed, was one of the fine business buildings of Boston. This went down in the "Great Fire " ; and with it were destroyed The Pilot plant, stereotype plates, book stock, and other property, causing a total loss of $350,000. Owing to the failure of insurance companies as the result of the heavy losses by this fire, he lost the greater part of his insurance. He at once, however, resumed business, establishing himself on U'ashington Street, near Essex. Here he was burned out again in the destructive fire of May 30, 1873, in that neighborhood. After this fire he went to Cornhill to get out his paper, and here was for the third time burned out. 'i'hen he built a large building on Boylston Street, at a cost of over Sioo,ooo, In addition to these losses he lost fully $250,000 through indorsements for friends. The panic and depression following, the friends who had advanced money to him to sus- tain his business felt constrained to withdraw their II MEN OF PROGRESS. 127 assistance ; and then, in 1876, the climax was reached when his banlc was obliged to suspend |)a\inent, the indebtedness to depositors being 573,000. '{'hereupon he placed everything he possessed at the disposal of his creditors ; but property having teniporarih' shrunk in \alue, and liiat which he held having been heavily mortgaged in the interest of his business, the estate could not be made to realize its real value. .\t this juncture Archbishop Williams came to his relief, purchasing three-fourths interest in The Pilot. John Boyle O'Reilly, whom Mr. Donahoe had some time before placed in editorial charge, pur- chased the remaining fourth, and took charge also of the entire business management of the paper ; and the bank depositors were ultimately paid off in yearly dividends. Mr. Donahoe, at the time of his embarrassment, sixty-three years of age, cheer- fully and hopefully took up the only part of his great business left to him, — the passenger and foreign exchange agency, — and set about rebuild- ing his fortunes. In 1878 he began the publication of his monthly periodical, under the name of Don- ahoe' s Magazine, and with his old-time energy per- sonally established its circulation, going over the same ground that he traversed in his young man- hood for The J'i/oi forty years before. Gradually his business developed, his magazine attained wide circulation and popularity, and within a com- paratively few years he found himself again in the enjoyment of a competence. In 1891, a few months after the death of Mr. O'Reilly, he was enabled to repurchase The Pilot, and at the age of seventy-six he resumed its conduct with all the ardor of youth. He at once enlarged the sheet, mtroduced new features, and his card to his pa- trons announced his policy to be " to keep The Ti/ot equal to the demands of its readers, and to maintain in the future the place which it has held for over half a century as the leading Irish-.Vmer- ican Catholic publication." Soon after his return to The Pilot he sold his magazine to a new com- pany. In 1893 Mr. Donahoe received from the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, the distin- guished honor of the La_-tare medal of solid gold, conferred annually upon a layman who has ren- dered signal service to the American Catholic public, and it was formally presented to him on St. Patrick's Day, that year, immediately after the meeting of the Charitable Irish Society in Boston, in the presence of a notable company. On this occasion the Very Rev. William liyrne, D.D., V.G., who had been deputed by Archbishop Will- iams to confer the medal, and the Rev. J. .\. Zahm, C.S.C., vice-president of the L'niversity of Notre Dame, made highly complimentary ad- dresses, recalling Mr. Donahoe's conspicuous ser- vices in many fields, his liberal acts and charitable deeds, and pronouncing the honor most worthily bestowed, the vicar-general characterizing it as "the crowning honor of a well-spent life." Mr. Donahoe is the oldest living member of the Ciiari- table Irish Society, with which he has been identi- fied for upwards of half a century, and is con- nected with other benevolent organizations. For nine years he served as a member of the board of directors of city institutions, and was instrumental in securing the admittance of Catholic clergymen to these institutions, only Protestant chaplains before his appointment to the board being ap- pointed. Mr. Donahoe was first married Novem- ber 23, 1836, to Kate Griffin. By this union were four children: Mary E., Benedict J., Jerome, and Chrysostom P. The last-named only is now liv- ing. The eldest, Mary E., married Patrick Hughes, of Toronto, and had six children, one of whom is now married, living in Seattle, Wash., and has one child, making Mr. Donahoe a great- grandfather. His first wife died November 15, 1852, aged thirty-six years. He married secondly at Littlestown, Penna., April 17, 1853, Annie E. Davis, daughter of Dr. and Mary E. Davis, of that town. Of this marriage were also four children: John Francis, Patrick M., Joseph V., and Gene- vieve E. Donahoe. All are still living ; and all are married except the first, and have families. Three of his sons are with him in The Pi/ot office and in his other enterprises: and the other, J. Frank Don- ahoe, is organist of the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, and prominent in Boston music circles. DONOVAN, Edward Jamks, collector of inter- nal revenue for the district of Massachusetts, 1894, is a native of Boston, born March 15, 1864, son of Lawrence and Nancy Donovan. His father was for a quarter of a century one of the leading tobacconists of the city. He was edu- cated in the Boston public schools, graduating from the Phillips Grammar School in 1878, and afterwards attending the English High School. He began business life immediately after leaving school as a clerk in the wholesale millinery house of William H. Horton i\: Co., and afterwards was 128 MEN OF PROGRESS. with the house of iJrown, Durrell, >\: Co., with whom he remained till 1889. Political life early attracted him, and before he had reached his ma- jority he had become active in local politics. When twenty-two years of age, he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and the follow- ing year re-elected ; and then twice sent to the Senate (for 18S9 and i8go) for the Third Suffolk District. In the years of his service in the House (1887 and 1888) he was the youngest member of that body ; and he has the distinction of being the youngest man ever elected to the Senate, being EDWARD J. DONOVAN. but twenty-four years of age when he entered it. In both branches he took a prominent part, serv- ing on important committees, among the number those on street railways, water supply, cities, mili- tary affairs, and liquor law, and had no superior as a ready debater. In 1892 he was appointed to the Boston Board of Health by Mayor Matthews for the term of three years, and was occupying this position when he received the appointment of internal revenue collector from President Cleve- land in January, 1894. Before he became a city official, he served on the Democratic State and City Committees, for three years first vice-presi- dent of the latter. At the State Democratic con- ventions of 1890 and 1891 he was selected for- mally to second the nomination of (iovernor Rus- sell; and at the municipal convention in 1891 he placed Nathan Matthews, Jr., in nomination for mayor of Boston ; and in every campaign since 1888 he has been one of the Democratic party's most effective speakers on the stump. In the National Democratic Convention at Chicago, in 1892, he was delegate from Massachusetts. He is a member of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, and of the Hendricks Club of Boston, the presidency of which he has held since its formation in 1S85. From the time of leaving the house of Brown, Durrell, & Co. till his ap- pointment to the Board of Health he was in the newspaper business, being manager and half- owner of the Boston Democrat. He was married June I, 1 89 1, to Miss Margaret McGivney. They have two children : Frances and Edward J. Dono- van, Jr. DYER, MiCAH, Jr., member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Boston, born September 27, 1829, son of Micah and Sally (Holbrook) Dyer. He is of English descent. He was educated in the Eliot School in Boston, where he received the Franklin medal, at Wilbraham Academy and Tilton Seminary, and graduated from the Harvard Law School in 1850. He entered the law office of Stephen G. Nash, judge of the Superior Court of Suffolk County, and soon after was admitted to the bar, and began practice. He early won a large clientage. In 1861 he was admitted to [iractice in the Supreme Court of the United States. He has had the management or been executor and trustee of a large number of estates, and the integrity of his administration has gained him high esteem. He was elected from Boston to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1854, and served two terms (1855 and 1856), the youngest member of the body. He was for several years a member of the Boston School Board and chairman of the Eliot School commit- tee. During the latter service he was hastily summoned one morning to quell a disturbance in the school occasioned by the refusal of four hun- dred Catholic boys to obey the rule which re- quired the recitation of the Lord's Prayer and the Decalogue. Not considering what church they might represent, but taking his stand on the ques- tion, " Is it a rule, and have they refused to obey it.'" and finding the charge true, he promptly ex- pelled the whole four hundred. He left the de- MEN OF PROGRESS. 129 cision as to the injustice of the law or rule to those who had the power to annul it ; yet he was severely criticised, and was made to suffer for this MICAH DYER, Jr. performance of his duty. The parents of the children, however, soon understood the situation ; and within two weeks almost every boy had ap- plied for readmission, promised to obey the rules, and had been received. Mr. Uyer was the first president of the Female Medical College in Bos- ton (established in 1855). That was in the days when the medical faculty did not approve of " women doctors," and explains why the di- plomas of the early graduates bore the signature of an LL.K. instead of an M.l). fie is a member of the Boston Women's Charity Club, and one of the advisory board of the organization in the care of the Gifford fund donation to its hospital. Other organizations to which he belongs are the American Bible Society, of which he is a life member, the Massachusetts Temperance .\lliance, the New England Conference Missionary .Society, the Bostonian Society, Post 68 of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Eliot School Association (president), and the Old School Boys' .Associa- tion (president); and he was a member of the old Mercantile Library Association of Boston from 1849. He has been a Free Mason for forty years, now belonging to the Boston Commandery, and has taken thirty-two degrees. He was also for many years an Odd Fellow in good standing. In politics he is a liberal Republican. He has done much benevolent work in a quiet way, and unostentatiously has expended thousands of dol- lars in rendering life easier to the poor, the sick, and the unfortunate. Mr. Dyer was married in May, 1851, to Miss Julia A. Knowlton, of Man- chester, N.H. They have had two sons and one daughter. The daughter died in infancy. The sons are both residents of Boston: Dr. Willard K. Dyer, of P)oylston Street, and Walter R. Dyer, who is associated with his father in business. EMERY, Thom.^s Jefferson, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in i'oland, December 26, 1845, son of Hiram and Margaret (Young) Emery. He is of English ancestry, a direct descendant on the paternal side of An- thony and Frances Emery, who came to Boston June 3, 1635, from Romsey, England, and subse- quently settled in Kittery, Me. His early educa- THOMAS J. EMERY. tion was acquired in the public schools of North Falmouth, Me., and at Westbrook Seminary, Deering, Me., where he was fitted for college ; I30 MEN OF PROGRESS. and his collegiate training was at Bowdoin, from which he was graduated in the class of 1868. For the first six or eight years after graduation he was engaged in school-teaching, beginning in public schools in Maine, and then becoming the first principal of the Greely Institute of Cumber- land, Me. From 1870-71 he was principal of the famous Derby Academy of Hingham, Mass., and later taught several years in the English High School of Boston. He studied law in the Boston University Law School, and upon his graduation therefrom, in 1877, was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County. He has since prac- tised in Boston, giving attention especially to probate and commercial law. In politics he is Republican. He has served three terms in the Boston Common Council (1881-82-83) ^s a repre- sentative of Ward Eighteen, and four years in the School Committee (1889-90-91 and 1893). During his service in the latter board he was chairman of the committees on high schools, rules and regulations, and evening schools, besides serving on other committees. He was especially interested in the high and evening school work. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association, of the Boston Commandery, of Knights Templar, and of Massachusetts Consistory. He is un- married. FALLON, Joseph Daniel, justice of the Mu- nicipal Court, South Boston District, is a native of Ireland, born in the village of Doniry, County Galway, December 25, 1837, son of Daniel and Julia (Coen) Fallon. He was reared on a farm, and attended the national and private schools in the neighborhood of his home. At the age of fourteen he came to this country, most of the family having preceded him ; and shortly after his arrival (in 1852) he entered the college of the Holy Cross at Worcester. He was graduated with distinction in the class of 1858, and received his degree of A.B. from Georgetown College, Holy Cross not then being a chartered institu- tion. After leaving college he taught school for awhile, first in Woonsocket, R.I., and subse- quently in Salem and in Boston. While in Salem he began the study of law in the office of the late Judge Perkins, and in 1865 was admitted to the bar. Opening his office in Boston, in course of time he entered upon a large and lucrative prac- tice, and, as e-xecutor and trustee, undertook the care of numerous important interests. For many years he has been the legal adviser of clerg^-men and corporations in various parts of the Common- wealth. When the South Boston court was es- JOSEPH D. FALLON. tablished, in 1874. he was appointed by Governor Talbot the first special justice ; and upon the death of Judge Burbank, in 1893, he was made justice of the court. While serving as special justice, he held court for long periods during the absences of Judge Burbank, occasioned, in large part, by failing health, and upon him, in fact, de- volved the most difficult part of the work of the court since its establishment ; for every important new law went into operation when he was occupy- ing the bench. F'or nearly twenty years he was a member of the Boston School Committee, first elected to the board in 1864. During this long service he was in accord with the broadest men among his associates, supporting and advocating every advance made or proposed in the adminis- tration of the schools and for the improvement of the system, notably prominent in the movements for the addition, to the system, of manual training, sewing, and the kindergarten. Judge Fallon has for several years been one of the examiners for the State Civil Service Commission. Since 1877 he has been vice-president of the Union .Savings Bank, and its counsel for the past four years. MEN OF PROGRESS. In politics he is a Democrat. He was married August 9, 1S72, to Miss Sarah E. Daley. They have four children : Euphemia M., Catherine M., Josephine S., and Joseph D. Fallon. FLOWER, Benjamin Orange, of Boston, ed- itor of the Arena, is a native of Illinois, born in Albion, October 19, 1859, son of Alfred and Elizabeth (Orange) Flower. He was educated by private tutors at his home, in the public schools of Evansville, Ind., the family having moved to this place when he was a boy, and at the Ken- tucky University. It was his first intention to fol- low the profession of his father and eldest brother, the Rev. George E. Flower, and enter the minis- try: but, experiencing a change of religious views, he resolved to pursue the profession of journal- ism. Thereupon he undertook the editorship of the American Sentinel, a weekly society and liter- ary journal published in his native town. In this work, however, he was engaged but a short time, in 188 1 removing to Philadelphia, where he be- came associated with his brother. Dr. Richard (_'. B. 0. FLOWER. a monthly literary journal, under the name of the American Spectator. In 1889 this journal, which had reached a circulation of over ten thousand, was merged in the Arena, the first number of which appeared in the December issue that year. Subsequently the Arena Publishing Company, for the publication of the magazine and of books, was established, with Mr. Flower as treasurer. His idea in founding the Arena was to provide a popular tribune for a fair hearing to radical and progressive thinkers. While conducting his mag- azine, Mr. Flower has also contributed frequently to other periodicals and to the newspaper press; and he has published a number of volumes. Most notable among the latter are " Civilization's Inferno," " Lessons Learned from Other Lives," and "The New Time," published June, 1894. The first-mentioned work is a critical study of life in the social cellar, and has proved very popu- lar, three editions having been exhausted within twelve months from the date of its publication. Mr. Flower's religious views are pronounced and liberal, in accord with those of the so-called evolu- tionary school of Unitarians. He is a firm be- liever in a future life, and is greatly interested in psychical research, being vice-president of the American Psychical Society. He believes that through critical and scientific investigations of psychical phenomena immortality or, at least, the reality of a future life will some day be demon- strated to the satisfaction of the thinking world. He has for several years occupied a pew in Rev. M. J. Savage's church. He was married Septem- ber 10, 1886, to Miss Hattie Cloud, of Evansville, Ind. They have no children. Flower, taking charge of the latter's extensive professional correspondence. A few years later he came to Boston, and began the publication of GAGE, RoscoE Witherlie, president of the Boston Loan Company, is a native of Maine, born in Castine, September 3, 1835, son of Charles C. and Eliza (Harriman) Gage. His education was acquired in the Bangor public schools. He began business life in 1850, as a clerk with David Bugbee & Co., booksellers and stationers of Bangor. In 1857 he removed to Portland, and engaged in the Hour and grain business on his own account. In i860 he was admitted to the old established firm of Blake & Jones, as a part- ner, under the style of Blake, Jones, & Co., which was subsequently changed to Blake, Jones, & Gage, and became the largest and most promi- nent concern in that trade in the State. Ten 132 MEN OF PROGRESS. years later he retired from this firm and went to Chicago, 111., where he entered the grain commis- sion business in partnership with Charles F. Harbor (the houses of industry and reformation), was born in Chelsea, March 25, 1841, son of Richard and Sarah Ann (Ellison) Gerrish, of Exe- ter, N.H. He is a descendant of Captain Will- iam Gerrish, born in England, August 17, 1620, who came to this country in 1638, and died in Boston, November 9, 1687. His great-great-great grand uncle, Richard Gerrish, was one of the council of Governor \\"entworth before the Revo- lution ; and Colonel Timothy, Richard's brother, settled Gerrish Island, Portsmouth Harbor. His father was born in 1807 at Lebanon, Me., one of thirteen children, twelve boys and a girl, and died of consumption in 1843 at Nashua, N.H., where he went from Chelsea for his health ; and his mother, born in Exeter, N.H., died at eighty-four, of old age. He was the youngest of four children. He was educated in the Chelsea public schools. Early apprenticed to a carpenter and builder, he began work at that trade when in his teens, and pursued it till the outbreak of the Civil War. Then he enlisted in the First Regiment Massachu- setts Volunteers, and served in the field for twenty months, when he was discharged for disability. After his recovery he became a clerk in a Boston R. W. GAGE. Davis, under the firm name of Gage & Davis. In 1875 he removed to Washington, having accepted a position in the United States Treasury Depart- ment. This office he held for nearly eight years, and resigned in 1883 to take the position of cashier in the Boston Loan Company, incor- porated in 1878, with a capital of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and now having among its directors N. B. Bryant and Charles W. Bartlett. well-known members of the Suffolk bar, and Hor- ace E. Bartlett, of Haverhill, attorney at law. He has since remained with this corporation, becom- ing its president on the first of January, i8go. Mr. Gage was married in 1855, at Portland, Me., to Miss Mary J. Blake, daughter of Charles Blake, with whom he subsequently became associated in business, as above stated. He married secondly, in 1874, Miss Nancy M. Howe, of Boston, daugh- ter of Leonard Howe. He has three sons : Edwin, Clinton, and William A. Gage. He re- sides in the suburb of AUston. JAMES R. GERRISH. dry-goods store, where he remained seven years. GERRISH, James Richard, superintendent Next he engaged in the real estate and building of the city institutions at Deer Island, Boston business for himself, and from this entered the MEN OF PROGRESS. employment of the city as receiver at the Deer Island institutions. Three years after, in i88i, he was appointed superintendent of the Charles- town District almshouse. His services covered eight years. Then, in 1889, he was appointed to the superintendency of the Deer Island institu- tions, which he has held from that date. He is connected with the Masonic order and the Grand Army of the Republic: a member of the Blue Lodge, Chapter, Council, and Knights Templar, and of Abraham Lincoln Post 1 1 . He is also a member of the Union Veterans' Union, Camp No. I, General Hancock, and of the United Order of Workmen. He was married in Chelsea, Septem- ber 23, 1863, to Miss Amelia M. Getchell, of Wis- casset. Me. They have had four children : Emma Louise, Fred Leander, Amelia Annette, and Mabel Florence Gerrish, the last-mentioned the only one now livinsr. GINN, Edwin, publisher of school and college te.xt-books, Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Orland, February 14, 1838, son of James and Sarah (Blood) Ginn. His early boyhood was spent on the farm, with plenty of outdoor life, picking up rocks, milking cows, and doing the or- dinary work of a farmer's boy, attending the dis- trict school four months in the year. At the age of twelve he was in a logging swamp, and cook- ing for a crew of men. At fourteen he was fishing on the Grand Banks. From the Grand Banks he went to the seminary at Westbrook, Me. At this period he walked back and forth four miles from the farm to the seminary daily, and did all the farm "chores." At seventeen he began teaching the district school to obtain funds to continue his education at Westbrook. At twenty he graduated from the seminary (1858), and entered Tufts Col- lege. While in college, his eyes failed him, and he was obliged thereafter to depend upon class- mates for reading his lessons to him. He gradu- ated in regular course in 1862. During his col- lege life he taught winters, and part of the time boarded himself because of lack of funds. His business career has been wholly in the book trade. Six months after leaving college he went upon the road, tra\-elling as a commission agent, and about the year 1867 engaged in publishing on his own account. A little later Fred B. Ginn was ad- mitted to the business, and the firm became Ginn Brothers. In 1876 D. C. Heath, now of D. C. Heath & Co., entered the house ; and in 1881 the firm name was made Ginn, Heath, & Co. This partnership was dissolved in 1885, when Mr. Heath went into business for himself ; and since that time the firm has been Ginn & Co. Among the earlier publications of the house are the Rev. Henry N. Hudson's editions of Shakspere, Good- win's Greek Grammar, and the National Music Course by Luther Whiting Mason, which have been followed by a series of mathematics by Pro- fessor G. A. Wentworth, for many years professor of mathematics at Phillips (Exeter) Academy ; Allen and Greenough's Latin Grammar, Cx-sar EDWIN GINN. and Cicero ; Greenough"s Virgil ; " Essentials of English," by Professor W. D. Whitney, of Yale College ; college series of " Latin and Greek Au- thors," edited, respectively, by Clement L. Smith, professor of Latin in Harvard University, and Tracy Peck, professor of the Latin language and literature in Yale L^niversity, and Professor John Williams White, professor of Greek in Harvard University, and Thomas D. Seymour, Hillhouse professor of the Greek language and literature in Yale University; Goodwin and White's .\nabasis and White's " Beginner's Greek Book " ; Mont- gomery's English, French, and American His- tories; General and Mediaeval and Modern His- tories, by P. V. N. Meyers, professor of history, 134 MEN OF PROGRESS. University of Cincinnati ; " Elements of Pliysics," by Professor A. P. Gage, of the English High School, Boston ; " P>eginner's Latin Book," by W. C Collar, head-master of the Roxbury Latin School, and M. Grant Daniell, of Chauncy Hall School ; Eysenbach's German Lessons edited by W. C. Collar ; Lessons in Astronomy, " Elements of Astronomy and College Astronomy," by Pro- fessor C. A. Voimg, of Princeton College : a full line of Sanskrit and Old English books ; the Athena-um Press Series of English Litera- ture ; Political Science Quarterly, Classical Review, Journal of Morphology, Philosopltical Revic70, etc. In politics Mr. Ginn is Independent. He is a member of the University, Twentieth Century, and Unitarian clubs, and of the Municipal League, all of Boston ; and of the Calumet Club, of Winchester, where he resides. He was mar- ried in 1869 to Miss Clara Glover, who died in 1890, leaving three children: Jessie, Maurice, and Clara Ginn. He married in 1893 Miss Francesca Grebe. mittee from 1862 to 1865, and in the latter served several terms on the School Board, chairman of the board in 1868 and 1869. He also repre- GOODRICH, John Benton, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Fitchburg. January 7, 1836, son of John and Mary Ann (Blake) Good- rich. His ancestry is traced to \Mlliam Goodrich, settled in Watertown in 1634, a member of Sir Richard Saltonstall's colony, whose descendants were the earliest settlers in Fitchburg and Lunen- burg. One of them, Deacon David Goodrich, was a member of the Provincial Congress at Water- town, and commanded a company in the battle of Bunker Hill. His son John was engaged in the same battle, and from him the name of John con- tinued in direct line to the present. John B. was educated in the public schools of Fitchburg, fitting for college in the High School, and at Dartmouth, from which he was graduated in the class of 1857. He studied law, beginning immediately after his graduation from college, with Norcross & Snow, of Fitchburg, and was admitted to the bar in 1859. That year he opened his office in Boston, and has been engaged there since in general practice. He has met with peculiar success in jury trials, and has gained distinction in several notable capital cases. From the time of his admission to the bar to 1865 he was a resident of Watertown, and since then he has resided in Newton, in both places taking an active part in local afl^airs. In the former he was a member of the School Com- JOHN B. GOODRICH. sented Newton in the lower house of the Legis- lature two terms (1869-70), serving both years on the committee on the judiciary. From 1872 to 1875 he was district attorney for Middlesex County. In politics he is a strong Republican ; has always taken an active part in political mat- ters, and is an effective political speaker. He is a past master of Pequossette Lodge, Masons, of Watertown, and prominent in various Masonic organizations. Mr. Goodrich was married April 25, 1865, to Miss Anna Louisa Woodward, daugh- ter of Ebenezer Woodward, of Newton. They have one son, their only child : John A\'allace Goodrich, well known in musical circles as an accomplished organist and musical scholar. GOODSPEED, Joseph Horace, treasurer of the West End Street Railway Company of Boston, is a native of Connecticut, born in East Haddam, January 14, 1845, son of George E. and Nancy Green (Hayden) Goodspeed. He is a direct de- scendant of Roger Goodspeed, who came to Barn- stable in 1639 ; and on his mother's side of fames Green, of Barnstable (died in 1731, aged ninety), MEN OF PROGRESS. 135 who was the son of James Green of Charlestown. The families of Nathaniel Goodspeed and James Green, son of James Green of Harnstable, moved from the Cape to East Haddam, Conn., about the year 1758. His early education was acquired in the Bacon Academy, Colchester, Conn., the Chesh- ire Academy, Cheshire, Conn., and the Hartford High School, and in 1862 he entered Trinity Col- lege, Hartford. He was obliged, however, to leave college before graduating on account of the death of his father, and turn his attention directly to busi- ness matters. His father's business was that of ship-building and country store, and having as a youth, when not in school, acted as clerk and assistant in the store, he had already acquired a knowledge of business methods. .After closing up the estate of his father, he went to Denver, Col., in 1865, to take a position in a banking house there of Kountze Brothers ; and for eleven years he lived west of the Mississippi River. In 1866 he was vice-president of the Colorado Na- tional Bank of Denver, in 1867-68 cashier of the Rocky Mountain National Bank of Central City ; and in 1869-70 treasurer of Gilpin County, Colo- the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs Railroad Company. This position he held until 1874, when he wms appointed general auditor of the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs, the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galveston the Atchison & Nebraska, Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf, Chicago & West Michigan, and De- troit, Lansing & Michigan Railroad companies, which companies were then known as the "Joy Roads of the West," and was established at Kan- sas City, Mo. Two years later, in 1876, he re- turned to the East, having received, through Charles P'rancis Adams, then chairman of the Massachusetts Railroad Commissioners, the ap- pointment of " supervisor of railroad accounts '' for the State of Massachusetts. He was con- nected with the board in that position until i88i, and then retired to take the position of general auditor of the Mexican Central, Atlantic & Paci- fic, and California Southern railroads, under Mr. Thomas Nickerson. Here he remained until No- vember, 1887, when he was appointed treasurer of the West End Street Railroad Company, which position he has held since. Mr. Goodspeed is a member of the A. *. Fraternity (college society) , also a Knights Templar Mason ; and he belongs to the following societies and clubs of Boston : the Algonquin, Suffolk, and Boston Whist clubs, the Society of .\rts, and the Beacon Society, of which he is secretary. In politics he is Repub- lican. He was married January 27, 1S87, to Miss Arabel Morton, daughter of John 1). .Morton. They have no children. J. H. GOODSPEED. rado. Then in 1870 he went to St. Joseph, Mo., to engage in the railroad business, having ac- cepted the position of cashier and paymaster of (iR.\Y, Orin Tinkham, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of Norridgwock, Me., born June 2, 1839, SO" o^ Robert D. and Lurana (Tink- ham) Gray. He comes of Puritan stock. His paternal grandfather. Captain Joshua Gray, was a prominent and influential citizen of his town and county; and his maternal grandfather. Deacon Orin Tinkliam, after whom he was named, e.xer- cised, during a residence of forty years in Nor- ridgewock, an influence in town and church affairs second to that of no man in the township. Both of his grandfathers were officers in the war of 1812. His great-grandfather, the Hon. John Tinkham, was born and lived in Middleboro, this State, in a house which had been consecu- tively occupied by four generations of his family. He held town and county ofifices for many years. 136 MEN OF PROGRESS. and served in both branches of the General Court. Mr. Gray's father was a thrifty farmer and hnnber- ORIN T. CRAY. man, who managed the farm during the summer months, and in the winter conducted an extensive lumbering business on the Kennebec and Dead Rivers ; and his mother won more than a local reputation as a writer. His education was begun in private schools and under private instructors, and he was fitted for college in the Anson and Bloomfield academies. At seventeen he success- fully passed his examination for admission to the sophomore class. After pursuing his collegiate studies for two years, during part of the time also engaged in teaching, he was prostrated by a serious illness brought on by overwork. Upon recovering, he took up the study of law in the office of Josiah H. Drummond, of Waterville, then the attorney-general of Maine; and, in i860, when he had completed his twenty-first year, he was ad- mitted to the bar at Augusta. He began practice in Waterville, but in the autumn of 1862 removed to Boston, where he has since been established. He early took an interest in politics, affiliating with the Republican party. He has been a mem- ber of several national conventions, and was chair- man of the committee on resolutions in that of the National League in 1889; and he has fre- quently spoken on the stump. He has also ac- ceptably delivered many lyceum lectures. Long a supporter of the temperance cause, he has made many addresses on this topic ; and he has re- peatedly served as candidate of the Prohibition party for attorney-general. In Hyde Park, where he resides, he has held a number of local official positions, among them that of chairman of the School Committee for several years, and has been moderator of nearly all the town meetings for more than twenty years. He is connected with the management of several corporations, and is the president and managing director of one of the largest and most successful business enterprises in the Southern States. He has been one of the trustees of the Hyde Park Savings Bank since its incorporation, and its attorney. Mr. Gray was married in i860 to Miss Louise Bradford Holmes, a direct descendant of Governor Bradford. GROZIER, Edwin Atkins, editor and pub- lisher of the Boston Post, is a native of California, born in San Francisco, September 12, 1859, son of Joshua F. and Mary L. (Given) Grozier. On E. A. GROZIER. both sides he is of New England ancestry, his father a native of Provincetown, and his mother MEN OF PROGRESS. 137 of Bovvdoinham, Maine. His education was ac- quired in the High School of Provincetown, at C'hauncy Hall, Boston, at Brown l^niversity, and at Boston University, graduating from the latter in 1 88 1. His journalistic work was begun in the capacity of " press agent '" for the New England 1 nstitute Fair held in Boston during the autumn of 1 88 1. The next two years he was a general reporter, first on the staff of the Boston Globe, and then on that of the /Tew/;/. From 1884 to 1885 he was private secretary to Governor George D. Robinson, and resigned that position to take the place of private secretary to Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World. He remained with the World from 1885 to i8gi, occupying numerous positions of responsibility, including those of city editor of the daily, Sunday editor, managing edi- tor of the Evening World, and business manager of the Evening World. In October, iSgi, he purchased the controlling interest in the Boston I'ost, and since that time he has conducted that paper as chief editor and publisher. He early in- troduced new and novel features, reduced the price and increased the circulation. In 1893 he added a Sunday edition. In politics he was orig- inally a Republican, but since 1886 has been a i)L-mocrat. He is a member of the Algonquin ( 'lub of Boston, the Fellowcraft of New York, the Belfry of Lexington, and numerous other organi- zations. Mr. Grozier was married November 26, 1885, to Alice G. Goodell, of an old Salem family. They have two children : Richard, born in 1887 ; and Helen Grozier, born in 1889. HADLOCK, Harvey Dp:ming, of Boston, ju- rist and advocate, is a native of Maine, born at Cranberry Isles, October 7, 1843, youngest son of Kdwin and Mary Ann (Stanwood) Hadlock. He is descended in the seventh generation from Na- thaniel Hadlock, who came from Wapping, Eng- land, in 1638, settled first in Charlestown, Massa- chusetts Colony, and subsequently was one of the founders of Lancaster, whose son, Nathaniel of Gloucester, married a Quakeress, and who is men- tioned in Felt's History of Salem as having been fined and punished for declaring "that he could receive no profit from Mr. Higginson's preaching, and that in persecuting the Quakers the government was guilty of innocent blood " ; and through his paternal grandmother he is de- scended from Thomas Manchester, one of the earliest settlers (1642) of Portsmouth, R.I. On his mother's side he is a descendant of I'liilip Stanwood, one of the earliest settlers (1653) of Gloucester, and, in the fifth generation, of Job Stanwood, the soldier mentioned in histor\-, and Martha Bradstreet, his second wife ; and, through his maternal grandmother, of Captain John Gilley, an eminent shipmaster of his time, son of Will- iam Gilley, who came to America in 1763. Two of the sons of the first Nathaniel Hadlock were in King Phillip's War ; three Hadlocks were in the battle of Lexington ; others of the family name, including the great-grandfaliier of Harvey !).. iHiii^ HARVEY D. HADLOCK. were soldiers of the Revolution ; his uncle. Cap- tain Samuel Hadlock, Jr., was in the War of 1812, and his brother. Colonel William E. Hadlock, was in the Civil War. His grandfather, Captain Samuel Hadlock, acquired by purchase the greater part of "Little Cranberry Island " early in the present century, and, settling there, engaged in shipping and merchandise, to which business his father, a master mariner in early life, suc- ceeded. Harvey D. received his early education under the supervision of his mother, a woman of superior culture, and in the schools of his native town. At thirteen, the family having removed to Bucksport, Me., he became a student in the East 1^,8 MEN OF PROGRESS. Maine Conference Seminary, in which institution and under private instructors, he pursued an ad- vanced course of classical studies, which he sup- plemented by a partial course in the scientific department of Dartmouth. His legal studies were pursued in the law office of the Hon. Samuel V. Humphrey at Bangor, Me., under the friendly supervision of ex-Governor Edward Kent, then one of the justices of the Maine Supreme Court. At the age of twenty-one he was admitted to the bar of that court, and later to the Federal courts of the district ; and he began practice in Bucksport. Business drawing him to New Or- leans, La., he spent the winter of 1865-66 there, devoting much of the time to the study of civil and maritime law, under the direction of the emi- nent jurist. Christian Roselius. Within the next three years he was admitted to practice in the courts. State and P'ederal, of Nebraska, Massa- chusetts, and New York, establishing his main of- fice in Boston in the autumn of 1S68. He was there engaged largely in criminal cases, in the de- fence of which he met with marked success. In 187 1 he returned to Bucksport to engage in pro- moting the railroad from Bangor to eastern points by way of Bucksport; and in the spring of 1873, the construction of the road being assured, he re- sumed general practice at Bucksport. He be- came one of the directors of the Bucksport & Bangor Railroad, and counsel for the corporation ; and his practice extended to nearly every county of the State, embracing some of the most impor- tant cases tried in Maine, in the conduct of which his reputation as an able advocate and jurist was firmly established. In 188 1 he removed from Bucksport to Portland, and there during a resi- dence of six years maintained a leading place among the ablest lawyers of the Cumberland bar, as a successful practitioner in causes involving important interests of railroad corporations, valu- able patents, and maritime affairs, besides notable criminal cases. It has been said that during this period he tried more causes than any other lawyer in Portland, and performed a prodigious amount of work. Returning to Boston in 1887, he has since resided and practised there, maintaining an office also in New York City, the range of his practice extending beyond the limits of the State and Federal courts of New England and New York, and embracing cases of great im|3ortance before the United States Supreme Court. Among the large number of notable cases which he has successfully conducted is that of Campbell <>. the mayor, aldermen, and commonality of the city of New York, involving the validity of the steam fire-engine patent, for many years before the courts, and of national importance, affecting every city which used steam fire-engines from 1864 to 1 88 1. Other cases of note were the Pe- tition of Frederic Spofford for Certiorari t. The Railroad Commissioners of Maine and the Bucks- port & Bangor Railroad ; the Treat & Co. bank- rupt case, pending in the United States District Court of Maine from 1868 to 1889 ; that of Cod- man T. Brooks, involving the construction of acts of Congress in relation to French Spoliation Claims now pending in the Supreme Court of the United States ; numerous great trade-mark cases ; maritime, railroad, consular, conspiracy, and will cases, conspicuous among the latter the Jenness will case. Concord, N.H., in 1892. He was mar- ried January 26, 1865, to Miss Alexene L. Good- ell, eldest daughter of Captain Daniel S. Goodell, of Searsport, a prominent shipmaster, and later in life a successful ship-builder. They have two children living; Inez and \\'ebster Hadlock. Their eldest son, Harvey D. Hadlock, Jr., born December 4, 1870, died January 22, 1886, from accidental shooting while handling a revolver. Mr. Hadlock's summer residence is in Bucksport, occupying a picturesque site on the banks of the Penobscot. HASS.VM, John Tvi.kk, member of the Suf- folk bar, and a contributor to historical literature, is a native of Boston, born September 20, 1841, son of John and .\bby (Hilton) Hassam. He is a lineal descendant of William Hassam who settled in Manchester (now Manchester-by-the- Sea) about the year 1684, and on the maternal side of William Hilton who came from London to Plymouth in New England in the " Fortune," November ii, 162 1. He was educated in the Boston public schools, — fitted for college in the Latin School, — and at Harvard, where he was graduated in the class of 1863. In December following his graduation he joined the Lfnion Army as first lieutenant of the Seventy-fifth Ignited States Colored Infantry, and served until the first of August, 1864, taking part in the Red River campaign. He began his legal studies at the opening of 1865, reading with the Hon. .Am- brose A. Ranney in Boston, and was admitted to the bar on the 13th of December, 1867. Since MEN OF PROGRESS. 139 that time he has practised in Boston, devoting himself principally to conveyancing. He has been concerned in much important and valuable work on the records and documents of Suffolk County, and their improved condition is largely due to his efforts. As one of the commissioners appointed by the Superior Court, in 1884, under whose authority the indices in the Suffolk Regis- try of Deeds are made, he brought about tile rein- (le.xing of the entire mass of records there on the present plan : and the printing of the early vol- umes of the .Suffolk deeds is due to him. He also succeeded in rescuing from threatened de- r»ii«»>esii..-;*iiBB!jBt!iC«»kS»75 -;-. JOHN T. HASSAM. struction a large part of the original court files of the county, and in securing their proper arrange- ment ; and through his exertions the records, files, papers, and documents in the State department, at one time in great confusion, have been systemati- cally arranged and made accessible for reference. He was one of the earliest advocates of land transfer reform in the newspaper and periodical press and before legislative committees, and he was the first member of the Suffolk bar to call public attention to the Australian or Torrens sys- tem of registration of title. He is now (1894) cliairmau of the executive committee of the Land Transfer Reform League of Boston. His interest in historical and genealogical matters dates from his college days. He has been a member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society since February, 1867, of the Massachusetts Historical Society since 1881, of the .American Historical Association since 1884, and a corresponding member of the Weymouth Historical Society for many years. He was one of the original mem- bers of the Boston .Antiquarian Club organized in 1879, subsequently, in 1881, merged in the Bos- tonian Society, and a corporate member of the latter society, for nine years a member of its board of directors. In the Historic Genealogical Society, of which he was long a director and be- came a councillor when the council was substi- tuted for the board of directors by a change in the by-laws in 1889, he first set on foot the ex- haustive researches in England, undertaken by the society through Henry F. Waters, and was for eight years chairman of the committee under whose direction the work has been carried on. He has been a frequent contributor to the so- ciety's quarterly publication, the A^cw England Historical and Genealogical Register^ and among his antiquarian and genealogical papers which have been printed in pamphlet form are : " 'I'he Hassam Family" (1870, and Additional Notes, 1889); "Some of the Descendants of William fiilton " (1877); '• Ezekiel Cheever, and Some of his Descendants" (1879, Part Second, 1884, and Additional Notes, 1887); "Boston Taverns, with Some Suggestions on the l^roper Mode of Index- ing the Public Records " (1880) ; " Early Suffolk Deeds" {1881I; "The Dover Settlement and the Hiltons" (1882); "Bartholomew and Richard Cheever, and Some of their Descendants" (1882); " The Facilities for Genealogical Research in the Registries of Probate in Boston and London " (1884); "Land Transfer Reform" (1891 : second edition, with additional papers I ; and " Land Transfer Reform a Practical Point of View (1893). Mr. Hassam is also a member of the Bunker Hill Monument Association and of the Boston Bar .Association. He was married in Salem, February T4, 1878, to Miss Nelly .Alden Batchelder, daugh- ter of Dr. John Henry Batchelder, of Salem. They have one child : Eleanor Hassam. HEMENWAV, Alfred, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Hopkinton. born .August 17, 1839, son of Fisher and Elizabeth Jones (Fitch) 140 MEN OF PROGRESS. Hemenway. He was born in the house of his great-grandfather, Ehjah Fitch, who was gradu- ated at Vale College in 1765, and was the second ernor Ames he was offered a seat on the Superior Court bench, but declined the honor. Mr. Hem- enway was married October 14, 1871, to Miss Myra Leland McLanathan. HILL, Edwin Newei.i,, member of the .Suffolk bar, is a native of Xew Hampshire, born in Nashua, March 12, 1849, son of Edwin P. and Sophia D. (Newell) Hill. He is of English ances- try, and of early New England stock on both sides. The Hills — as the family was formerly called — settled soon after coming from England in Nottingham west, now Hudson, N.H. Elijah Hills, his great-great-grandfather, took an active part in the Revolutionary struggle, marched to Lexington, to Ticonderoga, and was at Saratoga. On his mother's side his great-grandparents were the Rev. Edmund Foster, of Littleton, and his wife, Phebe (Lawrence) Foster. Edmund Foster was at Le.xington among the minute men while a theological student, and afterwards was actively interested in the early history of the State. He was known as the "lighting parson." Edwin N. ALFRED HEMENWAY. pastor of the Congregational church in Hopkin- ton : he was descended from the Rev. James Fitch, the first minister of Harwich, Conn., who was a brother of Thomas Fitch, governor of Con- necticut 1754-76. Alfred Hemenway was pre- pared for college at the Hopkinton High School, and was graduated at Yale in the class of 1861. His legal studies were pursued at the Harvard Law School, and he was admitted to the bar in Boston on July 13, 1863. He has since been engaged in general civil practice in Boston, from 1S79 ''"' partnership with John 1). Long (first under the name of Allen, Long, & Hemenway, since 1891 Long & Hemenway), and retained in many important causes. For some years he was one of the bar examiners for Suffolk County. He is one of the executive committee of the American Bar Association, one of the general council of the Boston Bar Association, a member of the Yale Alumni Association of Boston (some time its president), of the University Club (now a vice-president), of the Union Club, and of the Hill was educated in the public schools of Haver- Boston Art Club. In politics he is a steadfast hill, Mass., and at Harvard College, graduating in Republican. During the administration of Gov- the class of 1872. After graduation he depended E. N. HILL. MEN OK PROGRESS. 141 cntircl)' oil his own efforts. The succeeding year was spent in Washington in the pubHc service ; and then he entered the office of the late Richard H. Dana, Jr., the distinguished lawyer, in Boston, where he fitted for the bar. He was admitted to practice on the 24th of .Vpril, 1876. With the ex- ception of a short time in Haverhill soon after his admission, he has practised in Boston. He has not followed any special line of business, but has had a general and responsible practice. Although giving close attention to his professional work, he keeps abreast of all public political questions, in which he is greatly interested, and has shown aptitude in advising and directing political move- ments. }Ie was elected to the Legislature from Haverhill in 1881-82 and 1882-83, as a Repub- lican, and served on the committees on education, .Slate Library, and railroads, on the special com- mittee for the investigation of the veto of the I'nion Safety Deposit Vaults bill by Governor I Sutler, and as house chairman on the removal of Joseph M. Day, judge of probate and insolvency of Barnstable County. Mr. Hill is now in politics a Democrat, believing in tariff reform and a per- manent civil service. He is a member of the University Club of Boston, of the Jamaica Club of Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury District, and of the Voung Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts. For several years he has been an active member of the First Corps of Cadets, Boston, in which he takes great interest. Mr. Hill was married June 10, 1880, to Miss Lizzie W. Briggs, of Cambridge. They have two children : Walter Newell, born September 29, 1881, and Doris Hill, born August 31, 1S87. HILL, Henry Bozvol, long identified with East Boston interests, is a native of Salem, born November 16, 1823, son of Benjamin and Anstiss Pearce (Lane) Hill. His ancestors on both sides were English, the Hills coming: to America in 1727. His father, grandfather, and great-grand- father were all ship-masters. He was educated in the common schools in Salem. At the age of fifteen he made a voyage in the brig " Chili," Captain Frederick G. Ward, father of General \\'ard of Chinese fame, and upon his return learned the cooper's trade in the same building in which many years before the great Salem mer- chant, William Gray, as a boy, began his mercan- tile career. He began business for himself in a small way in Salem, but in 1848 moved to East Boston, where he has resided since, with the exception of eighteen months spent in Cuba. While in Cuba, he was offered the position of 1 HENRY B. HILL. commercial agent, but declined it. as he did not intend to remain on the island. In 1853, soon after his return from Cuba, he became connected in business with John K. Carlton, and later founded the firm of Hill & Wright, which thirty years afterward became the New England Steam Cooperage Company, with Mr. Hill as president. He has also been president and director of other corporations, was one of the founders of the First Ward National Bank, for some time one of its directors, and was one of the early presidents of the East Boston Trade Association. He has served several terms in the Legislature, three years in the House of Representatives (1872-73- 76) and two years in the Senate (1877-78), his first term a member of the committee on State House, his second chairman of the committee on printing, his third chairman of the committee on claims ; his first in the Senate, again chairman of the committee on claims and member of that on harbors, and his second in the Senate chair- man of both of these committees. Two years' ex- perience on the committee on claims caused him to put an order into the Senate requesting the 142 MEN OF PROGRESS. committee of the judiciary to consider the expedi- ency of estabHshing some tribunal other than a legislative committee before which claims against the Commonwealth could be adjusted. Owing to the pressure of business, the committee made no report, although they gave him a hearing ; but Governor Talbot, in his message of 1879, recom- mended a change, and, acting on the message, the Legislature then passed the act giving the Su- perior Court jurisdiction of such claims. Accord- ingly, the legislative committee on claims has now become a thing of the past. When the subject of establishing a municipal court in East Boston first came before the Legislature, in 1873, Mr. Hill took great interest in it; and, although the project was then defeated, it was subsequently again brought forward, when all the evidence on which the committee on the judiciary acted in re- porting it was collected and presented by him, and it successfully passed. When he was elected to the Legislature, he intended to do his whole duty as he understood it, which, he believed, in- cluded his presence every second of every session. In this respect his record was remarkable. With two exceptions, — one occasion in 1873, when he was absent a short time on a duty of importance to his constituents, and the otiier in 1878, wlien he was summoned to court as a witness, and was absent an hour or two, — he never lost a minute. He was in the House or Senate when they were called to order, and remained until adjournment was reached. In politics he was an early Repub- lican, one of the first to become a member of that party on its birth ; but, believing that " loyalty is due to the country and its best niterests rather than to party," he is now an Independent. He was a warm friend of the late Rev. Warren H. Cudworth, long pastor of the "Church of Our Father" in East Boston (Unitarian), and was for many )'ears teacher and superintendent in the Sunday-school, taking charge of the school as su- perintendent in Mr. Cudworth's absence during his journey around the world and at his death ; and he is now honorary superintendent of the school. He was also for many years moderator of the church society, and held other positions there. He is at present (1894) a councillor of the American Institute of Civics, a director and vice-president of the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and di- rector and vice-president also of the American Humane Education Society. He practically re- tired from active business in 1888; but he still retains an interest in business matters, being a member of the board of directors of the Standard Stave and Cooperage Company and a trustee of the East Boston Savings Bank. He was married on January i, 1846, to Miss Mary Louise Saul, daughter of Captain John and Martha (Foye) Saul. They have had three children: Henrietta Louise, John Henry (who died in childhood), and Benjamin Dudley Hill. C. D. HOLMES. HOLMES, Charles Denison, of Boston, man- ager for Massachusetts of the Covenant Mutual Benefit Association of Illinois, is a native of Ver- mont, born in Derby, July 15, 1849, only living son of Orange Simon and Laura (McGaffee) Holmes. He is a descendant of Jeremiah Holmes, an officer in the Revolution, also of Colonel George Denison and Major-General Daniel Deni- son, of English landed nobility. He was educated in the common schools, and at Stanstead Academy in the Province of Quebec, Canada. His first ex- perience in business was with his uncle, George R. Holmes, and his father, in a general country store, which he entered at the age of fourteen. 1 )uring the period of his service here he fre- quently came to Boston with his uncle to buy MKN OF PROGRESS. 143 goods, and his ambition was to make this city his future home. After his uncle died he became in- terested in life insurance, and, devotins; himself earnestly to this business, was soon prominent and successful. He settled in lioston in icScS4, making this city his headquarters for a variety of efficient work, finally becoming the manager for Massachusetts of the Covenant Mutual Benefit Association of Illinois, one of the oldest, largest, and most successfid natural premium companies in the country. In the year 1893 he accomplished for Ills company, as the records show, the greatest amount of business of any in the State. Mr. Holmes was married by Rev. Krooke Herford, August 28, 1889, to Miss Carrie Addie Smith, com- poser of music, one of her songs, "The Prophet," being of twenty years' standing. Mrs. Holmes is a native of Boston, and descendant of the families of Sir Montague and Sir Montacute of England. They reside at the Charlesgate. HOPEWELL, John, Jk., treasurer of Sanford Mills, with offices in Boston, New York, and Chi- cago, and mills at Sanford, Me., is a native of Greenfield, born February 2, 1845, son of John and Catherine Hopewell. When he was a year old, his parents moved to Shelburne Falls ; and there his early education was attained. He at- tended the public schools till he was fourteen, when he went into the establishment of Lamson, (loodwin, & Co., to learn the cutlery trade. A part of the time while here he attended night school at the academy. Subsequently he studied sometime in a private school. In 1861 he went to Springfield. During the Civil War he was em- ployed in the United States Armory there, being dropped at the close of the war in accordance with an order directing the discharge of all single men. Attending night school while at the armory, he mastered book-keeping, and then secured a posi- tion as an accountant ; but this was not to his liking, and he soon relinquished it to engage in a more active occupation. For a while he carried on a publishing business in Albany, N.Y. Next, as a new venture, he engaged in the sale of the prod- ucts of L. C. Chase &: Co., manufacturers of plushes, robes, and blankets, for Josiah Cum- mings, of Springfield. Subsequently he handled the Chases' goods on the road, and then in i868 came to Boston as their representative. At that time tlic\- had. in partnership with Thomas Cood- all, just erected the Sanford Mills at Sanford, Me. After Mr. Hopewell's connection with the concern the business rapidly increased; and in 1888 he succeeded the Chases, becoming head of the house of L. C (^hase iV Co. and treasurer of San- ford Mills. Though much interested in public matters and often urged to accept political office, he took no active part in political aft'airs until 1887. In 1889 he was elected president of the Cambridge Republican Club, which office he held until he went abroad in 1892. In 1891 he was JOHN HOPEWELL, Jr. elected to the Legislature, and in the spring of 1892 was repeatedly solicited to stand as a candi- date for Congress as a representative business man ; but, owing to ill-health following a severe attack of the grip, he declined the use of his name for any public office, and, going abroad, spent a year in Europe. Politically he is an ardent Re- publican and Protectionist, and has been a direc- tor of the Home Market Club since its organiza- tion. Through his efforts in 1888 the statutes were so changed that old established houses can continue the old firm name with special partners, with the consent of retiring partners, — a much needed reform in this State. He is a director of the North National Bank of Boston, and of sev- eral other corporations. Of late years he has been 144 MEN OF PROGRESS. largely engaged, in connection with his brothers Frank and Alfred, under the firm name of Hope- well Brothers, in raising Guernsey cattle on their Maple Ranch Stock Farm at Natick. They im- ported direct from Guernsey a valuable herd, carefully selected with the aid of an expert, for their butter-producing qualities ; and they have supplied some of the finest farms in the country with high-grade stock, among them that of ex- Vice-President Morton on the Hudson. Mr. Hopewell is a member of the Boston Merchants' Association (a director in 1892), of the Colonial, Cambridge, and Union clubs of Cambridge, and of the Boston Art Club. In .\pril. 1S94, his father and mother celebrated their golden wedding at his home in Cambridge, upon which occasion there were gathered at the anniversary dinner the three sons of the venerable couple, with their wives, and seven grandchildren. Mr. Hopewell was married in 1870 to Miss Sarah \\'. Blake, daughter of Charles and Betsey (Pease) Blake, of Springfield ; and his family now con- sists of three boys and two girls. Mrs. Hope- well's great-grandfather was in the Revolutionary war, and her grandfather in the War of 1812. HORR, Rev. Georce Edwin, Jr., of Boston, editor-in-chief of the Watchman, was born in Bos- ton, January 19, 1856, son of George E. and Elsie Matilda (Ellis) Horr. His father, the son of the late Luther Horr, of Wellesley, is a clergyman who has held several prominent pastorates in the Baptist Church. He was educated at the Newark (N.J.) public High School and at Brown Univer- sity, where he graduated in the class of 1876, and received his theological training at the Union Theological Seminary, New York City, 1S76-77, and at the Newton Theological Institution, gradu- ating therefrom in the class of 1879. His first settlement was at Tarrytown, N.Y., as pastor of the First Baptist Church, his service here cover- ing four and a half years, from October, 1879, to April, 1884. Then he became pastor of the First Baptist Church in the Charlestown District of Boston, where he remained till the summer of 1 89 1 (from April, 1884, to July, 1891), resigning to take the chief editorship of the Watchman. A few months later he purchased a controlling inter- est in the paper. Before assuming the editorial chair (June, 1891), he had done much work for denominational papers, both as correspondent and as assistant editor. While pastor of the church at Tarrytown, he wrote editorially for the Chris- tian at Jl'arh, and subsequently for two years was a correspondent of the New York Examiner. He also served the Watchman as correspondent seven years, and as associate editor two and a lialf years. While in charge of the parish at Charles- town, in addition to his work on the Watchman, he contributed to the Baptist Quarterly and the Chicago Standard, and wrote a " History of the Baptists " and several monographs on historical and theological subjects. He has been for five GEO. E. HORR. Jr. years on the board of examiners of Newton The- ological Institution, and is one of its trustees. He is also a director of the Massachusetts Bap- tist Education Society. He was married March 16, 1886, to (Mrs.) Evelyn Sacchi, daughter of the late Charles ( )lmsted, of Tarrytown, N.Y. They have no children. Their home is at Brook- line. HOWE, El.mer P.^rker, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of Westborough, born Novem- ber I, 185 1, son of Archelaus M. and H. Janette (Brigham) Howe. His education was acquired in the Worcester public schools, in tlie Worcester Polytechnic Institute from which he graduated in MKN (M" PROGRESS. 145 187 1, and at Yale College, graduating therefrom in the class of 1876. He studied law in Uoston with Hillard, Hyde, & Dickinson, and for one ELMER P. HOWE. year attended lectures at the law school of Boston University. In 1878 he was admitted to the bar at Worcester. In January following he became a member of the firm of Hillard, Hyde, & Dickinson, the firm name becoming Hyde, Dickinson, & Howe, after the death of George S. Hillard early in 1879. This partnership contin- ued until 1889, when it was dissolved by mutual consent. Mr. Howe has made a specialty of patent and corporation law. He is a member of the Union, University, and Country clubs of Boston. In politics he is an Independent Re- publican. He is unmarried. HOWLANl), Wii.LARD, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Pembroke, December 3, 1852, son of Jairus and Deborah L. (Fish) Howland. He is of the original Howland family of the " May- flower" stock, descending from John Howland, settled with the earliest in Plymouth. His edu- cation was acquired in the public schools of Kingston and Woburn, the family moving to the school, he spent some years in active business life before beginning the study of law. When at length able to pursue legal studies, he entered the Boston University Law School, and further perfected himself by reading in the office of Josiah W. Hubbard. Admitted to the bar in November, 1878, he began active practice in Bos- ton, where he has been established since, occupy- ing from the start offices at No. 23 Court Street. In politics he is Republican, and early became prominent in his party in the State, taking in each campaign an influential part and speaking on the stump. In 1889-90 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature for the Twenty- seventh Suffolk District, where he ranked with the leaders. During his first term he was a mem- ber of the committee on the judiciary, and the second year served again on this committee, and was chairman of the committees on street rail- ways. He introduced the first bill which became a law to allow cities and towns to manufacture and sell gas. He has occupied the office of judge advocate for the State, in the military order of Sons of Veterans, and holds official position in WILLARD HOWLAND. several secret and benevolent societies. He is a mendjer also of the local clubs of Chelsea, where latter place when he was a child. After leaving he resides, a vice-president of the Middlesex (po- 146 MEN OF PROGRESS. litical diningj Club, and a member of the Massa- chusetts Young Men's Republican Club. He was married in 1873 to Miss Lottie A. S. Barry, of Boston. They have two children : Fred C. (born in 1876) and Lizzie A. Rowland (born in 1880). HUNT, Freeman, member of the Suffolk and Middlese.x bars, is a native of Brooklyn, N.V., born September 4, 1855, son of Freeman and Elizabeth T. (Parmenter) Hunt. His father was the founder and editor of Hiiiif s Mcirhants' Afair- FREEMAN HUNT. tinned till the close of 1886, when he became as- sociated with Charles J. Mclntire, now judge of the Probate Court of Middlesex County, the part- nership still holding, Mr. Hunt taking charge of all the active work. He has been connected with a number of important cases involving novel points, among them that of the City of Cambridge V. The Railroad Commissioners in writ of certio- rari, where the commissioners attempted to enforce upon the city an overhead crossing at the P'ront Street crossing, Cambridge ; and that of the Bos- ton & Albany Railroad v. The City of Cambridge, where he raised the point that the making a rail- road pay for cattle-guards, gates, and other addi- tional safeguards when a new crossing was laid over the railroad was not such damage as the railroad could recover against the city or town laying the new crossing, as it was not a taking by eminent domain. He has also been prominent in the litigation against the Iron Hall, and drafted the bill in equity which wound up the order. He has served several terms on the School Commit- tee of Cambridge (1883-87), and one term in the Cambridge Common Council (1888), and in 1890 he was a member of the State Senate. In the latter body he served on the committees on the judiciary, elections, contested election cases, and bills in the third reading (chairman); and he was principally instrumental in getting the Harvard bridge project through. He held the seat in the Senate which his uncle, the late 1 )r. Ezra Par- menter, of Cambridge, and his grandfather had occupied before him. Mr. Hunt was married on June 8, 1887, in Cambridge, to Miss Abbie Brooks, daughter of Sumner J. Brooks. They have one child : Edith Brooks Hunt. irzi/ic, and his mother was a daughter of the Hon. William Parmenter, of Cambridge (son of Ezra Parmenter), who represented the Cambridge Dis- trict in Congress for four terms, and sister of the Hon. W. E. Parmenter, present chief justice of the municipal court of Boston. He was edu- cated in the Cambridge public schools and at Harvard, graduating from the latter in the class of 1877. His law studies were pursued in the Harvard Law School, from which he graduated in 188 1, and in the Boston office of the Hon. George S. Hale ; and he was admitted to the bar in 1882. He began practice in partnership with H. Eugene Bowles, but was soon after in associa- tion with William C. Tarbell, which relation con- HUNTRESS, George Lewi.s, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Lowell, born April 4, 1848, son of James Lewis and Harriett Stinson (Paige) Huntress. He is descended on the pa- ternal side from the Huntress and Chesley fami- lies of New Hampshire, and on the maternal from the Stinson, Stark, and Paige families, also of New Hampshire. His early education was at- tained in the public schools, and he was fitted for college at Phillips (Andover) Academy. Entering Yale, he graduated therefrom in the class of 1870 with honors. He began his law studies in the Harvard Law School in 187 1, and subsequently read in the Boston law office of Stephen B. Ives, MEN OF PROGRESS. 14; Jr., and Solomon Lincoln, .\dinilted to the Suf- folk bur in May, 1872, he joined Messrs. Ives & Lincoln, and in 1876 was admitted to partnership, GEO. L. HUNTRESS. the firm name becoming Ives, Lincoln, \: Hun- tress. This relation continued till 18S1, since which time he has practised alone. In politics he is Republican, and in 1881-82 was an influ- ential member of the Hoston Common Council, on the Republican side, representing Ward Eleven. His present residence is in Winchester. He was married September 30, 1875, to Miss Julia .\. Poole, of Metuchen, N.J. They have two chil- dren : Harold Poole and George L. Huntress, Jr. JOHNSON, Bexj.amix Xkwhai.i,, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Lynn, born June 19, 1856, son of Rufus and Ellen M. (Xewhall) John- son. He is a descendant of Richard Johnson, one of the earliest settlers in Lynn, and on the maternal side of Thomas Newhall, the first white child born in Lynn. His maternal grandfather, Benjamin E. Newhall, was for years prominent in Esse.x County as county commissioner and other- wise. He spent his early boyhood in the town of Saugus, was fitted for college in Chauncy Hal! School, Boston, and at Phillips (E.xeter) .Vcademy, and graduated from Harvard in the class of 187S. Subsecjuently he took the full course at the Law School of Boston University, and read two years in the office of the late eminent lawyer, Stephen B. Ives. Admitted to the bar on the 3i.st of March, 1880, he opened an office in Boston, where he has since continued, engaged in a considerable and increasing general practice. His aims and ambitions being mostly in the line of his profes- sion, the work of which he has followed closely, he has held no public office except that of mem- licr of the School Committee of Lynn for three terms (1890-93). In politics he has always been a Republican. He is a member of the University and Exchange clubs of Boston, and of the Oxford and Park clubs of Lynn. He was president of the Oxford, the largest social club in Lynn, in 1890-93, the years of his service on tlie School BENJAMIN N. JOHNSON. Board. Mr. Johnson was married June 15, 1881, to Miss Ida M. Oliver, of Saugus. They have two children : Romilly and Marian Johnson. J(WES, LEON.-\Rr) Auia'siLs. member of the Sufl'olk bar since 1858, one of the editors of the Amcr'u-ait Law Review since 1884, and author of a number of important legal works, is a native of 148 MEN OF PROGRESS. Teinpleton, born January 13, 1832, son of Au- gustus Appleton and Mary (Partridge) Jones. He is of the seventh generation in descent from his earliest ancestor in this country, who came from England, and settled in Roxbury about 1640. His great-grandfather was one of the original proprietors and earliest settlers of Templeton. His mother's family was formerly of Walpole and Medfield. In the last-named town the earliest of the family in America settled about 1650. He was educated at the Lawrence Academy, Groton, and at Harvard College, graduating from the LEONARD A. JONES. latter in the class of 1855. In his senior year at Harvard he was awarded the prize for the best Bowdoin dissertation. Directly after graduation he obtained the position of teacher of the classics in the High School of St. Louis, Mo. There he remained until the summer of 1856, when, after declining an appointment as tutor in Washington University, he returned to Massachusetts, and entered the Harvard Law School. While here, he obtained the prize open to resident graduates of the university, and a law school prize for an essay. Graduating in 1858, he continued his law studies for a few months in the Boston law office of C. W. Loring, and then was admitted to the bar. He began the practice of his profession by him- self, occupying an office at No. 5 Court Street with Wilder Dwight. Shortly after he moved to No. 4, the same street, sharing an office with George Putnam. In 1866 he formed a partner- ship with his classmate, Edwin Hale Abbot, which a year or two later was joined by John Lathrop, now Judge Lathrop of the Supreme Court of the Commonwealth, the firm name be- coming Lathrop, Abbot, & Jones. After an ex- istence of several years this firm was dissolved, and since 1876 Mr. Jones has practised alone. His literary work began early in his career with contributions to the literary periodicals, among them the Atlaiilii Moiif/ih-, the A'orth Amciiian Review, and the Old niid Nnv, — the magazine which Edward Everett Hale founded in i86g, and conducted for some years. Subsequentlv he became a frequent contributor to the law periodi- cals. His legal publications in book form in- clude " Mortgage of Real Property " (two volumes, editions 1878, 1879, 1882, 1889, 1894), "Mort- gages of Personal Property" (1881, 1883, 1888, 1894), "Corporate Bonds and Mortgages" (1879, i8go), " Pledges including Collateral Securities " (1883), " Liens, Common Law, Statutory, Equi- table, and Maritime" (two volumes, 1888, 1894), "Forms in Conveyancing" (1886, 1891, 1892, 1894), and •• Index to Legal Periodical Literature" ( 1 888 ). These works are used everywhere in Amer- ica, and many of these have passed through several revised editions. In 1891 Mr. Jones was appointed by Governor Russell commissioner for Massachu- setts for the promotion of uniformity of legislation in the United States. He was married December 14, 1867, to Miss Josephine Lee, daughter of Colo- nel A. Lee, of Templeton. Thev have no children living. KEELER, CoRXELius Peaslev, merchant, Bos- ton, head of the furniture house of Keeler & Co., is a native of Vermont, born in Hyde Park, Sep- tember 20, 1825, son of Anson and Mary Keeler. He was educated in the public schools. At the age of eighteen he was in business, engaged in buying furs in Canada, which he shipped to Bos- ton, and for some time was one of the largest sup- pliers to the old fur house of Martin L. Bates & Co. At the age of twenty-one, he went into the retail dry goods and grocery business with his brother. Colonel N. P. Keeler. They did the buying of butter and cheese for the large house of Delano & Co., of Boston, and also the buying MEN OK PROGRESS. '49 of hops lor l!t;unclt. 'I'his kept him busy till K ITTRED(}K, Charles Franklin, nic-mhcr 1852, when he sold out. The next year he came of the Suffolk bar, is a native of New Hampshire, to Boston, and entered the hotel business, takinji born in Mount Vernon, February 24, 1841, son of Franklin Otis and Mary Ann (Button) Kittredge. He is of English descent, from the Kittredges of Suffolk County, England, the first of the family coming to this country in 1632. A long line of his ancestors on the paternal side were physi- cians, but his father was a merchant. His early training was in the common schools and at Apple- ton Academy in his native town, where he was fitted for college ; and, entering Dartmouth in 1859, he graduated therefrom with the class of 1863. During his college course and a part of the time at the academy he taught school. From August, 1863, the year of his graduation, to .August, 1864, he was in the ordnance bureau of the War Department in Washington, and at the same time served in the regiment of the War Depart- ment Rifles as a private. Then, returning East in October, 1864, he began his law studies in the office of the Hon. John T. Healy, corporation counsel (or city solicitor, as the office was then known) of Boston. Three vears later, in October, C. P. KEELER. what was then the Massachusetts House, a well- known resort for Vermonters, and terminus of the Concord, N.H., stage line, which he carried on successfully till i85o, when he started a w-holesale grocery and wine business in Blackstone Street. In 1872, after closing out the latter business, he became a trustee for the Geldowsky Furniture Company, and eleven years later purchased the entire plant and business, which has since been widely known to New Englanders under the firm name of Keeler & Co. This concern was the first one in America to ship hard wood furniture to Great Britain in large quantities. Mr. Keeler has always taken a hearty interest in sports ; has been a well-known shot; and between 1855 and 1870 raised and was interested in several of America's finest trotters. He is a member of the Suffolk Club of Boston. In politics he is a Democrat. He was married July 1 1, 1848, to Miss Lucy Jane Nye, daughter of Judge George Nye, of Irasburg, Vt. She died in 1876. Of their children, two daughters died in early youth, and one son is liv- ing. Colonel George A. Keeler, the present pro- prietor of the American House, Boston. CHARLES F. KITTREDGE. 1867, he was admitted to the Suffolk bar has practised in Boston ever since. I 1868, he was made second assistant city , and he n .\pril, solicitor '50 MEN OF PROGRESS. in the law department of the city of lioston, and was soon promoted to first assistant, in which posi- tion he continued liy yearly reappointment eleven years. Early in his professional career he was engaged in the trial of important causes involving questions of taxation, public betterments, land damages, and municipal powers, rights, and duties ; and since his retirement from the law department of the city, in pursuing a general practice, he has given special attention to municipal, banking, and other branches of law. Just previous to his ad- mission to the bar, when holding his legal resi- dence in New Hampshire, he served a term in the Legislature there, being elected to the House of Representatives from Mount Vernon in March, 1867 ; and from June to October, that year, when he removed to Boston, he was on the military staff of Governor Walter Harriman as aide-de- camp with rank of colonel. In national and State politics he is Republican, and non-partisan in municipal politics. He is interested in all ques- tions affecting public improvements, as a citizen and an owner of real estate in Boston. He is not a club man, and belongs to few societies. He was married September 24, 1872, in Groton, to Miss Adelaide L. Lee, daughter of George Hunt- ington and Mary J. (King) Lee. They have four children : INLabel Lee, Florence Parmenter, Louise Pierce, and Charles Lee Kittredge. LINCOLN, Joseph B.ates, of Boston, sole proprietor of the shoe jobbing house of Batch- elder & Lincoln, was born in North Cohasset, July 3, 1836, son of Ephraim and Betsey (Bates) Lincoln. He was reared on a farm, and educated in the public schools, graduating from the Cohas- set High School at the age of seventeen. After leaving school, he spent three months at Comer's Commercial College in Boston, and then began his business career as a clerk in a Boston retail boot and shoe store. After a few years here he entered the employ of A. Esterbrook, also a retail shoe dealer, on Merchants' Row, and in 1S59, forming a partnership with George C. Richards, under the firm name of Richards & Lincoln, ac- quired Mr. Esterbrook's business. About three years later he purchased his partner's interest, and conducted the business alone till 1866, when he formed a copartnership with George A. Mans- field and Edward E. Batchelder, under the name of George A. Mansfield & Co., and entered the shoe jobbing trade. In 1869, Mr. Mansfield re- tiring, the firm name was changed to the present style of Batchelder & Lincoln. Messrs. Batch- elder and Lincoln continued together till the death of the former, in 1878, when his interest was purchased from the heirs by Mr. Lincoln. Since that time Mr. Lincoln has been the sole proprietor and manager of the business, which has grown to great proportions, e.xtending to all parts of the country. Until 1874 the house was es- tablished in Faneuil Hall Square. That year removal was made to the present quarters on Federal Street, where six floors of one large build- ing and two of an adjoining building are occu- pied, and a force of nearly one hundred and fifty persons is employed. Mr. Lincoln was one of the earliest to adopt in the conduct of his busi- ness the principle known among shoe jobbers as the New England method, and his house has long been recognized as a distinctive New England house. He personally supervises the several de- partments of the business, which are thoroughly systematized, and follows every detail. He has few outside interests, the only one of magnitude J. B. LINCOLN. being the Dennison Land and Investment Com- pany, of which he has been a director since its organization. In politics he has always been a MEN OF PROGRESS. 15' Democrat, but lins been reluctant to enter public life. In 189 1, however, upon the urgent solicita- tion of his friends, he accepted the Democratic nomination for representative in the Legislature for the Fourth Plymouth District, a strong Re- publican quarter. Although defeated, he received a flattering vote ; and, renominated the next year, he was elected, the first Democrat ever sent to the house from this district. In the Legislature lie served on the important committee on mercan- tile affairs. He was one of the founders of the Boot and Shoe Club of IJoston, and since its or- ganization has served as chairman of the execu- tive committee, declining the position of president of the club. He is a past president and now vice-president of the Narragansett Boot and Shoe Club, and is a member of the executive board of the New England Shoe and Leather Association. time, and is now its president ; and he has been most influential in securing legislation in Massa- chusetts favorable to natural premium insiuance. LITCHFIELD, George Allen, one of the founders of the Massachusetts Benefit Life Asso- ciation, is a native of Scituate, born August 21, 1838, son of Richard and Xoa (Clapp) Litchfield. His early education was attained in the local pub- lic schools, and he was fitted for college in the Hanover Academy. He entered Brown Univer- sity, but through stress of circumstances was able to complete but part of the college course. Upon leaving college, he studied for the ministry, and in 1861 began regular preaching, settled as pastor over the Baptist church in Winchendon. Here he remained for five years; and then, on account of ill health, he was obliged to relinquish his pro- fessional work. Subsequently, turning his atten- tion to the insurance business, he successfully en- gaged in the conduct of a large life insurance agency for Western Massachusetts. Then from 1874 to 1879 he was engaged in the tack and nail manufacture under the firm name of Brigham, Litchfield &: \'ining, having purchased a half-in- terest in the manufactory in South Abington, es- tablished by Brigham, Whitman, & Co. Again interesting himself in insurance matters, in the autumn of 1879 he joined in the organization of the Massachusetts Benefit Life Association, the leading company in New England engaged in the natural premium insurance business, having on its books the names of thousands of business men in Boston and other great cities in the country. He has continued in the active management of this company from its establishment to the present «;^ GEORGE A. LITCHFIELD. He is also a director of the Lincoln National Bank of Boston. During his residence in Win- chendon he was chairman of the school board ; and in Quincy, where he now resides, he was for some time chairman of the Republican city committee, and has occupied various other offices. Mr. Litchfield was married November 21, 1861, in South Abington, to Miss Sarah M. Gurney, daughter of David and Eliza (Blanchard) Gurney. They have three children : Cannie Zetta, Everett Starr, and Frederick Ellsworth Litchfield. LIVERMORE, Joseph Perkins, of Boston, patent solicitor and expert in patent cases, is a native of Clinton, born F'ebruary 19, 1855, son of Leonard Jarvis and Mary Ann Catherine (Per- kins) Livermore. He is a descendant of Jonathan Livermore, of Wilton, N.H., who lived in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (born 1700, died 1801); and on the maternal side, descend- ant in the third generation, of Joseph Perkins, of Essex, Mass. His father, paternal grandfather, and great-grandfather were all graduates of Har- 152 MEN OF PROGRESS. vard College, — the father in 1S42, the grand- father in 1802, and the great-grandfather in 1760. He also graduated from Harvard, in the class Goodyear Shoe Machinery C'ompan)', General Electric Company, Municipal Signal Company, and Gamewell Fire Alarm Telegraph Company. In politics Mr. Livermore is classed as a " Demo- cratic Mugwump." He is a member of the New- England Tariff Reform League, of the Massachu- setts Reform Club, and of the University, Ath- letic, and Colonial (Cambridge) clubs. He was married in 1880, and has three children. LOWELL, John, Jr., member of the Suffolk bar, eldest son of John and Lucy B. Lowell [see Lowell, John], was born in Boston, May 23, 1856. He was fitted for college at William N. Eayr's private school, and was graduated from Harvard in the class of 1877. His law studies were pur- sued at the Harvard Law School two years, and afterward in the Boston offices of Thornton K. Lothrop and Robert R. Bishop, now a justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts; and he was admitted to the Suffolk bar in the spring of 1880. He practised alone until 1884. when he went into partnership with his father, the Hon. John Lowell. For upwards of ten years he has had a large ac- JOSEPH P. LIVERMORE. of 1875. His early education was acquired in the primary and grammar schools of Lexington (1860-67) and the High School of Cambridge (1867-71), where he was fitted for college. After graduation from college he entered the Lawrence Scientific School, and graduated as civil engineer in 1877. He was employed a few months that year, without pay, on the Newton Water-works : then during the autumn and winter of 1877-78 he taught in the Lexington High School ; in November and December, 1878, he was in the ex- amining corps in the United States Patent Office at Washington ; and on the first of January the following year he entered the office of Crosby & Gregory, Boston, and began practice as a patent solicitor. Here he remained until 1885, when on the first of March he opened an office of his own. Since that time he has been largely em- ployed as an expert witness in patent cases. He has acted in that capacity in litigation of the McKay &: Copeland Lasting Machine Company, of the Simonds Counter Machinery Company, the Reece Button-hole Machine Company, the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company, JOHN LOWELL. Jr. tive practice in the courts and in connection witli business corporations and firms. In politics he is an Independent. He is a member of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 153 ITnioii and Tavern clubs of Boston. Mr. Lowell was married October 24, 1883, to Miss Mary I'liiliii Hale, of Philadelphia. 'I'hey have four children : Mary P^nilen, John, Ralph, and James Hale Lowell. McCLINTOCK, William Edward, Boston, civil engineer, who has been engaged in numer- ous important engineering works, is a native of Maine. He was born in Hallowell, July 29, 1848, son of Captain John and Mary liailey (Shaw) iMcClintock. On his father's side he is of .Scotch- Irish ancestry, his ancestor William McClintock, one of the defenders in the memorable siege of Londonderry. i68g, coming to this country from Londonderry in 1730, and settling in Medford, Mass. ; and on his mother's side he is descendant of that early Puritan divine, the Rev. John Bailey. He inherited his taste for engineering from both his father's and mother's family. His father was a well-known navigator, familiar with every ocean, who crossed the Pacific with a school atlas for a chart and a watch for chronometer. His grandfather, William .McClintock, after re- tiring from the sea, was an e.\pert land surveyor ; and some fine samples of his work are now on file in the State archives. William K. McClin- tock's early education was acquired in the Hallo- well graded schools. Afterward he took a four years' course at the Hallowell Academy, and spent one year at Kent's Hill Seminary. He was trained for his profession in office and field work, and received instruction under a private tutor. While a student, he taught a district school for one term. His first field work, as civil engi- neer, was with the I'nited States Coast Survey, with which department he was engaged, from 1867 to 1876, on work in Maine, Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana. In 1876-79 he was employed in the survey of the city of Portland; in 1877-79, '" ^he survey of Boston Harbor. From 1880 to 1890 he was city engineer of Chelsea. His special engineering works have included surveys for the South Pass jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi River, sewer systems for Chelsea, Revere, (lardner, Westfield, Easthampton, Andover, and Natick, Bennington, Vt., Bath, i\Ie., Calais, Me., St. Ste- phens, N.B., and Milltown, N.B. He has also been in consultation on sewer or water-works with the city of Holyoke and tiie towns of Spencer, North Brookfield, North Attleborough, and sev- eral smaller places. He has been a member of the Massachusetts Highway Commission since 1892, and was the first president of the Massachu- setts Highway Association. He is instructor of highway engineering in the Lawrence Scientific School, to which position he was appointed in 1893. He is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, of the Boston .Society of Civil Engineers, of the League of .American Wheelmen, and of the Chelsea Review Club, and is con- nected with the Masonic order, a member of Robert Lash Lodge of Chelsea, where he resides. WILLIAM E. McCLINTOCK. He is associated with the Church of the Re- deemer, of which he was treasurer from 1889-93. In politics he is a Republican on national ques- tions, and an Independent on State and city issues. He was married June 17, 1873, to Miss Mary Estelle Currier. They have five children : William James, Francis Blake, Samuel, Paul, and Dorothv McClintock. ^LVRDEN, Oscar Averv, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in Palermo, Waldo County, August 20, 1853, son of Stephen P. and Julia A. (Avery) Marden. His earliest 154 MEN OF PROGRESS. known ancestors on the paternal side were of southern New Hampshire, and on the maternal side of Ipswich, Mass. He was educated in dis- trict schools, with an occasional term at the Hisrh OSCAR A. MARDEN. School, and in Westbrook Seminary. Born on a farm, he lived the life of a farmer's boy till seventeen years of age, beginning at fifteen to teach school in the winter months. In 187 1 and 1872 he had charge of the English department of Dirigo Business College at Augusta, Me. In the spring of 1872 he came to Boston, and took the position of book-keeper for the New England office of the Victor Sewing Machine Company of Middletown, Conn. Here he remained till the au- tumn of 1874, when he entered the law office of Samuel K. Hamilton in the old Barristers' Hall, Court Square, as a student, and at the same time entered the Boston University Law School. He received his degree of LL.B. in June, 1876, and the following autumn was admitted to the bar. He began practice in Boston, and in September, 1877, removed to Stoughton, where he has since lived. From 1877 to i8gi he held a commission as trial justice there. In the latter year he was appointed judge of the District Court of Southern Norfolk, having jurisdiction in Stoughton, Canton, Sharon, and Avon, which position he still holds. In 1880 he again estab- lished an office in Boston. He has been a lead- ing member of the Norfolk County Bar Asso- ciation for a number of years, from 1886 to 1892 holding the position of secretary. In Stoughton he was for seven years (1886-89, 92-94) a mem- ber of the School Committee, and he has been president of the Stoughton Grenadier Association since 1880. He is prominent in the order of Odd Fellows ; was grand patriarch of the Grand Encampment of Massachusetts in 1893, and president of the Encampment Deputies Associa- tion in 1894. He belongs to but one club, the Pine Tree State, composed of natives of Maine resident in Boston and vicinity. In politics he is a Democrat. Mr. Marden was married October 19, 1882, at Stoughton, to Miss May Theresa Ball, daughter of Francis M. and Rosetta A. Ball. She died .\pril 4, 1890, leaving two chil- dren, one of whom, Edgar Avery Marden, only survives her. MARSHALL, Wvzeman, of Boston, player of the " old school," manager, dramatic reader, and teacher, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Hudson, September 26, 1816. When he was eight years old, his parents came to Boston ; and this city has since been his home. The family being poor, his schooling was meagre, consisting of a few years in public schools ; but what he lacked in regular training he more than made up by self-teaching and extensive reading, becoming a man of much culture. In his early youth he embarked in various pursuits, but his inclination was decidedly for the stage ; and in February, 1836, when but nineteen years of age, he succeeded in making a first appearance on the boards. This was at the Lion Theatre, Boston, then where Keith's Theatre now stands, and under the management of William Barrymore, in the small part of Vihulanus in " Virginius." For the remainder of that season he was a regular member of the company, playing in a variety of small parts. During the following summer he was with a company performing in Providence and in Newport, R.I., taking more ambitious parts, such as Pizzaro, Angcrstoff in " The Floating Beacon," and Duke of Bitikiiigham in Richard III.; and in the autumn he became attached to the stock company of the old National Theatre, Boston, then under the management of William MEN OF PROGRESS. 155 Pelby. Here lie rem;\ined tlirovigh a number of seasons, steadily advancing in iiis profession. On the 27tli of February, 1838, he was given his first benefit, appearing on this occasion as Pizzaro to the Elvira of Mrs. Pelby and the Cora of Mrs. Anderson (Ophelia Pelby); and also as Litluii in the ballet " L'Amour," displaying his talent as a dancer. During the next regular season, 1S38-1839, he had two benefits, at the latter, given June 27, 1839, playing Damon with Miss Eaton, afterward the popular Mrs. Woodward, as Calanthc, her first appearance. On this occasion, also, Mr. Marshall's brother Otis made his first appearance on the stage. In the summer of 1839 Mr. Marshall had his first experience as a man- ager, taking a small company through country towns, and doing a fair business. Again at the National for the season 1839-1840, he played numerous important parts ; and at his benefit that season, when he gave " Virginius," Henry Wallack, the eldest of the VVallack family, acted Dciitatns. The next summer he opened a theatre of his own in Boston, the •■ Vaudeville Saloon," WYZEMAN MARSHALL. in the old ISoylston Hall over P.oylston .Market, which then occupied the south corner of Washing- ton and P>oylston Streets. This also was a suc- cessful venture. Back to the National for 1840- 184 1, that season was marked l)y his introduc- tion to the stage (on the [8th of June) of the tragedian James H. Stark, who afterward be- came celebrated, and a great favorite in San I'Vancisco. The following sunnner lie took an- other company on the road, and as before met with success. The next regular season, 184 1- 1842, he was at the National, cast in the leading " heavies," and also the ballet-master. At the close of that season he brought his connection with this theatre to an entl. and on the 2 7lh of June following opened the .\mphithealre, on the corner of Haverhill and Travers Streets, which had l)een used largely for circus performances, and which he liad reconstructed as " Marshall's Eagle Theatre." He brought together here a strong company, with William If. Sedley Smith as stage manager, and gave such e-xcellent performances at popular prices that the house soon became a serious rival to its near neighbor, the National. Mr. Pelby of the latter thereupon conceived a ph\n to crush it. l^urchasing a quarter interest in the property, he proceeded, under cover of im- proving his portion of the building, to render the whole useless. On the night of March 22, 1843, immediately after the close of the performance, he gained the roof with a number of his car- penters, and cut out that part of it directly over the stage, removing the lumber. This high- handed proceeding was effectual, and the Eagle's career abruptly closed. But Mr. Marshall, un- daunted, took his company to the Providence Theatre, which he had leased earlier in the season, and opened there on the night of the 3d of April. At the close of the Providence season he went to New \'ork. where he played a short engagement at the Chatham Theatre, then under the manage- ment of Charles R. Thorne, the elder. Returning to Boston, he became a member of the company which supported Macready during his short sea- son here in the autumn of 1844. This ended, he made a starring tour in Maine and the provinces, covering a few months, and then returned to the Chatham. New York, where he became a pro- nounced favorite, and remained till the close of the season of 1847. The summer of that year he played '■ Damon on Horseback," a spectacular drama, at the Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, then a great amphitheatre : and star engagements in Utica, Syracuse, and Albany. For the regular season of 1847-48 he was at the Bowery Theatre, New York; and later in 1848 back in Boston, at 156 MEN OF PROGRESS. the Federal Street Theatre. At the close of the latter engagement he starred in the British provinces ; played a brief engagement at the Beach Street, Boston, then under the manage- ment of Joseph Proctor ; was for the next two regular seasons at the Arch Street, Philadelphia, as acting and stage manager as well as player, performing in Baltimore and Providence during the summer months ; after the close of his Phila- delphia engagement starred in Baltimore, \^'ash- ington, Albany, and New York, meeting with great success ; then took the Portland (Me.) Theatre as manager for a short season ; subsequently went South for a few months ; and in the autumn of 1851 returned to Boston, and assumed the man- agement of the Howard Athenajum for the season of 1851-52. During this season he introduced to the Boston public Mme. Anna Thillon, the singer ; Mrs. .A.nna Cora Mowatt, who became a great favorite here and all over the country (her first appearance as Parthcnia to Mr. Marshall's Ingomar) ; Laura Addison, who had been brought to this country from England by Charlotte Cush- man ; the famous English actress, Mrs. Warner, with whom he played such parts as Macbeth, Canlitial Wolscy, Lcoiifcs : and Lola Montez. This season closed, he starred throughout the country, and played in various theatres in Bos- ton, up to 1857, when in February he opened the new theatre in Worcester, which he managed successfully through to October 2, closing brill- iantly with a performance of '• ALicbeth." The year before, while playing at the Boston Theatre, he added to his fame by his successful produc- tion of "Zafari," an adaptation of " Ruy Bias" by Dr. Joseph H. Jones, of Boston, which was the forerunner of Fechter's appearance years after as " Ruy Bias," Mr. Marshall himself playing the hero, Zafari. After the close of the Worcester season Mr. Marshall made another starring tour, and in the spring of 1862 again assumed the man- agement of the Howard Athenaeum in Boston, con- tinuing here through the remainder of that and the regular season of 1862-63. ^"^ February, 1863, while still conducting the Howard, he took the Boston Theatre, then in a bad way financially, and carried it through the remainder of that season, playing Max Maretzek's Italian Opera, with other attractions. His losses were heavy, but, feeling sure of ultimate success, he went on with the next regular season, devoting himself to this house ex- clusively ; and the result fully justified his con- fidence. Opening with " Henry IV.." with James H. Hackett as the Sir John Falsfaff and himself as Harry Hotspur, he followed this with a run of brilliant attractions, — among them the great Spanish dancer, Isabella Cubas, Edwin Booth, Maretzek's Italian Opera, Edwin Forrest, Maggie Mitchell, Mrs. D. P. Bowers, playing Lady Auiilcy for the first time here, the Hernandez troupe, and the Barrow combination. — and at the end of the season found his losses of the pre- liminary season covered, and a handsome balance of several thousand dollars in hand. The season closed on the 13th of June, 1S64, with a compli- mentary benefit to Mr. Marshall. Then he re- tired from the theatre, and his notable career as a manager terminated. Since that time he has been engaged mainly in teaching elocution and fitting pupils for the stage. For several years, in conjunction with Miss Lucette Webster, he also gave dramatic readings and recitations before lyceums of New England. Mr. Marshall is prominent in the Masonic fraternity, having been connected with it since 1853, a large part of the time holding offices of trust and responsi- bility. He has been master of his lodge ( St. John's), high priest of St. Paul's Royal Arch Chapter, and eminent commander of Boston Com- mandery, grand warden of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, deputy high priest of the Grand Chapter of Massachusetts, and grand generalis- simo of the Grand Encampment of Massachusetts and Rhode Island ; and he is a thirty-third degree in the ancient and accepted Scottish rite. In politics he is a Democrat. On two occasions he was nominated for alderman, but failed of elec- tion, in one contest lacking but four votes of a plurality. At this time he received the distinction of a unanimous vote of the ward in which he re- sides. He lives on Beacon Hill, in Pinckney Street, one of the older ways of the old West End of Boston. MASON, EnwARD Palmer, of Boston, presi- dent of the Mason & Hamlin Organ and Piano Company, was born in Cambridge, June 13, 1859, son of Henry and Helen Augusta (Palmer) Mason. His father built the first American cabi- net or parlor organ, in 1854 founded the widely famed house of Mason & Hamlin which intro- duced the cabinet organ in its present general form in 1861, and was the first president of the MEN OF PROGRESS. '57 Orijan and Piano Company, whicli succeeded the firni in 1868. His grandfather, the eminent Dr. Lowell ^[ason, distinguished as the "father of American church music," introduced musical edu- cation into the Boston public schools, was one of the original members and one of the early presi- dents of the Handel and Haydn Society of ]5os- ton (founded in 18 15), and compiled its first col- lection of anthems, masses, and choruses ; and his uncle, Dr. William Mason, is a well-known musician and composer of New York. On the maternal side he is descended from Asher Pal- mer, whose father was Judge Thomas Palmer, of EDW. P. MASON. Rhode Island. Edward P. was educated in the Brookline public and Chauncy Hall (Boston) pri- vate schools, and at Harvard College, graduating in the class of 188 1, with honorable mention in music and philosophy and the degree of " cum /(iii(/c." Among other men of note in his college class were the Rev. Dr. George A. Gordon, now pastor of the Old South Church in Boston, and Charles MacVeagh, son of Wayne MacVeagh. After graduating from college, he entered the em- ploy of the Mason & Hamlin Organ and Piano Company, beginning as errand boy and clerk in the Boston house, and, working his way through the various departments, obtained a thorough ac- quaintance with all the details of the great busi- ness. In September, 1884, he was placed in a responsible position in the New Vork branch, and in 1S85 became its manager, which position he held till January, 1890, when he was elected treasurer of the company, and returned to the Boston house. In May following his father died ; and he was then elected president, and placed at the head of the business. .About the time that he entered the establishment, in the early eighties, Mason & Hamlin invented and patented a new mode of stringing pianofortes, recognized as a great improvement in piano construction, and began to manufacture these instruments in addi- tion to their extensive organ business ; and under his management the yearly sales of the Mason & Hamlin pianoforte have steadily increased. Mr. Mason is also a director of the Central National Bank, and trustee of the Home Savings Bank of Boston. He is a member of the Union Club, Boston. He was married April 26, 1886, to Miss Mary Lord Taintor, of South Orange, N.J. They have had four children : Henry (died in infancy), Gregorv, Lowell, and Ellen Mason. MILLER, Henry Fr.anki.in', manufacturer, Boston, president of the Henry F. Miller & Sons' Piano Company, was born in Providence, R.I., September 10, 1848, son of Henry F. and Fran- ces V. (Child) Miller. He is descended on both sides from the oldest families of Rhode Island. On the paternal side he is a lineal descendant of Roger Williams ; also a descendant of Joseph Jenks, who came from England to this country about 1636, settling in Lynn, Mass., and was the first founder w'ho worked in brass and iron on the Western continent : one of the several sons of Josejah Jenks, who settled in Rhode Island, was one of its colonial governors. On the maternal side his great-grandmother, Margaret Ogden, came from England when quite young, marrying George Beverl)-, of Providence, R.I., the third of his name in succession, and a descendant of the first Bev- erlys who came to this country from England, and settled in Massachusetts in what is now the town of Beverl)-. Margaret Ogden, whose mother was an Ingham, w'as the daughter of James Ogden of England, who, with a Captain Brooks, went to Prosperous, in the county of Kildare, Ireland, and established the first cotton manufactory in the kingdom. It is noteworthy, also, that, on the 158 MEN OF PROGRESS. paternal side, Kphraini Miller, as a machinist, with five others, built for Samuel Slater, in Rhode Island, the first cotton mill in this country for spinning cotton yarn. Henry F. came with his parents from Providence to Boston when he was seven years old, and here was educated. Gradu- ating from the Brimmer School, he went to the Boston Latin School ; and, urged by Francis Gard- ner, then head - master, he took the advanced course, fitting for college in three years instead of the usual six years' course, it being his intention to enter Harvard. After two years, however. HENRY F. MILLER. feeling that his services would early be needed in his father's pianoforte business, which was estab- lished about that time (1863), he decided to enter the English High School, and take the course which he deemed more practical for a business life. His class was one of the last under Boston's great teacher, Thomas Sherwin. He graduated in 1867 with high honors, receiving the Franklin medal and three Lawrence prizes. A pleasant episode of his school-boy life was the military drill, he being captain of the company which, at the first prize drill ever given by the Boston School Regiment, won the prize, a small silk flag which is still in his possession. At the celebra- tion of the semi-centennial of the school in 187 1 he was marshal of his class, which turned out fifty members in line. Upon leaving school, he en- tered his father's business. The senior Henr\" F. Miller was not only a musical genius, but also an e.xpert mechanician, having had many years' prac- tical experience in pianoforte manufacturing be- fore establishing the business which has since assumed such large proportions. Henry F., Jr., however, long before leaving school had become more or less interested in the various departments of pianoforte manufacturing, and was thoroughly conversant with the early traditions of this indus- try in Boston and elsewhere. He gradually as- sumed the financial management of the business, together with correspondence and other depart- ments ; and, on the death of his father in 1884, he, with his brothers, organized the present cor- poration, — the Henry F. Miller iS: Sons' I'iano Company. As president of the company, he has the general management of its wide-spread inter- ests. In the manufacture of the piano he has been instrumental in removing the bo.x-like ap- pearance of piano cases, and in developing their architectural and artistic features. An especially important factor has been his interest in concerts and in artists who have used the Miller pianos, himself managing the different tours of such great pianists as William H. Sherwood, Dr. Louis Maas, Fdnuind Neupert, Calixa Lavallee, and many others. Always deeply interested in the growth of music in this country, he took an active part in se- curing for the American composers the popular re- cognition which they have had in late years. He was one of the few active members of the Music Teachers' National Association, outside of pro- fessional musicians, and gave his heartiest support to Calixa Lavallee, with whom he co-operated in the production of the first programme entirely of .\merican composers at the meeting of the Music Teachers' National Association in 1884, at Cleve- land, Ohio. He is interested also in art, and fond of everything that appertains to it, including painting and the drama, as well as music. He is much concerned in philanthropic work, and has held offices connected with such work rather than civil or political positions. For more than twenty years he has been a life member of the Young Men's Christian Union. He is a director of the Boys' Institute of Industry, of which the Rev. Edward Everett Hale is president, and under w-hose leadership it has done much to awaken a favorable public sentiment in regard to giving MEN OF PROGRESS. '59 l)i)ys better opportunities for obtaining education ill mechanical arts. For some years past he has been a director of the Industrial Aid Society of ISoslon, and is at present one of its executive conunittee. He is connected witli various other philanthropic and charitable societies, and he has been prominent in the movement for tlie introduc- tion of manual training into the public school sys- tem. In religious faith he is Unitarian, and is a lirominent member and worker in the Church of the Linity, Boston, of which the Rev. Minot J. Sav- age is minister. .\t present (1S94) he is one of the standing committee of the church, chairman of the Board of Charities, and represents the society on several other connnittees. He is a member of the Minot J. Savage Club, a life mem- ber of the American Unitarian Association, and member of the Channing Club of Boston, estab- lished in 1887, of which he was one of the founders and the first president. In politics he has been a Republican up to within a few years, ])ut is now an Independent. He is a fine mem- ber of the First Corps of Cadets. Mr. Miller was married ( )ctober 29. 1874, to Miss Mary .\. (iavette, of Boston. They have an only daughter: Marsraret Ogden Miller. MILLETT, JosHU.\ HowARn, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in Cherry- field, Washington County, March 17, 1842, son of the Rev. Joshua and Sophronia (Howard) Millet. Mis father was a clergyman of the Baptist denom- ination, and author of the "History of the Bap- tists of Maine." He is a lineal descendant on the paternal side of Thomas Millet, who settled in Dorchester, Mass., in 1630, and on the mater- nal side of John Howard of the Plymouth Colony, afterwards one of the original settlers of Bridge- water in 1645, '^'^'^ of Mary Chilton, Plymouth, 1620. \Mien he was two years old, his parents removed to Wayne, Me. ; and there he attended the public schools. He was fitted for college at Hebron Academy, Hebron, .Me., entered Water- ville College, now Colby Lfniversity, and gradu- ated with the class of 1867. In 1878 he received the degree of A.M. He studied law with the lion. Isaac F. Redfield, late chief justice of the Supreme Court of Vermont, and W. .\. Herrick, of Boston, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1870. He began practice in partnership with Messrs. Redfield and Herrick, under the firm name of Redfield, Herrick, iS: Millett, which rela- tion continued until the death of Judge Redfield in 1876. Thereafter he continued with Mr. Her- rick until the latter's death, in 1885. Then he formed a partnership with Ralph W. Foster, son of ISishop R. S. Foster, of Boston, under the firm name of Millett &: Foster, which still exists. He was admitted to the Supreme Court of the United States in 1884. For a number of years Mr. Mil- lett has been associated with several business en- terprises outside of his profession, notably as counsel and president of the C'rosby .Steam Gauge JOSHUA H. MILLETT. and \'alve Company since its organization in 1875. He has resided in Maiden since 1869, and has held numerous important oflices there. From 1875 to 188 1 he was a member of the Maiden School Committee, 1878 79 a trustee of the Public Library, in 1880 chairman of the sub- committee for framing the city charter, and in 1892 member of the Board of Park Commis- sioners. In 1884 and 1885 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature, and served on the house committees on mercantile affairs, the judiciary, and metropolitan police. He has been president of the Maiden Home for .Aged Persons since its organization in 1892. He is a member of the following Masonic societies : Converse i6o MEN OF PROGRESS. Lodge, Royal Arch Chapter of the Taljeniacle, Melrose Council, and Beauseant Commandery of Knights Templars ; is a member of the South Mid- dlesex ITnitarian Association, of the Massachu- setts Society of Sons of American Revolution, of the Middlesex (political dining) Club of Bos- ton, and of several Maiden organizations. In politics he is Republican. Mr. Millett was mar- ried June 19, 1867, to Miss Rosa Maria Tredick, daughter of Charles and Hannah (Giles) Tredick. They have two children: Charles Howard and Mabel Rosa Millett. MOODY, William H., Boston, boot and shoe manufacturer, head of the house of Moody, Ester- brooke, & .Anderson, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in Claremont, May 10, 1842, son of Jonathan and Mary Moody. He was educated in the public schools of Claremont, and at the age of sixteen entered the shop of George N. Farewell & Co. in that place, where he learned the trade of manufacturing all classes of boots and shoes. but a short time, however, obtaining a position at a better salary and with larger opportunities in the boot and shoe house of Tenny, Ballerston, tS: Co. At the end of two years' service with this concern he became buyer for Sewall, Raddin, & Son ; and three years later, when the firm of Sewall, Raddin, &: Son was succeeded by Sewall, Raddin, & Co., he was admitted to partnership. Soon after the firm was reor '775 ; ''"^1 '^^^'o of his great-uncles were on board ship with Captain Luther Little in the Revolution. He was educated in the public schools of Scituate and of East Piridgewater, to which his parents moved when he was a lad of ten, at the East Bridgewater Academy and the Bridgewater State Normal School. Graduating from the latter in July, i860, he taught school during the autumn of that year and the following winter, and was prepared to enter Bowdoin Col- lege when the Civil War broke out, and he joined the Union army. He enlisted May 18, 1861, at East Bridgewater, as a private in Company C of the Twenty-ninth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, which was assigned to the depart- ment of South-eastern Virginia. He was in the engagement of the 8th and 9th of March, 1862, at Newport News, and the e.xpedition at Norfolk and Portsmouth ; and in the following June and early July, his regiment having joined the Army of the Potomac as part of the Irish Brigade under General Thomas Francis Meagher, was at the front nearly every day for several weeks, and constantly under fire. On June 15 he was in a sharp skirmish, when his company suffered its first loss. On the 27th he was in the battle of Gaines' Mill ; on the 29th in that of Peace Orchard and Savage Station ; the next day at White Oak Swamp Creek and Charles City Court-house; and on the ist of July at Malvern Hill. In the last-named battle he was struck by a musket-ball in the chest, and, rendered uncon- scious, was carried by some of his comrades a short distance to the rear, and left, as they sup- posed, to die. Restored, however, to conscious- ness an hour later by the efTorts of the surgeons, he took the gun and cartridge box from a dead soldier lying near him, and in the darkness found his way to the front, and rejoined his brigade. He had been in the ranks but a short time when an exploding shell shattered his left leg. Crawl- ing on his hands and knees to the edge of a forest, he there lay, bleeding and unattended, until near midnight, when a party of stretcher-bearers dis- WILLIAM H. OSBORNE. covered him, and carried him to the field hospital at the famous old Malvern House. By early morning the army had fallen back to Harrison's Landing on the James River ; and, with many others of the wounded, he fell into the hands of the enemy. Three weeks later, released on parole of exchange, he was conveyed to St. Luke's Hospital, New York City, from which he was finallv discharged in Januar)', 1863, unfit for fur- ther service. For his bravery and heroism at Malvern Hill, Lieutenant Colonel Joseph H. Barnes of his regiment caused his name, with others, to be sent to Governor .\ndrew with commendatory remarks, and subsequently recom- 1 66 MEN OF PROGRESS. mended him to the Secretary of War as a proper person to receive a medal of honor. After his return home Mr. Osborne engaged again in teaching in the village of Elmwood, East Bridge- water, and began the study of law with the Hon. B. W. Harris. He was admitted to the Plym- outh bar at the October term of the Superior Court in 1864, and has been in active practice ever since in all the courts of the State, largely as a jury lawyer. From 1865 to 1876 he was trial justice, and for several years commissioner of insolvency for Plymouth County. He is now one of the three examiners for Plymouth to pass upon tlie qualifications of applicants for admission to the bar, appointed by the justices of the Supreme and Superior courts. He has held the position of town treasurer, town clerk, and member of the School Committee of East Bridge- water, and was representative in the lower house of the Legislature two terms (1872 and 1884), serving his first term on the committee on probate and chancery, and his second term on the judiciary committee. He was appointed United States pension agent for the Massachu- setts district by President Harrison, May 28, 1890. He is a member of the Grand Army, for many years commander of the post of East Bridgewater. He has published a " History of the Twenty-ninth Regiment." Mr. Osborne is unmarried. 1 88 1, as clerk in the Norfolk House, Roxbury District; and he opened the Langham Hotel, for- PAGE, George Herbert, proprietor of the Langham Hotel, Boston, was born in Constanti- nople, Turkey, June 15, 1863, where his parents, William R. and Juliette (Churchill) Page, were at the time residing. His father was a native of Hallowell, Me., and was engaged in the ice busi- ness ; and his mother was born in England. His early education was acquired in French schools in Constantinople and Port Said, Egypt, and at a German school at Jaffa, Palestine. Then, com- ing to America with his parents, he attended the Wiscasset (Me.) public schools, and finished at the Hallowell (Me.) Classical School. He began active life in Boston, in the summer of 1879, as errand boy in the wholesale hardware house of B. Callendar & Co. After a short time here he went into the employ of Pierce, Tripp, & Co., mill supplies, and subsequently became book- keeper for the Tucum Manufacturing Company, Boston. He first entered the hotel business, in GEO. H. PAGE. merly the Commonwealth, as proprietor in Decem- ber, 1888. Mr. Page is unmarried. PAUL, Isaac Farnsworth, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Dedham, born Novem- ber 26, 1856, son of Ebenezer and Susan (Dresser) Paul. He is of English descent. He was educated in the Dedham public schools and at Dartmouth College, graduating in the class of 1878. He studied law in Boston in the office of Farmer & Williams, and one year in the Boston University Law School ; and he was admitted to the bar in i5 The following year he became associate editor of the United States Digest, and so served through 1885 ; then he was made sole editor, serving through 1886, 18S7, and 18S8. P"rom 1886 to 1892 he was head-master of the Boston Evening High School, and in 1893-94 a member of the Boston School Board. In politics he is Republican. He has been engaged in gene- ral practice in Boston since his admission to the bar, and attorney for the Board of Police of the city of Boston from 1889 to 1894. He is a mem- ber of the Dartmouth Club of Boston (president MEN OF PROGRESS. 167 in 1893 and 1894), of the University and of the lioston Art clubs. He was married March 22, ISAAC F. PAUL. 1883, to Miss Ida Louise Batcheller, daughter of Philip Batcheller of Fitzwilliam, N.H. They have three children : Philip Batcheller, Richard {■'arnsworth, and Katherine Paul. PERKINS, George Arthur, member of the Middlesex bar, is a native of Cambridge, born September 4, 1856, son of Levi and Elizabeth (Sands) Perkins. His father and mother were both natives of Maine, of old families, his father's family going from New Hampshire to Maine in the eighteenth century. He was edu- cated in the Cambridge schools, and fitted for his profession at the Boston University Law School, entering the latter in the autumn of 1874 and graduating in May, 1876. After gradu- ation he kept books for a large brewery for ten months, having charge of the banking and ship- ping, till of sufficient age to be admitted to the bar. Admitted in 1878, he has been in active practice in Boston ever since, having till the au- tumn of 1893 been associated with Charles J. Mclntire, now judge of Probate Court for Mid- dlesex County. He has been connected with numerous large and important cases, and has practised before all the court.s, both State and LTnited States, having for some years been a member of bar of the United States Court. He has served three terms in the lower house of the Legislature (1886-87-89), member of the committees on the judiciary and on probate and insolvency, acting as clerk of each. He is con- nected with the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders, member of the Mount Olivet Lodge, the Cambridge Royal Arch Chapter, and the Cam- bridge Lodge, No. 13, Odd Fellows. He has been president of the Alumni Association of the Boston University Law School; has held offices in a number of clubs of a social nature, and in several bicycle clubs ; and has been a member of the League of American Wheelmen for ten years. He has held the several offices in the last-mentioned organization, at present being chief consul of the Massachusetts Division, and second vice-president of the national body. He has been a strong advocate of good roads, and in 1892 was appointed chairman of the Massachu- setts Highway Commission, which position he still holds. In politics he is a Democrat. He CEO. A. PERKINS. has for many years been actively identified with his party, and lias been a member of nearly all 1 68 MEN OF PROGRESS. the committees. He is unmarried. He has al- ways resided in Cambridge. PERRY, Baxter Edward, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Lyme, April 26, 1826, son of the Rev. Baxter E. and Lydia (Gray) Perry. On both sides he is connected with early Worcester (Mass.) families. The Perry family migrated from Watertown to Worcester in 1751 ; and the (]ray family settled there soon after their arrival in the country, in 17 18. His great-great-grandfather on the ma- BAXTER E. PERRY. ternal side, Matthew Gray, and his great-grand- father, Matthew Gray, 2d, were Scotch-Irish Pres- byterians, of the large company who came out that year. His father, a graduate of Harvard in 1817, and of Andover in 1820, was pastor of the church at Lyme from 182 i till his death in 1830 ; and his mother previous to her marriage was a notable school-teacher in Worcester, later con- ducting a select school in Cambridge, under the shadow of the college. He was educated in the country schools, at Thetford (Vt.) Academy, and at Middlebury (Vt.) College, from which he grad- uated in 1S49. He began active life as a teacher, and was engaged in this occupation for several years, mainly as principal of the Chester (Vt.) Academy. While teaching, he studied law, and later, coming to Boston, read in the law of- fice of Ranney & Morse. Admitted to the bar on the first of May, 1855, he at once began prac- tice in Boston; and he has confined himself exclu- sively to his profession since, without interruption and with success. Beyond one term in the Gen- eral Court (1876) as a representative from Med- ford, he has held no public place, having declined all offices, positions, and work not in the line of professional pursuits. He has, however, occa- sionally written for magazines and the newspaper press, and delivered a few public addresses on literary and educational themes. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association, of the Masonic order, and of the Medford Club ; and he has been a trustee of Middlebury College since 1882. He was married August 26, 185 I, to Miss Charlotte H. Hough, of Lebanon, N.H. They have had four children : P^dward Baxter (now a pianist in Boston), Cora G. (now the wife of Charles A. Hamilton, of New York), George H. (now partner in the firm with his father), and Edith C. Perry. PETTENGILL, John Ward, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Salisbury, N.H., Novem- ber 12, 1836, son of Benjamin and Betsey (Petten- gill) Pettengill. He is of Puritan ancestry, a de- scendant of Richard Pettengill who came from Staffordshire, England, to Salem, in 162S, and there married Joanna, daughter of Richard Inger- soll. He was educated in the public schools, and in the Franklin, Salisbury, Northfield, and Hop- kinton academies. He was fitted for college by that eminent teacher. Professor Dyer H. Sanborn, and in 1854 was about to enter the sophomore class of Dartmouth when he was prevented by a severe bronchial trouble, which for a long time impaired his voice to such a degree that he was unable to speak. For the next two years, how- ever, he pursued the college studies at home under the direction of his father and a private tutor. In 1856 he became connected with the editorial department of the Indcpciulcnt Dcmonat at Concord, and while there began the study of law, reading in the office of Judge Asa Fowler. Early in 1858 he came to Massachusetts, and entered the office of John Q. A. Griffin and Alonzo W. Boardman, in Charlestown, as a stu- dent, and in March, 1859, was admitted to the MEN OF PROGRESS. l6g Middlesex bar, on examination, by the Hon. (ieorge P. Sanger, judge. He practised in Charlestown till the annexation of that city to Boston, in 1S74, when he moved his office to the city proper, where he has since been established. lie was a special justice of the Police Court of Charlestown for several years immediately preced- ing annexation, and in August following was ap- pointed justice of the Pirst District Court of Kastern Middlesex, with jurisdiction in Maiden, Melrose, Medford, Everett, Wakefield, Reading, and North Reading, which position he still holds. JOHN W. PETTENGILL. In his practice he has been especially successful in criminal cases. During the administration of the late Charles R. Train as attorney-general he secured verdicts of acquittal for his clients in three capital cases ; and in the case of the Com- monwealth 7'. Orne, indicted for burning a school- house in Charlestown, in which he was counsel for the defendant, four trials were necessary before the government could secure a conviction. He has also been successful in the conduct of civil suits involving important questions of law. For many years he has resided in Maiden, and has been prominent in the affairs of that city. He was elected a trustee of the Maiden Public Library Fund in 187S for the term of three years, and declined a re-election in 1881, after the library was established and in satisfactory condition. He was a member of the Board of .Mdermen for 1891, but declined a re-election in 1892. He was elected again in 1893, but positively declined a nomination for 1894. in politics he has usually been a Republican, and at one time was active in party work, frequently speaking on the stump ; but of late years he has devoted himself almost wholly to his professional work, with occasional addresses on some social science topic. He is president of the Maiden Board of Trade, an association which is interested in matters pertaining to the encour- agement of all legitimate business enterprises, and organized to collect and disseminate information respecting Maiden as a manufacturing city and a place of residence. He is also a member of the Middlesex, the New Hampshire, and the Kernwood clubs, and of the Deliberative Association, a liter- ary club of Maiden. Mr. Pettengill was married April 25, 1866, in Watertown, by the Rev. John Weiss, to Miss Margaret Maria Dennett, daugh- ter of John Richard and Mary Dennett, of Lan- caster, England. They have one child : Margaret Betsey Pettengill, born September 29, 1S67. POWERS, Wilbur Howard, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Croydon, January 22, 1849, son of Elias and F.meline (White) Powers. He comes of an ancient family which bore originally the Norman name of Le Poer. The first ancestor known was an officer under \\'illiam the Conqueror, whose name appears in Battle Abbey as one of the survivors of the battle of Hastings ; and the first ancestor in this country was Walter Power, who settled on a tract of land near Concord, now in the town of Little- ton, Mass. His sons added the letter " s " to the name. Elias Powers, the father of Wilbur H., w-as a farmer, widely known in the conununity for in- tegrity and hospitality. ( )n the maternal side he is of Saxon descent, from Elder John White, set- tled in 1632 in New Towne, now Cambridge, the site of whose farm is in part covered by Gore Hall, Harvard. His early education was attained in the district schools. Then he entered (Mean Academy at Olean, N.V., and subsequently Kim- ball Union Academy at Meriden, N.H. Graduat- ing from the latter in 187 1, he entered Dart- mouth, and there was graduated in the class of 1875, taking prizes in oratory and in English com- 170 MEN OF PROGRESS. position, and liaving as his part for commence- ment a philosophical discussion wliich won for him the highest commendation of the Faculty. His legal studies were pursued in the liioston Ihii- versity Law School; and, graduating therefrom in 1878, he was soon after admitted to the bar. The expenses of both his collegiate and law school education were defrayed by his own efforts. He began professional work in Boston on January 22, 1879, and has Ijeen established there since, en- gaged in an extensive practice. He has been counsel in many important cases in the courts and WILBUR H. POWERS. before committees of the Legislature. He was receiver of the Guardian Endowment Society, ap- pointed by the court in 1893, and succeeded in closing up its affairs promptly and satisfactorily. He served three terms in the General Court (1890-91-92) as a representative from Hyde Park, from the first among the leaders, and dur- ing his third term the official and acknowledged leader, on the Republican side, upon the floor of the House. He was in large measure the author of and responsible for the passage of the bill of 1892, redividing the .State into Congressional Dis- tricts, on a plan which he maintained was non- partisan. The bill passed a Republican House, a Senate equally divided between the two parties, and was signed by a Democratic governor. He made an effective speech in its defence, which gained the commendation of those who were bit- terly opposed to him. He was also the author of a bill in the interest of education, aiding more particularly the poorer municipalities, and endeav- oring to make a more equitable distribution of the corporation tax. He was elected a member of the first Board of Park Commissioners for Hyde I'ark for 1893-94, and was active in advocating the taking of Stony Brook Reservation for park ]3urposes, which was accomplished, the board join- ing the Metropolitan I-'ark Commission in the transaction. He has been for many years a mem- ber of the Republican town committee for Hyde Park, holding successively the positions of secre- tary, treasurer, and chairman; and since 1893 a member of the Republican State Committee. He is connected with the Masonic order, which he joined before graduating from college ; also with the Royal Society of Good Fellows ; and has been a prominent member of the Golden Cross, and counsel for the order at large for twelve years. He belongs to both the social clubs of Hyde Park, the Waverly and the Hyde Park clubs, — president of the Waverly in 1S94. In college he was a mem- ber of the D. K. E. Society. He was married May I, 1880, to Miss Emily Owen, of Lebanon, N.H. They have two children: \\'alter (born August 3, 1885), and Myra Powers (born May 22, 1889). PRRRLE, William Henrv, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Charlestown, born August II, 1856, son of Jeremiah and Elizabeth (Freeman) Preble. His parents were both natives of Maine, the father of York and the mother of Mt. Desert ; and he is of English descent. His education was acquired in the Charlestown public schools. After his graduation from the High School in 1874 he went to work as a clerk in a law office, devoting his evenings to study. He read law in the offices of George E. Smith and F. Hutchinson, and in 1880 was admitted to the I\Lrssachusetts bar. Four years later he was ad- mitted to the bar of the United -States Circuit Court. He began the practice of his profession in Boston, where he has been established since, his present offices in the Sears Building. His practice has been confined to the ci\il side of the court, consisting mainly of commercial litigation and probate and insolvency cases. In politics he MEN OF PROGRESS. 171 is a Republican, active in his party. For eight years he was prominent on the Republican city committee of Boston, and he is now a member of tury, is a native of Marlboro, born May 7, 1816, son of Nicholson Broughton and Lucy (Bond) Proctor. He received his early education in the local schools, and graduated from the Gates Academy in Marlboro. His parents intended him for the ministry, but his bent was strongly towards the stage ; and at the early age of seventeen, hav- ing found his way to Boston and enlisted the sym- pathies of William Pelby, then the manager of the Warren Theatre, he made his first bow before a theatrical audience. This was on the evening of November 29, 1833; and the part he essayed was Ba/iion in " Damon and Pythias," the Pythias being Edmond Connor, recently deceased (1894). His success was so marked that he was called upon to repeat the performance three times, one of the three at a benefit of Mrs. Anderson (Ophelia Pelby). Shortly after he appeared at the Tre- mont Theatre as Rolla in " Pizarro," and as Car- wiii in John Howard Payne's drama " Therese, the Orphan of Geneva," once a great favorite with Edwin Forrest ; and his next attempt was as Macbeth. This ambitious selection was made to meet the wishes of his parents, who had given WILLIAM H. PREBLE. the Republican State Committee. He was a mem- ber of the lower house of the Legislature in 1888 and 1889, serving both terms on the committees on elections (chairman) and on probate and insol- vency (clerk) ; and he had a hand in shaping some of the most important legislation of the session. He is connected with the Masonic and Odd F'el- lows orders, — a member of the Henry Price Lodge, Masons, of Scottish Rites bodies, and of the Mas- sachusetts Consistory ; is a past grand of the Bunker Hill Lodge ( )dd Fellows, and member of the committee on the judiciary of the Grand Lodge. He is also a member of the order of Red Men, and of the Nme Hundred and Ninety- ninth Artillery Association of Charlestown. He was married December 8, 1880, to Miss .Amy Bertha Nash, of the Charlestown District. They have five children : Florence L., F.lsie May, Grace A., Winnifred L., and Gladys Preble. Mr. Preble still resides in the Charlestown District. JOSEPH PROCTOR. their reluctant consent to his adoption of the pro- PROCTOR, Joseph, tragedian, whose profes- fession of an actor on condition that he should sional career has covered upwards of half a cen- appear in some prominent character, " they, good 172 MEN OF PROGRESS. souls that they were," as he has said, " trusting from the bottom of their hearts that failure would prove the result, and my aspirations for a stage life be fully satisfied." His success was so great that he took a stock engagement with Pelby, and applied himself to a careful study of the rudiments of the profession. At the close of his season in Pelby's company he moved westward, and for the next three years appeared at various theatres in general characters, from "utility" to leading busi- ness. His first engagement of this period was at Albany, where he spent a year, playing with many of the dramatic notables of the time, James Sher- idan Knowles and Thomas Apthorpe Cooper among the number. Then he joined a company which Charles R. Thorne and wife brought to Albany on their way West, and went with it to Buffalo, Toronto, and a number of Western cities. At Columbus, hearing from home that his mother was dangerously ill, he left the company and started East, travelling by stage over the .Allegha- nies, as there were then no railroads. At Phila- delphia, having received word of his mother's recovery, he rested, and, finding E. S. Connor, (who had played J'ythias at his first appearance in Bos- ton, ) at the \\'alnut .Street Theatre, he made an engagement there for the remainder of the season. This was the winter of 1836-37. The season was divided between Philadelphia and Pittsburg, in both of which cities he became a great favorite. After this he starred some time, in the west, and then, engaged by Thomas Hamblin for the Bowery Theatre, New York, appeared in the " Nick of the Woods," presented for the first time on the evening of the 6th of May, 1839, playing the Jihhenainosay, the part he subsequently made famous abroad as well as in his own country. This performance was received with great favor, and the play had a long and profitable run. The following season it was brought out in Boston, at the National Theatre, and the New York success was repeated. The ne.xt year Mr. Proctor spent mostly in starring tours. He travelled South and West, visited the Bahamas and other parts of the \\'est Indies. Again coming East, he filled engage- ments in Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Port- land, and Bangor, and made repeated successful trips in various directions. In 1848 he returned to Boston, and took the management of the then unprosperous Beach Street Museum, which he conducted for about a year with a fair measure of success. Thence he went to Portland, opening there the new theatre built for him by the Hon. F. O. J. Smith, in the early autumn of 1849. Here he continued as manager for a couple of years, during this time also playing frequent star engagements in the more prominent cities of the country. In the autumn of 1851 he left for a professional tour in California, where he remained till March, 1854. His return to Boston was fol- lowed by a succession of starring engagements in the principal cities. Then in May, 1859, accom- panied by his wife, he sailed for Europe, and after a summer holiday trip on the continent made his first appearance before a London audience at the Royal Standard Theatre. This was an immediate and pronounced success ; and the prosperous en- gagement continued through ten successive weeks, terminating only with the holiday season. An ex- tended tour of leading cities in the north of Eng- land, Ireland, and Scotland followed, with similar success, after which he returned to London for a series of farewell performances, the opening of which was thus announced in the local press : " Reappearance of the pre-eminent tragedian, Mr. Joseph Proctor, whose great success in his pro- longed engagement of seventy nights in London, and recent triumphs in the north of England, in Scotland, and Ireland, have won for him the golden opinion of the press and public. He will appear as Macbeth. Locke's celebrated music will be sung by the English Opera Company." His stay abroad covered about two and a half years, during which he played in various roles of the Shakspearian and standard range, and fre- quently in the Jibbenainosa}\ winning warm praise from the English critics. During this period, when playing a star engagement at the Theatre Royal in Glasgow, he first met Henry Irving, then a member of the supporting company, and was so impressed by his work and his evident de- termination to master every detail of the man- ager's as well as the actor's art, that he felt assured of the young actor's future, and told him so. Years after his words were most agreeably re- called by Irving when in Boston, who, at a little supper after the play, referred to Proctor as the kindest man he ever knew, — " a man enveloped in a kind and gentle spirit, whose encouraging words spoken to me when many years younger than I am to-night were more hopeful than this good man supposed they would be when, impelled by his inherent goodness of heart, he uttered them to a young actor struggling to reach his ideal in MEN OF PROGRESS. •73 his profession." Upon returning to America, Mr. Proctor repeated his starring trips over the coun- try. While filling an engagement at the Howard Athena-um in Boston in 1865, he played Mad)cth to Charlotte Cushman's Lady Mmiieth at the P)OS- ton Theatre in a performance for the benefit of the Sanitary Commission. Late in the seventies he played a series of successful engagements in Colorado. In 1885 he practically retired from the stage, and established a school of dramatic art in Boston, which he has since directed during tiie winter months, resting summers at his country place at Manchester-by-the-sea. He has occa- sionally given performances with his pupils in New England towns, before lyceums, and once since his retirement has appeared at a benefit performance in Boston, — at the Globe Theatre, April 8, 1890, in aid of the fund for the Mrs. J. R. Vincent Hospital, when he played Macbeth. Mr. Proctor was first married in 1837, to Miss Hester \\'illis ^^'arre^, daughter of William Warren, and sister of William Warren, the long-time favorite Boston comedian. She died in Boston, IJecember 7, 1841. He married second Miss Elizabeth R. Wakeman, daughter of Bradley Wakeman, of Bal- timore, in February, 1851. His wife and daughter. Miss Anna E. Proctor, and self are the surviving unities of his last alliance. RENO, Conrad, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Alabama, born in Mount Vernon, December 28, 1859, son of Jesse Lee and Mary B. B. (Cross) Reno. He is of French descent on the paternal side, and of English on the maternal side. His father, a graduate of West Point in 1846, served through the Mexican War, and in the Civil War was a major-general of United States Volunteers, in command of the Ninth Army Corps, when he was killed in the battle of South Mountain, Md., on the 14th of Sep- tember, 1862. Conrad Reno was educated in the schools of Baltimore, in Shortlidge"s Media Academy of Media-, Penna., and at Lehigh Univer- sity, where he spent two years. Then he came East, and studied law two years in the Harvard Law School and one year in the Boston University Law School, graduating in 1883. He was ad- mitted to the bar in September of that year, and, after three or four months in the law office of the Hon. Henry W. Paine, began practice on his own account in Pioston, where he has since been established. Among important cases in which he has been engaged was that of Eliot v. McCor- mick, Mass. Reports, vols. 141 and 144, now regarded as a leading case in Massachusetts and in other States, in which it was decided that a judgment against a non-resident defendant, with- out personal service of process or voluntary appearance, was null and void, and that certain State statutes which purported to authorize the rendition of a judgment upon notice by publica- tion were unconstitutional : this decision over- ruling a long line of Massachusetts cases and CONRAD RENO. reversing the practice of the preceding hundred years. And another was Eustis v. BoUes, Mass. Reports, vol. 146, and United States Supreme Court Reports, vol. 150, in which it was decided that the Composition Acts of Massachusetts were unconstitutional as applied to pre-existing con- tracts, and that a creditor waived his right to object to their unconstitutionality by accepting a dividend under the composition proceedings. The Supreme Court of the United States held that it had no jurisdiction to review this decision of the Massachusetts court. He has spent a large part of ten years in the study of constitutional law, and of the law of " non-residents and foreign cor- porations," and has published a number of w^orks 174 MEN OF PROGRESS. on these subjects. He has also written much upon economic and labor questions, ills publica- tions include: two papers on "Judgments by Default against Non-resident Defendants " {Atiicr- iam Laiv Jievicic, 1887 and 1888); papers entitled "Ogden ?■. Sanders Reviewed" {.American Law Register, 1888), " Impairment of Contracts by Change of Judicial Opinion" {Amcricaii Law Review, 1889), "Extra Territorial Effect of Limita- tion Bar" {American Law Review, 1890), "The Wage Contract and Personal Liberty" {Popular Science Monthly, 1892), "Arbitration and the Wage Contract" (American L^aw Review, 1892), "Pro- tective Tariff I-aws and the Commerce Clause " {American Law Review, 1893), "Individual Liabil- ity of Non-resident Stockholders " {American Law Revie7i', 1894): a pamphlet entitled "State Regula- tion of Wages" (Boston: B. Wilkins & Co., 1891,): and an elaborate work on " Non-residents and Eoreign Corporations," treating of the fundamental, rights, remedies, and liabilities of such residents and corporations, both under State law and Federal law, the first and only work covering these sub- jects (one volume; Chicago; T. H. Flood & Co., 1892). Since January, 1893, Mr. Reno has been an instructor in the Boston University Law School, on the subject of theses. He is a member of the Loyal Legion of the United States, in November, 1892, elected secretary of the committee on his- tory of the Massachusetts Conimandery ; a mem- ber of the Aztec Club ; of the Sons of Veterans, and other military organizations ; and of the An- cient Order of United Workmen. In politics he is of the People's Party. He attended the first national convention of the party in July, 1892, as a delegate from Massachusetts, and on September 6, 1893, was nominated for attorney-general of Massachusetts on the People's Party State ticket. He was married April 13, 1887, to Miss Susan Moore Eustis, daughter of the Rev. William T. Eustis, D.D., of Springfield. They have no chil- dren. 1660. His father. James Rollins, was born on the memorable July 4, ly?^- James W. was fitted for college at the South Berwick (Me.) Academy, and graduated at Dartmouth in 1845, at the age of eighteen years. His law studies were pursued with the Hon. John Hubbard and ROLLINS, James Wino.'vte, member of the SutTolk bar, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Rollinsford (formerly Somersworth), April 19, 1827, son of James and Sally (Wingate) Rollins. He is a descendant in the seventh generation of James Rollins, who came from England with the Ipswich settlers in 1632, and a few years after removed to Dover, N.H. ; and, on the maternal side, of John Wingate, w-ho came to Dover in JAMES W. ROLLINS. William A. Hayes, of South Berwick ; and he was admitted to the bar in York County, Maine, early in 1850. In May of the same year he was admitted to the bar of Massachusetts, and has practised his profession in Boston since that time. He had a large practice in the courts till about 1880, when, on account of increasing deafness, he was obliged to devote himself almost entirely to office practice. The only civil or political offices he has ever held were those of chairman of the School Committee of the town of West Ro.xbury (now part of the city of Boston) from 1868 to 1870, and member of the Board of Selectmen of the town. He has been a director of the Mas- sachusetts Central Railroad Company, and was for some years president of the Boston, Halifax, and Prince Edward Island Steamship Line. In politics he has always been a Republican, but he has not engaged actively in political work, having attended strictly to his professional business. He w-as married November 22, 1845, '^ Sophia MEN OF PROGRESS. 175 Atwill (born Sophia Webb Hutchings), and has living four children : Mary H. ; James W., Jr., now a well-known civil engineer of Boston ; Alice S., wife of Edwin T. ISrewster, of Cambridge ; and Edward A. Rollins, engaged in manufacture. SAUNDERS, Ch.vrles Hicks, of Cambridge, largely identified with the progress and develop- ment of the university city during the past forty years, was born in Old Cambridge, November 10, 182 1, second son of William and Sarah (Flagg) Saunders. His ancestors came to New England from ( )ld England as early as 1635, and on his maternal side some have always resided in Cam- bridge since that date. One of these, John Hicks, the great-grandfather of Mr. Saunders, was killed in Cambridge by the British troops retreat- ing from Lexington on the memorable 19th of April, 1775, while he was busily engaged, musket in hand, with a company of his friends, in picking off the redcoats. The city of Cambridge, in 1870, erected a monument to their memory in the old burial-ground in Old Cambridge. Charles H. Saunders received his education in the public schools of Cambridge, and was partially fitted for college in the Hopkins Classical School ; but, preferring a business career to a professional one, he early engaged in mercantile pursuits. After occupying a position in the Suffolk Bank of Bos- ton for a short time, he entered the hardware business in that city, and continued in it until the year 1863, when, at the age of forty-two, he re- tired. \\'hile in business, he made considerable investments in real estate in Cambridge, which he developed by the opening of streets and the erec- tion of houses ; and, since relinquishing the ac- tive care of business, his time has been largely occupied in interests of that character. He has always stood in the foremost rank of those advo- cating the carrying out of all improvements that should increase the attractiveness of his native city. In politics Mr. Saunders was first a Whig, and upon the disintegration of that party allied himself with the Republican party, of which he has always been an active and zealous adherent. He was early called to fill the various offices of the city. He was elected a member of the Common Council for the years 1853 and 1854, and of the Board of Aldermen for 1861 and 1862. In all the events of the Civil War he took the deepest inter- est, and aided all measures for its active prosecu- tion, especially the enlistment of men for the quota of the city. As one of the committee of the City ('ouncil on Soldiers and their Families, he had the disbursement of aid to nearly seventy soldiers' families intrusted to him. In the years 1864-65- 66-67 he served as one of the principal assessors of the city, and in the fall of 1867 was elected mayor for the year 1868, without opposition, hav- ing received the nomination of four distinct parties; and he was re-elected for the year i86g. His administration was remarkably successful, giving general satisfaction, and showing a large amount of permanent improvements, all carried out without the creation of any new debt. Among the improvements recommended by him and completed during his term of office were the establishment of a fire alarm telegraph system, the uniforming of the police, the erecting of mar- ble tablets to mark the graves of the soldiers in the Cambridge Cemetery, the grading and beauti- fying of the Broadway l^ark, the widening of Main CHAS. H. SAUNDERS. Street (now Massachusetts .\venue), the con- struction of a brick sidewalk from Harvard Square to Boston, and the laying out of walks and planting of trees in all the public squares and commons of the city. Lfpon his urgent appeal, made in both of his inaugural addresses, the City 176 MEN OF I'ROGRESS. Council decided to erect a monument upon Cam- bridge Common, the first camping-ground of the Revolution, in honor of the soldiers and sailors of Cambridge who fell in the Civil War. The cor- ner-stone of the structure was laid on June 17, 1869, with appropriate ceremonies, the mayor making the principal address. In 1876 Mr. Saunders was elected one of the commissioners of the sinking funds of the city, and has served as chairman of the board from that time to the pres- ent, during which period more than $2,500,000 of the city debt has been paid. He was also se- lected, in 1877, one of the commissioners on be- half of the city to settle a large number of estates which had been surrendered on account of the filling of the low districts by the city. He served for several years as one of the trustees of the Cambridge Savings Bank, and for eleven years as a director of the Cambridge Gas Light Company, in which corporation, being a large stockholder, he was instrumental in effecting important re- forms. H e served for many years as president of the Cambridge Lyceum Corporation, and is now its treasurer. In 1889, at the organization of the Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the .Ameri- can Revolution, he was unanimously elected its first president, and served for 1889 and 1890, declining a re-election in 1891. He is also a member of the Bunker Hill Monument Associa- tion, of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, of the Shepard Historical Society, and of the Cambridge Club. Mr. Saunders was married on September 18, 1849, to Miss Mary B. Ball, of Concord, by whom he had four children : Annie B., Carrie H., Mary L. (now Mrs. Clapp, of Lexing- ton), and Charles R. Saunders (now of Boston). for two years to the cost of finishing his education. In April, 1846, he came to Boston, working his passage on a sailing-vessel, and apprenticed him- self to Aaron E. Whittemore, of Ro.\;bury (whose shop was on the corner of Warren and Dudley Street, where the Hotel Dartmouth now stands), to learn the carriage-smith's trade and spring-making. Here he remained for two years, employing his evenings in the study of book-keeping, arithmetic, and writing. His employer failing in business, he spent the next two years working as a journey- man in Roxbury and Dorchester. Then in C)c- SCOTT, John Adams, of John A. Scott & Son, carriage builders, Boston, is a native of Nova Scotia, born in Windsor, Hauts County, October, 20, 1827, son of John and Elizabeth (Dill) Scott. His father was a native of Halifax, and his mother of Windsor ; and his grandparents on both sides were of Edinburgh, Scotland. He was reared on farms, and educated for the most part in the district school. His mother dying when he was eight years old, and the family being broken up, he lived till his fifteenth year on the farm of his father's only sister, attending school during the winter months ; and upon her death he went to work upon another farm, employing his earnings JOHN ADAMS SCOTT. tober, 185 1, he entered business for himself in the same shop in which he learned his trade ; and he has continued on the same street and near the site of the old shop ever since. His works have been repeatedly enlarged, and he has for some time been a leading member of the trade. He was president of the National Carriage Builders' Association in 1891, and is now (1894) president of the National Carriage Exchange. Before the annexation of Roxbury to Boston he was for three years a member of the Roxbury city government (1865-66-67), closing his service in its last Board of Aldermen ; and after annexation he was for three years a member of the Board of Overseers of the Poor of Boston. For a long period he was MEN OF PROGRESS. 177 connected with the mihtia, joining it in 1849. He was for seven years in the infantry ; and later, during the Civil War, joined the cavalry, in which he continued for twelve years, passing through all the grades up to captain, which position he held for three years. He was active during the war in assisting to fill Roxbury's quota. In the latter part of the war period he was a member of the military committee of the City Council, and he was one of the reception committee upon the re- turn of the soldiers at the close of the war. In politics Captain Scott is an ardent Republican. He is president of the Boston Market Men's Re- publican Club, and is connected with other organ- izations. He was married September 17, 1848, to Miss Sarah Sargent Long, of Chester, N.H. They have had three daughters and two sons : Mary Elizabeth, Mildred Orn, Jessie Fremont, John Franklin, and William Jackson Scott. The eldest daughter, Mary, died in September, 1S74; and Mrs. Scott died December 24, 1889. SERGEANT, Charles Spencer, general man- ager of the West End Street Railway, Boston, is a native of Northampton, born April 30, 1852, son of George and Lydia (Clark) Sergeant. His father was born in Stockbridge, where the family had made its home ever since the Rev. John Ser- geant, his direct ancestor, went there as a mis- sionary to the Stockbridge Indians in 17,35. Other branches settled in New Jersey and Penn- sylvania, the first of the family coming to America in 1640. On his mother's side he is a descendant of an old Northampton family which contributed its share to the Revolutionary militia. He was educated in the public schools of Northampton, graduating from the High School in 1868. His business career began that year, when he entered the employ of the First National Bank of East- hampton as boy. Subsequently he became teller of the bank, which position he held for four years. Then he went to Lake Superior, and, after spend- ing some time in the office of the Hon. S. P. Ely, in Marquette, Mich, (who was then secretary and treasurer and managing director of the Marquette, Houghton & Ontonagon Railroad Company, the Lake Superior Iron Company, the Morgan, Re- public, Humboldt, and Champion Iron com- panies), was made cashier and paymaster of the Marc|uette, Houghton & Ontonagon Railroad Company. Later he was engaged in the iron smelting business in Morgan, Mich. Returning East in 1876 to take the position of chief clerk of the old Eastern Railroad ("ompany, he became auditor of the company at the time of its reorgan- ization. After several years' service here he re- signed, to take position w-ith Charles Merriam, treasurer of many Western railroads, land com- panies, and kindred enterprises. When, in De- cember, 1887, the \\'est End Raihvay Company came into possession of the several street rail- ways centring in Boston, he was offered and ac- cepted the position of general auditor of the com- CHAS. S. SERGEANT. pany. Subsequently he was made second vice- president, and in November, 1892, was appointed to the position of general manager, which he now holds. He is a member of the new Exchange Club of Boston, the Calumet Club of Winchester, and of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts. He is fond of canoeing, fishing, shooting, and outdoor sports generally ; but, being a very busy man in a most responsible position, he rarely finds time to devote himself to their pur- suit. In politics Mr. Sergeant is classed as an Independent Democrat. He was married June 3, 1880, to Miss Elizabeth Blake Shepley. They have three children : Elizabeth Sheplev, Rosamond, and Katharine Sergeant. 178 MEN OF PROGRESS. SLOCUM, WiNKiELD Scott, member of the Suf- folk bar, and city solicitor of Newton, was born in Grafton, May i, 1841, son of William F. and / ^m ^ ^ and of the Newton Club : and he is a Free Mason and Knight Templar. In politics he is Republican, and in religion a Congregationalist, member of the Central Congregational Church of Newtonville. Mr. Slocum was married in 1873 to Miss Annie A. Pulsifer, daughter of Charles S. I'ulsifer, of Newton. They have iiad four chil- dren : Frederick Pulsifer (deceased), .\gnes Eliza- beth, Charles Pulsifer, and W'infield Scott Slo- cum, Jr. SOHIER, William Davies, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, October 22, 1858, son of William and Susan Cabot (Lowell) Sohier. He is descended on both sides from early Essex families — the Higginson, Cabot, Jackson, and Lowell families — which were closely connected w'ith the early history of the county. His ances- tor, Francis Higginson, was one of the founders of Salem ; and the Higginsons and Cabots were long prominent in Salem and Beverly. Another ances- tor, Jonathan Jackson, represented Essex on the committee which drafted the Massachusetts Con- stitution ; and another, John Lowell, was also a WINFIELD S. SLOCUM. Margaret (Tinker) Slocum. His paternal grand- father was Oliver E. Slocum, of Tolland, and grandmother Mary (Mills) Slocum. He was edu- cated in the Grafton schools and at Amherst College, graduating from the latter in the class of 1869; and studied for his profession in Bos- ton, in the office of Slocum & Staples, composed of his father and the late Judge Hamilton E. Staples of the Superior bench. Admitted to the bar in 187 1, he became a partner with his father in general practice, under the firm name of W. ¥. & W. S. Slocum, with offices in Boston and Newton. In 1881 he was made city solicitor of Newton, which position he has since held. He was a member of the first School Board of the city of Newton, and served in that body four terms (1874-77) ; and in 1888 and 1889 he represented his district in the lower house of the Legislature, serving both terms on the important committee on cities, the second term as its chairman. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association, of the Boston Congregational Club, of the Newton Con- gregational Club, of the Boston Athletic Associa- tion, of the Massachusetts (political dining) Club, WM. D. SOHIER, member on behalf of Suffolk, although a native of Essex. An earlier John Lowell was town clerk of Newbury, and deputy to the General Court MEN OF PROGRESS. 179 in 1643. Mr. Sohicr's father, grandfather, and uncle were each prominent members of the bar ; and on his mother's side lie is descended from Judge John Lowell, distinguished as the first United States district judge of the northern dis- trict, appointed by Washington, and is a nephew of the present John Lowell, who has recently held the same position. His mother was a daughter of John Amory Lowell. His early education was at- tained in Boston private schools and in the public schools of Beverly. Then he attended the Mas- sachusetts Institute of Technology in the class of 1875, and in 1876 entered the Harvard Law School. He completed his legal studies in the offices of Henry \V. Paine and Robert 1). Smith in Boston, and in 1881 was admitted to the bar. He began practice in Boston, and since 1884 has been associated with his uncle, ex-Judge John Lowell, of the United States Circuit Court. In the famous contests in the Legislature over the division of the town of Beverly, covering the years 1S86-90, he represented the opponents of division, first as a member of the committee appointed by the town to oppose the movement, serving as counsel, without pay, for the first two years of the struggle, and then as representative from the town in the lower house of the Legislatures of 1888, 1889, 1890, and 1 89 1, where he was again success- ful in defeating each attempt for division. In 189 1 the petitioners were discouraged; and, al- though a petition was presented, it was not pressed. The danger then being practically over, he de- clined to be a candidate for re-election for a fifth term. During his four terms he served on a num- ber of important committees, and was counted among the most influential leaders. He is a member of the Republican Club of Massachusetts, and at the time of its formation was chairman of the e.xecutive committee. He is also a member of the Union and Puritan clubs of Boston, of the Country Club, and of tire Essex County Club. Mr. Sohier was married in Boston, December 13, 1880, to Miss Edith F. Alden, daughter of Walter B. and Julia E. ( White 1 Alden, a lineal descendant of John Alden, of Plymouth. They have three children : Eleanor, Alice, and William Davies Sohier. the public schools of Rockland, and at Bowdoin College, from which he graduated in the class of 1870. He was first prepared for the ministry, taking the regular course of the Bangor Theologi- cal Seminary, and soon after his graduation there- from, in 1873, began preaching. For three years he was pastor of the Congregational church in Dunbarton, N.H. Retiring from the pulpit, he spent two years in European travel, and then ap- plied himself to the study of law, reading with Al- bert P. Gould, of Thomaston, Me. Admitted to the bnr in 1878, he has since practised in Boston. SPEAR, Wiii.iA.M Edward, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in Rock- land, January 2, 1849, son of Archibald G. and Angelica (Branton) Spear. He was educated in WILLIAM E. SPEAR. He was assistant counsel for the United States in the court of commissioners of Alabama claims from 1882 to 1885 inclusive, and subsequently assistant counsel for the government in the French spoliation claims. In January, 1893, he was appointed a L'uited States commissioner to take the place made vacant by the death of Henry L. Hallett. He has been a member of the board of overseers of Bowdoin College since 1888. In politics Mr. Spear is a Republican. He is an earnest bimetallist, and in the discussion of the sil\-er question has taken a prominent part, delivering addresses before boards of trade in the vicinity of Boston, and publishing numerous articles in advocacy of the free coinage of the I So MEN OF PROGRESS. whitu nifUil. He was married in October, 1878, to Mrs. Marie Josephine (kaiix. 'J'liey have had two children, Ma.x Branton and Louis Rene Spear, both deceased. He is a brother-in-law of Senator Frye and of ex-Governor Garcelon of Maine. SPENCER, Aaron Warner, of Boston, presi- dent of the Stock E.xchange 1860-62 and 1888- 90, is a native of Vermont, born in Springfield, Windsor County, son of Guy and Mary (Warner) Spencer. His ancestors on the paternal side A. W. SPENCER. were among the early settlers of this part of Vermont, and his mother's family was of Ac- worth, N.H. He was educated in the com- mon schools of his native town, and at Chester (Vt.) Academy, from which he was graduated. In 1842 he came to Boston, and has since resided there, during his active business life oc- cupying a conspicuous position among bankers and brokers of the city. He began as a clerk in the banking and brokerage house of J. W. Clark & Co., and in 1850 he was admitted to the firm. That year he also became a member of the Stock Exchange then known as the Boston Brokers' Board, in the transactions of which he at once assumed a prominent position. In 1S56 he retired from the firm of J. W. Clark &: Co., and established the banking house of Spencer, Vila, & Co., of which he was the head through an eventful decade of years. During tlie Civil War the firm were for a considerable period the sole agents of the Treasury Department for the sale of govern- ment securities in the New England States, and their sales aggregated hundreds of millions of dollars. At that time Mr. Spencer was one of the largest operators connected with the Stock Exchange, and classed among the shrewdest. He was first elected president of the Exchange in September, i860, and served through re-elections till September, 1862. His second term, for the years t 888-90, was twenty years after his retire- ment from the firm of Spencer, Vila, & Co. and from active business (1867). He was among the earliest members of the board to take an active interest in the copper mining districts of Lake Superior, then undeveloped ; and, when a partner in the house of J. W. Clark & Co., he made frequent visits to this region, passing over the very sections where are now the rich Calumet and Hecla, the Tamarack, and the Osceola mines, at that period covered by an utterly unexplored wilderness. From that time he has been con- nected with Lake Superior mining interests, and has retained large holdings in the leading produc- ing mines. Since his retirement from business he has taken no prominent part in the trans- actions of the Exchange, although he continues his connection with it, and is a daily attendant at its sessions. He is a member of the Temple, Algonquin, Suffolk, Art, and Country clubs. He was married in June, 1853, to Miss Josephine Vila, of Roxbury. His only surviving child is Josephine (now Mrs. Frederick Lewis Gay). His only son, Alfred Warner Spencer, a graduate of Harvard College, died in 1887. Mr. Spencer has resided since 1853 in Dorchester, now the Dorchester District of Boston, owning there, on Columbia Street, a large, old-fashioned, most attractive rural estate, comprising nearly twenty acres, with oaks of more than a century's growth, and stone walls built a hundred years ago. SPOFFORD, John Calvin, architect, Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Webster, Andros- coggin County, November 25, 1854, son of Phineas M. and Mary E. (Wentworth) Spofford. His ancestry is traced to John and Elizabeth MEN OF PROGRESS. l8l (Scott) Spofford, who came from Yorkshire, Eng., to this country in 1638, and settled in tiiat part of Rowley, Mass., now the town of (Jreorgetown. He is a lineal descendant of John Went worth, lieutenant governor of the province of New Hampshire from 17 17 to T730. His great-great- great-grandfather. Captain John Wentworth, fought on the " Plains of Abraham " at the battle of Quebec, and was one of the men who carried \\'olfe to the rock beside which he died. His father, IMiineas M. Spofford, was a ship-carpenter and farmer in Webster. John C. spent his early boyhood on the farm of his grandfather, Foster I). Wentwdith, attending the district school during the winter months. Later he enjoyed several terms at the Monmouth Academy, Monmouth, Me., and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, Kent's Hill. While attending these academies he taught some time in his old district school, using the pro- ceeds from this service to defray the expenses of his education. Subsequently he became principal of .Smith's Ilusiness College in Lewiston, where he remained for a year or more (1876-77). When a pupil in the district school, he excelled in drawing ; and he early evinced a liking for architecture, which was stimulated by work at the carpenter's and mason's trade after leaving the school-room. Finally, he determined to adopt architecture as a profession, and in 1879 came to Boston to prepare for it. He first entered the office of H. J. Preston, where he worked and studied for about a year. Then in February, 1881, he engaged as a draughtsman with Sturgis & Brigham, one of Bos- ton's leading firms of architects, and continued in their employ until 1886. During this period he had charge of the construction of a number of noteworthy public and private structures of the firm's design, among them the building of the Massachusetts Life Insurance Company on State Street in Boston, and the residence of H. H. Rogers of the Standard Oil Company in New York, hi 1887 he engaged in professional work on his own account, and in March of that year formed a copartnership with Willard M. Bacon, under the firm name of Spofford & Bacon. At the expira- tion of a year this partnership was dissolved, and he united with Charles Brigham, formerly of Sturgis & Brigham, under the name of Brigham & Spofford. He obtained for the new firm, among other large and valuable contracts, those for the alteration and enlargement of the Maine State House and for the construction of the new City Hall of Lewiston, Me. The work of designing and building the Massachusetts State House Flxtension was also begun under the firm of lirigham & Spofford, and its other notable work included the Asylum for Liebriates and Dipso- maniacs in Foxborough ; the Presbyterian church in the Roxbury District, Boston ; the passen- ger stations on the Old Colony division of the New "S'ork, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, at Roxbury and Stoughton ; the Town Hall and Public Library in Fairhaven ; the Memorial Hall in Belfast, Me. ; the residence of J. Manchester JOHN C. SPOFFORD. Haynes in Augusta, Me., pronounced the finest residence in the Kennebec Valley (burned in 1893); and extensive residences in the l-lo.xbury and West Roxbury Districts of Boston. Li February, 1892, the firm was dissolved; and after a trip abroad Mr. Spofford opened his present offices in the John Hancock Building, Boston, and resumed work upon several important com- missions. Of his later designs are the new- City Hall of Bangor, Me., the Methodist church and the Hapgood Building in Everett, and numer- ous residences, among them the elegant house of Charles E. Jennings, of Everett. Mr. Spoft'ord is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders ; has been grand protector of Massachusetts l82 MEN OF PROGRESS. in the Knights and Ladies of Honor, and is a member of a number of other fraternal associa- tions. He was elected president of the " Spofford Family Association" in 1888, on the occasion of the gathering of seven hundred members of the family from all parts of the country, to celebrate the 250th anniversary of the arrival from England in this country of John Spofford and Elizabeth Scott, his wife, the founders of the family in America. Mr. Spofford was married July 6, 1881, to Miss Ella M. Fuller, of Turner, Me. They have one child : Mabel Euller Spofford. affairs for a number of years. He was a mem- ber of the Common Council in 1887-88, and he has been an alderman three terms (1892, 1893-94), serving on the important committees on finance, ordinances, claims, and accounts, and chairman of the board in 1894. He was for two years a member of the Republican ward and city committee, and member of the county committee for 1893 and 1S94. He belongs to the Masonic order and to the Knights of Pythias : chancellor commander of the latter in i886. In religion he is Unitarian, clerk of the First Unitarian So- ciety of Chelsea, and member of the standing committee. He was married February 14, 1882, to Miss Idella E. Wilkinson. They have two chil- dren : Ralph A\'. and Ethel L. Stearns. CEO. M. STEARNS. STEARNS, Gilorge Mvron, of Chelsea, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Spencer, born April 27, 1856, son of Isaac N. and Mary (Wood) Stearns. He is descended from Isaac Sterne (afterwards spelled Stearns) who came from Eng- land in 1630, and was one of the early settlers of Watertown, a selectman of the town in 1659, and again in 1670 and 167 1. He was educated in the common schools and at Wilbraham Academy, and fitted for his profession in the Boston University Law School, from which he graduated in the class of 1879. He was admitted to the bar in 1880, and has since practised his profession in Boston. In Chelsea he has been prominent in municipal SLIGHRUE, Michael Joseph, assistant dis- trict attorney for Suffolk, is a native of New Hampshire, born in NasJiua, August 27, 1857, son of John and Julia (Sullivan) Sughrue. He is of Irish ancestry. His general education was ac- quired in public schools of Boston — the family moving to that city when he was a child — and at \ M. J. SUGHRUE. the Crosby Academy of Nashua. Obliged early to earn his living, he engaged in various occupations MEN OF PROGRESS. 183 in Boston, some time in the dry-goods business, then in tiie post-office, then as assistant in the Social Law Liljrary. meanwhile studying law at home. At length he entered the Boston Univer- sity Law School, and, graduating therefrom in 1888, was admitted to the Suffolk bar. After about three years spent in general practice, asso- ciated with George L. Huntress, Homer Albers, and J. Porter Crosby, having offices in the Sears Building, he was appointed (in June, 1891) assist- ant district attorney for the Suffolk District by the Hon. Oliver Stevens. He is a member of the University Club, District Attorneys' Club, the Young Men's Catholic Association, the Catholic Union, Clover Club, the Young Men's Democratic Club, the Charitable Irish Society, Savin Hill Yacht Club, and the Knights of Honor. Mr. Sughrue was married in Boston on June 22, 1892. to Miss Elizabeth Frances Quinn. S\\'IFT, GENER.A.L John Linds.-w, some time naval officer at the port of Boston, and for eigh- teen years a deputy collector of the Boston custom-house, is a native of Falmouth, Barn- stable County, born May 28, 1828, son of Joseph Pease and Priscilla (Dimmock-Chadwick) Swift, both also natives of Falmouth. When he was nine years of age his parents removed to Utica, N.V., where he was educated at the academy of that city. At the age of seventeen he came with his family to Boston, and here began active life in mercantile business. From 1848 to 1852 he was a prominent member of the Mercantile Library Association, at that time including among its members many of the foremost of the younger business men of the city. Deciding to become a lawyer, he entered the Harvard Law School in 1854, where he remained two terms, leaving be- fore graduation, however, to accept a clerical position in the city government of Boston. In 1855 and 1857 he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature, and was an active sup- porter of Henry Wilson for his first term and of Charles Sumner for his second term as United States Senator. He became pilot com- missioner in 1858, by appointment of Governor Banks. This office he resigned at the opening of the Civil War, at which time he was acting as lieutenant of the " Boston Tigers," a battal- ion of the local militia then occupying Fort War- ren under orders of Governor Andrew. In June, 186 1, he was appointed United States storekeeper at the custom-house ; and here he remained nearly a year, resigning in .Vugust, 1862, to enlist as a private in the Thirty-fifth Regiment, Massa- chusetts Volunteers. He was early promoted to the rank of sergeant, and in August, 1862, while his regiment was embarking on a train for An- tietam, was detached as lieutenant to recruit a company in Roxbury. Subsequently, as captain of Company C, Forty-first Regiment, he joined General Banks's expedition to the Department of the Gulf. Early in 1863 he was appointed pro- ■.^^ JOHN L. SWIFT. vost judge of Baton Rouge, La. He was re- lieved from this position at his own request, and in 1863 was detached from his regiment, and made captain and judge advocate on the staff of General Grover, commanding a brigade of the Nineteenth Army Corps then under orders for active service in the Department of the Gulf. He was one of the volunteers of the " Forlorn Hope " for the assault on Port Hudson in June, 1S63. In 1864 he was honorably discharged from the army to become adjutant-general of the State of Louisi- ana, which position he held till some time in 1865, when he resigned, and returned North. In Sep- tember, 1866, he became naval officer at the port of Boston, appointed to that position by President Johnson, and holding it till the following March, 1 84 MEN OF PROGRESS. when he was succeeded by General Francis A. Osborn. The next month Collector Thomas Russell appointed him deputy collector. This was the beginning of his long service in that office, broken only by two excursions into business and professional undertakings. His first withdrawal was in 1869, when he resigned to engage in busi- ness in New York City. In 1874 he was again appointed deputy collector by Collector Simmons, and served from that date through the administra- tions of Collectors Simmons, Beard, and Wortli- ington. He resigned his office in November, 1885, when the Hon. Leverett Saltonstall was commissioned collector. His next term of ser- vice was from March, 1890, to March, 1894, under Collector Beard. Early a sympathizer with the anti-slavery cause, he became a member of the Republican party at its inception. He took a somewhat prominent part in the Anthony Burns "riot" in 1854. Aside from politics, his natural capacities as a public speaker have found practice in the cause of religion and temperance. He has taken an active part as a speaker on the stump in every presidential campaign since 1852. He is a member of the Loyal Legion and of the Grand Army of the Republic (a comrade of Post 68) and of the Massachusetts and Congregational clubs. His published works are : " Speech on the Removal of E. G. Loring from the office of Judge of Probate," April, 1855; "About Grant," Boston, 1880: the oration at the bicentenni.d celebration of Stow, May, 1883 ; the oration at the celebration of the two hundredth anniver- sary of the incorporation of Falmouth, June 15, 1886 ; and the "Oration before the City Council and Citizens of Boston, July 4, 1889." He was editor of a weekly paper. After Dinner, during 1873 and 1874; and of the State, a weekly poHti- cal and general newspaper, from 1885 to 1887 ; from 1887 to 1890 he served on the editorial stafT of the Evening Traveller ; in his earlier years he did editorial work on the National Republican in Washington, and on the Commercial Advertiser in New York. General Swift was married in 1854 to Miss Sarah E. Allen, of Boston. Three sons were born to them, the eldest dying in infancy. The two now living are residents of Boston. He has been a resident of Roxbury since 1857. 25, 1838, .son of William F. Temple, a son of Samuel Temple, a graduate of Dartmouth College, author of many musical works, and of " Temple's Arithmetic." His mother was Milla H. (French) Temple, daughter of the Hon. Thomas French, of Canton, a noted man in Norfolk County from 1830 to 1850, having been in the Senate and in Governor Briggs's Council. When he was a child, his parents moved to Dorchester, and he was edu- cated there in the public schools. In 1855 he entered the service of the Dorchester Insurance Company ; and he has held all the positions in the TEMPLE, Thomas French, register of deeds, Suffolk County, is a native of Canton, born May THOMAS F. TEMPLE. gift of the company, being now its president. He served as town clerk and treasurer of Dorchester from 1864 to 1870, when the town was annexed to Boston ; was a trial justice for Norfolk County previous to annexation, and became the first judge of the Dorchester District Municipal Court estab- lished with annexation. In 1870, also, he was one of the representatives of the new district in the Boston Common Council. The next year he was first elected to his present position as register of deeds, and has held it continuously through re-elections from that date. Mr. Temple is con- nected with a number of business corporations and numerous philanthropic organizations. He is a director of the International Trust Company, MEN OF PROGRESS. 185 of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, of the Dorchester Hygeia Ice Com- pany, and of the Boston Lead Company ; presi- dent, as above stated, of the Dorchester Mutual Fire Insurance Company: and trustee of the Home Savings Bank. He served for twenty years on the Board of Overseers of the Poor in Boston, several terms as chairman, finally resign- ing in 1890; and he has been for a long period trustee of the Perkins Institution for the Blind, trustee of the Boston Farm School on Thomp- son's Island, and president of the trustees of Cedar Grove Cemetery. He is a leading Mason, past master of the Union Lodge, member of the Boston Commandery Knights Templars, and treasurer of the Massachusetts Consistory; and is quite prominent in other fraternal societies, be- longing to the United Workmen, the Knights of Honor, the Royal Arcanum, and similar orders. He has held the position of grand receiver of the Grand Lodge of United Workmen of Massachu- setts since 1885 ; is also senior grand master workman of that body ; has been a member of the Supreme Lodge of United Workmen and Knights of Honor, and has served on the finance committee of both organizations. He has long been a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, commander of the organiza- tion in 1886, and now chairman of its finance committee; is a member and \ice-president of the Old Dorchester and Minot clubs : member of the Codman Club, Hale Club, and National Lancers. He was formerly connected with the Dorchester and Boston fire departments, and was fireman of Engine 20 at the time of the Great Fire in 1872. Mr. Temple was married in July, 1863, to Miss S. Emma Spear, a daughter of Cap- tain John Spear, of Neponset, Dorchester, form- erly of Quincy. He has four daughters and a son. THOMPSON, Newell Aldrich, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Boston, born March 6, 1853, son of Newell A. and Susan Saunderson (Wyman) Thompson. He is a lineal descendant of David Thompson, a Scottish gentleman, scholar, and traveller, who first came to .America in 1622, sent out by Gorges and Mason to superintend their settlement in Piscataqua, and for whom Thomp- son's Island, in Boston Harbor, which was owned and later occupied by him as an Indian trading- post in 1623. was named; and on the maternal side he descends from I'rancis Wyman, one of W'inthrop's company, who settled in 1642 in what is now the city of Woburn. His father, Newell A., was of the old Boston firm of N. A. Thomp- son & Co., real estate auctioneers ; was several terms in the city government, served in the State Legislature, was a member of the governor's coun- cil, and was especially active in the State militia, his military career covering many years, including service in the Independent Company of Cadets, the Boston City (iuards of which he w-as long the captain, as lieutenant colonel of the First Kegi- N. A. THOMPSON. ment, major and inspector-general of the F"irst Brigade on the staff of Major-General Edwards, and on the military staff of Governor Banks. Newell A. Thompson was educated in Boston public schools, — spending five years in the Brim- mer School and fitting for college in the Latin School, where lie graduated in 1872, — and at Harvard graduating in the class of 1876. Among his college classmates were the Rev. Charles F. Thwing, Francis L. W'ellman, now assistant dis- trict attorney of New York, William F. Moody, assistant district attorney of Massachusetts, Will- iam L. Chase, merchant, Fred J. Stimson, lawyer and author, John 1". Wheelwright, and Professor liarrett Wendell of Harvard College. He engaged i86 MEN OF PROGRESS. in the coal business first as a salesman for Berwind, White, & Co., Philadelphia, dealers in soft coal. Then he became salesman for Coxe Brothers & Co., of New York, hard coal, and subsequently was New England sales-agent for the Lehigh Valley Coal Company till 1S89, when he left it to enter business for himself, estab- lishing the firm of N. .\. 'I'hompson & Co. in the wholesale and retail coal trade. Following in the foot.steps of his father, he has been active in military affairs all his life, making his first appear- ance on Boston Common in July, 1861, as cor- poral of Company A, Second Battalion Infantry, known as the Boston Light Infantry. He was appointed sergeant-major of the First Regiment of Infantry, June 27, 1879, under Colonel Wales; was next commissioned first lieutenant and ad- jutant of the Fifth Regiment, December 29, 1879, under Colonel Trull, holding this position till De- cember 29, 1881, when he resigned; was ap- pointed sergeant-major on the staft" of the Second Brigade, June 27, 1885 ; and on May 25, 1886, was commissioned aide-de-camp with the rank of captain on the staff of the Second ISrigade under General Peach, which position he resigned July 8, 1894. During the administration of Governor Ames (three years) he was detailed on the staff of the commander-in-chief as acting assistant in- spector-general. He joined the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, May 12, 1879, ^"'^l was elected adjutant of the company in 1886-87. In politics Mr. Thompson is a Republican, in- clined toward Independence. He has never held civil or political office, and is not active in polit- ical organizations. He is connected with the Ma- sonic order, and is a member of the University Club of Boston, of the Bostonian Society, and of the New England Historic Genealogical Society. He has been an extensive traveller in European countries, having made several trips abroad, using the time allotted to recreation in this manner. He was married April 11, i88g, to Miss Florence G. Peck. She died January 8, 1891, leaving one child : Newell A. I'hompson, Jr., born February 3, 1890. TOWLE, George Henrv, member of the Suf- folk bar, was born in Boston, April 9, 185 1, son of Henry and Mary Ann (McCrillis) Towle. He is of Scotch-Irish ancestry, a descendant of Philip Towle, who came to Portsmouth, N.H., in 1635. His mother's ancestors were pure Scotch. He was educated in Boston public schools, — the Dwight Grammar and the Boston Latin, — and at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., in the class of 1873. After graduation from college a year before his class, he studied law with Messrs. Perry & Creech, and was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County in September, 1873. He has GEO. H. TOWLE. practised since in Boston, devoting particular at- tention to corporations. He has also been en- gaged in railroad building and mining in the South and West. He is a member of the Massa- chusetts lodge. Masons, St. Paul's Chapter, Hugh de Payens Commandery; and of the Scottish bodies in Boston. In politics he is Republican. Mr. Towle was married October 25, 1875, to Miss Sarah Dorset Hamblin. They have two children : Mary Rutter, born in 1877 ; and Sarah Isabel Towle, born in 1879. VOSHELL, Samuel Shaw, of Boston, super- intendent of the John Hancock Mutual Life In- surance Company, is a native of Delaware, born near Dover, Kent County, January 14, 1855, son of Joseph and Levenia (Hobbs) Voshell. His pa- ternal grandparents were Samuel and Elizabeth (Shaw) Voshell, and his maternal grandparents, MEN OF PROGRESS. 187 Joliii and Patience (Hinsley) Hobbs, all of Dela- ware. He was educated in the country public schools. He began business life at seventeen as salesman for his uncle, Amos H. Hobbs, in a general country store at Odessa, Del., where lie remained till April, 1876. Then he started in the same business on his own account, establishing S. S. VOSHELL. himself at Smyrna, and continued here till Decem- ber, 1879. About a month later, January 27, 1880, he entered the employment of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company at Philadelphia as agent, and has since that time been engaged with this company. In September, 1882, he was promoted to the position of superin- tendent at New Haven, Conn. ; and on the 5th of February, 1884, came to Boston in the same capacity. In politics he is a Republican, but is not active in political work. He is a member of the Old Dorchester Club, of the Dorchester Dis- trict, where he resides. He was married on the 28th of December, 1882, to Miss Christianna L. Lentz, of Philadelphia. They have two children : Walter L. and S. Howard Voshell. WAIT, William Cushing, member of the Suf- folk bar, is a native of Charlestown, born Decem- ber 18, i860, son of Elijah Smith and Eliza Ann Hadley) Wait. He is a descendant of Captain John Wayte, who came to Maiden some time about 1638 ; and his immediate ancestors were residents of Medford. His early instruction was received from his mother, who had been at one time a school-teacher. Afterward he attended school in Charlestown, and after his tenth year the public school in Medford, the family moving there in 1870. He was prepared for college at the Medford High School under L. L. Dame, and was graduated from Harvard in the class of 1882, being made a member of the Phi Beta Kappa So- ciety, receiving the siimma cum laitdc degree, with highest honors in history. He studied law in the Harvard Law School, graduating in the class of 18S5, with the degrees of LL.]!. and A.M., and was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County July 21, 1885. Three years later, on May 15, i888, he was admitted to the bar of the United States Circuit Court, and in 1891 to the bar of the Cir- cuit Court of .Appeals. He began practice in the office of Nathan Matthews, Jr., later mayor of Boston, and in 1886 opened his own office. In 1890 he formed with Samuel J. Elder the law firm of Elder tS: Wait, now, by the admission of Edmund A. Whitman, under the name of Elder, Wait &: Whitman, with offices in the .Ames Build- ing. He has resided in West Medford or Med- ford since his boyhood, although, owing to the re- moval of his father and family to Chicago in 1877, he is registered at Harvard as from Chicago ; and in late years has been prominent in municipal affairs. He was a member of the special commit- tee on securing a charter for the city of Medford in 1892 ; an alderman of Medford the following year, declining a renomination ; and for three years (1892-94) a sinking fund commissioner. For several years also he served on the Demo- cratic town and city committee. He was twice a candidate for the lower house of the Legislature from Medford (1890 and 1S91), and twice de- feated by the Hon. William B. Lawrence. In politics he is a Democrat, with decided Indepen- dent leanings. With the Hon. Sherman Hoar he was of the original Cleveland men of Harvard, and he was early an advocate of tariff reform. He is a member of the New England Tariff Re- form League, of the Medford Tariff Reform League, and the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts. Other organizations to which he belongs are the Suft'olk Bar .Association, the Royal -Arcanum, the Medford No License League, 1 88 .MEN OF PROGRESS. the Medford Club, the Medford Comedy Club. He is also a secretary of the Harvard Law School, class of 1885 ; and is a member of the class corn- ton, Conn., in 1693, and was the progenitor of nearly all of the name in the United States. He was educated in the public schools of Canaan, and in the academies at Thetford, Vt., and Salis- bury, N.H., while a student at the latter teaching school during the winter months. At the age of twenty he came to Boston, and was engaged for ten years in the hardware business, first as ap- prentice with Alexander H. Twombly & Co., sub- sequently as partner in the firm of Scudder, Park, & Co., and later as agent of the Canton Hard- ware Manufacturing Company. Then in 1841 entering into partnership with Joseph Nason, under the firm name of Walworth & Nason, he organized the business of wanning and ventilating buildings by means of steam and hot water appa- ratus, upon methods not before in use, thus first introducing the system now almost universally adopted. The business was started in New York, and a plant established in Boston a year later ; and, under Mr. Walworth's personal direction, the new system was applied to numerous cotton and woollen manufactories and other large buildings in all the New England States several years be- WILLIAM GUSHING WAIT. mittee of his college class (1882 ). In 1S82 he was at Newport, R.I., in the office of Colonel George E. Waring, engaged upon the Social Statistics of Cities for the Tenth United States Census, and contributed numerous sketches of places to the work. He is the author of several articles on law topics published in the .American and English P^ncyclopa-dia of Law, on Statute of Frauds, Jet- tison, Marine Insurance, Representations as to Character. Mr. Wait was married January i, 1889, to Miss Edith Foote \\'right, daughter of John S. and Mary Clark (Green) Wright of Med- ford, and granddaughter of Klizur Wright and the Rev. Beriah Green, two of the anti-slavery leaders. 'J'hey have no children. WALWORTH, Jamks Jones, founder of the modern system of steam heating, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Canaan, November 18, 1808, son of George and Philura (Jones) Wal- worth ; but his business career was begun in Boston. His father was a descendant in the fore any other concern entered the field. The sixth generation from William Walworth who firm also introduced into this country the steam came from England to Fisher's Island and Gro- "fan-blower" system of ventilating, first applying J. J. WALWORTH. MEN OF PROGRESS. 1S9 it in 1846 in ihc Hoslon customhouse. As an engineer, in the practice of steam heating and ventilating, Mr. Walworth has designed and con- structed many important works in hospitals, theatres, and public buildings in several of the States. In the year 1852 the firm of Walworth & Nason was dissolved, Mr. Nason assuming the business in New York and Mr. Walworth continu- ing in Boston in his own name. At a later pe- riod he associated with himself as partners Mar- shall S. Scudder and his brother C". Clark A\'al- worth, making the firm name James J. Walworth & Co., under which the business was conducted for nearly twenty years. In 1872 the corporation of the "Walworth Manufacturing Company" was organized, with Mr. Walworth as president and manager of the business department. He con- tinued at the head of the great establishment till 189 1, when he declined a Te-election as president, and has since partially withdrawn from active duties. During his conduct of the business the plant established in the early forties in a small building in Devonshire Street had grown to ex- tensive manufacturing works, employing upwards of eight hundred men, its products finding a market in all parts of the Ignited States and in several South American and European countries. Among other interests with which he has been connected are the Malleable Iron Fittings Com- pany at Bradford, Conn., of which he has been president for twenty-eight years, the Wanalancet Iron and Tube Compan}-, the Massachusetts Steam Heating Company, the Union Flax Mills Company, and the Consolidated Gas Company, president of each. In 1870 and 187 1 he repre- sented the city of Newton in the lower house of the Legislature. He was one of the founders of the Lasell Female Seminary at Auburndale, has served as president of the Educational Society of Auburndale, and been prominent in numerous other societies, literary, charitable, and philan- thropic. Mr. Walworth was first married in 1837 to Miss Elizabeth C. Nason, daughter of Leavitt Nason, and sister of Joseph Nason, his early partner. They had one son : Arthur Clarence Walworth. He married secondly, in 1888, Mrs. Lydia Sawyer, widow of Stephen L. Sawyer, a former partner of his. They have no children. ton, is a native of New York, born in New York City, December ig, 1846, son of John and Ann Warnock. He was educated in the public schools, and began business life in 1857. During the Civil War he served in the United States Navy. He became interested in fraternal societies when a youth, at the age of eighteen joining the Sons of Temperance and the Good Templars, and at twenty-one entering the Masonic order. His as- sociation with the American Legion of Honor dates from 1879, when he became a member of the Stella Council of Krooklvn, N.V., and at once ^ ^^^^^k w^^^^^ WARNOCK, An.\M, supreme secretary of the American Legion of Honor, headquarters in Bos- ADAM WARNOCK. took an active part in the development of the organization. In 1880 he organized Independent Council in New York City. Upon the organiza- tion of the Grand Council in New York, he was elected supreme representative ; and at the ses- sion of 1882 he was elected to the supreme secre- taryship, which position he has held continuously since, making his headquarters in Boston and de- voting his entire time to the duties of his office. During his administration the society erected its main building, No. 200 Huntington Avenue, Back Bay, Boston (first occupied in 1892), and estab- lished branches in, every State a'nd Territory in the Union. Mr. Warnock has also held positions of prominence and trust in numerous other organiza- igo MEN OF PROGRESS. tions. He was for a luiniber of years representa- tive from the State of New York to the Supreme Lodge Knights of Honor, president of the Knights of Honor \eteran Association, president of the National Fraternal Congress, and grand secretary of the Royal Arcanum of New York State. In the Masonic order he was long a member of the Atlas Lodge of New York City, and is now a member of the Columbian Lodge of Boston. He is also a member of the Corinthian Royal .Vrch Chapter, and Ivanhoe Commandery Knights Templars, New York ; of the Commonwealth Lodge, Odd Fellows, Boston ; of Howard Lodge, Knights of Pythias, New York; of the Yononto Tribe, Improved Order of Red Men, Boston (a charter member) ; of the Knights and Ladies of Honor; and of the United Workmen, Pilgrim Fathers, Home Circle, and Equitable Aid Union. He was an early member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and is now comrade of Post 30, Department of Massachusetts. His association with clubs is confined to the Union Boat and Athletic clubs of Boston, to which he has belonged during the greater part of his residence in Massa- chusetts, being much interested in athletic sports, a good oarsman, and a fine amateur tennis-player. Mr. Warnock was married in May, 1872, to Miss Elizabeth Atkinson. They have five children. His home is in Cambridge. of Reading, Penna., and then began his profes- sional studies, entering the Yale Law School in 1882. Here he received his degree of LL.B. WHIPPLE, Sherman Leland, of Boston, lawyer, member of the bar in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Connecticut, and admitted in the United States courts, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in New London, March 4, 1862, son of Dr. Solomon M. and Henrietta Kimball (Her- sey) Whipple. His father was a leading physician, a man of scholarly attainments. His ancestry is traced on the paternal side from Matthew Whipple, who settled in Ipswich, Mass., in 1635, and on the maternal side from the Herseys of Hingham and the Sheafes of Portsmouth, N.H. He was educated in the district school, the Colby Academy of New London, and at Yale, graduat- ing in 1881. .At the academy he entered upon the regular college preparatory course w'hen a lad of eleven ; and he graduated from college at the age of nineteen and three months, the youngest member of his diss. For a year, beginning in the autumn following his graduation, he taught mathematics and Latin in tiie Hoys" High School SHERMAN L. WHIPPLE. in 1884, and on Commencement day was one of the Townsend orators. In the autumn of 1884 he was admitted to the New Hampshire bar, and, after a brief stay in the office of Train & Teele in Boston, began professional work associated with Judge David Cross at Manchester, N.H. While a student in the law school, he taught for two terms special branches in the old Colby Academy, where he had been a pupil. Returning to Boston in May, 1886, he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and immediately began practice here, taking a desk in Messrs. Train & Teele's office. In the autumn of 1887 he moved into his present offices at No. 5 Tremont Street. He has built up a large jury and equity practice witliin a few years, and has handled especially insolvency cases involving large sums. In iSgi he was appointed receiver of the Mutual one-year Benefit Association. He is a trustee of the County Savings Bank of Chel- sea, and a director of the lona Manufacturing Company. In politics he is a Democrat, of the progressive wing of his party : but he has never held office or taken an active part in political work, devoting himself entirely to the practice of MEN OF PROGRESS. 191 his profession. He is a member of the Historic Cienealogical Society, of the University and Whist clubs of Boston, of the Country Club, of the I.ongwood and the Longwood Cricket clubs, and the Tiuirsday Club of Brookline. He also belongs t(i the First Corps of Cadets. In 1892 he was elected a trustee of Colby Academy. He was married December 27, 1893, to Miss Louise Clough, daughter of Judge L. B. Clough, of Man- chester, N.H. He resides in Brookline, occupy- ing the estate of the late George M. Towle, which he ]3urc]insed in the autumn of 1893. W'lLLl.VMS, Henry Webb, member of the Massachusetts and United .States bars and solici- tor of patents, was born in Taunton, June 6, 1847, son of Benjamin Webb Williams (son of Rev. Na- thaniel W. Williams and Priscilla Webb Will- iams) and Clarissa W. (Reed) ^\'illiams (daughter of Hodges Reed). His paternal ancestors are of the Roger Williams stock on the grandfather's side, and the Webb family of Salem on the grand- mother's side ; and his maternal ancestry is of the Reed family of Bristol County, said to be de- scendants of the Huguenots. When he was at the age of about four 3'ears, his father and mother re- moved to Boston ; and he has resided in Boston and its suburbs ever since that time. He was educated in Boston public schools, graduating from the Dwight Grammar School under Master Page, and tiien entering the Boston Latin School. As a scjiolar, he was quick and intelligent ; and it was the intention of his parents to send him to Har- \ard ( 'ollege. Much against their desires, how- ever, he left the Latin School before graduation, and determined to earn his own livelihood. At the age of about seventeen, therefore, he entered a large wholesale dry- goods establishment to "learn the trade," at the salary of seventy-tive dollars a year. He remained there a little over a year, and then connected himself with a pub- lishing house, where his salary quickly rose from $3 50 a year to $8 00, and was, at the age of twenty, sent out "on the road" as a drummer. He made an extensive trip through the Middle States and the West, and succeeded in taking the largest amount of orders in the history of the house. Upon his return he found that he was in the future e.xpected to travel six months in the year, and seriously considered whether he desired to devote himself to such an occupation or not. On concluding that the life of a "drummer'' was not to his taste, he accepted a position in another publishing house where "drumming on the road " was not expected of him. Seeing no prospect of increasing remuneration here, he entered, at the age of twenty-one, into a copartnership with iiis father, who was then engaged in promoting some business schemes founded on patents for inven- tions, his own part of the business relating more particularly to the securing of letters patents from the Patent Office. This was in January, 1869. He studied the law and practice relating to pat- ents with great interest, and in January, 1870, separated from his father, and devoted himself exclusively to patent practice. Feeling the need of a thorough legal education, he afterw-ard en- gaged a tutor, and without giving up his regular business, by dint of hard night work and much perseverance, prepared himself for admission to the bar, and was admitted successively to the Massachusetts and United States bars. Mr. Will- iams's specialty has always been patent practice, although corporation practice has naturally fol- lowed, as his clients have numbered man)' manu- HENRY W. WILLIAMS. facturing corporations whose business is based largely on patent property. His practice, accord- ingly, is largely an office practice, except so far igi MEN OK PROGRESS. as it takes him to the I'atL'iU Office and into the United States courts, 'i'lic l)ulk of it lias always been in the Patent Office, and it is an interesting fact that he has made the trip from Boston to Washington for the purpose of arguing difficult and contested cases in the Patent Office some two hundred and fifty times. He has now (1894) been in continuous practice in patent cases for more than a quarter of a century, and stands with the foremost of that portion of the bar making a specialty of patent office practice. He has been an indefatigable worker, has paid much attention to promptness, and probably dislikes nothing more than to let his cases get ahead of him. He was never known to accept a retainer for a case which he did not believe was just, nor to encourage a client to believe more in the ultimate success of his cause than the facts seemed to warrant. In religious matters Mr. Williams was brought up in the strict Trinitarian Congregational belief ; but after the age of twenty-five or so his views be- came liberalized somewhat, although he has never formally renounced his allegiance to the ortho- dox church. He is a gentleman of quiet tastes, has never taken any active part in politics, and is inclined to be tenacious of his opinions, not, however without being able to defend them logically. Although not what is usually termed a club man, he is a member of one or two of tlie best clubs in Boston and Washington. He is a ready writer, and has a strong poetic vein, which he indulges only occasionally and very rarely in public print. Among his intimates he is known as possessing a keen wit and strong sense of humor. Mr. Williams was married at the age of twenty-two, and three children have been the product of the union, one only, a daughter, now living;. WINSHIP, ALiiKur Edward, lecturer and author, and editor of the Journal of Education, Boston, is a native of West Bridgewater, born February 24, 1845, son of Isaac and Drusilla (Lothrop) Winship. He is a descendant of Lieutenant Edward Winship, who came from England to Cambridge in 1634. After his pre- liminary education he prepared for teaching at the Bridgewater (Mass.) State Normal School and for the ministry at Andover Theological Semi- nary. The last year of the Civil War he was a private in the Sixtieth Massachusetts Regiment. His professional career began as principal of a rural school in Maine, from which he became prin- cipal of a grammar school in Newton, Mass., where he remained three years, going from there to the Normal School at Bridgewater where he was a teacher for four years. He was for nine years pastor of the Prospect Hill Church in Somerville, which he left for the secretaryship of the New- West Education Commission. His connection with the Journal of Education dates from 1885, since which time he has been both editor and publisher of tlie paper. In 1S90-91 he was also editor-in-chief of the Boston Dailx TrarJ/cr. He ^^ A. E. WINSHIP. is most widely known as a lecturer in the Red- path Lyceum Bureau, having lectured in all the States from Maine to California, going to the Pa- cific coast regularly every other year. His suc- cess in this field, and as a general platform cam- paign speaker, has been marked. At the same time he has achieved reputation as a many-sided writer. Among his publications in book form are " Methods and Principles," " Essentials of Ps)'- chology," and "The Shop." Mr. Winship is a member of many orders, clubs, and associations. In politics he is a Republican, a member of the executive committee of the Republican State Com- mittee. He was married August 24, 1872, to Miss Ella R. Parker, daughter of Stillman E. MEN OF I'ROGRESS. 193 and Lavinia I'arkcr, of Reading. Tliuy havx' six- children : George Parker, Editii A., Luella 1'., Kdna E., Lawrence L., and Mildred L. W'inship. Mr. W'inship has resided in Sonierville for up- wards of twenty years, where he is closely identi- fied with public affairs. \\()()1), Frank, printer, Boston, active in the Indian rights movement, is a native of Ireland, horn in Cavan, May 3, 1842, son of James and ])()r()thy ( Rountree) Wood. He is of Scotch and FRANK WOOD. English ancestry on both sides, descended from Scotch Presbyterians and Puritans who went to Ireland in the time of Cromwell. He came to lioston with his parents when he was four years old, and has lived here ever since. He was edu- cated in the Boston public schools. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to Fred Rogers, at that time one of the most skilful printers in the city, to learn the printer's trade, and served till his majority. Then he was foreman of the office for seven years, and at the age of twenty-eight entered business on his own account. For about four years he was a member of the firm of Batch- elder &: Wood, and since 1875 he has conducted his lariie establishment alone. His methods are in some respects unusual, and liave brought him gratifying success. He is not confined to any special branch of the printer's art, but engages in all kinds, — book, job, railroad, illustrated and col- ored work. He does a strictly cash business so far as buying is concerned, never having given a note in his life. He employs no solicitors, yet in twenty years he has not seen a dull week. Mr. Wood is also connected with several manufacturing and business corporations as president, treasurer, and director. He has long been actively inter- ested in public affairs, church affairs, reform move- ments ; and a working member of numerous or- ganizations for the advancement of philanthropic and benevolent undertakings. He has been con- nected with the Boston Indian Citizenship Associa- tion since its foundation, and has for some years been treasurer of the Lake Mohonk Indian Confer- ence which meets annually at Lake Mohonk, N.Y. He is treasurer also of the Delft Haven Memorial Committee ; is a trustee of the Northfield Semi- nary ; a trustee of the New England Conservatory of Music ; a director in a number of religious and charitable societies ; was president of the Old Boston Congregational Ckib in 1893 ; is a mem- ber of the Municipal League, of the Pilgrim Asso- ciation, and of the Boston Art Club. In poli- tics he is Republican, with Independent lean- ings. He was married November i, 1870, to Miss Annie M. Smith, of Boston. They have no children. Mr. Wood resides in the Dorchester District of Boston, where he is largely inter- ested in real estate. He possesses a fine library and a choice collection of paintings and rare engravings. WOODS, Solomon Adams, president of the S. A. Woods Machine Company, Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Farmington, October 7, 1827, son of Colonel Nathaniel and Hannah (Adams) Woods. He descends from Samuel Woods, an original landed proprietor of Groton, Mass., where the family long lived : and on the maternal side is in the sixth generation from Captain Samuel Adams, magistrate and repre- sentative of Chelmsford in the General Court in the first half-century of that town. His paternal grandfather was a pioneer in Farmington, and his father a leading townsman there. Solomon A. was reared on a good farm, and was educated in the district school and at the Farmington Acad- 194 MEN OF PROGRESS. emy. At the age of twenty he went to work with a local carpenter to learn the use of tools and the trade of house-building. Four years later he de- termined to build a mill in Farmington, and in partnership with his employer engage in the manufacture of doors, sashes, and blinds ; but, after a trip to Boston to purchase machinery for S. A. WOODS. this purpose, he concluded to establish himself in that city. Thereupon he entered the employ of Solomon S. Gray, door, sash, and blind manu- facturer, as a journeyman. Within the first year (185 1) of this connection he purchased Mr. Gray's plant, and engaged in the manufacture on his own account. This he continued until 1864. In the mean time, 1854, he formed a part- nership with Mr. Gray, under the firm name of Gray & Woods, for the manufacture and sale of a wood-planing machine of Mr. CJray's invention, but rendered more practical by iiis own inven- tions. This partnership held for five years, during which period additional improvements were patented. Thereafter the business was con- ducted under Mr. Woods's name alone until 1873, when the S. A. Woods Machine Company was organized, with Mr. Woods as president. In 1865 the business was considerably enlarged by the addition of the manufacture of the \\'oodbury planer, with the Woodbury patented improve- ments, of which Mr. Woods was the sole licensee; and extensive works were then erected in South Boston, and branch houses opened in New York and Chicago. Since the establishment of the firm of Gray & Woods, more than fifty patents for de- vices and improvements in machines for planing wood and making mouldings have been issued to the successive firms ; and they have received nearly a hundred gold, silver, and bronze medals awarded at industrial exhibitions. Mr. Woods has been a trustee of the South Boston Savings Bank since 1870, and for many years a member of its board of investment. He has served as a member of the Boston Common Council three terms (1869-70-71), and as a director of the East Boston ferries two years (1870-71). In 1878 a nomination to the Board of Aldermen on the Re- publican and " Citizens " tickets was urged upon him, but he declined to stand. He is a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Asso- ciation, of the Boston Art Club, and of St. Omer Commandery, Knights Templar. Mr. Woods w^as married in Boston, August 21, 1854, to Miss Sarah E. \\'eathern, of Vienna, Me. She died in 1862. He married secondly, in 1867, Miss Sarah C. Watts, of Boston. He has two sons and a daughter : Frank Forrest (now vice-president and general manager of the S. A. Woods Machine Company), Florence, and Frederick Adams Woods. PART III. AYERS, George David, member of the Suf- folk bar, was born in Boston, August 26, 1857, son of David and Martha Elizabeth (Huckins) Ayers. He was educated in the public schools of Maiden, including the High School, and at Har- CEORGE D. AYERS. vard, where he graduated in the class of 1879. He studied law in the Harvard Law School three years, graduating in 1882, and about six months (from October, 1882, to March, 1883) in the office of Gaston & Whitney, Boston ; and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in February, 1883. He began practice alone, but two years later formed an as- sociation with George Clarendon Hodges, and later on with Mr. Hodges and Stanton Day. He is now associated with John Storer Cobb. He is an ardent supporter of the principles laid down by the Nationalist party, and was one of the earliest members of the Nationalist Club of Boston, serv- ing as its president in 1889-90. He is, outside of his practice, mainly interested in the Theosophical movement, and has been prominent in several or- ganizations for its advancement, — the New Eng- land Theosophical Corporation, of which he has been president since November, 1893; the Mai- den Theosophical Society, its president from April, 1890, to October, 189 1 ; and the Boston Theosophical Society, its president from October, 1891 to January, 1894. He is now president again of the Maiden Theosophical Society. In politics Mr. Ayers is a Democrat, with " Mug- wump " tendencies. Theoretically, he is a free trader, who believes that it would have been better for the United States if it never had had a " protective " tariff, and yet recognizes that, as a practical matter, a free-trade basis should now be reached by gradual legislation. In Maiden he has taken an active interest in local affairs, but has repeatedly declined political preferment. He is a member of the Young Men"s Democratic Club of Massachusetts (on its executive committee in 1888-89), the Maiden Historical Society, and of the New England Historic Genealogical Society. He belongs to the Masonic order, and is a mem- ber of Converse Lodge of Maiden. He was married January 7, 1885, to Miss Charlotte Eliza- beth Carder, of Milford, Conn., daughter of the Rev. James Dixon Carder and Charlotte (Pond) Carder. BACON, Charles Newcomb, of Winchester and Arlington, manufacturer, is a native of Med- ford, born December 2, 1838, son of John Hudson and Sarah Ann (Tyrell) Bacon. On the paternal side he is of Cape Cod stock, his ancestors early settled in Barnstable ; and his maternal grand- father was of Georgia. He was educated in the public schools of Medford, and at Chauncy Hall, Boston, where he was a silver medal scholar. At the age of eighteen he entered the felting works 196 MEN OF PROGRESS. of his fatlicr in thiit part of Medford now Win- chester, originally established by his grandfather, Robert Bacon, in 1825, for the manufacture of hat bodies, wadding, and felting. He passed through every grade, becoming thoroughly familiar with all the details of the manufacture, and before many years was at the head of the works. He also early invented new processes, and subsequently improvements in the machinery, by which a greater variety and higher grade of goods were produced. When he was but nineteen, he brought out the first heavy fellings manufactured in the country. In 1876 he patented a solid felt buffer for burnishing wheels and for emery wheels, and in 1888, a wood-centred felt polishing wheel. Among his other inventions are blackboard and dry slate erasers, a felt saddle for horses, felt handles for bicycles, felt base balls, and numerous small articles of utility. In 1875 Mr. Bacon succeeded his father in the factory, and the firm name has since been Charles N. Bacon. The Boston office was for manv vears on the round corner of Union CHAS. N. BACON. and North Streets, a landmark, where Robert Bacon had his hat and cap store in the early twenties before he built his factory in the country ; and near by on North, then Ann, Street, near the present Oak Hall, Ivdward n. 'rvrell. the father of Mr. Bacon's mother, was at the same time estab- lished in the shoe and leather business. The office is now on Federal Street. Mr. Bacon is a member of the Charitable Mechanic Association, as was his father, and also his father's father, the latter a life member, joining the association in 1824, and serving some time on its board of gov- ernment. He was married in Winchester, Octo- ber 10, i860, to Miss Florence Louise Holbrook, daughter of Ridgeway E. Holbrook, of Dorchester, and grand-daughter of Samuel B. Doane, of Boston, through whom she is connected with the Shaws, Wadsworths, Cunninghams, and other old Boston families. They have had seven children : Flor- ence Allena, born March 12, 1862 (now Mrs. Edward W. Hall); Lillian Louise, born January 14, 1864 (now Mrs. Frederick S. Smith) ; Charles Francis, born August 12, 1866 ; Louis Alfred, born July 27, 1868 ; Cyrus Clark, born September 23, 1870, died July 26, 187 i ; Robert, born March 31, 1873 ; and Mabel Grace Bacon. The sons, Charles Francis and Louis .\., are engaged in the factory at Winchester. Robert graduated from Harvard College in 1894. Mr. Bacon resides in Arlington. BAILEV, DunLEV Perkins, of Everett, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in Cornville, October 24, 1843, son of the Rev. I )udley 1'. and Hannah B. (Cushman ) Bailey. ( )n the paternal side he is descended from John .Mden, and on the maternal side from Robert Cushman, who came out in the " Fortune," in 162 1. He was educated in the district school, the Monson (Me.) Academy, and at Waterville College, now Colby University, in the class of 1867. He left college at the end of the junior year, but subsequently (in 1877) received his de- gree in course as a member of his class. For a year before entering college he taught school in St. Albans, Me. He studied law in Portland, Me., in the office of the Hon. William L. I^utnam, now Justice Putnam of tlie United States Circuit Court, and on April 28, 1870, was admitted to the bar. Two years later he removed to Massachu- setts, and has practised here since with offices in Boston, and in Everett, where he has resided. He has an extensive real estate, probate, and general practice, and is especially conversant with Everett real estate titles, which he has made a specialty. He has been identified with the de- velopment of Everett, and with its varied inter- MEN OF PROGRESS. '97 ests, being An earnest advocate of local improve- ments. He was a member of the School Committee for fourteen years, five years (1886- 91) its chairman : was one of the founders of the Everett Public IJbrarv, a director or trustee of DUDLEY P. BAILEY. that institution from its establishment in 1S78, .secretary of the board for fourteen years, and in 1892-93 its chairman; is a trustee of the Everett Savings Bank ; during the last six years of the existence of Everett as a town was twelve times elected moderator of its town meetings, pre- siding at the final meeting, November 10, 1892 ; in 1886 and 1887 represented the town in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, serving in that body on the committees on taxation (house chairman), in 1887 also on the committee on probate and insolvenc)', and instrumental in se- curing the legislation providing for the revision and codification of the laws for the collection of taxes ; was a member of the committee to frame the city charter, and in 1893 of the first Common Council of the city of Everett (incorporated June II, 1892); was re-elected a member of the Com- mon Council for 1894, and became its president. Since his college days Mr. Bailey has been a fre- quent contributor to various periodicals, and for many years was a special writer for the Banker s Magh'. Among his publications in pamphlet form are papers on "The Clearing-house Sys- tem," embracing much valuable statistical infor- mation, " An Historical Sketch of Banking in Massachusetts," "Austrian Paper Money in the Panic of 1873," and "The Credit In.stitutions of Italy." He is the author of the chapters relating to clearing houses in the work on •■ Practical Banking " by A. S. Bolles, and of the historical sketch of the Boston Clearing House for the " Commercial History of Boston." He prepared the sketches of the town of Everett in Drake's "History of Middlesex County" (1879), in Lewis's "History of Middlesex County" (1890), and in the illustrated history of Everett, known as the "Everett Souvenir" (1893). While at col- lege, he was especially interested in the study of political economy, and in 1886 won a prize offered by the American Free Trade League to under- graduates in American colleges for the best essay on free trade. He is prominent in the Baptist de- nomination, — a life member of the Massachusetts Baptist Convention, a director since 1887, mem- ber of the finance committee since 1889, made chairman in 1892, and attorney for the corpora- tion in i88g ; has been treasurer of the First Bap- tist Church of Everett upwards of fifteen years, and was one of the founders of the Glendale Bap- tist Church, Everett, in 1890. " He was the first president of the Pine Tree State Club of Everett, is a member of the American Statistical Society, and belongs to the Masonic order, a member of the l^alestine Lodge of Everett, and of the Royal Arch Chapter of the Tabernacle of Maiden. Mr. Bailev is unmarried. BANGS, Edward Api'Leton, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in W'atertown, June 27, i860, son of Edward and Anne Outram (Hodgkinson) Bangs. He is a descendant of Edward Bangs, who came from England to Plym- outh in the ship " Ann " in 1623, and on the maternal side of Governor Thomas Hinckley of the Plymouth Colony. He was educated in Bo.s- ton private schools (Miss Adams's school, some time on Brinnner Street, and George \\". C". Noble's school, then on Winter Street) and at Harvard College, graduating in the class of 1884. He read law in the office of Bangs & Wells (composed of his father and Samuel Wells, son of ex-Gov- ernor Samuel Wells of ^L^ine), and was admitted igS MEN OF PROGRESS. to the Suffolk bar in January, 1887. Ik- has practised since that date in connection with the firm of Bangs & Wells, a member of the firm since ration of the old family traditions, and the re- peated recital of the achievements of a long line of noted ancestors. He read law in the offices of G. C. Bartlett, of Derry, N.H., and of Moody & Bartlett, of Haverhill, and was admitted to the bar in September, 1882. He has practised in Haverhill ever since. He began practice at a time when the field there seemed to be fully oc- cupied : but by his zeal and talent he has built up a lucrative business by the side of men older in the profession. In 1890 and 189 1 he was a member of the Haverhill City Council, and in 1893 represented his city in the State legislature, where he served on the committees on roads and bridges and on election laws. In politics always a Republican, he has for a number of years been an active worker for his party. For about a dozen years he has served as a member of the Republican city committee of Haverhill, its secre- tary for two years. He has been a frequent dele- gate to State and county conventions, and in 1892 was an alternate delegate to the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis. He is a member of the Wachusett Club of Haverhill, and E. A. BANGS. the first of January, 1893, devoting himself largely to the care of property of others. He is a mem- ber of the Puritan Club of Boston, of the Eastern. Massachusetts, and Beverly Yacht clubs, and of the Nuttall Ornithological Club of Cambridge. In politics he is a Democrat. He is unmarried. BARTLETT, Nath.\niel Cillev, of Haver- hill, member of the bar, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in Nottingham, June 22, 1858, son of Thomas Bradbury and Victoria E. W. (Cilley) Bartlett. He is a grandson of the late Hon. Joseph Cilley, United States senator and officer in the war of 18 12, also a descendant of Gen- eral Joseph Cilley, an officer in the war of the Revolution ; grandson of the late Judge Brad- bury Bartlett of the New Hampshire courts, and great-grandson of General Thomas Bartlett, an officer in the Revolution and an eminent civil- ian. His early education was acquired in the primary, grammar, and high schools of Haverhill; and he was graduated from Harvard in the class of 1880. During school life his vacations were spent on a New Hampshire farm under the inspi- NATHANIEL C. BARTLETT. is connected with numerous secret orders : mem- ber of the Odd Fellows, past chancellor of Pales- tine Lodge, Knights of Pythias, past sachem of MEN OF PROGRESS. 199 I'assaquoi Tribe ut llie Improved Order of Red Men, past chief of Winnikenni Castle of tiie KniglUs of the (iolden Eagle, and member of the Haverhill Lodge of the Benevolent and Protec- tive Order of Elks. While a law student at Derry, N.H., he founded the Derry A^nos, a weekly paper still flourishing, and successfully conducted it for a year. Of late years he has given some atten- tion to real estate in Haverhill as an investment. Mr. Bartlett is unmarried. JBEAL, Colonel Melvin, of Lawrence, chief engineer of the fire department, was born in Maine, in the town of Guilford, October 31, 1832, son of Samuel and Esther (Herring) Heal. He is of early New England ancestry. He was educated in the common schools of his native town. When he was thirteen years old, his father died, and he was obliged early to get to work. Until he reached eighteen, he worked on a farm. Then he went to Pelham, N.H., and learned carding and spinning in a woollen mill. Two years later, in 1852, he came to Lawrence, and was employed in the Bay State Mills as a jack-spinner. He was soon promoted to second hand in the same department, which place he held till 1857, when the mills closed, and he was thrown out of employment. Then he took up the trade of a painter, and followed this till 1861, when, upon the Presi- dent's call for troops, he went to Washington with the famous Sixth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, — the regiment which was attacked in Baltimore. He had enlisted as a private of Company F of this regiment in 1853, and at the time of the call was second lieutenant of his company. In May he was chosen captain of the company. At the close of this service, covering one hundred days, he returned to Lawrence, and was put in charge of the painting department of the Atlantic Mills. In May, 1862, he was made lieutenant colonel of the Sixth Regiment, and in September following re-entered the United States service for nine months. At the expiration of this term he came home, and returned to his old occupation; but very soon after, in August, 1863, he was again in the army, this time for one hundred days. This service completed, he came back as before, and resumed his regular work. Subsequently he was in the Pennsylvania oil region for a while as superintendent of oil wells. In June, 1866, he was appointed a member of the Massachusetts Stale c(jnslabuhiry force, and in this capacity served till March, 1875, ^vhen the law was repealed. Then he worked two years for the Boston & Lowell Railroad, and for the next nine years was again in ciiarge of the painting MELVIN BEAL. department of the Atlantic Cotton Mills. On May I, 1875, he was first made chief engineer of the fire department, and served till 1877. He became permanent chief on June 22, 1891, appointed for the term of three years ; and at its close, in 1894, he was reappointed for another three years. His service in the department has covered thirty-seven years, and he has held nearly every position from hoseman to chief. He has been foreman of three different companies. Colonel Beal has also served in the municipal government, — a member of the Common Council for 1866, — and has represented Lawrence in the Legislature, a member of the lower house in 1878. His military service was continued for nearly twenty years after the close of the war. He was elected colonel of the Sixth in June, 1866, and held a colonel's commission in the same regiment until January, 1882. He is a member of the Gre- cian Lodge of Masons, Royal Arch Chapter, Law- rence Council, and of Bethany Commandery, Knights Templar. He is also president of the Lawrence Mutual Relief Association of Masons; 200 iMEN OF PROGRESS. prcsiclunt of tin- Mutu.il Relief Association of tlic Lawrence Fire Department; vice-commander of Star Council, American Legion of Honor; member of the Tnited Order of American Mechanics; and member of the Lawrence RiHe Club. In politics he is a Republican. He was married November 9, 1853. to Miss Emily M. Goodhue of Salem, X.ll. They have had two children : Emeretta A. (deceased) and Forrest V,. Beal. J. C. BENNETT. JilvWETT, JosiAH Chase, of Lynn, shoe man- ufacturer, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Sandwich, May 6, 1835, ^o" o^ Simon and Mary Fogg (Chase) Bennett. He comes of an early Lynn family, members of which moved to New Hampshire at an early period. It is believed that he is a descendant of Samuel Bennett, who came to Lynn in 1636, was a substantial and pub- lic-spirited citizen, and a member of the Ancient and Honorable .Artillery Company. His great- grandfather, Stephen llennett, served as drum- major throughout the Revolutionary War. On the maternal side he is of the New Hampshire Chase family, of which were two bishops of the Episcopal church. Philander Chase, bishop of Ohio, and Carlton Chase, bishop of New Hamp- shire, who discharged the episcopal duties of the diocese of New York after the fall of Bishop On- derdonk, and Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase. His parents were poor, and when yet a boy he was thrown upon his own resources for support. .\t the age of si.xteen he left the farm, and, coming to Massachusetts, went to work at a shoemaker's bench in Danvers. From Danvers he made his way to Boston, where he engaged in the manufact- ure of silk hats. This business and that of pho- tography occupied him till 1S65. when he became connected with the American Shoe Tip Company of Boston. This connection continued about five years, during which period he travelled in difTer- ent parts of the country, making wide acquaint- ance with the shoe trade. Largely by his efforts the business of the company, which was in an embarrassed condition when he entered it, was brought to a prosperous stage. In 1870 he took Lip his residence permanently in Lynn, having for some years made it his summer home, and form- ing a partnership with George F. Barnard, under the firm name of J. C. Bennett & Co., began the manufacture of shoes of the first grade. Two years later the business was moved to a new building in Central Square, where it was contin- ued under the firm name of J. C. Bennett &: Bar- nard till the disastrous fire of November, 1889, when this structure, with many others, was burned to the ground. He continued in the shoe busi- ness for some time after under the firm name of ]. C. Bennett. At the present time (1894), how- ever, he is not manufacturing but is confining himself more particularly to his real estate. He was a member of the State Senate for one term (1884-85), giving his salary for this service to the Lynn Hospital. In politics he is a Republi- can, and in religion an Episcopalian, parish ves- tryman of St. Stephen's Church, Lynn. Mr. Bennett was married in February, 1865, to Miss Nancy Louisa Richardson, of Rochester, N.H. BLANC HARD, Samuel Stillman, of Boston, merchant and manufacturer, is a native of Cam- bridge, born June 23, 1835, son of Simon Tenney and Roxanna (Armsby) Blanchard. He is of Huguenot ancestry ; and his grandfather Samuel Blanchard's farm was at O.xford, Mass., near the Huguenot settlement of two hundred years ago. Thomas Blanchard, the inventor of the eccentric lathe applied to gun-stocks, gun-barrels, lasts, etc., was his father's brother. He was educated MEN OF PROGRESS. 20I in the public schools of Boston, notably the May- hew and Phillips schools. His training for busi- ness life was as a merchant's clerk ; and he early became a partner in the boot and shoe manufact- uring firm of Chase, Merritt, & Blanchard. Dur- ing the year 1882 he opened a wheat farm at Blanchard, No. Dak., a town named for him by the Great Northern Railroad, situated in the Red River valley, the great wheat belt of the North- west. Among his other interests is the Mercan- S. S. BLANCHARD. tile Loan and Trust Company of Boston, of which he is a director. He has served in both branches of the Massachusetts Legislature, a member of the House in 1S91 and 1892, and a senator in 1S94. For these three terms he was a member of the committee on public charitable institutions. House chairman of the committee in 1892, for which he was exceptionally fitted by experience in the administration of charities, having been for some years a director of the PJoston Industrial Home and auditor of the Children's Friend Soci- ety. In 1894, his first term in the Senate, he was also chairman of the famous and important joint special committee on transit, and chairman of the committee on State House. He formulated and reported the State House Park bill, providing for the taking of land on the east side of the State House ; was the author of the bill regulating the height of buildings, making the extreme height one hundred and twenty-five feet, which has been adopted by many other cities in the country; and in the beginning he had much to do with the new State Medfield Asylum for Chronic Insane, and received the thanks of Governor Russell for his useful work in connection therewith. He also had charge of the bill to prevent " baby farming," conferring upon the State Board of Lunacy and Charity the sole authority to grant licenses to board infants, and was instrumental in securing the passage of this important measure. He is a life member of the \eteran organization of the First Corps of Cadets, believing firmly in the citi- zen soldiery, and as an active member of the corps served under Governor Andrew, during the busy days of the Civil ^^'ar, in the so-called gov- ernor's body-guard. Other organizations to which he belongs are the Bostonian Society (a life mem- ber), the Mercantile Library Association (a trustee and ex-president), the Old Boston School Boys' Association, the Columbian Lodge, the Massachu- setts Republican Club, the Massachusetts Club, and the Middlesex Club. Mr. Blanchard was married New Year's Eve, 1863, to Miss Susie E. Crockett, daughter of the late Colonel Seldon Crockett, of the old Bromfield House. Boston. They have had three children: one son, Judson, who died in 1S73 ; one daughter, Grace, died in 1868; and a second daughter, Mabel Blanchard, now living. BOGAN, Colonel Frederick Benedict, superintendent of public buildings, Boston, is a native of Boston, born February 10, 185 1, son of Frederick and Anne (De Voy) Bogan. He was educated in the public schools, graduating from the old W'inthrop School in Charlestown. After leaving school, he entered the employ of Miller Brothers, general builders, where he remained, serving the greater part of the time as foreman, till 1878, when he entered the city architect's office. During his service here he superintended the construction of several school-houses, the hos- pital on Long Island, the pumping station at Chestnut Hill Reservoir, the gate-house at Fisher Hill, and other structures. In 1885 he became assistant superintendent of public buildings, and in 1894 was promoted to the head of the depart- ment as superintendent by appointment of Mayor Matthews. His military career began in 1868 202 MEN OF PROGRESS. with his enlistment, on July 7, in Company D, Fifth Infantry, as a private. He was commis- sioned second lieutenant on the 30th of March, FRED. B. BOGAN. 187 1, and captain on the 4th of March, 1872. Ten years later, on January 19, 1882, he was com- missioned major in the Ninth Regiment, which position he held till his appointment on the staff of Governor Russell, in January, 1892, as an assistant inspector-general with the rank of colo- nel. After a service on the staff for about two years he resigned upon the death of Colonel Strachan to accept the colonelcy of his old regi- ment. During the reconstruction period in the militia Colonel Bogan, as senior captain in the Fifth Infantry, was for a time in command of that regiment. Later he was on two different oc- casions elected major of the regiment, but de- clined to accept ; and he was twice elected major of the Ninth before he accepted that commission. During his long and faithful service he has been recognized as an excellent tactician, and held in high esteem by his brother officers. He has fre- quently officiated as chief marshal of large pro- cessions in Boston, and for several years has been selected to act as judge at the competitive drills of the school regiment and of military organiza- tions in Massachusetts and other States. He is an active member of the Irish Charitable Society, of the Montgomery Light Guards Veteran Asso- ciation, of the Franklin Literary Association. Colonel Bogan was married May 7, 1878, to Miss M. E. Carney. They have two sons : Charles F. and Frederick L. Bogan. BRIDGHAM, Robert Choate, of Boston, manager for the Union Mutual Life Insurance Company of Portland, Me., was born in Dor- chester, December 4, 1850, son of Prescott C. and Lucy A. (Foster) Bridgham. The family re- moved two years later to Newton, where they still reside. He was educated in the public schools, the Mayhew Grammar of Boston, and the Newton Grammar and High Schools, finish- ing in Allen's Classical and English High School of West Newton. He then started in business, at the age of seventeen, as a boy with Ewing, Wise, lV Fuller, of Boston, importers of linens and white goods. The following year he took a position in the Boston office of the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, under Henry H. Hyde, ROBT. C. BRIDGHAM. general agent, subsequently of Hyde & Smith (Amos D. Smith, 3d, of Providence, R.I.). He remained here till 1872, when, owing to the ill- MEN OF PROGRESS. 203 health of his father, he resigned his position to be- come a member of the firm of Hridgham, Jones & C"o., jobbers of foreign and domestic woollens. Soon afterward, upon the death of Mr. Jones, the name was changed to ]5ridgham & Co., the firm composed of his father and himself. This asso- ciation continued till 1882. For the succeeding three years he was a partner in the firm of Hurt, Bridgham, & Snow, of Providence, R. I., impor- ters of woollens. In 1885, this partnership having been dissolved, he returned to the firm of Bridg- ham & Co., remaining four years. From i88g to 1 89 1 he represented the firm of Hitchcock, Biggs, & Willett, of London, England, woollen ware- housemen; and in March, T891, he accepted the position of manager for the Eastern Massachusetts department of the Union Mutual Life Lisurance Company of Portland, Me., with offices at No. 4 Post-office Square, Boston, which position he still holds. He is a member of Dalhousie Lodge of Freemasons, of Newton Royal Arch Chapter and Gethsemane Commandery, Knights Templar; a member of Newton Lodge No. 92, Order of Odd Fellows, and present regent of Mount Ida Coun- cil No. 1247, Royal Arcanum, of Newtonville. He is also a member of the Boston Life Under- writers' Association, of the New England Com- mercial Travellers' Association, and of the Massa- chusetts Poultry Association. He has been prominent for many years in the social and politi- cal life of Newton. As an active member of the Newton Club (serving for three years on the ex- ecutive committee), he has been a leading factor in connection with the success of this organiza- tion ; and his genial disposition and integrity have won for him a large circle of friends. He has taken an active part in the organization and suc- cess of the Republican party in his section, serv- ing as chairman of the e-xecutive committee of the Republican Club of Ward 2, and for several years a member of the Republican ward and city com- mittee of Newton. He is a member also of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. Mr. Bridg- ham was married January 18, 1872, to Miss Ade- laide Luella Swallow, of Boston, by the Rev. Henry M. Parsons, of Union Church, Columbus Avenue. BRO\\'NE, Andrew Jackson, of Boston, first assistant assessor, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Brentwood, March 25, 183 1, son of Colonel Josiah and Anna (Tuck) Browne. His mother was a daughter of Deacon Edward Tuck, of Brentwood, long identified with the inter- ests of the town. He was educated in the public A. J. BROWNE. schools, and at the age of eighteen came to Boston to begin business life. For fourteen years, from 1854 to 1868, he was engaged in the hack and boarding stable business ; and since 1870 he has been in the real estate business, handling city and suburban property. He has occupied the posi- tion of first assistant assessor since 187 1, with the exception of the year 1885. He has served two terms in the lower house of the Legislature (1882- 83) as a representative from the Roxbury District, where he has resided since 1849, when he started in business. He is a member of the Knights of Honor and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Browne was married in February, 1855, to Miss Miranda J. Shaw, daughter of Abram and Fannie Shaw, of Kensington, N.H. BURNHAM, Albert Stanwood, of Revere, superintendent of the Revere Water Company, was born in East Boston, September 25, 1850, son of Andrew and Anna B. (Duncan) Burnham. He is of American ancestry on the paternal side, from 204 MEN OF PROGRESS. about 1700, and Scotch on the maternal side. The family moved to Revere in 1853, where his father was long active and influential in town affairs, for many years a selectinan, moderator of town meetings, and prominent in the work of es- tablishing the water service which the town now enjoys. He was educated in the public schools of Revere, which he attended until he reached the age of seventeen years. Then he learned the house carpenter's trade, and followed this occupa- tion till 1874, when he engaged in the retail drug business on liroadwav. In 1882 he became one ALBERT S. BURNHAM. of the incorporators of the Revere Water Com- pany, and entered its employ in 1S84 as superin- tendent and registrar, and clerk of the corporation, which positions he still holds. The system which he directs is now about forty-five miles in length, and supplies the towns of Revere and Winthrop. Following in the footsteps of his father, he has held the principal executive positions in the town government, — auditor from 1S78 to 1887; col- lector of ta.xes in 1881 ; member of the board of health, 1881; selectman, chairman of the board and clerk, 1889, 1890, 1891, 1892; trustee of the Public Library, 1884, 1885, 1886; member of the School Committee, chairman and clerk, 1886, 1887, 1888; justice of the peace, 1884 to 1891 ; and bail commissioner from 188 1 to the present time. Like his father, also, he has been fre- quently moderator of the annual town meetings, and of very many special meetings. In 1884 and 1885 he represented the Twenty-sixth Suffolk Dis- trict in the lower branch of the Legislature ; and in 1893 and 1894 he was a member of the Senate from the First Suffolk Senatorial District, which district embraces Ward One, East Boston (his birthplace), the city of Chelsea, and the towns of Revere and Winthrop. In the House of 1884 he was a member of the committee on federal re- lations; and in 1885 house chairman of the com- mittee on library, and member of the committee on water supply. In the Senate of 1893 he was chairman of the committee on drainage, and was also on the committees on insurance and labor; and in 1894 chairman of the committee on manu- factures, and on the committees on drainage and on constitutional amendments. He advocated and voted for municipal suft'rage for women, and for the so-called " Norwegian system " of selling into.xicating liquors. In the matter of the "Meigs Elevated Railway Bill," before the Legislature of 1894, he secured amendments to the measure, providing for a route to Revere, with a terminus at or near the proposed " Metropolitan Park" in the Crescent Beach District, and an im- portant provision requiring the payment by the railroad corporation of an annual franchise tax on its gross earnings, the same to be divided be- tween the cities and towns wherein its tracks may be laid. This legislation is in the nature of an inno\ation in respect to Massachusetts railroads. He also successfully opposed the repeal of the present law compelling cities and towns to pur- chase existing " gas or electric light plants " be- fore engaging in the business of "municipal or commercial lighting." He was the first resident of the town of North Chelsea (now Revere) ever honored by an election to the Senate, and he was the youngest member of the Senate of 1893 and 1894. In his legislative service he has earned a reputation for conservatism and a strict loyalty to the Republican party, to which he has been at- tached from youth up, always giving unswerving support to its platforms and candidates. He has been prominent in the party organization for a long period, and has held the position of chair- man of the Republican town committee of Revere for eighteen years. He was also on the State committee in 1891. He is a member of the New MEN OF PROGRESS. 205 England Water Works Association, of the Massa- chusetts Republican Club, of tiie United Order of the Golden Cross, and of the New England Order of Protection. He was married April 29, 1874, to Miss Eudora M. Phelps. They have five chil- dren : Clara Estelle (aged eighteen years), Flor- ence Edwina (twelve years), Helen Louise (nine years), Marion Augusta (^six years), and Dora P.in'nham (born in 1894). CAPEN, Samuel Billings, of Boston, mer- chant, is a native of Boston, born December 12, 1842, son of Samuel Childs and Ann (Billings) Capen. He is in the eighth generation from Ber- nard and Jane Capen, the progenitors of all the Capens in New England, who came to Dorchester in the ship " Mary and John," May 30, 1630. The oldest gravestone in New England bears the name of Bernard Capen, died in 1638. He is in the eighth generation also from John Alden of the Plymouth Colony and of Roger Billings, who came to Dorchester in 1640. His grandfather, Samuel Capen, of Dorchester, served in seven campaigns in the war of the American Revolu- tion ; and his only brother, Joseph Henry Capen, was in the Forty-fourth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, Company F, in the war of the Re- bellion. He was educated in the old Quincy Grammar and the English High -Schools, both of Boston, graduating from the latter in 1858. After leaving school, he entered the carpet store of Wentworth & Bright, and in 1864 became a part- ner in the business, with which he has been con- nected ever since under the firm names succes- sively of William E. Bright & Co., William E. Bright & Capen, and Torrey, Bright, & Capen. He has been a director of the Howard National Bank for a number of years, and is at present vice-president of the institution. He has for many years been identified with the public school system of Boston, having as a member of the School Committee, during a long period (1889- 93), served on important committees, — chairman of the committees on school-houses, on manual training schools, on legislative matters, and on annual report, and member of that on accounts. The last year of his service, 1893, he was president of the board. He has also been prominent in va- rious reform movements, national and local, and in associations of the Congregational denomination. He has been a member of the Boston Indian Citizenship Committee for more than ten years, president of the Congregational Sunday School and Publishing Society since 1882, some time chairman of the finance committee of the Massa- chusetts Home Missionary Society, a director of the American Congregational Association, a mem- ber of the Pilgrim .Vssociation, of which he is now (1894) president, and of the Congregational Club, of which he was president in 1882. His most notable work of late years has been in connection with the establishment of the Boston Municipal League in 1893-94, an organization to advance SAMUEL B. CAPEN. municipal reform in various ways, having its be- ginnings in the Pilgrim Association, of which he was the chief promoter and is the present presi- dent. The objects of the league, as stated in its constitution, are " to keep before citizens the ne- cessity of their interest in public affairs, to discuss and shape public opinion upon all questions which relate to the proper government of the city, to separate municipal politics from State and na- tional politics, to secure the nomination and elec- tion of municipal officers solely on account of their fitness for the ofiice, to federate for these pur- poses the various moral forces of the city," repre- sented in the denominational and other clubs, and "to encourage every wise project for the pro- 206 MEN OF PROGRESS. motion of the good order, prosperity, and honor of Boston."' It is in line with movements in other cities in the interest of municipal reform, though differing from them in detail. Upon the occasion of his election as president at the per- manent organization in February, 1894, Mr. Capen delivered a practical address, which was printed as tract No. i in the Publications of the League. Two years before, in April, 1892, the project of the Municipal League was outlined in a more general manner in his address before the Congregaticmal Club, which also has been published in part under the title of " A Revival of C'lood (Mtizenship." Mr. Capen is second vice- president also of the National Municipal League organized in the spring of 1894, of which James C. Carter, of New York, is president. He is a member of the Sons of the Revolution. The de- gree of A.M. was given him by Dartmouth Col- lege in 1893. He was married December 8, 1869, to Miss Helen Maria Warren, daughter of the late Dr. John \V. Warren, of Boston. They have two children : Edward Warren and Mary Warren Capen. CHAMBERLAIN, Loved Ellis, of Brockton, justice of the Police Court, was born in Plympton, January 30, 1857, son of Robert M. and Eliza A. (Wright) Chamberlain. His paternal ancestors first settled in Hanson, and subsequently moved to Maine, where his father was born, in Auburn. His mother was a native of Plympton, and a de- scendant, through the Coopers and the Sampsons, from the Bradfords who came over in the " May- flower." His education was acquired in the com- mon and high schools of North Bridgewater, now Brockton, from which he graduated in 1875. He studied law in the ofiice of White & Sumner, Brockton, and in the Boston University Law School, graduating in 1879. \\'hile a student with White & Sumner, he also pursued general studies beyond the High School course for two years, and later took the Chautauqua four years' course. He was admitted to the bar in 1877, and began practice in 1881. From 1882 to Novem- ber, 1884, he was a member of the law firm of Packard & Chamberlain, after which he practised alone. He was appointed to the justiceship of the Police Court upon its establishment in 1885, and he has been city solicitor of Brockton since 1 89 1 through repeated elections. In politics he is a Republican, and performs fully the duties of the citizen, believing that politics are to be puri- fied at the caucus; but he has had no time to de- vote to public life. He is especially interested in municipal affairs and in movements for good government for cities and towns. He has been president of the Brockton High School Alumni L. E. CHAMBERLAIN. Association for several years, president of the Alpha Bicycle Club of Brockton since its organi- zation in 1892, some time president of the Young Men's Christian Association Congress, president of the Young Men's Republican Club for many years, and is secretary of the Plymouth County Club (a Republican and social organization). He is connected also with the Masons, the Odd Fel- lows, and the Good Templars. In the latter society he has represented Massachusetts at sessions in Toronto, Can., Saratoga, Richmond, and Fxlinburgh, Scotland (189 1); and he was treasurer for four years up to 1894. Judge Chamberlain was married August 26, 1890, to Miss Mina C. Miller, of Camden, Me. They have one child : Leslie C. Chamberlain (born July II, 1 891). CHOATE, Charles Francis, Jr., of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Cam- bridge, born October 23, 1866, youngest son of MEN OF PROGRESS. 207 Charles F. and Elizabeth W. (Carlisle) Choate. [For ancestry see Choate, Charles F.] His early education was obtained in private schools in Cam- bridge ; and in 1879 I't; went to St. Mark's School at Southborough, where he was fitted for college. Entering Harvard, he was graduated there in due CHAS. F. CHOATE, Jr. course in the class of 1888. After graduation he attended the Harvard Law School for two years, and in the spring of 1890 was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County. The following autumn he en- tered the office of Josiah H. Benton, Jr., and has since been there engaged in the practice of his profession. He is a member of the Union C'lub. He was married June 15, 1892, to Miss Louise Burnett, daughter of Joseph Burnett, of Boston. They have two children : Joseph ]?. and Charles F. Choate, 3d, twins, born May 3, 1893. CLIFFORD, Ch.\rles W.\rren, of New Bed- ford, member of the Bristol county bar, and iden- tified with numerous important interests, was born in New Bedford, August 19, 1844. He is the eldest son of John H. Clifford and Sarah Parker (Allen) Clifford, daughter of William Howland Allen. On the paternal side he is a direct de- scendant of Governor Mayhew, of Martha's Vine- yard, and, on the maternal side, of Captain Myles Standish, of Plymouth. His father was one of the foremost lawyers of Eastern Massachusetts, from 1840 to 1849 district attorney for the southern district of the State, attorney-general from 1849 ^o 1853 and 1854 to 1858, and governor of the Commonwealth in 1853. Charles Warren Clifford was fitted for college at T. Prentiss Allen's pri- vate school in New Bedford, — the old Friends' Academy, — entered Harvard at the age of seven- teen, and graduated with full honors in the class of 1865. His law studies, begun immediately after his graduation from the college, were pur- sued under the Hon. Edmund H. Bennett, of Taunton, the Hon. John C. Dodge, of Boston, and at the Harvard Law School. He was admitted to the bar in New Bedford at the June term, 1868, and began practice there in the office formerly oc- cupied by his father. He was alone until Febru- ary, 1869, when he became a member of the firm of Marston c.^: Crapo (Hon. George Marston and Hon. William W. Crapo). This relation contin- ued till the dissolution of the firm of Marston iS: Crapo in 1878; and since that time he has been associated with Mr. Crapo and his brother, the Hon. Walter Clifford, under tlie firm name of Crapo, Clift'ord, & Clifford. While in asso- ciation with Mr. Marston, he acted as junior counsel in many important cases, the prepara- tion of which was intrusted to him, and subse- quently became largely employed as attorney for leading business men and numerous corpora- tions. In 1876 he was appointed one of the commissioners to revise the judiciary system of the Commonwealth. In 1891 he received the almost unanimous support of the bar of Massa- chusetts for appointment as a justice of the Cir- cuit Court of the United States. In 1893 he was appointed by the Supreme Judicial Court a com- missioner to determine the value of the Quincy Water-works, and in 1894 he was appointed by the same court a commissioner to distribute the expense of the Metropolitan Park Sj'stem. He has been a commissioner of the United States Circuit Court since 1867, and for many years one of the standing examiners of applicants for admis- sion to the bar of Bristol County. In politics a steadfast Republican, Mr. Clifford has for many years been foremost among the active supporters and advocates of the principles of that party. He has repeatedly served as chairman of the Repub- lican city committee of New Bedford ; has served 2o8 MEN OF PROGRESS. as a member of the State Committee and chair- man of its executive committee ; was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Chicago in 1880 and assistant secretary of that body; was prominent as the manager of the campaign of the Hon. William W. Crapo for the gubernatorial nom- ination in 1882, which, though unsuccessful, was conducted with ability, good judgment, and dig- nity : and in later years has rendered his party good service in various ways. He was one of the original board of civil service commissioners of Massachusetts which devised and established the CHARLES W. CLIFFORD. present system, his term covering about four years, from November, 1884, to July, 1888. In New- Bedford he holds many positions of trust, and is officially connected with numerous financial and manufacturing concerns. He is president of the Southern Massachusetts Telephone Company, pres- ident of the Masonic Building Association, chair- man of the Board of Assessors, of the First Con- gregational Society; vice-president of St. Luke's Hospital and the National Bank of Commerce ; trustee of the Swain Free School, of the New Bedford Institution for Savings, and of several es- tates ; director of the New Bedford Manufacturing Company, of the Howland Mills, the New Bedford Copper Company, the Rotch Spinning Company, the Potomeka Mills, the Oneko Woollen Mills, the Davis Coast Wrecking Company; and one of the advisory committee of the Association for the Relief of Aged Women, and of the Ladies' Branch of the New Bedford Port Society. He was in- strumental in the establishment of the New Bed- ford Opera House, and the first president of the Opera House Association. The professional and social organizations to which he belongs include the American Bar Association, in which he is a member of the standing committee on commercial law : the New Bedford Bar Association, of which he is vice-president ; the Colonial Society of Massachusetts ; the \^'amsutta, Dartmouth, Unity, Snark, and Harvard clubs of New Bedford (being a trustee of the Wamsutta and vice-president of the Harvard) ; the Union, University, and Algon- quin clubs, Boston, the University Club, New York, and the Eastern and New Bedford Yacht clubs. He was the orator at New Bedford on the occasion of the celebration of the centennial of the inauguration of Washington as President of the United States, April 30, 1889 ; and among other notable discourses which he has delivered should be mentioned an eloquent address at the meeting of the Bristol County bar on the death of the Hon. George Marston, Sept. 7, 1883. He has also read papers before the Unity Club of New Bedford on the " McKinley Tariff " and on " Reciprocity," and before the National Civil Ser- vice League on " Registration of Laborers." Mr. Clifford married, first. May 5, 1869, Miss Frances Lothrop Wood, daughter of Charles L. and Eliza- beth T. W'ood, of New Bedford. She died April 28, 1872. He married, second, March 15, 1876, Welhelmina Helena Crapo, daughter of the late Governor Crapo, of Michigan, and a sister of his partner, the Hon. William W. Crapo. They have no children. COLLINS, Lewis Peter, of Lawrence, manu- facturer, mayor of the city in 1 891, is a native of New Brunswick, born in the town of Sheffield, June 14, 1850, son of Peter and Sarah (Gallaway) Collins. He is of English and Irish ancestry. He was educated in the common and grammar schools of his native town. After leaving school, he served an apprenticeship to a carpenter and builder, and, finishing at the age of nineteen, then went into a factory to learn the ways of man- ufacturing door sashes and blinds, in which busi- MEN OF PROGRESS. 209 ness he has continued from that time to the pres- ent. He came to Lawrence in i86g, and entered the employ of Briggs & Allyn. makers of all kinds Hawes, of Belfast, Me. They have one child liv- ing, Fred Lewis Collins, twelve years old. COOK, Chari.es Emf.rso.m, editor-in-chief of the Boston Budget, is a native of Maine, born in Parsonsfield, July 22, 1869, son of James VV. and Sarah (Emerson) Cook. His paternal grandpar- ents were Nathaniel and Frances (Chamberlain) Cook ; and his maternal grandparents, Joseph Parsons Emerson and Sarah (Dunfield) Emerson. He is descended directly from the F2nglish branch of the Kochs of Germany, begun by barons of the family driven to England during the Thirty Years' War, and is closely connected with the Parsons family, of which Thomas Parsons, who settled the town of Parsonsfield, was prominent in the early history of Maine. He was educated in the pub- lic schools of Boston, graduated from the Dwight Grammar in 1884, and the English High in 1887, and at Harvard, where he was graduated in the class of 1893. For a year after graduating from the English High and before entering college he was in the office of his father, where he received LEWIS p. COLLINS. of house finish, as general workman. Subse- quently he was made foreman ; and in 1885, when the corporation known as the Briggs & Allyn ALinufacturing Company was formed to carry on the business of the old firm, he was elected super- intendent of the works. In 1892 he was made treasurer and manager, the position he now holds. He is also a director of the Lawrence National Bank and trustee of the Broadway Savings Bank. He has served in both branches of the city gov- ernment, member of the Common Council in 1889, and of the Board of Aldermen in 1890; and was mayor in 1891, elected by a majority of six hundred and fifty-two over his opponent. He is now a member of the Lawrence Water Board, which has purified the Merrimac River water by filtering. He belongs to a number of fraternal or- ganizations, — the Knights of Honor, the Knights and Ladies of Honor, and the United Friends, and is a member of the Lawrence Canoe Club. He is prominent in the Lawrence Board of Trade, and is the present vice-president of that organiza- tion. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Col- lins married December 26, 1869, Miss Lovina E. iiiii CHARLES EMERSON COOK. a careful business training. While in college, he wrote two plays, — a Spanish comedy, " The War- path of Love," and "The 'i"ie that Binds" (the 2IO MEN OF PROGRESS. latter in collaboration with David D. Wells), which were successfully produced by the Harvard Delta Upsilon ; and later he wrote a new college play, "A Sorry Spectre," which was given in the spring of 1894, also by Delta Upsilon. Disliking business, Mr. Cook turned toward literature and newspaper work while yet an undergraduate, pub- lishing several short stories, poems, clever humor- ous verse, and serving the Budget as a reporter. In f)ctober, 1889, he became the Harvard reporter for that paper; in January, 1892, its dramatic editor; in June, 1892, president of the reorgan- ized Budget Company ; in September following, writer of "The Saunterer" humorous paragraphs ; and in August, 1893, editor-in-chief of the jour- nal. His specialty is dramatic work, notably dramatic criticism. He is a member of the Delta Upsilon Fraternity and the Pi Eta Society of Harvard; of the Gridiron Club (elected a director in 1894) and the Press Club of Boston : and of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. He was married October 17, 1893, to Miss Margaret Quincy Greene, daughter of the late James Lloyd Greene, of Norwich, Conn. (^hio, born in Chillicothe, July 11, 1818, son of Leander and Ester (Smith) Cook. He is a de- scendant of Captain Joel Cook, of Revolutionary fame. His grandfather was the Captain Cook who saved the life of General William Henry Harrison from the Indians at the battle of Tippe- canoe. He was educated in the district school, and when a youth came East to begin active life. After learning the carriage trimming trade in the factory of Isaac Mi.x & Son, New Haven, Conn., he established the iirm of G. & D. Cook & Co. of New Haven, carriage-makers, and followed this business for eighteen years (from 1847 'o 1865). Afterwards he was engaged a number of years in the manufacture of musical instruments in New Haven, and in 1880 became connected with the Hallet & Davis Piano Company of Boston. He has been president of that corporation since 1880. He is connected with the Masonic order, a mem- ber of Hiram Lodge, New Haven, and belongs to numerous other organizations, business and so- cial. He was married January 8, 1837, to Miss Phtebe Merwin, of Milford, Conn. They have had eight children : George L., Mary E.. Wilber D., Emma T., James B., Hattie M., Minnie, and Lucy Cook. CEO. COOK. COOK, George, of Boston, president of the Hallet & Davis Piano Company, is a native of CRAIG, William Fairfield, of Lynn, phar- macist, is a native of Nova Scotia, born September 15, 1865, son of Leslie M. and Amanda (Aymar) Craig. His father's parents, Alexander and Eliz- abeth (Harding) Craig, were born in Scotland ; and his mother's parents, William and Kaziah (Warne) Aymar, were natives of France. He was educated in the public schools of Nova Scotia, and fitted for his profession at the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, taking the four years' course, and graduating in 1890. After leaving school, in the spring of 1884, he came to Lynn, and entered the employ of F. H. Broad & Co., pharmacists, with whom he remained as a clerk until 1892. Then he purchased the interest of Mr. Broad, and, forming a partnership with the junior partner, the Hon. Eugene A. Bessom, con- tinued and developed the business under the firm name of Wm. Craig & Co. Since 1890 he has been instructor in chemistry and pharmacy in the Lynn Hospital, and chemist for the Lynn Board of Health since 1892. He is an active member of various professional organizations, — the American Chemical Society, the Massachu- MEN OP^ PROGRESS. 21 I setts State Pliarmaceutical Association, the Lynn Druggists' Association (secretary and treasurer of WILLIAM F. CRAIG. the latter), — a trustee of the College of Pharmacy (elected in 1893 for four years), and president of the Association of the Alumni of the College of Pharmacy (elected in 1894). He belongs also to the order of Odd Fellows, a member of Richard W. Drawn Lodge and of the Lynn Encampment. In politics he is a Republican, and is enrolled as a member of the Ward Three Lynn Republican Club. He is unmarried. CRAPO, William Wallace, of New Bedford, member of the Bristol bar, concerned in large manufacturing and railroad interests, and long prominent in public life, was born in Dartmouth, May 16, 1830, son of Henry Howland and Mary A. (Slocum) Crapo. His father, also a native of Dartmouth, born in 1804, moving to Michigan in 1857, became one of the largest owners of wood- lands and most extensive manufacturers of lumber there, served as mayor of the city of Flint in 1862, as a State senator for two years, and as governor of the State four, — 1864-65-66-67. He was the only son in a family of ten children. His education was acc|uired in the public schools of New Bedford, at the Friends' Academy, at PhiUips (Andover) Academy, and at Vale College, where he graduated in the class of 1852. He began his law studies immediately after leaving college in the office of the Hon., afterward Covernor John H. Clifford, of New Bedford, and subsequently at- tended the Harvard Law School ; and was ad- mitted to the bar in Februar}', 1855. P'.ntering upon practice in New Bedford, he almost immedi- ately took a position of prominence. In less than three months after his admission to the bar — in April — he was appointed city solicitor, which office he held for ten years. The following year, 1856, his public career was begun with speeches on the stump for John C. Fremont, the first candi- date of the Republican party for President, and with his election in November to the lower house of the Legislature. He was then but twenty-si.x years of age, one of the»youngest members of that body. The next year he was urged to take the Republican nomination for State senator for his district ; but he declined, his professional work, which had become important and was steadily increasing, demanding his undivided attention. I >uring the Civil War period he was among the most active and zealous supporters of the govern- ment, and gave freely from his time and means to the cause. Subsequently he was elected to fill a vacancy in the Forty-fourth Congress, and then began a notable career, which covered the Forty- fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh Congresses, to each of which he was returned by large votes. From the first his place was with the leading members of the House. In the Forty-fifth Con- gress he was a member of the committee on foreign affairs ; in the Forty-sixth, a member of the committee on banking and currency ; in the Forty-seventh, chairman of the banking and cur- rency committee. Under his admirable leader- ship, and against strong opposition, the bill ex- tending the charters of the national banks was carried through ; and he took an infiuential part in advancing to enactment other important legis- lation. He early won the reputation of an able and trustworthy legislator of high standard and purity of motives. With the close of the Forty- seventh Congress, having declined a renomination for a fifth term, he returned to the practice of his profession. Soon, however, his name was brought before the Republican party in the State in con- nection with the governorship ; but refusing to enter a contest, being firm in his belief that the office should seek the man, or to allow the em- 212 MEN OF PROGRESS. ploymcnt in behalf of his candidacy of what are known in politics as machine methods, he failed to receive the nomination. In professional and business life Mr. Crapo has long held numerous responsible positions. He has been guardian or trustee for the management of large estates ; pres- ident of the Mechanics' National Bank of New Bedford since 1870; president of the Wamsutta Mills for many years ; director of the Potomska Mills, of the Acushnet Mills, and of a number of other industrial corporations; and president of the Flint & Pere Marquette Railroad since 1883. WM. W. CRAPO. He is pre-eminently a business lawyer ; and, in causes where the exercise of business sagacity and good judgment are demanded, he has been especially successful. In his practice he was long associated with the Hon. George Marston, under the firm name of Marston & Crapo ; and since 1878 he has been in association with Charles W. and Walter Clifford, under the firm name of Crapo, Clifford & Clifford. In the affairs of his city he has always taken a warm interest, and has advanced many local improvements. He was actively concerned in the establishment of the New Bedford Water Works, and from 1865 to 1875 held the chairmanship of the Board of Water Commissioners. In 1882 the honorarv degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Yale College. Mr. Crapo was married January 22, 1857, to Miss Sarah A. Tappan, daughter of George and Serena (Davis) Tappan, of New Bedford. They have two sons : Henry Howland (now in the office of Crapo, Clifford & Clifford) and Stanford Tappan Crapo (Y.C., 1886). DAME, Charles Chase, of Newburyport, member of the bar, was born June 5, 18 19, in Kittery, then the district of Maine, Common- wealth of Massachusetts, son of Joseph and Statira (Chase) Dame. He is of English ances- try, and descends from first settlers in New Eng- land. The Dames settled in what is now Dover, N.H., in 1633, and the Chases about the same period in Newbury. He is in the eighth genera- tion from John Dame, one of the first deacons of the First Church of Dover and prominent in pub- lic affairs, and on the maternal side from Aquilla Chase, master mariner, the first pilot of the '■ Mer- rimack." His maternal grandfather, Joshua T. Chase, of Kittery Point, was a man of note. For seven years before the separation of Maine from Massachusetts he was a member of the General Court, and nine years ne.xt after the separation, a member of the Maine House of Representatives. His father, born in Wakefield, N.H., was the first man in that town to enlist in the War of 1812, and was stationed at Fort McCleary, Kittery Point. After this service he settled there, marrying Statira Chase. He was a schoolmaster by pro- fession, and taught several years at Newcastle, N.H. Charles C. first attended the common schools, and at the age of eleven began work. Before he had reached seventeen, he was teaching school at Kittery " Foreside." At eighteen he entered the academy at South Newmarket, N.H., where he received a good academic training. Upon graduation he returned to school-teaching, and pursued this profession upwards of twenty years. Beginning at Brentwood Hill, in June, 1839, he was called to Newbury to take charge of a school at " Upper Green," where he remained two years. Then he became principal of a gram- mar school in Lynn, afterward of the South Male Grammar School of Newburyport, and next of the Brown High School there. In February, 1849, he temporarily retired, and made a voyage to the Pacific coast, stopping some time in South Amer- ica. Returning in 185 1, he took charge of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 213 English department in C'iiauncy Hall School, L!os- ton, where he remained nine years, at the same time reading law. He was admitted to the Suf- folk bar September 8, 1859, and to practice in the United States Circuit Court October 17, fol- lowing. He retired permanently from school- teaching early in i860, and opened a law office in Boston. In September, 1868, he was ap- pointed by President Johnson collector of internal revenue for the Fifth District, Massachusetts, and held this position continuously through the ad- ministrations of Presidents Grant, Hayes, Gar- CHARLES C. DAME. field, and Arthur, till August, 1883. That year he opened a law office in Newburyport, and has since practised there. In March, 1876, he was admitted to practice in the United States Su- preme Court at Washington. He has lived in Newburyport since the late thirties, maintaining his residence there while teaching in Lynn and in Boston and practising law in the latter city, and has held numerous local positions, besides repre- senting his district in the State Senate (1868). In 1856 he was a member of the School Board, in 1859-60 member of the Common Council, in 1862 an alderman, and in 1886 mayor of the city. He has been a director of the Merchants' Na- tional Bank of Newburyport since January, 1886, ami a trustee of the Institution for Savings in Newburyport and its Vicinity since January, 1884. He is a prominent Mason, and has held numerous high offices in the order. He was for three years (1866-67-68) grand master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, A. F. & A. M. He was wor- shipful master of Revere Lodge, Boston ; high priest of St. Andrews R. A. Chapter, Boston ; eminent commander of Hugh de Payen Com- mandery, Melrose, and of Boston Commandery, Boston ; and is an honorary member of the Su- preme Council, A. A. S. R. of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, for the thirty-third, or last, degree. He has been a member of the Masonic Education and Charity Trust in Massachusetts from its commencement, in 1884, and a member of the Board of Directors of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts since 1881. Mr. Dame was for many years an active member of the Veteran .Vrtillery Company of Newburyport and of the .Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, commander of the former in 1870 and judge advocate in later years. In politics he was originally a ^^'hig, and upon the dissolution of that party became a Republican. He was mar- ried September i, 1842, to Miss Frances Amelia Little, of Newbury. They have had four chil- dren : Frances Chase (deceased), Charles Little (deceased), P'rances Maria, and Charles W'allis Dame. DANIELS, John Herbert, of Fitchburg, dealer in real estate, was born in Worcester, January 27, 1845, son of Thomas E. and Lucy (Sherwin) Daniels. His grandfather, Verin Dan- iels, was a pioneer builder and contractor of Fitchburg: and his father was an inventor of note, originator of the Daniels planer, a machine which has been in constant use since its invention in 1834. He was educated in the public schools of Fitchburg, and graduated from a business college. His active career was begun at nineteen years of age as clerk in the provost marshal's office in Greenfield. Here he was employed in 1864 -65. For the ne.xt twenty years, from 1865 to 1885, he was connected with the Fitchburg Rail- road, first as clerk in the freight ofiice, then freight cashier, and the latter part of this period as ticket and freight agent. In 1884 a fine tract of high land, embracing one hundred and fifty acres, and including what had been known as the Daniels farm, lying by the side of the Fitchburg 214 MEN OF PROGRESS. Railroad, between Fitchburg and West Fitchburg, Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Mr. Daniels came into his possession; and he proceeded to was married first, in 1872, to Miss Abby F. Lane, develop it as a manufacturing centre, subse- She died in 1879, leaving two children : Herbert L. and Ernest T. Daniels. He married secondly, in 1892, Miss Florence R. Dwinnell. They have a daughter, Ellen S. L)aniels. JOHN H. DANIELS. quently devoting much of his time to this enter- prise. He induced manufacturers to build upon it by giving them suitable land, opened streets through and across it, encouraged the building of dwellings, schools, and stores ; and, as a result of his efforts and public spirit, w'ithin a few years a thriving community was here established. Where there was not a single dwelling in 1885, there are now (1894) four extensive manufactories, employing a large number of hands, many dwell- ing-houses, a public and a parochial school, a French Catholic church, and a dozen stores. Mr. Daniels is especially concerned in the growth and welfare of Fitchburg, and in educational and re- ligious interests. He has been secretary of the Board of Trade from its reorganization in 1891, a trustee of the Fitchburg Savings Bank, vice- president of the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion, and treasurer of the First Baptist Church of Fitchburg. He served in the Common Council in 1884-85, and has been a member of the School Board since 1888. He is a director of the Fidelity Co-operative Bank, the Brown Bag- filling Machine Company, and of the W'achusett DILLON, David Martin, of Fitchburg, man- ufacturer, was born in St. John, N.B., April 15, 1843, son of William and Isabella (Dillon) Dillon. He was educated in the public schools of his native place. He came to the LTnited States when about seventeen years of age ; and soon after, the Civil War breaking out, he en- listed in the government service, and for two years was a most trusted workman in it. At the close of the war he settled in Worcester, and there started a steam-boiler business. After five prosperous years in Worcester he moved his busi- ness to Fitchburg, where he has since built up one of the most flourishing boiler manufacturing con- cerns in New England. To him belongs the credit for making the first steel boilers, which DAVID M. DILLON. placed him among the foremost of those who have revolutionized mechanical processes. His shops are models of convenience, being amply MEN OF PROGRESS. '5 equipped with the most improved tools ; and his manufactured goods find market in all parts of the United States, in South and Central America, Mexico, Japan, and other countries. Besides his extensive boiler business, he is connected with various other enterprises, and is concerned as a leader in every movement for the growth, im- provement, and general well-being of his city. He is president of the Fitchburg Real Estate As- sociation, which has done much to advance and develop suburban property ; is a director of the Parkhill Manufacturing Company, a director of the Fitchburg Co-operative Bank ; and was presi- dent of the Board of Trade during the year 1893. In fraternal societies he is prominent as a mem- ber of Mount RoUstone Lodge and King David Encampment, Order of Odd Fellows, and of Al- pine Lodge, Knights of Pythias. He is an hon- orary member of the Fitchburg Athletic Club. In politics he is a Republican, and is frequently selected to attend conventions. He has served two terms in the Fitchburg Board of Aldermen, where he was known, as in private life, as an un- flinching supporter of measures wliich he con- ceived to be right. Mr. Dillon was married June 17, i86g, to Miss Margaret Grace Kavener. They have seven children : Benjamin H., Freder- ick N., D. Frank, Katherine Louise, Isabella Mary, Walter Sidney, and Herbert L. Dillon. alderman. In 1S94 he represented the city in the lower house of the Legislature, serving there on the committees on bills in the third readins: DOWD, James Joseph, of Brockton, member of the bar, is a native of Worcester, born July 4, 1857, son of Charles and Mary (Reynolds) Dowd. His parents were born in Ireland. He attended the Worcester public schools, and after graduat- ing from the High School, class of 1877, took a thorough collegiate course, studying some time at the St. Charles College, Elicott City, Md., then at Holy Cross, Worcester, and finishing at St. Michael's College, Toronto, Can., where he grad- uated in the class of 1880. He studied law in Worcester, and was admitted to the bar there September 20, 1882. While engaged in practice, he had a brief experience as an editor of a weekly paper, the Saturday Democrat of Worcester, which flourished for a few short months, from February to May, 1884. He remained in Worces- ter until September 25, i886, when he moved his law business to Brockton, where he has since been established. He early took an interest in affairs in Brockton, and in 1893 was made an JAMES J. DOWD. and on revision of corporation laws. In politics he has always been a Democrat. He was chair- man of the Brockton Democratic city committee in 1889, and member of the Democratic State central committee in 1890 and 1891. He was married October 14, 1885, to Miss Nellie F. Degan. They have one child : Agnes Dowd. DRAKE, Luther J., member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Union, October 27, 1847, son of Luther H. and Abigail (Davis) Drake. He is of English ances- try, and his great-great-grandparents were among the early settlers of the colonies. He was pre- pared for college at the Maine Wesleyan Semi- nary, and graduated from Bowdoin College in the class of 187 I. After leaving college, he engaged in teaching, in which he spent about two years, first in the Warren (Me.) .Academy, and after- ward in the Bridgewater (Mass.) High School, meantime reading law. He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar at New Bedford, January 12, 1874, and began the practice of his profession in 2l6 MEN OF PROGRESS. Fall River, where he continued till 1880, when he came to Boston. Since that date he has been engaged in general practice at the Suffolk bar. L. J. DRAKE. During the closing period of the Civil War Mr. Drake was first lieutenant Company F, Twelfth Maine Volunteers, and served from February, 1865, to March, 1866, commanding his company the last ten months of that time till the mustering out of the regiment. He is a Royal Arch Mason. In politics he is a Republican. He was married in October, 1876, at Fall River to Miss Ellen Hibbard. Thev have no children. DUDLEY, S.i^NFORD Harrison-, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in China, January 14, 1842, son of Harrison and Elizabeth (Prentiss) Dudley. He is a lineal de- scendant of Thomas Dudley, second governor of the colonies of Massachusetts Bay, through his eldest son Samuel, who settled at Exeter, N.H. He lived with his parents at St. Albans, Auburn, and Richmond, Me., and finally came w-ith them to Massachusetts at the age of fifteen. He began his studies preparatory for college in the High School of Fairhaven, and afterward completed them under the direction of a well-known classical teacher in New Bedford, meanwhile teaching school in the country. He graduated from Har- vard in 1867, and from the Harvard Law School in 187 1, taking the several degrees of A.B., A.M., and LL.B. For three years after graduation from college he taught the classics and mathematics in the New Bedford High School, meanwhile read- ing law in the office of Eliot & Stetson, of New- Bedford. He was admitted to the bar immedi- ately after receiving his degree from the law school, and opened an office in Boston, also an office in Cambridge, where he has always resided. After a few years, however, he confined himself wholl)' to his Boston office, where he has been engaged in general practice ever since. He has never sought political office or preferment, though serving a single year in the city government where he resides, preferring to give his whole attention to his chosen profession. In politics he was originally a Republican, and is preferably such still, and was for many years a member of the local party committees, but lately has acted independently. In religion Mr. Dudley is a Uni- versalist, a member of the Universalist church at SANFORD H. DUDLEY. North Cambridge, and active in religious matters, both in church and Sunday-school. He has been president of the Uni\-ersalist Club, the representa- MEN OF PROGRESS. 217 live lay organization in the State. He is also a member of the Cambridge CUii), the [irincipal social organization of his city ; is or has been president of the Universalist Sunday School Union, an organization representing all the Sun- day-schools of his denomination in and around Boston and vicinity ; has been president of the Sons of Maine Association in Cambridge, a social organization composed of natives of Maine in his city; is a member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, and president of the Gover- nor Thomas Dudley Family Association, a cor- poration established not only for social purposes, but also as one of its objects for the elucidation of early New England history, especially as af- fected by the life and career of Governor Dudley and the lives and careers of his descendants. Mr. Dudley has written occasionally for the press, and also from time to time has made addresses upon historical and other topics. He was married April 2, 1869, at Fairhaven, to Miss Laura Nye Rowland, daughter of John M. Howland, of Fair- haven. They have three children : Laura How- land, Howland, and Elizabeth Prentiss Dudley. The son, Howland, is destined for his father's pro- fession. 1888. In politics he is a Democrat. He was married June 8, 1S64, to Miss Kate R. Adams, of ISrighton, daughter of [oel C. and Lucinda O. DUNCKLEE, Joshua Sears, of Boston, chair- man of the Board of Assessors, is a native of Brighton, born September 4, 1840, son of John and Harriet (Gilmore) Duncklee. He was edu- cated in the Brighton public schools. At the age of seventeen he entered the employ of Otis Nor- cross & Co., Boston, to learn the crockery ware business, and was engaged here till September, 1 86 1, when he enlisted in the United States naval service as paymaster's clerk on board the United States ship " Ino," with which he served during her first cruise. On retiring from the navy, he returned to Boston, and engaged in the wholesale grocery business, which he pursued for several years. He first became an assessor of taxes in Brighton, serving the last two years of its existence as an independent town (1872-73). After its annexation to Boston (1874) he was made an assistant assessor of Boston, in which capacity he served two years (1874-75). He was appointed a principal assessor in 1877, and has served continuously from that time, chairman of the board since 1893. Mr. Duncklee is a Free- mason, a member of the Bethesda Lodge, of which he was worshipful master in 1887 and JOSHUA S. DUNCKLEE. (Fuller) Adams. They have three children : Kate A., Helen L., and Howard S. Duncklee. ELDREDGE, Clarence Freeman, member of the SufTolk bar, was born in Dennisport, Cape Cod, November 14, 1862, son of James F. and Susan ( Wixon) Eldredge. His ancestors on both the paternal and maternal sides came from Eng- land and settled on Cape Cod, at Yarmouth. Thence the Eldredges went to Chatham, where his father was born. From Chatham his father early moved to Dennisport. He was educated in the public schools at Dennisport and at the Com- mercial College in Providence, R.L, from which he graduated in i88i. He studied law in Boston, beginning about September, 1881, and was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar January 10, 1885. He began practice with his preceptor, and continued with him till November, 1891, when he opened his own office. He has since practised alone, en- gaged in both civil and criminal business, in State and United States courts, having been ad- mitted to the latter in May 31, 1893. Although 2l8 MEN OF PROGRESS. an ardent Republican, he has held no office other Jefferson's cabinet in 1806, but declined, prefer- than member of the Republican ward and city ring to remain in Congress, and died suddenly in committee of Boston (for Ward Twenty-four) for Washington in 1808. He was educated in the Salem Latin School and at Harvard, where he was graduated in the class of 1847 ; and his law studies were pursued under Nathaniel J. Lord, then the leader of the Essex bar, and at the Har- vard Law School. Admitted to the bar in 1850, he began practice the following year in Salem. In 1852 he entered into partnership with J. W. Perry under the firm name of Perry & Endicott, which association continued till 1873. In 18^7 he was made city solicitor of Salem, and served in this office till 1864, when his practice had be- come large and important, and he ranked with the leaders at the bar. Li 1870 he was nomi- nated for Congress by the Democrats of the Essex District, and in the State campaigns of 1871, 1872, and 1873 he was candidate for attor- ney-general on the Democratic ticket. In 1873 he was appointed to the Supreme Bench by (Jovernor William B. Washburn in place of Mr. Justice Horace Gray, then elevated to the chief justiceship made vacant by the death of Chief CLARENCE F. ELDREDGE. one year. He declined longer to serve, preferring to give his best time and attention to his varied and increasing professional work. He is a mem- ber of the Royal Arcanum, Dorchester Council, and of the Chickatawbut Club. He was married September 13, 1885, to Miss Lucie W. Nickerson. They have one child : Marian ^^'allace Eldredge, born October 29, 1887. F.NDICOTT, Wii.i.iAM Crowninshield, of Salem, member of the Esse.x bar, some time jus- tice of the Supreme Court of the Commonwealth and member of the first cabinet of President Cleveland, was born in Salem, November ig, 1826, son of William Putnam and Mary (Crownin- shield) Endicott. On the paternal side he is a direct descendant of John Endicott, the first gov- ernor of "The Plantation in New England," and on the maternal side is of one of the older Mas- sachusetts families. His maternal grandfather, Jacob C-rowninshield, was a merchant of Salem, Justice Chapman. His services here covered a member of Congress from t8o2 to 1808, was ap- period of nearly ten vears, and were highly es- pointed and confirmed Secretary of the Navy in teemed. Resigning in 1882, he returned to'-en- WM. C. ENDICOTT. MEN OF PROGRESS. 219 eral practice. In 1S84 he was the Democratic candidate for governor of the State, and the fol- lowing vear was named for Secretary of War by President Cleveland, in which position he served through the four years of Mr. Cleveland's first administration. Originally a Whig, he has been a Democrat since the dissolution of the Whig party. Judge Endicott has been president of the I'eabody Academy of Science in Salem since 1.S67 ; was president of the Esse.x Har A.ssocia- lion from i86g to 1873, and president of the Salem Bank from 1857 to 1873. In 1852 he was a member of the Salem Common Council and its president. He was the orator on the occasion of the celebration in 1878 of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the landing of John Endi- cott ; and he has delivered numerous other occa- sional addresses, the list including an address on John Hampden and his relation to the Puritan movement here and in England, an address be- fore the Young Men's Union in Salem on patri- otism as bearing on the duties of a citizen, an address at Sterling, Mass., on the Relation of Agriculture to the Stability and Permanence of the State, and a lecture on Chivalry. Judge Endicott was married December 13, 1859, to Miss Ellen Peabody, daughter of George Pea- body, of Salem. They have one son and one daughter : William C, Jr., and Mary C. Endicott (now Mrs. Joseph Chamberlain, of P)irmingham, England). EVANS, Edmond Amos, of Clinton, special justice of the Second District Court of Eastern \\'orcester, is a native of Clinton, born March 2, 1865, eldest son of Amos and Lydia G. (Bab- cock) Evans. His paternal grandparents were Amos and Catherine (Richardson) Evans, of Reading; and his maternal grandparents, David and Elizabeth (Walcott) Babcock, of Bolton. Amos Evans, senior, was son of Thomas, son of Jonathan, son of Nathaniel, son of Nathaniel, senior, who, with his father, Henry Evans, settled in Reading, where he married, previous to 1680. The Evans family have been well known in Read- ing and vicinity for over two hundred years. The Babcock family have lived in and have been identified with the history of the old town of Bolton for nearly as long. His education was attained in the public schools of Clinton, from which he graduated in 1882, leader in his class and valedictorian. Shortlv after leaving school he became book-keeper and confidential clerk for large manufacturing corporations in Clinton, and was afterward for five years managing clerk for EDMOND A. EVANS. Corcoran & Parker, of Clinton, one of the fore- most law firms of that section. Here he studied law, and shortly after the dissolution, by removal of the firm, was admitted to the bar (May 12, 1892), and succeeded to their office and practice. While with Messrs. Corcoran & Parker, Mr. Evans assisted Judge Corcoran in liis very suc- cessful management as receiver of the affairs of the wrecked Lancaster National Bank. Subse- quently, in 1894, he successfully closed up the affairs of the Fraternal Accident Association, Im- proved Order of Red Men, formerly numbering several thousand members, having been appointed receiver by the Supreme Court in 1890. He has held and holds numerous positions of trust, while conducting the usual and varied practice of a busy lawyer. He was appointed a justice of the peace in 1888, notary public in 1890, master of chancery in 1892, and resigned the latter office to accept the appointment as special justice of the local district court in 1894. He has found little time to devote to politics, and has uniformly de- clined public olfice ; but he is interested and prominent in various local organizations, and is 220 MEN OF PROGRESS. now treasurer of the Prescott t'lub, tlie leading social club of his town. Mr. Evans was married August 8, 1888, to Miss May L. Lyons, daughter of Edwin and Anne Lyons, of Ellenburgh, N.Y. They have three children : Mildred L. (born Jan- uary 17, 1890), Ralph A. (born February 16, 1891), and Marjorie A. Evans (born September 28, 1893). W. D. EWING. EWING, William David, of Boston, general superintendent of the Fitchburg Railroad system, is a native of Pennsylvania, born in the town of Indiana, January i6, 1846, son of John and Eliza- beth (Anthony) Ewing. He is of Scotch-Irish ancestry. He was educated in the common school and academy, and at the age of fifteen was a soldier in the Civil War. He enlisted first in the Eleventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Reserve Corps, served for one year, and subse- quently re-enlisted in other organizations, serving as private and first sergeant in infantry, and also as first lieutenant in cavalry, a total service of almost three years. After the war he went West, soon engaging in railroading in Illinois. He ad- vanced gradually through the lower grades on the Illinois Central and the Ohio and Mississippi Railroads, and to the position of general manager on the Evansville & Terre Haute Railroad. His service with the Fitchburg began in 1891, as as- sistant general superintendent; and in 1893 he succeeded to the position of general superintend- ent, which he has since held. For several years, and until taking position with the Fitchburg Rail- road, he commanded the First Regiment Infantry, Indiana Legion (State Militia). He is a member of the military orders of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the Loyal Legion. Mr. Ewing was married March 11, 1866, to Miss Emma Watt, of Pennsylvania. They have one son : John W. Ewing. FRENCH, Alfred Joseph, M.D., of Law- rence, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Bedford, January 16, 1823, son of Eben C. and Sally (Holbrookj French. Both his paternal and maternal grandfathers were also of l!edford. The former, Eben C. French, served as selectman of the town ; and the latter, Deacon John Holbrook, was in the Re\olutionary War. He was educated in the public schools and at the Hancock Literary Scientific Institution, where he spent two years. A. J. FRENCH. His medical studies were pursued in the Vermont Medical College, from which he graduated in 1848. Until eighteen years of age he worked on MEN OF PROGRESS. 221 the farm, and from thai time till his twenty-ninth year he was engaged in general study. Then he began the practice of his profession, first estab- lished in the town of Methuen, Mass. After seven years there he came to Lawrence, where he has practised continuously for thirty-five years. He has been interested also for a number of years in banking and manufacture. He started the Lawrence National Bank in 1873, and was its president for five years ; and subsequently he organized the Wright Manufacturing Company for manufacturing mohair braid, with a capital of si.xty thousand dollars, of which lie was president eight years, and one of the three owners. In pol- itics he is a Republican. He was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1859, and in 1864 filled the office of mayor of Lawrence. He has been for many years a member of the Massa- chusetts Homceopathic Society, and was its presi- dent in 1890. He is not a member of any secret society. He has been long a trustee of the First Baptist Church of Lawrence, and superintendent of the Sunday-school. He married in November II, 1852, Miss Sarah A. Hardy, of Antrim, N.H. They have had one daughter, who died at the age of eight. FULLER, Granville Austin, of Boston, lum- ber merchant, was born in Brighton (now Brighton District, Boston), March 13, 1837, son of Gran- ville and Rebecca (BuUard) Fuller, both originally of W'ellesley. He is a direct descendant of Thomas Fuller, who came from England and set- tled in Salem in 1633. He was educated in the Brighton public schools, and at the age of fifteen entered into the lumber business with his father, in which lie has ever since been successfully en- gaged, from i860 a member of the firm of G. Fuller & Son. He was early attached to the fire department, at twenty-one entering the old Brighton organization. He served as engineer, captain and member of the ''board of engineers" before the town was annexed to Boston, and after annexation as captain of Ladder No. 11, and as district chief, holding the latter position till 1890, when he resigned, his entire service having cov- ered a period of thirty-two years. In Brighton District affairs he has long been prominent, and he is identified with several of its institutions. He is a director of the National Market Bank, of the Citizens' Mutual Insurance Company, a trus- tee of the Brighton Five Cents Savings Bank, and member of its investment committee, and a large holder of Brighton real estate. He is also presi- dent of the New England Investment Company of Denver, Col. In'politics he is an earnest Repub- lican, always upholding the principles of his party; and in State and municipal affairs it is his custom to consider questions as they arise from a business man's point of view. In the autumn campaign of 1892 he was nominated by the Re- publicans of the Twenty-fifth Suffolk District for the House of Representatives, and was elected by a good vote, although the district is strongly GRANVILLE A. FULLER. Democratic. In his first term (Legislature of 1893) he served on the committees on finance and on expenditures, and won a reputation as a working member. Returned to the Legislature of 1894 by a largely increased vote, the Speaker complimented him with the same assignments that he had had the previous year, — on the finance and expenditures committees, — and made him also a member of the important committee on taxation. Not a debater, his service w-as most valuable and infiuential in the committee rooms, where much of the most important work is done and measures are formulated. In the agitation for rapid transit between Boston and its surround- ing suburbs he has been untiring in his efforts 222 MEN OF PROGRESS. to obtain recognition for the Brighton District in the several schemes before the Legislature ; and solely through his exertion provision for a line to this district was inserted in the so-called Meigs Elevated Railroad bill which passed the Legisla- ture in 1894. In the Masonic fraternity Mr. Fuller is prominent in connection with Kethesda Lodge of the Brighton District: and in religious matters he is identified with the Brighton Con- gregational church. He was married on the ist of January, i860, to Miss Roselle S. Henderson, of St. George, Me. They have had five children, four of whom are now living : Herbert A., Will S., Ethel L., and Granville Norton Fuller. (iAUSS, John Dennis Hammond, of Salem, editor of the Ol>sen\I). JdHX Mak.shall, of -Salem, mem- ber of the Essex bar, is a native of Salem, born June 16, 1852, son of Alfred A and Sarah (Buf- fum) Raymond. His ancestors on both sides were among the early settlers of New England. On the paternal side he is descended from Captain Will- iam Raymond, who settled in Beverly about 1652, was appointed by tile (ienerai Court in 1683 lieu- tenant commander of Beverly and Wenham troop, and was deputy for Beverly in 1685 and 1686, and commanded a company in the Canada expedition in 1690. On his mother's side he is of Quaker descent, his maternal ancestor being Robert Buffum. who settled in Salem in 1638. The first settlers of the family became Quakers, the mother of Mr. Raymond was a life-long member of the Society of Friends, and each generation has had influential members of that Society among its number. His general education was acquired in the Salem public schools and at the Friends' Boarding-school of Providence, R.I. ; and he was prepared for his profession at the Boston Univer- sity Law School, from which he was graduated in 1878, receiving the Hilliard prize for the best essay on " Insanity as a Defence in Criminal Cases." While pursuing his law studies and for some time before, he was at work in various occu- pations, first as a clerk in a grocery store, then in the freight department of the old Eastern and the Boston & Lowell railroads at Salem, and after- ward as station agent at Peabody. Admitted to the bar in October, 1878, he immediately began practice in Salem, and has since pursued his pro- fession there. In the November election of 1879, a year after his election to the bar, he was elected a member of the Executive Council for 1880, and served through the first term of Governor John D. Long. The ne.xt two years, 1881 and 1882, he was president of the Salem Common Council. and from 1886 to 1889, inclusive, was mayor of the city. During his four terms in the latter office numerous important reforms were accom- plished, and the interests of the city advanced in various ways. He was especially instrumental in establishing the free public library and fire alarm system. One of the most notable reforms, how- ever, was the establishing of " liquor limits '' for the city, and a system of high license, by which he freed the residential sections from the saloon almost entirely, largely reduced the number of saloons, and brought increased re\enue to the city. At the close of his second term he decided to retire, but was induced to stand again by peti- tions addressed to him, signed by more than fif- teen hundred of the leading citizens of Salem ; and he was returned by a largely increased majority. JNO. M. RAYMOND. During his fourth term, the public library was opened to the citizens, and on the occasion of its opening he delivered the address. He was the first chairman of the Board of Trustees of the library, holding that position for two years. Mr. Raymond is a thirty-second degree Mason, and a prominent member of the Scottish rite bodies, being thrice potent grand master of Sutton Lodge of Perfection, of Salem, grand high priest of Ciles F. Yates Council of Princes of Jerusalem, Boston, and has held the office of second lieu- tenant commander of Massachusetts Consistory; he is worshipful master of Essex Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and a member of Winslow MEN OF PROGRESS. !5I Lewis Commander)- of Knights 'I'emplar, and of Sutton Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and of Salem Council of Royal and Select Masters. Also past noble grand of Fraternity Lodge, and past chief patriarch of Salem Encampment, Independent Order of ( )dd Fellows. He has been president of the Salem Mutual Benefit Asso- ciation for fourteen years, and of the Salem Co- operative Bank since its organization, in uS88. For four years he was a member of the Second Corps of Cadets, and is now a member of the Veteran Association. He was married in June, 1879, in Salem, to Miss Anna Belle Jackson. They have had three children: Eva S., Helen J., and Grace Raymond (deceased). Mrs. Raymond died in 1885, a few months after the death of the daughter Grace. Li December, 1893, he was married to Miss Jennie Abbott Ward, of Salem. RAYMOND, Robert Fulton, of New Bed- ford, member of the bar, is a native of Fairfield County, Connecticut, born at High Ridge, in the town of Stamford, June 15, 1858, son of Lewis and Sarah .-V. (Jones) Raymond. Public records show that his ancestors were in America as early as 1630-31, in Little Harbor, now Portsmouth, N.H., and in 1634 at Salem, Mass., whence a son removed to Norwalk, Fairfield County, Conn., as is shown by the records of that town in 1668. The Raymond genealogy shows two branches of the family growing up in Salem and Norwalk re- spectively, and from the latter branch came the subject of this sketch. Up to sixteen years of age he attended the district schools at High Ridge and Long Ridge, Conn. In 1874, stimulated by the example of his brother (now President Ray- mond of Wesleyan University) in getting an edu- cation, he came to New Bedford to prepare for college at the New Bedford High School. After completing his preparatory work, he entered Wes- leyan University in 1877, took a partial course there, and subsequently studied in Harvard Col- lege and Law School. The cost of his prepara- tory school and college training was met by his earnings as a school-teacher, which work he began at the age of seventeen while a student in the High School, — teaching two winters in Dartmouth public schools. After a year at Wesleyan he taught two years in the town of Marion, at the same time reading Greek and Latin classics ex- tensively, intending to re-enter Wesleyan with his old class. At the end of his successful work there, however, having an opportunity to teach mornings in a private Latin school in Boston and to work in Harvard College afternoons, he ac- cepted that course instead, and for a year pursued it, — teaching regularly every morning, taking lect- ures at Harvard in history and Roman law after- noons, and doing private tutoring evenings through the college season. In this way he prepared a young man for Harvard within the year, and in the summer months took a private pupil to his home in Connecticut, and prepared him in Greek and Latin for Yale in the autumn. He entered ROBERT F. RAYMOND. the Harvard Law School in the autumn of 1881, and remained two yeans, and then, coming to New Bedford, was admitted to the bar at the June term, 1883, of the Superior Court. It was his intention to return to the Law School at the end of the third year and take his degree, but he was so busy in his practice that he was unable to do so. Later, however, in 1894, he took the examinations, and received from the college on commencement day his LL.B. He has practised at New Bedford steadily since his admission to the bar with a good degree of success, latterly doing much corporation business. He is at present trustee of large corpo- ration interests in Kansas and Colorado, and en- 252 MEN OF PROGRESS. gaged in an extensive general practice in eastern Massachusetts. For two years after he began practice he was principal of a large evening school in New Bedford, with from ten to twenty assistant teachers ; and at the close of this service he re- ceived a testimonial from his pupils which he holds as one of his choicest possessions. During his first year in New Bedford he was also elected president of the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion there ; and he continued in this position for nine years, within which period the institution built one of the finest Christian Association build- ings in the country. In politics he was originally a Republican of the radical stripe, and did cam- paign speaking for the Republican party in Con- necticut from the (larfield campaign to 1891. Then he became a Prohibitionist, and each year since he has served as candidate of that party for attorney-general of Massachusetts. He was a delegate to the National Prohibitory Convention at Cincinnati in 1892, in which he served as a member of the committee on platform. He has been a member of the Massachusetts Prohibitory State Committee since 1892, and has taken the stump in every campaign since he joined the party. He is a frequent speaker also on occa- sions of public meeting to advocate movements of moral reform ; before temperance societies and conventions of young people, Sunday-schools, the Epworth League, Christian Endeavor, and similar organizations ; in movements for the elevation of the laboring man; and on Memorial Day. In re- ligious faith he is a Methodist Episcopalian, and active in denominational work. He is a member of the Boston Wesleyan Association, having charge of Ziitns Herald and the general property of the denomination in New England ; a director of East Greenwich Academy ; a member of various busi- ness boards of laymen of the New F2ngland South- ern Conference ; and a member of the Methodist Social Union of New Bedford and vicinity, the largest in the country, which he was instrumental in starting, and of which he was the first president. He is vice-president for the State of Massachu- setts of the .\merican Sabbath Union. He is a member of Acushnet Lodge, No. 41, L (). (). F., and also of the Knights of Honor. Physically, he is something of an athlete, with a taste espe- cially for rowing. He usually has a shell on the river and a boat at his summer home on Lake W'innipesaukee, N.H., where he organized the i'ine Island Outing Club in 1892, of which he has since been clerk. He is a collector of books, and possesses one of the best law libraries and one of the choicest general libraries in New Bedford, the latter specially rich in the lines of history and economics, and in English, French, and Ger- man literature. Mr. Raymond was first married, September 12, 1883, to Miss Annie E. Booth, of New Bedford, who died December 10, 1884. He married second, October 20, 1886, Miss Mary F". Walker, daughter of Captain David Walker, of Groton, Conn. Their children are : Annie Almy. Mary Lois, and Allen Simmons Raymond. ROBER'I'S, JiiHN Hemenwav, of the Boston office of the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, is a native of Maine, born in Alfred, York County, October 8, 1831, son of Nahum and Sally B. (Hemenway) Roberts. He is of English ancestry. He was educated in the common schools and at Alfred Academy. Until he was eighteen years of age he lived and worked on his father's farm. Then, in 1850, he came to Charles- town, and was engaged in the West India goods and foreign fruit business till the outbreak of the Civil War. Enlisting in July, 186 1, as a private for three years, he was mustered into the I'nited States service as second lieutenant, Company F, FLighth Regiment, Maine Volunteers, in August ; was promoted to first lieutenant in .May, 1862, and to captain the following August. His regiment was immediately ordered to the front in the de- fences of Washington. In October, 1861, it was assigned to the First Brigade (General Viely), Sherman's expeditionary corps (afterwards the Tenth Army Corps) to the South Atlantic coast, striking first at Port Royal, S.C. It participated in all the operations from that engagement to the capture of Fort Sumter, including the siege and capture of Fort Pulaski, at the mouth of the Savannah River, and the capture and occupation of Jacksonville, Fla. On the first of January, 1864, by order of the Secretary of War, at the request of the governor of Maine, he was trans- ferred to the Second Maine Cavalry, then organiz- ing at .\ugusta. Me., as captain of Company M. In February the regiment was ordered to New Orleans, La., and participated in the Red River campaign, after which it was engaged in the ex- termination of guerillas in La Fourche and Tesche counties, Louisiana. In July. 1S64, it was ordered MEN OF PROGRESS. 253 to West Florida, witli headquarters at Barrancas, to assist in tiie siege and operations against Mobile, Ala., and assigned to the First Brigade Cavalry, Nineteenth Army Corps. From this time till the close of the war it was constantly engaged in scouting and raiding throughout western Flor- ida and southern Alabama, destroying an immense amount of Confederate army stores, cutting rail- road and telegraph communications between Mobile and Montgomery, capturing large quanti- ties of cattle, horses, and mules; and it was the first to carry the Emancipation Proclamation to JOHN H. ROBERTS. the negroes throughout that section of the coun- try. In the course of these raids the regiment had many engagements : at Milton, Euchee Anna, Marianna, Fla., and at Pollard, Big and Little Escambia Rivers, Pine Barren Creek, and other places in Alabama. In May, 1864, Captain Roberts was inspector-general of the forces of New Orleans, and later judge advocate-general of the department. In January, 1865, he was detailed judge advocate of an important military commission at Barrancas, Fla., for the trial of several capital cases (civilians), there being then no State government, and consequently no courts of justice, .\fter the close of the war he returned to Massachusetts, and entered the State militia. He was made adjutant of the First Battalion of Cavalry in 1869, and afterwards (in 1873) pro- moted to lieutenant colonel commanding (serving in that capacity until 1876); and he brought this corps to so high a state of efficiency that he was complimented by General Sherman, when general of the United States .Army, as having the finest command in the country outside of the regular army. Upon his return to civil life after his four years of service in the war, during which time he was never off duty a day e.xcept for a short time when w'ounded, he re-entered his former business in the employ of J. C. Tyler & Co., foreign fruit merchants, with whom he remained seven years. Then he entered the firm of J. F. Conant & CJo., Chatham Street, of which, by the death of the senior partners, he soon became the head. For some years afterwards he was engaged in the merchandise brokerage business in India Street ; and in 1888 he became connected with the Boston office of the Mutual Life of New York. Since the war Colonel Roberts has resided in Chelsea, where he has taken an active interest in affairs, civil, political, and social. He served in the Board of Aldermen one term (1876), represented the city in the lower house of the Legislature two terms (1870-71), and has been at the head of many of its social organizations. He is a mem- ber of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Massachusetts Commandery ; of the Union Vet- erans' Union, W. S. Hancock command, Chelsea ; of the Grand Army of the Republic, Theodore Winthrop Post, Chelsea ; of the Robert Lash Lodge, Free Masons, the Shekinah Chapter Royal, Arch Masons, the Napthali Council, and the Palestine Commandery, Knights Templar, all of Chelsea ; a member of the Chelsea Review Club, and of the Grand Army Club, Boston. He was for three successive years (1890-91-92) elected department commander of the Union Veterans' Union, when it included all the New England States, and in 1893 was elected commander-in- chief of that organization. He w-as master of Robert Lash Lodge in 1874-75, and high priest of Shekinah Chapter in 1877-78. Colonel Roberts was married in May, 1859, at Charlestown, to Miss Louisa Southward. They had three chil- dren : Lillian Louise (now Mrs. Alfred J. Hay- man), Gertrude Abbie, Mattie Emma B. (now Mrs. Henry W. .\sbrand). He married second, in 1868, Miss H. Edwina Phelps, of Chelsea. 254 MEN OF PROGRESS. ROBERTS, William Warrkx, of Haverhill, city clerk, is a native of Haverhill, born August 31, 1S66, son of Joseph W. and Medora A. WILLIAM W. ROBERTS. (Felch) Roberts. He is a direct descendant of Governor Thomas Roberts, the emigrant, who settled at Dover Xeck, N.H., about the year 1632. He was educated in the public schools of Haverhill and at Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College in Boston. After his graduation in June, 1884, he entered the office of David B. Tenney, then city clerk of Haverhill, with whom he re- mained until the latter retired from that office in January, 1893. In January, 1892, he was elected auditor and assistant city clerk ; and upon the re- tirement of Mr. Tenney he was elected to the city clerkship, which position he has since held. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity ; of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ; of the Independent Order of Red Men, of which he is a past sachem ; and of the Wachusett Club of Haverhill. In politics he is a Republican. He was married April 17, 1889, to Miss Alice M. Day, of Haverhill. 1851, the eldest son of Charles Theodore Russell and Sarah Elizabeth ( Ballister) Russell. He re- moved to Cambridge in 1876, and has since resided there. He was educated in the public schools of Cambridge, and graduated at Harvard College in 1873. He studied law with the firm of C. T. iS: T. H. Russell, in Boston, and graduated from the Law School of Boston University in 1875. He was admitted to the Boston bar May 15, 1875, and became a partner in the firm of C. T. l\: T. H. Russell, at No. 27 State Street, and continued to practise law as a member of that firm until January i, 1894, when the firm dis- solved, and he formed with his brother, William E. Russell, the law firm of Russell & Russell, E.xchange Building. In 1884 he was appointed one of the civil service commissioners of Massa- chusetts, and has continued under successive re- appointment to hold that office, and since 1889 has been the chairman of the commission. In 1885 he was appointed by the Legislature editor of " Contested Election Cases before the Legisla- ture," and still occupies that position. In 1889 he was appointed by the court one of the exam- C. T. RUSSELL, Jr. iners of applicants for admission to the SuiYolk RUSSELL, Charles Theodore, Jr., member bar, and for three years has been chairman of of the SutTolk bar, was born in Boston, April 20, the board. He is a Democrat in politics, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 255 has never been nianied. He is a member of the Union, University, and St. Botolph clubs in Boston, and several other social, literary, and yachting associations. SANDERS, WiLLi.\M, of New Bedford, mer- chant, is a native of Rhode Island, born in the town of Warren, December 10, 1843, son of Henry and Martha B. (Viall) Sanders. He is of English ancestry, and is the owner of a coat-of- arms granted to one of his ancestors, dated 1522. WM. SANDERS. His great-grandfather, on the maternal side, served as a captain in the war of the Re\-olution ; and the latter's commission is now in his hands. The family moved to New Bedford when William Sanders was a boy of fourteen years ; and he was educated there in the public schools, graduating from the High School. He began business life as a clerk in the post-office of Quincy, where he spent two years. Then he went to Boston, and had several years' experience in the wholesale clothing business. In February, 1866, he started out for himself, opening a retail clothing store in New Bedford. After conducting this successfully for twelve years alone, he admitted his brother, H. V. Sanders, to partnership, under the firm name of Sanders Brothers. This firm was dissolved in 1 88 1, and was succeeded by that of .Sanders & Barrows, which in time gave place to a corpora- tion, formed in 1894, under the name of the Sanders & Barrows Clothing Company, with Mr. Sanders as treasurer and general manager. The business has steadily grown from the modest start in 1866, and it is now the largest clothing busi- ness in the State south of Boston. Mr. Sanders has served in the Legislature as a member of the lower house two terms (1879-80), and he has been Bristol County commissioner since i88g. He has served also in the State militia, captain of Com- pany E, First Regiment, for nine years, — from 1876 to 1881, and from 1886 to 1891. He be- longs to the order of Odd Fellows, a member of the Acushnet Lodge, New Bedford ; to the Royal Arcanum (regent of Omega Council) ; the Grand Army of the Republic, member of Post I ; and the \\"amsutta and Dartmouth clubs, New Bedford. He has for some years been connected with the New Bedford Board of Trade, and is now (1894) one of the directors of the organization. In poli- tics he is a Republican. He has long been active in municipal affairs, and has been asked many times to stand as candidate for mayor, but always declined on account of business interests. He is well known all over Bristol County, his duties as county commissioner taking him to nearly every town in the county. Mr. Sanders was married November 6, 1866, to Miss Lucretia C. Cannon, of New Bedford. They have no chil- dren. SANFORI), Ai.i'HKi's, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in North Attleborough, July 5, 1 85 6, son of Joseph B. and Mary C. (Tripp) Sanford. His early education was acquired in tlie public schools of his native town and of Mel- rose, to which his father moved when he was a small boy ; and he was fitted for college at the Boston Latin School. His collegiate training was at Bowdoin, from which he graduated in the class of 1876. In college he was president of his class, a member of the Kappa Chapter of Psi Upsilon, and captain of the college base-ball nine. He read law in the office of Joseph Nick- erson, Boston, and was admitted to the bar in 1879, when he established himself in Boston, where he has since remained engaged in gen- eral practice. In politics Mr. Sanford is Repub- lican, and early in his career became active in the party organization. He entered public life as a 256 MEN OF PROGRESS. member of the Boston Common Council of 1886. The next year he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature (session of 1888), where he ALPHEUS SANFORD. served as house chairman of the committee on election laws. Returned for the session of 1890, he served that term on the committee on the judiciary, and ranked with the leaders on the Republican side of the House. He was first elected to the Boston Board of Aldermen for the municipal year of 1893 ; and, returned in 1894, was then elected chairman of the board. He was secretary of the Republican ward and city committee of Boston from 1889 to 1892 ; was in 1 89 1 a member of the executive committee of the Republican Club of Massachusetts, and in 1892 secretary of that organization. He is a member also of the Mercantile Library Asso- ciation. Mr. Sanford was married September 20, 1883, in Acushnet, to Miss Mary C. V. Gardiner, daughter of William H. and Charlotte (Read) Gar- diner. 'I'hey have two children: Gardiner (born October 27, 1888) and Hazel Sanford (^born August 18, 1892). Boston, is a native of New Hampshire, born in New Durham, May 9, 183 1, son of Isaac B. and Mary (Garlandj Shaw. His early training was in the country school during the winter months, and in the open seasons on the farm or in assist- ing his father, who was a builder. Subsequently he spent three terms at the Wolfeborough Acad- emy, on the shore of Lake Winnepesaukee, graduating in 1849. The winter following he taught two district schools in the neighborhood of his home. .At the age of twenty he came to Boston to follow his trade of a carpenter and builder. Here he early became noted for origi- nality and advanced ideas in mechanical con- struction, and built up a substantial business. In 1865 he formed a partnership with John W. Morrison, under the firm name of Shaw & Mor- rison, which during an existence of many years ranked with the leading carpenters and builders of the city. For twenty years Captain Shaw was also an active and efficient member of the Boston Fire Department, joining it in 1852, under Chief William Barnicoat. He rose rapidly in rank through the various grades to foreman, and in LEVI W. SHAW. 1871 was elected by the city council an assist- SHAW, Captain Levi Woodkurv, of the De- ant engineer under Chief John S. Damrell, which partment for the Inspection of Buildings, city of position he held until the department was placed MEN OF PROGRESS. 257 under the board of fire commissioners fin Octo- ber, 1873), and reorganized. Then, declining the position of district chief engineer offered liiiii by the new commissioners, he withdrew from the service. In the " (Jreat Fire" of 1872 he was one of thief I )anirell's most trusted lieutenants. He has been connected with the Department for the Inspection of Buildings since January, 1878, when, at the solicitation of his former chief, who had been placed at the head of the department, he accepted the position of assistant inspector. In 1886 he was promoted to the charge of the sub-department known as the " egress depart- ment," as " supervisor of egress, " which is charged with the inspection of apartment houses, hotels, theatres, manufactories, and other build- ings, in which numbers of persons are congre- gated, and the enforcement of the laws and regulations for the protection of life. Captain Shaw is prominent in the order of Odd Fellows, is a Knight of Honor, past grand warden of the New England Order of Protection, of which he was one of the founders, and prominent in other orders. He was married in Boston, March 12, 1853, to Miss Margarette T. Keating. They have had three daughters, all of whom have won distinction in their special fields of professional work : the eldest, Mary Shaw, is the talented actress ; the second, Helen A., is a popular writer of prose and poetry in leading journals: and the third, Margarette Evelyn (now Mrs. Ingersoll), is also a frequent contributor to the magazines and newspapers of the day. SHEDD, William Elliot, of Boston, leather merchant, was born in Bridgewater, .\pril 12, 1850, son of Joel and Eliza (Edson) Shedd. He is a descendant of the historical family of Edsons, of Bridgew-ater. His education was acquired in public schools in Bridgewater and Boston, and in private schools in Brockton and Waltham. His training for active life was begun in the ma- chine shop of his brother, George F. Shedd, in Waltham, which he entered at seventeen years of age. After one year of practical work here he went into the office of another brother, J. Herbert Shedd, civil engineer, Boston, where he was em- ployed another year. Then his connection with the leather business began as a clerk with Field, Converse, & Co., Boston. A year later he be- came a salesman and book-keeper for Otis Doyle iS; Co., Boston, with whom he remained for three or four years. For the next two years he was in charge of the finished leather depart- ^W^ WM. E. SHEDD. ment of the Boston house of Coon, Crocker, & Co. ; and thereafter was with the house of Dewson, Williams, & Co. till 1888, when he established the present successful house of Shedd & Crane, commission merchants in sole and upper leather. For twenty-one years he was a justice of the peace. He has been long connected with the Masonic order, and is now a member of Monitor Lodge, Waltham. He is an active mem- ber of the Piety Corner Club of Waltham, and also a member of the New England Shoe and Leather Association of Boston. Mr. Shedd was married in January, 1875, to Miss Ellen A. Fiske, of Waltham. They have two sons : Irving Elliot and William Chester Shedd. SHELDON, Joseph Henry, of Haverhill, real estate interests, is a native of Haverhill, born February 12, 1843, son of Samuel and Emily B. (Sleeper) Sheldon. He descends in the direct line from Isaac Sheldon, one of three brothers, who came from England to this country about 1630. One of his ancestors was General Israel 258 MEN OF PROGRESS. Putnam who led at I'unker Hill, and his maternal ffreat-grandfather was a lieutenant in the Revolu- tion. His father was born in Danvers in 1S19, and his mother in Alton, N.H., in 1818. He was educated in the common schools of Haver- hill, and was early at work, being but twelve years of age when his father died and the care of the family fell largely upon him, with the advice and assistance of his admirable mother. His first employment was in a shoe manufactory in Haver- hill, where he remained a short time. Then he became a clerk in a dry-goods store, and in 1857 a clerk in the rcad\-made clothing business, in JOSEPH H. SHELDON. which he continued for thirteen years. In 187 1 he began business in the same line on his own account, and prospered. In 1890 he retired, and engaged in real estate operations and the manage- ment of estates. He was a member of the Board of Aldermen in 1882 and 1883, and subsequently chairman of the first board of registration, resign- ing the latter position before his term was com- pleted, to accept the office of mayor of the city, to which he was elected for 1885. He was re- elected to the mayoralty in 1887. His first year as mayor was marked by the construction of sewers and the inauguration of permanent street and road improvements ; and the most note- worthy achievements of his second term were the laying out of Washington Square Park, and fol- low^ing up the same line of work as in 1885. In 1893 he was elected a member of the board of Overseers of the Poor, which position he still retains. On the occasion of the celebration of the 250th anniversary of the incorporation of Haverhill as a town, in 1893, he served as secre- tary of the reception committee. In State and national politics Mr. Sheldon is a Democrat ; and, in religious faith, a Universalist : he attends the First Universalist Church of Haverhill, and is chairman of the parish committee. He is con- nected with the Free Masons, the Odd Fellows, the order of Red Men, and has passed through the official chairs of the latter, and also of the encampment of the order of Odd P"eIlows. He is a trustee of Odd Fellows' Hall Association. He was an original member of the Mayors' Club of Massachusetts, and was a member of its first executive committee in association with ex-Gov- ernor Russell and ex-Mayor Rotch, of New Bed- ford. He was married December 27, 1866, in Haverhill, to Miss Emily E. Jaques, daughter of Addison B. Jaques, late treasurer of the Haverhill Savings Bank. SHERMAN, William Frederick, of Law- rence, agent of the Atlantic Cotton Mills, is a native of Rhode Island, born in Hopkinton, May 28, 1S48, son of William A. and Mary Collins (Kenyon) Sherman. He received a thorough common-school education in district schools, the Union High School of Central Falls, R.I., and the Lonsdale High of Lonsdale, R.I., finishing with a special private technical course under Pro- fessor Joseph M. Ross, a graduate of Amherst Col- lege. His first work was as a clerk in a country savings-bank before he had finished his school- ing. The long summer vacations were afterward devoted to work of various sorts, — in jewelry shops, on a farm, in machine-shops, assisting surveyors. At the age of seventeen he taught a large country school for four months. At eighteen he practised surveying while attending school, and at all favorable opportunities ob- tained practical information on mill problems and work, from his father, who was a '•mill man." At nineteen he entered the employ of the Lons- dale Company, Lonsdale, R.I., engaging to do their draughting and surveying and to learn the MEN OF PROGRESS. 259 cotton manufacturing business. He was with this company for nearly four years. From Janu- ary to August, 187 1, he was making (h'awings W. F. SHERMAN. for the Granite Mills of Fall River. Then he established himself in Fall River, opening an office for mill engineering and civil engineering, and soon had a very large practice within and without the city. From 1875 to 1887 he was in the employ of the Boston Manufacturers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company, as an expert engineer, making descriptions and valuations of manufact- uring property; and in 1887 he came to Law- rence as agent of the widely known Atlantic Cotton Mills, which position lie has since held. He is a member of the Lawrence Board of Trade, president of the organization in 1890. Mr. Sherman is not a club man, nor a member of anv of the secret fraternal organizations ; and he has neither held nor sought public place. He is in politics a Republican. He was married May 8, 1872, to Miss Martha Gertrude Greene, of Rhode Island. They have three children : Alice L., Charles G., and Harold F. Sherman. 1851, son of Perez and Adeline (Jones) Simmons. He is a lineal descendant of Moses Simmons (originally spelled Moyses Symonzon), who came to Duxbury in the first ship to arrive after the " Mayflower " from Leyden, and, through his pater- nal grandmother, of Colonel Benjamin Church who captured King Philip ; and on the maternal side his descent is from John Jones and Sarah (Lapham) Jones, of Welsh stock. His father, Perez Simmons, was for thirty years a prominent lawyer in Plymouth County; one of the leaders of the Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island ; a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Legislature, first in the House and afterwards in the Senate, where he served on the committee on revision of the stat- utes, of whose work the General Statutes of i860 was the result ; and a member of the State Consti- tutional Convention of 1853. John F. Simmons was educated in the public schools, in the Assi- nippi Institute, Phillips (Exeter) Academy, and Harvard College, from which he graduated in the class of 1873. He was class orator, and president of his society in college. He studied law in the Harvard Law School until February, 1875, when he JOHN F. SIMMONS. was admitted to the bar before Judge Aldrich. He SIMMONS, John Franklix, member of the began practice in Abington, in association with Plymouth bar, was born in Hanover, June 26, the late Judge J. E. Keith, under the firm name of 26o MEN OF PROGRESS. Keith & Simmons. 'I'liis relation continued until 1885, when the firm was dissolved ; and he became a partner of Harvey H. Pratt, under the name of Simmons & Pratt. In 1890 the firm established its Boston office, and has since practised in that city. One of his most notable cases was the McNulty will case, which took him to Europe in 1888. He was receiver of the Abington National Bank (appointed in August. 1886), and closed up his work in six months, the quickest settlement on record, it is the only case in which a national bank went on, after being in receivers' hands, with the same charter and number. He is now a director of this bank. For eight years he was president of the South Scituate Savings Bank. He was a prominent candidate for the Superior Court judgeship wlien Judge Corcoran was ap- pointed in 1893, having, it is said, as strong a petition as was ever presented. While a resident of Hanover, he was a member of the School Com- mittee for fifteen years. In politics he is a Demo- crat. He is a Knight Templar of the Old Colony Commandery, Abington ; and is a member of the Old Colony Club of Plymouth. Mr. Simmons was married January 10, 1S77, to Miss Fanny Florence Allen (a descendant of Tristram Coflin, who came from England to Nantucket, and of the family to which Benjamin Franklin's mother belonged, of Professor Maria Mitchell's family, and of the Folgers and Coffins of Nantucket). They have three children : Henry Franklin, Mary Folger, and Perez Simmons. SIMPSON, James Rae, of Lawrence, merchant, was born in Stanstead, Canada, January 4, 1832, son of Donald and Helen (Rae) Simpson. His early years were spent on a farm, the winter months at school, which was several miles distant from his home, and reached not infrequently by a hard trudge over unbroken roads. His education was finished at the Stanstead Academy, from which he graduated at the age of fifteen. After teaching a country school for four winters, he came to the United States in pursuit of em- ployment. He was some time employed in a furniture store in Boston, next worked awhile in a Lowell mill, for a longer period in the print works at Manchester, N.H., where he became an overseer, and in the spring of 1853 came to Law- rence, which has since been his home. Here, after working a few seasons in the Pacific and the Atlantic mills, he entered the grocery business in the employ of Shattuck Brothers, and in 1858 engaged in this branch of trade with Alfred A. Lamprey, under the firm name of A. A. Lamprey & Co., which continued for twenty years. Then he purchased his partner's interest; and he has since conducted the business alone, of late years with his son, a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as assistant. His profits were early invested in real estate, and he now owns much valuable property in the city. He was one of the promoters of the Merchants' Na- tional Bank building and of the building erected JAMES R. SIMPSON. for the United Order of Pilgrim Fathers, two fine structures on the main business street of Law- rence. He is president and director of the Mer- chants' National Bank, an active member of the Lawrence Board of Trade, and president of the Pilgrim Fathers' Hall Association. He was a member of the Lawrence Common Council in 1863, and mayor of the city in 1878-79-80-85, the only person who has held the office for four terms. At the close of his fourth term he de- clined a renomination, and retired with an ad- mirable record and undiminished popularity. He is identified with many societies of a social and benevolent nature ; is a past master of the Gre- MEN OF PROGRESS. 261 cian Lodge of Masons, and has been its treasurer since 1867 ; a member of the Mt. Sinai Royal Arch Chapter, member of Bethany C'ommand- ery, Knights Templar ; and member of the Home Club. Mr. Simpson was married April, 1859, to Miss Julia H. Coan, of Exeter, Me. They have two children now living : Nellie M. and James E. Simpson. SMITH, (William) Dexter, (Jr.), of Boston, journalist, writer of popular lyrics, and playwright, is a native of Salem, born November 14, 1839, son of William D. and Lucy Ann (White) Smith. He is of Scotch-English ancestry. At the time of his birth his father was an inn-keeper and farmer. His education was acquired at the Epes Gram- mar and the English High Schools of Salem ; and at the age of twenty he came to Boston, where he attended Comer's Commercial College, receiv- ing at the close of his course a book-keeper's diploma. For a year or two he was book-keeper in the store of his father, then established at No. 18 Faneuil Hall Square, under the firm name of William D. Smith & Co., at the same time teaching evenings in the Pitts Street free evening school ; and in i860 he entered the service of the United States as clerk in the Boston post- office (1860-64), still continuing his work at the evening school, which covered four years (1859-63). At about this time he began con- tributing to local periodicals, among them Glca- soh's ricforial, the Saturday Evening Gazette, and the Evening Transcript, furnishing both prose and poetry ; and also to write songs. His first song, " She is \\'aiting for Us There," was pub- lished by Russell & Patee in 1862, while he was connected with the post-office ; and it was immedi- ately added to the repertory of " Buckley's Sere- naders," who sang it thousands of times. Next came " Follow the Drum " (1863) and other stirring war-songs, — " Hurrah for the Old Flag," " Stand by the Banner of Columbia," " Union and Liberty," and many others, which at once became popular in the army, on the march, and by the camp-hre. With the close of the war appeared "Columbia is Free" (1865), originally sung at the Boston Museum by T. ISL Hunter, and " Our Victorious Banner." Then followed numerous ballads, several of which became household words. Among these " Ring the Bell Softly, there's Crape on the Door" (1866: set by E. N. Catlin\ " Cross and Crown " (also 1866), sung at scores of funeral services by Joseph L. White, the famil- iar cradle song, " Put me in my Little Bed " (1870), so well known by the children a genera- tion ago, "Singing Baby to Sleep," " Where the Little Feet are Waiting," and " Darling Minnie Lee," have enjoyed the widest popularity, reach- ing sales of thousands of copies. His " Ring the Bell Softly, there's Crape on the Door," was recited at the memorial services in commemora- tion of the late Hon. Thaddeus Stevens in Con- gress, December 17, 1868, by Congressman Ashley. These and other songs appeared in DEXTER SMITH. rapid succession ; and in a comparatively few years the number of Mr. Smith's lyrics had reached five hundred, the list of titles alone filling twelve pages of the catalogue of the library of the British Museum. Several of them have been reproduced in England, and " Ring the Bell Softly " has been translated into foreign languages. His success in this field is due to his faculty of reaching the heart of the general public. " His songs have won their way," W. S. B. Mathews, the eminent critic and musi- cal writer, has said, " because they possess the qualities of simplicity and graceful sentiment, which appeal strongly to the average .\merican." 262 MEN OF PROGRESS. Many of Mr. Smith's lyrics have found their way to England, and have been set to music and pub- lished in that country. Among his song-poems thus complimented have been : " Do not \\ound the Heart that Loves Thee," and "Baby's gone to Sleep'" (set by Sir Julius Benedict, and published in London); "Our Victorious Banner"' (set by Sir Robert Prescott Stewart, of Dublin): "On Rosy \\'ings the Summer comes '" (set by Franz Abt, of Germany, composer of " When the Swal- lows Homeward fly"); "Tell me not that I'll Forget thee" (set by Carl Rosa, London); and others. In 1865 Mr. Smith became clerk in the music store of G. 1 ). Russell & Co., then at No. 126 Tremont Street, and soon after took up the work of editor of musical publications, his first editorial duties being in connection with The Orpheus (1867). Since that time he has been continuously engaged as editor and in other departments of journalism. Among these periodi- cals have been The Folio (1869-71), Dexter Smith's Paper (1872-77), and The Musical Record (1878-1894) ; and his editorial services have been employed, largely as musical and dramatic critic, on The Commonwealth, The Beacon, and other Boston journals during long periods. He has also served as correspondent of the London Or- chestra, and of numerous musical journals in this country. His first dramatic work was upon a version of " Cinderella," which was brought out at the Continental Theatre, Boston (1866). Later he wrote upon " Revels " (produced by Willie Edouin); then " Zanita," produced at the Boston Theatre (1884), where it had a long run, and was subsequently brought out Ln the other large cities of the country. He has also made a successful libretto for " Uncle Tom's Cabin," which has been performed in various New England cities, as well as adaptations of " Boccaccio," first pro- duced by the Boston Ideal Opera Company at the Boston Theatre (1880), "The Musketeers," and others. He has written numerous odes for no- table occasions, — the Dedication Ode sung at the opening of Selwyn's Theatre, Boston (1867), the Dedication Ode sung at the opening of the Cen- tennial Exhibition at Philadelphia (1876), that sung at the unveiling of the Army and Navy Monument, Boston Common (1877), and the ode for the centennial celebration of the Stoughton Musical Society (1886), the oldest musical society in the country : and he has published several books, among them " De.xter Smith's Poems " (Boston: G. D. Russell & Co., 1868), "Blanks and Prizes," comedietta (Boston: Spencer & Co., 1869). and "Cyclopaedia of Boston" (Boston: Cashin & Smith, 1886). He has in preparation a small vohnne of graceful sonnets of late years contributed by him to the periodical press, mostly to the columns of the Boston Transcript and Jour- nal. Mr. Smith was a member of the musical committee of the World's Peace Jubilee, Boston ; serv^ed on the committee on Poor Children's E.\- cursions 1875-82 ; and has taken part in other popular movements. He has been identified with Boston since he moved here from Salem, his fre- quent trips abroad only increasing his fondness for the former city, adding largely also to his original patriotic and genuine Americanism of thought and feeling. He has been connected with the Masonic order since 1873, a member of the Revere Lodge, Boston. In politics he was a Republican in early life, latterly becoming an Independent. He has never held public or other office, always declining to serve in such stations, which have no attraction for him. He is un- married. SOULE, RuFUS Albertson, of New Bedford, manufacturer, was born in Mattapoisett, Plymouth County, March 16, 1839, son of Thomas Howard and Margaret Albertson (Dunham) Soule. He is a direct descendant of George Soule, who came over in the "Mayflower," and, through his mother, of the -Albertsons and Dunhams, who were among the earliest families in Plymouth. His maternal great-grandfather, George Dunham, was an officer in the Revolutionary War, and his grandfather, George Dunham, an officer in the War of 181 2. Thomas Howard, for whom his father was named, was the originator of the Howard family in this country, and came over in 1634. Rufus .■\. Soule received a good education in the public schools in New Bedford, and an excellent training for busi- ness life. He began upon leaving school as a clerk in a boot and shoe store, and for eight years he was a salesman with the LTnion Boot and Shoe Company of New Bedford. When the Civil War broke out, he enlisted in Company E, Third Regi- ment, Massachusetts "Volunteers, and contributed his share to a remarkable family war record, — each of his three brothers also serving in the war, one in the cavalry, one in the artillery, and one in the navy. All passed through unscathed save MEN OF PROGRESS. 263 one, — Henry Warren Soule, who was killed in action at Gettysburg. In October. 1865, Mr. Soule entered business on his own account, form- ing a copartnership with Savory C. Hathaway for the manufacture of shoes, Mr. Hathaway having started the business about two months earlier, under the style of S. C. Hathaway & Co. At the RUFUS A. SOULE. beginning the business was small, emplo\ing but tive or si.\ hands. In 1866 the style of the firm became Hathaway & Soule, and it so continued till 1876, when Herbert A. Harrington, of Boston, was admitted, and it was changed to Hathaw-ay, Soule, & Harrington. In June, 1890, the firm became a stock company, under the title of Hatha- way, Soule, & Harrington Incorporated, with Mr. Hathaway as president, Mr. Soule vice-president, and Mr. Harrington treasurer, and the three con- stituting the board of directors. The business has gradually grown until for the year ending June I, 1893, the sales of the corporation had reached nearly a million and a half. Its factories are now in New Bedford and Middleborough, the main office in Boston, and salesroom also in New York ; and it is interested in retail stores in New- York City, Washington, Chicago, St. Louis, and in several New England cities, — Boston, Springfield, New London, Conn., and Bridgeport, Conn. In addition to this extensive business Mr. Soule is interested in the City and the Bristol manufactur- ing corporations (a director of each), is vice-presi- dent of the New Bedford Safe Deposit and Trust Company, president of the Acushnet Co-operative Bank, director of the New Bedford Co-operative Bank, president of the New Bedford Board of Trade. He has served in the New Itedford city government, member of the Common Council in 1869-70-71-74-75, and president of the body in 1874; was a member for New Bedford in the Legislature of 1878 and 1879, serving both terms on the committee on railroads ; and is now chair- man of the Board of License Commissioners of New Bedford, appointed for the term of si.x years from the first Monday in June, 1894. Upon his appointment to the latter office the New Bed- ford Mercury remarked that he is of " the right stamp of man to hold public office. . . . He is honest and courageous, devoted to what he be- lieves to be right, and fearless in his words and acts." He is a member of the Loyal Legion ; is past commander of the R. A. Peirce Post, 190, Grand Army of the Republic (a delegate from the Massachusetts Encampment to the Na- tional Encampment in Pittsburg, Penn., Septem- ber, 1894); member of the Sutton Commandery, Knights Templar, the Adoniram Royal Arch Chapter, and Star in the East Lodge of Masons of the Wamsutta and Dartmouth clubs of New- Bedford, and the Saturday Night Club of Hyannis. Mr. Soule was married August 28, i860, to Miss Susan Nesmith, of Bucksport, Me. They have had three children: Margaret Howard (now- wife of Dr. Garry de N. Hough), Lois M. (wife of Alexander T. Smith), and Rufus A. Soule, Jr. STETSON, George Ripley, of New Bedford, president of the New Bedford Gas and Edison Light Company, is a native of Connecticut, born in Brooklyn, Windham County, May n, 1837, son of James A. and Dolly (Witter) Stetson. On his father's side he is descended from Robert Stetson, who was commissioned as cornet in 1658 or 1659 of the first Horse Company raised in Plymouth Colony; and on his mother's side the famil\- descent is from the first settlers in the north- eastern part of Connecticut, and commissions from George III. to his grandfathers Witter are now- among the family possessions. The present home- stead of the family has been in their possession 264 MEN OF I'ROGRESS. from aljout the time of the original grants of land by the English government. His father moved from Brooklyn, Conn., to Northampton, Mass., in 1843, and, returning to Brooklyn in 1847, occu- pied the homestead farm, where, between farm work and school, the boy's time was spent till his eighteenth year. His education was attained in the common schools and in an academy at Hampton, Conn. He began work for his trade as a ma- chinist on the first of January, 1856, under Hiram Wells at Florence, Mass., and completed his GEO. R. STETSON. apprenticeship at the works of the American Machine Company in Springfield, in February, 1859. The spring of 1861 found him at work as a journeyman mechanic in Wallingford, Conn., having been thrown out of employment as a ma- chinist by the general depression that preceded the Civil War. Subsequently lie returned to Northampton, and during the war carried through contracts in gun-work there, and also in New Haven and in Trenton, N.J. In the autumn of 1863 he entered the employment of O. F. Win- chester, of the \\'inchester Arms Company, where he remained ten years approximately, including a trip to Brazil in 1868 during the war with Para- guay, at which time he was in charge of arms and ammunition consigned to the Brazilian govern- ment. I'hese arms were probably the first consid- erable number of breech-loading guns introduced into South America. For most of the time spent with the Winchester Arms Company he had charge of the ammunition department. This was a comparatively new industry, and during his con- nection with it new machines and processes were frequently developed. Many of the methods in present use were of his invention. In May, 1873, Mr. Stetson came to New Bedford, and assumed mechanical charge of the Morse Twist Drill and Machine Company, with which he continued as superintendent till July, 1890. During this time the industry grew from one of comparatively small consequence to one of the largest in its line of manufacture. On the last-mentioned date he re- signed, to take his present ofhce of president and general manager of the New Bedford Gas and Edison Light Company. In addition to the duties of this office he is president of the New Bedford Co-operative Bank, president of the Union Boot and Shoe Association, and director of the Board of Trade. He served as alderman during the administration of the Hon. Abram Howland as mayor in 1875 ^^'^ 1876 ; and was a member of the Water Board for five years, declining a re-elec- tion at the close of the second term. He is a member of the several Masonic orders, and served as treasurer of the Royal Arch Chapter for a term of years. He was also president of the Republi- can Club of New Bedford during the Harrison campaign of 1888. Mr. Stetson married in No- \ember, 1859, Miss Ellen M. Stall, of Hadley. They have had seven children, five of whom are now living : George A., Ellen M., May E., James A., and Jane ^^'. Stetson. STEVENS. Ch.^rles Godfrey, of Clinton, member of the bar and ex-judge of the district court, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Claremont, September 16, 182 1, son of Godfrey and Hannah (Pool) Stevens. His father was also a native of Claremont, born there September 10, 1796, and died there September 18, 1842, a merchant and manufacturer, member of the New Hampshire Legislature, moderator of town meet- ings for many years, and a delegate to the con- vention at Harrisburg, Penn., which nominated A\'illiam Henry Harrison for president. His mother was a daughter of Captain William W. Poole, of Hollis, N.H., a farmer, trader, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 265 manufaLiuiLT. He attended a preparatory school and Kimball Union Academy, Merulen, N.H. ; and graduated from Dartmouth College in the (.'linton. The onl\- society to which he belongs is that of the Sons of the American Revolution. He was married .September 29, US46, to Miss Laura A. Russell, daughter of F.li and Hepzibeth (Floyd) Russell, a descendant on her father's side of James Russell (born 17 10, died 1784), origi- nally of Wellington, Conn., later of Walpole, N.H.; and on her mother's side of Benjamin Floyd, born in Boston in 1738, and died in Walpole, N.H., in 1812. Their children living are: Edward Godfrev and Ellen Kate Stevens. STRATTON, Charles Carroll, of Fitchburg, of the Sentinel Printing Company, is a native of \'ermont, born in the town of Fairlee, August 22, 1829, son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Sturtevant) Stratton. His father was a farmer, and a leading citizen of the town, representing it in the Legisla- ture and holding various positions of trust. He was educated in the district school and at the Thetford Academy. At the age wf-seventeen he left home to learn the printer's trade. After serving his apprenticeship in the office of the CHAS. G. STEVENS class of 1840. He read law with ITpham lS: Snow, Claremont, N.H., and was admitted to the bar in 1843, ^^ Claremont. In 1845 he moved to Massachusetts, and began practice in Clinton. In 1853 he was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention ; in 1862 a member of the State Senate ; and in 1862-63 a draft com- missioner for Worcester County by appointment of Governor Andrew. He was appointed judge of the Second Eastern Worcester District Court in 1874, and held this position till 1882. Judge Stevens has also been long identified with banking interests in Clinton. He assisted in organizing the Clinton Savings Bank, in 185 1, and has been for many years solicitor and secretary and trustee of the institution. He was also one of the or- ganizers of the First National Bank in 1864, and has been its president from its establishment ; and he has been a director of the Merchants' and Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company since 1876. In politics he was a Daniel Webster Whig, and afterward became a Republican ; and in religious faith he is an Episcopalian, senior warden of the Church of the Good Shepherd, in C. C. STRATTON. Democratic Republican at Haverhill, N.H., he went to Newbury, Vt., wliere he worked some time at his trade in the office of the Aurora of the 266 MEN OF PROGRESS. Valley. Subsequently he went to Boston, and worked several months there in the old Franklin Printing-office, and thence to New York, where he was employed in the Methodist Book Concern. Then in September, 1854, he came to Fitchburg, and entered the printing-office of the Sentinel, at that time a small weekly paper, with which he has been connected ever since, with the e.xception of a few months when he was serving in the Civil War, attached to the Second Massachusetts Cavalry, and in the Christian Commission at City Point, Va. In March, 1867, he purchased a half- interest in the establishment, and si.x years later, entering into partnership with John E. Kellogg, began the publication of the Daily Sentinel, the first number bearing date of May 6, 1873. The venture proved a success, and the business of the partners steadily increased and expanded. In 1 88 1 the daily and the weekly were both en- larged ; another increase in the size of the sheets was made in 1885, a third in 1886, a fourth in 1890, when the change from the folio to the quarto was made, and a fifth in 1892, the Sentinel \\\&n becoming an eight-page paper of seven columns each, printed on a perfecting press. The Sentinel has been an important factor in the development of Fitchburg, and devoted to the interests of Central Massachusetts. Mr. Stratton is a mem- ber of the order of Odd Fellows and of the Knights of Honor, and belongs to the Fitchburg Board of Trade and the Fitchburg Historical Society. In politics he is Republican. He was married June 11, 1873, to Miss Maria S. Putnam, daughter of John and Sophronia C. Putnam, of Fitchburg. 'I'hey have one child: Louise S. Stratton. Ebenezer Webster, and established a grocery busi- ness of his own, which flourished for several years. After the dissolution of this partnership he en- TAYLOR, Oliver, of Haverhill, merchant, mayor of the city 1893-94, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Atkinson, in 1827, son of Oliver and Lettice (Page) Taylor. His education was acquired in the public schools and at the Atkinson Academy. He began active life as a farmer, which occupation he pursued till the year 1852, when he moved to Haverhill to engage in business. Selecting the grocery trade, he entered the store of Currier & Taylor as a clerk, with the intention thoroughly to learn its details. After spending some time here, and a longer period in a similar capacity in the store of John Davis, he entered into partnership with OLIVER TAYLOR. tered the clothing trade, in partnership with his brother, Levi Taylor (mayor of Haverhill in 1872, re-elected 1873, but declined on account of ill- health), under the firm name of Le\-i & Oliver Taylor. Subsequently Martin Taylor was ad- mitted to the partnership, and the unique style of "The Three Taylors," by which the firm has since been known, was then adopted. The establishment was rapidly developed, and it is now one of the largest houses in its line of busi- ness in Essex County. In 1878 Mr. Taylor also became a member of the firm of Taylor, Goodv^'in, & Co., now the largest coal and lumber dealers in Haverhill. Besides these interests he is con- cerned in the Amesbury Carriage Company, of which he is a director, in the Merrimac Valley Steamboat Company, a director ; he is president and director of the Essex National Bank, di- rector of the Citizens' Co-operative Bank, and of the Pentucket Savings Bank ; and a large owner of Haverhill real estate. For a long period he has been prominent in town affairs. He has been a member of the local Board of Overseers of the Poor for upwards of thirty years; was an MEN OF PROGRESS. 267 alderman in 1S73 ; was first elected mayor for 1893, nominated in mass caucus, by a good majority after a sharp contest, and was returned for 1894 by a majority of 1,205. In 1876 and 1877 he represented his district in the lower house of the Legislature, serving the first term as chairman of the State House committee, and as a member of important committees during his second term. Mr. Taylor was married November 12, 1857, to Miss Mary E. Fellows, daughter of Samuel Fel- lows, of Haverhill. They have one daughter : Edith Taylor. TRL^ELL, BvRON, of Lawrence, merchant, is a native of Vermont, born in St. Johnsbury, No- vember 23, 1834, son of George \V. and Fanny (Whitcomb) Truell. He received his early educa- cation in public schools at Barnston, P.Q., and graduated from Stanstead Academy, P.Q., in 1854. At the age of nineteen he came to Law- rence, and entered the dry-goods store of A. \\'. Stearns & Co. as merchant's clerk. Here he re- mained till 1858, when he formed a partnership with George H. Eailev, under the firm name of the firm of Byron Truell cS: Co., which still con- tinues. His success in business has been marked. In 1867 he remodelled and enlarged his store, and added the carpet department. In 1 88 1 he made an extensive tour in Europe, inspecting thoroughly the foreign market, and making connections that have proved very lucra- tive. In 1883 he again enlarged his quarters by taking down the old store and rebuilding in the most modern style of business architecture, and his present establishment is in e.xtent and richness one of the finest in his section of the State. He is a director of the Pacific National Bank, and president of the Lawrence Board of Trade. His public life began in the Lawrence city government as member of the Common Coun- cil of 1865. In 1875 and 1876 he represented his city in the lower house of the Legislature, where he served on the important committees on labor statistics (chairman) and on mercantile affairs. In 1877 and 1878 he was a State senator, serving both terms as chairman of the joint committee on prisons, and in 1878 as chairman of the committee on mercantile affairs. In 1888 he was alternate delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago. In 1890 and 1891 he was a member of the E.x'ecutive Council, elected from the Sixth Councillor District. He is prominently connected with the Masonic order, a member of the Grecian Lodge, Lawrence, of Mount Sinai Royal Arch Chapter, and of Bethany Commandery of Knights Templar ; and he also belongs to the Royal Ar- canum. The only club with which he is con- nected is the Home Club of Lawrence. Mr. Truell was married September 5, 1859, to Miss Mary E. Armstrong, daughter of William H. and Marv (Hannaford) .\rmstrong, of Lawrence. They have two daughters : (iertrude E. (now Mrs. Albert E. Butler) and Grace L. (now Mrs. George H. Eaton). VOSE, James Whitini;, of Boston, founder and president of the Vose & Sons Pianoforte Com- pany, is a native of Milton, suburb of Boston, the birthplace and working-place of Benjamin Crehore, the builder of the first American piano, in 1798. He was born October 21, 1818, son of Whiting and Mary (Gooch) Vose. His ancestors came from England, and settled originally in Bailey & Truell, and engaged in the same business Milton. He was educated in the public schools on his own account. In 1863 the connection and the Milton Academy, from which he gradu- with Mr. Bailey was dissolved; and he established ated with honors in the spring of 1834. Immedi- ^#t *-t^ BYRON TRUELL. 268 MEN OF PROGRESS. ately after leaving school, on the yth of April, he was apprenticed to learn the cabinet-maker's trade. He worked at this trade till the autumn of 1839, when on his twenty-first birthday he entered a piano factory as a workman. He soon acquired skill in various departments, and in 1846 began making piano and organ keys on his own account. In this branch of the manufacture he was remarkably successful, and his work was sought by the best manufacturers. But his am- bition was to make the finished piano ; and in 185 1 he started in a small way, completing his first instrument before the close of that year. In JAS. W. VOSE. 1855, in order to devote his attention exclusively to his piano interests, he sold out his key busi- ness, and since that time has been engaged wholly in the development and manufacture of the Vose piano. ' From the first he has followed closely every detail of the work, overseeing each process, constantly experimenting, carefully studying each new principle as it has appeared, and, if satisfied of its worth, promptly adopting it. Under his conduct the manufacture has grown from an out- put of two pianos a week in 1855, from a small factory, to an average of eighty per week in 1892, from one of the largest establishments of its kind in the country, comprising four great buildings, on Waltham and A\'ashington Streets at the .South End, Boston, two of five stories each, one of seven, and one of four stories, with a total floor- age of 129,000 square feet, and an aggregate area under plant of 138,000 square feet. Mr. Vose is a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, of the Ancient and Honor- able Artillery Company, and of the Bostonian Society. In politics he is a Republican, a mem- ber of the Republican Club of Massachusetts, of the Brookline Republican Club, and of the Boston Marketmen's Republican Club ; and in religion he is a Baptist, connected with the Brook- line Baptist Society, and a member of the Baptist Social Union. He was married September 16, 1847, to Miss .\lmira Howe. They have had five children : Francis Childs (deceased), Irving Bond, Willard Atherton, Julien Wallenstein, and Frances Howe Vose. His three sons, Irving, Willard, and Julien, are associated with him in his piano business, the former first entering the factory in 1869, and now in charge of the factory warerooms ; Willard, after serving his apprentice- ship, becoming general superintendent of the fac- tory, and since 1874 the treasurer of the company ; and Julien entering the factory in 1882, and be- coming superintendent of the works in 1889, the year of the incorporation of the company. WALLACE, RonNEv, of Fitchburg, manufact- urer, was born in New Hampshire, in the town of New Ipswich, December 21, 1823, son of David and Roxanna (Gowen) Wallace. He is a lineal descendant of Benoni Wallis, who lived in Lunenberg, Mass., in 1755. He was educated in the common schools, and began business life at the age of sixteen, driving freight teams be- tween Rindge, N.H., and Boston. He continued in this occupation till he was twenty years old, and for the succeeding ten years had the entire charge of selling the then celebrated medicines of Dr. Stephen Jewett throughout New England. Then in 1853 he came to Fitchburg, and entering into partnership with the late Stephen Shepley, under the firm name of Shepley & Wallace, en- gaged in dealing at wholesale in books and stationery, and in paper and cotton waste. This was the beginning of a business which grew to large proportions, and made the firm one of the best known in its trade in New England. In 1865 the firm was dissolved, and the business MEN OF PROGRESS. 269 divided, Mr. Wallace taking the cotton waste department, which he speedily greatly developed. The same year, 1865, with three associates, he founded the Fitchburg Paper Company. Four years later he became the sole owner of the busi- ness, and so remained until 1879, when he ad- mitted his sons, Herbert I. and George R. Wal- lace, to partnership. Since that time new mills have been built, large additions made to the original plant, and comfortable dwellings erected near by for the operatives. Mr. Wallace has also for many years been interested in other corpora- tions. Since 1864, with the exception of one RODNEY WALLACE. year, he has been a director of the Putnam Machine Company ; he has been president and director of the Fitchburg Gas Company for thirty years ; one of the proprietors of the F"itchburg Woollen Mills for seventeen years ; and for a long period a director of the P'itchburg Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of the Fitchburg Railroad Company, of the Parkhill Manufacturing Com- pany, of the Fitchburg National Bank, and a trustee of the Fitchburg Savings Bank. He has held numerous public offices, but in each case the office has sought the man. In 1S64, 1S65, and 1867 he was a selectman of his town ; in 1873 he represented Pitchburg in the General Court, and, although unanimously renominated, declined a re- election on account of ill-health; in 1880-81-82 he was a member of the governor's council ; in 1884 a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago; and in 1889-90 a rep- resentative in Congress of his C'ongressional district. He has liberally aided numerous under- takings for the benefit of the city; and a monu- ment to his munificence and public spirit is the Wallace Library and Art Building, which was erected by him in 1885, at a cost of $84,000, and presented to the city of Fitchburg for a free pub- lic library, reading-room, and art gallery. Since 1878 he has been a trustee of Smith College, Northampton. Mr. Wallace was married Decem- ber I, 1853, to Miss Sophia Ingalls, of Rindge, N.H. She died June 20, 1871, leaving two sons : Herbert I. and George R. Wallace. He married second, December 28, 1S76, Mrs. Sophia P. (Billings) Bailey, of Woodstock, Vt. WARDWELL, Jacob Otis, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Lowell, born March 14, 1857, son of Zenas C. and Adriana S. (Pillsbury) Wardwell. Whtn he was four years old, his par- ents moved to Groveland, and there his boyhood was passed. He was educated in the local schools, the Georgetown High School, and the New London Academy. He studied law in the offices of J. P. & B. B. Jones, of Haverhill, and Samuel J. Elder, of Boston, and in the Boston Plniversity, from which he graduated in the class of 1879. That year he was admitted to the Essex bar, and, taking up his residence in Haverhill, began practice there, forming a partnership with Henry N. Merrill, under the firm name of Merrill & Wardwell. This relation continued till the first of December, 1S91, when Mr. Wardwell withdrew, and established his oflice in Boston, where he has since practised. His specialty is corporation law. He is general counsel for the Edison Electric Illu- minating Company of Boston, and other large corporations, mostly in the electrical business. Early taking an active interest in politics on the Republican side, he became prominent among the younger leaders of his party soon after his estab- lishment in Haverhill. His first service was in the Haverhill Common Council, to which he was elected in 1882. In 1887 he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and through re- elections served five consecutive terms. In his 270 MEN OF PROGRESS. first year he was conspicuous in committee work and prominent in debates : and at tlie beginning of his second term lie was recognized as tlie Re- publican leader on the Hoor, which position he maintained through the remainder of his legisla- tive work. He was twice a candidate for speaker of the House and in the second contest, one of the hardest in the history of the Commonwealth, he was defeated by only two votes. Among the committees on wliicii he ser\ed during his several terms were those on elections (chairman), pro- bate and insolvency, mercantile aflfairs (chairman), the judiciary, and rules (chairman). He was also Knight Templar of Ha\erhill Commandery. Mr. Ward well was married on the 25 th of Decem- ber, US77, to Miss Ella M. Eaton, of Bristol, Vt. Thev have two children : Sheldon E, and Chester .Man U'ardwell. J. OTIS WARDWELL. a member of the special committee to investigate charges of corrupt use of money in the passage of the bill to incorporate the town of Beverly Farms, and chairman of the committee to investigate sim- ilar charges as to the bill for granting franchises for elevated railroads in Boston. He has been a member of the Republican State Committee since 1885, and served as secretary of the com- mittee in 1889, 1890, and 1891, having formerly been assistant secretary for two years. He is president of the Essex Club, president of the Pen- tucket Club of Haverhill, and member of the Wachusett Club ; and he belongs to the Masonic order, past master of the Saggahaw Lodge and WETHERBEE, Is.\.ac Josiah, D.D.S., presi- dent of the Boston Dental College, is a native of Vermont, born in South Reading, March 9, 1817, son of the Rev. Josiah and Abigail (Jones) W'eth- erbee. His father served with distinction in the War of 1812. He was a leading clergyman in the Free Baptist denomination, and died in his ninety- third year, having lived to see the abolition of slavery, for which he labored for fifty years. When a boy, Isaac J. Wetherbee gave marked evi- dence of a genius for mechanical pursuits, in sev- eral feats displaying a large intelligence in the methods of execution. At the age of fifteen he made a verge to a bull's-eye watch from a darning- needle with two common files as tools, and re- ceived a dollar and fifty cents for the job. Then he constructed a cylinder escapement for a Lepine watch without the aid of a watchmaker's lathe, for which he was paid four dollars. He was also suc- cessful in making pistols, and in altering over old riint-locks into percussion-locks. He obtained a fair education in the country schools, and, arriving at manhood, studied for the ministry under his father. He was set apart by ordination to the gospel ministry at North Hampton, N.H., June 2, 1841, and at once began preaching. He held pastorates first at North Hampton, N.H., Kittery, Me., and afterwards in Charlestown, Mass., where he resided in 1845. In 1846 he was obliged by ill-health to relinquish this profession ; and he turned his attention wholly to dentistry, which he had for some years studied and practised among his friends in a private way. He further pursued his studies with the limited text-books then extant, and in 1850 graduated from the Baltimore Dental College, tlie first and the then only dental college in the world, receiving his degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery in February. Establishing liim- self in Boston, he early became prominent in the profession. In 1865 the Boston Dental Insti- tute was organized with seventy members, and he w'as elected its president. This society held meetings monthly, and gave lectures on dental science and allied subjects, till it was superseded by a charter for the Boston Dental College, MEN OF PROGRESS. 271 granted June 3, 186S, when upon tlie foinuil or- ganization of the institution in July following he was made president, with B. B. Perry as secre- tary. This position he has since held, with the exception of four years, from 1869 to 1873 inclu- sive, the first fifteen years also occupying the chair of dental science and operative dentistry. He is now professor of operative dentistry, emeritus. The college was founded for the purpose of giving students a thorough education in dental science, art, and mechanism, which could not be obtained in dental offices, and for the general elevation of dentistry to the rank of a recognized profession. ization of which he opened the way, and a mem- ber of kindred associations. He was j)resident of the New England Dental Society for one year ; treasurer of the American Dental Association for two years ; and president of the American Dental Convention one year. He has been long con- nected with the Washingtonian Home, an incor- porated institution in Boston for the care and cure of inebriates, and is now first vice-president of the corporation. Dr. Wetherbee was married at Pitts- ford, Vt., January 3, 1837, to Miss Sarah Abigail Sheldon, the second daughter of Jacob Sheldon, by whom he had one son, who died in infancy. .-Vfter the demise of his wife in 1870, who was a graduate in medicine, he married again February I, 1872, Miss Myra Woods, of Nashua, N.H., by whom he has had two children : Helen Frances and Irving Josiah Wetherbue, wlio are now living. ISAAC J. WETHERBEE. During its existence of over a quarter of a century, twenty-three years of this long period under Dr. Wetherbee's administration, it has graduated four hundred and ninety-three students with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. Its faculty now (1894) numbers eight professors, and there are fifteen additional instructors. It requires the faithful attendance of students for nine months of the year. Dr. W'etherbee was the first in his pro- fession in Boston to require his office students to remain with him for three years, and to promise to attend subsequently a dental college and grad- uate therefrom. He is an honorary member of the Massachusetts Dental Society, for the organ- \\'KYMOUTH, Geurck Warkkn, of Fitchburg, manufacturer, was born in West Amesbury (now Merrimac), Essex County, August 25, 1850, son of \\'arren and Charity (Fenno) Weymouth. He is of English ancestry, his ancestors first in America coming from Portsmouth, England. He was educated in the public schools of his native town, graduating from the High School. He began active life in the carriage-making trade, and at the early age of twenty- one engaged in the business on his own account. He moved to Fitchburg in 1882, where he established an ex- tensive carriage repository, which he has since successfully carried on. In 1890 he also became general manager of the Simonds Rolling-machine Company, manufacturing bicycle balls, pedal pins, crank axles, and pins for the Westinghouse and other car brakes on a large scale, in which he had been a stockholder since its formation in 1886, and rapidly developed its work, within two years greatly increasing the output of the mill, and quadrupling its business. Besides these in- terests he is actively concerned in numerous other enterprises of more or less magnitude. He is a director and was one of the founders of the Orswell Mills, and of the Nockege Mills, director of the Worcester Society of the .F^tna Life Insur- ance Company, director and one of the promoters of the Fitchburg and Leominster Street Railway Company, director of the Fitchburg National Bank, and trustee of the Fitchburg Savings Bank. During his residence in Fitchburg he has been 272 MEN OF PROGRESS. devoted to its interests, and forwarded various movements which have quickened its develop- ment, especially as a manufacturing centre. He 1 C. W. WEYMOUTH. served one year in the Common Council, and was nominated for alderman, but declined to stand. He has been for some years a leading member of the Fitchburg Board of Trade, and is now (1894) its president, and as such took a prominent part in securing the location of a Normal School in Fitchburg; is a member of the Merchants' Asso- ciation, and of the Park and Athletic clubs of Fitchburg. In politics he is a stanch Republi- can. He was married July 19, 1882, to Miss Emma Josephine Poyen, of Merrimac, Mass. Thev have no children. WHITE, J0NATH.4N, of Brockton, member of the Plymouth bar for nearly half a century, was born in East Randolph (now Holbrook), August 22, 1 8 19, son of Jonathan and Abigail (Holbrook) White. He was educated in the common schools, at several academies, fitting for college at Phillips (Andover) Acadeni)-, being the valedictorian of his class, and at Yale, where he graduated in the class of 1844. which numbered over one hundred, as second in rank. His law studies were pursued at the Harvard Law School, where he spent two years, and in the Boston law office of Richard H. Dana one year. Admitted to the bar in August, 1847, he has practised at Brockton (the town of North Bridge water till 1874) continuously since 1849. As a lawyer, he has enjoyed a large gen- eral practice, was frequently counsel for the town of North Bridgewater, and later was the first city solicitor of Brockton. In important matters he has been frequently consulted by neighboring towns and by corporations and individuals to obtain his legal opinion, which everywhere is recognized as entitled to great weight ; and by both bench and bar he is regarded as a sound and logical thinker and terse and effective writer and speaker. He was a prominent and useful member of the General Court during the sixties and seventies, representing North Bridgewater in the House of Representatives in 1864 and 1866, and a senator for the years 1869, 1877-78-79, and for three years a member of the judiciary committee of the Senate, and 'for the last year was its chairman. He has an active interest in educational matters ; and, as a member of the JONATHAN WHITE. School Committee and of the Committee on the Public Library, he has done much to forward intellectual cultivation in the community. His MEN OF PROGRESS. 273 integrity in professional and private life is un- questioned. He holds a leading position in the First Congregational Church, of which he is a member. Mr. White married May 4, 1849, M'ss Nancy M. Adams, of Holbrook. They have had four daughters : Alice A., Mary, .\nnie F., and Winnifred H. White. has always been a Republican. He was married first, in Exeter, N.H., July, 186S, to Miss Mary A. Warren. She died in July, 1S73. By this mar- WIGGIN, George Win.slow, of Franklin, member of the Norfolk County bar, was born in Sandwich, N.H., March 10, 1841, son of Richard and Mehitable (Beede), the former of whom was descended from Governor Thomas Wigrsin, of Stratham, N.H., and the latter from Governor Winslow, of Plymouth, Mass. His early life was spent upon his father's farm in New Hampshire. His education, obtained almost wholly by his own industry, was begun in the common schools of his native town, and continued in the local academy of the town, the Friends' Boarding School at Providence, R.I., and Phillips (Exeter) Academy, where he completed the four years' course, graduating in 1867. Previous to entering Phillips Academy, he taught school three winters, two in F'almouth and one in Barnstable, Mass. After graduating from that academy, he continued teaching for five years, one as in- structor in mathematics in the Friends' Boarding School, and four as principal of the high school at Wrentham, Mass. He began his law studies while in \\'rentham, reading with the Hon. Samuel Warner, and was admitted to the Norfolk bar in 1872. His first office was in Franklin, where he soon entered upon a good practice. Subse- quently he opened a Boston office, and has since conducted a general law practice there. He was county commissioner for Norfolk County from 1879 to 1894, and chairman of the board from 1885 to 1894. He has served as selectman, assessor, and on the School Board of the town of Franklin. He is also vice-president of the Ben- jamin Franklin Savings Bank and of the Dean Co-operative Bank of Franklin ; and a director and clerk of the Milford, Franklin, & Provi- dence, and the Rhode Island i.'v; Massachusetts Railroad Companies. He has been president of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Protective Association since 1891. He is a prominent member of Masonic fraternities, has been master of his lodge, high priest in the Chapter, and dis- trict deputy in the Grand Lodge. In politics he GEORGE W. WlGGiN. riage were two children, both deceased. He married second, in Stoneham, November, 1878, Miss Mary A. Bryant, formerly preceptress in Goddard Seminary at Barre, Vt., and also of Dean Academy at Franklin. They have one child : Alice \A'iggin. WILBAR, Joseph Edwards, of Taunton, reg- ister of deeds, was born in Taunton, July 9, 1832, son of Joseph and Fanny M. (Lincoln) Wilbar. He is in the eighth generation from Samuel Wilbore, the line of descent running : (2) Shadrach \Mlbor, Sr., (3) Shadrach Wilbor, Jr., (4) Meshach Wil- bor, Sr., (5) George Wilbor, (6) George ^^'ilbar, Jr., (7) Joseph Wilbar, and (8) Joseph E. Wilbar. He was educated in the schools of his native toAvn. At the age of seventeen he entered the office of register of deeds as clerk for his father, for the northern district of Bristol County. He served in that capacity until December, i86i, when he was appointed postmaster of Taunton, which position he held for more than four years. Tlien he re- turned to the register of deeds office as clerk and assistant register, and continued in that relation 74 MEN OF PROGRESS. uiUil Jamuiry, 1874, when lie was elected register this office covering forty years); and his appren- of deeds to take his father's place. He has held ticeship was thorough. Subsequently he rose the position since that time. He has been a trus- through the various stages to the position of as- sistant foreman which he held for a long period. In 1889, after twenty-five years' continuous ser- vice, he came into possession of the Winchester S/d/-. through purchase, and had the distinction of printing the first newspaper printed in the town. Through perseverance and hard work he has suc- ceeded in placing the S/nr in the front ranks of suburban journals. He was for twelve years con- nected with .the State militia, a member of Com- pany K., First Regiment, first lieutenant for three years (1873-74-75). He is a Freemason, mem- ber of the Royal Arch Chapter, Woburn, and the William Parkman Lodge, \\inchester ; an Odd Fellow, belonging to the Waterfield Lodge ; a member of the Royal Arcanum, of the Mystic \'alley Club, the Suburban Press Association, and the Village Improvement Society of Winchester. In politics he is a Republican, but not active per- sonally in or out of his editorial work. He was married November 29, 1876, to Miss Ella Kath- arine Tupper, of Cambridge, who was among the first of " women reporters " in Boston to report JOSEPH E. WILBAR. tee of the Bristol County Savings Bank since 1874, and president of the institution since January, 1882. He is also a director of the Bristol County National Bank. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Wilbar was married December 26, 1861, to Miss Emma Barrows, daughter of Albert and Har- riet (Ide) Barrows, of Norton. They have five children : Albert E., Arthur L., Charles B., Helen M., and Louise R. Wilbar. WILSON, Theodore Price, of Winchester, editor and publisher of the Winchester Star, was born in Boston, August 14, 185 1, son of Alexan- der W. and Samulina (Monroe) Wilson. His parents were both natives of Paisley, Scotland. His general education was acquired in the public schools of South Boston, which he attended until he reached the age of fourteen, when he went into the composition-room of the Boston Evening Tra~i'cllcr to learn the printer's trade. Here he worked under the eye of his father, an experienced printer, who Iiad been long connected with the Traveller office (the entire service of the latter in THEODORE P. WILSON. public meetings, and who has had a large experi- ence in newspaper work. They have one child : Theodore Price Wilson. Jr. PART IV. ADAMS, William Frf.hkrilk., of Springfield, of the " Old Corner Bookstore," was born in Springfield, March 13, 1848, son of David A. and Harriet (Swift) Adams. He is a descendant of Crovernor William Bradford, eighth in direct line. w. F. ADAMS. He was educated in the Springfield puljlic schools. His business career was begun in the Second Na- tional Bank of Springfield, with which he was con- nected for five years. Subsequently he entered the " Old Corner Bookstore," — one of the land- marks of Springfield, dating from 1834, — and became a partner of James L. \\'hitney, who had been for many years connected with the business, under the firm name of Whitney & Adams. In July, 1887, the business was incorporated under the title of the W. F. Adams Company, with Mr. Adams as president and treasurer, and has so con- tinued since. Mr. Adams has served three terms in the Springfield City Council (1891-931. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of the local Winthrop and Nyasset clubs. He was married May 30, 1888, to Miss E. Jennie Strong, of Springfield, and has two children : Dorothy S. and William Bradford Adams. AKARMAN, John Nel.^o.x, of Worcester, gen- eral manager of the Consolidated Street Railway, is a native of Brooklyn, N.^'., born March 4, 1854. He was educated in the public schools of Bergen, N.J., and of Brooklyn, graduating from the supple- mentary grade of Public School No. 26, Brooklyn, in the summer of 1871. After leaving school, he entered the ofifice of George H. Day, civil engineer and surveyor, and assisted in the building of the large piers on the Brooklyn side of the East River adjoining Fulton Ferry. In the summer of 1872 he moved to Boston, where he began street rail- roading in the service of the South Boston Street Railroad Company. Here he worked till the spring of 1876, when he entered the employ of the Middlesex Railway Company. He remained with the latter company for seven years, filling the sub- ordinate positions of starter, supervisor, and assist- ant superintendent under John H. Studley, the veteran Boston street railroad superintendent, to whose guidance he attributes whatever success he has attained in the business. In April, 1883, he became superintendent of the Charles River Street Railroad, a new line then opened in Cambridge, and continued in tliis position till the purchase of the road bv the Cambridge Railroad Company on the first of July, 1886. Then he went to Worces- ter, and served as superintendent of the Worcester Horse Railroad and the Citizens" Street Railway until the consolidation of the two roads, when he was elected superintendent of the consolidated company. In the spring of 1888 he resigned to build the Biddeford & Saco Railroad, running from 276 MEN OF PROGRESS. Biddeford to Old Orchard I'.each, Me., in which enterprise he was associated with Charles B. Pratt, the president, and H. S. Seeley, the treasurer, of 1 wh w^ m ' JNO. N. AKARMAN. the Worcester Consolidated Street Railway Com- pany. On the first of January, 1889, he sold out his interest in the Biddeford road, and on the first of June following became general manager of the Elizabeth & Newark Railroad, N.J. Subsequently he brought about the consolidation of that road with the Essex and Irvington roads, under the cor- porate title of the Newark Passenger Street Rail- way Company, at the same time becoming the general superintendent of the united lines. In 1892 he obtained an option on the full amount of the capital stock of the Worcester Consolidated Company (7,000 shares), which he disposed of to a syndicate ; and on the first of December, that year, when the purchase was completed, he re- turned to Worcester, and as superintendent and general manager proceeded at once rapidly to de- velop the property. Under his supervision the road w-as electrically equipped throughout, and its value greatly enhanced. Mr. Akarman is a thirty- second degree Mason, a member of the Montacute Lodge, Eureka Chapter, Hiram Council, and the Worcester County Commandery of Worcester, and of the Massachusetts Consistory and the Aleppo Shrine of Boston. He belongs also to the Worces- ter and Commonwealth clubs of Worcester, the Washington Association of New Jersey, and the Megantic Fish and Game Corporation of Maine. During his residence in New Jersey he was fish warden of Esse.x County. ALLEN, Ch.arles Albert, of ^^'orcester, civil engineer, city engineer for fifteen years, is a na- tive of Worcester, born January 27, 1852, son of Albert S. and Eliza A. (Cole) Allen. He is of the Sturbridge branch of the Allen family. His grandfather Allen moved from that town to Worcester about the year 1834, and until railroads entered Worcester was part owner of and oper- ated the stage lines centring there. He was edu- cated in the Worcester public schools, and at the Worcester Academy, graduating in 1869. He began preparation for his profession immediately after graduation, and in 1870 was engaged on preliminary surveys for the Massachusetts Central Railroad. From 187 1 to 1873 he was assistant engineer of the Worcester & Nashua Railroad CHARLES A. ALLEN. Company; from 1873 to 1875 chief engineer, and also engineer of the Worcester Viaduct then being constructed; in 1875-76-77 was engaged in pri- MEN OF PROGRESS. 277 vate engineering practice, and in contracting, as a member of the firm of Allen & Chase, during this period constructing the foundations and out- side walls of the new Worcester Lunatic Hospital, " Section A " of the Boston \\'ater Works (Sud- bury supply), the Southbridge street railroad bridge, and various other engineering works of more or less importance; from 1878 to November, 1892, was city engineer, finally resigning this posi- tion in order to give his entire attention to his growing private business ; and since has been engaged in the construction of water-works, sew- ers, and dams in various sections of New England. During his term of service as city engineer he constructed a large part of the sewerage system of Worcester, and the additional (Holden) water supply. In 1883 he was sent to Europe by the city to study the question of sewerage disposal ; and, as the result of his investigations, he constructed tiie Worcester sewerage disposal plant, one of the largest and most successful chemical disposal plants in the world. In late years he has served on many important commissions appointed by the courts. Mr. Allen is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers, and of the U'orcester County Society of Civil Engineers, also of the Worcester Club, and of several Masonic orders. In politics he is a Republican ; in religion, an Episcopalian, junior warden of St. Mark's Episcopal Church, Worcester. He was married April 29, 1875, to Miss Grace T. Chase. They have four children living : Robert C, Chester S., Mary H., and Grace W. Allen. of early New England, notably those of John Howland and John Tilley, of "Mayflower" fame, Cotfin, Chipman, Cady, Cook, Burt, Bart- ALLEN, Orrin Peer, of Palmer, pharmacist, was born in Wallingford, Vt., September 30, 1833. He is descended in the si.xth generation from the emigrant Edward Allen, who came from London about 1690, and settled on the island of Nan- tucket, through Nathaniel-, Joseph', Robert*, and Robert"'. His mother, Eliza Paine (Doolittle) -Vllen, claims her descent from Abraham Doolittle, son of Sir Archibald Clark (Laird of Doolittle, County Midlothian, Scotland, traced to Sir .\lamus Clark, of Comrie Castle, County Perth, Scotland, 1349, and assistant secretary to James I., who came to this country, probably from London, about 1638, and settled in New Haven, Conn., where he was a leading citizen), through Jolin-, Rev. Benjamin"', Amzi^ and RoswelF. He numbers among his ancestors many of the worthy names ORRIN P, ALLEN. lett, Barnard, Gardner, Knapp, Lee, I'hilbrick, Skiff, Strong, Todd, Winler, and Westwood, sev- eral of whom deserved well of their country by their service in the Colonial and Revolutionary wars. Mr. Allen was educated at Chester Acad- emy, Vt., where he held a high position as a stu- dent. He taught school at intervals to pay his way, and on the completion of the course was elected superintendent of schools in Vernon, Vt., which office he held until he accepted the position of a teacher in the Taanach Institute, Hacken- sack, N.J. He came to Palmer October 5, 1859, where he established a pharmacy, which he still continues with success. When a child, he became interested in literary pursuits which he has never relinquished, and has, by extensive study, fitted himself for a ready writer in many fields of effort. He began writing for the press in early life, and has been a frequent contributor to various publi- cations ever since. He has recently become quite a student of genealogy, to which he has devoted much research, having published the genealogies of the Lee and Doolittle families, and nearly com- pleted the history of the branch of the Allen 278 MEN OF PROGRESS. family to wliich he belongs, including that of Gen- eral Kthan Allen. He has also the Cady and Scott families well under way. He is a member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society of Boston, of the Potumtuck Memorial Association of Deerfield, and local secretary of the Con- necticut Valley Historical Society of Springfield. For eighteen years he has been secretary and treasurer of the Eastern Hampden Agricultural Society. He was for a long period a trustee of the Palmer Savings Bank ; was one of the foun- ders of the V'oung Men's Library Association of J'almer, of which he was for many \ears a trustee and the librarian ; was the prime mover in the matter of preparing a history of the town of Palmer, and chairman of the committee which had the matter in charge, until its completion in 1889. He is a Freemason, belonging to several of the Masonic bodies of Palmer. As a member of the Second Congregational Church, he has held the office of superintendent of the Sunday-school, and has been for years clerk of both the church and parish. He is also an active member of the (^uaboag Literary Society, which was organized in 1893. Mr. Allen was married June 14, 1863, to Miss Lucinda E. Scott, of Vernon, Vt., a de- scendant of Revolutionary ancestors. Their chil- dren are : Walter Scott, who was educated at Mitchell's Boys' School of Billerica ; Julia A. and Lily M. Allen, who were both educated at the State Normal School at Westfield. BALDWIN, John Sianion, of Worcester, manager of the S/>_y, is a native of Connecticut, born in New Haven, January 6, 1834, son of John D. and Lemira (Hathaway) Baldwin. His father was an anti-slavery pioneer, some time editor of a free-soil paper in Hartford, Conn., in the late fifties editor of the Bn/fy Covimonwealth in Bos- ton, also an anti-slavery paper, and from 1859 till his death, in 1883, editor of the Worcester ^i.- and from 1863 to 1869 representative of the Worcester district in Congress. John S. was edu- cated in the public schools of North Killingly, North Branford, and Hartford, Conn., and was fitted for Yale College. Unable however, to enter college, the cost of the course being beyond his means, he became a student in the State Normal School, where he was prepared for the profession of a teacher. He graduated with honors, and ac- cepted an offer to take charge of a large school ; but an urgent call to take the direction of the business department of the Boston Daily Commomvcalth, which his father was then editing, caused him to cancel this engagement. He was already a printer, having learned the trade in Hartford while attending school. From that time he has been continuously engaged in newspaper work. From Boston he would have gone to Minneapolis, Minn., as proprietor of a weekly paper there, but for his father's desire to have iiim remain in business with him. Accordingly, the Worcester Spy was pur- chased ; and in March, 1858, they removed to Worcester, and began the publication of that his- JOHN S. BALDWIN. toric journal, under the firm name of John 1). Bald- win lV- Co., the firm including his brother Charles C. This association held till the father's death in 1883, soon after which the business was incorpo- rated under the laws of Massachusetts as the Spy Publishing Company, with John S. Baldwin as president and treasurer. The Spy is one of the oldest newspapers in the country, started in Bos- ton in 1770 by Isaiah Thomas as the organ of the Patriots, and hurriedly moved to Worcester in 1775, on the eve of the battle of Lexington, where it has since remained. The original title of the Massiuiiiisctts Spy is still retained in the weekly issue of the present day. A\'hen the Baldwins MEN OF PROGRESS. 279 purchased tlie property, the daily issue had been pubHshed fourteen years, having been started in 1845. Under their conduct it has been a strong, dignified, and inHuential sheet. Its change to a quarto form was made in 1888 (July 16), at which time the Sunday issue was begun. Mr. Baldwin served in the Civil War as captain, commissioned by Governor Andrew, of a company of infantry which he raised for the Fifty-first Regiment Massa- chusetts Volunteers. His first service was in the Eighteenth Corps, and he participated in all its marches and battles in North Carolina. After- ward he served with the Army of the Potomac. In politics he is a Republican. He has been a member of the Common Council and of the School Board of Worcester, and represented Worcester two terms in the lower house of the Legislature ( 1870-7 i ), where he served on the com- mittees on education and on finance. He belongs to the Grand Army of tiie Republic, the Society of the Army of the Potomac, the Military ( )rder of the Loyal Legion ; and is a member of the Massachusetts Club, Boston, and of the Worces- ter Club, and the Quinsigamond Boat Club of Worcester. He was married October 19, 1863, to Miss Emily Brown, of Worcester. They have six- children : Eleanor, Robert S., Alice H., John 1)., Henrv B., and Emilv C. Baldwin. BASSETT, Joseph Massa, of \^'orcester, manu- facturer, is a native of Vermont, born in the farming town of Eden, August 31, 1834, eldest son of George and Achsa A. (Adams) Bassett. His great-grandfather, Samuel Bassett (born 1754), was a volunteer soldier of the Revolution, wounded by a musket-shot in the battle of Bunker Hill. His grandfather, Massa Bassett, was a native of K.eene, N.H. (born January 24, 1783); and his paternal grandmother, Catharine Bassett, daughter of Solomon and Ruth Kingsbury, was a native of Walpole, Mass., (born October 20, 1783). They were among the earliest settlers of Eden, where they lived afterward to the end of life. His mater- nal grandparents were about the same age of Massa and Catharine Bassett, and, it is believed, also emi- grated to Vermont in the early settlement of the northern part of that State. Joseph M. was reared on the farm, early taking his share of the farm-work, attending the district school twelve weeks each winter. At the age of si.xteen he came to Worces- ter to make a start in business life. He found employment in the manufactory then known as Court Mills ; but after about six months here he was obliged, by failing health, to return to the farm. A few months later, having recovered his strength, he went to work in a country store, where he spent two years full of experience ; and in March, 1854, he returned to Worcester to remain permanently. For a year he was employed in a lumber-yard there. Then he became book-keeper and business assistant for the firm of Willard, Williams, & Co., manufacturers of woollen machin- ery ; and after service with this firm and its suc- cessors, F. Willard Ov Co., and Bickford \' J. M. BASSETT. Lombard, for a period of eight years, he entered the firm of E. C. Cleveland & Co., also engaged in the manufacture of woollen machinery, as a partner. This association continued for four years, when he withdrew, and forming a partner- nership with W. I). Hobbs, under the firm name of Bassett &: Hobbs, entered the wool business. A year later he returned to his old business, form- ing a new partnership with Mr. Cleveland, under the name of Cleveland \r Bassett. The venture, however, was not prosperous, the firm meeting with losses and difficulties ; and in about two years it was dissolved through failure. Subsequently, on the first of Julv, 1870, joining R. A. M. Johnson, 28o MEN OF PROGRESS. who had been for some time manufacturing hand spinning-machines called jacks, he formed the firm of Johnson & Bassett for the development and manufacture of automatic machinery for wool spinning, in which he has since been profitably concerned. The firm first introduced self-operat- ing heads for jacks, and a few years later put on the market the self-operating woollen mule, adding from time to time valuable improvements in the mechanism of both machines. Upon the death of Mr. Johnson in March, 1880, Mr. Bassett pur- chased the interest of the former from the admin- istrators of his estate, and continued the business alone until the first of January, 1892, when he admitted his son, George M. Bassett, to partner- ship, retaining throughout the original firm name of Johnson & Bassett, without change. The present building, occupying the corner of Foster and Bridge Streets, was built expressly for the business in 1886, and was first occupied in September that year. Mr. Bassett has been long a member of the National Association of Wool Manufacturers, and of the Home Market Club since its organiza- tion. He belongs also to the Commonwealth Club of Worcester. In politics he is an earnest Republican for the reasons that the principles and economic policy of that party have been more in accord with his own views than those of any other party. He is in no sense a politician ; and with the exception of six years' service on the Worces- ter School Board, which he gave in the interest of popular education, he has held no public place, devoting his time and energies chiefly to his busi- ness. He has been an extensive traveller, in his own country and abroad, visiting nearly all the leading American cities, journeying in Mexico and in the principal European countries. Mr. Bassett was married April 16, 1857, to Miss Elizabeth Kennan. daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth Kennan, born June 8, 1833, in Hyde Park, Vt. Thev have had five children, three sons and two daughters, of whom only two are now living : George M. (now associated with Mr. Bassett in business, born in Worcester, November 3, 1864) and Arthur J. Bassett (musician, born in Worcester, June 29, 1868). BATES, Edward Cr.aig, of \Vestborough, jus- tice of the First District Court of Eastern Worces- ter, is a native of Westborough, born March 6, 1866, son of Lucius R. and Martha (Matthews) Bates. His early education was acquired in the public schools of Westborough. After graduating from the High School in 1883, he fitted for college at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, spending two years there, entered Harvard, and graduated in the class of 1889. He prepared for his profession at the Boston University Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1891. Opening his office in West- borough the first of November that year, he prac- tised there exclusively until 1894, when in Feb- ruary he established an office in Boston also. He was appointed to his present position of justice of the First District Court of Eastern Worcester in 1890. While pursuing his profession, he has given EDWARD C. BATES. some attention also to historical matters. In con- nection with the Rev. Heman P. DeForest, he wrote the " History of Westborough," published by the town in 1891 ; and he was the author of the paper on " Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin " m the A^eic Enghimi Afagaziiic oi yiixy, 1890. He is a trustee of the Westborough Public Library ; has been president of the Village Improvement Society since April, 1892 ; and is connected with various social, literary, and business clubs. Judge Bates was married January 2 i, 1892, to Miss Grace Belknap \\'inch, daughter of the late Hon. Calvin M. Winch, of Boston. They have one child : Edward Munroe Bates, born February 23, 1894. MEN OF PROGRESS. 281 BEEBE, Henry Jared, of Springfield, manu- facturer, is a native of Monson, born July 3, 1843, son of Jared and Mary (Stacy) Reebe. He was HENRY J. BEEBE. educated in the public schools and at Wilbrahani Academy. After graduating from the academy, he was for two years in mercantile business as a clerk, first in Holyoke, and later in C'hicopee. In 186 1 he entered the office of his father, and there remained three years. The next three years he was in the dry-goods commission house of O. H. Sampson & Co., New York City. Then, having been elected treasurer of the Springfield Plate Company, he removed to Springfield, where he spent two years. At the end of that time, in 1870, he joined his father in the purchase of the woollen mill at North Monson, and engaged in its conduct under the firm name of J. Beebe & Son. In 1876 his father died, and the same year he bought the woollen mill of Webber & Beebe in Holyoke. The two mills were run together till 18S0, when the Monson mill was sold ; and since that time the Holyoke mill has been continued under the firm name of Beebe, Webber, & Co., owned entirely by Mr. Beebe and his brother-in-law, J. S. Webber. Mr. Beebe is interested in numerous other man- ufacturing concerns. After his father's death in 1876 he was elected a director of the Farr Alpaca Company of Holyoke ; and he is now a director of the Beebe & Holbrook Paper Company of Holyoke, the Indian Orchard Company of Springfield, and the United Electric Light Com- pany of Springfield : and a trustee of the National Automatic Weighing Machine Company of New York. He is also a director of the Eirst National Bank of Springfield. In politics he is a steadfast Republican. He has served two years (1880-81) in the Springfield city government. He is a mem- ber of the Nyasset and the Winthrop clubs of Springfield. He has been twice married, first, Oc- tober 20, 1864, to Miss Othalia Vaughan, by whom were three children : Henry J., Jr., Arthur Y., and Albert A. Beebe; and second. May 20, 1880, to Mrs. Kate E. Glover, daughter of John Olmsted, of Springfield. BENT, Charles McIlvaink, of Worcester, banker, was born in New Bedford, October 5, 1835, son of Nathaniel Tucker and Catherine Eliza Donaldson (Metcalf) Bent. He was edu- cated in the common schools. He has been in the banking business from the beginning of his active CHARLES M BENT. life. In the summer of 1852 he entered the Worcester Bank, then the principal bank in the city, as boy. Here he came under the guidance 282 MEN OF PROGRESS. and direction of William Cross, an accomplished banker, then cashier and holding tlie foremost position among financiers of the city, and was thoroughly fitted for the banking business. In December. 1864, he was elected treasurer of the People's Savings Bank, then recently incorporated, which has now become one of the large and suc- cessful financial institutions of the city. This office he still holds, being its only treasurer. Mr. Bent has been for many years prominent in musi- cal matters in Worcester, sometime occupying the presidency of the Worcester Choral Union, one of the first board of directors of the Worcester County Musical Association, elected when it was incorpo- rated, and now its vice-president. In politics he has always been a consistent Republican. In re- ligion he is an Episcopalian, and is identified with different societies of the Church in this diocese. For upwards of thirty years he has held different offices in All Saints' Church, Worcester, and is at present (1894) warden. Among other positions which he holds is that of president of the Worces- ter Homceopathic Hospital and Dispensary Asso- ciation. Mr. Bent was married October 10, 1867, to Miss Helen Maria Kennedy, daughter of James L. and Helen Maria (Clark) Kennedy. They have had two children: Robert Metcalf (died in infancy) and Catherine Metcalf Bent. Michigan, and ^^'isconsin, from 1845 to 1849. In 1854 he and his brother Henry entered into part- nership at Norwich, Conn., in the subscription pub- lishing business. A year later Gurdon Bill removed to Springfield, which has since been his home, and carried on the same business there for si.xteen years. In the course of this active career he published many books of importance, among them Headley's " Life of Washington," Dr. J. G. Hol- land's "Life of Abraham Lincoln," and J. S. C. Abbott's " History of the Civil War in .America." Mr. Rill has taken no prominent part in politics, and seldom accepts public office, although he might easily have had such honors. He has served in the City Council of Springfield, and was in 187 1 a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. In business, since he closed his connection with publishing, he has held many important positions. He has been president of the Springfield & New London Railroad, is now president of the Second National Bank of Spring- field, and president and director of various manu- facturing companies. He is a man of positive and tenacious character, persistent and successful BILL, Gurdon, of Springfield, a leading busi- ness man and prominent citizen for forty years past, was born in Groton, Conn., in that part now Ledyard, June 7, 1827, son of Gurdon and Lucy (Yerrington) Bill. His ancestry dates definitely from the early Puritan emigration from England in the first half of the seventeenth century, the Bills who came over about 1635 and landed at Boston being of a numerous family of Norman origin. In this country the family has had many representatives in places of trust, and been promi- nent in the law, the ministry, and other profe.s- sions, — a typical New England family. His mother's family also dates from the beginnings of New England. His education was that of the common schools of his native town. In his boy- hood he worked upon his father's farm, and at eighteen years of age "bought his time" of his father at $12 a month until he was twenty-one, and went out into what was then the Far West, canvass- ing for the subscription publications of Thomas Cowperthwait & Co., in Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, GURDON BILL. in his undertakings. He does the duty of a citizen with no personal ambitions to serve, and his ser- vices to the public are performed without ostenta- MEN OF PROGRESS. 28- tion. He gave to the city of Springfield in 1885 its soldiers' monument, — a granite shaft bearing the names of battles on its sides, and surmounted by the figure of a private soldier at parade rest, — which stands in Court Square in the heart of the city. In 1893 he joined with his brothers, Henry and Frederick, in giving to Ledyard, Conn., the beautiful library building on the common. Mr. Bill was married in 1852 to Miss Emily A. Deni- son, of Groton. They have had five children : Nathan I)., Harriet E., Mary A., fkhvard E., and Charles G. Bill. Nathan D. and Edward E. are now established in business life in Springfield. field Knitting Company (1892). He is now presi- dent of the Plainer and Porter Paper Company, president of the National Envelope Company, BILL, Nathan Denison, of Springfield, manu- facturer, is a native of Springfield, born October 12, 1855, son of Gurdon and Emily Avery (Deni- son) Bill. His earliest ancestors in America were John and Dorothie Bill, who appeared in Boston in 1638. Among his early English ances- tors was Dr. Thomas Bill, who was physician to Henry VIII. and Edward VI., and also to Prin- cess Elizabeth ; and \\'illiam Bill, LL.D., who was the first Dean of Westminster Abbey, 1560. He was educated in Springfield private and public schools. At the age of twelve he worked on a farm for two summer months, receiving as wages $2.50 a month ; at the age of fifteen he was at sim- ilar w^ork three months, receiving Jio a month ; the following winter and spring, when he was sixteen, he taught school in Ledyard, Conn., for §25 a month ; and at the end of the school term, which co\ ered four and a half months, he engaged in canvassing in Maine and on Prince Edward Island, devoting three months to this business, — all of this being part of his education as outlined and planned by his father. When he reached the age of eighteen years, he went into a wholesale paper and sta- tionery concern, where he served an apprenticeship of two years, and then, at twenty, entered busi- ness on his own account under the style of the Union Envelope and Paper Company. Two years later he consolidated with P. 1^. Kellogg and George A. Russell under the name of the National Papeterie Company ; and this partnership continued for eleven years, when he retired from detail manage- ment of business. Meanwhile in 1887 he organ- ized with others the Springfield Envelope Com- pany ; and subsequently the Platner and Porter Paper Manufacturing Company (in 1889), the Na- tional Envelope Company (1892), and the Spring- NATHAN D. BILL. vice-president of the Springfield Envelope Com- pany, treasurer of the Springfield Knitting Com- pany, treasurer and director of the Union Water Power Company, director of the Warwick Cycle Company and of other companies, and trustee of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company of New York. He is a director also of the City Library Associa- tion of Springfield. His public service other than that in connection with the City Library has been confined to one term as a member of the Springfield Board of Aldermen (1893). He is very fond of hunting and fishing, and with all his business inter- ests finds time each season to indulge more or less in these alluring pastimes. He is a member of the Union League, the New York Yacht, and the Al- dine clubs of New York, and of the several Spring- field clubs. He was married April 22, 1885, to Miss Ruth Elizabeth Wight, daughter of ex-Mayor Emerson Wight, of Springfield. They have one daughter : Beatrice Bill. BLACKMER, John, M.D., of Springfield, long a Temperance and Prohibitory party leader, was 284 MEN OF PROGRESS. born in Plymouth, July 18, 1828, eldest son of John and Esther (Bartlett) Blackmer. His early education was acquired in the common schools, and, after fourteen years of age, through private tuition under the Rev. John Dwight. He was fitted for college at Phillips ( Andover) Academy, and took a select course at Brown University. Subsequently he studied medicine in the Harvard Medical School, and graduated March 4, 1854. The course of education which he pursued was of his own choice, in accordance with an agreement made with his father, who told him, when he reached the age of fourteen, that the money to JOHN BLACKMER. meet the cost of an\' educational course that he might select would be forthcoming, with the under- standing that it should be returned as soon as cir- cumstances would allow, — his father adding that it was his purpose to give all his boys an equal chance, and that he should make the same offer to each of the other two upon arriving at the age of fourteen years. \Mien he was about eighteen years old he began teaching, and continued in this occupation during vacations and as circum- stances would allow until his graduation from the medical college, taking common schools at first, and afterward select schools. He began the prac- tice of medicine in the autumn of 1854, in the town of Effingham, X.H. He remained there five years, and then, receiving the appointment of assistant physician in the Maine Insane Hospital at Augusta, removed to that city. After an expe- rience of a year in that institution he accepted a similar position in the McLean Asylum in Somer- ville, Mass., where he served two years. In October, 1862, he was commissioned assistant surgeon of the Forty-first Regiment, Massachu- setts Volunteers, and began a service which continued through the Civil War. He first went into camp at Bo.xford to e.xamine recruits, and just before the regiment was filled he was or- dered to Boston for e.xamination for promotion. On November 4 he was made surgeon of the Forty-seventh Regiment, which speedily reported for duty to General Banks at New Orleans, having received marching orders on the 29th of that month. After the close of his army service he received an appointment for medical and surgical service in the navy, and continued there till the close of the war. Upon his retirement from this service he was called to take charge of the New Hampshire Asylum for the Insane during the absence of its superintendent, Ur. laancroft, in England. This work finished, he entered general practice in the town of Sandwich, N.H., where he remained seven years. He came to Springfield in 1877, and has since continued in general practice there. In politics he has been a radical Prohibi- tionist for more than a quarter of a century. When in New Hampshire, he was chairman of the Prohibition State Committee, editor of the Proliihition Herald, and for three years candidate of the party for governor. In Massachusetts he has also been chairman of the Prohibitory State Committee, editor of T/ic FiibHc Good, then the organ of the party, five times candidate for lieu- tenant governor, and twice candidate for governor, for the latter office receiving the highest vote with one exception that a "straight" Prohibitionist candidate has ever received in the State. He is now, and has been since 1884, editor of the Domestic yoiinial, an unsectarian family news- paper published in Springfield, devoted to tem- perance and religion. He has written extensively for papers and periodicals for many years, enough probably to fill a large octavo volume. He has lect- ured somewhat extensively, both in New Hamp- shire and in Massachusetts, on temperance, pro- hibition, and other themes. He was some time superintendent of schools in New Hampshire, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 285 giive courses of lectures at teachers' institutes and before other educational bodies. He was for two years and now is (1892-94) chairman of the temperance committee of the Association of Con- gregational Churches of Massachusetts, of which he has long been a member. In Springfield he be- longs to the North Congregational Church, and since 1879 has been leader of a large Bible class in the church. Dr. Blackmer was married October 22, 1863, to Miss Ellen S. Dearborn, of Efifingham, N.H., a graduate of Bradford Academy, Mass. They have one daughter and one son : the daugh- ter, Helen D., now wife of Dr. George F. Poole, who occupies the chair of physical director in the School for Christian Workers, Springfield ; and the son, John A. Blackmer, now connected with the Boston Post. BOWLES, Samuel, of Springfield, editor-in- chief and publisher of the Springfield Republican, was born in Springfield, October 15, 185 1, eldest son of Samuel Bowles, the founder of the daily Republican, and Mary S. Dwight (Shermerhorn) Bowles. He is of early Massachusetts and New York stock. On the paternal side he comes of the English family of Bowles or Bolles mentioned in the records of the Genealogist Burke, and of a line of notable New Englanders. His first ances- tor in America was John Bowles, an elder in the Roxbury First Church in 1640, one of the foun- ders of the Roxbury Free School, and a member of the Artillery Company. The next in line, John, 2d, married the grand-daughter of John Eliot, the apostle to the Indians, was a Harvard graduate in 167 1, subsequently a ruling elder in the church, a representative in the General Court, and speaker of the House. John, 3d, was also graduated from Harvard (1703), was long a lead- ing man in Roxbury town affairs, was a major in the militia, and for ten successive years sat in the General Court for Roxbury. John, 3d's, son, Joshua, was a carver of furniture in Boston, de- scribed as a very benevolent, pious man. Two of Joshua's sons served in the Revolution, as ser- geant and captain respectively : the third, Samuel, a boy of thirteen, when the war broke out, first worked at the pewterer's trade in Boston, then moved to Hartford, Conn., where he kept a grocery store some time, and prospered moderately. His son, Samuel, was early apprenticed to a printer, worked some years as a journeyman and foreman in Hartford and New Haven, and in 1824 came to Springfield, and started the weekly Springfield Republican : and his son was Samuel, 3d, the eminent editor, "the pioneer and leader of independent journalism in the United States," as he has been pronounced, who brought the Republican into national prominence, and fixed it there. On the maternal side Mr. Bowles is a descendant of (ieneral Henry K. Van Rensselaer, a distinguished soldier of the Revolution. His maternal grandfather, Henry Van Rensselaer Schermerhorn, was a prominent lawyer and farmer of Geneva, N.Y.; and his maternal grandmother SAML BOWLES. was a native of Springfield, daughter of James Scutt Dwight. Mr. Bowles was educated in pub- lic and private schools in Springfield, through extensive travel in the United States and abroad, and at college. To travel, supplementing the school training, two years and a half were de- voted. Two years, from 187 1 to 1873, were spent in special study at Yale, and half a year, or one term, at Berlin (Germany) University. After leaving college, he wrote letters of travel for the Republican for a few months ; and then, entering the Republican office, he was for two years con- nected with the editorial department under his father, getting some training also in the business 286 MEN OF PROGRESS. end. Ill 1875 he became business manager of the Republican; and in 1878, upon tlie death of the elder Bowles, editor-in-chief and publisher, ■ which position he has held from that time. Under his administration the paper has continued along the lines marked by his distinguished father, and developed new features which have held it in the front rank of the best journalism of the day. In 1878 the Sunday Republican was started, and early became a strong addition to the establish- ment. It is wholly different from other Sunday papers, and has marked literary and local qualities of its own. The several editions of the paper have, of late, been repeatedly enlarged to meet the demands of its steadily growing and prosper- ous business. The mechanical plant has been twice renewed within the last dozen years. In 1888 the Republican took possession of an admi- rably arranged and equipped new building of its own, located in the centre of Springfield's busi- ness section. Since 1878 Mr. Bowles has been a director in the City Library Association of Spring- field. He was married June 12, 1884, to Miss Elizabeth Hoar, daughter of Judge E. Rockwood Hoar, of Concord. They have two children : Samuel and Sherman Hoar Bowles. BRICK, Francis, M.D., of Worcester, was born in Gardner, Mass., March 16, 1838, son of Alfred Harrison and Lucy (Scollay) Brick. He is of English ancestry, his earliest ancestor in this country on the paternal side coming about the year 1640 and settling in Dorchester, and the Scollavs appearing early in Boston. His great-grand- father, Jonas Brick, served throughout the Revolu- tionary war on the patriot side ; and his great- grandfather, David Comee, was in tlie Lexington and Concord fight. The family name was Breck, the older English being " Brecke," Brick being a perversion in spelling. He was educated in the common schools of his native town, at the Cas- tleton (Vt.) Seminary, and the Appleton (N.H.i Academy ; and was fitted for his profession at the Homceopathic Hospital College, Cleveland, Ohio, where he graduated in February, 1861. He had as preceptors E. J. Sawyer, M.D., of Gardner, and James C. Freeland, M.D., of Fitchburg. Settling in the town of Winchester, N.H., he began prac- tice there in the autumn of 1861. Subsequently, in the spring of 1864, he moved to Kecne, N.H., and in January. 1875, came to Worcester, where he has since been established. While in New Hamp- shire, he was a member of the State Homceopathic Society, and of the American Institute of Homce- opathy : and after his removal to Worcester he be- came a member of the \\'orcester County Homoeo- pathic Society, later becoming its president. He has also been vice-president of the Massachusetts Surgical and Gyna;cological Society, president of the Worcester Dispensary and Hospital Associa- tion, and is now \ice-president of that organiza- tion. He is prominent in the Masonic order, receiving his first three degrees in 1863 ; later he became a charter member, and past master of FRANCIS BRICK. Lodge of the Temple of Keene, N.H., and is now an honorary member. He is a life member of the Cheshire Royal Arch Chapter ; a Knight Templar. Of the Scottish rite : past most wise and perfect master of Lawrence Chapter ; a life member of the Massachusetts Consistory, thirty-second degree ; a member of Aleppo Temple, A. A. O. Nobles of the Mystic Shrine ; and past e.xalted ruler of the Worcester Lodge of Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, No. 243. He is also a member of the Worcester Society of Antiquity, and of numer- ous other literary associations. He is medical director of the Boston Mutual Life Association. Dr. ISrick was married June 3, 1862, to Helen F. MEN OF PROGRESS. .87 Guild, of Attleboro, i\Iass. They have one son : Lu Guild Brack (spelling his name according to the form used in colonial times). BROOKS, William Henry Seward, of Hol- yoke, member of the Hampden County bar, is a native of New ^'ork, born at Schuyler's Lake, a part of Richfield Springs, Otsego County, Jan- uary 5, 1855, son of Reuben Palmer and Margaret (Eliot) Brooks. He was fitted for college at the Clinton Liberal Institute, Clinton, N.Y., and, en- tering Dartmouth, graduated there in 1876. His WILLIAM H. BROOKS. law studies were pursued in the office of Warren C. French at Woonsocket, Vt. Admitted to the bar in 1878, he established himself in Holyoke, forming a law partnership with Edward W. Cha- pin. This association continued till 1S82, when he withdrew, and has since practised alone, with offices in both Holyoke and Springfield, the county seat, in which much of his legal work centres. His practice is general, civil and criminal, in both of which branches he excels. In recent years he has been counsel in a number of capital cases, and has also successfuly conducted numerous civil suits of note. He is now counsel for many of the principal corporations in Western Massachusetts, among them the Boston & Maine, the Boston & Albany, and the Connecticut River Railroad Com- panies. In 1881-82-83 he was city solicitor of Holyoke, and in 1889 was nominated for the dis- trict attorneyship, but failed of election, falling short a few votes only. For the past three years he has been senior counsel of Holyoke. In poli- tics he is a steadfast Republican, and has done effective campaign work, especially in his Congres- sional district. In 1884 he was the Republican candidate for mayor of Holyoke. and was defeated by a small majority, although the city is in general elections strongly Democratic. In 1892 he w^as nominated for Congress, but declined to stand. He is a member of the Holyoke Masonic Lodge, of the Springfield and Nyasset clubs of Spring- field, and of the University Club of Boston. He has been twice married: first, in 1887, to ;\Iiss Mary French, daughter of Warren C. French, of Woodstock, Vt., who died in 188 1 ; and second, in 1884, to Miss Jennie Chase, daughter of the late Edwin Chase, of Holyoke. He has five children : three by the first union : William Steele, Eliot Palmer, and Mary Brooks : and two by the second, Chase Reuben and Rachel Margaret Brooks. BULLOCK, Augustus George, of Worcester, president of the State Mutual Life Assurance Company, was born in Connecticut, in the towm of Enfield, June 2, 1847, son of Alexander Hamil- ton and Elvira (Hazard) Bullock. His grand- father was Rufus Bullock, of Royalston ; and his father, the late Governor Bullock, who immediately succeeded Governor Andrew, serving through the years 1866-69, was member of the Legislature, speaker of the House, and mayor of Worces- ter. He was educated at the Highland Mili- tary .\cademy, Worcester, the Leicester Acad- emy, and Harvard College, where he was grad- uated in the class of 1868. .\fter graduation he travelled some time in Europe, and upon his return began the study of law in the office of the Hon. George F. Hoar, and subsequently with the Hon. Thomas L. Nelson, now judge of the United States District Court, at Worcester. He was admitted to the bar of \\'orce.ster County in 1876, and practised for seven years, retiring in January, 1883, when he became president and treasurer of the State Mutual Life .Vssurance Company of Worcester, which office he has since held. He 288 MEN OF PROGRESS. has also been for some years president of the State Safe Deposit Company ; a director of the Worcester National Hank, and of the Worces- A. G. BULLOCK. ter County Institution for Savings ; a director of the Norwich & Worcester Railroad, of the Providence & Worcester Railroad, of the Worces- ter Traction Company, of the Worcester Consoli- dated Street Railway Company, and of other cor- porations. He is connected with numerous his- torical societies, a member of the American Anti- quarian Society, of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, and of the Archjeological Institute of America ; is a member of the Ameri- can Bar Association, of the Worcester Club, the University and Exchange clubs of Boston, and the Democratic, Reform, and University clubs of New York. He was one of the eight commissioners at large to the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, chairman of the committee of the exposition on fine arts, and a member of the committee on edu- cation. In 1S68 he was private and military sec- retary to his father. Governor Bullock, with rank of lieutenant colonel. In \A'orcester he has served as a director of the Public Library, and a trustee of the Worcester Lunatic Hospital. Colonel Bul- lock was married October 4, 187 1, to Miss Mary Chandler, daughter of George and Josephine R. Chandler, of Worcester. They have had four children : Chandler, Alexander Hamilton, Augus- tus George (deceased), and Rockwood Hoar Bul- lock. CARPENTER, Frank Eaton, of Springfield, member of the bar, was born in Monson, August 29, 1851, son of Daniel and Elizabeth Colton (Grout) Carpenter. He was educated in the Mon- son Academy. He studied law in Hartford, Conn., in the ofiice of Francis Fellowes &: Son. and was admitted to the Hartford County bar on the first of July, 1873. The same year, in October, he came to Springfield, and opened his law office. He practised at first alone, but early became a partner of the late Mayor John M. Stebbins, under the firm name of Stebbins & Carpenter, which relation held till 1877. His practice has been of a mer- cantile character in courts of probate and insol- vency. Soon after his establishment in Spring- field he became prominent in politics as a Demo- crat ; and in the municipal election of 1882 he was elected to the Common Council. He served in this body two terms (1883-84), and was then FRANK E. CARPENTER. elected to the lower house of the Legislature for 1885. In 1 89 1 he was a State senator for the First Hampden District, ordinarily Republican, MEN OF PROGRESS. 289 which he carried by a good vote ; and in 1892 a member of the Springfield Board of Aldermen. During his term in the House he served on the committee on railroads ; and in the Senate he was chairman of the committee on bills in the third reading, and a member of the committees on elec- tion laws and on constitutional amendments. He is a member of the Springfield Commandery, Knights Templar, and of the \\'inthrop and Ny- asset clubs. Mr. Carpenter was married March i, 1875, to Miss Elizabeth M. Lombard, of Hrimfield. She died in November, 1880. and retired from the service. Before his appoint- ment as superintendent of sewers he served two terms (1869-70) in the City Council. General CHAMBERLAIN, General Rohf.rt Horace, sheriff of \^'orcester County, is a native of Worces- ter, born June i6, 1838, son of General Thomas and Hannah (Blair) Chamberlain. On both sides he is of old \\'orcester County stock. His ances- tors on the paternal side first came to Worcester from Newtowne, now Cambridge, in 1740 ; and the Blairs were early settled in the county. His pater- nal grandfather was a selectman of the town, and so was his father at a later period ; and both were substantial citizens in their day. He was edu- cated in the public schools and at the Worcester and Westfield academies, and at the age of eigh- teen was at work, apprenticed to a firm of ma- chinists. Having mastered his trade, he worked at it till the Civil War broke out. Then he en- listed as a private in Company A, Fifty-first Regi- ment, Massachusetts Volunteers. Soon after he was made sergeant i and later, re-enlisting in the Sixtieth Regiment, he was commissioned captain of Company F. After the war and his return to Worcester he resumed his trade, and followed it till 1870, when he was appointed by Maj-or Blake superintendent of sewers. This position he held for eighteen years, during which period the system was developed and widely e.xtended. In 188S he was made master of the House of Correction, and in 1892 was elected to his present position of sheriff by a large majority. For twelve years suc- ceeding the war he was active in the State militia, and in this service received his commission as gen- eral. He reorganized the Worcester City Guards, and was the first captain of the company ; also organized a battery of artillery in Worcester, which still bears the name of Chamberlain Light Battery ; w-as major and afterward colonel of the Tenth Regiment, anti was made brigadier-general of the militia in December, 1869. In 1876 he resigned. R. H. CHAMBERLAIN. Chamberlain is an Odd Fellow and a Mason of high degree, — a past commander of ^^'orcester County Commandery of Knights Templar, and past grand commander of the Grand Commandery of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. He is con- nected with the Grand Army, a charter member of Post ID. He is a member of the Worcester Board of Trade, of the Worcester County Mechanics' Association (president for tin-ee years), and of the Hancock Club. In politics he has always been a Republican, but not a politician. He was married January 10, 1865, to Miss Esther Browning, of Hubbardston. They have two daughters : Flora Browning and Mabel Susan Chamberlain. CHAPIN, EnwARn Whit.man, of Holyoke, member of the bar, is a native of Chicopee, born August 23, 1840, son of Whitman and Theodocia (McKinstry) Chapin. He was educated at Willis- ton Seminary, Easthampton, and at .\mherst, grad- uating from the former in the class of 1859, and from the latter in the class of 1863. He studied 290 MEN OF PROGRESS. law with Beach & Stearns in Springfield and at the Harvard Law School. He was admitted to the bar in December. 1865 : and from that time to the EDWARD W. CHAPIN. present he has practised in Holyoke, attaining a foremost position in his profession. He was the first city solicitor of Holyoke ( 1S75 ) ; was for nine years a member of the School Committee, and in 1873 was chosen as representative in the State Legislature. He is a director of the City National ]5ank, of the Holyoke & W'estfield Railroad, and of two manufacturing corporations; namely, the Beebe and Holbrook Paper Company and the Farr Alpaca Company. He has been the secretary and attorney of the Mechanics' Savings Bank since its organization in 1872. Having had charge of the settlement of manv important estates, his legal prac- tice has been largely confined to probate business. He is now the senior special justice of the Hol- yoke Police Cmut. which office he has held for several years. In politics Mr. Chapin is a Repub- lican ; and in religion, a Congregationalist, deacon in the Second Congregational Society of Holyoke. He was married May 16, 1866, to Miss Mary L. Beebe, daughter of fared Beebe, of Springfield. They have had four children : Arthur R., Anne C. (now Mrs. William F. \\'hiting), Alice M.. and Clara M. Chapin. CLARK, Colonel Embury P., of Springfield, high sheriff of Hampden County, is a native of Buckland. Franklin County, born March 31, 1845, .son of Chandler and Joanna (Woodward) Clark. He was educated in the public schools of Charle- mont and in those of Holyoke, to which his par- ents removed when he was a boy of thirteen. After leaving school, he worked in a store till 1862, when at the age of seventeen, he enlisted in Com- pany B, Forty-sixth Regiment, Massachusetts Vol- unteers, and served in North Carolina and with the Army of the Potomac. At the expiration of his service he returned to Holyoke, and was suc- cessively a drug clerk, shipping clerk, book-keeper, and paymaster till 1876, when he was elected water registrar of the city of Holyoke. In this office he was retained by repeated elections for si.xteen years, finally retiring to accept his present position of sheritT of Hampden County, to which he was elected in 1892. He has been prominent in the State militia since the close of the war. Starting in 1868 as sergeant of Company K, Sec- ond Regiment, he was elected captain a year later, commissioned major August 14, 187 1, and lieu- EMBURY p. CLARK. tenant colonel August 31, 1875. ^or the purpose of reorganizing the militia, in 1876, he was honor- ably discharged with all other officers ranking MEN OF PROGRESS. 291 above captain ; he then re-entered the service De- cember 23, icSyS, as captain of Company ]), Second Regiment ; was the next year ( August 2 ) promoted to the lieutenant colonelcy, and on the 2d of Feb- ruary, 1889, made colonel of the regiment, which position he still holds. He is a member of the Military Service Institution of the United States, and a charter member of Kilpatrick Post, No. 71, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he was for eight years commander. He has always taken great interest in educational matters, and was a continuous member of the School Hoard of Hol- yoke for fifteen years, up to the time of his re- moval to Springfield. Colonel Clark was married .Vugust 23, 1866, to Miss Eliza A. Seaver, daugh- ter of Perley and Julia M. (Field) Seaver, of Holyoke. They have four children : Kate E., Edward S., Frederick B., and Alice M. Clark. March, he moved to Springfield : but, his health failing, he returned to Huntington in September, 1865. In January, 1872, he re-established him- COPELAND, Alfred Minott, of Springfield, member of the bar, is a native of Connecticut, born in Hartford, July 3, 1830, son of Alfred and Emma A. (Howd) Copeland. He is descended in the direct line from Lawrence Copeland through his son William, born in Kraintree, November 15, 1656, and married April 13, 1694, to a grand- daughter of John Alden of the " Mayflower." Their son Jonathan married Betty Snell, daughter of Thomas Snell, of Bridgewater ; their son Uaniel, born in 1741, married Susannah Ames, daughter of Joseph Ames, of West Bridgewater ; their son Daniel, born in 1767, married Abigail Shaw, daughter of Gideon Shaw, of Raynham, April 28, 1791 ; and their son Alfred, born April 17, 180 1, married Emma Augusta Howd, daughter of W'hite- head Howd, of New Hartford, Conn., September S, 1829. Alfred M. was educated in the public schools and in academies in part, and in part by private tuition. He attended public and some- times private schools until the age of twelve. At the age of thirteen he was at work at wood-turning and other wood-working, which he continued, with schooling winters, until he reached eighteen. After that he spent several terms, with interrup- tions, at academies, taught school some time, and at the age of twenty-two began reading law. He was admitted to the bar in December, 1855, and in January following began practice, established in the town of Huntington, Hampshire County, Mass. He remained there until June, 1863, when he moved to Chicopee. The following year, in ALFRED M. COPELAND. self in Springfield, and the following spring formed a copartnership with Judge Henry Morris, which continued for ten years. Since its dissolution he has practised alone. He was a special justice of the Police Court of Springfield for about twenty years, and during his residence in Huntington he was some time a trial justice. In Huntington also he was for one year town clerk, and served several terms on the School Committee. He also served one term on the School Committee in Springfield. In 1875 he was a representative for Springfield in the lower house of the Legislature. In politics he has usually acted with the Democratic party ; but he revolted against General Butler in 1883, and went over to the Republican party, where he remained until Blaine was nominated for the Presidency. That year, and in the two Presidential campaigns following, he voted for Cleveland. He has served in political conventions, and made political speeches in national and State campaigns. In religious faith he is a Unitarian, and has served on the parish committee in the Unitarian society in Springfield eleven years. He is a member of the Masonic order, four years master of the local 292 MEN OF PROGRESS. Masonic lodge ; and mcniber of the Connecticut Valley Historical Society. He is the author of the history of the former town of Murrayfield, which included the present towns of Chester and Huntington in Western Massachusetts. Mr. Cope- land was married at Huntington, December 31, 1857, to Miss Emyra A. Bigelow. They have two children : Alfred B. and Mary E. Copeland. CRANK, Kli.kry Bicknell, of Worcester, lumber merchant, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Colebrook, Coos County, November 12, 1836, son of Robert Pruden and Almira Paine (Bicknell) Crane. He is in the seventh genera- tion among the descendants of Henry Crane, of Wethersfield and Guilford, Conn., and in the eighth generation in descent from Zachary liick- nell, of Weymouth, Mass. Both ancestors came from Old England to the New, the former about the year 1640, and the latter 1636. His father was one of the original settlers of Beloit, Rock County, Wis., arriving there in the winter of 1836-37 ; and his mother followed with him, a babe of nine months, in August, 1837. He was educated in the common schools of Beloit, at the Beloit Seminary, and in the Preparatory Depart- ment of Beloit College. After leaving this depart- ment, not entering the college, he took a position as book-keeper in the office of a lumber merchant in the town. Not long after his employment here, however, as a result of the financial depression beginning in 1857, which was severely felt in the West even into and through the year 1859, the credit system was abandoned by his employer; and in i860 he took a trip overland to California. That fall he cast his first presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln while crossing the Sierra Moun- tains, at a station called Strawberry Valley. After spending about two years in California and Oregon, he returned by way of the isthmus, to New York, and was soon re-established in the lumber trade as book-keeper and salesman for a lumber merchant in Boston, He continued in this capacity for several years, when the business was sold out. Then in April, 1867, he estab- lished himself in Worcester as a lumber merchant on his own account, where he has since remained, steadily successful, having met no interruptions or disturbances in his business from the start. Al- though this has demanded much the larger part of his time, he has found opportunities to devote some spare moments to literary work in the line of local history and genealogy, having compiled and published the " Revised Rawson Family Memorial" in 1875, and in 1887 "The Ancestry of Edward Rawson, Secretary of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay." He is now, and for a number of years has been, engaged in collecting materials for and compiling a history of his own family, " The Cranes in America and in Old England." He was among the early members of the Worcester Society of Antiquity, one of its corporate members in 1877, was at the first meeting after incorporation, on March 6, that year, elected second vice-president, and was president for twelve years from January, 1881, declining the annual election given him for 1893. He has served in the Worcester Common Council two terms, from January, 1876, to January, 1880, and on the Board of Aldermen two years, 1886 and 1887, declining to be a candidate for further service on account of the demands of his busi- ness. During the entire time of his service in the City Council he was an active worker on impor- tant standing and special committees. He is a B. CRANE. prominent member of the \\'orcester County Mechanics' Association, elected to the board of directors in 1884, vice-president 1887-89, presi- MEN OF PROGRESS. 293 dent in 1890 91 and liu dLdi\eicd the historical and trustee of several large estates. He is a address at tlie tiftieth anni\ersary of the asso- member of the American Antiquarian Society and ciation. on the sth of February. ICS92. He was of the Worcester Fire .Society, and belongs to the also for three years president of the Worcester Builders' Exchange, and for the same length of time was president of the Sons and Daughters of New Hampshire. He is the compiler of the "Memoirs, Sons and Daughters of New Hamp- shire, Worcester, 1880 to 1885," giving the history of this association, with its transactions during the period covered by the above dates. In politics he has been a steadfast Republican from the time of his first vote, and has voted reg- ularly at e\ery election. Mr. Crane was married May 13, 1859, to Miss Salona Aldrich Rawson, a descendant in the eighth generation of Edward Rawson, secretary of the Massachusetts Bay Col- ony from 1650 to 1686. They have had but one child : Morton Rawson Crane. DEWE\', Francis Henshaw, of Worcester, member of the bar, is a native of Worcester, born March 23, 1856, son of Francis H. and Sarah B. (Tufts) Dewey. He comes of a family distin- guished in the annals of the Massachusetts judici- ary, his father having been a judge of the Supe- rior Court for twelve years, and his grandfather, Charles A. Dewey, a judge of the Supreme Judi- cial Court for twenty-nine years, — from 1837 until his death in 1866. Francis H. was educated in private schools, fitting for college at St. Mark's School, Southboro. He graduated at Williams College in the class of 1876, receiving the degree of A.M. three years later. His preparation for his profession was made at the Harvard Law School, from which he graduated in 1878, and in the law office of Staples & Goulding, of Worcester ; and he was admitted to the bar in February, 1879. He has practised at \\'orcester since that time, and engaged also in financial, railroad, and other interests. He has been solicitor of the Worcester Mechanics' Savings Bank since 1880, clerk of the bank since 1882, and trustee since 1888 ; has been president of the Mechanics' National Bank since April, 1888 ; for several years a director of the Norwich & Worcester Railroad Company, of the Worcester Gas Light Company, of the Worces- ter Traction Company, of the Worcester Con- solidated Street Railway Company ; director and treasurer of the Proprietors of the Bay State House, and of the Worcester Theatre Association ; FRANCIS H. DEWEY. leading clubs of Worcester, — the Worcester, the Hancock, and the Quinsigamond Boat clubs. In politics he is Republican, but is not active, having no time or inclination for political work. He was married December 12, 1878, to Miss Lizzie D. Bliss, daughter of Harrison and Sarah Howe Bliss. They have one daughter, Elizabeth Bliss, and one son, Francis Henshaw Dewey, Jr. DODGE, Thomas Hutchins, of Worcester, law3'er, inventor, and manufacturer, is a native of Vermont, born in Eden, Lamoille County, Septem- ber 27. 1823, fourth son of Malachi F. and Jane (Hutchins) Dodge. His ancestors were Malachi F.", Enoch'', Elisha^ Joseph-, and Richard', who settled in Salem, Mass., in 1638, from England. His father was a substantial farmer, first in Eden, and afterwards in Lowell, Vt., moving to the latter place when Thomas H. was a child. Here the boy lived, until about fourteen years of age, a free farm life, attending the district school during the winters. 'I'hen, his eldest brother having secured a position with the Nashua (N.H.) Manufacturing 294 MEN OF PROGRESS. Company, the family moved to Xasluia, where his schooling was continued in the public schools. While yet in his teens, determining to become a lawyer and a manufacturer, and desiring to act for himself, he agreed with his father upon a simi to be paid for his time during the remainder of his minority ; and, when the papers were duly executed and signed, he set out to prepare himself for his chosen vocations. His first aim was to master the business of manufacturing cotton cloth ; and to this end he began at the beginning, finding a place in one of the carding-rooms of a mill as a roll carrier. Meanwhile he read many books and papers bear- ing on the subject. When he had earned sufficient funds, he left Nashua, and entered the Gymna- sium Institute at Pembroke, N.H., where he made rapid progress, ranking among the foremost in his class. After leaving Pembroke, he returned to Nashua, and secured a place in the spinning and weaving departments of the Nashua Manufacturing Company. Remaining in this position till he had acquired a full knowledge of the processes, and again had a small capital in hand saved from his earnings, he took up a course of study in the Nashua Literary Institute. This completed, he returned to the mills, and was soon made second in charge of the warping, dressing, and drawing-in departments. Subsequently he was promoted to the full charge of these departments, the youngest person who had ever held this position. In the mean time he had been pursuing a course of study in elementary law, and continuing his studies in Latin under a private tutor. He also compiled a " Review of the Rise, Progress, and Present Im- portance of Cotton Manufactures of the United States : together with Statistics, showing the Com- parative and Relative Remuneration of English and American Operatives," which he published in the year 1850. While in charge of departments of the Nashua Manufacturing Company's business he was enabled, through his e.xact knowledge of de- tails, considerably to reduce expenses, and by his ingenious inventions to impro\e the character of the work. He made numerous other experiments and improvements; and in 1851 a patent was ob- tained for a printing-press of his inxention. to print from a roll of cloth or paper, and cut the material into the desired lengths after the impres- sion was made and while in motion, which was the beginning of the revolution in machinery for print- ing paper, culminating in the lightning presses of the present day. In 185 i he turned his attention directly to preparation for the law. entering the office of the Hon. George Y. Saw-yer and Colonel A. F. Stevens, of Nashua ; and on the 5 th of December, 1854, he was admitted to the New- Hampshire bar. He immediately began practice in Nashua; but soon after, in March, 1855, being offered by the Hon. Charles Mason, then United States commissioner of patents, a position in the examining corps of the patent office, he moved to Washington. He remained in the patent office nearly four years, the greater portion of the time serving as examiner-in-chief, having been early appointed to that position, and the last year as THOMAS H. DODGE. chairman of the permanent board of appeals estab- lished in December. 1857. While in the patent office, he invented the important improvement in the mowing machine, by which the finger bar and cutting apparatus are controlled by the driver from his seat, now in almost universal use, and estimated to save the labor of over one million of laborers during the harvesting season in this and foreign countries. Resigning from the patent office in November, 1858. to resume the practice of law. he was admitted to the Supreme Court of the United States, and opened an office in Wash- ington ; and for twenty-five years thereafter he enjoyed a large and lucrative practice in patent MEN OF PROGRESS. 295 cases, both in the East and West, ranking among the first in that branch of tiie profession. It is due to the efforts of Mr. Uodge, while a resident of Washington, that letters, uncalled for, are re- turned to the writers, he having in 1S56 fully elaborated the plan and details thereof, and pre- sented them in writing to the then Postmaster- General, Judge Cambell. Early in the si.xties Mr. Dodge became one of the active managers of the Union Mowing Machine Company, established in Worcester, and also opened a branch law office here; and in 1864 he took up his residence in this citv. In 1 881, while still engaged in his ex- tensi\'e law practice, he joined Charles G. Wash- burn in the organization of the Worcester Barb Eence Company, with himself as president and Mr. Washburn as secretary and manager, and began the manufacture of the four-pointed cable barbed fence wire of their invention, now made by the \^'ashburn & Moen Manufacturing Com- pany, which subsequently purchased their entire plant and patents. In 1884 Mr. Dodge retired from active professional work, and has since given much of his time to his extensive farm interests in Worcester and Western Iowa, where he owns one of the largest farms west of the Mississippi, and to his extensive grounds about his town residence. During his residence in Worcester he has been a public-spirited and generous citizen, having given to the city a tract of thirteen acres for a public park; presented to the trustees of the Odd Fel- lows' State Home the tract of land covering thir- teen acres on which the Home stands, and land for Odd Fellows' Park, though himself not a mem- ber of the order ; materially aided the Worcester Natural History Society in its efforts to maintain summer schools for the young ; and assisted lib- erally in building Union, Piedmont, and other churches in Worcester. With the exception of service on the first city council of Nashua, when a law student in the early fifties, he has held no elective office. He was married June 29, 1843, to Miss Eliza Daniels, of Brookline, N.H. They have no children. DOL'GLASS, Fraxklix Pikrce, of \\"orcester. proprietor of the Hay State House, is a native of Lynn, born February 7, 1853, son of Franklin J. and Semantha A. (Stiles) Douglass. His father was a well-known citizen of Lynn, at one time a member of the citv government ; and his mother was of Bethel, Maine, daughter of .\ndrew J. Stiles. His grandfather, Samuel Douglass, was a native of York, Me., was a merchant, also a hotel-keeper there, and was largely interested in the Southern coastwise trade, running schooners and other craft sailing north and south. His edu- cation was attained in the Lynn common schools, at the Littleton (N.H.) High School, and at Thet- ford Academy, at Thetford Hill, Vt. His first experience in hotel life was obtained when yet a boy, at the old Union House, Littleton, X.H. He was next employed at the Profile House, White Mountains. Thence he went to the office F. p. DOUGLASS. of the United States Hotel, Boston, when but seventeen years of age. He remained there till 1875, when he leased the Mettakesett Lodge at Katama, Martha's Vineyard, which he conducted one season. In the autumn of the same year he came to the Bay State as its chief clerk, and from that time has been connected with this house. He continued as chief clerk until 1888, when, in connection with a partner, he bought the lease and furniture, and became proprietor, .\fter four years of partnership he bought the interest of his partner, and has since conducted the house alone, making it a prosperous one. He has spent many thousand dollars in modern furnishings and re- 296 MEN OF PROGRESS. pairs, and pul the large house in tiiorougli condi- tion. Mr. Douglass is connected with the Ma- sonic order, a member of the Quinsigamond Lodge, Eureka Chapter, Hiram Council, \\'orcester Lodge of Perfection, Lawrence Chapter Rose Croix, and the Worcester C"ounty Commandery Knights Templar, all of Worcester ; of the Boston Con- sistory of Boston, thirty-second degree, and of Aleppo Temple, Mystic Shrine of Boston. He is also a member of the Gesang Verein Frohsinn, of the Elks, of the Worcester Council No. 12, Royal Arcanum, and of the Hancock Club. He was married in 1880 to Miss L. Etta \\"ilco.x, a daughter of Alfred \\'. Wilcox, of Worcester. They have one child : Grace W. Douglass, born in 1882. EARLE, Stephen Carpenter, of Worcester, architect, was born in Leicester, January 4, 1839, son of .Amos .S. and Hannah (Carpenter) Earle. He is a lineal descendant of Ralph Earle, born near Exeter, England, who came to New England about the )'ear 1630, and soon after settled in Rhode Island. His great-great-great-grandfather Ralph, grandson of the first Ralph, was one of the original settlers of Leicester ; and Steward South- gate and Nathaniel Potter, also original settlers of Leicester, were ancestors of his father's mother. On the maternal side he descends from the Car- penters and Tafts, early settlers in the southern part of Worcester County. He was educated in the Leicester district school, the Friends' Boarding School, Providence, R.L, and the High School, Worcester. He subsequently took a short course in architectural design in the Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology. After leaving school, he was for five years a book-keeper. Then he pursued the study of architecture in various architects' offices in New York and A\"orcester, broken by eleven months' service in the l^nion army (1862, 1863). For one year he was draughtsman at the Hoosac Tunnel, and in 1865-66 seven months were devoted to the tour of Europe, with study along the way. Upon his return from Europe he began work as an architect, opening his office in Worcester in February, 1S66. In March of the same year he was joined by James E. Fuller, and the firm of Earle & Fuller was established. This continued for ten years. Afterwards Mr. Earle was alone till 1891, when on the first of July he entered into partnership with Clellan W. Fisher, under the firm name of Earle ^; J-'isher, which re- lation still continues. From 1872 to 1885 he had a Boston office as well as a Worcester one. His work has been of a general character, public and private, including many fine churches, among them All Saints', Saint Matthew's, Saint Mark's, Central, Pilgrim, .South Unitarian, and others of less importance in \\'orcester ; the new building for the Worcester Free Public Library and many fine libraries elsewhere ; the buildings for the Worcester Polytechnic Institute ; the Slater Memo- rial, Norwich, Conn., Iowa College Library, Good- now Hall, for the Huguenot Seminary, in South Africa, and numerous other school and college buildings in various parts. He is a member of the American Institute of .Vrchitects, of the Worcester Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, and of the Boston Society of Archi- tects. In addition to his professional work he is interested in the Worcester Co-operative Bank, of which he has been a director from its foun- dation, was vice-president from 1885 to 1888, and has been president since 1888. In politics he is an ardent Republican, but without ambition for office, and in religious faith an Episcopalian. STEPHEN C. EARLE. He has been senior warden of Saint John's Church, Worcester, since 1889, was junior warden from 1887 to 1889, and vestryman from 1884 to MEN OF PROGRESS. 297 1887 : ;iiicl vestryman in All Saints" Church from 1S79 to 1885. He has also been on the board of directors of the Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation since i88g. Other organizations to which he belongs are the Episcopal Church Club, the (^uinsigamond Boat Club, the Hancock Club, and the Art Society, all of Worcester ; and the Grand Army of the Republic. He was married October 19, 1869, to Miss Mary L. Brown, of Worcester, who is descended from the first white child born in Worcester. Their children are: Charles B. (horn July 18, 1S71, graduated at Harvard Col- lege 1894), Ralph (born May 3, 1874, now a cadet in the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis), Richard B. (born May 29, 1876, now a student at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute), Ruth S. (born December 17, 1882), and Edward Karle (born November 27. i88g). his law business down to conveyancing, e.xamina- tion of titles to real estate, and probate practice : and it is believed that he now (1894) has the ELLIS, Ralph Waterbury, of Springfield, member of the Hampden bar, was born in South Hadley Falls, November 25, 1856, son of Theo- dore W. and Maria Louise (Van Boskerck) Ellis. He is of Puritan stock on one side, and of Dutch on the other, his mother being a lineal descendant of Anneke Jans, famous as the grantor of lands occupied by Trinity Church in New York City, and domiciled in this country before any Mayflower matrons stepped upon Plymouth Rock. His father was an active business man, having for many years the management of the Glasgow- Mills at South Hadley Falls. He was educated in the common schools of his native town, in the High School of Springfield, the family moving to that city in 187 1, and at Harvard College, grad- uating in the class of 1879. He was valedic- torian of his class in the High School in 1875, and graduated eleventh in his college class. When in college, he was prominent in indoor athletics, taking the horizontal bar cup one year ; and was secretary of the Pi Eta Society. As a boy, spending some time in his father's office, he had familiarized himself with business methods and management : but upon graduation from col- lege he proceeded to prepare for professional life. He entered the law office of the Hon. M. P. Knowlton at Springfield, and took the two years' course at the Harvard Law School, and, being admitted to the Hampden County bar on Novem- ber 17, 188 1, at once began active practice, with office in Springfield. He has gradually narrowed RALPH W. ELLIS. largest conveyancing practice of any single lawyer in Western Massachusetts. He is also connected with numerous corporations : a director of the Holyoke Card and Paper Company, of other manufacturing companies, and of the Springfield National Bank ; and a trustee of the Springfield Five Cents Savings Bank. In 1893 he was a representative for the Sixth Hampden District in the General Court, where he served on the committees on insurance and on public service. He is a member of the \\'inthrop Club of Spring- field, the Phi Beta Kappa, Har\ard, the Con- necticut Valley Congregational Club, and the Connecticut Valley Historical 'Society. He was married April 13, 1882, to Miss Katharine .VUyn Rice, of Springfield. They have one son : Theo- dore \\'aterburv Ellis, Jr. FARRAR, Henry Tilla, of Worcester, real estate, fire insurance and mortgage broker, is a native of Princeton, born January 28, 1837, son of Peter and Persis (Chaffin) Farrar. He is of English and Scotch ancestry, a direct descendant, 298 MEN OF PROGRESS. on the paternal side, of Judge Farrar, who came from England, and settled in I'epperell. He was educated in the common schools of Princeton, and was early at work with his father, who was a carpenter and contractor. At the age of twenty- four he was established in the grocery business in Lynn, a member of the firm of Farrar & Hart- well. Two years later, in 1863, he sold out this business, and went to New York, where he entered an insurance office then at the corner of Broad- way and Murray Street. In 1S65 he became the New Flngland agent of Jesse Oakley & Co., and was with this firm, and with Colgate & Co., until The office of the firm, in the Knowles Kuilding, finished in oak and highly decorated, has been pronounced the finest real estate office in New^ England. Mr. Farrar is a director of the Worces- ter Board of Trade, and president of the Common- wealth Club. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, member of the Morning Star Lodge of Worcester and of the Worcester Royal Arch Chapter. Among other organizations to which he belongs is the Tattasit Canoe Club, of which he is an honorary member. In politics he is a Repub- lican. He has been active at times in political movements, but has never sought or desired office. He was married August 12, i860, to Mary E. Partridge, daughter of Dr. Warren Partridge, of Princeton. They had no children. Mrs. Farrar died on the 4th of February, 1889. HENRY T. FARRAR. 1885, when he started his present business in Worcester. This rapidly developed until it be- came one of the most extensive of its class in the city. After three 'years alone, he formed a part- nership with Charles L. Gates, under the firm name of Farrar & Gates, which has since con- tinued. He has carried through some of the most important real estate transactions in Worcester, including the largest deal ever consummated here, — the purchase in 1894 of half an acre of the most valuable business property on Main Street, on be- half of the State Mutual Life Insurance Company, for a costly business block, — and conducted an extensive fire insurance and mortgage business. FAY, James Monroe, M.D., of Northampton, was born in Chester, Hampden County, March 23, 1847, son of Warren and Jane D. (Bell) Fay. His early education was somewhat blighted by the sud- den death of his father, leaving his mother with five children, himself, the eldest, but eight years of age, in destitute circumstances. The following years of boyhood he spent on a farm with Deacon Moses Gamwell, of Middlefield, attending the pub- lic schools during the winter months only. At the age of fifteen he left the farm, and entered the employ of his uncle, William Fay, of Chester, to learn the wood-turning trade. Here he was en- gaged for two years, attending, as before, the win- ter terms of the public schools. His plan for fur- ther education met with repeated disappointments. For two years his time and means were given to the care and comfort of his only brotlier, who de- veloped a hip-joint disease, and, after unabated suft'ering, died. He continued, however, to study text-books at odd hours, and subsequently was enabled to take a course at Wilbraham Academy, boarding himself and working his way from dav to day. He began the study of medicine with the late Dr. William O. Bell, of Westfield, afterwards attending medical lectures at the University of Vermont, where he graduated in June, 1875. Later he attended a course of lectures at the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. He was first in practice in the town of Colebrook, Conn., but soon removed by invitation to his native town, where for eight years he was the only physician and surgeon. At the end of MEN OF PROGRESS. !99 that period, having overworked, he was eompelled to take a rest, whicli resulted in the sale of his practice in this town, and his establishment in kidneys," insomnia, cathartics, insanity, poliomy- elitis, and chorea ; and lias delivered lectures on ethnology of the races, trifles, and association of ideas. He is a Knight Templar, member and treasurer of the Northampton Commandery. Since 1891 he has been a trustee of the Hamp- shire Savings liank. Dr. Fay was first married May 10. 1S71. in Northampton, to Mi.ss Harriette Forsyth. She died February 8, 1886. He mar- ried second, March 23, 1887, in Hatfield, Miss Mary L. Hubbard, daughter of Klisha and Cor- delia ( Randall) Hubbard. He has three children : Clara E. by his first, and Grace L. and Mary Bell Fav bv his second marriage. GARDNER, Ch.-^rlf.s Lefevrk, of Palmer, district attorney for the Western district, was born in Cummington, Hampshire Country, May 27, 1839, son of Elisha and Elvira (Sprague) Gardner. His education was acquired in the public schools and in the famous Ashfield Academy, and he read law in the office of the late Judge S. 'I". Spaulding, of Northampton. Upon his admission to the bar in 1867 he established himself in Palmer, and has J. M, FAY. Northampton. While in Chester, he was twice elected a member of the School lioard, on which he served as chairman five consecutive years. In Northampton he was elected a member of the Koard of Health in 1887. and the following year city physician, which offices he held, through re- peated elections, till his election to the Legislature in the autumn of 1891 for the term of 1892, when he resigned both. As a member of the Legisla- ture, he served on the committee on public chari- table institutions, and was appointed one of the delegates to represent the State at the dedication of the World's Fair buildings in Chicago. Dr. Fay is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, president of the Hampshire Medical As- sociation, a member of the medical staff of the Cooly Dickinson Hospital, Northampton, member and secretary of the board of examining surgeons for pensions, and medical examiner for various life insurance companies. He enjoys a good gen- eral practice, and as a consulting physician is fre- quentlv called outside of his regular field. He has written a number of papers on medical topics, CHARLES L. GARDNER. since resided there. He was at first associated with James G. Allen, afterwards Judge Allen of treating chiefly " congenital cystic degeneration of the Eastern Hampden District Court, under the 30O MEN OF PROGRESS. firm name of Allen & Gardner; but since 1870 he has practised alone, his field embracing the prin- cipal places in the county. From 1870 to 1872, when the Eastern Hampden District Court was established, he was trial justice for Hampden County. He was elected district attorney for the Western district, comprising Hampden and Berk- shire counties, in the autumn election of 1892, for the term of three years. During the years 1875 and 1S76 he represented his town in the lower house of the Legislature, and in 1878 and 1879 was a State senator, serving both terms in the House, and through his two terms in the Senate, on the committee on the judiciary; and in his second year in the House as a member also of the special committee on constitutional amendments. In 1868 he was appointed assistant internal reve- nue assessor, and held that office till 1S70, when it was abolished. In 1886 he was made a mem- ber of the Board of Trustees of the State Primary and Reform Schools, and served one term, declin- ing a reappointment. In politics he is a Repub- lican, prominent in the party councils. From 1879 to 1882 he was a member of the e.\ecutive com- mittee of the Republican State Committee. In Palmer he has long been identified with move- ments for the development and prosperity of the town. He has been a trustee of the Palmer Savings Bank for many years, and from 1882 to 1890 was its president. He was married May 19, 1869, to Miss Esther E. Gilmore. of Monson, daughter of the late Nathaniel Gilmore, in his day a leading citizen of StafTord, Conn. They have two children : Charles Gilmore and Edwin Sprague Gardner. GERE, Henry Sherwood, of Northampton, editor of the Hampshire Gazette, is a native of Williamsburg, born April 30, 1828, son of Edward and Arabella (Williams) Gere. His grandfather, Isaac Gere, came to Northampton from Preston, Conn., in 1793; was a watch and clock maker, became a prominent citizen, one of the leading business men, and erected the first brick store in Northampton. Henry S. was educated in the public schools, at Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, and at Williston Seminary, Easthampton, one of the first to enter the latter institution. His con- nection with newspapers began at the age of seventeen, when he entered as an apprentice the printing-office of the Hampshire Herald, the first abolition or anti-slavery paper published in West- ern Massachusetts. W nineteen he took the paper, and, with a fellow-apprentice as a partner, began to publish and edit it, having previously HENRY S. CERE. had a brief experience in a little venture of his own, called the Holyoke Mountaineer. After a year, during which time he did the editorial work and worked with his partner at the case and press, the Herald was merged into the Northampton Courier, then also a free-soil paper ; and he took the position of general assistant. Eight months later, in April, 1849, he bought the Courier, and for nearly ten years published and edited it alone. In 1858 the Courier and the Hampshire Gazette (dating from 1786) were united, and he has been a publisher and editor of that paper ever since. His service in newspaper printing-offices of nearly half a century (forty-nine years, March 5, 1894) is the longest in the Western part of the State, if not in the whole State, — the entire period in the same town, and thirty-si.x years in the same office. He is still on duty daily, doing his full share of work as the head of his paper, which he has kept stead- ily up with the times. Since November i, i8go, a daily edition has been issued. During the Civil ^^'ar he was eleven months in the Union army, en- listing as a private in the Fifty-second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, in 1862. The regi- MEN OF PROGRESS. 301 ment formed a part of the forces under General Banks in Louisiana, and soon after its arrival there he was detailed as postmaster at Katon Rouge, and served in that capacity through the term of his enlistment. For eighteen years ( 1859- 77) he was county treasurer (Hampshire County), and for six years served on the School Committee of Northampton ; and he has held quite a number of smaller positions. He might have held legis- lative office, but he preferred to remain with his paper. He has mingled much with the people, and has been a welcome speaker at numerous banquets and rural gatherings. In politics he was first of the Liberty party, enlisting in the abolition contest with fervor, then of the Free-soil party, and then of the Republican. He has been chairman of the Republican county committee for twenty-five years. In 1890 the honorary de- gree of A.M. was conferred upon him by Amherst College. Mr. Gere was married August 22, 1849, at Easthampton, to Miss Martha Clark. They have had seven children : George S., Collins H., Edward C, Frederick, Mary E., William H., and Martha F. Gere. County, May i, 1859, son of the Rev. Edward J. and Rebecca J. (Fuller) Giddings. He was edu- cated in the public schools of Great Harrington, Mass. Subsequently he studied law in the office of Justin Dewey, now of the Superior Court bench. He was graduated from the law- school of the University of Michigan in 1883, having been ad- mitted to the Michigan bar the previous year. He began newspaper work in 1884 as a reporter on the staff of the paper of which he is now the managing editor. He was promoted to the city editorship in 1887, and became managing editor in i8Sg. He is a member of the Hampden Lodge of Odd Fellows and of the Winthrop Club, Springfield. In politics he is a Republican. He was married September 16, 1879, ^^ Miss Nellie Barnes Wood, of Great Harrington. They have two children : Harold Fuller and Olive Giddings. EDWARD F. GIDDINGS. GIDDINGS, Edward Fuller, of Springfield, managing editor of the Uriioii^ is a native of New York, born in the town of Eaton, Madison GILL, James D., of Springfield, fine arts dealer, was born in Hinsdale, Berkshire County, June 27, 1849, son of Bartholomew and Mary (Dwyer) Gill. His education was acquired in the pubhc schools and at the academy of Hins- dale. Out of school hours he was generally employed by the townspeople on errands or was interested in healthful games. For one summer he was on a farm belonging to George T. Plunkett, and drove the milk-cart through the village. In the spring months he bought maple sugar, and peddled it on the cars between Hinsdale and Pittsfield, clearing, many a day, ten dollars for his day's work. He left Hinsdale in 1867 for a posi- tion offered him by the Hon. Lewis J. Powers, of Springfield, in the retail department of the latter's paper and notion business. Here he was en- gaged until 1869, when Mr. Powers sold this department, and thereafter was with Charles W. Clark, the purchaser, vuitil 187 1. Then he en- tered business on his own account, forming a partnership with the late Frederick R. Hayes, under the firm name of Gill & Hayes. This relation continued until 1876, when he succeeded to the entire business, and has since remained the sole proprietor. For many years he has been interested in the best work of the foremost of American artists ; and through them his name has become widely known, not only in this country, but in Europe. His annual exhibitions have been given always in the month of February, and the works shown have come direct from the artists' 302 MEN OF PROGRESS. studios, personally selected by him. Each one of the seventeen exhibitions thus far given has been a marked success. The galleries in which the works are shown were erected especially for this purpose, and are admirably constructed and arranged. From them canvases have gone to nearly every State in the Union. Mr. Gill is a firm believer in the future of American art, and his convictions are only strengthened by his fre- quent visits to the principal galleries of the Old World. He enters into the social, political, and business life of his adopted city as few men do. He belongs to the W'inthrop Club, is a member late Milton A. Clyde, of Springfield. They have one son : James Milton Gill. Mr. Gill lives on upper Worthington Street, in one of the most attractive residences of the neighborhood. JAMES D. GILL. of the De Soto Lodge of Odd Fellows, and of Springfield Lodge of Freemasons. In politics he is an ardent Republican. He was president of the Harrison and Morton Battalion in 1888, president of the City Republican Club from 1890 to 1893, chairman of the Republican county committee of Hampden for about six years, and until he resigned; and he is now (1894) vice- president of the National League of Republican clubs for Massachusetts. He represented his ward in the Springfield City Council in 1880 and 1 88 1, and was a member of the Board of Alder- men in 1883. Mr. Gill was married November 16, 1874, to Miss Kvelyn Clyde, daughter of the GILMORE, DvviGHT Olm.stead, of Springfield, proprietor of the Court Square Theatre, is a native of Connecticut, born in the towm of Staf- ford, November 2, 1837, son of Nathaniel and Charlotte A. (Olmstead) Gilmore. Both parents were also Connecticut born, his grandparents be- ing natives of Enfield. His birthplace was the Stafford Street Hotel, in stage-coach days a regular stopping-place for meals of the old New York and Boston stage line, of which his father was landlord. He comes from a family of hotel-keepers. His mother's brother, Elisha Holton Olmstead, known as "the deacon," began in the noted Warriner Tavern in Springfield, now known as Chandler's Hotel, from which he went to Boston, and with his brother, John Dwight Olmstead, managed the Tremont for a number of years, and was also connected with the Revere House at Boston and the Ocean House at New- port, R.L Four stages stopped at the Stafford Street Hotel and changed horses daily, and in the great stables adjoining the stage line company kept a large number of its teams. He can remember seeing his father sitting in the saddle, waiting for the mounted courier with the Presi- dent's message, which he took under his arm, and carried to the next stopping-place, Sturbridge, on its way to the State House, at Boston. Here the boy lived till he was six years old, when his father died, leaving his mother with four small children, whom she moved to Monson, Mass., her home some time before her marriage, and bravely went to work to support and educate them. The mother and children are all still living. The oldest, Charles N., is assistant superintendent of the Rock Island Railroad, Edwin G. is proprietor of the Academy of Music, Fourteenth Street, New York, and the sister is the wife of Charles L. Gardner, of Palmer, district attorney of Hamp- den and Berkshire counties. Dwight O. ac- quired his education in the common schools and at Monson Academy, which after his tenth year and until his seventeenth he attended winters only, working on neighboring farms through the spring, summer, and autumn seasons. At the age of seventeen he apprenticed himself to a local MEN OF PROGRESS. 303 spectacle-maker, L). D. Moody, of Monson, to learn the trade of spectacle-making, at that time quite an industry. He served three years as apprentice and three years more as a journeyman in Mr. Moody's employ. The opening of the Civil War and the high premium on gold and silver temporarily ruining the spectacle business, and Mr. Moody finally being obliged to close his shop, young Gilmore came to Springfield (May 13, 1862), intending to go to work in tlie pistol shop of Smith & Wesson, a former shopniate liaving secured him a place here. By an unavoidable delay, however, he failed to reach Springfield at !»■■:« «^i.. J» »<-5!!«f=>- •"iS? UWIGHT O. GILMORE. entirely renovated it, changing the name from Haynes's Music Hall to Gilmore's Opera House. Subsequently he further improved the Opera House, and also enlarged the hotel, making it one of the largest in the city, in the spring of 189 1 he began his most important undertaking, the erection of the Court Square Theatre and busi- ness block adjoining, in the heart of the city. These were completed in the autumn of 1892, one of the handsomest groups of buildings in Springfield ; and the beautiful theatre, pronounced by the Springfield Rcpiihlicaii in every particular comparable with the best, was formally opened on the evening of September 5, with a brilliant audience, including Governor Russell with mem- bers of his statif as guests, and the leading citi- zens of Springfield. In February, 1892, the excellence of his work was formally recognized by the presentation (on the evening of the 24th) of the painting of "Ophelia" by Jules Joseph Lefebvre, of Paris, for which the subscribers paid $5,000, bearing this inscription : " Presented to Dwight O. Gilmore by his friends, in appreciation of his enterprise and public spirit in building the Court Square Theatre, Springfield, Mass., Sep- tember 5th, 1892." The presentation was made by a committee of citizens representing the sub- scribers to the fund, and the painting now hangs in the foyer of the theatre. Mr. Gilmore has served in both branches of the city government of Springfield, — in the Common Council in i88t and 1882, and in the Board of Aldermen in 1883-84, — receiving in each case the nomination from both parties. He is himself a Republican. He is one of the stockiiolders of the Hampden Park Association of Springfield, and treasurer of the trottino- association. He is unmarried. the appointed time, and another man was taken for the place. In looking about for another open- ing, he found that he could purchase an interest in the Music Hall Dining-rooms, which was then the principal restaurant of the city, and occupied the site of the present Opera House. This was his opportunity, and he seized it. He continued the business, after the burning of the Music Hall on July 24, 1864, occupying the basement of the present building, which succeeded that structure, until 1868, when he sold out, and built the Gilmore Building at No. 420 Main Street. In 187 1 he added the hotel adjoining. Ten years later, in 1 88 1, he bought the Opera House property, and GRANT, CH.A.RLES Enw.4RD, of Worcester, fire insurance business, is a native of Maine, born in Kennebunk, June 14, 1842, son of Edward and Rebecca (Mason) Grant. His father was of Scotch, and his mother of English descent. His ancestors on the paternal side were among the earliest settlers in the vicinity of Saco, Me., coming there from Cape Cod ; and on the maternal side he descends from settlers in Haverhill in 1648, who subsequently removed to near Keene, N.H. He was educated in the public schools of Boston, his parents moving to that city when he was a child. He served throughout the Civil 304 MEN OF PROGRESS. War. eiilistinj; on the 2jcl of Sei)tember, iS6i, as sergeant in the Twenty-fourth Regiment, Massa- chusetts Volunteers, having served during the pre\MOUs May with the New England Guards at Fort Independence. Boston Harbor. He was commissioned second lieutenant May 23, 1863, and captain in the Fifty-fifth Regiment, Massa- chusetts Volunteers, the 7th of June following; then major by brevet for gallantry on James Island, S.C, July 2, 1864. During the last year of his service he was detached for staff duty, act- ing as aid and provost marshal in July, 1864; su- CHAS. E. GRANT. perintendent of transportation from Charleston, to Columbia, S.C, in May and June, 1865 ; and post quartermaster at Orangeburg. .S.C, from July to August 29, when he was mustered out. Imme- diately after the war he engaged in the flour and grain business in P.oston, in which he continued till 1872, when he entered the oflice of the lioyl- ston Insurance Company, Boston. Three years later he established himself in Worcester, pur- chasing a small fire insurance business there. This gradually increased, partly by absorption of other agencies, until now he is at the head of the largest Worcester city agency. Mr. Grant is a member of the Commonwealth and Hancock clubs of Worcester, a director in the latter. In politics he is a Republican, but has never taken active part in public affairs. He was married November 29, 1S77, to Louella M. Howe, daugh- ter of John W. Howe, wire-goods manufacturer of Worcester. They have a daughter and three sons : Stephanie, Barton Howe, Malcolm Mason, and Harold Grant. GREEN, Samuel Swett, of Worcester, libra- rian of the Free Public Library, was born in Worcester, February 20, 1837. His father was James Green, son of the second Dr. John Green of \^■orcester, and brother of the third Dr. John Green of the same place. His mother is Elizabeth (Swett) Green. Through his father he is descended from Thomas Green, of Maiden, who came to this country about the year 1635 or 1636, and from Thomas Dudley, the second governor of the col- ony of Massachusetts Bay. Through his mother he is descended from Ralph .Sprague, who came to Charlestown in 1629, from Upway, Devonshire, England. Mr. Green graduated from the Worces- ter High School in 1854, and from Harvard Col- lege in 1858. In 1859 he visited Smyrna and Constantinople. Remaining two years in Worces- ter on account of ill health, in the autumn of 1 86 1 he entered the Divinity School of Harvard University, and graduated from that institution in 1864. He took the degree of Master of Arts in 1870 at Harvard, and in 1877 was chosen an honorary member of the chapter of the Phi Beta Kappa Society connected with the same univer- sity. In 1864 Mr. Green became book-keeper in the Mechanics' National Bank, Worcester, and, a few months later teller of the Worcester National Bank, in which position he remained several years. He declined the place of cashier of the Citizens' National Bank, Worcester, as suc- cessor to John C Ripley, and a position in the Worcester County Institution for Savings. He became a director of the Free Public Library, U'orcester, January i, 1867, and four years later, January 15, 187 i, librarian of the same institution. The latter is the position which he now holds. The library has grown rapidly in size and influ- ence under his care ; and a remarkable feature respecting its use is the very large proportion of books that is employed for study and purposes of reference. Mr. Green is one of the distinguished librarians of the countrv, and is regarded as an MEN OF PROGRESS. 305 authority in regard to the use of libraries as pop- ular educational institutions and in respect to the establishment of close relations between libraries and schools. He has held various offices in the American Library Association, of which he was one of the founders. Having been elected presi- dent of the association in i8gi, he presided at the meetings held in San Francisco October 12-16 of that year. In May, 1892, he was chosen one of the original ten members of the new council of the association. Mr. Green was a delegate of the American Librarv .\ssociation to the International SAMUEL S. GREEN. Congress of Librarians held in London in October, 1877, was a member of the council of that body, and took an active part in the discussions carried on in its meetings. Before the close of the Con- gress the Library Association of the United King- dom was formed. Mr. Green was chosen an hon- orary member of that association in 1878. He was for many years a member of the committee ap- pointed by the overseers of Harvard University to make an annual e.xamination of the library, and gave annual courses of lectures, as lecturer on pub- lic libraries as popular educational institutions, to the students of the School of Library Economy, when that school was connected with Columbia College, New York City.j In October, 1890, Mr. Green was appointed by the governor of Massa- chusetts an original member of the State Board of Free Public Library Commissioners for a term of four years, and in 1894 was re-appointed for a full term of five years. In November, 1890, he assisted in the formation of the Massachusetts Library Club, and was elected first vice-president of the club. He was a member of the Advisory Council of the World's Congress Auxiliary of the World's Co- lumbian Exposition, on a Congress of Librarians, and presided over that congress during the pro- ceedings of the second day. He is a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society of (Jreat Britain, a member ofj the American .\ntiquarian Society, a member of the council of the latter body, and a member of the American Historical Associa- tion, of the New England Historic-Genealogical .Society, and of the Colonial Society of Massa- chusetts. He is a trustee of Leicester Acad- emy, and a trustee of the Worcester County Institution for Savings. He was the first presi- dent of the Worcester High School Association, and has been president of the Worcester Indian Association and of the Worcester Art Society, and treasurer of the Worcester Natural History Soci- ety. He is a member of the Art Commission of the St. Walstan Society, Worcester, and of the Sons of the Revolution, and lieutenant governor of the Society of Colonial Wars. Mr. Green has written constantly for the Library Journal since its establishment, and has made many contribu- tions to the proceedings of the American Anti- quarian Society. He has also contributed to other magazines and periodicals in the United States and England. He has written two books and several pamphlets on questions in library economy, which have been widely circulated and have exerted a great influence. He has made many addresses, and read a number of papers on library and other subjects, and has prepared monographs, which have been published by the Massachusetts Board of Education, the United States Bureau of Educa- tion, and the American Social Science Association. He was chairman of a committee of three gentle- men who supervised the preparation of the por- tion of the latest history of Worcester County which relates to the town and city of \\'orcester. He has printed several pamphlets, embodying the results of historical investigations. He belongs to the Worcester Club, Worcester, and the Univer- sity Club, Boston. Mr. Green is unmarried. 3o6 MEN OF PROGRESS. GRIFFIN, Solomon Bui.kley, managing editor of the Springfield Republican, was born in Will- ianistown, August 13, 1852, son of tlie Rev. Nathaniel Herrick Griffin. D.D., and Hannah E. (Bulkley) Griffin, daughter of the late Major Solo- mon Uulkley, of W'illiainstown. He is of sterling ancestry, descended on his father's side from Jasper (iriffin, of Southold, L.I., who was born in Wales about the year 1648. and died at Southold in 1718, and on his motlier's side from the Re\-. Peter liulkley. the founder of Concord, Mass., and its venerated first minister. His fatlier was lonir connected with Williams College. S. B. GRIFFIN. He was prepared for college by his father, but, owing to ill-health, took a partial course only, with the class of 1872, Williams. In 188 1 he was given the degree of A.M., and enrolled with his class. His studies were conducted directly with a view to journalism ; and in college he was one of the editors of the college weekly journal, the Videttc. Upon leaving college, he took a place upon the local staff of the Springfield Rcpiihlkan, and received a thorough training under that master in journal- ism, the late Samuel Bowles. He did all kinds of work in the editorial department, " proved apt in catching" Mr. Bowles's "methods and principles, and rich in the newspaper instinct" ( Merriam's '• Life and Times of Samuel Bowles "). Subse- quently he became local editor, and in 1878 man- aging editor, which position he has since held, doing constant editorial writing. From the day he entered the Rcpiibliian office he has devoted himself entirely to his profession, and is now one of the veterans in Massachusetts journalism. As an editor, he is progressive, alert, quick to adopt the best of new methods, while holding fast to the best of the old and tried ones. He is familiar with every detail of the newspaper, and in the work of supervision of departments, which falls to the professionally trained managing editor, lives up to the Bowles principle to " make every department such that everybody will want to read it." He has done excellent service also as a special correspondent for the Rcpiiblicati at na- tional and .State political conventions ; and in 18S5. spending some time in Mexico, he wrote a series of notable letters to his paper, which were later collected and published in book form in "Mexico of To-day "( New York : Harper Broth- ers, 1886). Mr. Griffin is a member of the Authors' Club of New York, of the University Club of fioston. and of the Nyasset and \\in- throp clubs of Springfield. In politics he is an Independent of the most independent sort. He was married November 25, 1892, to Miss Ida M. Southworth, of Springfield, daughter of the late John H. Southworth. They have one son : Bulk- lev .Southworth Griffin. HAILE, Wii.i.iA.M Henrv, of Springfield, man- ufacturer, lieutenant governor of the Common- wealth in 1890-91-92, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in the town of Chesterfield, September 23, 1833, son of William and Sabrana (Walker') Haile. His father was a successful merchant and manufacturer, and the first Republican governor of New Hampshire ( 1857-58). His early educa- tion was acquired in the public schools of Hins- dale, to which the family remo\'ed when he was a child ; and he was fitted for college at Kimball Union Academy in Meriden. N.H. He first entered Amherst, but after a \'ear spent there went to Dartmouth, where he was graduated with high honors in 1856. Immediately after gradua- tion he went to Springfield, and began the study of law in the office of Beach & Bond. Admitted to the bar in 1859, he established himself in Bos- ton, and practised for a short time. But his tastes MEN OF PROGRESS. 307 were for business rather than for the hiw ; and in 1861 he returned to Hinsdale and engaged there in the manufacture of woollen goods, forming a partnership with his father and the late Rufus S. Frost, of Chelsea, under the firm name of liaile. Frost, & Co. Subsequently the business was in- corporated as the Haile & Frost Manufacturing Company, with Mr. Haile as treasurer ; and upon the death of Mr. Frost he became president, which office he at present holds. He continued his residence in Hinsdale until 1872, when he removed to Springfield, which from that date has been his home. Mr. Haile early took an interest WILLIAM H. HAILE. in politics as a Republican, and not long after his return to Hinsdale he was elected as a repre- sentative of the town in the New Hampshire Leg- islature. He served there three terms, 1865-66- 71, taking a prominent part in the proceedings of the sessions. In Springfield he was elected mayor of the city for 1881, and the ne.xt two years was a State senator for the First Hampden Senatorial District. In the senate he served on the com- mittees on military afifairs (chairman), mercantile affairs (chairman), banks and banking, and man- ufactures, and was counted among the leading men on the Republican side of the chamber. He was first nominated for lieutenant jrovernor in the autumn of 1889, on the ticket headed by John Q. A. Brackett, for the term 1890. Renominated for the ne.\t election, again with Mr. Brackett, he was elected, the head of the ticket being defeated by William E. Russell, the Democratic candidate. In the next election he was a.ssociated with Charles H. .\llen, of Lowell, and again elected, the head of the ticket being again defeated by Governor Russell. In each of the three years that Mr. Haile was elected lieutenant governor his vote was larger than that of the Republican candidates for governor. In 1892 Mr. Haile was placed at the head of the Republican ticket with Roger Wolcott for lieutenant governor, and in this contest was defeated, Mr. Wolcott being elected with the Democratic (iovernor Russell. It will be remembered, however, that in this election a con- fusion arose in the marking of the ballots because of the presence of the name of Wolcott Hamlin on the tickets. In this way very many votes in- tended for Mr. Haile were negatived by wrong marking, and the number of such is believed by many of Mr. Haile's supporters to have been sufficient to lose him the election. Hesides his interest in the Haile & Frost Manufacturing Com- pany, Mr. Haile is connected officially with numer- ous manufacturing and financial companies. He is president of the -Springfield Gas Light Company ; director of the Springfield Fire and Marine Insur- ance Company, of the Massasoit Paper Company, the Chester Paper Company, the Berkshire Cotton Manufacturing Company in Adams ; director of the Pynchon National Bank and of the Winchester National Bank ; and trustee of the Springfield Institution for Savings. He is a member of the National Association of Wool Manufacturers, of the Home Market Club, of the Winthrop Club of Springfield ; a member of the Board of Fire Com- missioners, a director of the Springfield Library .Association, and a trustee of the Springfield Cem- etery Association. Mr. Haile was married on the I St of January, 1861, to Amelia L. Chapin, daughter of Ethan S. and Louisa B. Chapin, of Springfield. They have had three children : Will- iam C. (died August 14, 1864), Alice (now Mrs. Calkins), and Henry Chapin Haile. HALL, Charles, of Springfield, merchant, is a native of Vermont, born in Bennington, November 18, 1832. Through his father, Hilaird Hall, he is a descendant of John Hall, who was born in 3o8 MEN OF PROGRESS. England in 1584, came from Kent C'onnty to lios- ton in 1633, went thence to Hartford, Conn., about 1636, and wa.s one of the first settlers of Middletown, Conn., in 1650. Through his mother, Dolly Tuttle (Davis) Hall, he descends from Henry Davis, who was under General Stark at the line of rail fence in the battle of Bunker Hill ; served three years during the war, and was at West Point when Arnold treacherously at- tempted to surrender it to the enemy. His father, Hiland Hall, was also a native of Bennington, born July 20, 1795, and distinguished as a states- CHARLES HALL. man and jurist. He represented Vermont in Con- gress from 1833 to 1S44; was judge of the Su- preme Court of Vermont from 1846 to 1849; second comptroller of the United States Treasury in 1850; from 1851 to 1854 chairman of the Board of Land Commissioners to settle land claims in California ; and governor of Vermont from 1858 to i860. After his retirement from the governorship he wrote and published the early history of Vermont ; and he was largely in- strumental in accouiplishing the erection of the Bennington liattle Monument. He died Decem- ber 18, 1885, in his ninety-first year. Charles Hall was the youngest of eight children. He attended the district school, and was one year at the academy at North Bennington. At the age of eighteen he went to California, returning to Ben- nington in 1853. He then studied law, was ad- mitted to the bar, and in 1856 opened an office in Oshkosh, Wis. Within two months after, however, he disposed of his law library, and entered mer- cantile business, in which he has ever since been engaged. At the election of President Lincoln he was appointed postmaster of Oshkosh ; and he held this commission till President Johnson called upon the office-holders to adopt his policy, which he declined to do. In 1867 he removed to North Bennington, Vt., and was made president of the North Bennington Boot and Shoe Company. In the spring of 187 1 his company opened a whole- sale house in Chicago, and he went there to take charge of it. In the following fall the store and stock were totally destroyed in the great Chicago fire. Ten days after the fire the Chicago " Chris- tian LTnion " was organized through the exertions of William H. Baldwin, president of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union of Boston, Charles W. M'endte, Professor David Swing, Robert Coll- yer, George M. Pullman, and others, — seventeen in all of the originators, — and Mr. Hall was made vice-president of the organization. After closing ujj the business of the North Bennington Boot and .Shoe Company, he mo\ed to Springfield, Septem- ber 6, 1873, and opened a wholesale and retail crockery store, in which he has since continued, enlarging his store and business from year to year. He has been a Republican since the party was organized, voting for Colonel Fremont in 1856. He has never missed casting his vote at any mu- nicipal or general election, but beyond this he has refrained from participating in politics, confining himself entirely to business ; and he has held no oflfice in Springfield except that of president of the Springfield Board of Trade. Mr. Hall was married first to Miss Jane E. Cady, daughter of Lewis Cady, at Bennington, Vt., September 20, 1856, and by this marriage was one daughter : Laura V. Hall, born at Oshkosh, Wis., March 14, 1858. He married second Mrs. Mina C. Phillips, widow of John F. Phillips, of Lake Mills, Wis., at Oshkosh, April 19, 1864. By this marriage three children were born: Trenor Park (born at Osh- kosh, June 26, 1865, died at North Bennington, Vt., April 24, 1870), Mary D. (born at Chicago, 111., December 31, 187 1), and Charles Hiland Hall (born at Springfield, August 12, 1874). MEN OF PROGRESS. 309 HAMMOND, JiiH.v Chester, of Northampton, nieniber of the bar, is a native of Amherst, born August 15, 1842, son of Salem and Julia A. (Johnson) Hammond. He is a lineal descendant of Thomas Hammond, born in Lavenham, Eng- land, in 1583. who came to this country and was settled in Hingham before 1636, and moved to Newton about the year 1650. His son Nathaniel was born in Hingham in 1643; Nathaniel's son Nathaniel was born in Newton in 1676: his son Ebenezer was born also in Newton in i 7 i 4, set- tled in Charlton 1741; his son Moses, in Charl- ton in I 758 ; and his son Salem, the father of John JOHN C. HAMMOND. C, in Charlton in 1803. All of these ancestors were owners and tillers of New England farms ; and up to the age of si.xteen he was himself a New England farmer boy, securing through the farm life a stock of experience and health of the highest value. He attended the public schools of Amherst, was fitted for college at the Williston Seminary, Easthampton, graduating in 1 86 1, entered Amherst, and graduated there in 1865. He studied law with the Hon. Charles Delano, of Northampton, and was admitted to the bar October 22, 1868, then becoming Mr. Delano's partner. Since that time he has been continuously in practice at Northampton, from 1868 to 1883 under the firm name of Delano i.\: Hammond, from 1883 to 1888 alone, and the last six years in association with Henry P. Field, under the firm name of Hammond lS; Field. He was admitted to the bar of the L'nited States Circuit Court on the 2d of November, 1876. While pursuing his pro- fession, he has been much interested in public improvements. He has largely promoted by his influence the Northampton Street Railway and its extensions, and been concerned in other under- takings. In connection with his brother, I.yman D. Hammond, he has also become interested in Chicago real estate ; and a block owned by them, at the corner of La Salle and Monroe Streets, bears the name of their native county, being called " Hampshire Block." Mr. Hammond's public service has been confined to one year in the Northampton Common Council — the year of the organization under the city charter (1883) — and six years on the .School Committee (1887 to 1892 inclusive). He is a trustee of the Williston Seminary, of the Hopkins Academy, Hadley, and of the Clark Institution for Deaf-mutes, North- ampton, and one of the overseers of the Chari- table Fund of Amherst College. He was married November 16, 1S71, to Miss Eliza M. Brown, of Oxford. They have had five children : Robert B. (born September 19, 1874, died September 11, 1875), Thomas J. (born December 22, 1876), Maud and May (twins, born September 19, 1879), and Ethel Hammond (^born September 6, 1884). HARKINS, James William, Jr., of Worcester, dramatist, was born in Toronto, Canada. June 3, 1863, son of James W. and Mary (Smith) Harkins, both of Worcester, who were visiting in Toronto at the time of his birth. His education was ac- quired in the Worcester schools. He was gradu- ated from Hinman's College in 1882, and during the succeeding six years taught school, from 18S2 to 1884 teaching in private schools in Little Rock, Ark., and in Texas, and from 1884 to 1888 in the Curtiss College, Minneapolis, INIinn. The latter year he went upon the stage to study its tech- nique, and requirements for playwriting, and in 1890 produced his first play. "The Midnight Alarm." Next brought out was "The Fire Patrol" in 189 1, and in 1892 "The \\'hite Squad- ron " appeared. He has since written, for pro- duction during the season of 1894-95, "The City beneath the Sea," "Under Sealed Orders," "The 3IO MEN OF PROGRESS. Twentieth Century," -God or C'asar ? " and "The Sugar King." He also has in pubhsher's hands, for earlv issue, a novel entitled " Raolian."' He JAS. W. HARKINS. Jr. is co-author of the comedy "The Substitute," and of "The Northern Light" now (1894) in prepara- tion. His plays have become widelv known in American cities, and he has contracted with Aus- tralian managers for their production in Australia and in England. He is a member of the Ameri- can Dramatists' Club of New York, and of the Washington and Commonwealth clubs of Worces- ter. Mr. Harkins is unmarried. HARRIS, Henry Francis, of Worcester, member of the bar, was born in the \illage of Harrisville, West Boylston, August 19, 1849, son of Charles Morris and Emily (Dean) Harris. On the maternal side he is a descendant of Governor 'i'homas Dudley of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His early education was begun in the common schools, and continued at the Green Mountain Institute, South Woodstock, Vt., where he spent four terms, at the \\'orcester Academy, \\'orcester, two terms, and at the Lancaster Academy, two years, where he was fitted for college. He en- tered Tufts, and graduated in 187 1, first in the class. He began his law studies in the Harvard Law School, spending half a year there, then read a vear in the law office of the Hon. Hartley Williams in Worcester, and from January to June, 1873, attended the Boston University Law School, and graduated in the first class of that institution : during the same period and until Christmas, 1873, reading in the law office of John A. Loring in Boston. He was admitted to the bar in Suffolk County in December. 1873, and on the first of January following opened his office in Worcester, where he has continued in active practice to the present time. As a boy and young man, during the time between attending school and fitting for college, and during the college vacations, he learned all the details of manufacturing cotton goods, acquiring a practical acquaintance by actual work thereon with every machine in the cotton factory, and also had some experience in a woollen factory; and since 1880 he has been connected with manufacturing interests in addition to his legal practice. That year he was elected a direc- tor and assistant treasurer of the West Boylston Manufacturing Company, and in May, 1889, was HENRY F. HARRIS. chosen treasurer, succeeding his father at the latter's decease, which position he still holds ; and since February, 1S94, he has been president of MEN OF PROGRESS. ;ii the L. M. Harris Manufacturing t'onipany, having been a director since its organization in 1890. He has also laeen a director of the Worcester Safe Deposit and Trust Company since the early part of 189 1, and a director of the First National Fire Insurance Company since 1892. In West Boyl- ston he was a member of the School Committee in 1882 and some years prior to that date, and was master of the Boylston Lodge of Masons in 1889- 90. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of the Hancock Club of Worcester, at present one of the executive committee and chair- man of the coniniittee on admissions. Mr. Harris was married May 17, 1883, to Miss Fmma Frances Dearborn, of Worcester. They ha\e two children: Rachel (born December 11, 1887J and Doroth\' Harris iborn March 22, 1890). quantity of tlie iron and steel work used in the construction of locomoti\es and cars is produced. Mr. Hawkins is a niemlier of the financial com- HAWKIXS, Rkhakii Fenner, of Springfield, iron bridge builder and manufacturer, was born in Lowell, March g, 1837, son of Alpheus and Celia (Rhodes) Hawkins, both descendants of old Eng- lish stock, of the earliest Rhode Island families, one of the ancestors on the Hawkins side being Roger Williams. When he was a child, the family moved to Springfield, where he was educated in the public schools, and has since lived. At the age of sixteen, having graduated from the High School, he went to work, beginning as an office boy for Stone & Harris, bridge builders, and origi- nal railroad builders of the country. Here he steadily advanced, learning every detail of the business, until he became a partner in the con- cern. In 1862 Mr. Stone retired: and he con- tinued in partnership with Mr. Harris till 1867, when the latter retired. Since that date he has been alone, conducting the business under the name of R. F. Hawkins" Iron Works. He was one of the earliest to engage in the construction of iron bridges, and was also among the earlier pro- moters of the general use of iron as building mate- rial in New England. Of the many large bridges he has built, one of the most notable is the North- ampton bridge of the Central Massachusetts Rail- road, an iron structure fifteen hundred feet long ; and another is the \\'illimansett bridge, near Hol- yoke, eight hundred feet in length. Examples of his iron work for buildings are shown in the jails of Springfield and New Bedford, both of which are constructed largely of iron. At his works, besides material for bridges and building, a large R. F. HAWKINS. mittee of the Hampden Savings Bank, a director of the Board of 'I'rade, and concerned in other local institutions. In politics he is a Republican, and has repeatedly been urged to stand as the party candidate for mayor of the city : but he has steadfastly declined on the ground that his busi- ness demanded his best time and attention. He has, however, served on the Board of Aldermen three terms (1872-74), and is now a member of the Board of Water Commissioners. Mr. Haw- kins was married September 3, 1862, to Miss Cor- nelia jM. Howe, daughter of Aniasa B. and Sarah (Cadwell) Howe, of Springfield. They have five children : Paul, F'lorence, Edith, Ethel, and David Hawkins. HKJGINS, Fr.a.xcis Elox, of Worcester, mer- chant, is a native of Worcester, born October 15, 1 85 1, son of E. G. and Lucy M. (Graves) Higgins. He is a descendant in the direct line of Henry Higgins, son of Jonathan Higgins, of Cape Cod, who moved to Hardwick early in the eighteenth century, and joined the ;Baptist church there in 312 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1736. His ancestry on the maternal side is traced back to William fhilds, who came to America from England in 1634. He was educated in the FRANCIS E. HICGINS. public schools, finishing at the Worcester High School. After leaving school, he went to w'ork in the counting-room of the Ames Plow Company, where he was employed till July, 1869, when he entered the store of E. G. & F. \\'. Higgins (com- posed of his father and uncle), dealers in wall paper and interior decoration. In 1876 F. W. Higgins retired ; and the business was continued under the name of E. G. Higgins until the ist of January, 1880, when Francis E. bought a half interest in it, and the name was changed to E. G. Higgins & Co. He then assumed the management, and established a jobbing department. In 1884 he made an extended trip abroad for the purpose of studying the development tliere of the art of interior decoration, and upon his return consider- ably extended this feature of his business. In February, 1893, the present corporation, under the name of the E. G. Higgins Company, was formed, with himself as treasurer and manager, and E. G. Higgins as president. The house now sells through its jobbing branch to dealers in all sec- tions of New England, and several New York architects carry its line of samples ; and it im- ports from England, Scotland, France, Germany, and Japan direct. In September, 1S93, a branch store was opened in Boston. Mr. Higgins has done some work in oil and water-color painting, and was an active member and treasurer of the Art Students' Club for seven years. He was also a corporate member of the organization. He is now a member of the Commonwealth Club of Worcester and of the Worcester Board of Trade. He was married October 12, 1885. to Miss Sarah C. Heald, of Worcester. They have two children : Etha Hazel and Gladys Higgins. HILL, Arthur Gaylord, of Northampton, manufacturer, was born in Northampton, Decem- ber 6, 1841, son of Samuel L. and Roxana Maria (Gaylord) Hill. His father was the sixth Samuel in the direct line of descent. The family was first heard from in Rehoboth, this State, and then in Smithfield and Providence, R.I. His early edu- cation was attained in the public schools of North- ampton, the Hudson River Institute, Claverack, ARTHUR G. HILL. N.Y., and the West Newton (Mass.) English and Classical School ; and he was graduated Bachelor of Science from Harvard, class of 1864. He be- MEN OF PROGRESS. 313 gan business life soon after leaving college with the Nonotuck Silk Company of Florence : and he remained with this company, holding the position of assistant treasurer and assistant superintendent, for twenty years (1864 to 1884). 'riicn he be- came a member of the firm of Martin & Hill, cash carrier manufacturers, and from 1889 to 1S92 was president of the Martin Cash Company. He was also owner of the Hill Machine Works from 1888 to 1892. He has long been prominent in mu- nicipal affair.s, serving as an alderman one term ( 1886 ) ; member of the School Committee one year ; fire engineer, 1882 ; member of the trust funds commissioners three years ; trustee of the Forbes Library, 1890-93 ; trustee of the Lilly Library, 1890-92 : and mayor of the city of Northampton in 1887 and 1888. He has also represented the city in the General Court, a member of the House of Representatives of 1890. He was president of the Northampton Board of Trade for 1888 to 1892. He is connected with the Knights of Honor, holding the position of grand dictator in 1889, and that of supreme representative 1889- 94 ; and has been president, director, or manager of a number of athletic, dramatic, musical, and social clubs from i86i to the present time. Mr. Hill was married July 7, 1869, to Miss Kate Elizabeth Edwards, of Northampton. They have two chil- dren living : Florence Gaylord and Marion Louise Hill. HOPKINS, Colonel William Swinton Bf.n- NExr, of \\'orcester, city solicitor, is a native of South Carolina, born in Charleston, May 2, 1836, son of Erastus and Sarah Hannah (Bennett) Hopkins. His first ancestor on the Hopkins side in this country was John Hopkins, who came from London to Cambridge with the Rev. Mr. Hooker in 1633, and moved soon to Hartford, Conn. He and Stephen Hopkins, of the '• May- flower," and Edward Hopkins who came to Hart- ford, Conn., in 1638 with the Rev. John Davenport, and was an early governor of Connecticut, were near relatives, if not brothers. His son Stephen built the first mill in \\'aterbury. Conn., which he gave to his son John, who became a man of public affairs and had some military position. This John of Waterbury was father of Colonel Hopkins's great-great-grandfather, Samuel Hop- kins, D.D., of West Springfield, Mass., who married Esther Edwards, the daughter of Timothy Edwards, of East Windsor, Conn., and sister of Jonathan Edwards. Timothy Edwards married a daughter of the Re\-. Solomon Stoddard, of North- ampton, who was a son of Anthony Stoddard, who W. S. B. HOPKINS. came from England to ISoston. Colonel Hopkins's great-grandfather was Samuel Hopkins, D.D., of Hadley, who was minister there fifty-four years ; his grandfather was a merchant in Boston, and mo\ed to Northampton : and his father, Erastus Hopkins, who spent most of his life and died in Northampton, was born in Hadley. John Hopkins, of Waterbury, was also the father of 'I'imothy Hopkins, also of Waterbury, from whom the Berkshire County family, of which Presi- dent Mark Hopkins of Williams College was the most distinguished representative, was de- scended. On his mother's side Colonel Hopkins is descended from Thomas Bennett, who came from England to Charleston, and married Hayes Singletary, daughter of John Singletary of St. Paul's Parish, S.C., a Huguenot. His maternal grandfather, William Swinton Bennett, married Anna Theus, daughter of Major Simeon Theus (a patriotic man before and in the Revolution) and Rebecca Le'gare, — he the son of Simeon Theus, and she the daughter of Daniel Le'gare, both Huguenots. The intermarriages of these families form connections with the Swinton, Lucas, 314 MEN OF PROGRESS. Gadsckn, and many other South (nroHna famihes. Colonel Hopkins was educated mostly in private classical schools, — his earlier education acquired in a public classical school, — and at Williams College, where he graduated in the class of 1855. He studied law in the office of the Hon. William Allen at Northampton and at Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1858. He opened his first office on the 20th of August that year at Ware ; and here he practised until soon after the outbreak of the Civil War, when he abandoned his business, and entered the .service. Enlisting on October 9, 1S61, he served as captain and lieutenant colonel, commanding the Thirty-first Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, from the first of November following to the 8th of April 1864. He went out in the first New Orleans Expedition, on the ship which carried General Butler, and after storm and ship^ wreck made the voyage to Ship fsland in about thirty days. They lay in the Mississippi River with the navy, and witnessed Earragut's passage of the forts. Captain Hopkins with his company cleared the wharf for the landing of the first troops in New Orleans. He camped in the city till August, 1862, and then passed six months in Eort Jackson in garrison. He participated in the Teche campaign in 1863, beginning with the battle of Bisland, which preceded Port Hudson, and was in the whole of that siege with its three bloody assaults. He was stationed at Baton Rouge till December, 1863, and then under orders converted his regiment into cavalry, and in 1864 took part in the Red River campaign, after the failure of which he resigned, and was honorably discharged. Resuming his profession, he prac- tised in New Orleans from May, 1864, to Septem- ber, 1866, during that period acting as special counsel there for the United States treasury. Then he returned to Massachusetts, and estab- lished himself in Greenfield, where, from October, 1866, to October, 1873, he practised, part of the time in partnership with David Aiken. Then he came to Worcester, and has since continued here in partnership with the late P. C. Bacon, and with Henry Bacon, and Erank B. Smith, holding a foremost position at the Worcester county bar. Erom 187 1 to 1874 he was district attorney for the North-western District of Massachusetts. Sub- sequently he WHS district attorney for the Middle District (from 1884 to 1887); and in 1S93 was made city solicitor of Worcester, which position he still holds. He was the first commander of the Worcester Continentals, a veteran organiza- tion, in office twelve years ; and he is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He is a member also of the Sigma Phi Society at W'illiams College; of the Worcester Club (the second presi- dent of the organization and still in office) ; and of the New York and the Boston University clubs. His politics have all been Republican. He went on the stump for Eremont before he could vote. .As a boy, he was a " Eree Soiler," as was his father before him. The latter was a ." Free Soil " and Republican leader of the Massachusetts House of Representatives for many years, and was a promi- nent member of the national convention of i860 which nominated Abraham Lincoln ; and twenty years after the son was a member of the con- vention which nominated his college mate, James .\. Garfield. Colonel Hopkins has always refused political offices except those which were profes- sional. He was married January 20, 1859, to Miss Elizabeth Sarah Peck, of Easthampton. They have had four children : Sarah Bennett, Erastus, Elizabeth Peck, and William S. B. Hop- kins, Ir. HOWELL, John Freem.\n, of Worcester, city auditor, was born in Sutton, December 16, 1830, son of Barnabas E. and Olive (Peirce) Howell. On the maternal side his ancestry is traced back to John Peirce (or Pers), a weaver, who came to this country in 1637 from Norwich, Norfolk County, England, and was one of the settlers of Watertown, from whom all. or nearly all, of the army of Peirces or Pierces in America are de- scended. On the paternal side it is believed that his ancestors were Nova Scotians. His mother died June 17, 1840, when he was a boy of ten; and in the autumn of the following year his father sold the farm in Sutton, and removed to East Douglas, later purchasing a farm there. He was educated in the common school of the times, with one year at an academy, from the age of six- teen to seventeen. Then he left the farm, in De- cember, 1847, to enter a country store in Clinton- ville (afterwards Clinton). He continued in mer- cantile business in Clinton for eighteen years, and then, in June, 1865, removed to Worcester, where he was clerk with W. O. Swett, in the grocery business, the next three years. Erom May, 1870, to .April, 1887, he was book-keeper for the hard- ware firm of Kennicutt &: Co., and thereafter \ MEN OF PROGRESS. 315 clerk in the city auditor's otifice till June, 1889, KENDRICK, Ed.mi'nd Peasi.kk, of Spring- when he was elected city auditor. He has occu- field, member of the bar, mayor of the city 1893- pied this office since that time, having been re- 94, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Leb- anon, February i, 1849, son of George S. and Hannah (Lyman) Kendrick. He is on both sides of early English ancestry. On his father's side the first to come to this country was John Ken- drick, who was born in England in 1604, and emigrated to Massachusetts before 1639. His father's mother was Thankful Howe, daughter of Abner Howe, who was a captain in the Revolu- tionary army. On his mother's side ancestors were engaged in the early Indian and Re\olu- tionary wars. He was educated in the public schools of Lebanon, and at the Kimball Union .\cademy, Meriden, N.H., from whicli he grad- uated in 1866. He also attended a business college in Springfield, from which he was duly graduated. He studied law with Judge Bosworth in Springfield, and at the lioston University Law School, and was admitted to the bar in Spring- field, October 25, 1876, to practise in the courts of the Commonwealth. Subsequently, in 188 1, he was admitted to practice in the United .States J. F. HOWELL. elected annually. Mr. Howell is prominent in the Masonic and other orders, treasurer of Mon- tacute Lodge, and Lawrence Chapter of Rose Croi.x, eighteenth degree A. and A. Scottish rite a member of intermediate bodies in S. R. Masonry, as well as those of the York Rite to Commandery of Knights Templar ; is a past regent of Worces- ter Council, No. 12, Royal .Arcanum; and past commander of Hope Council, No. 17, .Vmerican Legion of Honor. In politics he was in early life a Whig until the dissolution of that party, since which he has been connected with the Republican party. He has never sought office, and those positions which he has held he has endeavored to fill with fidelity. He is a member of the Salem Street Congregational Church of Worcester, and one of the trustees of the parish. He was first married, May 15, 1850, to Miss Jane E. Lowe, of Clinton; and second, February 22, 1864, to Miss Martha W. Tarbell, of Worcester. The chil- dren of the first marriage were Augustus F. (now of Winchester) and John Henry Howell (of Worcester") ; and of the second, one living, — Mattie R. Howell. E. P. KENDRICK. Circuit Court. He has practised in Springfield since his admission to the bar. His public ser- vice began in 1881 as a member of the Spring- 3i6 MEN OF PROGRESS. field Common Council. Twice re-elected, he -served through 18S2 and US83, being president of the board these years. In 1884 and 1885 he was a representative for Springfield in the lower house of the Massachusetts Legislature. In that body he served on the committees on the judi- ciary, civil service, and rules, and was influential in the passage of the civil service law. In 1890 he was a member of the Springfield Board of Aldermen. In the December election of 1892 he was first elected mayor for the term of 1893, and in the following election was returned for a second term by a majority of over fifteen hun- dred votes. Mr. Kendrick is a prominent Mason, member of the following bodies: Hampden Lodge Morning Star Chapter, Springfield Council, Springfield Comniandery Knights Templar, Even- ing Star Lodge of Perfection, Massasoit Council, of all of which he has been at the head ; a mem- ber also of Springfield and Mt. Olivet Chapters of Rose Croix and Massachusetts Consistory. He is a past grand king of the Grand Chapter of Massachusetts, past deputy grand master of the (Irand Council of Massachusetts, has received the thirty-third, or highest. Masonic degree, and is an honorar\' member of the Supreme Council. He is also connected with the Odd Fellows, a mem- ber of the De Soto Lodge. He is a member of the Winthrop Club of Springfield, and was for three years its president. He is a director of the Connecticut River Railroad Company, and of the Masonic Hall Association in Springfield ; and is one of the trustees for Hampden Lodge of Masons. In politics he has always been a Republican ; and in religion he is an Episcopalian, a member of Christ Episcopal Church, of which he has been vestryman and clerk for many years. He has written considerably for the press on legal subjects, contribLiting to the Avrc Hiig/ain/ Home- stead, the American Agriciiltjiriit, the Central /,a7c Journal, and other periodicals, and has been a contributor to the American and English Ency- clopaedia of Law. Mr. Kendrick was married April 9, 1885, to Miss Clara A. Holmes, daughter of the late Otis Holmes, of Springfield. They have one child : Raymond Holmes Kendrick. born February 23, 1S87. Kent. On the paternal side he is of the fourth generation in direct descent from Samuel Kent, who was born in Charlestown, October 13, 1675 ; KENT, Thomas Goddard, of Worcester, mem- ber of the bar, was born in Framingham, Decem- ber 12, 1829, son of John and Mary (Goddard) THOIVIAS C. KENT. and on the maternal side sixth in direct descent from Edward Goddard, who was born and lived in Norfolk County, England, was on the Parlia- ment side and much oppressed during the Civil War, when his house was demolished by a com- pany of Cavaliers, and whose son William came to America in 1665, and settled in Watertown. His father was a carriage-builder. Both parents were very religious, and the children of the family were trained under the Shorter Catechism, which they were required to repeat throughout every Sunday evening. He was fitted for college in Warren Academy, Woburn, and graduated from Yale in the class of 185 i. Immediately after leaving col- lege he began the study of law with the Hon. Ed- ward Mellen, chief justice of the then existing Court of Common Pleas. While a student, in the spring of 1852, his father died, leaving six chil- dren, but no fortune to distribute. He was en- abled, however, to continue his studies ; and in October, 1853, he was examined by the Hon. Benjamin F. Thomas, then justice of the Supreme Court, and upon his recommendation was admitted to the bar.. He began practice established in Mil- MEN OF PROGRESS. 3'7 ford, though his court work was hi Worcester ; and his business soon extended. Within his hrst seven years of practice he was arguing his causes before the judges of the Supreme Court at its an- nual session; and since 1S59 he has never failed to ha\'e important cases to argue at this annual session. He has tried cases in all the counties of the State; but he is identified with the bar of Worcester County, where his general business has been for forty years. In 1869 he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and there served on the committee on the judiciary. In 1874 he was the Republican candidate in his dis- trict for the Senate, but was defeated in the gen- eral defeat of his party that year. In 1882 and 1S83 he was one of the Massachusetts commis- sioners appointed to establish the boundary line between Massachusetts and Rhode Island, which liad been in dispute for more than two hundred years, and was successfully accomplished by this commission. In 1875 he was appointed by the Supreme Court one of the three e.Kaminers of candidates for admission to the bar in Worcester County, which office he held for si.xteen years, when he resigned. He removed his residence to Worcester in 1883, and in 1886 he was elected to the House of Representatives from this city. In the session following he was chairman of the committee on the judiciary. Having no taste for legislation or politics, he declined a re-election. In 1879 he spent several months in travel in Europe. Mr. Kent has lost two wives by death, — the first in 1863, after a union of si.x years; and the second in 1877, after a union of eleven years. He married again in 1887 Miss Lucy A. Flagg, of Worcester. KIMBALL, Hknrv A., of Northampton, mer- chant, mayor of the city 1894, is a native of Con- necticut, born in Windham, May 3, 1842, son of Albert and Melissa (Woodward) Kimball. His father was also a native of Windham (born 1808, died June 6, 1886), and his mother of another Con- necticut town (born 1812), now living in Scotland, Windham County. He was brought up on a rugged and rocky farm, and acquired his educa- tion in the local common and high schools. At the age of eighteen he became a teacher, and for eight years thereafter taught school winters and worked on the farm summers. In -1S69 he left farming and school-teaching, and entered the em- ploy of the New York & New Haven Railroad Com- pany, in the freight department at Xew Haven. After a service here of about four years he went to the Air Line Railroad as clerk to the super- intendent, and remained on that line five years, part of the time filling the positions of general freight agent and general ticket agent. In April, 1879, he left the railroad business, and established himself at Holyoke, Mass., in the coal business, in which he has since continued. In July, 188 1, he removed to Northampton, where his business has grown from small beginnings to upwards of 100,- 000 tons a year. It is now^ conducted under the firm name of Kimball & Cary. Mr. Kimball is also a director of the Hampshire County National Bank, of the Norwood Engineering Company, and of the Boston Cash Register Company ; and a trustee of the Hampshire Savings Bank. He has served one term in the Connecticut House of Rep- resentatives (1869), three terms in the Massachu- setts House of Representatives (1888-89-90), and three terms in the State Senate. In the Massa- chusetts Legislature he served five years on the committee on railroads ; also on the committees on banks and banking, and woman's suffrage. HENRY A. KIMBALL. He was especially identified with legislation rela- tive to the separation of grade crossings, and was promoter and champion of what is known as the 3i8 MEN OF PROGRESS. " Xortliainpton Grade Crossing Act," passed in 1892, under the provisions of wiiicii tlie problem of separating the grade crossings of Northampton is ahiiost assured during his administration as mayor. He was elected mayor of Northampton for the term of 1894 as a Democrat, by thirty-five majority, although the city went Republican for governor a month earlier by nearly three hun- dred. In politics he has been always a Democrat. He is a member of Masonic bodies, including Knights Templar. He was married October 13, 1863, to Miss Mary T. Williams, of Canterbury, Conn., daughter of Harlow and Lotilla D. Will- iams. She died October 15, 1865. He married second, October 23, 1867, Miss Hannah M. Will- iams, a sister of his first wife. He has no chil- dren. KNOWL'l'ON, Marcus Perrin', of Springfield, justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of the Com- monwealth, was born in Wilbraham, February 3. 1S39, son of Merrick and Fatima (Perrin) Knowl- ton. His boyhood was spent on a farm in Mon- son, to which his parents moved when he was five occupation was that of a teacher, before entering college teaching a district school two winters, and after graduation becoming principal of the Union School at Norwalk, Conn. For some time also he was an instructor while at Yale. He began his law studies early in 1861, reading first with James G. Allen, of Palmer, and then with John Wells and Augustus L. Soule, of Springfield, both of whom were afterwards on the Supreme Bench ; and he was admitted to the Massachusetts bar late in 1862. Eight years later he was admitted to practice in the United States Supreme Court. Before his elevation to the bench he was con- nected with numerous large interests, and served in various official capacities. In 1872 and 1873 he was president of the Springfield Common Council; in 1878 he was a Springfield represen- tative in the lower house of the Legislature, where he served on the important committees on the judiciary, on the liquor law. State detective force, and constitutional amendments; and in 1880 and 1881 a State senator, representing the First Hampden District. At this time also he was a director of the Springfield iS: New London Rail- road Company ; director of the City National Bank of Springfield ; and trustee and treasurer of the Springfield City Hospital. He was first ap- pointed a justice of the Superior Court in August, 1 88 1, and was promoted to the Supreme Bench in 1887 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Judge Gardner, who died the following year. Judge Knowlton wa? first married July 18, 1867, at Springfield, to Sophia Ritchie, daughter of William and Saba A. (Cushman) Ritcliie. She died February 18, 1886. On May 21, 1891, he was married to Rose M. Ladd, of Portland, Me., daughter of Cyrus K. and Susan Ladd. They have one child : Marcus L. Knowlton, born March 23, 1892. M. p. KNOWLTON. years old. He was educated in the common schools, at the Monson Academy, and at Yale, where he graduated in the class of i860. His first LANGTRY, Albert Perkins, of Springfield, publisher of the Springfield Union, was born in Wakefield, July 27, i860, son of Joseph and Sarah J. iLakin) Langtry. His father was a na- tive of St. John, N.B., and his mother of Boston. He was educated in the common schools, mostly at Newton, to which his parents moved when he was a child. He began active life at the age of eighteen as boy in a Boston office. Subsequently he found his way into journalism, and in 1882 be- came a reporter on the Brooklyn (N.Y.) Standard- MEN OF PROGRESS. 319 i'liioii. In 1 886 he joined the st;an' of tlie Jirook- in tiie common schools and at the English and lyn Ihiirs, also as a reporter, later becominj; man- ager of the Long Island edition of the same paper. A. p. LANGTRY. In 1S90 he came to Springfield as business man- ager of the Union, then an evening paper only. In 1892, when the property was reorganized and the morning issue started, he became general manager, and in 1894 was made publisher, the position he now holds. Under his management the Union has grown largely in circulation, adver- tising business, and influence. Mr. Langtry was also one of the founders of the Providence (R.I.) A'cu's. In politics he is a Republican, but has never held office. He w'as married August 3, 1886, to Miss Sallie C. Spear, of the West Rox- bury District, Boston. They have no children. LArHK()l', Edward Howard, of Spring- field, member of the Hampden bar, is a native of Springfield, born December 2, 1837, son of Bella and Lucinda ( Russell) Lathrop. He is a descend- ant of the Rev. John Lathrop, of Boston, or- dained minister of the Second Church in Boston in 1768, and is of the branch of the Lathrop family to which Mr. Justice Lathrop of the Massachu- setts Supreme Court belongs. He was educated Classical Institute of Springfield, and began the study of law in 1856, in the office of Merrill & \\illard, at Montpelier, Vt. He was admitted to the bar in December, 1859, and has since prac- tised continuously in Springfield. His public life began as a member of the lower house of the Legislature of 1868. In 1874 he was a State senator, representing the First Hampden District. For the succeeding three years, 1875-76-77, he was district attorney for the Western district made up of the counties of Hampden and Berkshire, in which office he maintained the high standard which had been set by his predecessors. In 1881 he was re-elected to the House of Representatives for the term of 1882, and four years later re- turned for 1886, serving both terms on the com- mittee on the judiciary. In 1878 and again in 1892 he was the Democratic candidate for Con- gress in his district. He has a reputation for in- dependence, and his boldness in expressing his mind has won respect among his opponents. During the campaign of 1S80 he came out in a letter for Garfield, and after that acted with the EDWARD H. LATHROP. Republicans, though openly differing with their tendency on the tarilT issue, until the adoption by the party of the e.xtreme high tariff policy, when 320 MEN OF PROGRESS. he returned to fellowship witli the Democrats. He has a graceful faculty of campaign oratory, and is a favorite speaker at banquets and other public occasions. Mr. Lathrop is connected with the Masonic rirder, a member of the Springfield Schuetzen Verein, the Springfield Royal Arch riiapter. the Council Commandery, Rosewell Lee Lodge ; and his club connections are with the Springfield, the W'inthrop, " Kamp Komfort Klub," and the Westminster of Springfield. He was married November 26, 1867, to Miss Susan T. Little, of Huntington. They have had three children : Maud (deceased). Edward H., Jr. (de- ceased), and Paul H. Lathrop. LONG, C'harlks Lednako. of Springfield, member of the bar, is a native of Lowell, born September 16, 185 1, son of David W. and Orpha (Leonard) Long. He is a descendant of David Long who lived in Taunton, and there died Octo- ber 14, 1784. He was educated in the public schools of Lowell. He entered the Harvard Law School, and at the end of one year passed the two CHAS. L. LONG. February. 1S72, when he went to Springfield, and entered the law oflice of Stearns & Knowlton, consisting of the Hon. George j\L Stearns, of Chicopee, and the Hon. Marcus P. Knowlton, now a justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Court. In 1875 he was admitted to membership in the firm, when it took the name of Stearns, Knowlton, & Long, and was a member thereof until its dissolution in 1878, by the retirement of Mr. Stearns to his office in Chicopee. Thereupon the firm of Knowlton &: Long was formed, which continued till Mr. Knowlton was appointed to the Superior Court in 1881, since which Mr. Long has practised alone. He is recognized as one of the leading lawyers of the city, and has a large general practice, being counsel for many of the financial and manufacturing corporations of Springfield. He was city solicitor in 1881, again in 1889-90-91. and in 1893-94; and was ap- pointed by Governor Ames one of the associate justices of the Police Court of Springfield on De- cember 26, 1889. He has served three terms in the Springfield Common Council, in 1884-85-86, the last two terms president of the body, and in the December election of 1894 he was elected mayor of Springfield for the year 1895. In pol- itics he has always been a Republican. He is a member of the Winthrop Club of Springfield. Mr. Long was married December 15, 1880, to Miss Hattie F. Clyde, daughter of Milton A. and Caroline V. Clyde, of Springfield. They have one child : Milton Clyde Long. years' course, and received the degree of LL.B. (187 1). The next term he returned to the school, and engaged in a general study of the law till LONGLEY, Henrv Ashley, of Northampton, for a long period high sheriff of Hampshire County, was born in Hawley, Franklin County, January 5, 1814 ; died in Northampton, Decem- ber 27, 1893. His grandfather, Edmond Longley, was one of the first settlers of Hawley, at that time designated as Plantation No. 7 ; served in the War of 18 12, and died at the advanced age of ninety-si.\, retaining his faculties in a remarkable degree until the last. Mr. Longley was educated in his native tow-n and in the Bennington Semi- nary, where he spent two terms, entering at the age of seventeen. After his graduation from the academy he engaged in mercantile business, in company with his father, in Belchertown. In April, 1861, he removed to Northampton; and there he lived for the remainder of his life. He was first made sheriff of Hampshire in February, MEN OF PROGRESS. 321 1855, receiving the appointment from Governor Henry (Gardner, and held the office until it be- came elective. Then, as the Republican candi- measures which he believed would best promote the welfare of the State, secure prosperity, and prevent discord. He belonged to the Masonic order, member of the Jerusalem Lodge. He was married October 16, 1833, to Miss Eliza Smith, daughter of Obed Smith. They had a son and a daughter : William Hyde and Sylvia Elizabeth Longley. L\ FORI), Edwin Francis, of Springfield, member of the bar, is a native of Maine, born in \\aterville, September 8, 1857, son of Moses Lyford, LL.L)., and Mary L. (Dyer) Lyford. His father was for many years a professor in Colby University in the department of astronomy and natural philosophy. The family history has been traced back to Francis Lyford, a mariner of Boston, commander of the sloop "Elizabeth," who died in 1723. Edwin F. attended the public schools of his native place ; was fitted for college at the W'aterville, now Coburn Classical Institute, and was graduated from Colby University in 1877. In 18S2 he received the degree of A.M. from the H. A. LONGLEY. date, which party he had joined on its formation, he was elected to the position ; and he was again and again returned, always with large pluralities, and once with but a single vote against him in the whole county, the score rounding up to nine terms, an aggregate of twenty-seven years, which with his previous service gave him a record of about thirty years. In appearance and in phys- ical development, the Hampshire Gazette has re- marked, he was "the typical high sheriff. He introduced the practice of his officers wearing the blue brass-button uniform when on duty in the courts, which has since become the established custom everywhere. He was always a popular officer. He was full of sympathy for his fellow- men, and the prisoners had no better friend than he. Sometimes this sympathy got the better of his judgment: but the people always stood by him, for they liked his kindly, humane disposition. He was a man of fine feeling, and had a deep sense of religious matters." Early in his career, when living in Fielchertown. Major Longley was same institution. -After graduation from college a representative in the (leneral Court (1849-52 he studied law in the office of the Hon. Reuben and 1854), and as a legislator supported those Foster at W'aterville, and also taught for a while EDWIN F. LYFORD. 322 MEN OF PROGRESS. in high school and in university. He was ad- mitted to the bar in Maine in 1879, and to the Massachusetts bar in 1882, when he removed to Springfield. Since that time he has been in active practice in the latter city. He early became in- terested in municipal and political affairs, and has served his city in its local government and in the State Legislature. He was a member of the Springfield City Council in 18S5 and 1886; mem- ber of the House of Representatives in 1892 and in 1893, and of the Senate in 1894. In the House he served as clerk of the committee on cities in 1892 ; and as chairman of the committee on probate and insolvency, and member of that on constitutional amendments, in 1893. During the latter year he was also chairman of the special committee charged with the investigation of the Bay State Gas Company, as the result of which investigation the act known as the "Lyford Bill" was passed, which conditionally revoked the char- ter of the company. In the Senate he served as chairman of the Senate committee on probate and insolvency, and as clerk of the Senate committee on the judiciary, and was a member of the joint committee on taxation and that on revision of corporation laws. He was also chairman of the joint special committee on "the unemployed." He served as secretary of the Republican Club of Springfield in 1888, and secretary of the Ward Five Republican Club in 1891. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of Colby University, a director of the Springfield Young Men's Christian Association, a member of the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, member of tiie Connecticut Valley Historical Society; of the \\'inthrop, Westminster, and Saturday Night clubs of Springfield, the Springfield Bicycle Club, the Springfield Canoe Association ; of the Middlesex Club of Boston : and of the Massachusetts State Republican Club, — on the executive committee of the latter. In religious views Mr. Lyford is a Baptist, member of the State Street Baptist Church of Springfield. He has done some liter- ary work of note, and in 1882 published a book for children entitled " Pictures and Stories from American History.'' He is unmarried. he is of Scotch ancestry, and on the maternal of English. He is a descendant of the McClures who were among the early settlers of London- derry, N.H. His father, born in Merrimack, son of Edward McClure, was a merchant of Nashua for many years. Frederick A. was educated in the public schools of his native place. After passing through the High School, he entered upon a course of training for the profession of a civil engineer, taking a position in the office of the city engineer of Worcester in 1869, and continuing in this office for three years. Then he began oper- ating upon the construction of railroads as an assistant engineer. After much experience and practical knowledge gained in this way, his last employment being on the work of changing a por- tion of the railway lines within the limits of the city of Worcester, he re-entered the office of the city engineer in 1877. Here he remained as an assistant till 1891, when he was elected superin- tendent of sewers, in which capacity he served until elected to his present position, to which he has been twice re-elected. As a civil engineer, he has won more than a local reputation. He is a FREDK. A. McCLURE. McCLURE, Frederick Albert, of Worcester, city engineer, is a native of New Hampshire, born member of the Worcester County Society of Civil in Nashua, August i, 1852, son of Charles E. and Engineers, and of other organizations. In poli- Lucinda (Smith) McClure. On the paternal side tics he is a Republican. He was married May MEN OF PROGRESS. 323 29, 1883, to Miss Ida Evelyn Wliilticr, of Fitch- burg. They have one child, a daughter : Evelyn Mct'hire. (1894) president, director, and trustee of the Mutual Investment Company. He has been a generous giver of land for public park purposes, having with J. U. McKnight, his partner and brother, given to the city Thompson's Park, McKnight Park, two parks in Amherst Street, Clarendon Street Park, Dartmouth Street Park, and McKnight Glen. He also gave the lot on Buckingham Street for the Children's Home. He is a director of the Oak Grove Cemetery. He was formerly a member of the Springfield Club, and now belongs to the Winthrop Club. In politics he is a Republican. He was mar- ried August 30, 1864, to Miss Caroline Phelps James, daughter of Willis James, of New York. They have one daughter : Lillian James McKnight. MARDEN, Frederick Gray, of Worcester, proprietor of the Commonwealth Hotel, was born in Boston, August 2, 1855, son of Jefferson L. and Frances (Veazie) Marden. He is of Puritan ancestrv, on his mother's side in direct line of the Veazies early in Massachusetts, and on his w. H. Mcknight. McKNIGHT, William Harrison, of Spring- field, real estate operator, is a native of New York, born in Truxton, Cortlandt County, July 6, 1836, son of Charles and Almira (Clapp) McKnight. On his father's side he is of Scotch descent, and on his mother's of English. His pater- nal great-grandfather, Lewis ]McKnight, settled in Monmouth County, New Jersey, about the year 1700; and his first ancestor on his mother's side in America was Roger Clap, born at Salcombe Regis, Devonshire, England, April 6, 1609, who came out in the "Mary and John," landed at Nantasket, Mass., May 30, 1630, and was one of the first settlers of Dorchester. His father was born at Charlton, N.Y., August 12, 17S7, his mother at Easthampton, . Mass., January 23, 1802; and they married August 30, 182 1. He was educated in the public schools of Truxton. In 1858 he entered the dry-goods trade in Springfield, and continued in this business for twenty years. From 1878 to 1880 he was in the flour commis- sion business ; and since 1880 he has been en- father's side from first settlers in Portsmouth, gaged in real estate operations, under the firm N.H. He was educated in the public schools of name of J. D. & W. H. McKnight. He is now Quincy and Boston. When a boy of eleven, he F. G. MARDEN. 524 MEN OF PROGRESS. was at work on a farm in Maine. At the age of fifteen his schooling was finished ; and not long after he was employed in a dry-goods commission house, in which business he continued several years. In 1881 he was connected with the Mem- phremagog House, Newport, Vt., as clerk, and he has been engaged in the hotel business ever since. After an experience of about a year at the Ifnited States Hotel, Boston, as clerk, he took the Hotel Preston at Beach Bluff, which he managed through the seasons of 1883 and 1884. In 1886 he be- came the proprietor of the Clifford House in Plymouth. In 1890 he went to the City Hotel. Portland, Me., where he remained till February, 1893, when with a partner he bought the Com- monwealth Hotel, and removed to Worcester. This house, one of the largest ni the city, he has since conducted, under the firm name of F. G. Marden & Co. brother, George, the other in Union Block. In 1866 George died, and the two stores were then consolidated. From Union Block removal was MARSH, Charle.s S.mith, of Springfield, mer- chant, is a native of Hardwick, Worcester County, born May 15, 1842, son of Joel Smith and Abi- gail Drury (Gleason) Marsh. He is a descendant in the direct line of John Marsh, one of the first settlers of Hartford, Conn., there in 1639, who lived some time also in Hadley and in Northamp- ton, Mass. His great -great -great -grandfather, Samuel Marsh, lived in Hatfield, and was a rep- resentative in the General Court in 1705-06. His great-great-grandfather, Thomas, moved early to Ware: his great-grandfather, Judah, also lived in Ware, and died there, aged nearly eighty- nine years ; and his grandfather, Joel, was the first to reside in Hardwick, moving there about the year 1800. His paternal grandmother lived to the age of nearly ninety-four, and his father reached the ripe age of eighty-nine years and ten months. His mother also lived to a good old age, her death occurring in 1885 in her eighty- first year. His education was begun in the Hard- wick public schools, and completed in those of Springfield, which he attended from his ninth to his eighteenth year. Upon leaving school, he en- tered the wholesale and retail grocery business established by his father in Springfield in 1852, the year the town became a city, and has been connected with it ever since, a period of thirty- four years. From 1861 to 1866 they carried on two stores, he conducting one at No. 4 Burt's Block, Main Street, and his father and vounger CHAS. S. MARSH. made in 1876 to the present location in Barnes Block, in which Mr. Marsh owns a half interest. He early became a partner in the business, while the firm name was J. S. Marsh &: Co. It became J. S. Marsh &; Son upon the removal to Barnes Block, and so remained till the death of the sen- ior Marsh in August, 1893, although the latter virtually retired from the business several years before, and it ha^ for some time been largely man- aged by the son, who developed it to its present proportions. Mr. Marsh is prominent in the Ma- sonic order, a member of the Hampden Lodge, Springfield, of the Morning Star Chapter, Spring- field, the Springfield Council, the Springfield Commandery Knights Templar, the Evening Star Lodge of Perfection (present treasurer, having been previously some time secretary), the Massa- soit Princes of Jerusalem, the Springfield Chapter of Rose Croix, and the Massachusetts Consistory, thirty-second degree, of Boston. He belongs to the Masonic Social Club of Springfield, and has been a member of the Winthrop Club. For sev- eral years he has been connected with the Spring- field Board of Trade. In politics he is a Repub- MEN OF PROGRESS. 325 iican, and in religion a Congregationalist, — a niemljer of the First Churcli of Clirist, in Spring- lield, since 1866, and its treasurer for five years, 1S76-80. He never married. MARSH, Daniel Jav, of .Springfield, treasurer of the Five Cents Savings Bank, is a native of Connecticut, born in Hartford, July 27, 1837, son of Michael and Catheryn (AUyn) Marsh. He is a descendant of John Marsh, who emigrated from Braintree, England, in 1633, was a pioneer set- tler of Hartford, Ct., and of Hadley, Mass., and mirried Anne Webster, daughter of Governor John Webster of Connecticut, some of whose grandsons were pioneers of Litchfield, New Hart- ford, and Lebanon, Ct., and one. Colonel Eben- ezer IVLrrsh, led a Connecticut regiment against Ticonderoga. Among his ancestors Mr. Marsh also counts the famous Mathers, — the Rev. Rich- ard Mather, grandson of John Mather of Lowton, Lancaster, England, who landed in Boston, Au- gust 16, 1635, and was long the minister of Dor- chester ; Increase Mather, son of Richard, and DANIEL J. MARSH. in Charlestown in 1632, was representative from 1648 to 1658, commissioner for the United Colo- nies 1660-64, and magistrate 1657-67, many of whose descendants served with distinction in the armies of the colonies against the Indians, the French, and in the War of the Revolution. He was educated in the district school in Springfield and at the \\'ilbraham .\cademy. He began busi- ness life as a clerk in a drug store. Afterward he was some time a book-keeper in a dry-goods store, then in an insurance office, then for the construc- tion company that built the (_)hio li: Mississippi and North Missouri Railroads (conducting the first train over the latter road), and in 1859 he was elected to the position which he still holds, — treasurer of the Springfield Five Cents Savings Bank. During the Civil War he served a year in the army, 1861-62, going out as a private in the Forty-si.xth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, soon promoted through the lower grades to lieu- tenant, and later aide-de-camp and acting adju- tant-general. Eighteenth Army Corps, on the staff of General H. C. Lee. He has served in the City Council of Springfield one term (1874), and has been a park commissioner since the organization of the board in 1883, president of the board for ten years. In politics he is a Democrat, and a firm believer in the rights of the people. He is a member of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Loyal Legion of the United States. He was mar- ried May 15, 1864, to Mi.ss Harriet Mary Gay, daughter of N. Denslow Gay. They have two children: Henry Daniel (born 1S65 ) and Oliver AUyn Marsh (^born 1S66;. Cotton Mather, son of Increase; and the Allyns, descending from the Hon. Matthew AUyn, who came from Brampton, Devon, England, and settled MARSH, Henrv Elihu, of Springfield, propri- etor of Cooky's Hotel, was born in Hatfield, May 30, 1846, son of Elihu and Mary A. (War- ren) Marsh. He was reared on the farm, and ed- ucated in the common school. .\t the age of twenty he left home, and came to Springfield, where he obtained a situation as office boy in Cooley's Hotel. F'rom that time to the present he has been continuously engaged at Cooley's, working though every grade to the head of the es- tablishment. In 1881 he was taken into partner- ship by J. M. Cooley, the original landlord of the house (first opened in 1850); and in 1892 he assumed the entire management. Under his di- rection the house has been enlarged, and equipped with modern fittings. Mr. Marsh has served one 326 MEN OF PROGRESS. term in the Springfield Common Council ( 189 iV He is connected with the Masonic orders, mem- ber of the Roswell Lee Lodge and the Springfield HENRY E. MARSH. Commandery of Knights Templar, and is a mem- ber of the W'inthrop Club. He was married in 1870 to Miss Mary L. Fisher, of Danielsonville, Conn. They have three boys : Edward Fisher, Philip Allen, and Harry Cooley Marsh. MARSH, WiLLi.^M Charles, of Springfield, treasurer of Hampden County, is a native of Springfield, born February 13, 1862, son of Charles and Helen (Penniman) Marsh. He is a direct descendant of Cotton Mather. His father was a well-known citizen of Springfield, president of the Pynchon National Bank, and vice-president of the Springfield Institution of Savings at the time of his death, November 27, 1 89 1. He was educated in the Springfield gram- mar and high schools, leaving the latter in his junior year to enter business, contrary to the wish of his father who, himself a college-bred man, graduate of Williams in the class of 1855, wanted him also to go to Williams. But he was anxious to get out into the world and earn his own living, although his father was a man of means, and abundantly able to put him through college. While yet at school, he worked at odd hours, and after his fifteenth year was self-supporting. The first two years after leaving school he was in the Chicopee National Bank. Then for ten years he was with the Pynchon National Bank, while his father was its president, the greater portion of that period as paying teller ; and he resigned this position when he was elected to his present office of county treasurer in November, 1S91. He has been treasurer also of numerous organizations, — of the Springfield Bicycle Club, the largest in the State, 1885-86; of the South Congrega- tional Church in 1888-89-90-91 ; of the Spring- field Canoe Club in 1S89-90; and of the Spring- field Cemetery Association since 1892 (elected December, 1891). From December, 1888, to May, 1891,116 was United States disbursing agent for the government while building the new post-office at Springfield. In politics he is a Democrat. WM. C. MARSH. He is a member of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, and of the local Bicycle and Winthrop clubs. He is unmarried. MELLEN, James Henry, of Worcester, editor, and identified with labor interests, is a native of MEN OF PROGRESS. Worcester, linni Xnvcmher 7, 1845, ^'^n of James and .Mary;aret ( ISrennan ) Mcllen. He is of Irish ancestry. He was educated in the Worcester pub- he schools, and his training for active Hfe was in an iron foundry and the deliating society. Early taking an interest in politics and writing for the press, he became a recognized leader in working- men's and kindred movements when vet a young man. Since the late seventies he has been a con- spicuous member of the lower house of the Legis- lature, — five years representing the Twenty-third Worcester District, and seven the Twenty-second, — and for two years (1887-88) he was prominent in the Worcester Common Council. In the Legis- lature he has served on the committees on labor, prisons, public charitable institutions, convict labor, mercantile affairs, revision of the statutes, railroads, rules, taxation, and special committees on finance, expenditures, and revision of the tax code ; and has introduced and advocated numer- ous labor measures. Li his second term (1878) he introduced the order for legislation requiring that children under thirteen years of age before being employed in manufacturing establishments must be able to read and write. The next year he put in the order for municipal weekly payments, upon which the first weekly payment bill which be- came a law in the State was reported: in 18S1 he introduced a secret-ballot bill; in 1886 an arbi- tration bill, also an order for legislation requiring the placing of guards on freight cars ; and in 1888 a bill establishing a ten-hour day for street railway employees, and an order to make Labor Day a legal holiday. He introduced the first order on municipal lighting, which was supported by Edward Bellamy, Rev. Edward E. Hale, and others ; he was instrumental in modifying the trustee process ; the famous ten-hour law could not be enforced until he caused the word " wilful " to be stricken out, in 1879 ; he agitated separa- tion of grade crossings for years, and introduced the first order on the subject in 1881, requiring railroads to pay all of the expense ; and he was on the legislative committee sent to Washington to protect railroad employees in 1892. Through his influence the committee of the Legislature on labor, which until 1881 had been only a "special " committee, was changed to a regular joint stand- ing committee. During the administration of Gov- ernor Butler he was a member of the Tewks- bury Almshouse Livestigation Committee, and had a hand in the minority report sustaining the governor; and in 1895 he was on the committee appointed to draft resolutions on the death of General Butler. He established the Worcester ■^■N JAMES H. MELLEN. Daily TiDics, as an evening Democratic labor paper, in 1879. and was its editor for upwards of ten years. For seven years he was identified with the " moral suasion " temperance movement ; he is an advocate of tax-reform ; and he has some time been State master workman of Massachu- setts Assembly of Knights of Labor. Mr. Mellen was first married in 1867 to Julia A. Mooney, by whom he had seven children : William R., John F., Katie, Annie, Margaret, James, and Richard Mel- len. He married second, in 1S88, Mary O'Ha- gan, of Ogdensburg, N.Y. They have one child : Mary Mellen. MERRILL. Charles Amos, of the Worcester bar, was born in South Boston, September 23. 1843. He is a son of the Rev. John W. Merrill, D.D, of Concord, N.H., who was the second president of McKendree College, 111., and after- wards, for more than thirty years, professor in the Methodist General Biblical Institute at Concord before it became a department of Fioston LTniver- sity. His mother was Emily Huse Merrill, 328 MEN OF PROGRESS. daughter of the late Enoch Huse, of Newburyport, Mass. Mr. Merrill is of English ancestry, his progenitor having been born at Salisbury, Eng- land, in 1610, and died at Newbury. Mass., in 1655. He prepared for college at the Concord (N.H.) High School, entered Dartmouth College in i860, left at the end of the second year of his course on account of severe illness, and after- ward entered Wesleyan University, where he graduated in 1864. He was for a time principal of Bacon Academy at Colchester, Conn., and afterward of Brainard .\cademy at Haddam, Conn. In 1865 he was a paymaster's clerk in the CHARLES A. MERRILL. army, and in 1866 an e.\aminer of referred claims in the pa)'master-generars office at Washington. In 1867-68 he was private secretary of the ser- geant-at-arms of the United States Senate and of the late Senator J. \\'. Patterson, of New Hamp- shire. He graduated from Columbian Law School at Washington in 1868, and from the Harvard Law School in 1869. He was admitted to the bar in 1868 by the Supreme Court of the Dis- trict of Columbia, and in 1869 by the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. He was subse- quently admitted to the United States Circuit Court at Boston. In 1870 he was partner of the Hon. Isaac Atwater, an ex-justice of the Supreme Court of Minnesota, at Minneapolis. The ne.xt year he returned to Massachusetts, and was part- ner of W. A. Gile at Worcester till 1879, when this relation ceased, since which time he has been constantly engaged in practice at the last-named city. He received the degrees of A.B. and A.M. in course from Wesleyan LTniversity, and the de- gree of LL.B. from Columbian and Harvard Law Schools. He edited the Supplement to the Public Statutes of 1882-88. Other than as stated he has held no political office, and has devoted himself e.xclusively to his profession. He was married April 15, 1873, to Miss Ellen Elizabeth Shuey, of Minneapolis, a daughter of the late John H. Shuey, of that city. They have no children. MOXOM, Rev. Philip Stafford, 1 ).])., of Springfield, pastor of the South Congregational Church, was born in Markham, Canada, August 10, 1848, son of Job Hibbard and Annie (Turner) Moxom. His father was born in 1816 in Wilt- shire, England, not far from Salisbury; was edu- cated in a military school ; served over six years in the Queen's Grenadiers; came to Canada under Lord Durham during McKenzie's Rebell- ion ; afterward left the army ; entered the ^\'es- leyan ministry, but became a Baptist minister after several years ; moved to the States, settling in Illinois in the late fifties; served in the Civil War in the Fifty-eighth Regiment Illinois Infantry, as second, then first lieutenant, promoted to the latter rank for honorable service on the field of .Shiloh, and was wounded three times ; is still living in Kansas, at the age of seventy-eight years. His mother was a native of Yorkshire, England, born in 18 19, and came to Quebec in childhood. She was a woman of remarkable character, quiet, patient, eager to learn, of invin- cible integrity, an earnest and progressive Chris- tian. She died May 21, 1893. Mr. Moxom's education was begim in the common and high schools of De Kalb, 111., and was interrupted by the Civil War, to which he went first, in the winter of 1861-62, with the Fifty-eighth Illinois Infantrv. — his father's regiment, — as "boy" to Captain Bew'ley. In this capacity he was at the battle of Fort Donelson. On October 3, 1863, he enlisted in Company C, Seventeenth Illinois Cavalry, and served until the 29th of November, 1865. Upon his return from the war he resumed his studies, entering the preparatory class of Kalamazoo MEN OF PROGRESS. 353 Worcester Honiceopathic Hospital and Dispen- Safe Deposit & Trust Company, and of tlie sary ; and lie is a trvistee of the Worcester Rural Springtield Electric Light Company. He is con- Cemetery Corporation. Mr. Upham was married nected with the First Congregational Church, a Jime 1 6, 1873, to Miss Clara Story, of Worcester, member of the prudential committee: and is They have one child : Edith Story Upham. a director of the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion. He was first married in Glasgow in 1867 to Miss Janet Miller, who died in 1881, leaving one son : Robert Wallace. He married second, in 1883, Miss Madora Vaille, daughter of Dr. Henry R. and Sarah (Lewds) Vaille, of Springfield. They have five children : .Andrew B., Douglas V., Madora, Ruth, and Norman Wallace. WARREN, JoHX Kelso, M.D., of Worcester, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Manches- ter, March i, 1846, son of Joseph H. and Mary A. (Kelso) Warren. He was educated in the common schools and at the Mount Vernon and Frances- town academies i and fitted for his profession at the New York Homttopathic Medical College, graduating on his twenty-fourth birthdav. Start- ing in life poor, he earned his way through school and college, first bv working vacations, and later A. B. WALLACE. W.VLLACE, Andrew B., of Springfield, mer- chant, is a native of Scotland, born in Newburgh- on-Tay, March 27, 1842, son of David and Chris- tine (Brabner) Wallace. He was educated in the local schools, and at fifteen entered a dry-goods store as an apprentice, where he served four years. Afterward he was a clerk in stores in Sterling and in Glasgow, and in 1867 came to this country, land- ing in Boston. There he spent three years in the dry-goods house of Hogg, Brown, & Taylor, and then, forming a partnership with John M. .Smith of Springfield, at that time of the firm of Forbes & Smith, opened a store in Pittsfield. In 1874 he removed to Springfield, having purchased Mr. .Smith's interest in the business of Forbes & .Smith, which thereupon became Forbes & Wal- lace. He is also a director of the .Springfield Knitting Company, of the Warwick Bicycle Com- pany, of the Denholm & McKay Dry Goods by teaching. Immediately after his graduation Company of Worcester, of the Pettis Dry Goods he established himself in Palmer, and for some Company, Indianapolis, Ind., of the Springfield time was the only physician practising homte- K. WARREN. 354 MEN OF PROGRESS. opiithy between Springfield and Worcester. In April, 1879, ^^ v.'eT\t to Europe for the purpose of making a special study of surgery, and spent .some months in the hospitals of London, Paris, Heidelberg, and Edinburgh. Returning in 1880, he resumed his practice in Palmer. In December, 1882, he removed to Worcester, where he has been in active practice ever since. In December, 1893, he established a private surgical hospital, the first institution of its kind in Worcester, which con- tinues in a satisfactory condition. Dr. Warren is a member of the American Institute of Homce- opathy, of the Massachusetts State Medical Society, the Massachusetts Surgical Society, and of numer- ous local societies. He was married November 24. 1873, to Miss .Augusta A. Davis, of Newport, N.H. They have two children : Alice B. and Bertha M. Warren. WARRINER, Colonel Stephen Cadv, of Springfield, insurance agent, was born in Monson, August 25, 1839, son of Stephen O. and Saphiria (Flagg) Warriner. He is a descendant in the direct line of William Warriner, settled in Spring- field in 1640. His great-great-great-great-grand- father was Deacon James Warriner, born in 1640 ; his great-great-great-grandfather. Lieu- tenant James \\'arriner, born in 1668; his great- great-grandfather. Ensign James Warriner, born 1692 ; great-grandfather, Captain James Warriner, Jr., who commanded a companv of minutemen who marched to Lexington ; and his grandfather, Stephen \A'arriner, born 1760. He was educated in the common schools and at Monson Academy. He worked on his fathers farm until he was eighteen years of age, and while a student at the academy taught school during the vacation seasons, — in 1858-59 in Huntington County, Penna., and in i860 in Monson. He attended the academy for four years, and was a member of the graduating class of 1861. On the 28th of April that year he enlisted, and was mustered in as a private in Company E, Tenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, June 21. He was early made sergeant of his company, which rank he held till August 9, 1862, when he was com- missioned as captain of Company E, Thirt\--sixth Regiment, and so served till his honorable dis- charge, April 28, 1864. He was never absent from his regiment when it was on duty, and he took part in the following engagements: Williams- burg, Fair Oaks, Glendale, Charles City Cross Roads, Malvern Hill, Fredericksburg, Jackson, Campbell Station, Blue Springs, the siege of Vorktown, Vicksburg, and Knoxville, Tenn. Establishing himself in Springfield in 1866, he began business as a fire insurance agent, which has been his occupation ever since. In politics he is a Republican, and since the early seventies has been prominent in party affairs. From 1875 to 1878 he was chairman of the Republican city committee of Springfield. He has served in the Springfield city government, the State Legislature, and on the staff of Governor Talbot. He was first elected a member of the Common Council of Springfield for the term of 1877 ; w'as an alder- man in 1880; on the governor's staff through 1879 as colonel and aide-de-camp; and a member of the House of Representatives of 1893-94-95. During his first term in the Legislature he served on the committees on printing and on engrossed bills ; and through his second term he was on the committee on elections. He has served as commander of Clara Barton Post, No. 65, Grand Army, for two terms, and of E. K. Wilcox Post, No. 16, also two terms. He is connected with S. C. WARRINER. the Masonic order, a member of the Roswell Lee Lodge of Springfield, and of the Morning Star Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. Other organiza- MEN OF PROGRESS. 355 tions to which he belongs are the Springfield Improvement Company and the Middlesex Club of Boston. Mr. Warriner first married September 19, 1865, Miss Mary Warren Lincoln (died July 28, 1877), and second, October 4, 1882, Miss Ida Marion Lincoln. He has one son. William Stephen Warriner. born July 15, 1866, who is now first lieutenant Company K, Second Regi- ment, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, aiul man- ager of his father's business interests. pany, and for other corporations. In addition to these interests he is concerned as director in several Southern and Western irrigation and WELLS, Gideon, of Springfield, member of the bar, and connected with various corporations, is a native of Connecticut, born in Wetiiersfield, August 16, 1835, son of Romania and Mary Ann (Morgan) Wells. He was educated in the East Windsor Hill School of Easthampton, and at Yale, graduating in the class of 1S58, and read law in the office of Chapman & Chamberlin, Springfield. Admitted to the Hampden County bar in i860, he began practice with Messrs Chapman & Chamberlin. The same year this partnership being dissolved, Mr. Chapman having been appointed to the Supreme Bench and Mr. Chamberlin removing to Hartford, he became a member of the firm which succeeded to the busi- ness, his associates being N. A. Leonard and, nominally, e,x-Congressman George Ashmun, the close friend of Webster, and in later life of Lincoln, chairman of the convention which nomi- nated him for the presidency, who had been asso- ciated with Mr. Chapman since 1834. The firm of Leonard & Wells continued for twenty-five years, and was concerned in many important cases. During the Civil War Mr. Wells served in the Forty-si.\th Regiment, Massachusetts Vol- unteers, as first lieutenant of Company A of Springfield, and subsequently in the same capacity in Company A of the Eighth Regiment. From 1869 to 1876 he was register of bankruptcy, and from 1876 to 1890 judge of the Police Court of Springfield, in the latter position making a reputa- tion especially for his clear rulings on perplexing points. Since 1877 he has been a director of the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, and attorney for the corporation ; and since 1890 he has been president of the Holyoke Water Power Company, having for many years acted as its attorney. He has also been for a long time attorney for the Springfield Street Raihvay Com- pany, for the Connecticut River Railroad Com- GIDEON WELLS. electric companies in which liie Massachusetts Mutual Life is interested ; is a director and vice- president of the John Hancock National Bank, and a director of the Third National Bank of Springfield. Early in life he served in the Spring- field Common Council two terms (1865-66). He was married October i, 1875, to Miss Marietta Gilbert, daughter of Merrit S. and Esther (Jones) Gilbert. They have one son : Gilbert Wells. WHITCOMB, M.'^RCiENE Hamilton, mayor of Holyoke 1894, is a native of Vermont, born in Reading, October 25, 1838, son of James H. and Louisa M. (Philbrick) Whitcomb. He is of Eng- lish ancestry on the paternal side, and of Scotch on the maternal ; and ancestors on both sides fought in the Revolution. He was educated in Vermont common schools. He began active life as spooler boy in a woollen factory, and from that modest position worked his way through the vari- ous departments of woollen manufacture. He continued in this business as an employee for six- teen years, witii the exception of two years spent 356 MEN OF PROGRESS. in the army during the ("ivil War, — one year as a member of the Sixteenth New Hampshire Regi- ment in whicli he enlisted in 1862. and the other ^4h ( WILDER, Harvev Bradish, of Worcester, register of deeds, is a native of Worcester, born October 12, 1836, son of Alexander H. and Har- riet (Eaton) Wilder. His education was acquired in the ^\'orcester public schools, the 'I'hetford (Vt.) Academy, and the Leicester ( Mass. J Acad- emy. With the exception of about fifteen months (from April, 1855, to August, 1856), when he was a clerk in Boston in the book-store of the old firm of Ticknor & Fields, he has been connected with the Worcester Registry of Deeds during his entire business career. From September, 1856, to No- \-ember, 1874, he was chief clerk in the registry; then, upon the death of his father, who had been register for twenty-eight years, he was appointed by the county commissioners register for the year 1875. Hs ^^'^s first elected register in November, 1876, and has been regularly returned since. He has been a member of the Ancient and Honora- ble Artillery Company since 1873, second lieuten- ant in 188 1 ; is a charter member of the Quin- sigamond Lodge of Masons, Worcester ; and a member of the Commonwealth Club of Worces- ter. In politics he is Republican. He was mar- M. H. WHITCOMB. as musician in the Second Brigade, Second Divi- sion, Ninth Corps Band, ending with the close of the war. He was superintendent of the Eagle Mills of Athol, Mass., also of the Otter River Company's mills at Otter River, Templeton, for five years for Rufus S. Frost & Co., Boston ; came to Holyoke in 1876 as superintendent of the Springfield Blanket Company's mills, and held that position for ten years ; was then, in January, 1886, appointed chief of police of Holyoke, which office he held continuously for five years ; and was elected mayor of the city in December, 1893. He is the proprietor of " Whitcomb Build- ing " in Holyoke, renting room and pow-er for dif- ferent industries, and has other real estate invest- ments in the city. In politics he is a Republican, a firm believer in the protection theory. He is connected with the Masonic order, a member of the Springfield Commandery Knights Templar ; is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and of Kil- patrick Post, Grand Army of the Republic. Mr. Whitcomb was married December 25, 1857, to Jane H. Webber, of Newport, N.H. They have one son : Eugene H. Whitcomb. HARVEY B. WILDER. ried October 21, 1862, to Miss Anna F. Chapman, of Ossipee, N.H. She died November 12, 1864. He married second, June 14, 1870, Mary J., MEN OF PROGRESS. 357 daiigliter of Dr. Jefferson Pratt, of Hopkinton, the People's Savings Bank. In 189 1 he organized Mass. He has one son : Charles Pratt Wilder, the Worcester, Leicester, & Spencer Electric Street Railway, which, until recently, was the longest WINSLOW, Samuel, of Worcester, manufact- urer, was born in Newton, February 28, 1827, died in Worcester, October 21. 1894. He was son of Eleazer Robbins and Ann (Corbett) Win- slow. He was educated in the public schools, and immediately after leaving school went to work in a cotton machinery manufactory. In tills occu- pation he displayed such inventive skill and gen- eral capacity that at the age of twenty he was made foreman of the shop. Eight years after, in 1855, he formed a copartnership with his brother Seth C. VVinslow, and established a machine shop in Worcester, which was the beginning of the ex- tensive business of which he was long at the head. The firm first began the manufacture of skates in 1857. Upon the death of his brother Seth, in 187 1, Mr. Winslow assumed the entire direction of the business ; and he continued alone till 1886, when the present corporation, under the name of the Samuel Winslow Skate Manufacturing Com- pany, was formed. In this he retained a majority of the stock, and remained president and treas- urer until his death. He was for many years in public life, his first public service having been rendered when he was but twenty-one, as a mem- ber of the prudential committee for the employ- ment of teachers and the charge of the schools in the village of Newton Upper Falls. In 1864-65 he was a member of the Worcester Common Council; in 1873-74 a representative from the Tenth Worcester District in the lower house of the Legislature; in 1885 a member of the Worces- ter Board of Aldermen, elected to fill a vacancy ; and for the years 1886-89 mayor of Worces- ter, each year elected by large majorities. And, upon retiring from the office of mayor, he was elected a trustee of the Worcester Free Public Li- brary for a term of six years. In 1892 he was a delegate to the National Republican Convention held in Minneapolis. He was long a prominent member of the \\'orcester County Mechanic's As- sociation, a trustee from 1868 to 187 i, vice-presi- dent from 1884 to 1886, and president in 1886, declining a re-election on account of tiie pressure of his duties as mayor. From 1889 till his death he was president of the Citizens' National Bank of Worcester, during which period the deposits of the bank quadrupled. He was also a trustee of SAMUEL WINSLOW. electric street railway in the world. In the fol- lowing year he organized the Worcester and Mill- bury Electric Street Railway. He was president of these roads from their organization as well as of the State Central Street Railway Company, now preparing to build more than fifty miles of sub- urban roads, until his death. He was prominently identified with the public works and charities of Worcester for nearly half of a century. He was married November i, 1848, to Mary Weeks Rob- bins, who died in June, 1893. WINSLOW, Samuel Ellsworth, of Worces- ter, manufacturer, chairman of the Republican State Committee, was born in Worcester, April 11, 1862, son of Samuel and Mary Weeks (Robbins) Winslow. He is a descendant in the eighth gen- eration of Kenelm Winslow, brother of Edward Winslow, governor of the Plymouth Colony. He was educated in the public schools of Worcester, at Williston Seminary, Easthampton, and at Har- vard, graduating from the High School in 1880, the seminarv in iSSi, and the college in 1885. In 358 I\IEN OF PROGRESS. college he was a member of the Institute of 1770, of Delta Kappa Epsilon, Zeta Pi, Hasty Pudding, Harvard Union, and numerous other clubs for special purpose ; was prominent in athletics, the successful and winning captain of the Harvard Base Ball Club of 1885 ; and was chairman of the 1885 Class Day committee. During the year fol- lowing his graduation he travelled somewhat ex- tensively abroad, and in 1886 engaged actively in business in Worcester. Since that year he has been secretary and general manager of the Sam- uel Winslow Skate Manufacturing Company ; from 1888 to 1892 he was a member of the firm of The Winslow & Curtis Machine Screw Com- pany ; and subsequently became a director of the Citizens' National Bank. He is a director also of the Worcester, Leicester, & Spencer Street Railway Co., and of the Worcester I'v Millbury Street Railway Co. In i8go he was aide-de- camp, with the rank of colonel, on the staff of Governor Brackett. He early took an active part in Republican party affairs, local and State, and. displaying the qualities of a leader, was speedily advanced to e.xecutive positions. He was a mem- iW^>^ SAMUEL E. WINSLOW. lican Club of Massachusetts : and chairman of the Republican State Committee first in 1893, the year of the election of Governor Greenhalge, the first Republican governor of the State since 1890, and now holds the office. Colonel Winslow is a member of the \\'orcester. Commonwealth, and Quinsigamond Boat clubs of Worcester ; presi- dent of the \\"orcester Athletic .-Vssociation ; mem- ber of the Worcester Horticultural Society ; trus- tee of the Worcester Agricultural Society : member of the Boston Athletic Association and of the Harvard Club, New York. He was married April 17, 1889, to Miss Bertha Russell, daughter of Colonel E. J. and Lucenia Russell, of Worcester. Their children are : Dorothy, Russell, and Sam- uel E. \\ inslow, Jr. Samuel Winslow, 2d, died at age of ten months. ber four years and chairman three years of the Republican city committee of Worcester: mem- ber of the first e.xecutive committee of the Repub- WOOI), Al?iert, M.D., of Worcester, was born in Northborough, February 19, 1833, son of Samuel and Elizabeth ( Bowman) Wood. He is descended from William Wood, who emigrated from England in 1638, and settled in Concord: William Wood's son Michael died in Concord in 167 1 ; his son Abraham removed to Sudbury ; his son Samuel lived in that part of Marlborough now North- borough : his son Abraham married Lydia John- son, and their son Samuel was the father of Albert. On his mother's side he descends from the Val- entines of Hopkinton. He was educated in the schools of Northborough, the Classical School of West Newton, the State Normal School at Bridgewater, and Dartmouth College, graduating in 1856. From 1856 to 1859 he taught school, and then entered the Harvard Medical School, from which he graduated in 1862. He served in the hospitals one year. In the summer of 1862 he entered the army, and served throughout the Civil War. He was assistant surgeon of the Twenty-ninth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, from July 7, 1862, to .\ugust 7, 1863: surgeon of the First Regiment, Massachusetts Cavalry, from August, 1863, to November 30. 1864; and acting staff surgeon. United States Army, till May 17, 1865, on duty mostly at City Point Hospital, Vir- ginia. He came to \\"orcester soon after, and was city physician for five years. Subsequently he was surgeon of the City Hospital for ten years, and is now one of the trustees. He has been treasurer of the Worcester Lunatic Hospital since 1874, and of the Worcester Insane Asylum since MEN OF PROGRESS. 359 1877 ; was superintendent of the Washburn Free Dispensary for several years, and is now a trustee of the Memorial Hospital ; has been one of the ALBERT WOOD. pension examiners for twenty-five years ; and for one year served as a member of the State Board of Health, Lunacy, and Charity. Since January, 1889, he has been junior medical director of the State Mutual Life Insurance Company. In addi- tion to all this special service Dr. \\'ood has always had a good professional practice. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion ; is con- nected with various medical societies and clubs ; is a councillor of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety, and member of the American Association of the Medical Directors of Life Insurance Com- panies. He was married July 7, 186S, to Kmma .\llen, of Worcester, daughter of William and Emily Chandler Allen, of Pomfret, Conn., by whom he had two children : Albert Bowman and Emily Chandler Wood. His first wife died Feb- ruary 26, 1892. He married second, July 13, 1893, J. Isabel Cleveland, of Worcester. February 7, 1857, son of Eliphalet S. and Susan Hudson (Farrar) Wood. His education was ac- quired in the common and high schools of Win- chendon. He began work in a printing-office in Winchendon when a lad of twelve ; and, with the exception of about five years devoted to study, he has been actively engaged in the printing busi- ness from that time. At the age of seventeen he was occupying the position of foreman in a news- paper and job oflice, — that of the Franklin Couiiiy Ti/nes, at Greenfield. Later he removed to Fitchburg, from there went to Chicago ; and in January, 1878, returned East to take charge of the job printing establishment of Edward R. Fiske, at that time one of the most prominent and successful printers in Worcester. He remained with Mr. Fiske two years, and then on the first of May, 1880, entered the employ of Sanford & Co., stationers and printers, as foreman of their print- ing department, then occupying quarters on Maple Street. On the first of May, 1882, he pur- chased a half interest in this department; and it was conducted under the firm name of Sanford & ^\'ood for eleven months, when he purchased his OLIVER B. WOOD. partner's interest. Since that time he has carried WOOD, Oliver Brooks, of Worcester, book on the business under his own name, and by close and job printer, is a native of Ashburnham, born application and the production of good work has 36o MEN OF PROGRESS. so increased it tiuit during tiie three years 1892- 94 it exceeded in volume that of an)- similar es- tablishment in Worcester. Having outgrown the old quarters, on the first of March, 1894, the business was transferred to the commodious brick block, No. 50 Foster Street. In his printing house is now executed every variety of job and book printing, from the small address card to the large volume; and since 1884 law printing has been a distinctive feature of the business. Mr. Wood has been president of the Worcester Ty- potheta; since 1892. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a member of the Athelstan Lodge, Goddard Council, Eureka Royal Arch Chapter, Worcester Lodge of Perfection, Law- rence Chapter, Rose Croix ; is a member of the Worcester Light Infantry Veteran Association, of the Worcester Continentals, of the Worcester Driving Park Company, and of the Common- wealth Club. In politics he is a Republican. He was married October 19, 1881, to Miss Jennie Chase Flagg, of Grafton. They have had four children: Olive Marguerite, Roger Hamilton (died in infancy), Hamilton Brooks, and Gladys (eannette \\'ood. PART V. ADAM, Rc_)iiKRi' Wri.i.iAM, of Pittsfield. meni- Ix-r of tlie Berkshire bar, and treasurer of the Fierkshire t'ounty Savings Bank for upwards of a quarter of a century, is a native of Connecticut, liorn in Canaan, September 28, 1825, son of ROBT. W. ADAM. William and Charlotte (Lawrence) Adam. He is on the paternal side of Scotch ancestry, and on the maternal of English. He received his pri- mary education in the public schools of his native town, was fitted for college at Lenox Academy, entered \\'illiams, and graduated in the class of 1845. His law studies were pursued in the office of Rockwell & Colt, of Pittsfield, and at the ^■ale Law School ; and he was admitted to the bar on the 25th of April, 1849. From that time he was in active practice in Pittsfield until 1865, when he became treasurer of the Berkshire Countv Sa\ings Pjank, which position he has held ever since. He has also been long connected officially with other local institutions, — president of the Pittsfield Coal (ias Company since 1857, and director of the Berkshire Mutual Fire Insurance Company since 1855. In town and city affairs he has been prominent since the fifties, and has held numerous public positions. He represented the town in the Legislature in i860 : from 1863 to 1865 he was town assessor; and in i8gi and 1892 a member of the Board of Aldermen, president of the board the second year. Since 1889 he has been presi- dent of the Pittsfield Cemetery Corporation. He is much interested in historical matters, and has for a number of \ears been an active member of the Berkshire Historical Society. He is a mem- ber also of the Bostonian Society of Boston, and of the Monday Evening Club of Pittsfield. In politics he is an Independent Republican. He was married September i, 1852, to Miss Sarah P. Brewster, of Pittsfield. 'I'hey have a daughter and son : Mary L. and \\'i!liam L. Adam, both living in Pittsfield. ADAMS, Charles Ei.isha, of Lowell, mer- chant, president of the Massachusetts Board of Trade, is a native of Lowell, born April 16, 1841, son of Elisha and Sally Howe (Prouty) Adams. He is a descendant in the seventh generation of Rogers Adams, of Brookline, who came to New England between 1640 and 1650, married Mar\', daughter of Thomas Barker, of Roxbury, in 1674, and died March 2, 17 14. His great-grandfather. Smith Adams, of Newton, was in the battles of Lexington and Concord. He was educated in the Lowell public schools. He began business life as a clerk in a retail hardware store in Lowell, and after five years of this experience became a sales- man for a wholesale hardware house in New York City. He remained six years in New York, then was a year connected in the same capacity with a ("incinnati wholesale house : and in August, 1868, 362 returned tn paint, and sex Street MEN OF PROGRESS. Luwell. opening tiiere a reUiil hardware, mill supplies store at Xo. 185 Middle- . He now occupies the stores Nos. CHAS. E. ADAMS. 404, 408, and 410 Middlesex Street, engaged in both the retail and wholesale trade. Mr. Adams has been especially interested in later years in concerted work of business men and in electrical matters. He suggested the idea of its formation, and w'as one of the founders of the State Board of Trade (now composed of thirty-eight boards of trade and business associations, representing the mercantile and industrial interests of the Common- wealth), and has been its president since it was organized, October 30, 1890. He is president also of the Bradley-Stone Electric Storage Com- pany (manufacturers of storage batteries) of Lowell, and director of the Lowell, Lawrence, &: Haverhill Electric Street Railroad Company, of the Erie Telegraph and Telephone Company, of the North-western Telephone Exchange Company, Minnesota, of the Cleveland Telephone Company, Cleveland, Ohio, and of the South-western Tele- graph and Telephone Company in Texas and Arkansas. He has for some years been promi- nent in trade organizations, is an active member of the New England Hardware Dealers' Associa- tion, and of the New England Paint and Oil Club ; and in 1889-90, inunediately preceding the organ- ization of the State Board of Trade, was president of the Lowell Board of Trade. In 1S87 and 1888 he represented Lowell in the lower house of the Legislature; and in 1893 was United States alter- nate commissioner to the World's Columbian E.x- position from Massachusetts. He is a thirty- second degree Freemason, a member of the order of Odd Fellows, and of the Royal Arcanum. Other organizations to which he belongs are the Massa- chusetts Society of the Sons of the .American Revolution (member of the board of managers), the Massachusetts Club of Boston, and the High- land, Country, and Vesper Boat clubs of Lowell. He has been for a number of years connected with the directory of the Merrimack River Savings Hank of Lowell, and is now a member of the hoard of investment. He \vas married December 10. 1873, to Miss Ida Mary Barrett, of .\ntrim, N.H. Thev have no children. .ALDEN, George Newell, of New Bedford, fire insurance agent, is a native of New Bedford, GEO. N. ALDEN. born Julv 10, land) Alden. 1845, son of Silas and Emily His paternal grandparents Paul and Rebecca (Newell) Alden, and his (How- were mater- MKN OF I'ROGRESS. 363 nal griiiidparcnts, Francis ami Marv (Parker) Howland. his maternal grandmother a daiigliter of John Avery Parker. He was educated in the pubhc schools of New Bedford, finishing in the High School under John F. Emerson and his suc- cessor, Charles P. Rugg. He began business life in the counting-room of James K. \\'ood ^: Co., which he entered in the spring of 1863. In June the following year he became book-keeper for J. & \\'. K. ^^'^lg, but five months later left his desk, and enlisted in the United States service, joining the Nineteenth Unattached Company, Massachusetts Volunteers. He served until the close of the war (mustered out June 27, 1865), and, returning to New Bedford, engaged in the insurance business with which he has ever since been connected. He began this business in Sep- tember. 1865, with Joseph S. Tillinghast. a well- known tire insurance agent in his dav, and con- tinued with him till his death in January, 1876. Then he formed a copartnership with Mr. 'Filling- hast's son Joseph, under the firm name of 'Filling- hast i!v: Alden, and this relation held until the death of this partner in September, 1889, since which time he has conducted the business alone and in his own name. In 1876 he was also elected secretary and treasurer of the Bristol County Mu- tual Fire Insurance Company, which position he still holds. Mr. Alden is a member and a trustee of the Acushnet Lodge, No. 41 of the Order of Odd Fellows, and adjutant of Post igo of the Grand .Army of the Republic, having held other offices in the post. He was married September 12, 1877, to Miss Clara Eaton Burdick. 'J'hey have two children: George Newell, Jr. (born May 25, 1S80). and Mar_\- Hathaway .\lden (born July 13. 1886). Standard began with the establishment of the journal in 1850. He was the commercial and ship-news editor for years, until the importance ANTHONY, Edmund, Jr., of New Bedford, managing editor of the Daily Evening Standard, was born in Taunton, October ig, 1833, son of Edmiuid and .-Vdaline (Soper) .^nthony. On his father's side he is connected with the .Anthonys of Somerset, Fall River, and Rhode Island, his grandfather being Nathan Anthony, of Somerset, and his great-grandfather, David Anthony, of Somerset. On the maternal side he is a direct descendant of Myles Standish, of Plymouth. He acquired his education in private schools and at Bristol Academy of Taunton ; and he was trained for active life in the printing-office of his father. His connection with the New Bedford F.ivning mr"^ EDIVIUND ANTHONY. Jr. and value of the whole fishery industry gave way- to manufacturing. In 1863 he became a partner in the business with his father and brother, Benja- min Anthony, under the firm name of E. Anthony & Sons. The senior died in 1876; but the firm name has since continued, having become incor- porated in 1892. He has been managing editor of the journal for many years, and has maintained it steadily as a high-grade and trustworthy publi- cation. Mr. Anthony has been a Republican all his life ; but he has held no political office, and has always declined to stand for public place. He was married first in 1857 to Miss .\nn F'ran- ces Willard, who died in 1876. Their only child, a daughter, died in 1865. His second marriage was in 1880, with Miss Sarah Co.\. They have no children. His residence is in Fairhaven. ARNOLD, Henry, of Methuen, importer, is a native of England, born in liradford, Yorkshire, March 2, 1837, son of John and Elizabeth (Myers) Arnold. He received a practical educa- tion in the schools of his native place. .After 564 MEN OF PROGRESS. serving an apiirciUict-ship fur pattern-making, ma- chinist, and draughtsman, he followed the voca- tion of a pattern-maker for a number of years. having the welfare of liumanity in \iew. In pol- itics he is a Republican. He was married June 5, 1872, to Miss Hannah Albezette. They have one child : Gertrude M. Arnold. HENRY ARNOLD. Coming to America in the fifties, he has passed thirty-six years of business life in this country. Beginning here in work at his trade, in course of time he assumed the conduct of the industrial works of the machine shop. Subsequently he was for some time engaged in the manufacture of worsted yarns. Then, returning to his old occu- pation, he carried on the business of pattern-mak- ing in Boston for five years; and in 1887 he en- tered the business which he has since pursued, — that of an importer of woollens. Mr. Arnold is widely known through his connection with British- American movements. He was one of the prin- cipal promoters of the celebration of (^ueen Vic- toria's Jubilee by the British residents of Boston and vicinity in June, 1887 ; and he was also one of the principal organizers of the British-American Association of Massachusetts, that year instituted. He has held some of the most important offices in the society, — treasurer, vice-president, and president, — and is now serving his second term as president. He is an e.v-president, also, of the Sons of St. George. He is a member of the Ma- sonic order, and is identified with many interests ASHLEV, Charles Sujiner, of New Bedford, merchant, and postmaster of the city, is a native of New Bedford, born September 5, 1858, son of Joshua B. and Susan (Sanderson) Ashlev. ()n the paternal side he is of the Ashleys of England, and on the maternal side a direct descendant of Ethan Allen. His father was a well-known citi- zen of New Bedford. He was educated in the public schools, finishing at the Friends' Academy. He entered business at an early age, and at seventeen was engaged on his own account in the meat trade. In 1883 he established a wholesale pork and provision business which is still flourish- ing ; and in 1890, forming a copartnership with Stephen D. Pierce, under the firm name of Ashley & Pierce, he opened a clothing and furnishing goods store, the trade of which has since grown to large proportions. For the past ten years he CHAS. S ASHLEY. has taken a prominent part in municipal affairs, and as citizen and official has been devoted to the interests of his city. At the age of twenty-six he MEN OF PROGRESS. 365 was electctl lu Uie Common Council. In 1887 ;uid 1888 he was a member of the Board of Alder- men, and in 1891 and 1892 mayor of the city, elected for his first term after two unsuccessful contests by one of the largest majorities ever re- ceived by a mayoralty candidate, and returned by a flattering vote. His administration as mayor was marked by the advance of the system of pub- lic parks and by other notable improvements. In politics he is an ardent Democrat ; but, as a candi- date for municipal office, he received the indorse- ment and support of men of all parties. He was appointed to his present position as postmaster of New Bedford in March, 1894. Mr. Ashley is connected with numerous organizations, and is an official in several of them. He is a director of the New Bedford Board of Trade ; a member of Vista Lodge of Odd Fellows, and was its treasurer for five years ; a member of the Knights of Pythias, master of the exchecjuer at present, hav- ing held the same position when the lodge was first instituted ; member of the Manchester Unity, Odd Fellows; and member of the Wamsutta, Merchants', Dartmouth, and Hunters' clubs of New Bedford. He was married first in 1880 to Miss Anna B. Luce, by whom were three chil- dren : Ralph E., Hannah B., and Charles S. Ashley; and second, in 1891, to Mrs. Philip IS. Purrington. BAILEV, Horace Porter, of Plymouth, mer- chant, was born in Kingston in 1839, son of Thomas and Cynthia (Chandler) Bailey. His paternal ancestors were Ward and Sarah Bailey, early residents of Kingston. His education was acquired in the public schools. After leaving school, he learned the metal worker's and plumb- ing trade ; and this occupation he followed from 1857 to i860. Then he entered the hardware trade in Plymouth, and on the ist of February, 1869, bought the interest of John C. Barnes, and began the business at No. 18 Main Street, under the firm name of Harlow & Bailey, which has since continued. In 1882 he was elected a water com- missioner of Plymouth, and from that date he has served continuously as secretary of the board ; and since 1883 he has been chief engineer of the Plymouth fire department. He is a member of the Plymouth Lodge Freemasons, and was master of the lodge from 1866 to 1869 ; has been for ten years a member of the Knights of Honor, and some time a member of the Old Colonv Club. In politics he is a Republican, but has never taken an active part in political work. He was married in i860 to Miss Elizabeth B. Foster, of Kingston. HORACE P. BAILEY. They have five children : Arthur L., Fred P., Mary F., Lizzie P., and Percy S. Bailey. BARNES, Lewis Edgar, of Methuen, super- intendent of the Methuen Company, was born in Lawrence, March 7, i860, son of William and Juliette A. (Waldo) Barnes. He is of old New England stock. He was educated in the Methuen public schools, graduating from the grammar school. He began work at the age of fifteen, entering the employ of the Methuen Company as "runner" in the office, and received a thorough business training through the kindness of F. E. Clarke, agent of the Methuen Company and Pemberton Company, of Lawrence, by whom he was given everv chance of advancement. In March, 1888, he was placed in charge, as superin- tendent, of the Nevins Bagging Mill in Salem, owned b\' the proprietors of the Methuen Com- pany, where he remained a year. Then, in March, i88g, he became superintendent of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company of Law- rence, but a little more than a vear later — in 366 MEN OF PROGRESS. June. 1890 - returned to llic Mcthuen Company, taking the position of superintendent, wliich he has since held. Mr. Barnes has ser\ed his town LEWIS E. BARNES. as a member of the School Committee for fi\e years (1885-1890), and he has been a trustee of the Nevins Memorial for two years. He is a Knight Templar, member of the Lawrence Com- mandery ; a member of the Aleppo Temple, of the John Hancock Lodge, Freemasons, Methuen ; of the Royal Arcanum ; and of the Methuen Club. He was married January 26, 1890, to Miss Carrie E. Richardson, of Methuen. They have no chil- dren. l-i.\RNE\', Edwin Luthek, of New^ Bedford, member of the bar, was born in Swansey, April 1. 1827, son of Edwin and Abby (Luther) Barney. He was reared on a well-regulated New England farm, and acquired a good education in the country schools and at Brown Lfniversity, where he spent one year in the class of 1850. He studied for his profession in the Yale Law School, and in the office of the late Timothy G. Coffin, of New Bedford, and was admitted to the bar at Taunton in October, 1850, at the age of twenty-three years. From that time he has been in active practice, engaged in all branches of his profession, and is now the oldest practising lawyer in Bristol County. He has tried more causes than any other attorney in the county, and is still in full practice. He has had several law students, the most notable one perhaps being the present attorne3'-general of Massachusetts, Mr. Knowlton. In the sixties he was for two terms a senator in the Legislature (1866-1867). He was judge advocate on (General Butler's staff from 1869 to 1875. He is a Mason of more than forty years' standing, and has taken all the degrees up to the thirty-second. In politics he has always been a Democrat. In i860 lie was a Douglas Democrat, and all through the Civil War he was a stanch War Democrat. He was married .-Vpril IS, 18^6, to Miss Marv Hillman. They have E. L. BARNEY. four sons. The two oldest, Benjamin Butler and Edwin L. Barney, Jr., are lawyers practising law with their father. BENT. William Henkv, of Taunton, manu- facturer, is a native of Cambridge, born January 2, 1839, son of Nathaniel T. and Catharine E. D. (Metcalf) Bent. His father, born in Milton in 1810, graduated at Harvard College in 1831, a minister of high standing in the Episcopal Church, MEN OF PROGRESS. 367 \v;is a descendant of John llont. who came from England to Massachusetts in 163S. His mother was horn in Cnmbridsie in iSii, danghter of WM. H. BENT. Colonel Eliab W. Metcalf, a descendant of Michael Metcalf, who came from England to Massachu- setts in 1637. He was educated in private and public schools, and fitted for a civil engineer. When he was seventeen years old (in 1856), he entered the extensive machinery works of William Mason in Taunton ; and he has been connected with them ever since, except for a short time after the panic of 1857, when that business was tem- porarily suspended. Returning in 1859, he gradu- ually worked up to the position of chief executive officer of the works at the death of Mr. Mas(m in May, 1883. In 1873, when the business was incorporated under the name of the Mason Ma- chine Works, he became treasurer of the corpora- tion, which office he has held uninterruptedly until the present time. Ihe corporation employs in good times about one thousand men, chiefly in building cotton machiner)'. Mr. lient is also connected with numerous other large interests. He is a director of the Corliss Steam P^ngine Company of Providence, R.I. ; director of the Nemasket Mills. Taunton : director of the Boston Manufacturers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company ; president of the Liberty Square Warehouse Com- pany of Boston ; and director of the .Machinists' \ational Bank of Taunton. He has served as an alderman of Taunton two terms (1877 and 1878), and has been chairman of the Board of Commis- sioners of the Sinking Eunds of the city ever since it was created in 1878. .\lihough repeatedly sought, he has declined political offices and ap- pointments other than municipal, among them that of member of the special commission on the unemployed, created by the Legislature of 1894, to which he was appointed by Governor Green- halge. In politics he is a Republican. He was a delegate to the National Republican Convention of 1 888. He is an earnest and influential advo- cate and defender of protection, a frequent con- tributor to the press in its interest, and since Xovember, 1892, has been president of the Home Market Club. He is also a member of the tariff committee of the Arkwright Club of Boston. In religious faith he is an Episcopalian, and is a prominent lay member of the church organization. He is a delegate to the Diocesan Convention of the Episcopal Church of Massachusetts ; is a member of the committee of fifteen appointed by Bishop Lawrence in 1S94 to report a plan for the division of the diocese ; a member of the Episcopalian Club of Massachusetts ; and senior warden of St. Thomas Episcopal Churcii, Taun- ton. His club associations are with the Union Club of Boston. Mr. Bent was married June 14, 1865, to Miss Harriet E. Hendee, daughter of Charles J. Hendee, of Boston. They have had three sons : Arthur Cleveland, Frederick Hendee, and Charles (died in infancy). Tile two sons living graduated from Harvard College in 1889. Mrs. Bent died in 1873. He married second Miss Sarah E. Chesbrough, daughter of Lewis R. Chesbrough, of New \'ork, January 29, 1885. BIXBY. FREn Morton, of Brockton, special justice of the police court, was born in Brockton (then North Bridgewater), December i, 1863, son of Charles C. and Alice (Crocker) Bixby. He was educated in the common and high schools of his native town. He studied for his profession in the Boston University Law School, youngest member in his class, from which he graduated in 1884, appointed by the faculty class orator for scholarship, and was admitted to the bar that year. He has since been engaged in general ?68 MEN OF PROGRESS. practice in I'.rnckton, civil and criminal, having a large business in the latter class. In 1889 and 1890 he was assistant district attorney for the :m- and grandfather removed with the family to Venice, Cayuga Count)', N.V., where they lived many years. The father and mother, however, subsequently returned to Massachusetts ; and both died in New Bedford. Alanson Borden first at- tended school near his first home, and after the removal to New York he was a regular pupil at the district school until he reached seventeen years of age. Then he entered the academy at Groton, N.Y., and a few months later changed to Aurora (Cayuga County) Academy, which he at- tended about two years. It had been his cher- ished intention to go through college, and during a period of teaching after leaving Aurora Acad- emy he began preparation for a college course ; but a combination of circumstances rendered it impracticable to carry out his plans, and his fur- ther educational advantages were restricted to one year in an academy at Ithaca, N.Y. He had ac- quired, however, in these several institutions an excellent academic education ; and this was much enhanced by subsequent private study. Follow- ing his term at Ithaca, he taught in district and private schools, closing this kind of labor with one F. M. BIXBY. South-eastern District; and in 1890 was appointed special justice of the Brockton police court, the position he still holds. With the exception of a term in the Common Council of his city ( 1886), he has held no political position, confining himself exclusively to the practice of his profession. He is a Tnember of the Masonic fraternity, and promi- nent in the order of Elks, an exalted ruler, and president of the Elks Club of Brockton. He is a member also of the Commercial, the New Eng- land, and the Winthrop Yacht clubs. He was married November 25, 1887, to Miss Lillie Hal- lett, of Cambridge. They have one child: .Mice Parker Bixby (born September, 1889). BORDEN, Alanson, of New Bedford, judge of the Third Bri-stol District Court, was born in the town of Tiverton, R.I., near the Massachusetts State line (now in Massachusetts), January 7, 1823. His father was Isaac Borden, a farmer, as were also his grandfather and earlier ancestors, who were of English descent ; and his mother was Abby Borden, a member of a different family, not related. When he was a lad of nine, his father ALANSON BORDEN. year at Fall River, Mass. In 1S46 he went to live in New Bedford, resolved to enter the legal profession. He began his studies in the office of MEN OF PROGRESS. 369 KUiolt & Kasson, and remained there two and one- half years, when he was admitted to the bar, and at once opened an office, lie has ever since practised in New Bedford, though much of his time and talent has been given to the duties of public life. He was appointed in 1856 special justice of the police court, and held this position for three years, when he resigned. Next he was elected to the Legislature, and served acceptably two years (1859 and i860). Following this ser- vice, he accepted the office of trial justice for juvenile offenders in New Bedford. In 1864 he w^s appointed judge of the city police court, and held this office till 1874, when all the police courts of the county were abolished and the county divided into three districts. At that time he received the appointment of judge for the third district, including New Bedford and the tbwns of Dartmouth, \\'estport, Fairhaven, Acushnet, and Freetown, which position he has since held. In 1864 he became the law partner of the late Judge Robert C. Pitman, and this connection continued until the appointment of Mr. Pitman to the bench of the Superior Court in 1869. In his various legislative and judicial positions he has demon- strated his fitness for them. In 1877 he was mayor of the city, and gave an excellent adminis- tration. He has been a member of the school board for many years, and chairman for three. His legal practice has been of a general character, mostly office practice ; and the confidence reposed in him has led to his frequent appointment as ad- ministrator of estates, as trustee of private prop- erty, and executor of wills. He has for many years been prominently identified with the tem- perance cause, both by words and deeds render- ing it most efficient service. Judge Borden was married first, January 27, 1852, to Miss May C. Topham, of New Bedford. .She died August 22, 1876. He married second, Miss Mary Kent, daughter of George Kent, of \\'ashington. .She died January 9, 1885. He married on the [6th of January, 1886, Miss Anna R. C'omesford, of New Bedford. His children are : a son by his first wife. William A., who is now in charge of the Voung Men's Library at New Haven, Conn. ; and a daughter, Laura E. Borden, now Mrs. Charles H. Lobdell, of Xew liedford. HOUTON, Eur.F.XE, of Pittsfield, superintend- ent of schools, is a native of New York, born in Jefferson, Schoharie County, December 6, 1850, son of Ira and Emma (Foote) Bouton. On both sides he is connected with early Connecticut fam- ilies. On the paternal side he is a descendant in direct line of John Bouton, born about 1615, who came to Boston from Gravesend, England, in the ship "Assurance" in 1635, ^^^ '^^^ one of the first settlers of Norwalk, Conn. The Bouton- Boughton genealogy makes this John Bouton to be one of the twin sons of Nicholas Bouton, Count Chamilly of France, born about 1580 ; says that he was a Huguenot who fled to England during the great persecution, and came to this country as an emigrant from there ; that he became an influ- ential citizen, in 167 1 and for several years subse- quent was a representative in the general court of the colony of Connecticut, and served his towns- men in many official capacities in Norwalk. On the maternal side Mr. Bouton is a direct descend- ant of Nathaniel Foote, who came from England in 1630, first settled in Watertown, Mass., and in 1635 was one of the company of emigrants who set out to begin settlements on tlie Connecticut River at Hartford, Wethersfield, and Windsor, himself settling at Wethersfield and becoming one of the original proprietors of that town. Through this Nathaniel Foote, Henry Ward Beecher wrote, — in reference to his mother, Roxana Foote, of this family, — the genealogy can be traced back to " James Foote, an officer in the English army, who aided King Charles to conceal himself in the Royal Oak, and was knighted for his loyalty." Eugene Bouton first attended the district schools of his native town, and at the age of fifteen, in 1865, entered the seminary at Stamford, N.Y., then under the principalship of the Rev. John \\'ilde. The following year he attended the Dela- ware Literary Institute at Franklin, N.Y. ; and he finished preparation for college at Cazenovia Sem- inary in 1870, after two years' study there. He entered Yale College in 187 1, and graduated from the academic department in 1875, ranking high in scholarship and literary attainments here as at the academy. He won a number of prizes ; was for two years editor of the Va/f Courant ; wrote for the Literary Magazine: was a speaker at Com- mencement, and class poet. In 1880-81 he pui'- sued a course of graduate study at Yale, in Eng- lish poetry, under the direction of Professor H. A. Beers, at the close of the year receiving the degree of A.M. in recognition of this work ; and in 1881-82 took a further course in general English 370 MEN OF PROGRESS. litLTaluic uiitk-r l»r. W. 1'. ('od(lin,:;lt>n. of Syra- cuse University, receiving fnim that institution at Commencement in i8cS2 tiie degree of Pli.U. Dr. Bouton l)egan teacliing when a youth of scarcely sixteen, liis first experience iseing in district schools in various parts of New York State, be- sides for a part of one year in Stamford Seminary. After graduation in 1S75 he taught ancient lan- guages and natural science in the academy and union school of Norwich, N.Y., for two years ; was then principal of the union school and acad- emy at Sherburne, X.N'., for three years. In EUGENE BOUTON. 1880 he was invited to the chair of English lan- guage and literature in the Albany .Academy, which position he filled three and one-half years. During the summer of 1881 he visited Great Ilrit- ain and France for the purpose of obtaining spe- cial information concerning English liistory and literature. In January, 1884, he was appointed a member of the Institute Faculty of the State of New York by the State superintendent of public instruction, and served thereon for two years, until appointed deputy superintendent of public instruction in January, 1886, and shortly after- wards principal of the newly established State Normal School at New Paltz, N.Y. Two and a half years were devoted to organizing the latter school; and then, having with the local hoard secured from the Legislature an appropriation for more than doubling its size and capacity to meet the enlarged requirements, he resigned its prin- cipalship, and turned his attention for the next two years to literary work at Sherburne, N.Y. In 1890 he was recalled into service as superintend- ent of schools at Bridgeport, Conn. ; and this po- sition he retained for three years, during which time the course of study was considerably broad- ened, and the educational work of the city mate- rially improved. He was appointed to his present position as superintendent of schools at Pittsfield. early in 1894. While at the .\lbany Academy, in the spring of 188 1 he was elected professor of history and English literature in the College of Charleston, S.(.'., but declined to accept the offer; and, while principal at New Paltz, he declined an invitation to the chair of English literature in the University of Kansas. Since that time he has declined to become a candidate for several impor- tant positions apparently within his reach, but likely to interfere with the working out of his edu- cational ideas. Mr. Bouton's contributions to literature have been numerous and varied. He contributed to McClintock and Strong's Cyclo- p;tdia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature in 1877 ; in 1884 he published, in con- nection with Professor James Johonnot, a work on elementary physiology and hygiene, entitled ■' How we li\e; or, the Human Body, and How to take Care of it" (New York: D. Appleton & Co.), a revised edition of which was issued five years later under the title of " Lessons in Hygiene"; he has engaged in the preparation of other te.xt-books ; has been a frequent contributor to educational periodicals, and has written a number of occasional poems which have appeared in periodicals. He has always been active in educational associations, and has shared in most of the educational movements in recent years. He was among the first in New York State to agitate the licensing of common-school teachers bv .State rather than by merely local authority. Besides his reports in various official capacities, in which many of his educational ideas have been set forth, he has presented several papers before the Liniversity Convocation of New York State and the State teachers' associations of New York and Connecticut. He has served in various official capacities in teachers' associations ; was one of the originators and a director of the New MKN OF PROGRESS. 371 York Slate Reading Cirelc ; and, while at Bridge- port, was a member of the Fairfield County Historical Society, the Jiridgeport Scientific Society, and the Seaside Club, In politics he is a Democrat. Dr. Bouton was married June 29, 1887, to Miss Elizabeth Rumrill Ciladwin, daugh- ter of .Mbert R. Gladwin, of Sherburne, N.\'. They ha\'e three children: Katharine (born in Sherburne, January 26, 1889), Ciladwin (born in Bridgeport, September 16, 1891), and Klizabeth (born in Bridgeport, October 14, 1S931. E. A. BRACKETT. BRACKET'!', Edward Aui;ustus, of Winches- ter, chairman of the Massachusetts Commission on Inland Fisheries and Game, is a native of Maine, born in Vassalboro, October i, 1819, son of Reuben and Elizabeth (Starkey) Brackett. He was educated in the common schools and at the Friends' Academy at Providence, R.I. His early life was devoted to sculpture, and some of his best works were busts of \\'illiani Henry Harrison, Senator Talmage, Benjamin F. Butler, John Brown, Washington Allston, Wendell Phillips, William Lloyd Garrison, and the group " The Shipwrecked Mother and Child." He served in the early part of the Civil \\'ar, appointed by Gov- ernor .Andrew first lieutenant and battalion quar- termaster of the First Massachusetts Cavalry October 25, 1861, and mustered into the service December 4 following In March, 1862, he re- signed in consequence of the reorganization of the cavalry by act of Congress. He was first ap- pointed one of the State Commission on Inland Fisheries in June, 1S69, and has held the office ever since, a period of upwards of twenty-five years. In October, 1894, he was reappointed for another term of five years. Since 187;^ he has been chairman and executi\e officer of the board, and has written the annual reports since 1872. He is the inventor of a fishvvay which has always been successful even over the highest dams, and of hatching trays that are in universal use. In politics he is a Republican. He has been twice married, first, in 1842 to Miss Folger, of Cincin- nati, Ohio, and second, in 1872, to Miss Belville, of Mt, Washington, ( )hio. He has two sons and three daughters: Frank D., Walter V., Lena R. mow Mrs. H. E. Wellington), Bessie R. (Mrs. Charles S. Parker"), and Bertha F2. Brackett. liR.\l)V, [ames, Jr., of {''all River, collector of customs, port and district of Fall River, was born in Cambridge. November 23, 1830, son of James and B. (Brady) Brady. He was educated in the public schools. At the age of twelve he was em- ployed in a cotton mill, and at twenty had attained the oversight of the spinning department, which occupation he was engaged in at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861. He joined the army in the first vear of the war, commissioned as first lieutenant of Company G., Twenty-si.xth Massa- chusetts Regiment, September 18, 1861. He was made captain December 6, 1862, veteranized in January, 1864, and served until the end of the latter year, being discharged from military ser- vice on the 3 I St of December by reason of wounds received in battle at Winchester, Va., September 1 9 preceding, while gallantly leading his com- mand, — the loss of the left leg. and gun-shot wound in left side and in right leg. While being taken off the field, a volley was fired at him ; and two of the men carrying him were killed. In July, 1865, he was appointed to the Fall River collectorship by President Johnson ; and he has been retained since by succeeding Presidents, — re- appointed by President Grant, March 2, 1870, and February 24, 1874; by President Hayes, April 12, 1878: by President .\rthur, May 2, 18S2: by 372 MEN OF PROGRESS. President ClevehuKl, August 5, 1886: by President Harrison, September 11, 1890; and by President Cleveland in 1894. Captain Brady is a member •^"^ JAMES BRADY, Jr. of Post 46, Grand Army of the Repulalic : a mem- ber of the Twenty-sixth Massachusetts Regiment, of which he was president from October, 1881, to October, 1884, covering three terms; a Free- mason, member of King Philip Lodge, Fall River, Royal Arch Chapter, Fall River Council, and God- frey de Bouillon Commandery; and a member of the Home Market Club. Captain Brady was first married. May 19, 1853, to Miss Delila Van Deusen, of Copake, N.Y. They had six children : Clara, James 1)., Carrie B., Viola, Leila, and Delmer Brady. He married second, November 11, 1886, Miss Josephine M. ISurnsicle. of Winchester, Va. They ha\e no children. BROWN, Daniel Eugene, M.D., of Brockton, was born in Maine, in the city of Ellsworth, Feb- ruary 8, 1865, son of Ivory L. and Emma L. (Eppes) Brown. On the paternal side he is a de- scendant of Peter Brown, who came from England in the " Mayflower," and on the maternal side of Colonel Da\id Greene, a brother of General Nathaniel Greene, of Revolutionary fame. His mother was a daughter of Daniel Eppes, ist, son of Henry and Emma (Greene) Eppes, the latter daughter of Colonel David Greene's son John and .Abigail (Gerry) Greene. His father was on the maternal side a cousin to Chief Justice John A. Peters, of Maine. His general education was ob- tained in the public schools of Ellsw'orth ; and he studied for his profession in the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia, wliere he was graduated March 31, 1886. During his vaca- tions from school he worked in the stores of his father and his uncle, Daniel H. Eppes, in Ells- worth. He began the practice of medicine on the I St of May, the year of his graduation, well estab- lished in Brockton, where he has since continued. He is a member of the Massachusetts Homoeo- pathic Medical Society and of the Plymouth County Homteopathic Medical Society. He also belongs to the order of Odd Fellows, the Benevo- lent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Knights of Pythias ; and is a member of the Com- mercial Club of Brockton. In politics he is a Re- publican. He was married June 9, 1883, to Miss Linnie M. Burnham, daughter of A. F. Burnham, DANIEL E. BROWN. a well-known lawyer of Ellsworth, Me. have one son, .Albert Farrington Brown. They MEN OF PROGRESS. 37, BRUCE, Alexander Bern, of Lawrence, man- ufacturer, for two terms mayor of the city, is a native of Scotland, born in Krecliin, September A. B. BRUCE. 17, 1853, son of David and Jemima (Bern) Bruce. He came to this country at an early age witli his parents, who settled in Andover, and was edu- cated there in the pubHc schools. At the age of fifteen he went to Lawrence in searcli of employ- ment, and, finding a place as workman in the cracker and biscuit factory of the late Jonathan P. Kent, made rapid progress in the business. Within six years he rose from the foot of the line to the position of foreman. After the death of Mr. Kent he successfully managed the business until 1 88 1, when he purchased an interest in it, and his name appeared in the firm. From that time the firm name was Kent & Bruce till Febru- ary, 189 1, when Mr. Bruce became sole proprietor of the plant. It is now with one exception the largest cracker and biscuit bakery in New Eng- land. While de\ eloping this business, Mr. Bruce also engaged in other interests, and is now a director of the Merchants' National Bank, director of the Lowell, Lawrence, & Haverhill Railroad, trustee of the Wildey Savings Bank of Boston, and director of the New England North-western Investment Company. He was president of the Lawrence Board of Trade in 1893. In 18S4 he was a member of the Lawrence Board of Alder- men, and in 1886-87 mayor of the city, in which office he so conducted affairs as to win the com- mendation of men of all parties. His adminis- tration was marked by numerous local improve- ments, the strengthening of the fire department by the purchase of needed apparatus, and other practical work. He also succeeded in relieving the city of the payment of the sum of §25,000 originally assessed upon it for the Union Street Bridge, constructed at an expense of §65,000, through appealing to the higher courts, by the de- cision of which that sum was assessed upon the other towns of the county. His success in the mayoralty was attributed by the local press to his frankness, openness, his readiness to give every citizen full information on all municipal matters, and to his application of general business princi- ples to the conduct of the city's business. In politics he is a steadfast Democrat, but in the mayoralty was unpartisan. As a citizen, he is charitable, benevolent, helpful in many good causes. He is connected with the Masonic and Odd Fellows' orders, and is a member of the Home and Canoe clubs of Lawrence and of the Algonquin Club of Boston. He was married in 1870 to Miss Mary H. Mitchell. They have one child, David Bruce. BUCKINGHAM, George Beecher, of Worces- ter, manufacturer, is a native of Connecticut, born in the town of Oxford, March 20, 1849, son of Philo B. and Sally C. (Perkins) Buckingham. His ancestry on the paternal side is traced back many years. It has been a tradition in his family that their ancestor was a Welshman ; but, as the old records are lost, this is merely traditional. The name of Buckingham as a family name is de- rived from the county of Buckingham in England. There is a family crest of handsome design. 'The Puritan settler was Thomas Buckingham, who was the ancestor of all the American Buckinghams. He arrived in Boston June 26, 1637, probably in the ship "Hector," and in March following (1638 ) sailed for Quinepiack, now New Haven ; and a history of the Buckingham family from that period is extremely interesting. Many of the family in this country have filled honorable and important positions. Eleven have graduated from Vale College and several at other colleges and 374 MEN OF PROGRESS. seminaries ; ami a lary;e number have distinguislied themselves in the learned professions. Colonel I'hilo B. Buckingham, the father of the subject of this sketch, had a most brilliant war record. In 1862 he closed up his business, raised a company of volunteers, enlisting himself as a private, and afterwards chosen captain; was present at the battle of Chancellorsville, also at (Gettysburg in 1S63 ; was in command of a brigade by seniority, and made the famous -'march to the sea" from .\tlanta to .Savannah ; took part in many battles, and served gallantly to the end, being mustered out lune 27, 1.S65. He died ( )ctober 16, 1894. GEO. B. BUCKINGHAM. George B. was educated mainly in the public schools of Seymour and New Haven, finishing while in New Ha\en with a course at the Russell Military School. His early business life was spent in New Haven ; and in 1869, when twenty years old, he came to V\'orcester in the service of the Sargent Card Clothing Company. He re- mained with this concern until 1S73, when he united with Warren McFarland in the malleable iron business. Under his active management this has grown to very large proportions, now embrac- ing two e.\tensive and independent manufactories, — the Arcade Malleable Iron Conqjany. and the Worcester Malleable Iron Works. Mr. Bucking- ham is also a director of the Citizens' National Bank of \\'orcester and of the E. C. Morris Safe Company of Boston. He is an active member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Conipanv of Boston, member of the Worcester Countx' Mechanics' Association, and prominently con- nected with Freemasonry, said to be one of the best known craftsmen in the country. He joined .Vthelstan Lodge of Freemasons in 1872, and rapidly progressed in the order. In that year he also joined Eureka Chapter and Worcester County Conuiiandery of Knights Templar : in 1873, Hiram Council Royal and Select Masters ; in 1874, Worcester Lodge of Perfection; in 1876 and 1877 he was high priest of Eureka Chapter; in 1885 he became a member of Goddard Coun- cil Princes of Jerusalem, Lawrence Chapter of Rose Croix, and Massachusetts Consistory, thirty- second degree; in 1887-88-89 was eminent com- mander of Worcester County Commandery ; in 1888-89-90-91, most wise and perfect master of Lawrence Chapter of Rose Croi.x ; in 1889, member of Supreme Council, thirty-third degree, a sovereign grand inspector-general, northern jurisdiction, LTnited States of America ; and in 1893-94, president of the Board of Trustees of the Masonic Fraternity of Worcester. Mr. Bucking- ham was married July 2, 187 1, to Miss Abbie McFarland. They have had three children : Alice Perkins (born September 29, 1872), Florence Edith (born August 28, 1874), and Harold Paul Buckingham (born April 10, 1886). CHASE, Eli Aver. M.I)., of Brockton, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Unity, Waldo County, April 2, 1847, son of Harrison and Marcia (Ayer) Chase. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of William Chase, who settled in Yarmouth, Mass.. in 1637. On the maternal side he descends from Dr. Eli Ayer, of Palermo, Me. He was educated in the common schools, and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary and East Maine Conference Seminary of Bucksport. His studies were interrupted by the Cix'il War, in which he enlisted as a private in the Twenty-ninth Maine Infantry Regiment, when he was but seven- teen years old, and served with his regiment in Virginia, West Virginia, Georgia, and the Caro- linas till February, 1866. He resumed school life after recruiting his health, and also took up MEN OF PROGRESS. 375 leacliiiii;-. He hcyan ihu study of medicine in the office of Dr. J. T. Main, at Unity, in April, 1S69, and subsequently attended the medical depart- ClllSHOLM, William Parmer, MA)., of lirockton, is a native of Nova Scotia, born in On- slow, Colchester County, February 21, 1853, son of Thomas B. and Letitia (Fletcher) Chisholm. His father's father, Alexander Chisholm, came with his father, Donald Chisholm, to Nova Scotia, from Scotland, toward the end of the last century. They were descended from the chief of the clan Chisholm, and traced their lineage back to Sir Robert Chisholm, who flourished in the fourteenth century. His mother's father was Captain jdhii Fletcher, son of Captain Thomas Fletcher, who came from England with his brother. Colonel I'letcher, and settled in Londonderry, N.S., in the last century. Dr. Chisholm received his general education in the schools of his native town, at the Provincial Normal College, Truro, N.S., and at I )aIhousie University, Halifa.x, N.S. He began his medical studies under the family physician, Dr. I). H. Muir, at Truro, then attended the Halifax Medical College, where he was under the special training of Dr. Farrell, professor of surgery, and finished in the medical department of the University E. A. CHASE. ment of Bowdoin College and the Long Lsland Cf)llege Hospital, Brooklyn, N.Y., where he grad- uated in June, 1872. While a medical student he taught school at inter\als. LTpon receiving his degree of M.D. he was appointed house surgeon in the Long Island College Hospital ; and in Sep- tember, 1873, he entered upon the practice of medicine proper in North Bridgewater, now Brock- ton. Since that time he has devoted himself entirely to his profession, and his practice has been large and lucrati\e. He is president of the Plymouth District Medical Society and a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society. In politics he has generally acted with the Republican party ; but he has never taken an active part in national. State, or municipal politics, nor sought office. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, is a member of the Brockton Lodge, No. 164, of the order of Elks, and a member of Post 13, Fletcher Webster, Grand Army of the Republic. Dr. Chase mar- ried October 23. 1876, Miss S. Ella Seaman. They have three children : Harry .\\er, Clara S., and Annie C;. ("hase. W. p. CHISHOLM. of the City of New York, graduating therefrom in March, 188 1. After graduation he came to Brock- ton, and immediately entered upon the active i7(> MEN OF PROGRESS. practice of his profession, in which lie has since been steadily engaged. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society. He is connected with the Knights of Pythias, member of Damocles Lodge, Brockton, also belongs to the Brockton Lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is a member of the Elks Club. He was married March 22, 1883, to Miss Lila A. Cogswell, of Cornwallis, N.S. They have three children : Beatrice, Olivia, and William Cogswell Chisholm. COOK, William Henry, of Milford, editor of the M\\iorA/iiuni(i/. is a native of Vermont, born in the historic old town of Bennington, January 7, 1843, son of James L C. and Marion E. (Robert- son) Cook. The latter deceased May 8, 1888. He was educated mostly in the district schools. When a lad of nine years, he learned to set type in the office of the ^'ermont State Banner at Bennington, of which his father was editor and part proprietor in association with the latter's brother, under the firm name of B. G. & J. 1. C. Cook ; and in his early teens he was the carrier of the Banna- to its village subscribers at a salary of twenty-five cents a week. In 1859, at the age of si.xteen, he became a partner of his father, his uncle having died in 1856, and was the youngest editor in the State. He was present at the organ- ization of the Vermont Press Association. His work on the Banner continued without break until 1870, when the establishment was sold. For two years thereafter he contributed to various papers, and then, in the spring of 1872, in con- junction with his father and brother, — George G. Cook, — purchased the Milford Journal and job office connected with it. Since that time the Mil- ford business has been most successfully carried on by the father and sons, under the firm name of Cook & Sons, the elder superintending the me- chanical departments, William H. serving as the editor of the paper, and George G. as the busi- ness manager. The latter also served as post- master of Milford during the Harrison administra- tion. In 18S8 the firm established the Milford Daily Journal, a penny paper, in response to a quite general public sentiment, which met with immediate success. Of Mr. Cook's professional principles the National Journalist has said, " He is a firm believer in an individualized editorial column which shall state honest convictions in a plain and unequivocal manner, and stand by them.'" He comes naturally by his newspaper tendencies and love of printing, his father having begun work at the age of thirteen, in the old office of the IntelUf(encc at Bellows Falls, Vt., then owned by the latter's brother, B. G. Cook, and continued at it uninterruptedly from that time to the present, a period of sixty-four years. He is yet actively at work in the '■ art preservative " in the Journal office, where he is present not less than eight hours daily, and may be properly spoken of as one of the few " old school prniters " in the State who still continue to " stick type." Early in his career as editor of the Milford Journal, Mr. w. H. COOK. Cook became especially active in movements for journalistic organizations. He is one of the founders of the .Suburban Press Association, and was its president through the first three years of its existence. .\t the present time (1895) he is president of the Massachusetts Press Association, and also of the Republican Editorial Association. His interest in politics began with his journalistic work. Before he was of age he was a delegate in a Republican Convention in Vermont, and at twenty-three was chairman of the Republican committee of Bennington County. Four years after he had acquired citizenship in Massachusetts he was elected a representative for his district in MEN OF PROGRESS. 329 (Mich.) College on the 1st of January, 1866. He studied there and later in Shurtleff College, Upper Alton, 111., but did not graduate then. During this period he also had some e.xperience as a teacher both in Illinois and in Michigan. In 187 1 he began the study of law in the office of May & Buck in Kalamazoo, but in the summer of that year he was called to the ministry. In September following he was ordained in Bellevue, Mich. He served a short pastorate in Bellevue. and a little more than three years in Albion, Mich. In 1875 he went to the Mt. Morris, N.Y. (Livingston County), Baptist church. In Septeni- PHILIP S. MOXOM. ber, the same year, he entered the Rochester Theological Seminary, and took the full three years' course, graduating in May, 1878, meantime serving as pastor of the Mt. Morris church till the last of March, 1879. In July that year he took the degree of A.B. in the University of Roches- ter, and in 18S2 A.M. in course in the same col- lege. From the Mt. Morris church he went to the First Baptist Church in Cleveland, Ohio, be- ginning his pastorate there on the ist of April, 1879. In August, 1885, he became pastor of the l'"irst Baptist Church, Boston, and served there till the ist of January, 1894; and on the ist of .April following he began his service in Springfield as pastor of the South Congregational C hurch. In June, 1892, while in Boston, where he took rank among the foremost clergymen of that city, he received the degree of D.I), from Brown Uni- versity. Dr. Mo.xom has written and published various articles on social and religious questions, and in 1894 published a volume of addresses to young people under the title of " The Aim of Life" (Boston, Roberts Brothers), which passed rapidly into the second thousand. He also wrote a paper entitled an " Argument for Immortality" for the World's Parliament of Religions, and preached the sermon, on " Moral and Social .\spects of War," before the World's Peace Con- gress in Chicago in 1893, He has preached much at Cornell, Harvard, and Yale Universities, at Dartmouth College, Wellesley College, Vassar College, and other educational institutions. He is a member of the American Peace Society, and has- been a delegate to International Peace Congresses in London in 1890, Berne in 1892, Chicago in 1893, and Antwerp in 1894; is a mem- ber of the American Economic Association, of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, of the council of the Andover House Association ; honorary member of the Dartmouth Alumni Association : member of the University Club of Boston, and of various other clubs ; was president of the Appalachian Mountain Club 1894; and president of the Browning Society, Boston, 1894-95. In politics he has been a Republican, in later years an independent Re- publican. He takes much interest in political as well as in social questions. He has travelled much abroad, having made five trips to Europe. iJr. Mo.xom was married September 6, 187 1, to Miss Isabel Elliott, daughter of the Hon. Adam Elliott, of Barry, Mich. They have four children living : Philip W. T. (now in Brown University), Howard Osgood, Edith Knowles, and Ralph Pen- dleton Moxom. NEWMAN, Louis Frank, of Springfield, real estate operator, is a native of the South, born in Montgomery, Ala., December 19, 1857, son of Rebeka and Seeman Newman. His father was a German emigre as a result of the Revolution of 1848. The boy lived in Montgomery until the close of the Civil War; and then his father, fear- ing the effects upon business of the changes of the reconstruction period, took the family abroad. 330 MEN OF PROGRESS. He was there educated, at -Segnitz. in Bavaria, a famous boys" school, where he spent four years, from 1867 to 187 1. In 1871, after travelling through Germany, he returned to this country, and at the age of fourteen entered the store of his father, re-established in Montgomery, to learn the dry-goods business. This business, however, was uncongenial to him : and after three years experience in it he set out for New York, work- ing his way from Norfolk, \'a.. on an Old Dominion steamship. In New York he found temporary employment in making picture frames, though he lacked every preparation for the work. LOUIS F. NEWMAN. A year later, in 1S76, the Centennial Exhibition drew him to Philadelphia, where he secured emplo_\ment as entry clerk with Sharpies & Sons, then the leading dry-goods house in that city. Here he remained until 1880. Meanwhile he had come under the influence of the Young Men's Christian .Association : and he w^as so impressed by the adaptability of this institution to reach young men, and to train and preserve them, that he finally resigned all idea of business life for at least ten years, and in October of 1880 entered its employ, being appointed general secretary of the association at Richmond, Va. He was then, with one exception, the youngest secretary in .\merica. After organizing the Richmond associa- tion and putting it in good condition, in February, 1883, he was transferred to Detroit, Mich., to occupy a similar position. Here the organization had been reduced by poor management and a lack of know-ledge as to its proper sphere. He at once re-established it on a business basis ; and w^hen he resigned in December, 1890, after eight years' work, what was a disrupted, homeless, and bankrupt organization, when he assumed charge, had become a flourishing institution, with a membership of nearly two thousand, an income of twenty thousand dollars a year, and a building of its own, valued at one hundred and se\enty-five thousand dollars, free of debt. During this time he became widely know-n as a forceful speaker on social and religious topics, having occupied some of the leading pulpits and platforms in the West. He is what might be called a bookworm. He owns a fine library and one of the best collec- tions of etchings in the country. Since his retire- ment from the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion work Mr. Newman has devoted his attention to real estate, making his home in Springfield, and his ventures during the three years from 1891 to 1894 have reached into millions of dollars. As a sample of his energy, it may be mentioned that in May, 1893, in the face of the financial panic which characterized that year, he, with others, purchased a fifty-acre tract of land in Springfield. .At the end of one year he had built a dozen fine houses upon it, opened wide boulevards and terraces, laid out drives, erected statuary and the like, and greatly increased the value of the prop- erty. His chief characteristics are executive ability, tact in dealing with men, centralized energy and perseverance. In the first year of his .Springfield business experience, despite the fact of being unknown to a single business man in the city, he has succeeded in identifying with him in his numerous enterprises some of the leading conservative bank presidents. Mr. Newman was married May 11, 1893, to Miss Lura Barden, the famous elocutionist, of Detroit, .Mich. They have one son : Gwendel Barden Newman. NICHOLS, Ch.\rles Lemuel, M.D., of Worces- ter, is a native of \\'orcester, born May 29, 185 i, son of Lemuel B. and Lydia C. (Anthony) Nichols. His father and father's father were also physicians, the former one of the founders of the MEN OF PROGRESS. Worcester County HoiiUL-opathic Medical Society, and its first president in 1866. His mother was a daiigliter of James Anthony, a prominent manu- facturer of Providence, R.I., and connected with one of the oldest families of that State. He was educated in the Worcester public schools, the Highland Military School of Worcester, and at Brown University, where he graduated A.H. in 1872 and A.M. in 1875. Daring the year 1872- 73 he was assistant instructor in chemistry at Brown. He took the regular course of the Harvard Medical School, graduating in 1875, and after a year as interne in Ward's Island (N.V.) CHAS. L. NICHOLS. Homoeopathic Hospital went abroad, where he further pursued his studies through the year 1877. Returning to Worcester, he entered upon the general practice of his profession, in association with his father. This partnership continued till the death of the latter in 1883, when he succeeded to tiie entire practice. He was largely instru- mental in establishing the Worcester Homreopathic I )ispensary (dating from 1880; incorporated 1885), and has been treasurer of the Dispensary Associa- tion from its beginning. He is also much inter- ested in the .Associated Charities, of which he is secretary. He has been a member of the Mas- sachusetts Homtcopathic Medical Society since 1878, and of the Worcester County HonKeopathic Medical Society since 1877. He married, first, June 14, 1887, Miss Carolina Clinton Dewey, daughter of Judge Francis H. Dewey, who died December 22, 1878, leaving one child, Caroline D. Nichols; and, second, November 25, 1884, Miss Mary Jarette Rrayton, daughter of the Hon. John S. Brayton of Fall River : they have three children, Charles L., Jr., Harriet 11, and Jirayton Nichols. NORCROSS, Orlando W., of Norcross Broth- ers, building contractors. Worcester, is a native of Maine, born in Clinton, October 25, 1839, younger son of Jesse and Margaret (Whitney) Norcross. When two years old, his parents moved to Salem, Mass. He was educated in the schools of Salem. He learned the carpenters' trade, and came naturally by his calling, his father, Jesse S. Norcross, having been a man of unusual ability, whose chief business had been setting up saw-mills in the woods of Maine. In 1864, after his return from the war, he started, with his brother, James A. Norcross, business in Swampscott, as Norcross Brothers, carpenters and builders. The beginning was modest, with little promise of speedy expansion. Two years later, however, they were given the contract to build the Congregational church in Leicester : and in 1867 they found their opportunity in Worcester, which had entered upon a stage of e.xtensive improve- ments. From that time their progress was rapid, and their work became of the first importance. Within the three years 1868-70 they built the Crompton Block on Exchange Street, the First Universalist Church, and the Worcester High School building, and had begun operations in Springfield, building there the South Congrega- tional Church. In 1872 the\' took the contract for building the Hampden County Court House, Springfield; and in 1873 began Trinity Church in Boston, the masterpiece of Richardson, subse- quently executing other notable work of Richard- son's design. In the period between 1873 and 1879 they built the Norwich Congregational church ; the beautiful All Saints' Church, Worces- ter ; the Cheney Block, Hartford; the Latin and English High School buildings, Boston ; the Gym- nasium and Sever Hall, Harvard College ; the Woburn Library ; the Ames Library, North Easton, and the North Easton Town Hall ; Trinity Church parsonage, Boston ; and the Newport villa of 532 MEN OF PROGRESS. Mrs. Annie W. Shernuui. During llie eigiities they e.xtended their operations to more distant places, building the Albany City Hall ; the Alle- gheny County Court House and Jail, Pittsburg; the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce ; the How- ard Memorial Library, New Orleans ; the Turner Building. St. Louis, Mo. ; the Marshall Field Building, Chicago ; the New York Life Insurance Building, Omaha. Neb. : the New York Life Insur- ance Company Building, Kansas City, Mo. ; the Lionberger Building, St. Louis, Mo. ; the Presby- terian church, Albany; Lawrenceville School Building, New Jersey; and the Crouse Memorial O. W. NORCROSS. College, Syracuse, N.Y. Within the same period they built in New England the Memorial Building, Yale College ; the Harvard College Law School building; a Vermont University building ; the I)ur- fee High School building. Fall River ; the Crane Memorial Hall, Quincy ; and the Maiden Library ; the P'iske Building, the State Street Exchange, and other business structures in Boston ; the First Spiritual Temple; the Boston Art and Algonquin Club houses ; the Burnside Building, Worcester ; the Framingham and Springfield stations on the Boston & Albany Railroad ; and the Hartford (Conn.) station of the New York, New Haven & Hartford line ; in New York citv, the Union League Club House, the Union Theological Seminary, St. James Episcopal Church, and Holy Trinity Church ; Grace Church, New Bedford ; Newton Baptist church ; and numerous costly private residences in various cities. Their work of later years includes the tall Ames Building, Washington and Court .Streets, Boston, and the Boston Chamber of Commerce. They also built the Ames Memorial Monument at Sher- man, Wyoming Territory, on the highest ele- vation of the Rocky Mountains crossed by the Union Pacific Railroad ; and the soldiers' monu- ment at West Point. They have now extensive wood and iron working shops in Worcester, and large stone-working plants in Boston and in Cleve- land, Ohio ; and own granite, sandstone, and marble quarries. Mr. Norcross served in the Civil War three years, enlisting in the Fourteenth Massachusetts Infantry, which became the Mas- sachusetts Heavy Artillery. As a resident of Worcester, he has taken an active interest in local afl:airs ; and he is an earnest supporter of the tem- perance cause. In 1875 ^e was a member of the commission of experts appointed to investigate the condition of the Federal Building in Chicago, whose findings were all sustained by subsequent events. Mr. Norcross was married in May, 1870, to Ellen P. Sibley, of Salem. They have had two sons and three daughters, the daughters only now living. OLMSTED, John, of Springfield, manufacturer, president of street railways, and concerned in numerous other business interests, was born in Enfield, Conn., June i, 1820. That John Olm- sted at seventv-four years of age is a foremost factor in the life of Springfield, respected for what he is and has done, is a statement which he would decline to father. It comes by authority of the Springfield Republican, speaking for the com- munity where he has lived since i860. He was born of good New England stock, his father being George Olmsted, a farmer, and his mother the daughter of Ensign Russell, who had been a Revolutionary soldier. The lad, thoughtful and self-respecting by nature, went to the local school, and then attended the Wilbraham and W'estfield academies. He wished to go to college, but the way was not open except by mortgaging his fut- ure, and this he did not feel justified in doing. So he took up the business of life with a very good equipment, for those old rural academies did MEN OF PROGRESS. much for thfir pupils; and ever .since Mr. ( >hu- sted has read books much, and studied men and affairs more. Stril;ing out for himself, at twenty j-ears of age he became a manufacturer of tin- ware and dealer in paper stock. His talent for business was so obvious that the local magnates, like the late Colonel Hazard, encouraged and gave him advice, which he put to good use, for the old and honorable principles governing trade are good always. In 1854 his health gave out and he sold his business, and retired to a farm in Somers. Outdoor life brought back his vigor, and he moved to Springfield six years later. Mr. Olmsted's JOHN OLMSTED. early interest in public affairs appears in the fact that he took the New York Tribiiih- and the Springfield Daily Repuhliian from tlicir first issues, — the one established in 1S41 and the other in 1S44, — and that he embarked in the anti- slaxerv movement in boyhood. He attended every anti-slavery State convention held in Con- necticut before his removal to Massachusetts. and knew to a man the faithful three hundred of that State who always turned out at these annual rallies ; and we may well believe that they were "a mighty respectable body of men." He came to know Lovejoy and Giddings well, saw them in their homes, and threw himself without reserva- tion into the battle for freedom. After Lincoln's nomination Mr. Olmsted chanced to be in Spring- field, 111., and so came to know and measure and early cast in his lot with the man who was to con- summate that splendid contest. Mr. Olmsted's first venture in Springfield was in the cotton waste and paper stock business with the late Lewis H. Taylor. They also manufactured cot- ton batting on Mill River, and twines in West- field. Mr. Taylor retired in i866, and for four- teen 3'ears Mr. Olmsted conducted the paper stock and cotton waste business alone. Then a partnership was formed with Frank E. Tuttle under the name of Olmsted & Tuttle. Some half dozen years ago the business was removed to Chicopee, reorganized on a stock company basis, and it is a very prosperous concern. Meantime Mr. Olmsted's business investments and relation- ships have been steadily enlarged during the thirty-four years, until they branch out widely into the local life. To the steady success of his pri- vate business life is added a distinction of wider scope in the thoroughly sound way in which he has built up Springfield's street railway system. The statement that he has given the city a model system is proved by the fact that it is so regarded by experts in street railway matters, and visited as such by delegations from cities all over the United States. He took charge of a small, unprofitable, and poorly managed company, and has made it such an adequate servant of the people as speed- ily commanded popular confidence and favor. Its patronage is phenomenal, its electric equip- ment thoroughly good, and its lines have been extended to Chicopee, West Springfield, and Indian Orchard, with other extensions and im- provements planned to the extent of an expendi- ture of 55200,000. At no time has Mr. Olmsted owned a controlling interest in the company, or cared to ; and he has rejected all propositions looking to outside syndicate ownership which would have had no care for the local service. He has had genuine pride in doing the best possi- ble thing for the company and the people, holding that the interests of both are one. The success and soliditv of his method has led Northampton and Holyoke people to seek his aid, and he now (1894) has the practical oversight of the street railway companies in both these cities. His fair- mindedness, close knowledge of matters under his care, tact, power of clear statement, and reason- able disposition, make him almost a model advo- 334 MEN OF PROGRESS. cate when questions of railway francliises come before the city government of these places. The comforts of home have always outweighed in Mr. Olmsted's mind the attractions of public life. He has served for two terms in the Common Council, four terms an alderman, and was a member of the House of Representatives in 1883. It is an open secret that he could have been mayor, had he so desired. All his life Mr. Olmsted has been a good citizen and a contributor to the common welfare. It is owing to his efforts in raising the funds that .Springfield has her unique and beauti- ful .\rt Building, to which Mr. Olmsted was also one of the large contributors. It is a part of his philosophy that those who have been prospered in fair dealing owe something to their fellows and the community, and he has been and is paying the debt in quiet and effective ways not to be cat- alogued. Mr. Olmsted is president of the Spring- field Street Railway Company and the North- ampton Street Railway Company: of the First National Bank of Springfield, and of the Olmsted & Tuttle Company; vice-president and director of the City Library Association ; director of the United Electric Light Company, the Indian Or- chard Company, the Holyoke Street Railway Company, the Oak Grove Cemetery Association, the Metallic Roll Company of Indian Orchard, and the Western Massachusetts Mutual Insurance Company ; and trustee of the Hampden Savings Bank. Mr. Olmsted was married in 1842 to Rhodelia E. Langdon, of Somers, Conn. ; and their union was an ideally happy one until Mrs. Olmsted's death, September 29, 189 1. Two of their children are living: Mrs. Henry J. Beebe and Mrs. Frank H. Goldthwait, both of Spring- field. ^ PARKER, Henry Langdon, of Worcester, member of the bar, is a native of Acton, born October 7, 1833, son of Asa and Margaret Ann (McCoristone) Parker. He was educated in the Lawrence Academy, Groton, and at Dartmouth, graduating in the class of 1856 ; and prepared for the law in Milford and in Worcester. Admitted to the bar in i860, he began practice at Hopkin- ton. Five years after he moved to Worcester, where he has since been established. From 1862 to 1865 he was trial justice in Middlesex County. Since early in the eighties he has been prominent in municipal and State matters, his public service beginning on the School Board of Worcester, of which he was a member for si.\ years, from 18S2 to 1888. In 1885 he was elected a Worcester representative in the lower house of the Legis- HENRY L. PARKER. lature for 1886, and returned the next year: and in 1889 and 1890 was a senator for the First Worcester District: in 1893 was chairman of the committee to revise the city charter of Worces- ter ; and is now one of the Trustees of Public Reservations for the preservation of places of beauty and historic interest in the Commonwealth. When in the General Court, he served on leading committees, and had a prominent part in legisla- tive work. During his second term in the House he was chairman of the committee on probate and insolvency; in his first term in the Senate was chairman of the committee on public service, and in his second term chairman of the committees on the judiciary, on rules, and on election laws. In politics he is a Republican, and in religion an Episcopalian, — w-arden of St. Matthew's Church of Worcester for several years from 1872, and since 1889 warden of St. Mark's Church. He is much interested in horticulture, and has been president of the Worcester County Horticultural Society from 1889 to the present time. Mr. Parker was married on the first of January, 1861. He has had three sons and tw-o daughters : Henry L.. Jr. MEN OF PROGRESS. 335 (graduate of Dartmoutli in 1885, now a lawj-er), George C. (also a graduate of Dartmouth in 1887, died June 15, 1889), Grace A., Herbert I., and Gertrude M. Parker. L'ARKKR, Hkrkert, of Lancaster, member of the bar, was born in Charlestown, March 2, 1856, son of George A. and Harriet N. (Felton) Parker. His father was a civil engineer who, during the latter years of his life, lived in Lancaster ; and his mother is a sister of the late President C C. Felton of Harvard University. His early educa- tion was acquired at private schools in Philadel- phia and with tutors. He entered Harvard with the class graduating in 1878, but was obliged to leave in the senior year on account of ill-health, and has never taken a degree. He read law in Worcester in the office of the Hon. Messrs. George F. Hoar and Thomas L. Nelson, and was admitted to the Worcester County bar in 1883. After his admission he was at \^'ashington for one session of Congress as private secretary to Senator Hoar, and clerk on the committee on privileges and elec- HERBERT PARKER. tions. On his return to Massachusetts he opened an office in Worcester and then in Clinton, where ship with the Hon. John W. Corcoran, which con- tinued till the latter's removal to Boston in 189 1. i'hereafter, in 1892, he became junior partner in the law firm of Xorcross, Baker, & Parker at Fitchburg, which relation continued till January, 1894, when he retired, and opened an office in Worcester, where he has since been in practice. In 1886 he was appointed assistant district at- torney for the Middle District of Massachusetts, which office he still holds. He also held until his resignation in 1894 the office of special justice of the Second District Court of Eastern Worcester. He is now a member of the board of examiners for admission to the bar, treasurer of the Law Li- brary Association of W'orcester County, and sec- retary of the .Association of District Attorneys of the Commonwealth. In politics he is a Repub- lican, and has always voted that ticket, except in 1884, when he voted for the Cleveland presiden- tial electors. He served many years on the Re- publican town committee of Lancaster ; in the years 1892-93 was a member of the Republican State Committee, and from time to time has served on Republican congressional, senatorial, county, and representative district committees. He was a member of the School Committee of Lan- caster for four years, and for many years he has been one of the trustees of the Public Library of that town. He has been a member of the Hasty Pudding Club of Harvard, the Puritan of Boston, the Quinsigamond Boat and the \\'orcester clubs of W'orcester, and the Athletic .Association of Clinton. Mr. Parker was married at Lowell, Sep- tember 22, 1886, to IMiss Mary Carney Vose. They have had three children: George A. (born at Lancaster, October 8, 1887), Katherine Vose (born at Lancaster, November 16, 1888), and Edith Parker (born at Lancaster, September 26, 1893)- P.\RSONS, Ch.^rles Heni<\', of Springfield, real estate dealer, was born in Springfield, June 18, 1864, son of William H. and Sarah A. (Wood) Parsons. He is descended from "Cornet" Jo- seph Parsons, who was one of the original settlers of Springfield, and whose name appears on the deed of Springfield from the Indians. He was educated in the public schools of Springfield, grad- uating from the High School. He began to build houses for his father at the age of seventeen, and a year or two later started in to buy and sell real in a short time (in 1885) he formed a copartner- estate on his own account. By learning the car- 336 MEN OF PROGRESS. penter's trade, and acquiring by study at odd times a fair i H. FAIRBANK. (ieorge R. R. Rivers, of Milton. .She has two children : Robert W. (born August 13, 1882) and Harry F. Rivers (born August 17, 1883). 386 MEN OF PROGRESS. FAVKRWEATHER, John Appletox, of \\est- borough, banker, is a native of Westborough, born March 12, 1808, son of John and Sally (VVheelock I has been president of the \\'orcester County Agri- cnltural Society for one term, and a trustee for thirty-five or forty years. He is a trustee also of the Westborough Reform School. In politics he is Republican. He was married December, 1831, to Miss Sarah Augusta Tyler, of Boston. They have one son and one daughter : John Appleton and Sarah Wheelock Faverweather. --W FRENX'H, Charles Ephraim, M.D., of Law- rence, was born in Berkley, September 4, 1867, son of Captain Oliver E. and Harriet N. (Porter) French. His great-grandfather, Charles French, was a sea captain, his grandfather, Ephraim French, a merchant, and his maternal grandfather, Philip Porter, a mechanic. They were all men of honor and lo\e for truth. His early education was attained in the public schools of his native town and at Newport, R.I. A scientific training followed, in New York City, with several years' study with a private tutor ; then the college train- ing at the University of the City of New York, and study for his profession at the University of J. A. FAVERWEATHER. Fayerweather. The family was originally of Cam- bridge, and through the Fayerweather homestead the present F'ayerweather and Appleton Streets now run. His early education was acquired in a private school, and he was graduated from Brown University in the class of 1826. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm. Later he entered mercantile life, in which he continued for many years : from 1824 to 1858 a merchant in Westborough, and from 1858 to 1863 m the whole- sale grocery business in Boston. He has been president of the Westborough National Bank from its foundation in 1864, and a trustee of the West- borough Savings Bank from its formation in 1870. In town affairs he has long been prominent. He was a selectman of the town for many years, an assessor for three years, and an overseer of the poor for many years. In 1866 he represented his district in the House of Representatives. He has been always one of the very energetic men of West- borough, active especially in benevolent work ; a strong supporter of the Congregational Church, of which he is a member, and one whose judgment and ad\ice are sought for and relied upon. He CHAftLES E. FRENCH. Maryland at Baltimore, where he received the degree of M.I), in April, 1893. Subsequently he acquired some experience in pharmacy, and pur- MEN OF PROGRESS. 387 sued special sUulies in the llcilL-vue, New York, the State Militia, serving as t'lrst lieutenant of and Maryland. Baltimore, hospitals. He began Company I, F.ighth Regiment, from that year to practice in Boston July, 1893, but after a few 1874; then as adjutant of the same regiment, months was called away from his work by a long 1874-75 : as major Seventh Battalion, 1876-77- illness in his family, and was unable to return to 78 ; adjutant again of the Eighth Regiment, 1879- it till the summer of 1S94. Then he established S0-81: and assistant adjutant-general of the Sec- himself in Lawrence. He is unmarried. CHAS. C. FRY. FRY, Ch.\rles Coffin, of Lynn, treasurer of the Lynn Gas and Electric Company, is a native of Lynn, born May 31, 1842, son of Homer and Patience (Boyce) Fry. His parents and grand- parents on both sides were Quakers. His father was born in Bolton, and his mother in Lynn. His education was acquired in the common and high schools of Lynn. He began active life in the shoe business, and was concerned in it for a num- ber of years. Subsequently he became connected with the Lynn Gas I-ight Company ; and since 1880 he has occupied the position of treasurer of that company, and of the Lynn Gas and Electric Company succeeding it. He was auditor of the city of Lynn in 1876, and city marshal in 1877 and 1878. During part of the Civil War, in 1862 and 1863, he served in the Eighth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, as private and cor- poral. Since 1865 he has been prominent in ond Brigade from 1882 to date. He is also a prominent Mason, having held the positions of master of Mt. Carmel Lodge in 1876-77, eminent commander of Olivet Commandery in 1882-83, and right eminent grand commander of the grand commander)' of Knights Templar of Massachu- setts and Rhode Island in 189^ and 1894. He is a member of Mt. Carmel Lodge, Sutton Chap- ter, Olivet Commandery, Lafayette Lodge of Per- fection, Giles F". Yates Council, Princes of Jerusa- lem, Mt. Olivet Chapter, Rose Croi.x, Massachu- setts Consistory, and .Meppo Temple. He be- longs to the Grand Army of the Republic, member of General Lander Post, No. 5. His club asso- ciations are with the Park and O.xford clubs of Lynn. Of the former he has been president since 1892. In politics he is a Republican. He is unmarried. CHAS. J. GLIDDEN. GLIDDEN, Ch.\rli:s J.aspkr, of Lowell, con- nected with telephone interests, is a native of Lowell, born August 29, 1857, son of Nathaniel 388 MEN OF PROGRESS. A. and Laura l'',llen ( Clark i Gliddcn. His educa- tion was attained in the Lowell public schools. He began active life as a telegraph messenger in 1872 in Lowell, and at the age of sixteen was appointed manager of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company's office at Manchester, N.H. This position he held for about four years, 1873- 77, during that time also servmg as a correspond- ent of the Boston Globe. In the fall of 1877 he became treasurer of the Lowell District Telephone system and of the syndicate that purchased nearly all telephone properties in New England and in si.\ Western States. In 1883 he was made secre- tary of the New England Telephone and Tele- graph Company ; and the same year was one of the organizers of the Erie Telegraph and Tele- phone Company, and elected treasurer, which lat- ter position he has since held. He has been president of the Traders' National Bank of Lowell since its organization on the ist of July, 1892. Mr. Glidden has held no public office, having no desire for political fame. He was married July 10, 1878, to Miss Lucy Emma Cleworth, of Man- chester, N. H. Fruit I'arni, of which he is now proprietor, often e.xhibiting several hundred varieties of fruit at local fairs. He has been prominent in town GREEN, George Hexrv B.vrtlett, of Bel- chertown. farmer, making fruit-raising a specialty, was born in Southampton, December 15, 1845, son of Frank and Sarah Young (Bennett) Bartlett. He was but two years old when his father died, at the age of twenty-two ; and his mother died in Ludlow ten years later. When he was four years old, he was taken to live with an uncle, Reuben Green, in Belchertown, on the farm which he now occupies ; and, though never adopted, the name of "Green" was affixed to his own, and he has always retained it. His educational advantages were limited during his minority to the district school, which he attended twenty weeks each year until he was nine years old, and after that but twelve weeks a year ; but, by the use of midnight oil, he was enabled to keep abreast of many whose school privileges were less limited. After reaching his majority, he took one term with a local teacher of note and one term at Wesleyan .Vcademy, W'ilbraham, since which time he taught every winter, excepting two, until he went to the State Legislature in 1S92, while teaching, im- proving numerous opportunities for study. He also did some writing for local newspapers. When out of school, he has managed the Rock Rimmon GEO. H. B. GREEN. affairs since the seventies. In 1876 he was elected to the School Committee, and has been a member of the board ever since, with the excep- tion of the years 1886 and 1887. He was a mem- ber of the Board of Assessors from 1884 to 1891 inclusive, and moderator of town meetings in 1893 and 1894. His service in the Legislature has covered three years, — one term in the House (1892) and two in the Senate (1893-94). When a member of the lower branch, he was on the com- mittee on labor, libraries, and education, chair- man of the first two in 1894; and in the Senate served as chairman of the committee on printing and member of the committees on labor and pub- lic health. In politics he is a Republican. He was married May 4, 1869, to Miss Nancy Howe Sanford, of Belchertown. Their children are : Iva Louise, Carleton DeWitt, Susan Dwight, Sarah Sanford, Harriet Sophia, Elsa Rachel, Clayton Reuben, and George Henry Bartlett Green, Jr. HALL, Eben .\llen, of Greenfield, editor and proprietor of the Gazittc ami Courier, is a native MEN OF PROGRESS. 3'^9 of 'I'auiilon, l)()rn December 20, 1839, son of Rufus and Lydia W. (Tobey) Hall. Me is in line of descent sixth generation from George Hall, who came from England in 1636-37, and was one of the original proprietors and a ftmnder of the town of Taunton in 1639. He was educated in the 'J'aunton public schools. Early giving evidence of a natural taste for the printer's art and the publishing business, he entered the office of the Bristol County A' (■//t/i/zur// in Taunton when seven- teen years of age, and there learned his trade. In the second year of the t'i\il War he left his place, and joined the Union Army. Enlisting in Company E, Thirt\-ninth Regiment, commanded by Colonel P. .Stearns Davis, in August, 1862, he served until discharged at the close of the war in June, 1865, ranking as sergeant. He participated in many of the principal battles of the .Vrmy of the Potomac, — the \\'iklerness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Pethesda Church, Cold Harbor, the siege of Petersburg, — was captured at Hatcher's Run in February, 1865, and confined in Libby Prison; but, soon paroled and e.xchanged. joined the regi- ment soon after Lee's surrender. ITpon his dis- ington, took charge of the ]5aper. Desiring to enlarge his sphere of work, he went to Greenfield in 1866, and made an engagement with the Gazette and Courier, then owned by S. S. East- man & Co. Three years later. u]X)n the death of Colonel .Ansel Phelps, one of the partners, he bought a third interest in the paper; and in 1876 he became sole proprietor, and has been the owner and publisher since. In his conduct of the Gazette, as has been well said by one of his ablest contemporaries, he has kept '' the old ideals un- tarnished." He has given it character, and has made it "a model of what a country newspaper ought to be." Mr. Hall has served one term in the Legislature (1879), representing the First Franklin representati\'e District ; and he was a member of the Executive Council with Governor Butler in 1883, and with Governor Robinson in 1S84. His politics are Republican. He is a di- rector of the Franklin County National Bank and a trustee of the Greenfield .Savings Bank in Greenfield, a vice-president of the Massachusetts Press Association, a member of the council of ad- ministration of the Massachusetts Department of the Grand Army of the Republic, and a member of the Greenfield Club. He was married June 2, 1 86 1, to Miss Bashie L. Tisdale, of Taunton. They have had four children : Jessie Allen (who married Frederick L. Greene), Albert Tisdale, Nina Elliot, and Agnes Lincoln Hall (deceased). HANSCOM, San'FOrd, M.D., of Somerville, is a native of Maine, born in Albion, January 28, 1841, son of James and Mary (Frost) Hanscom. He was prepared for college at the \\'aterville (Maine) Classical Institute, and entered Colby University in 1863, but left college in his sopho- more year to enter the army for service in the Civil War. Subsequently, however, in 1885, his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of A.M. He went to the front as first lieutenant of the Eighth unassigned company of Maine ^'olunteers, which, when ready for service, was assigned to the Eleventh Maine Infantry, then in the Twenty- fourth Army Corps, Army of the James. Soon after this assignment he was commissioned adju- tant of the regiment. It was in active service around Richmond and I'etersburg in the spring of charge from the service he returned to the Pristol 1S65, until the surrender of those cities; and its County Kepiildieaii office, and for a few months, last engagement was at Appomatto.x Court-house while the editor \vas serving a clerkship in Wash- the morning of the day of General Lee's surrender. EBEN A. HALL. 590 MEN OF PROGRESS. AftL-r ills return from tht; army he entered the Harvard Medical School, from which he gradu- ated in 1868, and began practice in the spring of i86g, established in Somerville, where he has since resided. He has been interested in edu- cational matters, serving as a member of the Somerville School Committee for the past four- teen years. He was also for six years a trustee of the Somerville Public Library. For a period of ten years he has been State medical examiner for the Royal Arcanum in Massachusetts. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety and a former member of the Boston Gyne- SANFORD HANSCOM. belongs to the CJrand cological Society. He Army of the Republic and the Massachusetts Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and is a Freemason, member of the Soley Lodge. He was married October 26, 1874. to Miss Beulah A. Hill, daughter of Cyrus and Cynthia (Morse) Hill. They have one daughter : Aline Louisa Hanscom. HARRIS, Robert Orr, of East Bridgewater, district attorney for the South-eastern District, was born in Boston, November 8, 1854, son of the Hon. Benjamin \V. and Julia A. (Orr) Harris. ( Ml tlie paternal side he is a lineal descendant of Arthur Harris, who came to this country from England in 1640, settled first in Duxbury, after- ward was one of the original purchasers and pro- prietors of Bridgewater, under what was called the "Duxbury Purchase," and moved to that part of Bridgewater now East Bridgewater. On the maternal side he descended from the Hon. Hugh Orr, who came from Scotland in 1730, settled first in Easton, and then removed to Bridgewater, — a leading man of his time, and the first man in this country to manufacture cotton spinning machinery. His ancestors on both sides have been identified always with the best life of the community, and actively interested in all matters looking toward progress. His father was district attorney for the South-eastern District from 1858 to 1865 ; after- ward member of Congress from the Second (now the Twelfth) District, from 1872 to 1882; and is now judge of probate and insolvency, Plymouth County. His mother died October 5, 1872. Robert O. received his primary education in the public schools of East Bridgewater and in the Dwight School in Boston. In 1865 the family moved to Dorchester, and lived tiiere until 1872, during which time he attended the Boston Latin and Chauncy Hall schools. In 1872 he went to Phillips (Exeter) Academy, from which lie entered Harvard in June, 1873. Immediately after his graduation, in 1877, he began the study of law in the office of his father's firm, Harris & Tucker, taking also special courses in the Boston Univer- sity Law School. He was admitted to the bar at Plymouth, March 4, 1879. He practised in Brockton with Judge W. A. Reed, under the firm name of Reed & Harris, until his father retired from Congress in March, 1883, when he became a member of the firm of Harris & Tucker. ITpon the appointment of his father as judge of probate, he began practice on his separate account, and has since practised alone. As district attorney, it fell to his lot to be the first affected by the change in the law in regard to the trial of capital causes, and to have to try two murder cases in his first year without the assistance and counsel of the attorney-general. The district which he now serves is the same served by his father from 1S58 to 1865. As a lawyer, he is considered a sound and safe adviser, and, as a trial lawyer, has an excellent reputation. In trial he is cool and ready, and is very effective with his juries. Mr. Harris has always been interested and active in public MEN OF PROGRESS. 391 affairs in iiis town, and lias served for a number of years on the School Committee, of which he is still a member. He was a member of tlie Legis- f4is mother died when he was a child of two years, and he was but seven years old when his father died. Then he was put out to live with one Timothy Work, and remained on the latter's farm till he was nearly twenty-one years old, re- ceiving when he left, as full compensation for his labors, a cheap suit of clothes. His schooling was confined to a few months each year, when there was no farm work to be done, in the village school, during his early boyhood. His first em- ployment after he left Timothy Work was on an- other farm at twelve dollars and a half a month. Then he learned the trade of filing and finishing augers and bits ; but, as this proved detrimental to his health, after working at it about two vears. lie abandoned it, and learned the trade of bottom- ing shoes, which he followed, in connection with farming, for upwards of a quarter of a century. In the panic of 1837 he lost six hundred dollars of the few hundred he had managed to save from his earnings at his trade and at farming. There- after he worked out by the day on farms until the summer of iiS38, when he engaged to work twenty- two acres of land on shares, he to receive one-half ROBERT O. HARRIS. lature of 1889, and made a reputation as a debater and a man of practical good sense. In politics he has always been a Republican, and for many years active in the councils of the party in his county. He has been a frequent and effective platform speaker in important campaigns, having a pleasant manner and a logical and convincing way of pre- senting his arguments. He is a member of the University Club of Boston, of the Massachusetts Republican Club, of the Odd Fellows' order, of the Knights of Honor, and of the local Social and Improvement Association. .Although quiet and domestic in his manner and tastes, fond of reading and study, spending most of his spare time in his library, he likes society, and has many warm, social friends. He was married .\pril 21, 1880, at Newport, R.I., to Miss Josephine D. Gorton. They have four children : Anne VN'inslow, Alice Orr, Elizabeth Cahoone, and Louise Chilton Harris. ERASMUS HASTON. HASTON, Erasmus, of North Brookfield, the crop. Out of this he realized about two hun- farmer, was born in Belchertown, April 18, 18 12, dred and fifty dollars for seven months' work, son of I'hilip and Rebecca (Ranger) Haston. meanwhile working at his trade through the win- 392 MEN OF PROGRESS. ter. The following spring lie purchased a farm of between three and four hundred acres in Greenwich, and, after working it some time, sold the land at an advance, and returned to his shoe work. A year or so later he purchased another farm, situated on the Spencer road in North Brookfield, known as the " Bush place '" : and this he carried on, at the same time pursuing his trade, for six years. Then he disposed of this property at a good bargain, and again turned his attention exclusively to shoe work. His next venture was on a farm of about twenty-seven acres in North Brookfield, where he now lives, which he pur- chased in 1847. (iradually the village grew up around him : and in course of time he sold the greater part of his land in lots which yielded him a competence for his declining years, and he is now one of the wealthy men of the town. Since 186 1 his main occupation has been that of a farmer, having that year retired from work in the shoe factory. He has been a good citizen, and interested in the welfare of North lirookfield. In 1892 he and his wife presented to the town the fine new granite Library Building. He was first married in 1847 to Miss Abigail Whiting of North Brookfield, who died the following year. He mar- ried second, in 1849, Miss Elvira Shedd, a na- tive of Vermont, daughter of Zachariah and Lydia (Proctor) Shedd, natives of Massachusetts and Vermont respectively. They have had two chil- dren, both of whom died in infancv. Hawkins has also held the office of city solicitor of Pittsfield since the adoption of the city form of government in January, 1891. He is interested HAWKINS. W.Ai.TER FoxcRUFT, of Pittsfield. member of the Berkshire bar, is a native of Pitts- field, born July 12, 1863, son of \\'illiam J. Hawkins, an Englishman by birth and ancestry. and Harriet E. (Foxcroft) Hawkins, daughter of George A. Foxcroft, of Boston, and Harriet E. (Goodrich) Foxcroft, a native of Pittsfield. He received a thorough education in private schools, the High School at Pittsfield, and \\'illiams Col- lege, where he was graduated in the class of 1884; and was fitted for his profession at the Columbia College Law School, New York, graduating there- from in the class of 1886. He was at once ad- mitted to the New York bar, and in October fol- lowing to the Berkshire bar. In 1888 he formed a partnership with Henry J. Ryan, a graduate of the Boston Univ'ersity Law School, under the firm name of Ryan & Hawkins, which still continues. Their practice has been a general ci\ il one. Mr. WALTER F. HAWKINS. in the Stanley Electric Manufacturing Company of Pittsfield, and is one of the directors of the corporation. In politics he is a Republican, and a member of the executive committee of the Berk- shire Republican Club. In college he was a member of the Chi Psi and the Phi Beta Kappa fraternities. Mr. Hawkins was married October 7, 1891, to Miss Helen A. Rich, of Brooklyn, N.Y. HARDEN, Joseph Orlix, of Somerville, treas- urer of Middlesex County, was born in ISlandford, Hampden County, July 8, 1847, youngest son of Elizur B. and Lucinda E. (Simmons) Hayden. \\'hen a boy, his father, who was a schoolmaster, removed to Granville, and became a farmer of comfortable means. Mr. Hayden attended the district school, and afterwards the Granville Acad- emy and the High School in Chicopee. At the age of seventeen he went West, and acted as clerk in a law. real estate, and insurance office in Minne- apolis. Minn., for two years, leaving the position to become manager and part owner of the Star, a newspaper printed in Minneapolis. Disposing of MEN OF PROGRESS. 39: ills interest in tlie concern, lie returned to the East, .ind in the autumn of 1868 became connected with a wholesale house in Boston, making his home in Somerville. After a year in this business he re- turned to newspaper work, holding the position of cashier and treasurer of the Times Publishing Company, a corporation printing the daily and Sunday Times, where he remained for seven years. In 1S76 he purchased the Somerville //•'///v/i^/, at that time a small weekly paper, and by wise busi- ness policy and careful management he has made it a leading suburban paper in Massachusetts. In 1891 the Somerville Journal Company was or- ganized, and he became manager and treasurer of it. Mr. Hayden was first elected treasurer of Mid- dlese.x County in 1885, and has since held the position through repeated re-elections. In Somer- ville he has held manv offices of responsibility and trust. In 1882 he became president of the Somer- ville Mystic Water Board, serving in that position until 1890 : and to his energy and persistence is largel)' due the introduction of the high service system which the city now enjoys. When the -Somerville Improvement -Society was formed, he J. O. HAYDEN. was chosen president of that organization. Dur- ing his term of office the association placed me- morial tablets upon historic spots within the city limits. He is now president of the Somerville National Bank, a trustee of the Somerville Sav- ings Bank, and a trustee of the Somerville Hospi- tal Association. From 1886 until 189 1 he was treasurer of the Somerville Central Club, and froin 1 89 1 until 1894 was treasurer of the Subur- ban Press Association. He is now president of the latter association, and is also treasurer of the Massachusetts Republican Editorial .\ssociation. He is a member of John Abbot Lodge, Free Masons, Somerville Royal Arch Chapter, and Orient Council, R. & S. M., is secretary of the Prospect Council, .\merican Legion of Honor, and a member of the Manomet Club. He was married in 1870 to Miss Mary Elizabeth Pond, of Somerville. HIGGINS, George Cleaveland, of Lynn, con- veyancer and trustee of estates, ex-mayor of the city, was born in Orleans, November 19, 1845, son of Jonathan and Mary ( Doane) Higgins. He is of early Cape Cod stock. He was educated in the public schools of his native town. Coming to Lynn in 1862, at the age of si.xteen, he learned the trade of morocco dresser in the factory of Pevear & Co. In 1864 he enlisted in Company D, Eighth Regiment, Massachusetts \'olunteers, and went with the regiment on its third campaign in Maryland. At the end of this service he re- turned to his trade, and followed its various branches, ser\ing several years as foreman, until 1883, when he became a book-keeper and sales- man in the Boston leather house of H. A. Pe\ear iV- Sons. Here he remained until 1892, since which time he has been engaged in conveyancing, probate business, and the care of estates. His connection with municipal affairs began in the early eighties. He was a member of the Common Council in 1881-82-83, serving on important committees, including those on claims and drain- age, and was elected mayor for the term of 1888. In 1893 and 1894 he represented the Nineteenth Esse.x District in the State Legislature, serving in that body on the committees on probate and in- sohency and on rules both sessions, and as clerk of the committee on liquor law in 1894. He has served some time on the Board of Overseers of the Poor of Lynn, and was its chairman in 1893. He is in politics a stanch Republican, and has for a long period been connected with the Lynn Republican city committee. He is a member of General Lander Post, No. 5, of the (hand .Army 394 MEN OP' PROGRESS. of the Republic ; is a Royal Arch Mason, Sutton Chapter, and member of the Mt. Carmel Lodge; and an Odd l-cllow. member of the Trovidence CEO, C. HICGINS. Lodge. As a member of the Lynn Board of Trade, he is interested in numerous movements for the welfare of the city. Mr. Higgins was married on the ist of January, 1868, to Miss Ellen S. Irving, a native of Waterville, Me. They have three children: Arthur J., George Henry, and Mabel C. Higgins. HILL, Don Gleason, of Dedham, member of the bar and town clerk of Dedham, was born in Medway, July 12, 1847, son of (ieorge and Sylvia (Grout) Hill. He traces back to first settlers of Rhode Island : Thomas Angel (who came with Roger Williams), Christopher Smith, Roger Mowry, John Field, Thomas Olney, Thomas Barnes, and Nicholas Phillips : to early settlers of the Massa- chusetts Colony : Captain John Grout, Edward Dix, John Barnard, John Putnam, through Thomas and Ann (Carrj Putnam of witchcraft memory, Ed- ward Holyoke, George Carr, l'',dward Elmer, who went with the Rev. Thomas Hooker's company to settle Hartford, and James Hamlin; and to Hugh Calkins, of Gloucester, but e;irl)- in the I'hnioutli Colony. He was educated in Wilbraham Acad- emy and at Amherst College, where he spent two years in the class of 1869. Then he entered the law school of the LTniversity of Albany, from which he received his degree of LL.B. in May, 1870, and was admitted to the New York bar the same year. Returning to Medway, he read further in the office of Charles H. Deans ; and in June, 1S71, removing to Dedham, he entered the office of the late Hon. Waldo Colburn, with whom he remained until the latter was elevated to the Superior Bench (in June, 1875). He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in September, 1871. In October, 1875, he formed a law partnership with Charles A. Mackintosh, another of Judge Colburn"s students, under the firm name of Hill & Mackintosh, which continued about ten years, since which time he has practised alone, devoted mostly to probate law and conveyancing. He has been attorney for the Dedham Institution for Savings for nearly twenty years, and some time attorney for the Dedham Co-operative Bank, the Norwood Co-operative Bank, and the Braintree Savings Bank. He is also a trustee of the Ded- ham Institution for Savings and a director of the Dedham Mutual Fire Insurance Company. He has held the position of town clerk of Dedham since 1880, and has served the town in various other capacities, during several years member of the boards of selectmen, assessors, overseers of the poor and health, a trustee of the Dedham Public Library, serving as a member of book com- mittees, and a member of the committee appointed to distribute the income of the Hannah Shuttle- worth Fund for the relief of the needy poor ever since it was bequeathed to the town in 1886. He is much given to antiquarian pursuits, and has published a number of valuable volumes of ancient records, the list embracing the following: (i) " The Record of Births, Marriages, and Deaths, and Intentions of Marriage in the Town of Ded- ham, 1633-1845," pp. 286 (Dedham, 1886); (2) "The Record of Baptisms, Marriages, and Deaths, and Admissions to the Church and Dismissals therefrom, transcribed from the Church Records in the Town of Dedham, Mass., 1638-1845, with Epitaphs in the Cemeteries," pp. 347 (Dedham, 1884); (3) "The Early Records of the Town of Dedham, Mass., 1636-1659," illustrated, pp. .\vi, 237 (Dedham, 1S93); (4) "An Alphabetical Ab- stract of the Record of Births in the Town of Dedham, Mass., 1844-1890," pp. 206 (Dedham, MEN OF PROGRESS. 395 1894); (5) "Tlie Early Records of the Town of Dedhain, Mass., 1 659-1 673, with Appendi.x con- taining Transcript from the Massachusetts State .Archives," and from the General Court Records 1635-1673 and a list of Deputies to the General (.'ourt prior to 1696, pp. 304 (1894) ; (6) " An Alphabetical Abstract of the Record of Deaths in the Town of Dedham, Mass., 1844-1890," 217 pp. (1895). Mr. Hill's careful and accurate work in these transcripts of records hitherto inaccessible to most investigators, to which he has added admirable introductions and indices, has been warmly connnended, especially by historical and literary periodicals, which have given them exten- sive review. Special reference has also been made to his work in the report of the Massa- chusetts State commissioner on public records of parishes, towns, and counties. Mr. Hill is now president of the Dedham Historical Society and member of the council of the New England His- toric Genealogical Society, member of the Ameri- can Historical Association, and corresponding member of the Worcester Society of Antiquity and of the \^'estern Reserve Historical Society. to Miss Carrie Louisa Luce, of Dedham. They have six children : Carrie Frances, Helen Florence, Don Gleason, Jr., Maria Louisa, Alice Laura, and Geor£;e Hill. DON GLEASON HILL. He received the honorary degree of A.^L from .\mherst College in 1894. In politics he is a Democrat. He was married in December, 1876, HILL, AViLLLAM, of Easthampton, proprietor of Hill's ALansion House, was born in Charlton, Worcester County, June 12, 1821, son of Hanson and Polly (Clemans) Hill. At the age of seven he was bound out to a Connecticut farmer for seven years, the conditions being his board and clothes with twenty-five cents in money per year. He had little regular schooling, and acquired his education through observation, experience, and reading after reaching manhood. From the age of fourteen to eighteen he worked in a boarding- house, and learned to cook. Then he started out to look for a better place, and secured a position as cook at the hotel in East Douglas. At this trade he worked for a year. His next experience was as a clerk in a country store at Webster for two years. From here he went into a large boarding-house, where he was employed a number of years. In 1852 he made his first venture in the hotel business, leasing the Nonotuck Hotel in Northampton for a year. At the end of the lease he retired, and became agent at the railroad station. In 1859 he made his second venture, leasing the famous old Mansion House in Northampton, which dated from 1827 and stood where the Catholic church now- stands ; and since that time with the exception of a few months he has been continu- ously in hotel life. He kept the Mansion House for ten years, which period he recalls as the most interesting in his long career. The Supreme Court then held about three sessions each year in Northampton, and at his house the judges and many distinguished men of the bar stopped. Among his guests were numbered Chief Justice Bigelow, E. Rockwood Hoar, Dewey, Chapman, Charles Allen, Rockwell, Vose, Devens ; Governors Andrew, Bullock, and Clafiin, and Thomas Tal- bot, who afterwards became governor ; Presidents llarnard of Columbia College and Strong of Princeton ; Professors Peirce and Agassiz of Har- vard and Loomis of Yale ; Martin \'an Buren, Theodore Parker, Henry Ward Beecher, and many others of like prominence and fame. From North- ampton Mr. Hill went to Easthampton, in April, 1870, and took the direction of the hotel, since known as Hill's Mansion House. Here he was established till 1886, taking at the same time an 596 MEN OF PROGRESS. active and inriuenlial part as a citizen in town affairs. He was president of tiie Village Improve- ment Societ)- for twelve years, was moderator of town meetings for nine years, a justice of the peace by appointment of Governor Rice. He also kept other hotels in other places during part of this period : the Creighton House in Boston four years, the Hotel Warwick in Springfield two years, the Strickland House, New Britain, Conn., one year. Subsequently he built the Norwood Hotel in Northampton, and kept it four months, then sold out to Henry F. Barnard, and built the new hotel for Dwight L. Moodv at Northfield, WILLIAM HILL. which he kept for a year. In iSS6 he leased the Plympton Hotel property at Watch Hill, R.I., and remodelled the three houses there, the Plympton. Bay ^'iew, and 1 )ickens. into one large establish- ment, which, as the Plympton Hotel and Annexes, he is now conducting in connection with the Hill lyfansion House at Easthampton. to which he re- turned in October, 1893. Mr. Hill has success- fully solved the problem of how to run a country hotel without a bar, and prosper. From 1870 to 1886 he had in his Hill's Afansion House more than one thousand Williston Seminary students; and he has probably furnished more class suppers than any other hotel man in New England, but nc\er with a drop of wine on the table. He has never used tobacco, or been before or behind any bar to drink a glass of into.xicating liquor. He has been a pronounced Prohibitionist from Dr. Jewett's day. and has lost some trade and suffered some persecution on account of his principles. At one time, while landlord of the Mansion House at Northampton, upw^ards of a hundred trees on his estate were girdled and ruined by some person or persons incited to this wanton act by his efforts to break up the illegal sale of liquor in the town. But in the long run he has prospered, and made his hotels popular. At Easthampton one of his most interesting experiences was the entertain- ment of Henry Ward Beecher and the hitter's large party of supporting friends on the occasion of his notable vacation trip after the close of his great trial in 1875. In politics Mr. Hill has always been a Republican. He was married in 1845 to Miss Clarissa M. Richards, of Springfield. They have had six children : ^^■illiam R., Charles H.. Clara M., Charles F., Thomas R., and Willie Hill, of whom only Thomas R. is now livuig. HILTON, George Whitkfiei.d, M.I)., of Low- ell, is a native of Maine, born in South Parsons- field, York County, August 9, 1839, son of George and Abigail (Ricker) Hilton. He is of English ancestry on both sides. He was reared on a farm, and educated in the common schools and local academy. Soon after the outbreak of the Civil War, in August, 1861, he enlisted in the Eighth Maine Reghnent of infantry for the term of three years. For two years he was on detached service as acting hospital steward in the United States general hospital at Beaufort, S.C.; also on the Cnited States hospital boat, the steamer "Ma- tilda," stationed at Bermuda Hundred on the James River, receiving the sick and wounded from the front and transferring them to Fort Mon- roe. His duties here were to prepare the medi- cines prescribed by the surgeon in charge, assist in surgical operations, and to see that the sick and wounded were properly cared for. He was mus- tered out, September, 1864, at the close of his term. Soon after he received from the Secretary of War the appointment of hospital steward in the United States regular army, but declined to serve. It was while in the army hospital service that he laid the foundation for his medical edu- cation ; and after his return to civil life he further MEN OF PROGRESS. 597 pursued his studies, hut wns ohlified to defer entering college b)' hick of means. In October. 1869, he moved with his family to Chicago, HI., and in 1S75 was enabled to enter the Hahnemann Medical (rdlege. Graduating in February, 1S77, he immediately began the practice of his profes- sion in Chicago, where he remained till Xovember. 188 1, when he returned East, and established himself in Lowell. In January, iSgi, while en- gaged in practice there, he first announced to the public his discovery of the remedy widely known as Dr. Hilton's Specific, No. 3, which has made him famous. He is a member of Ladd and Whit- C. W. HILTON. ney Post, No. 185, Grand Army of the Republic; of the Oberlin Lodge, Order of Odd Fellows. No. 28 ; and of the Country and Highland clubs of Lowell. He was married December 3, 1865, to Miss Mary E. McCammon, daughter of David and \\lnnefred (Smith) McCammon, of Plymouth. They ha\e three children: Jennie (now Mrs. C. F. Haniblett. of Lowell), Grace, and Maud Hilton. HODGES, William Alle.v. of (^ui""^}'- mayor of the city 1894, is a native of Petersham, born May 15, 1834, son of Jerry and Mary Simpkins (Tucker) Hodges. On both sides he descends from old I'lymouth County families. His paternal ancestor, William Hodges, settled in what is now Taunton about the year 1 640, and died there April 2, 1654. He was a land proprietor, and prominent in local affairs. Hi.s two sons, John and Henry, were also identified with Taunton, and are mentioned as proprietors of land there in 1675. John married Elizabeth Macv in 1672; and of their numerous children John, the eldest, born in 1673, became a resident of Norton. His son Fxlmund had thirteen children, and li\ed all his life in Norton. Edmund's son, Tisdale, born in 1753, was a captain of troopers. He married Naomi Hodges, daughter of Captain Joseph Hodges, of Norton, who was killed in an Indian fight near Fort Schuyler in the French War. During his latter years he moved to Petersham. He had seven sons, all of whom were given an education above the average of those days, several of them being sent to college. His son Jerry, the father of William A. Hodges, was born in Norton in 1787. received an excellent education, and was fitted for the medical profession. He held a com- mission some time as surgeon's mate in the United States army, and was recognized as a man of marked ability. He died in 1858. William .\. Hodges' paternal great-grandfather, Samuel Tucker, was one of the first settlers of Milton. Mr. Hodges was the tenth in a family of eleven children. He was educated in the common schools of Petersham and at Milton Academy. At the age of fourteen he started out for himself, and, after some time spent at work in Boston, be- came an apprentice in Milton, serving three years at the trade of a baker. Thereafter he worked as journevman in Milton. Roxbury, and other places until 1858, when he went to California. He re- mained two years on the Pacific coast, engaged in mining and also working at his trade, and then returned to Massachusetts and to the shop of one of his former employers in Roxbury. Two years later he journeyed West in search of a promising place in which to locate. .After spending five months in McGregor, Iowa, however, he returned East, and again engaged with iiis former em- ployers in Ro.xbury. In May, 1866, he moved to Quincy, and purchased an interest in the baking business established in the shop which he still occupies. In the autumn of 1867 he became sole proprietor of the establishment, and in course of time considerably enlarged his premises and greatly increased the business. During his resi- 398 MEN OF PROGRESS. dunce in Quincy he has been a pubhc-spirited citizen and prominent in its affairs. In 1872 he was first elected a selectman of the town, and the next year was made chairman of the board. In 1874 he was returned without opposition. A few weeks after this election he resigned the office, in- tending to devote himself exclusively to his pri- vate business, but in the autumn following he was nominated by the Democrats for representa- tive in the Legislature, and was elected to that position. The next spring (1875) he was again elected a selectman of Quincy. In 1876 he was an alternate delegate to the National Democratic f9^ »*»»^ ^ a WM. A. HODGES. Convention at St. Louis, and the autumn of that year was nominated for State senator by the Democrats of the First Norfolk District. The district, however, was so strongly Republican that tliere was no hope of election, although he made a good run. In 1877 he was returned to the Board of Selectmen by a large majority, and be- came its chairman. In April, 1878, in a by-elec- tion for senator, occasioned by the death of Mr. liarker, senator-elect, he was again the Democratic candidate, and this time was successful. In 1S79 he was not a candidate for selectman ; but in the autumn of that year he was given the compliment- ary nomination for executive councillor by the Democrats of the Second Councillor District, over- whelmingly Republican. In :88o-8i he again served as selectman and chairman of the board, in 1880 also receiving the complimentary nomina- tion for county commissioner from his party, and in 188 1 nominated for treasurer and receiver-gen- eral on the Democratic State ticket. In 1882 he was renominated for State treasurer. In 1883 he was again put in the field as the Democratic candidate for senator from his district, and was elected after a spirited canvas. In 1S86-87-88, the last three years of town government in Quincy, he served as selectman, assessor, and overseer of the poor. He was elected mayor of the city in the elections of 1893 and 1894. He is a prominent Mason, member of the Rural Lodge of Quincy, of St. Stephen's Lodge of Royal Arch Masons, and of the Boston Commandery. He was married September 15, 1868, to Miss Annie M. Wilson, daughter of George F. and Maria (Stetson) \\'il- son, of Quincy. They have three sons and a daughter now living : Francis Mason, Mabel Stet- son, Edward Tisdale Quincy, and ^^'illard Allan Hodges. HOLBROOK, \ViLi.i.\M Edward, M.I)., of Lynn, was born in Palmer, Hampden County, July 24, 1852, son of Dr. William and Clara (Belknap) Holbrook. His first ancestor in this country was Thomas Holbrook, who came from Brantry, England, in 1635. His great-great- grandfather, first of Bellingham, and afterward of Sturbridge, served as lieutenant in the Revolution. His grandfather was Major-General Erasmus Holbrook of the State Militia : and his father, William Holbrook, M.D., born in Sturbridge June 23, 1823, was surgeon of the Eighteenth Massa- chusetts Regiment in the Civil War, has held the position of medical examiner ever since the es- tablishment of that office, and has been in prac- tice forty-eight \'ears. His mother and both of his maternal grandparents, Captain Peter and Anna (Marsh) Belknap, were also all natives of Sturbridge. William E. attended Monson Acad- emy, where he was fitted for college, graduating in 1872, entered Amherst and graduated in the class of 1876, and completed his study for his profes- sion at the Harvard Medical School, graduating therefrom in 1879. He began practice in his native town in 1879, soon after finishing his col- lege course. He built up a good practice there, but, wishing a larger field, came to Lynn in Octo- MEN OF PROGRESS. 399 ber, 1885 herud to general pr In his practice he lias the reguhir school. While actice, his tastes are sur"ical. always acl- doing a \\'hen he went with the troops to Fortress Monroe, and there served until he was detailed by (General liut- ler to a post in New York City as medical exam- iner of applicants for enlistment. Subsequently he was transferred to the navy, and served some time on the United States steamer " Xipsic,"' then in charge of the hospital at New Orleans. After the close of hostilities he remained in the ser\ice by special request of his superior officers, and cruised for two years in Southern waters. When his term expired, he was holding the post of assist- ant port physician, lie established himself in Canton in May, 1868, and was from that time en- gaged in an extensive general practice, as physi- cian and surgeon, till his death. He held the position of medical examiner for the P'ifth Nor- folk District for eighteen years, being in his third term when he died ; and was pension examiner for three years, under appointment of President Har- rison. In town affairs he was active and influen- tial, and was called to numerous positions of responsibility, among them that of member of the Board of Commissioners originally appointed to secure a supply of pure water for the town. He W. E. HOLBROOK. came to Lynn, he knew only one familv, and at first it was a hard struggle ; but he has succeeded in establishing an extensive and lucrative practice. Dr. Holbrook is a member of the ]\Iassachusetts Medical Society and of the Harvard Alumni As- sociation. In politics he is a Republican. He is unmarried. HOLMES, Alexaxder Reep, M.I)., of Can- ton, was born in New Bedford, July 16, 1826, son of the Rev. Sylvester and PLsther Holmes : died in Canton, November 11, 1894. His paternal grand- mother was a descendant of " Silver-headed " Thomas Clark, of Plymouth, one of the " May- flower " company, so called from the silver plate which covered his head after he had been scalped by the Indians. Dr. Holmes was educated in public schools and academy, and was fitted for his profession at the Pennsylvania Medical University, where he was graduated in 1849. He first prac- tised in his native place, where he remained until the outbreak of the Civil War, when he was among the first to enlist for service. Joining the Third Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, he A. R. HOLMES. was connected with the Masonic order, a member of Adoniram Chapter of New Bedford and of Sut- ton Commandery Knights Templar; was an early 40O MEN OF PROGRESS. member of the Grand Army of the RepubHc, com- mander of Post 94 for five years; a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of the Norfolk Medical Society : and of the Norfolk Club. In politics he was an active Republican. He was regarded as a surgeon of marked ability and a skilful physician ; and in his practice, it has been said. •' he was more than the physician : he was the kind friend, the genial and hearty presence." Dr. Holmes married December 14. 1858, Mrs. Harriet F. Newhall, born Lindsey, of Prescott. They had three children, one only of whom is now living : Grace Lindsev Holmes. prisoner (September 30), and sent to Libby Prison. ,\fter five days' retention here he was removed to Salisbury, N.C., thence to Danville, and thence to Libby Prison again, as hostage, January 15. February 22, 1S65, he was paroled, and declared exchanged b\* order of the War Department in March. After a month's leave of absence he re- turned to active service, joining his regiment at Petersburg, Va. Reaching Alexandria Tune 10, he served from that time until he was mustered out, as inspector of the Second Division, Ninth Army Corps. Returning to business, he became connected with the large wholesale house of Dan- HORTON, Everett Southworth, of .\ttle- borough, manufacturer, is a native of Attle- borough, born June 15, 1836, son of Gideon M. and Mary S. (Smith) Horton. His great-grand- father, Lieutenant James Horton, born 17 41, died 1H33, was a soldier of the Revolution. He was educated in the common schools and at the old -Attleborough .\cademy. His youth was spent on his father's farm and in the latter's store, of which he subsequently became the owner. \\'hen the Civil War broke out, he was here engaged ; and, early enlisting, he made a brilliant record, cover- ing the entire period of hostilities. He went out as second lieutenant of Company C, Forty-seventh Regiment, Massachusetts \'olunteers, having en- listed September 12, 1862, for the term of nine months. His regiment was assigned to the Gulf Department under General Banks, and, reaching New Orleans in December, was detailed to the First Brigade, Second Division, Nineteenth Army C'orps. On February 2, 1863, he was commis- sioned captain ; and this rank he held until the regiment was mustered out. Four weeks after his return home he re-enlisted (November 14, 1863) for the term of three years in the Fifty-eighth Regiment. He was again commissioned second lieutenant, and also recruiting officer for the regi- ment. In February following (1864) he was com- missioned captain of Company C, same regiment. He was in the thickest of the battles of the Wil- derness, Spottsylvania, Tolopamoy Creek, Gaines's Mills, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Spring, Church, and White Plains. On the 8th of August he was promoted to be major, and mustered in on the 25th, and six days later was commissioned lieutenant colonel : but before he was mustered into this office he was taken E, s. horton. iels, Cornell. & Co.. of Providence. R.l. The next fourteen vears were spent here : and then he embarked in the manufacture of jewelr}' in Attle- borough, under the firm name of Horton, .\ngell, & Co., in which he has since been engaged. He is also president of the Attleborough Savings and Loan Association and vice-president of the Attle- borough Gas Light Company. He has held nu- merous local offices, — selectman, assessor, member of the Board of Health, — is now (1895) chairman of the Board of -Selectmen, a commissioner of the sinking fund, president of the trustees of the Richardson School Fund, and president of the Attleborough Free Public Librarv : and he has MEN OK PROGRESS. 401 rcprcsuiUfd the town and the district in liuth branches of the Legishiturc. When a member of the House in his first term, 1891, he served on the committee on public charitable institutions, and during his second term, 1892, was a member of the committee on railroads. In the Senate, 1893. he was chairman of the committee on roads and bridges, and member of those on parishes and religious societies, and on rapid transit. He is prominent in the Grand Army of the Republic, a ciiarter member of William A. Streeter Post, No. 145, its commander for four terms, 1872-73, i88r, and 1892, and a delegate to the national encampment at San Francisco, Columbus, Ohio, Detroit, Mich., Washington, D.C, and Pittsburg, Penna. He is also a member of the Massachusetts Commandery, Military Order Loyal Legion of the United States, and president of the Rhode Lsland United States Veteran Association. He is a thirty-second degree Mason, a member of the Royal Arcanum, and of the Order of United Workmen. In politics he has been always a Re- publican, on town committees for a long period, and president of the local Republican Club for ten years. He is also a member of the Pomham Club of Providence, R.I. Major Horton was first married June 12, 1861, to Miss Mary Ann Car- penter. She died in 1871, leaving one child: Mary Edith Horton (born July 22, 1862). He married second, in 1873, Miss Eliza I). Freemont. They have one child : Gertie E. Horton inborn May 29, 1876). I\'ERS, Samuel, of New Bedford, treasurer of the Southern Massachusetts Telephone Company, and of other corporations, was born in Dedham, June 14, 1828, son of Samuel and Caroline (Ful- ler) Ivers. He was the fourth of a family of si.K children, one girl and five boys, all of whom reached adult age, and became active in affairs. He was educated in the public schools of his na- tive town, and also in the Washington Grammar School of Roxbury, to which place his parents moved during his boyhood. Upon leaving the Washington School at about the age of si.\teen, when the family again moved, this time to Cam- bridge, he entered the dry-goods store of his eldest brother, of the firm of Ivers & Campbell, then on Hanover Street, Poston, to learn that business. After remaining here about a year, when the firm sold out, he came to New Bedford, and was for another year a clerk in the dry-goods store of a Mr. Shaw. Then he engaged as clerk with Xehemiah Leonard, in the sperm and whale oil commission and candle manufacturing busi- ness. A few years later he was taken into part- nership, the firm name becoming N. Leonard &: Co. ; and this association held till the death of Mr. Leonard in 1869. For some time previous to Mr. Leonard's death Mr. Ivers had practically the sole charge of the business on account of the feeble health of the former ; and he continued it alone for several years after. He was also exec- utor and trustee of the estate of Mr. Leonard, SAMUEL IVERS. which was valued at upwards of a hundred thou- sand dollars. In 1880 Mr. Ivers, with three others, took up the .Southern Massachusetts terri- tor}', and organized the Southern Massachusetts Telephone Company, with a capital of thirty thousand, increased with the increase of the busi- ness from time to time until it reached six hun- dred thousand dollars, of which he was made treasurer and clerk. About the same time he was one of the organizers of the Williams Manufactur- ing Company, with a capital of two hundred thou- sand dollars, and one of a number who organized the New Bedford Opera House Company, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars, and built the 402 MEN OF PROGRESS. Opera House, becoming treasurer and clerk of both of these corporations. .Subsequently he was elected treasurer and clerk of the Clark's Cove Guano Company, capital between seven and eight hundred thousand dollars. After four or five years' service in these several positions he re- signed the treasurership of the Guano Company, and soon after that of the Williams Manufacturing Company, the business of the Telephone Com- pany having increased to such an extent that he could not comfortably attend to the duties of all of them. He is still treasurer and clerk of the Telephone and of the Opera House companies, treasurer of several smaller enterprises, director of the several companies of which he is and has been treasurer, trustee of several estates, and trustee of the Five Cents Savings Bank, of which he was one of the original incorporators. In pol- itics he is and always has been a Republican, at times more interested in political movements than at others, especially when local matters of impor- tance are issues. He has been a member of the Republican city committee at different times, and its chairman or treasurer a number of terms. He has held a few local offices ; and at one time, during his absence from home, and without his knowledge, he was nominated for representative in the Legislature, 'i'hat he was not elected gave him mucli gratification, as he has always preferred business to public station. He has been asked repeatedly to be a candidate for Common Coun- cil, the Board of Aldermen, and for the mayoralty but has in all cases positi\-ely declined. He has been long prominent in the North Congregational Church, and was treasurer of the Sunday-school for about fifteen years. He is a member of the Wamsutta Club, one of the few who started and or- ganized it, and its treasurer for ten or fifteen years ; and he is a member of the New ISedford Board of Trade. He was married first in 1851 to Miss Jane Frances Tobey, daughter of Jonathan Tobey, who died early in 1853 ; and second, late in 1851^, to Miss Flizabeth Perkins, daughter of John Per- kins. She died in 1885. By his first wife he had a daughter, Ella Frances Ivers, who is still living: and, by his second wife, a daughter. Lizzie Per- kins Ivers, who died October, 188:;. eldest son of Stafford and Harriet (Potter) faques. He is descended from Captain J. Jaques, one of three brothers who came from France to this j.\QUES, Alden Potter, of Haverhill, a large holder of Haverhill real estate, was born in Maine, in the town of Bowdoiu, March 4. 1835. ALDEN P. JAQUES. country in the early colonial daj-s, and settled in Newbury, .Mass. Subsequently Captain J. was one of the first settlers of Harpswell, .Me., becom- ing a large holder of land there. Fur several jears he was master of a merchant ship, and was finally lost at sea. Isaac Jaques, the grandfather of Alden P., removed from Harpswell to Bowdoin, and became a prominent citizen. .Alden P. was the oldest of a family of three sons and one daughter. He spent his boyhood on the farm, attending the public schools during the three winter months of each year. His father was a contractor and builder ; and, being away from home much of the time, the farm was in the son's hands from the time he was old enough to con- duct it until he readied the age of eighteen. Then he struck out for himself, and, obtaining a situation in Richmond, Me., as a ship-joiner, he followed that trade until the financial panic and depression of 1857, when, ship-building becoming inacti\-e, he turned his attention to house carpen- tering. In 185S he purchased a farm in Bowdoin, Me., and engaged in general farming. He re- mained there. howe\er, but about a year, in 1S59 MEN OF PROGRESS. 403 removing to Haxcrhill. aiul lulurning to his old trade of carpentering. IJeing a skilful workman, he found steady employment in the finer grades of finishing, and continued in this occupation for three years, his last work at the trade being on the City Hall. I'hen he took up shoe manufactur- ing. He formed a partnership with his brother-in- law, Randall A. Potter, under the lirni name of Potter & Jaques, and engaged actively in the in- dustrv. In 1S70, in compan)' with John IS. Nichols, he purchased the large wooden building then standing on Washington .Street, known as the Coffin Block, and the Whipple House adjoin- ing, and three years later began here an enter- prise which soon revolutionized the shoe industry in Haverhill, — the application of steam power in shoeniaking. He was also the first to succeed in making shoes in what is known as a " string shop '■ ; and in this, as in the adoption of steam to shoe manufacture, he was followed by others until it became the prevailing method. Mr. Jaques continued in the shoe manufacturing busi- ness until the disastrous fire of Februarj-, 1882, which destroyed his factory and other buildings. Then he became more extensively interested in real estate, erecting, in place of the property swept away by the fire, more substantial structures, and turned his attention to other enterprises. Since about i8go he has been extensively and very profitably engaged in gold-mining in Colorado. He has always taken a warm interest in Haver- hill affairs, and has served the city in various positions. He was for two terms a member of the School Board; in 1885 and 1886 an alder- man; in 1887 and 1888 a member of the lower house of the Legislature for Haverhill, serving in that body on important committees, in his first term a member also of the special committee ap- pointed to represent the Commonwealth at the centennial celebration of the signing of the Na- tional Constitution at Philadelphia: and in 1890 a member of the State Senate, serving that term as chairman of the State House committee, chair- man of the committee on woman suffrage, and member of the connnittees on county affairs and criminal costs, and on libraries. In politics he is an earnest Republican, and has contributed generously, in personal work and in contribution, to campaign funds for the advancement f>f liis party. He has been long a member of the Haverhill Conimandery of Knights Tem|)lar, of the Saggahen Lodge, Freemasons, and of the Mutual Relief Lodge, ( )dd Fellows. In religious faith he is a Congregationalist member of the .North Congregational Society. He is ever ready to help the needy, and his sterling integrity makes his word as good as his bond. Mr. Jaques was married first in 1858 to Miss Harriet Carr, daughter of John Carr, of Bowdoin, Me., who died in 1865: and second, in 1871, to Miss Marcia L. .V\-ery, daughtei- of Leonard R. .\very, of New Hampton, N.H. They have had one son : Walter H. Jaques. JENNINGS, .Andrkw Jackshx, of Fall River, member of the Bristol bar, is a nati\e of Fall River, born .Vugust 2, 1849. son of Andrew M. and Olive 1!. iChace) Jennings. He was educated in the Fall River public schools, at the English and Classical School of Mowry & Gofi' in l'ro\i- dence, R.I., and at Brown University, from which he graduated with special honors in the class of 1872. In college he was a good athlete, as well as a good scholar, prominent in all athletic sports, ANDREW J. JENNINGS. captain some time of his class nine, and also of the universitv nine. l''oi- two years after gradua- tion he was princiinil of the High School of War- 404 MEN OF PROGRESS. ren, R.I. Then he began his law studies, enter- ing the office of the Hon. James M. Morton, in Fall River, as a student in July, 1874, and the Boston University Law School the following January, (iraduating in 1876, he was admitted to the bar, and at once began practice in part- nership with Judge Morton. This relation con- tinued till Mr. Morton's elevation to the Supreme Bench in September, 1890. Thereafter he was in partnership with John S. Brayton, Jr., for two years, and subsequently formed a partnership with the son of Judge Morton, under the firm name of Jennings & Morton. He gained special promi- nence as counsel in association with ex-Governor George D. Robinson for the defence in the famous ''Lizzie Borden case" in 1892. He has been prominent also in public affairs, serving three years on the Fall River School Commit- tee (1876-79), two years as a representative for Fall River in the lower house of the Legislature (1878-79), and one year as a senator (1882J, de- clining a re-election for a second term. During his entire service in the General Court he was a member of the committee on the judiciary ; and in 1882 was chairman of the joint specia- committee on the removal of Judge Day by ad- dress. As a legislator, he was effective in de- bate and influential in committee work. When in the House, he was especially identified with the civil damage law, and in the Senate with the act prohibiting saloons within certain distance of school-houses, which he introduced. He was chosen district attorney for the Southern district in November, 1894, to fill the une.xpired term of the Hon. H. M. Knowlton, elected attorney gen- eral of the State. In politics he is a Republican, and has for some years spoken regularly from the stump during the annual fall campaigns. He has also delivered formal addresses on public occasions, one of the most notable of this class being his memorial oration for the city of Fall River on the day of the funeral of General Grant. Mr. Jennings is now president of the Young Men's Christian Association of Fall River, has been for some years a trustee of Brown University, and is a member of the University Club, Boston, and the Delta Kappa Upsilon, New York. He was mar- ried December 25, 1879, to Miss Marion G. Saun- ders, daughter of Captain Seth and Nancy I. (Bosworth) Saunders, of Warren, R.L They have two children : Oliver Saunders and Marion Jen- nings. JOHXSON, Georgk William, of I'.rookfield, ex-member of the Governor's Council, was born in Boston, December 27, 1827, son of Samuel and Charlotte A. (Howe) Johnson. His father was an eminent Boston merchant, at different times member of the firms of Brewer & Johnson, John- son & Curtis, and J. C. Howe iS: Co., "distin- guished," as one who knew him well wrote in an obituary notice after his death, " by a singular union of shrewd judgment and methodical habits of business, with the energy of an impulsive tem- perament." "The mercantile history of Boston," this writer added, " has furnished few, if anv, GEO. W. JOHNSON. more worthy specimens of the honorable, liberal. Christian merchant." George W. was educated in the Chauncy Hall and the Boston Latin schools. In his seventeenth year he entered the importing and jobbing house of Deane & Davis, Boston, and, upon attaining his majority, became a mem- ber of the firm, the name being then changed to Deane. Davis, & Co., and later to Davis, Johnson, & Co. In 1850 this partnership was dissolved, Mr. Johnson having accepted a proposition to en- gage in the Mediterranean trade ; and soon after he sailed for Smyrna and other parts of the Le- vant. I'pon his return, however, eight months later, he found that the firm with whom he had made the connection had become insolvent ; and MKN OP' PROGRESS. 405 lie was obliged to cliange his |)hiiis. Tlie next five years he was abroad the greater part of the time, partly for pleasure and partly for business, visiting Kngland, China, and South America. In April, 1.S56, he went to Brookheld, the home of his maternal ancestors, to which he was much at- tached, for a temporary residence ; and the follow- ing year, marrying there, he made it his iJermaiient home. In i860, having concluded to adopt a pro- fession, he began the study of law in tlie ottice of |. K. dreene, of North Brookfield, and sulise- quenlly completed his studies in that of the dis- tinguished Boston lawyer, Peleg W. Chandler. .\diiiitted to the Suffolk bar in 1S63, he at once began practice in Brookfield. To his law busi- ness he added that of negotiating loans for East- ern capitalists on real estate in Chicago. For a while the two branches were conducted together comfortabl}- : but in course of time his frequent absences from home to attend to Chicago matters interfered with his legal practice, and in 1S6S he closed the Brookfield otTice, and confined himself wholly to his financial operations. In 1870 he en- tered the manufacturing field, engaging in shoe manufacture in Brookfield, in partnership with Levi Davis, under the firm name of Johnson & Davis. Two years later the firm name was changed to Johnson, Davis, & Forbes. The busi- ness was continued till 1878, when, their factory being destroyed by fire and the shoe trade being in a depressed condition, the partnership was dis- solved. Thereupon Mr. Johnson resumed his law practice and the Chicago loan business. .\ few years later he retired from professional work, and has since lived in the enjoyment of a well-earned ease. In the local aft'airs of Brookfield he has always taken an active part, and he has for many years been prominent in State affairs. He was chairman of the Board of Selectmen of Brookfield and of the School Committee for a long period, and he has been one of the trustees of the Mer- rick Library since its foundation. In 1868 he was a delegate to the National Republican Con- vention in Chicago, and twelve \ears later was an alternate to the convention which nominated Gar- field. He has served in both branches of the State Legislature, beginning as a senator for the Third Worcester District in 1870, and member of the House in 1877 and 1880. In the Senate he was a member of the committees on probate and chancery, on the library, and on woman suffrage i and was especially active in opposing the State grant to the old ilartforil \- l''rie Railroad, now the .\ew ^'ork .S; New Kngland. In the House during his first term he served on the committee on finance, and his second term on the same com- mittee, also on that on rules and orders, and as House chairman of the committee on fisheries. In 1877, by appointment of (Governor Rice, he became one of the inspectors of the State Primary School at Monson ; and, under the act of 1879 or- ganizing the Board of State Charities, he was ap- pointed a trustee of the .State I'rimar)- and Reform schools, and served several years as chairman of the board. In 1887 he was a member of the E.xecutive Council, and, twice re-elected (for 1888 and i88g), served the entire length of Governor Ames's term in the governorship, taking a leading hand in a number of important matters. He was one of the principal members of the committee on pardons and a member of the special committee on the purchase of land and on plans and esti- mates for the State House E.\tension. On the latter committee his services were especially efficient. Owing to the illness of the governor, who was one of his associates, and the early re- tirement of the other member, the entire work of carrying through a number of delicate business transactions fell upon him ; and all interested bore testimony to his satisfactory conduct of them. Every purchase was made without the intervention of brokers, thus saving to the State the cost of commissions. In 1889 he was a leading candi- date in the Republican State con\ention for the nomination for lieutenant governor, with the in- dorsement of a strong list of supporters, and on the first ballot received three hundred and thirty- seven votes, a good portion of them cast by Bos- ton delegates. But the choice of the convention fell on another candidate, and in the campaign following he gave his successful competitor the heartiest support. In December, 1889, he w-as appointed to the State Board of Lunacy and Charity, on which he has served to the present time, occupying the position of chairman since 1892. In the presidential election of 1892 he was chosen one of the presidential electors, and, as a member of the electoral college, cast his vote for Benjamin Harrison. Mr. Johnson was mar- ried February 24. 1857, to Miss Mary Ellen Stowell. daughter of E. C. Stowell, of Chicago. They have had eight children, of whom si.x are now living : Clara S., George H., .\licc R., Ethel, Harold A., and Marion P. Johnson. 4o6 MEN OF PROGRESS. fOHN'SOX. Samiki. Allen, of Salem, sheriff of Essex County, is a native of Salem, born July 31, 1847, son of Samuel S. and Elizabeth (Allen) Johnson. He is descended on the maternal side from Chester Allen, son of one of the first settlers of Sturbridge, and Anna Rice, of Kelchertown. His father's family was of Stafford's Springs, Conn. He was educated in Wisconsin, attending the public schools of Ueloit, fitting for college at the Beloit College Preparatory School, and taking a part of the course at Keloit College as a mem- ber of the class of i86g. being obliged to leave before completing the full course on account of SAMUEL A. JOHNSON. failing eyesight. Soon after leaxing college he began the study of law in the office of Todd i*v; Converse in Beloit, where he spent about a year. The next two years were devoted to travel in the distant West and in F'urope. Returning to Salem in the autumn of 1870, he resumed his law studies in the office of the Hon. \\'illiam U. Northend, and was admitted to the bar of Essex County on October 3, 187 i. He remained in the office with Mr. Northend, practising his profes- sion, until May, 1872, when he entered into a law partnership with Dean Peabody, at that time one of the leading attorneys and practitioners of Lynn, and since for manv vears clerk of courts for Essex County. P-le remained in active practice in Lynn until !N[ay, 1S75, and then, on account of a severe and prolonged illness, was obliged to withdraw from professional work, and to seek health and strength in Colorado. Returning in July, 1876, to his old home in Salem, instead of resuming practice, his physician advising him not to attempt it. he took an appointment in Decem- ber following as deputy sheriff" ; and this office he held, serving much of the time as special sheriff", until he assumed the duties of his present office of sheriff' of Essex Count v, to which he was elected in 1892. He has been a member of the Second Corps of Cadets of Salem for t\vent\' vears, having enlisted in April, 1874, and has passed through the various grades to that of major, which office he now holds. He is also an active member of numerous fraternal organiza- tions : in the Masonic order connected with the Essex Lodge, the Washington Royal Arch Chap- ter, the Winslow Lewis Commandery, the Sutton Grand Lodge of Perfection, all of Salem, and the Aleppo Temple of the Mystic Shrine, Boston ; HI the order of Odd Fellows, member of the Essex Lodge and the Naumkeag Encampment : in the Ancient Order of United Workmen, mem- ber of the John Endicott Lodge ; and in the Im- proved C")rder of Red Men, member of the Naum- keag I'ribe. In politics Sheriff" Johnson is a stanch Republican, but has held no elective of- fice except that of sheriff. He was married No- vember 17, 1872, to Miss Eliza A. Fitz, daughter of Daniel P, Fitz, of Salem, Their children were: Nellie Maud and Chester Allen Johnson. Mrs. Johnson died February 1, 1S85 ; and he married second, October 5, 18S6, Miss Lily J. Shannon, of New^ York City. They have one child : Mary Hilda Johnson. KEITH, Z1B.4 Carv, of Brockton, first mayor of that city and its representative in numerous other stations, is a native of North Bridgewater, which became Brockton in 188 1. born July 13, 1S42, in the ancestral home of the family built in 1747. His father, Ziba Keith, was a descendant in the fourth generation of Rev. James Keith, the first minister m Bridgewater, settled P"ebruary .18, 1664, and his mother, Polly (Noyes) Keith, was of an early Old Colonv family. He acquired his education in the North Bridgewater public schools and at the Pierce Academy, Middle- MEN OF PROGRESS. 407 bdiough. His business life was bcj;un at eighteen, when he became book-keeper and salesman for Martin L. Keith, in Boston. Four years were spent there, and then in 1864, with Embert How- ard as partner, he bought out a general txnuitrv store in Canipello, formerly kept by Sidney Pack- ard, and started in trade on his own account. 'I'wo vears later he sold his interest in the store, but rebought the ne.xt year (1S67), and from that time continued the business with profit until 1883, when ho retired. Subsequently he became con- nected with banking interests. He was an incor- porator of the Campello Co-operative Bank, and 2IBA C. KEiTH. secretary and treasurer of the institution in its early days ; an incorporator of the Brockton Sav- ings Bank, and later one of the vice-presidents of the corporation, which position he still holds ; and a director of the Brockton National Bank from the time of its incorporation until 1893. when he resigned to take the presidency of the Plymouth County Safe Deposit and Trust Company, of which he is still the head. He is also treasurer of the Monarch Rubber Company. Mr. Keith's notable public career was begun as a represen- tative for North Bridgewater in the State Legis- lature of 187s ^"'l 1876. In 1879 he was chosen a selectman of his tow-n. In 1881 he was a mem- ber of the committee selected by the town to draft the city charter, and in 1882 he was made the first mayor of the new city. Two years later he was re-elected to the mayoralty, and returned the next year; was again chosen to serve for 1891, and twice re-elected, — for 1892 and 1893. I'nder his administration a system of sewerage was provided for, and work upon it begun ; the abolishment of grade crossing was begun : the construction of the City Hall accomplished, and a park commis- sion established. For the years 1887 88-89, ^^^ served as tax collector. In 1887 and 1888 he represented his district in the State Senate, and in 1892 was elected a member of the (lovernor's Council for service in 1893. Re-elected in 1893 and in 1894, he is now serving his third term. During his first term as a councillor he served on the committees on accounts, harbors, and public lands, charitable institutions, military af- fairs, and railroads. In 1894 he was a member of the committees on finance, harbor, and public lands, militar\' aftairs, railroads, .State House Extension, accounts (chairman); and in 1895 member of the committees on finance, harbor and public lands (chairman), military affairs, rail- roads. State House Extension, accounts (chair- man). Of Mr. Keith's public service it has been said that, " wherever he has been placed, he has served to the satisfaction of the great mass of citizens, and therefore with honor to himself." He is thoroughly identified with Brockton, and by his able and energetic leadership has contributed much to its prosperity. He is in politics a stead- fast Republican, but has considered municipal affairs from the point of \ iew of the citizen rather than the party man. He is a Freemason, member of St. George Lodge and of the Bay State Commandery. He was married December 31. 1865, to Miss Abbie Frances Jackson. 'i'hey have one son : William C. Keith. KINGM.\N. HosEA, of Bridgewater, member of the Plymouth bar, and chairman of the State Metropolitan Sewerage Commission, is a native of Bridgewater, born .April 11, 1843, son of Philip D. and Betsey ( Washburn) Kingman. He traces his lineage to Henry Kingman, who settled in Weymouth some time about 1636. He was ed- ucated in the public schools of Bridgewater, at the Bridgewater Academy, at .Appleton .\cademy, New Ipswich, N.H., where he was fitted for col- 4o8 MEN OF PROGRESS. lege, and al I Jarlnioutli. He was a student in college when the Civil \\'ar broke out, and in the summer of 1862, closing his bonks, he joined HOSEA KINGMAN, the army, enlisting as a private in Company K, Third Regiment, Massachusetts \ olunteers. He was mustered in on September 22, that year, and went with his regiment to Newbern, N.C. Here he remained until December, when he was de- tailed to duty in the signal service, and was con- tinued in this department for the remainder of his term, first assigned to Port Royal, S.C., and later to Folly Island, Charleston Harbor. Mus- tered out on the 2 2d of June, 1863, he returned to college, made up his junior year work in his senior year, and graduated with his class in 1864. Then he began the study of law at Kridgewater in the office of William Latham, where he spent two years. He was admitted to the bar June 21, 1866, and at once engaged in practice as a part- ner of Mr. Latham, under the firm name of Latham lV' Kingman, which relation held until 187 1, when Mr. Latham retired, and Mr. King- man continued alone. He has enjoyed a large practice in his profes^ion since he first began ; and his time has been very fully occupied with professional duty. November 12, 1878. he was appointed special justice of the First I )istrict Court of Plymouth County, and held this posi- tion until July 6, 1885. From ]\L\rch 7, 18S3, to January 3, 1887, he was city solicitor of Brockton. From 1884 to 1887 he was commissioner of in- solvency through repeated elections ; and from Januar}-, 1887, to August, 1889, district attorney, resigning this office when appointed to the Metro- politan Sewerage Commission. He has been chairman of the latter body since the begin- ning of his service thereon. He is a trustee of the Old Colony Safe Deposit and Trust Com- pany of Brockton, and trustee of the Bridgewater Savings Bank. In 1864 he was a captain in the State Militia. He is much interested in historical and educational matters, and is a trustee of the Plymouth Countv Pilgrim Society and of the Bridgewater .Academy. He is prominent also in the Masonic and other fraternal organizations, having been master of the Fellowship Lodge of Brockton three years, district deputy grand mas- ter three years, and a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Knights of Honor, and the New England Order of Protection. His club associa- tions are with the LTniversity of PJoston, the Com- mercial of Brockton, the Old Colony of Plymouth, and the Bridgewater Social Club, of which he is president. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Kingman was married June 21, 1864, to Miss Carrie Cole, daughter of Hezekiah and Deborah f Freeman) Cole, of Carver. They have one daughter: Agnes Cole Kingman. KNIGHT, Horatio Gates, of Easthami)ton, lieutenant governor of the Commonwealth 1S75 to 187S inclusive, is a native of Easthampton, born March 24, 1818, son of Sylvester and Rachel (Lyman) Knight. His ancestry, while not clearly ascertained, is believed to be a combination of English and Scotch. His education was attained through private tutors and in the public schools of his native town. In lieu of a college training he early enjoyed the advantage of travel and obser- vation in various lands, wide reading, and associa- tion with wise men. He began active life at four- teen as a clerk in a country store, entering the employ of Samuel W'illiston, the successful manu- facturer and distinguished philanthropist. Early working his way to positions of responsibility, at twenty-four he became a partner in Mr. Williston's e.xtensive button manufacturing business. There- after he continued with Mr. W'illiston in various MEN OF PROGRESS. 409 iiianufacturiny; and mcicantilL- L-iUcrpriscs inUil the latter's death in 1874. He bought the first India rubber and the first elastic fabric looms and braiding machines used in the Easthampton fac- tories, and the prosperous business of the partners was in no small share due to his intelligent energy and systematic methods. He has been a director in many and president of several manufacturing corporations and banks, and trustee of se\-eral educational institutions. Having resigned many of these positions, including that of a trustee of Williams College which he held many years, he is still president of the Williston and Knigiit Com- pany and of the Northampton Institution for •Savings, a trustee of the Clarke Institution for Deaf Mutes, and director of the First National Bank of Northampton. Mr. Knight's notable public career began in the early fifties, and cov- ered a long and important period. He was a member of the Massachusetts House of Repre- sentatives in 1852 and 1853, was a senator in 1858 and 1859, ^ member of the Executive Coun- cil in 1868 and 1869, lieutenant governor for four years (1875 to 1878 inclusive), was drafting com- During his service as lieutenant governor the con- tract was made under which the Hoosac Tunnel was completed. As draft commissioner, instead of drafting, he promoted enlistments, expending from his own resources thousands of dollars in this work; and, as a result, Hampshire County's quota was filled without resorting to the draft. While as lieutenant governor, cliairman i)f the committees of the P^xecutive Council on pardons, several hundred applications for pardon were passed upon. In politics Mr. Ivnight was a Whig till that party was succeeded by the Republican, to which he has since adhered without wavering. He has since ser\ed his native town upon its .School Committee and in \arious other offices, and is at the present time chairman of its Water Commissioners. He was the originator of the Village Improvement Society, which has done much to promote the beauty, attracti\-eness, and prosperity of Easthampton. He is a member of the American Institute of Civics, of the Home Market Club, and has been a member of the Union League of New York. He was married .September 28, 1841, to Miss Mary Ann Huntoon. 'J'hey have had three daughters : Alice, Lucy, and Mary: and four sons: Horatio Williston, Chailes Huntoon, Frederic Allen, and Russell \\"right, the last two having died in childhood. LARRABEE, Jnux, of Melrose, pharmacist, member of the State Board of Registration in Pharmacy, was born in Melrose (then North .Mai- den), April 21, 1850, son of John and Sarah Jane (Kimball) Larrabee. He is a direct descendant of the Larrabee family who settled in this section in colonial days. His education was acquired in the public schools of his native town. Early es- tablishing himself as a pharmacist in Melrose, he conducted a successful business alone for twenty- three years, from 1867 to 1890: and since that time he has been associated with A. C. Stearns, a former clerk, under the firm name of Larrabee Ov Stearns. He has been a member of the State Board of Registration in Pharmacy since May, 1887, first appointed by Governor Ames, and re- appointed by Gox'ernor Br:ickett. in 1890, for the term of five years. He is interested, also, in local banking institutions, having been a trustee missioner l_iy appointment of Governor .-\nclre\\ in and clerk of the Melrose Savings Bank from Jan- 1862, and commissioner to the Vienna Exposition uary, i886, to the present time, and the first by appointment of Governor Washburn in 1873. cashier (1892) of the Melrose National Bank, the HORATIO C. KNIGHT. 4IO MEN OF PROGRESS. orj^anizulion and .successful eslahli>limcnt of which were hirgely due to his efforts. He is now a director of the latter institution, having resigned the position of cashier after one year's service on account of the pressure of other duties. He has served his town during a long period in various capacities. For twenty-one years — from 1873 to 1894 — he was town clerk, finally retiring, having declined a renomination. From 1888 to 1893 he was also clerk of the Hoard of Selectmen. .Since 1875 he has been a member of the committee on cemeteries, in 1883 and 1887 he was a repre- sentative in the I.egislature for the F,le\'enth Mid- the Melrose ^'()ung Men's Christian .Association; of the Massachusetts State Pharmaceutical .Asso- ciation ; and of the Franklin Fraternity, a literary organization formed in 1863. In pdlitics he is a Republican, and in religion a Baptist, member of tiie First Baptist Church of Melrose. Mr. Larra- bee was first married .September 18, 1876, to Miss I^. Ellen Ricker, daughter of Stephen and Sarah (Clements) Ricker. She died Mav 18. 1890. lea\ing two children : John Heber and Sarah Helen Larrabee. He married second, Decem- ber 8, 1892, Miss M. Edna .Atkins, daughter of Sullixan H. and Sarah Abbie (Ricker) Atkins. Tiiey have one child: Harold Atkins Larrabee (born August 20, i894t. JOHN LARRABEE. dlese.x District, serving both terms as chairman of the committee on engrossed bills; in 1883 as clerk of the committee on woman suffrage; and in 1887, clerk of that on public health. He is now ( 1895) serving as sewer commissioner for Melrose, the town having in process of construction a sys- tem to connect with the North Metropolitan Sew- erage system. He is a member of the Wvoming Lodge, Freemasons ; of the .Melrose Lodge, order of Odd Fellows; of the Bethlehem Council, Royal .Arcanum ; of the Garfield Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen ; of the Massachusetts Soci- ety of Sons of the .American Revolution (being a great-great-grandson of Captain John ^■inton ) ; of LAWRENCF>, W'ii.i.i.a.m I!.aiii;kk, of lioston and .Metlford, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Charlestown, November 15, 1856, son of General Samuel Crocker and Carrie R. (Badger) Lawrence, ( )n the maternal side he is a descendant of Giles Badger, who came from England with his two brothers, and who was at Newbury in 1643, and there died January 11, 1647. He was educated in the Boston Latin School and at Harvard Col- lege, where he was graduated in the class of 1879. .At the Latin School he was a Franklin medal scholar, and in 1874-75 was colonel of the Bos- ton .School Regiment. In college he was a mem- ber of the Phi Beta Kappa. He fitted for his pro- fession at the Harvard Law School, graduating in the class of 1882, and was admitted to the .State and United .States courts in the spring of 1883. Upon his return from extended travels in Europe he began practice that year in the office of the late Nathan Morse in Boston. He is now at No. 40 Water Street. He is a member of the Boston liar .Association and one of tlie proprietors of the Social Law Librarv. In .Medford, where he re- sides, Mr. Lawrence has been prominent in af- fairs ; and before the town became a city served on the Board of Selectmen and as ( )verseer of the Poor (from 1888 to 1890). In 189 i and again in 1892 he represented Medford in the lower liouse of the Legislature; and. in 1893 and 1894 he was senator for the F'irst iSIiddlese.x District (com- prising the cities of Somerville and Medford and the towns of Arlington and Winchester). While in the House, he served on the committees on the judiciary, probate, and insolvency, and drainage ; and in the Senate both terms as chairman of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 4" committees on the treasury and on expenditures, and a member of the committees on the judiciarv and on rules. He has always taken a warm in- terest in public matters, and has been especially acti\e in promoting progressive municipal move- ments. In the years 1885-89 he was instrumen- tal in averting the threatened division of the tow n of Medford, and later in securing the city charter. He has been for some years a trustee of the Med- ford Savings Bank. In politics Mr. Lawrence is a Republican, an active member of the party or- ganization, in 189 I 92 serving on the Republican State Committee. He is prominent in the Ma- WILLIAM B, LAWRENCE. sonic fraternity, a past deputy district grand master of the Grand Lodge, past master of the .Mt. Hermon Lodge, past high priest of Mystic Royal .\rch Chapter, past thrice illustrious mas- ter of Medford Council, Royal and Select Ah\s- ters, past grand master of the Grand Council. Royal and Select Masters, captain-general of Ho.s- ton Commandery, Knights Templar, and senior warden of Lafayette Lodge of Perfection. He is a charter member of the .Medford Club, and a member of the University Club of Boston. He was married October 2. 1883, to Miss .Vlice May Sears, daughter of J. Henry and P'.mily (Nicker- son ) Sears, and a lineal descendant of Richard Sears, one of the Pilgrims of the Plymouth Colonv in 1633. Their children are: Marjorie, Samuel Crocker, 2d. and Ruth Lawrence. LORD, LuciE.N, of .\thol. real estate in\estor and builder, proprietor of the Athol Academy of Music and owner of the Pequoig House, is a native of .Vthol, born October ri. 1840, son of Ethan and Thankful (Richardson) Lord. His father, grandfather, and great-grandfather were also natives of .\thol ; and the latter was one of the first five men who came from Hatfield in 1735 to settle in '' Pec|uoig," which subsequently be- came .\thol. He was educated in the common and high schools of the town. After leaving school, he was associated with his father for a while in the lumber and grain business, then ser\-ed some time as clerk in a dry-goods store, with Walter Thorpe, and in 1866 entered business on his own account, forming a partnership with Howard B. Hunt, and opening an insurance agency and stationery store. After two years suc- cessful trade he was appointed postmaster of .\thol (April 21, 1869) by President Grant, which office he held through the administrations of Presidents Hayes, Arthur, and Garfield, until 1889. Since that time he lias been actively en- gaged in real estate and building, to which he had given much attention tkning the previous ten and more years, erecting in 1874 tiie Masonic Building. • In i8gi he built the .Vthol .Academy of Music, and he is now (1895) rebuilding the Pequoig House, a large and fine hotel of modern design and finish, and is developing four large tracts for residences: '"Lake Park," "South Park,"' '-Inter- vale." and '-Pleasant \'alley.'-' He has from vouth up been closely identified with all praise- worthv movements for the benefit of local institu- tions, taking an active part in musical and dra- matic affairs, and ser\ing his town in various capacities. He represented .\thol in the General Court in 189 1, and is now a member of the .Athol School Committee and of the Library Committee. He is a trustee of the .\thol Savings Bank, direc- tor of the .Vthol and Orange Electric Railroad Company, and manager as well as owner of tile Academy of Music. He belongs to the .Masonic fraternity, member of the Athol Commandery, of which he was eminent connnander in 1881-82 83. and is a member of the P.oard of Trade and of the Pequoig' Club. He was largely instrumental 412 MEN OF PROGRESS. in fouiuling tlic Second Initaiiiin Society in Athol. was several years its clerk, and for the past eigh- teen years has been superintendent of the Sunday- national reputation for the extent and excellence of its work and for its fair dealing in all transac- tions. From a modest beginning it steadily ex- panded its works and operations in various direc- tions until now it has, in addition to its large plant in Quincy, extensive works in IJarre, Vt., wliere it owns a large quarry of fine, light granite ; three large yards at Buffalo, NA'. : and offices at Albany, \A'., and at Indianapolis, Ind. In (,)uincy the firm owns ten acres of the best quarry land in the city, and thirty-one acres in East Mil- ton. Its works are thoroughly equipped with ma- chinery of every description required for large operations, some of it especially constructed for the firm's use. One derrick alone is capable of removing a one hundred ton block of stone at a single lift. Thirty thousand feet of lumber are an- nually consumed in boxing the firm's finished work for shipment. It was the first concern in Quincy to introduce the apparatus of the American Pneu- matic Tool Company for carving and cutting stone, superseding hand labor, Mr. McDonnell being a stockholder in the company. Examples of the work of the firm are seen in various parts LUCItN LORD. school. In politics he has regularh- voted with the Republican party, but has never been a poli- •tician. Mr. Lord was married September i, 1868, to Miss Delia Maria Pierce, of Royalston. They have one daughter : Elizabeth Lord, born Febru- ary 9, 1 878. Their home is a fine residence re- cently erected by themselves on Chestnut Hill .\venue, Athol. McDonnell, Thijmas Hexry, of Qulncv, one of the leaders in tire granite industry of the United States, and president of the Quincy Quarry Railroad Company, is a native of Quincy, born .Vugust [8, 1S48, son of Patrick and Mary (Hughes) McDonnell. He acquired his educa- tion in the Quincy public schools, finishing with a thorough business course at Comer's Commercial College, Boston, and at an early age was actively engaged in the granite business, associated with his father and his brother, John Q. McDonnell, under the firm name of McDonnell & Sons. This relation has since continued, and the firm of which he has become the active head has acquired a T. H. McDonnell. of the country : in the monument George B. McClellan at Trenton, N.J Mackey family monument at Franklin, of General .. the C. W. Penna., the MEN OF PROGRESS. 413 ScvciUy-scxunth RL-gimcnl luniuuncnl .U Saratoga, N.Y., the Wocher canopy at liuffalo, N.V., cost- ing twenty-tive thousand doUars ; the Shoemaker monument at Spring Gro\e, Cincinnati : and many monuments of fine finisli in cemeteries of the hirger cities East and West. One of its most nota- ble pieces of work was the reconstruction of the Soldiers" Monument at liuffalo. which was highly complimented by the committee having the matter in charge. Mr. McDonnell was an active pro- moter of liie (Uiincy Quarry Railroad, — a contin- uation of the ancient " Granite Railway," the first railroad built in the country, — connecting the quarries on the hills with the main railroad, one of the most important enterprises of Quincy, com- pleted and formally opened in October. 1894; and he was elected its first president. He was also a promoter of the Quincy and Boston Electric Rail- way, and has been a director of it since its incor- poration. Besides his quarry business and his Quincy interests, Mr. McDonnell is interested in the Security Live Stock Insurance Company of Boston, of which he was one of the originators, and the president until May, 1894, when he de- clined a re-election on account of the pressure of other business, but remained in the directory. He also owns a dairy farm of five hundred acres in Springville, N.V. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus. In the year 1892 Mr. McDonnell, accompanied by his friend Rev. T. J. Donahy, of Newton L^'pper Falls, enjoyed a European trip ; and, while in Rome, they were accorded the rare privilege of a pri\ate audience with Pope Leo XIII. M.\CRINTIRE. Edw.ard Augustus, of Salem, bookseller, is a native of Rhode Island, born in I'rovidence, January 24, i.S_:;i. son of John and Claris-sa (Craig) Mackintire. His father was of a family of sea-faring men in Salem, with the ex- ception of Samuel Mackintire. who was a noted carver and architect of Salem during the first decade of the present century. His mother was of Scotch descent. He received a good grammar school education, and at thirteen years' of age was at work in the book and stationery store of Henry P. Ives in Salem. Here he learned the business, and remained until 1878, when in February he formed a partnership with W. Harvey Merrill, uhder the firm name of Merrill & Mackintire, and opened a book, stationery, and wall paper store of his own. In July, 1894. he purchased his partner's interest, and continued the busi- ness as sole proprietor. Mr. Mackintire has al- ways taken a deep interest in the welfare and E. AUG. MACKINTIRE. growth of Salem, and has by his infiuence pro- moted many important improvements. He has been for some years an active member of the Salem Board of Trade, and its president since .Vpril. 1893. He was the founder and first vice- president of the Salem Co-operative Bank, which position he has held since its establishment in 1888 ; and he was for two years a director of the Association of Massachusetts Co-operatixe Banks. He has also been long connected with the Salem Mutual Benefit Association, a director of the or- ganization for fifteen years. He is a member of the Essex Institute, of the Salem Charitable Me- chanic Association, of the Salem \'eteran Cadets, of the Enterprise Fire Club, and of numerous fra- ternal organizations: connected with Essex Lodge, No. 26, and Naumkeag Encampment of Odd Fel- lows, the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Honor, the Pilgrim Fathers, and the United Workmen. In politics he is Republican, interested in the party organization, but never holding office, al- though many times urged to take nominations. He was an early member of the Salem Repub- lican Flambeau Club, and its treasurer for nine 414 MEN OF PROGRESS. vears. lie \v;is married March 9. 1880. to Miss Alice Williams Glover, a descendant of Oeneral John Glover, of Marblehead, the famous hero of the Revolution, whose statue stands in Common- wealth Avenue, Boston. They have had four children : Bessie Glover, Richard Craig, Alice, and George Augustus Mackintire (deceased). M AR'l'l X, (;Ri;(;ok\ Akvidk, M.D., of Frank- lin, was born in Bedford, I'.Q.. December 22. 184', son of Abram and Sarah (Spruston) Mar- tin. His father's grandfather came from Holland, and settled in the Hoosac Valley of Massachu- setts, where his grandfather was born. His father was born in Bedford, I'.Q. His maternal grand- father was born and lived in Lancaster, Enghind. which was his mother's native place. .She re- ceived her education in London. England. He attended the common and high schools of his native town, and at eighteen was apprenticed for three years to a civil engineer and general mill- builder. After serving his time, he worked at mill building, civil and hvdraulic engineering, through- Commencement Bay. where Tacoma City now stands. He began the study of medicine on the first of January, 1873, and, subsequently attending the medical department of the University of Ver- mont, graduated there in June, 1879. He was first established as a physician in the town of China, Me., where he spent seven years. He had a large and pleasant practice there : but, desiring a more compact field of labor, he decided to set- tle near some large city. Accordingly, in 1886 he came to Franklin. He has devoted himself entirely to his profession, and has attained sub- stantial success in it. The only offices he has held have been those of examining physician for several insurance companies, and chairman of the Board of Health of Franklin, which position he has occupied for several years. He is a member of the Thurber Medical Association, of the Maine .State Medical Society, and of the .\merican Med- ical Association. He is connected with numerous fraternal organizations, a member of the Ancient Order of I'nited Workmen, of the Royal Societies of Good Fellows, of Central Lodge, No. 45, F'ree- masons, Dunlap Royal Arch Chapter. No. 12. Mount Lebanon Council, .St. Omer Commander)'. No. 13, Knights Templar, Providence Grand Con- sistory. .American Association Scottish Rites, United States Jurisdiction: and of King Daxid Lodge, No. 71, Odd Fellows. In politics he has been alwavs a Republican. Dr. Martin is an ardent iiuntsman, and every year finds iiim in the woods of Maine hunting deer and bear. He was married February 23. 1886, to Miss Rachel A. l>ump\is, of China. Me. .MK AD, Jri.iAX .Augustus, .M.D., of W'atertown, was born in West .Acton, April 15, 1856, son of ()li\er Warren and Mary F^lizabeth (Hartwelll Mead. His father was a native of Bo.\borough, where the Mead family had been settled for manv years, and his mother of Har\ard. She belonged to the Littleton branch of the Hartwell family. He was educated in the public schools of West Acton, the Concord High .School, Phillips (E.xeter) .Acad- emy, and at Har\ard, graduating A.B. in 1878 ; and fitted for his profession at the Harvard .Mech- cal School, graduating M.D. in 1881, and in Europe, at the universities of Leipzig. \'ienna. out New England, in the Province of Quebec, and and Paris, where he spent two years, tn Novem- on the Pacific Coast. .Among other works he ber, 1S83. he settled in W'atertown, and then superintended the large saw-mill on the shore of began practice, ni which he has since been MARTIN. MKN OF PROGRESS. 415 .slcadily engaged. Since 18S4 he lias been niedi- in lirownlield, Januar\- 16, 1X49. son of Sanuiel E. cal examiner of Middlesex County, first appointed and Clarissa (Flint) Merrill. His ancestors were by Governor Robinson, and reappointed in 1891 Massachusetts folk on both sides. The Merrills went from Newbury, Essex County, and were among the first settlers in Fryeburg and Brown- lield. Me., and in Conway, N.H. His mother was born in North Reading, and went to Maine early in life. He was educated in the public schools of Norway, whither his parents mo\ed when he was a boy of eight years. He came to IJoston in 1870, and entered the grocery business. .Six years later he removed to Lewiston, Me., where he continued in the same business ; and in 1878 established himself in (^uincy, Mass., as a grocer and real estate owner. In 1887 he built the Durgin and Merrill Block, the first business block in Quincy. He has represented his city and senatorial district in both branches of the Legislature, serving in the House of Representa- tives in 1888 and 1889, and in the Senate in T893 and 1894. During both terms in the House he served on the committee on water supply. I'he first year as a senator he was chairman of the committee on constitutional amendments, and a JULIAN A. MEAD. by Governor Russell. He served for three years as assistant surgeon ; and two years as surgeon of the Fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Militia, under Colonel Bancroft: and is now post surgeon at the United States Arsenal at W'atertown. He established the first Board of Health in W'ater- town, and was chairman of the board in 1886. He has served the town in other capacities, — as a member of the School Committee since 1884, and chairman since 1885 : and as a trustee of the W'atertown Public Library since 1891, for three years also secretary of the board. He is a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Medical .Societv and of the Medico-Legal Societv ; member of the Cnion and I'nitarian clubs, Boston; of the W'atertown Unitarian Club, three years its president ; and of the N'illage Club, W'atertown, of which he is the present president. He has contributed numerous articles to the medical journals. Dr. Mead was married December 12, 1889, to Miss Mary Dear- born F-nierson. of Newton. JOHN F. MERRILL. member of the committees on mercantile affairs .MF^RRILL, John Fi.iNr, of Quincy, grocer and on towns ; and the second year he was chair- and real estate owner, is a native of Maine, born man of the committee on mercantile affairs, and 4i6 MEN OF PROGRESS. member of those on liills in the third reading and libraries. In politics he is a Republican. He is prominent in the Masonic order, — a member of the Rural Lodge of Quincy, for several j-ears secre- tary of St. Stephen's Chapter, and member of the South Shore C'ommandery of Knights Templar. — and is also connected with the order of Red Men and the Royal Arcanum. Mr. Merrill was married November lo. 1894, to Miss Elizabeth Upton Waters, of ,Vew \'ork. MILLER, Edwin Child, of Wakefield, assist- ant superintendent of the Henry F. Miller & Son Piano Company, was born in Melrose, December I, 1857, fourth son of Henry F. and Frances V. (Child) Miller. He is a lineal descendant of Roger Williams, and of tlie Hon. Joseph Jenckes, and is connected with the Ogdens, Beverleys, Hitchcocks, and many of the early Rhode Island families. During his boyhood his parents re- moved to Boston, and he was educated there in the public schools. He entered the English High School in 1872, from the sub-master' class of the Dwight School ; and he was one of eighteen pupils in the class of one hundred who at the close of the course won the Franklin medal, and a Law- rence prize in declamation, in general scholarship, and for an essay. He was also captain of the prize company, English High School Battalion, of the Boston School Regiment. Graduating in 1875, he entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and there was graduated in 1879 with the degree of Bachelor of Science in the me- chanical engineering department. ."Vfter leaving the institute, he was first employed as draughts- man by the inventors of the Woodbury Merrill Patten hot-air engine. Then he entered the office of his father, the founder of the Henry F. Miller & Son Piano Company, as book-keeper, and in 1884, having become a member of the company, was appointed as assistant superintendent, which position he has since held. He removed to Wakefield in 1887, si.x years after the company had established the manufacturing department of its business there, and at once became identified with the interests of the town. He was one of the first members of the Wakefield Board of Trade, and an early president of the organiza- tion: in 1890 he became president of the Wake- field Horticultural and Agricultural Society ; in 1893 he was appointed by the town a member of the committee to purchase the water-works : and in 1893-94 represented the town in the lower house of the Legislature. He was chairman also of the executive committee having charge of the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anni- versary of the settlement of the towns of Reading. North Reading, and Wakefield. Since 1889 he has been a member of the Wakefield Savings Bank corporation. In politics he is a Republi- can, and an active member of the party organiza- tion, serving as delegate in district and State con- ventions. In the Legislature he has served on important committees, among them those on pub- EDWIN C. MILLER. lie service, of which he was House chairman for both 1893 and 1894, and on transit (in 1894), of the latter committee being the member hav- ing charge on the floor of the house of the Boston Elevated Railroad bill passed that year. He has been a vice-president of the Middlese.x ( political dining) Club, Boston ; a member of the American Academy of Political and Social Sci- ence, of the Sons of the American Revolution, of the Golden Rule Lodge, Wakefield, Freemasons, of the Albion Lodge, Wakefield, New England Order of Protection, and of the Quannapowitt Club, Wakefield ; a fine member of the Richard- son Light Guards : and a contributing member of MEN OF PROGRESS. 417 H. M. W'arien I'ost, No 12, of tlu; Grand Army of the Republic. Mr. Miller was married Janu- ary 30, 1S84, to Miss Ida Louise P'arr, daughter of the late Hon. Evarts W. Farr, of Littleton, N.H. The}- have two children : Barbara (born August 30, 1885. in lioston) and Henry Franklin Miller, 3(1 i born Xo\-ember 18, 1887. in Melrose 1. MILLS, Hiram Francis, of Lowell, civil engineer, is a native of Maine, born in Bangor, November i, 1836, son of Preserved Brayton and Jane (Lunt) Mills. His early education was ac- quired in the public schools of Bangor; and he was graduated as civil engineer at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, at Troy, N.V.. in 1856. Before entering upon independent professional life, he concluded to have ten years' experience with the ablest engineers in the country ; and dur- ing this period he was associated with James P. Kirkwood, \Mlliani E. W'orthen. James B. Francis, Charles S. Storrow, and others. In 1863 he made a design for and constructed the State Dam on I )eerfield Ri\er. I'hree years later he de- signed a stone dam for the Penobscot River at Bangor, and in 1882 one for the Merrimac River at Sewall's Falls. He lias been consulted upon many of the important hydraulic questions that have arisen in different States of the Lhiion. He was appointed engineer of the Esse.x Com- pany in 1869, and has since that time continued in charge of this companvs affairs at Lawrence, in- cluding the laying out and management of the lands and the management of the water power of the Merrimac River, with its daily distribution among the several manufacturing companies in the city. He has also acted as consulting engineer for these companies, and the three tall chimneys of Law- rence were designed by him and built under his direction. He has made very e.Ktensive experi- ments upon the flow of water in pipes, conduits, canals, and rivers, and in the discharge of water wheels ; and his formulas upon the flow of water, though not yet published, have been used, with his consent, by several of the leading engineers in designing their works. In 1893 he was appointed consulting engineer of the Proprietors of Locks and Canals on Merrimac River, at Lowell, and in 1894 engineer, having charge of the management of the water power there and of making improve- ments therein by enlarging the capacity of the canals and directing the dailv distribution of the water power among the manufacturing corpora- lions. He has held no remunerative political offices, but since the reorganization of the Massa- chusetts State Board of Health, by Governor Robinson in 1S86, he has been a member of that board and chairinan of its committee on water- supply and sewerage ; and as such he carried on the investigation and prepared the report in ac- cordance with which the Metropolitan Sewerage System has been constructed. He also designed the Lawrence Experiment Station of the board, where its experiments upon the purification of sewage and of water have been carried on for HIRAM F. MILLS. seven years under his direction. He designed and directed the construction of the filter-bed for Lawrence by which the drinking-water of the city, received from the Merrimac River, is purified, and deaths within the city from typhoid fever and other diseases communicated by polluted drink- ing-water ha\e been very much reduced. On account of his public services Harvard College in 1889 conferred upon him the honorary degree of .V.M. In 1S77 he was elected a Fellow of the .American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Since 1885 he has been a member of the corporation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and for several years chairinan of its committee on 4i8 MEN OF PROGRESS. nifchanical LMif;ineeiing and a|)plie(l mechanics. He is also a inenibei- of the \isiting committee of the Lawrence Scientific School. He is a director of the Essex Savings Bank ; president of the Law- rence Line Company: and a director of the Theo- logical School of the New Jerusalem Church. He has published many professional papers and essays, among them "Water Power of the United States "( 1867), "Experiments upon Cen- tral Discharge Water Wheels" (1870), -Experi- ments upon Piezometers used in Hydraulic FAperi- nients " ( 1878), " Protection of the I'own of West- field from Future P'loods" (1879), "Construction of the Pacific Mills Chimney" (1885), "'i'he Pro- tection of the Purity of Inland Waters" 118S7), " Purification of Sewage by applying it to Land " (1888), "Report of the State Board of Health upon the Sewerage of the Mystic and Charles River Valleys" (1889), "A Classification of the Drinking Waters of the State" (1890), "Report of the State Board of Health on Filtration of Sewage and of Water and Chemical Precipitation of Sewage" (1890), "Purification of Sewage and of Water by Filtration" (1893), "The Filter of the Water-supply of the City of Lawrence, and its Results" (1894). and memoirs of Mr. Jolm C. Hoadley and Mr. James B. Francis. Mr. Mills was married October 8, 1873, to Miss Elizabeth \\'orcester. MINOR, Wkslev Lvnc, of Brockton, archi- tect, was born in Franklin. St. .Mar\'s Parish, La., January 8, 1851, son of John W. and Mary (Lyngi Minor. When he was a lad of seven, the family moved North to New Bedford; and his early edu- cation was attained there in public schools. Later a second removal was made to the tow-n of Marion, where he attended the High School; and after his graduation the family was established in Middle- boro, where he received a partial training for his profession in after years. He first, however. learned the carpenter's trade as an apprentice to his father, who had resumed this trade which he had followed early in life and had abandoned for the study and practice of the profession of den- tistry ; and the study of architecture was begun while working at carpentry. His first teacher was Professor Hamblin, a retired architect, who was then in charge of a department at Pierce .Academy in the town, .\fter taking a three years' course in drawing and elementary architecture, he went to Boston, where he was employed in the archi- tect's office of William R. Ware. .V few months later he went to Philadelphia, and entered the office of J. McArthur, Jr., the well-known architect of the new City Hall in that city, and after a year's experience there he found an opening in the office of Richard H. Hunt, of New \'ork. where he remained another year : then he engaged in practice, first establishing himself in Charles- ton, S.C. He soon, however, moved West. and. opening offices in Topeka. Kan., and Denver, Col., conducted a fiourishing business in both jslaces. A few years after, his health failing, he was obliged to leave Kansas, and, going to Kentuckv. W. L. MINOR. settled temporarily in the town of Catlettsburg. which had been visited by a serious fire. He re- mained there about a year, and during that time practically rebuilt the town, replacing the burned wooden buildings with substantial brick structures. He next returned to the East, and was for two years and a half established in his boyhood home at New Bedford. Hax'ing then entered into an agreement with a New York architect to open an office in Newport, R.L, he started one day from Boston to Newport, and stopped oft" at Brockton to transact .some business. Becoming interested in the place, and concluding that it offered prom- ise of good architectural work, he lost no time in MEN OF PROGRESS. 419 comniuiiicating with his Xtw ^'ol•k friend, and pro- posed a partnership for business here instead of in Newport. The proposition was declined, hut he decided to stay and practise alone. This was in 1882 ; and he has been in constant practice with headquarters here since, building most of the notable buildings and residences in tlie city and neighborhood. Examples of his woik are the iSrockton City Hall, the Washburn and Howard blocks, the Enterprise, Home Hank, and l.ixby buildings, the residences of Ziba C Keith. Caleb H. I'ackard. Dr. E. E. Dean, William E. Douglas, and numerous others in Brockton ; and the Middleborough High .School. He also pre- pared the plans for the Broadway High School in Everett and the High School in Wichita, Kan. In politics Mr. Minor has been a lifelong Demo- crat, but he has never held or aspired to office. He is a member of the Electric Lodge of Odd Fellows of Brockton. He was married October lo, 1876, to Miss Ella C. Nickerson, of Cotuit. They have three children: Wesley ('.. Rose S., and S, \'ernon Minor. ,Ml)\K, Ei.iMtA (Al'iix, of Stoughton, manu- facturer and merchant, is a native of .Stoughton, born .\pril 25. 182S, son of Oeorge Randall and Sarah (Capen) Monk. His ancestors on both sides were Puritans. His mother was the daugh- ter of Deacon Elisha Capen, whose wife, Milly Gay, was a woman remarkable for industry and amiabilitv. — she taught school before marriage, spun cloth from fia.x raised on her father's farm in Stoughton. took it on horseback to Boston, sold it, and pmchased a silk wedding dress from the proceeds, — and lived to the age of ninety-seven years, seven months. His great-grandfather, George Monk, was at Dorchester Heights, and served in Colonel Benjamin Gill's regiment under Washington. His great-great-great-grandfather. Elias Monk, enlisted from the town of Dorchester in the Canadian \\'ar in 1690. Elisha C. received a public school education, supplemented by pri- vate instruction in Latin and rhetoric bv the Rev. William .M. C'ornell, an educator contemporary with Horace Mann, He learned the trade of boot-making, and in 1856 began the manufacture of boots and shoes for the California trade. In later vears he was interested in the dry-goods trade at (ireele\". Col., and at ( ulor.idn Springs, for a long period. His public career began in 1857, when he represented his native town in the hjwer house of the State Legislature. He was instru- mental in the passage of the bill of that year making the term of members of school committees three years each, and served on the committee first districting the State into senatorial and rep- resentative districts in accordance with the con- stitutional amendments that year ratified, in 1866 and 1867 he was a member of the State Sen- ate, and served on the committee on the treasury. During the Civil War he was acti\e in promoting the cause of the Union. He visited the army and camped with the soldiers on the Rappahan- ELISHA C. MONK. nock in 1862, and was on the battlefield of Gettys- burg before the dead were buried, when in com- pany with a party, of whom the late Phillips Brooks was one, he \isited the hospitals, and tra\-elled over the entire battle-ground in one day. .\t the time of the last call for men to fill the quota of Stoughton. his prompt action resulted in a speedy completion of the business. Learning that there were to be obtained in Washington thirty-four emancipated slaves, he telegraphed to the Hon. Oakes .\mes, then representing the Congressional district, asking what bounty was required to se- cure these men. I'he answer was seventy-five hundred dollais, the money sidjject to draft at 420 MEN OF PROGRESS. once. Thereupon he authorized Mr. Ames to draw on him for this amount. Squads of the en- rolled men were then organized, and in three days the money was raised and the quota filled. Dur- ing the years 1889 and 1890 Mr. Monk served on the Board of Selectmen of Stoughton as chairman. He has also served the town on a number of im- portant committees, notably those for building the Town House and the Drake School-house, and that nn [lark. In 1870 he joined the Union t'olony to settle in the new West of which Horace (ireeley was treasurer, and was of the founders of the town of Creele}', fifty-four nules north of Den- ver, Col. He was, with Judge Plato, of Illinois (who was one of the presidential electors for Illi- nois, voting for Abraham Lincoln in i860), a com- mittee to make the division and subdivisions of land, comprising in all 12,500 acres, for the col- onv. The historian of the town gives him the credit of having inserted in the deeds of the col- on v to individuals the provision prohibiting the manufacture or sale of intoxicating liquors as a beverage on the lands deeded, — these to revert to the town in case of violation. The following year, a similar provision being inserted in the deeds given at Colorado Springs, it was there contested as unconstitutional ; and, after the Territorial and State courts had passed upon the matter, it was carried to the I'nited States Supreme Court, where it was confirmed as valid and binding. Mr. Monk regards this as one of the grandest achieve- ments of his life, its practical eftect having been to eliminate from this tract of land all sale and manufacture of into.xicating liquors, and greatly to advance the prosperity of the people. In his na- tive town Mr. Monk has always been foremost in the van of progress, advocating the building of tow'n hall, high school, library, water-works, new roads, and other improvements. He is a mag- netic public speaker, and has been heard on nu- merous important occasions. In 1869 he deliv- ered the first address before Post 72 of the Cirand Army of the Republic, which received high com- mendation. It was subsequently printed, and is now in the Public Library. He was for many years a member of the Sons of Temperance. In politics he first voted the Free Soil ticket, and subsequently became a Republican. He is now a member of the Society of the Sons of the .Ameri- can Revolution. He was married January 13, 1852, to Miss Sallie Brett French. Their children are ; George, Bertha L., and Kunice C. Monk. M()RRIS, FnwAKii Fr.wki.in, of Monson, banker, is a native of Monson, born July 25. 1840, son of George F. and Sarah A. (Morse) Morris. He is in the seventh generation from Edward Morris, born at VValtham Abbey, Essex County, England, August, 1630, who came to New Eng- land in 1652, and settled in Roxburv. the line running as follows : Fxlward Morris (married Xo- vcmber, 1655, to (jrace Bett), Edward Morris, 2d, born in Roxbury, March, 1658 (married May 24, 1683, to Elizabeth I'owen), Edward Morris, 3d, born in Roxbury, November 9, i588 (married January 12. 1715, to lUthiah Peake), Isaac Morris, E. F. MORRIS. born in Woodstock, Conn., March 26, 1725 (mar- ried October, 1748, to Sarah Chaft'ee), Edward Morris, 4th. born in Woodstock, Conn., December 12, 1756 (married March 28, 1782, to Lucy ISliss), Edward Morris. 5th, born in South Wilbraham, Mass., July 21, 1784 (married June 27, 1808, to iSIercy Flynt), and George F. Morris, born at South Wilbraham. May 4, 1814 (married Mav 15, 1839, to Sarah A. Morse). Mr. Morris was edu- cated in the public schools and at the Monson Academy. He entered the Monson Bank as clerk on June 15, 1857, being then nearly seven- teen years of age, and remained there until the first of January, 1864, when he took the post of MKN OF PROGRESS. 421 l)n(ik-kL'c]HT in lliL' Agawaiii IJaiik u\ Springliuld. ( )n tlic lirsl of April following;, however, he was elected cashier of tiie Monson Bank, and returned to Monson. This position he has held continu- ousK' from that time, and has been a director of tile bank since 1871. He was also treasurer of the Monson Savings Bank from its organization, limr r, 1.S72, to June 1. 1S93. both banks occup_\- iiig the same \ault and banking-rooms. On the latter date the tw^o banks were separated; and, resigning the treasurership of the .Savings liank, he was elected its president, which office he still holds, lloth corporations have attained a degree of prosperity' much be\ond the average of similar institutit)ns. Mr. Morris has had charge of the settlement of many estates, and filled important positions of a hduciary character. He is much interested in educational matters. He was prin- cipallv instrumental in the establishment of a Free Reading Room in 1874, resulting in the incorpo- ration of the Monson Free Library in 1S77, of which he has since served as a director ; and he has been a trustee of Monson Academ\' for nearly twenty-five years, the past seventeen years its treasurer, and for twenty-one years on its standing committee, of which he is now the chairman. In 1S94 he was elected a corporate member of the .\merican Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He has been deacon of the t'ongrega- tional church of Monson since 1869, treasurer since 1861, and for nine years past superintendent of the Sunday-school. In politics he is Repub- lican. He is now serving his town as a member of its Board of \\'ater Commissioners organized in 1894. He is connected with the Masonic order. member of the Dayspring Lodge, of which he was for two years master. Mr. Morris was married October 25, 1S65, to Miss Louise (. (lapp, of Kasthampton. They ha\e had four children, three of whom are now living : Alice Amelia, Louise, and Edward L. Morris. MIlRSK, Ei,ij.\n .Vd.ams, of Canton, m.inufact- urer, member of Congress for the Twelfth ^h^ssa- chusetts District, is a native of Indiana, born in South Bend, but of an early New England family. His father, the Rev. Abner Morse, .\.M., was a native of Medway, Mass., descending from Samuel Morse who settled in Dedham in 1635: and his mother, Hannah ( Reck 1 Morse, was born in New York State. His middle name "Adams" is a famih' name, coming from the m.irriage of an an- cestor, Joseph Morse, of Sherborn, with I'rudence Adams, of Braintree, now (^uincy, a relative of the Rresidents, John Adams and John (,)uincy .\dams. Eleven years after his birth the family returned to Massachusetts, and his early education was ac- quired here in the public schools of Sherborn and Holliston. Subseepiently he attended the well- known old Boylston School in Boston, and finished at the Onondaga .Vcademy in New ^■ork State. In his nineteenth year he enlisted foi the ('i\il War, joining Company .\, hburth Massachusetts Infantry, as a private, and was with Oeneral Bul- ELIJAH A. MORSE. ler in Mrginia for three months, and with (ieneral Banks nine months in Louisiana. The foundation of his fortune was laid when he was vet a bo\', alone in a little shop in Sharon, during his school \acations, in the preparation of the stove polish which afterward became widely known untler the name of the " Rising Sun." L'pon his return from the armv he joined his brother in the estab- lishment in Canton of the works for the manufact- ure of his stove polish, and this was rapidly de- veloped into an important industry. The factory now co\ers four acres of ground, and has a capacity of ten tons a day. Since September i, i888, Mr. Morse has been the sole proprietor of the busi- 42 2 MEN OF PROGRESS. iicss. Mr. .Morse's public L;uccr heL;an in the seventies, when he w;is elected a member of the .Massachusetts House of Representati\es of 1876. in which body he at once became prominent. In 1886 and 1887 he was a member of the State Sen- ate; in 1888 a member of the E.Kecutive Council: and the latter year, while holding the position of councillor, was nominated and elected to Congress as tile successor of John I). Long, by a plurality of thirtv-six hundred and eighty votes. He has since served in the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses, and in the November elec- tions of 1894 was returned for a fourth term liy an increased m.ajority. As a State Senator, he was influential in advancing various reform measures, and, with other legislation, secured radical amend- ments to the laws for the protection of children and for the punishment of crimes against chastity. In Congress he has been identified with all the great measures advocated b}' the Republican party, and has made speeches on the floor of the House in favor of protection to .\merican manu- facturers and American labor, in favor of sound finance, in favor of restricted immigration, against sectaiian appropriations of public money, in favor of more stringent naturalization laws, in favor of the annexation of the Hawaiian Islands, in favor of memorializing the Russian government in be- half of the persecuted Jews, in favor of a non- partisan commission to in\'estigate the alcoholic li(|uor traffic and its relations to pauperism, crime, insanity, taxation, and on many other important subjects. His politics have always been Republi- can. He has also been a life-long supporter of temperance measures, for many years a recognized leader in the temperance cause. He is interested in all matters pertaining to the public schools, and is a warm supporter of every effort for social re- form which he regards as genuine. He is a prac- tical philanthropist, and has given generously to various charities. The ground for the Canton Memorial Hall, the memorial tablets in the hall, and the bronze soldier on the green, in memory of those who fell in the Civil War, were his gifts to the town. He has frequently been heard on the public platform, in addresses on political, educa- tional, temperance. Grand .\rmy, and religious topics, of which he has delivered more than two thousand in New England and other States. Mr. Morse is a member of the New England Historic (Genealogical Society, of the Congregational Club, of the Norfolk Club, of I'ost 94 of the Crand Arni\ of tile Repuljlic. ot the Sons of the Revo- lution, and has for many years been a deacon of the Congregational church in Canton. He was married on the ist of January, 186S, to Miss Fe- licia V'ining, daughter of Samuel A. Vining, of Holbrook. They have three living children : Abner 1 born in 1870), Samuel (born 1S761. ^ind ISenjamin (born 18781. .MOSFI.FA', S.XMUEL RcjKEKf, of Hyde Park, proprietor of the Norfolk Cotinty Gazette, is a natixe of ( )liio, born in Columbus, November 6, 1846, son of Thomas W. H. and Mary .\. ( Keckner ) Moseley. His grandparents were natives of \'irginia, and removed to Kentuckv in the early history of that State, where his parents were born. His father was a civil engineer and iron bridge builder, and during the Mexican war was adjutant-general of the State of Ohio. He was educated in the public grammar school. After leaving school, he entered the employ of the Moseley Iron Bridge and Roof Company of ISos- ton, and subsec|uently engaged in journalism. In S. R. MOSELEY. 1873 he became part proprietor of the Xorfolk County Gcjsettf (one of the oldest newspapers published in Norf(jlk Countv, established in MKN OK PROGRESS. 423 l)c(lliain in 1S13, and lenioxccl U> Hyde Park in ieach, September 11, 1857, son of William Donnell and Olive (Springer) Moulton. He is a descendant of Thomas Moulton, who came fnnn the town of Moulton, Norfolk County, Kngland, in 1635 and settled in Newbury, Mass. His father, born in N'ork, Me., in i8o8, was a prominent ship-builder at Wells for fort\- years, and built many vessels during that time. His mother was a native of Kennebunk. He was ed- ucated in the common and high schools, and first learned the ship carpenter's trade at Wells. When still a voung man. he followed the sea for two and a half years. Subsequently he worked some time at the house carpenter's trade in L)'nn and Boston. He came to Fitchburg in May, 1882, and. engaging in building operations, soon became a most successful contractor and builder. He is also prominent in the management of the Fitch- burg Co-operative Bank as a director and member of the investment committee. He early took an interest in municipal affairs, and in 1893 was elected mayor of the city for 1894. -After a most successful administration and a strict enforcement of the " no license " law, he was re-elected December 4 by the largest \ote ever cast for mayor in the history of the city. He is economi- cal, but progressive, and recognized by his con- stituiMits as clearlv a man of the people. In EDGAR S. MOULTON. the Voung Men's Chri'stian .\ssocialion, oi the Board of Trade, of the Merchants' .Association, of the Fitchburg Historical Society, and of the P'itchburg .Vthletic Club. Mayor Moulton was married October 16. 1893. to Miss Martha C. Cobli, of Fitchburg. N.\SH, Rev. Mei.vix Shaw, of North Han- over, pastor of the First Universalist Church of Norwell, was born in .Abington, August 3, 1857, son of Merritt and Betsey (Shaw) Nash. Start- ing with the training of the public schools of .Abington, he acquired a liberal education under private instructors and through extensive reading methodically pursued. He also attended courses at the Dartmouth Summer School of Science. His professional life was begun as a public school teacher, first in the .Abington schools (1877-78), and afterwards for thirteen years (from 1878 to 189 1) as principal of the Hanover High School. In 1 89 1 he entered into business relations with the Hon. Jedediah Dwelley, of Hanover, at the same time continuing literarv work, in which he 424 MEN OF PROGRESS. hnd engaged while teacliini;, and his .studies for the ministry. 'I'he next year, after ha\ing preached for two vears under a license fruui the MELVIN S. NASH. Massachusetts L'niversalist Convention, he was ordained as a minister in tlie rni\ersalist Church, and called to the pastorate of the Norwell society where he has since been settled. In 1894 he represented his district ( Hanover and Rockland) in the lower house of the Legislature, where he served on the committee on public health. In politics he is a Republican. He is active in public affairs, and concerned in educational and other interests in his town. He has been chair- man of the Hanover Library committee since 1888. He belongs to the order of Odd Fellows, a member of North River Lodge, in which he has served as noble grand. He is most interested in literary pursuits, in which he has spent the greater portion of his life thus far : and he is proud of the fact that so much of his success in literarv things has been due to his own efforts, he being to a great e.xtent a self-educated man. I\Ir. Nash was married ( )ctober 27, 1881, to Miss Josephine .S. Dwellev, of Hanover. Thev have no children. lirockton ). .September 22, 1S36, son of Washbiu'n and Hannah (Packard) Packard. He is de- scended from Samuel Packard, who came to this country from England among the earlier settlers : and on his mother's side from John .\lden of Pil- grim fame. He received his early education in common schools and academies, and studied out of school, reading somewhat of the classics, Greek and Roman, and taking French and German under native teachers. Some time after leaving school he worked with and assisted his father in the latter's business of shoe manufacturing, and then became a school-teacher. He was chosen principal of the Academy at Plympton about the vear i8jg, and served there two years, resigning in lS6i. He also taught in common schools. In 1862 he re-entered the shoe business, and contin- ued in it successfully- for a number of years. In iS6^, forming a copartnership with Oliver F. Leach, under the firm name of Leach & Packard, he engaged in the manufacture of shoes for the Southern and Western trade. This partnership held until 187 1, when it was dissolved, and Mr. Packard continued alone, manufacturing mainlv DeWITT C, PACKARD. for the New England trade, until 1879. Then PACKARD. l)iA\'!ir Ci.inidn, of lii'ockton. this business was gradually abandoned for the city clerk, was born in North llridgewater (now mortgage, brokerage, and real estate business, in MEN OF PROGRESS. 425 wliicli lie was engaged, until his election as citv clerk. Mr. Packard has been prominent in town and city affairs for a number of years, and has held numerous local positions. From 1S77 to 1888 he was a trustee and a member of the board for the management of the Public Library, f-'roni 1879 to 1883 he was a member of the School Committee. In 1880 he was a member of the committee of citizens chosen to prepare and obtain a city charter, in 1881 was chosen town clerk, and in 1882 elected city clerk, which posi- tion he has held continuously to the present time. Since 1875 he has held a commission as justice of the peace; in 1880 he was a United States census enumerator: in 1884 he was appointed bv the goxernor a commissioner to qualify civil offi- cers, and he has been an examiner under the Massachusetts Civil Service Rules since their adoption. In his youth he had some connection with the newspaper press, serving as a reporter on the North Bridgewater Gazette, and also oc- casionally contributing to the Boston Post, TraTft- Icr, Saturday Evening Gazette, the A'etc Rn^^Iaiul Fanner, and later to the Rural Xe^u Yorker. Mr. Packard was married January 5, 1865, to Miss Clarissa J. Leach, daughter of Oliver and Susannah ( Rowland) Leach. They have had two children: Clinton Francis and Clara Washburn Packard. n.C, and was graduated there in 1865. In August, 1865, he was promoted to the position of assistant surgeon, and was ordered on dutv to PAINE, A.MAsA ELi.iur, M.l)., of Brockton, was born in Truro, November 19, 1843. so'i of Aniasa and Susannah (Freeman ) Paine. On his father's side he is connected with the families of Paines and Smalls, and on his mother's side with the Freemans and Atwoods, who were among the first settlers of Cape Cod. He was educated in public school and academy, and prepared for his profession at the Harvard Medical School, which he entered in the spring of 1862. Enlisting in .August, 1862, in Company E, Forty-third Massa- chusetts Regiment, he was detailed for service in the regimental hospital, in which he was engaged until mustered out in the autumn of 1863. Re- turning to Harvard in October following, he remained there until June, 1864, when he re- ceived the appointment of medical cadet in the regular army. F'irst stationed at Mt. Pleasant Hospital, \\'ashington, D.C., he was some time in charge of the erysipelas ward. Meanwhile he attended the Georgetown College, Georgetown, A. ELLIOT PAINE. the One Hundred and Fourth Regiment, colored troops, stationed in South Carolina. His army service closed in February, 1866. Then he en- gaged in general practice, first in Wellfleet and Taunton, finally settling in North Bridgewater mow Brockton) in September, 1867. In Brock- ton he has served on the Board of Health two years ; and he has been medical e.xaminer for the P'irst Plymouth District since 1877. He was ]5resident of the Plymouth District Massachusetts Medical Society for i8gi and 1892, and is at present (1895) treasurer of the Massachusetts Medico-legal Society. He has been identified with the order of Odd Fellows since 1871, and has passed through the chairs of both lodge and encampment. He is also a member of Canton Nemasket, Patriarchs Militant, Independent Order of Odd F'ellows, of the Grand Army of the Repub- lic, of the Loyal Legion, and of the Commercial Club of Brockton. In politics he is a Republican. Dr. Paine was married May i, 1867, to Miss Lucie W. Ritter, of M'ashington, D.C. They have two daughters : Georgina L. and Claarlotte H. Paine. 426 MEN OF PROGRESS. I'IKRCE, JdHK ('.. benezer and Rebecca C. (Childs) Nel- son, of Middleborough, by whom he had seven children, five of whom are living. Mrs. Rich- mond died July 31, 1863. His second marriage was at New Bedford, December 15, 1864, to Miss .\bby ,S. Nelson, daughter of Deacon Nathaniel and Hannah (Smith) Nelson, of New Bedford, who died Julv 30, 1868. His third marriage was at New Bedford, November 2, 187 1, to Miss P'lizabeth E. Swift, daughter of Charles D. and .Marv H. (Crane) Swift of New Bedford. ROBINSON, David Fr.-\.\klix, of Lawrence, manufacturer, was born in New Hampshire, in the town of Fremont, December 10, 1829, son of David and Mary (Beedei Robinson. He was educated in the district school with six terms of private school, and trained for active life on the farm. He became a manufacturer of machine card clothing in 1857, beginning business on the first of April, .tnd has been successfully engaged in it since. He has always tried to avoid politi- cal office, but his fellow-citizens induced him to serve two terms in the city government, the first in 1875, as a member of the Common Council, and the second in 1887, as an alderman. He was eminent commander of the Bethany Coinmandery of Knights Templar in 1S69 and 1870, and ffom MKN OF PROGRESS. 431 i,SS4 to iS()o inclusive; and president of the Honu' ( lub from i88g to 1S94. He is also a nicniht-r of the Tuscan Lodge of I'Yeemasons. of D. FRANK ROBINSON. the Mt. Sinai Royal Arch Chapter, and of the Lawrence Council. He has been a resident of Lawrence since the ist of ^Lay, 184/, and always interested in the welfare of the city and its institu- tions. Mr. Robinson was married in June, 185 i, to Miss Eliza Ann Norris. They have had two children : Franklin N'ewton and Frederick Xorris Robinson. R(")SS, Geokcie IvisON, M.F)., of Canton, was born in the old Custoin House, Newport, R.I.. Ma\ J5. 1847. ^on of David and Mary (Ivison) Ross. His father was a native of Inverness, Scot- land, born in 181 2; and his mother was of Car- lisle, England, born the same year. His paternal grandfather, David Ross, was born in the High- lands of Scotland ; and his maternal grandfather, (ieorge Ivison, for whom he is named, was of the old family of Ivison, of Carlisle, a branch of which, settled in America, was represented in the firm of Ivison, Phinney, HIakeman, iV Co,, now Ivison, Phinney, & Co., New^ York City. His maternal grandmother was a Lancaster, which traces back to aristocratic blood : but, as there is no use for titles in this country, he has never taken the trouble to e.\amine this branch of his genealogical tree. He was educated in the com- mon schools, and at the age of eighteen gradu- ated from the mercantile department of the East Greenwich Academy, East (Greenwich, R.I. Then he became cashier for the firm of 15. A. Whitcomb iS: Co., Westminster Street, Providence, R.I.; but. not long after, his health being impaired, he left the city, and went to Danielsonville, ("onn., where he entered the grocery store of C. L. N'oung. Having a great desire for further study, he soon found his way back to the seminary, becoming a pupil in the academy at Suffield, Conn. His studies there completed, he engaged as clerk in the drug store of his brother-in-law, W. VV. \\'ood- ward, in Danielsonville ; and, in this work develop- ing an interest in drugs, he determined to enter the medical profession. Thereupon he went to \\'ash- ington University for special training, and gradu- ated there in 1876. He first established himself in Canterbury, Conn.; and in five years it was said by his brothers in the profession that he had the greatest drives of any physician in Windham County. In 1879 he performed the most e.xten- sive operation of skin-grafting on record, which brought him wide fame. The case was that of a boy of ten, who, by falling into a set-kettle of boiling water, had lost the skin of his left leg from the bend of the knee, and a part of the thigh, to the foot ; and it was described in the Aliihii^aii Medical Xeii's, May 10, 1880, as follows; "Dr. Ross was called, and suggested skin-grafting. . . . The question arose, would the boy be a cripple ; for. as time progressed, the leg became fiexed, and the raw surfaces of leg and thigh were growing together. The grafts grew firmly, and promised success. The problem to solve was how to straighten the leg. . . . The doctor made a box after the pattern of an old-fashioned fracture box, with a shaft, cog-wheel, and spring-catch attached. After placing the leg in this, he placed a stuft'ed pad over the knee, with a cord attached at either side running down around the shaft underneath the box, which projected from the sides. Every day after the operation of grafting was performed the crank was given a few extra turns, bringing the knee down into the box. This procedure was renewed every day for nine long weary months : but the grafts grew, the leg straightened, and the doctor succeeded. To-dav the boy has two good 432 MEN OF PROGRESS. legs, is strong and health)-, and a living monument to the doctor's patience, perseverance, and skill." This account was copied into the Scientific Atneri- can and newspapers generally ; and Dr. Ross re- ceived many letters from his professional brethren regarding it. In 1881 he made the discovery that hydrate of chloral was a specific in acute Bright's disease of the kidneys, and published it in the Ne7v Eu^Iaiici Medical Journal. Two years later Thomas \\'ilson, M.R.C.S., England, made the same discovery, and published it in the Ah'w York Medical Gazette. In 1883 Dr. Ross was appointed medical e.xaminer for his district, which position CEO. IVISON ROSS. he held until his removal to Canton in May, 1885. In 1888 he delivered the address before the Alumni Association of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, of which he had become an alumnus by the merging of the medi- cal department of Washington University into it in 1877. The same year (1888) he was made president of the Alumni Association. In politics Dr. Ross is a Republican, and was chairman of the Republican town committee for a number of years. He has never desired public office, and in 1883, when he was proposed for State senator, declined ; and, being asked to name the candi- date, named his nearest neighbor, Thomas G. (.'larke, wiio was promptly nominated and elected. In Canton he served several terms on the Board of Health. He is a Freemason, an Odd Fellow, a member of the Bunker Hill Monument Associa- tion, and a member of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. He enjoys a large and lucrative practice, keeps step with the times, continues to visit the hospitals and dispensaries weekly, and is in every way a progressive man. He was married first in 1872 to Miss Marion Ktta Underwood, daughter of .-Vlbert Underw'ood, of Danielsonville, Conn. She died in May, 1884, leaving two chil- dren, Margaret and Marion Etta, the latter an infant born three weeks before her death. He married second, in the autumn of 1885, Miss Ella E. Baker, daughter of PLustis Baker, of West Dedham. He lives in a beautiful home, which he has christened " Bonnie Doon." RUGGLES, Henry Ellis, of Franklin, mem- ber of the bar, was born in Boston, July 25, 1858, and became the adopted son of Calvin H. and Maria C. (Streeter) Ruggles. He was educated in the common and High schools of Upton, at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, and at Williston Sem- inary. Easthampton. He began the study of law with Judge .\. A. Putnam of U.xbridge, but was obliged, for financial reasons, temporarilv to suspend it, and to go to work in a straw shop. After he had become an overseer, he resigned, and resumed his studies with the Hon. George W. Wiggin, of Franklin, meanwhile teaching school, his wife also assisting in the family support by working in the straw shop. He was admitted to the bar on the i6th of January, 1888, and began practice in Franklin, where he has since been established. He has been active in local and State politics, as a Democrat, for a number of years, and has served on numerous special com- mittees in town affairs. For three years (1890- gi-92) he was town clerk of Franklin. He was elected to the lower house of the Legislature of 1892, and has been twice since a candidate, each time leading his ticket, the only Democrat elected from his district since 1857. During his term he served acceptably on the committees on water- supply, on probate and insolvency, and on revision of the judicial system of the Commonwealth (joint special committee), which sat through the recess. He is prominent in both the iMasonic and Odd Fel- lows orders, a thirty-second degree Mason, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 433 grand master of tlie Massachusetts Odd Fellows, having been deputy grand master in 1894, grand warden in 1S92, and grand guardian in 1 S89. He H. E. RUGGLES. belongs to the Excelsior Lodge, Freemasons of Franklin, and to King David Lodge, No. 71, Odd Fellows, the King Mountain Encampment, No. 71, and Lady F'ranklin Lodge, No. 66, Daughters of Rebecca. Other organizations of which he is a member are the Franklin Grange, Patrons of Hus- bandry, and the "\'oung Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, which he was among the earliest to join ; and he is a trustee of the Wildy Savings Rank of Boston. He was married September 8, iSSj. to Miss Carrie E. Douglass. She died Man h 1 1, 1894. He has no children. RUSSELL, Frederick William, M.D., of W'inchendon. was born in W'inchendon. lanuarv 27, 1845, son of Ira and Roannah (Greenwood) Russell. He belongs to the Lexington branch of the Russell family, being descended from William Russell, an English emigrant, who is known to have been living in Cambridge, with his wife, in 1645. His great-grandfather, Nathaniel Russell, was one of the first settlers of Rindire, N.IL. about 1762. His father. Dr. Ira Russell, born in Rindge in 18 14, served with distinction in the Civil War, as surgeon of the Eleventh Massachu- setts Regiment, brigade surgeon of Hooker's Brigade, surgeon of United States V'olunteers, and medical director, retiring at the close of tlie war as brevet lieutenant colonel. His maternal great- grandfather was Colonel Jacob Brown Woodbur_\ , who attained distinction in the War of the Revolu- tion as a man of great courage and endurance. His common school education was obtained in the High School at Natick : and his collegiate train- ing was at Harvard, which he entered after a few months at Vale, graduating with the class of 1869. Before entering college, he had nearly a year's e.xperience in the army as hospital steward (1862- 63 ) ; and the autumn following his graduation he entered the Medical School of Dartmouth College. In June, 1870, he was graduated from the medical department of the Lfniversity of New York City, and immediately entered general practice in com- pany with his father in Winchendon. The sum- mer of 1873 was spent at the Exposition and in the Medical School at Vienna. In 1S82 he be- FREDERICK W. RUSSELL. came actively associated with liis father in the care of the Highlands, a private hospital for the treatment of mental and nervous diseases; and so 434 MEN OF PROGRESS. continued until 1HS9, when lie Ijecame sole owner of the institution. He has been president of the Worcester North District Medical Society, and is a member of the American Medical Association, and of the New England Psychological Associa- tion. In addition to his professional work. Dr. Russell is interested in business enterprises, being the founder and a director of the Winchendon Electric Light and Power Company, and founder and president of the Winchendon Co-operative Bank ; and he has long been an active advocate of all public improvements in his community. He is chairman of the town Board of Health in Win- chendon, and has served on the School Committee. In politics he has always been a zealous working Republican, but has held no elective office. He is a member of the Boston Society of Natural His- tory, is connected with the Improved Order of Red Men, and belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic, the Loyal Legion, and the Sons of Vet- erans. Dr. Russell was married June 11, 1872, at Lancaster, to Miss Caroline Emily Marvin. They have had three children: Rowena Mary, Dorothea Marvin, and Walter Marvin Russell. S.AUNDERS, Danikl, of Lawrence, member of the bar for above half a century, was born in Andover, October 6, 1822, son of Daniel and Phabe Fo.xcroft (.Abbott) Saunders. His father was a woollen manufacturer in Andover, and was the founder of the city of Lawrence. On his mother's side he is a descendant of George -Abbott, one of the first settlers of Andover in 1643. His grandfather, Caleb Abbott, served with distinction in the Revolutionary army from the commencement to the end of the war, beginning at the battle of Hunker Hill and ending at the surrender of Burgoyne. Mr. Saunders's education was acquired at the old Franklin .Academy of North Andover and at Phillips (^.Andover) .Academy, and he read law in the office of his brother-in-law, the late Judge Jo- siah G. .Abbott, and at the Harvard Law School. He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar on the first day of January, 1845, and in January, 1S49, to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. Very early after his admission he took a leading position, and was employed by his clients to con- test their cases against N. J. and Otis P. Lord, Asahel Huntington, and Judge Perkins, the then leading lawyers of his time, and subsequently in an extensive practice with .Abbott, Endicott, Perry, Ives, Northend, and Thompson. He was a for- midable antagonist in a trial, and prepared his cases with much care, and tried them with great ability and skill, and was regarded by his contem- poraries as one of the ablest advocates in the countv. His practice was not confined to his own county ; but he tried many cases in other counties and outside of the State. He has repre- sented his district in both branches of the General Court, a member of the Senate in 185 1, and of the House of Representatives in 1859. He was mavor of Lawrence in i860, at the time of the fall DANIEL SAUNDERS. of the Pemberton Mills, which caused the death of a hundred persons. His executive ability on that occasion was so marked that it received recognition, and was favorably commented upon by the press generally. Politics, however, was not to his taste; and his election in 1859 to the Gen- eral Court was without his consent and against his express wishes. .As stated above, his father was the founder of Lawrence, a portrait of whom now hangs in the aldermanic chamber of the city, suit- ably inscribed " Founder of the City of Law- rence." This portrait was presented by Daniel and his two brothers, Charles W. and Caleb Saun- ders, the latter of whom has also been mavor of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 435 city. Accompanying the gift of the portrait was a letter from the givers, narrating in detail the dis- covery by their father of the water power of the Merrimac at this point, his labors in demonstrat- ing its utility before any capitalist or manufacturer dreamed of its existence, and his successful efforts in establishing the new manufacturing centre, which letter was filed witii tlic archives of the city. It relates that the elder Saunders's attention was called to the possibilities of a water power which might develop a great manufacturing town, by a profile plan of a survey of the river from Lowell to tide-water, made prior to 1830, — of which he had become possessed in 1832 or 1833, — provided the measurements of the various rapids as shown on the plan were correct. The object of this sur- vey was to ascertain the cost of building locks and canals around the several falls, so that boats with merchandise might pass up and down the river ; and, the expense being found larger than the then business of transportation would warrant, the mat- ter was dropped. To verify the plan of the survey, the elder Saunders himself, from time to time, made measurements of the several falls ; and, upon ascertaining that it was substantially correct, he set about purchasing lands along the river until he held the key to an enterprise which might be started for the development of this power. Having determined in his own mind what might be done, he sold out his woollen mills at North Andover and at Concord, N.H., and di- rected his whole energies in securing other lands which might be essential in controlling the water power. The letter continues: "This done, he dis- cussed with me (who was then a law student in the office of his nephew, the Hon. Josiah G. Abbott, of Lowell) the best mode of starting his long-cherished object of establishing a new manu- facturing town on the Merrimac. Long prior to this time Mr. Abbott had been the confidential and legal adviser of my father in this matter; and, outside of our own family, he was tiie only one cognizant of the extent of his plans. In 1837 Mr. .\bbott, then a member of the Legislature, pro- cured for my father an act incorporating the Shawmut Mills, so called, for the purpose of manufacturing cotton and woollen goods and ma- chinery at Andover. The charter of the company was purposely very brief and indefinite, not even naming the Merrimac Ri\er as a base of operation. My father desired this charter to pro- tect his interest in case any other jierson should discover the extent of the river power before he had completed his arrangements for its use. For good and obvious reasons his name was not men- tioned in the charter, the only persons named as grantees being Caleb Abbott, father of Judge Abbott, and a brother-in-law of my father, Arthur Livermore, a connection by marriage with Mr. Abbott, and John Nesmith, a friend and client of his, who allowed the use of their names without being then aware of the real intent and scope of my father's plans or of the purpose for which the company was chartered." As there was no occa- sion for the use of this charter, nothing was done under it. The next move, by advice of Mr. Abbott, was to bring the matter to the attention of some of the manufacturers and capitalists of Lowell. Accordingly, the real object of the char- ter of the Shawmut Mills was then disclosed to Mr. Nesmith, one of the grantors ; and Samuel Lawrence, of Lowell, was consulted. It was hard to convince either of these gentlemen that there was such a power as Mr. Saunders described ; but when, after many protracted interviews, he demonstrated the fact to them by showing the fall of the different rapids, the aggregate of which disclosed a power equal to that of Lowell, their doubts gave way to surprise. Inquiry was then made as to whether there was any good place for building a dam below Deer Jump Falls. These falls were a few miles below Lowell. Mr. Saun- ders pointed out two places suitable for locating a dam and building a town, — one at Peters' Falls, a few miles above the present dam, the other at Bodwell's Falls, the place where the dam is now located. Subsequently, a few other gen- tlemen were consulted; and it was soon decided to utilize the power which Mr. Saunders had dis- covered. For this purpose the Merrimac River Water Power Association was formed, Mr. Saun- ders at the head as manager, with Mr. Hopkinson (afterward Judge Hopkinson), Samuel Lawrence, John Nesmith, Daniel Saunders, Nathaniel Stevens, Jonathan Tyler, and Judge Abbott. As there were two places at which the new town might be located, Mr. Saunders advised the taking of bonds from the land-owners in both places by which they should agree to sell at a price about double the then value of their farms. In this way, he said, there would naturally spring up a rivalry between the places, and, when one had bonded his lands, he would be anxious that his neighbor should do likewise, and would use his 436 MEN OF PROGRESS. inrtuence to induce him lo do so. 'i'liis course was adopted ; and its wisdom was demonstrated by the fact that, with the exception of one or two small pieces, all the lands needed were secured in both places. The present site was finally selected, and the lands here bonded were purchased, in which purchase were included the lands formerly purchased by Mr. Saunders on his own account years before the company was formed. For these lands he only asked the price he had paid with simple interest added. The letter concludes : " We are grateful that Providence so prolonged his days that ho saw accomplished the purpose and labors of many years of his busy life, and to know that the seed which he had sown with anxious care had grown and ripened in a harvest equal to his expectations. He merits and well has the most prominent place in the early history of Lawrence." In national politics Mr. Saunders is a Democrat; in State politics, an Independent, not always supporting Democratic candidates ; and in municipal politics a supporter of the best men for office without regard to parties. He was married October 7, 1846, to Mary Jane Liver- more, daughter of Judge Edward St. Loe Liver- more. They have had two sons and three daugh- ters : Charles G., Mary L., Frederick A., .\nne G., and Edith St. Loe Saunders. phia, of the Massachusetts Homceopathic Society. and of other organizations. He was married in 1 86 1, in Easton, Penna., to Miss Lydia Cobb, SEII', Charles Lewis, M.D., of New Bedford, is a native of Pennsylvania, born in Easton, Octo- ber 16, 1842, son of Edward and Margaret Seip. He received a good education in the public schools of his native town, finishing with an aca- demic course in Philadelphia. His inclinations led him early to the study of medicine, in which he persevered ; and, after two years' preparatory work, he entered the Philadelphia School of .Vnatomy and Surgery, from which he graduated in due course. Later on, his studies were further pursued in the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia, where he was graduated with the regular degree of M.D. in March, 1882. He immediately began practice, first settled in the city of Philadelphia, and subsequently coming to Massachusetts has since successfully followed his profession in Middleborough and in New Bedford, becoming established in the latter city in 1886. He is now in the enjoyment of a large and success- ful practice. Dr. Seip is a member of the Homa-o- pathic Medical Society of the County of Philadel- CHAS. L. SEIP. daughter of Wilson and Mercy Cobb, of Middle- borough. Thev have no children. SHAW, Oliver, of Watertown, manufacturer, was born in Carver, February 5. 183 1, son of Joseph and Hannah (Dunham) Shaw; died in Watertown, December 26, 1894. He was a direct descendant of early settlers of Plymouth. He attained his education in the public schools. At the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to learn the moulder's trade, and worked at that trade for a number of years in Middleborough, East Bos- ton, South Carver, and Watertown. In 1863 he took charge of the Miles Pratt & Co.'s stove works, Watertown, as superintendent, and contin- ued in that capacity to the time of his death, a period of thirty-one years. From 1877. w'hen the Walker & Pratt Manufacturing Company suc- ceeded the firm of Walker, Pratt. & Co. (succes- sors of Miles Pratt & Co.), he was also a director of the corporation. He was one of the organizers of the Watertown Savings Bank in 1S72, and a trustee of the institution from its establishment: and he was president of the Union Market Na- MF.N OF PROGRESS. 437 tioiial l!anl< from 1883. He was long proniiiieiU in town nlfairs, and identified witii its interests, serxinir on tile IJoard of Selectmen for fifteen years ■^ST f send, May 9, 1851, son of Levi and Mary Jane (Fletcher) Sherwiii. His father was also a native of Townsend. and his mother was of Chelmsford. He was educated in the public schools of Groton (which became Ayer in 1871) and at Lawrence Academy, (Jroion, where he spent a year. At the age of fourteen he began work in a grocery store; and he has been in a store for most of the time since. When he reached his majority, he entered into partnership with his father in a general merchandise business, which lasted until the death of the latter in 1889; and since that time he has been in association with his brother. In 1S91 he became president of the Union Furni- ture Company of Ayer. He is also president of the trustees of the .Ayer Building Association, member of the North Middlese,x Savings Bank .Association, and a director in several other cor- porations. He has held the principal offices of the town, — member of the lioard of Selectmen for several years, and part of the time chairman of the board, assessor, member of the Sinking Fund Commission, member of the Board of Health, and auditor; and at the present time (1895) is a OLIVER SHAW. (1870 85), and its chairman for nine consecutixe years, finally voluntarily retiring, to the regret of many of the townspeople. He declined urgent solicitations to take office again until 1894, when lie consented to stand for State senator for his district, and was elected in the November elec- tion. From 1852 to 1857 he served in the State Militia as a member of Company K, Third Regi- ment : and during the Civil War he displayed his devotion to the Union cause in \-arious practical ways. In politics he was a stanch Republican. He was a member of the Middlesex Club of Bos- ton, and of the Village Club of Watertown. He was an attendant of the Methodist Episcopal church during his residence in Watertown. He was married September 16, 1855, to Miss Miranda .Atwood, of Carver. Their family con- sisted of four children : .Alton Elenore, Bradford 01i\er, Bartlett Ellis, and Charles Fletcher Shaw, the onlv sur\i\or of whom is Charles Fletcher. WM. U. SHERWIN. selectman, assessor, on the health board, and one SHERWIN, WiLLi.A.M Uaki, of -Vyer, mer- of the permanent incorporated tru.stees of the chant and manufacturer, was born in Town- .Ayer Library .Association. In 1893 he repre- 438 MEN OF PROGRESS. sented the town in the lower liouse of the Legisla- ture, where he served on the committee on federal relations. In politics he is a Republican, and has served as chairman of the Republican town com- mittee of Aver. He does not use tobacco or liquor in any form, and prides himself on his steady good health, having had no need of a physician for more than twenty years. Mr. Sherwin was married January 7, 1874, to Miss Mary F. Richardson, of Ayer, a native of Rich- mond, Me. They have three children : Charles E. (aged si.vteen years), Daisy G. (twelve years), and Hertha L. Sherwin (eight years). STILES, James Arthur, of Gardner, member of the bar, is a native of Fitchburg, born Septem- ber I, 1855, son of James F. and Ann Maria (Works) Stiles. He is in direct line of descent from Robert Stiles, born in England in 1637, who came to this country in 1637. His ancestors were mostly farmers. Jacob Stiles, the grandson of Robert, held a royal commission in the Ameri- can contingent ; and his son Jacob, born in / JAMES A. STILES. was educated in the Fitchburg High School and at Harvard, graduating in the class of 1877. He studied law in the office of Torrey & Bailey, Fitch- burg, and was admitted to practice in the courts of the Commonwealth in June, 1880, and in the LInited States courts in October following. He practised in Fitchburg till April, 1882, and then, entering into partnership with Edward P. Pierce, extended his practice to Gardner. The firm have since had a business of fair proportions in both places. Since i8gi Mr. Stiles has also been a special justice of the First Northern Worcester District Court. He has numerous other interests in Gardner : is connected with the Gardner Co- operative Bank, of which he has been treasurer from its foundation in 1889 ; the Gardner Electric Railway, treasurer since its foundation in 1894: and the Westminster National Bank, at present a director. He has been a director of the Levi Heywood Memorial Library Association since 1889 ; captain of the Gardner Boat Club since 1890, when it was founded ; and some time a mem- ber of the Park Club of Fitchburg, and of the •Academic Club of Gardner, an alumni association. In politics he is a Republican. He was for two years chairman of the Republican town committee of Gardner, and is now a member of the Mas- sachusetts Republican Club. Mr. Stiles was married June 9, 1887, to Miss Mary Lizzie Emer- son, of Claremont, N.H., who died May 18, 1888. He has one son : John Emerson Stiles. Lunenburg in 1737, and Jacob 2d's son Lincoln, were soldiers in the Re\olution, Lincoln, then a boy, acting as servant to his father. James A. STONE, Andrew Cooi.inoE, of Lawrence, judge of the Police Court, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Marlborough. Cheshire County, May 16, 1839, son of Aaron and Mar\' (Ward) Stone. He was educated in the public schools, at Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, N.H., and at Phillips (E.xeter) Academy, gradu- ating from the latter in i860. He came to Law- rence, and began the study of law with the Hon. Daniel Saunders in 1861, but early in 1862 closed his books, and enlisted for the Civil War as a pri- vate in the Thirty-third Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, with which he served three years. At the close of the war he established himself tempo- rarily in Ashtabula, Ohio, where he resumed his law studies, and in 1S67 was admitted to the Ohio bar. Returning to Massachusetts, he was admitted to the Essex bar in March the same year, and began practice in Lawrence. His progress was MEN OF PROGRESS. 439 steady and substantial, and within a few years he had attained a leading place among Lawrence lawyers. In 1SS5 he was made cit\- solicitcjr, And dent. Judge Stone was married at Ashtabula, Ohio, January 19, 1869, to Miss Mary V. Hul- bcrt, daughter of Jo.seph I), and laicinda (Halli Hulbert of that place. 'I'hey have no children. TOLMAN, William, of Pittsfield, insurance agent, was born in Lanesborough, June 2, 1858, son of Albert and Jane A. ('rower) Tolman. His father, son of Captain Stephen Tolman, of Dorchester, was a well-known school-teacher, prin- cipal for ten years of tlie High School in Pitts- field ; and his mother was a daughter of Justus Tower, of Lanesborough, a prominent man in that town, and its representative in the General Court in 1S68. The family moved to Pittsfield when he was a boy of ten years. He attended the public schools there until he reached the age of fourteen, when he became a clerk in the Agricultural Bank. Six years were spent in this employment, during which time he applied all his spare moments to preparation for college. In the autumn of 1878 he entered Williston Seminar)-, and, graduating therefrom with honors in 1880, entered Williams, ANDREW C. STONE. two years later (in January, 1887) was raised to his present position as justice of the Police Court of Lawrence. An earnest Republican, he early became active in party affairs. During the pres- idential campaign year of 1884 he was chairman of the Republican city committee, member of the Repuljlican State Committee, and delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago. He has served two terms in the Lawrence Common Council (1870-71), president of tliat body the sec- ond year, and two terms in the State Senate (1880-82), during both terms as senator an influ- ential member of the committees on the judiciary and on railroads. He is prominent in the Ma- sonic order, past master of Phctnician Lodge of Lawrence, member of the Mount Sinai Royal Arch Chapter, member of the Bethany Commandery, past senior grand warden and permanent member of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. In the Grand Army he was commander of Post 39 at Lawrence in 1881, and judge advocate on the staff of the commander of the department of wliere he spent three years, being obliged to lea\e Massachusetts for 1888. He is a member of the at the end of his junior year by failing health. Home Club of Lawrence, and its present presi- At both seminary and college he paid his own ex- WILLIAM TOLMAN. 440 MEN OF PROGRESS. peiiscs. During- the tirst year after leaving col- lege he worked in different national banks of the county. Then in 1884 he was appointed special agent of the Berkshire Life Insurance Company for Western Massachusetts, and since that time he has been actively and successfully engaged in the business of this office. In 1894 he repre- sented the Fourth Berkshire District in the Leg- islature, serving on the committee on education and taking an active part in legislation. Among his most effective efforts on the floor was his argu- ment in favor of Pittsfield as the place for the new State Normal School. He was called the " cyclone orator of the House." The nomination as representative came to him entirely unsolicited : but, after he had accepted it, he worked zealously for success, and he had the satisfaction of receiv- ing the largest vote of any representative candi- date in the district, which is naturally Demo- cratic. Although an earnest Republican, he votes on all questions according to the dictates of his conscience and exactly as he believes to be right. He is a member of the Business Men's Associa- tion of Pittsfield, and of the Crescent Lodge of Masons, in which he holds official position. He is unmarried. TUCKER, Geor(;k Henry, of Pittsfield. county treasurer of Berkshire County, was born in Lenox, September 12, 1856, son of George ]. and Harriet (Sill) Tucker. His grandfather, Joseph Tucker, a lawyer, was county treasurer from 1813 to 1847, and register of deeds from 1 80 1 to 1847 ; and his father, also a lawyer, suc- ceeded to both positions, holding the former from 1847 to September, 1878 (the date of his death), and the latter during the same period, with the exception of six years, when the statute made it incompatible to hold both offices. His paternal grandmother was Lucy (Newell) Tucker, of Lenox. His maternal grandfather, Thomas Sill, was of Middletown, Conn. George H. was educated in the Lenox High School in the old Academy build- ing, and at the Pittsfield High School, where he fitted for college. He entered Williams in 1874, but in November, 1876, was obliged to leave on accoinit of the illness of his father, and to take up the hitter's duties as county treasurer. Subse- quently, however, in 1884, Williams College gave him his degree, and put him back with his class, although he did not graduate. Mr. Tucker re- mained in his father's office until the hitter's death in 1S78 (at the age of seventy- four), when he was appointed to the vacancy for the unexpired term ; and he has held the office through re-elec- tions successively from that time to the present. In 1882 he became a partner in the wholesale dye-wood house of John T. Power & Co., of Pitts- field, which in 1885 became Dutton &: Tucker, and has since so remained. In 1886 he was made director of the Berkshire Life Insurance Company of Pittsfield. in 1892 a director of the Third National Bank of Pittsfield; and he is a director in various other corporations and a trus- GEORGE H. TUCKER. tee of several estates. He is prominent in the Masonic order, having been a master of the Crescent Lodge of Pittsfield three terms (1883- S4--85). deputy grand master of the Fifteentii Masonic District three years (1886-87-88), and being now (1895) commander of the Berkshire Commandery, Knights Templar, first raised to this position in 1893. He is a member of the Business Men's Association, and was the treasurer of the organization from 1882 to 1890; and he is a member of the University Club of Boston. He was married September 7, 1892, to Miss Mary Talcott Briggs, daughter of General Henrj- S. MEN OF PROGRESS. 441 Briggs, ;uul ^land-dauglitei of Governor (ieorge N. Briggs. TUCKER, Jo.SEi'H. of Pittsfield, ex-lieutenant governor of the Commonwealth, and present jus- tice of the District Court of Central Berkshire, was born in Lenox, August 21, 1832, eldest son of George |. and Eunice (Cook) Tucker. His father was the second son of Joseph Tucker, who was the son of John Tucker who came to Stock- bridge from Lester in \\'orcester County about 1770. Joseph '{"ucker, the grandfather, was elected treasurer of Berkshire County in 18 12 and re-elected until his death in 1847, "hen he was succeeded by his son, George J., who held the office till his death in 1878, and was suc- ceeded by his youngest son George H., who now holds the office. Thus the grandfather, son, and grandson have held this important office, by popular election for eighty-two years. [See Tucker, George Henry.] Joseph Tucker, the present, was prepared for college at the Lenox Academy : and, entering the sophomore class of Williams in 1849, graduated with it in 185 i. He at once began the study of law in the office of Rockwell & Colt in Pittsfield, and passed a year in the Harvard Law School ; and he was admitted to the Berkshire bar in 1854. After a short so- journ in Detroit and Chicago he opened a law office in St. Louis, Mo., and was gradually build- ing up a good business, when illness compelled a return to the East. He left St. Louis in the autumn of i860 with the intention of returning in the following spring ; but the outbreak of the Civil War prevented, and instead he opened an office in Great Harrington. There he remained until September, 1862, when he enlisted in the Forty-ninth Regiment, Massachusetts A'olunteers, and became first lieutenant of Company D. Li December following he w'as appointed acting as- sistant adjutant-general of the troops of Banks's Expedition, in New York City; and, soon after the arrival of his regiment in Louisiana, he was appointed an aide on the staff of the P'irst Brigade, First Division, Army of the Gulf. On the 21st of May, 1863, while doing statT duty, in the battle of Plains Store, near Port Hudson, La., he was wounded by a shell in the right knee, necessitat- ing amputation of the right leg. As soon as pos- sible he came homt; : and in November Governor .■\ndrew appointed him superintendent of recruit- ing in Berkshire County. His public career began as a member of the General Court, to which he was elected to represent Great Barrington in 1865. During 1866 and 1867 he represented Southern Berkshire in the State Senate, taking an influential part in the important legislation of those years. In 1868 Chief Justice Chase appointed him United States register in bankruptcy for the Tenth Massachusetts Congressional District. From 1869 to 1872 inclusive he was lieutenant governor of the Commonwealtii. three years with Governor Claflin and one year with (Governor Washburn. In 1873 he was appointed justice JOSEPH TUCKER. of the District Court of Central Berkshire, and has held this position continuously from that date. Since 1892 he has been president of the Berkshire County Savings P.ank, the oldest and largest sav- ings bank in that county ; and he is also presi- dent of the Pittsfield Electric Street Railway. F'or the last three years he has been chairman of the School Board of Pittsfield. In December. 1894, he was elected Commander of W. W. Rock- well Post, (irand Army of the Republic. Judge Tucker was married September 20, 1876, to Miss Elizabeth Bishop, daughter of Judge Henry W. and Sarah (Buckley) Bishop, of Lenox. Mrs. Tucker died February 12. 1880, leaving no children. 442 MEN OF PROGRESS. 'I'L'CKER. Wii.i.iAM Emerson, M.D., of Ips- wich, was born in Salisbury, near Amesbury, Essex County, Marcii 7, 1849, son of Ebenezer and Ethelinde (Wadleigh) Tucker. His paternal grandfather, James Tucker, was a fanner, and his maternal grandfather. Henry \\'adleigh, a ship- builder. His general education was acquired in the public schools of Amesbury and by private in- structor, and he studied medicine at the Harvard Medical School, at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York City, and at the Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn. L. I., taking his degree at the latter in 1870. Beginning the prac- W. E. TUCKER. tice of his profession in October following his graduation, in Ipswich, he has remained there ever since, engaged in a large and successful business. In July, 1888, he was appointed medical examiner for his district, which position he still holds. Since 1888 he has also been attending physician to the Essex County House of Correction. He has served two terms, 1880-81, on the School Board of Ipswich. He is a member of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society and of the Massachu- setts Medico-legal Society. He has been con- nected with the Masonic fraternity since 1872. a member of the John T. Heard Lodge, and has been an Odd Fellow since 1875. member of the Agawam Lodge. Dr. Tucker is unmarried. WASHBURN, George Albert, of Taunton, banker, was born in Swansea, February 5, 1836. son of George and Diana Northam (Mason) \\'ash- burn. and moved to Taunton in 1841, where he has since lived. He is a direct descendant on the paternal side of John and Margaret Washburn, who came to Duxbury. New England, from Stratford on .Avon, England, in 1632. John ^\'ashburn was a member of Captain Myles Standish's company, was one of the original purchasers of ancient Bridgewater. and was the ancestor of all of the Washburns of Massachusetts, including the noted family, children of Israel Washburn, of Maine. ( )n the maternal side Mr. Washburn is descended from Sampson Mason, who fled to New England on the ascent of Charles II. to the throne of Eng- land, having been in Cromwell's army, settled in Rehoboth, and whose descendants for one hun- dred and eight years were known as the " Mason Elders," and were pastors for that period from father to son of the first Baptist church in Massa- chusetts. He was educated in the schools of Taunton, public and private. At the age of six- teen he entered the store of .Albert G. Washburn, in Taunton, dealer in hardware, iron, and steel, and thence went into the employ of Wood i\: Washburn in the same business, with whom and their successors he remained a number of years. He became a member of the firm in 1857, when it was known as Hunt, Harris, & Co., and so con- tinued, subsequently under the name of John Hunt & Co., till .April 16, 1861. Then, on the first call for troops for the Civil War, he left his business, and enlisted in the L'nited States service. He went out as sergeant of Company G, Fourth Regiment. Massachusetts Volunteers, the first company to leave Taunton, and also the first com- pany of the first regiment to leave Massachusetts, for the front, arriving at P'ortress Monroe April 20. By an interesting coincidence his grand- father, Isaac Washburn, was in the first company (a •• minute-man "' I to leave Taunton April 19, 1775, and airi\ed at his destination .Vpril 20. 1775. He served three months to the end of his term, and then at once re-entered the service as first lieutenant in Henry Wilson's Regiment, the Twenty-second Massachusetts Volunteers, for three years. He was attached to the first division. First Brigade, Fifth .Army Corps, .Army of the Potomac. He was wounded in the battle of Ciaines's Mill, Va., June 27, 1862, and taken pris- oner; was some time in Libbv Prison. Subse- MEN OF PROGRESS. 443 quciUly he was promoted to a captaincy to date Austin, of Brockton). Edgar Reed, Elliott (now from July II, 1862. He was mustered out to date a practising physician), and Charles Oodfrey from January 5, 1863, and received official notice Washburn (now a law student at Boston Univer- sity). WELLS, Danikl Whmk, of Hatfield, farmer, is a native of Hatfield, born April 17, 1842, son of Elisha and Louisa (Field) Wells, of Hatfield. He is a descendant of Hugh Wells, of Wethers- field, Conn., one of the first settlers there, in direct line from his son Thomas, who came to Hadley in 1660. He was reared on his fatlier's farm, and educated .' in the common schools. Subsequently he engaged in farming on his own account, and followed the occupation of a farmer successfully for a quarter of a century. He has been for many years prominent in town affairs, and represented the Third Hampshire District two terms in the Crcneral Court (1883- 84), the second term serving on the joint com- mittee on taxation. He has also been a direc- tor of the First National Bank of Northampton for sixteen years, and president of the trustees of the Smith Charities in Northampton for four GEORGE A. WASHBURN. of discharge March 8, 1863. On the very next day he was elected treasurer and collector of taxes of Taunton ; and this office he held for twenty-nine years in succession, resigning on the 24th of December, 1891, to assume the duties of presi- dent of the Taunton National Bank. Other nui- nicipal offices which Mr. Washburn has from time to time held are those of clerk of the Overseers of the Poor (from 1865 to 1882 inclusive), mem- l)er of this board (1883 to March, 1891), clerk of the Board of Assessors (1869-75), member of tlie City Council (1892-93-94), and secretary and treasurer of the Board of Sinking Fund Commis- sioners (1878 to 1892). He is at present (1895) secretary of the latter board. He is a trustee of the Morton Hospital, trustee of the Taunton Sav- ings Bank, and member of the Investment Com- mittee, and a director of the Taunton Street Rail- wav Companw He was married first to Miss Elizabeth Gordon Pratt, daughter of Nathan and Lydia Pratt, and second to Miss Ellen Dutton Reed, daughter of Edgar Hodges and Ellen Au- gusta Reed. He has one daughter and three sons: Harriet Mason mow wife of Cliarles .\. DANIEL W. WELLS. years. He served in the Civil War, enlisting as a private in Company K, Fifty-second Regi- ment, Massachusetts Volunteers, in 1862. He 444 MEN OF PROGRESS. is a iiicnibLT of Post 86, (iiand Army of the Republic, and of the Resolute Grange of Hat- field. In politics he is a Democrat. Mr. Wells was married October ig, 1875, to Miss Hannah A. Belden, of Hatfield. They have had two children: Reuben Field and Louisa I'.elden Wells. WHEEl.RR, John Wilson, of Orange, man- ufacturer, is a native of Orange, anfl has always resided there with the exception of a year or two spent in Fitchburg. He was born November 20, 1832, the second of nine children of Wilson and JOHN W. WHEELER. Catherine ( Holmes Warden) Wheeler. His edu- cation was attained in the public schools. For a year or two after his majority he worked as a car- penter. F^rom 1856 to 1862 he was employed in a general store in Orange. Then for a few months he was occupied in the claim agency busi- ness, and in 1863 he entered mercantile business on his own account. Four years later, at the age of thirty-five, associating himself with others, he engaged in the manufacture of sewing machines, under the firm name of A. F. Johnson & Co. In 1869 a corporation was organized in place of the firm under the name of the Gold Medal Sewing Machine Compan\-, b)- which the business was known until 1882, when the corporate name was changed to the New Home Sewing Machine Com- pany. From the start Mr. Wheeler has been the financial manager and one of the controlling spirits of the enterprise ; and it has grown from small beginnings until now it employs nearly six hun- dred men, and turns out nearly four hundred fin- ished machines a clay. In January, 1881, he was elected a trustee of the Orange Savings Bank, and five years later was made president, which position he has since held. He has also been one of the directors of the Orange National Bank since June, 1880 ; in January, 1888, was elected vice-president, and in January, 1894, president. In 1891 he was elected president of the Boston Mutual Life Association of Boston. He was chosen president of the Worcester North-west Agricultural and Mechanical Society at .Athol in December, 1890 ; and in 1893 was elected presi- dent of the Orange Board of Trade. In politics Mr. Wheeler is a Republican, and has been called by his fellow-citizens to various positions of re- sponsibility and honor. From 186 1 to 1867 he served as town clerk, in 1866 was one of the selectmen of the town, and in 1876 was elected a member of the Legislature. In t888 he was a delegate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago which nominated President Harrison. He is a prominent Mason, one of the founders of Orange Lodge, organized in 1859, its first secre- tary, afterwards its treasurer ; a charter member and first treasurer of Crescent Royal Arch Chap- ter, organized in 1884; and a charter member of ( )range Commandery of Knights Templar, or- ganized in 1894. Mr. Wheeler was married in Orange, October 9. 1856, by the Rev. Hosea Ballou, to Miss .Mmira E. Johnson, daughter of Daniel and .\lmira (Porter) Johnson. Three chil- dren have been born by this union, but only one survives : Marion L., now wife of John B. Welch. Mr. Wheeler resides about a mile from Orange Village on his " Grand View Farm," where, while still closely attending to business, he finds recrea- tion in breeding fine horses and cattle, to which pleasant and interesting occupation he devotes a large share of his leisure time. W'IGGIN, Charles E., of Haverhill, banker, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Durham, November 29, 1843, son of 'i'homas and Caroline F. (Voung) Wiggin. He is a direct de- MEN OF PROGRESS. 445 scenclant of Governor Thomas W'iggin, who came from the west of England in 163 1, and settled in Strathain. N.H. He was educated in the public ( Richards) Wood. His father was of Brooktield, and his mother of Hopkinton. He was educated in the public schools of Worcester, and, soon after, leaving the High School at the age of eighteen, entered the volunteer army, enlisting in the Thirty- sixth Massachusetts Regiment. His regiment was in the field two years and eleven months, and saw hard service, participating in fully twenty-five engagements, including Fredericksburg, Antietam, \'icksburg, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, and the Crater, in all of which he had a part. At Cold Harbor he was struck in the right shoulder by a rifle-ball and sent to the hospital, but he managed to escape and rejoin his regiment. He also sufTered from two severe fevers contracted through exposure and hardships in the field. Returning to Worces- ter at the close of the war at the age of twenty-one, he entered a business college, from which he grad- uated in March, 1866, at the head of his class. Then he engaged in active business, and was for several years intimately associated with various industries of W'orcester. But his one ambition was to enter the legal profession ; and. finally aban- CHAS. E. WIGGIN. schools of South IJeruick and at Phillips ( Exeten Academy, graduating in 1865. His active life was begun as a clerk in the Merrimack National liank. in which he spent a year. Then he en- gaged in the shoe business, and on the ist of January, 1869, began the manufacture of shoes. In this branch he continued successfully for up- wards of twenty years, retiring in November, rSQr. Since that time he has confined himself mostly to his banking interests. He is now I 1895) president of the Haverhill Safe Deposit and Trust Company, president of the Merchants' National Bank, and treasurer of the Haverhill Electric Company. He is a member of tlie Ha- verhill Commanderv of Knights i'emplar. and of the Pentucket Club. Mr. Wiggin was married November 25. 1869, to Miss Sarepla Churchill, of Lowell. They have two children : May C. and Alice C. \\'iggin. ""►■•i i) CHARLES W. WOOD. WOOD. Chaki.ks Watson, of Worcester, mem- doning business, he applied himself energetically bcr iif the Worcester bar, is a native of Worcester, to study for it. reading in the law office of Rice \- born June 26. 1844, son of AVatson I., and Mary Blackmer, and in March, 1882, was admitted to 446 MEN OF PROGRESS. the Worcester bar. He rose rapidly in the pro- fession, and soon secured a large and lucrative practice. Early in his career he became a mem- ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has been among the foremost in advancing its interests. It was largely due to his energy and influence that the Odd Fellows' Home was established in Worcester, and it is a peculiar satis- faction to him to see it placed near what was for- merly his father's estate. On the occasion of the laying of the corner-stone he was chief of staff. He has been frequently called upon to deliver ad- dresses before the order on other important and special occasions. He is now a member of the Grand Lodge and a past grand of Central Lodge. No. 1 68, having occupied the various minor of- fices. He is also connected prominently with nu- merous other fraternal societies, among them the Bay State Commandery, No. 151, Knights of Malta, of which he is Sir knight commander, Reg- ulus Lodge, No. 71, Knights of Pythias, and Com- monwealth Council, No. 3, of the .Vmerican Me- chanics. He belongs to the Grand .\rmy of the Republic, member of Post No. 10; is commanding officer of the W. S. Lincoln Command, No. 18, Union Veterans Union ; and major-general, com- manding the department of Massachusetts of the latter order, elected to the headship at the annual department convention held in \\'orcester in Octo- ber, 1894. General Wood was first married in March, 1867, to Miss Eugena K. Arnold, of Lan- caster, who died January 2. 187 1, leaving two children. He married second, June, 1872, Miss Lottie C. \\'etherell, of Hardwick, who died, child- less, in April, 1873 ; and third, July 7, 1875, Miss Lizzie M. Burr, who is still living. He has one son and three daughters: Charles H. (born July 2, i868j, a graduate of the Boston University Law School, and now associated with him in his law practice: Clara Eugena (born September 18. 1870), now the wife of F. L. Gaines, of Greenfield; Florence L. B. (born December 6, 1876); and Grace E. R. Wood (born August 11, 1880J. PART VI. Al'.l!()| r, Ji_)HN EnwAKii, of Wiittrtowii, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, and having his law ofilice in Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Norridge- wock, November jo, 1845, son of John S. and Kli/abeth 'I'. (Allen) Abbott. On the paternal JOHN E. ABBOTT. side he is descended (being in the eighth geneia- tion) from George Abbott, who emigrated from \'orkshire, Eng., and settled in Andover, Mass., about 1643; and on the maternal side (in the tenth generation) from George Allen, who came from England in 1635. <^"d fi""^' settled in Saugus, in 1637 removing to Sandwich, where he lived until his death in 1648. Mr. Abbott's father, the Hon. John S. .Abbott, was for thirty years a promi- nent lawyer in Maine, at one time attorney-general of the State. Removing to Massachusetts in i860, he made his home in Newton until 1875, and practised law in Boston from i860 until his death in 1881. The well-known authors, Jacob Abbott and John S. C. .Abbott, were cousins of John S. Abbott. The mother of John E. Abbott, Elizabeth Titcomb (Allen) Abbott, daughter of William Allen of Norridgewock, was a woman of unusual culture and refinement. She died in the prime of life, greatly lamented. Two of her brothers, the Rev. Stephen .-Mien, D.I)., and the Rev. Charles F. Allen, D.I)., became prominent in Maine as clergymen of the Methodist denomina- tion. John E. Abbott's early education was ac- quired in public schools in Norridgewock and in Newton, until 1862. He was subsequently fitted for college at Allen's Classical School, West New- ton, and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, Kent's Hill, Me. He first entered Yale in the class of 1869 ; and, at the end of the first term there, entered Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., where he graduated in 1869. After graduation he taught for two years in G. W. (_'. Noble's private school in Boston, and studied law in the office of his father. He was admitted to the Suf- folk bar in 1872, to the United States Circuit Court for the District of Massachusetts in 1874, to the New York Supreme Court and United States Circuit and District Courts for the Southern District of New York in 1877, and to the United States Supreme Court in 1885. From 1872 to 1876 he practised law in Boston in partnership with his father, from 1876 to 1879 was a mem- ber of the law firm of Abbott Brothers, New N'ork City, and since 1880 has practised alone in Boston. He was a member of the Legislature in 1893 and 1894, representing the towns of Water- town and Belmont, and during his second term was chairman of the committee on bills in the third reading. He is a member of the Episco- palian Club, of the Middlesex Club, of the Water- town Historical Society, and of sundry other asso- ciations. He was married June 12, 1878, to Miss Alice G. Cochrane, daughter of the Hon, M. H. 44« MEN OF PROGRESS. Cochrane, of Compton. ("anada, senator in the Dominion Parliament. I'hey have four children ; Charles M.. Mabel L.. Harriette F., and Eleanor A. Abbott. ABRAHAM, Fekimnanm), of Boston, pioneer manufacturer of meerschaum goods, is a native of Germany, born March 28, 1844. He was edu- cated in public schools and through private les- sons, and was well trained in mercantile business in Frankfort and Mayence, Germany, before he came to this country. He first started business in Boston in October, 1868, as a tobacconist, es- tablished at the South End, on the corner of Washington and Union Park Streets. Beginning in a small way, he early developed a special trade in meerschaum goods, and expanded his business in other directions. In 1879 he removed down town to No. 25 Court Street, and about ten years later (in 1888) leased the adjoining store, e.xtend- ing to Franklin Avenue, making of the two one store, the largest retail store in this branch of trade in the city. He has become the largest his factory at the foot of State Street. Mr. Abra- ham is prominent in the Masonic, Odd Fellows, and other orders, holding numerous positions. He is a I'Veemason, member of the Germania Lodge, the Lafayette Lodge of Perfection, Giles F. Yates Council, Princes of Jerusalem, Mount Olivet Chapter Rose Croix, Massachusetts Con- sistor)-, thirty-second grade, and Aleppo 'I'emple. Mystic Shrine; in the Order of Odd Fellows is a past grand of the Herman Lodge, and a past chief patriarch and past high priest of Mount Sinai En- campment ; and in the Royal Arcanum a past regent of the Sumner Council. He is also a past president of the Moses Mendelssohn Lodge, No. 25, Independent Order Free Sons of Israel, now- representative of this lodge to the L'nited States Grand Lodge ; and a member of the executive committee of the latter organization. Other or- ganizations to which he belongs are the German Turnverein, the Hebrew Benevolent Association, the Home for the Aged and Infirm, the German Aid Society, and the Temple Adath Israel. He has for some years been a notary public and jus- tice of the peace, Mr. Abraham was married .November 18, 1868, to Miss Jette Jeselsohn. They have had five children. 'l"he eldest son, Leopold Abraham, is in business with his father, admitted to the firm in February, 1894, and is also a notary public and justice of the peace. He is ex-president of the Roxbury Bicycle Club, and treasurer of the Associated Cycling Clubs of Bos- ton and \icinitv. ALDEN, Geijrce Dennv, of Bridgewater, justice of the Fourth Plvmouth District Court, was born in ISridgewater, July 29, 1866, son of John C. and Mary (Car\er) Alden. He is in the eighth gen- eration from John Alden, of the " Mayflower's " passengers ; and on the maternal side in the eighth generation from Governor John Carver. His paternal grandfather was the Rev. Seth Alden, graduate of Brown L'niversity in 18 14, and settled in Marlborough for a number of years ; and his paternal grandmother was the daughter of the Re\'. John Miles, and sister of the present Rev. Dr. Henry A. Miles, of Hingham. His ma- ternal grandfather was Eleazer Carver, of Bridge- water, who founded the Carver Cotton Gin Works manufacturer of meerschaimi goods in New Eng- in that place, still well known. George D. was land, and also an extensive manufacturer of educated in the public schools of Bridgewater, at smokers' articles of various sorts, and of cigars, at the Boston Latin School, and the academy at Sax- F. ABRAHAM. MKN OF 1'RU(;KKSS. 449 Ion's River, Vt., where he gradiuited in 1^185. With- out attending college, he began preparation for his profession, entering at once the Boston Unixersity GEO. D. ALDEN. Law School. After a year here he became a stu- dent in the law office of Morse & Allen, Boston. .\ year later he returned to the Law School, taking the middle and .senior year, and graduated with his class in 1888, receiving the degree of LL.B. He was admitted to the bar soon after his graduation, and immediately began practice in Iioston, where he has since been established, doing a good and growing general business. He has been quite active in politics, having been on the stump every year up to the present, since 1888, when he made many speeches for the ticket of Cleveland and Thurman. He was first nomi- nated for the position of judge of the Fourth Dis- trict Court of Plymouth County by Governor Rus- sell in 1 89 1, to fill a vacancx' ; but the Republican Executive Council refused confirmation. After waiting a few weeks, his name was again sent in, and was again rejected. The governor refusing to make any other appointment that year, the po- sition remained vacant until March, 1892, when he was for the tliird time nominated, and this time confirmed. He has held the position ever since, continuing also his practice in Boston, where he is associated with Samuel M. Child, with offices in Rogers's Building. In the autumn of 1891 he received the nomination for representative in the Legislature for the district comprising Bridge- water, East Bridgewater, and West Bridgevvater, a district which has never sent a Democrat to the General Court, and overwhelmingly Republican. He made a notable run, coming within a very few votes of election. He is a member of the University Club of Boston. He is not married. AMES, Fr.\nk. Mdrton, of Boston and Can- ton, was born in Easton, August 14, 1833, son of ( )akes and Eveline O. (Gilmore) Ames. He is in the direct line of descent from William Ames, born at Bruton, Somersetshire, England, settled in Braintree in 1635, the line running: John, settled at West Bridgewater, Thomas, Thomas John, Oliver and Oakes Ames. He was educated in the public schools of Easton and at the Leicester and .Vndover academies. After com- pleting his education, he entered the famous shovel works of Oliver Ames & Sons at North Easton, and there spent several years acquiring a practical knowledge of the details of the manu- facture and an intimate acquaintance with the business management. He moved to Canton in 1858 to take charge of the business of the Kinsley Iron & Machine Company (owned by the Ames family), and ultimately became the principal owner of the works. Meanwhile he became con- nected with railroad and other interests. He was for several years trustee in possession and mana- ger of the New Orleans, Mobile &: Texas Rail- road; and is now a director in various corpora- tions, and president of several, among others the Lamson Consolidated Store Service Company. He is interested in the cultivation and manufact- ure of sugar, and has a plantation of over twelve thousand acres, situated on the west bank of the Mississippi, directly opposite the city of New ( )rleans, where he usually has under cultivation about fifteen himdred acres of sugar cane, and a large area of corn, several hundred acres of the remaining portion being used for grazing. Mr. .\mes has been active in public affairs, and has represented Canton in both branches of the General Court. He was a member of the House of Representatives in 1869, and again in 1882, and a senator in 1885, declining a re-election. 450 MEN OF PROGRESS. W'liile in the House, he served on the committee on railroads : and in the Senate was a member of the committees on drainage and on manufact- ures, and chairman of a special committee on the subject of a metropolitan police ; and it was largely through his efforts that the present Hoard of Police for Boston was established. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and was a delegate to the iNational Republican Convention at Chicago in 1884. In early life he was connected with the State militia, joining it in 1853 as sergeant major of the Second P)attalion Infantry, which afterward became the Fourth Regiment. From this rank F. M. AMES. he was promoted first to quartermaster, and then in 1857 to major, which position he resigned in i860. He is a member of the Merchants' Club of Boston, of the Boston Merchants' Association, of the Home Market Club, the Unitarian Club, the Boston Art Club, and of several political clubs. He was married November 13, 1856, to Miss Catherine H. Copeland, daughter of Hiram and Lurana (Copeland) Copeland, of Easton. They have had seven children, all but one of whom are still living : Frank A., -Alice L., Oakes, Anna C, K. Evelyn, and Harriet E. Ames. Mr. .Ames's residence in Canton is his summer home : his town house is on Commonwealth Avenue, Boston. .\NGELL, (iEORcE Thorndikk, of Boston, foinider with others of the " Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to .\nimals," of the ".American Humane Education Society," and of the '• Parent .American Band of Mercy," and devoted for over a quarter of a century to the advance- ment of humane work the world over, was born in Southbridge, Massachusetts, June 5, 1823. His father was the Rev. George .Angell, formerly of Providence, R.I., whose life is to be found in " I'lie .Annals of the .American Baptist Pulpit " (New Vork : Carter &: Brothers), also in other Baptist publications. His mother was Rebekah (Thorndike) Angell, youngest daughter of Lieutenant Paul Thorndike, of Tewksbury, Mass., a lady distinguished through life for relig- ious de\otion and deeds of charity. Left father- less at three years of age, his early training was altogether in the hands of this excellent woman : and by her his primary education was directed. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1846. For the next three years he taught a Boston school day times, and studied law nights and va- cations. The next two years he was in the Har- vard University Law School, and the Boston law of- fices of Charles G.. F". C, & C. \\'. Loring, eminent counsellors. In December, 185 i, he was admitted to the bar ; and, through the influence of the Messrs. Loring, was at once offered a partnership with the distinguished commercial lawyer, Benja- min F". Brooks, and another with the Hon. Sam- uel F>. Sewall, one of the most learned members of the bar. He accepted the latter, and entered immediately upon a successful and lucrative prac- tice. In 1864, tnH) years before tlie forming of the first society iti America for tlie prevention of cruelty to animals, and when he did not know that there was any such society in the world, Mr. .Angell (being then unmarried) gave by will a large portion of his property, after the death of his mother and himself, to be used in circu- lating in secular and Sunday-schools humane literature for the prevention of cruelty to ani- mals ; and in 1868, the drixing to death in a forty- mile race of two of the best horses of the State, moved him to action for the establishment of a Massachusetts society for that purpose. He promptly wrote to the Boston Daily Advertiser, announcing his willingness to give both time and money to establish such a society, and stating that, if there were any other persons in Boston willing to unite with him in this object, he should MKN OF PROGRESS. 45' he glad to be informed : and the next morning, heing called upon by an influential Boston lady, Mrs. William Appleton, who told him that she had been trying to form a similar society, and also by other prominent citizens, he found himself en- gaged in a work which led him to abandon his |3rofession, and to devote himself and his means without any pecuniary compensation to the pro- tection of dumb animals from cruelty and to the humane education of the American people. He lirst obtained an act of incorporation from the Massachusetts Legislature for the new society, and wrote and caused to lie adopted the constitu- CEO. T. ANGELL. lion and by-huvs under which it has acted ever since ; then, with the aid of Chief Justice Hig- elow and the Hon. William Gray, prepared the laws under which its prosecutions have been made e\er since, and obtained their enactment by the Legislature. These accomplished, he suc- ceeded in getting the city government of ISoston to put under his personal orders for three weeks seventeen policemen, picked from the whole force, to canvass the entire city, houses, and stores, for funds to carry on the work ; and so, with the aid of gifts from \arious citizens, he raised about thir- teen thousand dollars. Next, in behalf of his society, he started the first paper of its kind in the world for the protection of dumb animals, which he named Our Dumb Animals, and caused to be printed two hundred thousand copies of the first number. These he distributed through the Bos- ton police in every house in Boston, and, through the aid of the Legislature and of General Burt, then postmaster of Boston, in every city and town in the State. He next caused twenty drinking fountains for animals to be erected ; and, by his exposures of the terrible condition of the Brighton slaughter-houses, laid the foundations of the Abattoir which took their place. In 1869, worn out by the arduous night and day labors of organ- izing this new institution, Mr. Angell crossed the ocean for rest, but immediately on reaching Eng- land became engaged in a work quite as impor- tant as that he had left. He addressed the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in London, and twice the Baroness Bur- dett-Coutts and her friends, and so brought about the establishment in England of a paper similar to his own, which is now widely circulated by the Royal Society throughout the British possessions ; and also obtained the organization of a Ladies' Humane Educational Society or Committee, in connection with the Royal Society, of which the Baroness Burdett-Coutts has ever since been the president, and which has done a great work in behalf of humane education in Great Britain, and led to the establishing there of the first " Band of Mercy " in the world. During this trip Mr. Angell attended the meetings of many of the con- tinental societies for the prevention of cruelty, and attended as the only American delegate, and addressed, the World's Convention of these so- cieties held at Zurich, Switzerland. In his address on this occasion he spoke of his society as " now striving to unite all religious and political parties on one platform for the purpose of carry- ing a humane literature and education into all the schools of the countr\-, and thus not only insure the protection of animals, but also the prevention of crime, unnecessary wars, and forms of violence. When the leading minds of all nations shall act together on this subject, and the nations shall be humanely educated, wars between nations will end." Returning to America, Mr. Angell went at once to Chicago, perhaps the crudest city in the world at that time, and, at a personal cost to him- self of about six hundred dollars and several months' time, succeeded in establishing there the Illinois Humane Societv, which has ever since 45- MEN OF PROGRESS. been pnitectiiig from cruelty millions of cattle and other animals in the great stock-yards, as well as animals, previously without any protection, in 'and about that city. It would require a volume fully to record Mr. Angell's work in his humane cause from that day to the present. He has given addresses and aided in forming humane societies as far South as New Orleans and as far West as North Dakota. He has addressed State legislat- ures, national and international conventions of educational men, agricultural and religious con- ventions, union meetings of churches, — as notably, in Minneapolis, a union meeting of all the evan- gelical churches there, presided over by the Gov- ernor of the State, — also numerous colleges and universities in various parts of the country. He twice addressed the National Grange at \\'ash- ington and at Richmond, and once addressed eight hundred and thirty-six of the police of Phil- adelphia, officers and men, and once about three thousand drivers of horses gathered in the Boston Theatre. In the winter of ICS85-86 he addressed, during sixty-one days, all the high. Latin, normal, and grammar schools of Boston one hour each. In 1882 he started the ".American Band of Mercy," of which he has since caused to be formed over twenty-one thousand branches, with probably between one and two million members. In 1889 he formed the " .\merican Humane Edu- cation Society" (the first of its kind in the worldl, and obtained its incorporation by the Massachu- setts legislature, with power to hold half a million dollars free from taxation. P"or this corporation he has employed missionaries forming humane societies in the South and West ; has caused nearly two million copies of " Black Beauty " to be circulated in English and other European and Asiatic languages ; has, through the offering of large prizes, obtained other humane stories as sequels to " Black Beauty." which are now being extensively circulated over this country and abroad ; has furnished his paper. Our Di(i)ib Ani- mals, regularly to nearly all the professional and educated men of his own State, and to the editors of every .\merican newspaper and magazine north of Mexico. In his autobiographical sketches it appears that in the one year from November i. 1890, to November i, 1891, he had printed by his two humane societies about one hundred and seventeen million and eighty thousand pages of humane literature, being probably far more than was printed in the same time bv all other humane societies in the world combined. His writings are circulated not only over the United States, but largely in Europe and somewhat in Asia, some of them being used in places as far dis- tant as China, Japan, and in the public schools of New Zealand. At a single meeting of the Na- tional .Vmerican Teachers' Association he pre- sented to the teachers, in behalf of his societies, one hundred and ten thousand copies of humane publications. He lias offered many prizes to all American editors, all American college and university students, and to many others, for best essays on liuniane subjects. His wide correspond- ence numbers sometimes more than two hundred letters in a single day"s mail ; and his exchange lists bring to his office not infrequently more than a hundred newspapers and magazines daily. .\s a director of the .American Social Science Asso- ciation he has given much money and time in exposing the sales of poisonous and dangerously- adulterated foods and other articles, which re- sulted in a Congressional report containing about a hundred manuscript pages of evidence which he had collected, and of which he had more than a hundred thousand copies sent over the country, laying the foundations for the various laws on the subject which have since been en- acted in various States. Though now in his seventy-second year, Mr. Angell is still busy de- veloping and carrying out new plans to increase his work. He was married in 1872 to Eliza A. Martin, of Nahant. BAILEV, Edw.ard Willis, of Boston, merchant, was born in North Scituate, November 5. 1849, son of John Wade and Priscilla L. ( Vinal) Bailey. His father, mother, and grandparents were all natives of Scituate. Both grandfathers were sea- captains, and his paternal grandfather was in the War of 18 12. His education was begun in the public schools of his native town, and continued in the Boston schools, to which city the family re- moved when he was a boy of ten. He attended the Brimmer School here, then on Common Street, and graduated in 1865, a Eranklin medal scholar; and subsequently the English High .School, then on Bedford Street, from which he graduated in 1S68. In September following he went to work for his uncle. Job E. Bailey, dealer in doors, win- dows, and blinds, wholesale and retail, as an office boy. From this position he was before long MEN OF PR0(;RKSS. 453 raised to tii;U of hook-keeper. Then he became a salesman, and uhimateK- the manager, which place he heUl till the ist of January, 1S91, when he Delias been a member of the Newton ward and city committee for si.x years, and two years its secretary. He was married February 12, 1874, to Miss Emma J. Polley, of Boston. They have five children : Marion W'.. Alice P., Sarah J., Edward i\., and Evehn W. IJailev. K li.MLEV, Jamks Ai.dkrson', Jr.. of .\rlington, member of the bar, was born in West Cambridge (now Arlington), March 25, 1867, .son of James Alderson and Marietta (Peirce) Bailey. On the maternal side he is of the old New England families of Peirce and Locke, a direct descend- ant of Captain Benjamin Locke, who fought at Lexington and at Bunker Hill ; and on the pa- ternal side is of the English families of Bailey and Johnson. His father was a soldier in the Civil \\'ar, and held important town offices. He was educated in the Arlington public schools, graduating from the High School in 1883, and at Harvard College, where he was graduated in the class of 1888. sumnia cum lauJc, and with honors in political science. He studied law at the Har- E. W. BAILEY. bought his uncle's interest. The iausiness was established in 1846 by Bailey & Jenkins, both Scituate men, and has occupied the premises No. 24 Kneeland Street since February, 1869. The present style of the firm is E. W. Bailey & Co. Mr. Bailey's residence has been for si.xteen years in Newton. He is especially prominent in fra- ternal organizations, belonging to numerous or- ders, and at the head of a leading one. He is a member of the Newton Royal .\rch Chapter, Dal- housie Lodge. Free Masons : of Newton Lodge, No. 92, Odd Fellows: of Garden City Lodge, No. 1901, Knights of Honor ; of Newton Council. American Legion of Honor ; Mt. Ida Council, Royal Arcanum ; Newton Lodge .\ncient Order of United Workmen, all of Newton : also of the Grand Lodges of .\ncient ( )r(ler of Inited Work- men, of the .\nierican Legion of Honor, and of the Royal Arcanum : and he is at the present time grand dictator of the Knights of Honor of Massachusetts, which has 10,000 members in 138 lodges in the State, and in the national organiza- tion 126,000. In politics Mr. Bailey is a Repub- lican, active in the party organization in his city. JAMES A. BAILEY, Jr. vard Law School, graduating in 1891, LL.I!. and A.M. He worked his way through both college and law school. While in college, he was particu- 454 MEN OF PROGRESS. I larly interested in the study of political economy and of history. He took an active part in the de- bates of the Harvard Union, and was an officer of that society. He was also a director of the Har- vard Republican Club, of the Harvard Dining Association, and of the t'o-operative Society. He was admitted to the bar in July. 1890; and began practice immediately after his graduation from the Law School, establishing himself in Boston. Quite early in his career he was engaged in several im- portant cases, which attracted considerable atten- tion. He was in 1894 associated with C'austen Mrownc in tlie preparation of a new edition of " Browne on the Statute of Frauds."' He has been active in politics since his college days. He has served as chairman of the Arlington Republi- can town committee for three years, and is a mem- ber of the Eighth Congressional I )istrict Repub- lican Committee. .\s secretary of the latter body in 1892, he took a large part in the management of the successful campaign of the Hon. Samuel W. McCall for Congress against the Hon. John F. Andrew, and spoke a few times on the stump. In the autumn of 1893 he was nominated by accla- mation for representative in the Legislature for Arlington and \\'inchester, and was elected by a large majority, the youngest man ever sent to the House from this district. In the campaign of that year he also spoke occasionally on the stump. In the Legislature he served as clerk of the committee on the judiciary, as a member of the committee on elections, and as secretary of the Re- publican caucus committee. His work upon the elections committee, in connection with the " Ward Seventeen" (Boston) case, was a feature of the session. Dissenting from his six colleagues, he made the fight alone, and succeeded in having the House substitute his resolve declaring vacant the seats of the sitting members for the report of the committee " leave to withdraw." This con- test made Mr. Bailey one of the most prominent members of the Legislature of 1894. He is a member of Hiram Lodge, Freemasons, and of Menotomy Royal Arch Chapter ; of Bethel Lodge, Odd Fellows; of the .Arlington Boat Club (a trus- tee), of the Middlese.x Club (treasurer), of the Sirloin Club, and of Phi Beta Kappa and I'hi Delta I'hi. He is unmarried. 10, 1 85 1, son of Henry and Lucy Theodora Cielli- neau (Stearns) Barrett. On the paternal side he is a lineal descendant of Colonel James Barrett and Captain Nathan Barrett, who took part in the Con- cord fight, April 19, 1775. His maternal grand- mother, Marianne Theresa Saint Agnan, was born on the island of Grenada, one of the West Indies, and early an orphan. When very young, she came with slaves to this country for her education, under the care of Judge Rogers, of E.xeter, N.H., and afterward attended private school in New- buryport and Salem: and in 1821 she married Richard Sprague Stearns, the \(iungest son of Dr. ILVRRETT, Harr\ Hiidson, of Maiden, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Maiden, March HARRY H, BARRETT. William Stearns, of Salem. Her father, Michael Saint Agnan, was a native of France, where the name of Saint Agnan has been borne by several noble families of distinction. Her mother, Mari- anne Theodora Gellineau, was a daughter of Charles Anthony Gellineau, who came from France, and settled in Port of Spain, Trinidad, and of Lucie Poincette, a nati\e of Castile, in Spain. Her maternal aunt, Lucette Gellineau, was the friend and room-mate of Empress Jo- sephine at the Martinique Convent. Harry H. was educated in the Maiden Grammar School, at Phillips (Andover) Academy, also at Phillips ( Exeter) Academy, graduating from the latter in MKN OF PROGRESS. 455 i.Syo. uiul at Harvard ('ollejj;e, where iic was grad- uated in tlie class of 1874. From college he en- tered the Harvard Law School, which he attended from 1874 to 1879, also studying in lioston in the offices of F,. R. iV Samuel Hoar, Charles G. Fall, and Stearns \- Butler. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in June, 1882, and has since been en- gaged in general practice. He was a representa- tive for Maiden in the lower house of the Legisla- ture in 189 1, the only Democrat representative elected frciin that place since 1861. He has been .1 ci\il service examiner (State) for Maiden since January, 1892. He is much interested in the in- stitutions and affairs of his city, and is now serv- ing as a member of its park commission. He has been a trustee and clerk of the Maiden Hospi- tal since its organization in i8go. He has been long a member, and was some time president, of the Maiden Deliberative Assembly (organized in 1 87 5). and is also a member of the Kernwood ( hil). in politics, while classed as a Democrat, he is a Democrat with independent proclivities. Mr. Barrett is unmarried, and lives with his mother and unmarried sister at the homestead in .Maiden. J5ARRV, D.wiD Franklin, of Boston, sales agent, member of the Board of Aldermen, was horn in Boston, on Sturgis Place, a part of old lort Hill, February 29, 1852. His father, David Barry (now deceased), was well known in Boston over forty years ago. He carried on the business of a wheelwright and shipwright in F^ast Boston, and in 1845 enlisting in the United States volun- teer service, subsequently went to the Mexican War. In 1849 he moved from East Boston to the city proper, and established his business on Cove Street, where it flourished for seventeen years. Thence he removed to Castle Street with his fam- ily, which consisted of two sons and a daughter. The latter died at sixteen years of age. Daxid F.'s mother was Mary E. (Welch) Barry. He was educated in Boston public schools, graduating from the Quincy Grammar School in the class of 1867. During his boyhood he had an ambition to acquire a knowledge of advanced studies, and accordingly devoted his evenings and spare hours of the day to reading, .\bout 1874 he became a sales agent for Marshall, Son, & Co., wholesale hook-binders' machinery, and has been so em- ployed ever since. In 1879 he was elected by the Democrats of Ward Sixteen a member of the Common Council, and through regular re-elections served in that liranch of the city government for fourteen consecutive years. For five years of this period, 1887-88-91-92-93, he was president of the body. In 1894 he was a member of the Board of .Aldermen, being elected by the people at large, and receiving the highest vote of any of the twelve successful candidates; and in the De- cember election was re-elected for the term of 1895. His services in committee work have been notable and valuable, covering nearly all of the different committees appointed to supervise and report measures pertaining to the progress and DAVID F, BARRY. development of Boston. He was the prime mover in the scheme for the " municipal ownership of public docks," and presented and ably advocated the petition to the Board of Aldermen of 1894, signed by over eleven hundred prominent mer- chants of Boston, calling attention to the pressing need of a system of public docks owned l)y tiie city, the result of which was the appointment of a special committee to look into the matter, and a favorable report, which was unanimously accepted by both branches of the city council. Mr. Barry's public spirit and progressive ideas have been dis- played in numerous other acts. He has favored all appropriations for public schools, and has al- 456 MEN OF I'ROGRESS. ways strivL'ii for the passage of all orders pertain- ing to public schools. He has also been an ardent and steadfast supporter of the City Hos- pital, and his efforts in its behalf have met the warm approval of the trustees. Speaking of his value as a public official, the Boston Herald oi No- vember 22, 1S91. says: "Mr. Barry is. first of all. a diplomat : and he often succeeds by diplomacy where the excellent flowers of rhetoric would fail. A self-made man. his success along the political line of endeavor has been acquired through dili- gence, using the means at hand, and sedulously working for the best interests of those he is elected to serve. Mr. Barry owes nothing to the schoolmaster, except it be the rudimentary brush- ing he received by tlie light of the torch at Henry Morgan's evening school. The opportunity af- forded some of his colleagues to drink deep at the fountain of knowledge was not his to enjoy. God gave him natural talents, however, in abundance : and these he has used to their fullest extent. He has a strong will, vigor, and the faculty of doing well whatever he undertakes. He is an earnest speaker, guardedly careful of the rights and feel- ings of others, and often wins his point through his own personal magnetism, what others w'ould lose though they had the verbal magic of a Burke." He has ahvavs been a firm and constant friend of the members of the Grand .\rniy of the Republic ; and they have on many occasions at- tested their belief in his sincerity and apprecia- tion of his endea\ ors in their behalf. Mr. Barry was married May 15, 187 1, to Miss Mary Eliza- beth Madden. They have one son, John Mar- shall Barry, now (1895) in the sophomore class at the Massachusetts State College at Amherst, stud\ing landscape engineering. eniies. He entered the .Methodist ministry in .\ugust, 1848, when but eighteen years of age: and he has been continuously engaged since. B.ATKS, Rkv. Lkwis Bkntun, D.l.)., of Boston, pastor of the Bromfield Street Methodist Episco- pal Church, is a native of Massachusetts, born in North Easton, No\'ember 26, 1829, son of Lewis and Elizabeth (Websten Bates. He is in the ninth generation from John Rogers, the mart\r. His first ancestor in America was Nathan Bate, who came in 1635, and was the first white man to land on the shore of what is now Hingham. From him he is in the eighth generation. His educa- cation was acquired in the public schools, which he attended until he reached the age of fourteen years, and at the 1 )artmouth and I-'almouth acad- L. B. BATES. laboring zealously in numerous fields. In 1849 he was pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church in .South .Scituate. in i8!;o and 185 1 he had charge of the church in South ^'armouth. The latter year, in .\pril, he became a member of the New England Conference. From 1852 to 1855 he was settled over the church in Lebanon. Conn. The next three years he was pastor of the church in West J'hompson, Conn. The latter was a cir- cuit with twentj'-two monthly preaching places. During the year 1857 he preached one hun- dred and twentv-two successive evenings, and out of this revival three Methodist Episcopal churches were established. To-day seven Metho- dist churches occupy the ground where he labored alone. From 1858 to 1861 he was pastor at North Easton, 1861 to 1863 at North Dighton, 1863-66 at MilKille, conducting revi\als in all of these churches : from 1866 to 1869 at New Bed- ford, where more than five hundred persons were converted in four months and more than four hundred united with tiie church, in one day one hundred and fifteen persons being baptized: and from 1869 to 1872 at Taunton, pastor of the First MEN OF PROGRESS. 457 Mfthoclist Episcopal Church, where niurc than three hundred were converted. In 1872 he was transferred from the New England .Southern Con- ference to the New England, and became pastor of the Mount Bellingham Church in Chelsea. Here he remained until 1875, when he was sta- tioned at the Broadway Methodist Episcopal Churcii in South Boston. Remaining here three years, in 1878 he was assigned to the liethel. East Boston, which was his field of laijor for six- teen years. During this long and successful pastorate he received more than fifteen hundred persons into the church, and gave church letters to more than thirteen hundred persons who went to all portions of the globe, to become connected with other churches. He baptized more than thir- teen hundred, and attended the funerals of more than eighteen hundred, hundreds of them being sailors. In September, 1894, the authorities of the church placed him in charge of the 15romfield Street Methodist Episcopal Church in the heart of the city. In three months the congregation had more than doubled, and all the work of the church appeared to be reviving. During the forty- si.\ years of his ministry Dr. Bates has preached at the dedication of two hundred and thirty-nine churches, and raised more than a million dollars for church property. He has given a good portion of his time also to aiding church organiza- tions, in evangelical work in the churches, and at special meetings, and camp meetings. For the last thirty-five years he has ax'eraged one sermon or gospel address per day. Every year revivals have attended his ministry. f)n one Sunday in 1876 he baptized forty-five persons by immersion and forty-five by sprinkling, in the town of Mid- dleborough. He has preached in all the New- England States and in a number of States out- side of New England; and in 1888 spent four months abroad, in Europe, Egypt, and the Holy Land. He has served five years (1868-73) as chaplain of the Third Regiment, Massachusetts militia, and one year (1870) as chaplain of Bristol County jail. He has been president of the Methodist Ministers' Relief Association from 1882 to the present time ; president of the New Eng- land Conference Preachers' Aid Society from 1891 to date ; was president of the Boston Methodist Preachers' Meeting for two years, 1871 to 1873: and is a director of the Lay College and of the New England Evangelist Association. His long work in East Boston was largely among seamen. Lie conducted the "World's Christian Mission" established in 187S "for seamen and all others in need," with which was connected a free reading- room and library, and through which aid in various forms was given and shipwrecked sailors helped ; and in the spacious Bethel had three ser- vices every Sunday forenoon, afternoon, and even- ing, each to crowded congregations. He received the degree of D.D. from ClaMin University in 1881. He is a member of the Methodist Social ITnion, of the Young Men's Christian Association, and of the Young Men's Christian Union. Dr. Bates was married June 12, 1850, to Miss Louisa D. Field, of 'Launton. They have had five chil- dren : Lewis Webster, Myra Louisa (now Mrs. Gilchrist), John Lewis (member of Massachusetts House of Representati\-es for the second term, 1895), Lillian G. (now wife of Mayor (ieorge H. Carter, of Chelsea ), and Emma Mav Bates. BINNEY, Arthur, of Boston, naval architect and yacht broker, was born in Boston, December 2, 1865, son of Henry P. and Josephine 1 Hayward) ARTHUR BINNEY. Binney. His grandfathers were Dr. Amos Binney and Joseph H. Hayward ; and his great-grand- fathers, Colonel ,^mos Binney and Dr. Lemuel 458 MEN OF PROGRESS. Hayward. He was educated in the Dudley Grammar and the Roxbury Latin Schools, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, taking a special course at the latter. For a short time after leaving the institute he was with the Whittier Machine Company to learn practical machine work. Then he was for three years with Hook & Hastings, church organ build- ers, as draughtsman : and the next year was spent in Germany in study. L'pon his return he ob- tained a position in January, i88S, with the late Edward Burgess, the distinguished naval architect, and worked and studied under him from that time until the latter's death in June, 189 1. In September following he formed a partnership with George A. Stewart, who had also been asso- ciated with Mr. Burgess, and under the firm name of Stewart & Binney purchased the data, calculations, and drawings made by Mr. Burgess, and continued his business. This partnership held until the death of Mr. Stewart. June 21, 1894. Since the death of his partner Mr. Binney has conducted the business alone. He is a mem- ber of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, of the Corinthian Vacht Club of Mar- blehead, the Hull Vacht Club, the Massachusetts Yacht Club, and the Boston Athletic Association. He is unmarried. Mechanic Association, is a director of the Home for Destitute Catholic Children, a member of the Charitable Irish Society, and of the Old BLAKE, Christopher, of Boston, manufact- urer, was born in Belcamb, near Balbriggan, County Dublin, Ireland, December 24, 1830, son of Matthew and Anne (Carton) Pilake. His paternal grandfather was Christopher Blake, and his great-grandfather, Matthew Blake, of the same county, as were also his maternal grand- father, James Carton, and great-grandfather, John Carton. He w-as educated in private schools. He came to Boston in September, 1846, and was apprenticed to J. L. Ross, then a furniture manufacturer on Hawkins Street. After serving his time, he worked as a journeyman at his trade until 1854, when he entered business on his own account as a manufacturer of furniture, establish- ing himself at No. 94 I'tica Street. His enter- prise prospered; and in 1865 he built and occupied the large factory on Dorchester Ave- nue, South Boston. This he conducted success- fully for twenty-two years, and then in 1887 retired with a competence. He has been long connected with the Massachusetts Charitable CHRISTOPHER BLAKE. Dorchester Club. His wife, whose maiden name was Catherine McMahon, died in 1875 ; and his children now- living are Mrs. Mary E. Merrick, Mrs. Caroline \'oung, Catherine F. Blake, Joseph Blake, and Edward F. Blake. BCjUTWELL, Harvey Lincoln, of Boston and Maiden, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Illinois, born in the town of Meredosia, April 5, i860, son of Eli A. and Harriet W. (Weeks) Bout- well. His father was a lumber manufacturer, held various town offices in Hopkinton, N.H., for twenty years, and was elected to the New Hamp- shire Legislature in 1879 o" ^'''s Republican ticket. His maternal great-grandfather, William Weeks, a graduate of Harvard College, was a major and aide-de-camp to General Washington during the war of the Revolution. He was educated in New Hampshire, in district schools, at the Hopkinton Academy, the Contoocook Academy, and the New Hampshire State College, graduating from the latter in 1882. His first occupation was that of a school-teacher, teaching as principal of the gram- MEN OF PROGRESS. 459 the Boston Asylum and Farm School in 18S4; and for ten jears as principal of the Eliot Evening School in Boston. His law studies were begun in the office of John V. Mugridge at Concord, N.H., continued in the otfice of Wilbur H. Powers, Boston, and completed in the ISoston University Law School, where he graduated niiii /, Rkv. Ch.arles Lk Roy. of Bos- ton, pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal Church, 'I'emple Street, was born in Dudley, July 31, 1854, .son of Warren and Clarinda (Healy) Goodell. His ancestry is Puritan in both lines. On the paternal side he is descended from Robert Goodell, who came to Salem from Yarmouth, Eng- land, in 1636. On his mother's side his great- great-grandfather had tlie distinction of being the first white child born in Dudley. Another note- worthy fact is that Mr. Goodell's mother, who died in Dudley a few years ago, was born, mar- ried, and spent her entire life in the same house. This homestead is now a cherished possession of the subject of this sketch. Frequent pilgrimages are made to this sacred shrine, and in summer he spends within its portals most of the usual vaca- tion. A pleasing expression of his regard for his mother's memory is his dainty volume, entitled •• My Mother's Bible," the central thought of which is "Christianity and the Home," a book which, besides being a tribute to the noble woman who nurtured him, has served a useful function in the guidance of youth. His early education was acquired in the common schools of his nati\'e town, at Williston Seminary, Easthampton, and at the Nichols Academy, Dudley. His collegiate training was at Boston University, where he was graduated in the class of 1877. His successful career as a preacher began in the town of Acush- net, but he was soon in demand for city work. Providence claimed him ; and for three successive pastoral terms, each of the full length, that city enjoyed his gifted ministrations. He was ad- mitted to the Providence Conference (afterward CHAS. L, GOODELL. New England Southern) of the Methodist Episco- pal Church in 1879. The year follow-ing he was stationed at Broadw-ay Church. His term e.xpir- MEN OF PROGRESS. 481 ing in 1SS3, he was then calleil 1)_\- the (hesluut Street C'hin-ch, his next assignment, in 1886, being for a three years' term at Trinity t'hurch in tlie same city. At all these churches he drew large and ever-growing audiences during the entire nine years; and it was his distinction, while at I'rinitv, to have under his care a Sundaj'-school ninnhering twelve hundred members, the largest in New England. In .April, 1889, requisition was laid upon him by the Methodism of Boston. This necessitated his transfer to the New Paigland Conference; and at the urgent request of the W'inthrop Street Church he was appointed pastor of that charge, remaining in this position, with the most successful results, for the full and now e.xtended term of five years. In lioston Mr. (ioodell has grown rapidly in public estimation. When he left Winthrop .Street, the membership of that charge was the largest of any .Methodist church in the city. In .\pril, 1894, he was called to the First Methodist Episcopal Church on Tem- ple Street, where his success has equalled, per- haps exceeded, that won in former pastorates. Mr. Goodell's elements of strength are marked and varied, and are summarized by one who best knows liim as follows : " His physical presence, suggestive of fine health and good-nature, could not fail to make a favorable impression ; and this is naturally heightened by the magnetism of his superb sociability. It is not hard for him to be amiable and helpful. It seems, indeed, to be only natural for him to exhibit these qualities. In his relations to his ministerial brethren in and around lioston he has shown himself to be a royal soul, who seems always to think of himself last ; and it is this characteristic, no doubt, which, more per- haps than his unusual ability, has caused them to confer upon him several positions of honor. He is a preacher of rare effectiveness, fine pres- ence, wholesome thought, polished diction, rich feeling, sympathetic voice, and a general style in the delixery of his sermons which is seldom sur- passed. These gifts cause him to be in frequent demand as a lecturer, yet his one great work is that of a minister of the gospel." Mr. Goodell has been for several years an officer of the Bos- ton Methodist Preachers' Meeting, was president of the Ro.xbury Evangelical .\lliance in 1893-94, and is now vice-president of the Methodist Social I'nion of Boston. He is also a member of the Twentieth Century Club. He has one son. Le Rov Lucius Goodell. HALS.VLT, Wii.i.iA.M T'oK.Miiv, of Boston, ma- rine painter, is a native of England, born in Kirk- dale, March 20, 1S41, son of John !'. and Mary WILLIAM F. HALSALL. ( Formby) Halsall. Between the ages of ten and twelve he went to sea, and followed the life of a sailor for about seven years. Coming to Boston when a youth, he learned the trade of a fresco painter, and was some time with \A'illiam E. Nor- ton, then painting also marine views. When the Civil War broke out, he enlisted in the United States Navy, and served during 1862 and 1863 as master's mate. Returning to Boston after the expiration of his term of enlistment, he again took up fresco painting, but finally abandoned it, and devoted himself entirely to marine painting. He studied for several years at the Lowell In- stitute, and was a special student at the Institute of 'Technology. Beginning with painting of yachts, he soon applied himself to larger studies ; and in 1878 he produced his first important work, the " .\rrival of the Winthrop Colony." 'This was shortly followed by "The MayHower," now the property of the Pilgrim Society of Plymouth. Sub- sequently he painted the spirited " Fight between the Monitor and Merrimac," now hanging in the Senate wing of the Capitol at Washington ; the historical picture of General Paine's yacht, " 'The 48 2 MEN OF PROGRESS. \'olunteer"; "To the Rescue," now owned b\' the Boston Art Chib ; and " Niagara Falls," in the pos- session of B. \V. Kilburn. He has also done a great deal of black and white work, illustration for books and magazines. His studio is on Atlantic Avenue, close by the harbor; and he takes fre- quent trips in pilot boats and other craft in search of material for his brush. He is a member of the Boston Art, of the Paint and Clay, and of the Boston Yacht clubs, and honorary member of the Massachusetts Yacht Club. He was married November 28, 1866, to Miss Josephine A. Nicker- son, of Ro.vbury. They have no children. HAMILTON, S.\MUEL Kixo, of Wakefield and Boston, member of the bar, is a native of Maine, born in W'aterborough, July 27, 1837, son of Ben- jamin Ricker and .Sarah (Carl) Hamilton. He is of Scotch descent. His ancestors emigrated to America in the early part of the eighteenth cen- tury, and settled in Berwick, Me., then a part of Massachusetts. His preparatory education was acquired in the district schools of his native town, ler Scientific Department in 1859. He immedi- ately began the study of law with the Hon. Ira T. Drew at Alfred, Me., and, with the exception of a portion of the time spent in teaching, pursued it until 1862, when he was admitted to the bar of York County. He then formed a copartner- ship with Mr. Drew, which continued until 1867, when it was dissolved by Mr. Hamilton's removal to Biddeford, where he remained until the latter part of 1872. He then removed to \Yakefield, Mass., and opened an office in Boston, where he has since been engaged in the general practice of his profession. While a resident of his native town, he served on the School Committee two years. In 1869 and 1870 he was a member of the Board of Aldermen, liiddeford, and in 1872 represented that city in the Maine Legislature. Early after his settlement in Wakefield he became prominent in municipal affairs, serving ten years on the School Committee (1876 to 1886), nine of which he was chairman, four )-ears as chairman of the Board of Selectmen, and many years as chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Beebe Town Library ; and he has been for twenty vears counsel for the tow-n. In 18S0 he was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention, in 1S83 candidate for district attorney for the Northern District of Massachusetts, and in 1894 the Demo- cratic candidate for Congress in the Seventh Con- gressional District. He is president of the Quan- napowitt Club of Wakefield, treasurer of the Pine Tree State Club of Boston, president of Terminal City Company and of the Wakefield Water Com- pany. Mr. Hamilton was married February 13, 1867, to Miss Annie K. Davis, of Newfield, Me. S. K. HAMILTON. at the Limerick (Me.) Academy, and at the Saco High School, and his collegiate training was at Dartmouth, where he graduated from the Chand- & Co., Springfield. Then, going to New York, he HANNUM, Leander Moody, of Cambridge, real estate and mortgage broker, was born in Northampton, December 22, 1837, son of Alexan- der C. and Laura A. (Moody) Hannum. He was educated in the public schools of Northampton and Chicopee, at Williston Seminary, Easthamp- ton, and at the English and Classical Institute, Springfield. After he had finished at Williston, then seventeen years old, he went to California, where he spent two years in the mining fields, and upon his return in 1856 resumed his studies at the Institute at Springfield, remaining there a year. He was employed for the next two years as sales- man in the wholesale grocery house of J. W. Hale MEN OF PROGRESS. 48: was there employed as cashier and correspondent for Mr. Howe, of the " Howe Sewing Machines," until 1864. Coming at that time to Cambridge, he Hall Association and of city as well as of State Republican clubs. His church connections are with the Third Congregational (Unitarian) Church of Cambridge, where he has served many years as chairman of the parish committee. He is con- nected with the Masonic fraternity, a member and past master of Amicable Lodge, and chairman of its board of trustees, member and past officer of the Cambridge Royal Arch Chapter, and member of the Boston Commandery; is a line member of several military organizations and Crand Army Posts ; a member of the Cambridge and Colonial clubs of Cambridge, of the Cambridge Citizens" Trade Association, and of the Real Estate Asso- ciation. Mr. Hannum was married December 15, 1869, to Miss Anne Howard Demain. Of this union there are no children now living. HARDING, Herbert Lee, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Lancaster, May 10, 1852, son of Samuel Lee and Catherine (Bond) Harding. His early education was ac- quired at well-known private schools — the Allen LEANDER M. HANNUM. soon became extensively engaged in the grocery and ice business, and later in the business of real estate, which he has since followed with gratifying success. Mr. Hannum has been in public life for upwards of twenty years, and has served the com- munity in which he lives in various capacities. He was first elected to office in 1873 as a member of the Common Council, where he served one year. In 1874 and 1875 he was a member of the Board of Aldermen. In 1S76 and 1877 he represented his city in the House of Representatives, serving as chairman of the committees on public buildings and on street railways. In 18S1 and 1882 he was a member of the Senate, and there served as chair- man of the committees on prisons and on State House, and member of that on insurance. He has also served for several years as special com- missioner for Middlesex County, and for twelve years as one of the water commissioners of Cam- bridge. In politics he has been always a Repub- lican, and long active in party affairs. For seven years he was chairman of the Republican city English and Classical School, West Newton, and committee. He has been especially prominent in W. N. Eayrs's school in Boston — and under a municipal politics, and is a member of the Library private tutor ; and he graduated from Harvard, H. L. HARDING. 484 MEN OF PROGRESS. A.I!., in the clas.s of 1874. From college he entered the Harvard Law School, from which he graduated LL.K. in 1876, and A.M. in 1877. His phy.sical as well as mental training for active life was admirable, as he was devoted to the best of athletic sports and at college given especially to rowing. After graduating from the law school, he studied iii the office of Morse, Stone, & Greenough, in Boston. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in November, 1877, and the same year formed a partnership with Richard H. Dana, 3d, as Dana & Harding, with office at No. 30 Court Street, Bos- ton. .\ year later this partnership was dissolved; and he returned to Messrs. Morse &: Stone, with whom he made a business connection. This con- tinued till 1886, when he took the office with George Wigglesworth which had been vacated by Judge Bishop upon the latter's appointment to the bench. He is at present in the same office with Mr. Wigglesworth, in Fiske Building, No. 89 State Street. In 1887, upon the formation of the Citi- zens' Association of Boston, Mr. Harding became the secretary and counsel of that influential organ- ization, which positions he has since held, in his official capacity taking a leading part in advanc- ing municipal reforms and in checking unwise or questionable legislation. He has been actively interested in municipal affairs since the early eighties, and from 1S84 to 1886 inclusive served as a member of the Common Council. In politics he is Republican, with independent principles and practices. He is a member of the Union, Ex- change, Country, and Tiffin clubs, of the Hull Yacht Club, and of the Eliot Club of Jamaica Plain, where he resides. He was married October 13, 1886, to Miss Lucy Austin, daughter of F. B. Austin, of the Charlestown District. They have one child: Frank Austin Harding, born October 1, 1887. HARRIS, Elbridge Nelson, of Maiden, with office in Boston, manufacturer, was born in Ash- burnham, October 23, 1828, son of William and Hepsebeth (Flint) Harris. His education was obtained in the public schools of his native town and at the Winchendon Academy, where he spent three terms, and graduated in 1848. He began the making of water wheels when twenty years of age, and has been in this business ever since, with the manufacture of all kinds of machinery- pertaining to mill-work. During this period he has been treasurer and is now president of the Rodney Hunt Machine Company, manufacturers of turbine water wheels, horizontal and vertical, and other mill machinery, with shops in Orange ( ELBRIDGE N. HARRIS. and one of the business offices in Boston. Their shops and foundry were all built new and equipped with new machinery since 1882. Mr. Harris is also a director of the Miller's River National Bank of Athol. In politics he is a Re- publican. He was married March ig, 1851,10 Miss Luellyn L. Merriam, of Princeton. They have had two sons and one daughter: Nelson E., William O., and Bertha A. Harris (now Mrs. F. B. .Annington, of Providence, R.I.). His sons are both associated with him in business. Nelson E. being treasurer of the Rodney Hunt Company, and residing at Orange, and William O. secretary. Mr. Harris resides in Maiden. HARRIS, J.\.MEs Greenwood, of Boston, treas- urer of the LTnion Pacific Railway System and constituent companies, was born in Boston, No- vember I, 1843, son of James Watson Harris and Elizabeth Andrews (Nevers) Harris. He is of New P'.ngland descent, and several of his ancestors were early settlers of Boston and adjoining towns. He is a lineal descendant of Thomas Urann, one MEN OK PROGRESS. 485 of the •• lioston '\'ci\ Party," who was a prominent member of St. .\ndre\v's Lodge and of the " Sons of Liberty." He was educated in tlic public ijrammar school. Li 1859, at the age of sixteen, he entered the service of the Cambridge Mutual I'ire Insurance Company, and remained there until I una, 1861. when he made a short trip to sea before the mast, returning in 1 )ecember of the same year. On January 29, i80j, he enlisted in the I'nited .States Navy, and was in that service (luring and after the Ci\il War, recei\ing his dis- charge in June, 1865, when he returned to Jioston. Soon after this he entered the employ of Low, Mersey, & Cary, leather merchants, Boston, and a few months later engaged with another firm in the same business. His connection with the LTnion Pacific • Railroad Company began in 1869. In July of that year he took the position of "office boy " in the company's Boston office. After a few^ weeks, however, he was promoted to a clerk- ship, and on September 15 of the following year was elected transfer agent. He became assist- ant treasurer on October i, 1885, and on .\pril 25, 1888, was elected treasurer of the entire I'nion JAMES C. HARRIS. Pacific System, which position he still holds. .\s treasurer of this system, he is also treasurer of fifty-eight constituent companies. Mr. Harris lias held office in a number of secret and benevo- lent societies. He is a past president of the Brimmer School Association, a member of the Sons of the Revolution, of Edward W. Kinsley Post, No. 113, Grand Army of the Republic, of the United States Navy Veteran Association, of the Union and Cambridge clubs of Cambridge, and of the Algonquin Club of Boston. He has always been a stanch Rei^ublican, but has in- variably declined to accept political ofiice. He was married December 31, 1872, to Miss Sarah Louise Roberts, of Cambridge. Thev have no children. HARRIS, Nelson Ei.\'ikus, of Orange, manu- facturer, was born in Athol, January 20, 1852, son of Elbridge N. and Luellyn L. (Merriam) Harris. He was educated in the public schools of .\thol and at the Eastman College, Poughkeepsie, N.\'., where he graduated March 24, 186S. He served the- next five years in the hydraulic and civil engineering office of the Essex Company at Law- rence, and left that office, on the ist of C)ctober, 1873, to engage in the water wheel and mill engi- neering business. Five years more were. spent in practical mill work in its various branches with the long-established Rodney Hunt Machine Company, manufacturers of turbine water wheels and woollen machinery at Orange ; and then on December 20, 1878, he entered the office of the company to take charge of the draughting and to do general office work, removing his family from Lawrence to Orange a few days previous. In January, 1882, a fire nearly destroyed the shops of the company, and he was given the charge of making plans for new buildings of brick. These were erected on a new site alongside of the tracks of the Fitchburg Railroad, the designing, construction, and equip- ment being under his supervision. After the com- pletion of the new works he became superintend- ent, and so continued until the ist of January, 1S90, when he was elected treasurer and superin- tendent, which ofiice he has since held. In 1886 he received a patent on a new water wheel, which has been manufactured by the Rodney Hunt .Ma- chine Company exclusively since that time. Other patents have since been received by him, two being for a system of mounting horizontal shaft water wheels: and the wheels of the company have been mounted in quite large and growing numbers from vear to vcar in accordance with his 486 MEN OF PROGRESS. system. In 1S92 ^Ir. Harris superintended the Kibridge Nelson and Luellyn (Merriami Harris, building of a large addition to the shops and His education was begun in the common schools equipment, having supervised previous additions of his native town, and completed in a grammar to the machinery at different times. Although the water wheel made by the Rodney Hunt Com- pany previous to Mr. Harris's patent was held in high esteem by manufacturers, and sales had been quite large, the new wheel soon took a leading rank among the other makes of wheels, and sales increased from year to year, in a few years amounting to more than double the number per year over sales of the old wheel. Mr. Harris, while a resident of ( )range, has served on various town committees, but has declined to be a candi- date for any town office. He is not a member of fraternal orders or of clubs. In politics he is a Republican, and in religious faith a Congregation- alist, a member of the Congregational church of Orange. He was married January 25, 1873, to NELSON E. HARRIS. Miss Evie .Sophia Sawyer, of Bo.xford. They have had five children : Herbert N., Edward E. (died August 3, 1894), Evie L., Carl C, and Philip T. Harris. H.VRRIS, William Orlando, of Maiden, manu- facturer, was born in Athol, May 19, 1855, son of W. O. HARRIS. school and at a business college in Lawrence, to which place the family moved when he was a boy of twelve, after living two years in Boxford. He began work at the age of seventeen w'lth the Rodney Hunt Machine Company, and has been connected with it ever since. Beginning as an apprentice at the trade of mill-work, and serving an apprenticeship of five years, he next became foreman on outside work. Then, after a service of five years in this capacity, he travelled a num- ber of years as salesman for the concern, and on the 1st of January, 1894, was elected secretary of the company, the position he now holds. He is connected with the order of ( )dd Fellows as a member of the United Brothers Lodge of Law- rence. In politics he has been a steadfast Repub- lican, always voting the "straight" ticket. He was married .September 5, 1876, to Miss Elizabeth Gemmell, of Lawrence. They have had five chil- dren, four of whom are now living : Mertie, Bertha, Raymond, and Elmer Harris. After a residence of twenty-five years in Lawrence Mr. Harris moved to Maiden in the summer of 1S94. MKN OK PROGRESS. 487 HARRIS(^N. Frank, of Boston, publisher and teacher of shorthand, is a native of ()hin, horn in Springfield, June 13, 1857, son of Edward and X'irginia Frances (Gelwicks) Harrison. He is of the Harrison family of \'irginia. His education was begun in the common schools, and developed in the printing-office and by self-teaching. He started at the age of ten as " printer's de\'il," studied shorthand, and at thirteen was employed as a stenographer ; and at eighteen, moving to New York, became there a general verbatim re- porter. His first regular work as a stenographer was with the Hon. John W. Bookwalter, of Ohio, in whose office he remained three years, 1870-73. In 1874-75 he was stenographer for James Leffel & Co., Springfield, Ohio. After his removal to New York he was some time in 1876 stenographer to the late Hon. Leon Abbett, of New Jersey; in 1877-78-79 was stenographer in General Chester .\. Arthur's office ; in 1880 was private secretary to A. M. Palmer, theatre manager; and in 1881 private secretary to James Redpath, journalist. F'rom 1S82 to 1S8S, while continuing work as a general verbatim reporter, he was also much in- has published Frank Harrisnit's Slioitltand Maga- zine since 1888, and Frank HarrisoiCs Family Magazine for two years, both publications being successful and enjoying large circulations. Since 1886 he has also been largely engaged in conduct- ing shorthand schools in New York, Newark, N.J., and Boston, and at present conducts one in the latter city. He has trained upward of three thousand stenographers. He enjoys e.\cellent health, vigor, and energy, as a result, he is satis- fied, of the plain, simple life he leads, as much as possible in the country, and of his activity. He works at many things each day, is an optimist, and thinks the world is getting better every second. In politics he is an Independent. He is a member of the Orange, N.J., Lodge of the order of Elks, of the Boston Press Club, and hon- orary member of shorthand societies in all parts of the world. He has never married. FRANK HARRI.SON. terested in journalism, printing, and publishing. In 1 89 1 he moved his business from New York to Boston, where he has since been established. He HAYNES, Stilhtan, of F'itchburg, member of the bar, is a native of Townsend, born April 17, 1833, son of Samuel and Eliza (Spaulding) Haynes. He is of Puritan and Revolutionary ancestry, whose religious belief was thoroughly evangelical, all firm adherents of Orthodo.x; Con- gregationalism, his father and mother, brothers and sisters, also being members of that church. After a preliminary training in the public and private schools of his native town he attended Leicester Academy, the Normal School at Lancaster, and Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N.H., where he graduated in 1859, ranking well, and excelling particularly in mathematics. During the years of preparatory study he taught advanced village schools at several places to obtain funds to en- able him to acquire a thorough education in lan- guages, literature, higher mathematics, and engi- neering; and, whenever the earnings from this occupation fell short of the needed sum, he re- sorted to manual labor. He was also some time an associate teacher at New Ipswich Academy, and a student with Elihu T. Quimby, afterward professor of mathematics and civil engineering at Dartmouth College. .After reading some of the elementary works upon law, he entered the office of Bonney & Marshall at Lowell, in 1859, as a law student, and on the 19th of June, 1861, was admitted to the Middlesex bar. He remained with Messrs. Bonney & Marshall several months longer, and then began practice in Ashburnham. 488 MEN OF PROGRESS. A vear later, in 1863, lie retiirned to Townsend, and opened an office there, continuing in practice until 1868, when he removed to Fitchburg, where he has since been steadily engaged, retaining many of the same clients through the entire period. His business has been largely conveyancing, pro- bate, and insolvency, being especially well versed in everything that pertains to bankruptcy and in- solvency practice. Thoroughly honorable in all his dealings, and indefatigable in his efforts for those who intrust their affairs to him, he has at- tained a good standing and rank in his profession. He is devoted to his family, and of the cleanest private life, and has the moral courage to stand up for his convictions, regardless of popular clamor. Mr. Haynes has always taken an interest in the highest welfare of the community, especially in all things working for the general intelligence. He was elected to the School Board in his native town when twenty-one years of age, at the first annual meeting when a voter, and was rechosen several times thereafter ; and since his removal to Fitchburg he has served nine years on the School Board of that city. In Townsend also he was ,.-«r: STILLMAN HAYNES. seers of the Poor. He is thoroughly loyal to the heritage which has come down to the Congrega- tional Church from Puritan forefathers, holding the Puritan faith as it has been broadened and lib- eralized by the remarkable scholarship of that church. He was very active in the founding of the Rollstone Congregational Church in Irie, he was engaged from the start on that paper. A few months later, Mr. Miller retiring, a new firm was 500 MEN OF PROGRESS. i formed, in March. 18S4, under the firm name of Joseph U. Wade & Company, in which Mr. Lord had a half-interest. Thereafter, in order thor- HENRY G. LORD. oughly to acquaint himself with the practical de- tails of the manufacturing business, he spent much time among the cotton and woollen mills. TvVvv (?«(/ Fabric proved successful ; but, believing that a textile trade journal on radically different lines would also meet success, he finally sold out his interest to his partner, and in September, 1887, formed a new partnership with Walter B. Guild, under the name of Guild & Lord, for the publica- tion of the Textile Worhl, an illustrated monthly magazine in which were to be incorporated a number of new features in trade journalism. ;Mr. Guild undertook the work of "outside man," and Mr. Lord that of editor and inside manager. The enterprise was successful from the beginning, and gained rapidly in circulation and advertising pat- ronage, early becoming a recognized leader in the field. It has always made a special feature of textile statistics, and is frequently quoted as au- thority in such matters. The firm of Guild & Lord also publish daily industrial news reports, the Textile Advance News, textile directories, and kindred publications. They have branch oflices city a fine chemical laboratory. Mr. Lord was one of the originators of the Trade Press Club, an association of publishers and commercial journal- ists, and has been its secretary since its establish- ment. He is also a member of the Puritan Club of Boston. He is interested in politics as a Re- publican, and when living in Boston was active in ward work, holding minor otfices in committees. He was married June 8, 1893, to Miss Adelaide Fargo, daughter of Charles Fargo of Chicago, and then established his residence in Brookline. LORING, George Fullington, of ]?oston, architect, is a native of Boston, born March 26, 185 1, son of George and Harriet A. (Stoodley) Loring. His father was a native of liarnstable, born F'ebruary 24, 1824, second son of David (born April 14, 1792) and Elizabeth Kelley) Loring, and grandson of David (born 1750) and ^Liry Ciray Loring, also of Barnstable. His mother was a daughter of James Stoodley, a native of Berwick, Me., and Sarah (Waldron) Stoodley, a native of Newington, N.H. He was educated in the Boston public schools. After leav- GEORCE F. LORING. ing school, he entered the city surveyor's office, City Hall, as draughtsman, and was the head in New York and Philadelphia, and in the latter draughtsman there for many years. He began MEN OF PROGRESS. 501 tiie systematic study of architecture in uSSo, and three years later opened an office, and engaged in its practice. In 18S9 he formed a partnership with Sanford Phipps, of W'atertown, under the firm name of Loring & Phipps, with office in Boston, which association has since continued. Among the more important buildings which Mr. Loring has designed are the Havemeyer School, Green- wich, Conn.; Everett High School; Athol High School: Montclair, N.J., High School; Miner Hall. Tufts College; the Glines and the Pope School, Somerville ; and school buildings at Nashua, N.H., Eraintree, Mass., Hingham, Mel- rose, lirookline, and Ware. Mr. Loring is a member of the Boston Society of Architects, a P'reeniason, an Odd Fellow, and a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and belongs to the Central Club of Somerville. He was mar- ried July 16, 1873, to Miss Sarah Frances John- son, of Charlestown, daughter of the late John B. Johnson, a descendant of Captain Edward John- son, Kent, England, who died at W'oburn, Mass., in 1699, and of Jotham Johnson and Eunice Reed, of Burlington, her grandmother being Su- sanna Tufts of Charlestown, daughter of Samuel Tufts, and her mother, Sarah Ann (Poor) Tufts, daughter of Samuel Poor, of Woburn, and Lydia Sprague, of Maiden. They have four children : Ernest Johnson, Ralph Stoodley, Gladys, and Marjorie Loring. Mr. Loring resides on High- land Avenue, Somerville, and has been closely identified with the interests of that city since 1868. McDERMOTT, Charles Hubert, of Boston, editor of the Boot ami Shoe Recorder, is a native of England, born in Coventry, February 28, 1849, son of Hugh and Emma (Cox) McDermott. His father was Irish, and his mother English. The family came to this country in 1850, when he was a year old, and settled in Wisconsin, where his boyhood was spent. He attended the public schools at Kenosha, \\'is., graduating at the high school, and studied three years at Michigan Uni- versity, Ann Arbor, in the class of 1868. He first engaged in the tanning business at Kenosha, which he entered in 1868. Four years later he moved to Chicago, and there was employed on the daily press as a reporter for the Chicago Times and writer for other publications. In 1879 he began the publication of a trade paper, the Shoe and Leather Review. This he continued until 1884, when he sold out his interest and moved to Boston, where he joined with William L. 'I'erhune in the publication of the Boot and Shoe Recorder, now \ CHAS. H. McDERMOTT. the largest weekly trade paper in the world. In politics Mr. McDermott is a Republican. He is a member of the Algonquin, Old Dorchester, and Chickatawbut clubs. He was married April i, 1877, to Miss Carlotta Gonzalez de Susini. 'I'hey have two children living : Juanita Isabel and Charles Susini McDermott. MACDONALD, Rev. Loren Benj.vmix, of Boston, pastor of the New South Church, Tremont Street, is a native of Nova Scotia, born in the town of Newport, January 21, 1857, son of Ed- ward and Matilda (Mosher) Macdonald. His paternal grandparents were Scotch ; and on the maternal side he is also Scotch, but farther back. He came to Massachusetts when he was a lad of seven, and has lived in the United States ever since. When he was about ten years old. his father died ; and from that time he was obliged to make his way by his own efforts. By persistent efTort and much self-teaching he managed to ob- tain a liberal education, w^hile supporting himself through work of various kinds. He first attended 502 MEN OF PROGRESS. tlic public schools of Newton, afterward the Har- istence for thirty years, and before he took charge vard Divinity School, and finally Harvard College, of it had had but two pastors, — the Rev. William which he entered after preaching three years, P. Tilden and the Rev. George H. Young. The church itself is under the control of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches. It is a free church and aims to meet the needs of people in moderate circumstances. Under the present pastorate the congregations have slowly increased ; and it has made its presence felt in the neighbor- liood, in charitable work among the needy. Mr. Macdonald is a member of the Boston Association of Ministers, and is secretary of the Suffolk Con- ference of Unitarian Churches. He is a Royal Arch Mason, but belongs to no clubs. In politics he is an Independent. He is unmarried, and lives with his mother, who has kept house for him for twenty )'ears. MEEH.AN, P.VTRicK, of Boston, large real es- tate owner and operator, is a native of Ireland, born in County Fermaugh, March 15, 1834, son of Thomas and Katharine (McMorrow) Meehan. He was educated in the national schools in the town of Garrison, and also through private instruc- LOREN B. MACDONALD. beginning in the junior class and graduating with the A.B. degree in 1S86. From the age of sixteen to twenty-one he was clerk in a wholesale boot and shoe house in Boston, and during that time prepared himself to pass the examinations for ad- mission to Harvard by studying evenings ; and he entered the Divinity School the next day after leaving the store. He graduated there with the degree of B.l). in 1881. The next three years, 1 88 1 to 1884, he was settled over the Unitarian church at Ellsworth, Me. While a student in college he supplied the pulpit at Shirley, Mass., and continued there until 1887, his service cover- ing two years. After graduation in 1886 his health gave out ; but he soon recovered, and has been in good physical condition since. From 1888 to 1 89 1 he was settled over the Unitarian church at Wolfeboro, N.H. Then he came to Boston to take charge of a new society on Hunt- ington Avenue, called the Church of the Good Samaritan ; and in 1S92 minister and people went to the New South Church, on the corner of Tre- mont and Camden Streets, where he has since continued as pastor. This church has been in e.\- .m. ^ .-'- • /^ PATRICK MEEHAN. tion. Coming to this country in 1846, his first work here was on a Connecticut farm. After- wards he was some time employed on the old MEN OF PROGRESS. 503 Boston, Hartford, & Erie Railroad, now part of was in 1840 a cow pasture, which the brothers the New 'i'ork & New England system, and then bought at a low price, built upon, and sold when went to New Orleans, where he followed steam- they could. In 1846-47 he took an active part in boating for several years. .Sympathizing with the Union cause and desiring to vote for Abraham Lincoln for President, he returned to Massachu- setts in i860. Subsequently he engaged in the contracting business in Boston, in which he pros- pered, retiring in the early eighties with a compe- tence. Since that time he has been an extensive operator in real estate, largely in the Roxbury 1 )istrict of Boston, and is counted among the heavy tax-payers. He was one of the original owners of the Boylston Brewery. In politics he is classed as an independent Democrat, and he has been especially interested of late years in municipal politics. Mr. Meehan was married April 5. 1864, to Miss Mary Sheehan. They have nine children : Katie A., Thomas F., Minnie E., John J., William P., Annie G., Helen P., Alice M., and Florence C. Meehan. METCALF, Erastus Loveli., of Franklin, mer- chant and manufacturer, is a native of Franklin, born July 4, 18 14, son of Preston and Lucretia (Hill) Metcalf. He is of one of the early families of Norfolk County. His earliest known ancestor was Leonard Metcalf, bishop of Tetterford, Eng- land, born in 1545. Persecution caused Leonard's son Michael, born 1586, and wife, with nine chil- dren, to emigrate in 1637 ; and they settled in Dedham. In 16S4 Ebenezer, son of Michael, Jr., settled in North Franklin on the banks of the Charles River, on land granted for services in the Indian wars. This grant was held entire in the family until 1830, and a portion still remains in its possession. Erastus L. was brought up on the farm, and his schooling was confined to the common country schools of his day. His training for what has proved to be a most active life was obtained in work on the old farm for his father until he was sixteen years old, and in the cotton mills for three years. Then he engaged in the building, lumber, and grain trade, which was his business for a long period. In 1840 his brother, Otis F., joined him under the firm name of E. L. & O. F. Metcalf ; and this remained without a change or a break for forty years, when in 1881 he sold his interest to Otis F. and sons. During the partnership with his brother he took the outside business of the firm, and advanced a number of enterprises. \\'hat is now a village of Franklin ERASTUS L. METCALF. the promotion of the Norfolk County Railroad. In constructing the road and the extension to Putnam, Conn., he furnished the sleepers to I^lack- stone, built the stations and wooden bridges, and the engine-house at Thompson Junction. In 1854 he bought the Frost water prixilege in Franklin, rebuilt the dam, and filled the mill with wood- working machinery, which greatly advanced the work of his firm. It being too far from his home, however, in 1867 he built the steam mills, still standing, in his village, embracing log-sawing and grain mill (the only ones in town), box, planing, sash, blind, doors, moulding mills, and a carpenter shop for all work. These have been a financial suc- cess, and a great benefit to the public in building up Franklin and adjacent towns. After the com- pletion of the railroad the town became a central point, and his business rapidly increased. In 1857 Mr. Metcalf engaged in a more distant enterprise, joining others in erecting a steam mill for building steamboats on the Ohio River in West Virginia. In 1 86 1 this was entirely destroyed by the Con- federates. From 1864 to 1867 he was engaged in town affairs, and again in 1S74 and 1875 as select- 504 MEN OF PROGRESS. man and otherwise. In 1874, being vice-president of the Massachusetts & Rhode Island Railroad Company, he took an active part in building that road. In 1879, when president of the Farmers' Club, he conceived the idea of building a beet sugar mill in Franklin, similar to the one in Port- land, Me., which was said to be a success. He was instrumental in forming a company, of which he became president, built the mill, and fitted it with German machinery. But, after working the first crop of beets, the farmers refused to cultivate them. Consequently, the enterprise was a failure. The excellent machinery, which had cost $60,000, was useless here ; and, thinking it might be of some value in the cane region, in 1884 Mr. Met- calf went to Baton Rouge, La., organized a com- pany there, built a brick mill, 50X100, seven stories high, and placed the machinery in it. Then he returned home. In 18S2 he went to Hampton County, South Carolina, and bought twelve thousand acres of pine and cypress lands, intending to cut the wood for the market. Having an opportunity to sell, he embraced it, and bought five thousand acres in Southern Georgia. This he also sold soon after. In 1861 he was chosen secre- tary and treasurer of the Franklin Cemetery Asso- ciation (a corporation), which position he still holds. In politics he began a Jackson Democrat, but, when Lincoln became a candidate, voted for him and gave him his hearty support. He is now a Prohibitionist. Mr. Metcalf was first married April 28, 1838, to Miss Emeline Fisher, daughter of Perez Fisher, of Franklin. She died in 1873, leaving no children. His second marriage was in 1875 to Miss Eliza H. Sawyer. They have two children : Herbert L. and Ernest L. Metcalf. MORGAN, Ernest Hall, of Boston, editor of the Roxbury Gazette, is a native of Connecticut, born in South Coventry, October 11, 1854, son of Miles Chandler and Eliza Philura (Hall) Morgan. He is of English ancestry on his father's side, a descendant of James Morgan, who came over in 1692, and settled in New London, Conn., and of Welsh on the maternal side. His paternal grand- father was one of the best of the old-time district schoolmasters ; and it was his custom during the long winter evenings to drill the grandchildren visiting the old farm, and gathered before the great fireplace, in mental arithmetic, spelling, parsing, and reading. Both he and his wife lived to a great age, the latter reaching upward of ninety-eight years. She was a reader to the day of her death, and had a marvellous memory. They lived for seventy-five years in an isolated val- ley, out of sight of neighbors ; but they managed to keep well abreast of the times through thor- ough reading of many newspapers and magazines of that period, which they carefully preserved, neatly bound. Mr. Morgan's father was also at one time a school-teacher, and subsequently be- came a fine mechanic and an inventor. He was a wide reader, and possessed an excellent library. Ernest H. was educated in district schools. At the age of eleven he went to work in the mills in W'illimantic, whither he had moved, and thereafter worked winters in the mills and summers on the farms, by the month, until he was seventeen years old. In January, 1872, he came to Boston, and entered the employ of John H. Wilcox & Co., manufacturers of church organs. For the next few years he worked at various mechanical pur- suits, devoting all his spare time to reading and stud}'. Then, in 1890, he drifted quite acciden- tally into newspaper work. Thomas W. Bicknell, ERNEST H. MORGAN. having come into possession of the Dorchester Bituvii. and having no time personally to attend to it, was casting about for a manager or a lessee, MEN OF PROGRESS. 505 and, casually meeting Mr. Morgan, suggested that he should take hold of it. He thought over the matter one night, and the ne.\t morning, abso- lutely without newspaper experience or capital, hired the paper, and went to work. Within a few months he established a job office, and two years later purchased the entire outfit. Then he branched out beyond his capital, met reverses, and was forced out of the business, leaving it, howe\'er, in good shape for his successor. Dur- ing his management the Beacon was one of the best of suburban newspapers, and few could boast a better list of contributors. Numerous valu- able historical papers by writers of repute were published in it, many original articles from Mr. Morgan's own pen, and a History of Dorchester, which has since appeared in book form. Its tone was dignified, and its columns clean. Immedi- ately after his retirement from the Beacon Mr. Morgan was given the sole management of the Roxbury Gazette by ex-Congressman M. J. Mc- Ettrick, who had just come into possession of this property ; and the singular spectacle of a paper owned by a Democrat, managed by a Republican, and run without friction, is the result. The policy is the same as that adopted for the Beacon. The paper is something more than a vehicle for local gossip. Broad questions are discussed briefly, and cheap sensationalism is avoided. Mr. Morgan is a member of the Dorchester Historical Society, of the Roxbury Military Historical Society, of the Bostonian Society, of the Boston, Suburban, and Massachusetts Press clubs, and of the order of Odd Fellows. In politics he is an independent, with Republican tendencies. He has never held nor sought office. He was married January 29, 1874, to Miss Amelia Blois, a native of Nova Scotia. They have had two children : Mabel Ernestine (living) and Alice Lincoln Morgan, who died at the age of seven. Mr. Morgan has two brothers : one, J. F., a Western business man ; and the other, Forrest Morgan, editor of the Travellers Recont, the clever little publication of the Travel- lers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn., who came into wide notice a few years ago through his work as editor of the seven-volume edition of the works of the late \\'alter Bagehot, the English writer on political economy. Jeremiah and Olive (Morse) Morton. He is a descendant of one of the Pilgrim families, his first ancestor in America having been George Morton, «-». MORTON, John Dwight, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Athol, born October 3, 1830, son of J. D. MORTON. who, as financial agent of the Pilgrims in Eng- land, purchased the "Mayflower," and took an active part in sending over that colony that landed at Plymouth in 1620, coming to Plymouth himself in 1623. Mr. Morton's great-grandfather, Richard Morton, was one of the first seven settlers of Athol. He was educated in the country schools, and at the age of fifteen began his business life in a country store in the adjoining town of Royalston. He came to Boston in 1853, entering the counting-room of Stimson & Valentine, dealers in paints, oils, and varnishes, remaining there until 1859, when he became connected with the house of Banker & Carpenter, in the same line of business, becoming a partner in that house in 1864. In 1868 the firm name was changed to Carpenter, Woodward & Morton, which continued until January i, 1893, when the business was or- ganized into a corporation under the name of Carpenter-Morton Company, Mr. Morton becom- ing treasurer and general manager. This com- pany has become one of the largest paint and oil establishments in the country, largely engaged in both the manufacture and importation of paints, 5o6 MEN OF PROGRESS. varnishes, and artists' materials. Mr. Morton was also for many years, and until the formation of the National Lead Company, the New England manager of the St. Louis Lead & Oil Company. He has been especially prominent in the estab- lishment of business organizations, local and national, which have become institutions of wide influence and importance, having been one of the founders of the Paint and Oil Club of New Eng- land (formed in 1884), and serving as its president during 1886 and 1887 ; also one of the founders of tiie National Paint, Oil, and Varnish Associa- tion, organized in 1888, of which he has also been president. He first suggested the formation of the lioston Associated Board of Trade, calling the first meeting of the representatives of its constitu- ent bodies, and taking an active part in its organ- ization, serving as its first vice-president, and, as chairman of its committee on postal affairs, was largely instrumental in securing improved mail service between Boston and New York. He is also a member of the Boston Chamber of Com- merce, of the Bostonian Society, of the Boston Art Club, and a trustee of the Boston Penny Sav- ings Bank. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Morton was married October 7, 1862. to Miss Maria E. Wesson, daughter of William C. Wes- son, of Hardwick, and grand-daughter of the Rev. William B. Wesson, a well-known Massachusetts clergyman in his day. They have three children ; Arabel (now wife of J. H. Goodspeed, treasurer of the West End Railroad Company), George C. (now associated with his father in business), and Clara Morton. ing, wiien he at once engaged in active work. He has developed a varied business, principally in cases arising out of large building contracts, many MURPHY, James Richard, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, July 29, 1853, son of James and Catherine Murphy. His early education was accjuired in the Boston public schools ; and he received his college train- ing at Boston College and at the Georgetown University, Georgetown, D.C., where he was grad- uated in 1872. He was instructor in the classi- cal departments of Loyola College, Baltimore, and Seton Hall College, New Jersey, for three years, and then began his legal studies, attending the law school of Boston LTniversity and reading in the Boston offices of the Hon. Benjamin Dean and Judge Josiah G. Abbott. He took the de- gree of LL.B. at the law school in June, 1876, and was admitted to the bar October 16 follow- JAMES R. MURPHY. of them involving interesting questions of law which have been carried to the court of last re- sort. He has also engaged in several important capital cases and a number of cases of public in- terest. He is a firm belie\er in trials by jury. He has never aspired to political office, being de- voted entirely to his profession. He is a mem- ber of the Catholic Ihiion of Boston, of the Old Dorchester Club, of the Royal Arcanum, and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was married November 21, 1881, to Miss Mary Ran- dall, daughter of George Baker Randall, of Balti- more. They have two children : Gertrude E. and Mary Randall Murph)'. MURRAY, Michael Joseph, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in \\'estborough, June 18, 1867, son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Byrne) Murray. His parents and grandparents on both sides were natives of County Carlow, Ireland : his father born in the parish of Rath- villy, December 29, 1820; his mother, in Ouragh, parish of Tullow, May 24, 1829 : his paternal MEN OF PROGRESS. 507 grandfather, William Murray, in Ballyhackett, parish of Rath\-illy; and liis paternal grand- mother, Judith (Lawler) Murray, in Knockana, same parish ; his maternal grandfather, Patrick Byrne, in liusherstown, parish of Furntand ; and his maternal grandmother, Mary (Kavanaugh) 15vrne, in Ouragh, parish of Tullow. The edu- cation of his father and mother was begun in penal days, when English law forbade the educa- tion of Roman Catholics, and was mainly by pri- vate instructors. His parents came to this coun- try in the year 1852, and, when he was four years of age, moved to Fitchburg, where he received his education in the public schools. He was early obliged to go to work ; but he so managed that in 1886 he was able to enter the Boston Uni- versity Law School, having begun his studies in the law olifice of the late Hon. Harris C. Hartwell, president of the State Senate in 1889. He was graduated in 1889 with honors, and was the class orator, the subject of his oration being " Inter- national Comity and Arbitration." Admitted at once to the bar at Fitchburg, he began practice in that city, but two years later, in December, 1891, representative in the (leneral Court, serving two terms, 1890 and 1891, declining a third term. In the session of 1890 he was house chairman of the committee on towns, and during his second term chairman of the committee on manufact- ures, fioth j-ears he was the youngest member of the Legislature, entering when but twenty-two years of age. He entered politics actively upon attaining his majority, but before that he had fre- quently appeared on the stump. By invitation of the Republican National Committee, he took part in the campaign of 1884, speaking in Maine, Michigan, Indiana, New York, Coniiecticut, and Massachusetts ; and since that time he has en- gaged in every campaign in the State, being espe- cially active in the canvass resulting in the first nomination of Governor Greenhalge. P'ond of public speaking, he has addressed many audiences on topics other than politics. He is a member of the Catholic Union of Boston, of the Young Men's Catholic Association of Boston College, of the Webster Chapter of Phi Delta Phi, of the Home Market Club, of the Middlesex Republican Club, and of the Boston Athletic Club. Mr. Murray was married May 4, 1892, in Lenox, by the Rev. J. H. McKechnie, of Fitchburg, to Miss Katharine T. Roche, daughter of I)a\'id and Hannah Roche, of that town. M. J. MURRAY. removed his office to Boston, where he has since been engaged in active and successful professional work. While a resident of Fitchburg, he was a NICHOLS, John We.ston, of Boston, publisher of the True Flag, was born in Hingham, June 3, 1832, son of the Rev. John and Mary (Ewell) Nichols. He is descended from Thomas Nichols, who came to Hingham in 1638. His father was a Universalist clergyman, having pastorates in Quincy, Newton, Holliston, South Framingham, Lynn, and Beverly, and in Claremont, N.H. He was educated in public and private schools, finish- ing at the Mt. Hollis Seminary. He came to Bos- ton in May, 1848, as an apprentice to newspaper printing ; and, after learning his trade, he ad- vanced steadily in the business. For a number of years he held foremanships in Boston and also in Chicago. He was some time with the late Colonel W. W. Clapp on the Saturday E^ruiiig Gazette in Boston, and subsequently with William U. Moul- ton, the former proprietor of the True Flag. He purchased the True Flag o\\ the 31st of October, 1886, and has published it since that time. He is prominent as an Odd Fellow, having held various otifices in subordinate lodges and in the Encamp- ment branch, also in the order of American Me- 5oS MEN OF PROGRESS. chanics, of which he is an ex-State councillor ; and he is connected with various Masonic bodies. He is a member of the Press and the Universalist f since, with the exception of two years spent in New York, — part of that tune as clerk in the Academy of Design, — and a short period in Vir- ginia. From 1856 to 1863 he was director of the art exhibitions of the Boston Athenaium, which he conducted with marked success. He was a founder, the first secretary and treasurer, and later, in the si.xties, president of the Boston Art Club ; and was early recognized as an authority on art matters in the city. He has been an indus- trious painter, and his work in portraiture and landscape is to be found in numerous collections of private collectors. He has been a frequent ex- hibitor in local exhibitions, notably those of the Boston Art Club, the Paint and Clay Club, and the Charitable Mechanic Association. Mr. Ord- way has been called a poet painter. "There is much sentiment in his make-up, and tender feel- ing," says Frank T. Robinson. " His trees, which hang over the lake-side and reflect their tracery upon the placid surfaces, suggest repose. His hills of New Hampshire and Vermont, with intervales of trees and pastures green, are always charmingly simple, like the life of the painter : JOHN W. NICHOLS. clubs. In politics he is a Republican, and in re- ligious views a Universalist of the Hosea Ballon type. For fourteen years, from 1876 to i8go, he was superintendent of the Broadway Universalist Sunday-school. ORDWAY, Alfred, of Boston, portrait and landscape painter, w-as born in Ro.xbury, March 9, 182 1, son of Thomas and Jerusha (Currier) Ord- way. He is of English ancestry, and of an early New England family. One of his ancestors, who lived on Tower Hill, London, was knighted ; and the first in this country came in 1630, settled in VVatertown, and afterward moved to Newbury. His great-grandfather was Dr. Nehemiah Ordway, and his grandfather, Dr. Samuel Ordway, both of Amesbury ; and his father and mother were both born there. Most of his boyhood was spent in Lowell, where his father was some time city clerk ; and he was educated in the Low'ell schools. He began the study of art in his youth, and was early making crayons and pastels. In 1845 he opened his first studio in Boston, on Tremont Row ; and he has been identified with Boston art life ever ALFRED ORDWAY. they reveal his dreams. . . . He must like his subjects in life and nature, or he cannot paint them." Since 1S61 Mr. Ordwav's studio has been MEN OF PROGRESS. 509 in Studio Building, and here he has also lived in service as councilman, representing Ward Ten tile midst of his work. He was married March covered three years, 1889-90-91; and durino- 19, i860, to Miss Annie Hill, of lioston. that period he was on many committees, including PARKER, Bow'DOiN Strong, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Conway, Frank- lin Count)', August 10, 1841, son of Alonzo and Caroline (Gunn) Parker. His paternal grand- ]iarents were George and Betsey ( Kimball) I'arker; and his maternal grandparents, Levi and Delia (Dickinson) Gunn, of old Massachusetts slock. The family moving to Greenfield when he was a lad of ten, his education was mostly at- tained there in the public schools and through pri\ate tutors. He studied law in the offices of Wendell Thornton Davis, of Greenfield, and Colo- nel Thomas William Clarke, of Boston, and was graduated from the Boston University Law School with the degree of LL.B. in 1876. He was brought up to a thorough knowledge of manu- facturing and commercial business ; and up to 1880, although a member of the bar since 1875, was largely engaged in manufacturing and as treasurer and manager of manufacturing corpora- tions. As a boy, he served an apprenticeship in the hardware business in a wholesale store in New York City. And in manufacturing he has served in all departments, — has bought and sold, served as foreman and as superintendent of mills, been book-keeper, treasurer, director, and busi- ness manager at different times. He has gained a practical acquaintance with machinery through actual working of it, and has made several in- ventions which have proved of merit and com- mercial profit. Since 1880 he has been engaged almost wholly in the practice of his profession at Boston, having previously practised in Greenfield while directing his manufacturing interests, which he sold out when he left that town and became permanently established in Boston. He has had marked success in corporation, patent, and trade- mark law, also in equity causes, and has been counsel in many important cases in the State and United States courts. Prior to his removal to ]5oston he held numerous town offices iir Green- field, including those of chairman of the Board of Assessors and engineer of the fire department ; and he has ser\ed Boston as a member of the Common Council and representative in the Leg- islature, accomplishing much notable work, and occupying a leading place in both bodies. His BOWDOIN S. PARKER. that on ordinances, as a member of which he as- sisted, in connection with Judge Richardson, then corporation counsel, and .Vndrew J. Bailey, city solicitor, in the revision of the entire code of city ordinances to conform with the amendments of the city charter. He was also identified with numerous reforms, and made valuable reports which were the basis of subsequent legislation on the use of the streets by quasi-public corpora- tions and the cost to the city of electric lighting. He was in the House of Representatives from the same ward the next two years, 1892-93, serving on the committee on the judiciary both terms, the second its chairman, and as such the leader of the House. He was also a member of the joint special committee appointed in 1892 to re- vise the judicial system of probate and insolvency courts and inferior courts of the State. He re- ported and championed many measures, and dur- ing his second term was a leading debater upon nearly every important matter before the House. He was one of the most earnest advocates of the measures providing for the sale of new issues of stock by quasi-public corporations at auction ; 5IO MEN OF PROGRESS. prohibiting free passes to members of the Legis- lature, State officers, and judges ; placing truant officers of Boston under civil service rules ; of numerous bills for the benefit and protection of workingmen ; and the notable Bay State Gas in- vestigation of 1893, introducing the order that led to it, and having an influential hand in the matter from the beginning. Colonel Parker's military career began with service in the Civil War, which he entered in 1862 as a member of Company A, Fifty-second Regiment, Massachu- setts Volunteers. He served in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged, including the assault, siege, and capture of Port Hudson, and was honorably discharged at the expiration of his term of enlistment. After the war he entered the State militia as a member of Company A, Second Regiment of Infantry, and was captain of his company in 1870-71. Upon the reorganization of the regiment in 1879 he was commissioned adjutant; in 1884 he was promoted to captain and judge advocate of the First Brigade : and in 1889 he was made assistant adjutant-general of brigade with the rank of lieutenant colonel, which position he still holds. In the Masonic order he is also prominent, being a past master, past high priest, past eminent commander of Knights Templar, and past district deputy grand master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts ; and he was founder and for many years president of the Connecticut Valley Masonic Relief Association. He holds office in numerous other societies and organizations, and is a member of the Edward W. Kinsley Post, No. 113, of Boston, Grand Army of the Republic, of the Massachusetts Union of Knights Templar Commanders, of the Boston Lodge Knights of Honor, of the Winthrop Yacht Club, of the Bostoniana and Middlesex clubs. In politics he is a Republican. He has written con- siderably for the press, and has made many ad- dresses on public occasions. He compiled and edited the Massachusetts Special Laws for the five years 1889-93, published by the Common- wealth. Colonel Parker was married June 25, 1867, by the Rev. Stephen H. Tyng, Jr., D.D., at the Church of the Holy Trinity, New York, to Miss Katherine Helen Eagen, of that city. They have one daughter : Helen Caroline Parker. vania, born in Spring, Crawford County, April 3, 1827, son of James and Nancy (Holt) Patterson. He descends on his father's side from a Scotch- Irish family which settled in Central Pennsylvania about the middle of the eighteenth century. On his mother's side he is of English origin, descend- ing from the family to which belonged Sir John Holt, who was Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench in the time of William III., and was an ardent supporter of English liberty. His edu- cation was private, in the main, under the instruc- tion of his father, who was a teacher and liberal scholar. He was cut off from the realization of ^' PATTERSON, Rev. Adoniram Judson, of the Roxbury District, Boston, is a native of Pennsvl- A. J. PATTERSON. collegiate hopes and plans by his father's death. But he continued his studies under the instruction of an uncle, brother of his father (and an inmate of his home), who was an excellent classical scholar. His theological training, also private, was under the direction of the Rev. Ami Bond and the Rev. B. F. Hitchcock, of the Universalist Church, and Professor Huydekoper, of the Mead- ville Theological Seminary. While pursuing these studies in an earnest but irregular way, he also for several years taught in the public school in autunni and winter, attending to the management of the home farm in spring and summer. In the spring of 1853 he was offered a business partner- MEN OF PROGRESS. 511 ship in Cleveland, Ohio, uliicii promised alnuist certain fortune. lUit his heart was set upon the ministry: and, declining the otYer, he was licensed to preach by the Lake Erie Association of Ihiiver- salists in June of the same year. From that time on his services were in constant demand. He went near and far, preaching Sundays and week evenings, in churches, barns, school-houses, groves, — anywhere that a congregation could be gathered to hear him. He was ordained in June, 1854, at a session of the Lake Erie Association. His first settlement as pastor was at Girard, Penna., in .\ugust. 1853. Here he remained two years. I!ut, in giving himself to the regular work of a church, he did not abandon the wide field which he had sown. He continued to hold services on Sunday and week-day evenings in many towns, covering a wide circuit, in Erie and Crawford counties. In June, 1855, Mr. Patterson accepted a call to the Universalist chinch in Portsmouth, N.H. Here he was settled eleven years, not only doing the work of the large parish, but answering calls for pastoral and preaching ser- vice in many adjacent places in New Hampshire and in Maine. The Portsmouth pastorate cov- ered the years of the Civil War. Mr. Patterson gave himself to the cause of the country with burning devotion. He resigned his pastorate, in- tending to enter the army ; but his parish declined to accept the resignation. Then he paid the requisite bounty, and sent a soldier into the field. The spring and summer of 1864 he passed with the army of Virginia, serving as chaplain at large. During this time he ministered in various ways to the needs of more than ten thousand sick and wounded men. He also distributed in the trenches nearly thirty tons of sanitary stores. Returning from the army, he threw himself with all the energy of body and soul into the campaign which resulted in the second election of Abraham Lin- coln, preaching the gospel of liberty and union all over the State during the week, and coming home to give the same gospel another setting be- fore his congregation on Sunday. As representa- tive from Portsmouth, he served in the New Hampshire Legislature of 1866, and was not ab- sent from a single session from first to last, though he did not fail to meet his congregation at any service of the church while the Legislature was in session. The nomination for Congress was strongly urged upon him by his political friends, which nomination at that time was equivalent to an election. He felt its fascination, for he had tasted of legislation and found that he enjoyed it. But he could not go to Congress without sur- rendering, for a time at least, the work of his chosen profession. This he was not willing to do, and accordingly he positively declined to let his name appear before the nominating convention. In June, 1866, Mr. Patterson w'as called to the pastorate of the Roxbury L^niversalist Church. He accepted this call, and entered upon its duties in September of the same year. Here he not only gave himself with earnest devotion to all the work of his church, but he had a watchful eye to the affairs of the city, and a helping hand to the inter- ests of education and religion wherever he could serve. In 1874 he was elected to the presidency of the Massachusetts Convention of Universalists, which position he held for five consecutive years, and until he declined a re-election. He has been from its foundation a member of the Board of Trustees of Dean Academy. His interest in the secular and religious education of young men is seen in that during his Ro.xbury pastorate more than twenty young men, members of his church, took their degree at Tufts College, and entered the ministry. During the summer and autumn of 187S Mr. Patterson made the tour of Europe and wrote a series of letters of travel, which were pub- lished in the Boston Hoiin- Joiinia/, and quite widely copied by the press of the country. He has published in book form a " Centennial His- tory of the Universalist Church in Portsmouth" and a " Semi-centennial History of the Roxbury Church,"' together with numerous pamphlets, ser- mons, and magazine and newspaper articles. Worn by incessant and long-continued applica- tion to the work of his profession, Mr. Patterson's health gave way, and he suffered a severe and prostrating illness. His physician assured him that absolute rest was needful if he could hope to live. Accordingly, in March, 1888, after a service of nearly twenty-two years, he surrendered the pastorate of the Ro.xbury parish. In April follow- ing his resignation was accepted ; and he was elected pastor emeritus, which position he still holds. The Rev. Dr. E. L. Rexford was on his recommendation chosen as his successor. After a year of rest and freedom from care he felt new strength returning. Then he put on the armor again. He had made up his mind never to change his home or accept another pastorate. Accordingly, he gave his time to pioneer and other 512 MEN OF PROGRESS. work. In 1889 he gathered and organized a church in Omaha, Nets. In 1890-91 he served the financial interests of Tufts College, securing many permanent scholarships and kindling new interest in collegiate education all over New Eng- land. In 1892 he carried the banner of his church to the remotest corners of Maine. In 1894 he gave himself to a struggling church in Natick. And at the close of that year, his own church in Roxbury being without a pastor in the removal of Dr. Rexford, he resumed its care while it was seeking a new pastor. Mr. Patterson was married August 26, 185 1, to Miss Jane Lippitt, daughter of Daniel and Catherine (Burch) Lip- pitt, in Rundell, Penna. The Lippitt family emi- grated from Rhode Island, when it first receives historic mention in 1636. Mrs. Patterson has given sympathy and co-operation to her husband in all his work and plans. A woman of refined culture and excellent literary taste and ability, together with unusual religious fervor, she has been a real helper to him. She has often occu- pied his pulpit in his illness or absence, and by special request of the parish she took entire charge of Mr. Patterson's work during his absence in Europe. She is the author of several valuable books, and has been an accomplished writer in prose and verse for more than forty years. She is, and for many years has been, editor of the " Home Department " of the Christiati Leader. These earnest workers are passing the afternoon of a happy life in their pleasant home on Maple Street, near Franklin Park, one of the finest loca- tions in Roxbury, occupying a sunny upland, sur- rounded by lawns, and pear, apple, and flower gardens, with an outlook from their windows which takes in miles of city and sea. PERIN, Rev. George Landor, of Boston, pas- tor of the Every-Day Church, is a native of Iowa, born in Newton, Jasper County, July 31, 1854, son of Caleb and Mary J. (Metteer) Perin. His paternal grandparents were of New England birth, but of English extraction. His maternal grand- father was born in the north of Ireland (Protes- tant) ; and his maternal grandmother was born in America, but of Welsh parents. His early edu- cation was attained ui the district school. He spent four terms in Willamette University, Salem, Ore., but did not graduate. Subsequently he at- tended the Divinity School of St. Lawrence Col- lege, Canton, N.Y., and was graduated there in June, 1878. From the age of sixteen to twenty he was engaged in hard work on an Oregon farm. He was ordained to the ministry in September following his graduation from the divinity school (1878), in Kent, Ohio, and was first settled over a country church in Geauga County, that State, at an annual salary of S300. Here he remained two years. In August, 1880, he took charge of the Universalist church in Bryan, Williams County, Ohio; and two years later, in December, 1882, he was called to the pastorate of the Shawmut Uni- versalist Church, Boston. His service here was begun on the first Sunday in January, 1883, and closed on the last Sunday in January, 1890, his resignation being tendered in order to accept an invitation of the trustees of the Universalist Gen- eral Convention to take the leadership of the first foreign mission of the Universalist Church, — a mission to Japan. Almost immediately after his acceptance pledges of $61,000 were made to carry on the work for five years. Mr. Perin sailed with his family and coworkers from San Francisco for Japan on the 5th of April, 1890, and arrived in GEO. L, PERIN. Yokohama on the 2 2d of that month. Four years were spent in organizing the mission. A church building was erected in Tokyo. Outposts were MEN OF PROGRESS. 513 established in Sendai, Hoden, Okitsu, Sliidzuoka, Nagoya, and Osaka. Two schools for girls were opened, also a theological school, and a monthly magazine started. Mr. Perin also made some con- siderable progress in the study of the Japanese lan- guage. He returned to Boston in May, 1894, and within a week after his arrival received a call to become once more the pastor of the old church on Shawmut Avenue. He finally accepted on con- dition that the name of the church should be changed, the methods changed to those of an "in- stitutional church," and the sum of $50,000 be secured to run the institution for a period of five years. The conditions were met, and the new movement under his leadership was promptly started and developed under the name of the " Every- Day Church." Although he was of great service in opening the Japan mission, he regards the enterprise of this church as furnishing the real opportunity of his life. It is his hope to build up a great unsectarian institution at the South End of Boston, with all the equipment of the best institu- tional churches, which shall rank with the noblest philanthropies of the city. To this end he has thrown himself into its development with charac- teristic energy, Mr. Perin belongs to no clubs. He is, however, connected with the order of Odd Fellows and the Masonic fraternity, a member of Boston Commandery, of which for two years he had the honor to serve as prelate. In politics he is an Independent, "without a grain of reverence for party names," as he frankly declares. He was married January 22, 1878, to Miss Vinnie Dan- forth, of Peru, Ohio. They have four children : Vera, Melva, Mary Metcalf, and Donald Wise Perin, reporter of the Boston Daily Nc7ijs for some time under E, D. Winslow ; was reporter on the Boston Post for five years, reporter on the P>oston Journal PRATT, George Henrv, of Newton, editor and proprietor of the Newton Journal, was born in Newton, March 18, 1857, son of Joseph R, and Elizabeth Parker (Ward) Pratt. His ancestors were early settlers in Boston and Chelsea ; and the old family homestead, dating from 1670, is still standing in Prattville, Chelsea. He was educated in the public schools of Newton. He entered the employ of the then publishers of the Newton Jour- nal when a boy of thirteen years, and learned the printing trade in all its branches and the general work of a weekly newspaper. Subsequently he became a stenographic reporter, and practised in the courts in Boston, at the State House, and elsewhere. He also held the position of general r'''^ GEO. H. PRATT. for thirteen years, and was employed on the Bos- ton Advertiser and the Evening Record as Newton correspondent. Meanwhile he rose from compos- itor to reporter and then to editor of the Newton Journal, and in 1882 purchased the entire news- paper and job printing establishment. In later years he added new machinery, twice enlarged the paper, changed it from a folio to a quarto ; and to-day it is considered one of the leading W'eeklies in the suburbs of Boston, Mr, Pratt is a member of the Massachusetts Suburban Press .Association, of the Massachusetts Republican Ed- itorial Association, and of several Newton organi- zations, including the Newton Council, American Legion of Honor, the Channing Council, Royal Arcanum, and the Newton Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen. In politics he is a Repub- lican. He was married in 1876, and has three daughters. He resides in Newton, where he is largely interested in real estate, and has a sum- mer residence at Winthrop, RANSOM, Colonel Chauncev Monroe, of Boston, editor and publisher of the Standard, an 514 MEN OF PROGRESS. insurance journal, is a native of New York, born in Lancaster, Erie County, April i8, 183 1, son of Robert and Orrana (Monroe) Ransom. On the paternal side he is of English ancestry, and on the maternal of Scotch. He received a good educa- tion, principally at the Genesee and \\'yoming Academy, Alexander, N.Y. At the age of seven- teen he became a school-teacher, teaching through the winter months, and from that time was hard at work at other occupations during the year. For a while after his experience at school-teaching he was engaged in mercantile pursuits, soliciting fire insurance at odd hours, until in 1856 he removed C. M. RANSOM. to Chicago, and established himself in the manu- facturing business. Two years later he was over- come by the panic, and moved to Cincinnati, where he soon became active as the secretary of the Cincinnati Home Fire Insurance Company, re- maining in this position until 1867, when he was made vice-president of the Home iSIutual Life In- surance Company, and two years later engaged with the Missouri Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany of St. Louis. His first entry into the jour- nalistic field was made in 1871. in .September of that year purchasing a half-interest in the Dalti- more Underwriter. He retained his connections with that journal until March, 1878, when he sold his interest, and purchased the Index, at that time published monthly in Boston. This he conducted on its original lines for four years, then renamed it the Standard, and on the first day of January, 1883, changed it to a weekly. Under his direc- tion it has been a prosperous journal and one of the most enterprising newspapers in its special field. Outside of the Standard i;ak Mantelburt, of Pittstield, member of the Berkshire bar, was born in Chesh- ire, Berkshire County, March 19, 1834, son of Simeon and Reliance E. (Brown) Wood. He obtained a thorough education, and was well fitted for his profession entirely through his own efforts, his parents, worthy, but poor, being unable to give 534 MEN OF PROGRESS. him the tiainini; he earnestly desiretl. He at- tended the common schools and several acad- emies, — the Connecticut Literary Institute at Sufifield, Conn., the W'estfield Academy. Westtield, Mass.. and the New York Conference .Seminary, Charlotteville, N.V., — and entered \\'illiams Col- lege, third term freshman, in the class of 185S, remaining there till the close of the first term junior, when he entered Union College in the same class, and graduated in 1S58. In college he stood well, excelling especially in literary work and in debates. He began the study of law dur- ing the latter part of his senior year in the office ,^« ^ E. M. WOOD. of John C. VVolcntt, of Cheshire. Subsequently, in May, 1859, he entered the law office of M. K. Lanckton in Pittsfield, and there continued his reading until December following, when he was e.xamined in open court by the late Judge Putnam, of the Superior Bench, and, successfully passing, was admitted to the bar. He opened his office in Pittsfield on the ist of April, 1S60, and has been in active practice there ever since, one of the busiest lawyers in Berkshire County during his entire professional life. He has been retained in many important causes, and has probably tried more cases in court than any other attorney in the county. He is conscientious in the management of his cases, a strong fighter for what he believes to be right, and has always striven earnestly to protect the rights of his clients. Early in his career he was elected commissioner of insolvency three times, serving in all nine years. In 1868 he was appointed commissioner of the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Massachusetts, which office he still holds ; and in 1880 he was selected by the Hon. A. J. Water- man, then district attorney, to assist him in the duties of that office, since which time he has been assistant district attorney for Berkshire County. It has been said that indictments prepared by him are never '• quashed." In politics Mr. Wood is an Independent, voting for the best man and the best measures irrespective of party. He has held no public office other than legal, his life having been devoted to his profession. A genial gentle- man, with a high sense of honor, successful in his professional work, he is a good specimen of a self- made man. He was married November 17, 1S58, to Miss Mary C. Hubbard, of Pittsfield, daughter of William Hubbard, one of Pittsfield's prominent men. They have a daughter and a son : M. Anna (now a teacher in ^^■ellesley College) and Arthur Hubbard Wood (graduate, 1894, of the Yale Law School). WYMAN, Isaac Chauncv, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born January 31, 1S2S, near Salem, at "Forest River," then called " Wy- man's Mills," from the owner's name. He is of Puritan descent. His mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Ingalls, and she was married in 1820. She was daughter of Henry Ingalls (U.S.N.) and Susan (lirown) Ingalls. His father, Isaac Wy- man, born on the ist of January, 1762, at Cam- bridge, Second Parish, died at Salem in 1836, was in the engagements of Le.xington and Bunker Hill, at the siege of Boston acted in place of Reed who was Stark's lieutenant colonel, and thereafter served until the peace. The rest of his life was passed in active business. He was the son of Hezekiah Wyman, a soldier b)' profession, serving in Wolfe's campaign and elsewhere. Hezekiah Wyman was born in Woburn, son of Captain Wyman, memorable for the conduct of " Love- well's Fight," and who finally died of his wounds. His father was Lieutenant Seth M'ynian, of Wo- burn. who died in 17 15, son of Lieutenant John Wyman, who was born about the year 162 1 in MEN OF PROGRESS. 535 England, immigrated to New Knglaiid aliout 1640, and died at W'oliurn. He was third son of Fran- cis W'yman, of the manor of W'estmill, Herts, * il "Wanderer," the hist of tiie African slave-traders, was captured, convicted, and condemned. 'J'he famous fugitive slave cases of Sinims and Burns were also of this period; and he was variously employed in the conduct of these and other causes. In 1862 the Thomas connection was dis- solved, and Mr. W'yman entered upon business alone. The practice before that time had been mostly in the branches of shipping and mercantile law. Having become a bank president (elected in about the year i860 president of the Marble- head National Bank, one of the oldest banks in the country, and one of the three that survived the troubles of 1835), he thenceforward engaged more particularly in banking, real estate, and finance, with the law of those branches. A sufficiency of success has attended his pursuits first and last, and adequately rewarded the effort and industry employed. YOUNG, James Harvev, of Boston, portrait painter, was born in Salem, June 14, 1830, son of William and Hannah (Harvey) Young. He w-as ISAAC C. WYMAN. F.ngland, where Francis died in 1658. Such is the American lineage of the subject of this sketch. The name is of Norse origin, and quite common with Norse peoples. It is spelled with / and j' in- discriminately, and often after the ancient form of Wymund or Wymounth. Isaac C. Wyman's early life was passed at public boarding-school. After that he was four years at Princeton in the College of New Jersey, graduating there in 1S48 with the degree of A.B., and receiving, in 1858 the degree of A.M. He took the regular law course and the degree of LL.B. at Harvard in 1850, and after the law school read in Boston with the old law firm of Hallett & Thomas; then in 185 1 was ad- mitted to the bar in Suffolk County. Thereafter he served for a while as assistant to the United States commissioner and the United States dis- trict attorney during the incumbency of the Hon. B. F. Hallett (Brown University). Afterwards forming a connection with Charles G. Thomas (Harvard University), he was engaged exclusively in the practice of law' for eleven years. During his term with Mr. Hallett occurred some notable trials. Captain Oaksmith, with his vessel, the J. HARVEY YOUNG. educated in the private school of Jonathan Fo.x Worcester in Salem, and began the study and practice of painting when a boy. At the age of 536 MEN OF PROGRESS. fourteen he had a sign hung out as a portrait painter, and was executing portraits at five dollars each. His teacher was John Pope, of Boston, a popular portrait painter there until iS6o, and after that date of New York. In 184S he en- tered an architect's office in Boston as a draughts- man, and was so employed for four years, with intervals of painting when he could get a chance with an order. Then he opened a studio again as a professional artist, and devoted himself ex- clusively to portrait painting. It was not long before he was accorded a leading position among the artists of the city. He was one of the founders of the Boston Art Club, organized in 1854, and from 1S61 to 187 1 was director of Fine Arts at the Boston Athena:^um. The long list of notable works from his brush includes por- traits of Edward Everett (the original belonging to Mrs. E. B. Everett), of William Warren (now in Chicago in the possession of the Rice family, relatives of Warren, taken at the time of his death from Miss Fisher's famous house in Bulfinch place, which was so long his home), of William H. Prescott and Horace Mann (both in the Salem Normal School), Colonel Ellsworth, and liis avenger, Lieutenant Brownell (belonging to the Salem Cadets), General Townsend (in the Sol- diers' Home, Washington, D.C.), Thacher Magoun (for the city of Medford, in the Medford Public Library), ISarnas Sears and Professors Whitney and Hackett (at Newton Theological Institute), Peter C. Brooks and Rev. Dr. Peabody (for Exeter Academy), Professor Mulford (for Har- vard College), Rev. Dr. Hedge (for the family), John Ward Dean (New England Historic Genea- logical Society), General Wilde (for the Brookline Public Library), the Hon. M. P. Kennard, and of many other public and private individuals. A half-length, cabinet-size portrait of Everett by him is owned by Mrs. George Livermore, of Cam- bridge : and a copy of the original head is in the Boston Public Library. In the great Boston fire of November, 1872, Mr. Young's studio in the Mercantile Building, where he had long been established, was burned out with its contents. Since that time he has occupied a studio in West Street. Mr. ^'oung is prominent in the Masonic order, having been commander-in-chief of Massa- chusetts Consistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite for three years, — from 1891 101894, — and now secretary of the Massachusetts Lodge of De- liberation, an honorary member of the Supreme Council of the thirty-third degree, and president of the Ancient Accepted Association. He is a member of the Boston Art Club and of the Twentieth Century Club. He was first married in Leominster, in 1853, to Miss Francena M. Wilder, daughter of Luke and Clarissa Wilder. The only child by this marriage is Charles Harvey Young. He married second, in 1884, Miss Louisa C. Knight, daughter of Joel and Susan C. Knight, of Boston. PART VII. ADAMS, George Smith, M.D., of Westbor- ough, superintendent of the Westborough Insane Hospital, was born in Norwicli, Conn., February 7, 1848, son of Joseplr and Ann (Smith) Adams. His father and mother were both natives of Pais- h GEO. S. ADAMS. ley, Scotland. He attended the public schools of his native place till he was twelve years old, and then went to work in a factor}-, where he was employed for three years. .At the age of fifteen he went to Worcester, Mass., where he learned the machinist's trade, and for the ne.xt ten years worked at that trade. His medical studies were begun in 1873 at the Hahnemann Medical Col- lege, Philadelphia, for which he thoroughly titted himself; and after three years there he was gradu- ated with highest honors March 9, 1876. He remained in Philadelphia one year after gradua- tion ; then was for two years in successful prac- tice in Wilmington, N.C ; the ne.xt two years in Maynard, Mass., and the next five years in Worcester. He first became connected with the Westborough Insane Hospital in December, 1886, as first assistant physician. This position he held until 1892, when in February he was pro- moted to the superintendency. He is a member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy, of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society, and of the Worcester County Homceopathic Med- ical Society. He is also a member of the Worcester Society of Antiquity. He is an Odd Fellow, connected with the Quinsigamond Lodge of Worcester. In politics originally a Republican, of late years he has been an Independent. Dr. Adams was married May 30, 1878, to Miss Mary Wilco.x, daughter of Francis E. Wilcox, of Phila- delphia. They have one son : Francis Joseph Adams (born December 17, i88o). AMORY, Charles Bean, of Boston, treasurer of the Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Lowell, was born in New York, July 30, 1841, son of Jonathan and Letitia (.Vustin) Amory. His pater- nal grandparents were Jonathan Amory of Boston and Hetty Sullivan .Amory, daughter of Governor James Sullivan of Massachusetts ; and his mater- nal grandparents. Dr. John Austin, of Demerara, and Mary Redding Austin. He was educated in the public schools, grammar and high, at Jamaica Plain. He began business life in May, 1857, entering the counting-room of B. C. Clark & Co., Commercial Wharf, Boston, and remained there until the Civil War period, when he entered the army, having previously served in 1860-61 as a private in the New England Guards. He was first lieutenant of the Twenty-fourth Regiment, Massa- chusetts Volunteers, from September 2, 1861, to July, 1862, and captain from July, 1862, to May, 1864; then became captain and assistant adjutant- 538 MEN OF PROGRESS. general, Lhiited States N'ulunteers, staff of Gen- eral \\'illiam F. Bartlett ; and brevet major for gallantry in front of Petersburg, May 13, 1865. He served with his regiment in the following engagements : the Rurnside expedition to North Carolina, Roanoke Island, capture of Newberne, Tarboro, Kinston, A\'hitehall, (joldsborough, the siege of Morris Island and Fort Sumter, the charge on rifle-pits in front of Battery Wagner, Drewr3''s Bluff, and then on the stafif of General W. F. I!artlett in front of Petersburg, and at the explosion of Petersburg mine. At the latter he w-as captured and taken to Danville, Va., thence CHAS. B. AMORY. to Richland Jail, Columbia, S.C., and thence to Charlotte, N.C., where he escaped with Lieu- tenant Hoppin, Second Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. They were out five weeks, tramping over the Blue Ridge and Alleghany Mountains, striking the pickets of General Thomas's army at Greenville, East Tennessee. Then they received leave of absence for thirty days, at the end of which time Richmond had fallen and the war was practically over. Consequently Major Amory re- signed. After the war he was for two years, 1865-66, confidential clerk to Burnham &: Dexter, cotton buyers in New Orleans. The next two years. 1867-68, he was a member of the firm of Tabary & Amory, cotton brokers in New Orleans; from 1869 to 1878, a member of the firm of Jno. A. Burnham & Co., cotton buyers; and from 1878 to 1885, of the firm of Appleton, Amory, & Co., in the same business. Then, leaving New Orleans and coming North, he w-as in 18S6 elected treas- urer of the Hamilton Company of Lowell, with office in Boston, the position he now holds. Mr. Amory is a member of the Massachusetts Military Historical Society, of the Loyal Legion, and of the Somerset and Country Clubs. His residence is in Milton, where he is warden of the Church of the Holy Spirit, Mattapan. He was married June 9, 1867, to Miss Emily A. Ferriday, of Concordia Parish, La., who died July 31, 1879, leaving no children. He married second, April 30, i88i, Miss Lily Clajjp, of New Orleans. By this union are four children : Charles Bean, Jr., Leita Mont- gomery, John Austin, and Roger Amory. ANDERSON, George Weston, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Ac worth, September i, 1861, son of David Campbell and Martha L. (Brigham) .A.nderson. Of his four grandparents, three, An- derson and Campbell on the paternal side, and Duncan on the maternal side, were of the Scotch- Irish stock that settled in Londonderry, N.H. His grandfather Brigham was of English descent. He attended the village school in Acworth until he reached the age of seventeen, then began teaching in district schools, thus making his way through the academy at Meriden, N.H., and at Ashburnham, Mass. He entered Williams Col- lege in 1882, and graduated with high honors in 1886. While in college he was a leader in the debating societies, devoted much time to literary work, and read widely in history and economics, as well as in general literature. After his grad- uation he taught for a time, then entered the Boston University Law School, where he was graduated in 1890, and was immediately ad- mitted to the Suft'olk bar. Born and reared on a farm, and under the necessity of earning the means for his education, he was made self- reliant and practical, and, while an indefati- gable student, was no less vigorous in execution. Intense and persistent industry is perhaps his most marked characteristic. Success at the bar would naturally follow such a training producing MEN OF PROGRESS. 539 sucli haliits. Shortly after he began practice he itics he has been a steadfast Democrat, thoujjii became the partner of George Fred VVilhams, reared a Repubhcan. He is unmarried, then just elected to Congress, and was thrown G. W. ANDERSON. immediately into active business and with a num- ber of important cases. He was especially active in opposition to the endowment order schemes, both in the courts and before committees of the Legislature. In 1893 he was associated with Mr. Williams as counsel for the city of Boston in the investigation, before a special committee of the Legislature, of the Bay State Gas Trust, the result of which was the passage of an act reduc- ing the nominal capital of the company on which dividends were payable by three millions of dol- lars, and making a reduction in the price of gas to consumers in Boston of about four to five hun- dred thousand dollars a year. From 1S91 until the spring of 1894, when he was compelled to re- sign by pressure of business, Mr. Anderson was an instructor in equity in the Boston University Law School. He is now (1895) a member of the Boston School Committee. He is a member of the LTniversity Club, of the Twentieth Century Club, the Massachusetts Reform Club, the Minot J. Savage Club, the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, the Free Trade League, and the Immigration Restriction League. In pol- ANDERSSON, Andrew, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Sweden, born in Suterby, Socken, June I, 1852, son of Andrew and Annabrita (Johhanson) Andersson. He is of Swedish de- scent through many generations. His father was a wealthy real estate owner in his native place. He received a good academic education, and be- gan business as a clerk in a grocery store in Goteborg. In 1869 he came to this country, and some years after was followed by his father and five brothers, his mother having died in Sweden in April, 1882. Subsequently the brothers en- gaged in business hi Boston, where they are still established. The father died March 28, 1888. Mr. Andersson joined the bark " R. A. Allan" the year of his coming to the United States, and fol- lowed its fortunes for three years as second officer. Then he engaged in the restaurant business in Boston, and continued in this line, with a prosper- ous trade, until 18S3, when he became established ANDREW ANDERSSON. in the wholesale liquor business, which he has since followed. He is connected with the Ma- sonic fraternity, member of the Mount Taber, E. B. 54° MEN OF PROGRESS. Lodge ; with tlie order of Odd Fellows, member of Siloam Lodge; and with the Elks, Boston Lodge No. lo. He is a lover of fine horses, of which he owns a number, and is often met on tlie boulevards in the driving and sleighing seasons. ATWOOD, George Edwin, of Boston, mer- chant, was born in Wellfieet, October 5, 1843, son of Eleazer H. and Susan (Freeman) Atwood. He was educated in the common schools of his native town. He came to Boston in May, 1863, when twenty years of age, and there began his business GEORGE E. ATWOOD. career as a clerk in the store of Childs, Crosby, iS; Lane. In January of the following year he en- tered the employ of Rich & Putnam, trunk and bag manufacturers, one of the largest firms in that line in New England, and has ever since been connected with this establishment. In January, 1S74, he became a member of the firm, succeeding to the business under the name of Young, Reed, & Atwood ; and in May following, the present quarters, No. 32 Federal Street, were occupied. F"ive years later the firm name was changed to the present style of Rich, Reed, & Atwood. Mr. Atwood has long been prominent in Methodist denominational alifairs and in the Boston Youn"; Men's Christian Association. He is a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Bos- ton, and of its board of trustees ; a member of the board of managers and the treasurer of the Methodist City Missionary Society of Boston; and member of the board of managers of the Young Men's Christian Association. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a member of Mt. Lebanon Lodge, and was master of the lodge through the years 1S81 to 1S83. Mr. Atwood is unmarried. BARNARD, Edward Hekhert, of Boston, artist, was born in Belmont, July 10, 1855, son of Samuel and Sarah A. (Crafts) Barnard. He is descended on the paternal side from the Eng- lish family of Barnards and a French family of Vilas : and on the maternal side he descends from Lieutenant Grifiin Crafts of England. He was educated in the public schools of Belmont and in private schools, those of David Mack in Belmont and of Charles \\'are in Boston. He became a special student of architecture in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1873, and later took the prize offered by the American Society of Architects in 1875. ^" October of the latter year he entered the office of Cum- mings & Sears, where his training for this branch of professional work continued. Having, how- ever, a strong desire for more artistic work, he became a pupil of John B. Johnston in 1S76, and upon the opening of the School of Drawing and Tainting of the Museum of Fine Arts entered the antique and life class, where he remained under the instruction of the late Otto Grundmann until 1880, meantime studying landscape with Afr. Johnston. In 1882, being compelled to earn a living, he secured a position as figure designer in a well-known decorative and stained-glass house of Boston, and to this work entirely devoted four years. In 1886 he went to France, and studied a )'ear in Paris under Boulanger and Lefebvre. Then, wishing less academic and more personal instruction, he entered the atelier of Raphael C(,)I- lin, and remained there two years. \\'hile in Paris he e.xhibited portraits in the Salon of 1888 and 1889 and a ,!:;i-ii/r picture, a pastime of the Middle Ages, in the Paris E.xposition of the latter year. Returning to America in July, 1889, he ob- tained a position as instructor of drawing at the Bradford Academy. Since his return from abroad he has devoted himself mostl\' to portraits and MEN OF PROGRESS. 541 landscape, working at Plymoulh, Clialliani, and Mystic, Conn. " Surf, Ciiatliam," and " Mid- day," exhibited at the Coknnhian l'',xposition, and *^^^- ^^'! •v V also some life insurance. In 1878 he succeeded to the general real estate business of the late Alden Bartlett in the offices in Bartlett's Building, Jamaica Plain, continuing his Boston office, and since that time has conducted both offices, making twenty-five years in the same Boston office. He has made Jamaica Plain and other West Roxbury property a specialty, and his sales have reached large amounts. He has built thirty or more houses in the best sections of Jamaica Plain, several of them models of architectural beauty. He is also proprietor of the Jamaica Plain, Roslin- dale, and West Roxbury A'iic's. He is at present (1895) employed in the settlement of claims aris- ing from elevating the tracks of the Providence Division of the New York, New Haven & Hart- ford Railroad in the West Roxbury District. Mr. Barrows is an active worker in politics on the Republican side ; but he has never aspired to office, repeatedly declining to accept nominations for alderman and other positions. He is a mem- ber of the Jamaica and Eliot clubs, and of the Masonic order. He was married, April 30, 1872, to Miss Maria Louise Baker, daughter of Elijah C. EDWD. H. BARNARD. " 'I'he River Weeders " are among his later works. He is a member of the Boston Art Club. BARROWS, Rt^iswELL Storrs, of Jamaica Plain, Boston, real estate operator in the West Roxbury District and insurance agent, is a native of Rliode Island, born in Providence, June 11, 1848, son of Experience Storrs and Maria (Searles) Barrows. His father, born in Mansfield, Conn., died in 1875, was son of the late Robert ISarrous, a well- known and influential farmer in Mansfield and for twenty-five years a wholesale grocer in Provi- dence. His mother was born in Warwick, R.I., and is still living at the ripe age of eighty-three years. He was educated in the Providence public schools. His business life was begun as a clerk for his father in Providence, with whom he remained several years. In 1869 he came to Boston, and began work with the .-Etna Life In- surance Company, establisiiing his office at No. 227 Washington Street. After an experience of three years with this company he engaged in the fire insurance business on his own account, doing R. S. BARROWS. Baker, of Providence, R.I. They have three daughters : Louise B., .Mice P2arle, and Cecelia A. Barrows. 542 MEN OF PROGRESS. BEAN, Jacoi! Walter, M.D., of West Medford, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Sutton, June 7, 1855, son of William Taylor and Saliy D. (Felch) Bean. His ancestors on both sides were New England people, of strong character- istics and religious belief. He was horn on the same farm as his father and grandfather. His great-grandfather, Samuel Bean, Jr., had twelve children ; and Jacob, his grandfather, for whom he was named, was the second of these. His grand- father also had a large family of eleven children, of whom his father, William '1'., was the ninth, born July 29, 1S13, and still living. He himself J. W. BEAN. was the si.xth of seven children. He was edu- cated in the public schools and at Colby Academy, New London, N.H. Reared on the farm until fourteen years of age, he was early trained to habits of industry and frugality ; and, when he felt the desire for more education tiian the common schools and home reading could afford, he w^as ready to engage in any occupation which would enable him to obtain means for continuing his studies. After nearly three years in grammar and high schools he secured a position as assistant superintendent in the Rockingham County Alms- house and House of Correction, and here was employed for three years. Then he was able to pursue his studies in Colby Academv. He began the study of medicine in 1878 with Dr. Moses W. Russell, his brother-in-law, in Concord, N.H. Subsequently he worked some time in Boston to secure funds to meet the expense of further study, and in the spring of 1880 he attended his first course of lectures, at the University of Vermont. A course w-as ne.xt taken at the University of New York ; and then returning to the Vermont University, he was graduated there in July, 1882. He began practice the following September, set- tled in Lyme, N.H., forming a partnership with Dr. Charles F. Kingsbury, who, being one of the oldest practitioners in that section, had an extended business. The following May, being elected to the office of county commissioner. Dr. Kingsbury was frequently called from his professional work into active public service ; but the hitter's influ- ence, combined with energy and ambition on Dr. Bean's own part, brought to him a business far beyond what an)' young practitioner might natu- rally expect. He remained in Lyme until Novem- ber, 1889, when the business was sold. The following winter was spent in New York in the hospitals and in private study with several leading- specialists. Then, in the spring of 1890, he came to Massachusetts, and established himself in West Medford, where he was soon engaged in a suc- cessful practice, which has since steadily increased. In April, 1894. he w^as made a member of the local Board of Health. He is a member of the New Hampshire State Medical Society and of the White River Medical Association. He belongs to the Mt. Hermon Lodge of Masons and the Mt. \'ernon Lodge of Odd Fellows, is connected also with the Golden Cross and the Royal Arcanum as member and medical examiner, and is a member of the Medford Club. In politics he is a Republi- can. In the autunni of 1888 he was elected for two years to the New Hampshire Legislature, where he was an active and influential member, serving on several important committees. He is a member of the Congregational cliurch of \\'est Medford. Dr. Bean was married June 7, 1884, to Miss Ella S. Kingsbury, daughter of Charles F. Kingsbury, M.D. (Dartmouth, 1855). They have one child : Charles Franklin Kingsbury Bean. BENSON, Frank Weston, artist, instructor of life drawing in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, was born in Salem, March 24, 1862, son of MEN OF PROGRESS. 543 (leorge W. and Elizabeth (Poole) Benson. He of American Artists, New York, and of the Tavern was educated in the public schools of Salem. At Club, Boston. He was married October 17, 1888, the age of eighteen, in 1S80, he entered the School to Miss Ellen Perry Peirson, of Salem. They have three children : Eleanor Perry, George V.m- ery, and Elisabeth. FRANK W. BENSON. of Drawing and Painting, Boston Art Museum, and studied there three j'ears ; then went to Paris, where he studied two years in Julien Academy, under Jules Lefebvre and Gustav Boulanger. Re- turning to America in 1885, he has since been established in Boston. During 1886 and 1887 he was instructor of drawing and painting to the Portland School of Art. In May, 1889, he was appointed instructor of drawing to the school of the Boston Art Museum, and became instructor of life drawing, the position he now holds, in 1892. He has received numerous prizes for his work, the list including : the third Hallqarten prize. National Academy of Design, for picture '• Orpheus " ; the Clarke prize, National Academy of Design, for "Twilight"; the Ellsworth prize, Chicago, '"Twilight": the World's Fair medal. Chicago, " Portrait in White " ; the silver medal. Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association. Boston, " In an Old Garden " ; the first Jordan prize, Boston, 1894, "Lamplight"; first Jordan prize, Boston, 1895, "Mother and Children " ; and third Art Club prize, Boston, 1895, "Winter Storm." Mr. Benson is a member of the Society BL.XKE, Harrison Gray, M.D., of Woburn. is a native of Woburn, born January 26, 1864, son of Ebenezer Norton and Harriet (Cummings) Blake. He is a descendant in the eighth gener- ation from William Blake, who came to this country in 1630 from Essex, England, and settled in Dorchester. His paternal great-grandfather was a tinsmith on King, now State, Street in Boston at the time of the occupation of the town by the British troops, and was obliged to remove to Worcester, owing to his refusal to supply them with canteens. His grandfather was a practising physician for forty years at Farmington Falls, Me. ; and there his father was born. ( )n the maternal side he is of Scotch descent, in the eighth generation from Isaac Cummings, who was living in Watertown in 1642, and afterward removed to Topsfield, which was the home of the HARRISON G. BLAKE. family for several generations. His maternal grandfather was a tanner in Woburn. Dr. Blake was educated in the Woburn public schools, 544 MEN OF PROGRESS. graduating from the High School in the class of 1882, and at Harvard where he spent three years. Then, leaving college, he entered the Harvard Medical School, and graduated there in 1888. For three months of the same year he was assist- ant in the out-patient surgical department of the Boston City Hospital, and after graduation from the medical school took special courses of in- struction at the Children's Hospital in diseases of children and at the Massachusetts General Hospital in gynecology. Meanwhile he began practice in W'oburn in August, 18S8, and has been actively engaged there since. During the summer of 1894 he studied special cases at the Boston Dispensary. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and has served twice as censor of the East Middlesex division of the society. He is a director of the Mishawam Club, the leading social club of Woburn. Dr. Blake was married, February g, 1890, to Miss Lizzie Batchelder Dodge. They have two chil- dren : Dorothy (born April 4, 1891) and Mar- gery Blake (born January i, 1893). BRECK, Charles H. B., of Boston, head of the house of Joseph Breck & Sons, seeds and agricultural implements, the oldest in its line in the country, was born in Pepperell, August 23, 1820. He is son of Joseph Breck, the founder of the house (in 1836) and Sarah (Bullard) Breck. His education was acquired in the Lancaster Academy, ^^'hen yet a boy, he began assisting his father, and, entering the store, early dis- played e.xceptional aptitude for the business. His progress was steady and substantial ; and in 1850 he became a partner, taking the place of Edward Chamberlin, of the original firm of Joseph Breck & Co., whose interest he purchased, the firm name then becoming Joseph Breck & Son. This firm name was retained for twenty-two years, when the slight change was made to the present style of Joseph Breck & Sons upon the admission, in 1872, of his son Charles H. to the partnership. In 1885 his second son, Joseph F., was admitted, the firm name, however, remaining unchanged. Mr. Breck has been the senior member and head of the house since June, 1873, when Joseph lireck died, full of years. During his long connection with the business it has developed and expanded to large proportions, and he has become widely known throughout the country as a representative man in the trade. He has also done much in various practical ways to encourage agriculture in New England. In the Brighton District of Bos- ton, where he resides, he held numerous positions of trust before its annexation to the city, among them those of selectman for three years and member of the School Committee for six years ; and, after annexation, he was four terms, 1876- 78-79-80, a member of the Boston Board of Al- dermen, and six years, 1878-84, member of the Board of Directors of the East Boston ferries. He has been long a jjrominent member of the Massachusetts Horticultural Societv, having held CHAS. H. B. BRECK. the position of chairman of the committee of arrangements for seventeen years, and being now a vice-president of the institution. His only out- side business interest is the Metropolitan National Bank of Boston, of which he is a director. Mr. Breck was married in 1848. He has three chil- dren : Charles Henry, Joseph F., and Fannie E., who married W'illard G. Brackett, of the firm of Lilly, Brackett, & Co. BRIGHAM, Hup.ri.\RD Hammcind, M.D., of Fitchburg, was born in Shutesbury, October 31, 18 19, son of Lyscomb B. and Betsy (Hammond) MEN OF PROGRESS. 545 Brighaiu. His father was a native of Westbor- ough, and his mother of Dana. His mother had two brothers, both of whom early went South, one the first abolition presidential candidate, then be- came a Free Soiler, and afterward a Republican. He has been an active member of the Sons of Temperance and a Good Templar. He was married first, July 21, 1840, to Miss Deborah 'I'homas, of Shutesbury, by whom he had three children : George (born October 9, 1841 ), Leo- nella (born August 22, 1844), and Howard Brig- ham (born March 10, 1846) ; and married second, March 21, 1851, Miss Sarah C. Reed, of Brattle- boro, Vt., who is still li\ing. He has many friends, not only in the city, but in all the adjoin- ing towns, and is an especial favorite among the children, who delis,"ht to call him " Santa Claus." BROOKS, Walter Curtis, of Boston, mer- chant, was born in Hanover, November 3, 1854, son of Levi Curtis and Angeline Stetson (Curtis) Brooks. He is descended from William Brooks, who came from England to New England in 1635 in the ship " Blessing," and on the maternal side from \\'illiam Curtis, who came in 1632 in the ship '• I>ion." He was educated in the dis- H. H. BRIGHAM. going to South Carolina, where he afterward be- came governor, and the other to Mississippi, subsequently becoming there a celebrated physi- cian. Dr. Brigham was educated in the common and select schools of his native and adjoining towns. He began his medical studies with Hor- ace and Sumner Jacobs, of Chicopee, and gradu- ated from the Worcester Eclectic Medical College, and joined the Eclectic Medical Society of Hart- ford, Conn. He settled in Fitchburg in the spring of 1845, and after the first year, which was a sea- son of struggle, had an abundance of business with good success. In December, 1S85, he suf- fered a severe accident, being struck by a locomo- tive and thrown si.xty-five feet against a telegraph pole, breaking several ribs and injuring his hip and back, which confined him to his bed and house for four months : but, making a good recovery, he has enjoyed good health ever since. He is a member of the local. State, and national eclectic medical associations. In religious faith Dr. Brigham was brought up a P.aptist, but subsequently he embraced Spiritualism and Naturalism ; and in politics he began as an abolitionist, casting his first vote for WALTER C. BROOKS. trict school of his native town and in the English High School, Boston. His business career was begun in 1871, at the age of sixteen, in the 546 MEN OF PROGRESS. employ of John Curtis, clothier, at No. 6 North Street. Six years later he entered into partner- ship with Mr. Curtis, their store being then at No. 8 Union Street; and in 1884 he became sole proprietor of the business. In 189 1 he removed to his present quarters, at No. 15 Milk Street (the old Boston Post Building), and here devel- oped one of the largest and best known clothing establishments in the city. He is a member of the Art, Appalachian Mountain, and Athletic clubs of Boston, and of the Newton club of Newton. He was married October 13, 1880, to Miss Alice M. Harris, daughter of the Hon. William G. Harris, of Boston. They have three children : Walter C, Jr., Amy, and Phyllis Brooks. Mr. Brooks resides in Newton Centre ; and his summer place is " The Overlook," at Pocasset, embracing fifty acres of high land, commanding one of the most delightful and extensive views on the upper part of Buzzard's Bay. W. A. BROOKS, Jr. BROOKS, William Allen, Jr., M.D., of Boston, was born in Haverhill, August 15, 1864, son of William Allen and Nancy (Connor) Brooks. His great-great-grandfather, Robert Brooks, held a commission under King George in the French and Indian wars. His great-grandfather, also Robert, served in the war of the Revolution ; and his grandfather, Aaron Brooks, served in the War of 181 2. His early education was acquired in the Haverhill public schools. He was fitted for college at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, graduating in 1883, and entering Harvard, graduated there in the class of 1887. His medical studies were pursued at the Harvard Medical School, where he took the degrees of A.M. and M.D. in 1891. From the first of August, 1890, until the first of Feb- ruary, 1892, he was connected with the Massa- chusetts General Hospital as house pupil. Then he opened an office in Boston, and has since been engaged in general practice. He is now out- patient surgeon to the Massachusetts General Hospital, having been appointed in June, 1894. Since 1893 he has been an assistant in anatomy in the Harvard Medical School. He was some time a member of the Puritan Club, and now belongs to the Country, the Boston Athletic, and the Union Boat clubs. He is a member also of the Sons of the Revolution. Dr. Brooks was married November 9, 1892, to Miss Helen \\'in- chell, of New Haven, Conn. BURR, Rev. Everett Dduchtv, of Boston, pastor of the Ruggles Street Baptist Church, was born at Nyack-on-the-Hudson, N.V., January 15. 1 86 1, son of Stephen Henry and Sarah Eliza (Doughty) Burr. His mother was the daughter of Anna Maria Randell, who was the daughter of John Randell, who owned and tilled " Randell's Island" in the East River, near New York City, and was one of the early makers of upper New York. His mother's father, Isaac Doughty, was squire for many years in the settlement of Harlem, a sagacious, judicious man, of broad horizon. He attended the public schools of New \'ork City, beginning at five years of age, and prepared for college under Dr. John F. Pingry, of Elizabeth, N.J. First entering Yale, in September, 1879, he was obliged partly to suspend his studies on account of illness one year. Then he eijtered Brown University in the sophomore class in September, 188 1, and graduated there in June, 1884. His theological studies were pursued at the Crozer Theological Seminary, Chester, Penna., from whicli he was graduated in June, 1887. He was first settled as pastor of the Memorial Baptist Church in Chicago. 111., in January, 1888; and he came to Boston as pastor of the Ruggles Street MEN OF PROGRESS. 547 liaplist Church in January, 1892. His \vorl< here is on liroad Hnes, and he is engaged in many actixitios. He defines his business as humanity, natural science, received a Hcentiate certificate. Subsequently entering the Harvard Medical School, he received his degree of M.D. in 1874. Before leaving the medical school, he was house surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital. In 1876 he was appointed district physician to the Boston Dispensary, and for a number of years was surgeon to that institution. He has also been physician to the Children's Mission, and one of the directors of that institution for a number of years. He is a councillor of the Massachusetts Medical Society and a member of the Boston Society of Medical Observation and of the Boston Medical Improvement Society. He is much in- terested in fraternal society matters, and has for some time occupied the position of medical e.\- aminer-in-chief of the American Legion of Honor. He is an active Mason, being a member of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts and of the Grand Comniandery Knights Templar of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. He has published a number of articles in various medical journals which have attracted attention and been quoted by authori- ties, and has compiled valuable statistics and EVERETT D. BURR. and his life task the problem of the modern city. He is a student of social science, a friend of the working people, and an advocate of applied and practical Christianity, as evidenced in the educa- tional, philanthropic, and benevolent work of his church. In college Mr. Burr was a member of the Alpha Delta Phi and Phi Beta Kappa. He was married February 9, 1888, at Rochester, N.Y., to Miss Frances Austine Cole, of that city. They have three children : Dorothy, Frances, and Carle- ton Maurice Burr. BUSH, John St.a.ndish Foster, M.D., of Boston, is a native of Vermont, born in Burling- ton, June, 1850, son of Solon Wanton and Theoda Davis (Foster) Bush. He is descended on the paternal side from Governor Wanton, the first governor of Rhode Island, and on the maternal side from Myles Standish. His early education j. foster bush. was acquired in the Roxbury Latin School, and after graduating therefrom he took a chemical reports in relation to fraternal insurance, upon course at the Institute of Technology. Then he which subject he is regarded as an authority, entered Cornell University, and, taking a course of Besides his active membership in medical socie- 548 MEN OF PROGRESS. ties, he is an inleicsted niembtr of tiie Uostonian Society ; and his ckib associations are with the St. Botolph, University, Country, and Athletic clubs. ])r. IJusIi was married June 2, 1875, to Miss Josephine M. Nason, of Coventry. R.I. They have two children : Klla Agnes and Theoda Foster liusii. CARPENTER, William Henrv, M.I)., of Boston, was born in U.xbridge, February 21, 1837, son of Joseph and Kernace (Miller) Carpenter. He is on both sides of sturdy old English stock, from which have descended eminent physicians, WILLIAM H. CARPENTER. physiologists, and lawyers. His great-grand- father Carpenter fought in the Revolutionary War on the English side, and his great-grandfather Miller deserted from the British army and fought in the same war for American independence. His education was acquired in the public schools and at the academy in Uxbridge, and later at a private school for fitting students for teachers and col- leges, conducted by the Rev. Henry Rawson, at Thompson, Conn. Subsequently he taught dis- trict schools in Rhode Island and Connecticut for some time to obtain funds for acquiring a medical education, and then entered the University of Philadelphia, where he graduated in 1864. A dangerous malad)' affecting ears, nose, and throat, resulting from scarlet fever in childhood, brought him in contact with many medical men, which, while developing his taste for medicine, demon- strated the need of more and abler specialists ; and, after taking his degree, he decided to fit him- self for successful treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose, throat, and chest. He began prac- tice in the State of Maine, remaining there until i86g, and then removed to Boston, where he has since been established. After ten years' practice he decided to devote a few more years to study and practice in colleges, hospitals, and infirm- aries, to perfect his knowledge as far as possible in the chosen branches of his profession. He spent a year in Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- lege of New York ; a spring term at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York ; took a diploma from Dartmouth Medical College, a post-graduate diploma from the Ophthalmic and Aural Institute of New York, and another from the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; meanwhile attending clinics at the Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital and lectures at the Homceopathic Medi- cal College and Hospital. His instructors during this period embraced the following eminent list, names widely known to medical and scientific men: Professors Herman Knapp, M.I)., Austin Flint, M.D., Sr., E. R. Peasley, M.L)., LL.D., A. B. Crosby, A.M., M.D., William A. Hammond, M.D., William H. Van Buren, M.D., Austin Flint, Jr., Lewis A. Sayre, M.D., James R. Wood, M.D., LL.D., R. Ogden Doremus, M.D., Henry D. Noyes, M.D., Alexander B. Mott, M.D., E. Grenening, M.D., and others. With the admira- ble equipment thus acquired he returned to his practice in Boston, and has since been promi- nently engaged in his special field, with office at No. 2 1 2 Boylston Street and residence in Brook- line. He is a member of the New England Medi- cal Society of Specialists, and its present presi- dent. C.\RVILL, Alphonso Holland, M.D., of Somerville, is a native of Maine, born in Lewis- ton, February 4, 1843, son of Sewall and Tamar (Higgins) Carvill. He is of English and Scotch descent. His paternal great-grandfather served in the Revolutionary War, and his father in the War of 18 12. He was reared on a farm, and remained there until he reached the age of eighteen, doing farm work during the farming MEN OF PROGRESS. 549 seasons, attending the district school during the ical Society, and of the Massachusetts Surgical winter months, and sometimes a private school in and Gynjecological Society. He has always the autumn and spring months. From 1858 to taken an active interest in politics and in tem- perance movements, seeking to secure the nom- ination and election of good and trustworthy men to office. For twelve years he has served on the School Board, and has been much interested -,.>v in educational matters. Dr. Carvill was married in Cambridge, August 18, i86g, to Miss Minna S. Gray, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Swan- son) Gray. They have two children : Sewall Al- bert (born July 31, 1870) and Lizzie Maud Car- I vill (born April 27, 1873). CHOATE, Charles Francis, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, and long president of the Old Colony Railroad, was born in Salem, May 16, 1828, son of George and Margaret Manning (Hodges) Choate. He is descended from one of the oldest and best known families of Esse.\ County, a direct descendant of John Choate, the first of the name in the country, who settled at Chebacco, now Esse.x, in 1645, and died there A. H. CARVILL. 1861 he spent several terms at the Maine State Seminary; and in 186 1 entered the Edward Little Listitute at Auburn, Me., where he was fitted for college. Entering Tufts College, he was gradu- ated there in the class of 1866 with the regular degree, and in 1869 received the degree of A.M. His medical studies w^ere pursued in the Harvard Medical School, and after graduation therefrom in 1869 continued in New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago. He began practice in 1869 as a physi- cian and surgeon in Minnesota, where he re- mained until March, 1873. Then, returning to the East, he settled in Somerville in May, 1873, and has since been engaged there in general prac- tice. He served as city physician of Somerville for two years, and was instrumental in the estab- lishment of the Somerville Hospital. He was on the building committee of that institution ; and from the beginning has been a member of the Board of Trustees, the executive committee, the medical board, and the hospital staff. He is a member of the .\merican Institute of Hom(i.o]3- athy, of the Massachusetts Homctopathic Med- ical Society, of the Boston Homoeopathic Med- CHARLES F. CHOATE. December 4, 1695, ^'^^' """^ running as follows: Thomas, son of John, called governor, died April 1745 ; Francis, son of Thomas, ruling elder of the 550 MEN OF PROGRESS. church, died October 13, 1777; William, son of Francis, born September 5, 1730, died April 23, 1785, grandfather of the Hon. Riifus Choate ; George, son of William, born July 24, 1762, died 1826 ; George, son of George, born November, 1796, died 1880, a prominent physician of Salem ; Charles F. Choate, his son. Mr. Joseph H. Choate, of New York, is a younger brother. Mr. Choate's education was begun in the Salem public schools, and he fitted for college at the Salem Latin School. He entered Harvard, and gradu- ated in the class of 1849, then, taking the course of the Harvard Law School, was graduated there- from in 1852. From 1850 to 1853 he was tutor in mathematics in the college. He was admitted to the bar in September, 1854, and at once began the practice of law in Boston. From that time until 1877 he was actively engaged in professional work, largely as counsel for railroad corporations, among them the Boston & Maine and the Old Colony. He became the regular counsel for the Old Colony in 1864, and his connection with that corporation has continued unbroken from that time to the present. He was first elected a di- rector of the company in 1872, and president in 1877, remaining in the latter position since through annual elections. He was also president of the Old Colony Steamboat Company from 1S77 to 1894. ])uring his presidency of the Old Col- ony Railroad Company the policy of consolidating under one control the railroads of South-eastern Massachusetts was successfully carried out ; and the consolidated property was leased. May i , 1893, to the New York. New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company. Mr. Choate has since be- come a director of that corporation. During his presidency of the Old Colony Steamboat Com- pany, which in connection with the Old Colony Railroad Company forms the Fall River Line between Boston and New York, the company built the fleet of steamboats which are unequalled for beauty and convenience, and which have given to the Fall River Line a world-wide fame. Mr. Choate is also a director and vice-president of the New Fngland Trust Company. He w-as chosen actuary of the Massachusetts Hospital Life Insurance Company on June 15, 1893, and now holds that oiifice. He has served in the General Court, a member from Cambridge in 1863; and was a member of the Cambridge City government in 1864-65. He married, November 7, 1855, Miss Elizabeth W. Carlile, of Providence, R.L I'hey have had five children : Edward C, Sarah C. (wife of J. M. Sears), Margaret ^L (wife of N. L Bowditch), Helen T. (deceased), and Charles F. Choate, Jr., a member of the Suffolk bar. CHOATE, David, M.D., of Salem, was born in the town of Esse.x, Essex County, November 27. 1828, son of David and Elizabeth (Wade) Choate. He is a lineal descendant in the seventh generation from John Choate, who came from England about 1645, settled in Ipswich, Chebacco Parish, now Essex, and died in the DAVID CHOATE. same place in 1695. t'^^ ''"'^ running as follows: second generation, Thomas Choate, born about 1670, died 1745 ; third generation, Francis, 1701- 77; fourth, William, 1730-85; fifth, David, 1757- 180S; and, sixth, David, 1796-1872. He was ed- ucated in the common schools of his native town and at the Phillips (.\nclover) Academy, and fitted for his profession at the Harvard Medical School, where he was graduated in 1854. Be- ginning practice that year in April, he was estab- lished in Topsfield until June, 1857, when he moved to Salem, where he has since resided. During the Civil War, from 1861 to 1864, he was examiniii"" surgeon for volunteers and drafted MEN OF PROGRESS. 551 men ; and from 1863 to 1869 examining surgeon for pensions. He was on the staff of the Salem Hospital from 1873 (date of its organization) to 1887. He is a member of the Essex South District Branch of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of the Congregational Cliib of Essex South. 1 )r. Choate has contributed numerous papers to the societies with which he is connected. Of the latter one on " Haematuria " was subse- quently published in the Boston Medical and Surgical Joiinial, and one on " Some Peculiar Cases of Cancer " in the Cincinnati Lancet. He also prepared and read before the Essex South Congregational Club a paper on the " Faith Cure from a Biblical Point of View," and before the Salem Association of Ministers one on the " Diseases of the Bible." In politics he is reckoned a Republican, but is not active in politi- cal affairs. He was married January i, 1856, to Miss Susan E. Kimball, of Ipswich. They have had two daughters : Helen Stanley and Susan Elizabeth Choate. CHURCH, Bknjamin Taylor, M.D., of Win- chester, was born in Providence, R.I., November 10, 1839, son of Benjamin Taylor and Sarah Chace (Peck) Church. On the paternal side he is a direct descendant of Richard Church who came over with Governor Wiuthrop in the fleet of 1630, and married Elizabeth Warren, daughter of Richard Warren, one of the " Mayflower " passen- gers landing at Plymouth in 1620; also a blood relation of Colonel Benjamin Church the Indian fighter against King Philip in 1675, and in the French and Indian war of 1689. On the maternal side he is a direct descendant of Philip Peck, who came from Hinghani, England, about 1630. His early education was received in the public schools of Providence. He was first engaged in the drug business, beginning as a clerk in the drug store of Henry A. Choate under the Revere House, Bos- ton, in 1857, and afterwards entering into partner- ship with Mr. Choate, under the firm name of Choate & Church, in the conduct of the drug store on the corner of Beacon and Tremont Streets, in the old Albion Building which formerly stood there. ( Mr. Choate retired from this firm in 1863.) He sold out this business in 1867, and took up the study of medicine at Bowdoin Col- lege, and subsequently went to Dartmouth College, where he graduated. L pon the completion of his studies he settled in Boston, but soon after moved to Winchester, and has since been engaged there, with an extensive practice extending into the neighboring towns. He has always taken a deep interest in the health of the town, and has been for some years secretary of the Winchester lioard of Health. He is a member of the iMassachusetts State Homoeopathic Society, of the Boston Homoe- opathic Society, and of the Calumet Club of Win- chester. His politics are Republican, but he is not active in political affairs. He was man led January 27, 1866, to Miss Adaline Barnard, of Boston. They have no children. Mrs. Church is BENJ. T. CHURCH. a lady of much prominence, a physician, liberally educated abroad, and now professor of diseases of women in the Boston University School of Medi- cine. CHURCHILL, WiLLiA.M Worcester, of Bos- ton, artist, is a native of Boston, born .\ugust 29, 1858, son of ^^'illiam W. and Caroline (^ Woodman) Churchill. He is of pure New England stock for many generations, originally English on both sides. He was educated in Boston private schools, and at the age of nineteen went to Paris to study painting. He studied abroad for three and a half years, in October, 1878, entering Bonnat's atelier 55: MEN OF PROGRESS. ill Paris: and in 1881 he exhibited in tiie Salon. Returning to Boston in 18S3. he opened his studio here, and exhibited in the local exhibitions. His His earlv education was acquired in the common schools of his native town. He fitted for college in the Montague High School and at Williston Seminary, Easthampton. He graduated from Harvard in the class of 1879, and from the Law School of the Ihiiversity in 1882. He supported himself from the day of graduating from college, working his way through the law school by tutoring, newspaper writing, and other occupa- tions. Having acquired a thorough and practical acquaintance with shorthand, he did a good deal of verbatim stenographic work, reporting speeches and sermons for newspapers, testimony, and other matters, and later, in 1882-83 and 1883-84, taught the principles of shorthand in the Boston Evening High School. He was also reporter to the Boston Daily Advertiser of the college and Cambridge news during the years of his law school course: and afterward, in the year 1884, contributed articles to the editorial page of that paper. Interested in civil service reform, he be- came in 1885 secretary of the board of managers of the Civil Service Reeonl, and in 1886-87-88 had editorial charge of that publication. He was W. W. CHURCHILL. principal line in art has been portraiture, and he has painted many well-known Bostonians. He has also painted numerous figure pictures. Among his notable portraits are those of (leneral Stephen M. Weld, Colonels Kdmands, Holmes, and Jeffries, of the Cadets, the Rev. Dr. A. A. Miner, Samuel Little, the Hon. F. B. Hayes, Herman Curtis, and a portrait of a lady, exhibited at the World's Fair, Chicago. It is his ambition to paint pictures of a decorative character, not of a mere realistic nature. Mr. Churchill is a member of the Boston Art Club. He has been identified with tiie State militia for eight years as a member of the First Corps of Cadets. Although not active in politics, he is much interested in political matters, and is classed as a Nationalist. Mr. Churchill is un- married. CLAPP, RoRERT Parker, of Lexington, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Montague, October 21, 1855, son of George A. and Irene Franklin (Parker) Clapp. He is a lineal descend- ant (in the ninth generation) of Captain Roger Clap, one of the founders of Dorchester in 1630. ROBERT p. CLAPP. admitted to the bar in February, 1883, and a month before became engaged in the law office of the late Bainbridge Wadleigh in Boston. He re- MEN OF PROGRESS. 553 inained tliere until the (irst of January, 1886, wlien he began practice on his own account. lie was appointed by Governor Ames an associate justice of the District Court of Central Middlesex in 18S7. wiiich position he subsequently resigned. An early client, the Thomson- Houston Klectric Company, absorbed a good part of his time until the summer of 18S9, after which he devoted his whole time to its law department, in the capacity of office counsel, until the company was merged in the (Jeneral Electric Company in 1S92. There- after, throughout 1893 and until August, 1894, his time was given to the law business of the latter company. Early in 1894, upon the removal of its main office to Schenectady, N.V., he organized and took charge of at that place a central law de- partment, having the general direction of all of the company's legal affairs outside of patent suits. In .August, 1894, he resigned this position and re- sumed general practice, forming two months later, with lienjamin X. Johnson and \\". t)rison Under- wood, the law firm of Johnson, Clapp, &: Under- wood, office at No. 50 State Street, Boston. In politics Mr. Clapp has been a Democrat since 1884, and he is now a member of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts and of the Massachusetts Reform Club. He ha.s lived in Le.xington since April, 1886, and has taken an interest in the affairs of the town. He ser\ed on the School Committee for over two years, re- signing from the board in March, 1894. He was one of the charter members of the ( )Id Belfry Club, a social club in the town for both men and women, became its first president in 1892, and has twice been re-elected. The organization opened its large and attractive new club house in January, 1894, and has thus far achieved a pronounced social and financial success. Mr. Clapp was mar- ried October 28, 1886. to Miss Mary Lizzie Saun- ders, daughter of the Hon. Charles H. Saunders, of Cambridge. They have one child : Lilian Saun- ders Clapp. CLARK. Julius Sti:vips(_>n, M.D., of Melrose, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Bristol, March 22, 1838, son of Dr. Albert S. and Ann (Herbert) Clark. His paternal grandfather was a lieutenant commissary and paj-master-general of V'ermont in the war of the Revolution, and com- manded the first detachment that entered the enemy's works at Bennington ; and was previously at the siege of Quebec. At the close of the war of 18 1 2 he was commissary-general of Vermont, and for nineteen years was judge of probate of Rutland County. He also had two brothers in the Revolutionary War, and a son in the War of 1812. His wife was Edna Mattocks, of a family distinguished in civil life. Dr. Clark's father was an eminent physician in ^Lline and a surgeon in the army during the Ci\il War. His mother was of English birth and lineage. He was educated in the public schools, at Yarmouth and Auburn acad- emies, and at Water\ille College. He studied for his profession at the Georgetown, D.C, Medical College, where he graduated in 1869. P'rom 1870 JULIUS S. CLARK. to 1878 he was respectively health officer, police surgeon, and city physician of New Orleans, also visiting physician to the Charity Hospital of New- Orleans, and resident quarantine physician of Louisiana ; and here he demonstrated that yellow- fever could be kept from our shores. He had previously served throughout the Civil War, hav- ing entered the service as an enlisted man in 1861, and continuing in it until 1867. First attaining the rank of captain, he was subsequently bre- vetted major for meritorious service. While in New Orleans, he was some time a member of the School Committee, and vice-president of the board. In Melrose he has also served on the 554 MEN OF PROGRESS. School Committee for several years. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society ; of the East Middlesex Medical Society, of which he was president from 1891 to 1893; of the Loyal Legion ; and of the Grand Army of the Republic. He has contributed to Grand Army meetings and on other occasions numerous verses on war and patriotic subjects. From 1878 to i88.-! he was United States district medical examiner for pen- sions. Dr. Clark was married November 19. 1873, to Miss Eliza Isabel Vennard, daughter of the late Judge H. T. Vennard, of New Orleans. They have three children: Anita P... Julius \'., and E. Greely Clark. CLARKE, AuGU.STUS Peck, M.D., of Cam- bridge, was born in Pawtucket, R.L, Sep- tember 24, 1833, son of Seth Darling and Fanny (Peck) Clarke. His father was of the eighth generation in descent from Joseph Clarke (Seth," Edward,' Icliabod," Joseph,^ Joseph,' Jo- seph,' Joseph,- Joseph '), who with his wife, Alice (Pepper) Clarke, came with the first settlers com- prising the Dorchester Company that embarked at Plymouth, England, March 20, 1630, in the " Mary and John." This Joseph Clarke was born in Suffolk County, England, where the family had been one of great antiquity. A direct ancestor, Thomas Clarke, of Bury St. Edmunds, gentleman, mentioned in his will of 1506 "a Seynt Antony crosse, a tau crosse of gold weyng iij li," which was borne in an armorial coat, and was assumed as an augmentation in consequence of having been worn by his maternal great-grandsire, Nich- olas Drury, in the expedition to Spain with John of Gaunt, the Duke of Lancaster, in 1386. Dr. Clarke's great-grandfather, Ichabod Clarke, was a captain in the War of the Revolution ; and his grandfather, Edward Clarke, served in the War of 1812. His mother, Fanny Peck Clarke, was of the sixth generation in descent from Joseph Peck, who came in the ship " Diligent" from old Hing- ham, England, to Hingham, Mass., in 1638. She was also of the twenty-sixth generation in descent from John Peck, of Belton, Yorkshire, knight. Her father, Joel Peck, was with General Washing- ton, and participated in the battle of Rhode Island, August 27, 1778. Dr. Clarke completed his preparatory course in the University Grammar School, Providence, entered Brown University in September, 1856, and received the degree of A.M. in the class of i860. Before leaving col- lege, he began the study of medicine under the direction of Lewis L. Miller, ALD., of Provi- dence, who at that time was by far the most emi- nent surgeon of Rhode Island ; and, entering the Harvard Medical .School, he graduated there with the degree of M.D. in the class of 1S62. In August, 1 86 1, after an examination as to his pro- fessional qualifications by a medical bo.ard, he was appointed assistant surgeon of the Sixth New \'ork Cavalry, and immediately entered the ser- vice. He served in the Peninsular campaign con- ducted by General McClellan in 1862, was at the siege of Yorktown, and in subsequent engage- ments, including those at Mechanicsville, Gaines's Mill, and Peach Orchard in the seven days' battle. At the battle of Savage's Station, Va., June 29, 1862, he was made a prisoner, but was allow^ed to continue his professional service ; and he remained with the wounded until all were ex- changed. On May 5, 1863, he was promoted to the rank of surgeon of the same regiment, and served with the cavalry corps in the Rappalian- nock campaign and in other operations of the Army of the Potomac undertaken by General Meade during that year. At the opening of the campaign of General Grant in the spring of 1864, he was appointed surgeon-in-chief of the Second Brigade of the First Cavalry Division, and was present with his command, and took an active part in the movements conducted by General Sheridan. During the campaign of 1864-65 he was appointed surgeon-in-chief of all the First Cavalry Division, and accompanied General Sher- idan in his colossal raid from Winchester to Petersburg, and was in the battle of Five Forks, and in other engagements until the surrender at Appomattox. His arduous labors w'ere continued until the division was disbanded. July i, 1865. During this service of four years he participated in upwards of eighty-two battles and engagements, was frequently complimented in orders and re- ports made by his superior officers, who united also in recommending him for brevet appointment as lieutenant colonel and as colonel '■ for faithful and meritorious conduct during the eventful term of his service." After the completion of his mili- tary service, in 1865, Dr. Clarke travelled abroad, and spent much time in the various medical schools and hospitals in London, Paris, Leipzig, and in other great medical centres, for the pur- pose of fitting himself more particularly for obstet- MEN OF PROGRESS. 555 rical. gynecological, and surgical work. Upon his return in 1866 he removed to Cambridge, where he soon established a reputation in the general practice of his profession, in which he has since continued. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and has been one of its council- lors ; a member of the .Vmerican Academy of Medicine, of the American Medical Association, of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ; was president of the Gyna-cological Society of Boston, 189 1 and 1892; a vice-presi- dent of the Pan-American Medical Congress, 1893 ; member of the Ninth International Med- AUG, P. CLARKE. ical Congress, Washington, D.C, and of the Tenth, at Berlin, before each of which he read papers ; a delegate to the British Medical Association in 1890, and to medical societies at Paris in the same year. He was one of the founders of the Cambridge Society for Medical Improvement in 1868, and was its secretary from 1870 to 1875 ; and. a member of the American Public Health Association. He is also a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and of its board of officers, 1894-95. Dr. Clarke still enjoys a high reputation in general practice, though he has for a long time been especially en- gaged in the practice of the more important branches of surgery and of gynecology. After the close of the congress in Berlin he again visited the leading cities of Europe, including London, Kdinburgh, Paris, and Vienna, and devoted him- self to the study of their hospital service. While pursuing in 1865-66 his medical studies under Messieurs Lemaire of Paris, Crede of Leipzig, and Sir James T. Simpson, he became impressed with the importance of adopting antiseptic meas- ures for carrying on successful surgical work, and thus became one of the earliest advocates of this method of procedure. Dr. Clarke is noted for his scholarly productions and for his facile pen. In the midst of the multitudinous duties of his pro- fessional work he has been able to make impor- tant researches relating to gynecology and to abdominal surgery. He has frequently contrib- uted articles to the public press and to different medical societies and journals. Following are the titles of some of his many papers : " Perforating Ulcer of the Duodenum," Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1881 ; "Removal of Intra- uterine Fibroids," //W., 1882; "Cerebral Erysip- elas," ibid., 1883 ; " Hemiplegia," Journal of the American Aledical Association, 1884; "Uterine Displacements," ibid., 1884; "Obstinate Vomit- ing of Pregnancy," ibid., 1885; "Induced Pre- mature Labor," ibid., 1885; "Pelvic Cellulitis," ibid., 1886; "Early and Repeated Tapping in Ascites," ibid., 1886; "Abortion for Uncontrol- lable Vomiting of Pregnancy," ibid., 1888 ; "Ante- partum Hour-glass Constriction of the Uterus," //'/(/., 1888; "Chronic Cystitis in the Female," ibid., 1889; " Management of the Perineum dur- ing Labor," //'/(/., 1889 ; " On the Tenth Interna- tional Medical Congress at Berlin," ibid., 1890; " The Influence of the Position of the Patient in Labor, in causing Uterine Inertia and Pelvic Dis- turbances," ibid., 189 1 ; "Some of the Lesions induced by Typhoid Fever," ibid., 189 1 ; "A Cer- tain Class of Obstetric Cases in which the Use of the Forceps is imperatively demanded," //'/(/., 1891 ; "Some Points in the Surgical Treatment for the Radical Cure of Hernia," ibid., 189 1 ; "Origin and Development of Modern Gynecol- ogy," ibid., 1892 ; " On the Importance of Surgical Treatment for Laceration of the Cervix Uteri," ibid., 1892; "Diet in its Relation to the Treat- ment and Prevention of Disease," ibid., 1892 ; " Vesico-vaginal Fistula : Its Etiology and Surgi- cal Treatment," ibid., 1S93 ; "A Consideration of Some of the Operative Measures employed in 556 MEN OF PROGRESS. Gynecology," ibid., 1893: ■'The Pan-American Medical Congress," ibid., 1893; •'Vascular Growths of the Female Meatus Urinarius," Med- ical Press and Circular, London, England, 1887, also published in Transactions of the Ninth In- ternational Medical Congress, 1887; "Dilatation of the Cervix Uteri," Transactions of the Gynae- cological Society of Boston, 1889; '• Faradism in the Practice of Gynecology," ibid., 1889; "The Treatment of Placenta Prx-via," Medical Times and Register, 1890; ''Adherent Placenta: Its Causes and Management," Transactions of the American Association of ( )bstetricians and Gyne- cologists, 1890; "Post-partum Hemorrhage: Its Etiology and Management," ibid., 1891 ; "Ueber die Wichtigkeit der friihzeitigen Erkenntniss des Pyosalpin als Ursache der eitrigen Beckenent- ziindung," Centralblatt fiir Gyiiekologie, Leipzig, 1890, also in Deiitschen Medicinischeu Wochen- schrift, Berlin, 189 1; "Parametritis: Its Etiology and Pathology," Journal of Gynecology, 189 1 ; " The Advantages of Version in a Certain Class of Obstetric Cases," American Jou?-nal of Obstetrics, 1892; "Puerperal Eclampsia: Its Causation and Treatment," ^-/;;/t77((?« Gynecological Journal, 1893 ; " Some Observations respecting Tubo-Overian Disease," //'/,/., 1893; "Some Points in the Sur- gical Treatment of Appendicitis," llie Canada Medical Record, 1893; "On the Value of Certain Methods of Surgical Treatment for Chronic Pro- cidentia Uteri," Annals of Gynecology and J\edia- try, 1893; "On the Relation of Pelvic Suppura- tion to Uterine Disease," Transactions of the Eleventh International Medical Congress, Rome, Italy, 1894, also published in Gazette Hebdoma- daire ct Mcrcredi, Paris, France, 1S94, and Annali di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Milan, Italy, 1894; " Recto-vaginal Fistula : Its Etiology and Surgi- cal Treatment," Journal of the American Medical Association, 1S94: "The Relation of Hysteria to Structural Changes in the Uterus and its Adnexa," .Imerican Journal of Obstetrics, 1894. Dr. Clarke has been consulting physician to the Middlesex Hospital and Dispensary since 1S92, and profes- sor of gynecology and abdominal surgery in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Boston since 1893, and dean of the faculty since 1894. He was president of the Cambridge Art Circle in 1890 and in 1891, and member of Cambridge City Council 1871^73-74, for the last year an alderman ; and, during his service in the City Council, chairman of the health department and member of the finance and of other important committees. Among other societies to which he belongs are the Cambridge Club, the Grand Army of the Republic, several fraternal and Masonic bodies, including the Boston Commandery of Knights Templar, the Boston Brown Alumni Association, and the Harvard Medical Alumni Association. His political affiliations have always been with the Republican party ; and he is a mem- ber of the standing committee of the First Baptist Church of Cambridge, where he holds his church connection. Dr. Clarke was married October 23, 1 86 1, to Miss Mary H. Gray, author and poet, daughter of the late Gideon and Hannah Orne (Metcalf) Gray, and of the seventh generation in descent from Edward Gray, who settled in Plym- outh in 1643. I'hey have two daughters: Inez Louise, A.B. of Harvard Annex (now Radclilife College) 189 1, and Gene\ie\e Clarke, also a mem- ber of Radcliffe. CLEVELAND, Leonidas Sidney, of Boston, merchant, was born in West Camden, Me., Au- L. SIDNEY CLEVELAND. gust 12, 1848, son of Samuel S. and Caroline Rachael (Pottle) Cleveland. He is a descendant of the first Clevelands in the country, early settled MEN OF PROGRESS. 557 in W'oburn, Mas.s., and of the branch of the fam- ily founded in what is now Maine by one of five brothers who went from Woburn there. He was educated in the town grammar school. At the age of fifteen he enlisted in the Civil War, and was mustered in on the 22d of February, 1864, as a private in Company E, Thirty-second Maine Volunteers. The regiment was assigned to the Second Brigade, Second Division, Ninth Army Corps ; and he was with it in active service from the battle of the Wilderness to the surrender at Appomattox. Mustered out in July, 1865, he fin- ished his education at Eastman's Business Col- lege in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., and then began busi- ness life as a clerk in Leavenworth. In i856 he secured a clerkship in Bangor, Maine, where he remained through 1867. The next year he was in a similar position in Portland. Then in January, 1869, he came to Boston, and secured a position as a commercial traveller. He was principally in the employ of Damon, Temple, & Co. till January, 1S82, when he formed the firm of Cleveland, Brown, & Co., and engaged in the business of im- porting silks and manufacturing men's neckwear. The house is now established in Otis Street, Win- throp Square. Mr. Cleveland has lived in \\'ater- town for nearly twenty years, and has been active in all movements for the benefit and progress of the town. He originated and organized the Young Men's Assembly of ^Vatertown, with a Board of Trade department, in October, 1888, which now has a membership of one hundred and fifty, and was elected its president for five terms. He is also president of the Union Market Na- tional Bank, succeeding the late Hon. Oliver Shaw. He is interested in politics, on the Re- publican side, and has served on important town committees, but has invariably declined political office. He is a trustee of the Methodist Episco- pal Church, and chairman of its new church build- ing committee. Mr. Cleveland was married No- vember 17, 187 I, to Miss Mary Alice Roberts, of Portland, Me. They have three children : .\lice Mabel, Lulu Blanche, and Edith May Cleveland. They occupy a substantial colonial house, which Mr. Cleveland recently built on Russell Avenue, on elevated ground, commanding one of the finest views to be found in anv inland town. born in Bedford, ^^ay 3, 1854, son of William and Margaret Louisa (Wile)') Cushing. His father was a Unitarian clergyman, a brother of the CUSHING, Josi.\H Stearns, of Norwood, president of the Norwood Press Company, was J. S. GUSHING. author of Cushing's "Manual," and of Edmund L. Cushing, a judge of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire. He was educated in the public schools of Clinton and at the Clinton and Medford high schools. He began to learn the printer's trade when a boy of fourteen, taking a case at the University Press in Cambridge. Later he worked at type-setting in the offices of Rock- well & Churchill, Rand, Avery, & Co., and Alfred Mudge & Son in Boston, and at the Riverside Press, Cambridge, following the trade for several )'ears, becoming an e.xpert workman. Then in 1878, with a very modest capital saved from his earnings, he ventured into business on his own account, establishing his book-printing office in a small room on the corner of Milk and Federal Streets, Boston. He began with a single book given him as a trial, with a promise of more if the work were satisfactory. Its excellence promptly brought in other orders, and he was early obliged to enlarge his quarters. In 1889, when he had been in business but a little over ten years, he took a floor in the Estes Press Building on Sum- mer Street, and increased his force to about one 558 MEN OF PROGRESS. hundred and twent)'-five compositors; and in 1895 he occupied the newly erected Norwood Press Building, Norwood, in association with Berwick & Smith, printers, and George C. Scott & Sons, elec- trotypers, one of the largest and best equipped book printing houses in the country. Mr. Gushing IS the designer of several styles of type now in general use by book-makers. His special line of work is college text-books and standard educa- tional books in various languages ; and his fonts of Greek, Hebrew, Latin, French, Spanish, and other alphabets, and of mathematical formulae (made under his immediate supervision), are of the best. His house also prints the reports of the United States Supreme Court and of the United States Courts of Appeal. He is at pres- ent the sole member of the firm of J. S. Cushing & Co. ; but at one time, for a period of four years, he had as partner George A. W'entworth, professor of Phillips (Exeter) Academy, well known as author of a series of mathematical text- books. Mr. Cushing is president of the Boston Master Printers' Club, vice-president of the United Typothetix; of America, and president of the Norwood Business Association. He is an enthusiastic yachtsman, and his yachts " ( )wl " and " Nimbus " have won for him a wide reputa- tion in the yachting world. He is ex-commodore of the Winthrop Yacht Club, and until recently was a member of the Massachusetts, Hull, Jeffries, Corinthian, and Atlantic \'acht clubs ; is now a member of the Boston Athletic Association and of the Aldine Club of New York City; lieutenant in the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company ; and a thirty-second degree Mason. He was mar- ried March 30, 1876, to Miss Lilias Jean Ross, of Cambridge. They have one child li\ing: Lilias Stearns Cushing, born February 9, 1891. to which city his family removed when he was a child, graduating in 1S52. The next year, remov- ing to Boston, he went to work, first finding DAVIS, j\L\j(iR Charles Griffin, of Boston, of the sergeant-at-arms department. State House, is a native of New York, born in New York City, November 25. 1839, ^'^^ of John William and Martha (Dewland) Davis. His father was born in Boston in 1807, son of John Davies, a native of Wales, and of Elizabeth (Little) Davis, of New- buryport ; and his mother was born in London, England, in 18 10, daughter of John Dewland and Martha (Bond) Dewland, both of England. He was educated in the public schools of Lowell, CHAS. G. DAVIS. employment from Benjamin P. Shillaber ( Mrs. Partington) as newsboy on the Lowell Railroad, and afterward selling papers on the Fitchburg Railroad. In 1854 he obtained a place in the Quincy Market, and thereafter, with the excep- tion of the Civil War period, when he served in the field, he was continuously for twenty-seven years in the wholesale and retail provision busi- ness. In 1883-84 he was inspector of provisions for the city of Boston, under Mayors Palmer and Martin ; and he has held his present position, as first clerk in the department of the sergeant-at- arms. State House, for ten successive years. Major Davis's war record began with the opening year of the Civil War, and continued to the end of the contest. He enlisted September 4, 1861, being then a member of the National Lancers of Boston, in Company C, First Massachusetts Cavalry, and was mustered in on September 16. He was made first sergeant the next day, commissioned second lieutenant February 4, 1862, first lieutenant Janu- ary 3, 1863, captain January 6, 1864, and major September 30, 1864. He was wounded in the MEN OF PROGRESS. 559 right arm, ;ind his hcusc killed, fulling upon him, so that he was captured at Aldie, V^a., June 17, 1863. He was thereafter a prisoner of war for seventeen months and nineteen days at Libby Prison, Richmond, and Danville, Va., Macon, Ga., Charleston (where he was kept under fire) and Columbia, S.C., finally escaping from the latter place November 4, 1864, and reaching Knoxville, Tenn., after travelling thirty-one nights. He was then in the hospital on Lookout Mountain eleven days, reached Washington January 3, 1865, and was mustered out as major. Major Davis is president of the National Association of Union ex-Prisoners of War, serving now his second term, 1894-95 ; president of the Massachusetts Associa- tion of Union ex-Prisoners of War, having served since i8gi; first vice-president of the Cavalry Societies of the I'nited States (1893-94, 1894-95) ; secretary and treasurer of the Boys of '61-65 of the Massachusetts Legislature ; a member of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Loyal Legion; was comnrander of Post 15. Grand Army of the Republic, in 187 1; president of the First Massachusetts Cavalry Association from 1883 to 1891, and again in 1893-94 ; adjutant in 1875, ^^'^'^^ first lieutenant in 1883, of the Ancient and Honor- able Artillery Company ; and is past commander of the Roxbury City Guard, Company D, First Regi- ment, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. He is also prominent in the Masonic fraternity, a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Consistory, thirty-sec- ond degree, and of the Washington Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons : is a member of the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Honor, and a Master Workman. He has served two terms in the Bos- ton Common Council, 1873-74, during his second term chairman of the committee on military affairs, hi politics he is a Republican. His father before him was a Free Soiler, and a dele- gate from Lowell to the Free Soil Convention that nominated John P. Hale for President. He is a member of the Highland Club of West Ro.k- bury. and its first president, serving in 1888-89. Major Davis was first married in May, 1867, to Miss Josephine Elizabeth Walker, of Worces- ter, by whom he had two children : Frederick Appleton (born in Boston, May, 1869) and Charles Griffin Davis, Jr. (born November, 1871). Mrs. Davis died in February, 1873. He married second in October, 1877, Miss Martha A. H. Sautelle, of Boston. They have one child: George Gilman Davis (born August 13, 1881J. DKAKDORN, Ai.vah Berton, M.D., of Somer- ville, is a native of Maine, born in 'Jopsham, August 3, 1842, son of Frederick W. and .\lvira (Daly) Dearborn. He is a descendant of (lodfrey Dearborn, who came from England to Hampton, N.H., about the year 1637. .Vfler the Revolution his great-grandfather with two lirothers went from Hampton, and settled in what is now Monmouth, Me. : and there his father was born April 1 1, 1809. His maternal grandfather, 1 )r. Daly, was a promi- nent physician at Monmouth for many years. His early education was acquired in the district school of Topsham. He was fitted for college at the Maine State Seminary (now Piates College) at Lewiston, and, entering liowdoin, graduated there .V.B. in 1863 and M.D. in 1870. He began the practice of medicine at Salisbury, Mass., subse- quently, in 1874, removing to Newburyport, and coming to Somerville in 1884. Five years after his establishment in Somerville, in 1889, he was appointed city physician ; and this office he has held since. In Newburyport he served on the School Board nine years ; and he is now serving on the Somerville School Board, in his second ALVAH ti. DhARBOHN. term of three years, which expires in 1S98. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Soci- ety and of the American .Academy of Medicine, 56o MEN OK PROGRESS. and is connected with the Masonic fraternity as a member of the John Abbot Lodge of Somerville. In politics he is an Independent. DE NORMANDIE, Rev. Jame.s, of Boston, pastor of the First Chnrch in Roxbury (Unita- rian), is a native of Pennsylvania, born in Newtown, June 9, 1836, son of James and Sarah B. (Yard- ley) De Norniandie. The De Normandie family, with Andr^ De Normandie its head, came from Geneva, and settled at Bristol, Penna., in 1706. Their home for several generations was at Noyon, France. The Yardley family came from England with William Penn, among the founders of Penn- sylvania. Mr. De Normandie received his prepar- atory education at home, and his collegiate training at Antioch College, under Horace Mann, where he was graduated in 1858. After leaving college, he taught a year in Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. Then he entered the Harvard Divin- ity School at Cambridge, and graduated therefrom in 1862. Six months before graduation he was called to the South Parish, Portsmouth, N.H.; and JAMES DE NORMANDIE, toric First Church of Roxbury. While at Ports- mouth, he was invited to the Church of the Messiah in St. Louis, the Unity Church and Second Parish in Worcester, and to several other leading LTnitarian churches, but declined all these calls. During his long residence in that city he took an influential part in educational and philan- thropic work, and became prominent in denomi- national affairs. He was for several years chair- man of the National Conference of Unitarian Churches, and for a long term director in the American Unitarian Association Board ; and was early a contributor to the denominational periodi- cal publications. For seven years, from 1882, he was editor of the Unitarian Review. In Roxbury Dr. De Normandie's work has been a most faithful and earnest pulpit administration. He is almost always to be found on Sunday at his own church, preaching to a very intelligent congregation. The pastoral duties which have fallen to him include services far and wide outside of his own church. In this respect he is one to whom the sorrowing as well as the joyful turn in times of bereavement and when the wedding event occurs. Dr. De Nor- mandie is allied with philanthropic work, and maintains a personal co-operation with various activities of this kind in Roxbur\- and the city proper. He is often called upon to give installa- tion sermons and to lecture. He has been presi- dent of the Board of Trustees of the Roxbury Latin School, one of the oldest schools in the country, since 1884; and in 1895 was made a trustee of the Boston Public Librar\'. In politics he is a Republican. He was married October 27, 1S64, to Miss Emily Farnum Jones, daughter of William Jones, of Portsmouth. Their children are : Albert Lunt. Philip Yardley, Charles Lunt, Will- iam Jones, and Robert Laurent De Normandie. here began a long and successful pastorate, cover- ing a period of twenty-one years, until 1883, when he succeeded the late 1 )r. Putnam over the his- DEVVEY, Henry Sweetser, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in Hanover, November 9, 1856, son of Major Israel Otis Dewey and Susan Augusta (Sweetser) Dewey. His ancestors were among the earliest settlers of Massachusetts. On the paternal side he is a lineal descendant of Thomas Dewey from Sandwich, county of Kent, England, who settled in Dorchester, Mass., as early as 1633 ; and on the maternal side he is a de- scendant of Seth Sweetser, from Tring, Hertford- shire, England, who was settled in Charlestown in MEN OF PROGRESS. 561 1657. His father was in early life a merchant in since 1882; since 1891 one of the lioard of liar Hanover, where he held numerous positions of Examiners for Suffolk County, appointed by the honor, both State and Federal, and afterward a justices of the Supreme Judicial Court ; and since February, 1893, a master in chancery for the county of Suffolk. In politics he is a Republi- can, and from 1884 to 1888 was a member of the Republican ward and city committee of Boston. He has served three terms in tiie Boston Common Coilncil (1885-S6-87), and three terms in the State House of Representatives (1889-90-91) for the Twenty-first SufTolk District. During his first term in the House he was a member of the com- mittee on the judiciary, and his second and third terms chairman of that committee. He has also served for some time in the State militia, having been a member of the First Corps of Cadets from June II. 1880, to February 26, 1889, when he was commissioned judge advocate on the staff of the First Brigade, with rank of captain, which position he now holds. He is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. His club associations are with the Algonquin, Athletic, Roxbury, and Curtis clubs of Boston. HENRY S. DEWEY. paymaster in the United States Army. His mother was a daughter of General Henry Sweet- ser, of Concord, N.H. Mr. Dewey's boyhood and youth were passed principally in the Southern and Western States, at various places where his father was stationed. He was fitted for college under private tutors at Salt Lake City, and, entering Dartmouth, was graduated there in 1878 with the regular degree of A.B. Three years later he re- ceived the degree of A.M. from the same institu- tion. In college he w'as a member of the Alpha Delta Phi Society. Soon after his graduation he was appointed paymaster's clerk, United States Army, and while serving in this capacity came to Boston in August, 1878, where he has since re- sided. In 1880 he resigned his position of pay- master's clerk, and then took up the study of law, attending the Boston University Law School and reading in the office of the Hon. Ambrose A. Ranney. He received his degree of LL.B. from the law school in June, 1882, and, at once ad- mitted to the bar, has since been actively engaged in the practice of his profession in Boston. He has been justice of the peace and notary public JOHN F. DOWSLEY. DOWSLEV, John Fraxcis, D.D.S., of Boston, is a native of Newfoundland, born in St. John, February 14, 1854, son of Felix and Margaret 562 MEN OF PROGRESS. (Bates) Dowsley. His early education was at- tained in the local schools ; and he attended St. Bonaventure College until 1868, when the sudden death of his father necessitated his withdrawal from school. The family then removed to Bos- ton, and he found employment in the Western Union Telegraph office. Here he was engaged several years, at the same time pursuing studies in an evening school. At length, deciding to adopt dentistry as a profession, he entered the Boston Dental College in 1882, and after a year's study here went to the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, where he graduated March 6, 1884. He has since practised in Boston. In April, 1 88 7, he was appointed by Governor Ames a member of the ISoard of Registration in Den- tistry; was reappointed in 1888, again reappointed by Governor Russell in 189 1, resigned in Decem- ber, 1893 ; but, being urgentl)' requested to re- consider, did so, and in April, 1894, was for the third time reappointed, this time by Governor Greenhalge. Dr. Dowsley is a member of the Massachusetts and New England Dental Socie- ties and of the National Association of Dental Examiners; also of the Young Men's ])emocratic Club of Massachusetts, of the Boston Cricket Club, and of the Royal Arcanum. He was mar- ried February 4, 1885, to Miss Mary A. Cloney, of Roxbury. They have three children : Katha- rine Sydney, John Francis, Jr., and Margaret Bates Dowsley. DUTTON, Samuel L.^ne, M.D., of Boston, was born in .\cton, July 15. 1835. *0" "^ Solomon L. and Olive C. (Hutchinson) Dutton. His pa- ternal grandparents were Samuel and Anna (Lane) Dutton ; and his maternal grandparents, Nathan- iel and Susannah (Wheeler) Hutchinson. Both branches came early to this country. His gen- eral education was accjuired at public school and at the Appleton and Francestown academies. He was fitted for his profession at the Harvard Med- ical School, graduating in the class of i860, and has followed it continuousl)' since graduation. He served in the Union army during the Civil War, from 1862 to 1865, first as assistant surgeon of the First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, and early promoted to the rank of surgeon of the Fortieth Massachusetts \'olunteer Infantry: and then surgeon in chief. First Brigade, Third Di- vision, Eighteenth Army Corps. After the war he resumed general practice in Boston, but in course of time, on account of an old army trouble, was obliged to abandon it ; and for several years past he has devoted his attention exclusively to the duties of medical director of the Massachusetts Benefit Life Association of Boston. During the Harrison administration he was pension examin- ing surgeon for the Boston District. Dr. Dutton is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Soci- ety and of the district society, past member of the Boston Society for Medical Observation, and a charter member of the Boston Gyna'cological Society. In politics he is a Republican. He be- longs to the Grand Army of the Republic, niem- .> ^ x» S. L DUTTON. ber of Post 113, and to the Loyal Legion, He is also a member of the ISoston Piaptist Social Pinion. He was married September 25, i860, to Miss Sur- viah P. Stevens, of Chelmsford. They have had four children : Edgar F., Grace S. (deceased^, Bertha H., and Mary ii. Dutton. DYER, Benj.^min Fr.'\nklin, of Boston, insur- ance agent, was born in West Hawley, May 15, 1841, son of the Rev. Anson and Mercie (Howes) Dyer. His father was a clergyman of the Ortho- dox Congregational denomination. His ancestors on both sides were early settlers of Cape Cod. ^EN OF PROGRESS. 563 He was educated in the common school and at the Shelburne Falls Academy. His boyhood, until the age of twelve, was spent on a Western BENJ. F. DYER. Massachusetts farm ; and from twelve to seven- teen years of age, when not at school or academy, he was employed part of the time by the Lamson & Goodnow Manufacturing Company (cutlery), Shelburne Falls. After leaving the academy, in 1857, he continued with the Lamson &: Good- now Company until 1862, in their office in New York City. From 1862 to 1867 he was with Giles, Wales & Co., Maiden Lane, New York, wholesale dealers in watches and jewelry, and watch manufacturers, as book-keeper and cashier. Then he returned to Shelburne Falls, and for the ne.xt three years engaged there in the retail grocery business for the purpose of regaining his health, which had become impaired through too close application to his work in New \'ork. In 1870 he came to fSoston, and has since been en- gaged in business here, first in real estate and insurance brokerage, and since 1S84 in accident insurance alone. During the early part of his residence in New York he was connected with the New York State National Guard, a member of the Twenty-second Regiment : and at the outbreak of the Civil War he was with his regiment when the State troops were called into service to relieve regulars stationed near Washington, that the latter might be made available at the front. In politics he is a Republican. He is much interested in music, and has been an active member of the Apollo Club of Boston for twenty years. Mr. Dyer was married June 6, 1866, to Miss Annie D. McChesney, of Trenton, N.J. They have had a son and daughter : Benjamin Raymond (deceased at the age of twelve) and Winnifred May Dyer. EMERV, WiNFRED Newell, M.I)., of Wal- tham, was born in South Chatham, June 11, 1866, son of George Newell and Phebe Wilman (Rog- ers) Emery. His ancestry has been traced back to John Emery, born in 1598, in Romsey, Hamp- shire County, England, who landed in Boston, June 3, 1635, from the ship "James," of London. The line runs as follows : John Emery's son, John, Jr., born in England, 1628; his son, the Rev. Samuel, born in 1670, graduated from Harvard College in 1671 ; his son, the Rev. Stephen, born 1707, graduated H.C. 1730; his son, John, born W. N. EMERY. 1747, became lieutenant in Colonel Dike's regi- ment, and was among the officers sent to guard Dorchester Heights in March, 1777; his son, Ste- 5^4 MEN OF PROGRESS* phen, born 1783; his son, Stephen, Jr., born 1817 ; his son, George Newell, born 1841 : his son, the present Winfred Newell. Dr. Emery was educated in the Boston public grammar and high schools, taking classics in the Berkeley In- stitute ; and his medical studies were pursued at the Boston University School of Medicine, where he graduated in 1891. For a year, from April i, 1890, to April I, 1891, he was resident surgeon in the Boston Homoeopathic Dispensary. He began regular practice in June, 1891, settled in East Boston. He continued there until the ist of January, 1S94, when he removed to Waltham, his present field. He is a member of the Massa- chusetts Homceopathic Medical Society, of the Boston Homoeopathic Medical Society, of the Massachusetts Surgical and Gynx-cological Soci- ety, and of the New England Hahnemann Asso- ciation. He is connected with the order of Odd Fellows, a member of the Prospect Lodge, Wal- tham ; and is a member of the Citizens' Club. While at school, he was first lieutenant in Com- pany I of the Highland Battalion, Boston School Regiment, 1884-S5, and took the prize for excel- lence in company drill. In politics he is a Re- publican, and in religion a Methodist. FAELTEN, Carl, of Boston, director of the New England Conservatory of Music, was born in Ilmenau, Thuringia, December 21, 1846, son of Carl G. and Friederike (Moller) Faelten. His father was in the civil service as city clerk of Ilmenau. He was educated in the Latin School at Weimar, Germany. Early evincing a marked aptitude for music, he was given in his boyhood thorough elementary instruction in piano and the- ory, and at the age of fifteen entered an orchestral school at Arnstadt, where he remained until his nineteenth year, during this period also pursu- ing a variety of hard orchestral work, and be- coming proficient in a number of instruments, especially the violin and clarinet. After this training, which was attained mainly through his own exertions, he was for a while engaged as a violin-player in orchestras in various places in his own country and in Switzerland, and at length settled in Frankfort-on-the-Main, as a member of a small orchestra there established. While at Frankfort, he resumed his studies in the piano- forte under the friendly advice of Herr Julius Schock and other prominent musicians, whose at- tention he had attracted by his work, and was making notable progress when he was called into military service by the outbreak of the Franco- Prussian war of 1870-71. He served through- out that war in the German army as a private in the Eighty-first Regiment, and at its close re- turned to his old work and studies at Frankfort with fresh ardor. His advance wms so rapid and substantial that he soon ranked among the fore- most musicians of that exceptionally musical com- munity. From 1S74 to 1877 he spent much time in successful teaching, and also appeared occa- sionally in symphony and in special concerts with CARL FAELTEN. leading artists, or in his own recitals at Berlin, Bremen, Cassel, Haag, Schwerin, Wiesbaden, Vienna, and London. When at Wiesbaden, it was his good fortune to make the acquaintance and win the friendship of Joachim Raff, the celebrated composer. And later on, in 1877, when Raff was engaged to organize and direct a conservatory of music in Frankfort, one of the first appointments to his staff of teachers w-as that of Faelten, who was especially assigned to the training of teachers, in association with Mme. Clara Schumann. This work he prosecuted with marked success, gradu- ating, during his connection with the institution, a large number of students well equipped for MEN OF PROGRESS. 565 the profession of teaching. He also delivered a series of lectures each year on the theoretical and practical requirements of the teacher of the piano- forte. After the death of Rail", in 1882, he de- cided to come to America, and settle here. His first engagement was at Baltimore with the Pea- body Institute, which he made soon after his ar- rival in the autumn of 1882. Here he remained for three years, and then, accepting an appoint- ment as professor of the New England Conserv- atory, came to Boston, which has since been his home. He had not been long in the conservatory when he was given a part in its management. In the autumn of i88g, upon the retirement, on ac- count of illness, of the late Dr. Eben Tourje'e, the founder and first director, he was made chair- man of the directory committee, and shortly after acting director ; and upon the death of Dr. Tour- je'e, in the spring of i8gi, he became director, which position he has held from that time. Dur- ing his administration numerous changes in the system have been introduced, and additional ad- vantages to students ofTered, which have raised the standard and increased the reputation of the institution. He has continued his work as a con- cert pianist, playing each season in symphony concerts or giving recitals, fully maintaining his position as a musician of the first rank. He has published a number of musical text-books, the list of his publications including the following : " Technische Uebungen " (Schott & Sons), "Pre- paratory Exercises" (A. P. Schmidt), "Piano- forte Course of the New England Conservatory," four volumes : " Fundamental Training," of the same series, together with his brother Reinhold Faelten, and some transcriptions of Schubert's songs. He is a member of the St. Botolph Club and of the Harvard Musical Association. He was married in 1877, to Miss Adele Schloesser, of Liibeck, Germany. They have three children : Otto, aged twelve years ; Anne E., aged eight ; and W'illibald C. Faelten, aged six years. FISK, Everett Olin, of Boston, president of the Fisk Teachers' Agencies, was born in Marl- boro, August I, 1850, son of the Rev. Franklin and Chloe Catherine (Stone) Fisk. His father was a Methodist minister. Both parents were of English stock ; and his mother was a grand- daughter of Captain John Cobb, a soldier of the Revolution. He received his early education at the high school in (Jrafton (Mass.), the Caze- novia (N.Y.) Seminary, and Wilbraham (Mass.) Academy ; and his collegiate training at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., where he gradu- ated .\.B. in 1873, and A.M. in 1876. From [873 to 1875 he taught high schools in Wallingford and Enfield, Conn.; and then, entering business, was for the next ten years New England agent for Ginn & Co., Boston, educational book publishers, in which work he met with gratifying success. Leaving this in 1885 to establish the Fisk Teachers' Agency, he has since been engaged as the presi- dent of that institution in its development and EVERETT O. FISK. management. In its third year branch offices were opened in New York and in Chicago ; and subsequently others were established in Washing- ton, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, and Toronto, thus covering the country and forming the most exten- sive and important system of teachers' agencies in the world. Mr. Fisk is also actively connected with Methodist denominational interests. He is president of the Boston Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was a delegate to the General Conference of 1892. He is a member of the executive committee of the Boston Municipal League, and a director of the Boston Young Men's Christian Association. His club 566 MEN OF PROGRESS. affiliations are with tiie University, the Boston Art, and the Twentieth Centur)' clubs. He was married September 12, 1882, to Miss Helen Chase Steele, of Boston. They have one child : Harriette Storer Fisk (born October 14, 1S84). FLOYD, David, 2d, of Winthrop and Boston, real estate and insurance broker, was born in Winthrop, October 26, 1854, son of Edward and Lucretia (Tewksbury) Floyd. He is on both sides of old New England families. The Floyds came early to this country from Wales, and lived DAVID FLOYD, 2d. estate and insurance business. In 1S91 Mr. Tucker withdrew ; and he has since continued the business alone, with offices in Winthrop and at No. 34 School Street, Boston. He has been es- pecially identified with the history of Winthrop during the past fifteen years, holding numerous town positions, and also serving on committees which have accomplished much for the place, such as : the present by-laws, which govern town affairs : the sewerage system now being com- pleted ; the improved method of keeping the as- sessors' and other records of the town ; the ob- taining of a location from private owners of lands, and from the different commissions, which has given Winthrop its present excellent railroad ser- vice ; and in enforcing the sentiment of the town against liquor-selling. He was for six years, from 1883 to 1889, an assessor; for eleven years, to 1S94. town treasurer; has been a trustee of the Public Library from its founding in 1885 ; and in 1887 and 1889 represented the district, including Chelsea, Revere, and Winthrop, in the General Court. He was one of the incorporators of the County Savings Bank of Chelsea, and its vice- president. He belongs to the Masonic order, member of the Winthrop Lodge, and to the Bos- ton Council of the Royal Arcanum ; is a member of the Boston Methodist Social Union, and was its president in 1893 ; and is a trustee of the Win- throp Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics he is a Republican, and active in party affairs. For five years prior to 1893 he was chairman of the \\'inthrop Republican town committee ; and he has served as a member of the Congressional and other committees for ten years. Mr. Floyd was married June 9, 1886, to Miss Belle .\. Seavey, of Winthrop. They have no children. for many generations in that part of the original town of Chelsea which is now Revere ; and the Tewksburys have been residents of what is now Winthrop for about two centuries. His grand- mother Tewksbury was a Sturgis, a family who lived in Boston for many years. The remotest ancestor known lived in Barnstable. He was educated in the Winthrop public schools and at a Boston commercial college. After the death of his father in 1879 he devoted his time to the care of his real estate interests, and also of those of other members of his family, for the next ten years. Then in 1889, forming a partnership with Frank W. Tucker, he entered the general real FLOYD, Fredericic Clark, of Boston, editor of the South Boston Bulletin, is a native of Maine, born in Saco, May 21, 1837, son of John and Pauline (Graffam) Floyd. His grandfather, Sam- uel Floyd, was a direct descendant of William Floyd, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, and of Thomas Lloyd, who emi- grated from Wales in 1684, with William Penn. He was educated mainly in the Saco English High School, and relinquished a college course in 1861 to engage in the defence of the Union. Previous to that date he had acquired the trade of a ma- chinist, and had taught school three years. He MEN OF PROGRESS. 567 enlisted in April, 1S61, as a private in Company H, Fortieth (Mozart) Regiment of New York Vol- unteers, and served as sergeant of his company from November 4, 1861, until 1863. W'iiile at the front he served as correspondent for the New York Times and tlie Maine Democrat of Saco. He participated in the siege of Yorktown, and in the battles of Bull Run, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, White Oak Swamp, Glendale, and Malvern Hill. In the latter engagement, being wounded, he was sent to Annapolis Hospital, and was subsequently honorably discharged from the army. Nearly twenty-five years later, in 1889, he was granted a FRED C. FLOYD. pension for disability contracted in the service. His regiment was one of the " fighting regiments " of the war, and stands twelfth in the list for num- ber of casualties. Over four thousand names are borne on its rolls, and it took part in thirty-two engagenxents and scores of skirmishes. Its losses numbered twelve hundred and sixty-five killed, wounded, and missing, two hundred and thirty- eight of whom were killed in battle. It was one of the few regiments which re-enlisted and held its organization until the end of the war. The losses of the regiment at Gettysburg were one hun- dred and fifty, twenty-three of whom were killed. Mr. Floyd returned from the war incapacitated for physical labor, and conseciuently engaged in cleri- cal work. He was book-keeper and clerk until 1S79, when he became the publisher and editor of the South Boston Inquirer, which he continued to publish until 1890. He then established the South Boston Bulletin, of which he is at present the editor and publisher. He is a member of the Mozart Regiment Association ; of Dahlgren I'ost, Department of Massachusetts, Grand Army of the Republic ; of Archimedes Lodge, United American Workmen ; of the Suburban Press Asso- ciation, the Bostonian Society, the South Boston Citizens' Association, the Pine Tree State Club, and the Grand Army Club. In 1878 he was adjutant of N. B. Shurtleff, Jr., Post, No. 125, of the Grand Army. In politics he is a Republican : but, while he has attended many conventions as a delegate and been active at other political gather- ings, he has been too busy otherwise to accept public office. He was married in Boston, March 19, 1863, to Miss Anna Belinda Luce, daughter of Oliver and Rebecca Luce, of Hermon, Me. They have had four children : Frederick Lincoln (who died in infancy), Frederick Gillan. Ira \\'aldo, and Edna Alice Floyd. FREEMAN, Georc.e Edward, M.D., of Brock- ton, is a native of Maine, born in Brewer, June 22, 1841. He was the second son of Reuben and Nancy (Clarke) Freeman, in a family of six chil- dren, all of whom have filled positions of useful- ness and honor. He inherited from his parents a strong and vigorous constitution and a high ideal of what should constitute true manhood, two things that have been a great help to him in his life-work. His ancestry is traced, on his father's side, to three English brothers who came o\er to this country in the eighteenth century, one set- tling in C)hio and the other two in Eastern Massa- chusetts. A marked characteristic of their de- scendants has been a strong love for educational and professional life. Reuben Freeman, Dr. Freeman's father, was a successful teacher for many years, and a zealous advocate of educational progress and religious interests all his life. His services on the School Board and as justice of the peace where he resided for over twenty years made his opinions valuable, often to be sought and adopted. Dr. Freeman's mother was a daughter of Nathan and Nancy Clarke, of Brewer, Me., a highly esteemed and worthy family, from whom 568 MEN OF PROGRESS. she inherited superior qualities of character. By her strong sympathies and faithful teachings she early impressed upon her children the importance of making the most of life. 1 )r. Freeman made choice of his profession when a boy, and his studies were directed to this end. From boyhood he has manifested a noticeable degree of energy and perseverance ; and he took high rank, not only in the public schools of his native town, which he first attended, but through all his career as a stu- dent. At seventeen years of age he began teach- ing, and met with marked success. His prepara- tory course was completed at Hampden Academy, j^MMJL. ton, he established himself in that city in 1868. His practice has been large and remunerative ; and, as he is not among those who have neglected to multiply their talents, he is well-to-do, a large holder of real estate in Brockton. He is public- spirited, liberal in his treatment of the poor and unfortunate, and has often freely given the benefit of his skill. If he had not become a physician, he would have made an admirable lawyer. He has an analytical turn of mind, and nothing more delights him than the unravelling of some intricate question of law or politics. Politics especially is one of his most enjoyed diversions. He is a Republican "from start to finish," as he himself defines his political doctrine, and has always stood high in the council of his party in his neighbor- hood, as evidenced by his influence in frequently directing the local party policy in municipal affairs, and in the selection of Republican can- didates in the broader field of State and national politics. He was elected presidential elector from his Congressional district in 18S8, to vote for Har- rison, and represented the Second Plymouth Con- gressional District in the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis in 1892. He never accepts public oflice, finding more satisfaction in acting as director in political affairs than as one directed. Next to politics Dr. Freeman enjoys whist, into the playing of which noble game he enters with characteristic zeal, earnestness, under- standing, and success. He was married, November 17, 1880, to Miss Edith Merriam Howard, daughter of Franklin Otis Howard, a prominent shoe manu- facturer. GEO. E. FREEMAN. Me., after which he began his professional studies, starting with Dr. McRuer, an eminent surgeon of FJangor, Me. Soon after he entered the medical department of Bowdoin College. He was a dili- gent and faithful student, with a natural inclina- tion toward investigations for himself. He was of a keen mathematical and argumentative turn of mind, and a promoter of enthusiasm among his fellow-students. In 1864 he took up the course at Bellevue Hospital. New York, and there grad- uated with high honors in 1866. He began prac- tice soon after as an associate with a physician in Fielmont, Me. 'Iliere he remained two years ; and then, receiving encouragement to come to Brock- G.\LLISON, Ambrose John, M.D., of Frank- lin, is a native of Maine, born in Woodstock, O.v- ford County, August 29, 1856, son of John M. and Sarah A. (French) Gallison. His paternal ancestors were first settlers of Marblehead, where many of his relatives are buried in the old burial- ground. His maternal ancestors were of the Scotch-Irish colonv which earlv came to New Londonderry, N.H. His grandfather, Joseph Gallison, of Marblehead, descended from the Winslow family of the '■Mayflower," through Kenelni Winslow, of Marshfield. He was edu- cated in the public schools of his native town, the High School of Bridgton, Me., and Gould's Academy of Bethel, Me. ; and his degree was re- ceived from the Dartmouth Medical College, where he graduated November 22, 1887. .\t the MEN OF PROGRESS. 569 age of seventeen he was teaching- in the puhhc schools of Oxford County, Maine, and continued at this occupation most of the time for twelve AMBROSE JOHN GALLISON. years. His medical studies were begun four years l^rior to his graduation from Dartmouth, under Dr. J. C. (lallison, of Franklin, with whom he has since been in partnership in practice. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Thurber Medical Society of Milford, and of numerous fraternal organizations, — the latter including the Excelsior Lodge, Freemasons, the King David Lodge, Odd Fellows, the Wonewok Tribe, Improved Order of Red Men (of which he was sachem in 1893), the Benjamin Franklin Council, United Order of American Mechanics, and the Governor VVinslow Colony, United Order of Pilgrim Fathers, all of Franklin. In politics Dr. Gallison has been a lifelong Republican. He was married June 24, 189 1, to Miss Mary E. Thayer, only daughter of Davis Thayer, Jr., of Franklin. They have one child: Davis Thayer CallisDn (born September 8, 1893). GARDNER, Harrison, of Boston, merchant, was born in Roxbury, April 9, 1841, son of Joseph Henry and Harriet (Gardner) Gardner. He was educated in the Roxbury public schools. His business career was begun soon after leaving school as clerk for Hill, Burrage, & Co., woollen house. He was next connected with the house of .\. & A. Lawrence & Co. ; and, after some time spent there he entered that of George C. Richard- son & Co., which later became George C. Richard- son, Smith, & Co., and on July i, 1885, Smith, Hogg, & Gardner, Mr. Gardner having been ad- mitted to the firm on July i, 187 i. He served in the Civil War as first lieutenant of Company C, I'orty-fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. He is a member of the St. Bernard Commandery, of the Loyal Legion, member of the Bostonian Society, of the Boston Athletic Association, and of the Commercial, Country, and Longwood clubs. In politics he is Republican. He married first, November 23, 1865, Miss Caroline C. Mullin ; and second, June 3, 1868, Miss Laura E. Perkins. HARRISON GARDNER. His children are : Ethel Gardner. Mary Blasdel, 'hilit GOODELL, Jonathan Woodward. M.D., of Lynn, was born in Orange, Franklin County, Augu.st 2, 1830, son of Zina and Polly (Wood- ward) Goodell. He comes of families noted for longevity. His paternal grandmother lived to the S70 MEN OF PROGRESS. age of ninety-five years, and saw two of the fifth generation. His maternal grandfather Hved to ninety-three years, and his maternal grandmother to the age of eighty-seven. His father was one of ten children, all living to be over fifty years of age, and two to over ninety ; and his mother was one of nine, eight living to be over sixty years, and si.\ to over eighty. And he is himself one of eight children, seven living to upwards of fifty years. He was educated in the public schools of Orange, at the Melrose Seminary, West Brattle- borough, and at Sa.xton's River Academy, Rock- ingham, Vt. ; and his medical studies were pursued at the Berkshire Medical School one year, at the \\'oodstock (Vt.) Medical College one year, and the Pierkshire Medical College again another year, graduating from the latter in 1855. He began at eighteen years of age to earn the necessary funds for his medical education, mostly by teaching, but taking advantage of every other honorable means by which an honest dollar could be ob- tained ; and he emphasizes the fact that he never spent much time in foot-ball practice. He en- tered upon the practice of medicine at Greenwich J. W. COODELL. in February. 1866, he moved to I^vnn. and gave his undi\ided attention to his professional calling, going whenever and wherever desired without questions, sleeping out of the city only two nights in the first ten years. After one-half a century had passed over his head, he concluded that nature had some claims which should be re- spected. Accordingly, he began to recreate with the Esse.x Institute: and in 18S2 he joined the first Raymond-Whitcomb excursion to California. He also became much interested in horticulture in Massachusetts and in Florida, establishing in the latter State his winter home. He has been presi- dent of the Houghton Horticultural Society for the past nine years, and has spent his leisiu'e hours in striving to encourage the general cultiva- tion of fruits and fiowers, believing that the culti- vation and the harvest are alike healthful to mind, heart, and body. Dr. Goodell was a school super- intendent from 1859 to 1866; was president of the Essex District Medical Society for two years; councillor of the Massachusetts Medical Society several years ; and consulting physician to the Lynn Hospital three years. He is now a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Houghton Horticultural Society, of the Golden Fleece Lodge, Freemasons, and of the Home Market Club. He is also still consulting physi- cian of the Lynn Hospital. In politics he defines himself as a Republican always. He w'as married November i, 1858, to Miss Martha J. Abbott, of Enfield, Mass. They have one daughter : Addie B. Goodell (born in Lynn, February 3, 1870). in 1856, and remained there ten years, having an extensi\e country practice, and for seven years also the charge of all the public schools. Then, GROVER, Tho.m.a.s Eli. woe id, of Canton, mem- ber of the bar, was born in Mansfield, February 9, 1846, son of Thomas and Roana Williams (Perry) Grover. His father was a minister in the Society of Friends. He is of early New England ances- try in both lines : and his paternal ancestors were among the first settlers of Mansfield. The first of the faniilv in the country was Tiiomas Grover, who came in 1635, and settled in Maiden. He married Mary Chadwick, and had three sons, Ephraim. Andrew, and 'I'homas. These sons be- came settlers of Mansfield in 1698, buying one hundred acres of land and ten of meadow, as the ancient deed, which is still preserxed, runs. Mr. Grover is in the direct line from Thomas, the eldest of the three brothers. The family early scattered, Thomas's descendants only remaining MEN OF PROGRESS. 571 steadfastly in ^[a^stiL•ltl. some ijoing to lictliel, ^[e., others to New York. Of tlie former branch was General Ciivicr Grover, of IJethel, Me., a THOMAS E. GROVER. j^raduate of West Point in the chiss of 1856, com- manding a division in the Army of the Potomac, and also at New Orleans during the Civil War. Mr. Grover's mother was a Perry, of Attleboroiigh, her mother a Williams, and her grandfather a Lincoln, all early Eastern Massachusetts families. He was educated in the common schools of Mans- field and at the English and Classical Academy of Eoxborough, the adjoining town, and read law with Ellis Ames, in Canton, .\dmitted to the bar in Bristol County, September 7, 1869, he at once began practice, dividing his time between Canton and Boston, having offices in both places. In 187 1 he was admitted to the United States Circuit Court. He has been engaged in general practice, and has acted as counsel for many towns in Norfolk County. In 1870 he was made trial justice of Norfolk County, which position he held continuously for twenty years. He has also held a number of town offices, including those of superin- tendent of schools, first in Mansfield and afterward in Canton, member of the School Committee in both places, and member of the Canton Board of Water Commissioners; and in 1894 and 1895 was a representative for the Eourth Norfolk District (comprising the towns of Canton and Milton) in the State J,egislature. In the latter body he served during both terms on the committee on railroads, the second term its chairman; and he had an infiuenlial hand in shaping some of the most important legislation of the sessions bearing on railroad (|uestions. Since 1890 he has been a trustee of the Canton Institution for Savings. Mr. Grover's politics are Republican. He has delivered a number of occasional addresses, the list including the address on the occasion of the centennial celebration of Canton in 1876, thirteen Memorial Day addresses, and several before liter- ary associations. He is a Freemason, member of the Blue Hill Lodge. He was married Septem- ber 17, 1871, to Miss Frances L. Williams, daugh- ter of Francis D. Williams, of Eoxborough. They have one child : Gregory Williams Grover. Mr. Grover's main office is now in Boston, that in Canton being a branch oflice. HARRIS, Henrv Sever.anck, of Boston, real estate agent and manager of estates and trusts, is a native of Maine, born in the town of St. George, Knox County, June 16, 1850, son of James and Abigail (Wall) Harris. He was educated in the village or district schools ; and at the age of four- teen, in August, 1864, left home and came to Boston to find work. A week after his arrival in the city he found a place as boy in a book and stationery store, in which he was employed for about four years. Then in January, 1869, he took a situation as salesman in a hardware and house- furnishing store, and here remained for two years, when he left to engage in business on his own account, opening a retail hardware store on Janu- ary 26, 1871. This business was continued suc- cessfully for four years ; and then, selling out on March 27, 1875. he went to St. Louis, Mo., with the intention of entering business in that city. After looking over the field, however, he changed his mind, and returning to Boston, in May, 1876, opened another retail hardware store there, with a house-furnishing department added, which he conducted until the first of January, 1S83. Then, selling out this business, he entered the real estate, mortgage, and insurance business, with which he has since been occupied. This now in- cludes the general management of estates and trusts, Mr. Harris acting as executor, administra- 572 MEN OF PROGRESS. tor, and trustL-e ; and he has also the care and conduct of numerous estates in the city and suburljs. Since 1888 Mr. Harris has also been Edward B. and Anna F. (Goodspeed) Hayden. He is descended from John Hayden, who came to this country from England with two brothers, William and James, in 1630, and in 1640 was liv- ing in Rraintree. His great-grandfather was Isaac Hayden, born in Pawtucket, Mass. He was edu- cated in the public schools of Plymouth. He began the study of painting with John B. Johnston, the landscape and cattle painter ; and upon the opening of the school at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts entered that institution, where he re- mained under the instruction of Otto Grundmann the greater part of three years. For the next five years he was occupied in designing for stained- glass decoration. Then in the autumn of 1886 he went abroad, and studied in Paris some time, first in the Academy Julien under Boulanger and Lefebvre, and afterward with Raphael Collin. He exhibited in the Salon of iSSg and at the Paris Universal Exposition of the same year, re- ceiving at the latter an " Honorable mention " for his picture called "Morning on the Plain." Re- turning to America in 1889, he settled in Boston, taking a studio in the Harcourt Building, Irving- HENRY S. HARRIS. connected with the assessing department of the city of Boston, as assistant and local assessor. In politics he is a Republican, and is a member of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. He be- lieves strongly in proper out-of-door recreation to keep in good health for business, and endeavors to take a few hours each week away from his desk. Bicycle-riding, rifle and pistol shooting, are his favorite pursuits for pleasure. He was one of the organizers, and has been for many years a director, of the Massachusetts Rifle Asso- ciation, serving also as its secretary for the past ten years. He is also a member of the Massa- chusetts Fish and Game Protective Association and of the League of .American Wheelmen. Other organizations to which he belongs include the Pine Tree State Club of Boston, the Mercantile Library Association, and several religious associations. He was married in Boston, November 23, 189 1, to Mrs. Mary J. Jackson, formerly Miss Belknap. CHARLES H. HAYDEN. ton Street. In 1895 he received the Jordan prize HAYDEN, Chari.ks Hk.vrv, of Boston, artist, of $1,500 for his picture, "Turkey Pasture, New was born in Plymouth, August 4, 1856, son of England," now in the Museum of Fine Arts. MEN OF PROGRESS. 573 Other not.iblc piiiuings from his brush since his return from Paris are: "Pasture-land and Hills," purchased by the lioston Art Club from the Kx- hibition of 1891 : and "A Quiet Morning, Octo- ber," " Landscape with Cattle," and "Pasture- land in Connecticut," which were exhibited at the World's Fair, Chicago. Mr. Ha\den is a member of the Boston Art Club. He is unmarried. HAYNES, John Cummixos, of Boston, presi- dent of the Oliver Ditson Company, was born in Brighton, now Brighton District, Boston, .Septem- ber 9, 1829, and is the son of John Dearborn and Eliza Walker (Stevens) Haynes. He is a de- scendant, on the paternal side, of Samuel Haynes. who came from Shropshire, F^ngland, in 1635, and settled at Strawberry Bank, now Portsmouth, N.H., becoming deacon of the First Congrega- tional churcli of the settlement. On the maternal side Mr. Haynes is of Scotch-Irish descent, from the Gilpatrick family, which appeared among the early settlers of what is now Biddeford, Me. He was educated in the Boston public schools, finish- ing in the F^nglish High School. .\t the age of fifteen he began business life as boy in the em- ploy of Oliver Ditson, and is now the head of the old and well-known Ditson music-publishing busi- ness. In his younger business. life with Mr. Dit- son he rose steadily to responsible positions, and at the age of twenty-one was given an interest in the business, receiving a percentage of the sales. Six years later, on the first of January, 1857, he became a full partner; and the firm name was then changed to Oliver Ditson & Co. This rela- tion held until December, 1888, a period of thirty years, when the death of Mr. Ditson dissolved the firm. The surviving partners, Mr. Haynes and Charles H. Ditson, son of Oliver Ditson, and the executors of the estate of Oliver Ditson, then or- ganized the present corporation, admitting as stockholders several of the most useful young men who had grown up with the business, under the title of " The Oliver Ditson Company," with Mr. Haynes as president, and Mr. Dit.son as treasurer. During Mr. Haynes's connection with the house it has grown from a small store em- ploying only two clerks to an establishment occu- pying a large building in Boston, Nos. 453 to 465 Washington Street, with brancii houses in Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, and employing sev- eral hundred persons. The Boston house, known as Oliver Ditson Company, is the headc|uarters of the business ; and the Boston branch house is conducted under the name of John C. Haynes & Co. The New \ork house bears the firm name of Charles H. Ditson & Co., and the Philadelphia house that of J. E. Ditson ^: Co. But all are of the corporation. Mr. Haynes is also a director of the Massachusetts 'I'itle Insurance Company, a director of the Prudential Fire Insurance Com- pany, a trustee of the Franklin Savings Bank of Boston : and is largely interested in real estate, having engaged in numerous successful ventures that have materially added to the assessed valua- JOHN C. HAYNES. tion of Boston. In early life Mr. Haynes w-as in- strumental in organizing the Franklin Library Association, of which he was long an active mem- ber, taking part in its debates and literary exer- cises ; and he has since been connected with numerous literary and philanthropic institutions of the city. He is a life member of the Mercantile Library Association, of the Young Men's Chris- tian Union, of the Woman's Educational and In- dustrial Union, and of the Aged Couples' Home Society, all of Boston. He is also a member and president of the Music Publishers' Association of the L'uited States, a member of the Boston Mer- chants' Association, the Home Market Club, and 574 MEN OF PROGRESS. the Massachusetts Club. From 1862 to 1S65, in- clusive, he was a member of the Boston Common Council, and in that bocl\- was interested in the advancement of a number of liberal measures. In politics he was originally a Free Soiler, having cast his first presidential vote, in 1852, for John P. Hale ; and he afterwards joined the Republi- can party, with which he has since been identified. In 1848, after having been for some time a pupil in a Baptist Sunday-school, he became interested in the preaching of Theodore Parker, and from that time was prominently associated with the 'I'wenty-eighth Congregational Society, which was organized "to give Theodore Parker a chance to be heard in Boston." Mr. Haynes served for many years as chairman of the standing commit- tee of this society. He was one of the organizers of the Parker Fraternity of Boston, for a long period an influential social and religious society, which sustained the " Parker Fraternity Course of Lectures," remarkable for their influence in mould- ing public opinion, especially during the Ci\il War and the years of reconstruction following ; and in the first course of these lectures (in 1858) Mr. Parker delivered his celebrated discourse on Washington, Franklin, Adams, and Jefferson. Mr. Haynes was active also in the erection of the Parker Memorial Building, and at a later period (in 1892) was interested in its transfer to the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches (the object of this transfer being to perpetuate the memory of Theodore I\irker in practical, charitable, educa- tional, and religious work). Of late years he has been connected with the Church of the Unity, of which the Rev. Minot J. Savage is the minister. Mr. Haynes was married by Theodore Parker, May I, 1S55, to Miss Fann)' S. Spear, daughter of the Rev. Charles and Frances (Seabury) Spear. They have had seven children : Alice Fanny (now Mrs. M. Morton Holmes), Theodore Parker (de- ceased), Lizzie Gray (^Mrs. (J. Gordon Rankine), Jennie F'iiza (Mrs. Fred (). Hurd), Cora Marie (Mrs. E. Harte Day), Mabel Stevens, and FMith Margaret Havnes. HILDRETH, John Lewis, M.D., of Cam- bridge, was born in North Chelmsford, November 29, 1838, son of John Caldwell and Harriet Maria (Blanchard) Hildreth. His father was sixth in descent from Richard Hildreth, who came to Cam- bridge from England in 1642 or 1643. tie was educated at the New Ipswich .\ppleton Academy, graduating therefrom in i860, and at Dartmouth College, which he entered the same year. Leav- ing college in the autumn of his junior year, he entered the employ of the United States Sanitary Commission, and served in the field. He was with liurnside at F'redericksburg and with lianks upon the Red River Flxpedition, and subsequently was inspector of camps and hospitals for the Department of the Gulf. He received his degree from Dartmouth, being graduated in July, 1864, al- though not present at commencement. He was some time a school-teacher, beginning the teaching JOHN L. HILDRETH. of district schools in New Hampshire in the autumn of 1857. The next autunui he was prin- cipal of the High School in Ashby. Mass. From this time he taught regularly winters, and some- times in the autumn, till the spring of 1862. In the spring of 1865 he became the principal of the Peterborough Academy, and held this position for nearly three years, at the same time studying medicine at the Harvard Medical School and at the Dartmouth Medical College. Graduated from the latter in November, 1867, with the first prize for scholarship, he began the practice of medicine the following month, established in the town of Townsend, Mass. In 1870 he removed to Cam- MEN OF PROGRESS. 575 bridge, wliere he has since resided. He was made surgeon of the Fourth Battalion, Massa- chusetts Infantry, in 1874, and medical director of the First Brigade in 1877 ; and was appointed medical examiner for Middlese.x County in 1877. He organized the Cambridge Dispensary in 1873, and was its clerk for six years; was visit- ing physician to Avon Home from 1873 to 1879 ; and has been visiting physician and surgeon to the Cambridge Hospital since the opening of that institution. He is also professor of clinical medi- cine in Tufts College Medical School. In Town- send, and afterward in Cambridge for a long period, Dr. Hildreth rendered most efficient ser- vice on school committees. He was a member of the Townsend School Board from 1868 until his removal to Cambridge, and served on the Cam- bridge School Board from 1873 almost continu- ously to 1889, being chairman of the High School committee the last three years. Among the notable things accomplished by Dr. Hildreth as a member of the Cambridge School Board were : the establishment of the rule that scholars coming from homes where there were contagious diseases, espe- cially scarlet fever and diphtheria, could not be al- lowed to attend school, — a rule now in force in all the cities and towns of New England and probably in the United States, and which Cambridge was the first in the country to make ; the securing of a systematic and thorough inspection of the sanitary condition of all the school-houses in the city, with an elaborate report of the committee, of which he was chairman, in large part his work, which brought afterward some good fruit for better school-houses; the introduction of the laboratory methods in the High School for the teaching of chemistry and physics with a completeness not before attained ; and securing the division of the High School into a Latin School and an English High, and the building of probably the most com- plete high school building, as far as lighting, heat- ing, and ventilation are concerned, in the country. He is a trustee of the Boston Dental College; a trustee of the New Ipswich Public Library ; presi- dent of the Boston Alumni of Dartmouth College; chairman of the executive committee of the (General .\lunini Association of Dartmouth Col- lege ; president of the Board of Trustees of the permanent funds of the Social Lfnion of Cam- bridge, an organization similar to those in other cities called the \'oung Men's Christian Associa- tion ; president of the Society for the Study of the Cienealogy of the Hildreth l-amily ; member of the St. Botolph Club of Boston and of the Colo- nial Club of Cambridge. As chairman of the advisory committee of the executive board of the alumni of Dartmouth, Dr. Hildreth made an elaborate report, which was regarded by friends of the college as the best work he has done outside of strictly professional work ; and he has had the satisfaction of seeing two of the three things recom- mended by his committee constructed, and in active operation with much benefit to the college, — the athletic field and grand stand and the water-works for the town of Hanover. In 1885 he prepared a careful and interesting history of the gifts from the estate of P^dward Hopkins, and in recognition of this work was the next year made one of the trustees administering them, hav- ing as associates President Eliot, Roger Wolcott, and others of similar standing and note. In 1895 he was appointed by Governor Greenhalge a member of the State Board of Lunacy and Charity. Dr. Hildreth was married March 2, 1864, to Miss Achsah Beulah Colburn, of Temple, N.H. They have two sons and a daughter : John Lewis, Jr., Beulah Gertrude (now Mrs. Barrett), and Alfred Hitchcock Hildreth. HOBART, Arthur, of Boston, treasurer and director of manufacturing and other corporations, is a native of Boston, born March 2, 1844, son of Aaron and Anna Mann (Brown) Hobart. His ancestry on the Hobart side is traced to Thomas Hobart, brother of the Rev. Peter Hobart, the first minister of the Old Ship Church in Hing- ham, and on the side of his father's mother to Kenelm Winslow, brother of Governor Edward Winslow of the " Mayflower " party ; on his mother's side, to Colonel Nathan Tyler, an officer of the army of the Revolution. He was educated in the Boston public schools, primary, grammar, and English High. He graduated from the Dwight Grammar School in 1859, and from the English High in 1862, receiving from each the Franklin medal. He began business life as a clerk in the counting-room of William F. Freeman & Co., Boston, which he entered in 1862, and in 1863 was transferred to the service of the .'Etna Mills, a corporation organized in that year by Messrs. Freeman & Co. to do a woollen manu- facturing business at Watertown, Mass. Subse- quently, in 1888, he was made treasurer of the 576 MEN OF PROGRESS. mills, which position he still holds. He is also at the present time a director of the West Point Manufacturing Company and the Lanett Cotton ARTHUR HOBART. Mills of West Point, Ga. ; a director of the Win- throp National Bank of Boston and of the Boston Wharf Company ; and a trustee and member of the investment board of the Franklin Savings Bank, Boston. In politics Mr. Hobart is an In- dependent Republican ; and, while he has held no public office, he has been active in public affairs, having given much attention to political reforms, such as those of the civil service, the Australian ballot, corrupt practice legislation, and caucus re- form, and aided materially in their advancement. He has been secretary of the Boston Civil Service Reform Association since its organization, and was one of the early members of the Boston Mu- nicipal League. He is a member of the Union Club and of the Unitarian Club. He was mar- ried November 2, 1881, to Miss Anna E. Turner, of Vineland, N.J. dred years. He was reared on a farm, and edu- cated in the district school. At the age of nine- teen he came to Boston, and engaged with the firm of Brown & Wilcox in the hatter's trade. Here he remained for fourteen years, working in the manufacture of silk hats, and then (1884) entered business on his own account, establishing the firm of Lamson & Hubbard, in the hat and fur busi- ness, wholesale and retail. At the beginning the firm employed but a few hands ; but its business steadily expanded, and the force increased until now upward of one hundred and fifty persons are required to do the work of the establishment. It is an extensive manufacturer of Knights Tem- plar regalia. Mr. Hubbard is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a past high priest of the Som- erville Royal Arch Chapter ; and is a member of the Central Club of Somerville. In politics he is a Republican. He was married February 10. O. C. HUBBARD. 1876, to Miss Amaryllis F. Faulkner, of Boston. They have one child : Amy Louise Hubbard. HUBBARD, Orrin Calvin, of Boston, mer- HUMPHREYS, Richard Clapp, of Boston, chant, was born in Rowley, May 13, 185 1, son of trustee of estates, was born in Dorchester, June Calvin and Mary E. (Chaplin) Hubbard. He is 10, 1836, son of Henry and Sarah Blake (Clapp) of New England ancestry, tracing back two hun- Humphreys. He has the distinction, rare in this MEN OF PROGRESS. 577 couiUiy, of haxiiig been born on a family home- stead dating back to the early seventeenth cen- tur\'. His first ancestors in America, James and Toseph Humphreys, father and son, came from iMigland in 1634, and, settling in Dorchester, erected a house on their farm on the spot where their descendants in the direct line have ever since lived. The house has been twice rebuilt, but a portion of the original one is yet preserved in the present structure. Mr. Humphreys is of the seventh generation born on this historic spot. The Humphreys farm, occupying a large territory, has been so subdivided from time to time with the growth of Dorchester that within its original limits are to-day the dwellings of three hundred families. Henry Humphreys, the father of Rich- ard C, born April 8, 1801, and still living in the old house, carried on the tanning business in Dor- chester, which had descended in the family from the first Humphreys, until his retirement from active pursuits. Mr. Humphreys's mother, also a native of Dorchester, was born near the spot where the first free public school in this country stood. He is the oldest survivor of a family of thirteen children. He attended school, beginning at the age of four, in a wooden school-house still standing, which then occupied the site now covered by the Edward Everett School-house, but was afterward moved to another lot. This accommo- dated a primary and grammar school; and he passed through both grades, graduating in 1851. The following year he entered the grocery store of J. H. Upham & Co. at Upham's Corner, Dorches- ter, as a boy, and nine years later became a part- ner. He continued in this business for twenty- years, and ne.xt entered the real estate business in Boston, associated with Holbrook & Fo.x, where he remained eight years. Then retiring, he en- gaged in his present occupation, that of trustee of estates, receiving in course of time more than fifty appointments from the courts as executor, admin- istrator, trustee, or guardian. Much of his time for the past twelve or fifteen years has also been given to charitable, philanthropic, and educational work. During the greater part of this period he has been president of the ])orchester Branch of the Associated Charities of Boston, president of the Dorchester Employment and Relief Society, and an overseer of the poor ; and he is now- connected with upward of twenty beneficent and religious organizations, the list including the Mas- sachusetts School for E'eeble-minded, the New England Hospital for Women and Children, the Boston Home for Incurables, the Municipal Re- form League, the Unitarian Sunday School Union, the Christian Register Association, the Dorche.ster First Parish Sunday-school, and others. Since 1888 he has been a member of the Boston School Committee, in that body serving as chairman of the committees on nominations, supplies, school- houses, and annual report, and having a part in much of its important work ; and has interested himself meanwhile in various municipal reforms. He is prominently connected with the First Parish Church of Dorchester, — now the oldest religious RICHARD C. HUMPHREYS. society in Boston, with which the Humphreys family have worshipped since the first coming of James and Joseph in 1634, — being treasurer of the society and associated in the diaconate with his father, who has held the ofiice for sixty years ; he is president of the Norfolk Unitarian Confer- ence, having held that position for more than ten years, treasurer of the Unitarian Sunday School Society for the past ten years ; and is at present associated w-ith various activities of the Unitarian denomination. In politics he is an Independent Republican, conservative in his views, strong in his convictions, quick to "bolt" a bad nomination and to lead or join an unpopular movement in the 578 MEN OF PROGRESS. principles of which he liuliexes. Mr. Humphreys was married March 5, 1863, to Miss Sarah E. Eeals, of Dorchester, by whom he had one son : Clarence B. Humphreys. She died in 1889. He married second, June 30, 1892, Mrs. Susan M. Clapp, daughter of Alexander Campbell, of Cherrj^- field. Me. J.\CKSON, William Benjamin, M.D., of Lowell, was born in Dracut, February 28, 1853, son of Henry and Elizabeth ( Butterworth) Jack- son. His parents were middle-class English peo- ple who came to this country in the forties. WILLIAM B. JACKSON. After a few years in the mills in Lowell his father moved the family to Stowe, Vt., where they lived on a farm till 1871; and in 1875 they returned to Lowell. He was educated in com- mon and high school in Vermont, at the State Normal School in Plymouth, N.H., and at the New Hampshire Conference Seminary in Tilton, N.H. He taught school three years in Vermont and New Hampshire, and then took up the study of medicine. One year was spent in the office of Dr. Pinkham in Lowell, and three years at the Harvard Medical School, where he graduated in 1880; and subsequently, in 1892, he took a post- graduate course in anatomy in the medical school. He began practice immediately upon his gradua- tion in 1S80, established in Lowell, and has since continued there. He has been a member of the staff of the Lowell Hospital since about 1886 ; surgeon to the Lowell General Hospital since its organization in 1894; gyna;cologist to St. John's Hospital since 1893: surgeon to out-patients at St. John's since 1894; and agent of the Board of Health of the town of Tewksbury since 1894. He has no specialty, doing a general practice. But he is most interested in surgery and bacteri- ology. He has performed, either in the hospitals or in private practice, about all the major opera- tions. About the year 1886 he began to make e.xaminations of sputa for tubercle bacilU for diag- nostic purposes. He was the first in Lowell to make a bacteriological diagnosis of diphtheria. For several years he has made microscopical e.x- aminations of tumors for other physicians. He is prominent in medical organizations, having been a councillor in the Massachusetts Medical Society since about 1892 ; and treasurer of the Middlesex North District Medical Society for seven years, beginning about 1884. He was one of the organ- izers of the Lowell Medical Club and its presi- dent in 1894; and is a member of the Harvard Medical Alumni Association. Dr. Jackson is priiminentl}' connected also with fraternal organi- zations. He is a member of Waverly Lodge, Sons of St. George, was the first grand president of tiiat order in this State, has been a representa- tive to the Supreme Lodge, and is now a member of that body; is senior deacon of Kilwinning Lodge of Freemasons, member of Mt. Horeb Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, and member of Pilgrim Commanderv of Knights Templar. In politics he has never done anything more than to vote. He was a Republican until 1884, since which time he has been a 1 )emocrat. He was married I\Liy 10, 1882, to Miss Clara T. Clark, of Plymouth, N.H. They have had four chil- dren: William C. (born in 1883), Harry F. (born in 1885, died in 1887), Helen (born in i88g), and Lawrence M. Jackson (born in 1891). JENKS, William Samuel, of Adams, manu- facturer, is a native of Adams, born December I, 1855, son of Edwin F. and Nancy S. (Fisk) Tenks. His paternal great -great -grandparents were Edmund and Kesiah (Olney) Jenks, of Rhode Island; his great-grandparents, Samuel and MEN OF PROGRESS. 579 Lur;\ni;i (Ballou) Jenks ; and his grandparents, Daniel and Lucy (lirown) Jenks. He was the youngest of a family of four, the others being elected, is now serving his second term. During his first term he was a member of the committee on printing, and in his second term on the com- mittee on roads and bridges, active as clerk of the committee. In politics he has always been a Re- publican and a Protectionist. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, a member of the Berkshire Lodge, the Corinthian Chapter, the St. Paul Commandery, Knights Templar, and the Aleppo Temple, Mystic Shrine ; and he is also a Knight of Pythias, member of Adams Lodge, No. 67. He was married October 13, iStSi, to Miss Cor- nelia Bliss Dean. They have two children : Mildred Dean and Jessica Estelle Jenks. JONES, LoMB.\RD CARTER, M.D., of Melrose, was born in Sandwich, February 17, 1865, son of Isaiah T. and Hannah C. (Weeks) Jones. He is descended on the paternal side from William Bradford, the second governor of the Plymouth Colony. On the maternal side the male members of the family were almost all seamen, and among W. S. JENKS. Edmund D., Charles C, and Lucy B. His edu- cation was acquired in public and private schools, attending the former until nine years of age, then a boarding-school at Clinton, N.Y., for two years, and Mills Institute, South Williamstown, where he was prepared to enter Williams College in 1873. From 1S75 to 1880 he made a thorough study of the manufacture of paper at Holyoke, under the supervision of his brother, Charles C. Jenks, who is now president of the Whiting Paper Company of Holyoke, and the L. L. Brown Paper Company of Adams. Subsequently he was associated with Charles E. Legate in the merchant tailoring and ready-made clothing business, under the firm name of Jenks & Legate, at Adams for a period of eight years. He is now a director of the L. L. Brown Paper Company, also a director of the First National Bank of Adam.s, and clerk of the South Adams Savings Bank of Adams. Mr. Jenks has served his town as chief of the fire department for four years, and is now serving a second three years' term of the prudential committee of the .\dams fire district. In 1893 he was first elected to the Legislature for the term of 1894, and, re- I LOMBARD C. JONES. them were some of the most successful whaling captains who ever sailed from New Bedford. His preparatory education was acquired in the public 5So MEN OF PROGRESS. schools of Sandwich, graduating from the high school in 1882, and his collegiate training at Har- vard, where he graduated '■'■cum himic" in 1887. Entering the Harvard Medical School in Septem- ber following his graduation from the college, he graduated there in June, 1890, and at the begin- ning of the next year entered the Boston City Hospital as first surgical house officer, where he served until July, 1892. Then in September of that year he began the regular practice of his pro- fession in Fall River. Three months later, how- ever, he moved to Melrose, where he has since been established. While in college, he was a member of the Pi Eta Society, of the Harvard Athletic Association, and of Theta Delta Chi ; at the medical school, of the Hoylston Medical So- ciety and of the Doctors' Club. He is now a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Harvard Medical Alumni Association, and of the Boston City Hospital Club ; and is connected with the Masonic fraternity as a master Mason. KELLEY, Seth Wight, M.D., of Woburn, is a native of Maine, born in C)xford, June 26, 1848, son of Cyrus Kingsbury Kelley, M.l)., and Mary Moore (Wight) Kelley. On the paternal side he is a descendant of John Kellie, of the parish of Kellie, Devonshire, England, who came to Amer- ica in 17 10, and settled in New Hampshire; and on the maternal side he descends from Seth Wight, of the Isle of W'ight, who was one of the first settlers of Western Maine. He was educated at the Plymouth (N.H.) Academy, graduating in 1862, at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N.H., graduating in 1865, and at Dartmouth College, graduating in 1869, with the degree of A.M.; and his preparation for his profession was at the Har- vard Medical School, where he graduated M.D. in 1874. During the latter part of his course at Dartmouth he was also engaged in teaching, as principal of the Haverhill (N.H.) Academy (1868- 69); and in 1869-70 he was assistant principal of the Monson (Mass.) Academy. \\'hile at the medical school, he was an assistant in the Boston Dispensary, 1872-73, and hospital interne in the United States Marine Hospital, 1873-74. He began regular practice in Cambridge in 1S74, removing to Woburn the following year. In 1893-94 he was chairman of the Woburn Board of Health. He has served two terms (1876-77) as a member of the School Committee. Dr. Kelley belongs to a number of professional and other associations, in several of which he holds or has held official position. He was president of the East Middlesex Medical Society in 1884-85- 86 ; is a councillor of the Massachusetts Medical Society, having served since 1887 ; was president of the Pine Tree Club of Woburn in 1890-91 ; has been vice-president of the Woburn Suffrage League since 1885 ; and is also a member of the Boylston Medical Society, of the Handel and Haydn Society, Boston, of Phi Beta Kappa (Dart- mouth), of the Dartmouth, Harvard Medical, and Kimball Union Academy .Mumni associations. SETH W. KELLEY. and of Psi Upsilon Fraternity. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, a member of Mt. Horeb Lodge ; and to the Ancient Order of United \\ork- men, member of the Mishawum Lodge. He was married July 26, 1883, to Miss Emma Amanda Putnam. She died in 1890, leaving one child : Christine Putnam Kelley (born June 17, 1885). KRAUS, AnoLPH Robert, of Boston, sculptor, is a native of Germany, born in Zeulenroda, Au- gust 5, 1850, only son of Adolph and Amalie (Krause) Kraus. He attended public school in MEN OF PROGRESS. 581 his native placu, and began practical work in liie line of his profession when not quite fourteen years of age, in car\ing stone and wood, model- ling and designing for art industry and for decora- tive purposes generally. Before long he ex- changed the workshops for studios, becoming an assistant to sculptors of note. He was well paid for his labors, and through the practice of econ- omy was enabled at the age of twenty-three to go to Rome and pursue his art studies there. He first studied tlie antique under Professor Kmilio Wolf (Thorwaldsen's intimate friend). When he had been but a year in the Kternal Cit\', he re- ceived tlie first prize in the newly established Royal Institute of Fine Arts, founded by the Ital- ian government, which had a few years before oc- cupied Rome, reformed all educational institutes, and closed the Papal Accademia di San Luca, opening this institute in its place, with Professors Monte Verde, Masini, and other sculptors of the modern realistic school as teachers. His work for which the prize was awarded represented " A Puritan." In consequence of this achievement he received a small pension from the Prussian government (C'ultus ministerium) by order of Em- peror William. Then, believing in Fortune's smile, he opened a studio and undertook ambi- tious work, — modelling an ¥.ve, an Indian in combat with a snake, and " The Last Moments of a Condemned," in the latter expressing his abhor- rence of capital punishment and the destruction of a beautiful human being. These, however, proved to be too great undertakings for a slender purse; and in 1876, in the hope of earning money sufficient to complete them, he returned to Ger- many, where he engaged in teaching in a large school of architecture, modelling meanwhile por- traits and doing other work. A desire to see London drew him to that city in 1877 ; but, after in vain struggling to establish a studio there, he decided to come to this country. He had then married an English lady, Miss Annie CuUimore. They arrived first in Philadelphia, in 1881 ; and his observations in that city gave him the impres- sion that a sculptor could not speedily prosper in America. But before returning to Germany he wished to visit New York, Boston, and other cities. Boston with its surroundings, the finest of any great city he had seen, impressed him most favorably ; and he decided to remain here, for a while at least. At this time Carl Fehmer, the architect, was building the house of Governor Olixer Ames in Commonwealth Avenue; and Kraus was persuaded by him to model the deco- rative statuary for the interior. Thereafter, Mr. Fehmer and Mr. Ames were both helpful in ad- vancing him as a Boston sculptor. L'pon his suc- cess in a competition for a bust of the poet Karl Heinzen (now in Forest Hills Cemetery, Roxbury) he opened his studio here. His next important success was in the competition for the Theodore Parker monument, for which there were twenty- two competitors. Reliefs on this work, which he subset|uently produced, — " Awakening," " Truth unmasking Error," and " Humanity" taking to her ROBERT KRAUS. breast a slave's child, — are characteristic of his tendencies. Then followed the " Boston Massa- cre " monument (now on Boston Common) ; the Iowa State soldiers' monument, which received the second prize, with forty-seven competitors ; a statue of "Grief" and that of '"Eternal Rest" on the Randidge tomb (both in Forest Hills Ceme- tery) ; portraits of Governor Ames and family and of others ; and statues for the buildings of the World's Fair. Mr. Kraus was married, as above stated, in London, January 5, 1880, to Miss Annie Cullimore. They have five children : three boys, Wilfrid, Herbert, and Alfred ; and two girls, Nellie and Roberta Kraus. 58: MEN OF PROGRESS. KRESS, Georce, of Westfield, member of the bar, was born in the village of Broad Brook, in the town of East Windsor, Conn., December 24, 1848, son of George and Mary Kress. His early life was spent on the farm, attending the public schools of the town during the regular school sea- sons, and subsequently teaching several winters in the same schools. He fitted for college at Wes- leyan Academy, Wilbraham, Mass., and, entering Amherst, graduated there in the class of 1877. While at college, during the latter part of the course he began reading law in the office of E. E. Webster, then in .Vmherst, and continued his CEO. KRESS. studies after graduation in the office of the Hon. E. H. Lathrop in Springfield, from which he was admitted to the bar of Hampden County in June, 1878. He began practice the following month, established himself in the town of Huntington, Hampshire County, and remained there until May 22, 1893, when he opened an office in West- field, at first going back and forth on the trains, but in the following November removing his fam- ily to Westfield. While living in Huntington, he was prominent in local affairs, serving for. several years as chairman of the School Committee and chairman of the Republican town committee, re- signing the latter position just before his removal from the place. He was also for some years chairman of the trustees of the Second Congrega- tional Society i and at the time of his removal was clerk of the society and superintendent of the Sunday-school. In his law business at Hunting- ton he was associated from April 14, 1885, to November 11, 1893, when he moved to Westfield, with Schuyler Clark, under the firm name of Kress & Clark, which became w-ell known in the county. Mr. Kress is a hard worker in his pro- fession. His favorite recreation in its season is that of trout fishing, which he considers superior to any other for relaxation of body and mind from the pressure of care and business. In poli- tics he is always a Republican. He was married January 21, 1879, ^^ Broad Brook, Conn., to Georgetta Adams, of that place. They have one child: Eva J. Kress (born April 5, 1881). LANCASTER, Sherm.^n Russell, M.D., of Cambridge, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Newport, October 14, 1861, son of Icha- bod Russell and M. Ellen (Ireland) Lancaster. He is of English descent on the paternal side, and on the maternal side of Scotch. His pater- nal great-grandfather served in the Revolutionary War. He was brought up on a farm, and edu- cated in the town schools of Newport, at the Co- rinna Union Academy, and at the Maine Central Institute, where he graduated in 1S81. After leaving the academy, and while at the institute, he taught winters to earn money to defray his ex- penses at the latter institution. Always having a desire to follow the medical profession, he began medical studies, immediately after his graduation from the institute, in the office of the late Dr. O. H. Merrill, of Corinna, Me., and sub- sequently attended lectures at the Medical Col- lege of the University of the City of New York. Graduating therefrom March 7, 1887, he estab- lished himself in Cambridge, and began regular practice the following June. .V stranger in the city, without even acquaintances, he was obliged to depend entirely on his own efforts for success ; and the result has been a gradual and healthy growth of his practice from the first year, quite exceeding his expectations when he selected Cambridge for his field. He counts his success as due in a great measure to his close application to business, improving in a legitimate way every opportunity that has presented itself, and his con- MEN OF PROGRESS. 583 scientious care of every case that falls to him for did ijood work in iioston, to which city he early treatment. From the beginning of his academic moved his family. He helped to build the first and professional training he has depended on his fence around Boston Common : and he put the venerable "Old Elm," which long stood near the Frog Pond, in condition, — binding it with iron bands and fi.xing rods to support its droop- ing branches, — so that it was kept intact for twenty-eight years. Hosea W'aite was educated in the public schools of lioston. F^arly determin- ing to become a physician, he attended two courses of lectures, and, being too poor to grad- uate, struck out in independent studies, espe- cially of natural laws, and of nature's remedies found in flowers, leaves, barks, roots, and gums of the wild woods. He began practice in 1854, and has continued without interruption from that time, steadily increasing his field. Being independent of the " regulars," he met many obstacles ; but these have been one by one overcome through the exercise of an indomitable will, perseverance, and his faith in his theories. In 1880 he estab- lished two Hygienetariums, one in Boston, on Rutland Square, and the otiier in Cleveland, Ohio. Besides his professional work he has in- S. R. LANCASTER. own efforts and resources, meeting every expense from his own earnings. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the County Medical Society, and of the Cambridge Society for Medical Improvement. He is also connected with the order of Odd Fellows, a member of Dunster Lodge ; with the Knights of Pythias, a member of St. Omer's Lodge ; and he is a mem- ber of the Citizens' Trade Association of Cam- bridge and of the Cambridge Real Estate Asso- ciates. He is unmarried. LIBBEY, Hosea Waite, M.D., of Boston, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Lebanon, June 28, 1835, son of Moses and Huldah Jane (Langton) Libbey. He is of English descent on both sides. On the paternal side he traces back to T574, the earliest mention of the name being found in Oxfordshire, England, and to early settlers of that part of Massachusetts which after- wards became Maine ; and on the maternal side he descends from Sir John Langton, of London, England. His father was a skilful mechanic, and HOSEA W. LIBBEY. dulged in invention ; and he has produced a great variety of ingenious devices, from a meat-boiler to a steam and electric bicycle. As early as 187 1 584 MEN OF PROGRESS. he invented the " no-hoise-to-feed buggy," pro- pelled by the feet with an endless chain, from which the bicycle of to-day developed. He was the first to spring a rubber tire into a periphery of a wheel, the first also to use the sprocket wheel and endless chain and tension wheel. His steam and electric bicycles are designed to run at a speed of from fifteen to twenty miles an hour, with a supply of steam for a journey of twelve hours, and a constant supply of electricity from a primary battery of his own invention. Fully fitted, they will weigh each but a little more than one hundred pounds. The number of his inventions for which he has obtained patents had reached eighty in 1893. Among the latest are an automatic aerial railroad, a two-story street car, and an electric locomotive. In politics and in religion Dr. Lib- bey classes himself as a liberal, having " never been creed-bound to anything." He was a Re- publican until the failure of the party to follow the leadership of Blaine, since which time he has been an Independent. He has published a num- ber of journals, and has for thirty-five years issued Boston Hys^icnia. He was married November 8, 1856, to Lavinia R. Hollister, of Marblehead, Ohio. They have had one daughter, Vinnietta June Libbey, a graduate of Wellesley College in the class of 1892. Arlington Boat Club. He is a strong advocate of physical training for young men, and, as a mem- ber of the boat club, takes great pleasure in its LIBBY, Charles Adelhert, M.D., of Arling- ton, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Lim- ington, August 15, 1851, son of Shirley and Mary (Sinclare) Libby. He was educated in the com- mon school and at the Limington Academy. After leaving the academy, he began the study of medicine in Melrose, Mass., with J. Heber Smith, M.D., who was then physician of that tow-n, and subsequently entered the Homceopathic Medical College of New York, where he graduated in March, 1873. Upon leaving college, he took charge of the practice of Dr. J. A. Burpee, of Maiden, for a few weeks, and then in May settled in Arlington, where he has been in active prac- tice ever since, his field extending into adjoining towns. He has won a reputation for ability and conscientious devotion to the interests of his pa- tients. He is a member of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, a member of Hiram Lodge, and of the Boston Commandery, Knights Templar ; and his club associations are with the C. A. LIBBY. athletic sports and practice. Dr. Libby was married December 16, 1874, to Miss Maria S. Small, of Scarborough Me., daughter of Captain James and Susan (Parker) Small. LOCKWOOD, Rev. John Hoyt, of Westfield, pastor of the First Congregational Church, is a native of New York, born in Troy, January 17, 1848, son of Charles N. and Mary Elizabeth (Fry) Lockwood. The first of his ancestors on the pa- ternal side, in the country, came from Northamp- tonshire, England, and settled in Watertown, Mass., in 1630 ; and he is in the si.xth generation from Ephraim Lockwood, who came from \\'atertown to Norwalk, Conn., in 1650. His paternal great- grandfather, Isaac Lockwood, was a soldier of the Revolution through the entire war. His grandparents, Hanford N. and Rachael (Wildman) Lockwood, went from Danbury, Conn., to Troy, N.Y., in 18 10, where the former was a leading merchant for many years, and for a time mayor of the city. His mother's parents were Deacon John Fry and Eliza Wildman Fry, of Danbury, MEN OF PROGRESS. 585 Conn. His education was begun in tiic public scliools of Troy, wliich lie attended till i860. Tlien lie was a student at tlie Troy Academy for four years, wliere lie fitted for college ; and, enter- ing Williams at the age of sixteen, graduated there in the class of 1868 with the degree of A.I'., to which was added in 187 1 that of A.M. for a three years' course of literary study. Meanwhile he took the full course at the Princeton Theolog- ical Seminary, graduating in the class of 187 1. He was licensed to preach in the spring of 1870 by the Presbytery of New York in New York City, and in the following summer, at the end of Ills second year in the seminary, was in Southern Minnesota, doing home missionary work, also or- ganizing a Presbyterian church at Wells. The fol- lowing year, on November 15, he was ordained to the ministry, and installed pastor of the Reformed Church of Canastota, N.Y., by the C'lassis of Ca- yuga. His pastorate there closed on April 28, 1873 ; and he was soon afterward installed pastor of the New England Congregational Church of lirooklyn, N.Y. Resigning that position December 31, 1878, on the first of April, 1879, he assumed the year the church celebrated its bicentennial : and he preached the historical sermon, wiiicii was sub- sequently printed in book form. During his ad- ministration the memlsership of the church has steadily increased, and it has become one of the leading organizations of its denomination in the western part of the State. Mr. Lockwood is es- pecially interested in the Sunday-school, of whicii he is the superintendent, and has so increased its numbers that it is now considerably larger than the church membership. In 1894 a chapel cost- ing about $20,000 was added to the church build- ing, which was largely the result of his efforts. He is a fluent and forcible preacher and a model pastor. Outside of his parochial duties Mr. Lock- wood is much concerned in educational, mission- ary, and benevolent matters, and in the various activities of the town, in which he is counted a foremost citizen. He has been a member of the Westfield School Committee for five years, the last two years chairman of the board ; has served for a long period as a director of the Westfield Athenx'um (the public library); and has been, since early in his pastorate, on the ISoard of Trustees of the Westfield Academy Fund. He is a member of the Kappa Alpha Society at Will- iams, the oldest Greek letter society in the United States ; a charter member of the Connecticut Val- ley Congregational Club, an organization com- posed of leading Congregational clergymen and laymen of the valley, of which he was president in 1888; and a member of the Connecticut River Valley Theological Club, to which he was elected 18S2. He has served a three years" term as alumni visitor at Williams College, and is one of the nom- inees for alumni trustees to be voted for at the next commencement (1895). In politics he is an Independent Republican. Mr. Lockwood was married July ig, 1871, to Miss Sarah L. Bennett, daughter of Dr. Ezra P. and Sarah M. Bennett, of Danbury, Conn. They have three children liv- ing : William A. (class of '96, Williams), .\nnie E., and Lucy B. Lockwood (^in school at Westfield). JOHN H. LOCKWOOD. duties of the pastorate of the First Congregational Church of Westfield, his present charge, and was formally installed May 14 following. The same LUND, Rodney, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Vermont, born in Cor- inth, Orange County, .\pril 28, 1830, son of Thomas and Anna (Marks) Lund. His grand- father, Noah Lund, was one of the first settlers of Corinth, going there from Dunstable, now Nashua, N.H. He was educated in the common schools 586 MEN OF PROGRESS. and at tlie Corinth and Bradford academies. After two years in a printing-office he entered the law office of Judge Spencer, of Corinth, to prepare itics as a Republican, in the Fremont campaign, and for several years after was quite active ; but, finding that politics and law did not work well together, he finally gave up the former. He was married September 13, 1854, to Miss Myra M. Chubb, of Hardvvick, \'t. They have no children. RODNEY LUND. for his profession, meanwliile pursuing studies in the classics and in other branches evenings, as he had done from tlie time of leaving the academy. He subsequently read with Robert McOrmsby, of Bradford. He was admitted to the bar at the December term of the Orange County ( Vt.) court in 185 1, and began practice in December of the following year at White River Junction, Vt., in association with Lewis R. Morris, under the firm name of Lund & Morris. In the autumn of i860 he moved to Montpelier, \'t., and there formed a partnership with Joseph A. ^^'ing, which continued until the autumn of 1867, when he removed to Boston, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar. Very soon after his establishment in the latter city he became a partner of Judge Robert L Bur- bank, and this relation continued for about fif- teen years. Then he entered into partnership with Charles H. \\"elch, under the firm name of Lund & Welch, which has since continued. Their business has been a general law practice and patent cases. While residing in Vermont, Mr. Lund held the office of deputy secretary of St.ate for three years, ending in 1867. He entered pol- LYMAN, George Hixcki.ev, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar. was born in Boston, December 13, 1850, son of George H. and Maria C. R. (Austin) Lyman. He is a great-grandson of Elbridge Gerry. He was educated in the Boston Latin School, at the St. Paul's School, Concord, N.H., where he spent four and a half years, and at Harvard, graduating A. 15. in 1873. Subse- quently he entered the Harvard Law School, and graduated LL.B. in 1877, and was further fitted for his profession by eighteen months' study in Germany, one year in the law office of Ropes & Gray, Boston, and one year in the office of Thorn- ton K. Lothrop, Boston. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in the spring of 1878, and has since been engaged in general practice in Boston and GEO. H. LYMAN. in the care of private trusts. He also holds a number of directorships. In politics Mr. Lyman has always been a Republican, and has for some MEN OF PROGRESS. 587 time been proniiiiL'ntly conncclcd with the party organization. He was treasurer of tlic Repulilican city committee of Boston one year(iS92), cliair- man of tlie finance committee of the Republican State Committee two years (1893 and 1894), and is now chairman of the State Committee, having been elected to the headship in January, 1895. He is a member of the Somerset, Country, and St. Botolph clubs. He was married April 26, 1881, to Miss Caroline 1!. .\mory, daughter of William .\mor\-, of Boston. Their children are : Kllen 1!., .Maria C, and (George H. L\'man, Jr. West End Street Railway investigation. He has fretpiently been mentioned for senator for the Second Bristol District and for mayor of Fail Mcdonough, John J.vmes, of Fail River, judge of the Second District Court of Bristol, is a native of Fall River, born March 15, 1857, son of Michael and Ellen ( Hayes) McDonough. He is of Irish descent, his ancestors of Sligo and Clare counties. His early education was acquired in the F'all River public schools, and after grad- uating therefrom he entered Holy Cross College, Worcester, where he took a si.\ years' course, and graduated second in a class of twenty-si.\, with the degree of A.B., in June, 1880. He ne.xt studied a year and a half at the Grand Seminary in Mon- treal, P.Q., taking a course in philosophy and moral and dogmatic theology ; and then entered the Boston University Law School, from which he was graduated with the regular degree of LL.B. in the class of 1884. Admitted to the Bristol bar in September following, he early en- tered upon a lucrative practice in Bristol and Barnstable counties. He was appointed to his present position as judge of the Second District Court of Bristol in 1893, first nominated in March that year a special justice, by Governor Russell, and on May 13 following nominated and unani- mously confirmed as justice. Upon becoming judge, he discontinued the practice of law in ac- cordance with his sense of propriety. In politics Judge McDonough is a Democrat, and in 1890-gi was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee. He served in the lower house of the Legislature as representative for the Eighth Bris- tol District in 1889-90. During his first term he was a member of the committees on taxation and on probate and insolvency, clerk of the former, and during his second term of the committee on the judiciary, acting as its clerk. In the session of 1890 he championed the cause of George Fred Williams in the latter's advocacy of the famous JNO. J. Mcdonough. River. Mr. McDonough has also given some attention to journalism, having been for a time editor of the Fall River Herald and of the Catho- lic Advoiate of Fall River. He is not a society or club man. He was married November 4, 1890, to Miss Elizabeth Frances McCarthy, of Province- town. They have one daughter : Mary Eustelle McDonough. MOORE, Ir.\ L0RI.STON, M.I)., of Boston, for more than twenty years one of the largest opera- tors in vacant land in Boston, and prominent in a number of improvements, is a nativ-e of New Hampshire, born in Raymond, November 24, 1824, eldest son of Ira and Mary Gorden (Brown) Moore. On his father's side he is descended from General Moore, one of Washington's generals ; and on his mother's side he traces his lineage back to the Browns, London linen mer- chants, who came to this country in 1635, and settled at Hampton, N.H. When he was a lad of si.vteen, his family moved to Lowell. After attend- ing the public schools there for a few terms, he fitted for college under the late Harvey Jewell and 588 MEN OF PROGRESS. tlie Rev. Dr. Cyrus Mann, and entered Amherst in the class of 1847. Completing the college course, he began the study of medicine with Dr. John Wheelock Graves, of Lowell, shortly after entering the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia. There he was graduated at the head of his class of two hundred and twenty-seven members. Re- turning to Lowell, he went into copartnership with Dr. Graves, which relation was continued for a year or more. Then pursuing his profession alone, in which he displayed remarkable skill, he soon attained a practice equal to that of any phy- sician in his city. He was particularly successful IRA L. MOORE. in the treatment of typhoid fever, cholera, and cholera infantum. In i860 he removed to Boston, where for nearly ten years he continued in prac- tice. Then he retired with a competence, and de- voted himself to speculation in real estate on a large scale. Dr. Moore was a member of the Legislature, representing Lowell in 1857, and from Boston in 1866-67, 1871-72. When elected from Lowell, he was the first Republican elected in Middlese.x County who had not been a member of the American party. During his first term he was the chief advocate of the filling of the Back Bay District of the city of Boston. In 1858 he received the nomination for State senator, but was defeated in the election by General B. F. Butler by a small vote. While a resident of Lowell he was twice elected director of the Lowell Public Library ; and the year after his removal to Boston he was elected a member of the Boston School Committee for the term of three years. In 18S9 he was a member of the Common Council. F'or thirty years Dr. Moore has been an active member of the order of Odd Fellows, and has tilled all the high offices, both in the lodge and the encampment. Dr. Moore was first married on January i, 1873, to Charlotte Maria, daughter of the late Daniel Chamberlin, long proprietor of the first Adams House ; and the issue of this marriage were two children : Charlotte Lillian and Daniel Loriston Moore, the latter living but two years. Mrs. Moore died September 9, 1887. Upon the death of her father, which occurred in 1879, Dr. Moore was appointed, under the will, chairman of the e.xec- utors and trustees of the Chamberlin estate ; and with other trustees he soon decided to demolish the old Adams House and to build the present fine hotel on its site. Dr. Moore's second wife, to whom he was married on October 4, 1893, was Mrs. Harriet N. Warner, widow of the late Hon. Oliver Warner, secretary of the Commonwealth from 1858 to 1876. MORRIS, Michael .Aucu.stine, M.D.. of Charlestown District, Boston, is a native of New Brunswick, born in St. John, December 13, 1850, son of Hugh and Margaret Morris. His parents were also natives of St. John. He received a thorough education in the Mill's Training School of St. John, the Lancaster Superior School at Lancaster, N.B., and from private tutor; and began the study of medicine just before his eighteenth year, in October, 1868, under Dr. John Berryman, of St. John. At the end of that year he came to Boston, and entered the Harvard Med- ical School. While a student, he was appointed, after a competitive examination, house surgeon at the Boston City Hospital, and was there from May 5, 1872, to May 5, 1873. He was graduated from the Medical School the following June, and in October established himself in Charlestown, where he has since remained engaged in general practice. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Boston Society for Medi- cal Observation, of the Massachusetts Medical MEN OF PROGRESS. 589 Iknevolent Society, of the Harvard Medical of Dr. Alonzo Garceloii, at tiiat time governor of Alumni Association, and of the lioston City the State, and subsequently attended the medical Hospital Medical Club. He belongs also to the department of the University of the City of New \ork, from which he graduated March 8, 1881. He began practice, soon after graduation and a short time spent in I'.ellevue Hospital, New York, in Lisbon, Me. ; but, that being a factory town with a transient population, he early sought a more settled field, and in 1883 removed to Newton, N.H. There he at once began a busy life, his practice extending into several towns and villages. It was, however, a hard country practice with long drives ; and in March, 1885, while convalescing from an attack of pneumonia, he decided to withdraw from it, although he had been very successful, had built a house in the town, was superintendent of schools, and generally well established. As he was the only physician in the place, he found no difficulty in selling both house and practice ; and this being accomplished, the purchaser being a doctor from Vermont, in September, 1885, he removed to Mel- rose, Mass., where he has since been engaged in active practice. In 18S8 he became interested, through the writings of prominent medical men at ■•^spfF^^^ir^ M. A. MORRIS. L'niversity Club of Boston and the Charlestown Club of Charlestown District. He has prepared papers on various medical and surgical topics, which have appeared in the Boston Medical and SiDx'iial Joiintal. He has never married. MORSE, Fred Harris, M.D., of Melrose and Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Wilton, May 4, 1857, son of Russell S. and Susan A. (Frost) Morse. His father was well known throughout Maine, and New England generally, by his numer- ous patents and inventions. His early education was acquired through the usual attendance at country schools two terms a year, then two years were spent at the Wilton Academy ; and he finished at the Lewiston (Me.) High School, from which he graduated in 1876. After leaving the High School, he taught for a while in different parts of Maine, at one time being principal of a school in Lewiston. In 1877, going to Ravenna, Ohio, to assist his father in the latter's business, he was a student in a dentist's office there for a year. Then, returning, he became a student at Lewiston F. H. MORSE. home and abroad, in the newer theories of elec- tricity as applied to medicine : and after much in- vestigation of the subject, making frequent trips 590 MEN OF PROGRESS. to New York and visiting some of his old college professors who had become specialists in this method of treating many diseases, he fitted his office with all the best appliances he could find in the country. In 1892 he went to Europe still further to study the subject, and spent the greater part of his time abroad in Paris, where the best opportunities were offered. Upon his return he opened an office in Boston on Boylston Street, and is now established on Beacon Street as an electro-therapeutic specialist. He is also lecturer of electro-therapeutics in the Tufts College Medical School. Dr. Morse is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Gynaeco- logical Society of Boston, and of the American Electro-therapeutic Association. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a member of the Hugh de Payens Commandery, Knights Templar, and with the Odd Fellows, belonging to the Mel- rose Lodge. He is a member also of the Melrose Club. He was married October 31, 1881, to Miss Mary Elmira Maxwell, of Lewiston, Me., only daughter of O. M. Ma.xwell, a prominent mer- chant of that city. They have one child : Mildred M. Morse (born in 1884). MORSE, Nathan Ransun, A.M., M.D., of Salem, was born in the town of Stoddard, N.H., February 20, 1831, being the first-born child to Nathan and Jane (Robb) Morse, well known and honored in the community, who reared a large family of eight children, — four sons and four daughters, — all of whom are ali\e and in good health (1895), and alike honored in the community in which they reside, not one of whom has ever used tobacco or alcoholic stimulants. He is, on his mother's side, grandson of Captain Samuel Robb, of Stoddard, who served in the Revolution under General Stark ; and, on his father's side, great-grandson of Deacon Eli Morse, of Dublin, N.H., who was the second son of Nathaniel Morse, of Medford, Mass., and he a great-grandson of Samuel Morse, the distintruished Puritan ancestor who emigrated from England to America with his family in 1635 at the age of fifty, in the ship "Increase," and settled in Ded- ham, Mass., where he was one of the most promi- nent among the leading spirits in the settlement, and its town treasurer for many years. The early life of Dr. Morse, like that of most country boys, was spent upon the farm, with such limited in- struction as the conuuon schools of his native town then afforded. At the age of twenty-one he resolved that he would fit himself for college, and, if possible, work his way through. This he successfully accomplished by teaching school in the winter, selling books, and canvassing for sub- scriptions during the summer vacations. He attended two terms at 'I'ubbs Union Academy, Washington, N.H., under Professor Dyer H. San- born, and completed his preparatory fitting at Nashua, N.H., as a private pupil, in connection with the late Dr. J. H. Woodbury, of Boston, under the tuition uf that classical scholar and dis- NATHAN R. MORSE. tinguished instructor, the late M. C. Stebbins, A.M., of Springfield, Mass., who later was the in- structor and mentor of the Rev. Dr. Charles H. Parkhurst, of New York, and now of world-wide renown. Entering Amherst College in 1853, at the urgent request of Mr. Stebbins, he was gradu- ated there in 1857. During his senior year he was publisher of the Amherst Co/h-giafi: Magazine. He was one of the best known students in col- lege, — prominent in the famous foot-ball game of the freshmen in 1853, also in assisting President Edward Hitchcock in securing some of the most noted bird-tracks in the Connecticut valley, and in other geological work ; but more especially MEN OF PROGRESS. 591 known through liis prominence in political life, he beiny; the only Democrat in his class during the Kansas-Nebraska excitement of 1854-55, under the ailministration of Franklin Pierce. After graduation Dr. Morse taught school in Marion and Du.xbury, was principal of the High School, Holyoke, in 1859 and i860, and spent the ever-memorable winter of 1860-61 as private tutor in the families of W. A. Parks, Ouachita t'ity, and his father, the Rev. Levi Parks, Bas- trop, La. Returning north in June of 1861, after the Civil War had begun, he entered the Harvard Medical School, and, continuing his studies at the medical department of the University of Vermont, graduated from the latter in June, 1862, the first in his class. In August, the same year, he lo- cated in the town of Reading, Mass., and there engaged in the successful practice of medicine. After a few montlis' residence in the town, upon the resignation of Master Batchelder, chairman of the .School Committee, he was appointed a mem- ber of the board, and was at once elected chair- man, to which position he was re-elected eacli suc- ceeding year till his resignation in July, 1865, upon his removal to Salem, where he also subse- quently served on the School Committee for a period of six years. He has resided in Salem since 1865, and for se\eral years enjoved one of the largest clientage in his profession in that his- toric city. Dr. Morse has a kind word and a large heart, full of sympathy for all in distress; and no worthy applicant comes to him for aid or assistance and goes away empty-handed. He is genial in his intercourse with others, but firm and independent in his conviction of duty. He is never idle, a man of great energy, large enthusi- asm, and strict integrity, who never shirks respon- sibility in the discharge of any duty. He has been repeatedly urged to accept offices of honor and trust in his adopted city, but has finiilv re- fused all, save that of membership in the School Committee. He stands high in his profession as a physician, his services being often required in consultation outside of his immediate practice. He was professor of diseases of children in the medical department of Boston University from 1874 to 1879, and one of the founders of the in- stitution. He was secretary of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society during 1878-79, edited volumes IX. and \'. of the society's Transac- tions, and was its orator in 1874. He was secre- tary of the Essex County Homoeopathic Medical Society from 1S72 to 1S79, '"''' 'lie" 'ts presi- dent, and he was also president of the Massachu- setts Surgical and (iyna'cological Society ; and he is a senior member of the American Institute of Honueopathy. In 1S54 he first joined a secret society in college during his freshman year; but the •' Know Nothings " appeared the same year, and, being disgusted with much of their political work, he renounced all affiliation with secret or- ganizations till the year 1866, when, forming a favorable opinion of Masonry, he made application to P^ssex Lodge of Salem, and was made a master Mason the same year. A few years later he joined the Odd Fellows, and he was a charter member of the North Star Lodge of the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the thirty-second degree Ancient and .\ccepted Scottish Rite and a ninety-fifth degree of the Royal Masonic Rite, and past most wise of Boston Rose Croix Chap- ter. In September, 1878, he was requested to examine a copy of the constitution and by-laws of the Royal Arcanum, and then give his opinion upon that form of graded fraternal insurance. His opinion being favorable, he at once became interested in forming Salem Council, No. 14, of the order. He was elected its past regent, and upon the institution of the Grand Council to Massachusetts was elected grand vice-regent. In F'ebruary, 1879, '^^ .secured seventy-five charter members for a council of the American Legion of Honor. He was elected past commander of Naumkeag Council, No. 8, and upon the organiza- tion of the Grand Council of Massachusetts was selected for its grand commander, but, declining the honor, was elected the first representative to the Supreme Council of the order. He was honored in that body by being successively elected to the office of chaplain, sentry, and chair- man of the finance committee for three successive years. In March, 1880, after much solicitation, he organized John Endicott Colony, No. 9, United Order of the Pilgrim Fathers, in Salem, and be- came its first ex-governor, admitting him to the supreme colony. He was at once elected to the board of directors in that body, and subsequently supreme medical examiner, supreme lieutenant governor, and supreme governor in 1885-86-87. He is given the credit of having made the Pilgrim Fathers one of the best of the fraternal insurance associations now in New England during his long official connection with the order. In politics Dr. Morse has been a lifelong Jeffersonian Demo- 592 MEN OF PROGRESS. crat. He has served as a member and chairman of the Democratic city committee and as presi- dent of the National Democratic Club of Salem. In 1886 he was the Democratic candidate for the Governor's Council, Fifth District, running some five hundred votes ahead of the ticket ; and he was suggested by a leading Democratic journal, the New Hampshire Patriot, as a suitable candidate, in every way qualified, for governor of the Commonwealth in 1889. In 1887 he pur- chased Baker's Island in Salem Harbor, and erected a hotel thereon, which he has since en- larged several times, making it one of the pleasantest of summer resorts on our beautiful New England coast. The island is reached by steamboats from Boston, Salem \\'illo\vs, and Beverly ; and the sail from Boston is one of the finest excursions on the coast. Dr. Morse is sixty-four years of age, but he is as active and vigorous as most men at forty. He has been twice married. In 1859 he married Miss Lottie L. Barden, second daughter of the late Captain Frederick Barden, of Marion, formerly of Charles- ton, S.C, who for twenty years before the Civil War was the owner of the steamers now known as the "Gordon'' and " Sumpter," famous Confeder- ate privateers. His first wife died in May, 1862, leaving two sons, Frederick L. and William N. Morse. In December, 1864, he married Miss Rebecca H. Brown, preceptress of Powars Insti- tute, Bernardston, Mass., only daughter of the late Joshua L. Brown, of Gorham, Me., by whom he has three sons : Charles Wheeler, George A., and Henry V\'. Morse ; and one daughter, Helen B. Morse. The eldest son by his second wife is a young and promising physician and sur- geon in Salem, who spent the winter of 1893-94 in Vienna, perfecting himself for his life-work. George A. is a graduate of Amherst College, class of '91, and at present student in the Har- vard Law School ; and Henry W., the younger, is in the scientific department of Harvard Uni- versity. MORTON, Charles, of Boston, civil engineer and landscape architect, is a native of Boston, born July 19, 1841, son of Josephus and Sarah (Lewis) Morton. He is a descendant of George Morton, who came from England to the Plymouth Colony in the ship " Ann '" in 162 i. His educa- tion was acquired in the Boston public schools, including the I'lanklin, Dwight. and English High schools, and at the Norwich University, Norwich, Vt. (now at Northfield, \'t.), where he graduated in i860. Upon leaving the military college, he was immediately employed in Southern Minnesota and Northern Iowa, engaged in surveying govern- ment lands. Then, returning East, from 1862 to 1865 he was employed on the Boston Back Bay Improvement, assisting in the development of the Commonwealtli and Boston Water Power Com- pany's lands from Arlington Street to Chester Park (now Massachusetts Avenue), and Tremont Street to the same thoroughfare. In 1865 he be- came connected with the office of the Boston city engineer, and after a service here of two years as assistant entered the city surveyor's office, where he remained for eighteen years (1867-85), en- gaged during that period in much important work. He was next in ciiarge of the street and bridge departments of the city as acting and deputy superintendent for two years, 1886 and 1887. The following year he was general superintendent of the Boston Heating Company. Then he re- turned to the service of the city as superintendent of sewers, which position he held through 1889 CHAS. MORTON. and 1S90. In iSgi he was appointed a member of the Board of Survey of the City of Boston, upon which he is still serving. He also continues Men Of pkoGRESS. 59- tlic guiicral piMctice of his profession as a nK'iiibi.-r of the firm of Morton & ( hiiiiihy. civil engineers and landscape architects. Mr. Morton is promi- nently connected with the Masonic fraternity, being a member of the Aberdour Lodge. St. Paul's Chapter, Roxbury Council, and Joseph Warren Conimandery; is a member of the Wash- ington Lodge, Odd Fellows, of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Associatitm, and of the Bos- ton and Roxbury clubs. In politics he is not a partisan. He is generally a Republican, but votes for the best man according to his judgment. He was married December 25, 1865, to Miss Annie H. Hunt, of Dorchester. They have no children. ized the Workmen's IJenefit Association, and asso- ciated with himself as incorporators Charles E. Spencer, Thomas F. Temple, Fred C". Ingalis, and MOTT, Joseph VAR.\arM, M.D., of lioston, is a native of New York, born in New York City, Sep- tember 5, 1849, eldest son of the late Henry A. Mott, a noted lawyer of New York City, and Mary Varnum Mott, daughter of Joseph B. Varnum. He is a grandson of Dr. Valentine Mott, of New- York, known in his day as the " king of sur- geons." He was educated in the Lyons Institute and by private tutors, and graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York in 1872. Thereafter he was connected with vari- ous hospitals and dispensaries. He was a mem- ber of the New York County Medical Society, of the Harlem Medical Association, of the Physi- cians' Mutual Aid Association, and of other medi- cal societies. He continued in general practice in New York until 1882, when he devoted two years to foreign travel, visiting Australia, Philip- pine Islands, China, Europe, and other parts of the world; and on his return in 18S4, at the solicitation of friends, established himself in Bos- ton. Here he early enjoyed an extensive prac- tice. ( )f late years he has devoted his time to fraternal work, and holds official positions in a large number of philanthropic organizations. He is eminently qualified as a public speaker, and the subject of fraternity as presented by him never fails to interest and entertain the large audiences he often addresses. He is medical examiner for the Ancient Order of LTnited Workmen, the New England Order of Protection, the Royal Society of Good Fellows, the American Legion of Honor, and the Bay State Beneficiary Association. In June, 1893, appreciating the desires of many of the members of the Ancient Order of United Workmen for an additional insurance, he organ- J. VARNUM MOTT. other well-known Workmen. He is the supreme secretary and supreme medical examiner of the association ; and through his earnest eftorts and liberal financial support it was enabled in less than ten months to pay the full benefit of one thousand dollars. Dr. Mott is also treasurer of the Good Fellows' Club, past grand ruler of the Royal Society of Good Fellows, chairman of the trustees of the Twenty-five Associates, and a jus- tice of the peace for this t/ommonwealth. He has been twice married, and has two children li\ ing : Marie Louise and J. Varnum Mott. Dr. Mott resides with his wife at Hotel Ericson, No. 373 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston. MILES, Ch.\rles Edwin, M.D., of Boston, chairman of the State Board of Registration in Medicine, was born in Stow, December 31, 1830, son of Charles and Sophia J. (Brown) Miles. He is of English ancestry, a descendant of John Miles, — then Myles, — settled in Concord in 1637, and made a freeman of Massachusetts Colony in 594 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1638. I'he family has continuously resided in Concord to the present time. His boyhood was spent on a farm in Marlborough, to which his par- ents removed soon after his birth. He attended the common schools till he was old enough to deter- mine his course in life ; and, choosing the profes- sion of medicine, he sought the wider training which the academy afforded. He first became a student in the Academical fJoarding School, Berlin, Mass., and afterward took the course of the Prov- idence Conference Seminary at Fast Greenwich, R.I., interspersing his studies with teaching, as he relied largely upon his own resources for his edu- I C. EDWIN MILES. cation. In 1S56 he began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Charles Putnam, of Marl- borough, and continued with Dr. F. H. Kelley, of Worcester, also studying at the \^'orcester Medical College, from which he graduated February 16, 1859. He began practice the following June in Ro.xbury, and has remained there continuously to the present time. He has always proclaimed his adherence to the principles of eclectic medicine, but has displayed a catholic spu'it toward those of other views. It has been said of him, in a sketch of his professional life, that, while he is " a firm believer in the fundamental principles of modern eclecticism, and is recognized as one of its ablest exponents, he has always advocated the broadest liberality in medical thought and prac- tice, and encouraged the fullest investigation among the different schools of medicine, deprecat- ing partisan strife and arrogant e.xclusiveness, and, regardless of isms and pathies, sought to establish the closest fraternal relations among all reputable members of the profession." He at- tained early in his career a superior position in his profession. In 1867 the Eclectic Medical In- stitute conferred the honorary degree of doctor of medicine upon him. In 1872 he was elected president of the National Eclectic Medical Associa- tion at its annual meeting in Indianapolis, Ind.. and re-elected at Columbus, r)hio, in 1873, an honor which has never before been bestowed on any member. In June, 1894, he was appointed to the new State Board of Registration in Medicine, and in July was elected chairman of the board. He was a charter member of the Massachusetts Eclec- tic Medical Society, of the Boston District Eclec- tic Medical Society, and of the Boston Eclectic Gyna;cological and Obstetrical Society, and has been president of each of these organizations. He has contributed much to the periodical and other literature of eclectic medicine, and is at present one of the associate editors of the Afassa- r/ii/sr//s Afi-dical Journal. Among liis principal pufilished papers are ; " Glimpses at the Medical Art and Profession of the Present Day," the annual address before the Massachusetts Medical Society, June 6, 1867 : " Reminiscences and Con- clusions drawn from an Obstetric Practice of Twenty-two years," read before the Jioston Eclec- tic Gynajcological and Obstetrical Society ; '■ Chlo- rosis," read before the National Eclectic Medical Association, June, 1883; " Re'sume of Typhoid Fever," read before the Boston District Eclectic Medical Society, September 13, 1S92 ; and "La Grippe and its Treatment," read before the Mas- sachusetts Eclectic Medical Society, June, 1S93. Dr. Miles is also prominent in the Metiiodist Episcopal Church, which he joined in 184S, and is an active mover in all its organizations as a lay- man. He was elected president of the Methodist Social Union in December, 1891. In politics he has pronounced opinions, but has never sought office. For two years he served in the Boston School Committee. He was married in 1866 to Miss Eunice Peirce Dyer, of Boston. They have had one daughter (born January 25, 1S68 ; died, July 28, 187 I). MEN OF PROGRESS. 595 MUDGE, Frank Herbert, of Boston, printer, PARKMAN, Henry, of Boston, member of was born in Boston, February lo, 1859, son of tlie Suffolk bar, is a native of Boston, born May Alfred A. and Abby C. (King) Mudge. He is 23, 1850, son of Samuel and Mary Eliot (I)wight) Parkman. The I'arkmans were early settlers in Massachusetts, and his great-great-grandfather, Ebenezer, was pastor of Westborough, Mass., for over fifty years ; and on his mother's side he is descended from the Eliols, Atkins, and from Gov- ernor Dudley, at one time governor of the Prov- ince. He was educated at Chauncy Hall, in Mr. Dixwell's school, under private tutors, and at Har- vard College, graduating in the class of 1870. Subsequentlv he studied law in the Harvard I, aw School and in the office of Russell iV Putnam, Boston, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1874. He has practised in P.dston from that time. He has performed much public service, beginning in the Common Council of Boston, of which he was a member for six years, — from 1879 to 18S4, inclusive, — and continuing in both branches of the Legislature. He was a representative in the lower house for Ward Nine of JJoston in 1886 -87-88, and a senator in 1892-93. During his service in the House he was a member of the FRANK H. MUDGE. descended from the Mudges coming from England in 1640, and settled in Boston ; and on the mater- nal side from Governor Bradford of the Plymouth Colony. He was educated in the Boston schools. Learning the printer's trade, he entered the print- ing business in 1875, and five years later was ad- mitted to the firm of Alfred Mudge & Son. For the past ten years he has been the sole proprietor of the business. He now employs about two hun- dred hands, and is engaged in the general print- ing business of high grade. He has served as vice-president of the LTnited Typotheta; of Amer- ica and as president for two years of the Boston Master Printers' Club. He was connected with the Massachusetts Militia for several years, serv- ing as lieutenant in Battery A, and in 1892 was adjutant of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, the Odd Fellows, the order of Red Men, the Knights of Pythias, the United Order of Work- men, and the Elks, and is a member of the Boston Athletic Club and of the Orpheus Musical Society. Mr. Mudge was married in 1882 to Miss Agnes V. Green, of Boston. They have no children. HENRY PARKMAN. committees on rules, labor, bills in the third read- ing, cities, street railways, and constitutional amendments ; and in the Senate chairman of the 596 MEN OF PROGRESS. committees on cities and on rules, and member of those on election laws and on parishes and relig- ious societies. In 1894 he was a member of the Prison Commission. In politics Mr. Parkman is a Republican, active in the party organization. He has been president of the Republican city committee of Boston at various times. He is a member of the Union Club, of the Boston Ath- letic Association, of the St. Botolph, E.xchange, Country, Puritan, and Eastern Yacht clubs. He was married .August 21, 1890, to Miss Mary Fran- ces Parker, of Newark, N.J. They have three children : Mary Elizabeth, Edith Wolcott, and Henry Parkman. PARKS, John Henrv, of Du.xbury, manufact- urer, is a native of Missouri, but of old New Eng- land stock, — on the paternal side of Connecticut, and on the maternal side of Maine. He was born in St. Loiiis, July 25, 1849, son of John C. and Mary McClellan (Drew) Parks. His father was a native of Meadville, Penna., and his mother of Newfield, Me. His paternal grandmother was JOHN H. PARKS. Lucretia Kirby, of Great Barrington, Mass. ; and his paternal grandfather, James Parks, of (_'linton, Mich., both of old Connecticut stock, originally of Middletown, Conn. The Drews were early Maine settlers, the present generation being prominent and highly connected in that section. Mr. Parks was educated at the Notre Dame University, South Bend, Ind., the Partridge Academy, Dux- bury, Mass., the McKendree College, Lebanon, 111., and at Allen's English and Classical School, \\'est Newton, Mass., where he finished. He began business life about 1866, witii Woodward, Brown, i\: Co., commission merchants, then at No. 28 South Market Street, Boston, where he re- mained initil 1869. In that year he married at Du.xbury the only child of Samuel Loring, and entered the employ of Mr. Loring, in the latter's business at Plymouth, where he remained until 1882. In 1882 he became treasurer of the Cen- tral Manufacturing Company of Boston, and oc- cupied that position until August, 1886. This corporation then being dissolved, he returned to Plymouth, and in September that year became partner of Mr. Loring, under the firm name of Loring & Parks. Mr. Loring died in May, 1S87 : and Mrs. Loring continued with Mr. Parks under the same firm title until 1891. In May, 1891, the business was sold out to the Atlas Tack Corpora- tion of Boston, of which Mr. Parks was the prin- cipal promoter and organizer, and became its treasurer. This position he still retains. The corporation is the oldest and several times the largest maker of tacks and small nails in the world. Its business was founded in 18 10, and consolidated in 189 1. It has large works in Taunton. Whitman, Fairhaven, and Plymouth re- spectively, its mills at Taunton and Whitman being unapproached anywhere in the world, of their kind, in size and capacity. The company also has extensive warehouses, where it carries large stocks of goods, at New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Chicago, Lynn, Boston, and San Fran- cisco ; and its trade reaches to all civilized na- tions. Mr. Parks is also a director of the Old Colony National Bank of Plymouth. In the com- munity in which he lives he has been prominent and influential in many ways. He is a trustee of the Partridge .\cademy, Du.xbury ; trustee of the Partridge Ministerial Fund, Du.xbury; was for two years president of the .Marshfield .Agricultural So- ciety of Marshfield ; and has been a justice of the peace for fourteen years. He has declined all public offices, though several times requested to accept prominent nominations. His politics are Republican. He is connected with the Ma- MEN OF PROGRESS. 597 sonic fraternity, a member of tiie lUue Lodj^e and Samoset Chapter of Pl)'nioutli ; and is a mendjer of the Merchants' Ali^onquin, and Exchange clubs of Boston and the Commercial Club of Plymouth. He was married May 27, iS6g, to Miss Nancy Sprague Loring, daughter of Samuel and Laura A. B. Loring, of Duxbury, grand-niece of the Hon. Seth Sprague and Judge Peleg Sprague. 'I'heir children are: Laura Loring (born May 27, 1870, married September 19, 1S94, to Thomas Russell, ex-representative to the General Court, son of William G. Russell, of the law firm of Russell & Putnam, Boston), Samuel Loring (born in 1S72), John Ward (born in 1879), and Bettina Loring Parks (born in 1S84). Mr. Parks resides in Dux- bury on the Loring homestead, which lias been in the Loring family since about 1707, and has from that time never been passed by deed, always by will. The old manor house on the homestead, still in an excellent state of preservation, was built in 1738. Mr. Parks's family occupy the commodious modern brick house on the old place, built by Samuel I^oring in 1879. lie found wise and kind teachers. He entered the Cambridge High School in 1863. and gradu- ated therefrom in 1866, delivering the salutatory in PERRIN, Rev. Willard T.wlor, of Boston, pastor of St. John's Methodist Episcopal Church, South Boston, is a native of Cambridge, born June 2, 1850, son of Noah and Philenia ^^'. (Stone) Perrin. He is of the eighth generation of American Perrins, whose ancestor, John Perryn, came to this country from London, England, in the ship "Safety" in August, 1635, and landed at Braintree, where he resided until with others he founded Rehoboth, where his body lies buried. Samuel Perrin, of the fourth generation, bought land of the Indians at Pomfret, Conn. ; and upon this estate Perrins of six generations occupied the same homestead. Noah Perrin, the father of Willard P., came to Boston in 1832, and entered the wholesale grocery business, and was later a provision dealer. He retired from business in 1859, and spent the latter part of his life in what is now Wellesley Hills. He died January 15, 1S94. On the jnaternal side Mr. Perrin belongs to the tenth generation of American Stones, whose ancestor, Gregory Stone, came over from England in the ship " Increase," and landed in Boston about 1634, settled in Cambridge, and owned lands north-west of the college grounds. Mr. Perrin attained his early education in the district schools of Grantville (now Wellesley Hills), where WILLARD T. PERRIN, Latin, and then entered Harvard, where he was graduated in 1870, in the same class with Lieuten- ant Governor Wolcott. He stood number twelve in scholarship in his class, which was eminent for its high rank. He was honored by his classmates with the position of third marshal on Class Day. He was also a member of the Harvard base ball nine for the two seasons of 1869 and 1870, in which it did not lose a game to any nine in the country which was strictly amateur. As a mem- ber of the nine, he visited the principal cities of the North and West. After graduation Mr. Perrin was sub-master in the Boston Latin School for one year. Then in 187 1 he began his theo- logical studies, entering the School of Theology of Boston University, and was graduated there in 1874 with the degree of S.T.B. During his course he was instructor in Greek for one year ; and he spent the summer of 1873 in the employ of the United States Fish Commission, visiting Cali- fornia in this service. Mr. Perrin was born of Methodist parents, and was received into the church when fifteen years of age. He was ad- mitted into the ministry of the Methodist Episco- 598 MEN OF PROGRESS. pal Church in the New England Conference in 1874, being settled in Allston in April that year. He was ordained deacon in 1876 by the honored Bishop Matthew Simpson, and elder by ]!ishop W. L. Harris in 1S78. His services at Allston covered two years. He was next assigned to Wilbraham, the site of Wesleyan Academy, where he spent three years, April, 1876, to April, 1879 ; then to the State Street Church, Springfield, serv- ing from April, 1879, to April, 1882 ; then to the Monument Square Church, Charlestown, Boston, 1882-85 ; to Trinity, Worcester, 1885-88 ; \\'orthen Street, Lowell, 1888-91 ; and to St. John's, South Boston, his present pastorate, in 1S92. His ability and strength ha\e been chiefly devoted to the pressing calls of large parishes, — connected with preaching, pastoral visiting, pay- ing church debts, remodelling church edifices. He has, however, occasionally appeared on the lecture platform, and has been called to various responsibilities in the general work of his denomi- nation and in reform movements. In 1885, upon the nomination of the alumni of the School of Theology, he was elected a trustee of Boston Uni- versity, as the first representative of the alumni upon the board, and has been twice re-elected for the term of five years. Mr. Perrin was married April 12, 1876, to Miss Lucy Ellen Denton, of Newton. In 1S91 Mrs. Perrin and himself spent nine months abroad, visiting England and Scot- land ; the continent of Europe, including Greece and Constantinople ; Egypt, going up the Nile to the first cataract ; the Holy Land, travelling through the country on horseback in winter ; Malta and Sicily. Mr. Perrin's only brother, Marshall Livingston Perrin, is a professor in Bos- ton LTniversity and superintendent of schools in the town of W'ellesley. RAMSAY, Rev. William Warwick, D.l)., of Boston, is a native of Ohio, born at A\'inchester, Adams County, September 11, 1S35, son of the Hon. Richard and Priscilla (Reese) Ramsay. His mother was the daughter of Jonathan Reese, a major in the War of 1812. His father occupied many positions of trust, and the great esteem in which he was held was evinced by his having been chosen a member of the Ohio Legislature when among his constituency the political party with which he was identified was in the minority. Dr. Ramsay's early education was acquired in the common schools of his native village, and his col- legiate training was in the Ohio Wesleyan LTniver- sity at Delaware, then under the presidency of that eminent educator, afterward a bishop of the Metliodist Episcopal Church, the Rev. Edward Thompson, LL.D. Here he enjoyed most con- genial and helpful educational advantages, which, however, because of ill-liealth, he was obliged to terminate before graduation. Subsequently, in 1 87 1, he received from the university the honor- ary degree of A.M.; and in 1880 the honorary degree of I). D. was conferred upon him by Alle- gheny College at Meadville, Pa. The earlier years of his active life were devoted to teaching, and during part of these years lie was engaged in superintending the Union Schools of Manchester and Aberdeen in Southern Ohio. But, being deeply impressed with the conviction that the Christian ministry was to be his real vocation in life, he joined the Cincinnati Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He began preaching in the year 1863 ; and, owing to the limited pastoral term in the church of his choice, he has served quite a nimiber of churches in the W. W. RAMSAY. thirty years of his ministerial experience. During that period he has been connected with the Cin- cinnati, Erie, Kentucky, Pittsburg, Detroit, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 599 New England conferences, and has been stationed at the most prominent churches in Cincinnati, Dayton, and Akron, Ohio ; Erie and Pittsburg, Penna. ; Covington, Ky. : Detroit and Ann Arbor, Mich.; and in Boston, Mass. He is now (1895) in the fifth year of a most prosperous pastorate at the Tremont Street Church, Pioston, one of the oldest and strongest Methodist churclies in that city, and the most prominent church in its de- nomination in New England. He has also made a successful venture in authorship, having pub- lished through Lee & Shepard a little book en- titled ".Sky Wonders," presenting the features of astronomy in popular and inviting fashion, which has received warm praise from the press. As a man, Dr. Ramsay is modest, unassuming, a devout Christian, and a faithful friend. As a preacher, he is forceful, logical, and oftentimes eloquent in a high degree. His pulpit preparation is alw-ays most thorough, and gives evidence to the hearer of a cultured mind and a warm, sympathetic heart. For many years he has ranked as one of the fore- most preachers of his denomination, and, largely because of his reputation in this direction, has been earnestly sought after by the most prominent churches of the country. In every instance thus far in his ministerial experience he has gone to the churches he has served at their urgent request, and in one instance, that of Central Church, Detroit, was returned for a second pastorate in the same manner. While he thus e.xcels as a preacher, he is also a model pastor. He is in the very prime of his physical and mental pow'ers, and will undoubtedly be able to give yet many years of service to the church he loves and w'hose growth he has advanced by his ministry. Dr. Ramsay was married April 6, 1857, to Miss Lida A. Gabriel, of Winchester, Ohio, a daughter of the Rev. James Gabriel, a Baptist minister, and a woman of high intelligence and devotion, who has proved a worthy helpmate to her husband in all the work of his ministry. They have had two bright and promising sons, one of whom died in 1872, aged ten years; and the other, W. B. Ramsay, in 1891, at the age of twenty-three, soon after his graduation from the law school of the University of Michigan, having previously grad- uated from the College of Liberal Arts of the same university. REED, Charles Andrew, of Taunton, member of the bar, mayor of the city 1895, was born in ^\■eymouth, June 16, 1836, son of Samuel and Caroline (Nash) Reed. He is of the eighth gen- eration in direct line from \\illiam Readc, of Wey- CHARLES A. REED. mouth, who is said to have sailed from Gravesend, Kent, England, in the " Assurance de Lo," Brom- well, master, in 1635, '-•po" h's arrival settled in ^\'eymouth, and made a freeman September 2, 1635, ^^'"^ l'"6 running as follows: (i) \\'illiam, born 1605, supposed to be son of William; (2) William of Weymouth', eldest son of \\'illiam of Weymouth ; (3) John of Abington, eldest son of William of Weymouth ; (4) John of Weymouth, eldest son of John of Abington ; (5) Samuel of Weymouth, eldest son of John of Weymouth ; (6) Samuel of Hull, eldest son of Samuel of Wey- mouth ; (7) Samuel, eldest son of Samuel of Hull ; (8) Charles A., eldest son of Samuel of Weymouth. He was educated in the public schools of Wey- mouth, fitting for college at Fore River High School, Weymouth Landing, and at Amherst Col- lege, from which he graduated in the class of 1856. After graduating he was principal of Hanover Academy, Hanover, until March, 1859. Then he studied law with Ellis Ames, of Canton, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar July 15, 1S61. Im- mediately after his admission he began practice, established in Taunton, where he has since re- 6o& MEN OF PROGkESS. mained. His first partnership was witir James Brown, of Taunton, formed in February, 1862, under the title of Brown & Reed. This was dis- solved in 1870: and in 1878 he formed a second partnership with James H. Dean, under the style of Reed & Dean, which continued till the first of June, 1893. Since that time he has been alone. His practice began in the Supreme Judicial Court, October term, 1862, the cases then argued being reported in 5 Allen ; and from that date to the present he has been engaged in many cases in various departments jf law, but quite largely of late in municipal law, reported in 5 Allen to 160 Massachusetts Law Reports. From 1880 to 1894, with the exception of a few years, he was city solicitor of Taunton, his terms covering the years 1880-81, 83-84, 90-94. His public service began as a member of the Taunton Common Council in 1879. In 188 1 and 1882 he was a representative in the General Court, serving on the committee on the judiciary both years, and on the com- mittee on revision of the statutes in 18S2 ; and in 1886 and 1887 a senator, serving during his terms on the committees on the judiciary, on pro- bate and insolvency, on cities, and on taxation. He was elected mayor of Taunton for the year 1895 on the Republican ticket. In general politics he is a Republican. Mr. Reed is much interested in historical matters, and has been secretary of the Old Colony Historical Society since 1880. He has also been a director and the auditor of the Bristol County Agricultural Society for many years. He is vestryman of St. Thomas Episcopal Church, Taunton, whicii position he has held since 1870. He was first married in 187 1 to Weltha V. Dean, daughter of Silas Dean, by whom he had two children: Silas Dean and Frances Augustina Reed. The first Mrs. Reed died June 30, 1884. He married second in 1889, Miss Myra L. Dean, also daughter of Silas Dean. RICE, Marshall Olin, of Boston, merchant, was born in Newton Centre, July 12, 1S42, son of Marshall S. and Mary (Livermore) Rice. He is of the early New England Rice family, founded by Edmund Rice, who emigrated to this country from Berkhampstead, England, in 1638, and set- tled in Sudbury, Mass. His education was at- tained entirely in the public schools of Newton, and his training for active life was in hard practi- cal work. He came to Boston in i860, and began his business career at eighteen years of age, as boy with Leland & Mason, then at No. 6 1 Milk Street, in the wholesale clothing trade. In 1862, this firm being dissolved, Mr. J. D. Leland and himself went with the firm of Philip W'adsworth & Co., at No. 95 Devonshire Street ; and three years later (1866) he was admitted a partner in the firm, which did a large business in Boston and Chicago. In 1869 this firm dissolved, Mr. ^\"adsworth tak- ing the Chicago part of the business and Mr. Leland and himself the Boston part, forming a partnership under the firm name of Leland, Rice, & Co. The business thus organized steadilv in- MARSHALL 0. RICE. creased, and in 187 1 the firm took a larger store at No. 105 Devonshire Street. Here they were burned out in the great fire of 1872, making nearl\- a total loss. Starting again, they con- tinued successfully till December 31, 18S9, when the partnership was terminated by the death of Mr. Leland. Thereafter Mr. Rice continued the business for one year with William S. Sayward under the old name of Leland, Rice, & Co., liqui- dating all the affairs of the firm, and on Jan- uary I, 1 89 1, with Mr. Sayward, Mr. Whitten, and George M. Rice, his son, formed the present firm of Rice, Sayward, & Whitten. Mr. Rice is vice-president of the Clothing Manufacturers' As- MEN OF PROGRESS. 60 1 sociatioii of Boston, and \'ice-presklent of the Plymouth Clothing House of Minneapolis, Minn. In ]-)olitics he is and always has been a Repub- lican. He has nev'er held or desired any political office, and his public life has been always among his associates and competitors in business. He belongs to the Newton Club, and has served one term on its executive committee. Mr. Rice was married June i, 1864, to Miss Mary E. Rand, daughter of George C. Rand, of Rand, Avery, & Co., Boston. The only child of this marriage was George M. Rice, now his partner in busi- ness. Mrs. Rice died January 3, 1866; and on September 15, 1867, he married Miss Mary Paul, daughter of Deacon Luther Paul, of Newton. The children by this union were: Helen R. and \\'ill- iam H. Rice. Helen R. is a graduate of Smith College, and Williain H. is employed in Mr. Rice's business. ST. DENNIS, Joseph Nelson, M.D., of Med- ford, was born in St. Philippe, P.Q., October 16, 1865. He is the second of ten sons of Napoleon and Rose Delima (Peladeau) St. Dennis. His father is the eldest of three sons of Paul and Lucie (Senecal) St. Dennis. Paul St. Dennis descended from early French settlers in Canada ; and Lucie St. Dennis's parents were natives of France. His mother is the fourth daughter of Edward and Mary (Bunker) Peladeau, the father of Edward Peladeau a native of France and his mother of English descent, his wife's father, John Bunker, a native of Boston, Mass., having settled in Chambly, P.O., at the age of twenty. Her mother was of Irish and Scotch descent. Dr. St. Dennis was educated in Massachusetts, in the public schools of Somerville and Medford, finishing with a complete business course at Comer's Commercial College in Boston. He en- tered a wholesale business house on State Street, Boston, at the age of nineteen, and remained there for about three years, displaying much ability in the positions in which he was placed. But, preferring professional to commercial life, he finally withdrew, and went to Montreal to secure the proper training. Being admitted to McCJill's Medical College, he began with two courses there ; and, as it required at least four years' study to obtain a degree at Montreal, and desiring to economize time, immediately at the close of each of these he entered the Burleigh Medical College, thus taking two courses each year. Then, as Bur- leigh did not graduate students till July, 1892, he entered Baltimore University School of Medicine, and graduated there with high honors in March that year, having taken five courses in less than three years' time. LTpon his graduation Dr. St. Dennis established himself at his home in Med- ford, and early earned a reputation as a skilful physician, after only a few months' practice be- coming recognized as one of the busiest and most successful practitioners in his town. He is active, conscientious, of excellent judgment, broad and liberal in his view-s. In politics he is Independent. He is a member of many societies, NELSON ST. DENNIS. fraternal and social, for several of which he is medical examiner. He is also examiner for a number of insurance companies. He is a contrib- utory member of the '• Lawrence Light Guard," Company E, Fifth Regiment Infantr)-, Massachu- setts Militia, in which he served three years, re- signing, after having been appointed first sergeant, by reason of his firm sending him out as a com- mercial traveller. While a soldier, he was awarded badges as a qualified third, second, and first class inarksman ; and he holds several medals and prizes won at target shooting, competitive drills, and for efficiency as a soldier. On two occasions he declined election to a lieutenancy. He is also 6o2 MEN OF PROGRESS. a contributory member of St. Lawrence Post, No. 66, Grand Army of the Republic. He was ad- mitted a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society in October, 1894. He is unmarried. engineer on the construction of Basin N^o. 4 of the Boston Water-works. He resigned the latter position in 1883, to accept an appointment as as- sistant engineer in charge of hydrographic work on surveys for a new supply of water for the city of Philadelphia. Upon the completion of this work, in 1S86, he returned to Boston, and was appointed assistant ' engineer in charge of con- struction of Basin No. 5 of the Boston Water Works. In 1887 he was made executive engineer of the Boston Main Drainage Works, and in this position continued until the formation of the new street department by consolidation in 1S91, when he was appointed to his present position of deputy superintendent of the sewer division. Mr. San- born is a member of the Engineers' Club of Phila- delphia, of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Protective Association, and of the Megantic Fish and Game Club. He was married in 1887 to Miss Ella A. Sanborn, of Chicago, 111. They have three children : Herbert Warren, Lillian Esther Washington, and Grace Marion Sanborn. H. W. SANBORN. SANBORN, Henrv Warren, of Boston, dep- uty superintendent of sewer division of the street department of the city, was born in Brighton, March 16, 1853, son of Noah Warren and Eliza- beth (Earwell) Sanborn. He was educated in the public schools of Brighton, graduating from the High School in 1870. While at the latter, he made a specialty of the higher mathematics, and after graduation took a short course at Bryant & Strat- ton's Commercial College, Boston. He began professional work in 187 1, when he entered the office of Fuller & Whitney, civil engineers, Boston. His principal work for the next two years was on the filling and laying out of the Back Bay District, and in the city proper after the great fire of 1872. In 1873 he entered the employ of the city in the office of the city engineer. In 1874-75 he was of the firm of Smilie & Sanborn, civil engineers, in Newton. In 1876 he became one of the engineer- ing force engaged on the construction of the Bos- ton Main Drainage Works, and continued on this work till 1881, when he was appointed assistant WILLIAM SCHOFIELD. SCHOFIPXD, William, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Dudley, Worcester County, February 14, 1857, son of John and Mar- garet (Thompson) Schofield. His early education MEN OF PROGRESS. 603 w;is acquired in the common schools ; and he was lilted for college at the Nichols Academy, Dud- ley. He entered Harvard, and graduated in the class of 1879, afterwards spent a year on special studies, principally the Roman Law ; and then, entering the Harvard Law School, was graduated there in June, 1883. For the two years following he was secretary of Mr. Justice Gray at Wasliing- ton, meanwhile being admitted to the Suffolk bar in the spring of 1884. He began to practise law in the autumn of 1885 in Boston, and has been established there ever since. He was for three years, 1886-89, instructor in Torts at the Harvard Law School ; and, after the death of Professor Ernest Voung, was instructor in Roman Law for two years, 1890-92, in Harvard College. Since the latter date his whole attention has been given to his law business. Mr. Schofield has written a number of articles on legal subjects, which have appeared in the Harvard Law Review. He was married December i, 1892, to Miss Kdnah AL Green, of Rutland, Vt. SIDNEY, Austin Wiliujk, M.D., of Fitch- burg, was born in Westminster, February 27, 1824, son of Leonard and Lucinda (Sawin) Hoar, liy an act of the Massachusetts State Legislature in 1846 his name was changed from Hoar to Sidney. He traces his lineage on the paternal side back to John Hoar, who was connected with the early history of New England, and down to the late Judge Hoar, of Concord, and Senator Hoar, of Worcester. His grandfather was of Con- cord, and moved from that town, when a young man, to Westminster, where he afterward lived, married, and reared a family of nine or ten chil- dren. Dr. Sidney's parents were both natives of Westminster. They had ten children, seven still living, of whom he was the oldest. He received his early education in the common schools of his native town, and finished at the Westminster Academy. He took up the study of medicine first with Dr. John Andrews, late of Taunton, and subsequently attended the Eclectic Medical Col- lege of Pennsylvania, graduating there in i860. Later in life he studied at the Dartmouth Medical College, and graduated there in 1880. He began the practice of medicine in 1861, settled in the town of Sterling, where he remained until 1866, when he removed to Fitchburg, which has since been his field of successful labor. He became a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society in i8Sr, of the Fitchburg Society for Medical Im- provement the same year, and of the American Medical Association in 1883, and he was a mem- ber of the Ninth Medical International C"ongress in 18S7. In 189 1 he was president of the Fitch- burg Society for Medical Improvement ; and was one of the censors of the Worcester North Medi- cal Society during the year 1892. In E'itchburg he is much interested in local affairs, being a member of the I'itchburg ISoard of Trade and serving on the School Connnittee. He was a charter member of the corporation of the Fitch- A. W. SIDNEY. burg Home for Old Ladies, incorporated in 1883, and held the office of president and physician of the corporation for several years, resigning in 1892. He became a member of the Baptist Church in 1844, and was early identified with local church matters. He was for many years one of the prudential committee of the First Baptist Church of Fitchburg; and in 1891, when the Highland Baptist Church of Fitchburg was organ- ized, he united with that society, and was duly elected one of its deacons and chairman of its prudential committee. He has been prominently connected with the building and repairing of the four Baptist church buildings in his city. Dr. 6o4 MEN OF PROGRESS. Sidney is connected witii the Masonic fraternity and witli the order of Odd Fellows. In politics he is a stanch Republican, in favor of prohibi- tion. He was first married April 15, 1845, to Miss Esther Whitaker, of \\'est Boylston. He married second, January 6, 1875, Miss Mandana M. Walker, of Clinton. He has one child (adopted), Laura M., now wife of the Rev. \\'. L. Stone, pas- tor of the liaptist church of South Penobscot, Me. A. J. STEVENS. STEVENS, Andrew Jackson, M.D., of Mai- den, is a native of New Hampshire, born in War- ren, .April 24, 1846, son of Robert Burns and Charity (Sly) Stevens. His ancestors on both sides were among the first settlers of New Eng- land. On the paternal side, beginning with Han- nah Dustin, of Haverhill, Mass., they have sus- tained every important general movement for liberty and the uplifting of the race ; were at the battle of Bunker Hill and through the Revo- lution. On the maternal side the earliest record is of George .Abbott, from the vicinity of York- shire, England, who was one of the first settlers in Andover. The descendants number many who have been eminent as scholars and members of the professions. Dr. Stevens was educated in the grammar and high schools of Haverhill, Mass., and by private tutor ; and wa.s fitted for his profession at the Harvard Medical School, from which he received his diploma March 10, i86g. More than twenty years of his professional life have been spent in Holliston and in Maiden. Thirteen years of active country practice gave him a wide e.xperience and training, which contributed much toward developing the elements of profes- sional success. Taking up the profession both as a duty and a privilege, the claims of the unfort- unate have always been heeded by him ; and the question of poverty or riches has never affected the careful attention given to cases coming under his treatment. In the spring of 1889, being called to care for and superintend the transporting to the Boston hospitals, under great difficulties, of several workmen who had been severely injured in Maiden, he determined not to cease working for a Maiden hospital until one was built. .As a result of this resolve, the leading citizens of the city were interested. The Maiden Hospital was erected, and its doors opened to the public in a little more than three years. Dr. Stevens is now consulting physician and surgeon to this hospital, and a member of the medical board. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Maiden Medical Improvement So- ciety, and of the Harvard Medical School Associ- ation. He has never sought office ; but in the earlier years of his practice, when in Holliston, he served several terms on the Board of Health and on the School Committee of that town. He has also filled a number of official positions in medical societies to which he belongs, but of late years has declined all such places. Although born with a love of music, art, and nature, and a student of a wide range of literature and history, the especial bent and effort of his life has been in his profession ; and the success which he has at- tained is attributed to the entire thoroughness of the work done, and an unfailing energy and hope which have often turned an impending defeat into victory. Upon political questions and principles Dr. Stevens has decided opinions, and always votes ; but he does not participate further in politics. He was married November i, 187 1, to Mrs. Jennie (Stone) Powers. They have one son : Edward Stone Stevens. STEVENS, Oliver Crocker, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Boston, born MEN OF PROGRESS. 605 |une 3, US55, son of CaUin Stevens, M.I)., and Sophia Toppan (Crocker) Stevens. His ancestry is in all its branches Pilgrim anil Puritan, and Supreme Judicial Court of the Coninuniwealth July 8, 1879, to practice in the United States Cir- cuit Court July 26, 1880, and to the United States Supreme Court March 4, 18S4. He was elected a member of the J'.oard of Overseers of Bowdoin College in 1891. He is a member of the Univer- sity Club, Boston, and in college was a member of the Psi Upsilon Fraternity and the I'hi Beta Kappa. In politics he is Republican. Mr. Stevens was married June 10, 1885, at St. Albans, Vt., to Miss Julia Burnett Sniitii, daughter of the Hon. J. Gregory Smith and .\nn Kliza n'rainerdl Smith. STURTEVANT, Charles, M.D., of Hyde Park, was born in Wrentham, Norfolk County, July 28, 1839, son of Captain William and Emily Frances ( Fisk) Sturtevant. He is a direct descend- ant of Samuel Sturtevant, born in 1622 in Roches- ter, Kent, England, came to Plymouth Colony about the year 1640, was drafted and bore arms in 1643, the line running as follows: Samuel Stur- tevant, Jr., born April 19, 1654, at Plymouth; Josiah Sturtevant, seventh child of Samuel Stur- OLIVER C. STEVENS. notably from the following : Richard Stevens of Ipswich and Marlborough, Abraham Toppan of Newbury, James Hosmer and George Hayward of Concord, Kenelm Winslow of Plymouth, Henry Sewall of Newbury, Roger Conant of Salem, Ed- ward Bangs of Eastham, John Stow of Roxbury, John Poore of Newbury, Edward Wigglesworth of Charlestown and New Haven, William Hartwell of Concord, and William Crocker of Scituate. His preparatory education was attained in the Bos- ton public schools, finishing at the Public Latin School ; and his collegiate training was at Bow- doin College, where he graduated A.B. in the class of 1876, his commencement part being a " philo- sophical disquisition " on " Electoral Rights," and received in 1884 the degree of A.M. He studied law at the Boston University Law School, graduating in 1879, and delivering on commence- ment day one of the two commencement parts, the other being by William E. Russell, afterward Governor Russell, taking for his subject " Legal Ethics." He also read law in the office of the Hon. Albert E. Pillsbury, ex-attorney-general of the State. He was admitted to the bar in the CHAS. STURTEVANT. tevant, Jr., born in 1690, married Hannah, sister of Captain Church who captured King Philip; Charles Sturtevant, born 172T ; Charles Stur- ^ 6o6 MEN OF PROGRESS. tevant, Jr., born 1755, responded to the " Le.xin>;- ton alarm call," April 19, 1775 (as corporal in the Second Company of Rochester Militia), died 1816; and William Sturtevant, son of Charles, Jr., born September 1802, died 1881. Dr. Sturtevant is also descended on the Sturtevant side from Richard Bourne, born in England iGog, came to Sandwich, Mass., in 1637, ^'^^ instructor to the Mashpee Indians in 1658, was ordained by Eliot and Cotton in 1670, and died 1682; also from Samuel Arnold, born in England 1623, bore arms in Sandwich, Mass., in 1643, was representative in 1654-55-56, ordained minister at Marshfield, 1693; and from Samuel Arnold, Jr., born in Sandwich in 1653, ordained as minister in 1684, began preaching in Rochester in 1687, and was settled over the First Congregational Church in Rochester in 1703, and died in 1709. On his mother's side Dr. Sturtevant is descended from the Sheppards of liristol, England, and the Fisks, who are of Welsh descent. He was educated in the primary school, at Day's Academy, Wren- tham, and at a private school in Newton Centre. His professional training was at the Harvard Medical School, where he graduated March 12, 1862. Entering the United States Navy imme- diately after graduation, he served therein until the close of the Civil War. He began the practice of medicine in the village of Marion, where he re- mained until 187 I, when he removed his residence and practice to Hyde Park. In 1S75 he was ap- pointed coroner, and held this office until the sys- tem was abolished. Then he was made medical ex- aminer for the Second Norfolk District, embracing the towns of Milton and Hyde Park, whicli position he still holds, having been twice reappointed, the date of his latest commission being June 30, 1891. He is a member of the American Institute of Homceopathy, of the Massachusetts Honneopathic Medical Society, and of the Pioston Homoeopathic Medical Society. He is a member and surgeon of Timothy Ingraham Post, No. 121, of the Grand Army of the Republic, and member also of the Hyde Park Lodge of Freemasons, of the Norfolk Royal Arch Chapter, of the Hyde Park Council, Royal and Select Masters, of the Cyprus Com- mandery. Knights Templar, and of the Kearsarge Association of Naval Veterans. Dr. Sturtevant was married June 15, 187 1, to Miss liethiah Hadley Delano, of Marion, daughter of Captain Obed and Verona (Hadley) Delano. They have two daughters : Emily Frances Sturtevant (born October 17, 1872) and Verona Hadley Sturtevant (born November 9, 1878). J. LANGDON SULLIVAN. SULLIVAN, John Langddn, M.D., of Mai- den, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Keene, March 8, 1827, son of Thomas Russell and Charlotte Caldwell (Blake) Sullivan. He is of distinguished Massachusetts ancestry, on the pa- ternal side tiiird in descent from James Sullivan, governor of the State in 1807, and on the mater- nal side grandson of Francis Blake, an eminent PJay State jurist. His education was acquired in the Boston Latin School and at the Cambridge Scientific School, and his training for his profes- sion was at the Harvard Medical School, where he graduated in July, 1847, supplemented, after some years practice, by European study. He has practised medicine in Maiden and vicinity for nearly forty-six years as a general practitioner. 1 )uring the Civil \\'ar he served as surgeon of the Board of Enrolment, Sixth Congressional Dis- trict ; and after the close of the war he became I'uited States examining surgeon for pensions, and later, by appointment of Governor Rice, medi- cal examiner for Middlesex Count)-, w'hich office he held for eight years. Dr. Sullivan is a Fellow of the Massachusetts Medical Society, an honor- MEN OF PROGRESS. 607 ary nieiiiher of the Canadian Medical Association, a member of the American Medical Association, a member of the ^[assachusetts Medico-legal So- ciety, and honorary member of the (gynaecological Society of Boston. He was married lirst, April 2, 1850, to Miss Mary Elizabeth Lynde (eldest child of J. S. Lynde, of New York), who died in 1856, and two years later to his present wife, Helen, second daughter of the aforesaid Lynde. He had two children by his first wife, one of whom, Mrs. Alexander Cochrane (No. 257 Com- monwealth Avenue, IJoston ), is .still living: the other died in early boyhood. I!y his second wife he has had four children, three of whom are living. S\\'.\N, \\'iLLr.A.M DoNNi.soN, M.I)., of Cam- bridge, was born in Kennebunk, Me., January i, 1859, son of Rev. Joshua A. Sw'an, Unitarian minister at Kennebunk for eighteen years, and Sarah, his wife, daughter of the Rev. Richard M. Hodges, Unitarian minister at Bridgewater, ALass. His mother's maternal grandfather, William Donnison, was an officer in the Revolution, and WILLIAM D. SWAN. afterwards adjutant-general to Governor Han- cock and judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He was fitted for college at the Cambridge High School, entered Harvard, and graduated \n the class of 1881. His professional training followed at the Harvard Medical School, from which he graduated M.l). in 1885. After two years of study in the hospitals of Boston and one year in Vienna and Frankfort-on-the-Main, he began practice in Cambridge in 1888. Three years later he was appointed medical examiner for the l''irst District of Middlesex County (Cambridge, Belmont, and .Arlington) by Governor lirackett. He is now also visiting physician to the Cam- bridge Hospital and to the .Vvon Home of Cam- bridge. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and of the Massachusetts Medico-Legal Society. His club connections are with the Union and University clubs of Boston and the Colonial Club of Cambridge. Dr. Swan was married April 30, 1890, to Miss Mary W'inthrop Hubbard, daughter of Samuel Hubbard, of Oakland, Cal. They have two children : Marian Hubbard (born February 22, 1891) and William Donnison Swan, Jr. (born October g, •894). TAYLOR, Rev. EnwAun Matihkw, of Bos- ton, pastor of the Winthrop Street Methodist Church, was born in Washington, Penna., Febru- ary 25, 1852, son of William H. and Jane Eliza- beth (Jones) Taylor. His ancestors on his father's side came from Flngland early in the his- tory of the country, and his great-grandfather was the first judge of Washington County, Pennsylva- nia. On the maternal side he is also of English descent, the family appearing in this country early in the present century. His maternal great-grand- father was an officer in the British army, and was in several engagements against Napoleon. He was educated in Pennsylvania public schools, and at the Washington and Jefferson College, graduating therefrom in July, 1873. Subsequently he took the course of the Boston University School of Theology, and graduated in 1877 with the degree of S.T.B. He entered the ministry of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church immediately upon gradua- tion from the theological school, and was first assigned to South Braintree. He was there settled three years ; then at Norwich, Conn., over the East Main Street Church, three years; next at St. Paul's, Fall River, Mass., three years ; then at Stafford Springs, Conn., three years ; at Flint Street, East Somerville, Mass., one year ; at Trinity, Charlestown District, Boston, the length- 6o8 MEN OF PROGRESS. ened term of five years ; and next at the Winthrop Street, Boston, his present settlement. He was appointed presiding elder of the Lynn District in 1892, and president of the first General Confer- ence District of the Epworth League in 1894. Zion's Herald, the Methodist newspaper of New England, in speaking of Mr. Taylor's appointment to the latter position, says : " Mr. Taylor is one of the most popular and promising men in our patronizing conferences, a man of unusual pul- pit power and particularly eloquent and impres- sive upon the platform, in hearty sympathy with the movements of the time, and peculiarly quali- E. M. TAYLOR. fied to fill with marked credit and success the position to which he has been elected." In poli- tics he is a Republican, and cast liis first vote for General Grant for President. 1 )r. Taylor was married June 13, 1882, to Miss Mary E. Bradford, of South Braintree. They have two children : Frank Bradford (aged eleven years) and Mar- guerite L. Taylor (aged nine years.) TUTTLE, Albert Henry, M.D., S.B., of Bos- ton, was born in South Boston, August 14, 1861, son of Joel White and Adelia Melissa (Palmer) Tuttle. He is on both sides of English ancestry. and descended from early settlers of New Eng- land. On the paternal side he is of the ninth generation from William and Elizabeth Tuttle, the line running as follows : Joel White Tuttle, his father, eighth generation, born in Dummers- ton, Vt., 1830; Joel, seventh, born in Winchester, N.H., died in Boston; Joseph, si.xth, born in Hebron, Conn., August 17, 1762, died in Dum- merston, Vt., a veteran of the War of 1S12, who married Annie White, a lineal descendant of Peregrine White, the first white child born in New England ; Joseph, fifth, born in Connecticut, died in Winchester, N.H., December, 1820 ; Nathan, fourth, born in New Haven, January 20, 1694; John, third, born September 15, 1657; John, sec- ond, born in England, 1631. His mother, Adelia Melissa, third, is a daughter of Lemuel, second, and grand-daughter of Lemuel Palmer. His early education was acquired in a grammar school in Boston, at the English High School, where he spent a year, and through private tutoring for a year. Then he was for a year at the Bussey In- stitute, and two years at the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University, graduating with the degree of S.B. in 1S83. A portion of the summer of 1883 was spent in the Marine Labora- tory of Professor Alexander Agassiz at Newport, in the study of marine fauna, especially some of the pelagic forms of life. The following season he entered the Harvard Medical School ; and, after graduating with the regular degree in 1886, he went abroad, spending the winter following, 1886-87, '^t ''i*^ University of \'ienna in advanced medical study. Upon his return from Europe Dr. Tuttle settled in Cambridge in the spring of 1887, and engaged in general practice. At the same time he took up painting in oils as an avoca- tion, and developed further an ability in illustra- tion that had already been manifest while in college, and which was destined to aid him mate- rially in after life. During the academic seasons of 1889-90 and 1S90-91 he was instructor of en- tomology at the Bussey Institute. By this time he had shown a strong tendency toward surgerj', and had begun the development of his surgical career. The universal success that followed his work gave him great confidence in his own ability ; and he did not hesitate to undertake any surgical problem that was presented, first carefully weigh- ing the chances for successful operation. In the early part of 1894 he was enabled to throw off general practice, and follow exclusively the spe- MEN OF PROGRESS. 609 cialty of surgery. Realizing llic necessity, in tile development of a s|)ecial business, of having liis ofifice in a railroad centre, he removed to Roston in the spring of 1892. In the autumn of 1893 he accepted a position in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Boston, as didactic lecturer on theory and practice of surgery ; but after some twelve or fourteen lectures he resigned, feeling dissatisfied with the management of the institu- tion. He then became an incorporator and sur- geon of the St. Omer Hospital, ISoston, which, by his invariably good operative results, he rapidly ALBERT H. TUTTLE. developed into one of the most prominent institu- tions of its kind. Dr. Tuttle has been a frequent contributor to medical and surgical publications and to scientific associations, among his many papers being the following : " The Relation of the External Meatus, Tympanum, and Eustachian Tube to the First Visceral Cleft " (Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston, 1883); "Life History of Lunatia Heros" (unpublished) (first Walker Prize, 1884) ; " A Case of ])ermatitis lodoformi " {Boston Medical and Siii-gical Journal, October, 1891); "A New Use of an Old Remedy" (same, April, 1892) ; " Animal Ligatures and Sutures, their Variety, Preparation, and Uses " (Journal of the American Alcdical As- socia/iiiii, ]u\y, 1892); "A Rapidly Fatal Case of .Vlipeiidicitis " {Boston Medical and Surgical Jour- nal November, 1892); '-The Surgical Anatomy and Surgery of the Ear," one hundred and nine Images, twenty-seven original illustrations, drawn by the author from nature (George S. Davis, pub- lisher, Detroit, Mich.) ; " Some Observations bear- ing on the Treatment of Nasal and Middle Ear .MTections " {Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, .\pril, 1893); "A Study of the Radical Cure of Hernia by Marcy's Method" (Journal of the American Medical Association, August, 1 893) ; '■Chronic Disease of the Middle Ear, its Prognosis and Surgical Treatment" (Transactions, First Pan- American Congress, held at Washington, D.C., September, 1893); "An Unusual Accident" {In- ternational Journal of Surgery. January, 1894); " Total Extirpation of the Uterus by a New- Method " {Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, October, 1S94), eight illustrations; "A Case of Concealed Uterine Hemorrhage " {Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, January 10, 1894). Besides the above are the reports of the Gynecological Society of Boston and the Cambridge Society of Medical Improvement, of which he was secretary (of the former, 1893-94; of the latter, 1892 to October, 1894), including over thirty papers, with discussions, in a period of two years, many of which have been quoted. His studies and plates on the anatomy of the ear are extensively referred to, and his work on the removal of the uterus is especially noteworthy. He is a member also of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Medicine, the Boston Medical Library Association, the Harvard Medical Alumni Association, the Lawrence Scientific School Association, and of other social and literary societies. He was married June 5, 1889, to Miss Margaret Priscilla Davis, daughter of Edw-ard A. and grand-daughter of Thomas Davis. They have one daughter : Elsa Davis Tuttle. TUTTLE, Luciu-S, of Boston, president of the Boston & Maine Railroad, was born in Hartford, Conn., March 11, 1846, son of George and Mary (Jaylord (Loomis) Tuttle. He is a descendant of William Tuttle, who came to Boston in the ship " Planter" in 1635, and who in 1636 removed to Charlestown, and again, about 1639, as one of the earliest settlers, to New Haven, Conn. His homestead of ten acres in the latter place was a 6io MEN OF PROGRESS. part of the ground now occupied by Osborn Hall and other Vale College buildings. On the mater- nal side iNIr. Tuttle's ancestors were among the of the Canadian Pacific Railway, with office at Montreal. On the ist of May, i88g, he was made commissioner of the Trunk Lines Associa- tion, passenger department, New York City. One year later, May i, 1890, he became general man- ager of the New York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, with office at New Haven. In February. 1892, he was elected director and vice-president of that company. In 1893 he resigned these positions to accept the presidency of the Boston & Maine Railroad, which office he assumed on October 11, that year, and has since held. Mr. Tuttle is a member of the Commercial Club, of the Algonquin Club, and of the Beacon Societ}', all of Boston ; and he is connected with the Ma- sonic order, member of Soley Lodge of Somer- ville. In politics he is Republican. He married in Springfield, July 11, 1867, Miss Etta F. Mar- tin, who died at Hartford in 1873. He was again married to Miss Estelle H. Martin at Norwich, Conn., October 14, 1875. ^^ '''^^ three children : Jennie I)., Etta M, and Effie E. Tuttle. LUCIUS TUTTLE. settlers of Windsor, Conn., in 1635. ^^ ^^'"^s edu- cated in the common schools and at the Public High School of Hartford. After leaving school, he was for one year, 1865-66, clerk of the Pro- bate Court for the District of Hartford. Then, in July, t866, he entered the service of the Hartford, Providence, & Fishkill Railroad as clerk in the ticket department at the general office of the company at Hartford. Soon after he was pro- moted to the office of general ticket agent, and continued in that position until 187S, when the road was consolidated with the New York &: New England Railroad ; and he was made assistant general passenger agent of that company at Bos- ton. On the I St of February, 1879, he was ap- pointed general passenger agent of the Eastern Railroad, with oflice in Boston, and so remained until December, 1884, and the lease of the road to the Boston & Maine Railroad. He was then ap- pointed assistant to the general manager of the latter company, but resigned January, 1885, to accept (February i) the general passenger agency of the Boston & Lowell Railroad. In January, 1887, he was appointed passenger traffic manager CHARLE.S H. VEO. VEO, Ch.\rles Henry, D.M.D., of Boston, is a native of Lowell, born August 27, 1861, son of Peter and Almira (Tetreau) Veo. He is of French descent, the family name in France being MEN OF PROGRESS. 6ll Viaux. Ho was educated in tlic pulilic schools of Lowell, and prepared for his profession at the Harvard Dental School, where he graduated with the degree of doctor of dental medicine in 1S87. After leaving the High School at Lowell in 1879, he went West, and was some time book-keeper for the contractor building the Leadville, Col., di\ision of the Denver, South Park, & Pacific Railroad. Then, returning to Lowell in 1880, he was there en- gaged as book-keeper for the firm of T. R. Garity & Co., plumbers, steam and gas fitters, until 1883, when he began the study of dentistry. Upon graduation from the Dental School in 1887 he went to England, and studied the latest methods in crown and bridge work. He remained abroad about four years, practising in London while pur- suing his studies; and upon his return in 1S91 he established himself in Pioston, opening his dental office in the Hotel Pelham. Dr. Veo was mar- ried in 1887 to Miss Margaret M. View, of ^^'ood- stock, Vt. WADSWORTH, Peleg, M.D., of Maiden, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Hiram, October 10, 1S34, son of Peleg and Lusanna (Wadsworth) W'adsworth. He is a grandson of General Peleg Wadsworth of Revolutionary dis- tinction, who was also a member of Congress in Philadelphia ; a lineal descendant, fourth gen- eration, of Christopher \\'adsworth, who came from England to Duxbury, Mass., in the year 1632. His great-grandfather was also named Peleg Wadsworth. He was fitted for college at Gilmanton, N.H., and at Phillips (Andover) Acad- emy, spending two years at each place ; entered Dartmouth, and graduated in 1859. For a year after graduation he was teacher of the Mclndoe's Falls (Vt.) Academy. Then he studied med- icine at the Dartmouth Medical School and at the National Medical College in \\'ashington, D.C., graduating from the latter in 1863. Service in the army followed, in 1863 as acting assistant surgeon (contract) at Frederick City, Md., and at Annapolis, and in 1863-65, one and a half years, as resident surgeon at the Quartermaster's Hos- pital, Washington, D.C. ; and in 1865 service in the navy, also acting assistant surgeon. After the war Dr. Wadsworth entered general practice at Portland, -Me., and after a year in that city re- moved to Maiden, where he has been established since. For twelve years, from 1876 to 1888, he was town and city physician. He has been a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society since 1872, and a member of the Maiden Medical Improvement Society since its organization. In politics he is a Republican. He has served the city as a member of the School Committee for two years. He was married September 3, 1 861, to Miss Hannah Halch Corey, by which union was one child : Anne Cora Wadsworth, who died at an early age. In October, 1865, he married Miss R. E. H. Willard, and the children of this union were Winnifred and lames Stevenson Wadsworth. p. WADSWORTH. He married next in December, 1877, Miss Ellen Silvester, and by this union is one child : Louise Elizabeth Wadsworth. WARREN, Albert Cyrus, of Boston, manu- facturer, was born in St. Louis, Mo., March 18, 1852, son of Herbert M. and Eliza C. (Copp) Warren. On the paternal side he is from an old English family, one of whom was among the ear- liest settlers in Pilgrim days ; and on the maternal side is also English, James Copp, the father of Eliza C. Copp, coming to this country about the year 1845. He was educated in the New Church School at Waltham, Mass., at the Union Hall Academy, Jamaica, L.I., and at the Newton, Mass., 6l2 MEN OF PROGRESS. High School, tinishin_i; with two years at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Leaving the institute in 1871 to go into business, from July that year until iSSo he was employed in the manufacture of soap, the business being owned by his father. Of this time two years were spent at the works in learning the details of soap-mak- ing, three years as salesman, and the remainder, from 1876 to 1880, in charge of the business, his father then giving his attention to asphalt paving. During the latter period the business was changed from the manufacture of laundry soaps to that of special soaps for use in silk, woollen, and cotton ALBERT C. WARREiM. mills, and by calico printers, dye-houses, and the like. After the death of his father in June, 1S80, Mr. Warren formed a partnership with one of the salesmen and the superintendent of the works, under the style of Albert C. Warren & Co. ; and this was retained for about a year, when the change was made to the Warren Soap Manufact- uring Company, which has since continued. In 1890 the business was incorporated, with Mr. Warren as treasurer, the position he still holds. Being unknown to the trade which it wished to reach, — the manufacturers of te.xtile fabrics, — when the change in the business was made in 1876, tile firm found it up-hill work at first to establish its trade with tile mills ; and the kinds of soaps required for use on different kinds of fabrics and with different qualities of water had all to be learned. liut by careful attention to the details of the business, and the application of the principles of chemistry to obtain the necessary elements for different uses, the works steadily developed, and the company became one of the best known in its specialty of any in the country, a result largely attributable to Mr. Warren's efforts. Mr. Warren has never held civil or political office, but has served in the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia for twenty years. He first enlisted in Company L, First Regiment, October 10, 1870, and served four years as a private. Then in the latter part of 1879 '^'^ became a member of Company C, Fifth Regiment, in which he served four years as private, corporal, and sergeant. In June, 1883, he was appointed quartermaster ser- geant of the Fifth Regiment, and held that position for seven years, when he was appointed paymaster of the regiment, which position he has since held. He is a member of the Royal .\rcanum (Natick Council, No. 126), of the Home Circle (Loyal Council, No. 104), and of the Newton Club. In politics he is a Republican. He was married No- vember 2, 1876, to Miss Flora E. Joy, of Welles- ley. They have one child, a daughter. Mr. War- ren resides in West Newton in a house built and for some years occupied by Horace Mann, where also Hawthorne lived for a year and where he wrote the " Blithedale Romance." Mr. Warren's father bought the place in 1862 ; and his family occupied it until a year or tw'o after his death, when it was sold. Mr. Warren bought it back in 1891. WELLMAN, Arthur Hoi.brckik, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in East Randolph (now Holbrook), October 30, 1855, son of the Rev. Joshua \\'yman \\'elhnan, D.I)., and Ellen Maria ('Holbrook) \\'elhnan. On his father's side he is a descendant in the eighth generation of William Bradford, governor of Plymouth Colony, and is also descended from William Brewster, of Plym- outh, and from Abraham Wellman, who perished at the siege of Louisburg, under General Pepper- ell in 1745. On his mother's side he is a de- scendant of the Hon. Thomas Durfee, of Free- town, for many years a State senator, a member of the Governor's Council, and judge of the Court of Sessions ; and his maternal "randfather was MEN OF PROGRESS. 613 the late Caleb S. Holbrook, of Holbrook. Arthur II. was educated in the Newton public schools and at Amherst Colleire, where he trraduated in den, where he has resided a number of years, he was a member of the Common Council in 1885, and is now a trustee of the Maiden Hospital and of the Maiden Public Library. He is connected with the Masonic order, as a member of the Con- verse Lodge of Maiden. He is a member also of the Boston Congregational Club, of the Boston liar Association, of the American Bar Association, and of the Maiden Historical Society. Mr. Well- man was married October 11, 1887, to Miss Jen- nie L. Faulkner. They have two children : Sar- gent Holbrook and Katharine l''aulkuer Wellman. WETMORE, Stephen Albert, of fioston, of the Boston Hcrahl editorial staff, is a native of St. John, N.B., born February 25, 1862, son of Edwin J. and Margaret A. (Drake) Wetmore. The family originally belonged in New York, and moved to New Brunswick, all the members of it being engaged in lumbering and kimber manufact- ure before there was a realization of the fact that the forests could be exhausted. He was educated in the Advanced School at St. John. Before A. H. WELLMAN. the class of 187S, delivering the valedictory. He studied law in the Harvard Law School (1879-80 and 1880-81), in the Boston University Law School (1881-82), graduating from the latter sumina iiiin laiufc in 1882, and in the office of the late Lyman Mason. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1882, and has since practised his profession in Boston. He served for three years as city solicitor of Maiden, 18S9-90-91. Since 1 89 1 he has been professor of equity jurispru- dence and equit)- pleading in the Boston Univer- sity Law School, succeeding the late Elias Mer- win, having previously (from 18S6) been an instructor in that institution. In politics he is Republican. He has served three terms in the lower house of the Legislature (1892-93-94), — the first year a member of the committee on the judiciary ; the second, House chairman of the committee on cities ; the third, again House chair- man of the committee on cities, also House chair- man of a special committee on the unemployed, and a member of the committee on ta.vation, — and is a member of the Senate of 1895, being chairman of the committee on railroads. In Mal- ■^''jr\ S. A. WETMORE. coming of age, he engaged in newspaper work, and has since had experience in nearly all branches of the profession. He has been con- 6i4 MEN OF PROGRESS. neclcd witli the Jiostun Ihialil for nearly twelve years, serving as " assignment reporter," city editor, and special article writer, treating a great variety of subjects, and having been identified with the leading news undertakings of the paper during a good part of this period. He was one of those who represented the paper at the national conventions which nominated Mr. Cleveland and Mr. Harrison for the presidency; he managed the reporting of the international yacht race of October, 1893, — a great work, necessitating the employment of special wires along the New Jersey and Long Island coasts, besides despatch boats for artists and the carrying ashore of reports, — and throughout the contest the Boston service was ahead of the New York newspaper service, not- withstanding that the New York newspaper men were on their own ground ; and, among various local enterprises, he at one time secured a com- plete canvass of the property owners and ten- ants of Washington and Tremont Streets, which, upon its publication, led the Legislature to amend the rapid transit act of 1894, exempting these streets within the "congested district" of the city from overhead structure. He has en- deavored to make his newspaper work useful ; and '•if it has been useful," he says, "it has usually been the thoughtfulness of the chief editor, and always the enterprise of the paper, which has made it so." Mr. Wetmore was elected a member of the Boston School Committee in 1893 for the years 1894-95-96, and has taken a deep interest, in that work, striving whenever occasion offered to awaken a better public interest in the public schools. Early in 1895 he prepared a statement of the pressing needs of the schools, which was accepted as the basis of an appeal to the Legislat- ure then in session. He is a member of the Mu- nicipal League. He was married in 1883 to Miss Jeannette Blair Elder, of Boston. WHITCHER, William Frederick, of Bos- ton, literary editor of the Boston Advertiser, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Benton, August :o, 1845, son of Ira and Lucy (Royce) \\'hitcher. His ancestry is traced to Thomas Whittier, born 1622, and settled in New- bury, Mass., coming from England in 1638, the names of whose descendants have been variously spelled Whittier, Whitcher, and Whicher. He is descended from Thomas through Nathaniel, born August II, 1658; Reuben, born May 17, 1686; Joseph, born May 2, 1721 ; Chase, born October 6, 1753; William, born May 23, 1783; and Ira, Isorn December 2, 1815. He acquired his educa- tion in the district schools of his native town, at the Haverhill Academy, the New Hampshire Con- ference Seminary, Tilton, N.H., and \\'esleyan University, Middletown, Conn., graduating from the latter in the class of 1871. Then he took up the study of theology in the Boston University School of Theology, spending there the years 1871-73, and upon graduation entered the minis- try of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was W. F. WHITCHER. pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal Church in Newport, R.I., for three years, 1874-77 ; ne.xt of the County Street Church, New Bedford, from 1877 to 1879; and of the Matthenson Street Church, Providence, R.I., in 1879-81. The latter year he engaged in journalism, becoming an edito- rial writer on the Boston Evening Traveller. Four years later he was made editor-in-chief of that paper, and, after service some time in this capac- ity, became in 1891 literary editor and editorial writer. His connection with the Boston Advertiser as literary editor, the position he now holds, was begun in 1893. During his newspaper life Mr. Whitcher has taken pastorates for a few months MEN OF PROGRESS. 6l. each linit, in iSgi at Maiden, where he resides, aiul in 1892-93 at Everett, to fill vacancies thai have occurred. He has been a member of the Maiden School Committee since 1S88, and was ciiairman of the board through 1891-94, declinine; longer service. In politics he was a Democrat with strong protectionist views till 1886, when he joined the Republican party. He has taken great interest in American political history and biog- raphy, and has a library of upward of five thou- sand volumes and si.x thousand pamphlets, largely devoted to these and cognate subjects. He has published several articles in periodicals on genea- logical and biographical subjects, antl has nearly completed a work on American political history. Mr. \\'hitcher is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa ; of several other college and literary associations and clubs; and of the Masonic fraternity, the Royal Arcanum, and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was married December 4, 1872, to Miss Jeannette Maria Burr. She died Septem- ber 25, 1894, leaving one child: Burr Royce W'hitcher (born November 6, 1878). WHITE, Horace C.^rr, M.D., of Somerville. is a native of Maine, born in liowdoin, January 26, 1836, son of Gideon and Rhoda (Springer) White. His great-grandfather was one of the first settlers of P.ath, Me. ; and the house which he built, of hewed timber walls, and port-holes for defence against the Indians, stood until about a quarter of a century ago. This ancestor came from Esse.N, Mass., and was said to be a descend- ant of Peregrine White. Dr. White was educated at the Litchfield Liberal Institute, and fitted for his profession at the medical department of Bowdoin College, graduating in 1859. He was obliged to leave school temporarily, when he was seventeen years old, on account of trouble with his eyes; and for about three years he was engaged in business occupations, first as a clerk in a bookstore in Gardiner, Me., and after- ward in a ship-broker's office in Boston. He was in Boston most of this period, and improved his leisure time while there by attending the Lowell Institute and other lectures. He returned to school in 1855. For about a third of the time between the latter date and i860 he taught school. In January, i860, he settled in Lisbon Falls, Me., and began practice. In March of the following year he entered the army for service in the Civil War, as assistant surgeon of the Eighth Maine Regiment. Sixteen months later, in July, 1863, he returned to Lisbon Falls, broken down in health. There he remained until October, 1874, when he removed to Somerville, where he has since been engaged in the enjoyment of a large jjractice. Dr. \\'hite has been active and iniluential in edu- cational matters for a number of years. At Lisbon he was supervisor of schools for four years, and in Somerville he has been a member of the School Board for twelve years. While a resi- dent of Lisbon, he was also a member of the Board of Selectmen, assessors, and overseers of the HORACE C. WHITE. poor, for three years ; and postmaster of the town from 1869 to 1874. In Somerville he has been a trustee of the Somerville Hospital since its organ- ization, a member of the medical board and of the medical and surgical staff. He is a member and e.x-president of tlie Boston Gynaecological Society, member and e.x-president of the Somer- ville Medical Society, fellow of the Massachusetts Medical Association, member of the Maine Medi- cal Association, and of the American Medical Association ; and was a member of the Ninth International Medical Congress. He belongs to the Masonic order, a member of the De Molay Commandery, Knights Templar, of the Soley 6i6 MEN OF PROGRESS. Lodge, and of Orient Council. He is con- nected with the Loyal Legion and the Grand Army of the Republic, is ex-president of the Sons of Maine of Somer\ille. and a member of the Mystic Valley and other clubs. In politics Dr. White is a steadfast Republican, always taking an active interest in party matters ; but he has held no political office. He was married June 4, i860, to Miss Mary Lithgow Randall, daughter of Captain Paul and Nancy Randall, of Harpswell, Me. They have two daughters and one son : Lucy Francis, Bessie Randall, and William Horace White. president and orator, the subject of his oration being " The Value of Objective Symptoms in the Treatment of Disease." His contributions to medical literature have been frequent and varied, the. list including papers on "Neglect of Injuries in (Growing Girls," "Chronic Cellulitis," "Chronic Peritonitis and Complications," "Psychical Ad- juvants in Neurasthenia," " Tubercular Menin- gitis," and " Immunities in Contagion." Dr. Whittier has been a member of the School Board of Fitchburg, serving three years, 1877 to 1880, and has in other ways shown his interest in edu- cational matters. In politics he is a Republican. WHITTIER, Daniel Brainard, M.D., of Fitchburg, member of the State Board of Regis- tration in Medicine, was born in Goffstown, N.H., October 21, 1834, son of Isaac and Fanny Parker (McQuestion) Whittier. His father was of English descent and of the fifth generation from Thomas Whittier. who was the first of the family in this country ; his mother, of Scotch descent, daughter of William and Sally (Potter) McQues- tion and grand-daughter of Captain David Potter. He was educated in the New Hampshire Confer- ence Seminary, Tilton, N.H., and studied for his profession in the office of Dr. William B. Cham- berlain, late of Worcester, Mass., at the Harvard Medical School, and at the New York Homoeo- pathic College and Hospital, graduating from the latter in March, 1863. Establishing himself in Fitchburg immediately upon graduation, he has practised there steadily since, in a wide field and with much success, attaining a prominent place in the profession. In 1895 he became a member of the board of consulting physicians and sur- geons of the Westborough Insane Hospital. He was appointed to the Board of Registration in Medicine in Massachusetts in 1894, for the term of five years, as one of the representatives on this board of the Massachusetts Homceopathic Medi- cal Society, by which he was unanimously in- dorsed. He is a senior member, by virtue of a continuous membership of upward of twenty-five years, of the American Institute of Homteopathy ; was president in 188 1 of the Massachusetts Sur- gical and (iynaicological Society ; president in 1873-74 of the Worcester County Homeopathic Medical Society ; and has long been prominent in the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society, serving in 1877 as vice-president, and in 1878 as D. B. WHITTIER. He was married October 14, 185S, to Miss Mary Chamberlain, of Tilton, N.H. They have had three children : Ida E., Lucius B., and Walter C. Whittier. The latter two have died. WHITTINGTON. Hiram, of Boston, mer- chant, was born in Cohasset, No\-ember 5, 1843, son of Alfred and Ruth (Delano) \\'liiitington. He is a descendant of Sir Richard Whittington, "thrice lord mayor of London." He was edu- cated in the public schools of his native town, graduating from the High School. He entered the business in which he is still engaged, that of MEN OF PROGRESS. 617 saddlery and c;iniage-\vares, as a boy, and estab- lislicd the present house of Hiram \\'hittint;ton Ov: Co., for the importation, manufacture, and sale of he is interested to a considerable extent in real estate. He served in the Civil War, in the naval branch of the service, entering in 1862, as a boy. He was under Farragut at Mobile and on the ship " Montgomery," Lieutenant Hunter com- manding. Having been something of an oarsman, he rowed stroke oar of the gig, and was afterward coxswain. His ship cruised about the (Uilf, mak- ing Pensacola its coaling station, and captured a number of prizes. He served his full time, and was honorably discharged in 1863. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, Ed- ward Kinsley Post, No. 113; of the Algonquin and Athletic clubs, lioston, of the Bostonian So- ciety, and of other organizations. In politics he usually takes an inde]5endent course, voting as his judgment dictates, and inclined toward Democ- racy. He was married November 5, 1872, to Miss Alice Parker Streeter, daughter of the late Nathan H. Streeter and niece of the late Harvey 1). Parker, of the Parker House, Pjoston. He was called home from his wedding trip by the great lire of 1872, and upon his arrival found the building occupied by his business entirely destroyed. HIRAM WHITTINGTON. horse blankets and carriage robes, saddlery and carriage hardware, and harness and carriage leather, in 187 1, on Kilby Street. The firm was burned out in the great fire of 1872, and received light insurance : but it immediately found tem- porary quarters, and by hard struggle paid its creditors in full. It has been established in its present quarters on Federal and Congress Streets since the first of Januar)', 1874. Though not the oldest house in years, it is the oldest con- cern now in its special line of business in Boston ; and by living up to the times, promptly changing the styles as demanded by the market, it continues to be a leader. In 1891, at the close of twenty years of the firm's life, Mr. W'hittington thought of retiring altogether from this business ; but he finally concluded to continue, associating with him Francis M. Morgan and Robert J. Bond, and giving up to them the details of the business. Since that time the concern has continued to prosper, and has enjoyed the good will of the trade. Mr. Whittington was also one of the organizers of the Beacon Trust Company, and has since been a member of its executive board ; and L. J. YOUNG. YOUNG, Levandk.r is a native of New Ham John-, M.D., of pshire, born in Haverhill, liarnstead, 6i8 MEN OF PROGRESS. February 9, 1850, son of Oliver H. I', and Kmily J. (Tuttle) Young. He is of sterling New Eng- land stock. Three of his great-grandfathers were in the war of the Revolution, one of them, Lieu- tenant Samuel Pitman, with Stark at the battle of Bennington. His father served in the Civil War as a member of the Twelfth New Hampshire Regiment. He was educated in the public schools of his native town, at the Pittsfield (N.H.) Academy, and the Northwood (N.H.) Seminary, and studied medicine under the direc- tion of Dr. John Wheeler of Pittsfield, N.H., and at the Dartmouth ami University of Vermont Medical Schools, graduating from the latter in 1877. His medical studies were begun in 1869, but were interrupted after one course of lectures at Dartmouth by sickness and the necessity of earning money to pay his way. Some time was then spent in school-teaching, also in working at shoemaking; and in 1876 he resumed his studies, beginning at the point where he had left off. He took the lectures at the University of Vermont School in the spring of that year, attended the Dartmouth school through the fall term, and in the spring of 1877 returned to the University of Vermont, and there completed his course. He began regular practice in Candia, N.H., in Jan- uary, 1878, and remained there until October, 1883, when he removed to Haverhill, where he has since been established. During 1888 and 1889 he was one of the attending physicians and surgeons to the Haverhill City Hospital, and was subsequently reappointed for a term of five years, beginning on January i, 1895. From 1889 to 1892 he was a member of the Haverhill School Roard. He is a member of the New Hampshire and Massachusetts State Medical Societies and of the Medical Club of Haverhill. He belongs to the Masonic order, a Knight Templar of the Ha- verhill Commandery ; also to the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the .\ncient Order of United Workmen, and other fraternal organiza- tions ; and is a member of the Pentucket Club of Haverhill. He was married August 29, 1877, to Miss Abbie A. Ring, of Pittsfield, N.H. Two of their children, Velma M. and Lester R., died in infancy, and the others are : \"wa N.. Lestie I., and Merton P. Young. PART VIII. ALLEN, Louis Edmund, M.l)., of Ai'lington, was born in New York City, April 22, 1852, son of William C. and Charlotte K. ( I Hood) Alk-n. ^ ^^^ L. E. ALLEN. He is great-grandson of Dr. Charles W'hitman, son of Dr. Charles Whitman, senior, son of Squire John Whitman who received grants of land direct from the crown, and great-great-great-great-grand- son of the Rev. John and Mary Gardner, married in 1720. Their wedding ring, bearnig this quaint inscription, is still kept in the family : — " As God decreed So Wee agreed." Their son, Henry Gardner, was treasurer of the colonial moneys; and his slave, York, guarded the treasure buried during the Revolution in the swamps near Concord, Mass. Henry Gardner was a member of the I'irst Continenlal Congress, and had two sons, both of them physicians in Boston. Dr. Allen is descended also from the old Virginian family founded by Thomas Rolfe, son of Pocahontas and John Rolfe. On his mother's side he descends from Colonel Blood, who was famous in the reign of Charles II., and whose descendants had immense grants of land in Chelmsford and Concord, which are called the "Blood Farms" to this day. And he is a direct descendant of the Rev. John Fiske, who came to this country in 1632, bringing provisions for three years. Some of the household goods they brought over still remain in the family. Dr. Allen's early education was acquired through tutors and at a preparatory school in Pittsfield, Mass. He graduated from Williams College in the class of 1874. He studied medicine at the Harvard Medical School, and graduated there in 1883. A year was next spent in the out-patient department of the Massachusetts General Hos- pital. Meanwhile he began general practice, established on Temple Street in the old West End, Boston. After leaving the General Hos- pital, he became physician to the out-patient de- partment of the West End Nursery, and so served for ten years. He continued practice in Boston for seven years, and then removed to Arlington, where he has been actively engaged for five years. Dr. Allen is a member of the Massachusetts Medi- cal Society and of the Arlington Boat Club. He is unmarried. ALLEN, Thom.as, of Boston, artist, was born in St. Louis, Mo., October 19, 1849, .son of Thomas and Ann C. (Russell) Allen. He is of notable New England ancestry on the paternal side, and of Virginian on the maternal side. His great-grandfather, Thomas .Allen, native of North- ampton, Mass., was the first ordained minister in Pittsfield, beginning his ministry there in 1764, and continuing until his death in 18 10. He 620 MEN OF PROGRESS. served in the War of the Revokition as a cliap- lain, and took active part in the battle of Benning- ton, thereby becoming- known as the " Fighting Parson of Bennington Fields.'' His wife, Eliza- beth, was a daughter of Jonathan Lee, of Salis- bury, Conn., a descendant of William Bradford, governor of the Plymouth colony. Jonathan, grandfather of the present Thomas Allen, was one of nine sons of the Rev. Thomas, and became a leading Berkshire farmer. He was some time member of the Legislature, one of the founders and an early president of the Berkshire County Agricultural Society, the pioneer society of ■ its THOMAS ALLEN. class, and among the first to import merino sheep. Jonathan's son Thomas, father of the subject of this sketch, born in Pittsfield, was a graduate of Union College, Schenectady, N.Y. (1832); a lawyer, journalist, railroad president, and Con- gressman, and identified witii the development of Western railroads and the resources of Missouri. He was founder of the Madisonian in Washington, D.C., the government organ during President Tyler's administration, and subsequently, in 1842, settling in St. Louis, became the undertaker of the great internal improvements of Missouri, served as State senator in 1850 and 1854, was the first president of the Missouri Pacific, and put on that line the first locomotive that ever crossed the Mississippi, later engaged in building railways in the South-west and in opening up the extensive mineral wealth of his adopted State, and was a representative in Congress for the Second Con- gressional District of Missouri at the time of his death in \\''ashington, in 18S2. His wife, mother of Thomas, was only daughter of William Russell, of St. Louis, and formerly of Virginia, civil engi- neer. She was a woman of rare cultivation and artistic temperament, and gave to her son his taste for the fine arts. Mr. Allen was educated in the High School of Pittsfield, at Williston Sem- inary, Easthampton, and at the Washington Uni- versity, St. Louis. In iS6g he accompanied Professor J. W. Pattison of the Washington Uni- versity on an extended sketching expedition into the Rocky Mountains, making sketches himself merely as notes of the trip, with no thought then of following art as a profession ; but his interest in this work led him, upon his return, to perfect himself in drawing, and from that he was drawn into the artist's life. In 187 i lie went abroad for systematic study in the art schools, intending to make a protracted stay in Paris. But, finding- affairs there unsettled and the painters scattered, he went to Diisseklorf. Entering- the Royal Acad- emy in the spring of 1872, he passed through the several classes, and graduated in 1877, having spent the vacations of each year in travel and study in various cities, visiting Holland, Belgium, France, England, and Bavaria. After finishing at Diisseldorf, he returned to Paris, and, settling in the artist colony in the suburb of Flcouen, re- mained there two or three years, painting indus- triously and producing notable work. In 1876 he sent over his first canvas for exhibition at the National Academy of Design in New York, — "The Bridge at Lissengen," — which was well re- ceived by the critics. After nearly ten years abroad he returned to America in the spring of 1880, and established himself in a studio in Bos- ton. That year he was made a member of the Society of American Artists, and in 1884 he be- came an Associate of the National Academy. Two years before he had first exhibited in the Paris Salon, sho.ving his "Evening in the Market Place, San Antonio," now owned by J. A Newton, of Holyoke. In the Salon of 1887 he was repre- sented by " On Guard," showing a majestic bull in the left foreground, with cattle grazing near by, and others lying among the field daisies. His MEN OF PROGRESS. 62 I first iiuporlant cxhibilion in IjOsIoh was in the winter of 1S83. Since that time iiis canvases have appeared in leading exhibitions there and in other cities from season to season. At the World's Fair, Chicago, he had four oil and three water- color paintings, — namely, " Moonrise," "Thor- oughbreds," " lender the Willows," " Coming through the Wood," " Portal of Ruined Mission of San Jose, Texas," " Pasture by the Sea," and "Changing Pasture, Dartmoor, England," — but was out of the competition, being a member of the National Jury and of the International Poard of Judges of Award. Among his best known works, besides those already mentioned, are : " Moonrise : Over all the Hill-tops is Rest," now at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston ; " Maplehurst at Noon," owned by T. B. Clarke, New York; "Toilers of the Plain," owned by the Berkshire Atheneeum ; " Maplehurst Herd " and " Upland Pasture," owned by J. Montgomery Sears, Boston; "Guern- sey Water Lane," owned by Arthur Little, Boston ; "A Berkshire Idyl," owned by J. L. Graves, Bos- ton; "Woodland Glade," in the collection of the late Professor Horsford, Cambridge; "Calm Evening, Gulf of Mexico," owned by Professor Whitney, Cambridge; "Grasmere Meadow," owned by the Boston Art Club ; and " Market Place, San Antonio," owned in Worcester. Mr. Allen is president of the Boston Society of Water- color Painters, president of the Paint and Clay Club, vice-president of the Boston Art Club, 1889 to 1894, and member of the permanent committee of the School of Drawing of the Boston Art Museum. He was married first, at Northampton, June 30, 1880, to Miss Eleanor G. ^\'hitney, daughter of Professor J. I). Whitney, of Cam- bridge. She died at Ecouen, France, May 14, 1882, leaving one child: Eleanor Whitney Allen. He married second, October 23, 1884, at Boston, Miss Alice Ranney, daughter of the Hon. Am- brose A. Ranney. They have two children : Thomas .Allen, Jr., and Robert Fletcher .\llen. AUSTIN, James Walker, of Boston, member of the bar, was born in Charlestown, January 8, 1829, son of William and Lucy (Jones) Austin. His father, a graduate of Harvard College of the class of 1 798, was some time senator and repre- sentative for Middlesex County in the (General Court and a member of the Suffolk Bar. He Man," and other New England tales, and of "Let- ters from London." Thomas Wentworth Higgin- son in one of his essays has called him "the precursor of Hawthorne." A volume containing his writings under the title of "The Literary Papers of William Austin, with a Biographical Sketch by his Son, James Walker Austin," was published by Messrs. Little & Brown of Boston in 1890. The Austin family of Charlestown are descended from Richard Austin, who became a freeman of that town in 1651, and from him descended Benjamin .\ustin, commonly called " Honestus," Jonathan Loring Austin, secretary was the author of Peter Rugg, the .Missins; JAMES W. AUSTIN. to Dr. Franklin in Paris, and afterward secretary of state and treasurer of Massachusetts, and the late Attorney-general James Trecothick Austin. Mr. Austin was educated at the Frainingfield School, and at Chauncy Hall School in Boston, when Gideon F. Thayer and Thomas Cushing, of fragrant memory, were the principals. He entered Harvard College, and was graduated in the class of 1849. He studied law at the Dane Law School, Cambridge, and received the degree of LL.B. in 1851. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar Janu- ary 22, 1 85 1. In February of that year he sailed for California, and in August visited the Hawaiian or Sandwich Islands, where bv the advice of 622 MEN OF PROGRESS. Chief Justice William L. Lee he was induced to remain. He was admitted to the Hawaiian bar in September, 185 i. In 1852 he was appointed dis- trict attorney for the .Second Judicial District, holding that office for several years. He was three times elected a member of the Hawaiian Parliament, and was for a time the speaker of that body. ]!y special act of the Legislature he was appointed one of the commissioners for the codifi- cation of the laws; and the Civil Code and the Penal Code of the Hawaiian Islands, the former published at Honolulu in 1859, and the latter in 1869, were the result of that commission. They were modelled largely from our Massachusetts Statutes. Judge Austin-was also for some years the guardian of Lunalilo, who afterward became king; and in 1868 he was appointed justice of the Supreme Court, which position he held with Elisha H. Allen, formerly a member of Congress from Maine, and afterward Hawaiian minister at Washington. He returned to Boston for the edu- cation of his children after a residence of twenty- one years in the Hawaiian Islands. Mr. Austin is a member of the New England Historic-Gene- alogical Society, of the Colonial Society of Mas- sachusetts, of the Unitarian Club, and an honorary member of the Hawaiian Historical Society. He was married to Miss Ariana E. Sleeper, daughter of the Hon. John S. Sleeper, late mayor of Rox- bury, July 18, 1857, and their children were : Her- bert, Charles, Walter, class of 1887 H.U., LL.B. Dane Law School, admitted to the Suffolk bar, 1890, William Francis (all born in HonolukO, and Edith (born in Boston). Sawyer, & Co., 1857; Prentiss & Deland, 1S60; W. L. Deland & Son, 1877. Speaking of the diversity of the capacity of the Barta Press, the BARTA, Louis, of Boston, printer, head of the firm of L. Barta & Co., the Barta Press, is a native of Boston, born November 24, 1854. He began as clerk in the commission house of Gard- ner Brewer .S: Co., and subsequently became connected with the Forbes Lithograph Company. In 1884 he, with Lorin F. Deland, organized the. printing house of Deland & Barta, as successors to W. L. Deland & Son. This partnership continued until 1886, when Mr. Barta purchased Mr. De- land's interest, and has since been the sole owner of the establishment. The firm of L. Barta & Co. is a direct descendant of the Boston printing-office of Andrews, Prentiss, & Studley, founded over half a century ago, the line of succession including Prentiss & Sawyer, founded in 185 1; Prentiss, L. BARTA. leading advertising and printing expert has writ- ten : "There is no class of work from a visiting- card to a dictionary, from a newspaper to a book of plate engravings, that the Barta Press cannot handle as well as any establishment in the United States ; and there are few, if any, printing houses which have the material and originality to create the highest of high-grade display and press work. There is not an old press or a dead piece of type under the roof." Mr. Barta is a member of the Master Printers' Club, and was its secretary in 1889 and 1890. He is a member of the Calumet Club of Winchester, and was its president in 1891 and 1892. BARTON, Charles Cl.^rence, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Con- necticut, born in the town of Salisbury, September 4, 1844, son of Pliny L. and Mary Ann (Lock- wood) Barton. His father, still living in his eighty-seventh year, filled many town offices, served three terms in the Connecticut House of Representatives and one in the Senate. Mr. Barton was educated in the public and private MEN OF PROGRESS. 623 schools of S;ilisbury, at the Amenia .Seminary, N.Y., and at Trinity College, Hartford, where he graduated in 1869. He passed his early life on his father's farm. During 1864-65 he taught school in Salisbury to obtain means to pay for his college education, and in his junior year taught in Nfilford, Del., at the same time doing the junior college work. After graduation he continued teaching for three years, from i86g to 1871 having charge of a school in VVatertown, Conn., and one year being master of the Cireat Harrington High School. He began the study of law in 1872 in the office of Ira T. Drew, and in the autumn of the same year entered the first class in the Boston University Law School, where he grad- uated in 1873. He was admitted to the Middle- sex County bar in April that year, before the close of the college season, and at once began practice in Boston. As a lawyer, his business has been largely in real estate and corporation law. From 1873 to 1875 he resided in Boston, from 1875 to 1893 in Newton Centre, and in 1893 returned to Boston. While living in Newton, he served as a member of the Common Council for the years C. C. BARTON. Mr. Barton is now a member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce and of the University and Art clubs. He was married first, .A.ugust 24, 1870, to Miss Emma Conant Drew, daughter of Dr. E. C. Drew, of Boston, who died November 24, 1886, leaving five children: C'harles Clarence, Jr. (now in Boston University Law School), Che.s- ley Drew, Katharine Louise. I'liilip Lockwood, and Elizabeth Conant Barton. He married sec- ond, April 5, 1893, Miss Katharine Haynes Drew, sister of his first wife. 1878-79, president of the body the last year, and as member of the School fioard from 1883 to 1889, chairman of the board the last two years. BATES, John Lewis, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in North Easton, September 18, 1859, son of the Rev. Lewis B., D.D., and Louisa D. (Field) Bates. He is a descendant of John Rogers, the martyr. His father is the pres- ent pastor of the Bromfield Street Methodist Epis- copal Church of Boston. His preparatory educa- tion was acquired in the public schools of Taun- ton and Chelsea and at the Boston Latin School, where he graduated in the class of 1878. F.nter- ing Boston University, he graduated from the academic department in 1882 with the degree of A.B. ; and then, taking the law school course, graduated LL.B. in 1885. After graduating from the college, and part of the time while a law stu- dent, he taught school, in Western New York in the years 1882 and 1883, and in the Boston even- ing schools during 1883 and 1884. He was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar in 1885, and from that time has been engaged in active practice in Bos- ton. He has served in the Boston Common Council two terms (1891-92) and in the lower house of the Legislature: at present (1895) a rep- resentative for East Boston, having served also in 1894. In the latter body he served on the committees on insurance and revision of cor- poration laws in 1894, and in 1895 on the committee on insurance, and as chairman of that on metropolitan affairs. He has taken an ear- nest interest in local affairs, and in 1893-94 was president of the East Boston Citizens' Trade As- sociation. In politics Mr. Bates is Republican. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity as a member of I'.aalbec Lodge, with the order of Odd Fellows, member of the Zenith Lodge, and witli the ITnited Order of the Pilgrim Fathers, presi- dent of the latter organization in 1892-93-94. He is a trustee of the Methodist Episcopal Church Bethel of East Boston and of the lirom- 624 MEN OF PROGRESS. field Street Church in the city proper. He is sec- retary and a director of the Cokunbia Trust Com- pany of Boston. Mr. Bates married July 12, J. L. BATES. 1887, Miss Clara Elizabeth .Smith. They have had two children : Lewis B., 2d (born July 9. 18S9, died December 31, i8gi), and Jolm Harold Bates (born May 10, 1893). BICKNELL, Albion Harris, artist, was born at Turner, Androscoggin County, Maine, March 18, 1837, son of Nehemiah Bosson and Louise (Drew) Bicknell. On both sides he descends from ancestors who bore an honorable part in the settlement and defence of New England. He is a lineal descendant of Captain John Bick- nell, of the British Navy, who came to this country with his family, and settled in Weymouth, Mass., in 1636. On the maternal side he is a lineal de- scendant of Thomas Bisbredge (the common an- cestor of the New England family of Bisbee), who came to America early in 1634, and settled in Plymouth. He is a great-grandson of Luke Bick- nell, of Abington, who was a private in Captain Reed's company, Colonel Bailey's regiment, at the Lexington alarm ; later corporal in Captain Reed's company. Colonel Thomas's regiment, at the siege of Boston, eight months' service ; adjutant of the regiment raised to re-enforce the Continental army for three months from July, 1780; captain in Colo- nel Putnam's regiment in 1781 ; and for si.x years after the Revolution representative of the town of Abington in the Massachusetts General Court. Mr. Bicknell's early education was acquired in the public schools of Turner, Hartford, and Buckfield, Me. He began to study art at the age of four- teen, soon after coming to Boston with his father. He became a student at the Lowell Institute, and for a short time was under the instruction of Will- iam T. Carlton. In the Lowell Institute and in the .\thenaum he continued his studies from life and from the antique until he went abroad in 1861, and entered the atelier of Thomas Couture and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he remained, working indefatigably for two years. After the close of his student life in Paris he visited the principal art centres of other European countries, making a long stay in Venice. He re- turned home in the autumn of 1863, and opened a studio in Boston. Among his fellow-students in Paris with whom he was specially intimate had been D. Ridgway Knight, Thomas Robinson, J. Foxcroft Cole, George H. Boughton, and Sis- ley, the impressionist landscape painter. In Bos- ton Mr. Bicknell soon became intimately associated with William Morris Hunt, Joseph Ames, Elihu Vedder, Foxcroft Cole, and Thomas Robinson, and was among the foremost in laboring for the advancement of art. He was particularly con- spicuous in the formation of the once famous Allston Club, which, though of a brief life, had a positive influence in shaping the course of art in Boston. Mr. Bicknell was in the full tide of suc- cess, when his health failed, and forced him to seek the repose and quietude of the country ; and for the last twenty years his home and studio have been in Maiden, where he has continued to apply himself to his profession with all the ardor of his youth. The range of subjects which he has painted is exceptionally wide, embracing marines, flowers, still-life, genre, landscape, portraits, his- torical compositions, and cattle pieces. The num- ber of his portraits is very large, and includes many distinguished public men. His " Lincoln at (Gettysburg" and "The Battle of Lexington " are his two best known historical works, and rank high among American productions of this class. Both of these are very large canvases. The " Lincoln at Gettysburg '' is of historical worth, as MEN OF PROGRESS. 625 it contains twenty-two life-size portraits of the statesmen and generals of the period. It is now the property of the city of Maiden, through the generosity of the Hon. E. S. Converse. As an etcher and black-and-white artist, Mr. Bicknell is well known. His portfolio of etchings published by Dodd, Mead, & Co., New York, in 1887, gives a fair idea of his talent as an etcher. .\s an illus- trator, he is not without e.\perience, having pro- fusely illustrated " Arcadian Days," by William Howe Downes (Boston, 1891). As a landscape painter, and more recently as a cattle painter, Mr. DickncU takes a high rank for the originality of his observation, the competence of his workman- ship, and the sympathetic and scholarly character of his interpretations. The essentially American quality and atmosphere of his pictures have been frequently remarked. Among his impressions of natiue in New England there are some masterly pages of landscape art, conceived in a noble vein, and having a dignity, breadth, and grandeur of design as unusual as they are impressive. In person Mr. Bicknell is most interesting, genial, and delightful. He has been a great reader, and A. H. BICKNELL. for getting books have been of the best, and his knowledge of the best literature is as broad as his memory is phenomenal. As a student, Mr. Bick- nell has been possessed of a life-long persistency and an untiring passion for learning, not only in the technical branches of the artist's profession, but in all other directions, .so that he has kept in touch with the literary, political, and business movement of the time as few artists are able or willing to do. Mr. Bicknell's intimacy with the late William M. Hunt was truly exceptional, and in many ways the two men were of great service to each other. 'I'he honorary degree of A.M. was conferred upon him by Colby University in 1884. Mr. Bicknell was married July 20, 1875, in Somer- ville, to Miss Margaret Elizabeth Peabody, daugh- ter of Oliver W. and Sarah (Simpson) Peabody. the quiet and retired life he has led for .so many years has given him uncommon opportunities to gratify his literary proclivities. His opportunities BOYDEN, Albert Gardner, of Bridgewater, principal of the State Normal School, was born in South Walpole, Norfolk County, February 5, 1827, son of Phineas and Harriet (Carroll) Boyden. He attended the district school summer and winter until ten years of age, and in winter until eighteen. At fourteen years of age he decided to be a teacher, and strongly desired to go to college, but could not command the funds. He gave his evenings to study, determined to do the best he could for himself. He worked on the farm and in his father's blacksmith shop until he had mas- tered the trade at twenty-one years of age, and in the mean time had taught school three winters. ( )n reaching his majority, he had good health, good habits, his trade, and the assurance of suc- cess in teaching, .\fter earning a part of the requisite funds, he entered the State Normal School at Bridgewater. paying the remainder of his expenses by serving as janitor of the school. He was graduated from the school in November, 1849; taught a grammar scho(jl in Hingham dur- ing the following winter; received the appoint- ment of assistant teacher in the State Normal School at Bridgewater in July, 1850. and held the position three years under the distinguished founder of the school, Nicholas Tillinghast ; was principal of the English High School in Salem from 1853 to 1856; ne.xt submaster in the Chap- man Grammar School, Boston, from September, 1856, to September, 1857; then first assistant again in the State Normal School at Bridgewater three years under the second principal. Marshall 626 MEN OF PROGRESS. Conant : and appointed principal of the school in August, iS6o. That year he received the honor- ary degree of A.M. from Amherst College. He was a diligent student, studying under private tutors ; and during the time he was assistant in the Normal School he was called upon to teach nearly all the studies in the course, and to make a careful stud}' of the principles of teaching. Under his principalship the institution has ex- panded, the pupils have greatly increased, its methods of instruction have been improved and developed ; additions and improvements have been made from year to year to its buildings and A. G. BOYDEN. grounds, and it is now one of the best appointed normal schools in this country, enjoying a na- tional reputation. Mr. Boyden has long been prominent in educational matters, and has con- tributed much to the advancement of the teacher's art. From 1865 to 1870 he was editor of the Massachusetts Teacher, and he is author of numer- ous educational addresses. He has been presi- dent of the Plymouth County Teachers' Associa- tion, was president of the Massachusetts Teachers' Association in 1872-73, and of the Massachusetts Schoolmasters' Club in 1888-89. -He is a mem- ber also of the Old Colony Congregational Club, and was its president from 1883 to 1888; mem- ber of the Boston Congregational Club, and of the fSridgewater Normal Alumni Club. He is con- nected with the Central Square Congregational Society in Bridgewater, and has held the position of clerk of the organization since 1863, a period of thirty-two years. He has been a trustee of the Bridgewater Savings Bank since 1890. In politics he is a "straight" Republican. Mr. Boyden was married in Newport, Me., Novem- ber 18, 185 1, to Miss Isabella Whitten Clarke, daughter of 'j'homas and Martha Louise (Whitten) Clarke. They have had three sons: Arthur Clarke Boyden, A.M., now the teacher of history and natural science in the Bridgewater Normal School ; Walter Clarke Boyden, deceased ; and Wallace Clarke Boyden. .A.M.. submaster in the Boston Normal School. BOYLE, Edward J.iVMEs, of Boston, merchant, was born in Millville, May 14, 1857, son of James H. and Isabella (Lord) Boyle. He is of Irish parentage. His general education was ac- quired in the grammar school of Millville and the High School of Blackstone ; and he took the regular course of the Piryant and Stratton Busi- ness College in Providence. R.I., from which he graduated January 30, 1875. Immediately after graduation he started out as a canvasser, and travelled over New England for different com- panies, always on commission, never on salary. He had natural selling ability, a pleasing address, was a good talker, patient, persevering; and he made a success of everything he handled. He received tempting offers from several houses, which had heard of his success in disposing of goods, to manage their business. He preferred, however, doing business for himself, and, after four years' travelling, organized troupes of can- vassers, whom he trained to sell his goods on his plan. As his business increased, he placed com- petent managers in charge of these travelling salesmen, and opened an office in Providence, R.I., as his headquarters, where he engaged his canvassers, instructed them thoroughly, and sent them to various parts. Next, placing a manager in charge of this office, he opened a Boston office, which became his permanent headquarters. Sub- sequently he had thirty branch offices in New England, employing hundreds of salesmen on the road, and eventually worked up the largest busi- ness of its kind in this section of the country. MEN OF PROGRESS. 627 111' h;i,s always sold his goods on the credit, or iiislalnieiU, plan ; and at one time had twenty-five lliousand open accounts on his Ijooks. requiring E. J. BOYLE. an otfice force of sixty-six clerks to follow, and a large number of collectors. Mr. Boyle is also interested in the credit clothing business, having a store at No. 851 Washington Street, Boston. His brother, Thomas F. Boyle, five years younger, was early associated with him, under the firm name of Boyle Brothers. He is not connected with societies or clubs, nor active in politics, giving his undi\ided attention to his business. He is unmarried. IlR.\(.'KKI"r, William Davis, of Boston, manufacturer, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Londonderry, June 9, 1S40, son of Will- iam D. and Almeria (Brown) lirackett, both natives of Eastham, Mass. When a child, his parents removed to Swampscott, Mass. ; and there he was educated in the public schools, and began his business career. He left school at the age of tweKe, and took a place in a general store kejH by his father. .\t twenty he became propri- etor of the store, purchasing his father's interest, and conducted a successful business there until 1865. Then, coming to Boston, he formed a partnership with J. L. Goldthwait, under the firm name of Goldthwait, Brackett, & Co., and engaged in the wholesale and retail boot and shoe trade. In 1868, upon the death of Mr. Goldthwait, the firm of Cressey & Brackett was formed, composed of T. E. Cressey and Mr. Brackett, as manufact- urers and wholesale dealers in boots and shoes. Two years later Mr. Cressey retired, and the firm became Mann & Brackett. In 1880 Mr. Mann's interest was purchased by Mr. Brackett, and the firm name was changed to W. D. Brackett & Co., the present style. In 1889 W. H. Emerson and Mr. Brackett's son, Forrest G. Brackett, were ad- mitted as partners. The firm have several fac- tories, and do a large manufacturing business, to the general oversight of which Mr. Brackett gives his entire attention. He has held no public office other than that of town clerk of Swampscott for a number of years ; and, although a strong Re- publican, he has taken no public part in politics. He served in the Civil War as corporal of Com- pany E, Forty-fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Vol- unteers, during its term of service. He is a mem- W. D. BRACKETT. ber of the Home Market Club, of the Boot and Shoe Club, and of the Hugh de Payne Command- ery. Freemasons. He was married January 1, 628 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1865, to Miss Sarah A. Lee, of Lowell. 'I'hey have had one son and one daughter : Forrest G. (born November 3, 1868) and Blanche E. Brackett (born August 3, 1870). He resides in Stoneham. BUTLP:R, Willia.m Morg.an, of New Bedford, member of the bar, president of the State Senate in 1894 and 1895, is a native of New Bedford, born January 29, 1861, son of James D. and Eliza B. (Place) Butler. He is lineally descended from Thomas Butler, who came to Lynn in 1629, and removed to Sandwich in 1637. Benjamin, practised in New Bedford from that time. He early came forward in public life : and, after serv- ing one year in the New Bedford Common Coun- cil (1S86), he was elected to the House of Repre- sentatives in 1889, and has served continuously in the Legislature, two terms in the House of Representatives (1890-91), and four in the Senate (1892-95), the last two years as president of the Senate. During both years of his service in the House he was a member of the committee on the judiciary of that branch ; and during his first two years of the Senate he served on the Senate committee on the judiciary, the second year as its chairman. He was also ciiairman of the joint special committee on administrative boards and commissions, and a member of the connnittee on mercantile affairs in 1892, chairman of the Sen- ate special committee to investigate the penal in- stitutions in 1893, and member of the committees on probate and insolvency, bills in the third read- ing, and printing. He was also a member of the joint special committee of inquiry into the 'i'orrens system of land transfer, the connnittee to revise the corporation laws, and the committee upon the revision of the judiciary system. He is one of the youngest presidents the Senate has ever had, and was chosen to the position both years without op- position and by a unanimous \ote. In polilics, Mr. Butler is a Republican. He belongs to the local clubs of New Bedford, the \\'amsutta and the DartnK.iuth, and is connected with the Ma- sonic fraternity and the order of Odd Fellows. He was married July 15, 1886, to Miss Minnie F. Norton, of Edgartuwn. They have three chil- dren: Morgan, (lladvs, and I/awrence Butler. WM. M. BUTLER. the great-grandson of Thomas, went to New Bed- ford in 1750, in which place the family of the sub- ject of this sketch has since lived. His grand- father, 1 )aniel Butler, was prominent in the early business life of New Bedford ; and his father, the Rev. James D. Butler, was for many years con- nected with the ministry of the Methodist Episco- pal Church in the New England Southern and Providence Conferences. William H. Piutler re- ceived his education in the public schools of New Bedford, and fitted for his profession at the Bos- ton LTniversity Law School, where he was grad- uated in June, 1884. He was admitted to the bar in September preceding his graduation, and has CAMP, Samuel, M.D., of Great Barrington, is a native of Connecticut, born in Winsted, Litch- field County, May 5, 1829, son of Samuel Sheldon and Betsey (Mallery) Camp. His father and mother were also natives of Win- sted. He is of F^nglish descent and Puritan stock, who came to America from 1630-1640, and settled in Boston, New Haven, and Wethersfield, Conn. He is a direct descendant of Nicholas Camp who came from Nasing, Essex County, Eng- land, in 1638, married Catherine, widow of An- thony 'Phompson, and settled in Milford, Conn. He is also a descendant of Henry Buck, Nathan- iel Foote, John Robbins, Josiah Churchill, and Richard Treat, who were among the first settlers MEN OF PROGRESS. 629 of Wetln-rslicld, aiul Ihoiiias Carter, first minister at Woburn, Mass. His great-great-grandfathers were Lieutenant Samuel Gaylord and (Captain) Dr. Abraliam Camp, wiio married Martha, daughter of Moses Parsons, and practised medi- cine in \\'indham. Conn., afterward moving to New- Milford, thence to Norfolk, Conn. His great-grandfather was Moses Camp, wiio married Thankful Gaylord. He was a private in Captain IJostwick's company, Charles Webb's regiment, which crossed the Delaware on the eve of Decem- ber 25. 1776. Other members of the family served in the Revolutionary War, among whom SAMUEL CAMP. was Colonel Giles Jackson on Gates's staff. Ancestors of Dr. Camp were also more or less identified with the other wars of the country. The professions followed w^ere those of ministry and medicine. Samuel Camp obtained his pre- liminary education in Norfolk, Conn., and began the study of medicine there at the age of fifteen years with Dr. William Welch. His collegiate training was at \\'oodstock, Vt., and at the Uni- versity of New \'ork, where he was graduated March 5, 1851. He established himself first in New Marlborough, Mass., immediately after his graduation. Four years later he removed to St. Joseph, Mich. Then, returning to Berkshire County in 1S59, he settled in (Jreat Harrington, and has resided there from that time, engaged in active practice as physician and surgeon. At the opening of the Civil War he was appointed by Governor Andrew to examine excepts from draft, and as recruiting agent; and on the 21st of Sep- tember, 1 86 1, he was made assistant surgeon of the Twenty-seventh Regiment, Massachusetts Volun- teers. In the following May, however, on the :!7th he resigned the latter commission on account of ill-health. When his health was re- stored, he renewed his interest in procuring re- cruits; and on October 17, 1863, when the call for three hundred thousand men for three years was made, he was again appointed at a special town meeting to enlist men. This agency he held until January, 1865. Dr. Camp has been surgeon of the D. G. x\nderson Post, No. 196, of the Grand .\rmy of the Republic, since its organization ; from 1877 to 1S92 he was medical examiner for South- ern Berkshire; and from 1889-93 was United States pension examiner, under appointment of I'resident Harrison. He was admitted to member- ship in the Massachusetts Medical Society, and of the Berkshire County Medical Society in 1852. In politics he has been a lifelong Republican. Dr. Camp was married August 12, 1852, to Miss Sarah J. Jones, of New York City. They have had four children: H. Isabel, Charles Morton, Frank Barnum, and Mary Emily Camp. CHAGNON, W. John Baptiste, M.D., of Fall River, was born at St. Jean Baptiste, in the county of Rouville, Province of Quebec, Decem- ber 28, 1837, son of Antoine and Marie Anne (Bernard) Chagnon. His first ancestor in Amer- ica was Francois Chagnon, who emigrated to Canada, then the New France, in the latter half of the seventeenth century, a wool-carder by trade, and the first to build on the St. Lawrence River one of those round stone windmills such as that now seen in Newport. John B. attended the element- ary and grammar schools of his native place, and then went to the Chambly Commercial College to take a business course. Not satisfied with this, however, he turned his attention to classical studies, and devoted some time to their pursuit in the college of St. Hyacinthe and St. Assomption. The study of medicine was begun in May. 1S58, first under Dr. F. X. Bi^igue, the local physician in his native town, who is still living at the age of 630 MEN OF PROGRESS. eighty, and continued with Dr. M. Turcot, the leading physician of the city of St. Hyacinthe at that time. With this preparatory training he came to New York, and, entering the Medical College of the University of the City of New York, graduated there April 12, i860. Upon his return to his native country to practise his pro- fession, he was obliged, on account of a protec- tive medical law just enacted there, to pass a new examination in order to insure his license ; and this he did the following year before the medical board of the University of McGill, receiving not only the regular degree of doctor in medicine, but J. B. CHAGNON. also that of master in surgery. For some years thereafter he practised in the town or parish of St. Dominique, a countiy place, with the ordinary success of all beginners. In 1S67 he went to St. Pie, where he enjoyed a wider field, with an increase of his professional labors. Equally pat- ronized by French Canadians and by the numer- ous w'ealthy English settlers of Abbotsford, he soon achieved a popularity which brought him to a position among the foremost of citizens. Besides his professional duties he devoted some of his time to the education of the children of the town, and to the maintenance of order in cases of trouble and contention, acting in this respect as justice of the peace. He also organized a company of fifty militia men, instructing them in his leisure hours, which body proved effective on the frontier against the Fenian raid in 1870. In the autumn of 1878 Dr. Chagnon became a candidate under the McKenzie government on the issue of revenue tarift" against high protection, having secured the nomination from his party in preference to the late ex-Premier Mercier. He opposed the Hon. A. Mousseau, and was beaten by a small majority in that memorable contest in which the Liberal Party was swept off. After this campaign, dis- gusted with the ungratefulness of both his friends and his own relatives, who had most opposed his election, Dr. Chagnon decided to seek another field of action. He then came to Fall River, bought a house in the suburbs, and opened a drug store in the city. A few years later he e-\tended his business, taking another store in the centre of the city. In December, 1884, he went abroad, and spent the succeeding six months in Paris, attending there the lectures of able specialists, in branches which he proposed to practise upon his return. Meanwhile his business in Fall River had been left under the superintendence of his clerk, Aime ISarry : and he had intrusted the education and care of his daughters (his wife having died in May, 1883) to Sister H. Alphonse, the superior of the convent of Marieville in Canada, and the instruction of his sons to the college of the same place. After a brief vacation in Germany and Italy, he returned, and, selling his interests in pharm.icy, concentrated his attention again upon the practice of his regular profession, with suc- cess fully up to his expectations. Dr. Chagnon has trained several young men as pharmacists and physicians, among the number being Dr. .\. W. Petit, now of Nashua, N.H.; Dr. A. Petit, of Phenix, R.I. ; Dr. L. Keaudry, of Pawtucket, R.I.; Dr. A. Langevin, of Millbury, Mass. ; Dr. E. Car- din, of Swanton, Vt. ; and Dr. N. Normand, lately graduated ; and, as pharmacists, Aime Barry, now one of the leaders among the druggists of Fall River, his brother Aladin Barry, to-day a busy physician, and D. Jarry, one of the firm of Dan- durand, Pease, &: Co., of New Bedford. In Canada Dr. Chagnon held the offices of justice of the peace, commissioner of the court of equity, president of the board of school committee in 1875; and was a member of the College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons of the Province of Quebec. In Fall River he w-as a member of the Common MKN OF PROGRESS. 631 C'dinu il ill 18S3. He was one of the foumlers of the ( loot! Samaritan Hospital of !-'all River, now a prosperous institution. He is a member of the Histological Society of Paris, of the Massachu- setts Medical Society, of the Medical Association of Fall River, and of the South Bristol Medical Association. He has contributed a number of articles to medical publications. His single liusi- ness interests outside of his profession are now the Lafayette Hank of Fall River, of which he is president, and the Fall Rixer People Steam- boat Company, in which he is acting as director. |)r. ('hagnfui is a cosmopolitan practitioner, in the full sense of the term. He is patronized by all nationalities of his city. Dr. C'hagnon married June 17, 1861, Miss Marie Victorine I )esnoyers, by whom he had ten children, all of whom are yet living : Maria, Charles Kmile (now a physician at Artie Centre, R.I.), Rosa Anna (now wife of Dr. A. W. Petit), L. Alfred (phvsician, practising in Mizola, Mont.), Marie Victoria (wife of Fanery Paneton, druggist in Fall Kiver), Marie Louise (wife of A. E. Lafond, editor of the Tribune of Woonsocket, R.I.), Concorde (wife of Dr. A. Petit, of Pheni.x, R.I.), Martha Zoe, Eugc'nie, and Planche Chagnon. Dr. Chag- luin is already grandfather of twelve children, lie married second, in 1885, Mrs. Mary Ann (ligault I'haneuf. widow of D. Phaneuf, formerly a merchant of Canada, and sister of (leorge (ligaedt, the deputy minister of agriculture in the ( 'anatlian <:o\ernment. CHASE, Aniiukw Jackson, of Boston, presi- dent of the Chase Refrigerator Company, is a native of Maine, born in Hallowell, July 25, 1836, son of Oliver A. and Rachael (Trask) Chase, daughter of Elder Samuel Trask. His maternal great-grandfather, when a lad, was captured, and made to serve as cabin-boy with the notorious pirate, Kidd, until the latter's craft and crew were taken by the English ; and it is said that the crew pleaded with their executioners to spare the boy"s life, which was the only one spared. His education was limited to the country school. At the age of seventeen he came to Boston, and there was first employed in the manufacture of what w'as then known as mineral waters and syrups. L'pon the outbreak of the Civil War he was among the earliest to enlist, joining the Twelfth Massachusetts, Webster Regiment. He served through the principal battles of liie Poto- mac ; and on May 23, 1864, was severely wounded at Jericho Ford, North .Anna River, on the last march of Grant toward Richmond. For a year thereafter he was dependent upon crutches. Returning from the war, he resumed his former occupation. He first became engaged in the cold blast refrigerator business in Januar)-, 1866, under the first patent. 'I'his was subsequently greatly improved until the scientific cold-blast system was fully perfected, aiul the business meanwhile largely extended. 'I'here are now nf)t less than ten thousand of the Chase Cold-biasl A. J. CHASE. Refrigerator cars engaged in the fresh meat trade alone. The first successful shipment of fresh beef to Europe was made from Chicago to Boston in cold- blast cars, and then by steamship, fitted in like manner, by Mr. Chase in 1878 or 1879 ; and since that time large shipments have been regularly made by means of cold-blast preservation. Mr. Chase is also the well-known inventor of the scien- tific process for distilling pure water. Among other valuable discoveries of his is a method for extract- ing a meat and fish preserving and baconizing Huid from the sugar maple tree. He attributes his present youthful state to the constant use of aero-distilled water, which has been freely used 6y. MEN OF PROGRESS. for the past six years. He has never used tobacco or liquors of any kind. Mr. Chase is a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Me- chanic Association. In politics he has always been a practical reformer and Republican. He was married January 15, 1856, to Miss Sarah Harny, daughter of Captain John Harny, of Hali- fax, N.S. They have had a family of four chil- dren : Ella F., Warren A., Sarah Edith (deceased), and Confucius Chase. CHASE, Caleb, of r.oston, merchant, was born in Harwich, December 11, 1S31, son of Job and Pha'be (VMnslow) Chase. His father was a ship- owner and a sea-faring man in early life, and afterward kept a general store in Harwich until about twenty years previous to his death, which occurred at the ripe age of eighty-nine. He was a public-spirited man, much interested and influ- ential in affairs, one of the original stockholders in the old Yarmouth liank. and prominent in public enterprises of his day. Caleb Chase was educated in the public schools of Harwich, and of .Anderson, Sargent, (\: Co., at that time a lead- ing dry-goods house of the city. After about five years with this firm, during which period he trav- elled in its interest, first through Cape Cod towns, and later in the West, he became connected with the wholesale grocery house of Cloflin, Saville, & Co., beginning in September, 1859, This con- nection continued until the first of January, 1864, shortly after which he engaged in the business on his own account as a member of the firm of Carr. Chase, & Raymond then formed. In 187 1 this firm was succeeded by Chase, Raymond, & Ayer ; and in 187S the present house of Chase lV San- born was organized for the importation of teas and coffees e.xclusively. Mr. Chase is now the head of the house, which ranks as the largest importing and distributing tea and coft'ee house in the country. Large branch houses are also estab- lished in Montreal and in Chicago. In politics Mr. Chase is a Republican. He has often been solicited to enter the field for public service, but he has invariably declined, preferring to devote his energies to his extensive business interests. He is a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, and of the Algonquin Club. He was married in 1864 to Miss Salome lioyles, of Thurston, Me. They have no children. COLE, John Nelson, of Andover, editor and publisher of the Ttm'iisnian, was born in Grove- land, November 4, 1S63, son of George S. and Nancy Emeline (Bodwell) Cole. His first ances- tL-r of llie board of trustees of tlie State Primary School at Monson, three of wliicli he was chairman of the board, ap- |)()iiite(l first by Governor Washburn, and later by (Jovernor Rice. In 1876 he was one of the board of managers for the State at the Centennial Kx- position in Philadelphia. In politics Mr. Ciilbert is a Republican, and has served three years on the Republican State Central Committee. He was a delegate to the National Council of Congre- gational Churches held in Chicago in 1886, and has been chosen again a delegate to the above- named council to be held the present year (1895). lie belongs to the Masonic fraternity, member of Kden I,odge of Ware. He was married 1 )eceni- ber 21, 1864, to Miss Mary I). Lane, of Ware, daughter of the late Otis Lane, who for thirty years was treasurer of the Ware Savings ISank. Thev have no children. GLEASON, Ch.arles Shermax, M.I)., of Ware- ham, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Oakland, Februarys, 1865, son of Benjamin and Caroline V. (Mclntire) Gleason. He is a de- scendant of Thomas Gleason, who came from Eng- land to this country in 1760. His great-grand- father, Elijah Gleason, was born in Pomfret, Conn., in 1771. His grandfather, Bryant Gleason, a soldier of the War of 18 12, was born in Water- ville. Me., in 1793: and his father, Benjamin (Jleason, was born at Canaan, Me., March 8, 1828. He attended the district school until he reached the age of fourteen, when he entered the Oakland Higli School, where he remained two years. He next received a commercial training at Oak Grove Seminary, Vassalborough, Me., then in 1884 en- tered the Maine Wesleyan Seminary at Readfield, Me., and graduated there in 1888, and afterward took the regular course of the Boston University School of Medicine, receiving his degree in June, 1892. During the four years' course of the seminary he taught school several terms ; and at other times he was farmer, meciianic, house painter, book agent, working at any occupation that he could find to earn money for his school expenses. He made his own way through the seminary and through the medical school, without financial aid from anybody. During the last two years at the Boston University he was resident |)hysician at the Consumptives' Home in the Rox- bury District, Boston. Buying the business of Dr. George H. Earle, he entered upon tile regular practice of medicine in Wareham on the ist of October, 1892, and has been actively engaged from that time. Beginning life with no capital but his energy, he is today a leading citizen in the town where he resides. He is a thinker and a worker. Amid the pressing demands of the largest practice in his vicinity he finds time to en- rich his mind in his library, and to keep in touch with important jjroblems of the hour. He is a member of the Massachusetts Homceopathic Med- ical Society, of the Massachusetts Surgical and Gynaecological Society, of the Boston Homcio- pathic Medical Society, of the Hahnemann Soci- ety, and of the New England Hahnemann Asso- ciation. In March, 1895, he was elected a mem- ber of the Board of Health of Wareham. GOWING, Henry Augustus, of Boston, was born in Weston, August 2, 1834; died in Boston, December 14, 1894. He was a son of John Hill and Sophia Viles (Bigelow) Gowing, and on both sides from early New England stock. He was in the seventh generation from Robert Gowing, born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 16 18, and settled in Dedham, Mass., in 1638, who signed the call and 648 MEN OF PROGRESS. attended the meeting at Dedhani which estal> lished what is held to have been the first free school in America ; and on the maternal side he was the great-great-grandson of Josiah ]!igeIow, of Weston, lieutenant in Captain W'hittemore's militia company of artillery, which marched from Weston to Concord, April 19, 1775. After com- pleting his studies, he entered the wholesale dry- goods business. He was a partner in the firm of Dodge Brothers at the outbreak of the Ci\il War, and thereafter was for many years a well-known figure in the business life of Fioston. The firm of Dodge Brothers did a large and successful busi- oM. \ HENRY A. COWING. ness during and after the war, until 1871, when the Messrs. Dodge retired, and were succeeded by the firm of Gowing & Grew. This firm became Gowing, Crrew, & Co. and later (iowing, Sawyer, & Co., and so continues at present. Aside from his regular business, Mr. Gowing for many years administered important trusts for several large estates ; and he was for a long time a director of the State National Bank of Boston. He was a steadfast Republican, \oting for Fremont for President, and was always actively interested in the welfare of his party and in the questions of the day. He was a member of the Boston Art Club, of the Historic Genealogical Society, and of the Sons of the Revolution. In all the relations of life he was true to every duty. A thorough Christian gentleman, those who knew him best knew his worth. He married September S, 1859, Miss Clara Elizabeth Patch, daughter of Dr. Franklin F. Patch, and had two children : Mary S. and Franklin P. Gowing : and one grand- child : Cle\es Gowing Richardson. GRADY, Thomas Benjamin Joseph Levi, of Boston, discoverer of the science of speech, prin- cipal and founder of the lioston Stanunerers' Institute and Training School, was born near Halifax, N.S., March 15, 1847, son of Captain John W. and Mary Ann (McCoy) Grady. He is a descendant of Major Thomas B. Grady of the "clan Grady" of the north of Ireland, men noted for large stature, great strength, and long lived. His mother was a daughter of the Rev. William McCoy, known as the " sweet singer " of Nova Scotia, revered and loved by all in the community in which he lived, a son of a minister of the same name, and descended from the " clan McCoy "' of the Highlands of Scotland. Thomas B. J. L., like his progenitors, is over six feet in height, weighing nearly three hundred pounds, and is one of the largest and strongest men in ISoston. He attrib- utes his strength to farm life and exercise when a boy, as well as being well born, with, as a birth- right, a good set of digestive organs. He was edu- cated in the public schools, and also, on account of deafness, by private tutors. His father being in early life a seafaring man. as were all of the latter's brothers, he was inclined to the sea, but, being too deaf to hear orders, was unable to follow it. Turning therefore to other pursuits, he was ambitious to study for the ministry. Meanwhile, in the course of his studies, discovering the "science of speech," or why human beings talk, he reduced the science to practice, and has ever since been " unloosing the stammering tongue," becoming widely known as " the stammerer's friend." He established the Boston Stammerers" Institute and Training School in 1880. His hope and desire is to live long enough to found a free institute and training school for all poor boys and girls afflicted in speech who are unable to pay for their relief. The late Bishop Phillips Brooks was much interested in this matter; and through his help and infiuence the project was almost estab- lished, the plans laid, the amount necessary MEN OF PROGRESS. 649 proiniscil, and success assured, wlicn his death (twenty), Margaret Rebecca (eighteen), 'I'honias occurred. Mr. (xrady is now and has been a Taimage (sixteen), and Walhice Garfield Grady justice of tlie peace for a number of years. He (fourteen). GUMBART, Adolph S.-vmuel, of Boston, pastor of the Dudley Street Baptist Church, is a native of Boston, born November 25, 1853, son of William and Mary Gumbart. He is a descendant of French Huguenots who escaped to Germany during the Huguenot persecutions. His education was acquired in the public schools of New York City, at Cooper Union, and through private instruction in special courses in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and German. Although he is a son of parents in modest circumstances, by dint of earnest study and a supreme love of books there are few sciences in which he is not versed. Among his professional brethren he is regarded as specially qualified along the lines of general science. He is also an excellent German scholar, and familiar with German theology and philosophy. He was ordained to the ministry in 1878 at Port Richmond, Staten Island, where he preached for some time, always to crowded congregations. T. B. J. L. GRADY. is a member of the Odd Fellows and of the Methodist Ministers' Social Union. His family are firm adherents of the Methodist Episcopal Church, he himself being one of the stewards in the same. In politics, while a subject of the queen of England, he was a Reformer ; and during his fifteen years as a resident in the United States he has been a Republican. He is a strong advocate of shorter hours of labor for the workingman, and fully persuaded that eight hours for sleep, eight hours for labor, and eight hours for pleasure, recreation, and getting ac- quainted with one's family, is the proper division of time, and will of itself help to solve the difficulty between capital and labor, by equalizing matters. Mr. Grady is an author and also a writer of verses, having produced, among other poems, " How I Like the South," which was widely copied a few years ago. He was married March 24, 1870, to Miss Margaret Arthurs, of 'I'oronlo, Ontario, grand-daughter of Colonel William Ramsey, of her Majesty's service. They have six children : Albert Arthur (twenty-four years), Alice Harriet (twenty-two years), Mary KUen A. S. GUMBART. Other pastorates followed, in which Mr. Gumbart was always successful and popular. In 1890 he came to Boston as pastor of the Dudley Street Bap- 650 MEN OF PROGRESS. tist Churcli, hi.s present charge, one of tlie largest Baptist churches in the city, and embracing in its membership some of the most influential of Bap- tist la\men there. He is zealous in pastoral and denominational work as well as a popular pulpit orator, always preaching to full pews. Under his active leadership his church carries on many char- ities and performs much other work. Scarcely a day passes but he is in receipt of invitations to deliver addresses and sermons before associations or conventions ; and he conducted for several years with much ability the Sunday-school depart- ment of the WaUhmaii, giving full and suggestive explanations of the lessons each week. Of his pulpit work the Rev. Dr. F. R. Morse, of New York, has written, in a series of papers on " Noted Preachers " : " His sermons show the results of faithful and careful study, and are marked by freshness of ideas and eloquence of thought. It is his habit to dictate the substance of each dis- course to a shorthand writer, but he never uses a manuscript in the pulpit. He speaks with marked ease, is attractive in manner, often dramatic, — never offensively so, — is forcible in utterance, is suggestive in statement, is apt in illustration, clear in diction." At various times Mr. Gumbart has held important and honorable offices in societies connected with the denomination to which he be- longs. He was married September 4, 1876, to Miss Lucinda B. Parkinson, of Keyport, N.J., who is ardently devoted to the duties of a minis- ter's wife. They have two daughters : Dora and Carrie Gumbart. GUPTILL, Ira Clark, M.D., of Northbor- ough, is a native of Maine, born in Cornish, York County, April 9, 1844, son of Obadiah True and Harriet Newell (Cilley) Guptill. His ancestors on both sides were closely connected with the early history of the Pine Tree State. His great- grandfather, Daniel Guptill, was a native of North Berwick, Me., where he married Miss Sarah Mor- rill ; and they reared a large family of children. His maternal grandfather was Benjamin Cilley, of Limerick, Me. Dr. Guptill's early education was obtained from the common, high schools, and the classical institutes, and his collegiate training at Bowdoin and Dartmouth. He graduated from the medical department of Dartmouth College November 4, 1874, and further fitted for his pro- fession through clinical practice in connection with the office of his instructor. Dr. Alvin Brawn, who was citv physician of Biddeford, Me. Soon after his graduation he settled in IManchesler, N.H., and was in active practice in Manchester and Auburn for three years, when on account of poor health he travelled for a while. Upon his return he resumed practice in his native State, and in October, 1879, removed to Northborough, where he has since remained in the enjoyment of an extensive practice and a very pleasant home. He is a member of the Worcester District Medi- cal Society and a Fellow of the Massachusetts Medical Society. He has read several papers be- fore the societies, has been concerned in a num- ber of literary works, and ha^ also contributed poems to magazines and newspapers, which have been quite extensively copied. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, the Odd Fellows, to the Royal Society of Good Fellows, and is president of the Fredonia Club of Social Fellows. He has been a lifelong Republican, and has served on the town committee. In his professional work, by offices of kindness and gratuitous service, he has done much, often at a sacrifice, to ameliorate the con- dition of the poor and unfortunate, which has I. C. GUPTILL. been the pleasure of his ambition. Dr. Guptill was married November 4, 187 1, to Miss Jennie J. Jones, of North Lebanon, Me., a graduate of MEN OF PROGRESS. 651 the West Lebanon Seminary, and a very success- the Foresters, and ilie Red Men. Dr. Ilarriinan fill teacher. No children have been born to them, was married October 18, 1877, to Miss Servilla Marion Jones, of Goffstown, N.H. They have one ciiild : \\'illis Warren Harriman, aged si.xteen years. H.VRRl.M W, HiR.VM P., of Bo.ston, judge of the Probate and Insolvency Court for Parnstable County, was born in Groveland, February 6, 1846, son of Samuel and Sally (Adams Milliard) Harri- man. His father and mother were both natives of Georgetown ; and their ancestors were among liie earliest settlers of that part of Esse.x County, farmers by occupation. He was educated in the common schools of his native town, at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, where he was fitted for college, and at Dartmouth, graduating tiiere in the class of 1869 with honors. His law studies were pursued at the Albany Law School ; and he was admitted to the bar immediately upon his graduation, in June, 1S71. From that time he has been engaged in active practice, for a number of years having his office in Boston. He was appointed to his present position of judge of probate and insol- CHAS. H. HARRIMAN. HARRIMAN, Charles Henry, M.D., of Whitinsville (Northbridge), is a native of New Hampshire, born in Goffstown, November 16, 1852, son of Warren and Sarah A. (Whipple) Harriman. His early education was acquired in the public schools of Goffstown, and he graduated from the Norwich (Vt.) University. He was fitted for his profession through practical instruction and work with Professor L. B. How, of Manches- ter, N.H., and at the Dartmouth Medical College, where he graduated in 1877. He began practice that year, established in Hopkinton, N.H., and continued there until 1882, when he came to Whitinsville. He has served some time on the Northbridge School Committee, and was repre- sentative in the General Court for the Tenth Worcester District in 1891, being the only Demo- crat ever elected from that district. He is promi- nent in the Masonic order, being a member of the Granite Lodge, Whitinsville, and St. Elmo Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Whitinsville, of the Jjodge l^erfection, Worcester, and the Shrine Aleppo Temple, Boston. He belongs also to the Knights of Pvthias, the Knights of Golden ISagles, H. P. HARRIMAN. vency for Barnstable County in June, 1882. Dur- ing the illness of Judge McKim in 1892 he also held the Probate and Insolvency Court of Suffolk 652 MEN OF PROGRESS. for several months; and in 1893, at the time of the ilhiess and death of Judge George M. Brooks, he held the Middlesex County Probate Court. He has been the leading lawyer in Barnstable County for many years, and since he opened a law office in Boston has had a large practice there. In politics he has always been a Republican ; but he has never held or stood for political office. He is a member of the Boston Art Club. Judge Harri- man was married September 20, 1870, to Miss Betsey F. Nickerson. They have one child : Olivia C. Harriman. B. F. HASTINGS. HASTINGS, Bexj.amin P"r.\nklin, M.D., of Whitman, was born in Richmond, Berkshire County, August 23, 1S36, son of Ozial \\'. and Ruth S. (Stevens) Hastings. His early education was acquired in the common schools of Lenox. He was fitted for college at the Lenox Academy, and, entering Williams, graduated there in the class of 1861. Then he took the regular course of the New York University Medical College, graduating in March, 1863. He at once entered the army for service in the Civil War, becoming assistant surgeon of the Eighteenth Regiment, Massachu- setts Volunteers, and remained with his regiment from March 13, 1863, to September 2, 1864, the expiration of its term of service. Upon his return he first settled as a general physician in the town of Rockland, but two years later removed to Whit- man (formerly South Abington), where he has since been established in active practice. For the past twenty years he has been United States examining surgeon for pensions. He is a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Medical Society. He has been a member of the School Committee of the tow-n since its incorporation (twenty years), most of the time chairman of the board. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, member of the Puritan Lodge, with the order of Odd Fel- lows, member of Webster Lodge, and with the Grand Army, member of Post 78. In politics he is a Republican. He was married November 29, 1866, to Miss Miranda Torrey, of Rockland. They have no children. HENDERSON, Charles Russell, M.D., of Reading, is a native of England, born at Bushy Heath, Hertfordshire, July 24, 1867, son of Charles Alan and Helen Elizabeth (Power) Hen- CHAS. R. HENDERSON. derson. Coming to this country when a child, he was educated in a private school in Brookline and at the Roxbury Latin School from 1880 to 1886, MEN OF PROGRESS. 653 having previously, in 1S78, spent a year in Eng- land and France. He entered the Boston Uni- versity School of Medicine, and graduated with the regular degree in June, i88g. The following September he began active practice at Reading, where he has since remained. For a year, from November, 1888, he was house surgeon in the Massachusetts Homceopathic Hospital. From 1892 to 1895 he was chairman of the Reading Board of Health. He is a member of the Massa- chusetts Surgical and Gynecological Society. He has been a Freemason since 1892, member of the Good Samaritan Lodge of Reading. Dr. Hender- son is unmarried. clerk of Company .V, Forty-seventh. This com- pany was known as the ' Harvard University Company': and First Lieutenant — as I now call HEYMER, John Casper, of Boston, founder of the electrotyping and stereoptyping house of J. C. Heymer & Son, was born in New York City, June 20, 1825 ; died in Boston, February 4, 1895. He was son of John Jacob and Sarah Ann (Wal- lace) Heymer, the second of a family of five chil- dren. His father and mother were also natives of New York, the former born January 28, 1797, and the latter, August 26, 1804; and they were married in that city July 2, 1822, by the Right Rev. Bishop Connelly. On the maternal side he is of Scottish descent. His parents being well off in worldly goods during his early boyhood, he received a good education ; but, his father dying young and his mother meeting with reverses, and losing all of her property, he was apprenticed to the printer's trade when still a lad. At the age of eighteen he was foreman of a stereotype foun- dry in New York. When the art of electrotyping was discovered, being in the same line, he of course adopted that ; and he followed its growth from the crude plating of its infancy to the skilled productions of the present day. He continued as foreman, having charge of some of the larg- est offices in the country, until about 1877, when he started in business for himself, founding the present house. Brusque and impetuous in his ac- tions, all his faults were on the surface ; and he was widely respected for his honesty, good work, and kindness of heart. He served in the Civil War as a member of the " Merchant's Guard," Forty-seventh Regiment, Massachusetts Volun- teers ; and the high character of his services is thus referred to in a letter from Colonel Lucius B. Marsh, the commander of the regiment : " I first became acquainted with him as a member and J. C. HEYMER. him — J. C. Heymer sent to Harvard, monthly, a report of it. Recognizing his worth and ability, I appointed him commissary sergeant of the regi- ment. He greatly assisted me in settling up each company's account with the government ; and so accurate and careful was he to follow in the line of the government's requirements that the Forty- seventh Regiment was, I believe, the first regi- ment which settled fully with it. When the Sixti- eth Regiment was raised, I had considerable to do in preparing it for the field. I had appointed John C. Heymer quartermaster, with the rank of first lieutenant. . . . .\t the close of the service of this regiment he settled its accounts with the gov- ernment. The Si.xty-second Regiment was being recruited at my office, and was nearly completed, when the war ceased. The most active man was Lieutenant Heymer. The colonel was to be Ansel D. Wass, and Lieutenant Heymer was to be quartermaster ; and he was fully qualified for that position. I valued his services very highly. He was very useful to me, and to the government, which needs in time of war for every regiment, every brigade, division, and army corps, men of 654 MEN OF PROGRESS. his capacity and peculiar ability, with his sterling integrity. In him I had the fullest confidence, so that, when I had retired from active service in the army, it was my pleasure to recommend him ; and he was placed in position of responsibility and trust. Company A was recruited under the au- spices of Harvard College. . . . The late Governor Washburn marched in with the company from Cambridge, and made some remarks as he turned it over to me in front of my store. . . . When I began to recruit my regiment, it was called the ' Merchant's Guard ' ; and it bore that name until the number was given to me at the State House. It was so named because I was the only merchant up to that time who had commanded a regiment in the war." Charles Beck also wrote in a letter to Governor Andrew, under date of February, 1865, respecting Lieutenant Heymer : "He is a man of intelligence, good education, and irre- proachable character. Nearly three years ago he enlisted in the Forty-seventh Regiment ; and his intelligence pointed him out, during his connection w'ith that regiment, as a suitable person for the performance of administrative duties." Mr. Hey- mer was a member of Charles Beck Post, No. 56, Cambridge. He was' married December 27, 1849, to Miss Caroline M. Stevens, of Cairo, N.Y. They had two sons : Frederic W. and John E. Heymer, the latter associated with his father in the electrotyping business. HODGKINS, David Webb, M.D., of East Brookfield, is a native of Maine, born in Jefferson, July 31, 1834, son of David and Catherine Webb (Hussey) Hodgkins. On the paternal side he is descended, in the seventh generation, from Kenelm Winslow, of the Plymouth Colony, and on the maternal side from the Webb family, who for many generations have filled an honorable place in Maine history, one of whose kindred oc- cupied the White House in the person of Lucy Webb Hayes. His great-great-grandfather, David Hodgkins, was a soldier of the Revolution ; and his grandfather was in the War of 18 12. His education was acquired in the public schools, at the Newcastle Academy and through private study. He first followed teaching for several years in Maine, and was afterward some time connected with the business department of Rut- gers Female Institute, New York City. In 1859 he began the study of medicine with Dr. William Newman, of New York, subsequently entering the College of Physicians and Surgeons, from which he graduated in March, 1862. Immediately after graduation he entered the hospital service of a large city institution, where he remained two years, leaving to enter the United States service as acting assistant surgeon United States army. He served in the latter capacity from May, 1862, until discharged July 31, 1S65. After his return from the army he began regular practice, estab- lishing himself in Waldoborough, Me. He met with good success; but, an advantageous opening appearing in East Brookfield, he removed thither DAVID W- HODGKINS. in the spring of 1868. Here he has since re- mained. He has been one of the medical exami- ners for the county of ^^'orcester for the past eighteen years, or since his first appointment in 1877. Dr. Hodgkins has served his town as a selectman, a member of the School Committee for twenty years, and one of the Board of Trustees of the Merrick Public Library (a munificent gift to the town from the late Judge Merrick) for twenty- five years. He represented his district in the State Legislature in 1881-82. He has been a justice of the peace since 1874. In politics, he has always been a Republican, and in religious faith a Baptist, having been a communicant of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 655 Baptist Church since early manhood. He is an active citizen, and interested in all things affect- ing the prosperity of the community, whether physical, intellectual, or moral. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the AA'orcester District Medical Society ; and he be- longs to the Masonic fraternity. Dr. Hodgkins was married first, (Dctober 15, 1857, to Miss Clara S. Noyes, of Jefferson, Me. She died in 1S59, leaving an infant son, Fred Pierce Hodg- kins. He married second. May 17, 1866, Miss Martha A. Browning, of New York. By this union were five children, three of whom survive : Isabelle Marion, David Harwood, and Chester Hussev Hodgkins. one. All of his education, aside from the instruc- tion received from the common schools of Siur- bridge, which he attended summers until ten years old, winters until si.xteen years old, was obtained after that time, and through his own in- dividual effort without any outside assistance. He was a pupil first in the Quaboag Seminary in Warren, and afterward at Monson Academy, Monson ; and, while teaching school for five winters, he continued his studies, giving all his spare time to them. He began his medical studies with Dr. Alvan Smith, of Monson, and continued them in the Berkshire Medical College, HOLBROOK, William, M.D., of Palmer, was born in Sturbridge, Worcester County, June 23, 1S23, son of Erasmus and Betsey (Smith) Hol- brook. He is a descendant in the eighth genera- tion of Thomas Holbrook, of Brantry, England, who at the age of thirty-four sailed in the ship "Record'' from Weymouth, England, "ye 20th of March, 1635-6, bound for New England," with " Jane, his wife, aged thirty-four years, and children, — John, his sonne, aged eleven years, Thomas, Jr., his sonne, aged ten years," — and settled in Weymouth, his name appearing on the record in 1640. Thomas. Jr., settled in Braintree in 1653. married Johanna , had five chil- dren, and died in July, 1697. Deacon Peter, son of Thomas, 2d, married t^lizabeth Pool, settled in Mendon in 1680, and had eleven children. The lands he distributed to his sons were mostly in Bellingham. John, fourtli generation, son of Deacon Peter, married Hannah Pool, had eight children, died in 1765, aged eighty-si.K. Fifth generation, John, son of John, born 172 i, married Patience Fisher in 1747, settled in Sturbridge, had nine children. Si.xth generation. Lieutenant John, son of John, born 1751, a lieutenant in the Revolution, married Lucretia Babbett, had ten children, died in 1830, eighty-seven years old. Seventh generation, Erasmus, son of Lieutenant John, born in 1793, married Betsey Smith in i8ig, had ten children, died in 1849, fifty-si.x years old. Eighth generation, William Holbrook, his son, the subject of this sketch. Dr. Holbrook was born on a farm owned by his father, and which had be- longed to his grandfather and great-grandfather, and lived and worked there until he was twenty- WM. HOLBROOK. where he spent the summer and autumn of 1846. In the autumn of 1847 he entered the New York Medical University, and was there graduated in the spring of 1848. Immediately thereafter he entered upon the practice of his profession in Bondsville (a village in the town of Palmer). Here, however, he remained but a short time, re- moving in July, 1849, to "Palmer Depot," where he established a drug store in connection with his practice. In 1858 he was appointed consulting physician and surgeon at the State Almshouse in Monson. Early in the Ci\'il War period he was commissioned by Governor John A. Andrew as- sistant surgeon of the Tenth Massachusetts In- 656 MEN OF PROGRESS. fantry (June 21, 1861, date of the muster), and on January 13, 1862, was promoted to the rank of surgeon, and assigned to the Eighteenth Massachusetts Regiment. Soon after he was appointed surgeon in chief of the First Brigade, First Division, Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, and subsequently chief operator in the brigade; and he also had charge of the Brigade Hospital at Beverly Ford, Va., through the winter of 1863 and 1864. While in the service, he par- ticipated in nearly all the principal battles in which the Army of the Potomac was engaged up to the time that Petersburg was invested. He was mustered out in September, 1864, and re- turned to his practice in Palmer. In April, 1876, he was appointed physician to the State Primary School at Monson, and continued in that position until August, 1886. He is still consulting physician there. He was pension ex- aminer from 1865 to 1892, when he resigned. Since 1877 he has been one of the medical examiners of Hampden County, first appointed by Governor Rice. While holding these posi- tions, he has been actively engaged in extensive general practice in medicine and surgery. He has been a member of the Hampden District and Massachusetts Medical societies since 1854. Dr. Holbrook has also been active in public affairs. After returning from the war, he was appointed in the autumn of 1864 to fill a vacancy in the School Board of Palmer, and continued on the board for about twelve years. At different times he has been a member of the Board of Health of the town. In 1882 he was a representative in the Legislature for the Second Hampden District. In politics, originally a Whig, he is now a Repub- lican. Under President Fillmore he was post- master of Palmer Depot in 1850. He has served on various Republican town and county commit- tees. He is a leading member of the Eastern Hampden Agricultural Society, having been sec- retary from soon after the granting of its charter, and president of the organization many times. From 1884 to 1893 he was a member also of the State Board of Agriculture. He has been con- nected with the Masonic fraternity since 1858, and is a charter member and past commander of L. L. Merrick Post, No. 107, Grand Army of the Republic. Dr. Holbrook was married February 24, 1850, to Miss Clara Belknap, of Sturbridge. They have a son and two daughters : William Edward (born July 25, 1852), Clara B. (born August 20, 1856), and Idella Louise Holbrook (born July 20, 1865). CHAS. J. HOLMES. HOLMES, Charles Jarvis, of Fall River, banker, was born in Rochester, March 4, 1834, son of Charles J. and Louisa (Haskell) Holmes. His ancestry is traced back to times in early Eng- lish history. The founder of the Holmes family is said to have been one John Holmes, wiio took his surname from Stockholm, the capital of his native country. He came to England as a volun- teer, with the army of William, Duke of Nor- mandy, in the year 1066. " Being of ancient fam- ily and of handsome conduct, he was noticed by William himself, and made a captain in his army ; and, having performed his part to the satisfaction of the Conqueror, he was rewarded by him with an estate in Yorkshire. He and his descendants continued in possession of this estate until the reign of King John, in the beginning of the thir- teenth century, at which time Hugh Holmes was the head of the family. Incurring the displeas- ure of King John in the controversies of that turbulent period, Hugh fled to the northward, and found safety at Mardale, having for refuge a cave, still known as ' Hugh's Cave.' He subsequently purchased the Dalesmans estate, which is still in MEN OF PROGRESS. 657 possession of his descendants." Mr. Holmes's first ancestor in America, from wlioni lie directly descends, was William Holmes, of Scituate, born in 1592, died at Marshfield, 1678. His eldest son, John, was ordained pastor of the chnrch in Duxbury in 1659, being the second pastor of the second church in Plymouth Colony. Three other sons — Josiah, Abraham, and Isaac — with others, were the early settlers of Rochester ; and Abra- ham became town treasurer in 1698. Abraham, Ills son Experience, his grandson Experience, his great-grandson Abraham, and his great-great- grandson Charles J. Holmes, five generations, lie buried in the Holmes family lot in the cemetery at Rochester. The subject of this sketch was educated at the academy at Rochester and the public and private schools of Eall River. He left the High School at the age of nineteen, to enter the Massasoit Bank as a clerk. When twen- ty-one, he was elected treasurer of the Eall River Eive Cents Savings Bank, then just organized, and within a year was elected cashier of the Wamsutta Bank, now the Second National Bank, which had just obtained a charter from the Legis- lature. These positions he has continuously held. Upon the establishment of the Eall River I'ublic Library, in i860, he was elected one of the si.x trustees of that institution, and has since filled that position with the exception of the year 1879. Mr. Holmes has also served the city in various other capacities, and represented it, and the sena- torial district in both branches of the Legislature. He was alderman during the years 1S85-88 and 1889, member of the School Committee fifteen years, member of the House of Representatives in 1873, and of the Senate in 1877 and 1878, serv- ing as chairman of the committees on banking and on labor. He is chairman of the Civil Ser- vice Commission, president of several manufact- uring corporations, and personally identified with many of the religious and benevolent societies and associations of his city. At the age of twenty- three he connected himself with the Central Con- gregational Church of Fall River, and has ever since been an active member, and for a number of years the senior deacon of that church. When a young man, Mr. Holmes was very fond of and excelled in all athletic games and sports, playing in cricket and base-ball matches for more than twenty years. Mr. Holmes is widely known in banking circles throughout the State from the position he has held for many years as chairman of the committee of the Associated Savings Banks of Massachusetts. I'o this committee is assigned the duty of a general supervision of all matters of legislation, national and State, affecting the in- terests of savings-banks. Eor the last thirty years in the discharge of these duties, it has been assigned to him to appear before the committee of ways and means and the banking committee of the House of Representatives, and the committee of finance on the part of the United -States Senate, and present the claims of sa\'ings-banks for favor- able consideration ; and marked success has at- tended his efforts in that direction. Mr. Holmes was married May 4, 1858, to Miss Mary A. Remington, daughter of Joshua and Joanna Rem- ington, of Fall River. They have three children : Mary L., Anna ("., and Charles L. Holmes. HOLMES, Horace Marshall, M.D., of .\dams, is a native of Vermont, born in Water- ville, November 2, 1826, son of Jesse C. and Orinda (Oakes) Holmes. His ancestors emi- grated early in the history of the country from H. M. HOLMES. Scotland, and settled in Beterborough, N.H., where his father was born. He received his earl)- education in the schools of his native town, and 658 MEN OF PROGRESS. finished at the Bakersfield Academical Institute at Bakersfield, Vt. His medical studies were pur- sued with the late Drs. H. H. and T. Childs, and at the Berkshire Medical College, where he grad- uated in 1852. Settling in Adams, he began prac- tice soon after his graduation, and has been actively engaged in his profession there ever since. He has never sought public honors nor aspired to public life, having found his chosen calling, with such influence as pertains to it, more congenial to his taste ; but he has been called to various posi- tions in which he has done good service. He was for several years a member of the Adams School Committee and chairman of the Board of Health, and in 1878 and 1879 represented his district, composed of Adams and North Adams, in the State Legislature, both terms serving on the com- mittee on public health. Dr. Holmes became a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1857, and was for two years president of the Berkshire Medical Society. He is a charter mem- ber of the Berkshire Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, and was two years master of the lodge ; and he is also connected with other Masonic organizations. He was married October 1 1 , 1855, to Miss Helen C. Ross, daughter of Merrick Ross, of Pittsfield, and has a daughter and son : Jesse R., now wife of Charles E. Legate, of Adams ; and Dr. Harry Bigelow Holmes, now associated with him in his practice. Mrs. Holmes died in 1880. HOMER, THO.\rAS Johnston, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Roxbury (now Boston), July iS, 1858, in the house in which he lives. His father was Thomas Johnston Homer, of Boston, for many years a merchant in St. Louis ; and his mother is Mary Elizabeth Homer, daughter of Jabez Fisher, of Boston. He is de- scended in the eighth generation from Edward Homer, of Ettingshall, parish of Sedgley, Stafford- shire, England ; in the si.\th from Captain John Homer, who came to Boston in a vessel, of which he was a part-owner, in 1690, and was the founder of the American branch of the family ; in the eighth generation also, on the paternal side, from Samuel Green of Cambridge, about 1635, and Boston, 1686, first printer of America, who printed Eliot's translations into the Indian lan- guage, and was "college and colony printer" for about fifty years ; in the fifth generation from Michael Homer, of Boston, one of the master- builders of the Old South Meeting-house, and from Thomas Johnston, of Boston, who made the first organ made in the town, for old Christ Church ; is grandson of Joseph \\'arren Homer, of Boston, a custom-house officer, and for sev- eral years president of the Massachusetts Chari- table Society, of whicii he was a member for sixty- two years. On the maternal side he is descended in the fourth generation from Thomas Fisher, of Sharon (then Stoughtonham), who enlisted in the Revolutionary War in 1776, at the age of fifteen. Mr. Homer is a graduate of the Roxbury Latin School, of Harvard College in the class of 1879, and of the Harvard Law School in the class of 1882. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in January, 1883, in the following June to practice in the Circuit Court of the United States, and in April, 1885, to practice in the United States Court of Claims in Washington. During his col- lege days he spent a summer in Europe, and after graduation he made the tour of the Pacific slope, visiting Alaska ; and his business has since taken him on various occasions West and South. His practice is a general one, but in recent years THOS. J. HOMER. has been largely connected with real estate trusts and the settlement of estates. For several years he has been one of the examining counsel of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 659 ('onvey^ncers' Title Insurance Company of Bos- ton, and a manager of the Home for Children and Aged Women in Roxbury. He is a member of the Bar Association of the City of Boston, and of the Titfin and Abstract Clubs, and a former member of the University Club and the Boston Athletic Association. His favorite sport for many vears past has been canoeing down the more rapid rivers of the New England and Middle States and of Canada, and he was one of the " .American Crew" of the "Viking" upon its journey by water from New York to the World's P'air in Chicago in 1893. He has written occasionally for pub- lication. In politics he is a Democrat. .Mr. Homer is unmarried. tis," read before the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety in Boston, June 7, 1887; "Treatment of Uterine Myo-fibromata by .\bdominal Hystere- IRISH, John Carroll, M.D., of Lowell, is a native of Maine, born in Buckfield, September 30, 1843, son of Cyrus and Catherine (Davis) Irish. He was educated at Waterville College, Maine, and at Dartmouth College, where he received the degree of .\.B. in 1S68. His medical studies were pursued at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in New York, from which he graduated with his degree in 1S72. He began practice in his native town immediately after graduation, and remained there until November, 1874, when he removed to Lowell, where he has since been engaged in the practice of surgery almost e.xclusively, giving especial attention to abdominal surgery. While practising in Buckfield, he was a member of the board of examining surgeons of pensions in Maine. He has been medical examiner for the district since 1877, first by appointment of Governor Rice, at the expiration of his term of seven years, by re- appointment of Governor Robinson and subse- quently of Governor Russell. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the .\meri- can -Vcademy of Medicine, and honorary member of the Vermont State Medical Society. Dr. Irish has been a frequent contributor of papers on medical topics to various societies which have been published in the journals of the profession. The most noteworthy in the list are : " Reasons for the Early Removal of Ovarian Tumors," pub- lished in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, April 10, 1884; "A Discussion of the Statistics of Ovariotomy," Ibid., August 19, 1886; "Two and One-half Years' Experience in Abdominal Sur- gery," Ibid.. December 27, 1888; "Laparotomy for Pus in the Abdominal Cavitv and for Peritoni- ^^1 w-rjfm. ^ \% -'y J. C. IRISH. otomy," read before the Massachussetts Medical Society, June 10, 1890. Since 1890, as the range of cases to the treatment of which abdominal sur- gery has been applied has greatly enlarged. I )r. Irish's work has been largely confined to this branch of surgery, so that in this specialty he is one of the .\merican authorities, who have recently contributed much to its advancement. Dr. Irish was married July 17, 1872, to Miss .\nnie March Frye, daughter of Major \\'illiam R. Frye, of Lew- iston, Me. JACKSON, J.AMES Frederick, of Fall River, member of the bar, was born in Taunton, Novem- ber 13, 185 1, son of Elisha T. and Caroline S. (Fobes) Jackson. He was educated in the public schools and at Harvard College, graduating in the class of 1873 ; and his law studies were pursued in the Boston University Law School and in the office of the Hon. Edward H. Bennett. .Admitted to the bar in 1875, he began practice at Fall River in the autumn of that year. He held the position of city solicitor for eight years, ending December. 1888, and then was made mayor of the city, in 66o MEN OF PROGRESS. which office he served two terms, 1889 and 1890. He is now (1895) associated with David F. Slade and Richard P. Borden in the law firm of Jack- JAMES F. JACKSON. son, Slade, & Borden, which has one of the largest clientages in South-eastern Massachusetts. He has served as a line, staff, and field officer of the First Regiment Infantry of the State militia, leav- ing the service in 1891 as lieutenant colonel. In politics he is Republican. He is a member of the University Club of Boston, of the Wamsutta Club of New Bedford, of the Quequechan Club, and of the Harvard Club of Fall River, being now presi- dent of the latter. Mr. Jackson was married June 15, 1882, to Miss Caroline S. Thurston, of Fall River, daughter of Eli Thurston, U.D. They have one child : Edith Jackson, aged eleven 3-ears. J.\CKSON, WiLLi.\M Henry, of Boston, artist, was born in Watertown, August 13, 1832, son of Antipas and Mary (Clapp) Jackson. He is on the paternal side of the eighth generation born in America. He was educated in the common schools of his native town. After learning con- struction and the use of tools with a carpenter in the village, he entered the office of Whitwell & Henck, civil engineers, in Boston, and studied en- gineering. While with this firm he was employed on the original surveys for the improvement of the Back Bay. He was ne.xt engaged as assistant in the city engineer's office, under Mr. Cheesboro, and remained in the city's employ until April, 1861, when the Civil War broke out. Then he left the profession of engineering, and trained a company for the service, being elected first lieutenant of Company C, Fourth Battalion of Rifles, Major Leonard commanding. He had previously been connected with the Boston Light Infantry, Com- ]3any A, First Regiment, Massachusetts militia, having joined that organization in May, 1858. The Fourth Battalion was soon sent down the harbor to garrison Fort Independence ; and he was detailed and attached to the staff of General Bul- lock, and sent to Long Island to prepare camps for the Ninth and Eleventh Massachusetts Regi- ments. On the 1 6th of July he was mustered into the service of the United States with his regiment as first lieutenant Company C, Thirteenth Regi- ment, Massachusetts Volunteers, Colonel Leonard commanding. The regiment was at once sent to the front, landing at Hagerstown, Md., and picketed the Potomac River from Darnestown to Hancock. In September, 1861, Lieutenant Jackson was pro- moted to a captaincy. He was in the battles of Bolivar, Falling Waters, Dam No. 5, Hancock, Martinsburg, Winchester, Newtown, Sugar Moun- tain, Rappahannock Station, Thoroughfare Gap, Bull Run, and Chantille. In October, 1862, he was promoted to major of the Second Regiment, Cavalry, Colonel Lowell, and recruited the Third Battalion in Worcester. He resigned from the service, disabled, and was mustered out in March, 1863. Thereupon he returned to the profession of engineering, opening an office in Niles Block, School Street, Boston. In the autumn of 1864 he was sent to Colorado to examine and report upon some mining property there. Subsequently the Mammoth Gold Mining Company was organized, and in the spring of 1865 he was sent out to Colorado to manage the property as agent. Like most of the gold mining companies, this company failed, being unable to work the ores by the proc- esses then in existence, and was closed out. Major Jackson then went into the lumber business, hav- ing a water-mill at Platte Canyon. In the spring of 1868 he sold out this property, and returned to Boston, where he again opened an engineer's office. In 1878 he sold the business of this office to his brother, Charles F. Jackson, and devoted MEN OF PROGRESS. 66 1 himself to the study of art, having ahx'ady i;ivcn sonic time, in 1874-75, to drawing studies with the late l*r. W'ilHam Rimmer. He was the pupil at different times of J. J. Enneking, Du Rlois, Thomaso Juglais, and Otto Grundmann. In the autumn of 1875 he assisted in organizing the Massachusetts Rifle Association, which did its shooting for some time at Spy Pond, and after- ward purchased the property and laid out W'alnut Hill Range in W'oburn, which is one of the most successful ranges in the country. On November .:o, 1875, Major Jackson for the first time shot a target rilie in a match, using the rilie of a friend. Then he purchased and shot a Maynard rifle. Shooting off-hand two hundred yards, on .\ugust iG, 1876, he won his first prize, a Remington long- range rifle, shooting against all comers. He prac- tised long range with William Gerrish on the marshes of Chelsea until the range at Walnut Hill was opened for long range. Entering the com- petitions for a place upon the American Team, he won the position. He shot in the match on September 13 and 14, 1877, America against Great Ilritain, when the .-Vmericans beat the the highest score, 433 out of a possible 450, which was four points better than the highest score of the previous year's shooting. In the three con- secutive days' shooting in the tournament at Creedmore for the championship, in 1879, he won against all America, making 206-213-214, total 633, four points above Sumner, the next man. He won first place on the team to go to Ireland in the spring of 1870. The team shot the match at Dolymount, Dublin, the last of June, and beat the Irishmen. After the match there were individual matches the following tiiree days, and Major Jack- son won the Abercorn Cup and a number of minor prizes. The team then went over to Eng- land, and attended the Wimbledon meeting, where Major Jackson was very successful, winning many prizes and medals. Upon his return to America the long-range rifle practice began to wane and the interest to die out, until 1885 there was no long- range practice with the small bore. With the military arm long-distance practice has taken the place of the small bore, not making such good scores, but being more practical. The small-bore practice was only a gentleinanly amusement, while the military is for real service. Major Jackson has not shot in matches for a number of years, but has devoted his whole attention to art matters. He is a member of the lioston Art Club, chosen to the board of managetiient in 1894, and member of the Megantic Fish and Game Club. He was married March 9, 1865, to Miss .\lice Holmes, of Boston. They have no children. W. H. JACKSON. ISritish ninety-two points in the two days. He was captain of the American Team in 1878, when the "walk-over" was shot in September, making JEWETT, Henry Alfred, M.I)., of North- borough, was born in Pepperell, January 14, 1820, son of Henry and Rebecca (Blood) Jewett. Mis paternal grandfather was Edmund Jewett, and his maternal grandfather John Blood, both also of Pepperell. He was educated at the Pepperell Academy. His training for his profession was largely under the tuition of Dr. Nehemiah Cutter of Pepperell and at the Pennsylvania Medical College in Philadelphia, where he was graduated in 1847. He began the practice of his profession in 1847 at Hampton, N.H., and, after remaining there a year, removed to Northborough, where he has been established ever since in the enjoy- ment of a successful business. On Jifly 1 i. 1877, he was appointed medical examiner for his dis- trict, and still holds the office. He is a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of 662 MEN OF PROGRESS. the Worcester 1 )istrict Medical Society. He be- longs to the United Order of the Golden Cross, member of the Unity Commandery of that institu- ^: Salem as a practitioner of medicine. In October, 1869, he went abroad, and further pursued medical studies in Berlin during the two succeeding win- ters, and in Vienna through the spring and early summer of 1870. In April, 187 1, he resumed his practice in Salem. He became secretary for many years, and for two years president, of the Essex South District Massachusetts Medical So- ciety. He also became correspondent, and con- tributor to the Reports, of the Massachusetts State Board of Health, and so continued for several years. In 1873 he read an essay on the '' Physiological Limitations of Religious Experi- ence " before the Essex South Congregational Club, which led, by invitation, to the delivery of nine lectures on the " Physiological Control of Religious Teachings " before the students of the Andover Theological Seminary. In 1876 he was a delegate from the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety to the International Medical Congress in Philadelphia. In 1877 he served on a commis- sion of three persons to examine and report upon the sewerage system needed for Salem. During the same year, upon the formation of the Massa- H. A. JEWETT. tion. In politics he is a Republican. Dr. Jewett was married in May, 1849, to Miss Sarah Abbie Lawrence, of Hampton, N.H. They have one son and two daughters : Henry Lawrence, Annie Re- becca, and Plorence Leavitt (Jewett) Hatch. JOHNSON, Amos Howe, M.D., of Salem, was born in Boston, August 4, 1831, son of Samuel Johnson, merchant, of the firm of J. C. Howe & Co., and of Charlotte Abigail (Howe) Johnson, daughter of Captain William Howe, of Brook- field. His preparatory education was acquired at the Chauncy Hall School, Boston, at Brookfield Family School from 1843 to 1847, ^"d ^t Phillips (Andover) Academy from 1847 to 1849. He graduated from Harvard College in 1853, and from Andover Theological Seminary in 1856. For nearly five years, from January, 1857, to October, 1 86 1, he was pastor of the Congregational Church in the town of Middleton, Essex County. In the spring of 1862 he entered the Harvard Medical School, received his degree of M.D. in 1865, and in the autumn of the following year settled in ^IK, A. H. JOHNSON. chusetts Medico-Legal Society, he was elected, and still continues to be, an associate member. He was for fifteen years a member of the medical MEN OF PROGRESS. 663 staff of the Salem Hospital. He has been a member of the consulting board of physicians of the Danvers Asylum for the Insane since its for- mation, and is at present its chairman. He was appointed orator of the Massachusetts Medical Society for its anniversary in June, 1883, and later was elected president of the society for two years from June, 1890. Dr. Johnson has served in the State Legislature : as a representative for the towns of Middleton, Saugus, and Lynnfield in 1862 ; and was for three years on the Salem School Committee. In 1868, two years after he began practice in Salem, he was made secretary of the Essex Institute, a position he resigned on going abroad in 1869. He has held the office of deacon of the South Church, Salem, for many years, and was president of the Essex Congrega- tional Club from 1889 to 1891. He was vice- president of the Alumni Association of the Har- vard Medical School for 1892 and 1893. Dr. (ohnson was married September 22, 1857, to Miss Frances Seymour Benjamin, daughter of Nathan Benjamin, of Williamstown, and Mary A. (Wheeler) Benjamin, of New York, missionaries to Athens, (Greece, and to Constantinople. His children are : Samuel Johnson, 2d, now a member of the firm of C. F. Hovey & Co., Boston ; Meta Benjamin, wife of Francis H. Bergen, of Staten Island, N.Y. ; Amy H. ; Captain Charles A., of Colorado Na- tional Cuard, and real estate and rental broker, Denver; Philip S., agent in New York for the commission house of Foster Brothers, Boston ; and Ralph S. Johnson, student. JOHNSON, Edward Francis, of Marlborough and Boston, member of the bar, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Hollis, Octo- ber 21, 1842, son of Noah and Letitia M. (Clag- gett) Johnson. His great-great-grandfather on the paternal side settled in Hollis, buying the homestead which has been in the family since, and which Mr. Johnson now owns. The family is connected with the Johnsons of W'oburn and Salem. His mother was of the Claggett family of Londonderry, N.H., and related to the Mc- Questions of that section. Both families are Scotch-Irish Presbyterians. He was educated in the district school, at Crosby's Academical School, Nashua, N.H., and at Dartmouth College, grad- uating in July, 1864. His law studies were pur- sued at the Harvard Law School and at Mr. Barrett's otVice, Nashua, N.ii., till October, i866, when he was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County. He established himself in Marlborough in April, 1867, and has since continued there, having also an office in Boston, which he first opened in 1872, dividing his time between the two places. He has served as judge of the Police Court of Marl- borough since its establishment in 1885. He has held no political office or been a candidate for such office, his time having been fully occupied with his professional work in Marlborough and Boston. Though having a general practice, he has been especially concerned with real estate law. E. F. JOHNSON. probate matters, and land cases. He is also a director of the First National Bank of Marlborough. In politics he is a Republican, and has served on various State, county. Congressional, and town committees. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a member of United Brethren Lodge, Marlborough, and of Houghton Royal Arch Chap- ter. Mr. Johnson was married June i, 1870, to Miss Arabella G. Carleton, of Lynn. They have three daughters : Mabel, Elizabeth, and Grace Johnson. JOHNSON, William Louis, M.D., of Uxbridge, was born in Southborough, October 23, 1856, son 664 MEN OF PROGRESS. of Henry Flavel and PLvmice Sophia (Fay) John- son. He is a descendant of William Johnson who came from Canterbury, Kent County, England. Johnson was married September 12, 1883, to Miss Catherine Adelaide Capron, of Uxbridge. They have had three children: Dora Lucille (born Jan- uary 22, 18S6), Grace Capron (born July 16, 1887), and Beulah Messinger Johnson (born August 26, 1892). KENDAIjL, EnwARH, of Cambridge, head of the Charles River Iron Works, was born in the town of Holden, Worcester County, December 3, 1821, son of Caleb and Dolly (Sawyer) Kendall. His parents were of Boylston. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm, between farm work and study in the village school. When he became of age, he made his first business venture, starting out in the lumber trade. This, however, was not successful; and in 1847, removing to Boston, he became an apprentice in the West Boston Machine Shop. Here he made rapid progress, nine months after entering being transferred to the boiler de- partment, and soon after becoming its superin- tendent. He held the latter position for eleven years, during that time paying off the debts he had W. L. JOHNSON. and settled in Charlestown in 1634. William's children were active in the Indian wars of 1744 and 1755, and his descendants freely offered their lives and several gained distinction in the Revo- lution. Two were present at the surrender of Burgoyne, October 17, 1777. William Louis was educated in the public schools of Cambridge. He studied medicine with his father, a noted and suc- ces.sful Boston physician, and at the Harvard Medical School, entering in 1875, and graduating in 1878. He began practice in Cambridge, but in 1879 removed to U.xbridge, where he has since resided. He served on the School Committee of the town from 18S3 to 18S6, and has been a trustee of the LLxbridge Public Library since 1888, president of the board since 1893. He was presi- dent of the Thurber Medical Society in 1892 and 1893, and has been a member of the Massachu- setts Medical Society since 1878. He is a Free- mason, member of Solomon's Temple Lodge of Uxbridge, and its master in 1889 and 1890. In politics he is a Republican, and has served on the contracted in his venture in the lumber trade, and Republican town committee for several years, then in i860 entered the business on his own ac- being chairman of the organization in 1S89. Dr. count, establishing the firm of Kendalls Davis, EDWARD KENDALL. MEN OK PROGRESS. 665 with nuichiuc shop at Cambiidycport, and giving attention principally to boiler-making. This was the beginning of the present extensive Charles River Iron Works, of which he is still the head. In 1.S65 the tirm name was changed to Kendall iV Roberts ; and subsequently, upon the admission of Mr. Kendall's sons to partnership, it became Edward Kendall & Sons. During his long suc- cessful career as a manufacturer Mr. Kendall has made numerous improvements and inventions in boiler manufacture, and has become widely known in his trade. As a leader in the temperance cause, to which he has been devoted from his youth, he has long been prominent. In 1886 and 18S7 he was the Prohibitory candidate for Con- gress in the old Fifth District, and in 1893 candi- date on the Prohibitory State ticket for lieutenant governor. He has been a director of the Massa- chusetts Temperance Alliance since 1888, and was for two years president of the Cambridge Temperance Reform Association. He has served in the Genera! Court as a representative for Cam- bridge two terms, 1875 and 1876, and three terms, 1871-72-73, in the Cambridge Board of Aldermen. Since 1890 he has been a trustee of the Cambridgeport Savings Bank. In religious faith he is a Congregationalist, and was one of the founders and the first deacon of the Pilgrim Con- gregational Church of Cambridgeport. He is a member of the Congregational Club of Boston and of the Cambridge Club of Cambridge. Mr. Kendall was married December 16, 1847, ^^ P^^" ton, to Miss Reliance Crocker, daughter of Solomon and Abigail (Warren) Crocker. They have had four children : Edward (deceased), Emma (deceased), George Frederick, and James Henry Kendall. LEWIS, EnwiN Charles, of Boston, electri- cian, was born in the Charlestown District, April 2, 1866, son of Charles E. and Jeanette (Rogers) Lewis. He is of English descent, and his first an- cestors in America settled in Virginia early in the present century. His paternal grandfather was captain of a Mississippi steamer which was blown up in 1841 while racing on the river. He was educated in the Bunker Hill School, Charlestown, and at evening school, where he took a two years' course. After leaving school, he entered the ser- vice of the Atlantic & Pacific Telegraph Company, and remained with that company until it consoli- dated with the Western Union 'I'elegraph Com- pany. Then he continued with the latter until 1884, when he decided to study architecture, and entered the office of Cabot & Chandler, architects. After four years there he returned to the elec- trical field, and entered the employ of a large electrical company of Boston, beginning at the bottom, and working up in two years to the head of the estimating department. In 1892 he took all the contracts which that firm had on hand, also the men, and carried the work to successful com- pletion. Since that time he has had much large work, especially in the fitting of office buildings, EDWIN C. LEWIS. his contracts including the buildings of the Mas- sachusetts (jeneral Hospital corporation in Bos- ton and at Waverley for the McLean Asylum, to complete the electrical installation of which has taken two years ; the .\mes Building, Devonshire Building, and Jefferson Building, among the largest in the city. Mr. Lewis was married July 20, 1891, to Miss Alice G. Canterbury. LINCOLN, Leontine, of Fall River, manu- facturer, is a native of Fall River, born December 26, 1846, son of Jonathan Thayer and Abby (Luscomb) Lincoln. He is a descendant of 666 MEN OF PR0(;KKSS. Thomas Lincoln, who settled in Taunton in 1652, the PubUc Library since 1878, secretary and having previously settled in Hingham. He was treasurer of the board since 1879; a member and educated in the public schools of Fall River the secretary of the Board of Trustees of the B. M. C. Durfee High School since 18S7, and a trustee of the Home for Aged People for some time. He has taken a warm interest in popular education, and has written and spoken much on educational subjects. His politics are Repub- lican, and he has contributed to the discussion of political and economic questions in articles in the periodical press and in occasional addresses. He is a member of the Old Colony Historical Society. In 1889 he received the honorary degree of A.IVL from Brown Llniversity. Mr. Lincoln was mar- ried May 12, 1868, to Miss Amelia Sanford Dun- can, daughter of the Rev. John and ^Liry A. 1 )uncan. They have two sons : Jonathan Thayer (born November 6, 1869) and Leontine Lincoln, Jr. (born August 6, 1872). LOVELL, Charles Edward, M.D., of Whit- man, is a native of Vermont, born in Woodstock. April 13, 1861, son of Edward .Sparrow and LEONTINE LINCOLN. and at a private school in Providence, R.L He began business life at the age of nineteen, enter- ing the counting-room of Kilburn, Lincoln, &: Co., a concern of which his father was one of the founders. In 1872 he became treasurer of the company, succeeding E. C. Kilburn, who then retired from the business, which position he has since held. This company is now among the largest loom-builders in the country. Mr. Lin- coln is also connected with numerous other im- portant interests. He is president of the Sea- connet Mills ; director of the Tecumseh Mills, the King Philip Mills, the Hargraves Mills, the Bar- nard Manufacturing Company, and the Crystal Spring Bleaching and Dyeing Company; presi- dent of the Second National Bank, and vice- president of the Fall River Five Cents Savings Bank. He has served for many years in various public positions in Fall River, and since February, 1894, has been a member of the State Board of Lunacy and Charity by appointment of Governor Greenhalge. He has been a member of the School Committee of Fall River since 1879, and C. E. LOVELL. Mary A. (Taft) Lovell. He is descended from Robert Lovell, who was admitted freeman in 1635. chairman of the board since 1888 ; a trustee of His mother was of the branch of the Taft family MEN OF I'ROCRESS. 667 which settled 'I'aftsville, Xi., aiul built up the scythe industry in that place. He was educated in schools in his nati\e place and at the High School in Middleborough, Mass., where he gradu- ated in the English and Latin course in 1881. Subsequently he studied medicine at Dartmouth College, and graduated there in 1884. Upon leaving college, he obtained a position in the Massachusetts State Almshouse Hospital at Tewksbury, where he remained two and a half years. Then, on August, 1887, he began general practice, settled in Whitman, where he has since been actively engaged. He has served the town on the ISoard of Health, occupying the position of .secretary of the board of 1893, and those of chairman and secretary of the present board. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of the Whitman Club. In politics he is a Re- publican, favoring radical reforms in all branches of the government. He has taken an active in- terest in political affairs of late years, and in 1893 served as president of the Republican Club of Whitman. Dr. Lovell was married September 11, 1SS9, to Miss Eugenia F. Bartlett, of Middle- borough. They have one child : Lathrop Bartlett Lo\ell. MARION, Horace Euoene, M.D., of the Brighton District, Boston, was born in Burling- ton, August 3, 1843, son of Abner and Sarah (Prescott) Marion. He is a grandson of John C. Marion of \\'oburn, great-grandson of Isaac Ma- rion, and great-great-grandson of Isaac Marion, both of Boston ; and, on the maternal side, grand- son of Samuel P. Prescott, great-grandson of John Prescott, eldest brother of Dr. Samuel Prescott who joined and rode with Paul Revere, and great- great-grandson of Dr. Abel Prescott, all of Con- cord. Dr. Marion received his education at the Warren Academy, Woburn, the Howe School, Bil- lerica, the Atkinson Academy, Atkinson, N.H., and at Dartmouth College, graduating from the college in 1866, with the degree of M.D. in 1869. Dur- ing the Civil War period he served as a private in the Fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, through its nine months' campaign of 1862-63, and as sergeant in the same regiment for a three months' campaign in 1S64. He began the regular practice of his profession at Brighton in 1870, and has remained there ever since with the exception of about fifteen months in Europe. He served as coroner the last two years before the adoption of the present system, and was physician to the over- seers of the poor of Boston for twenty years, re- signing that post in 1895. He has served also in the State militia, as assistant surgeon of the Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Militia in 1876, surgeon of the Fourth Battalion in 1877, and as the medi- cal director of the First Brigade from 1879 'o '88' • He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety, is now president of tlie Middlese.x South District Medical Society, and member of the Cam- bridge Medical Improvement Society ; member of the University and Art clubs of lioston, of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, and ^^A H. E. MARION. of the Sons of the Revolution. Dr. Marion was married January 14, 18S0, to Miss Catherine Louise Sparhawk. Their children are : Eva Pres- cott, Gardner Sparhawk, and Benjamin Cobb Marion. McKENNEY, Willia.m Augustus, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Boston, born October 9, 1855, son of Charles H. and Susan A. McKenney. He was educated in the Boston public schools. He began active life soon after leaving school, and since his twenty-second year, 1877, has been connected w'ith a single line of business, that of the manufacture and sale of gas fixtures and 668 MEN OF PROGRESS. lamps, engaged in it on his own account since September, 1888, when the present house of McKenney & Waterbury was established. For WM. A. McKENNEY. fifteen years he was a commercial traveller, his field being New England ; and subsequently he made frequent trips abroad for information re- garding the business, becoming thoroughly ac- quainted with the foreign market and the develop- ment of his special branch of trade. He is a member of the Royal Arcanum, of the Commercial Travellers" Association, and of the' Algonquin, Boston Art, and Roxbury clubs. He has avoided official positions of all kinds, devoting himself e.x- clusively to his business, and in politics is unpar- tisan. Mr. McKenney is unmarried. MOORE, Beverly Kenn.\n, of Boston, presi- dent of the Mercantile Law Company, is a native of Maine, born in Biddeford, November 25, 1847, son of Jeremiah and Juliet (Kendal) Moore. He is a descendant on his father's side of Captain Samuel Moore, who settled in Kittery, Me., in i6go, and a direct descendant of William Black- stone, the first settler of Boston ; and on his mother's side of Francis Kendal, who settled in Ipswich, Mass., in 1640, and of Captain George Rogers, one of the early settlers of Georgetown, Me. He was educated in the public schools. After reading law in Boston for about two years, in i86g and 1870, he accepted a responsible posi- tion with a leading mercantile agency in New York, to establish and promote a law and collec- tion department. For the next five years he trav- elled in its interest through the West and South, and afterward in 1876 established a branch in Boston, of which he was manager for about two \ears. Then he went to Louisville, Ky., as super- intendent of the branch in that city of Brad- street's Agency, and continued in that capacity for two years. Returning again to Boston in 1881, he established a law and collection business, which rapidly expanded to large proportions, and developed into the present Mercantile Law Com- pany, incorporated in 1889, with associate offices in all the large cities of the country, of which he is, as president, the head. The company has entire charge of the law and collection department of the Boston Merchants' Association, which department was established by Mr. Moore in 1883, when he first became secretary of that or- BEVERLY K. MOORE. ganization, the office he still holds, member of the law firm of Kendall, Burbank, president of the Associated He is a Moore, & Law and MEN OF PROGRESS. 669 Collection Offices, elected to that position in June, 1 89 1, treasurer of the Home Market Club, and officially connected with other organizations. Mr. Moore has been and is an earnest worker in endeavoring to secure the enactment of a proper national bankruptcy law, and is always interested in matters of public concern. Mr. Moore was married January 5, 1876, to Miss Annie T. Hooper, daughter of Colonel E. H. C. Hooper, of Bidde- ford. They have five children. GEO. H. MORRILL. Jr. terested in all movements for the welfare of his town. He is prominent in the Masonic fraternity, being a thirty-second degree Mason, and mem- ber of the Boston Commandery, Knights Templar, and of Aleppo 'l"emple, Mystic Shrine. He is also an active member of the Ancient and Hon- orable Artillery Company, of the Boston Athletic Association, and of the ]5oston Club. He was married May 9, 1878, to Miss Mary Elizabeth Gilbert. They have one child living : Leon G. Morrill, aged twelve years. Mr. Morrill's resi- dence in Norwood is one of the finest in Norfolk County, and is much admired for its architectural beauty. MORSE, Charles Ei.LswdRrn, M.D., of Ware- ham, is a native of Wareham, born January i, 1867, son of Seth Chatham and Mary Savery (Swift) Morse. He is of Erench descent; and his ancestors first in .America came about the middle of the seventeenth century. Several of them took part in the early wars. He was edu- cated in the common and high schools of Ware- ham and at the Adams Academv, Quincv. His /^' <(gPk ^^^T »> MORRILL, George Henrv, Jr., of Norwood, manufacturer, was born in Woburn, October 18, 1855, son of George Henry and Sarah Bond (Tidd) Morrill. He was educated in the common schools of his native town, and at the English and Classical School at West Newton, which he entered at the age of fourteen, and attended for four years. Then, being eighteen years old, he began to learn the printing-ink business with his father at Norwood ; and he has continued in this business from that time, becoming in 1888 a member of the firm of George H. Morrill & Co., established by his grandfather in 1845, and now ranking first among the printing-ink manufacturers medical studies were pursued at the Harvard of the United States. Mr. Morrill belongs to the Medical School, where he graduated in 1S89. Norwood Business Men's Association, and is in- That year he became assistant physician to the CHAS. E. MORSE. 670 MEN OF PROGRESS. Adams Nervine Asylum, Jamaica Plain, Boston, and continued in that position till 1892, when he engaged in private practice in Jamaica Plain. In December, 1894, he removed to Wareham to enter into partnership with the late Frederic A. Sawyer, M.D., and subsequently succeeded to the latter's practice. Dr. Morse is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of the Boston Medical Library Association. He is con- nected with the Masonic fraternity, a member of Eliot Lodge of Jamaica Plain, Boston, and with the order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Quinobe- quin Lodge, Jamaica Plain. He is unmarried. ^ HENRY C. MORSE. MORSE, Henry Curtis, of Boston, treasurer and manager of the Revere Rubber Company, was born in South Dedham, now Norwood, July 31, 1838, son of Curtis (J. and Fanny (Boyden) Morse. He is of the tenth generation from Samuel Morse, born in England in 1585, died in Medfield 1654, the line running: Samuel Morse'; John Morse,- born 161 1, died 1657 ; Ezra Morse,'' 1643-1697 ; Ezra Morse, ^ 1671-1760; Ezra Morse,'"^ 1694-; Ezra Morse,'' 17 1S-1755 ; Oliver Morse,' 1748-1802; Oliver Morse," 1769-1832; Curtis Morse," 1805-1874; Henry C. Morse,'" 1838. He was educated in the public school of his native town and at Pierce Academy, Middle- borough, where he finished in 1856. He first en- tered business in 1858 as clerk in his father's furni- ture manufacturing establishment, under the firm name of Morse & Webb, South Dedham, and fol- lowed this line of business for twenty-three years as a partner in the firms of Haley, Morse, & Boy- den, Morse &: Boyden, and Henry C. Morse & Co. Then in 18S1 he engaged in rubber manufacture, and three years later was elected treasurer and manager of the Revere Rubber Company, which position he has since held. Mr. Morse is also a director of the Rubber Manufacturers' Mutual In- surance Company, of the Cotton and Woollen Mutual Lisurance Company, and of the Industrial Mutual Insurance Company, and also a director of the Eliot National Bank and a trustee of the Home Savings Bank. He was married January 6, 1869, to Miss Kate Millicent Stetson, of New York. They have no ciiildren. MUNSELL, George Nelson, M.I)., of Har- wich, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Jiurlington, December 14, 1835, son of the Rev. Joseph R. and Louisa (Rider) Munsell. His gen- eral education was acquired in the Hampden and Belfast academies ; and he fitted for his profes- sion at the Harvard Medical School, graduating in April, i860. He first practised for a year in Bradford, Me., and then in 186 1 came to Har- wich. In 1862 he entered the Civil War, being commissioned in July that year first assistant sur- geon of the Thirty-fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. He served till April, 1863, when he resigned on account of ill-health, and returned to Harwich. Since that time he has steadily en- gaged there in active practice. For seventeen years he has served as medical examiner for Barn- stable County. He has long been interested in educational matters, and has served his town as chairman of the School Board for twenty-seven years. In i88g, also, he was elected representa- tive for the Second Barnstable District in the Gen- eral Court. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and has served one year as its vice-president. He is prominently connected with the Grand Army of the Republic, having served seven years as commander of F. D. Hammond Post, No. 141, and on the staff of the National Department. For a year he has been medical di- rector of the State department of the organization. MEN OF I'ROCiRESS. 671 His politics arc RL-puhlican. Dr. Munsell was mar- Coldshorough, and oliiers. He eiUcred iIkj prinl- ricd in June, 1S60, to Miss Elizahetli K. Nicker- uv^ business, upon iiis return from llic war. in Providence, R.I. The next jear, i866, he be- came connected with the firm of Sampson, Daven- port, & Co. in Koston, and ten years later was son, of South Dennis. They have two dauj:;hters : r s» m GEO. N. MUNSELL. Louise H., now the wife of ('harles W. Megathlin, residins; in Hvannis, and Lizzie T. Munsell. MURDOCK, William Edwards, of Boston, publisher of directories, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in Candia, September 15, 1844, son of the Rev. William and Mary J. (Read) Mnrdock. He is of Scotch descent. His great-grandfather, William Murdock, was of Westminster, Mass., and liis grandfather, Artemas Murdock, of West Boyl- ston. He was educated in Massachusetts, attend- ing the Howe Academy in Billerica and the Lancaster Institute, Lancaster. He entered the army the first year of the Civil War as a member of the Twenty-fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Vol- unteers, and served throughout the contest, his term extending from September 17, 1S61, to Au- gust I, 1865. Part of this time he was on de- tached service at headquarters. Department of North Carolina, and headquarters. Army of the James, and the remainder in the field. Eighteenth .Vrmy Corps, taking part in the battles of Roa- noke Lsland, Newbern, Kingston, Whitehall, admitted to partnership. In 1S85 the firm name was changed to Sampson. Murdock, & Co., the present style. Mr. Murdock is prominent in the Masonic fraternity, being past master of Joseph Webb Lodge, and member of the St. Paul's Royal Arch Chapter and of De Molay Conimand- ery. Knights Templar. He is a member also of the Grand Army of the Republic, Post 68 ; treas- urer of the Pilgrim Association, member of the Municipal League of Boston, and of the Master Printers', Boston Art, and Congregational clubs. In politics he is a Republican. He takes a deep interest in matters of public welfare, but has never entered public life, his preference being for the quietness of his home in the Dorchester District of lioston. Mr. Murdock was married Novemljer WM. E. MURDOCK. 29, 1S77, to Miss Ilattie E. Marcy, of Boston. They have no children living. M\'ERS, James Jefferson, of Cambridge, member of the Suffolk bar, practising law in Bos- 672 MEN OF PROGRESS. ton, was born in P"re\vsl)urg in the western part of the State of New York, November 20, 1842, son of Robert and Sabra (Stevens) Myers. He is J. J. MYERS. on the paternal side of the Mohawk Dutch stock of Myers and Van Valkenburg, and on the mater- nal side of the New England families of Tracy and Stevens. His grandparents on both sides were among the pioneer settlers in Western New York : and he still owns the farm where he was born, and which was bought by his grandfather of the Holland Land Company early in this century. He received his early education in the public school of Frewsburg, and at Fredonia and at Ran- dolph academies, both in Western New York, where he fitted for college. He entered Harvard in :865, and was graduated in the class of 1869. While preparing for college, he spent a portion of the time each year in lumbering on the Alleghany and Ohio rivers, making one or two long trips on a raft each year, thus building up a strong physique and accptiring a personal knowledge of the lives and hardships of the Western lumbermen. In college, while doing good work as a student and winning Boylston prizes for speaking for two suc- cessive years, he rowed in his class crews and took an active interest in all college sports. From college he entered the Harvard Law School, from which he was graduated in 1872, having spent one year in Europe in the mean time and taught mathematics one year at the university while prosecuting his law studies. He was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar in the summer of 1872, but before beginning practice here he passed a year in a law office in New York City. In the autumn of 1874 he established himself in ISoston, forming a partnership with J. 15. Warner, under the firm name of Myers & \\'arner; and since that time he has been constantly in active practice in Boston. In Cambridge, where he has resided for the past twenty years, he has for many years been a member of the e.xecutive committee of the Cam- bridge Civil Service Reform Association, treasurer for a number of years of the Cambridge Branch of the Indian Rights .Association, treasurer of the Citizens" Committee for raising funds for the Pub- lic Library ; was president of the Library Hall As- sociation in 1892, has been an officer of various clubs at different times, and at the present time (1895) is president of the Colonial Club of Cam- bridge. In 1892 he was elected to the Legislature for the First Middlese.x Representative District, and has been twice re-elected, each time by a un- animous nomination. During his first term (1893) he served on the committees on rules, on elections, and on probate and insolvenc)', and became a recognized leader in committee-room and on the floor of the House. He took a conspicuous part in some of the most notable debates of the session, and was instrumental in securing much important legislation. He was the chief champion of the bill creating a commission to inquire into the Nor- wegian liquor system, and was one of the most effective supporters of the Metropolitan Parks bill ; spoke for the measure to protect the interest of the State in the Fitchburg Railroad, and for the bill to abolish double taxation, and was one of the active members in the Bay State gas investiga- tion, one of the most striking features of the session. He also assisted in securing the appoint- ment of a special committee on revision of the corporation laws, to sit during the recess, and as a member of this committee took a leading hand in its work and in preparing its able report. In the Legislature of 1894 he was House chairman of the special committee on revision of corpora- tion laws and a member of the committees on the judiciary and on rules: and was especially identi- fied with the several measures for the pre\ention of stock-watering by quasi-public corporations, — MEN OF PROGRESS. 673 railways, gas, electric light, water, telephone and telegraph companies, — which came from the first- mentioned committee and were passed that ses- sion. He also had a hand in drafting a munici- pal conduit bill, authorizing any municipality to construct conduits for electric wires in its own streets, which he advocated with much force, but which was finally defeated. In the Legislature of 1S95 he was appointed House chairman of the committee on the judiciary, and remained still a member of the committee on rules, and of course took an active part in the laborious work of that committee during the session. In politics Mr. Myers is a Republican. He is a member of the Massachusetts Republican Club, of the Middlese,\ Club, the Massachusetts Reform Club, the Mer- chants' Club, the Union, St. Botolph, and I'ni- versity clubs of Boston ; of the University and Zeta Psi clubs of New York City and of the Cam- bridge and Colonial clubs of Cambridge. He is also a member of the Citizens" Trade Associa- tion of Cambridge, and a trustee of the Prospect Union. He is unmarried. J, A. NEWHALL. NEWHALL, Joseph Ai.i.stun, of Boston, leather merchant, was born in Saugus, May 29, 1847, son of Joseph Stocker and Emeline Augusta (Ware) Newhall. He was educated in the public schools of his native town and at Chauncy Hall, Boston. He began business life in Boston the first of January, 1870, as a salesman for George F. Breed, High Street, in the leather trade, and remained in his employ for two years. The next three years he was with B. F. Thompson & Co., in the same business and on the same street. Then he entered the business on his own account, forming a partnership with E. H. Keith, under the firm name of Newhall & Keith, and also established on High Street. This partnership continued until 1880, when it was dissolved, and the present firm organized under the name of J. Allston Newhall & Co., with no change in location. Mr. Newhall, therefore, has been on High Street continuously for twenty-five years. He is now also president of the Connnon- wealth Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and treasurer and manager of the Allston Company. In Saugus he has served on the Board of Select- men three terms, 1878-79-80, and was the repre- sentative of his district in the State Legislature in 1880. For four years he w-as adjutant of the First Battalion of Artillery. He is a member of the Veteran Association of the First Corps of Cadets, of the Algonquin and Athletic clubs of Boston, and of the Reform Club of New York. He was married December 24, 1873, to Miss Amelia B. Westermann, of Saugus. They have one child. NICKERSON, William Lombard, of Chat- ham, special marine news reporter from Cape Cod, is a native of Chatham, born November 28, 1856, son of Ziba and Sarah (Payne) Nickerson. He is a direct descendant through nine genera- tions from the original Puritan William Nickerson, who was the first white man to own and settle in what is now Chatham, in 1665. He was educated in . the Chatham schools, graduating from the High School in 1873. He began business life in the wholesale boot and shoe business in Boston in 1874, and continued in this trade till 1879. The latter j-ear he returned to Chatham to assist his father in the post-office and telegraph office there, and also in the boot and shoe business. In 1 88 1 his father retired from the post-oflnce, and the two added to their other business that of lumber and coal. In 1886 Mr. Nickerson began systematic reporting of passing steamers to their owners in Boston, New York, Portland, and other 674 MEN OF PROGRESS. ports, and afterward extended his service to news- papers and to the Boston Chamber of Commerce. In 1887 he entered the service of the Boston officer in Sylvester Baxter Royal Arch Chapter, West Harwich ; and member of Hyde Park Coun- cil, Royal Select Masons of Hyde Park, Cyprus Commandery, Knights Templar, Hyde Park, and Aleppo Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Boston. In religious faith he is a Lhii- versalist, and has been chairman of the trustees of the Universalist church, Chatham, for thirteen years, and assistant superintendent of the Sunday- school for the past eight years. He was married January 12, 1886, to Miss Euphemia Crowell, of East Harwich. They have one daughter : Rhoda Lombard Nickerson (born August 24, 1887). NOYES, RuFus King, M.D., of Boston, was born in New Hampshire, in the town of Hamp- stead. May 24, 1853, son of Joshua Flint and Lois Ann (Noyes) Noyes. Joseph Noyes on his father's side and Humphrey Noyes on his mother's side both served in the war of the Revo- lution. His maternal grandfather was a soldier in the War of 18 12. His general education was acquired at the Atkinson Academy, Atkinson, W. L. NICKERSON. Globe as special correspondent at Chatham. Four years later he was put in charge of Cape news service from FJarnstable to Truro for that paper, and is still in that position. He is a prac- tical telegraph operator, and telegraphs his own reports mostly, having a special wire to his Marine Observatory, connecting direct with the Boston Chamber of Commerce and the Globe office. In 1880 he was appointed displayman of the United States Signal Service, which posi- tion he still holds. Mr. Nickerson is prominent in politics, an active working Republican, and has served as chairman of the Republican town committee, resigning in 1893, and as member of the Thirteenth District Republican Congressional Committee. He seeks no office, but works for the nomination and election of those he considers the worthiest for positions. He is a member of the Chatham School Committee, elected in 1894, and a trustee of the Public Library. He is offi- cially connected with numerous fraternal organi- zations, — treasurer of St. Martin's Lodge, Free Masons, of Chatham ; treasurer of Monomoit Council, American Legion of Honor, Chatham ; RUFUS K. NOYES. N.H. ; and he studied for his profession at the Dartmouth Medical College, where he graduated in 1875. From 1876 to 1877 he was house MEN OF PROGRESS. 675 surgeon in the Iloston City Hospital, and then entered upon general practice in medicine and surgery, wliich he has since pursued with success in iJoston and vicinity. He has been active in modifying the law which required vaccination of all children before entering the public schools, on the ground that isolation, notification, c|uarantine, disinfection, and sanitation are the only means of preventing and " stamping out " small-pox. He holds that vaccination has no intluence to prevent or mitigate small-pox, while it has often produced ill -health, devitalization, and sometimes death. In politics Dr. Noyes, though born a Democrat, is now an Independent. He is agnostic, scientific, and materialistic in philosophy and belief. He is quite a voluminous contributor to the press of the State and a forcible essayist on scientific and philosophic subjects, appearing before literary societies and clubs, and frequently on the public rostrum. Dr. Noyes is a candidate for the So- ciety for the Sons of American Revolution. He is not married. PADDOCK, Franklin Kittredce, M.D., of Pittsfield, is a native of New York, born in Ham- ilton, December 19, 1841, son of Hiram C. and Eunice C. (Kittredge) Paddock. His maternal grandfather. Dr. Abel Kittredge, of Hinsdale, Mass., was a surgeon in the Massachusetts mili- tia in 1800. The late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Kit- tredge, of Hinsdale, was his uncle. He was edu- cated in the Normal School at Hamilton, N.Y. It was his intention to complete his studies at Madison University, but several years' invalidism from inflammatory rheumatism after the age of sixteen prevented. He attended one course at the Albany Medical College and two at the Berk- shire Medical College in Pittsfield, and graduated from the latter in November, 1864. He then spent six months in New York, attending lectures and the hospitals. In 1865 he entered into part- nership with his former preceptor. Dr. William Warren Greene, of Pittsfield, and began active practice there. Five years later, in 1870, he formed a partnership with Dr. J. F. A. Adams, which continued for fourteen years. He was dean and professor in the Berkshire Medical College at the time of its discontinuance in 1868. He has been medical examiner for the Second Berk- shire District since 188 1, consulting surgeon of the Pittsfield House of Mercy Hospital since its foundation in 1874, and medical director of the Berkshire Life Insurance Company since 1870. Dr. Paddock is a member of the .American Medi- cal Association, of the Massachusetts and New F, K. PADDOCK. York Medico-legal societies, and of the Massachu- setts Medical Society, elected president of the lat- ter in June, 1894. He has belonged to the Pitts- field Monday Evening Club since its organization. He has held no political offices. He was married March 11, 1867, to Miss .Vnna Danforth Todd, daughter of the late Rev. Dr. John 'I'odd. Tlieir children living are : Mrs. Frederic G. Crane, of Dalton, Alice, and Brace W. Paddock. Three have died : Mary, an infant : Mary 'I'odd, three years of age, of diphtheria ; and Franklin Eugene, drowned at the age of seventeen. PARKER, Fr.\ncis St.anlev, merchant, was born in Hong Kong, China, September i, 1863, son of Ebenezer Francis and Elizabeth Clapp (Stone) Parker. His first ancestor in the L'nited States, originator of his branch of the Parker family, was William Parker, who married Zeruia Stanley at Portsmouth, N.H., in 1703. His pa- ternal grandparents were Matthew Stanley and "Nancy" (or Anne) (Quincy) Parker, the former son of Matthew^ Stanley Gibson and Anne (Rust) 676 MEN OF PROGRESS. Parker, and the latter daughter of Henry and Eunice (Xewell) (^uincy, and a niece of " Dorothy Q." who married John Hancock. His maternal FRANCIS S. PARKER. grandparents were Henry Baldwin Stone, son of Jonas and Lucretia (Baldwin) Stone, and Eliza- beth (Clapp) Stone, daughter of Ezra and Grace (Mather) Clapp. Mr. Parker was educated in private schools at Jamaica Plain, Mass. (now West Roxbury District, Boston) from 1869 to 1876, in G. W. C. Noble's private school, Boston, from 1876 to 1882, and at Harvard College, which he entered in the autumn of 1882 with the class of 1886. Leaving college to enter business in April, 1885, he began as clerk in the office of Gay & Parker, Boston, wholesale coal merchants, and so continued until October, 1887, when the firm was incorporated as the Gay & Parker Company ; and he was elected clerk of the corporation and also a director. In August, 1889, he was elected presi- dent, still retaining the office of clerk, which posi- tions he still holds. Mr. Parker has been con- nected with the State militia for several years, first enlisting as a private in Company A, First Corps of Cadets, August 14, 1885, and serving until August 14, 1 888, when he was discharged. On April 21, 189 1, he was appointed sergeant and color-bearer on the staff of the Second Bri- gade, and on July 9, 1894, commissioned captain and engineer of the Second Brigade staff, which position he continues to occupy. While in college he was a director of the Harvard Co-operation Society, a steward from the class of 1886 for the Harvard Athletic Association, and secretary and for a short time assistant treasurer of the Harvard Boat Club. He also belonged to the Porcellian Club, the Hasty Pudding Club, the Delta Kappa Epsilon Society, Alpha Delta Phi Society, and the Rabbit Club. He is now a member of the Somerset, the Country, the Athletic, the Ex- change, and the Nahant clubs, and of the Mili- tary Service Institution of the United States. He was married in Boston, December 27, 1888, to Miss Harriet Amory Anderson. They have two children : John Stanley (born January 15, 1890) and William Amory Parker (born December 31, 1892). Mr. Parker has been a resident of the town of Nahant since he became of age. PARKER, Frederick Wesley, of Boston, banker and broker, is a native of Boston, born F. W. PARKER. May 9, 1863, son of Jerome W. and Ann Eliza (Wright) Parker. He is of sturdy Revolutionary stock, his great-grandfathers on both sides having MEN OF PROGRESS. 677 held commissions under Wasiiington ; and his paternal grandfather was with Ethan Allen at 'I'iconderoga. He received a good common- school education. When he was a lad of fourteen, his father having met with business reverses, he was obliged to enter commercial life. Beginning at the lowest round of the ladder in the whole- sale millinery establishment of Davis, Roundy, & Cole, Boston, at si.xteen he was representing the firm " on the road.'' At the age of seventeen he went to New York, and there engaged with Bannberg, Hill, & Co., Broadway, in the same business, as commercial traveller for the house in the New England States. Not being satisfied with this business, although successful in his work, he left it after a few years, and, returning to Boston, took a minor clerkship in the banking and brokerage house of Perkins, Diipee, & Co., No. 40 State Street. He rose rapidly, and in 1888 engaged in business on his own account, forming with Arthur \V. Sawyer and Hazen Clement the firm of Saw-yer, Clement, & Co. In 1892, Mr. Sawyer retiring, the firm be- came Clement, Parker, & Co., as at present. Their house is now at No. 53 Devonshire Street. Mr. Parker is a member of the Boston Stock Exchange. In Somerville, where he re- sides, he is a member of the Common Council, having been first elected for 1894, serving on the committees on finance and public property. He is also a director of the Somerville National Bank. He is connected with the Masonic fra- ternity, belonging to the John Abbott Lodge, the Somerville Royal Arch Chapter, the Orient Council, Somerville, and the De Molay Com- mandery, Boston ; and he is a member of the Exchange Club, Boston, and the Central Club, Somerville, a director of the latter. From 1885 to 1 888 Mr. Parker was a member of the First Corps of Cadets. In politics he is a Repub- lican. Mr. Parker was married June 15, 1887, to Miss Nellie Elizabeth Blodgett, of Cambridge. They have one child : Mildred Blodgett Parker (born March 22, 1889). Crammar School, and afterward attending the High School; and privately for four years, under the late Professor John B. Torricelli, following a general college cour.se. Then he entered the Bos- ton University Law School, and graduated there, a/w laiide, in June, 1888. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar on July 1 7 following, and immedi- ately opened his law office in Boston. Here he has since been established and engaged in gen- eral practice, more particularly connected with ci\il and probate matters. He was appointed a public administrator for Suffolk County April 29, 1 89 1. He is a member of the lioston University J. N. PASTENE. Law School Alumni Association, and was presi- dent of that organization in 1894. In politics Mr. Pastene is a Democrat, but he has never en- tered public life. He was married in Boston, April 21, 1889, to Miss Pauline M. Ceppi. They have one child : Alexander Pastene (born July 13, 1892). PASTENE, Joseph Nicholas, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, Octo- ber 3, 1863, son of Louis and Clara C. (Moltedo) Pastene. His parents were natives of Rapallo, province of Genoa, Italy. He was educated in Boston public schools, graduating from the Eliot PHIPPS, Walter Andrus, M.D., of Hopkin- ton, is a native of Hopkinton, born February 8, 1854, son of Marcus C. and Amey (Wheelock) Phipps. He is a lineal descendant of Sir William Phipps, royal governor of Massachusetts in 1692. His education was attained at the West Newton 678 MEN OF PROGRESS. English and Classical School, at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, and at Amherst College, where he spent one year. He then studied medicine at Harvard Medical School, graduating in 1878. Immedi- ately after his graduation he settled in his native town, and has practised his profession there ever since. Dr. Phipps is a member of the Massachu- setts Medical Society, of the Thurber Medical So- ciety, and of the Harvard Medical Alumni Asso- ciation. He was married February 3, 1880, to the winter seasons in the city, pursuing his profes- sion, and his summers on his farm in Peterbor- WALTER A. PHIPPS. CHAS. F. PIERCE. ough, N.H. His work is in numerous private collections ; and examples of it are also in the Boston Art Club, the Newton Club, and the Penn- sylvania Academy of Fine Arts. He is a member of the Boston Art Club and of other art associa- tions in Boston. He was married August 3, 1876, to Miss Luena R. Wilder, of Peterborough, N.H. Miss Hattie Anna Corthell, of \\'hitman. They have three children : Marcus Lawrence, Mary Avis, and Roland Corthell Phipps. PIERCE, Charles Frank, of Boston, artist, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Hillsborough County in 1844, son of John A. and I'hila .\. (Warner) Pierce. He is of English ancestry. He was educated in the common schools. In 1866, at the age of twenty-two, he came to Boston, and began the study of art under the best in- structors to be found at that time ; but the greater part of his art education was acquired through ob- servation and practice at home and in Europe, having studied abroad through the years 1878 and 1879. Since his return to Boston he has spent PROCTOR, Thomas Emerson, of Boston, mer- chant, was born in South Danvers (now Peabody), Essex County, August 29, 1834; died in Boston, December 7, 1894. He was the son of Abel and Lydia Porter (Emerson) Proctor, both of early Essex ancestry. On his paternal side his ances- tors came from England about 1630 in the " Susan and Ellen"; and he was sixth in descent from John Proctor, the martyr to the "witchcraft delu- sion," and one of the last to be hanged on account of that superstition in Massachusetts. His mater- nal ancestor, John Emerson, was an early minister in Topsfield; and through this branch he was re- lated to Ralph Waldo Emerson, his great-grand- father and the latter's grandfather having been brothers. It was possibly through this connec- MEN OF PROGRESS. 679 tion that Mr. Proctor inherited his scholarly tastes, which even his extensive business affairs did not prevent his indulging. He was widely read, and had a large acquaintance with the best literature of the time. When having completed the ordinary public school course and prepared himself to enter college, his father's poor health obliged him to give up his college aspirations and enter the lat- ter's office, which was one of the great crosses of his life. At the age of eighteen he was made a full partner in the concern, which then became Abel Proctor iV- Son, with offices in Boston and tanneries at South Danvers. " War times '' created a demand for leather of which Mr. Proctor was quick to avail himself, this being in a large meas- ure the foundation of his subsequent fortune. About this time the firm's name was changed to Thomas E. Proctor. In 1887 Mr. Proctor organ- ized his affairs into a stock company, the Thomas E. Proctor Leather Company, which in turn was merged into the United States Leather Company (the Leather Trust) in 1893. Mr. Proctor was the master spirit of the trust, and it was his hand which steadied it through its various crises to a well-established basis. The fact that this great organization was launched successfully in a time of intense business depression emphasizes his wonderful executive ability, shrewdness, nerve, and grit. He was thoroughly self-reliant ; yet, while he pursued his occupation with great cour- age, his spirit of enterprise was blended with a conservatism that always kept him within the lines of safety. He seldom sought the counsel of his contemporaries, but felt perfectly competent to manage his own affairs, great as they came to be. For more than a generation the Proctor Tannery was a landmark in the town of Peabody and one of the chief industries of the place. He volunta- rily chose the quiet, unostentatious side of life, declining always the allurements of conspicuous public place. Political preferment was easily within his reach ; but, without abating one jot in his intensity of feeling on political issues or in true public spirit of the broader kind, he preferred the private station. In politics he was a Demo- crat, though not in any sense an aggressive poli- tician. His public offices were confined to the position of commissioner at large from Massachu- setts to the World's Columbian E.xhibition at Chicago in 1893, an appointment at the hands of President Harrison, and a trusteeship of the Mas- sachusetts General Hospital, in which institution he became intensely interested, as he was in every worthy practical movement for the welfare of Pioston, leaving it at his death the generous be- quest of $100,000 with which to erect a building for the care of the insane (of the McLean Asylum). He was a director of the P'-liot National Bank, a foremost member of the New England Shoe and Leather Association, and president of the United Electric Securities Company. A great capacity and love for work, a keen and accurate power of analysis, an ability to grasp and retain minutia', unflagging energy, and great tact were his fore- most characteristics. The most comple-x of busi- ^^ THOMAS E. PROCTOR. ness problems were placed in orderly clearness under his keen analysis. His alert, retentive mind, his participation in many affairs, and his affable and unaffected manners made him a most agreeable companion. He was married in 1865 to Miss Emily Howe, of New York, who survives him with two sons and tw'o daughters : James H., .\nne P. (Mrs. Charles G. Rice), Emily W., and Thomas E. Proctor, Jr. PUSHEE, John Clark, of Boston, manufact- urer, was born in Lansingburgh, Rensselaer County, N.Y., March 11, 1832, son of John and 68o MEN OF PROGRESS. Rosanna (Clark) Pushee. The Pushees were de- scendants of the Huguenots, and for nearly two hundred years lived at and near Littleton, Mass. ; and the Clarks were English, and among the early settlers of Rensselaer County, New York. He was educated in the common schools. Immedi- ately after leaving school he learned practical brush-making, and in 1864 established at Lansing- burgh the brush manufacturing business of which he has since been the head. He moved to Boston in December, 1879, the change being made to meet the demand for greater facilities, in order to keep pace with the increasing popularity of the J. C. PUSHEE. goods manufactured by him. The present factory, on the corner of Harrison Avenue and Randolph Street, covering an area of eighty-five hundred feet with a floor space of thirty-five thousand feet, was occupied in March, 1892. It is equipped with the most modern machinery, and a number of labor-saving devices not known on the market, which enable the firm to meet the requirements of their steadily increasing trade with a facility that few concerns of like manufacture possess. The motive power used is both steam and elec- tricity ; and two hundred and forty experienced hands are employed. The goods now manufact- ured are practical brushes for artists, painters, and varnishers ; and shaving brushes, of which the firm are also leading manufacturers. The present style of the firm, J. C. Pushee &: Sons, was adopted when Mr. Pushee's two sons, George D. and John E., were admitted to partnership. Each member of the firm has a practical knowl- edge of the business, and under their combined energy and skilful management its founder has the satisfaction of seeing it in the foremost posi- tion in its line of manufacture in the country. He is still in the prime of life, and with unim- paired energy devotes his mature skill and experi- ence to keeping his works abreast the times. While a resident of Lansingburgh Mr. Pushee was prominent in local affairs. For nine years, from 1870 to 1879, he held the position of police com- missioner ; and he was a supervisor from 1874 to 1877. He is a member of the Sans Souci Club of Lansingburgh, and of the Masonic lodge, Phttnix 58. In politics he is Republican. He was married November, 1853, to Miss Eliza Arnold Hunt, of Lansingburgh. They have three sons and two daughters : George Durant, John E., Elizabeth, Anna, and Leslie D. Pushee. RICHARDS, Dexter Nathan, of Boston, manufacturer, was born in Enfield, May 18, 1823, son of Ephraim and Susanna (Chenery) Richards. He is a descendant in the se\enth generation of Edward Richards, who came from England in the ship "Lion" in 1632, settled with his brother first in Cambridge, and in 1636 became one of tile proprietors of Dedham, and the sixty-second signer of the social compact. Edward Richards married Susan Hunting, daughter of Elder John Hunting of Watertown, and was one of the prin- cipal men of the new township of Dedham. De.x- ter N. was educated in common and private schools in his native town and at W'estfield Acad- emy, where he spent two years. At the age of eighteen he began business on his own account in a general merchandise store in the town of Prescott, which he successfully conducted for three years. Then he sold out, and came to Boston to settle an estate for Archibald D. Bab- cock, a relative. This accomplished, he entered the dry-goods jobbing house of H. Ammidown & Co. as a clerk, and two years later was admitted to the partnership. His connection with this house covered about eight years. He ne.xt be- came a member of a new firm under the name of MKN OF PROGRESS. 68 1 F.dwards, Nichols, lV Richards, which succeeded years. His politics are Independent. Mr. Rich- Animidown eS; Co. This continued until 1867, ards was married October i8, 1859, to Miss and with marked success, Mr. Richards then Louise M. Appleton, of Boston, daughter of Ben- jamin B. and Catherine Appleton. They have had four children, two of whom are now living : Helen (now Mrs. William C. Hunneman) and Alice Appleton Richards. He resides in I-ong- wood, Brookline. RICHARDSON, \Vii.i,i..\.m SnEiin, M.I)., of Marlborough, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Woolwich, July 11, i860, son of the Rev. Martin Luther and Angeletta (Wilson) Richardson. He is of the ninth generation from Ezekiel Richard- son, of Charlestown, one of the first board of se- lectmen in 1634, serving four years, member of the General Court two years, and in 1640, with his two brothers and four other townsmen, appointed commissioner to found the new town of Woburn, where at the first election he was chosen a select- man and rechosen three years following. Nathan R., of the fourth generation, was also a selectman of Woburn for five successive years. Dr. Richard- DEXTER N. RICHARDS. retired, and spent a year and a half in foreign travel. Upon his return he entered the banking and note business. About two years later he turned his attention to manufacturing interests, taking the treasurership of the Bates Manufactur- ing Company of Lewiston, Me., which position he has held continuously ever since. He is also president of the Manchester Mills. Manchester, N.H., and of the Edwards Mills, Augusta, Me., and director of the Lewiston (Me.) Bleachery. He has been a director of the Dank of Redemp- tion, Boston, for about fifteen years, was long a trustee of the Penny Savings Bank, and was one of the original incorporators and is now a direc- tor of the Boston Electric Light Company. For thirty years or more he was connected as a di- rector with one of the oldest horse railroad com- panies in Boston. He has been trustee of many large estates during his long business career. In 1888 he was one of the trustees for the sale of the Boston Gas Company. In religious faith he is a Unitarian, and has been aftiliated with the son graduated in the college preparatory course Rev. Dr. Edward E. Hale's church in Boston, and at the Hitchcock Free High School in lirimfield, a member of its standing committee for thirty Mass., and studied for his profession at the Har- W. S. RICHARDSON. 682 MEN OF PROGRESS. yard Medical School, graduating in 1884. He began practice in Marlborough in December fol- lowing his graduation, and has since been actively engaged there. He has been a member of the city Board of Health for five years, serving as chairman of the board the last two years of this period. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Massachusetts Association of Boards of Health, the Harvard Alumni Associa- tion, and the Union Club : and is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the order of Red Men. Dr. Richardson was married May 12, 1892, to Miss Mary Hubbard Morse, of Marlborough. They have one son : Stephen Morse Richardson. several respects this observatory has served as a model for the Government Weather Bureau. Some of the self-recording instruments which had proved successful at Blue Hill were supplied to the government stations, and the international form of publication was used for the Blue Hill observations several years before it was adopted by the United States Weather Bureau. Local weather forecasts at Blue Hill proved superior to the general forecasts of the Signal Service, which ultimately adopted the former in many cities in connection with the issue, in these cities, of " cyclo style " weather maps, originated in Boston ROTCH, Abbott Lawrence, of Boston and Milton, was born in Boston, January 6, 1861. His ancestors on both sides were English, and were early settlers of New England, the Rotches, an old Quaker family, having founded the town of New Bedford. His father was Benjamin Smith Rotch ; and his mother, ncc Annie Bigelow Law- rence, was the daughter of the Hon. Abbott Law- rence, a prominent merchant of Boston, and at one time minister to England. A. Lawrence Rotch, after spending several years of his boyhood in Europe, prepared at Chauncy Hall School for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, from whose department of mechanical engineering he graduated in 1884 with the degree of Batchelor of Science. By reason of property inherited from his father, he was not obliged to practise as an engineer, but was free to carry out a project of establishing a private meteorological observatory. In the autumn of 1884 the erection of this ob- servatory was begun upon Great Blue Hill, the highest point on the Atlantic coast south of New Hampshire, and hence well adapted for the study of atmospheric phenomena. Regular observa- tions were commenced February i, 1885, and have been continued until the present time. Three observers are now employed, and many self-recording instruments used, so that the Blue Hill Observatory has become one of the most complete and best known establishments of its kind in the world. The observations and investi- gations have been published annually in the " Annals of the Harvard College Observatory " ; and the former give the most detailed records of hourly values, including cloud observations, which have been published in the United States. In A. LAWRENCE ROTCH. by Messrs. Cole and Rotch, in 1886. In 1885 and subsequent years Mr. Rotch visited most of the mountain meteorological stations of Europe and America. They were described in the Atneri- liin Meteorological Journal, as editor of which Mr. Rotch became associated with Professor M. W. Harrington in 1886. For several years he con- tributed to the financial support of the Journal, and is still an associate editor. In 1887 he ob- served the total solar eclipse in Russia with Pro- fessors Koeppen and Upton, and in 1S89 he again co-operated with the latter in a study of the meteorological phenomena attending the total solar eclipse in California. In 1893 he acconi- MEN OF PROGRESS. 683 panicd the Harvard College Observatory expedi- tion to Chile to observe another similar eclipse. During the summer of 18S9 he served on the in- ternational jury of awards for instruments of pre- cision at the Paris Exposition, and received from the French government for his services the deco- ration of chevalier of the Legion of Honor. He took part in the International Meteorological and Climatological Congresses held at I'aris during the Exposition, and during the winter of 1889-1890, with M. L. Teisserenc de Bort, he made magneti- cal and meteorological observations in the north- ern portion of the Algerian desert. In 1891 he delivered a course of lectures on " Mountain Meteorology " before the Lowell Institute of Bos- ton, and the same year the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by Harvard Univer- sity, where he had already been appointed assist- ant at the Observatory. In August, 1891, Mr. Rotch attended, by invitation, the International Meteorological Conference held in Munich, and was appointed the American member of a commit- tee to report on a cloud atlas. He met with this committee at Upsala, Sweden, in August, 1894, when this report was presented to and accepted by the Permanent Committee. Mr. Rotch is a member of the German and French meteoro- logical societies, a fellow of the London Royal Meteorological Society, a councillor of the New England Meteorological Society, a corresponding member of the British Association for the Ad- vancement of Science, and a fellow of the Ameri- can Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is a member of the corporation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a trustee, in behalf of that institution, of the Museum of Fine Arts, and is also a trustee of the Boston Society of Nat- ural History. He belongs to several clubs in Boston, among them the Somerset and St. Bo- tolph, to the LTniversity Club of New York, and to the Cosmos Club of Washington, D.C. He was married in 1893 at Savannah, Ga., to Miss Margaret Randolph Anderson, a lineal descendant of President 'I'homas Jefferson, and has one daughter. SAWYER, Edward, of Boston, civil engineer, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Warner, June 24, 1828, son of Jacob and Laura (Bartlett) Sawyer. He is of English ancestry, a descendant in the eighth generation of William Sawyer, who probably was born in England about the year 1613, and subsequently lived in or near what is now West Newbury, Mass. The name is often spelled " Saver " in old records. On the mater- nal side he is a descendant of Richard Bartlett, who came from England to "Old Newbury" in 1634. His education was acquired in common and high schools. He lived on the New Hamp- shire farm and assisted in the farm work until he reached the age of fifteen years. During the last five years of his minority he spent more than half of his time out of school, acquiring practical working acquaintance with manufacturing and mechanical operations in the mills and shops at EDWARD SAWYER. Manchester, N.H. \ little later he was head draughtsman for a year or more at the Amoskeag Machine Shop, then engaged in making locomo- tives, textile, and other machinery. He then began at the bottom of the ladder in railroad en- gineering on the construction of the Manchester & Lawrence Railroad, under Samuel Nott, civil engineer. For a few years after that he was assistant engineer on surveys and construction of several railroads in New England and the West. In 1854 he came to Boston, and entered the office of the late Uriah A. Boyden, the emi- nent engineer and scientist. He remained with Mr. Boyden most of the time for the next eight 684 MEN OF PROGRESS. years, but gradually worked into business on his own account, mainly in hydraulic and mill en- gineering. He was sole expert for the Assabet Company in important and successful fiowage liti- gation, and later was engaged in many other cases. In 1869 he entered into a copartnership with J. Herbert Shedd, civil engineer, under which he managed their combined business in Boston, while Mr. Shedd was engaged on the water supply and sewerage works of Providence, R.I., and in similar work in other places. This partnership continued with entire harmony for about fifteen years. At its beginning, in 1869, very few places had any public water supply or anything worthy to be called a system of sewerage. But majorities of voters were beginning to turn in favor of obtain- ing public water supplies. The most important factor in securing such majorities was that the engineers should find sources of supply, of good quality, and large enough for many years in the future, and should design works which could be built and operated at small cost. In most cases several different schemes were proposed ; and it was often difficult to satisfy a majority of the voters that any one was the best, due weight being given to considerations of quality and quan- tity, present and future, and cost. In this work Mr. Sawyer took a leading and useful part. For the municipalities around Boston on the west and south the difficulties were especially great. Cam- bridge had a supply from Fresh Pond which was not very satisfactory in any respect. Charlestown had just taken a supply from the upper Mystic Pond, which soon proved disappointing, and be- came a source of almost constant anxiety both as to quantity and quality. Mr. Sawyer was an inter- ested observer from the outside of these move- ments, and foresaw much of their unsatisfactory outcome. He appreciated the difficulties of the situation, turned his thoughts to the solution of the problems involved, and was soon called upon to take a prominent part either as consulting or chief engineer for many places around Boston and elsewhere. There was a common notion that the water of ponds was better than that of streams. The State Board of Health, then recently estab- lished, took up this matter with more zeal than discretion, and advocated this notion for several years, with a plentiful lack both of good observa- tion and good reasoning. The truth is that toler- ably good supplies of water can be obtained witii care and skill from some ponds and some streams. and that other ponds and streams are of various de- grees of badness from objectionable to positively unfit. The board listed many ponds, presumably as possible sources of supply, in which the water was poor or bad, also many with yields insuffi- cient for the wants of any town of moderate size. The board had among its members medical men of high reputation ; but it ought not to have undertaken to advise upon the whole question of sources of water supply without the aid of good engineering knowledge and skill, such as later boards have had. These bygone errors of judg- ment are mentioned to show some of the diffi- culties against which the sanitary engineers of twenty-five years ago had to contend, and did contend successfully. Engineering investigation soon showed that for the southerly and westerly parts of the Metropolitan District pond supply was impracticable for various reasons of quality, quantity, and cost ; and the common sense of the people soon began to accept this conclusion, though in some places this followed later after acrimonious discussion. After careful consider- ation Mr. Sawyer came to the opinion that suffi- cient supplies of ground water, equivalent to spring water of the best quality, hence much bet- ter than good pond water, — like the Cochituate, for instance, — could be obtained at moderate costs by means of basins or galleries to be made in the gravels and sands alongside of and underlying Charles River. Many objections to such schemes were urged by different parties, all of which had been anticipated and given due weight, as the results proved. This way of obtaining water on a large scale had been adopted before in several places in this country and abroad ; but it is beset with many uncertainties, and not unfrequently the results have been far from satisfactory. The adoption and successful working of this method proved to be of incalculable value for the muni- cipalities along Charles River. Mr. Sawyer has continued to give much attention to manufactur- ing and the branches of engineering more directly connected therewith. He has designed, organ- ized, and built some of the largest, best, and most successful mills in the country, notably for the Chicopee Company, the Arlington Company, and the Boston Rubber Shoe Company. In 1872 he inaugurated something of a new departure in the building of the Chicopee Mill, No. i, demonstrat- ing that a mill about one hundred feet wide could easily be well lighted from the sides, — better, in MEN OF PROGRESS. 685 fact, tlian llif old nurrow mills usually were, — and could be operated with great convenience, effi- ciency, and economy. He has frequently been called upon to advise on cjuestions of difficult or doubtful constructions, of strength of materials, stability of foundations, etc. For the last few years a large part of his time has been devoted to the different manufacturing businesses in which he is interested ; but he still does considerable work for some of his old friends and clients, and he retains the position of engineer to the Union Water Power Company of Lewiston, Me. Mr. Sawyer has been a voluminous writer of profes- sional reports, and has written a few papers for publication. He has made or partly completed many investigations in regard to matters of general engineering interest, some of which he hopes to complete and publish. He is glad to be able to believe that he has done his share in maintaining the honor and interests of the profession by pains- taking work, by insisting upon something like fair remuneration for services, while urging upon the public the great truth that there is nothing which is more profitable to the employer than good en- gineering, and finally by helping to maintain the high standard of integrity which e.xisted among the honored and beloved chiefs of the profession when he came into it. Mr. Sawyer has never desired public office ; and the only position of this sort which he has held has been that of member of the City Council of Newton, where he now resides. He has always been a Republican in politics, but has occasionally bolted whenever he thought there was good reason for such action. He is a member of the Tuesday Club of Newton, a literary organization, and has been its president for several years. He was married February, 1864, to Miss Frances E. Everett, of Charlestown, a descendant of Richard Everett, who came from England, and settled in Dedham, Mass., in 1636. They have one child : Frances Sawyer Pratt (born June 18, 1865), married to Herbert G. Pratt, of Newton. SEDGWICK, Henkv Dwkiht, of Stockbridge, member of the bar, is a native of Stockbridge, born August 16, 1824, son of Henry Dvvight and Jane (Minot) Sedgwick. He was seventh in direct descent from Major-General Robert Sedg- wick, who came to this country in 1636, and was appointed by Cromwell to the supreme command in the island of Jamaica. His paternal grand- father was Theodore Sedgwick, a member of the Continental Congress and of the first Congress under the Federal Constitution, speaker of the National House of Representatives, and judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. His ma- ternal grandfather was Judge George Richards Minot, the historian of the Shays Rebellion and of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Mr. Sedg- wick was prepared for college at a private school in Stockbridge under the care of the Rev. Dr. S. P. Parker; was educated at Harvard, and graduated in 1843. He was admitted to the bar of New York State three years later, and practised law H. D. SEDGWICK. there alone and in partnership with the late James H. Storrs upwards of forty years. In 1868 he published with voluminous notes the fourth edition of " Sedgwick on Damages." This work was written by the late Mr. Theodore Sedgwick in 1847, and the third edition, which had appeared in 1858, had been out of print for some years. A fifth edition, substantially a republication of the fourth, followed within a year; and in 1874 ap- peared under his editorship a si.xth edition, with copious original additions. In 1878 he published in an imperial octavo Sedgwick's Leading Cases on Damages. Mr. Sedgwick has delivered nu- merous occasional addresses, among which may be mentioned that on the dedication of the sol- 686 MEN OF PROGRESS. diers' monument in Stockbridge in 1866; "The Relation and Duty of tlie Lawyer to the State," delivered before the Law School of the University of New York in 1872; and "The I,ayman's De- mand on the Ministry," read before the Na- tional Conference of Unitarian Churches in Sep- tember, 18S0. He has never entered into poli- tics, but has devoted himself to his profession and a domestic and literary life. Through retaining an office in New York City, he has within the past few years retired from active professional practice, and established his legal residence in the town of his birth in this Commonwealth. With the excep- tion of the secretaryship of the New York Law Listitute, the only offices he has held have been in local and village organizations. He is at pres- ent president of the Laurel Hill Association (the village improvement society of Stockbridge), pres- ident of the Library Association of Stockbridge, and president of the Stockbridge Casino. He was one of the founders of the Union League Club of New York City, and is a member of the University and Century clubs of that city and of the Colonial .Society of Massachusetts. He has lately resigned from the New York Historical Society and the Harvard Club of New York, of both of which he had been many years a member. Li politics he was originally a Free Soil Demo- crat, afterwards an Independent Republican, and later became an Independent Democrat. Mr. Sedgwick was married October 15, 1857, to Miss Henrietta EUery Sedgwick. Their children are : Henry Dwight, Jr., the Rev. Theodore, Jane Minot, Alexander, and Ellery Sedgwick. graduated there in March, 1877. The following 1 August he came to Great Barrington, and at once f ' entered upon the practice of his profession. In SMALL, Whitmell Plkih, M.D., of Great Barrington, is a native of North Carolina, born in Washington, Beaufort County, December 29, 1850, son of John H. and Sallie A. (Sanderson) Small. On the paternal side he is descended from early settlers in Chowan County, N.C., who were prominent as large planters in that section of the State, and on the maternal side is of early Scotch stock, from which have come many who have been prominent in the affairs of state politi- cally and otherwise. He was educated in his native town, and began the study of medicine in 1873 under the preceptorship of David S. Tayloe, M.D., a physician of considerable local renown. Subsequently he entered the medical department of the University of the City of New York, and W. p. SMALL. November, 18S3, he returned to his old home in North Carolina, and practised there for two years, until October, 1885. Then, coming back to Great Barrington, he has since remained here, en- gaged in general practice. From March, 1887, to March, 1893, he was chairman of the Great Bar- rington Board of Health ; and he has been medical examiner for the Fourth Berkshire District since 189 1, appointed June 30 that year. He has taken an active part in affairs of the town, and is now secretary of the Great Barrington Board of Trade. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Massachusetts Medico- legal Society, and of the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina. In politics Dr. Small has always been a Democrat, but independent rather than party bound. In religion he is an Episcopalian, and holds the position of treasurer of the St. James Episcopal Church, Great Barring- ton. He was married November 17, 1881, to Miss Elizabeth M. Ray, daughter of Guy C. and Anna M. Ray, her father a man of sterling integ- rity, a soldier in the Forty-ninth Massachusetts Regiment, who gave his life to the Ihiion cause. MEN OF PROGRESS. 687 ;aml her mother the daughler of parents who came from England in 1820. They have four sons: (aiy Carleton, John Sanderson, Ray Moore, and Robert. Dr. Small resides on Castle Street in a new and modern house, completed in 1894. STODDKR, Charles Frederick, of Boston, manufacturer, is a native of Boston, born Au- i;ust 30, 1859, son of Frederick Mortimer and Eliza Parker (Kimball) Stodder. On the paternal side he is of the Hingham Stodders, dating back to 1649 ; and on the maternal side he is from the Kimballs, of Bradford. His education was ac- quired in the public schools ; and he graduated from the old Eliot School, Boston, in 1872, and the High School, Somerville. He began his business career in 1876 as a clerk with Masury, Young, & Co., wholesale oil house, and remained with this house until 1884. Then the following year he became connected with the India Al- kali Works as manager, and has since been de- \ oted to this business. He continued as manager until 1887, and was then vice-president and man- CHAS. F. STODDER. ager until 1892, when he became president and general manager. The company deals in heavy chemicals ; but the larger part of its business at the present time is the manufacture of " Savo- gran," an article used extensively among the textile mills, both woollen and cotton, by the va- rious city corporations in the country, the United States Departments, and in institutions and office buildings. It was adopted and used exclusively by the World's Fair Commission in 1893. The company has agencies in Chicago, Denver, and San F'rancisco. Mr. Stodder is a member of the Sons of the American Revolu- tion, of the Boston Athletic Association, and of the Central Club of Somerville. He was married November 26, 1889, to Miss Helen de Forrest Carpenter, only child of the Rev. C. C. Carpenter. THAYER, Charles -Nathaxiel, M.D., of Falmouth, was born in Attleborough, November 26, 1828, son of Simeon and Polly (Fuller) Thayer. He is on both sides of English stock. His grandfather, Nathaniel Thayer, served in the Revolutionary War for six years, was wounded and died from his wounds ; and his father was in the War of 18 12. His maternal grandfather, Isaac Fuller, was a descendant of Dr. Samuel Fuller, whose name is enrolled on the monument to the Pilgrims at Plymouth ; and his grand- mother, Huldah Fuller, was an Alden of the Pil- grim family. His childhood was passed in the town of Mansfield, where he received a public- school education. He began active life as a com- mercial agent, travelling through most of the States and the British Provinces. Afterward he was for six years in the lumber business, for a while established in Pembroke, then in Hanover, and later in Hanson. During this time he sup- plied the late Mr. Forristall, then superintendent of streets in Boston, with lumber, and in 1863 sold lumber to the government for battery car- riages. In the autumn of 1862 he joined the army, enlisting on September 20 in Company I, Fourth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. He was immediately appointed first sergeant and company clerk, and in these positions served to the end of his term. He was in the battles of Camp Bisland, Clinton Four Corners, Port Hudson, and Brashear City, and a number of skirmishes, in the department of the Gulf, under General Banks, and with his regiment saw much hard service. The regiment was discharged Au- gust 28, 1863 ; and upon his return to the North 688 MEN OF PROGRESS. he began the study of medicine. His studies Club. Dr. Thayer has inherited nianv of the were pursued with E. R. Sission, M.I)., at the traits of his Puritan ancestors, among them per- time a prominent physician of New Bedford, and severance, energy, and indomitable will, which have enabled him to overcome obstacles and achieve success. As a physician, he has been more than ordinarily successful, holding a large practice for many years, until his health failed. He is a self-made, self-educated man, fond of study and of scientific research, enjoying debate, social and genial in his nature, keeping in touch with the age. During the winter of 1894-95 he ■jM.UiW attended a course of lectures at Boston Univer- ^^ r t H^' ^''-y* '^^hs''^ h^s son is a student. Dr. Thayer was 'ii married January 12, 1873, to Miss Zibbie S. Hew- ins. They have one son : William H. Thayer. THOMPSON, John Joseph, MT)., of Web- ster, is a native of Webster, born February 9, 1859, son of Richard and Bridget (Farrell) Thompson. His father settled in Webster in 1849. H's early education was obtained in the public schools of his native place, and he was fitted for college at Nichols Academy, in Dudley. CHAS. N. THAYER. in Boston, where he attended a course of medical lectures. He entered upon the practice of his profession in January, 1869, opening an oflice in Falmouth, and within a comparatively short time had established an extensive lucrative business. In 1875 he started a drug and fancy-goods store in Falmouth, which became one of the largest in the county. When living in Pembroke, he was a representative for the town in the Massachu- setts House of Representatives, serving through the winter of 1855. In politics he has always been a Republican, and before the war he was an officer of the " underground railroad " for the aid of slaves seeking freedom. He was an active member of the Sons of Temperance for several years, serving some time as worthy patriarch and as deputy grand worthy patriarch. He joined the Masonic fraternity in 1877, and acted for nine years as secretary of Marine Lodge, the charter of which dates back to 1798. He was a charter member of B. F. Jones Post, Grand Army of the Republic, and commander of the post for years. He is a member also of the Republican Club of Falmouth and of the Succanasset Social J. J. THOMPSON. Entering Holy Cross College, Worcester, he grad- uated there in 1882. He began the study of medicine two years later at the Jeflferson Medical MEN OF PROGRESS. 689 College in I'hiladelphia, and graduated with the class of 1887. He has been engaged in active practice since his graduation, established in Web- ster. He holds the position of town physician, entering in 1895 on his fourth term; and he is medical examiner for the lien Franklin Council, Royal .\rcanuni, and the Metropolitan Life In- surance Company. He is a member of Ben Franklin Council, Royal Arcanum, and of the An- cient Order of Hibernians. He is unmarried. HoUingsworth, the firm being appointed manager for the Middlesex County and Seaboard depart- ment of Massachusetts of the Home Life Insur- TOBEY, Edward Silas, of Boston, insurance broker, is a native of Boston, born September 24, 1855, second son of the late Hon. Edward S. Tobey and Hannah Brown (Sprague) Tobey. He is descended from Rev. Samuel Tobey, Judge Tobey, and Silas Tobey, all of Berkeley. His paternal ancestry also is traced back directly to Dr. Samuel Fuller and John and Priscilla Alden, of the "Mayflower." On the maternal side he descends through the Hon. Phineas Sprague and the Hon. Seth Sprague from Francis Sprague, who came from England in the ship " Anne " in 1623. He received a private-school education in Boston, and an early mercantile training in the Boston wholesale house of A. T. Stewart & Co., of New York. In April, 1876, he was appointed private secretary to his father, who was then post- master of Boston, and was in 1883 promoted to the assistant postmastership, which office he filled to the highest satisfaction of both the government and the public, originating and establishing nu- merous new features in the department, and so systematizing the work as greatly to facilitate the service. One distinctly novel feature, especially beneficial to the public, which he introduced was that of forw-arding to their destination, at his own personal expense, letters which had been held for postage instead of sending them to the "dead letter office" at Washington. Such letters aver- aged about one hundred and fifty a day. l^pon the retirement of the postmaster in 1887, by President Cleveland, Mr. Tobey, after eleven years in the postal service under five Presidents and nine postmaster-generals, resigned, and took up the sale of Western investment securities and connnercial paper, in which he was largely suc- cessful. In 1892 he associated himself with the New York Life Insurance Company, and a year and a half later formed a partnersiiip with Mark HoUingswiirlh, under the firm name of Tobey iS: E. S. TOBEY. ance Company of New York, in which business it is still successfully engaged. Mr. Tobey is a member of the Massachusetts Society of Sons of the Revolution, of the Republican Club of Massa- chusetts, of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Protective Association, its secretary for six years, and of the Boston Club. He has never taken an especially active interest in politics, but has always been a staunch Republican. He is un- married, and resides with his mother in Brookline. TRAIN, Charles Ru.ssell, of Boston, mem- ber of the bar, Congressman, and attorney-general of the Commonwealth, for forty years taking a prominent part in political affairs, both local and national, was born in Framinghara, October i8, 1817; died in North Conway, N.H., July 29, 1885. He was a son of the Rev. Charles and Hepzibah (Harrington) Train. His father was a native of Weston, born January 7, 1783, son of Deacon Samuel and Deborah (Savage) Train, and became a Baptist clergyman in 1804. He died September 17, 1847. Charles R. Train re- 690 MEN OF PROGRESS. ceived his early education in the common schools of his native place, and was fitted for college at the Framinghani Academy, meanwhile working on his father's farm until he reached the age of fifteen. He entered Brown University in his si.x- teenth year, and graduated in 1837. He taught school until 1840, when he began his law studies, entering the Dane (now the Harvard) Law School. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in August, 1841, and, returning to Framingham, there en- gaged actively in the practice of his profession. Subsequently he received at the hands of his fellow-citizens all the offices of the town that from CHARLES R. TRAIN. time to time he could accept. In 1847 '1"^ 1848 he represented Framingham in the Legislature ; and in the summer of the latter year he was ap- pointed by Governor George N. Briggs attorney for the Northern District, a position which he held until 1851. In 1852 he was appointed by President Fillmore an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the LTnited States in Oregon, but declined the appointment. He was again attorney for the Northern District during 1853- 55. He was a delegate to the State Constitu- tional Convention in 1853, and member of the Executive Council in 1857 and 1858, a member of Congress from 1857 to 1863. In September, 1862, immediately after the second battle of Bull Run, he volunteered upon the staff of his friend, Brigadier-General George H. Gordon, then com- manding a division in Banks's Corps, and served as assistant adjutant-general, taking part in the battle of Antietam : and he resigned in season to resume his seat in the second session of the Thirty-seventh Congress. In 1864 he was a del- egate to the National Republican Convention. He removed to Boston not long after his retire- ment from Congress, and in the years 1S67 and 1868 served in the Common Council of the city and as a member of the Water Board. In 1870 and 187 1 he was a representative for Boston in the Legislature, serving as chairman of the com- mittee on the judiciary. In the mean time Mr. Train had devoted himself to his profession, and had acquired a large and lucrative practice. In the annual election of 187 1 he was chosen attor- ney-general of the Commonwealth, and thereafter was elected every year until 1879, when he de- clined further service, and resumed practice. During his incumbency of the attorney-general- ship he conducted the trial of several capital cases, the Piper case, the Alley case, and the Costley case being among those which are best known. As a criminal lawyer he unquestionably stood at the head of his profession, while as an attorney in civil cases he ranked among the most eminent lawyers in the State. His principal con- tribution to legal literature was " Precedents of Indictments, Special Pleas, etc., Adapted to American Practice,'" which he published in 1855, jointly with Franklin F. Head. He held numer- ous offices of trust other than political. He was junior grand warden of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts Freemasons and a member of the De Molay Encampment. In religious faith he was an Episcopalian, and for many years was a member of the vestry of St. Paul's Church, Bos- ton. His club affiliations were with the Union and St. Botolph clubs. Mr. Train was twice married, first, October 27, 1841, to Miss Mar- tha A. Jackson, of Ashland; and second, June 14, 1869, to Miss Sarah M. Cheney, of Boston. He had si.x children : four sons and two daughters. TREWORGY, William Harris, of Boston, lumber merchant, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Surry, October 17, 185 1, son of Will- iam G. and Nancy (Jarvis) Treworgy. The Tre- MEN OF PROGRESS. 691 \vorg)'s raiiic to this country from Cornwall, I'.ng- land, in 1636. His mother is a descendant of the Head family of Boston on her mother's side. When he was but a boy. his father, a sea captain, was wrecked, and perished during a heavy gale. His early education was acquired at the Surry town school, which he attended until he reached the age of thirteen, after which he was a pupil in the lUicksport (Me.) Seminary, and later at the Hebron (Me.) Academy. Early in life he set about earning his own living, beginning acti\e work in a general country store at Orland, Me. This occupation, however, was too narrow for his ambition ; and he soon started out into the broader world, his stock in trade being good liealth and pluck. Coming to Massachusetts at the age of eighteen, he found employment in an extensive furniture factory in Haverhill. After three years spent there, during which time he developed marked ability as a salesman, he came to Boston, and shortly after engaged in the whole- sale lumber business. He was then but twenty- two years of age, and without capital, though well equipped in other respects, having e.\perience, energy, and capacity, ^^'ith this business he has ever since been identified, and he has been in his present location for twenty-one years. At first he formed a partnership with Henry M. Clark, a practical lumber man, and engaged in selling in the East on commission white pine cut in Michi- gan. In less than a year Mr. Treworgy had so grasped the details of the business that he be- came not only a successful seller of lumber, but a shrew^d buyer. The partnership of Clark &: I'reworgy continued for two years, during which time a large amount of lumber was handled by the firm, and its trade was most prosperous. In the autumn of 1876 Mr. Treworgy formed a sec- ond partnership with A. C. Putnam, then of Dav- enport, under the firm name of Putnam & Tre- worgy, which had a prosperous career of five years, during each year of which period the sales and profits showed a steady increase, the last year amounting to over $800,000. In 1881 this firm was dissolved by the failure of Mr. Putnam's health, Mr. Treworgy purchasing his partner's interest, since which time he has conducted the business alone. His average yearly sales since his assumption of the entire control of the busi- ness have exceeded $500,000. Until 1S89 or 1890 his specialty was hard woods from Indiana. Thereafter his operations included high grade lumber grown in Kentucky and Tennessee. His operations in white pine have been mostly con- fined to the purchase of entire cuts of leading manufacturers in Michigan and Wisconsin. He has built up his trade through correspondence and without the employment of salesmen in the mar- ket, retaining his patrons through the reputation he has earned of not shipping anything but the best qualities of lumber. Of late years he has invested much of his surplus in valuable real estate, and now owns a number of pieces of property yielding a good annual income and steadily increasing in value. Mr. Treworgy mar- W. H. TREWORvji ried Miss Emma Croft, of the Roxbury District, Boston, a native of Boston. They have three daughters : Bessie Warren (sixteen years), Marion Croft (thirteen years), and Helen Howard Tre- worgy (ten years.) USHER, S.\.MUEL, of Boston, printer, was born in New Brunswick, July 9, 1855, son of Daniel and Jane (Simon) Usher. He was educated in the public schools of St. John. In 1871 he came to Boston, and entered the printing business, with which he has ever since been identified. In 1S81 he formed a partnership with Edward O. Stanley, 692 MEN OF PROGRESS. under the tirm name of Stanley .S: Usher, for the prosecution of the book and job printing business at No. 299 Washington Street. Mr. Usher was is also a trustee of the North Avenue Savings Bank. In politics he is a Repubhcan, but has never held nor sought public office. He was mar- ried October 21, 1880, to Miss Ella J. Shaw, daugh- ter of the late Dan. Shaw, of Cambridge. They have one son : Kenneth Shaw Usher. Mr. Usher resides in Cambridge, and is prominent in the North Avenue Congregational Church, having been the chairman of its prudential committee for several years. VAUGHAN, Francis Walks, of Doston, libra- rian of the Social Law Library, was born in Hal- lowell, Me., June 5, 1833, son of Charles and Mary Susan (Abbot) Vaughan. His great-grand- father, Samuel Vaughan, was a London merchant and \\'est India planter, whose son Charles, born in England, came to this country in 1786, was for some years a merchant in Boston, and after- ward removed to Hallowell. His mother was a daughter of the Rev. Dr. Abiel Abbot, of Beverly, a descendant of George Abbot, of Andover, who came to this country from England about 1640. He was fitted for college partly at the Hallowell SAMUEL USHER. the practical man of the concern, and under his excellent management the firm very soon gained prominence for the quality of its work. Owing to the rapid increase of its business, it was in a short time found necessary to seek larger quarters ; and in 1883 the office was moved to No. 171 Devon- shire Street, its present location. In 1888 Mr. Stanley withdrew, and the business has since been conducted by Mr. Usher alone, in his own name. As a result of his wise conduct and his thorough knowledge of details, the business has enjoyed uninterrupted growth until it now ranks among the largest in the city. Mr. L'sher is a member of the Master Printers' Club of Boston, and was its treasurer for several years ; is a member of the Boston Congregational and Cam- bridge Congregational clubs (vice-president of the latter in 1894), and of the Colonial Club of Cambridge. For eight years he was treasurer of the Congregational Sunday School Superintend- ents" LTnion of Boston and vicinity, and is at present its president; and he is a director of the Cambridge Young Men's Christian Association and of the Boston Seaman's Friend Societv. He FRANCIS W. VAUGHAN. Academy, partly at the Hopkins Classical School in Cambridge, whither his father had removed in 1847. He entered Harvard College in 1849, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 693 graduated in 1S53. After spending a year in liic Harvard Law School, he entered the office of Henry Vose, of Springfield, afterward a justice of the Superior Court, with whom he remained for fifteen months. Completing his studies in the office of George M. Browne, of Boston, he was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar in December, 1856, and opened an office in fioston, but practised only a few months. From July, 1857, to the winter of 1861-62, he was employed as civil assistant and computer by Captain A. A. Humphreys and Lieu- tenant H. L. Abbot, of the Corps of Topograph- ical Engineers, LT.S.A., in Washington, being engaged upon work connected with the Pacific Railroad Surveys and the so-called Mississippi Delta Survey. On the appointment of Major Humphreys as chief topographical engineer of the Army of the Potomac in 1862, he accom- panied him to the Peninsula as civil assistant, and remained with him and with the officers who succeeded him till 1S64. Spending two years in \\'ashington, he returned to Pjoston in 1866, and in January, 1870, was appointed to the position — which he still holds — of librarian of the Social Law Library, succeeding James Boyle, whose ser- vice of forty years had been terminated by his sudden death. This library, now one of the best law libraries of New England, was founded in 1S04 by some of the most eminent lawyers of that day ; and its present membership includes the leading men at the Suffolk bar. Within the past twenty-five years the number of proprietors and annual subscribers has increased from two hundred and fifty to eight hundred and fifty, and the number of volumes from ten thousand to more than twenty-seven thousand. Mr. Vaughan has never held office other than that of librarian, and has never married. He is a member of the P)ar Association of the City of Boston, of the Boston Library Society, the Bostonian Society, the Har- vard Musical Association, the Harvard Law School Association, and the Colonial Club, Cambridge. WALES, Geor(;e Oliver, of Boston, iron mer- chant, was born in Braintree, April i, 1S48, son of George and Isabella C. (Moulton) Wales. He was educated in the public schools of Braintree, graduating from the High School. Choosing a mercantile career, he came to Boston in 1867, and began as entry clerk for the wholesale millinery house of Sleeper, Fisk, & Co. From this modest position he soon worked his way up to that of book-keeper. After a service of three years here he became book-keeper in the wholesale leather house of .\lbert Thompson & Co. A year later, in 1871, then twenty-three years of age, he left that occupation, and started in business for him- self, establishing in a small way the house of George O. Wales iV Co., which has since grown to large proportions, and become widely known in the iron trade. Beginning with the New England agency of several Pennsylvania iron mills, the house now represents many of the largest and most important of the iron mills of that region. GEO. O. WALES. Its specialties are steel and iron plates and sheets, boiler tubes, boiler tank and stack rivets, steam, gas, and water pipe, and corrugated sheet iron. Mr. Wales still resides at Braintree, where he has a beautiful estate, comprising twenty well-cultivated acres. He is a member of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society and of the Boston Art, Algon- quin, and Exchange clubs. He was married No- vember 9, 1870, to Miss A. F. P. Howard, of Braintree. They have five children : George H., Ernest de Wolfe, Mary H., Louise F.. and Na- thaniel ]!. Wales. The elder son is in business with his father, and the second son is a student at Harvard College. Mrs. Wales died in 1886. 694 MEN OF PROGRESS. WASHBURN, Nathan, of Middlt-borough, special justice of the Fourth District Court of Plymouth, is a native of Middleborough, born Governor Russell, contending that there should be some ])emocratic judges in the State, refused to appoint him to that position, he being a Re- publican, and appointed (leorge D. Alden. 'l"he Executive Council rejected Alden's nomination eight to one (the council standing eight Republi- cans to one Democrat). Governor Russell there- upon renewed the appointment ; and the council again rejected it, by the same vote. Meanwhile Judge \\'ashburn, as special justice, held court under the vacancy for si.xteen months, being sup- ported all that time by the Executive Council. The next year Mr. Alden was confirmed by a new council. Judge Washburn is a member of the Odd Fellows, of lodge and encampment. He was married November jy, iS88, to Miss Etta F'lorence Mendall. 'I'hey have one child : Ken- drick H. Washburn. WEBBER, George Clark, M.D., of Millbury, is a native of Maine, born in Hallowell, Novem- ber 15, I S3 7, son of the Rev. George Web- ber, D.D., and Fhebe (Clark) Webber. He is NATHAN WASHBURN. April 18, 1862, son of Bradford S. and Elizabeth S. (Harlow) Washburn. His paternal grand- father, Cyrus Washburn, was connected with the celebrated Washburn family, which had its origin eight miles from Middleborough ; and his ma- ternal grandfather, Major Branch Harlow, was once high sheriff of Plymouth County and a major in the Massachusetts State militia. He was educated in the Middleborough public schools, graduating from the High School in 1 88 1, and at Dartmouth College, where he was graduated in 1885. He was admitted to the Plymouth County bar in 1887, and at once en- tered upon the practice of his profession, with offices in Middleborough and Boston, which he has since continued. He was appointed special justice of the Plymouth Fourth District Court, the position he still holds, by Governor .\mes, De- cember 21, 1887. Upon the death of Judge Vaughan in F'ebruary, 1891, he presented a peti- tion from all the towns in the district for appoint- ment to the position of justice of this court, which was the cause of the first disagreement between Governor Russell and the Executive Council. GEO. C. WEBBER. a direct descendant of Edward Webber, who settled in Portsmouth, N.H., in 1732, in line run- ning as follows : John (his great-grandfather), son MEN OF PROGRESS. 695 of Edward and Deborah ( I'ercher) Webber, John, 2d (his grandfather), son of John and AHce (Hasty) Webber, and (ieorge (his father), son of |ohn and Dorcas ( Elwell) Weblier. All are sup- posed to have descended from Thomas Webber, who left England for the Kennebec River region in 1607. Dr. Webber was educated in Maine com- mon schools, at the ^[aine Wesleyan Seminary, at Readtield, there fitting for college, and at Wes- leyan l^niversity, Middletown, Conn., graduating in 1S60. Seven years later he took the degree of A.M. from the same college. He studied medi- cine at the Harvard Medical School, taking his degree of M.D. in 1863. That year he entered the Civil War, attached to the navy as acting assistant surgeon, and served for nearly three years, being honorably discharged in July, 1865. .\fter the war he was for two years principal of a large school in Portland, Me. Then he returned to the practice of medicine, beginning at Kennebunkport. After practising here one year, he moved to Massachusetts, first establishing himself in Newton, where he remained about a year, and in 1870 removed to Millbury, which has since been his field of work, in which he has attained a leading position. He has served on the Millbury Board of Health, chairman of that body from 1891 to 1894, and was a member of the School Committee of the town from 1875 to 1S84 and from 1891 to 1894, being chairman of the board for several years. He was president of the \\'orcester District Medical Society from 1886 to 1888 ; has been a councillor of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society since 1886, and a fellow of the latter society since 1S70, and was a mem- ber of the Maine Medical Society from 1865 to 1869. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, a member of Olive Branch Lodge, of Tyrian Chap- ter, Royal Arch Masons, of which he was high priest in 1884-85-86, and of the Worcester Lodge of Perfection ; and is a member of the George A. Custer Post, Grand Army of the Republic. He is much interested in natural history, and has been president of the Millbury Natural History Society since 1883. He has never sought politi- cal honors or been active in public affairs, e.vcept in educational matters in the town of his resi- dence. Dr. Webber was married November 25, 1863, to Miss Sarah P. Leavitt, of Portland, Me. They have had four children : Howard Marshall (born January 15, 1868), Alice Carleton (born April 24, 1869, died September 4, 1869), Frank Hartley (born April 1875), and Carrie May 29, 1S77). !7, 1 87 4, died September 6, Spaulding Webber (born WHITCOMB, Joseph, of Provincetown. sher- iff of Barnstable County, was born in Yarmouth, Maine, May 29, 1841, son of Levi and Sarah (Young) Whitcomb. He is grand.son of Zadick and Rachel Whitcomb, descended from the Whit- combs who came from England and settled in Scituate in 1640. He was educated in the \'ar- mouth public schools. He went to Provincetown JOS. WHITCOMB. in 1865, and first worked there in a ship-3'ard for nine years. Then he became assistant to Robert Knowles in the undertaking business, and was so employed for ten years, when upon the death of Mr. Knowles. in 1880, he succeeded to the busi- ness, which he has since continued. He was made a deputy sheriff in 1876, and held that posi- tion imti! his election to the post of high sherilT in 1889. For the years 1S76-77-78 he was chief of police in Provincetown. He is connected with numerous fraternal organization.s, being a member of the King Hiram Lodge, Freemasons, of the Joseph Warren Royal Arch Chapter ; of the Marine Lodge, Odd Fellows ; the Charity 696 MEN OF PROGRESS. Lodge, Daughters of Rebecca ; the Knights of Honor, No. 2029 ; the Miles Standish Assembly, No. 143; and the Mayflower Council, No. loii, Royal Arcanum. He is also a member of the Seamen's Relief Society. He has been chairman of the parish committee of the Central Methodist Episcopal Church of Provincetown for ten years, and superintendent of the Provincetown Cemetery for fifteen years. Sheriff Whitcomb has been twice married, first in May, i86g, to Miss Susan E. Knowles, who died November 26, 1876, leav- ing two children : Flossie M. and Susie E. Whit- comb ; and second, in December, 1881, to Miss Levenia C. Mullen, b\' whom he iias one son : Joseph Warren Whitcomb. WHITINCJ, \\'lLI,IAM PUTTKRWDR rH, of RoS- ton, late vice-president of the Boston Manufact- urers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company, was born in Wrentham, March i, 1817 ; died in Chelsea, January 30, 1894. He was a son of Jesse and Sarah (Fuller) Whiting. He was born of old Puritan stock, the two families coming to this was cleared by his grandfather, and is still owned by the latter's descendants. Both grandfathers of Mr. Whiting were in the American army in the Revolutionary War. His early education was that of the common district school ; but, having a desire for more than such schools offered, he acquired, by private study and reading, a very thorough knowledge of English literature, and, having an exceptional memory, was able to retain and use what he had read. He possessed a large and well-selected library, with the contents of which he was thoroughly familiar. He began active life as a boy in a cotton mill in the Black- stone Valley. Then he worked as a machinist, and afterward was an agent of cotton factories, covering a period of thirty years. Finally he became connected with the Boston Manufact- urers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company, first serving as secretary and afterward as vice-presi- dent of the company, which office he held up to the time of his death. As a result of his earlier business experience, he contributed largely to the success of the mutual system of factory insurance by his practical knowledge of manufacturing, and its application in the conduct of the insurance business. Mr. Whiting commanded the respect of the large body of textile and other manufact- urers of New England, by whom he was well known. In politics he was a thorough Republi- can, but never held public office. He was married October 15, 1839, to Miss Laxina D. Walcott, of Cumberland, R.I. Their children were : N. Semantha (now Mrs. George H. Spar- hawk), Amy Ann (died in \'outh), \\'illiam H. H., Frances W. (died February 3, 1895), ^'^<^1 Freder- ick M. Whiting. ^^^B ^ jfmPBHIj ^sa^ WILBUR, Edward Pavson, of Boston, mer- ■^KK^Kk . I- ^/ ^^^^Jl chant, was born in Newburyport, December 23, "'*■''' 1 83 1, son of Hervey and Ann (Toppan) Wilbur, the former quite a noted astronomer in his day. His mother belonged to the old 'J'oppan family, which originally settled in Old Newbur)-, and was long identified with that town. He was educated in the Newburyport grammar and high schools, graduating from the latter in 1845. His business career was begun in the fancy-goods trade, with which he was connected for twelve years ; and for country in early years of the colony. The place the past thirty years he has been engaged in the of his birth was the house of his grandfather, dry-goods commission business in Boston. He Elkanah Whiting. The land on which it stood has served the city in the Common Council, the WM. B. WHITING. MEN OF PROGRESS. 697 School Committee, on tlie Water Hoard, and in hotii l)ranclies of the Legislature, and has been prominent and influential in other ways in mu- chants' Association, and has been for five years on the board of management, one of the directors, and for the last three years treasurer. He has also been for three years on the board of man- agement of the Art Club and a member of the Beacon Society for two years. Mr. Wilbur was married September 7, 1S54, to Mi.ss .Anna Lin- coln, of Boston. They have one daughter : Eli- nor L. Wilbur. WILLIS, George I)ai,i,.\s, of Braintree. man- ufacturer, is a native of Braintree, born June 25, 1844, son of George Washington and Alniira (Arnold) Willis. He was educated in the com- mon and high schools of Braintree, and at Co- mer's Commercial College, ]5oston. He began business life in 186 1 as a salesman in the employ of Blake & Alden, furniture dealers, Boston. He remained with this house for ten years, meanwhile engaging in the business of nail and tack manu- facturing, which he has since followed. This business was started under the firm name of [. T. Stevens & Co.; but soon after, in 1870, the pres- E. p. WILBUR, nicipal and State afTairs. His service in the Common Council began in 1872, and continued through 1873-74. He was a member of the School Committee one year (1875), on the Co- chituate Water Board two years (1873-74), in the lower house of the Legislature, representative for W'ard Eleven, in 1884 and 1885 ; and in the Senate, for the Fourth Suffolk District in 1886, and the Fifth in 1887. His committee service in the Legislature was ; House, 1884, committee on street railways; House, 1885, committee on railroads; Senate, 1886, chairman of commit- tee on cities, and member of those on library and street railways; Senate, 1887, the same. From 1889 to 1895 he was a member of the State Board of Civil Service Commissions. .\n earnest and active Republican, he has served in the Republican city committee, holding the treas- urership for three years ; and he was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1888. Mr. Wilbur has been a director of the Central National Ijank for five years, and was in 1895 elected a director in the United States Trust Company. He is a member of the Boston Mer- r'"''^ ^ ^ i CEO. D. WILLIS. ent name of Stevens & Willis was adopted. Mr. Willis has been associated with his present part- ner since 1868. The house has met with notable 698 MEN OF PROGRESS. success, having long been recognized as among the first in its line, and enjoyed a large local trade. Mr. Willis has been prominent in town matters for a number of years, and has held sev- eral of its important positions. He was town clerk in 1872 and 1873, declining a re-election for a third term ; town auditor for several years, and member of the School Committee in 1891-92. He has served repeatedly as moderator at town meetings and on important town committees. He was chairman of the building committee on alms- house in 1884, and was also a member of the committees on the Monatiquot and Jonas Perkins school-houses. In 1S80 he represented the towns of Braintree and Holbrook in the State Legisla- ture. He served in the Civil War, member of Company I, Forty-second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, General Isaac S. ISurrell commanding. After the war he was for some time connected with the State militia, and was quartermaster of the First Battalion Infantry, First Brigade, First Division. He has been a leader in the Crand Army of the Republic, serving as commander of General Sylvanus Thayer Post, No. 87, for three years, and on the staff of department commanders Adams and Churchill. He is also a charter mem- ber of Post No. 87. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a member of the Bay State Commandery, Knights Templar, Brockton, and of Rural Lodge, C^uincy. He was the first president of the Ihaintree Commercial and Social Club of Braintree, and is vice-president, trustee, and audi- tor of the Braintree Savings Bank. Among other offices of trust and responsibility he has held the position of corporation clerk and director of the Central Manufacturing Company, Boston, and is to-day vice-president of the Tack Manufacturers' Association of the United States. Mr. \\'illis first married July 3, 1872, Miss Mary Eliza Barrett, eldest daughter of the Rev. Fiske Barrett. She died July 5, 1878, leaving a daughter, Annie Mira, who died two years after, si.x years old. His present wife was Miss .Susan Flla, only daughter of the Hon. P'rancis A. and Susan (Holbrook) Hobart. They have one son, George Dallas Wil- lis, Jr., thirteen years of age. generation of William Wilson who was in Concord in 1680, town clerk eight years, selectman seven- teen consecutive years, and representative ten years. His great-great-grandfather, William Wil- son, grandson of the first William Wilson, joined the army early in the Revolution, and died in camp at Winter Hill during the siege of Boston. His great-grandfather, Samuel, was also in the Revolu- tionary War during the year 1776, and died at Stoddard, N.H., in 1844, aged eighty-five. His grandfather, William Wilson, was a prominent citizen of Stoddard, being a selectman thirteen years, and died at eighty-seven. Mr. A\'ilson is also in the eighth generation from Thomas Gould, of Charlestown. there settled before 1640. He was pastor of the first Baptist church in the colony. On the maternal side Mr. Wilson is descended from a family of the so-called Scotch- Irish settlers of Londonderry, N.H. His early education was acquired in the district schools in Cheshire County, N.H., and at a select school for a few months in the autumn seasons for three or four years. He was graduated at Cornell Uni- versity in 1872. For a year after graduation he E. V. WILSON. WILSON, pjicAR Vinton, of Athol, member of the bar, was born in Winchendon, July i, 1847, taught school in New York State, and then entered son of Frederic A. and Cordelia R. (Mack) the law office of Wheeler & Faulkner in Keene, Wilson. He is a descendant in the seventh N.H. He was admitted to the bar at Keene in MEN OF PROGRESS. 699 April, 1875, and at Greciilicjlcl, Mass., in Marcli, 1876. He began practice in Keene, where he re- mained until January, 1876, then was in Orange, Mass., for a few months, and thence removed to Athoi, where he has been established ever since, with the exception of three months in Newport, N.H., in the winter of 187S. From 1887 to 1893 Mr. Wilson was a member of the Athol School Committee, and a library trustee for the same years. While a member of the School Board he exerted himself to introduce modern methods into the schools, and three model buildings were erected in that lime ; and while on the library committee he reclassified the books, and was active in the selection of books that the institution might be helpful to the schools. He was appointed a member of the committee to consider a system of sewers for the town ; was a member of the com- mittee which procured plans ; and is now chair- man of the sewer commissioners, having charge of the construction of a full system. He is a Free- mason, member of Star Lodge of which he was for three years master, of Union Royal Arch Chap- ter, two years high priest, and of Athol Comman- dery, Knights Templar. He is also past chancellor of Corinthian Lodge No. 76, Knights of Pythias, past master workman of Artisan Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen, and a member of the order of the Eastern Star. In politics he is Inde- pendent ; and he has never been a candidate for any political office. Mr. Wilson was married in Cambridge, July 23, 1879, to Miss Emma M. Pollard, of Woodstock, Yt. They have no chil- dren. there in February, 1872, he settled in Springfield the following May, and fnmi that lime to the present has been engaged in a large and success- YOUNG, William Huri Antonio, M.L)., of Springfield, was born in Lowell, September 15, 1836, son of Hezekiah and Mahala (Dame) Young. Roth parents were natives of New Hamp- shire, his father born in Gilmanton, and his mother in Meredith Bridge. His grandparents on both sides were also of the Granite State, Joseph and Sarah Young having been born in Gilmanton, and James and Susan Dame in Meredith Bridge (Laconia). He was educated in the public schools of Lowell and in (jilmanton, N.H. He began the study of medicine in 1S61 with Dr. James Monroe Templeton, an eminent physician and surgeon of Montpelier, Vt., and studied and practised in Montpelier and the adjoining towns for eight years. Then he went to New York, and entered the Eclectic Medical College. Graduating W. H. A. YOUNG. ful practice there, his patients including some of the best known people of the city. He has been a member of the Massachusetts Eclectic Medical Society since January, 1881, and of the National Eclectic Medical Society since June, 1882. Dr. Young was married in Springfield, November 6, 1879, to Miss Jane M. Rice, daughter of Charles G. Rice, of that city. ZIFXJLER, ALi'REn .\rthur, of Boston, elec- trician and manufacturer, is a native of Switzer- land, born at .Arbon (Lake Constance), Canton Thurgau, October 15, 1864, son of J. Jacob and Emilie (Habisreutinger) Ziegler. His grand- parents were steadfastly interested in agriculture, besides being large manufacturers of cotton and worsted goods, which were exported to Italy, Tur- key, and America, and employing about one thou- sand hands, men and women. His father was active for many years in the same business. The latter was also in public life, serving fifteen years in the Legislature in his native State, and holding 700 MEN OF PROGRESS. various offices in town and districts. In 1847 ^e was in the military service of Switzerland as lieu- tenant, during a short war in behalf of an un- ALFRED ARTHUR ZIEGLER. divided confederation against the secessionistic cantons. An eye trouble prevented him from taking a higher rank than captain. Alfred A. spent a short time in the public schools of St. Gall, Switzerland, and then coming to America with his parents after the Franco-Prussian war, in 1S70, they having decided to join their rela- tives in Boston, continued his education in the Boston and Maiden public schools. After finish- ing at school, he took a special course in electri- cal engineering with an expert, covering about a year and a quarter. In 1880 he began an ap- prenticeship with Charles Williams, Jr., manufact- urer of scientific apparatus, model and experi- mental work, in Boston. .Vfter a four years' training there, he worked as a journeyman for one year, and then spent some time in the South Boston Iron Works to get the benefit of handling large machinery, studying electrical engineering evenings and at other spare times, which course he continued for two years. In 1886 he entered the electric lighting business, starting, and mak- ing the first experiments, with the Schaefer Elec- tric Manufacturing Company, on its incandescent lamps and other apparatus. A year later he re- turned to the old works of Charles Williams, who had been succeeded by Albert L. Russell, and remained there until the establishment was burned out early in 1889, and Mr. Russell retired from the manufacture of apparatus. He then started in business for himself in the same line, — the manufacture of fine electrical and mechanical instruments, — forming a partnership with his brother, J. Oscar Ziegler, under the firm name of Ziegler Brothers, at No. 73 Federal Street. The business was carried on successfully here for five years, the number of employees increasing from one employed at the beginning to twenty-two and at times thirty. In the spring of 1894 removal was made to new and much larger quarters, giving three times the floor space of the former place ; and the entire stock and good will of the firm of A. P. Gage & Son, dealers chiefly in physical and chemical apparatus, and for whom the Ziegler Brothers had previously manufactured the most of such apparatus, were bought out. In August following the Ziegler Electric Company was formed, and incorporated under the laws of Mas- sachusetts, with a capital of twenty-five thousand dollars ; and Mr. Ziegler was elected the president and general manager. This company, combining the entire trade of Ziegler Brothers and A. P. Gage & Son, so extensively extended its facilities in the manufacture and sales department that it now has the finest workshops and selling depart- ment in this branch of trade in New England. It is stocked with apparatus fully to equip the highest grade of colleges, high schools, grammar or graded schools, besides other apparatus, in- cluding fire and burglar alarm, electric lighting, telephone and telegraph instruments, and also dynamos for power and hand use. The manu- facture of all apparatus called for in Professor A. P. Gage's series of text-books on Physics is one of its specialties, as well as the so-called Harvard apparatus. Its business extends all over North America, but is chiefly in the Middle and Western States of the Union. Several men are steadily employed in designing and producing new appa- ratus for the company, to keep up with the rapid development of this electrical age. Mr. Ziegler was married October 18, 1892, to Miss Magde- line Elizabeth Dorr, born and educated in Boston. They have one son : Alfred Arthur Ziegler. PART IX. ABBOTT, John Hammill, M.D., of Fall RivL-r, is a native of Fall River, born August ii, 1848, son of James and Catharine (Henry) Abbott. His fatiicr was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1813, and died in Fall River, February 17, 1875; and his mother was a native of Lancashire, England, born in 1810: she died in Fall River, July 15, 1S93. Dr. Abbott was educated in the public schools of Rhode Island and at the Providence Conference Seminary, East Greenwich, and the Fruit Hill Seminary, North Providence, R.I. His studies for his profession were at the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, from which he was graduated March 9, 1872. He began practice JOHN H. ABBOTT. inunediately after his graduation in the town of Centreville, R.I., and continued there until Sep- tember, 1873, when he returned to Fall River, where he has been established since. During the Civil War he served in the United States Signal Corps, and was honorably discharged therefrom as sergeant in July, 1865 ; and a few years later, in 1868-69, li*^ ^^'^s '" ''^s United States navy as apothecary on board the United States monitor "Saugus." Dr. Abbott is prominent in fraternal organizations, being a thirty-second degree Mason, a foremost Knight of Pythias, a member of the Odd F'ellows, of the Order of Elks, and of numer- ous beneficiary orders. In the Knights of Pyth- ias, beginning as a charter member of Mt. Ver- non Lodge, No. 157, Fall River, he has passed through all the chairs, and was elected grand chancellor of Massachusetts February, 1891. He has been brigadier-general of the uniform rank of the order of this State since July 24, 1889, having been on July 24, 1893, re-elected to the command for four years. At the session of the Grand Lodge in 1895 he was elected supreme representative for four years from January, 1896. Dr. Abbott has also held prominent place in the Grand Army of the Republic. He was com- mander of Richard Borden Post, No. 46, for four successive years ; served as inspector on the staff of Department Commander Billings in 1880; and has been twice elected national delegate, first at Portland, Me., and the last time at Indianapolis, Ind. For three years he served as colonel and assistant quartermaster-general on the staff' of Governor Oliver .\mes. In politics he is a stanch Republican, always ready to give and take blows in political fights, but feeling no re- sentment after the contest toward those who were lined up against his side. He was chairman of the Fall River Republican city committee for three years, and represented the Second Bristol District on the Republican State Central (..'ommit- tee for a similar period. He went to the National Republican Convention at Chicago as an alter- nate, and as delegate to the Minneapolis Conven- tion. In F'all River he has served in the Com- 702 MEN OF PROGRESS. mon Council as a representative for Ward ( )ne in 1877. Dr. Abljott was married April 27, 1878, to Miss Lizzie Reynolds, of St. John, Newfound- land. They have no children. ADAMS, Rev. Wu.liam W'isner, of Fall River, pastor of the First Congregational Church for up- ward of thirty years, is a native of Ohio, born in Fainesville, August 15, 1831, son of the Rev. Will- iam Murphy Adams, a Fresbyterian clergyman, and Sophia Cooley (F'arnsworth) Adams. He is remotely connected with the presidential famil}-. His early education was acquired in Illinois from September, 1837, to August, 185 1. He attended pri\'ate school in Rockton, \\'innebago County, through 1841-44 (there were no public schools of any account there at that time), and, while liv- ing in Chicago, 1845-51, attended an academy for two terms. Most of his fitting for college was by private study in an office, after nine o'clock P.M., when his day's work was done. He entered Williams College, and graduated in 1855, having the " metaphysical oration " at Connnencement. WM. W. ADAMS. Eighteen years after, in 1873, he received the degree of D.D. from his alma mafcr. After grad- uation from the college he took the regular course of the LTnion Theological Seminary, New York City, from 1855 to 1858. He was licensed to preach by the Fresbytery of Chicago in the sum- mer of 1858. He first preached in Burlington, La., for about si.x months in 1858-59, to a newly organized Fresbyterian church, which died of financial debility soon after he left it. 'Fhe only man of any means who was member of the church was the late Hon. John ]\L Corse, then a book- seller, general in the federal army during the Civil \\'ar (the hero of Allatoona) and still later post- master of Boston. Mr. Corse loaned Mr. Adams money enough comfortably to fit up a large room in a business block for his "study." Some months after he was obliged to sell the furnishings of the room at auction in order to pa\- his bills and get back to the home of his brother-in-law in Chicago (who had been his foster-father). The loan from Mr. Corse was paid some time after. From April i to December i, 1859, Mr. Adams was preaching for little or nothing in the way of pay. Then an opening appeared, and he became a Congregational home missionary at Como, Whitesides County, 111. In this occupation he spent a pleasant and profitable year, from Decem- ber, 1859, to December, i860. On the 26th of January, i860, he was ordained at Como by a Congregational council, composed of representa- tives of four different denominations. From the I St of January, 1861, to the ist of April, 1863, he was acting pastor of the First Fresbyterian Church of Beloit, Wis., and while there was also for a few months acting professor of German in Beloit College. On the 8th of November, 1863, he preached a second Sunday as a " candidate " in the First Congregational Church, Fall River ; and he has been in the ser\ice of that church from that day to this. He was not installed, however, until September 14, 1864. iM'om the beginning of July, 1 88 1, to September, 1S82, the church gave him leave of absence for a foreign tour, paying all his expenses and supplying his pulpit meanwhile. During his journeyings he \'isited England, .Switzer- land, Germany, Italy, Egypt, Syria, Constantinople, Greece, and spent a little time in other countries. In 1875 he was elected professor of homiletics in the Hartford Theological Seminary, but a precari- ous condition of his health at that time forbade him to undertake work which would require con- stant application. He was afterward asked to consider the professorship of theology in the same institution, but was not elected because he was MEN OF PROGRESS. /'-'J loo •' achanccd." Dr. Adams has written sonic magazine articles, — chiefly for the Andovcr Kt- vit-w, — and has had quite a number of sermons pubhshed. He has been closely a stayer at home, and by taste as well as necessity a student. The only club he has ever been a member of is the Congregational Club of Fall River, of which he was the first president. Dr. Adams was married October i8, 1S64, to Miss Mary Augusta Cooper, of Beloit, \Ms. They had no children. Mrs. Adams died, after a lingering and painful disease, September 2, 1891. the army, first as assistant siugeon of the Seventh Massachusetts Volunteers (appointed to that po- sition in May, 186 1 ), and subsequently as surgeon ADAMS, Zaudiel Boylston, M.D., of Fram- inghani, is a native of Boston, born October 25, 1829, son of Zabdiel Bo\-lston and Sarah May (Holland) Adams. He is a direct descendant of Henry Adams, settled in Wollaston 1620-30. Henry's youngest son Joseph had a son Joseph, Jr., who married for his second wife Hannah Bass. Of their children, John, the fourth child, married Susannah Boylston, and Ebenezer, the youngest, married Annie Boylston, both nieces of Dr. Zabdiel Boylston. John and Susannah were parents of John Adams, President of the United States. Colonel Ebenezer Adams was the great- great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch. Dr. Adams's maternal grandmother was Sarah May, daugliter of Samuel May and Abigail Will- iams (descendants of John May, of Mayfield, Sus- sex, in Ro.xbury in 1640), parents of Colonel Joiin and Colonel Joseph May and of SamuelAIay, of Boston. Dr. Adams attended the Boston public schools, receiving a Franklin medal at the Boylston School, and also at the Public Latin school ; matriculated and spent three years at Harvard, 1846-48; graduated at Bowdoin in 1S49. He studied medicine in the Tremont Medical School and at Harvard Medical School, and was further trained for his profession by experience in the hospital at Deer Island. After taking his degree of M.D. at the Harvard Medical School in 1853, he went abroad, and studied some time in Paris. Lpon his return lie became assistant physician in the Taunton Insane Hospital, and afterward set- tled in Boston on the death of his father in Janu- ary, 1855, and was attached to the Boston Dis- pensary. He removed to Roxbury after the Civil War, and settled in Framingham two years later, where he has since been prominently engaged in practice. During the war Dr. Adams served in Z. BOYLSTON ADAMS. of the Thirty-second Massachusetts Regiment, ap- pointed in May, 1S62. While with the Seventh Massachusetts Regiment, he took part in the bat- tles of Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1S62, and Fair ( )aks, or Seven Pines ; and, while surgeon of the Thirty-second Regiment, he was at Harrison Landing and in the second battle of Bull Run and battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellors- ville, and Gettysburg. In 1864 he was made cap- tain and subsequently brevet major of the Fifty- sixth Massachusetts Regiment, being brevetted " for gallantry and meritorious conduct in the assault before Petersburg, Va.," April 2, 1865. While captain, he was in the battle of the Wilder- ness. He was wounded three times, and w-as a prisoner (w'ounded) in Lynchburg and Libby prisons. Dr. Adams has been president of the Middlesex South District .Medical Society (1883- 84), vice-president of the ^Llssachusetts Medical Society (1894), and president of the Medico-Legal Society of Massachusetts (1892-93-94-95). He has also been a member of the Medical Improve- ment, Medical Observation, Obstetrical, .Medical Benevolent, Natural History, and other societies 704 MEN OF PROGRESS. in Boston. He became a member of the Militaiy Order of the Loyal Legion in 1867, and has been junior vice-commander of that organization. He is also a member of the L^nion Veterans' L^nion. Dr. Adams was married December 8, 1870, to Miss Frances Ann Kidder, of Boston, daughter of Francis Dana Kidder. They have two children : Frances I'oylston and Zabdiel Boylston Adams. AMORY, Robert, M.D., of Brookline, is a native of F!oston, born May 3. 1842, son of James Sullivan and Mary Copley (Greene) Amory. His ROBERT AMORY. paternal grandparents were Jonathan Amory and Mehitable (Sullivan) Amory, daughter of Gover- nor James Sullivan of Massachusetts, who was the only governor who died during his term of office (namely, 1787). On the maternal side he is a de- scendant of John Singleton Copley, through his grandmother, daughter of Elizabeth Clark (Copley) and Gardiner Greene. His early education was acquired at the old Epes Sargent Di.Ywell's school. He w'as graduated at Harvard College, A.K., in 1863, from the Medical School in 1866, then also receiving the degree of A.M. from the college. In the spring of the same year he was interne at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Subse- quently he studied in Professor Tardieu's labora- tory at Paris and at Dublin Rotunda Lying-in Hospital. In 1868 he became lecturer in physio- logical medicine at the Harvard Medical School, and later professor of physiology in the Bowdoin College Medical School in Maine. He has been medical examiner for Norfolk County for six years, and has served as assistant surgeon, sur- geon, and medical director of the Massachusetts militia. He is the author of a number of notable contributions to the medical literature of the day, his works including : " Physiological and Thera- peutical Action of Bromides of Potassium and Ammonium," published in Boston in 1872, written in conjunction with Dr. Edward H. Clarke; "Whar- ton and Stille's Medical Jurisprudence," fourth and fifth editions, Philadelphia, 1882, prepared with Professor Edward S. \\'ood ; " A Treatise on Electrolysis in Medicine," New York, 1886 : and several articles in medical journals in London, New York, Philadelphia, and Boston. He was also the editor and translator of Professor Kiiss's " Lectures on Physiology," published in Boston in 1875. He has held leading positions in medical societies, having been a trial commissioner of the Massachusetts Medical Society, secretary and afterward president of the Massachusetts Medico- Legal Society, treasurer of the Society of Medical Sciences, secretary and afterward president of the Norfolk Medical Society ; and he has for some years been a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In Brookline town affairs I )r. Amory has served nine years as secretary of tiie School Committee, and six years as a trustee of the Public Library. He has been and is also now concerned in business afifairs as president and manager of the Brookline Gas Light Com- pany. He is a member of the St. Botolph, Algon- quin, Somerset, and University clubs of Boston, and of the University club of New York. Dr. Amory was married first, in May, 1864, to Miss Mary Appleton Lawrence. She died in 1882, leaving a daughter, Alice, born in May, 1865. He married second, in September, 1884, Miss Katharine Leighton Crehore. Their children are : Robert, Jr., Mary Copley, and Katharine Amory. APPLETON, Francis Henry, of Peabody and Boston, connected with manufacturing and business corporations and with agricultural in- terests, is a native of Boston, born June 17, 1847, MEN OF PROGRESS. 705 soil of Francis Henr_v Applt-loii (A. II., LL.l!., Ilar\ar) FRANCIS H. APPLETON. second vice-president 1894 and 1895 : was a trustee from 1870 to 1875, and is now president of the New England Agricultural Societ)- ; has been a trustee of the State Agricultural College since 1887 ; and is now president of the Boston Poultry Association, incorporated in 1895. He has also been a trustee (elected for two six-year terms), and was president at the time of his resig- nation, of the Peabody Institute of Peabody, founded by George Peabody as a library and for lectures; a trustee since 1883 and secretary and librarian of the Massachusetts Society for Promot- ing Agriculture, incorporated in 1792 at the re- quest of leading business men of that day, who 7o6 MEN OF PROGRESS. were also agriculturists ; vice-president for Massa- chusetts of tile American Forestry Association since 1892; vice-president of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society since 1892 ; a life member of the New York State Agricultural Society from 1872; and for some time a member of the Field Meeting committee of the Essex Institute of Salem. From 1873 to 1875 he was curator of the Bussey Institution (agricultural) of Harvard Uni- versity. He was the writer of the Report on Agriculture at the Vienna E.xposition in 1873, for the Massachusetts Commission. In politics Mr. Appleton is a Republican, and active in party service. He was a delegate to the National Re- publican Convention in 1892 from the Fifth Massachusetts Congressional District, and in 1894 was elected president of the Republican Club of Massachusetts. In 1891 and 1892 he was a member of the lower house of the I^egislat- ure for Peabody. He has long been connected with the First Corps of Cadets, Massachusetts Militia, holding the rank of Captain of Company A since 1879. He is a member of the following clubs at Harvard University, — Institute of 1770, Delta Kappa Epsilon (chapter A), Porcellian, A.D., and Hasty Pudding; a member of the Som- erset and University clubs of Boston ; and is pres- ident of the Alumni Association of St. Paul's School at Concord, N.H. Mr. Appleton was married June 2, 1874, to Miss Fanny Rollins Tappan. They have had five children : Marian. John (died young). Amy Silsbee, F'rancis Henry, Jr., and Henry Saltonstall Appleton. Mr. Apple- ton resides in Boston a portion of the year. While in this office, he completed the legacies of unfinished w^ork left by former administrations, — namely, the Horace .Mann School for Deaf-mutes .ATWOOI), H.-^RRisoN Henry, of Boston, architect, is a native of Vermont, born in North Londonderry, .\ugust 26, 1863. son of Peter Clark and Helen Marion (.\ldrich) Atwood. His parents removed to Massachusetts when he was a child, and he was educated in the public schools of Charlestown and of Boston proper, .\fter leaving school, he was for some time in the law office of Godfrey Morse and John R. Bullard in Boston, and then took up the study of archi- tecture. He was for four years with the late Samuel J. F. Thayer, and a year with George A. Clough, the first city architect of IJoston, there- after practising successfully until May, 1889, when he was appointed by Mayor Hart to the position of city architect, succeeding Charles J. Bateman. H. H. ATWOOD. on the Back Bay, the South Boston Grammar School, the Roxbury High School, and several minor buildings, — and laid out, completed, or con- tracted for much important work. The list of his buildings comprises four of the finest public school- houses in New England, — namely, the Henry L. Pierce Grammar School, Dorchester District, the Prince Primary School, St. Botolph Street, Back Bay, the Bowditch Grammar School, Jamaica Plain District, and the Adams Primary School, Fast Boston (all of these buildings placed in one single contract, a method of doing the public work never before or since attempted by the architect's de- partment), — four or five engine-houses erected for the fire department in East Boston, Jamaica Plain District, South Boston, the Brighton District, and the city proper, and several structures for the police, water, sewer, and park departments. Mr. Atwood's service as city architect covered the two years of Mayor Hart's administration. During the previous three years, 1887-89, he was a member of the lower house of the Legislature for the F.ighth Suffolk District, serving on the committees on State House, liquor law. mercantile aft'airs, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 707 cities. In 1888 he was nii aUcninte dciuj;atc from tiie old Fourth Congressional District to the National Republican Convention at Chicago ; in 1892, a delegate from the new 'I'entii District to the convention at Minneapolis, and the nominee of his party for Congress in the autumn of the same year, but defeated at the polls by si.x hundred and eighty-four votes. Again nominated in the autumn of 1894, he was elected by a thousand plurality, after one of the most extraordinary and exciting campaigns ever witnessed in the Commonwealth, to represent the Tenth Congressional District, being tlie youngest member of the Fifty-fourth House. Mr. Atwood has been a member of the Boston Republican ward and city committee since 1884, serving four years as secretary of the organ- ization ; and he was for two years a member of the Republican State Central Committee. He is a member of St. John's Lodge, F'reemason, of St. Paul's Chapter, and lioston Commandery, and is also an Odd Fellow. He was married in Bos- ton, September 11, 1889, to Miss Clara Stein, eldest daughter of John August and Sophia Johann (Kupferj Stein. They have two sons: Harrison Henry, Jr., and August Stein Atwood. During the succeeding years he has been engaged in a large and extensive business. His practice is almost wholly confined to the courts, where he has been employed as chief counsel in many im- portant trials. Among his notable cases were the conspiracy suit of the Rev. VV. \V. Downs f. Joseph Story ct a/., in which, being counsel for the plaintiff, he obtained a verdict of ten thou- sand dollars for his client, before a jury ; the suit of Whelton v. West End Street Railway Com- pany, tried in 1895, being a suit for personal in- juries, in which the jury found a verdict for him for seventy-one hundred dollars : and the State of Connecticut r. Dr. George E. Whitten, charged with murder in the second degree, 1895, in which he succeeded in getting his client released on a writ of habeas corpus in the United .States Circuit Court, in a writ directed to the sheriff of the county court at New Haven claiming that the defendant was detained of his liberty "without due process of law and in violation of the Consti- tution of the United States." This latter case is noted because it attracted the attention of both States. Mr. Baker makes it a point never to go B.'VKER, \\'iLLiAM Henry, of Boston, member of the bar, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Cornville, Somerset County, July 22, 1865, son of Jarvis E. and Eliza Ann (McKinney) Baker. His paternal grandfather, William Baker, resided in New Brunswick, about twelve miles from Houllon, Me., and was a farmer ; and his maternal grand- father, Henry McKinney, of Madison, Me., was also a farmer. The latter came originally from the vicinity of Portland, Me., and was of Scotch- Irish descent. William H. was reared on a farm, and educated first in the common schools of Nor- ridgewock. Me., and later at the Eaton School, in the same place, then well known through the country as a family school for boys, from which he graduated June 22. 1S83. The next two years he spent in Boston, engaged as a book-keeper, and part of the time reading law evenings. In Oc- tober, 1885, he entered the Boston University Law School, and, taking the full course, graduated therefrom with the regular degree of LL.B. in June, 1887. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar on the 6th of August following, and in September to the Somerset County bar, in Maine, and began practice in Boston on October 16, 1887. WILLIAM H. BAKER. into any trial without being thoroughly informed as to the law in the case. He has w'on numerous cases by keen cross-examination, but where he 7o8 MEN OF PROGRESS. i has succeeded best has been in his closing ad- dress to the jury. In politics he is an earnest Republican, but the only political work that he has done has been in making speeches for the Republican party in the campaign of 1892. He was married October 11, 1893, to Miss Lottie E. Stevens, of Oakland, Me. They Jiave no chil- dren. WiLBERT S. BARTLETT. BARTLETT, Wilbert Seymour, of Boston, real estate operator, is a native of Maine, born in the tow'n of lUuehill, P'ebruary 2, 1863, son of George S. and Susan M. (Hamilton) Bartlett. He is a descendant of one of the three brothers Bartlett who first came to this country, being of the Maine branch. His ancestors originally set- tled on what is known as Bartlett's Islands. His paternal grandfather was one of the first to extract oil from the pogie, then very numerous along the New England shore, which became quite a famous industry in the history of Maine, and which after- ward brought millions of dollars into the State. He was educated at the Waterville (Me.) Classi- cal Institute, and prepared for college; but, his health failing, he went \\'est instead. He re- mained there three years recuperating his health. Then, returning East, he entered the real estate business in Boston, with which he has since been occupied. He has made a specialty of develop- ing suburban properties, among which have been Russell Park in Melrose, in which houses worth from five to ten thousand dollars each have been erected, and the estimated value of the property is five hundred thousand dollars ; Belmont Park, in which is three hundred thousand dollars worth of property; and other pieces in Watertown, Newton, and Revere. Mr. Bartlett is a member of the order of Odd lY'llows. In politics he is a Democrat. He was married in March, 1888, to Miss Carrie Claus, of Boston. His residence is at Belmont. BATCHELDER, Henrv Flanders, M.l)., uf Danxers, was born in Middleton, C)ctober 10, i860, son of John A. and Laura A. (Couch) Batchelder. He is a grandson of the late Colonel Amos Batchelder, of Middleton. He was edu- cated in the Salem public schools, graduating from the High School, and studied medicine in the Boston University School of Medicine, where he was graduated with the degree of C.B. (bachelor of surgery) in 1882, and M.I), in HENRY F. BATCHELDER. 1883. He began practice in 1S83 in his native town, and two years later removed to Danvers, where he has since been actively engaged. He MEN OF PROGRESS. 709 was president of the Kssex County Homteopathic Medical Society in iiS84, and vice-president of the Massachusetts Surgical and Gynaecological Society in 1892. He has also been some years a member of the American Institute of Homtt- opathy. He is a Freemason, member of Amity Lodge of Dan vers. In politics he is a Republi- can. Dr. ISatchelder was married April 30, 1884, to Miss Caroline E. Taft, of Dedham. They have one child : Hollis Goodell Batchelder. married to Miss Amy M. Cheney, of Boston, the brilliant pianist and composer, whose work is highly appreciated by tlie musical public. Of her BEACH, Henrv Harris Auiirev. M.I)., ISos- ton, is a native of Middletown. Conn., born De- cember 18, 1843, son of Elijah and Lucy S. (Riley) Beach. A few years after his birth the family moved to Cambridge, Mass., where he was educated. At the age of twenty he entered the regular army, and was assigned to responsible hospital service. In this work he was actively occupied until a year after the close of the Civil War, when he was honorably discharged from the service, and appointed a surgical house officer at the Massachusetts General Hospital. He took the regular Harvard Medical School course, and upon his graduation in 1868 at once began practice in Boston, at the same time serving as surgeon to the Boston Dispensary. Soon after graduation, also, he received the university appointment of "assistant demonstrator." Sub- sequently he was promoted to the position of demonstrator of anatomy in the Medical School, and for fifteen years continued the teach- ing of practical anatomy there in connection with the lectures of Professor Oliver Wendell Holmes. Since that tiine he has devoted his teaching to the department of clinical surgery at the Massa- chusetts General Hospital, with which he has been actively associated as a surgeon for twenty- two years. For two years he was associate editor of the Boston Mtuiira/ and Sur^^ica! Joiinial : and during the years 1873-74 he was president of the lioylston Medical Society of Harvard University. As member of the local medical societies, — the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston So- ciety for Medical Sciences, the Society for Medi- cal Improvement, and the Society for Medical Observation, — he has contributed many valuable professional articles to various medical publica- tions. In 187 1 Dr. ISeach married Miss Alice, the daughter of Edward D. Mandell, of New Bedford, who died in 1880. In 1885 he was H. H. A. BEACH. Mass in E-flat, announced by the Handel and Haydn Society as one of the features of the season of 1892, it was said in the secretary's cir- cular : "All who have obtained acquaintance with it are unanimous in their admiration of its beauty, brilliancy, and strength. .\ work of such magni- tude by a woman makes a positive addition to the history of music." The success of her later work, " Festival Jubilate," written by request for the Columbian pAposition in 1893, has broadened her reputation until it is already of national char- acter. ISE.VL, |i)HN \.\x, of Randolph and Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Ran- dolph, born July 3, 1842, son of Eleazer and Mary (Thayer) Beal. He is a descendant in the direct line of John Beal, who came from Hingham, England, to lioston, in the ship " Diligent," in 1638, and settled in Hingham, Mass. : married first Nazareth Hobart, sister of the Rev. Peter Hobart, the first minister of Hingham, and second Mary Jacob, widow of Nicholas Jacob, and died in Hingham in 1688. Israel, a great-grandson of 7IO MEN OF PROGRESS. John Beal, born in Hingham in 1726, was the first of the family to settle in Randolph, moving there about 1751, when he married Eunice Flagg. His son Eleazer, born in Randolph in 17 58, in the latter part of the eighteenth century pur- chased a homestead of about one hundred acres, which is still owned by Joiin Van Beal and his brother. Eleazer, the father of John Van, was the third of that name in the family and town. He was born in Randolph in 1808, and died there in 1 89 1. In early life he was a school-teacher, afterward a manufacturer of boots and shoes, be- coming before 1837 the most extensive manu- % •»mt JOHN V. BEAL. facturer in that line in the town; ne.xt a civil engineer, and interested in the building of a branch of the Old Colony Railroad to Fall River ; then for ten years (1844-54) town clerk and treasurer of Randolph ; a representative in the General Court in 1848; and in 1861 Democratic candidate for Congress in the Third District. At an early age he passed through all the military honors of that day in the old Massachusetts mili- tia up to the title of colonel, by which he was afterward known. His old commission papers are still in his son's possession. He was elected general, but this rank he declined. John Van Deal's mother was a daughter of Micah and Phcebe (Stetson) Thayer, of Randolph. He was educated in the Randolph public schools, includ- ing the High School, and at Phillips (Andover) Academy, where he was fitted for college, and graduated in 1863. Being in ill-health, he did not enter college, but became a school-teacher. This occupation he followed, teaching successively in the intermediate, grammar, and high schools of Randolph until 187 1, when he entered the law othce of Jewell, Gaston, & Field, in Boston, as a student. Soon after he entered the Harvard Law School, where he received his degree of LL.B. by passing examinations in 1872. After further read- ing with Jewell, Gaston, & Field, he was admitted to the Suffolk bar June 10, 1873. He began practice in Randolph, and for the first three years confined himself to the local legal business. Then he extended his field to Boston, taking desk room in the office where he had studied as a student, the firm having become Jewell, Field, & Shepard. After the dissolution of this firm, through the death of Mr. Jewell and the appointment of Mr. F'ield to the Supreme Bench, he continued in the office with Mr. Shepard and J. C. Coombs until 1891, when he opened an office alone. His prac- tice has been general, mainly in the civil courts ; and he has made a specialty of probate matter. Mr. Beal has held no public office, preferring to remain a private citizen ; and he belongs to neither society nor club. He has never entered politics, "because,"' as he states, "of the means one is now obliged to adopt in order to secure an election." He is connected with the Congrega- tional church in Randolph, and has for many years served as clerk of the church organization. He has also held the position of superintendent of the Sunday-school for some time. As a repre- sentative of one of the oldest families of Ran- dolph and a foremost citizen, Mr. Beal was se- lected as orator on the occasion of the centennial celebration of Randolph, July 19, 1893 ; and the oration which he then delivered is now in press. Of his family, he and an invalid brother, who shares his home with him, are the last survivors. He has never married. BIGFLOW, George Brooks, of lioston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, April 25, 1836, son of Samuel and .Anna Jane (Brooks) Bigelow. On the paternal side he is a descendant of John Bigelow from England, settled in Water- MEN OF PROGRESS. 711 town ill 1636, tlirough the latter's son Joshua; and on tliu maternal side he descends from Joshua Hrooks. of Concord, ancestor of John lirooks, % S^ and Martha J. (Skinnerj iJlakc. lie is a de- scendant of William Blake, who came from Little Braddow, Essex, England, in 1630, first settled in Dorchester, and in 1636 removed with William I'ynchon and others to Springfield, whose de- scendants, however, continued to reside in Dor- chester and Boston. Two of them were deacons in the church and selectmen, and one was a member of the General Court. Dr. 'fhomas Dawes Blake, the grandfather of George F., Jr., long of Farming- ton, Me., was born in King (now State) Street, Boston, and educated in the schools of Worcester. Mr. Blake's maternal grandfather was William Skinner, of Fynnfield. George F. Blake, Jr., was educated in the pul)lic schools of Medford and of Belmont, to which town the family removed when he was a lad of ten, at Warren Academy in Woburn, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he graduated in the class of 1879. The year t88o was spent in a trip around the world ; and then he began business life in con- nection with the George F. Blake Manufacturing Company, steam pump manufacturers, and the Knowles Pump \\'orks, of which companies his GEORGE B. BIGELOW. governor of the State from 1816 to 1826. His early education he received at the old Chapman Hall School in Boston, and he graduated at Har- vard in the class of 1856. His law studies were pursued first in the Harvard Law School, and afterward in the law office of James Dana and Moses (iill Cobb in Boston : and he was ad- mitted to the bar December 31, 1859. He has practised his profession successfully in Boston since that time, devoting himself mainly to office practice pertaining to inercantile interests, probate matters, and real estate. He has been counsel of the Boston Five Cents Savings Bank (one of the largest in the State) for over seventeen years. In politics Mr. Bigelow has affiliated with the Re- publican party, but is independent in his views. He is a member of the Bostonian Society, of the Boston .\rt Club, the E.vchange Club, and the Boston Athletic Club. GEO. F. BLAKE. Jr. BLAKE, George Fdrdvce, Jr., of Worcester, father was president. He was with these con- dealer and manufacturer, is a native of Medford, cerns as draughtsman till 1884, when on the 28th born February 9, 1859, son of George Fordyce of February he entered the iron and steel trade yl2 WEN OF PROGRESS. at Worcester, forming a partnership under the name of Hlake, Boutwell, & Co. In October, 1891, his firm became George F. Blake, Jr., & Co. In May. 1893, an iron mill at W'areham was added to the business, and a store in Boston. Mr. Blake is also a trustee of the Worcester County Institution of Savings, and he was for three years a director of the Providence & Worcester Railroad Company. He is a member of the Worcester Board of Trade and of the Home Market Club. He belongs to several clubs in Worcester and Boston, — the Wor- cester, Commonwealth, and Quinsigamond Boat clubs of Worcester (president of the latter for two years) and the Athletic and Art clubs of Bos- ton. He was married April 29. 1885, to Miss Carrie Howard Turner, daughter of Job A. Turner, treasurer of the G. F. Blake Manufactur- ing Company and the Knowles Pump Works. They have one child : F'ordyce Turner Blake. BLANEY, Osgood Chandler, of Boston, manu- facturer, is a native of Boston, born January 20, i860, son of Irving and Annette (Chandler) OSGOOD C. BLANEY. William ('handler, one of the earliest settlers of Roxbury, coming in 1637. He was educated in the Boston public schools. The greater part of his business life has been devoted to the metal re- fining business, in which he has for many years been engaged with C. C. Blaney & Co. He is in politics an earnest Republican, and has been a member of the Republican city committee since 1888. He has served in the Common Council one term (1890), and is now sealer of weights and measures, having been appointed to that position in May, 1895. He is connected with the order of Odd Fellows, a member of Norfolk Lodge, No. 48, and is a member also of Upham Assembly, No. 61, Royal Society of Good Fellows. Mr. Blaney was married August 3, 1882, to Miss Eleanor Kieser. They have one child : Walter Clifton Blaney. Blaney. On the paternal side he is a descendant of William Blaney, who settled in Swampscott in 1751 ; and on the maternal side he descends from BOOTH BY, Alonzo, M.D., of Boston, is a native of Maine, born in Athens, Somerset County. March 5, 1840, son of Nathaniel and Martha M. Boothby. His father was a farmer, who settled in .\thens in 1838. He was educated in the local schools, at Athens Academy, and at Kent's Hill; and, early determining to become a sur- geon, he began at nineteen the study of medicine with Dr. Kinsman, then a leading physician in his native town. .Subsequently he attended two courses of lectures at Bowdoin College, and in 1861 went to New York, where he continued his studies under Dr. David Conant, who had been a professor in Bowdoin. .Soon after the Civil War broke out, he entered the Union service as a surgical dresser, acting as cadet, and, while pursuing this work, took a course in the George- town Medical College, D.C., from which he re- ceived his diploma in March, 1863. Later he became contract surgeon under Dr. Bliss, as- signed to Patent Office and Armory Square Gen- eral Hospitals, and in 1864 was commissioned first assistant surgeon to the Second L'nited States Colored Regiment, with which he re- mained a year as principal surgeon. In 1865 on account of impaired health, the result of his severe labors in hospital and field, he returned to his home in Maine, and two days after was stricken with yellow fever, which he contracted in Key West, where it was raging when he left his regiment on sick furlough. Before he left on sick leave he tendered hrs resignation, the accept- ance of which was not received till some time MEN OF PROGRESS. / '0 after his return home. Upon his recovery he re- moved to Wilton. Me., and there practised his profession two years. Then he came to Boston, surgery, and at the present time he is professor of gynecology. He is president of the Massachu- setts Homoeopathic Medical Society, past presi- dent of the Boston Homitopathic Medical Society, past president of the Massachusetts Surgical and Gyna;cological Society, member of the Massachu- setts Homceopathic Medical Society and of the American Institute of Homoeopathy. He has contributed various articles on his specialties to the medical journals. In early life he was promi- nent in the order of Odd Fellows : and he is now a Freemason, member of the Mt. Lebanon Lodge of Boston. Dr. Boothby was married April i. 1863, to Miss Maria A. Stodder, daughter of Reuben Stodder, of Athens, Me. They have one son : Walter Meredith Boothbv. BOYNTON, Joseph Jacksox, M.U., of Fram- ingham, is a native of Vermont, born in Stowe, June 9, 1S33, son of David and Melinda (Austin 1 Boynton. His education was largely attained through his own efforts and his persistency in the pursuit of study while supporting himself, having ALONZO BOOTHBY where he has been established since. In 1S66, after giving to the theory much study, and after a personal experience, having found relief from malarial fever through its employment, he adopted homceopathy, and soon became prominent in its practice. He w^as first appointed a visiting phy- sician to the Homoeopathic Dispensary, and was made a lecturer in the Boston University School of Medicine soon after its establishment in 1873. Further to perfect himself as a surgeon, he went abroad in 1883, and spent a year or more in the great hospitals of Berlin, Vienna, and Lon- don. Returning to Boston, he gradually relin- quished the general practice of medicine to devote himself e.xclusively to surgery. In 1889 he estab- lished his private surgical hospital on Worcester Square, now the largest private hospital in the city, continuing, however, his work as surgeon to the Homceopathic Hospital, with which he first be- came connected in 1878, and in other directions. In the Boston University Medical School he has been a demonstrator of anatomy, lecturer on anat- omy, professor of surgical anatoni)-, lecturer on chemical surgerv. associate professor of clinical I J. J. BOYNTON left home at the age of thirteen and made his own way from that time. For more tiian thirty years he studied evenings, finding instructors among his 714 MEN OF PROGRESS. acquaintances. He attended the district school until sixteen years of age, and then entered the People's Academy at Morrisville, Vt., where he spent a year. Afterward he taught school for three years. Meanwhile at about the time he en- tered the academy he had begun the study of med- icine, and walked eight miles to make his regular recitations to Dr. Huntoon, of Hyde Park, Vt. ; and he never wholly dropped the study by himself until he decided to attend a medical school. He first took two courses of medical lectures in the University of New York, and next two courses in the University of Vermont, where he graduated June 26, 187S. He lived in Stowe until 1881, beginning practice there, and then removed to Framingham, where he has since been engaged in the successful practice of both medicine and sur- gery. Dr. Boynton served in the Civil War, en- listing August 18, 1862. On the 8th of Septem- ber following he was elected captain of Company E, Thirteenth Regiment, Vermont Volunteers ; and on May 5, 1863 was made major. He was discharged July 21, 1863. Subsequently he en- tered the State Militia and was elected captain of Company D, Second Regiment Infantry, Decem- ber 31, 1864. On the loth of February the following year he was promoted to lieutenant colonel; and March 27, 1867, to colonel, which position he held for one year, and then resigned. In both Stowe and Framingham he has served in public place, having held all town offices except that of treasurer, and been a school committee- man for more than twenty years. For two terms, 1865 and 1866, he was a member of the Vermont Legislature for Stowe. Dr. Boynton was married first. May 11, 1852, to Miss Vadica Maria Fuller, of Stowe. She died December 6, 1S93. He mar- ried second, January 14, 1895, Mrs. Annie Itasca (Farris) Holland, of Boston. His children are : Alice Bingham (born October 30, 1855), Ada Delano (born March 31, i860), Joseph Stannard (born May 23, 1863), and Elcie Maria Boynton (born August 9, 187 1). Chester, Mass., and was subsequently a town officer. His great - great - grandfather graduated from Harvard College in 1742, and became a physician of prominence in Western Massachu- setts. His father, Dr. William G. Breck, was also a graduate of Harvard (1854), and practised his profession in Springfield for nearly forty years, being the leading surgeon of Western Massachu- setts, and dying at the age of seventy, very sud- denly, at the bedside of a patient in Chicopee, whom he had been called in consultation to see. Theodore F. was educated in private schools and at Williston Seminary, Easthampton. He studied BRECK, Theodore Frelinghuvsen, M.D., of Springfield, is a native of New York, born in the town of Vienna, July 29, 1844, son of Dr. William Gilman Breck and Mary (Van Deventer) Breck. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of Edward Breck, who came from Lancaster County, England, to this country in 1635, settled in Dor- ^■^^^ 0- ' ^^ • ^» «9» X THEODORE F. BRECK. medicine at the Harvard Medical School, and after graduation there, in April, 1866, went abroad, and continued his studies for two years, in 1867, 1869, in the hospitals of Vienna and Paris. In 1865 he served for some months in the Civil War as acting assistant surgeon. United States Army. Upon his return from Europe in 1869 he began regular practice, established in Springfield, as his father had been before him. Since 1870 he has been surgeon of the Boston & Albany Railroad, since 1877 medical examiner for the Second Dis- trict of Hampden County, and for some years surgeon of the Springfield Hospital. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of MEN OF PROGRESS. 715 the Massachusetts Medico-Legal Society, of the National Association of Railway Surgeons, of the Hampden District Medical Society (president in :888 and 1889), and of the Springfield Medical Club. He is vice-president of the Nyassett Club (social) of Springfield. Dr. Breck was married April iS, 1872, to Miss H. Cordelia Townsend, daughter of the late Elmer Townsend, of Boston. They have a daughter and a son : Helen Town- send and William Oilman Breck. BRODliECK, Rev. William Nast, D.D., pastor of Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, Charlestown District, Boston, is a native of Ohio, born at Marietta, June 25, 1847, son of Paul and Katharine (Whitbeck) Brodbeck. His father was born in Germany, but came to this country when but twenty-five years of age, and remained a citizen of the United States until his death. His mother was born in Kinderhook, N.V., and was a direct descendant of the Hollanders who early settled in that region. His early education was obtained in the public schools of Ohio. At the age of seventeen he entered upon a business career, which he successfully prosecuted for several years. After attaining his majority, he read law at Piqua, Ohio; but, before entering upon its practice, he was led to consecrate his life to the work of the ministry. He accordingly entered that of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the autumn of 1872, and has been continuously in active service up to the present. His first regular appointment was at Tippecanoe City, Ohio, where he was stationed two years. He was next placed in charge of Wright Chapel, Cincinnati, for a year, at the expiration of which time he was appointed to Avondale, Ohio, where he remained two years. He was then stationed at Trinity Church, Xenia, Ohio, where during a three years' pastorate a commodious parsonage was built, and other im- provements in the church property made. From Xenia he was sent to Springfield, Ohio, to take charge of a new enterprise ; and the result of his three years' labor there was the establishment of the present St. Paul Church and the erection of its beautiful edifice. He was next appointed to the First Church, Urbana, Ohio, where a great re- vival attended his ministry, in which more than three hundred persons were converted. At the end of his first year there, the bishop presiding at the Conference removed him to Walnut Hills Church, one of the most important charges in the Cincin- nati Conference, where he remodelled the church edifice, and had a most successful pastorate of eighteen months. At the expiration of that time he was transferred by the authorities of the church to New England, and stationed at the Tremont Street Church, Boston, where he re- mained during the extended term of five years. He was next appointed to Brookline, where he re- mained three years, nearly completing during his pastorate what will be the finest church edifice of the Methodist denomination in New England. From Brookline he came to his present charge, WM. N. BRODBECK. Trinity Church, Charlestown, where he is having a most successful pastorate. While pastor of the church at Brookline, he was elected general secretary of the Epworth League, the officially recognized young people's society of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, but declined the position because of the importance and extent of the work in which he was then engaged. During the year 1890-91 he was president of the Boston Metho- dist Preachers' Meeting, and during 1894-95 of the Evangelical Alliance of Boston and vicinity. He is also president of the New England Deaconess Home and Training School ; secretary of the Board of Trustees of Boston University; 7i6 MEN OF PROGRESS. member of the executive committees of the Metho- dist City Missionary and Church Extension Society, and of the Evangelistic Association of New England ; and a director of the Methodist Ministers' Relief Association. He received the degree of D.D. from the German Wallace College of Berea, Ohio, in 1892, and from the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, in 1894. Dr. Brodbeck is well known throughout Metho- dism, East and West, and is in demand for the dedication of churches and the presentation of the great questions of the day before conferences and conventions. He was one of the leading rep- resentatives from New England at the last General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and held important positions in that body. His ministry has been marked in every city by great religious awakenings. He has, by voice and pen, called the Church to aggressive work, and contrib- uted materially to the increase which has come to her fold. As a preacher, he is among the first of his denomination. A voice of much rich- ness, fine physique, deep evident conviction, and great personal magnetism enable him to win the people. Dr. Brodbeck was married November 12, 1872, to Miss Susan Boyd Carrington, of Piqua, Ohio. They have four children : Edith N., Bessie C, Paul E., and Mabel C. Brodbeck. BROWN, Charles Denison, of Boston, mill agent and manufacturer, is a native of Maine, born in Norway, February 16, 1836, son of Titus Olcott and Nancy (Denison) Brown. He was educated in the town school and at the Norway Liberal In- stitute (high school). He began active life as a clerk in a country store ; was next engaged in the sugar house of his uncle, the late J. B. Brown, in Portland, and then went into a paper mill, since which time he has been identified with manufact- uring interests. He is now vice-president and was one of the promotors of the Rumford Falls Power Company, Rumford Falls, Me. ; is presi- dent of the Somerset Fibre Company, a director of the Kennebec Fibre Company, the Androscoggin Pulp Company, the Umbagog Pulp Company, and the Sebago Wood Board Company ; and a stock- holder also in several other mills manufacturing pulp and wood pulp boards ; and treasurer of the Rumford Falls Woollen Company, manufacturing " Oxford " felts. He established the Boston house of Charles D. Brown & Co. (composed of himself and his son Charles A. Brown), for the sale of the products of these and other mills and of paper- makers' chemicals and supplies, in May, 1892. As agent for some of the above-mentioned com- panies and also of the Uncas Paper Company, the American Straw Board Company, the " Ontario " canvas dryer felts, the house handles large quanti- ties of straw and wood pulp boards, soda and sul- phite fibres, wood pulp, news, vegetable parchment and Manila papers, and its business extends throughout the United States as well as abroad. Its offices and salesroom now occupy a large double store and basement on Congress Street. Mr. CHAS. D. BROWN. Brown is a member of the Cumberland Club, Port- land, and of the Exchange Club, Boston. In politics he is a Republican. He married Decem- ber 20, i860. Miss .^bba F. Shurtleff. They have one son : Charles Alva Brown. BROWN, George Artemas, M.D., of Barre, superintendent of the Private Institution for the Education of Feeble-minded Youth, was born in Barre, April 18, 1858, son of Dr. George Brown and Catherine (Wood) Brown. On the paternal side he is descended from Thomas Brown, ad- mitted freeman March 14, 1638-39, and settled MEN OF PROGRESS. 717 in Cambridge, the line running as follows : Boaz Brown, born in 1641, lived in Concord; Thomas, born in 1667, died in 1739: Thomas, born in Concord, 1707, died in public service in 1766; Jonas, born in Concord, 1752, fought in the battle of Lexington, " and, though wounded, he pursued the enemy nine miles," commissioned ensign in the Continental army, and died in Temple, N.H., in 1834; Ephraim, born in Temple, N.H., July 12, 1790, died in Wilton, N.H., December 12, 1840; and George, father of George A., born October 11, 1823, died May 6, 1892, who built up the institution of which the latter is now the head, to its present position. On the maternal side Dr. Brown descends from William Wood, born in 1582, died in 1671, who came from Eng- land in 1638, and settled in Concord: Michael Wood, died in 1674; John Wood, died January 3, 1729; John Wood, born September 13, 1680, died July 2, 1746; Ensign John Wood, born March, 17 16, moved to Mason, N.H., and died December 9, 1785; Colonel James \\'ood, born November 4, 1755, died July 31, 1838 ; and Arte- mas Wood, born August 9, 1791, died June 30, 1866, who lived in Groton, and was a prominent man there. Dr. Brown was educated in the com- mon and High School, at Phillips (Andover) .Academy, graduating in 1876, and at Yale, where he graduated in 1880. He then studied medicine, and graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, in 1883. Associating himself with his father in the conduct of the Pri- vate Institution for the Eeeble-minded, he was made assistant superintendent in 1883 ; and, upon the death of his father. May 6, 1892, he became superintendent, in association with his mother. Under the administration of the family, which began in 1850 when his father took charge, the institution, which was the first of its kind in the country (established in 1848), early became cele- brated. It now consists of five houses or divi- sions for girls, boys, epileptics, and " custodials,'' — persons of intellectual ability, but unfitted to engage in business life or mingle in society be- cause of physical or cerebral infirmity, — and a farm department. It is arranged on the cottage |ilan, this system ha\ing, with the development of the institution, been adopted as best fitted to pre- serve the family type ; and the household is classi- lied in groups under the immediate super\ision of experienced officials, who give their whole ener- gies to the well-being of the inmates. There are within the grounds extensive stables, a gymna- sium, work-shops, bowling alley and rink, and conveniences for various outdoor games. The in- stitution is a purely private undertaking, without endowment or permanent funds. Dr. Brown has always lived in this work, and is thoroughly in- terested in its successful development. He has also been mucii concerned in movements for the benefit and improvement of his native town. He has been a member of the Town Library Commit- tee for ten years ; a director of the Barre Library .Association for six years, and is now (1895) its president ; director of the Barre Village Improve- CEO. A BROWN. ment Society for six years ; director and treasurer of the Glen Valley Cemetery Association for twelve years ; for some time a member of the Barre Board of Trade, and its present president (1895); and is now president of the Barre Water Company. He was largely instrumental in start- ing the last-mentioned company, becoming one of its incorporators and its largest stockholder. The works are now under construction at an es- timated cost of twenty-five thousand dollars ; and the enterprise, a most important one for so small a town as Barre, is well under way. Dr. Brown is interested in church (Congregational) affairs, and has been clerk of the Congregational parish 7i8 MEN OF PROGRESS. for ten 3-ears. He is a member of the Mas- Society, the Medico-Legal Society, and the Asso- sachusetts Medical Society, of the Worcester elation of Military Surgeons of the United States. County Medical Society, of the New England He belongs to the order of Freemasons, and is a Psychological Society, and of the Brookfield Med- ical Club. His social club affiliations are with the Winter Club and a church club. In politics he is a Republican, and was a delegate to the Republican State convention of 1894. Dr. Brown was married May i8, 1887, to Miss Susan E. Barnum, of Bethel, Conn. They have three children : George Percy, Catherine I)., and Don- /^ Jj^^ aid R. Brown. BROWN, Orlando Jonas, M.D., of North Adams, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Whitingham, Windham County, February 2, 1848, son of Harvey and Lucina (Fuller) Brown. His education was acquired in the public schools and at Powers Institute, Bernardston, Mass., where he spent several terms. He engaged in the occupation of school-teaching when but six- teen years of age, and so obtained the means for completing his academic training and fitting for his profession. He took the course of the med- ical department of the University of Vermont, and graduated there with the regular degree of M.D. in 1870, and devoted a year to study in the hos- pitals of New York. Then, settling in the town of Adams, this State, he began regular practice there in 187 1. Removing to North Adams the following year, he has since been identified with that town, meeting with success in his professional work and holding various public positions. In order to become familiar with the newer and most approved methods of practice, he has taken sev- eral special courses in hospitals and medical schools in New York and Chicago, studying par- ticularly diseases of women and children, in the treatment of which he is notably successful. He has been one of the medical examiners for Berk- shire County since 1882, assistant surgeon of the Second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Mili- tia, since 1878, and a health officer of North Adams the greater portion of the time since 1880. In 1889 he represented the First Berkshire Dis- trict in the State Legislature, where he served on the committee on public health and did much creditable work. He is a member and ex-presi- dent of the Medical Association of Northern Berk- shire and of the Berkshire District Medical So- ciety, and member of the Massachusetts Medical ORLANDO J. BROWN. member of the Board of Trade and of several be- nevolent organizations of North Adams. In poli- tics he is a Republican, and in religious faith a LTniversalist. He has been deacon of the First Universalist Church of North Adams since 1885, and superintendent of the Sunday-school since 1872. He was also a member of the building committee for the present church edifice of the society erected in 1S92. Dr. Brown was married first, November 22, 1871, to Miss Eva M. Hods- kins, who died October 14, 1873, at the birth of her child, William O. Brown, since deceased. He married second, September 13, 1876, Miss Ida M. Haskins, by whom he had two children : Agnes O. and Ida M. Brown. She died in 1881, at the birth of her second child. His present wife was Miss Alice T. Stowell, daughter of Edward and Celestia (Stevens) Stowell, whom he married December 16, 1884. They have no children. BROWNELL, Stephen Allen, of New Bed- ford, merchant and manufacturer, mayor of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 719 city 1894, was born in Westport, January 5, 1844, son of Ezra P. and Ann Maria (Allen) Brownell. His great-grandfather, Benjamin Brownell, his grandfather, Jireh Brownell, and his father, Elzra, were all residents of Westport, and all more or less honored by their fellow-townsmen by selec- tion for official position, his father especially hav- ing been frequently called to public place. He was educated in the common schools and at Pierce Academy, Middleborough. After leaving the academy, he taught country schools for four terms, and then began his business career. He was for si.x years a store-keeper and the post- master of Central Village, in Westport (from 1864 to 1870), and subsequently, after the death of his father, in association with his late father's partner for si.x years in the live cattle trade, to which was soon added the slaughtering of cattle. He came to New Bedford in 1878, and was first employed here by P. Cornell, wholesale meat- dealer, as manager. He remained in this position si.x years, then became a partner in the business, and six years later succeeded to the entire busi- ness of P. Cornell & Co., becoming the New ^ *5v^ S. A. BROWNELL. is now a director of the Dartmouth and West- port Electric Railroad, the New Bedford Safe Deposit and Trust Company, and the New Bed- ford Co-operative Bank. His public life was be- gun while he was a resident of Westport, as a member of the lower house of the Legislature, in 1870. In New Bedford he was first con- nected with the city government in 1886, when he was a member of the City Council. He was returned the following year, and then was elected to the Board of .Aldermen, where he served through the years 1888-90-91-92. He was first chosen to the mayoralty in the December elec- tion of 1893. As mayor, he is chairman of the Board of .Aldermen and the School Committee; and he is also chairman of the Board of Public Works, the Park Commission, the Water Board, and the trustees of the Free Public Library. In politics he is a Republican, and has been some time a member of the Republican city committee of New Bedford. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, a past master of Noquochoke Lodge, member of Adoniram Royal Arch Chapter, of Sutton Commandery Knights Templar, a Scottish Rite thirty-second degree Mason, and of the Mys- tic Shrine, Aleppo, Boston ; and is also a member of the Knights of Honor, the American Order of United Workmen, the New Bedford Lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Acushnet Lodge of Odd Fellows, and the Stella Lodge of Daughters of Rebecca. He is presi- dent and director of the Odd Fellows' Building Association of New Bedford. His club associa- tions are with the Wamsutta and Hunters' of New Bedford, the Mayors' Club of Massachusetts, and the Club of the Legislature of 1870. Mr. Brown- ell was married November 13, 1864, to Miss Mary L. Sisson, of Mattapoisett. They have had five children, three of whom died before reaching the age of three years. The others still living are : Albert R. Brownell and Mabel W., now Mrs. Albert Braley. Bedford agent of P. D. .Armour, of Chicago. Meanwhile he engaged in numerous other inter- ests, including manufacturing and banking. He CAMPBELL, Bexj.\min Franklin, M.D., of Boston, was born near Halifax, September 12, 1834, son of Benjamin W. H. and Isabel (Sutherland) Campbell. He is of Scotch descent, and his ances- tors were among the early settlers of New Eng- land. His education was begun in the common schools of his native place, and finished in New- York, to which city he moved in early life, and 720 MEN OF PROGRESS. where in various classical schools he prepared for college. He entered the Harvard Medical School in 1854, and graduated in 1857. He then went abroad, and took a special course in surgery under Christopher Heath in London, also visiting the various hospitals in London, Edinburgh, and Paris. Upon his return he established himself in East Boston, and soon acquired an extensive practice, which is now limited only by his endurance. Dur- ing the Civil \\'ar he served as surgeon in the gen- eral field hospital on the Pamunky River, Virginia, in 1862, and in 1864 as acting assistant surgeon, LTnited States armv, at the Webster General Hos- BENJAMIN F. CAMPBELL. pital in Manchester, N.H. He is now surgeon of Joseph Hooker Post, No. 23, Grand .\rmy of the Republic. r)r. Campbell was a member of the lower house of the Legislature of 1882-83, serving as chairman of the committee on water-supply. Dur- ing his first term he introduced the order, which became a law, compelling storekeepers and manu- facturers to provide seats for their female em- ployees when the latter were not engaged in the performance of their duties. In 1889-90 he was a member of the .Senate, serving as chairman of the committee on education. For si.x years he served on the Board of Overseers of the Poor in Boston, and for three years was a member of the Boston School Committee. In politics he is an active Republican. He was an alternate delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1880, and the same year president of the Garfield Club of East Boston; and in 1888 he was president of the East Boston Harrison Club. He is a member and a councillor of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety; member of the Middlesex (political dining) Club, and of the Knights Templar. He has fre- quently given public lectures, four of which, on "The Effects of Alcohol upon the Human Organization," "The Dangers of the Republic," "The Abuse of the Tongue," and " Rational Medi- cine," received wide attention. Dr. Campbell was married December 20, 18G6, to Miss Albina M. C. Anderson, of Boston. They have three children : Frank, Grace, and Blanche Sutherland Campbell. CARR, S.'VMUEL. of Boston, banker, was born in Charlestown, November 18, 184S, son of Sam- uel and Louisa (Trowbridge) Carr. His ances- tors on both his father's and mother's side came to this country in its early clays of settlement, from England. His education was begun in the public schools of Charlestown, where he entered the High School, and finished at the Newton High School, from which he graduated in 1S6-. his par- ents having removed to West Newton in 1862. Immediately after graduation he entered the Shoe and Leather National Bank, of which his father was cashier, as corresponding clerk. He con- tinued here as clerk and assistant cashier until 1878, when he became cashier of the National Hide and Leather Bank of Boston, which position he held until 1S82. Then he was president of the Central National Bank of Boston 18S2-83, and in March, 1S83. was made confidential secretary of the late Frederick L. Ames, a large capitalist and one of the largest private real estate owners in Boston, with whom he remained until the latter's death in September, 1893, and by whose will he was appointed one of the executors and trustees. The management of this trust is his present occu- pation. His official positions now are president of the LTnited Electric Securities Companv of Bos- ton, president of the Mutual District Messenger Company of Boston, vice-president of the Industrial Improvement Company, \'ice-president of the Cen- tral National Bank, director of the American Loan and Trust Company of Boston, and director of sev- eral of the branch lines of the Union Pacific Rail- MEN OF PROGRESS. 721 way Company. Mr. Carr received a special finan- cial training under his father. While he was cashier of the National Hide and Leather liank. 1872, to Miss Susan Waters 'I'arbox, who was born in Framingham, and a daughter of the late Rev. I. N. Tarbo.v, D.D. They have two chil- dren : Margaret Waters (born May 24, 1876) and Elsie Trowbridge (born March 29, 1881). » SAMUEL CARR, from 1878 to 1S82, his father was still cashier of the Shoe and Leather Bank, and his brother, George E. Carr, was cashier of the Everett Na- tional Bank. Both have since died. Mr. Carr has always been an enthusiastic musical amateur, and was strongly urged by his musical teachers to adopt music as a profession, but decided not to do so. He has played the organ in various churches as a relaxation and delight most of the time since fifteen years of age. For the past eleven years he has been organist and director of music at the Old South Church, Boston, where is one of the largest and finest organs in the country and a fine quartette choir. He is a mem- ber of the Harvard Musical Association, of the Bunker Hill Monument Association, of the Bos- tonian Society ; and of the Country Club, Brook- line, the Essex County Club, Manchester, the St. Botolph, Algonquin, and Athletic clubs, Boston. He has, by appointment of the governor, been a State director of the \\'orkingmen's Loan Associa- tion since 1888 : and in 1895 he was appointed by Mayor Curtis a trustee of the Boston Public Li- brary. Mr. Carr was married September 10, CARRIE, WiLLiA.M Albert, of Boston, bank stationer, is a native of Canada, born in Carlisle, Ontario, November 18, 1857, son of Richard and Lambert Montgomery (Anderson) Carrie. He is of Huguenot, Welsh, Scotch, Scotch-Irish, and English ancestry. His father, who moved to the LTnited States in 1858, was a volunteer soldier in the Ci\il War. He was educated in common and private schools. Being left dependent at an early age, he was obliged to work ; and he began in the store of Field, Leiter, & Co., Chicago. He re- mained there until the great Chicago fire, and after that was in a real estate office until 1877, when he went to Toronto, Canada, and entered a wholesale stationery and publishing establish- ment, there to learn the business. Two years WM. A. CARRIE. later he was put " on the road " by the house as a commercial traveller. After a while, wearying of hard pioneer work in this line at small pay, he 722 MEN OF PROGRESS. dropped it, and went to New York City, where he entered the employment of Baker, Pratt, & Co., Bond Street, then the largest stationery and book house in that city. In May, 1883, having re- ceived a better offer from J. C. Hall & Co., of Providence, R.I., to travel for that firm among the banks of the Eastern and Middle States, he went to that place. After three years with the Messrs. Hall, having been urged by some of the bank men to engage in business for himself in Boston, he left Providence, and came to Boston, a city which always had a fascination for him because of its historic associations and the kind- ness which he had received from those with whom he had come in contact, and opened an office at No. 84 Devonshire Street. Two years later, need- ing more room, he moved to No. 86 Federal Street. Up to this time the orders taken by him had been placed with printers and binders doing work for the trade. But, as his business grew, this arrange- ment proved unsatisfactory; and in i88g he leased two floors at No. 46 Oliver Street, and put in a ruling and binding plant, together with a stock of paper for jobbing purposes. .Subse- quently a printing plant was added, making it to-day the only establishment of the kind — printing, ruling, perforating, numbering, and binding done under one management — in Boston, if not in New England. The firm (now William A. Carrie & Co.) has also had for two years the Boston agency of the Globe Company, Cincinnati and New York, letter file cabinets and supplies for saving labor in offices. Mr. Carrie is a Free- mason, senior warden of St. John's Lodge of Boston, the oldest lodge in America ; and is a member of the Boston Stationers' Association, the Massachusetts Fish and Game Association, the Master Printers' Club, and the lioston Art Club. In politics he is a Republican. He was married February 20, 1894, to Miss Minnie M. Shaw, of New York City. CASAS, William Beltr.an de las, of Maiden and Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Maiden, March 3, 1S57. His father, Francisco Beltran de las Casas, born in 1S03, near Tarra- gona in Spain, came to this country about 1826, and, after teaching the languages and painting for a time at Williams and Amherst Colleges, passed most of his life in the same profession in Boston. His mother, Elizabeth Carder Pedrick, was born at Marblehead in 18 10, of the marriage of John Pedrick and Elizabeth Fettyplace, both descended from ancestors of the same names, who were among the earliest English settlers of that town. Mr. de las Casas was educated in the Maiden public schools and at Harvard College, from which he graduated in the class of 1879. After gradua- tion he was for two years, 1879-81, teacher of mathematics in Trinity School at Tivoli-on-the- Hudson. Then he took up his law studies at the Harvard Law School, from which he graduated in 1884. After further law reading in the law office of Robert P. Smith at Boston, he was admitted to W. B. de las CASAS. the Suffolk bar in 18S5, and began practice at once, with office at No. 40 Water Street, Boston, where he has since been established. He has mainly been engaged in the management of trust and other estates, but has also conducted some business negotiations in Spanish countries, in which he has travelled extensively. Having been also drawn into real estate interests, he developed one of the most attractive sections of his native city, and in other ways has taken an active part in its life and prosperity. He was one of the founders and building committee of the Maiden Hospital, of which he is yet a trustee. Of late years Mr. de las Casas has taken a somewhat MEN OF PROGRESS. 723 proniiiient part in political affairs, as a result of his strong interest in such matters as civil service, tariff, and consular reform. Since 1882 he has been secretary of the Maiden Civil Service Re- form Association, and on the executive and other committees of the State and national leagues. In 1884 he was secretary of the Maiden Independent Republican Committee. Later he gave his sup- port to the Democratic party, and in 1890 was a member of the Maiden Democratic city committee, and at the same time chairman of the Congressional District committee. The ne.xt year he was the Democratic nominee for the Governor's Council. In 1892 he was appointed a member of a State commission, with the Hon. Charles Francis Adams and Philip A. Chase, to report on the advisability of a system of metropolitan parks about Boston, and in 1893 was appointed on the permanent Met- ropolitan Park Commission. The work of this commission has been, aside from the practice of his profession, his most absorbing interest for the past three years. He is a member of several clubs, among which are the Union of Boston, Kernwood of Maiden, and Reform of New York, and for years has served in the first Corps of Cadets. He is unmarried. CAVANAUGH, Michael A.mbrose, of Boston, Taunton, and Manchester, N.H., senior member of the firm of Cavanaiigh Brothers, leading dealers in horses in New England, was born in East Taunton, December 9, 1852, son of Thomas and Ellen (Collins) Cavanaugh. He is of Irish blood, his father and mother having both been born in Ireland. His father came to East Taunton when a young man, and went to work in the Iron Works there. In 1864, when Michael was a lad of twelve, the father was taken ill, and obliged to give up work, and so continued until his death in May, 1867. Consequ'ently, the boy was forced to leave school, and contribute his part to the sup- port of the family, which consisted of eight in all. He found a place in the Iron Works, paying the rate of thirty-three and one-third cents a day, — a pretty small sum, but nevertheless a great help ; for the only other wage-earner of the family was his elder brother, John, who received but slightly higher pay. He continued at the Iron Works until 1870, when, having concluded that he would like to follow the sea, he left, and shipped in a schooner. One voyage, however, dispelled the charm: and upon its finish he returned to his old work, content to remain a landsman. Mean- while he bought a horse and wagon on the in- stalment plan : and. when the team was partly paid for, he started out in the kindling wood business, at the same time trying his hand at trading horses. Soon after he started a modest stage line, which he ran evenings between East Taunton and Taunton. In the autumn of 1875 he bought a hack, and, moving to Taunton, en- gaged in the general hack business at the railway station. Three years later he had a small stable of horses and carriages, and made sales here. M. A. CAVANAUGH. Shortly after he moved to Manchester, N.H., and, forming a partnership with his brother, James F., under the firm name of Cavanaugh Brothers, es- tablished a hack, livery, and boarding business in the old City Hotel stables. In 188 1 the brothers added an auction mart of horses, carriages, and harnesses, selling regularly Saturdays, Michael A. doing the auctioneering. By 1884 the sales of the mart had so increased that the conduct of this part of the business occupied nearly all their time. Then they sold out the hack and livery department, and devoted themselves exclusively to the sale business. In 18S6 they bought out the carriage and harness repository of Ezra W. Kim- 724 MEN OF PROGRESS. bnll, and continued it in connection with the horse sale business. In iSSg they opened their first stable in Boston, on Portland Street, taking the third brother, Thomas F., into the firm. By this time their horse business had so increased that they were handling about five thousand horses a year, and its care was absorbing their attention. Consequently, they sold their carriage and harness business to Daniel S. Kimball, the predecessor of the Kimball Carriage Company. Throughout the year i88g Mr. Cavanaugh rode from Manchester to Boston and return each day, thus travelling one hundred and fourteen miles daily on the cars. The same year the brothers built a new brick stable in Manchester, on Central Street, one hun- dred by forty feet, three stories high ; and here they continue to do an extensive horse sale busi- ness, having private sales daily and regular auc- tion sales each Saturday. In Boston they moved in 1893 from Portland Street to Nos. 103 and 105 Beverly Street, and that year began making a specialty of fine high-bred horses. In Taunton they completed in 1895 one of the finest four-story brick buildings there, containing two large halls and a fine stable, where they are doing an exten- sive hack, livery, and sale business. Michael A. and Thomas F. now attend to the Boston and Taunton stables, and James F. manages the Man- chester stable. Michael A. was always a lover of the race horse, and had driven many valuable ones. He was married September 13, 18S8, to Miss Lillian E. Butman, daughter of Oliver J. and Mary Butman, of Manchester. She died in 1S89, after giving birth to a boy: Oliver Ray Estelle Cavanaugh. Mr. Cavanaugh moved to Taunton soon after the death of his wife, and kept house with his mother and brother, Thomas F., until the death of his mother, in 1S94. He still li\'es in the same place. CHICK, Isaac William, of Boston, merchant, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Peter- borough, June 25, 1851, son of John Maxwell and Lucy (Sanderson) Chick. His father was a Baptist minister, having pastorates at Grafton, Mass., and at Groton, Mass. He was educated and fitted for college at Appleton Academy, New- Ipswich, N.H., under Professor E. T. Quimby, later professor at Dartmouth College. His class entered college, but he preferred to go at once into business. Accordingly, in the autumn fol- lowing his crraduation, in 1S68, he came to Boston, and, finding employment as a book- keeper in a wool house, kept a set of books there until April, 1869. Then he entered the old and well-known carpet house of John H. Prav. .Sons, & Co., and took charge of the ship- ping department ; and from that time to the present he has been connected with this estab- lishment, passing through all the various stages of the retail and wholesale departments, until he worked his way into the firm in 1878. He has had the general management of the buying and selling of the merchandise of the house, doing the foreign as well as the domestic buying, going I. W. CHICK. to Europe once or twice each )ear, and in this way keeping up the supply of foreign novelties in its lines of carpets and Oriental rug fabrics. His judgment and taste were especially shown in the fine line of designs and coloring introduced by his house, nearly all of which were selected or originated by him. He has devoted all his ener- gies to the interests of the house ; and its busi- ness has grown rapidly, until it is now (with one exception ) the largest carpet business, whole- sale and retail, in the country, has a capital of a million dollars, pays cash for all goods pur- chased, and enjoys an annual trade of rising two million dollars. The firm has established MEN OF PROGRESS. 7^0 an enviable name for reliability, and for fmiiish- ing the finest assortment of goods at fair prices. In 1887 a large upholstery department was added, which has come to be a prosperous and prominent feature of the business. A little later the firm purchased the furniture and house furnishing establishment of H. R. Plimpton & Co., which enabled it to make contracts for the entire furnish- ing of hotels, clubs, and residences from its own stock. It thereafter became one of the best known throughout the country ; and its travellers were sent into the Far West and North-west, the Middle and .Southern State.s. It has for a series of years held the contract for furnishing all the carpets for the United States government — from forty to sixty thousand yards per year — against all competition ; and among its many other not- able contracts have been the Massachusetts State House (new part), twenty thousand yards of Wil- ton, the new Suffolk Court-house, Trinity Church, Algonquin Club-house, Parker House, Young's Hotel, Adams House, Copley Square Hotel, the Masonic Temple, all of Boston ; the Fall River Line of Steamers, — "Pilgrim," "Puritan,"' and " Priscilla,"' the finest boat in the world ; and the Hotel Cochrane, Washington, D.C., Kimball House, Atlanta, Ga., Grand Union, Saratoga, and many others. After the great fire of 1872, being then burned out, the firm moved up Washington Street, opposite the old Adams House. Many at that time doubted the wisdom of the move " way up town," but time proved that the march of trade was that way. Again, m 1890, having outgrown the old quarters, Mr, Chick, having a firm faith in the sure advancement of good real estate on Wash- ington Street, strongly and successfully advocated the purchase of the large piece of business prop- erty further south, opposite Boylston Street, in the heart of the city. Upon this lot. containing twenty thousand feet of land running through to Harrison Avenue, the firm erected the present six story, fire-proof building, extra well lighted, equipped with automatic sprinklers, automatic fire and burglar alarms, in every way a model struct- ure, especially adapted to the carpet and uphol- stering business. Land and building cost upward of three-quarters of a million dollars. Mr. Chick gave careful attention to all matters connected with the purchase of the real estate, and person- ally followed all the details of plan and building in addition to his many regular duties in connec- tion with the carpet business. The foresight shown in the purchase of this large piece of real estate, which must by its advance in value in the near future give a handsome profit to the owners, was marked. Trade in Boston is steadily and surely moving south, up Washington Street; and Boylston Street will soon be the centre of the retail trade. Mr. Chick is a director of numerous manufacturing corporations in various parts of the country ; a director of the Phienix Furniture Com- pany, of Grand Rapids, Mich., where over eight hundred men are employed ; and of the \\'isconsin Central Railroad Company. He is a Freemason, member of the De Molay Commandery Knights Templar, of St. Andrews C'hapter, and Revere Lodge ; is a charter member of the Algonquin Club, and has been a member of the L^nion Boat Club for many years. In his younger days he was active in all athletic sports, and has not lost his interest in them. Mr. Chick was married October 31, 1877, to Miss Emma M. Converse, daughter of J. W. Converse, of Boston. They have two children: Mabel (born December 7, 18S2) and Willie C. Chick (born March 2, 1884). His winter residence is at No. 347 Beacon Street, corner of Fairfield Street, Back Bay. The house, built under his direct supervision, has one of the finest interiors in Boston, all three stories being finished in a great variety of hard woods, and is assessed for one hundred thousand dollars. His summer residence is at Swampscott, the large and comfortable house there having been built by him in i88g. The estate, costing about forty thou- sand dollars, contains two acres of land, and is upon what was formerly the Mudge place. The house is finely furnished, having an abundance of Oriental carpets and rugs, of which Mr. Chick is a great lover as w-ell as a good judge. CL.\FLIN, Fred H.arris, of Boston, business manager of the Daily Standard, was born in Hudson, October 21, 1861, son of Dr. \\'illiam T. and Julia M. Claflin. He was educated in the public schools of Marlborough and at the Worcester Academy. His mother dying when he was a boy, he lived during his early youth with his uncle, Dr. E. D. Wyman. in Montague City ; and while there he published the first amateur paper in western Massachusetts, called The Press. When at the Worcester Acad- emy, he started a paper called The Aeademy, which is still in existence. He served his first time as a 726 MEN OF PROGRESS. printer with Pratt Brothers in Marlborough, Mass., remaining in their office for about tliree years. Then he removed with his uncle to Maiden, and began work in Boston printing-offices. He was first in charge of the office of Babb & Stevens on Water Street, next with Deland & Barta, and next in charge of the office of Colburn Brotliers. Leaving the latter place in 1886, he went to Worcester, and after doing some work for the late Henry J. Jennings, who was then chairman of the Republican city committee of Worcester, he was employed by Mr. Christie, also a member of that committee, to assist in starting the Worcester Te?c- F, H. CLAFLIN, gram. He remained with the Telegram for aljout two years, serving as reporter, then on special work, and the second year as assistant editor, and was finally obliged to retire, having lost his eye- sight. For two months he was totally blind, and was told by his doctor that he must give up news- paper work. Upon his partial recovery, however, and having returned to Boston, he took a position as special reporter on the Boston Evetiing Trai'- cUer, then under the direction of Colonel Roland Worthington. He spent four years in this office, part of the time as city editor and the last year in charge of the business department, and then entered the employ of the Boston Journal, being offered by Stephen O'Meara, the general manager at that time, the position of superintendent of the circulation department. He continued with the Journal also four years, until the change in the management and the retirement of Mr. O'Meara in the spring of 1895, — having the direction of the delivery and subscription departments as well as the circulation, — and from there went to the Standard as general manager. Mr. Claflin is prominently connected with the order of Odd Fellows, having occupied nearly all the chairs from the lodge to the canton. He is a member of the Maiden Lodge, of the Paul Revere En- campment of Boston, and the Grand Canton, Shawmut, Boston ; was for two years quarter- master of the First Regiment, Patriarchs Militant, under Colonel John E. Palmer, and one year quartermaster of the division of the East, under General Foster, New Haven, Conn.; and is now- chief of staff of the Massachusetts department Patriarchs Militant, under Brigadier-General F'rank M. Merrill, of Lowell, the position being second in the State. CLARK, Benj.'VMIN Cutler, of Boston, man- ufacturer, is a native of Boston, born October ID, 1833, son of Benjamin Cutler and Mary (Pres- ton) Clark. His great-grandfather, Benjamin Clark, was one of the " Boston Tea Party." He was educated in Chauncy Hall School, where he was fitted for college, and at Harvard College, graduating in the notable class of 1853, which embraced among its members Charles W. Eliot, now President Eliot of the University, Professor Adams S. Hill, James ^L Peirce, James C. White, and Elbridge J. Cutler; the librarian and histo- rian, Justin \\'indsor ; Francis W. Vaughan, libra- rian of the Boston Social Law Library ; General Charles J. Paine, John Quincy Adams, Arthur T. Lyman, Edward King, president of the Union Trust Company of New York, and others who after graduation achieved place and fame. Mr. Clark's training for business life was in the count- ing-room ; and he has been steadily in active busi- ness from October, 1853. Since 1862 he has been head of the firm of B. C. Clark & Co., in the Mediterranean and West Indies business and ship- owners, and since 1S74 treasurer of the Pearson Cordage Company, now also president of the cor- poration. He has been consul for the Republic of Hayti since 1863, the oldest in term of office in Boston : and the late minister Preston once stated MEN OF PROGRESS. 727 that among all their diplomatic posts there were no accounts kept so clearly and systematically as those at the Boston consulate. Mr. Clark is also trustee for a large amount of property. He is interested in practical philanthropic work in Bos- ton, as treasurer of the 'J'yler Street Day Nursery, and treasurer for many years of the Poplar Club, an organization of workingmen at the West End. He is president of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Protective Association, secretary and treas- urer of the Massachusetts Agricultural Club, which has existed for fifty-five years, and a mem- ber of the Boston Art Club, for six vears one of BENJ. C. CLARK. the executive committee of the latter, and for three years vice-president, declining re-election. He is a fisherman and a sportsman, and has shot more than four thousand ducks at Cohasset, which exceeds all known records in that locality. Mr. Clark married September 29, 1859, Miss Ad- eline Kinnicutt Weld, eldest daughter of Aaron D. Weld, of West Ro.\bury. Their children are : Benjamin Preston, Alice Harding. Gertrude Weld, and Ellery Harding Clark. CLARK, Rev. Francis Edward, of Boston, president of the United Society of Christian En- deavor, was born in the town of .Aylmer, on the upper Ottawa River, Province Quebec, Canada, September 12, 1851, son of Charles Carey and Lydia Fletcher (Clark) Symmes. His parents were always citizens of the United States, but lived temporarily in Canada. He is of early New England stock, being on his father's side a de- scendant in the eighth generation from the Rev. Zechariah Symmes, who came to Boston in the ship "Griffin " in 1634, and was the first minister of Charlestown. This Zechariah Symmes was a graduate of Emanuel College, Cambridge, chosen lecturer at St. Anthony, London, but, because of persecution brought upon him by his espousal of non-conformity, he left England. His ancestors were eminent Church of England ministers ; and several of his descendants. Dr. Clark's immedi- ate ancestors, were ministers. On his mother's side Dr. Clark is descended also from Puritan stock for many generations in Massachusetts. His great-uncle, Charles Symmes, originally of Symmes's Corner (now in Winchester), was the founder of Ayhner. He was but two years old when his father died of cholera, and seven when he was bereft of his mother ; and, then being adopted by his uncle, the Rev. Edward Warren Clark, of Claremont, N.H., his name was changed by the latter to " Clark." His early education was received at home, in the Claremont Academy, and at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N.H. ; and he was graduated at Dartmouth College in the class of 1873, from which college he received the degree of D.D. in i886. Subsequently he attended the Andover Theological Seminary, and was graduated there in 1876. He became pastor of the Williston Congregational Church, Portland, in the following autumn, October 19, and seven years later, October, 1883, was made pastor of the Phillips Congregational Church, South Boston. In the autumn of 1887 he was dismissed to accept the presidency of the United Society of Christian Endeavor, and the editorship in chief of the Golden Ride. His life-work, which has given him a wide reputation abroad as well as in his own country, has been in connection with the Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor, which he founded in 1881, and which now numbers in all parts of the world nearly two and one-half mill- ions. This movement was begun by him while pastor of the Williston Church, and was the result of a revival which brought a number of )-oung converts to the church. Its purpose was to pro- 728 MEN OF PROGRESS. vide an organization through which young converts could be held true, and trained for the duties of church membership. The first meeting was held in the parsonage, on an evening of February, i8cSi ; and, after Dr. Clark had presented and ex- plained to his young guests a constitution which he had previously drawn up of the " Williston Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor." fifty-seven signed as active members and six as associate members. This constitution, the main point of which was the "prayer-meeting pledge" by which each active member agrees to attend and participate in the weekly prayer-meeting, was essentially the same as that adopted by the great majority of Societies of Christian En- deavor which have followed the parent one. The original society rapidly increased, and at the close of the first year numbered one hundred and twenty-seven members. The second year it had two hundred names on its roll. In August, 1881, an article published in a religious journal of Bos- ton, entitled " How One Church Cares for its Young People," gave the first knowledge of Mr, Clark's experiment to the outside world. This. '^ f^ JHf -M F. E. CLARK. and other articles following, brought letters from pastors and workers in all parts of the country ; and similar organizations in other places were in course of time effected. In June, 1882, when six societies were recorded with four hundred and eighty-one members, the first convention was held in the Williston Church, At the next annual con- ference fifty-three societies were recorded, with twenty-six hundred and thirty members ; at the next, in 18S4, one hundred and fifty-one, with sixty-four hundred and fourteen members ; in 1885, two hundred and fifty-three, with fourteen thousand eight hundred and ninetj'-two members in all parts of the country, and several societies in foreign lands. That )-ear the " United Society of Christian Endeavor" was founded and incor- porated under the laws of Maine, and head- quarters were estabhshed in Boston. The con- vention of 1887 held at Saratoga, at which Dr. Clark was chosen president of the United Society, was attended by two thousand delegates ; that of 1888 drew together over five thousand delegates: that of 1889, over sixty-five hundred; 1890, over eight thousand; 189 1. over fourteen thousand; 1892 (in New York), thirty-five thousand; 1893 (held in Montreal, Canada), sixteen thousand ; 1894, thirty-five thousand. In 1895 there were enrolled at the headquarters in Boston more than forty thousand societies, with a membership of over two million four hundred thousand. Of these about nine thousand were junior societies. In the spring of 1888 Dr. Clark visited England in the interest of the movement, and again in 1 89 1, the second visit in company with three trus- tees of the United Society, Large meetiftgs were held in various places, and zealous work resulted, the societies in England increasing from one hun- dred and twenty in 1891 to one thousand in 1894, Dr. Clark next made a trip around the world, tak- ing with him his wife and eldest son. Starting in August, 1893, he first visited Australia, touching on the way the Hawaiian Islands and the Samoan Islands, where are several flourishing societies. In all the principal cities of Australia great con- ventions were held, and soon after his departure the Australian United Society of Christian En- deavor was formed. From Australia, after a brief stay in Canton, he pressed on to Japan, There large gatherings were held in many places under the auspices of the missionaries and the Endeavor Societies, and there a Japanese United Society of Christian Endeavor was also formed. Again in China sinjilar meetings were held in various places ; and, as in the countries earlier visited, a United Society was subsequently formed. India MEN OF PROCKESS. 729 and Ceylcin were next visited, Calcutta and llom- bay, with the same gratifying results. Then Dr. Clark journeyed to Egypt and to Palestine ; after a short stay in Syria, to Constantinople ; thence to Spain; ne.xt to Paris; thence across the Channel to (Jreat iiritain ; and from there back to the L'nited States. This journey covered about thirty- nine thousand miles, more than twelve nations ; and the addresses before audiences aggregating over one hundred thousand were largely made through interpreters in more than twenty different languages. Dr. Clark has written several volumes, the chief being " ^■oung People and the Church," •' \'oung People's Prayer-meetings," " Our Jour- ney around the World, " " The Mossback Corre- spondence," " Christian Endeavor Saints," " Dan- ger Signals," and " Looking out on Life." He has held various ecclesiastical offices and trustee- ships ; and he has been for three years a member of the prudential committee of the American Board of Commissioners for P'oreign Missions. He is a member of the Monday Club, the Congre- gational Club, and of other minor clubs. He was married October 3, 1876, to Miss Harriet Eliza- beth Abbott, of .\ndover, who is a direct descend- ant in the eighth generation of John Alden of " Mayflower " fame, and who has been of great assistance to Dr. Clark in all his work for young people. 'I'hey have had five children : Maude ^\'illiston, Eugene Erancis, Faith Phillips, Harold Symmes, and Ernest Sydney Clark, of whom all e.xcept the third are living. was graduated from the (College of Physicians and Surgeons of New Vork City. The same autumn he began practice in Stafford Springs, Conn., CLARK, James Samuel, M.D., of Westfield, was born in Bellows Falls, \'t., July 2:, 1S54, son of .\bijah Stone and Clara (Swan) Clark. His father was the grandson of Samuel Clark, an officer in the Revolutionary War ; and his mother was descended from Governor Thomas I )udley, whose grand-d.aughter, Deborah Wade, married 'I'homas Swan. He was graduated from the High School at Bellows Falls in 1870 ; and the foUow'ing year, his father moving to Turner's Falls, Mass., and establishing the Clark Machine Company, he entered the latter's shop, and spent three years there, learning the machinist's trade. Subsequently, after spending the years 1875 ^"'' 1876 in the Worcester School of Technology, he became superintendent of the machine shop. In 1878 he began the study of medicine with Medical Examiner Waterman of Westfield. and in 1881 JAMES S, CLARK. where he remained until August, 1887, at which time he returned to Westfield to go into partner- ship with Dr. Waterman, whose health had failed. He has since made Westfield his home, and for three years served as town physician. He spent the summer and autumn of 1894 in travelling through Europe, giving especial attention to the hospitals in London, Edinburgh, Dublin, and Paris. Though not actually engaged in politics, 1 )r. Clark entertains a keen interest in the Republican party. He was married October 9, 1889, to Miss Patty Lee Waterman, youngest daughter of his former preceptor. COLITNS, Ahel Chalklev, of Great Barring- ton, member of the bar, is a native of Connecticut, born in North Stonington, New London Count)-, March 27, 1857, youngest son of Abel Francis and Electa Jane (Collins) Collins. His mother, still living, was a daughter of Job S. and Ruth Collins, of Utica, N.Y. He is descended from Henry Col- lins, who with wife and three children sailed from London, England, in 1C35, in the ship "Abigail." 730 .MKN OF PROGRESS. He had a certificate from the minister of the parish of Stepney " of his conformitie, and that he was no subsidy man." He settled in Essex Street in Lynn, where he carried on the business of man- ufacturing starch. He held several local offices, and in 1639 was a member of the Salem Court. This branch of the Collins family became early identified with the Society of Friends. John, a grandson of Henry, was a prominent minister, and for many j'ears one of the leading members of the society in New England. Mr. Collins's mother and her father, and his grandfather, Abel Collins, were also well-known ministers. His father, Abel A. C. COLLINS. Barrington. He was admitted to the bar before the Supreme Court at Pittsfield in May, 1884, and im- mediately opened his office in Great Barrington. He has had some important criminal cases, but has confined his attention more especially to civil cases, and with good success. He has been counsel for a number of corporations, and has had charge of settling many estates. He is also a director of the National Mahaiwe Bank and a trustee of the Great Barrington Savings Bank. He has been prominent in town affairs, and taken much interest in local institutions. He has been chairman of the Board of Selectmen for two terms, 1887-89, a member of the School Committee since 1890, and one of the directors of the Great Bar- rington Free Library for a number of years and actively interested in it. He was chosen presi- dent of the Young Men's Christian Association upon its organization in 1893, and re-elected in 1894. While in college, he was a member of Alpha Delta Phi Society and of the Phi Beta Kappa. In politics Mr. Collins is Republican. He has never sought office ; but he accepted the Republican nomination for representative to the Legislature in 1892, in a district then Democratic. He, however, did not succeed in overcoming the Democratic tidal wave of that year. He was married January 2, 1890, to Miss Sarah D. Shel- don, daughter of Seth L. and Phebe Sheldon, of Great Barrington. They have two sons : Sheldon Chalkley (born January 21, 1891) and Theodore .\bel Collins (born May 10, 1895). He resides at Indiola Place, formerly the residence of his uncle, Clarkson T. Collins, M.D., deceased. Of his two brothers, Francis W. died in 1887. and Clarkson A. is now practising law in New York Citv. F. Collins, was a man of good education and sound judgment. He taught school for a number of years, part of the time at the Friends' Boarding School of Providence, R.I. He settled upon the family homestead in North Stonington, and was a successful farmer. He was also a justice of the peace in that town. Abel Chalkley prepared for college at the Friends' Boarding School, Provi- dence, and took a classical course at Brown Uni- versity, graduating in 1878 with the degree of A.B. In 1881 he received the degree of .\.M. After graduating from the college, he taught school for three years. Ihen he took up the study of law in the office of Judge Justin Dewey in Great CONEY, Hubert M.ason, of Ware, member of the bar, is a native of Ware, born March 18, 1S44, son of John and Sophronia (Allen) Coney. His first ancestors on the paternal side in America came to Boston from "Coney Green, " f^ngland, about 1650, and settled in Sharon and Walpole. The branch from which he sprang came to Ware in 1774, and settled on what is known as "Coy's Hill " ; and from that time the place was occupied by one descendant after another till 187 1, when John Coney, father of H, M. Coney, removed to Ware Village. They all followed farming. Mr. Coney's education was begun in the common schools of Ware. He graduated from the High MEN OF PROGRESS. / J' School in the spring of icS6o, prepared for college; but, his work being needed on the farm, he re- mained at home for another year, meanwhile con- tinuing his studies. In the autumn of 1861 he was fitted for the sophomore class at Amherst, but again was prevented from entering college, this time by the call for service in the Civil War, which was paramount. Accordingly, he enlisted on the iith of October that year at Ware, and on the 20th of November following was, at Pittsfield, mustered into the service for three years in Company 1 ), Ihirty-first Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. He served his full term, participating in the en- HUBERT M. CONEY. gagements of Bisland, Port Hudson, Yellow Bayou, and others of minor importance, and was honorably discharged at New Orleans, La., November 19, 1864. Upon his return from the army he entered mercantile life, in the hardware business in Ware, which he followed till February, 1872, when he sold out, and began the study of law. While pur- suing his studies, he supported himself by doing some fire and life insurance business and serving as town clerk, holding the latter office from 1872 to 1876. He was admitted to the bar at the March term at Springfield in 1876, and innnc- diately began practice there. In 1882 he removed his office to Boston, where he continued until 1889, when he returned to Ware, in which place he has since been established, in the enjoyment of a large and steadily increasing practice. In 1S92 he was town counsel for Ware. While residing in Springfield, he was a representative in the General Court for that city from Ward Two, in 188 1. He has served in the State militia for a number of years, — from 1877 to 1882, — first as second lieu- tenant and finally captain of Company G, Second Regiment. In politics he has always been a Re- publican, and now holds the chairmanship of the Republican town committee of Ware. He is a Freemason, member of the Eden Lodge of Ware, the Royal Arch Chapter, and the Springfield Com- mandery Knights Templar ; and is a leading mem- ber of the Grand Army of the Republic, being a charter member of J. W. Lawton Post, No. 85, of Ware, and having been in 1895 aide-de-camp on the staff of the commander-in-chief, and judge ad- vocate on the staff of the department commander. Mr. Coney was married April 17, 1867, to Miss Eleanor L. Brainerd, of Ware. They have had one son: Edwin B. Coney, who died .\pril 17, 1 88g, aged fourteen years. CONVERSE, Elisha Slade, of Boston, manu- facturer, president of the Boston Rubber Shoe Compan)', was born in Needham, July 28, 1820, son of Elisha and Betsy (Wheaton) Converse. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of Edward Converse, who with his wife came from England to this country in 1630, and settled in Charlestown, where he became one of the fore- most men of the settlement, establishing a ferry between Charlestown and Boston the first year after his arrival, being chosen a selectman in 1634 and serving six years, and in 1640 one of the founders of the town of Woburn, where he built the first dwelling-house and served continuously on the board of selectmen until his death in 1663. Elisha S. was the youngest child of Elisha and Betsy Converse. When he was four years of age, his parents removed from Needham to a farm in Woodstock, Conn.; and his early education was attained in the public schools of that town. In his thirteenth year he was sent to school in Bos- ton, — to the McLean (Grammar School, — making his home temporarily in the family of his elder brother, James W. Converse. Shortly after com- ing to Boston, he obtained a place for the employ- ment of part of his time in the shop of Aaron 732 MEN OF PROGRESS. Butler, then carrying on a general merchandise trade, principally in dry good.s and boots and shoes. Three years were thus diligently spent in study and work. At the end of this period he returned to the farm, and spent nearly another year there in farm work and in the local school. When he had reached the age of seventeen, he went to 'rhonipson. Conn., to learn the clothier's trade, making an engagement with Albert A. \^■hipple, a clothier there. Two years later, before he had completed the stipulated term of service originally agreed upon, Mr. Whipple took him into partnership. Three years later he bought out E. S. CONVERSE. Mr. Whipple's interest, and continued the business alone until 1844, when he disposed of it, and re- moved to Boston to engage in the boot, shoe, and leather trade. He was led to this change through the influence of his elder brother, who was then prosperously engaged in the city in the wholesale hide and leather trade. Forming a copartnership with Benjamin Poland, under the firm name of Poland & Converse, he opened a wholesale boot and shoe store on North Market Street, at that time one of the principal streets devoted to this branch of trade in Boston, and made a promis- ing start. .Soon after the firm also engaged in the business of grinding and preparing drugs. spices, dye-stuffs, and other similar articles, with mill near Stoneham ; and to that place Mr. Con- verse moved his residence in 1847, where he re- mained until 1850, when he removed to Maiden, with which place he has ever since been promi- nently identified. In 1849 '''■'s partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Converse formed a new part- nership with John Robson, under the firm name of C!onverse & Robson. In September, 1853, Mr. Converse was elected to the position of tieasurer of the Maiden Manufacturing Company, successor of the Edgeworth Rubber Company, an unsuccess- ful enterprise started in 1S50, and then began his long and remarkably successful career as a rubber shoe manufacturer. Upon the chan^ge of the name to the Boston Rubber Shoe Company, the act of incorporation by the Legislature being ap- proved May 30 of that year, he gave up active interest in his old business, and devoted himself entirely to the development of the manufactory and its interests, assuming, in addition to the duties of treasurer, those of general buying and selling agent. From this time the business rap- idly increased, and the product of the manufactory early came to be favorably known throughout the country. Additions to the factory, which origi- nally consisted of a single three story wooden building, seventy feet long, were made from time to time, until by 1875 it had become a great struct- ure in the form of a quadrangle, with an inner court, haying a frontage of one thousand feet and a total floor area of about four acres. In Novem- ber that year this structure was almost entirely destroyed by fire. But within a few months a new and greater factory arose in its place, embrac- ing a group of brick structures four stories high, built around a quadrangle, as before. Subse- quently various additions were made, until now the Iniildings have three times the original area, and contain nearly ten acres of floor space. .\n addi- tional factory has also been built at Middlese.x Fells, one and a half miles from the older one in Maiden, like that well lighted and ventilated, per- fectly fitted and equipped, and reputed to be the finest of its kind in the world. The business dur- ing Mr. C'onverse's forty-two years of management has increased from an output in 1853, by the Mai- den Manufacturing Company, of from three hun- dred to si.x hundred pairs of rubber boots and siloes per day, to about fifty thousand pairs per day in 1895 : and more than three thousand oper- atives are now employed. Mr. Converse has been MEN OF PROGRESS. 73 jj devoted to the welfare of Maiden shuc lie liist made tiiat place his residence, and the evidences of his interest appear in substantial results of his work and in numerous magnificent gifts. He was largeh' instrumental in securing the incorporation of the city of Maiden, and was its first mayor, elected by an almost unanimous vote, in 1S7S and 1S79 he represented the district in the lower house of the State Legislature, and in 1880 -Si was senator for his district. Chief among his gifts to the city is the free public library, one of the most beautiful of public buildings, designed by the late eminent architect H. H. Richardson. It was a gift in which his wife joined, in memory of their eldest son, Frank E. Converse (who was murdered in 1S63 by E. W. Green, then post- master of Maiden, in the latter's attempt to rob the Maiden liank, of which young Converse was the assistant cashier), and is known as the " Con- verse Memorial." Mr. Converse has also been a generous giver to the Maiden Hospital, the " Old People's Home " of Maiden, the " Consumptives' Home" in the Ro.xbury District, lioston, Welles- ley College, of which he is a trustee, and to various other charitable, philanthropic, and educational institutions. He has been a member of the Bap- tist church since his boyhood, and was for many years a deacon of the Maiden Baptist church. The fine stone church building of the latter was erected largely through his contributions. Mr. Converse has been president of the Maiden Bank since 1S56, and he is also president of the Maiden Hospital Corporation, the Rubber Manufacturers' Mutual Insurance Company, a director of the National Exchange Bank of Boston, a trustee of the Boston Five Cents Savings Bank, and a trus- tee of the Soldiers' Home. In politics he is a Republican. He was married September 4, 1843, to Miss Mary Diana Edmands. They have had four children : Frank E., Mary Ida, Harry E., and Francis Eugene Converse. The second is now- general manager of the ISoston Rubber Shoe Company. schools of Fall River. He began business life in 187 1 as a clerk for Hathaway iV Dean, grocers, in which occupation he was employed about a year. Then he entered the store of Cook, (irevv, I.V Ashton, phmibers, tinsmiths, and dealers in mill supplies, as salesman, taking charge of their mill supply department, and continued until 1887, when in June he became general agent for the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company of Springfield. Since that time he has added to his business real estate, stocks, accident and fire insurance, and the management of estates, real and personal. He is a member of the Boston Life c 'JT^-^ ^#, CHARLES C. COOK. Underwriters' Association. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Cook was married October 4, 1S77, to Miss Wealthy J. Winslow. They have had one child: Benjamin A. Cook (born August 17, 1878, died August 22, 1882). COOK, Ch.\rles Cl.\rke, of Fall River, broker and manager of estates, was born in Fall River, COOK, Ri;v. Jdskph, of Boston, lecturer, March 28, 1854, son of Alexander (). and Mary author, and editor, was born in Ticonderoga, X.Y.. S. (Bronson) Cook. His paternal grandparents January 26, 1838, son of William Henry and were Berry and Lydia (Gifford) Cook, of Tiverton, Marette (Lamb) Cook. He is of the Cooks of R.I., and his maternal grandparents, .\sa and Connecticut, the ancestor of whom is supposed Marinda (Jennings) Bronson, of New York and to be Francis Cook, of Plymouth, who came from Connecticut. He was educated in the public Kent, England, one of the Pilgrim Fathers. Sam- 734 MEN OF PROGRESS. uel Cook and his son, Warner Cook, who was Joseph Cook's grandfather, were born in Connecti- cut, and went to Ticonderoga soon after the Rev- ohition. William Henry and Marette Cook were born in Ticonderoga. Joseph Cook was educated at Phillips (Andover) Academy under the cele- brated classical teacher, Dr. Samuel H. Taylor, graduating there in 1857 ; at Yale College under President Woolsey ; and at Harvard under Presi- dent Hill, graduating from Harvard in 1865. He was at Yale two years, entering in 1858, and then left, his health having become impaired. He entered Harvard in 1863 as a junior, and in 1865 was graduated with high honors, also taking sev- eral of the first prizes. His theological studies were pursued at the Andover Theological .Semi- nary under Professor Park and Professor Phelps ; and, after his graduation in 1868, he took a fourth year there, studying advanced religious and philo- sophical thought. He was licensed to preach, but was not ordained, and in 1870 was acting pastor of the First Congregational Church in Lynn. He also spoke as an evangelist and lecturer for two years. But he never sought a settlement. In September, 187 1, he went abroad, and studied under Tholuck at Halle, Germany, and also in Leipzig, Berlin, and Gottingen, and visited Italy, Egypt, the Holy Land, Turkey, Austria, France, and Great Britain. Returning at the close of 1873, he took up his residence in Boston and be- came a lecturer and author. In 1875 he founded the Boston Monday Lectureship, and has spoken in it for twenty years. The lectures of this series have been given mostly in Treniont Temple, and early led to calls upon him to delixer on other days of the week courses of lectures in the prin- cipal cities of the country. Eleven volumes of his "Boston Monday Lectures " have been published by Houghton, Mifflin, & Co., besides numerous editions in London. In Boston alone he had de- livered two hundred and forty-si.x lectures on phil- osophical, scientific, and political topics to large audiences, besides the same number of preludes, or addresses on vital points of current reform. These audiences, which have been held for twenty years, were gathered at noon on Mondays, the busiest hour of the busiest day of the week, and often overflowed Tremont Temple. In the year ending July 4, 1878, for example, he delivered one hundred and fifty lectures, — sixty being given in the East, sixty in the West, and thirty new ones in Boston, — issued three volumes, and travelled on his lecture trips ten thousand five hundred miles. The next year, ending July 4, 1879, the number of his lectures reached one hundred and sixty, seventy-two given in the East, — twenty of them in Boston and ten in New York, — seventy in the West, five in Canada, two in Utah, and eleven in California. He crossed the continent twice in the four last months of the season. During the winter following he conducted a Boston Monday- noon lectureship and a New York Thursday even- ing lectureship at the same time. The Boston Monday lectures for many years were published in full by the New York Iiulcpciuictit, the Clnis- JOSEPH COOK. tiaii AdTflCtitc, tire Boston Advertiser, and other papers. At the close of the twenty years' record the executive committee of the lectureship, in its report, referred to its remarkable success, running through a fifth of a century, as without A]neri- can or European precedent. '"The lectures," it said, " have been attended by great numbers of preachers, teachers, students, and other educated men ; . . . and the lectureship has been heard in behalf of every urgent reform, as well as in sup- port of all the leading evangelical truths.'' On the honorary committee are Professor Park, of Andover, Bishop Huntington, Bishop Vincent, the Rev. Dr. John Hall, Dr. Storrs, Dr. Cuyler, and MEN OF PROGRESS. 735 other distinguished clergymen. Dr. A. J. Gordon was for twelve years president of the e.xecutive committee. In 1880-82 Mr. Cook, accompanied by his wife, made a lecturing tour of the world, visiting England, Germany, Italy, Palestine, India. China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and other Ijlaces. In all the great cities which he visited he had inunense audiences. His journey covered two years and seventy-seven days, and during this time he spoke oftener than every other working day while on the land. He made one hundred and thirty-five public appearances in the British Islands, lecturing in Scotland, Ireland, England, and Wales before aucHences of extraordinary size, quality, and enthusiasm. In Edinburgh he gave five lectures during eight consecutive days, his audiences crowding the largest halls. At one lecture the Lord Provost presided, and at others Professor Calderwood, and Principal Rainy of the Free Church New Theological College. At Edin- burgh, as well as at Glasgow, Belfast, Dublin, Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, and London, many ministers of various denominations were present. On the occasion of the delivery of his lecture on " Conscience " in Edinburgh the stu- dents of Edinburgh University and of the Theo- logical Colleges of the city had a special section of the Free Assembly Hall assigned to them. Mr. Cook's farewell lecture in London was given in the Metropolitan Tabernacle to an immense audience on the 31st of May, 1882, Dr. AUon, the editor of the British Quarterly Review, occupy- ing the chair. During this tour he was entertained at public breakfasts at Belfast, Cardiff, Leicester, Aberdeen, Inverness, Edinburgh, Manchester, Glasgow, and London. After spending some months in Germany and Italy, Mr. Cook next went to India by way of Greece, Palestine, and Egypt, where he spent three months. He lectured in Bombay, Poonah, Ahmednagar, Lucknow, Al- lahabad, Benares, Calcutta, Bangalore, and other places to large audiences, composed of both Europeans and natives. In that country and Cey- lon he made forty-two public appearances in eighty-four consecutive days. All of the principal towns from the Himalayas to the sea ga\e him eager and overflowing audiences of Hindus. During his stay in Calcutta he and the leaders of the Brahmo-Somaj, or Society of Theists, then rep- resented by the Hindu reformer, Keshub Chun- der Sen, exchanged visits and explained their relig- ious opinions. From India his tour was continued to Ciiina, Japan, .Australia, New Zealand, anil the Sandwich Islands. He gave tw'eive lectures in Japan, six of them in English and six through an interpreter; one in Canton, one in Eoochow, and three in Shanghai ; antl in .Australasia he gave long courses to brilliant and crowded assemblies in Sydney, Melbourne, .\delaide, Brisbane, and other leading towns, making fifty-eight public appearances in all. In 1884-85 Mr. Cook made a circuit of the continent, lecturing, as usual, to great audiences in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Portland, Ore., Victoria, San Francisco, Los Angeles, New Orleans, St. Louis, Montreal, St. John, and Hal- ifax. In 1888 he founded Our Day, a Monthly Record and Review of Reform, and conducted the periodical as editor-in-chief for seven years. On beginning a second tour of the world in May, 1895, by the way of Australia, Japan, and India, he resigned his editorship and sold his interest in this periodical. Mr. Cook is a member of the Athenaium, Boston, the Victoria Institute, Lon- don, and of the Boston Committee of One Hundred. In politics Mr. Cook is indepen- dent, and a political Prohibitionist. He took an active part in the World's Parliament of Relig- ions held in Chicago in connection with the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. He re- ceived the degree of LL.D. from Howard L'ni- versity, Washington, D.C., in 1892. Mr. Cook was married June 30, 1877, to Miss Georgiana Hemingway, of New Haven, Conn. CORT, John, of Webster, editor of the U'eb- ster Times, is a native of England, born in Roch- dale, March 9, 1837, son of John and Betsey (Mills) Cort. He is of English-Scotch ancestry. He was educated in the national school in his native town. He learned the printer's trade, serving his apprenticeship in England, and subse- quently became an editor. Coming to this country, he worked for various firms in Providence, R.I., and in New Vork, and in 1874 took charge of the Webster Times, which he has since conducted. He held the position of registrar of elections from 1887 to 1890. In politics he is Republican. He is a Freemason, member of Webster Lodge, and has been its .secretary for two years; is an Odd F'ellow belonging to Maanexit Lodge ; and is con- nected with the Royal Arcanum, having occupied the positions of orator and regent of Ben Franklin Council. The success which he has achieved and 736 MEN OF PROGRESS. the position lie has attained have been won by his own efforts. He was married July 6, 1861, to Miss Jane Rossall. They have had one daughter, to the time of Edward the Confessor. The greater part of Mr. Cowles's ancestors were in active professional life, — doctors, lawyers, minis- ters, literary and scientific men. His father was a prominent and influential man in the county in which he lived. Mr. Cowles was educated at the Peacham Academy, Peacham, XL, which was founded in 1797, and is still in a flourisliing con- dition. It is associated with many old-time and interesting tradition.s, while its name is dear to the hearts of many well-known men and women who received the foundation ui their education within its venerable walls. He fitted here for Dart- mouth College. But several years of illness pre- vented literary studies. Upon the advice and encouragement of A. H. Bicknell, who saw merit in his artistic productions, he took up the study of art. after a time entering the Massachusetts Normal Art School, where he remained one year, and subsequently taking a two years' course in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. At this time he had a studio and took pupils, to whom he imparted some sound truths. Noticing the lack of individ- ual effort and the need of competent modern JOHN CORT. who died in November, 1893, at the age of twenty- seven. She was her father's assistant in the con- duct of his newspaper. COWLES, Frank Mellen, of Boston, of the Cowles Art School, is a native of Vermont, born in Ryegate, June 29, 1846, son of George and Mary ( Bradlee) Cowles. He is descended from the Eastmans, Chamberlins, Bradlees, and Cowleses, who were prominent and active families in co- lonial and Revolutionary times, — a direct de- scendant of Ebenezer Eastman, captain at the siege of Louisburg, who also served in the P'rench wars, and of the Hon. William Chamberlin, one of the first lieutenant governors of \'ermont and one of the framers of the constitution of that State, who held rank as an officer in the Revolutionary War. The Bradlees fought with Cromwell's Ironsides, and were knighted for brav- ery. The Cowleses were among the early settlers of Farmington. Conn., where they became a wealthy and influential family, being the original proprietors of the town. Their name dates back F. M. COWLES. methods of instruction, tlie idea of establishing a school occurred to him ; and so early as 1880 he began laying plans for the institution which now MEN OF PR0(;RESS. IZl bears his name. l!y instinct and education as well as executive force and trainino;, he was well equipped for the special performance of an inno- vator and inaugurator; and his school has steadily advanced from the modest start in 1882 to a fore- most place and a name equal to that of any other institution of its kind in the country Thousands of students have graduated from it. and many of them have attained distinction in the art world as designers, sculptors, and painters. Mr. Cowles is a member of the IJoston Art Club. He is un- married. rected the work of constructing tile foundation of the power house of the West End Street Railway on Albany Street. During the next four vears he CRAM, Benjamin M.^nly, of Boston, deputy superintendent of the street-cleaning division of the street department of the city, was born in East Boston, August 19, 1858, son of Daniel and Mary A. (MacNulty) Cram. His father, iiorn in South Lyndeborough, N.H., in 1815, was a grandson of Benjamin Cram, a soldier of the Revolutionary War, under General Stark, who served as captain at the battle of Benning- ton, tliough not a commissioned officer. His motiier was born in Northumberland, England, in 181 7. and came to this country, when a child, with her parents, who settled in Boston. She was of an old English family. Benjamin M. was edu- cated in the East Boston public schools. His first work was on the Welland Canal at St. Catherine, Ontario, with his father, who had taken a large contract on that work ; and he had charge of men when but seventeen years of age. This work covered five years. Then in 1881 he was engaged on the Delaware, Lackaw-anna. lS: Western Railroad, at that time building from Binghamton to Buffalo, N.Y. His next experi- ence was in Louisiana, on the Vicksburg, Shreve- port. iV" Pacific Railroad : and, that work completed, he was appointed superintendent in charge of twelve miles of road on the Pine Creek Railroad in Pennsylvania, with a' force of fifteen hundred men. Subsequently he had charge of the work from Goshen to North Windham during the double-tracking of the New \'ork & New Kngland Railroad from Putnam to North Windham in 1S83: and upon its completion he was employed in other railroad building or extensions, — on the South Pennsylvania Railroad, the Chicago, Mil- waukee, & St. Paul, and in the ?>ast again, on the Meriden & Waterbury, and on the approach of tiie new bridge across the 'I'haiues River at New- London. In 1889 he returned to Boston, and di- BENJAMIN M. CRAM. was employed as superintendent of construction of various sewer, bridge, and reservoir works, and in 1894 principally in laying gas mains, both as superintendent and contractor. He was ap- pointed to his present position in charge of the street-cleaning division of the Boston street de- partment on March 22, 1895, by Mayor Curtis. In the autumn of 1894 he received the Republican nomination for representative in the Legisla- ture, from Ward Twenty, Roxbiu-y District, and made a close run, being defeated by the smallest margin of any Republican for years in the "banner ward of Democracy"' of Boston. Mr. Cram is a member of the Sons of the Revolution. He was married Eebruary 7, 1883, to Miss Olive Orinda Hunt, youngest daughter of Jerome B. and Susan B. ( Aldrich ) Hunt, of Bath, N. Y., w-ho were Eriends. They have two children: Olive Hunt and Benjamin M. Cram, |r. CRAWFORD, Rkv. Gf.orck Artemas. of Bo.s- ton, managing editor of the Daily Standard. is a native of Maine, born in Calais, .April 29. 738 MEN OF PROCRESS. 1849, son of the Rev. William Henry and Julia work. Dr. Crawford was married September 3, Ann (W'hittier) Crawford. He is of Scotch-Irish 1872, to Miss Mary E. Patten, of Waldoborough, descent on the paternal side and of English on Me. They have three children : Howard T., Kendrick P., and Truman K. Crawford. M jC^ ^ CROCKETT, Edw.ard Sherm.\n, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born at Bryant's Pond, July 22, 1869, son of Nathaniel Bennett and Lydia Jane (Wardwell) Crockett. He is of Scotch-English ancestry, a descendant of Ensign Joseph Wardwell in Vose's First Regiment in the Revolutionary War, attached to the corps of Lafayette. He was educated in the public schools of Boston and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, Kent's Hill. His legal train- ing was obtained in the Boston University Law School and in the office of William B. Gale ; and he was admitted to the Suffolk bar June 25, 1895. Previous to his studies in the law school he grad- uated from Burdett's Business College, and for five years was a book-keeper for various Boston business houses. Mr. Crockett early entered pol- itics, and became active in the Republican city GEORGE A. CRAWFORD. the maternal side. His father was a Methodist Episcopal clergyman. He was educated in acad- emy and university, graduating from the Boston University A.B. in 1879, and A.M. and Ph.D., later in the School of All Sciences. He studied for his profession in East Maine Conference Sem- inary, Bucksport, Me., and took a special course in Hebrew and New Testament Clreek in the School of Theology of Boston University. He became a chaplain in the United States navy in 1870, and served on the active list until retired in the spring of 1889. He received the degree of D.D. in 1890 from the New Orleans University. He is a Freemason, member of the Amity Lodge, Camden, Me., and is a member of the Beta Theta Pi. He has had some experience in connection with weekly papers, but began his real newspaper work as an editorial writer for the Boston Daily Staiulard. Changes in the staff put him in tempo- rary charge of the editorial department, and suc- cess led to his retention as managing editor. He has the fullest knowledge of the purpose for which the Starulard was started, and the most perfect sympathy with that purpose. He enjoys his new EDWARD S. CROCKETT. organization. In 1892 and 1893 he was president of the \\'ard Ten Republican Club; in 1894, mem- ber of the Republican city committee for Ward MEN OF 1'R0(;resS. 739 Ten; ami in 1S95 a nieniber of the executive committee of the ]5oston \oimg Men's Republican Club. He was a member of the Common Coun- cil in 1895, and became prominent through a pro- test which he entered, in a meeting of the council May 23, against the appropriation of money from the city treasury to private organizations, the occasion being the report of committee on the celebration of the 17th of June. In politics Mr. Crockett is a Republican with a special platform, — "one non-sectarian free public school system, no property or public funds to be used for sectarian purposes, restriction of immigration, ex- tension of time required for naturalization, com- plete separation of Church and State, no one to hold public office who does not give first alle- giance to the United States and its institutions." He is a member of the American Protective Asso- ciation and of Grace First Methodist Episcopal Church of Boston. CUMMINGS, Eustace, of Boston and Wo- burn, leather manufacturer, was born in North Woburn, April 22, 1834, son of Moses and Harriet (Cutler) Cummings. He is of an old Woburn family, a descendant in the fourth generation of David Cummings who removed from Topsfield, Essex County, to Woburn in 1756, and built one of the first tanneries in the town. His grand- father, David's son P^benezer, married Jemima Hartwell, of Bedford, June 22, 1774. and died June 4, 182 1 ; his father, Ebenezer's son Moses, was born October 10, 1800, died in 1840. A predilection for the leather business has in the Cummings family almost become hereditary. All of Mr. Cummings's ancestors on his father's side were tanners ; and he followed directly in their footsteps, at the age of seventeen, after obtaining his education, which was acquired in the public schools of North Woburn, beginning work in a leather factory. When twenty-three years old, he entered business on his own account in the man- ufacture of leather, as junior partner in the firm of Shaw, Taylor, &: Co., Boston. Five years later he became a member of the firm of Cummings, Place, & Co.; and in December, 1862, made an- other change, taking a younger brother into part- nership, and making the firm name E. Cummings & Co. This relation continued for upward of twenty-five years, until the death of his brother in September, 1888 ; and the firm name still remains unchanged. Mr. Cmnmings has served on the Board of Selectmen of his native town, and has also been a director of the Woburn Board of '7 d^ EUSTACE CUMMINGS. Trade and of the Woburn Co-operative P.aiik. Mr. Cummings was married on the i st of January, 1854, to Miss .\ngeline Moore, of Woburn. 'I'hey had three children : Wilbur E. (born January 16, 1855), Ella A. (born December 18, 1856), and Isabella J. Cummings (born September 17, 1859; died September 9, 1884). He married second, July 9, 1867, Miss Ellen French, of Exeter, N.H. Their children are: Grace M. (born March 10, 1870), Edward H. (born February 25, 1874), and Ethel R. Cummings (born January i, 1880). CURRIER, Bknjamin Hai.i,, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was bom in Newburyport, October 23, 1796; died in Boston, December 24, 1894, at the great age of ninety-eight. He was a son of Joseph and .Abigail (Tappan) Currier, de- scended on his mother's side from .Msraham 'l"ap- pan, who came to this country from Yarmouth, England, in 1637, and was one of the earliest set- tlers in Newbury. He was educated in \cwbury- port public schools, and came to Boston in 181:;, when he was nineteen years old, walking all the 740 MEN OF PROGRESS. way, and began the study of law. He became a successful man in his profession, was for a long period a justice of the peace, and for many years commissioner for every State in the Union. He was past middle life when he was admitted to the bar, on the 5th of March, 1853, in the old Court of Common Pleas of Suffolk County. He enjoyed remarkably good health through his long life, and retained his faculties till the last. He continued in the practice of his profession till he was ninety years, and could see to read and write till he was ninety-five. He was a fond lover of nature, and enjoyed most thoroughly his daily walks, which he BENJAMIN H. CURRIER. never failed to take in all kinds of weather except, of course, until the last few years. He walked out five days before he died. He ascribed his excellent health and vigor to his regular exercise in the open air, his moderation in all things, and his cheerful disposition and trust in God. In re- ligious faith he was an Episcopalian, and was one of the original members and proprietors of St. Paul's Church. Mr. Currier was twice married, marrying first, July u, 1838, Miss Amelia M. Odin, daughter of John Odin, of Poston, who died in 1850; and second, August 5, 1857, Miss Rox- anna Blanchard, daughter of Andrew Pllanchard, of Medford. He left four children bv his first wife : Amelia ( ). (now widow of Joseph Richard- son), George O., Mary L. (widow of Charles H. Richardson), and Harriet \V. (wife of Harris M. Stephenson). s CURTIS, EnwiN Ui'TOn, of Boston, mayor of the city 1895, was born in Roxbury (now of Boston), March 26, 1861, son of George and Martha Ann (Upton) Curtis. He is a direct de- scendant on the paternal side of William Curtis, one of the earliest settlers in Roxbury, landing in Boston from the ship " Lyon " in 1632; and on the maternal side from an old Central Massa- chusetts family. His father was for many years a builder, constructing numerous business build- ings in Boston and in Roxbury, and subsequently a lumber merchant ; served for four years as an alderman of Roxbury before its annexation to Boston, was an overseer of the poor for a number of years in Roxbury and in Boston, and a repre- sentative in the General Court for three terms. His mother was a daughter of Joseph and Susan (Thurston) Upton, of Fitchburg. Edwin U. Curtis attended the grammar and Latin schools of Rox- bury and the Little Blue School at Farmington, Me., where he fitted for college, entered Bowdoin College, and graduated there in 1S82. Three years later he recei\ed tlie degree of A.M. from his alma maicr. Choosing law as his profession, he read in the office of Gaston & \\'hitney, and was admitted to the bar on January 20, 1885. He began practice at once in Boston, forming a partnership with William G. Reed under the firm name of Reed & Curtis, and, with the exception of his terms of municipal service in city offices, has been actively engaged since. In 1889 he was elected city clerk by the city council, and served througii re-election two terms. He was elected to the mayoralty as a Republican candi- date in the December election of 1894, succeed- ing Nathan IMatthews, Jr., Democrat, by a deci- sive vote of 34,982 to 32,425 over his Democratic competitor. General Francis H. Peabody. Al- though one of the youngest men who has ever been mayor of Boston, Mayor Curtis has shown marked ability in dealing with nuuiicipal prob- lems. The most important change brought about in the first six months of his adnnnistration was the placing of the fire, water, and institutions departments each under a single commissioner. This reform was ad\ocated bv Mr. Curtis before and after his election ; and an act of the Legis- MEN OF I'KOGRESS. 741 hiturt; :illo\vcd the change to take uffect July i, 1895. Uy the same act, with the approval of Mayor I'lirlis. several departments were consoli- Isaac,' fifth and youngest son of William, horn in Roxhury ; Samuel, ad,' Isaac's youngest son; Philip, 2(1, 1 third son of Samuel, minister of the church in Sharon for upwards of half a century ; l''rancis,5 seventh son of i'hilip ; George,'' ninth child of Francis; and Nelson. 7 His brother is the present mayor of IJoston (1S95). He was educated in the public schools, at the Chauncy Hall School, graduating in the class of 1881, and by private tutors. At the age of seventeen he entered the mills of S. i). Warren & Co. at Cum- berland Mills, Maine, and served an apprentice- ship of three years there at paper-making. Snbse- (|uenlly he engaged in manufacturing on his own account, giving much attention to the improve- ment of high classes of paper. Of late years he has been most actively concerned in the manu- facture of paper for photographic printing, as president and general manager of the American Photographic Paper Company. He is also ac- tively engaged in wholesale paper dealing on his own account. He is a member of the JJoston Paper Trade Association, but not an active club man. fn politics he is a steadfast Republican. EDWIN U, CUKTIS. dated in order to secure greater efficiency ; and the mayor's term of office was changed from one to two years, to take effect in 1896. Mr. Curtis has always been a stanch Republican, and in 18S8 was secretary of the Republican city com- mittee. He is prominent in the Masonic order, connected with the Washington Lodge of Ro.v bury, Mt. Vernon Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and of Joseph Warren Commandery, Knights Templar. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association, of the University, Algonquin, Itoston, Athletic, Ro.xbury, Middlesex, and Willow Point clubs, and of the Bowdoin College Alumni Asso- ciation. Mayor Curtis is unmarried. I ^ CURTIS, Nelson, of Boston, paper manufact- urer, was born in lioxbury, January 17, 1864, son of George and Martha Ann (Upton) Curtis. nelson curtis. He is a lineal descendant of William Curtis, who came to this country from England, either from Mr. Curtis was married June 25, 1888, to Miss London or Warwickshire, in the ship "Lyon," Genevieve Frances Young, of Boston. They have in 1632, and settled in Roxbury. The line runs: two children: Nelson, Jr., and Frances Curtis. 742 MEN OF PROGRESS. CUTTING, Frank Alexis, of Boston, presi- dent and manager of the Cutting Car Company, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Washington, August i6, 1855, son of Alexis and Esther R. (Hill) Cutting. He is of English descent. His father's grandfather first settled at Paxton, Conn., with other brothers. He was edu- cated in the public schools in Lebanon, N.H., and Winchester, Mass., to which places his parents re- moved during his boyhood, and at Comer's Com- mercial College in Boston. He started in busi- ness in Canada at Actonvale, P.Q., December, 1875, when he was but twenty years old, engaging after marriage. He tiien returned to Winchester, which has been his home ever since. Their chil- dren are : Spencer Alexis, Marjorie, and Robert Hill Cutting. FRANK A. CUTTING. in the shipment of hemlock bark to New England tanneries, situated near Boston. Beginning in a small way, he steadily increased his operations until now they extend into Maine, New Hamp- shire, Vermont, New York, and Pennsylvania, and Canadian Provinces ; and he is the largest operator in his line, and the only one who owns and oper- ates a line of railway cars for his exclusive use in his own business. In politics Mr. Cutting is an Independent ; but he takes no active part, devot- ing his time to his business. He is a member of the Calumet Club of Winchester. He married June 8, 1 88 1, Miss Anna Mary Shaw, of Waterloo, P.O., and resided in that town for three years DALLIN, Cyrus Edwin, of Boston, sculptor, is a native of Utah, born in Springville, Novem- ber 22, 1 86 1, son of Thomas and Jane (Hamer) Dallin. His paternal grandfather, Tobias Uallin, who was born in Ilfracombe, England, and came to America in 1850, was a skilful draughtsman ; and his maternal grandfather, Samuel Hamer, also born in England, had a talent for invention, which one of his sons inherited. Cyrus Edwin Dallin was educated in the district schools, and also in the Presbyterian schools of his native place. There were no works of art in the homes of the people of the settlement, for they had come such a long and arduous journey across the plains that they had brought with them only the barest ne- cessities. Thus it was that he never saw any sculpture, nor even any pictures of sculpture, till after he was sixteen years old. At the age of six he began to show his desire to imitate, and at twelve he modelled some heads in clay. From that time he kept up some sort of art study, copy- ing engravings and drawing from nature as best he could, unaided by any instruction. In 1879 he was working with his father in the silver mines of Tintic, Utah, and some beautiful white clay was taken from the mine. With this he modelled two ideal heads. These were shown to all who visited the mining camp ; and C. H. Blanchard, a Boston gentleman who had settled in Tintic, was so impressed by them that he advised the boy's father to send him to Boston to study. This his father could not afford to do, so Mr. Blanchard interested Joab Lawrence, of Salt Lake City, in him ; and these two men furnished the money necessary for the journey to Boston. In the spring of 1880 he came to Boston, and began his studies. His first work was an enlarged copy of one of ]5arye's tigers, which he put into terra- cotta. In 1883 he took a studio in Boston, and made his first design for the competition for the statue of Paul Revere. At an anonymous com- petition he was awarded one of the three prizes ; and at a subsequent competition, limited to the three successful competitors, his design was chosen, and a contract was drawn up for the erection of the statue. The city of Boston was pledged to furnish five thousand dollars, and the MKN OK PROGRESS. 74: rest was to be raised by subscription. 'I he com- mittee in charge of the matter has never fulfilled its trust, and the city still is without a statue to her famous hero. In the spring of 1888 Mr. 1 )allin exhibited his first life-size figure, entitled "Indian Hunter," at the exhibition of the Ameri- can Art Association, New York, and was awarded the gold medal of the year. He also modelled busts of James Russell Lowell and Oliver Wendell Holmes. In August of the same year he went to Paris to continue his studies, where he worked under Henri Chapu and at the Fxole des iJeaux Arts. While in Paris, he modelled an equestrian C. E. DALLIN. statue of Lafayette, which was exhibited at the Exposition in i88g. He also made his first exhibit at the Salon of- 1890, and was awarded Honorable Mention for his statue entitled " The Signal of Peace." This statue was afterward put into bronze, and at the World's Fair at Chicago was awarded a medal and diploma. Judge Lambert Tree, of Chicago, purchased the work ; and it was unveiled in Lincoln Park in June, 1894. After his return to Boston in 1890 he modelled the " Awakening of Spring," which was shown at the Society of American Artists, New York, in 1891. Mr. Dallin remained in Salt Lake City from 1891 to the close of 1893; and, while there, he modelled several busts, among them a marble bust of Dr. Hamilton, which was exhibited at the World's Fair. He also made the model for the bronze angel on the spire of the Mormon Temple of that city ; an equestrian design for a statue of Sheridan, w-hich won a prize at the competition at Chicago : a statuette of " Sunol," which was cast in silver, and presented to Robert Bonner. He is now at work on a Pioneer Monu- ment for the same city. Since his return to Bos- ton, in December, 1893, he has modelled a bas- relief, " Mother and Child"; " Despair," a nude female figure; a design for a statue of Sir Isaac Newton, for the Congressional Library at Wash- ington ; a design for a statue of Robert Ross, which took a prize in the competition at Troy ; and a design for a statue of Hancock for the city of Boston. He has been appointed instructor in modelling at the Drexel Institute, Philadelphia, for the year 1895-96. He is a member of the Twentieth Century Club and of the Art Club of Boston, of the University Club of Salt Lake City, and of the National Sculpture Society of New York. Mr. Dallin was married June 16, 189 1, to Miss Vittoria Colonna Murray, of Boston, who was for some years a teacher in the fJirls' High School, and also in the Boston Normal School. They have two children : Kdwin Ber- tram and Thomas Sidwav Dallin. DARLING, Major Charles Kimball, of Boston, member of the bar, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Corinth, June 28, 1864, son of Joseph and Mary Alice (Knight) Darling. On the maternal side he is descended from John Knight, who came from P^ngland and settled in Newburyport in 1635. His father's ancestors are traced back for several generations among the sturdiest families in Maine and New Hampshire. His father is a leading lawyer in Vermont, resid- ing in Chelsea. His early education was acquired in the schools of his native town. He was fitted for college at the Barre (Vt.) Academy, and was graduated at Dartmouth College in 1S85. He was also for nearly two years a cadet at the Cnited States Military Academy at West Point. I'pon leaving college, he went to Fitchburg, Mass., and was employed there in various lines of work by the Fitchburg, Old Colony, and Cheshire rail- roads. In these pursuits he continued until 1891, when he became connected with the Fitchburg 744 MEN OF PROGRESS. Diiily Si'iitincl, witli which he remained until 11S93. meanwhile taking up the study of law, and later completing the course at the Boston University I a member of the council in chief, and was made secretary of that body. He is also connected with the order of (Md Fellows. He is historian of the Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the Ameri- can Revolution, a corresponding member of the Fitchburg Historical .Society, and a member of the Fitchburg Athletic Club. Major Darling is unmarried. DAVIS, HoR.\Ti(), of Boston, manufacturer, was born in Boston, April 6. 1S57, son of William and Maria (Davis) Davis. He is a direct de- scendant of William Davis, born in Wales, 1617. died in Ro.xbury, Mass., 1683. the line running: Ebenezer, his son, born in Ro.xbury 1678, died 1712; Colonel Aaron Davis, born 1709, died 1777, in Ro.xbury; Moses Davis, born 1744, died 1823 ; ^^'illiam Davis, born 1770, died 1S50; and William Davis, father of Horatio, born iSoi, died 1865. Colonel Aaron Davis was a delegate to the three Provincial Congresses of Massachusetts, 1774-75, representing the town of Roxbury, and was colonel of Massachusetts militia ; and Moses Davis was a " minute man " at Lexington. Ho- CHAS. K. DARLING, Law School. He was admitted to the Worcester County bar in June, 1895. In 1894 he was ap- pointed editor of the " Early Laws of Massachu- setts " in the ofiice of the Secretary of the Com- monwealth, which position he still holds. In September, 1887, he was appointed sergeant major of the Si.xth Regiment, Massachusetts Vol- unteer Militia, in February, 1889, was commis- sioned adjutant, and in April, 1893, became major, his present rank. While residing in Fitchburg, he was concerned actively and prominently in public affairs, serving on the School Committee for three years, and for several terms as clerk of the Com- mon Council and of committees. In politics he is a Republican. He is an able speaker, and in de- mand especially on patriotic occasions. Major Darling is prominent in the order of the Sons of Veterans, U.S.A. Passing through the various camp and division offices to the command of the Massachusetts Division in 1891-92, he was in 1893 appointed by Commander-in-chief Joseph B. Maccabe adjutant-general of the organization. At the 'Phirteenth Annual Encampment, held at Davenport, la., in August, 1894, he was elected HORATIO DAVIS. ratio was educated at private schools in Roxbury, and also at Jamaica Plain. He was fitted for college, but did not enter, taking a business op- MEN OF PROGRESS. 745 portunity instead. He entered the factory of the Pearson Cordage Company, Roxbury, on the first of January, 1877, to learn the cordage business practically, and remained there until May, 1880, when he entered the service of the Boston Cord- age Company. In the following December he was appointed superintendent, and made a director. He continued in connection with the manufacturing and selling departments until No- vember, 1 89 1, when he was appointed manager. In March, 1894, he was appointed manager of the Chelsea and Standard Cordage Companies, and in November following was also made treas- urer of the Sewall & Day Cordage Company and Boston manager of the United .States Cordage Company. Mr. Davis was a member of the first Corps of Cadets for three years. He is now a member of the New England Historic Genea- logical Society, of the Sons of the Revolution, and of the Union, Puritan, E.xchange, Country, Ath- letic, and Eastern Yacht clubs. In politics he is Republican in national elections, and Indepen- dent in State and city. Mr. Davis is unmarried. he was for about four years the editor, he came to Boston for that paper in 1888, and is still associated with it. He also conducts the Ameri- DEMING, Edwin Duane, of Boston, editor of trade papers, is a native of New York, born in Chautauqua, June 18, 1856, son of L. C. and Janette (Burt) Darning. He is descended from John Deming, who settled at W'eathersfield, Conn., early in the seventeenth century, — about 161 7; and on the maternal side from the Burts of New Hampshire. He was educated in the common schools and at the Collegiate Institute. His father and grandfather were engaged in the lum- ber and tanning business, and he was brought up in that line. He, however, early learned the printer's trade, and engaged in the new^spaper business. At first he was with papers of the oil region in Pennsylvania, where new towns were springing up through the discovery of oil. At the age of twenty he purchased a local paper at Sugar Grove, Penna. Later he owned the Fulton Times of Fulton, N.Y., and the Enterprise of Gowanda, N.Y. He was also some time in the employ of the New York Times as a reporter, and subsequently of the New "\'ork Herald as a special correspondent. For a time, also, he was one of the publishers of a daily paper at Grand Rapids, Mich. Since about 1S84 he has been connected with trade papers. Becoming asso- ciated with the Shoe and Leather Reviezv, of which ZKL. ED. D. DEMING. ean Glover, the only paper representing the glove trade in all its branches of leather and fabric goods. He belongs to the Masonic orders. He was married February 22, 1881, to Miss Emma Woodward, of Buffalo, N.Y. They have no children. DEVER, JoHX Fr.ancis, of Boston, alderman, was born in Boston, May 22, 1853, son of Mar- garet (Doherty) and Neil Dever, both of whom were natives of Ireland. He was educated in the Boston public schools, graduating from the May- hew School in 1866. Upon leaving school, he went to work as office boy for the Newton ()il Company at No. 3 Central Wharf. A year later he entered the employ of the New England News Company as a " pick-up " boy, from which he was soon promoted to the position of order clerk, and then to that of entry clerk. He remained with this company eleven years, finally leaving to take a position in 'the office of the Boston Courier. September, 1879, he left the Courier to enter the ofiice of the registrars of voters as an e.xtra clerk. The following November he was elected 746 MEN OF PROGRESS. to the House of Representatives from the Twenti- eth Suffolk District as a Democrat, defeating his Republican opponent by five votes. A recount was had, and Mr. Dever lost three votes, and his opponent gained two, which made a tie vote, each candidate having one thousand one hun- dred. His competitor petitioned the Legisla- ture (1880) for the seat, claiming that a man living in Precinct i had voted illegally on a name similar to his in Precinct 3. The com- mittee on elections decided that the man in ques- tion had a right to vote in the ward ; and, his name not being checked on the list in Precinct i. JOHN F. DEVER. it was held that his vote should count. This de- cision caused the vote to remain a tie ; and the committee further recommended the issuance of a precept for a new election by the Speaker. The recommendation being adopted, the election was held in February ; and Mr. Dever triumphed by a majority of two hundred and thirty-two. He was re-elected for 1881, and at the end of that term voluntarily retired from elective office. During Mr. Dever's term of service in the Legis- lature he was employed by the registrars of voters as an assistant registrar and extra clerk, when that body was not in session; and in May, 1882, he was made a regular clerk, and continued in that position until June, 1885, when he was appointed as chief clerk in the ma3-or's office by Mayor O'Brien. — an appointment made necessary by the revision of the city charter. About a month after this appointment the mayor named him superintendent of streets, having removed the official who held that office. The Board of Aldermen was composed at that time of three Democrats and nine Republicans, and he failed of confirmation. LTpon Mr. O'Brien's re-election in 1886, one of the latter's first acts was to send his appointment to the Board of Aldermen again, that body consisting that year of six Re- publicans, five Democrats, and one Independent Democrat. He failed again of confirmation, re- ceiving but six votes, one of the regular Demo- crats voting against him, and one Republican and the Independent voting for him. During all that time he was holding his place as clerk for the mayor, and continued to do so until the election of Mayor Hart in December, 1888. In January, i88g, Mr. Dever became associated with the New England Piano Company, one of the largest piano manufacturers in the country, with warerooms at No. 200 Tremont Street and factories at Rox- bury, as its local representative ; and from that time he has been associated with it, meeting with notable success. In December, 1891, he re- appeared in politics as the Democratic aldermanic candidate in the Tenth District, the district system being in vogue at that time. This district has been considered a strong Republican one ; but that year Republicans, not being satisfied with their regular nominee, nominated an Indepen- dent, thus insuring Mr. Dever's election. When the votes were counted, it was discovered that he had obtained a majority of eighty-five votes over his two opponents. The following year he was re-elected over his Republican competitor by a majority of two hundred and thirty-five ; and from that time on the district has been classed as Democratic. The next year the candidates ran at large, owing to the acceptance by the people of Boston of the legislative act ; and Mr. Dever, being a candidate, was again re-elected, receiving the second highest vote cast for the aldermanic ticket. Being a candidate the following year, he was again re-elected to serve in the board of 1895, receiving a very flattering vote. Mr. Dever is connected with numerous fraternal organizations : a member of the Knights of St. Rose ; deputy grand knight of Mt. Pleasant Council, Knights of MEN OF PROGRESS. 747 (.Columbus ; past ruler and present counsellor of Montgomery Assembly, Royal Society of Good Fellows ; past chief ranger Mt. Pleasant Court, Catholic order of Foresters; and a member of the lioston Highland Mutual Relief Society, and of the American Benefit Society. He is also a member of the Roxbury Military and Historical Society, of the Montgomery Veteran Light Guard Association, and of the Young Men's Catholic Association of Boston College. Of the latter he has been a director and financial secretary for eight years, and is at present one of the trustees. When the college association was started, he took great interest in amateur theatricals, and has played such characters as Macbeth, Hotspur in "Henry IV.," Rover in "Wild Oats," Choppard in the " Lyons Mail," Bill Sykes in '• Oliver Twist," and numerous other minor characters. In politics he has been an active Democrat since he reached the voting age, and has been a mem- ber of the Democratic ward and city committee since 1874, being its secretary during 1S76-78. His club associations are with the Clover Club, the Roxbury Bachelor Club, and the Roxbury Club. Mr. Dever was married June 3, 1880, to Miss Katherine Josephine Dowling. His family consists of four children : John Francis, Jr., Esther Cobb, Margaret, and Grace. DOLAN, William Andrew, M.I)., of Fall River, was born in Shirley, July 28, 185S, son of Andrew and Jane (McBride) Dolan. His father was a nati\e of Dublin, Ireland, and his mother of Portobello, Scotland. His parents moved to Fall River when he was an infant, and that city has since been his home. He was edu- cated in the Fall River public schools and at St. Joseph's College, St. Joseph, N.B. (affiliated with Laval University), graduating there in June, 1879. He studied medicine in the medical de- partment of the University of Pennsylvania, and upon his graduation therefrom, March 15, 1882, entered St. Peter's Hospital, Albany, as house surgeon. After a year in the hospital service he began general practice in Fall River, and has since been actively engaged there. Since 1892 he has been medical examiner for the Third Bris- tol District, appointed to this position by Governor Russell, and as such was the medical official in charge of the celebrated " Borden murder case." He is now also visiting surgeon to the Fall River Hospital and the St. Vincent Orphans' Home, and examining surgeon for several life and acci- dent insurance companies. He is a member and ex-censor and councillor of the Massachusetts Medical Society, member of the Massachusetts Medico-Legal Society, and member and e.x-presi- dent of the Fall River Medical Society. He was one of the founders and for some years treasurer and member of the executive committee of the Clover Club, the most prominent social club in Fall River ; and he is a member of the Benevo- lent and Protective Order of Elks, and of the Catholic Knights of America. He also belongs W. A. DOLAN. to the Boston Life Underwriters' .Vssociation. In politics he is a Democrat, but not active in politi- cal work. He has been a justice of the peace for several years, by appointment of Governor Ames. Dr. Dolan was married May 29, 18S3, to Miss Nellie B. Hussey. They have three children : Thomas, Nellie B., and William A. Dolan. Jr. DOUGLASS. Darwin- Df. Furriest, of Spring- field, manufacturer of artificial limbs, is a native of Connecticut, born in the town of Bloomfield, November 9, 1827, son of Francis and Fanny (Griswold) Douglass. When he was six months 748 MEN OF PROGRESS. old, his parents removed to Elyria, Ohio, as pio- neers of what was then called "New Connecticut," or Western Reserve. Here he laid the founda- tion of the strong, robust health which he so much enjoys. He is of Scotch descent from the earliest Douglasses of Scotland, dating back to the year 117s, famous in the early Scottish history. He was educated in the common school. He was self- trained for active life, constantly studying every- thing pertaining to his profession, in the effort to bring his work to the highest degree of excellence. His business career was begun in January, 1849, in the invention of the " Douglass artificial leg." D. De FORREST DOUGLASS. After two years' study and practical application of the work, he developed what has since been his life-work of forty-si.x years, — manufacturing and applying artificial limbs to patients in all parts of the world. The invention was at once a success, while the enterprise of small proportions gradually grew in magnitude. In 1873 he built the large brick building at Xos. 206 and 20S Union Street, Springfield, for residence, factory, and office, where he is doing business and "located for life." As the demand for his work increased, he found it expedient to open a branch office in Boston ; and for the last twentv-five years his place of business in that city has been at Xos. 13 and 15 Tremont Street, with the well-known firm of Codman &■ Shurtleff, manufacturers of surgical appliances. Orders come for his work from France, England, Turkey, New Zealand, Cuba, South ,\merica, the Azores, Mexico, Germany, China, and the British Possessions. Mr. Douglass is commissioned by the United States government to supply officers and soldiers who have lost legs in the military service of the country. He is under a bond of ten thousand dollars, which is on file in the War Department at Washington, to guarantee good work. In filling this contract, he has in no in- stance given anything but entire satisfaction to the government and his hundreds of patrons. Dr. Douglass is not a member of societies or clubs. In politics he is the ideal Independent, voting always for the "best man," caring nothing for his politics. He was married January i, 1S50, to Miss Susan Charlotte Stickles, daughter of David and Elizabeth Stickles. She was born October 25, 1827, and died April i, 1888. He has one daughter : Jennie Grace Douglass, who is at the head of his domestic household. DRESSER, George, M.D., of Chicopee, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Antrim, May 9, 1838, son of Daniel and Sarah (McAllister) Dresser. His father was of English descent, and his mother of Scotch-Irish, her ances- tors being among the first settlers of Londonderry, N.H. Her maternal grandfather was a captain in the army during the Revolutionary War. Dr. Dresser received his general education in the common schools and at different academies. He studied medicine first at the .Albany Medical College, and afterward at the Harvard Medical .School, graduating from the latter in Jul)', 1862. During 1872 he spent the winter months in further study in New York colleges. He began practice immediately after his graduation in 1862, in the town of Grafton, Vt., and remained there nearly eleven years. Then he removed to Chico- pee, where he has since been actively engaged. While practising in Vermont, he was a member of the Connecticut River Medical Society, and he is now a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society. In politics he is a Republican. He has held no public office, confining himself exclusively to his professional duties. He was first married in July, 1862, to Miss Marcella E. White, who died the following year. He married second, in Eebru- MEN OF PROGRESS. 749 ary, 1865, Miss Lucy A. Eaton. She died in 1 888. He married third, in October, 1890, Miss Liilie H. King. By his second marriage he had M % 1^ W \ \ 1 CEO. DRESSER. two daughters : Inez F. and L. AHce Dresser, both of whom are dead ; and by his third wife he has one daughter : Louise H. Dresser. DUDLEY, Henry Watson, ^LD., of Abing- ton, was born in Gilmanton, N.H., November 30, 1831, son of John Kimball Dudley, now (1895) living in his ninety-first year, and Betsey Harvey (Oilman) Dudley. He is of the ninth genera- tion from the old colonial governor, Thomas Dudley, through his son, the Rev. Samuel Dudley, who resided, preached, and died in Exeter, N.H., between 1650 and 1683. Stephen, a great-grand- son of the Rev. Samuel, who was an early settler of Gilmanton, N.H., and well known as Deacon Stephen Dudley, was Dr. Dudley's great-great- grandfather. Dr. Dudley was educated in the schools of his native town, fitting for college at Gilmanton Academy in the class of 1851 ; and he was graduated from the Harvard Medical School in March, 1864. Ten years before studying medi- cine he taught school, one year principal of the Rochester (N.H.) High School, and two years teacher of mathematics in the Pittsfield (X.H.) Academy ; and he was teaching in Culpeper, Va., at the time of the famous John Brown raid in the autumn of 1859. He settled in Abington April 6, 1864, and has since resided and been engaged there in active practice. From 1882 to 1893 he held the chair of pathology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Boston, and in 1893 was elected professor of pathology in the Tufts College Medical School, where he is still engaged. While residing in New Hampshire, Dr. Dudley was school commissioner of Belknap County, and member of the State I!oard of Education by ap- pointment of Governor Berry in 1861, and reap- pointed in 1862 and 1863. Since 1890 he has been one of the medical examiners of Plymouth County. He was president of the Plymouth District Medical Society in 1878 and 1879, ^^^ been one of the councillors of the Massachusetts Medical Society since 1883, and is also a member of the Massachusetts Medico-Legal Society. He has been connected with the Masonic fraternity since 1859. In politics Dr. Dudley has been a Republican since the birth of that party, and has HENRY WATSON DUDLEY. neither held nor sought public office. He was married March 20, 1854, to Miss Mary Ann Lougee (deceased). They had five children': MEN OF PROGRESS. Bayard, Georgie May (deceased), Frank (de- ceased), Charles, now a student in medicine, and Mary Dudley. Dr. Dudley was married June ii, 1876, to Priscilla Rogers Ellis (deceased), and was married May 9, 1888, to S. Florence Marchant (deceased). DURELL, Thomas Moulton, M.D., of Somer- ville, is a native of Maine, born in Calais, Oc- tober 2, 1858, son of Rev. George Wells and Jane Berry (Moulton) Durell. He is of the Durell family which came from the island of Jersey in 1678, and settled in Arundel, now Ken- THOMAS M. DURELL, nebunkport, Me., where his father was born. His parents moved to Somerville when he was a child ; and he was educated in the Somerville public schools, graduating from the High School. He entered the Harvard Medical School at the age of eighteen, and- graduated in 1879. Subse- quently he spent si,\ months in further study in Europe, and one year m the Connecticut General Hospital) in New Haven. He began general practice in Somerville early in 1881, and in 1882 was appointed city physician, which office he held until 1889. Meanwhile, in 1887 he was ap- pointed by Governor Robinson medical examiner for the Second District, Middlesex Countv. and was reappointed in 1893 by Governor Russell. He is now also professor of legal medicine in the Medical School of Tufts College, one of the visit- ing surgeons to the Somerville Hospital, member and chairman of the Somerville Board of Health. From 1884 to 1888 he was surgeon of the First Battalion of Cavalry, Massachusetts Militia. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety and of the Massachusetts Medico-Legal Society. Dr. Durell is prominent in the Masonic order, being a member of the John Abbot Lodge (past master) ; of Somerville Royal Arch Chapter, the Orient Council Royal and Select Masters, the Cceur de Lion Commander)-, Knights Templar ; and a past district deputy grand master of the Sixth Masonic District ; and he is a member of the Oasis Lodge of Odd Fellows. His club affil- iations are with the Central Club of Somerville, and the L^niversity Club of Boston. He is in- terested in city affairs, and has served some time as a member of the Somerville School Board. He was married June 3, 1886, to Miss Alma L. Brintnall. Their children are : Thomas and Ralph Brintnall Durell. EDWARDS, Franklix Wallace, M.D., of Southbridge, is a native of \\'est Virginia, born in Wheeling, December 31, 1855, son of Dr. Ed- ward William Edwards and Catherine Rosalba ( Diffenderffer) Edwards. He is of Welsh descent on the paternal side, and originally German, but Baltimorean for two centuries, on the maternal side. The Diffenderffer family is very old, and is well known to this day in Baltimore ; and there have been a number of leading physicians of that name. Dr. Edwards was educated in private schools, which he attended until he reached the age of seventeen, and at Hellmuth College, Lon- don, Ontario. He did not graduate from college, having two weeks prior to graduation left with twenty other American boys, owing to strife on national grounds. His training for his profession was mostly under the supervision of his father, who was engaged in active practice in Chicago from i860 to 1889 ; and, having always intended to become a physician, he entered into it with pleasurable zeal. He graduated from Rush Medi- cal College February 15, 1876, and began prac- tice the following year, after experience in Cook County Hospital, in partnership with his father. He remained in Chicago in active practice for MEN OF PROGRESS. 751 about ten years, and then was obliged to leave the city on account of the illness of his wife. After travelling in the South and South-east for some months, he settled early in 1888 at Wilmot Flat, N.H., and there resumed practice. In iSgo he removed to Meriden, N.H., and from there, two years later, removed to Southbridge, his pres- ent location. While practising in Meriden, he changed from allopathy to homoeopathy, which he has since followed. He has been town physician for three years, and is now examining physician in Southbridge for a number of insurance companies, among them the New England Mutual Accident r j^^^ F. W. EDWARDS. Association, the Mutual Life Association of Mas- sachusetts, the New York Life, and the New England Life. He devotes much time to surgery, and has performed most of the difficult operations successfully ; and he is trying to keep as near to a surgical practice as possible. He is a member of the American Institute of Homceopathy, the Mas- sachusetts Homoeopathic Society, and the Worces- ter County Homoeopathic Society. He is an active member of the Southbridge Lodge of Free- masons, and a member of the Royal Arcanum, of the latter also e.xamining surgeon. In politics he has always been Democratic, but not prejudiced or an active partisan. He has served on the School Board of Southbridge. In religious faith he is a Baptist, and he is on all of the local Bap- tist church committees. Dr. Edwards was mar- ried January 18, 1882, to Miss Helen Mary Kingsland, daughter of A. W. Kingsland, of Chicago. They have no children. EMERY, Francis Faulkner, of Boston, mer- chant and manufacturer, was born in Roxbury (now of Boston), March 26, 1830, son of Francis Welch Roberts and Sophronia (Faulkner) Emery. He is of sterling English ancestry, and on both sides descended from early comers to New Eng- land. On the paternal side he is in the eighth generation from John Emery, born in Ronisey, in Hampshire (Hants), England, in 1598, who came over in the ship "James," arriving at Charles- town in 1635, and settled with his wife and two children at Newbury, where he became a man of importance, and died in 1683. Mr. Emery is in the direct line from John Emery's son Jonathan by his second wife. Jonathan was engaged in King Philip's War, and was wounded in the Nar- ragansett fight in December, 1675. Joshua, grandfather of Mr. Emery, born in 1774 at At- kinson, N.H., but for the larger part of his life living in Newburyport, was a house-builder and contractor, and subsequently steward of the An- dover Theological Seminary for nineteen years. Francis W. R., Mr. Emery's father, was the sec- ond of six sons of Joshua, born in Newburyport, came to Boston in 1824, where he was appren- ticed to a builder and contractor, was engaged in rubber manufacture in Ro.xbury from 1832 to 1836, when the financial crash of that period swept away his means, then for a few years was on a farm in Bedford, and, returning to Boston in 1843, became a builder and contractor, soon taking a leading position in the trade, building Music Hall and numerous other public .structures, large stores, and blocks of dwellings. He died in Glas- gow, Scotland, in i860. On the maternal side Mr. Emery is a descendant in the seventh genera- tion from Edmond Faulkner, whose name is ninth in the list of first settlers of Andover in 1634, and in the eighth generation from Ezekiel Rich- ardson, settled in Charlestown in 1630, one of the first board of selectmen, a deputy in the Gen- eral Court, and one of those who founded the First Church in Boston. Mr. Emery was edu- cated at Phillips (Andover) Academy and at the 752 MEN OF PROGRESS. Boston English High School, from which he grad- uated in 1S4S. That year, at the age of eighteen, he began his business career, entering the hide and leather house of James P. Thorndike in Bos- ton as a clerk. In September of the following year, 1849, ^^ sailed for San Francisco, Cal., as supercargo on the ship "Carthage," carrying out a cargo of materials for house-building there. He remained in San Francisco for nearl)' two years, superintending the erection of forty houses, from which enterprise, in which he had a third interest, he realized the sum of seventeen thousand dol- lars. Returning to Boston in 185 i, in the spring V mgi^: ^^^He^ ^^ TSft 1 is ' ?* mi. 1 FRANCIS F. EMERY. of 1852 he entered the employ of Frederick Jones, a boot and shoe manufacturer of Athol, whose business was at that time one of the largest in New England, with factory in Athol and store in Boston ; and in the following year became a partner with Mr. Jones, under the firm name of Frederick Jones & Co., which relation continued for nearly thirty years. The firm was the first in New England to manufacture boots and shoes entirely by machinery. It was also among the earliest to make army shoes, in anticipation of the Civil War ; and throughout the war great quan- tities of these shoes were produced at its fac- tories, which not infrequently were run night and day to meet large orders at short notice. From 1882, the firm of Frederick Jones & Co. being then dissohed, Mr. Emery continued the busi- ness alone until 1891, when it was discon- tinued ; and he retired. During his active career Mr. Emery was prominent and influential in many movements for the benefit of the boot and shoe industry. He was one of the projectors and al- ways an active supporter of the New England Shoe and Leather Association, a pioneer trade organization ; and an early member and one of the presidents of the Boot and Shoe Club. In early life he was identified with the Boston Board of Trade, at one time a vice-president of that or- ganization, and was prominent in its work. He was among the first in New England to join ener- getically, after the close of the war, in the move- ment for the repeal of the internal revenue tax upon manufactured goods ; was a leader in the reform resulting in the removal of the import duty on hides ; and was foremost in the contest against unjust discrimination in freight rates from Bos- ton to the West, setting in motion forces to which, it has been said, the equitable condition of freight rates to-day is in great measure due. Mr. Emery has always taken an active part in politics, but has never suft'ered his name to be nominated for a political office. Upon his return from Califor- nia, in 185 1, he was instrumental in the organiza- tion of a committee composed of representatives of churches of different denominations in Boston, dissatisfied with the condition of local politics, who nominated Jacob Sleeper as a third candi- date for mayor, the result of which was a division of the parties and three elections before a choice was made in the Whig candidate, J. V. C. Smith. The organization was continued for about a year, and out of it grew the Boston Young Men's Chris- tian Association and the Young Men's Christian Union, the latter resulting from a split in the committee. In the presidential campaign of i860 Mr. Emery supported the Bell and Everett ticket, but he has since been a steadfast Repub- lican. He was one of the earl)* members and active supporters of the Massachusetts Rifle Club, a semi-military organization formed at the out- break of the Civil War, which sent to the war as officers two hundred and fifty-six thoroughly drilled men, and w'hich for a week served as a military force to protect Boston at the time of the so-called Draft Riot. He has been a member of the Commercial Club for a long period ; is also a MEN OF PROGRESS. 753 iiRMiil)er of the Art and Algonquin clubs, and is identified with the order of Freemasons, belong- ing to the Lodge of Eleusis, St. Paul's Chapter, antl the St. Bernard Conimandery. He was mar- ried September i8, 1855, to Miss Caroline Sweet- ser Jones, daughter of Frederick Jones, his early partner. They have had four children : Maria S., I'rancis F., Jr., Edward Stanley, and Frederick lones F.niery. Mrs. Einery died in 1S90. ENNF"-KING, John Joseph, of Boston, artist, is a nati\e of Ohio, born in Minster, Auglaize County, October 4, 1841, son of Joseph J. and Mary M. (Bramlage) Enneking. He is of Ger- man descent. He was educated in the local .schools, and at Mount St. Mary's College, in Cin- cinnati, and while a school-boy displayed his de- cided talent for drawing in picture-making on his slate and in charcoal work at home. This ten- dency was not welcomed bv his father, who hoped to make a man of business of him ; but he had the sympathy of his mother, who had artistic tastes and was herself something of an artist. At St. Mary's, in addition to the regular studies, he devoted several hours each week to drawing and music lessons, and was fortunate in receiving en- couragement and helpful advice in the pursuit of these branches from the principal. President Rosecrans, a brother of General Rosecrans. The outbreak of the Civil War cut short his collegiate work ; and, joining the army, he served the cause in various capacities. Being severely wounded in Western Virginia, he was confined to hospital and sick-room for several months. When con- valescent, he visited an exhibition of oil paintings in Cincinnati, which impressed him with a strong desire to become a professional artist. Accord- ingly, he came East, and began his studies and practice in New York. Shortly after he removed to Boston, and there engaged in drawing on stone under Professor Richardson. He was soon, how- ever, compelled to abandon this work on account of trouble with his eyes. Then he entered a mer- cantile enterprise ; but for business he had neither training nor fancy, and, when this proved profit- less, he returned to art and took up his palette. His elTorts were mainly directed to pastels and oil painting, in which he did good work. In 1873 he went abroad for study and observation in the foreign art centres. He first travelled through England, Holland, Switzerland, Germany, Austria. Italy, and Krance : then spent si.\ months in Munich, studying landscape and figure drawing : and, after a three months' sketching tour in Ven- ice, settled down in Paris, entering Pionnat's studio. He remained there three winters, study- ing the figure and landscape painting under Dau- bigny, meanwhile spending much time in the galleries, studying the masters. Returning to America in 1876, he opened a studio in Boston, and took up his residence in Hyde I'ark, which has since been his home. In the spring of 1878 he made his first important exhibition on a large scale, showing a hundred canvases, which estab- JOHN J. ENNEKING. lished his reputation. The entire collection was sold at auction, bringing five thousand dollars, the highest price being received for a cattle piece. The following summer he again went abroad ; and, after visiting the Paris Exposition, spent three months in Holland, stud_\ing the Dutch mas- ters in its famous galleries. Since 1880 he has been regularly represented in all the important ex- hibitions of the art seasons in Boston, New \ork, and Philadelphia; and he has received several gold and silver medal awards. His works are in many of the best collections in the country. Mr. Enneking was chairman of the art advisory com- mittee of the Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 754 MLN OF PROGRESS. 1893 and (if the art jury of New England. He has been prominently connected with movements for the preservation of beautiful places, and is now chairman of the Park Commission of Hyde I'ark. He is a member of the Boston Art and the Paint and Clay clubs. He was married in 1864 to Miss Mary E. Elliott, of Corinna, Me. They have five children : John Joseph, Florence May, Mary Emily, Gracie Clara, and Joseph Elliott Enneking. ESTES, AuRAM SioRV Newei.l. civil and hydraulic engineer, was born in Fall River, April A. S. N ESTES, 25, 1867, son of 'I'lionias G. and Josephine E. (Newell) , F^tes. He is of ancient lineage, the line of ancestry being traced back to the early house of Este, town of Este, province of Padua, Italy. He was educated in the public schools of Fall River and at the Friends' Hoarding School of Providence, R.I. Then he took a special scientific course at lirown University, finishing in i88g. He had, however, become acquainted with scientific studies at a much earlier period, having in his youth been tutored in various scientific directions by his father, who was a man of decidedly scientific attainments. He had also studied with a class, composed mostly of civil and mechanical engineers, the higher branches of geometry, trigonometry, and electricity. After spending some time in the employ of various firms, he began professional work on his own ac- count in 1890, and since that time has had a varied experience in almost every line of his pro- fession. Being established as he is in the Sears Building, in the very heart of the business section of Boston, he is in a position to attend promptly to any line of his business within a radius of one hundred miles from the city, and has extended his operations into all the New England States. Having always held in view the maxim that, "if a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well," he has worked into a line of business which requires great accuracy. He has computed and adopted a table of expansion and contraction for a correction of steel tapes for changes in temperature which has proved to be of much value in his work. He is constantly on the lookout for new methods which may be of advantage over the old ones, and is quick to investigate all that appear, to ascertain their true value. Mr. Estes is a member of the Boston Society for Civil Engineers. He resides in Newton. FAXON, William Otis, M.D., of Stoughton, is a native of Stoughton, born October 24, 1853, son of Ebenezer R. and Harriet Newell (Hoit) Faxon. He is in the ninth generation from Thomas Faxon, an early settler in New England, in 1632, the line running: Thomas,' Richard, - Thomas,'' Richard,' James,'^ Nathaniel," Nathaniel," Ebenezer,^ William O.'' His mother was of New Hampshire, daughter of Benjamin and Jane (Burnham) Hoit, of Moultonborough. He was educated in the public schools of his native town, and fitted for his profession at the Boston I'^niver- sitv School of Medicine, graduating in 1876. He began practice immediately after graduation, in South Hraintree, and continued there until Janu- ary, 1 88 1, wiien he returned to Stoughton, which has since been his field of successful work. In 1894 he was appointed medical examiner for the Fifth Norfolk District. He is a member of the Massachusetts Surgical Society of Boston and of the Commercial Club of Brockton. He has taken quite an interest in Masonry, having taken all the degrees as far as Knight Templar: and he is also a member of the order of Odd Fellows. In politics he is a Republican, and has been asked several times by his party associates to allow his MEN OF PROGRESS. 755 name to be used as a candidate for otfice ; but on account of demands of his profession he has been obliired to decline. Dr. Faxon was married lulv WILLIAM O, FAXON. lo, 1S78, to Miss Susan Reed \\"ales, of Stough- ton. They have had two children : Nathaniel W. (now fifteen years of age) and \\'illiam Reed Faxon (died in infancy). School, of which Thomas Sherwin was then mas- ter, and winning at different times two I'Vanklin medals. After graduation from school he entered the importing house of Thomas & Edward Motley on India Wharf, and remained there until the dis- solution of that firm. In 1841 he became a mem- ber of the firm of Wetherell, Whitney, Cl- Co., dry- goods jobbers, and continued in that business for many years, under various firm organizations, forming in 1844 the firm of Whitney, Fcnno, & Co., in i860 that of Fenno, Foster, &: Badger, and in 1862 Fenno & Jones. In 1864 he formed the firm of Fenno & Childs, general commission mer- chants, and in i868 engaged exclusively in the wool business as the head of the firm of F'enno, Abbott, & Co. Six 3'ears later this firm was changed to F'enno, Son, & Co., and so continued until 1879, when he entirely retired from active business. Mr. Fenno never would accept public office, although alw-ays deeply interested in the various political events of his time. He was first an ardent Whig, and afterward a consistent Re- publican. He was for many years a vestryman of Trinitv Church, and a member of the Bostonian FENNO, John Brooks, of Boston, wool mer- chant, was born in Boston March 3, 18:6, son of John and Temperance (Harding) Fenno; died February 14, 1894. He was descended from I'.phraim and Elizabeth Fenno, who were settled in Boston some time during the latter part of the seventeenth century. Their son John married Hannah Capen, of Charlestown, in 1730, and died in Boston in 1790. Among other children John and Hannah had a son Samuel, born in 1745, married Hannah Hiller, of Salem, in 1767, died in 1806. Among the children of Sanuiel and Hannah was John, born in 1779, married Temperance Harding in June, 18 13, and died 1820. This John was the father of jt)hn Brooks lenno. Mr. Fenno was educated in the Boston public schools, graduating from the English High J, B. FENNO. Society, of the Massachusetts Horticultural Soci- ety, the Historical Society, the Natural History Society, and the Church Missionary Society. He 756 MEN OF PROGRESS. was married August 6, 1844, to Sarah Elizabeth Smith, daughter of Richard Smith of Smithtown, Long Island, N.Y. Their children were : Edward Nicoll, Florence Harding, Lawrence Carteret, and John Brooks, Jr. FLOOD, Thomas William, of Boston, member of the Board of Aldermen for the South Boston District, is a native of Ireland, born in Lough- brown, County Kildare, November 7, 1857, son of \\'illiam and Theresa (Flannigan) Flood. Being obliged to work from early boyhood, his THOMAS W. FLOOD. opportunities for an education were limited ; and all the schooling he was able to obtain consisted of two and a half years in the country school of his native place and two years more at the New- bridge National School. His working days began when he was seven years of age, and have con- tinued ever since. He came to America in Octo- ber, 1869, and went to live in Brooklyn, N.Y., where he remained until May, 1870, during which time he worked in the Loomis saw-mill. He arrived in Boston May 31, 1870, and on June i went to work for Thomas Johnson, grocer and provision dealer in South Boston. He continued there until August, 1884, when he was appointed clerk in the street department of Boston by Michael Meehan. The last year in that depart- ment he was chief clerk. He was removed April 5, 1889, by J. Edwin Jones, under Mayor Hart's administration. He was connected with the grocery and provision business for fourteen years ; and this, in his judgment, was the best training he received for successful business life. His political career began in 1883, when he aspired to a position on the Democratic ward committee of Ward Fourteen. He was defeated that year, but the next was successful ; and he was made chairman of the committee. This was the triumphant Democratic year, when Grover Cleveland was first elected to the Presidency. Mr. Flood has remained on the committee most of the time since, — its most influential member. He was first elected to the Boston Board of Alder- men in the December election of 1889, and was re-elected in 1890, 1891, and 1892. Failing of the Democratic nomination in 1893, he ran inde- pendently as a Citizens' candidate, and polled 22,315 votes, being defeated by 3,500 votes. In 1894 he received the almost unanimous Demo- cratic nomination, lacking but seven votes ; and on election day polled 30,700 votes, the highest received by any Democrat on the ticket. Al- though a Democrat, he has independent proclivi- ties, and is naturally liberal, not radical. In the aldermanic board he has served on some of the most important committees, and has been a leader on his party's side of the chamber. Mr. Flood is a prominent member of numerous societies and clubs. He is a past dictator of the City Point Lodge of Knights of Honor ; past regent of Win- throp Council, Royal Arcanum ; a member of Mount Washington Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen ; member of Division 13, An- cient Order of Hibernians ; of the South Boston Council, Knights of Columbus ; of the Charitable Irish Society of Boston ; a trustee of the City Point Catholic Association, South Boston ; a life member of the Young Men's Catholic Association of Boston College ; a member of the .Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company ; and member of the City Point Athletic Club, the Mosquito Fleet Yacht Club, and the Oak ]?Iuffs Club, Cottage City. He was first married October 20, 1886, to Miss Alice M. McKanna, by whom he had two children : Annie Elizabeth and William Flood (deceased). He married second, February 20, 1895, Miss Catherine G. Gallagher. MEN OF PROGRESS. 757 FOURDRINIER, Chari.es \\ii,i.iam, of ]!os- loii, nianay:cr of the Wheelman^ is a native of lunriaiul. born in Hanlev, StafTorcLsliire, March FR.\NKL1N, .\li!ert Uaknes, of Boston, manufacturer, was born in Ro.xbury (Boston), Jan- uary 28, 1852, son of Benjamin and Clara (Stowell) Franklin. His ancestors were among the first settlers of Southern X'erniont, going there from (iuilford. Conn., and naming their settlement Guilford from their former home. His great-grandparents on both sides were active in the Revolutionary War : one was a captain (David Stowell), and another, Jedediah Darling, was wounded in the battle of Stillwater, N.^'. His grandfather Franklin went back to Connecticut, and, enlisting at New London, served in Connecti- cut. Mr. Franklin was educated in the ISoston public schools, and w as prepared for college at the Ro.xbury Latin School ; but, his health failing from over-study, he was obliged to give up the college course. At the age of seventeen, in June, 1869, he entered the employ of J. J. Walworth & Co., now the \\'alworth Manufacturing Company, and worked four years with tools, learning the trade of a steam-fitter. During the five years ne.xt ensuing he was employed by the same concern in making plans and estimates and in contracting for heating C. W. FOURDRINIER. 24, 1855, son of George Henry and Jane (Har- ding) F'ourdrinier. His ancestry is traced to Henri F'ourdrinier, born at Caen, Normandy, in I :;75, an admiral, and bearing the title of viscount. Henri, a grandson, emigrated to Hol- land in 169S ; and Paul, a great-grandson, in 1693 established the family name in England, .\mong the names of Mr. Fourdrinier's near ancestors is that of Cardinal John Henry Newman. His edu- cation was acquired in a preparatory school at Headington, near O.xford, England. Failure of health cut his studies short, so that he did not enter college. He was trained for a business ca- reer, and some time in 187 1 went into an insur- ance office. He remained in that business, filling various positions of trust, until 1S80, when he took a position with Van Benthuysen, of Albany, and obtained an idea of the practical part of the pub- lishing business. Eight years later, in 1888, he took the management of the Whciiman Company, with which he has since been connected. He is president of the Press Cycle Club, and member of the Boston Bicycle Club, the Boston Camera (.'lub, and the Hull Yacht Club. He is unmarried. ALBERT B. FRANKLIN. apparatus. In the autumn of 1878 he started in business on his own account, beginning in a small way at No. 30 Charleslown Street, Haymarket 758 MEN OF PROGRESS. Square, Boston, with a capital not above $500, $400 of which sum was invested in the right to use a patent boiler for house-warming, which, how- ever, Mr. Franklin within a short time after aban- doned. In February, 1882, he formed a limited partnership with his brother, Benjamin E. Franklin, receiving $5,000 additional capital, which was of great value to him in extending his business. This partnership continued until the first of Janu- ary, 1891, since which time Mr. Franklin has con- ducted the business alone. From the beginning his work has grown yearly, slowly at first, but of late years with marked rapidity. During the busy season he employs about one hundred hands, and his yearly transactions reach a total of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Mr. Franklin has con- structed some of the largest heating and ventilat- ing plants in New England, among the most nota- ble ones being the apparatus in the New State House E.xtension, that in the Asylum for Chronic Insane at Medfield, which comprises twenty-four separate buildings, and plants in a large \ariety of buildings, both public and private, including nu- merous fine residences in other parts of New Eng- land. Mr. Franklin is vice-president of the Mel- rose Young Men's Christian Association, and was chairman of the building committee for the structure just completed for the association at a cost of fifty thousand dollars. He has also been for three years superintendent of the Congrega- tional Sunday-school in Melrose. He is a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, of the Congregational Club, and of the Boston Sunday-school Superintendents' Union. In politics he is a Republican. He was married September 30, 1874, to Miss Helen Frances Jenness, of Roxbury. They have six children ; Lillian, Albert B., Jr., Laurence, Ralph Stowell, Isabelle Emily, and Clara Violet Franklin. FRASER. John Chisholm, M.I)., of East Weymouth, was born in .Vntigonish, N.S., Au- gust 2, 1853, son of John and Mary (Chisholm) Fraser. Both parents were born in the High- lands of Scotland. ( )n the paternal side the an- cestry is traced back to the eleventh century. His mother is a descendant of " the Chisholms of Strathglass," and was born in Beauly, Inverness- shire. He was educated in the common schools of Nova Scotia and at St. Francis Xavier College, Antigonish. Coming to the United States in 1872, he began the study of medicine at the Har- vard Medical School, and, subsequently entering the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in New JOHN C. FRASER. York, graduated from the latter in March, 1876. Inmiediately after graduation he established him- self in East Weymouth, and has been there en- gaged since, his practice early becoming success- ful and steadily increasing in extent. He has been medical examiner for the Fourth District of Norfolk County since 1893; is a justice of the peace, appointed by (iovernor Ames in 1888: and has been a member of the Weymouth School Board for six years. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the South Nor- folk District Medical Society, and of the Medico- Legal Society of Boston, and belongs also to the Scots Charitable Society of Boston, the Boston Caledonian Club, and to social and literary clubs of Weymouth. Dr. Fraser was married July 20, 18S0, to Miss Mary A. Boyle, of East Weymouth. They have five children : Mary C;., .\rchie McKay, Catherine E., Somers, and Irene A. Fraser. FR^X'HETTE, Clement, M.D.. of Leominster, is a native of Canada, born in Montreal, Febru- ary 22, 1868, son of Clement and Anathalie MEN OF PROGRESS. 759 (t'liarliaiul I Trcchctte. Louis Joseph I'apiiKMii, onu of lliu principal leaders in iIk- rehellioii of 1837-3S, of whom a writer has said, "His elo- quence caused us [the French Canadians] to be respected as much as did the sword of les D'Iberville, les Montcalm, and les Salaberry," was his great-uncle. He is also related to Louis H. Fre'chette, Canadian national poet, whose works have been crowned by the French Acad- emy. His education was obtained at the Mon- treal College, Montreal, under the direction of the .Sulpiciens ; and he was graduated in medicine from the Victoria LTniversity, Montreal, in 1890. After graduation he came to Massachusetts, and practised for about two years in the village of Manchaug. Then, removing to Leominster, he has since been established in that town, in the en- joyment of a steadily growing practice. While living in Montreal, he was secretary of Le Cercle National, and was also a member of Le Club St. 1 )enis, of Le Trappeur, a snow-shoe club, of Le Club National, a political organization for young Liberals, and of L'Institut Me'dical. In Man- chaug he was president of La Socie'te Drama- CLEMENT FRECHETTE. lique. and vice-president of the ^Llnchaug Athletic Club; and in Leominster he is a member of the Leominster Club. He is one of the vice-presi- dents of Le ('lulj Fremont, a Republican State or- ganization in Massachusetts ; and he also belongs to the St. John Haptiste Society. He is an ear- nest Republican, and has been active in politics since 1893, taking- part in every campaign as an effective speaker (in French) on the .stump in many cities and towns. Though French by blood, lie is American in sentiment. I le is an admirer of American institutions ; and he hopes to see his adopted country " the grandest, the richest, and tlie happiest of countries in the world." One of his greatest desires is to see Canada annexed to the United States. He " abhors fanaticism,'" and believes in " freedom of conscience." FRYE, James Nichols, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Con- cord, October 3, 1828, second son of Captain David and Betsy (Joslin) Frye. In him unite strains of blood which have left their mark upon the development of New England-. His genera- tion is the tenth of the name in this country, counting from the John Frye, of Basing, County Hants, England, who sailed from Southampton for America in 1633. His great-grandfather, John Frye, held a captain's commission in the colonial service from 1755 to 1761, and is re- corded as eighth deacon on the roll of the old church at Sutton, Mass. His grandfather, still another John Frye, pushed northward in 1795, moving from Royalston, Mass., to Concord, of which town he was one of the earliest settlers. His father was a prominent man in Concord, and held a commission in the artillery service. Through his mother, Mr. Frye is connected with the old Joslin family of Leominster, Mass.. which counts among its ancestors Sir Ralph Jos- lin, lord mayor of London in 1464. His ma- ternal great-grandfather, whose name he bears, was Captain James Nichols, an early master in the American merchant marine. Mr. Frye's boy- hood was passed upon his father's farm in Con- cord, of which the title to-day stands in his name. Losing his mother in infancy, he found himself, upon the death of his father in 1843, thrown largely upon his own resources. A few years later, having obtained what education could be had from the common schools of that day, lie en- tered the well-known academy at St. Johnsbur)-, in whose catalogue of alumni he is registered with the class of 1849. I'erhaps, however, the self-re- 760 MEN OP' PROGRESS. liance developed by the circumstances of his early life has stood him in better stead than any other part of his education. While studying at St. Johnsbury, he held a position in the post-office at that place ; and it was through acquaintances thus formed that the opportunity was offered him to enter the employ of Montgomery Newell, at that time in the wholesale hardware trade at No. 83 State Street, Boston. Mr. Frye gladly took advantage of this opportunity, and at once left Vermont for the scene of his new labors. He arrived in Boston on the forenoon of April 17, 1849. One o'clock of the afternoon of tliat day JAMES N. FRYE. found him energetically occupied in mastering the details of his unaccustomed calling. His entry upon his business career was characteristic of his determination to succeed in his undertaking; and, by making his employer's interests his own, he won his way forward, step by step, until within five years from the day he left Vermont he reaped tiie reward of his unremitting attention to dut)' by being admitted to partnership in the concern for which he had so faithfully labored. Few firms in the business world of to-day can lay claim to an uninterrupted existence of fourscore years ; but one of these few is that of Frye, Phipps, & Co. The original concern, under the style of Mont- gomer)' Newell, was in business for over a third of a century. It was followed by the firm of Wells, Coverly, & Co. (1853); Coverly, Frye, & Co. (1855): Coverly, Frye, & Knapp (1858); Coverly, Frye, & Co. from i860 to 1864, during the latter three years of which period Mr. Frye was sole member of the concern : Frye, Phipps, & Co. during the thirty-one years from 1864 until the present time (1895). From the earliest days of the century until now this old concern has en- joyed an unbroken reputation for integrity, and after the business trials of so many decades it still stands well to the front among its younger rivals in the trade. Even the "great fire" of 1872, in which the granite store of the concern, then on Federal Street, literally melted out of view, proved only a temporary check to the course of the firm's affairs : for in twenty-four hours it was re-estab- lished in new quarters, undaunted by its misfort- une. Mr. I'rye is an active member of the New England Iron and Hardware Association, and is delegate from that body to the Massachusetts .State Board of Trade. In the latter organization he holds the position of vice-president and mem- ber of the executive council. Still claiming kin- ship with Vermonters, he was instrumental in forming the Vermont Association of Boston, of whicli he is vice-president. He has always been devotedly fond of rod and gun. In 1875 he was among those who established the now famous Massachusetts Rifle Association, of which he was later elected president, and in which he now holds the office of honorary life director. He has also been connected with the old Tremont Sportsman's Club and with the Megantic Club, though he has given up his membership in the latter, and now is enrolled in the Winchester Club, whose game pre- serves lie near Caxton, Canada. He has hunted and fished for years past in the Adirondack, Rangeley, and Moosehead regions, and knows by heart every haunt of shore birds along the Massa- chusetts coast. He has been an unswerving ad- herent to the Republican party since its organiza- tion, but has never sought office, although main- taining an active interest in national and local politics. Mr. Frye was married January i, 1854, to Miss Sabina T. Bacheler, daughter of the Rev. Origen and Charlotte (Thompson) Bacheler. He has had three children : Charlotte M., Alice M., and James A. Frye. Of these the first is de- ceased. The two last-named are married, and reside in Boston. MKN of I'KOGRESS. 761 GALLISON, Jefferson Gushing, M.I)., of Franklin, is a native of Maine, born in Sebec, August Z bridge, Dec. 21, 1854, son of Henry Yend and Mary Spofford (^ Bailey) Gilson. He is a descend- ant of Joseph Gilson, one of the original proprie- tors of Groton. He was educated in the public schools of Somer\ille. He left the High School at seventeen years of age to learn music-printing, becoming apprenticed to Andrew B. Kidder, then the leading music-printer in Boston. In 1877 he went into the book-printing office of Rand, Avery, iS; Co., to obtain a wider knowledge of the general printing busine.ss. This acquired, in 1878 he started into business on his own account, witli a fellow-workman as a partner, each putting in fi\e F. H. GILSON. hundred dollars, with which capital a small music type-setting plant was purchased. Within the first year the partner withdrew, taking for his interest Mr. Gilson's note ; and the latter de- veloped the business alone. The field for music type-setting was limited, and the competition sharp; and during the second year Mr. Gilson and five employees were sufficient to care for all the work that came to the modest establishment. But, as a result of careful attention to every detail and persistency, the business advanced ; and at the end of five years it had doubled. From 1884 to 1888 some publishing was done, including several school music books and a periodical, the Sc/nwl Musk Journal, which Mr. (Jilson also edited. Then, finding that his publishing created some feeling among his competitors, who were also his customers for printing, he sold his catalogue to Oliver Ditson & Co., and again confined his work to printing alone. In 1888 a fire near by destroyed a large part of his plant, whereupon he purchased that of C. M. Gay, his strongest competitor; and, when his plant was reconstructed, the two were brought together under one roof, [n 1889, secur- ing a large contract for press-work and binding, he bought out the establishment of Carter & Wes- ton, printers and book-binders, including nine large power presses and a large amount of book- binding machinery. With these additions he was enabled to handle anything in the line of printing or binding. In 1891 he added music engraving and lithographing, making five distinct depart- ments in the establishment, — music type-setting, printing from electrotype plates, music engrav- ing, lithographing, and book-binding departments. From five employees in 1879 the regular force has increased to one hundred and thirty to-day. In 1 89 1 the business was incorporated under the name of the F. H. Gilson Company, with Mr. Gil- son as president and manager. Mr. Gilson is a member of the New England Lithographers' Asso- ciation, of the Master Printers" Club of Boston, of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, of the Metaphysical Club, the Home Market Club, and the Wellesley Club of Wellesley (a director of the latter). In religious faith he is a Unitarian, mem- ber of the standing committee of the Unitarian so- ciety of Wellesley Hills, where he resides ; and in politics, a Republican. He has been much inter- ested and active in town improvements. His fa- vorite relaxation from business is in the study of nature, particularly botany. He was married Sept. 23, 1874, to Miss Emily Isabel Lowry, of Nashville, Tenn. They have five children : Beatrice Azalea, Claude ITlnuis, Isabel Clethra, Alden Pinus. and .\nna Rhodora Gilson. GLASIER, Alfred Adolphu.s, of Boston, con- cerned in electric street railway and municipal lighting companies, was born in Boston, Decem- ber 24, 1857, son of Henry Swanton and Anne (Smith) Glasier. His father was a native of Bath, Me., and his grandfather, Joseph Glasier, and great-grandfather, were al.so born in Maine. The latter's parents came from England. He was edu- ■64 MEN OF PROGRESS. calL-d in Ihe public schools of Boston. He began business life at the age of fifteen, in July, 1873, in the Boston oiifice of the president of the Atchi- son, Topeka, & Santa Fe Railroad, and was con- nected with that company for seventeen years, some time as secretary to the late Thomas Nicker- son, president, and during the latter part of his service as its transfer agent. Resigning this posi- tion, he became connected with the Thomson- Houston Electric Company, and devoted himself chiefly to the development of electric street rail- way and illuminating properties. After four years' association with the Thomson-Houston company he withdrew, in order to gi\e his attention more closely to various companies organized by himself. He first organized a company to purchase the old horse-car line in Brockton, his object being to con- vert it into an electric railway and to demonstrate the feasibility of successfully building, operating, and profitably maintaining interurban lines of electric railways. Thereupon electric railways were built connecting Brockton with Whitman, Randolph, Holbrook, and Stoughton, one of the first enterprises of its kind undertaken. He then rence and Haverhill were purchased; and the in- corporation of the present Lowell, Lawrence, & Haverhill Street Railway Company followed, — a company w'hich now successfully operates sixty miles of track and has a capitalization of $2,850,- 000. Mr. Glasier was also connected with the formation of The Electric Corporation, which had originally a subscribed capital of five millions, and is at present a member of its executive com- mittee. He is now a director in over twenty dilTerent companies, principally street railway companies and companies engaged in municipal lighting ; is president of the Edison Illuminating Company of Brockton ; vice-president of the Maryland Electric Company of 15altimore, Md. ; and treasurer of the Industrial Improvement Com- pany of Boston. In politics he is a Democrat, and an active member of the Young Men's Demo- cratic Club of Massachusetts. He is a member of the Country, Algonquin, Athletic, Exchange, New York, Reform of New York, Hull Yacht, Ti- honet. New England, and Megantic clubs, and of the Bostonian Society. Mr. Glasier was married November 24, 1880, to Miss Mary Agnes Wheeler, of Boston. They have five children : Alfred Warren, Adelaide Mary, Charlotte Anne, Arthur Franklin, and Agnes Glasier. GORDON, John Alexander, M.D., of Quincy, is a native of Prince Edward Island, born in New Perth, May 30, 1843, son of James and Betsey (Stewart) Gordon. His grandfather, Donald Gor- don, emigrated with wife and four children — Bell, Henry, James, and Donald — from Perthshire, Scotland, to Prince Edward Island in 1803, when James was three years old, and settled as a pio- neer farmer at Brudnell River. His mother, daughter of James and Margaret (Walker) Stew- art, was also of Perthshire, Scotland, — born there, and emigrated to I^ruckley Point, Prince Edward Island, in 18 19. John Alexander was educated in the public schools and at the Prince of Wales College, Prince Edward Island. Coming to Bos- ton, he entered the Harvard Medical School in 1866. In 1870-71 he was resident house physi- cian (medical interne) at the Boston City Hos- pital. He graduated with his degree of M.I), in March, 187 1 ; and the following July, settling in conceived the plan of connecting the cities of Quincy, entered at once upon an active prac- Lowell, Lawrence, and Haverhill with an electric tice. From 1872 to 1877 he was town physician; railway. Accordingly, the horse-car lines in Law- from 1S84 to 1S89 chairman of the Board of ALFRED A. GLASIER. MEN OK PROGRESS. 765 Health of ()uincy ; and since 1890 he has been a trustee, chairman of the executive board, con- sulting; physician, and member of the medical and HALL, BoARDMAX, of IJoston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Maine, born in lianjjor, April 18, 1856. His father, Colonel Joseph F. Hall, was an early friend of Nathaniel Hawthorne. His mother, Mary M. (Farrow) Hall, was the only daughter of Captain Josiah Farrow, a well-known ship-master of ]5elfast, Me. Ancestors on both sides served in the War of the Revolution and the War of 18 1 2. He attended the public schools, and titled for college at Westbrook Seminary and at Dr. Hanson's Classical Listitute, Waterville. Siihse(piently he studied at Colby Lfniversily and at the Boston Uni\ersity Law School, taking his degree of LL.l!. in the latter institution in 1880. He was appointed faculty orator for his class. Previous to attending the law school, Mr. Hall read law with ths Hon. William H. McClellan, one of Maine's ablest lawyers and formerly attorney-general. He began practice in 1880, and established an office in Boston. In 1887 he was appointed assistant L'nited States attorney for the district of Massachusetts, and disciiarged the duties of that office with marked ability until his retirement to re-enter private practice in i8go. JOHN A. GORDON. surgical staff of the City Hospital of Quincy, in the establishment of which (in 1890) he took active part. He is also medical examiner for (Quincy of a number of life insurance companies. He is a fellow of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety and a member of the .-Vmerican Medical .Association. Outside of his professional work Dr. Gordon has for some years been much inter- ested in the development of water-works. He promoted and assisted in establishing the Quincy Water Works in 1883 ; and he has been president of the Quincy Water Company since 1889. He is also president of the Sharon and Marblehead Water Companies, lie has served on the (,)uincy School lioard for ten 3'ears, from 1884 to 1894. He is a director of the Young Men's Christian As- sociation, and active in its interests. He Ijelongs to the Masonic order, a member of the Rural Lodge and the Royal .Arch Chapter; and his club affilia- tions are with the Granite City and the (Quincy yacht clubs, the Megantic Fish and Game Associ- ation, and the Boston City Hospital Club. In politics he has always been a Republican, but has never held political office. He is unmarried. BOARDMAN HALL. He was a member of the Boston School Board from 18S5 to 1888. In 1892 he was nominated on the Democratic State ticket for auditor, and 766 MEN OF PROGRESS. polled an exceptional vote, running next to the candidates for governor and lieutenant governor by a long lead over the rest of the ticket. In 1893 he was elected to the Boston Board of Alder- men, and served on many of the important com- mittees, gaining the approval of well-meaning citizens by his course in the conduct of city affairs and the indorsement of the entire press, irrespec- tive of party. In the practice of law Mr. Hall has been eminently successful, ranking high in the profession. As the attorney for the government, he appeared for the United States in many im- portant cases ; and. after leaving the United States attorney's office, he was called in as counsel in many important trials. Of late he has confined his practice largely to acting as counsel for corpo- rations. ^^'hile he was in the law school, he was correspondent for several Western papers, and from time to time has written as author or editor on legal subjects. Mr. Hall is a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston, of several college societies, and of many social organizations. In 1895 he was chosen president of the Citizens' Municipal Union, and has been interested in questions relating to mu- nicipal growth and development. Mr. Hall was married in 1892 to Miss Mary E. Hamlin, a relative of the late Vice-President Hamlin, a sister of Professor George H. Hamlin of the Maine State College, and a cousin of Professor Charles Hamlin of Harvard University. Mr. and Mrs. Hall reside on Pleasant Street in the Dor- chester District, Boston. HAMILTON, Rev. Benj.\min Franklin, of Boston, pastor of the Eliot Congregational Church. Roxbury District, was born in Chester, Hampden County, No\ember 4. 1835, son of John and Sarah (Burton) Hamilton. He is of Scotch de- scent on the paternal side, and English on the maternal side. Representatives of his branch of the Hamilton family moved from Scotland to Lon- donderry, Ireland, whence John Hamilton, his great-great-grandfather, emigrated in 1734 with his wife and three children to \\'orcester, Mass. John's grandson, grandfather of Dr. Hamilton, was one of the first settlers in Chester, where he cultivated a large farm and held positions of trust in the town. He was an officer in the Continen- tal army for four years, at one time stationed at the first fort in Ro.\bury, on the site of which Dr. Hamilton's house now stands. His son John, Dr. Hamilton's father, after a few years of mer- cantile life, purchased the homestead, and there reared a family of nine children, giving all a good education. Three of them became clergymen, and he himself was prominent in church as well as in town aiTairs. Dr. Hamilton was educated in the common schools of his native town, at W'il- liston Seminary, Easthampton, and at Amherst College, graduating in 1861. While a student, he taught school for five terms. The next three years after graduation from college he studied at .■\ndover Theological Seminary, graduating there- from in 1864. Subsequently he spent one year in travel and study abroad. His first settlement was in North Andover, being ordained and in- stalled pastor of the Evangelical Congregational Church June 29, 1865. He continued in that office until September, 187 1, when he was called to the Eliot Congregational Church of Roxbury, Boston, his present charge. His ministry here of nearly twenty-four years has covered a larger period than that of any other Congregational pas- tor, with one exception, now serving in the city. B. F. HAMILTON. He was president of the Ewangelical Alliance of Boston and vicinity in 1893, and is now scribe of the Massachusetts Convention of Congregational MEN OF PROGRESS. 767 Ministers. He is also an officer in five of the benevolent societies of the Congregational denom- ination. During the Civil \\'ar he served as field agent of the Christian Commission, and as acting post chaplain at Camp Parole, Annapolis, Md., in 1863. While residing in North Andover, he was a member of the School Committee for five years, 1867-71. He was chosen to preach the "Elec- tion Sermon '' before the executive and legislative departments of the State government on January 3, 1877, which sermon on "God in Government," together with others entitled " A Century of Na- tional Life," "Christian Motherhood," and on other topics, has been published in book form. The honorary degree of D.D. was conferred upon him by Amherst College in 1886. He is a mem- ber of the Boston Congregational Club, of the I'ilgrini Association, and of the Suffolk South Ministerial Association. In politics he is a Re- publican. Dr. Hamilton was married June 21, 1876, to Miss Angenette F. Tinkham, of Boston. Their children are : Florence B., Franklin T., and Burton E. Hamilton. prominent in the Masonic order, being a member of Doric Lodge, Houghton Royal Arch Chajiter, and I'rinity Commandery, Knights Templar, of HARRIMAN, Jamks Lang, M.D., of Hudson, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Peacham, May 11, 1833, son of Moses and Mar- garet (Lang) Harriman. He was educated in the common schools, and at the well-known acad- emies, the Kimball Union of Meriden, N.H., and the Phillips (E.xeter). His medical studies were begun in Woodstock, \'t., and at Albany, N.Y., and were completed at the Bowdoin Medical Col- lege, where he was graduated in 1857. He first practised in Littleton, N.H., establishing himself in that town immediately after his graduation, and continued there till 1862, when he joined the army in the Civil War, becoming assistant sur- geon of the Thirteenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. He remained in the service through 1862-63. After the war he settled in Hudson, and has practised there steadily from 1865 to the present time. He has always taken an active part in town affairs, and in both Littleton and Hudson has served on the School Board, in the former for four years, in the latter for twenty- seven years, and still a member. He has been chairman of the board for a long period. In 1870 he represented his town in the General Court. In politics he is a Democrat. He is a member of the Hudson P.oard of Trade. He is J. L. HARRIMAN. which latter he was commander three years : and he has been connected with the Grand .\rmy of the Republic from its inception. Dr. Harriman was married first, November 19, 1859, to Miss Mary E. Cushman, of Dalton, X.H. She died September 12, 1890. He married second, Janu- ary 30, 1893, Mrs. Emma P. (Mentzer) Morse. HARRIS. Francis Aucistinf., ^LD.. of Bos- ton, was born in Ashland. March 5, 1845, son of Dr. Jonas C. and Maria (Ingalls) Harris. He was educated in the public schools of West Cam- bridge (now Arlington), at the Boston Latin School, where he fitted for college, and at Harvard, graduating in the class of 1866, having as class- mates Moorfield Storey, now a leading member of the Suffolk bar ; Dr. Charles Brigham, of San Francisco, who distinguished himself in the I-'ranco- Prussian War; William Blaikie, the athlete; and Henry Rolfe, head of the Masonic order of the State of Nevada. For the first three years after his graduation, 1867-68-69, he was master in the Boston Latin School. Then he entered the Har- 768 MEN OF PROGRESS. vard Medical School, and graduated there in 1872, meanwhile having spent a year in the Massachu- setts General Hospital as surgical interne. After medical and general press ; and he is the author of several successful plays, among them " Chums " and "My Son," the latter affording the late Will- iam Warren one of his most famous parts, that of " Herr Weigel," and having a brilliant run at the Boston Museum. Dr. Harris was first married October 15, 1874, to Miss Alice Gage, of Mobile, Ala. He married second. June 20, 1890, Miss Helen Leonard, of Boston. HARTWELL. Benjamin H., M.I)., of Ayer, was born in the town of Acton, Middlesex County, February 27, 1845, ^'J" of Benjamin F. and F.nima (Whitman) Hartwell. His education was obtained in the public schools and at the Lawrence Acad- emy, Groton ; and he studied for his profes- sion at the Jefferson Medical College, Philadel- phia, where he was graduated in 1868. Settling in Ayer, he has been in active practice there from that time. From 187 1 to 1S77 he was coroner, and has been one of the medical examiners of Middlesex County since the latter date. He was for three years in the medical department of the FRANCIS A. HARRIS. three months' practice he went abroad, and spent a year in the study of medicine and surgery at the University of Vienna. Upon his return he re- sumed practice in Boston, and has continued here since, with the exception of occasional visits to Europe. He has been medical examiner for Suf- folk County since the creation of the office in 1877. F'rom 1882 to 1890 he was professor of surgery in the Boston Dental College, and from 1880 to 189 1 demonstrator of medico-legal exami- nations in the Harvard Medical School. His ser- vices as medico-legal expert have been required in very many cases, notably the Marston murder trial at Denver, the trial of the Malley boys at New Haven, and the trial of Trefethen for the murder of Miss Davis, and the Barrett trial, both in Middlesex. He is a member of the Massachu- setts Medical Society; has been a member of the Papyrus (president in 1881), of the St. Botolph, Algonquin, Athletic, Tavern, LIniversity, Boston, and Thursday Medical clubs ; and is now of the Papyrus, the St. Botolph, and the University only. Dr. Harris has written a number of notable medi- cal reports and been a frequent contributor to the \ ■0 / BENJ. H. HARTWELL. Massachusetts militia, on the staff of Colonel J. W. Kimball, Tenth Regiment. Since :875 he has served as United States pension e.xaminer. MEN OF PROGRESS. 769 He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical was business manager of the paper. He remained Society, vice-president of the Massachusetts Med- in Kansas City with the T/mes until 189 1, when he ico-Legal Society, and member of the Middle- was called to New York to become publisher of sex Club. Dr. Hartwell is also connected with banking interests, being a director of the First National Bank of Ayer and president of the North Middlesex Savings Bank. He represented his district in the Massachusetts Legislature of 1 888. serving during his term on the committee on linance and expenditures. He has always taken an active interest in all matters affecting his town ; is now chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Ayer Public Library, and has served many years as chairman of the School Board, on the Board of Health, and in other offices. In politics he is a Republican. He is one of the trustees of Law- rence Academy, Croton. Dr. Hartwell was mar- ried September 10, 1879, to Helen K., daughter of Major E. S. Clarke, of the Twenty-sixth Massachu- setts Regiment, killed at Winchester, Va.. in 1864. HASBROOK, Colonel Charles Electus, of Boston, editor and manager of the TraTcIcr. is a native of Illinois, born in Galesburg, June 15, 1847, son of Edward D. and Harriet Jane (Ellis) Hasbrook. His father is a native of Putnam Comity, New York, and his mother of Kentucky. He received his early education in the schools of his native town : and this was supplemented by a course at Lombard University, Galesburg, from which he received the regular degree upon graduation and the addition of A.M. shortly after. Inclining toward the law, he took up that study at the School of Chicago LTniversity, receiv- ing his degree of LL.B. in 1871. He was ad- mitted to the bar almost immediately, and began to practise. But, as in the case of hundreds of others, the great Chicago fire made a complete change in his plans ; and he was compelled to lea\e the legal path he had marked out for himself. His impulses turning to journalism, he entered that profession ; and the ease with which his mind turned into this new channel showed that the jour- nalistic instinct was present from the first. He Ijegan as a reporter on the Chicago Intcr-Ocean in 1S71, and soon after joined the staff of the Times, where he had a few years of valuable experience under the direction of Wilbur F. Story. In 1874 lie became city editor of the Kansas City Times, his first opportunity to prove his own mettle : and his success was such that in four years' time he CHARLES E. HASBROOK. the Coinmcnitil A(harrington from 1866 to 1878, and was recognized by the secretary of the Stale Board of Education, Joseph White, as an efficient ])romoter of the welfare of the schools in that place. During his term of membership the ordinary mixed schools kept for two terms in the year, at a cost of Sj^.ooo jier HERBERT C. JOYNER. annum, gave way to a system of graded schools, and to the establishment of a High School, for which a new and commodious building was ySo MEN OF PROGRESS. erected. The present advanced condition of the schools in this town is largely due to suggestions and arguments contained in the school reports of which he was the author, followed up by his earnest and unremitting efforts. He has served also for many years as an overseer of the poor, and in this capacity has been able to induce the town to adopt wise and benevolent methods of caring for the suffering and needy. In 1869, 1S70, and 1883 he served in the House of Repre- sentatives, and in 1884, 1S85, and 1886 in the Senate. W'hile serving as senator, he was chair- man of the committee to investigate the sale by the governor and council of the New York & New England bonds. The investigation was based on a petition of Cyrus W. Field; and during its prog- ress questions of law were raised by eminent counsel, among whom were David Dudley Field, Sidney Bartlett, William Gaston, and Edgar I. Sherman, the rulings upon which by Mr. Joyner exhibited a legal knowledge and its prompt dis- play which attracted general notice. In 1886 he was the Democratic candidate for Congress from the then Twelfth District, and came nearer to an election than an)' defeated Democratic candidate had ever come before. He is a Freemason, and has been a member of the Cincinnati Lodge of Great Harrington since 1869, for si.x years its secretary. He was a charter member of the first post of the Grand Army of the Republic (organ- ized in Great Barrington in 1869), and was its commander from 1870 to 1875. ^^- Joyner was married at Norton, January 5, 1885, to Miss Mary E. Wild, daughter of George W. and Elizabeth K. (Tucker) \\'ild. They have five children. His office and home are in Great Barrington. KELLY, Edward Albert, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar. is a native of Maine, born in that part of Frankfort which is now Winterport, May 30, 1831, son of Albert Livingston and Car- oline (Peirce) Kelly. He is a descendant of John Kelly, probably of Newbury, England, supposed to have belonged to a branch of the Devonshire family, which either derived its name from the dis- trict of " Kelly " in that county or gave its name to the district, who settled in Newbury, Mass., in 1635. John Kelly received a grant of land in Newbury in 1639, and died there December 28, 1644. His son, John, born July 2, 1642, married first, in 1664, Sarah Knight, and second, 17 16, Lydia Ames, of Bradford, and died in what is now West Newbury, March 21, 17 18. His son, John, was born in West Newbury, June 17, 1668, married Elizabeth Emery, November 16, 1696, and died in West Newbury, November 29, 1735, leaving a handsome estate. His son, John, tiie fourth of the name, was born in West Newbury, October 9, 1697, married December 31, 1723, Hannah Somers, of Gloucester, removed to Atkin- son, N.H., and there died April 27, 1783. His son, Moses, born in West Newbury, March 15, 1739, married November 10, 1757, Lydia Sawyer, daughter of Dr. William and Lydia (Webster) Sawyer, the latter daughter of Israel Webster, a near relative of the father of Daniel Webster, re- moved to Atkinson, N.H., thence to Goffstown, N.H., and thence to Hopkinton, N.H., where he died August 2, 1826. He commanded the Ninth New Hampshire Regiment of Militia in the Revo- lutionary War, and was high sheriff of Hillsbor- ough County for thirty years. His son, Israel Webster, was born in Goffstown, January 4, 1778, married about 1800 Rebecca Fletcher, daughter of Rev. Elijah Fletcher, of Hopkinton, and sister of Grace Fletcher, the first wife of Daniel Web- ster, was high sheriff of Merrimac County from 18 14 to 1 8 19, marshal of the district of New Hamp!>hire during the administration of Harrison and Tyler, and pension agent under Taylor and Fillmore; removed to Concord in 1841, and died there March 10, 1857. His son, Albert Living- ston, father of Edw-ard A. Kelly, was born in Bristol, August 17, 1802, graduated at Dartmouth in 182 1, married February 18, 1829, Caroline I'eirce, daughter of Waldo Peirce, of Frankfort (brother of Silas Peirce, the founder of the long- time house of Silas Peirce & Co., Boston), studied law in Portland in the office of Stephen Longfel- low, was admitted to the bar in 1825, that year also, at the age of twenty-three, delivered the city oration on the Fourth of July, later the same year was appointed on the recommendation of Mr. Webster agent of the " Ten Proprietors' Tract " in Eastern Maine, owned by David Sears, William Prescott, and Israel Thorndike, of PJoston, there- upon moved to Frankfort, attained there a high rank in his profession, and died August 18, 1885. His brother, Israel Webster Kelly, was a gradu- ate of Dartmouth in 1824, enjoyed a successful legal practice in Frankfort and ISelfast, Me., in 1851 became a member of the Suffolk bar, and died in Henniker, N.H., July 3, 1855. He mar- MEN OF PROGRESS. 781 lied Lucilla S. Peirce. Edward A. Kelly, ihu subject of this sketch, received his preparatory education at the Military School of Lieutenant Whiting in Ellsworth, at Foxcroft Academy, and at North Yarmouth Classical Academy, Maine, and, entering Bowdoin College at the age of fif- teen, remained there until the middle of his junior year. He began the study of law in the office of Cieorge F. Farley, of Groton, Mass., in 185 i, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1853. He there practised in copartnership with Mr. Farley until the latter's death in 1855, and thereafter alone, continuing in Groton until 1861, when he EDWARD A. KELLY. removed to Boston. He held a leading position at the Middlese.x and Suffolk bar, and was en- gaged successfully in a large, general practice, handling many important cases until his retire- ment in 1884. Before his admission to the bar he appeared in court at Worcester as counsel for Pliny H. Babbitt, a deputy sheriff, who had been indicted as accessory before the fact to a burglary in Barre ; and the argument which he made was complimented by John H. Clifford, then attorney- general, who appeared for the Commonwealth, in his address to the court. In 1866 he was counsel for Charles Robinson, ex-governor of Kansas, in an action of contract brought by Joseph Lyman, of Boston, treasurer of the Kansas Land Trust, on a number of promissory notes, the plaintiff being represented by Sidney liartlett and Caleb W. Loring. Trial by jury being waived, the case was argued in the Supreme Court ; and Mr. Kelly obtained a decision in his favor. His argument on this occasion received the compliments of bench and bar. Among other important cases which Mr. Kelly successfully conducted were those of the Massachusetts National ]!ank t. Nathan Matthews, an action of contract brought by Mr. Matthews to recover $25,000 on a forged certili- cate of stock of the Boston \- Albany Railroad, in which he was counsel for the bank, and the Commonwealth 7: the Lancaster Savings Bank, argued before the Supreme Court. The latter case turned on the legality of a tax levied on the bank, under the law authorizing a tax on savings- banks, in May, five months after the bank had been placed in the hands of receivers. Mr. Kelly, as attorney for the bank, advised that the tax was illegal. Attorney-general Train advised that it was legal : hence the suit. The arguments were made before the court at Taunton in Octo- ber, 1877, and the opinion of the court given the following January, sustaining Mr. Kelly's conten- tion, the substance of the decision being that the tax on savings-banks is a tax upon the privilege of transacting business ; and,' consequently, if at the time the tax is to be assessed and is de- clared to accrue the bank has, for the purpose of transacting its business, practically ceased to exist, then no tax is to be exacted. In writing of Mr. Kelly, Mr. Joseph .\. Willard. for so many years the clerk of the Superior Court, character- ized him as a standard lawyer and natural gentle- man. Since his retirement from practice Mr. Kelly has devoted himself to his private affairs and those of others intrusted to his care, and to the pursuit of literature. He was for some time a quite frequent contributor to magazines and newspapers, writing on political, historical, and general subjects. He was an intiniale friend of the late Judge Josiah G. Abbott, Charles R. Train, and Peleg W. Chandler; and while the latter's son, Horace P. Chandler, was editor of the £7rry Other Suturday, he contributed to its columns some notable papers on practical topics, one of which entitled " .\dvice to \'oung Law- yers," recalling an unpublished incident in the first appearance in court of Sergeant S. Prentiss, to illustrate the writer's point of the necessity of 782 MEN OF PROGRESS. exhaustive preparation of a cause for trial and then of absolute self-reliance, attracted special at- tention. During the Hayes-Tilden controversy he published, among other influential newspaper communications, a strong article, which appeared as an editorial leader in the DiiHy Advertiser, under the title of " It is the First Step that costs," and excited much favorable comment. Mr. Kelly is a graceful speaker as well as a fin- ished writer, and is frequently called upon for oc- casional addresses on historical and other topics. On the occasion of the celebration of the seventy- fifth anniversary of the establishment of the old Boston house of Silas Peirce & Co., whose founder, as has been stated, was a brother of the maternal grandfather of Mr. Kelly, his speech, giving sketches of several of the older members of the firm, was the chief feature. Mr. Kelly is a corresponding member of the Maine Historical Society, and was trustee of Lawrence .Academy in Groton, first elected to the latter position in 1855, which he has resigned. He received the honorary degree of A.M. from Bowdoin College. In pc}|itics and other affairs he is a man of inde- pendence in the truest sense of the term, and has always refused to accept public office. It has been said of him that he avoids "the shackles of party, the responsibilities of trusts, any and all entangling alliances liable to interfere with inde- pendent action. The words of Chapman, — ■Who to himself is law no l.iw diith need. Offends no law, and is a king indeed.' are to him specially applicable." He was mar- ried at Groton, November 15, 1854, to Miss Mary Farley, daughter of George Frederick and Lucy (Rice) Farley. KINGSLKN', Chksiek Warh, of Cambridge, merchant, was born in Brighton, now a part of Boston, June 9, 1S24, son of Moses and Marv (Montague) Kingsley. He is of English and French descent. Left fatherless at the age of four years, he was thrown upon his own resources when but ten years old. For the next five years he lived and worked in the then wilds of Mich- igan. Then, returning to his native place, he re- sumed his studies in the common schools, which he had attended for some time before he went West, and went through the High School. Upon leaving school, he learned the carpenter's trade ; but, this not being to his liking, he turned toother fields, and soon found a place as messenger in the old Brighton Bank. He continued in that posi- tion for two years, when he was promoted to a higher place, and subsequently was for three years teller of the bank. At the age of twenty-seven, in 1 85 1, he became cashier of the Cambridge Market Bank, where he remained five years. In 1856 he entered mercantile life, engaging in the wholesale provision business ; and nine prosperous years followed. Retiring in 1865, he became treasurer of an anthracite coal mining company, which position he still holds ; and he was for eight years president of the National Bank of Brighton, the successor of the old Brighton Bank in which he began his business career. Mr. Kingsley has taken a prominent part in municipal affairs in Cambridge, where he has long resided ; and he has served in both branches of the General Court. He has been a member of the Cambridge Board of Aldermen, a member of the School Board, and for twenty-nine years a member of the Water ISoard, president of the latter for many years. His service in the Legislature covered three vears C. W. KINGSLEY. in tlie House of Representatives, 1SS2-S3-S4, and two in the Senate, 1888-89, as senator for the Third Middlesex District. In politics he has MEN OK PROGRESS. 783 liccn ,1 lifuloni; I'rohihiticmi^t and Kcpiihlic.iM, and the inlciosl and pleasure he had taken in his and in religions faith a r.aplist. lie has lon,<,' playing. His first appearances on the concert taken a prominent part in liaptist denominational stage were made in 1873. in lersey ( 'ity ; and his work, and held official positions in inslitntions and societies. He has been president of the Ameri- can liaptist Home Missionary Society, and is now one of the trustees of the Newton Theological In- stitution, of the Colby Lhiix'ersity in Maine, of the Worcester Academy, and of the Massachusetts liaptist State Convention; and he was for some time one of the executive committee of the Amer- ican l!a|3tist Missionary Union, and president of the lioston IJaptist Social Union. He is a mem- ber, also, of the Cambridge and .Massachusetts clubs. Mr. Kingsley was married in Hoston in Mav, 1846, to Miss Mary Jane Todd, daughter of hanicl and Hannah Todd, of lirighton. They lia\c had seven children, four of whom are living: Kill Jane (now Mrs. M. Clinton Bacon), Addie May (Mrs. I). Frank Ellis), Luceba Dorr (Mrs. I'arker F. Soule ). and C. W'illard Kingsley. /^^^^l k KLAHRF^, F.nwiN, of Boston, pianist, is a native of New Jersey, born in the town of Union, Hudson County, May 2, 1866, son of Oscar and Caroline (Leismann) Klahre. He is of German descent, and comes of a musical family. His father is a teacher of the piano, and director of sev- eral Gesang \'ereins of Hudson County, New \'ork. He was educated in public and private school and abroad. Manifesting in childhood a strong musi- cal tendency, he was early given piano lessons by his father, this instruction beginning when he was but live years old. .\t the age of fourteen his progress was so marked that he attracted the at- tention of Rafael Joseffy, and for some time after he studied with that eminent virtuoso. .\t sixteen he went to Stuttgart, and there came under the in- struction of Lebert and Bruckner, taking lessons in harmony from Bercy Goetschius. Afterward, desiring to become familiar with all styles and schools, he studied several months in 1883-84 with the famous Xaver Scharwenka ; and his ad- vancement was so rapid that Scharwenka advised him to go to Franz Liszt at Weimar. Accord- inglv. armed with warm letters of introduction from Scharwenka, he sought Liszt, and became a pupil of that master, liis youngest at that time, from him he also won golden opinions, and upon parting was given a letter in which Liszt ex- pressed his afTection for his talented j'oung pupil, EDWIN KLAHRE. success was complete. Upon his first appearance in New York, in the spring of 1888, the press were unanimous in his praise, noting especially his lightness .and brilliancy of touch and fine display of technique. He has a large repertory, and excels particularly in works of the modern and romantic school. He has played at the New \'ork Lieder- kranz, the .Arion and Brogress societies, besides engaging with the Teresina Tua Concert Com- panv ; and has given occasional concerts in Stein- way and Chickering halls. Since 1890 he has been a graduating teacher in the New England Conservatory of Music. Mr. Klahre was married September, 1890, to Miss Seraphina von Engel- berg. L.ARRABEE, Bf.njamin Fr.vkklin, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Lemington, .\ugust 29, 1841, son of Ezekiel and ^Liry (Davis) Larrabee. His father lived to the age of eighty-two, his grandmother Davis lived to be one hundred years and four months old, and 784 MEN OF PROGRESS. his great-grandmother reached ninety-nine years. His mother died at the age of si.xty-three. His ancestors on the paternal side came from France (French Huguenots), and his maternal ancestors were English, — on both sides early settled in Maine. His education was mainly acquired at the Lemington Academy. After finishing at the academy, he first thought of teaching for a while, but finally decided to go into a country store in- stead. He remained there for a year and a half, and the experiences thus gained were of great ad- vantage to him. For the ne.xt three years he was in a dry-goods store in Biddeford. Me. ; and in B. F. LARRABEE. 1862 he came to Boston, taking a position as travelling salesman with the house of I). C. Gris- wold & Co. Two years later he was admitted to a partnership in the business. Six years later, in 187 1, he organized the firm of ClaHin, Larrabee, & Co. He was principal buyer for the house, and made fourteen trips to Europe in its interest. After a successful and prosperous career of twenty-two years, passing through the great fire of 1872 and sustaining heavy losses, and the panic of 1873, but meeting every payment promptly, and, in fact, discounting every purchase without any outside aid even from its own bank, Mr. Larrabee retired from this firm in January, 1893. In January, 1890, he and his partner, Mr. Clafiin, bought out the retail firm of William H. Zinn, and continued the business under the name of William H. Zinn until July, 1892, when Mr. Larrabee bought out Mr. Claflin's interest. In October of the same year he brought his own name to the front, and from that time the growtli of this long successful business has been something phenom- enal. Mr. Larrabee's eldest brother was a shoe manufacturer, and a partner of Aaron Claflin & Co., New York. He died in 1873. Another brother is Mr. Larrabee of the firm of Wilson Lar- rabee & Co., wholesale dry goods, Boston. His only living sister, Mrs. A. M. Moore, resides in Michigan. She is a lady of literary talent. She has been president of the Woman's State Temper- ance .\lliance, and is reputed to be an excellent public speaker. Mr. Larrabee has no political ambition, and has never held nor sought ofiice. He has been a director of several corporations and institutions in Boston. He is a member of a number of local clubs, and has served at differ- ent times on their boards of management. Mr. Larrabee was first married, in 1867, to Miss Eliz- abeth H. Bosson, of Boston, and by this union were two daughters and one son. Mrs. Larrabee died in 1S81. He married second, in 1887, Miss Lucy C. Ashley, of Bloomington, 111. His resi- dence is in the beautiful suburb of Brookline. L.\WLER, William Patrick, M.D., of Low- ell, is a native of Lowell, born January 26, i860, son of William and Bridget (Egan) La wler. His father was born in County Carlow, Ireland, son of Patrick and Mary (Spencer) La wler, and his mother in King's County, Ireland, daughter of Matthew and Mary (O'Connor) Egan, of the famous Egan family of that county. Koth parents are still living. His father came to this country when a small boy, and has been a resident of Lowell for over forty years. He has always been a hard-working man, and is noted for honesty and constant industry. Dr. Lawler's education was begun in the public schools of Lowell, from which he graduated at the High School in 1877, being one of the graduation day speakers. He then en- tered the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, and graduated there in 1880, .A.B., with the high- est honors of his class, and distinguished as the deliverer of the valedictory address. Two years later the degree of A.M. was conferred upon him MEN OF PROGRESS. 785 l)y his ahiut matiT. Upon his gradiuition from the university he began the study of theology at St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, Md. After nearly two years at that venerable institution his health broke down, owing partly to over-study and partly to constant confinement : and upon recommen- dation of the faculty he gave up all studies for a while. The next year was spent in travel through the Southern States ; and when he returned, with health fully restored, he determined to take up the study of medicine. Accordingly, he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Balti- more, and took the regular course. Graduating WM. P. LAWLER. ill 1886, he was almost immediately (in May) ap- pointed by the Commissioners of Charities and Corrections of New York assistant medical of- ficer of the New York City Insane Asylum on lUackwell's Island, and at the expiration of one year was elected by the same commissioners, on the recommendation of the medical board, house surgeon to the Harlem Hospital at 99th Street and Tenth Avenue, at that time one of the emergency branches of Bellevue Hospital. In May, 1888, Dr. Lawler returned to his native city, and began the regular practice of medicine there. His thor- ough education and his hospital experience in New York were well-known facts in Lowell, so that he soon fell into a large and lucrative business: and his career has been marked by a series of brilliant successes. In 1889 he was appointed a member of the medical staff of the out-patient department of St. John's Hospital, and in 1890 was elected to the regular staft" of that institution. The next year he was appointed by Mayor Fifield city piiy- sician of Lowell and member of the Board of Health, which position he held for three years. In January, 1894, upon the recommendation of Congressman Stevens, he was made pension examining surgeon for his district. Dr. Lawler is a member of the Middlesex North Medical Society, of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and of the Massachusetts State Association of Boards of Health. In 1893, upon the appoint- ment of Mayor Pickman, he attended the Pan- American Medical Congress at Washington as the representative delegate for Lowell. He is a close student and a hard worker, and has profited much from his travels and his varied experiences with many classes of mankind. He is also a public- spirited citizen, and has the confidence of the community in which he lives. He is a prominent member of the Knights of Columbus, of the An- cient Order of Foresters, and of the Ancient Order of Hibernians. In politics he is a stanch Democrat of the old Jeffersonian school. Dr. Lawler was married in July, 1892, to Miss Kath- erine M. Vilwig, of Winchester, Va. They have had one son (deceased) and a daughter: Mary Katharine Lawler (born .\ugust 3, 1895). LICHTENFF.LS, Wii.hki.m Gustav, of Worces- ter, insurance manager, is a native of Ger- many, born in Pforzheim, June 7, 1859, son of Wilhelm Gerhard and Sophie (Merky) Lichtenfels. His family was of Southern Germany, Grand Duchy of Baden. He was educated in private schools in his native place, and at the '-Real Gymnasium" in Pforzheim. He came to the ITnited States at the age of sixteen. He was em- ployed as a book-keeper in different trades up to 1891, when he became manager of the Germania Fire Insurance Company in Worcester, and agent for steamship lines. He is also a director of the Worcester Protective Department. He is a notary public and justice of the peace by appoint- ment of Governor Russell. He is active in politi- cal affairs, serving as treasurer of the Democratic city committee of Worcester, and is prominent in 786 MEN OF PROGRESS. fralern.il organizations, being president of the Frolisinn Society, ex-treasurer of the Turner Society, past regent of the Conquest Council, No. and he thereupon settled in that portion called Marlborough, for many years known as New Marlborough. His son Samuel w-as born in Marl- borough in 1765; and Silas, son of Samuel and father of John Q. A., was also born in Marl- borough in 1796. John Q. A. was educated in common and select schools in his native town ; at academies in Fitzwilliam, Woodstock, Vt., Sax- ton's River. Xt., and Walpole, N.H. : and at Nor- wich University, where he received the degree of .V.B. in 1853 and A.M. in 1856. He studied medicine with Dr. James Batchellor, a famous phy- sician in Marlborough and adjacent towns for many years ; at Deer Island, under Dr. Moriarty, acting as ranking student under his direction in the hos- pital of the institution and as quarantine physician; and at the Dartmouth Medical College and Jeffer- son Medical College, graduating from the latter in 1856. He practised in his native town for a couple of months after his graduation, from March 15 to ^^ay 6, to accommodate Dr. Samuel Richardson, and then settled in South Deerfield, Mass., where he enjoyed the confidence and esteem of the people. Hut, deeming the field too limited, in December fol- WM. G. LICHTENFELS. 915, Royal .Krcanum, a Freemason, an Odd Fellow, a member of the German order of Harugari, and an associate inember of the Grand Army of the Republic. He is also interested in military affairs, and is connected with the Worcester City Guards. Mr. Lichtenfels was married June 23, 1885, to Miss Emma E. Zitkor, of Portland, Me. They have four children : Emma, Wilhelm, Berllia, and Friedrich Lichtenfels. McCOLT. ESTER, John Quincy Adams, M.D.. of Wallham, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Marlborough, Cheshire County, May 3, 1831, son of Silas and Achsah (Holman) McCollester. He is a descendant of Isaac McCollester (then written McAllister), who came to this country as a captain in the British army some time during the colonial wars, was taken prisoner and never exchanged, and, being released, settled at Marl- borough, Mass. About the year 1760 he, with two others, was authorized to lay out or survey Monadnock I)i\ision, No. 5, New Hampshire ; / JOHN Q. A. McCollester. lowing he removed to a part of Groton then known as Groton Junction, now Ayer. Here, and in the towns of Harvard, Shirley, Leominster, Lunenburg, MEN OK PROGRESS. 787 'rownscnd, W'cstforcl, Littleton, Acton, and several other places, he held an extensive and laborious practice until 1887, at which time he opened an ottice in the city of \^'altham, where he already had a large number of friends, and where he im- mediately entered upon a wide though less labori- ous practice. Dr. McCollester was a member of the School Board for seven years at Groton and three years at Harvard, and alludes with pride to his associates there, among whom were ex-(lov- ernor Boutwell, the Rev. David Fosdick, one of the best Hebrew graduates of Harvard College, the Rev. Crawford Nightingale, the Rev. Daniel liutler, tlie Hon. E. Dana Bancroft, and A. J. Sawyer, an eminent public teacher. He has been a fellow of the Massachusetts Medical Societv since 1S56 ; is a life member of the American I'nitarian Association ; a charter member of Caleb Butler Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons ; and has been a member of the Governor Gore Lodge of Odd Fellows since its organization. During the Civil War he was an examiner of recruits, post surgeon at Camp Stevens, Groton, and surgeon of the Fifty-third Regiment, Massachusetts Volun- teers. His military service was characterized by professional skill and executive ability of high order. He was indefatigable in the welfare of his men, even facing danger upon the field of battle to care for wounded soldiers. He has been a justice of the peace for thirty-five years. He mar- ried first. May 6, 1856, Miss Sarah E. Hazen, who died May 5, 1858; and second, August 9, 1859, Miss Georgiana L. Hunt. His children are : by his first marriage, Anna (born August 28, 1S57); and bv his second marriage, Lucretia L (born August 26, i860), Edward Q. (born January 28, 1863), Harvey G. (born August 5, 1864), E. May (born September 1, 1867), John F. (born July 27, 1872), and H. Hortense McCollester (born July 2, 1878). MANN, Albert WiLLiAJt, of Boston, expert accountant, is a native of Boston, born October 4, 1 84 1, son of Nehemiah P. and Elizabeth M. (Pit- man) Mann. His parents were of Portsmouth, X.H., and of English descent. His ancestors on both sides were among the early settlers of New Hampshire, and some of them were in the War of the Revolution. He was educated in the Boston public schools, graduating from the Hawes Gram- mar School in 1855, a Franklin medal scholar, and from the English High School in 1858. Upon leaving the High School, he entered the Black- stone Bank, and remained there until October 4, 1862, when he enlisted as private in Company A, Forty-fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers (the Cadet Regiment), the bank directors voting to hold his position open for him until the expira- tion of his term of service. He .served the full term, participating in all the engagements of his regiment, — Kinston, Whitehall, Goldsborough, and Dover Cross Roads, — and was with it during the draft riot in Boston in 1863, doing guard duty in different parts of the city. Upon his discharge from the service, instead of returning to the bank. r- f. \-\ ^w ^ ALBERT W. MANN. he entered the office of his father, N. P. Mann &: Co., State street, as accountant, where he remained for six years, with the exception of a three months' enlistment in the First Unattached Com- pany, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. In 1872 he accepted an engagement to represent a Boston firm as resident agent in San Francisco, Cal. In less than two years after his arrival in Califor- nia the firm dissolved, the senior partner retiring from business : and the agency was discontinued. Thereupon, in June, 1874, he entered the San Francisco banking house of Sather & Co., and continued in'ils employ until June, 1879. The.se five years marked the period of the " Bonanza "' 788 MEN OF PROGRESS. excitement; and the bank did a large business as transfer agent for Eastern customers and in col- lecting dividends, and also in paying assessments on the mines on the Comstock Lode. He re- turned to Boston in i8So. and from that time has been engaged in various financial enterprises. He has served for short periods the Exchange National Bank, the Natick National Bank, and the First National Bank of Chelsea, and of late years has devoted most of his time to accountant work. In 189 1 he was sent to Fort Payne, Ala., by a committee of stockholders, to examine and report upon the financial condition of the Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company. He has audited the books of the treasurer of the city of Lowell, the treasurer of Dartmouth College, and of other large corporations. In 1895 he was elected auditor of the Massachusetts Mutual Accident Association of Boston. Mr. Mann is an active member of numerous organizations. He was ad- jutant of Major General H. G. Berry Post No. 40, of the Grand Army of the Republic, in 1889 and 1890 ; has been colonel of Gordon Forrest Com- mand, No. 12, Union Veterans' Union of Maiden, since 1894; and is now (1895) aide-de-camp on the staff of the commander in chief of the Union Veterans' Union. He joined the Grand Army in 187 1 and the LTnion Veterans' Union in 1893. He has been a Freemason since 1865, when he joined the Adelphi Lodge. In politics he is a Republican, and has been a member of the Re- publican city committee of Maiden, where he resides, for two years, and of the Republican Club of Massachusetts since 1894. He has, however, never held a political office, and never been a candidate for office. Mr. Mann was married June 20, 1867, to Miss Sarah G. Allbright, of Dor- chester. They have four children : Gilbert Sher- burne, Henry Judson. Carrie Alice, and William Albert Mann. MARTIN, John Joseph, M.D., of Marble- head, was born in Lowell, May 29, 1862, son of Thomas Henry and Susan (Keenan) Martin. His early education was received in the public gram- mar school ; and he was fitted for college at the Francestown Academy, Francestown, N.H. He studied medicine in the Dartmouth Medical Col- lege, and graduated therefrom November, 24, 1 89 1. For a few months after graduation, or until May, 1892, he practised in the town of New Sharon, Me. Then he removed to Marblehead, where he has since been actively engaged. In June, 1894, he was appointed assistant surgeon of the Eighth Regiment, Massachusetts Militia. He JOHN J. MARTIN. is a member of the Essex Club. Dr. Martin was married November 6, 1883, to Miss Hattie J. Whit- aker, of Hancock, N.H. They have one child : Helen E. Martin (born November 12, 1894). MENDUM, Samuel Warren, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk Bar, is a native of Boston, born November 14, 1863, son of Willis Barnabee Men- duni and Mary Emeline (Frederick) Mendum. His paternal ancestors came from England to Massachusetts prior to 1650, removing later to Kittery, Me. His ancestors on his mother's side were Massachusetts people from the neigh- borhood of Westford. His early education was obtained in the Boston public schools ; and he was prepared for college at the Boston Latin School, where he was graduated in the class of 1 88 1. In the prize declamation contest he re- ceived the first third prize. In July, 1881, he passed the entrance examinations to Harvard College, receiving honors in Latin and Greek. In the autumn of 1881 he entered Tufts College, and was graduated with the degree of A.B. in MEN OF PROGRESS. 789 liinc, 1885, being second in tiic class. He gave nuicii attention in college to declamation, and received in 1S83 the second Cioddard declamation prize, and the first Goddard prizes in 1884 and 1S85. AMien lie entered college, he had already become well acquainted with the free-trade doc- trine ; and his study of political economy in college still further convinced him of the soundness of the free-trade principle. He delivered as a com- mencement part an oration on '' Protection and Labor." His view of the subject was not the popular one, but the part was generally well re- ceived. Upon graduation from Tufts he accepted a position as teacher of elocution and German in I )ean Academy, Franklin, where he taught till February, 18S7. In the autumn of 1886 Mr. (). H. Perry, who was the teacher of political economy in the academy, and Mr. Mendum or- ganized the Franklin Tariff Reform Club, which did much good work in the cause of tariff reform. Mr. Perry was president and Mr. Mendum secre- tary of the club. The influential members of the trustees of Dean Academy were e.xtreme protec- tionists, and it is needless to say that the activity SAMUEL W. MENDUM. of these young teachers in the tariff reform agita- tion was not wholly agreeable to them. They evidently feared that the institution would suffer from what might seem a too close connection with tariff reform, though both teachers had been careful not to use their positions as teachers to influence the young students, but merely asserted the right of the citizen to advocate in public the views he holds. As a result of the openly expressed opposition of the trustees, Mr. Perry and Mr. Mendum felt it tiieir duty to resign. They both then entered the post-graduate depart- ment of Harvard University, pursuing there the study of political economy. In .September, 1887, Mr. Mendum was elected sub-master of the Woburn High School, and served in that posi- tion until December, 1890, when he was chosen principal in place of Herbert 15. Dow, resigned. He remained at the head of this school, being re-elected in June, i8gi, and again in June, 1892, until July of the latter year, when he re- signed to take up the study of law. He en- tered Boston University Law School in Novem- ber, 1892. In September, 1893, he received an appointment for a year as junior master in the Boston Latin School, returning to the Law School in October, 1894, to finish his studies. During this winter he taught rhetoric and American literature in the Boston Evening High School. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar June 25, 1895, and associated himself with the law firm of J. T. & R. E. Joslin, who have offices in Hudson and Boston. During all these ten years of school- teaching and law study Mr. Mendum continued his active work in behalf of tariff' reform, and had an effective part in the campaigns of that period. He was one of the founders of the Woburn Tariff Reform Club in 1889, and was its president for two years. In the same year he was elected a member of the executive committee of the New England Tariff Reform League, and is still on the committee, having been an ardent supporter of the change of name to the New England I-'ree Trade League, in July, 1889, he was elected secretary of the United Question Clubs, an organization which, through pertinent questions on tariff topics publicly put to candidates for office, provoked much discussion of details in- \olved in the issue. In the summer of 1892 he was assistant secretary of the Tariff Reform League, and, in the autumn campaign following, was private secretary to the Hon. George Fred Williams. Mr. Mendum has done more or less writing of a general nature, frequently contrib- uting to the press, and occasionally to the niaga- 790 MEN OF PROGRESS. zines. In the March number of the Nortli Ameri- can Rcvinc for 1890 he had an article on "Ques- tion Clubs and the Tariff," and in the same maga- zine for January, 1891, one on the "Teaching of Citizenship." In April, 1891, he delivered an address before the Massachusetts Classical and High School Teachers' Association on "An Ex- amination of the Criticisms on the Herald' s Prize Essays," which was subsequently published in the Acadoiiy : and he was an occasional speaker on the stump during the campaigns of 1890 and 1892. He has twice visited Europe, — first in the summer of 1886, when he wrote a series of weekly letters to the Franklin Si-iifiuc/, and again in 1890, writing at that time letters to the Boston J'ost, then an independent journal and a leading tariff reform organ. During the college year of 1893- 94 he was chairman of the Board of Visitors of Tufts College. In the winter of 1894 he was one of the organizers of the Citizens' Municipal Union of Boston, the main objects of which are " the promotion of a proper interest in municipal man- agement, and the acquirement and diffusion of information concerning administrative methods in civic affairs," and is at present secretary of the organization. Mr. Mendum was a Republi- can until 1884, and then left that party on account of its attitude on the tariff question. He has since been a Democrat, attached to the progres- sive wing. He is a member of Delta Chapter (Tufts College) of the Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. Mendum was married July 5, 1894, to Miss Sara Frances Clark, of Lewiston, Me. MILLER, Albert Ebkk, M.D., of Needham, is a native of New York, born in the town of Cov- ert, Seneca County, July 7, 1833, son of Ezekiel and Polly ( Hogaboom) Miller. He is a descend- ant of the New England family of Miller, among which are a number of noted physicians and sur- geons. His grandfathers were both soldiers in the Revolutionary War, and his father was in the War of 18 1 2. The latter, when a young man, went to New York, and settled on a farm, upon which the early life of Albert E. was spent. He attended the district school of his native town, spent a year at Cortland Academy, and then, being selected by the superintendent of schools to receive the bene- fits of the State normal department at Homer Academy, he spent three years in that institution. His first desire was to study medicine, but he was persuaded by friends to read law instead. After a year of law-reading, however, he returned to his first choice, and was graduated from the Syracuse Medical College in 1855, and in 1864 from the LTniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. He was also a private student of H. H. Smith, M.D., professor of surgery in the university, and of the celebrated I). Hayes Agnew, M.D. After grad- uating, he began lecturing on Public Health ; and he has since travelled extensively, and delivered lectures in the principal cities and towns through- out the country. His lectures to pupils of public and normal schools have been especially popular. A. E. MILLER. He has the finest apparatus with which to illus- trate these discourses, consisting of four beautiful French manikins, thirteen skeletons, and a great variety of models, plates, and drawings. For sev- eral years he has lectured regularly before the New England Chautauqua Assembly. He is pro- fessor of physiology and hygiene in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Boston ; and has been for several years medical e.xaminer of the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company of Phila- delphia. With his lecturing and other specialties he continues in active practice, having an office at his residence in Xeedham, and also one in Boston, where he is regularly two days in the week. In MEN OF PROGRESS. 791 Nfcdliani he is president of the I'.oard of 'I'rustees of the 'I'own Library, and has Ijeen one of the officers of that institution since its organization, has been president of the Co-operative Bank since its organization, was one of the foremost in starting tlie Village Improvement Society and its first presi- ilent ; and he has beautified and rendered fertile a portion of the town reclaimed from waste land, and built twent3^-five fine houses. He was also largely instrumental in securing from the Legislature the act allowing the town of Needham to supply its inhabitants with pure water, and was chairman of the water committee. He represented his district, the Ninth Norfolk, in the State House of Repre- sentatives in 1888-89, during his second term serving as chairman of the committee on public health. He is an active temperance worker, and has been president of the Union Temperance Hand for three years, and is now vice-president of the Massachusetts Total Abstinence Society. In politics he is a Republican. He is a Mason of the thirty-second degree, with most of his Ma- sonic affiliations in Boston. He is a member of De Molay Commandery, and past master of the Nor- folk Lodge, a member of the Eastern Star ; a past grand of Eliot Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Needham, a member of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, and has several times held the office of district deputy grand master. He is a member of the Gynaecological Society of Boston, of the International Medical Congress, the Chau- tauqua Literary Scientific Circle, and the Norfolk, the Home Market, and the Massachusetts Repub- lican clubs. He has been superintendent of the First Parish Sunday-school for the past ten years. Dr. Miller was married in New York, November 25, 1866, to Miss Vesta Delphene Freeman, daughter of ^Vlonzo and Vesta (Ketchune) F'ree- man, of Newark, N.Y. Mrs. Miller is also a phy- sician and an active temperance worker, and has lieen president of the Woman's Christian Temper- ance Lfnion of Needham since its organization. In i8go Dr. Miller, in companj- with his wife, attended the International Medical Congress at lierlin, after which they travelled e.xtensively through Germany, Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, France, and England. Betsey (Beaumont) Mills. His parents removed to Fall River when he was a child, and he was ed- ucated in the public schools there. He began work at the age of twelve, employed as general boy in a dry and fancy goods store then con- ducted by Ramsay & McWhirr in Fall River. At the age of seventeen he was ad\anced to the position of department manager, and from that rose gradually through other positions to assistant manager, and then manager of the entire business, which by that time had grown to large propor- tions, being one of the largest stores in the city. He was holding the latter position with an interest MILLS. .\.SA An.\M, of Fall River, merchant, is a native of Rhode Island, born in the town of Albion, November 26, 1864, son of Thomas and ASA A. MILLS. in the business, when the death of Mr. McW'hirr occurred in March, 1893. The firm had changed several times during his connection with it, and Mr. Mc\\"hirr's death left him the only surviving partner. He then organized the business into a corporation under the title of R. A. McWhirr Com- pany, and was chosen president, treasurer, and manager of the company, which positions he still holds. Under its present management the busi- ness has so grown that it is now regarded as one of the best in its line in South-eastern Massachu- setts. Mr. Mills is a member of the Odd F'ellows and of the Royal Arcanum. He was married February 22, 1887, to Miss Sarah E. Godley, of 79^ MEN OF PROGRESS. Fall River. They have two children : and Everett D. Mills. Hazel (;. the United States in that line. Mr. Mills is an ac- tive member of the Episcopal Church, connected at present with St. Marj's Church, Newton Lower Falls. He is a member of the F'ranklin Typo- graphical Society, of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, and of the Boston Art and Exchange clubs. He has been a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company for twenty-seven years, and is connected with the Odd Fellow and several other social orders. Mr. Mills was married September 25, i860, to Miss Josephine Cate, of Newton Lower Falls. MILLS, William Nathaniel, of Boston, cooperage business, was a native of Boston, born July 27, 1839 ; died June i, 1894. He was the fifth son of James Lee and Margaret (Mountfort) Mills. He graduated from the Boston public schools ; and his training for active life began immediately after leaving school, as a clerk in a prominent commercial house in Boston. There he remained until 1862, when he entered into part- nership with \V. U. Bush, and engaged in the FREDERICK MILLS. MHvLS, Frederick, of Boston, printer, was born in Newton Lower Falls, April 17, 1834, son of William and Mary Angeline (Cooper) Mills. His grandfather, Luke Mills, and his great-grand- father, Nehemiah Mills, were farmers in the town of Needham. His father was a paper manufact- urer, under the firm name of Wales & Mills, at Newton Lower Falls. He was educated in the public schools and in the Chapman Hall, private school, of Boston. He learned the printing trade when a youth, entering the office of the Boston Daily Times at the age of si.xteen, and at nineteen years of age in the employ of the old Boston firm of J. H. & F. F. F"arwell, book and job printers. He remained with Messrs. Farwell until 1861, when he went into the printing-office of .\lfred Mudge & Son. In 1879 he engaged in the book and job printing business for himself, associated with C. H. Knight, and has since continued under the firm name of Mills, Knight, & Co. During that time the firm has added to its business renew- able memorandum books and leather specialties for advertising purposes, of which it is a pioneer, and now has one of the largest establishments in W. N. MILLS. cooperage business, with which he was connected through the succeeding years until his death. In 1866 he formed the copartnersliip of Mills MKN OK PROGRESS. 793 lirotheis. succeeding to the cooperage business an office boy with Stone & Downer in 1865. He of James L. Mills & Sons, the latter house hav- soon advanced, becoming book-keeper for the ing been established by his father in 1823. At concern, and sliortly after, through his energy and I lie time of his death he was president of the American Stave and Cooperage Company. Mr. Mills was a member of the Ancient and Honora- ble Company from 1875 until his death, holding the rank of lieutenant in 1879 and 1880. He was connected with the Masonic fraternity, l^os- ton Commandery, Knights Templar, thirty-second degree, and was a member of the Bostonian So- ciety, of the Corinthian Yacht Club, of the Algon- (|uin and Art clubs, and of the Old Eliot School Association. He married December 14, i860. Miss Annie M. Howe, of Boston. Tliey have had one son : William H. Mills. MUNROE, William, of Boston, senior mem- ber of the firm of Stone & Downer Company, cus- tom-house brokers, import and export agents, was Ijorn in Cambridge, November 11, 1846, son of William A. and Mary (Watson) Munroe, daughter of Charles and Nancy B. Watson, of Cambridge. He traces his descent directly from William Mun- roe, who was born in Scotland in 1625, and came to this country in 1632, subsequently settling in Lexington. His great-grandfather, William Mun- roe, was born in 1742, was orderly sergeant in ("aptain Parker's Company on Lexington Green, April 19, 1775, later on a lieutenant in the army at the taking of Burgoyne in 1777, and afterward a colonel in the militia. He kept the famous " Munroe Tavern " at Lexington, which was used as Earl Percy's headquarters and as a British hos- pital on the historic 19th of April, and where Washington dined in 1789, when he visited the lirst battlefield of the Revolution. Colonel Mun- roe died (October 30, 1827, aged eighty-five years. Mr. Munroe's uncle, who is now a retired mer- chant, owns and occupies the old Lexington homestead. William A. Munroe, father of Will- iam Munroe, was a man of strict integrity and nobleness of spirit and character, both unselfish and brave, and was a large giver to all charitable and worthy objects. He was a successful mer- chant, and died in Cambridge at the age of sixty- five years. William Munroe w^ educated in the public schools of Cambridge, and, after leaving school, took a business course at French's College in Boston. He was reared from youth in the business in which he is now engaged, starting as WM. MUNROE. ability, won his way to a partnership in the firm. Under his management and personal popularity the business has so increased that the firm is now one of the largest of its kind in the country. Mr. Munroe has served as assessor and clerk in the town of Belmont, where he resided for a number of years, and has been obliged by the pressure of his business to decline many flattering offers of political advancement. He is a member and a past master of Belmont Lodge Freemasons. He is also a Knight Templar of Hugh de Payen Commandery of Melrose. He was married Octo- ber II, 1870, to Miss Helen S. Peasley, daughter of Charles Peasley, of Cambridge. They have two children : Chester and Mary A. Munroe. The son is in the office with his father. NEWALAN, Frederick S.\v.\ge, of Springfield, architect, with offices in three cities, is a native of Maine, born in Bangor, August 26, 1847, son of Alden and Nancy (Ellis) Newman. His parents were both natives of Maine, his father son of Samuel Newman, who was born in New Hamp- 794 MEN OF PROGRESS. shire, and his mother dnuglittr of W'ilhaiii Ellis, born in Pennsylvania. He was educated in New- Hampshire schools and in draughting schools in Massachusetts. He was fitted for his profession under the direction of A. J. Aldrich, mill architect, and with E. C. Gardner, general architect. Open- ing his office in Springfield, on the first of November, 1882, he at once began active work, and in the course of a few years had designed a variety of important buildings, stores, churches, school-houses, public halls, bank and office build- ings, theatres, and dwellings in various parts of New England and in other States. In March, 1890, he opened a branch office in Hartford, Conn., and in February, 1894, a second branch office in Philadelphia, Penna. ; and he is carrying on business in the three offices at the present time. Among his noteworthy structures are : in Spring- field, the Forbes & Wallace dry-goods store, Meekins, Packard, & Co. dry-goods store building. Court Scpiare Theatre Building, Chicopee and Pynchon banks, the Safe Deposit and Trust Company, Fuller Building, Cutler & Porter, Union, Wight, Olmsted, & Kirkham, and Dickin- F. S. NEWMAN. son blocks, the Highland Baptist and St. Luke churches, the Buckingham and Pynchon school- houses, the Glendore Hotel ; in Chicopee Falls, the Imperial Hotel: in Holyoke, the Catholic church " Our Lady of Perpetual Help " and parochial school ; in Turner's Falls, St. Anne's Catholic Church and Parsonage; at Hartford, Conn., the Lindon Block, comprising eight stores and fifty-eight flats, and the Balerstein Block ; in Reading, Penna., the Di\'es Pomeroy & Stewart store: in Indianapolis, Ind., the New York Dry- goods Store ; in Philadelphia, Penna., the great ofifice building of the F'idelity Mutual Life .Asso- ciation. Mr. Newman has served in the city government of Springfield as a member of the Common Council. He is in politics a Republi- can and in religious faith a Unitarian. He is prominent in the Masonic fraternity, being a member of Hampden Lodge of Springfield, of Morning Star Chapter, Royal Arch Masons of Springfield Council, Royal and Select Masons of Evening Star Lodge of Perfection, Massasoit Council Princes of Jerusalem of Springfield, Lawrence Chapter of Rose Croi.x of Worcester, Massachusetts Consistory, Sublime Prince of the Royal Secret, thirty-second degree of Boston, and the Aleppo Temple Nobles of the Mystic Shrine of Boston. He is also connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, a member of Mount Roulstone Lodge of Fitchburg and Agawam Encampment of Springfield : antl with the order of Knights of Pythias, a member of Hillsborough Bridge, N.H., and the Grand Lodge of K. and P. of New Hampshire. His club affili- ations are with the Springfield and Winthrop clubs of Springfield. Mr. Newman was married Sep- tember 22, 1867, in Peterborough, N.H., to Miss Caroline Fl (Crimes, of that town. He has no children. NICHOLS, Thomas Parker, of Lynn, printer and publisher, is a native of Lynn, born August 28, 1830, son of Nathan and Harriet (Herbert) Nichols. He is a descendant of the Nichols fam- ily of Maiden, first settled there in 1660. He was educated in the Lynn public schools. After leav- ing school, at the age of thirteen, he began to learn the printer's trade ; and he has continued in the printing business continuously from that time (1843) to the present. He started in business on the 5th of May, 1S55, his first printing-office being on Market Square, Lynn. In 1S67 he moved to Market Street, and has been established there ever since, occupying three difterent loca- tions, at present in the Macnair Block, No. 113, MEN OK PROGRESS. 795 his (luarlurs covering the second ;incl third Hoors He was married May 5, 1853, to Miss Caroline over the Lynn Safe Deposit and Trust Company Smith, of Lynn. They have had four children, all and the Lynn National ISank. He now carries on of whom are living: Carrie Helen (now Mrs. John C. .\borni, Frank Herbert, Fred Hammond, and Sarah Lizzie i now Mrs. Samuel S. Shepard). XICK.ERSON, Sereno I)wii;nr, of Boston, merchant, is a native of Boston, born October 16, 1823, son of Ebenezer and Kudo.xa (White) Xick- erson. His early education was acquired in some of the best private schools in Boston and at Phil- lips (Andover) .Academy, where he was fitted for college. He graduated at \'ale in i{ tlie St. T'otolph antl the Athletic clubs. He was married September 16, 1873, to Miss .Mice D'W. Downer, daughter of Samuel Downer, of Boston, and great-grand- daughter of ^L^jor 'Ihomas .MeKille. (then West Cambridge;, January 23, 1847, ■'^'5" of Warren and Eleanor E. (Hovey) Rawson. He was educated in the public schools of his native R.AW'SON, \V.\KUEN Winn, of .Arlington, mar- ket gardener and seedsman, was born in Arlington WARREN W. RAWSON. town, at Cotting .\cademy, and at a commercial college in Boston, finishing at the Emerson School of Oratory. Before completing his education, he was at work with his father, who was al.so a lead- ing market gardener in his day, and received a practical experience in this branch of fine farming and the growing of seeds. In 1873, after five years in partnership with his father, he began business for himself as a market gardener, and ten years later added a seed store in Boston at No. 34 South Market Street. Beginning at the age of twenty-one with no capital, he is now at forty- eight one of the largest ta.x-payers in his town. He was a pioneer in the introduction of many features in market gardening now in general use, was the first market gardener in .\rlington to build extensive greenhouses, first to use steam in them, and first to employ electric light to foster and hasten the growth of vegetables. He is the leading producer of celery in the East, and has introduced several new varieties of seeds, which he exports extensively, as well as selling widelv in this coimtry. He has five farms in .\rlington. which embrace one hundred acres. 8o4 MEN OF PROGRESS. and are thoroughly equipped for his extensive business. Mr. Rawson is president of the Market Gardeners' Association of Boston, president of the Middlesex Agricultural Society, vice-president of the Boston Marketmen's Club, ex-member of the State Board of Agriculture, and member of the Board of Control of the Massachusetts Experi- mental Station at Amherst, member of the Massa- chusetts Horticultural Society and of the Fruit and Produce Exchange, Boston. Mr. Rawson is prominent also in affairs outside of his business and interests connected with it. He is an earnest Republican, and has served as chairman of the Republican town committee of .\rlington. Since 1884 he has been a member of the Arlington School Committee. In 1890 he was appointed by the governor chairman of the Gypsy Moth Commission. He has lectured on agricultural topics before various organizations, and has pub- lished works on celery culture and on " Success in Market Gardening." He is a member of the Home Market Club, of the Middlesex Club, and of the Arlington Boat Club, is connected with the Masonic order and the order of Odd Fellows, and is an associate member of the Grand Army of the Republic. In Arlington he is concerned in nu- merous improvements for the welfare of the place, and is a member of the local Improvement As- sociation, president of the Arlington No-license Committee, and director of a co-operative bank. He was married first on February 28, 1868, to Miss Helen M. Mair, by which union were two children, but one of whom, Mabel, is now living. Mrs. Rawson died in May, 1872. He married second, September 21, 1874, Miss Sarah E. Mair. They have had three children, of whom two are li\-ing : Alice and Herbert Rawson. the same county, daughter of Henry Farwell, Esq., and half-sister of the Hon. Nathan A. Farwell, late of Rockland, Me., and formerlv United States RICH, Frank Urbanus, M.D., of Maynard, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Thorndike, July 18, 1857, son of Raymond S. and Eleanor Jane (Grant) Rich. His great-great-grandfather, Benjamin Rich, and the latter's brother, came to this country from England about the year 1750 or 1755, and settled, Benjamin in the small town of Standish, or Gorham, near Portland, Me., and the brother on Cape Cod. His grandfather, Joseph Rich, was born in Standish, or Gorham, in 1780, and later in life moved to Thorndike, a township set off from Lincoln Plantation in Waldo County, where he married Lydia F. Farwell, of Unity, in F. U. RICH. senator. As a result of this union, twelve children were born, all of whom grew to manhood and womanhood. Of these, the Hon. Raymond S., father of Dr. Rich, was the oldest. He was born in Thorndike in 1809. He was almost a giant physically, standing six feet four inches in his stocking feet ; and his usual weight, though not corpulent, was two hundred and eighty pounds. He was a man of liberal education and of more than usual ability, having been a justice of the peace in quorum and trial justice for over forty years. He also represented his district in the General Court, and was a member of the council of both governors Washburn and Cony, of Maine, during the Civil War. He held nearly every office of trust in his native town ; and the latter part of his life was spent in settling estates, looking up titles, and doing various kinds of legal work in which he was called an expert. Frank U. Rich was the seventh of a family of nine children, seven boys and two girls. His early education was obtained in the district schools of his native town, which he attended during the winter months, or when he could be spared from work MEN OF PROGRESS. 805 on the farm, until he reached the ay;e of fourteen. Then lie entered Freedom Academy, and subse- quently China Academy. At the age of eighteen lie became principal of the commercial department and professor of penmanship of Oak Grove Semi- nary at Vassalborough, the only Friends" school in Maine. At about this time he also began the study of medicine, teaching in the day-time and studying evenings, and reciting two or three times a week to a practising physician in North Vassal- borough. Later on he entered the medical de- partment of the University of Vermont at Burling- ton, and graduated there with the degree of M.l). on July I, 1880, being vice-president of his class. .\t the end of the same month he began practice as a physician and surgeon at Maynard, Mass., where he has since continued, having by his skill and untiring energy worked up a large and lucra- tive practice, e.xtending into five different towns. He has been a member and chairman of the Hoard of Health of the town for over ten years. Dr. Rich is a member of Charles A. Welch Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Maynard, of the W'alden Royal .Arch Chapter at Concord, and of the Massachusetts Consistory, thirty-second degree, of Boston : a charter member and second noble grand of Maynard Lodge of Odd Fellows ; a member of Waltham Encampment, order of Odd F'ellows ; a charter member of Assabet t'ouncil. Royal Arcanum, also the examining physician ; a charter member of Court Maynard, .\ncient Order of Forresters, also court physician ; member of Magdaline Chapter, order of F^astern Star, and Mizpah Lodge of the Daughters of Rebecca. In politics he is a stanch Republican, but, owing to the pressure of professional business, takes no active part in political work. Dr. Rich was married December 24, 1883, to Miss Minnie 1!. Xewcomb, of Maynard. They have three chil- dren : Ethel B. (born April 21, 1886), Robert Raymond (born January 6, 1891), and (Jertrude Rich (l)orn May 5, 1893). RICH.\RDSON, Ch.^rles, of Boston, mer- chant, first president of the National I'aint, Oil, and \'arnish Association, was born in Glacen- bury. Conn., October 11, 1825; died in Boston, .\pril 29, 1895. He-was a son of Ruel and Ora (Bird) Richardson. He was of the Richardson familv descending from Richard, grandson of Will- land. His boyhood was spent on a farm, and he was at work in a general store when a lad of but fourteen years. His early education was limited to the country school and a single term at the Framingham Academy : but subsequently, through association with men of well-stored minds, observa- tion, and e.vtensive reading, he received an intel- lectual training of no common order. In 1849, when he was twenty-four years old, he came to Boston, and entered the employ of John N. Denni- son iS; Co., wholesale dealers in dry goods, engag- ing to travel for the house, .\fter several success- ful years in this business he entered the paint and oil trade, taking a position in the store of William C. Hunniman, Jr. ; and from that time to his death he was devoted to its interests. Three years after engaging with Mr. Hunniman he purchased the latter's interest, and started out for himself, under the firm name of Charles Richardson & Co. Be- fore long, under his energetic and skilful conduct, the business had so increased that he was obliged to move to larger quarters, and he took a store on the corner of Milk and Broad Streets. Thence re- moval was made some years later to much more CHARLES RICHARDSON. extensive quarters on Oliver Street, and the busi- ness became one of the best established of its line iam Belward, Lord of Malpas, in Cheshire, Eng- in Boston. Mr. Richardson was widely known in 8o6 MEN OF PROGRESS. the prtint and oil trade thiouy;hout the country through his zeal in ad\ancing various trade re- forms. He was the originator of the New Eng- land Paint and Oil Club, established in 1884. the pioneer of such clubs, and was its first president ; and he was one of the most active promoters of the National Paint and Varnish Association, or- ganized at Saratoga in 1888. He was president of the latter for three years, and then, declining to serve for a fourth term, became an active member of the board of control, and served on various committees. He was an earnest advocate of the establishment of a department of trade and com- merce in the national government, and succeeded in enlisting intiuential support for the plan among business men in various parts of the country. In business affairs his judgment was practical and sure ; and his opinion was frequently sought by his associates in the trade, and respected. He had a wide circle of friends, and numbered among his intimate acquaintances such men as Theodore Parker, \\'illiam Lloyd Garrison, and Wendell Phillips. Upon his death the Paint and Oil Club, at a special meeting, voted to place upon its records a tribute to his memory, in which empha- sis was laid upon " his strict attention to business details, aggressiveness in matters of general inter- est, especially in insisting that fairness only could be shown by each member acting honorably." Mr. Richardson married in April, 1846, Sara Stearns. His widow and a son and daughter sur- vive him : Charles F'. (member of the firm of Charles Richardson & Co. ) and Clara M. Rich- ardson (now Mrs. Stanwood, residing in \\'est Medford). ROGERS, Frank Alvin, M.D., of Chatham, is a native of Maine, born in the town of New- field, October 8, 1855, son of the Rev. John A. Rogers and Julia Ann (Nealey) Rogers. His ancestry is traced back to John Rogers the martyr. The first of the family who came to the New World was the Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, who settled at Ipswich, Mass., in 1636, and died there in 1655. His son, the Re\-. John Rogers, M.D., practised at the same place, and died there in 1684, leaving a son, the Rev. John, who was pas- tor of the First Church of Ipswich until his death in 1745. The ne.xt in lineal descent was the Rev. Daniel Rogers, a tutor in Harvard College, who died in 1785 at E.xeter, N.H. His son Thomas moved to Ossipee, N.H., where John Rogers, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born. He subsequently removed to Newfield, Me., where he died in 1866. His son, the Rev. John, father of Dr. Rogers, was long settled as pastor of the Free V^'ill Baptist Church at West Newfield, and died there in 1866, leaving the son Frank A., and a daughter Addie A., now Mrs. B. F. Lombard, of Portsmouth, N.H. Frank A. received his early education in the common schools, and afterward attended the Limerick Academy at Limerick, Me., and the Maine Wesleyan Academy and Female College at Kent's Hill, Readfield, Me. He studied medicine at the Bowdoin Medical College, and graduated there in June, 1876, and subsequently took post-graduate courses at the Harvard Medical School. He practised for about a year in Bethel, Me. (1876- 77), and then became principal of the Litchfield Academy, Litchfield, Me. The next year, 1878, he went to Atlanta. Ga., as instructor in physics, Latin, and Greek in the university in that city, and remained there four years. Returning North and resuming the practice of medicine, in 1882 he settled in the town of Brewster. After ten years' s« F. A. ROGERS. successful practice there, he sold out, and removed to Worcester. Nearly a vear later, the people of Chatham petitioning him to settle there, he re- MKN OK PROGRESS. So 7 moved to tlial U)\\ii. Wliilu in Woiccslcr he was pathologist to the City and Memorial Hospitals. In connection with his professional duties Dr. Rogers has devoted much time to the study of histology, embryology, and bacteriology, with the microscope. He has written numerous articles for magazines devoted to these subjects, some of which, with original drawings, have been sought for republication. Dr. Rogers was admitted to the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1883, and became a fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society of London, England, in 1891. He has also been a member of the American Microscopi- cal Society since 1888. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity and the order of Odd Fellows. He has been chairman of the School l!oard of ISrewster from 1884 to 11S93. Dr. Rogers was married November 30, 1876, to Miss Lottie A. I'lowker, of Phippsburg, Me. 'I'lieir children are : .\mabel, I'rank Leston, and Alice May Rogers. conducted this business with Mr. Hicko.\ in con- nection with the publication of their magazine. I'he result of the acquaintance thus formed with ROWELL, Henry Valentine, of Boston, New England manager for Remington typewriter manufacturers, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Hartford, June 2, 1841, son of Christo- pher C. and Mary Augusta (Hunter) Rowell. His education was begun in the public schools of his native town, and finished at the Meriden Academy, ]\Ieriden, N.H. He left home when si.vteen years of age, coming to Lowell, where he worked for three years as a clerk; and from his savings from his small salary he paid his way through the acad- emy, which he entered at the age of nineteen. After spending two years at Meriden, he came again to Massachusetts, and found another place as clerk in a store in Boston. In 1866 he en- tered into partnership with W. A. Holmes in the grocery business, and for some time conducted a store on Causeway Street, opposite the L^nion Station. Subsequently Ihis partnership was dis- solved, and he continued in the business for some years alone. During this period he became inter- ested in shorthand, and in 1877, in company with W. E. Hicko.x, began the publication of a maga- zine devoted to its interests, under the name of T/w American Sliortlund ]Vritcr. This was suc- cessfully carried on for six years, when it was ab- sorbed in the Canadian Shorthand Writer, then published by Thomas Bengough, of Toronto. Meanwhile Mr. Rowell secured the agency of the Remington typewriter for the State of Maine, and 4-^ H. V. ROWELL. the manufacturers — the firm of Wyckoff, Sea- mans, & Benedict — w^as his engagement in 1883 as New England manager of their business. When he took this position, the business of Wyck- off, Seamans, & Benedict in New England was very small, occupying only a room twelve by twelve feet. Within the last twelve years of Mr. Rowell's management it has grown to such pro- portions that a store one hundred feet deep, with basement proportionately large, is now required for its accommodation ; and a large clerical force is employed. From an output of about half a dozen machines per month from the New England office twelve years ago, there have been put on the market during these twelve years nearly one hundred and si.\ty thousand machines. Side by side with this development has been that of short- hand writing, and several thousand trained oper- ators are being placed each year by the Reming- ton typewriter firm. Mr. Rowell is a member of the Royal Arcanum. He was married November 29, 1865, to Miss limma ]. Jaquith, of Peter- borough, N.H. They have one child: Neva H. Rowell. 8o8 MEN OF PROGRESS. RYAN, John William, of Boston, editor of the Saturday Evening Gazette, is a native of Boston, born March 26, 1837, son of James Walker and Elizabeth B. (Ryan) Ryan. He is of Irish de- scent. His paternal grandfather held a responsi- ble position in connection with the coal mines in Castlecomer, County Kilkenney, Ireland, and came to this country in the early twenties, settling near Savannah, Ga. ; and his paternal grandmother was of the Walker family, " well-to-do " folk. His maternal grandfather was John Ryan, long a stair-builder and carpenter in Boston, one of four brothers who settled here early in the centurv. % "tS?^ :. .i) JOHN W. RYAN. He died in Boston, 1828. His wife was P]ridget Green. Mr. Ryan's father was a popular hotel- keeper in Boston in the early days of Harvey D. Parker and Paran Stevens. He kept the Stack- pole House, which stood on the corner of Milk and Devonshire Streets in its prosperous period, in the forties, before it declined to a second-rate house. His brother was Commander George Parker Ryan, U.S.N., who was lost in the "Huron "off Cape Hatteras in November, 1879. John W. was educated in the Boston public schools. He was a Franklin medal scholar at the old Adams School in Mason Street, with George Brooks (a brother of the late Phillips Brooks), who was killed in the Civil War, Waldo Merriam, after- ward a colonel, also killed in the Civil War, and James Dickson Wyman, a brother of Colonel Powell T. Wyman, and son of Oliver C. Wyman, at one time manager of the Federal Street The- atre. Young Wyman afterward went on the stage under the name of Dickson. He was a descend- ant of the Pow'ells who were about the earliest theatrical people in Boston. Mr. Ryan began active life as a boy in the wholesale drj'-goods house of Blanchard, Converse, & Co., on Pearl Street, on the site of the old Boston Athenaeum. But he had more taste for newspaper life than for business, having been a contributor to the then called literary weeklies in Boston and New York : and in 1857, when he was twenty years old, he went into the TraTeller office. Afterward he was for some time on the Shoe aiut Leather Reporter. In 1865 he first became attached to the Satiirdav Evening Gazette., under William W. Clapp, Jr., and Benjamin P. Shillaber ( Mrs. Partington). He left in 1870 to start the Hour Glass, but re- turned the following year. In 1871 he bought an interest in the Boston Sunday Courier, and was the first president of the Courier Stock Company, the other stockholders being Warren L. Brig- ham, Joseph F. Travers, and John T. Morse, Jr. He remained on the staff of the Courier until 1884, when he left it to become the editor of the lioston Budget, succeeding William A. Ho\ey. In 1S87. at the urgent request of the late Colonel 1 lenry G. Parker, he returned to the Gazette, and has since remained there, becoming the chief editor in 1894. Mr. Ryan was a member of the Mercantile Library .Association in its palmy days, and look great interest in its literary exercises. He was a member of the declamation committee of the association about the year 1859, when Henry C. Barnabee and William E. Sheriden were among those who took part in the entertain- ments. He was a member of the Avon Dramatic Club which produced " Macbeth " for the benefit of the Sanitary Commission in 1862 at the Boston Theatre, then called the .Academy of Music. He has served on the Boston School Committee, a member of the old board in 1874, and of the new board from 1876 to 1879. Mr. Ryan was mar- ried October i, 1873, to Miss Nora Winifred Len- non, daughter of Martin Lennon, a capitalist and retired tanner and contractor, well known in Bos- ton. Their children are : Mary Josephine, Gene- vieve Agnes, and George Benedict Ryan. MKN OF PROGRESS. 809 SKARS, Wii.i.iAM Barnas, of lioslon, was born ill lI;iniilton, Madison County, New \'ork, June II, 1832, son of Barnas Sears, D.I)., LL.D., and Klizabeth (iriggs (Corey) Sears. His father was liorn at Sandisfield, Berkshire County, Mass., and was a graduate of Brown University and Newton Theological Seminary: pastor of the First Baptist Church, Hartford, Conn. : professor in Madison College, Hamilton, N.Y. ; graduate of the German University, Berlin ; professor and president of Newton Theological Seminary; secretary of the State Board of Education, successor to Horace Mann : president of Brow-n University, succeed- ing Dr. Wayland ; appointed by George Peabody, London banker, as agent for the Peabody Edu- cational Fund for the South ; died at Saratoga Springs, July 4, 1880, and buried in the Corey tomb, Walnut Street Cemetery, Brookline. His mother was daughter of Deacon Elijah Corey, of Corey Hill, Brookline. The family removed to iirookline when he was a year old. He received his education at the private school of Ebenezer Woodward, and the classical German school of Dr. Carl Siedhof, in Newton Centre, finishing under Professor William Russell, President F'ben- ezer Dodge, D.D., and President Alvah Hovey, D.D. He was instructor in German, Latin, and mathematics at Pierce Academy, Middleborough, and then entered the store of Gardner Colby on Milk Street, Boston, and served his apprentice- ship three and one-half years, from 185 i to 1854. After a year at Alton, 111., and at New Orleans he entered the employ of Lyman Sears & Co., jobbers of boots and shoes, No. 1 2 Barclay Street, New York. Later on he was with Paton & Co., importers. Park Place, New York : and for three years prior to the Civil War in the silk house of Bowen, McNaniee, & Co., No. 1 12 Broadway, New N'ork. Soon after the opening of the war he was commissioned (June 6, 1861) by Governor Will- iam Sprague, of Rhode Island, first lieutenant in Company F, Second Rhode Island Regiment, Volunteer Infantry, for three years ; and he served to tlie expiration of the term, making a brilliant and honorable record. His regiment opened the battle of First Bull Run. at Sudley Church, on Sunday, July 21, 1861, at 9 a..m. ; and. Captain Levi Tower of his company being one of the first to be killed, the command devolved upon First Lieutenant W. B. Sears. In this engagement the colonel, major, two captains, and one hundred and fortv men of the regiment were killed. wounded, or captured. On tiie 28th of October, 1861, First Lieutenant Sears was commissioned captain, and thereafter was present with his com- mand at Warwick Court House, Lee's Mills, York- town. Williamsburg, West Point, Slatersville, New Kent Court House, Mechanicsville, Hanover Court House, Savage Station, Seven Pines, Tur- key Bend, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Chan- tilly. South Mountain, Antietam, F'redericksburg, Marye's Heights, Salem Church, Gettysburg, South Anna River, and Cold Harbor, June, 1864. He was honorably discharged at Providence, R.I., June 17, 1864, the term of service of the regi- W. B. SEARS. ment having expired, and subsequently received from Governors Sprague of Rhode Island. Buck- ingham of Connecticut, and Andrew of Massa- chusetts, written commendation for active .ser- \ ices at the front. He was wounded at First Bull Run, at Seven Pines, and at Hamilton's Crossing, Fredericksburg. Captain Sears was one of the early members of the Grand Army of the Repub- lic, on the 17th of October, 1867, joining Post 26 of Roxbury. In 187 1 he w-as elected senior vice- commander. In September, 1874, he was trans- ferred to Post T43 of Brookline, and in 1875, and again in 1876, was elected commander of th.at post. He served one year on the staff of 8io MEN OF PROGRESS. General William Cogswell, and one year on that of Myron P. Walker, department of Massachu- setts, commander ; and has had the exceptional record of four )-ears" service on the national staff of commander-in-chief of the Grand Army, having been first appointed in 1S77 on the staff of Gov- ernor Lucius Fairchild, of Wisconsin, next, in i88g, on General Rea's staff, in 1892 on that of General A. G. Weissert, of Wisconsin, and in 1893 on that of Captain John G. B. Adams, of Massachusetts. In 1874 he was admitted to membership of the Massachusetts Commandery, military order of the Loyal Legion. He has served in the State militia, a member of Com- pany D, Massachusetts Cavalry, Roxbury Horse Guards, from 1865 to 1872, when he was com- missioned by Governor Claflin captain of Com- pany C, First Regiment Infantry; and on Octo- ber 2, 1867, he was elected a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, Gen- eral Banks at that time commander. He is an honorary member of the Clinch Rifles of Augusta, Ga., having received his certificate of election in August, 1 87 5 ; and an honorary member of the Mexican War \eterans' Association (elected in 1880). In 1870 he was appointed commissioner of the Commonwealth for disabled soldiers of the war. Captain Sears turned his attention to in- surance matters soon after the war, and began to lay the foundation of his fire insurance agency at No. 45 Kilby Street, the insurance centre of Boston, in September, 1865. He was appointed Boston agent for the Norwich Fire Insurance Company in 1867, and appointment followed as agent for the Roger Williams, the Commerce, the Firemen's Fund and Union Companies of Cali- fornia, the Hoffman, Fairfield, Enterprise, Ger- man American, the North British &: Mercantile of London, and the Guardian .Assurance Com- pany of London. He has built up a first-class business, and enjoys the confidence alike of under- writers and assured. He was a charter member of the Boston Protective Department (in 1872), a director in 1S73, vice-president in 1874, and president 1875. In Brookline he served by ap- pointment of the selectmen, as assistant engi- neer in 1876, and chief engineer in 1877 of the Brookline Fire Department ; and, while chief, he reorganized the department on a basis to har- monize with the system of the city of Boston. He is prominent in the Masonic fraternity : member of the Massachusetts Lodge, Free and -Vccepted Masons, Boston ; of the Roxbury Coun- cil, Royal and Select Masters : of Mt. Vernon Royal Arch Chapter ; of Joseph ^^'arren Com- mandery, Knights Templar ; and a life member of Lafayette Lodge Perfection, of Giles F. Vates Council, Princes Jerusalem, of Mt. Oli- \et Chapter, Rose Croix, and of Massachusetts Consistory, thirty-second degree. He is a mem- ber of the Baptist Church, and has been a mem- ber of the church at Newton Centre, Rev. S. F. Smith. D.I)., pastor, which he joined in 185 1 ; of the church at Alton, 111. (joined in 1854), the First Baptist Church in New York City (joined 1S60), the Dudley Street Baptist Church, Rox- bury District, Boston (1865), and the First Baptist Church, Brookline (1874). In 1868 he became a member of the Boston Baptist Social Union, rep- resenting sixty-four liaptist churches, served as director two terms, was elected vice-president in 1888 and president in 1889. During his term as president the organization took a new lease of life as a result of his energetic efforts in its behalf. In 1880 he was elected a life member of the trus- tees of Tremont Temple, Boston. He was ap- pointed justice of the peace in 1870, notary public, 1872, and commissioner for New Hamp- shire (appointed by Governor Weston) in 1876. He has been a member of the Brookline Thurs- day Club since 1874, and member of the Trade Club, Boston, for seven years, elected treasurer of the latter in 1891. Captain Sears was mar- ried in February, 1863, at Roxbury, by the Rev. Dr. RoUin H. Neale, to Miss Emily A. Faunce, daughter of Stephen and Rebecca \\. (Langley) Faunce. By this marriage were four sons : William B., Jr. (born in Roxbury District), Langley li. (Roxbury District), Harry Bowers (Roxbury District), and Stephen Faunce Sears ( Brookline). His second marriage was on Octo- ber 24, 1 88 1, by the Rev. Richard Montague, of Providence, R. I., to Miss Sadie A. Hunt, daugh- ter of Joshua and Anne (Pearce ) Hunt. By this is one son, Edward H. Sears (born September 25, 1885, at Brookline*. His present place of business is at 45 Kilby Street, Boston: and his residence. Prospect Street, Brookline. SHA\\', Enw.^RD Paysdn, of Newburyport. treasurer and receiver-general of the Common- wealth, is a native of Newburyport, born Septem- ber I, 1 84 1, son of Samuel and Abigail (Bartlet) IMK.N OF PROGRESS. 8ll Shaw, lie is a dusceiulant on llic maternal side of Richard and Mary Bartlet, long residents in Essex County, the former a brother of the Hon. William Bartlet, who was called " Jew Bartlet " on account of his wealth, which was great for his day. Mr. Shaw was educated in the public schools, and was early at work earning his own living. At the age of eighteen he was in business for himself, driving a hack, the youngest driver ever licensed in New- buryporl. He continued in that business from icS59 to 1863, when, having been industrious and frugal, he was enaliled to purchase an express business, and established " Shaw's E.xpress," run- .^' 'V E. P. SHAW. ning between Boston and Newburyport. In icSyi, after eight years of success as an expressman, he entered the wholesale Houring and produce busi- ness, becoming a member of the firm of Sumner, Swasey. iv; Currier. Kigiit years later, buying out his partners, he succeeded the firm ; and the busi- ness was continued under his name alone until 1 88 1. At about that time he began the business of running steamers on the Merrimac and other waters, and subsequently became the owner and manager of the " People's Line " of steamers on the Merrimac and also plying between Amesbury and Boston. In 1882 he received the first con- tract from the United States for building the jetty at the mouth of the Merrimac River ; and for fur- nishing the stone he opened the Newburyport quarry on the river near Chain Bridge, from which eighty thousand tons of stone for the work were taken. In 1884 he engaged in street railway en- terprises, becoming lessee of the Newburyport and Amesbury Horse Railway. This he retained for about three years, then built the Plum Island Street Railway, and became its first president. Subsequently he sold the controlling interest. In 1889 he became interested in building electric street railways, and is to-day a large owner in a number of prosperous lines. He was president of the Newburyport Board of Trade for several years, and is now president of the First National Bank of Newburyport, of which he has been a director for a long period. Mr. Shaw's public life began as a member of the Newburyport City Council, in which he served two terms. Subsequently he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and served two terms in succession, 1881-82. Six years later, 1888-89, he w\as returned, and served again two terms. He was next elected to the Senate, where he served through the sessions of 1892-93. In the latter body he was chairman of the committee on street railwavs. and in both branches he served on the committee on banks and banking, and on other important committees. He was elected to the State treasurership in May, 1895, in place of Henry M. Phillips, resigned, re- ceiving a strong indorsement for the position from his business and political associates. In politics he has been a steadfast Republican, and has oc- cupied the chairmanship of the Newburyport Re- publican committee from 1892 to 1895. He is connected with numerous fraternal organizations, being a Freemason, member of St. Mark's Lod"-e, Newburyport, and member of the order of Odd Fellows, the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Honor, the American Legion of Honor, the Knights of Pythias, and of other orders. Mr. Shaw was married December 24, 1867, to Miss •Vnnie Payson Trott. They have six children : Edward Payson, jr., .\nnie Bartlet. James Fuller- ton, Elizabeth Sumner, Samuel Jaques, and Pauline Shaw. SH1RI,E\', Ai,i..\N' Lincoln, M.I)., of East Bridgewater, is a native of Maine, born in Frye- burg, February 15, 1865, son of Franklin and F.inily (Page) Shirley. He comes of notable English and New P^ngland stock. His great- 8l2 MEN OF PROGRESS. great-grandfather, Edward Shirley, born in Burton, Devonshire, England, about the year 1743, was impressed into the military service, and came to this country just before the Revolutionary War. Disliking his impressment and sympathizing with the Revolutionists, he deserted the Royalists' ranks, and fled to General Stark, who, fearing that he would be discovered by the British, and pun- ished as a deserter, either allowed him to assist him in building his house or kept him out of sight altogether. Afterward he settled in Frye- burg, where Jonathan, the great-grandfather of Dr. Shirley, Edward, 3d, his grandfather, and A. L. SHIRLEY. Franklin, his father, were all born. In England the Shirleys were early united with the \A'ashing- tons by marriage. The statement is made that Lawrence Washington, of Gray's Inn, ancestor of George Washington, who was for some time mayor of Northampton, and in 1538 received from Henry VHI. the Manor of Sulgrave, married a daughter of Shirley, Earl Ferrars. If this is correct, Shirley blood flowed in George \\'ash- ington's veins. Elizabeth Washington, grand- daughter of Sir Lawrence Washington, of Gars- don, Wiltshire, second son of the first Lawrence, married Robert Shirley, Baron P'errars, of C'hart- \t\\ aflcrward Earl Ferrars. Dr. Shirlev's mater- nal ancestor, Cornelius Page, was probably born in Dedham, England, and came to Haverhill, Mass., not far from 1660. Colonel David Page, his great-grandson and the great-great-grand- father of Dr. Shirley, was one of the original seven men who went from Pennacook (now Con- cord, N.H.), in 1763, into the then wilderness of Maine, and settled "Seven Lots," which later be- came the village of Fryeburg. He was one of the first trustees of Fryeburg Academy in 1792, and was for many years an acting magistrate. He and others of the seven men had been in the French War with Rogers, and had participated in the daring exploits of " Rogers's Rangers" ; and in one of the Rogers lake fights he had suffered wounds in the leg from a musket-ball. Dr. Shir- ley's great-grandfather, Robert Page, his grand- father, Albion, and his mother, Emily, lived and died in Fryeburg. In this Page family the medi- cal profession has been extensively represented. Dr. Horatio N. Page, formerly of Brewer, Me., and later of Chelsea, Mass., was great-uncle of Dr. Shirley; Drs. Alpheus F. Page, of Bucksport, Me., and Samuel Bradbury, of Oldtown, Me., whose mother was a Page, were cousins to his mother ; I )r. William Page, of Brunswick, Me., was a cousin to his grandfather ; and the Hon. Iduathan Page, M.D., a practitioner in Brunswick, .Me., before any medical college had been estab- lished there, and who was also a teacher of medi- cine, frequently having a large number of stu- dents under his instruction, was a son of Colonel David Page. He was prominent in public aftairs, a State senator in 1812-20-21, member of the Constitutional Convention 1819-20; was an orig- inal member of the Maine Medical Society, and an overseer of Bowdoin College for upward of twenty years. His house in Brunswick was spa- cious, and his disposition hospitable ; and the cel- ebrated Scotch anatomist, Dr. Alexander Ramsey, who travelled through the country, giving anatom- ical lectures, carrying his specimens with him, made his headcpiarters at Dr. Page's when he lect- ured in Brunswick. Allan L. Shirley was edu- cated in the public schools of Fryeburg and at the Fryeburg Academy, from which he graduated in 1886. He took up his medical studies immedi- ately after leaving the academy. — a year and a half with Dr. D. IjOwell Lamson, of Fryeburg, a graduate of the University Medical College of New York City, and a man of rare scholarship, and then entering Bowdoin Medical College, MKN or 1' roc; K ESS 8'3 where he graduated in the spriii;,' of 1S90. Soon after entering the college he changed his residence from P'ryeburg to Portland, and in September fol- lowing his graduation left Maine, and settled in the regular practice of his profession in East iJridgewater. Taking the practice of Dr. Asa Millet (retired), he has been actively engaged there to the present time. He has been chairman of the lioard of Health for two years, and has served on the board at other times ; and he be- longs to the Village Improvement Club. In poli- tics Dr. Shirley is a Republican. He has never married. 1883, when Mr. Small withdrew, and formed a new partnership with .\. H. Matthews, under the name of Small & Matthews, for the continued manufacture of seed drills, ploughs, and also the celebrated Small's calf-feeders, of which he is the inventor and patentee. He is now engaged almost exclusively in the manufacture and sale of his calf-feeder, of which upward of twenty-two thousand have been made and sold since the patent was secured in 1884, and which is now in u.se in every State and Territory of the Union and in several foreign countries. This feeder, which is the only successful invention of its kind in the S.M.\LL, JosiAH l!.\KER, of Boston, merchant and inventor, was born in Maine, in the town of U'indham, Cumberland County, March 9, 1845, son of Gilbert and Abigail (Baker) Small, natives of Gray and Windham respectively. His grand- parents were, on the paternal side, Jeremiah and Jane (Frank) Small, and on the maternal side Benjamin and Mary (Allen) Baker. He was edu- cated in the common schools of his native town. Brought up on a farm, he was engaged in all kinds of farm work from early boyhood till the age of seventeen. Then he went to New Hampshire, and learned the trade of heating iron for forging car axles and other machinery. In March, 1866, he came to Boston, and went to work in the agricult- ural implements store of Whittemore, Belcher, & Co., where he remained two years, learning the ways of selling farmers' tools and machinery. In 1868, entering into partnership with Frank F. Holbrook (son of ex-Governor Holbrook of Ver- mont), under the firm name of F. F. Holbrook & Small, he engaged in the manufacture and sale of Holbrook's swivel ploughs, Holbrook's horse hoes, garden hand seed drills, and other specialties in farm tools. The firm continued for about two years, when another partner was admitted, and the name was changed to F., F. Holbrook & Co. The new firm added several other lines to the manu- facture and sale of the specialties which the old firm had put on the market, and continued the business until the autumn of 1873. Then it was wound up and sold out, Mr. Small purchasing the patterns and fixtures ; and the firm was dissolved. Mr. Small restarted the business alone ; but, find- ing that more capital was required to develop it to his satisfaction, he associated himself with Thomas B. Everett, under the firm name of l-A-erett & Small. This partnership continued till JOSIAH B. SMALL. w'orld, is a marvel of simplicity, and has been carried to such a degree of perfection that it has called forth thousands of unsolicited testimonials from all over the country. Many of those who use it write Mr. Small to thank him for inventing so perfect and useful an article and to wish him a long life of business prosperity. The present firm name is J. B. Small & Co., that of Small & Matthews having been dropped in 1887. In ]5olitics Mr. Small has always been a Republican. He was married first, October 19, 1870, to Miss Helen A. Smith, who died March 28, 1874, leav- ing one daughter: Hila H. Small. His second marriage was on December 24, 1879, to Miss Ada 8i4 MEN OF PROGRESS. R. Smith. .Slie died April lo, 1892, leaving one daughter : Grace A. Small. The eldest daughter is now (1895) a student at the Boston University College of Liberal Arts, in her junior year; and the youngest daughter is in a Somerville grammar school. Mr. Small resides in East Somerville. SMITH, Francis Hill, of Boston, artist, is a native of Boston, born October 15, 1842, son of Jeremiah and Martha (Hill) Smith. He is de- scended on the paternal side from one of three brothers, who came from England, and settled in New Hampshire about the year 1740. ()n the maternal side he is connected with the Hill family members of which were early merchants in Boston in the eighteenth century. His father Jeremiah Smith came to Boston in early youth. The latter was a master builder, and belonged to the old school of mechanics. He was of the best class of master builders, who in his time possessed a thorough knowledge of building in all its many parts, and understood not only construction, but FRANK HILL SMITH. the details of architecture. It was at that period a requirement that master builders should be able to lay out a building architecturally; and they were, in fact, the architects of their day. Mr. Smith was educated in the Boston public schools and at Baker's Preparatory School, now e.xtinct. He began active life as a clerk in a wholesale dry- goods store at the age of sixteen. But he had no liking or disposition for that business, and accord- ingly left soon after, and entered the office of John Thorndike, where he began the study of architecture, under the guidance of Hammatt Billings, who was at that time associated with Mr. Thorndike, and was building the Charitable Mechanic Building on Chauncy .Street. Soon after Mr. Smith, together with Alfred Bicknell and William Mark P'isher, persistently, and with ulti- mate success, pressed the trustees of the Lowell Institute to establish a life class in their art school. They then also drew from the antique in the gal- lery of the Boston Athenteum, the only opportunity at that time offered a student of artistic inclinations in Boston. Mr. Smith steadily pursued art, studied in Boston until the year 1867, when he went to I^aris, and there took up painting with architect- ure. He entered the Atelier Swiss and that of Leon Bonnat, being one of the first .\merican pupils of the latter. To Bonnat he attributes much of the disposition which he then acquired of a thoroughness in study, which is so essential in the pursuit of art. ' While in Europe, Mr. Smith made many studies of e.Kterior and interior from the many fine examples of architecture in France, Holland, and Italy, spending much time in Venice and in Northern Italy. He thus kept up a serious study of both architecture and painting, acquiring a knowledge of each which stood him in good turn in his after career, and enabled him to under- take a great variety of work. During the last twenty-five years he has built and remodelled many houses, and done much and remarkable work in the special line of interior decoration, not only in dwelling-houses, but in churches, theatres, clubs, stores, hotels, yachts, and steamboats. In artistic decoration of the latter class he has been a pioneer; and the notable work in the large steamboats of the Fall River Line, the " Puritan," "Plymouth," and " Priscilla," especially bear wit- ness to the perfection of his art. When intrusted with the designs for the interior of these steamers, he availed himself of the opportunity to institute an entire revolution in steamboat decoration by avoiding the prevailing errors with resulting vulgar display, and introducing instead a more lawful and correct style in the composition. Of MEN OK PROGRESS. 815 vachts wliich he has decorated, one, sliowing' the most elaborate work, is the schooner " Lasca," considered both on this side and in European waters one of the most complete and thoroughly appointed yachts afloat. ,\mong his decorations in public buildings, that of the new hall of the .Massachusetts House of Representatives in the State House Extension is most remarked. In the latter he has endeavored, and successfully, to treat the subject on a level with the reputation of the State. In his practice Mr. Smith has de- \oted much of his time to decoration in its best sense, striving always to avoid the tendency which he has seen prevailing in temporary fashions and in the vulgar pretence of so-called art. He has done his best to shape and control, by a lawful taste built upon the sound principh.'s of the classic in art, all work intrusted to his care. Mr. Smith was for several years a member of the Union, Papyrus, Athletic, and the old .Mlston Club, the first artists' club in Boston, and was one of the original members and organizers of the St. Botolph flub, that being the third of like character in the establishment of which he has been interested, the second being the Athenian Club, which had a brief existence. He was an original member of the School of Design con- nected with the Boston Museum of Fuie Arts, and a member later of its directing committee. In 1876 he was by appointment of Governor Rice art commissioner to the Centennial Exhibition in Phil- adelphia, and elected secretary of that group of judges. In politics he classes himself as a Repub- lican, believing strongly in the principles of the Republican party. He is an .\merican throvigh and through. He is a firm believer in work, per- sistent and serious, and wastes no time in the pur- suit of the fads of the hour. Mr. Smith has been twice married. He married first, July 25, 1874, Miss Clara Montfort Fay, of New York. She died February 16, 1881, leaving four children: Rosamond, Montfort, Francis, and Clarence Hill. He married second, April 8, 1891, Mrs. Charlotte K. Robertson, widow of James H. Robertson, of New York. They have a daughter: Mabel Hill Smith. England, and are probably connected with the Somers, of Somersetshire ; and his mother's family are distantlv connected with the late Daniel Drew SOMERS, Fk.vxk Dore.mus, of Boston, mer- chant tailor, is a native of Connecticut, born in the town of Derby, near New Haven, July 10, 1853, son of Henry and Emma (Drew) Somers. His father's familv trace their historv back to FRANK D. SOMERS. of W'all Street fame. It was on this side a long- lived race, his maternal great-grandmother living to the age of ninety-four and his grandfather to about ninety-three. Ancestors on both sides served in the Revolution, in Connecticut. I'rank I), was educated in the public schools, and at Phil- lips (Andover) Academy, where he graduated in 1S69, with an oration, and also taking one of the " Means" prizes. He was fitted for Yale College, but did not enter, preferring at once to engage in active business life. He began with his father, who was a merchant tailor, in 1870 ; and two years later took a salaried position as a cutter in a New- Haven tailor's establishment. In 1875 he came to Boston, and entered the employ of Charles A. Smith & Co. on School Street, where he remained for five years. Then in 1880 he engaged in busi- ness of fine tailoring on his own account at No. 414 Washington Street, in partnership with Curtis Brown, who was connected for many years with the musical clubs of Boston, and was largely in- strumental in bringing out Annie Gary as a singer. Within a year after this partnership was formed Mr. lirown died, and thereafter Mr. Somers con- 8i6 MEN OF I'ROGRESS. tinned the business alone. He removed to I'ark Street in 1883, and has since been established there. His business has steadily increased from year to year, until now it averages $100,000 a year. Having no tastes for clubs or society life, Mr. Somers belongs to no social organization. He is in politics an Independent Republican. He was married November 19, 1874, to Miss Harriet Parker Hervey, of Andover. They have three children : Marion (seventeen years, just en- tering Smith College), Lawrence Drew (fifteen years), and Constance Somers (thirteen years). STEVENS, George Henry, of Newburyport, city clerk, was born in Needham, April 15, 1829, son of George Gay and Harriet (Russell) Stevens. His father was a native of Needham, and a farmer; and his mother was born in a log cabin in Vermont. On both sides he is of English an- cestry. He was educated in the common schools, and at the Bridgewater State Normal School. where he spent one year, 1847, fitting for a school- teaching, which occupation he followed for about two years. He came to Newburyport in 1849, and was there first employed as a clerk in a millinery store, .\fterward he carried on a straw bleachery for a number of years. In 1870 he was elected city clerk ; and he has filled that position to the present time, serving for twenty-five consecutive years, — now in the twenty-sixth year. In May, 1864, he enlisted in the Third Unattached Com- pany, Massachusetts Infantry, as corporal, and served until August following, meanwhile having become a sergeant. After the war he was for some time attached to the Eighth Regiment, serv- ing in the several grades to first lieutenant. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, a mem- ber of St. Mark's Lodge, King Cyrus Chapter, and the Newburyport Commandery, Knights Templar; with the Odd Fellows, member of Quascacunciuen Lodge, No. 39 : and with the Grand Army of the Republic, member of Post 49. In the Masonic order he has been master of the lodge, high priest of the chapter, and recorder of the commandery from 1870 to the present time. In politics he is a Republican. He was married May 5, 1863, to Miss Abigail Piartlett Sumner, of Newburyport. They have one daughter : Jennie Sumner Stevens. GEORGE H. STEVENS. teacher. His boyhood was spent on the farm where he learned farming from his father. After leaving the normal school, he engaged in school- STRAIN, I)ANiEr. Jusiah. of Boston, artist, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Littleton, November 17, 1847, son of Daniel and Salh' (Goddard) Strain. He was educated in the public schools. His inclination toward art was early dis- played. He began with crayon work. He first opened his studio in Boston about the year 1870, and was doing good work in crayon heads of chil- dren, which in phcjtographic reproductions were becoming widely popular, when he concluded to go abroad, and perfect himself in all branches of art. He studied in Paris under J. Lefebvre and G. Boulanger from 1877 to 1884, spending his sum- mers in sketching trips in Holland, Belgium, and .Spain, and exhibited his later work while there in the Salon of 1881, 1882, and 1883. His first .Salon picture, " Les Deux Amis." was subsequently published in an etching by him. Upon his return to this country he reopened his studio in Boston, and has since done much notable work in por- traits and ,i;i'/irt\ Among his notable portraits are : General N. P. Banks, which now hangs in the City Hall at W'altham ; Governor John B. Smith, the Hon. E. H. Rollins, and Captain George MEN OK PROGRESS. 817 II. Perkins, U.S.N., all of wiiich iiaiig in the State C'apitiil at C'oncord, N.H.; and John (). Whittier, now in I )anveis, Mass. Mr. Strain is a member DANIEL J. STRAIN. of the Boston Art, and Paint and Clay clubs. He married July 13, 1869, Miss Dora I,. .Vdams, of Wilbraham. SWIFT, Marcu,s Georce Baricer, of Fall River, me]iiber of the bar, is a native of Michi- gan, born in Raisin township, "'(Quaker \'alley," Lenawee County, March 12, 1848, son of the Rev. Orson Ross Swift, M.D., and Mary Elizabeth ( P.arker) Swift. At the age of six years he was bereft, by death, of a mother's care; and his father survived her decease only two years. He and a younger sister (now Mrs. James A. Dubuar, wife of a lumber manufacturer in Northville, Mich.) were then taken in charge by his grandfather, the Rev. Marcus Swift, and his uncle, John Marcus Swift, M.D., in whose households the orphaned children received the tenderest care and most ex- cellent training. He is of good New England Revolutionary stock. One of his great-grand- fathers, John Swift, first of Connecticut, and then of New York, was a private in the Continental ami)-, antl a brigadier-general of New York troops in the War of 18 12, killed at Fort George ; and another great-grandfather, Weaver Osborn, first of Rhode Island and then of New York, was also a Revolutionary soldier. His early education was obtained in the public schools of Wayne County, Michigan ; and he received a collegiate training at Adrian College (preparatory), and at the University of Michigan, from the law depart- ment of which he was graduated in March. 1872. Much of his early youth was spent in hard work on the farm, until he was sixteen. During the latter part of the Civil War he joined the Union army, enlisting in September, 1864, as a private in Company F", Fourth Michigan Infantry : and he served until June, 1866. Upon his return home he resumed his studies, and soon began reading law in the city of Detroit. He read first in the office of Newberry, Pond, & Brown, and then with F. H. Canfield, and, entering the law school of the University of Michigan, was duly graduated as above stated. During a part of the time he was studying he, as many others have done, taught school, and engaged in other work, as a means of self-support. He was admitted to the bar in the Supreme Court of Michigan in 1872, and began practice in the office of Hoyt Post, Detroit, who was at that time the official reporter of Supreme Court decisions. 'I'here he remained for about a year, when he removed to Gratiot County, Saginaw Valley. In December, 1874, he came to Massachusetts, and established himself in Fall River, where he has since been en- gaged in active practice. He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in January, 1875. In 1876 he became associated in business with Judge H. K. Braley, forming the firm of Braley & Swift, which was one of the leading law firms of Bristol County for many years and until the appointment of Judge Braley to the bench of the Superior Court in February, 189 1. 'After the dissolution of the old firm Mr. Swift associated with himself, under the firm name Swift & Grime, the present city solicitor of Fall River, George Grime. In politics Mr. Swift is a Republican, but not a seeker after office. While in Miciiigan, he was town clerk of Plymouth township during the first year after at- taining his majority. In Fall River he has been a member of the School Committee six years. He is connected with the Masonic fraternity, the Odd Fellows, and the Grand .Army of the Republic. In religious faith he is a Congregationalist, a member of the First Congregationalist Church of F'all River. Mr. Swift was married December 25, 8iS MEN OF PROGRESS. 1872, to Miss Mary Duncan Milne, youngest daughter of tlie Rev. Alexander and Eliza Ann (Osborn) Milne. Six children were born to them : Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. After attending one course of lectures there, he returned to Vermont, and finished in the medical department of the University of Vermont, taking three courses, and receiving his degree of M.D. in 1865. From 187 1 to 1874 he was surgeon on the Northern Pacific Railroad ; from 1875 to 1877 health officer of the city of Burlington, Vt. ; in 1877 medical director of the Grand Army of the Republic, department of \'ermont ; and from 1875 to 1878 assistant surgeon of the Vermont Volunteer Militia. In October, 1878, he moved from Piurlington to Boston, and has since been actively engaged in professional work in the latter city. From 1S82 to 1885, he was adjunct professor of anatomy in the medical department of Ver- mont University. He is now professor of anat- omy and secretary of the Tufts College Medical School. He is also medical examiner in chief of the New England Commercial Travellers' Asso- ciation, and medical examiner for Boston of the Commercial Travellers' Mutual Accident Associa- tion of America. Dr. Thayer has been a frequent writer on medical topics, and is at present as- MARCUS C. B. SWIFT. James Marcus (now a senior in the University of Michigan), Orson Alexander (killed in a railroad collision January 31, 1894), John Tuttle, ?ililne Barker, Mabel Antoinette, and Anna Osborn Swift (the last four in school in Fall River). > THAYER, Charles P.^ink, M.D., of Boston, is a native of Vermont, born in West Randolph, January 22, 1843, son of -Samuel White and Sarah Linn (Pratt) Thayer. His ancestors were from Massachusetts ; and he is a lineal descendant of John Alden of " Mayflower " fame, whose Bible, wliich the Puritan brought from Enghmd, printed in London in 1599, is in his possession. His early education was acquired in the common school, academy, and High School. He entered the University of Vermont at ]iurlington in Sep- tember, i860, and remained a year, when he enlisted in the Thirteenth Regiment, \'ermont Volunteer hifantry, and served in the Civil War. sociate editor of the Atlantic Medical Weekly. Upon the completion of this service he took up While in Vermont, he prepared the Vermont Med- the study of medicine, first at the College of ical Register, published in 1877. HeisaniL-mber CHARLES p. THAYER. MEN OF PROGRESS. 819 of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and is connected with numerous fraternal and other organizations ; member of the order of Elks, Hartford (Conn.) Lodge; of the Burlington Com- uiandery, Knights Templar ; of the Grand Army of the Republic, Gettysburg Post, No. 91, Boston ; of the Vermont Associates ; the Vermont Veterans' Association ; and the White Mountain Commer- cial Travellers' Association, of which he was the second president. lished by this association. In politics he is a Re- l^ublican. He is prominent in the Masonic order, being a member of Mt. Olivet Lodge, of .St. .\n- THOMAS, Chari.es Hoi.t, M.I)., of Cam- bridge, was born in New Bedford, August 26, 1S50, son of James B. and .\raminta D. (Taber) 'I'homas. His father was a son of Samuel Thomas, a ship-builder on the Kennebec River, Me., and brother of Captain Joseph B. Thomas, liie Standard Sugar Refinery millionaire ; and his mother was daughter of Captain Reuben Taber, a sea-captain of Fairha\en. He was educated in the public schools of New Bedford and at East- man's Business College of Poughkeepsie, N.Y. He went to sea in early life, then served one year in the Lhiited States navy on the steamer " Monongahela," and was wrecked at Santa Croi.x, W.L, in an earthquake in 1867. The same year he was honorably discharged from the service. He was ne.\t a train despatcher on the Reading Railroad at Belmont, Penna., later served as telegraph operator on the French cable at Du.x- bury for eleven years, and for the succeeduig five years was connected with the Associated Press in Boston. \\'hile in the latter service, in 1883 he began to prepare for a medical career, studying after "good-night" in the telegraph office. In 1885 he entered the Medical School of Boston University, and graduated with high honors in 1888, in a class of forty-three, of which he was class president. He began practice in Cam- bridge innnediately after graduation, and was not slow in building up a large business. He became one of the most successful homoiopathic practi- tioners in the eastern part of Massachusetts, and has achieved such a reputation that he is called to neighboring cities and towns as consulting physician in critical cases. In 1895 he was ap- pointed instructor in sanitary science and hygiene in the Boston University Medical School. He is secretary of the Alumni Association of the Boston University Medical School, and business man- ager of the Biilktiii of Medkal Iiistrucfion pub- CHAS. H. THOMAS. drew's Royal Arch Chapter, and Boston Com- mandery. Knights Templar ; is a past grand of Dunster Lodge, Charles River Encampment Odd Fellows ; and member also of several other secret societies. Dr. Thomas was married November 17, 1877, to Miss J. Leona Winsor, of Duxbury. They have had three children, only one of whom is now living;: Will K. S. Thomas. TILDEN, Frank Elmer, M.D., of Easton, is a native of Easton, born April 13, 1853, son of Francis and Alvera Morton (White) Tilden. He is a lineal descendant in the seventh generation of Nallianiel Tilden, who came from England to Scit- uate in 1634. The Tildens of England are an an- cient Kentish family, which dates its origin from Sir Richard Tylden, who came over from Nor- mandy after William the Conqueror, and was sub- sequently a crusader with Richard Cieur de Lion. On the maternal side Dr. Tilden is descended from General Richard Gridley, of Bunker Hill fame. He was educated in the common and high schools of Easton, and studied for his profession at 820 MEN OF PROGRESS. (< the Harvard ated in 1876 follow iiifr, in 4 Medical School, where he was gradu-- man. He obtained his early education in the dis- He began practice in the autumn trict schools, and fitted for Dartmouth College at his nati\e town, where he has since the Milford (N.H.) High School. But he took his collegiate course at Colby, where he graduated in 1875 with the degree of .\.B., four years later re- ceiving the degree of A.M. After his graduation he taught for two years in institutions in New Jersey, and three years in the High School at Peterborough, N.H., meanwhile studying medi- cine with a preceptor at Jaffrey, N.H. Subse- iSC ^Md^ ^^^V quently he took the regular medical course at the University of the City of New \ork, and gradu- ated M.D. in March, 1882. During the re- mainder of that year and until September of the ne.xt year he practised with ! )r. E. H. Stevens, of Cambridge. Then, establishing himself in Lex- ington, he opened his own office, and became at once engaged in active practice there. He also took an active interest in Lexington town matters, and has served on various committees for drain- age and water supply and some time on the School Committee. He is a councillor of the Massachusetts Medical Society, one of the exec- utive committee of the (.)lcl Belfrv Club of Lex- FRANK E. TILDEN. been actively engaged. He has written valuable papers on "An Epidemic of Diphtheria in Easton in 1S90-91 " and "The Medical Profession in Easton," and has displayed his interest in town matters in many ways. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and is connected with the order of Odd Eellows, member of the Electric Lodge of Brockton. In politics he is a Republican, and has ser\ed as secretary of the Easton Republican town committee for several years. Dr. Tilden was married No\ember 12, 1S84, to Miss Ellen Louise Leonard. They have had two children: Frank (iridley (deceased) and Annie Frances Tilden. ^^ ^ TILTON, JosiAH Odin, M.D., of Lexington, is a native of Maine, born in Limerick, July 29, 1853, son of Jeremiah I), and Abigail S. (Freeze) Tilton. He is descended from the Tiltons early settlers in Kensington, N.H. His paternal grand- parents kept tavern in Deerfield, N.H., for a num- ber of years ; and his father was a Baptist clergy- J. O. TILTON. ington, a member of the Appalachian Mountain Club, a Freemason, and a member of the .\n- cient Order of Lhiited Workmen, serving the last MEN or PROGRESS. 82 I iiicntionccl as cxaiiiiniiiij physician. In politics he is a steadfast RepubHcan. Dr. Tilton was married first. April 30. 1884, to Miss Hattie A. P'rench, daughter of H, K. j'rench, of Peterbor- ough, N.H. She died October 24. 1886, leaving one child : Henry O. Tilton. He married second, October 31, 1894, Miss Florence Gardner Strat- ton, of Concord, N.H. TOHKV, Georck Lurinc, M.D., of Lancaster, is a native of Maine, born in Machiasport, June 17, 1853, son of Samuel and \ancv B. (Robin- GEO. L. TOBEY. son) 'J'obey. He was educated in the public schools and at Washington Academy, East Machias. He began active life when a boy of lifteen as a clerk in the office of his brother, H. N. I'obey. Here he remained for most of the time until 1873, when he went to Boston, and en- tered the employ of Cobb Brothers, Roxbury Dis- trict, grocers. After two years there he engaged in business, on his own account, entering into part- nership with L. E. Quint, under the firm name of Quint & Tobey, grocers. Not long after, decid- ing to take up the study of medicine, he sold out his business, and entered the classical institute, Waterville, Me. He graduated from the Bowdoin College Medical School in June, 1879, and imme- diately began practice, settled in Shrewsbury, Mass. He remained there a year and a half, and then removed to Lanca.ster, where he has since been established. He has been a member of the Board of Health of the town since 1883. and for some time on the staff of the Clinton Hospital. He is one of the censors of the Massachusetts Medical Society, Worcester District, and is a member also of the .American Medical .Associa- tion, of the Worcester Medical -Association, the Clinton Medical Association, and the Massachu- setts Association of 13oards of Health. He was a member of the School Board of Lancaster from 1889 to 1894. His club affiliations are with the Clinton and Lancaster .Athletic .As.sociation. Dr. 'J'obey was married July 14, iSSo. to Miss .Abigail .A. Grant, of Machiasport. Me. They have three children: George L., Jr.. (kiy Davis, and Harold (Irant Tobev. TOWER, Lkvi Lincoln, of Boston, merchant, was born in Cunnnington, Hampshire Countv, October 15, 1826, son of David and Alcey (Dean) 'I'ower. He is descended in the eighth generation from John Tower, born in the parish of Hingham, Norfolk, England, wjio came to New England, and settled in New Hingham in 1637. and in 1638-39 married Margaret librook in Charlestown, who was also born in England, and came to Hingham with her father. His mother was a daughter of Dr. John Dean, of .North .Adams. He was educated in the common school, which he attended three months in the year, and at Drewey .Academy, North .Adams, studying there two terms, meanwhile working at .Alpheus Smith's Tavern in North .Adams for his board. This was supplemented by e.xcellent home train- ing, and diligent reading of the Pittsfield Si/n, published once a week. He remained on the farm with his parents, seven brothers, and one sister, till his twentieth year. Then he took a situation as a teacher in a district school at Shel- burne Falls : but, before the term opened, his brother Stephen .\., at that time at work in Bos- ton, found a place for him there, and accordingly he procured a substitute, and came to the city. From that time Boston has been his home, and he has been an active Boston business man during the entire period of half a century. He began business with the tirm of Cutter, Tower, 822 MEN OF PROGRESS. & Co., stationers, of whicli he is now the only surviving partner, his associates in the firm — James M. Cutter, Stephen A. Tower (his brother), and Isaac L. Kidder — having all died some years ago. As early as 1S49 a branch house was estab- lished in New York, and during the Civil War and some time after the firm also had branch houses in Chicago and in Providence, R.I. The latter, however, were closed out some time ago ; but the New York and Boston houses have been steadily maintained since their establishment, the Boston house being the principal one. Mr. Tower's brother, Stephen A., was in charge of the New York house from its opening in 1S49 till his death, February 13, 1S83 ; and since that time it has been conducted under the name of the Tower Manufacturing and Novelty Company, of which Mr. Tower is the president. This company was organized under the laws of New York, and is managed by D. A. Tower, son of Mr. Tower's brother, David Tower, who was taken into the New York house direct from his father's farm, when a lad of fifteen, in about the year i860, and there received his business train- L. L. TOWER. ing under the direction of his uncles, Stephen A. and L. L. Tower. Upon the death of S. A. Tower he was made treasurer and manager, his present position. The Boston house is now conducted under the name of the Cutter-Tower Company, the old firm having been incorporated under the laws of Massachusetts in 1878, with L. L. Tower as president, which office he has held ever since. This house has charge of the manufacturing of the patented goods and specialties of the two companies, which they own and control, some of which are known and used all over the world, notably the rubber head pencil, patented by Mr. Tower in 1852 ; the barometer inkstand, sold largely during the Civil \\'ar, and adopted by the government in its principal offices: the bank pen- holder of cork and wood (patented by L. L. Tower, February 21, 1888); Tower's multiple.x rubber ; the compressed, rounded, pointed, and polished wood tooth-picks, made after twenty years' e.\perimenting ; and various other popular articles, all (if which rank the highest of their class. Mr. Tower has been prominent for many years in the Methodist Episcopal Church, holding numerous positions. From 1S62 to 1869 he was superintendent of the Sunday-school of the Har- vard .Street Methodist Episcopal Church in Cam- bridge, and also trustee, steward, and class leader of the same society till he moved to Somerville. In the latter place he was superintendent of the Webster Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church (now the First Methodist Episcopal Church, Union Square) for about six years, and presi- dent of the board of trustees and steward of the church till his removal in 1892 to Mt. Ida, Newton, his present place of residence. In New- ton he is now connected with the Newton Cor- ner Methodist Episcopal church, in which he also holds the office of steward. The presidency of the board of trustees, which was offered and pressed upon him, he was obliged to decline on account of advancing years and his many business responsibilities. He has been attached to the church since his childhood, when he was of the Sunday-school infant class taught by a sister of the Hon. Henry L. Dawes, in the old meeting- house on Meeting-house Hill in Cununington, near the home of the poet Bryant. Mr. Tower was married September 15, 1852, to Miss Sophronia M. Thayer, daughter of Timothy and Morandy Thayer, of Windsor, a descendant, through her mother, of Peregrine White. They have had seven children : Emma Thayer, Ann Adella, Ada Eliza, George Martin, Lillian Estella, Walter Lin- coln, and Edith Mabel Tower.' MEN OF PROGRESS. 82 3 TRAIN. Samuel Putnam, of Boston, manu- facturer, was born in Boston, May 23, 1848, son of SanuiL'l F. and Frances G. (Glover) Train. He America coming from Hull, Kngland, and on the maternal side of Scotcii. The family settled in Canada. His grandfather on his mother's side bore the good Scotch name of Duncan Cameron, and his grandmother was Jane Conroy, of St. John's. He was educated in public and private schools ; and his training for active life was in the printing-office, his father being a publisher and job printer. In 1868, when he had attained his majority, he began the study of mechanical draughting, and for several years after practised it in Washington, D.C, where he was for a time one of the head draughtsmen in the United States Patent Office. In 1876 he resigned this position, and went to Europe to study painting, having de- termined to follow the painter's life. He remained abroad seven years, studying and i^ainting in Munich, Venice, Florence, and Rome, and upon his return in 1882 settled in Boston, and opened a studio in West Street. Three years later, upon his marriage, he made his home in Salem, where he has since resided. He has, however, continued his main studio in Boston, being now' established in the Grundmann Studio Building, Back i'.av. SAMUEL P. TRAIN. was educated in the Roxbury schools, finishing at the Ro.xbury Latin School in 1864. He began business with Grant, Warren, & Co., paper manu- facturers and importers of paper-makers' supplies, immediately after leaving the Latin School, and has been connected with the house through the various changes of the firm up to the present time; namely, H. M. Clark & Co., Thompson, Twombly, & Co., Twombly & Co., Train, Hos- ford, & Co., and last (in 1880), as now, Train, Smith, & Co. Colonel Train was a member of the staff of Governor John D. Long for three years as quartermaster-general, with the rank of colonel. He is a member of the Union, the F^astern Nacht, the Country, and the Athletic clubs. In politics he has always been a Keinib- lican, Mr. Train is unmarried. TURNER, Ross Sterling, of Boston and ross turner. Salem, artist, was born in New York, at Westport, Essex County, June 29, 1847, son of David and During the winter months he teaches in his Bcs- Kliza |. (Cameron) Turner. On the paternal ton studio, and he is also an instructor in water side he is of English descent, his ancestors in colors in the Massachu.setts Institute of Tech- 824 MEN OF PROGRESS. nology. I\fr. Turner's paintings cover a consider- able range of subjects, — marine, landscape, archi- tectural, and ideal work, the latter embracing some important studies in ancient marine archi- tecture, almost all of these in water colors, although he uses oils as well. A large marine moonlight done in oils was at the Chicago Expo- sition. At present Mr. Turner is engaged upon some large water-color marine subjects, embracing the picturesque era of ship-building from 1492 to 1700, a field as yet little explored and painted. In the municipal election of December, 1X94, he was elected a member of the Board of Al- dermen of Salem. He is a member of the Bos- ton Art Club, the Salem Club, the Manchester Yacht Club, and one of the board of government of the Art Club and of the Boston Art Students' Association. He was married May 28, 1884, to Miss Emma Louise Blaney. of Boston. They have three children: Sterling (born in Salem, August 3, 1885), Cameron (born in Salem. Febru- ary 22, 1893), and Ruth '['in-ner (born in Salem, November 10, 18941. W. ORISON UNDERWOOD. UNDERWOOD, Willia.m Orison, of Lynn, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Newton, May 5, 1 86 1, son of (leneral Adin B. Underwood and Jane Lydia (Walker) Underwood. He is a direct descendant of Joseph I'nderwood, who came to Hingham in 1637. His grandfather. General Orison Underwood, was appointed briga- dier-general of Massachusetts militia by Gover- nor John Davis in 1841. His father, General .\. B. Underwood, distinguished through his nota- ble service in the Civil \N'ar. practised law before going to the war, first as a partner of Henry P. Staples, afterward Judge Staples, and then in partnership with the late Charles R. Train. Mr. Underwood was educated in the Newton public schools, fitting for college in the High School, and at Harvard, where he was graduated in the class of 1S84. He prepared for his profession at the Harvard Law School, and later at the Boston University Law School, reading also as a student in the law office of Hyde. Dickinson, & Howe. He was admitted to the bar in July. 1886, and began practice the following autumn in partner- ship with his father, under the firm name of Underwood & Underwood. Upon the death of his father in January, 1888, he gave up his office, and associated himself with Benjamin N. John- son, subsequently forming the firm of Johnson & Underwood. This partnership continued un- changed till the autumn of 1894 when Robert P. Clapp was admitted, and the name changed to Johnson, Clapp, & Underwood. Mr. Underwood has always conducted a general practice, doing more or less court work. He has been connected with a number of cases of more than ordinary in- terest, notably several concerning shore rights and early beach titles. He is a member of the L'nion and E.vchange cluljs, Boston, of the Loyal Legion, and of the ( ).\ford Club of Lynn, where he resides. Mr. Underwood was married 1 )ecember 18, 1886, to Miss Bessie V. Shoemaker, of Phila- delphia. WA rp^RM.\N, Frank Sfurtevant, of Boston, undertaker, was born in Roxbury, September 18, 1862, son of Joseph Samson and Sarah Patten (Huse) Waterman. (For ancestry, see Waterman. (}eorge Huse.) He was educated in the public schools, graduating from the Washington Gram- mar School and at Bryant & Stratton's Commer- cial College. He entered his father's business immediately upon leaxing school, and has steadily been engaged in this business since, having been admitted to partnership in 1879, when the firm was composed of his father and brother George MKN ()!■■ ]'R0(;RESS. «25 II. After his father's death in 18(^3 the business was continued hv the brothers without change of lirni name. Mr. Waterman was a member of the son of Joseph Samson and Sarah fatten niuse) Waterman. He is a descendant from old New England families settling in this country in 1629. His great-great-grandfather, Dependence Sturte- vant Waterman, was an officer in the Revolution- ary War, and served at the battle of Hunker Hill. His grandmother, Lucy Waterman, died at Hali- fax, Mass., November 15, 189 i, aged one hundred and one years and seven months. He was edu- cated in the Roxbury public schools, graduating from the Washington C}rannnar School in 1870, and spending one year in the High School. After leaving school, he went to work for his father, who established the business, still carried on, in 1859, and in 1876 became a member of the firm of Joseph S. Waterman & Son. In 1879 his brother Frank was admitted, and the firm name was changed to Joseph S. Waterman & Sons. Since the death of the father. I'ebruary 2, 1893, the two brothers have continued the business under the old firm name. They now do the largest un- dertaking business in New England, and own by far the most extensive retail plant. Mr. Water- man was president of the Massachusetts I'nder- FRANK S. WATERMAN. Massachusetts militia from 1S83 to i88g, serving in Company D, First Regiment, Ro.xbury City (niard. During this period he acted as clerk and treasurer of the company, and was also sergeant at the time of the expiration of his service. He be- longs to the various Masonic societies, including the Knights Temijlar. and is a thirty-second de- gree Mason. He is also an Odd Fellow, a mem- ber of the Knights of Pythias, the Royal .\rcanum. and the Ancient Order of Inited Work- men, member of the Dudley Association (of which he was vice-president in 1895), member of the Undertakers' Associations of New England and Massachusetts, and of the Ro.xbury Club. In politics he is a Republican. He was married September 10, 1888, to Miss Hatlie S. Torrey. They ha\e two children : Frank S., Jr., and Lucy Waterman. The daughter was named for her great-grandmother, who lived to be one lumdred and two years old, and died the year the former was born. WATERMAN, Gf.ori;e Husk, of Boston, un- dertaker, was born in Roxbury, June 27. 1855, GEORGE H. WATERIV1AN. takers' Association in 189 1 and 1892, and remains a leading member of that organization. He is prominent in the Masonic order and a Knight Tern- 826 MEN OF PROGRESS. plar, having reached the thirty-second degree, and in the order of Odd Fellows : and belongs also to the Knights of Honor, the Royal Arcanum, the United Workmen, and the Red Men. He has served in the State militia, as member of Company D, First Regiment, from 1876 to 1879, and subse- quently as a member of the National Lancers. His club affiliations are with the Boston Athletic, the Roxbury, and the Dorchester clubs. In poli- tics he is a Republican. He was married April 2, 1884, to Miss Pamelia A. Cutter. They have four children : Joseph Samson, Charles Cutter, Alice Antoinette, and George H. Waterman, |r. WATERMAN, Thomas, M.D., of Boston, was born in Boston, December 17, 1842, son of Thomas and Joanna (Towle) Waterman. He is in the eighth generation from Robert W'aterman, one of two brothers (Robert and Thomas) who emigrated from England to this country in 1636. The former settled in Roxbury. One of the de- scendants of Robert was one of the thirty original founders of Norwich, Conn. His great-grand- father, Silas Waterman, with others, went up the Connecticut River, and founded the town of Lebanon, N.H., in 1761. His grandfather. Colonel Thomas Waterman, was an influential man in his section. His father, Thomas Water- man, born in Lebanon, X.H., in September, 179 i, died in Boston, February 27, 1875, came to Bos- ton in 1817, was in mercantile business, and later a bank official for many years, and was prominent in the Masonic order as an efficient secretary of several organizations for nearly fifty years. Dr. Waterman received his early education in the Brimmer Grammar School, and prepared for college at the Boston Latin School. He gradu- ated at Harvard College in 1864, and received the degree of A.M. in 1868. He studied medicine under Professor Jeffries Wyman at Cambridge, and took four courses of lectures at the Harvard Medical School, graduating as M.D. in 1868. While in the medical school, he held the office of vice-president of the Boylston Medical Society during the year 1867-68. He spent the summer of 18^4, after his graduation from the college, in Virginia at City Point and at the front as relief agent of the United States Sanitary Commission. For three months during 1866 he was acting house officer at the Boston City Hospital : and from 1867 to 1868 he was house surgeon in the Massachusetts General Hospital, He began the regular practice of medicine in Boston, immedi- ately after his graduation from the medical school in 1868, and has since been actively engaged, holding numerous positions in various institutions, hi March, 1869, he was appointed to the staff of physicians of the Dearborn Branch of the Boston Dispensary, and held that position until the clos- ing of this branch. In August, 1870, he was ap- pointed surgeon to St. Joseph's Home; in Janu- ary, 187 1, physician to the central office of the Boston Dispensary, and in 1874 surgeon to the Boston Dispensar)-, which position he held for ten years, at the end of that period declining a reap- pointment. In July, 1881, he was elected examin- ing physician to the Board of Directors of Public Institutions of the City of Boston ; and he has since continued in that office, under the Board of Commissioners which succeeded the Board of Di- rectors. His duties as examining physician have included the examination of most of the insane of Suffolk County, and he has served for a number of years as medical expert in such cases before the courts. In 1869 he was made medical examiner of the North-western Life Insurance Company, and later became medical examiner in Boston for the Home Life Insurance Company of New York. At the organization of the Masonic Equitable Accident Association of Boston, in January, 1892, he was elected medical director, and has continued in that office to the present time. He is also medical director of the Boston Masonic Mutual Benefit Association and of the North-western Masonic Aid Association of Chicago. He was in- structor in comparative anatomy and physiology in Harvard I'niversity for the academic year of 1873-74, and assistant in anatomy in the Harvard Medical School for three years, from 1879. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society (elected a councillor in May, 1881), of the Suffolk District Medical Society (elected one of the censors in 1S74), of the Boston Society of Medical Sciences (one of the original members), and of the Boston Society for Medical Improve- ment. He has been a member of the committee on mammals of the Boston Society of Natural History since 1870, having previously served for a short time as curator of mammals and compara- tive anatomy, which office was subsequently abolished. Dr. Waterman has held high place in the Masonic fraternity, which he joined in 1864, and ranks with its most prominent members. He MEN OK I'ROCiRESS. 827 is especially noted as a correct ritualist and a powerful actor in the more dramatic Masonic grades. After holdint; the various subordinate positions, he has served as worshipful master of Zetland I^odge, high priest of St. .Vndrew's Royal Arch Chapter, most excellent grand high jiriest of ihe (Irand Royal Arch Chapter of Massachusetts, grand lecturer of the Grand Lodge of Masons in Massachusetts, and connnander-in-chief of Massa- chusetts Consistory, thirty-second degree, and a so\'ereign grand inspector-general of the thirtv- ihiid and last degree of the Ancient .Vccepled .Scottish Rite, lieiug so crowned at Cincinnati. THOMAS WATERMAN. ( )hio, in 18S3. He was an original nicnilK-r of .Mcpjio Temple of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nunbar, as a founder of that publication, which made a most spirited start. In January, 1886, when the Advertiser passed into control of new hands, and its policy was changed, Mr. Bacon retired, and in May. that year, was made chief editor of the 15oston Post, when that paper was purchased by a num- ber of gentlemen known in politics as Indepen- dents. Under his editorship the J'ost addressed itself to the best citizens in the community as a journal of the first class, — independent in politics, and fair and candid in its discussion of public questions. In the autumn of 1891, when the control of the property was sold, Mr. Bacon retired ; and he has since been engaged in general journalistic and literary work. For many years he was the writer of the lioston letter to the Springfield Repiil'lieaii, and earlier in his career a special correspondent for several West- ern journals and for the New York Hve/iiiig Post. As a chief editor he has always been identified with independent journalism. Mr. Bacon has compiled several books on Boston, edited numer- ous publications, and written more or less for the press upon local historical topics. He is the author of " Bacon's Dictionary of Boston " (Houghton, Mifflin, & Co., 1886), the editor of " P.oston Illustrated" (Houghton, Mifflin, & Co.), and has in press two books on the neighborhood of Boston and historic New England. Mr. Bacon was married on October 24, 1867, at Somerville, to Miss Gusta E. Hill, daughter of Ira and Han- nah Hill. They have one daughter : Madeleine L. Bacon. Committee for several years and as treasurer for 1889-91. He was a member of the State Senate for the Eighth Suffolk District in 1893, when he served on the committee on the judiciary, and was chairman of the committee on bills in the third reading. He drew the bill providing for the pay- ment by the county of counsel for defending per- sons charged with murder, and secured its pa.s- sage. Mr. Baker is a Freemason, a member of the Revere Lodge, and of St. .\ndrew's Chapter, and De Molay Commandery. Knights Templar, a Knight of Pythias, and a memiier of tiie .society of Royal (iood Fellows ; and he belongs to the HERBERT L. BAKER. BAKER, Herhkrt Leslie, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in l'"ahnouth, .Vugust 9, 1859, son of Gideon Howe and ( )li\e Elizabeth (Crowell) Baker. He was educated in the public schools and at Boston University, where he grad- uated in June, 1884. He was admitted to the bar immediately after graduation from college, and has been in active practice since, giving especial attention to mercantile and corporation interests. He is now president and director of the Plym- outh Foundry Company, director of the Plymouth Stove Company, and a director of several other corporations. In politics he is a Republican, and has served on the Ward Twenty-two Republican Highland Club and the Winthrop Yacht Club. He was married October 22, 1885. to Miss Mary Alice Handy. They have three boys : Edward • Leslie, Herbert Allison, and .\rnold Brooks Baker. B.VKER, JuHX I., of Beverly, was born .Vugust 16, 18 1 2. in the old town (now city) of Beverly, with whose interests he has been closely identified during all of his long life, and of which he is now its first mayor, chosen by the unanimous vote of its citizens. He is the son of Joseph and Lucy ( Bisson ) Baker. I'he immigrant ancestor of his father was John Baker, who came from Norwich, 838 MEN OF PROGRESS. England, to Ipswich, Mass., in 1635. And the original Bisson immigrant was Joshua, from Trin- ity Parish, in the Isle of Jersey, coming to Beverly some time before 1680. John I. Baker left school at twelve and a half years of age, first served in storekeeping, but soon learned a shoemaker's trade, and worked at that and in manufacturing for several years. He was also engaged in rubber manufacturing, and did much as surveyor and arbitrator, and in the settlement of estates. He was early and always interested in public affairs. He was town clerk when twenty-three years old, and for nearly twenty years thereafter, serving half of that time also as selectman. He was chosen count)' commissioner in 1847-50-53; was representative in the General Court in 1840, and between that year and 1884 served eighteen years, in eight of which he, as senior member, called the house to order and presided during its organization: and was in the Senate in 1863 and 1864; in the Council with Governor Banks in i860, and with Governor .\ndrew in the stirring times of 1861. He was in close relation with the former in helping settle the Rhode Island boundary question and other important matters under his administration, and was in intimate and active co-operation with the latter, fitting out all the Massachusetts troops during the first year of the war ; and in all its subsequent years, through all of (Governor .\ndrew's administrations, continued in close fellowship with him. Mr. Baker has for more than a half-century served with most of the public men of Massachusetts, and enjoyed much of their confidence and good will. He has also received kindly consideration from the governors of the Commonwealth. He was appointed ju.stice of the peace by Governor Everett in 1838, and has been continuously reappointed. Governor Briggs made him a special railroad commissioner in 1845, under a law professedly designed to re- lieve the legislature from the numerous applica- tions for railroad charters, the effort being to compel all such applications to be made to these railroad commissioners ; but, this being considered too restrictive of popular rights, compromise was effected, and the bill made merely permissive, in which shapes it was practically inoperative, and was soon repealed. Governor Banks appointed him inspector of Rainsford Island Hospital in i860. Governor Andrew made him inspector- general of fish in 1865, in which office he was suc- ceeded by General Cogswell, when, at the urgent request of Governor Bullock, he accepted the posi- tion of State liquor commissioner in 1866, which he held without criticism so long as the law con- tinued. In 1883 Governor Butler appointed him to his present position as harbor and land com- missioner. He was reappointed in 1886 by Gov- ernor Robinson, in 1889 by Governor Ames, in 1892 by Governor Russell, and in 1895 by Gov- ernor Greenhalge. In his legislative life Mr. Baker has served on about all the important com- mittees, and has held pronounced opinions on the important questions of the day. He partici- pated in the early movement for the development JOHN I. BAKER. of the Back Bay in Boston and also of the South fSoston Flats, and has often aided in legislation designed to promote those interests ; and he now serves on a board which has had each of those enterprises in charge. He was identified with the legislation for railroads very early, and helped promote their progress, serving often on the rail- road committees ; and, while chairman of the com- mittee on the part of the house in 1869, he succeeded in getting passed the act establishing a board of railroad commissioners, substantially as the board now existing. From the start to the finish, he was a believer in and supporter of what Governor Andrew well called "the trrand enter- MEN OF PROGRESS. 839 prise of tunut-lling the Hoosac Mountain." His interest in the cause of education and in all humanitarian causes has been constant and con- tinuous. At home he is connected with many brotherhood organizations. He is president of Liberty Masonic Association, which has recently increased the size of its valuable block. He was president of the Bass River Association, which built the well-planned and roomy Odd Fellows' lilock. He was chairman of the committee w'hich built the spacious and ele!j;anl First liaptist Church. And, as to the public works of his city, he has been prominent in them all. Karly in life Mr. Baker was active in promoting the twin re- forms of temperance and anti-slavery, and for more than half a century he has been a pro- nounced teetotaler prohibitionist and abolitionist. He was secretary of the convention at Worcester in 1854, called to organize the first Republican party in Massachusetts, and was associated with Charles Sumner, John A. Andrew, Francis W. Bird, the brothers Pierce, and other pioneer anti- slavery politicians, in maintaining a Republican organization in the memorable Know Nothing Campaign of 1854. And in the Rockwell and Fremont campaigns he was also active, and was one of those that helped on the union which made N. P. Banks governor in 1857, and earnestly aided in the nomination and election of John A. Andrew as governor in i860. And so he con- tinued in close alliance with the Republican organization until 1870. While still devoted to the fundamental principles of that party, of equal rights, burdens, and power, yet dissatisfied with the tendenc\- in this State as to more liberal legis- lation upon the liquor question, he then joined in an independent organization in protest against such tendency; and again in 1S75, running that year as nominee for governor upon a similar issue, receiving more than 9,000 votes, and in 1876 over 12,000. He still believes the questions of teeto- talism and prohibition to be of paramount impor- tance, and has faith in their ultimate triumph. When General Butler at the earliest outbreak of the Civil War promptly and earnestly oft'ered his services to the State and country in whatever posi- tion he might be placed, Mr. Baker was warmly interested in him, and was ever after his firm friend. He was one of General Butlers most earnest supporters for Congress in the Esse.v Dis- trict, and afterward endeavored to help nominate him for governor in the Republican State con- vention, when, it was asserted, he was unfairly counted out. Continuing his steadfast friendship, he again earnestly supported General Butler, when the latter made his somewhat independent run for governor in 1878 and 1879, again in 1882, when he was elected, and as earnestly in 1883. when, although his vote increased nearly 20,000, the great rally of the Republican organization with its then Mugwump support defeated him by nearly 10,000 majority. And so Mr. Baker stood Gen- eral Butler's tried friend till the latter"s death, since which event it has been great consolation to him to hear the many tributes to the ability, gen- erosity, and patriotism of the distinguished dead. And similar consolation has come to Mr. Baker upon finding those who have sharply differed from him on public matters ultimately approving his course. Not only has Mr. Baker shared largely in the acquaintance of the public men of his na- tive Commonwealth, but also of many of those of national renown ; and his public life has brought him more or less in contact with foreign celebri- ties, notably with Kossuth during his visit in 1852, and the Prince of Wales in i860, on both of which occasions Boston was crowded by an enthu- siastic throng. On the latter occasion he partici- pated in a memorable lunch given by the governor and council in their ante-chamber to the prince and his suite, there being also present the Su- preme Court judges. Senators Sumner and Wil- son, ex-Governor Everett, ex-Judge Shaw, Com- modore Hudson, United States Navy, Collector Whitney, President Felton of Harvard, the Hon. Hannibal Hamlin. Governor Denni.son of Ohio, Speaker Goodwin, and the Hon. Charles A. Phelps, president of the Senate. I'he last-men- tioned, with the Hon. Charles F. Swift and Mr. Baker, both of the council, are the only .\nierican survivors, unless there are some of the military contingent, consisting of Major-General Andrew and staff, who still survive. The Hon. Samuel O. ITpham, who was messenger to the governor and council at that time, is yet active as one of the Middlesex County commissioners. Heredity is sug- gested as having some connection with Mr. Baker's long-continued interest in public affairs ; and a list of a number of his early ancestors gives some evidence of the probabilities in the case. Among these were Samuel Symonds, from near Topsfield, England, to Ipswich in 1637, who became a lead- ing citizen in town and colony, a deputy, an " as- sistant," and finally a deputy governor from 1673 840 MEN OF PROGRESS. to his death in 1678 ; Captain Timothy Baker, son of John, the immigrant to Ipswich, a captain of troop, and a deputy for nine years ; Thomas Baker, a leading man of affairs in Topsfield ; the Capens, originally from Dorchester, England, to Dorchester, Mass., in 1636, — several of them prominent in affairs; Oliver Purchis, of Dor- chester, 1635, later of Lynn, some time a deputy, and, as Newhall's " History of Lynn " says, " long an active and conspicuous man here '' ; Samuel Appleton, in Ipswich in 1635, a deputy in 1637, and prominent in public affairs of town and colony until his death in 1G70, at the age of eighty-four ; the Thorndikes, the first immigrant being John Thorndike, among the first thirteen settlers of Ipswich, a leader in the colony, and his son, Captain Paul Thorndike, one of the first selectmen of the town of Beverly, a representa- tive in 1682, and long prominent in both civil and military affairs ; William Hathorne, in Salem in 1636, of whom Upham says: " \o man in our annals fills a larger space. As soldier command- ing important and difficult e.xpeditions, as counsel in cases before the courts, as judge on the bench, and in innumerable other positions requiring talent and intelligence, he was constantly called to serve the public '" : he was an assistant seven- teen years, and a deputy twenty years ; Lawrence Leach, one of the first selectmen of Salem in 1636, and often after, and otherwise prominent; and John Woodbury, one of the leading char- acters among the old planters, first at Cape Ann and afterward making the first permanent settle- ment in Massachusetts Bay, at Salem in 1626. Mr. Baker married Miss H. Ellen Masury, daugh- ter of Captain Stephen and Mary (Cressy) Ma- sury. They have a son and daughter : John Stevens and Bessie Allen Baker. All the fam- ily take an active interest in whatever seems to make for the good of the city of Beverly, its people, and its institutions. The daughter is an active factor in the Beverly Improvement Society and kindred enterprises, and takes much inter- est in the charities and services of the Episco- pal church. The son is also interested in the work of that church ; is of the brotherhood of St. Andrew, and other organizations helping church work. He is connected with the Masonic brotherhood. The ancestors of Mrs. Baker in- clude several of those of her husband. Her father. Captain Stephen Masury, was a ship- master of that "Island of Jersey" stock which has furnished many .skilful navigators. He was connected with the families of Masury, Archer, Townsend, and others in Salem : and, in Beverly, with the Woodbury, Dodge, Gage, Stone, Patch, and other families, Captain John Dodge, son of Farmer William, an early representative and town officer, being one of his ancestors, as was also Captain Moses Gage, master mariner, whose wife was Sarah, daughter of Captain Dodge. Captain Masury died- in 1874, aged seventy-four, having spent a large part of his life as officer and com- mander on shipboard. He commanded foston corre- spondent for the Roi'kv JSfoiintaiu .\r7iM- of Den- ver, and is known as .1 frequent contril)ut()r to i'loston papers, also as author of numerous pub- Hslied poems and stories. In October, 1S94, he was made editor of the New Cciititiy, the official monthly publication of the Lyceum League of America, a federation of debating lyceums organ- ized bv the )'o/i//i's Cuiupaiiioii in 1891 for the promotion of good citizenship among the youth of .Vmerica. The business management of the league was transferred to Mr. Church and others by the Yoiitli's Companion at the Old South Church, Boston, October 22, 1894. The Hon. Theodore Roosevelt was the first president of the league, and was succeeded by the Rev. .\. .\. Berle, of Boston, 4th of July orator for the cit\' of Boston in 1S95. The president is now the Hon. James Logan Gordon, who resigned the general secretary- ship of tire Boston Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation to devote his whole time to the work of the league. Its general secretary is Orlando J. Hackett, formerly of Auburn, Me. The league consists of about si.xteen hundred clubs, scattered through every State in the Lhiion, with a member- sliip now of over forty thousand young men and women, and rapidly increasing. Its headquarters are at No. i Beacon Street, Boston. Mr. Gordon. Mr. Hackett, and Mr. Church visit the principal cities and hold public meetings in the interest of the league, and also form State organizations, with a view to holding a national convention in 1896. Ill furtherance of the Lyceum League work, it is designed to found a Lyceum League College, in which will be taught the duties and privileges of .American citizenship, with practical demonstra- tion of the different departments of the civic gov- ernment. It is expected to be a training school for civic ofiicials. It will also include practical training in mechanical arts, leading up from the preparatory to the perfected and remunerative. The aim of the AWt- C ♦ •' J. A. COLVIN. dren : James Byron, Lewis .\ntiiony, and Theresa Colvin. She died in 1867. He married second, in 1879, Mrs. Anna Dorman : and the children of this marriage are Anna Lee and Florence Dorothy Colvin. His second wife and all of his children are now living. CR.MG, Damki, Hikam, M.D., of Province- town, is a native of Maine, born in Readfield. June 30, 1870, son of David White and Flora Elizabeth (Van Canqjen) Craig. His paternal ancestors were of Scotch descent, his great-great- grandfather coming from Scotland and settling in Ro.xbury, Mass., and his maternal ancestors were Holland Dutch. Helixed in Readfield until he was eight years old, the ne.xt four winters in NeW' V'ork City, the family spending the sum- mers at the old homestead at Lake Maranacook (Readfield), Maine, and thereafter in Maiden, the summers as before in Maine, until 1893, when l)je established himself in Proxincetown. His early education was acquired mostly in private schools in New York and Boston, and he finished in the 86o MEN OF PROGRESS. Maiden Grammar and High schools. He entered the Harvard Medical School in 1889, and gradu- ating in 1892, subsequently took a post-graduate / and in the Evening High School, and received his degree of LL.B. from the Boston University Law School, graduating in. June, 1879. As a boy, he labored in general work about stores, and from this rose to be the chief shipping clerk in the house of Dodge, Collier, &: Perkins, of Boston, which position he left in 1875 to prepare himself for the legal profession. He first became a law student in the office of Francis A. Perry, and while a student was appointed a messenger in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, in which capacity he served through the sessions of 1877 and 1878. From his earnings in this ser- vice and from work as a reporter for local news- papers, from lecturing, and from reciting before societies, he was enabled to pursue his studies in the law school to completion. He was admitted to the bar May 27, 1879, a week before his gradu- ation from the law school, and has been steadily engaged in the practice of his profession from that time with marked success on both the civil and criminal side of the court, and is in the en- joyment of a large business. He was elected a senator for the Eighth Suffolk District in 1894. DANIEL H. CRAIG course. During his post-graduate year he was assistant to the surgical staff of the Maiden Citv Hospital, and associated w'ith Dr. Godfrey Ryder, of Maiden, especially in his surgical practice. He began regular practice in Provincetowii in 1893, and has since been engaged there with grat- ifying success. He is a member of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society, and of the Maiden So- ciety for Medical Improvement. He is connected with the Masonic order, member of Converse Lodge in Maiden. During his High School term he was for two years president of the Maiden High School Literary Society. Dr. Craig was married June 30, 1893, to Miss Lily Christine Trayes. They have one child: David Van Cam- pen Craig. CRONAN, John Francis, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, April 9, 1856, son of Dennis and Hannah (Collins) Cronan. He is of sturdy Celtic stock, of honest and unflinching purpose, of strong physique and great courage. He was educated in the Boston public schools, at French's Commercial College, .^^■'^■'■'■^ ^ JOHN F. CRONAN. In politics he is a Democrat, and from his youth has been active in the interests of his party.' \\'lien twenty years of age, he took the stump for MK\ OK PROGRI'.SS. .S6l .Samuel J. Tildcn in Massachusetts ami in Penn- sylvania, and has appeared on the platform in the several campaigns since. .\s senator he served on the committees on the judiciary, elections, and constitutional amendments, and took a prominent part in tiie important legislation of that session. l!y reason of his ]:>o\\er and ability as an advocate and public speaker, he is well known in the State. The only organization with which Mr. t'ronan has been identified is the Charitable Irish .Society, of which he was made vice-presi- dent in 1894. He was married October 4, r882, to Miss Annie G. Murphy. They ha\e one child: Alice Marie C'ronan. .\mong its clients are such concerns as the Ameri- can Waltham Watch Company, the National Tube Works Company, the E. Howard V\'atch and CROSSLEV, Arthur Wilder, of Boston, pat- ent solicitor and counsellor, was born in Montour County, Pennsylvania, August 23, 1848, son of William and Mary (Flick) Crossley. He first learned the printer's trade, and subsequently en- tered the newspaper and publishing business. Burned out in the Boston fire of 1872, he soon after went to Washington, where he was a short time employed in the Government Printing otfice, and for a longer period in the Patent Office. When the late Zach Chandler was made secretary of the interior, Mr. Crossley was called to aid in reorgan- izing certain departments of the Patent Office ; and one result of the work was the present issue divi- sion, which he organized, and of which he became the first chief. After several years" service in this position he entered the examining corps of the Patent Office, assigned to the textile department ; and here he began the special study of textiles and textile machinery, which he has since pursued assiduously, becoming a highly skilled expert in them. While employed in these various branches of department work, Mr. Crossley studied law in the Xational University Law .School at Washing- ton, and he duly graduated therefrom, receiving his diploma from the hands of President Hayes, who was cx-officio chancellor of the universit)'. He was admitted to the bar in 1879. In 1885 he resigned his position in the government service, and joined the Boston firm of Wright & Brown, established in 1866 by Colonel Carroll D. Wright, the statistician, the name of which was then changed to Wright, Brown, & Crossley. The firm has a branch office in Washington, which is man- aged by a former examiner of the Patent Office ; and it etijoys a large and important practice. ARTHUR W. CROSSLEY. Clock Company, the Smith Ov .\nthony Stove Company, the Jones & Lamson Company of Springfield, Vt.. the Laconia Car Company of Laconia. N.H., and a large number of textile concerns all over New England. Mr. C"rossley was married January 20, 1886, to .Mary Chandler, daughter of Senator William E. Chandler, of New Hampshire. CUNNINGH.AM, Jt)sKi'H TKtJVVHRiDCK, of Bos- ton, hotel proprietor, is a native of New Hamp- shire, born in Portsmouth, October 28, 1864, son of James and Maria (Savage) Cunningham. He was educated in the Portsmouth public schools and at Dartmouth College, graduating in the class of 1887. He entered the hotel business soon after his graduation from college, employed first at the Wentworth House, New Castle, N.H. Sub- sequently he was connected with hotels at the Isles of Shoals, N.H., and at Campobello, N.B. In 1890 he became manager of the Hotel Pocahontas, Kittery Point, Me., which he carried through that season, and afterward was with the Hotel Vendome and the American House in Bos- 862 mi-:n of i>ro(;ress. ton. He first entered the business on his own account on the Tst of July, 1893, as proprietor of the Hotel Oxford and the Kxeter Chambers, Back 1 JOSEPH T. CUNNINGHAM. Bay, Boston, in partnership with Sanford 1!. Sar- gent. Through the season of 1894 ht' and his partner were lessees also of the Hotel Langwood, on the borders of picturesque Spot Pond, Melrose, and the Middlesex Fells ; and they are now (1895), in addition to the Hotel Oxford and Exeter Chambers, Boston, proprietors of the Haynes Hotel, in Springfield. Mr. Cunningham is a Dem- ocrat in politics, and active in the party organiza- tion, having been a member of the Democratic ward and city committee of Boston since 1893, and a member of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts for some years. He was married December 14. 1893, to Miss Isabel Sey- mour Hemenway, of Boston. They have no children. CURRY, George Erastus, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of East Tennessee, born in Cleveland, February 13, 1854, son of James Campbell and Nancy (Young) Curry. He is of Scotch ancestry. His early education was acquired in the schools of his native town, and he graduated from the High School there. Then, coming to Boston, he fitted for college at the Bos- ton Latin School, and graduated from the Boston University College of Liberal Arts in 188 1. Sub- sequently entering the Boston University Law School, he graduated there LL.B. in 1884. Mean- while he was engaged in office practice, having begun in 1882 in the office, Equitable Building, in which he is still established; and in February pre- ceding his graduation he was admitted to the Suf- folk bar. His practice is a general one. Mr. Curry is a Freemason, member of Revere Lodge. He is an experienced yachtsman, and for three years, 1890-92-93, was commodore of the Dor- chester Yacht Club. He is a member also of the Minot Club of Dorchester, and in 1894 was chair- man of its house committee. In politics he is a sterling Democrat, but he has never sought nor CEO. E. CURRY. accepted political ofiice. He was married Julv 16, 1885, to Miss Clara Xeal. of Dorchester. They have no children. DAVIS, Samuel Alonv(_), M.D.. of the Charles- town District, Boston, is a nati\e of Maine, born in Bridgton, September 7, 1837, son of Samuel and Olive (Holmes) Davis. His great -grand- parents on both sides were English, and upon MEN OK PROGRKSS. S63 cominy to this countr)- settled in Jefferson, N.H., and Lunenljurg, Mass. He was educated in the public schools and at the academy of Hridgton. m SAML A. DAVIS. He began the study of medicine at the age of t\vent}-one, under the tutorship of Dr. John H. Kimball, of Hridgton, a prominent physician in that place. The following year he entered the medical department of Bowdoin C'ollege, and took a first course of lectures, and in i86r entered the Harvard Medical School, where he was graduated in March, 1862. In May*of the same year he settled in Charlestown. and began practice. The following August, however, he was commissioned assistant surgeon in the Thirtieth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, then stationed at New Orleans, and entered the L^nited States service for the Civil War. He served as assistant sur- geon for two years, most of that time being in full charge of the regiment, and during the period en- gaged in the battles of Plains Store, the forty-two days' siege of Port Hudson, and Cox Plantation, La., and in 1864 was commissioned surgeon of the same regiment. Thereafter he was engaged in the battles of Winchester, Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek, Va., and was an eye-witness of General Sheridan's famous ride. In the spring of 1865, after Lee's surrender, he participated in the grand review at Washington, and subse- quently served with his regiment in South Caro- lina until July, 1866, when it was mustered out,— the last Massachusetts regiment to return. Dr. Davis resumed his practice in Charlestown in March, 1867, and has since continued in its active pursuit. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Harvard Alumni Associa- tion, and of the Charlestown Club. He is con- nected with the Masonic order, being a member of Faith Lodge, and of Ciuur de Leon Command- ery. Knights Templar ; is an Odd Fellow, member of Bunker Hill Lodge; a member of the Royal Arcanum and of the Home Circle, and member of the Grand Army of the Republic, Post 11. He cast his first vote upon attaming his majority for .\braham Lincoln, and has been identified with the Republican party since that time. Dr. Davis was married in Charlestown, December 28, 1870, to Miss Ella Cushman, daughter of the late Robert W. Cushman, D.D., of Boston. DAVISON, Archibai,d T., M.D., of South Boston, is a native of Nova Scotia, born in the town of Portaupique, Colchester County, Febru- ary 23, 1847, son of Archibald and Sarah (Crow) Davison. On his father's side he is of Scotch descent, and on his mother's side of the north of Ireland. His education was begun in the public schools of his birthplace, and continued in the Bos- ton Latin School, the family moving to Boston in his boyhood. He studied for his profession at the Harvard Medical School, and immediately after graduation therefrom, on March 18, 187 1, began practice, established in South Boston, where he has since been engaged, with a steadily growing business, a period of twent\-fi\e years. .\ good part of this time Dr. Davison has also been ac- tively interested in politics as a member of the Republican party. He was president of the Ward Fourteen Republican Club for four years, treasurer of Ward Fourteen ward and city com- mittee four years, and was a delegate from Massa- chusetts to the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis in 1892. In 1894 he was elected to the Boston .School Committee, upon which he is still serving. He is a member of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society; prominent in the Ma- sonic fraternity, being a member of the Adclphi Lodge, South Boston, of St. Matthew's Royal .Vrch Chapter, of St. Omer Commandery Knights 864 MKN OF I'KOCRKSS. Templar, and of the Lafayette Lodge of Perfec- tion ; and a member of Bethesda Lodge of Odd Fellows. He was married December 31, 1872, to \ notable public career began in 1847, with his elec- tion to the lower house of the Legislature. He served in that body for two terms, 1848 and 1849, and then, sent to the Senate, served there one term, 1850, ranking in both houses among the leaders. In 1S53 he was a member of the State Con- stitutional Convention. The same year he was made district attornev for the Western District, which position he held till 1857, when he was elected to Congress. Through repeated re-elec- tions he remained in the house till 1873, serving through the Thirty-fifth, Thirty-sixth, 'fhirty- seventh, Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, Fortieth, Forty-first, Forty-second, and Forty-third Con- gresses, and then declined to stand for another term. In 1875 '""^ ^"^'^^ elected to the Senate to succeed Charles Sumner (the unexpired term of Senator Sumner having been filled by \A'illiam B. \Vashburn). In 1881 he was re-elected, and again in 1887 ; and then with the close of his third term he retired, having served his district and the Commonwealth at Washington for upward of a third of a century. Throughout this long period his place in Congress was a foremost one. He A. T. DAVISON. Miss Lucy Kelley. They ha\'e four children : Arthur Howard, Julie Certrude, Lucy Cecilia, and Archibald Thompson Davison. DAWES, Henrv Laurens, of Pittsfield, United States senator from 1875 to 1893, was born in the town of Cummington, Hampshire County, October 30, 181C, son of Mitchell and Mercy (Burgess) Dawes. He was educated in the com- mon schools, where he fitted for college, and at Yale, graduating in the class of 1839. ^o'' '^''■^ first two years after his graduation he taught school, and then became an editor, first editing the Green- field Gazette, and afterward the Adams I'rtvi- scrift. \\'hile successful in joiu-nalistic work, his inclination was toward the law ; and, finally de- termining to follow that profession, he left the newspaper, and entered the law office of Wells & Davis, in Greenfield, as a student. He was ad- mitted to the bar in 1842, and at once engaged in active practice, established in North Adams, was chairman for many years of the committee on which place was his legal residence until 1864, ways and means and as such was the author and when he removed to Pittsfield. His long and advocate of numerous tariff' measures. Later, as HENRY L. DAWES. MKN OK I'ROCRKSS. 865 cliairnian of the Senate committee on Indian af- monwealth. After remaining wiiii Messrs. Ran- fairs, lie rendered conspicuous service in securing ney & Morse for a lime succeeding his admission reftjriiis in the administration of Indian affairs to the bar, he opened his own office, and en- throui^h various measures, making possible the gaged in general practice. I'.esides being the present system of Indian education, and advanc- attorney for several banks and corporations, he ing materially the cause of Indian rights. In became prominently identified with numerous no- 1883 he was appointed at the head of a special table cases. He was counsel for the West Knd connnittee to investigate the disturbances of that .Street Railway Company, having entire charge of year in the Indian Territory, and made a valuable its legislative matters, was sole counsel for the report thereon, which was the basis of subsequent Bay State Gas Company in all its controversies legislation. Other committees of which he was at for admittance to the right to do business, and he one time or another an active member were those had charge of the negotiations, oftentimes delicate on fisheries, naval affairs, public buildings and and complicated, which brought about the consoli- grounds, appropriations, and civil service. He has been prominent in the Republican party since its birth, and had an influential part in shaping its policy. In 1866 he was a delegate to the Loyalist Convention in Philadelphia. Upon his retirement from the senatorship after his forty-five years of public life he received marked courtesies from his fellow-citizens of both parties; in Boston, in Springfield, and at his own home, being given complimentary dinners at which Democrats and Republicans alike paid tribute to his worth. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Will- iams College in 1869. Senator Dawes was mar- ried in Ashfield, May i, 1844, to Miss Electa A. Sanderson, daughter of Chester and Anna (Allis) Sanderson, of that town. Of their children three ^ are living : .Anna Laurens, Chester Mitchell, and Henry Laurens Dawes. Jr. Miss Dawes is well known as an author, and from lier connection with educational work. In 1893 she was a mem- ber of the Massachusetts Board of U'crld's Fair J Manasrers. DILLAWAV, William Edw.ard Lcivell, of ISoston, member of the Suffolk bar, was liorn in Boston, February 17, 1852, son of William S. and .\nn Maria (Brown) Dillaway. He is a descend- ant of one of the oldest of Boston families. He was educated in the Boston public schools, and, after graduating from the English High School, entered the Harvard Law School, where he was graduated in 1871. Two years of further study in the Boston law ofiftce of Ranney & Morse fol- lowed, and in 1873 he was admitted to the bar. He had already had quite an experience, and he won success as a jury lawyer. While still a stu- dent witli Messrs. Ranney & Morse, and only in his twentieth year, he argued his first brief before the full bench of the Supreme Court of the Com- W. E. L. DILLAWAY. dation of Boston gas companies. In 1888 Mr. Dillaway. then but thirty-six, retired from general practice, having found that his private business and that of the corporations with which he is con- nected called for his entire attention. He is a director of the Mechanics" National Bank of Bos- ton, of which his brother, C. O. L. Dillaway is president. In 1888 he was selected to deliver the Fourth of July oration for the city of Boston. He IS an enthusiastic collector of bric-^-brac, pict- ures, etchings, and prints, possessing of the latter one of the finest collections in Boston. .Mr. Dil- laway was married June 16. 1874, to Miss Ger- trude St. Clair Eaton. 866 MEN OF PROGRESS. DONNELLY, Charles Francis, of lioston, member of the State Board of Lunacy and Char- ity since 1875, is a native of Ireland, born in Athlone, County Roscommon, October 14, 1836, son of Hugh and Margaret (Conway) Donnelly. His ancestors on the paternal side were of an old Irish sept of the north, and on the maternal side of Welsh-Irish stock of the west of Ireland. His parents came to Canada when he was a year old, and thence removed to Rhode Island in 1848, He was educated in private schools and in the New Brunswick Presbyterian Academy, At twenty he besran the study of law in the office of Ex-Congress- CHAS, F. DONNELLY. man Ambrose A. Ranney in IJoston. and at the Harvard Law School, graduating with the degree of LL.B. in 1859, when he was admitted to the Suf- folk bar, and at once began practice. Important cases came into his hands early, notably several civil suits instituted against the archbishop and other Catholic ecclesiastics in Massachusetts ; and soon in his career he became prominent through his arguments drawn to show the harmonious rela- tion of Catholic ecclesiastical, or canon, law to the spirit of American law and institutions. He has been connected with the administration of State charities since 1875, when he was appointed by Governor Gaston to the State Board of Charities, which preceded the present Board of Lunacy and Charity, and for over four years was chairman of the board. During his service he wrote the sharp and spirited politico-legal public correspondence had by the board with Governor Butler ("in 1883), which was employed to advantage in the successful canvass against the latter by his opponents when a candidate for a second term ; and Mr. Donnelly proposed and drafted (in 1884) the act subjecting dipsomaniacs to the same restraint and treatment as lunatics, which was adopted by the Legislature of 1885, the first legislation of the kind either in Europe or America. In i88g further effect was given the new law by the Legislature, largely through his influence, in authorizing the erection of a hospital for men coming under its provisions, and establishing a board of trustees tor the man- agement of the institution. Mr, Donnelly has long been a member of the Charitable Irish So- ciety, the oldest Irish-American society in existence (founded in Boston in 1737), and w^as for several terms its president. He was one of the founders of the Home for Destitute Catholic Children, and many of the other Catholic charitable institutions of Boston. In 1885 he received the honorarv degree of LL.D, from St, Mary's College, Mary- land, the oldest Catholic seat of learning in the country. In politics he is a Democrat, influential in his party. Although repeatedly sought as a candidate for the mayoralty of Boston and other elective office, he has invariably declined to stand. At the request of the committee of distinguished prelates representing the Catholic Church at the World's Parliament of Religions, held at Chicago in 1893, he wrote an exhaustive study of the '■ Relations of the Roman Catholic Church to tlie Poor," from its beginning. It was a comprehen- sive survey of the whole subject, and it was read with high commendation before the Parliament, Bishop Keane, rector of the Catholic University of America at Washington, reading it. In the sessions of 1888 and in 1889 an exciting contest was waged in the Legislature of Massachusetts against the movement in favor of establishing parochial schools. Mr. Donnelly was retained by the Catholic clergy and laity to advocate and defend the right to maintain private schools and the right of parents to choose them for the train- ing of their children. It is only justice to say he conducted the interests he had in charge with- out rancor and judiciously and successfully before the legislative committee on education. Mr. Don- MKN OF FR0GRP:.SS. 867 nclly li;is, like many members of his profession, a great love of literature, and has given marked evi- dence of it in some of his professional and other efforts. Perhaps nothing in a literary way from his pen received higher approval than the sonnet on the death and burial of James Russell Lowell, published the day after the funeral, and here given : — " No bugle blast sounds through the summer air; Nor tramp of riderless and neighing steed In solemn march behind the car we heed. Nor muffled drum is heard ; nor trumpet blare ; Nor volleyed fire ; nor shrouding smoke is seen. Vet in the earth to-day a soldier's form We laid ; one who brave bore the brunt and storm Of battle front with knightly skill and mien. Rest, minstrel, after all earth's weary strife. Fair Harvard hath borne many sons, but none So tenderly beloved as those who gave Their youth, and manhood's prime, and even life, To Freedom's cause, until the field was won. And no man dared to call his brother slave." Mr. Donnelly was married in 1893 at Providence, R.I., to Miss Amy F. Collins, daughter of James and Mary (Donnelly) Collins. DONOVAN, James, of Boston, insurance agent, three terms president of the Democratic city com- mittee, was born in Boston, May 28, 1859, son of Michael and Ellen (Sheehy) Donovan. His par- ents were natives of County Cork, Ireland, and long resident in this country. He was educated in the Boston public schools, mainly in the Rice (}rammar School, and, leaving at the age of eleven, began business life as an employee in a mercantile house. He early took an interest in politics, and became active and influential in the local Democratic organization. In 1881 he was elected a member of the Common Council. In 1883 he was a successful candidate for the Legis- lature, and through re-elections served in the lower house five consecutive terms, 18S4-88, during this period a member of numerous im- portant committees, the list including the com- mittees on mercantile affairs, on prisons, on railroads, and on redistricting the State. The ne.xt three years, 1889-90-91, he was a member of the Senate for the Fourth Suffolk District, serv- ing on the committees on railroads, engrossed bills, library (chairman), public health, military affairs, drainage (chairman), federal relations, and liquor law; and in 1892-93-94 he was a mem- ber of the K,\ecutive Council, representing the Fourth Councillor District. In the latter body he served as chairman of the committees on harbors and public lands and on State House extension, and member also of those on pardons and on finance. In the Democratic organization he was a member of the State Committee for three years, the larger part of that time on the executive com- mittee ; secretary of the Boston Democratic city committee two years, 1886-87; ^"d he has been chairman of the city committee since. 1892, elected the first time to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. McDonough, and re-elected unani- JAMES DONOVAN. mously twice. He is a member of the \()ung Men's Democratic Club of .Massachusetts and of the Irish Charitable Society. Mr. Donovan is immarried. DRURV, William Hknrv. member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Worcester, January 12, 1842, son of William E. and Martha K. (Haskell) Drury. He is a lineal descendant of Hugh Drury, who came from p;ngland to Boston in 1640. His great-grandfathers were all natives of Massachusetts and soldiers of the Revolution. His great-grandfather, William Drury, born in Shrewsbury, later of Drury Hill, Holden, where S6S MEN OF I'Kot.KESS. he died in 1S50 at tlie age of ninety-two, was a DUNliAR, James Rukert, justice of the Supe- representative of Holden in the Legishiture man)- lior Court of the Commonwealth, is a native of years between 1802 and 1820. His grandfather, Pittslield, born December 23, 1847, son of Henry W. and Elizabeth ( Richards) Dunbar. He was educated in the public schools of Pittsfield and at \\"illiams College, where he graduated in the class of 1 87 1. He studied law in the oflfice of the Hon. M. B. Whitney, of Westfield, and si.x months in the Harvard Law School, and was ad- mitted to the Hampden County bar in April, 1874. Subsequently he was admitted to practice in the I'nited States courts. Forming a partner- ship with Mr. Whitney, he was engaged in a gen- eral practice in Westfield until his elevation to the Superior Bench, by appointment of Governor .\mes, in 1888. His public service has been con- fined to two terms in the State Senate (1885 and 1886), in which he was a recognized leader. During the first session he served on the com- mittees on the judiciary and on election laws (chairman of the latter on the part of the Sen- ate), and was chairman of the joint special com- mittee on investigation of State House expendi- tures ; and in that of 1886 he was chairman of WM. H. DRURY. Ephraim, eldest son of William Drury, born in 1783, died in Worcester in 1863, William H. Drury was educated in the public schools of Worcester, graduating from the High School in 1 86 1, and at Vale College, where he was gradu- ated in 1865. He studied law in the Harvard Law School in 187 1 and 1872, also in the offices of Charles Robinson, Jr., and Stearns & Butler, and was admitted to the bar in 1873. Since that time he has been engaged in general practice in Boston. Among notable causes which he has successfully conducted have been several impor- tant will, admiralty, and patent cases. He is also a trustee of some large estates. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association and of the \\'a\- tham Club. In politics he is a Republican, al- though not an extreme protectionist. He has ne\er held civil or political office, confining his attention exclusively to his profession. Mr. Drury was married September 29, 1875, to Miss Mary .-Mice Peters, daughter of George S. and Charlotte A. Peters, of Ellsworth, Me. They have the committees on election laws, committee on two children : George Peters and William Clark redistricting the State, a member of the committee Drury. They reside in Walthani. on bills on third reading, and of the judiciary. JAMES R. DUNBAR. MEN UF PROGRESS. 869 In politics lie is a Republican, and was for many years a prominent and influential party leader in the Western part of the State. In iiS88 he moved from Westtield to West Newton, but since 1890 has resided in Brookline. He is a member of the Brookline Thursday Club and of the Uni- versity Club of Boston. Judge Dunbar was mar- ried in Westfield, May 15, 1875. to Harriet 1'. Walton, daughter of George A. and Klecta \. (Lincoln) Walton. They have five children : Ralph W.. Philip R., Ruth. Helen L.. and Henrv F. 1 )unbar. DUNNING, Robert Spear, of Fall River, artist, is a native of Maine, born in Brunswick, January 3, 1829, son of Joseph and Rebecca (Spear) Dunning. His ancestors on the paternal side came from England, when Maine was a terri- tory of Massachusetts, and settled on the Andro.s- coggin River, near lirunswick and Topsham. They were descendants of the Earl of Ashburton. Mr. Dunning's father, born in 1798, came to Fall River in 1834, and built the first marine railway there. Three years later he went to sea. The mother of Mr. Dunning, born in i8oo, was a native of Brunswick, Me. He was educated in the common schools of F'all River. His first work was in the mills, where he remained for a short time : and for three years he was engaged in coasting vessels. Then he took up the study of art, at first under James Roberts, an artist at East Thomaston, Me. .\fter seven months with Mr. Roberts he went to New York, and there studied for three years with Daniel Huntington, president of the National Academy of Design. Returning to F'all River in 1853, he opened his studio there, which he has retained ever since. His paintings have been repeatedly exhibited at the National Academy of Design in New York and at the Boston Art Club. Among his later works is a full-size portrait of Washington, from Stewart's full-length portrait in the State House, Newport. R.I.. [jainled for the Wasiiington Society of F'all River, and now hanging in the 1!. M. ( '. Durfee High School; portraits of James IJutting- ton, first mayor of F'all Ri\er, of Edward 1'. Buffington. the second mavor, and of N. 11. I'lorden, who was member of Congress and mayor afterward, and who as a member of the Legislature cast tiie deciding vote which elected Charles Sumner United States senator, — all of which hang in the City Hall ; and a portrait of I'rank Stevens, of Swansea, for the Town Hall of that town. Mr. Dimning's work covers a wide range of subjects,— landscape, still life, figure R. S. DUNNING. pictures, and portraits, and are nnich .sought for. He is a life member of the Antique School of Design at the National Academy of Design, New \'ork. In politics first a Free Soiler, he has since been a stanch Republican. His first vote was for (General Taylor. Mr. Dunning was mar- ried December 16, 1869, to Miss Mehitable D. Hill, of I'"all River. Thev have no children. ELIOT, Ch.vri.ks Wir.i.i.wi, of Cambridge, pres- ident of Harvard University, was born in Boston, March 20, 1834, .son of Samuel .Vtkins and Mary (Lvman) Eliot. His father was a merchant of lioslon. maj-or of the city 1S37-40, a member of the Legislature, a representative in Congress, and treasurer of Harvard College from 1842 to 1853. On the maternal side he is a descendant of the Lvmans of Northampton, Mass., his great-grand- father, Isaac Lyman, who was minister at \'ork. Me., for sixty years, having been born and brought up at Nortliampton. He was fitted for college in the Boston Pu!)lic Latin School, and graduated at Harvard in the class of 1853. In college he was 870 MExN OF PROGRESS. especially proficient in mathematics and chemistry, and the year following his graduation he was ap- pointed tutor in mathematics there. Meanwhile he continued his study of chemistry under Pro- fessor Josiah P. Cooke. In 1858 he was promoted to the position of assistant professor of mathe- matics and chemistry, and three years later was placed in charge of the chemical department of the Lawrence Scientific School. In 1863, his appointment at the Scientific School expiring by limitation, he went abroad, and spent the next two years in the study of advanced chemistry, and also in a close examination of systems of public in- l'^ "^ CHARLES W. ELIOT. struction in England and on the Continent. Re- turning home in 1865, he was appointed professor of analytical chemistry in the Massachusetts In- stitute of Technology, which position he held for four years. In 1867-68 he was again in P2urope, chiefly in France. At commencement in 1868 he was elected by the alumni a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard ; and the following year. President Thomas Hill having resigned in the autumn of 1868, he was chosen to the presidency of the university, after a prolonged contest. His election occurred on May 19, 1869: and he was formally installed in office in tlie following Octo- ber. Under his administration the uni\ersity has made great strides, broadened its scope, advanced the standards of admission and graduation, and been brought within reasonable distance of the great universities of Europe. Many changes in methods have been effected, the most notable being the supplanting of the old prescribed cur- riculum by the elective system, and the creation of the Graduate School in Arts and Sciences. The number of students has nearly trebled, the num- ber of professors and instructors doubled. The increase in wealth has been especially marked, the gross income apart from gifts and bequests having risen from $325,000 in 1869 to upward of a million in 1895. President Eliot has delivered a number of formal addresses, and has been a frequent speaker at educational conventions and meetings. He delivered the address at the first commencement of Smith College, Northampton, in 1879, and before the Phi Beta Kappa at Cam- bridge in 1888; he spoke at the inauguration of President Gihnan of Johns Hopkins University in 1876, at the opening of the American Museum of Natural History of New York in 1877, and at the centennial celebration of Washington's inaug- uration in 1889. In conjunction with Professor Frank H. Storer he published two te-xt-books, a Manual of Inorganic Chemistry (1868) and a Manual of Qualitative Chemical Analysis (1869), and several chemical memoirs. He has also pub- lished numerous essays and speeches on educa- tional topics ; but his most important contribu- tions to educational literature are his annual reports as president of Harvard University. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, fellow of the American Philosophical Society, and member of the Massachusetts His- torical Society. He received the degree of LL.D. from Williams and Princeton in 1869, and from Vale in 1S70. President Eliot was first married in Boston, October 27, 1858, to Miss Ellen Derby Peabody, daughter of Ephraim and Mary Jane (Derby) Peabody, by which union were four chil- dren, of whom two survive : Charles and Samuel Atkins Eliot. He married second in Cambridge, October 30, 1877, Miss Grace Mellen Hopkinson, daughter of Thomas and Corinna Aldrich (Pren- tiss) Hopkinson of Cambridge. ELLIS, George Henry, of Boston, printer and publisher, was born in Medfield, October 3, 1848, son of Samuel and Martha (Ellis) Ellis. He was MEN 01-- PROGRESS. 871 educated in the district school, with three years cattle, Ills ambition being to prove that farming at the High School of his native town. .After leav ing the High School, he spent three months in a can be made a successful business. Quiet home life has attractions for him which have prevented his frequent attendance at societies or clubs, al- though a member of many of them, or acceptance of offices beyond a clear call of duty. In politics lie was always a Republican till 1884, when he went with the AtM-r/iser — which then declared its independence of party, and "bolted " the nomi- nation of Blaine — away from the fold. Mr. Ellis was married first, October 3, 1869, to Miss Sarah Dale, who died September 18, 1884, leaving tw(j children: Herbert 1). (now associated with his father in the business) and Martha E. Ellis. He married second, December 25. 1886, Miss Eliza- beth Shaw. FERGUSON, WiLL.^RD Bixbv, of Maiden, president of electric railway companies, is a native of Maine, born in Troy, December 20, 1844, son of Nahum and Betsey (Tasker) Fer- guson. He is of Scotch descent on the paternal side, and of English on the maternal side. His father's ancestors came from Scotland in 1780. GEO. H. ELLIS. Boston commercial college, and then at the age of seventeen entered the office of the Christian Register as clerk. In about two years he became business manager. In 1872 he bought of the proprietors the type from which the paper was printed, and soon after purchased a small job press, which modest " plant " formed the founda- tion of his present e.xtensive printing business, occupying in 'part two buildings. No. 141 Frank- lin Street and on Wales Wharf. In 1883 he ac- cepted the position of treasurer and publisher of the Boston Daily Advertiser, and in that position became sponsor for and first publisher of the Evening Reeon/, the first number of which was issued in .September, 1884. In January, 1886, overwork compelled his resignation of the Adver- tiser connection, and return to his own business, after a rest and a trip across the continent. As a book publisher, his imprint has appeared upon a variety of volumes, notably of Unitarian lit- erature. Born and reared on a farm, his natural taste for farming has not deserted him ; and he has now under control some si.x hundred acres of land, with a herd of nearly two hundred Jersey W. B. FERGUSON. and settled in Eliot, Me., engaged in farming. He was educated in the public schools. At the age of eighteen he enlisted in the Fourteenth S72 MEN OF PROGRESS. Maine Regiment, and served for three years in the Civil War. In 1874 he moved to Salem, where he became interested in the street railroad business. He continued in that business for about fifteen years, when, electricity coming to be used as a motive power for street railways, he connected himself with the Thomson-Houston Electric Company. Subsequently he re-entered his old business under the new conditions, and became connected with numerous enterprises. He is at the present time president and direc- tor of the Gloucester, the South Middlesex, the Athol & Orange, the Gloucester, Esse.x, & Bev- erly, and the Milford, HoUiston, &: Framingham Street Railway Companies. He is a Freemason, an Odd Fellow, a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and of the Kernwood Club of Mai- den. In politics he has been a steadfast Republi- can. He was married September 2, 187 i, to Miss E. T^unette Coffin. They have two daughters : Anna L. and Lila G. Ferguson. business together. About a year after he entered this store. Bell &: Co. sold out ; and he found a place in a higher grade, with Schofield, Barron, FITZPATRICK, Thoma.s Bern.ard, of Boston, merchant and manufacturer, was born in Grafton, December 17, 1844, son of Patrick and Mary (Gannivan) Fitzpatrick. His parents came to this country from Ireland, and, by industry and econ- omy, provided a good home for their children, while making many sacrifices for their education. His father became a thrifty farmer at Hopkinton ; and most of the son's boyhood days were spent there in hard farm work, early and late, and in getting an education at the village schools. He attended two sessions a year of the district school, which was two miles distant from the farm ; and by most diligent study he was prepared, at the age of four- teen, to enter the High School. He was the first Catholic boy to attend the latter school. Al- though he was able to take but two of the four terms yearly there, walking to and from his home daily, three miles eacii way, he kept up with his class by home study for the four years' course, and graduated with much credit at the age of eighteen. Then, an.xious to get into business life, he came to Boston : and, finding a place in the dry-goods store of E. L). Bell & Co., with two dollars a week as wages, he began at the first round of the ladder. In the same store was em- ployed a boy of about his own age, Oliver H. l^urrell ; and the two. becoming intimate, talked over their prospects, and laid plans for future T. B. FITZPATRICK. iS; Co. Subsequently he was employed by Mason, Tucker, & Co., and travelled for that house with samples for seven years, meeting with notable suc- cess in selling a large trade in the New England States. He left the latter place in July, 1872, to engage with Brown, Dutton, iv: Co.. where Oliver H. Durrell, his first business friend and constant associate, had been employed for some time. Directly after the great fire of November following this firm dissolved, and the firm of Brown, Durrell, &: Co. was formed, with Brown, Diu'rell, and Fitzpatrick as partners ; and thus the plan of the friends talked over and resolved upon when they were boys, ten years before, was carried out. The firm steadily developed, becoming one of the largest and most popular in the country in the fancy dry-goods trade, doing a business of several millions yearly ; and it is universally con- ceded that its success is in a large part due to the enterprise of Mr. Fitzpatrick and his grasp of modern business methods. Although applying himself closely to business, he has been a careful student of public cpiestions and an acti\'e worker in the cause of charity and philanthropy. He is MEN OF 'ROGRKSS. 873 a director of the United States Trust Company, and of the Union Institution of Savings, and has been of great assistance in forming and aiding the Newton Co-operative Bank. He has been an ac- tive member of several charitaljle and patriotic societies, and has done much during tlie past ten vears in support of the Irisli Home Rule move- ment in Massachusetts. He was formerly presi- dent of the Catholic Union of Boston, and is now one of the trustees of the Catholic Svunmer School of America. In politics he is a Democrat, and is a firm believer in the application of civil ser- vice reform methods in municipal. State, and national affairs. Mr. Fitzpalrick was married January 13, 1876, to Miss Sara M. Gleason, of I'itchburg. They have six children : Frank, Paul, Thomas, William, Mary, and Bessie Fitzpatrick. He resides in West Newton. FLAHERTY, John Joseph, of Gloucester, member of the Essex bar, is a native of Glouces- ter, born March 27, 1858. son of Michael and Catherine (Folani Flahertv. His education was JOHN J. FLAHERTY. acquired in the common schools. He was ad- mitted to the bar March 4, 1885. Beginning practice at once, he early built up a prosperous and successful business. He is now counsel for the Cape Ann Savings Bank, the Gloucester Mutual Fishing Insurance Company, and other corporations and business firms. He is a mem- ber of the Commonwealth Club and president of the Gloucester Athletic Club. He was married November, 1887, to Miss Abby .S. I.underkin, who died October 26, i8gi, leaving one boy, John j. |r., now living, and one daughter since deceased. FOSS, Eugene Noi'.i.k, of Boston, manufact- urer, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of West Berkshire, September 24, 1858, son of George Fdmond and Marcia ( Noble 1 Foss. His early education was acquired in the public schools of St. Albans, and he fitted for college at the Franklin County (Grammar School there. He en- tered the Vermont State University at Burlington in the autumn of 1S77, but at the end of the soph- omore year left, to engage in business, having early exhibited a taste for active business rather than professional life. He started in the au- tumn of 1879 as a travelling salesman for the St. Albans Manufacturing Company, introducing a patent drying apparatus throughout the West. In the spring of 1882 he became associated with the late Benjamin F. Sturtevant, manufacturer of blowers, as manager of liis busine.ss ; and upon the foundation of the Benjamin F. Sturtevant Company in 1890, after the death of Mr. Sturte- vant, he was made treasurer and general manager of the corporation, the position he still holds. Meanwhile Mr. Foss had become concerned in other business interests : and he is now also presi- dent of the Jamaica Plain Gaslight Company, a director of the Massachusetts Loan and Trust Companv, and treasurer of the New England Phonograph Company. He is interested in edu- cational and denominational matters, as a trustee of the ^'ermont Academy at Saxton's River, \'t.. a trustee of the Newton Theological Seminary, and a director of the Young ]Men's Christian A.s- sociation. In politics he is an earnest Republi- can, but his large business interests have pre- vented his taking an active part in political atTairs. He has, however, served one term as chairman of the Republican ward and city committee for Ward Twentv-three, and for a longer period as a mem- ber of the Republican Congressional committee of his district. He has also served for some time on the directory of the Home Market Club. He is 874 MEN OF PROGRESS. a member of the I3oston Art, the Exchange, the Jamaica, and the EHot clubs. Mr. Foss was mar- ried June 12, 1884, to Miss Lilla Sturtevant, E. N. FOSS. daughter of the late Benjamin F. Sturtevant, his former employer, of Jamaica Plain. They have four children, two boys and two girls : Benjamin Sturtevant (born October 9, 1886), Guy Noble (born April 8, 1888), and Esther and Helen Foss, twins (born January 20, 1894). and then studied art. He was a pupil first of John B. Johnston in Boston, and afterward of Jules Lefebvre, G. R. ('. Boulanger, and Jean Paul Laurens in Paris. He first exhibited in oils at the Boston Art Museum in 1880, and he has since exhibited at the Paris Salon and at the principal water -color exhibitions in the United States. In i8go he received a silver medal for his water colors at the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association exhibition in Boston. The same year the Boston Art Club bought his pict- ure, " Boon Companions," from the spring exhibi- tion of the club, in which the painting occupied the place of honor. Most of Mr. Garrett's works have been published in books to which he has contributed letter-press as well as illustrations. He has published through the house of Little, Brown, &: Co., of Boston, and Osgood, Mcllvaine, & Co., of London, a collection of lyrics, " Eliza- bethan Songs," and through the same house in Boston and J. M. l)ent, of London, "Three Heroines of New England Romance," partly writ- ten by himself. A late volume is '• \'ictorian Songs,'' brought out in 1895. ( )lher books GARRETT, Edmund H., of Boston, artist, was born in .\lbany, N.V., October ig, 1853, son of Anthony and Eliza A. (Miers) Garrett. His paternal grandfather was a native of Bordeaux, named Francis Grenier, who, upon becoming an American citizen, anglicized Grenier to Garret. Afterward the spelling was changed to Garrett. His paternal grandmother was Joanna Van Cam- pano, Isorn in lirussels, Belgium. His mother's father was James .\lexander Miers, liorn in New York City, and iier mother, Deborah Hart (Mas- sey) Miers, born in Lynn, Mass., and a direct descendant of the first child born in Salem. Ed- mund H. was educated in tiie public schools of edited and illustrated i)y him have been published Roxbury and of Boston. For several years, be- by Roberts Brothers, Boston ; and he has done ginning in 1869, he worked at wood engraving, nnich notable w^ork for Houghton, Miftlin, iS; Co., EDMUND H. GARRETT. MKN OK PROGRESS. 875 the Harpers, Casscll & Co.. Dddd, Mead, & Co., the Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, and A. C. .McClurg & Co., Chicago. Mr. Garrett is a mem- ber of the Boston Society of Water Color Painters, of the New York Water Color Chiij, of the Itoston Art Club, the Paint and Clay Club, the Caxton Club of Chicago, and the Duodecimos, a society of literary men and book-lovers residing in differ- ent cities. He was married in Boston, October 24, 1S77, to Miss Marietta (loldsmith. Their first child died in infancy. Their other children are; Edmund AnthoTiv and Julian Carrett. ■ RAYMOND R. OILMAN. OILMAN, Kavmiim) R.-vnd, of Pioston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Shelburne Falls, July 28, 1859, son of Ambrose and Eunice (Wilco.x) Oilman. He is of the old Oilman fam- ily, tracing its lineage back to the earliest days of England. The name of one of his ancestors (Moses Oilman) is among the signatures to the Constitution of the United States. He is directly descended from the Oilmans of New Hampshire, known so many years in the government of that State in its earliest days. His early education was acquired in the public scliools of his native town : and he fmished at the Shelburne Kails Academy, and with law lectures at the Boston University. He began his law studies in the office of the Hon. S. T. Field, formerly district attorney of Franklin C^ounty, and graduated froin the office of the Hon. Frederick I). Ely, now judge of the Municipal Court of Boston, Septem- ber, 1879. He was admitted to the bar Septem- ber 28, 1880, at Dedham, the youngest man ever admitted in Norfolk County. He began practice in ills native town, but early moved to Boston, where he has since been actively engaged. His ad\ancc in his profession has been rapid, espe- cially from the opening of his Boston office, his business having steadily increased and his suc- cess with his cases being marked. .Mr. tJilman is a prominent Odd Fellow, being past grand and past chief patriarch and member of the Orand Lodge. He has taken an active interest in poli- tics, having been president of the Republican Club of Melrose, where he resides ; but he has held no public office. His club aflfiliations are with the Melrose Social and the Melrose Athletic clubs. He was married June 16, 1882, to Miss Kate A. Tuttle, of Jefferson, X.H. They have one child: .\lice K. Oilman i aged eleven vears). (JORDON, Rev. Adoniram Jud.son, of Boston, pastor of the C'larendon Street Baptist Church, was born in New Hampton, N.H., .-Xpril 18, 1836; died in Boston, February i, 1895. He was a son of John Calvin and Sallie (Robinson) Oordon of Scotch ancestr)-. His great-grandfather was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He received his primary education in the town school, and in 1853 entered the New London (N.H.) Academy, with the distinct purpose of fitting himself for the ministry. Graduating from this school with honor, he entered Brown University, and upon his gradu- ation therefrom, in the class of i860, went imme- diately to Newton Theological Seminary, where he took the regular course, finishing in 1863. Before the completion of his studies at the theo- logical school he had become a settled pastor, having accepted the pastorate of the Jamaica Plain Baptist church. He was ordained to the ministry June 29, 1863 ; and his service at Ja- maica Plain covered six years. Receiving then a call to the Clarendon Street Baptist Church, Boston, and most reluctantly accepting it, he began the work in that city to which he devoted the best years of his life. He was installed De- cember 26, 1S69, the day of the death of his dis- 876 MEN OF PROGRESS. tinguished predecessor in the pastorate, the Rev. Dr. Baron Stow. At the time of the resignation of Dr. Stow the church, which had been most prosperous under his ministry, was in a state of decline, owing to the shifting of the population in its neighborhood, and Dr. Gordon addressed himself earnestly and vigorously to the work of upbuilding it with early and most gratifying re- sults. The church building, then new, and dedi- cated the year of his settlement, was soon filled with worshippers, and within a few years the mem- bership was doubled. At various times revivals beginning with the church brought a large num- A. J. GORDON. ber of converts, and during the latter vears of his long pastorate the communicants numbered upwards of a thousand. \Miile a zealous pastor, performing faithfully all his pastoral duties. Dr. Gordon was also an earnest worker in missions, home and foreign, an aggressive temperance advo- cate, a prolific writer, and an editor of missionary periodicals. He was chairman of the executive board of the American Baptist Missionary Union, chosen to that position in 1888, having previously been a member of the board for seventeen years. In 1888 he represented the Union at the World's Missionary Conference in London, after the close of the conference making, in compan\- with Rev. Dr. A. T. Pierson, a tour through Scotland and Northern England, delivering many missionary addresses. In 1889 he founded the Boston Missionary Training School, an institution hold- ing daily and evening sessions in the lecture-room of his church, designed for young men and women desiring to engage in mission work and unable to pursue an academic course, which has graduated a number of home and foreign missionaries and pas- tors' assistants. He was himself president of the school, and instructor in special Biblical and mis- sionary studies. He was also prominent among the founders of the Boston Industrial Home on Davis Street. He was a close friend of the evan- gelist D. C. Moody, and a portion of his time was given each year to assistance in 1 )r. Moody's con- ferences at Northfield. His first book, " In Christ,'' was brought out in 1872, and is now in its seventh edition. Then followed '■ Congregational \\'or- ship," also written in 1872. ']"he ne.xt volume, "Grace and Glory," a collection of sermons, ap- peared in 1 88 1. Then came the "Ministry of Healing, or Miracles of Cure in All Ages," in 1882, now in its fourth edition: "Twofold Life" in 1884, now in its third edition; " 'I'he Holv Spirit in Missions," six lectures delivered April, 1892, to the Dutch Reformed divinity students at New Brunswick, N.J., in 1893 ; the " Coronation Hymnal," collaborated with Dr. A. T. Pierson, in 1894; and numerous published sermons, special articles, and sixteen lyrics at various times. His last work, " The Ministry of the .Spirit," was issued the week of his death. " In Christ," " Twofold Life," " The Ministry of Healing," and " Ecce ^^e^it " have been rendered into Swedish ; and a German translation of " Ecce \'enit " is under way. His editorial work was as editor of the ]Vati/noord, a religious monthly magazine, and as assistant editor of the Missionary Review of t/ie World. He was for many years a member of the Board of Trustees oi Brown University, and in 1S77 received from that institution the honorary degree of D.l). Dr. G.irdim was married Octo- ber 13, 1S63. to Miss Maria Hale, of Providence, R.I.. daughter of Isaac and Harriet (Johnson) Hale. They had eight children, six of whom are now living: Harriet Hale (now wife of the Rev. E. M. Poteat, of New Haven, Conn.), Ernest B., Elsie, Arthur H., Helen M., and Theodora Living- stone (rordon. lioth of the sons are graduates of Harvard, and the daughter Helen M. is a stu- dent at Wellesley College. Mrs. Gordon \\ as for MKN OF l'KOGKi:s.S. .S77 fifteen years the president of the Boston W Christian Temperance Union, decHning further to serve ; and is a most acceptable pubHc speaker. (;()RI)()N, Ja.mks Li>i;ax. of Boston, president of the Lyceum League of America, was born in Philadelphia, Penna., March 28, 1858, son of John Robert and Margaret (Logan) Gordon. He is of Scotch-Irish parentage, his father being a Scotch- man and his mother of the north of Ireland. His education was limited to a few years of school- ing, due to his restless desire to be earning some- thing : and at twelve he was at work as an errand boy, turning over three dollars a week to the slen- der family treasury. Inheriting from his father a fondness for solid literature, what he lacked in academic training he made up through wide and careful reading of good books : and, while an in- dustrious worker, he early gained a name among his associates for breadth of culture and original- ity of thought. Steadily ad\ancing in business, at the age of twenty-two he was in charge of the foreign invoice department of John Wanamaker's extensive establishment in Philadelphia. He was thus brought into contact with the heads of depart- ments, and with Mr. Wanamaker's financial man- ager, the late John F. Hillnian, occasionally also with Mr. Wanamaker himself, and so obtained an insight into financial management for which he later developed peculiar fitness as an executive otticer in \'oung Men's Christian Associations of the foremost Eastern cities. In the many-sided work of these organizations he soon became known as a popular leader among young men. His first field was Easton, Penna., with a popula- tion of twelve' thousand ; and in the brief period of nine years he had passed from his modest office there, through a succession of promotions, to the general secretaryship of the Poston Asso- ciation, the oldest and perhaps the largest Young Men's Christian Association in the United States. During this period he had served, after Easton. in Erie, Penna.. with a population of forty thousand, as business manager of the Brooklyn, N.Y., As.so- ciation, and as State secretary of the associations in Connecticut, of the executive committee of which Charles A. Jewell of Hartford was the chair- man. He had been in Connecticut scarcely two years when the call from the Boston Association came, and inducements were held out which could not be resisted. In all his work he has shown not Oman's only a genius in planning great undertakings in connection with organizations for which he is re- sponsible, but a mastery of details down to the smallest. Mr. Gordon has also become widely known in evangelical church circles as a pulpit and platform speaker of striking originality and personal power. With a remarkable memory, a vocabulary enriched by hours among his books, a faculty for analysis and close-fitting logic, it is said of him that he always '• stands before his au- dience, large or .small, master of himself, his sub- ject, and his hearers. On the platform as off he is a man of manv moods. Flashes of wit enliven JAMES LOGAN CORDON. every address : but every public effort is closed in exactly the same manner, — the speaker gives his audience some solid thought or idea, which leaves it in a sober, reflective mood.'' Mr. Gordon has written a number of books, among them " I My- self, " a book on indixiduality, " A rather Fast Young Man," " Phillips Brooks,'' •' Five 'I'housand \'oung''; and he is now writing a volume on present problems, which will bear the general title of "Under Discussion.'' He was elected to his present position of president of the Lj'ceum League of America — an organization having a constituency of forty thousand young men and women — in 1895. Mr. Gordon was married in 878 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1887, to Miss Lillian Hoffman James, of Read- ing, Penna. tl^ \^ the Globe Street Railway Company, and of nu- merous other large corporations in Fall River and in South-eastern Massachusetts. Mr. Grime is a member of the local alumni association of Brown University and the Harvard Law School Association, of Quequechan and Commercial clubs of Fall River, of the Masons, Commandery Godfred de 15oillon, the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and of various athletic clubs. HACKETT, Orlando Jacob, of Boston, gen- eral secretary of the Lyceum League of America, was born in Maine, on a farm near Auburn, No- vember 28, 1869, son of Jacob Hackett and Elsie (Maxwell) Hackett. He moved into the city when a boy, and was educated in the public schools of Auburn, where he lived until he came to Boston, early in 1895. His professional career was begun as a teacher, and he was for some time professor of music in the Auburn public schools. .Subsequently he became a public singer and reader, and was brought into professional connec- tion in various ways with public men. In June, GEORGE GRIME. GRIME, George, of Fall River, city solicitor, is a native of Fall River, born September 7, 1859, son of William E. and Ruth (Mellor) Grime. He attended the public schools, including a three years' course in the Fall River High School, and was graduated from Brown University in the class of 1886, with the degree of A.B. Subsequently, in 1890, he received the degree of A.M. from his i!///ii7 mater. After graduation he studied in an office for one year, then in the autumn of 1887 entered the Harvard Law School, and was gradu- ated there with the degree of LL.B. in i8go. In the spring of that year he was admitted to the bar in Bristol County. He began practice in Fall River in the following autumn. Upon the acces- sion of the Hon. Henry K. Braley, of liraley & Swift, to the bench of the Superior Court, he formed a copartnership with the Hon. Marcus G. B. Swift, under the firm name of Swift & Grime, which relation still exists. He was first elected , city solicitor of Fall River in 1893, and re-elected in 1894 and 1895. His law firm is attorney for the Fall River Savings Bank, the Citizens' Sav- ings Bank, the Troy Co-operative Bank, the Po- casset National Bank, the National Union Bank, O. J. HACKETT. 1895, he became general secretary of the Lyceum League of America and of the Parliament of Man, an au.xiliary association for older members of the MEN OF PROGRESS. 879 loniicr diganizalion, the objects of Ixith l)ein^ " the promotion of intelligent patriotism and the de\eIopment of practical good citizenship in the young men and women of America." The League issues a monthly magazine, the New Century, which is dexoted to its interests. As general secretary, Mr. Hackett visits many of the fifteen hundred lyceums of the League which are scat- tered through all the States and Territories, for the purpose of stimulating tlie Lyceum work, organiz- ing new lyceums, and interesting public and pri- vate citizens in the work. Mr. Hackett is un- married. HARLOW, Louis Kinney, of Boston, artist, was born in Wareham, March 28, 1850, son of Ivory H. and Mary (Kinney) Harlow. On the paternal side he is of English descent, and on the maternal side of Scotch. He was educated in the public schools and at Phillips ('Andover) Academy. His artistic bent was displayed in childhood, and at school he did good work in blackboard sketching. At the age of twelve he began the study of pencil drawing from an Eng- lish artist resident in his native place, and to this instruction he accords whatever of skill he has in the use of the point. After graduating from tlie academy, he entered mercantile life ; but for this he had little liking, and finally aban- doned it for a professional career, to which he had all along been inclined. In 1880 he opened his first studio in the Studio Building, Boston, and applied himself largely to water-color paint- ing. The merits of his work were recognized first in the West; and in 1882, receiving a call from a class of about thirty art students in De- troit, Mich., he. went to that city. He also taught in other Western places, and through his success as an art teacher he enlarged the market for the productions from his brush. His first important exhibition in the East, of' about fifty water colors, was given in Boston during January, 1886, and was a pronounced success, the best critics speak- ing warmly in its praise, and the picture-buying public responding with commissions. In this exhibition the delicacy of his work, notably in atmospheric effects and the sentiment expressed in it, were especially remarked. The success that followed enabled him shortly after to go abroad, and he spent some time in Holland in further study and work from Dutch subjects. In later years he visited England and France, and also repeatedly revisited Holland, which is his favorite field. Mr. Harlow has done much also in book illustration and in work for reproduction by lithographers. His subjects are most varied, including flowers and figures, landscapes and marines, pastoral views, illustrations of the poets. His work is popular on both sides of the Atlantic, art publishers in England and Germany having used with success his drawings for publication. His recent commissions have taken him into nearly every country for sketches. His best- known pictures include " Etchings of i:)aybreak," " Sketches in Dutchland," "Snow-Bound," "Home LOUIS K. HARLOW. of E\angeline," ••Oreen Pastures," "Still Waters," many marine studies, "Oft" Rockland Light," "The Old Powder House," "The Old Manse." Mr. Harlow now resides at Waban (in Newton), main- taining his studio, as at the outset of his profes- sional career, in Boston. He was married .\pril 23, 1873, to Miss Julia A. Coombs, of Middle- borough. They have three children : Arthur B., Ralph Leroy, and Marjorie K. Harlow. HP^.XTH, Daniki, Coi.lamore, of Boston, pub- lisher, is a native of Maine, born in the town of Salem, October 26, 1843, son of Daniel and Mila 88o RiEx OF proc;ke.ss. Ann (Record) Heath. His early education was acquired in tlie common scliools of his native town, after which he attended the academy at Farmington, Me., and spent a year at the Nichols Latin School in Lewiston, Me., fitting for college. He graduated at Amherst in the class of 1868. After leaving college, he was principal of the High School in Southborough, Mass., for two years, and then spent two years at the Bangor Theological Seminary (Maine). The next year he was travelling abroad on account of ill-health. Upon his return he became supervisor of schools at Farmington, Me., in which position he con- tinued for a year. At the end of that service, in 1874, he engaged in the book trade, representing C;inn IJrothers, publishers, at Rochester, N.\'. After a year in Rochester he opened a branch house for that firm in New York City, and re- mained there for a year. Then he became a member of the firm of Ginn & Heath, Boston, and so continued until 1886, when he sold his in- terest in the business, and established the house of D. C. Heath & Co., of which he is still the senior partner. The firm's list of authors D. C. HEATH. includes professors in the leading universities, colleges, and technical schools of this countrj-, besides text-book writers of established reputation connected with the London University, the Uni- versity of Toronto, St. Andrew's, Scotland, the University of Sweden, and other educational in- stitutions of Europe. Its list of publications em- brace books for use in universities, colleges, normal schools, academies, public and private schools, including te.xt-books for nearly all depart- ments of instruction. The house stands for mod- ern ideas in educational works, and its books are in the direct line of educational progress. It believes in the laboratory method in history and literature, as well as in the sciences ; and its pub- lications on these lines and made in this direction have done much toward leading up to better methods. The English books of the house are edited on the theory that it is more important to impress the student with the literary aspect of the work or author in hand rather than to use the author's material for study of philology or gram- mar ; and it is now issuing a valuable series of Shakspere Plays by Cambridge and O.xford men, based on this plan. In reading, it is the theory of the house that children should be made ac- C|uainted as early as possible with the best litera- ture ; and, accordingly, it has published a series entitled the " Heart of Oak Books," edited by Professor Charles Eliot Norton, of Harvard. In 1892 the firm entered into contract with the Uni- versity of Chicago to take charge of the publica- tions in the important department of the Univer- sity Press (one of the three great departments into which that institution is divided), through which are to be issued works in Sanskrit. He- brew, Greek, German, and other languages, as well as in English, and regular series of papers or periodicals from each school of the graduate department. Among its many notable general works are : Corson's " Introductions to Shake- speare and Browning," Moulton's "Literary Study of the Bible," Boutwell's "Constitution of the United States at the End of the First Century," Dole's "The American Citizen," Gide's "Prin- ciples of Political Economy," and Wilson's "The .State." The house has a long list of all books on science, mathematics, history and civics, over twenty-five books on education, a series of liooks on drawing and music, and about one hundred and fifty modern language te.xts in Heath's " Mod- ern Language Series," which have received the highest commendation from representative profes- sors of languages here and abroad. The firm has in press for early publication a text-book on " In- MEN OK PROGRESS. 88 1 ternational Law," by Professor Lawrence, formerly of Cambridge University, England, more recently of Chicago University. Mr. Heath is a member of the University, Twentieth Century, and Congre- gational clubs of Jioston, of the Newton Club of Newton, and of the Akline (publishers) Club of New York. He was married in January, 1881, to Mrs. Nelly Lloyd (Jones) Knox, of Colorado Springs, and a native of Tennessee. The chil- dren are: James Lloyd Knox, Stanley I)., Arnold C, Daniel ('.. Jr., and Warren Heath. at least eight thousand witliout amputation, lock- jaw, gangrene, blood poisoning, or bad result. In 1895 he was appointed health inspector to take HEATH, Nkwton Emmkr, M\\. of Stock- bridge, was born in Monterey, Berkshire County, May 14, 1861, son of Charles Edmund and Lydia Carey (I )e Vol) Heath. His father was a physi- cian and assistant surgeon of the Fifty-seventh Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, in the Civil War, and his paternal grandfather was a sturdy New England farmer. His mother was a Qua- keress. He was educated in the public schools, graduating from the High School of the town of Lee. At the age of eighteen he entered the Albany Medical College and at the same time the surgical dispensary of Dr. John Swinburne. After his graduation from the college, in 1883, he continued for a year with Dr. Swinburne, the lat- ter giving him the position of first assistant. In this association he gained a practical knowledge of the surgery of accidents and injuries which has been invaluable in his life-work. While with Dr. Swinburne he was appointed assistant overseer of the poor of Albany, and in this capacity had the investigation of all applications for charity and the charge of admissions to the hospitals throughout the State. In 1884, after his mar- riage, he began regular practice in Stockbridge, meeting with early success and doing a good work, especially in accidents and injuries. In 189 1 a flattering offer came to him from 'I'roy, N.V, where the work was mainly the treatment of accidents, — work for which his training had fitted him and which he most enjoyed. Accord- ingly, he moved to that city, but, it proving un- healthy there for his wife and boy, he returned to Stockbridge two years later. His practice is steadily increasing ; and, with health and strength, he hopes to leave a few less cripples in the world. He has directly or indirectly been in sixteen thou- sand accident cases, in which there have been but two amputations ; and he has personally treated 'iMf^ NEWTON E. HEATH. charge of and investigate contagious diseases, and to enforce the quarantine ordered in such cases. In politics Dr. Heath is what is called a Mugwump, voting for the men who, in his judg- ment, are best fitted to fill office. He was married February 26. 1884, to Miss Oldfield, of Cornwall, Conn. They have two children: Leslie Oldfield (aged five years) and I'redcrick Selden Heath (one year). HENDERSON, Johx D., of Everett, builder and dexeloper of suburban property, is a native of Scotland, born in the little town of Gatehouse, October 27, 1849, son of John and Jennie (John- son) Henderson. He was educated in a pri- vate school, and at the age of fourteen was ap- prenticed to learn the carpenter's trade. After serving his time of five years, he left home, and came to this country, landing in Boston. He at once found lucrative employment, and was soon engaged on important work. In less than a year after his arrival he was employed as foreman for Henry F. Durant, in the construction of the Wellesley College buildings. While superintend- 882 MEN OF PROGRESS. ing this work, which covered some time, he also served as ciiairman of tlie board, but the second had the oversight of the building of other large year declined that position. He was one of the structures. In 1872, forming a partnership with town committee which in 1892 secured the city charter, and was elected a member of the first Board of Aldermen of the city of Everett. He is a member of Palestine Lodge of Freemasons, past grand master of Everett Lodge of the order of Odd Fellows, and a member of Assawomsett Tribe of Red Men. He is a prominent member of the Glendon Club. Mr. Henderson was mar- ried in 1S79 '^o Miss Emily .S. Thring, of 15oston. HILL, General Hollis Boardman, of Bos- ton, of the National Law and Collection Ex- change, was born in Stetson, Me., May 31, 1845, son of Hezekiah and Emily Maria (Hill) Hill. On the paternal side he is of good old New Eng- land stock, and on the maternal side of notable military stock. His maternal grandfather was an officer in the Fourth Regiment, I'nited .States regular army, and died immediately after the battle of Tippecanoe : General Hill possesses the last letter he wrote, in which he said that as soon JOHN D. HENDERSON. an older brother, James M. Henderson, under the firm name of Henderson Brothers, he moved to Everett, and then began the work of suburban de- velopment through the erection of moderate-cost houses and their sale on easy terms, in which he has since been engaged. His firm was among the pioneers in this line of business, and in the rapid upbuilding of Everett in recent years it has taken a prominent part. Since the beginning of their enterprise here the brothers have built up- ward of seven hundred houses, of modern style, fully equipped with modern conveniences, and have opened up an e.xtensive territory. They now have their own lumber-yards, saw-mills, planing-mills, paint-shops, and other works for the preparation of material used in house-build- ing, and, with their large force of regular work- men and mechanics, perform all the labor of erecting their houses, from the breaking of ground for the cellar to the finish. In 189 1 Mr. Hender- son was elected a member of the Board of Over- seers of the Poor, receiving the largest vote ever as he recovered he would give an account of the cast in Everett for a candidate for that office, and battle. At one time during the Civil War General was re-elected in 1892. During his first term he Hill himself, when nineteen years old, with rank HOLLiS B HILL. MEN OF PROGRESS. 88- of lieutenant in tlie volunteer service, coninianded the same army post that his grandfather had com- mand of in iSio and 1811. His great-grand- father on his mother's side was an officer in the French and Indian wars; and his mother's brother, and the latter's son, were graduates of West Point. Hollis B. Hill was educated in the common school at Stetson, at Corinth ( Me.) Acad- emy, and at the commercial college in Portland, Me. His training for active life was in mercantile business. He was for some years in the wliole- sale grocery trade as a member of the firm of \V. & C. R. Milliken in Portland, Me. In 1888, having lost his health, he withdrew from business, and for the ne.xt four years was in the South, where he was interested in a blast furnace and other enterprises. In 1892, his health then being restored, he associated himself with Colonel Joseph W. Spaulding in the law and collection business in Boston, forming the National Law and Collec- tion Exchange, which he has since conducted, the business extending over the United States, and into the Canadas and Europe. General Hill has served on the staff of Governor Davis, of Maine, as aide-de-camp, with the rank of lieutenant colo- nel ; on Governor ISodwell's staff, as commissary general, with the rank of colonel ; and on Gov- ernor Marble's staff, as inspector-general, with rank of brigadier-general. He is a member of the military order of Loyal Legion, and of Burn- side Post, Grand Army of the Republic, Auburn, Me. \\'hile residing in Portland, he served in the Common Council in 1 886-8 7. He was also a director of the Cumberland National Bank of Portland, and of the Northern Banking Company, and one of the founders of the Portland Club. In politics Mr. Hill has always been a Republi- can. He was married October 27, 1870, to Miss Harriet Morrill Quinby, daughter of the Rev. George Quinby, D.D., of Augusta, Me. 'I'hey have one son : George Quinby Hill. business, and in 1891 formed the present firm of E. C. Hodges & Co. He was appointed to the Boston Park Commission by Mayor Curtis in HODGES, Edward Carroll, of Boston, banker, was born in Roxbury, .December 24, 1855, son of Almon D. and Jane (Glazier) Hodges. He was educated in the common and High schools of Roxbury. In the battallion of the latter he was major in 1874. He began active life in the hardware business, with Dodge, Gilbert, & Co., in Boston. In 1880 he became a member of the firm of Emery & Hodges in the banking E. C. HODGES. 1895, and is now chairman of tlie board. In poli- tics he is a Republican. He is a member of the Algonquin, Athletic, and Country clubs, and of the Corinthian, Eastern, and Manchester yacht clubs. Mr. Hodges was married May 12, 1891, to Miss Ethel .\. Davis, of San Francisco. They ha\e two children: Charles I), and Sibyl A. Hodges. HOLMES, Oliver Wendell, of Boston, pro- fessor, essayist, and poet, was born in Cambridge, .\ugust 29, 1809 ; died in Boston October 7, 1894. His father, the Rev. Abiel Holmes, was pastor of the First Parish Church of Cambridge from 1792 to 1832, and a valued writer upon historical sub- jects, publishing as early as 1805 the ".American Annals '' (republished in 1827 under the title of '■ .\nnals of America, 1492-1826 "), a chronologi- cal history, and contributing frequently to the Collections of the Massachusetts Historical .So- ciety; and his mother was a daughter of Oliver Wendell, a merchant of Boston, later judge of pro- bate for Suffolk County, a selectman during the siege of P)Oston, and a member of the corporation 884 MEN OF PROGRESS. of Harvard C'ollej^e from 1778 to 1S12. On the paternal side lie was a direct descendant of John Holmes, from England, who settled in Woodstock, Conn., in 1686. His grandfather, l)a\id Holmes, grandson of John, was a captain of British troops in the French war, and subsequently served as a surgeon in the Revolutionarv armv. His mater- nal ancestors were Dutch, the first in America being F.vert Jansen Wendell, who came to .VI- banv in 1645 from Knibden, in East Friesland, on the border between Germany and the Nether- lands. His great-grandfather, Jacob Wendell, moved from Albany to Boston in the eighteenth century, and became one of the wealthiest mer- chants of the town, served in the tow-n govern- ment, and was colonel of a Boston military com- pany. He married a daughter of Dr. James Oliver, and had twelve children, one of whom, the youngest daughter, married John Phillips, and became the mother of Wendell I^hillips. Dr. Holmes's maternal grandmother was a daughter of Edward and Dorothy (Quincy) Jackson. His great-grandmother Quincy was the "Dorothy Q.'" celebrated in his famous poem of that name, and her niece became the wife of John Hancock. His mother reached the venerable age of ninety- three, and his father died at seventy-four. Dr. Holmes was educated in Cambridge private schools, at Phillips (Andover) Academy, where he was fitted for college, and at Harvard, graduating in the class of 1829. Among his classmates were Benjamin Peirce, subsequently the eminent mathe- matician and astronomer, James Freeman Clarke, Chandler Robbins, afterward long pastor of the Second Church, Boston, William H. Channing, George T. Bigelow, who became judge of the Massachusetts Supreme Court, Benjamin R. Curtis, later justice of the I'nited States Supreme Court, and Samuel F. Smith, who wrote " .\mer- ica " ; and other college mates were the historian Motley, Charles Sumner, and Charles C. Emerson, brother of Ralph Waldo Emerson. He shone early as the poet of his class, and was chosen class poet. He delivered the poem before the Hasty Pudding Club, and had some lines at Com- mencement. Also while in college he was joint author with Park Benjamin and John O. Sargent of a little volume of satirical verses entitled " Poetical Illustrations of the .\thena-uiii Gallery of Paintings." After leaving college, he gave a year to the study of law at the law school, and then took up medicine at the medical school. While a law student, he was a regular contributor to the Co//ci;iuii> IRA O. KNAPP. emigrated to New Hampshire, in the year 1781, and was among the first settlers of the town of Lyman, with fifteen miles of unbroken wilderness around them. Here father and son cleared a farm and made a home for themselves, which w-as owned and occupied by some of the family rela- tives for one hundred and three years. The sol- dier and pioneer lived to see his one hundredth year. His brother Jonathan, who also came from Norton to live with him, reached the age of more than one hundred years. The grandfather and grandmother of Ira O. Knapp — Elijah and Sally (Elliott) Knapp — reared twelve children on this homestead, and lived to the age of ninety-two years each. On the mother's side the grand- mother, Mindwell (Hoskins) Bartlett, was of Spanish descent on the maternal side, in whose family line were titled names. Her life of active usefulness spanned a century of years, lacking nine months. The details of the exemplary life of his mother and father and other family kindred would fill volumes worthy of notice. Of the scores of relatives, not a dissipated nor immoral person is known among them. Mr. Knapp's early educa- tion was limited to the common schools of his town and four academic terms in other places. He taught in the district schools of his own and adjoining towns, and was for several j-ears super- intendent of schools ; and at different times held several other town offices. He was also for some time a justice of the peace. In politics he is a Republican. He has been a successful farmer ; and, although several opportunities offered, he was not induced to leave his home among the granite hills of his nativity until 1888, when he moved to Boston in the interests of Christian Science, which he had for four years previous studied and prac- tised under the teachings of the Rev. Mary Baker Eddy, discoverer and founder of Christian Science, author of its te.xt book " Science and Health, with Key to the .Scriptures," and president of the Mas- sachusetts Metaphysical College, chartered in 1 88 1. He is a normal graduate of this college, receiving the degree of C.S.D. He is one of the original members of the " Christian Science Board of Directors,'' in accordance with the gift and deed of Church Lot by Mrs. Eddy, September i , 1892, and the first president of that organization, during which time has been erected from the granite rock of New Hampshire the beautiful and costly fire-proof church edifice on the corner of Falmouth and Norway Streets, Boston. He is one of the original members of the Christian Science Bible Committee for tlie compilation of explanatory references of the International Series MEN OK PROGRESS. 891 of Bible Lessons. These references are taken from the Bible and from " Science and Health," and are designed to elucidate the Scriptures from a Christian Science basis ; and they form the Christian Science Quarterly, used in all the Chris- tian Science churches. Mr. Knapp and his wife are of the original twelve " first members " which formed " The First Church of Christ, Scientist," in Boston, September 23, 1892, under the new form without legal organization, and which now numbers over five thousand members. Mr. Knapp was married May i, 1866, to Miss Flavia F. Stickney. They have four children : Sprague A., Daphne S., Ralph H., and Bliss Knapjj. of the Master Printers' Club of Boston, and of the Merchants' Club of Boston. In politics he is a Republican. He was married June 11, 1872,10 KNIGHT, Clarence Howard, of Boston, mer- chant, is a native of Boston, born September i, 1848, son of Francis and Sarah (Gay) Knight, originally «t West Dedham. He is a descendant of the Colburn family of arithmetical fame, and of a race which has been quick at figures. His father was for fifty-three years in active business at one place, No. 34 Cornhill, head of the firm of F. Knight & Son, teamsters and forwarders. He was educated in Boston public schools. At the age of fifteen he began work in the store of Chase, Nichols, & Co., general book and stationery job- bing business, Boston. After three years there he entered the employ of Snow, Boyden, & Knight in the same business as a travelling salesman. He ne.xt became general manager for Noyes, Holmes, & Co., afterward Lockwood, Brooks, & Co., with whom he remained for a number of years. Then in 1878, associating himself with Frederic Mills, he established a job printing-office on Congress Street (afterward removing to No. 60 Pearl Street), and, conceiving a unique medium for advertisements, which would itself be serviceable, became a pioneer in the manufacture of leather removable memorandum books for advertising purposes. Since he began work as a boy in the store of Chase, Nichols, & Co., he has not lost a day's pay. Mr. Knight is a member of the Dor- chester Lodge, Knights of Honor ; of Dorchester Council, Royal .\rcanum ; of E\'erett Lodge, An- cient Order of IJ'nited Workmen ; is a member of L'nion Lodge Freemasons and a Knight Tem- plar; and has been chairman of the Board of Finance of the New Kngland Order of Protection for seven years. He is also a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, CLARENCE H. KNIGHT. Julia Holden, of Dorchester. They have one son : Henry F. Knight, now (1895) a senior at Harvard College. Mr. Knight's residence is in the Dor- chester District of Boston. L.VXE, William Coolidck, of Boston, libra- rian of the J5oston Athenaeum, was born in .Vew- tonville, July 29, 1859, son of William H., Jr., and Caroline M. (Coolidge) Lane. On the maternal side he is from the Coolidge, Dawes, Curtis, Bass, Alden, and Loring families, early New England settlers. He was educated in the public schools of Newton and at Harvard College, graduating .\.B. in the class of 1881. He entered the Har- vard College Library immediately after gradua- tion, as assistant under Mr. Winsor, and so con- tinued till 1887, when he was appointed assistant librarian ; and that position he held till his ap- pointment to the librarianship of the Boston Athena.'um, in .\pril, 1893. He has been inter- ested in library affairs or library science since the beginning of his connection with the college library. He has been secretary and treasurer of the American Library Association, Publishing 892 MEN OF PROGRESS. Section, since its formation in 1S86; president of the Massacliusetts Library Clulj in i8gi ; and lias been librarian of the Dante Society since .^' II VJ 1 X Point by invitation of members of the Boston Yacht Club, of which the elder Lawley was a member. Here they have since been established, steadily increasing their business and fame. In the autumn of 1890 the firm was transformed into a corporation, under the title of the George Law- ley & Son Corporation, with George F. as presi- dent, his father then retiring. Among the famous craft which the Lawleys built prior to their incorporation were the sloop yacht •' Puri- tan," defender of the America cup against the " Genesta " in 18S5 ; the famous "Mayflower," which defeated the "Galatea" in 1886; the schooner yacht " Merlin " ; and they finished the " Volunteer," which was successful in defeat- ing the "Thistle" in 1887. Since the foundation of the corporation they have built the "Jubilee," the steam yacht "Alcedo," the "Alcere," the " Aquilo," and numerous other well-known yachts. Mr. Lawley is a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, of the United Order of Pilgrim Fathers, of the Adelphi Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and of the Boston Yacht W. C. LANE. 1888. He has also been corresponding secretary of the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard College since 1889, and a director of the Cambridge Social L'nion since 1894. He has resided in Cambridge since 1877. Mr. Lane is unmarried. LAWLE\', Geor(;k FuKniikicK, of Boston, yacht builder, was born in I^ondon, England. December 4, 1848, son of George and Martha (.Ainge) Law-ley. His parents came to America in 185 1, when he was a child of three, and estab- lished their home in East Boston. He was edu- cated in the Boston public schools, mostly in the Chapman School, and afterward took a business course in the Boston Commercial College. At the age of fourteen he began work as a boy and clerk in a grocery store in East Boston, and tiiere remained for four years. In i866, the family removing to the town of Scituate, he engaged with his father in boat-building, constructing mostly fishing-boats, though occasionally building larger vessels. They continued in Scituate till 1874, when their works were removed to South Boston CEO. P. LAWLEY. Club. He was married February 14, 1872, to Miss Hannah A. Damon, of Scituate. They have one son : Frederick D. Lawley. MEN Ol" PROGRESS. 893 LEACH, James Edward, of IJostnn, nunil)Lr Leach was married July 16, 1889, to Miss Alice of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Hridgewater, M. Frye, daughter of James N. and Sabina (Bach- born December i, 1850, son of Philander and eler) I'Vve, of Hoston. LESH, John Henrv, of Huston, merchant, is a native of Pennsylvania, born in the town of Durham, Bucks County, May 30, 1846, son of Henry and Margaret (Uhler) Lesh. He was educated in the public schools and by private in- struction from an old Presbyterian preacher, the Rev. J. L. Grant, to whom he is indebted for a careful training for active life. Intending to follow a profession, he took up the study of medicine, and, entering the medical department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, graduated therefrom in the spring of 1866. After practising a number of years, however, and having married the daughter of a tanner, upon the death of his father-in-law he entered one of the tanneries in which the latter had been concerned, and gave his attention to business. When he had spent about three years here, his brother-in-law, Wilson Kistler, senior member of the present tirm of Kistler, Lesh, & JAMES E. LEACH. Sarah T. (Cushman) Leach. He is a descendant on the paternal side of Giles Leach, who came to New England from England in 1656, and settled in Weymouth ; and, on the maternal side, of Robert Cushman, a member of the Pilgrim church at Leyden, and his son Thomas, who came over at the age of fourteen in the ship " Fortune" in 162 i, and subsequently became the successor of \Mlliam Brewster as elder of the Plymouth church. He is also descended through his mother from John Alden, Miles Standish, and Isaac Allerton of the "Mayflower" passengers. Mr. Leach was educated at Bridgewater Academy and Brown University, graduating from the latter in 1874. His law studies were pursued in the Boston University Law School, from which he graduated in 1876, and also in the law office of Hosea Kingman in Bridgewater. He was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar in 1876, and has since practised in Boston. In 1894 he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He is a member and was one of the organizers of the University Club of Boston, and member of Revere Lodge of Ma.sons. Mr. JOHN H. LESH. Co., offered him a position in the hide and leather commission house in New York, then composed of the brothers Kistler; and he has been actively 894 MEN OF PROGRESS. connected with this house from that time, a period of upward of twelve years. He became a member of the firm in 1883, when the present firm name was adopted, and the house was established in Boston. Mr. Lesh has been connected with the Masonic order ever since he reached his majority. In politics he is a Republican and a Protectionist. He was married January 12, 1869, to Miss Mary E. Kistler, daughter of Stephen Kistler. They have three children ; Harriett M. (now wife of W. F. Camp, Morganton, N.C,}, Henry Fred, and Maud Lesh. Grip Machine Company of Maiden and the Grip Wire Mills of the same place, president of the Winthrop Steamboat Company, and interested in LEWIS, Orlando Ethelbert, of Boston, shoe machinery manufacturer, is a native of Ohio, born near Kenton, Hardin County, July 19, 1847, son of Richard Kennedy and Elizabeth (Jackson) Lewis, both also natives of Ohio. His father, a farmer, died in 1848. His boyhood was spent on the farm, with the experience familiar to country boys ; and his early school life was confined to the district school. Before he was fifteen years old, he left school for the army, and saw much hard service during the Civil War. Enlisting in Com- pany D, Fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteers, he served with his regiment in numerous engage- ments, until disabled, through a period of three years. Discharged from Harewood Hospital in Washington, March 9, 1863, he returned a short time to his studies, and then finished in a com- mercial college. His business career was begun at the age of twenty as a commercial traveller. For nearly fifteen years he was an agent on " the road," at first for others, then for himself as a shoe manufacturer. From the practical experi- ence thus gained he, with Professor S. W. Robin- son of the Ohio State University, drifted into m- venting and developing shoe machinery. It is in this field that Mr. Lewis has had his most marked success. Their machines are known and used the world over where shoes are made, Mr. Lewis is now the largest stockholder in, and business man- ager and director of, the Wire Grip Fastening Company, controlling the business in the United States, and a director of tlie foreign companies of this enterprise. Taking advantage of a great strike among shoemakers in Europe some years ago, he personally introduced his machinery in England and on the Continent. He was a pioneer in this line of business, which has since grown to large proportions. He is also president of the O. E. LEWIS. other business enterprises. In Winthrop, where he resides, he has been chairman of the Board of Selectmen for the past four years ; and he is largely interested in real estate there. Mr. Lewis is a member of the John A. Andrew Post, No. 15, Grand Army of the Republic, of the Art, the Apollo, and the Congregational clubs of Boston. In pol- itics he is a Republican, and in religious faith a Congregationalist, member of the Park Street Church, Boston. He was married in 1869 to Miss Eliza M. Seymour. They have one child : Nellie E. Lewis. LOVELL, John Prince, of Boston, president of the John P. Lovell Arms Company, was born in East Braintree, July 25, 1820, son of John P. and Esther (Derby) Lovell. His boyhood was passed between school and work, through which he gained a rugged training for active life. He first attended the village school, then had eighteen months' tuition at the Weymouth Academy, and at the age of eleven w'as at work in a cotton fac- tory in East liraintree. He was there employed MEN OF PROGRESS. 895 for about a year, when his mother moving to Bos- ton, and opening a boarding-house on Court Street, op])osite the old Court House, he left, and came with her to the city. Here he had the ben- efit of more schooling, attending the old Hawkins Grammar School for a year or so. Then he re- turned to work, finding a place in the gunsmith shop of Aaron K. Fairbanks, at that time on the corner of Exxhange Street and Dock Square. He was there employed for about three months, his principal occupation being the hardening of his muscles by working the blacksmith's bellows. Next he became a clerk in the grocery store of Frederick Smith on Court Square, the site of which is now covered by Young's Hotel. After eight months' experience there he obtained a sit- uation with Mr. \\'ilson, a tailor, on the corner of State and Devonshire Streets. He had been in the latter place about six months, acquiring a fair knowledge of the rudiments of trade, when he w'as invited by a Mr. Fuller, then a representative to the General Court from the town of Holland, and boarding at Mrs. Lovell's house, to go with him to Holland. He accepted the invitation, and at the end of the legislative session left the tailor's shop, and accompanied the legislator to his country home. There he entered a cotton factory, and worked diligently for three months ; and then, be- coming homesick, he turned his face again toward Boston. Being without money, he obtained per- mission from a drover, who was taking a flock of sheep to Brighton, to accompany him, and walked the entire distance, — about si.xty miles. Back in Boston, he returned to the employ of Mr. Fair- banks, and remained with him for some time. Then he entered the service of Jabez Hatch, the well-known auctioneer, on Congress Street, and continued with the latter's brother, Samuel Hatch, who succeeded to the business, and became one of the best and most popular auctioneers in Boston. Auctioneering not being to his liking, after a few- months with Mr. Hatch he went back to Mr. Fair- banks's gunsmith shop, and apprenticed himself to Mr. Fairbanks till his majority, the condition being wages at the rate of two dollars a week and twenty-five dollars for clothing the first year, and an increase of fifty cents a week per year, with clothing allowance of ten dollars' advance per year for the remainder of the time. When he reached the age of nineteen, he was in charge of the shop : and a year later, one year before the date of the e-xpiration of his apprenticeship, he was offered a partnership in the business, Mr. Fairbanks, being out of health, agreeing to give a half-interest and to furnish the full amount of capital required. He accepted the proposition, and then began the de- velopment of the house with which he has so long been identified. The first year five men were em- ployed, and Mr. Lovell's profits were seven hun- dred dollars. The business prospered under his management, and his prospects were bright when Mr. Fairbanks died, August 27, 1841. A friend then came forward, and offered him capital ; and with a fellow-workman, Leonard Grover, he ac- quired the entire plant. His partnership with Mr. Grover, as Grover & Lovell, continued till 1844, when he bought out the former's interest, and assumed complete control of affairs, under his name alone. From this humble beginning has grown the present great concern, widely known as the John P. Lovell Arms Company, of which Mr. Lovell is the president. The house was removed from Dock Square about twenty years ago to Xo. 147 Washington Street. It now employs forty or more clerks, and the business transacted amounts to several hundred thousand dollars an- i^ JOHN P. LOVELL. nually. The company has dealings not only with all parts of the country, but engages in an exten- sive export trade, the goods of the house finding S96 MEN OF PROGRESS. their way to all parts of the civilized world. For a number of years previous to the formation of the corporation the firm name was John P. Lovell &: .Sons, several of Mr. Lovell's sons being ad- mitted to the partnership. Mr. Lovell belongs to a number of prominent societies, and is affiliated with the Masons and Odd Fellows. He is a charter member of Crescent Lodge, No. 82, and member of Wonpatuck Encampment, No. 18, Odd Fellows ; in the Masonic order is a member of the Orphans' Hope Lodge, the Pentalpha Chapter, and the South Shore Commandery. Knights Tem- plar ; and he has been long a member of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association. In East Weymouth, which has been his home for many years, he is identified with local interests. He was the first president of the East ^^■eymouth Savings Bank, holding the position for ten years, and has been a director of the Weymouth National Bank for the past twenty years. In 1864 he rep- resented the town in the lower house of the Legis- lature, and was urged to stand for senator for his district, but declined to do so. He holds the old- est policy in the New England Mutual Life Insur- ance Company, and is one of the oldest members, his policy having run for over half a century. Mr. Lovell was married first, August 17, 1841, to Miss Lydia 1). Whiton, of Weymouth. To this union were born five children, all of them sons : John W., Benjamin S., Thomas P., \\'arren D., and George A. Lovell. His second marriage was to Miss Lucinda W. Rice, of Weymouth, and of this union is one son : Henrv L. Lovell. MANCHESTER, Forrest C, of Winchester, member of the Suffolk bar, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Randolph, September 11, 1859, son of Albert B. and Elizabeth M. (Ses- sions) Manchester. His paternal ancestors came from England, and settled in Rhode Island in 1642. On the maternal side he is also of English descent, and connected with families earl)^ settled in New England, — the Hibbard.s-Burnhams, as well as the Sessions. The pioneer of the former, Robert Hibbard, came to Salem in 1635 with Governor Endicott. and was the first salt manu- facturer in this country, for which he received a grant of a thousand acres of land from the king. The Burnhams settled in Connecticut the same year, and the Sessions branch came soon after. Forrest C. was educated in the common schools of Vermont, at the Randolph State Normal School and the St. Johnsbury Academy. He studied law in the Boston University Law School, graduating LL.B. in June, 1894, having previously read also in the office of the late e.\-Governor William Gas- ton. He was admitted to the bar July 21, 1895, and at once engaged in active practice in Boston. In 1892-93 he was counsel for the town of Win- chester, declining a reappointment. He has been too much absorbed in other matters to join social clubs, but he has found time to give to important interests. He has served as chairman of the Park Commission of Winchester since 1893, in which place his reputation is more than local, the character of that section of the country being greatly changed by improvements conceived by him. In politics he is an active and earnest Re- publican, having served on numerous committees. He is now chairman of the Eighth Congressional District committee, and secretary of the Republi- can Club of Massachusetts. Mr. Manchester was married October 22, 1885, to Miss Minnie L. Beard, the only daughter of Loren Beard, of Vermont. Her mother was Mary (Greenbank^ m J) F. C. MANCHESTER. Beard, daughter of 'I'homas Greenbank, late of Lawrence. They have one daughter : Constance Manchester. MEN OF PROGRESS. 897 N[.\l TSOX. jniix, of lioston, real estate dealer, is a ii;iti\e of Sweden, born in liohuslon, April 27, i., also had four children, two of whom are now living. Arthur Vin- cent and Orrin Ripley. Dr. Smith's father was also a physician. The latter was graduated from JJowdoin College in 1861: studied medicine while teaching school in Brunswick, where he was prin- cipal of both grammar and high schools; after passing his examinations, was commissioned. April 20, 1864, assistant surgeon of the Thirty- second Regiment, Maine A'olunteers : at the close of the war returned to Maine, attended a course of lectures at Berkshire .Medical College, and received his diploma and degree of M.D. in 1SG5 : established himself in Bowdoinham, and main- tained a large and successful practice there for thirteen years; in 1878, owing to ill-healtli. re- moved to Middleborough, Mass., where he built up an extensive practice, and died at the age of fifty-six. .Vrthur \'incent received his earh' edu- cation in the common schools of his natixe town and of Middleborough, fitted for college at the Katon Family School, and graduated from Bow- doin, where his father had graduated before him, in the class of 1890. The year previous his hrcjther ( )rrin also graduated from the same col- lege. Immediately after graduation he entered the Harvard Medical School, and graduated there- from in 1894. Settling in Middleborough, he was early engaged in a lucrative practice, and upon the death of his father added the latter's large busi- ness, which he has since successfully conducted. 1 )r. Smith is a Freemason, member of the May- flower Lodge of Middleborough. In politics he is a Republican, and in religious faith a Congrega- lionalist, member of the Congregationalist church of Middleborough. He was married November 15, 1893, to Miss Lillian Monroe, of Middlebor- ough. Sl'ANHOOlT), AkNdi.i) Wkknkk, of Boston, editor of Gcnmuiia, was born in Lehe, Province of Hanover, Germany, May 7, i860, son of Her- mann and W'ilhelmine (Ramsthal) Spanhoofd. His ancestors came from Holland, and were mer- chants and ship-owners. His father was in the same business, was also burgomaster of the town for twenty-five years, and founder and president of the local sa\ings-bank. He was educated in the public and Latin schools of his native place, and in college at Oldenburg and Bochum, graduating in 1876. Subsequently he studied architecture and engineering, graduating in 1879. For a year he was actively engaged in railroad work in Germany, and then again took up his studies, which he pursued diligently for another year. Next he entered the army as a " one year's free volunteer," and became an officer of the Re- serve. He emigrated to America in i88i, and in due course of time became a United States citi- zen. Speaking with ease five languages, he was not long in finding occupation as a teacher of modern languages. .After a season of \aried e.x- periences he became principal of a private school of languages in Washington, I ).('., and later in Brooklyn, N.\'. F'or six vears he was at .St. Paul's School, Concord, N.H., as instructor in modern languages. He founded Gcrmania. a monthly magazine for the study of the German language and literature, in 1889, first publishing it in Manchester, N.H. It has met with marked success, reaching e\ery college in the countrw and in many of them used in the regular course. It is edited entirely by himself and his brother, 92: MEN OF PROGRESS. E. Spanhoofd, on original lines. The publication office was established in Boston in May, 1894, in connection with the New England College of C^ A. W. SPANHOOFD. Modern and Ancient Languages, of which Mr. Spanhoofd is one of the directors, ^^'hile in Man- chester, Mr. Spanhoofd also founded and edited a German local paper, the -Pi'sf, and wrote for numerous other journals and magazines. He is the author of a German grammar (New York, Holt & Co.), and of other te.xt-books. He is an Independent in politics, intensely interested in using his pen with vigor and spirit whenever there is a call for it. He is an earnest and loyal Amer- ican. Mr. Spanhoofd is unmarried. SPENCELEY, Christophkk Jacksun, of Bos- ton, general manager of Golden Rule Alliance, is a native of Maine, born in Wiscasset, August 16, 1840, son of Christopher and Catherine (Colby) Spenceley. His father was born in London, Eng- land, and lived there till 1824, when he came to America, settling in Boston. His mother was a native of Westport, Me., of English ancestry. He received an e.xcellent common-school education, attending the public schools of his native town. At the age of seventeen he came to Boston, and learned the trade of a carpenter. Si.\ years later, in 1863, he started out on his own account as a carpenter and builder, and subsequently engaged in the general building business, building and sell- ing at the South End and Roxbury. In 1880 he, with others, originated the Golden Rule Alliance, a fraternal beneficial association ; and he has acted as general manager and secretary since its insti- tution. He served for three years, 1875-76-77, as a member of the Boston Common Council, representing Ward Nineteen, and was for two years a trustee of the City Hospital, \\hile in the city government, he was the first to agitate the plan of an annual vacation for the firemen of Bos- ton and the establishment of the patrol police boat in the harbor. His name is especially iden- tified, however, with two of the notable institu- tions of the Tremont Temple Baptist Church, of which he is a leading member. He was the originator, and for seven years the leader, of the widely known " Tremont Temple Service of Song," a service held every Sunday afternoon in the Temple ; and he is the teacher of the C. T. Spenceley Young Men's Bible Class, with over four hundred members, having increased to this large size within ten years from a very small be- ginning, the number in 1885 having been but twelve. It is now the largest young men's Bible class in New- England. Out of it one hundred and forty-eight have united with the church, and of its present members ten are studying for the ministry. Of the " Tremont Temple Service of Song," which has been as notable in its develop- ment. Dr. George C. Lorimer, the pastor of the church, has given this description: " It was com- menced September 11, 1887, with tive hundred people as a congregation, and with Mr. C. J. Spenceley as the leader, and S18.54 as a collec- tion to defray expenses. The committee was ex- ceedingly happy in the selection of a chief. Mr. Spenceley has presided, directed, and managed from the beginning of the experiment until now. He is a man of the people, rugged, massive, mag- netic, with a commanding presence, and a voice of rich, persuasive quality and of fine carrying power. He has a large frame, large head, and a larger heart, and. though not a creation of the schools, is singularly intelligent and well informed. While he is essentially a man of affairs, he is endued with a poetic temperament and with genuine and profound Christian sympathies and instincts. He nuist impress the people with tlie fact that he is MEN OF PROGRESS. 923 in earnest, that he is not on tlie platform conduct- ing the exercises to wile away an hour of a tedi- ous Sabbath day. . . . While there are vast congre- gations, excellent music, attractive solos, and magnificent congregational singing, with the great organ and stringed instruments, not forgetting cornets, clarinets, flutes, and cymbals, — I am not sure about the cymbals. — there is manifest over and above all a settled and concentrated purpose to bring souls to Christ. In my opinion, it is this, rather than the orchestra and the sing- ing, that accounts for the hold this service has on the popular heart. . . . To judge of the growth of this great service in public esteem, the following figures are helpful. There were present during the first four services ever held 2,300 people, and the total collections amounted only to $63.32. Contrast with these four afternoons the four Sun- day afternoons in February, 1892, of the present year. The attendance aggregated 12,000, with collections amounting to $315.06. Upwards of 100,000 people have attended these meetings the past year, nearly 500 have requested prayer, and the entire sum of monev received durinjr this C. J. SPENCELEY. period has been $2,477.67, of which less than $1,000 has been necessary to defray actual run- ning expenses, the surplus going into the treasury of the church. Last Sunday, at 2.50 p.m., the doors had to be closed against hundreds who could not be accommodated. This, then, is a notable success." Mr. Spenceley was for two years grand councillor of the United Friends of Massachusetts; has been supreme councillor of Conclave Knights and Ladies; is a Freemason, member of Mt. Lebanon Lodge, and an Odd Fel- low, member of Washington Lodge, No. 5. He was married August 16, 1863, to Miss Rebecca J. Staples, of Truro, N.S. They have three children : Joseph Winfred, Fred, and Mineola Spenceley. SPRAGUE, EnwiN' Lorixc, of Boston, mer- chant, was born in .Vthol, July 6, 1S38, son of George and Nancy (Knight) Sprague. He is a descendant of Edward Sprague of Upway, Dorset County, England (whose stone " fulling " mill, probably erected at the beginning of the seven- teenth century, is still standing in Upway), and in direct line from William, youngest son of Edward, one of the first planters in Massachusetts, who ar- rived in Naumkeag (Salem) in 1628, with his two brothers, Ralph and Richard (afterward promi- nent in Charlestown afl^airs), and later became one of the first settlers of Hingham, going there from Charlestown with his father-in-law, Anthony Fames, in 1636. William Sprague was a leading man in the Hingham settlement, a selectman in 1645, ^"d constable in 1661 ; and his father-in- law. Fames, was a deputy, frequently a town officer, and the first commander of the militia or " train band " of Hingham. Mr. Sprague is also collaterally descended from Richard Warren, one of the "Mayflower" passengers to Plymouth in 1620, whose grand-daughter, Elizabeth liartlett, daughter of Robert (who came to Plymouth in 1623) and Mary (Warren) Bartlett, married Anthony, William Sprague's eldest son. Mr. Sprague was educated in the .-\thol public and private schools. His business career was begun at the age of sixteen in 1854, when, upon the or- ganization of the Miller's River Bank of .Athol, he was made clerk of that institution. He remained there four years. Resigning this position in 1858, he came to tioston, and was for upward of two years book-keeper for Clement, Colburn, & Co., a prominent shoe manufacturing house, at the end of that period being obliged to resign his position and to take a long vacation, because of trouble w-ith his eyes, which, in the opinion of physicians. 924 MEN OF TROGRESS. threatened loss of sight. But in the latter part of 1861 he again entered the shoe business, becom- ing junior partner in the shoe manufacturing firm of George N. Spear &: Co., and he has been con- tinuously engaged in this trade from that time. Later the firm name was changed to Spear, Sprague, (S: Co., subsequently it became Sprague & Walker, next Sprague & McKey, then E. I^. Sprague & Co., and has so remained for twenty years. Although never having held a public of- fice, Mr. Sprague has been instrumental in carry- ing through many important reforms, municipal and political, local and State, has advanced many good works, and exerted a strong influence upon affairs in an unostentatious way. His first nota- ble service in Boston was in connection with the Boston Young Men's Christian Cnion, of which he was elected a director in 1863. shortly before the,: temporary discontinuance of its work. In 1S67, believing that the time was ripe for the es- tablishment of a society of a similar character for young men, but on a more liberal and attractive basis than any then in operation, lie secured the co-operation of other young men. chief among tliem Henry H. Sprague, George G. Crocker, and Samuel Wells, in an attempt to reorganize the Union. A plan of operation submitted by a committee, of which he was chairman, to a meet- ing of life members, was at first deemed by the more conservative members too chimerical, and the views advanced too "rose-colored" to be prac- ticable, and met with strong opposition : but after several months of agitation this plan was adopted, and in April of the following year the L'nion was launched upon its new career, under the presi- dency of William H. Baldwin, its present head. Mr. Sprague took a prominent and active part in the work of the society until 1876, when ill health necessitated a relinquishment of his labors for a period of about two years, the larger part of whicli was spent in Europe and on the southern shore of the Mediterranean. He resigned, inconsequence, the office of vice-president, to which he had been elected in 1868. In 1870 he was elected a trus- tee of the l^ermanent Fund of the L'nion, which position he still holds. In 1872, while actively engaged in Union work, his attention was called, through some published remarks of the Rev. F.d- ward E. Hale, to the evils of the tenement .system in Boston : and, investigating the subject with a view to the betterment of the system, lie con- cluded that the remedv lav in the establishment of a city Board of Health. Thereupon he went sys- tematically to work to bring this about. He brought other young men into association with him, and together they secured the co-operation of the press and the medical profession, and the support of the public through petitions eight to ten thousand strong, all working to the same end. The result desired was accomplished, in face of a determined and powerful opposition ; and the health matters of the city, which had been in the hands of the Board of Aldermen, changing from year to year, was placed under the control of an appointed board, whose term of office extended E. L. SPRAGUE. over several vears, the first board or commission of its kind in Boston. In 1873, after the great fires, when wide distrust existed in the fire de- partment, and especialh- in the existing system, it being then directed, as health matters had been, bv a committee of the Board of Aldermen, he was instrumental in bringing to hear the same forces and metliods which had been enlisted in tlie movement for the city Board of Health, to secure the establishment of a fire commission on a basis similar to that of the Health Board. Success was obtained in spite of an opposition even stronger than in the previous case. Prior to 1876 Mr. Sprague was acti\e and infiuential in party com- MEN OF PROGRESS. 925 mittees and conventions. liut after liis return from abroad he took com|:)arati\ely little interest in political matters until 1889, when he happened to be elected a member of the Republican committee of Ward Eleven. As a member of that body, his attention was directed to the defects of the then existing caucus system : and, obtaining the co- operation of his associates on the committee, he secured the trial of a new system, among the main features of which was the use of the Australian Jjallot in caucuses, and the lengthening of the time during which the primaries should be kept open. The experiment was watched with much interest, was warmly indorsed by the press, and generally met the public favor. Re-elected to the committee, Mr. Sprague was appointed chairman of the committee on rules in the Republican ward and city committee, and as such took the principal part in drafting the report, which incorporated as a part of the rules the system which had been tried experimentally in the Ward Eleven caucus. This report, although making a most radical change in the conduct of caucuses, was adopted with little opposition. The system which it es- tablished has since been known both as the " Bos- ton Caucus System " and the " Australian Caucus System " ; and, after having been voluntarily adopted to a considerable extent in cities of the Commonwealth, it was in 1894 incorporated into law, mandatory in the city of Boston and optional in other cities and towns. As president of the Election Laws League, and as a member of a special committee of that body, Mr. Sprague took a leading hand in framing the provisions of the act of 1894, which embodied the "Boston Caucus System,'' and in procuring its adoption. The notable " Corrupt Practices Act " enacted in 1892, or. to speak more explicitly, " An act to prevent currupt practices in elections, and to provide for publicity in election expenses," was largely the work of Mr. Sprague, and owes its adoption to measures instituted by him. It was partially to spread a knowledge of the provisions of the act, and to aid in its enforcement during the first year that it became operative, that the Election Laws League, referred to above, was formed, with Mr. Sprague as president. The Massachusetts act, the first elaborate act of its kind enacted in the United .States, has been followed in several other States, and in most of them forms the basis of the acts adopted. .Another important public work, the most far-reaching in financial effect that Mr. Sprague has been engaged in, was the mo\cment culminating in the act of 1893, compelling the sale at market value of increased capital stock of railroad and street railway corporations, and the several acts of 1894, applying to all quasi-public corporations, — railroads, street railways, gas, elec- tric light, telephone, telegraph, and water com- panies, - preventive of stock and debt watering : thus placing Massachusetts far ahead of any other State in legislation tending to place corporations upon a sound basis, to secure fair rates for ser- vice rendered the general public, and to save the investing public from loss resulting from irrespon- sible management and inflated capitalization. In this subject he became interested as a member of the New England Shoe and Leather Association, and when, after consolidation of the Boston street railways, the M'est End Railway attempted nearly to double its stock without additional payment of money, he took a leading part in defeating this and other similar propositions. In the following years Mr. Sprague and his associates continued their interest in the subject, meeting sometimes with success and sometimes with failure, the public in the mean time being educated to the im- portance of the issue. But it was not until 1893, after the formation of the Massachusetts State Board of Trade, Mr. .Sprague then being chairman of the committee on transportation, and as such also of a special committee to secure anti-stock watering legislation, that the support of practically all the boards of trade and leading newspapers of the State was secured, and thereby a combination insured sufificiently powerful to cope successfully with the allied opposing corporation interests, and to bring about the enactments of 1893-94. above mentioned. In 1877 and later Mr. Sprague took the initiative in most of the measures which re- sulted in the defeat of the successive attempts to establish free ferries at the e.xpense of the city of Boston. In the early davs of the ci\il service re- form movement he took an active part as an offi- cer of the Boston Civil Service Reform Associa- tion ; and he has of late years been a director of that association, and also of the Massachusetts Civil Service Reform League. He has fro)ii time to time been actively interested in \arious soci- eties, committees, and measures, other than those named, to the extent that his business connections would permit. Mr. Sprague is a logical writer, and has written much on the subjects in which he has been interested, — editorial articles and news- 926 MEN OF PROGRESS. paper communications, reports, etc. As cliair- man of a committee of the New England Shoe and Leather Association, lie wrote a notable pamphlet on "The Dating Ahead System," which has had a wide circulation in all parts of the countr}'. Mr. Sprague is a member of the Union, St. Botolph, Art, and I'nitarian clubs of Boston. He was married April 18, 1881, to Miss Elizabeth Searle Davis, daughter of brevet Briga- dier-General Hasbrouck Davis, son of Governor John Davis, who, entering the army in 1862 as colonel of the Twelfth Illinois Regiment, per- formed brilliant and meritorious services in the Civil War. They have had four children : Edwin Loring, Jr., Rutli Davis, Henry Bancroft, and Richard \\'arren Sprague. SPRAGl'E, Henry Harris(JN, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, and chairman of the Metropolitan Water Commission, was born in Athol, August I, 1841, son of George and Nancy (Knight) Sprague. [For ancestry, see Sprague, Edwin Loring.] He attained his early education in the public schools of Athol, and was fitted for college in the Athol High School and at the Chauncy Hall School in Boston. Entering Har- vard, he graduated in due course in the class of 1864. .\fter graduation he went to Champlain, N.V., as a private tutor, and remained there until the summer of 1865. In the following autumn he entered the Harvard Law School, becoming at the same time a proctor of the college. A year later he became a law student in the office of Henry W. Paine and Robert D. Smith in Boston, and on February 25, 1868, was admitted to the Suffolk bar. Thereupon he began the practice of his profession in Boston, where he has been es- tablished since. His first public service was in the Boston Common Council, to which he was elected in 1873. He was a member of that body for the municipal years of 1874, 1875, and 1876. acting more especially on the committees on ordi- nances, claims, and revision of the city charter: also serving during his second and third terms as one of the trustees of the City Hospital, on the part of the City Council. In 1878 he was elected one of the trustees at large of the hospital, and continued as such till the establishment of the board as a corporation in 1880, when he was appointed a trustee by the mayor, in whom the power of appointment was then vested. He has held this position since by successive reappoint- ments, and since 1878 has also acted as secre- tary of the board. In 1880 he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and twice returned, serving through the sessions of 1881, 1882, and 1S83. In that of 1881 he was a mem- ber (if the committees on the revision of the stat- utes, on probate and chancery, and on library : in 1882, chairman of the committee on bills in the third reading ; and during that and the sub- sequent year also a member of the committee on the judiciary. In 1884 he was a member of the executive committee of the Municipal Reform HENRY H. SPRAGUE. Association, and was senior counsel of the asso- ciation for the purpose of securing the passage by the Legislature of 1885 of the important amendments to the charter of the city of Boston by which the e.vecutive authority of the city was vested in the mayor. In 1888, 1889, 1890, and 1891 he was a member of the State Senate, elected for the F'ifth Suffolk 1 )istrict. During his first term as a senator he served on the commit- tees on the judiciary, on rules, on cities, and on election laws; and, as chairman of the latter, he drafted and introduced the new ballot act, the passage of which accomplished ballot reform. The next year he was made president of the Sen- MEN OF PROGRKSS. 927 ate, and was re-elected presiding otticer in 1891, when the two parties were eciually divided, by an increased vote. In 1892 he was appointed chair- man of a commission to revise the election laws of the Commonwealth. In 1895 he was ap- pointed a member of the Metropolitan Water Commission, and made chairman of the board. He was one of the promoters of the Boston Civil Service Reform Association (formed in 1880), which was the first or among the earliest organizations effected in the county to advocate that reform ; and he served as one of the ex- ecutive committee until the year 1889, when he was elected president of the association, which office he still holds. He has been a member of the board of government of the Boston \oung iMen's Christian Union since 1867, when, in connection with a few others, he brought about a return to new and active operations of this in- stitution, acting as secretary from 1867 to 1879, and since 1879 as vice-president, a trustee of the Boston Lying-in Hospital since 1S79 and of late years one of the executive committee of the board: and since 1883 secretary of the Massa- chusetts Charitable Fire Society. He is a mem- ber also of the general committee of the Citizens' Association of Boston, of the Historic Genealogi- cal Society, of the Bostonian Society, of the Bos- ton Bar Association, and of the Harvard Law School Association ; member of the Union, St. Botolph (for four years treasurer). Tavern (one of the original members and one of the trustees -to hold its real estate ), and the Unitarian clubs ; is one of the trustees appointed to hold the build- ings of the Woman's Educational and Industrial Union on Boylston Street, and acting as treasurer of the trustees ; and is a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard College, elected in 1890 for the term of si.x years. He has publisiied in pamphlet form treatises entitled "Women under the Law of Massachusetts, their Rights, Privi- leges, and Disabilities" (brought out in 1S84), and "City Government in Boston, its Rise and Development" (1890): and he compiled for its one hundredth anniversary " .\ Brief Historv of the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society." Mr. Sprague is unmarried. STAN\\'()OD, Edward, of Brookline, manag- ing editor of the Youth's Companion, is a native of Maine, born in Augusta, September 16, 1841, son of Daniel Caldwell and Mary .\ugusta (Webster) Stanwood. His ancestry is pure Yankee, having no direct or collateral ancestor who came to Xew^ England later than 1675. He was educated in the common schools and High School of Augusta, and at 15owdoin College, where he graduated in the class of 1861. He began journalistic work at the age of si.xteen, in his freshman year, as re- porter of the proceedings of the Maine Legisla- ture for the Augusta Age : and that work he con- tinued winters until his graduation from college. In 1862 he entered the office of the Kennebec Journal ■A.'i assistant editor. After fi\e years" ser- EDWARD STANWOOD. vice in that office, acting also as the Augusta cor- respondent of the Boston Daily Advertiser, he became an assistant on the editorial staff of the latter journal. This position he held for fifteen years, the greater part of that time as a regular editorial writer, second in rank to the chief, the late Delano A. Goddard : and then upon the death of Mr. (loddard in January, 1882, he was made editor-in-chief. Retiring from the Advertiser in November, 1883, the following January he joined the editorial staff of the Youth's Companion as an assistant, and a few years later was ad- vanced to the managing editorship, the position he still fills. He has been a frequent contributor 92S MEN OF PROGRESS. to many magazines and other periodicals : has lectured occasionally, including a course in the Lowell Institute on " Early Party Contests," pas- sages in our political history from Washington to Jackson ; and has published '■ A History of Presi- dential Elections" (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, & Co.), which has passed through several editions. As special agent of the Eleventh Census, he col- lected the statistics of and prepared a report upon the Cotton Manufactures of the Ignited States. He is a member of the New England Historic Genealogical Society and of the American Statis- tical Society, a trustee of the Public Library of Brookline, and secretary of the Arkwright Club ; and he has been a member of the St. Hotolph Club. Mr. Stanwood was married November i6, 1870, to Miss Eliza Ma.xwell Topliff. They ha\'e two children : Ethel and Edward Stanwood. Jr. STEDMAN, Ge()r<;e, M.D., of Boston, was born in Boston, January 27, 1850, son of Daniel Baxter and Miriam (White) Stedman. His ances- tors were originallv from Scotland, as indicated b\' ing then the Harvard Medical School, he was graduated there in 1875, with his degree of M.L)., after having passed one vear in the Massa- chusetts General Hospital, as surgical interne, hi 1876 he was elected superintendent of the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, which position he held till the summer of 1895, when he resigned. In 1880, on the 13th of April, he was appointed by Governor Long asso- ciate medical examiner for Suffolk County, in 1887 was reappointed by Governor Ames, and in 1894 again reajjpointed bv (jovernor (ireeu- halge, each term being for a period of seven years. Prior to the adoption of the medical examiner system he held the office of coroner. He was hospital steward of the Boston Indepen- dent Corps of Cadets for several years, and subse- quently assistant surgeon qf the P'ourth Battalion until the reorganization of the militia, when the Eourth Battalion was made part of the t'lrst Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. Dr. .Stedman is a member of the Massachusetts Medi- cal Society, of the Massachusetts Society for Medical Observation, of the Massachusetts Med- ico-Legal Society, the Harvard Medical Associa- tion, and the Harvard Medical Library .\ssocia- tion. He has been much interested in Masonry, and is now member of the Boston Commandery of Knights Templar, and of the Massachusetts Con- sistory, thirty-second degree, and member of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. He was among the early members of the .\lgonquin Club: and he belongs also to the Papyrus, the Cniversit)', and the .\thletic clubs, and to the Bostonian Societv. STILLINGS, Ephraim Baii.ey, of Boston, printer, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of .Somerswortli, Mav 18, 1846. son of Rook and Mary (Hodsdon) Stillings. He is of rugged New England ancestry, hard-working, fru- gal farmers of the Granite State. He was the youngest of a large familv reared on the farm, attaining his education in the public schools of the town. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was a lad of fifteen, attending the High School ; and he at once enlisted, but was rejected because of vouth. Repeated attempts to join the army following with the same results, and, becoming the thistle in the coat-of-arms. He was educated unsettled in consequence, he was soon sent by principally in the Boston schools, and at Harvard his father to Holyoke, Mass., to learn the ma- College, graduating in the class of 1S71. Enter- chinist trade with his brother Rufus. who was GEORGE STEDMAN. MEN OF PROGRESS. 929 tiicn ill that placL-. He applied himself ilili^fentlv to Ills new work, hut the war fever was still on him ; and finally he succeeded in enlisting and successfully passing there as a member of Com- pany B, Forty-sixth Regiment, Massachusetts \'olunteers, for nine months' service. Mustered out at the end of his term, he at once re-enlisted for three years, or till the close of the war, in Company A, Second Massachusetts Heavy .Artil- lery. He was mustered out the second time in October, 1865, at the age of nineteen, having served thirty-eight months. To this long service Mr. Stillings always refers modestly, with the sim- ple remark that he was ready for any and every duty to which he was called. He saw all kinds of service, and was in the battles of Kinston, Whitehall, and Goldsborough, North Carolina, ll^pon his return from the army he came to Bos- ton, and looked for work. He then had no home, the New Hampshire farm having been disposed of and the family scattered, and no friends in the city : and he had no knowledge as to what he was best adapted for. After a varied and hard e.xperience — finding work at first with difficulty, his return from the war being late, after most of the good places had been secured by the other soldiers who had come before him, — he entered the service of Cutter, Tower, & Co., stationers, as cashier. Here, learning thoroughly the sta- tioner's trade, a few years later he engaged in the business on his own account, establishing himself at the corner of Summer and High Streets. He was developing a good trade, with steadily improving prospects, when the great fire of 1872 came, and he was burned out, suffering a total loss. After that he continued in a small way till 1884, when he bought out a small print- ing-office at No. 58 Federal Street. In October, 1 886. he moved to his present location. No. 55 Sudbury .Street, corner of ISowker .Street. Here he has met with unusual success in view of the sharp competition in his line of business, and has won a reputation for good work and fair dealing. His establishment now occupies four entire floors, and employs an average of seventy-five persons; and it is said by competent judges to be one of the most orderly and best conducted offices of its kind in the country. Mr. Stillings is prominent in the Masonic order, being a member of W'ill- iam I'arkman Lodge, of \\'oburn Roval Arch (.'hapter ; of Lafayette Lodge of Perfection, Bos- ton ; of Giles Vates Council, Mt. Olivet Chapter of Rose Crtjix. Massachusetts Consistory, St. Bernard Commandery, Knights Templar, and .Vlejipo Temple. He is also a member of F,. W. E. B. STILLINGS. Kinsley Post, No. 113, (Jrand Army of the Re- public. Mr. Stillings has a son, Charles A. Still- ings, now twenty-four years of age, associated with him in business ; and he cheerfully accords much of his |3rosperity to the son's earnest and loval efforts. T.AVLOR, R.ANso.M C, of Worcester, the largest owner of business real estate in that city, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Win- chester, February 24, 1829, son of Charles and Susan (Butler) Taylor. His parents were both of old Winchester families. When he was four years old, his father moved to a farm in Northbridge, Mass. ; and here his boyhood was passed. He attended the village school during the winter sea- sons, and in summers worked on the farm and assisted his father in the meat business, in which the latter was also engaged. At twelve he was dri\ing his father's meat-cart, delivering meat through the neighboring villages. At seventeen he came to Worcester, where he began the manu- facture of neat's-foot oil, glue stock, and tallow, and dressing tripe for the market on his father's 930 MEN OF PROGRESS. account; and at eighteen, buying his time of his father for three hundred dollars, he engaged in the same business on his own account, establish- of its principal business streets. Besides his real estate interests he has large holdings in the First National Fire Insurance Company, of which he was one of the original stockholders, and has been a director since its incorporation. He was also one of the projectors of the First National Bank, and on its board of directors for twenty years. He is a public-spirited citizen and active in local affairs; but, with the exception of two years as a member of the Board of Aldermen, which position he reluctantly accepted, he has not held public office. In politics he is a Repub- lican, positive in his political views. Mr. Taylor was first married in 1850 to Miss Mary Louise Chase, daughter of Captain Abraham Chase, of Sutton. She died in 1878. He married second, in 1880, Miss Mary S. Stevens, daughter of Mer- rick R. Stevens, a Hour merchant of Newton. He had four children by his first wife, two sons and two daughters, and by his second wife one son and one daughter. The two oldest sons are now associated with him in business. RANSOM C. TAYLOR. ing himself in the town of Sutton. Here he re- mained for four years, and then removed his busi- ness to Worcester, where he has since resided. Within a comparatively short time his business establishment became the largest of the kind in this part of the country. Beginning with a force of but two men and two teams, his trade so in- creased that before many years he was employing a hundred )nen and as many horses ; and he had branches in New York City, Albany, Troy, New Haven, Hartford, Springfield, Milford, Taunton, Randolph, and other places. He early made in- vestments in Worcester real estate ; and, when in 1871 he disposed of his extensive works to de- vote his attention wholly to real estate, he was already a large holder. He is now' owner of the granite Taylor Block on Main Street, the First National Bank Building, the Chase Building, the Forrest Block, the Brunswick and Sherwood Houses, Opera houses on First and Pleasant Streets, and other valuable properties. He built TEWKSBURV, Robert Haskell, of I.aw- the first five-story, the first six-story, and the first rence, cashier of the Essex Company, is a native seven-story blocks in the city; and he has done of New Hampshire, born in Hopkinton, .Vpril 11, ROBERT H. TEWKSBURY. much to improve the architectural appearance son of Joseph and F.liza (Butler) Tewks- MKN OF I'KOGKKSS. 931 bury. He is a ilcsct-ndant emocratic State and national ticket ; but, owing in part to the re-formation of his district in the redistricting of the State by the Legislature of 1892, he was defeated. In the State campaign next following he bore his part as a pulilic speaker, presenting the issues, State and national, of his party, with frankness and candor, and fearlessly attacking the platforms and policies of iiis oppo- nents ; and in 1895 he was made the Democratic candidate for governor, being nominated by ac- clamation at the State convention in October. Mr. Williams has delixered a number of formal addresses, notably the Fourth of July oration in :8S6 by in\-itation of the ISoston city government, and an address before the faculty and students of Dartmouth College on the centennial anniversary of the inauguration of Washington in 1889. Soon after his admission to the bar he published a vol- ume of " Massachusetts Citations " ( Boston : Little, Brown, tV Co. ), and subsequentlv edited volumes ten to seventeen of the "Annual United States Digest." He is a member of the Massachu- setts Reform Club, for several years serving on its executive committee, and has served as sec- retary and member of the executive committee of the Dartmouth Alumni .\ssociation of Boston. In Dedham, where he still resides, he was for three years a member of the school committee, and has participated in other ways in town affairs. Mr. \A'illiams is unmarried. lower house of the Legislature, and in that body was among the leaders on the Democratic side. In 1890 he was nominated for Congress by Dem- ocrats and Independents in the Ninth Congres- sional District, and after a spirited canvass, in which the then foremost national issues were fear- lessly and aggressively discussed by him in fre- quent speeches on the stump, was elected over the Hon. John W. Chandler, the Republican candi- date, renominated. He served in the Fift_v-second Congress, 1891-93, recognized as among the ablest of the younger members, capable and thorough in committee work, and commanding the attention of the House in frequent participation in its most WILLIAMS, Henry Dudley, of Boston, of the art firm of Williams & Everett, was born in Roxburv (now of Boston), June 26, 1833, son of Dudley and Isabel (Everett) Williams. He is a descendant, in the sixth generation, of Robert Williams, from Norwich, England, who settled in Roxbury in 1638. In the annals of old Roxbury the name of Williams figures largely, and many of the name still cling to its soil. Mr. Williams received his early education in the Roxbury public schools, and was a pupil of the old Wash- ington School in the time of Masters Hyde and Reed. He was fitted for college at Lawrence MEN OF PROGRESS. 935 Acadciiu, (Irolim, aiul graduated finni lliowu I'liiversity in 1855, receiving the degree of A.M. .\fter leaving college, he entered his father'.s art store in Itoston, one of the oldest in the city, then as now conducted under the name of Williams & Elverett, with which he has since been identified. He was early admitted to partnership, and for several years the firm consisted only of father and son ; and since the death of the senior, in 1886. Mr. Williams has been the sole member of the firm. 'I'he firm name, how^ever, first adopted in 1853, and under which the house has long been well known for its honorable connec- tion with the growth and development of art in lioston, has been retained throughout unchanged. .Since the Doggett Brothers and S. .S. Williams liegan business in 18 io there have been but five changes in organization, and five in location. The present store on Boylston Street, opposite the Public Garden, with its suite of picture gal- leries, has been occupied since 1885. It was built for the firm, the interior design in the English Renaissance by the architect George A. C'lough, and the decorations by the artist Frank Hill Smith. The firm has introduced the work of manv of the most famous of American artists, — Hunt, Rimmer, Healey, Fuller, Hinckley, Inness, and others in the notable list ; and it was the first to bring French paintings into the ]5oston market. It was among the earliest, also, to es- tablish direct relations with leading European artists, dealers, and e.xperts. It has always made a specialty of picture and mirror frames, and for this work has a fully organized factory, employ- ing from thirty to fifty workmen. In his business e.xperiences Mr. Williams has been a diligent stu- dent of art, especially of painting. By travel and bv stud\' in European galleries he has made iiim- self familiar with the works of the masters of all schools. By frequent visits to studios and exhi- l)itions he has become thoroughlv acquainted with modern art in all its fancies and phases, and has kept in touch with all its latest develo|3ment ; and he is recognized at home and abroad as a most intelligent expert. It has always been a princi- ple of the house to sell only genuine pictures, and its guarantee is known as thoroughly trust- worthy, — an important point in these days of c|uestionabie art and bogus masters, old and mod- ern. Dining all his business career Mr. Williams has been much interested in education. Elected soon after his graduation to a membership on the Board of Trustees of Tufts (.'ollege, he was early placed u])on the executive committee, and has ever since been an active and progressive mem- ber of that board, earnestly interested in all the changes of organizations and systems which within the past twenty years have lifted this young institution from obscurity to a prominent place among the colleges of New England. For a while, also, he served as a trustee of Dean Acad- emy, Franklin, but finally resigned that office, that he might give more time to the college. Mr. Williams has given much time and thought to various religious and philanthropic matters, and H. D. WILLIAMS. has held many positions of trust and responsi- bility in that branch of the Christian church with which he has been connected. In politics he has always been a Republican ; but he has not been prominent in political affairs, preferring private life to public oflice. He is a member of the Art and I'niversitv clubs of Boston. WILLIAMS. Most Rev. Joh.m J., of Boston, fourth Roman Catholic bishop and first arch- bishop of lioston, was born in Boston, .April 27, 1S22, son of Michael and Ann 1 Egan ) Williams. His education was begun in a kindergarten school, 936 MEN OF PROGRESS. and he was fitted for college by Father James Fitton. He entered St. Sulpice College, Mon- treal, when a lad of eleven, and studied there about eight years. Then he went to Paris, and while there studied in the Seminary of St. Sulpice. At the completion of these studies, in 1845, and ordained in Paris, he returned to Boston. Sta- tioned at the old cathedral, then on Franklin Street where the Cathedral Building now stands, he officiated there until 1852, when he was placed in charge of the chapel then on Beach Street, from which has grown the present large church of .St. lames on Harrison Avenue. He served JOHN J. WILLIAMS. in the latter office for three years, during which period the congregation so increased in numbers and importance that the chapel was early out- grown, and plans were made for the building of a church, the first St. James, on the corner of Albany and Harvard streets, the site of which is now covered by the Boston & Albany Railroad. In January, 1855, he was appointed rector of the cathedral, and remained in that station until 1857, when he was made rector of the new^ Church of St. James, which he had been instrumental in founding. The same year he was made vicar- general, and during the last years of the episco- pate of Bishop Fitzpatrick, when the latter was abroad in search of health, he administered the diocese. On January 19, 1866, he was appointed coadjutor of the bishop with the right of succes- sion, being named Bishop of Tripoli in furlibns in- pdcUu7n. Bishop Fitzpatrick dying the following February, he was formally consecrated bishop of Boston on the iith of March. Soon after his elevation he assisted at the Plenary Council at Baltimore, and in 1869-70 he was at the (Ecu- menical Council held in Rome. In 1875, when Boston was raised to a metropolitan see, he was made the first archbishop, appointed on the 12th of February. The ceremony of conferring the pal- lium of an archbishop upon him was performed on the 2d of May in the then unfinished new cathedral at the junction of Washington and Union Park streets, which was temporarily fitted for the occasion. This brilliant and solemn ser- vice was in the presence of all the bishops of the ecclesiastical province of New York, the clergy of Boston and neighboring" dioceses, and a great congregation of si.x thousand persons. Bishop McNeirney, of Albany, celebrated the high mass. Bishop Goesbriand, of Burlington, preached the sermon, and the pallium, which had been brought from Rome by an ablegate of the pope, Mons. Cwsar Roncetti, accompanied by his secretary. Dr. Ubalbi, and by a nobleman of the Papal (iuard, Count Marefoschi, was conferred by the late Cardinal McCloskey, of New \'ork. While zealously performing all the duties of his various offices. Archbishop Williams has done much for the advancement of numerous good works in Bos- ton. He was instrumental in the establishment of the House of the Good Shepherd, the Redemp- torist and Oblate Fathers, the Little Sisters of the Poor, and the Infant Asylum. He also reorgan- ized and enlarged the Home for Destitute Chil- dren, founded the Catholic Union, led the move- ment for the building of the present great cathe- dral, which was begun April 27, 1866, on his forty- fourth birthday, and dedicated December 8, 1875, the year of his elevation to the archbishop- ric, and was one of the founders of the St. John Diocesan Seminary in the Brighton District of Boston, conducted by the Sulpician Fathers for fitting candidates for the priesthood. WINSLOW, JosEi'H WiNSLow, M.D., of East- hampton, is a native of Vermont, born in the town of Barnard, March 8, 1820, son of George Re.\ MEN OK I'ROGRKSS. 937 anil Lucy (Clarkj Winslow. He is a descL-nclaiit of Edward Winslow of Droitwich, England ; and his first American ancestor was Kenelm \A'inslow, ^ 1g^' ^^^ .•»' WINHJATK. (_'haki.i> Kdi^ak Lewis, of Boston, managing editor of the Boston Journal, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Exeter, February 14, 1861, son of S. Dana and Oriana (Mitchell) Win- gate. His great-grandfather, the Hon. Paine Wingate, was a New Hampshire statesman, repre- senting that province in the Colonial Confedera- tion, and serving as senator in the first con- gresses of the United States. He was educated in rhillips (Exeter) Academy, graduating there- from in 1879, and at Harvard College, where he graduated in the class of 1883. It was his inten- tion, as soon as his studies were completed, to enter newspaper life ; and, when a student in the academy, he helped his brother during the summer vacations in editing the Exeter Gazette. At Har- vard he helped found the Harvard Echo (later Crimson), the first daily paper ever started at the college, and remained its news editor until he graduated. He also acted during his senior year as Harvard reporter of the Boston Jonrnal. After graduating, he was at once engaged on the Boston Journal staff. Among other journalistic duties he " covered " the World's Fair at New Orleans J. W, WINSLOW. brother of Governor Edward Winslow, who landed in Plymouth in 1621. After receiving a thorough preliminarv education, he began the study of med- icine with the late Professor Oilman Kimball of Lowell, Mass., and for whom he became demon- strator of anatomy. Subsequently, he spent some time at the LInited States Marine Hospital, acting a part of the time as house surgeon, and gradu- ated at the Berkshire Medical College, with high- est honors, in 1845. He began practice in New Hartford, Conn., but soon after removed to En- field, Mass., where he was established for fourteen years. Then. renio\ ing to Easthampton, he has since continued there in an active and extensive practice. He was county coroner for many years, and upon the abolition of that office was made the medical examiner for his district, which position he still holds. In politics he is a Republican. Doctor \Mnslow was married May 13, 1857, to Miss Emily Bement Smith, of Enfield. They have had one son and one daughter: Dr. Edward Smith Winslow, who is now connected with his father in practice ; and Susie Ellen (now Mrs. E. H. Sawyer, of Easthampton). C. E. L. WINGATE. (1884) for his paper, and met Lieutenant Greely's arctic expedition on its return from the North. In 1880 he was made dramatic editor of the 938 MEN OF PROGRESS. Journal, and in 1892 promoted to his present posi- tion of managing editor. \\'hile filling these re- sponsible positions, he has written the regular weekly Boston letter to the Critic of New York for several years, and has been an occasional con- tributor to the magazines. He has written a novel " Can Such Things Be ? " first published in a magazine and then in book form (1888) : a num- ber of historical articles, and some fiction for the Cosmopolitan, Lippituotf s, and other periodicals ; a " History of the Wingate Family " and " The Playgoers' Year Book." He belongs to but one club, — the Newspaper Club, of which he was one of the founders (1884), the first vice-president, and afterward president (1893). In politics he is Republican. He was married September g, 1885, to Miss Mabel Nickerson, of Boston. They have three children : Mabel, Josephine, and Dana J. P. Wingate. Mr. Wingate resides in Cambridge. afl^airs. He was commander of the Roxbury Horse Guards for three years, commander of the First Battalion of Cavalry for a similar term, and YOUNG, Major Charles Albert, of Boston, deputy superintendent of the Street Department, Sanitary Division of the city, is a native of New Hampshire, born in Barrington, September 22, 1842, son of William Hale and Sarah (Daniels) Young. He received his education in public and private schools in his native town, and remained at home on the farm until he was twenty years of age. Then he came to Boston, and entered busi- ness, in which he was successful from the begin- ning. He has been for a long period superin- tendent of the Odorless Excavating Company (established in 1859), manufacturers of sanitary pumps and apparatus for odorless excavation of vaults and cesspools, with shops at South Boston. He was appointed to his present position by Mayor Curtis in January, 1895. Major Young has long been prominently identified with military CHARLES A. YOUNG. of the ( )ld Guard of Massachusetts for some years. He belongs to many organizations, social and political, and maintains a warm interest in all of them. In the Dorchester District, where he resides, he was the originator and first president of the Harvard Improvement Association of Dor- chester. In politics he is a steadfast Republican. Major Young was married in 1868 to Miss Hannah Merrell Cooke, of Boston. They have two sons ; Frederick Hale (now twenty-three years of age) and Clifi^ord Harrison (aged twenty 3'ears). PART XI. ADAMS, Charles Francis, 2d. of Quincy and Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, mayor of Quincy for i8g6, was born in Quincy, August 2. 1866, son of John Quincy and Fanny (Crownin- shield) Adams. He is of the distinguished American Adams family. — great-great-grandson of President John Adams, great-grandson of President John Quincy Adams, and grandson of Charles Francis Adams. He was educated in the Adams Academy, Quincy, the Hopkinton School. Boston, and at Harvard College, graduating in the class of 1888, and fitted for his profession at the Harvard La\^ School, from which he was graduated in 1892. In college he was president C. F. ADAMS. 2d. 1893, and was first engaged in the Boston office of Sigourney Butler. Later he became a partner of Judge Everett C. Bumpus, and in 1894 opened an office by himself, engaging in general practice and making a specialty of the management of trust estates. He also became interested in banking and business corporations, and he is at the present time a director of the American Loan and Trust Company, of the Electric Corporation, and of the American Electric Heating Company ; a trustee of the Quincy Savings Bank, of the Bos- ton Ground Rent Trust, and of the Adams Real Estate Trust ; and trustee for various individuals. He is connected with the management of the National Sailors' Home as a trustee. In politics he is a Democrat. He has taken an active inter- est in Quincy municipal affairs, serving three terms in the City Council, and was elected ma3'or of the city for 1896 by a decisive vote. Mr. Adams is an enthusiastic yachtsman, and con- nected with the leading clubs, being commodore of the Quincy Yacht Club, vice commodore of the Eastern Yacht Club, and member of the Hull and Corinthian Yacht clubs. He is a member also of the Somerset Club, Boston. He is unmarried. (if his class, and first marshal on Class Day; and was also president of the Hasty Pudding Club. He w'as admitted to the Suffolk bar in February, ADAMS, Melvin Ohio, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Ashburnham, Xovember 7, 1850, son of Joseph and Dolly I Whitney) Adams. His parents were also natives of Ashburnham, and connected with old Massa- chusetts families. His early education was ac- quired in the public schools of his native town, after which he attended Appleton .\cademy. New Ipswich, N.H., where he fitted for college. He entered Dartmouth, and graduated in the class of 1S71. After graduation he taught school for some time at Fitchburg, and while teaching also began the study of law with the Hon. Amasa Nor- cross, e.\-Congressman of that city. In 1874 he came to Boston, and entered the Boston Univer- 940 MEN OF PROGRESS. sit}^ Law School. Graduating thert- in the class of 1875, he was at once admitted to the .Suffolk bar, and began practice. Soon after he was ap- pointed assistant district attorney, and held that position until 1886, a period of ten years, acquir- ing a familiarity with the methods of the govern- ment in dealing with criminal cases and an expe- rience which brought him early into a leading position among the younger members of the bar. After resigning the assistant district attorneyship he returned to general practice, associated with Augustus Russ. This relation continued until the death of Mr. Russ in 1892, since which time Union, and numerous other clubs of Boston. Mr. Adams was married in Fitchburg in 1875 to Miss Mary Colony. They have one son : Kane .Vdanis. MELVIN O. ADAMS. he has practised alone. He has been connected with many important cases, among the number being the famous Borden murder case of Fall River, in which, as associate counsel in the de- fence of Miss Borden, he increased his reputation as an able and skilful jury lawyer. In politics he is a Republican, and during the administration of Governor Brackett, in 1890, served on the gov- ernor's staff, with the rank of colonel. He has been for some years connected with the man- agement of the Boston, Revere Beach, cS: Lynn Railroad, and is now president of that corpora- tion. He is president of the Dartmouth Club of Boston, and member of the Unitarian, University, ALLEN. Fkaxk Dkwkv, of lioston and Lvnn, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in \^'orces- ter, August 16, 1850, son of Charles Francis and Olive (Dewey) Allen. He was educated in the Worcester public schools, and at Yale, graduat- uig in the class of 1873. While at college, he was a member of the university crew, and belonged to the several college societies, including the famous "Scroll and Key." He began his law studies in Worcester in the office of Peter C. Bacon. Then, coming to Boston, he took the reg- ular course of the Boston University Law School, graduating LL.B. in 1875, and spent three years in further study in the office of Hillard, Hyde, & Dickinson, the last year acting as managing clerk for the firm. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar on January 8, 1878, and at once engaged in ac- tive practice, establishing his office in Boston. In April, 1890, he was appointed by President Harrison United States district attorney for the District of Massachusetts, w-hich position he ably filled until 1894. In the discharge of the duties of this office he was alert, zealous, indefatigable in his attention to details, and at the close of the term of Attorney-general Miller was especially complimented by that official for his work. Among the numerous notable causes which he conducted while in the district attorneyship were cases under the anti-trust statute and the famous Maverick National Bank cases. In the latter he personally investigated and marshalled the facts alleged as violations of the law, and himself drafted the greater part of the elaborate indict- ments ; and the \erdict which he secured won him the praise of the entire press of the citv. One of his earliest triumphs, soon after his ap- pointment, was in a perjury case in the matter of a pension claim, in which General Benjamin F. Butler was counsel for the defence. After his retirement from the district attorneyship he re- turned to general practice, in which he is at pres- ent actively and successfully engaged. Mr. Allen has served two terms in the Massachusetts Leg- islature, 1881-82, as a representative for Lynn, of which city he became a resident upon his mar- riage, the day after his admission to the bar ; and MEN OF PROGRESS. 941 he was for ihiee leinis, 1886-87-88, a member of tlie tlvecutive Council for the Fifth Councillor District. In the House he was active and influ- ential on the floor, and served on the committees on the judiciary, on banks and banking, on re- districting the State, and on the special commit- tee to investigate the charges against Joseph M. l>ay, judge of probate of Barnstable Countw In the E.xecutive Council he was a member of the committee on pardons, two of his three years clerk of that committee. In politics he is an ar- dent Republican, and has done effective work for his party in committees, conventions, and on FRANK D. ALLEN. the stump. In 1885-86-87 he was a member of the Republican State Committee, representing the First F.sse.K Senatorial District, and served on the e.xecutive committee of that body. He is president of the Massachusetts Temperance Home, which he organized, a member of the Bap- tist Social Union of Boston, and of the Vale .\lumni of Boston and vicinity, of which he was president in 1892. In Lynn he is president of the Lynn Gas and Electric Company, and con- nected with other institutions. He was married January 9, 1878, to Miss Lucy Rhodes, youngest daughter of Exerett M. and Eliza M. Rhodes, of I.vnn. A.MES, Oliver, of Easton and Boston, manu- facturer and capitalist, was born in Easton, Feb- ruary 4, 1831 ; died there October 22, 1895. He was the second son of Oakes .Ames, the builder of the Union Bacific Railroad, and E\eline (Gil- more) .Ames, and grandson of the founder of the great shovel works of Oliver .Ames & Sons. He was educated in the public schools of his native town, at the academies of North Easton, North .Attleborough, and Leicester, and at Brown Uni- versity, taking at the latter a special course in logic, history, rhetoric, moral philosophy and po- litical economy. Before entering college, he served an apprenticeship of five years in his father's fac- tory, mastering all the mechanical details of the business, and upon fmishing his studies at Brown, at the age of twenty-two, returned to the works to complete his training. During this period he worked for a time at his bench for mechanic's wages, his hours at the shop being from seven in the morning to si.x at night, and won a reputation among his fellow-workmen as a thorough crafts- man. After perfecting himself in the various de- partments of the factory, he turned his attention to the machinery, and shortly introduced various improvements, adding new devices to the ma- chines in use, and inventing numerous new ones, for which medals were subsequently awarded at industrial exliibitions. .At length, graduating from the shop, he became travelling agent for the firm, and in that capacity travelled extensively through the country. In 1863, upon the death of his grandfather, he was admitted to the firm of Oliver .Ames's Sons, and for several years there- after personally superintended the internal work- ings of the immense establishment, and had charge of the orders and sales. In 1873. when his father died, the numerous financial trusts held by the latter devolved upon him as executor of the estate, valued at about six millions, and he became concerned in a fiduciary capacity with numerous large corporations, banks, and other monetary institutions. This estate not only in- volved many and diversified interests in various parts of the country, but was burdened with a hea\y debt ; and his able management of the property', resulting in the settlement in full of every obligation, the payment of a million or more of legacies, every bequest which his father had implied as well as formally willed, and the divi- sion of a large surplus among the heirs, brought him a wide reputation as a financier and the con- 94- MEN OF PROGRESS. fidence of leading business men of tiie country. Among his notable achievements in this work was the development of the Central Branch of the Union Pacific Railroad in Kansas, the prospects of which at the time he took it in hand were of the darkest, the hundred miles of track then in operation barely paying running expenses, the capital stock of the company having not even a quotable value, and the mortgage bonds, with coupons unpaid for five successive years, selling at 30 per cent. Satisfied, after a thorough inspec- tion of the road, in 1877, of its possibilities of success, he interested capital, himself making the largest subscription recorded, and prosecuted the work of upbuilding with vigor. The track was rapidly extended to a total length of three hun- dred and si.\ty miles, branches were built, and business was fostered ; and within three years the property had so increased in value that Mr. Ames sold to Jay Gould and associates five-eighths of the entire capital stock at $250 a share. Mr. Ames first entered public life as a member of the State Senate, to which he was elected in 1880 for the Bristol District, and re-elected in 1881. During OLIVER AMES. his two terms he served on the committee on rail- roads, and in his second term was a member also of the committee on education. He was instru- mental in securing the passage of the Cottage City incorporation bill. In 1882 he received the Republican nomination for lieutenant governor on the ticket headed by the Hon. Robert R. Bishop for governor, and was elected with General Ben- jamin F. Butler, the opposing candidate for the governorship, the latter defeating Mr, Bishop. In 1883 he was renominated and re-elected with the Hon, George D. Robinson, who that year headed the Republican ticket, and defeated General But- ler ; and again in 1884 and 1885, serving through 1885 and 1886. In 1886, upon the retirement of Governor Robinson, he was advanced to the head of the Republican ticket, and through repeated re-elections served as governor for three terms (1887-89). His administration was especially marked by the beginning of the State House E.x- tension, which was upon his recommendation : and his last official act as governor was in the lay- ing of the corner-stone of the new building on the 2 1 St of December, i88g. His connection with large concerns, in which he was an impor- tant factor, continued until his death. He was for many years president of the Siou.x City & Pacific Railroad ; a director of the Union Pa- cific, the Central Branch of the Union Pacific of Kansas, the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe', the Chicago, Iowa, &: Nebraska, the Iowa Falls & Sioux City, the Cedar Rapids &: Missouri Ri\'er, the Fremont & Elkhorn Valley, the Hast- ings &: Dakota, the Atchison & Denver, the W'aterville & Washington, the Republican Valley, the Solomon \'alley, the Atchison, Colorado, & Pacific, the New Orleans, Mobile, & Texas, the Boston, Hoosac Tunnel, & Western, the Toledo & St, Louis, and other railroads ; president of the Brayton Petroleum Motor Company ; director of the Turner Falls Water Power Company, the Maingona Coal Company of Iowa, and the Mis- souri \'alley Land Company: a director of the Commonwealth National Bank of Boston, the Eas- ton National Bank, and the Bristol County Na- tional Bank of Taunton ; a trustee of several sav- ings-banks ; and actively interested in numerous other financial and manufacturing corporations. He was also connected with a number of histori- cal, scientific, and benevolent societies, and was a member of the leading Boston clubs. In 1886 he was president of the Boston Art Club, and in 1885 and 1886 president of the Merchants' Club of Boston. In his younger days he served in tiie Massachusetts VoUmteer Militia, successivelv as MEN OF PROGRESS. 94: second lieutenant, major, lieutenant colonel, re- signing in i860, after a service of seven years. In his native town he was a foremost citizen, served twelve years on the School Board, and did much for the improvement and welfare of the town and its people. In 1S81 he erected in Eas- ton, in company with his brother, Oakes A. Ames, to the memory of their father, the Oakes Ames Memorial Hall, a building of red sandstone, gran- ite, and brick, which, with the Oliver Ames Library Building near by, built in memory of the elder Oliver Ames, is an ornament to the place. This was presented to the town, and formally dedicated " to the use and for the benefit of the people of Easton " on November 17, 1881, upon which occasion the governor, the Senate, and many members of the House of Representatives, with a large number of prominent business and professional men, were present, and speeches were made by Governor Long, the Rev. Edward E. Hale, e.x-Senator Boutwell, and others of dis- tinction. In religious faith Mr. Ames was a Unitarian, but his substantial help was given to various other religious organizations in his town. He was especially fond of music and the tine arts, and his collection of paintings and statuary was choice and valuable. Mr. Ames was married March 14, i860, in Nantucket, to Miss Anna Coffin Ray, daughter of Obed and .-Vnna W. Ray, and adopted daughter of William Hadwen, of Nan- tucket. They had two sons and four daughters : \\'illiam Hadwen, Evelyn, .\nna Lee, Susan Evelyn, Lilian, and Oakes Ames. The family residence in Easton was Mr. Ames"s summer seat, his town house being on Commonwealth Avenue in Boston, one of the largest dwellings and most elaborate in architectural design in the Back Bay District. literature and languages in the then noted French Academy in New York City, conducted by the Brothers Peuquet. In that connection he con- ANGIER, THE Rev. Luther Horne, D.D., of Boston, was born in Southborough, January 26. iSio, son of Calvin and .\nnie (Parker) .\ngier. He is of Huguenot descent, his ancestors refu- gees, it is supposed, from France to Kent County, England, and thence to Massachusetts. His early education was acquired in the common school in his native town ; and he was fitted for college at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N.H. He entered Amherst College, and graduated in the class of 1833. Shortly after his graduation he re- ceived an appointment as instructor in English L. H. ANGIER. tinued three years, when he joined the Union Theo- logical Seminary, New York, one of the thirteen that constituted the first class that entered that institution in 1836, and graduated therefrom 1839. He was ordained to the gospel ministry in 1840; and in the fifty-si.x years from that time to the present he has occupied pastorates in Bufl:'alo, N.Y., Port Gibson, Miss, (in the latter place also successfully filling the position of principal of an academy), Concord, Rockport, Edgartown, Litch- field (N.H.), South Boston, Holbrook, Turner's Falls, and Holyoke. At the present time (1895), at the age of eighty-five, he is one of the preachers at Cornell University ; and his services for the pul- pit are in constant demand. During this long period of pulpit work he has engaged in much literary work, and has achieved wide reputation as a lecturer, having delivered his most noted lecture on '-The Struggles and Triumphs of En- thusiasm " over two hundred times between New Brunswick, Canada, and Natchez, Miss. He is just twenty-eight days younger than Gladstone, to whom he is said to bear a striking resemblance, and, like him, is remarkable for vigor and fresh- 944 MEN OF PROGRESS. ness with the weight of years. He yet preaches with ease and strength, earnestness and power. From February to July, 1894, his eighty-fifth year, he served as acting pastor of the Presljyterian church in \^'indsor, N.Y., taking the pulpit left vacant by the death of his brother, the Rev. M. B. Angier, on the 25th of February that year, preach- ing regularly, performing other pastoral duties, and manifesting a keen interest in the affairs of the town ; thence going to .Saratoga, where he has spent his summer vacations, with few breaks, for si.xty years, preached there ; and before the close of the summer filled the pulpit of the Pres- byterian church in Holyoke several Sundays. On the 19th of April. 1895, he joined the Sons of the American Revolution in celebrating the one hun- dred and twentieth anniversary of the battle of Lexington, and on that occasion made a notable after-dinner speech. F)r. Angier has been the in- structor and adviser of several young men who have become successful preachers, notably the Rev. George A. Gordon, now pastor of the r)ld South Church, Boston, who, when a young man of eighteen, and engaged in daily labor in South Boston when Dr. Angier was settled there, made the latter's acquaintance, and was by him and his estimable wife encouraged to pursue theological studies. Young Gordon then became an inmate of ] )r. .\ngier's family, and was fitted for the Bangor Theological Seminary, which he entered in 1874. Dr. Angier married in 1839 .Miss Annie Louisa Lanman, seventh daughter of the Hon. James Lanman, of Norwich, Conn. They had no chil- dren. Mrs. Angier died in February, 1893. She was a woman of fine literary culture and rare accomplishments. She was the author of numer- ous poems, a volume of which was published in 1883. Her funeral was conducted by Dr. Gor- don, of the Old .South Church, who in his re- marks referred to her influence over himself in his youth, saying that he " w^ould never forget the voice that first made him believe in himself, and that first convinced him that he had a mission to his fellow-men," nor fail to revere "the hand that cleared a path for him to education," and " the insistent sympathy that followed him all through the years of struggle." ancient Governor Bradstreet house, son of Otis and Lucinda Alden (Loring) Bailey. His father, also a native of .Andover, born April 14, 1806, was a descendant in the seventh generation of James Bailey, who, born in F^ngland about 1612, came to New England, and settled in Rowley about 1640. John Bailey, of the second generation, perished in 1690, in the e.xpedition against Canada; and Samuel Bailey, Jr., of the fifth generation, was killed in the battle of Bunker Hill. His mother, born in Du.xburv, August 5, 1809, was a descend- ant in the seventh generation of Thomas Loring, a native of .\xminster in Devonshire. England, BAILEY, HoLLis Russell, of Cambridge, member of the .Suft'olk bar. was born in .\ndover, now North .\ndo\er, Februarv 24, 1852, in the MOLLIS R, BAILEY^ who settled in Hingham about 1635. Her grand- mother was Alethea Alden, a descendant of John Alden. Hollis R. was educated in the public schools of North Andover, the Punchard High School of Andover, Phillips (Andover) Academx-. and Harvard College, graduating A.B. in 1877 and A.M. in 1879. .\t Phillips he had the Latin oration in the graduating exercises (1873). Much of his early youth was passed in farm work and in the management, to a considerable extent, of a farm devoted to raising hay, market produce, and milk. While at the university he devoted his time not given to his studies to work as a pri\ ate tutor for students. He was also a proctor MEN OF PROGRESS. 945 in 1878 and 1S79. After graduating from the college, he entered the Harvard Law School, where he was graduated LL.H. in 1878. He fur- ther read in the Boston law office of Hyde, Dick- inson, & Howe from August, 1879, to March, 1880, when he began practice, having been ad- mitted to the bar the previous month, occupying offices at No. 30 Court Street with William R. Richards and Richard H. Dana. During the fol- lowing summer he served as private secretary to the Hon. Horace Gray, then chief justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. From the time of his admission to the bar he has been actively engaged in practice in all the branche? of the law and in all the courts of the State, with occasional cases of importance in New Hampshire and Rhode Island, having his office since 1891 at No. 53 State Street. In 188 1 he assisted in pre- paring the Index to the Public Statutes of Massa- chusetts, and he has from time to time contributed articles to the Harvard Law Rcvinv. Mr. Bailey was a member of the Everett Athena;um in 1874, and later of the Cambridge Chapter of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. He is now a member of the Boston Bar Association, the New England Free Trade League, the Bostonian Society, the Colonial Club of Cambridge, and the Library Hall Associa- tion, Cambridge. In 1895 he was chosen presi- dent of the Bailey-Bayley Family Association. In politics he was until 1884 a Republican, and since that time has been a Democrat. In religious faith he is a Lhiitarian, a member of the First Parish in Cambridge. He was married February 12, 1885, to Mary Persis Bell, daughter of e.\-Gov- ernor Charles H. Bell, of Exeter. N.H. They have one child : Gladys Loring Bailey (born July II, 1887.) ^Ir. Bailey was a resident of North Andover until 1880, after that date of Bos- ton until 1890, and since 1890 of Cambridge, his home, since 1S93, being on Buckingham Street. B.\IR1), John Caldwell, of Boston, merchanl, was born in Boston, August 16, 1852, son of James and Sarah (Howard) Baird. His father was of Scotch descent, and his mother of English. He was educated in public schools in Boston and at Cosgrove Academy. Immediately after leaving school, he entered the stained-glass business, and he has continued in that line ever since, a period of twenty-seven years. He began in the then small establishment of James M. Cook, which later came under the firm name of Cook, Redding, &: Co., and since 1883 has been under that of Redding, Baird, Ot Co. During his connection with the partnership the business has been devel- oped from small l)eginnings to extensive propor- tions, the products of the house going to foreign countries as well as throughout the United States ; and it has attained a leading position, largely through his artistic ability and the knowledge of the trade which he has acquired. He has tra\'- elled extensivelv in Europe in the interest of his house and for study and observation, and has also visited the West Indies, India, and Africa. Mr. JOHN C. BAlRij. Baird is interested in military affairs as a member of the Ancient and Honorable .Artillery Company, and a fine member of tlie Cadets. He is con- nected with the Royal .Arcanum, a trustee of War- ren Council, also with the Home Circle, and is a member of the Bostonian Society-, the Quincy School Association, and the Boston .\rt, .Archi- tectural, -Athletic, and Bostoniana clubs. In pol- itics he is a Republican. He is active in mu- nicipal reform movements, and is at present a member of the executive committee of the Citi- zens' Municipal LTnion. He was married June 18, 1888, to Miss Isabel V. Stewart, of Farmington, Me. Thev have one son : Stewart Baird. 946 MEN OF PROGRESS. BALDWIN, William Henrv, of Boston, presi- dent of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, was born in Brighton (now of Boston), October 20, 1826, son of Henry and Mary (Brackett) Baldwin. His father, born in Phillip- ston, Worcester County, in 1790, coming to Bos- ton when a lad to engage in business, became in course of time a wholesale grocer, during the lat- ter part of his Hfe in partnership with Daniel Weld, under the firm name of Weld & Baldwin. He died in 1833. Mr. Baldwin's mother was a native of East Sudbury (now Wayland), born in 1795. He was educated in Brighton public and private schools, and at a local academy kept by Jonas Wilder, finishing in the High School, from which he graduated in 1843. He began business life as a clerk in a dry-goods and clothing store in Brighton, then known as Kelly & Springs. After four years' experience in that place he obtained a position in the prominent Boston house of James M. Beebe iS: Co.. importers and jobbers of dry goods, where he remained till 1846, when — changes being made in the firm, and that of Can- nett, Balch, & Co., the senior partner of which iiati been of the old firm, being organized — he left to become a salesman for the new house. He con- tinued in that capacity till 1850, when he engaged in business on his own account, forming in April the firm of Baldwin, Ba.\ter, i!^: Co. (his partners being John J. Ba.xter and Cadwallader Curry), im- porters and jobbers of woollens. This partner- ship held till the death of Mr. Ba.xter in 1858, and thereafter the business was continued by the surviving partners, under the firm name of Bald- win & Curry, till 1865. Then, disposing of his in- terest, Mr. Baldwin engaged in the dry-goods com- mission business, which he followed till 1868, when he retired to devote his whole time and energies to the work of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, having been chosen president of the Board of Government of that institution, that year reorganized. 'I'he Union had then been in existence for seventeen years, having been insti- tuted in 185 I and incorporated the following year, but its work had been temporarily suspended in consequence of the interruption caused by the Civil War ; and the establishment of the new Board of Government, with the choice of Mr. Baldwin at its head, was the result of an energetic and ably directed movement of several of its life members and friends for its re\ival on a broad scale. Mr. Baldwin addressed himself heartilv and enthusiastically to the work of its upbuilding ; and its development into the notable Boston institution of to-day is largely due to his able and skilful man- agement during his nearly twenty-eight years of leadership. Founded on an unsectarian basis, it has always been so conducted, young men of all creeds being admitted to membership and made welcome. Upon the reorganization, rooms were first taken at No. 12 West Street; but larger quarters were soon demanded, and removal was made to No. 300 Washington Street (nearly op- posite West Street). The membership rapidly in- creasing and tile wcirk of the institution broaden- WM. H. BALDWIN, ing, in the spring of 1874 a public appeal was made for funds with which to purchase land and erect a building for its accommodation ; and this met with such speedy success that within a few months plans for the structure were perfected. I'he corner-stone was formally laid September 16, the following year : and on March 15, 1S76, the main portion of the building, then No. 18 (now No. 48, the street having been renumbered) Boyl- ston Street, was completed, and dedicated to the uses of the Union. Six years later, in 1882, the need of still larger accommodations having become pressing, another successful appeal for funds was made to its friends ; and a substantial extension MEN OF PROGRESS. 947 was added, which was dedicated with fitting cere- monies on tlie 28th of May, 1883. The building now- covers over eleven thousand feet. It in- cludes several halls, reading, writing, sitting room, parlor, and room for games, a library containing a carefully selected collection of over 13,000 vol- umes, and a light and spacious gymnasium, one of the largest and best ec|uipped in the citw The work which the L'nion at present carries on, under Mr. Baldwin's direction, aided by an active and efficient Board of Directors, covers a broad field, — religious, ethical, educational, social, and physi- cal culture. Regular lectures are provided, even- ing classes in various branches of instruction, frequent entertainments, " J'ractical Talks," and public religious services conducted by clergymen and laymen of the several denominations. Much benevolent work is also done in the city at large, such as the Union's "Country Week" charity, — the sending of poor children into the country for summer vacations, — " Rides for Invalids," the "Christmas Festival for Poor Children," and the finding of employment for members and others, through its "Employment Bureau." Its member- ship is now more than five thousand, the largest in its history; over one thousand persons are en- rolled m the various evening classes ; and the gymnasium has a membership of about one thou- sand. The rooms are open every day and even- ing in the year from 8 a.m. to 10 p.ir. The insti- tution has the beginning of a Permanent Fund under the care of a Board know n as the " Board of Trustees of the Permanent Fund of the Boston Young Men's Christian L^nion," consisting of Samuel Wells, chairman, William Endicott, Jr., treasurer, William H. Baldwin, Kdwin L. Sprague, William L. Richardson. While directing the Union work, Mr. Baldwin is actixe in numerous other philanthropic and educational organizations. He is president of the Children's Mission to the Children of the Destitute, a member of the Board of Directors of the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, a trustee of the Boston Lying-in Hospital, a trustee of the Frank- lin Savings Bank, and an e.v president and mem- ber of the Unitarian Sunday School Society. For twenty-five years he was superintendent of the Sunday-schools of the Church of the Unity and the Church of the Disciples. He is a life member of the American l^nitarian Association, a membei' of the Bostonian Society, of the Boston Memorial Association, of the Law and Order League, of the Massachusetts Emergency and Hygiene Associa- tion, of the American Peace Society, of the Bos- ton Civil Service Reform .\ssociation, of the Bos- ton Citizens' Association, of the Boston Old School Boys' Association, of the Boston Leather Associates (an honorary member), of the Unita- rian Club of Boston, of the Municipal League of Boston, and of the Republican Club of Massa- chusetts. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and has always taken a warm interest in munici- pal as well as in State and national affairs. He has, however, declined to hold public office, beyond that of member of the Boston School Committee, upon which he served for several years. During the Civil War he was an active member of the War Relief Committee of old Ward Eleven, Boston, which cared for many fami- lies of soldiers at the front. Mr. Baldwin was married in Boston, June 17, i85i,to Miss Mary Frances Augusta Chaffee, daughter of Jonathan and Nancy (Aldrich) Chaffee, of Boston. They had a family of nine children, all of whom are living : Mary Chaffee, Maria Josephine, Harry Heath, Frank F"enno, Fannie Aldrich, William Henry, Jr., George Storer, Robert Coll}-er, and Richard Brackett Baldwin. Mrs. Baldwin died January 9, 1892. BENNETT, Edmu.vd H.\tch, of Taunton and Boston, dean of the Boston University Law School, is a native of \'erniont, born in Manches- ter, .\pril 6, 182-1, son of Milo Lyman and Ade- line (Hatch) Bennett. His father, born in Sharon, L'onn., in 1790, graduated at Wale in 181 1, was associate justice of the Supreme Court of Ver- mont for upward of twenty years, and, removing in later life to Taunton, died there in 1868. Ed- mund H. was educated at the Burr Seminary in his native town, at the academy in Burlington, and at the Vermont University, graduating in 1843. He studied law with his father, and was admitted to the Vermont bar in September, 1847. Coming to Boston a few months later, he was ad- mitted to the Suffolk bar July 3, 1848, and began practice in that city. Shortly after he established his home in Taunton, and engaged in an exten- sive practice at the Bristol bar, while maintaining an office also in Boston. In 1858 he was ap- pointed judge f)f probate and insolvency for Bris- tol County, and retained that office until 1883. when he resigned. From 1865 to 1867 he was 948 MEN OF PROGRESS. mayor of Taunton, and he has for many years been identified with its affairs in various ways. In 1889, upon the occasion of the two hundred and fiftietii anniversary of the settlement of the town, he delivered the historical address. Judge Bennett has done much and notable work in the literature of the law, and has been a teacher of its principles for upward of a quarter of a centurv. From 1865 to 187 i he was a lecturer at the Har- vard Law -School, and he has been professor and dean of the Boston University Law School since. He has edited a large number of important legal works, the list including : all of the law works of EDMUND H. BENNETT. Judge Story; English Law and Equity Reports, thirty volumes : (/ushing's Massachusetts Reports, volumes IX. and XII. inclusive; Massachusetts Digest; Brigham on Infancy; Blackwell on Ta.x Titles ; Leading Criminal Cases, two volumes ; (ireenleaf's Reports, eight volumes ; Goddard on Easements ; Benjamin on Sales ; Pomeroy's Con- stitutional Law; Indermaur's Principles of Com- mon Law ; and Fire Insurance Cases, five vol- umes. He lias also been coeditor of the American Laio Register, and a frequent contributor to the Albany Law Jounial, the Boston La7v Reporter, and other legal periodicals. He received the honorarv degree of LL.D. from the Vermont Uni- versity in 1872. In politics originally a Whig, Judge Bennett has been a Republican since the formation of that party. He was married in 'I'aunton. lune 23, 1853, to Miss Sally Crocker, daughter of the late Hon. Samuel L. Crocker, of Taunton. They have a son and daughter now living : Samuel C. Bennett, professor and assistant dean of the Boston University Law School ; and Mrs. Mary B. Conant, wife of Dr. William M. Conant. HIjAKE. Francis, of \\'eston, inventor of the Blake Transmitter, and of numerous other valu- able electrical contrivances, was born in Need- ham, now Wellesley Hills, December 25, 1850, son of Francis and Caroline Burling (Trumbull) Blake. He is of the eighth generation from William and Agnes Blake, who came to America from Somersetshire, England, before 1636, and settled in that part of Dorchester which became the town of Milton. William Blake was a dis- tinguished leader in colonial aft'airs, and his name has been kept in honorable prominence by his descendants to the present day. The grandfather of Mr. Blake, the first Francis, was for many years a prominent member of the Worcester County bar, and served in the State Senate ; and his father, the second Francis, was a Boston mer- chant in early life, and from 1862 to 1874 served as United States appraiser at the port of Boston. His mother was a daughter of (ieorge .Augustus TruuibuU, of Worcester, a kinsman of the famous General Jonathan Trumbull, private secretary to (ieneral W'ashington. Mr. Blake was educated in the public schools. When ne;ir the end of his course in the Brookline High School, in 1866, his uncle Commodore George Smith Blake, United States Navy, secured his appointment to the United States Coast Survey, in which service he acquired a scientific training which led him to his later successes in civil life. He spent twelve years in this department, during which time his name became connected with man\' of the most important achievements of the corps. His first field-work was on a hydrographic survey of the Susquehanna River, near Havre de Grace, Mary- land ; and this was followed by similar service on the west coast of F'lorida and the north coast of Cuba. In October, 1868, he was ordered to astronomical duty at the Harvard College Ob- servatory in connection with the transcontinental longitude determination between Cambridge and MEN OP" PROGRESS. 949 San l''rancisco, in \vhit:li work, for the purpose of cleterinininL;: the velocity of telegraphic time sig- nals, a metallic circuit of seven thousand miles, with tiiirteen repeaters, was used ; and it was found that a signal sent from the observatory to San Francisco was received back in eight-tenths of a second. He was ne.xt ordered, in October of the following year, to determine the astronomi- cal latitude and longitude of Cedar Falls, la., and St. Louis, Mo., and for the successful accom- plishment of this work was promoted to the rank of sub-assistant. In 1869 he spent some months in Europe in determining the astronomical dif- ference of longitude between Brest, France, and the Cambridge Observatory, by means of time- signals sent through the French cable. In No- vember, 1S70, he was detached from the Coast Survey, and appointed astronomer of the Darien Exploring E.xpedition, under the command of Commander Selfridge, United States Navy, for the e.xamination of the Atrato and Tuyra River routes for a ship canal across the Isthmus of Da- rien. Mr. Blake's part of the work included the determination of astronomical latitudes and longi- tudes of several points on the Gulf and Pacific Coasts and in the interior, as well as a determi- nation of the difference in longitude between As- pinwall and Panama ; and, upon the close of his connection with the expedition. Commander Self- ridge wrote to the superintendent, under date of March 9, 187 1, "It gives me great pleasure to bear witness to the zeal, ability, and ingenuit}' with which Mr. Blake has labored, and to recom- mend him to your favorable consideration." Tiie following year, in March, he was ordered to Europe for astronomical duty in connection with the third and final determination of the difference of longitude between Greenwich, Paris, and Cam- bridge. In this great work, which was carried on under the general direction of Professor J. K. Hilgard, then assistant in charge of the Coast Survey Office, and later superintendent of the Coast Survey, he was engaged for more than a year. He made all of the European obser\-a- tions, being stationed successively at Brest, France, at the Imperial Observatory, Paris, and at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. Then, returning to the United States, he was stationed at Cambridge and Washington for the determina- tion of differences of personal equation. On tiie ist of April, 1873, Mr. Blake was promoted to the rank of assistant, his work having met the warmest approval of iiis superiors, the superin- tendent of the Coast Survey, in a letter to the secretary in 187 1, declaring that '-his observa- tions have invariably ijorne the severest test in regard to accuracy"; and the assistant, Charles C). Boutelle, at the close of Mr. Blake's astronom- ical work in the Shenandoah Valley, writing to iiim, " Tite symmetrical precision of tiie latitude observations made by you at Maryland Heights, Clark and Bull Run stations, has never been ex- celled in the Coast Survey." In 1874 he was ordered to duty in the preparation for publica- tion of the results of transatlantic longitude FRANCIS BLAKE. work, which involved a rediscussion of the result of the transatlantic longitude determinations in 1 866 and 1870, as well as an original discussion of the final determination of 1872. This work occupied more than two years, and its results are embodied in Appendix No. 18, United States Coast Survey Report, 1874. Mr. Blake's obser- vations of 1872 gave a new result for the dif- ference of longitude between the Royal Observ- atory of Greenwich and the Imperial Observatory at Paris, — 9 minutes, 20.97 seconds. The pre- viously accepted value was 9 minutes, 20.63 sec- onds, which left a difference of 0.34 seconds, or 1 1 1 feet, to be accounted for. Subsequent obser- 950 MEN OK FKOGKKSS. vations by European astronomers have confirmed his results, and the finally accepted value is 9 minutes, 20.95 seconds. In 1877 Mr. Blake rep- resented the Coast Survey at a conference of the commission appointed to fix the boundary line between New York and Pennsylvania ; and this service was followed by geodetic duty in connec- tion with a resurvey of Boston Harbor, under the direction of the State Board of Harbor Commis- sioners, ills last field-work. His resignation, dated April 5, 1878, on the ground of the press- ure of private afifairs, was acknowledged by C. P. Patterson, the superintendent, in tlie following flattering letter : " I accept it with the greatest reluctance, and beg to express thus officially my sense of your high abilities and character, — abili- ties trained to aspire to the highest honors of scientific position, and character to inspire con- fidence and esteem. So loath am I to sever en- tirely your official connection with the survey that I must request you to allow me to retain your name upon the list of the survey as an ' extra observer,' under which title Professor B. Peirce, Professor Lovering, Dr. Gould, Professor Win- lock, and others had their names classed for many years. This will, of course, be merely hon- orary ; but it gives me a ' quasi ' authority to com- municate with you in a semi-official way as excep- tional occasion may suggest." Mr. Blake was at his home in Weston during the greater part of the last two years of his service in the Coast Sur- vey, engaged in the reduction of his European field-work connected with the determination of the differences of longitude between the astro- nomical observatories at Greenwich, Paris, Cam- bridge, and Washington ; and in his leisure mo- ments he devoted himself to experimental physics. In this occupation he became an enthusiastic amateur mechanic, and, at the time of his resig- nation from the survey, he was in possession of a well-equipped mechanical laboratory and a self- acquired ability to perform a variety of mechani- cal operations. Under these conditions what had been a pastime developed into a serious pur- suit ; and almost immediately after his resignation he began a series of experiments which shortly brought forth the renowned Blake Transmitter, first put in use by the American Bell Telephone Company in November, 1878. 'I'his invention was of peculiar value at that time, as the Bell Company was just beginning litigation with a strong rival companv which had entered the field with a transmitting telephone superior to the orig- inal form of the Bell instrument. Being superior to the infringing instrument, the Blake Trans- mitter enabled the Bell Company to hold its own in the sharp business competition which con- tinued, until by a judicial decision it was assured a monopoly of the telephone business during the life of the patents. At the present time there are upward of 215.000 Blake Transmitters in use in the United States, and a large number in foreign countries. Mr. Blake has continued his interest in electrical research, and the records in the Pat- ent Office show that twenty patents have been granted him since his first invention. Since No- vember, 1878, he has been a director of the American Bell Telephone Company. He is con- nected with numerous scientific societies, educa- tional institutions, and lending Boston clubs. He was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of .Science in 1874, fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Science in 1881, member of the National Conference of Electricians, 1884, member of the American In- stitute of Electrical Engineers, 1889, member of the corporation of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1889, member of the Boston So- ciety of Civil Engineers, 1890. He is also a member of the Boston Society of the Archaeolog- ical Institute of America, and member of the Bos- tonian Society. He has been for many years chairman of the committee to visit the Jefferson Physical Laboratory, appointed by the Board of Overseers of Harvard University. He is actively interested in photography, and for several years served as vice-president of the Boston Camera Club, of which he is now an honorary member. His life in Weston began on June 24, 1873, the day of his marriage to Miss Elizabeth L. Hub- bard, daughter of Charles T. Hubbard. His beautiful estate, lying in the south-eastern part of the picturesque town, to which he has given the name of " Keewaydin," has since been his home, and was the birthplace of his two children : Agnes (born January 2, 1876) and Benjamin Sewall Blake (born Eebruary 14, 1877). 1!()LSTER, Solomon Alonzo, of Boston, justice of the municipal court for the Roxbury District, is a native of Maine, born in Paris, Oxford County, December 10. 1835. son of Gideon and Charlotte (Hall) Bolster. He is a MEN OK PROGRESS. 95' descendant of Isaac Holster, who came from Eng- land and settled in Uxbridge, Mass., in 1732 ; and his great-grandfather Isaac, 2d, served in the Revolutionary War, first as a lieutenant and after- ward holding a captaincy. He was educated in the public schools and at the O.xford Normal Institute in his native town. His law studies were pursued in the office of his cousin, \\'illiam W. Bolster, in Dixfield, Me., and at the Harvard Law School, where he graduated witli the regular degree of LL.B. in 1859; and he was admitted that year in Paris to the Maine bar. Shortly after he was admitted to the Missouri bar at S. A. BOLSTER. Palmyra, Mo., and to the Suffolk bar April 24, 1862. In September of the latter year he en- listed for nine months' service in the t'ivil War. joining the Twenty-third Regiment, Maine Vol- unteers, on November 15 being commissioned second lieutenant of his company. L'pon his re- turn he resumed his practice in the Ro.xbury Dis- trict of Boston, and early acquired an established position in the profession. He was appointed to the bench, as justice of the Roxbury District Municipal Court, in .\pril, 1885, to succeed Henry W. Fuller, and in that capacity has added to his reputation by his able and impartial admin- istration. After the war he became connected with the Massachusetts militia, in which he served for many years through various grades. He was first appointed, June 29, 1867, judge ad- vocate with the rank of captain in the First Brigade: on March 22, 1870, he was commis- sioned assistant inspector-general with the rank of major; and on August 15, 1876, assi.stant adju- tant-general with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Judge Bolster is a member of Post 26, Grand .\rmy of the Republic, of the order of the Loyal Legion, and of the Pine Tree State Club. He is a past master of Washington Lodge, past high priest of Mount Verriver Chapter, past master of Roxbury Council, and past commander of Joseph Warren Commandery ; also thirty-second degree Mason in Scottish Rites. He has been district deputy of the Fourth Masonic District, and dis- trict deputy high priest of the First District, and is a member of the Grand Chapter. He was married in Cambridge, October 30, 1864, to Miss Sarah J. Gardner. Their children are : Percy G. (born August 20, 1865), Wilfred (born September 13, 1866), May M. (born July 20, 18721, Stanley M. (born March 21, 1874). and Roy H. Bolster (born April 6, 1877). BRIDGHAM, Percy Albert, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar. and of the Penobscot County bar, Maine, is a native of Maine, born in F.ast Eddington, November 5, 1850, son of Albert and Martha C. (Maddocks) Bridgham. He was educated in the public schools of Bangor, Me., and studied law in the office of Chief Justice Peters in Bangor, and with A. J. Robinson in Bos- ton. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar Novem- ber 8, 1875, and began practice in Boston. Pre- vious to his admission he served as assistant register of deeds of Penobscot County, Maine, for four years (1869-72). He was counsel for the receivers of the Mercantile Savings Institution in Boston from 1878 to 1880, and during that period succes.sfully managed the foreclosure and settle- ment of many hundred mortgaged estates. He opened an office in Bangor, Me., while still retain- ing his Boston office, in 1895. He has conducted the '"legal column" of the Boston Daily Globe since 1887, and in 1890 he published a volume under the title of " One thousand Legal Questions .\nswered by the People's Lawyer." While resid- ing in Bangor, he served as clerk of the Bangor Common Council from i86g to 1872 ; and. after 952 MEN OF PROGRESS. liis removal to Massachusetts, served one term, through 1879, in the Common Council of Somer- ville. He is division adjutant of the United Boys' PERCY A. BRIDGHAM. Brigades, a religious militarv Sunday-school or- ganization for Massachusetts. BRUCE, George Anson, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, president of the State Senate in 1884, is a native of New Hampshire, born in the town of Mt. X'ernon, November 19, 1839, son of Nathaniel and Lucy (Butterfield; Bruce. He is a lineal descendant of George Bruce, one of the earliest settlers in \\'oburn, Mass., being settled there in 1659. His father was a prominent man of affairs in his town and county, having held the offices of town clerk of Mt. Vernon for several years, selectman, repre- sentative in the Legislature, and county treasurer. George A. acquired his early education in the local schools, and fitted for college at the McCol- lom Institute in Mt. Vernon. Entering Dart- mouth, he graduated there, ranking higli in his class, in 1861. Soon after leaving college, he began the study of law in the office of Daniel S. and George F. Richardson in Lowell; but, a few enlisted in the service of his country for the Civil War. Starting as first lieutenant in the Thir- teenth New Hampshire Regiment, iie was made in Januar)', 1863. assistant adjutant-general of the Third Brigade, Third Division, Ninth Army Corps, and shortly after assistant adjutant-general and judge advocate of the First Division, Twenty- fourth Corps, under General Charles Devens. He was promoted to a captaincy in 1864 for service at Petersburg, to the rank of major later the same year for gallant conduct at the capture of Fort Harrison, and to lieutenant colonel in 1865 for distinguished services in connection with the capture of Richmond ; and he was mustered out July 3, 1865, witii a brilliant record as a faith- ful and brave soldier. After his retirement from the army he resumed his law^ studies with the Messrs. Richardson in Lowell, retaining his resi- dence in Mt. Vernon, N.H., and in October, 1866, was admitted to the Middlese.x bar. Meanwhile he had served a term in the New Hampshire Legislature, having been elected a representative for Mt. Vernon in the spring of that year. In January, 1867, he opened an office in Boston, and CEO. A. BRUCE. was soon successfully engaged in a prosperous practice. In 1874 he established his residence in lonths later, he temporarily closed his books, and Somerville, and at once became identified with the MEN OF PROGRESS. 953 municipal affairs of that tlien young city. Ho was elected to the fjoard of Aldermen in 1S75, and the same year appointed associate justice of the police court; in 1878 was made mayor of the city, and re-elected in 1S79 and i88o; and in 1882-83-84 was a member of the State Senate for the First Middlesex District. In the Legisla- ture he was a leader from the start, ser\ing on the committees on the judiciary (chairman), mili- tary affairs, and Hoosac Tunnel, also taking a foremost part in important debates in the Senate sessions ; and his election to the presidency of the Senate in 1884 was by a flattering vote. Since his retirement from public station Mr. Bruce has devoted himself mainly to corporation matters, and has frequently appeared before legislative committees as attorney for large interests, in which he has met with marked success. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and has long been influential in the councils of his party in the State. He is a member of the Loyal Legion. Mr. Bruce was married in Groton, Janu- ary 26, 1870, to Miss Clara M. Hall, daughter of Joseph F. and Sarah (Longley) Hall of that town. They have one daughter : Clara A. Bruce. ford Desk and furniture Company, the Star I'urniture Company, the Diamond Furniture Com- pany, the West End Furniture Companv, — and CARLSON, Carl Enoch, of Boston, real estate dealer, is a native of Sweden, born in the province of Holland, July 24, 1858, son of Carl and Fredericka ( Hard) Carlson. His mother was descended from a titled family. His father was a builder and architect. He was educated in his native place, and there early learned and followed the trade of a machinist. Coming to this country when he had attained his majority, he first settled in Pennsylvania. Six years after, in 1885, he went to Rockford, where his brother, the late Professor M. E. Carlson (formerly a professor in the Royal Conservatory of Sweden, and later at the head of the musical department in Gustavus Adolphus College, of St. Peter, Minn.), was then living ; and he was there for some time success- fully engaged in the real estate, loan, and insur- ance business, through which he acquired a hand- some property. He became an owner in the Rock River Subdivision, a territory comprising one hundred and twenty acres of planted ground, and treasurer of the Rock River Planing Mill Company, whose building is on this land : also an owner of stock and a director in a number of furniture manufacturing companies, — the Rock- I C. E. CARLSON. in several other manufacturing concerns, among them the Skandia Shoe Company and the Rock- ford Paint Manufacturing Company. He is now president of the Alpine Heights Furniture Com- pany of Chicago. Mr. Carlson has made his home in Boston since January, 1892. In politics he is a Republican. CHANDLER, Alfred Dupoxt, of Brookline, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, May 18, 1847, son of Theophilus Parsons and Elizabeth Julia (Schlatter; Chandler. On the paternal side he is descended in the eighth gen- eration from Edmund Chandler, who settled in Duxbury in 1633, and was a representative from Duxbury in 1639. in 1643, ^"d '" '645. His maternal grandfather, William Schlatter, was an eminent Philadelphia merchant in the early part of this century. His parents removed to Brook- line when he was a y-ear old, and that has since been his home. He was educated in the Brook- line public schools and at Harvard, graduating in the class of 1868. His law studies were begun with his father, one of the ablest members of the 954 I\IEN OF PROGRESS. b,ir in liis tiiiiL-, and continued in tiie I!ost(in offices of Abbott iS: Jones and of Richard H. Dana, and with Porter, Lowrey, & Soren in New York City. He was admitted to the Middlesex bar at Cambridge, December 13, 1869, and on April 17, 1877, to the Supreme Court of the United .States. His preference is for chamber practice ; but on occasion he is heard in town meetings, before legislative committees, and in the higher courts. His attention is given mainly to corporation law, private and municipal. He has been active in the discussion and practical working of municipal administration in ISrookline, ALFRED D. CHANDLER. and has aided other New England towns. He has appeared in admiralty, in tariff, and in patent cases, and has helped to perfect inventions and to exploit patents for patentees. He was the peti- tioners' counsel in the Ebenezer .Smith will case, involving nearly half a million of dollars, in 1878-79, his closing argument in the Probate Court occupying over live hours. As a solicitor for land companies, he has conducted several important suits which appear in the Massachu- setts Reports. He was the plaintiff's solicitor in the leading case of Pierce ?■. Drew, on the consti- tutionality of the Massachusetts telegraph act. Corporation receivership questions in the United States courts ha\e recpiirecl much of his time. He draughted the bill for the creation of national savings-banks, known as Mr. W'indom's bill, and offered by Mr. W'indoni in the United States Senate, March i, 1880. Mr. Chandler's argument thereon at Washington, May 4, 1880, before the committee on finance of the Senate, was printed at the committee's request. His published argu- ments before committees of the State Legislature on the annexation cpiestion, in 1880; on creating a tribunal to decide that a public necessity for a railroad exists before property can be taken for its construction, in 1882. resulting in Chapter 265 of the Acts of 1882 : and on Nationalism and the municipal control of public lighting, in 1889, — are leading contributions upon those subjects. The construction of the Riverdale I\irk between Brook- line and Boston is due mainly to Mr. Chandler's continued efforts in surmounting legal and practi- cal difficulties in the way. He has been the pro- moter of or had an influential hand in directing the largest public improvements of late years in ?!rookline. He served as chairman of the Board of Selectmen, Surveyors of Highways, Board of Health, and Overseers of the Poor, in Brook- line, in 1884-85-86, and as a trustee of the Brookline Public Library in 1874-75-76. The annual Brookline Town Reports, the most com- plete of any in the country, now follow the model established by his direction in 1885. The report of that year gives an elaborate exposition of municipal financiering, written by him. He was one of the earliest importers and users of the bicycle in .America ; and through his appeal, sus- tained by the Treasury Department at Washing- ton in 1877, bicycles were first made subject to the duty of and classed as carriages. His little book, " A Bicycle Tour in England and Wales," published in Boston and London in 1881, is mentioned in the select list of bibliographv in Baedeker's "Great liritain." He has been a con- stant contributor to the local press on a variety of questions touching municipal administration. In politics he is a Republican, and has served as president of the Brookline Republican Club. He is a member of the American Bar Association, of the Boston Bar Association, of the .American Economic Association, and of the Exchange Club of Boston, of which he was an active founder. He was married in Brookline, December 22, 1882, to Miss Mary M. Poor, daughter of Henry V. and ALirv W. (Pierce) Poor. Thev have six children. MEN OF PROGRESS. 955 (.'HANDLER, Parkkr L'i.i'.avki.ani), of lios- ton, member of the Suffolk l);ir, was Ijoru in Boston, December 7, 184S, son of Peleg W. and Martha Ann (Cleaveland) Chandler. On the paternal side lie is a lineal descendant of Kclmund Chandler, who came from Eni:;land in 1633, and settled in Du.xbury. His maternal grandmother on his father's side was a Parsons, of the Chief Justice Parsons line. He is from three genera- tions of lawyers, — his paternal grandfather, a graduate of Prown University, his maternal grand- father, a graduate of Harvard, and his father, a graduate of Bowdoin. His mother was a p. C. CHANDLER. daughter of Professor Parker Cleaveland, H.C. 1799, and for years the leading geologist of the United States at Bowdoin College. Mr. Chand- ler was fitted for college at the Boston Latin School, and graduated from Williams in the class of 1872. He studied law at the Harvard Law School, graduating in 1874, and in the office of his father, who had long been one of the fore- most counsellors- at-law in Massachusetts, and was admitted to the bar in 1875. He has since practised in Boston and New York, almost ex- clusively engaged in corporation matters. He was managing counsel in the famous contest, covering seven years, of the Drawhaugh J'ele- phonc Company r'.f. the .American Bell Telephone Company ; was the representative of Cyrus W. Field, in the New York & New England Railroad litigation of 1888; and he has for some years been counsel for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company, the five Boston gas companies, and of several electrical corporations. Mr. Chandler has followed in his father's footsteps as an adviser in affairs of State as well as of law, keeping in touch with politics and social life. He was one of the originators of the Bristow movement within the Republican party in 1876, which was the earliest to advance civil service reform. Later, in the campaign for the Republican presidential nomina- tion, in 1880, he was manager for Senator John Sherman ; and during the hot ]5utler campaigns in Massachusetts he had charge of the Citizens' reform movement in Boston, and at that time drew the original drafts for the present registra- tion laws of the State. He has also given much time to the study of the science of municipal government, and has written for the press on political questions. With all his activity in poli- tics, he has never aspired to public office. Mr. Chandler is a member of numerous clubs in Bos- ton and New York, among them the l^niversity clubs of both cities, and the Union, Algonquin, and Athletic clubs of Boston. He is unmarried. CHAPIN, Nahu.m, of Boston, distiller, is a na- tive of Yermont, born in the town of Jamaica, Windham County, July 16, 1820, son of Harvey and Matte (Rossa) Chapin. His parents re- mo\ed to Massachusetts, settling in Waltham, when he was a child of four years. He was edu- cated in the public schools and at Smith's Acad- emy, Waltham, which he attended four years. After leaving the academy, he was apprenticed to learn the machinist's trade in the works of the Boston Manufacturing Company of Waltham, and four years later he became overseer of the shops. After three years in that position he removed to Charlestown, and established there a provision and produce business, in which he was success- fully engaged for twenty years. In i860, forming the firm of Richardson & Chapin, he entered the distilling business, which he has since followed, building up extensive w^orks in the C'harlestown District, with headquarters in the city proper. In 1877 the firm name was changed to Chapin, 'Frull, & Co., as at present. Mr. Chapin early became 956 MEN OF PROGRESS. identified with (^harlestown local affairs and an influential citizen. He served in the Common Council from 1856 to i860: in the Board of He is connected with the Masonic and Odd Fel- lows orders, and is an active member of the old City Guard of Charlestown. In religious faith he is a Universalist, a member of the standing com- mittee of the First Universalist Church of Charles- town. He was married in Waltham in 1841, to Miss Lucy Farwell, daughter of Zaccheus and Harriet F"arwell. They have had four children, of whom two, George Francis and Lucy F. F. Chapin, only are now living. Of the other two, John Henry and Nahum Harvey Chapin, the elder, Nahum H.. died at the age of thirty-nine years. COBB, Henrv Eddy, of Boston, banker and broker, is a native of Connecticut, born in Hart- ford, June 21, 1839, son of Andrew B. and Lydia M. (Eddy) Cobb. He is descended on the pater- nal side from John Cobb of Romney, England, born in 1324, whose first descendant in this coun- try was Elder Henry Cobb, settling at Barnstable in 1634. On the maternal side he is also of old Pilgrim stock, from Samuel Eddy, of Middle- borough in 1624. His great-grandfather, Captain NAHUM CHAPIN. Aldermen in 186 1 and 1872 ; as an assessor from 1867 to 1874, when Charlestown was annexed to Boston, continuing on the Pioston board till 1879, and as one of the commissioners to carry into effect the act providing for annexation ; and for nearly a quarter of a century he was in active service on the Charlestown and Boston school boards. He also served in the State Legislature as a representative for the Charlestown District in 1877-78. During his long service on the school Committee he accomplished a number of notable reforms. He was influential in ciianging the sys- tem of furnishing materials for the several school departments, the establishment of the important committee of supplies was upon his order, and his experience and practical knowledge rendered him a valuable member in various ways. Besides his regular business, Mr. Chapin is interested in local banking institutions, being a director of the P!un- ker Hill National Bank and a trustee of the War- ren Institution for Savings; and he was for many years a director of the ?sliddlesex Horse Railroad Company, subsequently of the Boston Consoli- dated Street Railway, and of other corporations. HENRY E. COBB. Joshua Eddy, served with Washington thr Revolution. He was educated in public finishinjr in the Newton High School. ough the schools. He left MEN OK PROGRESS. 957 school at the age of fourteen to take the place of boy in the Newton Bank. Two years later he entered the employ of Potter, Nute, White, & J5ag- ley, wholesale boot and shoe dealers in Boston, and continued there for twelve years. Then, in 1867, he formed a copartnership with R. L. Day, under the firm name of R. L. Day & Cobb, bankers and brokers and stock auctioneers, and became the auctioneer of the firm, holding semi- weekly sales in the old Mechanics' Exchange on State Street. In 1S74 he entered the firm of Brewster, Bassett, & Co., successors of the old banking house of Brewster, Sweet, & Co. ; and later the present house of Brewster, Cobb, & Esta- brook, of which he is now the head, was formed. For several years he represented the house on the floor of the Stock E.xchange ; and he was for some time vice-president of that body, presiding at the afternoon sessions. In Newton, where he still resides, Mr. Cobb has served in the Board of Aldermen two years and for a longer period on the School Committee. He is interested in church matters, as a member of the Eliot Congre- gational Church of Newton, and is one of the officers of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He is a Freemason, mem- ber of the W'inslow Lewis Lodge, and of the Royal Arch Chapter at Newton. He is president of the Claflin Guard Veteran Association, and a trustee of the New England Conservatory of Music ; and a member of the Sons of the Revolu- tion, of the Congregational Club, and of the New- ton Club, an ex-president of the latter, having held that position for four years. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Cobb was married May 11, 1864, to Miss Hattie M. Cooley, of Norwich, Conn., a lineal descendant of Elder Brewster, of Plymouth. Their children are : Morton E., Lucy Elv, and Helen Minerva Cobb. tion continued for twenty years, or from 1870 till 1890, when Mr. Stowell retired, and Mr. Cook purchased the business in connection with his COOK, Ch.\rles Sydney, of Boston, jeweller, senior partner of A. Stowell & Co., was born in New Bedford, March 14, 1848, son of Abijah Doane and Esther Luther (Baker) Cook. On the paternal side his first ancestor in this country, Josias Cook, came over in the " May- flower" in 1620. Coming to Boston in 1864 at the age of fifteen, Mr. Cook entered the employ of Alexander Stowell, the first years working for his board only. At the age of twenty-two he was admitted as a partner in the firm. This associa- CHARLES S. COOK. present partner, A. T. Maynard. Business of the house takes him frequently to Europe, and he has been abroad twelve times during the past sixteen years. He is also president of the D. S. Mc- Donald Company, of Boston. In politics Mr. Cook was by birth and education a Republican, and is an Independent by conviction, classed as a "Mugwump." He voted for Cleveland in the election of 1892. He is a Freemason, member of Bethesda Blue Lodge of Boston, Brighton District, and a member of the Boston Art and Athletic clubs. He was married January 12, 1874, to Miss Helen Frances Clark, of Boston. They have two sons : Charles Sydney. Jr., and .\rthur Doane Cook. CROSBY, William Lincoln of IJoston, is a native of Maine, born in Calais in 1859, son of William and Sarah ( Persons) Crosby. He is de- scended from one of the early New England families, branches of which are settled in Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and New \ork. His ancestrv is traced back in England to 13 10, 958 MEN OF PROGRESS. and, in this country dates from tlie settlement of Simon Crosby in Cambridge in 1635. ^^''• Crosby was educated in the pubHc schools, and, graduating from the Bangor High School at the age of sixteen, successfully passed the examina- tions for Harvard College, but, choosing to start at once upon a business career, entered an insur- ance office. He remained in the insurance business about three years, and then became corresponding clerk for the IJrown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company of Providence, R.I., one of the leading manufacturing concerns of the world in its special lines. In the latter position W. L. CROSBY. he gained an experience that was invaluable to him ; but, not satisfied that he had yet found the particular vocation for which he was best adapted, he tried newspaper work for a year, and then book-keeping. For some time he was chief book- keeper for Parker & Wood, Boston, one of the largest agricultural goods houses in New England. The duties of this position, requiring a thorough comprehension of the details of a large and diver- sified business, brought to the front his natural abilities as an executive and manager, and in 1886 he became the business manager of Lew- ando"s French dyeing and cleansing establishment. I'nder his management the business of this old- time house, fifty years established, more than doubled in proportions : and " Lewando's " has become the largest and foremost institution of its kind in the United States, with extensive works at Watertown and in New York City, main offices in Boston and New York, sub-offices in the various sections and suburbs of those cities, and branches in Cambridge, Lynn, Providence, Newport, Phila- delphia, Baltimore, and other cities. It now has a thousand agents and more throughout the coun- try, and employs hundreds of persons in its works and offices, including skilled workers from France, England, Germany, and Sweden. Mr. Crosby exercises direct control over all branches of the business : and its development to the present pro- portions and wide-reaching extent is due wholly to his qualities as a man of modern business ideas, with the executive force and ability to carry them out. He is a member of the .Athletic Club. Mr. Crosby is unmarried. CUMMINGS, John, of Woburn and Boston, banker, was born in Woburn, October 19, 18 12. He is of Scotch descent, and his ancestors were early settlers of Watertown. His great-grand- father, a native of Andover, moved to Woburn in 1756, and bought the estate on which Mr. Cum- mings now lives. He acquired his education in part at the Warren Academy of Woburn and at a school at South Reading, but largely through self- teaching. Entering business at an early age, he engaged in the tanning and currying industry, be- coming one of the leading tanners in his section. He was associated at different periods with John B. Alley, Charles Choate, Leonard B. Harrington, and Leonard Harrington, well known in the trade. In :S68 he became president of the Shawmut National Bank of Boston, and has held that posi- tion continuously to the present time, making him now one of the oldest bank presidents in Boston. During the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, in T876, he was a member of the Centennial Board of Finance, which redeemed that enterprise from failure, and carried it through to triumphant success. He has served in both branches of the State Legislature as representative for Woburn, and senator for the Sixth Middlesex District ; and has proved a useful and influential citizen in other walks. He has been a member of the executive committee of the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology since the establishment of that committee, MEN OF PROGRESS. 959 and was treasurer of the corporation for seventeen home. He was educated in tiie Jjoston public years; and, upon his retirement from the latter schools, with a supplementary course at IJryant position in 18S9, his name, by formal vote of the & Stratton's Commercial College. His business career was begun when he was still in his teens, with his brother Bernard, then engaged in the wine and spirits trade. After a number of years spent in that business, in which he prospered, he retired, and engaged in banking and brokerage, which he has since successfully followed, operat- ing principally in gas securities and real estate. He has also been identified with the West End Land Company, the Charles River Embankment Company, and other land improvements in Jioston and its immediate neighborhood ; and he is an owner of valuable real estate. He is a director of the Mechanics' National Bank of Boston, in the reorganization of which, some years ago, he took part : and a director of the Bay State Gas Company, He was prominent in the organization of the Bos- ton Cas Syndicate which acquired the leading gas companies in the city in 1886, and he has since been largely interested in the gas business. In politics Mr. Cunniff is a Democrat, and for many years was an acti\'e force in city and State politi- JOHN CUMMINGS. corporation, was applied in perpetuity to the laboratories of mining, engineering, and metal- lurgy, in recognition of his services. Mr. Cum- mings has had somewhat similar public relations for many years with the Boston Society of Na- tional History and the State Agricultural College at Amherst ; and he has served some time also as a director of the Perkins Institution for the Blind and of the Massachusetts Institution for Feeble- minded \'outh. His scientific tastes, notably in the development of natural history, were displayed early in life, and have been closely cultivated through his long and active business career, while he has always been devoted to agriculture, in later years especially interested in the application of scientific principles to the working of the soil. M. M. CUNNIFF. CUNNIFF, Michael Matthews, of Boston, banker and broker, was born in Boscommon, Ireland, in 1850, son of Michael and Ellen (Ken- nedy) Cunniff, His parents came to America cal matters. He held the chairmanship of the when he was an infant of three months, and set- Democratic city committee for several terms, was tied in Boston, which city has since been his later chairman of the executive committee of the 960 MEN OF PROGRESS. Democratic State Committee ; and he has been a member of the State Committee for seventeen years. In 1888 he was a member of the Gover- nor's Council, for the Fourth Suffolk District, and, renominated for a second term, declined to stand. He is prominent in the Independent Order of Foresters, having held the office of chief ranger ; is a leading member also of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ; an honorary member of the Kearsarge Veterans ; member of the Charita- ble Irish Society of Boston, and of the Suffolk, Eastern, and Massachusetts yacht clubs. Mr. Cunniff was married in Boston, June 30, 1890, to Miss Josephine McLaughlin, daughter of the late Francis McLaughlin, a Boston merchant and man- ufacturer. They have two children : Michael M., Jr., and Josephine Cunniff. v DRIVER, William Raymond, of Beverly, treasurer of the American Bell Telephone Com- pany, was born in Beverly, January 2, 1839, son of David and Emma Elizabeth (Raymond) Driver. He is of English ancestry, his first ancestor in WM. R. DRIVER. America coming in 1630. His later ancestors were chiefly seafaring men. He was educated in the public schools of his native place. His busi- ness career was begun in a retail dry-goods and drug store. Subsequently he was employed in a wholesale woollens store in Boston, and at a later period in the Suffolk Savings Bank. He was chosen treasurer of the American Bell Tele- phone Company in 1880, upon its organization, and has held this position from that time to the present. Colonel Driver served in the Civil War, from the opening of hostilities in 1861 — enlist- ing on the iSth of April of that year — to the close, being discharged September 19, 1865, and passed through the several grades in the volun- teer service to brevet lieutenant colonel. He was present at all of the battles of the army of the Poto- mac except that of Ball's Bluft". He is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, of the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, of the Grand Army of the Re- public ; and of the Union and Algonquin clubs, Itoston. In Beverly, where he still resides, he is a trustee of the Public Library and a commis- sioner of sinking funds. In politics Colonel Driver is an Independent. He was married Jan- uary 14, 1869, to Miss Ellen Salisbury Brown, of Beverly. Their children are : Eleanor Salisbury, now wife of William G. Rantoul, and William Raymond Driver, Jr. EVANS, Brick Shepherd, of Boston, real estate dealer and broker, was born in Allenstown, N.H., September 11, 1821, son of Robert and Sarah R. (Goss) Evans, died in Boston, Decem- ber 6, 1895. He was reared on a farm, and edu- cated in the country schools. Coming to Boston at the age of sixteen to seek his fortune, he began as a clerk in a diy-goods store, became a successful retail merchant, and later, entering the real estate field, became one of the most prominent of real estate dealers and brokers in Boston, extending his operations and investments into other parts of New England and the West. His first employ- ment was with a dry-goods dealer ha\-ing a shop on Cambridge Street, and he remained there for five years. He started in business for himself when he reached his majorit)', opening a shop on Court Street, near Sudbury Street. Subsequently he moved to Hanover Street, at that time the centre of retail trade, and there did a flourishing lousiness for several years. As a real estate dealer, he was a shrewd operator and far-seeing investor from the start. He watched with much MEN OF PROGRESS. 961 interest the growth of the city in various direc- tions, and, carefully noting the earliest indications of changes in the business sections, directed his BRICE S. EVANS. in\-estnients accordingly, so in time becoming a large owner of valuable realty in the best parts of Boston. His name was well known in Boston real estate circles for half a century, and in con- nection especially wMth large transactions. He bought sagaciously, and was an authority on all matters pertaining to investments in realty, his judgment being relied on as accurate and trust- worthy. He did a large business as a real estate auctioneer, and much valuable residential and business property was sold by him in this way. He was one of the earliest members of the Real Estate Exchange. Mr. Evans was activelv inter- ested in temperance and other reforms. He ar- ranged the mass meeting at Faneuil Hall upon the "Travis incident," engaged the speakers, and was the temporary chairman of the committee of ten (five at Faneuil Hall and five at Tremont Temple) which afterward became the Committee of One Hundred ; and he carried on for many years the famous Allenstown .\ugust Grove Meetings, when Ihiiusands from the surrounding places listened to noted preachers from other parts of the country. In these annual religious gatherings he was greatly interested, and he contributed nuich the larger part of the funds to meet the expense in- volved. It was through his influence, also, that clergymen of distinction were each year brought to take part in the work. He retained the ances- tral home where he was born, in Allenstown, as his country seat, and by a generous outlay made it one of the most delightful places in central New Hampshire. Here the ministers attending the August grove meetings were hospitably en- tertained, and his neighbors were always wel- come. He never lost his interest in his native State, and he was held in high esteem by the people of Allenstown and the Suncook Valley. In religious faith Mr. Evans was a Baptist, connected with the First Baptist Church on Commonwealth Avenue. He was a member of the Boston Baptist Social Union, one of the founders of the Boston Industrial Temporary Home, and interested in various other charitable or philanthropical insti- tutions. Mr. Evans was married in Boston, Janu- ary I, 1845, to Miss Sarah M. Cummings, daugh- ter of Charles Cummings, a contractor and builder of Boston. They had a family of five sons and four daughters. Three of the sons are associated with the firm of Brice S. Evans & Co., — Edgar B., Charles R., and Herbert S. ; another, Percival A., is an architect ; and the other, Arthur W., is in the shoe business. The daugh- ters were Estelle M., now the wife of William G. Preston, the architect ; Isadore, widow of Lieu- tenant Frank \\". Nichols, United States navy ; Minerva S., residing at home, and Gertrude ^^'are Evans (deceased). Mrs. Evans died in 1886. FAIRBANKS, Lorenzo Savles, of Boston, member of the Sufl:olk bar, was born in Pepperell, March 16, 1825, son of Joel and Abigail (Tufts) Fairbanks. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of Jonathan Fairbanks, who came from Yorkshire, England, about the year 1633, and in 1636 settled in Dedliam, where he built the house still standing, a cherished landmark in Dedham. and one of the oldest houses in New England. In this house John Fairbanks, the great-grand- father of Lorenzo S., was born. His father was also a native of Dedham, born in 1797, and thence moved to Pepperell in 1822, where he lived till 1825, when he moved a second time, to New Boston, N.H. The mother of Lorenzo S. was a daughter of Ebenezer Tufts, of Roxbury, 962 MEN OF PROGRESS. N.H., an intellectual woman, of strong character, of great energy and executive ability. His edu- cation was begun in the district schools in New- Boston ; and, attracting attention there as a scholar, he was stimulated to push for higher attain- ments. Half a dozen of his schoolmates preparing for college, he was ambitious to follow in their steps ; and, knowing that he must himself meet the cost of a collegiate training, for it was beyond the means of his father, — an industrious manufacturer of doors, blinds, window sashes, and clock cases, but moderately prosperous, — he set about clearing the way. Entering a country store in New Bos- ^SH iKKJltr' i-/. L. S. FAIRBANKS. ton as a clerk, he spent three years there acquir- ing means for beginning a course of preparatory study, and then attended Hancock Academy for a term. Continuing his studies in the Townsend (Vt.) Academy, and later at the Black River Academy at Ludlow, \i.. he was finally fitted for college ; but, instead of then entering, he further studied at home without a teacher, mastering the course of the freshman year, and in the autumn of 1849 entered Dartmouth in the sophomore class. While in college, he was president of the Alpha Delta Phi Society and of the Social Friends, a public literary society ; and at graduation was ad- mitted to the Phi Beta Kappa Society. He grad- uated in 1852 with high rank, and in the com- mencement e.xercises delivered the closing oration. His law studies were pursued in New York City, and he was admitted to the New York bar in the autumn of 1853. He at once began practice there, and during his first two years was retained in a number of notable cases, among them being the celebrated Chemical Bank forgery cases, and the so-called " Martha Washington false pretence case," which grew out of the burning of the steamer " Martha Washington " on the Mississippi River in 1852, twelve persons being indicted for obtaining money under false pretences from New- York insurance companies on pretended ship- ments of merchandise on the steamer, it being alleged that no goods were shipped and that the vessel was burned to obtain the insurance. In the latter case Mr. Fairbanks w-as counsel for eleven of the twelve defendants, and succeeded in having the indictments quashed. After four years of practice in New- ^'ork he decided to move to the West ; but, the financial condition of the country at the time making the outlook there un- promising, he went to Philadelphia, where he took charge of a commercial school which was in a languishing condition. Entering upon this new- business with zeal and energy, within six months the institution w-as freed from debt ; and at the end of three years, during a large part of which time he was a partner in the enterprise, it was fixed on a firm foundation and steadily prosperous. Sub- sequently he started a commercial school of his own : and during his conduct of it, for a period of fi\e years, it was, w-ith one exception, the largest school of its kind in the country. While in charge of this school, he published an elaborate treatise on book-keeping, w-hich is still in the market, and subsequently a practical work on commercial arithmetic, embodying new features. Mr. Fairbaiiks came to Boston in 1874, and re- sumed his regular profession, engaging in a general practice. He has the reputation of being a safe and conservative counsellor, and in the cases he has tried has been eminently successful. Some years ago he gave considerable attention to the study of electrical science, and invented several interesting electrical devices, including telephones, for the manufacture of which he organized a company ; but, upon the decision of the United States Supreme Court in support of the Bell patent, his company suspended operations to await the expiration of the fundamental patents. MEN OF PROGRESS. 96' In 1877 lie added to his list of publications a work on the "Marriage and Divorce Laws of Mas- sachusetts," and brought out a second edition in 1882. For the past three years he has been en- gaged in compiling a general genealogy of the Fairbanks family, for publication. Mr. Fairbanks was married in New York in 1856 to Sarah Eliza- beth Heath, daughter of Samuel S. and Rebecca (Pearl) Heath, of Bradford. They had three daughters, two of whom are living, one of them married and havintr three children. FLYNN, Edward James, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, June i6, 1859, son of Maurice and Mary (McSweeny) Flynn. He is of Irish ancestry. He was educated in the Boston public schools, attending the Eliot Gram- mar and English High, and at Boston College, graduating from the latter, valedictorian of the class, in 1881, with the regular degree of A.B., and receiving the degree of A.M. three years later. In college he was president of two leading societies. He studied law in the Boston Univer- sity Law School, and after graduation there, in 1884, with the degree of LL.B., took a special course in the Harvard Law School. In January the same year he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and began practice in Boston, early building up an extensive and lucrative business. He became interested in political matters when a law student, and in the autumn following his graduation was elected to the lower house of the Legislature for the Sixth Suffolk District. Twice returned, he served in the legislatures of 1885, 1886, and 1888, a leading member on the Democratic side from the start, active in debate and prominent in committee work, serving on the committees on pro- bate and insolvency, election laws, the judiciary, and constitutional amendments. He was an elo- quent speaker and identified with numerous im- portant measures. He was an earnest advocate of annual elections and of the abolition of the poll tax ; led the opposition to the passage of the Metropolitan Police Bill for the city of Boston, and was recognized as an able and fearless leader. During the years 1886, 1887, and 1888 he was also a director of the East Boston ferries ; and he was lire marshal of the city of Boston till the abolition of that office by the Legislature, filling the position with marked ability. In 1S89 he was elected a member of the Executive Council, and through repeated re-elections served in that body in 1889 (with Governor Ames), 1890 (with Gover- nor Brackett), and 189 1 (with Governor Russell), the only Democratic member, and the youngest man who ever sat in the Governor's Council. He was also the youngest man who has ever served as an East Boston Ferry director. In the election of 1895 he was a candidate on the Democratic State ticket for secretary of state. He was for a num- ber of years connected with the Boston Demo- cratic city committee, and is now vice-president of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachu- setts. He served as president of the Boston EDWARD J. FLYNN. College Alumni Association for two years, July, 1890-92. He is now president of the Charitable Irish Society, the oldest organization of its kind in this part of the country ; and is a member of the Knights of Columbus and of the Boston Catholic Union. Mr. Flynn was married October 18, 1893, to Miss Mary I. Harvey, of Waltham. They have one child: Edward J. Flynn, Jr. FRENCH, Asa, of Kraintree and Boston, mem- ber of the bar, is a native of Braintree, born October 21, 1829, son of Jonathan and Sarah (Brackettj P"rench. His ancestors lived in Brain- 964 MEN OF PROGRESS. tree from its early settlement. He received his early education in the public schools, fitted for college at Leicester Academy, and graduated at Yale in the class of 185 1. He studied law in the Albany and Harvard Law schools, graduating from the latter with the regular degree in 1853. He was admitted to the New York bar that year ; and soon after, coming to Boston, and further reading in the offices of David A. Simmons and Harvey Jewell, he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, April 26, 1S54. Although practising in Bos- ton with a large clientage, he has been especially identified with the bar of Norfolk C'ountv, the % ASA FRENCH. place of his residence. In 1S70 he was appointed district attorney for the South-eastern District of Massachusetts, consisting of the counties of Nor- folk and Plymouth ; and he held this office by suc- cessive elections till 1882, when he resigned. Previous to his resignation he was offered by Gov- ernor Long a seat on the bench of the Superior Court, which he declined. In 18S2, under the act of Congress of June 5, that year, re-establish- ing the " Court of Commissioners of Alabama Claims," he was appointed one of the judges of that court. He was for many years a member of the State Board of Commissioners on Inland Fisheries. He has served one term (1886) as a representative in the State Legislature. In 1883 he was appointed by President Arthur one of the \isitors to West Point for that year. In Braintree he has held numerous positions of trust. He is now president of the Board of Trustees of the Thayer Public Library and the Thayer Acad- emy, institutions established through the gener- osity of the late General Sylvanus Thayer, the former endowed by him in 1870, and the latter provided by his will, and having now an invested fund of about $300,000 bequeathed by him to trustees for the establishment of a school free to all citizens of the original town of Braintree, com- prising the present city of Quincy and the towns of Braintree, Randolph, and Holbrook. for the education of their children. Mr. French is a member of the Boston and Norfolk Bar associa- tions and the Harvard Law Association ; also of the University Club of Boston. Mr. P'rench was married in June. 1S55, to Miss Ellen Clizbe, of Amsterdam, N.Y., who died in September of the same year. He married, second, in October, 1858, Miss Sophia B. Palmer, daughter of the late Simeon Palmer, of Boston. She died December 25, i8gi. To this union were born five children : Asa Palmer, Emmelyn L., Saban Hayward (de- ceased), Harriet C, and Mary Sophia Palmer. FRIES, WuLF Chris iiAX Julius, of Boston, musician, is a native of Germany, born in Garbeck- Holstein, January 10, 1825, son of Johann Carl Ludolph and Anna (Stuhr) Fries. His father was a teacher and an amateur musician, and gave him his first instruction on the violoncello when he was so small that he was obliged to stand and play the instrument in the bass fashion. He at- tended his father's school, receiving there his early general education, until he was eleven years old, when he went to Ploen, in Holstein, to receive systematic instruction in music. There he was tried at various instruments, and learned to play acceptably the French horn, the violin, the viola, bass-viol, and the trombone. After several years at Ploen, he went with his brother August, a good violinist, to Bergen, Norway, in 1842, under engagement to a Mr. Schlossbauer, a fine violinist, who furnished the city with music. Not being treated well by their master, they were soon released through process of law, and found places in the onh' theatre in the town. August to play the violin, and W'ulf the 'cello. While here en- MEN OF PROGRESS. 965 gaged, they gave occasional concerts togetiier, ;uul helped musicians coming to Bergen to concertize. In this way they came in contact with such artists as Ole Bull and Kellerman, the famous 'cellist ; and from hearing them W'ulf became decided as to his special instrument, wisely selecting the 'cello. The brothers came to America in 1847 ; and W'ulf chose Boston as his home, where he has ever since lived. He early became famous as a 'cellist, and in course of time did much to raise the standard of orchestration. His first engage- ment in Boston was as 'cellist at the old National Theatre on Portland Street. Soon after he also WULF C. J. FRIES. joined the Germania, playing the trombone, and was an original member of the Germania Serenade Band. In 1S49 his brother, who had remained in New York, joined him in Boston, and formed the .Mendelssohn Quintette Club, composed of August Fries, Gerloff, Eduard Lehmann, Oscar Greiner, and Wulf Fries, which during its long career achieved a great fame through its tours in this country. At about this time Mr. Fries also joined the old Musical Fund Society, an outgrowth of the Boston Academy of Music, which had flour- ished from 1833 to 1847 ; and he became a regu- lar performer in the concerts of the Harvard Musical Association and the Handel and Haydn Society. He lias since appeared in man)- chamber concerts in Boston, and has also taken part in a large number of special concerts. In 1873. after twenty-three j^ears with the Mendels- sohn Quintette Club, becoming tired of travelling, he joined the Beethoven (Quintette Club, then formed for concerts near his home. When Rubinstein came to Boston, in 1873, he was called upon to play trios with him and Wieniawski ; and in later years he has taken part in concerts with Dr. Hans von Biilovv, and with his friend Ernst Perabo he has played all the Beethoven sonatas, trios, etc. In religious faith Mr. Fries is of the Lutheran Church. He was married first in Bos- ton, July 7, 185 1, to Miss Louisa Ann Mary Gann, daughter of James P. and Mary M. G. H. ( Ryder) Gann, of England, and of this union were two children : James Christian Charles and Wulf Fries, Jr. (deceased). His second marriage was near Bergen, Norway, September 16, 1857. to Miss Magdalene Greve, daughter of Johan Fritzner and Henrietta (Neven) Greve, of Norway. The chil- dren by this union are : Louisa Henriette and .Vnna Magdalene Fries. Mr. Fries has resided for many years in the Roxbury District, Boston. GALLOLTPE, Charles William, of fJoston and Swampscott, was born in Beverly, September 5, 1825. son of Isaac and Annis (Allen) Galloupe. He is a direct descendant on both sides of the first settlers of Massachusetts Bay, and in his line of descent the intermarriages have been made al- ways with descendants only of the original Puri- tan immigrants. His earliest paternal ancestor in New England was John Gallop, for whom (iai- lop's Island in Boston Harbor was named, who came from England, with his four children, John, Samuel, Nathaniel, and Joan, in the ship " Mary and John," which reached Natascott (now Hull) on May 30, 1C30. John Gallop descended from John Gallop, who '■ came out of the North in 1465,'' and settled in County Dorset. England, where his descendants still reside upon the estate which has been owned and occupied by the family for more than four centuries. The first marriage which took place in the family after their arrival in America was that of Mr. Galloupe's ancestor, Captain John (Jallop, 2d (who was killed in the Narragansett Swamp fight in 1675), "'^o married Hannah Lake, daughter of Madame Margaret (Reed) Lake, a sister of the wife of Governor 966 MEN OF PROGRESS. John Winthrop, Jr., ;ind a step-daughter of the famous Rev. Hugh Peters, the private chaplain of Oliver Cromwell. John Gallop probably fir.st settled at Natascott on the hill which still bears his name : and, when Winthrop came, he Joined him, and removed to Boston, where he established himself permanently. He built his house upon the " Sea bancke," now North Street (on the map of the " Book of Possessions " num- bered 34); and to the territory e.xtending from the " Creek," now Blackstone Street, to the Chelsea Ferry was given the name of "Gallop's Point." He built and commanded one of the first vessels built here, which in 1632 was chartered by Gov- ernor Winthrop, with Gallop in charge, to " pur- sue and capture the notorious pirate, Di.xey Bull." In 1633 he brought the ship "Griffin" of Ihree hundred tons into the harbor at low water, as Winthrop relates in his " Diary," " a new way by Lovell's Island, now called Griffin's Gap. She brought about two hundred passengers," of which Gallop's wife, it is said, was one. Three years later he had an encounter with the Indians in Narragansett Bay, an interesting account of which was written by Increase Mather in 1677, and which is called in Cooper's " Naval History of the United States" "the first naval battle in Amer- ica." He died in 1649, and his will is among the earliest in the colony on record. Mr. Galloupe's first maternal ancestor in America was William Allen, born in Manchester, England, in 1602, who came over with Roger Conant about 1622, and accompanied Conant to Cape Ann in 1625. In 1626 he was first connected with what is now known as Manchester-by-the-sea. In 1636 fifty acres of land were granted him by the colony ; and in 1640 he, with others, petitioned the " Honorable Court" for "Power to erect a Villiage there," which was granted, and the " Villiage " was named Manchester, probably in commemoration of their home in England. Jacob Allen, the ma- ternal great-grandfather of Mr. Galloupe, was one of the minute-men who marched from Manchester on the day of the battle of Le.xington ; and both his grandfather, Isaac Allen, and his great-grand- father, were in the battle of Bunker Hill, and served in the first army under General Washing- ton. Enos Gallop, his paternal grandfather, en- listed in the army of the Revolution when but seventeen years of age, and served during the war. Both of the grandfathers were granted pensions by Congress. Mr. Galloupe received the usual educational training aftorded boys of his position in his day, beginning at the " mistress school," passing through the district or "master's" school, and taking a course at the academy ; and at the age of fifteen he was regarded as amply equipped for business life. Accordingl)', he then entered the local dry-goods store of Elbridge Fisk, on Cabot Street, Beverly, and began work as a clerk. .After two years' experience in that place, and finding his native town too limited a field for his ambition, he armed himself with letters of recom- mendation from the minister and the selectmen of the town, and set out for Boston. There, ob- C. W. GALLOUPE. taining a situation as a salesman with Carney & Sleeper, then one of the wealthiest and most prominent firms of wholesale clothiers, he so ap- plied himself to the business that he gained the approbation of both partners ; and, after a clerk- ship of slightly more than two years, was, when but twenty years old, upon the retirement of Carney & Sleeper from the business, made an equal partner with Joseph J. Whiting and M. Kehoe, Jr., in the firm which succeeded them, Messrs. Carney and Sleeper forming a special co- partnership of five years, and contributing an ample amount of capital for its successful continu- ation. At the end of the five years, in 185 1, MEN OF PKOGRKSS. 967 when tlie special partnership tenniiiatecl hy limita- tion, a new tirm was formed under tiie name of Whiting, Kehoe. & Galloupe. Up to 1856 tlie house was establislied on Nortii, formerly Ann Street. That year removal was made to a new granite building, completed especially for the firm, on Federal Street, near Milk Street, which had become the centre of the dry-goods jobbing and commission trade; and here a most success- ful business was carried on till another change of locality and larger facilities were deemed neces- sary, when a new granite building, also especially fitted up for the firm by its owners, on Franklin Street was occupied. The partnership formed in 1851 expired in 1859; and, Mr. Kehoe then with- drawing, Joseph \\'. Bliss, Albert T. Whiting, Otis H. Pierce, and James McKenna were admitted, and the firm name became Whiting, Galloupe, Bliss, & Co. Under this organization a prosper- ous business was done with all parts of the coun- try, and also, after the opening of the Civil War, with the United States government, through the supply of the army and navy and the Indian de- partments with clothing by contract. In 1862 Mr. Galloupe and Mr. Joseph J. Whiting in their turn withdrew from the active conduct of affairs, establishing by a special partnership, as Messrs. Carney and Sleeper had done sixteen years be- fore, their former partners as their successors, under the firm name of Bliss, Whiting, Pierce, & McKenna, contributing an abundance of capital for the prosecution of the large business which had de\eloped. After their retirement Mr. Gal- loupe and Mr. Whiting, associating themselves with Charles A. Putnam, cashier of the Washing- ton Bank, established a banking house on State Street, under the firm name of Whiting, (ialloupe, & Putnam, and were soon engaged in a large and successful business. In 1863 the firm was ap- pointed by the United States government one of the agents of the five-twenty loan, and through its extensive connections with the leading banks and bankers in all of the large cities of the country, it attained a prominent and respected position. Mr. Whiting died suddenly in 1864, and, deprived of the companionship of his warm friend and partner of twenty years, Mr. Galloupe found busi- ness no longer attractive; and, continuing a short time under the firm name of Galloupe & Putnam, he retired, establishing in his place his brother-in- law, Edward L. Giddings, who formed a partner- ship with William H. Tower under the firm name of Tower, Giddings, & Co. In his com|)aratively short business career Mr. (ialloupe had been asso- ciated with an unusual number of men who at- tained public prominence; Andrew Carney, the founder of that beneficent institution, the Car- ney Hospital, South Boston, and distinguished throughout his active life for his many charitable contributions ; Jacob Sleeper, the munificent phil- anthropist, whose generous gifts and personal sup- port advanced the quick development of Boston University ; Albert T. Whiting, for a long term chairman of the State Board of Police in Boston ; Alanson W. Beard, ex-collector of the port of Bos- ton, who was for some time in Mr. Galloupe's employ ; as was also Sydney Gushing, ex-alder- man of Boston. During the Civil War, Mr. Galloupe, having offered his services to the gov- ernment in connection with the War Depart- ment, in Boston, after his retirement from the clothing trade, was appointed to take charge of the clothing and equipment contracts ; and in this capacity he served without compensation for more than a year, being honorably retired when there was no longer any occasion for his services, with the thanks of the War Department in writing, through the officer in command in Boston. In May, 1866, accompanied by his family, he sailed for England, and for the next fifteen months trav- elled extensively through Europe. In 1872 he joined the old Trinity parish, then in Summer Street, and in April of that year he was appointed a member of the general building committee cre- ated the previous March, charged with the build- ing of the new Trinity Church on Copley .Square. The entire management was placed by the gen- eral committee in the hands of an executive com- mittee of three, of whom he was one (Charles H. Parker, Robert Treat Paine, Jr., and Charles W. Galloupe), with full powers; and from that time to the completion of the church and its consecra- tion February g, 1877, a period of five years, his time and attention were entirely devoted to this work. He also became a warm and intimate friend of Phillips Brooks, and the closest personal relations existed between them from the time of his connection with the parish to the death of the beloved bishop. In 1880 he sailed again with his family for Europe, and spent a year in \'ienna. Mr. Galloupe was married April 13, 1848, to Miss Sarah Augusta Kittredge, eldest daughter of Dr. Ingalls and Augusta Kittredge, a descendant of Roger Conant. Their living children are : Sarah 968 MEN OF PROGRESS. Kittredge and Wilhelmina. The eldest daughter. Sarah, married March 21, 1866, the Hon. Elhs W. Morton, for some tune assistant United States district attorney, and afterward member of the Legislature, serving in both branches, who died September 24. 1874, leaving one son, Galloupe Morton; in 1892 she married F. F. Hunt of New York, where she now resides. Wilhelmina married in 1S79 Dr. Samuel J. Mixter, of Boston. Mr. Galloupe's winter residence is in Boston, and his summer seat in Swampscott is well known as "Galloupe's Point." GR.WES, Abbott Fuller, of Boston, artist, was born in Weymouth, April 15, 1859, son of James Griswold and Eliza Nichols (Fuller) Graves. GILMAN, EnwiN C, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, was born in Boston, .\ugust 29, 1851, son of Samuel and Jeanette (Rae) Gilman. He was educated in the public schools, and studied law in the offices of Moses Williams and Clement K. Fay. Admitted to the Suffolk bar June 10, 1878, he opened his office in Boston. He was successfully engaged in general practice until 1885, when he became the attorney of the Lamson Consolidated Store Ser\ice Company ; and since EDWIN C. OILMAN. that time he has been devoted almost exclusively to the management of its legal business. Mr. Gilman married Miss Anna B. Hunt, of Salem. ABBOTT ORAVES. On the paternal side he is of an old English family, directly descended from early settlers in New Eng- land, coming from England ; and on the maternal side he is a descendant of Dr. Samuel Fuller, first physician of the Plymouth Colony. His mother was of Hingham. His maternal great-grand- mother, Sally DeCarteret, was born in old North Square, Boston, then the "court end." He was educated in the public schools of his native town, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, graduating from the School of Design. His talent for drawing was displayed in his boy- hood, and he early determined upon art as his profession. After his graduation from the In- stitute he went to Europe, and studied under George Jeannin. the celebrated flower painter, in 1884-85 ; and upon his return he was engaged as an instructor in the Cowles Art School. In 1887 he again went abroad, and spent the follow- ing three years under Ferdinand Cornion. in paint- ing the figure. His progress was rapid and marked, his first medal being awarded him in 1887. He was an exhibitor in the Paris Salon of 1888-89, showing "Poppies and Rose Fields of Perigny," and later was represented in some of MEN OK I'ROGRKSS. 969 the most iidtable Aiiil-i ic;in exhibitions, receiving medals in 1890 and in 1892, two the latter year. He attained distinction first in flower painting, and subsequently broadened his field, including notable figure work. Among his best known paintings are " Rose Fields of Perigny," now in the Marlboro, New York City ; " Flowers of N'enice," in the Southern Hotel, St. Louis; "The Chrysanthemum Show," owned by John Shepard, of Boston ; '• The Silent Partner," owned by Fran- cis Wilson, the comedian; "Making Things Shine," owned by Eugene Tompkins, of the ISos- ton Theatre ; and " Making Friends," owned by A. M. Palmer, of New York. Mr. Graves di- vides his time between Boston and Maine, his winter studio being in the Studio Building in the city, and his summer studio in the old Herrick homestead, a pleasant, old-fashioned house in picturesque Kennebunkport. During the winter season he has classes in both oil and water color, his pupils having a separate studio from his own. In the summer he does much outdoor painting. He is an indefatigable worker, and his work is thorough. He is a member of the Paint and Clay Club, of the Boston Society of Water-color Painters, of the Boston .Art Student's Associ- ation, and of the Kennebunk River Club. He is also connected with the Masonic order, a member of Wyoming Lodge. He was married September 30, 1S86, to Miss Montie Mayo .\ldrich, daughter of Louis Aldrich, the actor. They have a daughter: FLnid Craves, born in Paris, France. he held until 18S3, when he started in business for himself. Becoming associated with A. .\. Blair, he established the printing house of Blair \- Hallett, at No. 85 Water Street, which soon became well known in the comnumity. Karly outgrowing the Water Street quarters, the firm removed to No. 197 Devonshire Street, \wth largely increased facil- ities. In February. 1889, the partnership was dis- solved ; and Mr. Hallett established a new printing- office, fitted with new and impro\ed machinery, at No. 1 1 1 Arch Street. Within a short time these rooms were outgrown, his business steadily in- creasing; and in ( )cli)ber, 1892, removal was made HALLF.rr, Ali!ERI', of Boston, printer, was born in Yarmouthport, August 3, 185 1, son of Calvin and Elizabeth (Lewis) Hallett. He was educated in the public schools of his native place. At the age of fifteen he became an apprentice in the printing-office of the Yarmouth Register, and remained there for about eight years, acquiring a thorough knowledge of the business. Then he came to Boston to enter a broader field. Shortly after he removed to Fall River, where he continued at his trade for about two years. Thence he went to New Bedford, and was there employed for a similar period. Then, returning to Boston, he en- gaged with the Wright & Potter Printing Company, State Printers. Beginning as a compositor on their finest grade of work, he was soon promoted to the foremanship of the job department, which position ALBERT HALLETT. to the present quarters at No. 185 Franklin Street, the plant considerably enlarged, and a commodi- ous, model printing house established for success- ful work in the finest grades and varieties of job printing. Mr. Hallett also owns several patents for reproducing imitation typewriter letters, and holds licenses in most of the large cities in the country. Mr. Hallett is an Odd Fellow, member of the Paul Revere Lodge ; and he is connected with the Excelsior Council of the Royal Arcanum. In politics he is a Republican. He was married in Fall River, March i, 1877, to Miss Mary How- land Wady. They have one son : Waldo D. Hallett. 970 MEN OF PKOGKKSS. HAMLIN, Charles Sumner, of P.oston. As- sistant Secretary of the United States Treasury in the second administration of President Cleveland, was born in Boston, August 30, 1861, son of Edward Sumner and Anna Gertrude Hamlin. He is a direct descendant of Major Eleazer Hamlin, of Westford, Mass., who led a regiment in the Revolutionary War, and is a cousin of the late Hannibal Hamlin, Vice-President of the United States under the administration of President Abraham Lincoln. He was fitted for college at the Roxbury Latin School, Roxbury District, Boston ; graduated from Harvard in the class of ^4iijw > C. S. HAMLIN, 1S83, and from the Harvard Law School in 1886, with the degree of LL.B. and A.M. Admitted to the Suffolk bar that year, he at once engaged in the active practice of his profession in Boston. Subsequently he formed a partnership with Marcus Morton, grandson of Judge, afterward Governor Morton, and son of Chief Justice Morton of the Massachusetts Supreme Court, under the firm name of Morton & Hamlin. Mr. Hamlin became an early student of economic questions, especially devoting himself to the sub- ject of the tariff; and in the national campaign of 1888 he was a frequent contributor to the press and a speaker on the stump in behalf of tariff reform, displaying a happy faculty in presenting his arguments in a clear and attractive fashion. In subsequent campaigns his work covered a more extended field, and he was recognized as one of the foremost of the younger leaders of the Democratic party of Massachusetts. In 1892 his name was placed on the Democratic State ticket as candidate for secretary of state, the convention nominating him by acclamation. During the years 189 1 and 1892 he served on the Massachusetts Democratic State Committee as chairman of the finance committee. He is a member of the New England Free Trade League, of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, of the Massa- chusetts Reform Club, of the Civil Service League, and of the New York Reform Club. His appoint- ment to the Assistant Secretaryship of the Treas- ury was from President Cleveland, in April, 1893. He has general charge of the United States Custom Service, the Revenue Cutter Service, the United States Special Agents, the Light-house Board, the United States Secret Service, and the general system of accounting in the United States Treasury. HIGGINSON, Thomas Wentvvorth, of Cam- bridge, author, essayist, speaker, reformer, was born in Cambridge, December 22, 1823, son of Stephen and Louisa (Storrow) Higginson. He is in the seventh generation from the Rev. Francis Higginson, one of the earliest settlers at Salem, coming from England in 1629, "teacher" of the First Church in Salem, 1629-30. and author of " New England's Plantations." His paternal grandfather, Stephen Higginson, born in Salem, was a merchant, for ten years immediately before the Revolution a successful shipmaster, a delegate to the Continental Congress, and navy agent at Boston from 1797 to 1801, and the reputed author of the '• Laco " political letters. His father, Stephen, 2d, was also a merchant, and a noted philanthropist in Boston, and from 181S to 1834 held the position of steward, or bursar, of Harvard College. His mother was the daughter of Cap- tain Thomas Storrow, a British ofificer, and Anne Appleton, of Portsmouth, N.H. Thomas Went- worth was educated in Cambridge, at the prepara- tory school of William Wells, where James Russell Lowell and William W. Story were among his schoolmates, and at Harvard, where he was graduated with honors in 1841, before the age of eighteen, the voungest in his class and the second JVIKN OK rkOCKESS. 971 ill rank. I'he next six yeais were spent in teaching and in further study. He had been expected to foHow the law as a profession ; but instead of that he spent two years as resident graduate at Har- vard and two years at the Harvard Divinity School, graduating in 1847. He was shortly after ordained as pastor of the First Religious Society, Unitarian, of Newburyport, and was settled there for about two years and a half, when he was obliged to leave the church on account of his pronounced anti-slavery views, which he never hesitated boldly to express whenever occasion offered. The same year, 1850, he was nominated as a Free Soil candidate for Congress. In 1852 he became the first pastor of the Free Church in Worcester, a wholly non-sectarian and reformatory organization, and was settled there until 1858, when he retired from the ministry to devote him- self exclusively to literary pursuits. During the entire period covered by his career as a preacher he was among the most active in the anti-slavery movement. He was the head of a company of self-enlisted men who organized to protect \\'en- dell Phillips from the attack of mobs. He took a conspicuous part in the attempted rescue of the fugitive slave, Anthony Ikirns, in 1S54, and, a constable being killed in the riot which ensued about the old County Court House, Court Scjuare, was, with Wendell Phillips, Theodore Parker, and others, indicted for murder ; but, through the able defence of John A. Andrew, John P. Hale, and others of defendants' counsel, the indictments were quashed. Later he was active in the strife in Kansas ; was appointed brigadier-general on the staff of James H. Lane in the Free State forces, was a friend of John Brown, organized an expedition into Virginia to rescue some of John Brown's companions, which was unsuccessful, and performed other aggressive acts. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was active in recruiting com- panies for the service; and in September, 1862, he became captain of Company B of the Fifty-first Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. A fortnight later, on November 10, he was commissioned colonel of the First South Carolina Volunteers, subsequently renamed the Thirty-third United States Colored Troops, which was the first regi- ment of freed slaves mustered into the United States service. The regiment captured Jackson- ville, Fla., in 1863, and performed other gallant deeds ; but Colonel Higginson, being severely wounded in a skirmish at Wiltown Blufif, S.C., in .\ugust, 1863, was obliged in October, the follow- ing year, to resign its command on account of disability. Upon his retirement from the army Colonel Higginson settled in Newport, R.L, and engaged in literary work. He resided there twelve years, during that period producing a num- ber of his most notable books, chief among them " Malbone : An Oldport Romance,'' published in 1869: ■' Army Life in a Black Regiment '" (trans- lated into French by Mme. de Gasparin), in 1870 : " Oldport Days " (1873) ; and " Young Folks' His- tory of the United States" (1875), the latter hav- ing an extraordinary circulation, which continues T. W. HIGGINSON. to this clay, and being subsequently translated into French, Cerman, and Italian. He removed from Newport in 1878 to Cambridge, where he has since lived. Soon after taking up his resi- dence in Cambridge, he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and returned for a second term, served through the sessions of 1880 and 1 88 1, at the same time holding the first place on the staff of Governor Long. In the House he took an active part in debate, and served as chair- man on the committees on education, on expedit- ing the business of the house, and on constitu- tional amendments, .\fter his legislative service he was for two years, 1881-83, a member of the 972 MEN OF PROGRESS. State Hoard of Education. Althouj^h alwaj's in- dependent in politics, he affiliated witli tiie Repul> lican party until 18S4, when, upon the nomination of Blaine by the Republicans and of Cleveland by the Democrats, he parted company with his old political associates, and gave his hearty sup- port to Cleveland. In 1888 he was the Demo- cratic candidate indorsed by Independents for Congress in his district ; but, after a brilliant and spirited canvass, he was defeated, the district being strongly Republican, though he ran ahead of his ticket. He has been a hearty and constant supporter of civil service reform from the begin- ning of the movement, an earnest advocate of woman suffrage, and a helper in all movements for the higher education and advancement of woman. As a literary worker. Colonel Higginson has long held first rank. His first essays were published in the earliest volumes of the Atlantic Mtvithly, during the editorship of Lowell, the most striking of which was on " Saints and their Bodies," treating in a fresh and captivating style the subject of physical developments and its re- lation to moral and intellectual health. A few- years before, in 1853, he had published his first volume, a compilation with Samuel Longfellow, of poetry for the seaside. His list of publications, besides those already mentioned, include " Atlantic Essays" (1871), "The Sympathy of Religions" (1872), " Voung Folks' Book of American Explor- ers " (1877), " Short Studies of American Authors " (1879), "Common Sense about Women" (trans- lated into German) (1881), "Life of Margaret Fuller Ossoli " (1884), " Larger History of the United States" (1885), "The Monarch of Dreams" (translated into French and German) (1886), "Hints on Writing and Speech-making" (1887), "Women and Men," a volume of essays contributed to Harper s Bazar (1888), " Travellers and Outlaws" (1888), "The Afternoon Land- scape," a volume of poems (i88g), "Life of Francis Higginson " (i8gi), "The New \\'orld and the New Book" (1892), ■•Concerning All of Li's" (1892). He has also translated the "Com- plete \^'orks of Epictetus " (1865), reprinted in two volumes (1892), and edited the " Har\ard Memorial Biographies," two volumes published in 1866, " Brief Biographies of European Statesmen," in four volumes (1875-77), ^"<^ the history of Massachusetts Regiments in the Civil War, for the State. He has frequently appeared upon the lecture platform, and is one of the most popular of public speakers. As an orator, he is specially effective. He belongs to many literary and other societies, is president of the American Free Re- ligious Association, of the Round Table Club of Boston, and has been president of the Harvard Phi Beta Kappa Society, and also of the Associated Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa. Colonel Higginson was first married in 1857 to Mary Elizabeth, a niece of William Ellery Channing. She was for many years an invalid, and died in Newport in 1877. He married second, in 1879, Mary Potter Thacher, daughter of Peter Thacher, Esq., and niece of the first wife of the poet Longfellow, with whom he published in 1 893 a volume of poems, entitled " Such as They Are." They have one daughter : Margaret Waldo. HUDSON, John Elbridge, of Boston, presi- dent of the American Bell Telephone Company, was born in Lynn. August 3, 1839, son of John and Elizabeth C. (Hilliard) Hudson. He is a de- scendant on the paternal side of Thomas Hudson (of the family of Henry Hudson, the navigator), who came from England about 1630, and settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony ; and on the maternal side is from early New England families. His maternal great-grandfather was the Rev. Samuel Hilliard, a pioneer in Universalism, and a soldier of the Revolution, serving at Bunker Hill and at the battle of Bennington ; and his mother's maternal grandparents were the Rev. Dr. Hall, Orthodox minister of the town of Sutton for si.xty years, and Elizabeth (Prescott) Hall, daughter of Dr. John and Rebecca (Bulkley) Prescott, of Concord. His early education was acquired in the Lynn public schools, and he fitted himself for college. Entering Harvard, he was graduated in the class of 1862, valedictorian, siiDtina ciiin latulc. As a student, he was especially proficient in Greek, the best Greek scholar in his class ; and before he received his degree lie was appointed to a (Jreek tutorship in the college upon the recommendation of Professor William W. Goodwin. He held this tutorship for three years, and with such success that he was urged to continue and follow the profession of a classical scholar. But he was drawn more directly to the law, and accordingly entered the Harvard Law School. His studies there finished with his grad- uation in 1865, he further read in the Boston law office of Chandler, Shattuck, & Thaver, and on MEN OF PROGRESS. 973 October 25. 1866. was duly lulmitted to tlic Suffolk bar. He continued with ('handler, Slial- tuck, & Thayer, acting as clerk of the firm and as an assistant in its legal work, largely devoted to corporation matters, till February, 1870, when, upon the withdrawal of Mr. Shattuck, he was ad- mitted to partnership, the firm name becoming Chandler, Thayer, & Hudson. Four years later the name was changed to Chandler, ^^^are, <.S: Hud- son, Mr. Thayer withdrawing, having been made Royall Professor of the Harvard Law School, and Darwin F". Ware taking his place ; and it so re- mained till 1878, when the firm was dissolved. JOHN E. HUDSON. Thereafter Mr. Hudson continued in general practice alone till 1880, when he became general counsel of the .\merican ISell Telephone Com- pany, that year formed, and devoted himself ex- clusively to its interests. In the early stages of the development of the company he displayed exceptional administrative ability, and his advice was much relied on by the executive department. In 1885 he was appointed general manager of the company; in 1887 he was elected vice-presi- dent, while still holding the positions of manager and general counsel ; the same year was made president of the .\merican Telephone and Tele- graph Company for long distance service ; and in 18S9 he was elected president of the .Vmeriean ]iell, from which time he has been at the head of its immense business. During his direction of affairs as manager and president, the operations of the company have been increased from about two hundred and fifty million exchange connec- tions in 1885 toward seven hundred million in 1895 ; and a notable triumph has been achieved in the development and perfection of the long- distance service, now extended to the great com- mercial centres of the country. The first "long line " was built from New York to Philadelphia, and was immediately extended from New York to Boston. The system was rapidly developed until a line between New York and Chicago was opened for business in October, 1893, the line being continued in the following winter to Boston, where it was formally opened on the 7th of F'ebru- ary, when Governor Russell talked from the Bos- ton office with officials in the Chicago office, over wires extending above twelve hundred miles. I'^uther extensions in various directions immedi- ately followed : and in the report of the directors in 1S94 it was announced that it was then possi- ble to talk from the Boston office north and east to Augusta, Me., north to Concord, N.H., and to Buffalo, N.Y., west to Chicago, and south to Washington, over a territory embracing more than one-half of the population of the United States. Mr. Hudson has contributed somewhat to the law reviews: and in 1879 he edited, jointly with George Fred Williams, the tenth volume of the United States Digest. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Antiquarian Society, British Association for the Advancement of Science, New England Historic and Genealogical Society, Colonial Soci- ety of Massachusetts, Bostonian Society, Ameri- can Institute of Electrical Engineers, Selden Soci- ety, the Bar Association of the City of Boston, the Virginia Historical Society, and also of the Boston Art, the St. Botolph, and the University clubs. He was married August 21, 187 i, to Miss Eunice W. Healey, daughter of Wells and Eliza- beth (Pickering) Healey. of Hampton Falls, N.H. IH MPHREY, William Fr.\nlis, of Boston, was born in Dorchester, July 28, 1839, son of Micah and Celia (Marsh) Humphrey. His father, a native of Cohasset, was a ship-master, sailing out of lioston. and traced his descent to fohn 974 MEN OF PROGRESS. Humphrey, a deputy governor of Massachusetts Bay Company, and Susan, his wife, the daughter of the Earl of Lincohi. His mother belonged to the Marshs of Hingham. A happy childhood was spent in the old Humphrey mansion at L)or- chester, and he was educated in the Dorchester public schools. His preparation for college was terminated by the financial crisis of 1857, when he entered business life in the employment of the Boston & Sandwich Glass Compan);. After six- months, his health failing, he made a winter voyage on one of his father's ships to the West Indies : and, returning the following spring. W. F. HUMPHREY. he entered the office of A. A. Fraser .S: Co. on State Street. After a few months a return of ill- health necessitated another voyage to the West Indies. Thriving at sea, he determined to follow it as an occupation. Rising rapidly in rank, he became captain of the ship "Dolphin" in 1861. One of his earhest voyages was to Christinestadt, in Northern Russia, with the first cargo of cotton that ever entered that port. After making several voyages to Europe and South America, Captain Humphrey purchased in 1865 an interest in the ship " Horatio Harris " (then building in Med- ford), in connection with James Sturgis and James (). Curtis, the builder; and on her completion he took command, sailing first to San Francisco, and thence to Bolivia for a cargo of guano, which he discharged in Edinburgh, from whicii latter port he returned home with restored health, and retired from the seas. His ne.xt venture was in manufacturing, in Lewiston, Me., in which he continued for about two years. In 1872 he re- turned to Boston, and engaged in the shipping business as partner of Samuel \\'eltch, under the firm name of Weltch, Humphrey, & Co., which he followed successfully until 1887, when he became treasurer of the Boston Tow-boat Company, the position he now holds. He is a director of the Philadelphia Steamship Company and of the Boston & Bangor Steamship Company. He is a member of the Boston Marine Society (which was chartered in 1742), and served as its president for several years. While in Edinburgh, he became a Freemason, and was entered under the .Scottish rites. In politics he has occupied the independent position of voting for the best man and purest government, regardless of party preju- dice. Mr. Humphrey was married in 1868 to Mary Lilley Campbell, daughter of Benjamin F. Campbell, who died in 1888, leaving two children, Celia Campbell (born 1872) and Campbell Humph- rey (born in 1879). In October, 1892, he married Ellen Lizette Fowler, widow of M. Field Fowler, and daughter of John Gilbert, who traces her de- scent back to Sir Humphrey Gilbert, the past, sin- gularly enough, combining the two family names. Mr. Humphrey has been a resident of Brookline for the last fifteen years, and is much interested in the growth and development of that beautiful suburb. HUNT, Henry W.\rren, of Dorchester (Bos- ton I, real estate operator, is a native of Dorchester, born December 23, 1844, son of Charles and Lou- isa Minot (Wilson) Hunt. He is of the early New England Minot and Billings families, and lives on an estate that has been in his family since 1631. ,\ncestors of his were in every war that has been fought since the early settlement of the country ; and among numerous interesting histor- ical treasures which he possesses are the weapons and other articles used by those of his family who were in the Revolution, with the continental money with which they were paid for their ser- vice. His father was a man of prominence in Dor- chester town affairs, serving at different times as selectman, postmaster, engineer of the fire depart- MEN OF PROGRESS. 975 ment, and in other local offices. Henry A\'. was educated in the 1 )orchester schools, graduatinj; about the year 1859. Subsequently, desiring to enter the na\y, he studied at the Nautical School in Boston, and graduated in 1862, at the head of his class. When the Civil War broke out, he was too young for a commission, although success- fully passing examination ; and, accordingly, he volunteered, and served on land and sea. He participated in a number of spirited naval and land operations, and on one occasion received honorary mention from General Foster for daring work in helping to pick up torpedoes. He also received a complimentary letter from Admiral Flusser. Meanwhile his father had established stores in \arious parts of the interior of the South ; and after the close of the war he went there to manage a number of these enterprises, penetrating into some of the roughest sections of the Southern country, then in an unsettled and turbulent condition. After remaining South about twT) years, he returned to Massachusetts, and became interested in large business enterprises in company with prominent men of affairs, among them General JJenjamin F. lUitler, in which he was engaged for the next twenty years. In 1875-76, when plans were forming for the Cen- tennial Exhibition at Philadelphia, he was selected by the Massachusetts State Commissioners to ar- range an e.xhibit representing the great marine in- terests of the State, — a task for which he was ex- ceptionally qualified, having an intimate acquaint- ance with their \arious features. As a result of his efforts, a most notable and unic|ue collection was brought together, including models of the ocean and river craft used for purposes of com- merce, the fisheries, war, and pleasure, from the settlement of the colonies to modern times, — models of a single scull skiff to a ship of the line, of merchant vessels of a century ago and the swift clipper ships of the forties and fifties, of historic war -ships, the old-style frigates, the "Constitution," the "Ohio,'' with an Ericsson monitor and the " Kearsarge," of whaling ships and ancient and modern fishing vessels, of the first American steamer that ever weathered the passage of Cape Horn, of apparatus for life-sav- ing, of a great variety of beautiful yachts, — the whole constituting the most complete and exten- sive marine exhibit ever made at an international exhibition. Captain Hunt had charge of the ex- hibit at Philadelphia : and he also took a leading part in the arrangement for the international re- gatta, introducing among other striking features a whale-boat race between crews composed of vet- eran New liedford whalers, \^■hile in Philadelphia, he became especially acquainted with the Russian and Brazilian commissioners ; and at the close of the exhibition, during which he made himself use- ful to them in various ways, he accompanied the Russians on a tour through the principal cities of the country. Suljsequently the Emperor r)om Pedro offered him a position in the Brazilian navy, and shortly after he received a similar offer from the Russian government. Accepting the lat- HENRY W. HUNT. ter, he went to Russia toward the close of 1876; and in recognition of the civilities he had shown the Russian commissioners in America, and ser- vices rendered by him, was decorated there by the czar with a gold medal representing the order of Saint Stanislaus. He remained in Russia several months, travelling extensively in the country, and then returned to the United States in May, 1878, as one of two special agents of the Russian gov- ernment accredited with powers to assist in exam- ining and selecting fast-sailing steam-craft to be fitted as cruisers for the Russian service, in antici- pation of war with England, at that time believed to be imminent. Their advent and proceedings 976 MEN OF PROGRESS. made a great commotion in American newspaper offices, and were the occasion of many sensational reports. Captain Hunt's interest in marine mat- ters lias been constant ; and this has been notably displayed in his work in behalf of the National Museum at Washington, toward the upbuilding of which he has been a valued contributor. Among other letters on the subject he has received the following from Professor Spencer Baird of the Smithsonian Institution : — United States National Museum, Washington, January 22, 1885. Captain H. W. HuNr, Neponset, Mass.: Sir, — I desire to call your attention to the extent and importance of the section of naval arcliitecture in the United States National Museum. In this department there has already been arranged a large collection of builders' models and rigged models of American and foreign vessels, especially of those used in the fisheries of the world. At the time of the Centennial Exhibition I was much inter- ested in the collection gathered and displayed under your direction in the Massachusetts section. I should be very glad to have your co-operation in our efforts to bring to- gether a complete and e.xhaustive display of materials relat- ing to this department, whether obtained in the United States or in foreign countries. Whatever you may secure for us will be fully credited to your agency on the records of the United States National Museum. Very respectfully yours, S. F. Bairii, Director Unitcii States A'atioital Muscutn. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, July 20, 18S2. Dear Sir, — Being aware of your experience and interest in all matters connected with nautical affairs, and especially with the subject of the ocean fi.sheries, I beg that during your forthcoming visit to pAirope you will continue to render, as in the past, your valued services to the National Museum by securing such objects for display therein as you may collect from time to time. The specimens already contributed by you are of very great importance, and will occupy a conspicuous place in the National Museum. .Vny models of boats, vessels, apparatus illustrative of improve- ments in the operations of the fisheries, devices for capt- uring and utilizing the fish, etc., — in short, all models whose subjects bear in the smallest degree upon the fishery in- dustry "ill be very highly valued. Very respectfully yours, Si'ENCKR Baird, Captain H. W. lluN'r, United States Fish Commissioner. Neponset, Mass, In 1885, when again abroad, he bore a letter from William E. Chandler, then Secretary of the Navy, under date of February g, as follows : — Captain Henry W. Hint: Sir, — During your proposed visit to Europe this Depart- ment will be glad to receive from you any information which you may obtain concerning ships, and all articles connected with their construction and use, also to receive your observations thereon. At the time of the Centennial Ivxhibition in Philadelphia, in 1876, your nautical exhibit in the Massachusetts section was highly commended; and further researches and efforts of yours in the same direction cannot fail to be of value. Wishing you all possible suc- cess in your mission, I am. Very respectfully, WlI.I.lAM E. ( IIANIII.EK, Secretary of tlie Xa-'V. In later years Captain Hunt has been engaged in large real estate operations. During the period between iSgo and 1S95 his conveyances included nearly a hundred valuable pieces of property in Norfolk County alone. These were mainly to large investors and holders of trust funds. In 1895, having acquired the interests of various owners of a tract of land in Squantum, with a deep water front of two and a half miles and an area of over seven hundred and seventy acres, he carried through a deal with the New York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad Company by which this tract becomes a freight terminal for the svs- tem. The same year he began the development of Harbor Bluffs, Hyannis, one of the largest and most beautiful tracts of shore property on the south shore of Cape Cod. Captain Hunt is an experienced yachtsman, having been familiar with yachts from boyhood, and has long been promi- nently connected with local yacht clubs. He now owns the fast schooner yacht '■ Breeze." He is a member of the Massachusetts Yacht Club, vice- president of the Hyannis Yacht Club, member of the Forty-fourth Massachusetts Regiment Associa- tion, of the Quincy Historical Society, of the Barn- stable County Agricultural Society, and of the Minot Club. In politics he is a Democrat. He is unmarried. HYDE, William Andrew, of Boston and \\'oburn, first assistant appraiser of the port of Boston, was born in Boston, August 6, 1857, son of James and Hannah (Manning) Hyde. His father's ancestors were of Hertford, England, and in the time of Cromwell went to Baltimore, Ire- land, to escape persecution, later coming to this country with Lord Baltimore, His mother's went from London to Baltimore, Ireland, for the same reason, with the Cardigans ; and the two families intermarried there. Both families were devout Catholics, and their descendants have always held fast to that faith. j\lr. Hyde was educated in the Boston public schools and at Columbia St. MEN OF I'ROGRESS. 977 Mary's, gr his tastes began in la* adiKUing in 1878. Although a student. JENNEV, Wii.i.iam '1-iiatciikr. of Hoston, mer- ed him to a mercantile career. He chant, was born in Boston, September 15, 1867, the dry-goods commission business son of Francis H. and Martha C. (Thatcher) Jenney. He is descended from early settlers in New England. His great-grandfather was com- mander of several vessels at different times during the Revolution ; and his grandfather and father were merchants closely identified in their day with the business interests of Boston. He was edu- cated in Hoston private schools, by tutors, and at boarding-school. Leaving school at the age of seventeen, he travelled round the world, spending *|^ Jl' a year through the South Sea Islands, Southern jSI^^^ Asia, and .Australia. Upon his return, at the age "^^^ of twenty, he entered the employ of C. M. Clapp & Co., rubber goods, and remained there until June, 1892, when he started in business for him- self as a partner in the Enterprise Rubber Com- pany. Beginning in a small way. on Essex Street, by good management his business steadily in- creased ; and he now has large warehouses on Congress Street and a branch house in New York City. Mr. Jenney is an ardent Democrat in poli- tics, and is active in party management, being a WM. A, HYDE. with I'arker, Wilder. 1!^ Co., where he remained for some time. .Subsequently he engaged in electrical enterprises, and in 1890-91 was con- nected with the Boston Electric Light Company. On July 7, 1894, he was made superintendent of LTnited States Bonded Warehouses in Boston, and on February 15, 1895, was appointed by President Cleveland to his present position of first assistant appraiser of the port of Boston. Mr. Hyde is a Democrat in national and State politics, and has been secretary of the executive committee of the \"oang Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, having previously held the posi- tion of e.xecutive clerk of the committee (1892- 93). He is president of the Young Men's Auxili- ary, Archdiocese of Boston, a member of the Catholic I'nion of 15oston, of the American His- torical Society, the Charitable Irish Society of Boston, and secretary of Baldwin Council, Royal Arcanum. He is not a club or society man, but spends his leisure time in his libi'ary with his books. He is a regular writer for several of the leading Catholic newspapers and magazines. He resides in Woburn. .Mr. Hyde is unmarried. WM. T. JENNEY. member of the executive committee of the State Democratic Committee, to which organization he has been three times elected ; and also a member 978 MEN OF PROGRESS. of the executive committee of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts. He is a member of the Algonquin, Exchange, and several dining clubs of Boston, and the Reform Club of New York. He was married, June 23, 1892, to Miss Marv G. Tufts, of Medford. JORDAN, Eben Dyer, of Boston, merchant, founder of the great dry-goods house of Jordan, Marsh, &; Co.. was born in Danville, Cumberland County, Me., October 13, 1822: died in Boston, November 15, 1895. His father was Benjamin Jordan, also a native of Danville, born in 1788, a farmer, and his mother Lydia (Wright) Jordan, both of sturdy New England stock. He was in the seventh generation from the Rev. Robert Jor- dan, who came from England to this country about the year 1640, and for a long period held a leading position among the settlers in the region adjacent to Cape Elizabeth, having been, as the early history of the district now Maine shows, a man able successfully to conduct large enterprises and to administer important trusts in a new com- munity. Eben D. was one of a large family of children early left fatherless ; and, his mother being unable to maintain them all on the pittance left by his father, the lad was placed with a neighbor- ing farmer's family. There he lived, working in- dustriously on the farm, and attending the dis- trict school through the brief summer and winter terms, till he had nearly reached the age of four- teen, when he resolved to leave the country for the broader field of the city. Starting with his small savings in his pocket, he made his way to Portland, and thence reached Boston by boat with few possessions and little cash, but with sound health, strong muscles, good habits, ambition, and a de- termination to get on. He was willing to turn his hand to anything that he could do : and the first opportunity offering being work on a farm at Mt. Pleasant, Roxbury, he promptly embraced it, con- fident that a more promising opening would ap- pear in time. He remained on the Roxbury farm, receiving as wages four dollars a month and board, nearly two years ; and then the chance for which he had been looking came in a place in a dry- goods store in Boston on Hanover Street, at that time kept by William P. Tenney & Co. After two 5'ears' experience there, getting a fair knowl- edge of the small retail business, he went into another store in the same line of trade, kept by a Mr, Pratt, on a salary of two hundred and seventy- five dollars a year. At the age of nineteen his energy, assiduity, and quick business sense at- tracted the attention of Joshua Stetson, then a leading Boston dry-goods merchant ; and through the latter's aid he was enabled to engage in business on his own account in a little store on the corner of Hanover and Mechanic Streets. His rent here was at the rate of two hundred dollars a year, and the first year his receipts reached >8,ooo. ,\t that time, before the advent of the railroad, steamers from Maine and the Provinces arrived earlv in the morning; and, in EBEN D. JORDAN, order to capture the trade of their passengers, the young merchant had his store open at four o'clock, and did a thriving business before breakfast. He was enterprising also in other ways, and the store became soon one of the most popular on the street. .\.t the end of two years he repaid Mr. Stetson, and at the end of four years he had increased his annual sales from S8,ooo the first year to 5ioo,ooo. When he reached the age of twenty-five, being desirous of obtaining a practical knowledge of methods of buying goods in larger markets, and of the broader lines of trade, he sold out his store, and took a position in the widely known and suc- cessful house of James M. Beebe & Co. Bv hard MEN OF PROGRESS. 979 work, application, and diligent study, lie acquired within two years' time a thorough familiarity with the principles of the dry-goods business on a large scale, and of the system which Mr. Beebe had been for a quarter of a century perfecting ; and, thus equipped, he at once entered upon a new career as a Boston merchant. In 185 i he formed a partnership with Benjamin L. Marsh, under the firm name of Jordan, Marsh, & Co., and began the upbuilding of the great establishment through which his name has for many years been widely known. The new house began business in a store on Milk Street, near Pearl Street, as whole- sale dry-goods jobbers, with a reputation for ability, energy, and integrity; and it was not long before it had built up a permanent and profitable trade. Mr. Jordan introduced the cash system into the jobbing business, instituted other reforms, and improved the methods of trade for the benefit of customers. In ordt-r to meet the competition of the importers in the trade who had large credit abroad, he also early went to Europe, and personally established correspondents in Eng- land and elsewhere, and obtained all the credit desired. The house steadily progressed and in- creased its resources, within a few years enlarging its salesrooms and manufacturing departments, and, through its spirit of enterprise constantly maintained, increased its profits and strength- ened its name. In 1857, the "panic year," which the firm successfully weathered, it was established on I'earl Street; and in 186 1 it bought the retail store on Washington Street, at the corner of Avon .Street, then occupying the ground floor of the building, extending to Central Court (now built over in the extension of the es- tablishment), and added the retail to the whole- sale business: in 1863 it moved its wholesale department to the Washington Street building, which it entireK' occupied ; in subsequent vears additional c|uarters were taken ; and in 1884 thirteen thousand feet of store space was added to its already great retail establishment, making it the largest dry-goods store in this country, and one of the three largest in the world. During his entire career as a Boston merchant Mr. Jordan was one of the most public-spirited of citizens, ready to lead and advance every movement which commended itself to his judgment for the welfare of the city. In the Civil War period he was among the foremost in promoting patriotism and in furnishing substantial aid l<> the gtncrnment. When the first call for troops came, he informed his employees that the firm would pay the cost of outfits of all who should enlist, continue iheir salaries during their terms of enlistment, and re- tain their situations for them ; and forty-five men enlisted under the.se terms. He also took a deep interest in the work of the Sanitary Commission, and contributed liberally to its funds. At the time of the Chicago fire of 1872 he was a member of the Boston relief committee, and had an active part in despatching the relief trains : and after the great Boston fire of the same year he made a liberal contribution of $10,000 for the aid espe- cially of the injured firemen. He was a generous patron and supporter of the Great Peace Jubilees of 1869 and 1872, and was a ready contributor to numerous other public undertakings. During the latter part of his life he was an extensive traveller, and made frequent trips across the Atlantic. In the conduct of his immense business he was alert and thorough to the close of his life. He did much for the comfort and well-being of his upward of three thousand employees, and kindly relations always existed between them. In 1886 he established a free evening school for the benefit of such of his employees as chose to avail themselves of this privilege to broaden their edu- cation; and two years before he invited twenty- five of them to accompany him on a seven weeks trip to England and France, meeting the entire expense himself. In politics he was a Democrat ; but he was not an active party man, and stead- fastly refused to take public place. Mr. Jordan was married in Boston, January 13, 1847, to Miss Julia M. Clark, daughter of James Clark, of Bos- ton. They had five children : Walter (deceased), lames Clark, Julia Maria (now Mrs. Duniaresq), Eben Dyer, Jr. (the present head of the house of Jordan, Marsh, & Co.), and Alice Jordan (now Mrs. .\rthur X. Foster, residing in England). KELLY, GiioRCK Rked, of Boston, merchant, was born in Haverhill, June 30. 1859, son of Ezra and Samantha ( Reed) Kelly. He is of English ancestry, and descends on both sides from early settlers in New England. On the pa- ternal side he is a lineal descendant of John Kel- leigh, as the name was first spelled, who came from Newbury, England, in 1635, and settled in the new Newburv of Massachusetts, and whose descendants long lived there, later generations gSo MEN OF PROGRESS. becoming identified with Haverhill. On the ma- ternal side lie traces back to Brianus de Rede, in the year 1139, of Morpeth on Weneback Rixer, Kent, England, whose son William was Bishop of Chichester. And among later ancestors were John Reed, maj-or of Norwich in 1388; \\'illiam Reed, professor of divinity ; Bartholomew Reed, mayor of London in 1502; Robert Lord, chief justice of the King's Bench. His first ancestor on the maternal side m \ew England was Edras Reed, settled in Boston, who was granted land in Mudd}- Ri\er, now Brookline, in 1635, and in 1655 moved to Chelmsford, which was the home CEO. R. KELLY. of three generations of his descendants. Colonel William Reed, fourth from Edras, owned Reed's Eerry at Litchfield, N.H., when that was a fron- tier town. The maternal great-great-grandfather of Mr, Kelly's mother was John Wallace, of Scotch descent, who came from Colivane, County of Antrim, north of Ireland, in 17 19 to London- derry, N.H., and there married in 1721 Annis Barnet, they being the first couple married in Londonderry ; and her maternal grandfather, Judge James Wallace, was enrolled in the Revo- lutionary War at the age of seventeen, George R. Kelly received his earliest education in a pri- vate school kept by Miss Mehitable Damon, of Haverhill, well known in its day, and thence en- tered the public High .School, Later he spent a year at the Vermont Episcopal Listitute, a son of Bishop Hopkins of Vermont being liead mas- ter, and then returned to the Ha\erhill High .School, where he completed his preparation for college. .\t the age of seventeen he entered Harvard, and was graduated in 1880, taking his degree of .\.B. ci/iii laidlc June 30, his twenty-first birthday. After leaving college, he returned to Haverhill, and engaged in the manufacture of shoes until 18S3, when he came to Boston, and took the position of private secretary to the Hon. Robert Treat Paine. He continued in that ca- pacity through the year in which 'bXw Paine served in the Legislature, and then in December, 1885, bought an equal interest in the firm of Wise, Rowan, & Co., importers of window glass, the firm name being changed to Wise, Rowan, & Kelly. On the finst of January, 1887, Mr. Wise retired, and the business was continued by the remaining partners till December, 1889, when Mr. Rowan retired, and Mr. Kellv took the busi- ness alone; and he has continued it since with- out a partner, under the firm name of George R. Kelly &: Co. He is the pioneer in handling .American window glass to any large extent in the New England States. In November, 1892, he arranged for the exclusive sale in New England of the product of the Chambers Glass Company of New Kensington, Penna., the largest and most modern factory of its kind in the world ; and since that time, up to whicii the foreign product had almost a monopolv of this market, tlie domes- tic article has been steadily pushing out the for- eign. While his importations of window glass from Belgium are still large, the amount is grad- uallv lessening each year : and other importers, both in Boston and New York, are now obliged to buy and sell the .\nierican product. Mr. Kelly's business life has absorbed nearly all his time : and with the exception of such minor of- fices as member of the School Committee of Ha- verhill in 1882, and delegate to the Democratic gubernatorial con\'entions in 1892 and 1893, he has held no public place. He is a member of the Eree Trade League, of the Young Men's Demo- cratic Club of Massachusetts, of the University Club, of the Essex County Club, Manchester, and of the Pi Eta Society of Harvard College, of which he was secretarv when in college. He was married January 19, 1882, to Miss Lillian Bassett Ricker, MKN OF PROGRESS. 98 I eldest daughter of ISenjaniin and ('ardline ( Metchen Ricker, of HriglUon. KNEISEL, Franz, of Boston, violinist, concert- master of the S3'mphony Orchestra, and leader of the Kneisel Quartette, is a native of Rouniania, born in Bucharest, January 26, 1S65, son of Mar- tin and Victoria Kneisel. His parents were both (lernian. He was educated in Bucharest, and received his first lessons on the violin, when a child, from his father, who was himself an excel- lent musician. Later he entered the Conservatory at Bucharest, and graduated with a brilliant record in 1880. Then he became a pupil of Griin at the \'ienna Conservatory, where he passed through the prescribed two years' course in one year, gain- ing the first prize, and at the end of the second year won the first prize for the third year's course, with a silver medal awarded by unanimous consent of the examiners, and an extra diploma, — a rare distinction. His talent was so marked throughout his term there that at one of the periodical exam- inations, where all the students have to play, Court Conductor Hellmesberger, also the director of the Conservatory, observed that there was no need of his playing for examination, for all knew what he could do, but, if he would favor them with a selection, they would be delighted to listen. And after his performance on this occasion Nico- laus Dumba, a wealthy music-lover of Vienna, presented him with a valuable violin, a make of the Italian master Grancino, which he used until some years ago, when he purchased a beautiful Guarnerius. In 1894, however, he was fortu- nate enough to come into possession of the famous Stradivarius of his teacher Griin, of Menna, which wonderful instrument he is now using exclusively. Upon his graduation from tlie Vienna Conservatory Mr. Kneisel made his pub- lic de'but November 14, 1882, in a concert of his own, and sprang at once into public favor. OfTered the position of solo violinist in the or- chestra of the Imperial Court Theatre, he served there for a year. I )uring that time he also played at the famous Vienna Philharmonic Concerts, on one occasion performing the difficult concerto of loachim with such success that the society sent him a letter of special commendation, with thanks for his effort. The next year he was concert- master and solo violinist of the Bilse Orchestra, and travelled with that well-known organization in v.irious parts of (lermanv and Holland, appearing in Berlin, Munich, Dresden, Stuttgart, Amster- dam, and other musical centres, and receiving warm praise from the leading musical critics. In the autumn of 1885 he sailed for America, having accepted the place of first violin and concert- master in the Boston Symphony Orchestra, at that time under the leadership of W'ilhelm Gericke. Although then unknown to the Boston musical public, and unheralded, his performance of Beet- hoven's concerto on his first appearance in the Symphony Orchestra brought him instantly to the front ; and he has since been an established favor- FRANZ KNEISEL. ite, with Steadily widening fame. During the lat- ter part of the term of Mr. Nikisch as conductor he led the orchestra in several of its concerts in \Vestern cities, of which the most important were the Symphony concerts given in the Music Hall of the World's Fair, Chicago, winning upon every oc- casion the applause of audiences and the approval of critics. The Kneisel Quartette, which has become famous throughout the country as a musi- cal organization of great excellence and of the highest standard, was formed by him very soon after the beginning of his engagement with the Symphony Orchestra ; and its first concert was siiven at Chickering Hall in the month of Novem- 982 MEN OF PROGRESS. ber, 1885. During the ten years since it has gi\en nearly seventy concerts in Boston, appeared many times in all the leading cities of the country, and frequently at educational institutions, — in Cambridge, Wellesley, New Haven, Princeton, Oberlin, Cincinnati, and elsewhere, — receiving tlie unanimous approval of the critics in every place visited. During this period its membership has changed but little, Mr. Kneisel remaining con- tinuously at the head as leader and first violin ; Emanuel Fiedler playing second violin the first two years, when he was succeeded by Otto Roth ; Fritz Giese, violoncellist the first four years, Anton Hek- king the next three years, and Alwin Schroeder since ; and Louis Svecenski, viola, from the be- ginning. Mr. Kneisel has performed in public for the first time in this country the following works fur the violin : concertos by Brahms and Gold- mark, while among other works which he has played in all the musical centres of this country are concertos by .Spohr, Joachim, Mendelssohn, Paganini, and Viotti. Mr. Kneisel is a member of the Harvard Musical Association, the St. Botolph Club of Boston, and honorary member of the So- cial Club of Artists' " Schlaraffia " of Vienna and the Detroit Society of professional musicians. He was married to Miss Marianne Thoma, and has two children : Robert and ^'ictoria Kneisel. LAWRENCE, General Samuel Crocker, of Medford, manufacturer, first mayor of the city of Medford, was born in Medford, November 22, 1832, son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Crocker) Law- rence. His first ancestor in America was John Lawrence, who came from England, and settled in Watertown in 1635. He obtained his early edu- cation in the public schools and at Lawrence Academy, Groton, and, entering Harvard, was graduated with honors in the class of 1855. Soon after leaving college, he went to Chicago, and there engaged in the banking business, as a partner in the firm of Bigelow & Lawrence. This business was successful and to his liking ; but at the end of two years, at the earnest request of his father, he returned to Medford, and became a partner in the latter's business, under the firm name of Daniel Lawrence & Sons, distillers. Here he has since remained, and for many years has been the sole proprietor of the works. He has also been successfully engaged in various other interests, especially in railroad matters and the management of important trusts. In [875 when the old Eastern Railroad was on the verge of bankruptcy, he was elected president of the company, and through his able management the property was kept intact ; matters between the creditors and stockholders were so adjusted by means of an enabling act obtained from the Legis- lature that bankruptcy was avoided, and the valu- able leaseholds of tlie corporation were saved from disruption. General Lawrence entered the State militia when a young man, and, commis- sioned lieutenant in 1855, was promoted through the various grades to that of colonel of the Fifth S^ C LAWRENCE. Regiment in i860. W'hen the Civil War broke out, his regiment was one of the first in the coun- try to volunteer for service, being tendered by him to Governor Andrew^ on April 15, 1861. Under orders received just before midnight April t8, it reported for duty with full ranks the next morning, and, being sent to the front, fought with credit in the first battle of Bull Run, in which engagement Colonel Lawrence was wounded. In June, 1862, he was commissioned brigadier-gen- eral in the Massachusetts militia, which rank he held till August, 1864, when he resigned. In 1869 he was elected commander of the Ancient and Honorable .Artillery Company, and ser\-ed MEN OF PROGRESS. 983 the custoinaiy term. Hu lias boeii coniu-cted with the Masonic order since earl\- manhood, and has risen to high position in the organization, having served as grand commander of the Grand ( ommandery of Massachusetts and Rhode Island the past year. He was made a master Mason in Hiram Lodge of West Cambridge (now Arlington) in 1854, and became a charter mem- ber of Mount Hermon Lodge, founded by him- self and associates in Medford. He was elected junior warden in 1858, shortly after senior war- den, and in 1862 worshipful master, in which position he continued till 1865. In 1870 he was elected grand senior warden of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, and he has served as one of the Ijoard of directors of that body since 1869. He became a member of St. Paul's Royal Arch Chap- ter in 1855, and a charter member of Mystic Royal Arch Chapter of Medford in 1864. In the latter chapter he has served as captain of the host, excellent scribe and king, and most e.xcellent high priest. In 1879 he was appointed district deputy grand high priest for the eighth capitular district of Massachusetts, in which office he served through 1880. He received the degree of royal and select master in Boston Council. The orders of knighthood were conferred on him in De Molay Commandery, Knights Templar, of Boston in 1856 ; and he became a member of the Boston Commandery in 1858. He served one year as sword-bearer, two as generalissimo, and in [S73 became eminent commander. In 1875 he was elected an honorary member of Joseph Warren Commandery of Boston, and later an hon- orary member of St. John's Commandery of Phila- delphia and of Apollo Commandery of Chicago. In 1875 he was elected deputy grand commander of the Grand Commandery of Massachusetts and Rhode Island: and since October, 1879, he has served as one of the trustees of its grand fund. He received the degrees of the Royal Order of Scotland in May. 1878, and became one of the original members of the Provincial Grand Lodge of the order for the United States of America, and a member of the mother body of the royal order in Scotland. At the same time he was ap- pointed junior grand warden of the Provincial Grand Lodge of H. R. M. for the I'nited States. He was invested with the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite to the thirt\-lirst de- gree inclusive May g, 1862, with the thirty-second degree a week later, and with the thirty-third de- gree in December, 1864. He was a charter mem- ber of Lafayette Lodge of Perfection, Giles F. \'ates Council of Princes of Jerusalem, Gourgas Chapter of Rose Croi.x, and of DeWitt Clinton Consistory, and was elected an honorary member of each of these bodies ; also an honorary member of Mount Calvary Chapter of Rose Croix, Lowell, and of Sutton Lodge of Perfection, Salem. From 1862 to 1867 he served as deputy commander- in-chief of the Grand Consistory of Massachusetts. From 1 88 1 to 1883 he was grand master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, and it was largely through his efforts that the heavy debt on the Masonic Temple in Boston was paid in full. He was made an active member of the Supreme Council, .Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction United States, in 1866, and in 1888 was elected minister of state, which position he still holds. A feature of his Masonic labor has been the establishment of permanent charitable funds in every body with which he has been associated in working offices. He has given much attention to the literature of the order, and he possesses one of the most com- plete Masonic libraries in the country. General Lawrence has always been keenly mterested in the welfare of Medford ; and he has done much in \ arious ways, without ostentation, for its advance- ment. When the old town became a city, in 1892, he was called to the chair as its first mayor by a spontaneous movement of the citizens ; and, although he had previously repeatedly declined other public positions offered him, he accepted this office as an especial honor. General Law- rence was married April 28, 1859, at Charles- town, to Caroline Rebecca Badger, daughter of the Rev. William and Rebecca Badger. They have two children : \\'illiam Badger and Louise Law- LOCKHART, Wii.m.'^.m L.\wson, of Boston, manufacturer of undertakers' goods, is a native of Nova Scotia, born in the town of Horton, July 20, 1829, son of David and Lucy (McNutt) Lockhart. He is of Scotch descent. He was educated in the public schools of his native place. He began work as a ship carpenter when yet a bov, and afterward became a house carpenter, working successfully at that trade for a number of years. He left home at the age of nineteen, and came to Boston, where he has since been estab- lished. He entered his present business in 1856, 984 MKN OF PROGRESS. at East Cambridge, and within a comparatively few years became one of the leading manufact- urers and wholesale dealers in caskets, coffins. f 1 seven years. In 1875 '^^^ engaged in the printing and publishing business on his own account, establishing himself on Bromfield Street ; and he has continued in this business and on this street since that date. He has been editor of the Biit- isli American and the Atnerican Citizen since 1887. In 1895 he was elected president of the Boston Daily Publishing Company, the proprietors of the Boston Daily Standan/. He is chiefly interested in patriotic, temperance, and charitable work, and in woman suffrage. In politics he is classed as a Prohibition-Republican. He has neither held nor sought public place, and is not connected with any of the numerous societies and clubs in Bos- ton. He was married June 25, 1878, to Miss Julia M. .Smith, of Port Huron, Mich. They have W. L. LOCKHART. and undertakers' goods in this part of the coun- try. His e.xtensive factory is still in East Cam- bridge, with warerooms in Boston. Mr. I^ockhart is a veteran yachtsman, and is a member of the Massachusetts, Hull, and Boston Yacht clubs. In politics he is a Democrat. He was married in 1857 to Miss Lucy O. Smith, of Kennebunk, Me. LONG, RoiiERT James, of Boston, editor of the Britisli American and the American Citizen, is a native of Nova Scotia, born in the town of Liverpool, January 18, 1849, son of John and Mary (Firth) Long. He is of Scotch-Irish ances- try. He received his education in the common schools and through private tuition after business hours, being at work in his boyhood earning his living. His first work was in a newspaper office in Liverpool, Nova Scotia, which he entered at the age of thirteen. He remained there for five years, and then engaged in the general printing business as an employee in the establishment of Rand, Avery, &: Co., at that time on Cornhill. Boston. His work here covered a period of R. J. LONG. had fi\e children : \\'esle\- R.. Robert J., George R. (deceased). Cedric B.. and Edelweis Searles Long. MASTERS, EzEKiF.L Woodworth, of Boston, master of dancing, was born in Nova Scotia, May 14, 1833, son of Ezekiel and Frances Eliza- beth (Hays) Masters. His paternal ancestors were English, and, being Loyalists in America, at the time of the Revolution fled to the province of Nova Scotia, where they took up large tracts of MEN OF PROGRESS. 98 = land, and turned their attention to farinin>;. His paternal grandfather settled in Cornwallis, near Grand Pre', the home of Evangeline, Gabriel Lajeunesse, and the rest of the " simple Acadian farmers." On the maternal side he traces his ancestry back to the Huguenots ; and to that strain is credited the desire of his parents that he should become a clergyman, — an idea that they were reluctantly obliged to abandon ; for he in- clined to a more active life. His early education was obtained in the schools of Nova Scotia, and later in Boston. Finding the course of study in the public schools here different from that which he had pursued in Nova Scotia, attendance at the public school was discontinued after a short time ; and he received private instruction as preparatory for a business career. Natural taste turned him toward mechanical pursuits, which he followed for several years. Later on the study of music led to the train of the twin sister, danc- ing ; and in 1850 he entered the school for dancing conducted by H. N. Huston, where he took a two years' course. The style of dancing practised here was that of the "old school"; and, having a desire for perfection, he next arranged for a course of lessons under Professor William Napoleon Bell. Within a few weeks the professor, admir- ing his proficiency as a dancer, offered him the position of assistant, promising that at the end of a three years" course he would make him the best teacher of dancing in the United States. The prospect was alluring, and soon led to contract to enter upon professional duties. At that time round dancing was a new feature, and the young disciple of Terpsichore entered upon the work of acquirement with zeal. The rotary work lent such a charm to practice that the small hours of the night often found him diligently employed in the study and practice of rhythmical motion. All the technicalities of the art of dancing were faithfully studied, and this necessitated the ac- quirement in part of the French language. Jete, coupe, Rond de Jambe, and Pas de Basque became loving terms to him as soon as their definitions were acquired. Subsequently the more classical work of fancy dancing was attained under the tutelage of some of the most celebrated masters of England and America. In 1858 Mr. Masters became principal of a school of his own ; and from that time to the present, with the exception of the Civil War period, he has maintained his school, which is recognized by many as the lead- ing school for dancing in New England. A feat- ure in his professional life has been composition ; and many of the exhibition dances now in general use by the dancing fraternity of this country are his invention, while many of the ordinary dances of society have originated with him or have been largely improved by him. The glide waltz, the redowa schottische, the Yorke, the waltz-lanciers, may be included in the list of his works. Realiz- ing the necessity of reform both in methods of teaching and style of society dancing, Mr. Masters in 1883 founded an organization known as the American National Association, composed of mas- ters of dancing of the United States and Canada. He filled the office of president for ten years ; and, declining re-election at the Chicago convention of the association in 1893, he was elected secre- tary, which position he still retains. This organi- zation is accomplishing nuich bv its efforts to make social dancing more uniform throughout the country. Mr. Masters has frequently delivered historical lectures on dancing and kindred sub- jects in different cities, and has also contributed articles on the same subjects to magazines and E. WOODWORTH MASTERS. periodicals. In 1883 he began the publication of the Galop, a paper devoted to the interests of dancing and the profession, of which he is at 986 MEN OF PROGRESS. present editor and proprietor. He is a member of a number of social orders, including the Sons of Temperance, the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Honor, and the Knights of Malta. In military life he has been a member of the Boston Fusiliers, from which he was drawn as a non-commissioned officer on the staff of Colonel Henry W. Wilson of the First Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and he organized the first regimental band for that corps in 1873, which band filled a contract for thirty-seven public concerts for the city of Boston during the summer seasons. The duties of his profession have prevented any participation in politics or public life, although well fitted for political work as an experienced speaker. He was married to his present wife (Clara A. W'hitten) in 1880, the ceremony taking place at Odd Fellows' Hall, Boston, on the night of his annual party of that year, the service being performed by the Rev. Minot J. Savage. He has five children : Ethel- ston Moore, Earle Woodworth, Deane Whitten, Grace Grayle, and Parke Hayes Masters. He has resided in Ro.xbury for several years, his academy being in Park Square, Boston. McLAUTHLIN, George Thomas, of Boston, manufacturer, was born in Duxbury, October 11, 1826, son of Martin and Hannah (Reed) Mc- Lauthlin ; died in Boston, July 20, 1895. He was of Scotch-English ancestry. His first an- cestors in New England on the paternal side settled in Pembroke, the next town to Dux- bury, in the early part of the seventeenth cent- ury ; and through his mother he descended from the Reeds, who settled in Weymouth in 1635. His father's family name was originally Maglathlin, and underwent several changes before that of McLauthlin was finally adopted. His maternal grandfather was Colonel Jesse Reed, an inventor of distinction, whose inventions included the nail machine, which is to-day used in practically its original form wherever "cut nails" are made, also a line of machinery for making and preparing the nail plates for that machine, and various other mechanical devices, many of which are in general use. His father was a machinist. Mr. Mc- Lauthlin inherited his grandfather's inventive genius, and, with his brother, Martin P., was brought up by his father under strict industrial training. He attended the public schools of East Bridgewater, to which place his parents removed when he was a child of two years, and subse- quently took courses at the Adelphian Academy, meeting his board and other expenses from his own earnings. At sixteen years of age he undertook shoemaking, without instruction : and the next year began to employ help in his modest business. Thus, working mornings and evenings, w'hile at- tending school the greater part of the day, and longer hours between school terms, he earned the means through which he obtained his academic training. His eagerness for knowledge led him to continue his studies while at his work, the work- GEO. T. McLAUTHLIN. bench serving the purpose of a desk for the open books. At the age of eighteen he was unexpect- edly solicited to teach a public school, and, accept- ing the offer gladl}', followed teaching through four winters, first in Hanson, then in Pembroke, and the last two terms in the North Marshfield graded school, with exceptional success, mean- while continuing his shoemaking and studies. At the age of twenty he conceived the plan of running his shoe shop on the system of subdivision of work, giving each workman employed a special part of the work on each shoe ; and this, it is be- lieved, was the origin and beginning of the " gang system " in shoe manufacturing. In the execu- MEN OF PROGRESS. 98 7 tion of his plan he was joined by a schoohnate, James S. Barrell (who became in later years mas- ter of a Cambridge school), and they employed three other boys (each of whom afterward became a successful business man), the live boys consti- tuting the " gang." All soon became experts in their parts of the work, and the profitableness of the new system was quickly demonstrated. The rolling-machine, which was then slowly super- seding the lap-stone, and the shoe-jack in place of the knee-strap, were used in the shop. Upon at- taining his majority, Mr. McLauthlin, led by his mechanical taste, sought a wider field, and, enter- ing into partnership with his brother, Martin P., began, almost without means, the manufacture of shoe machinery at Marshfield. At that time this was a new industry in which few were engaged ; and shoemakers were slow to drop the old lap- stone for an inexpensive rolling-machine, or add to their modest " bench kit " of tools a cheap leather skiving and v.-elt-splitting machine, al- though these machines would save their cost in a short time. Consequentl)-, the new business at the beginning proved too limited for two ; and George T. soon after bought out his brother's in- terest. In 1850 he moved to Plymouth, and there added to his shoe machinery manufacture the making of water-wheels and general machinery. In this business he prospered, and through the ex- tensive introduction of his wheels, which early found market in nearly every State and Territory in the United States, in Canada, South America, Turkey, and Africa, became widely known as the "water-wheel man." In 1852 he opened a Boston office on State Street, and two years later moved his works to Boston, establishing them on Albany Street. In 1858 he removed to East Boston, leas- ing the machine works there of the East Boston Iron Company, which he added to his own. In 186 1 his works were destroyed in the destructive fire of the Fourth of July that year caused by fire- crackers, when fifteen acres of property were burned over ; and before the fire had ceased he had purchased the works of William Adams & Co., at No. 120 Fulton Street, Boston. Here his factory has since been established, and his office from 1864. .\fter his purchase of those premises he added the manufacture of steam-engines, eleva- tors, and other machinery along the lines which had been followed by William Adams & Co. In 1878 he made further additions, purchasing a con- siderable portion of the stock of portable engines of the J. C. Hoadley Company, and becoming the successor to its portable engine business. Mr. Hoadley was at the same time secured by him as consulting engineer, and was retained in that capacity until his death in 1886. Mr. McLauthlin was much engaged in labor-saving inventions, e.\- periments, and tests. His most extensive work in the latter class was a series of comparative model tests on water-wheels, begun in i860 and finished in 1868. Requiring a testing apparatus for absolute accuracy, he perfected an ingenious automatic affair which maintained the water at one exact level, accurately recorded the time of the test, recorded to a fraction the pounds of water used for each test, and the exact distance the weight was raised, — all during the time only that the wheel was in regular working operation. The operator had only to prepare the wheel, set the apparatus for the test, hoist the gate, and close it after the finish of the test. He could then take off the automatically noted records, and with slight mathematical calculations compared with those formerly necessary determine the result to within one-twentieth of one per cent, of absolute accuracy. Mr. McLauthlin was a director in various companies in which he held interests. He was married in 1854 to Miss Clara M. Holden, daughter of the late Freeman Holden, of Boston. She died in 1882. MIXTER, S.'iMUEL Jasox, M.D., of Boston, was born in Hardwick, May 10, 1855, son of William and Mary (Ruggles) Mi.xter. He was educated at Towers Park Latin School and the Brimmer School, Boston, and at the Massachu- setts Institute of Technology, where he took a course in physics, and graduated in 1875. He studied medicine in the Harvard Medical School, graduating in 1879. After leaving the medical school, he spent a year in the Massachusetts Gen- eral Hospital as house officer, and then, going abroad, further studied for two years in Vienna. He has since practised in Boston. He was for seven years demonstrator of anatomy in the Har- vard Medical School, and has served as surgeon to the Massachusetts General Hospital, surgeon to the Carney Hospital, and consulting surgeon to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. He is a member of the American Surgical Associa- tion, of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, of 988 MEN OF PROGRESS. the Boston Society for Medical Sciences, of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the M. P., St. Botolph, and Athletic clubs. Dr. S J, MIXTER. Mixter was married, August 12, 1879, to Miss ^^'ilhelmina Galloupe, daughter of Charles W. and Sarah A. (Kittredge) Galloupe, of Boston. They have had five children : William Jason, Charles Galloupe, Roger Conant (deceased), George, and Samuel Mi.xter. NIELSON. Carl S., of Boston, builder, and operator in suburban real estate, is a native of Denmark, born in Aarhuus, June 12, 1856, son of Severine Sorenson and Niels (Jargen) Nielson. He was educated in the public schools of his native city. After leaving school, he served five years an indentured apprenticeship at bricklaying, and, receiving a diploma from an examining board created for that purpose, became a journeyman. During his apprenticeship he also studied archi- tecture and drafting as a building engineer. He came to this country in 1880, and at first worked at his trade of bricklaying for some of the leading builders in Boston, among them Woodbury & Leighton and Connery & Wentworth. In i88g he formed a partnership with A. E. Blanchard, of Everett, and began building extensively in that suburban city. They erected about two hundred and fifty dwellings for sale and to order, and during the same time built a large brick business block for W. F. Fitzgerald on Chelsea Street, a large school-house for the city on Beacham Street, three large business blocks on Broadway and F'erry Street, and several brick and wooden houses in Chelsea. The partnership was dis- solved in 1892 ; and since that time Mr. Nielson has continued the business alone, building a large number of houses in Everett. In 1892 he ex- tended his operations into the Dorchester District of Boston, purchasing there a tract of thirty-six acres, bounded by three streets and the New York & New England Railroad, and beginning on an extensive scale the lauilding of modern dwell- ings for the market. He then opened a Dor- chester ofiice on the corner of Norfolk Street and Mountain Avenue, and also a main office in the city proper at No. i Beacon Street. In 1S95 he acquired an interest in a car company, and was made president of the company. In politics Mr. Nielson generally acts with the Republican party, CARL S NIELSON. but takes no active part in political work. He belongs to no clubs or other organizations, finding his time fully occupied by his business and his MEN OF PROGRESS. 989 home. He was married March 31, 1877, to Miss Marie Jansen. They have an adopted daughter : Mena Nielsen. The family now reside in Dor- chester, where Mr. Nielsen has built his house within tiie large tract of land which he acquired for development in 1892. NILES, WiLLi.A^M Harmon, of Cambridge, pro- fessor of geology and physical geography in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Wellesley College, and Boston University, was born in Northampton, May 18, 1838. His father was the Rev. Asa Niles, and his mother, Mary A. (Marcy) Niles. He inherited from his father a quick, re- tentive memory, and from his mother a genuine love of nature. In boyliood he was fond of col- lecting and studying minerals and plants, and his subsequent career was clearly foreshadowed by his youthful recreations. His early education was received in the public schools of Worthington, where he then resided ; and later he went to We.s- leyan Academy at Wilbraham. His love for natu- ral science was there developed by the instruc- tions and encouragement of his uncle, Oliver Marcy, LL.I)., now professor at the North-western l^niversity. Acting under his advice, he went to Cambridge to become a student of the late Pro- fessor Louis Agassiz at the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology, where he remained four years, and where he was intimately associated with young men who have since become distinguished in science. To extend his scientific education, he became a member of the junior class of the Shef- field Scientific School, Yale College, and gradu- ated Ph.B. in 1867. He received the honorary degree of A.M. from W'esleyan University, Mid- dletown, Conn., in 1870. He began teaching in public schools at seventeen years of age, and be- fore his graduation he frequently delivered pub- lic lectures. He was also early employed by the Massachusetts State Board of Education as in- structor in natural sciences, and as evening lect- urer at '■ State Teachers' Institutes," in which work he continued for ten successive years. In 1867 he began giving courses of public lectures and lyceum lectures upon geological and geo- graphical subjects, sometimes speaking from sev- enty to one hundred times in a single season. He was repeatedly called to give full courses of ten or twelve lectures each. The Lowell Institute in Boston, the Peabodv Institution in Baltimore, and Wakefield, Mass., were among the places at wliich he was ilnis welcomed as a public speaker. Upon the lyceum courses in some towns he ap- peared nearly every season. In 1871 he was appointed professor of physical geography in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and in 1878 became professor of geology and geography. In 1875 he was made an instructor of geology in Boston University, and four years later advanced to the professorship. In 1882 he became con- nected with Wellesley College as stated lecturer in geology; and in 1888 he was appointed pro- fessor in charge of the department of geology, WM. H. NILES. which had just been established. These three professorships are held by him at the present time. He is the president of the Boston Society of Natu- ral History, which position he has occupied since 1892, and is the president of the New England Meteorological Society, and a trustee of the Pea- body Museum of Archa-ology. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a fellow of the (Geological Society of America, member of the National Geographical Society, member of the Society of American Naturalists, and corresponding member of the New York Academy of Sciences and of the Peabodv Acad- emy of Sciences, also a member of the Appalach- 990 MEN OF PROGRESS. ian Mountain Club, of which he was president in 1879. Professor Niles has been a contributor to scientific literature, and among his published writ- ings the following titles appear : " Geological Formations of the Burlington Limestone,'" with Charles Wachsmuth, " Shells from the ' 'Pill ' in Boston Harbor," " Traces of Ancient Operations in the Oil Region of Pennsylvania," " Peculiar Phenomena observed in Quarrying," " Agency of Glaciers in the Excavations of Valleys and Lake Basins," " Expansions, Movements, and Fractures of Rocks," "Zones of Physical Features upon the Slopes of Mountains," and " Recent Floods in Germany." Much of his work is to be found in the printed Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History. He was married December 31, 1868, to Miss Helen M. Plympton, youngest daughter of Dr. Sylvanus Plympton, of Cam- bridge. They have no children. PARTRIDGE, Horace, of Boston, merchant, was born in Walpole, May 27, 1822, son of Hervey and Rachel (Paine) Partridge. He is on the maternal side of the Paines of Maine, a cousin of Henry W. Paine, of Cambridge. His father was a blacksmith ; and his boyhood was passed in farm work and blacksmithing, with at- tendance at district schools during the winter months. From Walpole the family moved to Dedham when he was an infant. When he was twelve years old, they moved again to Newton Upper Falls, thence two years later to Mill Vil- lage, and within the next two years to South Royalston. In about 1840, when the survey of the route of the Vermont &: Massachusetts Rail- road was under way, he carried the chain for a time. Although he was a working boy, his busi- ness career may be said to have fairly begun at the age of twenty, when he was engaged in selling goods for an elder brother. At twenty-one he was "on the road," selling on his own account. While the Vermont & Massachusetts road was building, he supplied the families of the work- men with groceries, dry goods, shoes, and other merchandise, over a route between Gardner and Greenfield, making his headquarters at Athol. Prospering in this enterprise, he decided to try his fortune in Boston ; and, accordingly, in 1848 he came to the city, and joined his brother, who was then engaged in the dry-goods business at No. 78 Federal Street. A year later he opened a place of his own, at No. 49 Hanover Street, and began a brisk trade as an auctioneer. From this he soon developed into a retail and whole- sale dealer in fancy goods and Yankee notions. He remained at No. 49 Hanover Street until that building was about to be razed. Then he moved to No. 125, the "Diamond Block." A few vears later, that block coming down, he made a third move to No. 105 ; and, that in turn after a while meeting the same fate, he moved once again, this time to No. 27. Here he was able to remain for twelve years, when, that building being doomed for the widening of the street, he was HORACE PARTRIDGE. obliged to make a fifth move. He then estab- lished himself at No. 51, and, soon after adding Nos. S3 and 55, became permanently fixed. His business steadily enlarged and extended until he became one of the largest dealers in his line. He was a pioneer in the Christmas toy and pres- ents trade, and earlv engaged in the importation of immense quantities of dolls and many branches of European toys as well as fancy goods. He con- tinued alone until his admittance to partnership of his son-in-law. Benjamin F. Hunt, Jr. Subse- quently also admitting his son, Frank P. Part- ridge, he established the firm name of Horace Partridge & Co., under which name the business MEN OF PROGRESS. 991 has since been conducted. In 1885, when the Hanover Street quarters — the entire block Nos. 51 to 55 — had become outgrown, contract was made witii tiie late Frederick L. Ames for the building then erected at Nos. 63 to 97 Lincoln Street, covering two hundred and ten feet on that street, two hundred and thirty feet on Essex Place, one hundred feet on Tufts Street, and one hundred and fifty feet on Essex Street, the firm taking a twenty years' lease of five lofts, twenty- seven thousand feet on each floor. Meanwhile a large retail store on Washington Street and Tem- ple Place was established, the original Hanover Street establishment being retained. Mr. Hunt, with Frederick R. Smith, was given charge of the Lincoln Street department, Mr. Partridge, the younger, the Washington Street store, while Mr. Partridge, senior, remained at the old stand from which these extensive branches had developed. Mr. Hunt also makes the foreign purchases for the house, going annually to Europe. Business in the commodious Lincoln Street store was car- ried on successfully till the lotli of March, 1893, when the largest conflagration that Boston had suffered since the "great fire" of 1872 occurred, in which this store was burned to the ground. Since that loss Mr. Partridge and his associates have contented themselves with the " old stand " on Hanover Street, and are determined not to experiment further on locations. The store con- ducted by Frank P. Partridge is now at No. 335 Washington, and its principal trade is bicycles and lawn tennis outfits. In addition to the con- duct of his large business, Mr. Partridge has also invested considerably in suburban real estate. He has built and owned more than a hundred dwelling-houses, and he now has a goodly village of houses in Somerville which he leases or rents. He also leases and rents a number of public halls. He has built on North Avenue (now Massachu- setts Avenue), Cambridge, within a handsome lot, — precisely the size of the ground of the Lin- coln Street store, — a comfortable house for him- self, one for his son, and two for tenants ; and on an adjoining lot Mr. Hunt has built for his family. Mr. Partridge is devoted to fruit and flower cult- ure, and takes great pleasure and pride in the cultivation of his grounds and garden. He is a life member of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, and possesses more than a hundred prize tickets received for his fruit and flower displays at its exhibitions. He is devoted to his business and to work, and for upward of forty years has averaged eighteen hours of work, either in his store or upon the grounds about his Cambridge home, a day. He says that he has never had any desire to join any organization for shortening the hours of labor. Among the more than four thou- sand hands which he has employed during his business career in Boston, many have served long terms with him. One clerk has been in his em- ploy for forty years and more, and half a dozen for a quarter of a century each. He has been a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company for thirty-five years ; and he has been as attentive to the duties of membership as to his business, never missing an artillery election, parade, or dinner. In politics he is a Democrat, but has never aspired to office or been drawn to the management of political machinery, taking no part in caucussing and fighting shy of caucuses. He was married, when he was engaged in selling goods "on the road," June 17, 1847, to Miss Martha Ann Stratton, daughter of Samuel and Livia (Rawson) Stratton, of the tow^n of CAW. They have had five children : Jenny Lind (now Mrs. Benjamin F. Hunt, Jr.), Frank Pierce (now in partnership with his father), Nellie Rosalie (now Mrs. William E. Nickerson), Lizzie Lucille, and Horace Partridge, Jr., both of whom died in infancy. PAUR, Emil, of Boston, conductor of the Bos- ton Symphony Orchestra, was born in Czerno- witz, Austria, July 29, 1855, son of Franz and Emilie (Rauh) Paur. His father was a musician, pupil of Czerny, a conductor, and also a teacher of music. He was educated in Vienna. His musical studies began early at home. He became a pupil at the Vienna Conservatory, studying there the violin with Hellmesberger and compo- sition with Dessoff, and soon attained a good name as an excellent pianist and violinist. He graduated from the Conservatory with high honors, receiving the first prize and the large medal, and secured the place of first violin in the orchestra of the Vienna Opera House. Soon dis- playing an e.xceptional talent for conducting, he was appointed to conduct a great performance of a new oratorio, " Die Sieben Todsiinden," in Ber- lin ; and after that he was given the position of court conductor at Cassel in 1876, when he was but twenty-one. His success there brought him a higher offer from Konigsberg, which he accepted ; 992 MEN OF PROGRESS. and shortly after, in 1880, he was made first con- ductor and director of the Abonnements Konzerte and the court theatre at Mannheim. He remained in Mannheim nine years, and in i8gi went to Leipzig as first conductor at the opera, where he was engaged when he was secured by Henry L. Higginson to succeed Mr. Nilcisch as the con- ductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra. While at the Stadttheater he also conducted orchestra concerts in Leipzig with marked success. Mean- while he had become widely known as an accom- plished pianist, a master of the violin, and a com- poser for the violin, piano, and orchestra, and of numerous songs. He has been called by compe- tent critics one of the most thorough and conscien- tious conductors of the day, especially qualified, by his magnetism and generalship, for concert conducting. His de'but in Boston was made Oc- tober 13-14, 1893; and he has fully maintained the brilliant orchestra, of which he is at the head, at the high standard to which it was brought by his accomplished predecessors. Hs is a member of no organizations other than musical, shrinks from publicity, and is domestic in his habits. He she was a pupil of Leschetitzky at Vienna. They have two bovs : Hans and Kurt Paur. EMIL PAUR. is German with all his heart. Mr. Paur was mar- ried January 29, 1S82, to Marie Burger, a fine pianist, whom he first met in Mannheim, when FREDERICK H. PRINCE. PRINCE, Frederick Henry, of Boston, banker and broker, was born in Winchester, November 30, i860. He is the youngest son of Frederick O. Prince, secretary of the National Democratic Committee for twenty-eight consecutive years, member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Con- vention in 1853, several terms a member of the General Court of Massachusetts, and mayor of Boston in 1S77, 1879, 1880, and 1881. He is of distinguished ancestry, descendant in the direct line of Elder John Prince (son of John Prince, rector of East Sheffield, England, in the latter part of the sixteenth century, when the Prince family were living in Shrewsbury on their estate "Abbey Foregate"), who joined the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1633, settling in Hull, and of Thomas Prince (H.C. 1707), grandson of Elder John, who was the colleague of Dr. Samuel Sewall, minister, of the South Church in Boston from 17 17 till his death in 1758, a period of forty years. His great- grandfather, James Prince, was a leading merchant of his day in Boston, naval officer at the port of Boston by appointment of President Jefferson, and subsequently marshal for the District of Massachu- MEN OK I'KOCRKSS. 993 setts under presidents Madison and Monroe. His mother was a daughter of Barnard Henry, of Phihidelphia, born at Gibraltar, where Mr. Henry- was United States consul for many years. He was educated in public and private schools, and entered Harvard in 1878. Leaving college in his junior year to engage in business, within five years he established the banking house of F. H. Prince >.\: Co. (1885), and engaged in large financial oper- ations. In 1889 he entered into negotiations with Nathaniel Thayer, of Boston, and the Vanderbilts for the purchase of the Chicago .Stock Yards, and organized the syndicate of London and Boston bankers who subsequently acquired the property at a valuation of ji23,ooo,ooo. Subsequently he conceived the plan of uniting the Philadelphia & Reading, the Boston & Maine, and the New \'ork & New England Railroad systems under one management, the development of which was wide-reaching in its effects, and precipitated the consolidation of rival corporations. In the reor- ganization of the New York (S: New England Railroad at this time he became vice-president. He is a director of the Chicago Junction Railways and Union Stock Yards Company. Mr. Prince married in 1888 a daughter of George H. Nor- man, of Newport, R.I. QUINCY, JosiAH, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar, mayor of Boston for 1896-97, was born in Quincy, son of Josiah Phillips and Helen Fanny (Huntington) ()uincy. He is of the dis- tinguished Quincy family, great-grandson of the Josiah Quincy who was the second mayor of Bos- ton, — holding the office for si.x years, 1823-29, after having served in Congress from 1805 to 1 8 13, several terms in the State Senate, as speaker of the House of Representatives in 182 i- 22, a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1820, judge of the municipal court of Boston, and, after his retirement from the mayoralty, pres- ident of Harvard College from 1829 to 1845, — and grandson of the Josiah (,)uincy who was mayor of ISoston from 1846 to 1849, having pre- viously been president of the Boston Common Council for five years and president of the State Senate one year (1842). His first ancestor in America was Edmund Quincy, from England in 1628, who was one of the committee appointed to purchase from \\'illiam Bla.xton, the first Euro- pean settler in Shawmut, now Boston, his right to tile peninsula. Edmund subsequently settled on lands granted him at Mt. Wollaston, now (,)uincy, and died there December, 1635. He had two sons, Daniel and Edmund, from the younger of whom — Edmund — Mr. Quincy descends in the direct line through Edmund, his second son. Of Daniel's son John, John Quincy Adams was great- grandson and namesake. Edmund, son of Ed- mund second, left two sons, Edmund — a daugh- ter of whom married John Hancock — and Josiah. Josiah was a merchant and some time in public life. He built the homestead in (Quincy, until recent years occupied by his de- JOSIAH QUINCY. scendants, and now in the possession of the (,)uincy Historical Society. His third son, Josiah, was prominent among the patriots in Boston dur- ing the years immediately preceding the Revolu- tion, was a leading lawyer and orator, of counsel in the defence of Captain Preston and his soldiers concerned in the " Boston ^lassacre " of 1770, was conspicuous in the Old South Meeting-house gathering which was followed by the destruction of the "detested tea " in 1773, and died upon his way home from England, where he had gone to consult with friends of the patriots there, in 1775, at the youthful age of thirtv-one. His son Jo- siah was the second mayor of Boston, above re- 994 MEN OF PROGRESS. ferrud to ; the latter's son Josiah, the second Mayor Quincy of Boston ; and his son Josiah, — Josiah Phillips Quincy, — father of the present Josiah and third Mayor Quincy of Boston. Mr. Quincy's father was born in Boston, and is a member of the Suffolk bar, but has never been in practice. He is author of several dramas, one under the title of " Lyteria," published in 1855, and another entitled " Charicles," published in 1856 ; and has written numerous political essays, discussing the " Protection of Majorities" (1876), double taxation, and other questions. Mr. Quincy's mother was a daughter of Judge Hun- tington, of the former Superior Court of Suffolk County. Mr. Quincy was fitted for college at the Adams Academy, Quincy, when Dr. Dimock was head-master, and graduated from Harvard in the class of 1880. After leaving college, he served for a year as instructor in the academy in which he had been a student, under Dr. VN'illiam Ever- ett who was at that time at its head. He then travelled in Europe, and upon his return entered the Harvard Law School, but took only a portion of the full course. In 18S3 he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, but he has never been in active practice. His interest in public matters was manifested when a college student, and in 18S1 he became secretary of the Civil Service Reform League of Massachusetts. Two years later he became secretary of the Massachusetts Tariff Reform League. He first participated actively in politics in the national campaign of 1884, as a member of the Committee of One Hundred, which represented the Massachusetts Indepen- dents leading in the movement for Cleveland against Blaine ; and from that time he has been actively identified with the Democratic party. In 1886 he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature for the Eifth Norfolk District, com- posed of the towns of Quincy and U'eymouth, and served two terms in that body ( 1887-88), retir- ing to accept in 1888 the Democratic nomination for Congress against the Hon. Elijah A. Morse, in a strong Republican district. Unsuccessful in that contest, he was returned the ne.xt year to the House of 1890, and was re-elected a member for 1 89 1. During his four years' service in the Legislature he was active on the floor and in com- mittee work, and in the sessions of 1890 and 1 89 1 was the recognized leader on the Dem- ocratic side. He served on the committees on labor, rules, cities, election laws, and woman suf- frage, and also on two special investigating com- mittees. In 1890, the year in which Governor Russell was first elected, he was chosen secretary of the Democratic State Committee; in 1891 became chairman of the executive committee, and in 1892 chairman of the full committee, which position he held till 1894. He was also one of the organizers and original members of the Voung Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, formed in 1888. In 1892 he was a delegate to the Na- tional Democratic Convention at Chicago, and was chosen by the delegation as the Massachu- setts member of the Democratic National Commit- tee. Subsequently made a member of the cam- paign committee of the national organization, at the headquarters in New York he had charge of the preparation and distribution of documents, and of the newspaper work connected with the campaign. In March, 1893, immediately after the inauguration of President Cleveland, he was offered the position of First Assistant Secretary of State, which place he accepted with the understanding that he should only be expected to hold it temporarily, being unwilling to remain long in Washington. In this capacity — Secretary Gresham desiring to confine himself entirely to diplomatic work — Mr. Quincy represented the department in the reorganization of the consular service to improve the service and bring it into harmony with the tariff' reform tendencies of the administration. After serving as Assistant Secre- tary for si.x months, he resigned, and, returning to Massachusetts, took an active part in the State campaign of 1893. In the winter of 1894 he was again in Washington, acting as counsel for the Argentine government in the preparation of its side of the boundary dispute between that country and Brazil, which was submitted to Pres- ident Cleveland as arbitrator. From the close of the campaign of 1894 till his nomination for the mayoralty in 1895, '^^ ^^^ '^^^ actively engaged in politics, devoting his attention mainly to street railway matters, having become a director of and counsel for the Quincy and Boston Street Rail- way Company and two smaller companies. He was, however, a frequent and effective speaker on the stump in the campaign of 1895. Mr. Quincy is a member of the Union Club, the Loyal Legion, and various other organizations. He is unmarried. He has resided in Boston through the winter seasons for many years, and been a legal resident of the city since 1S91. MEN OF l'RO{;i ton, Harry Cornelius, Grace L., Joseph L., and Josephine L., the last two being twins, born in March, 1888. P'rank, the eldest son. is captain in the regiment of the English High School of Boston, class of 1896. SHAl'TUCK, Georce Otis, of Boston, mem- ber of the Suffolk bar, was born in Andover, May 2, 1829, son of Joseph and Hannah (Bailey) Shat- tuck. He is of sterling Puritan stock, his first ancestor in New England on the paternal side having been William Shattuck, an early settler of Watertown, where he died in 1672 ; and on the ma- ternal sjde being also from an early New England family. Both of his grandfathers were soldiers of the Re\olution, and his great-grandfather Bailey was killed at Bunker Hill. Mr. Shattuck was ed- ucated at Phillips (Andover) Academy and at Harvard College, where he graduated in the class of 1851. He began his law studies in the Boston office of Charles Greeley Loring, and spent two years at the Harvard Law School, graduating with his LL.B. in 1854. He was admitted to the .Suf- folk bar on February i, 1855, and shortly after began practice in Boston, in association with J. Randolph Coolidge. In May the following year he became associated with the late Peleg W. Chandler, at that time one of the leaders of the Suffolk bar. This relation continued until 1S70, when he withdrew, and formed a partnership with William A. Munroe, under the firm name of Shattuck & Munroe, which still exists. In 187^ Oliver Wendell Holmes. Jr.. was admitted to the firm, when its name was changed to Shattuck, Holmes, &: Munroe : and he remained a member until liis ai)])ointnirnt to the bench of the .Supreme Judicial Court in 1882. Upon his withdrawal the original firm name was restored. In his practice I004 MEN OF PROGRESS. Mr. Shattuck has been especially successful in the conduct of large commercial cases, notably of cases affecting the interests and rights of cor- SHERWIN, Thomas, of Boston, president of the New England Telephone and Telegraph Com- pany, was born in Boston, July ii, 1839. His father was the distinguished scholar and instruc- tor, Thomas Sherwin, long and widely known as principal of the English High School of Boston, which under his direction became one of the lead- ing educational institutions of the country. His mother was Mary King Gibbens, a daughter of Colonel Daniel L. Gibbens, of Boston. On his father's side Mr. Sherwin is descended from the New Hampshire family of that name. His grandfather, David Slierwin, served in Stark's Brigade during the Revolution, and was at the battle of Bennington. He fitted for college at the Dedham High and Boston Latin schools, and graduated at Harvard College in i860. During the college course he taught a winter school at Medfiekl, and for the year after graduation was master of the Houghton School in the town of ISolton. Upon the breaking out of the Civil War he enlisted, with other young men of Bolton, where he was then engaged in teaching, and the adjoining towns. A company was formed for GEO. O. SHATTUCK. porations, manufacturing, railroad, and business. Among many important matters which he has car- ried to successful issue may be mentioned the Sayles bleaching case in Rhode Island and the Sudbiuy River water cases. He was counsel for the trustees of the Andover Theological Seminary in the famous Andover "heresy" cases. He has long taken an active interest in public affairs, and has been identified with important political reform movements ; but with the exception of one term in the Boston Common Council, — 1862, — he has held no public place, declining all invitations, however urgent, preferring the station of a private citizen and the uninterrupted pursuit of his profes- sion. He has served as a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard College since 1871. He is a member of the Massachusetts Historical So- ciety, of the American Unitarian Association, and of the Union and St. Botolph clubs of Boston. Mr. Shattuck was married October 15, 1857, to Miss Emily Copeland, daughter of Charles and Susan (Sprague) Copeland, of Roxbury. They have one daughter: Susan, now the wife of Dr. Arthur T. Cabot, of Boston. THOMAS SHERWIN. service during the war, of which Mr. Sherwin was elected captain. He was later commissioned adjutant of the Twenty-second Massachusetts mi:n of progress. 1005 Regiment, and took part in most of tiic battles of the Army of tiie I'otoniac witii tliat regiment, until tlie expiration of its term of service in 1864, re- ceiving promotions to the rank of major and lieu- tenant colonel. He received the commissions of colonel and brigadier-general of United States Volunteers by bre\et, for gallant service at Gettvs- burg and for meritorious service during the war. Mr. Sherwin resumed for a time the profession of teaching, and was for a year an instructor in the Boston English High School. In 1866 he was appointed deputy surveyor of customs at Boston, and held that position till 1875, when he was elected to the newly established office of city col- lector of Boston. In 1883 he became auditor of the American Bell Telephone Company, which office he now holds. He has been president of the New England Telephone and Telegraph Com- pany since 1885. General Sherwin is a member of the Union, St. Botolph, and other clubs. He was elected commander of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion for the year 1892-93. He was married in 1870 to Miss Isabel Fiske Edwards, a daughter of the Hon. Thomas M. Edwards, of Keene, N.H. Their children are : Eleanor. Thomas Edwards, Mary King, Robert Waterston. Anne Isabel, and Edward Vassal Sherwin. SINCL.AIR, Charles .\., connected with the Boston and Maine Railroad interests, is a native of New Hampshire, born in ISethlehem, son of the Hon. John G. and Tamar M. (Clark) Sinclair. He was educated in Newbury. \'t., and at Exeter, N.H. His business career was begun as a clerk in a store in Lexington, Mich., in 1867 ; and he entered the railroad field in 1881. His first notable operation was in stock of the Worcester, Nashua, & Rochester Railroad, which he began ciuietly purchasing until early in 1884, when it was found that he had seemed the control of that property. He was elected a director of the road that year, and was subsequently made president ; and in October the following year the line was leased to the Boston & Maine Railroad. He then began, early in 1886, purchasing the stock of the Manchester & Lawrence Railroad, and, speedily securing control, was elected president of that corporation at the annual meeting in December. Subsequently, on June i, 1887, this line also was leased to the Boston & Maine Railroad, Mr. Sinclair retaining the presidency, which he still holds. His next move was on Eastern Railroad holdings: and early in 1889, after .some time spent in quietly buying stock, he succeeded in purchasing, with others, in the open market, the control of the road, whereupon he was elected at the annual meeting in December a director. On May 9 following the Eastern was consolidated with the Boston & Maine Railroad. Meanwhile he had, in company with others, built the Upper Coos and Hereford railroads (1887-88), and be- come a director of both of these roads ; and on the first of May, 1890, both roads were leased to •*>«»- ^35^ CHAS. A. SINCLAIR. the Maine Central Railroad, a majority of the stock of which is owned by the Boston & Maine corporation. On December 11, iSgo, Mr. Sin- clair was elected to the directory of the Boston & Maine Railroad, and a week later to that of the Maine Central. He served through one term in each, and in December, 1894, was again returned to the Boston & Maine directory. Besides his railroad interests, he is concerned in numerous other enterprises. He is the largest owner of the Morley Button Machine factory; the largest owner of the Portsmouth Shoe Company, which employs upward of twelve hundred hands : a director of the Frank Jones Brewing Company, Limited ; a di- roo6 MEN OK PROGRESS. rector of the Massachusetts National Bank : and a proprietor of the Quincy House and the Moulton Cafe in Boston. He also owns the Portsmouth Times, the leading newspaper of New Hampshire. He has served in both branches of the New Hampshire Legislature, a member of the House in 1873, and twelve years after of the Senate, to which he was re-elected in 1888, and again in 1890. He served on the staff of Governor Weston, with the rank of colonel, in 187 1 and 1872. He was married November 27, 1873, to Miss Emma I. Jones, daughter of the Hon. Frank Jones, of Portsmouth. They have four children. SMITH, Rev. S.\muel Fk.^ncis, D.D., of New- ton, author of the national hymn, " America," was born in Boston, October 21, 1808, son of Samuel and Sarah (Bryant) Smith; died in Boston, No- vember 16, 1895. He attended the Boston pub- lic schools, winning a Franklin medal at the old Eliot School and a gold medal for a poem at the Latin School, and graduated from Harvard Col- lege in the famous class of 1829, which included among its exceptionally brilliant members Oliver \\'endell Holmes, James Freeman Clarke, and Benjamin Peirce. After leaving college, he took the regular course of the Andover Theological School, graduating in 1832, and soon after was licensed to preach. In 1834 he was ordained to the ministry of the Baptist church in Waterville, Me., and for the succeeding eight years was pastor of the Baptist church in that place. At the same time he held the professorship of modern languages in Waterville College (now Colby Uni- versity). In 1842 he became pastor of the First Baptist Church of Newton, and, removing to New- ton Centre, made that section his permanent home. The same year he was appointed editor of the Christian Review, published in Boston ; and for some time thereafter he successfully performed the double duties of pastor and editor. He re- mained in the Newton pastorate until 1854, when he witlidrew from regular pastoral work, to devote himself more fully to literary pursuits. His editor- ship of the Christian Re-t'iew continued till 1848 ; and in 1854 he became editor of the various pub- lications of the Baptist Missionary Union, which position he filled for fifteen years. His verse- making was begun when a boy of twelve, and very early took the form of hymns. His " My Country, 'tis of thee," the most noted of his compositions. was written in 1832, when he was a theological student, one of a number of hymns and songs produced at that time, and subsequently published in the "Juvenile Lyre." It was written with no thought of producing a national lyric, and its great popularity in after years as a national hymn was a surprise as well as a pleasure to him. His own account of its birth and history is as follows. Lowell Mason, the celebrated Boston composer and introducer of music in the schools, had re- ceived from a gentleman, who had been sent from New York to Germany to study the school system of that country, a number of German music books used in the German schools, which were sent to Mr. Smith for e.\amination. '■ One dismal day in the month of February, 1832," he continues, " while I was a student at the Theological Semi- nary in Andover, I stood in front of one of the windows of the room in which I resided. In turn- ing over the leaves of one of the books, I at length came upon a tune which instantly impressed me as being one of great simplicity ; and I thought that with a great choir, either of children or older per- sons, such a tune would be very valuable, and that something good might come out of it. I just glanced at the German words at the foot of the page, and saw, without actually reading them, that they were patriotic. It occurred to me to write a patriotic hymn in English adapted to this tune. I reached out my left hand to a table that stood near me, and picked up a scrap of waste paper, — for I have a passion for writing on scraps of waste paper : there seems to be a kind of an inspiration in them, — and immediately began to write. In half an hour, as I think, — certainly, before I took my seat, — the words stood upon the paper sub- stantially as you have them to-day. I did not think very much of the words. I did not think I had writ- ten a national hymn. 1 had no intention of doing such a thing, but there it stood. I dropped it into my portfolio, and it passed out of my memory : and for a long time it did not come into my mind that I liad done any such thing. Some time afterward, while visiting Boston, I took with me a collection of hymns and songs which I had written for my friend Mason, — ' Murmur, Gentle Lyre,' was one of them, — and placed them in his hands. I think this little waif must have found its way into that collection ; but I was none the wiser for it, and never asked what he had done or was going to do with it. On the following Fourth of |ulv, however, while passing Park Street Church, MEN OK PROGRESS. I go: where a celebration 1)\- cliildreii was goinj; (in, 1 discovered tiiat Mr. Mason had put my h\-nin on the programme ; and at the close of the cerenionv the piece was sung." The hymn was put into a collection of songs for use in schools, published by Mr. Mason, and soon became known in other cities and countries. Subsequently it was repro- duced in various foreign languages. The same year, 1832, when at Andover, Dr. Smith wrote his famous missionary hymn, " The Morning Light is Breaking," which also has been translated into sev- eral languages ; and he translated from the German most of his pieces in the " Juvenile Lyre " published S, F. SMITH. that year. He wrote in all some si.v hundred sacred, patriotic, and miscellaneous poems, which were published in various collections, under the title of "Lyric Gems" (Boston, 1843), " Ihe Psalmist" (1843), and -'Rock of Ages" (i860, second edition 1877); 'T""^' hymns from hi.s pen are found in the hymn-books of nearly all Chris- tian denominations. He also published in 1848 a "Life of Rev. Joseph Grafton," from 1879 '^o 1883 "Missionary Sketches," in 1880 the "His- tory of Newton, Mass.," and in 1884 "Rambles in Mission Fields " : and he was a quite constant contributor to periodicals. He was an accom- plished linguist, being well acquainted with fifteen languages. 'l"he work of Christian missions oc- cupied the larger part of his later years ; and he made two journeys abroad, the first in 1875 and the second in 1880, visiting the chief missionary stations in Europe and Asia. He received the honorary degree of D.U. from Waterville College in 1854. Dr. Smith was married at Haverhill. September 16, 1834, to Miss Mary White Smith, grand-daughter of Dr. Hezekiah Smith, a minister in Haverhill for forty years. They had six chil- dren, three .sons and three daughters. The sons were : S. Francis, now a banker of Davenport, la. ; Ewing Underwood, a druggist in Chicago ; and Daniel Appleton White Smith, a missionary in Burmah, where he has charge of the school for native preachers ; and the daughters : Mary White (deceased), the wife of the Rev. H. M. Jones, of Cedar Falls, la. ; Sarah B., widow of J. D. Can- dee, late editor of the Bridgeport (Conn.) Stan- ilanl : and Carrie E., wife of Professor ]. F. Morton, of Andover. On April 3, 1895, Dr. Smith was given two public testimonials in Boston, one in the afternoon and one in the evening, in honor of his authorship of "America"; and on that day the hymn was sung by school children in all parts of the countrv, from Maine to California. STE.\RNS, William Saint Agnax, of Salem, member of the bar, was born in Salem, September 27, 1822, son of Richard Sprague and Theresa (Saint Agnan) Stearns. His grandfather, \Mlliam Stearns, graduated at Harvard College in the class of 1776. His education was acquired in the Salem Latin School, at Dummer .Academy, and at Harvard College, graduating in the class of 1841. He studied law in the office of Emory Washburn in Worcester, and with Nathan Hazen at -Andover, and at the Dane Law School at Cambridge; and he was admitted to the Essex County bar at Ipswich in 1846. He began practice in Prince- ton, 111., where he remained tw-o years. Return- ing to Massachusetts, he practised for a year in South Reading, then for a while in Maiden, finally settling in Charlestown, where he continued in active practice, with an oftice also in Boston part of the time, till the annexation of Charles- town to Boston in 1874. During the last three vears of the corporate existence of Charlestown he was city solicitor, and ably performed the duties of that office. He was associated for a number of years with John Q. .\. Griffin ; and in ioo8 MEN OF PROGRESS. 1868, two years after the death of Mr. Griffin, he formed a partnership with John Haskell Butler, which continued till January, 1892, when he re- W. S. A. STEARNS. tired from practice. He has since been devoted to his private affairs and his real estate in Maiden, Charlestown, Everett, Somerville, Salem, and Mar- blehead, the development of which he began some years ago, and which has much enhanced in \alue under his prudent management. Mr. Stearns was married in Maiden, May 10, 1849, to Miss H. Em- ily Whitman. His home in Salem is in the house built by his great-grandfather, Joseph Sprague, in 175°- _^ STEVENS, Herbert Elliott, of Boston, manager of the Mercantile Mutual Accident Asso- ciation, was born in North Bridgewater, July 27, 1870, son of George W. and Sarah J. (Elliott) Stevens. He was educated in the public schools of Brockton and at a Boston commercial college. After leaving school, he became a page in the State Senate, serving through the sessions of 1888 and 1889 ; and from that position he was promoted to the assistant clerkship of the Senate, in which station he served four years, — 1890-93. He be- came connected with the Preferred Accident In- surance Company of New York, N.Y., in 1893, as the New England manager, and is now secretary and general manager of the Mercantile Mutual Accident Association of Boston. He is promi- nently connected with the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and the American Legion of Honor, and is a past commander of the Sons of Veterans. In politics he is an active Republican, and is connected with numerous party organiza- tions, among them the Plymouth County Repub- lican Campaign Committee, of which he was secre- tary until his resignation upon removing from the county, and the Plymouth, Norfolk, and Middle- se.x clubs. He is a member of the Highland Club H, E. STEVENS. of West Roxbur\', where he resides. Mr. Stevens was married September 15, 1 891, to Miss Marie \\'ales Nash, of Whitman. They have one son : Charles Dexter Stevens. TUCKER, Georce Fox, of New Bedford and Boston, member of the bar, was born in New Bedford, January 19, 1852, son of Charles Russell and Dorcas (Fry) Tucker. The family have been members of the Society of Friends, or Quakers, since 1660, since which period seven successive generations have lived either in New Bedford or in the adjoining town of Dartmouth. MKN OF I'K()(;resS. 1009 He was educated at the Friends' Academy in New- Bedford, the Friends' School in I'roNidence, R.I., and at Brown University, graduating in 1873. He studied law in the office of (ieorge Marston and William W. Crape, New Bedford, and at the Boston University Law School, where he gradu- ated LL.B. in 1875. He was admitted to the Bristol County bar the following year, and began practice in New Bedford. He continued there till 1882, when he removed his office to Boston, and became associated with his former preceptor, the Hon. George Marston, who was at that time attorney-general of the Commonwealth. In 1892 he was appointed reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court. Mr. Tucker has pub- lished a number of legal works which have given him a wide reputation ui the profession. His first volume was "A Manual of Wills," published in 1884, a book of Massachusetts law accepted as an authority on the subject. This was shortly followed by a monograph on the " Monroe Doc- trine." In 1888 "A Manual of Business Corpo- rations" appeared, and in i88g "Notes on the United States Revised Statutes," brousrht out (Quaker llrmu, ' the scene of which is laid in New Bedfortl. In that city, where he has always re- sided, with the exception of two or three years, Mr. Tucker served on the School Committee in 1 88 1 ; and he was a representative for the city in the State Legislature for 1890-91-92. In the latter body he served on the committees on bills HI the third reading, rules, and constitutional amendments. He has received the degree of Ph.D. from Brown University in recognition of his literary productions. He is a member of the St. Botolph, University, and Press clubs of Boston and of the Wamsutta Club of New Bedford. He is unmarried. GEORGE F. TUCKER. jointly with John M. Gould, which has had a cir- culation almost unprecedented in legal literature. He is also the author of a novel entitled " .\ WADE, Lkvi Cm [•■fori 1, of Boston, member of the Suffolk bar and second president of the Mexican Central Railroad, was born in Alle- gheny, Penna., January 16, 1843 ; died in New- ton, March 21, 1891. He was of early New Eng- land ancestry, his father Levi Wade, born in Woburn, being descended from early settlers in Medford, where they were large land-owners, and his mother, A. .\nnie ( Rogers) Wade, being a descendant of the Rev. John Rogers, of Ipswich, president of Har\ard College from April, 1682, to the date of his death. July 2, 1684. Mr. Wade's father was a successful merchant, and his mother was widely esteemed for her musical and literary attainments and her benevolent works. He was educated at home and in the public .schools until he reached the age of thirteen, and after that, until his nineteenth year, under private tutors and at the Lewisburg University, Pennsyl- vania, now Bucknell University, where he passed through the freshman, sophomore, and junior classes. Then he entered Yale College, and grad- uated in the class of 1866 with special honors. While in college, he was one of the editors of the )(?/(■ Literary Magazim-, and took several prizes in debate, declamation, and composition, .\fter his graduation he studied Greek and Hebrew ex- egesis for one year under Dr. H. B. Hackett and theology for a year under Dr. Alvah Hovey, of Newton. From 1868 to 1873 he taught school in Newton, and at the same time studied law. Admitted to the Suffolk bar September 11, 1873, he at once began professional work, employed in the law practice of J, W. Richardson. He re- mained with Mr. Richardson for two years, and then opened an office of his own. From 1877 to 1880 he was associated with John Quincy Adams lOIO MEN UK I'Ro(;ki:ss. Brackett, under the firm name of Wade & Brack- et! ; and after 1880 he confined himself excki- sively to railway law and management, becoming counsel for the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe', the Atlantic il- Pacific, the Sonora, and the Mexi- can Central Railway companies. He was one of the four projectors and original owners of the property now embraced in the Mexican Central Railway, and was president and general counsel of the corporation at the time of his death. He was also a director of the railroad companies above mentioned, and of the Cincinnati, San- dusky, & Cleveland Railroad. He served in the LEVI C. WADE. Massachusetts Legislature, as a representative for Newton, for four successive years (1876-79), the last year occupying the speakership of the House, the youngest man that has ever held that position in the Legislature of this State. Among other positions which he held was that of direc- tor of the General Theological Library. His death occurred at a time when he had large in- terests in hand, and was successfully developing the great railroad property of which he was the official head. Upon this event the directors of the Mexican Central caused to be spread upon the records a series of extended resolutions ex- pressing their " appreciation of his lovalty to this company, and his worth as a man." These reso- lutions relate that " at the commencement of the building of the Mexican Central Railroad, in 1880, Mr. Wade was its attorney, and in that position displayed remarkable skill and sagacity. In 1884, upon the retirement of Thomas Nickerson from the presidency, Mr. Wade was elected to fill the vacancy. He assumed the position under circum- stances discouraging and disheartening. The railroad was not earning the interest on its first mortgage bonds. The compan\' was heavily in debt, and its credit was gone. Mr. Wade, as its president, threw himself, with all his power and energy, into the reorganization of the securities. Upon this he worked incessantly, and succeeded in reorganizing the whole bonded debt. He built the Guadalajara branch, he finished the Tampico branch, and he completed his plans for the im- provement of Tampico Harbor. And, still more, he managed, on a most satisfactory basis for this company, a settlement in cash with the govern- ment of Mexico for all the subsidy due from the Mexican government to this corporation, — in amount over $14,000,000, — the last draft having been paid the day before his death. Passing in review his connection with this company, com- mencing with its organization as its attorney, and later as its president, he met every demand. He mastered and was successful in the details of rail- road work, he built branch roads, and he de- veloped and carried to success large schemes of finance. He adapted himself to all these with a quickness and accuracy seldom, if ever, equalled in the history of railroad management. Amid all the large work in which he was engaged, Mr. Wade was simple in his nature, courteous and gentlemanly in his manners, and easily ap- proached by the humblest person. He showed at all times the fullest integrity and honesty of purpose, and was as magnanimous as he was broad in his conduct of affairs. He was a man of large attainments and great general knowledge. His mind worked quickly, and he had wonderful power in grasping new subjects and carrying them to a successful issue. He worked assiduously for the company, but he never failed to recognize the touch of other interests affected by the com- pany. His whole life was based on religious con- viction. He believed, and went forward to carry out his belief. He wanted to do the right, and wrong of every kind shocked and grieved him. His place in this company cannot easily be filled." MEN OK I'KOGRKSS. lOI I Mr. Wade was married in Bath, Me., November i6, 1869, to Miss Margaret Rogers, daughter of the Hon. William and Lydia ( Elliot ) Rogers. They had four children : Arthur C. William R., Levi C, Ir., and Robert N. Wade. W'KLLS, Bknjamix Williams, of lioston, mer- chant, was born in Boston, October 15, 1861, son of P. Francis and Isabella (Reed) Wells. He is a descendant of Pierre Wells, an early settler of Truro, Mass., and on the maternal side of Andrew Reed, one of the first settlers of Boothbay, Me. BENJ. W. WELLS. His early education was acquired at Chauncy Hall School, and he was fitted for college at Hopkin- son's School. He graduated from Har\'ard in the class of 1884. He entered business life soon after graduation, and in 1886 became a member of the firm of E. Williams & Co., one of the oldest in Boston, — established in 1825, — engaged in the South American trade, and ship-owners. Subse- quently he also became interested in the Boston .\utomatic Fire Alarm Company, and is now treasurer of the corporation. He is actively con- cerned in political matters, being chairman of the Ward Eleven (Boston) Democratic committee, which position he has held for the past five years. and a member of the Democratic State Committee. He was one of the founders of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Massachusetts, and is now chairman of the executive committee, having pre- viously served for three years as secretary of the club. He is a firm believer in the future of Bos- ton, and is convinced that great good would be accomplished if more business men would give some attention to politics. Mr. Wells is a mem- ber of the Boston Chamber of Commerce and of the Athletic, Puritan, and Exchange clubs. He is unmarried. \\'H1TTIER, Chaulks, of Boston, manufact- urer, is a native of Maine, born in Vienna, Kenne- bec County, November 26, 1829, son of John Brodhead and Lucy (Graham) Whittier. His father, a farmer, was also a native of Vienna, born in 1800. His first ancestors in America were Thomas and Ruth (Green) Whittier, Thomas coming from England to New England in 1638, at the age of sixteen. From the same stock the poet Whittier descended. His mother was of an old Walpole (Mass.) family. Mr. \\'hittier was educated in the public schools of Roxbury and Boston, and at seventeen began a regular apprenticeship at the machinist's trade, in works where steam-engines, boilers, and general machin- ery were made, which covered three years. Dur- ing this service he also studied engineering, and for two years attended the drawing-school of the Lowell Institute in Boston. His apprenticeship completed, he continued with the firm with which he had learned his trade, as a journeyman, and the next few years travelled throughout the East- ern and Northern States, erecting steam-engines and machinery. In 1859 he was made superin- tendent of the works, and admitted to partnership in the firm, the firm name then becoming Camp- bell, Whittier, & Co. Fifteen years later the business was incorporated, with Mr. Whittier as president and manager, under the name of the Whittier Machine Company, by which it has since been known. Mr. A\'hittier was one of the earliest to engage in the development of the passenger and freight elevator, and many of the improve- ments in these machines, whereby their speed, safety, and comfort have been increased, were invented by him. He has received a number of medals from industrial exhibitions : the " first degree of merit, special," silver medal from the International Exhibition at Sydney, .\ustralia. IOI2 MEN OF PROGRESS. in 1S79. for his steam p;issenger L-lf\atiir .md engine, liie first of its kind shown in Austr;ilia ; :\ gold medal from the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association for his steam elevator exhibited at the Fourteenth Exhibition of this or- ganization in 1 881 ; a gold medal for his new hydro-electric elevator at the Sixteenth Exhibition of the Mechanic Association in 1887 ; bronze medal for the hydro-electric elevator at the Seven- teenth Exhibition of the same association in iSgi ; gold medal from the Middlesex Mechanics' Exhi- bition at Lowell, in 1867, for the Miller's patent elevator of his make ; and a diploma from the Massachusetts (haritalile Mechanic Association, and a member of the American Society of Me- chanical Engineers. He was also for a long period a member of the executive committee of the Board of Trustees of Tufts College : a trustee of Dean Academy, Franklin ; and a trustee and vice-president of the Eliot Savings IJank, Roxbury District, Boston. He was a member of the State Senate in 1884, serving as chairman of the com- mittee on manufactures and member of the committee on the treasury. In politics he is a Republican, and in religious faith a l^niversalist. He has been a member of the First L'niversalist Society of Roxbury for forty years. He married, June 7, 1855, Miss Eliza Isabel Campbell, daughter of Benjamin F. Campbell, of Roxburv. CHARLES WHITTIER. Augusta (Ga.) Exposition in 1891 for his direct- acting double-screw electric elevator. Mr. Whittier built the first engine that went up the railway on Mt. Washington, White Mountains, N.H. ; and this same engine the year before sawed the lumber that was used for the track-way. The present works of his company, at South Boston, are now equipped with extensive plants for machine-build- ing, especially adapted to the manufacture of steam, hydraulic, and electric elevators. His success in machine-making and in inventions is attributed to his close application, added to enthu- siasm for applied mechanics. Mr. Whittier has been for many years an acti\e member of the ^\TNCH, John Francis, of Boston, boot and shoe merchant, was born in Acton, November 27, 1838, third son of John and Mary (Russell) Winch. His early life was spent on his father's farm, and his education was obtained at the dis- trict school. At the age of sixteen he began busi- ness life as a clerk in a country store in \\'ayland, where he worked from early morning to late at night, acquiring a good training, .\fter a year in this occupation he returned home, and took an- other term at school. Then he went to Concord, and was employed for three years in a dry-goods store in that town. Thence he came to Bo.ston in 1863, and entered the wholesale boot and shoe house of Henry Damon, with whom his brother, Joseph R. \\'inch, had begun his Boston career. He soon displayed marked aptitude for the busi- ness ; and in 1866, but three years after his first engagement, he was admitted to partnership by Mr. Damon, the firm name becoming Damon is: Co. In 1868 the partnership was dissolved; and he joined his brother in the house which the lat- ter founded, the firm name being changed from Hosmer & Winch to Hosmer & Winch Brothers, and later, upon the retirement of Mr. Hosmer. becoming Winch Brothers as it has since re- mained. Of the great business which the firm conducts he has had experience in every depart- ment, which has given him a firm grasp on all details ; and he has devoted especial attention to the management of the financial aftairs of the concern. In the musical world Mr. \\'inch is widely known as a vocalist, a rich baritone, hav- ing taken a part in concerts of high standard in .MKN OF I'ROGRESS. 1013 many of the leadinj; cities of the country. He sang in the choir of the Rev. Dr. Edward R. Hale's church in Boston for twentv-three years : ing this avocation with success in various towns of Middiese.x (Jounty. In 1858, when he was thirty- three years of age, he came to Ko.ston, and entered the employ of Henry Damon, a boot and shoe job- ijcr, with whom he remained four years. Then, in 1862, forming a partnership with George Hosmer. under the firm name of Hosmer & Winch, he started in the business for himself. Through his practical knowledge of boot and shoe making and his energy, the business rapidly developed, and steady success followed. In 1868 his brother. John F. Winch, who as a partner of Henry Damon had achieved a marked success in the same line of business, was admitted to the partnership, the firm name becoming Hosmer & Winch Brothers. Mr. Hosmer retired in 1875, when the name became U'inch Brothers, as at present. Mr. Winch's first store was on Milk Street in the line now covered by the post-office. Thence the firm moved to Federal Street, wliere it was established when the " great fire of 1872 " swept through the heart of the busi- ness quarter of the city. The store and contents were totally destroyed, incurring a heavy loss, for the greater part of the insurance carried by the JOHN F. WINCH. and his services in other church choirs, as well as in concerts, have been in large demand for a long period. He was a charter member of the Apollo Club, Boston, and is still a member of that soci- ety. Mr. Winch was married in Boston, June 7, 1869, to Miss Kate Rametti. They ha\e one daughter : Mabel Winch. \\ INCH, Joseph Rtsseli,, of Boston, boot and shoe merchant, was born in I'rinceton. .April 14, 1825, son of John and Mary (Russell) Winch. He was the second in a family of three scms and four daughters. His father was a farmer, anil his boyhood was spent on a thrifty .\ew Kngland farm. He received his education in the district school. When he reached the age of twenty-one, he left home and went to W'ayland, where he con- tinued some time at farm work, and also served an apprenticeship in the boot and shoe making trade. Possessing natural musical talent, which he had carefully cultivated, he devoted his leisure time during this period and after he had finished his apprenticeship to teaching vocal music, follow- JOSEPH R. WINCH. house was in Boston companies, most of whom were unable to meet the drafts upon them : but iminediatelv after the fire the old I'.oston Lancers' IOI4 MEN OF PROGRESS. Armory on Sudbury Street was rented by the firm, and fitted for its business, wliich went on as be- fore with but few days' interruption. In 1874 the firm returned to Federal Street, having there two stores, Nos. 130 and 134. The rapid growth of the business necessitated repeated enlargements, — the adjoining store being added in 1878, — until now it occupies the entire six floors and basement of these buildings, giving a total floor space of more than an acre and a quarter. The business at the present time employs ninety-five persons, and is represented by five travelling sales- men : and the goods of the house — boots, shoes, and rubbers — are sold in all parts of the United States and Canada and in Europe. Mr. XA'inch continued his interest in music after his removal to P!oston. He was a charter member of the .\pollo Club, and has always been active in its be- half ; and his voice has been heard most accept- ably in the choirs of various Boston churches. He was married September 13, 1846. to Miss Mary E. Carver, of Wayland. They have one daughter: Mary Ella, who married September 13. 1870, George Fred Winch. WINSOR, Justin, of Cambridge, librarian of Harvard College and historical writer, was born in IJoston, January 2, 183 1, son of Nathaniel and Ann T. H. W'insor. He was fitted for college at the Boston Latin School, and entered Har\ard in the class of 1853. He ne.xt went abroad, and completed his studies in Paris and at Heidelberg, Germany. In 1868 he was appointed superintend- ent of the Boston Public Library, and continued in charge of that institution for nearly ten years, resigning in 1877 to take the position of librarian of the Harvard College Library, in wiiicli he has since remained. He has held a leading place among American librarians for many years, and has contributed much to what is called library science, and has delivered addresses on this topic at the dedication of the library buildings of the University of Michigan, the North-western Lhiiver- sity, and elsewhere. He w'as one of the founders of the American Library Association, and presi- dent of the organization from 1876-86. He has served also as president of the American Histori- cal Association, and as corresponding secretary of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and is at present its vice-president. He has been a prolific writer on historical subjects, particularly in the department of Americana, and has done much im- portant work as an editor. His list of publica- tions includes: the " History of Duxbury, Mass.,'' published in 1849; an address, "The Mayflower Town," made on the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the same town : " Bibliography of the Original C^uartos and Folios of Shakespeare" (1876); "Reader's Handbook of the American Revolution, 1761 to 1783" (1879): "Was Shakespeare Shapleigh ? A Correspondence in Two Entanglements " (1886), a skit aimed at the Baconian theorv. He has published many pamphlets, among which JUSTIN WINSOR. may be mentioned : " Governor Bradford's Man- uscript History of Plymouth Plantation," " Ar- nold's Expedition against Quebec, 1775-76," " The Manuscript Sources of American History," "Notes on the Spurious Letters of Montcalm," " The Earliest Printed Books on New England," " The New England Indians, a Bibliographical Survey, 1630-1700," "The Perils of Historical Research." "The Rival Claimants for North America," "The Pageant of Saint Lusson," "The Cartographical History of the North-eastern Boundary Controversy." He was the editor of the " Memorial History of Boston." four vol- umes (1880-82), to which he contributed numer- MEN OF PROGRESS. IOI5 ous historical notes and other matter ; and of the "Narrative and Critical History of America," in eight volumes (1883-89), in the preparation of which he wrote a large part himself, and had the co-operation of a committee of the Massachusetts Historical Society. He has edited the " Harvard University Bulletin" since 1877, and "Biblio- graphical Contributions," also since 1877, to which publications he has contributed " Shakes- peare's Poems," " Pietas et Gratiilatio : Inquiry into the Authorship of Several Pieces," " Halli- welliana," " Bibliography of Ptolemy's Geog- raphy," "The Kohl Collection of Early Maps," and a " Calendar of the Sparks Manuscripts in Harvard College Library.'' He also edited the "Record of the 250th Anniversary of the Found- ing of Harvard College" (1887), and has deliv- ered three commemorative addresses before Har- vard University, one on the centennial of Wash- ington's inaugural, a second on the Columbian anniversary, and a third in honor of Prancis Parkman, at the time of that historian's death. They have all been printed. He has also written a "Life of Christopher Columbus," "From Car- tier to Fontenac,'' and "The Mississippi Basin." These volumes bring down to the peace of Paris, 1763, a historv of North .\merica. with particular reference to the way in which the physiography of the continent has shaped its destiny. The series is to be continued. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. in 1886 from the L'niversity of Michigan, and the same degree from Williams College on the occasion of its centennial. Mr. Winsor was married in 1855 to Miss Caroline T. Barker, daughter of Ebenezer and Sally (Fuller) Barker. WOLF, Bernard Mark, of Boston, merciiant. was born in Boston, February 17, 1862, son of Jacob and Augusta (Prager) Wolf. He is of Ger- man ancestry. He was educated in the Boston public schools, passing through the Rice Training and the English High schools. He left school at the age of seventeen, and engaged with his father in the retail clothing trade. In 1882, when he was but twenty years of age, he was admitted as a partner in one of his father's stores, and a.s- sumed entire charge of it. In 1884 he withdrew from the firm, and started in business alone, as a manufacturer of clothing. In .August. 1886, lie re-entered the retail trade, opening iiis store at No. 60 Washinoton Street, on the corner of Han- over Street. Three years later he purchased the store on Portland and Hanover Streets, and added that to his growing business. After a while the strain of conducting both establishments became greater than he could bear; and in 1891 he dis- posed of the store on the Hanover and Washington Street corner, and withdrew from active work for a year and a half. Since that time he has given his entire attention to his remaining store, famil- iarly known as the Massachusetts Clothing Com- pany, " My Clothier." Mr. Wolf has served in the lower house of the Legislature one term, 1892. In politics he is a stanch Democrat. He BERNARD M. WOLF. is an active member of the Young Men's Demo- cratic Club of Massachusetts, and has served on its executive conmiittee since 1892. He has been president of the Young Men's Hebrew Union, a director of the Young Men's Hebrew Associa- tion, and director of the Moses Montefiore Home and Aid Society. He is a Freemason, member of Zetland Lodge : an Odd Fellow, belonging to the Bunker Hill Lodge and Encampment ; a member of the Bay State Lodge, Free Sons of Israel : a member of the Elysium Club and of the Megan- tic Fish and Game Club. He has been an exten- sive traveller in this country and in Europe. Mr. Wolf is unmarried. ADDENDA AND ERRATA. Arbott, S. a. I!.— pp. 9. 10. In 9th line, p. 10. the date 1876 should be 1867. Mr. Abbott resigned from the lloard of 'I'rustees of the Boston Public Library May I, 1895. Alger, A. B. — pp. 13. 14. Died May. ICS95. .\mory, Robert. — p. 704. In loth line dele the words "daughter of." Atwood, H. H. — pp. 706. 707. In 13th line, p. 707. instead of '-the youngest member," etc.. read "one of the youngest members"; in 23d line insert "the late" before "John .\ugust." R.vnsoN, 1". M. — pp. 100, loi. .\ppointed city solicitor of Boston by Mayor Curtis in 1895. Bailev. a. J. — pp. 17, 18. Appointed corporation counsel by Mayor Curtis in 1895. Bailev, D. p. — pp. 196, 197. Dele i3th-i5th lines, "For a year before," etc.. to end of the sentence: in i8th line, 2d col. p. 197. date should be 1867 instead of 1886: in 26th line, for "has been" read "was": in 34th line add "and Beauseau Commandery. ' Barrett, W. E. — pp. 19, 20. Elected to Congress for the Seventh Massachusetts District, November, 1894. Barrows, R. S. — p. 541. In iith line "eighty-three" should be "eighty-five." Bi.ACKMER, John'. — pp. 283-285. Died April, 1895. Brad\. Jamks, Jr. — pp. 371, 372. In 2d and 3d lines, p. 372, dele "and by President Cleveland in 1894"; in 5th line add "association" after "regiment." BfKKE, Francis. — p. 850. In the gth line, 2d col, after "Club" insert "of Brighton." He is also president of the Brighton Social Club. Burra(;e. .\r,i:ERr C. — p. 851. In last line, after •• H." insert comma. Chagnon. J. B. — pp. 629, 630. In the 17th line read " L'Assoniption " for "St. Assomption " : in ne.xt line read " Beique " for "Beigue." Copeland, Alfred M. — pp. 291, 292. In 17th line. 2d col., p. 291, date 1883 should be 1879. Crocker, Geori;e G. — pp. 31, ^2. .\ppointed by Governor tireenhalge in July. 1894, chairman of the Boston Transit Commission. Crocker, U. H. — pp. 34, 35. .\cld to his list of publications, "'The Cause of Hard Times,' published in 1895." Cros.sle\', .\rthur W". ~ p. 861. \o longer connected with the firm of Wright, Brown, & Crossley. In loth line, 2d col., in place of ".Senator M'illiam E. Chandler, of New Hampshire." read " W. E. Chandlee, of Washington." Cu.MMiNGs. Eustace. — p. 739. In 25th line, in place of "December, 1862," read " May, 1864." Dearborn, Alvah B. — pp. 559, 560. In 3d line " .Vlvira " should be "Elvira." Dever, John F. — pp. 745-747. Elected clerk of committees, City Council, Jan- uary, 1896. DvER, Benjamin F. — pp. 562, 563. In ist and 2d lines, in place of "insurance agent " read " secretary and general manager of the New England Mutual Accident Association of Boston." IOl8 ADDENDA AND ERRATA. Fay, J. M. — pp. 29S, 299. "Is." instead of "has been." a trustee of the Hampshire Bank. FncH, Robert G. — pp. 45. 46. Service as chairman of the Board of Fire Com- missioners closed in July, 1895, upon the establishment of a single-headed commission. Frothingham, O. B. — pp. 478, 479. Died November 27, 1895. Gargan. Thoma.s J. — p. 479. Appointed by Governor Greenhalge in July, 1894, a member of the Boston Transit Commission. Gkorge, Elijah. — pp. 50, 51. Dele "Algonquin and Abstract" in list of clubs. GiLMAN, Nicholas P. — pp. 51. 52. Retired from the editorship of the Literary World in July, 1895, upon removal to Meadville, Penna., where he is now Hackley professor of Sociology and Ethics in the Theological School there. Married June 20, 1895, to Mary Sherwood Stubbs, of Concord, N.H. Glasier, Alfred .A.. — pp. 763, 764. In 14th line, 2d col., p. 764, for "vice-presi- dent "' read " president " ; in ne.xt line for "Maryland Eclectic" read "Edison Electric Illuminating"; add to list of clubs " the Maryland Club of Baltimore." Greenhalge, Frederic T. — pp. 52, 53. Re-elected governor for second term in 1894, and for third term in 1895. Hasi'on, Erasmus. — pp. 391, 392. Died March 13, 1895, HijGNER, Rich. — pp. 773, 774. In 17th line, p. 774, for "Adolf 11." read "2d Adolf." H0L.MES, A. R. — pp. 399, 400. Died November 11, 1894. Howe, 0.scar F. — pp. 776, 777. In 3d line read " 20 " for " 24." Houghton, H. O. — pp. 58. 59. Died .August 25, 1895. Hutchinson, George. — pp. 227, 228. In 2d line, ist col., p. 228. date 1891 should be 1881. Knight, Horatio G. — pp. 408, 409. Died C)ctober 16, 1895. Larrahee. John. — pp. "409, 410. In 12th line, ist col., p. 410. date 1883 should be i886 ; also in the 15th line. Lawrence, William B. — pp. 410. 411. In 20th line, 1st col., p. 411, captain- general should be generalissimo; in 21st line "senior" should be "junior"; in 22d line insert " PSoston " before "Lafayette." LiBBEY, HosEA \\. — pp. 583, 584. Married second, November i, 1869, \'iolet G. Bancroft, of \\'orcester. The daughter, Vinnietta J., is of the second union. Lincoln, J. B. — pp. 150, 151. Died October, 1S95. Long, Charles L. — p. 320. Mayor of Springfield in 1895. Lord, Eliot. — p. 69. Retired from the editorship of the Etch///!:; Diivcllcr in 1895. McGlenen, H. a. — pp. 72, 73. Died March 24. 1894. Miles, C. Edwin. — pp. 593, 594. In 31st line, 2d col., p. 594, insert "eclectic" after "Massachusetts." Miner, Rev. A. A. — pp. 74, 75. Died June, 1895. Mott, J. Varnum. — p. 593- In loth line. 2d col., insert after "club" "supreme trustee and a " ; in irth and 12th lines dele "chairman of the trustees of the Twenty-five Associates." Munroe, William A. — p. 163. In 5th line, instead of "the," read "his"; in i8th and 19th lines, 2cl col., instead of "a trustee," read "president of the Board of Trustees," etc. Murray, M. J. — pp. 506, 507. In 12th line, 2d col., p. 507, date 1884 should be 1888. Needham, Daniel.-- pp. 76, 77. Died P"ebruary 20, 1895. NoYES, Charles J. — pp. 163, 164. Also admitted to the Middlesex County bar in Cambridge the year of his admittance to the bar in Providence, R.I. ADDENDA AND ERRATA. O'Mkaka. Siioi'iiEN. — pp. 77, 7cS. Retired from the management of the Boston Journal March i6, 1895; reinstated December 31, 1895. Page, Georcf. H. — p. 166. Married April 29, 1895, Miss Bessie A. Chase, daughter of the late Charles A. ("hase, of New Haven, Conn. Paine. Robert Treat. — pp. 79, 80. "Great-great-grandson," instead of "grand- son," of Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declaration of Independence. Posse, Karon Nils. — pp. gio, 911. Died December 18, 1895. Prince, Frederick O. — pp. 84, 85. Elected chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Boston Public Librarj- in October, 1895. PR(,)croR. T. W. — pp. 85, 86. "Assistant solicitor" instead of " citv solicitor" of Boston, 1891-94. Is now married. PiTEFER, Ldrinc W. — pp. 249, 250. Cliainiian of the Republican city committee of Brockton also in 1884-85. Rav.mond, John M. — pp. 250, 251. In 28th line word "grocery" should be " crockery." Rice, Alexander H. — pp. 88, 89. Died July 22, 1895. RoBMN, Stephen Herbert. — pp. 517, 518. Dele 2d-4tli lines, -of which the Rew Dr. Alonzo A. Miner is senior pastor." Savace, M. J. — pp. 1000-1003. Resigned from the Church of the Unity pulpit in January, 1896, to accept call to New York. Sawver, Edward. — pp. 683, 684. 685. Insert in 37th line, p. 685, "He is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers." SoHiER, William D. — pp. 178, 179. Became president of the Boston Joiinuil cor- poration in December, 1895. Spencer, A. W. — p. 180. Died July, 1895. Spofford, John C. — pp. 180-182. In 39th line, ist col., p. 181, insert "Hospital" after " Massachusetts." Spraoue, a. B. R. — pp. 346, 347. In 41st line, 2d col., p. 347. date 1876 should be 1877. S\\TFr. John L. — pp. 183, 1S4. Died February 19, 1895. Trask, J. L. R. — pp. 351, 352. In 33d line, 1st col., p. 352, the word "Springfield " should be " Boston." WHinTN(;TON, Hiram. — p. 6x6. One of the organizers of the Beacon i'rust Com- pany, incorporated 1893, and member of the executive committee since its formation. WoLCOir, Roger. — pp. 103, 104. Re-elected lieutenant governor of the State in November, 1895. Woods, E. H. — p. 105. Retired from the business management of the Boston Herald in 1895. WooLF. Benjamin E. — p. 106. Retired from the editorship of the Saturday Evening Gazette in 1894. Now musical critic of the Boston Heralil. lOig INDEX. PACK Alilidll, Jcliii I'. 447 Ahlioll, I. i; 107 Abbott. John II 701 Abbott. .S. A. 1: 9 .\brahani, F 44,S - .•Vtlaiii, Robert W. .... 361 .Vdams, Charle.s K 361 Adams, C. F., 2d 939 .\dams, George S 537 Adams, Melvin 939 Adams, W. F 275 Adams, \V. T 10 Adams, \Vm. \V 702 Adams. /.. lioylston 703 Akarman, John \ 275 Alden, Cieorge D 44S .\ldeii, George N 362 .\ldrich, S. N loS Alger, A. 1! 13 Allen, Charles A 276- AUen. F'rank 1) 940 Allen, I,. K 619 Allen, Montressor T 833 Allen, (.)rrin 1* 277 Allen, Thomas 610 .\mes, F'red 1 14 .Vmes. F. M 449 .Vmes, Oliver ....... 941 .\mory, Charles 11 537 .\mory, Robert 704 .■\ndersen. Christian I' S33 Anderson, G. \V 538 .-\ndersson. Andrew 539 .Andrews, Kdward R 834 .\ngell, George T 450 .\ngier, i.. II 943 .\nthony, Fklmund, Jr 363 Anthony, S. Reed 834 Appleton, F'rancis II 704 .•Vppleton. Samuel 109 Armstrong, George W 16 Arnold. Henry 363 .-Vshley, Charles .S 364 .'\twood, George V. 540 .\twood, H. H 706 Austin, James \V 621 .■\yers, George 1) 195 Uabcock, J. H 110 Babcock, lames F 835 I'.abson, T. M no I'Ar.K Bacon, Chas. X 19^ Bacon, Kdwin M 836 Bailey, A. J 17 Bailey, Dudley 1' 196 liailey, E. \V 452 Bailey, HoUis R 944 Bailey, Horace 1' 365 Bailey. James A., Jr 453 Baird, John C 94^ Baker, Herbert 1 S37 Baker, John I S37 Baker, William H 707 Baldwin, John S 27S Baldwin, William H 946 Ballou, M. R iS Bangs, E. A . 197 Barbour, William S40 Barnard, Fxlward H 340 Barnes, Lewis E 365 Barney, E. 1 366 Barrett, Harry H [^^ Barrett, Wm. E iS Barrows, R. S 341 Barry, David F 455 Barta, L 622 Bartlett, Clarence S 841 Bartlett, Nathaniel C 198 Bartlett. Ralph S 841 Bartlett, Wilbert -S 70S Bartol, Cyrus A 20 Barton, C. C 622 Bassetl, J. M 279 Batchelder. Henry F 708 Bates, Edward C 2S0 Bates. J. 1 623 Bates. 1.. li 456 Beach, H. 11. .\ 709 Beal, John V 709 Beal, Melvin 199 Bean, J. W 542 Beebe, Henry J 281 Belden, V. Flngene 842 Bennett, l^dmund H 947 Bennett, Joseph 21 Bennett, J. C 200 Benson, F'rank W 542 Bent, Charles M 281 Bent. William H 366 Bicknell, A. II 624 Bigelow, George 1! 710 Bigelow, Jonathan 21 fAOK Bigelow. Melville M 23 Bigelow, S. .\ Ill Bill. Gurdon 282 Bill, .Nathan I) 283 Binney, .-Arthur 457 Bixby, V. M 367 I'.lackmer, John 283 Blake, Christopher 458 Blake, Francis 94S Blake, George F., Jr 711 -Hteke. Harrison G 543 Blanchard, .S. E S43 Blanchard, .S. .S 200 Blaney, Osgood I' 712 Bogan, Fred B 201 Bolster. S. A 950 Boothby, Alonzo 712 Borden, Alanson 369 Bouton, Eugene 369 Boutwell, H. 1 45S Bowker. Wm. H 112 Bowles. .Samuel 285 Boyden, .\. () 625 Boyle, K. J 626 Boynton, J.J 713 Boynton, \ 459 Brackett, K. A 371 Brackett, J. Q. A 24 Brackett. W. D 627 Bradstreet, Charles \V. ''3 Brady. James, Jr. . . . 371 Brady, J. B 460 Bragdon, Horace K 843 Bragg, Henry W 25 Breck, Charles H. B 544 Breck, Theodore F 714 Breed. Francis W 461 Breed, Richard S43 Brick, F'rancis 286 Bridgham, Percy A 951 Bridgham, Robert C 202 Brigham, H. H 544 Brodbeck, Wm. N. 7' 5 Brooks, F'rancis .\ 25 Brooks. John F 461 Brooks, I'hillips S45 Brooks, W. A., Jr 546 Brooks, Walter C 545 Brooks, William H 287 Brown, Charles D 716 Brown, Charles F S46 I022 INDEX. PAGE Brown, Daniel E 372- Brown, Daniel J 847 Brown, George A 716- Brown, Orlando J 71S Browne, A. J 203 Brovvnell, S. A 718 Bruce, A. K 373 Bruce, George A 952 Bryant, R. \V 114 Buckingham, George H. . . . 373 Buckingham, J. D S48 Buckner, James 849 Bugbee, James M 462 Bullock, A. G 2S7 Bumpus, E. C S49 Bunting, \Vm. M 26 Burdett, E. W 114 Burdett, J. 115 Burke, Francis 850 Bumhani, Albert S 203 Burr, Everett D 546 Burrage, Albert G 8 50 Bush, J. Foster 547 Butler, John Haskell . . . . 116 Butler, \Vm. M 628 Butterworth, Ilezekiah .... 27 Calder, \. I' 851 Callahan, John F 463 Callender, Henry B 853 Camp, .Samuel 628 Campbell. Benjamin F 719 Candage, R. G. F 852 Capen, E. T 464 Capen, .Samuel B 205 Carlson, C. E 953 Carmichael, Henry 853 Carpenter, Frank E 288 Carpenter, Fred B 464 Carpenter, George 465 Carpenter, William II 548 Carr, .Samuel 720 Carrie, William A 721 Carvill, A. H 548 Casas, W. B. de las 722 Cavanaugh, M. A 723 Chagnon, J. B 629 Chalmers, A 466 Chamberlain, L. E 206 Chamberlain, R. H 2S9 Chandler, Alfred D 953 Chandler, P. C 955 Chapin, Edward W 289 Chapin, Nahum 955 Charles, Salem D 117 Chase, A. J 631 Chase, Caleb 632 Chase, E. A 374 Cheney, B. P S54 Cheney, B. P., Jr 855 Chick, I. W 724 Chisholm, W. P 375 PAGE dJioate, Charles F 549 Choate, Chas. F., Jr 206 Choate, David 550 Church, Benjamin T 551 Church, Walter 856 Churchill, W. W 551 Claflin, F. H 725 Clapp. Robert P 552 Clark, Benjamin C 726 Clark. Embury I' 290 Clark, F. E 727 Clark, F. E 85S Clark, James .S 729 Clark, Julius .S 553 Clarke, Albert 117 Clarke, Augustus P 554 Clement. E. H 28 Cleveland, L. Sidney .... 556 Clifford, Charles W 207 Cobb, Henry E 956 Cobb, J. Storer 118 Codman, Charles R 29 Coe, Henry F 119 Coffin. A. V> 120 Cole, John N 632 Coleman, C. .'\ 85S Collins, A. C 729 Collins, Lewis P 208 Colvin, J. A 859 Coney, Hubert M 730 Converse, E. S 731 Converse, J. W 633 Cook, Charles C 733 Cook, Charles Emerson . . . 209 Cook, Charles S 957 Cook, Geo 210 Cook, Joseph 733 Cook, W. H 376 Copeland, Alfred M 291 Corbett, P. B 467 Corcoran, John W 30 Cordley. F. R. 120 Cort, John 735 Cotter, James E 121 Cowles, F. M 736 Craig, Daniel H S59 Craig, William F 210 Cram, Benjamin M 737 Crane, E. B 292 Crane, Oliver 468 Crapo, Wm. W 211 Crathern, C. F. Hill 470 Crawford, Fred E 470 Crawford, George A '737 Crocker, George G 31 Crocker, Uriel 32 Crocker, Uriel H 34 Crockett, Edward S 738 Cronan, John F S60 Cro.sby, W. 1 957 Crossley, Arthur W 861 Cummings, Eustace 739 PAGE Cummings, John 958 Cummings, Prentiss 35 Cumner, A. B 634 Cunniff, M. M 959 Cunningham, J- H 112 Cunningham, Joseph T. . S61 Currier, F. C 377 Currier, Benjamin 11 739 Curry, George E S62 Curry, S. S 471 Curtis, Edwin U 740 Curtis, Nelson 741 Cashing, A. M 635 Gushing, J. S 557 Gushing, .Sidney 123 Cutler, C. S 636 Cutting, Frank A 742 Dallin, C. E 742 Dame, Charles C 212 Damrell, John S 36 Daniels, John H 213 Darling, Charles K 743 I )arling, Edwin H 123 Darling, Linus 473 Davis. Charles G 55S Davis, Henry G 378 1 )avis, Horatio 744 Davis. R. T 379 Davis, Samuel .\ 862 Davison, A. T S63 Dawes, Henry 1 864 Dean, Josiah S 124 Dean, W. L 637 Dearborn, Alvah B 559 Dearing, H. L 638 Deming, Ed. 1) 745 DeNormandie, James .... 560 Derby, Philander 380 Dever, John F 745 Devitt, E. 1 37 Dewey, Francis H 293 Dewey, Henry S 560 Dickinson. Charles A 473 Dickinson, Henry S 380 Dickinson, M. F., Jr 38 Dillaway, W. E. I S65 Dillon, David M 214 Dodge, James H 39 Dodge, J. L 639 Dodge, Theodore A 39 Dodge, Thomas H 293 Dolan. W. A 747 Donahoe, Patrick 125 Donnelly, Charles F. ^. . . . 866 Donovan, Edward J 127 Donovan, James S67 Douglass, D. de Forrest . . . 747 Douglass, F. P 295 Dowd, James J 215 Downs, H. .^shton 3S2 Dowslcy. John F 561 INDF.X. 102 PACE Drake. 1,. .1 215 Dresser, Geo 748 Driver, \Vm. K 960 Drury, Wm. H 867 Dudley, Henry Watson .... 749 Dudley, Sanf Orel H 216 Dunbar, James R 868 Dunklee, Joshua S J17 Dunn, I'-dwartl II 474 Dunning, K. S 869 Durell, Thomas .M. . . . . 750 Dutton, .S, 1 562 Dyer, Benjamin K 562 Dyer, Micah, Jr 12S Earle, Stephen C 296 I'^aton. William \ 382 Kdgerly, J. C 639 Edmonds, Louis 640 Edwards, F. W 750 Elder, .Samuel J 40 Eldredge, Clarence K 217 Eliot, Charles W S69 Ellis, George H 870 Ellis, Ralph W 297 Emery. Francis F 751 Emery, Thomas J 129 Emery, W. N 563 Endicott, A. 1! 383 Endicott, Charles 641 Endicott, Henry 3S3 Endicott, Wm. C 21S Enneking, John J 753 Ernst, Geo. A. 42 Estes, A. S. N 754 Evans, Hrice S 960 Evans, Edmond A 219 Ewing, Cleorge C 384 Ewing, W. D 220 Faelten, Carl 564 Fairbank, J. II 385 Fairbanks, L. S 961 Fallon, Joseph 1) 130 Farnham, Luther 641 Farrar, Henry T 297 Fa.xon. Henry II 43 Faxon. William 11 754 Fay, J. M 298 Fay, John S 643 Fayerweather. j. -\ 3S6 Fenno, J. li 755 Ferguson, W. H 871 Fessenden, Franklin G. ... 44 Field, Walbridge .\ 44 Fisk, Everett 565 Fitch, Robert ('• 45 Fitzgerald, John F 476 Fitzpatrick, T. B 87 2 Flagg, H. I'eabody 476 Flaherty, John J 873 Fletcher, Harold 644 I'AGE Fletcher, II. II 477 Flood, Thomas W 756 Flower, B. O ijt Floyd, David, 2d ^66 Floyd, Fred C: 566 I'lynn, Edward J 963 For.syth, James 15 645 Foss, E. N S73 Fourdrinier, C. W 757 Kowle, .\. A 46 Fo.vcroft, Frank 47 Franklin, .-Mbert I) 757 Eraser, John C 753 Frechette, Clement 7 38 Freeman, George K 567 French, Asa 963 French, A. J 220 French, Charles E 386 French, C. L 645 Fries, Wulf C. J 964 Frothingham, O. B 478 Fry, Charles C 3S7 Frye, James N 759 Fuller, Granville A 221 (!age, R. W 131 Gallison, Ambrose John . . . 368 Gallison, J. C 7(11 (^alloupe, C. W 965 Gammons, I. Wendall .... 479 Gardner, Charles L 299 (iardner, Harrison 569 Gargan, Thomas J 479 Garland, Joseph 761 (larrett, Edmund H 874 Gaston, WiUiam 48 (Jaston, William A 48 (laugengigl, L M 47 Gauss, J. 1). H 222 (ieiger, Albert 50 George, Elijah 30 Ciere, Henry S 300 Gerrish, James R 132 (biddings, Edward F 301 Gilbert, Lewis .\ 646 ( iill, James D 301 Gilnian, Edwin C 968 Gilman, Nicholas I' 51 Gilman, Raymond R 875 Gilmore, Dwight 302 Gilson, F. H 762 Ginn, Edwin 135 Glasier, .Mfred .\ 763 Gleason, Charles ,S 647 (ilidden. Charles J 3,87 Goddard, Warren 222 Croodell. Charles 1 480 Goodell. J. W 569 Goodrich, Henry A 223 (ioodrich. John li 134 Goodspeed. J. H 134 Gordon. .\. J 875 Gordon, James Logan Gordon, John A. . Gowing, Henry .•V. Grady, T. B. J. L. Grant, Charles E. Grave.s, .Vbbott Gray, drin T. . (Jray, Robt. S. . Green, (ieo. H. II Green, Samuel S. Greenhalge, F. T. . tireenleaf, Lyman B Griffin, S. B. . . Grime, George . . Grover. Thomas K. Grozier, E. .V. . . Gumbart, A. S. Guptill. 1. C. . . Hackett, O. J. . . . Hadlock, Harvey I). . Haile, William H. . Hall, Boardman Hall, Charies . . . Hall.Eben A. . . . Ilallett, Albert . . . Halsall. William F. . Ham, Alijion P. Hamilton, li. F. Hamilton, S. K. Hamlin, C. .S. . . Hammond, John C. . Hannum, Leander .M. Hanscom, Sanford . Harding, H. L. Harkins, James W., Jr. Harlow, Louis K. . . Harriman, Charles II. Ilarriman, H. P. . llaxriman, J. L. Harris, Elbridge N. . Harris, Francis A. Harris, Henry F. . Harris, Henry S. . Harris. James G. . . Harris. Nelson E. Harris, Robert O. Harris, W. O. . . . Harrison, Frank Hart, Thomas \. . Hartwell, Benjamin II. Ilasbrook, Charles E. Ilassam, John T. . . Hastings, B. F. . . I laston, Erasmus . . Hatch, William E. . I lawkins. R. F. Hawkins, Walter F. . Hayden, Charles H. Ilayden. J. o. . . . ^Tlayes. B. F. . . . 'AGK 877 764 647 r.48 .503 96S '35 224 388 304 5^ 53 306 S7S 570 "36 649 650 878 '37 306 765 307 38S 969 481 54 766 482 970 309 482 3S9 483 309 S79 65, 65. 767 484 767 310 571 4S4 485 390 486 487 54 768 769 "38 652 39' --5 3" 392 572 39= 770 Haves. Norman 1'. 1024 INDEX. I'ACK llaynes, John (' 573 Haynes, Stillnian 4S7 Haynes, Tilly, 4SS Heath, D. C S79 Heath, Newton E 881 Heckman, John F 489 llemenway, Alfred 139 Henderson, Charles R 652 Henderson, John I) 88 1 Hendry, Geo. H 490 Heymer, J, C 653 Higgins, Francis E 311 Higgins, Geo. C 393 Higginson, T. W 970 Hildreth. John 1 574 Hill, Arthur II 312 Hill, Don Gleason 394 Hill, E. N 140 Hill, Frank A 490 Hill, Henry B 141 Hill, HollisB 882 Hill, William 395 Hill, W. S 770 Hilton, G. W 396 Hoag, Charles E 771 Hobart, Arthur 575 Hodges, E. C 8S3 Hodges, Win. A 397 Hodgkins, David W 654 Hogner, Rich 773 Holbrook, Wm 655 Holbrook, W. E 39S Hoklen, Joshua 1! 226 Holmes, .-X. R 399 Holmes, C. 1) 142 Holmes, Charles J 656 Holmes, H. M 657 Holmes, O. W S83 Holmes, (). W., Jr 55 Holyoke, Charles F 774 Holt, .S. 1 774 Homer, John 775 Homer, Thomas J 65S Hood, G. E 227 Hopewell, John, Jr 143 Hopkins, Fredk. S 886 Hopkins, John 776 Hopkins, W. .S. B 313 Horr, Geo. E., Jr 144 Horton, Edward A ^6 Horton. E. .S 400 Houghton, H. O sS Howe, Elmer P 144 Howe, C)scar F^ 776 Howell, J. F 314 Howland, WiUard 145 "^ — FFtKl.son, John F, 972 Humphrey, W. F 973 llum])hreys, Richard C. . . . 576 Hunt, P'reeman 146 Hunt, Henry W 974 Huntress, Geo. 1 146 |'\(:k Hutching.s, George .S 492 Hutchinson, George 227 Hutchinson, J. F' 493 Hubbard, O. C 576 Hyde. Henry .S 777 Hyde, Wm. \ 976 Irish, J. C 659 Ivers, .Samuel 401 Jackson. James F 659 Jackson, William 59 Jackson, William B 578 Jackson, W. H 660 Jaques, Alden P 402 Jaynes, C. P 228 Jefferson, Joseph 60 Jenks, W. .S 578 Jenney, Wm. T 977 Jennings, .Andrew J 403 Jennings, C. li 493 Jewett, H. A 661 Johnson, A. H 662 Johnson, Benjamin N 147 Johnson, E. F" 663 Johnson, E. M 229 Johnson, George W 404 Johnson, Samuel .\ 406 Johnson, W. 1, 663 Jones, Arthur E 887 Jones, Bradford F 229 Jones, E. .\ 778 Jones, Jerome, 62 Jones, Leonard A 147 Jones, Lombard C 579 Jordan, Eben D 978 Jordan, Henry G. . . . . . 887 Joyner, Herbert C 778 Keeler, C. P 148 Keenan, Thomas F 888 Keith, Ziba C 406 Kelley, .Seth W 5S0 Kellogg, F. T 494 Kellogg, J. E., 230 Kellogg, Warren F 888 Kellough, Thomas 889 Kelly, Edward A 780 Kelly, George R 979 Kemble, Edward 63 ■Kempton, David B 231 Kendall, Edward 664 Kent, Thomas (1 316 Kimball, Henry .\ 317 Kimball, John W 63 Kimball, O. A 232 Kingman, Hosea 407 Kingsley, C. W 7S2 Kitson, Henry H 495 Kittredge, Charles F 149 Klahre, Edwin 783 Knapp, Ira i > 890 1'ac;e Kneisel, F'ranz 981 Knight, Clarence H 891 Knight, Horatio G 40S Knowles, Morris 232 Knowlton, D. .S 2^3 KnowUon, M. P 318 Kraus, Robert 580 Kress, ( ieorge y^- Lancaster, .S. R 5S2 Lane, Jona. .\ 65 Lane, W. C 891 Langtry, A. P 318 I.ansil, Walter F. . . . . . . 496 Lansil, W. H 497 Lathrop, F^dward H 319 ^r^athrop, John 66 Larrabee, B. F 783 Larrabee, John 409 Lawler, William P 7S4 Lawley, George F 892 Lawrence, .S. C 9S2 Lawrence, William B 410 Leach, James E 893 Lee, William 67 Lesh, John H 893 Lewis, Edwin C 665 Lewis, Isaac Newton .... 497 Lewis, O. E 894 Libbey, Hosea W 583 Libby, C . A 5S4 Lichtenfels, William G. ... 7S5 Lincoln. J. 1! i 50 Lincobi, Leontinc 665 Lindsay, John .S 49S Litchfield, George .\ J51 Livermore, Joseph P 151 Lockhart, W. L 9S3 Lockwood, John FI 584 Long, Charles 1 320 l.ong, R. J 984 Longley, H. .A 320 Lord, Eliot 69 Lord, Henry G 499 Lord, Lucien 411 Loring, George F 500 Lovell, C. E 666 Lovell, John P 894 Lowe, .Arthur H 234 Lowell, John 70 Lowell, John, Jr 153 Lund, Rodney 585 Lyford, F^dwin F 321 Lyman, George H 586 Macdonald, Loren B 501 Mackintire, E. Aug 413 McClellan, Arthur D 897 McClintock, William E. • • ■ IS3 McClure, Frederick .\ 322 McCollester, John Q. A. . . . 786 McDermott, Charles N. ... 501 INDEX. 102: PACK McDonnell. 'I'. II 412 McDonough, John J 5S7 McCiannon, T. G S9S M'Glenen, II. A 72 Mclntire, Charles J 73 McKenney, Wm. A 667 McKnight, \V. H 323 McLauthlin, George T gS6 Manchester, F. C Sg6 Mann, .Vlbert W 7S7 Marden, F. G 323 Harden, Oscar A 153 Marion, H. E 667 Marsh, Charles .S 324 Marsh, Daniel J 325 Marsh, Henry E 325 Marsh, William C 326 Marshall, Wyzeman 154 Martin, G. .V 414 Martin, John J 7SS Mason, Albert 70 Mason, Edw. P 1 56 Masters, E. Woodworth . . . 984 Mattson, John S97 Maynard, Elisha B 71 Mead, lidwin D 899 Mead, Julian .\ 414 Meeham, Patrick 502 Mellen, James H 326 Mendum, Samuel \V 78S Merrill, Charles A 327 Merrill, John F 415 Metcalf, Erastus L 503 Miles, C. Edwin 593 Miller, A. E 790 Miller, Edwin C 416 Miller, Henry F i 57 Millett, Joshua H 159 Mills, Asa A 791 Mills, Frederick 792 Mills, Hiram F 417 Mills, W. N 792 Miner, A. A 94 Minor, W. L 41S Mixter, .S. J 9S7 Monk, Elisha C 419 Monk, Hiram A 235 Monty, Albert \V 901 Moody, \V. H 160 Moore, Beverly K 668 ~!!trmre, Ira nr;::^- 587 Morgan, Ernest H 504 Morrill, George H., Jr 669 Morris, E. F 420 Morris, M. A 58S Morrison, Thomas J 235 Morse, Charles E 669 Morse, Elijah A 421 Morse, F. H 589 Morse, George W 160 Morse, Henry C 670 Morse, Nathan R 590 I'ACE Morse. Robert M. . ... 75 Morton. Charles 592 Morton, J. I) 505 Morton, Marcus 162 Moseley, .S. R 422 Moulton, Edgar S 423 Mo.vom, Philip .S 32S Mudge, Frank II. . . . . . . 593 Munroe, William 793 Munroe. William A 163 Munsell, George N 670 Munyan, Jona 236 Murdock, William E 671 Murphy. James R 506 Murray. M. J 506 Myers, J. J 671 Nash. Melvin S 423 Needham, Daniel 76 Newhall, George H 237 Newhall, J. A 673 Newhall, John B 238 Newman, F. .S 793 Newman, Louis ¥ 329 Nichols, Charles L 330 Nichols, John W 307 Nichols, Thomas P 794 Nickerson, Sereno D 793 Nickerson, W. 1 673 Nielson, Carl .S 9S8 Niles, W. H 23S Niles, Wm. II 9S9 Niver, James B 239 Norcross, O. W 331 Norris, Howes 901 Northend. William D 240 Noyes, Charles J 163 Noyes, David W 240 Noyes, Rufus K 674 Nutter, Isaac Newton .... 241 O'Callaghan. Thomas .... 903 Olmstead, John 332 Olney, Richard 904 O'Meara. Stephen 77 ( )rdway, Alfred 508 Osborne, William II 165 O.sgood, C. E 242 Osgood, Charles S 242 Osgood, G. L 796 Packard, De Witt C 424 Paddock, F. K 675 Page, George H 166 Page, Walter Gilmaii .... 796 Paine, A. Elliot 425 Paine, Charles J 7,S Paine, Robert Treat 79 Parker, Bovvdoin S 509 Parker, F. W 676 Parker, Francis S 675 Parker, Henry L 334 I'Ar.K Parker, Herbert 335 Parker, James 243 Parker, W. A 905 Parker. W. E 244 Parkhill.S. J 906 Parkhurst, W. E 245 Parkman. Henry 59: Parks. John H 596 Parsons, Charles H 335 Partridge, Horace 990 Pastene, J. N 677 Pattee, Asa F 797 Patterson, A. J 510 Paul, Isaac F 166 Paur, Emil ggi Pearson, Gardner W 246 Pemberton, H. A 246 Pennock, George B 799 Perabo, Ernst 906 Perin, George 1 512 Perkins, Geo. .-\ 167 Perrin. Willard T 597 Perry, Ba.Kter E 168 Perry, F. D 800 Perry, Herbert B. . . . 801 Peters, C. J goS Petteiigill. John W 168 Pevey, Gilbert A. A 247 PhiUips, II. M 80 Phipps, Walter .A 677 Pierce, Charles F 678 Pierce, John C 426 Pillsbury, .Albert E gog Pinkerton, A. S 336 Plympton, Noah A 81 Poole, A. P gio Pope, .\lbert A 82 Pope, Ale.vander 802 Porter, E. F 426 Posse. Baron Nils gio Potter, Burton W 337 Potter, H. Staples gi r Powers, Samuel 1 912 Powers. Wilbur H 169 Pratt, Charies B 338 Pratt, George 11 513 Pratt, Isaac, Jr 83 Preble, William II 170 Price, Charles H 248 Prince, F. 84 Prince, Frederick H. 992 Proctor, Joseph 171 I'roctor, Thomas E 678 Proctor, T. W 85 Puffer, I.oring W 24S I'ushee, J. C 679 Putnam. Otis E 33g •Juincy, Josiah gg3 Ramsay. W. \\' 598 Ranney. .\. .A 86 I026 INDEX. pac;e Ransom. CM 513 Rawson, Warren \V S03 Rawson, W. \V 514 Ray, Kdgar K 437 Raymond. John M 250 Raymond, Robert F 251 Raymond, Walter 86 Redford, Robert 913 Reed, Charles A 599 Reed, James 514 Reno, Conrad 173 Re.\ford, Everett L 515 Reynolds, J. B 913 Rhodes, Marcus M 42S Rhodes, S. H 87 Rice, Alexander H 88 Rice, John L 340 Rice, Marshall 600 Rich, Isaac B 914 Rich, F. U S04 Richards, C. A 995 Richards, De.xter N 680 Richards, WiUiam R 915 Richardson, Charles S05 Richardson, W. S 68 1 -^=^chmond, George B 429 Richter, George M 996 Ricker, James W 89 Riley, Thomas 916 Risteen. F. .S 518 Roberts, Everest W 519 Roberts, John H 252 Roberts, William W 254 Robinson, A. A 90 Robinson, I). Frank 430 Robinson, Frank T 516 Roblin, Stephen Herbert . . 517 Roche, J. J 91 Rogers, F. A 806 — Rollins, James W 174 Rosnosky, Isaac 997 Ross, Cleorge Ivison 431 Rotch, A. Lawrence 6S2 Rowe, G. H. M 998 Rowell, H. V. .. . ' S07 Rowley, Clarence W 917 Ruggles, II. E. . - 432 Runkle, John D 999 Russell, Charles A 519 Russell, C. T., Jr 254 Russell, Frederick W 433 Russell. William E 91 Russell, William G 93 Ryan, John W 808 St. Dennis, Nelson 601 Salisbury, Stephen 34: Sampson. .A. N 918 Sanborn, !I. W 602 Sanders, William 255 Sanford, Alpheus 255 Saunders, Chas. H 175 Saunders, Daniel . Savage, Minot J. . Sawyer, Edward . Sawyer, E. Thomas Schofield, William Scofield, II. B. . . Scott, Charles .S. . Scott, John Adams Searls, William P. Sears, ^V. B. . . Sedgwick, H. D. . Seip, Charles L. . Sergeant. Chas. S. Shattuck, George O Shaw, E. P. . . . Shaw, Levi W. .Shaw, Oliver Shedd, William E. .Sheldon. Joseph H. Shepard, John . Sherman, W. F. . Sherwin, Thomas . Sherwin, William U Shirley, A. L. . . Sibley, Willis E. . Sidney, A. W. . . .Simmons, John F. Simpson, Frank E. .Simpson, James R. Sinclair, Chas. A. .Slocum, Winfield S. Small, Josiah B. . Small, W. P. . . Smith, A. Vincent •Smith, De.xter . . Smith, Frank Hill Smith, J. M. . . Smith, S. F. . . Smyth. Julian K. . Sohier, Wm. D. . .Somers, Frank D. Sortwell, Alvin F. Sortwell. D. R. . Soule, Rufus A. . Southwick, H. L. Spanhoofd, A. W. Spaulding, T. G. . Spear, William E. Spsnceley, C. J. .Spencer, -A. W. Spofford, John C. Sprague, A. B. R. Sprague, E. L. . . Sprague, Henry H. Sprout, William B. Stanwood, Edward Stearns, .A. T. . . Stearns, Geo. M. . Stearns, W. S. A. Stedman, George . Stetson, George R. Stevens, A. J. . [■m;e i>.\r,E 434 Stevens, Benjamin F 94 1000 .Stevens, Charles G 264 683 Stevens, George H S16 920 Stevens, H. E looS 602 Stevens, (Jliver C 604 1003 Stiles, James A 435 520 Stillings, E. ]i 92S 176 Stodder, Charles F 687 343 Stone, Andrew C 438 S09 .Stone. Willmore B 347 6S5 Stowe, L. S 348 436 Strain, Daniel J 816 177 Stratton, C. C 265 1003 Stratton, Charles E 526 810 .Strong. Homer C 527 256 Sturtevant, Charles 605 436 Sughrue, M. J 182 257 ^toHivaftr-J^Jjarigdon .... 606 257 Swan, William D 607 94 Swift, H. W 95 25S Swift. John L 1S3 1004 Swift, Marcus G. B 817 4J7 811 Tapley, Amos P 529 343 Taylor, Charles H 96 603 Taylor, E. M 607 259 Taylor, George S 349 920 Taylor, OUver 266 260 Taylor, Ransom C 929 T005 Temple, Thomas F 184 178 Terhune, W. L 529 Si 3 Tewksbury, Robert H 930 686 Thayer, Charles P S18 920 Thayer, Charles N 687 261 Thayer, John R 350 814 Thomas. Charles H 819 344 Thompson, J. J 688 1006 Thompson, X. .A 185 521 ^ l Oi n d ike i^S. Lothrop .... 97 178 Tilden. Frank E 819 Si 5 Tilton, J. (.) 820 522 Tobey, E. S 689 523 Tobey, George L 82 1 262 Tolman, William 439 524 Toppan, R. W 98 921 Tower, L. L 821 345 Towle, Geo. II 186 179 Train, Charles R 689 922 Train, Samuel P 823 180 Trask, John L. R 351 180 Treworgy, W. H 690 346 Truell, Byron 267 923 Tucker, George F looS 926 Tucker, George H 440 525 Tucker, Joseph 441 927 Tucker, W.E 442 526 Turner, Ross S23 182 Tuttle, Albert H 60S 1007 Tuttle, Lucius 6og 928 263 Underwood, Herbert S. ... 98 604 Underwood, W. Orison .... 824 INDEX. 1027 PACK I' phalli, R. I*" 2S~ I'sliev, Saimiel . . ... 691 Vaughan, Francis W 692 Veo, Charles H 6io Viiial, C. .\ 931 Vhitoii, Frederic P 530 Vose, James W 267 Voshell, S. S 1S6 Wade, Levi C 1009 Wad.sworth, P 61 1 Wagner, Jacob 531 Wait, William Gushing . . 1S7 Wales, George 693 Wallace, A. B 353 Wallace, Rodney 26S Walworth, J. J 188 Wardwell, J. Otis 269 Warnocli, .'Vdani iSg Warren, Albert C 611 Warren, J. K 353 Warren, William F 99 Warriner, .S. C 354 Washburn, George A 442 Washburn, Nathan 694 Waterman, Frank S 824 Waterman, George H 825 Waterman, Thomas 826 Watts, C. A 931 Webber, Geo. C . 694 Wellman, A. M 612 Wells, Benjamin W 101 1 Wells, Daniel W 443 Wells. Gideon 355 PACK Wells, Samuel 100 WentHorth, George I S27 West, Charles \ 932 We.st. II. n 828 Wetherbee, Isaac J 270 Wetmore, S. A 613 Weymouth, G. W 271 Wheatley, Frank G 830 Wheeler, John W. ..... 444 Whipple, Sherman L 190 Whitaker, George M 532 Whitcher, W. F 614 Whitcoml), James 695 Whitcomb, M. II 355 White, F. E 933 White, Horace C 615 White, Jonathan 272 Whiting, Fred E loi Whiting, William H 696 Whitney, S. B 829 Whittier, Charles loii Whittier, D. B 616 Whittington, Hiram 616 Wilder, Harvey B 356 Wiggin, Charles E 444 Wiggin, George W 273 Wilbar, Joseph E 273 Wilbur, E. P 696 Willard, Jo.seph .A 102 Williams, (ieorge Fred .... 933 Williams, H. I) 934 Williams, Henry W 191 Williams. John J 935 Willis, C. W 533 Willis, George D 697 I'A(;k Wilson, E. V 69S Wilson, Theodore I' 274 Winch, John F 1012 Winch, Joseph R 1013 Wingate, C. E. L 937 Winship, A. E 192 Winslow, J. W 936 Winslow, Samuel 357 Winslow, .Samuel E 357 Winsor, Justin 1014 Wolcott, Roger 103 Wolf, Bernard M 1015 Wood, Albert 358 Wood, Charles W 445 Wood, E. M 533 Wood, Frank 193 Wood, Oliver B 359 Woodbury, Charles Levi . . . 104 Woods, K. II 105 Woods, .S. A 193 Woodworth, A. S S30 Woolf, Benjamin E 106 Worcester, John F S31 Wyman, Isaac C 534 Young, Charles .A 938 Young, J. Harvey 535 Young, I.. J 617 Young, W. H. .\ 699 Zeigler, .Mfred .\rthur 699 .'\ddenda and Errata 1017