., ■■■::-. s-:r* ?m^ ■'&<:& K. . ■a^^u^i^i . .; ■■•V Class LIb_QQJ Book Author Title Imprint i^o 19—7404 ADDRESS Jane Lathrop Stanford —TO- THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES -OF- THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY OCTOBER 3 rd » l 9° 2 - ADDRESS Jane Lathrop Stanford — TO- THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES — OF- THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY 151 190 o\ I 1%% O To the Board of Trustees of The Leland Stanford Junior University: Gentlemen: The time has arrived when I should take steps to put in the form of an address to you certain additions to and changes in my directions heretofore made, which I deem necessary respecting the management of the University and its properties. These changes while I live and have charge can be attended to and not be questioned; but when the management of the institution devolves upon you, I do not wish any doubts to arise as to my intentions, and hence take this occasion to make my views clear. The Trustees being organized as a Board, with the assent of the Surviving Founder, and under and in accordance with the State Constitution and special act of the Legislature, all directions heretofore made by me as to the appointment, powers, and duties of its officers and of an executive and finance committee are withdrawn, and in lieu thereof the Board is directed to adopt by-laws providing for its officers and necessary committees and specifying their powers and duties. The directions heretofore made requiring the Board of Trustees to maintain the stables upon the Palo Alto Farm and to maintain the vineyard at Vina, are withdrawn. As long as the vineyard at Vina produces a reasonable income, I recommend its maintenance. I have erected the Church, Assembly Hall and Chemical Laboratory referred to in my former directions. I therefore withdraw all directions concerning their location or erection. No rule or direction heretofore made shall prevent the application of the endowment funds of the University towards the improvement of any real estate now or hereafter held in trust for the University. All property, real and personal, held in trust for the main- tenance of the Leland Stanford Junior University, except the Palo Alto Farm and my San Francisco Residence, may be sold and conveyed and the proceeds thereof invested for the benefit of the University. The concurrence of a majority (eight) of the Board of Trustees shall be necessary and sufficient for the sale of prop- erty, for the investment of funds, or for the transaction of any other business, irrespective of whether or not they, or any of them, shall be officers of said board or members of any committee thereof. The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University, as such, or in the name of the institution, or by other intelligible designation of the trustees or of the institu- tion may receive property, real or personal, and wherever situated, by gift, grant, devise, or bequest, for the benefit of the institution, or of any department thereof, and such prop- erty, unless otherwise provided, shall be held by the Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University upon the trusts provided for in the grant founding the University, and amend- ments thereof, and grants, bequests, and devises supplement- ary thereto, within the meaning of Article IX, Section 10, of the Constitution of the State of California. Any directions heretofore made by me inconsistent with any of the provisions of Subdivisions 9, 10 and 11 of Article IV of the Founding Grant are withdrawn. The Board of Trustees should adopt such a plan for the nomination and appointment of professors and teachers, and the determina- tion of their salaries, as experience of this and similar institutions may prove to be desirable. During my adminis- tration the President of the University shall continue to have the exclusive control over the appointment and dismissal of professors and teachers, as he has had heretofore. The Board of Trustees should always avail itself of the knowledge and experience of the President of the University, who, by reason of the high and disinterested position which he holds, will be found to be a safe counsellor in all matters of University administration and in all differences and con- flicting claims within and between departments. No direction heretofore made by me shall prevent the continuance of regular or special University instruction in any and all of the University departments throughout the summer months, provided the same is authorized by the Board of Trustees and under the exclusive control of the University authorities. In so far as necessary, or the nature of the case requires, instruction and investigation, together with suitable facilities therefor, may be maintained elsewhere than upon the Palo Alto Farm. * No direction or request heretofore made by me shall prohibit the maintenance of such elementary and other schools upon the Palo Alto Farm as may be found necessary to experimental instruction in the department of Education of the University. The Board of Trustees shall determine whether or not any charge for tuition, or registration fee, shall be levied in any department of the University, and the amount of such charge or fee; and it may exempt residents of California from the payment of any such charge or fee. The Board of Trustees shall determine the conditions of admission to the Museum, including the charge therefor, if any; but I believe it to be desirable that an admission fee should always be charged to the public. By experience I have learned it to be a partial protection to the valuable articles within its walls. My Palo Alto Residence may be used as a residence for the President of the University, or for such other purposes as the Board of Trustees may determine, after my wishes are carried out as to removing certain articles from therein, to be placed in the Museum, which are mentioned in my last will and testament, or in an address heretofore made by me to the Trustees. The articles not mentioned are to remain in the home. Boarding and lodging houses may be erected and main- tained by private parties and corporations upon the Palo Alto Farm, only under express authorization of the Board of Trustees, and under its supervision and control. The same and all other buildings upon the Palo Alto Farm shall be subject to the rules of discipline of the University, and sub- ject to the orders and control of the Board of Trustees. No additional interments shall be made or permitted in the cemetery adjacent to the Mausoleum, and the requirement that a cemetery be maintained upon the Palo Alto Farm is hereby withdrawn. It shall be the duty of the Board of Trustees to make general laws providing for the government of the University, and to provide for just and equitable rules of discipline. Inasmuch as it was the paramount purpose of the Found- ers of the Leland Stanford Junior University to promote the public welfare by founding, endowing and having maintained a University with the colleges, schools, seminaries of learning, mechanical institutes, museums, galleries of art, and all other things necessary and appropriate to a University of high degree, all other directions or reservations in the Founding Grant and all amendments or attempted amendments thereof by the Founders, or by the Survivor of them, shall be deemed incidental and subordinate to that paramount purpose, and the invalidity of any direction, or attempted amendment, or of anything herein contained, shall not affect the validity of any conveyances heretofore or hereafter made to the Uni- versity, or to the Trustees thereof, or of the directions herein or heretofore made, as far as such directions are otherwise valid; and if any such directions or attempted amendments are found not to be legal or binding, they may, notwithstand- ing, be regarded as advisory or permissive so far as they shall be capable of execution. In my former directions I have placed a minimum upon the cost of buildings to be erected upon the Palo Alto Farm. Should times and conditions so change in the future that the Board of Trustees, in their best judgment, should find that such minimum cost no longer bears the same proportion to the then condition of affairs that it does now, then they are allowed from time to time to change the amount named by. me as such minimum cost; but in that case no building shall be built by a lessee except under plans first approved by such Board of Trustees. Contracts have been made for a new and large gymnasium with a view to improving the physical condition of the stu- dents attending the University, and the college authorities should urge them to fully avail themselves of its advantages and to lead a hygienic life. In my judgment it is the duty of the University authorities to send out into the world stu- dents with good physical health as well as with good mental attainments, in order that they may successfully fight the battle of life. Pursuant to the policy of the Founders as outlined in the Founding Grant of encouraging advanced instruction and original research, it has been determined that a more commodious library should be built, capable of affording suit- able facilities and accommodations for the increasing number 8 of post graduate students, as well as those receiving under- graduate instruction. The inadequacy of the other collec- tions of books in this vicinity renders an unusually large University library necessary, and the present library building can be well used for a law library and other necessary pur- poses. The site of such library has been selected and the plans of the interior have been approved, and its erection will probably be commenced within the coming year. The University must be forever maintained upon a strictly non-partisan and non-sectarian basis. It must never become an instrument in the hands of any political party or any religious sect or organization. I believe that the moral and religious development of the University will be better accomplished if entirely free from all denominational alliances, however slight the bond may be. The services in the Mem- orial Church must be simple and informal in character, and the theological questions, services and observances, upon which the sects differ, should not be entered upon, so that members of every church may worship and receive instruction therein not inconsistent with their individual beliefs. Pro- vision has been made whereby all those who love Our Lord Jesus Christ may partake of the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper at stated intervals in the Memorial Church. Attend- ance at religious services shall be entirely optional, and no profession of religious faith or belief shall be exacted of any one for any purpose. I desire that the University shall be forever kept out of politics, and that no professor shall electioneer among or seek to dominate other professors or the students for the success of any political party or candidate in any political contest. I hope that every voter, whether professor or stu- dent, will always thoroughly inform himself upon every prin- ciple involved, and as to the merits of every candidate seeking his suffrage, and then vote according to 'his own best judg- ment and conscience, irrespective of any importunity of others. And in order to freely do this he should noj: be subjected to any importunity, since it is possible that cases might arise where a mere suggestion might be understood to be a covert demand. It has been the history of Universities that their professors rarely take the public rostrum in political campaigns. The very infrequency of their having done so would seem to prove that there is some sound reason why they should not. The reason, I think, is not far to find. When a professor speaks to a public audience, the audience is gathered together, to some extent at least, because he is a professor of a university. Whether they should do so or not, his hearers consider that he appears as a representative of the university of which he is a professor, and therefore voices its views and sentiments. It is impossible for some members of his audience, and prob- ably impossible for most of them, to entirely disassociate the man from his position. If they go to hear him because he is a professor, they must almost necessarily assume that the views and sentiments which he expresses have a general foot- hold in his university; whereas such assumption may be very far from the actual fact of the case, and the public may thereby be greatly deceived. So far as he may represent himself only : so far as it is the man and not the professor that speaks to public audiences, he should have the fullest possible liberty of speech, for he but represents himself and is accountable only to himself: but when the circumstances are such that he must know that he is being deemed by his hearers, or any of them, to be speaking for his university and voicing its views, then, unless he knows that he is indeed truly and correctly voicing those views, unless he knows that he is not deceiving his hearers in that regard, or even if he thinks he is correctly stating the views of his university, yet as he has not and could not have any authority to speak for it, he should keep silent. IO If the professors of this university believe the above to be the true reason why professors of other universities have nearly altogether abstained from entering upon the public rostrum in the discussion of political and other questions upon which public feeling runs high and upon which the public is itself divided, then I indulge in the hope that they will follow their example. The University was not made independent of State con- trol because of any purpose of the founders inconsistent with its character as a State Institution, but because they believed that its purposes could be better and more surely accom- plished through a Board of Trustees free from possible polit- ical or partisan influence, and independent of all external control save that of Courts of Equity. Notwithstanding their creation of the University as an independent institution, it was the wish and purpose of the Founders that it should be kept, as far as practicable, in harmony with the public educational system, and that, in the matter of entrance requirements as well as in every other relation of the Uni- versity with the general public, the University authorities should take into consideration the welfare of those who do not attend the University as well as those who do, and adopt the policy which, in their judgment, is in accord with the spirit of the foundation, as above defined. Without neces- sarily lowering the standard of regular admission to the Uni- versity, concessions may be made in admission upon partial or special standing, or otherwise, in favor of students coming from high schools which cannot afford to maintain a separate course of study for the benefit of the small minority of high school students who go to universities, but offer a reasonable number of practical studies for the preparation of their stu- dents for an immediate entry into the active walks of life. So long as the public maintains an efficient high school sys- tem, the education given by the University to a student II should commence where that given to him by the high school ends; and there should be no gap in his necessary education between where the high school ends and the Uni- versity begins and which omitted part of his education could only be supplied by private schools — the latter not being generally accessible to the students of limited means. ' The University authorities are, however, the sole judges of the qualifications of applicants for admission to any department of the institution. The University has been endowed with a view of offering instruction free, or nearly free, that it may resist the tendency to the stratification of society, by keeping open an avenue whereby the deserving and exceptional may rise through their own efforts from the lowest to the highest stations in life. A spirit of equality must accordingly be maintained within the University. To this end it shall be the duty of the University authorities to prohibit excessive expenditures and other excesses on the part of students, and the formation or growth of any organization, custom or social function that tends to the development of exclusive or undemocratic castes within the University, and to exclude from the institution any one whose conduct is inconsistent with the spirit of the foundation. While its chief object is the instruction of students with a view to producing leaders and educators in every field of science and industry, the University was also designed " to advance learning, the arts and sciences;" and to this end the institution should assist, by experimentation and research, in the advancement of useful knowledge and in the dissemina- tion and practical application of the same. The Founding Grant provides that the Trustees shall establish and maintain at the University an educational sys- 12 tern which will, if followed, fit the graduate for some useful pursuit, and to this end, cause the pupils, as early as may be, to declare the particular calling which they may desire to pursue. The purpose of this requirement is not only to assure the practical character of the instruction, and to prevent such instruction as will not tend directly " to qualify students for personal success and direct usefulness in life," but to protect the University from the cost of instructing and from the bane- ful influence of a class, bound to infest the institution as the country grows older, who wish to acquire a University degree or fashionable educational veneer for the mere ornamentation of idle and purposeless lives. The moving spirit of the Founders in the foundation and endowment of the Leland Stanford Junior University was love of humanity and a desire to render the greatest possible service to mankind. The University was accordingly de- signed for the betterment of mankind morally, spiritually, intellectually, physically and materially. The public at large, and not alone the comparatively few students who can attend the University, are the chief and ultimate beneficiaries of the foundation. While the instruction offered must be such as will qualify the students for personal success and direct use- fulness in life, they should understand that it is offered in the hope and trust that they will become thereby of greater service to the public. As stated in the letter to the Trustees, accompanying the Founding Grant, " The object is not alone to give the Student a technical education, fitting him for a successful business life, but it is also to instill into his mind an appreciation of the blessings of this Government, a reverence for its institutions, and a love of God and humanity, to the end that he may go forth and by precept and example spread the great truths by 13 the light of which his fellow men will be elevated and taught how to obtain happiness in this world, and in the life eternal." San Francisco, California, October 3d, 1902. r JANE LATHROP STANFORD, Surviving Founder of The Leland Stanford Junior University. State of California, > Si City and County of San Francisco. On this 3rd day of October, in the year one thousand nine hundred and two, before me, FRANK L. OWEN, a Notary Public in and for the said City and County, residing therein, duly commissioned and sworn, personally appeared JANE LATHROP STANFORD, known to me to be the person whose name is subscribed to the within instrument, and acknowledged to me that she executed the same. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my official seal, in the City and County of San Francisco, the day and year in this certificate first above written. FRANK L. OWEN, Notary Public in and for the City and County of San Francisco, State of California. [Notarial Seal.] LIBRARY OF CONGRESS III 029 927 129 8