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jJ^jEW cities on the American continent can offer to the student, or to the passing traveler, so much 
 material evidence of an active participation in the making of history, from the earliest Colonial times 
 to the present day. Settled a decade after the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth, by 
 Go\-ernor John Winthrop and fifteen hundred followers, Boston rapidly assumed first place as the 
 center of the religious, social and political life of New England, a position the city has never 
 surrendered during nearly three centuries of existence. 
 The military expeditions which marked Colonial New England as the land of an aggressive people received their 
 inspiration in Boston, and recruited their strength largely from the sturdy citizens of Massachusetts Colony. It was 
 in this section that the spirit of resistance to British tyranny found vent in action, rather than in words only. In 
 Faneuil Hall, the "Cradle of Liberty," the new spirit was truly nurtured, and the city is fortunate in having 
 preserved so much that is associated with the stirring times of the " Tea Party," Bunker Hill, Paul Revere, and the 
 famous Siege which ended when Washington fortified Dorchester Heights. 
 
 The surrounding country is also rich in historical associations. To the .south is Plymouth, where the Pilgrims 
 landed in 1620, and Duxbury, the home of Standish ; to the west are Lexington and Concord, where the first blood 
 of the Revolution was shed, and the shot fired which was "heard round the world;" to the east are the historic 
 towns of Lynn, Salem and Marblehead, where stirring scenes were enacted in pre-revolutionary times, and where the 
 new -has not been permitted to entirely obliterate the memories of the past. 
 
 In latter days, Marshfield became famous as the home of Webster, the greatest orator the country has ever 
 produced. Concord won new honors as the home of Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne and the Alcotts, all of whom 
 gained immortal recognition in the realm of letters, shared by Longfellow and Lowell in Cambridge, and Whittier 
 in Danvers. 
 
 Boston was the headquarters for the anti-slavery agitation, and the weight of the great intellectual center of the 
 North was a determining factor in the movement which culminated in the Civil War, where so many of the sons of 
 Massachu-setts died for the Union. 
 
 No section of the United States has exerted more influence upon its history than New England, and no part of 
 New England has shaped the destinies of the nation so much as the territory immediately about and including the 
 City of Boston. 
 
 Published by L. H. NELSON CO., Portland, Me., Publishers of Nelson's International Series of Souvenir Books 
 
 ('l)PYI!IGI!T, 1904, 1908, BY L. H. NELSOX ComTANV 
 
OLD STATH HOUSE. V.'ASHINGTON AND STATE STREETS. 
 Erected in 1713. The Boston Massacre occurred within a few feet of this 
 building, March 5, 1770. Here Generals Clinton. Howe and Gage held a council 
 of war before the battle of Bunker Hill. From the balcony Washington reviewed 
 the American Army at the close of the siege of Boston. It has been used as 
 Town House, Court House, State House and City Hall. 
 
 FANEUIL HALL. FANEUIL SQUARE. 
 "The Cradle of Liberty," built in 1742 by Peter Faneuil. and presented to the 
 town. Damaged by fire in 1761. Re-dedicated in 1763. In the years preceding 
 the Revolution, it was here that many bold orators kept alive the spirit of liberty. 
 In 1837 Wendell Phillips first spoke against slavery from its platform. It was 
 the center of anti-slavery agitation. 
 
BUNKER HILL MONUMENT. CHARLESTOWN. . 
 Marks the corner of a redoubt used by the Americans. June 17, 1775. Corner 
 stone laid by Lafayette in 1825. The building at the base contains interesting 
 memorials and an excellent statue of General Warren. A memorial stone in the 
 grounds nearby covers the spot where Warren fell. Where Prescott stood at the 
 opening of the fight is marked by a bronze statue. 
 
 KING'S CHAPEL. TREMONT STREET. 
 The first King's Chapel was built in 1639. and enlarged in 1710. The present 
 chapel was completed in 1753, Here the Royal governor and British army and 
 naval officers had pews. Washington once attended an oratrio in this chapel. In 
 later years the society changed its creed under the leadership of Dr. James Free- 
 man Clark, and became a Unitarian Church. 
 
CHklST CHURCH (OLD NORTH) SALEM STREET. 
 The oldest church edifice in the city. Erected in 1723. A tablet on the front 
 reads as follows: "The signal lanterns of Paul Revere displayed in the steeple of 
 this church. April 18, 1775, warned the country of the march of the British troops 
 to Lexington and Concord." In the crypt are buried several British officers killed 
 at Bunker Hill. 
 
 OLD SOUTH MEETING HOUSE. WASHINGTON AND MILK STREETS. 
 The third church established in Boston. Founded in 1669. Present structure 
 erected in 1730. Was the point of departure for those who participated in the 
 Boston Tea Party. Used by the British as a riding school during their occupation 
 of Boston. Religious services were discontinued in 1876. The building is now 
 used as a loan museum for historic relics. 
 
PAUL REVERE HOUSE. NORTH STREET. 
 The hero of the "Midnight Ride" was born in Boston, 1735. He was a goldsmith and copper-plate engraver by trade, and made the pla'" for the paper 
 money ordered in 1775 by the Provincial Congress. He was a member of the famous "Tea Party." On April 18. 1775. at the request of Joseph Warren he under- 
 took the memorable ride, celebrated by Longfellow, with the object of warning the patriots of Concord and Lexmgton of the British approach toward those towns. 
 Revere was captured near the close of his journey, but was released the next day. After the Revolution he resumed his trade and died m 1818. 
 
OLD GRANARY BURYING GROUND. TREMONT STREET. 
 Set apart from the Common in 1660 as a burying ground, and named for the old town granary which stood near, on the present site of Park Street Church. Here 
 are buried nine governors of the Colony and State; three signers of the Declaration of Independence, John Hancock. Samuel Adams and Robert Treat Paine; 
 also Paul Revere, Peter Faneuil, and many others famous before or during the Revolution, including the victims of the Boston Massacre. The most conspicuous 
 monument was erected in 1827. to mark the graves of the parents of Benjamin Franklin. 
 
COPP'S HILL BURYING GROUND, HULL STREET. Christ Church (Old North.) 
 
 The second oldest place of burial in Boston. Copp's Hill took its name from William Copp. a cobbler, whose grandchildren were among the first to be interred 
 in 1661. Here are the graves of Doctors Increase. Cotton and Samuel Mather, of colonial fame, and many others prominent in the early history of the town. 
 During the siege of Boston by Washington, the burying ground was occupied by British troops as a military station. Many of the gravestones were used as 
 targets and the bullet marks may yet be seen on some of them. Several of the more ancient slabs bear armorial devices. 
 
OLD CORNER BOOK STORE. WASHINGTON AND SCHOOL STREETS. 
 The oldest building in Boston, erected in 1713, on the site of the dwelling of Ann Hutchinson, who was banished for heresy in 1637. Here the Rev. James Free- 
 man Clarke, the famous Unitarian divine, was born in 1810. It was first used as a book store in 1828. and has been devoted to that purpose ever since. For years 
 it has been a favorite resort for book lovers and book buyers. The names of Emerson, Holmes. Lowell. Thoreau. Longfellow, Whittier, and other literary giants 
 arc enrolled among those who were wont to gather and exchange greetings and ideas as they lingered in this quaint old building. 
 
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES— BIRTHPLACE AND RESIDENCE. 
 This much beloved author was born in Cambridge. August 29. 1809, in the shadow of Harvard University. His first popular verses, "Old Ironsides." were written 
 while he was a law student at that college. He afterwards gave up law and applied himself to medicine, and was later a professor at the Harvard Medical School, a 
 position which he held for thirty-five years. "The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table," published in 1867. immortalized the genial wit of Doctor Holmes. It was fol- 
 lowed by nine volumes of prose and three of verse. He died October 7. 1894, and is buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery. 
 
LONGFELLOW HOUSE, CAMBRIDGE 
 This mansion, built 1760. was the home of a sturdy royalist. Colonel John Vassall, who abandoned it at the outbreak of the Revolution. General Washington 
 made it his headquarters for a short time in 1775. It received the name of "Cragie House" from Andrew Cragie who maintained it magnificently at a later period. 
 It was afterward occupied for a while by Edward Everett, the orator. In 1837 it became the home of the poet Longfellow and remained so until his death in 1882. 
 Nearly all the great poet's literary work was completed in this house. 
 
ELMWOOD, CAMBRIDGE. 
 This historic mansion, erected in 1767. is splendidly located in the midst of trees and shrubbery. It was occupied by Lieutenant-Governor Oliver in 1774, who was 
 Councillor to the Crown, and also by Elbridge Gerry, Vice President of the United States. Here James Russell Lowell was born in 1819, and it remained his home 
 throughout his whole life. The poet's study, where he wrote nearly all his poems, was on the third floor. Lowell exercised a powerful influence as a finished man of 
 letters, succeeded Longfellow as a professor of literature at Harvard, and served as ambassador to England with great distinction. He died in 1891. 
 
JOHN GREENLEAF WH ITTIER— BIRTHPLACE AND RESIDENCE. 
 Whittier was born in Haverhill, December 17. 1807. His parents were Quakers. While a young man he was for several years the editor of an abolitionist journal, 
 and his first reputation was won by a remarkable series of anti-slavery poems. Whittier developed more than any other American poet the power of expressing in 
 a striking way the latent thought of the common people, and his mature works became immensely popular. Oak Knoll, Danvers. where he lived for many years, 
 was the scene of much of his literary labor and is now a shrine to thousands of the poet's admirers. "- ''•■ 
 
 Oak Knoll, 
 He died in 1892. 
 
RALPH WALDO EMERSON AND HIS CONCORD HOME. 
 Emerson was born in 1803. The fixing of his residence here in 1834 was largely from a perception of the fitness of the region for the abode of a philosopher 
 From this mansion emanated the essays and verses which made the name of Emerson famous throughout the world. The rooms have echoed to the voices of 
 Thoreau. the Alcotts, Margaret Fuller. Hawthorne and others who gathered as friends or disciples, and thus Concord became associated with a remarkable school of 
 thought and literature. Emerson died in 1882, and is buried under an immense boulder in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery. 
 
NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE IN SALEM. 
 The old house in which Nathaniel Hawthorne was born, July 4. 1804. is yet standintj in Salem. Also the house in which he lived during the many years of his 
 residence in that city, where he served as United States collector of customs, while engaged in his earlier literary work. Here in particular were written "The Scarlet 
 Letter,'* and "The House of Seven Gables." The house from which the latter name was derived is still pointed out to the curious. In 1852 Hawthorne removed to the 
 "Wayside" at Concord, where he lived until his death. May 19, 1864. Was buried in the Ridge Path of Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Concord. 
 
THE OLD WITCH HOUSE. SALEM. 
 The oldest house now standing in Salem, having been built before 1635. It was once occupied by Roger Williams, who held views on religious liberty which were 
 objectionable to the Puritans. During the witchcraft delusion which enthralled Salem in 1692. persons accused of witchcraft were examined here previous to trial. 
 The Salem authorities hanged nineteen persons, sixteen of whom were wo.-nen, and pressed to death the unfortunate Giles Corey. Contrary to the general belief no 
 person was ever burned as a witch. In the Peabody Museum are preserved pins supposed to have been used by the witches in tormenting their victims. 
 
HAWTHORNE'S "WAYSIDE," CONCORD. 
 
 tT.';'.!',°T«°'"'^'"j^",'^' P^''J,"'°'■"''./'°;^ '**^ ""'■' ^'^ '''='"''■ P«viously owned by Bronson Alcott. who lived here with his daughter. Louisa M. Alcott. the author 
 ot l^ittle Men and Little Women. On the main structure Hawthorne erected for his study a large, square room called "The Tower." It was entered through a 
 trap door upon which the author placed his chair, when writing, to secure privacy. Here the "Tanglewood Tales" was prepared for the press. "Septimus Felton." 
 the scene of which was in this house and the time that of the Revolution, was well under way when Hawthorne died in 1864. Now occupied by Mrs. Daniel Lothrop 
 (Margaret Sidney) the author of Five Little Peppers. f j f 
 
"THE WAYSIDE INN." SUDBURY. 
 Built in 1683 by David Howe, and kept as a tavern until 1860. Here the poet Longfellow, Thoreau, the Alcotts, Hawthorne. Emerson and other bearers of 
 notable names in American literature, spent their vacations. Longfellow in his "Tales of a Wayside Inn" made the old tavern famous. For many years it was used 
 as a private house and was only opened at a comparatively recent date in its original character. Its quaint furnishings make it a most interesting relic of the past. 
 
RESIDENCE OF THE LATE BENJAMIN F. BUTLER, LOWELL. 
 For many years the home of Benjamin F. Butler, one of the most picturesque figures in American history. He was born in Deerfield. N. H.. in 1818. He was a 
 lawyer ty piotes ion and a politician by nature. During the Civil War, Butler won fame as the first general to include fugitive slaves among the "contraband of 
 war." and later by his vigorous administration of military rule in New Orleans. General Butler was a Republican Congressman for ten years, the Democratic 
 Governor of Massachusetts in 1882. and as the Greenback nominee for the Presidency was defeated in 1884. He died at Washington, January 11, 1893. 
 
THE GRAVE OF DANIEL WEBSTER. MARSHFIELD. 
 Daniel Webster was born in New Hampshire in 1782, during the War of Independence. He was educated at Exeter Academy and Dartmouth College. Be- 
 came a lawyer and was elected to the House of Representatives. 1813-17. Removed to Boston, wa> a member of the House of Representatives from Massachusetts. 
 1823-27, and United States Senator. 1827-41. and 1845-50. Was Secretary of State under Tyler. 1841-3, and Fillmore. 1850-2. The figure of Daniel Webster rises above 
 the level of his time like a monument of colossal proportions. He died and was buried at Marshfield in 1852. 
 
GENERAL ISRAEL PUTNAM'S BIRTHPLACE, DANVERS. 
 Here was born Israel Putnam, a famous Revolutionary soldier. Before serving in the Continental Army. Putnam took part in several Colonial military ventures, 
 notably Abercrombie's expedition against Ticonderoga. Putnam was captured in this disastrous affair and tortured by the Indians until rescued by a French 
 officer. He also participated in the capture of Havana, in 1762, although shipwrecked on the way. When the news of Lexington arrived, Putnam was plowing, 
 and, Cincinnatus-like. turned his oxen loose and rode to Cambridge. He was appointed to the command of a Connecticut regiment and fought in the battle of 
 Bunker Hill. 
 
ROOM IN WHICH PUTNAM WAS BORN. JANUARY 17. 1718. 
 The room in which General Putnam was born is still kept as near as possible to its old Colonial appearance, and here are preserved many relics of the famous 
 soldier. Putnam's service in the Revolutionary War was of an especially spectacular kind. In one instance while commanding Horseneck, in Connecticut, a 
 sudden attack by the British, under Tryon, forced him to escape by dashing down a declivity where the enemy dared not follow. He eventually pursued Tryon 
 and took fifty prisoners. In 1779 General Putnam was stricken with paralysis and was incapacitated for duty with the army. He died in Pomfret, now Brooklyn, 
 Conn.. May 19. 1790. 
 
MILES STANDISH MONUMENT AND GRAVE, DUXBURY. 
 Here lived Miles Standish, the famous military leader of the Pilgrim colony. He was "a man of very small stature, yet of a very hot and angry temper," and was 
 much dreaded by the Indians. On one occasion he stabbed a hostile chief in the midst of his tribe. On Captain's Hill, back of the house, has been erected a 
 lofty round stone tower as a memorial to Miles Standish. crowned by a statue of the redoubtable captain. The grave of Standish is marked by a boulder, sur- 
 rounded by a wall, upon which are mounted several heavy cannon and small piles of projectiles. 
 

 P.Brown. J.Goodman. W. Brewsler. J. B.II.naton. I.Allerton. F.Cooke. E. Winslow. 
 
 Governor Bradford, 
 
 PLYMOUTH IN 1622. 
 
 Copyright. 1891. A. S. Burbank. Plymouth. Mass. 
 
 THE PLYMOUTH COLONY. 
 The Plymouth Colony was settled by a company of "Separatists." as they were called, vvlio separated themselves from the worship of the church established by 
 law in England. They landed, about one hundred in number, at Plymouth, already named by Captain John Smith, on December 21, 1680. They founded a town 
 on the slope of the hill stretching east toward the sea, with a broad street, eight hundred yards long. leading down the hill, and another street crossing in the middle. The 
 houses were constructed of hewn planks. Stockades guarded against sudden attacks. On the main street, at the corner of the cross street, stood the governor's 
 house. 
 
■THE CORNER-STONE OF A NATION 
 
 The famous Plymouth Rock is now preserved under a beautiful and artistic structure of eranite in the shane M a r=n^„„ = . j r 
 
 .tself probably presents much the same appearance as when the shallop of the Pilgrims <.?azrditrsdls There is not ?L o'^Jm ? ,°" 'u",' "1"™"^- The Rock 
 -ertainty of the identity of th.s Rock. It has been pointed out and named as genuine from one generation to Inothe? fro™ ,h f 'oophole for doubt as to the 
 present time. Not a shadow of distrust rests upon this mass of stone as being Ihe identicaTsporufon which the fi?st land ng^of the Pilgrims'was effe \°T'^ '° '"' 
 
THE BATTLE OF LEXINGTON. 
 This view from an old engraving is probably the best representation of the battle in existence. In the raw morning of the 19th of April, l???-. Captain Parker 
 drew up his company of seventy men on Lexington Green to await the approach of the British. When the British came on, some of the militiamen offered to 
 desert. Parker threatened to shoot the first man. Major Pitcairn. the English commander, shouted "Disperse, you rebels." but not a man stirred. The order 
 was given to fire. Seven minute men were killed and nine wounded, a quarter part of all that stood in arms. The few Americans returned the fire and scattered 
 at the command of their captain. 
 
THE HANCOCK-CLARK HOUSE. LEXINGTON. 
 In 1775 this house was the residence of the parish minister, the Rev. Mr. Clark, who was a kinsman of Hancock. Those first heroes of the Revolution, John 
 Hancock and Samuel Adams, had been attending the Provincial Congress in Concord, and were sleeping in the parsonage when Paul Revere rode past and warned 
 ihem of the approach of the British. Dorothy Quincy. afterward the wife of John Hancock, was also here at the time. The house is now used at a museum and 
 contains an immense number of relics of Revolutionary days, especially of the Hancock and Clark families. 
 
Harrington House. LINE OF THE MINUTE MEN, LEXINGTON GREEN. 
 
 The position held by the Minute Men is marked by a boulder appropriately inscribed with Captain Parker's admonition to his company. This battle began the 
 war of the Revolution, which ended at Yorktown with the surrender of Cornwallis. October 19, 1781. In the rear of this view may be seen the Harrington house, 
 the residence of Jonathan Harrington, a young man who was a member of the company that made its stand on the Green. He was fatally shot by the first volley 
 and crawled to the front door of this house where he died at the feet of his wife. A tablet records the circumstance. 
 
MINUTE MAN STATUE. LEXINGTON. 
 The approach to Lexinfiton Green from Boston is marked by a splendid statue, 
 by Kitson. of Captain Parker, the sturt'y patriot who led the Lexington farmers 
 in the struggle of April 19th. The British forces numbered eight hundred men 
 under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Francis Smith, of the 10th Regiment, and 
 Major John Pitcairn, commander of a battalion of marines. 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY MONUMENT. LEXINGTON. 
 This vine-clad monument stands on the west side of Lexington Green. The 
 inscription tells that it was erected as a tribute to "the memory of Ensign Robert 
 Munroe, and Messrs. Jonas Parker, Samuel Hadley. Jonathan Harrington. Jr., 
 Isaac Muzzy. Caleb Harrington and John Brown of Lexington, and Asahcl Porter, 
 of Woburn. who fell on this field." 
 
OLD BELFRY TOWER. LEXINGTON. 
 In this old Belfry Tower on Clark Street, a short distance from the Square, 
 hung the bell which rang the alarm in Lexington, on the night of Paul Revere's 
 Ride. A tablet on the old Tower tells of the part which it took in the events of 
 the memorable night in 1775. 
 
 THE MINUTE MAN MONUMENT. CONCORD. 
 Perhaps the most notable of the monuments in Concord is that of the Minute 
 Man, a magnificent bronze, the work of Daniel French, of New York. It marks 
 as nearly as possible the spot on the west side of the North Bridge where the 
 brave farmers made their first attack. A verse from Emerson*s poem is inscribed 
 on the granite pedestal. 
 
THE OLD NORTH BRIDGE. CONCORD. 
 Here on April 19, 1775, occurred the first armed resistance to the authority of King George. The monument marks where the British soldiers fell in the skirmish. 
 On the opposite bank, the Minute Man monument marks the position of the Americans. The British had dispersed the Lexington militia, and marching to Concord, 
 began to seize and destroy stores. The men of Concord and the surrounding towns determined to oppose their further advance. Four hundred and fifty Ameri- 
 cans took up a position at this bridge. Volleys were exchanged and two men killed on either side. The dead British soldiers are buried to the left under the 
 trees. 
 
OLD POWDER HOUSE. SOMERVILLE. 
 An interesting Colonial relic, erected in 1704. It stands in Nathan Tufts Park. 
 Here on September 1. 1774. General Gage seized two hundred and fifty half-barrels 
 of gunpowder belonging to the Provincials. This was the first openly hostile act 
 of the British, provoking a great assembly on Cambridge Common, which met in 
 protest. The tower was afterward the magazine of the American Army besieging 
 Boston. 
 
 WASHINGTON ELM. CAMBRIDGE. 
 Still standing at the junction of Mason and Garden Streets. A tablet bears 
 Longfellow's simple inscription. "Under this tree Washington took command of 
 the American Army. July 3d. 1775." T..is venerable tree was well advanced in 
 years when the event took place which made it famous. It is now beginning to 
 exhibit signs of decay and will probably not survive another century. 
 
I 
 
 HISTORIC MARBLEHEAD. 
 Marblehead was settled in 1629. and was a part of Salem until 1649. Tucker's Wharf has been a landing place since 1642. Old Fort Sewall. built by the 
 British in 1742. was used for a defense against them in 1812. The well of the Old Fountain Inn is where Sir Henry Frankland first met Agnes Surriage. a beautiful 
 hand-maiden. He became infatuated, educated her, and afterward made her Lady Frankland. The Old Town House, built 1727. has resounded to the eloquence of 
 famous men. Moll Pitcher, of Revolutionary fame, served a cannon at the battle of Monmouth in place of her husband who had been killed. She was commissioned 
 a sergeant by Washington. 
 
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