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 PRESENTED BY 
 
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 in 2010 with funding from 
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 Huntingdon Old Home Week 
 
 September 5-11, 1909 
 
 Price 25 Cents 
 
PRESS OF 
 
 THE MONITOR COMPANY 
 
 HUNTINGDON. PA. 
 
7/6 
 
SELINA HASTINGS, COUNTESS OF HUNTINGDON. 
 
 BORN AUG. 24th, 1 7 7 - - M ARR I ED JUNE 3rd. 1728--DIED JUNE 17TH, 1791. 
 
 DONINGTON PARK, LEICESTERSHIRE, ENGLAND. 
 
 IN WHOSE HONOR BOTH BOROUGH AND COUNTY ARE NAMED. 
 
 BENEFACTRESS OF THE REV. WILLIAM SMITH, D. D. 
 
Souvenir Edition 
 
 Historic Huntingdon 
 
 Being a brief account of the history 
 of Huntingdon from its earliest settlements 
 to the present day, comprising many his- 
 torical facts, now published for the first 
 time, regarding its formation, divisions and 
 government, together with its military, 
 educational and industrial progress. 
 
 September 5-11, 1909 
 
 Published by 
 
 ~The Historical Committee 
 
 of the 
 
 Old Home Week Association 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
Historical Committee 
 
 of the 
 
 Old Home Week Association 
 
 Huntingdon, Penna. 
 
 James H. Nale, Chairman 
 
 Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh 
 
 Cap. John Brewster 
 
 Murray Africa, C. E. 
 Robert A. Orbison, Esq. 
 
 Prof. J. H. Brumbaugh 
 
 William H. Trude, Esq. 
 W. A. Maguire 
 
 George W. Garrettson 
 
 The Historical Committee desires 
 to express its thanks to J. Murray Afri- 
 ca, and R. A. Orbison who have con- 
 tributed to the subject matter of this book- 
 let, and to the J. C. Blair Company and 
 E. E. C. Gibbs for illustrations furnished. 
 
 ^i.lW. ft^vujvJlj-c^cJL^b 
 
<i '. 
 
 
 
 Officers and Chairmen 
 
 of th« 
 
 Huntingdon Old Home Week Association 
 
 Honorary President, 
 Hon. George B. Orlady. 
 
 Honorary Vice Presidents, 
 
 Hon. T. B. Patton. Hon. P. M. Lytle, E. S. McMurtrie, Esq. 
 
 J. R. Simpson, Esq., J. C. Hazlett. 
 
 President — Gilbert Greenberg. 
 
 Vice Presidents— William Reed, Howard E. Butz, C. H. Miller, 
 
 George W. Trout, O. M. Brumbaugh. 
 
 General Secretary — R. A. Orbison, Esq. 
 
 Recording Secretary — J. I. Johnson. 
 
 Corresponding Secretary — F. Blair Isenberg. 
 
 Financial. Secretary — E. E. C. Gibbs. 
 
 Treasurer — Oscar H. Irwin. 
 
 E. M. C. Aftica. 
 
 B. F. Isenberg. 
 L. R. Leister. 
 John G. Simpson, 
 J. C. Hazlett. 
 
 R. J. Mattern. 
 John B. Kunz. 
 H. Dill Strickler. 
 
 C, H. Glazier. 
 
 Executive Committee 
 Wm. R. Wilson. 
 Harry W. Koch. 
 Arthur W. Reed. 
 John Langdon. 
 D. M. Stewart. 
 Harry Brown. 
 T. Frank Bayer. 
 G. W. Fisher. 
 Kimber Cleaver. 
 
 Prof. I. H. Brumbaugh. 
 
 Joseph H. Lang. 
 
 Harry E. Steel. 
 
 H. D. Reiners. 
 
 Hugo Mayer. 
 
 W. F. Hill. 
 
 P. H. Bergen. 
 
 John A. Port. 
 
 Rev. J. A. Souser. 
 
 George D. Bert. 
 
 F. Blair Isenberg 
 
Committee Chairmen 
 
 Finance — B. F. tsenberg. 
 
 Transportation — [. W. Kauffman. 
 
 Parade — William Reed. 
 
 Military — Col. John S. Hare. 
 
 Medals and Souvenirs — Geo. VV. Fisher. 
 Decorations — Charles L. Reed 
 
 Fireworks — James E. Sponeybarger. 
 
 Ministerial — Rev. H. N. Follmer. 
 
 Program — Hon. T. B. Patton. 
 
 Historical — James H. Nale. 
 
 Editorial — Howard E. Butz. 
 
 Publicity— E. E. C. Gibbs. 
 
 Press — J. Kennard Johnson. 
 
 Educational — Prof. E. R. Barclay. 
 
 Penna. Industrial Reformatory — C. W. Colony. 
 Oratory — R. W. Williamson, Esq. 
 
 Relics — Robt. A. Orbison, Esq. 
 
 Sports and Grounds — Jos. H. Lang. 
 
 Hotel and Visitors — H. S. Smith. 
 
 Law and Order — Hon. P. M. Lytle. 
 Invitations — J. B. Boring. 
 
 Medical — Dr. H. C. Frontz. 
 
 Medical Auxiliary — Miss Lena L. Myers. 
 Advisory — J. R. Patton. 
 
 Music — E. E. Enyeart. 
 
 Floral Parade— S. A. Hamilton, 
 
 Floral Parade Auxiliary — Mrs. T. B. Patton 
 
 Choral — Dr. W. H. Sears. 
 
 Reception— H. Dill Strickler. 
 
 Automobile — Carl M. Gage. 
 Granga— W. F. Hill. 
 
 Firemen— John A. Port. 
 
 Pony Cavalcade — J. Fred Gage. 
 
OIMOJUTTA— JUNIATA— ACHSIN NIC. 
 STANDING STONE 
 
 ERECTED SEPTEMBER 8TH, 1896, 
 
 AS A MEMORIAL OF THE 
 
 ANCIENT STANDING STONE 
 
 REMOVED BY THE INDIANS IN 1754. 
 
 (copy of inscription) 
 
The Charter to William Perm for the Province of 
 Pennsylvania— Formation of the Three Origi- 
 nal Counties, 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 ILLIAM PENN in 1674 became one of three trus- 
 tees chosen to manage the affairs of West Jersey. 
 In the execution of this trust he had good oppor- 
 tunity to become acquainted with the valuable 
 tract of land lying on the opposite side of the river. 
 At the death of his father, Admiral William Perm, 
 it was found that the British government was indebted to 
 him for money loaned and services rendered about sixteen 
 thousand (£16,000) pounds. Instead of money, William 
 Penn suggested that he would prefer a grant of land on the 
 western side of the Delaware north of Maryland. A formal 
 petition was presented to Chas. II. in June, 1680, and after 
 many conferences with adjacent proprietors, on the 4th 
 day of March, 1681, the king granted a charter. The 
 boundaries were described, but serious differences occurred 
 and many years passed before they were settled and defined. 
 Penn, his heirs, and assigns, were made and ordained true 
 and absolute propietaries of all the lands within the bounds 
 described in the charter, and upon him and his heirs, their 
 deputies and lieutenants was conferred the executive auth- 
 ority of the province. William Markham was commissioned 
 Deputy Governor, and sent over from England clothed with 
 full authority to inaugurate the new government, and . in 
 the fall of the year at Upland, now Chester, he took charge 
 of the executive affairs. In October, 1682, Penn arrived in 
 the "Welcome," and soon thereaftsr the lands of the province 
 
were divided into three counties, to wit: Chester, Philadel- 
 phia, and Bucks. The precise date of the erection of these 
 counties does not appear, but it must have been before the 
 18th day of November, 1682, as on that day the propietary 
 issued his writs to the sheriffs of the respective counties, re- 
 quiring them "to summon all freeholders to meet on the 
 20th instant, and elect out of themselves seven persons of 
 most note for wisdom, sobriety, and integrity, to serve as 
 their deputies and representatives in General Assembly, 
 to be held at Upland, in Pennsylvania, December 6th 
 (4th?) next." 
 
 Eredion of Lancaster, Cumberland, and Bedford Counties — 
 Purchases of the Indian Title — Erection of Townships, 
 and Election Dislrids - Local Officers. 
 
 LANCASTER, the fourth county of the province, was 
 erected from Chester by an act of the General Assembly 
 passed the 10th day of May, 1729, and embraced all the land 
 of the province to the northward of Octorara Creek, and to 
 the westward of a line of marked trees running from the 
 north branch of said creek to the river Schuylkill. The 
 sixth county, Cumberland, was erected by the act of the 
 27th day of January, 1750, and took from Lancaster all the 
 lands lying within the province to the westward of Susque- 
 hanna and northward and westward of the county of York. 
 
 The propietaries, having due regard to the rights of the 
 Indians, would not permit any occupation of lands, either 
 by settlement or grant from the land office, until after the 
 Indian title had become vested in them. At the time of 
 the organization of Cumberland County the natives were 
 yet in possession of all the territory northwest of the Kitt- 
 atinny Mountain (the northern barrier of the Cumberland 
 Valley) and the Susquehanna River. At a treaty held by 
 order of the king at Albany in the summer of 1754, negotia- 
 tions for the purchase of the Indian title resulted in the ex- 
 ecution, on the 6th day of July in that year, of a deed from 
 the chiefs of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, 
 
Seneca, and Tuscarora nations, constituting the confederacy 
 known as the Six Nations, conveying, for the consideration 
 of four hundred (£400) pounds lawful money of New York 
 to Thomas and Richard Penn, "all the lands lying within 
 the said province of Pennsylvania, bounded and limited as 
 follows, namely: Beginning at the Kittochtinny or Blue Hills, 
 on the west branch of the Susquehanna River, and thence 
 by the said, a mile above the mouth of a certain creek called 
 Kayarondinhagh; thence northwest and by west as far as 
 the said province of Pennsylvania extends to its western 
 lines or boundaries; thence along the said western line to 
 the south line or boundary to the south side of the said 
 Kittochtinny hills; thence by the south side of said hills 
 to the place of beginning." 
 
 Although a few warrants were issued during the year 
 1755 for lands in the upper part of th* valley of the Juniata, 
 and some surveys and improvements were made, there does 
 not seem to have been any division of this territory into 
 townships for some years thereafter. At July sessions in 
 1767 the Cumberland County court fixed the boundaries of 
 Derry township as fellows: "Beginning at the middle of the 
 Long narrows; thence up the north side of the Juniata as far 
 as Jack's Narrows; thence to include the valley of Kisha- 
 cokulus and Jack's Creek." These boundaries included a 
 part of the present township of Brady. 
 
 At October sessions of the same year 1767, five addition- 
 al townships were erected, and were named and bounded as 
 follows: 
 
 DUBLIN — "Bounded by Air and Fannet townships 
 on the one side, and Coleraine and Barre townships on the 
 top of Sideling Hill on the other side." 
 
 COLERAINE— "Bounded by Dublin township, as 
 above, by the provincial line, and the top of Dunning' s 
 Mountain (so as to join Cumberland and Bedford townships) 
 to the gap of Morrison's Cove, from thence to the mouth of 
 Yellow Creek (joining Barre township) to strike Sideling Hill." 
 
 CUMBERLAND— "Bounded by Coleraine township 
 (as above), the provincial line to the Allegeney Mountain, 
 
8 
 
 and along the top of the Allegeney Mountain to the top of 
 the ridge that divides the waters of Wills Creek; 
 from thence of Juniata to strike Dunning's Mountain 
 through Lun's gap." 
 
 BEDFORD— "Bounded by the above mentioned 
 east line and Dunning's Mountain to the gap of Morrison's 
 Cove, and from thence to the top of Tussey's Mountain 
 (joining Barre township) so as to include Morrison's Cove, 
 and from the end of Morrison's Cove cross by Frankstown 
 to the Allegheny." 
 
 BARRE— "Bounded by Dublin, Coleraine and Bed- 
 ford townships, as already mentioned, and along the Alle- 
 gheny until a line struck from thence to Jack's Mountain 
 so as to include the waters of Little Juniata and Shaver's 
 and Standing Stone Creeks." 
 
 These townships of Derry, Dublin, Coleraine, Cumber- 
 land, Bedford, and Barre included all the area of Bedford, 
 Blair, and Huntingdon, a large part of Fulton and Mif- 
 flin, and a part of Centre counties. It is probable that as 
 the eastern limits of Dublin were not clearly defined a part 
 of what is now Tell township, Huntingdon county, may 
 have been included in the previously erected township 
 of Lack. 
 
 ARMAGH township was created at January sessions, 
 1770, from a part of Derry, and included all the territory 
 of that township northwest of Jack's Mountain. 
 
 The officers of these townships were as follows: 
 1767.— John Ramsey (Dublin), William Parker (Coleraine), 
 Thomas Coulter (Cumberland), John Cochran 
 (Bedford), John Forsee (Barre), constables. 
 1768. — Charles Boyle (Dublin), Samuel Anderson (Barre), 
 constables; John Brady, Jacob Hair (Barre), 
 supervisors; George Jackson, Zebulqn Moor (Barre), 
 overseers of poor. 
 1769.— Robert Ramsey (Dublin), Samuel Anderson (Barre), 
 constables ; Zebulon Moor, Robert Cald well (Barre) , 
 supervisors; Benjamin Elliot, Charles Boyle (Dub- 
 lin), overseers of poor; James Little, Charles Cald- 
 well (Barre) , viewers of fences. 
 
1770.— James Watson (Dublin), John Wilson (Barre), 
 William Brown (Armagh), constables; Samuel 
 Thompson, Daniel Egoe (Barre), James Moor 
 (Armagh), supervisors; Zebulon Moore, Robert 
 Caldwell (Barre), James Reed (Armagh), over- 
 seers of poor; James Little, Charles Caldwell 
 (Barre) , viewers of fences. 
 1771.— William Shirley (Barre), James Foley (Dublin), 
 constables; Samuel Thompson, Daniel Ego. 
 (Barre), supervisors; Zebulon Moor, Robert Cald- 
 well (Barre), Charles Boyle, Benjamin Elliot 
 (Dublin) , overseers of poor. 
 The Indians after fully realizing the immense stretch 
 of country covered by the bounds set in the treaty of 1754, 
 expressed disappointment and dissatisfaction. They said 
 they did not understand the points of the compass and 
 were thereby deceived. Some of them became allies of the 
 French and commenced a series of depredations upon the 
 frontier settlers. 
 
 An accommodation of the differences between the 
 proprietary government and the Indians was effected at 
 a conference held at Easton, where on the 23rd day of 
 October, 1758, a deed was executed limiting the boundaries 
 of the purchase as follows: "Beginning at the Kittoch- 
 tinny or Blue Hills, on the west bank of the Susquehanna 
 River, and running thence up the said river, and binding 
 therewith, to a mile above the mouth of a creek called 
 Kaarondinhah (or John Penn's Creek); thence northwest 
 and by west to a creek called Buffaloe's Creek; thence west 
 to the east side of the Allegheny or Appalachian Hills; 
 thence alcng the east side of the said hills, binding there- 
 with, to the south line or boundary of the said province; 
 thence by the said south line or boundary to the south side 
 of the Kittatinny Hill; thence by the south side of the 
 same hill to- the place of beginning." This deed confirmed 
 the title of the propietaries to all the lands within the bound- 
 aries above mentioned, including the present counties of 
 Bedford, Fulton, Blair, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Juniata and 
 Perry, and parts of Snyder, Union and Centre, and released 
 
10 
 
 to the Six Nations the residue embraced in the deed of 
 1754. 
 
 By an act passed on the 9th day of March, 1771, Bed- 
 ford county was erected from Cumberland, and its bound- 
 aries fixed as follows: "Beginning where the province line 
 crosses the Tuscarora Mountain, and running along the 
 summit of that mountain to the gap near the head of Path 
 Valley; thence with a north line to the Juniata; thence with 
 the Juniata to Shaver's Creek; thence northeast to the 
 line of Berks County; thence along the Berks County line 
 northwestward to the western bounds of the province; 
 thence southward, according to the several courses of the 
 western boundary of the province, to the southwest corner 
 of the province; and from thence eastward with the south- 
 ern line of the province to the place of beginning." This 
 act authorized the Governor to commission a competent 
 number of justices, who, or any three of whom, were em- 
 powered to hold courts in the months of January, April, 
 July and October in every year. With remarkable prompti- 
 tude a Court of Quarter Sessions was opened at Bedford 
 on the 16th day of April, 1771, by William Proctor, Robert 
 Hanna, William Lockery, Robert Cluggage, George Wilson, 
 and William McConnell. The court then proceeded to 
 divide the county into townships. AIR, COLERAINE, and 
 DUBLIN were to remain as fixed by the Cumberland court. 
 The lines of BEDFORD and CUMBERLAND were ex- 
 tended from the foot to the top of Allegheny Mountain. 
 BARRE to be cut off by Little Juniata and Tussey's 
 Mountain. Brother's Valley, Fairfield, Mount Pleasant, 
 Hemp Field, Pitt, Tyrone, Spring Hill, Ross Straver, Arm- 
 strong, and Tullileague follow, but as these townships em- 
 brace territory outside of the limits of Huntingdon and 
 Blair they do not concern us now. 
 
 At July sessions, 1773, "that part of Barre township 
 including all the waters that empty into the Raystown 
 Branch of Juniata below the mouth of Yellow Creek and up 
 said creek to Tussey's mountain is hereby erected into a 
 township by the name of Hopewell township/'' 
 
11 
 
 It will be noticed that the act creating Bedford 
 county excluded from the boundaries therein described 
 that portion of Huntingdon County lying northeast of 
 the Juniata below the mouth of Shaver's Creek and ac- 
 cording to the letter of the law that territory re- 
 mained in Cumberland County. The act of March 21, 
 1772, forming Northumberland, took from Bedford the 
 territory lying west of Tussey's Mountain and northeast 
 of the main branch of the Little Juniata to the head 
 thereof. Another act passed the same day for the pur- 
 pose of explaining and better ascertaining the boundary 
 lines of the county of Bedford, after reciting the boundaries 
 described in the act of the 9th day of March, 1771, and 
 that as "the Tuscarora Mountain does not extend to the 
 province line and the southern boundaries aforesaid are not 
 properly described, the lines of the county of Bedford can- 
 not be known and run by the trustees appointed for that 
 purpose, provided that the lines following, to wit: " Be- 
 ginning where the province line crosses the North or Blue 
 Mountain, that runs between the Great and Little Coves 
 and that part of Cumberland County called Connegocheague, 
 and thence along the summit of the said mountain to the 
 beginning of the Tuscarora Mountain, and running along 
 the summit of the said Tuscarora Mountain to the gap 
 near the head of the Path valley, from thence a north line 
 to the Juniata River; thence up the Juniata to the mountain 
 that divides the Kishicocolus Valley from the Standing 
 Stone Valley, and along the summit of that mountain to the 
 head of the Standing Stone Creek; from thence northeast 
 to the line of Berks County; thence by Berks County line 
 to the western bounds of the province; thence southward, 
 according to the several courses of the western boundary 
 of the province, to the south west corner thereof; and from 
 thence with the other boundaries of the province to the place 
 of beginning; shall be, and are hereby declared to be, the 
 boundary lines of the said County of Bedford." 
 
 By act of the 26th day of February, 1773, all the terri- 
 tory of Bedford lying west of the Laurel Hill and of the 
 
12 
 
 ridge dividing the waters of the Allegheny and Susque- 
 hanna to the head of the latter stream, and south of a line 
 to be run thence due west to the limits of the province, 
 was erected into a new county called Westmoreland. 
 
 The geography of the valley of the Juniata was not well 
 understood by the framers of the acts of Assembly above 
 recited, and the indefinite and inconsistent descriptions of 
 boundary lines were producing uncertainty and conflict 
 of authority. On the 30th day of September, 1779, an act 
 was passed reciting that, — 
 
 "Whereas the act of General Assembly of the province 
 of Pennsylvania entitled an act for explaining and better 
 ascertaining the boundary lines of the county of Bedford, 
 passed the twenty-first day of March, one thousand seven 
 hundred and seventy-two, and the act passed the same 
 day entitled an act for erecting a part of the counties of 
 Lancaster, Cumberland, Berks, Northampton, and Bedford 
 into a separate county, are contradictory to each other, 
 and assign different and inconsistent boundaries to the said 
 county of Bedford and the county of Northumberland ; 
 and part of the boundary of the said county of Northum- 
 berland is, by reason of the Little Juniata j near the head 
 thereof, impassable; and that strip of land on the north- 
 east side of Juniata, between JackV Narrows and Stand- 
 ing Stone Mountain, being separated by large mountains 
 from the rest of Cumberland County, makes it inconvenient 
 for the people residing on the said northeast side of Juniata 
 at the place aforesaid ; that the same should continue in the 
 said county of Cumberland : For remedy whereof, — 
 
 " Be it enacted, etc., That the lines following, viz : Be- 
 ginning where the line (dividing Pennsylvania and Mary- 
 land) crosses the North or Blue Mountain that runs between 
 Great and Little Coves and that part )f Cumberland County 
 called Conecocheague, and thence along the summit of the 
 said mountain to the beginning of the Tuscarora Mountain 
 and running along the summit of the said Tuscarora Moun- 
 tain to the gap near the head of Path Valley; from thence 
 a north line to the Juniata River; then up the Juniata to 
 
13 
 
 Jack's Narrows; thence along the summit of the ridges 
 and mountains which divide the waters falling into the said 
 northeast side of the said Juniata above Jack's Narrows 
 aforesaid, from the waters which fall into the said river be- 
 low the said Narrows to Tussey's Mountain at the head of 
 Standing Stone Creek; thence along the summit of Tussey's 
 mountain to the ridge dividing the waters falling into Bald 
 Eagle Creek from the waters of Little Juniata ; thence along 
 the said last mentioned ridge to the Chestnut Ridge; thence 
 along the Chestnut Ridge to the head of the southwest 
 branch of Bald Eagle Creek; from thence a straight line to 
 the head of Moshannon Creek; thence down Moshannon 
 Creek to the west branch of Susquehana; thence up said 
 west branch to the purchase line run from Kittanning to 
 the said West Branch, to the line of Westmoreland Coun- 
 ty; thence along the southeast boundary of the said county 
 of Westmoreland, as the same is described in the act erect- 
 ing the said conuty of Westmoreland, to the line dividing 
 Pennsylvania from Maryland aforesaid; and thence along 
 the said line last mentioned to the place of beginning." 
 This act annexed that part of Kishacoquillas Valley 
 now in Brady township, Huntingdon County, to Bedford 
 County. In 1773, two years after the erection of Bedford 
 County, the lands along the river from Jack's Narrows to 
 the mouth of Mill Creek, and those then taken up in the 
 west end of Kishacoquillas Valley, were taxed in the as- 
 sessment of Barre township, Cumberland County, and it is 
 fair to presume that this ; district remained under the 
 jurisdiction of that county until after the passage of the 
 act of the 30th of September, 1779. 1 
 
 •v FRANKSTOWN township was created at April ses- 
 sions, 1775, from parts of Bedford and Barre, and the 
 boundaries fixed as follows ::■ " Along the line dividing Bed- 
 ford and Northumberland Counties from the West Branch 
 of the Susquehanna to where Little Juniata runs through 
 Tussey's Mountain; then along the said mountain to the 
 ridge dividing Morrison's Cove from Croyle's Cove; then 
 along the said ridge to Dunning's Mountain; then along 
 
14 
 
 Dunning's Mountain to the dividing ridge between the 
 waters of Dunning's Creek and the southwest branch of 
 the Frankstown Branch: then along the said ridge to the 
 Allegheny Mountain; then cross the same and by the line 
 of Quemahoning township to the line dividing Bedford and 
 Westmoreland Counties, and by the said line and along the 
 limits of this county to the place of beginning." 
 
 This township included the whole of Blair County and 
 the present townships of Morris, Franklin and Warriors 
 Mark, of Huntingdon county. 
 
 HUNTINGDON township was formed from a part of 
 Barre. The records of the court do not contain any account 
 of its erection. At April sessions, 1780, a return of the 
 township officers was made, from which it may be inferred 
 that the township was formed about 1779. Its territory 
 is now divided into Brady, Walker, Porter and parts of 
 Juniata, Logan, Henderson and Oneida. It also included 
 the present site of the Borough of Huntingdon. The rec- 
 ords also fail to give an account of the erection of SHIR- 
 LEY township, which was formed from Dublin about the 
 date last mentioned. The earliest assessment was made 
 in 1780, and of Huntingdon in 1781. 
 
 TYRONE township was erected from Frankstown, but 
 neither the date nor boundaries appear among the records 
 of the Bedford court. In the proceedings at April sessions, 
 1787, the name occurs for the first time. 
 
 Elections and Election Districts. 
 
 A law enacted June 14 th, 1777, fixed the second Tues- 
 day of October as the day for holding the annual general 
 election. Bedford County was divided into four districts 
 and the places named at which the elections should be held, 
 as follows: "The freemen of the townships of Bedford, 
 Coleraine and Cumberland Valley, being the First District, 
 shall hold their elections at the court house of the said town 
 of Bedford; the freemen of the townships of Bethel, Air, 
 and Dublin, being the Second District, at the house of 
 
15 
 
 John Burd at Fort Littleton; the freemen of the town- 
 ships of Barre, Hopewell and Frankstown, being the Third 
 District, at the place called the Standing Stone; and the 
 freemen of the townships of Brother's Valley, Turkey Foot 
 and Quesmahoning, being the Fourth District, at the house 
 of John Kemberline, near the junction of said three 
 townships." Each voter was required to produce a cer- 
 tificate of his having taken and subscribed the oath of alleg- 
 iance as prescribed by an act passed the preceeding day. 
 
 By the act of the 13th day of September, 1785, dividing 
 the several counties into election districts, Bedford county 
 was separated into five districts, and the elections dir- 
 ected to be held as follows : First, the town of Bedford and 
 townships of Bedford, Coleraine, Providence, and Cumber- 
 land Valley ,at the court house in Bedford ; Second, the town- 
 ships of Bethel and Air, at the house of Ephraim Wallace 
 in Bethel; Third, the townships of Barre, Hopewell, Franks- 
 town, and Huntingdon, at the place called Standing Stone; 
 Fourth, the townships of Brother's Valley, Quesmahoning, 
 Turkey Foot, and Milford, at the house of James Black in 
 Quesmahoning; Fifth, the townships of Dublin and Shirley, 
 at the house of George Cluggage, in Shirley. On the 19th 
 day of September, 1786, a sixth district was created, con- 
 sisting of the " townships of Frankstown and Morrisson's 
 Cove' ' (?), and the elections directed to be held at the house 
 of Lazarus Lowrey, at Frankstown. 
 
 The act of September 27, 1786, fixed the number of 
 representatives to the General Assembly to be elected in 
 Bedford County at three. 
 
 The officers of the townships of Bedford County that 
 
 covered the present territory of Huntingdon and Blair, 
 
 appointed by the court of Quarter Sessions, were as follows: 
 
 1772.— Thomas Weston (Barre), James Foley, Jr. (Dublin), 
 
 constables; Samuel Anderson and George Jackson 
 
 (Barre), overseers of poor; John Wilson and James 
 
 Little (Barre), supervisors. 
 
 1773.— April Sessions: Charles Caldwell (Barre), John Bale 
 
 (Dublin),, constables; July sessions: James little 
 
16 
 
 appointed in the room of Charles Caldwell. 
 
 1774.— March Sessions: Philip Stoner (Hopewell), con- 
 stable; April Sessions: James Little (Barre),John 
 Bell (Dublin), Philip Stoner (Hopewell), contables; 
 July sessions: Robert Caldwell, John Thorlton, 
 deputy (Barre), John Latta (Dublin), Philip Ston- 
 er (Hopewell), constables; James Little, Michael 
 Cryder (Barre), John Ramsey, James Foley (Dub- 
 lin), Richard Long, Samuel Thompson (Hopewell), 
 supervisors of the highways. 
 
 1775.— Private Sessions, March 25: John Mitchell (Barre), 
 John Latta (Dublin), Philip Stoner (Hopewell), 
 constables; Samuel Anderson, Thomas Johnston 
 (Barre), overseers of the poor; James Little, 
 Michael Cryder (Barre), supervisors. General 
 Sessions, second Tuesday in April: James Dean 
 (Barre), Samuel Daniel (Dublin), William Phillips 
 (Frankstown), Walter Clark (Hopewell), constables; 
 Samuel Anderson, Thomas Johnston (Barre), 
 Benjamin Sanders, Bastian Shoupe (Hopewell), 
 overseers of the poor; James Little, Michael 
 Cryder (Barre), Michael Whetstone, Peter Hart- 
 sock (Hopewell), supervisors. 
 
 1776. — Private Sessions, March 25: William Barrick 
 (Frankstown), William Smart, Jr. (Hopewell); 
 constables; Absalom Gray, Samuel Jack (Franks- 
 town), Benjamin Saunders, Bastian Shoupe (Hope- 
 well), overseers of the poor; Markem Coleman 
 (Frankstown), Peter Hartsock (Hopewell), 
 supervisors. April Sessions: David Lewis 
 (Barre), Samuel Thompson (Dublin), William 
 Smart, Jr. (Hopewell), constables. , : 
 
 1777.— Petty Sessions, September 27: William Riddle 
 (Barre), John Walker (Dublin), Joseph Cellar 
 (Frankstown) , Joshua Davis (Hopewell) , con- 
 stables. General Sessions, October 14: William 
 Riddle, of Barre, fined; John Walker, of Dublin, 
 - fined thirty shillings; Thomas Anderson, Joshua 
 
17 
 
 Davis (Hopewell), Felix Miller, appointed con- 
 stables. 
 
 1778.— General Sessions, April 13: William Wilson 
 (Barre), William Winton (Dublin), constables. 
 
 1780.— General SESSiONS,April 11: Robert Wasson (Barre) , 
 James Morton (Dublin), Jacob Rowler (Franks- 
 town), Benjamin Sanders (Hopewell),' George 
 Reynolds, Isaac Worrill, deputy (Huntingdon), 
 Giles Stevens (Shirley), constables; Alexander 
 McCormick, John Glenn (Barre), Hugh Davison, 
 John Walker (Dublin), Patrick Maguire, David 
 Lowrey (Frankstown) , William Sherley, Levi 
 Mcore (Hopewell), Archibald Fletcher, James 
 Gibson (Huntingdcn), James Galbraith, James 
 Cluggage (Shirley), overseers of the poor; James 
 Anderson, Jeremiah Rickets (Barre), James Coil, 
 Esq., John Ramsey (Dublin), Jacob Rowler, Jr., 
 Absalom Gray (Frankstown), Solomon Sell, Hugh 
 Skelly (Hopewell), Ludwick Sells, Joshua Lewis 
 (Huntingdon), Jacob Shara, James Carmichael 
 (Shirley) , supervisors of the highways. 
 
 1781.— April Sessions: David Ralston (Barre), James Bar- 
 net (Dublin), Absalom Gray (Frankstown), Lud- 
 wick Sells (Huntingdcn), George Cluggage 
 (Shirley), constables; Joseph Oburn, Benjamin 
 McGuffey (Barre), Hugh Davidson, John Walker 
 (Dublin), Samuel Rhea, James Johnston (Franks- 
 town), Henry Lloyd, Michael Cryder (Hunting- 
 don), James Galbraith, James Cluggage (Shirley), 
 overseers of the poor; William Nelson, Archi- 
 bald Glen (Barre), James Coyle, Esq., John Ram- 
 sey (Dublin), Urick Heifheit, Edward Beatty 
 (Frankstown), Joseph Prigmore, Moses Donaldson 
 (Huntingdcn), James Carmichael, Jacob Shara 
 (Shirley) , supervisors of the highways. 
 
 1782 — April Sessions: Chain Rickets (Barre), William 
 Justice (Dublin), William Traviss (Huntingdon), 
 Giles Stevens (Shirley), constables; Henry Fergu- 
 
18 
 
 son, James Carswell (Barre), Hugh Davidson, 
 John Walker (Dublin), Michael Cryder, Henry 
 Lloyd (Huntingdon), overseers of the poor; Wil- 
 liam McLevy, Alexander McCormick (Barre), 
 James Coil, John Ramsey (Dublin), Joseph Prig- 
 more, Jacob Laird (Huntingdon), supervisors of 
 the highways. 
 
 1783. — April Sessions: William Long (Barre), James Mc- 
 Kee (Dublin), George Jackson (Huntingdon), 
 James Cluggage (Shirley), constables; Benjamin 
 McGoffin (Barre), Hugh Davidson, John Walker 
 (Dublin), Henry Lloyd, Michael Cryder (Hunting- 
 don), James Galbraith, Matthew Patton (Shirley), 
 overseers of the poor; David Ralston, Gilbert 
 Cheny (Barre), John Burd, George Hudson (Dub- 
 lin), George Reynolds, Samuel Donnel (Hunting- 
 don), John Morgan, Francis Cluggage (Shirley), 
 supervisors of the highways. 
 
 1786. — April Sessions: Abraham Nelson (Barre), Benjamin 
 Burd (Dublin), Absalom Gray (Frankstown) , 
 Solomon Sill (Hopewell), John Biddle (Hunting- 
 don), constables; John Ramsey, Hugh Orlton 
 (Dublin), William Devinny, Thomas McCune 
 (Frankstown), James Hale, Felix Miller (Hope- 
 well), John Fee, Jacob Laird (Huntingdon), 
 overseers of the poor; Robert Ramsey, George 
 Hudson (Dublin), Samuel Davis, Michael Fetter 
 (Frankstown), William Sherley, Hugh Skelly 
 (Hopewell), Henry Neff, George Reynolds (Hunt- 
 ingdon), supervisors of the highways. 
 
 1787.— April Sessions: William Nelson (Barre), John 
 Ramsey (Dublin), John Bittle (Huntingdon), 
 John Armstrong (Shirley)^ constables; James 
 Anderson, John Dickey (Barre), James Barnet, 
 Hugh Davison (Dublin), John Fee, George Rey- 
 nolds (Huntingdon), George Wilson, John Morgan 
 
 * (Shirley), overseers of the poor; John Wilson, 
 
 James Hannam (Barre), Robert Ramsey, George 
 
19 
 
 Hudson (Dublin), Henry Neff, Nathaniel Jarrit 
 (Huntingdon), James Galbraith, William Morris 
 (Shirley), supervisors of the highways. 
 
 Among the citizens of that portion of Bedford county, 
 now composing Huntingdon and Blair, summoned as grand 
 jurors, were: 1772, July 14th, Michael Cryder; 1780, April 
 11th, William Shirley; 1781, January sessions, William 
 Simonton, James Foley, and Michael Cryder; 1782, April 
 sessions, Samuel Anderson; July sessions, Samuel Anderson, 
 James Foley and Moses Donaldson; October sessions, 
 Alexander McConnell ; 1786, January sessions, George Ash- 
 man and George Cluggage. 
 
 The first Court of Quarter Sessions was held at Bed- 
 ford, April 16, 1771, before "William Proctor, Robert 
 Cluggage, Robert Hanna, George Wilson, William Lockery, 
 and William McConnell,Esqs., justices of our Lord the King, 
 to hear and determine divers felonies and misdemeanors 
 in the said county committed." Twenty-three grand 
 jurors were sworn. Robert Galbraith was enrolled as an at- 
 torney. At April sessions, 1773, "John Freeharty, of the 
 grand jury, is fined five shillings for being drunk and ten 
 shillings for the contempt in doing so while on the duty of 
 that office, and coming into court while in that condition." 
 
 At July sessions, 1780, "The court proceeded to regulate 
 the Price of Laborers, and are of opinion that the same shall 
 be estimated and rated 26 dollars each man per day." 
 October sessions, continued at the same rate. 
 
 Unexplained this would appear extravagant but it 
 must be borne in mind that the standard of value was the 
 dollar in Continental currency, which had rapidly shrunk 
 in worth as contrasted with specie. When measured by the 
 specie standard, the price of a day's labor was worth about 
 forty cents. The paper currency of the country depre- 
 ciated so rapidly in value that it was necessary to estab- 
 lish some rate of exchange, and the General Assembly, by 
 act of April 3, 1781, fixed a scale of depreciation for each 
 month from the beginning of the year, 1777, to the end of 
 February, 1781. In July, 1780, it required sixty-four and 
 
20 
 
 one-half dollars in paper to equal one dollar in specie. 
 
 Among the justices sworn, as appears by the records, 
 were: 
 
 1771, April 16, Robert Cluggage; 1773, April 13, Robert 
 Cluggage; 1774, April 13, Robert Cluggage; 1782, December 
 18, Robert Cluggage; 1773, April 13, William McConnell; 
 1774, May 12, Henry Lloyd; 1777, September, Robert 
 Galbraith, James Martin; 1779, January 13, James Car- 
 michael, James Coyle; 1779, February 12, Matthew Dean; 
 1781, April 28, John Canan (commission dated February 
 3, 1781); 1786, July 20, Thomas Wilson, John Little; 1787, 
 January 22, John Coyle; 1787, June 22, James Coyle. 
 
 Persons were recommended for license to keep public 
 houses as follows: 
 
 1773, July sessions, Michael Cryder; 1773, October 
 sessions, Michael Cryder; 1774, October sessions, Michael 
 Cryder, Lud wick Sells; 1778, April sessions, Francis Cluggage; 
 1781, January sessions, Ludwick Sells. 
 
 Benjamin Elliot was commissioned high sheriff October 
 31, 1785, and was sworn December 19, 1785. 
 
 George Ashman, lieutenant, was sworn December 
 26, 1780. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 The Original Inhabitants of the Juniata Valley — 
 
 Unlawful Intrusion Upon Their Lands — Efforts 
 
 of the Government to Restrain the Intruders. 
 
 HE Indians found in the valley of the Juniata 
 by the white pioneers were Monseys and Conoys 
 of the Lenape nation, Nanticokes of the same 
 original stock, Shawnees and Tuscaroras. Some 
 Mingoes of the Iroquois nation made their home 
 afterwards for some time in Kishacoquillas 
 Valley. In an account dated 1731, appended to the de- 
 positions of Jonah Davenport and James LeTort, Indian 
 traders, mention is made of Indian towns on the river as 
 follows: 
 
 Ohesson upon Choniata, distant from Susque- 
 hanna sixty miles. Shaw-anese. Twenty families and six- 
 ty men. Kissikahquelas. 
 
 Assunnepahla, upon Choniata, distant about one 
 hundred miles by water and fifty by land from Ohesson, 
 Delawares. Twelve families and thirty-six men. 
 
 Trading posts had been fixed at an early day in the 
 valley, where goods were bartered with the natives for furs 
 and skins, but settlements could not be lawfully made 
 prior to the extinction of the Indian title by treaty of 1754. 
 Notwithstanding the fact that before the treaty the lands 
 were expressly withheld from occupancy by the whites, 
 they, regardless of treaty stipulations and the reserved 
 rights of the aboriginies, pushed forward beyond the pur- 
 chase lines, and began settlements here and there as inclina- 
 
22 
 
 tion led or choice lands and abundance of game attracted 
 them. The first complaint by the Indians about intrusions 
 upon unpurchased lands in this valley is described in the 
 following paragraphs : 
 
 At a meeting of the proprietary, Thomas Penn, the 
 Lieutenant Governor, and members of the Provincial 
 Council, with Shekallamy, a chief, and Indians of the Six 
 Nations, held at Philadelphia on the 19th day of June, 
 1733, through the interpreter,Conrad Weiser, Shekallamy, 
 after disposing of other items of his mission, asked "whether 
 the proprietor had heard of a letter which he and Sassoonan 
 sent to Jno. Harris, to desire him to desist from making 
 a plantation at the mouth of Choniata, where Harris has 
 built a house and is clearing fields." 
 
 They were told that Harris had only built that home 
 for carrying on his trade; that his plantation, on which he 
 has his houses, barns, etc., at Paxtan, is his place of dwell- 
 ing, and is not to be supposed he will remove from thence; 
 that he has no warrant or order for making a settlement 
 at Choniata. 
 
 Shekallamy said that though Harris may have built a 
 house for the convenience of his trade, yet he ought not 
 to clear fields. 
 
 To this it was answered that Harris had probably 
 cleared as much land only as would be sufficient to raise 
 corn for his horses. Shekallamy said "He had no ill to John 
 Harris, it is not his custom to bear any man ill will, but he 
 is afraid that the warriors of the Six Nations, when they 
 pass that way, may take it ill to see a Settlement on lands 
 which they have always desired to be kept free from any 
 persons settling on." He was told in answer that care 
 should be taken to give the necessary orders in it. 
 
 John Harris, father of the founder of Harrisburg, was 
 a native of Yorkshire, England, and settled on the bank of 
 the Susquehanna sometime before the year 1726. He 
 carried on an extensive trade with the neighboring Indian 
 tribes, bartering his merchandise for furs and skins. In the 
 pursuit of his business he appears to have established a 
 
23 
 
 branch trading house at the mouth of Choniata, of which 
 encroachment the ever sensitive aboriginies uttered the 
 complaints detailed in the above paragraphs. 
 
 Conrad Weiser, who appears as interpreter for the In- 
 dians at the meeting on the 19th of June, and who sub- 
 sequently became an active and valuable intercessor be- 
 tween them and the whites, was born in Germany in 1696, 
 but at an early age emigrated to America, and settled about 
 the year 1714. 
 
 His numerous letters, interspersed in our records and 
 archives, indicate him to have been a man of unusual 
 acuteness, through knowledge of Indian character, and 
 strictly upright in the business committed to him. His 
 place of residence was in what is now Berks county, and 
 the inscription of his letters written when at home, "Tulpy- 
 hockin," indicates that it was at or near the creek bearing 
 that name. He was the grandfather of Rev. H. A. Muhlen- 
 berg, once minister to Austria. 
 
 Weiser is first noticed as interpreter at a meeting of 
 the Council held at Philadelphia, December 10, 1731, to 
 which he accompanied Shekallamy and another Indian, 
 messenger sent to the Six Nations. 
 
 A part of the business of the Chiefs of the Six Nations 
 at the conference of 1742, which began on the 30th day 
 of June, had reference to the consideration for releasing 
 their claim to all the land in the province on both sides of 
 the river Susquehanna lying eastward of the Endless Hills, 
 called by the Dela wares the " Kekkachtananin Hills." 
 
 The Indians having at a previous meeting received 
 payment for the lands lying eastward of the Susquehanna, 
 the goods delivered on this occasion were for the lands on 
 the west of that river. 
 
 Rude and uneducated as the Indians were, they were 
 not insensible of the value of their lands nor ignorant of 
 the fact that the goods received in exchange therefor 
 were either tawdry finery or articles of little use and soon 
 destroyed or consumed. Canassatego, an Onondaga chief, 
 on this occasion said, "We know our Lands are now become 
 
24 
 
 more valuable; the white people think we don't know their 
 Value, but we are sensible that the Land is Everlasting, 
 and the few goods we receive for it are soon worn out and 
 gone; for the future, we will sell no lands but when Brother 
 Onas (Penn) is in the Country, and we will know before- 
 hand the Quantity of Goods we are to receive." 
 
 The whites still persisted in their desire to push their 
 settlement westward, probably for the double purpose of 
 seeking game and securing good soil for cultivation. From 
 the same speech from which we have made the last extract, 
 Canassatego, in speaking ot the lands westward of the 
 Endless Hills, thus complains: "Your People daily settle 
 on these Lands and spoil our Hunting. We must insist 
 on your removing them, as you know they have no right 
 to the northward of Kittachtinny Hills." 
 
 In these transactions the duplicity and greediness 
 of the white man are prominently exhibited, and the 
 Indians — sole and rightful proprietors of the soil — set 
 examples of truthfulness and integrity which the European 
 intruders might have imitated with credit to themselves. 
 They are already aware that however justly the proprie- 
 taries and their officers deal with them, and desire to re- 
 strain the incursions of the whites into their territory in 
 quest of game or for the purpose of settlement, the govern- 
 ment is either too weak or not inclined to protect them 
 and their rights, and that soon they will be driven from 
 their domain by the advancing column of civilization. 
 And this work to be accomplished by the formality of a 
 deed, in exchange for which they will receive a few worth- 
 less trinkets, or by the gradual and certain increase of 
 settlers on the frontier who restrict the limits and assist 
 in the destruction of game, their only means of subsistence. 
 Need we be surprised then to learn of some atrocious act 
 committed by the red man upon the whites when they are 
 daily harassed by settlers and traders coming uninvited 
 among them and dealing out potions of poisonous rum, 
 defrauding them in trade, and occupying their lands? 
 
25 
 
 The provincial government doubtless honestly desired 
 to comply with the demands of the Indians, and to carry 
 out in good faith the mutual contract made with them, but 
 the cupidity of the daring white pioneer impelled him to 
 pay little heed to the proclamation, or to his own personal 
 safety in resisting its commands. At a council at Shamokin, 
 held April 9, 1743, the orator on the part of the Indians, in 
 addressing "Brother Onas" through Conrad Weiser, said, 
 "The Dutchman on Scokooniady (Juniata) claims a right 
 to the land merely because he gave a little victuals to our 
 warriors, who stand very often in need of it. This string 
 of wampum serves (the speaker then took two strings of 
 wampum in his hands) to take the Dutchman by the arm 
 and to throw him over the big mountains within your 
 herders. We have given the river Scokooniady (Juniata) 
 fcr a hunting place to our cousins, the Delawares, and our 
 brethren the Shaw-anese, and we ourselves hunt there 
 sometimes. We, therefore, desire you will immediately 
 by force remove all those that live on the said river of 
 Scokooniady." 
 
 From time to time the Indians repeated their com- 
 plaints against the intruders with little avail. The white 
 people cared little for paper proclamations, and less, if 
 anything, for either the presence or rights of the natives. 
 Finally affairs reached such a crisis that the government 
 must either enforce its laws or by passiveness invite savage 
 revenge. Richard Peters and Conrad Weiser were accord- 
 ingly sent out with authority to view the frontier, and dis- 
 possess any persons found on unpurchased territory. 
 
 None of these settlers had ventured farther west within 
 the limits of Huntingdon county than the Tuscarora Valley 
 in Dublin and probably Tell townships. The recollection 
 of this official visit is perpetuated in the name of the vil- 
 lage of "Burnt Cabins" situated in Fulton county, near 
 the line of Huntingdon, in the vicinity of which some of 
 the cabins stood, probably those of Falconer, Delong, Perry 
 and Charlton. 
 
26 
 
 In August and September following the occurrences 
 detailed in Secretary Peter's report, relating to the 
 burning of the cabins, Weiser was among the In- 
 dians of New York, delivering a message to them from 
 the proprietary government. The Onondaga chiefs were 
 anxious to know what action had been taken towards re- 
 moving the settlers on their lands near the Juniata and there- 
 abouts, and expressed great satisfaction in learning from 
 Weiser the result of the visit of the secretary and the 
 officers of Cumberland County and that the governor had 
 thus heeded their complaints about the intruders. 
 
 The summary measures adopted by the provincial 
 authorities in 1750 seemed to have the intended effect,for 
 there does not appear to be any further complaint from the 
 Indians about unauthorized intrusions in this region. Fcur 
 years afterwards, in July, 1754, the Indian title was pur- 
 chased and the lands were formally opened for appropria- 
 tion by warrant or actual settlement. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 Forts in Juniata Valley. 
 
 URING the winter of 1755-56 a cordon of forts 
 was built across the province from the Susque- 
 hanna, as follows : Augusta, at Shamokin, now 
 Sunbury; Pomfret Castle, Granville, on Juniata, 
 above Lewistown; Shirley, at Aughwick; and 
 Littleton, in Fulton county. 
 
 Fort Shirley. 
 
 Probably Croghan's fort enlarged or strengthened, 
 named by Governor Morris in honor of Gen. William Shirley, 
 stood on the high bank of Fort Run, on the western side of 
 the main street of Shirleysburg, on or near the ground oc- 
 cupied by the dwelling of David Douglas. A map of the 
 survey of the tract, made while the fort was yet standing, 
 shows that it stood very close to the run, The last four 
 named forts were completed about February, 1756, and 
 each garrisoned by a company of seventy-five men, exclusive 
 of officers. Capt. Hugh Mercer, commandant at Shirley, 
 reported April 19th, that he had only thirty men, who were 
 engaged to remain there until the 1st of May, by which 
 time he is in hopes of completing his company. Col. John 
 Armstrong, August a 20th, reported to Governor Morris 
 that "as Fort Shirley is not easily defended and their 
 water may be taken possession of by the Enemy, it running 
 at the Foot of a high bank eastward of the Fort, and no 
 well Dugg, I am of opinion, from its remote situation, that 
 it can't serve the Country in the present circumstances, 
 and if attacked I doubt will be taken if not strongly garrison- 
 ed, but (extremities excepted) I cannot evacuate this with- 
 
out your Honour's Orders.' ' Acting upon the suggestion of 
 Col. Armstrong, William Denny, who had succeeded Robert 
 Hunter Morris as Lieutenant Governor, ordered the evacua- 
 tion of the fort, and reported his action to the Council 
 October 15th. 
 
 The destruction of Fort Granville and capture of 
 prisoners by the French and Indians added to the terrors 
 of the frontier settlers, and impelled the government to 
 resort to more decisive measures to protect the people from 
 the murderous assaults of the enemy. Accordingly Gov- 
 ernor Morris, acting upon information received from es- 
 caped prisoners that Shingas and Jacobs, the leaders of the 
 hostile Indians, lived at Kittanning, from which point 
 bands were fitted out for depredations in this and ad- 
 jacent provinces, concerted an expedition against that 
 town, to be conducted by Col. John Armstrong, who was 
 to have under his command the companies officered by 
 Captains Hamilton, Mercer, Ward and Porter, and such 
 volunteers as could be enlisted. The expedition was to be 
 conducted as secretly as possible, and was to be organized 
 at Fort Shirley. About the end of August the command 
 proceeded en route for Kittanning "at the Beaver Dams, 
 a few miles from Frankstown, on the North Branch of 
 Juniata," the sections of the command that marched 
 separately were consolidated and proceeded via. the Kit- 
 tanning path to the objective point. 
 
 The expedition was, considering the times and circum- 
 stances, well planned and promptly executed. By the 
 14th of September, Armstrong had reached Fort Littleton 
 on his homeward march and from that point sent by express 
 to Governor Denny his official report. This bold and de- 
 termined move stayed for a time the incursions of the 
 enemy, but there was a sense of insecurity felt in the val- 
 ley until about the beginning of 1762. On January 5, 
 1757, the corporation of Philadelphia, as a reward for his 
 services, presented Col. Armstrong with a piece of plate, 
 caused a medal with appropriate .legends to be struck, and 
 
29 
 
 addressed him a letter thankir.g him and his officers for their 
 gallant conduct. 
 
 In 1758 an army under Gen. John Forbes, comprising 
 commands officered by Cols. Boquet and Washington, 
 set out via. Fort Bedford to dislodge the French at Fort 
 Duquesne and with the exception of a sanguinary engage- 
 ment between advanced bodies, under Major Grant and 
 Lewis and the French and Indians, the main army reached 
 the fort without serious loss, but found it in ruins. The 
 French, unable to cope with the superior force of the Eng- 
 lish, chose to apply the torch rather than to surrender the 
 fortress. Forbes erected defensive works, which the next 
 year were supplanted by more substantial ones, and in 
 honor of the then British premier, were named Fort Pitt. 
 The same year (1758), at a council held at Easton, the 
 boundaries of the Indians' deed of 1754 to the proprietaries 
 were curtailed and more clearly denned, and their title to 
 the lands in the valley of the Juniata confirmed. 
 
 The Pontiac war, begun in 1763, again alarmed the 
 frontiersmen, and quiet and peace was not assured until 
 the successful termination of Col. Boquet's expedition in 
 the autumn of 1764. 
 
 Fort Standing Stone. 
 
 This fort stood in the vicinity of Penn and Second 
 Streets, in the Borough of Huntingdon. Its dimensions or 
 precise locality cannot be ascertained, for no one now living 
 ever saw its lines of defense. The only parts of it remain- 
 ing in modern times were the logs from one of the maga- 
 zines that had been removed from their original place in 
 the fort to No. 205 Penn St. and there re-e/ected and utilized 
 as the lower, story of a building which was long occupied as 
 a blacksmith shop by John Simpson, David Snare, and 
 others. They were of heavy oak timber, hewn on four 
 sides, and "dove tailed" at the corners so as to fit closely 
 together. This building was torn down about 1854 to 
 clear the ground for the erection of the residence of Theo- 
 dore H. Cremer, Esq. The accepted tradition relative to 
 
30 
 
 the time of the erection of this fort fixed the date about 
 the beginning of the war of the Revolution, but on an in- 
 teresting map of the territory embraced between the Hud- 
 son on the east, the central part of Ohio on the west, the 
 shores of Lakes Erie and Ontario and the River St. Law- 
 rence on the north, and Maryland on the south, con- 
 structed by Captain Pouchot, in the French military ser- 
 vice, and transmitted by him to Marshal de Belle Isle in a 
 letter dated Montreal, 14th of April, 1758, quite a number 
 of the English defenses and other prominent objects are 
 located. Among those in Pennsylvania are Philadelphia, 
 Lancaster, Frankstown, Raystown, de la Susquehana, Jun- 
 eata R., Belle R., F. Comberland, F. Standen Stone, F. 
 du Quesne, Laudon, Liteton, Loyalanon, etc. Viewed in 
 the light of our present geographical knowledge the map 
 presents many inaccuracies, but it is nevertheless, a re- 
 markable exhibit of the district it essays to represent when 
 we consider the time at which it was prepared, and the 
 meager data obtainable a century and quarter ago in the 
 then western wilds. 
 
 This map gives Fort Standing Stone an existence at a 
 date much earlier than that fixed by any English records 
 that have been found. The French having, by the treaty 
 of Paris in 1763, surrendered all their northern possessions 
 to the British, were no longer interested in this region, and 
 after that time could have no motive to revise Pouchet's 
 map, which as now printed purports to be a fac-simile of the 
 original. 
 
 OTHER FORTS.— Almost at the beginning of the 
 Revolutionary struggle the settlers of the valley felt the 
 necessity for providing safe retreats from invading parties of 
 Indians, and f orts were from time to time erected throughout 
 the settlements. They were usually constructed of logs 
 and provided with loop holes to serve the double purpose 
 of "outlooks' ' and for the use of the rifle in case of attacks. 
 Those most elaborately built were made of timbers set on 
 end and firmly imbedded in the ground, and were called 
 stockades. Inside were magazines for the safe storage of 
 
31 
 
 ammunition, and barracks for the accommodation of sol- 
 diers or those seeking protection. Fetters was above 
 Hollidaysburg, near where McCahan's mill stands. Holli- 
 day's, about a mile below that town was Peter Titus' log 
 barn transformed into a military defense. Lowry's was 
 built in CanoeValley, three miles southwest of Water Street, 
 where the German Reformed church now stands. This 
 being small, the house of Matthew Dean, farther up the 
 valley, was used temporarily. The people of Sinking 
 Valley were accommodated by a fort built near the resi- 
 dence of Jacob Roller. Hartsock's in Woodcock Valley, 
 near Marklesburg, and Lytle's, in Hart's Log, three miles 
 south of Alexandria, served the inhabitants in their respec- 
 tive localities. On the southwest side of Shaver's Creek, 
 near its mouth, was Anderson's, while farther up the creek 
 Alexander McCormick's house was used for the same pur- 
 pose. McAlevy's, a short d:' stance east of the village of 
 McAlevy's Fort, was the refuge of the inhabitants of Stand- 
 ing Stone Valley. 
 
 The demand for lead in the Revolutionary struggle 
 stimulated search for that metal and sufficient indications 
 were found in Sinking Valley to warrant mining operations 
 there. In the explorations made, tracings of ancient work- 
 ings were found, and these were supposed to have been the 
 work of the French, to whom the Indians had communicated 
 the information that lead existed in the valley. John 
 Armstrong, then a major general, in a letter from York- 
 town, February 23, 1778, to President Wharton, mentions 
 this locality, and suggests that the mine (on the proprie- 
 taries tract) should, "at least for the present, be seized by 
 and belong to the State." Gen. Daniel Roberdeau, then a 
 member of Congress, asked and obtained leave of absence 
 for the purpose of going to the valley and conducting mining 
 operations, and on the 17th of April was at Carlisle on the 
 road thither. On the 23rd of that month he was at Stand- 
 ing Stone, and on the 27th writes from "Sinking Spring 
 Valley" encouragingly about the discovery of a new vein 
 of ore that promises an ample supply. To protect his 
 
32 
 
 workmen a stockade was built, which was called Fort 
 Roberdeau, but by many was designated the Lead-Mine 
 Fort. During the autumn of 1779, Capt. Thomas Cluggage 
 was in command of the fort with a company of Rangers. 
 In March of that year the provincial authorities decided to 
 raise five companies of Rangers, making three hundred 
 and eighty men in all for the defense of the frontiers, and 
 on April 7th the Council appointed Thomas Cluggage cap- 
 tain, and — Means first lieutenant of the company to 
 be rased in Bedford county. At the captain's suggestion, 
 Moses Donley was appointed second Lieutenant, June 26th. 
 October 10th he reported that his command had been re- 
 viewed and passed muster; three officers and forty-three 
 rank and file, one of the latter "killed or taken." 
 
 Numerous parties of hostile Indians fell upon the set- 
 tlers of the valley from time to time, murdering inhabitants, 
 carrying off captives, and burning dwellings. The business 
 of the land office is a pretty good indication of the sense of 
 security felt by the people of the province in these perilous 
 time?. From February 3, 1755, to the month of June of 
 that year a dozen or more warrants were granted for land in 
 Huntingdon and Blair. During the seven years immediate- 
 ly following there does not appear to have been any issued. 
 On May 31, 1762, several warrants were taken out for lands, 
 on the Aughwick, on the Frankstown Branch, and in other 
 localities, and from that date business was quite active 
 during the balance of that and the first half of the succeed- 
 ing year. The only entry for 1764 appears to be George 
 Croghan's application for a warrant for the Standing 
 Stone tract, then held by improvement. The next year, 
 1765, a dozen or more warrants were taken out, and in 1766 
 a much greater number. In the latter year the "applica- 
 tion system" was introduced, and hundreds of persons 
 availed themselves of the opportunities it afforded of ob- 
 taining land on advantageous terms, and from the time at 
 which this plan was put into operation, August 1, 1766, 
 until the close of the land office during the war of the 
 revolution but few warrants were irsued. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Indian Trails. 
 
 HEN the Irdian trader first penetrated the wilds 
 of the valley cf the Juniata, the only highways 
 that traversed the area now .embraced with- 
 in the county of Huntingdon were the 
 trails or paths used by the aborigines. They 
 were mere "bridle paths," only wide enough to 
 admit the passage of a horse and its rider, and crossed the 
 county in various directions. The principal one crossed 
 in a general northwesterly direction, and the earliest written 
 account cf this is found in the journal of Conrad Weiser, 
 sent by the Colonial government in 1748 to treat with the 
 Indians on the Ohio, as follows : 
 "August 11th. Set out from my home and. came to James 
 
 Galbraith's that day, 30 miles. 
 August 12th. Came to George Croghan's, 15 miles. 
 August 13th. To Robert Dunning's, 20 miles. 
 August 14th. To Tuscarora Path, 30 miles. 
 August 15th and 16th. Lay by on account of the men 
 
 coming back sick, and some other affairs hindering us. 
 August 17th. Crossed the Tuscarora Hill and came to the 
 
 Sleeping Place called the Black Log, 20 miles. 
 August 18th. Had a great rain in the afternoon; came 
 
 within two miles of the Standing Stone, 24 miles. 
 August 19th. We traveled but 12 miles; were obliged to 
 
 dry our things in the afternoon. 
 August 20th. Came to Frankstown but saw no House or 
 Cabins; here we overtook the Goods, because four of 
 George Croghan's Hands fell sick, 26 miles, 
 August 21st. Lay by, it raining all day, ,-...,■,■■,, .■■■■. 
 
34 
 
 August 22nd. Crossed Allegheny Hill and came to the 
 
 Clear Fields, 16 miles. 
 
 He continues to describe subsequent incidents of his 
 journey to Logstown and other points, conferences with the 
 Indians, and delivery of the presents to them, his turning 
 homeward on the 19th of September. 
 
 At the Black Log, another fork passed by the Three 
 Springs, through Sidling Hill Gap, by Raystown, etc. to 
 Logstown. Hugh Crawford and Andrew Montour, April 
 16, 1752, Indian traders, and doubtless familiar with every 
 path in this region, reported to the provincial authorities 
 the distance from Philadelphia to "Twightwees" on a 
 branch of Ohio, via. George Croghan's, "Auchquick," 
 Frankstown, Clear Fields, etc. John Harris, in his account 
 of the road to Logstown, taken in 1754, gives the following 
 interesting data: 
 "From my Ferry to Geo. Croghan's ............ 5 Miles. 
 
 to Kittitany Mouns 9 
 
 to Geo. Cowen's house 6 
 
 to Andrew Montour's 5 
 
 to the Tuscaroraw Hill 9 
 
 to Thos. Mitchell's Sleep, Place 3 
 
 To Tuscaroraw 14 
 
 To the Cove Spring 10 
 
 To the Shadow of Death (Shade Gap) 8 
 
 To the Black Log (Orbisonia) 3 
 
 Now the Road forks towards Ray's Town and Frank's 
 Town, we continue Ray's Town Road to 
 
 Allegheny 3 Miles. 
 
 To the 3 Springs 10 " 
 
 To the Sidling Hill Gap 8 '< 
 
 To Juniata Hill 8 " 
 
 To Juniata Creek at Ye Crossing 8 
 
 To the Snake's Spring 8 " 
 
 To Ray's Town (Bedford) 4 " 
 
 To the Shawana Cabins 8 
 
 To Allegheny Hill 6 " 
 
35 
 
 To Edmond's Swamp 8 Miles. 
 
 To Stony Creek 6 Miles." 
 
 Then follow other distances and points of note to 
 Logstown. 
 
 "Now beginning at the Black Log, Frank's Town 
 Road. 
 
 To Aughwick (Shirleysburg) 6 Miles. 
 
 To Jack Armstrong's Narrows, so called from 
 
 his being there murdered 8 " 
 
 To the Standing Stone (abot. 14 ft. high, 6 inch 
 
 square) (Huntingdon) 10 " 
 
 (At each of these last places we crossed the Juniata.) 
 
 To the next and last crossing at Juniata 8 Miles. 
 
 To Water Street (branch of Juniata) 10 " 
 
 TotheBigLick 10 " 
 
 To Franks (Stephen's) Town 5 " 
 
 To the Beaver Damms 10 " 
 
 To Allegheny Hill 4 " 
 
 To the clear Fields 6 " 
 
 To John Hart's Sleepg. place 12 " 
 
 To the head of Susquehannah 12 " 
 
 To the Shawana Cabbins 12 " 
 
 To P. Shaver's Sleeping place at two large licks 12 " 
 
 To the 18 mile Run 12 " 
 
 To the 10 mile Lick 6 " 
 
 To Kiskemenette's Town on the Creek, runs in- 
 to Allegheny Rivr. 6 mils, down (almost as 
 
 large as Schuylkill) 10 " 
 
 To the Chartiere's Landing on Alleghy 8 " 
 
 To the Kittanning Town up the River 18 " 
 
 To Venango, higher up Alleghy 70 " 
 
 Down the River from Chartiere's Landg. to 
 
 Pine Creek. 14 " 
 
 To the Logs Town 17 " 
 
 Logs Town lays due west from T. Harris's Ferry. 
 "Note — John Harris told me that he verily believed that 
 
 Logs Town was distant from his House due West an hund- 
 
36 
 
 red miles less than the within accot. mentions, the road he 
 went having so many great Crooks." 
 
 "JOSEPH SHIPPEN, JR." 
 In December, 1753, Governor Hamilton sent James 
 Patton to deliver a message to the chiefs of the Six Nations 
 at Ohio, and among other instructions he was directed to 
 take a particular account of the road from Carlisle. The 
 concern of the provincial government was to ascertain if 
 the Forks of the Ohio were within the limits of the province, 
 the boundry lines of which had not been fully ascertained. 
 Patten was to call at Mr. George Croghan's at "Aucquick," 
 and consult with him. After his return he and Andrew 
 Montour constructed and presented to the Council, March 2, 
 1754, a map containing "a just Description of the Road, 
 as well by Computation as by the Compass," which they 
 believed "to be as near the Truth as it could be known 
 without actual Mensuration." The following tables were 
 taken from the map: 
 
 The computed Distance of The Road by the Indian 
 Traders from Carlysle to Shanoppin's Town. 
 
 From Carlisle 
 Miles 
 
 From Carlysle to Major Montour's 10 
 
 From Montour's to Jacob Pyatt's 25 
 
 From Pyatt's to George Croghan's, at Aucquick Old 
 
 Town .15 
 
 From Croghan's to the Three Springs 10 
 
 From the Three Springs to Sidling Hill 7 
 
 From Sidling Hill to Contz's Harbour 8 
 
 From Contz's Harbour to the top of Ray's Hill 1 
 
 From Ray's Hill to the 1 crossing of Juniata .10 
 
 From the 1 crossing of Juniata to Allaguapy's Gap ... 6 
 
 From Allaguapy's Gap to Ray's Town 5 
 
 From Ray's Town to the Shawonese Cabbin 8 
 
 From Shawonese Cabbins to the Top of Allegheny Moun- 
 tain 8 
 
 From Allegheny Mountain to Edmund's Swamp . . . . • 8 
 From Edmund's Swamp to Conomahony's Creek .... 6 
 
37 
 
 From Conamahony to Kackanapaulins . 5 
 
 From Kackanapaulins to Loyal Hannin 18 
 
 From Loyal Hannin to Shanoppin's Town .......... 50 
 
 The courses of the Road from Carlisle to Shanoppin's 
 Town by Compass: 
 
 N. 20 W. 8 miles to Major Montour's. 
 
 N. 5 W. 20 miles to Jacob Pyatt's. 
 
 N. 20 W. 8 miles to George Croghan's or Aucquick 
 Old Town. 
 
 N. 70 W. 7 miles to the Three Springs. 
 
 S. 70 W. 5 miles to Aucquick Gap. 
 
 S. 70 W. 5£ miles to Contz's Harbour, 
 
 S. .80 W. 9 miles to Allaquapy's Gap. 
 
 West 3 miles to Ray's Gap. 
 
 N. 45 W. The course up the Gap. 
 
 N. 63 W. 5 miles to the Shawonese Cabbins. 
 
 N. 60 W. 5 ids. to the top of Allegheny Mounts. 
 
 N. 75 W. 4i miles to Edmund's Swamp. 
 
 N. 80 W. 4 miles to Conamahony Creek. 
 
 N. 10 W. 31 miles to Kackanapaulin's House. 
 
 N. 64 W. 12 miles to Loyal Hannin Old Town. 
 . N. 20 W. 10 miles to the Forks of the Road. 
 
 West 10 miles to 
 
 N. 80 W. 15 miles to Shanoppin's Town. 
 
 A Mr. West was at the same time examined by the 
 Council, and he expressed his opinion that the courses and 
 distances set down by Mr. Patten came as near to the truth 
 as was possible without actual measurement. 
 
 In the latter part of August, 1754, Conrad Weiser set 
 out on a journey from home to Aucquick by order of the 
 government, to have a conference with some Indians. In 
 his journal he states that he left Andrew Montour's on the 
 2d of September. "Rode six hours before noon and three 
 after — took up lodging in the woods. 3d, Sat out by six 
 o'clock and by eight came to the Trough Spring; by nine 
 to the Shadow of Death; by eleven to the Black Log, and 
 by twelve arrived at Aucquick." 
 
38 
 
 This principal road entered Huntingdon County in the 
 vicinity of Blair's Mills, and passed up Trough Spring 
 branch of the Tuscarora Creek by Trough or Cove 
 Spring, through Shade Gap, northward along Black Log 
 valley to the "Black Log" in or near the gap east of Orbi- 
 sonia; through Shirleysburg (Aughwick Old Town, or Fort 
 Shirley) ; crossed to the northern side of the Juniata above 
 Mount Union; crossing Juniata again to the south side at 
 the lower end of Cypress Island, in the Borough of Hunting- 
 don ; over the Warrior's ridge and crossing to the north side 
 of the river near Hart's Log (Alexandria) ; thence via Water 
 Street and Canoe valley to Frankstown and Hollidaysburg ; 
 and thence over the Allegheny. The southern branch, 
 leaving the main road at Black Log, passed the Three 
 Springs near the borough of that name, and leaving Hunt- 
 ingdon County at Sidling Hill Gap, touched Everett and 
 Bedford, crossing the Allegheny a number of miles south- 
 west of the main or Kittanning trail. 
 
 There were a number of other paths of minor importance. 
 One extended from Frank's Town to the Bald Eagle's Nest, 
 near Milesburg, Centre Co. A branch ran from this through 
 Warrior's Mark, Franklin, and Morris to the main road at 
 Water Street. Another from Raystown to Frankstown, one 
 from Standing Stone to Raystown, one from the mouth 
 of Raystown Branch to Raystown, one from Standing Stone 
 to the Bald Eagle's Nest, etc. 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 First Public Roads. 
 
 T the January sessions 1772,of the Bedford court, 
 on the petition of Samuel Anderson and others, 
 inhabitants of the township of "Baree" setting 
 forth the necessity of a road leading from the 
 Standing Stone or Hart's Log by Boquet's 
 spring (at McConnelstown) and up Woodcock 
 Valley to the crossing of Yellow Creek, and from thence to 
 join the great road near Bloody Run, now Everett, James 
 Little, William Shirley, Robert Friggs, Hugh Guttery, 
 Richard Long, and Samuel Anderson were appointed view- 
 ers. A report not being made by these viewers, on the 
 14th of July following, a petition of inhabitants of "Barree 
 and Coleraine' ' townships, representing that a road between 
 the points above mentioned would be of great use to the 
 public, the court named Richard Long, Hugh Guthrey, 
 Samuel Thompson, James Little, Samuel Anderson, and 
 Walter Clarke to view the road and make a report of their 
 proceedings to the next court. This appointment did not 
 secure a report, and at October sessions the persistant 
 inhabitants of Barre Township were heard by the court 
 in another petition, when John Piper, Esquire, Richard 
 Long, Michael Cryder, Samuel Anderson, James Little, and 
 William Shirley were appointed viewers. A favorable 
 result was not yet secured,and at April sessions 1774, urged 
 by another petition of inhabitants of the township named, 
 John Piper, Esq., Richard Long, James Little, John Mitch- 
 ell, Samuel Anderson and Michael Cryder were appointed 
 to view. These viewers laid out a road and made return to 
 July sessions of the same year. One branch of the road be- 
 
40 
 
 gan at a "hickory standing on the north side of the Franks- 
 town Branch of Juniata River, about a quarter of a mile 
 below the mouth of Standing Stone Creek, at the end of 
 Standing Stone Mountain, supposed to be at or near the 
 line which divides the County of Bedford from Cumber- 
 land; and running from thence north thirty-four degrees 
 west 86 perches to Standing Stcne Creek; and thence up said 
 creek north 15 degrees east 19 perches; and thence north 64 
 degrees west across the said creek and along the principal 
 street,' called Allegheny street, in the town of Huntingdon 
 92 perches to the center of the said town, and thence the 
 same course continued and along the same street, in all two 
 hundred and seventy-two perches, to the point of the island 
 above the Standing Stone; thence south fifty-eight degrees 
 west fourteen across the river Juniata, etc. Then follow 
 the courses and distances to a point about one hundred 
 perches southwest of Boquet's Spring,where the other branch 
 of the road was intersected, which began at the lower end of 
 Water Street Narrows, on the Northeastern side of the 
 Frankstown Branch of Juniata River, and ran along the 
 same about a mile and a half, then crossed said river, and 
 passing near the house of Charles Caldwell, in Harts Log 
 Valley, and the house of Henry Lloyd in Woodcock Valley. 
 The route from the intersection of the two branches was 
 through Woodcock Valley, passing near the houses of 
 James Piper and John Piper to the "great road about fifteen 
 perches above Bloody Run.'-' Computing the measurement 
 of the several lines we find the distances according to the 
 return of this road survey, from the intersection of Al- 
 legheny and Third Streets in the Borough of Huntingdon 
 to be as follows: To Boquet's Spring at McConnelstown 
 four miles and two hundred and ninety-five perches to the 
 crossing of Yellow Creek, thirty miles and two hundred 
 and ten perches; and to Bloody Run, now Everett, thirty- 
 eight miles and two hundred and thirty-six perches; all 
 somewhat short of the actual distances. This route was 
 ordered to be opened to the breadth of thirty-three feet, 
 and confirmed as a public road. 
 
41 
 
 On the 12th day of July, 1773, on a petition of a num- 
 ber of the inhabitants of the county, Benjamin Elliot, John 
 Ramsey, John Walker, Gaven Cluggage, Lawrence Swope 
 and James Carmichael were appointed to view and lay out a 
 road from the mouth of Aughwick Creek to the great road 
 leading from Bedford to Baltimore. As no report was 
 made by these viewers at April sessions, 1774, on petition, 
 another board of viewers, consisting of James Galbraith, 
 Samuel Thompson, Gaven Cluggage, Giles Stevens, Charles 
 Boyle, and Samuel Daniel, was appointed to lay out a bridle 
 road. The report of these viewers was presented to the 
 court at July sessions, 1774, and the road ordered to be open- 
 ed thirty-three feet wide. The line began at Silver's Ford, 
 on the Juniata River,about a mile above Ihe mouth of Augh- 
 wick Creek, crossed the creek north of Fort Shirley, passed 
 Robert Cluggage's mill, and intersected the wagon-road at 
 Charles Magill's at the Burnt Cabins. Distance according 
 to the return, twenty-one miles and fifty-four perches. 
 
 At the October sessions, Bartholomew Davis petitioned 
 for a road from his mill "to James Galbraith's and from 
 thence to Patrick Kan an, on the great road leading from 
 Silver's Ford to the Burnt Cabins." James Gailbraith, John 
 Donough, John Ramsey, Robert Ramsey, James Cluggage 
 and Samuel Thompson were appointed viewers. 
 
 At April sessions, 1776, on the petition of inhabitants 
 of Barre Township, setting forth 'that ,they labor under 
 many disadvantages for want of roads to the Juniata, 
 Frankstown Branch, and to Bedford, to Huntingdon 
 meeting and market, unto the saw and grist mill on the 
 aforesaid branch, and praying the court to appoint men to 
 view, and if they see cause to lay out one road beginning 
 at William McLevy's on Standing Stone Creek, near to the 
 Big Gap that leads into Kishacoquillas Valley; thence down 
 Shaver's Creek to the mouth thereof into Frankstown 
 Branch ; thence down the aforesaid branch to the upper 
 end of Dr. William Smith's Island; thence crossing Juniata 
 the nearest and best way unto the public road to Bedford, 
 etc. The other road beginning at the upper end of the 
 
42 
 
 aforesaid island where the first mentioned road ends, on 
 the northeast side of said branch, and from thence down 
 said branch until it joins the aforesaid public road. Wil- 
 liam McLevy, Alex. McCormick, James Williams, Abraham 
 Haines, Robert Smith, and Nathanial Jarrard were appoint- 
 ed viewers. 
 
 The Revolutionary troubles followed so soon after these 
 proceedings, that road making was suspended during the 
 contest and for some years afterwards, and the inhabitants 
 were constrained to content themselves with the few roads, 
 paths, or trails already opened. Beside the roads already 
 mentioned there was one that led from the Raystown Branch 
 through Tatman's Gap and Plank Cabin Valley to Fort 
 Littleton; one from Garard's mill, below McConnelstown, 
 to the Raystown Branch. These were in use in 1787. A 
 road that branched from the Hart's Log road west of the 
 Pulpit Rocks, and led to the settlements on the river above 
 Petersburg, was known in 1788 as Grafnus' road, and one 
 in Plank Cabin Valley was called, as early as 1766, 
 "Thompson's Road." A public road from Huntingdon to 
 Three Springs, via. Cassville, was laid out about 1790; 
 from McCormick's mill to Huntingdon, surveyed in No- 
 vember of the same year; from Minteer's Gap to the Warm 
 Springs, May, 1791; and that from the Three Springs, 
 through Hares Valley to the Juniata occupies in part the 
 route of an ancient path. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 The Larger Streams Declared Public Highways. 
 
 EFORE roads were constructed in this region at 
 public expense, the larger streams were uti- 
 lized as highways, and it became necessary to 
 dedicate them to public use. The Assembly 
 on the 9th of March, 1771, passed an act de- 
 claring a number of the rivers and creeks 
 "public streams and highways for the purposes of naviga- 
 tion up and down the same; and that all obstructions and 
 impediments to the passage of his Majesty's liege subjects 
 up and down the same, erected or hereafter to be erected, 
 shall be deemed, held and adjudged common nuisances." 
 The Juniata with the branches up as far as Bedford and 
 Frankstown, was embraced within the provisions of this 
 act. Commissioners were named and authorized to "scour, 
 enlarge, straighten and deepen" the streams mentioned in 
 this act and penalties prescribed for the erection or main- 
 tenance of any dam or other obstruction. By act of Feb- 
 ruary 5, 1794, the little Juniata from its mouth up to the 
 head of Logan's Narrows, and Standing Stone Creek from 
 its mouth up to the mouth of Laurel Run, were declared 
 public highways for the passage of boats and rafts. Feb- 
 ruary 25, 1795, Benjamin Elliot was authorized to erect a 
 wing dam on the northeast side of the river. March 23, 
 1796, Thomas Whittaker was empowered to make "good 
 and convenient landings on both sides of the river Juniata, 
 opposite the end of Montgomery (now Fourth) street, in the 
 town of Huntingdon, where he at present keeps a ferry, 
 and shall at all times hereafter maintain the same in good 
 order and repair, fit for men, horses and carriages to pass 
 
44 
 
 and repass." Robert Dean and Joseph Smith obtained 
 legislative authority, March 9, 1797, for erecting a wing 
 dam. John Canan was authorized by act, approved' 
 February 19, 1799, to erect a toll-bridge over the "Franks- 
 town Branch of Juniata River, nearly opposite the said John 
 Canan's mills, where the great road from Huntingdon to 
 the western part of the country and to Pittsburg crosses the 
 said branch." This crossing was near Hatfield's Juniata 
 Iron works, in Porter township. Charles Smith was author- 
 ized by act of February 7, 1803, to erect a wing dam in the 
 Juniata. He then owned the Huntingdon mills. Shaver's 
 Creek, from its mouth up to the line of James and John 
 Crawford's land, was declared a public highway by act of 
 February 19, 1800; Tuscarora Creek, from its mouth up to 
 the forks near Morrow's mill, by act of April 4, 1805; and 
 the little Juniata, from Logan's Narrows to Bell's Mills, 
 then Allegheny township by act of March 26, 1808. The 
 Aughwick Creek became a highway April 1, 1822, and sev- 
 eral other acts relative to smaller streams were passed in 
 subsequent years. 
 
 The importance of the streams as public highways 
 attracted the attention of the Legislature to such an extent 
 as to secure the passage, April 13, 1791, of an act authoriz- 
 ing the improvement of the larger rivers and creeks of the 
 State. It included the Juniata from its mouth to Water 
 Street, and thence to Frankstown, and £2320 were ap- 
 propriated. The same act made liberal appropriations for 
 the laying out of new and improvement of old roads. For 
 the road through Canoe Narrows and from Daniel Titus' 
 to Poplar Run £300 was set apart; for the road from 
 Poplar Run to Conemaugh £360; for a road to be laid out 
 from Frankstown to Pittsburg £300; for a road through 
 Jack's and Igow's Narrows, £120. The next year the 
 Legislature made some changes in the application of the 
 moneys appropriated for the road over the Allegheny 
 mountain, and directed that £530 shall be given towards 
 improving and opening a road from Frankstown to Cone- 
 maugh at or near the mouth of Stony Creek. Six hundred 
 
45 
 
 pounds was appropriated towards improving the navigation 
 of the Raystown Branch of the Juniata from its mouth to 
 a point above Bedford. In 1792 $400 was appropriated for 
 improving the road between Lewistown and Huntingdon, 
 and $500 added to former grants to the road from Franks- 
 town to Pittsburg. 
 
 The Legislature, April 7, 1807, appropriated eight 
 hundred dollars for the purpose of laying out and opening 
 a road to begin at Logan's Narrows and extend via mouth 
 of Anderson's Creek, in Clearfield County, to the State 
 road leading to Erie. 
 
 The numerous mountain gorges along the course of 
 the Juniata presented so many difficulties in the way of 
 constructing a passable artificial road, that little could be 
 done with the amount of money from time collection by 
 taxation, or appropriated from the public treasury towards 
 that end, and after the upper part of the valley had reached 
 that state of improvement as to have a surplus of the pro- 
 ducts of agriculture or manufacturers,resort was had to the 
 river for reaching the eastern markets. The ark and keel- 
 boat were introduced. The first was constructed of hewn 
 and sawed lumber, fastened together with wooden pins, 
 built to carry freight down the river, and after the dis- 
 charge of the cargo sold. It was taken apart and the plank 
 and timber used for building. The keel-boat was construct- 
 ed somewhat like the hull of the present canal boat, and 
 after unloading its downward freight, brought back such 
 commodities as the merchants and others purchased in the 
 East. It was "pushed" up stream by men working with 
 poles, a slow and slavish process. With the removal of 
 some obstructions, the navigation of the Juinata to its mouth 
 and the Susquehanna to Harrisburg became to experienced 
 rivermen comparatively easy and safe, but the terror of 
 the boatmen was "Conewago Falls." It was reserved for 
 some brave spirits of the upper Juniata to successfully 
 grapple with the perils of these falls. In Appendex III to 
 the "American Museums," Part L, from January to 
 July 1792, the following account is given: "A Baltimore 
 
46 
 
 paper mentions that Mr. Kryder had arrived there from 
 Standing Stone, on Juniata, with one hundred and four 
 barrels of flour, having performed the voyage in five days. 
 His flour passed for superfine and was sold immediately 
 at the highest price for cash. The merchants presented 
 Mr. Kryder with one hundred and four dollars for the risk 
 he ran, with his two sons, in attempting the navigation 
 of the Susquehanna, heretofore thought to be impracticable 
 for boats of burden." This flour was doubtless the product 
 of Kryder's own mill which stood on the south side of the 
 Juniata between the head of Cypress Island and the Hunt- 
 ingdon Dam. 
 
CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Early Settlements— Names of the Pioneers. 
 
 HE first settlements within the limits of Hunting- 
 don county, were doubtless those made by the 
 persons whose cabins were burned by order of 
 Secretary Peters in the summer of 1750, near the 
 village of Burnt Cabins, and probably extend- 
 ing northeastward therefrom along the Tus- 
 carora Valley. These were the unwarranted intrusions up- 
 on unpurchased lands, and the squatters therefore acquired 
 no title. Ardrew Montour having earnestly and repeatedly 
 applied for permission to live in some of the plantations 
 over the Blue Hills, Governor Hamilton by the advice of 
 the council, on the 18th of April, 1752, issued a commis- 
 sion to him, reciting the fact that many persons had gone 
 and were continually going over the Kittatinny Mountains 
 to settle, notwithstanding the repeated proclamations 
 against such practices, and that he had represented that 
 he could be serviceable alike to the government and the Six 
 Nations in keeping people from settling on the unpurchas- 
 ed lands. In consideration of which, license and authority 
 was given him to reside in such place over the mountains, 
 found to be central and convenient for the purpose named. 
 Montour settled on the north side of Sherman's Creek, on 
 the Elliot farm, Perry county. His name is perpetuated in 
 the designation of Montour's Run. 
 
 GEORGE CROGH AN. —George Croghan, a conspic- 
 uous character in provincial times, an Irishman by birth, 
 was licensed in 1744 as an Indian trader. In 1748 he 
 purchased land, and became a resident of Cumberland coun- 
 ty. In 1750, as one of the magistrates of that county, 
 
48 
 
 he accompanied Secretary Peters in his visits to the tres- 
 passers, and, as appears by a letter of his dated June 10, 
 1751, he yet resided southeast of the Kittatinny Mountain. 
 Soon thereafter, possibly under authority similar to that 
 granted to Andrew Montour, he took up his residence at 
 "Aucquick" now Shirleysburg, for it is found in the pro- 
 ceedings of a conference held by the commissioners ap- 
 pointed on behalf of the provincial authorities, with repre- 
 sentatives of the Six Nations and other tribes at Carlisle, 
 in October, 1753, that the Indians proposed that any 
 presents intended for them should be sent to "George 
 Croghan's house at Juniata." In the instructions of the 
 Governor to James Patten, who was sent in December of 
 that year on a journey to the Ohio, he was directed to call 
 "at George Crohgan's at Aucquick' ' and consult with him. 
 
 The strife between the English and French for the pos- 
 session of the Ohio Valley was reaching a crisis which would 
 be settled only by the arbitrament of the sword. The latter, 
 sweeping down from their Canadian colonies, were enlist- 
 ing the " sympathies and services of the Indians on the 
 frontiers and alienating their support from their English 
 rivals. As early as 1749, Capt. Celeron, commanding a 
 detachment sent by the Captain-General of Canada to take 
 possession of the lands along the Ohio and its branches, 
 deposited at Venango, Forks of the Ohio, and Kanawha, 
 leaden plates as monuments of the "renewal" of their 
 claim to dominion over the region drained by those streams. 
 Col. George Washington was sent by the Governor of Vir- 
 ginia with a small military force to occupy the Forks of 
 the Ohio, but before reaching his destination was attacked 
 at Fort Necessity, by a body of French and Indians much 
 superior in numbers, and compelled, on the 4th day of 
 July, 1753, to surrender his defenses and retrace his steps 
 over the Alleghenies. 
 
 Some Indians friendly to the English interests im- 
 mediately moved eastward toward the settlements. Crogh- 
 an writes to Lieutenant-Governor Hamilton from "Auc- 
 quick Old Town, August 16, 1754," that "The Half-King 
 
49 
 
 Scarrooyady and several other Indians, with their wives 
 and families, have been here since Col. Washington was de- 
 feated, and about twelve days ago came here the young 
 Shawanese king from the lower Shawanese town, and 
 several more with him, and Delaware George and sev- 
 eral other Delawares came here from the French forts." 
 Coinciding with the views of his Indian guests, Croghan sug- 
 gested that the government must move quickly and vigor- 
 ously or the Ohio lands would be lost. A conference was 
 proposed to be held at his place in ten days. His letter 
 was laid before the Council en Thursday, August 22, and 
 it was then decided that Conrad Weiser should be im- 
 mediately sent with some money and a letter of instruction 
 to Aughwick. He set out from home on the 27th of August, 
 and reached his destination on the 3rd of September. In 
 the account of his transactions, he stated that Croghan had 
 between twenty-five and thirty acres of the best Indian 
 corn he ever saw, and counted above twenty cabins about his 
 house, and in them at least two hundred Indians, men, wo- 
 men and children,and that a great many more were scattered 
 thereabouts, some two or three miles off. The extent of 
 the cleared and cultivated land and the number of cabins, 
 indicates that Croghan had been a resident there for a 
 considerable time. Beginning with the morning of the 
 4th, the conference occupied several days. Weiser leaving 
 on the morning of the 8th. There were present Indians 
 of the Seneca, Oneida, Cayuga and Mohawk tribes of the 
 Six Nations, and some Delawares and Shawanese. Croghan 
 complained to the government of the great expense that he 
 was subjected to in provisioning his Indian guests,and stated, 
 August 30th, that they had already destroyed almost thirty 
 acres of corn. Under date of May 1, 1755, he writes Governor 
 Morris from "Aucquick" that, pursuant to his instructions, 
 he will set out the r.ext day with all the Indians, except 
 the women and children, to join Gen. Braddock. It 
 appears that some of the women and children accom- 
 panied him, but on joining Braddock the general refused 
 permission for them to accompany the army. Crogjian 
 
50 
 
 then proposed that they should go nearer the settlements, 
 but they declined, saying that they had fixed on Aughwick 
 for their residence until the war was over, and as many 
 women and children were there planting, they were de- 
 termined to return. Croghan, in a letter dated at Fort 
 Cumberland, May 20th, says there will be about one hund- 
 red and twenty women and children left behind, and sug- 
 gests that if provisions are purchased and sent to his house, 
 his brother would deliver rations to them daily. After 
 the defeat of Braddock, July 9th, Croghan returned home, 
 and notwithstanding he had learned from an Indian from 
 Ohio a rumor that the French and their allies would make 
 a descent upon the frontiers during the coming winter, and 
 who advised him to leave Aughwick, he commenced the 
 erection of a stockade fort, and by the Sth of October, had 
 it nearly completed. In this movement he was acting 
 out the suggestion made by Secretary Peters in December 
 previous. On the 12th of November he had about forty 
 men with him, but in view of the apprehended approach 
 of hostile Indians, he was fearful he could not maintain 
 possession long. The fort was continuously occupied, 
 however until sometime in the spring of 1756, during which 
 time it was strengthened by direction of the provincial 
 authorities, and christened Fort Shirley. During his career 
 as a trader among the Indians, he was so liberal in his deal- 
 ings and so profuse in his presents to the natives, that with 
 the losses sustained by the French, who seized and ap- 
 propriated great quantities of his goods, he became em^ 
 harassed financially, and in view of his services to the 
 government, the Assembly, December 3, 1755, passed a 
 law exempting him from arrest for debt for ten years. It 
 does not appear that he resided at Aughwick or Fort Shirley 
 after the summer of 1756, but he still claimed the land. A 
 survey without a formal warrant, but by the consent 
 and direction of the proprietaries, was made by Samuel 
 Finley for Croghan on the 14th of October, 1762, of a 
 tract containing four hundred and twenty-four acres called 
 "Old Town" situated on Aughwick Creek, where Fort 
 
51 
 
 Shirley stcod." This tract became the property of James 
 Folay, to whom it was patented October 19, 1773. He, 
 with Mary, his wife, January 29, 1776, conveyed it to Paul 
 Warner, of Maryland. Croghan owned numerous other 
 tracts on the Aughwick, at Shade Gap, Huntingdon, 
 Alexandria, and other places. 
 
 PETER SHEAVE R was licensed as an Indian trader 
 in 1774. He settled upon the. west side of Shaver's Creek, 
 near its junction with the Juniata, at a date not known. 
 The warrant was taken cut for the land by Samuel Ander- 
 sen, November 9, 17S4, and it was certified on the oaths of 
 Thomas Mitchell, Oliver Walliss, and John Walker, that the 
 improvement was made in 1754. The creek received its 
 rame from Sheaver, who, it is said, was murdered some 
 time before 1765. 
 
 JOHN HART, who began to trade with the Indians 
 under his license of 1744, had a feeding or lodging place at 
 Alexandria, and "Hart's Log" valley perpetuates his name. 
 He did not purchase any lands nor effect any permanent 
 settlement. The warrant for the land was granted February 
 3, 1775, to James Sterrat for four hundred acres "including 
 the bottom at the Sleeping Place called John Hart's Log 
 on the waters of Juniata." ! 
 
 On May 26, 1755, John McDowell applied for three 
 hundred acres "at a place called the Burnt Cabins at 
 Aucquick;" and Wm. Maxwell for three hundred acres, 
 "including Falkner's and William and Thomas Thompson's 
 improvements at Aucquick" and two hundred acres at a 
 place called the "Three Springs, on the Ray's Town Road 
 at Aucquick.' ' Warrants were not granted on these applica- 
 tions, but the descriptions serve to identify localities. 
 The Falkner here mentioned is doubtless the Peter Falconer 
 described in Secretary Peters' report of his visit in 1750. 
 Maxwell lived near the Burnt Cabins. 
 
CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 Rev. Philip Fithian's Diary. 
 
 HE following is copied from a manuscript diary 
 of Rev. Philip Fithian, who left his home at 
 Greenwich, N. J., May 9, 1775, for a tour through 
 Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania, and at 
 a Presbytery held at West Conococheague 
 Church (near Mercersburg, Pa.) was com- 
 
 to visit Central Pennsylvania as a supply to the 
 Presbyterian churches. On his return from 
 
 missioned 
 
 scattered 
 
 Kishacoquillas Valley he passed through the territory of 
 
 Huntingdon County. 
 
 Under date of Monday, August 21, 1775, he draws 
 near the town of Huntingdon, and the diary continues. — 
 
 "I met two men on horseback. As they neared me 
 I smelled their breaths; it was strong of whiskey. By 
 this token, which in thicker settled places you would 
 scruple, I grew certain that I was near the town. My 
 conjecture was right; I soon after entered Huntingdon." 
 
 "As I drew near I could not help thinking myself on 
 the borders of some large town. There was a drum beat- 
 ing, several antic loud singers, every now and then a most 
 vociferous laugh, and candles thinly scattered, shining 
 here and there from the houses. I expected to find a few 
 of our American bedlams. These small towns, especially 
 when they are growing fast, and a new thing, go before 
 every other place in most sort of vice, but especially drink- 
 ing and a few of its nearest allied attendants. I had 
 cautiously put on my riding coat to disguise the clerical 
 cloth, for I was not certain that I should escape some 
 black-guard embarassment, for too much liquor makes 
 
53 
 
 many "over wicked;" but it makes some "over good," 
 and sets them in a tune to ask more questions in divinity, 
 especially explanation of parts of Scripture, than unex- 
 perienced I or any other Dr. cf Divinity in America could 
 have the patience, if he had the ability, to resolve. Fearing 
 all this, and knowing in such a ease I should escape no 
 better myself, before I arrived within a mile of town I 
 put on my suitout and cocked up my hat in the best manner. 
 
 " 'You seem to be a stranger,' said a tall youngster 
 to me as I put my first fcot on the porch. 
 
 " ' Is the hostler here?' I answered. 
 
 " ' Are you from below stranger?' 
 
 " 'Bring in the saddle-bags and let the horse cool be- 
 fore you give him a gallon of oats.' 
 
 " 'Are you a stranger, sir?' 
 
 " 'Yes, sir, a stranger.' 
 
 " 'I could hear one another whispering about me on 
 the porch. Some thought I was one of the delegates ap- 
 pointed to the treaty with the Indians which is soon to be 
 held at Fort Pitt. Some thought I was a land jobber, 
 some that I was a broken absconded merchant, some that 
 I was a Tory flying from knobstick vengeance. I supped, 
 however, and soon retired. 
 
 "Tuesday, August 22d. — I spent the night quite con- 
 trary to my expectations, in peace. 'Squire Hall, a store- 
 keeper, came in late, found me a stranger and took me in 
 with another young man, Mr. Clugage of Shirley, to his 
 house. Here was a late paper; it said His Excellency Gage 
 had resigned his commission to Gen. Howe, etc. 'Squire 
 Hall told me that he is now selling salt by the bushel at 
 fourteen shillings current. He told me further that many 
 in this town and neighborhood are under present alarming 
 apprehensions of danger from the Indians. It is certain 
 the Indians now show temptation; the Governor of Canada 
 with all his agents are employed and bribed to set them on 
 us. 
 
 "I rose from my bed early in order to be at the 'Warm 
 Springs,' for I came about by the village wholly to see 
 
54 
 
 them. I rode through the wet bushes quite alone. The 
 path is single and not over stony, but all the way bushy. 
 These springs rise in what is called Standing Stone Valley, 
 a little west of the mountain, and five miles north of Juniata 
 River. The water rises boiling up with sand and much 
 air in bubbles in a piece of land which is almost level. There 
 is a small descent of a few feet from the highest part of 
 the neighboring land to the place of the water rising; and 
 below is a watery flat covered with marsh flowers, flags, 
 touch-me-nots, water lilies, etc. The water rises up in 
 nearly equal quantities in two places at about three perches 
 distance. One is used by the invalids for drinking; the 
 other for bathing. They both stand as great nature formed 
 them, edged with moss and overhung with boughs; only 
 delicacy has the present year's inhabitants urged to assist 
 nature a little by adding a few more boughs to the bathing 
 part, which are laid in the form of an arch, and wholly 
 conceal such as choose to bathe alone. They have also 
 scooped out the bath into a kind of hollow basin, about six 
 feet long and four feet wide. The water is quite clear, 
 without any floating scum whatever. The bottom is cover- 
 ed by a white sand and small gravel, which makes the 
 place in bare appearance desirable. I could not but wonder 
 at the rising wind. In both springs it ascends continually 
 and at times in large quantities, bubbling up through the 
 sand and breaking with a small noise when it comes to the 
 surface of the water, which is two or three feet deep. I am 
 not qualified by reading or experience to judge for myself 
 or inform others of these springs from any information I 
 can get by being present and seeing and tasting them. 
 I have said the water is quite clear. It has no unusual or 
 unpleasant taste. It is not indeed cold. I think it like 
 some springs which I have seen running without a shade 
 in summer. 
 
 "The water is sensibly soft to the mouth and those who 
 are trying it tell me it may be drunk without injury in great 
 quantities. I drank out of curiosity, near a pint, but it 
 was to me in taste and effect like other common water, and I 
 
55 
 
 feared that a pint would be as much as I would choose to 
 swallow at once. The water must be used some days be- 
 fore the perspiration fully begins. On this account it can- 
 not be used at first in so large a measure as it may be after 
 used. As to the virtue of these waters, the people say it 
 is chiefly in rheumatic cures, violent pains in the limbs 
 and different parts of the bcdy, and some that have been 
 long fixed, the steady use cf these springs has entirely re- 
 covered. Weakness and debility of the system have been 
 much assisted, and in some few cases quite restored. I 
 heard ore perscn say — I will not vouch for the credit of 
 his asserticr— that it is an effectual asylum for all barren 
 women, etc. There are now twenty-two persons professedly 
 indisposed. Seven I tcck from their afraid appearance to 
 be unmarried virgins, two with their husbands, and one 
 of them is very old. A young hag said cf this venerable 
 silver-haired matron that she came filled with the hope cf 
 findirg these springs possessed with the quality to heal 
 eld age. The remaining thirteen were men cf different 
 ages. 
 
 It lecks indeed like an infirmary hospital. Many 
 of them are by no means in health. The most in strong 
 belief at least, are indisposed, or they could not submit 
 to the inconveniences for any length of time which the 
 situation of the place makes necessary. It is quite in the 
 woods, not a single house or any cleared land between it 
 and town. They must carry all their previsions and supply 
 themselves; they live in low cabins built with slabs and 
 boughs and cook their dinners all at one great common 
 fire ; the men for exercise play at quoits, hunt deer, turkeys 
 and pheasants; with their hardships however, they live in 
 friendship and are steadily cheerful, conquering by society 
 the uneasiness of infirmity and labor and making them 
 almost constantly pleasant. 
 
 In a brook at some distance from the springs are 
 many remarkably blue stones; their shape chiefly I admire; 
 every size of these stones is an oblate spheroid, and they 
 are very dense in contexture; some not larger than an 
 
56 
 
 ordinary tea kettle was nearly a load for a common man. 
 On the smooth surface of several of these which people 
 had brought to their cabins and used as seats are inscribed 
 the names in large and initial letters, of great numbers who 
 have been here before. Partaking of the general desire 
 deeply fixed in all the human race for every method of 
 passing down notice of our existance, I also with my spur 
 wrote at full length in italic letters my three names. Having 
 at last, with as much accuracy as possible, viewed and 
 reviewed the whole, I mounted and rode back to town. 
 In this town I parted not without reluctance with an able, 
 steady, useful friend — I mean my horse. Bob Orr, of 
 Kishacoquillas, gave me a small neat black horse of four 
 years old and a half for my old companion " Jack." 
 
 "Having adjusted matters I left town in company with 
 Mr. Clugage, and rode down the river, a stony path, through 
 Jack's Narrows, where the high mountains on each side of 
 the water came down to its very bank. So that in places 
 we were forced to go down on the water's edge. We crossed 
 over the water. 'This is one end of Hell Valley,' said Mr. 
 Clugage to me, as we were jogging along in silence, about 
 ten miles onward is a gap between the hills which is called 
 the Shades of Death. What! are the shadows of death 
 and hell here? Death and hell so easily passed through! 
 Vain man, how daring to make these tremendous subjects 
 so common. We crossed Of wick (Aughwick) Creek and 
 arrived about eight in the evening at Mr. Fowley's who 
 lives within the walls of old Fort Shirley. Distance from 
 town twenty miles. 
 
 "Wednesday, August 23d. — I had almost forgotten to 
 tell the person who shall read these pages a couple of hund- 
 red years hence that there is now standing in a garden at 
 Huntingdon a tall stone column or pillar nearly square, 
 which has given to the town and valley the name of 'Stand- 
 ing Stone Valley.' The column is seven feet above the 
 ground. 
 
 "After breakfast with Mrs. Fowley, a smart, neat, 
 woman (her pewter in the dresser glistened, her wooden 
 
57 
 
 dishes, pails and the like were white and sweet), and after 
 appointing sermon to be here Sunday we rode up Ofwick 
 six miles to Mr. Clugage's. The good little woman received 
 me with great kindness. She looked to be an old woman, very 
 healthy, and indeed florid in her appearance, yet she wears 
 neither shoes nor stockings. It is the custom in these 
 backwoods almost universal to go barefooted. Men in 
 common, I observe, wear moccasins, or Indian shoes. 
 When I had seated myself for a few hours, impatient of 
 confinement, I rambled out. Here are two fine brooks. 
 Near the N. and S. are two high mountains; from them the 
 streams came trickling down. As I was strolling along 
 the water I found two sorts of plums. The one is a red 
 cr streaked plum not yet quite ripe and very tart. The 
 other is by far the best; is a yellow and when rubbed is a 
 bright orange colored plum, now nearly ripe, and very 
 juicy and sweet. Both kinds are nearly of a size, and grew 
 upon a low, scrubby thorny bush. We received intelli- 
 gence that Gen. Gage, in some fit of surprise, has burned 
 down the town of Boston and with all his army gone off. 
 This in my opinion wants confirmation, it came by an un- 
 printed letter. 
 
 Thursday, August 24th.— The weather is wet and very 
 muggy. All the inhabitants in these back settlements 
 are remarkably strong, fresh, and cheerful. I have seen 
 only one, the young man in Northumberland at all indisposed 
 with any kind of fever. With Mr. Clugage, I rode after 
 dinner three miles to the Shades of Death to fish. Ofwick 
 Creek runs between two high mountains. These narrows 
 are overhung with high spruce, elm, ash and interspread 
 with ivy, laurel, etc., which make a dismal gloom. 
 
 "Friday, August 25th.— As I was with eagerness 
 looking through Mr. Dunlap's paper of the 7th, impatient 
 to hear from oppressed Boston, in my hurry of reading I 
 passed over the astonishing sentence, 'Cn Friday, the 
 20th of July, died at his home, in Cohausie, New Jersey, 
 the Rev. Andrew Hunter, A. M., etc' 
 
58 
 
 "I am aided in averting grief by Mrs. Clugage's pathetic 
 sorrow. One of her sons has gone captain of a company 
 of riflemen to Boston, just now gone. Her tears are not 
 yet dried since his departure. She seems to be a woman of 
 sedate, philosophical temper; carries a kind of dignity that 
 is persuasive in her presence. The young gentleman that 
 has gone was a magistrate here and in high reputation. 
 Since his departure another of the good, kind woman's 
 sons has been chosen by company of militia for captain. 
 There are five brothers, all grown and appear to be young 
 men of prudence and understanding. 
 
 "Sunday, August 27th, Shirley. We held sermon in 
 Mr. Fowley's barn. A rainy, stormy day. Many however, 
 were present — fifty or more. On my way to sermon I 
 was met by a message from a poor dying man urging me 
 on that I might converse a little with him before his de- 
 parture—a stranger and here dying. He came to Mr.Fowley's 
 last Thursday on his way to Virginia. He appeared ill 
 when he came in; he was exceedingly ill. He begged the 
 liberty of a bed to rest a while. But, poor youth, it was the 
 bed of death. His disorder was consumption, when I came 
 he was too far wasted to converse. His body, even his 
 head was cold; his legs were much swollen; he was in a deep 
 sweat; his breath, too, was cool and short. He had his 
 understanding in full and I asked some questions, which 
 he answered with calmness and great judgment. He told 
 me he was near his end, and begged that I would remember 
 him in public assembly and recommend him to God's mercy. 
 I summed up to him in the plainest manner, a few of the 
 greatest necessary evidences of union to God by Christ 
 and assured him of the willingness of our great Redeemer 
 "to save to the uttermost." Before the last sermon was 
 finished, poor youth, he expired. This settlement is 
 broken with religious divisions. There is a Baptist 
 Society, now under the direction of Mr. Lane. There is 
 also a Methodist Society, but no stated minister. These, 
 when the whole settlement is not large, makes every society 
 quite inconsiderable in number and power. Good Mrs. 
 
59 
 
 Clugage stayed with Mrs. Fowley to assist in directing the 
 funeral. After sermon I stopped at young Mr. Clugage's 
 and stayed over night. For my supply, one of the hearers, 
 I know not who, gave me twenty shillings. 
 
 "Monday, August 28th. — A damp, muddy, sickly 
 morning, I setout over the rocky path to Loudon. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Turnpikes and Railroads. 
 
 N the 4th of March, 1807, the Legislature ap- 
 pointed commissioners to take stock "for the 
 purpose of making an artificial or turnpike 
 road from Harrisburg through Lewistown and 
 Huntingdon to Pittsburg," and when a sufficient 
 number of shares had been subscribed the 
 Governor was authorized to issue letters creating the sub- 
 scribers a corporation, to be styled: "The president, 
 managers, and company of Harrisburg, Lewistown, Hunting- 
 don and Pittsburg turnpike road." 
 
 The Lewistown and Huntingdon Turnpike Road Company 
 
 was organized and incorporated under the act of March 
 4, 1807, and constructed the road between these two 
 boroughs. The Legislature, in an act passed March 26, 
 1821, making appropriations for the improvement of the 
 roads and streams of the state, authorized the Governor 
 to subscribe for three hundred and forty shares of the stock 
 of this company. 
 
 Railroads. 
 
 The Pennsylvania Railroad. — Various projects for the 
 construction of a railroad across the State from east to 
 west, were discussed from time to time, and surveys of 
 various routes made, but no decisive action was taken 
 until April 13, 1846, when the Pennsylvania Railroad 
 Company was incorporated by act of Legislature, with an 
 organized capital of seven and one-half million dollars. 
 
 In June, 1850, the road, with a single track, was com- 
 

 
 
 
 
 
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61 
 
 pleted to Huntingdon. On Thursday, the 6th, the first 
 locomotive arrived, and on the next day trains ran regularly 
 between this point and Philadelphia. 
 
 The Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain Railway. 
 
 On the 6th of May, 1852, a bill incorporating "The 
 Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain Railroad and Coal 
 Company,' ' received the approval of Governor Bigler. 
 
 On Monday, July 30, 1855, the engine "Beaver" passed 
 over the road for a distance of eight miles, and on the 13th 
 of August, trains commenced to make regular trips daily 
 as far south as to Marklesburg station. By the close of 
 the year the line was open to the bridge at Stonerstown 
 and in February following, the first coal was carried by rail 
 to Huntingdon. 
 
 The East Broad Top Railroad. 
 
 The East Broad Top Railroad and Coal Company 
 was organized under an act approved April 16, 1856. The 
 work of construction was commenced on the 16th of Septem- 
 ber, 1872, and the road opened for business to Orbisonia, 
 a distance of eleven miles from its northern terminus, 
 Mount Union station, on the Pennsylvania Railroad, on 
 the 30th of August, 1873, and to Robertsdale, the southern 
 terminus, on the 4th of November, 1874. 
 
CHAPTER X. 
 
 Formation of Huntingdon County. 
 
 TANDING STONE, afterwards known as Hunt- 
 ingdon, on the Juniata and on the trader's 
 road, became in a few years a point of con- 
 siderable importance. Settlements were made 
 along the river in adjacent valleys. Population 
 in the northern half of Bedford County had 
 to increased as to warrant the inhabitants in demanding 
 from the Assembly the setting off of a new county, and a 
 bill for that purpose was introduced into the Assembly 
 in 1787. "When under consideration, on the 19th of Septem- 
 ber, it was opposed by Messrs. Whitehill, of Cumberland, 
 and' Findlay, of Westmoreland, and advocated by Messrs. 
 D. Clymer, Fitzsimmons, Canan (of Bedford) and G. Clymer. 
 Mr. Findlay failed in an effort to have the measure postponed 
 and on a test vote, reached that day, it was passed by a 
 decided majority. It appeared in the discussions that 
 twelve hundred and fifty of the inhabitants of the pro- 
 posed new county, prayed for its erection, and sixty-nine 
 remonstrated against it. On the next day, September 
 20, the bill was compared and finally enacted. 
 A part of the text of the bill is as follows: 
 "Sec. I. Whereas, It hath been represented to the 
 General Assembly of this state, by the inhabitants of that 
 part of Bedford County which lies on the waters of the 
 Frankstown Branch of Juniata, the lower part of the Rays- 
 town Branch of the same, the Standing Stone Valley, part 
 of Woodcock Valley, the waters of the Aughwick Creek, 
 and other the north-easterly parts of said county of Bedford, 
 that they labor under great hardships from their distance 
 
63 
 
 from the present seat of justice, and the public offices for 
 the said county, now in the town of Bedford; for remedy 
 whereof, 
 
 Sec. II. Be it enacted, etc., That all and singular 
 the lands lying within the bounds and limits, hereinafter 
 described and following, shall be, and are hereby, erected 
 into a separate county, by the name of Huntingdon County; 
 namely, beginning in the line of Bedford and Franklin 
 counties, where the new State road, (by some called Skinners 
 road), leading from Shippensburg to Littleton, crosses the 
 Trscarora Mountain; thence in a straight course or line, 
 to the gap in the Shade mountain, where the road formerly 
 called Potts' road crosses the same, about two miles north 
 of Littleton; thence by a straight line to the old Gap, in 
 Sidling Hill, where Sidling Hill creek crosses the mountain; 
 thence in a straight line by the northerly side of Sebastian 
 Shoub's mill on the Raystown Branch of Juniata; thence on a 
 straight line to the Elk Gap, in Tusseys Mountain, computed 
 to be about nineteen miles above or southwesterly of the 
 town of Huntingdon (formerly called the Standing Stone), 
 and from the Elk Gap in a straight line to the gap at Jacob 
 Stevens' mill, a little below where Woolery's mill formerly 
 stood, in Morrison's cove; thence in a straight line by the 
 southerly side of Blair's mill, at the foot of the Allegheny 
 mountain; thence across the said mountain, in a straight 
 line, to and along the ridges dividing the waters of Cone- 
 maugh from the waters of Clearfield and Chest Creeks, to 
 the lire of Westmoreland county; thence by the same to 
 the old purchase line, which was run from Kittanning to the 
 West Branch of Susquehanna River; and along the said 
 line to the said West Branch and down the same to the 
 mouth of Moshannon Creek, and along the remaining lines 
 or boundaries which now divide the county of Bedford 
 from the counties of Northumberland, Cumberland and 
 Franklin, to the place of beginning." 
 
 The town of Huntingdon, on the river Juniata was 
 f xed upon as the seat of justice for the new county, and 
 Benjamin Elliot, Thomas Duncan Smith, Ludwig &ell, 
 
64 
 
 George Ashman and William McElevy appointed trustees, 
 who, or any three of whom, were authorized to take assur- 
 ance and conveyance of and for the land and grounds pro- 
 posed to be appropriated in said town for the site of a 
 court house and jail. Courts were to be held on the first 
 Tuesday in the months of December, March, June and 
 September. The voters of the county were authorized 
 to choose one representative to serve in the General As- 
 sembly. 
 
 It becomes a matter of some interest at this day, more 
 than a century after the passage of the bill to create this 
 new county, the eighteenth of the commonwealth, to note 
 the views thereon expressed by contemporaneous writers. 
 In "Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser," a leading 
 paper of Philadelphia, in the issue of September 21, 1787, 
 under the heading "General Assembly, Wednesday, Septem- 
 ber 19th' ' the measure was thus treated : 
 
 "The bill for erecting part of Bedford county into a new 
 county which was under consideration yesterday, was re- 
 sumed, when it was argued that it was too late at this time 
 to pass the bill into a law; as it would be impracticable to 
 warn the county against the approaching election. Upon 
 general principles, indeed the bill was thought to be inexpe- 
 dient and premature. It would be the means of increasing 
 the burthens of government by erecting an additional num- 
 ber of representatives, a member for the executive council, 
 and two members for the council of censors; and it would 
 increase the expenses of the county by introducing the 
 necessity of a double pannel of jurors, and all other officers 
 incidental to county establishments, when it was evident 
 that the charges were already as great as could be well 
 borne by the people. It is true twelve hundred and fifty 
 petitioners have solicited the division of this county, but if 
 we could even be assured that these were all taxable in- 
 inhabitants, it would be a number too small to bear the 
 weight of a separate establishment, and smaller than have 
 ever yet prevailed upon the Legislature in so important a 
 measure. We know, however, that petitions are easily 
 
65 
 
 obtained and when the views of a particular district are to 
 be accomplished, we are sure to find a greater number of 
 inhabitants than are ever to be found when a tax is to be 
 levied. Upon the whole, we conceive that we are not 
 bound to comply with every petition that is presented to us 
 but are to judge upon the propriety of the measure pro- 
 posed as it respects the general interests of the common- 
 wealth. If we acquiesce upon this occasion we must be pre- 
 pared to acquiesce with every similar request, and ex- 
 perience will teach us to anticipate an indefinite train of 
 divisions and subdivisions in every county. 
 
 "The friends of the bill observed that it had originated 
 in the first sessions of this house, and if it had been at all 
 disagreeable to the citizens who were to be affected by it, 
 counter petitions would certainly have been presented. 
 But, in truth, it was a measure highly favored by the people 
 snd would be equally advantageous to the State at large 
 and to the particular district comprised within the proposed 
 boundaries to the state, by improving our internal commerce 
 and facilitating our trade with the western countries; to 
 the people (who in some instances were obliged to travel 
 eighty miles to the country town), by bringing the courts 
 of justice nearer to their homes. With respect to the ex- 
 pense incurred by the State upon the division of Counties, 
 that was an evil engendered by the constitution, which 
 ought not to counteract the rights and conveniences of the 
 citizens, and the expense incurred by the county would be 
 counterbalanced by the advantages. It was surely sufficient 
 upon that head that those who were to defray the cost did 
 not object to it, and in the present instance the burthen 
 would be considerably diminished, as Dr. Smith presented 
 a lot of ground for the scite of a court house and gaol, and 
 the greater part of the money necessary to erect these 
 buildings would be furnished by a voluntary subscription. 
 
 "The question being put, the bill was taken up by 
 paragraphs, and after a few amendments in describing the 
 boundaries of the new county, called Huntingdon, it was 
 ordered to be engrossed." 
 
66 
 
 An Act to Alter a Certain Line Between the Counties of 
 Mifflin and Huntingdon, on the River Juniata. 
 
 Sec. I. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of 
 Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 
 in the General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by 
 the authority of the same, that so much of the county of 
 Mifflin as is contained within the following boundaries, shall 
 be and the same is hereby annexed to the county of Hunt- 
 ingdon, that is to say, crossing the river Juniata one hundred 
 and sixty perches below Drakes ferry house, on the northern 
 side of the river Juniata, thence from the bank of the river 
 north one hundred and sixty perches, thence at a right 
 angle to the said line to Jack's mountain, to intersect the 
 present line of Huntingdon county, and the said part of 
 Mifflin county shall thereafter be part of the county of 
 Huntingdon, and be in all respects subject to the jurisdic- 
 tion thereof as fully as if it had been originally part thereof. 
 —Passed 30th March, 1812. 
 
 Early Election Districts. 
 
 At the time of the separation from Bedford county the 
 territory of Huntingdon was embraced in three districts, 
 to wit: The third, fifth, and sixth. The fifth and sixth 
 were divided in the formation of the new county, but the 
 voting place for each fell within its limits. 
 
 The fourth district was formed in 1794, and consisted 
 of the townships of Wocdberry gnd Frankstown and that 
 part of Allegheny township that lies west of the Widow 
 Edington's. The elections were to be held at the store 
 house of Alexander McDowell in Frankstown township. 
 The third district was to comprise Franklin, Tyrone and 
 Morris townships and that part of Allegheny that lies east 
 of the Widow Edington's, and the eleetions were to be held 
 at the house of Capt. Alexander Ramsey in Franklin town- 
 ship. The fifth and sixth districts were formed in 1797. 
 The former embraced Woodberry and Morris townships, 
 and the place of elections fixed at the house of Robert 
 
Smith, in Williamsburg; the latter included all the territory 
 of the county lying between Sidling Hill and Tussey's 
 Mountain and south cf the following bounds to wit: From 
 the path on the summit of said mountain leading from 
 Hartsocks fort, by a straight line to and including John 
 Freate's house; thence by a straight line to Forshey's Gap 
 in Terrace Mountain; thence northward along the summit 
 of said mountain to the wagon road leading from Little 
 Trough Creek to Huntingdon; thence by a straight line 
 so as to include the inhabitants of Little Trough Creek to 
 the summit of Sidling Hill. Isaac Crum's house, on the 
 Raystown Branch, was appointed as the place for holding 
 elections. 
 
 Barree and West townships in 1798 were made the 
 seventh district, and the elections directed to be held at the 
 house of William Murray. That portion of Morris township 
 lying northeast of the Fox Tavern Run was taken from the 
 fifth and cdded to the third district. The eighth district, 
 formed in 1799, was to consist of Shirley township and that 
 part of Springfield lying west of the Black Log Mountain. 
 John Palmer's house in Shirleysburg was named as the 
 voting place. Dublin township, and the remaining part of 
 Springfield was thereafter to form the second district, and 
 the right of suffrage was to be exercised at the house of 
 George Hudson. The ninth district, erected in 1800, con- 
 sisted of that part of the township of Allegheny lying west 
 of the summit of the Allegheny Mountain. Cornelius Mc- 
 Guire's house was named as the voting place. At the same 
 time that portion of the sixth district lying northeastward 
 of the following lines, to wit: Beginning in Forshey's Gap 
 in Terrace Mountain, thence by a straight line to the mouth 
 of Little Trough Creek; thence up Big Trough Creek to 
 Philip Curfman's saw mill; thence by a straight line to the 
 line of the eighth district so as to include the house 
 of Joshua Chilcoat, Jr., was added to the first district, and 
 the elections ordered to be held in the court house in the 
 borough of Huntingdon. A part of West township was also 
 added to the first district, being the part lying south and 
 
68 
 
 west of the following bounds, to wit: Beginning at Tussey's 
 Mountain opposite the head of Nelson's Run, thence down 
 said run to Shaver's Creek; thence up said creek to the road 
 leading from McCormick's mill to the borough of Hunting- 
 don. Thence along said road to the line of Huntingdon 
 township. 
 
CHAPTER XL 
 
 Townships. 
 
 HERE were six original townships wholly or 
 partly within the present limits of Huntingdon 
 County at the time cf its erection in 1787, viz: 
 Barree, Huntingdon, Hopewell, Shirley, Dublin 
 and Tyrone. 
 
 Those six original townships have been 
 divided and subdivided and now number thirty. 
 
 Of the original six, four are still in existence, viz: 
 Barree, Dublin, Hopewell and Shirley. Huntingdon and 
 Tyrone no longer exist in Huntingdon county. 
 
 From Tyrone have been formed Franklin, Morris and 
 Warrior's Mark and part of Spruce Creek. 
 
 From Huntingdon have been formed Henderson, Porter, 
 Walker, Brady, Juniata, part of Oneida, part of Spruce 
 Creek and Smithfield. 
 
 From Barree have been formed West, Jackson and parts 
 of Oneida, Logan and Miller. 
 
 From Shirley have been formed Clay and parts of Spring- 
 field and Cromwell. 
 
 From Hopewell have been formed Union, Tod, Cass, 
 Penn, Carbon, Lincoln and Wood. 
 
 From Dublin have been formed Tell and parts of 
 Springfield and Cromwell. 
 
 The following is a li st of the present townships : 
 Townships. When erected. From 
 
 1. Barree, October, 1767, Original. 
 
 2. Brady, April, 1846, Henderson. 
 
 3. Carbon, April, 1858, Tod. 
 
 4. Cass, January, 1843, Union. 
 
70 
 
 TOWNSHIPS (Continued) 
 
 Townships. 
 
 5. Clay, 
 
 6. Cromwell, 
 
 7. Dublin, 
 
 8. Franklin, 
 
 9. Henderson, 
 
 10. Hopewell, 
 
 11. Jackson, 
 
 12. Juniata, 
 
 13. Lincoln, 
 
 14. Logan, 
 
 15. Miller, 
 
 16. Morris, 
 
 17. Oneida, 
 
 18. Penn, 
 
 19. Porter, 
 
 20. Shirley, 
 
 21. Smithfield, 
 
 When erected. 
 April, 1845 
 January, 1836, 
 October, 1767, 
 March, 1789, 
 
 From 
 Springfield. 
 Shirley & Springfield 
 Original. 
 Tyrone. 
 
 November, 1814, Huntingdon. 
 July, 1773, Original. 
 
 January, 1845, Barree. 
 November, 1856, Walker. 
 August, 1866, Hopewell. 
 
 April, 1878, West. 
 
 May, 1881, Barree. 
 
 August, 1794, Tyrone. 
 August, 1856, West & Henderson. 
 November, 1846, Hopewell. 
 November, 1814, Huntingdon. 
 1779, Original. 
 
 March, 1886, Porter, Walker & 
 
 Juniata. 
 December, 1790, Shirley & Dublin. 
 
 23. Spruce Creek, September, 1895, Morris, Franklin & 
 
 Porter. 
 
 24. Tell, April, 1810, Dublin. 
 
 25. Tod, April, 1838, Union. 
 
 26. Union, June, 1791, Hopewell. 
 
 27. Walker, April, 1827, Porter. 
 
 28. Warriors Mark, 1798, Franklin. 
 
 29. West, April, 1796, Barree. 
 
 30. Wood, March, 1905, Carbon. 
 
 22. Springfield, 
 
CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Court Houses. 
 
 HE first courts of the county were held in the 
 public house of Ludwig Sell, a long two-story 
 log house that stood on the northern side of 
 Allegheny street, on lot No. 7. The property 
 afterwards passed into the possession of Abra- 
 ham Haines,and the lot is now owned by Mrs. J. 
 C. Blair. It is probable that after the completion of the jail 
 and temporary court house on Second street the sessions of 
 the court were held there until the building was burned. 
 On August 22, 1794, Dr. William Smith conveyed to 
 the trustees of the public building a site for the court house 
 in the center of Third street. Among the papers of Andrew 
 Henderson was found the original contract entered into by 
 John Blair on May 19, 1795, for building this Court House 
 for the sum of 1400 pounds (The Pennsylvania pound was 
 worth $2.66 2-3). It is in the form of a bond with Thomas 
 Blair and John Patton as sureties. The following is an 
 extract copy, viz: 
 
 " Know all men by these presents that we, John Blair, 
 of the Town of Huntingdon, Thomas Blair, of the Township 
 of Allegheny, and John Patton, Esq., of the Town of Hunt- 
 ingdon, are held and firmly bound unto Benjamin Elliot, 
 Esq., Lodwick Sell, George Ashman, William McAlevy, 
 Andrew Henderson and Richard Smith, Esquire, Trustees 
 of the public buildings of County of Huntingdon in the State 
 of Pennsylvania, or their successors in said offices, in the 
 just and full sum of Two Thousand Eight Hundred pounds 
 lawful money of Pennsylvania to be paid to the said Benja- 
 min Elliott, George Ashman, Lodwick Sell, William Mc- 
 
72 
 
 Alevy, Andrew Henderson and Richard Smith or their suc- 
 cessors, Trustees as aforesaid, to which payment well and 
 truly to be made we bind ourselves, our heirs, our executors 
 and administrators jointly and severally and every of them. 
 Sealed with our seals. Dated the nineteenth day of May 
 in the year one Thousand seven hundred and ninety-five." 
 
 Then follows the condition of the obligation which is 
 that John Blair shall build a Court House with public 
 offices on Smith street at the place pointed out in the deed 
 from Rev. Dr. Smith for that purpose, agreeably to the 
 plan in the manner thereinafter specified in the time there- 
 inafter agreed upon, then the obligation to be void or else 
 to remain in full force and virtue. 
 
 The Court House was to be built of brick, forty-four 
 feet in length and thirty-six feet wide. The brick were to 
 be inspected by three discreet persons before being built 
 in the walls. A full specification of all the work to be done 
 then follows. The bond concluded as follows, viz : 
 
 "The said building to be completed in the following 
 time, viz : The two lower stories, that is, the offices, entry, 
 cellar and Court Hall to be finished on or before the 1st 
 day of November, 1796, and all the rest of the building on 
 the 1st day of April, 1797, the said Blair receiving eight 
 hundred pounds, part in hand, three hundred in the offices 
 and Court Hall being finished and three hundred pounds 
 the residue, at the time of finishing the building, unless 
 prevented by circumstances fully expressed in an article 
 signed with the said Trustees of even date herewith. 
 
 In testimony whereof we have set our hands and seals 
 the day and year aforesaid. 
 
 JOHN BLAIR [Seal]. 
 JOHN PATTON [Seal]. 
 THOS. BLAIR [Seal], 
 
 Witnesses present at signing: Thos. Whittaker, R. 
 Allison. 
 
 It will be noticed that reference is made in the latter 
 part of the foregoing bond to an article signed with the 
 Trustees. A copy of this agreement signed by the Trustees 
 
REV. WILLIAM SMITH, D. D. 
 
 FIRST PROVOST OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 BORN SEPT. 7, 1727 ; DIED MAY 14, 1803. 
 
 FOUNDER OF THE TOWN OF HUNTINGDON, PENN'A. 
 
73 
 
 has been found with the contract and drawings of the pro- 
 posed building. The Trustees in this agreement with 
 John Blair agreed to pay him the sum of 1400 pounds in 
 the following manner, viz: "The sum of eight hundred 
 pounds, part thereof by an order of the Secretary of this 
 Commonwealth, bearing even date herewith, the sum of 
 300 pounds, part thereof by a like order on the Secretary 
 of this Commonwealth,bearing date the 1st dayof November, 
 1796, and the sum of 300 pounds, the remainder of the 1400 
 pounds by a like order on the Secretary of the Common- 
 wealth the 1st day of April, 1797, when the said John Blair 
 engages to have the said Court House finished." The 
 agreement further provided that the Trustees should not be 
 obliged to draw the two orders for 300 pounds each unless, 
 the Legislature should by law make provision for the same, 
 and in the event of the money not being provided then 
 John Blair was to stop any further work, after the ex- 
 penditure of the 800 pounds, until security should be given 
 him for the payment of the 600 pounds. 
 
 The reason the payment of the 800 pounds was made 
 by order on the Secretary of the Commonwealth was that 
 the Legislature by Act of April 19th, 1794, had granted a 
 loan to our county for this amount for the purpose of erect- 
 ing public buildings, 400 pounds made payable May 1st, 
 1795. The Act also required that the county should refund 
 the same with interest to the State in seven equal yearly 
 installments. 
 
 The brick used in the building were manufactured by 
 Michael Africa, grandfather of Hon. J. Simpson Africa, 
 and the lightning rods by his maternal grandfather, John 
 Simpson, and bore the stamp of his name. 
 
 The records in the prothonotary's office do rot show- 
 when this first Court House was first used, and as the records 
 of the commissioners and treasurer's offices are missing from 
 the years 1795 to 1798, there is nothing to show when the 
 fir.al payments were made. The probability, however, is 
 that the building was first used in 1797. - *»fL: 
 
74 
 
 The account kept by John Blair showing the expenditures 
 on the Court House shows that most of the building was 
 completed before November 15, 1797, but the Court Hall 
 was not finished at that time. It also shows that the 
 amount of expenditures together with the estimates for 
 unfinished work would exceed the contract price by more 
 than 400 pounds. 
 
 The following taken from this account shows the first 
 work done at the court House: 
 
 1795 
 Aug. 5. To 11 days of Wm. Ross digging at C. 
 
 House cellar at 5 shillings £2 15s Od 
 
 To 11 days of Jno. Lindsay at do. 
 
 at 3s. 9 £2 Is 3d 
 
 " To 9 quarts of whiskey used in the 
 
 above work at 5s lis 3d 
 
 £5 7s 6d 
 The account is silent as to the purpose for which the 
 whiskey was used. Perhaps there was a jollification at 
 the breaking of the ground. John Blair lived at No. 617 
 Penn Street in the house now occupied by George Yocum. 
 He was the son of Capt. Thomas Blair, who was a resident 
 of Blair's Gap, Allegheny township (now Blair county) 
 in 1787 at the time of the formation of Huntingdon County. 
 John Blair afterwards moved to Blair's Gap and it was after 
 him the county of Blair was named. He was the great 
 grandfather of George Blair, lately of Huntingdon Furnace. 
 The following copy of the original paper of presentation 
 of the bell by Dr. William Smith, shows conclusively that 
 the Court House had been completed prior to April 5, 1798: 
 
 "Philadelphia, April 5th, 1798. 
 "Received from Dr. William Smith a bell of three 
 hundred and fifty pounds weight, Value one hundred and 
 fifty dollars paid to the bell founder, Samuel Parker, by 
 said Wm. Smith, which bell the said Wm. Smith presents 
 to the borough of Huntingdon, to be transported to the 
 said borough, the expenses of hanging the bell and of 
 
land and water carriage to be paid by Samuel Marshall, 
 esq., agreeably to the direction of the Trustees of the pub- 
 lic buildings and by him to be delivered to the said Trustees 
 and the corporation of the said borough and hung up at the 
 Court House erected in said bcrcugh for the following 
 public uses, that is to say, for the use of the County Courts 
 and other meetings of the borough corporation, the assemb- 
 ling of the dieffrent religious societies in the said borough 
 for public worship on Sundays and other proper occasions; 
 a bell ringer to be appointed by the County Trustees and 
 the corporation of the borough jointly, who shall agree 
 with the bell ringer for his services to the county and 
 borough, and what each religious society shall pay, as the 
 bell ought to be under the care of one trusty person and 
 no other to be allowed to ring the same without his leave 
 and order. Received also from Dr. Smith two small cannon 
 or patteraroes to be presented to the corporation of the 
 borough and to remain under their direction, they paying 
 the said Samuel Marshall the expense of carriage. 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH. 
 SAMUEL MARSHALL." 
 
 On the back of this paper is the following indorsement: 
 "Dr. Smith's present of a bell for Court House: Not ac- 
 cepted except for the use of the county, the Court House 
 being built for that use alone." 
 
 The first permanent structure for the accommodation of 
 the courts and county officers, a substantial brick edifice, 
 was built on Third street, South of Penn, fronting north- 
 ward. Third, then called Smith street was originally ninety 
 feet wide. To afford a sufficient passageway at each end 
 of the structure, seven feet was taken from the lots ad- 
 joining Third street, making the entire width one hundred 
 and four feet and leaving the passage ways about thirty feet 
 each. A yard in the rear, extending toward Allegheny 
 street, was set with trees and enclosed by a fence. A hall 
 ran half-way through the basement story from an entrance 
 en the southern side. From this hallway, a door led to 
 the office of the register and recorder on the east and one to 
 
76 
 
 the office of the prothonotary on the west side. The court 
 room occupied the whole of the second story, and was 
 reached by a flight of a dozen or more steps from the Penn 
 street side. The "bench" was formed by a wooden annex 
 supported by two stout wooden pillars, one standing on 
 each side of the hallway leading to the offices on the lower 
 story. About one-half of the floor area was fenced off for 
 the accommodation of the judges, lawyers, jurors and 
 suitors. In the space allotted to the bar were semi-circular 
 tables, used until 1882,in the Prothonotary' s and Recorder's 
 offices. The room was heated by two immense six plate 
 stoves, cast at the Bedford Furnace at Orbisonia. These 
 were long enough to easily admit a four-foot stick of wood. 
 At the westward side of the door a flight of stairs running 
 westward reached the third story. On the southern side 
 of the hallway were three jury rooms; on the north side and 
 at the end of the hallway were two rooms occupied by the 
 county commissioners. The building was surmounted 
 with a dome, in the ceiling of which was placed a bell used 
 in calling the courts and other assemblages below and it was 
 hung by means of a rope attached to a lever on the bell- 
 shaft. This bell weighed two hundred and fifty-four pounds 
 and bore the following inscription: "Cast by Samuel 
 Parker, Phila., 1798. William Smith* D.D.,to the Borough 
 of Huntingdon, Juniata." 
 
 This building was used as a Court House for a period 
 of 45 years, until 1842 when a new Court House was erected 
 on the present site. 
 
 The old building fell into the possession of the borough 
 authorities who permitted it to be used for religious and 
 public meetings until it was demolished in May, 1848. 
 
 The bell which had been presented by Dr. Smith was 
 then removed to the public school house where it was used 
 for calling the children to school until the frosty morning 
 of Dec. 12, 1861, when it ceased to perform its duties, for 
 on that morning it was cracked in ringing. 
 
 The original papers relating to this court House have 
 been filed by Mr. R. A. Orbison, in the office of the county 
 
commissioners, where it is hoped they will' be preserved for 
 future generations. 
 
 By 1839, the population and wealth of the county had 
 so increased as to justify the erection of a new building 
 better proportioned to the business of the courts and the 
 necessities of the public offices. A location on Penn Street 
 near Fifth, was proposed, but the county authorities finally 
 decided to locate upon a plot two hundred feet square, 
 being lots 31, 32, 33, and 34, extending from Penn to Wash- 
 ington Street, east of Third Street. 
 
 John Cadwallader, an early and prominent member 
 of the bar, owned and resided on the last three lots. Stephen 
 Drury, a clock and mathematical instrument maker, owned 
 lot No. 31. On the 6th of August, 1793, in the days of the 
 State loan, Cadwallader executed a mortgage to the com- 
 missioners of the county for the use of the commonwealth 
 on his lots for three hundred dollars. In 1839 the Legisla- 
 ture passed a resolution, which was approved by Governor 
 Porter on the 25th day of June in that year transferring 
 the lien, right, title, and claim of the commonwealth of 
 "in,. and to" the lots under the mortgages to the "County 
 of Huntingdon for the use and purpose of building by said 
 county of a court house and other necessary buildings for 
 the said county, therewith and thereon, and for such other 
 uses as the commissioners of said county shall hereafter 
 determine.' ' A writ of scire facias had been issued on the 
 Cadwallader mortgage in 1810, and judgment obtained, 
 which had been revived at various times before the transfer 
 to the county. It was again revived in 1839, when the debt 
 amounted to one thousand nine hundred and forty-three 
 dollars and twenty-five cents. The lots were then sold 
 at Sheriff's Sale, and bought by the county commissioners 
 for one thousand dollars. A scire facias was issued on the 
 Drury mortgage in the same year and judgment obtained 
 for three hundred and twenty-five dollars and fifty cents, 
 on which the lot was sold, and bought by the commission- 
 ers. A court house was erected upon these lots, the front 
 line being in the rear of the Cadwallader mansion which 
 
78 
 
 was used by the carpenters during the progress of the new 
 building, as a workshop. This building, two stories in 
 height, completed and occupied in August, 1842, was con- 
 structed in the shape of a T and had a court room and offices 
 for the prothonotary and register and recorder on the 
 lower floor, the offices being in the wings. The commis- 
 sioners' office was on the second floor, immediately over 
 the recorder's office and the grand jury room over the pro- 
 thonotary's office. Other rooms on the second floor were 
 appropriated to the use of the treasurer, sheriff, county 
 surveyor, and traverse juries. James and Robert Stitt 
 were the contractors. Most of the bricks used in the 
 construction of the building were made and burned on 
 the grounds. 
 
 The subject of enlarging and modernizing the court 
 house and providing greater security for the county records 
 had been discussed for several years and several times was 
 included in the recommendations of the grand inquest. 
 At November session 1881, on a petition presented to the 
 court and referred to the grand jury the following present- 
 ment was made: 
 
 "The Grand Inquest of the Commonwealth of Penn- 
 sylvania, inquiring for the county of Huntingdon, upon 
 their respective oaths and affirmations, do present, That 
 the building now used as a court house is deficient in the 
 following particulars : 
 
 1st. The court room is entirely too small to properly 
 accommodate suitors, witnesses, jurymen, and the pub- 
 lic, and is poorly lighted and ventilated. 
 
 2d. The arrangement of the bench, witness stand, the 
 bar, and jury boxes is very inconvenient. 
 
 3d. The offices of the Prothonotary and Register 
 and Recorder, and the vaults connected therewith, are 
 too small, and deemed insecure. 
 
 4th. The offices of the Sheriff ■, Treasurer, and Com- 
 missioners are not properly arranged for the use of the 
 officers and the public. 
 
79 
 
 5th. Witness-rooms, jury-rooms, and convenient out 
 buildings are deemed a public necessity. 
 
 "It is believed in view of the above facts, and to secure 
 the speedy and proper administration of justice, and the 
 preservation of the public records, that such changes, by 
 repair, enlargement, and building of additions, be made as 
 may be deemed necessary to relieve the above stated ob- 
 jections, and they do so recommend. 
 
 "D. CLARKSON, Foreman." 
 
 The report was indorsed by the grand jury at January 
 sessions, 1882, and concurred in by the court. Of the sev- 
 eral plans submitted, the commissioners adopted one pre- 
 pared by M. E. Beebe, of Buffalo, N. Y. At the letting 
 six bids were received, ranging from $71,300 to $93,140.50. 
 The contract was awarded to Henry Snare & Co. at the 
 first mentioned sum. Temporary quarters for the pub- 
 lic offices were provided in the Morrison House, northeast 
 corner of Third and Allegheny Streets, in the month of 
 June, and the work of removing the old building com- 
 menced and the present court house was completed in 1883. 
 
CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 Jails. 
 
 HE act erecting Huntingdon County authorized 
 the commissioners to raise by taxation a sum 
 of money not exceeding £200 ($533.33), to be 
 put into the hands of the trustees named in 
 the law, for the purpose of building and finish- 
 ing a court house and jail. This sum, together 
 with about £200 more, chiefly subscribed by the inhabit- 
 ants of the town, making an aggregate sum of $1066.66, 
 was expended by the trustees in building a substantial 
 house as a permanent jail, with provision for a temporary 
 Court House over the same. It was erected en let No. 41, 
 donated for the purpose by William Smith, D. D., located 
 on the eastern side of Second Street, being the ground now 
 occupied by the eastern extension of Penn Street. Be- 
 fore it was fully completed, it took fire and was destroyed. 
 A prisoner, confined therein, was with some difficulty rescued 
 from the flames. The trustees representing to the Gen- 
 eral Assembly that they were under the necessity of con- 
 tracting a considerable debt for erecting a new stone jail, 
 capable of further enlargement as occasion may require, 
 by an act passed April 19, 1794, the Governor was author- 
 ized to loan to the trustees the sum of £800 ($2133.33) 
 for that purpose, and the commissioners were empowered 
 and required to levy and collect by taxation a sufficient 
 amount annually so as to repay the loan and interest in 
 seven yearly installments. The act of March 9, 1796, 
 authorized the commissioners to levy the further sum of 
 £600 ($1600) for " erecting and completing the public 
 buildings." 
 
81 
 
 A second prison, constructed of stone, was erected in 
 Third Street, near the southern line of Church Street. 
 This building served its purpose for over 30 years. 
 Some years thereafter, a new and third jail was 
 erected and the center of Third and the northern 
 line of Mifflin was preferred by the county authorities as a 
 site, by reason of its being in full view of the court house, 
 which then stood in the same street below Penn, fronting 
 northward. Although some kind of consent had been ob- 
 tained from the citizens of the borough for the occupancy 
 of a part of the public street by the old structure, the com- 
 missioners were unwilling to commence the erection of a 
 new building en the ground proposed, without the formal 
 approval of the citizens and authorities of the borough, 
 and accordingly presented their request to the Burgesses 
 and Town Council. At a meeting of that bedy held Feb. 
 20, 1827, it was "moved by Mr. Miles, seconded by Mr. 
 McCahan, that a committee be appointed to inquire into 
 the expediency of granting the privilege to the county 
 commissioners cf building a jail on Smith (now Third) 
 Street. Whereupon, Messers. Jackson, Vantries, and Whit- 
 taker were appointed for that purpose and make report at 
 next meeting." At the next meeting held March 3, 1827, 
 the committee reported that citizens had almost unanimous- 
 ly testified their approbation of granting the desired privi- 
 lege as is provided by a paper signed by the said citizens 
 and filed with the report, and presented the following resolu- 
 tion: 
 
 "Resolved, By the Burgesses and Town Council afore- 
 said, that the consent and approbation of the said Burg- 
 esses and Town Council are hereby given to the said com- 
 missioners to build a county jail at the place and on the 
 ground above described, so far as the corporation is concern- 
 ed or is enabled to do by the powers invested in them." 
 
 The petition bears the name of eighty-eight citizens. 
 
 This building was completed in 1829; enlarged in 1840 
 and is still in use. 
 
CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 Military — French and Indian War. 
 
 N the military service of the province, before the 
 Declaration of Independence, there were a 
 number of officers connected with the territory 
 now composing Huntingdon County, either 
 as residents for a time, cr as owners cf land 
 therein. Of these may be named — 
 
 1755 Capt George Croghan, ''at Aughwick." 
 
 Capt. Dr. Mercer "at Fort Shirley.' ' 
 
 1756 First Battalion, Lieut. Hugh Crawford. 
 
 Second Battalion, Capt.Hugh Mercer, wounded in 
 Armstrong's expedition to Kittanning 
 
 Second Battalion. Capt Edward Ward (was in 
 Kittanning Expedition). 
 
 Third Battalion, Lieut. Asher Clayton, of Captain 
 Salter's company, afterwards promoted to ad- 
 jutant. 
 
 GOVERNOR DENNY'S COMMAND. 
 
 1757. Dec. 1, Clayton became captain lieutenant of the 
 
 provincial forces. 
 Dec. 4, Hugh Mercer, Capt.; Thomas Smallman 
 
 Lieut.; Hugh Crawford, ensign cf Hamilton's 
 
 Company. 
 Dec. 13, Edward Ward, Capt. 
 
 1758. Jan. 10, William McAlevy, enlisted as private in 
 
 Capt. James Patterson's company. 
 In the Pennsylvania regiment, consisting of three 
 battalions, commanded by Lieutenant Governor Denny 
 as Colonel-in-chief. 
 
THE PENNSYLVANIA REGIMENT. 
 
 FIRST BATTALION. 
 
 1758. May 5, Thomas Smallman, q. m. 
 
 1757. Dec. 4, Hugh Mercer, Capt. 
 
 1758. March 11, Hugh Crawford, ensign of Hamilton's 
 
 company. 
 
 1757. Dec. 13, Edward Ward, Capt. 1759, April 26, Maj. 
 
 of Third Battalion. 
 
 SECOND BATTALION. 
 
 1758. Jan. 9, Asher Clayton, Capt. q. m. June 8th ; wounded 
 
 at Grant's defeat near Fort Du Quesne, September 
 14th. 
 
 1759. March, Thomas Smallman (from first Battalion) . 
 1763. July 2, Asher Clayton, Capt. 1764, July 2, Lieut. 
 
 Col. commandant. 
 July 19, John Brady, Capt. 
 July 20, John Piper, Lieut. 
 
 THIRD BATTALION. 
 
 1758. May 29, Hugh Mercer, Col. 
 
 1759. April 23, Hugh Mercer, Col. 
 
 In 1760, April 12th, Asher Clayton was Major of the 
 First Battalion; April 13th, Hugh Mercer, Colonel and 
 Thomas Smallman, Major of the Second Battalion. 
 
 In August, 1764, the regiment mustered 912 men. 
 Lieut. Col. Clayton's company contained 47, and Capt. 
 John Brady's 48. 
 
CHAPTER XV. 
 
 Military — The Revolution. 
 
 HE oppressions and exactions of the mother- 
 country were becoming more and more odious to 
 the people, and were acting as educators to pre- 
 pare the colonists for the impending contest, 
 which, under Providence, was to result in their 
 emancipation from foreign rule. At a meeting of 
 deputies chosen by the people of the several counties, held 
 at Philadelphia, July 15, 1774, in which Bedford County was 
 represented by George Woods, the Boston Port bill and 
 other Parliamentary measures affecting the people of the 
 colonies were denounced, and a congress of deputies from 
 the colonies to consult together and adopt some measures 
 for the relief of the grievances recommended. In the 
 Assembly, June 30, 1775, it was resolved "That this House 
 approves the association entered into by the good people 
 of this colony for the defense of their lives, liberties, and 
 property." A Committee of Safety, consisting of twenty- 
 five citizens, was appointed and authorized to call into ac- 
 tive service such number of the ' associators' ' as they may 
 deem proper. Organizations of "associators" were form- 
 ed in most, if not all, the counties. The committee organiz- 
 ed July 3d by the choice of Benjamin Franklin, president. 
 Congress, July 18th, recommended that all able bodied 
 effective men between sixteen and fifty years of age should 
 immediately form themselves into companies of militia 
 to consist of one captain, two lieutenants, one ensign, four 
 sergeants, four corporals, one clerk, one drummer, one 
 fifer, and about sixty-eight privates. The companies to be 
 formed into regiments or battalions, officered with a colonel, 
 
85 
 
 lieutenant-colonel, two majors, and an adjutant or quarter- 
 master. All officers above the rank of captain to be ap- 
 pointed by the provincial authorities. 
 
 Congress, June 14, 1775, authorized the raising of six 
 companies of expert riflemen in Pennsylvania, two in 
 Maryland, and two in Virginia to join the army near Boston. 
 On the 22d the "Colony of Pennsylvania" was directed to 
 raise two more companies making eight in all, which were 
 to be formed into a battalion. Lancaster County furnished 
 two companies instead of one, and thus the battalion which 
 was commanded by Col. William Thompson, was swollen 
 to nine companies. Besides the companies from Lancaster 
 there were two from Cumberland, and one from each of 
 the counties of York, Northumberland, Bedford, Berks, 
 and Northampton. This command passed the Hudson 
 above West Point about the 1st of August, and a few days 
 thereafter reached Cambridge. Thacher in his "Military 
 Journal of the Revolution" under date of August, 1775, 
 thus describes this battalion: "They are remarkably 
 stout and hardy men, many of them exceeding six feet in 
 height. They are dressed in white frocks or rifle-shirts 
 and round hats. These men are remarkable for the ac- 
 curacy of their aim, striking a mark with great certainty 
 at two hundred yard's distance. At a review, a company 
 of them, while on a quick advance, fired their balls into 
 objects of seven inches diameter at the distance of two 
 hundred and fifty yards. They are now stationed in our 
 lines, and their shot have frequently proved fatal to British 
 officers and soldiers who expose themselves to view, even 
 at more than double the distance of common musket shot." 
 
 By a return made at Cambridge on the 18th of August, 
 three field officers, nine captains, twenty-seven lieutenants, 
 the adjutant, quartermaster, surgeon, and mate, twenty- 
 nine sergeants, thirteen drummers and fifers, and seven 
 hundred and thirteen rank and file were present fit for duty. 
 This battalion was designated the Second Regiment (and 
 after Jan. 1, 1776, the First Regiment) "of the army of 
 the United Colonies, commanded by His Excellency George 
 
86 
 
 Washington, Esquire, general and commander-in-chief.'' 
 Two of the companies — one from Lancaster and one from 
 Cumberland — were ordered to join the detachment sent 
 under Arnold to Quebec. The battalion was stationed on 
 Prospect Hill, and subsequently on Cobble Hill. At first 
 it was under the command of Gen. Lee, but subsequently 
 became a part of Gen. Putman's department. The British 
 abandoned Boston March 17th, and soon after the regi- 
 ment, under Lieut. Col. Hand, marched to New York, 
 and was stationed at New Utrecht during May and June. 
 The term of enlistment was for one year, and would soon 
 expire. Washington wrote tha president of Congress on 
 the 22d of. April from New York — 
 
 "The time for which the riflemen enlisted will expire 
 on the 1st of July next, and as the loss of such a valuable 
 and brave body of men will be of great injury to the service, 
 I would submit it to the consideration of Congress whether 
 it would not be best to adopt some method to induce them 
 to continue. They are, indeed, a very useful corps, but I 
 need not mention this as their importance is already known 
 to the Congress." 
 
 On the 1st day of July this body entered its second 
 term of service as the "First Pennsylvania Regiment" 
 of the Continental line. The enlistment was for two years, 
 but was subsequently changed to "during the war." Col. 
 Hand wrote to Washington, asking him to recommend to 
 Congress the appointment of a major for his regiment, 
 and for his information named his captains according 
 to rank as follows: Robert Cluggage, Matthew Smith, 
 James Ross, Henry Miller, Charles Craig, James Grier, 
 David Harris, James Parr, James Hamilton. On the 25th 
 of September Congress appointed James Ross, the third 
 captain, to the position of major. Clugage and Smith, 
 learning that a junior captain had been appointed over 
 them, resigned on the 6th of October. Capt. Clugage's 
 dignified resignation, which is accompanied with hearty 
 wishes for the success of the cause, will be found in "Force's 
 Archives," 5th ser., Vol. ii, page 921. This regiment par- 
 
ticpated in various battles during the continuance of the 
 war up to its close. 
 
 ROLL OF CAPT. ROBERT CLUGAGE'S COMPANY. 
 Captain, Robert Clugage; First Lieutenant, John Holi- 
 day, commissioned July 25, 1775; Second Lieutenants, 
 Robert McKenzie (died Feb. 12, 1776), Benjamin Burd 
 from Third Lieutenant; Third Lieutenant, Benjamin Burd, 
 October, 1775, promoted second lieutenant; Sergeants, James 
 Holliday, Daniel Stoy, Qierinus Meriner, David Wright; 
 Corporals, Augus McDonald, Joseph KcKenzie, William 
 Lee, Aquila White; Drummer, Timothy Sullivan. 
 
 Anderson, Adam. 
 Beckey, Philip. 
 Bowman, John. 
 Broughdon, Thaddeus, 
 Brown, Thomas. 
 Bruner, George. 
 Campbell, John. 
 Casek, Thomas. 
 Cessna, Stephen. 
 Clark, Patrick. 
 Conner, Philip. 
 Carrowan, James. 
 Craig, Joshua. 
 Crips, John. 
 Crugen, Alexander. 
 Cunningham, Thomas. 
 Curran, James. 
 Davis, John. 
 Dilling, Cornelius, 
 Donelin, William. 
 Dougherty, Matthew. 
 Dowling, Lawrence. 
 Franks, Daniel. 
 Freeman, George. 
 Garrett, Amariah. 
 
 PRIVATES. 
 
 Gemberland, Daniel. 
 Gillepsy, Reuben. 
 Hardister, Richard. 
 Hanning, Conrad. 
 Jamison, Francis. 
 Johnston, Andrew. 
 Judry, Matthias. 
 Kelly, John. 
 King, Peter. 
 Knight, James. 
 Laird, William. 
 Lenning, Charles. 
 Leonard, Robert. 
 Lesley, John. 
 McCartney, Henry. 
 McClain, Daniel. 
 McCune, John. 
 McDonald, John. 
 McDonald, Patrick. 
 McFarlane, Thomas. 
 Magee, Thomas. 
 Mangum, Daniel. 
 Miller, Michael. 
 Piatt, Robert. 
 Pitts, John. 
 
PRIVATES (Continued). 
 Plumb, Samuel. Turmoil James. 
 
 Reynolds, Martin. Tweed, Andrew. 
 
 Rhoads, Daniel. Vanzant, James. 
 
 Ritchie, Philip. Vanderslice, Daniel. 
 
 Shehan, Thomas. Vaughn, Thomas. 
 
 Shives, Francis. Wilson, Alexander. 
 
 Simonton, Alexander. Whitman, Gecrge. 
 
 Smith, Emanuel. Woodward, Samuel. 
 
 Smith, Henry. Wallace, Samuel. 
 
 Stoy, Daniel. Walker, Solomon. 
 
 Stuart, John. . Warford, James. 
 
 Taylor, Jonathan. • Ward, Thomas. 
 
 Thompson, John, 
 
 Besides those whcse names appear in the above lists, 
 there were many other persons residing in ".Old Hunting- 
 don" who participated in the Revolutionary struggle. 
 Some enlisted here and never returned; ethers jcined com- 
 mands raised elsewhere, and became citizens here after- 
 wards. Of the latter, those named below were residents 
 in 1820, and applied fcr pensions under the act cf Congress 
 passed March 18, 1818: 
 
 1. John Hutchinson, enlisted in 1776, in Capt. Farrs 
 company, 1st Pa. Reg't. ; wounded at Long Island and 
 Paoli; discharged January, 1781. 
 
 2. John Boyle, aged 69; served two years in Capt. Wil- 
 liam Cross' company and two years in Capt. Benja- 
 min Fishbourne's company, 4th Pa. Reg't. 
 
 3. Robert Dunkin, aged 65; enlisted for the war in Capt. 
 Bette's company, 7th Md. Regt. 
 
 4. John Treese, enlisted April 20, 1776, in Capt. Henry 
 Shade's company of Col. Miles' Pa. Rifle Reg't.; 
 served one year and nine months. 
 
 5. Alexander Campbell, aged 73; served three years 
 in Capt. Thomas Rabarg's company, in Col. James 
 Malcolm's regiment of the New York line. 
 
 6. Alexander King, aged 68; enlisted in 1776 in Capt. 
 Henry Darby's company of Col. Haslett's Del. Reg't. 
 
89 
 
 and served one year; re-enlisted Feb. 1, 1777, in Capt 
 Fishbourne's company, 4th Pa. Reg't., discharged 
 Jan., 1781. 
 
 7. Joseph Geddes, aged 75; enlisted Jan. 20, 1776, in 
 Capt. David Grier's company, 6th Pa. Batt. 
 
 8. Adam Smith, second lieutenant of Capt. William 
 Hyser's company of the German regiment; enlisted 
 in 1776, and served sixteen months. 
 
 9. Martin Clabbaugh, aged 77, enlisted in 1775; was at 
 Boston; was in Capt. Cresap's company of Maryland. 
 
 10. Henry Clemens, Warriors Mark township, aged 62; 
 enlisted in Capt. James Maxwell's company, Col. 
 Shreeve's regiment New Jersey line; was in the battle 
 of Short Hills; taken prisoner at Germantown; ex- 
 changed at New York and rejoined his corrpany; 
 drafted to go out after the Indians in Capt Bow- 
 man's company, under Gen. Sullivan ; discharged after 
 the war. 
 
 11. Michael Fink, aged 63; enlisted for three years in 
 Capt. John Bankson's company, 2d Pa. Reg't., dis- 
 charged January, 1781. 
 
 12. Peter Fleck, aged 65; enlisted Jan. 8, 1776, in Capt. 
 
 Thomas Craig's company, 2d Pa. Batt; wounded. 
 
 13. William Newell, aged 66. Served three years in 
 
 Capt. Harris' company, called the "Delaware Blues," 
 Pennsylvania line. 
 
 14. Adam Stonebraker, aged 70; Franklin township 
 
 enlisted at Hagerstown in Capt. William Heyser's 
 company of the German regiment; died Nov. 1, 1827. 
 
 15. Jacob Moyer, aged 62; enlisted in 1777 in Capt. Henry 
 
 Bicker's company, 4th Pa. Reg't., discharged 1782. 
 
 16. William Andrew McMannes, enlisted in Hagerstown 
 
 February, 1776, in Capt. James Nelson's company, 
 1st Md. Reg't, discharged in New York Feb. 20, 1777. 
 
 17. John Irvine, enlisted in 1775; served one year under 
 
 Anthony Wayne in 4th Pa. Batt., and three years in 
 5th Pa. Reg't. ; in 1835 was aged 84. 
 
90 
 
 18. Peter Ox, aged 55; enlisted in 1782 in Capt. Van 
 
 Hair's company. 
 
 19. Andrew Sands, aged 66; Dublin township, enlisted 
 
 June 7, 1777, in Capt. John Holliday's company 
 1st Pa. Reg't.; discharged Aug. 13, 1783. Was in 
 the battles of Brandywine, Paoli, Germantown, 
 Monmouth, Stony Point, at the siege cf Yorktown 
 when Cornwallis was taken, at the Green Spring, 
 and in Sundry skirmishes. 
 
 20. James Gray, aged 65, enlisted 1776 in Capt. Joseph 
 
 Steadham's company of Delaware Blues. 
 
 21. John Hamilton, aged 74; served three years ard seven 
 
 months, three years of this time in Capt. John 
 Palmer's company of the German Regiment. 
 
 22. James Dunkin, aged 67, enlisted for three years in 
 
 Capt. Wm. Heiser's company of the German Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 23. James Steed, chair-maker, aged 80; enlisted in Capt. 
 
 Richard Brown's company of Col. Miles' Pa. Rifle 
 Reg't.; discharged July 11, 1776; re-enlisted in Capt. 
 James Francis Moore's company cf the 13th Pa. 
 Reg't and was transferred to the 2d Reg't ard 
 was discharged November, 1781. Was in the battles 
 of Long Island, White Plains, Trentcn, Brandywine 
 and Germantown. 
 
 24. John Holliday, enlisted as a lieutenant in Capt 
 
 Clugage's company. (See above). 
 
 25. Peter Bucker, Franklin Township, aged 63; went out 
 
 in militia under Col. Joseph Heister, and after- 
 wards was in Capt. Richard Findley's company, 
 6th Pa. Reg't, and served three years; was in the 
 battles of Brandywine and Germantown. 
 
 26. Andrew McPherran, aged 62 ; enlisted in Capt. Thomas 
 
 Church's company of the 4th Pa. Battalion, and 
 subsequently attached to the 5th Pa. Reg't.; served 
 five years. 
 
 27. Thomas Smith, Barree township, aged 62 in 1818. 
 
 His declaration reads: Enlisted with Capt. Thomas 
 
91 
 
 Templeton; taken prisoner at the battle of Fort 
 Freeling, and suffered three years' imprisonment. 
 Col. John Murray commanded the regiment (2d Pa?). 
 
 28. Leonard Topps, gged 60; enlisted fcr three years; 
 
 was in Capt. Hetrick's Company cf Col. Hampton's 
 regiment. He was living in 1835. 
 
 29. Rev. Deitrich Ourhand (Aurandt) aged 60 in 1818. 
 
 Enlisted by Lieut. Jacob Snyder, 13th Pa. Reg't, 
 Col. Walter Stewart, and after the battle of Mon- 
 mouth transferred to Captain John Bankson's 
 company in the 2d reg't; discharged January, 1781. 
 
 30. Samuel Lewis, Franklin township, aged 79; served 
 
 six years and four months; discharged at Carlisle, 
 Sept. 27, 1783. He was still living in 1835. 
 
 31. Isaac Rosebrough, blacksmith, aged 68 in 1823; en- 
 
 listed in 1776 in Capt. James Moore's company, 
 4th Pa. Battalion. 
 
 32. David Nicholson, tailor, aged 65 in 1823; enlisted in 
 
 the spring of 1776 in Capt. James Dunn's company, 
 Del. Reg't; re-enlisted in Capt. Robert Kirkwood's 
 company for one year. Was in the battles of Trenton 
 and Princeton, and in several small engagements 
 with the enemy. 
 The remains of four of the soldiers named in the pre- 
 ceding list, to wit: Alexander King, John Irvine, James 
 Duncan, and Martin Clabaugh, who died June 15, 1822, 
 aged about eighty, rest in the Huntingdon cemetery. It is 
 also the place of interment of other Revolutionary soldiers, 
 to wit: 
 
 Conrad Frederick Kurtz, who died Feb. 17, 1805. 
 John Simpson, who died Jan. 27, 1807, aged about 60 
 years; was commissioned Aug. 15, 1775, Second Lieutenant 
 of Capt. James Murray's company in the 4th Battalion of 
 Lancaster County. Served in 1776 and 1777 in the Con- 
 tinental army. 
 
 Maj. William Henderson, who died Sept. 9, 1811, in 
 his 56th year, was taken prisoner at the battle of Long 
 Island, Aug. 28, 1776, and after a confinement of five months 
 
92 
 
 in a British prison-ship was exchanged, and immediately 
 rejoined the army and served to the end of the war. 
 
 John Dorland, who died Aug. 9, 1813. 
 
 Andrew Henderson, who died June 21, 1812, in his 
 51st year; at the age of 17 he was appointed an officer, and 
 served until the close of the war. 
 
CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 Military-War of 1812. 
 
 N Monday, May 4, 1812, the " Huntingdon Volun- 
 teers" a volunteer company officered by Robert 
 Allison, Captain, and Jacob Miller First Lieuten- 
 ant, voted unanimously to tender their services 
 to the President in the then impending war with 
 Great Britain, more than a month in advance of 
 the formal declaration of war, which was issued June 18th. 
 The tender was accepted, and on Monday, September 7th, 
 the company marched from Huntingdon to Niagara via. 
 Petersburg, Spruce Creek Valley,and Bellefonte, and reached 
 Buffalo on the 2d of October. 
 
 Governor Snyder, by general orders dated May 12th, 
 directed a draft, in the manner prescribed by law of fourteen 
 thousand militia, to be formed into two divisions, four 
 brigades, and twenty-two regiments. The quota of the 
 Eleventh Division, Huntingdon, Mifflin, and Center Coun- 
 ties, was as follows: 
 
 First Brigade. — Artillery 13 
 
 Cavalry 13 
 
 Infantry and rifle corps 229 
 
 255 
 
 Second Brigade. — Artillery 21 
 
 Cavalry 21 
 
 Infantry and rifle corps ;■. 389 
 
 431 
 
 On the 9th of June, Moses Canan, captain of "The 
 
 Juniata Volunteers," a light infantry company shortly 
 
94 
 
 before organized at Alexandria, and attached to the One 
 Hundred and Nineteenth Regiment, tendered the services 
 of the company to the Governor, and some time later, 
 Isaac Vandevander, captain of a rifle company at Mc- 
 Connellstown, and Jacob Vanderbelt, also a captain of a 
 rifle company, also tendered the services of their respective 
 commands. The Governor, in general orders, dated re- 
 spectively August 25th and September 5th, accepted these 
 companies. The companies of Capts. Canan and Vande- 
 vander marched from Alexandria to Meadville, Friday, 
 September 11th. 
 
 The rolls of two of the drafted companies from Hunt- 
 ingdon County, as they stood in Nov. 1813, are as follows: 
 
 Captain, William Morris. 
 
 Lieutenants, Daniel Weaver, William Isgrig, Cornelius 
 Crum, resigned June 5th; John Mcllroy prcmoted from 
 ensign June 5th. 
 
 Ensign, William Love, promoted from sergeant June 5. 
 
 Sergeants, Alexander Cresswell, pro. ord. serg't June 
 5; disch. Nov. 5. Henry Newingham; John Stratton, disch. 
 Nov. 5; Joseph Metzbaugh; William Wilson, pro. from corp. 
 June 5; John Brotherland, pro. from corp. June 30; Joseph 
 Eckley, pro. from corp. Sept. 5. 
 
 Corporals, Samuel Hollinshead, disch. Nov. 5; John 
 McNamara, disch. Nov. 5; John B. Riddle, disch. Oct. 13; 
 John Mack, pro. from private June 5; Benj. Scott, promoted 
 from private June 5; John Galbraith pro.from private Sept 5. 
 
 PRIVATES. 
 Ellsworth, Samuel. McGiffin, Samuel. 
 
 Kelly, William. Flenner, Jonathan. 
 
 Gutrie, William. Strong, Daniel. 
 
 McCammon, John. McKeehan, Samuel. 
 
 Dean, George. Burns, Isaac. 
 
 Ewing, David. Kimberlin, Henry 
 
 Dearmet, William. Duncan, Daniel, disch. Oct. 13 
 
 Thompson, Matthew. Nelson, William. 
 
 Shoup, George. Walls, Jacob. 
 
 Fagin, Asaph, disch. Oct. 13. Cornelius, Jacob. 
 
95 
 
 PRIVATES (Continued). 
 Weston, Joseph. Bingham, John. 
 
 Wilson, George. 
 Wharton, Samuel. 
 Shaw, James. 
 Bolinger, Jacob. 
 Long, John, disch. Oct. 13. 
 Black, Robert. 
 Dun, John, disch. Sept. 15. 
 
 Williamson, Hugh. 
 David, William. 
 Clark, Samuel. 
 Griffin, John. 
 Irwin, Samuel. 
 Forsley, Thomas. 
 Kint, Nicholas. 
 
 Stewart, William, died Nov. 5. Fleming, John, July 16. 
 
 Thompson, Rees. 
 
 Getties, Robert. 
 
 McKeehan, David, died 15th 
 
 Swetchal, Jacob. 
 
 Shade, George. 
 
 Larrimore, Thomas. 
 
 Bowerocck, Jacob. 
 
 Camberlin, John. 
 
 Hyte, James, disch. Oct. 13. 
 
 Fitzmons, Henry. 
 
 Long, Henry. 
 
 Glen, James, disch. Oct. 13. 
 
 Bingham, Hugh. 
 
 Lightner, Matthias. 
 
 Scott, John. 
 
 Hewet, Henry. 
 
 Logan, Robert. 
 
 Johnson, Hugh, disch. Oct. 
 
 King, Patrick. 
 
 Swartz, Michael. 
 
 Ralston, Thomas. 
 Rickets, Hezekiah.'" 
 Booth, Thomas, disch Aug. 18 
 Clabaugh, Henry. 
 Taylor, William Wilson. 
 Hanen, William, disch. 
 Smice, John. 
 Campbell, Hugh. 
 Rudy, Daniel, disch. Oct. 13. 
 Moorehead, Samuel." 
 Stewart, James, disch. 
 Hollis, William, disch Nov. 15 
 Dougherty, Edward. 
 Clemens, Robert. 
 Stewart, John, disch. Oct. 13 
 Hawkenbery, Adam, July 16 
 Baugher, Henry. 
 Lennox, John. 
 Gooshorn, Samuel. 
 Shorthill, Thomas. 
 
 Johnson, Anthony, on furlough till the end of term. 
 
 Johnston, Thomas, died May 29. 
 
 Grady George, volunteered on board, Aug. 11. 
 
 "I certify, on honor that the within pay-roll is just and 
 true, and the remarks set opposite the men's names are 
 correct, to the best of my knowledge. 
 
 "W. MORRIS, Captain. 
 
 "REES HILL, Colonel commanding." 
 
96 
 
 ROLL OF CAPT. EDMUND TIPTON'S COMPANY. 
 Captain, Edmund Tipton; First Lieut., John McCabe; 
 Second Lieut., Isaac Vantrees; Third Lieut., John Cox; 
 Fourth Lieut., Christian Deulinger; Ensign, Patrick Madden; 
 Sergeants, John Calderwcod, Benjamin McCune, Jesse 
 Moore, Peter He wit, Jacob Shafer; Corporals, James Math- 
 ers, Thomas Rees, Abraham Law, James Parks, Zaduck 
 Westover; Drummer, Elisha Ross. 
 
 PRIVATES. 
 
 McLin, John W. 
 Harbst, John. 
 Welsh, William. 
 Sackett, Azarah. 
 McWilliams, James. 
 Williamson, James. 
 Cahr, Joseph. 
 Patton, Samuel. .1 
 Wilson, James. 
 Shank, John. 
 Metzenbaugh, Daniel 
 Moore, Abraham. 
 Tipry, Abraham. 
 Moore, Ephraim. 
 McMillen, John. 
 
 Luckart, George. 
 
 Burgart, Samuel. 
 
 Buell, Joseph. 
 
 Laughlin, Hugh. 
 
 McClelland, Joseph. 
 
 Willerman, Jacob. 
 
 Raub, Henry. 
 
 Mavry or Maurer, Jacob. 
 
 Burns, Daniel. 
 
 Kephard, Henry. 
 
 Kemberling, Ludwig. 
 
 Bailey, William. 
 
 Smith, John. 
 
 Parker, Ira. 
 Walls, Jonathan. 
 Emy, John. 
 Bailey, George. 
 Thompson, William. 
 Bumbarger, Joseph. 
 Kelly, Davis. 
 Newell, Joseph. 
 Gardner, William. 
 Gearhard, John. 
 Gallagher, James. 
 Hopkins, James. 
 Elliot, John. 
 Doil, Dennis. 
 Jones, James. 
 McClelland, James. 
 Johnston, David. 
 Vanpoll, Henry. 
 Jamison, John. 
 
 Keighley, Jacob. 
 
 Brown, Joseph. 
 
 Boyd, Alexander. 
 
 McClelland, Nathanial. 
 
 Stewart, Isaac. 
 
 Gibson, Gideon. 
 
 Dixon, Samuel. 
 
 Dellinger, George. 
 
 Fox, Jacob. 
 
97 
 
 PRIVATES (Continued). 
 
 Sharp, Thomas. Gaud, William. 
 
 Ellis, William. Aurand, John. 
 
 Dunn, Alexander. Lanzer, Abraham. 
 
 Miller, Henry. Gibson, Jesse. 
 
 Shoener, Solomon. Daly, Henry. 
 
 Hyle, John. Wilson, Abraham. 
 
 Fulton, Henry. Ganoe, Samuel. 
 
 Mung, Henry. Ganoe, James. 
 
 Hunter, John. Hunter, Samuel. 
 
 Smithly, Martin. Smock, Abraham. 
 Smithly, Stofel. 
 
 History of the Huntingdon Volunteers — Extracts from the 
 
 Diary of Capt. Robert Allison. 
 
 The diary of Robert Allison, Captain of the Hunting- 
 don Volunteers, which left Huntingdon Sept. 7, 1812, for 
 Niagara, New York, to engage in the war against the Eng- 
 lish, contains an account of the march of the company, and 
 although there is no roll, yet it shows accounts with the 
 different members for clothing and shoes furnished them, 
 from which an almost complete roll can be made. Three 
 names have been obliterated. 
 
 October 8, 1812, he reported to Major General Hall 
 that he had arrived at Buffalo, Oct. 2, with a company of 
 volunteer infantry consisting of one captain, two subal- 
 terns, four corporals, two musicians, and thirty-three 
 privates. 
 
 The following is the roster made from the diary: 
 
 Captain, Robert Allison. 
 
 1st Lieutenant, Jacob Miller (Father of G. Ashman 
 Miller). 
 
 2nd Lieutenant, Henry Swoope. 
 i 1st Sergeant, Henry Miller. 
 
 Ensign, Samuel Swoope (uncle of J. C. Swope) . 
 
 George Armitage (grandfather of Wm. Hale Armitage). 
 
 William Brown. 
 
98 
 
 (Roster continued). 
 
 Robert Brown. 
 
 Ethan Chi!cot. 
 
 John Cunningham. 
 
 George Davis. 
 
 James Davis. 
 
 William Dean. 
 
 William Donaldson. 
 
 Jacob Dorland (uncle of Mrs. Theodore H. Cremer) 
 
 Benjamin Elliot (father of Alex. Elliot). 
 
 Peter Engle. 
 
 Samuel Eichelberger. 
 
 George Fee. 
 
 John Fee. 
 
 Charles Glazier (grandfather of Mrs. Sam'l. H. Irvin). 
 
 John Glazier (grandfather of C. H. Glazier). 
 
 Samuel How. 
 
 Thomas King (grandfather of K. M. King) , 
 
 Samuel Lemon. 
 
 John McConnel. 
 
 James Miller. 
 
 John McFadden. 
 
 John Nash ( father of John Nash, deceased) . 
 
 James Osborn (uncle of Hon. J. Simpson Africa. 
 
 John Parks. 
 
 James Ramsey. 
 
 David Snyder, discharged Oct. 17 (grandfather of R. 
 J. Mattern). 
 
 James Simpson. 
 
 John Saxton (grandfather of Mrs. McKinley, wife of 
 Ex-Pres. McKinley and uncle of Mrs. James Miller, of 
 Huntingdon) . 
 
 Samuel Swigarts. 
 
 Peter Shultz. 
 
 George Thompson (discharged Nov. 22, on account 
 of sickness) . 
 
 Joseph Trappier. 
 
 Abraham Vandevander. 
 
99 
 
 (Roster continued). 
 
 Jacob Vandevander. 
 
 John Westbrook (grandfather of John H. Westbrook). 
 
 Levi Westbrook ( father of Levi Westbrook of Smith- 
 field). 
 
 John Waggoner. 
 
 John Yocum. 
 
 Jacob Zimmerman. 
 
 Captain Allison received August 22, 1812, from Captain 
 Jos. Wheaton, Ass't D. Q. M., a commission from the Presi- 
 dent to himself as captain and to subaltern officers, bear- 
 ing date August 14, and orders from the Secretary of War 
 to march his company to Niagara, N. Y. 
 
 The company left Huntingdon at 2 p. m. September 
 7, 1812, arrived at Petersburg (distance 6 miles) at 5 p. 
 m., here a sleepless night was spent, owing in part to the 
 noise of the soldiers and intemperate and noisy conduct 
 of private citizens. Here they were hospitably enter- 
 tained by Mr. M without any compensation. They 
 
 left Petersburg September 8, at half past five in the morn- 
 ing and arrived at Mr. Marshalls (on Spruce Creek dis- 
 tance 9 miles) at 9 a. m., where they were feasted by Mr. 
 Marshall who refused any remuneration. At half past 12 
 the march was renewed and reached John Gray's (Grays- 
 ville, distance 7 miles) at 4 p. m. 16 miles marched this 
 day. 
 
 September 9, left at half past five in the morning 
 and arrived at Frederick Dales (Center County) distance 
 6 miles at 9 a. m. where breakfast was taken. Here a num- 
 ber of the neighboring citizens refused to let the soldiers 
 pay any bills and advanced the amount to the landlord. 
 Moved on to James Johnston's at Centreville (distance 8 
 miles) where they arrived at 3.30 p. m. 14 miles marched 
 this day. Some of the men were considerably fatigued 
 and several unwell; four of the soldiers were obliged to go 
 to bed without supper. Here the landlord wanted to charge 
 regular tavern rates. 
 
100 
 
 September 10, marched to Bellefonte, where they 
 found an elegant breakfast prepared at the house of Evan 
 Miles, grandfather of Mrs. W. Dorris, and given at the ex- 
 pense of the citizens. Remained there until 5 p. m. and 
 had some washing done for the company. Marched down 
 Nittany valley to George N 's and remained there dur- 
 ing the night. Whole day's march 11 miles. 
 
 September 11, marched to Isaac McKinney's who 
 had prepared an excellant breakfast for the whole com- 
 pany. Each sergeant and corporal had his canteen filled 
 with whiskey gratuitously. Then moved on to Alexander 
 Robison's, making the day's march 14 miles. 
 
 September 12, marched to Sebastian Shade's for break- 
 fast (distance 5 miles) then proceeded to the ferry on the 
 Susquehanna, opposite Dunnsburg; remained at John 
 White's in Dunnsburg over night; (distance 6 miles). Sun- 
 day, September 13, marched to Stephen Duncan's (distance 
 9 miles) for breakfast, where they were liberally entertained 
 without expense; marched to Jersey Shore, (distance 3 
 miles) where the citizens had provided a handsome enter- 
 tainment. 
 
 The company left Jersey Shore September 14 and 
 marched via. Williamsport, Reynolds, Bath, Danville, 
 Caledonia, Batavia and Landis, and arrived at Buffalo, N. 
 Y., Friday, October 2, after a march of 331 miles, without 
 tents. Here the company was halted by order of the com- 
 mander-in-chief and was attached to a New York Regi- 
 ment commanded by Col. McClure, an Irish Democrat from 
 New York, who was a very clever man. 
 
 The following extract taken from a copy of letter dated 
 Oct. 19, addressed to the Secretary of War, will show the 
 hardship endured by Captain Allison's soldiers. "Was yet 
 without tents or any prospects of getting them. My men 
 have no winter under-dress being directed to leave home 
 with linen pantaloons and waistcoats; their shoes are worn 
 out and many of them have no stockings and are entirely 
 without the means of procuring any kind of comfortable 
 clothing suitable for the approaching season which this 
 
101 
 
 climate particularly requires. After diligent inquiry 1 
 cannot find any person authorized or who has the means 
 of advancing to my men the amount of clothing, agreeably 
 to the act of Congress, or even to pay them their wages as 
 soldiers. I am willing to submit to many inconveniences, 
 but the clamor of my men, and seeing them shivering in the 
 cold for want of clothing morning and evening, when on 
 guard, is very distressing." 
 
 From letters written by Captain Allison to his wife 
 at this time it appears that he purchased clothing and 
 shoes for his men from his own money and feared that he 
 would be compelled to send home for more. His heart was 
 no doubt made glad on Nov. 12, for on that day his diary 
 shows that he received from Captain James Thomas, D. Q. 
 M., $1,737.60, in lieu of clothing for the members of his 
 company. At this time his men were lodged in a house, 
 having been removed from the Court House on October 27. 
 
 Oct. 11, he writes," We have had no a 1 arm from the 
 British; this morning a few cannon were fired across the 
 river at our fort two miles from Buffalo, but no harm done." 
 
 In this letter of Oct. 19, referring to the Battle of 
 Queenstown, which had been fought a few days before, he 
 says "A flag of truce came over the river today. I was 
 ordered by General Vanrensselar to receive the officers; they 
 had noth'ng particular to communicate only to inquire for 
 some friends. An armistice has taken place. My opinion 
 is that there will be no further attempt to invade Canada 
 this winter." 
 
 Some of the Pennsylvania militia stated that they 
 would not cross the river into Canada, as they were not com- 
 pelled to do so, but all of Captain Allison's company agreed 
 to go and several of Captain Canan's company from Hunt- 
 ingdon agreed to go along with them; among these was 
 Arthur Moore. Nov. 22 a severe cannonading was heard 
 all day which was supposed to be at Lewiston. Nov. 
 25 Captain Allison wrote a letter to his wife enclosing his 
 will, expecting then to cross over into Canada. Nov. 26 
 his company was ordered to parade with knapsack, 
 
102 
 
 everything in preparation for crossing the river. After 
 moving some distance they were ordered to return. 
 
 On the night of Nov. 27 about 2,000 regulars and sailors 
 passed over the river, stormed several batteries, spiked a 
 number of British cannon and took forty prisoners. They 
 returned with the loss of about fifty men, killed and wounded. 
 At the dawn of day on the 28th the whole army marched to 
 the place of embarkment. One whole regiment embarked 
 and rowed about half over the river, when the grape-shot 
 from the British artillery poured so heavily upon them that 
 they were obliged to return. The Regulars not amounting 
 to over 1,000 then embarked and went some distance up the 
 river to strike across. The American forces were paraded 
 in detachments on the shore. The British troops and In- 
 dians were drawn up in line of battle on the opposite shore, 
 their cannon playing at our boats all the time — our cannon 
 firing at their soldiers and batteries. Captain Allison says: 
 "The balls were whistling about in every direction and ap- 
 peared to be totally disregarded. The scene was extremely 
 grand and yet something awful in it. Our boat attempted 
 a second time to enter the stream, cannon began to fire at 
 them. It was then growing towards evening. A council 
 of war was called by the General, after the breaking up of 
 which orders were given to all the troops to return to their 
 encampment. They all appeared in high spirits and 
 anxious to get over — victory appeared to them in view." 
 
 November 29, a general council of war was held when 
 it was decided to postpone the invasion of Canada. 
 
 A letter to W. Eustis dated at Huntingdon, Pa., Dec. 
 27, 1812, says "I have returned from the Niagara frontier 
 on furlough, and finding the situation of my private concerns 
 such that it is totally impossible for me to remain longer in 
 the army, I therefore resign my commission as captain 
 of infantry volunteers in the service of the U. S. 
 
 As part of the diary has been destroyed, where names 
 could not be deciphered and initials have remained, they have 
 been given. 
 
CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 Military — The Mexican War. 
 
 ONGRESS, May 13, 1846, declared that "by the 
 act of the republic of Mexico a state of war ex- 
 ists between that government and the United 
 States/ ' Troops were called for, and the Presi- 
 dent made a requisition on the Governor of Penn- 
 sylvania for six regiments. Over ninety volun- 
 teer companies, numbering eight thousand three hundred 
 and seventy-four men, responded to the call. Among them 
 were: No. 57. Warrior's Mark Fencibles, — Captain, 
 James Bell; First Lieutenant, James Thompson; Second 
 Lieutenant, James A. Gano. 82 non-commissioned officers 
 and privates; whole number, 85. 
 
 No. 60. Williamsburg Blues,— Captain, Thomas K. 
 Fluke; First Lieutenant, James M. Kinkead; Second 
 Lieutenant, Alexander McKamey. 76 non-commissioned 
 officers and privates ; whole number, 79. 
 
 The Wayne Guards, mustered into the service at Pitts- 
 burg, May 19, 1847, was officered as follows: Captain, 
 James Caldwell; First Lieutenant, Dr. A. McKamey; 
 Second Lieutenant, Dr. C. Bowers; Third Lieutenant, John 
 A. Doyle; Sergeants, George Filey, J. L. Madison, W. A. 
 McMonigle, William Westhoven; corporals, J. L. Kidd, 
 Jacob Shade, C. B. Wilson, A. W. Clarkson. 
 
 This company was raised from citizens from the upper 
 end of Mifflin and Southeastern part of Huntingdon Counties. 
 
CHAPTER XVIII. 
 
 Military— The War of the Rebellion. 
 
 N the great conflict of 1861-65 known as the war 
 of the Rebellion, the people of Huntingdon Coun- 
 ty exibited the greatest patriotism and prompt- 
 ness in furnishing and forwarding men for service 
 in the Union armies. From the time when the 
 first call for troops was made known until the 
 surrender of the principle hostile army made further calls 
 unnecessary, the young men, the middle aged men and not 
 infrequently the old men of this county responded to each 
 appeal with a patriotic alacrity not excelled in any other 
 part of the State or Union. 
 
 THE FIFTH REGIMENT of Pennsylvania in the 
 three months service included a previously-organized in- 
 dependent company of Huntingdon known as the Standing 
 Stone Guards. It was designated in the regimental or- 
 ganization as D company of the Fifth and was mustered 
 into the service of the United States April 21, 1861. 
 
 The Fifth Regiment was rendezvoused and organized 
 at camp Curtin where its companies were mustered into 
 the service of the United States on the 20th and 21st of 
 April, 1861. Its field-officers were Col. R. P. McDowell 
 of Pittsburg; Lieut. Col. Benj. C. Christ of Schuylkill County; 
 and Major R. Bruce Petriken, of Huntingdon. 
 
 Officers Co. D: Captain, Benj. F. Miller; First 
 Lieut., Geo. F. McCabe; Second Lieut., James D. Campbell"; 
 First Serg't, Addison J. Moore; Second Serg't, James S. 
 Campbell; Third Serg't, Wm. H. Flenner; Fourth Serg't, 
 Geo. A. Simpson; First Corp., James McCahan; Second 
 Corp., Robert B. Smith; Third Corp., William S. Westbrook; 
 
. 105 
 
 Fourth Corp., Geo. W. Cypher; Musicians, A. Kinney Buoy 
 and Edwin W. Thomas. 
 
 THE TENTH REGIMENT of three month's troops 
 contained one company from Huntingdon County, desig- 
 nated as Company I, and mustered into the service of the 
 United States April 26,. 1861. The field officers of the 
 regiment were Col. Sullivan A. Meredith, Lieut. Col. Oliver 
 J. Dickey, Major Richard White. 
 
 Officers of Co. I: Captain, Henry M. McDonnell; 
 First Lieut., William Linton; Second Lieut., Martin V. B. 
 Harding; First Serg't, Henry Dunbauch; Second Serg't, 
 Geo. W. Speece; Third Serg't, John E. Bryant; Fourth 
 Serg't, Andrew E. Ingersoll; First Corp., Geo. W. Trite; 
 Second Corp., John Hoffman; Third Corp., Thomas Ellis; 
 Fourth Corp., George D. Mengher; Musicians, Geo. W. 
 Brady and John Dawson. 
 
 IN THE FOURTEENTH REGIMENT (three months 
 service), was a company (I) which was composed partly 
 of Huntingdon County men. Its officers were: Captain, 
 Alex. Bobb; First Lieut., J. C. Saunders; Sec. Lieut., John 
 H. Sypher; First Serg't, William Knee; Second Serg't, 
 David Brenneman; Third Serg't, James McFadden; Fourth 
 Serg't, David McKee; First Corp., Johnson C. Ackers; 
 Second Corp., Geo. Strayer; Third Corp., John Grimes; 
 Fourth Corp., Peter Barley; Musicians, Thomas Campbell 
 and H. Boner. 
 
 THE FIFTEENTH REGIMENT contained one com- 
 pany, which, though credited to Cambria County was made 
 up largely of men from Huntingdon, which county furnished 
 all its commissioned officers, as will be found in the roll. 
 This company, designated as H of the Fifteenth,was muster- 
 ed into service on the 23rd of April, 1861. The fifteenth 
 Regiment was organized at Camp Curtin, its field officers 
 being Col. Richard A. Oakford, Lieut Col. Thomas Biddle, 
 Maj. Stephen N. Bradford. It was brigaded with the 
 Fourteenth under Gen. James S. Negley, and its history 
 from muster in to muster out is essentially the same as that 
 of the Fourteenth. 
 
106 
 
 OFFICERS OF COMPANY H. 
 
 Captain, Joseph Johnston; First Lieut., Michael Me- 
 Nally; Second Lieut., William H. Simpson; First Serg't, 
 George W. Barkley; Second Serg't, Andrew McAlwane; 
 Third Serg't, David Wilson; Fourth Serg't, Patrick McAteer; 
 First Corp., John P. Murphy; Second Corp., William Whar- 
 ton; Third Corp., Arthur Jones; Fourth Corp., Adam Garber; 
 Musicians, George Jenkins and Denseth Cooper. 
 
 THE TWENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT of the Penn- 
 sylvania line was raised and organized in the summer of 
 1861, principally through the efforts, ar.d largely at the ex- 
 pense of its original colonel, John W. Geary, who was a 
 veteran officer of the Mexican War, and who afterwards 
 became a general in the United States service and Gov- 
 ernor of the State of Pennsylvania. The other field of- 
 ficers of the Twenty-Eighth were Lieut. Col. Gabriel de 
 Korpcnay and Maj. Hector Tyndale. The regiment was of 
 unusual size, embracing fifteen companies, of which one 
 (Company, 0) was recruited in Huntingdon County. 
 
 COMPANY 0. 
 
 (Mustered in Aug. 17, 1861. Date of Transfer to 
 Company B, One Hundred and Forty-Seventh Regiment, 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers,Oct. 28, 1862, except where noted.) 
 
 Captain, Geo, F. McCabe; First Lieut., J. Addison 
 Moore; Second Lieut., A. H.W. Creigh; First Serg't, William 
 W. Willitt; Sergeants, R. E. Thompson, S. S. Diffenbaugh, 
 M. M. Vandevander, Wm. H. Glazier, Edwin McCabe 
 (pro. to Serg't Jan. 1, 1862) ; Corporals, James Moore, 
 David Heffner, Thos. Keegan (trans, to Knapp's Pa. Battery 
 Oct. 5, 1861), Wilkin Briggs (reduced Oct. 17, 1861), John 
 Witherspoon, Samuel Rinard (reduced Feb. 2$, 1862), 
 John Donohue, John Shoemaker (pro. to Corp. Feb. 28, 
 1862) ; Musicians, Jacob McCall, and Josiah M. Funk, ,..:v^ 
 
 THE FIFTH RESERVE, OR THIRTY-FOURTH ^REGI- 
 MENT - ' :— • i.^''- 
 
 The Fifth Reserve Regiment, numbered the Thirty- 
 fourth of the Pennsylvania line, was organized at 'Camp 
 
107 
 
 Curtin on the 20th of June, 1861, Huntingdon County 
 furnished two companies, viz. : The "Huntingdon Infantry,' ' 
 Capt. Andrew S. Harrison, and the "Scott Infantry," Capt. 
 George Dare. The first named of these companies wss 
 designated as G Company, and the latter as I Company 
 of the regiment. The original field -officers of the Fifth 
 Reserve were Col. John I. Gregg of" Center County; Lieut. 
 Col. Joseph W. Fisher of Lancaster County, and Maj. 
 George Dare of Huntingdon County, promoted from Captain 
 of I company and succeeded in the command of that com- 
 pany by Capt. Frank Zentmyer. 
 
 COMPANY G. 
 
 (Mustered in June 21, 1861, except where noted. Date 
 of muster out with company June 11, 1864, except. where 
 noted.) 
 
 Captain A. S. Harrison, disch. Oct. 24, 1862. 
 Capt. John E. Wolfe, pro. from 1st Lieut. Co. D, Jan. 
 12, 1862; disch. April 11, 1863, for wounds rec'd at Freder- 
 ericksburg Dec. 13, 1862. 
 
 Capt. C. M. Hildebrand, pro. from 1st Lieut., Aug. 
 25, 1863 ; brevet major March 13, 1865. 
 
 1st Lieut., George Thomas, disch. Oct. 24, 1862. 
 
 1st Lieut., Thomas Cornpropst, res. May 15, 1862. 
 
 1st Lieut., J. A. Willoughby, pro. to 1st lieut. Aug. 25, 
 1863; to adjt. May 7, 1864; to brevet capt. March 13, 1865. 
 
 2d Lieut., William F. Thomas, disch. Oct. 14, 1862. 
 
 2d Lieut., Joel Thompkins, res. Aug 15, 1863. 
 
 2d Lieut., Robert W. Smith, pro. from serg't. maj. to 
 2d lieut. Aug. 8, 1862, killed at Bull Run Aug. 20, 1862. 
 
 2d Lieut., R. McC. Alexander, pro. to 2d lieut, Aug. 25, 
 1863; brevet 1st lieut. March 13, 1865. 
 
 1st Serg't, H. Stonebraker. 
 
 1st Serg't, Richard Meredith, wounded and prisoner at 
 Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; died at Richmond Va., 
 Dec. 21, 1862. 
 
 Serg't, Jacob Hawn. 
 
 Serg't, Patrick Kelly. 
 
 Serg't, David Shantz. 
 
108 
 
 Serg't, Henry Eckley. 
 
 Serg't, Thomas Given, died Oct. 1, 1862, of wounds 
 rec'd at Antietam, Sept. 17. 
 
 Serg't, Alexander Shannon. 
 
 Corp., David Decker. 
 
 Corp., Peter L. Posten. 
 
 Corp., Anderson Stewart. 
 
 Corp., Rob't. McCarrell, trans, to 191st Reg't. P. V. 
 June 6, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Corp., Franklin Couts, trans, to 191st Reg't. P. V. 
 June 6, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Corp., John S. Henderson, disch. on surg. certif. Jan. 
 11, 1862. 
 
 Musician, John C. Smith. 
 
 Musician, W. H. Wickerman. 
 
 COMPANY I. 
 
 Mustered in June 21, 1861, except where noted. Date 
 of muster out June 11, 1864, except where noted. 
 
 Capt., Frank Zentmyer, pro. to maj. Aug. 1, 1862. 
 
 Capt., James Porter, pro. from Serg't to 2d lieut. 
 July 1, 1862; to capt. March 5, 1863. 
 
 1st Lieut., Robert B. Frazer, dismissed Sept. 25, 1862. 
 
 1st Lieut., David Zentmyer, pro. from 1st serg't to 1st 
 lieut. Oct. 1, 1862; killed at Fredericksburg Dec. 13, 1862. 
 
 1st Lieut., Granville P. Swoope, pro. from serg't. maj. 
 to 1st lieut. March 4, 1863; brevet capt. March 13, 1865. 
 
 2d Lieut., J. A. McPherran, June 17, 1861 ; pro. to capt. 
 Co. F July 1, 1862. 
 
 2d Lieut., Israel D. Kinch, pro. from 1st serg't to 2d 
 lieut. Oct. 1, 1862; killed at Fredericksburg Dec. 13, 1862. 
 
 2d Lieut., Thomas L. Guyer, pro. from corp. to 2d 
 lieut. March 5, 1863. 
 
 1st Serg't, John B. McKean, pro. to corp. Feb. 1, 1862; 
 to serg't Sept. 2, 1862; to 1st serg't Oct. 1, 1862. 
 
 Serg't, Martin W. Fink. 
 
 Serg't, William C. Patterson, pro. to corp. Sept. 2, 
 1862; to serg't Oct. 1, 1862. 
 
 Serg't, Geo. W. Speaker, pro. to serg't Sept. 7, 1863. 
 
109 
 
 Serg't, Geo. Gensamore. 
 
 Serg't, J. F. Bathurst, disch. Dec. 19, 1863, for wounds 
 received at Fredericksburg Dec. 13, 1862. 
 
 Serg't, J. J. Paterson, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps 1863. 
 
 Corp., James A. Album. 
 
 Corp., Alexander Dickson. 
 
 Corp., David Knee. 
 
 Corp., Samuel Spangler, disch. on surg. cert if. Jan. 
 28, 1862. 
 
 Corp., N. H. Lee, disch. on surg. certif. Jan. 20, 1863. 
 
 Corp., John W. Ayres, disch. Aug. 17, 1863, for wounds 
 rec'd at South Mountain Sept. 14, 1862. 
 
 Corp., Miles Moore, Jan. 24, 1861; trans, to 191st Reg't 
 P. V.June 6, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Corp., James R. Worts, March 1, 1864; trans, to 191st 
 Reg't. P. V. June 6, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Musician, Richard H. Dare, June 21, 1861. 
 
 Musician, William Black, trans, to 191st Reg't. P. V. 
 June 6, 1864; Vet. 
 
 TWELFTH RESERVE REGIMENT— THE FORTY- 
 FIRST of the Pennsylvania line — was made of companies 
 which had been raised for the three month's service but 
 failed to secure acceptance, one of them being the Hunt- 
 ingdon Guards, from Huntingdon County, which became 
 Company I of the regiment 
 
 The Twelfth was organized at Camp Curtin, where it 
 was mustered into the United States Service Aug. 10, 1861, 
 its field-officers being Col. John H. Jaggart, of Philadel- 
 phia; Lieut. Col. Samuel N. Bailey, of York County, and 
 Maj. Peter Baldy, of Northampton County. On the day 
 of muster, the regiment left Camp Curtin, and proceeded 
 by way of Baltimore and Washington to the camp of the 
 Reserve division at Talleytown, Md., where it was assign- 
 ed to the Third Brigade. 
 
 COMPANY I. 
 
 (Mustered out March 17, 1862, except where noted) . 
 There is no muster-out roll of this company at adjutant- 
 general's office. 
 
110 
 
 Capt. James C. Baker, must, in Feb. 6, 1862, died 
 July 7, 1862. 
 
 Capt. Chill W. Hazzard, must, in July 30, 1861; pro. 
 to capt. April 20, 1863; brevetted maj. March 13, 1865, 
 must, out with company June 11, 1864. 
 
 First Lieut. Perry Etehison, res. July 18, 1862. Must, 
 in Mar. 17, 1862. 
 
 First Lieut. William H. Myers, must, in July 24, 1861; 
 pro. from serg't. major to 1st lieut. April 20, 1863 ; brevetted 
 capt. March 13, 1865; Must, out with company June 11, 1864. 
 
 Second Lieut Samuel J. Cloyd, must, in March 17, 
 1862; disch. Jan. 7, 1863. 
 
 Second Lieut Frrnk D. Stephens, pro. from private 
 to 1st- serg't April 24, 1862; to 2d lieut. April 24, 1863; 
 prisoner at Game's mill June 27, 1862; wounded at Fred- 
 ericksburg Dec. 13, 1862; trans, to Co. D, 190th Regt. 
 P. V, June 1, 1864. 
 
 First Serg't Andrew J. Demming, captured at Weldon 
 Railroad Aug. 19, 1864. - - 
 
 First Serg't William W. Woods, must, in Aug. 10, 
 1861; must, out with company June 11, 1864. 
 
 Sergt's Thomas M. Kelly, David Long, John E. Rinker, 
 R. Y. Askin, Seth Alexander (must, in April 5, 1862). 
 
 Corps. Joseph Beers, David Hancock, Elias B. Wilson, 
 David W. Stevens, John B. Chilcoat, William H. Harris, 
 William D. Hancock, Abraham D. Long, Henry C. Lyon 
 (captured at Weldon Railroad Aug. 19, 1864; died a prisoner 
 date unknown). Charles H. Martin (captured at Weldon 
 Railroad Aug. 19, 1864). 
 
 Musicians, John Harvey, Geo. W. Weight. 
 
 THE FORTY-NINTH REGIMENT. 
 
 In the organization of this regiment, there were in- 
 cluded two companies from Huntingdon County, viz., C 
 company, Capt. John B. Miles (afterwards promoted to 
 major, and to lieutenant-colonel and killed at Spottsyl- 
 vania May 10, 1864), and D. company Capt James D. 
 Campbell. The rendezvous of the Forty-Ninth was at 
 
Ill 
 
 Camp Curtin where it was organized in September, 1861, 
 under the following named field-officers: Colonel Wil- 
 liam H. Irwin; Lieutenant-Col. William Erisbane; Major 
 Thomas M. Hulings. 
 
 COMPANY C. 
 Capt. John B. Miles, must. inAug. 5, 1861; pro. to maj. 
 
 Oct. 16, 1862. 
 
 Capt. J. R. Eckebarger, must in Oct. 2, 1861; pro. 
 to 1st lieut. Oct. 16, 1861; disch. Nov. 19, 1863. 
 
 Capt. A. Boyd Hutchinson, must, in Aug. 31, 1861; 
 trars. to Co. G, date unknown. 
 
 Capt. James C. Smith, must, in Aug 31, 1861; pro. 
 from 1st serg't to 2d lieut. Oct, 26, 1862; trans, from Co. 
 G, June 11, 1863; pro. to 1st lieut. Feb. 25, 1864; to brevet 
 capt. Aug. 1, 1864; to capt. June 3, 1865; must, cut with 
 company July 15, 1865. 
 
 First Lieut. F. W. Wombacher, must, in Sept. 10, 
 1861; pro. to Capt. Co. E, March 16, 1864. 
 
 Second Lieut. A. G. Dickey, must, in Aug. 31, 1861; 
 res. Oct. 27, 1862. 
 
 Second Lieut. Christian Dale, must, in Dec. 31, 1861; 
 trans, from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to 2d lieut. March 4, 
 1864; com. capt. Co. F June 27, 1865; not mustered ; muster- 
 ed out with company June 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 First Serg't John Miller, must in Aug. 31, 1861; trars. 
 from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; pro. from corp. to serg't Sept. 
 19, 1864; to 1st serg't April 6, 1865; com. 1st lieut July 
 14, 1864; not mustered; mustered out with company July 
 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 First Serg't Jeremish C. Brown, must in Aug. 30, 
 1861; trans, from Co. G. Jan. 11, 1863; must, but" Oct. 28, 
 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 First Serg't Calvin Cain, must, in Aug. 31, 1861; trans. 
 from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to 1st serg't Oct. 23, 1864; 
 killed at Petersburg, Va., April 6, 1865; Vet: \ ' ik 'V 
 
 First Serg't Geo. S. Ketner, must, in Aug: 31, 1861, 
 trans, from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to 1st Serg't Mar. 
 4, 1864; killed at Winchester, Va., Sept. 19th, 1864; Vet. 
 
112 
 
 Serg't Henry Entriken, must, in Oct. 10, 1861; pro. 
 from corp. to serg't Sept. 1, 1862; trans, from Co. F Jan. 
 11, 1863; must, out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Serg't James F. Moore, must, in Sept. 9, 1861; pro. 
 to corp. Sept. 10, 1862; trans from Co.F Jan 11, 1863; pro 
 to serg't Oct. 24, 1864; com. 2d lieut. July 14, 1865, not 
 mustered ; must, out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Serg't Samuel D. Osborne, must, in Sept. 3, 1861; 
 pro. to corp. Sept. 1, 1862; trans, from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863; 
 pro. to serg't April 6, 1865; must, out with company 
 July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Serg't Harvey Moore, must, in Sept. 12, 1861; trans. 
 from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to serg't Oct. 31, 1864; 
 absent, sick, at must, out, Vet. 
 
 Serg't Rob't B. Smith, must, in Aug. 30, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. D Jan. 11, 1863; must, out Oct. 23, 1864, expira- 
 tion of term. 
 
 Serg't Sam'l Stewart, must, in Aug. 15, 1861; disch. 
 on surg. certif. Sept. 17, 1861. 
 
 Corp. Eugene Jeffries, must, in Sept. 12, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863, pro. to corp. March 4, 1864; must, 
 out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Corp. John I. Hall, must, in Sept. 12, 1861; trans. 
 from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to corp. Oct. 24, 1864; must, 
 out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Corp. H. W. Marshall, must, in Sept. 3, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. F Jan 11, 1863; pro. to corp. Oct. 24, 1864; must, 
 out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Corp. Merritt D. Stalbird, must, in Sept. 9, 1861; 
 trans, from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to Corp. July 1, 1865; 
 must, out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Corp. Enos. S. McCafferty, must, in Sept. 4, 1861; 
 trans, from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to Corp. Nov. 1, 1864, 
 must, out with company July 15, 1865, Vet. 
 
 Corp. John M. Duey, must, in Aug. 31, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to Corp. Sept. 19, 1864; 
 killed at Petersburg April 6, 1865, Vet. 
 
113 
 
 Corp. Moses Chriswell, must, in Sept 12, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. F Jan. 11, 1863; died Feb. 16, 1864 of wounds 
 received in action, buried in Military Asylum Cemetery, 
 D. C. 
 
 Corp. Griffith Lytle, must, in Aug. 31, 1861, trans, 
 from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; must out Oct. 23, 1864, expira- 
 tion of term. 
 
 Corp. Wm. H. Musser, must, in Aug. 31, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; must, out Oct. 23, 1864, expira- 
 tion of term. 
 
 Corp. James A. Patton, must, in Aug. 31, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. G Jan. 11, 1863; must, out Oct. 23, 1863, expira- 
 tion of term. 
 
 COMPANY D. 
 
 Captain James D. Campbell, must, in Aug. 10, 1861; 
 resigned Jan. 18, 1863. 
 
 Capt. James A. Quigley, must, in Aug. 19, 1861; trans. 
 from Co. A Jan. 11, 1863; wounded May 12, 1864; must, 
 out Oct. 28, 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 Capt. John W. Russel, must, in Aug. 15, 1861; pro. to 
 corp. Nov. 1, 1861, to serg't May 20, 1862, to 1st serg't 
 and trans, from Co. B Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to 2d lieut. Mar. 
 16, 1864, to capt. Nov. 30, 1864, must, out with Company 
 July 17, 1865; Vet. 
 
 First Lieut. John H. Westbrook, must, in Aug. 30, 
 1861, disch. Nov. 19, 1863. 
 
 First Lieut. William Sherwood, must, in Aug. 6, 1861 
 pro. from corp. to serg't Nov. 25, 1861; to 1st serg't Jan 
 8, 1862, to 1st lieut. Aug. 5, 1862, trans, from Co. E Jan 
 11, 1863; pro. to capt. Co. F Mar. 16, 1864. 
 
 First Lieut, Campbell Tucker, must, in Oct. 26, 1861 
 pro. to aide-de-camp on staff of Gen. Wm. F. Smith Dec 
 16, 1863; must, out with company July 15, 1865. 
 
 Second Lieut. Frank Y. McDonald, must, in Aug 
 30, 1861, disch. Nov. 19, 1863. 
 
 Second Lieut. Benj. H. Downing, must, in Aug. 15, 
 1861; trans, from Co. B. Jan. 11, 1863; trans, to Co. E 
 March 16, 1864. 
 
. 114 
 
 First Serg't Davis H. Law, must, in Aug. 15, 1861; 
 trans, from Co. B Jan. 11, 1863; pro. from corp. to serg't 
 Jan 17, 1864; to 1st serg't April 7, 1865; com. 2d lieut. 
 July 14, 1865, must, out with company July 17, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't William Sollars, must, in Aug. 19, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. A Jan. 11, 1863; must, out with company July 
 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Theodore B. Reeder, must, in Aug. 17, 1860; 
 trans, from Co. C Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to serg't Mar. 16, 
 1864; must, out with company July 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Charles D. Train, must, in Sept. 1, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. E. Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to corp. May 12, 1864; pro. 
 to serg't Nov. 30, 1864; must, out with company July 
 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Daniel S. Daler, must, in August 15, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. B Jan. 11, 1863, pro. to corp. Nov. 15, 1864, to 
 serg't April 7, 1865; must, out with company July 15, 
 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Daniel S. Swyers, must, in Aug. 19, 1861; pro. 
 from corp. to serg't Aug. 29, 1862; from Co. A Jan. 11, 
 1863; killed at Syottsylvania Court House, May 10, 1864; 
 Vet. 
 
 Serg't Frank A. Brown, must, in Aug. 15, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. B. Jan. 11, 1863, died June 17, 1864, at Wilming- 
 ton, Del., of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court House, 
 May 10, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Thomas G. Hutchinson, must, in Aug. 21, 
 1861; pro. to corp. Mar. 14, 1862; trans, from Co. E Jan. 
 11, 1863; pro. to serg't Sept. 10, 1864; must, out Sept. 
 25, 1864, at expiration of term. 
 
 Serg't James Hill, must, in Aug. 19, 1861; pro. to 
 corp. Nov. 6, 1862; trans, from Co. A Jan. 11, 1863; pro. 
 to serg't May 12, 1864; must, out Sept. 10, 1864, at ex- 
 piration of term. 
 
 Corp. W. H. Ammerman, must, in Aug. 17, 1861; 
 trans, from Co. A Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to corp. June 17; 
 1864; must, out with company July 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
115 
 
 Corp. Uriah Kitchen, must, in Mar. 24, 1864; pro. 
 to corp. Sept. 10, 1864; must, out with company July 15, 
 
 1865. 
 
 Corp. J. C. Montgomery, must, in Aug. 15, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. B Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to corp. Nov. 23, 1864, 
 must, out with company July 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Oliver P. Wilson, must in Sept 1, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. B Jan. 11, 1863; pro. to corp. March 1, 1865; 
 must, out with Company July 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Solomon Martin, must in Sept. 7, 1861, trans. 
 from Co. E Jan. 11, 1863; pro to corp. April 7, 1865; must, 
 out with company July 15, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. John R. Pratt, must, in Mar. 8, 1864; pro. to 
 serg't June 5, 1865; must, out with company July 15, 1865. 
 
 Corp. John A. Jackson, must, in Feb. 6, 1863; absent, 
 sick, at muster out. 
 
 Corp. William A. Johnson, must, in Aug. 19, 1861; 
 trans, from Co. A Jan. 11, 1863; killed at Spottsylvania 
 Court House May 10, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Jacob Shriver, must, in Aug. 19, 1861; trans. 
 from Co. A and pro. to corp. Jan. 11, 1863; died June 17, 
 1864, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court House 
 May 10, 1864. Buried in National Cemetery, Arlington, 
 Va.; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Joseph B. Brown, must, in Aug. 15, 1861; trans, 
 from Co. B Jan. 11, 1863; disch. on surg. certif. Feb. 16, 1863. 
 
 Corp. James C. Langton, must in Sept. 12, 1861, trans, 
 from Co. E Jan. 11, 1863; disch. Oct. 24, 1864, expiration 
 of term. 
 
 THE FIFTY-THIRD REGIMENT, of which Col. 
 John R. Brooke, of Montgomery County, was the first 
 commanding officer, was organized at Camp Curtin in 
 September and October, 1861. The men recruited in Blair 
 and Huntingdon counties formed "C" Company. 
 
 COMPANY C. 
 
 Capt. John H. Wintrode, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; res. 
 Dec. 3, 1862. 
 
116 
 
 Capt. Henry J. Smith, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; pro* 
 from 1st serg't to 2d lieut. May 9, 1862, to capt. Jan- 
 1, 1863 ;disch. Mar. 16, 1865. 
 
 1st Lieut. Rob't. McNamara, must, in Oct. 17, 1861, 
 res. May 9, 1862. 
 
 1st Lieut. Sam'l. M. Royer, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; 
 pro. from 2d to 1st lieut. May 9, 1862; res. Dec. 1, 1862. 
 
 1st Lieut. D. S. Fouse, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; pro. 
 from serg't to 1st lieut. Dec. 1, 1862; must out Oct. 8, 
 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 1st Lieut. Andrew J. Merritt, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; 
 pro. to corp. to 1st serg't to 2d lieut. May 1, 1865; to 1st 
 lieut. May 28, 1865; must, out with company June 30, 1865; 
 Vet. 
 
 2d Lieut. John McLaughlin, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; 
 pro. from serg't to 2d lieut. Jan. 1, 1863; com. 1st lieut. 
 Oct. 8, 1864; not mustered; must, out April 24, 1865, to 
 date March 14, 1865. 
 
 1st Serg't Andrew J. Fleck, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; 
 pro. to corp. May 10, 1864, to serg't Nov. 2, 1864; to 1st 
 Serg't. May 2, 1865 ; absent with leave at must, out ; Vet. 
 
 1st Serg't Daniel N. Garner, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; 
 pro. to serg't; must, out Nov. 2, 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 Serg't Daniel Lightner, must, in Oct. 17, 1861, pro. 
 to corp. Feb. 25, 1864, to serg't Sept. 21, 1864; must, 
 out with company June 30, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Michael McCall, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; pro. 
 to corp. July 1, 1864, to serg't May 1, 1865; must, out 
 with company June 30, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't John Rodgers, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; pro. 
 to corp. July 1, 1864; to serg't June 16, 1865; must, out 
 with company June 30, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't David B. Rothrock, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; 
 pro. to serg't; prisoner from June 16, 1864, to April 28, 
 1865; discharged by G. 0. May 29, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Samuel W. Gill, must, in Oct. 17, 1861; pro. 
 to serg't; captured; disch. by G. O. June 20, 1865; Vet. 
 
 (Date of muster in Oct. 17th, 1861,except where noted). 
 
117 
 
 Serg't G. W. Montgomery, pro. to serg't died at 
 Phila. July 1, 1864, of wounds rec'd in action near Peters- 
 burg, Va.; Vet. 
 
 Serg't William D. Shontz, must, in Oct. 27, 1861; 
 pro. to serg't; killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 
 
 10, 1864. 
 
 Serg't Anthony J. Beaver; pro. to serg't; trans, to 
 Vet. Res. corps May 15, 1864. 
 
 Serg't Davis G. Enyeart. 
 
 Serg't Matthew G. Isett, died; buried in Nat'l. Ceme- 
 tery, Gettysburg, Section C, grave 64. 
 
 Corp. William Fernwalt; pro. to corp. July 1, 1864; 
 must, out with company June 30, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. David A. Silas, pro. to corp. Sept. 4, 1864; 
 must, out with company June 30, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Matthias Querry, must, in Feb. 15, 1864; pro. 
 to ccrp. Sept 21, 1864; must, out with company June 30, 
 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Luden B. Morris, must, in Feb. 3, 1864; pro. to 
 corp. Nov. 2, 1864; must, out with company June 30, 1865. 
 
 Corp. John C. States, must in Feb. 3, 1864; pro. to 
 corp. March 1, 1865; must, out with company June 30, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Charles Nash, must, in March 25, 1864; pro. to 
 corp. May 1, 1865; must, out with company June 30, 1865. 
 
 Corp. John Keiser, must, in Sept. 1, 1863; absent, 
 sick, at must. out. 
 
 - Corp. Jacob W. Prough, pro. to corp; must, out Nov. 
 2, 1864; expiration of term. 
 
 Corp. Geo. W. Isett, pro. to corp; disch. Sept. 4, 1864 
 for wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. 
 
 Ccrp. Sam'l Kinney, must, in Jan. 16, 1864; disch. 
 by G. 0. June 20, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Frederick L. Snyder, prisoner from June 16, 
 1864, to April 9, 1865; disch. by G. 0. May 29, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Elijah Crownover, pro. to corp. ; killed at Spott- 
 sylvania Court House May 12, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Corp's William Reed, Luther T. Sangree, William Estep, 
 H. B. Geisinger. 
 
118 
 
 THE SEVENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT— This regi- 
 ment included in its original organization one company (C) 
 from Huntingdon County. After the regiment had been 
 in the service three years and five months it was joined 
 in the field by a company of Blair County men under the 
 command of Capt. Daniel Schock. This was designated 
 Co. F, most of the surviving members of the original F com- 
 pany being transferred about the same time to A company. 
 
 The Seventy-Seventh was rendezvoused at Camp Wilk- 
 ins,near Pittsburg, where it was organized under command 
 of Col. Frederick S. Stumbaugh, in October, 1861. 
 COMPANY C. 
 
 (Date of muster in Sept. 20, 1861, except where noted). 
 
 Capt. Michael McNally, res. Nov. 24, 1862. 
 
 Capt. Jos. J. Lawson, pro. from first lieut. to capt. 
 Jan. 8, 1863; to maj. June 13, 1865. 
 
 Capt. Samuel S. Gillman, pro. to corp. Feb. 23, 1862; 
 to serg't Dec. 1, 1862; to 1st lieut. April 10, 1865; to capt. 
 Sept. 1, 1865; wounded at Marietta, Ga.; July 4, 1864; 
 absent, with leave, at must, out; Vet. 
 
 1st Lieut. Alex. I. Baldwin, pro. from serg't to 1st 
 serg't Nov. 15, 1861; to 2d lieut. May 25, 1862; to 1st 
 lieut. Jan. 8, 1863; wounded at Dallas, Ga., May 28, 1864; 
 killed at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 16, 1864. 
 
 1st Lieut. Silas M. Cline, pro. from serg't maj. to 2d 
 lieut. April 10, 1865; to 1st lieut. Sept. 1, 1865; must, out 
 with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 2d Lieut. Sam'l. I. Davis, pro. to adjt. Sept. 28, 1861. 
 
 2d Lieutenant Edward B. Miller, pro. from corp. to 
 1st serg't May 25, 1862; to 2d lieut. Jan. 8, 1863; disch. 
 by S. 0. Aug. 22, 1863. 
 
 2d Lieut. John T. Baldwin, pro. to corp. Mar. 12, 
 1862; to serg't Jan 5, 1864; to 1st serg't April 12, 1865; 
 to 2d lieut. Sept. 1, 1865; must, out with company Dec. 
 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 1st Serg't Daniel McNulty, pro. to corp. -Aug. 10, 
 1862; to serg't April 12, 1865; to 1st serg't Sept. 1, 1865; 
 absent, on furlough, at must, out; Vet. 
 
119 
 
 1st Serg't Sam'l. H. Wilson, pro. from corp. to serg't 
 Dec. 14, 1861; to 1st serg't Nov. 24, 1862; prisoner from 
 Sept. 19, 1863, to Feb. 19, 1865; must, out May 20, 1865. 
 
 1st Serg't Wm. Bradley, pro. to corp. Sept. 4, 1862j 
 to serg't Dec. 31, 1862; to 1st serg't; wounded at Franklin, 
 Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864; disch. by G. 0. Sept. 18, 1865; Vet. 
 
 1st Serg't David H. Gates, trans, to 44th Reg't. P. 
 V. Nov. 15, 1861. 
 
 Serg't David Brism, must, in Mar. 25, 1864; pro. to 
 serg't April 10, 1864 ; must out with company Dec. 6, 1865. 
 
 Serg't William Heidler, pro. from corp. to serg't 
 Nov. 28, 1862; wounded at Reseca, Ga., May 15, 1864; 
 must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Henry Wagner, wounded at Liberty Gap, Tenn., 
 June 25, 1863; pro. to corp. Dec. 1, 1862; to serg't Sept. 
 1, 1865; must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Andrew J. Mitchell, wounded at Chickamauga, 
 Ga., Sept. 19, 1863; pro. to corp. April 12, 1865; to serg't 
 Nov. 1, 1865; must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Scott R. Crawford, died Jan. 13, 1863, of 
 wounds received at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. 
 
 Serg't Philip Bear, pro. to serg't June 30, 1862; cap- 
 tured Oct. 8, 1862; trans, to regular army. 
 
 Corp. A. W. Baldwin, must, in Feb. 22, 1864; pro. to 
 corp. Sept. 1, 1865; must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Geo. W. Leidick, pro. to corp. Dec. 11, 1863; 
 must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Henry H. Long, pro. to corp. April 12, 1865; 
 must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Patrick McNulty, wounded at Dallas, Ga., May 
 £8, 1864; pro. to corp. April 12, 1865; must, out with com- 
 pany Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Thos. McMahon, pro. to corp. Nov. 1, 1865; 
 must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. John Roark, pro. to corp. Sept. 1, 1865; must, 
 out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Ezekiel Taxtlinger, pro. to corp. Sept. 1, 1865; 
 must, out with company Dec. 6, 1865; Vet. 
 
120 
 
 Corp. Harvey Bennet, disch. en surg. certif. Jan. 10, 
 1862. 
 
 Ccrp. Wm. Jcnes, pro. to corp. July 1, 1864; trans, to 
 U. S. Engineer corps. Aug. 1, 1864; Vet. 
 
 Corp. Richard Mitchell, pro. to corp. Dec. 11, 1865; 
 to com. serg't April 1, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Wm. Keith, died Jan. 10, 1863, of wounds received 
 at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862; buried at Stone River, 
 grave 84. 
 
 Corp. James S. Leator, died at Nashville, Tenn., June 
 10, 1862. 
 
 Corp. W. H. H. Woolslair, pro. to corp. Dec. 1, 1862; 
 captured at Chicamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, 1863; died at Ander- 
 sonville Aug. 27, 1864; grave 6980. 
 
 Corp. Hugh M. Hall, pro. to corp. June 30, 1862; 
 captured Oct. 8, 1862; enl. in regular army. 
 
 NINETY-SECOND REGIMENT (NINTH CAVALRY). 
 
 To the Ninth Cavalry Regiment of Pennsylvania, 
 Huntingdon County contributed one company designated 
 as company M. 
 
 The rendezvous of the regiment was at Camp Cameron, 
 Harrisburg, where is was organized in the fall of 1861, 
 under command of Col. Edward C. Williams, of Harrisburg. 
 
 COMPANY M. 
 
 Capt. Geo. W. Patterson, must, in Aug. 24, 1861; 
 disch. on surg. certif. Dec. 31, 1861. 
 
 Capt. James Bell, must, in Dec. 31, 1861; disch. 
 on surg. certif. May 25, 1863. 
 
 Capt. Thomas S. McMahon, mutt, in Aug. 31, 1861; 
 pro. from 1st lieu. May 22, 1863; disch. Aug. 8, 1864, wounds 
 ree'd. in action. 
 
 Capt. Doctor A. Shelp, must, in Nov. 14, 1861; pro. 
 from serg't Co. L to 2d lieu. May 22, 1863, to 1st Lieu. 
 Aug. 23, 1864, to capt. May 23, 1865. 
 
 1st Lieu. O. B. McNight, must, in Oct. 9, 1861; pro. 
 from 2d lieut. Co. B May 22, 1863, to capt. Co. I Aug. 23, 
 1864. 
 
121 
 
 2d Lieut. Isaac C. Temple, must, in Dec. 13, 1861; 
 disch. May 25, 1863. 
 
 2d Lieut. Andrew M. Clark, must, in June 1, 1863; 
 pro. from corp. Co. B Aug. 23, 1864; com. 1st lieut. Aug. 
 1, 1864; resigned May 15, 1865. 
 
 2d lieut. Wm. Irvin, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. from 
 1st serg't May 20, 1865; com. 1st lieut. June 16, 1865. 
 
 1st Serg't Geo. W. Kuhn, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 pro. to 1st serg't May 20, 1865; com. 2d lieut. June 16, 
 1865. 
 
 Quartermaster-Serg't Samuel P. Wallace, must, in 
 Dec. 30, 1861; pro. from farrier Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Serg't R. B. Montgomery, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. 
 from corp. Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Serg't Samuel Low, must, in Oct. 24, 1861, pro. from 
 corp. Jan. 1, 1864. 
 
 Serg't Geo. Berger, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. from 
 corp. Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Serg't James W. Straw, must, in Dec. 10, 1861; pro. 
 from corp. Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Serg't Henry Shaffer, must, in Oct. 21, 1861, pro. 
 from corp. Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Serg't Wm. Schofield, must, in Dec. 23, 1861, disch. 
 Dec. 29, for wounds received at Tompkinsville, Ky., July 
 9, 1862. 
 
 Serg't Robt. McClelland, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 disch. on surg. certif . April 12, 1864. 
 
 Serg't David E. Beighell, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 disch. Dec. 24, 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 Serg't Dan'l Eisenberg, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; disch. 
 Dec. 24, 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 Serg't Isaac Myton, must, in Dec. 13, 1861; disch. 
 Dec. 24, 1864, expiration of term. 
 
 Serg't David R. B. Barry, must, in Oct. 23, 1861; 
 pro. to 2d lieut. Co. D. May 23, 1863. 
 
 Corp. Andrew P. McDonald, must, in Dec. 13, 1861; 
 pro. to corp. Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
122 
 
 Corp. Arthur B. Shaw, must in 24, 1861; pro. to 
 
 corp. Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Corp. Stephen Patterson, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 pro. to corp. June 1, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Nicholas Stephens, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. 
 to corp. June 1, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Dan'l. W. Smith, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. to 
 corp. Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Corp. Geo. Gregory, must, in Aug. 24, 1864; pro. to 
 corp. June 1, 1865. 
 
 Corp. John Burke, must, in March 11, 1864; pro. to 
 ccrp. Oct. 27, 1864. - 
 
 Corp. John Bloom, must, in May 5, 1864; pro. to corp. 
 Dec. 25, 1864. 
 
 Corp. J. B. McCullough, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; disch. 
 Dec. 24, 1864, exp. of term. 
 
 Corp. John A. Dillon, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; disch. 
 by G. 0. May 29, 1865. 
 
 Corp. B. F. Isenberg, must, in Aig. 19, 1864; disch. 
 by G. 0. May 29, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Henry S. Beeman, must, in Dec. 13, 1861; died 
 at Annapolis, Md., Jan. 1, 1865. 
 
 Corp. Wm. T. Arterberry, must, in Sept. 19, 1862, 
 died at Nashville, Tenn., July 26, 1863. 
 
 Corp. L. B. J. Hose, must, in Sept. 19, 1861. 
 
 THE ONE HUNDREDTH AND TENTH REGIMENT 
 —This regiment had one company (B) from Huntingdon 
 County. The regiment was organized at Camp Crossman 
 in the fall of 1861, under the following named field-officers, 
 viz.: Col. Wm. D. Lewis, Jr.; Lieut. Col. James Gother 
 (killed at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863), Maj. John C. 
 Johnston. Two of the adjutants of the regiment during 
 its term of service were Huntingdon County men, viz. : W. 
 F. Cunningham, of Co. D, and Lewis G. Stewart, of Co. B. 
 
 COMPANY B. 
 Capt. Seth Benner, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; res. Nov. 
 30, 1862. 
 
123 
 
 Capt. Isaac Rodgers, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. from 
 1st lieut. Dec. 1, 1862; to maj. Dec. 21, 1862, and to lieut. 
 col. and col. 
 
 Capt. John M. Skelly, must, in Dec. 19, 1861; pro. 
 from 1st serg't to 2d lieut. Dec. 16, 1862, to capt. Jan. 16, 
 1864; disch. by S. 0. Mar. 1, 1865. 
 
 1st Lieut Daniel Henkle, must, in Sept. 26, 1861; 
 pro. to 1st lieut. May 11, 1865, to capt. Dec. 21, 1862; 
 not must.; disch. Nov. 30, 1863. 
 
 1st lieut. John R. Pancoast, must, in Dec. 19, 1861; 
 pro. from q. m. serg't to 2d lieut. Oct. 1, 1862, to 1st lieut. 
 Dec. 21, 1862; com. capt. March 1, 1865; not must.; brev. 
 capt. April 9, 1865; must, out with company June 28, 
 1865. 
 
 2d lieut. Benj. F. Bare, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; res. 
 Feb. 28, 1862. 
 
 2d lieut. Sam'l B. Young, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 pro. from serg't Feb. 23, i862; res. Sept. 20, 1862. 
 
 2d lieut. Andrew J. Miller, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 pro. to 2d lieut. May 1, 1864; disch. on surg. certif. Dec. 
 7, 1864; Vet. 
 
 1st Serg't Enoch W. Edwards, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 pro. from serg't May 1, 1864; com. 1st lieut. Mar. 1, 1865; 
 not must.; must, out with company June 28, 1865; Vet. 
 
 1st Serg't Wm. P. Ramsey, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; 
 died May 2, 1862 from wounds rec'd in action. 
 
 Serg't Jas. M. Walls, must, in Oct. 24, 1861; pro. from 
 corp. June 3, 1864; com. 2d lieut. Mar. 1, 1865; not must.; 
 must, out with company June 28, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't G. Tate, must, in Dec. 19, 1861; pro. from corp. 
 Nov. 1, 1864; must, out with company June 28, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg't Sam'l K. Hicks, must, in Dec. 19, 1861; pro. 
 from corp. Nov. 1, 1864; must, out with company June 
 28, 1865; Vet. 
 
 Serg'ts Albert Hall, James French, David P. Stewart,' 
 Naum H. Apgar, Miles W. McCarthy, Thomas A. Ruggles, 
 Valentine Stewart, Washington J. Bell, Matthew G. Col- 
 lins, Sam'l D. Wilson. 
 
124 
 
 Corp's Daniel Snyder, Joseph M. Price, Wm. A. B. 
 Couch, Diern Ramsey, Dan'l C. Fleck, J. C. Coughenaur, 
 Wm. H. Miller, Lewis G. Stewart, John B. Musser, John G. 
 Moore, W. W. Withington, James V. Lee, Henry T. Stains, 
 Chas. E. Applebach, David P. Harvey. 
 
 Musicians, James E. Pool, Richard Carothers, John 
 M. Wallace, Wm. A. McConahy. 
 
 THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH 
 REGIMENT was raised in July and the first part of August 
 1862, under authority from Gov. Curtin to Lieut. Col. 
 Jacob Higgins, of Blair County, to recruit a nine month's 
 regiment as part of the quota of Pennsylvania under the 
 President's call of July 1, issued on account of the disasters 
 to the army of Gen. McClellan on the Peninsula. Four 
 companies were raised in Huntingdon Co., viz: "C," 
 
 I l -pi » } i( XT > > i i T > J 
 
 The rendezvous of the regiment was at Camp Curtin, 
 Harrisburg, where it was organized Aug. 16 under Col. 
 Jacob Higgins, Lieut. Col. Jacob Szink, and Maj. John 
 J. Lawrence as field officers. 
 
 COMPANY C. 
 
 Capt. William W. Wallace. 
 
 1st Lieut. Wm. B. Zeigler, L. Frank Watson. 
 
 2d Lieut. Wm. F. McPherran, Theo. L. Flood. 
 
 1st Serg't John D. Isett. 
 
 Sergt's Walter W. Greenland, J. R. McMurtrie, Chas. 
 E. Campbell, Henry A. Hoffman, J. Randolph Simpson, 
 Geo. A. Simpson. 
 
 Corp's Thos. C. Fisher, Z. G. Cresswell, Miles Zent- 
 mire, James E. Wilson, David P. Henderson, Robt. C. 
 Morrow, John R. Isenberg, Asbury Daaland, Thos. J. 
 Gregg, Albert C. Snyder, John F. Conrad, Benj. I. Williams. 
 
 Musician, Geo. W. Friedley. 
 
 COMPANY F. 
 
 Capt. John J. Lawrence, Wm. H. Simpson. 
 
 1st Lieut. Wm. C. Wagoner, Franklin H Lane. 
 
 2d Lieut. J. F. N. Householder. 
 
 1st Serg't Albert B. Flood. 
 
125 
 
 Serg'ts Geo. A. Black, James B. Geissinger, Valen- 
 tine Brown, David Hazard. 
 
 Corp's John G. Corbin, Thomas Blake, Wm. J. Hamp- 
 son, Joseph B. Farrer, Wm. Homan, Hampton C. Watson, 
 Alrich Paul, John H. Boring. 
 
 Musician, John L. Williams. 
 
 COMPANY H. 
 
 Capt. Henry H. Gregg. 
 
 First Lieut. John Flenner. 
 
 Second Lieut. Sam'l F. Stewart, James T. Foster. 
 
 First Serg't Geo. F. Painter. 
 
 Sergt's Jesse E. March, Abner P. Lane, Wm. L. De 
 Grant, Wm. H. Flenner, John W. Lytle. 
 
 Corp's Robt. Wilson, Wm. M. Davis, Henry C. Logan, 
 Lewis Gahagan, David Shaffer, Joseph Cox, Allison F 
 Crum, James A. Couch, Sam'l Hetrick, Peter Carton. 
 
 Musician, Sylvanus W. Gettys. 
 
 COMPANY I. 
 
 Capt. Wm. F. Thomas. 
 
 1st Lieut. Geo. Thomas. 
 
 2d Lieut. John D. Fee. 
 
 1st Serg't Wm. Bodley. 
 
 Sergt's Robt. H. Myers, David P. Kinkhead, Wm. 
 Pope, Geo. W. Hall, Thos. L. Hall, Alfred McCallister, 
 John H. Sower, John D. Coder, D. Porter Couch, Sam'l 
 Houck, Geo. H. Mitchell, James B. Harris, Dan'l Kauffman, 
 Andrew Harbison, Wm. A. Keister, Isaiah Foster, Edw. 
 H. Wist. 
 
 Musicians, Robfcon-Gill, Jas. H. Lightner. 
 ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-NINTH REGIMENT. 
 
 This Regiment was raised in July and August, 1862, 
 and rendezvoused at Harrisburg where it was organized 
 under Col. Roy Stone, previously major of the famous 
 "Bucktail" regiment of the Reserves. The lieu t. -col. 
 was Walton Dwight and the major Geo. W. Speer, of 
 Huntingdon, which county furnished one of the companies 
 composing the regiment, viz., Company I, of which the 
 original captain was Geo. W. Speer, who upon his pro- 
 
126 
 
 motion to the grade of major, was succeeded in the com- 
 mand of the company by Capt. Brice X. Blair, of Hunt- 
 ingdon. 
 
 COMPANY I. 
 
 Capt's Geo. W. Speer, Brice X. Blair, Sam'l Diffen- 
 derfer, David R. P. Neeley. 
 
 1st Lieut. Henry C. Weaver, Alfred A. Thompson, 
 C. S. Zimmerman, Jos. R. Shaver. 
 
 Sec. Lieut. D. C. M. Appleby. 
 
 1st Serg't James G. Gillam, Warren Raymond. 
 
 Sergt's Levi G. Graham, D. B. Lamberson, John F. 
 Ramsey, James M. Uhler, SamT J. Campbell, Sam! D. 
 Foust. 
 
 Corp's Peter North, David Harshbarger, John W. 
 Yocum, Geo. Goshhorn, Joseph Recker, Augustus Eber- 
 man, Sam'l H. Price, Franklin D. Rutter, Jas. H. Farmer, 
 Thos. J. McClure, Peter M. Minich, David A. McClure, 
 John W. North. 
 
 THE NINETEENTH CAVALRY, designated as the 
 One Hundred and Eightieth Regiment, contained one com- 
 pany (M) from Huntingdon county. The regiment was 
 organized at Camp Stanton, Philadelphia, in the fall of 
 1863, and mustered into the service for a term of three 
 years under Col. Alex. Cummings as its commanding 
 officer. 
 
 COMPANY M. 
 
 Capt. Sam'l L. Huett, 
 
 1st Lieut. Roland C. Allen. • 
 
 2d Lieut. Edward Brady, 
 
 1st Serg't Lorenzo D. Civills. 
 
 Q. M. Serg't Joseph H. Bond. 
 
 Com. Serg't Charles H. Hunt, John M. Sheeter. 
 
 Serg'ts James F. Foster, Jos. Garverieth, Geo. T. 
 Wallace, Lemuel Warner, Wm. A. Black, John A. Bradley. 
 
 Corp's Victor W. Dougherty, Abednego Keller, SamT 
 Stonebreaker, Jas. Collabine, Patrick Shannon, SamT 
 Row, John M. Kennedy, Jeremiah F. Burris. 
 
127 
 
 THE TWENTY-SECOND CAVALRY, designated as 
 the One Hundred and Eighty-Fifth Regiment, was formed 
 Feb. 22,1864, at a camp near Chambersburg, Pa., by uniting 
 seven companies which had been raised in 1861-62 in 
 Washington Co., Pa., (and known as the Ringgold Cavalry 
 Battalion) , with five other companies which had been raised 
 for the six month's service in July, 1863, and at the expira- 
 tion of their term of service mustered out and then re- 
 organized to form (with the Ringgold Battalion) the 
 Twenty-Second Cavalry, as above mentioned. 
 
 In the six month's battalion there was one company 
 (A) from Huntingdon County. 
 
 In the three year's organization Huntingdon County 
 furnished one company (K). 
 
 The field-officers of the Twenty-Second at its organ- 
 ization in Feb., 1864, as above mentioned, were: Col. 
 Jacob Higgins, Lieut. Col. Andrew J. Greenfield, and Major 
 Elias S. Troxell, and Henry A. Myers. 
 COMPANY A. 
 
 Capt. B. Mortimer Morrow, John D. Fee. 
 
 First Lieut. John H. Boring. 
 
 2nd Lieut. Eugene Dougherty. N 
 
 1st Serg't Jacob Cottle. 
 
 Q. M. Serg't Melchiah R. Evans, Martin C. Dryden. 
 
 Com. Serg't S. Wilson Gehrett, Geo. Ripple. 
 
 Sergt's Thos. J. Fee, Wm. J. Clove, Chas. M. Haines, 
 Israel Stever, John W. Foust. 
 
 Corp's Jas. Pennypacker, Wm. Lessick, Michael 
 Stever, Porter B. Baker, Archy Dell, Melchiah Corbin, 
 Richard Ramsey, Ashael Corbin, Abraham S. Butler, 
 Zachariah Pheasant, John McHugh, John Myers, Long 
 Loudon, John A. Miller. 
 
 COMPANY K (Three years). 
 
 Capt. John H. Boring. 
 
 1st Lieut. John S. Wiser. 
 
 2nd Lieut. Wm. F. Sharrer. 
 
 First Serg't David A. Gillis. 
 
 Q. M. Serg't Henry P. Decker. 
 
128 
 
 Com. Serg't Perry 0. Etchison. 
 
 Sergt's W. H. Daughenbaugh, Reid W. McDonald, 
 vVm. A. Grove, Allison H. Crum, John M. Gillis, James M. 
 Vanzant, Sam'l W. Gehrett. 
 
 Corps. Henry H. Buckley, John D. Richardson, John 
 R. Slack, Peter R. Miller, A. S. Henderson, Henry H. 
 Mateer, Jacob L. Buckley, Geo. W. Wogan, Robt. J. Boyles, 
 Wm. M. Gable, James E. Kirkpatrick. 
 
 ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-SECOND REGIMENT. 
 
 This regiment was originally composed of fourteen 
 companies, enlisted for one hundred days service, largely 
 made up of members of the One Hundred and Twentieth 
 Regiment of militia which had been called out in 1862, 
 and again in 1863. 
 
 The regiment was organized in July, 1864. In 1865 
 a second regiment also designated as the One Hundred 
 and Ninety-Second was organized for one year's service un- 
 der Col. Wm. W. Stewart. One company (B) was made 
 up largely of Huntingdon County men. 
 
 COMPANY B (One year). 
 
 Capt. Wm. F. Johnston, Thomas S. Johnston. 
 
 1st Lieut. Alfred Tyhurst. 
 
 2d Lieut. Henry Hoffman. 
 
 1st Serg 't Russel R. Henry. 
 
 Serg't Henry C. Carmon, David Hanley, Augustus 
 R. Deal, John Oneil, 
 
 Corp's Geo. Y. Kurtz, Jas. E. Thompson, Wm. Bricker, 
 Clifford Graffius, Thos. McBreen, Jas. C. Hight, Wm. 
 O'Donnell. 
 
 THE TWO HUNDRED AND SECOND REGIMENT 
 was organized for one year 's service at Camp Curtin, Sept. 
 3, 1864, under Col. James Albright. One company (K) was 
 recruited in Huntingdon County. 
 
 COMPANY K 
 Capt. A. Wilson Decker. 
 1st Lieut. John S. Morrison 
 2d Lieut. Peter Shaver. 
 
129 
 
 1st Serg't John A. Woodcock. 
 
 Serg't Henry Hudson, Wm. J. Hampson, Geo. M. 
 Spanogle, Sam'l L. Heeter. 
 
 Corp's John Wilson, John Price, Jacob B. Swope, 
 David Johns, Alfred Etnier, David B. Heck, Geo. D. Eyster, 
 John B. Chilcoat, Sam'l Booher. 
 
 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTH REGIMENT— The 
 rendezvous of this regiment was at Camp Curtin, where it 
 was organized Sept. 2, 1864, and was mustered into the 
 service for one year under the following named field officers, 
 viz.: Col. Joseph A. Matthews, Lieut. Col. Wm. F. Walter, 
 Maj. B. Mortimer Morrow. One of the companies (D) 
 was raised in Huntingdon County. 
 
 COMPANY D. 
 
 Capt. Thos. B. Reed. Rgj 
 
 First Lieut. Jonas B. Shoultz. 
 
 Second Lieut. Davis H. Geissinger. 
 
 1st Serg't David Shoultz. 
 
 Sergt's Frederick S. Fouse, Sam'l Rager, Reuben T. 
 Baker, John M. Gainer, Wm. S. Anderson. 
 
 Corp's John W. Porter, Theo. Renner, James D. Sloan, 
 Sam'l H. Grove, Theo. I. Shirk, Allen S. Anderson, Huston 
 E. Crum, Cornelius Trostle, James Hathaway, John Myers. 
 THIRD REGIMENT EMERGENCY MEN. 
 
 This regiment was called into service Sept. 11-13, 
 1862, to assist in repelling the threatened invasion of the 
 state at that time, and discharged Sept. 23-25, 1862. In 
 this regiment were many of the mcst prominent men of the 
 State, together with two companies, F and G, from Hunt- 
 ingdon and Blair Counties. 
 
 FIELD AND STAFF. 
 Colonel, Wm. Dorris, Jr.; Lieut. Colonel, William C. 
 Lawson; Major, Wm. Frick; Adjutant, Robert P. Allen 
 Quartermaster, Chas. A. Lane; Surgeon, Frank A. Bushey 
 Assistant Surgeons, E. W. Waltons, Jacob S. Bender 
 Chaplain, Justin R. Loomis; Serg't Major, John B. Lynn 
 Quartermaster Serg't, Jacob Stambaugh; Commissary 
 
130 
 
 Serg't, Wm. B. Holmes; Hospital Steward, W. Cook Cald- 
 well; Principal Musicians, Wm. Cooper, D. J. Wharton. 
 COMPANY F. 
 Captain, Geo. W. Garrettson; First Lieut., Wm. Lewis; 
 Second Lieut., Abram A. Jacobs; 1st Serg't, Roger C. 
 McGill; Serg'ts, Geo. Jackson, James A. Brown, Wm. 
 Africa, Abram V. Westbrcok; Corporals, Wm. Williams, 
 Livingston Robb, Peter C. Swoope, Samuel G. Whittaker, 
 Christian Lcng, Herry McMarigill, David Grove, Robt. 
 Martin; Musician, Chas. Bivirs. 
 
 PRIVATES. 
 
 David Blair. 
 
 Samuel T. Brown. 
 
 Washington Buchanan. 
 
 James Buchanan. 
 
 James Brenington. 
 
 Geo. Bradley. 
 
 John M. Bailey. 
 
 Wm. Bolen. 
 
 Jos. R. Carmon. 
 
 John Chilcott. 
 
 Augustus L. Chestnutwood. 
 
 Andrew Clark. 
 
 Theo. H. Cremer. 
 
 Wm. C. Cunningham. 
 
 Wm. C. Clement. 
 
 James Findley. 
 
 Abram Fay. 
 
 Benj. Graffius. 
 
 Henry Glazier. 
 
 John L. Gleim. 
 
 David P. Gwin. 
 
 Sam'l Hatfield. 
 
 Wm. Hatfield. 
 
 Jos. Hanigar. 
 
 Adam Hoffman. 
 
 John Heffner. 
 
 Orlady Heffner. 
 
 Uriah B. Lewis. 
 P. Marion Lytle. 
 John Low. 
 Isaac Long. 
 John Myers. 
 John A. Miller. 
 John G. Miles. 
 John McCracken. 
 Dan'l Newingham. 
 Wm. A. Orbison. 
 John P. Orr. 
 Geo. W. Patterson. 
 James Post. 
 John Roland, Jr. 
 David Roland. 
 David Reed. 
 Wm. K. Rahm. 
 R. Milton Speer. 
 Michael Snyder. 
 John Skees. 
 John Straighthoof 
 Henry Snare. 
 Samuel Steel. 
 Wm. Stapleton. 
 John Scott. 
 Henry Stouffer. . 
 Jas. L. Thomas. 
 
131 
 
 PRIVATES (Continued). 
 David Houpt. John Vandevander. 
 
 John Hatfield. Wm. S. White. 
 
 Thos. King. Robt. Woods. 
 
 COMPANY G. 
 Capt., Jos. Johnston; 1st Lieut., James Long; 2nd 
 Lieut., Benj. M. Elliott; 1st Serg't, Wm. H. DeArmitt; 
 Serg'ts, Jas. R. McCauley, Wm. W. Strieker, John Hagans, 
 Jos. Houp; Corporals, Smith D. Elliott, John S. Wright, 
 Isaac N. Stevens, Geo. M. Cresswell, John Yocum, Jos. 
 McCarty, Wm. Quinn, Jr., Benj. L. Neff; Musicians, Wm. 
 Cooper (pro. to principal musician), D. S. Bryan. 
 PRIVATES: 
 
 Timothy Barnacle. 
 Wm. Benton. 
 Matthew E. Cresswell. 
 Sam'l Conrad. 
 L. J. Curley. 
 Thos. L. Chilcotte. 
 Nicholas Conroy. 
 Wm. Chesney. 
 Wm. Conrad. 
 Wm. P. Davis. 
 Henry Davis, Jr. 
 Jas. H. Davis. 
 Sam'l D. Davis. 
 John G. Decker. 
 Paul H. Dillinger 
 John T. Dopp. 
 John Forbes. 
 Jas. Gilland. 
 Wesley Gregory. 
 Wm. Gilland. 
 Matthew Gilland. 
 Elias Hewitt. 
 Henry Heff right. 
 Sam'l Hammers. 
 John Hagan. 
 
 Jacob Long. 
 John Myton. 
 Kennedy J. Myton. 
 Albert Maffet. 
 Sam'l H. Myton. 
 John A. Myers. 
 M. F. McCartney. 
 Jas. McCafferty. 
 John Nelson, Jr. 
 Rudolph Neff. 
 Jacob Roush. 
 Theo. Renner. 
 Thos. Rogers. 
 George Reeder. 
 Wm. A. Stevens. 
 J. H. Smith. 
 Jacob Shuder. 
 Samuel Steele. 
 Abraham Stevens. 
 Asberry Thompson. 
 Geo. Wall. 
 Jonathan Wall. 
 Edward C. Wilson. 
 Jas. Wilson. 
 Henry Wilson. 
 
132 
 
 PRIVATES (Continued). 
 
 David H. Harvey. James Whitesell. 
 
 Solomon Hamer. Joseph L. Wilson. 
 
 John D. Johnston. Geo. Worley. 
 
 Thos. J. Jackson. Henry S. Wood. 
 
 Thos. Johnston. Miles Yocum. 
 
 David Kuhn. Emanuel Zeek. 
 Wm. Lewis. 
 
 Huntingdon County Men in Other Regiments. 
 SECOND RESERVE REGIMENT. 
 
 COMPANY F. 
 Capt. John Eichelberger. 
 1st Lieut. Lewis B. Waltz. 
 
 FIFTY-SIXTH REGIMENT. 
 Lieut. J. T. Hutchinson. 
 
 SEVENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. 
 
 COMPANY K. 
 
 Capt. John Brewster. 
 
 1st Lieut. David G. Enyeart. 
 
 2d Lieut. H. M. Sangue. 
 
CHAPTER XVIX. 
 
 Military — The Spanish- American War. 
 
 UNTINGDON furnished one company of in- 
 fantry in the war with Spain — Company A, 
 Fifth Regiment Infantry, Pennsylvania Volun- 
 teers. This Company was organized May — , 
 1889, and mustered into the service of the 
 State as Co. A, 5th Regt. Inf., National Guard 
 of Pennsylvania. Pursuant to orders frcm the A. G. of 
 Penna., (in response to the call by the President for troops 
 for service in the war with Spain) the company entrained 
 at Huntingdon on the evening of April 27, 1898, joining 
 the other companies of the regiment and proceeded to the 
 mobilization point at Mt. Gretna, Pa., arriving at destina- 
 tion early on the morning of April 28, the regiment being 
 the earliest infantry troops to arrive. 
 
 The officers of the company were: Jno. S. Bare, Capt. ; 
 John C. Dunkle, First Lieut.; E. E. Eck, Second Lieut. 
 
 The regimental field officers were: Col. Theo. Burch- 
 field, of Altoona; Lt. Col. Rufus C. Elder, of Lewistown; 
 Maj. John P. Kennedy, of Blairsville, and Maj. Robt. N. 
 McNamara, of Bedford. 
 
 On May 11, 1898, the regiment was mustered into the 
 United States service. On May 17th it broke camp and 
 entrained for Chickamauga, Ga., arriving on May 19, and 
 went into camp along the Alexander Bridge road on the 20th. 
 In July the regiment was recruited to twelve companies 
 of 106 men each. It was assigned to the First Brigade, 
 Third Division, First Army Corps. The regiment remained 
 at Chickamauga until Aug. 22, when it moved to Lexing- 
 ton, Kentucky, and went into Camp (Hamilton). On 
 
134 
 
 Sept. 17th the regiment was granted a thirty -days furlough. 
 Company A arrived home Sunday, Sept. 18th, when it 
 was met by a large number of citizens and escorted to the 
 armory when addresses of welcome were delivered. It 
 was mustered out Nov. 7, 1898. Although there were 
 many serious cases of illness in the company, owing to 
 the typhoid fever prevailing in camp, the comDany suffered 
 no fatalities. 
 
CHAPTER XX. 
 
 Military— Encampments at Huntingdon. 
 
 URING the Civil War the town of Huntingdon 
 was frequently the scene of military excitement. 
 As early as September 1, 1861, a camp for 
 the rendezvous of soldiers was located about 
 three miles from the town in Oneida Township 
 on the Shoemaker farm, and was named Camp 
 Crossman. 
 
 At this camp the 84th and 110th Penna. Volunteer 
 Regiments were recruited, together with what was known 
 as the Irish Brigade, and remained until about Dec. 1st, 
 1861, when they were transferred to Camp Curtin at Harris- 
 burg. While these soldiers were at Camp Crossman a 
 guard was stationed in Huntingdon and had their tents on 
 Third Street between Penn and Washington Streets. The 
 soldiers composing this guard were posted throughout the 
 town at the various street corners and their duty was to 
 arrest soldiers who were absent from camp in desregard 
 of orders and to keep the peace. At the rear of the Court 
 House on Washington Street a calaboose was improvised 
 by the use of the body of an old market car which was 
 about the size of a modern "caboose' ' car. 
 
 At a later period of the war several independent Batta- 
 lions recruited from Huntingdon, Centre and Blair Counties, 
 in response to President Lincoln's call for 100,000 men to 
 serve for a period of six months, issued June 15, 1863, when 
 the Confederate troops were marching towards Pennsyl- 
 vania, rendezvoused in a camp about a mile and a half 
 from Huntingdon in what was then known as Walker 
 
136 
 
 Township, on the Kerr farm. These soldiers were mustered 
 into service early in July, 1863, just after the battle of 
 Gettysburg, and remained in their camp until August 8, 
 1863, when they were discharged. 
 
CHAPTER XXI. 
 
 Military— Fear of Confederate Invasion and Battle 
 
 of North Mountain. 
 
 URING the month of June, 1863, intense excite- 
 ment prevailed throughout the county. Many 
 rumors were circulated that the Confederate 
 troops would soon be in our midst. In the 
 latter part of the month many of the citizens 
 
 _ ^_ of Huntingdon were engaged in hiding their 
 
 valuables' in cellars, cisterns, gardens and wherever they 
 thought they might be safe from the invading foe. 
 
 On the evening of June 15th a meeting was called in 
 the Court House for the purpose of enlisting men, ostensibly 
 to guard the Pennsylvania Railroad at Mount Union. 
 Patriotic addresses were made by a number cf Huntingdon's 
 prominent citizens and under the enthusiasm created by 
 these addresses a company of about 126 was organized 
 and transported by railroad to Mount Union at midnight 
 where they bivouacked for the night after properly post- 
 ing pickets. In the morning they were furnished with 
 arms and ammunition from the State Arsenal. Captain 
 William W. Wallace, who had served gallantly on the 
 battlefield of Antietam and Chancellors ville as Captain 
 of Company "C" 125th Regiment P. V. I., and which had 
 been mustered out in May, 1863, had been chosen as com- 
 mander of the company. He, with the company, inspected 
 a block house built near the railroad bridge crossing the 
 Juniata River, but concluded that the best defense of the 
 railroad was to prevent the enemy from getting near it, 
 and consequently moved the company to Orbisonia, twelve 
 
138 
 
 miles distant from Mount Union, and remained there over 
 night. 
 
 The next day the company was moved farther south 
 and by short moves McConnellsburg, Fulton County, was 
 reached June 22nd. Remaining here two days, on the 
 evening of the 24th about 5 o'lcock word was received 
 that "Jeb" Stuart's cavalry was crossing the mountains 
 toward McConnellsburg. A battalicn cf about 300 militia 
 under command cf Col. Zinn was posted on the top of 
 Cove Mountain on the Mercersburg pike, the route on which 
 Stuart was appioacbirg, and Captain Wallace with his 
 company, now dwindled to 27 men, started up the mountain 
 at once to assist in the preventing of Stuart's purpose, 
 but what was his surprise to meet Col. Zinn and his battalion 
 of militia in full retreat. Nothing daunted, he proceeded 
 with his little company up the mountain until the tramp 
 of the horse, the rattle of the sabre and the voices of the 
 invader could be distinctly heard. Then he deployed his 
 men along the mountain side at a distance of about sixty 
 feet from the road in sqrads of five, and at a given signal 
 opened fire on the Confederate trocps consisting of about 
 2500 well organized and disciplined infantry, cavalry and 
 artillery. 
 
 The Confederates were then halted and a surrender of 
 Captain Wallace's command was called for, which demand 
 was not complied with, but instead a continuance fire was 
 kept up, which was responded to by the Confederates, 
 the bullets from their guns striking the bushes and rocks 
 like hail. Finally they threw several shell into the moun- 
 tain and had the little band almost surrounded. Then it 
 was either surrender or retreat, so the latter course rwas 
 pursued and each one took care of himself. The result 
 was that they all escaped in squads of two or three, with- 
 out losing a man, although some made narrow escapes, 
 many having their clothing cut by balls. They were scatter- 
 ed in all directions; some of them being between the Con- 
 federate lines for several days; some remained in the woods 
 from Wednesday until Saturday when they were all reunited 
 
139 
 
 at McConnellsburg. In this conflict the Confederates 
 afterwards acknowledged they had lost five killed and 
 thirteen wounded, beside the loss of several horses. As 
 a result of this attack Genl. Stuart only proceeded as far 
 as McConnellsburg, fearing there might be more troops to 
 interfere with his march to Mount Union, to which place 
 he had been ordered with directions to burn the bridge 
 and destroy the railroad. Had this attack not been made 
 he would probably have reached Mount Union in the 
 morning of May 25th, as there were no opposing forces be- 
 tween McConnellsburg and Mount Union. This was one 
 of the first conflicts with the Confederates on Pennsyl- 
 vania soil and preceeded the battle of Gettysburg by one 
 week. 
 
 The following is an extract from the minutes of a meet- 
 ing of the Board of Directors of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
 in reference to the attack made by Captain Wallace and his 
 company: 
 
 Extracts from the minutes of a meeting of the Board 
 of Directors of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, held 
 September 2nd. 1863. 
 
 "The following letters were read: 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa., July 31, 1863. 
 
 To the President and Directors of the Pennsylvania 
 Railroad Company. 
 
 Gentlemen: Having been in the capacity of an as- 
 sistant to the Adjutant General of this state at Mt. Union, 
 during a part of the rebel invasion, and in a position to 
 know the service rendered to your road by the faithful 
 discharge of military duty by Captain W. W. Wallace and 
 the men under his command, I deemed it a duty to obtain 
 from him the names of his men that I might transmit them 
 to you. 
 
 He went out at the first alarm with a company of 
 militia from Huntingdon and remained in service with the 
 men named by him until the 24th day of June. 
 
 On that day the rebels started from Mercersburg under 
 the belief that no opposing force was between them and 
 
140 
 
 Mt. Union and intending to push in that direction. 
 
 Captain Wallace learning this, went with his little 
 squad upon the mountain and, as he very modestly relates, 
 attacked the advancing forces. 
 
 It had the effect of checking the advance, producing 
 the impression that it was but the advance of a large force, 
 when in truth no other armed force was then in the field 
 in their march to Mt. Union. Had it not been for this 
 attack the road might and probably would have been cut 
 at that point. 
 
 In addition to the service thus rendered to the road 
 they have the merit of drawing the first rebel blood that 
 was spilled in the invasion of Pennsylvania, and as they 
 are all young men, I have deemed it but an act of justice 
 to them that their names should be where you can have 
 access to them and know who they were. 
 
 For that purpose I selected and now send to you the 
 note addressed to me by Captain Wallace. 
 
 Yours Respectfully, 
 
 JOHN SCOTT." 
 "Huntingdon, Pa., July 7, 1863. 
 "John Scott, Esq., 
 
 Solicitor Penna. R. R. Co. 
 Dear Sir: Agreeable to your request I transmit you 
 herewith a list of the names of those who on the 24th day 
 of June, 1863, marched with me from McConnellsburg road 
 to the Cove Mountain Pass, on the Mercersburg road, to 
 check the advance of a brigade of rebels. The best evi- 
 dence of the manner in which they sustained themselves 
 in the encounter which ensued, consists in the admission of 
 the enemy, who acknowledged a loss of five killed and the 
 wounded are variously estimated from twelve to thirty. 
 The enemy by throwing out a heavy force of skirmishers 
 dislodged us and obliged us to withdraw, which I am happy 
 to say we accomplished without the loss of a man. The 
 following are the names: 
 John A. McCahan, Hollidaysburg. 
 
 William A. Orbison, Huntingdon. 
 
141 
 
 NAMES (Continued). 
 J. H. 0. Corbin, 
 James K. Moorehead, 
 Sam'l A. Steel, 
 Benson W. Conrad, 
 Matthew W. Taylor, 
 Henry P. Decker, ; 
 
 Henry Willoughby, 
 Thomas King, 
 James Long, 
 
 Samuel Hatfield, 'i 
 
 John Hatfield, ^ ^ 
 
 John Sho waiter, f ,f -;' 
 
 James Lee, 
 
 Kelley, 
 
 John Miller, I 
 Seely B. McCarthy, 
 Henry Hebshler, 
 T. Edward McVitty, 
 John Heeter, 
 Richard Hudson, 
 Dyson Fraker, 
 Taylor, 
 
 Huntingdon. 
 
 Mill Creek. 
 
 a 
 
 Shirleysburg. 
 Scottsville. 
 
 Fort Littleton. 
 
 Lieut. James Pott, ■' McConnelsburg. 
 
 Wm. Leisthter, 
 Geo. W. Wilds, 
 
 I have the honor to be respectfully your obedient 
 servant. 
 
 WM. W. WALLACE." 
 
 "Office of the Penna. R. R. Co. 
 
 Philadelphia, Sept. 3, 1863. 
 "At a stated meeting of the Board of Directors of this 
 Company held yesterday, the following resolutions were 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of the Board of Directors of 
 this Company are hereby tendered Captain Wallace and his 
 men for their noble and patriotic efforts on the 24th day of 
 
142 
 
 June last, in preventing a rebel force from injuring the 
 road of this Company near Mt. Union. 
 
 (Signed) EDMUND SMITH, 
 
 Secretary." 
 Extract from Philadelphia Inquirer, 
 
 Jine 26, 1865. 
 Mcllwaine's Hotel, 14 miles west of McConnellsburg, 
 June 25, 1863. The rebels in force entered McConnells- 
 burg last evening, June 24th. A regiment of militia under 
 
 Col. fell back at the advance of the enemy, but 
 
 an independent company under Captain Wallace took a 
 position in the mountain and bushwhacked the rebels with 
 great success. Numbers of rebels are known to have been 
 killed, but the extent of their loss is unknown. Fears are 
 entertained for the safety of Captain Wallace and his 
 company as up to this morning he has not made his appear- 
 ance. It is believed he has retreated to the other side of 
 the mountain. 
 
 The Regular Army. 
 
 george Mcknight Williamson. 
 
 Major United States Army; born at Shade Gap, Hunt- 
 ingdon County, Pa., July 5th, 1863; son of William Mc- 
 Knight Williamson; entered the Military academy at West 
 Point, 1883; graduated 1887; and appointed Secord Lieu- 
 tenant, Sixth United States Cavalry; promoted First 
 Lieutenant, Eighth United States Cavalry 1895; Captain 
 and Assistant Quartermaster of United States Volunteers, 
 1898, and Captain and Assistant Quartermaster Regular 
 Army, 1899; served in the west and northwest in New 
 Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Dakota, Nebraska and Wy- 
 oming until September, 1893; Professor of Military Science 
 and Tactics at Pennsylvania Military College, Chester, 
 Pa., 1893 to 1897; in Porto Rico, August, 1898 to 1900, 
 with the First Army Corps under Gen. Brooke; in command 
 of Schuylkill Arsenal, Philadelphia, February, 1900, to 
 September, 1901; Depot Quartermaster and Commissary 
 Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, 1901 to 1902; Depot Quarter- 
 
143 
 
 master Boston and Chicago 1902 to 1906; and 1906 stationed 
 in Philippine Islands at Manilla and Zamboango, and since 
 December, 1907, has been Constructing Quartermaster 
 with headquarters at San Francisco, where he has charge 
 of a large amount of new work being done at the forts in 
 and about San Francisco. 
 
 al-Vli !.«: 
 
CHAPTER XXII. 
 
 Incidents of the Early History of Huntingdon, Pa., 
 
 and Notes of Its Present Condition. 
 
 HE first white visitors to the upper part of the 
 valley of the Juniata, of whom any written ac- 
 count has been preserved, were traders, en- 
 gaged in traffic with the natives, exchanging 
 goods for furs and skins. On incursions made 
 during the first half of the eighteenth century 
 they found a tribe located upon grourd now in the south- 
 eastern part of the Borough of Huntingdon. Arching 
 around a tall, slim pillar of stone, covered with hieroglyphics, 
 were wigwams or lodges of the browned sons of the forest. 
 Besides their chief vocation of hunting and fishing, they 
 cultivated corn in patches of land which they had cleared 
 on the flats adjacent to the river and creek. The stone 
 referred to, which was supposed to bear in its cabalistic 
 inscriptions a record of the history and achievements of 
 the tribe, was regarded with great veneration by the natives, 
 and its conspicuous position and appearance led the white 
 visitors to designate the locality by the name "STAND- 
 ING STONE." This stone stood above Second street be- 
 tween the Pennsylvania railroad and the river, on or near 
 No. 208 Allegheny street, once owned by the estate of 
 George Thomas, deceased. Conrad Weiser, an Indian 
 interpreter in the employ of the Provincial government, 
 made a trip from his home in Berks County to the Ohio 
 river in 1748, and mentions the Standing Stone in his 
 journal under the date of 18th of August. John Harris, 
 father of the founder of Harrisburg, in his account of a 
 

145 
 
 journey to Logstown on the Ohio, made in 1754, describes 
 the stone as being "about 14 feet high, 6 inches square." 
 
 The Proprietaries of the province, mindful of the rights 
 of the natives and anxious to promote peace with them, 
 would not grant lards nor permit settlements to be made 
 until the Indian title had been purchased. At a treaty 
 held at Albany on the 6th day of July, 1754, the Six Nations, 
 consisting of the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayu- 
 gas, Senecas and Tuscaroras, executed a deed to the Pro- 
 prietaries for a large portion of the territory of the pro- 
 vince including the whole of the valley of the Juniata. 
 Soon after this event the resident tribe sought a home 
 elsewhere and it has been supposed that the stone was 
 taken along. 
 
 After the departure of the Indians a second stone was 
 erected by the settlers on the site of the original one. That 
 stone is mentioned in a diary of Rev. Philip Fithian, a 
 Presbyterian clergyman, who made a visit to the frontier 
 churches in 1775, as follows: " Wednesday, August 23d. 
 I had almost forgotten to tell the person who shall read 
 these papers a couple hundred years hence that there is now 
 standirg in a garden at Huntingdon a tall stone column 
 or pillar nearly square, which has given to the town and 
 valley the name of "Standing Stone Valley." The column 
 is seven feet above the ground." It was removed prob- 
 aby on account of the improvement of the lot upon which 
 it steed to the center of Third at the south line of Penn 
 street in front of the old Court House. It had traced up- 
 on it numerous cabalistic characters and the names of 
 John Lukens, proprietary surveyor general, with the 
 date 1768, Charles Lukens, Thomas Smith, brother of Rev. 
 Dr. Smith, afterward successively Deputy Surveyor and 
 Judge of the Supreme Court and others. A part of this 
 stone is in possession of Mr. E. C. Summers, a resident 
 of this borough. Ui 
 
 Hugh Crawford was the first white owner of the land 
 at Huntingdon. He claimed to have an improvement 
 here in 1753-1754, and by deed executed at Fort Pitt, 
 
146 
 
 June 1, 1760, conveyed to George Croghan "a certain 
 tract of land of four hundred acres on the north side of the 
 Frankstown Brarch of Juniata, known by the name of 
 the Standing Stone, including my improvements there- 
 on from the mouth of Standing Stone Creek to the cross- 
 ing up the creek, and to the upperward part of the small 
 island. On the 10th day of December, 1764, Croghan ob- 
 tained from the proprietaries a warrant for the tract and 
 by deed dated the 25th day of March, 1766, he convey- 
 ed the same to "William Smith, D. D., provost of the 
 college of Philadelphia." On the 6th day of May fol- 
 lowing, a survey was made by Samuel Finley, an assist- 
 ant of William Maclay, then one of the Deputy Surveyors 
 for the county of Cumberland, of "the Standing Stone 
 place and Crawfords," including 1558f acres. On the 
 6th day of September, 1776, another survey was made 
 by Maclay extending along the Juniata from the quarry 
 below Standirg Stone Creek to the upper point of Cypress 
 island, a distance exceeding two miles in length. That 
 survey was returned to the Land office and some years 
 later was confirmed to Dr. Smith by patent in which, as 
 well as in Mac lays return, it is designated as "The Stand- 
 ing Stone tract. ' 
 
 Doctor Smith obtained office titles for the greater por- 
 tion of the land included in the survey made by Samuel 
 Finley, and also to numerous other tracts in the vicinity. 
 In 1767 he caused a town to be laid out on the Crawford 
 or Croghan tract to which he afterward gave the name 
 HUNTINGDON (see map) in honor of Selina, the Countess 
 of Huntingdon in England, who had been a munificent 
 donor to the college of Philadelphia, afterward called the 
 University of Pennsylvania, of which he was then provost. 
 
 The oldest title found is a conveyance by Dr. Smith 
 to Samuel Anderson, dated Sept. 7, 1768, for Lot. No. 12, 
 part of which was formerly owned and occupied by John 
 W. Mattern. It recites that "William Smith hath laid 
 
 out a certain town, called , at Standing Stone, on 
 
 Juniata, in the county of Cumberland, and divided the same 
 
147 
 
 into streets and lots regularly named and numbered and 
 sold subject to an annual ground rent of one Spanish 
 milled dollar." 
 
 A fort was built here at an early date. Its precise 
 locality is not known, but tradition fixes its site at 
 the intersection of Penn and Second streets. It was con- 
 structed of stockades and was provided with barracks, 
 block-houses and magazines constructed from heavy hewn 
 timber. A blacksmith shop that stood at No. 205 Penn 
 street until about 854, was built from hewn logs that 
 were taken from the fort. The fort was supposed to 
 have been erected by the early settlers as a defence against 
 Indian forays, but on a French map, constructed as early 
 as 1758, this locality is marked "F. STANDEN STONE." 
 
 The town limits fixed in 1767 were subsequently en- 
 larged and a plan was placed on record on the 14th day 
 of November, 1795. A borough charter was passed by 
 the General Assembly on the 29th day of March, 1796. 
 It provided for the election of the corporation officers 
 annually. That feature was changed and the limits ex- 
 tended by the act of 1855. 
 
 A remarkable blunder was committed by some person, 
 in making the record show the "Market Place" at Fifth 
 and Washington, instead of Fifth and Penn streets. The 
 boundaries given therein are the same as those described 
 on the recorded plan, and begin at a stone corner at the 
 river 200 feet east of Second street and run thence N. 24 E. 
 109.7 perches to a stone; thence N. 66 degrees W., through 
 the Cemetery and along the southern side of Oneida street, 
 157 perches to a stone at the western line of Seventh street; 
 thence S. 24 degrees W.,including Seventh street,110 perches 
 or thereabouts to the river; thence down the same to the 
 place of beginning. At an election held on the first Mon- 
 day of April following, Benjamin Elliott was chosen Chief 
 Burgess. 
 
 While Judge Elliott and his associate fathers were 
 busying themselves in completing the corporate organiza- 
 tion of the infant borough, Jonathan Priestly, assessor, 
 
148 
 
 with John Pattern ard Jchn Williams, assistants, was 
 enrolling the inhabitants of the township of Huntingdon, 
 and listing their property subject to taxation. From their 
 return made in the spring of 1796, the following schedule 
 of names ard occupations of citizens of the borough was 
 made, to which is added the street and number of their 
 residences where the same could be obtained. An append- 
 ed asterisk (*) indicates that the person named has de- 
 scendants now living here. 
 
 HOUSE-HOLDERS. 
 * Africa, Michael, brick maker and dyer, 321, 323 Alleghany. 
 Armitage, John, mechanic. 
 Blair, John, 617, 619 Penn. 
 Cadwallader, John, lawyer, 305, 307 Alleghany. 
 Chambers, Arthur, surveyor, N. E. cor. Penn & Second, 2 lots 
 Colestock, Christian, shoemaker, 313, 315 Alleghany. 
 Cutlip, Jonathan, nailer. 
 Davis, John, hatter, 424, 426 Alleghany. 
 Dean, Alexander, tavern keeper-and shop-keeper, S. E. 
 
 corner of Alleghany and Second. 
 Deardurff, Abraham, nailer, 604, 606 Penn. 
 *Dorland, John, tailor, N. E. corner Penn and Fifth. 
 Drury, James, tailor. 
 
 Drury, Stephen, silversmith, W. lot of Court House grounds. 
 Eckelberger, Valentine, blacksmith, 313, 315 Alleghany. 
 *Elliott, Benjamin, shopkeeper, N. W. cor. Alleghany & 
 
 Second. 
 *Elliott, James, tanner, Penn above Sixth. 
 Eshelman, (widow). 
 Evans, Ellis, joiner, (carpenter or cabinet maker) 617, 
 
 619 Mifflin. 
 Evans, Mark. 
 *Fockler, George. 
 Fulton, James, mason. 
 Funk, Michael, weaver, 209, 211 Penn. 
 George, John, joiner, 409, 411 Alleghany. 
 *Glazier, Daniel, tavern-keeper, N. side Alleghany, above 
 
 Second. 
 
149 
 
 *Gwin, Patrick. 
 
 Harden, James, shoemaker. 
 
 Harr, Everard, shopkeeper, 421, 423 Perm. 
 
 *Haynes, Abraham, N. side Alleghany, above Second. 
 
 Henderson, Andrew, prothonotary, 325, 327 Alleghany. 
 
 *Hoffman, Peter, potter, 517, 519 Alleghany. 
 
 Householder, Adam. 
 
 * Householder, George, blacksmith, 304, 306 Alleghany. 
 Howe, Abraham, chairmaker, 401-407 Mifflin. 
 
 * Johnston, Rev. John, Presbyterian Pastor S. E. corner 
 
 Perm and Second. 
 Ker, Thomas, 529, 531 Penn. 
 Ker, William, shopkeeper. 
 Kimberling, Henry, tailor. 
 
 * Kurtz, Frederick, joiner, 329, 335 Mifflin. 
 Law, Mark, N. side of Mifflin, above Sixth. 
 Lewis, John, shoemaker, Penn. 
 
 Light, John. • 
 
 Linkswiler, — , wagonmaker, N. side Alleghany, above 
 
 Fourth. 
 Litzinger, Simon, mason. 
 Lutz, Andrew, weaver. 
 McClane, William, shoemaker. 
 McConnell, Alexander, shopkeeper, S. W. cor. Penn and 
 
 Fourth. 
 McConnell, William, tavern-keeper, 421, 423 Allegheny. 
 *McMurtie, David, Fourth below Penn. 
 *McMurtie, James. 
 
 McNutt, John, shopkeeper, 605, 607 Penn. 
 Marshal^ John, tavern-keeper. 
 Martin, George, mason, 317, 319 Mifflin. 
 Metz, Lewis, saddler, S. side of Alleghany, above Third. 
 Miers, Joseph, joiner, 529, 531 Alleghany. 
 Miers, Michael, 605, 607 Mifflin. 
 Moyers, John, 313, 315 Alleghany. 
 Miller, Christley, tanner. 
 *Miller, Henry, shopkeeper, 409, 411 Penn. 
 Miller, William, tailor, 407 Alleghany. 
 
150 
 
 Nesbit, James, physician, 608-614 Perm. 
 
 Newman, Peter, skindresser, S. side Alleghany, above 
 
 Fourth. 
 *Patton, John. 
 Patton, Joseph, tanner. 
 
 Potter, Simon, tavern-keeper, 324, 326 Alleghany. 
 Priestly, Jonathan. 
 
 Reynolds, George, 212, 214 Alleghany. 
 Rothrock, Frederick, saddler, 313, 315 Penn. 
 *Saxton, James, shoemaker, 424, 426 Penn. 
 Sells, John, Hatter, 413, 415 Mifflin. 
 Sells, Ludwig. 
 Sells, Samuel. 
 *Simpson, John, blacksmith, N. W. cor. Penn and Second 
 
 2 lots. 
 Simpson, Matthew, tavern-keeper, 417, 419 Penn, 
 Simpson, Robert, weaver, 501, 507 Alleghany. 
 .*Shultz, Lawrence, tavern-keeper, 320, 322 Alleghany. 
 Smith, Adam, joiner. 
 Smith, Philip, tailor, 308, 310 Penn. 
 Steel, Samuel, tavern-keeper, 416, 418 Penn. 
 *Steel, William, shopkeeper, 317, 319 Penn. 
 Stevens, Peter, tailor, 509, 511 Penn. 
 *Sturtzman, Adam, S. side Alleghany, above Fourth. 
 *Swoope, Peter, hatter, 325, 327 Penn. 
 Sytes, Stophel, 
 
 Tanner, Hugh, weaver, 309, 311 Penn. 
 Travilla, Richard, chairmaker. 
 Weidner, Jacob, (?) Jackson House, Alleghany. 
 *Westbrook, (widow), 410 Penn. 
 *Whittaker, Thomas, tavern-keeper, S. W. corner Alleghany 
 
 and Fourth. 
 Will, Peter, cooper, 401, 407 Alleghany. 
 Wright, John, shoemaker. 
 
 SINGLE FREEMEN. 
 Armitage, Benjamin, carpenter. 
 Ballow, Daniel, cooper. 
 *Brotherline, Charles, S. side of Alleghany, E. of Second. 
 
151 
 
 Campbell, Robert, joiner, S. W. corner Fifth and Penn. 
 
 Clark, James, weaver. 
 
 Eckelberger, Stephen, wagonmaker, 301, 303 Washington. 
 
 Fling, John. 
 
 Foley, James, 401, 403 Penn. 
 
 Gainor, John, tailor. 
 
 Gillespie, Thomas, distiller. 
 
 *Graffius, Martin, tinner, 405, 407 Penn. 
 
 Griffith, John, teacher, S. E. corner Alleghany and Fifth. 
 
 Haynes, Jacob, nailer. 
 
 Henderson, Jonathan, lawyer. 
 
 Huston, William, weaver. 
 
 McAvay, Dennis. 
 
 McCaleb, John, joiner. 
 
 McCaleb, William, tanner. 
 
 McConnell, James, weaver. 
 
 McConneir, John, shopkeeper. 
 
 Morton, James, tailor. 
 
 *Patton, Benjamin, joiner. 
 
 Rothrock, Daniel, saddler. 
 
 Rothrock, Joseph, silversmith. 
 
 Rudisell, Jonas, tanner. 
 
 Simpson, Robert, joiner. 
 
 Smith, Richard, lawyer. 
 
 Stroupe, Anthony. 
 
 Wilson, George, physician, 405, 407 Washington. 
 
 The same names appear on the assessment for 1797, 
 except Jonathan Cutlip, marked removed; (widow) Eshle- 
 
 man . _ Linkswiler, Lewis Metz, Adam Smith, and 
 
 Dennis McAvay, but with the addition of that of Alex- 
 ander King, 229, 231 Mifflin. 
 
 The proprietor of the town donated plots of ground 
 for a public school, cemetery and to each of the six reli- 
 gious denominations, to wit: German Calvanist, Roman 
 Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist, Presbyterian and Protestant 
 Episcopal. All the latter disposed of their lots except 
 the Catholic, which continues in possession of the plot at 
 the northeast corner of Second and Church streets. 
 
152 
 
 From the date of the first settlement unti 1771, the 
 territory of this county formed a part cf Cumberland. On 
 the 9th of March of that year it fell to the newly created 
 county of Bedford, and by the act of the 20th day of Sep- 
 tember, 1787, Huntingdon County was erected from part 
 of Bedford. The town cf Huntingdon was named in the 
 law to be the seat cf justice, ard the courts directed to 
 be held at the house cf Ludwig Sell until a court house 
 should be built. 
 
 About October 1, 1797, a pcstoffice was established 
 here and John Cad waller appointed postmaster. A week- 
 ly mail was carried between Harrisbirg and Huntingdon. - 
 
 The principal public buildings are: The Court House, 
 Jail, three Public School Houses, two Steam Fire Engine 
 Houses, Baptist, Protestant Episcopal, (German) Reformed, 
 Evangelical Lutheran, two Methodist Episcopal, Presby- 
 terian, Presbyterian Chapel, Reman Catholic, United 
 Brethren, and two African churches. The German Bap- 
 tists or Brethren (Dunkards) hold regular services in 
 the Normal College Buildirg and are now building a church. 
 The State Industrial Reformatory is located in the town- 
 ship cf Smithfield en the opposite side of the Juniata. 
 Engine house No. 1, 508-510 Washirgton street, contains 
 a hall in which the sessions of Borough council are held. 
 
 COURT HOUSES.— A jail was erected soon after 
 the formation cf the county of Huntingdon, on lot No. 
 41, on the eastern side of Second street, being the ground 
 now occupied by the extension of Penn street, having 
 temporary accommodations therein for court * purposes. 
 The first house built exclusively for the courts and county 
 offices was a substantial three-story brick building in 
 Third street, south of Penn, fronting northward. The 
 offices of the Prcthonotary and Register and Recorder, 
 etc., were in the first story, with a hall entrance on the 
 southern side. The entire second story was used as a 
 court room. On the third floor were the Commissioners' 
 office and jury room. Before a bell was afforded, the 
 courts were called by the music of the drum and jfife. The 
 
153 
 
 County Commissioners, with a view of erecting another 
 building better suited to the wants of the county, acquired 
 the title to four .lots of ground on the northern side of 
 Penn street, extending through to Washington, between 
 Second and Third streets. Upon this site a third Court 
 House was erected. It was occupied for public uses in 
 August, 1842. Its immediate predecessor then fell in- 
 to the possession of the Borough authorities, by whose 
 direction it was demolished in May, 1848, and the street 
 which it obstructed was opened to its full width. The 
 fourth and present Court House, occupying the site of the 
 one completed in 1842, was commenced in 1882, com- 
 pleted and occupied in December, 1883. 
 
 THE FIRST JAIL.— The first jail was mentioned 
 in the preceding paragraph. The second was built on 
 Third street near the southern line of Church street and 
 served its purposes for over thirty years. The third and 
 present one, also erected in Third street, extending north- 
 ward from Mifflin street toward structure number two, 
 was completed in 1829. The walls were raised in 1840 
 and a few years ago additional cells were built. 
 
 MARKET HOUSES.— The two lots on the southern 
 side cf Allegheny street, one on the eastern and the other 
 on the western side of Third street, were intended by 
 the proprietor of the town for a market place. To give 
 additional space the lots on each side of Third, north cf 
 Allegheny, were shortened to 177 feet. In contempla- 
 tion of Huntingdon soon becoming a county-town, Third 
 street was regarded as the proper location for the pub- 
 lic buildings and it was deemed best to secure another site 
 for a market house. Penn street at the intersection of 
 Fifth was the place chosen and accordingly the owners 
 of the twelve lots fronting on Penn, six above and six 
 below Fifth, by agreement dated the 22nd August, 1787, 
 donated fifteen feet off the front of their properties to 
 public use; thus widening Penn street to eighty feet and 
 forming what has been inaccurately designated the "Dia- 
 mond." A market house was soon after erected and 
 
154 
 
 markets held therein regularly on Wednesday and Satur- 
 day of each week for many years. The market laws were 
 infringed from time to time, and becoming practically 
 obsolete, the market house was torn down pursuant to a 
 resolution of the Burgess and Town Council adopted 
 Sept. 2nd, 1847. 
 
 EDUCATIONAL— On the 19th day of February, 
 1790, the General Assembly passed "An Act for the found- 
 ing and endowing a public school in the town and county 
 of Huntingdon." The Trustees named in the act failed 
 to secure sufficient subscriptions to establish a permanent 
 endowment fund, but in 1791 opened a grammar school 
 under the direction of Rev. John Johnston, the resident 
 Presbyterian clergyman. Classic instruction was sub- 
 sequently added and the school continued by Rev. Johns- 
 ton until near the time cf his death, in 1823. The pro- 
 prietor of the town, Rev. William Smith, D. D., by deed 
 dated the 14th day of November, 1795, conveyed to the 
 trustees of the "Public Grammar and Free School" and 
 their successors as incorporated by law, the plot of ground 
 at the northwestern corner of Fifth and Moore streets, 
 containing two acres. That ground being remote from the 
 center of population it was not occupied for the purpose 
 for which it was donated until the year 1843, when a brick 
 building, two stories in height, and containing four school 
 rooms was erected thereon by the board of school directors. 
 The building was subsequently enlarged so as to afford 
 accommodations for eight schools. The bell that hung 
 upon the Court House in Third street, was, on the re- 
 moval of that building, placed in the cupola of the school 
 house. It bore the inscription: "Cast by Samuel Parker, 
 Philada., 1798. William Smith, D. D., to the borough 
 cf Huntingdon, Juniata." It weighed 254 pounds and 
 was cracked in calling the schools on a frcsty morning, 
 December 12, 1861. Its place was supplied by a new and 
 larger one. 
 
 In 1879 a resolution of the school board to take 
 down the building and erect upon its site a larger one 
 
155 
 
 having received the approval of the people at a popular 
 election, the schools were closed on the 9th day of April 
 and a few days later work for a new edifice was commenced. 
 On the 19th day of November following the schools were 
 opened in the new building. It is in the form of a T, two 
 stories in height above a large basement and contains 
 rooms for fourteen schools. It fronts, facing Moore street, 
 one hundred and thirty-four feet and extends back fifty- 
 four feet, five inches, from which the rear wing, fifty-four 
 feet wide, extends northward seventy-six feet, seven inches. 
 A brick school house was erected on the western side of 
 Cherry alley near Oneida street for the accommodation 
 of colored pupils, whose education was conducted for 
 many years in separate schools. The ground and build- 
 ing were sold a few years ago and converted to other uses. 
 
 The lots at the northwestern corner of Moore and 
 Fourteenth streets were purchased by the school board 
 and the erection thereon of a two-story brick house with 
 accommcdations for four schools commenced in 1873 and 
 completed during the winter of that year. The building 
 was enlarged in 1885, and now has eight rooms, six of 
 which are occupied by schools. 
 
 In 1897 a two-story brick High School Building was 
 erected on the northern side of Portland street according 
 to a design of W. R. Myton. 
 
 STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1909. 
 Number of pupils enrolled in first, second and third 
 grades, 535. 
 
 Number enrolled in fourth, fifth and sixth grades, 454. 
 Number enrolled in the Grammar grades, 196. 
 Number enrolled in the High School grades, 175. 
 Total enrollment for the year, 1360. 
 
 Second Ward Building, 523. 
 
 Third Ward Building, 371. 
 
 Fourth Ward Building, 466. 
 Total number graduates from the High School, 441. 
 
156 
 
 TEACHERS OF THE SECOND WARD BUILDING. 
 
 I. D. Shoop, Prin., Meretta Forbes, 
 
 Gertrvde Letterman, Besse McElwain, 
 
 Mary Clcuser, Gertrude Tiffany, 
 
 Dcrothy Wagner, Caroline Isenberg, 
 
 Kathryn Jackson, Emma G. M. Warfel, 
 
 Mabel Johnston, Ada Householder. 
 
 Sallie Livingston, 
 
 THIRD WARD BUILDING. 
 
 Charles 0. Frank, Prin. High School. 
 
 Arthur T. Ilgen, Assistant in High School. 
 
 Margaret Coder, 
 
 Nora Kieffer, " " 
 
 Anna Hershey, " " 
 
 Phoebe J. Shoop, A Grammar grade. 
 
 Maude Miller, " " f 
 
 Annie Rutledge, B Grammar grade. 
 
 Kathryn Figard, Supply Teacher. 
 
 FOURTH WARD BUILDING. 
 
 Oscar Hawn, Prin., Cora D. Isett, 
 
 Lulu Carroll, May Fritchey, 
 
 Alice Brown, Idella Louden, 
 
 Elsie Hall, Mabel J. Coxe. 
 
 Janitors: Second Ward — James Corbin. Third Ward 
 — Nehemiah Corbin. Fourth Ward — Carlton Miller. 
 THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
 
 First Ward— A. B. McElwee, John W. Snyder, 
 George L. Knepp. 
 
 Second Ward — Harry E. Steel, Harry Brown, Dr. G. 
 G. Harman. 
 
 Third Ward— Dr. S. F. Forgeus, S. G. Rudy, Esq., 
 H H. Waite, Esq. 
 
 Fourth Ward— J. H. Likens, H. E.Funk, J. C. Louder. 
 BOROUGH SUPERINTENDENTS. 
 
 L. S. Shimmel, 1890-1893. 
 
 W. M. Benson, 1893-1896. 
 
 Kimber Cleaver, 1896-1902. 
 
 E. R. Barclay, 1902. 
 
157 
 
 COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS, COMMON SCHOOLS. 
 
 J. S. Barr, 1854-1856 W. R. Baker, .... 1878-1884 
 
 Altert Owers, . . . 1856-1860 M. G. Brumbaugh, 1884-1890 
 Robert McDivitt, 1860-1866 Sam'l G. Rudy, .. 1890-1902 
 
 D. F. T^sey, .... 1866-1872 J. G. Dell, 1902 
 
 R.M. McNeal,.... 1872-1878 
 
 Number pupils enrolled in Huntingdon county (exclu- 
 sive of Huntingdon Borough), 7450. Huntingdon Borough, 
 1360. Total enrollment for the county for 1909, 8810. 
 
 THE HUNTINGDON ACADEMY was incorporated 
 by an act of the General Assembly approved March 16th, 
 1816. The Dean Hotel property, on the southeastern 
 corner of Allegheny and Second streets, was purchased 
 by the Trustees and used for school purposes for many 
 years. The Trustees purchased two lots at the north- 
 eastern corner of Church and Fourth streets and in 1844, 
 erected the building now standing on the southeastern 
 corner of Moore and Fourth streets and removed the school 
 to it. In 1874 a more convenient structure was built 
 on the southern end of the lots. After the permanent 
 establishment of a High School, the academy declined and 
 the property was sold and the building converted into 
 dwellings. 
 
 JUNIATA COLLEGE.— After several efforts had 
 been made by certain groups of members of the Church of 
 the Dunker Brethren in various parts of the country to 
 revive the educational interests of their people, Professor 
 Jacob Martin Zuck, under the patronage of Doctor A. 
 B. and Elders H. B. and J. B. Brumbaugh, with three 
 students, opened the Brethrens' Normal and Collegiate 
 Institute in a room on the second story of the Primitive 
 Christian building on April 17th, 1876. The enterprise 
 though very small soon gave promise of growth. The 
 year of 1876 and 1877 showed a total enrollment of about 
 seventy students, and the school was moved to the Burchi- 
 nell Building at 1224 Washington street, in February, 1877. 
 Although admission to the school was from the start 
 free to the members of every or even no religious denomina- 
 
158 
 
 tion; yet, because of the real purpose of its founding and 
 in spite of the indifference arid even opposition of 
 Brethren in certain quarters, students were enrolled from 
 eastern Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, 
 Ohio, Indiana and Missouri. During the winter of 1877, the 
 school disbanded on account of the smallpox plague that 
 visited Huntingdon in that year; but with the passing cf 
 the "Scare" the three students from Ohio, who had taken 
 refuge at "The Forge," on Trough Creek, returned and 
 soon the school was larger than before. 
 
 In the first catalogue, published in the spring of 1878, 
 seven teachers constitute the faculty, and the names of 
 one hundred and seventy- two students are recorded, most 
 of them taking the "Normal "English Course," although 
 Music and Art are emphasized and a "College Course" of 
 four years is outlined as an indication of the high aims of 
 the "Founders." The school year consisted of forty-eight 
 weeks divided into four terms, the "Institute Term" 
 of six weeks beginning July 22nd. 
 
 In the second catalogue, the name of the institution 
 is changed to "Brethren's Normal College." Elder James 
 Quinter became President and Prof. J. H. Brumbaugh 
 Principal upon the death of the founder, Prof. Zuck, which 
 occurred on Sunday, May 10, 1879. The faculty was 
 enlarged to nine. "The Scientific Course," and "The 
 Business Course," offering the degree of "Bachelor of 
 Commercial Science," were added; and the entire school 
 was removed to the new four-story brick building erected 
 by the stockholders on a square of ground known as "block 
 20 in West Huntingdon" donated by citizens of the town. 
 In the chapel of this building the first graduation exer- 
 cises were held, the class consisting of three members 
 of the Normal Department. The closing exercises of 
 the school in previous years had been conducted in what 
 was then known as the "Opera House," previously the 
 Presbyterian church and now a part of the large J. C. Blair 
 Co. Building. 
 
159 
 
 In the decade cf 1€80-1890 the school became rather 
 intensive than extensive in its growth. The Summer 
 Institute Term was dropped in 1880. The Normal De- 
 partment received most attention, though there were three 
 graduates in the Scientific Course. 
 
 In 1881-'82-'83 Prof. W. J. Swigart and Prof. L. S. 
 Shimmel were chairmen of the faculty successively, and 
 Prof. J. H. Brumbaugh, secretary, Prof. Brumbaugh tak- 
 ing the chairmanship again in 1883 and holding that posi- 
 tion until the death of President Qirinter in 1889 when he 
 again became Principal, the office of President being filled 
 until 1894 by Elder H. B. Brumbaugh. During these 
 years and up to the present time Prof. Swigart was Treas- 
 urer and Prof. Joseph E. Saylcr was Secretary, and also 
 Librarian until 1904. In the list of regular members of 
 the faculty for 1882- '83 appears the name of Prof. J. B. 
 Kidder, long known in Huntingdon as a profound scholar. 
 He taught the Ancient Languages. Dr. Martin G. Brum- 
 baugh, after having completed the Normal English Course 
 in 1882, appears as a member of the faculty teaching Eng- 
 ish and Natural Science in 1882- '83, in 1885 as a graduate 
 of the Scientific Course, and again in 1889-'90-'91 as teacher 
 cf Natural Sciences, Pedagogics, and English until he be- 
 gan his university career. Prcf. F. H. Green, new of West 
 Chester State Normal School, was head of the department 
 of English, from the spring of 1884 until the end of the 
 school year, 1888. 
 
 The Alumni Association was formally organized in 
 1887. Dr. A. B. Brumbaugh and his son, Dr. Gaius M. 
 Brumbaugh, of Washington, D. C, were particularly 
 active in developing the library and the museum, Dr. 
 Gaius Brumbaugh arranging with the government to 
 constitute Juniata College as one of the depositories of 
 her publications. The Bible Department was established 
 in 4889, a one and a two year course being offered. Dur- 
 ing these years from 1880 to 1890 the total number cf 
 students yearly enrolled numbered about two hundred 
 and fifty. 
 
160 
 
 The steady growth of the institution now demanded 
 more room, and Ladies' Hall was built in 1890-'91. Mr. 
 John G. Keeney became steward, and the number of students 
 and teachers became noticeably larger. Prof. G. W. Snave- 
 ly was formally installed as Principal of the newly or- 
 ganized Business Department. The first special Bible 
 Term, held ever since during the winter for popular Bible 
 study, was opened in 1892. To the Department of Vocal 
 Music which Prof. William Beery had been conducting 
 since 1880, was added a teacher in piano-forte. Prof. 
 David Emmert, who had been an early promoter cf the 
 institution and one of its most earnest teachers, but who 
 because of his interest in the care fcr orphans had been 
 absent for several years, returned to the Faculty as teacher 
 of Art and Botany, in 1894. 
 
 The Oriental and Wahneeta Literary Societies were cr- 
 ganized, instead of the one Eclectic Society, in the Sprirg 
 of 1892. 
 
 In the winter of 1893-94, Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh re- 
 turned to his Alma Mater as its President. Very soon the 
 institution began to plan for definite work along higher 
 lines. A number of "post graduates" as they were called 
 returned and began to line up for the four years Classical 
 Course and the A. B. degree. The Normah English Course 
 was freely sprinkled with "electives" in order to furnish 
 opportunity for definite preparation for college. A large 
 class of "Special Students in Literature" entered from 
 the town. And the enthusiasm for larger things took 
 definite shape in a new building largely contributed to 
 by students and now known as "Student's Hall." A 
 new charter was secured in 1896, and the name "Juniata 
 College" was adopted. 
 
 For the year 1896-97 it was announced that Dr. M. 
 G. Brumbaugh who had already begun some teaching in 
 the University of Pennsylvania would permanently reside 
 in Philadelphia, and that Prof. I. Harvey Brumbaugh 
 would perform the active administrative duties of Presi- 
 
161 
 
 dert Brumbaugh's office. In June, 1897, the first student 
 was graduated from the course in Arts, receiving the degree 
 of A B Since then there have regularly been graduates 
 in this course. In 1896-'97 the idea of larger scope in 
 the work of the institution took shape in the form of a 
 two years' Seminary Course, from which there was one 
 graduate in 1900. This course was combined m 1900- 01 
 with the College Preparatory Course, which had first been 
 offered in 1883- '84 and again in 1898- '99, and called the 
 four years Academy Course. The student bcdy continual- 
 ly increased and Oneida Hall was built in 1898. In 1899 
 the Athletic Field was purchased. In 1901, at the twenty- 
 fifth anniversary, an especially large number of old 
 students, friends, and Alumni were present for Commence- 
 ment Week, the exercises being held in the unfinished 
 Gymnasium, which bulding was built in response to 
 the intensity of student interest and substantial aid. This 
 period of Juniata's history is also marked by the develop- 
 ment of many features of College life on the one hand 
 and still more especially by the introduction of the more 
 distinctively scholarly features of the courses and the 
 instruction. The Juniata Echo, established first of all 
 by Dr. A. B. Brumbaugh as a quarterly and later develop- 
 ed into a monthly, reflects the literary temper of these 
 and later years. A quarterly Bulletin, edited by Acting- 
 President Prof. J. Harvey Brumbaugh, publishes special 
 lectures, sermons, • addresses and theses. 
 
 With the erection of the Library, gift of Andrew 
 Carnegie, upon grounds donated by citizens of Hunting- 
 don, 1906- '07, the latest, and promking-tc-be-most-exten- 
 sive epoch in the history of Juniata College begins. The 
 building of this structure enlarged the horizon of the in- 
 stitution's possibilities so greatly that steps were soon 
 taken to amend the charter, looking toward a wider educa- 
 tional field. In pursuance of this ideal, all stockholders 
 freely surrendered their private holdings and a self-per- 
 petuating board of Trustees was constituted, still morally 
 in sympathy with the high purpose of serving the Dunker 
 
162 
 
 Brethren educationally but free to work in a larger field 
 of usefulness also. Already grounds have been secured 
 nearby en which to establish the College proper, leaving 
 the old seat more particularly for the Preparatory Schools. 
 Plans sre being drawn and grounds laid out in view of this 
 extensive purpose. Meanwhile the building of a new church 
 is in progress, a Summer Session has been re-introduced, 
 the scope of the Bible work has been enlarged by offering 
 a regular Theological Course leading to the degree of 
 Bachelor of Divinity, and efforts are being made to increase 
 the Endowment Fund to two hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 The institution now enrolls over four hundred students 
 yearly. The faculty numbers twenty-two teachers. Six 
 regular departments present graduates yearly, the College, 
 The Academy, The Teachers' School, The Bible School, 
 The Music School, and The Business School. The Alumni 
 Association, exclusive of the Business graduates, num- 
 bers over five hundred. Nearly five thousand different 
 students have registered since the founding. The Col- 
 lege buildings and grounds, surrounded as they are by 
 the homes of trustees, faculty members, and friends of 
 the institution, constitute one of the most attractive 
 sections of the town of Huntingdon. 
 
 TOWN COMMONS AND ATHLETIC FIELD. 
 The land comprized in this gift to Huntingdon Borough 
 lies at the eastern end of the town, adjoining Standing 
 Stone Creek and fronting on Penn street. 
 
 Mrs. Kate F. Blair, carrying out the expressed wishes 
 of the late J. C. Blair, presented the tract, together with 
 $500 to defray expenses of putting it in order, to the Town 
 Council in November, 1897, with the conditions that it be 
 used for a public play ground and athletic field, subject 
 to the regulation of the town council. Since that date 
 many improvements have been made, base ball and tennis 
 grounds laid out, hedge and fencing provided, and an 
 ornamental gateway built. 
 
163 
 
 MEMBERS OF BAR— HUNTINGDON COUNTY. 
 List of President Jrdges and Attorneys admitted to 
 the Huntingdon Bar from the organization of the County 
 to the present date, July, 1909. 
 
 PRESIDENT JUDGES. 
 
 Hon. Thomas Smith, 1791-1794 Hon. John Dean, , . . . 1871-1874 
 
 Hon. James Riddle, 1794 1804 
 
 Hon. Thomas Cooper 1804-1806 
 
 Hon. Jonathan Walker 1806-1818 
 
 Hon. Charles Huston, 1818-1826 
 
 -Hon. Thomas Burnside, 1826-1841- 
 
 Hon. George W. Woodward,. 1841-1842 
 Hon. Abraham S. Wilson, . . . 1842-1849 
 Hon. George Taylor, 1849-1871 
 
 Hon. John H. Or vis, 1874-1883 
 
 Hon. Adam Hoy 1883-1885 
 
 Hon. Austin O. Furst, 1885-1895 
 
 Hon. John G. Love 1895- Six months 
 Hon. W. McKnight 
 
 Williamson, 1895-1896 Six months 
 
 Hon. John M. Bailey 1896-1903 
 
 Hon. Joseph M. Woods 1903- 
 
 LIST OF ATTORNEYS 
 
 Term Admitted 
 
 George Wharton, Prio 1 to 1789 
 
 Charles Smith, Prior to 1789 
 
 James Hamilton, Prior to 1 789 
 
 Bradford, Prior to 1789 
 
 James Rk'd'.e Piror to 1789 
 
 George Fisher June 1789 
 
 W. M. Brown, Dec. 1789 
 
 John Cadwallader, Dec. 1789 
 
 David McKeehan Dec. 1789 
 
 Thomas Nesbit Dec. 1789 
 
 Jacob Nagle, June 1, 1790 
 
 Galbraith Patterson June, 1791 
 
 Samuel Riddle Dec. 1791 
 
 Richard Smith, Dec. 1791 
 
 Jonathan Walker Apr. 1792 
 
 Thomas Nesbit, Aug. 1792 
 
 John Clark Aug. 1792 
 
 Robert Duncan, Aug. 1792 
 
 Jacob Carpenter Apr. 1793 
 
 William Ross, .T Apr. 1893 
 
 Henry Wood, Apr. 1793 
 
 Jona. Henderson, Apr. 1793 
 
 Thomas Elder Nov. 1793 
 
 Thomas Collins, Aug. 1794 
 
 Abrm. Morrison, Aug. 1794 
 
 James Morrison Jan. 1795 
 
 John Lyon, Apr. 1795 
 
 George Duffield Apr. 1795 
 
 Thomas Hadden Aug. 1795 
 
 Thomas Anderson, Apr. 1796 
 
 Charles Huston, Aug. 1796 
 
 R. Duncan, Aug. 1796 
 
 William Reynolds, Aug. 1796 
 
 Jesse Moore, Nov. 1796 
 
 Evan Rice Evans, Apr. 17, 1797 
 
 Robert McClure Apr. 17, 1797 
 
 Robert Allison, Apr. 1898 
 
 Term Admitted 
 
 Thomas Duncan Apr. 1798 
 
 David Watt Apr. 1798 
 
 Elias White Hale Aug. 1798 
 
 John Lyon Nov. 1798 
 
 Wm. A. Patterson, of Mifflin. 
 
 Co., Apr. 1799 
 
 Andrew Tolloh, Nov. 1800 
 
 John Rose, Jan. 1801 
 
 W. A. Thompson Aug. 1801. 
 
 L. W. Culbertson, Aug 1801 
 
 William Orbison Aug. 18 01 
 
 W. Lee Hannum, Aug. 1801 
 
 James Kedie Nov. 1801 
 
 David Irwin . . Nov. 1801 
 
 John Miles Jan. 1802 
 
 John Shippen Jan. 1802 
 
 Thomas Gemmill . . .Aug. 1802 
 
 Josiah Espy, Nov. 1803 
 
 Thomas Burnside Apr. 1804 
 
 Samuel Massey, Aug. 1804 
 
 Andrew Boggs, Jan. 1805 
 
 William Ward Jan. 1805 
 
 Walker Reed, Aug. 1805 
 
 Mosan Canan, Jan 1806 
 
 Isaac B. Parker, Apr. 1806 
 
 James M. Biddle Aug. 1806 
 
 William Norris, Aug. 1806 
 
 A. Henderson, Jr., Jan. 1807 
 
 John Carpenter, Nov. 1807 
 
 James M. Russell, Nov. 1808 
 
 Wm. R. Smith, Nov. 1808 
 
 John Tod, of Bedford, Aug. 1809 
 
 William Dean, Nov. 1809 
 
 George Burd, Aug. 1810 
 
 John Johnson, Aug. 12, 1811 
 
 Alex. A. Anderson Aug. 15, 1811 
 
 Thos. Montgomery, Nov. 1811 
 
164 
 
 LIST OF ATTORNEYS (Continued). 
 
 Terra Admitted 
 
 Dan. S. Houghton, Aug 
 
 Wm. W. Potter Aug 
 
 John Blanchard, Apr 
 
 Thomas Blair Jan 
 
 William W. Smith, Apr 
 
 Alex. Thompson, Nov 
 
 James M . Kelly Dec 
 
 Duncan S. Walker, Apr. 14 
 
 David Huling, Apr. 15 
 
 James Steel Aug. 18, 
 
 James McDowell Nov 
 
 Josiah E. Barkley, Nov 
 
 Gratz Etting Nov 
 
 Charles B Seeley, Apr 
 
 Hugh Brady, Aug 
 
 William Patton, Aug 
 
 John W T illiamson Apr 
 
 John G. Miles Aug. 15 
 
 William Swift Nov. 12 
 
 Barton McMullin, Apr. 9 
 
 Isaac Fisher Apr. 11 
 
 Abram S. Wilson, Aug. 13 
 
 Ephraim Banks Aug. 13 
 
 Samuel M. Green Aug. 13 
 
 William J. Christy, Aug. 13 
 
 John A. Blodget Aug. 17 
 
 McClay Hall, .Aug. 11 
 
 T. Nixon Vandyke, Nov. 12 
 
 Richard B. McCabe Jan. 12 
 
 John J. Henderson, Aug. 9 
 
 Stewart Steel, Aug. 9 
 
 James M. Bell Aug. 10 
 
 Andrew J. Cline, Apr. 11 
 
 Jonathan Carlisle, Aug. 8 
 
 Robert W'allace, Jan 12 
 
 Bond Valentine, Nov. 1 5 
 
 Moses Maclean, Apr. 
 
 Andrew Parker Apr. 
 
 James P. Hepburn, Apr. 
 
 Calvin Blythe, May 
 
 M. D. Mageehan, Aug. 
 
 Nath. P. Fetterman,. . . Aug. 
 Matthew D. Gregg Nov. 
 
 --'-"Andrew P. Wilson Apr. 
 
 Ezekial S. Dunbar. Aug. 
 
 James A. Petriken Aug. 
 
 Alexander King, Apr. 15 
 
 Samuel M. Barklay, . . . Apr. 15 
 
 - Alexander Gwin Nov. 9 
 
 Charles W. Kelso, Nov. 9 
 
 Samuel S. Wharton, Apr 
 
 Hamilton Semple, Aug. 9, 
 
 Beaj. Patton, Jr., Nov. 4, 
 
 Nathan Sargent, Aug. 1G 
 
 1814 
 1814 
 1815 
 1816 
 1816 
 1816 
 1816 
 1817 
 1819 
 1818 
 1818 
 1818 
 1818 
 1820 
 1820 
 1820 
 1821 
 1821 
 1821 
 1822 
 1822 
 1822 
 1822 
 1822 
 1822 
 1822 
 1823 
 1823 
 1824 
 1824 
 1824 
 1824 
 1825 
 1825 
 1826 
 1826 
 1827 
 1827 
 1827 
 1827 
 1827 
 1827 
 1827 
 1828 
 1828 
 1828 
 1829 
 1829 
 1830 
 1830 
 1831 
 1831 
 1831 
 1832 
 
 Term Admitted 
 
 James T. Hale Nov. 13, 1832 
 
 James Crawford Jan. 14 
 
 Espy L. Anderson, Apr. 9 
 
 John McGee, . : Aug. 
 
 James Burnside Jan. 
 
 Reuben C. Hale Nov. 
 
 A. B. Norris Apr. 
 
 Wm. P. Orbison Nov. 
 
 Samuel Calvin Apr. 
 
 ^George Taylor, Apr. 
 
 David Blair Aug 
 
 Thos. P. Campbell, Nov. 15 
 
 David Candor, Apr. 11 
 
 R. A. McMurtrie, Apr. 15 
 
 John P. Anderson, Apr. 9 
 
 Thos. C. McDowell June 19 
 
 H. N. McAllister Aug. 13 
 
 John Fenelon, Aug. 12 
 
 George W. Barton Aug. 12 
 
 Thaddeus Banks Nov. 1 2 
 
 Gen. J. B. Anthony,. . . .Jan. 15 
 
 Wm. M. Stewart Jan. 15 
 
 Adolphus D. Wilson, . Jan. 15 
 
 Jeremiah S. Black Aug. 17 
 
 Joshua F. Cox Aug. 17 
 
 Aug. K. Cornyn, Nov. 9 
 
 William C. Logan, Jan. 12 
 
 Robert L. Johntson, .... Apr. 
 
 E. V. Everhart, June 
 
 P. Frazer Smith June 
 
 Theo. H. Cremer, Aug. 
 
 John W. Shaw Aug. 
 
 William Ayers Jan. 
 
 John Cresswell, Jr Apr. 
 
 Daniel Gant, Jan. 
 
 James S. Stewart, Apr. 
 
 William Dorris, Aug. 
 
 John S. McVey Aug. 
 
 Samuel L. Linn Jan. 
 
 Adin W. Benedict, Apr. 
 
 John Brotherline, Apr. 
 
 Joseph Kemp, Aug. 
 
 David Duff, Jan. 
 
 Jedidiah Jack Mar. 
 
 Girart Hewitt, Apr. 
 
 Edward A. Leslie, Aug. 
 
 James K. Kelly Aug. 
 
 A. P. Jacobs, Aug. 
 
 William H. Irvin Aug. 
 
 William I. Jacobs, Aug. 
 
 R. G. Dunbar, of Belle- 
 
 fonte Aug. 
 
 Titian J. Coffey Jan. 
 
 Samuel Steel Blair, Jan. 
 
 1833 
 1833 
 1833 
 1834 
 1834 
 1835 
 1835 
 1836 
 1836 
 1836 
 1836 
 1837 
 1837 
 1838 
 1838 
 1838 
 1839 
 1839 
 1839 
 1840 
 1840 
 184(1 
 1840 
 1840 
 1840 
 1841 
 1841 
 1841 
 1841 
 1841 
 1841 
 1842 
 1842 
 1S43 
 1843 
 1843 
 1843 
 1844 
 1844 
 1844 
 1844 
 1845 
 1845 
 1845 
 1845 
 1845 
 1845 
 1845 
 184 5 
 
 1845 
 1846 
 1846 
 
165 
 
 LIST OF ATTORNEYS (Continued). 
 
 Term Admitted 
 
 John Scott, Jan. 23, 1846 
 
 David f'oopsr, Apr. 14, 1846 
 
 J. Roberts Louae, Apr. 15, 1846 
 
 John W. Thompson Apr. 19, 1847 
 
 Jjhn R3ed Apr. 17, 1848 
 
 Gregg A. Madson Aug. 18, 1848 
 
 Joseph Alexander, Jan. 11, 1849 
 
 R. Bruce Petriken, Aug. 13, 1849 
 
 George W. Watson, Aug. 14, 1849 
 
 Edmund Blanchard Dec. 5, 1849 
 
 Edmund S. Doty Jan. 13, 1850 
 
 David H. Hoflns, Nov. 12, 1850 
 
 George W. Elder Jan. 22, 1851 
 
 Sam'l C. Wingard Apr. 14, 1851 
 
 Samuel L. Glasgow, ...Jan. 13, 1852 
 
 John N. Pro well, Apr. 12, 1852 
 
 Samuel T. Brown Apr. 12, 1852 
 
 H. Bucher Swope Apr. 14, 1853 
 
 William P. Schell, Aug. 11, 1853 
 
 Taomas L. Fletcher Nov. 17, 1853 
 
 John Armitage, Nov. 21, 1853 
 
 John W. Mattern, Apr. 14, 1854 
 
 Daniel H. Heyett, Aug. 15, 1854 
 
 A. V. Parsons Aug. 15, 1854 
 
 Daniel J. Nefl, Jan. 10, 1855 
 
 Lewis M. Stewart, Jan. 10, 1855 
 
 Jonathan Duff .Apr. 14, 1855 
 
 D. Walker Woods, Jan. 12, 1856 
 
 George M. Houtz, Apr. 13, 1857 
 
 Erskine H. Miles Aug. 10, 1857 
 
 John R. Edie, of Som3r- 
 
 set, Aug. 11, 1857 
 
 Morde, McKinney, . ... . .Nov. 12, 1857 
 
 Henry G. Smith, Nov. 13, 1857 
 
 J. S. Robison Jan. 13, 1858 
 
 John Cessna, of Bedford, Jan. 15, 1858 
 
 Wm. A. McGalliard,. . ..Nov. 15, 1858 
 
 Andrew Reed, Nov. 19, 1858 
 
 Wm. H. Woods Jan. 12, 1859 
 
 M. H. Jolly, Apr. 11, 1859 
 
 Henry T. White, Apr. 14, 1859 
 
 James D. Campbell Nov. 14, 1859 
 
 R. Milton Speer Nov. 14, 1859 
 
 J. H. O. Corbin, Nov. 14, 1859 
 
 T. M. Cornpropst Aug. 16, 1860 
 
 Samuel J. Murray Aug. 21, 1860 
 
 E. Hammond, Jan. 21, 1861 
 
 John Dean, Aug. 16, 1861 
 
 Warren Raymond,. ... .Jan. 15, 1862 
 
 Rud'h McMurtrie, Apr. 16, 1862 
 
 Joseph Parker, Apr. 21, 1862 
 
 Samuel L. Russell Apr. 23, 1862 
 
 John M. Bailey, Aug. 11, 1862 
 
 P. Marion Lytle Aug. 11, 1862 
 
 Term Admitted 
 
 William A. Wallace Aug. 14, 1862 
 
 Wm. A. Stephens Nov. 9, 1862 
 
 S. M. Woodkok, Nov. 11, 1862 
 
 Jos. G. Isenberg Apr. 12, 1864 
 
 John A. McCanales, Aug. 5, 1864 
 
 Kenzie A. Lovell, Aug. 10, 1864 
 
 Mord. B. Massey, Nov. 14, 1864 
 
 Joshua M. Conley Nov. 21, 1864 
 
 W. M. Williamson Jan. 17, 1865 
 
 John P. Preaxuff, Apr. 11, 1865 
 
 Jas. G. D. Findley, Aug. 15, 1865 
 
 William A. Sipe Aug. 14, 1865 
 
 G. B. Armitage Aug. 14, 1865 
 
 Thomas M. Uttley Aug. 14, 1865 
 
 E. J. Osborne Aug. 15, 1865 
 
 Milton S. Lytle, Aug. 13, 1866 
 
 E. S. McMurtrie, Aug. 13 1866 
 
 J. Rand'h Simpson, Aug. 15, 1866 
 
 P. H. Sangree Apr. 8, 1867 
 
 John Williamson, of Car-. 
 
 lisle Apr. 15, 1867 
 
 Henry E. Shafer Apr. 13, 1868 
 
 H. M. Baldridge June 15, 1868 
 
 Samuel E. Fleming, Aug. 10, 1868 
 
 Miles M. McNeil, Aug. 10, 1868 
 
 Andrew J. Riley, Aug. 10, 1868 
 
 J. Slyvanus Blair Aug. 10, 1868 
 
 Thomas W. Myton, Aug. 12, 1868 
 
 B. F. Fisher, of Philadel- 
 phia, Nov. 11, 1868 
 
 J. Hall Musser, ; . . Apr. 12, 1869 
 
 J. J. Cunningham Nov. 11, 1869 
 
 David Caldwell Jan. 20, 1870 
 
 Wilson C. Speck Apr. 11, 1870 
 
 W. H. Akers Apr. 11, 1870 
 
 R. Speer Mclllduff, Aug. 8, 1870 
 
 Miles Zentmyer, .Aug. 8, 1870 
 
 Frederick Jaekel, Aug. 8, 1870 
 
 H. C. Madden, Nov. 14, 1870 
 
 J. R. Durborrow, Jan. 10, 1871 
 
 Wm. A. Fleming, Apr. 10, 1871 
 
 Robert A. Orbison May 25, 1871 
 
 W. H. H. Young, Jan. 10, 1872 
 
 J. F. Schock Jan. 20, 1872 
 
 J. C. Jackson Nov. 11, 1872 
 
 L. S. Geissinger, Jan. 15, 1873 
 
 Robert Johnston \ug. 13, 1873 
 
 Davis S. Krebs Feb. 20, 1874 
 
 O. E. McNeil Apr. 22, 1874 
 
 John H.Fisher Aug. 10, 1874 
 
 James R. Riddle Aug. 10, 1874 
 
 Jas. S. Leisenring, Jan. 20, 1875 
 
 George B. Orlady,. Mar. 23, 1875 
 
 W. S. Alexander, Mar. 23, 1875 
 
166 
 
 LIST OF ATTORNEYS (Continued) 
 
 Term Adra 
 
 W. D. Horning Apr. 21, 
 
 El ward J. McCoy Aug. 18, 
 
 Herman H. North, Aug. 19 
 
 J. D. Hicks . Nov. 8, 
 
 Thomas M. Pollack, . . . Nov. 15, 
 
 T. W. Jackson Dec. 21, 
 
 Ezra D. Parker Jan. 10, 
 
 Chas. A. Barnett, Jan. 11, 
 
 Jas. J. Chamberlin Apr. 1, 
 
 William W. Dorris Apr. 12, 
 
 A. A. Anderson, Apr. 12, 
 
 Frank Love, Aug. 21, 
 
 S. P. McDivitt, Oct. 3, 
 
 F. B. Tierney Nov. 13, 
 
 John Cornman, •. .Jan. 15, 
 
 0. S. Marks, June 14, 
 
 S. L. Glasgow June 16, 
 
 Davis J. Zeigler Apr. 10, 
 
 J. Frank Corbin Apr. 10, 
 
 John A. Hewitt, Apr. 10, 
 
 Jesse R. Smith Aug. 19, 
 
 John Berry, Aug. 21, 
 
 George H. Spang, Nov. 12, 
 
 J. B. McPherson, Nov. 18, 
 
 B. J. Devor, Nov. 26, 
 
 James A. Beaver Jan. 13, 
 
 D. M. DeVore Jan. 16, 
 
 J. M. A. Passmore, Jan. 17, 
 
 Edward L. Cox Apr. 7, 
 
 James A. Fleming, Aug. 18, 
 
 A. Porter Huey, Aug 
 
 Lemuel H. Beers Sept 
 
 John D. Dorris, Sept. 27, 
 
 Charles G. Brown Apr. 11, 
 
 Dan'l McLaughlin, Apr. 18, 
 
 Charles Hower, of Snyder 
 
 Co Apr. 20, 
 
 W. H. Oram, of North- 
 umberland Co., June 20, 
 
 J. L. Spangler July 11, 
 
 M. R. Shaffner, Oct. 25, 
 
 P. Heber McHugh, Apr. .10, 
 
 Howard E. Butz, Apr. 10, 
 
 Clement Dale Apr. 10, 
 
 John Y. Woods Apr. 12, 
 
 Wiliam S. Taylor, Oct. 1, 
 
 William L. Hicks Nov. 13, 
 
 18, 
 29, 
 
 itted Term Admitted 
 
 1875 Edmund Shaw Nov. 13, 1882 
 
 1875 Horace B. Dunn Dec. 18, 1882 
 
 1875 Harry A. Brown Jan. 8, 1883 
 
 1875 Hayes H. Waite Jan. 8, 1883 
 
 1875 George W. Zeigler Apr. 9, 1883 
 
 1875 Jere B. Rex, Dec. 19, 1883 
 
 1876 John J. Pearce Mar. 25, 1884 
 
 1876 C. P. Hewer Feb. 9, 1885 
 
 1876 D.H.Hastings, Feb. 9, 1885 
 
 1876 J.M. Steese, March, 1885 
 
 1876 H.P. Graffius Sept. 14, 1885 
 
 1876 Jere B. Cutshall, Sept. 14, 1885 
 
 1876 James S. Woods, Dec. 14, 1885 
 
 1876 J. H. Longnecker,. . . , . .Dec. 13, 1886 
 
 1877 Thos. M. B. Hicks, ....June 14, 1887 
 1877 Harry W. Petriken, ...June 14, 1887 
 
 1877 George W. Spangler Sept. 5, 1887 
 
 1878 William J. Forbes Sept. 5. 1887 
 
 1878 C. O. Templeton Jan. 17, 1888 
 
 1878 Rogers K. Foster, Oct. 9, 1888 
 
 1878 A. W. Porter, June 12, 1890 
 
 1878 Warren B. Simpson, Dec. 14, 1891 
 
 1878 J. C. Durbin, Dec. 14 1891 
 
 1878 Edwin L. Mattern Sept. 11, 1893 
 
 1878 Wm Wallace Chisolm. March 20, 1894 
 
 1879 Robert A. Henderson, ..July 2, 1894 
 1879 Warren M. Henderson. . July 2, 1894 
 
 1879 Samuel I. Spyker, Jan. 8, 1895 
 
 1879 J. D.Sconten, Sept. 9, 1895 
 
 1879 Richard W. Williamson. .Dec. 2, 1895 
 
 1879 W.C.Fletcher, Feb. 10, 1896 
 
 1879 Thomas F. Bailey June 22, 1896 
 
 1880 Clarence H. Whittaker, . .Feb. 7, 1898 
 
 1881 David E. North May 2, 1898 
 
 1881 B.L.Simpson, March 13, 1899 
 
 H. M. Leidig March 14, 1899 
 
 1881 F. M. Pennell March 14, 1899 
 
 Charles C. Brewster June 12, 1899 
 
 1881 John H. Glazier June 12, 1899 
 
 1881 D. S. Atkinson May 7, 1900 
 
 1881 Howard L. Henderson, Oct. 14, 1901 
 
 1882 William H. Trude, ....Oct. 14, 1901 
 1882 Theodore C. Jackson,. . .Oct. 14, 1901 
 
 1882 David H. Myers, Feb. 3, 1902 
 
 1882 Robert M. Watson Jan. 4 1906 
 
 1882 S. 6. Rudy, March 4, 1907 
 
 1882 
 
 PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS.— The pioneer visitors 
 to this region came from the east by the "indian trails." 
 In a few years the main highway along the Juniata was 
 dignified by the appellation of "the trader's road," which 
 
167 
 
 was little if anything, better than a bridle-path. The 
 first road laid out by the civil authorities was in 1774, by 
 direction of the Bedford court, from the Standing Stone 
 up Woodcock Valley to Bloody Run, now Everett. It 
 began on the bank of the river opposite the stone quarry, 
 followed the river eighty-six perches to the mouth of Stand- 
 ing Stone Creek; thence up the eastern bank of the creek 
 nineteen perches; thence across the creek and on a direct 
 line through Allegheny street 364 perches to the river at 
 the lower point of Cypress island; thence across the river, 
 through Smithfield, McConnelstown, Marklesburg, etc., 
 to Everett. The road from Huntingdon eastward was not 
 made passable for wheeled carriages through Jack's Narrows 
 until many years thereafter. The river became and con- 
 tinued for many years to be the principal highway for 
 traffic. Arks and keel-boats conveyed the surplus pro- 
 ducts to the eastern markets, and the latter, pushed by 
 hand brought up merchandise and the household gocds 
 of the immigrant. The Huntingdon, Cambria and Indiana 
 turnpike road company, that constructed the turnpike 
 road from the borough to Blairsville, a distance of 77 
 miles, was incorporated February 15th, 1815, and the 
 Lewistown and Huntingdon company constructed their 
 road a few years later. 
 
 The extension of the canal from Lewistown to Hunt- 
 ingdon was commenced in 1828, and so far completed by 
 the 1st day of November, 1830, that on the 2nd of that 
 month water was let in at the Huntingdon dam to test 
 and settle the banks. On the 4th and 5th of that month 
 the good people of Huntingdon celebrated the near ap- 
 proach of the consummation of water communication 
 with the seaboard by excursions on the canal from basin 
 to basin, music, salute-firing, illumination of houses and 
 dancing in the evening and other demonstrations of joy. 
 The next spring boats commenced to run regularly. 
 
 The Pennsylvania Railroad was opened to Hunting- 
 don in June, 1850. On Thursday, the 6th day of that 
 month, the first locomotive passed over the line to this 
 
168 
 
 place, and the next day trains began to run regularly 
 to and from Philadelphia. 
 
 Work on the Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain 
 Railroad was commenced in 1853. On Monday, July 30, 
 1855, the engine "Beaver" passed over the road for a dis- 
 tance of eight miles. On the 13th of the next month 
 regular trips were commenced between Huntingdon and 
 Marklesburg station. In the summer of 1856, the line 
 was opened to Hopewell, and sometime afterward to Mount 
 Dallas. 
 
 THE COUNTY HOME. 
 
 On May 6, 1850, an act was approved providing " for 
 the erection of a house for the employment ard support of 
 the poor in the county of Huntingdon," when Thomas 
 Fisher, Kenzie L. Greene, Benjamin Leas, James Gillam, 
 John McCulloch, John Porter, Isaac Taylor, A. P. Wilson, 
 John Watson, Caleb Greenland and S. Miles Green were ap- 
 pointed to select and purchase a site provided the people at 
 the next annual election voted in favor of the erection of 
 such house. The vote taken in accordance with the act re- 
 sulted as follows: For the erection of a poor house, 1299. 
 Against the purchase of site and building the house, 952. 
 A farm of 202 acres, formerly the Lose farm, was selected 
 in Shirley township near and adjoining the bcrcugh of 
 Shirleysburg on its southern side. A large three-story brick 
 building about 150 feet by 50 feet, barn and necessary out- 
 buildings were erected. 
 
 Most dissatisfaction arose as to the location and by vote 
 authorized by act of Assembly it was decided not to sell 
 the property, as follows: For the sale, 892. Against the 
 sale, 2802. 
 
 The act of 1850 provided for the election 1 of three di- 
 rectors the first year and one yearly thereafter! 
 
 HOME FOR ORPHANS AND FRIENDLESS 
 CHILDREN. 
 
 To relieve the distress of a few families in West Hunt- 
 ingdon, a small house was rented at the corner of Sixteenth 
 and Mifflin streets and the first inmate, a little sick girl, was 
 
169 
 
 carried in on the evening of March 1st, 1881. Other chil- 
 dren soon followed. 
 
 Miss Carrie Miller, later Mrs. W. J. Swigart, became the 
 first matron. After a month the family, numbering seven, 
 removed to Eighteenth and Moore streets, occupying a small 
 one story and a half house until the two-story edition was 
 erected. Miss Elizabeth Howe succeeded Miss Miller. After 
 several years in temporary quarters the children were re- 
 moved to the present Home, Eighteenth and Oneida streets. 
 Mrs. Susan Ressler, who had been an assistant to Miss Mil- 
 ler and Miss Howe, became matron upon the retirement of 
 Miss Howe and continued her services for a period of seven- 
 teen years. Miss Emma Keeny is the present matron. 
 
 The first president of the Home was Mr. Wm. Lewis, a 
 most devout friend of little children. Mr. Lewis died in 
 1885 and was succeeded by K. A. Lovell, Esq. Mr. Lovell 
 removed to Philadelphia and resigned in 1906, having served 
 faithfully for over twenty years. Mr. Wm. Reed, the pres- 
 ent incumbent, succeeded Mr. Lovell. It was in Mr. Reed's 
 store that the idea of a Home was born. Except for the 
 first few years J. R. Simpson, Esq., has been continuously 
 treasurer. 
 
 The institution is undenominational. Each church of 
 the town elects one member of the Board of Trustees. 
 
 Over four hundred children have been received. Near- 
 ly two hundred and fifty have been placed in families. 
 
 The object cf the Home has been to give such tempo- 
 rary aid as is necessary to relieve the sufferings of children 
 and the conditions of distressed parents, but all children 
 permanently dependent are placed as early as possible in 
 private families. The results attending this part of the 
 work have been so satisfactory as to warrant extraordinary 
 provision fcr its extension and prosecution. A fund of 
 $25,000 is being raised to provide for supervision. 
 
 The manner cf receiving and Caring for children, known 
 as the "■ Huntingdon Idea," has received national recogni- 
 tion and was developed by Frcf . David Emmert from his 
 life study of the subject. 
 
170 
 
 THE J. C. BLAIR MEMORIAL HOSPITAL. " 
 There is row being built, on land bordering on Warm 
 Springs avenue, near Thirteenth street, in Huntingdon 
 Borough, a hospital built and equipped with every modern 
 appliance for the alleviation of sickness and distress. It 
 is being erected to the memory of John Chalmers Blair, 
 and, as its deed of gift states, "to be for the use of all, 
 without preference as to religion or theory of medicine." 
 
 This building and equipment has for its foundation 
 the sum of $110,000 which amount has been presented 
 to the trustees of the hospital by Mrs. Kate Fisher Blair. 
 This amount may be supplemented by donations of lodges, 
 societies and individuals who will endow special rooms 
 and beds. 
 
 In construction the building will be altogether fire- 
 proof with an exterior of white vitrified brick, stone trim- 
 ming and tile roof. It will contain accommodations for 
 forty patients at one time and will be supplied with every 
 sanitary and surgical appliance that science can suggest. 
 The sum of $60,000 will be expended for the building and 
 site, and $50,000 used as an endowment. Its location, 
 high above the town and river, ensures sunshine and fresh 
 air for its patients and it will stand, for ages, a memorial 
 to the kindly hands who built this, the greatest charity, 
 Huntingdon ever knew. 
 
 THE OLD MILLS.— Michael Cryder built the first 
 grist mill in the vicinity of Huntingdon, on the west side 
 of the Juniata above the upper end of the borough, about 
 the year 1773. 
 
 The old stone mill which occupied the site of Fisher 
 and Miller's flouring mill on Penn street, was erected by 
 Dr. Smith, proprietor of the town. Field notes in the 
 possession of the compiler show that levels were taken 
 in 1792 and 1793 for the proposed race and it is supposed 
 that the mill was completed about the year last named. 
 
171 
 
 POST OFFICES OF HUNTINGDON COUNTY. 
 
 Meadow Gap. 
 Mentzer. 
 Mill Creek. 
 Mount Union. 
 Neelytown. 
 Neff's Mills. 
 Norrace. 
 Nossville. 
 Orbisonia. 
 
 Pennsylvania Furnace- 
 Petersburg. 
 Pogue. 
 Robertsdale. 
 Rock Hill Furnace. 
 Ronald. 
 Salter. 
 Saltillo. 
 Sarah. 
 
 Saulsburg. t 
 
 Selea. 
 
 Shade Gap. 
 Shade Valley. 
 Shirley sburg. 1. 
 Shy Beaver. 
 Spruce Creek. 
 Three Springs. 2. 
 Todd. 
 
 Trough Creek. 
 Union Furnace. 
 Valley Point. 
 Warriors Mark. 2. 
 Water Street. 
 
 Airydale. 
 
 Aitch. 
 
 Alexandria. 1. 
 
 Aughwick Mills. 
 
 Barree Forge. 
 
 Birmingham. 
 
 Blairs Mills. 
 
 Broad Top. 
 
 Calvin. 
 
 Cassville. 
 
 Charter Oak. 
 
 Coalmont. 
 
 Coles Summit. 
 
 Colfax. 
 
 Cora. 
 
 Cottage. 
 
 Decorum. 
 
 Dudley. 
 
 Eagle Foundry. 
 
 East Broad Top. 
 
 Entrikin. 
 
 Franklinville. 
 
 Grafton. 1. 
 
 Graysville. 
 
 Huntingdon. 3. 
 
 Jacobs. 
 
 James Creek. 
 
 McAlevys Fort. 1. 
 
 McConnellstown . 
 
 McNeal. 
 
 Maddensville. 
 
 Manor Hill. 
 
 Mapleton Depot. 1. 
 
 Note. — Numbers to the right of names indicate num. 
 bers of R. F. D. routes. 
 
172 
 
 NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS.— Michael 
 Duffy was the pioneer printer. On the 4th day of July, 
 1797, he issued the first number of The Huntingdon Courier 
 and Weekly Advertiser, from a building that stood, until 
 destroyed by fire October 29th, 1873, at No.'s 305 and 307 
 Alleghany street. 
 
 In 1810 William R. Smith and Moses Canan began, 
 and continued for about a year, the publication of a month- 
 ly magazine entitled The Huntingdon Literary Museum. 
 
 Many other newspapers were published from time 
 to time and then ceased to exist. Those that- survive in 
 Huntingdon borough are: 
 
 The Huntingdon Journal — First number issued Sept. 
 
 23, 1835. Now the New Era Journal, weekly, and The 
 Daily New Era — First number issued April 1, 1907. J. Ken- 
 riard Johnson, editor. 
 
 The Huntingdon Globe — First number- issued Nov. 
 
 24, 1843. Howard E. Butz, editor. 
 
 The Huntingdon Monitor — First number issued Aug. 
 30, 1862. J. C. Dimm, editor. 
 
 The Semi Weekly News — First number issued Mar. 
 10, 1874. Kimber Cleaver, editor. 
 
 THE GREAT FRESHETS in the Juniata were mem- 
 orable events for the height to which the waters rose and 
 the destruction of property that ensued. The most re- 
 markable occurred as follows: 
 
 1. The "Pumpkin Flood," about November, 1810. 
 
 2. The "Big Break," Tuesday, June 19, 1838. 
 
 3. Friday, Oct. 8, 1847. 
 
 4. Wednesday, July 16, 1851. 
 
 5. "Johnstown Flood," June 1, 1889. 
 POPULATION OF HUNTINGDON BOROUGH. 
 
 1792 85 Families. 1860 1890 
 
 1810 676 1870 3034 
 
 1820 848 1880 4125 
 
 1830 1222 1890 5729 
 
 1840 1145 1900 6053 
 
 1850 1470 1909 (Estimated) 7200 
 
173 
 
 CHIEF BURGESSES. 
 
 1796 Benjamin Elliot. 
 
 1833 Jacob Miller. 
 
 1797 
 
 1834 Peter Swoope, Jr. 
 
 1798 
 
 1835 John Hildebrand. 
 
 1799 John Blair 
 
 1836 John Whittaker, Jr. 
 
 1800 Richard Smith. 
 
 1837 James Gwin. 
 
 1801 John Miller. 
 
 1838 " 
 
 1802 John Miller. 
 
 1839 Christian Couts. 
 
 1803 Ardrew Henderson. 
 
 1840 John Glazier. 
 
 1804 
 
 1841 Thomas P. Campbell 
 
 1805 
 
 1842 David Snyder. 
 
 1806 
 
 1843 James Saxton, Jr. 
 
 1807 
 
 1844 Jacob Hoffman. 
 
 1808 William Steel. 
 
 1845 Thomas Fisher. 
 
 1809 Andrew Henderson. 
 
 1846 William Dorris, Jr. 
 
 1810 
 
 1847 John Bumbaugh, Sr. 
 
 1811 James Saxton. 
 
 1848 Abner Isenhour. 
 
 1812 " 
 
 1849 William Rothrock. 
 
 1813 " 
 
 1850 Abraham McCoy. 
 
 1814 " 
 
 1851 John Flenner. 
 
 1815 Robert Allison. 
 
 1852 Edward C. Summers. 
 
 1816 William R. Smith. 
 
 1853 Thomas P. Campbell 
 
 1817 Robert Allison. 
 
 1854 John O. Murray. 
 
 1818 Peter Swoope. 
 
 1855 Theodore H. Cremer. 
 
 1819 Robert Allison. 
 
 1856 Abraham McCoy. 
 
 1820 Benjamin R. Stevens. 
 
 1857 John Simpson. 
 
 1821 Robert Allison. 
 
 1858 John Whittaker. 
 
 1822 
 
 1859 James Gwin. 
 
 1823 
 
 1860 Daniel Africa. 
 
 1824 
 
 1861 A. Willoughby. 
 
 1825 Henry Miller. 
 
 1862 A. W. Benedict. 
 
 1826 Robert Allison. 
 
 1863 Edmund Snare. 
 
 1827 Benjamin R Stevens. 
 
 1864 Graffus Miller. 
 
 1828 James Coffey. 
 
 1865 Samuel T. Brown. 
 
 1829 Jacob Miller. 
 
 1866 James Saxton. 
 
 1830 Robert Allison. 
 
 1867 Edward C. Summers. 
 
 1831 James M. Bell. 
 
 1868 Henry Glazier. 
 
 1832 William Williams. 
 
 1869 Graffus Miller. 
 
174 
 
 CHIEF BURGI 
 
 :SSES (Continued). 
 
 1870 Alex. Ellict. 
 
 1891 A. Letterman. 
 
 1871 J. Simpson Africa. 
 
 1892 J. C. Blair. 
 
 1872 John 0. Murray. 
 
 1893 David S. Black. 
 
 1873 James H. Boring. 
 
 1894 ) Under Act. of 1893 
 
 1874 Richard Langdon. 
 
 | J. F. Schock. 
 
 1875 Horatio G. Fisher. 
 
 1895 J. F. Schock. 
 
 1876 William Dorris. 
 
 1896 " 
 
 1877 K. Allen Lovell. 
 
 1897 R. A. Orbison. 
 
 1878 Nathan B. Corbin. 
 
 1898 " 
 
 1879 David P. Gwin. 
 
 1899 " 
 
 1880 William Lewis. 
 
 1900 Chas. C. Brewster. 
 
 1881 David Blair. 
 
 1901 " 
 
 1882 Phillip Brown. 
 
 1902 " 
 
 1883 Augustus Letterman. 
 
 1903 H. W. Petriken. 
 
 1884 Caleb C. North. 
 
 1904 " 
 
 1885 Geo. W. Garrettson. 
 
 1905 " 
 
 1886 H. Dill Strickler. 
 
 1906 Geo. W. Fisher. 
 
 1887 Stewart Allen. 
 
 1907 " 
 
 1888 John A. Port. 
 
 1908 " 
 
 1889 J. C. Blair. 
 
 1909 R. W. Jacobs. 
 
 1890 Wilson B. Watson. 
 
 
 BOROUGH OFFICERS.— 1909. 
 CHIEF BURGESS— R. W. Jacobs. 
 
 A. A. Bollinger. 
 C. R. McCarthy. 
 J. B. Boring. 
 Nevin Peightal. 
 
 COUNCILMEN. 
 
 J. H. Lang. 
 
 Xopher Beck. 
 
 Jno. A. Port. 
 
 F. G. Grimison. 
 Secretary — David S. Black. 
 Treasurer — R. J. Mattern. 
 Borough Engineer — J. Murray Africa. 
 Attorney for Council — C. C. Brewster. 
 Street Commissioner — Jno. Flasher. 
 Sexton of Cemetery — John Edelblute. 
 Chief of Fire Dep't — Gilbert Greenburg 
 Chief of Police— W. F. Bathurst. 
 
 C. E. Doyle. 
 
 H. W. Nophsker. 
 
 J. G. Dell. 
 
 T. A. Westbrook. 
 
175 
 
 FIRE DEPARTMENT.— As early as 1801, the Bor- 
 ough authorities provided fire ladders and hooks to be 
 kept at the market house. All householders were required 
 to procure and keep hanging in the outer hall, a leathern 
 fire-bucket. Some of them which are still in existance, were 
 neatly made and had the owner's name and the convention- 
 al-letters H. B. (Huntingdon Borough) handsomely paint- 
 ed thereon. The Borough was divided into fire districts, 
 for each of which a director was appointed by the Council. 
 
 In 1804, Philip Mason, of Philadelphia, built a hand 
 engine for the borough. It arrived here and was housed 
 early in 1805. It did not then bear any distinctive name 
 but by universal consent it soon became known as the 
 "Juniata." An organization soon after effected, to whose 
 charge the engine was committed, bore the title of the 
 ACTIVE FIRE COMPANY. This company was yet in 
 existance as late as 1830, but was scon after disbanded. 
 The Juniata Fire Engine Company was formed in June, 
 1852, but in a very few years went the way of its prede- 
 cessor. The Juniata Fire Company No. 2, was organized 
 Sept. 2nd, 1873. 
 
 The "Phoenix" engine was purchased and arrived 
 here late in the fall of 1840. Its management was com- 
 mitted to the Phoenix Fire Company. In 1874 the engine 
 was removed from the First to the Fourth ward, where a 
 new and efficient company managed it until it was dis- 
 placed by a steamer. 
 
 HUNTINGDON FIRE COMPANY NO. 1 was or- 
 ganized December 31, 1872, and incorporated January 14, 
 1874. It took charge of the Silsby steamer that arrived 
 Thursday , Jan. 2, 1873, and in November, 1880, relinquish- 
 ed it for a La France steamer that had been purchased by 
 the Borough authorities. The Silsby steamer was then 
 committed to the charge of the Phoenix company which 
 then was designated Huntingdon Fire Company, No. 2. 
 
 HUNTINGDON FIRE COMPANY NO. 2 was organ- 
 ized September 2, 1873. It took charge of the old 
 
176 
 
 Phoenix hand engine which it relinqi ished in November, 
 1880, for the Silsby steamer which had been used by Fire 
 Company No. 1. This company has a well furnished en- 
 gine house on Thirteenth street, between Washington and 
 Mifflin streets. 
 
 THE INDEPENDENT HOOK AND LADDER COM- 
 PANY, NO. 1, was organized Oct. 20, 1873. Their truck 
 and ladders arrived about the middle of March, 1874. 
 
 The engine and Council House, Nos. 508 and 510 
 Washington street, accommodates the steamer, Hunting- 
 don No. 1, and the Hook and Ladder truck and the Juniata 
 hand-engine. On the second floor are rooms for meet- 
 ings cf the Borough Council and the fire organizations. 
 The building is provided with a tower in which is suspend- 
 ed a large fire alarm bell. By a connection with the Central 
 Telephone office, alarms can be struck from the office. 
 Steamer Huntingdon No. 2 is housed in an engine house 
 No. 2, on the northern tide cf Thirteenth street between 
 Washington and Mifflin streets. The company has a 
 meeting room on the second floor. The tower contains a 
 fire alarm bell. The fire organizations are under the dir- 
 ection of a chief engineer chosen annually by representa- 
 tives of the several companies and approved by the Bor- 
 ough Council. 
 
 BLAIR PARK. 
 
 This gift of John Chalmers Blair to the people of Hunt- 
 ing^ o.i was made in 1897 by Mrs. Kate F. Blair, pursuant 
 to a written memorandum left by Mr. Blair, and is locatad 
 in the eastern part of Huntingdon, extending up and 
 along the easterly bank of Standing Stone Creek about 
 three miles. 
 
 The many natural beauties have been supplemented 
 by a system of macadamized roads, rustic pavilions and 
 seats. Its boundaries are marked by hedges and stone 
 walls. Many attractive flowers, trees and shrubs ornament 
 the beds and borders of the beautiful lawns and "beauty 
 spots," and a substantial wall protects the grounds from 
 
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177 
 
 inroads by flood from the creek. Most of the land is cover- 
 ed by a beautiful natural growth of trees and shrubs and a 
 fine spring of clear, cold water wells up near the centre 
 of the park. 
 
 A bronze tablet, on the stone column at the right of 
 the entrance, bears the following inscription: "The Blair 
 Park. The gift of J. C. Blair to Huntingdon Borough, 
 June, 1897. Huntingdon Park and Road Association, 
 Trustees." 
 
 Reasonable regulations forbid destruction of plants 
 and trees. Through the generosity of Mrs. Kate F. Blair 
 additions to its beauties are being made from year to 
 year and the Park and Road Association have assisted her 
 efforts until right of way has been secured along the creek 
 above the Park nearly to "Black Bridge" and a road- 
 way built which can be used by nature lovers who drive, 
 walk, or bicycle, during the pleasant months. Many a 
 tired mortal has found rest and relief amid its shady se- 
 clusion and appreciated by word and pen the noble motives 
 which actuated its founder. 
 
 LIGHT, WATER, TELEPHONE, ETC. 
 
 The Huntingdon Gas Company was incorporated 
 March 14, 1857, and on the 29th day of August of that 
 year commenced to supply gas to the citizens. The works 
 are situated between Allegheny and Penn streets, east of 
 Second street. 
 
 The Huntingdon Electric Light Company was charter- 
 ed March 19, 1886. The number of arc lamps in Hunt- 
 ingdon Borough is 75. 
 
 The Huntingdon Gas Company and The Huntingdon 
 Electric Light Company were merged into a new com- 
 pany in October, 1902, under the name of The Hunting- 
 don Gas Company. 
 
 The Huntingdon Water Company (Limited), formed 
 in 1885, constructed works during that and the follow- 
 ing year, taking water for the supply of fire hydrants and 
 private consumers from Standing Stone creek opposite 
 
178 
 
 the eastern end of Washington street. Forty-four fire 
 hydrants have been placed at convenient points through- 
 out the borough. 
 
 The Huntingdon Exchange of the Bell Telephone 
 Company was established in April, 1881. The whole num- 
 ber of telephones connected with this exchange is 629. 
 
 Juniata Water & Water Power Co. Incorporated 
 June 15, 1904. 
 
 Wilson Electric Co. Incorporated September 11, 1905. 
 
 Raystown Water Power Co. Incorporated March 
 30, 1906. 
 
 ELECTRICAL POWER.— Huntingdon has become 
 one of the most important centres in Pennsylvania for 
 furnishing cheap electrical power generated by water power. 
 The town is lighted all night by 2000 candle power arc 
 lamps at a cost of only $41.50 to the Borough per lamp 
 for a year. 
 
 For two years the Juniata Water & Water Power 
 Co., which has constructed a large dam in the Juniata 
 river two miles above the town, has been furnishing elec- 
 tricity through the Huntingdon Gas Co. to consumers 
 for light, heat and power purposes and has an output 
 of 5,000 horse power. 
 
 The Wilson Electric Co. has also brought its current 
 from Alexandria, 7 miles distant, and is supplying the 
 Juniata Valley Electric Street Railway Co., the Hunt- 
 ingdon Water Supply Co., and a number of manufactories 
 with power as well as providing light and heat. It has 
 a capacity of 1000 horse-power. The Raystown Water 
 Power Co. is now constructing a large dam in the Rays- 
 town Branch about 7 miles from Huntingdon, which will 
 be completed by Jan. 1, 1910, and will have a capacity 
 of 5000 horse-power, 
 
 The use of electricity for power which has become 
 so cheap in comparison with that of steam has had the 
 effect of throwing into disuse the old steam plants and 
 tcday only three cf our manufacturers are using steam. 
 
179 
 
 The cheapness of the electrical power furnished at 
 Huntingdon has already attracted the attention of manu- 
 facturers from a distance and plans are being made for 
 
 the erection of new manufacturies to be run by electrical 
 power. 
 
 In a short space of time our town will be rilled with 
 factories set humming by the use of electricity. 
 
180 
 
 JUNIATA VALLEY ELECTRIC STREET RAIL- 
 WAY COMPANY.— This Street Railway Company was 
 incorporated Aug. 8th, 1906, and constructed its line of 
 railway soon thereafter. The road as now constructed be- 
 gins at the Pennsylvania R. R. station, thence up 4th street 
 to Washington, thence up Washington to 11th, thence east 
 on 11th to Moore, thence north on Moore to Juniata College 
 at 17th street. 
 
 Its cars commenced running on the 3rd day of June, 
 1907, and has proved a great convenience to the citizens 
 of the town who have shown such an appreciation of the 
 enterprise through their use of the road, as to make it a 
 financial success from its very inception. 
 
 Plans are now under way for the consolidation of 
 this company with the Big Valley Electric Railway Co., 
 extending to Kishacoquillas Valley and the Juniata Val- 
 ley Electric Railway Co., extending to Mount Union. 
 When these two latter roads are built Huntingdon will 
 become a trolley centre. 
 
 BANKS.— On the 16th day of April, 1813, the first 
 banking institution, a limited partnership, was organized 
 under the name of the president and directors of the Hunt- 
 ingdon Bank. Under the act of March 21, 1814, it became 
 a bank of issue. Business was commenced in the stone 
 house at the northeastern corner of Third and Allegheny 
 streets. A brick building was erected for the accommoda- 
 tion of the corporation at No. 326 Penn street, and oc- 
 cupied by it. After an existence of about eighteen years, 
 the institution was closed and the borough remained with- 
 out banking facilities until the banking house of Bell, 
 Garrettson & Co., was opened at the northwestern corner 
 of Penn and Fourth streets. It subsequently occupied 
 rooms on the northeastern corner of Penn and Fifth streets. 
 On the 22nd day of July, 1863, it was merged into the 
 First National Bank, No. 31. A part of the property 
 
181 
 
 of the old Huntingdon Bank was purchased and the house, 
 No. 326 Penn street erected. It now occupies 505-507 Penn 
 street. The capital is $100,000. Thursday is discount 
 day. The officers are: President, Wm. Phillips; Vice 
 Pres., John Phillips; Cashier, Oscar Irwin; Directors, Thos. 
 F. Bailey, Carl M. Gage, E. McC. Africa, Harry W. Koch, 
 John Dorris, Wm. H. Sweet, Wm. Phillips and John Phillips. 
 
 The Union National Bank is situated on the north- 
 west corner of Fifth and Penn streets. It was organized 
 July 20, 1869, as successor to the banking house of John 
 Bare & Co., which was opened in October, 1866. The 
 capital is $50,000. Discount day, Tuesday. The of- 
 ficers are: President, J. C. Hazlett; Vice President, John 
 White; Cashier, R. J. Mattern; Directors, J. C. Hazlett, 
 Thomas E. Africa, John White, E. A. Miller, R. J. Mattern, 
 John Langdon and Edward M. Greene. 
 
 The Huntingdon Bank, located at No. 309 Third street, 
 was opened November 15th, 1881. C. H. Glazier, cashier. 
 
 The Standing Stone National Bank was organized 
 January 11, 1902, and occupies 412 Penn street. The 
 officers are: President, John Brewster; Vice President, 
 H. B. Brumbaugh; Cashier, A. J. McCahan; Directors 
 John Brewster, H. B. Brumbaugh, John Gillam, L. M. 
 Hagerty, J. H. Brumbaugh, H. B. Dunn, A. J. McCahan 
 and Geo. W. Sanderson. 
 
 The Grange Trust Company was opened January 2, 
 1908, and occupies No. 425 Penn street. The officers 
 are: President, W. F. Hill; Vice Presidents, T. O. Milliken, 
 Dr. W. T. Schaeffer; Cashier and Treasurer, Chas. F. Bell; 
 Trust Officer, J. E. Smucker; Directors, J. N. Knode, Chas. 
 T. Evans, W. J. Hunter, Harry W. Read, J. O. Martin, 
 W. H. Stonebreaker, G. W. Fisher, J. E. Smucker, T. O. 
 Milliken, W. T. Schaeffer, M. L. Shenefelt, John G. Mc- 
 Henry and W. F. Hill. 
 
182 
 
 THE J. C. BLAIR COMPANY.- The history of the 
 J. C. Blair Company is intimately connected with that 
 of Huntingdon as a part cf the business world. Its' founder, 
 John Chalmers Blair, engaged in the business of books 
 and stationery in the borough between the years of 1865 
 and 1878. During the summer of the year last named, 
 believing that writing and print papers could be market- 
 ed to better advantage when put up in tablet form, as 
 against the loose, or folded, sheets, he made a number 
 of varieties as an experiment. Knowing the power of 
 printer's ink, these pioneer tablets were advertised to the 
 stationery trade, and met with a cordial reception. A 
 
 little later on, noticing some colored lithographic signs 
 in a furniture store window, he conceived the idea of adding 
 a decorated cover to the here-to-fore plain tablets. Try- 
 ing out this plan proved a great success and the little 
 store room "in the Diamond" at 422 Penn street was 
 abandoned . in 1881 for the Presbyterian church building 
 at Sixth and Penn. Out-growing this, in turn, the large 
 five-story brick building at Sixth and Allegheny streets 
 was built and occupied during 1884. Then the founda- 
 tion and a part of the walls' of the old church were included, 
 during 1889; in the eight-story brick building which covers 
 one hundred foot frontage on Penn street. The busi- 
 
183 
 
 ness, still increasing, having out-grown the original condi- 
 tions, the founder, with a desire to perpetuate this monu- 
 ment of his business zeal and ability,, created the J. C. 
 Blair Company, by incorporating under the laws of Penn- 
 sylvania on May 22nd, 1891. Thus providing for future 
 developments and enlargements of the business. The 
 wisdom of this course was shown, when, after a long ill- 
 ness, its founder, business man, scholar and philanthropist, 
 passed from this life on June 23rd, 1897, leaving as a legacy 
 to his employees, stock to the total amount of $68,000.00 
 proportioned according to their positions and the length 
 of time employed. The officers of the company, ad- 
 vancing in regular order, took up the work of their friend 
 and benefactor and, with the memories of his wise coun- 
 cil ever before them, carried the business forward. Build- 
 ing after building was added, the most modern machinery 
 was installed, electricity took the place as the most efficient 
 and economic power, in fact, every possible care was 
 taken to keep the factory up to the progressive spirit of 
 modern manufacturing perfection. The upbuilding of 
 the entire plant has been so marked that it is pointed out 
 today as one of the best examples of industrial economics 
 and it ranks with the greatest corporations of the world 
 as a model of systematic business management, sanitary 
 cleanliness, fire prevention and the protection of em- 
 ployees. Essentially a Huntingdon enterprise, Hunting- 
 don men and Huntingdon money, its welfare is closely 
 connected with our town and its long career of successful 
 business enterprise has made the name of Huntingdon 
 favorably known throughout the civilized world. 
 
THE BLUE JUNIATA. 
 
 BY MRS. MARION' DIX SULLIVAN. 
 
 was born in 1802, in Boscawen, N. H., near the beautiful Merrimac River. H« 
 father was Col. Timothy Dix, and she was a sister of Gen. 
 John A. Dix, of New York. She died in i860. 
 
 Wild roved an Indian girl, 
 
 Bright Alfarata, 
 Where sweep the waters 
 
 Of the Blue Juniata; 
 Swift as an antelope, 
 
 Through the forest going, 
 Loose were her jetty locks 
 
 In wavy tresses flowing. 
 
 Gay was the mountain song. 
 
 Of bright Alfarata, 
 Where sweep the waters 
 
 Of the Blue Juniata, 
 Strong and true my arrows are, 
 
 In my painted quiver. 
 Swift goes my light canoe, 
 
 Adown the rapid river. 
 
 Bold is my warrior, good. 
 
 The love of Alfarata, 
 Proud waves his snowy plume 
 
 Along the Juniata; 
 Soft and low he speaks to me. 
 
 And then his war-cry sounding. 
 Rings his voice in thunder loud. 
 
 From height to height resounding 
 
 So sang the Indian girl, 
 
 Bright Alfarata, 
 Where sweep the waters 
 
 Of the Blue Juniata; 
 Fleeting years have borne away 
 
 The voice of Alfarata, 
 Still sweeps the river on, 
 
 The Blue Juniata. 
 
 A RESPONSE TO THE BLUE JUNIATA. 
 
 By Rev. CYRUS CORT, D. D., 1865, 
 while Pastor of the Reformed Church, Altoona, Pa. 
 
 The Indian girl has ceased to rove 
 
 Along the winding river; 
 The warrior Brave that won her love. 
 
 Is gone, with bow and quiver. 
 
 The valley rears another race. 
 
 Where flows the Juniata; 
 Where maidens rove, with paler face 
 
 Than that of Alfarata. 
 
 Where pine trees moan her requiem wail, 
 And blue waves, too, are knelling. 
 
 Through mountain gorge and fertile vale. 
 A louder note is swelling. 
 
 The engine and the telegraph 
 
 Have wrought some wondrous changes 
 Since rang the Indian maiden's laugh 
 
 Among the mountain ranges. 
 
 'Tis grand to see what art hath done. 
 
 The world is surely wiser; 
 What triumphs white man's skill hath woi 
 
 With steam, the civilizer. 
 
 But still, methinks, I'd rather hear 
 
 The song of Alfarata, 
 Had rather chase the fallow deer 
 
 Along the Juniata. 
 
 A hundred years have rolled around. 
 
 The Red man has departed, 
 The hills give back a wilder sound 
 
 Than warrior's whoop e'er started. 
 
 With piercing neigh, the iron steed 
 Now sweeps along the waters, 
 
 And bears with more than wild deer speed 
 The white man's sons and daughters. 
 
 The products, too, of every clime 
 
 Are borne along the river. 
 Where roved the Brave in olden time. 
 
 With nought but bow and quiver. 
 
 And swifter than the arrow's flight, 
 
 From trusty bow and quiver. 
 The messages of love and light 
 
 Now speed along the river. 
 
 For fondly now my heart esteems 
 
 This Indian song and story; 
 Yea, grander far old nature seems. 
 Than art in all its glory. 
 
 Roll on, thou classic Keystone stream. 
 
 Thou peerless little river; 
 Fulfill the poet's brightest dream. 
 
 And be a joy forever. 
 
 As generations come and go. 
 Each one their part repeating. 
 
 Thy waters keep their constant flow. 
 Still down to ocean fleeting. 
 
 And while thy blue waves seek the sea. 
 
 Thou lovely Juniata, 
 Surpassing sweet thy name shall be, 
 
 For sake of Alfarata. 
 
Advertising Section 
 
&he First 
 
 National Bank 
 
 of 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 &he oldest and largest bank in the county. 
 
 Gapifal $100, 000. Surplus $100, 000. 
 
 President, Bice President, Cashier, 
 
 Utm. M. Phillips. John Phillips. Oscar H. Irwin. 
 
 Directors: 
 
 Mm. M. Phillips. mm. H. Sweet. 
 
 John D. Dorris. John Phillips. 
 
 <$homas F. Bailey. E. McG. Africa. 
 
 Garl M. Gaqe. H. m. Koch. 
 
 Your business solicited. 
 
1 873 BLACK'S 1 909 
 JEWE LRY ST ORE. 
 
 Reduced Prices on 
 Watches During Old Home Week. 
 
 A chance to buy a good watch cheap. 
 Largest stock, best assortment and every article 
 guaranteed. Watches, Rings, Jewelry, Diamonds, Sil- 
 verware, Cut Glass, Clocks, Umbrellas. 
 
 Repairing. 
 
 My repair department is the best equipped in the 
 county. Watches, Clocks, Jewelry, Glasses repaired. 
 Umbrellas re-covered and repaired. 
 
 1 
 
 Broken lenses replaced (save the pieces). Any kind 
 of repairing to glasses. 
 
 Call and see the newest and best Eye Glass Mount- 
 ing; your own lenses can be fitted to them. 
 
 A Magic Lens Cleaner given free to all who call. 
 
 Offic 
 
 jm> 
 
 HL//VT/A/G0O/V, PA. 
 
 Offic 
 
 Black's Jewelry Store. 
 
 _ 
 
The Famous ™ by 
 
 Lh! 
 
 Shippensburg Pants 
 
 Shirts and Overalls 
 
 Have no equal for strength, durability and fit. Every 
 
 garment is double sewed with extra strong thread 
 
 and is guaranteed never to rip. 
 
 Sold Everywhere 
 
 Our Corduroy Trousers No. 272 are warranted 
 absolutely stainless, and are positively the 
 
 Best $3.00 Pants Made 
 
 If your dealer does not have them write us for 
 information 
 
 Rummel, Himes & Company 
 
 Shippensburg, Pa. 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Cassimere and Worsted Trousers, Corduroy Suits, Pants 
 and Coats, Overalls, Shirts and Working Clothing. 
 
 Factories at Shippensburg, Pa., Fayetteville, Pa., Mongul, Pa. 
 
 No goods at retail. 
 
Our Equipment 
 
 Best in 
 Central Penna. 
 
 M 
 
 Electricity, Com 
 pressed Air, Pneu- 
 matic Tools, Pol- 
 ishing Machinery, 
 Traveling Crane. 
 
 F.O.liEAVER # SON, Marble and Granite Works 
 
 515-517 Mifflin St., Huntingdon, Pa. Geo. D. Beaver, Prop. 
 
 Hotel Brunswick 
 
 H. D. TAYLOR, Prop. 
 Huntingdon, Penna. 
 
 Rates $1.50 per Day 
 
Mrs. Zeigler 
 
 Corner Fifth and Penn Streets 
 
 Choi 
 
 oice 
 
 Milli 
 
 mery 
 
yE— »KM || I «f fT— ""-~""T --^miTTMII 'I IM I ll l 'l l MMHIi W IIHI IIIii I III 1 1 1 1 ■ ■■ n il i — ii 
 J. Randolph Simpson. Warren B. Simpson. 
 
 J. R. & W. B. Simpson, 
 
 Attorneys-at-Law, 
 
 309 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Practice in all the courts. 
 Special attention given to settlement of decedent's estates. 
 
 Margaret J. Bayer, 
 
 Deale 
 
 Fancy Goods, Staple Notions, 
 
 Laces, Embroidery and Ribbons. 
 824 Mifflin Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Don't forget to call at 
 
 H. H. Atherton's 
 Shaving Parlor. 
 
 107 Fourth Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Shafer & McCamant, 
 Cigars, Tobacco and Smokers' Supplies, 
 
 One Door North of Post Office, 
 Fifth Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
RICH QUALITY 
 
 AND 
 
 POOR PRICES 
 
 Quality good enough for rich 
 people, at prices to suit the poor 
 man's purse. That is our policy. 
 We stick to the old byword, "quick 
 sales and small profits/' 
 
 You get twice as much for your money 
 here as in other stores. Come in, hear our 
 prices, and you will be convinced of that 
 fact. The place for you to huy if you do 
 not want to be hard on your bank account. 
 
 A saving of from 25 to 50 per 
 cent* guaranteed on all of our goods. 
 You will always find something new 
 
 and snappy in Men's Clothing:, Furnish- 
 ing Goods, Hats, Shoes, Trunks and Suit 
 Cases. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS'OUTLET CLOTHING CO. 
 
 Cor. 6th and Washington Sts., Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 
We invite all 
 attending Old 
 Home Week 
 to visit us. 
 
 Many of you have been our patrons at some time, 
 and we wish to greet you and have you see that we are 
 growing and keeping pace with this progressive age. 
 
 More than twenty years ago we began our present 
 business with a foundation of fair and equitable treatment 
 of all and on this foundation we have built ever since. 
 Our methods seemed to be appreciated and our business 
 has continued to grow in a very gratifying manner. 
 
 Incidentally we would say that you will probably 
 find here about everything needed for every room in the 
 home and a good selection. 
 
 McCarthy Furniture & Carpet Co., 
 
 (Successors to C. R. & W. B. McCarthy) 
 Cor Seventh and Washington Streets, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Pure Drugs Our Specialty 
 
 You take no risk when you buy from us. 
 
 Prescriptions filled on short notice by men who 
 know how. 
 
 Only the best home made ice cream and pure fruit 
 extracts used at our fountain. 
 
 Calvert's Drug Store, 
 
 Fifth Street, Two Doors Above Post Office, 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
Huntingdon, Penna. 
 
 A Store of More Than Ordinary Merit. 
 
 September First 
 
 Marks the Thirtieth Anniver- 
 sary of the starting of this busi- 
 ness in Huntingdon. Since we 
 came all merchandising has 
 changed greatly, business being 
 conducted on a far higher plane. This store has 
 been foremost in inaugurating the new ideas. 
 
 With our long experience we know well the 
 wants of our people. Ever progressive, we have 
 some great plans for the improvement of our 
 business which will make the store an even bet- 
 ter place to buy. 
 
 For Old Home Week 
 
 we will have Special Mer- 
 chandise at very special 
 prices. 
 
 All Visitors are invited to 
 make use of the store, meet 
 your friend here, leave your 
 packages in our care. 
 
 Little is sold in this 
 store which cannot be 
 recommended, and few 
 apologies need be made 
 for the appearance or 
 wear of anything com- 
 ing from it. 
 
 Ik. 
 
 We will do everything possible 
 for your comfort. 
 
 William Reed & Sons. JE& 
 
F. G. Grimison 
 
 Distributor * ■ Distributor 
 
 CHOCOLATES. 
 
 "THE TASTE TELLS." 
 
 Wholesale Confectioner 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 The Grange ^rusl Go. 
 
 Capital $125,000.00 
 
 Receives Deposits, Makes Loans, T^ents Safe 
 
 Deposit Boxes, Acts as Administrator, 
 
 Executor, Guardian, -Trustee. 
 
 Writes Surety Bonds. Collects Incomes. 
 
 3 1-2 Per Gent Interest 
 Paid on Time Deposits. 
 
 travelers' Checks and Letters of Credit for Sale. 
 
 W. F. HILL, President. W, T. SHEAFFER, First rice Pres. 
 
 T. O. MILLIKEN, Second Vice Pres. CHAS. F. BELL, Treasurer. 
 
 J. E. SMUCKER, Trust Officer. 
 
 North East Corner of the Diamond. 
 
J. C. Hazlett, 
 
 Dealer in 
 
 Fashionable, Up-to-Date Footwear, 
 
 For Ladies, Gentlemen, 
 
 Misses and Youths. 
 
 402 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Huntingdon Beef and Provision Co., 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in 
 
 Fresh and Cured Meats and Provisions. 
 Home Dressed and Home Cured Meats a Specialty. 
 
 Poultry in Season. Live Stock, Hides, Tallow, &c. 
 
 Our Motto "Quality Before Price." 
 
 Give us a trial. If we please you, tell your friends — if we do not, tell us. 
 
 2 1 4 Fifth Street, Huntingdon, Penn'a. 
 
 Telephone Connection. 
 
Hugo Mayer's 
 
 Golden Eagle Clothing Hall. 
 
 No matter how large or small your purchase 
 might be, we want it returned to us if you are 
 not perfectly satisfied. 
 
 We offer only honest merchandise made for 
 us by America's best and foremost manufacturers 
 and we guarantee every purchase made of us to 
 be worth the price you pay. Often more but 
 never less. 
 
 We show the largest assortments of 
 High Grade Clothing for 
 
 Men, Boys and Children, and 
 Gentlemen's Furnishings 
 
 of Any Store in Huntingdon County. 
 
 '8 
 
 Corner 4th and Penn Streets, 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
Chas. M. Kline 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHER 
 
 518 Washington Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 TAYLOR the TAILOR 
 
 427 Penn Street, 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Harvey E. Funk 
 
 Hosiery Manufacturer 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 C. E. Doyle 
 
 Restaurant and Quick Lunch 
 
 Opposite Union Depot. 
 
L. R. Leister 
 
 W. S. Leist-r 
 
 . . Leister House . . 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 Rates: $2.00. With Bath, $2.50 
 
Made in Huntingdon. 
 
 Sold all over the civilized world. 
 
 Blair's 
 
 J^ eystone S tationery 
 
 Established 1878— J. C. Blair, Founder. 
 Incorporated 1891 — J. C. Blair Company. 
 
 36/ ^SlKSS 
 
 
 The largest and most complete 
 manufactory of its kind in this country. 
 
 We know how to make the best tablets 
 and we make them the best we know how. 
 
 J. C. Blair Co., 
 
 Manufacturing Stationers, 
 Huntingdon, Penn'a. 
 
Swigart, Harshbarger & Co. 
 
 "Dependable Insurance" 
 
 Union National Bank Building 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 District Managers 
 
 Northwestern Mutual Life 
 
 Insurance Company 
 
 Welliver's 
 
 5 and 1 Cent Store 
 
 Nothing Over Ten Cents 
 
 Corner Penn and Fourth Streets 
 
 Huntingdon Bank Book Co. 
 
 D. Y. Swayne, Proprietor 
 
 Manufacturer of Bank Pass Books 
 
 Headquarters for First Class Bank Book Work 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
H. m. Gerlock 
 
 Founder and Machinist 
 
 Corner Ninth and Mifflin Sts. 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Iron and Brass Castings 
 
 General Machinery Repairing 
 
 Mine and Mill Supplies 
 
 Brick and Sand Plant Equipments 
 Special Jlgent for 
 
 f^uberbid Roofing 
 
 ?5he Pioneer f^eady '-to-lay Roofing 
 of America. 
 
 Automobile Garage Attached 
 
 Telephone Connection 
 
By This 
 
 Sign 
 Shall Ye 
 
 Know 
 Us 
 
 Jewelry Made to Order. 
 
 High Grade Optical Work. 
 Expert Watch Repairing. 
 
 Diamonds, Watches, 
 Jewelry, Silverware, 
 Cut Glass, Clocks, 
 Leather Goods, 
 College Pennants. 
 
 J. Sewell Stewart, 
 
 Manager. 
 
 John P. Messmer, Crtidan. 
 
 Standing Stone National Bank 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 412 Penn Street 
 
 State and County Depository 
 
 Interest paid on Time Deposits 
 
 Safe Deposit Boxes free to customers 
 Valuables stored in Burglar and Fire Proof Vault with- 
 out charge 
 
 Absolute Security Best Service Utmost Liability 
 
The place to eat is at 
 
 Fisher's 
 
 4 1 7 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Eat . . . Fishers . . . Bread 
 
Oliver Yohn & Go. 
 
 439 Fifth Avenue, New York Gity 
 
 Mail Piano Catalogues Free on Re- 
 quest and -Tell You How to Save 
 Money on the Best Pianos and 
 Player-Pianos in the florid 
 
 Knabe, Behning and 
 Other Makes 
 
 National House 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Elmer 27. Jacobs, Prop'r 
 
Juniata College. 
 
 Juniata College maintains courses of study 
 in six distinct departments of instruction. 
 
 The College. Four years' course, leading 
 to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. 
 
 The Academy. Four years' course, pre- 
 paring for college and scientific school. 
 
 The Teachers' School. Three years' 
 course, with professional subjects required in 
 preparation for teaching. 
 
 The Bible School. English Bible Course 
 of two years, and four years' course, leading to 
 the degree of Bachelor of Divinity. 
 
 The Music School. Courses in Pianoforte 
 and Voice Culture, with diploma at graduation. 
 
 The Business School. A complete Com- 
 mercial Course, and a course in Stenography 
 and Typewriting. 
 
 Special features about the institution are: 
 Large and experienced Faculty; complete equip- 
 ment in buildings, class rooms and laboratories; 
 a Library of 28,000 volumes in a beautiful new 
 building; Gymnasium with Physical Director; 
 pleasant dormitory accommodations; true demo- 
 cratic spirit among the students; good, moral and 
 religious sentiment throughout the institution. 
 
 A description of the different courses of study, 
 with general information about rates, etc., is giv- 
 en in the catalogue, which is sent free upon re- 
 quest. 
 
 I. Harvey Brumbaugh, Acting President, Huntingdon, Pa* 
 The Fall Term of 1 909 will begin Monday, September 1 3th. 
 
W. W. Hazlett 
 
 Clothier and Furnisher 
 
 404 Penn Street 
 Huntingdon, Penna. 
 
 . . B. F. Fink . . 
 
 Manufacturer and Shipper of 
 
 Railroad Ties, Bill and Car Lumber 
 
 Dealer in 
 
 Hardware, Paints, Oils, 
 
 Crown Wall Plaster, Portland Cement, Etc. 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Have Your Clothes Built by 
 
 - - Baldwin the Tailor - - 
 
 Fifth Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
John ^ead <£ Sons 
 
 Druggists 
 
 Established IS 29 
 Eighty years in business at the present site 
 
 . . Two Stores . . 
 
 410 Pen/7 St., Opera House Block, Washington St. 
 
 T'he oldest drug store in Pennsylvania 
 
 Cull ot our Penn street store and see the 
 finest drug store in the State 
 
 Old Home Week visitors welcome 
 
 Souvenirs to purchasers 
 
Herncane Bros. 
 
 Special Prices During Old Home Week 
 
 Silks, Satins and Fancy Suitings, Voiles, 
 Ginghams, Madras, Percales Etc., 
 
 at lower prices than ever before. Notions of every de- 
 scription. A complete shoe department. 
 Carpets, Linoleums, Oil Cloth, Window Shades, Lace 
 Curtains Etc. Farmers we take your produce. 
 Groceries of every description. 
 
 Corner Sixth and Washington Streets 
 Picture Framing Photographic Supplies 
 
 Frank Edwards 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHER 
 
 418—420 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Edison Phonographs, Victor 
 
 Victrolas, Victor Talking Machines 
 
 and Records 
 
started to operate their line on the morning of 
 June 3rd, 1907. The company started in with 
 the intention of giving superior service to all 
 other electric railroads in the State and has 
 been giving a ten minutes' service and employ- 
 ing no men excepting those who are courteous 
 and kind to the traveling public. Operating 
 their cars through the town of Huntingdon 
 shows that the general public appreciates the 
 service and courtesy by the growth in business. 
 This company has been progressive and success- 
 ful since the first car was operated. 
 
 The company has charters from Hunting- 
 don to Mt. Union and from Mill Creek to Reeds- 
 ville, connecting Lewistown and Mt. Union with 
 Huntingdon, also the rights of way to Cold 
 Springs Park, a distance of two and three quarter 
 miles north of Huntingdon. When all com- 
 pleted this will make a railroad system of about 
 5 1 miles and will be the means of developing the 
 Juniata Valley. With the Hydro Electric pow- 
 er now here, and the other electric power dams 
 now under construction, the fifty -one miles of 
 e'ectric railroad of this company should be the 
 means of making Huntingdon one of the most 
 progressive manufacturing centres in Pennsyl- 
 vania. 
 
 R. W. JACOBS, President and General Manager. 
 J. M. STARR, Secretary and Treasurer. 
 
Huntingdon Saw and Planing Mills 
 Jno. S. Bare 
 
 Everything in Lumber furnished from our own Plant or 
 from the Best of the Big Mills. 
 
 A 2x4, for a trifling repair, or the entire outfit for a 
 fine mansion, will be promptly furnished. The prices 
 will be right, the quality true to grade, the count abso- 
 lutely correct. 
 
 We have been favored with a very generous share of 
 orders for Lumber, etc., used in brightening up this good- 
 ly town. When you have inspected us, you will want to 
 come and live with us after the racket is over. You will 
 want to build along side of us. That means that we will 
 handle the greater part of your building material. And 
 you won't regret it. 
 
 Mill and Yards, Penn St., Fifteenth to Sixteenth Sts. 
 
 John G. Simpson 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 Dealer in 
 
 Farm Implements, 
 Buggies, Surries, 
 
 Spring Wagons, 
 and Kramer Road 
 Wagons, Timothy and Clover Seeds, Lawn 
 Grass Seeds and Fertilizers. 
 
 Oliver Plows. 
 
 Beware of imitation plow shares, claimed to be 
 genuine Oliver. All Genuine Oliver Shares have the 
 trade mark cast in the metal on the under side. 
 
Sam. E. Blyler 
 
 Proprietor of 
 
 &he Standing Stone Hotel 
 
 Located Opposite the 
 Huntingdon County Jail 
 
 Incites per Day, $1.50 
 
 $11 Modern Conveniences throughout 
 
 Capacity of Stable, 
 thirty-three Head of Horses 
 
 Leading Hotel in ^own 
 
 to Accommodate the Farmers, Etc. 
 
JerkYour Head Off! 
 
 4@iffvolIarfs 
 
 Aife J4fl<Je with the 
 
 ''Easy Tie Slide" Space 
 
 Allowing your Tie to Slide with perfect ease— All styles. 2 for 25cents. All sizes. 
 
 Stewart and Shaffer, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 The Union National Bank 
 
 of Huntingdon 
 Corner Fifth and Penn Streets 
 
 A Sound, Conservative and Well Managed Bank 
 
 Accounts Invited upon the Most Liberal Terms 
 Consistent with Sound Banking 
 
 Safety Deposit Boxes Free to Our Customers 
 
 President, J. C. Hazlett 
 
 Vice-President, John White 
 
 Cashier, R. J. Mattern 
 
WALLACE WILSON, President. GEO. C. WILSON, Sec. and Treas. 
 
 Alexandria, Pa. Tyrone, Pa. 
 
 C. C. CURNS. Superintendent 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 (Mil son Electric 
 Company 
 
 Power and Light 
 
 Electricity 
 
 for /til Purposes 
 
 Estimates Cheerfully Furnished 
 
 Motors, Dynamos, 
 
 Electrical Household Appliances 
 
 aUe satisfy our present customers and will 
 do the same for you 
 
 Wilson Electric Company 
 
 320 Penn Street 
 Huntinydon, Penna. 
 
White & Strait, 
 
 Dealers in 
 
 Anthracite and Bituminous Coal. 
 
 Office-616 Washington Street. 
 Yard—Ninth and Washington Streets. 
 
 M. S. Jackson. A. H. Duffan. 
 
 Commonwealth Catering Co. 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 CAFE 
 620 Washington Street. 
 
 Jas. L. Westbrook, 
 
 Manufacturer of 
 
 Westbrook's Famous Ice Cream. 
 
 Manufactory and Parlor Opposite Opera House Block. 
 CREAM made of CREAM and not MILK. 
 
Huntingdon 's 
 New Fire Proof Garage 
 
 609—611 Mifflin Street 
 
 6. £. Buille 
 
 Pioneer Automobile Dealer 
 
 in Gentral Pennsylvania 
 
 Established 1897 
 
 'Distributor for <^he @ 'aC/lllaC * Gried } and ' &n/e 
 
 Up to the Minute Service 
 
Stewart & Shaffer 
 
 The Cash Clothiers 
 
 Will Save You Money 
 
 Buying and selling for cash only reduces the cost of ev- 
 erything, and enables us to sell reliable mer- 
 chandise, from the best manufacturers 
 in the world, at lowest prices. 
 
 Two Large Stores 
 
 Hanover, York Co., Pa., and Huntingdon, Pa. 
 Go to 
 
 H. L. Leister 
 
 for Cigars and Pipes 
 
 426 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 Jno. C. Dunkle 
 
 105 Fourth Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 General Insurance — Fire, Life, Accident 
 
 Representing old, reliable companies with assets of over $40,000,000 
 
C. H. Miller Hardware Co. 
 
 This 3tore supplies the 
 best of its kind in all 
 branches of hardware 
 and kindred lines. Its 
 aim is to please every 
 customer and every item 
 leaving this store is guar- 
 anteed to be as repre- 
 sented. 
 
 
 C. H. Miller Hardware Co. 
 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
FRANK WESTBROOK 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 
 
 Foreign and Domestic Fruits, 
 
 Vegetables, Etc. 
 429 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 LEWIS E. PORT 
 
 Liveryv Sale and Exchange Stables 
 
 Corner 4th and Washington Sts. T-Timhrirr^/~»n Po 
 
 Two Squares from Union Depot nUntingdOn, ra. 
 
 J. E. SPONEYBARGER 
 
 Dealer in 
 
 Guns, Ammunition, Fishing Tackle and 
 
 All Kinds of Sporting Goods, 
 
 Athletic Supplies, Etc. 
 
 529 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
Philip Brown's Sons 
 
 Manufacturers 
 QJholesale and Retail 
 
 Furniture & Carpets 
 
 Mattresses, Bedding, Oil Gloth, 
 
 Go-carts, Window Shades, 
 
 Home Made Kitchen Cabinets 
 
 Special Furniture Made to Your Order 
 
 Undertakers 
 
 and 
 
 Embalmers 
 
 Burial Caskets and Supplies 
 
 Store— 6 13 allasliington Street 
 
 Factories— 613— 619 Mifflin Street 
 
WKe Huntingdon Book Bindery 
 
 717 Mifflin Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 P. Q. Box 36 
 
 Boohs Bound in jJ 11 Styles 
 
 Edition Work Given Prompt and Careful 
 attention. Special Law and Library Binding 
 
 ' l Nelson j&. Haw ley, Mgr. 
 
 One hundred copies of this edition have been 
 hound in Green G loth Buckram, with gold title, and 
 are for sale at the bindery. Price $1.00 f. o. b. 
 Huntingdon. s$ny purchasers of this edition in paper, 
 can have the same rebound, as above described, for 
 75 cents, f. o. b. Huntingdon. 
 
 m. 6. fflHson, D. D. S. 
 
 509 Washington Street 
 Huntingdon, Pennsylvania 
 
 Miller Bros. 
 
 (tobacco and Cigars 
 
 Gigars Wholesale 1 
 109 Fourth St., Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
516 Mifflin Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 This book was printed by us. If you like it, 
 let us estimate on your work. 
 
 (He Can Save You Money 
 
 We are competent to do anything 
 
 you may have for us to do. 
 
 We are 
 
 Printers 
 
 and 
 that means job printers, book print- 
 ers, plain and artistic printers. 
 
 During the first six months of this year we 
 filled orders of customers from twenty- 
 six states, the District of Col- 
 umbia and Canada. . 
 
 Imitation Typewritten Letters a Specialty 
 
 We Publish "The Monitor," 
 
 the Democratic Organ of Huntingdon County. 
 
Ghos. 1L Africa Z£l. Garey Africa 
 
 JlfrJca Bros, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in 
 
 Hard- 
 
 519 Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
 SJm. H. Long 
 
 Practical 
 
 Plumber and Gas Fitter 
 
 Steam and Hot Water Heating 
 
 Jill Kinds of Plumbing, Gas and Heating 
 
 Goods on Hand at 311 feimes. 
 
 &lsoJJH Sizes of Pipes and Fittings 
 
 jjgent for Acetylene Machines 
 
 Residence and Shop, 612, 614 Seventh St. 
 Huntingdon, Pa. 
 
LB Mr 'I I