.-vffl^:. -^ .vaster. ^ d to run — He heard the cannon thunder. 3. And when he came to Hempstead town He heard the cannon rattle, — Poor Col. Heard he ran away And dared not face the battle. 4. And now he's gone to Oyster Bay Quick for to cross the water ; He dare no m»re in Hempstead stay For fear of meeting with a slaughter. t A Teacher at Newtown had his boys drawn up by the road-side to make their manners as the soldiers passed. 39. In reply to a circular letter sent to the different com- mittees of Queens county, soliciting evidence against the prisoners carried off to Philadelphia by Col. Heard, the com- mittee of Great Neck, Cow Neck, &c, replied as follows : District of Great Neck, Cow Neck, $c, i March 9, '76. $ Sir: The committee have received a letter from your honorable body, of the 15th of February, and as far as lay in their power, complied with its contents. " But surely [you will say] you could have collected more proof than all this ?" The answer is ready. Their meetings were confined to their own party, their conclusions kept as secret as possible, added to our living in a remote part of the county, rendered our abilities unequal to the task. We are, however, able to give an imperfect account of our own district, wherein lives but one of the proscribed. And as this great man has been supposed by many the main-spring in keeping up the divisions in this county, it may be a sufficient excuse for our being tedious on this head. We shall therefore, with the utmost humility, proceed to put our scattered materials in order, for the consideration of your honorable body. Soon after this gentleman left the General Assembly, he appears in the light of a disperser of the 'Queens County Free- holder." 1 The design of this paper is glaring on its whole surface. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 49 He next appears the author of the Hempstead resolves ; 2 and as the Queens County Freeholder levelled its whole force at the very essence of a Continental Congress, so these re- solves struck at the total overthrow of Provincial ones. Soon after the Battle of Lexington, this gentleman roundly avows that the Bostonians fired first on the King's troops. 3 and that more of the Bostonians were killed than of the Regulars ; but as the public prints gave the lie to this proposition, it be- came necessary to erect a new battery. Hence he asserts the newspapers are lies. 4 He had. he 6aid, private information that might be depended upon. But this having no other foundation than his own assertions, the means were unequal to the end. Here, with an air of import- ance equal to its absurdity, [he] asserts, " Capt. McDougal says : it is necessary to print untruths' to keep up the spirits of the people, 5 and Capt. St. Thorne [says he] is my author, who heard him say so." The populace took fire like hasty combustibles, and although Capt. Thorne denied the essential part of the charge, yet it was impossible fully to prevent its effects. Soon after the order of the respectable committee of safety for collecting some arms in Q,ueens county, (see 36.) this gen- tleman attacks the right, and 6 openly declared that they were an unconstitutional body, who had no legal existence, and that he was determined to resist the order ; but had it been the Continental Congress [he said] he would have submitted pub- licly, for he did not deny their authority, but spoke respectfully of them. " But what [said he] is to be done for our friends in Boston — the friends to order and good government — and loyal soldiery, that are supporting the rights of the States and the very being of the Constitution, who are starving by means of a restrictory Act ?" " Why, this," says he, ;; I'll do—" ' : I'U charter Capt. Thome's sloop 7 and send them provi- sions," notwithstanding an order of the honorable Congress to the contrary. Mark the gradual steps of this gentleman to something of more alarming dye : for things were no sooner ripe, than he attacks the honorable Continental Congress itself; hence 8 he 50 RISE AND PROGRESS OF has openly asserted he knew no such s[elf constituted autho- rity, and declared they were in c[onsequence unconstitutional. Not content with dispersing a scandalous libel ; fabricating seditious resolves; declaring our bleeding friends in Boston the aggressors ; alarming opposition by our great loss ; dis- countenancing our public prints ; defaming our respectable committee of safety ; denying the authority of our honorable Continental Congress ; but [he] begins an open attack on our grand resource, the continental currency, also. Hence he asserts, " I take no continental currency 9 unless for a bad debt :" and getting one of these bills on this ground, expressed his uneasiness to pay it away as soon as possible. " But we see [you'll say] no accounts of the formation of com- mittees who protested against your spring and fall county meetings for deputies. We see no proof of the meeting pre- vious to their getting powder from the Asia, nor any of the proscribed being concerned in that affair." Very true; for this proof is not in our power. " Why, you might have cited some of their second rate leaders, and by that means got proof to your satisfaction." What effects the solemnity of your honorable body might have on them, we do not pretend to de- termine ; but we have tried the experiment in our own little sphere, and found it entirely in vain. We fear you are tired through this long detail. So con[scious of the importance of the subject, we are] de- termined to persevere [in the discharge of our duties.] We are, sir, Your very humble servants. Signed by order, BEN J. SANDS, Chairman. P. S. We have cited , Esq., an inactive Whig, for interrogation, who evaded attendance on pretence of business. We suspect him too good an evidence to escape your notice, as well as to convince him that all business must bend to the preservation of his country. To Col. Nath'l Woodhull, President of the Hon. Provincial Congress. 1 Witness — Dan'l Whitehead Kissam, of Cow Neck. * Witness— John Burtis, tanner, of Cow Neck. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 51 3 Witness — Henry Stocker, Capt. Richard Thorne, of Great Neck. ^Witness — Obadiah Demilt, of Cow Neck. 5 Witness — Ann Rapalje, of Cow Neck. 6 Witness — John Burtis, tanner. 7 Witness — Caleb Cornwell, Cow Neck. 8 Witness — Rich'd Thorne, Capt. Thomas Williams, North Side. 9 Witness — Henry Stocker, Great Neck ; Thomas Williams, North Side. 40. February 18, '76. A circular letter was sent to the counties for raising companies in four regiments, for the de- fence of the colony, by order of the Continental Congress. March 5. Congress took into consideration the state of the militia in Queens county, and determined that it would be requisite to have the friends to the liberties of their country there properly regimented, and a letter was sent to Col. Blackwell. In Provincial Congress, March 7, '76. Gentlemen : The Congress being of opinion that it is ab- solutely necessary that the inhabitants of your county, who have signed the association, and are friendly to the liberties of their country, should be formed into military companies and regimented, and be in a capacity of defending themselves if attacked; (and being informed that they have appointed a county committee, and likewise that committees are chosen in several districts in your county,) that they carry the resolves of Congress for regulating the militia into execution, and recom- mend suitable men for field officers. The very great importance of the rights for which we are contending, the situation of our public affairs, and the great probability that the enemy will endeavor to get possession of this colony in the course of the spring, renders it totally unne- cessary for us to use any arguments with you on the subject. We doubt not you will exert yourselves to have these matters settled with all possible despatch in your county. Your humble servant, NATH'L WOODHULL, Pres. 41. March 6, '76. Gen. Lee sent Col. Ward to secure 52 RISE AND PROGRESS OF the whole body of tories on Long Island, in order to put the city and its environs in a state of defence. On the 12th, Daniel Whitehead Kissam, one of the com- mittee of Great Neck, Cow Neck, &c, waited on the Pro- vincial Congress, and complained of Isaac Seers for intruding into their district, and imposing a test on sundry persons. Seers sent to the Congress the following letter from Gen. Lee, as a justification of his conduct : New- York, March 5, '76. Sir : As I have received information from the Commander- in-Chief that there is reason soon to expect a very considerable army of the enemy, it appears to me I should be in the highest degree culpable — I should be responsible to God, my own con- science, and the Continental Congress of America, in suffering, at so dangerous a crisis, a knot of professed foes to American liberty to remain any longer within our own bosom, either to turn openly against us in arms, in conjunction with the enemy, or covertly to furnish them with intelligence, and carry on a cor- respondence to the ruin of their country, I must desire you will offer a copy of this test, enclosed, to the people of whom I send you a list. Their refusal must be considered an avowal of their hostile intentions. You are, therefore to secure their persons, and send them up without loss of time, as irreclaimable enemies to their country, to close custody in Connecticut. Richard Hulet is to have no conditions offered to him, but to be secured without ceremony. CHA'S LEE, Maj. Gen. Seers' Expedition on Long Island. Jamaica, March 7, '76. Sir: Yesterday I arrived at Newtown, with a captain's company, and tendered the oath to four of the greater tories, which they swallowed as hard as if it were a 41b. shot they were trying to get down. On this day at 11 o'clock, I came here, when I sent out scouting parties, and have been able to catch but five tories, and they of the first rank, who swallowed the oath. The houses are so scattered, it is impossible to catch THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 53 many, without horses to ride after them ; but I shall exert my- self to catch the greatest part of the ringleaders, and believe I shall effect it, but not in less than five days. I can assure your honor, there are a set of villains in this county, the better half of whom are waiting for support, and intend to take up arms. Nothing else will do but removing the ringleaders to a place of security. Lieut. Col. ISAAC SEERS, Dep. Ad. Gen. To Gen. Lee. 42. March 13, 1776. — Congress had issued an order to the committee of Cow and Great Neck for six horsemen from Queens county, to keep a lookout at Thomas Cornvvell's, at Rockaway. Congress also stationed troops on the coast and beach, and armed vessels at the inlets of the south bays, to intercept boats supplying the British fleet off the Highlands with clams, fish, water and fresh provisions. The Queens county committee ordered all boats from Rockaway to Huntington, eighteen miles, to be secured and put. under guards. Seven miles were carefully attended to by Capt. B. Birdsall,* who seized 106 hay boats and had them hauled up, some in a creek by his house, (now Meinell's,) others on the land, where they warped and dried so as to be nearly useless. The other eleven miles were rather neglected, so that the delinquents carried off to the British fleet 100 boats. * So active a partisan as Col. Birdsall, could not escape the wit and sarcasm of his opponents. Ben Bircham is a committee man, The tories don't regard him ; And when he's run his sinful race The d — I will rewaid him. Ben Bircham is a commit'ee man, Do you want to know the reason ? A bigger ropue cannot be found To cheat, when there's occasion. In Committee, for the Dist. of Great Neck, Cow Neck, &c, held at Cow Neck, March 18, 1776. 43. Whereas sundry disaffected persons have moved into this neighborhood, whereby the district, instead of an asylum 54 RISE AND PROGRESS OF for the good and virtuous, is become a nest to those noxious vermin ; it has become the part of prudence, and in its effects, of necessity, to put an end to such proceedings in future by the most speedy and effectual measures for the public good. Be it therefore Resolved, That no manner of person presume to move into this district after the 1st of April next, without a certificate signed by the chairman of the committee of the district whence he removed, that he is friendly to the cause of his bleeding country. BENJ. SANDS, CK>n. In Com. for the Dist. of Great Neck, Cow Neck, &c, held at Cow Neck, March 27, 1776. 44. Whereas I R , one of the disarmed in this dis- trict, being since charged with counteracting the measures for the preservation of American liberty, on examination the com- plaint appeared founded ; and it was therefore the opinion of this committee that he should be held in bond for his good behavior, but on resistance of this order it became the part of expediency to reprobate this vile man as an enemy to his country and unworthy of the least protection, and we do hereby strictly enjoin all manner of persons in this district immediately to break off every kind of civil, mechanical and commercial intercourse with this deluded and obstinate person, as they will answer for the contrary at their peril. BENJ. SANDS, Ch>n. 45. March 27. The Continental Congress recommended to the committee of safety that all who were disaffected and refused to associate to defend by arms the United Colonies against the hostile attempts of the British fleets and armies, should be disarmed, the arms appraised and given to the Continental troops now being raised ; but that they should use all prudence and moderation. 46. An association of a company of forty in Jamaica was received from Joseph Robinson and Nathaniel Tuthill, dated March 27. Ephraim Baylis, Capt. ; Increase Carpenter, 1st Lt. ; Ab'm Van Osdoll, 2d Lt. ; Othniel Smith, Ensign. THE REYOLUTIONARY SPIRIT- 55 47. April 25, 1776. Last Saturday the James, pilot boat, one of the piratical tenders that infest this coast, came into Rockaway Inlet for plunder, but got aground. A party of American troops receiving information of it, marched with two field-pieces to attack her, but on the appearance of our men her hands took the long boat and fled. Our men took possession, and found four wooden guns mounted, got her off and brought her into safe harbor. — Hartford Courant. 48. Petition to Provincial Congress. Jamaica^ L. I., April 13, 1776. Gentlemen — We, the subscribers, inhabitants of the township of Jamaica, beg leave to acquaint you that we have heretofore been disarmed by order of the Continental Congress, which we peaceably and quietly submitted to, as not having it in our intention to act contrary to their resolves, or the resolves of your Congress ; notwithstanding which, we have lately been plundered of our cattle and effects, which have been publicly sold at vendue for half their value, in conse- quence of an order of Capt. Ephraim Bailey, for not appearing in arms and answering to our names, when it is well known we have been deprived of our arms, and thereby disqualified from any such service ; besides which it appears to us quite contrary to a late resolve of the Continental Congress. We, therefore, gentlemen, request it as a favor, that you will be pleased to take this matter into your serious considera- tion, and if the treatment we have received does not proceed from any order or direction of yours, that you will be pleased to give us such relief as you may think necessary. In which, gentlemen, you will oblige your respectful, humble servants. (12 names omitted.) Advertisement of five Delinquents. (Five names omitted.), of Jamaica, having thrice neglected to attend the times and places appointed for military exercise, and having for their non-attendance been three times successively fined, are hereby advertised and held up as enemies to their country. EPHRAIM BAILEY, Capt. 49. April 16, 1776. An election was held in Queens county, when the following Deputies (or any three of them) 56 RISE AND PROGRESS OF were elected to represent the county in the Provincial Con- gress, viz. : Jacob Blackwell, N. Samuel Townend, Esq., O. Jona. Lawrence, N. James Tovvnsend, O. Cor's Van Wyck, Success, Thomas Hycks, Esq., F. Waters Smith, J. Capt. John Williams, N. Side. Certificate of election signed by Geo. Townsend, Chair- man of Queens county committee. Only two appearing in Congress, the rest were ordered to attend and take their seats, or show cause of their neglect. Queens County, Hempstead, (North Side,) May 27, 1776. I received your letter, bearing date the 21st inst , which requires me to give my attendance ; to which I send you these lines, desiring to be excused, as I am so little acquainied with such business that I should be of no service, but remain your hearty friend in the American cause, To the Congress, New-York. JOHN WILLIAMS. Hicks excused himself on the ill state of his health and the extreme weakness of his constitution, which renders him utterly incapable of per- forming the duties of a Deputy. The remaining Deputies appeared. Jamaica, April 26, 1776. 50. At a meeting of the committee of correspondence and inspection for the township of Jamaica : Whereas this town has, for some time past, been desti- tute of a committee, Resolved, therefore, that this public notice be given, that there is now a committee chosen for the same, and as they are desirous of carry- ing into execution, as far as in them lies, the resolutions and recommenda- tions of the Continental and Provincial Congresses, they earnestly entreat all friends to American liberty in this town to aid and assist them in the trust reposed in them ; and should any of the officers serving under Con- gress within their district meet with any insults or obstructions in the execution of their office, they desire to be made acquainted therewith, as they shall look upon any indignity offered to such officers as directed THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 57 against that power from whence their authority is derived, and shall treat such offenders accordingly. By order of the Committee. EL [AS BAYLIS, Ch'n. 51. May 8. Thomas Mitchell appeared before the Con- gress, was sworn, and says, that " Capt. John Sands (agree- able to the resolutions of the Congress) has called out his company once a month to muster; that W., of Cow Neck, felt maker, on two different days of training, would not an- swer to his name, nor appear in the ranks. Capt. Sands levied a fine for each neglect, and W. applied to a magis- trate to have a suit brought against Sands to recover back the fines. Sands had seized and sold, for thirty shillings, a hat worth fifty shillings. On Saturday, May 4, the company was again called out — W. was there, and refused to answer to his name or train. On Saturday, when he was called, he went up to Capt. Sands and spoke to him in an abrupt man- ner, and about half an hour after abused the Captain very much, and challenged him to fight with sword and pistol. Some days before this, W. had challenged Sands, and Sands told him he ought to apply to the committee if he thought himself aggrieved. W. said he knew no committee, and would apply to a magistrate. That Capt. Sands sent W., under guard, to Queens county jail. The jailer, Hope Mills, said he was not the jailer for the Congress, and had no right to keep him ; and applied to Thomas Willets, sheriff, who directed him not to retain the prisoner without a warrant from a magistrate. W. threatens to prosecute the whole guard." The Congress ordered Capt. Sands to apprehend W., and send him to New-York with all convenient speed, to be dealt with as Congress may think proper. May 1. W. was brought under guard, and says, "on the first day he appeared without arms ; on the second, he told Capt. Sands he had no right to call on him under arms ; on the third, he had determined not to insult Sands in the ex- 58 RISE AND PROGRESS OF ecution of his office, but Sands affronted him by calling him a fellow. That in the interval, he had called on Sands for satisfaction, who told- him he should have it. He thought Sands' answer entitled him to propose a sword and a small thing that would speak. That he had no arms when Col. Heard called on him ; told Heard he voted against deputies. Is willing to bear arms, if it is the opinion of this Congress." It was moved that W. be committed to Queens county- jail. Debates arose, and it was carried, 10 to 7. A warrant was made out, and the jailer was ordered to keep W. safely in the common jail, at his own expense, till the further order of Congress. Having petitioned, and made submission for his past of- fences, W. was discharged, June 11. 52. A Training List of the Officers and Men in the Dis- trict of Cow Neck, Great Neck, tyc. : Capt. John Sands, 1st Lt. Thomas Mitchell, 2d Lt. Aspinwall Cornwell, Ensign Andrew Onderdonk, Richard Manee, Sergeant. Wm. Hutchings, " Joseph Akerly, " W. Hicks, Steph. Coles, Peter Lombarde, Daniel Mudge, Daniel Ireland, Charles Loosley, sick. W. Fowler, Thos. Elms, no arms. W. Valentine, Gab. Lawrence, Jacob Bumstead, Joshua Willis, W. Ryan— 20. John Rogers, John Law, David Doty, John Scultop, Caleb Kirby, Wilson Williams, Jona. Mott — 10. Henry Onderdonk, jr Edward Penny, jr. Thomas Appleby, jr. Daniel Shaffer, no arms, James Harris, Robert Wilson, Joseph Sniffm, W. Dodge— 40. Henry Craft, Hend'k Vanderbelt, Caleb Cornwell, Hosea Hauxhurst, Corporal. Austin Mitchell, " And'w Onderdonk, " Jona. Hutchings, " Stephen Cornwell, Clerk. Music, John Whaley, Drummer, Charles Stubbs, Fif r, " Gregory Ritchie, Hautboy, Elbert Hegeman, Ne'bry. Davenport — 30. John Burtis, jr. John Hutchings, Stephen Hutchings, Israel Rogers,* Benj Sands, John Kissam,* Daniel Kissam, Elbert Hyman, Andrew Hegeman,t Daniel Rapelyee, THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 59 Ed. Thorne, Peter Dodge, Ed. Sands, John Stocker, Seaman Weeks, Samuel Barker, Thomas Carpenter, W. Danford, Ed. Hicks— 50. Stephen Thorne, jr. Philip Thorne, Richard Thorne, Christopher Hertang, Jona. Sniffin, Hewlett Cornwell, Lewis Cornwell, Samuel Cornwell, Samuel Jacobs, Benj. Sands — 60. Henry Sands, Edwin Sands, Lawrence Marstin, W. Baker, Thomas Francis, John Keys, W. Baker, John Thompson, Denton Duzenbury, John Mitchell, Benj. Kissam, W. Drawer, W. Doty, Nath'l Smith, Reuben Rogers — 80 Samuel Clayton, W. Hutchings, W. Akerly, Joseph Thorne, Solomon Southard,t John Sterkings, Amos Thorne, Thomas Thorne, t Richard Thorne ,t John Burtis — 90. James Burr, Thomas Woolly, W. Smith, Thomas Shreaves, Geo. Rapelyee, Daniel Brinckerhoff, Hend'k Brinckerhoff, Joseph Waldron,* John Gilbert, John Searing — 100. Joseph Dodge,t no arms,Stephen Hicks, R.Suttont — 70, no arms Oliver Lawrence, John Bashford, David David, Jacob Jacobs, John Thorne, Israel Baxter, John Allen, Adam Mott * Stephen Mott * John Mott,* Robert Mitchell, Charles Cornwell, * Not appeared. List of Quakers. Israel Pearsall,* John Allen, James Mott, Samuel Mott, Henry Mott, James Allen, John Vallance, Henry Allen, George Hewlett, Philip Woolly,* Samuel Woolly t— 110. Laurence Hewlett, John Tredwell, Daniel Kissam,t John Pearson, John Morrell,jr. Thomas Smith,t W. Smith, Henry Hauxhurst, Peter Monfort— 120 Elijah Allen, Samuel Hutchings,t W. Thorne, Richard Thorne, jr. Samuel Hicks, Charles Hicks, John Clement, George Cornwell, Sam'l Mott Cornwell, Sam'l Tredwell, Gilbert Cornwell— 130. Robert Peter,t Richard Valentine, John Frits, Joseph Kissam, t Abm. Brass * Nathaniel Brass — 135 Richard Sands, Obadiah Demilt, Richard Kirk, James Mitchell, t Erased. 60 EISE AND PROGRESS OF 53. May 10. Charles Friend, button maker, of West- bury, appeared before Congress, and gave information of the existence of a gang of counterfeiters of the continental cur- rency, at the house of one Youngs, at Cold Spring. Capt. Wool was sent to apprehend them. He reached the house at day-break, set a guard around it, and after searching under the bed, in a secret closet, and in a very concealed garret, he found engraving tools, copperplates, a printing press, four kinds of ink, note paper, and £30 12s. in cash. All was put in a wagon, and conveyed with the prisoners to the city. Congress, considering the fidelity and poverty of Charles Friend, paid all his expenses, and gave him a reward of $20. 54. May 10. Ordered, That Mr. Tredwell, of Suffolk, draft a letter to Queens county committee, recommending them to form and regulate the militia without delay. Memorandum of the Militia Companies in Queens County, 1776. Col. John Sands, Commission dated June 10,1776. Lt. Col. Benj. Birdsall, do. do. Major Richard Thome, do. do. Major John Hendrickson, do. do. South Hempstead. Foster's Meadow Company, 98 men ; officers, none. Far Rockaway Company, 90 men ; Peter Smith, Captain ; Benjamin Cornell, Lieutenant. South Hempstead Company, 110 men ; officers, none. Jerusalem Company, 85 men; Richard Jackson, Captain; Zebn. y" Seaman, Lieutenant. Oyster Bay. Moscheto Cove Company, 90 men ; Daniel Cock, Captain ; Lattin, Lieutenant. Wolver Hollow Company, 80 men ; David Laton, Captain ; Rem Hegeman, Lieutenant ; John Schenck, 2d Lieutenant. Oyster Bay Company, 140 men ; John W. Seaman, Captain ; Peter Hegeman, Lieutenant; John Townsend,2d Lieutenant. East Wood's Company, 85 men ; Person Brush, Lieutenant ; Gabriel Duryea, Ensign. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 61 North He?npstead. North Side Company, 120 men ; Philip Valentine, Captain ; Coe Searing, 2d Lieutenant. Cow and Great Neck Company, 130 men ; Andrew Onderdonk, Ensign. Total, 1028 men. A Return of the number of men in Queens County, subject to bear arms in the different Compani Capt. John Skidmore's Company of Minute men, Ephraim Bayles, Abraham Remsen, Jonathan Lawrence, Abraham Ditmis, Richard Lawrence, (Light Horse,) Nathaniel Tom, Robert Coles, Col. John Sands' Company, Capt. John Williams Seaman, . David Laton, Daniel V. Nostrand, Peter Nostrand, Philip Valentine, 53 98 86 107 78 44 160— 626 99 142 130 88 108 470 107—1144 1770 Eastern parish, 112 men. We are to appear at the house of Samuel Nichols on Wednesday, 19th June, at 10 o'clock, forenoon, 1776. An imperfect List of Officers of Militia Companies in Queens County, besides those elsewhere noticed. Flushing. June 19/76. May 20, '75. 1st Lieut. John Roberts. Capt. Nathaniel Tom. 2d Lieut. Oliver Thorne.* 1st Lieut. Matthias Van Dyck. Ensign Isaac Hicks. 2d Lieut. Jeffrey Hicks. Ensign Nich.Van Dyck. * In room of Jef. Hicks, entered Continental service. Newtown. — South Beat. April 17, 1776. Capt. Abm. Remsen. 1st Lieut. Benj. Coe. 2d Lieut. Robt. Furman. Ensign Benj. North. June, '76. Capt. Benj. Coe. 1st Lieut. Robt. Furman. 2d Lieut. Benj. North. Ensign Jonah Hallet. 62 RISE AND PROGRESS OF North Beat. Capt. Jona. Lawrence* 1st Lieut. Wm. Sackett. 2d Lieut. Wm. Lawrence. t Ensign Jesse Warner. Horse. Jug. 21, '76. Capt. Rich. Lawrence. Capt. Dan. Lawrence. t 1st Lieut. Daniel Lawrence. 1st Lieut. Saml. Riker. 2d Lieut. Samuel Riker. 2d Lieut. Jona. Lawrence. Cornet Jona. Coe. Cornet Thos. Betts. Quarter Master Peter Rapelye. Capt. Abm. Riker, July, 1776. * Chosen Major, August 10, '76. t Chosen Captain, August 10, '76. t In place of Richard Lawrence, resigned from infirmity. Jamaica. — July 26, '76. Capt. Wm. Ludlum* 2d Lieut. Nich. Everitt. 1st. Lieut. Jacob Wright. Ensign Ephraim Marston.t * In place of John J. Skidmore, promoted to a Majority. t Killed by Indians at Minisinka — See monument at Goshen. Musquito Cove. — June 15, 76. Capt. Daniel Cock. 2d Lient. Wm. Frost. 1st Lieut. Robert Cole.* Ensign Wright Craft. * " Stout, handsome young fellow." — Scott. Oyster Bay.— July 22, '76. Capt. Daniel Nostrand. 1st Lieut. Jacob Totten. July 29, '76. Capt. Samuel Green.* 2d Lieut. Peter Thomas. 1st Lieut. Thos. Ellison. Ensign Solomon Seaman. July 13, '76. Capt. Richard Jackson. t 2d Lieut. John Lewis. — 1st Lieut. Zebulon Seaman. Ensign Smith Brush. * Late Capt. Carman's company. t Late Capt. John Birdsall's company. 55. Congress ordered that all able bodied men, between sixteen and fifty, who had left the city, return with arms and accoutrements, as by their absence its strength and power of defence was weakened. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 03 56. In Committee, Jamaica, Mya 15, } 76 : Resolved, That no person be permitted to move into this township from the date hereof, unless he produces a certificate from the committee where he resided, that he has in all things behaved as a friend to the cause of American freedom. And whereas, sundry persons, in passing and repassing through this town, have given just cause of suspicion that they are employed in aiding and assisting the unnatural enemies of America: Therefore, Resolved and Ordered, That all such persons "passing through this township, be taken up for examination. By order of the Committee, ELIAS BAYLES, Chairman. [The Flushing committee was not idle either: for after Washington reached New- York, there was talk of leaving out the prayers for the King, when the Rev. C. Inglis, of Trinity Church, found it necessary to retire to Flushing ; but he had no sooner reached there, than the committee met and entered into a debate about seizing him. This obliged him to shift his quarters and keep himself as private as possible till Aug. 27. — Ed.] 57. John Livingston, Jr., had a furlough for eight days' absence, but on being questioned by the Jamaica committee, he refused either to show his furlough or return to New- York. He, with his barber, was seized by Capt. Baylis, of the minute men, who delivered him with the following letter, to Lieut. Col. Comwell,* who was returning to New- York from an excursion to Hempstead, by order of Gen. Putnam. In Committee for the District of Jamaica, } May 31, 1776. $ Gentlemen : In consequence of a resolve of the Provincial Congress respecting the returning of the inhabitants of the city of New- York, who left the same since the first of June last, this committee gave personal notice to all such persons as had moved into this district, requesting them to comply with the said resolve, limiting them to what this committee thought a reasonable time ; and as many of them, at the expiration of the time limited, had not satisfied this committee in their leave of absence from the said city, therefore we send such of those 64 RISE AND PROGRESS OF persons down to the city as we can get, the others keeping themselves concealed. But before this method was taken, public notice was again given, by advertisement, requesting them to satisfy this committee of the reasons of their non-com- pliance — which they have not done. By order of the Committee, ELIAS BAYLES, Chairman. P. S. The committee are of opinion that John Livingston, Jr., ought to be kept in custody till he produce one Smith, his hostler, who is kept secreted by Livingston's family. [The Congress did not tamely pass over this insult to the Jamaica committee, but resolved that John Livingston, jr. had treated the Jamaica committee with contempt, and that they did right in sending him down, and that he ought humbly to ask pardon. On his declining, he was sent to jail. — Ed.] * There was a Lieut. Col. Cornwell in the Rhode Island Regiment at Brooklyn. 58. May 28. Congress are informed that Capt. Baylis' company of militia and some of the minute men in Jamaica, stand in great need of gunpowder. Ordered, That 100 pounds be delivered to Capt. Baylis and his receipt taken : and that the committee distribute the powder to those well affected to the American cause. 59. Capt. Abm. Remsen brought before the Congress J. M., Jr., charged by the committee of Newtown (on complaint of Waters Smith and Capt. Nathaniel Woodward), with offer- ing a fresh insult to the United Colonies, in allowing a large flag, in imitation of a King's standard, to be hoisted on his ground. Moore's excuse was that the school boys had done it, and that as children put up the colors, he did not think men would notice it. Being asked if he would defend the colonies by force of arms, he said he did not choose to fight if he could avoid it, and would avoid it as long as he could. Ordered, That J. M., Jr., be kept a prisoner on parole, and attend the City Hall from day to day. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 65 60. June 5. " Whereas a hostile armament is expected here, " Resolved, That the following persons in Queens county, (9 names omitted,) whose conduct is inimical to the cause and rights of America, and who if summoned, would not appear, be arrested ; and that the following persons (3 names omitted) be summoned, and in default of their appearance, be also ar- rested. " Whereas the following persons (26 names ommitted) in Queens county, holding offices from the King of Great Bri- tain, and refusing to associate with their fellow-citizens in defence of their common rights, have been considered in a suspicious light. " Resolved, That they be required to appear before a com- mittee, by arrest or summons, to show cause why they should be considered friends to the American cause." [Some of the above not being able to give a satisfactory account of their conduct, were sent to the jails of Connecti- cut, others gave bonds and were paroled.* — Ed.] " *Capt. A. Hamilton, attending on the summons returnable here this day, was called in. The Chairman informed him of the resolutions of Congress relative to persons of equivocal character, and that it is highly necessary in these times of trouble to know who are our friends, and who foes. " Mr. Hamilton says, ' He has fought and bled and been in irons for America, that it is the country of his choice and affection, that he wishes America to be happy and free, that no promise or reward would tempt him to oppose America, that he has refused offers of preferment, and holds no office, half-pay or place of honor or profit under the King of Great Britain, and desires none. But that he cannot unsheath his sword against his King, his brother and other near relations, who fight in his armies.' " Capt. H. being asked whether it his opinion that the people of Great Britain have a right to bind, at their discretion, the people of the United Colonies, in all cases whatever? Answered, That he is not sufficiently acquainted with the merits of the case to answer that question ; that if he had one hundred hearts he would lose them all rather than lose his lib- erty ; that he wishes America to be happy and free, and is ready to bind 66 RISE AND PROGRESS OF himself by his parole not to take any part against America, or any mea- sure of the colonies for her defence, either by thought, word or deed.' " Capt. Hamilton withdrew. First question then put by the Chairman was, Whether Capt. H. is such a friend as described by the representa- tives of the Congress of this colony ? Agreed unanimously in the nega- tive. Second question was then put, Whether it is necessary to remove Capt. H. from his present place of residence ? Agreed unanimously in the negative. Third question was then put, Whether Capt. H.'s parole is sufficient security ? Agreed unanimously in the affirmative. " Capt. H. was then called in, and signed the following parole of honor : " Neiv- York, June 24, 1776. " I, Archibald Hamilton, Esq., do declare upon my honor, that I will not, directly or indirectly, oppose or contravene the measures of the Con- tinental Congress, or of the Congress of this colony. « ARCHIBALD HAxMILTON." Protection of Stephen Martin, June 26, '76. In special committee of Congress : Whereas Stephen Martin, of Far Rockaway, physician, has given (Feb. 17, last) a bond to behave himself peaceably and make no opposi- tion to the measures of the Continental Congress, or the Congress of this colony, or to instigate others so to do ; and hath this day given his parole that he will not directly or indirectly oppose or contravene the measures of the Continental Congress, or of the Congress of this colony ; it is there- fore hereby recommended to all friends of the United Colonies and all others, not to molest said Stephen Martin, while he continues to fulfil the conditions of his said bond, and observe and keep his parole of honor. 61. Juneb. The Queens county committee solicited from Congress a loan of £100 — granted. Information also re- ceived that Capt. John Sands has 150 men in his district, but that they are in general destitute of powder. Ordered, that the commissary deliver 100 pounds to Oliver Thorne, to be conveyed to Queens county committee. 62. June 9, 1776. The levies from Queens county were ordered to march, June 19, to reinforce the army in New- York. The detachment of (Queens formed part of the 2nd battalion for the city and county of New-York, consisting of two captains, three 1st lieutenants, two 2nd lieutenants, THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 67 appointed from Queens county, and 175 privates, including sergeants and corporals, at the rate of three of each to every 75 men. John Morin Scott* appointed brigadier general of the forces to reinforce the Continental army at New-York. * Sept. 16, 1784. Died — Hon. J. M. Scott, Secretary of State, mem- ber of the Continental Congress, and member of the State Senate. During the war, brigadier general of the militia, and very eminent as a lawyer. He was a king's justice in 1766, and had a country seat at Greenwich. New- York, June 11, 1776. Sir : From the inclosed you will see that you, in con- junction with the committee of your county, are to select volun- teers or drafted men of the militia, to make a part of the 3000 militia of this colony destined to reinforce the Continental army at New- York, the command of which I am honored with. * * * As it would tend much to our disgrace, should our brethren of the neighboring colonies be more expeditious in their levies and marches than ourselves, and that when the object is the defence of our own colony, I need assign no other argument to urge you to the utmost dispatch. The enemy is hourly expected. The occasion is pressing, and will admit of no delay. Your detachment must come well armed and accoutred, with their cartouch boxes filled with loaded cart- ridges. Their pay will commence from the day of their march : and for their subsistence on the march they are to be allowed one penny, lawful money, per mile, at twenty miles per day, coming to and returning from New-York. Their pay is 5s. 4d. per month. Your detachment is to begin its march on the 17th Lost, at latest, and as much sooner as possible. Be pleased to take care that the commanding officer of your detachment comes provided with a proper roll or return, to be delivered to me. I am your humble servant, JNO. MORIN SCOTT. To Col. Sands. [All stragglers were apprehended. Hence the bearer of these letters had a pass, endorsed on them as follows : 68 RISE AND PROGRESS OF " On the service of the United Colonies. " U° Please let the bearer hereof, who is an express sent by me on Continental service, pass without interruption " JNO. MORIN SCOTT, Brig. Gen'V—Ed.] To the Commanding Officer of the Militia and to the Committee of the County of Queens. Per Express. New-York, June 13, 1776. Gentlemen : If there was reason to urge your brigade to a dispatchful discharge of the duty imposed on them, and described in the letter I lately sent by express, there will appear from a perusal of the inclosed papers most abundant reason to increase that dispatch. I therefore earnestly beseech you, by the honor of the colony and by that zealous attach- ment which the brave and free ought ever to demonstrate for the defence of the capital of an insulted colony, that your militia detachments, regardless of the day to which the last dispatches permitted them to retard their march, may hasten to New- York with that alacrity which will convince their American brethren, that they scorn to take advantage of any indulgence which former circumstances induced the equity of the Congress to grant them. Let them fly, for God's sake, to enable us to make that defence which every friend to liberty ought to think himself happy in contributing to at the expense of the last drop of his blood. I am, gentlemen, with respect, Your very humble servant, JNO. MORIN SCOTT, Brig. Gen. 63. Such of the militia of Queens county as were loy- alists, or from prudential considerations wished to remain neutral, refused to train, and secreted themselves. Many repaired to the recesses of swamps. Several expeditions were set on foot to drive them thence, as appears by the following orders. Queens County, June 19, 1776. To Mr. Tho's Mitchell, Lt— You are hereby required to march your company into Capt. Peter Nostrand's district, and divide them into as many parts as THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 69 you may think proper, for the purpose of aiding and assisting him to bring forthwith 283 defaulting persons belonging to that company, or such of them as you can find, and forthwith send or bring them to Samuel Nicolls', and there safely secure them until further orders.* Given under my hand and seal. JOHN SANDS, Col. * Capt. Daniel Nostrand received like orders to march into Lt. Robt. Coles' district, and apprehend 63 defaulters ; Capt. Philip Valentine to march into Capt. Seaman's district, and apprehend 70 defaulters ; Lieut. Robt. Coles to march into Capt. D. Laton's district, and apprehend 16 defaulters. 64. June 21, 1776. Information respecting Charles Arden, &c, at Jamaica. — (Witnesses indicated by a *.) Doct. Chefs Arden was the person who instigated the tories to sign against having a Congress or a Committee. *Benj.. Smith, (son of Sam'l Smith, Esq.) *Robt. Hinchman. *Thomas Smith, (son of Thomas,) whom he threatened to hang if he would not sign a paper. *Isaac Lefferts — bought widow Betts' farm. He wrote the affidavit of Roelof Duryea about Parson Keteltas, and carried Justice French to Duryea's for that purpose. Capt. Benj. Whithead, late supervisor, repeatedly refused to communicate to the town of Jamaica certain letters from the general committee of New-York, requesting the town to be called together to elect members of a committee or Congress. *Waters Smith, or either of the persons above named, or Capt. Jacob Wright. Alexander Wallace — resides at Jamaica, in Waters Smith's house. Dethune. — He maintains an intimacy with Benjamin Whithead and Dr. Arden. (See 30.) Martin, from Antigua, dwells in Ob. Mills' House, opposite the meeting house, at a high rent. He associates chiefly with J D . (See 60.) Charles McEvers — resides in John Troup's house, 4* 70 RISE AND PROGRESS OF Thomas and Fleming Colgan frequently go to Creed's Hill to look out. That two Dunbar 8, John Livingston, Jr., and one of the Colgans, were there lately looking out for a fleet. That the Dunbars, John and William, shut themselves up and refused to train or pay their fines. Geo. Folliot — lives with Jaques Johnson, at Fresh Meadows, about one and a half miles from Jamaica. Theophilact Bache, of Flatbush — comes to Jamaica to Alex- ander Wallace's. J D lives next to Wm. Betts. (His son has been pursued several times, but can't be taken.) He is said to be a dangerous Tory. 65. Stephen Rider, with some Jamaica minute-men, went to Hempstead to hunt defaulters. A party of nine were in two sedge- bo?j.ts concealed in the swamp at the head of De- mott's (now DoVlon's) mill pond. (On the approach of these hunting parties, it was usual for the miller to hang out a white cloth as a signal, when the defaulters would retire to their huts on the little islands in the swamp. Their pur- suers would sometimes fire a few random shot in the bushes to scare them out, and then go off.) On this occasion Rider climbed an oak to reconnoitre, when a ball whistled by his head. He saw by the smoke whence it came. A loaded gun was handed him, which he fired. The ball passed through the body of George Smith, just below the shoulder- blade, as he was leaning over the side of his boat to get out. Drs. Searing and Seabury dressed the wound, sucked out the blood with a tube, and inserted a tent before and behind, the blood oozing out at every breath ; but as Smith was vigorous and only eighteen years old, he soon recovered.* After the British got possession of Long Island, Rider was arrested and thrown in the provost, where he suffered great hardships, and after a confinement of a year, a month and a day, and the payment of a heavy fine, was set free. *June 22, 1776. Examinations relative to the wounding of George Smith. Joseph Smith says — " Last night he and brother Daniel Smith, Rich- THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 71 ard Smith and Benjamin Pettit, went to the head of the mill pond and remained there in a house till this morning, when the fray happened. They went there to prevent their being taken. There was one more boat in company with them, which belongs to Anthony Demott, with three persons in it. The persons in the other boat had more than one gun to his knowledge. Tne first gun fired, he believes, was to bring them to. He was along with one of the men in the other boat, and see him fire at the persons [minute men] in pursuit. Last night the persons in the other boat declared that they would not be taken ; and some of them said they would shoot the first man who would take them. Anthony Demott was in the other boat." Benj. Pettit says — " The night before last he went to the head of the mill pond with some strangers, and was there ail day yesterday. Last night he staid there in a house with nine persons, viz., Anthony, Michael and David Demott, Daniel, Joseph, George and Richard Smith, and one stranger. They had five guns with them in the house. One belonged to Demott, or one of his sons ; the stranger claimed three. They all quit the house and went out in the pond this morning, some in one boat and some in the other. One stranger in the boat he was in. He did not see the person who fired first. If there was a gun fired from the pond first, he believes it must have been the stranger that fired it, for when the — " 66. In Committee, Queens County, June 24, 1776. 1. It was resolved that all persons under recognizance to Congress, taken by Col. Heard, be sent for by Congress, and be more safely secured. 2. That application be made to Congress to send 500 of the continental or provincial troops immediately into Hempstead, to put the resolves of Congress and of this committee into execution, and to be billeted on the disaffected and deserting persons, at the discretion of the officers of the 2nd regiment of Queens county. 3. That application be made to Congress to prescribe some mode to secure all persons disaffected and dangerous, as well above fifty as under, in Queens county. JOSEPH ROBINSON, Dep. CK>n. Lt. Birdsall, of 2d regiment, of Queens county, appears in Congress and says the committee of Queens have resolved to make up their drafts out of the tories in Hempstead, and want Congress to confirm it. The committee want assistance to hunt them out of the swamp. He thinks 72 RISE AND PROGRESS OF 500 men will do it in a week, but a greater number will make greater dispatch. The committee want an order to Suffolk to send back all such as flee out of Queens ; and that some officer be empowered to secure every disaffected person above fifty years of age. — June 24. WARRANT. 67. To Capt. Abeel, of Col. Lasher's battalion : Sir: Whereas, S , of the township of Hemp- stead, inn-keeper, stands charged with dangerous designs and treasonable conspiracies against the rights and liberties of America; and that for the perpetration of such wicked designs and conspiracies he hath divers cannon and other implements of war now concealed : We therefore, by virtue of the power and authority unto us given, by a resolve of the Congress of this colony, of the 20th of June inst., do authorize and require you to cause to be apprehended and secured the said S , with all his papers, and to make search for and take all cannon and other implements of war whatsoever, in his house, barn and out- houses; and that return be made to us of the manner in which this warrant shall he executed, in order that the same may be made known to the said Congress. Given under our hand, this 24th June, 1776. 68. June 28. Washington says : " I have sent a party after the disaffected, who have taken up arms on Long Island, but have not as yet been able to apprehend them, having concealed themselves in different woods and morasses." Sparks, III. 441. 69. List of prisoners sent from Hempstead by Lt. Col. Caary, of [New Haven,] to Brig. Gen. Greene, at head quarters. Long Island, June 29, 1776. J. D., J. H. — From Jamaica jail. /. C. — Received powder and absconded in the woods. A. A. — Disaffected person, taken in the woods. /. L. — Found with his gun charged. B. P. —In the swamp in the fight, and had powder from the man-of-war. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 73 E. R. — In the woods, hid. R. S— In the swamp battle, and had powder from the Asia. J. D. — A disaffected person. D. S. — In the swamp battle. E. R. — Hid in the swamp. J. B. — Same, disaffected person. N. S. — Received powder from the Asia, absconded in the woods, and appears to know much of the scheme. 1 T. W. — A d — d rascal, and the greatest Tory. W. McC, T. F., J. F, P. W., S. T — Declared they would sooner fight for the King than the Congress, and totally deny the authority of that. body. J. C. — Gun-steal er or informer, from Newport. H. D. — Said Gen. Washington was more concerned in the conspiracy than any one. List referred to the determination of Congress June 30. July 10 the prisoners petitioned for release, or to be brought before Congress to know whereof they are accused, and what is expected of them to do. Say they have given no aid or information to the army or navy of the king of Great Britain. They are tradesmen and farmers, and in this sea- son of the year their business must greatly suffer. — Jour., Vol XXXIII, 224. 70. At an election held in Queens county, June 24, as ap- pears by the certificate of the county committee, Col. Jacob Blackwell, N. Cornelius Van Wyck, F. Capt. Jona. Lawrence, N. Jas. Townsend, O. Waters Smith, J. Rev. Abm. Keteltas, J. Samuel Townsend, O. Benj. Sands, C. N. were elected to represent Queens county in the Provincial Congress till the 2d Tuesday in May next, with power to de- termine on the subject of creating and constituting a new form of government, to the exclusion of all foreign jurisdic- tion. 74 RISE AND PROGRESS OF 71. In Committee, District of Great Neck, Cow Neck, &c. June 25, 1776 : Gentlemen : — Whereas, a vacancy has happened in the offi- cers of the militia company of this district, by the promotion of Capt. John Sands to the rank of Colonel ; this is to certify, that the following gentlemen having signed the general Association,* and being duly elected as officers of the militia company in this district in room of those promoted, agreeable to the recommenda- tion of the Hon. Provincial Congress of this colony, we do hereby return and recommend them accordingly for their com- missions, viz. : Thomas Mitchell, Captain ; Aspinwall Cornwell, First Lieu- tenant ; Oliver Lawrence, Second Lieutenant. Signed by order of the Committee. ADRIAEN ONDERDONCK, Dep. CK>n. Attested, John Farmer,! Clerk. To the Hon. Pro. Cong. * Form of Association recommended March 27, 1776 : " We, the subscribers, inhabitants of Cow Neck, Great Neck, &c, in the county of Queens, and colony of New- York, do voluntarily and solemnly engage and associate, under all the ties held sacred among man- kind, at the risk of our lives and fortunes, to defend by arms the United American Colonies against the hostile attempts of the British fleets and armies, until the present unhappy controversy between the two countr es shall be settled." t Fie was a diminutive, hot-headed whig, who came from Boston and taught school on the lower part of Cow Neck. 72. July 1. Amos Denton and John Thurston, of the Ja- maica committee, inform Congress that Thomas Denton is chosen Second Lieutenant in Captain Abm. Ditmars' com- pany, in the 1st regiment, in Queens county, and request a commission. New-York, July 3, 1776. 73. To Col. John Sands, Esq. : Sir: — I have this day waited upon his Excellency, Gen. Washington, relating to removing the cattle, horses and sheep on the south side of Queens county, according to the resolve of THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 75 Congress and the general officers of the army. His opinion is that the commanding officers and committees of the county, order it immediately done. He farther declared that in case the Tories made any resistance, he would send a number of his men with orders to shoot all the creatures, and also those who hindered the execution of said resolve, within the limits therein prescribed. The Commissary of the army engaged to me that he would pay the full value for the fat cattle and sheep to the owners, provided they would drive them within Gen. Greene's lines, in Brookland. Proper care will be taken as to valuing said creatures. Time will not permit us to make any delay. I am, sir, your very humble servant, JEROMUS REMSEN, Jr. 74. In Committee, Queens county, July 6, 1776 : Whereas, the Provincial Congress, in a resolve of 30th June, hath recommended that all persons who have left their places of abode with a design to secrete themselves, should be apprehended and brought before the committee of the town or county : Therefore, the committee recommend it to the commanding officer of the 2d battalion of the county militia, to see said re- solve carried into execution throughout your district. By order of the committee. JOS. ROBINSON, Dep. CWn. To Col. John Sands. 75. The Congress met at the Court House, Westchester county, Tuesday, July 9th, 1776 ; Gen. Nathaniel Woodhull, President. Mr. Jay moved that, whereas, the Rev. Abm. Keteltas, one of the deputies from Queens county, has been solemnly devoted to the service of God and the cure of souls, he has good right to claim an exemption from all such employments as would divert his attention from the affairs of that Kingdom which is not of this world : Resolved, That he be at liberty to attend this house only at such times as he may think proper, — carried, 23 to 18. 76 RISE AND PROGRESS OF A letter was received from the Hon. John Hancock en- closing a copy of the Declaration of Independence ; both of which were referred to a committee, who reported the same day that, the reasons assigned by the Continental Congress for declaring the United Colonies free and independent States, were cogent and conclusive ; and that, " while we lament the cruel necessity, we approve the same ; and will, at the risk of our lives and fortunes, join with the other colo- nies in supporting it." Resolved, That the said Declaration be published by beat of drum at this place, on Thursday next, and that 500 copies, printed in handbills, be sent to the different counties of this State. [It was read at the head of each company in Queens county, and at the head of each brigade of the army stationed at New-York.*]— Ed. * Many officers and leading men now quit the American cause. 76. July 11. Lieut. W. Toogood was ordered to have all boats hauled up at Hog Island. 77. July 13. The deputies from Queens say the militia are destitute of ammunition. Congress order 10,000 cart- ridges of different sizes, filled with powder and ball, and 1000 flints, to be delivered to Capt. Jona. Lawrence, and to be charged to the county. 78. July 19. Congress voted $10 bounty to non-commis- sioned officers and privates of the militia, to be drafted in Queens county. 79. Report to the President to Congress on driving- off Stock : Sir : — I have been some days, and am still, in the execution of the order of Congress for removing the cattle, horses and sheep in this county, and expect to finish it in a day or two more. From the best computation that can be made, there are not less than 7000 horned cattle, 7000 sheep and 1000 horses in this county, comprehended in the above order, and to be re- moved in pursuance of it. A number so large, it is conceived, cannot possibly live long where they are to be driven. On the THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 77 Brushy Plains they will be entirely destitute of water, besides having other very scanty means of subsistence. By attending myself on this business, I have had an oppor- tunity of knowing the extreme distress to which the rigid exe- cution of this order must expose many people with their fami- lies ; so that some among the poorer sort, for aught I know, must be left to starve. The cattle which many people have turned off to fat for the use of their families, will be lost as to all the purposes of such provision, and their families be desti- tute of that necessary supply for winter. In several parts of the county there was last year a distemper among the horses, which swept off such numbers of them that many people have been obliged since to depend entirely upon oxen. These being now taken away, they are deprived of the only means they had of carrying on any labor upon their farms, that requires a team of horses or oxen. The consequence of which must be, that they can neither secure their present harvest, nor till the earth for a future one. I find the people in general are willing to enter into obliga- tions, that (in case of immediate danger) they will drive their stock to any place of greater safety on the island, pursuant to the direction of the Congress or county committee. And con- sidering the danger there is under the present regulation of losing a great part of the stock for want of sustenance, and the hardships to which people are reduced, I thought it might not be amiss to mention this circumstance, supposing that the Congress, in concurrence with the General, might perhaps, fall on some method, in this way, for securing the stock on an emergency, The difficulty of keeping the stock within the limits pre- scribed, will be so great that I doubt it will be out of my power to effect it. A considerable number of men will be necessary for the purpose — more than I can possibly keep on that duty, when harvest is so near at hand. In short I do not see but that for the present at least,* I shall be obliged to leave them to take their chance. I am, sir, your very humble servant, Cow Neck, July, 1776. BEN J. KISSAM.f * Aug. 16. Congress received the petition of the inhabitants of Hemp- stead relative to cattle. {MS. Jour. XLI. 323.) 78 RISE AND PROGRESS OF tDiecl Oct. 26, 1782, an eminent lawyer. John Jay was his stu- dent. 80. July 20. Congress resolved that the live stock be collected into convenient places so as to be driven when ne- cessary from the coast into the interior of the Island, and there guarded, leaving with each farmer one pair of horses, and with each large family three milch cows, two to a mid- dling, and one to a small family ; or even kill them, if ne- cessary, to prevent their falling into the enemies' hands ; that the one-fourth part of the minute-men and militia of Lone Island, be drafted immediately to carry these resolves into execution.* * The Troop of Horse of Queens county think it hard that one- fourth of their number was drafted with the foot, as they have been at the expense of equipping themselves as troopers. Referred to Gen. Wood- hull. A list of one-fourth part of Capt. ghilip Valentine's Company drafted July 25. Benj. Cornwell, Serg't.t Richard Valentine, John Carl, Peter, serv't to Griswold,Samuel Davenport, Peter Titus,* Win. Crooker, Daniel Willis, Charles Titus,* James Tobine * Austin Williams, Rich'd Townsend, Epenetus Piatt * John Searing* Lott Caiman, Uriah Piatt * Carr Hubbs, Samuel Place, Richard Seaman,t Derick Albertson * John Newbury ,t Joseph Smith. Epenetus and Uriah Piatt have each hired a man in their room, who are to be at Brookland at your quarters, Saturday, 24th. Aug. 23, 1776. PH. VALENTINE, Capt. To Col. Sands, Brookland t Answered to their names, * hired substitutes. 81. Resolved, That Josiah Smith, of Suffolk, be 1st Colonel of the troops drafted on Long Island ; Col. John Sands, 2d Col. ; Ab'm Remsen, Major ; and Lt. Col. B. Birdsall, be Captain. White Plains, July 20, 1776. 82. Sir : — I have received orders from Congress to give orders to all the commanding officers of my brigade, to hold THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 79 themselves in readiness. Sir, you are therefore directed to keep the regiment under your command in readiness to march at the shortest notice, with five days' provisions, to any part of Long Island where you shall be directed for the defence of the same. I am, sir, your humble servant, NATH'L WOODHULL, Brig. Gen. To Col. Sands. White Plains, July 20, 1776. Sir: — I am directed by the Convention to enclose to you their resolves for drafting one-quarter part of the militia of Suf- folk, Glueens and Kings counties, for the purpose of defending and protecting the inhabitants and stock of the same. I doubt not but your zeal and patriotism will prompt you to exert every nerve on this arduous and important occasion, And am, sir, your most obedient servant, NATH'L WOODHULL, PresH. To Col. John Sands. 83. Recruiting commmenced July 23, (see pay rolls 103.) Col. Sands had his quarters at Nath'l Seaman's, Westbury. The recruits were ordered out to guard the coast, and were exercised four hours per day. 810 bounty to volunteers.* * John Sands received from the Convention £617 14s. Sd., for payment of one-half bounty of the men [309?] who passed muster and were drafted in Queens county, July 23, 1776. Ab'm Remsen received of John Sands £238 to pay half bounty due 129 recruits, raised out of 1st battalion in Queens county, Aug, 10, '76. Lieut Col. Birdsali received £34 for half bounty of 17 men, drafts. Lieut. Manee do. £40 do. 20 do. Wm. Hicks do. £20 do. 10 do. Lieut. Th. Williams, in behalf of Capt. Peter Nostrand, received $200 in part bounty of 40 drafts, Aug. 10, 1776. RECRUITS. Lieut. Eob't Coles' Company. Wm. Baker, Ab'm Morrill, John Weeks, Willet Latting, Rob't Justice, Avery Lewis, Jesse Williams, Samuel Doxy, Lewis Jones. Capt. Laton's Company. Benj. Southward, Job Halstead, Peter Luyster, Tunis Van Cott, John Covert, Isaac Bogart. Jas. Blanchfield, Peter Monfort, 80 RISE AND PROGRESS OF Capt. Seaman's Company. Joseph Cheshire, Wm. Seaman, Geo. Townsend, Henry Colley, Geo. Baker, Jeremiah Cheshire, Alex. Smith, Isaac Carpenter, Timothy Williams. Capt. Peter Nostrand's Company. John Key, Jas. Lockran, Duncan Campbell, Edward Berry, Gilbert Angevine, Joshua Keteham, John Langdon, Nich. Lawrence, Rob't Mackaroy. Jas. Bentley, Mulatto John, Capt. Philip Valentine's Company. Zophar Nichols, Ephraim Seamans, Maurice Hearen, Tho's Seaman, Caleb Seamans, Jas. Linchan. James Shero, James Ward, In Committee, Queens County, July 24, 1776. 84. Gentlemen : — This county being under a necessity of an immediate sum of money for defraying the necessary ex- penses of the county, we desire that you will make application to Congress for the sum of £400, and transmit the same to Jo- seph Robinson, Esq., who is chosen our treasurer. Signed by order of the Committee. GEO. TOWNSEND, CWn. Attested, Jeromus Remsen, Jr., Clerk. To Col. Blackwell, &c. [Granted. — Ed.] July 22. $2,000 was paid Mr. Townsend for Queens county. 85. July 2G. A letter from Joseph Robinson and Noah Smith of the Jamaica committee, informs Congress that Wm. Ludlum, Jr., has been chosen Captain of the Minute Com- pany, in place of John J. Skidmore promoted to a majority. 86. When Howe arrived at the Hook, the disaffected from Kings and Queens took refuge on board the fleet, and supplied him with all the information he desired. July 26. Thomas Willets, Sheriff of Queens, was ap- prehended by the county committee and sent to Congress for THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 81 posting, in each town of Queens county, the Declaration of Lord and Sir William Howe.* * It granted " a free and general pardon to all those who, in the tu- mult and disorder of the times, may have deviated from their just allegi- ance, and are willing, by a speedy return to their duty, to reap the bene- fits of the royal favor." 87. Rules and Orders to Col. Birdsall. 1. You are to take command of the recruits and march to Far Rockaway, where you are to place sentinels in the most advantageous place to discover the enemy ; likewise to be very careful there is no communication by small craft from the peo- ple of that place on board of the ships of war. Should you dis- cover any persons attempting the same, you are to put them under guard. 2. You are to build you a shelter, if there is none conven- ient where you are stationed. Charge your men that they insult nor abuse any of the inhabitants or destroy their effects. 3. Should you discover the enemy attempting to land, you are to send off an express to me immediately, and order the owners of the stock to have them driven off with all dispatch upon the Plains. 4. Should any of your men disobey orders, steal, or abuse any of the inhabitants, you are to put them under guard. 5. You are to minute down daily what happens, and make a return, once in every three days, at Head Quarters, Westbury. JOHN SANDS. Colonel. July 25, 1776. Oyster Bay South, July 27, 1776. 88. Sir : — By direct information from Joshua Ketchum, one of the committee of Huntington, there are thirty or forty Tories in Massapequa Swamp.* I have agreed to meet Huntington Tuesday morning next, at 8 o'clock. They are to join us with 200 men. Accordingly, I have given orders to the several of- ficers to meet and join with Huntington with 200 men, which will be 400 men to drive the swamp f and take these deserting armed Tories. I have meant not to interfere with your orders. If I have any ways, be so kind as to right it. I am obliged to attend at Hempstead Monday next, for those two companies to 82 RISE AND PROGRESS OF choose their officers. Pray, stay until I come, as I will hurry and come over to Nathaniel Seaman's, Westbury, to see you. I hope you will on Tuesday go with us. From your humble servant, BENJ. BIRDSALL, Lt. Col. To Col. John Sands. * After the defeat at Brooklyn, it is said, these loyalists came out, and pulling off their hats, huzzaed for King George. 89. Rules and orders for Lieut. Jotham Townsend, July 29 : 1. You are to take command of the recruits and march them down to Matinecock Point, where you are to place sentinels in the most advantageous places to discover the enemy, likewise to be very careful there is no communication to the ships of war. Should you discover any persons attempting it, you are to put them under guard. 2. You are to build you a shelter, if there be none con- venient. Should you want any materials, take such as w T ill answer your purpose best. 3. Charge your men that they insult nor abuse any of the inhabitants, or destroy their effects. 4. Should you discover the enemy attempting to land, you are to send off express to me, and order the owners of stock to drive them off with all expedition on the Great Plains. 5. Should any of your men disobey orders, steal, or abuse the inhabitants, you are to put them under guard. 6. Minute down daily what happens, and make a return Saturday next by 10 o'clock, at my house. JNO. SANDS, Col Westbury, July 29, 1776. Additional Orders, August 3. Should you discover the enemy in sight, you are to imme- diately hoist your signal, then send off your express. You are not to suffer your men to play at cards, dice, or any unlawful game, nor intoxicate themselves with strong drink. You are to observe that no small craft passes and repasses, having any transient persons or negroes on board. Should you discover any, you are to take them up. U upon examina- the bevolut: ::rit. S3 tion f "/.em clear, discharge them,: if guilty, put them under guard till discharged by the town commir You are not to let your men waste their cartridges by firing wantonly at game. You are to k :ur men four fa even* day. Richard Mante. you are ordered to take your re- cruits to the bottom of Cow Xeck. and then apply to Simon Sands, who is to reconnoitre, and choose a place for you to be stationed at. where you are to build a and place one sentinel where he will have most prospect of the Sound — the sentry to be relieved once even* two hours : should he spy any -Is appearing to be ships of war. transports, or ten send express tc -:mon Sands. Wm. and John Cornwel- their reviewing the same, and thinking them to belong to the _- of Great Britain, you are immediately to send dm Likewise notify the inhabitants, who will drive off the which you are to see done with all dispatch possible, to the Plains. You are to make report to me on Friday next. I ; _ o'clock, what has transpired. You are not to allow any man to do any damage to the owner of the soil you are stationed on. by destroying his um- ber, fence, or grain — only what is wanted for building you a shelter. Additional O You are to ask liberty of Simon Sands for a long pole, to be set in the most convenient place to hoist a flag for a signal. You are to exercise your men four hours a day. as soon as time will permit, and make return to me by Sunday. 10 oxlock. 91. Wm. Hicks. Sergeant: You are to take your recruits to the bottom of Great Neck, to a point of land formerly called Haviland's Point, now Joseph Hewlett's, and there place one sentinel in the most convenient place to have a prospect of the Sound. Should you discover any ships of war. transports, or tenders, you are immediately to acquaint Major Rich'dThorne and John Thome. On their receiving urne, and it ap- pearing to be the enemy, you are to send express to me. and 84 RISE AND PROGRESS OF drive, or order the owners of the stock to drive them to the Plains. July 23. 92. Copy of a warrant to the Captain in the 2d Battalion : Cow Neck } July 26, 1770. You are hereby directed to take notes of all the inhabitants in your district, to the value of double their stock, as soon as possible, and make return unto me— fail not. JNO 93. Congress order Col. Smith to march with all his new levies to the west part of Nassau Island, within two miles of Gen. Greene's encampment.* Camp at Brookland : Aug. 9, ]776. Sir: Enclosed are the resolution* of the Provincial Con- oress, ordering you to join my brigade immediately. On the receipt of this, you will march the troops under your command immediately to this camp. You will make all possible expe- dition, as the enemy has embarked part, if not all, the troops on Staten island, and are making dispositions as if they in- tended to land here. You will send out scouts and parties to get intelligence. If the enemy should make their landing good on any part of the island and hear of your coming, they may send out a party to intercept your march. Keep good front, flank, and rear guards, to prevent being surprised. I am, sir. your most obedient, humble servant, NATHANIEL GREENE. Col. Josiah Smith. * Two hundred men, by express orders from Gen. Sullivan, marched down to Brooklyn from Jerusalem, when the British landed, to the tune of Yankee Doodle. — Ed. 94. Aug. 10. One-half the militia of Kings and Queens counties was ordered to march immediately to Brooklyn ; the levies from Kings and Queens to be formed into one regiment under command of Col. Jeromus Remsen, Lieut. Col. Nich. Covenhoven, Major Richard Thorne, and continue in service till September 1.* * Capt. And'w Onderdonk's company lay at Bedford, in the barn of Lambert Suydam, and marched daily to Brooklyn to throw up the forti- fications. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 85 95. Aug. 19. Washington recommends that the women, children, and infirm, be removed from the city, as their shrieks and cries, as they run about the streets, dishearten the young and inexperienced soldiers. £200 voted to Flushing for the support of the poor sent there from New- York. The committees throughout the State were enjoined to show hospitality to the fugitives. 90. Aug. 12. Capt. P. Nostrand was stationed at Far Rockaway with forty-six men, to guard the coast. There was a guard at David Mott's, and at Hog Island inlet was a guard boat. A guard was often put on board fishing boats, to prevent their giving information to the British fleet, t:> which the disaffected used to carry water, eggs, gammons, butter, and fresh provisions. A true and exact list of the men in actual service in Capt. Peter Nos- trand's Company, stationed at Far Rockaway* this day reviewed, and all found to be able and effective men. Benj. Cornwell, 1st Sergeant. Rogers Hamilton, Drummer. Martin Ryerson, 2d do. Tunis Van Colt, Fifer. Abm. Probasco, 3d do. Privates. Samuel Searing, Richard Cornwell, John Bennet, Richard Seaman, John Gibson, Daniel Luyster, William Johnson, Jacob Williams, Benj. Kirby, John Davis, John Townsend, George Monfort, Wm. Beedle, Samuel Valentine, John Probasco, John Newbury, John Wright, George Bogart, John Doxy, John Brickie, Samuel Mott, Wm. Demott, Wm. Birdsall, James Pine, Jacob Ilendrickson, Cornelius Hoogland, Andris Cashow, Simon Voorhies, Wm. Bennet, Rich'd Weeks, sick. Thomas Akerly, John Baker, Rem Ilortenburgh, Isaac Hendrickson, George Downing, Isaac Remsen — 40. Aug. 10, 1770. Received of Col. Sand.s, $ 200, part bounty of forty of Capt. Peter Nostrand's company, returned as drafts. THOS. WILLIAMS, Lieutenant. * Isaiah Doxey says the Americans had a force stationed with pitched tents, at Far Rockaway. Nelly Cornell, looking out of an upper win- 86 RISE AND PROGRESS OF dow, called to the American officer, and told him she saw u trees rising from the ocean." He looked, called another officer, and said, " that's the British fleet ; down with the tents, and let's be off to the ferry." Wagons were then impressed to convey the baggage, and all the cattle were driven off. Camp, Long Island, Aug. 19, 1776. 97. I, the subscriber, went down to Rockaway just at day- break, with my company of Light Horse, pursuant to an order from Brig. Gen. Heard, to take care of some boats. At the house of Van Brockle, I discovered a number of men issue out of the door and run, some of them partly dressed, and some in their shirts only. Immediately I ordered my men to pursue them, and presently overtook three of their number, and took them prisoners. Two of them got to the woods and hid under the bushes ; on finding them, I ordered them to sur- render. One of them did ; the other absolutely refused, al- though one of my men had his gun presented to his breast; on which my men alighted and took him. After I had taken six prisoners, I examined the beach and found a boat and four oars, and a paddle. In the boat were three sheep, four ducks, and a large bottle with water. LAMBERT SUYDAM, Captain of the Tivop. 98. Aug. 24. Congress order half the Western Regiment of Suffolk, with five days' provisions, to march into the western part of Queens, and that the officers of the militia of Queens order out the whole militia, with the troop of horse, and use all diligence to prevent the stock falling into the hands of the enemy ; that the captain of the troop of horse of Kings county join said militia ; and that the inhabitants of Queens (not of the militia) assist, when ordered. List of Field Officers — part of Suffolk and Queens. Col. Josiah Smith* Major Abm. Remsen. Lt. Col. Jno. Sands. Staff Officers. Chaplain . Surgeon . Adjt. Thos. Waterman. Surgeon's Mate Q. Master Increase Carpenter. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 87 Officers. — Xo. 1. Capt. Zeph'h Rogers. 1st Lt. Edward Tapping. 1st Sergt. Hugh Gelston. 2d do. Timothy Halsey. 3d do. David Lupton. Xo. 2. Capt. Nathan'l Piatt. 1st Lt. Sam'l Smith. 1st. Sergt. John Stratton. 2d do. John Carll. 3d do. Jesse Bunce. Xo. 3. Capt. Benj. Coe. 1st Lt. — 1st Sergt. 2d do. 3d do. Furman. Penfold. Furman. Leveridsre. Xo. 4. Capt. Peter Xostrand. 1st Lt. Thos. Williams. 1st Sergt. Benj. Cornell. 2d do. Martin Ryerson. 3d do. Abm. Probasco. Xo. Capt. - 1st Lt. 1st Sergt. — 2d do. — 3d do. — Wicks. - Brush. Ketcham. Vail. Sammis. 2d Lt. Paul Jones. 1st Corp. Jehiel Howell 2d do. Elias Pierson. 3d do. Jona. Cook. 2d Lt. Henry Scudder. 1st Corp. James Hubbs. 2d do. Jed'h Mills. 3d do. John Hart. Xo. 6. Capt. R. Manee. 1st Lt. — 1st Sergt. 2d do. 3d do. Capt. - 1st Lt. - Townsend. Burr. Roe. Hicks. Strong. - Brewster. 2dLt. 1st Corp. Gabriel Smith. 2d do. Glinworth. 3d do. Furman. 2d Lt. John Carman. 1st Corp. Rem Hardenbergh. 2d do. . 3d do. . 2dLt. "Whitman. 1st Corp. 2d do. 3d do. Resco. Coneklin. Kelsey. 2dLt. Townsend. 1st Corp. 2d do. 3d do. Mitchell. Jackson. Xo. 2dLt. Brewster. 83 RISE AND PROGRESS OF 1st Sergt. 2d do. 3d do. Woodhull. Smith. Woodhull. Capt. - 1st Lt. 1st Sergt. 2d do. 3d do. Capt. • 1st Lt. 1st Sergt. 2d do. 3d do. No. 8. - Youngs. — Robert. Beasly. King. Cornwell. No. 9. - Reeve. — Curen. Wheelock Roe. Rich'd Hubbard. Nath'l Concklin. 1st Corp. 2d do. 3d do. 2d Lt. 1st Corp, 2d do. 3d do. Hawkins. Marvin. ■ Lyons. Hicks. Backet. Lawey. Smith. 2d Lt. Benjamin. 1st Corp, 2d do. 3d do. Solomon. Havens, Wells. No. 10. Capt. — Ludlam. 1st Lt. Carpenter. 1st Sergt. Thurston. 2d do. Higbie. 3d do. 2dLt. Martin. 1st Corp. Obadiah Smith. 2d do. Noah Smith. 3d do. Capt. Birdsall. No. 11. [Broke up?] No. 12. Capt. Mulford. 1st Lt. Sayre. 1st Sergt. M. Mulford. 2d do. Pierson. 3d do. Domini. 2dLt. Hand. 1st Corp. Henry Sherrel. 2d do. Benj. Crook. 3d do. Ludlum Parsons. * Col. Hitchcock's and Col. Smith's regiment are to do duty in Gen. Nixon's brigade; Col. Van Brunt and Col. Gray, do. in Gen. Heard's brigade. 99. Aug. 25. Congress resolved, that all horses, horned cattle and sheep, south of the ridge of hills in Queens county, be removed to the east end of Hempstead Plains ; that the inhabitants remove all grain now in barns or barracks to a distance from buildings, that it may be burnt, if necessary, to THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 89 prevent its falling into the hands of the enemy: that Gen. Woodhull take post on the ridge of hills, as near the enemy as he thinks proper, to check their excursions, and should he be compelled to retreat, that he remove or destroy the stock and grain, and dismantle the mills by carrying away the upper stone. Aug. 27. Gen. Woodhull was at Jamaica with less than 100 men. He had sent off all the cattle to Hempstead Plains. In the afternoon he was in the western part of Queens, and received 100 men from Col. Potter, of Hunt- ington, 40 militia of the regiment of Queens, and 50 of the troop of Kings and Queens. All cattle south of the hills were driven east of the cross roads, and guards were set from the north road to the south side of the island to cut off the communication of the British and Tories, and keep the cattle from going back. He was within six miles of the British camp, and their light-horse had been within two miles of him.* * Win. Howard says, " The British, 3 o'clock A. M., Aug. 27, were in- fomed by their friends that the cowboys, i. e. Gen. Woodhull's party of 300 or 350 men,, were lying in Johannis Polhemus' barn, (late Luke Eldert's,) near the dividing line of Queens and Kings counties, with their cattle. The British sent a detachment of light-horse to seize them, but learning from Joseph Howard that their number was 700, (some whig having ingeniously exaggerated it,) the detachment was recalled. In conse- quence, Woodhull got off to Carpenter's inn, where, 'tis said, some of his men were seized in a barn, the rest being destroyed or fled. The next morning (it was wet and misty) Woodhull and other prisoners were brought to Howard's. His wife went out to Woodhull under the shed and asked him if he would have some refreshments. She then gave him some bread and butter and smoked beef and wine sangaree. His head was tied up, and he had other wounds. She also treated the American prisoners. Woodhull was first taken to Brooklyn church (that stood in the middle of the street), thence to New Utrecht." 100. Aug. 28. Dr. Riker informs Maj. Lawrence that a number of scattering troops had posted themselves on the ridge of hills between Newtown and Jamaica : that they had 00 RISE AND PROGRESS OF been in many houses : had taken victuals and drink, but had not plundered, as lie understood. Woodhull writes to Congress: — " 1 must again let you know my situation : I have about 70 men and 20 of the troop, which is all the force I have or can expect, and J am daily growing less in number; the people are so alarmed in Suffolk that they will not any more of them march, and as to Col. Smith's and Remsen's regiments, they canhol join me, for the communication is cut oft' between us. 1 have sent about 1100 cattle to the great fields on the plains yesterday, and about 300 more arc gone off this morning to the same place, and I have ordered a guard of an officer and seven privates. They can get no water in these fields. My men and horses are worn out with fatigue- The cattle arc not all gone off toward Hempstead: I ordered them yesterday, but they were not able to take them along. I brought yesterday about 300 from Newtown. I think the cattle in as much danger on the north as on the south side, and have ordered the inhab- itants to remove them, if you cannot send me an immediate reinforcement." 'The Congress ordered that Mr. ITobart and Mr. James Townsend be a committee to repair to Gen. Woodhull and assist him with their advice, and that they cause all such stock and grain in Queens and the western part of Suffolk as may he in danger of falling into the ninny's hands to be destroyed ; and that said committee be empowered to impress horses, persons and boats to convey themselves to Gen. Woodhull with the utmost dispatch. 101. Congress had sent, Aug. k 2(>, a letter to the several towns in Connecticut, requesting their assistance in removing from Long Island the stock, "which amounted to between 80,000 and 100,000 head of cattle, and as many sheep : and to lend their aid to such of the inhabitants as may wish to remove." Aug. 20. Mr. Van Wyck, from Flushing, reports that the enemy's ships lie between Thome's (since Wilkins') THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 91 Point and Great Neck;* and that troops for the aid of Wood- hull may safely pass this evening from New-York to Jamaica, by way of Flushing. Samuel Townsend was sent to Gen. Woodhull to inform him of the proceedings of Congress on the subject of his letters, and that Col. Smith's and Rcmscn's regiments were shut up in the lines and could not be sent him. * The cattle were all driven oft" Great Neck. Aug. 2G the enemy's vessels Halifax, La Brim and Niger sailed round Montauk, plundered Hart and City Islands, and got twelve or fourteen head <>f cattle, besides sheep, ducks, &c. Several persons came on hoard from Long Island. Two vessels, one the Bloom, lay under Long Island shore, August 28, opposite Frog's Point. Two of Henry Allen's negroes were on board 102. Col. Smith informs Congress that Washington has ordered his regiment to withdraw from Long Island. Resolved, That Samuel Townsend and Maj. Lawrence attend the regiment, supply it with provisions, impress horses, wagons or boats to transport said regiment from Long Island. X100 voted for that purpose. Col. Smith's regiment ordered to lloorn's Hook, there to receive further orders from Samuel Townsend and Major Lawrence. Col. Remsen followed the Convention from Harlem to Philipse's Manor, and requested to know what disposition to make of his regiment, when it was recommended that the militia be formed into companies, with a bounty of JC4 to each man. Col. Remsen was authorized to grant furloughs to his militia to visit, or remove their families from Long Island — none to carry arms with them. Aug. 31. £215 12 was voted Col. Remsen for pay due his regiment. Sept. 3. The Committee of Safety, in session at Fishkill, hearing that Col. Smith's and Remsen's regiments arc dis- persed, or have been disbanded without permission of the M RISE AM' PROGRESS 01 Static resolved '• that Gen, Clinton detain as many of said levies as possible] even it' they produce passes, it being of the utmost consequence that so largo a number of nnned men should not be added to the enemy's power on Long Island, and that the committees of West Chester, Horse Neck, Stamford and Nbrwalk, diligently watch all boats passing from the Main to Long Island." Most of the militia re o rossed to Long [stand ami took [British protection, to save their property from confiscation and their families from insult. Some followed Congress to Fishkill. where we fnul Lt. Onderdonk '• in some distress : " and Capt. B. Coo "in distressed circumstances," >\ ho received £30 due him. * Coi. South retained to Long Is'.ntni. ami wu rabeeqiently tiken from his boose it Moriches, ami thrown to Provost by the British. His daughter Hannah, in her labors and rximrsions to DTOCOie his roloaso. cooght a coM that brought on a iloatnoss, tVom which she never recoverod. L03, It is not known precisely what duties the Queens county militia performed at Brooklyn, other than throwing up fortifications and standing guard at the outposts and ferries. Capt. Jacob Wright, of Jamaica, and Capt. Van Nuyse, of Kings county, formed two companies in Col. Lasher's 1st New-York battalion, in Scott's brio-ado. The Kings and Queens county militia guarded alternate days at the Plathush pass. On the day of battle Capt. Wright's men were in Cobble Hill ton. The Queens county militia often spoke of lying behind the lines when the British shot whistled over their heads. Putnam rode along the lines, and every now and then checking his horse, would say. •• Gentlemen, by your dress 1 conclude you are countrymen, and if so. are good marksmen. Now don't tire till you see the white of their eyes." As we intend to give a detailed account of the battle of Long Island in another volume, we purposely abstain from any remarks here. We annex some pay rolls of the Queens county militia. N A Pay Roll of the Officer*, rvm-cf/mmi**vmed Officer*) and. J'r of Capi fieri). ( , <><■■'. Company of Militia, in C$i. Jovak Smith? 9 Vegimewt,ia Queen* County, ttttdwed m Ltmg I tsrdtJke ntock and inhabitants. Efattegi If III ! '-' ^ «"* *? m ;. : H L 1 J. Captain. :*] I U 10 ^ . . • 1st Lieut. U « I ] 6 18 1 S 1 . • tt M j 8 rs 1 9 1 ,an, tt 44 j 6 8 ; S 8 « u tt ] 6 B th, ■< tt Tboon onfc, « " tt I '- ' 3 14 3 . M tt [ rj nit), tt u l % 7| 3 14 3 tt tt '_ ' 3 14 3 lac H u u '". xwell, « tt tt j H M tt tt - ' i : I fallet, « : July Aug 23 31 25 S 5 : Amount. tc 2 - z ■ 1 £ s. d. 1 10 6! 3 11 1 no 6! 3 11 1 110 6f 3 11 i 1 10 6* 3 11 1 1 10 6f 3 11 1 1 10 6f 3 11 1 1 10 6« 3 il 1 I 10 6! 3 11 1 1 10 6! 3 11 1 1 10 61 3 n i 1 10 6§ 3 11 1 1 10 6§ 3 11 1 110 6* 3 11 1 no ei 3 11 1 1 10 61 3 11 1 110 6! 3 11 1 1110 6§ 3 11 1 110 6! 3 11 1 110 6§ 3 11 1 no 61 3 11 1 1 10 61 3 11 1 1 in 6* 3 11 1 1 10 6§ 3 11 1 1 in 61 3 11 1 1 10 61 3 7 6 1 10 6s 3 7 6 1 10 61 3 7 6 1 10 61 3 7 6 1 10 6| 3 7 6 1 10 6| 3 7 6 1 10 6t 3 7 6 1 10 6§ 3 7 6 1 10 6§ 3 7 6 1 10 6f 3 7 6 1 10 61 3 7 6 1 10 6§ 3 7 6 1 10 6| 3 7 6 1 10 6| ,376 1 10 61 '376 96 RISE AND PROGRESS OF - "E r" « Names. Rank. J3 ^ Eh g. J3 o Q 00 • 4) X! Amount. July Aug. 8 £ s. d. Wm. Tanner, Private. 25 31 1 10 6* 3 7 6 Timothy Williams, " IC it 1 10 5J 3 7 6 Wm. Brombush, u i< ii ] 10 6| 3 7 6 Jotham Weeks, << a ii 1 10 6i 3 7 6 Solomon Wooden, ii " ii 1 10 61 3 7 6 Nicholas Bennet, «« II " 1 10 6J 3 7 6 Henry Townsend, a 11 ii ] 10 61 3 7 6 William Hall, c« l< u 1 10 6ir 3 7 6 £228 13 4 Rations for a captain, twenty- seven days, at three rations per day, 81 Rations for two lieutenants, twenty-five days, at two rations per day each, 100 Rations for twenty-seven privates, twenty-five days, at one ration per day each, 675 Rations for twenty-nine privates, twenty-seven days, at one ration per day each, 783 1639 rations at I0£d., 1 14 1 £300 7 5 I do certify upon honor, that the above is a just and true pay roll, and that the above persons have been, bona fide, in the service of the United Colonies in the several and respective stations as charged above; and that the rations there charged are justly due. Received public provisions, August 18, 1776. RICHARD MANEE, Captain. I do certify that the above is a just and true return of the pay and rations due the above company under my command. JOHN SANDS, Colonel. Examined and allowed the above account of three hundred pounds seven shillings and five pence. September 4, 1776. COMFORT SANDS. To Peter V. B. Livingston, Esq. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 97 Pay Roll of the Officers, Non-cominissioned Officers, and Privates, of Capt. Wm. Ludlum's Company of Militia, raised in Queens County, commanded by Col. Josiah Smith, stationed part of the time on the shores on the south side of Jamaica, and part of the time at Xeic- York Ferry. Aug. 31, 1776. ~ > = * 1 1 1 3 Names of officers, non-com- Z 'r m -^ m -- r. ~ e missioned officers and pri- Rank. z — * i i m - - EC £ 3 O vates. ti o --z- « * ? < July Aug. 8 £ s. d. Wm. Ludlum, Captain 25 31 8 26| 13 10 2 Increase Carpenter, 1st Lieut. « " 8 18 9 2 1 Ephraim Marston, 2d Lieut. " a - 18 9 2 1 Benj. Thurston, 1st. Sergt. « tt ~ 8 4 9 Hend'k Hendrickson, 2d Sergt. <( tt ~ 8 4 9 Obadiah Smith, Corporal a ti 8 7i 3 14 3 Noah Smith, u " " 8 71 3 14 3 Nicholas Lamberson, Drummer " " l\ 3 14 3 Bernardus Rider, Fifer * " \ l 8 7s 3 14 3 Samuel Higbie, Private ti - 1 6 6i 3 7 6 John Innes, « " * 8 61 3 7 6 Isaac Van Osdol, tt a " 1 1 8 61 3 7 6 Aaron Hendrickson, ti " " \ l \ 8 61 3 7 6 Stephen Rider, a (C " H- 8 61 3 7 6 Nehemiah Ludlum, a < ; « i - 6i 3 7 6 Nehemiah Bailey, it •' " 1 8 61 3 7 6 Wm. Stine, tt (C " 18 6§ 3 7 6 Nicholas Lamberson, ti " » 1 B 6i 3 7 6 Cornelius Creed, tt " a i e 6§ 3 7 6 Sylvester Smith, a tt » i g 61 3 7 6 Thomas Brady, " " a - 61 3 7 6 Mac Lean, M " a - 61 3 7 6 Patrick Gantley, d., John Bennet, ti " a e 61 3 7 6 Rem Remsen, ti (i " - 6§ 3 7 6 John Bishop, a a tt 8 61 3 7 6 Nicholas Wortrnan, " " <: 8 61 3 7 6 John Smith, ti " a - 6f 3 7 6 Stephen Higbie, d , Nehemiah Carpenter, " if tt 8 61 3 7 6 Henry Wiggins, • it a tt - 61 3 7 6 Nehemiah Smith, ft n it 8 6f 3 7 6 John Bailey, tt tt tt 8 6! 3 7 6 Samuel Mills, d., Lawrence Stivers, a a ft 8 61 3 7 6 Nathaniel Box, d., Peter Frederick, " it ti 8 61 3 7 6 Hend'k Hendrickson, <( a « - 61 3 7 6 Abm. Golder, " tt ft - 6f 3 7 6 98 RISE AND PROGRESS OF a > d « a* S3 U 3 IS Psg a Names, Rank. a n £.22 * a. c o DO ;>> Q o> a bo o BO S o S < July. Aug. 8 £ s. d. 25 31 George Ennis, d., Benj. Tanner, d., Richard Betts, << k u 1 8 6| 3 7 6 Charles Smith, ti « It 1 8 6? 3 7 6 Nicholas Ludlum, d., Abm. Ditmars, u « u 1 8 61 3 7 6 £149 2 10 Rations due from July 25 to Aug. 18, 1776 : One captain, twenty-six days, three rations per day, 78 Two lieutenants, twenty-six days, two rations per day, 104 Thirty-five non-commissioned offi- cers and privates, twenty-six days, 910 1092 rations, at 10£d-, 47 15 6 £196 18 4 A Pay Roll of Lt. Jno. Robert's Company of Militia, raised at Flush- ing, in Queens County, belonging to Col. Josiah Smith's Regiment, stationed on Long Island, [at Far Rock aw ay, Aug. 9,] to protect the stock. The pay from the time of their enlistment to the 31st day of August, 1776, both days included. Names. Rank. a bo to m 00 M fa-~ a %° S o ExJ s tt Qk d < July Aug. $ je s. d. John Robert, 1st Lieut. 27 31 1 6 8 8 12 9i Isaac Hicks, 2d " 1 6 8 8 12 9£ Joseph Beesley, Serjt. 1 6 8 3 16 9* Lewis Cornwell, « 1 6 8 3 16 9i William Lowree, Corporal 1 6 7£ 3 10 5 John Smith, a 1 6 7i 3 10 5 James Doughty, Drummer 1 6 7£ 3 10 5 THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 99 1 O Names. Rank. u o O a 1 H ■ a c V. >-> a Q an £ c 53 O s -«3 Aug. $ £ s. d. Moses Fowler, Fifer July 27 31 1 6 7^ 3 10 5 Benj. Farrington, Private t< CC 1 6 6| 3 4 John Mills, " " IC 1 6 61 3 4 John Smith, « (c a 1 6 6§ 3 4 Matthew Farrington, " Aug. 2 (i 1 CI 6§ 2 13 4 Stephen Wright, " n cc 1 u 61 2 13 4 Thomas Flower, << cc cc 1 6| 2 13 4 Oliver Thome, « Aug. 4 cc 28 6^ 2 9 10 William McDeane, « cc cc 28 61 2 9 10 John Hulsifer, a it cc 28 6! 2 9 10 James White, << (C cc 28 61 2 9 10 Malcomb McAuley, (c a cc 28 6s I 1 4 John Moore, " Aug. 20 cc 12 61 3 4 Jarvis Dobbs, << July 27. cc 1 6 6! 3 4 Jacob Manney, <( << cc 1 6 61 3 4 Thos. Talman, a f« cc 1 6 6! 3 4 Jacob Huber, K « , .c 1 6 61 3 4 John Parker, a <( cc ] 6 6§ 3 4 Jacob Griffing, « « cc 1 6 6§ 3 4 Robert Wilson, " << cc 1 6 61 3 4 Daniel Hitchcock, (C (< cc 1 6 61 3 4 Robt. Betts, a cc 1 6 61 3 4 George Miller, " " cc 1 e 6f 3 4 £102 3 4 Rations due the above company: Two lieutenants, July 27 to Aug. 31, thirty-six days, two rations per clay each, 144 Twenty-seven non-commissioned offi- cers and privates, July 27 to Aug. 16, twenty-one days, at one ration per day, is 567 711 at 10£d., 31 2 1£ £133 5 6 104. On the Americans abandoning Long Island, the King's army moved from Bedford, leaving Heister with two brigades of Hessians on the Heights, one brigade of British at Bedford, and took five positions in the neighborhood of Newtown, Bushwick, Hell-Gate, and Flushing. 100 RISE AND PROGRESS OF Gen. Robertson, while marching to the ferry, early on the morning after the retreat, August 30, was ordered to Hell-Gate to oppose Gen. Lee, reported to be landing there with an army. He came through Bedford and Cripplebush, the town spot of Newtown,* and so on to Hell-Gate,f but found no enemy there. He then took up his quarters at Wm. Lawrence's (now Whit- field's) for two weeks, and had 10,000 men encamped in tents on the hill and in Hallet's lot. * Newtown, L. 1., Aug. 31, 1776. Maj. Gen. Robertson, responsible for the actions of those he commands, takes upon himself the responsibility of satisfying the people of the village for the depredations committed last evening by part of the 1st brigade, who came for water. He hopes for the future his troops will abstain from a crime which disgraces even vic- tory, and defeats the King's intention to protect and reclaim his American subjects. t Wm. Warne, from Long Island, reports to Congress that " Suffolk county sent three hundred wagons to transport Howe's baggage and cannon towards Newtown or Hell-Gate, and that Justice Kissam was administering oaths of allegiance." [The badge of loyalty was a red cockade, a red ribbon around the hat, (the longer it streamed down behind the more loyal,)or even a red flannel rag tucked under the hat-band. — Ed.] 105. The British opened a battery on a point of land on Long Island, opposite the east end of BlackwelPs Island, which cannonaded our fort at Horn's Hook for several days, but to little purpose, we having two men killed and four wounded. The Americans returned the fire, and some of the shot fell on Wm. Lawrence's land. Gen. Johnson says : 106. "The Rose passed through Buttermilk channel, Sept.12, and anchored opposite Bushwick creek, near the shore. Next day a small breastwork was thrown up by the Americans at Brande Molen, or Burnt Mill, on Stuyvesant's Point, opposite the ship. By 5 P. M., two heavy guns were mounted, from which nineteen shots were fired, eighteen of which hulled the frigate. The first ball alone failed: it struck the railing, killing a cow just delivered on board by Jacob Polhemus, who was himself on the deck. *' The frigate returned the fire, but her shot fell short of the Point. Night coming on, the firing ceased on both sides, and THE REVOLUTIONARY SPIRIT. 101 under cover of darkness, the frigate changed her position, and anchored between Blackwell's and Long Island, under pro- tection of an intervening point of land. " On the evening of the 13th, the Phenix and Dutchess of Gordon* passed up the channel to join the Rose, followed by a great number of flat-boats for the transportation of the troops. Next morning all three frigates anchored opposite Kip's Bay, near New- York shore, and opened a fire to cover the landing. At 8 A. M. their troops embarked ; as they passed the ships the firing ceased, and the troops landed without molestation."! * " Two British ships," says Lord Howe, " passed the fire of the American batteries at New-York, September 13, and waited off Bush- wick creek, opposite Kip's Bay. Six transports went up the 14th, ap- pointed to take in a number of troops from Bushwick, for facilitating the more timely support of the 1st division embarked in flat-boats at Newtown creek." t Sept. 15. The 1st division, consisting of the light infantry, British reserve, Hessian grenadiers, and chasseurs, under Clinton, (having under him Cornwallis, Leslie, Vaughan, and Donop,) embarked at the head of Newtown creek, and landed at noon at Kip's Bay, under the fire of the British ships. 107. After Robertson left, Gen. Clark and Heister were quartered three weeks at Wm. Lawrence's. Heister had his Hessians with him, and embarked, October 12, for Frog's Point, by way of Hell-Gate, with flat-bottomed boats and other craft. Wm. Lawrence was sick. The loyalists insisted he was playing sick, and had him examined by a Hessian surgeon, who exclaimed, referring to the false charge, "How much people lie in dis country ! " Howe had his quarters at the " Big House," Rennie's, now Britanier's, where he wrote his account of the battle of Long Island. The side hill in the rear was covered with his tents. Vestiges of an encampment are yet visible. Lord Percy and Gen. Grant were also in camp at New- town, September 4. Clinton was quartered at N. Moore's, now S. Townsend's. PART II. SEIZUKE OF WHIGS. 10?. Xewtown. Jona. Coe and Hezekiah Field, two light- horse, with regimentals on, returned to White Pot, August 28. They had been driving off stock. Early next morn- ing, when starting to cross the Sound, they were seized by British light-horse from Jamaica. Lieut. Coe had thrown his epaulett in the bushes. They were carried to Flatbush jail, where Coe died of dysentery, having suffered much for want of food and necessary attendance. His body was re- fused his friends for burial. Richard Bragaw. Robert Moore. George Brinckerhoff. Abra. Devine. and Ludlum Haire. had been with Woodhull, driving off stock. After they left him, they were surprised at Hinchmams tavern. Jamaica. A British light-horse rode up, when Moore came out and received a sabre cut. which nearly severed his two fingers. The other four were taken to the prison ship, where they were urged to enlist ; but. by bribing a friend to government, were released. The Rev. Simon Horton escaped to Connecticut; D. Law- rence lived seven years at Milford; Major Remsen went to Rockland county; Col. Remsen* remained in Jersey till Ja- nuary. 1777 ; Richard Lawrence was put in the sugar house. December 12. 1776. we find Col. Blackwell and Major Jona. Lawrence, members from Queens county, offering their at- tendance in the Convention, if desired, although the county is in possession of the enemy. Col. Blackwell returned to New- town, where he died, 17S0. (See Lives of the Lawrences in Thompson, ii.) * Col. Remsen had served with credit in the old French "War, and he andDowe Ditmars, of Jamaica, were at the taking of Havana. SEIZURE OF WHIGS. 103 109. Flushing. About 2 o'clock, on a fine sunny day, on the last of August, a company of light-horse galloped into the town spot of Flushing, and inquired at widow Blood- good's for her sons. On being told they had already fled, in the frenzy of disappointment, one of them seized a fire- brand and threatened to burn the house. He was at length prevailed on to desist. Thos. Thorne. a blacksmith and innkeeper (now Hover's) was seized, and ended his days on board the prison ship. James Burling, another committeeman, and John Vander- bilt, were also carried off. but came out of prison alive. Capt. Tom. (since Redwood's.) and most of the leading whigs, had left their homes, and sought safety across the Sound. Many, however, returned and took British protection. Tom was captain in a new raised regiment at Kingston, in April. 1777. Cornelius Van Wyck, member of Provincial Congress, was kept in the New Gaol till October 25. 1776. 110. Soon after the defeat at Brooklyn, the 71st regiment of Highlanders were seen marching into Flushing, brincrin^ with them fifty or sixty cattle from Kings county. These they drove half a mile east of the village in front of Valk's, when some run among them, cutting their hamstrings, and as they dropped knocking them in the head with their hatchets ; then butchered them in the most wasteful manner, cutting out the best parts and leaving the rest — skin, horns, &c, on the ground; others got ready the cooking apparatus, the rails flew, and a fire was soon kindled under a row of camp kettles along the fence by the roadside.* * Before the battle of White Plains the 1st, 2d and 6th brigades passed through Flushing to White Stone, and October 12th crossed over to the Main. A part of these forces was lying at Jamaica, and the column, it is said, extended from Dr. Shelton's corner to Flushing village ; others came by way of the Fly from Newtown. The forces were so numerous as to occupy half a day in passing through Flushing. 111. Jamaica. August 28, a detachment of the 17th Light Dragoons entered the village amid thunder, lightning, and 104 SEIZURE OF WHIGS. a violent rain, in pursuit of Gen. Woodhull's party, who were driving off the stock. They stopped at Mrs. Cebra's, and inquired for Col. Ro- binson. The Colonel had gone off with Gen. Woodhull, but Robert Moore, of Newtown, (who had stopped in the house to keep the women company during the violent thunder shower,) came to the door. Mistaking him for the Colonel, they nearly cut off his hand with a sabre blow. On finding their prey had escaped, they hastened on eastward. Gen. Woodhull had been left at Jamaica with only ninety men. These he ordered to move on eastward, and expecting every moment an order from Congress at Harlem, he lin- gered at Jamaica till the latest moment — too late, alas ! He then slowly moved on and halted at Carpenter's inn, two miles east of Jamaica. It was in the afternoon, and he is supposed to have sought a shelter there from the rain. He had already sent off his only attendant, Col. Robinson, who went on to Huntington, crossed to Old Milford, and continued in Connecticut during the war. As the General came out of the house, took his horse from under the shed, and laid his hands on the reins, the light-horse (guided, it is said, by one Smith, John Livinsgton's ostler) galloped up, their swords gleaming in the lightning's red glare. The first salutation was, " Surrender, you d — d rebel." The General delivered his sword. " Say God save the King," they cried. His only reply was, " God save all honest men." " God save the King," they again shouted, and showered their sabre blows on his devoted head, and arm as it was uplifted to ward off the strokes.* After they had sufficiently hacked their defenceless but undaunted prisoner, he was mounted, the blood streaming from his wounds, behind one of the troopers, who instantly hurried back to Jamaica, for fear of being intercepted. That night he was placed in Hinchman's tavern, (still stand- ing,) where Dr. Ogden and Minema, his pupil, were refused SEIZURE OF WHIGS. 105 permission to dress his wounds. A British surgeon was called in. While in Hinchman's tavern, and suffering with pain, he sent for a Miss Cebra, and said to her, "Madam, 1 understand you are Mrs. Robinson's sister." Then drawing a silver* spoon from his pocket, he said, " Take this, madam, and hand it back to Mrs. Robinson. She gave it to me some time ago when I was about to take the field, ' for," she said, ' she sup- posed I might not always have conveniences for eating when in camp." " His shirt sleeve, cut with seven gashes, and also his hat slashed in many places, were preserved by Miss Cebra, and remained in the General's family some years, till his man- sion was burnt. The next day he was taken westward and put on board an old vessel at New Utrecht, used for transporting live stock, where he had none of the conveniences his wretched condition required. He was next removed to the house of Wilhelmus Van Brunt, (still standing near the church at New Utrecht,) which was used as a hospital. His arm mortified, and it was decided to take it off. He thereupon sent express to his wife that he had no hopes of life, and requested her to gather up what provisions she could, (for he had a large farm,) and hasten to his bedside. She accordingly loaded a wagon with bread, crackers, hams, butter, and the like, and barely reached her husband in time to see him alive. With his dying breath he requested her to distribute the provisions she had brought among the suf- fering, starving American prisoners. His body was em- balmed by the British surgeons, and taken by his wife to Mastic, and interred on his farm about September 23. f * Wm.Warne, who left Long Island, September 5, reports to Congress that a light-horse told him he had taken Gen. Woodhull in a barn'in the dark, and before he would answer, when spoken to, the General had received a cut on the head and both arms. 106 SEIZURE OF WHIGS. The Hartford Courant, September 9, '76, says: "Woodhull refused to give up his sidt arms, and was wounded on his head, and had a bayonet thrust through his arm." t The following inscription is taken from his tombstone. In Memory of Gen'l NATHANIEL WOODHULL, Who, wounded and a prisoner, Died on the 20th of September, 1776, In the 54th year of his age, Regretted by all who knew how to value his many private virtues, and that pure zeal for the rights of his country, to which he per- ished a victim. 112. As there have been many different accounts of Gen. Woodhull's capture, we will here insert what may be termed his death-bed confession to a fellow prisoner. * * * Robert Troup says, " that while he was confined on board a transport, Brigadier General Woodhull was also brought on board in a shocking mangled condition ; that he asked the General the particulars of bis capture, and was told that he had been taken by a party of light- horse under command of Capt. Oliver Delancey ; that he was asked by said Captain if he would surrender ; that he answered in the affirmative, provided he would treat him like a gentleman, which Capt. Delancey as- sured him he would ; whereupon the General delivered his sword, and that immediately after the said Oliver Delancey, Jr., struck him ; and others of his party, imitating his example, did cruelly cut and hack him in the manner he then was ; that although he was in such a mangled and horrid situation, he had nevertheless been obliged to sleep on the filthy deck or bare floor of said transport, had not a lieutenant lent him a mat- tress ; that Gen. Woodhull was afterwards carried to the hospital in the church of New Utrecht, where he perished, as the deponent was on good authority informed, through want of care and other necessaries." Sworn, January 17, 1777, before Gov. Morris. Troup was Lieutenant in Lieut. Col. Lasher's battalion of New- York militia, and was taken prisoner at 3 o'clock A. M., August 27. [A ballad on the death of Woodhull, with introductory r°- marks, may be found in the London Mirror for 1823, but is here omitted for its want of historic truth.] — Ed. SEIZURE OF WHIGS. 107 113. The day after WoodhulPs capture, Elias Baylis, chairman of the Jamaica committee, was walking over to Nathaniel Smith's, at the one mile Mill, to hearthe news, when he was arrested by a neighbor, who wished to do something to ingratiate himself with the British. When the venerable man, blind as he was, was brought before the British officer at Jamaica, he exclaimed, in sur- prise, " Why do you bring this man here? He's blind : he can do no harm." The unfeeling wretch who had informed against him, replied : " He's blind, but he can talk." Baylis did not attempt to conciliate the officer, but unfor- tunately dropped a few words in vindication of the American cause. This was enough. He was shut up in the Presby- terian church that night, and next day carried to the prison at New Utrecht.* He was subsequently removed to the Provost in New- York. Elias Baylis was an elder of the Presbyterian church, and stood high in the community for uprightness and ability. He had a sweet voice, and could sing whole psalms and hymns from memory : it will not be surprising then to find him beguil- ing his dreary imprisonment in singing, among others, the 142d Psalm : Lord, I am brought exceeding low, Now let thine ear attend, And make my foes, who vex me, know I've an Almighty Friend. From my sad ptison set me free, Then shall I praise thy name ; And holy men shall join with me Thy kindness to proclaim. The aged man was visited in prison by his wife and daughter. After a confinement of about two months at the intercession of his friends, he was released, barely in time to breathe his last without a prison's walls. He died in crossing the ferry with his daughter, and his mortal remains now re- pose without a stone to mark the spot or commemorate his worth. The heartless wretch who arrested him, fled on the return of peace to Nova Scotia, dreading the vengeance of his fellow- 108 SEIZURE OF WHIGS. citizens ; but after a two years' exile, he ventured to return, but looked so poor and forlorn that he was never molested. * Daniel Duryee, (afterwards Assemblyman,) Win. Furman, Wm. Creed, and two others, were put in one pew in New Utrecht church. Baylis wanted them to get the Bible out of the pulpit and read to him. They feared to do it, but led the blind man to the pulpit steps. As he returned with it a British guard met him, beat him violently, and took away the book. They were three weeks at New Utrecht, and then marched down to the prison ship. 114. As fast as the whigs were seized, they were put in the Presbyterian church till a sufficient number was collected to send under guard to the prison ship. It is said, that when these unfortunate prisoners, embracing, as they did, some of our worthiest and most aged citizens, were drawn up and ready to march, a crowd of spectators assembled to witness their departure, attracted, some by the novelty of the sight, some by sympathy, others gazing with a fiendish smile on the whigs in this their hour of retribution. One aged whig, named Smith, appealed to a loyalist to intercede for him. The cold reply was, "Ah, John, you've been a great rebel." Directly the old man's searching eye detected a more be- nevolent look in the face of another loyalist : " McEvers, this is hard for an old man like me to go to prison ; can't you do something for me '?" " What have you been doing, John ?" "Why, I've had opinions of my own." "Well, I'll see what I can do for you." McEvers then went to the officer, and made such a representation that Smith was immediately released.* — " Teach me to feel another's woe." * John Thurston was put in prison and had his health ruined. Abr. Ditmars, Robert Hinchman, David Lamberson, (and who can tell how many more ?) were carried off to prison. Rev. Abm. Keteltas crossed to the Main ; J. J. Skidmore went up the North River, and returned at the peace, his wife dying in the meantime. Increase Carpenter was commissary to the army. 115. North Hempstead. It is not known when the British first came here ; but probably immediately after Washington SEIZURE OF WHIGS. 109 left the Island, their light-horse hunted out the leading Whigs and impressed wagons.* * A. Onderdonk, Peter Dodge, (and who can teli how many more ?) were impressed with teams and attended the army at Newtown, White Plains and Fort Washington. They returned home sick with carnp fever, and were buried in December. Hendrick Onderdonk's wagon, driven by Cha's Hubbs, was taken to the Jerseys and recovered after 8 months' absence. It had served two six pounders at White Plains. Great num- bers of impressed teams were lost and never paid for. 116. Eight light-horse surrounded the house of Col. Sands, but finding him not at home, went off quietly. Some pow- der and ball stored there had been sent off to the Main in the morning, as I. R. and W. H., with fixed bayonets, marched in the house to seize it in the afternoon. Colonel Sands had retreated with the army, and was now at New Rochelle.* He sent for his wife, who was to return the same afternoon, but was absent six weeks, no one darinc to convey her back. R. M. at last landed her at the beach. She disguised herself at E. Hegeman's, and so reached home undetected. The Col. returned home at the instance of his wife to save his property from destruction, and was arrested and carried to Oyster Bay [to Gen. Delancey ?] He obtained a pardon from Howe Dec. 23, "76. Col. S. suffered much in common with the Whigs during the war, had his wood cut off, and his hay and cattle taken. B. Sands, Chairman of the Committee, and now member of Congress, not owning any land to be confiscated, retired to Nine Partners, where he staid during the war. * He was at Fiflhkill, Nov. B, as appears by the following resolution of the Cong.-- Airo. B. Resolved, That this committee will pay the wages and value of rations due such officers and men of Col. Smith's regiment as are not in the British lines ; and that Col. Sands procure Muster Rolls of the men." (See 103. 117. On Saturday, Sept. 21, ; 76, the day after the great fire in New- York, a detachment of Col. Birch's 17th light dragoons 6 110 SEIZURE OF WHIUS. visited Croat Neck, Cow Neck, &c In the afternoon they reached the house of Adrian Onderdonk, which they instantly surrounded, when an officer went in and searched every part, up and down stairs, thrusting Ins sword into every se- cret place. The object of their pursuit happened to be at home, and on being arrested, he asked the reason of it. The reply was, M Your neighbors complain of you." He then mounted his horse and rode oil* with the troopers ; perhaps in quest of other Whigs on Cow Neck. lie was taken as far as Flushing, and shut up in the Friends' meet- ing house that night. The next day ho was taken to New- York. On his arrival at the city, he, with other prisoners, was paraded through the streets to the Provost, with a gang of loose women marching before them, to add insult to suffer- ing.* After awhile the rigor of the prison rules was somewhat abated. He was allowed to write home (which he did in Dutch) for provisions, such as smoked beef, butter, &c. Un- fortunately they were not sent, as the neighbors amused his wife with the vain hope that her husband would be home in a short time, in a day or so. His friends procured a woman to dolus washing, prepare \'ood and convey it to him. &c.*f The horrors o\' imprisonment were aggravated by the uncalled for brutality of Capt. Cunningham, keeper of the Provost, who seems to have hung great numbers on his own responsibility without trial, as appears by his dying confes- sion when hung in London. August 10. 1701, for forgery.J One day as he was walking through the rooms, followed by his constant attendant, a negro, § with coils of rope on his neck, he asked A. O. what he was imprisoned for? " I've been a committee man." " Well," (with an oatli and a deal of abuse) "you shall be hung to-morrow." After he had been confined nearly four weeks, his mind daily harassed with the dreadful forebodings of death, with- SEIZURE OF WHIGS. Ill out a hearing, whenever it might suit the whim of his cruel jailer, Elbert Hegeman, afterwards Judge, went to Col. and asked him " if he had any new complaint against A. O. ; for if he had not, he should avail himself of Hon proclamation and get him released, as his family were suf- fering severely from sickness, two of his children having died in one day." The Col. replied : " For his suffering family he felt sorry ; but as for the d — d rebel, he did not care what be- came of him." He added, however, that he "had no fresh complaint." E. Hegeman, thereupon, went to New-York, called on Lambert Moore, (nephew of the prisoner and Comptroller of the Customs) to learn how to proceed. They first went to Sheriff Roberts, a friend of Hend'k O., who gave them a line to Gen. Robertson ; who thereupon issued an order for the liberation of the prisoner. They then re- paired to the Provost (now the Hall of Records). As they approached, the guards made way, and they entered the prison door. The prisoner at first did not recognize his deliverers. They soon made themselves known, and informed hirn that he might now take the benefit of the Proclamation and be restored to his family. Such tidings were too strange. He could not realize it. He was confused and bewildered. As his senses became collected, they conversed with him on his family affairs. He was brought borne in a wagon by E. Hegeman in the night, pale, thin and feeble from bodily suf- ferings and mental anxiety. His shattered constitution never recovered its former strength. He told Col. , the first time he saw hirn af- ter his release, that his sufferings had deprived him of the hearing of one ear. " Then, d — n you. look out for the other, also," was the brutal reply. E. Hegeman also recovered from Michael Burns, of Searing Town, (who acted as informer and. guide to the light-horse.; the young sorrel that A. O. rode to Brooklyn. He paid him a few dollars for his alledged expenses. - ; Mind." says Burn- I do not sell the creature to vou." 112 SEIZURE OF WHIGS. A. O. had been Deputy Chairman|| of the Committee for Cow Neck, Great Neck, &c, and it became his duty to grant passes to those wishing to leave the county, and preside at meetings where resolutions, offensive to the Loyalists, were of- ten passed ; hence, though a mild and moderate man,T[ he na- turally from his position incurred their resentment. After the defeat at Brooklyn, he left his home and was concealed for two or three weeks at Jacob Vanderbelt's, Huntington. He then came in on the faith of the British Proclamation, and gave up to Sir Wm. Erskine, on Long Island ; in violation of which he was cast into prison. One Sunday before his imprisonment, as he was returning from Flower Hill, I. R., with Mike Burns and one Osborn, met him, used abusive language, and finally seized the reins of his bridle, and for lack of rope, said he had " a great mind to peel bark and hang him." While A. O. was yet in Provost, Capt. Stephen Thorne rode up to his house, and as he sat on his horse, said, in the course of conversation with A. O.'s wife, that " the Declaration of Independence was a wrong thing." She replied, (perhaps to conciliate his good will,) that "her husband did not approve of it either, and thought it was going too far; but as it was the will of the majority, he fell in with it."** During the armed occupation of Queens county, the Loyal- ists had frequent opportunities of insulting the Whigs. Im- mense quantities of cord-wood were carted to A. O.'s landing, (now C. Pearsall's.) The gates were often left open, and if his son, tired of driving out stray cattle, should request a carter to shut the gate, " Your father is not Chairman of the Committee now," would be the ready taunt. And if the father should venture a like request, he would be greeted with " You d — d Dutch rebel, I'll go on board the man of war (meaning the guard ship in Cow Bay,) and complain of you for hindering me from carting the King's wood." * Col. Graydon says a like insult was offered the American prison- ers taken at Fort Washington. t Women often brought food for the prisoners in little baskets, which after examination, were handed in. Now and then, the guard might in- SEIZURE OF WHIGS. 113 tercept what was sent, or Cunningham (if the humor took him) as he passed through the hall, might kick over vessels of soup placed there by the charitable for the poor and friendless prisoners. t " I was appointed provost marshal to the Royal army, which placed me in a situation to wreak my vengeance on the Americans. I shudder to think of the murders I have been accessory to, both with and without orders from government, especially while in New-York, during which time there were more than 2000 prisoners starved in the different churches, by stopping their rations, which I sold. There were also 275 American prisoners and obnoxious persons executed ; out of all which number there were only about one dozen public executions, which chiefly consisted of British and Hessian deserters. The mode for private execu- tions was thus conducted : A guard was despatched from the Provost about half-past twelve at night, to the. Barrack street, (now Chambers,) and the neighborhood of the upper barracks, to order the people to shut their window-shutters and put out their lights, forbidding them at the same time to presume to look out of their windows and doors, on pain of death ; after which the unfortunate prisoners were conducted gagged, just behind the upper barracks, and hung without ceremony, and there buried by the black pioneer of the Provost." — Dying Confession. § One Guinea Reward. — Ran away, a black man, named Richmond, being the common hangman, formerly the property of the rebel Col. Pat- terson, of Pennsylvania. Aug. 4, 1781. WM. CUNNINGHAM. jl Gov. Tryon said, " I should, were I in more authority, burn every committee-man's house within my reach, as I deem those agents the wicked instruments of the continued calamities of this country; and in order sooner to purge the country of them, I am willing to give 25 silver dollars for every acting committee-man, who shall be delivered up to the King's troops." Nov. 23, 1777. IT Benj. Sands, Chairman of the Committee, was for going ahead. He was especially severe on the New-Yorkers who moved into the district. (See 43.) When A. O. recommended gentler measures, he replied, " Then you think we ought to do nothing, eh V ** " The Declaration of Independence," says Graydon, " was not re- ceived with the enthusiasm since supposed. Many who had supported the Whig cause fell back." 118. Major Thorne, of Great Neck, was taken by Col. Birch, Sept. 27, 1776, at his house, and carried to Flushing 114 SEIZURE OF WHIGS. meeting house ; on the 28th, carried to Newtown meeting house ; and on the 29th to New-York, and put in the new City- Hall, (site of the Custom House,) and kept there till Nov. 12, when, at the repeated solicitations of his wife, Col. Ludlow became surety for his conduct, and he was set free. Col. Birch also took from Major Thorne 7 cows, worth £49, 2 three year old steers, worth £14, 1 heifer worth £5, 15 sheep worth £9 ; total, £77. Major Thorne had marched to Brooklyn with the militia, and stood guard all night at Fort Oblong, when he was attacked with the dysentery. He returned home on furlough Aug. 25. After the defeat at Brooklyn he fled the county, crossed the Sound at Huntington, and went to Fishkill, where the Congress was in session. Dr. Latham attended him and was with him at Fishkill, Sept. 7. Soon after this the Major ventured to re- turn home, and was arrested in violation of the Proclamation. 119. The Oyster Bay committee were in session at Dan'l Cock's, Matinecock, when news was brought of our defeat at Brooklyn. They at once broke up and hastened home, there to await their fate, except Joost Monfort and Isaac Bo- gart, who took leave of their families, mounted horses and rode off" to Huntington Ferry, where they crossed the same night in company with Maj. Thorne and others, and pro- ceeded to Fishkill. Joost Monfort, after a few months absence, ventured home in the night, and before day hurried off to Gen. Robertson, at New-York, to give up before his loyal neighbors should molest him. They got wind of it, however, and Esq. A. V- W hastened to New- York to prevent his getting a pardon. He was so abusive when he found he could not succeed, that Robertson ordered him out of his office and gave Monfort a certificate. 120. The Kings county light-horse were now driving cattle from Hog Island, but on hearing of the defeat at Brooklyn, they left the cattle at Matinecock and crossed the sound at Huntington, Aug. 29, leaving their horses to come by the next boat. But the Huntington committee detained SEIZURE OF WHIGS. 115 the horses for the defence of the island, so that the riders went without them to Fishkill, where the Convention sat. 121. A British sergeant and three light-horse came to Cedar Swamp in September, and continued there some time, hunting Whigs and impressing wagons.* * Sept. 7, 1776. One Harrison, from Long Island, reports to Con- gress that " the ministerial troops have been to Oyster Bay and Hemp- stead. That the disaffected have joined the enemy and proceeded as far as Setauket ; that Wm. Smith, of , administers oaths of allegiance, and Tho's Smith, of Hog Island, receives submissions." 122. A week after the Kings county horse had driven the cattle off Hog Island to Matinecock, a detachment of the 17th light dragoons appeared at Norwich and apprehended George Townsend, chairman of the Queens county commit- tee, and John Kirk, also a committee-man. Townsend was not at home the first time his house was visited, but had fled to Huntington, whence he unfortunately returned. Kirk was in his corn-field stouting top-stalks. When warned of the approach of the enemy and advised to flee, he refused, saying he was ready for his fate now, for should he escape this time, he could have no peace till they seized him. He also had faint hopes from the proclamation of Howe, promis- ing pardon to all who would quietly remain at home. They conducted the two committee-men on horseback to the house of Samuel Townsend, member of the Provincial Con- gress. They found him seated on his stoop, and informed him of their business. A crowd soon gathered around, attracted by the novel sight of British light-horse and sym- pathy for their fellow-citizens. The officers were most hos- pitably entertained, and such appliances used that on one Buchanan's promising he should be forthcoming at New- York whenever summoned, he was allowed to go at large. Far different was the fate of the other two. George Townsend having been chairman of the committee, and withal a bold, blunt, talented man, had exasperated his loyal 116 SEIZURE OF WHIGS. neighbors past endurance, and could find no intercessor in his hour of peril. And when an old acquaintance, John Townsend, at the mill, was importuned to say a kind word for Kirk, he coolly replied, " He has got into this scrape him- self; let him help himself out as best he can." " Blest is the man whose softening heart Feels all another's pain ; To whom the supplicating eye Was never raised in vain." This same Townsend was forced to leave his property at the peace, and go in exile to England, where he died. The troopers, on their return to Norwich, were met by Kirk's wife and daughter, (my informant,) who had gath- ered up some clothing and other articles, to render the hard- ships of prison more tolerable. To soothe their anguish, the women were told the prisoners would soon be released. That night they were shut up in the meeting house at Flushing, and next day taken to the Provost, where they were thrown among the offscouring of the earth. After repeated remon- strances, they were separated from this vile herd. Penelope Hull, a Quakeress, offered to carry them food twice a day. Their washing was done at home. After nine weeks' im- prisonment, two English Quakers, Jacob Watson and Robt. Murray, procured their release, and became security for their good behavior. That evening, as the family of Kirk was seated quietly by the fireside, they heard a knocking at the door. " There's the soldiers again," exclaimed the affrighted mother. "She was mistaken. It was George Townsend's voice. " Why don't you come and help your father out of the chaise ?" He was sick of the small pox, caught in the Provost ; and his return home, instead of diffusing joy and peace, spread consternation and death ! The husband, indeed, recovered, but the wife and her infant daughter went down to the grave. PART III. PETITION AND REPRESENTATION OF QUEENS COUNTY. 123. The King being now in possession of Queens county, and his soldiers scattered over it, the leading Whigs having been thrown in prison, and the property of those who fled seized by the enemy, the remainder were constrained to join the Loyalists in petitioning the King's Commissioners that Queen's county might be restored to Royal favor. To the Right Honorable RICHARD, LORD VISCOUNT HOWE, of the Kingdom of Ireland, and to his Excellency, the Hon, WM. HOWE, Esquire, General of His Majes- ty' s forces in America, the King's Commissioners for re- storing peace to his Majesty's Colonies in North America : The humble Representation and Petition of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of Queens County, on the Island of Nas- sau, in the Province of New- York : Your Excellencies having, by your Declaration of July last, opened to us the pleasing prospect of returning peace and se- curity, long banished by the many calamities surrounding us, we entertained the most sanguine expectations that the Colo- nies would at length have submitted to their duty and ac- knowledged ta constitutional authority they had so wantonly opposed. When we compaied the dismal situation of the country suf- fering under all the evils attending the most convulsive state, with the mild and happy government it had before experienced, we saw no ground for hesitation ; from happiness we had fallen into misery ; from freedom to oppression ! We severely felt the change and lamented our condition ; unfortunately for us, 6* 118 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. these hopes were blasted by the infatuated conduct of the Con- gress : Your Excellencies nevertheless having been pleased by a subsequent Declaration, again to hold up the most benevo- lent offers, and to repeat his Majesty's gracious intentions to- wards the obedient : Permit us, his Majesty's loyal and well-affected subjects, the Freeholders and Inhabitants of Queens county, humbly to represent to your Excellencies, that we bear true allegiance to His Majesty, GEORGE the Third, and are sincerely attached to his sacred person, crown and dignity ; that we consider the union of these colonies with the parent state essential to their well being ; and our earnest desire is that the constitutional author- ity of Great Britain over them, may be preserved to the latest And we humbly pray, that your Excellencies would be pleased to declare this county at the peace of His Majesty, and thereby enable us to receive the benefits flowing from his most gracious protection. Queens county, 21st October, 1776. John Morrell, Thomas Hallet, Charles Willet, Geo. Nostrand, Enoch Martin, Jona. Rowland, John Enibree, Benj. Arisson, Ab'm Lawrence, Hallet Wright, Jos. Wright, Philip Field, John Fowler, Thomas Blockley, John Marston, Oliver Thome, Wm. Lowere, Wm. Arisson, Gilbert Field, Joseph Haviland, Jr. Wm. Reid, Elbert Hoogland, David Roe, Constable, Jos. Griffen, John Smith, Sam'l Smith, Sam'l Fish, Francis Marston, Thos. Bennen, Benj. Farrington, Tho's Woodward, Leonard Lawrence, Matthew Redett, Baltus Van Kleeck, Theophilus Wright, Gilbert Colden Willet, Isaac Underbill, Edward Willet, Peter Underhill, Garret Van Wicklen, Dan'l Young, Wm. Butler, Jacob Weeks, Jr. Zeb'n Wright, Simeon Walters, Joseph Latham, Sam'l Burr, Henry Dickenson, March McEwen, Darius Allen, Israel Oakley, Tho's Smith, Jr. Isaac Carpenter, Richard Weeks, Rob't Wilson, Zeb'n Doty, Dan'l Hendrickson, John Bennet, Jeromus Leister, Refine Weeks, Ab'm Van Wyck, Benj. Cheshire, James Voorhies, PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 119 Cornelius Suydarn, Charles Justus, Gabriel Cock, Solomon Wooden, John Remsen, Isaac Keen, John Williams, Ab'm Snedeker, Richard Jackson, Geo. Bayley, Tho's Jackson, Nichol. Van Cott, Ab'm Allen, Dan'l Allen, Hend'k Hardenberg, Barnt Snedeker, John Ue Vedito, Garret Wortman, Dan'l Van Nostrand, Rich'd Hewlett, Benajah Bedle, Francis Davenport, Michael Demott, Elias Burtis, Edward Allison, Charles Cornweli, Sam'] Jackson, John Legross, Rich'd Gilder3leeve, Wrn. Gritman, John Hall, Tho's Williams, Tho's Jackson, Lorance Fish, Geo. Smith, Jo's Birdsall, Nathan Skidmore, Israel Seaman, Jacob Jackson, Sarn'l Carman, Joshua Tettil, John Mcintosh, John Hewlett, Stephen Wood, Geo. Watts, Isaac Denton, Rich'd Green, Joseph Bedel, Jonah Valentine, Christian Snedeker, Wm. Langdon, Ja's Searing, Wm. Peareall, Jos. Cadles, ■ Jae. Cornweli, Ephraim Ludlow, Cornel Smith, Wrn. Langdon, Am 03 Smith, Jr. Rich'd Mott, Corn's Bogert, Tunis Covert, Jacob Mott, Jr. John Sands, Micajah Townsend, Joseph Hegeman, Jesse Weekes, Sam'l Weekes, Jos. Thorney Craft, Tim'y Townsend, Jotham Townsend, W. Townsend, Ja's Craft, Cha's Thorn, Tho's Kipp, John Weekes, Dan'l Rapalje, 8c. Jacobus Ricker, Ab'm Berrien, Garret Luyster, Benj. Field, John Lawrence, Ab'm Polhemus, Nath'l Hunt, Ab'm Brinckerhoff, John Leverich, Rem P. Remsen, John Burroughs, Jacob Palmer, John Gorsline, Robert T. Collins, John Parsall, Jacob Bennett, Ab'm Divine, Jores Brinckerhoff, Peter Smith, Jr. Plat Smith, Waters Lambertson, Nath'l Woodruff, Dan'l Ludlam, Simeon Lugrin, Nath'l Higbee, Nath'l Smith, Rich'd Roads, John Losee, John Van Nostrandt, Peter Smith, Sr. John Remsen, Tho's Wiggins, Michael Flowers, Sam'l Thorne, Gilbert Cornell, Edward Hicks, Tho's Hicks, John Mitchell, Jr. Oba'h Cornweli, Corn's Cornweli, Augustine Mitchell, Sam'l Hutcnings, John Burtis, John Woolley, Wm. Milbourn, Geo. Rapalje, 130 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. Henry Hauxhurst, Benj. Hicks* Newbury Davenport, Joseph Kissam, David Allen, Tho's Lewis, John Carle, Michael Rogers, Sam'l Titus, John Rodman., Jacob Suydam, Peter Alburtus, Benj. Field, Geo. Hicks, Oliver Waters, Wm. Burns, Oliver Talman, John Searing, Wm. Waters, Hend'k Eldert, Wm. Talman, Tho's Fowler, Jacob Griffin, John Van Liew, Rob't Morrell, Caleb Valentine, Nehemiah Coe, Geo. Rapalje, Jr. Ja's Morrell, Ab'm J. Rapalje, Stephen Moore, John Rapalje, Bern's Rapalje, Jesse Fish^ Dan'l Norstrandt, Christopher Remsen, Alex'r McMullen,. Rich'd Gardiner, Wm. Steed, Silas- Lawrence, Nich's WickofT, Jacobus Collier, Ab'm Probasco, Tho's Youngs, Charles Hicks, Peter H. Waters, Ezekiel Roe, John Morrell, Wm. Prince, James Field, Sam'l Thorne, Christo'r Robert, Jacob Suydam, Benj. Thorne, Jr. Jos. Thome, Sam'l Smith, Jr. Wm. Lawrence, Jr. David Fowler, Dan'l Clement, John Monfort, Dan'l Hitchcock, Pepperell Bloodgood, Caleb Lawrence, John Thorne, Tho's Foster, James Areson, Darby Doyel, Issachar Poloek, Benj. Thorne, V. Hicks, John Talman, Steph. Lawrence, Somerset Lawrence, Rob't Lawrence, Sam'l Wright, Oliver Cornell, Joseph Beesley, Henry Lowere, Rich'd Loudon,. Daniel Townsend, Jacob Van Wicklen, Francis Conihane,. David Chadoyne, Wm. Walters, Anthony Wright, Ab'm Remsen, Jos. Carpenter, Joseph Cooper, Tho's Cheshire, Dan'l Weekes, Jr. Francis Blackburn, Rob't Allen, Zophar Hawkins, Jacob Smith, Rob't Colwell, John Carpenter, Corn's Hoogland, John Remsen, Ab'm Weekes, Nath'l Weekes, Tunis Hoogland, Peter Liester, W. Braambos Jacob Weekes, Anthony Van Nostrandi . Peter Liester, Jr. Farnandus Suydam, Jacob Dillingham, Dan'l Dodge, John Weekes, Wm. Cheshire, Daniel Latten, John Carpenter, Jos. Cooper, Jr. Isaac Whipps, Michael Weekes, Sam'l Robbins, Simeon Hauxhurst ,. Townsend Weekes, Tho's Place, Jacobus Suydam, Rem Hardenberg, Geo. Weekes, PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 121 Dan'l Weekes, Edmond Weekes, John Van Noorstrandt, W. Snedeker, S. Clowes, W. Pool, Sam'l H. Davenport, W. Hewlett, Ambrose Seaman, Jona. Gildersleeve, Benj. Smith, R. Isaac Jackson, John Dorian, Tho's Tredwell, Jona. Cornelius, Jo's Smith, Silas Smith, John Fetherbe, Benj. Barker, W. Ferribe, Noah Seamors, Rich'd Jackson, Tunis Covert, Ja's Pettit, Oliver Willis, Geo. Weekes, Steph. Hewlett, Geo. Watts, Jr. Reuben Pine, Sylvester Bedle, Mourris Simonson, Tho's Hicks, Samuel Pettet, Jacob Doxsee, Steph. Cornwell, Jr. Timothy Clowes, Ja's Smith, Geo. Baldwin, David Jackson, Sam'l Smith, Gilbert Van Wyck, Freeman Please, Isaac Covert, Jordan Lawrence, David La ton, Ja's Pine, W. Frost, Benj Latting, Jr. Tillot Colwell, Geo. Downing, Geo. Bayles, John Tilley, Jacob Valentine, Jacob Carpenter, Ant. Weekes, Annanias Downing, John Schenck, Wm. Weyman, Jos. Moore, W. Leverich, John Curtis, John Debevois, Abra. Polhemus, Jr. Jos. Gorsline, Jacob Hallet, Jr. John Morrell, Jos. Burroughs, John Ketcham, Jr. Rich'd Rapalje, Jarel Curtis, Abra. Rapalje, Wm. Bennet, Sam'l Renne, Isaac Brinckerhoff, Wm. Creed, Jr. David Lamberson, Isaac Ambeman, John Smith, John Skidmore, Dan'l Bailey, Peter Nostrandt, Walter Smith, Nath'l Smith, Wm. Hendrickson, Isaac Mills, Whithead Skidmore, J. D. Peyster, Cha's Smith, Wm. Valentine, Tho's Ireland, Gregory Rete, Martin Schenck, Jr. Peter Monfort, John Clement, Henry Stocker, John Woolley, Jr. Andries Hegeman, Tho's Smith, Dan'l Ireland, W. Smith, Cow Neck, John Cornwall, Sam'l Alline, John TofTe, Benj. Smith, Geo. Hallet, Ja's Lewis, W. Willis, Mordecai Willis, Jos. Skidmore, Sr. Lewis Davenport, Ja's Langdon, Aaron Van Nostrandt, Abm. Van Noorstrandt' Dan'l Rapalje, Rulef Duryee, Obadiah Mills, Jeremiah Remsen, Rob't Doughty, Jo's Lawrence, Simon Simonson, Amos Mills, Teunis Covert, Jr. John Voorhies, 122 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. Stephen Lott, Derrick Bergen, Isaac Pettit, Ja's Marr, Jona. Furman, Sam'l Tredvvell, Rob't Dixon, Cha's Cornell, Nath'l Wright, Sam'l Wright, Dominicus Van Dine, Arus V. Dine, Stephen Voris, Simon Voris, John Suydam, Rem Remsen, W. Monfort, Simon Lambertson, Tho's Van Wyck, Wright Thorney Craft. David Valentine, Jordan Coles, Mordecai Beedle, John Henderson, Steph. Lawrence, Jr. Nich's Ludlam, W. Hopkins, Jr. Ambrose Fish, Tho's Lawson, Jacob Bergen, Lawrence Marston, Noah Smith, Nich. Smith, Dan'l Whitehead, Benj. Everitt, Douw V. Dine, Isaac Ditmars, Garret Ditmars, Aury Boerum, John Remsen, Douw Ditmars, John Ditmars, Jacob Remsen, Nich's Jones, Johannes H. Lott, Clark Cock, Rem Remsen, Henry Higbie, Hend'k Emans, Jr. Jona. Fish, John Talman, Jr. Thos. Furman, John Carpenter, Sam'l Clement, Sam'l Mott Cornell, Johannes Bergen, Peter Ryerson, Thos. Fowler, Henry Townsend, Jr. J. V. Wicklen, Tristam Dodge, Jac. Rhinelander, Levi Weekes, Caleb Underhill, Dan. Weekes, Cha. Burnett, Richard Weekes, Robert Hall, John Robbins, Sr. Baruch Allen, Dan'l Terry, Isaac Smith, Arnold Fleet, Wm. Hoogland, Dan'l Duryee, Jas. Vanscot, John Bennet, Sr. John Weekes, Jr. Jeremiah Cheshire, Dan'l Birdsall, Jacob Duryee, Garret Monfort, George Duryee, Edmund Lindsay, Absalom Wooden, John Butler, Jr. Josias Latten, Amaziah Wheeler, Jo. Wormian, Joshua Hammond, Melancthon Thome, Abra. Seaman, Sam. Townsend, Penn Cock, Dan. Vanvelred, John Allen, Robt. Jackson. Barnt Snedeker, Isaac Robbins, Jeromus Bennet, Sr. Garret Noorstrandt, Jr. Benj. Lester, Rich. Langdon, Ja's Smith, Luke Cummins, Benj. Dorlon, Henry Miller, Corn. Van Noorstrandt, John Birdsall, Increase Pettit, John Van Noorstrandt, Thos. Fetherbe, Dan'l Smith, Jr. Sam. Birdsall, Sa. Jackson, the 3d. Stephen Calas, Sam'l Spragg, John Verety, Abra. Baldin, Amos Powell, Micah Williams, John Smith, Steph. Powell, PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 123 Thos. Dorlon, Benj. Smith,. Tr. Seaman Watts, J. Baker, Sam. Carman, P. Pettett, Jo. Lefferts, Tho. Clowes, Elijah Spragg, John Townsend, Rich. Townsend, Ben. Dorland, S. Stringham, Ste. Baldin, Rich'd Bruer, Israel Smith, Fred'k Nostrandt, Jackson Mott, Coles Carpenter, Nath'l Coles, Thos. Underhill, Benj. Latting, John Jackson, Jr. Thos. Kirby, Jos. Wood, Thos. Frost, Thos. Hopkins, John Jackson, Steph. Thorn, Ja's Bennett, Peter Sniffen, Dan'l Lawrence, John Moore, Jacob Moore, Wm. Sackett, John J. Waters, John Bragaw, Cha's Debevois, John Kearns, David Van Wickel, Peter Bragaw, Abm. Brinckerhoff, Jr. Robt. Field, John Van Aulst, Howard Furman, Thomas North, John Fish, Joseph Morrell, Cornelius Rapalje, John Williamson, W. Van Wyck, Isaac Amberman, Jr. Jacob Ogden, John Skidmore, John Smith, Abm. Colyer, Nich. Everitt, Isaac Rhoads, John Brush, Sam'l Messenger, Nath'l Mills, Barnardus Hendrickson Will. Golder, John Rice, Sam'l Smith, John Kissam, Daniel Kissam, 3d, John Searing, Wilson Williams, Tho's Thome, Jr. John Tied well, John Searing, Elbert Hegeman, Jr. Adam Mott, Sr. Simon Sands, John Smith, W. Cornwell, Jas. Hewlett, John Mitchell, Jr. Sam'l Wooley, Benj.Cheesman, Philip Valentine, John Marvin, Rich'd Townsend, Jr. Rich'd Townsend, John Golding, John Smith, Dan'l Wyllis, Elbert Brinckerhoff, Teunis Bergen, Robt. Mitchell, Jacob Nostrandt, Edward Burling, Teunis Brinckerhoff, Isaac Bragaw, Sam'l Seaman, Geo. Brinckerhoff, Teunis Brinckerhoff, Cha's Hicks, Jr. Walter Skidmore, Tho's Valentine, Reuliff Voorhees, ,Nath'l Provoost, Jacob Field, David Hallet, John Williams, Sam'l Carman, Silas Carman, Rich'd Lowdon, John Snedeker, Luke Eldert, John Waters, Sam'l Skidmore, Jr. Jaques Johnson, Corn. Bennett, Albert Snedeker, Sam'l Skidmore, Nicholas Van Dyck, Philip Allen, Henry Allen, John Allen, Steph. Van Wyck, Chas. Hicks, 124 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. Nehemiah Carpenter, George Comwell, John Cock, Rich'dLattin, John Bremner, Jos. Place, cordwainer. Luke Bergen, Sam'l Thorne, Geo. Thorne, John Roe, Jacob Gorsling, Thomas Loweree, Sam'l Moore, Sr. Isaac Lawrence, Jacobus Lint, Abm. Lint, Dan'l Lint, Thos. Lawrence, Sam'l Cornell, Benj. Everitt, John Burt is, Hendr'k Suydam, Corn. Ryerson, Isaac LefTerts, Wm Glean, Martin Rapalje, Jacob Carpenter, Joshua Carpenter, Da. Field, Whit. Field, John. Snedeker, W. Creed, Sr. Robert Coe,Jr. Sam'l Fosdick, Abm. Van Wicklen, Nicholas Weekes, Johannes Covert, Geo. Wright, Absalom Townsend, Geo. Youngs, Thos. Fleet, W. McCoun, John Robbins, Jacob Robbins, Jacob Van Noorstrandt Micha Weekes, Elias Chadoyne, Corn. Hoogland, Jr. John Doty, Corn. Vanscott, Nich. Bennet, W. Bennet, Dan'l Burr, Somick Birdsall, Sam'l Weeks, Peter Nostrandt, John Hewlett, Sr. Joost Duryea, Henry Powell, John Amberman, Henry Ludlam, Jr. Isaac Weekes, John Schenck, David Tilley, Robert Townsend, Daniel Youngs, Jr. John Hauxhurst, Jona. Gorham, Charles Gulliver, Henry Townsend, Minne Van Sicklen, Isaac Seaman, Robert Jackson, Jr. Ja's Townsend, Dr. Wm. Crystall, Garret Noorstrandt, John Baker, Gorce Snedeker, Sylvanus Bedell, W. Welling, Rich'd Smith, Jas. Hanrahan, David Sammis, Annanias Southard, Jona. Pratt, Jas. Birdsall, W.fcPettit, Sam'l Dorlon, Dan'l Smith, Sam'l Jackson, Rich'd Smith, Sam'l Green, Rich'd Pine, Isaac Smith, Peter Jones, Garret Golder, John Mott, W. Thurston, Peter Lowge, Leflert Haugewort, Zeb. Smith, Thos. Seaman, W. Smith, Jr. Sam'l Nichols, Timothy Rhonds, Gerardus Cldwes, Benj. Wiggins, Thos. Wiggins, Sam'l Abranis, Joseph Pettit, Jr. Benj. Dorland, Jr. Pelham Sands, Carman Burtis, Carman Rushmore , Sam'l Shaw, David Bedell, Noah Combs, John Demott, Dan'l Cock, Jr. Townsend Dickenson, Rem Hegeman, Dan'l Coles, Jeromus Bennett, PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 125 John Probasco, Michael Mudge, Solomon Craft, Cha's Frost, W. Coles, Thorn. Goldin, Benj. Coles, Geo. Downing, Clarke Lawrence, John Moore, Jr. Ja's Moore, Tho's Morrell, Jeromus Remsen, Thos. Betts, Geo. Debevois, Edward Ortus, Thos. Hunt, W. Furman, John Pettit, John Van Alst, Jr. Gabriel Furman, Geo. Sands, John Greenoak, John Greenoak, Jr. Geo. Rapalje, John Martin, Martin Johnson, John Amberman, Thos. Hinchman, Amos Denton, Obadiah Hinchman, John Hinchman, Sam'l Higbie, Dan'l Ereritt, Lambert Moore, Dan'l Smith, Sam'l Mills, Aaron Hendrickson, Garret Noostrandt, Thos. Martin, Nath'l Mills, Nath'l Denton, Benj. Ackerly, Jos. Hewlett, John Thomas, Thos. Pearsall. Joseph Thorne, Thos. Hollowed, Henry Sands, Adrian Onderdonck, John Whaley, John Morrel, Israel Baxter, Philip Wooley, Jos. Clement, Jr. Rich'd Place, Sam'l Way, Martin Schenck, Peter Losee, Jona. Searing, Joseph Starkings, Derrick Albertson, Philip Young, J. J. Troup, Andries Kashaw, Chas. Cornell, John Mitchell, Henry Townsend, W. Frost, Henry Ludlam, Jos. Ludlam, Jacob Duryee, D. W. Kissam, John Burtis, Aaron Duryee, W. Bennett, Thos. Cornell, Hervey Colwell, Albert Coles, Robert Thorney Craft, Baruch Cornell, Dan'l Kirby, Comfort Cornell, Rich'd Smith, Dan'l Albertson, Nathan Horton, John Whippo, W. Crooker, Jos. Lawrence, Dan'l Hopkins, Tho's Alsop, Martin Van Noostrand, Jeremiah Port, Sylvester Cornell, Edward Colwell, Thos. Ludlam, Dan'l Cock, John Needham, Joseph Denton, Robert Valentine, W. Willing, Philip Allen, Birdsall, Jr. Elijah Wood, Ja's Pine, John Boerum, John Hendrickson, Ja's Wood, W. Cornell, Rich'd Hallett, Ob. Valentine, Geo. Weekes, Sr. Job Duryee. Ja's Harper, Jos. Denton, Aaron Simonson, Hend'k Emmens. Seaman Weekes, Jacob Williams, David Waters, Nich. Van Arsdalen, W. Hallet, Anthony Rhodes, 126 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. Ja's Wooden, Jacob Kashow, Cha's Feke, Dan'l Underhill, Stephen Denton, Sam'l Townsend, Daniel Hall, Elijah Cock, Gilbert McCoun, John Fleet, John Weeks, Sr. Baruch Underhill, Henry Wheeler, John Chiser, Thos. Wright, Gab'l Duryee, Steph. Hendrickson, Garret Bennitt, Augustine McCoun, Nich. Wright, W. Burell, Jacobus Ryder, Penn Week, Benj. Cock, Luke Fleet, Sam'l Cheshire, Tice Lane, Derrick Amberman, Michael Butler, Robt. Colwell, Peter Wheeler, Isaac Remsen, Jr. John Townsend, Jr. Jos. Weekes, Nich. Van Cott, Jr. John Walters, Joseph Hauxhurst, Jacob Beldel, Wm. Ludlam, Jona. Seaman, Jacob Williams, Gilbert Wright, John Youngs, Jeromus Bennett, Peter Hegeman, Chas. Simonson, Adam Mott, Jacobus Lawrence, Epenetus Piatt, Dan'l Hewlett, Jr. Peter Cock, Caleb Southward, John Pratt, Oliver Birdsall, John Pettit, Jos. Dorlen, Sam'l Denton, Townsend Jackson, Gershom Smith, W. Smith, Jr. Benj. Carman, John Post, Thos. Seaman, Sam'l Mott, Sam'l Mott, 3d. Parmenas Jackson, Joseph Hall, Jno. Hall, Jr. Solomon Pool, Obadiah Seaman, Thos. Hutchings, Rich'd Rhoads, Sam'l Pettett, Thos. Dorland, Oba. Pettit, Dan'l Murray, Jno. Hegeman, Joseph Clowes, Nichols Betty, Sam'l Sands, Ja's Burtis, John Jackson, Benj. Jackson, Elias Dorlon, 3d. Walter Covert, Sam'l Demott, Jno. Foster, Jacamiah Bedell, Ja's Townsend, Jr. Obadiah Lawrence, Timothy Ellison, Geo. Bennett, Amos Underhill, Peter Thorney Craft, W. Roe, Samson Crooker, Jacobus Luister, Hewlett Townsend, John Weekes, Peter Monfort, Jacob Downing, Jona. Smith, Nathan'l Moore, Nathan'l Moore, Jr., Richard Morrell, Sam'l Waldron, John Way, Dan'l Debevois, Benj. Moore, Geo. Brinckerhoff, Geo. Brinckerhoff, 3d, Tho's Burroughs, Hend'k Jacobs, James Morrell, John M'Dannaugh, Edmond Penfold, Jeromus Rapalje, Joseph Burling, Richard Rhoades, Nicholas Amberman, Tho's Denton, Amos Denton, Jr., Garret Van Wicklen, PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 127 Jacob Lott, Win. Ludlam, Sen., Wm. Forbus, Tho's Higbie, Ab'm Hendrickson, Albert Hendrickson, Wm. Watts, James Everett, Nath'l Mills, Jr., Jabez Woodruff, Peter Onderdonck, Joris Rapalje, Elbert Hegeman, John Burtis, Joseph Ackerly, Ed. Penny, Caleb Morrell, Hend'k Onderdonck, Jacob Bumstead, Andrew Hegeman, Jr., Wm. Smith, Timothy Smith, James Howard, Philip S. Piatt, Philip Thome, Charles Titus, Jacob Valentine, Benj. Downing, Samuel Titus, John Bashford, Benj. Tredwell, Dr., Tho's Seaman, cooper, Richard Fuller, Philip Thome, Jeromus Rapalje, Geo. D. Ludlow, Daniel Kissam, Leonard Cutting, Rev., David Colden, G. G. Ludlow, Col, Joshua Bloomer, Rev., Abraham Walton, Charles Arding, Jona. Fish, Samuel Fish, Robt. Crommeline, John Shoals, Joseph Field, Thomas Smith, Samuel Cornell, Valentine H. Peters, Hend'k Brinckerhoff, Daniel Hewlett, Sr., Uriah Piatt, John Slone, Richard Alsop, Daniel Duryee, Daniel Feeke, Charles M'Evers, Jacob Mott, James Hallett, W. Hallett, Geo. Ryerson, Ab'm Lawrence, John Townsend, Richard Smith, Stephen Thorne, Daniel Brinckerhoff, Prior Townsend, Abra. Schenck, W. Cock, Richard Titus, Daniel Thome, Peter Titus, Peter Titus, Jr., Elbert Adrianse, Stephen Frost, Simon Remsen, Caspar Sprong, Cornelius Rapalje, Harman Hendrickson, James Carpenter, Penn Frost, John Polhemus, Wm. Latting, Jona. Morrell, Edward Thome, Stephen Thorne, Jr., John Butler, Samuel Mudy, Andrew Ricker, Tho's Howell Smith, Geo. Underhill, John Lambertson, Isaac Remsen, Tho. Cock, Moury Kashaw, Wm. Wright, Jona. Rosell, Wm. Reuben Hall, Procolus McCoun, John Needham, Jr., Samuel Townsend, Tho. Colwell, Samuel Hare, Jr., Samuel Hare, Sr. Samuel Jones, Wm. Jones, David Jones, John Jones, Wm. Hall, Walter Jones, Abr. Duryee, Ab'm Wansor, John Bennet, Jr., Geo. Townsend, Jr., Jeremiah Robbins, Stephen Robbins, Daniel Burr, Jr., Daniel Noostrandt, Hanomon Lelond, James Lifford, John Hewlett, 128 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. Garret Duryee, John Ryder, Henry Wanser, Jr. , Peter Noostrandt, Jr., Levi Cock, Gideon Wright, Cornelius Remsen, Samuel Hawxhurst, Samuel Youngs, W. Townsend, Samuel Baulding, Abel Baulding, Noah Mott, Jr., W. Hawxhurst, W. Vanreelred, John Suydam, John Miller, John Cashow, minor, Stephen Vedito, John Noostrandt, Elias Wheeler, Nehemiah Sammis, Samuel Langdon, Henry Woolley, Solomon Doxey, Henry Shaw, Wm. Stites, Solomon Seaman, John Duryee, Joseph Edoll, David Dorlon, Andrew Allen, Wm. Smith, Richard Jackson, Jr., Obadiah Jackson, Johannes Van Cotts, Jr. John Jackson, Jacob Seaman, Morris Green, Samuel Combs, Peter Schenck, John Laton, Peter Thomas, Wm. Stilwell, John Smith, Coles Mudge, Wm. Mudge, John Luyster, Albert Albertson, Derick Albertson, Joseph Coles, Benj. Thorney Craft, W. Laton, Albert Van Noostrandt, Richard Townsend, Henry Thorney Craft, Jarvis Coles, Benj. Downing, Stephen Smith, Samuel Moore, David Moore, Wm. Howard, Robert Coe, Mr. Lawrence, John Debevois, Jr., Daniel Wiggins, Teunis Brinckerhoff, Bernardus Bloom, Daniel Luyster, Richard Betts, Robt. Jackson, John Snow, Samuel Wainwright, John Denise, Jr., John Charlton, John Bennet, ,John Roades, John Montanye, Ab'm Lott, Benj. Creed, Jos. Thome, Dan'l Cornwell, Moses Higbie, Hope Roads, Cornelius Losee, Hend'k Hendrickson, Ab'm Ditmars, Joseph Golder, Nicholas Van Dam, Caleb Cruees, James Hughston, Joseph Oldfield, Thomas Thome, Wm. Hutchings, Thomas Dodge, Jona. Hutchings, Richard Thorne, Thomas Applebey, Benj. Woolley, Hend'k Van Der Belt, Samuel Latham, Nicholas Willson, Henry Alline, Sr. Samuel Hewlett, Benj. Sands, John Thorne, Samuel Balding, James Crooker, Richard Kirk, Peter Waters, Wm. Williams, Wm. Cox. Caleb Cornell, Powel Amberman, Jacob Doughty, John Van Noorstrandt, Joseph Skidmore, Ab'm Demott, John Kashaw, Jo. Coe, Al. Brinckerhoff. Benj. Tredwell, Richard Wiggins, PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 120 To his Excellency, Wm. Tryon, Esq., Capt. General, and Governor of the Province of New- York, and the terri- tories thereon depending, in America : Chancellor and Vice Admiral of the same, &c. &c. &c. May it please your Excellency, — we, the freeholders and inhabitants of Queens county, are happy once again to address your Excellency in the capital of the Province. We heartily congratulate you on your return, which we consider as the earnest of farther success, and hope ere long the whole Pro- vince will feel the blessings of your Excellency's upright administration. Anxiously do we look forward to the time, when the diso- bedient shall return to their duty, and the ravages of war cease to desolate this once flourishing country. That we may be restored to the King's most gracious pro- tection, torn from us by the hand of violence ; and quicken others by our example to embrace the repeated invitations of his Majesty's commissioners, we have resolved on and sub- scribed a dutiful representation and petition, setting forth to them our loyal disposition, and praying that the county may be declared at the King's peace. We entreat your Excellency to present our petition ; and rely on your known humanity and benevolence for the exertion of your influence in behalf of the well affected county of Q,ueens, that it may again in the bosom of peace enjoy the royal favor under your Excellency's paternal care and atten- tion. Signed by desire of and in behalf of 1293 freeholders and inhabitants, by DAVID GOLDEN. Queeiis County, Oct. 21, 1776. New-York, Nov. 12, 1776. Sir — In compliance with the request in the address present- ed to me by you, in behalf of the inhabitants of Queens county, I immediately after my return from head quarters waited on Lord Howe, one of the King's commissioners for restoring peace to his Majesty's colonies, and presented to his Lordship the very dutiful and loyal petition and representation of the said inhabitants, who was pleased to say, " He would take the 130 PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. earliest opportunity of communicating with Gen. Howe on the occasion." This public testimony from the inhabitants of Queens county, of their unshaken loyalty to our most gracious sove- reign, and of their zealous attachment to the British constitu- tion, is particularly agreeable to me, and entitles them to my best endeavors for a speedy accomplishment of their wishes : the season and the expediency of the granting whereof are safely and happily committed to the wisdom and direction of his Majesty's commissioners. I am, with regard, sir, Your most obedient servant, WM. TRYON. David Colden, Esq., of Queens Co. 124. Gov. Tryon to Lord Geo. Germaine. New-York, Dec. 24, 1776. " On the 10th inst. I reviewed the militia of Queens county at Hempstead, when 820 men were mustered : and on Thurs- day following I saw the Suffolk militia at Brookhaven, where near SCO appeared, to all of whom, as well as to the militia of Queens county, I had in my presence an oath of allegiance and fidelity administered. " I took much pains in explaining to the people (having formed them into circles) the iniquitous arts, &c, that had been practised on their credulity, to seduce and mislead them : and I had the satisfaction to observe among them a general return of confidence in government. A very large majority of the inhabitants oi Queens county have indeed steadfastly maintained their loyal principles, as have small districts in Suffolk. Some men from South and East Hampton, who attended the review, assured me that rebel parties from Con- necticut were then on the easternmost part of the island, and which prevented in general the settlers in that quarter from attending my summons, but that they are very desirous to live under a peaceable obedience to his Majesty's authority. (The inclosed letter, from their Presbyterian minister, will more fully explain their sentiments.) Three companies, I learned, had been raised out of Suffolk for the rebel army, most of whom, I PETITION AND REPRESENTATION. 131 was made to understand, would quit that service if they could get home.— (See 98.) '•'I have the pleasure to assure your Lordship, through the whole of this tour I did not hear the least murmur of discon- tent, but a general satisfaction expressed at my coming among them ; and to judge from the temper and disposition I per- ceived in them, there is not the least apprehension of any far- ther commotions from the inhabitants on Long Island. All are industrious in bringing to market what provisions the island affords. 11 While on Long Island I gave certificates to near 300 men, who signed the declaration prescribed by the King's commis- sioners' proclamation of the 30th of November last. Large bodies of the people have already taken the benefit of the grace therein offered them. " The General has been pleased to give my Secretary. Col. Fanning, a warrant to raise a battalion of Provincials of 500 men. They are to be enlisted for the American service, and for the term of two years, or during the war, at the General's discretion. '-•Jan. 20. 1777. I have solicited Gen. Howe to give me 800 stand of arms for the loyal inhabitants of Queens county.* They were sent last week to Col. Ludlow, colonel of the militia, to distribute among the most faithful subjects. '-Feb. 11. 1777. The loyal inhabitants of Queens county received the 800 stand of arms distributed by the General's permission, with demonstrations of joy. and with a professed resolution to use them in defence of the island. ''- 1 am anxious that some grace from government may speedily be extended to this loyal quarter of the Province." * To replace those] carried off by Col. Heard, (see 38.) Tryon re- turned to town from raising Provincial forces on Long Island Dec. 15, 1776.— Ed. PART IV. ARMED OCCUPATION. NEWTOWN. 125. Some young Tories, one night, shortly after the British got possession of Newtown, sawed off the steeple of the Pres- byterian church — a trick they tried at Jamaica, also. Some years after the peace, when a tall steeple in New- York was to be cut off and lowered, there was inquiry made for a skilful mechanic to perform so critical an operation. " Oh," said Capt. Rutgers, " I know a person that will suit your purpose." " Who is it?" " Why, Dr. M." " Oh, he is only a Doctor." " No matter for that, only give him a hand-saw and a well-rope, and he'll have it off while you are asleep." The Presbyterian church was first used as a prison and guard-house, and the pews taken out. At length the building- was taken down and used for making huts on Renny's p> The pulpit pillar stood beside the town house as a horse rost. " To such base uses may we come at last !" The Presbyterians had no preaching here, but attended Mr. Burnet's church at Jamaica. After the peace they used the Dutch church once a fortnight, which does not appear to have been molested. 126. Soldiers lay in various parts of Newtown beside the town spot. Those at Dutch Kills lay in three tiers on the rising ground, east of A. Paynter's. They came in the summer, be- fore the evacuation. Their lines included a store, (now T. Paynter's,) from which they drank a hogshead of rum every three days. They would be fetching water nearly all day long from the spring below, an excellent one, being called St. George. Hessians were also billeted in houses at the Kills. Grena- diers, called Macaronis, from their neatness, also lay there. ARMED OCCUPATION. 133 There was an encampment at Train's meadow, in front of Wm. Leverich's, on Wm. Palmer's land, (since Shaw's.) Near by, in the woods of Alburtis, (now Penfold's,) were barrels sunk in the ground for the reception of stolen articles. There was a large encampment on land of Andries Bra- gaw, (since Morrison's,) south of the road to Dutch Kills. The huts on Bragaw's and J. Morrell's land were 50 feet long, and made rectangular, thus: ], and open to the south, so as to admit the sun's rays and keep off the north-west wind. The outside was sodded up to the roof, (which was thatched,) the inner wall was of square hewn logs ; in the centre was the parade. Some Hessians were hutted at D. S. Mills'. They had 40 or 50 huts dug in the side hill, sodded and covered with straw. They were the leavings of previous recruitings, and were puny little fellows, and died off in great numbers. In summer, the soldiers lay encamped in tents ; in winter, in huts, or else billeted in farmers' kitchens. Each family was allowed one fire-place, and the officers fixed the number of sol- diers to be billeted in each house, which was usually from 10 to 20. They had three tiers of hammocks, one above the other, ranged round the room, and made of boards stripped from some 3 or outbuilding. *27. Sept. 29, '77, Gaine. $5 reward. Strayed or stolen from Samuel Nottingham, near the landing at the Kills, a grey c horse. 12S. Jan. 21, '78, Riv. 20s. sterling reward. Deserted from Capt. Galbreath's company, [Delancy's 3d battalion,] at Newtown, Jan. 13, Enos Blakely, born in Conn. 129. Jan. 26, '78, Gaine. An officer's sash taken from a straggler by an officer of Gen. Delancy's corps, now stationed at Newtown. 130. Sept. 30, '78, Riv. The petition of the Loyal Refu- gees on Long Island to the King's Commissioners, is left for signature with Col. Kirkland, who will attend at Mr. Rapalje's, [Inn, since Howard's,] Newtown.* * Gen. Warren was quartered at the house (now D. S. Jones') at En- glish Kills ; Major Humphreys, at the Town House ; Col. Richmandt, a 7 134 ARMED OCCUPATION. German, at W. Leverich's ; Capt. Raymond, at D. V. Dyne's, (now D. S. Mills' ;) Major Tho's Barclay, at R. Berrian's, (now B. Denton's.) 131. Wanted, a Purser's Steward. Apply on Board the Grand Duke, off the Bowery, on L. I. Riv., Oct. 7, '78. 132. Oct. 19, '78, Game. The house of Joseph Hallet, near Newtown, was broken open on the night of Thursday last, by six persons, who took 10 guineas in a green purse, a gold and a silver watch. 133. Oct. 21, '78, Riv. Run away, a negro boy, &c. Any person who will bring him to the 17th regiment of dragoons, at Newtown, will receive 5 guineas reward. 134. Dec. 9, '78, Riv. "Whereas, the safety of the city and the preservation of the shipping, require the wharves to be kept clear ; all vessels intending to winter at New-York (not in service of government) are ordered to be removed to New- town Creek. 135. Jan. 13, '79, Riv. $5 reward. Deserted from the 42d regiment at Newtown, James Docharty, wagoner: had on a grey duffil coat, white waistcoat and red breeches ; also, John Steele, a negro, had on a short jacket, (private's uniform of 42d,) red waistcoat and brown trowsers. Owners of privateers and vessels are forewarned, &c. 136. Feb. 6, '79, Riv. Two guineas reward. Lost, between > the guard house of the 42d regiment [now D. S. Mills'] and Newtown, a Pinchbeck watch, to which was fixed a seal, two keys, and two padlock keys, with a green silk string. 137. Feb. 17, '79, Riv. $5 reward. Run away from Ber- nardus Bloom, a negro Jeff, &c. All masters of vessels and others are desired not to harbor him, but at their peril. 138. $10 reward. Run away from Caspar Springsteen, April 23, '79, Charles, a negro of yellowish cast, and plays on the fiddle. Masters of vessels are cautioned not to carry him off, on pain of prosecution. 139. Riv., May 1, '79. Address 'presented by the 'principal in- habitants of Newtown, to Lieut. Col. Sterling, on the morning before he left his winter quarters : The inhabitants of Newtown beg leave to make their hearty NEWTOWN. 135 and grateful acknowledgments to Col. Sterling, and the offi- cers of the 42d regiment,* for their very equitable, polite and friendly conduct during their winter stay among them : they will ever entertain an affectionate esteem and regard for them, and will never forget that they have been treated with all the justice and cordiality due to fellow subjects and citizens. They, at the same time, request the favor of Col. Sterling to return their sincere thanks to the regiment in general, for their regular, orderly and honorable behavior, so conformable to the true character of gentlemen and soldiers. They part with the 42d regiment with regret, and wish them glory and success. April 28, '79. John Shoals, Cha's Debevoice, John Suydam, John Moore, Jr. Rich'd Alsop, Wm. Van Dyne, James Moore, Tho's Betts, Meneus Van Dyne, Sam'l Moore, Sr. John Way, Ja's Marr, David Titus, George Rapalje, Dow Van Dyne, Jacob Moore, John Rapalje, Ort Van Dyne, Sam'l Moore, 3d. Bernard us Rapalje, Sam'l Waldron, Hend'k BrinckerhofF, Tho's Woodward, W. McKean, George BrinckerhofF, Mordecai Lester, Bernardus Bloom, Dan'l Rapalje, Jacob Lester, Joseph Ford, Martin Rapa'je, Simon Flaglor, Simon Bloom, Joseph Lawrence, Gilbert Lester, Wm. Waynman, John Moore, Ab'm J. Rapalye, Andrew Bay, David Moore, Sam'l Wainwright, Ab*m BrinckerhofF, Benj. Cornish, Rich'd Morrell, Jeronemus Rapalje, Sam'l Moore, Jr. Gilbert Ketchum, Tho's Lawrence, John Leverich, Ja's Morrell, Oliver Waters, Sam'l Leverich, Tho's Hunt, Joseph Burroughs, Jacob Palmer, Ja's Bonney, Wm. Bailey, Dan'l Rapalje, Alex. Roxburgh, Jona. W. Furman, John Curtis, Rob't Boyle, Jacob Cosine, Wm. Sackett, John T. Waters, Jacobus Ricker, Nath'l Woodward, Nath. Hunt, Nath'l Moore, ' John Morrell, Jona. Morrell, Cor's Rapalje, George BrinckerhofF, Ab'm Morrell, Sr. Nath'l Moore, Jr. John Bragaw, Ab'm Morrell, Jr. Jacob Lent, Andrew Bragaw, Jos. Denton, Garret Leighster, Geo. BrinckerhofF, Jr. Jeromus Remsen, Ab'm Lent, 136 ARMED OCCUPATION. Ab'm Polhemus, Jeremiah Remsen, Dan'l Leighster, Ab'm Polhemus, Jr. James Harper, Ab'm Benham, Geo. Debevoiee, Rob't Dixon, Ja's Way. — 93. Col. S. replies, May 1, from on board the Nestor, trans- port. * Holt, March 1, '79. Thursday last, Elizabethtown was attacked by 1000 men from Long Island, part of the 42d and 33d regiments, com manded by Lt. Col. Sterling. [They marched through Newark Mead- ows to their middle in the mud. — Ed.] 140. Riv., July 16, '79. Deserted, from the horse depart- ment of the Royal artillery, from his command at Newtown, Richard Van Hausen, believed to have gone on board some privateer, or concealed for that purpose. 141. July 3, '79, Riv. On Tuesday last, a party of refu- gees from Long Island crossed to West Chester, and brought off, with the assistance of the guard ship below City Island, 50 milch cows, 12 or 14 horses, and 150 sheep, which they drove to Ja- maica Plains. None of the party received any injury.* [* One morning, as the owner of a fine meadow arose, she found 15 horses turned in it to graze, which had been stolen from the Main. The British also crossed to the Main in the hard winter of 1780, and made the farmers bring over their hay on the ice to Long Island. — Ed] 142. Aug. 23, '79, Gaine. Grammar school at Newtown. Thomas Lambert Moore is willing to perfect a few young gen- tlemen (in addition to those already with him) in English, Greek and Latin. They can board in good families on easy terms. References : Isaac Wilkins, Esq., Newtown, and Rev. Mr. Moore, New- York. 143. Sept. 5, '79, Gaine. $8 reward and no questions asked. Stolen or strayed, Aug. 12, out of Gen. [?] Grant's pasture, Fresh Ponds, a beaver colored horse, the property of Captain Grey, of the King's American regiment, [or Farming's corps.] AB'M RAPALJE, Bushwick, AB'M RAPALJE, Newtown. 144. May 20, '80, Riv. Two guineas reward. Stolen or strayed from the light infantry camp, Hellgate, a brown mare, nag tail, &c. Capt. COOTE, 37th Light Company. WE WTO WW. 137 145. Sept. 13, '80, Riv. Deserted from the horse depart- ment of the Royal artillery, from the Newtown district, D. McCarty ; had on a blue jacket with red collar, round hat, &c. 146. Dec. 14. '80. Riv. The Hussar frigate was lately lost in Hellgate, and several of her crew drowned. Salvage paid for stores saved. [She run on the Pot Rock, and was supposed to have on board pay for the British army. Some years ago fruitless efforts were made to fish up the lost treasure. — Ed.] 147. March 10, '81, Riv. One Strickland, of Newtown, Long Island, an artificer, following the rebel army, was taken up at Bergen Point and put in the Provost, charged with being a spy, and the one appointed to murder Andre. 148. April 9, '81, Gaine. A Negro man to be sold at public vendue, by Tho's Brooke, at Newtown; also, 2 Negfo boys: one 10, and the other 12 years old. 149. June 10, '81, Gaine. Two rebel whaleboats, com- manded by Blacker and Jones, appeared off Baron, formerly Bahana's Island, but on seeing a signal of their appearance made to Mr. Dun, of the garrison battalion on Long Island, they thought proper to steer off. The guards* and Royal refugees, Henry Fowler, John Un- derbill, Moses Miller, and Gabriel Lynch, who turned out, be- gan a fire, and R. Cunningham, Inspector. Baron Island, sa- luted them with two swivels. A serjeant and six privates belonging to Col. Linsing's re- giment of grenadiers, and the refugees on Baron Island, have Mr. Cunningham's thanks for their alertness on the above oc- casion. [* Guards were also kept at Col. Lawrence's Point and Bowery Bay. The sentinels were now and then picked off by shot from the Main. — Ed.] 150. Riv.. Sept. 5, '81. $5 reward. Run away from Capt. Charles Grant, of 42d or Royal Highland regiment of foot, at Newtown, a negro man, Tom. Masters of vessels and others are forewarned to harbor him. 151. Oct. 6, '81. Riv. $2 reward. Run away from Major James Grant, of the King's American regiment, a negro boy, 138 ARMED OCCUPATION. Bristol, pretty black, and his wool short. Masters of vessels are forewarned to conceal him. 152. Oct. 17, '81, Riv. Lt. W. Barry, of the Royal Forres- ters, died of a violent fever. His remains were interred at Hallet's Cove, with the honors of war. 153. Peter Fitzsimmons, merchant in Newtown, has opened a tavern at the house of widow Betts, at Hallet's Cove ferry. He also has the ferry on the opposite side at Horn's Hook, and keeps horse-boats, and small boats for passengers, and is now making a large yard for horned cattle. Ferriage, for man and horse, 2s., horse and chair, 4s., cattle, 2s., passengers, Is. — Riv. May S, 'S2. 154. Newtoum, Aug. 8, 'S2. One guinea reward. Run away a negro. Adam, who wore an officer's old red coat faced with white, and a gold basket button. Masters of vessels are forbid harboring him. GARRET LUYSTER. 155. Riv., Nov. 30, '82. Five guineas reward. Run away from Wm. Garden, Newtown, a likely young Guinea negro fellow, Nero, who had on a blue frieze shooting-jacket (had four slack pockets) and an old flapped hat. 156. Jan. 8, '83, Riv. Two guineas reward. On Wednes- day evening, Dec. 25, a sleigh was stopped by two men, sup- posed to be soldiers, on the road between the widow Burtis's and Dan'l Rapalje's, and the persons in it robbed of their money and a silver watch. GEO. RAP ALYE, Capt. Q. Co. Militia. 157. Fifty guineas reward will be paid to any one who ap- prehends the thieves who robbed the house of Jacob Bennet, at the entrance of Newtown creek, April 2, by Geo. Hunter. N. B. One of them is already taken up and confined in the Main Guard.*— Riv. Ap. 5, 'S3. [* As Jacob Bennet, who lived on the hill at Domine's Hook, was rowing homeward from market, his negro observed a strange boat on the shore near the house, and said to his master, " There must be robbers at our house ; let's scuttle the boat." No sooner said than done. As they drew near the house, the rohbers (who had already tied up the aged father, and forced him to show his money) came out and ordered them to land, or they would be fired on. Disregarding the threat, Bennet put about for NEWTOWN. 139 the Bushwick shore and gave the alarm. The robbers now fled to their boats to escape, but as they put off she filled. They then made for the meadows and hid in the hedge £1,000 they had taken, being the property of B. and his son-in-law, Capt. Hunter. The robbers were refugees. — Ed.] John Meserole, at Green's Point, (a great churchman, called by way of distinction, " Domine John,"; was near being robbed, &c. The old lady sat on the chest where the money was put ; and before the robbers could gather up their plunder, a lad escaped, spread the alarm, and the robbers decamped. 158. Ap. 28, '83. At vendue, the plantation of Capt. Van- dyne, of two hundred acres, at Hempstead Swamp, one mile south of Newtown, [D. S. Mills'] also stock, farming utensils, &c. 159. June 24, '83, Gaine. The anniversary of St. John Baptist will be celebrated at Newtown by the Friendly Brothers of St. George, Lodge No. 2, who are to meet at Mr. Rapalje's tavern, at 10 o'clock ; then proceed in procession to the church, where a sermon will be preached. An elegant dinner on the table at 4. W. SORREL, See. 160. July 15, '83. To be sold the farm of Peter Berton, at the Queens Head tavern, Newtown Landing. 161. Riv., Aug. 6, '83. All persons having demands against Jacob Russell, gunsmith, a deserter from the Hessian Reg. de KnobleCuch. are desired to bring them before the court-martial in the Camps near Newtown. PLUMQUE, Judge Advocate. DePORBECK, Col. Com. 162. Stolen, Wednesday night, Oct. 15, '83, from the widow of Major Jas. Grant, late of the King's Amer. Reg., living at Fresh Ponds, a horse, &c. — Riv. 163. £5 reward. Run away, Kate, born in the family of Jacob Bennet, wears her hair very high and straight up, over a roll, with a great deal of pomatum ; a great talker ; took a calico short-gown, with figures of horses, carriages and sol- diers in blue and yellow colors, particularly a row of soldiers round the bottom of it. and several caps with long ears. — Riv., Nov. '83. 164. Thos. Woodward (now Viator's) heard a noise among 140 ARMED OCCUPATION. his fowls in the trees back of his house. He tracked a fellow in the snow and fired at a venture. The next morning a sol- dier was found dead, a short distance from the house, with a fowl in his bosom. Woodward kept out of the way a few days, and was never called to account. 165. Wm. Furman, at the head of the Fly, (now Ab'r Rhoades',) was an executor of Coe's estate, and supposed to be in possession of a large sum of money. He was robbed of $1,600 and badly beaten (as he lay in bed, where he was ordered to remain) to force him to make further disclosures. When he ran to a neighbor's to spread the alarm, he was covered with blood. The robbers were refugees, and were detected at Brooklyn ferry from the peculiarity of the coin. Mr. Furman appeared before the British authorities at New- York and identified some of the pieces, yet none of the money was ever restored. After the peace he was sued by the heirs of Coe, and acquitted in the Court of Errors. 166. One night, a little before the peace, Thos. Cumberson was awakened by a knocking at his door by some persons, who asked the way to Hallet's Cove. They then wanted to come in and get something to eat. This he refused, as the hour was unseasonable. They affected to go off satisfied. But, sus- pecting they might return again, Cumberson dressed himself, and stood his loaded gun by his bed. In a short time, without notice, his front door was forced open by a stone as large as a man could well manage. The robbers then rushed in upon him, and one cried out, " Now, you rascal, we've got you." He fired instantly and lodged the load in the fellow's abdomen, and sung out, as to a friend present, " Hand the other gun, or fire yourself." Thereupon, all three decamped. The wounded man essayed to mount his horse, but failed. He, however, snapped his pistol at Cumberson, who had followed him out of doors, and was looking on. Finally he begged to be led into the house. C. told him he had been in once. " Yes, to my sorrow," said the wounded man, throwing down his pistol and falling on the ground. He at first refused to give up the names of his associates ; but on being told by the British surgeon that he had but a short time to live, he confessed all. His name FLUSHING. 141 was Michael Hogans. Three of them had deserted from the British camp at Flatbush and come over to the English Kills, where they broke open the King's stables and stole three wa- goner's horses. His two accomplices, Docharty and Lyons, rode off to Hallet's Cove, where stealing a boat, they crossed the river, and were never heard of afterwards. The wounded man died eight hours after in great agony, and was sewed up in a blanket of Mrs. C's, and buried in the woods east of the house. 167. Cor. Rapalje, who lived on the cross-roads from Dutch Kills to the Bowery, (since Purdy's,) heard a noise among his cattle. He took a gun and his negro a hatchet, and killed a soldier. H. Furman had a heifer stolen, and found her fifty yards off, her hind quarters cut out, the rest left. Aaron, his son, lost some ducks, but on complaining and pointing out the thief, he was punished. Robbers could be told by marks on their but- tons or caps. J. Remsen, one and a half miles south of Newtown, hearing some soldiers in his cow-yard, fired and put shot into three of them. Wm. Howard had his cows penned up before his house, bars wedged, front door open, and a person sitting up all night to watch, yet they were stolen. A by-word among the British was, " You are punished, not for stealing, but for being found out." Corn and potatoes (when soldiers lay near) were often watched at night. Potatoes sometimes sold at 18s. and half a guinea per bushel ; butter, 8 and 10s. per lb. ; beef, Is. 6d. ; turkeys, half a guinea a piece. Much provision (such as flour, pease, butter, oats, meat) came from England and Ireland. FLUSHING. 168. Friends' meeting-house was used successively as a prison, hospital, and hay magazine. When the British officer first went to take possession, Friends were in silent meeting. He put his head in the door, but seeing them sit so quiet and demure, he withdrew till shaking hands was over. During 7 # 142 ARMED OCCUPATION. the rest of the war, Friends met in barns and private houses. West of the meeting-house was a hospital, where the small- pox raged dreadfully. South was the parade. No fences were to be seen : all had been torn down for fuel. The guard- house knocked up for the purpose, was west of Aspinwall's, now Dr. Bloodgood's. " When the British first entered Flush- ing, they set a guard over Prince's nursery.* But as there was no sale for trees, fine cherry trees were cut down for hoop- poles. The trees grew to a large size, and the nursery was much neglected." On the high ground, where the old Methodist meeting-house now stands, was the alarm-pole. This was wound round with straw (so as to be easily fired) and surmounted with a tar- barrel, and was one of a series of beacons to transmit the alarm to Jamaica, where most of the British troops lay, in case the Americans or their French allies should land on Long Island. For sport, the officers would play at fives against the side of the meeting-house. "A long and moderate war," was their standing toast. The common soldiers would roll an eighteen or twenty-four pound ball in nine holes ; or tied up in a sack, the head only visible, a half-dozen would run for a wager. Others would find more congenial amusement in a trial at making wry faces, the prize being a quantity of tobacco. A still lower order of amusement was, soaping a pig's tail, the pig being the property of the lucky fellow that could hold him thereby. The punishments were "picketing" for the horsemen. A pointed stake was driven into the ground. On this the of- fender stood barefoot, with one hand tied at arm's length to a tree overhead, the other hand and foot bound together. Others run the gauntlet between two rows of soldiers, each having a birch whip, or were paid off with the cat. * Thompson, II. 85. 169. Feb. 17, '77, Gaine. Sutler wanted for his Ex. Gov. Brown's corps, who understands his business. Very great en- couragement will be given on applying to the quarter master at Flushing. 170. Mar. 3, '77, Gaine. The Royal and Hon. Brigade of FLUSHING. 143 the Prince of Wales's Loyal Amer. Volunteers quartered at the famous and plentiful town of Flushing. Recruits taken also at Wm. Betts', sign of the Gen. Amherst, Jamaica. £5 bounty and 100 acres of land on the Mississippi, for 3 years, or during the rebellion. Present pay and free quarters. Cloth- ing, arms and accoutrements supplied. Bringers will receive $2. God save the King ! [Twenty in a drove would come from New England to enlist in Brown's corps. — Ed.'] 171. Sept. 29, '77, Holt. Two men detected in transporting tories [recruits?] from Killingworth to Long Island, near Flushing, were sent to jail to New London. 172. Stolen from Isaac Underhill, of Flushing, a sorrel horse, &c, Oct. 29, '77. 173. Jan. 26, '78 ; Gaine. Married at Flushing, Beverly Robinson, Jr., Esq., Lt. Col. of the Loyal Amer. Reg., to the amiable and accomplished Miss Nancy Barclay. 174. Sutler wanted for the 1st Bat. of Gen. Delancey's Brigade, who is capable of furnishing a large mess. Apply to the gentlemen of the Reg., at the Camp, head of Flushing Fly.—Riv., Jan. 17, '78. 175. Aug. 10, '78, Holt. Fishkili, Aug. 6. A gentleman who left Flushing last Lord's Day, says there were 12,000 about New- York. Bread was very scarce, pease and oat- meal being served out instead. Commissary's rations en- tirely stopped. Soldiers' wives* allowed quarter instead of half rations. Two vessels from Cork brought 1,000 barrels provisions. The Long Island people were selling off their small cattle and poultry, as they were daily robbed of them by the soldiery. Our friends on the island, since the battle of Monmouth, are in high spirits, and the formerly active tories now begin to hang their heads and cry peccavi. [* A certain number of soldiers in each regiment was allowed to bring their wives with them, called " washerwomen," — often common prostitutes. — Ed.] 176. Sep. 5, '78, Riv. Stolen, strayed, or driven away by mis- take with the army, from the head of the Fly, Aug. 27, a mouse- 144 ARMED OCCUPATION. • colored mare, with hog mane and bush tail ; also a red cow, the property of Capt. Darby, 17th Reg. of Foot. Whoever will give information of the above at the Head Inn, Jamaica, or widow Waters, head of the Fly, shall be handsomely re- warded. 177. Sep. 23, '78, Riv. Four guineas reward, and no ques- tions. A cow was stolen, Aug. 27, from the place of embark- ation at White Stone, belonging to the 64th Reg., now at Bed- ford camp. 178. Oct. 10, '78, Riv. Strayed, from the encampment of Maryland Loyalists* at Yellow Hook, July 20, a very likely roan mare. Any person bringing her to the Reg., now lying at the head of Flushing Fly, will receive two guineas reward. [* Wrecked in the Bay of Fundy, on their voyage to Nova Scotia, Oct. J 83,and many lives lost. — Ed.] 179. Oct. 31. '78, Riv. Stolen or strayed, a bay mare, branded G. under the mane. Whoever will deliver her to Obadiah Leech, at D. Bowne's, Pigeon Meadow, three and a half miles east of Flushing, shall have $4 reward. 180. July 3, '79, Riv. Edmund Fanning, Col. of the Asso- ciated Refugees, on board the Diana transport at Whitestone, received a letter from Edward Winslow, Lt. Col. Commandant of the Associated Refugees on board the Royal Charlotte, Huntington Harbor, that " he with Col. Upham had attacked Norwalk, and stretched along Connecticut shore, occasioning new troubles to our enemies." 181. July 14, '79, Riv. Five guineas reward. Stolen, last Friday, from near the house at the west side of the Watering Place at Whitestone, a MARQUEE, marked Col. McLean's Reg. [82d.] 182. Jan. 5, '80, Riv. On Christmas eve, the house of Col. Hamilton [since H. Mitchell's] at Flushing, was burnt to the ground with every thing therein — elegant furniture, stock of provisions, various sorts of wines, spirits intended for the regale of his numerous friends, the military and other gentlemen of the neighborhood, at this convivial season. A cask of cartridges and some gunpowder for the militia, were in the garret, which prevented the exertions that would otherwise have been made. FLUSHING. 145 183. Jan. 17, '80, Riv. Died of consumption, aged 23, in Mr.Vanderbelt's house,* Flushing, the Hon. Mrs. Napier, lady of the Hon. Capt. N., 80th Grenadiers, now on the expedition. Her remains were deposited in the Colden vault, Spring Hill, [now Judge Strong's,] attended by the officers of the 22d, 38th and 80th Reg's. Her two daughters are under the care of Col. A. Hamilton. [* In 1789, the house of John Vanderbelt, with the records of the town of Flushing, were burnt. The incendiary, a black girl, was hung. — Ed.] 184. Mar. 1, '80. The Grand Duke was a guard ship at City Island a fortnight ago. — Con. Gaz. 185. June 10, '80, Riv. £6 reward. Stolen, May 26, a sor- rel mare, &c, out of the pasture of Edmund Pinfold. 186. July 19, '80. Simcoe crossed the Sound to Flushing, on his way to Huntington. — (See 205.) 187. Strayed from the camp of the guards at White Stone, Aug. 16, '80, an iron-grey gelding. Gaine, Aug. 28. 188. Aug. 18, '80. Con. Gaz. There are 9.000 troops at White Stone and Westchester. 189. Sept. 15, '80. Con. Gaz. By a gentleman from Long Island we are informed the main army of the British lay at Flushing, from White Stone to Jamaica, two regiments of Hessians at Jamaica, and the light infantry at Huntington : provisions very scarce, especially salt, and it was very sickly. 193. Riv., Oct. 11, '80. Five guineas reward. Stolen or strayed, Oct. 5, from the farm of Daniel Bowne, now occupied by Col. Isaac Corsa,* a light bay gelding, dec. *Col. Corsa essentially contributed to the capture of Fort Frontenac, now Kingston, Aug 27, 1758. He volunteered with his Long Island men to erect a battery ~n the night of Aug. 26, in the midst of the ene- my's fire, which opening in the morning, cannonaded the fort and pro- duced the surrender. The Col. received a slight wound. In the first detachment of 440 men was Capt. Daniel Wright, of Queens. In the second detachment, of 668 men, was " Lieut. Col. Isaac Corsa, of Queens, Maj. Nathaniel Woodhull, of Suffolk, and Capt. Richard Hewlett, of Queens." Why has not justice been done to the services rendered by Queens county in the old French war ? — Ed. 146 ARMED OCCUPATION. 191. Nov. 27, '80. Gaine. To be sold, a healthy negro man and woman, neither in the least infatuated with a desire of obtaining freedom by flight, which so unhappily reigns through- out the generality of slaves at present. David Colden, Esq., Flushing. 192. Feb. 3, '81, Riv. Stolen, strayed, or taken up by an impress warrant, when the troops moved from Flushing, a bay mare, &c. Whoever brings her to John Rodman's house, Bay Side, shall have $2 reward from John Thurman. 193. March 20, '81. Three companies of regular troops on Long Island. The forts on the north garrisoned by militia.* * There was a small fort at White Stone, east of the creek, at Bo- gart's Point, on a steep bank. Boats were overhauled here. The militia from Jamaica went over in squads of six or eight, and stood guard a fortnight or so, when they were relieved by others. The sentries suffered from the cold, as no fire was allowed in the fort, on account of the pow- t der stored there. After the officer had gone the rounds, the sentinels would sometimes quit their post and repair to a neighboring tavern. Stephen Higbie, sergeant, went with a guard to White Stone. He had left his post to warm and smoke in the tavern, when Col. Hamilton sud- denly came in, and knocking the pipe out of Higbie's mouth, and point- ing a pistol at his breast, cried out, " Are you a d— d old Presbyterian or not?" " No." " 'Tis well you said no, or I'd a blown your brains out. Now I've some hopes of you." — Ed. 194. April 9, '81, Gaine. A few nights ago some whale boats from New Rochelle came over to Flushing Bayside and plundered several houses : among the rest, that of Mr. John Thurman, merchant of this city. 195. A. Hamilton, Col. Commandant of Queens county militia, and Aid-de-Camp to m his Excellency Gen. Robertson, in the name of the gentleman, the farmer, and of every indi- vidual of Flushing, thanks Lieut. Col. Loewenstein, of the 3d battalion Hessian Grenadiers, for the protection of their pro- perty ; and wish the corps every success, honor and happiness. Innerwick, April 29, 1781. 196. May 21, '81. J. Holroyd thanks the gentlemen of the army and navy, and informs them that he has opened the Queen's Head, at Flushing. FLUSHING. , 147 197. June 20, '81, Riv. Thomas Hicks [Little Neck] a fortnight ago was robbed of law books, and very considerable property: and several whale boats were lately in Flushing Bay. 198. July 23, '81. Washington went on Frog's Neck to see what communication could be had with Long Island. The engineers attended with their instruments, to measure the dis- tance across. A few harmless shot were fired [from the fort at White Stone 1]— Sparks, viii, 112. 199. Aug. 13, '81, Gaine. Thursday night eight rebel whale boats made their appearance at Bayside, and some of them landed a few men. But as they did not like the appearance of things, the country being very soon alarmed, they did no harm, speedily re-embarked and made the best of their way to the rebel shore. They carried off nothing, and said they only wanted a few prisoners. 200. April 20, '82, Riv. 150 guineas reward. On the night of Ap'l 11a most wicked and flagitious murder was committed at the widow Talman's house, at the mill, four miles east of Flush- ing, [now J. P. Carll's,] by several people armed with pistols and bludgeons, and their faces blacked, on James Hedger. Wearing apparel in large quantities, £200 in specie, and silver plate, were carried off. Any accomplice except the one who fired the shot that slew the innocent, will be pardoned (if he give evidence) and receive 100 guineas reward from A. Ham- ilton, Col. Commandant of Q,ueens county, at Innerwick. Whoever will discover any part of the goods in the posses- sion of any person, shall receive 50 guineas, and the informer's name concealed, if desired.* * Hedger, a miller and sportsman, was twice engaged with robbers. The first time, he heard a noise and found two men choking his sister. They left her and fell foul of him, beating him on the head with their pistols. He disengaged himself and ran in a back room for his gun. Thinking he meant to escape, they ran around to the back door ; but Hedger was too bold for that. He stood ready with his gun, and as they returned and were entering the front door he fired — it was moonlight. The foremost was wounded in the throat, and fell dead in the doorway. The other ran off, having his face spotted with shot, and left their horses 148 ARMED OCCUPATION. in an adjoining swamp, where they were discovered three days after, tied to a tree. He was subsequently detected at Southhold, and received one thousand lashes, save one. The body of the dead man (Silby, of the 60th regiment, others say one of the 17th dragoons) was hung in an iron frame on a gibbet, on the Plains north of Hempstead, and his regi- ment paraded before it. The creaking of the iron, as it swung to and fro by the wind, would often alarm the nightly traveller. The second time, April 11, 1782, Hedger heard a noise and opened the door to call his dog, but as he was shutting it the robbers fired and lodged a ball in his body. He ran for his gun, but dropped dead in the middle of the room. Nothing was heard of the robbers for some time, when a soldier, Perrot, being under guard for some offence, expressed an anxious desire to have a few words with his commanding officer. He then made a full disclosure of the robbery and murder. His five accom- plices suspecting what was going on, fled instantly ; but three of them were detected at Lloyd's Neck. They were grenadiers of the 38th and 54th regiments, then lying at Flushing, and were brought in irons to the camp, on Charles Cornell's land, Flushing, so fatigued with the heat and journey that their tongues lolled out as they lay down, while their con- ductor went for a pail of grog. They were tried at Bedford, whither the regiments had removed, and two, Tench and Porter, hung on a chesnut tree on land late of Francis Skillman. Cunningham and his mulatto were the executioners. The criminals, dressed in white, mounted a ladder, and so both swung off on one branch. — Ed. 201. May 1, '82, Riv. Address presented to Lieut. Col. A. Bruce, of the 54th regiment, commanding the 38th and 54th in their winter quarters, at Flushing. Impelled by a recollection of the quiet and security we have enjoyed during your residence in this town, permit us to make a public acknowledgment of your vigilant attention, and of the honor and politeness of your officers ; and of the orderly and decent behavior of the soldiers of the 38th and 54th regiment, under your command in this district. When we declare, sir, that throughout the winter no occa- sion has been given for murmuring or complaints ; that an exemplary conformity to orders and regulations has been observed both by officers and soldiers, we testify a fact that has given us the most lively impression of the honor of the regi- FLUSHING. 149 ment, and of your attention to the interests of government and his Majesty's service. Signed by forty-seven respectable inhabitants of Flushing, April 27.* * Lieut. Col. Bruce replies, April 30, from his quarters at Bedford, that he has merely fulfilled the wish of his sovereign and the orders of his commander-in-chief. — Ed. 202. July 3, '82. Riv. Five guineas reward. A grey mare stolen or strayed from the grenadier camp, on Ireland Heights, near Flushing. 1st battalion British grenadiers. 203. Aug. 7, '82. Riv. Presentation of colors, Thursday, Aug. 1, to the King's Am. Dragoons, under Col. Benj. Thomp- son, [afterwards Count Rumford, see Thompson i., 478,] at camp, about three miles east of Flushing, [on land of A. Fish, now James Lawrence,] consisting of four complete troops mounted, and two dismounted. The regiment was formed on advantageous ground in front of the encampment, having a gentle declivity to the south, with two pieces of light artillery on the right. About sixty yards in front of the regiment was a canopy twenty feet high, supported by ten pillars. East of which was a semicircular bower for the accommodation of spectators. The standards were planted under the canopy. At one o'clock the Prince,* with Admiral Digby, Gen. Birch, Hon. Lieut. Col. Fox, of 38th, and Lieut. Col. Small, of 84th, and other officers of distinction, came on the ground and received the usual salutes, (the trumpets sounding and the music playing "God save the King.") and posted them- selves in the canopy. The regiment passed in review before the Prince, performing marching salutes. They then returned, dismounted and formed in a semicircle in front of the canopy. Their chaplain, the Rev. Mr. Odell, delivered an appropriate address. After which the whole regiment, officers and men, kneeled and laid their helmets and arms on the ground, held up their right hands, and took a most solemn oath of allegiance to their sovereign and fidelity to their standard, the whole re- peating the oath together. The chaplain then pronounced a solemn benediction. The regiment rose and returned to their ground and fired a royal salute. They then mounted and 150 ARMED OCCUPATION. saluted the standard together. As soon as the consecrating and saluting the standard was over, the Prince came forward to the centre of the regiment, received the colors from Admiral Digby, and presented them with his own hand to Lieut. Col. Thompson, who delivered them to the eldest cornets. On a given signal, the whole regiment, with all the numerous spec- tators, gave three shouts, the music played " God save the King," the artillery fired a royal salute, and the ceremony was ended. | * His Royal Highness, Prince William Henry, their Majesties' third son, aged 18, since King Wm. IV., entered on board the Prince George, under .Admiral Digby, in order to qualify himself to rank in the Royal Navy. He also visited Lloyd's Neck. — Ed. t On this occasion an ox was roasted whole. He was spitted on a hickory sapling, twelve feet long, supported on crotches, and turned by handspikes. An attendant dipped a swab in a tub of salt and water to baste the ox and moderate the fire. Each soldier then sliced off for him- self a piece of the ill-cooked beef. — Ed. 204. Some of Fanning's men got in the house of Wiilet Bowne and tied him with a bedcord to the bedpost, and then held a candle under the ends of his fingers, to torture him into a disclosure where his money was hid 5 but he continued inflexible. 205. Wm. Glean, on the east road from Jamaica to Flushing, (now W. H. Woolley's,) had eight or ten cattle stolen one winter. One night his safeguard heard a noise, and firing at a venture, killed a Hessian. The house of B. Areson, at Fresh Meadows, was robbed. One of Simcoe's men came there by day and asked for cider, and while the old gentleman went to draw it, he surveyed the premises, stole $10 from a cupboard, and returning at night, he carried off effects to the value of $100. They beat Mr. A. severely, led B. Nostrand and his father out by the well and held them there till the house was rifled, when they thrust them in and shut the door. Three of the soldiers returning for some booty they had concealed in the woods, were discovered, and complaint was made to Col. Simcoe, but no satisfaction ob- tained. JAMAICA. 151 B. Areson had a new house, not yet finished. It and his barn were torn down by the Jagers for barracks, who lay one winter at Frame's. The Hessians also lay at Bowne's, and had huts back of W. Lawrence's, now S. Pierson's. They would give the driver of an impressed wagon a dram or " schnapps," and a crust of bread to eat with it. The Hessians were inveterate smokers and coffee drinkers. There were soldiers billeted along the Black Stump road. Ryerson's Inn was a famous stopping-place for the soldiers quartered on Long Island when going or returning from their expeditions. 206. Feb. 7, 83, Riv. Bob, a negro, was put in the Provost for assaulting Mr. Jackson, of Delancey's 3d Bat, at Flushing.* * iVIay, '83, Col. Robinson's corps was at the Fly. — Ed. 207. For sale a black stallion, to be seen at the quarters of Capt. Millet, 34th Reg., at Flushing.— Riv., June 7, '83. 208. June 25, '83, Riv. All persons are forewarned to trust my wife Mary, now living at Bedford, West Chester county. STEPHEN SMITH, Sergeant in the King^s Amer. Reg., head of Flushing Fly. 209. Riv., July 3, '83. $8 reward. Stolen or strayed from the pasture of widow Suydam, near Flushing, a bay mare. Capt. JOSEPH THORNE, Brooklyn. JOHN VOORHIES, Flushing. 210. July 19, '83, Riv. Any persons having demands against the late Lt. Steadman, 64th Reg., are desired to send in their accounts to Lt. Hutchinson, of the 64th Grenadiers, near Flushing. 211. Ten guineas reward. Stolen from David Haviland and Robert Lawrence, thirty-four sheep, supposed to be put on board some boat from Ab'm Lawrence's Point, where they left a small pen standing, after catching them. Flushing, Aug. 4, '83, at night. JAMAICA. 212. Soon after the British were established in Jamaica, a parcel of loyalists perched themselves in the belfry of the Pres- 15*2 ARMED OCCUPATION. byterian church, and commenced sawing off the steeple. Word was brought to the pastor, the Rev. Mr. Burnet. Whithead Hicks. Mayor of New- York, happened to be at his house, and as Burnet was a loyalist, soon put a stop to the outrage. Mr. Burnet (who had married an Episcopalian) was the only Presby- terian minister in the county reputed to be a friend to government, and was therefore allowed to preach here during the whole war. Al- though he saved the church from desecration yet after the peace, party spirit ran so high that he was forced to leave. The Highlanders- attended his church, and sat by themselves in the galleries. Some had their wives with them, and several children were baptized. Once when the sexton had neglected to provide water, and was about to go for it, the thoughtful mother called him back and drew a bottle of it from her pocket. 213. The Dutch church was used as a storehouse. The pulpit was left, but the pews and floor were taken out and used for building huts and barracks tor the soldiers. Here, e very- Sunday, wagons repaired, not to carry devout worshippers, but blaspheming soldiers to get their weekly allowance of pork, rum, flour, pease, &e. ; tor Sunday was the chosen day for all extra duties. The Dutch occasionally worshipped by permission in the Episcopal church,* Domine Rubell or Schoonmaker. at distant intervals, making the tour of the county for that, purpose, and marrying and baptizing all who were ready.f The alms' chest was buried in a sheep-pen and covered with litter, by I. Doxey. *The rector, Rev. J. Bloomer, also preached at Newtown and Flushing. t When the services of a domine could not be procured, the Dutch went to gebcJt, where they sang, read prayers and a sermon. When Domine Rubell preached, his loyalty was evinced by the fervency of his prayers for " King George III., Queen Charlotte, the Princes and Princesses of the Royal Family, and the Upper and Lower Houses of Parliament.'' If the minister omitted this prayer, he could hardly de- scend the pulpit before receiving a reprimand from some one of his hearers. Dominie Froeleigh, pastor of the Dutch church, had been an ardent whig, and in his public ministrations often prayed the Almighty to strike the fleets of our invaders with his bolts, and sink their soldiers JAMAICA. 153 in the seas, so that they might never set hostile foot on our shores. Be- fore the British came to Jamaica, he had fled to Newtown, and lay con- cealed one night in the house of Mr. Rapalje at Hell-Gate, who set him across to the Main. He never returned, though a call was sent to him after the peace. The Dutch parsonage house opposite the Rev. Dr. Schoonmaker's, was occupied by the Rev. Mr. Bowden. 214. After the British had possession of Long Island. Oliver Delancey. the elder, reputed the most likely person to induce the loyalists to join the King's troops, who had been appointed by Howe brigadier general of the southern colony of New- York, established his quarters at Jamaica, first at the parson- age-house of the Rev. Mr. Burnet, and afterwards at the house of Waters Smith, (now J. Simonson's,) where, it is supposed, continued during the war. 215. Jamaica was occupied by soldiers during the whole war. especially in winter, when the soldiers cantoned here after their summer expeditions. On the side hill, north of the vil- lage, were several rows of huts, extending a mile or so east and west, with streets between. The huts were partly sunk in the earth, with a rude stone fire-place and chimney of sticks and mortar, covered with thatch, sedge, reeds, or sods, laid over boards. Boards were in such demand that the old county hall (now Herriman's Rowj and other buildings were torn down for building materials. Rails also were used for fuel and huts, till not a length of fence was left in the village ; and even the farmers around, took up their fence in the fall and reset it in the sprii Officers were quartered at Justice Smith's, (now P. P. Larre- more : s.j and at Justice French's, (now W. NichoPs.) A guard of Jamaica militia (say six) stood here (;Yfry night to prevent their being carried off. All wagons to and from New-York were examined. G. J. was going to market one night, and the noise of his wagon prevented his hearing the challenge of the sentinel till he felt the bayonet between his ribs. The parade was between the huts and the village. The hospital at one time was in the huts. Here, great mortality prevailed, and the dead were interred so carelessly that after the peace their bones were seen above ground and were again covered. The police was at the house now J. D. P. Ogden's. 154 ARMED OCCUPATION. The wood yard, north of Dr. Shelton's, was enclosed with a high picketed fence. Before the war the hills were covered with heavy timber, but at the peace all were bare. * Con. Gaz.,July 18, '83. A person from Staten Island says there is scarcely a panel of fence left there ; and others say it is precisely the case on Long Island, the rails being burnt by the soldiers. With the greafest difficulty the unfortunate inhabitants can even keep small en- closures for their cattle and flocks at night, which they are obliged to watch through the day, to save their grain from destruction. 216. Jan. 13, '77, Game. A grammar school is now open-* ing at Jamaica, by Andrew Wilson, who for some years has taught Latin and Greek at Morristown. Board may be pro- cured at Jamaica. 217. Feb. 24, '77, Gaine. Fox chase. On Sunday, 16th inst, a rebel fox stole into the town of Jamaica, supposed with a design to steal some poultry belonging to the friends of gov- ernment ; but the scent being very strong, was soon taken by the royal hounds, who soon opened in full cry upon him, and pursued him over the hills into a thick swamp, where they left him for the present ; but as the town has been frequently dis- turbed by this obnoxious animal, a sharp look out will be kept for him in future. [Some concealed Whig probably.— Ed.] 218. May 8, '77. The representatives for Queens county, appointed by the Convention till Queens shall be in a condition to elect others, were Philip Edsall, Benj. Coe. B. Birdsall, and D. Lawrence. (See 108, and Thompson II, 493.) 219. May 26, '77, Gaine. $4 reward. Ran away, from Capt. Tho's Harriot, Jamaica, South, a negro ; had on a short gray coat, brass buttons, brown jacket, homespun trowsers, and beaver hat cocked. Masters of vessels are desired not to ship or carry him 'x)fF. He was bred to the sea. 220. June 2, '77, Gaine. Lost, the pocket book of Major Alex. Campbell, 74th, containing two half-joes, and some small money, which the finder is welcome to, and $2 reward. 221. June 14, '77. Rev. Mr. Hart, of Huntington, is in Ja- maica jail for his bold avowal of whig principles. 222. Col. Graydon, a prisoner on parole, at Flutbush, who JAMAICA. 155 had permission to dine with Alexander Wallace, at Jamaica, in the spring of '77, thus describes his visit : " Upon our first arrival at Jamaica, after putting up our horses at an inn, we concluded to take a ramble through the town before we went to Mr. Wallace's. We had accordingly strolled to nearly the end of the main street, when we observed a soldier coming after us. Approaching with due military etiquette, he gave us to understand he came by order of Col. Fanning, who desired to speak with us at his quarters. We im- mediately returned with him to the colonel, who informed us that he pre- sumed we were prisoners ; and if so, as we were without our limits, he conceived it his duty to inquire into the cause of it. We told him we came to dine with Mr. Wallace, who had obtained permission for us from the commissary of prisoners. Had we any certificate of it? he asked. We replied, No, as we relied on Mr. Wallace. Finding he still seemed to consider it dubious, we thought it time to assert ourselves a little, and told him it was a matter of the utmost indifference to us what part he might adopt. After a moment's consideration, he thought proper to dis- miss us. This Mr. Fanning had been secretary of Gov. Tryon, and now commanded a regiment of new levies stationed here. " Mr. Wallace entertained us with much hospitality, and to show that this civility was not to be considered in any degree as a toleration of our principles, his son, a boy of seven or eight years of age, came into the room, and his father, putting a glass of wine into his hand, asked him what he drank? ' Church and King,' replied the little fellow in an audible voice. I had recently contemplated becoming an Episcopalian, yet the sentiment appeared to me selfish and degrading in the extreme." 223. Sep. 1, '77, Gaine. We have the pleasure to acquaint the people that the little town of Jamaica has contributed, to the encouragement of the new corps raised in the Province at the request of Gov. Tryon, £219, delivered by Joseph French, Esquire. 224. Oct. 6, '77, Gaine. The Jamaica new stage wagon will set off from Hope Mills' at 7, on Monday, Wednesday and Saturday mornings, for Brooklyn ferry, and return on the same days. For freight or passage, apply to the public's humble servant. HOPE MILLS. N. B. All letters and newspapers proper care will be taken of. 225. Riv., Dec. 6, '77. A guinea and charges paid. Stolen 156 ARMED OCCUPATION. or strayed in the night of Nov. 20, from the pasture of the Rev. Mr. Bowden, in Jamaica, a dark gray mare. Mr. BETTS, Innkeeper. 226. At a town meeting at Jamaica, Nov. '77, to provide firewood and other necessary articles for the use of the hospi- tal and guard-house in Jamaica, [where were they ?] it was voted, 1st. That all who have soldiers billeted on them 'be ex- cepted. 2dly. That the following be appointed trustees for the above purpose, viz. : John Polhemus, for the Western District ; John Lamberson and John Doughty, for Springfield; Jacamiah Valentine, for the Eastern District; Dowe Ditmars, for the Southern District. 3dly. That Edward Willets be appointed to inspect the wood and give certificates— Town Records. 227. Dec. 6, '77, Riv. $20 reward. Lost, two black mares, &c. JACOB SMITH, at Jamaica, Capt. 1st Comp., 1st Bat., Delancxfs Brigade. 228. Dec. 27, '77. The 1st battalion of Gen. Frazer is to be quartered at Jamaica. — Riv. 229. Jan. 31, '78, Riv. Stolen or strayed, from the pasture of Dr. Charlton of Jamaica, a black mare, &c. 230. Riv., Mar. 28, '78. To be sold, by Edward Willet, of Jamaica, 12,000 acres of land in the Patent of Minisink, also a first rate negro wench with two very fine children. 231. Light Dragoons. All gentlemen volunteers, who are disposed to serve his Majesty in Capt. Kinlock's troop of light dragoons, now raising on Long Island, are desired to ^repair to his quarters at Jamaica,* where they will find good encour- agement, together with an horse, clothing, and proper accou- trements, and enter immediately on the same pay with the British dragoons. None need apply but those of good charac- ter.— Riv., May 2, '78. * He lay on a hill north of Miss Rowlands'. 232. June 2£, '78, Gaine. $3 reward. Stole or strayed out of the pasture of Tho's Harriot, Jamaica South, May 15, a mouse-colored cow and two yearlings, with the broad arrow marked on each. 233. July, '78. Wm. Betts keeps the tavern, sign of Gen. JAMAICA. 157 Amherst, formerly kept by John Comes, opposite the meeting- house. 234. Riv., Aug. 29, '78. Tho's Rochford has taken the house, late of Wm. Betts, and informs the gentlemen of the army and navy, and inhabitants of New- York, that they can have breakfasts and dinners on the shortest notice. He has laid in an assortment of liquors of the best quality. 235. Oct. 14, '78, Gaine. The races at Capt. Polhemus's, New Lots, are changed to Jamaica; purse 20 guineas. 236. Dec. 7, '78, Gaine. Capt. F. Graham, of 37th Grena- diers, died of apoplexy at Jamaica. 237. Dec. 8, '78, Holt. A gentleman from Long Island says there are 400 dragoons at Hempstead, 150 at Lloyd's Neck, 470 at Oyster Bay, 1,500 [foot?] at Jamaica, 200 yagers at Flushing, 350 at Newtown, 3,000 on board British fleet under Gen. Campbell, 200 at the ferry, and 3,000 on New- York Island.* * New Haven, Jan. 6, '79. We hear about 1,500 of the enemy's troops, and 400 or 500 of their light-horse, wagon horses, &c., are quar- tered on the inhabitants of Long Island. 238. Feb. 27, '79, Riv. $10 reward. Stolen in the night of Feb. 24, out of the stable of Major Bowden, at Jamaica, a sorrel horse, his mane lying on the mounting side, &c. JOHN BOWDEN. 239. Feb. 27, '79, Gaine. $6 reward. Run away, Tom. He had on a dark gray short coat, belt waistcoat, yellow metal buttons, buff breeches, white worsted stockings. 'Tis thought he will try to go out in some privateer. B. SMITH, Jamaica. 240. Ap. 7, '79, Riv. A horse for sale at the parsonage, [Mr. Bloomer's,] formerly W.Creed's, one mile west of Jamaica. 241. Ap. 13, '79. It is said the British troops on Long Island are commanded by Gen. Vaughan. 242. Loosely and Elms propose to run a CARAVAN to Jamaica and back to Brooklyn ferry, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Sundays.— Riv., May 26, '79. 8 158 ARMED OCCUPATION. 243. Ju. 17. '79. Biv. Rochford has quit the tavern, sign of Gen. Amherst, and opened the Queen's Head, at the house lately occupied by Gen. Skinner, first house north side of the street above the English church, [now Dr. Shelton's.] He is grateful to the gentlemen of the army and navy, &c. 244. July 10. '79. Biv. Wm. Betts has opened the tavern, formerly John Coombs's, sign of Gen. Amherst, opposite the meeting-house, where he has provided choice liquors. Din- ners on the shortest notice, and good stabling. 245. Sep. 15, '79. Biv. Died, at Jamaica, aged 40, George Brewerton, 2d Bat.. Delancey's Brigade. When young, he was Col. of a New-York regiment at the reduction of Havana, (Aug. 14, 1762.) universally beloved, and his death greatly lamented. 246. Oct. 16. '79. Jamaica races. 20 guineas, three heats : twice round the course, at Beaver Pond, to each heat. 247. Tickets for the Jamaica Accession Ball, Oct. 25. '79, for the inhabitants and officers quartered there, are issuing at the Queen's Head and Gen. Amherst. A grand band of music will be wanted. [George lll.'s accession to the throne took place Oct. 25, 1760.— Ed.] 248. Loyal Refugees recruiting at Betts's tavern. Abm. C. Cuyler, Esq., is authorized to raise a battalion of 600 men. — Biv.. Xov. 3. '79. [He was thanked at Smithtown, Jan. 31, 'SI, when he left for England.— Ed.] 249. Mar. 18. 'SO. A munificent entertainment was given by Lord Rawdon. Col. of the volunteers of Ireland, to his regi- ment, quartered at Jamaica, in honor of St. Patrick, tutelar saint of that kingdom. Song by Barny Thompson, piper to the regiment, tune Langolee : Success to the shamrogue, and all those who wear it, Be honor their portion wherever they go, May riches attend them, and store of good claret, For how to employ them sure none better know. Every foe surveys them with terror. But every silk petticoat wishes them nearer, So Yankee keep off, or you'll soon learn your error, For Paddy shall prostrate lay every foe. JAMAICA. 159 This day, but the year I can't rightly determine, St. Patrick the vipers did chase from this land, Let's see if. like him. we can't sweep off the vermin, Who dare 'gainst the sons of the shamrogue to stand. Hand in hand ! Let's carol the chorus — " As long as the blessings of Ireland hang o'er us. The crest of Rebellion shall tremble before us, Like brothers, while thus we march hand in har. i 250. 2 guineas reward. Ran away. June 4. r 80. a negTo man. Will, thick lips, had on corduroy breeches, &c. JOHN AMBERMAN. 251. Last Sunday evening-, was married, at the seat of Gen. Skinner, near Jamaica, [then Rev. A. Ketehas\s_. now S. Judd*s.] Capt. Meredith. 70th Reg*t. to Miss Gertrude, third daughter of Brig. Gen. Skinner, a young lady whose mental and personal accomplishments promise the most permanent fe- licity.—/?/. 14. 252. Three days ago. Capt. W. Dickson, commander of one of the New-York volunteer companies, was unfortunately drowned while bathing in a pond in the neighborhood of Ja- maica, whither the corpse was brought and interred on Mon- day evening, attended by Major Small and the officers of the regiment of Royal Highland Emigrants stationed there. — Ju. rue. 253. The American officers were admitted to parole in the pleasant village of Jamaica, till July 10. "SO. when, having previously broken their parole, and otherwise behaved so badly, it was refused them. Sproai. — Feb. 12. "SI. Gaine. 254. Aug. 23. "SO. Riv. Run away from Jamaica, a large fat young wench, with three cuts on each cheek, late from Charleston. Whoever sends her to Col. Linsing. or Ray & Fitzsimmons. merchants. Jamaica, shall have 85 reward and charges. 255. In the fall of 1750. a British half-pay officer. Crc- Crowell. quartered at John Montanye's. on the Rockaway road, at Foster's meadow, (a large house burnt down a few years ago.) sent his sen-ant to Derick Ambermarfs mill for flour. The miller, half-joking, bid the servant tell his master to send money with his bag next time, as he could trust him no longer. 160 ARMED OCCUPATION. Crowe had been drinking and was ready for violence. In com- pany with a brother officer, (a guest of his, from New Jersey, Maj. Stockton, quartered at Uriah Piatt's,) he rode down to the mill, half a mile distant, called the miller out, and commenced beating him on the head with a loaded whip. A wagon now came along with several persons in it, and they were ordered in the KING'S NAME to stand, and so great was their terror that they dared give no assistance to the miller. His eldest daughter, Sarah, being informed by a lad at the wood-pile of what was going on, ran out, and seeing her father warding off the blows with a piece of board, picked up a bit of rail and made at the assailant. They bid her keep off, or they would throw her in the pond, which 1hey tried to do. She es- caped, however, and returned to the charge, but could not as- sist her father. Crowe kept beating him till he fell, when Stockton came up and run him through. The wounded man then made for the house, but was unable to ascend the steps — the stoop is still stand- ing — when his daughter assisted him and led him into the back room, where he fell on the floor saying, " The villains have made a dead man of me." His wife had been visiting at a neighbor's, and saw the whole transaction, and reached home only in time to take her husband's head on her lap, when he gasped once or twice and expired. The alarm was soon spread, when Tunis Covert, Ser- jeant, with a few militia, hastened to Crowe's quarters, rushed on the officers before they could fire — it was now dark — arrested them as they were mounting their horses to escape, bound them and carried them back to the mill. They were put under guard at Jamaica that night, and subsequently taken to Bedford for trial. A coroner's jury had rendered a verdict of wilful mur- der. But the question arose, which wound caused the death ? The body was disinterred and a second jury summoned. The surgeon who opened the body was of the opinion, that, though there was a huge swelling on the forehead, occasioned by the blows of the whip, he died of the stab; the sword had passed within an inch of the heart. It is not known what became of the offenders, but it is sup- posed they were acquitted. JAMAICA. 161 It is said that an Irish officer, McNeil, in a quarrel af- terwards at Nova Scotia, upbraided Stockton with this murder, and challenged him at the sword. 256. Riv., Sept. 6, '80. Last Sunday night, died at Jamaica , of a very painful illness, Dr. Jacob Ogden, aged 59. Through a long course of successful practice, he acquired an extensive and respectable acquaintance, who valued him for a goodness of heart, which marks the honest and benevolent man. 257. Sept. 11, '80, Gaine. Died at Jamaica, aged 75, Capt. Benj. Whitehead, supervisor. His attachment to government involved him in many difficulties, which he bore with the great- est fortitude. 258. Sept. 22, '80. The Queen's Rangers marched from Oyster Bay to Jamaica, and crossed from Long Island to Rich- mond redoubts, Staten Island, Oct. 8. 259. Oct. 25, '80, Riv. John Waller, Esq., Major of bri- gade to Brig. Gen. Delancey, died of fever at Jamaica. 260. Feb. 12, '81, Gaine. Mrs. Marsh's place [now J. A. King's"] for sale. It lies on the Main-street, bounded east by the cemetery of the English church, and west by the Dutch par- sonage, (now occupied by the Rev. Mr. Bowden,) west by land of widow Banks. Inquire of Rev. John Sayre, New- York. 261. Riv., March, '81. B. Creed's Jamaica and Brooklyn- Hall Stage Machine, 6s. a passage ; not answerable for money, plate and jewels, unless entered and paid for. 262. April 7, '81, Riv. To be let, a commodious house and garden, in possession of Tho's Rochford, 4 rooms on the lower floor, 3 on 2d floor. 263. May 12, '81. Riv. Rochford, of the Queen's Head, has re- moved to the house containing 8 rooms, lately occupied by John Livingston, [now R. J. Snedeker's.] He begs leave to inform the ladies and gentlemen that he has an elegant garden with arbors, bowers, alcoves, grottos, naids, dryads, hamadryads, &c, &c. He has a stock of good liquors, and can at anytime furnish genteel dinners. The ladies and gentlemen who choose to make an excursion to the pleasant village of Jamaica, remarka- 162 ARMED OCCUPATION. ble for the salubrity of its air, may depend on good cheer and the utmost attention. 264. 610 reward. Rim away from Ray & Fitzsimons, merchants, two miles beyond Jamaica, [now I. G. Carpenter's,] a negro, Hercules, apt to stutter on a surprise, had on velvet plush breeches. &c. : and a wench, young and lusty, with three scars on each cheek, from the southward. J?ir.. May 16. 'SI. 265. July 7. 'SI. An express from the Keppel* sloop left a bay horse at the house of Capt Nicholas Ludlam, [now D. I. Ditmis's.] Jamaica, for which no owner has yet appeared. [*The Keppel took some whaleboatmen near Setauket. — Ed.] 266. Jan. 5. 'S2. Riv. Lt. Steadman. of the 64th company of grenadiers, fell from his horse on the road from Jamaica to Brooklyn. The corpse was interred in the church yard of Ja- maica, with military honors, attended by the officers of both battalions of grenadiers. All persons having demands against Lt. Steadman will send them to Capt. Symondson. u*4th grenadiers. Jamaica. 267. April 24. 'S3. Riv. Address of the loyal inhabitants of Foster's Meadow and Springfield, to the British Legion, on leaving their district : We. the loyal inhabitants within the districts of Foster's Meadow and Springfield, impressed with the deepest sense of gratitude and esteem, beg leave to approach you and return you our most sincere thanks for your kind attention to our interests during your winter residence within our districts. We beg leave to assure you of our best wishes wherever your duty calls ; and it is our most fervent prayer that the Almighty may take you under his protection in the day of battle. " GAPHLXEAH SPOONER, In behalf of 26 most respectable inhabitants. Reply of the British Legion. Gentlemen : — During the unhappy differences between Great Britain and her colonies, it ever has been our study to attend to the private interests of every virtuous citizen of Amer- ica. We return you our thanks, and sincerely wish your fields JAMAICA. 163 may yield you a most plentiful harvest, and your flocks may bring forth in abundance, to the mutual interest of the army and inhabitants.* * Soldiers were billeted at almost every house in Foster's Meadow and Springfield. There was much robbery, thieving and disorder. The wagoners were billeted in Springfield, sometimes 20 horses in a barn. In a lot south of Capt. Grant's (now Ab'rn Higbie's, was a hay magazine, constantly guarded to keep off incendiaries. Another hay magazine and the King's stables (that would hold 100 wagoners' horses), were at Samuel D ;ow Jacob Bergen's,) Jamaica South. These wagons were drawn by four horses, single breasted, and driven without reins. They probably came from Pennsylvania. The farmers put off the poorest salt-hay 'meadow drift, &c, on the fo- rage masters, while the best they would cart home by a circuitous route, to escape observation, and hide it under refuse stuff in their barns. — Ed. 268. May 22, '82, Riv. The grenadiers,. 17th dragoons, and other corps on Long Island, were reviewed by Sir G. Carlton. 269. May 18. : 82. Riv. All persons having demands against Lieutenant Colin Campbell. 74th regiment light infantry, at Jamaica, will lodge their claims with Capt. Colquhoun. 74th grenadiers. 270. May 25. r 82 3 Riv. Alex. Macauley & Co. intend removing from Jamaica. 271. April 5. ; 82. Riv. Malcolm Morrison, at Jamaica, failed : also Rochford. inn-keeper. 272. June 12. ; ^2. $10 reward. Run away, a negro boy Frank, took a pale blue broadcloth coat and jacket and a new castor hat. It is imagined he intends going on board some privateer. Docwe Ditmabs. 273. July 20. ; S2. To be sold by auction, at Jamaica. July 27 j sundry damaged provisions, consisting of pork, peas and butter. 274. Aug. 21, '82. Piano, mahogany chairs, phaeton, &r... at vendue, at Capt. Wm. Wade's. Jamaica, opposite Betts' tavern, he intending for Ireland per first fleet. 275. Oct. 3. ; S2. New flying machine, on steel springs, Thursday. Sunday and Tuesday, from Brooklyn, at 8 o'clock. 164 ARMED OCCUPATION, to Jamaica, and return same evening. Breakfasting at Brook- lyn Hall, stage mornings. 276. Oct. 19, '82. To be run for, around Beaver Pond, a purse of £50 : the best twp in three one-mile heats, free for any horse except Mercury, Slow and Easy and Goldfinder. One guinea entrance, to be paid at the sign of the "King's Arms," Jamaica. 277. March 17, '83. For sale, a lot of ground in Jamaica, near the Presbyterian church, owing to the present times out of fence. It lies 50 feet along Church Lane, 40 feet front and rear. The owner going to England. 278. March 17, '83. At public auction, the whole stock of Hart & Chaloner, (failed,) at their store, Jamaica. Dry goods, china and earthen ware, and some groceries. 279. March 31,. '83. The partnership of Cunningham, Scott, & Co., of Jamaica, is dissolved : remaining stock to be sold very reasonable. 280. April 12, '83. Riv. To be sold by auction, upwards of 200 excellent dragoon horses, in high condition, belonging to cavalry officers : at Brooklyn, April 14, 40 horses ; Jamaica, April 15, 40 horses ; at the wind-mill, on Hempstead Plains, April 16, 40 horses ; at Huntington, April 14, 15 and 16, 80 horses ; at Richmond, April 16, 40 horses. 281. The widow Mills, upper end of Springfield, had a vendue, and was supposed to have money in her possession. As some robbers broke in her front door, the widow, though she could scarcely move before, was nimble enough to escape by a back passage unobserved, and rallied her neighbors, who at a cautious distance fired into the house at the robbers, who scampered out pell-mell, and not one was seized. One of the robbers (who was a neighbor) asked a lad in bed if he knew him. The affrighted little fellow luckily replied in the nega- tive, and so saved his life. As the inmates of the house told the robbers (to get rid of them) that Capt. N. Ludlam had their money, the Capt. felt apprehensive of a like visit, and obtained an order from the commandant at Jamaica to set a patrol from his house (now JAMAICA. 165 D. I. Ditmis's) to Box's tavern, and thence to Amberman's gate, Rockaway road. The alarm signal was one discharge, a pause, then two in quick succession. One man was shot by this patrol. 'Squire B. Everitt, (now H. Story's,) treasurer of the Pres- byterian church, heard a knocking at his door, which he open- ed, when he was knocked down and severely beaten, to make him disclose his money. He said he had but little ; and this, crawling to his chest, he gave the robbers. 282. One Sunday night, the latter part of the war, the house of Wm. Ludlam, Bog Lots, was robbed of linen, cloth- ing, &c. A sum of money hid behind the chimney escaped notice. The robbers surrounded the house and broke in a panel of the door with a stone. The old man sprung up, but they sent him to bed again, laid their muskets across the bed, and bid all lay quiet. John Williamson was robbed of £300. hid under the hearth- stone, which he disclosed after the torture of hot coals. The next night, (say April, 1783,) the same gang, in the absence of their leader, Huddleston, having found the house door too strong, broke into the kitchen of Wm. Creed,* (since T. Van Wickien's,) where a Highlander slept as a safeguard. Him they bid lay still, as they did not intend to harm him. They then passed into the room where Mr. Creed lay sick with rheumatism. They discovered him by the flash of his carbine, which they grappled, and hauled him out of bed and abused him. Thereupon the Highlander came to the rescue with his broadsword, and cut open the skull of the sentry. Another grasped his sword and had his fingers cut ofT as it was drawn through. During the scuffle, Creed's son came down stairs, and was engaged in the melee. The robbers were finally beaten off, when the Highlander proposed they should go out and see if any wounded or dead lay around the house. They discovered one, Humans, by the well, with his entrails protrud- ing. He had on W. Ludlam's Sunday shoes, with silver buckles, which implicated him in that robbery. Finding his end near, he made a full confession of this and previous crimes to his commanding officer. A secret cave in the woods back 8* 166 ARMED OCCUPATION. of Jamaica was searched, and all who had been robbed came forward and picked out their lost property. McDraw, the guard, received a liberal contribution from the spectators, who assembled at Creed's next morning. * W. Creed was a whig, and suffered accordingly. A neighbor led some soldiers to his house, who took his three cows. His wife begged them to leave them, as they afforded the only sustenance she and her children could get. The reply was, " Why, madam, they belong to the Crown," and off they went. At another time a number of light-horse were turned into his oats to graze, just as it was in head. He had a great quantity of wood cut off for fuel and building huts. He had a great many horses stabled in his barn, and a neighbor, a loyalist, kept carting away the manure for years. His daughter, however, watched from a window, and kept account of the number of loads. At the peace Creed sent in his bill, and the whole amount was paid. 283. To be let, a large and commodious dwelling, at Ja- maica, in which Michael Price (who intends for England) now keeps a store. The first stand for business, except New- York, within the British lines. April 28, 1783. 284. April 28, '83. To be sold or let, the house and gar- den lately occupied by Widow Harris, Jamaica, on the road leading to Flushing, and opposite the English church, [rear of Dr. Shelton's.] 285. June 28, '83. To be run for, Wednesday next, around Beaver Pond, a purse of 100 guineas, by the noted mare Calf Skin and the noted horse Leotley, from Boston. 286. Several horses of the 17th light dragoons to be sold at Jamaica, July 19, 1783. 287. Aug. 8, '83. For sale, the noted "White Store" of Alex. Haire, at Little Plains, one of the best situations for busi- ness on the island. John Remsen. 288. Riv., Sept. 13, '83. Those loyalists who enrolled themselves in Capt. John Polhemus's company, for Annapolis Royal, are informed the ship is ready to receive them. Those who neglect complying with this notice will be precluded a passage at the expense of government. NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 167 NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 289. Gaine, Feb. 15, '77. A few evenings ago four boats full of men came over from Rye to the opposite shore on Long Island, and carried off a sloop laden with poultry and other things for New- York market. The fog was so thick that the guard, which is constantly kept on shore, did not perceive them. One man was taken in the sloop. 290. March 24, '77, Gaine. Last week a rebel privateer came out of Byram river, and took a boat coming to town with wood and some other small matters, from Long Island. 291. Fishkill, May 22, '77. We are informed 200 wagons have lately been sent from Long Island to the enemy's head quarters, at Brunswick, to remove baggage. 292. It was not unusual for families within the British lines to be exchanged for those without, but as it gave op- portunity for conveying intelligence to the enemy, it proba- bly was exercised with great caution. — Ed. Head Quarters, Peekskill, April 16, '77. Permission is hereby granted Peter Corney to obtain an exchange of his fur- niture and effects for those of Mr. B. Birdsall, of Oyster Bay j and Mr. Proctor's, for those of Zebulon Seaman, of Long Island. ALEX. McDOUGAL, B. General. I certify, that the families of B. Birdsall and Zebulon Sea- man, with their furniture, effects and provisions, may be per- mitted to pass to Peekskill, in exchange for Peter Corney and W. Proctor, with their families, furniture, effects and provis- ions. ROB'T PIGOTT, M. G. New- York, April 16, '77. We, the subscribers, do certify that Peter Corney has shown us the above permission, and has offered to procure a flag of truce and escort us and our families to Peekskill, with our apparel, furniture, effects and provisions, and there deliver us to our husbands ; but as we find it inconvenient to remove, not being able to support the expense, and are here in a state JEAN SEAMAN. 168 ARMED OCCUPATION. of security, unmolested by the King's troops, we must decline the offer. FREELOVE BIRDSALL. Benj. Seaman, > ™ , Clement C. Clarke, $ Oyster Bay, April 21, '77. Micah Williams, > j, ,. Jacob Jackson, $ Hempstead, April 21, '77. Fairfield, July 3, '77. Capt. Thorpe says, " I sailed from Guilford last Sabbath day, with a flag of truce to transport Mrs. Hannah and Miss Ruth, wife and daughter of Nicholas Brown, to [North] Hempstead, on Long Island, and arrived there on Monday ; and was informed by an officer and justice of the peace that they had strict orders not to permit any flag to be received any where on the Island, and advised me to proceed to the sloop Scorpion, Capt. Brown, who said I must immedi- ately return back and carry the women with me ; and added, if any more came he should treat them as spies." Scorpion,* off New City Island. No flags of truce are in future to pass between Connecti- cut and Long Island, without the special license of the Gene- ral commanding his Majesty's forces, nor any correspondence by letter or otherwise permitted. Flags of truce are in future to be consigned to New-York only. By order of Viscount Howe, PHILIP BROWN. * The Scorpion and her tender lay at Plum Beach in 1780, and were frozen in. The Chaplain had services on board every Sunday, which the inhabitants from the Necks were invited to attend. In 1781 she was used as a prison ship at the Wallabout. — Ed. Sept., 1777. The Governor of Connecticut permits Mrs. Ketcham's family and furniture to be exchanged for the wife, family and household furniture of W. Ritchie, at Cow Neck — Gen. Silliman to send a flag for that purpose, at their mutual expense. — Hinman's Conn. 293. Aug. 6, '77, Gaine. Last Wednesday morning, two wood boats from Long Island, were taken by a rebel privateer NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 169 in the Sound, near Hempstead Harbor, and carried into Nor- walk. 293a. Aug. 4, '77, Gaine. 40s. reward. Taken' out of the pasture of Timothy Smith, Hempstead Harbor, a bay mare, snip nose, something crooked, or turns to one nostril, a natural trotter, and can pace a slow travel, and canter. 294. Sept. 12, '77, Holt. Two armed whale boats from Middletown, took two sloops, one at anchor in Cow Bay, of 50 tons ; another, a small craft lying in the Sound — brought safe into Connecticut river. 295. Oct. 20, '77, Gaine. A whale boat with 10 men, from Byram River, took a wood boat (Oct. 5) from Hempstead Har- bor out into the Sound, and returned for two others that lay there ready loaded, but a few militia getting together, obliged them to row off with speed. 296. April 16, '78, Holt. Last Saturday night, 15 men of Col. Meig's regiment, under Lt. Lay, crossed from Horse Neck to Long Island, and cut two sloops out of Hempstead Harbor, bound to New- York. One was deeply laden with wood, the other with vegetables, which they brought safe to Horse Neck and unloaded. They also took 4 prisoners. [Thomas Dodge was once a passenger and sat in the cabin when a boat was taken. Hearing a noise, he tried to get on deck, but found he was fastened down. He then sang out, " what are you about up there ? open the door and let me come up, or else come down yourselves, and let's drink for bet- ter acquaintance." The captors came down, and were treated with a bottle of spirits from Dodge's provision basket. They had a jolly time of it, and on Dodge's arrival at Horse Neck he found many old friends, and was allowed to return on parole, which exempted him from the fatigues of militia duty, (which consisted in frequent trainings and patrolling the coast at night,) till he was exchanged. — Ed.~\ 297. May 25, '78, Gaine. On Saturday evening, 16th, with up-sun, a boat from Connecticut, with a 4 pounder, came to Sands's Point, and stripped a boat that lay there of all her sails and rigging, and went off unmolested. 170 ARMED OCCUPATION. 298. Aug. 24, '78. Game. For sale, the sloop Christian, a wide flat vessel, built on Long Island, for the wood and hay business, 50 tons, mounts 5 swivels. 299. Sept. 7, '78, Gaine. Stolen or strayed from the pas- ture of Joseph Greswold, north side of Hempstead Plains, a dun-colored gelding. A suitable reward will be paid by Mr. Nicolls. 300. May 10, '79, Gaine. John Houlroyd begs leave to in- form his friends and the public in general, that he lives at the Three Tons, north side of Hempstead Plains, about one mile from Herricks. where gentlemen, travellers and others, may expect the best entertainment for man and horse. July 19. Gentlemen who choose to divert themselves in the plovering season, will meet with genteel treatment, and the best wines. 301. May 31, 79, Gaine. A party of rebels from Connecti- cut came to the house of Mr. Samuel Herrold, of Hempstead Harbor, last Tuesday night, and robbed his shop of goods to the amount of about £60, and then took to their whale boats and rowed across the sound. 302. July 7, '79, Gaine. Five guineas reward. Ran away from James Smith, Herricks, 2 negro men, Caesar and Jack, supposed to be with the army or on board some ship. 303. June 30, '79, Riv. Last Thursday night, about 30 rebels came over from Connecticut to Cow Neck in three whale boats, and plundered the house of Stephen Thome of many valuable articles, and at the same time part of them surrounded the house of Edward Thorne, his son, which they also rifled. For- tunately both these gentlemen were abroad that night, which prevented their being carried into captivity. In the house of E'd Thorne they found Capt. Lewis McDonald,* a gentleman banished from Bedford, West Chester county, by the rebel le- gislature. [He had once been a committee-man.] Him they rob- bed of such effects as their demagogues had permitted him to bring with him, broke open his chest, from which they extract- ed about £70 in gold and silver and York currency of the old emission, depriving him of the most valuable part of his cloth- NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 171 ing, but disdained to accept of £400 in Congress dollars, of which they found him possessed. * July 19, '80, Riv. Two half joes reward. Stolen from the pasture of Stephen Cornell, Hempstead, 14th inst., an iron grey horse. lewis Mcdonald. 304. July 31, '79, Riv. About Tuesday last, Wm. Sutton, Esq., formerly of Maroneck, was carried off from Cow Neck by a party of rebels from the Main. The guards and refugees in the vicinity immediately assembled to rescue him, fired on the whale boats in which he was prisoner, and certainly did execu- tion, as several of the rebels were seen to drop. 305. Aug. 25, '79, Riv. On Monday morning last, between 12 and 2, a party of rebels under A. Cornell, plundered the houses of Col. and Judge Ludlow, at Hempstead Plains. They landed, it is supposed, upwards of 50 men from seven whale- boats, at the west side of Cow Neck, [at Mitchell's Landing,] and proceeded with 30 of their gang on this piratical business. As Col. Ludlow was at Lloyd's Neck, and the Judge had the precaution to sleep from home, [or as some say, to escape through the scuttle to the roof and hide behind a chimney,] they failed in one part of their errand. In the other they but too well succeeded, and by dint of expedition, got off with their booty. [They seized and rode the horses of A. O., and to avoid observation, left the road, threw down fences, and went across lots. The design in carrying off the Col. and Judge was to exchange them for Whig prisoners of equal rank. — Ed.'] 306. Oct. 2, '79, Riv. The sloop Sally, Sept. 28, laden with provisions for His Majesty's sloop Swift, between City Island and Oyster Bay, was chased on shore by two whale boats, but the armed Brigantine Edward, Capt. J. Peebles, mas- ter, stationed in Hempstead Bay,* retook the Sally and her pro- visions, with a new 7 oared boat having a swivel and 11 mus- kets, killed 3 men and took several prisoners. [Capt. Peebles was himself subsequently taken by surprise, and was succeeded by the Ranger, which lay till the peace at the Deep Hole out- side the beach. — Ed.~\ * In June '79, she lay in the East River. 307. Nov. 6, 1779. Riv. New Market Races, Hempstead Plains, on Wednesday. A purse of 20 guineas : the best of 172 ARMED OCCUPATION. three two-mile circular heats. Free for any horse except Dul- cimore. Also a bet of 100 guineas, one two-mile heat, Cyrus and Doctor. A match between the noted horse Dulcimore and the roan gelding Kettlebander, for 400 guineas, two miles. God save the King. 308. May 5, '80. New Market Races. Will be run for, June 4, the Hunters' subscription purse, and sweepstakes of 10 guineas each. June 5, the ladies and gentlemen's subscrip- tion purse and sweepstakes of 10 guineas each. June 6, a whip to be run for, presented by the sportsmen of the army and navy, and the name of the winning horse to be engraved on it. No horse that has not been a fortnight in training on Hemp- stead Course to run. 309. May 27, '80. Sir— You are hereby ordered to pas- ture four horses for the Quarter Master General's depart- ment till further orders. JOHN WOOLLEY, Capt. Richard Thorne.* * Major Thorne was robbed four times during the war. Once his back was cruelly cut down with a knife and his wife put under guard, to extort a confession where his money was hid. Another time, his wife contrived to keep a bag of money concealed in the folds of her gown. At one time all their clothing and many moveables were carried off. A clock, screwed to the wall, was left only because the robbers had not patience to unscrew it. The Major had two sloops (one the Bachelor) taken from his dock. To escape further depredations from whale boats, he removed to Success. — (See 118.) — Ed. 310. Aug. 2, '80. Riv. Last Saturday night a party of rebels from the Main (one was Ob. Wall) landed on Long Island, robbed the house of John Holroyd, Hempstead Plains, [since S. Armstrong's,] of effects to the value of several hundred pounds. They afterwards stopped Mrs. Tredwell, spouse of Dr. T.j on her return from the city, [in a chaise with her son Adam,] and robbed her of effects to the value of £30. At the same time [it was dusk] they seized a market wagon [of Henry Post and Richard Titus, storekeepers,] in which was mer- NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 173 chandise valued at upwards of £80. In that carriage they conveyed all their booty to Hempstead Harbor. [Littleworth.] where they embarked in two whale boats. The militia were alarmed, and twenty of them, well accoutred, pursued the plunderers with all possible speed, but arrived at the place of embarkation too late, [but heard the oars. To prevent detec- tion, the persons robbed were all confined up stairs, till the guard judged his confederates were beyond the reach of pursuit, when he mounted Mrs. T.'s horse and galloped after. — It was not unusual for whale boatmen to waylay travellers from New- York by secreting themselves in some house near the road.] — Ed. 311. Sept. 18, 'SO. Gaine. Two guineas reward. Stolen out of Judge Ludlow's stable, at Hempstead, on the night of August 7. a sorrel horse. &c. Cary Lcdlow. Esq., Jamaica. 312. Jan. 25. '81. Last week two vessels loaded with wood, were taken off [N.] Hempstead by two whale boats ; one was armed with two four-pounders, six swivels, a cohorn, &c. had six hands, who engaged the boats, and did not surrender till the captain was badly wounded in his head. Two men were wounded on board the boats. The prizes are got into port. 313. May 16. 'SI. Several whale boats from Horse Neck, intending a descent on Long Island, were intercepted, and 39 prisoners taken. 314. July 4. 'SI. Riv. On Saturday night last 40 rebels landed at the bottom of Cow Xeck, 20 of whom marched four miles, to the house of Justice Kissam. and took off Major Kis- sam. of the Queens county militia, his younger brother, Benj. T. Kissam. and Thomas Pearsall. a refugee. Mr. Fitch, their commander, behaved with great civility to Mrs. Kissam, not suffering his men to go into the room where Mrs, Townsend, an old lady, mother to Justice Kissam. was in bed. The plunder they carried off was but trifling. They also took one Alexander Haines, [a guard ?] whom they found sleeping under a tree near where they landed. Justice K. and his second son were absent from home. The rebels made partic- ular inquiry after them. 174 ARMED OCCUPATION. 315. About 12 o'clock Saturday night the door of Hendrick Onderdonk, at. Hempstead Harbor, (now Dan'l Bogart's,) was forced open with a bayonet. Andrew, his son, hearing the noise, met the robbers at the door, received a cut in his fore- head, when he extricated himself and made his way through the east door, crossed the creek and ran to John Rogers', blacksmith, and gave the alarm. Meantime the robbers found a gold watch and other articles. A mug of gold pieces in a cupboard escaped their search. Some of the most costly goods had been taken from the store and purposely distributed about the house. The robbers went up stairs, Mrs. O. resolutely following and telling them not to go in such a room, as her daughters were there. They hastily picked up some rolls of fine goods and velvet, put them under their arms and hur- ried down stairs, Mrs. O. following at their heels, pulling away a piece now and then, till they got out of the house.— There was a number of active young men in the harbor, and the sol- diers had no mind to wait and have a brush with them. They pretended to be whale boatmen, were disguised, and had their faces painted. The robbers were soon discovered, for an un- lucky soldier billeted at Searing Town wore a stolen shoe that Jack Golder (who was making shoes at the same house) recognized as one he had made at H. O.'s with Locust pegs, when his maple fell short. An investigation took place, and the stolen property was found in the possession of Col. Lud- low's men, billeted at Herricks. — Ed. 316. Poughkeepsie, Nov. 30, 1781. Sir — The bearer, Mr. Cornell, informs me we have friends on Long Island, who have expressed a desire of advancing a sum of money for the use of the State, if they could be assur- ed it would be acceptable. I may venture to assure you it will be rendering your country an essential service ; and that the most effectual measures are adopted by the State to secure such as shall in this way become creditors of the public. I am, with great esteem, Your most obedient servant, GEO. CLINTON. Col. John Sands, Cow Neck, L. I. NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 175 State of New- York, ss. I hereby pledge the faith of said State for the re-payment of the sum of one thousand pounds, current money of said State, in specie, with interest, at the rate of six per cent, per annum, to John Sands, Esq., or order, within one year after the conclusion of the present war with Great Britain. Given at Poughkeepsie, this 1st day of June, 1782. Witness, Geo. Trimble. GEO. CLINTON. [Of the above sum. Maj. R. Thorne furnished £200; John Thorne, £200; John Sands, £400; and Daniel Whitehead Kissam, £200.] Maj. Hendrick Wyckoff, of New Lots, carried over large sums. The plan he usually adopted, says Gen. Johnson, was this. He crossed the Sound from Connecticut, secreted him- self at Cow Neck, (usually at Peter Onderdonk's,) then went by night to the west end of Long Island. He had blank notes, signed by Gov. Clinton. These he filled up to certain indi- viduals for such sums as he received. When he had a load (for he had to carry specie) he returned stealthily to Mr. O.'s, and so re-crossed the Sound. These notes were paid after the peace. B. Sands also crossed the Sound in a row boat with gold in a belt around his body. A guard received him on the Main and conveyed the money to Clinton.* — Ed. * James Jay was taken and put in Provost, April 17, '82. He had papers from Gov. Clinton, authorizing him to borrow money from New- York city, or Long Island. Maj. Brush also borrowed in Suffolk. — Ed. 317. Jan. 23, '82, Riv. Died of dysentery, at Col. Wurmb's quarters, Westbury, Lieut. Forbes, who was interred near the meeting house. His funeral was attended by all the Hessian officers, and part of the 17th Light Dragoons, who paid the deceased military honors. Burial service at the grave by the chaplain of the Lion ship of war. 318. July 20, '82, Riv. At auction, July 22d, at the Wind- mill Tavern, north side of Hempstead Plains, a number of horses, large and small wagons and carts, with harnesses, lately discharged out of government service. 319. July 31, '82, Riv. Strayed from Col. Wurmb's, at the camp, on Windmill Plains, a mare, marked G. E. D. R. 176 ARMED OCCUPATION. 320. Aug. 20, '82, Riv. Two guineas reward. Run away from Dr. David Brooks, at Cow Neck, a negro boy, Ben. He had on a brown coat, pewter buttons, round black hat. 321. Aug. 28, '82, Riv. Last week a store north side of Hempstead Plains, was robbed of goods and cash to the amount of more than £1200, by persons unknown. [Was this ' R. Townsend's?— Ed.] 322. Oct. 9, '82, Riv. On Sunday evening, Sept. 29, a party of Skinners landed in a whale boat at Cow Neck, robbed two families of the name of Hewlett,* and committed several other acts of violence. Some inhabitants suspecting where they landed, captured their boat and keeper, which the Skin- ners soon came to the knowledge of, when they took the route to Butler's Creek, at Oyster Bay, where they seized a boat and escaped to the Main, with the loss of only one of their party. * Only one was robbed, as appears by the dying confession of Richard Barrick, hung at Cambridge, Mass, Nov. 18, '84, for highway robbery. " In England I was apprehended on a suspicion of robbery, and sent on board a vessel, [the Liverpool, wrecked on Rockaway Beach, Feb. 15, 78,] in which I came to New-York. Then I deserted and came to Long Island and lived with Mr. Valentine Williams. I left him and lived with Mr. Kirk fifteen months, intending to learn the paper making business. I left Mr. Kirk and went to Horse Neck, intending to go to the place whence I came, and follow my old trade of basket making. Soon after this, I and my comrades went to Long Island with an intent to rob James Hewlett : but the weather being very severe, we turned back. On our return, we met with a British vessel, which we boarded and carried into Stamford. We then went back to Mr. Hewlett's in the night, and told him he must get up, for his brother's child was very sick. He supposing us to be robbers, called for his firelock. We then forced in at the windows, and demanded his money. He said he had none ; but his wife asked us how much we wanted. I answered, £100. Mr. H. then went down cellar with a light in his hand, and we followed him. He took a horn from under a hogshead, which contained 190 odd guineas. He then attempted to count out our £100, which we had demanded ; but we told him as he had made some resistance at first, we would take all he had. He then gave us another horn, which contained about 40 guineas : then he gave us a number of dollars. We went out of NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 177 the house, but soon concluded that if he had so many guineas, it was more than probable he had some other sort of gold : we therefore went back and demanded the remainder. Then he gave us another horn, containing 32 half joes. We also took his plate and clothing, to the value of $400. Soon after this, I was taken and put under guard on Long Island. The Col. ordered me from Long Island to New- York gaol for trial ; where I remained three weeks, and then broke gaol. I returned to Greenwich, and was there re-taken for the same crime and carried back to New- York, I broke out a second time, and returned to Greenwich." * * * * 323. Oct. 26, '82, Riv. On Thursday evening, about 20 rebels landed near Cow Neck, attacked the houses of James Burr and John Burtis, blacksmith, killed Burr and robbed .his store of every thing valuable ; but in the attack of Burtis, their leader, a Capt. Martin, of Massachusetts, (with his commission in his pocket,) was killed. They carried off three of their party, supposed to be badly wounded. [There were two whale boats, with muffled oars. The men landed at Thome's dock (now Judge Kissam's,) and proceeded to Burr's store, (now H. Morrell's,) Manhasset Valley. Burr had been robbed once before, and slept in the store with his gun ready loaded. As soon as they demanded admittance, he fired. Judging of his position by the report, the robbers fired diagonally through the front corners of the store. Burr received a ball in his body, went to the bedside, told his little brother he was a dead man, and fell. Being unable to force open the door, the robbers ripped off the boards and entered through the side of the store, and load- ed themselves with goods. As they returned, and were round- ing the corner of Burtis's shop, west of the house now Dr. Purdy's, David Jervis, an apprentice boy, fired on them, one after another, from the second story, Mr. Burtis loading the guns and Molly, his wife, handing powder. In this, way sev- eral were wounded, till at last came their leader, Capt. Martin, staggering under an enormous load of goods, who received a buckshot in the centre of his forehead, and had his breast also tattooed with shot. Throwing down his carbine, he stumbled up the hill north of Dr. Purdy's, dropping his load by the way, and fell down dead on the summit, where his body was dis- 178 ARMED OCCUPATION. covered by George O. The firing alarmed the neighbors, who had now assembled in great numbers. Before it was yet day, J. O. was dispatched for Major Kissam, who came and held an examination. In Martin's pocket-book were found a list of his crew, and a captain's commission from the State of Massachusetts, authorizing him " to cruise against the enemies of the United States," but not to go on land. Capt. Martin's clothes, shoes with silver buckles, and watch, together with the guns dropped in the flight, were given to Jervis. He was also presented with a pair of new pistols, as a reward for his heroic daring. Jervis had on a previous occasion beat off a party of whale boatmen, and wounded one Jim Brown. Martin's body was buried in a corner of Martin Schenck's land, south of the Episcopal church. The rest of the gang escaped to their boats, which were seen by J. O. during the alarm of the firing slowly dropping down the bay to a precon- certed spot, probably Mitchell's landing. The night was over- cast. J. O., a lad of sixteen, was sent with a gun in the young locust north-east of his father's house (now C. Pearsall's) to fire an alarm in case the house was attacked, when a fellow ran up to him, crying out, " D — n their blood, they've wounded me ! " On discovering his mistake, he made off, and was out of sight in an instant. Capt. Martin had been a lucky fellow, as appears by the following captures. — Ed. July 4, '82. St. Martin and Reynolds Finch took a small boat and two schooners, with their cargoes, and several small boats and their cargoes, engaged in the illicit trade in Long Island Sound. Aug. 2, '82. St. Martin and others took the schooner Scape, Nath. Porter, master, 80 tons, loaded with wood ; two small sloops, 15 tons each, the Good Intent, J. Avery master, and a whale boat, Jesse Soper master, loaded with British goods — all taken in the Sound. Sept. 16, '82. St. Martin took two schooners and their cargoes, Polly and Betsey, of 50 and 40 tons each. 324. Before Dec. 3, '82, the Dolphin, John Thorne, Jr., was captured in Long Island Sound. 325. Ap. 19, '83, Riv. Persons having any demands against Lt. Saltonstall, of the Royal Welch Fusileers, [or 23d Reg't of NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 179 Foot] will give in their accounts to Capt. Peter, paymaster, at Herrick's. 326. Ap. 28, '83, Gaine. A match for 200 guineas, May 29, over New Market course, Hempstead Plains, between John Talman's Eclipse and Jacob Jackson's Young Slow and Easy, the best two in three four mile heats. 327. On a fine moonlight evening, May 13, 1783, six whale- boatmen landed at the cleft near the house of John Mitchell. They lay concealed in his nursery till the guard left the house and the family had retired to rest, when they broke open the front door with a stone as large as a man could well manage. As they pushed open the door leading from the hall to the room where Mr. Mitchell slept, he fired through the door and wounded a man. The robbers also fired, but missed. Then they forced open the door and beat Mr. Mitchell and his aged father on the head with the butt end of their muskets. They at length escaped from the robbers, and ran for aid to Israel Baxter's, where the guard had gone. Benj. M. then came down stairs, and as he looked in the door, one of the robbers, named Jackson. w 7 ho had lived in the family, asked him i; if he knew him." Benjamin replied, "Yes." " Then you never shall again." He was then seized and led out in front of the house, and (though he told them he was but a boy) shot through the body with two balls, by Jackson, while an accom- plice held their victim fast. The mother heard the fatal report. She also, as she stood with an infant in her arms, was seized, and beaten till she fainted. The villains had now become so alarmed, that they gave up all hopes of plunder, and fled before the father could return with the guard. A dead body was discovered on the ground, supposed to be one of the robbers, but a closer examination re- vealed the shocking truth. He gave signs of life, but never spoke. A pistol lay near him that had been broken by a blow on the side of his head. The afflicted father was unsparing in his efforts to bring these villains to justice. Two were some time after seized in a marauding expedition in the brushwood on Hog Island, and put under guard at Searingtown, but they contrived to escape. 180 AKiViiiU OCCUPATION. Two years after, Jackson was hung at St. John's, and while under the gallows was very contrite for his sins, and said " there was only one thing he dared not hope pardon for — that was the murder of Benjamin Mitchell." 328. May 17, '83, Riv. Those inhabitants that have any demands against Ensign Vockerrorth, of the Hessian Regi- ment de Knoblauch, will bring them before the court martial of said regiment, at Herricks, by June 6. F. A. HUBER, Judge Advocate. DePORBECK, Col. and ComdH. 329. Ob. Valentine, born on Long Island, but residing in Connecticut, charged before Judge Ludlow of breaking into the house of P. Sniffen, Hempstead Harbor, was in the Pro- vost from May 28, '83, till the evacuation. — Riv. 330. Israel Baxter had two market boats cut out of Cow Bay, and a wood sloop taken off Success Rock. She was boarded through the cabin windows. The captain was not on board and the hands made little or no resistance. Once off Hewlett's Point Capt. B. was becalmed. Sud- denly some whale boats rowed up, fired and riddled his sails. He allowed them to draw quite near, when he discharged his swivels on them. The boats made off, when some negroes on the Long Island shore, attracted by the firing, hurraed. This was too much for the Yankees : they put about and fired a blunderbuss at the negroes, who fell down or scampered off, and were out of sight in an instant. Capt. B. had a swivel mounted on a stump in the pines on the hill, overlooking the dock (now Mill-dam) where his boat lay. Expecting an attack one night, he wound his cable around the rudder, waited the approach of the whale boats, and then fired down on them as they were vainly trying to get her off. The men then landed and tried to surround their as- sailants, but failed, though they nearly touched them in the dark. They then abandoned their prize. Capt. St. Thorne had two wood boats taken out of Cow Bay in one night — one from A. O.'s landing. One of the gang afterwards deserted, and being a worthless fellow, charged Win. Cornwell, at whose house they had stopped, with giving NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 181 information. In consequence, Cornwell had most of his wood cut off for the King's use, and he and Hewlett Cornwell were put in Jamaica jail. Adrian O. barely escaped the same fate, for the fellow pretended to recognize him as one of the Whigs present at W. CornwelPs that night; but he was enabled to prove his absence by the great number of passengers who were that very night at his house, intending to go to New- York by the sloop which was cut out in their sight and hearing. Young St. Thorne rode about the Neck with the informer, and called on the principal Whigs, with hopes of his identifying them with those said to have been at CornwelPs. The whale boats were sometimes caught in a snare. Rob't Thorne, innkeeper, at Latham's (now Mitchell's) Mill, had a small sloop. Capt. Jos. Thorne,* with twelve armed men. was secreted in her hold. As they rowed into the Soun 1, a whale boat put out from Huckleberry Island. As soon as she came alongside, the armed men rushed on deck and pointed their guns down on the astonished crew, who instantly gave up. The prisoners were marched under a guard of militia (of which John Morrell was one) to Col. Hamilton at Flushing, and thence taken to the prison ship. A whale boat attempted to take out Geo. Cornell's sloop from the east side of Great Neck, (B. Wolley's landing.) A party landed and proceeded along shore, keeping even with their boat. John Morrell. who. with Peter Baker, was on guard that night, hearing a noise, but seeing nothing, fired. Instantly he found himself between two fires, but luckily escaped. A buttonwood near him was marked with bullets. The sloop happened to be aground, and so was saved. The men went in John Morrell's house, who, making the best of the matter, set a bottle of spirits on the table, of which they good-humoredly partook, and went off. They also dropped in at Wm. Mitch- ell's, but were not so civil. * He was a wagon-maker, and kept a body of refugees in his house, (since St. Sell's,) and usually had a swivel mounted over his door to fire down on any assailants. 331. Martin Schenck was robbed once before and once after February, 1782. The first time, some of the new raised corps 1S2 ARMED OCCUPATION. at Hcrricks carried off great quantities of linen — sixty shirts ami other articles of small value. They took him under n tree and threatened to strangle him unless lie would give up his money. He was rescued by the intrepidity of his wife. Complaint was made to the commanding officer, who had his men arranged in a circle for Schenck to point out the offenders, but as the officers seemed bent on screening* them, and there was much unfairness in the examination, no redress was ob- tained. On another evening, a knocking was heard at the door, which was incautiously opened by his niece. On seeing two men with guns, their faces blackened and concealed by bonnets, she said, she " hoped they meant no harm." " Oh no, only wanted to sec Mr. Schenck." As she led the way to his bedroom, one of the ruffians followed and seized Schenck before he could get his gun. They then demanded his money. As Schenck was edging off toward his gun, he tripped, when he received a musket blow, which disabled his arm. He, however, escaped to the cellar, whither they durst not follow. As they left the house, with some trifling articles of plunder, he saw them turn up the road toward the meeting-house, and calling his slaves from the barn, made chase, but to no purpose. They were supposed to be refugees. The dogs in the neighborhood had been shot a fortnight before, so that these guardians of the night might give no alarm. * " The provincial corps," or soldiers raised in America, were fre- quently abandoned men, fugitives from justice, who enlisted to escape punishment. Even such recruits were hard to be obtained at a high bounty ; and if they committed a crime, the officers were loth to lose them or give them up to punishment — to replace them was so difficult. 332. A gang surrounded the house of Michael Mudge and knocked at the door, when Daniel, his son, asked who was there. " Friends," was the reply. The door not being opened immediately, they added. " It will be better for you to let us in." Thereupon the frail door was opened, when three men entered, (one had on a hair cap, drawn down and tied under his chin, and his face blackened,) and proceeded to the room of the ao-ed father, whom they beat unmercifully, and run a gun- NORTH HEMPSTEAD. |0J muzzle in his cheek because he did not tell where his money was: and in truth he did not know, for lie had given it to his daughter-in-law. who had it in bed with her. He gave them his silver shoe-buckles, but because they were plain, they sup- posed them to be base metal, and threw them back in his face. They then rummaged every part of the house, went up the kitchen stairs, and bid the negroes lie still. At last, to frighten the rest of the family into a disclosure, they brought the old man into his daughter-in-law ; s bedroom, the blood trickling down his head behind both ears, and joining in one stream under his chin, so that his throat seemed cut. The family then gave up. A bag of silver was brought forth. They opened it and ex- claimed. :: Not a single guinea!" Directly eyeing a bag inad- vertently left under a table, which proved to be filled with gold, in the rage of disappointment they dragged the daughter- in-law out of bed with her infant in her arms. She managed, however, to save a part of the remaining gold. During the search, the robbers every now and then went to the door to consult with those outside, and returned with increased fury. When they left, they blew out the lights, and bid Daniel ( was following to see what road they tookj to stay in doors. This gang wag supposed to have been harbored by John Thomas, who lived at Col. SandVs, water-side, whale boats having often been seen hid in the bushes by his house. 333. Israel Pearsall was twice beset by robbers : in both cases they had poor success, once only carrying off some spoons and linen. On one occasion. Israel was lying in his bed in the early part of the evening, when word was brought him that robbers were below. He ran for the garret, turned the key on the robbers while they were yet at the foot of the stairs, ran out on the roof, got behind a chimney and cried murder. It was heard at D. Mudge ? s. who fired an alarm, and then it was pop ! pop ! pop ! all over the neighborhood : where- at the robbers hastily decamped, vowing vengeance to the man on the roof. Israel had a maiden sister who had been at a house in Cedar Swamp that this same gang had previously robbed. She sang out to them from an upper window. ,; What do you 184 ARMED OCCUPATION. want ?" Instantly recognizing her sharp voice, they cried out, " What, are you here, too ?" 334. To prevent robberies, a patrol was kept by the militia along shore. This duty was very laborious. The militia from Wolverhollow were required to patrol on the Sound and east side of Hempstead Harbor. One night the patrol there heard the whale boats rowing, when Tunis Bogart fired, and two boats put about instantly. As they neared Cow Neck shore, E. Hegeman, a patrol on that side, also fired. One of the crew jumped up, napped his arms, and crowed out defiance. They then returned to the Main without effecting their design, which was to rob a store at Herricks. It was not unusual for the whale- boatmen to make a circuitous overland march, so as to escape detection in case of alarm, for those robbed would be apt to take the nearest route to the water-side. There was a mounted Hessian patrol also. 335. As all money was of silver or gold, and as there were no banks for safe- keeping, and few opportunities for investing, each man became his own banker. For fear of robbery, the money was buried in earthen vessels, wrapped in paper and hid under a stone, thrust behind a joist, or between the roof and rafters, laid under the hearth, put in a tea-kettle, or se- creted in any way that ingenuity could devise. But what availed all this, if the owner should unluckily be caught and put to the torture ? To escape this, men often slept for months in outhouses, bushes, or obscure places. These treasures were sometimes forgotten, or the owners died before revealing the secret. Hence, for years, it was not unusual to find money when tearing down old houses, removing fences, or digging in cellars. 336. It would be impossible to narrate all the exploits and outrages committed in North Hempstead. Suffice it to say, that Richard Townsend, storekeeper, (now H. Titus's,) North Side, was carried off in the night to Connecticut by a party under A. Cornwell, and subsequently paroled. They also took off a wagon load of his goods, which were sold be- fore his eyes. — The house of James Pool, and a store kept in one of his outbuildings, were visited by a party from the Main. NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 185 headed by Wright Craft. They left their borrrowed horses with a sentry at the pond northwest of his house, which they loaded with booty, and returned in safety. Hoyt, to prevent similar visits, built a blockhouse, bullet proof, (since removed to Herricks.) with port holes in the second story, in which he kept store. — Rich. Hewlett was robbed, 1783 ; also Derick Albertson, among other articles, of his wedding shirt. — Tredwell Smith's store, Searingtown, was robbed, but most of the goods were found secreted in the Harbor Hills. — In altering some fence of A. O., near the Friends' meeting-house, silver spoons marked J. S. were found, evidently stolen and hid there by the picket guard. They were restored to John Searing on his producing one to match. — Cornelius Cornwell, north of Success, (since Isaac Downing's,) was robbed of $100, the property of Miss Clements, a girl living in his family. Being deaf, he heard no noise, but felt a jarring as the soldiers forced in the door. He sprang up and made at them with a trammel rod, and would have beaten them off, but unluckily it broke across a musket that a soldier held up to ward off the blow. They left traces of blood for a mile or two from the house in the direction of Hempstead. — The widow Cornwell, at Success Pond, (now S. Garretson's,) was robbed by soldiers from Hempstead, who had their faces and hands blackened with a solution of gunpowder. They broke open whatever was locked, acted ferociously, and struck with an axe at Thomas Pearsall, her son-in-law, as he came in the room and tendered them all the money he had. On leaving the house they threw into a snow-bank the plated candlestick they had used. — Wm. Mott, of Great Neck, was robbed and dreadfully beat on the head to make him give up his money ; his horses and cattle were driven off, and a negro shot east of his house. — Adam, father of Samuel Mott, Cow Neck, was robbed. Eliza Cornelius (since Mrs. Jervis) was forced at the bayonet's point to show the robbers about the house. The Hessians were billeted on the inhabitants at North Side, (using the school-house south of Obadiah Townsend's as a hospital ;) at Westbury ; on Cow Neck, (the school-house at Flower Hill being occupied one winter, so that Master El- bert Hegeman discontinued his school ;) at Success, (occupying 183 ARMED OCCUPATION. the Dutch church ;) at Great Neck, (using Abm. Schenck's barn as a hospital ;) along the head of Cow Neck, (occupying the school-house north of John T. Mitchell's ;) and at Herricks. They had picket guards in a house at Judge Mitchell's land- ing, at Friends' meeting-house, and at Harris's Hill : and en- campments at Herricks, Success, and on a slope southeast of D. R. Schenck's, Great Neck. The provincial corps also lay at Herricks. and in the orchard of Wm. Tredwell, northeast of Success church ; on the site of the Episcopal church were tents, and in the rear stables for cavalry horses. There, on land (now Judge O.'s) might be seen Hessians with black gaiters, drilled so as to manoeuvre with the mechanical precision of au- tomatons. Col. Janecke was quartered at Dr. Latham's, (now Judge Mitchell's,) and had two swivels mounted before the house. His men lay in the orchard west of the mill brook, and onB. Kissam's land, (now Warren Mitchell's.) Almost every tree top was cut off to make huts. None could be more handy with a hatchet than a Hessian : of course fences stood no chance near a camp. The Hessians were a kind, peaceable people, inveterately fond of smoking, and pea-coffee : their offences were of the sly kind, such as stealing at night, while the British and " New raised Corps " were insolent, domineer- ing, and inclined to violence, robbery, and bloodshed. 337. N. York Gaz., June 23, '84. Whereas, several per- sons came into my house at Cow Neck, on Friday evening last, and burglariously carried away a silver watch, a silver tankard, some silver spoons, and a sum of money, two pair of velvet breeches, a light-colored great coat, several shirts, shifts, stockings, and handkerchiefs ; and whereas, from the sugges- tion of others, I was induceu to suspect Capt. Look and his crew of committing said robbery ; but upon an investigation before the Mayor, I am satisfied of their innocence ; I hereby offer a reward of $100 for the discovery of the men who robbed me, and a generous gratification for the recovery of all, or any part of my property. THOMAS THORNE. New- York, June 22. [It was towards evening that a number of men were seen to land at Thos. Thome's, (now R. Cornell's,) east side of NORTH HEMPSTEAD. 187 Manhasset. They secreted themselves till the family were at supper, when, leaving- a watch outside, they entered, put the fa- mily in one room under guard, and searched the house. After securing their booty, they fitted themselves to new hats from the house, making a bonfire of their old ones. One of the women had a purse of gold, and in her fright threw it down, she knew not where. It fell in a wool-basket and escaped notice. James Gowdy had just returned from Nova Scotia, and left a bag of specie at the house for the night, it being too heavy to carry with him. Some time after, a silversmith in New-York was reading the advertisement of the robbery, when a person brought in the tankard to sell. He agreed to buy it, but not having weights enough, he stepped out and brought back, not weights, but a police officer, and had the man arrested. On his infor- mation three others were seized on Long Island, ironed at Embury Hewlett's, a blacksmith, (now the yellow house of — — Williams, North Side.) Here they were kept under militia guard some time, there being no jail, and then taken to New- York for safe keeping, and thence brought up for trial before John Sloss Hobart. in the old stone Presbyterian church at Ja- maica. They were ironed together and guarded in the second story of Betts's tavern, since Creed's. They were convicted of robbery and burglary on the evidence of Patty Lawrence, a girl in the family, (afterwards wife of Israel Baxter.) who identified the stolen articles as they were placed on the com- munion table ; and of old Ramage. the ringleader, who turned state's evidence with hopes of pardon. After sentence of death, they were taken to New-York in a covered wagon, es- corted by six mounted Jamaica militia, and Uriah Mitchell, sheriff. Tuesday morning, Nov. 22, '84, they were brought up in irons to Jamaica, for execution. A gallows with three hooks was erected on the east side of Beaver Pond. Immense crowds assembled ; a large old oak near the gallows, was alive with spectators. While the three criminals stood under the gallows with ropes around their necks ready to swing, a messenger galloped up with a pardon for Brown. Wm. Guthry shook his head at this partiality. Joseph Alexander, a fine-looking young man. 188 ARMED OCCUPATION. eaid he supposed there would be confessions hawked about, (as was the case,) but that he had made none except to his Maker. He bid all profit by his example.* This was his first offence. The two bodies were buried by the Pond, but were probably disinterred by the surgeons. Brown was a young man decoyed into the scrape (as per- haps were the rest) by Ramage, and had a wealthy and respect- able father in Massachusetts, who prevailed on Gov. Hancock to write a letter in his behalf. He also made good all losses occasioned by the robbery. James Ramage, an Irishman, said it was the third time he had stood on his coffin. He took leave of his two victims with the utmost unconcern ; while Brown trembled so much that he could hardly go through the ceremony. Ramage, 'tis said, had hardly reached New-York before he fell to stealing, and was chained to a wheelbarrow. He ended his days on the gallows in New Jersey or Pennsylvania. Soon after the above robbery, a trunk of Thome's papers was brought to Adam Mott's, and a reward claimed — the rob- bers at the same time holding the trunk over the fire and threat- ening to burn it if the money was not forthcoming. But if Adam went for the money, the robbers would know where he kept it hid. He went to a neighbor's, the robbers followed, and the same predicament. It was at last agreed that both parties should stay in the house, while a messenger was sent alone to another neighbor's. The money was obtained, and the robbers departed. — Ed.'] * It is said one of the criminals became very serious, and had a Bible and Psalm Book with him. A minister preached to them from a wagon before the gallows. HEMPSTEAD. 338. Hempstead was a small village in the war, only nine houses between the brooks, three taverns, viz. : Sammis's, Si- monson's (now Anderson's,) and opposite, Jacobus Lawrence's, who could boast of nine good feather-beds, and entertained all the gentry. Hempstead was selected as one of their outposts by the HEMPSTEAD. 189 British, and as convenient quarters for their light-horse, who would be near the city in case of attack, and could also make excursions to gather forage, &c, for the city, and scour the country when the rebels landed from the Main. The streets were garnished with sentry boxes, and the horse patroled for miles around. Col. Birch was quartered at Capt. Pintard's, (now Mrs. Thome's.) When the troops first came here in '78, they used the Pres- byterian church as a barrack for soldiers. J. A. was impressed to cart brick from Brower's kiln, Rockaway, to build a chimney therein. The church was used as a guard house, and prison also. J. J. has seen culprits flogged at the whipping-post in it. At last the floor was ripped up, the sills taken out, and the building turned into a riding school for drilling the light-horse. The grave stones were used for fire-backs, hearths and oven-bottoms, so that the impress of the letters was left on the loaves. On the oatside of the church were rings to which soldiers were suspended by one hand with their foot resting on a sharp stake or picket set in the ground, the remaining hand and foot being tied together. These pickets were occasionlly of iron, and, by the writhings of the sufferer, would sometimes pierce through the foot. The culprit was then sent to the hospital, and would often be lame for weeks. There were also pickets in the rear of Simonson's barn, the rope running over the roof. This torture couid be endured only for a short time. Some- times by the connivance of the guard a chip or dollar might be slipped under the stocking. This was the punishment of the light-horse. The Hessians ran the gauntlet ; that is, the cul- prit walked between two files of soldiers, each of whom gave him a blow with a birch rod, an officer walking before the cri- minal so that he should not go too fast, and another seeing that each soldier gave a good hearty blow. An apple-tree east of the Presbyterian burying ground, was also used as a whipping-post. Here J. B. saw two deserters of the 60th receive, as was said, 1000 lashes save one. The blue facing of their red coats was torn off, and they were then turned out of the regiment. 9* 190 ARMED OCCUPATION. There were huts for the soldiers built of sods, with ridge poles, east of the village, along the brook. Boards were in great demand for barracks and stables, and they were taken wherever found. A. O. had some excellent Albany boards selected for repair- ing his house, which were carried off to Hempstead. The Presbyterian church, at Foster's Meadow, was taken to pieces, and I. D. assisted in removing it to Hempstead. A chimney was built in each end. — W. Hart was at school in the Presby- terian church at Islip, when a company of light-horse rode up and bid the teacher dismiss school, and the boys take their books home. In a few hours, the church, boards, timbers and all, were carted in six-horse wagons to Hempstead. The poor- house, a long building, was also used as a barrack. Probably many other outbuildings were taken to pieces. Soldiers were at times billeted for three or four miles around Hempstead. The school-house at Christian Hook was occu- pied by some of the 60th regiment. A half-pay officer hung himself by a strip of linen at the Parsonage Bars. There were Hessians at L. Cornell's mill, and at Patrick Mott's, (now Si- monson's.) The light-horse (16th and 17th united) lay at Hempstead every winter, from '78 till the peace, and occasionally in the summer, when they also lay about the county in tents. Their horses were turned out to pasture on the salt meadows, and sometimes in clover fields just ready to be cut, or into oats as it was heading out, and continued there till the crop was ruined. A fixed price, though very inadequate, was usually allowed for the damage. The horsemen wore a brass cap, sword proof, (shape of a jockey cap,) surmounted by a cone, from which chesnut colored hair dangled down upon their shoulders, a red coat, spurs, black boots, buckskin breeches, (kept of a bright yellow with a buff- ball,) and had a long sword, with a carbine supported by the muzzle in a socket at the stirrup. These horsemen were called the u Queen's Own," and were a model of discipline and beauty, and when mounted on their noble chargers, 16 hands high, they were indeed formidable. They would lash on behind them hay for a week's expedi- HEMPSTEAD. 191 tion, twisted and trussed up like a bundle of cord. Their oats (large black and white) and peas came from England, and with other foreign articles, were landed at White Stone, and con- veyed over land to Hempstead.* So wearied were the farm- ers with this vexatious labor, that they became desperate, and would let a hogshead of rum roll full tilt against something to set it a leaking, and then fall to and drink. * Hence, Black Stump got its name. A lane was opened in carting, by a black stump. One night before the troops were to set out on an expedi- tion, a stable w T ith all its horses was burnt, supposed to be the work of some one impressed, who did not wish to go with them. The horses stood on poles laid lengthwise, or on sand daily renewed. The wood-yard and hay magazine were north of Sammis's Inn, enclosed and guarded. There were to be seen numerous long stacks of hay, containing 100 or 200 loads. The wood or hay was inspected as the farmers brought it in, and certifi- cates given, payable at the Forage Office, N. Y. Once G. H. was carting wood, and the inspector, (who was also sutler,) wanted some cider, ($8 a barrel.) But Mr. H. had to bring his cord a day, and so had no time to bring the ci- der. " Bring the eider" said the sutler, emphatically. H. took the hint, corded in a barrel of cider with the wood, and all passed inspection ; and so he kept on till all the cider was de- livered, and saved as much wood in each cord as the space occupied by the barrel. The Rev. L. Cutting taught school, and preached here, at Huntington, and Oyster Bay. From the disorder of the times, religion was at a low ebb. G. J. has attended church here, (when the Chaplain of the light-horse preached,) and there was but one citizen present 339. Charles Doughty, of Hempstead, lost a purse contain- ing 3 half joes, 4 guineas, 1 pistole, 1 quarter joe, and $15. April 21, '77, Gaine. 340. Aug. 25, '77, Gaine. When Parsons attacked Setauket, the militia of Queens turned out to support the Royal cause ; 192 ARMED OCCUPATION. but the rebels went off with such precipitation, that the militia returned before reaching Setauket. 341. Sept. 1, '77, Gaine. The report we had last Friday that 2000 rebels had again landed, was false ; yet, two re- giments from New- York got as far as Newtown. The militia of Q,ueens turned out also in great numbers, but were soon or- dered to return. 342. Dec, 20, '77, Riv. 200 rebels having landed near Se- tauket,* Maj. Greene, of Delancy's 1st battalion, marched on Thursday with 100 men; and 200 Hempstead militia have likewise gone down to augment the advanced body of horse and foot under Col. Hewlett, at Huntington. [Gaine adds, that " Colonel Hewlett, with a party of Gen. Delancy's brigade, Col. Hamilton, with a troop of horse from Newtown, and Capt. Hewlett, with his troop of horse from Hempstead, are gone in pursuit of the rebels to the east, and it is hoped will give a good account of them." Dec. 15. '77, Gaine. — Ed.'] [* When the Americans landed on the east parts of Long Island, the alarm was transmitted west by beacons from Norwich Hill to Beacon Hill, and thence to the Fort at Whitestone, and thence to New-York by a discharge of cannon. The alarm-pole at Flushing conveyed the news across to Jamaica, where usually most soldiers lay. The night beacon (composed of wood standing endwise about 20 feet high) made a bright blaze ; the day beacon, composed of brushwood, &c, made a thick smoke only. These were guarded by the militia to prevent their being fired maliciously. — Ed.] 343. Wanted, a proper person to open a school at Hemp- stead, for teaching writing, arithmetic, and the elements of ge- ometry. Apply to the Rev. Mr. Cutting or Judge Ludlow, at the Plains. June 8, '78. 344. July 27, '78, Gaine. Last Sunday week, a large flat schooner, [from D'Estaing's fleet that lay off the Hook,] with about 200 men in her, made an attempt to land a party of 30 or 40 at Rockaway beach, with an intention, as is conjectured, to take some cattle. — A party of seven of Gov. Wentworth's volunteers observed their approach and advanced directly towards them. Keen as the appetites of the Frenchmen generally are for the beef of England, they did not incline to risk a contest, but with HEMPSTEAD. 193 the sprightliness and activity peculiar to that polite nation, on such occasions, they turned tail to and run away. 345. Oct. 12, '78, Gaine. A small sloop and two petty au- gers were taken last Monday, near Rockaway. 346. Nov. 23, '78, Gaine. Died, Saturday last, at his seat at Rockaway, the Hon. Josiah Martin, late Governor of North Carolina, aged 79. 347. Hempstead, June 29, '79, Riv. On Saturday, we were alarmed with an account that six whale boats, manned with 8, 9, and 10 men each, had entered our bay. seized two negroes belonging to Capt. St. Hewlett, burnt a schooner and a large hay boat, and taken a loaded sloop at Hog Island, intended for the New- York market. Three of the Hempstead militia Capts., viz. : Hicks, Benj. Hewlett, and Seaman, instantly mustered their companies, (and the men, to do them justice, turned out with alacrity, and behaved with a spirit becoming the subjects of King George.) Early on Sunday morning they retook the sloop, the two negroes, and captured two of the whale boats, completely armed with swivels as well as small arms, and man- ned with 17 hands. It was supposed the other four boats had returned to the eastward, but at 2 P. M., the alarm was again given, that the four whale boats, joined by two others, had returned in the bay, and it was supposed, intended retaking the sloop and the two prize whale boats. The same three companies again mus- tered, repaired to the place appointed, and with the assistance of the two taken whale boats, which they manned, and some old crazy hay boats, boldly attacked the six remaining rebel boats, took three of them completely armed, with 23 prisoners, and pursued the others for several miles, till they were fairly driven out of the country. Another account of the same affair. Last Sunday, two rebel whale boats, on board of which were 17 men, made their appearance at Hog Island, near Rocka- way. The militia were soon alarmed, and a party was dis- patched in two boats, whilst the others marched along shore and secreted themselves among the brush at the entrance 194 ARMED OCCUPATION. of and along the creek, at which they entered. The rebels had scarcely landed, when they observed the two boats coming into the inlet, on which, they endeavored to escape, but finding they were surrounded and fired on from all quarters, they sur- rendered. Sometime after, three others of the same gentry came row- ing along shore, and observing their two boats, made into the inlet, and fell also into the hands of the militia. These boats were fitted out at Saybrook, in Connecticut, with a brass two pounder in the bow of each, and had a commission from Gov. Trumbull to plunder the inhabitants of Long Island. The pris- oners, 41 in number, were brought to town yesterday. 348. July 4, '79, Riv. The Q,ueens Co. militia made some prisoners about this time. 349. $5 Reward. Ran away, Charles, a negro man, speaks good English, &c. N. B. Masters of vessels are desired not to carry him off. — July 13, '79. JOHN LEFFERTS, Hempstead. 350. Aug. 10, '79. Last Tuesday Dickie was exchanged.* * John Jackson's store, west of the mill-dam, at Merrick, was robbed by some whale boats under Capt. Dickie, who came up Jackson's Creek. Jackson was carried off with them, but the weather being unfavorable for going out, they hauled up at Crow Island House. The alarm was spread east and west,* and the militia went in pursuit. The western division consisted of a hay boat full of men, well armed, under Joseph Raynor. The eastern division, of a boat likewise filled, in which was my relator, G. Hewlett. When the boat from the east was seen coming down, Dickie determined to launch his boat and secure his plunder from the house, and try to escape. All hands were set to work. Shortly after the western boat hove in sight, when Dickie finding himself cut off, resolved to give battle, and formed his men, but on the nearer approach of the boats, finding himself so inferior in numbers, he concluded to surrender, and stacked his arms before the landing of the militia. The prisoners were sent to New-York. Dickie had previously plundered a craft of goods belonging to John Brotherton, storekeeper. Jackson ransomed his goods and the prize was sold and divided among the captors. * Braddock Seaman, who was riding west to spread the alarm, was shot in the thigh by two sentinels posted in a hedge south of the road, west of the dam, but galloped on to Capt. Stephen Hewlett's before he discovered his wound. HEMPSTEAD. 195 Not long after this, G. H. with two friends, was gunning on the marsh, when a whale boat rowed up, took his gun, silver sleeve buttons and some money ; and consulted among themselves whether they should take their hats and coats, but finally left them. Capt. David Jones had a swivel near his house, which he used more than once, but with what success is not now known. — Ed. 351. Aug. 13, '79, Riv. Hunting. — A number of excellent Fox hounds having with great difficulty been collected, there will be hunting every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, on Hempstead Plains. One guinea subscription to those who wish to partake of this amusement. Half a guinea given for a bag fox delivered to Cornet Stapleton, at Hempstead. Highest price for dead horses. [Some of the new raised corps lying at Herricks, came over one winter to hunt foxes at Near Rockaway. They were very rude, and finally killed and took off a great quantity of poultry. Capt. Hicks bid the owners make out their bills and send them to Herricks. They were instantly paid to prevent unpleasant consequences. — Ed.'] 352. Gaine, July 11, '80. Last Tuesday morning his Ma- jesty's ship Galatea run ashore near Hog Island, the sloop Revenue, privateer, of New London, W. Jagger, commander, fitted out by Joseph Woolridge, carrying 12 guns and 52 men. The vessel bilged, the men jumped overboard and swam ashore with their arms : on which 13 of the militia of Hempstead South, viz : Richard Green, Ezekiel Raynor, Isaac Smith, John Mott, Reuben Pine, Joseph Smith, Joseph Mott, Benjamin Palmer, Abel Southard, Joseph Rainer, W. R. Smith, [who was wounded,] Elijah Rainer, Amos Shaw, commanded by Ensign Elijah Wood, assembled, and after a skirmish of 6 hours, took 10 of the rebels prisoners, together with their boat. Mr. Wood was then reinforced by 26* more of the Hempstead South militia, when the remainder of the rebels were secured, and on Thursday all brought to the Main Guard in this city. *Lt. McKain, an officer W. Pearsall, Barnabas Smith, on half pay, Jas. Denton, David Pine, 196 ARMED OCCUPATION. Israel Smith, Jas. Southard, M. Demott, a trooper, Stephen Powell, Elijah Cornwall, Th. Burtis, a trooper, W. Johnson, Reuben Jackson, Wm. Burtis, Sarn'l Johnson, Benjamin Cornwall, Joseph Dorlon, Abm. Simonson, Elijah Handley, Joshua Pettet, Wm. Pettet, Venson, a refugee, Uriah Seaman. James Pettet, Morris Green, Alex. Dunlap, who commanded a boat with this party in it, is a North Briton, and a loyal Refugee, who bravely joined the militia of Loyal Queens, with whom the rebel crew capitulated. Six of the inhabitants of Hempstead South, who were made prisoners by this rebel crew, were happily retaken. 353. Aug: 9, '80, Riv. About 5 o'clock last Friday evening, an account was brought to Rockaway that two whale boats were at Hog Island, and had taken a schooner in the bay. Capt. Chas. Hicks, of the militia, mustered his company, and with a few volunteers in two boats, went in quest of them. Butstormy weather prevented their attacking them that evening. At 4 o'clock next morning, Capt. Hicks, to avoid the effusion of blood, sent a flag to inform the rebels that if they would sur- render prisoners, they should have good quarters ; this they would not comply with, when a smart action commenced ; but the enemy seeing that they could not escape, agreed to accept the first terms, and accordingly surrendered themselves pris- oners of war, 28 in number, among them a clergyman. (?) These two boats were 14 days from Brunswick, and had met with no success. One was commanded by W. Marriner, for- merly a cordwainer and oyster dealer of New- York, but of late a great rebel partisan. Mr. Dickie, the rebel Commissary, was also taken, who has ever proved a violent persecutor of the Royal officers and Loyalists who have fallen into his power. The boats were well filled and provided with all sorts of ammunition. None killed or wounded on either side. Sev- eral grapeshot went through Capt. Hicks's jacket. A more perfect account from an eye-witness. Last Friday evening about 6 o'clock, information was brought to Lt. Williams of Gov. Wentworth's Volunteers, the commanding officer of this post, that a party of rebels had HEMPSTEAD. 197 landed on Hog Island beach, and had taken a schooner in the bay. He immediately marched with 14 of his company and 14 of the 17th light dragoons to Pine's Landing ; from whence they proceeded in boats with Capt. Hewlett of the militia, and part of his company, to Hog Island, where they arrived at 9 that evening, and joined Capt. Hicks, who was there with part of his company: remained there till 2 next morning (by which time the militia had collected to the number of about 40,) then re-embarked and proceeded to the beach, where they all landed at daybreak without any other opposition than one musket fired by a rebel sentry, which was returned by two from us. The rebels then sent a flag and submitted themselves prisoners of war ; and were, with two remarkable fine boats taken from them, safely conducted to Rockaway by 6 the same morning, and left in care of Capt. Hicks. — Gaine, Aug. 2, '80. [Capt. Story says word was brought that a whale boat had taken Capt. Jo. Stout's schooner at Hog Island. James Pine rode to Hempstead for the light-horse, when 28 galloped down in 17 minutes. Pine's horse gave out and he mounted behind a trooper. These were taken aboard a hay-boat, and staid at Hog Island that night. At dawn they went in search of the whale boat. They saw a person swimming and then running on the mea- dows. It was Capt. Stout. They took him on board, and then rowed on till they reached the bar running north and south. As they were landing, a per- son rushed past. It was Capt. Marriner. He fired, but only hit the boat. The schooner and whale boat lay high and dry, the wind being southerly, and the whale boat ignorant of the channel. The militia had two carriage guns on a hill on the beach east of the schooner, ready to fire on her, if she should float and attempt to get off, but did not use it. As they neared the vessels a man whom the whale boats had made prisoner, Thomas Hutch- ings, came from them, waving a handkerchief on a stick for parley. Mar- riner proposed to surrender if he could be billeted at Hempstead. This was refused, when they surrendered at discretion, and were marched off to New- York. Only 28 persons, the real captors, shared the prize, though there were 200 militia collected around. Uriah Pearsall was one of this party. As they neared the shore, a sentry who lay in a hole he had dug in the sand to hide himself, fired and run. The ball entered the bow of the boat under the seats and so out of the stern, but hurt no one. The militia gave him " whistle tail" but did not touch him. The militia were not obliged to leave terra firma to attack whale boats, but many did so from patriotic motives or hopes of prize money. 198 ARMED OCCUPATION. Capt. Story, who owned a vessel in the oyster husiness at Blue Point, was captured three times. First, his schooner was taken while graving at Babylon, by Capt. Spooner, in a New London whale boat. He ran- somed her for 20 half joes and 9 guineas, and got a ransom bill for 25 days. The time had hardly elapsed when he was again taken by Spooner, but got off by giving $25 and 5 gallons of rum, (worth 18s. per gallon) as an acknowledgment to the Yankee crew. The captors off with their hats and gave three cheers for Capt. Story and his liberality. The third time, his boat was taken at Hog Island, by a Jersey whale boat, and as they could not get her out, Capt. Story was allowed to ransom her for £63. G. J. says, in the marshing season, a galley and whale boat from New Brunswick, under Capt. Barent Altrecht, came up Parsonage Creek and robbed Joseph Smith and Thomas Dorlon of two wagon loads of goods. The whale boats on the south side of Long Island were partly from Jersey and partly from New England. Their chief object was to capture oyster, clam, and wood boats, and vessels trading to and from New- York, which entered the inlets and so sailed in the south Bay. As the trading craft went armed, obstinate fights sometimes occurred. The eastern whale boats were carried on men's shoulders over the Island at Canoe Place, and launched in the South Bay. 354. On the night of January 10, '81, the family of Parme- nas Jackson at Jerusalem were aroused by the entrance of John Degraw and 6 other soldiers, who shutting up the rest of the fam- ily, demanded of Mr. J. his money, and on his refusing to disco- ver it, they hacked him so terribly on his head and arm (as it was uplifted to ward off the blows) that the wall overhead was spotted with blood, but he continuing resolute and hoping each blow would be the last, held out too long. They left him for dead, and attacked his father-in-law, Thomas Birdsall. an aged man, when his wife, to save her husband's life, disclosed the hid treasure in a bottle under the hearth. The robbers car- ried off $3000 in gold and silver, with divers articles of dress and furniture. The only words the wounded man ever spoke were " Lloyd's Neck ! Lloyd's Neck !" Judging from this that they were soldiers from Col. Ludlow's garrison, the neighbors forth- with posted off to Lloyd's Neck. One Voorhies rode a fleet horse* to Capt. Van Wyck's at E. Woods, who instantly ordered his servant to saddle his swiftest horse, and guided them to Lloyd's Neck, where they arrived before daylight. The roll was called, and a guard set on the narrow passage to the HEMPSTEAD. 199 Neck, when the robbers soon came up and were secured, with their booty on them. Mr. J. had a good deal of stock which he fattened on the Plains. From the sale of this he had amassed a large sum of money, which coming to the knowledge of the servant girl, she revealed the secret to Degraw, her brother, a soldier in Delan- cy's 3d battalion. The robbers were put on shipboard and sent to New- York for trial. Elgar, the worst one, jumped overboard, and was drowned. Degraw died in Provost. The fate of the rest is unknown, though it is said they were sent to the mines on the Spanish Main or to Honduras. Drs. Searing and Seabury attended Jackson and took off pieces of the skull to relieve the pressure on the brain, which was so exposed that its motions were visible. He survived nine days, when he died very hard, gasping for breath a long time, — aged 37. * This was Jacob Seaman's horse, Sloven, which was so broke down by this ride that he never recovered his former speed. To Thomas Van Wyck, Esq., Captain in the Loyal Queens County Militia : City Hall, New-York, Feb. 23, '81. Sir : It is with pleasure I sit down to inform you that I am desired by the Court to assure you that your humane, generous and manly exertion, in bringing to light the perpetration of so horrid a crime as the robbery and murder of Parmenas Jackson, of Jerusalem, now before us, not only demands the thanks of this Court, but merits also the love and esteem of every neighbor and fellow-citizen. I am, sir, with the highest respect, Your most obedient humble servant, JOHN BREESE, Major 54th Regiment, President. 355. Mar. 14, '81, Riv. Fifty Joes to be run for by Eclipse and Sturdy Beggar, at Capt. Tim. Cornell's Poles, Hempstead Plains, a single two mile heat. 356. Chatham, N. J., Apr. 18, '81. We hear the whale boats from Brunswick are making a very successful cruise to Long Island this week. 357. May 14, '81, Gaine. Last Thursday was brought into New- York, by a party of Long Island militia, a partisan rebel, 200 ARMED OCCUPATION. Capt. Dickie, of New BrunsAvick, with thirteen of his gang of plunderers. This doughty hero has rendered himself notorious by his expeditions on Long Island. 358. July 30, '81, Game. Nine Jersey plunderers in a rebel whale boat were taken by the Queens county militia yesterday, and brought to town. 359. Aug. 1, '81, Rlv. Last Saturday night, Capt. Hicks, of Queens county, heard of a whale boat being in Jamaica Bay, that had taken a sloop of Mr. [John] Mott, of Rockaway. He mustered twenty-five of his neighbors, and proceeded in three boats in search of the rebels. After rowing all night, he discovered the whale boat and her prize at anchor, under Bar- ren Island, which they determined to attack immediately. The rebels then manned their boats in the greatest confusion, and being cut off from the sea, made for the Flatlands, in Kings county. Hicks landed most of his men at Barren Island, to cut off their retreat, and pursued them with only five white and three black men, in two small skiffs. The rebels, after a long chase, abandoned their boat, with most of their arms, and fled into the woods ; but as Capt. Hicks has alarmed all the shore, he does not doubt the rebels will be secured. The whale boat is quite new, and had a heavy gun in her bow. A new whale boat to be sold at auction at Hicks's Tavern, Far Rockaway, Aug. 6. She is upwards of thirty-five feet long, rows eight oars, has two good sails and a large swivel. [Col. Hamilton forbids the above sale, because not reported to him by the captors in a proper and official manner. Ja's Abrams saw the above capture. The boatmen tried Plum Inlet, but as there was a fresh wind from the south, she was cut off. They then made for the Old Mill, (Schenck's.) The prize had a good store of meat and biscuit on board. The captors named her " Lady Washington," to enhance her value. The militia were not obliged to go off land to attack boats, but often volunteered to do so in hopes of prize money. A privateer was manned under Barren Island to escape the press gangs. She gave $2 a bushel for potatoes. Market boats were licensed to have a certain number of hands ; all over it were liable to be impressed. There were several hot presses in New- York ; many were taken off un- known to their friends, and never heard of after. — Ed.] HEMPSTEAD. 201 360. Sep. 25, '81. The sloop Restoration, Capt. Hart, of Saybrook, was driven ashore on a point of sand at Hempstead, south side of Long Island, one and a half miles from land, 6th inst., in the night, by a frigate, where his vessel lay till next day, when he was attacked by two militia companies, com- manded by Capts. David Jones and Seaman. Capt. Hart took Jones and eight men prisoners ;* but next morning he was at- tacked by five captain's companies, (three of foot and two of horse,) who sent off a flag demanding the surrender of his vessel, and his men to be given up as prisoners of war. Capt. Hart would not consent to these terms, but sent for answer that himself should be exchanged for Capt. Jones, and the men he had taken should be exchanged for an equal number of Jones's men, and all his other people should be permitted to return home unmolested, on parole j which terms were finally agreed on ; and Capt. Hart with his people returned Wednesday after. * The militia went down in a hay boat, landed Capt. Jones and a part of the men, when the Privateer fired a cannon, and the boat hauled off and left those on the bar to their fate. 361. May 8, '82. An account was yesterday brought to town that an enterprising rebel partisan, said to be Hyler, had landed a number of men on Hog Island, in the Sound (?) There were with him three whale boats and a small privateer. 362. June 10, '82, Gaine. Hyler's boats are now ranging on the south side of Long Island. People would sometimes take a spy-glass and climb on the roof of their houses, and if they saw any whale boats in the bay, they would re- move their valuables to a hiding place, leaving only a few articles in the house. The robbers would then ransack the house, curse them for their poverty, and depart. Stores were often nearly emptied in this way of an afternoon, and the goods replaced next morning. But if the owners were once caught, they were likely to be tortured till the goods were forth- coming. The alarm was spread by guns or horn-blowing. 363. For sale at the dwelling house of Capt. Stephen Hew- lett, at Great Merrock, some articles saved from the wreck of the brigantine Hussar, stranded on Merrock Shoals, night of January 2i.—Biv. Feb. 12, '83. 202 ARMED OCCUPATION. 364. July 21,'83. Five Dollars Reward. Strayed or stolen from Robert T. Bloomer, at Hempstead, a young brown mare. JOS. WEEKS, Huntington Ferry. 365. Samuel Doughty's store at Foster's Meadow was robbed. The neighbors went in pursuit and followed the wag- on track to the north side of the island, where they found the wagon and heard the rowing; the robbers having just shoved off for Connecticut. John Skidmore and wife, an aged couple, lived near Amber- man's Mill, Foster's Meadow, on the Rockaway Road, (now Shaw's.) He had recently sold a farm and mill, and was sup- posed to be in possession of a large sum of money. His door was forced open in the night, and his money demanded. He handed the robbers (whose faces were blacked and muffled) a purse, saying it was all he had, for luckily he had a few days before invested $1000. Not satisfied with this, they beat him and his wife, at three or four heats, so dreadfully, on their heads, with the butt ends of their pistols, to extort further dis- closures, that they both died of their wounds a few days after. Their negro, Jack, a stout fellow, when he heard the noise, mounted the kitchen loft, and drew the steps after him. Then seizing a scythe from the rafters, when they bid him come down he flatly refused, and bid them do their best. They then went off, and were never discovered. Capt. Samuel Seaman, at Jerusalem, had his store well barred, but it was robbed in the daytime by a party under John Cott, who came from Norwalk, and lurked about Bread and Cheese Hollow one night. They set a guard over the family and rummaged the house. His wife had taken a hand- kerchief of gold and silver from its hiding place, to get out some change, and placed it on the tester of the bed. They took that, some clothing, and goods from the store. They threatened to stave his liquors unless he would ransom them ; but on his refusal, they went off. On one occasion Capt. Seaman and Luke Fleet, who had been robbed, went over to Norwalk and had the robbers ar- rested, but they were rescued by a mob from New Canaan. One foggy morning as Hallet Jones was going to the Bay OYSTER BAY. 203 he saw a gun-boat at anchor by the Shell Bank, and no person on board. He rowed up and took possession, first taking her long-boat from her fastening on shore. Directly the crew (who had gone ashore in quest of wood) returned and begged to be restored to the possession of their boat, promising money and what not. But Mr. Jones was deaf to their entreaties, and fired a lee gun, which drew a company of militia to the spot, who secured the crew. They were examined, when the Captain plead a wife and children who would be distressed at his de- tention, and promising better for the future, all were discharged. The prize was sold and the money divided among the militia, leaving Mr. Jones nothing but a good conscience for his pains. 366. Whereas, Martha, wife of Thos. Coffield, lieutenant in the North Carolina Regiment, is concealed from him, (sup- posed by her mother, Melissa Carman, of Hempstead,) to keep her from going with her loving husband to Nova Scotia or St. Augustine, the public are cautioned, &c. — liiv., Sep. 10, '83. 367. A Miss H., near Hempstead, had formed an intimacy with a Highlander, against the wishes of her friends. But when the British forces were about to evacuate the Island, she was missing. The distressed father expressed his apprehen- sions to the commanding officer that his daughter had eloped, and was now in the company of her lover. Forthwith the men were drawn up, and the father walked along the ranks, when he discovered his daughter in the guise of a soldier, by the whiteness of the skin where the garter is usually tied. A soldier of a regiment of foot that lay at Foster's Meadow fell in love with a Miss B. Her friends removed her to Solo- mon Foster's, at the Alley. The soldier discovering where she was, attempted one night to carry her off, but was shot by Sol- omon, for which he was put in Provost. OYSTER BAY. 368. Whereas many of the drivers of wagons of the differ- ent counties on Long Island, who were impressed from time to time into his Majesty's service, are deserted and run away, which occasions many of the horses being lost and neglected : 204 ARMED OCCUPATION. this is therefore to inform all masters of such wagons and teams, and their drivers, that if they do not immediately return to take care of their wagons and teams, and do their duty as drivers, that the Quarter Master General will not be answera- ble for the loss of any of the wagons or teams. Dated at Gen. Delancy's head quarters, at Oyster Bay, Nov. 14. '76. OLIVER DELANCY, Brig. Gen. Wm. Sheriff, Dep. Quarter Master Gen* * He returned to New- York with wagons, Nov. 24. [Tunis Bogart and Andrew Hegeman were impressed to cart ammu- nition for the British army, and were present at White Piains and Fort Washington. They also saw the execution of Capt. Hale (Sept. 26) on an apple-tree near Col. Rutgers'. Hale was surrounded by a circle of spectators, men and women, who were much disgusted at the brutality of Cunningham. Hale said Washington had requested him to get informa- tion about the British army, and that he must submit to death, if such was the rule of war. The women sobbed aloud. — Ed.] 369. In November, '76, the mind of N. Dayton, of Conn., was filled with gloomy apprehensions for the fate of his coun- try, and by the strongest assurances of the safety and peace he might enjoy under the refugees on Long Island, he was deluded to abscond and place himself under their protection. But on his arrival at Delancy's head quarters, he was tyran- nically compelled to bear arms, under pain of military execu- tion 5 whereupon, he escaped from his military bondage the same month. — Bin. Conn., p. 305. [Howe sent British emissaries (who were often caught and hung) to enlist and decoy over from New England all timid and secretly disaffected persons. — Ed.] 370. A r . Haven, Dec. 14, '77. Peggy and cargo, Darby Doyle, master, navigated with 40 men, under a commission of Val. Jones, to supply New- York with fuel, forage and provisions, was taken by Peter Griffing, captain of a company of Rangers. 371. Dec. 15, '77. The sloop Dove and cargo was taken in Cold Spring harbor, by Thomas Sellew, in the armed sloop Lucy. 372. Dec. 22, '77, Gaine. Sunday night, 14th, the rebels OYSTER BAY. ^ 205 landed at Cold Spring, and carried off two market boats loaded with flaxseed, wood, cider, &c, &c. 373. The Industry, Capt Ab'm Selleck, from Oyster Bay to New-York, loaded with 15 cords wood, 17 half-barrels of cider and vinegar, 7 or 8 bags of meal, and rigging and sails for another vessel, was taken, Feb. '77. by the Flying Fish, of Rye. 374. Biv., March 7, '78. About 12 o'clock, March 3d, seven men, with arms, were discovered crossing Lloyd's Neck, bending their course for the narrow beach that leads off the Neck. They were pursued and taken by David Lion, Wm. Pack, John, Jonathan, Jabez and Jared Cable, and eight more loyal refugees. They appeared to be the noted Wm. S. Scud- der and his gang, as appears from the following confession. " Sept., '76, I quitted Long Island, and after several differ- ent routes, &c.j soon after Capt. Samuel Richards was taken from Connecticut, came over to Hog Island, as a pilot to one John Bessie, to take Squire Smith ; but missed of him, and took a Quaker, and plundered the house of considerable value. I was one in all the expeditions to Long Island, at Setauket and elsewhere ; and had the command of the boat, and was the person who took Mr. Ireland, at Mr. Haviland's house. A while after this, I was sent over by Gen. Parsons, to lie in wait to prevent driving off the stock, taking off the forage, &c, from the east end of the island, provided the Gen. landed with force to maintain his ground, &c. Upon his being disappoint- ed, I made my escape from the island. " Some time after, I was of the party that came over and took two sloops out of Cold Spring Harbor. I was also one of the party that took Mr. Tobias and his goods, from Fresh Pond. I also was one of the party that lately came over and burnt three vessels that were cast away on Long Island, when coming from R. I., and my design now in coming over was to collect what we could from the wrecks then burnt. We got some things out of Samuel Skidmore's cider-mill house, and made his negro get up his team and cart them down to the shore. We then attempted to go over to the other shore, but the wind coming ahead and it setting in extreme cold and 10 206 ARMED OCCUPATION. freezing our fingers, feet, &c, we were obliged to make for the first land before the wind, which proved to be Lloyd's Neck. Witness my hand, WM. SMITH SCUDDER. Ftleh Dibble, > Wiime ^. March 3, '78. Wm. Q,uaRxME, $ The prisoners, on Saturday afternoon, March 7, were brought to New-York, in the boat of the Halifax, Capt. Q,uarme,* and secured in the Provost guard.f * The first guard ship in the mouth of Oyster Bay was the Halifax, Capt. Quarme ; after two years she was condemned. Then Capt. Riley, who became superannuated, next was Capt. Townsend, who was ashore sick at Wm. Ludlam's, when a fleet of American vessels run along side in open day and took his vessel. (See 403.) The British had been expecting their own fleet of privateers, and so did not suspect the trick. Capt. Peebles also commanded here ; who was surprised in Hempstead Harbor. The Grana frigate, Capt. Negle, K. B., was also a guard ship here. t New Haven, March 18, '78. About a fortnight ago twelve or fourteen persons, in two boats, crossed the Sound from Norwalk to Long Island. One returned with her company, who were severely frost-bitten : the other was taken and carried to New-York with her company, (six in number,) who were also much frost-bitten. 375. March 9, '78. Lieut. Col. Emerick wishes to raise six companies of foot, to consist of 360 men ; and two troops of light dragoons, to consist of 100, who will immediately receive their bounty, before attested; pay, clothing and provision regular, agreeable to the King's allowance, without clipping or deduction. Refugees paid the price of their horses. His soldiers live like gentlemen, and he treats all who behave well as brothers. Apply to Capt. Henry Seton, at Huntington, Oyster Bay and Jericho, who gives $5 over and above the King's bounty. GOD save the KING. 376. March 25, '78. John Ireland, an inhabitant of Long Island, taken a prisoner in arms against the United States, (at Lloyd's Neck, Nov. 26, '77,) was permitted to return to procure necessary clothing, &c, by giving his parol, and to return and deliver himself up in 30 days. — Hinmari's ConH. 377. April 27, '78, Riv. Last Monday evening two row OYSTER EAT. 207 gallies and an armed vessel crossed from Connecticut to Lloyd ? s Neck, where a party of loyal refugees were cutting wood; who. upon being attacked, retreated to a house, in which they defended themselves with great bravery and reso- lution upwards of six hours : but their ammunition being all expended, they were obliged to submit to superior force. ? morning the rebels carried their prisoners, 15 in number, over to Connecticut. The house in which the refugees fought and surrendered is perforated in many places by the shot of the rebels. 375. May 2. : 78. Riv. Fyler Dibble.* with sixteen wood- cutters, was taken off Lloyd ; s Neck. April 26. by a galley car- rying a 12 pounder, four whale boats, and 50 or 60 men. The alarm reaching the men-of-war on that station, the ship's boats pursued, but to no purpose, although they persevered so long as to talk to each other, and did not retire till they had received two heavy fires from their 12 pounder, graped. and all their musquetry. * Dibble was a refugee, whose estate at Stamford was confiscated. He committed suicide at Nova Scoria, goaded, as is said, by a guilty conscience. 379. May 22. '75. Con. Gaz. •'•' Last week [May 5] a small boat commanded by Capt. Adamson. from eastward, with six men and ten swivels, went into Oyster Bay and fell in with the tender of the British ship Raven. The tender mounted eight swivels, and had nine men with wall-pieces. The boat, after discharging her swivels and small arms, boarded and carried her. and next morning brought her into Stamford. She had on board three hogsheads of rum. several casks of bread, beef and other articles for the ship, with some dry goods. The Raven is hovering around the harbor continually, and seems quite disconsolate at the loss of her young." 390. June 8. ; 75. Wednesday last the rebel schooner Wild Cat. of 14 swivels and 40 men. came from Connecticut to Oyster Bay. and landed 14 of her crew, who shot several sheep [at Oak Neck?], but a number of the inhabitants ap- pearing in arms, they made off. This vessel, by having a 208 ARMED OCCUPATION. great number of oars, takes advantage of every calm to cross over and pillage the loyalists on Long Island. — Biv. 381. June 27, '78. Three or four whale boats attempted to land at Lloyd's Neck and attack the wood-cutters. They were cut off by the activity of a detachment of Delancy's brigade, who suddenly manned some boats. It is said they also cut off and secured two armed brigs, which were to cover the whale boats. — Biv. 382. June 29, '78, Gaine. Last Wednesday, a number of whale boats, well manned, from Connecticut, convoyed by the Wild Cat galley and a little sloop, formerly the Raven's tender, made their appearance at Lloyd's Neck, in order to harass his Majesty's wood-cutters, and soon took a boat then going out of the harbor, which they endeavored to carry off, but were im- mediately pursued and attacked by a number of boats from the ships, when the Wild Cat, Raven's tender, and the wood boat, were taken, as also some of the whale boats. Thirty men were made prisoners and two killed, without any loss on our side. 383. All gentlemen volunteers, able and willing to serve his Majesty King George III., in that respectable regiment called the Prince of Wales' Royal American Volunteers, commanded by his Excellency Brig. Gen. Brown, will hear of the particu- lar advantages of that corps by repairing to Lieut. Col. Pattin- son, at his camp, on Lloyd's Neck, where they will receive a complete suit of new clothes, arms, accoutrements, &c, and one guinea more than his Majesty's most gracious bounty. } Tis more than probable those who enlist will for some months be able to earn 15s. to 20s. per day. Gaine, June 29, '78. 384. Hartford, Sept. 3, '78. Maj. Grey, of Col. Meig's regiment, brought off from Lloyd's Neck 15 tories, and killed three — all from Connecticut. 385. Sept. 7, '78, Gaine. A sloop with some provisions, and a boat loaded with wood, were taken at Lloyd's Neck last Wednesday, by a privateer sloop from Connecticut. A great abundance of armed whale boats are cruising in many parts of the Sound, and 'tis feared will much interrupt our market boats. OYSTER BAY. 209 386. Sept. 12, '78, Riv. A party of rebels came over from Connecticut to Oyster Bay Thursday evening last, plundered the house of Wm. [now Joshua] Cock of goods to the amount of £140. They made Mr. C. and his family carry the goods near two miles, to their whale boat, and got off unmolested. And on Saturday a number of freebooters, in two boats, came over to Red Spring, and robbed the houses of Jacob Carpenter and John Weekes of a quantity of valuable effects, and then made off; but returned Saturday evening to Oak Neck, and robbed two unfortunate weavers. The principal of these vil- lains is named Carehart, who some time ago came over from Connecticut and pretended to be a friend to government, and was treated with the greatest hospitality and kindness by the very persons whose property he has carried off. Nov. 30, '78, Poiighkeepsie. 'Tis reported that the last fleet of the enemy that sailed from New-York, has returned and landed on Long Island, where they are building huts. 387. Dec. 10, '78, Holt. Reports from Long Island say the British troops are building huts or barracks at Jericho,* not far from Hempstead. [The Hessians lay about Norwich, Jericho, Westbury and Cedar Swamp. They lay in Wolver Hollow two or three summers and one winter, and had tents under the hill byAndris Bogart's, and took the sacrament in the Dutch church. When they wanted boards for barracks, they took them wherever they could find them. They stripped the boards off I. R.'s blacksmith shop. He then gave them a couple of bushels of potatoes, if they would not steal any thing. No sooner had they gone, than he missed his axe. On overtaking the soldiers, the axe and some geese they had elsewhere pick- ed up, were found hid under the boards. On his remonstrating, the officer said, " They arelsuch a pack of thieves, you can keep nothing from them." The impressing of teams was very annoying. No matter how urgent*your business, whether ploughing, going to mill, on a visit, at church, or at a funeral, the team must go. I. R. had a black boy and team impressed, on the road, to carry baggage to Easthampton, and knew not what had become of them till 210 ARMED OCCUPATION. the boy returned with his feet frozen. I. R. was himself met in his wagon and pressed, but he resolutely refused to go, though a bayonet was put to his breast. They took his team, however, which he gave up for lost. Some time after, hear- ing they were in New-York, he sent his brother B. for them, who having no scruples, received 8s. a day for their use. One season the Hempstead troop took off nine loads of his hay ; and those from Jericho the rest.f When the Hessians first came to Westbury, a guard was set to protect the meeting-house, but was withdrawn at the request of Friends. The officers occasionally attended meet- ing, and sat very commendable. — Ed. * The Legion lay at Jericho, and built a fort called Fort Nonsense, on a bill around Dr. Townsend's barn, now Jackson's. t When forage was carried off in this manner, a certificate was usu- ally given, on presenting which at the forage office, New- York, the holder received his pay at proclamation prices. Doubtless a great deal was taken (especially from whigs) and never paid for. Gen. Putnam to Gov. Clinton. 388. Camp, at Reading, Dec. 22, '78. Sir — This letter will be handed your Excellency by Capt. Wm. Skudder, (see 374) who I understand has your commis- sion to cruise the Sound in an armed boat against the enemies of the United States ; under color of which, I am further informed, he has within a few days been on to Long Island and brought off a quantity of goods. These Lieut. Col. Grey, stationed at Norwalk, has seized and holds in his hands, until some legal adjudication can be had. The particulars of this affair, and the conduct of several other persons, inhabitants of your State, will be reported to your Excellency by Brig. Gen. Parsons, who is entirely acquainted with the subject, and possessed of the original evidence concerning it. As this is a matter which falls under your immediate cog- nizance, I thought proper to make this representation of it, and to inform you that the orders of the Commander-in-Chief are, that no kind of property be taken from any person under pretence of its belonging to tories. OYSTER BAY. 211 These orders I am determined shall be most punctually complied with by the troops under my command, and that every violation of them shall be severely punished. With regard to those who are not accountable to me for their conduct. I shall take no more upon myself than to inform those to whom they are. of the circumstances : that the inno- cent may be exculpated, and blame (if there be any) fall only where it is merited. I wrote to his Excellency, the Commander-in-Chief, and Gov. Trumbull, on the abuses committed in the Sound and on Long Island, some days ago ; and should have troubled your Excellency on the same subject, by the first opportunity; had not this affair occurred. As to Mr. Skudder personally. I know nothing to his disad- vantage, but have heard that he is a brave man. has suffered much, and done considerable service in the cause of his coun- try. All that I wish is that justice may take place, to which I know you are equally disposed. I am your Excellency's obedient, humble servant. 389. All gentlemen volunteers and others, emulous of serv- ing their King and country, and willing to share the laurels of victory with the brave fellows belonging to the Queen's Rangers, are desired to repair to the head quarters of the regiment, at Oyster Bay. where they will receive every en- couragement of bounty, pay, clothing, and all other necessaries to form the complete soldier. The many advantages this corps has in particular, and the public honors it has frequently received, will be sufficient to induce gallant and good men to join the regiment. All persons bringing an approved recruit shall receive one dollar. Dec. 2. '78, Riv. 390. Lieut. Col. Simcoe arrived at Oyster Bay Nov. 19. '78. As it was understood the village was to be the winter canton- ment of the corps, no time was lost in fortifying it. The very next day the whole corps was employed in cutting fascines. There was a centrical hill, which totally commanded the vil- lage, and seemed well adapted for a place of arms ; the outer circuit of this hill, in the most accessible places, was to be for- tified by sunken fleches. joined by abattis. and would have 212 ARMED OCCUPATION. contained the whole corps ; the summit was covered by a square redoubt, and was capable of holding 70 men ; platforms were erected in each angle, for the field pieces, and the guard- house in the centre, cased and filled with sand, was rendered musket-proof, and looped so as to command the platforms and surface of the parapets ; the ordinary guard of 20 was sufficient for its defence. Some of the militia assisted in work- ing one day when Sir Wm. Erskine came to Oyster Bay inten- tionally to remove the corps to Jericho, a quarter the Legion was to quit in order to accompany him to the east end of the island. Lieut. Col. Simcoe represented to him that in case of the ene- my's passing the Sound, both Oyster Bay and Jericho were at too great a distance from any post to expect succor, but that Jericho was equally liable to surprise as Oyster Bay ; that its being farther from the coast was no advantage, as the enemy, acquainted with the country and in league with the disaffected inhabitants of it, could have full time to penetrate undiscovered through the woods, and that the vicinity of Oyster Bay to the sea coast would enable him to have a more watchful eye over the landing places, and to acquire a knowledge of the princi- ples of the inhabitants in these important situations ; and that provisions from New- York might be received by water. Sir W. Erskine was pleased to agree with Lieut. Col. Simcoe ; and expressed himself highly satisfied with the means that had been taken to ensure the post ; and on his representation the corps was permitted to remain in its present cantonments. There was a small garrison at Lloyd's Neck, within twelve miles of Oyster Bay ; a feint in case of attack would serve to have kept this post within its redoubts. The nearest cantonment was at Jamaica, where the British grenadiers lay ; this was almost 30 miles from Oyster Bay. The New England shore was not more than 12, and in many places but 7 or 8 miles over ; and there were many favorable landing places within a mile or two of Oyster Bay. The enemy could raise any number of men for such an expedition. Gen. Parsons lay with some regular troops in the vicinity, and there were whale boats sufficient to carry 2000 men, who in three hours might attack the canton- ment. The situation was an anxious one, and required all the vigilance and system of discipline to prevent an active enemy OYSTER BAY. 213 from taking advantage of it. Every separate quarter was loop- holed and surrounded with abattis in such a manner that it could not be forced. A house [the New Light Meeting House] was moved bodily to the rear, near to the beach, where the Highland and Grenadier companies were quartered. A gen- eral plan of defence was calculated for the whole ; and proper orders were given in case of attack. Patroles were frequently made ; the friendly inhabitants were on the watch ; and some depredations having been committed, convalescent soldiers of good characters were sent to lodge in the houses of those in the vicinity who chose it ; and signals were appointed to be made by the country people in case any plunderers were out, on which sentinels were to be placed on each barrack and the rolls immediately called ; by these and other precautions, ma- rauding was effectually prevented. The situation of Oyster Bay was extremely well calculated to secure the health of the soldiery : the water was excellent ; there was plenty of vegetables and oysters to join with their salt provisions ; and bathing did not a little contribute, with the attentions of the officers to cleanliness, to render them in high order for the field ; nor were they without sufficient exercise ; the garrison in New- York being in great want of forage, Oys- ter Bay became a central and safe deposit for it, and frequent expeditions towards the eastern and interior parts of the island were made to enforce the orders of the commander-in-chief in this respect ; excursions were also made to execute other or- ders relative to the intercourse with the inhabitants of the rebel coast, and to escort messengers, &c, between Sir W. Erskine, who commanded on the east end of the island, and Jamaica. When the weather permitted, the corps was frequently exer- cised together, particularly in occupying ground, on the sup- position of the enemy's landing to attack the post ; they were shown how to make and navigate rafts constructed on the sim- plest principles and with the slightest materials. The troop were instructed in the regular and methodical mode of dressing and feeding the horses. The corps had been constantly exer- cised in the firing motions and the charging with bayonets on their respective parades ; as the season opened they were as- sembled together ; they were particularly trained to attack a 10* 214 ARMED OCCUPATION. supposed enemy posted behind railing — the common position of the rebels ; they were instructed not to fire, but to charge their bayonets with their muskets loaded, and upon their arrival at the fence, each soldier to take aim at their opponents, who were then supposed to have been driven from it. The light infan- try and hussars were taught to gallop through woods, and acting together, the light infantry learnt to run by holding the horses' manes ; the cavalry were also instructed, as the infan- try lay flat upon the ground, to gallop through their files. April 18, '79, a party of Refugees [led by Capt. Bonnel, with Capt. Glover and Lieut. Hubbell,] went from Oyster Bay, being furnished with arms agreeable to an order from Head Quarters, to take the Generals Parsons and Silliman, from the opposite shore. They did not risk the attack on Gen. Parsons, but brought Brigadier Silliman to Oyster Bay. He was sent next day to New- York. — Journal, 93-99. The Queen's Rangers, 360 in number, in great health and activity, left their cantonments May 18, for King's Bridge. VALENTINE : From Lieut. Col. J. G. Simcoe, to Miss Sarah Townsend ; written and delivered at Oyster Bay, L. L, Valentine's Day, (1779.) Fairest Maid ! where all are fair, Beauty's pride and Nature's care ; To you my heart I must resign, O choose me for your Valentine ! Love, Mighty God, thou know'st full well, Where all thy mother's graces dwell, Where they inhahit and combine To fix thy power with spells divine ; Thou know'st what powerful magick lies Within the round of Sarah's eyes, Or darted thence, like lightning fires, And Heaven's own joys around inspires j Thou know'st my heart will always prove The shrine of pure, unchanging love ! Say, awful God, since to thy throne Two ways that lead are only known, — Here gay Variety presides, And many a youthful circle guides Through paths where lilies, roses sweet, Bloom and decay beneath their feet, Here Constancy, with sober mien, Regardless of the flowery scene, With myrtle crowned that never fades, In silence seeks the cypress ehados, OYSTER BAY. 215 Or, fix'd near Contemplation's cell, Chief with the Muses loves to dwell, Leads those who inward feel and burn, And often clasps the abandon'd urn, — Say, awful God, didst thou not prove My heart was formed for constant love ? Thou saw'st me once on every plain To Delia pour the artless strain — Thou wept'st her death and bad'st me chang» My happier days, no more to range O'er hill, o'er dale, in sweet employ Of singing Delia, Nature's joy ; Thou bad'st me change the pastoral scene. Forget my crook ; with haughty mien To raise the iron spear of war, Victim of grief and deep despair; Say, must I all my joys forego, And still maintain this outward 6how ? Say, shall this breast, that's framed to feel, Be ever clad in horrid steel ; Nor swell with other joys than those Of conquest o'er unworthy foes? Shall no fair maid with equal fire Awake the flames of soft desire ? My bosom, form'd for transport, burn And raise my thoughts from Delia's urn? " Fond youth," the God of Love replies, " Your answer take from Sarah's eyes." [I am indebted for the above to Silvanus Miller, Jr. — Ed.] 391. The Five Brothers, schr. 24 tons, Abm. Cock, master, was taken below high water mark, Feb. 3, '79, nine miles west of Huntington Harbor, by Capt. Elderkin, of the True Blue. A sloop of 45 tons, the property of one Youngs, going to New- York, was taken on the high seas, four miles west of Oyster Bay, Feb. 15, '79. 392. March 10, '79, Riv. Two Guineas Reward. De- serted from Capt. Miles's company, 3d battalion of Delancy's brigade, Daniel Wingfield — had on a short blue coat, red trou- sers, large round hat, and is supposed to be gone on board some privateer. Whoever takes him up and secures him in the Provost till I can be acquainted with it, at the quarters of the battalion, Lloyd's Neck, shall receive two guineas reward. ELIJAH MILES. 393. New Haven, May 11, '79. The Charming Sally and 216 ARMED OCCUPATION. cargo was taken in Oyster Bay by T. White, in a continental armed schooner. 394. June 16, '79, Riv. On the night of 9th inst. a party of rebels crossed the Sound and came to the house of Clark Cock, at Oyster Bay, and plundered him of cash to a considerable amount, and goods to the value of £400 and upwards. 395. June 23, '79, Riv. Some days ago a party of rebels came over to Tredwell's farm, L. I., conducted by Major Brush, and carried off Justice Hewlett and Capt. Youngs. Since which the refugees went over to Greenwich and returned with thirteen prisoners ; also with forty-eight cattle and four horses. The militia guard took a whale boat with three solitary Jona- thans on board. 396. June 28, '79, Gaine. Last week a whale boat came near to Musquito Cove to carry off a boat lying there. Being observed to approach, a few men from the shore got on board unperceived, with arms, and as soon as the whale boat came nigh enough, gave the rebels such a dose, that three were killed the first fire ; when they went off with the greatest pre- cipitation. 397. July 3, '79, Riv. Last Monday night a party of rebels, supposed from Horse Neck, headed by one Benjamin Kirby, (whose father lives on Long Island, near where he landed, and is known to be an atrocious rebel,) at 12 at night attacked the house of Abraham Walton, Esq., at Pembroke, Musquito Cove, forced open the door with the butt ends of their muskets, seized upon Mr. Walton's person, who was much indisposed in bed, used him coarsely, forced him to walk four miles, plundered the house, took away all the silver plate they could find, and de- manded Mrs. Walton's money, which she delivered. They then proceeded to the neighbors, as Dr. Brooks, Albert Coles, and eight more very respectable and loyal inhabitants, and carried them all off together to Connecticut, where they were to be in- terrogated by Gen. Lewis Morris, of Morrisiana. Kirby is a native of Long Island, and had taken the oath of allegiance, but on d'Estaing's arrival at Sandy Hook, he revolted to Jona- than. OYSTER BAY. 217 398. July 31,79, Riv. Last Tuesday morning, 2 o'clock, John Townsend, Esq., of Oyster Bay, was carried off by the rebels, [led by Jonas Youngs,] who robbed his house of many valua- ble articles, [silver tankard, linen, &c.,] and partly demolished it. At the same time W. Sutton, of Maroneck, and a young man named Arnold Fleet, were carried off to Stamford and pa- roled. [The men carried their boat over the beach. Their sentinel, not hearing the signal, was left behind, and wandered about on Mill Neck till starvation forced him to give up.] July 31, '79, Riv. The frigate Restoration (formerly Oli- ver Cromwell) is now fitting for sea, and in six days will join the Associated Refugee Fleet in Huntington Harbor, and in- tends soon to pay a visit to the rebel coast. All good sea- men will receive five guineas advance and £3 sterling per month, and one share of all property taken from His Majesty's revolted subjects. 399. Capt. Sandford's Company of Bucks county Dragoons, Capt. Diemar's hussars, and the Queen's Rangers, all under command of Lieut. Col. Simcoe, marched from King's Bridge for Oyster Bay, Aug. 13, '79 ; the Cavalry and cannon by the route of Hell Gate, and the Infantry by Frog's Neck, and ar- rived at Oyster Bay the 17th. Simcoe left Oyster Bay Oct. 19. His cavalry marched to Jericho, where they remained un- der Lieut. Col. Tarlton, and the infantry to Jamaica, which proceeded to Yellow Hook, and embarked the 24th. Shortly after the hussars of the Queen's Rangers and Capt. Sand- ford's troop went from Jericho to Staten Island. — Simcoe's Journal, p. 110. 400. Sept. 8, '79, New Haven. A whale boat crossed the Sound a few nights past, and brought off from near Lloyd's Neck thirteen men and some plunder. Among the prisoners was one Glover, that headed the party which carried off Gen. Silliman and son. 401. New London, Oct. 6, '79. Last Monday five vessels went into Oyster Bay and captured a guard brig pierced for 14 guns, but had only 10 mounted, a sloop of 6 guns, com- manded by Samuel Rogers, (who has been thrice taken and brought to this town since March last,) three other sloops and 218 ARMED OCCUPATION. a schooner, taken from under a two-gun battery [on Lloyd's Neck] ; three of the prizes are laden with wood, and one, a large valuable Bermudian built sloop, in ballast. The prizes are all arrived in safe port. 402. Fishkill, Dec. 9, '79. On the evening of Nov. 4, about 25 volunteers under Capts. Hawley, Lockwood, and Jones, and Lts. Jackson and Bishop, crossed the Sound from Newfield (since Bridgeport) to Stony Brook, near Smithtown, and marched to the house of the Hon. Thomas Jones, Justice of the Supreme Court of New- York, at Fort Neck, (now Thomas F. Jones'.) where they arrived about 9 o'clock on the evening of the 6th, hiding in the woods by day. The whole distance was 52 miles. There was a ball in the house, and the noise of mu- sic and dancing prevented the approach of the adventurers be- ing heard. Capt. Hawley knocked at the door, and receiving no answer, forced it, and found Judge Jones standing in the en- try. He told him he was his prisoner, and immediately con- ducted him off and a young man named Hewlett. A guard of soldiers was posted at a small distance from their road. When they came near the spot, the Judge hemmed very loud, but was forbidden to repeat it. He did, however, but on being fur- ther threatened, desisted. An alarm arose, which obliged the men to retreat rapidly, travelling 30 miles the same evening, and to secrete themselves next day, by which time the British light-horse were near. The next evening they reached their boats, having taken two prisoners more, and arrived safe at Black Rock, Fairfield, on the 8th, except six men in the rear, who were overtaken and captured by the light-horse. Judge J. was taken to Middletown, and in May, '80, was exchanged for Gen. Silliman, a prisoner at Flatbush. Mr. H. was ex- changed for the General's son, one Washburn being thrown in as a make-weight. After the exchange, the Judge and General dined together. (See Thompson, I. 208.) [This was not the first time Jones was in durance in Connecticut, for it appears that," Sept. 24, '76, he was in the hands of the rebels, and Nov. 15, John Rapalje, of Brooklyn, in jail at Norwich, was permitted to go to Long Island and bring to Judge Jones and others with him in Norwich, such supplies of clothing and other necessa- ries as they might want ; but in Dec, '76, the gentlemen sent from Long OYSTER BAY. 219 Island to Norwich by Washington, had liberty to return home on pa- role."— Ed.] 403. New Haven, Nov. 24,'79. Monday sen'nit, two small pri- vateers of 4 guns each, commanded by Capts. Lockwood and Johnson, ran into Oyster Bay under British colors, where were four wood vessels under protection of a large 8 gun brig, who asked the privateers " Where from ?" and on being answered from New- York, they were permitted to run along the brig unsuspected, and boarding her, the people were surprised into an immediate surrender without even firing a gun, though manned with 20 stout fellows ; on which the other vessels also submitted, and were all brought out of port destined for Nor- walk or Stamford ; but on being pursued by some armed vessels from Huntington Harbor, the brig unluckily run on a reef of rocks near Norwalk Harbor, and fell again into the enemy's hands, who got her off and took her away. The other prizes got safe into port. The Lively, of 70 tons and a cargo of salt, was taken in Oys- ter Bay, Dec. 7, '79. 404. June 17, '80, Riv. 10 guineas reward and reasonable charges paid. Stolen from the barn of Samuel Cock, Oyster Bay, on the night of the 14th, a bright bay stallion; from Geo. Underhill, a bay stallion ; from Daniel Underhill, a black mare ; from John Weekes, a bay horse. 405. Aug. 23, '80. Simcoe returned from the east end of the Island to Oyster Bay, where he saw Major Andre, and re- mained there and in its vicinity till|Sept. 22, when he marched to Jamaica and crossed to Staten Island, Oct. 8. Jour., p. 150. 406. Dec. 11, '80. Solomon Aaron, living at Mr. Willis's, Jericho, is intent to leave. Those indebted to him & Co., are desired to discharge their accounts. 407. As there were many Loyalists who, from peculiar cir- cumstances, were unwilling to become soldiers by profession, though ardently inclined to take up arms and contribute their aid toward reducing the rebels ; to embody and employ these, the Hon. Board of Associated Loyalists was established Dec. 28, '80, Wm. Franklin (former Governor of New Jersey and son of Dr. F.) President, with a view to annoy the sea 220 ARMED OCCUPATION. coast of the revolted provinces and distress their trade, under a commission from Sir H. Clinton. The important post of Lloyd's Neck was put under their direction, and they were furnished with suitable armed vessels, provisions, arms and ammunition, to defend the post and carry on enterprises against the rebels. Conditions. 1. Each associator was to receive 200 acres of land in North America. 2. All captures made by them to be their own property. 3. Prisoners taken by them to be exchanged for such Loy- alists as the Board may name. 4. The sick and wounded to have the benefit of the King's hospital. A skilful surgeon, with a complete medical chest, to reside at Lloyd's Neck, and accompany the associators in their excursions. 5. It will be their care to stop those distinguished cruelties with which colonial loyalists are treated, when in the hands of rebels, under the distinction of prisoners of war and prisoners of state. The Directors will omit nothing to make the rebels feel the just vengeance due such enormities. — Gaine. 408. Feb. 23, '81. Lt. Col. Upham, Deputy Inspector Ge- neral of refugees, at Lloyd's Neck, (who distributed provisions, &c, among them.) had an address of thanks singned by Col. THO'S GILBERT, and Capt. JOHN COCHRAN. 409. March 31, '81, Riv. Capt. Ives, of the Associated Loyalists, with 22 men in an unarmed schooner, commanded by Capt. Church, was sailing from City Island to Lloyd's Neck, in company with two other vessels armed with swivels, when he was attacked by four whale boats full of men, from Stamford, which he beat off with muskets only, although the rebels took the armed vessels and turned the swivels against Ives' party. In the midst of the firing, two rebels were seen to fall overboard, and three others appeared disabled. Two boats, which after- wards drifted ashore, were bespattered with blood, and shot through in several places. One had a dead man, four muskets and several coats in it. Next morning another man was found dead on the shore. During the contest, Capt. Church was OYSTER BAY. 221 forced to run his schooner on shore, when the rebels landed a party to annoy the loyalists more effectually, but were driven off by the militia of Long Island, who readily turned out. 410. April 6, '81. At Lloyd's Neck are assembled 800 men, chiefly refugees and deserters from the American army. About 500 of these are properly armed. Their naval guard consists of one vessel of 16 guns, two small privateers, and one galley. — Col. Talmadge. Just before the war, the Lloyds had cut off 100 acres of land around where the fort was afterwards built, in '78, so that half a mile east of the fort was clear. Here was the parade. South were the huts and gardens on a declivity. The vegetables were left in good condition when the place was evacuated. The wood had mostly been cut off. The fort had a well 130 feet deep, which Huntington was assessed £176 to pay for the digging of. Two farms on Lloyd's Neck (Henry and James's) had pro- tections from Howe ; the rest owned by John, who lived at Stamford, and Joseph,* at Hartford, was confiscated, and the wood cut off for fuel for the King's troops. The wood was ex- ceedingly large, some trees growing 40 or 50 feet before a branch put out. All this wood (say 2000 cords,) was cut down most wastefully. The wood-cutters were great rogues, and would roll big logs they could not split, into the cords ; and when these were left by the wagoners, they would roll them into other cords, and thus make them serve three or four times. * Joseph had a negro slave, Jupiter Hammon, who was quite a lite- rary character, and published at Hartford, Dec, '79, an essay on the par- able of the Ten Virgins. — Ed. July 12, '81. Count de Barras, being at Newport, detached three frigates and 250 land troops to drive the loyalists from their fort at Lloyd's Neck. The expedition was joined in the Sound by several boats with American volunteers and pilots from Fairfield. They landed on the morning of the 12th, when it was discovered that the place was stronger than had been sup- posed, and not to be carried without cannon, which had not been provided. They were also ignorant [?] of the true point of attack. Two or three men were wounded by a cannon shot from the fort, when the party re-embarked. The British ves- 2 22 ARMED OCCUPATION. sels went up a river [?] beyond the reach of the French fri- gates. — Sparks's Washington, VIII. 115. Plan of the attack on Lloyd's Neck. LONG ISLAND SOUND. o Oyster Bay C ColiCSprhrvg. Position of Win. Ludlam at work in his harvest field when he saw the attack. Fort Franklin, designed to protect the wood-cutters, and refugees from New England, and used as a forage depot. Probable landing place of the French. A low narrow beach over which Ludlam saw the action between the vessels, at h. Brig of 8 or 10 guns under protection of the fort. A large sloop attacking the fort on the west side, the fort bringing one gun to bear on her. g. Probable place where the British armed schooner landed her guns, and mounted them in a battery on shore, and so beat off a 40 gun ship that came to the attack. h. A 40 gun ship attacking the British vessels, which are trying to keep out of her way. Narrative of the above affair as related tome by Wm. Ludlam, an eye witness, aged 90. Heathcoat Muirson, of Setauket, had made himself ac- quainted with the fort at Lloyd's Neck. It was a small square OYSTER BAY, 223 fort and picketed, i. e., had trunks of trees with their branches sharpened set in the sides. It had only two guns mounted, and these on the west side, when Muirson saw it ; but on the very evening before the French landed, the British had just fin- ished mounting two guns on the east side. It was this that frus- trated the attempt, and not ignorance of the true point of attack. They supposed they were marching to the side where no guns were mounted. Muirson, the guide, was examining the works with a spy-glass, when a shot from the fort took off his arm, which was left on the ground, and supposed to belong to some high officer. He died of the wound, but described the spot so exactly, that his sister afterwards found the spy-glass in a bunch of briers where he had thrown it. Lt. Col. Upham, Coiri'dnt. at 'Lloyd's Neck, to Wm. Franklin : Fort Franklin, July 13, '81. Three large ships, five armed brigs, and other vessels ap- peared in Huntington Harbor, July 12, and landed at 8 o'clock 450 men, mostly French, on the back of Lloyd's Neck, two miles from the fort. At 11, they formed in front of the fort, at a distance of 400 yards, in open view. Fearing they would get possession of a height on the right, the fort fired grape shot from two twelve pounders, when the French suddenly retreated. They left on the ground where they halted to dress the wound- ed, a number of surgeon's instruments, a great quantity of lint, bandages, &c, a bayonet, sword, and a very large quantity of port-fire and other materials for burning our houses ; also, some few fragments of coats and shirts ; and the grass besmeared with blood. I called on the Huntington militia, but saw nothing of them, nor was I disappointed. Capt. Youngs' troop, and Capt. Van Wyck's company of foot, came last evening to our assistance. They posted themselves on West Neck, and behaved exceed- ing well. Many refugees in our vicinity came likewise to our assistance. 411. July 25, '81, JRiv. The night the French and rebels left Long Island, some of their followers, who called themselves " skinners," stopped at the house of John Butler, near Oyster 224 ARMED OCCUPATION. Bay, and on his denying he had any money, fixed ropes to his and his son's necks, and threw them over the door, and had well nigh strangled both, to extort a confession where their cash was hid, but they continuing inflexible, were released from torture, when the " skinners" fleeced him of plate and goods to the amount of £300. Mr. Farley and Wright have since been robbed of considerable sums of money by the same set of " skin- ners." 412. July 25, '81, Riv. Two whale boats, the Association and Henry Clinton, crossed from Fort Franklin, on Lloyd's Neck, to Norwalk, and landed thirty-eight men, and leaving some boats concealed on the shore, returned to Long Island to escape observation, but were to be back again at a given hour. The party marched five miles from the shore and remained hid in the wcods till two o'clock. When the good people of Mid- dlesex [now Darien] were assembled and devoutly praying for their great and good ally, Capt. Frost surrounded the sanctu- ary, and took fifty notorious rebels — their Rev. teacher at their head. Forty horses ready saddled were taken care of at the same time, and all safely brought to Long Island. [They were all ironed, two and two, on the green in front of Wooden's, Oyster Bay, and so marched to the Provost. We subjoin a poetic version of the affair, written by Samuel St. John, school- master, one of the prisoners, which was kindly hunted up for us by E. C. Herrick, librarian of Yale College. — Ed.~\ July, the twenty-second day, Where Christians meet to sing and pray, In seventeen hundred eighty-one, A horrid action was begun j While to the Lord they sing and pray, The Toiies, who in ambush lay, Beset the house with brazen face, At Middlesex, it was the place. A guard was placed the house before, Likewise behind and at each door, Then void of shame, those men of sin The sacred temple entered in. The Rev. Mather closed his book, How did the congregation look ! Those demons plundered what they could, Either in silver or in gold. The silver buckles which we use Both at the knees and on the shoes, OYSTER BAY. 225 These caitiffs took them in their rage — Had no respect to sex or age, And as they all were searching round, They several silver watches found. They who were placed as guards without, Like raging devils ranged about, Took forty horses to the shore, Not many either less or more, With bridles, saddles, pillions on, In a few minutes all was done. The men whom hence they took away, Upon this sacred, awful day, Was forty-eight, besides two more They chanced to find upon the shore. On board the shipping they were sent, But greatly feared the sad event. They hoisted sail, the Sound they crossed, And near Lloyd's Neck they anchored first ; Then every man must tell his namej A list they took, and kept the same. Now twenty-four of fifty men Were ordered home again ; The twenty-six who staid behind, Most cruelly they were confined ; On board the brig were ordered quick, And were confined beneath the deck — A nasty hole with filth besmeared, But 'twas no more than what we feared : Sad the confinement, dark the night, But then the Devil thought 'twas right j * * * But to return whence I left off, They at our misery made a scoff', Like raving devils tore about, Swearing they'd tear our vitals out, That they'd no quarter ever give, Nor let a cursed rebel live ; But would their joints in pieces cut, Then round the deck like devils strut. July, the four-and-twentieth day, We all were sent to Oyster Bay. To increase our pains, and make us worse, They ironed just six pair of us ; But as they wanted just one pair, An iron stirrup lying there, 'Twas took, and on an anvil laid, On which they with a hammer paid ; And as they beat it inch by inch, It bruised their wrists, at which they flinch. Those wretched caitiffs standing by, Would laugh to hoar the sufferers cry } 226 ARMED OCCUPATION. Although I call them not by name, From Fairfield county many camo ; Tliey wore delighted with the rout, To see us rebels kicked about. Complaint was made by many now, But they were stript and plundered too; The officers heard them complain, Said all should be restored again ; But the complaint they soon repeat, And found their promise was a cheat ! Said they, " Those men are gone ashore ;' Whereat, we made complaint no more. A man on board soon after came, I think 'twas Joseph Smith by name ; For silver buckles which we lost, He gave us brass of little cost, With knives to use whene'er we feed, Which tools we very seldom need. Said he, " The presents you may have, And look upon them freely gave, Instead of what we took from you, 'Tis ten times more than what was due." Next night we travelled in the rain, We begged for shelter, but in vain; Dark was the night, the storm was bad, No food nor shelter could be had, Of spirits much we stood in need, But found 'twas but in vain to plead, Though almost naked to the skin, A dismal pickle we were in. Then to the Half-way-House we came, The Half-way-House 'tis called by namo The people civilly behave, Made a good fire, some brandy gave, Of which we greatly stood in need, As we were wet and cold indeed. But ere the house we did obtain, We trembled so with cold and rain, Our irons jingled — well they might — We shivered so that stormy night. In half an hour, or thereabout, The orders were, li Come, all turn out. Ye rebel prisoners, shabbed crew, To loiter thus will never do." 'Twas now about the break of day, We ull were forced to march away ; With what they ordered we comply, Though cold, nor yet one quarter dry ; Wo made a halt one half mile short Of what is tormed Brucklyn's Fort ; OYSTER BAY. 227 Where we were hurried through the street : Some overtook us, some we meet. We, now traversing the parade, The awful figure which we made Caus'd laughter, mirth, and merriment, And some would curse us as they went. Their grandest fort was now hard by us, They showed us that to terrify us ; They showed us all their bulwarks there, To let us know how strong they were ; Supposing we must thence conclude That Britain ne'er could be subdued, Then to the guard-house we were led, Where each received a crumb of bread ; Not quite one mouthful, I believe. For every man, we did receive. We to the ferry came at last, Viewed by spectators, as we past, — - The gazing rabble, tory throng, Would curse us as we passed along. In boats the ferry soon we passed, And at New-York arrived at last. As through the streets we passed along, Ten thousand curses round us rung 5 But some would laugh, and some would sneer, And some would grin, and some would leer; A mixed mob, a medley crew, I guess, as e'er the devil knew. To the Provost we then were haufed, Though we, of war, were prisoners called ; Our irons now were ordered off, The standers-by would swear and scoff. But O ! what company we found ; With great surprise we looked around ! I must conclude that in this place, We found the worst of Adam's race : Thieves, murderers, and pickpockets too. And every thing that's bad they'd do, One of our men found to his cost ; Three pounds, York money, he had lost. His pocket picked, I guess, before We had been there one single hour. We then found out, but thought it strange, We never were to be exchanged By a cartel, but for some men Whom they desired to have again — A pack with whom they well agree, Whi> are called the loyal company Or " Loyalists Associated," As by themselves incorporat«rt. 228 ARMED OCCUPATION. Our food was called two-thirds in weight Of what a soldier has to eat j We had noblankets in our need, Till a kind friend did intercede : Said he, " The prisoners suffer so, 'Tis quite unkind and cruel too ; I'm sure it makes my heart to bleed, So great their hardship and their need." And well to us was the event, Five blankets soon to us were sent ; Small the allowance, very small, But better far than none at all. An oaken plank, it was our bed, And very scanty we were fed. In seven days, or thereabout, One Jonas Weed was taken out, And to his friends he was resigned, But many still were kept behind ; Soon after which some were paroled, Too tedious wholly to be told ; But the small-pox to some they gave, Nor tried at all their lives to save ; But rather sought their desolation, As they denied inoculation. To the small-pox there did succeed A putrid fever, bad indeed. As they before were weak and low, Soon from the stage of life they go. For wood we greatly stood in need, For which we earnestly did plead ; But one-tenth part of what we wanted Of wood, to us was granted : The boiling kettles which we had, They had no cover good or bad j The worst of rum that could be bought, For a great price to us was brought ; For bread, the milk and sugar too, We had to pay four times their due. The cash and clothing which were sent, These wretched creatures did prevent, About a month, I do believe, Before we either did receive: But in New-York some friends did try To show their generosity : They very friendly were inclined, But knowing they must be confined If what they gave was ever known, (So wicked are the tories grown,) Some time it was, in the month November, But just the dsy T can't remember, OYSTER BAY. 229 Full forty of us were confined, (So cruelly they were inclined,) In a small room, six days complete, With very little food to eat, Because there had been two or three, Who were not of our company, Who did attempt the other day, The tories said, to get away. Full eighteen days, or something more, We f.iirly were exchanged, before Of the exchange they It us know, Or from that place of bondage go, That of the number twenty-five, But just nineteen were left alive, Four days before December's gone, In seventeen hundred eighty-one. 413. Lt. J. Hull, of Col. Fitch's corps, crossed the Sound on the evening of November 24, '81, in a whale boat navigated by- eight men, and landed near Hempstead Bay, where he left his boat with two men, and with the others marched to Musquito Cove, which makes in Hempstead Bay, (the entrance of which was guarded by an armed vessel,) where they found a canoe, on board of which they embarked and boarded nine vessels which lay in the cove, and made prisoners of sixteen men ; and finding it impracticable to bring off the vessels, or any part of them, he ransomed them, paroled his prisoners, and returned without loss. — Con. Gaz. Dec 14. 414. Dec. 3, '81, Riv. Some whale boats came to Oyster Bay harbor from Connecticut last Monday night, and unngged Mr. Sheddan's boat [at Ship Point,] and carried off another, which was ransomed for £200. [Previous to this, Capt. S. had a vessel run ashore at Oak N. and set on fire by American pri- vateers. It was extinguished. ^Ed.~] 415. April 20, '82, Riv. Two guineas reward, and no ques- tions asked. Stolen, April 5, from the stable of Nath. Coles, near Oyster Bay, a fast trotting horse, supposed to have crossed White Stone Ferry. 416. King's American Dragoons. Any likely and spirited young lads who are desirous of dis- tinguishing themselves by serving their King and country, and who prefer riding on horseback to going on foot, have an oppor- tunity of gratifying their inclinations : 10 guineas to volunteers 11 230 ARMED OCCUPATION. or 5 to any one who brings a recruit, and 5 to the recruit. For the convenience of those who may come from the continent by the way of Lloyd's Neck, an officer will constantly remain at that Post.— Riv., July 24, '82. (See 203.) 417. Sep. 18, '82, Riv. As Capt. Thomas, of the Associ- ation, carrying ten 4 pounders and 30 men, was convoying a fleet of wood boats down the Sound, they were attacked off Tinnicock by 2 gun boats and 11 whale boats, manned with 200 men, the largest boat having a brass 6 pounder in her bow. Capt. T. hid his men, housed his guns, and thus decoyed the boats within musket shot, when his men suddenly discharged their muskets, and canister shot from the 4 pounders. A num- ber fell, but they did not desist from their attack, but towed off detached vessels as it was a calm. They were, however, all retaken after a combat of six hours. These pickaroon gentry greatly infest our coast. 418. Oct. 10. '82, New Haven. Sunday sen'night, the ene- my evacuated their post at Lloyd's Neck, demolished their works and removed the stores and garrison to New- York. 419. The schooner Peggy, John Envidito, master, and her cargo of broadcloths, coating, linen and other goods, was taken Dec. 21, '82. 420. Mar. 29, '83, Riv. All persons having demands against Major Scheele, of the Hessian Hanau Volunteers, lately de- ceased, will bring their accounts before April 5, to Vonden Helden, paymaster, Oyster Bay. N. JANECKE, Col. Com'dt. 421. Aug. 20, '83, Riv. A party of armed men attacked the house of Capt. Israel Youngs, of Cold Spring, last Thurs- day night, and after using him with great cruelty, carried off 1100 guineas and 43 half Johanneses. Two hundred guineas reward for thieves and cash. 422. A great variety of troops lay at Oyster Bay village during the war. Delancy's corps was the first. Fanning's corps, in charge of Major Grant, lay here one summer. They were rude and ill-behaved. An old bake- house, now Storr's store, was used as a Guard House. The streets were garnished with sentry boxes to protect the patrol OYSTER BAY. 231 from the weather. These paraded the streets after 9 o'clock at night, when no one was allowed to pass without the coun- tersign. One evening a respectable young man. John Weeks, when challenged by the sentinel, instead of giving the counter- sign, left the road and ran off across the fields. He was seized, tried, and sentenced to be whipped. He was accordingly tied up to a locust tree, in front of Townsend's. but before he re- ceived the luff measure of his punishment, the cries of the youth and the frantic appeals of his mother and sister so wrought on the people, that by their interference he was set at liberty. The Queen's Rangers* were here in the winter of '78 and '79. when the Forage Fleet was suddenly frozen in during the Holidays ;f but the weather soon moderated so that peaches were in blossom early in March. Simcoe had his quarters at S. Townsend's. He cut down an orchard of excellent fruit, and formed an abattis of the trees for his fort on Fort Hill. The colonel was of a large frame, heavy built, and fine-looking, but of feeble health. * Lt. .Murray, of the "Rangers," pressed a wagon at Cedar Swamp, and then loaded it with provisions for his table, stealing pigs, geese, &c. t The intense cold weather within these two days has occasioned the quicksilver in the weather-glass to fall four degrees lower than for the last seven years. Several ships and many lives have been lost by the monstrous bodies of ice floating in our bay. — Xeic- York paper, Dec. 28, 78. 423. The British Legion (Tarlton's) under Major Cochran, also lay here, and at Jericho, but was not distinguished for good conduct. The Hesse Hanaus. Col. Janecke. lay here one winter, and left May 2S. 1783. They were an ill-favored set of little men ; the gleanings of the German recruits. They ripped boards out of the Episcopal Church to make berths, barracks, &c. Others, following their example, took away piece after piece for firewood, till it blew down, and was sold at auction in 1S04. There was a noisy crowd in front of a store where the young people had passed the evening in conversation, when Stephen Lobden came out to see what was the matter. The 232 ARMED OCCUPATION. guard fired and killed him. Such an outrage excited the peo- ple, and petitions were circulated praying for redress. The British Commandant at New-York sent up an officer to hear complaints. But no one dared to come forward, fearing the resentment of the Hessians, So nothing was done. During the day the officers were seen talking in groups in great excite- ment, and at night all the glass in the windows of S. Wooden, one of the petitioners, was broken. * The 3d Battalion under Lieut. Col. Hewlett, lay here from June to August, after the peace. They left one Sunday morn- ing before day to escape observation. The British almost al- ways moved on a " first day." The soldiers were not billeted, but took an entire building to themselves. They also occupied the Baptist Meeting House (since removed and used as a barn) and the New Light Meet- ing House, which was removed by Simcoe from the back road, now Sampson's to Cock's Lot. The Friends' Meeting House was used as a Commissary's Store, and had a guard at the door constantly. There was a long stack of hay north of Townsend's. Capt. Wickham, of the Queen's Rangers, was Forage Master. 424. On one occasion, the Hessians were reported to be shooting among the sheep of John Kirk. Jonathan Haire loaded his gun and hastened to the field. Six sheep lay dead. He fired on the Hessians, when they left their booty. The bold fellow was taken before Col. Wurmb to answer for his offence. " You are Mr. Haire, I suppose ?" '• I am, please your honor." " Did you fire on these men?" " I did. I found them killing and stealing my neighbor's sheep." " I hope you will not do so again." " Indeed, I will," replied Haire. After a slight reprimand, he was allowed to depart.* * Jacobus Monfort, hearing a noise in his cow-yard, fired in the dark and wounded a Hessian baker in the neck. He was seized and carried before an officer, who at once dismissed him, saying, " If you had killed him, I'd have given you a guinea." 425. The door of Jost Hegeman, Cedar Swamp, was forced open by a rail. The robbers could find no money, but carried off silk handkerchiefs and some trifling articles. They dropped OYSTER BA^. 233 a cap as they left the house, by which it was discovered that they belonged to a company of soldiers billeted in Cedar Swamp. James H., a lad, escaped and alarmed the neighbors, but the darkness favored the escape of the robbers. 426. Amos Underbill's house was robbed. Fortunately £300 had been hid in the clock bottom ; and although they rummaged the house, the clock escaped their scrutiny. Squire John Wright was not so fortunate. While the robbers passed into the back room the old lady slipped a bag containing £250 into her lap. This was observed by the robbers, who instantly relieved her of her charge and left. To stop these robberies guards were set in Cedar Swamp, Wheatly, and elsewhere. 427. Silas Downing's store, at B. Rushmore's, Cedar Swamp, was forcibly entered by five soldiers from Jericho, their faces painted. Luckily he had a few days before taken all his money to New- York to buy goods, whereby the robbers were frustrated in this part of their plan. They then demanded I. Rushmore's watch. He handed them a dumb watch of his son's, hanging near the mantel, which they pocketed without discovering the trick. After gathering up some trifling articles and about $10 in cash they went off". 428. On one occasion the whale boatmen found a vessel aground at Cold Spring. When they could not get her off, they threatened to burn her, unless the owners would ransom her, which they readily did. • 429. The whale boatmen robbed the store of Youngs, at East Woods, hid the plunder in bushes near the shore, so as to remove it at a more suitable time. Meanwhile some per- son passing by the thicket discovered the goods and suspected what was going on. The militia agreed to watch and inter- cept the whale boatmen. At sundown a boat was descried nearing the shore. The crew landed. The main body of mi- litia kept out of sight, but some stragglers hailed the maraud- ers, who took the alarm and fled. 430. Nicholas Wright's store was robbed; Justice Smith, of Hog Island, was robbed of silks, &c, and Wm. Ludlam, a tailor, who lived with him was robbed of a great many suits of 231 ARMED OCCUPATION. clothes he was making up tor his customers. Sarah Wright, at Cove Neck, was robbed among other things of a silver milk pot, which was carried to Stamford. Selah Wood's store, at East Woods, was also robbed. The house of John Willels, Cedar Swamp, was broken open, his hands tied, and every threat used — even his house set on fire to make him disclose his money — but in vain. BRITISH PROCLAMATIONS RELATING TO QUEENS COUNTY. 431. For an encouragement to his Majesty's liege subjects to raise a plentiful supply of fresh provisions and vegetables, hay and other forage, for his Majesty's service, all persons are for- bid trespassing or breaking down and destroying fences, or car- rying away produce from the owners. March 20, '77. 432. HOWE orders magazines of Forage to be established on Long Island, and notice given to farmers who may be able to supply them with hay, straw, oats and Indian corn, at the following rates, hay 5s. per cwt., straw 2s., oats and corn accord- ing to quality. And for the better encouragement of such persons, an allowance of Is. per mile for every 1000 lbs. will be paid for carriage to the magazines at Brooklyn Ferry, Great Neck, Hempstead Harbor or Oyster Bay. Proper persons are appointed to receive the same and ascertain the weight. On presenting a certificate of the delivery, the forage will be paid for immediately. All who raise forage will be expected to fur- nish their proportion. June 12, '77. 433. Wanted, persons who understand the business of stacking and thatching hay. Apply to the forage magazine, New- York. June. 3, '77. 434. That the inhabitants of Long Island and Staten Island maybe supplied with necessaries, and at the same time to pre- vent supplies being conveyed to the rebels through these chan- nels, Howe directs that no vessel shall at any one time, without permission from the Superintendent, carry from New- York to Long Island or Staten Island, more than one barrel of rum, spirits, sugar, molasses, or four bushels of salt ; or more of any merchandise than sufficient for one family. HJ^No fees BRITISH PROCLAMATIONS. 235 to be offered. Penalty, forfeiture of goods and vessel and im- prisonment of the master. Informers to have one moiety.* July 17, '77. * Capt. S. once run 200 bushels of salt covered with oyster shells, to Patchogue, a great place for running goods. It cost Gs a bushel and sold for 18s. It was carried over land to the Sound, and destined forS. Jack- son, who kept a commissary's store for the American army, at Red Hook. —Ed. 435. A quantity of straw wanted immediately for His Ma- jesty's use: it is requested that farmers will thrash out their grain directly, and deliver the straw without delay at the differ- ent magazines. — Aug. 4. '77. 436. By order of Lt. General Sir Henry Clinton. K. B., farmers are directed immediately to deliver into His Majesty's magazines all the straw they have already thrashed, and get the remainder ready without delay. Due attention, it is expected, will be paid to this order, as any further delay must occasion disagreeable methods. Sept. 1, '77. 437. Persons in want of salt to cure necessary provisions for their family use the ensuing winter, must produce a certifi- cate of a Justice of the Peace* next their place of residence, that they are proper persons to be trusted. Three bushels al- lowed each family. Nov. 15, '77. * This being found inadequate, a certificate was required from the commanding officer of the King's troops on Long Island, or a field offi- cer of the militia of the county. Seized salt, property of the seizer. — Ed. 438. To prevent extortion by boatmen, the price of walnut is fixed at £5 per cord, and .£4 for all other wood. Boatmen who desist bringing wood at the above prices, will be deprived of their boats. The wood of proprietors refusing to sell to boat- men at moderate prices, will be seized and confiscated. Nov. 7, '77. 439. Whereas the farmers of Long Island are possessed of great quantities of wheat, rye, and Indian corn : and it is highly unreasonable that those who stand in need of the same should be left to the mercy of the farmer ; the price of wheat is fixed at 12s. per bushel of 58 lbs, rye and corn at 7s. ; wheat flour 35s. per cwt., rye 20s., Indian corn 17s. Farmers are ordered to make a return to the commanding officer of the militia of the *J35 ARMED OCCUPATION, county of the quantity they have, and how much they want for family use. Dec. 27, '77. 440. Robertson appoints John Thompson, Esq., of Brook- lyn, to have wood cut and supplied the poor of New- York at cost of cutting and carting: and 4s. per load to said T. for his trouble. Dec. 22, "77. 441. Farmers are ordered to thrash out immediately one third of their present crop of wheat and rye ; and one third by February next : the residue by May 1. Whoever disobeys will be imprisoned and his crop confiscated. Dec. 20, '77. H. CLINTON, Lieut. Gen. 442. In consequence of the large quantities of wood brought into New-York, walnut is reduced to £4 per cord, and 55s. for any other. Dec. 27, '77. ROBERTSON. 443. To prevent supplies to the enemy.* all wet or dry goods in trading vessels or carrying by land on Long Island without a permit,f are to be seized. Half the proceeds to the seizer. June '78. D. JONES, Commanding His Majesty- s Forces, on New- York, Long- Island, and Staten Island. * Imm?nse quantities of British goods were run from Long Island into the American lines. Storekeepers would allow themselves to be robbed and then get a permit for more goods, or secretly meet at night and trade with Connecticut whale boats. Capt. S. once carried 17 hhds. of rum and molasses to Patchogue.nnd received 17 half joes for freight. He was armed with 13 swivels, and had 17 boys and men to beat, off any assailant. This trade was often winked at by British underlings, who shared the profits. Rum sold for 18s. per gallon. — Ed. t I have contrary to the former practice of this office, received fees for writing passes for vessels, and it has given offence ; all who have paid shall have restitution made. June 3, '78. JOHN LE CHEVALIER ROOME. 444. Farmers are required immediately to thrash out their grain, as the straw is wanted for His Majesty's Troops; for which they will be paid at the usual rates, on producing cer- tificates of delivery from the Deputy Commissary at the differ- ent Posts of Brooklyn and Flushing. Same allowance for transportation as last year. Sept. 10, '78, Riv. 445. Upland hay Ss., salt hay 4s., straw 3s. per cwt. ; corn 10s., oats 7s. per bushel ; 2s. 6d. per ton for carting or water BRITTSH PROCLAMATIONS. 237 carriage. Forage of delinquents taken and no pay. These prices are fixed that there may be no excuse for delay. Dec. 9, '78. 446. Goy. Tryon to Lord Germaine. Dec. 16. '78: :; I have been obliged from the frequent duties the militia of Kings and Queens counties have been called on to perform, to appoint Archibald Hamilton aid-de-camp and commandant of the Mi- litia of Queens County, with the pay of the army, and Mr. Long as Adjutant for ditto : and Mr. Depeyster as an assistant, at 3s. per day. to Col. Axtel of Kings County Militia, to execute my orders, and summon and regulate the Militia in the two counties." Brod. Doc. 447. The Proclamation of December 20. '78. is altered so as to encourage an ample supply : wheat 26s. currency per bushel, rye 10s.. corn 10s., buckwheat 7s.. wheat flour 80s. per cwt, Indian meal 28s.. rye meal 30s.. buckwheat 26s. If more is demanded, the grain forfeited ; one half to the informer. The Colonels of the Militia on Long Island will take account of the grain in their districts. Jan. 22. '79. 448. Permits granted to farmers and gardeners to cut rail- ing for their fences on lands of persons not under the protec- tion of government. Woodcutters, who have broken down fences, and done other damage on cultivated lands, will be se- verely punished. Feb. S. '19. D.JONES. 449. Permits granted loyal subjects to enclose and cultivate for their own benefit, portions of the cleared woodlands, and other uncultivated land of persons not under protection of go- vernment, on Long Island, and to erect temporary habitations thereon. Certificates of character to be produced at the Po- lice. Mar. 6. '79. D. JONES. M. G., Commandant. 450. Farmers who have supplied the horse department of the Royal Artillery with forage and grain, may present their accounts. June 19. '79. 451. A number of haymakers wanted immediately for his Majesty's service, who will receive the best wages. Apply to the Forage Office, Burling Slip. June 26. '79. 452. Small craft with marketing, &c. to New- York, must have a pass from the commanding officer on Long Island, or 11* 238 ARMED OCCUPATION. military colonel of the county. All vessels departing after dark, or before gun-fire, are to be seized by the guard-boats. July 22, '79. 453. To prevent gunpowder getting into improper hands, none is to be sold at vendue without license from the Police, nor be delivered to any purchaser till he produce a certificate from the Police that he has made oath that it is intended for retailing to the inhabitants. Nov. 23, 79. 454. Persons having permits to cut wood off certain lands on Long Island, will bring what they have cut to market. The colonels of the militia of the district will employ the neighboring farmers, and settle the rates for carting. The wood of those unwilling to cut, is to be cut by others, who will pay the owners the customary price for standing wood. Nov. 24, '79. H. CLINTON. 455. Dec. 22. '79. Woodcutters will meet with the best encouragement by applying to Mr. Betts. innkeeper. Jamaica. Proper persons will attend to show the wood to be cut. Ac- commodations for persons employed in the above business, pro- vided contiguous to the place of cutting. 456. To prevent waste and devastation of woodland, all persons are forbid to cut wood on land not belonging to them, without leave, or on the estates of persons supposed to be in rebellion, but to lay the title and authority before the govern- ment, that order and method may be introduced. Ap. 1, '80. ROBERTSON. 457. Proprietors of lands from which firewood has been cut by the troops while in winter quarters, will send their certifi- cates to the barrack master general. Ap. 10, '80. 458. The scarcity of forage last spring, and the demands of the army having filled the farmer with apprehensions, to pre- vent the inconveniences of foraging by small detachments, I give this public assurance that all who bring in two-thirds of their first grass, may keep the other third. Commissaries will, attend to weighing, assisted by the civil and military officers of the county. Thus the upright will be satisfied, and the artful BRITISH PROCLAMATIONS. 239 detected in their attempts to conceal. Certificates of hay and cartage paid, on presentation at New- York. July 1, '80. ROBERTSON. 459. The necessity of a seasonable and ample supply of fuel for his Majesty's troops, obliges me, however reluctant, to call on the inhabitants of Long Island to furnish a proportion of wood for the barrack yard in New-York, to guard against the severities of a long winter. Kings county is required to get 1,500 cords, Queens 4,500, and the west part of Suffolk (in- cluding Huntington, Islip, Smithtown, and Brook Haven) 3,000 cords, cut and corded by August 15. The civil and military officers of each county will meet, 25th inst., at Flatbush, Ja- maica, and Smithtown, and assess on each district its propor- tion. The officer of the district will then direct each farmer to cut his part, regulating it by the woodland he owns; and on notice given, he will muster the teams of the neighborhood and cart it to the appointed landing. The wood ready corded, is then to be surveyed in presence of the barrack master, who will give a certificate on the spot to the owner, at the rate of thirty shillings per cord for walnut, twenty shillings for oak, and four shillings per mile for cartage. The foregoing are not adapted to the east part of Suffolk. The inhabitants of South- old, East Hampton, and South Hampton, are required to cut in the woodland late of Wm. Smith and Wm. Floyd, (now out in rebellion,) in the parts nearest the Mastic Neck Landing, 3,030 cords, by September 1. When it is surveyed at the waterside, they will receive ten shillings per cord for cutting and carting. June 16, '80. ROBERTSON. 460. The situation of Long Island rendering it necessary to establish the means of administering justice, without sub- jecting the inhabitants to the interruptions and delays attend- ing their application in the city, Robertson appoints Geo. Dun- can Ludlow, Master of the Rolls and Superintendent of Police on Long Island, with powers on principles of equity to hear and determine controversies till civil government can take place. July 15, '80. [David Colden, Assistant, James Creigh- ton, Secretary. Office days, Tuesday and Wednesday, at the house, now J. D. P. Ogden's, Jamaica. — Ed.'] 240 ARMED OCCUPATION. 461. Queens County Address presented to Gov. Robert- son,* by Col. Hamilton.t Sam'l Clowes, Esq. Capt. Benj. Hewlett, Major Kissam, Tho's Smith, Esq. Capt. R. Belts, V. H. Peters, Esq. John Hewlett, Esq. Cnpt. Cha's Cornell, Dan'l Kissam, Esq. Jos. French, Esq. Capt. Tho's Van Wyck, Tho's Willet, Esq. Dr. Seabury, Capt. G. Rapalje, Rich. Alsop, Esq. Capt. Cha*s Hicks, Capt. B. Hoogland, in behalf of the county : i; The principles which inspired a large majority of the people of Queens county to oppose the beginning and progress of those dangerous measures that have led this county to the most fatal convulsions, do still animate us to promote his Majesty's service by our utmost exertions to accelerate that happy day when relations, friends, and fellow-citizens shall re- embrace each other, and return to the offices, pleasures and employments of peace, when we shall enjoy our ancient privi- leges, participate in an extensive commerce, be exempt from all taxation not imposed by ourselves, and included in one com- prehensive system of felicity with the parent country. Queens County, Aug. 5, '80." * Tryon was Governor of New-York till March, 1780, when he was succeeded by Robertson. Sir Guy Carlton was the last British Go- vernor of New- York. — Ed. t There were seventeen militia companies in Queens county under Col. Hamilton. 462. The freeholders of Long Island will choose commis- sioners to lay out highways, and overseers, who will clear, level, and amend them six days in the year. If neglected, the Police will do it. Aug. 19, '80. 463. For the relief of loyal subjects driven from their pos- sessions, the houses and lands of rebels will be divided among them; and small lots in proportion to. the number of claimants, will be assigned to destitute refugee families. Those who have petitioned for houses and lands of persons in rebellion, will call on Philip J. Livingston, Hell-Gate, and receive answers to their petitions. Sept. 18, '80. 461. All persons are forbid going on land of others and BRITISH PROCLAMATIONS. 241 cutting wood growing thereon, as has been practised ; but it is hoped the owners who have wood, will cheerfully exert themselves in furnishing seasonable supplies for the different posts, as a generous price is given. Oct. 9, '80. 465. All persons permitted to keep taverns, shops, or act as traders on Long Island, must obtain from the Police there, a recommendation for such -quantities of goods as they may judge proper to allow such persons from time to time to bring on Long Island, before they can obtain a permit. To prevent the improper conveying of goods, wares, stores, provisions, and merchandise from New-York city, all persons are forbid carrying them out by land or water without permit. The in- habitants of Long Island will obtain at the superintendent's office a permit for carrying to their respective homes proper quantities of the above articles for family use. Oct. 28, '80. ROBERTSON. 466. All persons who have petitioned for houses and lands in Suffolk county, belonging to persons in rebellion, and all others not provided for in a former distribution in Kings and Queens, who are desirous of locations in Suffolk, will apply to P. J. Livingston, Hell-Gate, Long Island. Refugees are noti- fied that the residue of lands in Suffolk, not wanted for the ac- commodation of petitioners, will be leased to others by Dec. 10. Nov. 18, '80. ROBERTSON. 467. All persons unprovided for in the distribution of rebel property within the lines, will receive a final answer to their petitions by March 1. Sufficient lots of land will be granted refugees, who have not petitioned, on York Island, with per- mission to cut wood for houses and fences on rebel lands in Westchester and Suffolk counties. Feb. 24, '81. 468. Samuel Clowes appointed clerk of Queens county, in place of Thomas Jones, resigned; also appointed surrogate. Mar. 21, '81. 469. Owners of woodland on Long Island, in the neighbor- hood of landings, are enjoined without delay to cut and cart their cord wood to the waterside, and sell it at Flushing, and east- ward as far as Cow Neck, at £3 per cord for oak, and £4 10s. for hickory. From Cow Neck to Huntington Harbor inclusive, 242 ARMED OCCUPATION. at 45s. for oak, and 70s. for hickory. From Huntington to Se- tauket, 35s. for oak, and 45s. for hickory. And on south side of Long Island, 40s. for oak, and 65s. for hickory, The teams employed in carting this wood, will be protected from other public duty. This wood shall be sold in New-York, to private citizens, at £i per cord for oak, and £6 for hickory. The Police on Long Island will enforce the above order, and direct such particular tracts to" be cut as shall be pointed out. Nov. 17, '81. ROBERTSON. 470. All boatmen plying between New-York and places on the Sound, may renew their licenses by bringing a certificate that they have brought a freight of wood from some place east of Flushing. Jan., '82. 471. Wood! Wood! Wood! The citizens and boatmen are hereby informed that the inhabitants on the north side of Long Island have engaged to deliver, four weeks from date, 1000 cords of wood at the landings, at Little, Great, and Cow Necks, 250 cords each week— to be paid for at the landing, at proclamation prices. Boats going for said wood, will meet with every protection. — Nov. 27, '81, Gaine. 472. For encouragement to farmers and gardeners to raise plentiful supplies of fresh provisions, vegetables, grain and forage : all persons are forbid taking away or destroying their cattle, stock, or other produce, or do damage, or break down fences. All offences punished with the utmost severity. Com- plaints to be made to the nearest commanding officer. Ap. 9, '82. CLINTON. 473. The price of good well cured English hay is 6s. cur- rency per cwt, salt hay 3s., good clean straw, 2s. 3d., with for- mer allowance for freight and cartage. June 29, '82. 474. The reduction of horses and wagons belonging to the quarter master general, will occasion a call on the country to supply the magazines, and to assist in other extraordinary duty. A return has been made of those on Long Island, that each district may perform its proportion of this service, and be regularly paid. The captains of militia are to furnish teams weekly in rotation from their companies. Certificates given, and pay allowed, at 14s. per day for a wagon, two horses, and BRITISH PROCLAMATIONS. 243 a driver. The farmers of Kings, Queens, and Huntington, are requested to bring in half their fresh hay to the nearest maga- zine before the end of August, at £6 per ton, and the usual cartage; and they will be protected in keeping the other half, and be considered as having employed their teams for the time on public duty. Aug. 3, '82. ROBERTSON. 475. All persons within the lines, whose houses and lands have been withheld from them on account of offences against the Crown, and all without the lines, who have abandoned es- tates within, are desired to send their claims to the officers of Police. Persons occupying such estates, will be answerable for all waste hereafter committed. Feb. 18, '83. 476. fiiv., Jan. 16, '83. The proprietors of houses and lands lately evacuated, will apply to Lieut. Gov. Campbell for the possession of those on Long Island. O. DELANCY, Adj. Gen. 477. A Board was established, June 16, '83, to settle in a summary way all debts of £10 and upwards, contracted by citizens of New-York and its dependencies, since Nov. 1, '76. 478. Commandant's Office, Sept. 13, '83. If any fees or gratuities have been paid the clerks, in this office, for passes, certificates, &c, since August 20, they will be returned on ap- plication, as it was contrary to express orders. 479. Prices in Public Market, Oct. 22, '83. Butter, 2s. 6d. per pound; veal, lOd. to Is. 6d. ; beef, 6d. to Is.; lamb, lOd ; mutton, 7d. to 13d.; Indian meal, 16s. per cwt. ; potatoes, 3s. 6d. per bushel ; fowls, 4s. a piece ; turkeys, 6s. for eight pounds. 480. May 9, '83. Free pardon to all non-commissioned of- ficers and privates, deserters* from the Hessian Corps. LOSSBERGH, Commander -in- Chief of the Auxiliary Troops of Hesse. * Many Hessians deserted and settled in this country, and became valuable citizens. — Ed. Sept. 6, '83. All persons having claims on government for supplies to the British army between April 19, '75, and August 19, '83, are notified that the Board for investigating them will not sit after Sept. 1. G. TOWNSEND, PresH. 244 ARMED OCCUPATION. LIST OF REGIMENTS THAT LAY IN QUEENS COUNTY. 4S1. In April, 1777, Sir Wm. Howe issued his proclama- tion for levying troops to suppress the unnatural rebellion in North America, and affording his Majesty's faithful subjects an opportunity to co-operate in relieving themselves from the miseries attendant on anarchy and tyranny, and restoring the blessings of peace and order with lawful government. Every non-commissioned officer* shall receive 200 acres of land in the province where his corps was raised ; privates, 50 acres, and serve two years, or during the war. * Most of the officers were outlawed at the peace, and died in exile. — Ed. 482. The Ministry had sent out equipments for 8,000 Provincials, but met with poor success. Delancy was au- thorized to raise 1,500, but in the spring of '77, he had only 597, and in May, '78, only 707. Howe complained that thou- sands fled to the British, while but few enlisted. In May, '78, all the provincial corps amounted to only 3,609, although the officers added from their own purses to the King's bounty, (see 375 ;) and as the troops usually after their summer expeditions returned to Long Island for winter quarters, and as many new corps were raised from the floods of refugees who inundated it, we annex an imperfect list of the Provincial, Hessian, and British troops that lay in Queens county during the war. 483. Provincial Forces of North America. Oliver Delancy,* Cortland Skinner,t Montfort Brown,J Benedict Arnold, § Brigadier Generals. * Died, at Beverly, England, Oct. 27, 1785, aged 68, Oliver Delan- cy, late of New- York, who lost a large estate by his loyalty. — Gent. Mag. [There were two Delancys, father and son ; the latter was Ma- jor of 17th Dragoons, and succeeded Maj. Andre as Adjutant, and died within a few years with the rank of Barrack Master General of the British Empire, (see 214,368.)— Ed. t He was from New Jersey, (see 243, 251.) t Formerly Governor of New Providence, carried off by Com. Hop- kins, and exchanged for Lord Stirling. (See 169.) § His Legion lay near Black Stump. LIST OF REGIMENTS. 245 484. Delancy's Battalions.— 1st Battalion. Col. : O. Delancy; Lieut. Col, John Harris Cruger;* Major, Joseph Greene ;f Captains. Jacob Smith, Thomas and James French; Galbreath, Roorback, Kerr ; Lieutenant, T. Cunningham : N. Rogers, Quarter Master; N. Smith. Surgeon; Cha's Bowden, Chaplain. (See 128, 129, 174, 227) * Married Delancy's daughter, and removed to England at the peace. t Married John Townsend's daughter, of Oyster Bay, and removed to Ireland. 485. 2d Battalion. Cot., George Brewerton, (see 245;) Lieut. Col., Steph. Delancy ; Major, Tho's Bowden ;* Cap- tains, Geo. Dunbar, Tho's W. Moore, Sam'l Hallet, Walter Campbell, H. Hatch, E. Potts; Lieutenants, A. McMillan, B. Lister, Dan'l Hallet, B. P. Griffiths, Colin Campbell, J. McCart- ney, D. Cameron ; Ensigns, T. Shrieve, H. Ferguson. Geo. Brewerton, Jas. Delancy; Chaplain, M. Badger; Surgeon, J. Johnston. * Sailed for England, Nov. 22, '83. (See 238 ) 486. 3d Battalion. Col., Gab. G. Ludlow;* Lieut. Col. Richard Hewlett ;f Major, Alex. Menzies ;| Captains, Edward Allison, § Gilbert Golden Willet, Cha's Hewlett, Elijah Miles, || Tho's Lister, Barth'w Doughty, Gerardus Clowes, Ichabod Smith; Lieufs, John Clowes, Sam'l Clowes. Edmund Evans, Henry Jackson, Gab. De Veber, Jr., Michael Laffen, Wm. McFarland, Zach. Brown; Ensigns, Nath. Barnum, Wm. Montgomery, Francis De Veber, Tho's Carpenter, Noah Se- Jick, Shadrach Chase; Chaplain, Wm. Walter ;H Adj., Tho's Carpenter ; Quarter Master, Richard Floyd ; Surgeon, Cha's Doughty. (See 206.) [The 3d Battalion, consisting of about three hundred pri- vates, lay in almost every part of Queens county, but chiefly at Lloyd's Neck. There were separate companies at Herricks, Hempstead, Oyster Bay, Flushing, and Jamaica. They w r ent on excursions for forage, and in pursuit of rebels, to most parts of Suffolk county; and sometimes they crossed the Sound on plundering expeditions, or to bring off refugees and recruits from the Main. At the peace, they had lands granted them in Nova Scotia, whither most of them went. — Ed.] 240 ARMED OCCUPATION. * Outlawed, with other brother officers, by the State of New-York, "for not only giving aid and assistance to the enemies of their country, but putting themselves in arms to enslave the same." — Elected Mayor of St. John's, 1785. t Served in the old French war, (see 190.) Distinguished for his heroic defence of Setauket, Died in New Brunswick, July, 1789. t Died, February, '81. at Hempstead. § Owned a farm at Foster's Meadow. || One S. tried to raise a company of recruits, and so get a captain's commission ; but not succeeding, he transferred his eighteen recruits to Capt. Miles for ten guineas a head. IT Chosen minister of the Church of England at Shelburn, Nova Scotia, in 1785. 487. Queen's Hangers* — Cavalry and Infantry — uniform, green, with white facings.^ Lieut. Col., J. Graves Symcoe ;| Major, R. Armstrong. * Capt. Diemar's Independent Company of Hussars, and Capt. San- ford's Bucks County Volunteers, (dressed in red,) were joined to the Rangers. Capt. D., with his wife, was quartered at Rem (since Jos.) Hegeman's. His Hussars lay in tents under the hill in front of the house. t They wore green coatees and leather breeches. This regiment, 320 in number, was taken at Yorktown, and settled in Nova Scotia at the peace. X Afterwards Governor of Canada, and printed a journal of his mili- tary services. (See 186, 205, 258.) 488. Volunteers of Ireland* Col., Lord Rawdon ; Lieut. Col., Doyle ; Majors, Despard. and Joseph Campbell. * Southern recruits — ' 400 strapping fellows, neither influenced by Yankees or agues" — settled at Rawdon, Nova Scotia, in 178-1, (see 249.) 489. New-York Volunteers* Lieut. Col. ComH, George Turnbull ; Majors, Coffinf and Sheridan ; Captains, John Alt- house,! Fred. Depeyster, Tho's Hewlett,§ Kane, Coffin. Gray, Johnstone, McLean. * Lay at Foster's Meadow after the evacuation of Charleston, Dec. 14, '82, till the peace. Lay at Jerusalem also. First to enter Fort Montgomery, Oct. 6, '77. t Coffin having repeatedly been publicly thanked by the officers under LIST OF REGIMENTS. 247 him, and having distinguished himself, Sept. 8, '81, was appointed Major of the King's American Regiment, vacant by the death of Major Grant. X Married Miss Jackson, of Jerusalem. II is son John, an ensign, is now living. § Killed at Hanging Rock, Sept. 20, '80. 490. British Legion. — Cavalry* Col., Lord Cathcart; Lieut. Col., Banastre Tarlton ; Majors, Geo. Hanger and Cochran. ■^. * Mostly clad in white at Yorktown. At Jericho, Nov. '78 ; at Sag Harbor, Feb., '79 ; at Springfield, April, '82. (See 237.) 491. King '* American Regiment* Col., Edmund Fanning,! Lieut. CoVs., Ed. Winslow and Geo. Campbell; Majors, Ja's Grant and Coffin ; Captains, Abm. Depeyster, T. Cornwall, J. Atwood, J. W. Livingston, T. Chapman, R. Gray, P. Clements ; Chaplain, Sam'l Seabury.J * "June 8, '77. Fanning's Corps is nearly complete." For raising this corps of 460 men, £500 was subscribed by Staten Island, £310 8s. by Kings county, £219 by Jamaica, and £2000 by New-York city. t Son-in-law and secretary of Gov. Tryon. Lieut. Gov. of Nova Scotia, May, '83. + St. Peter's exhortation to fear God and honor the King : a ser- mon preached before his Majesty's Provincial Troops by Sam'l Seabury, Sept. 28, '77, published by order of Gov. Tryon. 492. Prince of Wales's American Volunteers* Col., Mont- fort Brown ; Lieut. CoVs., Tho's Pattinsonf and De Veber ; Major, Carden.J * (See 170.) Reduced from 278 to 9, at Hanging Rock, S.C., July, '80. t At Lloyd's Neck. (See 383.) t Died at Charleston before Dec, '82. 493. Loyal American Regiment. Col., Beverly Robinson j* Lieut. Col., Beverly Robinson, Jr. ; Major, Tho's Barclay. f * (See 173.) X Son of Rev. H. Barclay, quartered at Wm. Leverich's and Richard Berrian's, Newtown. Had an estate at Hell-Gate. 494. King's American Dragoons. — (See 203.) Lieut. Col., Benj. Thompson ; Majors, D. Murray and Upham. 248 - ARMED OCCUPATION. 495. Loyal Forresters. Lieut. Col., Conolly, (see 152.) 496. Royal Garrison Battalion. Lieut. Col., Donkin, (see 149;) Major, Anstruther. 497. Maryland Loyalists* Lieut. Col., Chalmers ; Major, Dulaney. * Lieut. Townsend and Adj. Henley were quartered at Win. Leve- rich's, (now Sackett's^ Train's Meadow. (See 178 ) 498. Beside the preceding, there were the Florida Rangers, North Carolina Volunteers, (see 366,) Wentworth's Volunteers, or New Hampshire Regiment, (see 344, 353,) Volunteers of New England* Associated Refugees,^ and Loyal Refugees.^ In fine, refugees from all the colonies poured into Long Island, and were located on the farms of those Whigs who had fled the county, or sought a livelihood as laborers, woodcutters, me- chanics, traders, and boatmen, or as recruits in the new raised corps. * At Lloyd's Neck. — Carried off the congregation at Middlesex. (See 412.) t Lieut. Col. Winslow, at Lloyd's Neck, March, '79. (See 180.) t Col Abm. C. Cuyler, (See 248.) 499. Hessian Regiments — Jager Corps, mounted and dis- mounted ; uniform green, faced with crimson* Lt.Col.ComH, Lewis de Wurmb ;| Lieut. Col., Preuschenck \\ Major, Philip de Wurmb; Captains, Baron Ewald,§ Donop,|| Wangenheim, Hanger. Romrod, Heinricks ;^[ 1st Lieuts., Hagen, Kellerhaus, Wolf,** Winzingeroda,ft Schceffer ; 2d Lieuts., Bickell,^ Cor- nelius, Flies, Boheln, Besger, Gerresheim, Ocksie ; Judge Ad- vocate, Wiscker.§§ * O T. says, " The Jagers, a higher order of Hessians, lay at North Side in the cold winter — drawn close together for fear of being cut off by the Americans, and suffered much from the cold. The officers often met together, had dinners, suppers, cards, &c, which often ended in a ouarrel that was settled by the sword next day in the back fields. t Quartered at Judge Valentine's, at W. Titus's, Wheatly, and at other places, (see 317, 319.) After the war, Win. Savery, a travelling minister, met Col. W.in Germany, who expressed himself pleased with the treatment he received while among Friends in Queens county. t Quartered at Jackson's, Jericho, and at D. Laton's, Wheatly. LIST OF REGIMENTS. 249 § Quartered at Hend'k O.'s. Published a military work on his re- turn to Germany. || Quartered at John Simonson's. IT Quartered at Dr. Tred well's. ** Quartered at T. Townsend's. tt Quartered at Timothy Smith's. tt Quartered at D. Mudge's. §§ Quartered at Ryerson's Inn, Black Stump. 500. Free Battalion of Hesse Hanau — raised Jan. '81. Lieut. Col., N. Von Janecke ;* Major, Scheele ;f Captains, Franck,J Spangenbergh, Leiningen, Schelm, Westerhagen;§ 1st Lieuts., Kaerner, Koch, Eitelwein, Zipf; 2d Lieuts., Haelcken, Schaeffer, Goerduck, Condrade, Stockel, Goener. * Quartered at Judge Mitchell's, (see 336,431,433.) t Died at Oyster Bay, March, '83. t Quartered at D. Kissam's, Cow Neck. § Quartered at Peter Onderdonk's. 501. Regiment de Knoblauch — uniform blue, white facings. Col., De Porbeck ;* Majors, D'Ende and Goeble ; Captains, Boedicker.t Hegeman4 Hoenstein, Huepeden, Dalwigk ; 1st Lieuts., Waldeck,§ Knoblauch, Goebell, Schenck, Koeber; 2d Lieuts., Apell, Gessner, Justi, Dick. Peternell, Stuckradt, Cor- deman. Their dress varied, but is thus described by Dunlap : " The Hessian had a towering brass-fronted cap, [some had three-cornered hats,] mus- tachios colored with the same material that colored his shoes, [which were square-toed, turned up, and had large buckles,] his hair plastered with tallowand flour,and tightly drawn into a long queue, reaching to his waist ; a blue uniform, almost covered by the broad belts that sus- tained his cartouch box, his brass-hilted sword, and his bayonet ; a yellow waistcoat with flaps, and yellow breeches met at the knee by black gaiters. Thus heavily equipped, he stood an automaton to receive the command or cane of the officer who inspected him." * Quartered at Judge Valentine's, (see 161,328.) t Quartered at Martin Schenck's. | Quartered at Judge Schenck's. § Quartered at Timothy Smith's. 'Tis said the Hessians lay three winters at North Side. 502. 3d Battalion of Hessian Grenadiers. (See 195.) Col., 250 ARMED OCCUPATION. De Schreiber; Lieut. Cols., De Lengerke and Loewenstein; Majors, Kutzleben and Wilmousky. 503. Benning's Corps. Cols., Benning* and Kurtz ; Lieut. Cols., Hildebrand and Martini. * Quartered at Wm. Lines's, (now John Hicks's;) came to North Side after the evacuation of Charleston, Dec. 14, '82 ; when the Jagers gave place to them, and went to Huntington. 504. Regiment du Corps* Lieut. Col., Linsing; Majors, Stamford and Dincklage. * Grenadiers. Uniform, blue faced with yellow. (See 149,254.) 505. British Regulars. — 17th Regiment Light Dragoons. Col., Geo. Preston ;* Lieut. Col., Sam'i Birch ;f Major, Oliver Delancy. Jr.; Captains, R. Archdale, S. Baggot, J. S. Brad- shaw, J. Stapleton ; Capt. Lieut., H. Nettles ; Cornet, Searl ; Chaplain. J. Beever. (See 286.) * Uniform red, white facings. (See 133.) Remount horses arrived from England, May, '77 — made up of the 16th and 17th. The former had 312 men and 265 horses ; the latter had 398 men and 337 horses — engaged at White Plains and Monmouth. When in New-York, they used the Middle Dutch church as a riding-school, to train their horses. t Commanding officer at Hempstead, May, '80. 506. llth Regiment of Foot. Col., Moncton ; Lieut. Col, Johnson; Major, Armstrong, (see 176.) 507. 23c/ Regiment, or Royal Welsh Fusileers* Col., Sir William Howe, K.B. ; Lieut. Col., Balfour ; Major, Mackensie. * See 325. 508. 33d Regiment. (See 139, note.) Col., Earl Corn- wallis ; Lieut. Col., Yorke ; Major, Dansey. 509. 37th Regiment* Grenadiers. Col., Coote, K.B. ; Lieut. Col., Abercrombie ; Major, Graham. *See 144. 510. 3Sth Regiment* — uniform, red faced with yellow. Col., Sir Robert Pigot ;| Lieut. Col., Henry Edward Fox jj Major, French. * Lay at Duryea's, Fresh Meadows, six weeks in the summer of '83. (See 183,201,207.) t See 292. I See 203. LIST OF REGIMENTS. 251 511. 42d, or Royal Highland Regiment* Col., Lord John Murray ; Lieut. Col., Tho's Sterling ; Major, Cha's Graham. * Uniform, red faced with blue ; also belted plaid and hose. The Highlanders changed their national dress for one better adapted to our cold climate. (See 135, 136, 139, 150.) 512. 5±th Regiment of Foot* Col., M. Frederick ; Lieut. Col., A. Bruce jf Majors, A. Foster and John Breese.if * Uniform, red faced with popinjay green. Lay at Sprong's, Fresh Meadow. t See 200, 201. t See 354, note. 513. 60th, or Royal American Regiment* — uniform red, blue facing. Col. ComH, John Dalling ; Lieut. Col., Archibald MacArthur ; Major, Geo. Thompson. * Lay about Hempstead just before the peace, and marched out to the tune of Roslyn Castle. 514. §Uh Regiment* Grenadiers — uniform, red faced with black. Col., Pomeroy ; Lieut. Col., Ed. Eyre ; Major, Bre- reton. *See 177,210,266. 515. list Regiment, or Highland Foot* Col., Simon Fra- zer ; Lieut. Col., Archibald Campbell. * Clothed in red, white facings, in winter ; in kilts and bonnets in summer. 'Tis said a Major Baird, of 71st, cruelly wounded Gen. Wood- hull— doubtful — Ed. 516. Iteh Regiment Highland Foot* Grenadiers. Lieut. Col, ComH, J. Campbell; Majors, Alex. Campbellf and Rob't Montresor. * Uniform, red faced with yellow. Child baptized at Jamaica, April, '82. (See 269.) t See 220. 517. 80th Regiment* or Royal Edinboro^ Volunteers. Col., Sir William Erskine ; Lieut. Col., Tho's Dundas ; Majors, Ja's Gordon and Wm. Maxwell; Captain, David Kinlock.f * Baptism at Jamaica, Nov., '80. (See 183.) t See 231. 252 ARMED OCCUPATION. 518. 82d Regiment. Cols.. Gunning and F. McLean ;* Lieut. Col., Craig ; Major, Robertson. "See 181. 519. 84^ Regiment, or Royal Highland Emigrants. Col., Sir H. Clinton, K. B. ; Lieut. Col., John Small ; ^Majors, Alex. Macdonald and Tho's Murray. * See 203. The preceding list includes only such Regiments as have been noticed in the course of this work. The British officers expected the utmost condescension. If a farmer, in passing, should neglect to take off his hat, he might depend on a caning ; though the Briton would scarcely deign to notice him, much less return the civility. In addressing an officer, your hat should be under your arm. The quartering of officers and billeting of soldiers in private houses, was a great annoyance. An officer was entitled to one or more of the best rooms, and had a guard constantly parading to and fro before the door. The soldiers generally took the kitchen. The first notice you had that your house would be wanted, was, " Well, madam, I've come to take a billet on your house." Insubordination arose among the slaves, who either ran away, or became less respectful to their owners, when they saw them lorded over by British officers. Between the oppressions of British soldiers, and the depredations of American whale boats,* the inhabitants suffered sadly, and all hailed the period of their deliverance from both. * The whale boatmen were Americans (many of them refugees from Long Island) living on the Connecticut shore, who had commissions from the Governors of New- York and Connecticut to cruise in the Sound against British vessels ; and it required no great stretch of conscience to go on land and plunder indiscriminately, Whig and Loyalist, (see 388,) under pretence of carrying off British goods. The whale boat warfare at length degenerated into downright robbery. The whale boats were sharp at each end, the sheathing often not over half an inch thick, and so light as to be easily carried on men's shoulders, either to be hid in the bushes or re-launched in the South Bay. Some were thirty-two feet long, and impelled by from eight to twenty oars, and would shoot ahead of an ordinary boat with great velocity, and leave their pursuers far be- hind. They were always on the look-out, and in a calm would row out of their lurking places, and board market boats, or even cut off the de- tached vessels of a convoy. Another more honorable employment of whale boats was to carry off distinguished Loyalists, so as to exchange them for Whig prisoners. (See 304, 305, 314, 336, 374, 305,397, 398, 402.) PART V. CONCLUSION. EVACUATION OF QUEENS COUNTY. 520. Sir Guy Carlton, Governor of New- York, says : " I pro- pose to resign the possession of Herricks and Hempstead, and all to the eastward, on Long Island, Nov. 21." — Sparks, VIII. 547. After evacuating New- York (Nov. 25), he yet retained posses- sion of Staten Island, Dennis's, New Utrecht, and the circumja- cent district on Long Island, for the use of troops unprovided with transports, till Dec. 4, when they embarked and took their final departure from our unhappy isle. This long delay was owing to the removal of so many loyalists, who dared not remain here after the passage of so many violent resolutions by whig meet- ings in various parts of the Union. Ships were sent for from the West Indies, and even from Europe. 521. We have scarcely any particulars of the evacuation of Queens county, except that the Hessians from the Fly marched through Newtown ; the road was full for some time. — Delancy's 3d Battalion was marched towards New- York, and discharged, a few at a time, to prevent their clubbing together and doino 1 mischief. A half guinea was given each soldier to drink the King's health. — At the peace, the British, in Newtown, gradu- ally drew off toward Bushwick. Their last encampment was in the Cedar Lots, on the road to the Penny Bridge. — On the evacuation of Flushing, in the morning there were thou- sands around, barns full ; in the afternoon all, all were gone, and it seemed quite lonesome. — J. F., who kept store in Jamaica, says, "One day the British patrolled the streets, next day the 1-2 254 CONCLUSION". American soldiers.— The 60th Regiment left Hempstead to the time of Roslin Castle. (See 513. 367.) NOVA SCOTIA 522. As a number of the most active Loyalists of Queens county, and of the Provincial Regiments raised here, was obliged to seek refuge in Nova Scotia at the peace, to escape the vengeance of the exasperated Whigs, we annex such notices of their emigration thither as have fallen under our observa- tion— £c/. At the fall of Cornwallis. (Oct. 19. "SI.) 471 heads of fami- lies associated to settle on lands granted the Loyalists in Nova Scotia.* They were divided into sixteen companies, with a captain and two lieutenants to each, to keep order and regularity, and had forty pieces of cannon, ammunition and military stores, carpenters, and all kinds of tools and implements for a settle- ment on a large scale. April 27. 'S3. 6000 sailed in a fleet of t teen square-rigged vessels, with several sloops and schooners to carry horses, protected by two men-of-war. They reached Port Roseway after a six days' passage, and chose a site for a town afterwards named Shelburn. They commenced operations with great regularity and energy. Hills were levelled, hollows filled up. trees eradicated, and towns laid out. For present ac- commodation, temporary huts and tents were erected. They had excellent fish and lobster from the Roseway. t But late in autumn, an unwelcome addition was made: an inundation of refugees of an opposite character to the first settlers, was poured in from the colonies. These they felt obliged to admit in their communion. The population arose to 10.000, some say 14.000 : but being remote from other settlements, and no roads, and the people unused to the mode of settling a wilder- ness, it rapidly declined: a great part of the Loyalists returned to their native land, and thus raised a great prejudice against Nova Scotia. — HaUburton. II. 192. Sept. 29. '83, Gaine. The fleet for Nova Scotia, of thirty sail, put to sea yesterday. (See 2SS. 366.) * The feelings of the Loyalists within the British lines, may be judged NOVA SCOTIA. 255 of from the following address to Sir Gay Carlton and Admiral Digby, at New- York, Aug. 10/62: '• It is impossible for us to express the consternation with which we are struck, even on the probability of so calamitous an event as the in- dependency of the thirteen provinces of America taking place. We cannot suppress our feelings on a point so e.ceedingly momentous to our future peace, safety and happiness. " To preserve the British Dominions entire, and to evince our pure and disinterested affection for his Majesty's sacred person and govern- ment, we hesitated not to step forth and hazard our lives and fortunes, re- lying on assurances given us that we should never be deserted in a cause so just, and in distresses so great and overwhelming. " But should the great event of the independency of the British colo- nies be determined, and we thereby have to encounter the most inexpres- sible misfortune of being for ever cast cut from his Majesty's protection and government : we have only then to entreat your Excellencies' inter- position with his Majesty, by every consideration of humanity, to secure, if possible, beyond the mere forms of treaty, our persons and properties ; that such as think they cannot safely remain here, may be enabled to seek refuge elsewhere. — Rob. Amer. Gaz , Bee. 17, '82. t Town lots at Port Roseway, sixty by one hundred and twenty feet, sold for from ten to two hundred and fifty guineas each. 523. Most of the provincial regiments had lands assigned them in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick. Canada. &c. — Govern- ment granted three thousand acres of land to a field officer, and to others in proportion, who served in the provincial corps. It was supposed the Loyalists would erect saw-mills (in fact thirty-five were built since '83), and ship lumber and fish to the West Indies. — A grant of one hundred and eight thousand acres in the town of Douglass, was made, 1784, to Lieut. Col. Small, for the location of the 2nd battalion of the 84th regiment, who were Americans enlisted while stationed on Long Island. — The British Legion (Tarlton's) settled, 1783, at Port Mauton, and built while snow was yet on the ground. They were forced to remove, from the barrenness of the soil. Their town, with all their effects, clothing, live stock and furniture, was consumed by fire. They would have died of famine, had not a King's ship been sent to their relief. (See 490, 519.) 524. Those who were once settled in their new homes, 25G CONCLUSION. anxious for more company, wrote home very flattering ac- counts. — Ed. " St. John's Island, May 10, '83. The soil here is good, well wooded, and free from rocks. Climate so good, that fevers and agues are unknown ; water excellent ; harbors spacious ; the rivers and bays abound in a great variety of shell and other fish." A letter from Nova Scotia, August 30, '83, says : " Horses, hogs, cows, sheep, and poultry, are cheaper here than on Long Island. Bring all building materials with you." 525. After a while, accounts from Nova Scotia became more discouraging, and we find the Loyalists, except those who had been in arms, gradually returning home, where they lived unmolested by the Whigs. — Ed. " Port Roseway, Jan. 5, '84. All our golden promises are vanished in smoke. We were taught to believe this place was not barren and foggy, as had been represented, but we find it ten times worse. We have nothing but his Majesty's rotten pork and unbaked flour to subsist on. ' But can't you bake it, seeing it is so wooden a country ?' Only come here your- self, and you'll soon learn the reason. It is the most inhospi- table clime that ever mortal set foot on. Loosely keeps hotel here." Dec. 22, '84, N. J. Gaz. We felicitate our countrymen on the arrival of seventeen families from Nova Scotia, 14th inst. Many more may be daily expected, as the pacific disposition of the Whigs entirely coincides with their sentiments. — Mar. 24, '85. Thirty Tories have returned from Nova Scotia to New- York. — Oct. 12, '85. New Jersey swarms with Tories returned from Nova Scotia. CELEBRATION OF PEACE. 526. Dec. 13, '83, IndepH Gaz. On Monday last, the glo- rious event of peace was celebrated by the Whig inhabitants of Queens county, at Jamaica. At sunrise, a volley was fired by the continental troops stationed in town, and the thirteen stripes displayed on a liberty pole, which had been erected for the purpose. At four o'clock, a number of the gentlemen of SUITS AGAINST LOYALISTS. 257 the county, and officers of the army who were in the neigh- borhood, sat down to an elegant dinner, attended by the music of a most excellent band, formerly belonging to the Line of this State. After drinking thirteen toasts, the gentlemen marched in column, thirteen abreast, in procession through the village, preceded by the music, and saluting the colors as they passed. In the evening, every house in the village, and several miles around, was most brilliantly illuminated, and a ball given to the ladies concluded the whole. It was pleasing to view the different expressions of joy and gratitude apparent in every countenance on the occasion. In short, the whole was con- ducted with the greatest harmony, and gave universal satis- faction. An address was likewise agreed upon, to his Excellency, George Clinton, Governor of the State, and signed by Francis Lewis, John Sands, Richard Thorne, Joseph Robinson, Prior Townsend, Abm. Skinner, Benjamin Coe, Robert Furman, and James Burling. — Thompson, I. 212. [The church bells rung, and there was a free table. Such Loyalists as were to be found, met rough treatment. — Ed.] Peace was celebrated at the stone house, then a tavern, late Abin Rapalje's, at Dutch Kills. The room was lighted with thirteen lamps. — Tho's Butler, at Dosoris, had an ox roasted whole, and gave an enter- tainment, consisting, among other things, of thirteen turkeys, thirteen geese, thirteen ducks, thirteen fowls, &c. — There was a dinner at Rem Hegeman's, Cedar Swamp, and a liberty pole erected. Col. Sands and John Schenck, as they rode up, were received with thirteen volleys. The festival terminated with a dance, and a rain coming on, it was continued till next morning ; so that one of the ladies said she " had been keeping Liberty all night." — There'was also a celebration at Norwich, and pro bably in many other parts of the county. SUITS AGAINST LOYALISTS. 527. The courts were closed in Queens county from Sep- tember, '73, to May, 1784. The Whig committees supplied their place till August 27, '76 ; and then martial law prevailed till the peace, unless the Police be an exception. Till the new 258 CONCLUSION. court-house was built, courts were held in the Presbyterian church, Jamaica, and the Dutch church, Success. 528. To preserve peace and order on Long Island, New- York, and Staten Island, till magistrates can be appointed, and measures devised forsecuring all offenders, so that they can be brought to trial, the American troops were authorized to con- fine all offenders. Nov. 26, '83. 529. Dec. 22, '83. Town meetings were held throughout the county, when the Loyalists did not venture to the polls, and all the offices were filled with Whigs. Robert Hinchman was appointed to take charge of the pub- lic records of Queens county, December 20, '83. 530. The Superior Court opened at Albany, when a great number of persons from very distant abodes appeared, to tra- verse the indictments preferred against them on the charge of adhering to the enemies of this State; all of whom were treated with' the utmost hospitality and good humor by the worthy inhabitants of that city. — fiiv., Oct. 29, '83. A number of Loyalists of Queens county were indicted, but when they appeared at Albany to make their defence, no one appeared against them. They paid their lawyers' fees, and that was the end of the matter. (See Thompson^ I., 213.) The trespass act was aimed at the Loyalists, and affected them seriously. It provided that in all actions of trespass, the defendant should not be allowed to plead the superior order of the enemy. Under this act, the Whigs sued the Loyalists before a justice of the peace for impressing a team, taking a horse, hay, grain, &c. ; and the suits generally went one way. John Luyster, Cedar Swamp, had a fine horse taken •under an impress war- rant by Esq. V. W., who returned him after a while much jaded. He sued at Norwich and recovered damages. Living- ston, defendant's lawyer, attempted to plead the superior order of the enemy, but was overruled by the justice. B. Rushmore also sued him for cattle driven off for the British ; but before the trial, V. W. had gone to Nova Scotia. (See 282, note.) In the Inferior Court of Common Pleas, Thomas Cornwell was sued for trespass by Thomas Waters; John Smith, by Henry Stocker, Aspinwall Cornwell, and Richard Thorne ; St. TAX ON QUEENS COUNTY. 259 Thorne, Sr., by Richardson Sands ; and Ed. Thome, by Sam'I Cornwell and Benjamin Sands, Sr. — Holt, May 29, '84. The Loyalists, by feeing Burr, Hamilton, and other of the ablest Whig lawyers pretty handsomely } succeeded in staving off many of these suits, or removing them by certiorari to the higher courts. In this way the Whigs were frequently frus- trated in their hopes of getting satisfaction for damages. 531. Such of the taxable inhabitants of Queens county (whether Whig or Loyalist) as remained within the British lines during the Revolution, were taxed £14,000 to defray the expenses of the war. — May 28, '84. INDEX OF NAMES. A. Albertson, Derrick, robbed, 336. Alexander, Joseph, hung, 337. Allen, Henry, 33, 101. Altrecht, Capt. Barent, 353, note. Amberman, Derick, murdered, 255. Areson, Benj,, robbed, 205. Baylis, Capt. Ephraim, 48, 58. Baylis, Elias, 56,57, 113. Baxter, Israel, 330. Bennet, Jacob, robbed, 157. Birdsall, B., 42, 66, 81, 83, 87, 88, 218 292 Birch,'Col., 117, 118,505. Blackwell, Samuel, 6, 13, 108. Bloodgood, Widow, 109. Bloomer, Rev. Joshua, 213, 240. Bogart, Isaac, J 19. Bogart Tunis, 334, 368, note. Bowden, Rev. iMr., 213, 225, 260. Bowne, Willet, robbed, 204. Brewerton, Col. George, 245, 485. Brooks, Dr. David, 320, 397. Brown, Col. Monfort,383,483,492. Brush, Major, 316, note, 395. Burling, James, 109, 520. Burns, Michael, 117. Burnet, Rev. M., 212. Burtis, John, attacked, 323. Burr, James, shot, 323. Butler, John, robbed, 411. C. Carlton, Sir Guy, 461, note, 520. Carpenter, Jacob, robbed, 386. Clowes, Samuel, 468. Cock, Capt. Abm.. taken, 391. Cock, Wm., robbed, 386. Cock, Clark, robbed, 394. Cock, Samuel, robbed, 404. Coe,Capt. Benjamin, 102,103,526. Coe, Jona., 108. Colden, David, 123, 191,460. Colden,Lt. Gov., 2, note ; address- ed, 20. Coles, Nathaniel, horse stolen, 415. Coles, Albert, carried off, 397. Coles, Lieut. Robert, 54, 63. Cornwell, Cor:, robbed, 336. Cornwell, Wn#, 33, 90, 330. Cornwell, John, 33, 90. Cornwell, Aspinwall, 33, 305. Cornwell, Hewlett, 330. Cornwell, Richard ,^widow of, rob- bed, 336. Corsa,Col. Isaac, 190. Covert, Tunis, 255. Craft, Wright, 336. Creed, Wm., 113,282. Creed, Benjamin, 261. Cruger, John Harris, 484. Cumberson, Thomas, shoots a sol- dier, 166. Cunningham, W., 117, 200, note, 368, note. Cutting, Rev. Leonard, 338. D. Delancey, Gen. Oliver, 214, 368, 482, 483. Delancey, Maj. Oliver, 112, 505. Dibble, Fyler, 378. Dickie, Capt., 350, 353, 357. IMDEX. 2G1 Ditniars, Dowe, 108, 272. Ditmars, Abra., 72, 114. Dodge, Peter, 115. Dodge, Thomas, 33, 296. Doughty, Samuel, 267, note; rob- bed, 365. Downing, Silas, robbed, 427. Doxey, Isaiah, 96, note, 213. Duryee, Daniel, 113. Edsall, Philip, 218. Emerick, Lieut. Col., 375. Envidito, John, taken, 419. Erskine, Sir William, 117, 390. Everitt, Benjamin, robbed, 281. F. Fanning, Col. Edmund, 491. Farley, Capt. James, robbed , 411. Farmer, John, 11, note. Field, Hezekiah, 108. Fleet, Arnold, carried off, 398. Foster, Sol., shoots a ; soldier, 367. Franklin, Hon. Wm, 407, 410. French, Capt. Joseph, 26. Friend, Charles, 53. Froeligh, Rev. Sol., 213, note. Furman, William, 113, 165. G. Glean, William, 205. Greene, Gen. Nath'l, letter from, 93. Griswold, Joseph, 299. Guthrie, William, hung, 337. H. Haire, Jona., shoots asoldier, 424. Haines, Alexander, 314. Hale, Capt. N., 368, note. Hallet, Joseph, robbed, 132. Hamilton, Col. Archibald, 60, 182, 193, note, 195,446. Hammon, Jupiter, 410, note. Hart, Rev. Joshua, 221. Haviland, David/sheep stolen, 211. Heard, Col., 38. " Hedger, James, shot, 200. Hegeman, Andrew, 368, note. Hegeman, Judge Elbert, 117. Hegeman, Elbert, 334. Hegeman, Joost, 425. Hewlett, Capt. Benj., 347, 253. Hewlett, Richard, robbed, 336. Hewlett, Lieut. Col. Richard, 31, 35, 190, 342, 423, 486. Hewlett, James, robbed, 322. Hewlett, Joseph, 91. Hewlett, Capt. St., 347, 363. Herrold, Samuel, robbed, 301. Flicks, Capt. Charles, 347, 353,359. Hicks, Tho's, 22, 26 ; robbed, 197. Hicks, Serg't William, 91. Higbie, Stephen, 193, note. Hinchman, Robert, 114, 529. Holroyd,John, 300, robbed, 310. Horton, Rev. Simon, 108. Howard, William, 99. Hyler, Capt., 361, 362. Inglis, Rev. C, 56, note. Ireland, John, carried off, 376. Jackson, John, robbed, 350. Jackson, Parmenas, murdered, 354. Janecke, Lieut. Col., 500. Jay, James, 316, note. Jay, John, draws up a report on Queens County, 37. Jervis, David, shoots Capt. Martin and Jim Brown. 323. Jones, Capt. David, 350, note, 360. Jones, Hallet, 365. Jones, Hon. Thomas, 402, 468. Keteltas, Rev. Abm., 2, 75, 114, 251,375. 282 INDEX. Kirby, Benjamin, 397. Kirk, John, 122,424. Kissain, Benjamin, report on stocl of Queens County, 79. Kissam, Daniel, Esq., 22. Kissain, Daniel Whitehead, 41. Lamberson, David, 114. Latham, Dr. Samuel, 118. Laton, Capt. David, 54, 63, 83. Lawrence,. Tacobus, innkeeper, 333. Lawrence, Jona., 22, 77, 102, 108. Lawrence, D., 218. Lawrence, William, 104, 107. Lawrence, Richard, 108. Lee, Gen. Charles, letter from, 41. Livingston, John, Jr., 57, 64, 263. Livingston, Philip J., 463,466. Lloyd, Henry, James, Joseph, and John, 410. Lobden, Stephen, shot, 423. Ludlam, Nicholas, 265,281. Ludlain, William, robbed, 282, 410, 430. Ludlow, Hon. George Duncan, 305, 311,460. Ludlow, Col. Gabriel G., 305, 486. Luyster, John, 530. M. Muuee, Richard, 83,00,116. Martin, Dr. St., 60,64. Martin, Capt. Stephen, shot, 323. Marrener, Capt. Win , taken, 353. Mather, Rev. M , carried off, 412. McEvers, James, 64, 114. Meserole, John, 157. Mills, Samuel, robbed, 281. Mills, Hope, 51, 224. Mitchell, Benjamin, murdered, 327. Mitchell, Lieut. Tho's, 33, 51, 63. Mitchell, Uriah, sheriff, 337. Monfort, Jacobus, 424, note. Monfort, Joost, 119. Moore, Robert, 111. Moore, Lambert, 117. Moore.Tho's Lambert, teacher, 142 Morrell, John, 330. Molt, Adam, robbed, 336, 337. Mott, William, robbed, 336. Mott, John, 359. Madge, Michael, robbed, 332. Muirson, Heathcoat, shot, 410. N. Nostrand, Capt. Peter, 96. Nostrand, Capt. Daniel, 63. O. Ogden, Dr. I., 111,256. Onderdonk, Adrian, letter from, 71, 117. Onderdonk, Peter, 316. Onderdonk, Hendrick, 115, note; robbed, 315. Onderdonk, Andrew, 94, note, 102. Onderdonk, Andrew H , 115, note. Parsons, Gen., 374, 388,390. Pearsall, Thomas, carried off, 314 ; robbed, 336. Pearsall, Israel, robbed, 333. Pearsall, Uriah, 353, note. Peters, Hewlett, 14. Pettet, Benjamin, 65. Pine, James, 353, note. Polhemus, Jacob, 106. Polhemus,Capt. John, 235,283. Pool, James, robbed, 336. Putnam, Gen. Israel, 303; letter of, 388. Ramage, James, 337. Rapalje, John, prisoner, 402, note. Rapalje, Daniel, Esq., 26. Rapalje, Cor., shoots a soldier, 167. Rawdon, Lord, 249, 488. Raynor, Joseph, 350. Remsen, Mij. Abm ,59,81,83, 108. INDEX. 268 Remsen, Col. Jeiomus, 34; letter from, 73; 94, 101, 102,108. Remsen, Jeremiah, shoots three sol- diers, 167. Rennie, Samuel, 107. Rider, Step., wounds Geo. Smith, 65. Riker, Dr., 100. Robertson, Gov., 104, 119, 461. Robinson, Col. Beverly, 493. Robinson, Col. Jos., 18, 29, 66, 111. Rodman, John, 15, 192. Rubell, Rev. Johannes Casparus, 213, note. Rushmore, Isaac, robbed, 387, 427. Ryerson, Cor's, innkeeper, 205. S. Sands, Benjamin, 116, 117. Sands, Col. John, 51, 71, 81, 116, 316,520. Sands, Simon, 90. Schoonmaker, Rev. Martinus, 213. Scott, Gen. John Morin, letters from, 62. Schenck, Martin, 33 ; robbed, 331. Seaman, Zeb., 17, 292. Seaman, Braddock, wounded, 350. Seaman, Capt. Samuel, 360, 365. Seabury, Rev. Samuel, 491. Seabury, Dr., 65,354. Searing, Dr., 65, 354. Searing, John, robbed, 336. Seers, Isaac, letter from, 41. Selleck, Capt. Abm., taken, 373. Sheddan, Capt., boat taken, 414. Simcoe, Lieut. Col., 390, 399, 405, 487. Silliman,Gen.,390,402. Skidmore, John, robbed, 365. Skidmore, Samuel, robbed, 374. Skidmore, Maj. John J., 32, 85, 1 14. Skinner, Gen. Cortland, 483. Skudder, Wm. S., taken, 374,388. Smith, George, wounded, 65. Smith, Joseph, 65. Smith, Othniel, constable, 1. Smith, Col. Josiah, 81, 102, note. Smith, John, 114. Smith, Timothy, 293, a. Smith, Tredwell, robbed. 336. Smith, Thomas, Esq , 374, 430. Sniffen, Peter, robbed, 329. Spooner, Gaphineah, 267. Springsteen, Caspar, 138. Sutton, Wm., carried off, 304,398 Suydam, Hendrick, 36, note. Suydam, Lambert, letter from, 97. T Talman, John, 15,326. Talman, widow, robbed, 200. Tarlton, Lieut. Col., 490. Thompson, Lieut. Col., 494. Thome, John, 91, 316. Thome, Major Richard, 22, 91, 94, 118,309,316,526. Thorne, Tho's, 109; robbed, 337. Thome, Capt. Stephen, 25, 117; robbed, 303,330. Thorne, Robert, innkeeper, 330. Thorne, Capt. Joseph, takes a whale boat, 330. Thurman, John, robbed, 194. ] Thurston, John, 72,114. Tom, Capt. Nath'l, 22, 109. Toogood, Lieut. Wm., 76. Townsend, James, 70, 100. Townsend, George, 84, 122. Townsend, Jotham, 89. Townsend, Samuel, 8, 16, 22, 70, 101,122. Townsend, Rich'd, robbed, 321, 336. Townsend, William, 34. Townsend, Miss Sarah, valentine to, 390. Townsend, John, 122, 398, 484. Townsend, Prior, 526. Tied well, Dr. B., wife of, robbed, 310. Troup, Lieut. Robert, 112. Tryon, Gov. Wm., 117, note, 123, 124. Turnbull, Lieut. Col., 489. j Underhill, George, robbed, 404. ! Underhill, Daniel, robbed, 404. ! Underbid], Amos, 426. 264 1NDKX, Upham, Lieut. Col., 408, 410. Valentine, Ob., 310, 329. Valentine, Capt. Philip, 63, 80. Vanderbelt, John, 109, 183. Van Wyck, Capt. Tho's, thanked, 354, note. Van Wyck, Cornelius, 49, 70, 101. 109. Van Wyck, Stephen, 15, 34. W. Wallace, Alexander, 64,222. Walton, Abm., carried off, 397. Warne, William, 104, note, 111. Weekes, John, 386, 404, 422. Whitehead, Benjamin, 2, note, 64, 257. Willets, Thomas, sheriff, 86. Willis, John, robbed, 430. Williams, John, letter from, 49. Williams, Major William, disarms Loyalists, 31. Williams, Lieut. Thomas, 83, 96. Williams, late Seaman, Zeb., 17,292.' Williamson, John, robbed, 282. Wilson, Andrew, teacher, 216. Wood, Elijah, 352. Wood, Selah, robbed, 430. Wooden, Solomon, 423. Woodhull, Gen., letters from, 33, 40,82,99, 100, 111, 112,190. Woodward, Thomas, shoots a sol- dier, 164- Woolley, Capt. John, 309. Wright, Nicholas, 430. Wright, John, 426. Wright, Capt. Jacob, 32, 103. Wurmb,Col.,499. Wyckoff, Major Hend'k, carries money to Clinton, 316. Y. Youngs, Capt. Israel, 410, 421 , 395. Youngs, Jonas, 398. ERRATA. Page 43, 30th line, for "or" read "an." Page 49, 22nd line, for "36" read "31." Page 58, 34th line, for " Hyman " read " Hegeman." Page 67, 27th line, for "5s. 4d." read 53s. 4d." Page 76, 27th line, for " to " read " of." Page 133, 28th line, for "3d" read 1st." Page 139, 3d line, for "hedge" read "sedge." Page 151, 16th line, for "34th" read "38th." Page 153, 14th line, "he" is omitted. Page 188, 33d line, "and" is omitted. Page 189, 25th line, for "Simonson's" read "Sammis's." Page 209, 2nd line, "and" is omitted. Page 224, 21st line, "all" should be omitted. N. B. 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