' :' 'i "■'\ ■ > ■■ ^ ^H^^^^^^^^^'^^^^^^fH^f^ k ' J ^ 1 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, PHESBNTBD BY :2-5t^ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. PHELPS' NEW YORK CITY GUIDE; BEING A POCKET DIRECTOEY FOR STRANGERS AND CITIZENS TO THE PROMINEKT OBJECTS OF IITEREST IN THE GREAT COMMERCIAL METROPOLIS, AND CONDUCTOR TO ITS ENVIRONS. WITH ENGRAVINGS OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS. NEW YORK: ENSIGN, BRIDGMAN, & FANNING, 156 WILLIAM ST. 1854. P5t Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1852, Br PHELPS, FANNING, & CO., in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Southern District of New York. STEREOTYPED BY C. C. SAVAGE, GROSSMAN & SON, PRINTERS. PEEFACE 1'he city of New York is the great commercial centre of the United States, and holds an important relation to the entire civilized world. Every intelli- gent citizen of the nation feels an interest in knowing the extent and resources of the city. Its march of improvement has been so rapid that the oldest citizens have but an imperfect knowledge of its extent and splendor. Not one in a hundred, if asked the ques- tion, what the city contains worth seeing, and how its objects of interest can be reached, would be able to answer the question intelligibly. Multitudes who visit New York, are imposed upon by extravagant demands for small services, rendered in the way of hack and cab hire, porterage, &c. An immense amount of time is wasted ; and the stranger is often discouraged in not being able, in the mazes of this great Metropolis, to settle the question of what is most worthy of notice, and on returning to his home finds VI PREFACE. that he has failed to see the very things that would have most interested him. Refer to the index of this book, and at a glance you have before you directions to the public buildings, such as Churches ; Institutions for public charities, embracing Asylums for the Insane, Deaf and Dumb, Blind, Orphans, Aged and Indigent Females, Homes for the Friendless, for Sailors, &;c., Hospitals, Prisons, Cemeteries, Public Gardens, Prom- enades, Parks, Keservoirs, and Fountains — showing the public facilities for reaching them at small ex- pense, also the times when they are open to visit- ers; Ferries; Steamboat, Stage, and Railroad Lines (to the environs of the city), with the ordinary rates of charge ; legal fare of Hack and Cabmen, and Porters ; distances from the Battery and Park to various points in and about the city — in short, all that would be worth the time and attention of the citizen and stranger. With this work, which costs but a trifle, dollars may be saved in facilitating an examination of the city, and the stranger be grati- fied with seeing, at small expense, that which other- wise would entirely escape his notice. INDEX. PAGE Academy of Design, National. . . 35 Academy, Free 32 Almshouse Department 37 Am. Institute of the City of N. Y. 34 Am. Seamen's Friend Society. . . 36 Apprentices' Librarv 34 Asylum. Deaf and Dnmb 24 Asylum for Insane, Bloomingd.. 20 Astoria 77 Astor Libraiy 33 Asylum for Friendless Boys 24 Banks in New York 59 Battery Blind, N. Y. Institution for the.. 2fi Bloomingdale ; 82 Blonm'le Asylum for the Insane. 20 Bloomingdale Square 49 Botmd Brook 90 Bowlincf-Green 46 Brooklyn 71 Brooklyn Churches 73 Brooklyn Societies, Institutions, Banks. &c 72 Brooklyn Dry Dock 69 Brooklyn Street Directory 74 Bull's Fer ;-y 83 Carmanville 82 Cartmen 57 Castle-Garden 46 Cattle Markets 94 Cemeteries 66, 67 Census of City 11 Charitable Institutions 19 Churches in New York 41-45 Churches in Brooklyn 73 Churches in Williamsburgrh 76 City Hall 11 City Hall Park 47 Coaches: Legal Rates of Fare.. 56 Colored Home 24 Colored Home for Seamen 36 Colored Orphan Asylum 22 Colleges 30-31 Columbia College 30 Coney Island 80 Croton Aqueduct SO Croton Reservoir 50 Custom-House 14 Crystal Palace 96 Deaf and Dumb Asylum 24 1 PAGE Dearman 85 Dispensaries SO Distances in New York City 61 Dobb's Ferry 84 Dry Dock, Brooklyn 69 Expresses 95 Elizabethport 88 Elizabethtown 83 Environs of New York 71 Episc. Theological Seminary ... 32 Female Guardian Society and Home for the Friendless 26 Ferries 55 Flatbush 78 Flushing- 77 Fire Department 51 Fordham 82 Fort Hamilton 79 Fort Lee 85 Free Academy 32 Gallery of Fine Arts 3.5 Gas Works 37 General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen 34 Gramercv Park 48 Graveserid Village 80 Great Park 49 Green Point 78 Greenwood Cemetery 66 Hackney Coaches and Carriages 56 Halls of Justice and City Prison 28 Hall of Records 16 Hamilton Square 49 Harlem 81 Hastings 84 Hicksville 78 High Bridge 51 Historical Sketch of the City ... 9 Historical Society, New York .. 33 Hoboken 87 Home, Colored 24 Home for the Friendless 26 Horse Market 94 Hospital, New York 30 Hotels in New York 93 House of Refuge 28 Industrial Temperance Union. . . 26 Insane Asylum, Bloomingdale . . 20 INDEX. PAGE Institutions, various 38 Insurance Companies 60 Islands near tlie City 68 Jamaica 79 Jersey City 87 Key Port 92 Laiting Tower 95 Leake and Watts Orphan House 20 Libraries, Public 33 Lon? Branch 91 Lyceum of Natural History 34 Madison Square 48 ManhattHH Square 49 ManhHttanville 82 Marine Hospital 36 Markets 52, 95 Martyrs' Tomb and Prison Ships 70 Medical College. New York 31 Medical Collesje (University)... 31 Mercantile Libmry Association. 33 Merchant's Exchange 12 Middletown Point 92 Morrisania 82 Mott Haven 82 Morristown 90 Mount Morris 49 National Acndemy of Design .. 35 Navy Hospital 70 Navy Yfird, Brooklyn 69 New^ark 88 New Brighton 81 New Brunswick 89 New Citv Hall 14 New Rochelle 80| Newtown 78 New Utrecht 79 New York College of Physicians and Surtreons 31 New York Gailevv of Fine Arts. 35 New York Historical Society... 33 New York Hospital ".... 30 N. Y. Institution for the Blind .. 26 New York Medical Collegre .... 31 New York Mercantile Library Association 33 New York Orphan Asylum 22 New York Society Library 33 Ocean Steamers 58 Omnibuses 58 Orphan Asyhim (Colored) 22 Orphan A.syluui. New York 22 Orphan House, Leake &. Watts. . 20 Parks 46, 47, 48, 49 Paterson 88 PACE Perth Amboy 90 Piermont 85 Postoffice 12 Public Porters 58 Rahway 89 Railroad Depots 53 Railroad Routes and Distances.. 94 Ravenswood 78 Redbank 91 Reservoirs, Croton 50 Rockaway Beach 79 Rotunda 14 Rutgers Female Institute 32 Sailor's Home 86 Sailor's Home (Colored) 36 Sailor's Snug Harbor 37 Sandy Hook 91 Scotch Plains 90 Seaman's Friend Society 36 Seaman's Retreat 37 Shrewsbury 91 Sing-Sing 8G Societies and Institutions 38, 39, 40 Society Library, N. Y 33 South Amboy 90 State Arsenal 35 Staten Island 80 Steamboat Lines 54 St. John's Park 47 Street Directory, New York ..62-65 Do do Brooklyn 74 Stiiyvesant Square 48 Suffenis 85 Tarrytown 85 Telegraph Comiianies 92 Temperance Union, Industrial.. 26 Theological Seminarv, Episc.... 32 Do do Union. .. 32 Tombs, or City Prison 28 Tompkins Square 48 Trinity Church 16 Tuckuhoe 83 Union Park 48 Union Theological Seminary 32 United States Naval Lyceum 69 Unversiiy Medical Coiltye 31 University of the City of N. Y. . . 31 Washington Square 47 Weehawken 87 West Point 86 White Plains 83 Williamsburgh 76 Yonkers 84 Yorkville 81 PHELPS' NEW YORK CITY GUIDE. -^.'v./^w/xrw^ mSTORICAL SKETCH OF NEW YOEK CITY. New York, the first city on the American continent in population, conunerce, and wealth, is situated at the southern extremity of Man- hattan Island, at the confluence of the North and East rivers, in lati- tude 4(P 42' 43" north, and longitude 3*^ 1' 13" east from Washington City. The beautiful Manhattan Island was the resort of the Indian tribes of the Hudson, when the hunting season was over among the Highlands and the forests between them and the sea ; and where the great me- tropolis now stands, those children of the forest had their villages, and feasted upon the fish of the bay, less than two and a half centuries ago. Tlie first white man who entered the Narrows, and looked upon the waters of the spacious harbor of New York, was Verrazzani, a Florentine in the employ of the French government. Eighty-six years afterward (1609), Henry Hudson, a navigator in the employ of the Dutch East India company, explored the harbor, and sailed up the river which now bears his name, as far as the mouth of the Mohawk, more than 160 miles from the sea. By virtue of this discovery and exploration, the states-general of Holland claimed IManhattan and the surrounding country as their own, and named the territory New Neth- erlands. In 1G14, some Dutch merchants associated for the purpose of trading in furs with the Indians. They built a ti-ading-hoxise and fort on the site of Albany ; and in 161 5, they erected a fort on Manhattan, near the present Trinity church. The company v/as incoi-porated in 1620, and called the Dutch West India company. In 1623, they built a new fort on the site of the Bowling-Green, at the foot of Broad- way. About 1630, a pennanent settlement was fairly commenced. Governors were ap})ointed, and when the ibundations of the city of Boston were laid l^y the puritans, a Dutch coramonweahh was com- menced upon the Hudson river. The city wloich soon appeared was called New Amsterdam, and from it adventurers went out to form new settlements upon the Delaware. The Dutch held possession of New Netherlands until 16G4, when the Engli^^h monarch having made a present of the whole territory between the Connecticut river and the Delaware, to his brother, the duke of York, a fleet camp to secure the donation to its new owner. Peter St\iyvesant, the la«t Dutch governor, was corajjelled to resign his govern) n«nt into the hands of Robert Nichols, the commander of tlie fleet, and th^ city and territory were named New York, in honor of the duke. The fort at Bowling-Green, which was named Fort 1* iO HSSTORICAL SKETCH OF NEW YORK CITY. George at a later period, was strengthened, and remained until, aftei our revolutionary war. In 1673, a Dutch squadron took possession of the city, and the %%-hole of the duke's domain was again in possession of the Hol- landers. A f"w months afterward, it reverted to the English, by treaty. From that period the English held possession until 1783, wht'Ti the independence of the United States was estabUshed. The city hnd steadily progi-essed in population and commerce, and when the British ai-my evacuated it in November, 1783, that little town of less than 2,000 inhabitants when it passed into the hands of the Enghsh, had swollen to a city of 23,000 people. For a short time in 1776, the city was in possession of the American army under Washington. After the disastrous battle near Brooklyn, in August of that year, the British, under General Howe, took posscs- Bion, and hold it until the close of the war. Its evacuation by them on the 25th of November, 1783, was the occasion of great rejoicing. It was during the occupancy of the Americans in 1776, that the Dec- laration of Independence was promulgated, and on the night after it was received in New York, the populace pulled down the leaden Btatue of George the Third, which stood in the Bowling-Green. It was afterward castinto bullets, and in that shape sent to the enemy. Soon after the Americans vdthdrew, a fire destroyed a large portion of the city. Four hundred and ninety-three houses were burned. The British charged the conflagration upon the Americans ; it was proba^ bly accidental. While the British held possession of the city, churches, sugar-houses, and other large buildings, were used as prisons and hospitals. The Middle Dutch church (now the post-office) was converted into an arena for instiiiction in horsemanship. Hundi-eds suffered, and many died in the Provost prison (now the Hall of Records), and thousands per- ished on board the prison-ships moored in the East river. The first congress under the federal constitution held its session in New York ; and at the old city-hall (on the site of the customhouse), Washington, the first president of the United States, was inaugurated in 1789. " The old fort at the Bowling-Green was taken down the pre- vious year, and the ground levelled to the extent of about one half of the present Batteiy. When the first president was inaugurated, the city contained a population of 33,000 ; now, sixty years later, it con- tains over half a million, and with its suburban cities of Brooklyn and Williamsburg, three quarters of a million. Its future glory in popula- tion, wealth, and influence, who shall estimate ? Its spacious harbor, wherein the navies of the whole world might ride m safety ; its seat at the mouth of a noble river, upon whose bosom floats a vast fleet, laden with the products of a fertile state ; its strong amis of iron ways, reaching out in every direction to bring inland trade to its borders, and scatter the products of other lands among our people ; the salu- brity of its location ; the overflowing supply of pure water ; extensive Bewerag(>, and other sanitary provisions ; the excellence of its free schools, wherein every child may be educated ; the probity of its mer- chants ; th J skill and industry of its mechanics ; and the high moral and religious character of its inhabitants in general, are elements of prosperity and greatness which promise to make New York the chief city of the world. Its statistics, and particular notices of its public institutions and •uburban features, may be found in other portions of this little work„ POPULATION OF NEW YORK — CITY HALL. II Census of the City at different periods. Tear. Population. 1653 1,120 1661 1,743 1675 2,580 1696 4,455 1730 8,256 1756 10,530 1774 22,861 1786 23,688 1790 33,131 1800 60,489 1805 75,587 IglO 96373 1820 123,706 1825 166,136 1830 202,589 1835 270,089 1840 312,710 1845 371,280 1850 515,394 In lo50. Ward 1 19,755 II 6,616 " III 10,350 " IV 23,256 " V 22.691 « VI., 24.699 " VII 32,697 « VIII 34,413 " IX 40,675 « X 23,316 " XI 43,772 « XII 10,453 " XIII 28,244 « XIV 25,206 " XV 22,564 " XVI 52,887 " XVII 43.780 "XVIII 31.557 " XIX 18,463 515,394 CITY-HAIL. The City-Hall may be regarded as one of the finest specimens of architectural beauty of any building in the city, and with the exception of the Capitol at Washington, second to none in the country. It stands in the midst of a beautiful park of aboiit ten acres, and shows to great advantage. It is 216 feet long, 105 broad, and 65 feot high, and com- bines the Ionic, Corinthian, aud Composite orders of architecture, lisitig in regular gradations. The front and ends, from the basement, are built of^white marble from Stockbridge, Mass. ; the rear of free- stone from N. Y. Rising from the centie of the roof is a cupoIa;> overlooking a large part of the city, in vs^hich is stationed a sentinel whose business it" is to give alarm in case of fire. On the top of this cupola is a figure of Justice. A little beneath is a four-dial clock, of superior workmanship, and is beautifully illuminated at night. By the side, in the rear, rises a tower, in which there is a massive bell, weighing 9,910 lbs., and which is rung only in case of fire. Its deep tones can be heard for several miles distant. This building contains a large number of rooms for various pur- poses. In the basement the Marine Court is held ; there is also the ofliice of the chief of police, the sheriff's jury, etc. On the first floor is the mayor's office, the coxmty clerk's, city library, clerk of the com- mon council, etc. Ascending by a winding flight of stairs to the second Btory, we find the governor^ room, 52 by 20leet. This is principally nsed for the reception of distinguished visiters. It is decorated with Bome of the finest portraits of some of our most honored statesmen and chieftains. Here may be seen the writing-desk of Washington, upon which he penned his first message to Congress. In the wingg ■re the common council chambers for the aldermen and assistant tldensen. The aklennen's ia furnished with the chairs used by the 12 PQSTOFFICE. — merchants' EXCHANGE. first congress, and the one occupied by the mayor is that in which ttie immortal Washington was inau^irated first president of the United btates. The other rooms are used for various courts. This edifice was nine years in building, and cost $538,734. Open for visiters at all hours of the day. POSTOFFICE. The buUding occupied by the Postoffice belongs to the corpora, toon of the Middle Dutch church, and was their place of worship from the close of the 17th century until 1844. It is the oldest church edifice now remaining m the city. A great part of the wood-work of the steeple, completely wrought, was brought from Holland : the buHd- mg Itself IS of stone. During the Revolution, it was near the upper verge of the city its location being upon Nassau, Cedar, and Liberty streets, men the British first took possession of the city in 1776 they used it as a barracks for the soldiers. It was afterward converted mto an hospital ; and finally the pews were removed, and it was made a ndmg-school In 1790, it was repaired, and again devoted to the worship of God. In 1844, the general govermnent leased it for seven years, for the purposes of the Postoffice ; and in 1851, a further lease was obtained for fourteen years at $10,000 per annum. Having, in addition to its city business, that of a general distributing Postoffice, a great amount of labor is performed there, the number of clerks hav- mg increased from six to about ninety within thirty years thJ^\ ^A ^?^ 'ieli^'ery are from 7| o'clock A. M. till 6^ P.'m., between the 1st of October and the 1st of April ; and from 7| A. M. till 7 P M from the 1st of April to the 1st of October. It is opened for an hour m the mommg, and again at noon, on Sundays. MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE. ^X7^" building occixpies the entire block of ground between WaH. Wilham Hanover streets, and Exchange placi, the same site of the former Exchange, which was destroyed in the great fire in 1835 It is built m the most substantial manner, of Quincy granite, and is fire- proof. It IS 200 by 171 feet, 77 high to the comicVand 124 to the top ot the dome. A recessed portico fronts on Wall street, in which are 18 Grecian columns, 38 feet high, and 4^ feet in diameter at their base. Each 13 formed from a smgle block, and weighs from 43 to 45 tons Their entire cost was $55,000. The rotunda, which is the princinai room is m the centre of the building. Its diameter is 80 feet and its L?^ w'lT''- -^^ V' «u"?o"^ted by a dome, in which there is a large skyhght, nsing from the centre, resting in part on 8 Corinthian fluted columns, of Italian marlile, 41 feet high, and five feet in diameter Ihere are a large number of rooms on each side of the rotunda, which are rented fcr offices, etc. The building is owned by a company of capitalists who, though they do not find it a very profitable invest ment, do find it a very great convenience to the commercial communitv It 13 a fine ornament to that part of the city friS S^'I'^lo 5 P° M^ ^"'''"^ "^^ $1,500,000. Open free to visitem mm 14 CUSTOMHOUSE.— NEW CITY-HALL.— ROTUNDA. CUSTOMHOUSE. This buildiug' stands on the comer of Wall atid Nageau streets, eX tending through to Pine street. It occupies the ground where once stood the old Federal hall, in the open gallery of which Gen, Washing' ton Was inaugurated the first president of the United States of Nortn America. It is unsurpassed in the beauty of its design, and the dura» biUty of its construction. The principal material is white marble, from Massachtisetts. Its style of architectitre is ptirely Doric, in imitation of the Pantheon at Athens. The building is in the form of a parallelogram. 200 feet long, and 00 wide ; the height is 80 feet. Fronting on Wall street is a portico, with 8 Doric columns, 32 feet high, and 5 feet 10 inches in (fiameter. This is reached by a flight of 18 granite steps. The rotunda, or principal hall for the transaction of business, is 60 feet in diameter, and is lighted by a skyU^ht from the top. The dome Is supported by 16 Corinthian columns, adorned with caps of exquisite Workmanship. The roof is of granite. The Whole Was eight years in building, at a cost of nearly $2,000,000. Visiters can have acceee from 10 A. M. to 3 P. M. NEW cmr-HAiL. The New City-Hali, is situated on the north part of the park, on Chambers street. It is a plain, substantial two-story btiilding, 260 feet long, and 60 Wide, and Was ibrmerly occupied as an almshouse. It has been remodelledj and some additions made to it, and is now used for a variety of public offices and court rooms. The United States and Supreme Courts are held here. Some of the principal offices are the city inspector's, the receivers of taxes, collector of assessments, corporation and district attorneys', etc., etc. THE ROTUNDA. This edifice, of circular form, with a larg^e dome, standinsj near the northeast comer of the Park, was erected m 1818, by John Vanderlyn, the eminent painter, for the purpose of exliibitino^ panoramic pictures. It is 54 feet in diameter, with a Doric front on the Park, and was neat and graceful in appearance when it stood alone, When Mr. Vanderlyn took up hie residence in Europe, it Was devoted to other purposes than that of art. It was occupied by the Marine Court, then the city post- office, and now it is devoted to the use of the Croton water depart^ inent, and the governors of the almshouse. • On the west side of the Rotunda stands a fine fire-proof brown styne building, three stories in height, and 105 feet long by 72 teet wide, which is occupied by the register of the county, the United States Court, and the Court of Sessions. At the northeast comer of the Park^ another brown stone building has been erected, 70 feet long by 55 feet wide. Which is occupied bj Fire and Hose Companies on the first floor. The upper part is usetf for the Fourth and Sintk Ward Courts, and for other pubUo pur posei. 16 HALL OF RECORD?. — TKINITY CHURCH HALL CE EECOEBS. This liuildhig is sinidUd in th:i Taik, a fhort distnncr northeast of the city-hall. It was built of coaive brown stone, and used as a city pri.-^on. During the prevalence of the cholera in 1832, it was Con- verted into uTi hospital. Since that time the interior has been thorough- lly re)nodi'lfd, and made fireproof, the exterior stuccoed in imitation of marlile, and a portico, .supported b}"- four Ionic pillar.?, added to each end, giving it a neat and graceful appearance. It now contains the county clerk's oftice, in which the records of the city are kept ; also, olSces for the comptroller, surrogate, and street commissioner. This was the old provost-jail ~of New York, where the uotoriona Cunningham exercised his cruel authority over the American pris- oners captured at the battle of Long Island, Fort Washington, and elsewhere ; and from its walls that young martyr. Captain Nathan Hale, was led out to execution on the gallows, wliich stood where Burton's Theatre now is, in Chambers street. TRINITY CHUBCH, BROADWAY. This elegant structure is situated upon Broadway, at the head of Wall street, and appropriately keeps " watch and ward" over the street morals of that court of Mammon. The corporation is one of the old- est, and by far the wealthiest of the kind in the United States. Its riches consist principally of real estate in the city of New York, now valued at several millions of dollars. The first place of worship in the city was a small wooden building in the fort at Bowling-Green, and known as the Dutch church. When the English took possession of the city in 1664, episcopal .service was held there, and it was called " the king's chapel." This was the parent of the episcopal churches in America. The first edifice erected upon its present site was reared in 1696, during the reign of William and Mary. Queen Anne endowed it, and presented it with silver communion plate. The building waa enlarged in 1735, and again in 1737. In the great conflagration in 1776, it was destroyed, and was not rebuilt until after the war. The new edifice was completed in 1790. In 1839 it was demohshed, and the present costly sti-ucture was commenced. It was completed in 1846. The material of which Trinity church is built is a handsome brown stone from New Jersey. The architect was Mr. Upjohn; the orna- mental stone work was wrought under the direction of the late Mr. Thom, the Scotch sculptor, whose beautiful composition, " Old Mor- tality," gz-aces the entrance to Laurel Hill cemetery, near Philadelphia, The edifice is 199 feet in length, by 80 in width, with walls 60 feet high. The style is Gothic, of the chastest chaiacter. The tower and epiire, the most elaborate and costly in this country, rise to an altitude of 284 feet. In the tower is an excellent chime of bells, which send forth their music every day. The tower and spire are open to visiters daily, except on Sunday and during the morning and evening sei-vices, winch occur from nine to half-past nine in the morning, and from three to half-past three in the afternoon. Visiters may ascend by, a spiral stairway of 308 steps to the height of 250 feet, whence a mag- nificent view of the city and surrounding scenery may be obtained. The best position from which to view this gorgeous panorama is the battlements at the ba«e of the spire. All aro*nd you perceive the roofs and chimneys of the gi-eat city, seemingly piled in confusion, TBDnXT CHUECK 18 NEW YORK FROM TRINITY CHURCH TOWER. and stretching away northward to the extent of vision. On the west, south, and east, there is a fringe of merchant-ships and smaller craft at their moorings, while the expanse of waters is dotted with moving vessels propelled by steam, wafted by the breeze, or moved by the strong arm of the oarsmen. Loolving eastward beyond the metropolis, another city looms up in grandeur, and beauty, having only a narrow dividing line of water, over which stately ferry boats are plying every moment. That is Brooklyn, a city of the present century, and one of the wonders of progress which our country exhibits. It lies upon some of the gentle hills whence our forefathers watched the landing of hostile troops upon our shores, and whei'e they fought and fell in defence of their hearths and families. Look a little further southward, and you may see the beautiful undulations of Greenwood cemeteiy, beyond the village of Gowanus. It, too, is a populous city — a city of the dead. Still further southward, you may perceive the high banks near the Narrows, the gate of the harbor opening from the sea, whereon stands Fort Hamil- ton, one of the guardians of the portal. There, and on the beach below, the British army landed in August, 1776, after crossing in boats from Staten island, and marched to attack the patriots upon the Greenwood hills, near Flatbush and Bedford. Look northward of Brooklyn : there is another city, the wonderful outgrowth of New York, spreading out upon a gentle slope, in every direction, from the water. That is Williamsburgh ; and beyond it along the southern shore of the East river, are the germs of other cities — Greenpoint, Ravenswood, and Astoria. Extending the vision beyond them, you may see the white houses of Newtown, the spires of Flushing, and the top of the tower upon Cypress Hills, where is another city of the dead rapidly populating. Away to the northeast stretches the East river, broken by Blackwell's island, with its prison and almshouse ; and you can almost see Fort Schuyler, upon Throg's Point, where the army of General Howe first touched our continent, A little nearer is Kip's bay, opposite Newtown creek, where British soldiers first set foot upon Manhattan island during the Revolution, Northward, the horizon is bounded by the city, and from your feet starts a noble avenue, thronged with vehicles and pedestrians, and glittering with the brilliant temples of trade. You see it narrowing in perspective, until appai-ently terminated by the white spire and gothic turrets and pinnacles of Grace church, almost two miles distant. That is Broadway. Again cast your vision downward, and then look east- ward. You see Wall street, with its throng of speculators, and the granite and marble palaces of the money-changers. You look upon the roofs of the marble customhouse, and granite Merchants' Ex- change, and glancing over the segment of a circle aroimd northward and westward, you may see portions of almost every public building in the great metropohs and its ambitious sister, Brooklyn. Now look to the northwest. With a spyglass you may see the flag- staff which stands among the movmds of old Fort Washington, where 3,000 patriots were made prisoners in the autumn of 1776. Beyond you perceive the blue domes of the Highlands, and the magnificent wall of the Palisades, from among which the broad Hudson comes flowing, with its rich merchant fleets. Near the southern termination of the Palisades may be seen another staff; it is the lofty one from which the telegraph wires are stretched across the river. There stood Fort Lee, which fell into the hands of the British soon after Fort CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 19 Washington was captnred. Near by is Weehawkeii, upon the hills ; and down in a beautiful little valloy there, near the Hudson, General Alexander Hamilton ft-ll in a duel with Colonel Aaron Burr. Follow- ing the Jersey shore down the river, you may perceive glhnpses of the green Elysian fields, and then the village of Hoboken bursts into view from among the trees. Turning westward, you see another city upon the verge of the waters, covering a peninsula, and stretching back toward the Bergen hills. That is Jersey city, in the state of New Jersey. Looldng over and beyond its chinmeys and spires, the eye seems at first to perceive a vast burial-ground upon a green slope. That, too, is a city of the living — Newark, the largest in New Jersey, and really anothrr suburb of New York. How its wliite houses glitter in the morning sun, and seem to recline like marble moniunents upon the bosom of the hills ! Look still further southward, and you may see Bergen Point and Elizabethport, and beyond there the spires of Ehzabethtown ; all places of historic note. Turning southward, Staten island lies green and beautiful, with its villages sparkling like jewels upon a coronet. New Brighton, Rich- mond, Tompkinsville. and the Quarantine, are all in full view. Between you and the island is the noble bay of New York ; beyond it, and in- visible from our point of view, is the more spacious Raritan h stone wall, enclosinir between .*J and 4 acres. This institution was incorporated, by an act of the Legislature, on the twenty-ninth day of March, 1824, and was first locatcid at Madison square, corner of Bloomingdale road and Twenty-third street. About the year 1836, it was removod to its pi'esent locatitni. In 18.50, the corporation, deeming their present location in some respects objection- ilble, purchased about 10 acres of land on the southern part of Ward's I^^lanl, where the institution is to be removed as soon as suitable buil lings can be erected ; which vdll probalily be about 1853. The object of the institution is the reclaiming of juvenile delinquents. The children are taught useful trades, and trained to habits of industry. A course of mental and religious insti-uction is pursued ; and the most perfect neatness and orde~r pervade the entire establishment. About three hundred boys, and something less than one hundred girls, are there under a course of discipline ; and whenever good places can be obtained, they are, by a committee of the institution, apprenticed to per-ons applyinir for them. The childi-en can be visited Ijy their pa- rents on the first Monday of January, April, July, and October. They can be visited by citizens generally on Wednesday and Friday of each week. 30 HOSPITAL. — DISPENSARIES. — COLLEGE. NEW YOEK HOSPITAI. This Hospital ia on Broadway, opposite Pearl street, and occupies most of the block between Anthony and Duane street. It was founded in 1771, by Earl Dinsmore, then governor of the colony of New York. The buildings stand on elevated ground, and are well adapted to their use. The object of this institution is twofold. One is to furnish a com- fortable place to those who are sick and destitute of suitable care, and yet are able to pay a moderate sum for the same. The other is, to be a kind of centre where persons who are talien suddenly ill, or have met with serious accident, may be taken and cared for. The whole is fitt*»d up with much taste and comfort, iuid is suppUed with the best of medical attendance. This institution is under the supervision of the Board of Health of the city of New York. A large library is connected with the institution. The committee meet on Tuesdays and Fridays, .at 10^, A. M., to receive patients. On Tuesdays and Fridays, from 3, P. M. till sunset, visiters are admitted. Friends of the very sick admitted every day. THE DISPENSAETES. The New ■ York Dispensary is situated at the comer of Centre and White streets. It was organized hi 1790, and incorporated in 1795. The district comprehends all that part of the city lying between the Battery, Spring street, Broadway, Fourteenth street. First avenue, Allen and Pike streets. The Eastern Dispensary is located at the comer of Ludlow strev^t and Essex market-place, and was founded in 1834. Its limits are pre- scribed by the section of the citj' lying east of Pike and Allen streets, First avenue, and below Fouiteenth street. The Northern Dispensary, located at the comer of Waverly place Km\ Christopher street, was founded in 1829. Its boundaries are from Spring sti-eet to Foity-second street, west of Broadway and Fourth avenue. The Demilt Dispensary, situated at the comer of Twenty-third stre(?t and Second avenue, was incorporated in 1851. Its name was derived fi-om the largest contribution to its endowment. The limits include that section lying between Fourteenth and Fortieth streets, east of Fourth avenue. These dispensaries are designed to furnish medicine, and medical and surgical advice, gratuitously, to such persons as are unable to pro- cure them by reason of poverty. Physicians are in attendance at the institutions daily, and also visit at houses when the occasion requires, for these pui-poses. They are supported by grants from the legislature, the corporation, and pzivate subscriptions. COLUMBIA COLLEGE. This most ancient seat of learning in the city of New York is beau tifuUy situated at the western termination of Park place. Its grounds cover the area bounded by Barclay, MuiTay, and Church sti-eets and West Broadway, or College place. The building of the grammar-school is situated upon Murray street. Within the last few years a dwelln^ has been erected upon the comer of College place and Murray su'ee^ COLUMBIA COLLEGE. UNIVERSITY &C. 31 and a hotel Tipon the comer of Murray and Church streets. The remainder of the ground,*, not covered by the main-edifice, is occupied as a campus, or place of recreation, and shaded by lofty and venerable trees, and ornamented with shi-ulibeiy. The college-edifice is two hundred feet in length, and fifty in brcadtli, with extensive wings. Cohmibia College was chartered by George II. in 17.54, and was called King's College, which name it bore until after the Revolution. Many of the leading men in that struggle, both for and against the imperial government, were educated within its walls. Among the brightest pa- triots educated there, we may mention the name of Alexander Hamil- ton. From its halls have gone forth many men whose influences have been felt in our public councils frona the Revolution to the present time, Its professorships are liberally endowed ; and it is generally filled to its capacity with students. UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. This institution is located upon the east side of Washington square, between Washington and Waverly places. The building is of West- chester marble, one hundred and eighty feet in length, and one hun- dred in -ividth. Its stj'le is Gothic, and the composition after the fo:Tii of English college-architecture. In addition to the rooms devoted to learning, it conttxins a fine chapel, decorated with beautiftil oak car- vings, and lighted chiefly by a superb, stained-glass window in Iront, fifty feet in height and twenty-four feet wide." The University waa founded in 1831 : the edifice was completed in 1836. It is now one of the most prosperous institutions of the kind in the state. TJNTVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE. This is connected with the University, and ia under the general supervision of its chancellor and ti-ustees. Its rooms were formerly in the Stuveysant Institute, on Broadway. A new building has been recently erected on Fourteenth street, between the Third and Fourth avenues, where its fine libraiy and physiological collection are de- posited. It is under the immediate direction oi able professors, whose clinical lectures afford to students rare opportunities for practical instiiiction. NEW YORK COLLEGE OF PHYSICI^S AND SURGEONS. This institution was founded by the Regents of the state of New York, in 1791, and chartered by the legislature in 1807. It is located upon Crosby street, No. 57. It contains'an extensive libraiy and physio- logical collection. The medical department of Columbia College was merged into this institution. Under able professors, it vies with the University Medical College, in its claims upon public regard. Its mu- eeum may be visited by applying to the janitor, on the premises. NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE. This is a new and flourishing institution, founded in 1851, and located on Thirteenth street, between Third and Fourth avenues. Under the management of a board of able physicians, it promises much for the future. It has now a large library and physiological collection. 32 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARIES, ETC. EPISCOPAL THEOLOGICAL SEMINAEY. The General Theolo^cal Seminary of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States is situated on Twentieth street, between the Ninth and Tenth avenues. The two buildings are of stone, in the Gothic style, each one hundred and ten feet in length and fifty feet in width. It was incorporated in 1822. It contains a library of more than eleven thousand volumes, composed chiefly of works of a religious character, or such as are necessary for the student preparing for the clerical duties of the church. Its affairs are managed by a board of directors chosen from the great body of the church throughout the Union, as it is not a local institution ; _ and by a faculty of learned pro- fessors. Its professorship of Ecclesiastical History was mxmificently endowed by the late Peter G. Stuyvesant, Esq. THE UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. This institution is situated on University place. No. 9, between Waverly place and Eighth street. It is under the management of presbyterians ; yet students are received from all evangelical denomi- nations, if possessed of the requisite testimonials relative to religious chai'acter. It was founded in 1836. Its Ubraiy contains almost nine- teen thousand volumes. The object of the institution is to educate young men for the gospel-ministry ; and for this purpose it maintains an eincient faculty. FREE ACADEMY. This institiition is located at the comer of Twenty-third street and Lexington avenue. It was incorporated, by an act of the legislatiire, in 1847, but did not go into full operation till 1849. In the meantime, a building was erected, one hundred and twenty-five by eighty feet, at an expense of $.50,000. $22,000 was paid for the ground; for the fixtures, together with the apparatus, $12,000 mone — making in all, #84,000. The school is now in successful operation, under talented professors, and affords some of the finest advantages of learning of any instiUidon in our coiintiy. No pupil can enter under twelve years of age ; and, among other qualifications, he must have been connected with some ward or public school for the term of eighteen months. RUTGERS FEMALE INSTITUTE. This seminai-y for young ladies is pleasantly situated upon Madison street, near Clinton sti-eet. The edifice is of granite, surrounded by shade-trees and shrabbery. It was incorporated in 1838, and has al- ways been a flourishing institution. It has a liljrary of almost three thousand vohunes, selected with great care ; and excellent philosophi- cal apparatus for illustrating the subjects of astronomy, chemistry, and other branches of science. Its course of instruction embraces histoiy, general philosophy, mathematics, and belles-lettres, by which young ladies are throughly prepared for the pursuit of general knowl- edge, for the duties oif teachers, and for that moral and intellectual power so necessary to be possessed by the mothers of our republic. LIBRARIES. — HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 33 NEW YORK SOCIETY LIBRARY. This is the oldest and most extensive public library in the United States. The building which contains it is of brown stone, ornamented with beautiful Ionic cohunns in front. It occupies a front of 50 feet upon Broadway, and 100 feet upon Leonard street. In its rear portion is a fine lecture-room, for public use. The cost of erection was 8112,500. This institution was first incorporated in the year 1700, under the name of " The Public Library of New York." Its name was changed to its present one in 1754. Upon its shelves are forty-two thousand volumes, many of them exceedingly rare and valuable. It has also an extensive reading-room, for the use of its members. The subscription-price for membership is ^25, and an annual tax of $6. Those tei-ms secure the privilege of free use of the library and reading- room for members and their families, under proper restrictions. Strangers may be introduced by members, for the purpose of visiting, or of consulting its books. NEW YORK MERCANTILE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. This valuable institution, designed specially for the benefit of mer- chants' clerks, is located in Clinton Hall, on the corner of Beekman and Nassaii streets. It was founded in 1820 ; and its membership, aa well as its officers and directors, is composed wholly of merchants' clerks. Its importance has been felt and recognised by the leading merchants of the city, who have contributed more than $50,000 to its library-fund. Next to the Society Library, its collection of Ijooks is the largest in the city, being about thirty-six thousand volumes. The inti-oduction-fee is $1, and the annual payment $2. At present, it con- tains about four thousand members. Citizens, other than merchants and merchants' clerks, may obtain the pri%Tleges of the library and reading-room, by permission of the directors, and an annual payment of $5." A course of lectures is given during the vnnter-season, by competent men, upon subjects connected with the progress and gen- eral well-being of society at large. THE ASTOR LIBRARY. The Astor Library is situated in Lafayette place, near Broadway. The buildinff is 65 feet by 120 feet, of brick, with brown stone base- ment. The floor of the library-rootn is 20 feet above the ground. It is well guarded against fire by having hollow walls. The vast collection of books has been selected with great care and expense from the dif- ferent countries of Europe, as well as from our own ; and the institu- tion will soon rank as one of the highest of its class in America. NEW YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY. This valuable and flourishing institution was founded in 1804. Its extensive library of rare books, and its collections of manuscripts and hi.^toi-ical relics, occupy several rooms in the New York University, on Washington square. A grant of S12.000 from the state, in 1804, togpth- er with private donations, enabled the society to purchase more than 2* 34 LIBRARIKS. AMERICAN INSTITUTE. tliirtoen thousand bound volumes, a large collection of naaps, charts. valuable pamphlets, tiles of newspapers, - iciNE, Chapel of the University Medical College. New York Bible and Commox Prayer Book Society, 20 John. New York Bible Society, Bible House, Astor place. New Y'ork City Sunday Schooi. Society (Meth. Epis.), 200 Mul- berry. New York City Temperance Alliance, 461 Broadway. *NewYork Gallery of Finb Arts. 663 Broadway. *New York Historical Society, University Buildings, Wooster, c. Waveiley place. New York Ladies' Home Mis- sionary Society (Meth. Epis.), Cross, c. Little Water st. New York Law Institute Li- brary, 12 New City-Hall. New York liY-CEUM of Natural History, Medical College, East Fourteenth st.. n. Fourth av. *New York Orphan Asylum, Bloomingdale, n. Tenth av. New York Pathological So- ciety, College of Physicans and Surgeons, 67 Crosby. New "York Port Society for Promoting the Gospel among Seamen, 80 Wall. *New Y'ork Society Library, removed from 348 Broadway, to Bible House, Astor place. New York Sunday School Teachers' Association, 147 Nassau. New York Sunday School Union. Biirk-Church Chapel. New York Typographical So- ciety, 3 Chambers. *Old Ladies' Asylum, Twentieth, bet. Second and Third avenues. Philharmonic Society, No. 722 Broadway. Polyglot Institute, 625 Broad- way. Presbyterian Board of Do- [ mestic Missions, 23 Centre, n. Chambers street. 40 SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS. Presbyterian Board of Educa- tion, 23 Ctiitip. Presbyterian Board of For EiGN Missions, '23 Centre. Presbyterian Board of Publi CATION, 23 Centre. Protestant Episcopal Tract Society, 20 John. Protestant Episcopal General Missionary Committee, No. 49 Chambers. Protestant Episcopal General Missionary Foreign Commit- tee, Bible House, Astor place. Protestant Episcopal Sunday School Union, 20 John. ProTESTANT Half Orphan Asy- LUM (Male and Female), Sixth av., bet. Tenth and Eleventh sts. Public School Society, Grand, cor. Elm. Roman Catholic Half Orphan Asylum, Prince, c. Mott. *E.UTGERS Female Institute, Madison, n. Clinton street. *Sailobs* Home, 190 Cherry. *Sailors' Snug Harbor, Agent, 115 Wall. Seamen's Fund and Retreat, Agent. 115 Wall. Seventh Day Baptist Mission- ary Society, 9 Spruce. Society for Promotion of Coi.- legiate and Theological Eiv ucation in the West, 80 Wall street. St. Patrick's Male Orphan Asy- lum, Fiftieth, n. Fourth avenue. Sunday School Union (Meth.X 200 Mulberry. The Home of Discharged Pris- oners, 190 Tenth avenue, n. Twenty-second street. "■Union Theological Seminary, 9 University place. *University of the City of New York, Washington square, n. Waverley place. ^University Medical College, Fourteenth, n. Fourth avenue. Whitehall Benevolent Soci- ety, 49 Whitehall st. THE AMERICAN BIBLE HOUSE. The building occupies the block of ground bounded by the Fourth avenue, Astor place. Third avenue, and Ninth street, and is six stories high, with cellars and vaults. The front on Foui th avenue is 199 feet, on Astor place 203 feet, on Third avenue 77 feet, and on Ninth street 233 feet, forming a front on the four streets of 712 feet, and 50 feet in depth, having alarge area in the centre. The height from the cellar to the roof is 74 feet. The principal entrance, on Fourth avenue, is dec- orated with four round columns, with Corinthian capitals and mould- ed bases, resting upon panelled and mouldt'd pedestiils, and semicircu- lar arches are placed between the columns to form the heads of doors, &c., and all surmounted with a heavy cornice and segment pediment. The whole of this noble establishment is so planned, that from the delivery of the paper in the sixth story to the presses, it proceeds downward regularly through its various stages of manufacture, until it arrives in books in the depository, with veiy little labor in hoisting from one story to another. There are superb stores on the Third and Fourth avenues, and in the second stories several of the religious and benevolent societies have offices in this building. Visiters will be cheerfully conducted through the building, as they may call. Conveyance every five minutes Irom the City-Hall, by Third and Fouith avenue cars, or Third avenue and Astor place etages. Fare, 6^ cents. CHURCHES IN NEW YORK. 41 CHURCHES IN NEW YORK. BAPTIST. Abyssinian (Col'd), 44 Anthony. Amity St., Amify, c. Wooster. Berean, Downing, c. Bedford. Bethesda. Chrystie. n. Delancy. Bloomingdale, Forty-third, n. Eisfhth avenue. Broadway, Twenty-third, near Fifth avenue. Cannon St.. Cannon, n. Broome. Ebenezer, West Thirty-sixth, n. Brocidway. First, Broome, c. Elizabeth. First German, 19 avenue A, n. Second. First Mariners, 234 Cherry, n. Rut_, '^^. H-OiOO o O 0DO5 OOOOtOCl-JOO n .. ^..| Sac^oo W „ OS o to n. . n P " ' ^- - ^ 56 HACKNEY-COACHES AND CARRIAGES. HACKNEY-COACHES AND CARRIAGES, WITH THE KATES OF FARE. " The prices or rates of fare to be taken by, or paid to, the owners or drivers of hackney-coaches or carriages, shall be as follows ; to wit : — " For conveying a passenger any distance not exceeding one mile, twenty-five cents ; for conveying two passengers the same distance, fifty cents, or twenty-five cents each ; and for every additional passen- ger, twenty-five cents each. " For conveying a passenger any distance exceeding a mile, and not exceeding two rniles, fifty cents ; and for every additional passenger, twenty-five cents. "For conveying one passenger to Forty-second street, remaining there for him half an hour, and returning with him, one dollar ; and for every additional passenger, twenty-five cents. " For conveying one passenger to Sixty-first street, and remaining three quarters of an hour, and returning, one dollar and fifty cents ; and for every additional passenger, thirty -seven and a half cents. " For conveying one passenger to Eighty-sixth street, and remaining one hour, and returning, two dollars ; and for every additional passen- ger, fifty cents. " For conveying one or more passengers to Harlem, and returning, with the privilege of remaining three hours, four dollars. " For conveying one or more passengers to Kingsbridge, and return- ing, with the privilege of keeping the carriage all day, five dollars. " For the use of a hackney-coach or carriage by the day, with one or more passengers, five dollars. " For the use of a hackney-coach or carriage by the hour, with one or more passengers, with the privilege of going from place to place, and of stopping as often as may be required, as follows ; viz., — for the first hour, one iJollar ; for the second hour, seventy-five cents ; and for every succeeding hour, fifty cents. " For children between two and fourteen years of age, half price is only to be charged ; and for children under two years of age, no charge is to be made. " Whenever a hackney-coach or carriage shall be detained, excepting as aforesaid, the owner or driver shall be allowed after the rate of sev- enty-five cents for an hour, thirty-seven and a half cents for each and every subsequent hour, and so in proportion for any part of the first and subsequent hour which the same may be so detained. " For attending a funeral within the lamp-and-watch district, two dollars ; which charges shall include for the necessary detention and returning with passengers. "Every driver or owner of a hackney-coach, carriage, or cab, shall, carry, transport, and convey in and upon his coach, carriage, or cab, in addition to the person or persons therein, one trunk, valise, saddle- bag, carpet-bag, portmanteau, or box, if he be requested so to do, for each passenger, without charge or compensation therefor; but for every trunk or other such articles abovenamed, more than one for each passenger, he shall be entitled to demand and receive the sum of 6 cts. "In case of disagreement as to distance or price, the same shall be determined by the mayor, or superintendent of hackney-coaches and carriages. CARTMEN. 57 " The owner of any hackney-coach or carriage shall not demand or receive any pay for the conveyance of any passenger, unless the num- ber of the carriage, and the rates and prices of fare shall be fixed upon some conspicuous part thereof, at the time such passenger may be conveyed in such carriage. " The owner or driver of any hackney-coach or carriage shall not be entitled to recover or receive any pay from any person from whom he shall have demanded any greater price or rates than he may be author- ized to receive, as aforesaid. " No owner or driver of any hackney-coach or carriage in the city of New York shall ask, demand, or receive, any larger^ sum than he or they may be entitled to receive, as aforesaid, under the penalty of ten dollars for every such otfence, to be sued for, and recovered from the owner or owners or driver of any such hackney-coach or carriage, severally and respectively." Strangers will bear in mind that a hackman is not permitted to put other passengers in a coach with them, without their consent ; and is compelled to convey a passenger when required, unless actually other- wise engaged ; and is not entitled to any compensation whatever if he demand more than the legal rates. In case of difficulty or dis- Eute, obsei-ve the nvmher on the coach, and not on a card which may e offered them ; as it is a dodge often employed, when they impose on a person, to give another man's name and number. They are liable to jine, if they refuse their name or number to any person asking it. They ai-e not entitled to any pay, unless their number is on the coach, and a card of the rates of fare is stuck up in the coach. It is not necessary to exchange two words in dispute with a turbulent hackman, even if he refuses to deliver baggage, provided his number is on the carriage. Let him have his way : an application at the mayor's office, which does not require five minutes' detention, will at once put things right. Never employ a carriage without a nmnber on it. For distances, see page 61. CABTMEN. A CAKTMAN must Obtain a license from the mayor, be a citizen of the United States, be the actual owner of a horse and cart, and have the number of his license distinctly painted on his cart. Rates or Prices of Cartage. — For ordinary loads, 33 cents. For goods requiring extra labor, from 33 to 50 cents. Household furniture, loose, per load, 45 cents. For loading, unloading, and housing furniture, in removal of families, extra per load, 50 cents. Provided, that when the distance exceeds half a mile, and is within one mile, one third more shall be added to the above rates and prices ; and in the same propor- tion for any greater distance. And if any public cartman shall ask, demand, receive, take, exact, or extort, any greater rate, price, pay, or compensation, for carting or transporting any goods, it shall not be lawful for him to receive any compensation for such services. Cartmen are allowed to retain possession of goods carted by them, and immediately transport them to the office of "the chief of police, if the cartage is not paid. All disputes that shall arise in relcrence to carting property, shall be determined by the mayor. The inspector of carts is at the office of the chief of pohce. No, 1, in the basement cf the city-haU. 3* 58 OMNIBUSES. — OCEAN-STEAMERS. PUBLIC PORTERS. Public Porters and Handcartmen are entitled by law to the follow- ino^ rates of compensation : — For cartage by hand, any distance within half a mile, 12^ cents ; if carried on a wheelbarrow or handcart, 25 cts. ; between half a mile and a mile, 37^ cts. ; and the same in proportion for any greater distances. The law compels every "public porter" to wear about his person, 80 as to be easily seen, a brass plate or badge, on which shall bt en- graved his nanme, '"public porter," and the number of his license. When owners do not accompany their baggage, it is well to take the porter's number. It is not safe to employ porters that have no badge. OMNIBUSES. Omnibuses start from the Battery, and all the principal ferries, every few minutes, passing through Broadway and the other principal thoroughfares, and terminating at various points in the upper part of the city, a distance of from two to four miles. Strangers will observe the names of the streets through which the omnibuses pass, painted on the outside. Fare, for any distance, six cents. OCEAN-STEAMERS. There are regular lines of steamships (mostly weekly lines) from this port to Richmond, Charleston, Savannah, New Orleans, Havana, St. Thomas, Chagres (San P'rancisco line), San Juan (Nicaragua), Liver- pool, Southampton, Bremen, find Havre. Berths should be secured, and passage paid, a few days previous to the day of sailing. Baggage not wanted on the passage should be sent on board previous to the day of sailing. Distances, FROM NEW YORK TO Liverpool, Southampton Bremen, Havre, Charleston, Savannah, New Orleans, Havana, W. I Chagres, S.A Coatzacoalcos R. (Tehuan te- pee) R, San Juan (Nicaragua), . 3070 3150 3365 3225 620 690 1850 1275 2350 San Francisco, via Panama, 5975 S. Francisco, v. Cape Horn, 15225 FROM NEW ORLEANS TO Havana, 615 River San Juan, .... 1355 River Chagres 1450 Vera Cruz 720 FROM SAN FRANCISCO TO 2050 Columbia River, .... SCO 2260 BANKS IN NEW YORK. 59 BANKS IN NEW YORK. OFFICE HOURS, FKOM 10 A.M. TILL 3 P.M. Alliance. 87 Sixth avenue. American P-xchange, 50 Wall. Bank of America, 46 Wall. Bank of Commerce. 32 Wall. Bank of the Commonwealth, 36 William. Bank of New York, 48 Wall. Bank of N. America, 31 Wnll. Bank of the Republic, Wall, c. Broadway. Bank of the State of New York, 30 Wall. Bank of the Union, Broadway, cor. Howard. Bowerv, 173 Bowery. Broadway, Broadway, c. Park pi. Butchers' and Drovers', Bow- ery, cor. Grand. Central, 88 Chambers. Chatham, 67 Chatham. Chemical. 270 Broadway. Citizens'. 64 Bowery. City, 52 Wall. Continental, 12 Wall. Corn Exchanqk, 67 Pear). Dry Dock Bank, avenue D, c. Tenth st. Delaware and Hudson Canal Co., 31 Wall. East River, 60 Third avenue. Empire City, 336 Bioadway. Fulton, Pearl, c. Fulton. Greenwich, 402 Hudson. Grocers', 55 Barclay. Hanover, 1 Hanover square. Ikving, 273 Greenwich. Knickerbocker, Eighth av., c. Fouitetiith. Leather I^Ianufactureks', 45 William. Manhattan, 40 Wall. Mariners', 90 Wall. Market, 8 FuUon. Mechanics' Banking Associa- tion, 38 Wall. Mechanics' 33 Wall. Mechanics and Traders', 370 Grand. Mercantile. Broadway, c. John. Merchants' Exchange, No. 173 Greenwich. Merchants', 42 Wall. Metropolitan, c. Broadway and Pine. Nassau, Nassau, c. Beekman. National, 36 Wall. New York Exchange, Dey, c. Greenwich, North River, 175 Greei?wich. Ocean, Greenwich, c. Fulton. Oriental, 311 East Broadway. Pacific, Broadway, c. Grand. People's, 173 Canal. Phcenix, 45 Wall. Seventh Ward, Pearl, c. Burling Slip. St. Nicholas, 6 Wall. Shoe and Leather, c. William and Jolin. Suffolk, 80 Wall. Tradesmen's, 177 Chatham. Union, 34 Wall. BANKS FOR SAVINGS. Bank for Savings in the City OP New York, 107 Chambers. Bowery, 128 Bowery. Broadway, c. Park place. Dry Dock, 619 Fourth. East River, 3 Chambers. Emigrant Industrial, 51 Cham- bers. Greenwich, Sixth avenue, cor. Fourth. Irving, 279 Greenwich. Institution fob thk Savings OF Merchants' Clerks, No, 5 Beekman. Knickerbocker, Eighth av., cor. Twenty-third. Manhattan, 648 Broadway. Mariners' Savings Institution, Hanover, c. Pearl. Mechanics and Traders', 492 Grand. Seamen's Savings Bank, 82 Wall. Sixpenny Savings Bank of thk F.MPiRK City, 336 Broadway. 60 INSURANCE IJOMI'ANIKS. FIEE INSURANCE COMPANIES. ^TNA, 56 Wall. Alliance, 87 Sixth av. Amekican Mutual, 9 Merchante' Exchano^e, AsTOR, 67 Chatham. Beekman, Nassau, c. Beekman. Bowery, 124 Bowery. Broadway, 418 Broadway. Chambers Street. City, 61 Wall. Citizens', 67 Wall, and 58 Bowery. Clinton, 52 Wall. Columbia, 59 Barclay. Commercial, 49 Wall. Commercial Mutual, 50 Wall. Commonwealth. Continental, 6 Wall. Corn Exchange, 69 Pearl, and 12 Astor place. Eagle, 71 Wall. East River, 69 Wall. Empire City, 49 Merchants' Ex- change. Firemen's. 59 Wall. Fulton, 40 Wall. Greenwich, 400 Hudson. Grocers', 81 Wall. Hamilton, 5 Try on Row. Hanover, 1 Hanover square. Home, 10 Wall. Howard, 66 Wall. Hudson River, 49 Wall. Irving, Warren, c. Greenwich, and 72 Wall. Jefferson, 50 Wall. Knickerbocker, 64 Wall. Lafaroe, Nassau, c. Cedar. Lenox, 3 Chambers. Liverpool and London, 56 Wall. LoRlLLARD, 61 Chambers and 63 Manhattan, 68 Wall. [Wall. Market, 53 Fulton. Mechanics and Traders', 492 Grand. Mercantile, 184 Broadway. Merchants', Fulton, c. Greenwich Nassau, Brooklyn, 12 Merchants' Exchange. National, 52 Wall. National Alliance. New Amsterdam, 269 Greenwich. New York City, 9 Wall. New York Equitable, 58 WalL New York Fire and Marine, 72 Wall. Niagara, 67 Wall. North American, 67 Wall. North River, 202 Greenwich. Pacific, Broadway, c. Grand. Park, 237 Broadway. People's, 173 Canal. Peter Cooper, Third avenue, c Ninth. Republic, 61 Wall. Royal Liverpool and Londok, 76 Wall. St. Mark's. Bible House, Third av. St. Nicholas, Eighth avenue, c West Twenty-thiid, and 65 Walk Stuyvesant, 151 Bowery. Sun Mutual, 49 Wall. Union Mutual, 58 Wall. United States. 69 Wall. Washington, 54 Wall MAEINE INSimANCE COMPANIES. Astok Mutual, 45 Wall. Atlantic Mutual, 51 Wall. Atlas Mutual, 14 and 16 Mer- chant's Exchange. Commercial Mutual, 50 Wall. General Mutual, 2 and 4 Mer* chants' Exchange. Mercantile Mutual, 35 Wall New York Mutual, 50 Wall Sun Mutual, 51 WalL LIFE AND TRUST INSURANCE COMPANIES. Al-BiON, London, and NbwYobk, 44 Wall. American, 56 Wall. British Commercial. 65 Wall. Farmers' Loan and Trust. Howard, 237 Broadway. Knickerbocker, W. Fourteenth, c Fit(hth avenue. Manhattan, 146 Broadway. Mutual Life Insurance Cobt- PANY OF N. Y., Ill Broadway. New York Life and Tbu8t, 52 Wall. New York, 106 Broadway, United Statks of New Yobx, W Walk TABLE OF DISTANCES. 61 TABLE OF DISTANCES. raoM THE FROM THE FROM THF I FROM BalTERY. KCXHANGE CITY-HALL CANAL ST. Extreme i of New York island i Trinity Church. Fulton street. Warren. Leonard, Canal. Spring. Houston. Fourth. Ninth. Fourteenth. Nineteenth, Twenty-fourth. Twenty-ninth. Thirtyfourth. Thirty-eighth. Forty-fourth. Forty-ninth. Filty-fourth. Fifty-eighth, Sixty-thu-d. Sixty-eighth. Seventy-third, Seventy-eighth. Eighty-third. Eighty-eighth, Ninety-third. Ninety-seventh, One Hundred & Second One H. & Seventh. One H. & Twelfth. One H. & Seventeenth. One H. & Twenty-first. One H. & Twenty-sixth One H. & Thirty-first One H. is. Thirty-sixth. One H. & Forty-first. One H. & Forty-sixth, One H. k Fifty-first. One H. & Fifty-sixth. One H. & Sixty-first. One H. h Sixty-sixth. One H. & Seventy-first. One H. & Seventy-sixth One H. & Eighty. One H. & Eighty-fifth, One H. & Eighty-ninth, One H. & Ninety-fourth One H. & Ninety-nintk Two H. & Third. Two H. & Eighth. Two H. &. Thirteenth. Two H. & Eighteenth. Two H. & Twenty-2d. Two H. i. Twenty-7th* the Hudson rirer videk 62 NEW YORK CITY STREET DIRECTORY. NEW YORK CITY STREET DIRECTORY, Showing the commencement, direction, and termination, with the highest number in each street. Nos. Abmgton PI., Troy, from No. 28 to 54 26 Abington Sq., fm 387 Bleecker to 8th avenue, and fm 685 to 599 Hudson. Adams PI., Laurens, between Prince and Spring Albany, fm 12-2 Greenwich W. to N, R. 23 Albion PI., fm 404 to 428 Fourth st... 24 Allen, fm 122 Division N. to Houston 213 Amity, fm 681 B'dway VV. to 6th av.. 141 Amity Altey. rear 216 Wooster Amity Pi, from 197 to 221 Laurens.. 33 Amos, fm 131 6th av. W. to N. R .... 211 Ann. 222 Broadway E. to Gold 92 Anthony, fm 72 Hudson E. to Orange 167 Astor PI., fm 744 BMway E. to 3d av. 38 Attorney, fm 260}^ Division N. to Houston 175 Av. A, fm 313 Houston N. to E. R... Av. B, fm 239' Houston N. to E. R... Av. C. fm 177 Houston N. to E. R... Av. D, fm 113 Houston N. to 20th Bank, fm 95 Greenwich av. VV. to N.R 153 Barcl,-»y, fm 227 B'dway W. to N. R. 105 Barrow, fm 4th VV. to N. R 194 Batavia, fm 78 Rosevelt E. to James. 25 Battery PI., fm 1 B'dway W. to N. R. 16 Bayard, fm 88 Division VV. to Orange 108 Beach, fm 154 W. B'dway W. to N.R. 81 Beaver, fm 8 B'dway E. to Pearl 94 Bedford, fm IT Hamersley N. to Chris- topher 128 Beekman, fm 34 Park Row E. to E.R. 138 Benson, fm 109 Leonard N. to Frank'n Bethune, fm 776 Greenwich W-to N.R 39 Birmingham, fm 84 Henry S. to Mad- ison 12 Bleecker, fm 318 Bowery, VV. & N. to 8th av 406 Bloomingdale Road, continuation of B'dway, N. fm 42d to Harlem Road Bond, fm 666 B'dway E. to Bowery .. 61 Bowery, fm 210 Chatham N. to 4th av. 400 Bowery PI., rearof 49 Christie Bowling Green, fm Whitehall VV, to State .._ Brevoort PI., lOth, fm 134 to 96 Bridge, fm 15 State K. to Broad 39 Broad, fm 21 Wall E. to E. R 13-2 Broadway, fm 1 Battery PI N. to 30th 1073 Broome, fm 14 Tompkins W. to Hud- son 590 Burling Slip, fm 234 Pearl E. to E.R.. 40 Camden PI., E. 1 1th, fm 221 to 235. .. 14 Canal, fm 157 Centre VV. to N. R 284 Cannon, fm 540 Grand N. to Houston. 136 Carlisle, fm 112 Greenwich W. to N.R 30 Carmine, fm 1 6tU aT W. to Varicli. , . 90 Not. Caroline, fm 211 Duane N. to Jay.... 18 Carroll PI., Bleecker, fm 134 to 150.. IS Catharine, fm Chatham Square S. to Cherry 114 Catharine Lane, fm 344 B'dway E. to .56 Elm 210 Catharine Slip, fm 115 Cherry S. to E. R 27 Cedar, fm 181 Pearl VV. to N. R. 159 Centre, fm 34 Chatham N. to Broome 257 Centre Market PI., fm 163 Grand N. to Broome 19 Chambers, fm 60 Chatham W. to N. R 20S Charles, fm 35 Greenwich av. W. to N.R 171 Charles Al., fm 692 Washington W. to West Charlton, fm 29 McDougal W. to N.R 136 Chatham, fm 166 Nassau E. to Chat- ham Square 210 Chatham Square, fm 2 Catharine to East Broadway Chelsea Cottages, West 24th, between 9th and 10th av Cherry, fm 340 Pearl E. to E. R 510 Chestnut, fm 6 Oak N. to Madison... 30 Christopher, fm 5 Greenwich av. W. to N. R 180 Chrystie, fm 54 Division N.to Houston 233 Church, fm 187 Fulton N. to Canal .. 236 City-Hall PI., fm 17 Chambers N. E. to Pearl 40 City-Hall Sq., E. of Park Clarke, fm 540 Broome N. to Spring.. 28 Clarkson, fm225 Varick W. toN. R. 81 Cliff, fm 101 John N. E. to Hague 106 Clinton, fm 244 Houston S. to E. R.. 264 Clinton A! , fm 97 Clinton to Suffolk.. Clinton PI., 8th, fm B'dway to 6th av. 136 Coenties Slip, fm 66 Pearl S. to E. R. 23 College PI., fm 63 Barclay N. to Cham- hers 34 CoUister, fm 51 Beach N. to Laight... Columbia, fm 520 Grand N. to Houston 130 Columbia PI., 8th, fm 368 to 386 18 Commerce, fm 272>^ Bleecker W. to Barrow 41 Congress, fm 14 Hamersley to King_ 10 Congress PI., rearof 4 Congress .. Corlears, fm 587 Grand S. to E. R... 61 Cornelia, fm 179 4th W. to Bleecker. 40 Cortlandt, fm 171 B'dway to N. R . _ 82 Cortlandt AL, fm 33 Canal S. to Frank- lin Cottage PI., Hancock N. to Houston. Cottage PI, 188 to 218 3d 30 Crosby, fm 28 Howard N. to Bleecker 170 NEW YORK CITT STREET DIRECTORY. 63 Nos. Cross, fm Dunne E. to Mott 109 Ciivler"8 Al., fm 28 Soutli W. to Wa- ter 40 Decatur PI., 7tli, fm 78 to 96 Delancy, fm 181 Bowery E. to E. R.. 360 Depau Row, fm 150 Bleecker to 168.. Depe3'ster, fm 139 Water S. to E. R. 35 Desbrosses, fm 195 Hudson W.to N.R 50 Dey, fm 191 B'dway W. toN. R 86 Division, fm 210 Cliatliam E to Grand 296 Dominick, fm 19 Clark W. to Hudson 54 Dover, fm 340 Pearl S. to E. R 38 Downing, fm 210 Bleecker W. to Var- ick 64 Doyer, fm 2 Bowery N. to Pel! 18 Dry Dock. 9m 423 lOth N. to 12tb 20 Duane, fm 40 Rose W. to N. R 212 Dutch, fm 49 John N. to Fulton 20 East, fm 750 Water E. to Rivington.. East Broadway, fra 199 Chatham E. to Grand 310 East Clinton PI., rear 50 Clmton East PI., rear 184, 186 3d East nth, fm 91 4th av. E. to E. R... 220 East 13th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 14th, fm .5th av. E. to E. R East I.5th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R _ East 16th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 17th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 18th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 19th, fm .5th av. E. to E. R East 20th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 21st, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 22d, fm ,5th av. E. to E. R East 23d, fm 5th av. E. to E. R. East 24th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 2.5th, fm 5tli av. E. to E. R East 26th, fm .5th av. E. to E. R East27Ui, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 28th, fm 5th av. K. to E R East 29th, fm 5th av. E. to E. R East 30th, fm 5th av, E. to E R East Tompkins PI., fni 157 to 175 East nth „ Eighth, fm 94 6th av. to E. R 400 Eighth av., fm 5 Abingdon Sq. N. to Harlem River EMridge, fm 100 Division N.to Hou.ston 220 Elizabeth, fm .58 Bayard N. to Bleecker 276 Elm, fm 16 Reaue N.to Spring 220 Essex, fm 184 Division N. to Houston 193 Essex Market PI., fm 721 Ludow to E ssex Exchange PI., fm Hanover W. to 58 Broadway 75 Exchange Alley, fm .55 B'dway W. to Trinity PI Extra, rear of 10 1st Factory, fra 151 Waverly PL N. to Bank 78 Ferry, fm 86 Gold S.E. to Pearl 60 ferry PI., Jackson, fm 64, cor. Water to South First, fm.303 Bowery E. to Av. A .... 125 First Av., coi.tinuation of Allen, & fm 3Sl Hooaton, N. to Hnrlem River fifth, fm 379 Bowery E. to E. R 339 No,. Fifth Av.. fm 13 Washington Sq., Wa- verly PI., N. to Harlem River Fletcher, fm 208 Pearl S. to E. R.... 41 Forsyth fm 82 Division N. to Houston 194 Fourth, fm junction of West 13th and Gansevoort E. to E. R 710 Fourth Avenue, continuation of Bow- ery fm 408 N. to Harlem River Frankfort, fm 16li Nassau E. to Pearl. 93 Franklin, fm 64 Orange W to N. R.. 200 Franklin Sq., fm 10 Cherry to Pearl.. Front, fm 49 Whitehall E. to Roose- velt, and fm South, cor. Montgom- ery E., to E. R 346 Fulton, fm 93 South W. to N. R 260 Gansevoort, fm West 13th W. to N.R 62 Gay, fm 141 Waverly PI. N. to Chris- topher 20 Glover PI., Thompson, fm 106 to 118. Goerck, fm .574 Grand N. to E. R 154 Gold, fm 87 Maiden Lane N. to Frank- fort 104 Gouverneur, fm 300 Division S. to Wa- ter 75 Gouverneur Lane, fm 48th South to 93 Water ._ Gouverneur Slip, fm 613 Water S. to E R 13 Gramercy PI., between East 20th and East 21st and Fourth av. and Irving Place .: Grand, fm 78 Varick E. to E. R 620 Great Jones, fm 682 B'dway E. to Bowerj' .. 57 Greene, fm 86 Canal N. to 8th 268 Greenwich, fm 5 Battery PI. N. to Gansevoort 835 Greenwich Av., fra 105 6th av. N. to 8th av 1.50 Grove, fm 488 Hudson E. to Waverly Place 100 Hague, fm 367 Pearl W. to Cliff 13 Hall PI., rear of Tompkins Market, fm 6th to 7th, between 2d and 3d av's. Hamersley, fm 728 Houston Wto N.R. 146 Hamersley PI., Hamersley, fm 2 to 14 Hamilton, fm 87 Catharine E. to Mon- roe 51 Hammond, fm 77 Greenwich av. W. to N. R 163 Hancock, fm 739 Houston N. to Bleecker 26 Hanover, fm 57 Wall S. to Pearl 13 Hanover Sq., on Pearl, fm 105 to Stone Harrison, fm si Hudson W. to N. R.. 60 Henry, fm 14 Oliver E. to Grand 333 Hermann PI., rear .554, 558 and 560 4th Hester, fm 193 Clinton W. to Centre. 215 Hoboken, fm 476 Washington W. to N. R Horatio, fm 137 Greenwich av. W. to N. R 190 Houston, fm E. R. W. to Hamersley. 730 Howard, fm 201 Centre W. to Mercer 68 Hubert, f..i 149 Hudson W to N. R.. SO Hudson, fra 137 Chambers N. to 9th 64 NEW YORK CITY STREET DIRECTORY Nos. Irving PI., fm 77 East 14th N 85 Jackson PI., rear of Ui Downing Jackson Sq., foot of Jackson, tin 66, cor. of Water, to E. R Jackson, fra Grand S. to E. R 80 Jacob, fm 19 Kerry N. to Frankfort... 26 James, fm 167 Chatham S. to James Slip 106 James Slip, fm 78 Cherry S. to E. R. i20 Jane, fm 1 17 Greenwich av.W. to N.R 85 Jay, fm 611 Hudson W. to N. R 49 Jauncy Court, 37, ^9, and 41 Wall... Jeft'erson, fra 217 Division S. to E. R. 72 Jersey, fm 139 Crosby E. to Mulberry 15 John, fm 186 B'dvvay E. to Pearl 120 Jones, fm 168 4th W. to Bleecker.... 33 Jones Court, rear of 62 Wall Jones' Lane, fm 101 Front S. to E. R. 10 King, fm 57 McDougal W. to N. R... 134 Knapp's PI., rear 412 10th Lafayette PI., fm 8 Great Jones N. to gth 20 Laight, fm 133 Canal W. to N. R.... 84 Lamartine PI., West 29th, between 8th and 9th av's Laurens, fm 122 Canal N. to Amity... 246 Leander PI., rear 147 7th Lenox PI., West 22d, fm 191 to 235.. Leonard, fm 92 Hudson E. to Orange 165 Leroy. fm 238 Bleecker W. to N. R.. 170 Leroy PI., fm 88 to 104 Bleecker Ifi Lewis, fm .556 Grand N. to 10th 230 Lexington Av., fm 84 East 21st N Liberty, fm 78 Maiden Lane W.to NR. 146 Liberty PI., fm 57 Liberty N. to Maid- en Lane Liberty Court, 4 and 6 Liberty PI Lispenard, fm 151 WestB'dway E. to Broadway 75 Little Water, fm 58 Cross N. to An thony 7 Livingston PI., between East Ifith and East 17th, and Ist and 2d av's London Terrace, West 23d, fm 212 to 262 Ludlow, fm 168 Division N. to Hous- ton 192 Ludlow PI,, Hou8t(m, fm ?00 to 720.. McDougal, fm 219 Spring N. to 8th. .. 188 Madison, fm 420 Pearl E. to Grand... 412 Madison Av., fm East 23d N. to Har- lem River - Madison Court, rear of 219 Madison.. Maiden Lane, fm 172 B'dway S.E. to E. R 166 Mangin, fm .590 Grand K. to E. R 88 Manhattan, fm 87 Houston N. to 3d.. 12 Manhattan PI., rear 63, 65, 67, 69 and 71 Mangin 22 Manhattan P)., fm 10 Elm W. and S. to Reade Marion, fm 404 Broome N 90 Market, fm 83 Division S. to South. .. 102 Mechanics' AI., fm 62 Monroe to Cherry Marketfield, fm 1 Whitehall E. to Broad 33 No$. Mechanics' PL, rear of 28 Av. A, Mechanics' PI., rearof 359 Rivington. Mercer, fm 66 Canal N. to 8th 380 Minetta, fm 205 Bleecker N. to Miaet- ta Lane SO Minetta Lane, fm 129 McDougal W. to 6th av 26 Monroe, fm 73 Catharine E. to Grand 333 Monroe PI., Monroe, fm 201 to 229... Montgomery, fm 277 Division S. to £. R 90 Moore, fm 30 Pearl S. to E. R 37 Morris, fm 27 B'dway W. to N. R.... 27 Morton, fm 2.56 Bleecker W. to N. R. 116 Mott, fm 176 Chatham N. to Bleecker 320 Mulberry, fm 148 Chatham N. to do. 310 Murray, fm 247 B'dvvay W. to N. R. 114 Nassau, fm 20 Wall N. to Chatham.. 160 New, fm 7 Wall S. to Beaver 86 Ninth, fm 112 6th av. E, to E. R 400 Ninth Av , fm Gansevoort N. to Har- lem River , Norfolk, fm 204 Division N. to Hous- ton 163 North Moore, fm 14 West B'dway W, to N. R 103 North William, fm 18 Frankfort N.to Chatham 34 Nyack PI., rear of 31 Bethune Oak, fm 390 Pearl E. to Catharine. .. 62 Old Slip, fm lOe Pearl S. to E. R.... 36 Oliver, fm 187 Chatham S. to E. R... 100 Orange, fm 116 Chatham N. to Grand 160 Orchard, fm 146 Division N. to Hous- ton 201 Park PI., fm 237 B'dway W.to Church 28 Park Row, fm 1 Ann E. to Spruce. .. 33 Pearl, fm 14 State E. and N. to B'dway 665 Pearl St. AL, fm 73 Pearl N. to 40 Stone Peck Slip, fm 312 Pearl E. to South.. 45 Pelham, fm 114 Monroe E. to Cherry 23 Pell, fm 20 Bowery W. to Mott 36 Perry, fm 55 Greenwich av. W. to N. R 160 Pike, fm 139 Divisions, to E. R 91 Pine, fm 106 Broadway E. to E. R. .. 98 Pitt, fm 298 Division N. to Houston.. 143 Piatt, fm 221 Pearl W to William. .. 43 Prince, fm 232 Bowery W.to McDou- gal 800 Randall P!., 9th, fm 132 to 90 Reade, fm 23 Centre W. to N. R 196 Rector, fm 73 B'dway W. to N. R. .. 31 Renwick, fm 220 Canal N. to Spring. 46 Ridge, fm 278 Division N. to Houston 130 Rivington, fm 313 Bowery E. to E. R. 360 Rivington PI., rear of 316 Rivington. Robinson, fm 4 College PI. W. to N.R 76 Roosevelt, fm 135 Chatham S. to E.R 135 Rose, fm 34 Frankfort N.K. to PearU 66 Rutgers, fm 191 Division S. to E. R.. 80 Rutgers PI., Monroe, fm Jeft'ersoo to Clinton 26 Russell PI., Greenwich av., fm 37 to 56 NEW YORK CITY STREET DIRECTORY. 65 Nos. Rutherford PI., between East 16th and East 17tli, and 2d and 3d av's.. Ryder's A)., fni 6« Fulton to Gold Scammel, fm 209 East BMway S. to Water 63 Scott's AI., fm 68 Franklin N. to Walker Second, fm 323 Bowery E. to Av. D . . 330 Second Av., fm 439 Houston N. to Harlem River Seventh, fm 17 4th av. E. to E. R .... 323 Seventh Av , fm SO Greenwich av. N. to Harlem River Sheriff, fm 502 Grand N to 2d 128 Sixth, fm 37h Bowery E. to E. R 400 Sixth av., fm Carmine N. to Harlem River. South, fm 65 Whitehall E to E. R... 370 South William, fm 7 William W. to Broad 40 Spingler PI., East 15th, between 5th av. and Broad waj- Spring, rm 188 Bowery \V. to N. R... 350 Spruce, fm 1.52 Na.ssau S.E. to Gold.. 43 Stanton, fm 245 Bowery E. to E. R.. 340 Stanton PI., rear of 6 Stanton Staple, fm 169 Duane N. to Harrison. 8 State, fm 48 Whitehall to Broadway. 20 St. Clement's PI., McDougal, fm 173 to 193 St. John's Lane, fm 9 Beach N. to Laieht 16 St. Mark's PI., 8th, fm 17 3d av. E. to Av A 85 St. Peter's PI., Church, fm 17 to 26.. Sfuyvesant, fm 25 3d av. E. to 2d av.. 50 Snflolk.fm 228 Division N to Houston 168 Stone, fm 15 Whitehall E. to William 61 Sullivan, fui 160 Canal N. to Amity .. 239 Temple, fm 88 Liberty S. to Thames. 10 Tenth, fm 130 6th av. E. to E. R 475 Tenth av., fm 542 West N. to Harlem River Thames, fm 111 B'dway W. to Green- wich 32 Tlieatre AI., fm 15 Ann N. to Beekman 12 Third, fm 345 Bowerv E. to E. R 362 Third av., fm 395 Bowery N. to Har- lem River. Thomas, fm 126 Church W. to Hud- son 48 Thompson, fm 130 Canal N. to 4th 248 Tinpot AI., fm 59 Greenwich to Trin- ity Place . Tompk ins, fm 606 Grand E. to E. R . 58 Tompkins PI., 10th, fm249 to 291 Trinity PI., fm 98 Liberty S. to Tin- pot Alley 90 Troy, fm 105 Greenwich av. W. to N R 126 Twelfth, fm Greenwich av. E. to Dry Dock 542 Union Court, rear of .59 University PI. Vnion PI., fm 153, 15fi to 232, 233 4th av., and fm 845 to 857 Broadway. .. 65 Not. University PI., fm 290 4th N. to 14th.. 80 Vandam, fm 13 McDougal W. to Greenwich &3 Vandewater, fm 54 Frankfort E. to Pearl 46 Varick. fm 130 Franklin N. to Carmine 228 Varick PI., Sullivan, fm 166 to 204. .. 38 Vesey. fm Broadway, opposite 222, W. to N. R 110 Vestry, fm 1.59 Canal W. to N. R 64 Walker, fm 135 West Broadway E. to Division 2Q6 Wall, fm 86 Broadway E. to E. R.. .. 120 ^Varren. fm 260 Broadway W. to N.R. 130 Warren PI., Charles, fm 2 to 24 Washington, fm Battery PI. N. to Gansevoort 813 Washington PI., fm 713 Broadway W. to Wooster 23 Washington Sq., Waverly PI., fm 45 to 99 30 Water, fm 41 Whitehall E. to E. R.. 745 Watts, fm 44 Sullivan W. to N. R. .. 96 Waverly PI., fm 727 Broadway W.to Christopher 170 Weehawken, fm 204 Amos S, to Christopher. Wesley PI.. Mulberry, fm 295 to 313. West, fm Battery PI N. to 10th av.. 573 West Broadway, fm 131 Chambers N. to Canal 195 West Broadway Place, Laurens, fm 2 to 28 West Court, rear of 66 West 22d West 11th, fm 801 Broadway W to Greenwich av 200 West 13th. fm .5th av. W. to N. R.... West 14th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R West loth, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.... West 16th, fm .5th av. W. to N. R.. .. West 1-th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.... West 18th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.... West 19th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R West 20th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R West 21st, fm 5th av W. to N. R West 22d, fm 5th av. W. to N. R West 23d, fm 5th av. W. to N. R., .. West 24th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R West 25th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.... West 26th, fm .5th a v. W. to N. R West 27th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.. .. West 28d), fm .5th av. W. to N. R.... Wett 29th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.... West 30th, fm 5th av. W. to N. R.. .. West Washington PI., Barrow, fm 1 to 61 60 White, fm 117 West Broadway E. to Orange 136 Whitehall, fm 2 Broadway S. to E. R. 61 Willet. fm 483 Grand N. to Houston. 132 William, fm 65 Stone N.E. to Pearl.. 208 Wooster, fm 104 Canal N. to Univer- sity Place 263 York, fm 9 St. John's Lane E. to West Broadway 19 66 CEMETERIES. CEMETERIES. GREENWOOD CEMETERY. Grkenwood Cemetery was incorporated in 1838, and is one of the most interesting ol)jects of public utility and beauty near New York, for the eye of the stranger to gaze on or the retiective mind to dwell upon. There lie the bodies of the eminent men who lately moved in the gay metropolis ; and here lie many of our friends and acquaint- ances. It is a holy spot, and links itself to our being, with a cherished fondness and satisfaction. The grounds of the Cemetery now comprise 250 acres. They are more extensive than those of any similar one in this country or Europe. These grounds are situated in Brooklyn, on Gowanus heights, about 2^ miles from the South ferry. They are beautifully undulating and diversified, presenting continual changes of surface and scenery, and well adapted to the purpose to which^thcy are appropriated. The ele- vated portions of the Cemetery afford interesting views, embracing the bay and harbor of New York, with its islands and forts, the cities of New York and Brooklyn, the shores of the North and East rivers, New Jersey, Staten Island, the Quarantine, numerous towns and vil- lages in every direction, together with a view of the Atlantic ocean, reaching from Sandy Hook to the pavilion at Rockaway. Upon the hills of Greenwood a part of the battle of Long Island was fought, ia August, 1776. The various avenues in the ground (exclusive of paths), extend about 15 miles. This is a favorite rural resort during the summer season. Stages leave the Fulton and South ferries, Brooklyn, every 10 minutes during the day ; fare, 6 cents. CYPRESS HILLS CEMETERY. The Cemetery of the Cypress Hills is located near the Long Island railroad, 6 miles from the South ferry, Brooklyn. The grounds em- brace a sufficiently diversified surface to render them peculiarly adapted for a rural cemetery. The grounds were regulated and laid out in 1848. Fare, by either railroad or stages, from Fulton ferry or South ferry, o cents to Bedford ; thence by stages, three miles, to the Cemeteiy, 6 cents. Stage from Williamsburgh, 12^ cents. CEMETERY OF THE EVERGREENS. This Cemetery is one of the largest in extent, and unsurpassed in natural advantages. It is situated (iirectly east, and about three miles from Brooklyn and Williamsburgh, on the Bushwick road. It covers the western termination of the 'mid-island range of hills, affording every variety of surface and natural ornament, — hills, dells, lakes, and lawns, interspersed with a choice growth of shade and forest trees. Conveyance from South ferry, on the Long Island railroad, to East New York, near the southern entrance to the Cemetery ; and stages from Fulton and Peck-slip ferries. Fare, 12| cents. CEMETERIES. 67 NEW YORK BAY CEMETERY. Incorporated, 1850. The grounds are situated on the west bank of the Now York Bay, about tsvo and a half miles below Jersey City. There is a plank road of double track from Jersey City to the Cemetery, which makes it accessible at all seasons of the year. A line of stages runs daily to the Cemptery. from Jersey City. It is also accessible by water. A pier, 40 by 250 feet, has been built, for the accommodation of steam- boats ; thus affording all the facilities necessary for large funerals to reach the Cemetery at small expense. The location is unsurpassed for beauty, and commands a fine panoramic view of surrounding scenery. OAK HILL CEMETERY. The=k grounds are situated on the west bank of the Hudson river, half a mile from the villaje of Nyack, in Rockland county, N. Y., and twenty-eight miles from New York city. Opened in 1848. CALVARY CEMETERY. This burial-ground is on Long Island, between Williamsburgh and Newtown, and conturposes for which it is designed. It can be visited by taking stages rom Fulton ferry, Brooklyn, and from Peck slip, WilUamsburgh. Fare, 6^ cents. THE MARTYRS' TOMB AND THE PRISON-SHIPS. On the northwest side of Hudson avenue (formerly Jackson street), Brooklyn, and nearly opposite the teraiination of Front street, la a small wooden edifice, xipon a high bank, surmounted by an eagle, and inscribed with various historical sentences. This is the antechamber to the tomb of many thousand Americans who perished in the prison- ships which lay anchored in the Wallabout, near the present navy-yard, during the Revolution. The first prison-ship anchored there was the Wliitby. She was crowded with the captives taken in the battle of Long Island. She was first moored there toward the close of October, 1776. In May, 1777, two other ships were moored there ; and some of the prisoners were removed to them. In October, one of these vessels was burned ; and in February, 1778, the other was also consumed. Some prisoners perished in the flames. In April, the " Old Jersey," prison-ship, was moored in the Wallabout, and all the prisoners, except the sick, were transferred to her. The Jersey was the receiving-ship ; and the Hope and Falmouth, two ships which supplied the place of those burned, were used for hospital-ships. All three remaiiied there until the British evacuated New York, in 1783. All that while, prisoners were brought from vai-ious points, where the British were successful ; but busy death made room for all. Soon the beach of the Wallabout was strewn with graves ; and when the war closed, the bones of 11,500 patriots were in the sand upon the shore of that bay. For nearly thirty years, the visiter to that spot might see the bones of many bleaching in the sun ; for they were but slightly covered with loose Band. Finally, in 1808, a vault was constiixcted at the place above- named; and thirteen coffins, filled with all the bones that could be found upon the beach, were placed in it. A great civic and military display was had on the occasion. It was estimated that fifteen thou- sand persons were present. The wooden structure, 6 feet square and 10 in height, which now covers the vault, was placed there ; and in front of it was placed a row of posts and rails, on which the names of the thirteen original states were painted. Over the entrance to the in- closure, was the following inscription : — "Portal to the Tomb of 11,500 Patriot Prisoners, who died in dungeons and prison-ships, in and about the city of New York, during the Revolution." BROOKLYN. 71 EKYIKONS OF ]^EW YORK. BR OOKL YN. Brooklyn is a beautiful city, situated at the extreme west end of Long Island, opposite the southern part of the city of New York, fro«i which it is separated by the East river, which is about three quarters of a mile in width. Several ferries connect it \vith New York (see ferries). It is the capital of King's county, and the second city in popu- lation in the state, and the seventh in the United Statf^s. The original name conferred by the Dutch, was Rreucklen (or broken land). The ground on which it is built was originally very uneven ; but groat ex- pense has been incurred in grading it, and rendering it level. One very prominent elevation, known as Brooklyn heights, is 75 feet above high-water mark. It aflbrds a most enchanting view of the city of New York, New York bay, and Jersey shore. The city is regularly laid out ; and the streets, with the exception of Fulton, are mostly straight, crossing each other at right angles. Many of them are from 60 to 70 teet in width, and are paved. They are lighted vdth gas, and most of them bordered with trees, giving the place a peculiarly beautiful and rural aspect. Fulton street is bordered with ranges of lofty brick stoi-es, and presents a commanding entrance to the city. No place in the country, of the same extent, is better built than Brooklyn. Many of its houses are distinguished for chastenesa and elegance of architectural design. The beauty of the city, with the purity of its atmosphere, its neat and quiet streets, added to the facilities afforded for reaching the great metropolis, renders it a desir- able place of residence for persons doing business in New York, and those retired from business. Many of its principal avenues have a commanding width ; and the fine situations presented in the outskirts show that the portions now most thickly settled will not become uncomfortably crowded for years to come. Brooklj-n was first settled in 1636 : it was incorporated aa a village in 1806, and as a city in 1834. Commissioners were appointed by the legislature to lay out the city so as to comprise the whole of the origi- nal town, being 6 miles in length, and averaging 2f miles in breadth. This large district was accordingly laid out in streets and blocks. Al- though the city as yet covers little more than half the ground, it is rapidly extending itself. Its growth has been almost unparalleled. The population in 1810 was 4402 ; in 1820, 7175 ; in 1830, 15,396 ; in 1840, 36,2a3 ; in 1850, 96,868. The citizens of Brookljm have justly acquired a reputation for pub- lic spirit and Uberality, not only in their literary and benevolent insti- tutions, but in their places of public worship. It has been jastly called the "city of churches." Remains of fortificafona may be seen in the 72 SOCIETIES, trc, m bbookltn. vicinity of Brooklyn, thrown up by both armies at the time of the Re7 olution. Fort Green is one which was once very large. Many of the embankments were repaired during the war of 1812 ; and the whole may now be distinctly seen. SOCTETIES, INSTITUTIONS, BANKS, ETC. Hamilton Literary Association, incorporated in 1842 : recess from May 1 to aept. 1. Greenwood Cemetery. Office, 53 Broadway, N.Y. Brooklyn Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, Office of the General Agent, 10 Tillary street. Brooklyn Institute, Wishington street, near Concord ; chartered in 1824, as the Apprentices' Library. In 1843 it received its present name. Connected with the institution is a Youth's Free Library, open to all minors. On Thursday of each week, books are given out to girls ; and on Monday and Saturday afternoons and evenings, to boys. Literary and scientific lectures of a high order are givea during the winter months. . Brooklyn City Library is located in the Brooklyn Institute (see Brooklyn institute). Incorporated in 1839. It has a valuable collec- tion of works ; and the number is being increased yearly. Brooklyn City Hospital ia located on Hudaon avenue, near Lafay^ ette street. Brooklyn Dispensary, lO Tillary street. Open daily, from 11, A.M. till 3, P.M. Banks in Brooklyn — ^Atlantic, 55 Fulton. City Bank of Bkooklyn, 144 Atlantic street, n. Henry street Long Island, 53 Fulton street. Bbooklyn Bank, 5 Front street. Saving's Banks — Brooklyn Savings Bank, Fulton, c. Concord. Open, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, from 5 till 7, P.M. South Brooklyn Savings Institution, 136 Atlantic street. Open Mondays and Saturdays for males, and Wednesdays for fem^Ues, from 5 tiU 7, P.M. AlSUrance Companies— Atlantic, 140 Atlantic street, and 74 WaH street, N.Y. Brooklyn, Fulton, cor. Front. Long Island, 41 Fulton, East River, 69 Wall street, N.Y. Atlantic Dry Dock Company. Office in Brooklyn, 1 Atlantic st Office in New York, 74 Broadway. Brooklyn Gas Company. Office, 93 Cranberry. Long Island Bailroad Company. Depot, foot of Atlantic street* South Ferry, Lines of stages leave the Fulton ferry, for Greenwood, Cypress BIDb. Ea^t and South Brooklyn, Bedford, Coney Island, Fort Hamilton, ana Jamaica, (See the respective places under their several heads). CHURCHES IN BROOKLYN. 73 CHURCHES IN BROOKLYN. BAPnST. Centbai,, Bridge, bet. Myrtle av. and WDloughby st. CoNCOKD Street (col'd), Con- cord, n. Gold. East Bkookxyn, Skillman, b. Park and INIyrtle avenues. First, Nassau, c. Liberty n. Fulton. PiERPONT Street, Pierpont, cor. Clinton. Strong Place, Strong place, bet. Harrison and Degraw sts. CONGREGATIONAL. Bedford, Pacific street, c. Clove road, Bedford ; 3 imles from Ful- ton ferry. Bridge Street, Bridge, b. Myrtle av. and Johnson st. Church of the Pilgrims, Henry, cor. Remsen. Clinton Avenue, Clinton av. n. Fulton av. Plymouth, Orange, b. Hicks and Henry sts. DUTCH REFORMED. Bedford, Washington avenue, n. Fulton av. Central, Henry, n. Clark. German Evangelical, Scher- merhom, n. Court. First, Joralemon, c. Court. Middle, Court, n. Butler. South, Thii-d avenue, Gowanus. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. Carleton Avenue, Carleton av. n. Myrtle av. Centenary, Johnson, c. Jay. Dean Street, Dean, n. Powers. East Brooklyn, Franklin, near Flushing av. Eighteenth Street, tl Thiri avenue, Gowanus. First, Sands, b. Fulton and Wash- ington. Fleet Street, b. Lafayette and Fulton av. HicKs Street, Summit, c. Hicks. Pacific Street, Pacific, c. Clin- ton. Second, York, c Gold. Summerfield, Washington, near Green av. Third, Washington, b. Tillary and Concord. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. Calvary (free), Pearl, n. Concord. Christ Church, Clinton, c. Har- rison. Church op the Holy Trinity, Clinton, c. Montague place. Grace, Hicks, c. Grace ct., Brook- lyn heights. St. Ann's, Washington, c. Pros- pect. Sr, John's, Johnson, c. Washing- ton. St. Luke's, Clinton av., b. Fulton avenue. St. Mary's, Casron av., n. MjTtle avenue. St. Michael's, High st., n. Hud son avenue. St. Peter's, Atlantic, n. Nevins. St. Thomas', Willoughby, comer Bridge. PRESBYTERIAN. Central, Willoughby, c. Pearl, First (of Brooklyn, attached to the New York Presbytery), Ram- sen, c. Clinton. First, Henry, n. Clark. Second, Clinton, n. Fulton. South Brooklyn, Clinton, comer Amity. Wallaeout (East Brooklyn), Franklin, n. Myrtle avenue. 74 CHURCHES IN BROOKLTN — STREET DIRECTORT. KOMAN CATHOLIC. Church op the Assumption, York, c. Jay. Ch. of the Holy Trinity (Ger- man), Bedford, n. Fulton av. St. Charles Borromeo, Sydney place, b. State and Joralemon sts. St. James, Jay, c. Chapel. St. Paul, Court, c. Congress. St. Patrick's, Kent avenue, East Brooklyn. St. John's (Gowanus), Fifth av., c, Twenty-first st. MISCELLANEOUS. Bethel, Woeksville. First Congregational Metho- dist, Lawrence, c. Tillary. Friends' Meeting, Henry, cor. Clark. Primitive Methodist, Bridge, n. Tillary. Protestant Methodist, Graham street, n. Flushing av. Reformed Presbyterian, Mon- tague Hall, Court. Sailor's Union Bethel, Main, n. Water. Second Advent, 94 Myrtle av. Unitarian, Pierrepont, b. Clinton St. and Monroe place. Universalist, Monroe pi. c. Cl'k. Wesleyan, High, b. Bridge and Jay sts. BROOKLYN STREET DIRECTORY. ' Name of Commence- Termination. Name of Commence- Termination Street. ment. Street. ment. Adams East River... Fulton. Division Av.. Division line. W'g & B'lya, Adelphi Flushing Av.. Fulton Av. Division Myrtle Av... Flusliing At. Amity Columbia.... Court. Dock Water Front. Atlantic South Ferry. Atlantic Av. Doughty Furman Hicks. Baltic East River... Hoyt. Douglass.... Duffield Court Hoyt. Bedford Av.. Flushing Av. Jamaica T'e. Tillary Fulton. At. Court....... Powers. Elizabeth.... Fulton Doughty. Carll. Boreum.. Fulton Bergen. Fair Prince Bolivar Fleet Raymond. Fifth Av Pacific Green'd Gem. Bond Fulton Av.... Warren. First PI Henry Smith. Bridge East River. . . Fulton. Fisher East River... V\'ate. Buebies Alley Butler Fulton. Poplar. Fleet Hudson Fulton At. Court. Hoyt. Flood's Al... Johnson Myrtle Av. Carll Tillary Willoughby. Flushing Av . Navy Division Av. Carlton Av... Flushing Av.. Jamaica R'd. Franklin PI.. Pearl Jay. Carrol Hamilton Av. Smith. Franklin Av.. Flushing Av . Jamaica T'e Chapel •lay Bridge. Front Fulton Hudson Av. Charles York Sands. Fulton Fulton Ferry. Pearl. ClieeverPl- Harrison Degraw. Fulton. Fulton Av. .. Fulton Bedford At. Clark Columbia.... Furman Fulton Atlantic Classon Av.. Flushing Av . Jamaica T'e. Garden Joralemon... State. Clinton Av... VVallabout B- Jamaica T'e. Garrison Front James. Clinton Fulton Gowanus Bay Gold East River... .Jamaica R'd. Columbia Fulton Gowanus Bay Graham Flushing Av . Myrtle At. Concord Fulton Navy. Green Lane.. Sands Front. Congress East River. . . Court. Hamilton Av. AtlanticDock Penny Bridge Court Fulton Gowanus Bay Hampden Flushing Av. Fulton Av... Jamaica R'd. Cranberry... Columbia Fulton. Hanover PL. Livingston. Cumberland . Flushing Av . Atlantic Av. Harper Court Jay Barbarine, Dean Court.. ^ Powers. East River .. Court. DeBevoice PI Fulton av.... Livingston. Hart's Al.... Bridge Gold. Degraw East River... Smith. Henry Fulton Luquer's M.P Bedford Av. DeKalbAv.. Fulton Av... Division Av, Hickory .lamaica Av.. Dick'uoa'B Al York Av Sanda. Hicks Fulton Hamilton A7 BROOKLYN STREET DIRECTORY. 75 ' Name of Commence- Termination. ISavic of Commence- Termination. Xtreet. ment. Street. ment. Navy. Powers Piesideut.... Fulton Hamilton Av. Hoyt Fulton Warren. Smith. Hudson Av.. Navy Y'd F'y Fulton Av. Prince Tillary Fultoiu Jamaica Av.. Myrtle Av... Bedford. Prospect Fulton Navy. James Front Main. Raymond.... Johnson Fulton. Jay Fulton Jay East River. Little. Remsen Sackett Columbia.--. River Clmton. John Smith. Johnson Fulton Raymond. Sands Fulton Navy, Joralemon Furman Fulton. Schermerh'rn Court Fulton Av. Kent Av Flushing Av.. ne Kalb Av. Second Henry Smitli. Lafayette Fleet........ Raymond. Sydney PI... Joralemon... State. Lafayette Av. Fulton Av. .. Classon Av. Skillman Flushing Av.. Myrtle At. Tillary Fulton. Smith Fulton Av.... Hamilton Av. Liberty iVassau Sprague's Al. Snell's Lane.. High Nassau. Little East River... Watir. Spencer Flu.shing Av.. Myrtle A^ Little Dock.. Hudson Av.. Little. Sprague's Al. Fulton, f..... Liberty. Livingston... Sydney PI... Fulton. Stanton Nassau Tillary. Love Lane. . . Monroe PI... Hicks. State Furman.. Powers. Main Cath. Ferry.. Fulton. Stewart Front Prospect Market Fulton James. Strong PI. — Harrison. Degraw. Marshall — . Gold Little. Talman Jay Charles. Mereein James Garrison. Third Av.... Bridge Road. Harrison Boundary L'o Middagh Columbia Fulton. Tiffany PL... On southerly. Mill Court Clark Smith. Pierrepont. Tillary Tompkins PI. Fulton Harrison Division. Monroe PI... Degraw. Montague PI. Hicks Court. Union Hamilton Av. Smith. McKenney... Doughty Poplar. United States Little Navy. Myrtle Av.... Fulton Division Av. Van Brunt... Harrison River. Nassau Na^v Navy. Fulton. Doughty Navy Poplar. Newtown R'd York Wallabout R. Nostrand Av. Mvrtle Av... De Kalb Av. Walworth. .. Flushing Av. Myrtle Av. Kevins Fulton Warren. Warren East River... Fourth Av. Oxford Flushing Av. Jamaica R'd Washington.. East River... Fulton. ?S-:::::: Columbia Fulton. Wash'ton Av Wallabout B. Jamaica R'd. East River... Power. Water Fulton Navy Yard. Park At Hudson Av.. Clinton Av. Willoughby... Fulton Raymond. Pearl East River. . . Fulton. Willow...:.. Poplar Pierrepont. Atlantic. Pierrepont .. Pine Afiple.. Columbia Fulton. Willow PI... Joralemon... Columbia Fulton. Wyckoff..-.. Court Powers. Plymoutli Mam Little. York James Mavy Yard. P^PI^^- Columbia Henry. 76 WILLIAMSBURGH. WILLIAMSBURGH. This thriving city upon Long Island, adjoining Brooklyn, \V8S at, in considerable village, of a few houses, until within the last thirty years Tlie gei-m was planted in 1817, when a feriy between that pomt and Grand street, New York, was estabUshed; and from that time its growth was gradual until within eight or ten years, during which its increase in population and business has been ti-uly wonderful It was incorporated a village in 1827 ; and in 1851 it received a city charter, to take effect January 1, 1852. The location of WilHamsburgh, upon a gentle slope from the East river, is very pleasant ; and its contiguity to New York is favorable to its rapid growth ; for thousands of the busi- ness men of that city reside in Williamsburgh. Three ferries now con- nect the two cities (see Ferries) : Peck slip, Grand street, and Houston street. The ancient village of Bushwick has been almost absorbed by "Williamsburgh. In public schools, churches, and other public institu- tions, Williamsburgh is well supplied. Its principjil public buildings are : The Postoffice, situated at 120 Grand street ; Trustees' Hall, comer of South Second and Eleventh streets ; Williamsburgh Savings Bank, comer of Fourth and South Third streets — open Mondays, Wednes- days, and Saturdays ; — Central Hall, comer of South F'irst and Fifth streets ; Williamsburgh Dispensary, South First and Fifth streets ; Odd Fellows' Hall. Grand street, corner of Third. The population was, in 1835, 3,328 ; in 1840, 5,094 ; in 1845, 11,338 ; in 1850, 30,856. CHTJRCHES IN WILLIAMSBURGH. BAPTIST. First, c. of Fifth and South Fifth. Second, c. Grand and Leonard. CONGEEGATIONAL. First, comer South Third and Eleventh. New England, c. Fifth and South First (Central Hall). DUTCH REFORMED. Comer of Fourth and S. Second. EPISCOPAL. Calvary (Free), Grand, c. Tliird. Christ Church, South, end of Fourth. St. Mark's, c. Fourth and South Fourth. St. Paul's (Free), c. Grand street and Graham avenue. German Evangelical, c. Wycoff and Graham avenue. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. AsBURY (col'd), North Seventh, n. Sixth. Bethel (col'd). First, n. Lorimer. First, South Second, n. Sixth. First German (free), c, Stagg and Lorimer. Free Union (col'd), c. Grand and Graham avenue. North Fifth Street, North Fifth, n. Fourth. Second, c. Grand and Ewen. Third, c. South Fifth and Fifth. METHODIST PROTESTANT. Free Mission (col'd), c. Grand at and Graham avenue. ASTORIA — FLUSHING — ETC. 77 Gkand Steeet, Grand, near Fifth street. PRESBYTERIAN. First, c. Sixth and South Fourth. The Presbyterian Church, cor. Fifth and South Third. First Reformed Presbyterian, c. Ninth and North First. ROMAN CATHOLIC. St. Peter and St. Paul, Second, n. Sovith Second. Holy Trinity (German), Mon- trose avenue, n. Ewen. TJniversalist, corner of Fourth and South Second sti'eets. ASTORIA This beautiful villas'?, formerly called Hallett's Cove, is upon Long Island, just below Hellgate whirlpool in the East river, 6 miles north- east from the city-hall. It is the place of residence for many retired merchants from New York, and those yet engaged in business there. It was named in honor of the late John Jacob Astor, whose country residence was upon Manhattan Island, almost opposite. Astoria has some good schools. A well-conducted and flourishing female seminary is located there. Near Astoria, that portion of the British anny which crossed from Long Island to Throg's Neck, in Westchester county, after the battle of Lon? Island, was encamped for a short time. Asto- ria is connected with New York by a ferry at the foot of Eighty-sixth street A steamboat leaves Peck shp for Astoria four times aday ; fare, 10 cents. Stages leave the city-hall for the same place every hour ; fare, 12^ cents. FLUSHING. This old town in Queen's county, Long Island, is a beautiful village, at the head of Flushing bay, an estuary of Long Island sound. It vpas settled as early as 1644, by Englishmen ; and aftei-ward, many Hugue- nots located there. In 1672, George Fox, the founder of the Quakers, visited and preached there. The oak is still standing under which he proclaimed the gospel. There is located Prince's Linnean Botanic Gar- de7i,_ commenced as early as 1756, by William Pi'ince. Visiters have free access to the garden, except on Sundays. M'Donald's private asy- lum for the insane, is situated near the •sillage, upon a deliofhtfLil loca- tion. The salubrity of the atmosphere, and the excellence of its schools, make Flushing a desirable place for residence. A steamboat leaves the east side of Fulton market, for Flushing : fare, in summer, l'2k cents ; in winter, 20 cents. A stage also leaves Grand street Feny, Williams- burgh, for Flushing, every Tiour ; fare, 12 J- cents. Flushing is 12 miles distant from the city-hall. 78 RAVENSWOOD — FLATEUSH — ETC. RAVENSWOOD Is a pleasant little village near Astoria, the offspring and growth of the last few years. It is a delightful place for summer residence. The steamboat for Astoria lands passengers there ; fare, 10 cents. NEWTOWN. This pleasant Long Island village is about 8 miles from New York, and 5 miles east of Williamsburgh. It was first settled by the English in 1651. There General Howe had his quarters after the battle of Long Island ; and in a house yet standing in the village, he wrote hia account of that affair to Lord Dartmouth. "Stages leave Williamsburgh, at the Peck-slip ferry, hourly, for Newtown ; fare, 12^ cents. GREENPOINT. This is a flourishing village on the south side of the mouth of New- town creek, Long Inland. It is separated from Williamsburgh by Bushwdck inlet. This is the spot where the British army embarked and crossed to Manhattan Island, at Kipp's bay (Thirty-fourth street), after the battle of Long Island, in 1776. Greenpoint is a very pleasant place for residence, and promises yet to grow to the magnitude and importance of a city. Stages leave the Fulton ferry, Brooklyn, for Greenpoint, every half-hour ; fare, 6 cents. FL ATBUSH. This heautifi^l village, upon the plain behind the hills of Greenwood, is 4^ miles from New York. It is peerless in beauty among the vil- lages of Long Island. Flatbush is the " Midwout," or Middle Woods, of the Dutch, who settled there as early as 1651. By order of Gov- ernor StuyA'esant, a church was erected there in 1655, the first church built on Long Island. There is Erasmus Hall, one of the oldest incor- porated academical institutions in the state. The severest part of the battle of Long Island was fought near Flatbush ; and in some accounts of the conflict, given at the "time, it is called the Battle of Flatbush. Stages leave Fulton feriy, Brooklyn, every hour, for Flatbush ; far^, 12^ cents. HICKSVILLE Is a station upon the Long Island railway, 26 miles from New York. It is in the midst of the cultivation on the borders of the vrildcmesa which extends from Farmingdale almost to Riverhead, a distance of about 50 miles. Hicksville derived its name from Elias Hicks, the founder of the Unitarian division of Quakers kiiovra as Hicksites, U being near the place where he i-eeided. JAMAICA — ROCKAWAT BEACH — ETC. 79 JAMAICA. This is an old town in the southwest part of Queen's county, on Long Island, It wad first settled by the Dutch, in 1660, and called ••Rusdorp." The first church there was erected in 1662; and from that period until the present, Jamaica has been considered one of the beautiful places on Long Island. It is situated upon the margin of the Long Island railroad, 13 miles from New York. From it diverge roads to Brooklyn, Willlamsburgh, Jericho, Flushing, Rockaway, and Hemp- etead. It possesses thriving manufactories ; and, for a SHmmer resi- dence, where delightful drives may be had, few places offer greater attractions. The cars from South Brooklyn go to Jamaica four times a day ; fare, 25 cents. ROCKAWAY BEACH. This fashionable resort, as a delightful watering-place, is in the town of Hempstead, on the southern shore of Lone Island. It is a peninsula, between Jamaica bay and the ocean. The Marine Pavilion, a splendid hotel for the accommodation of summer-visiters, was erected in 1834, about 70 rods from the ocean. Rock Hall is another spacious public- house. The usual route to Rockaway from New York, is by the Long Island railway, to Jamaica — ^fare, 25 cents, — and thence to the Beacl^ nine miles, by stage ; fare, 50 cents. NEW UTRECHT. This is a very pleasant little village, 9 miles from Brooklyn, about a mile from Gravesend bay, and a mile and a half from the narrows. It was settled by Hollanders, in 1654. It was very near this village that the British army landed. It is a pleasant place for residence in summer ; and over the level country aroimd it are delightful drives. FORT HAMILTON. This strong fortress is in the town of New Utrecht ; and, with Forts Lafayette and Tompkins, guards the entrance to New York bay, at the Narrows. It is situated upon a bluff, at the extreme western point of Long Island. Here was a tavern, knovsm as Denice's, and a ferry, at the time when the British went over from Staten Island, in 1776. It is 7 miles distant from New York, and is a place of much resort in the summer. Around the fort is a considerable village, which contains several public-houses for the accommodation of boarders in summer. On accoimt of the variety of scenery, it is preferable to Coney Island, as a residence in warm weather ; and Gravesend beach, for bathing, is only half a mile distant. The Coney-island boats land passengers here. Stages leave Fulton terry, Brooldyn, every afternoon ; fare, 12 centa. 80 NEW ROCHELLE — CONEY AND STATEN ISLANDS.. GRAVESEND VILLAGE Is near the southwestern extremity of Long Island. The town was settled by emigrants from Massachusetts, as early as 1640. Upon the beautiful beach of Gravesend bay, between Fort Hamilton and Coney Island, a large portion of the British army landed, to attack the Amer- icans in the neighborhood of Brooklyn, in August, 1776. NEW- ROCHELLE, ETC. This delightful village is upon Long Island soimd, or rather upon an estuary of the sound, 23 miles from New York city. It was settled toward the close of the seventeenth century, by Huguenots who fled from persecution in France. They named the place after their native city, Rochelle, in France. Many of their descendants yet reside there. Upon the hills north of the village, on the high road to Whiteplains, the British array, under General Howe, was encamped before the skirmish at the Plains. At the landing place is a spacious hotel, for the accom- modation of summer boarders. The village and its vicinity are a de- lightful retreat during the warm season. Four trains daily, from the city-hall, stop at New Rochelle ; fare 40 cents. Marmaroneck, Rye, Greenwich, and Stamford — ^beyond New Rochelle, are all pleasant villages for summer residence ; and, lying upon the margin of the New Haven railroad, they are easy of access. The latter is a large village in Connecticut, 36 miles fi-om New York. Several city merchants reside there. The fare by railway is 65 cents. CONEY ISLAND. This watering place is at the southern extremity of Long Island, from which it is separated by a narrow channel crossed by a handsome bridge. It is about five miles long and one wide. It is 12 miles from the city of New York, and is one of the most fashionable places of resort for the people of the city, in summer, for sea-bathing. It has a fine, sandy beach, a spacious hotel, and numerous bathing-houses. The best time for bathing is before 2 o'clock in the afternoon. Stages leave the Fulton ferry, Brooklyn, for Coney Island, via Flatbush, Flat- lands, and Gravesend village ; fare, 37J cents It is a deUghtful ride in pleasant weather. Steamboats also ply daily between New York and the island during summer ; fare, 12J cents. STATEN ISLAND. Staten Island is situated 54 miles from the city of New York, and forms the county of Richmond. It is 13 miles long, and averages (J broad, and is divided into four townships. The northern part is hilly, while the southern nart is more level Richmond Hill is elevated 300 NEW BRIGHTON — TORKVILLE — ETC. 81 feet above the ocean ; and the view from its summit is extensive and beautiful. The island contains several thriving villages, and many splendid country-seats. It is accessible by steam-ferries. — See Ferriea, NEW BRIGHTON. New Brighton is situated upon the northeast point of Staten Island having the magnificent bay of Hew York, and the distant city, in fiiU view. The ground rises from the hmding to a lofty altitude, and pre- sents very commanding sites for country-seats. A very spacious hotel, near the landing, is filled with boarders during the siunmer ; and over the surroimding hills, the mansions of New York merchants, and other city residents in winter, are strewn. A steamboat leaves the Battery, for New Brighton, every two hours, daily ; fare, 6^ cents. YORKVILLE. YoRKViLLE, a suburb of the city, and now almost swallowed up by it as it rapidly stretches toward Harlem, is situated upon the Harlem railroad and the Third avenue, 5 miles from the city-hall. It is pleas- antly situated upon tiigh grounds. The railway passes by it, through a deep cut, and, a little northward, penetrates Prospect hUl, through a tunnel 800 feet in length. A little westward of Yorkville, is the Receiv- ing Reservoir of the Croton Works. Stages leave Fulton and South ferries every ten minutes, and, passing through the Bowery and Third avenue, cai'ry passengers to Yorkville for 6j cents. HARLEM. This beautiful village, situated upon a river of the same name, is 7 miles from the city-hall. It was first settled by the Dutch, in 1660, who gave it the name of one of the chief towns of their " fader* land." It was a place of little note, as a remote suburb of the city, until within the last thirty years, when it began to grow, and is now making rapid strides in business and population. There many busi- ness men of the city reside ; and, during the pleasant months, it is the resort of thousands, while enjoying the pleasures of leisure hours. The Harlem railway cars leave the city-hall every hour ; and stages, which pass up the Bowery and Third avenue, leave the same place for this pleasant village eveiy fifteen mmutes ; fare in each, 12^ cents. Upon the plain stretching away toward Manhattanville, a severe battle was fought between the Americans and British, in the autumn of 1776, when Colonel Knowlton, a brave oflicer of Connecticut, was killed. From that time imtil the close of the war, llarlem was a Brit- ish outpost, while New York was headquarters. 4* 82 BLOOMINGDALE — MANHATTANVILLE — ETC* BLOOMINGDALE. This pleasant portion of Manhattan Island is 7 miles from the city- hall. The village is remarkable for its neatness and delightful situa* tion. It, too, will soon be overtaken by the great city in chase. Located upon the banks of the Hudson, its salubrity and beauty have attracted many city-merchants thither to reside. There two noble Christian institutions are located : an Asylum for the Insane, and an Orphan Asylum. Stages for Bioomingd^e leave the city-hall every half hour ; fare, 12^ cents. MANHATTANVILLE. This pleasant little village lies at the termination of Harlem Plains, upon the Hudson river, 8 miles from the city-hall. It, too, is a pleasant place for residence, and since the Hudson-river railroad has placed it within half an hour's ride of the busiaess portions of the city, mer- chants and others are seeking its pleasant retreat, as a quiet place of residence. Stages for Manhattan viUe leave the city-hall every halt hour ; fare, 12^ cents. CARMANVILLE. This is a pleasant village, situated upon the rising ground, on the Hudson river, in the vicinity of Fort Washington. The Hudson river railway has a station there. It is a delightful place for a summer resi- dence ; and such are now the facilities for reaching it, that, like other suburban villages upon the island, it is rapidly augmenting in popula- tion. The Fort Washington stages pass through Carmanville. It is 9 miles from the city-hall. MORRISANIA AND MOTTHAVEN. These two villages lie upon the Westchester side of the Harlem river, nearly opposite the village of Harlem. The former was the an- cient manor of the Morris family, a name of great importance in the colonial and revolutionary history of New York. The village, which has growm to its present bulk within a few years, is regularly laid out^ and is a pleasant place for residence ; fare, 16 cents. MoTTHAVKN owes its existence to the entei-prise of Jordan L. Mott, Esq., one ofthe most extensive iron-founders and stove manufacturers in the state. His foundry is located there ; and in its neighborhood quite a large village has sprung up within a few years. Cars leave the city-hall, 8 times daily ; fare, 12 cents. F O R D H A M. This pleasant little village is in Westchester county, upon the Har^ lem and New Haven railroads, 12 miles from the city-hall. Upon ibe TUCKAHOE — WHITEPLAINS — ETC. 83 •' Heights of Fordham," a range of gentle hills near, the British army was encamped in the autumn of 1776, previous to the battle at "White- plains. St. John's College, a Roman catholic institution, is l-ocated at Fordham. The edifices are spacious, and have a beautiful lawn in front, sloping down to the railway. Cars stop there several times daily; fare, 20 cents. TUCKAHOE Is a hamlet upon the Harlem railroad, in Westchester county, 20 miles from New York. The hill country in its vicinity is a pleasant place of resort in simimer. Cars stop there 4 times each day ; fare, 37| cents. WHITEPLAINS. This is a half-shire -village of Westchester county, situated near the Harlem railroad, 25 miles from New York. It was foimded before the Revolution ; and during that period, it was an important place. In the autinnn of 1776, quite a severe battle occurred upon Chatterton's hill, a mile westward of the village, between the British under Sir William. Howe and the Americans under Washington. The latter was defeated, and retreated to the high hills of North Castle, toward the Croton river. This was neutral ground ; and there the New York committee of safety held its sessions for some time. The winding Bronx flows near the village, and gives beauty to the charming sceneiy in the vicinity. The Harlem railroad is within three quarters of a mile of the old town. White Plains is a beautiful village in summer. It has one broad street, wherein most of the dwellings are located. The beauty of natural scenery in its vicinity can not well be surpassed. Cars leave the city- hall for that village, four times daily ; fare, 50 cents. BULL'S FERRY. Four miles below Fort Lee, on the west shore of the Hudson, is Bull's Ferry, a place of resort during the warm season. Like the for- mer place, it oflfers the attractions of pure air and superb scenery. From the heights in the rear, there is a fine view of the city and har- bor of New York. Steamboats leave the foot of Spring street for Bull's Ferry, in the morning and afternoon ; fare, 12J cents. FORT LEE. This is a little village at the foot of the Palisades, on the Jersey elioro of the Hudson, about 10 miles from New York. "The fort from which it derives its name, was situated upon the clifls above. It fell into the 84 TONKERS — HASTINGS — DOBB'S FERRT. hands of the British after the capture of Fort Washington, when the Americans commenced their famous iTtrcat across the Jerseys for Delaware, toward the close of 1776. Fort Lee is much resorted to during the simimer, by those wlio desire to breathe the pure mountain air for a few hours. Steamlioats leave Spring sti-eet wharf, for Fort Lee, in the morning and afternoon ; fare 12^- cents. Y O N K E R S This rapidly growing village is in Westchester county, upon the east bank of the Hudson, 17 miles fi-om the city-hall. Here is yet standing the old Phillipse manor-house, a substantial stone building, venerable in years and associations. There lived Mary Phillipse, to whom Washington made love, in 1756, without success, for she was already betrothed to Roger Morris, of Morrisania, Washington's com- panion in arms at the df^feat of Braddock. Many people doing busi- ness in New York now reside at Yonkcrs. The cars of the Hudson river railroad stop there many tmies daily ; fare, 25 cents : by steam- boat, from the foot of Harrison street ; fare, 12^ cents. HASTINGS. This little village, in a ravine among the hills on the bank of the Hudson, is one mile lielow Dobb's Ferry, and 21 miles from the city- hall. Fare by the Hudson river railroad is 30 cents. Steamboats for Hastings leave the foot of Robinson street, daily. Hastings, like other villages near, is rapidly filling with population from the city, especially fur thie smmner months. DOBB'S FERRY. This is a small village in Westchester county, 22, miles from New York. It is pleasantly located upon the banks of the Hudson ; and since the constmction of the Hudson river railroad it is becoming, like its sister villages on that thoroughfare, a desirable place for the resi- dence of city "merchants. Dobb's Ferry was an important place dur- ing the Revolution, There the British army, under Cornwallis, crossed the Hudson, in pursuit of the Americans in New Jersey, after the capture of Fort Washington, in the autumn of 1776. There the Americans had quite strong redoubts ; and it was at that place that An- dre and Arnold agreed to have their first interview. There a portion of the American and French armies crossed in 1780, when moving to- ward Virginia, to accomplish the capture of Cornwallis ; and there Washington and Sir Guy Carleton, and their respective suites, met to arrange for the evacuation of the city of New York by the British troops, in 1783. A train of cars stops at Dobb's Ferry several times daily ; fare, 35 cents, A steamboat also plies thither from the foot of Chambers street, daily ; fare, 12i cents. DEARMAN — PIERMONT — ETC. 85 D E A R M A N. This is a new village. It had neither name nor existence previous to 1849 ; when a farm, lying upon the slope of the east bank of the Hudson, three miles above Dobb's Ferry, was sold in building-lot par- cels, and a village mapped out. It is opposite the mile-long pier of the Erie railroad, at Piermont, between which and Dearman a ferry has been established. Already several beautiful little cottages have been erected at Dearman, and it promises to be a thriving village. A quar- ter of a mile above is Sunnyside, the residence of Washington Ii-ving, Fare by the Hudson ziver railroad, 35 cents. PIERMONT. This village is in Rockland county, 25 miles north of the city of New York, at the termination of the New York and Erie railroad, upon the Hudson. It is pleasantly situated, in a narrow valley, and upon the elopes that come down to it, at the upper tennination of the Pahsades. Here the Tappan creek flows into the Hudson ; and, about two miles in the interior is Tappan village, memorable as the place where Major Andre was tried and executed. The Erie railroad company have ex- tensive workshops here. These, and the business incident to the tran- sit of passengers and merchandise, have rapidly increased the wealth and population of Piermont. A steamboat, from New York to Pier- mont, makes four trips daily ; faro, 25 cents : by Hudson river rail- road, and the ferry at Deaiman, 35 cents. SUFFERNS Is upon the New York and Erie railroad, in Rockland county. 42 miles from New York, by the river ; and 38, by the Patorson railroad, which terminates here. Suftems is about a mile and a half from the famous Ramapo pass of the Revolution ; and near the depot is an ancient dwel- ling used for a short time by Colonel Aaron Burr, as his headquarters, when in command of a regiment in that vicinity. Here the Paterson railroad connects with the" New York and Erie. By the former, the fare is 63 cents, three trains daily ; by the latter, 60 cents, four trains daily, TARRYTOWN Is one of the most beautiful villnges upon the Hudson, south of the Highlands. It lies scattered over the hills, and at the verge of the river, and contains many elegant residences, It was early settled by the Dutch. Tarry town is iamous as the place where Major Andrg was captured ; and Washin^tou Irving has made Sleepy Hollow, and the Old Dutch Church (yet standing), just above the village, immortal by his " Legend." Tarrytown is 27 miles from New York city. The cars of the Hudson River railroad stop there many times daily ; fare, 40 cents, —by steamboat from foot of Chambers street, 25 cents. m SING-SING — WEST POINT. SIN G-S I N G. This village, scattered over the hills on the margin of the Hudson, 33 miles from New York city, is one of the most thriving tovms in West Chester county. Its own location and the scenery around it are ex- ceedingly picturesque. There one of the three penitentiaries of the Btate is located. The prison is built of white marble, dug from an ex- tensive quarry on the spot. The prison may be visited daily, except Sundays. To prevent an overflow of visiters, thereljy internapting the mechanical operations of the establishment, and consuming the time of the officers, a fee of 25 cents is required from each visiter, before enter- ing. The cars of the Hudson river railroad stop there several times daily ; tare, 50 cents. A boat leaves the foot of Chambers street, for Siug-Sing, daily ; fare, 25 cents. WEST POINT. , West Point, the locality of the United States Militaiy Academy, upon the Hudson River, is a high, rocky promontory in the midst of the Highlands, fifty-two miles north of New York. This point, which is at an altitude of more than one hundred and fifty feet above the river, is level upon the top, covered with green sward, and embel- lished with several fine stone edifices, used for the purposes of military and scientific instniction. On the western verge of the green, at the base of the mountain, are the several dwellings of Officers and Profes- sors, and near the edge of the water, upon a slope upon the northern side of the promontory, is Camptown, the residences of many persons having an indirect connection with the Establishment, and also the place of barracks fcr United States soldiers. The Military Academy was established by an act of Congress in 1802, pursuant to a suggestion of Washington, made in 1783. Early in the Revolution Fort Consti- tution was built upon a point opposite ; and in 1778 a strong redoubt was built upon West Point by Kosciusko, and called Fort Clinton. From this redoubt, across the river to Fort Constitution, a ponderous iron chain was stretched, to prevent British vessels ascending the river. In the meanwhile, as a support to Fort Clinton, Fort Putnam was built upon the top of Mount Independence, in the rear, five hun- dred feet above the plain. The gi-ay ruins of this fort may be seen by the traveller. Several redoubts were built among the mountains in the vicinity. This post, with its numerous dependencies, Benedict Arnold attempted to betray into the hands of British power in the autumn of 1780. Aside from the historical associations which hallow West Point, it is an exceedingly attractive place for summer tourists or loungers. In the midst of a^'vast amphitheatre of hills, the most picturesque sce- nei-y meets the eye on every side, while the air is ever salubrious. There is a good hotel upon the Point for the accommodation of visit- ers, and a little below, on the road to Fort Montgomery, is Cozzens's, a very spacious public house. The cars of the Hudson river railway stop at Garrison's Landing, opposite West Point, several times a day, ajia the river steamboats touch at Cozzens's dock. JERSEY CITY — HOBOKEN — ETC. 87 JERSEY CITY. This thriving town is situated upon a peninsula at the mouth of the Hudson, opposite the lower extremity of the city of New York, It was formerly called Paulus's Hook, a name quite prominent in the his- tory of the Revolution. Upon the neck of the peninsula, a httle in advance of the Bergen Hills, was quite a strong fortification, which was occupied as a British outpost, during a large portion of the war. It was surprised, and its ganison made prisoners, in July, 1779, by Major Heniy Lee and a part of his lea^on. Jersey city was incorpor- ated in 1820. It is handsomely laid out in broad streets, crossing each other at right angles. There the Paterson railway, connecting with the Erie; the Morris and Essex railway; the Central railway reaching toward Easton on the Delaware ; the New Jersey railway, ex- tending to Trenton, and connecting with routes to Philadelphia — all have a terminus. There, also, the Morris canal terminates, after pursuing a circuitous route of 100 miles from the Delaware river. The Cunard British steamship company have an extensive wharf here, from which their magnificent ships take their departure for Europe, at regular in- tervals. Manufactories of every kind are giving to Jersey city the most active prosperity ; and its present population, of about 16,000, promises to double within less than ten years. Several ferries connect it with New York city. HOBOKEN. This delightful place for summer residence or recreation, is situated upon the west bank of the Hudson, in New Jersey; opposite New York city. It is a rapidly-increasing village ; but its chief attraction consists in the beauties of nature aroimd it. We can hardly imagine a pleas- anter spot in sunmier than the Elysiaii Fields, which lie half a mile north of the village. There, green sward, shaded by lofty trees, in- vites the visiter to healthful exercise or repose. The sinuous pathways along the high bank of the river, leading from the village to the Fields, afford many beautiful glimpses of the metropolis, from among the trees. Upon the brink ot the river, about halfway between the village and the Fields, is a joint work of nature and art, called the Sybil's Cave. Within it is a living fountain of pure water ; and few take the " river route" (not Charon's) to the Elysian Fields, without quaffing a cup of cold water at this spring. There are three ferries connecting New York with Hoboken, WEEHA WKEN. North of Hoboken, upon the heights near the commencement of the Pahsades, is Weehawken, which consists chiefly of the country resi- dences of citizens of the metropolis. From its green hills and pleasant groves may be obtained a hundred views, all different and attractive, of the city and harbor of New York. Stages ply regularly between Weehawken and Hoboken daily, Sundays excepted. 88 PATERSON — NEWARK — ELIZABETHTOWN. PATERSON. Paters ON, in New Jersey, 17 miles from New York, is a very thri- ving manufacturing town. Its chief advantages, as such, arise from the extensive water-power afforded by the Passaic river, on the banks of which the town stands. Almost every variety of heavy manufacturing is carried on there, employing a capital of over $2,000,000. The Pas- saic there has a perpendicular fall of 73 feet ; and when the river is swollen, it presents a sublmie scene. The picturesque beauties of the Passaic Falls attract thither many visiters during the summer ; and, as they can be reached by railway from New York within an hour and a half, they are becoming a place of considerable resort for the citizens of the metropolis. The cars leave Jersey City for Paterson five times every day ; fare, 50 cents. In addition to its fourteen churches, for religious instruction, Paterson has literary and scientific societies, and numerous good schools. Its population, which is rapidly increasing,, was 21,341 in 1850. , NEWARK. This Important city, the largest in New Jersey, is situated near the mouth of the Passaic, at the head of Newark bay, 9 miles from the city of New York. Like Paterson, its prosperity is chiefly due to its manufactures. The city is well laid out, its broad streets crossing each other at right angles, and shaded by lofty trees. The venerable elms which shade its central square vie in size and beauty with those of New Haven, the " City of Elms," Many business men of New Y'ork make Newark their residence. It is easy of access, a train of cars passing between it and Jersey City hourly ; fare, 25 cents. During the season of navigation, a boat plies regularly between Newark and New York ; fare, 12^ cents. The boat leaves New York at the foot of Bar- clay street, twice each day. The New Jersey Historical Society is lo- cated in Newark ; and nmnerous other literary and scientific societies and excellent schools make that city a desirable place for residence. Public spirit and private enterprise are rapidly increasing the wealth and importance of the city. The population has more than doubled within ten yeai-s, being in 1850, 38,885. ELIZABETHTOWN. This is one of the oldest townships in New Jersey, Its name was given in honor of Lady Elizabeth, the wife of Sir George Carteret, one of the first proprietors of the province. It is tipon Eilzabethtown creek, about 4 miles from Newark, and 13 from the city of New York. It was a place of considerable importance during the Revolu- tion ; and quite extensive fortifications were thrown up between it and Staten Island sound. There the College of New Jersey, now at Prince- ton, was founded and first located ; and in the burial-ground of the first presbyterian church, the remains of Dickinson, its founder, repose. There, also, is the vault of Elias Boudinot ; the monument to Rev. Dr. ELIZABKTHPORT RAKWA V ETCV 8l^ Caldweli ; and the graves of many othrr patriots of tht» Ri volution. Through it American and British troops often passed ; for it was the easiest" point of access from Staten Island and New York city to the interior of Nfiw Jersey. Elizabethtown is a delightful place for resi- dence in euimiier. Though not so thriving as Newark, its wealth and: population are steadily increasing. It can be reached from New York by railway within an hour, and also by steamboat and stage by way of Elizabethport ; fare in the cars from "foot of CoriJaiid stn^'t, 31 cts,. ELIZABETHPORT. Is upon St^ften Island sound, 12 miles from Now York, and is the land- ingplace for the people of Elizabethtown. It is quite a thriving place; and, being the conunenccment of the Elizabethto^vn and bomervUe railroad, it must become a city of some importance, in time. About a mile from the steamboat wharf, the house whore Washington break- fasted when on his way to New York to be inaugurated the first pres- ident of the United States, is still standing. Here, during the Hevolu- tion, was a commissary's pott, for the exchange of prisoners ; and, at one time, the British made a bridge of boats across to Htaten Island, Fare in 6tcanil)oat, from Battery place, 12J cents ; via Elizabethtowii„ by railway, 31 cents. R A H W A Y. This is an old town upon the Rahway river, 5 miles from its mouthy and 10 miles southwest of Newark, at the head of na\igation. It waa settled in 1720. It is a thriving, manufacturing village, and possesse© excellent schools. Ajiiung these, the Rahway Female Institute ranks highly. The railway from Jersey City to Trenton and Philadelphia passes thrpugh it. In the old graveyard at Rahway is the grave of Abraham Clark, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Over it is a neat monument, with appropriate inscriptions. Care frorc Jersey City stop at Rahway f jur times daily ; fare, 31 cents. NEW BRUNSWICK. This is an old and large village, in Middlesex cotmty, N. J<. It waa- settled in 1730, by Dutch tamilies from Albany. It is upon the westent bank of the Raritan, about 14 miles from its mouth, at the head ot' fteamboat navigation. There the Delaware and Raritan cand has a- terminus, its cour.se being across the level portion of New Jersey, to the Delawai-e at Trenton. ITiere is located Rutger's College, which was chartered by George III., in 1770, mider the title of Queen's Col- lege. Its name was changed in 1825, and its present title given, in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers, one of its most hberal benefactors It is a beautiful place for summer residence. The New York ana Philadelphia railroad passes through it ; fare from New York (31 milesX W cent*. Four trains run daily. Steamboats ply daily from the fool of Robinson and of Barclay street ; fare, 25 cents. 00 MORRISTOWN — SCOTCH PLAINS— ETC MORRISTOWN Is in the upper part of New Jersey, nmong the hills, and is a beauti- fully located, healthy, and thriving village. It was settled about the year 1715. The village is chiefly upon a high plateau, at the foot of a range of lofty hills, from whose bosoms the "town is supplied with pure spring water. Its distance from New York, by the Morris and Essex railway, is 32 miles. It is only to be known to be appreciated as a summer residence. Morristown has much historic interest, as the camping place of the American army at tlie darkest hour of the Revo- lution. The headquarters of Washington, yet standing and well pre- served, belongs to the family of the late Judge Ford. Pare to Morris- town by thp "ailroad is, from Cortland street, 87^ cents. The scenery throuL'Ii wiJch the road passes is highly picturesque. SCOTCH PLAINS. This iittls village upon tli" Scotch plains, derives its name, like its locality, from its Scotch settlers, who seated themselves th^re in 1684, in thf "midst of a rich agricultural district. The village is in Somerser county, upon the Elizabethport and Somerville railroad ; fare from Ne-w York.".50 cents, BOUND BROOK. This httle village and MidJlebrook are the same; or rather, the npper part of Bomid Brook is called Middlebrook. It is upon the Eliz- abethport and Somerville railroad, 35 miles from New York. In the rear of the villasre is a high mountain, from which magnificent views of the plains of New Jersey may be obtained. From Washington's Rock New Bmnswick. with Raritan Bay, may be seen ; and, farther eastward, Staten Island anrl the Navesink Hills, at Sandy Hook, ter- minate the view. This vicinit%' is famous as the place of encampment of the American army in 1778-9, upon the slopes at the foot of the mountain. SOUTH AMBOY. This little village, thf- tn-minus of the Camden and Amboy railFoad l8 upon the south "side of the Raritan river, at its entrance into Raritan or Amboy bay, two miles south of Perth Amboy. Its chief importance la derived from the railwav. Steamboats ply daily, mommg and after- noor. between Amboy and Pier 1, N. R, New York ; fare, Ui cents. PERTH AMBOY. This pleasant httle village is upon the N.nv Jersey shore, on the north ride of the Raritan river, 25 miles southwest from N-w Yor<. Here was one of the earii^st settlements in New Jersey, and t!ie plane LONG BRANCH — RED BANK — ETC 91 where the first proprietors intended to build a " chief city," when New York was but a small town. It was a place of importance during the Revolution, being a point for communication with the interior of New Jersey Directly opposite Perth Amboy, upon Staten Island, is the house where a committee of the continental congress met Lord Howe, in 1776, to confer respecting a cessation of hostilities. The negotiation was fruitless. Steamboats ply twice a day between Perth Amboy and New York ; fare, 12^ cents. The place of departure from the city, ia Battery place. LONG BRANCH. This is another fashionable watering place in the vicinity of New York, being only 31 miles distant. It is upon the shore of Monmouth county, on the same sandy beach as the Hook. Humireds resort tliither for bathing during the simimer. A boat for Long Branch leaves Peck Blip daily ; fare, 50 cents. RED BANK. This delightful place of retreat for families in summer, is upon the Shrewsbury river, in Monmouth county, New Jersey, 35 miles from New York. A boat for this place leaves Peck slip daily, and carries passengers to the Ocean House, Port Hamilton, and Long Branch also ; fai-e, 50 cents. SHREWSBURY. This is a beautiful httle village, two miles from Red Bank, and Is famed for its salubrity. It was first settled by Connecticut people, and bears the impress of " the land of steady habits." Thither many families go from the city to reside during the summer months. SANDY-HOOK, ETC. This is a low, sandy beach, separated from the main land by a nari- gable channel, and stretching along the coast of Monmouth county, N. J., to the moiith of Shrewsbuiy river. This beach was sejjarated from the main during a heavy storm, in 1778. Through it, a httle above the Shrewsbury river, is Shrewsbury inlet; and upon it, opposite the mouth of that river, is the Ocean House, a place of much resort for Bea-bathing, durin^ the summer. Here are the Navesink or Neversink hills, the first land seen by the voyager, when approaching the port of New York. There are three light-houses together upon these hills, and one toward the northern extreinity of Sandy-Hook. Excursion trips to Sandy-Hook are made almost daily, during the warm season ; fare, 50 cents. The Ocean House upon Sandy-Hook, at the mouth of Shrewsbury river, is a place of great resort for bathers. A steamboat leaves Peck slip daily, for this locahty ; fare, 50 cents. 92 KEY PORT — MIDDLETOWN POINT. KEY PORT. This village lies on Raritan bay, about twelve miles west of Sandy Hook, and directly opposite the "line lieadlaud of Matteawan (or Mat- avan). It has a bold situation, excellent hotels, is famous for its superior oysters, and is rapidly becoming a place of great resort for summer boarding. Accessible by steamboat from foot of Murray St., every day, and twice a day during the simimer season ; fare 25 cents. MIDDLETOWN POINT. This place is two miles west from Key Port, and is a country town of considerable size. It is noted for good inland situation, and excel- lent society, and united as it is to Key Port, by a fine road, must be much sought after as a place of permanent, as well as summer resi- dence. Accessible by same conveyance as Key Port. TELEGRAPH LINES FROM NEW YORK. New York, Albany, and Buffalo, and the West, Ofiice 16 Wall street. New York and Washington, and the South, Offices 5 Hanover street, comer of Beaver, and 203 Broadway. New York, Boston, and the East, Office 29 Wall street. House's Printing, to various parts, Office corner of Broad and Wall, Tariff of Prices to Various Parts of tlie Country. To Newark *20 Philadelphia 25 Baltimore 50 Washington 50 Richmond 67 Charleston 1.19 Savannah 1.46 Columbus, Ga 1.75 Mobile 2.07 New Orleans 2.40 Albany 30 Troy SO Utica 30 Rochester 40 Buffalo 40 Toronto 63 Dunkirk 50 Cleveland 50 Price for first ten words or less. Pittsburgh *60 Wheeling 80 Detroit 75 Columbus, Ohio 80 Cincinnati 75 Louisville 1.20 St. Louis 1.45 Galena 1.40 Chicago 1.00 MiUvaukie 1.30 New Haven 20 Hartford 20 Springfield, Mass 20 Providence 20 Boston 20 Portland Banffor Hahfa.x 1.65 t Price for each word over ten. 40 3 No charge is made for the signature or the direction. HOTELS IN NEW YORK. 93 HOTELS IN NEW YORK. Albany, 44 Howard. Albany House, 18 College place. AsTOR House, Broadway, c. Bar- clay. Atlantic, 5 Broadway. Barclay Street, West, c. Bar- clay. Battery, 4 Battery place. Bixby's. 1 Park place. Bond Street House, 665 Broad- way. Bowery, 395 Bowery. Bull's Head, 296 and 298 Third avenue. Carleton House, 350 and 352 Broadway. Churchill's, 5 College place. City, 429 Broadway. Clarendon, Fourth avenue, cor. E. Eighteenth st. Clermont, 12 College place. Clifford House, 23 and 25 Park place. Clinton, 5 Beekman. Collamore, 532 Broadway. Collins, foot of Canal street. Commercial, 73 Cortland st. Delavan, 8 Union place. De L'Europe, 548 Houston. Delmonico's, 25 Broadway. Dey Street, 54 and 56 Df>y. Eagle, William, c. Frankfort. Earle's, 17 and 19 Park row. East Broadway House, 117 East Broadway. Eastern Pearl, 309 Pearl. Exchange, 195 Chambers. Farmers', 247 Washinaton, Florence, 400 Broadway. French's, City-Hall square, cor. Frankfort. French & Spanish, 413 Broome. Girard House, West Broadway, c. Chambers. GrAmmercy House, 908 Broad- way. Gunter's, 145 and 147 Fulton. Howard, 176 Broadway. Hudson River House, 77 and 79 Robinson. Hungerford, 168 Duane. International, Broadway, cor. White. Irving House, 281 Broadway. Judson's, 61 Broadway. Lafarge, Broadway, n. Amity. Lovejoy's, 31 Park row. Manhattan, 5, 7 and 9 Murray st. Mechanics' Hall, 158 and 160 Hester. Mercantile, 6 Warren. Merchants', 37, 39, and 41 Cort- land. Metropolitan, Broadway, cor. Prince. National, 3 and 5 Cortland. New Haven House, 412, 414, and 416 Broadway. New York, 723 Broadway. Northern, 79 Cortland. North American, 30 Bowery. Oriental, 43 Lafayette place. Pacific, 172 Greenwich. Pearl Street House, 88 Pearl. Prescott, Broadway, cor. Spring, Revere, 1085 Broadway. Scandinavian, 53 Greenwich. Shakespere, 9 Duane. St, Charles, 347 Broadway. St. Denis, Broadway, c. West Eleventh st. St. James', 70 East Fourteenth. St. James', 722 Broadway. St. Louis, 101 and 103 Chambers, St. Nicholas, 515 Broadway. Tammany, 166 Nassau. Temperance, 28 Cortland. United States, 200 Water. Union Place, Fourtenth St., cor. Broadway. Waverley, 697 Broadway. Western, 9, 11, and 13 Cortland. Westchester, 148 Bowery. 94 RAILROAD ROUTES VROM NEW YORK. RAILROAD DISTANCES FROIVI NEW YORK. Railroad to Philadelphia. To Jersey City . . Newark Elizabethtown... Kahway Uniontown New Brunswick. Kingston Princeton Trenton Morrisville Bristol Tacony Philadelphia . . . To Boston via New Haven and Hartford, To Harlem New Roch'elle Greenwich Stamford Norwalk Bridjreport S'ratford New Haven Wallingford Meriden Berlin Hartford Warehouse Point Springfield Palmer South Brookfield Worcester Framingham Boston , Erie Railroad. To Piermont by Steamboat Suffems Monroe Middletown Delaware Narrowsburg Deposit Great Bend Binghamton Owego Tioga Chemung Elmira Corning Horaelisville Genesee Clean Cattaraugus Dunkirk 16 169 231192 231215 2ll236 132 187 210 15 225 22 i 247 6J252 181270 14284 lelsoo 421342 25!S67 37i404 34!438 To Albany by Hudson River Railroad. To Manhattanville Yonkers Tarry town Sing Sing Haverstraw Peekskill Cold Spring Fisbkill New Hamburgh. . , Poughkeepsie Hyde Park Rhinebeck Hudson , Coxsackie Stuyvesant East Albany Albany Troy To Albany via the Harlem and Western Railroads. To Harlem , Mott Haven Morrisiana Fordham Williams B ridge Bronxville Tuckahoe Scarsdale White Plains Kensico Unionville Pleasantville , New Castle Bedford , VVhitlockville , Mechanicsville Croton Falls , Brewster's Dykeman's , Patterson Paul in 2S South Dover Dover Furnace Dover Plains Amenia Millerton Boston Corners Copoke Hillsdale Ghent Chatham Four Comers, junc- tion of Western Railroad . . Kinderhook 3114691 Albany , MARKETS, EXPRESS KS. — TELEGRAPHS. 95 CATTLE MARKETS. Cattle Markets. — Forty-fourth street and Fifth avenue, for CatfJe and Sheep : Market-dajs, Mondays and Thursdaya. Lower Bull's Head, for Sheep, Cows, and Calves, Sixth street, near the Bowery : Daily. Chambeelin's Market, for Sheep, Cowf, and Calves, Rob- inson street, between Washington and West streets : Daily. Horse Market, Thirty-eighth street and Third avenue : On WedneB* days and Saturdays. EXPRESSES. Adams', Ea?t, South, and California, 59 Broadway. American Express Co., North and West, 10 Wall street Berford's California, 3 Vesey street. Harnden's, East and South, 6 Wall street. Kinsley's, East and South, 1 Wall street, comer of Broadway. Hoey's, CharlestoH and New Orleans, 19 Wall street Harlem Railroad, Tryon row, east of City HalL Hudson River Railroad, 3 Hudson street Long Island Railroad, foot of Atlantic street BrooklyiL Note. — Express offices for most of the surrounding Citiea end VTK lagea, at some of the above offices. THE LATTING TOWER. This tower is situated in Forty-third street opposite the Crygtal palace. It is 75 feet diameter at the base, running up 350 feet to » point 60 feet of which is designed as a flagstaff. Visiters will ascend by a spiral stairway 275 feet, ifrom which point is afforded one of th© finest and most extensive views in the world. It is finished in elegant Etyle 125 feet from the ground — each story occupied as a scientific mu- seum, a picture-gallery, where the pictures of the best artists are kept for sale. A number of telescopes, of different powers, are stationed in different parts of the tower, affordine visiters every facility for viewing the surrounding scenery and the starry heavens. An Im- mense Drummond light is placed upon the extreme top of the obser- vatory. The entrance is from Forty-third street through a spacious hall, on each side of which are twenty bazars for the sale of every species of fancy goods. Connected with the establishment is a ladies' ordinary, fitted up for comfort and convenience without regard to ex- pense. The cost of this tower was $150,000. 96 THK CRYSTAL PALACK. THE CRYSTAL PALACE. Thb conception of the WorlJ's Fair, in ]851, in London, was th« dawn of a new eru throughout tho world. It was a grand exhibition of what the world, enjoyin^peace, can do, and U l)y far the best argu- ment ever made in favor of universal peace, and the brotherhood of the race. The success of the fair suggested the expediency of similar enterprises in other parts of the world. Soon after the close of that exhibition, steps were taken by the citizens of this country who were in London, for a Crystal palace here in 185?, and it was decided to be located in the city of New York. Reservoir square was leased for this purpose, for tive years, provided it should be made of iron and glass, and that no single entrance-fee should exceed fifty centa. The plan for the palace was designed by G^"orge J. B. Carstensen, and Charles Gildmeister. The general idea of the edifice is a Greek cross, surmounted by a dome at the intersection. Ench diameter of the crosB is 365 feet 5 inches long. There are three similar entrances ; one on the Sixth avenue, one on Fortieth street, and one on Forty-second street. Each entrance is 47 feet wide, and surmounted by a semi- circular fan-light Each arm of the cross on the ground plan is 149 feet broad, which is divided into a central nave and two aisles. There are in effect two arched naves crossing err^h other at right wngles, 41 feet broad, fi7 feet high, and 365 feet long. Each aisle is covered by a gallery, 24 feet from the floor. The central dome is 100 feet in di- ameter, 68 feetin.>*ide from the floor to the spring of the arch, and 118 feet to the crown ; and on the outside, with the lantern, 149 feet Four large and eight winding staircases connect the principal floor with the gallery, which <'p ;v o M m^mMmmMmmBmmmm nfflODDDa^llllWTflfll^^^iraDDaDHDQiM ,DqDDumDDD]QGaa[DnirjjjjjjjjjjjMu!ua^' 11111111 liiftiiiniimni.;. f|fl^pH{f^Hn|||i||il|||fli||i|i|CI^ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 220 414 9 ^