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WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. I
Compiled by workers of thefftriters' Program of the
Work Projects Administration in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Lamed, State Administrator
Beginning today, your Fort Brady News will carry a short weekly
article by the Michigan Writers1 Project about interesting places in
and around Fort Brady. This series will tell about recreational facili¬
ties, points of interest and give now and then a dash of history when
an item is dealt with that is of national importance.
* * *
Sault Ste. Marie.
The city in which you are encamped has a population of 14,337,
is the third oldest city in the United States (it was first settled by
French explorers and priests in 1668) and offers much in recreational
facilities as well as sites of historic interest and present-day wonder.
Here within rifle shot of the post are swimming, fishing, golf,
tennis and other games. Try swimming at Sherman Park, four miles up the
river, where there is a bathing pavilion and a good beach, to say nothing
of animal pens containing coyote, wolf, fox, bear, raccoon and a seven-
acre deer yard enclosing a small herd. Or take a run two miles further
up-river to "The Shallows,* where the Coast Guard checks boats coming
down and where you can swim if you wade out across the sand.
No. I
2
If you like to tangle with rainbow trout you can find them in various
places along the river. It's too bad that you can't, because of the emer¬
gency, get into the Soo Rapids, where many record-breaking fish have been
taken. Within a week or two it will be possible to arrange boat trips
down the river to the interesting places we shall later describe. Unfor¬
tunately, at the moment no schedules have been arranged. It will be
possible to learn, not only about boats but about guides, tackle, etc.,
by inquiring at the Chamber of Commerce, in the Ojibway Hotel, or at any
of the sporting goods stores.
If you want to play golf, try the Country Club, two miles east on
Portage Avenue just across from Sugar Island, Or cook up a game of
tennis on the pjQuJlic courts at East Sherman and Bingham Streets, where
thejre are also shuffle-board and horse-shoe courts.
You have already seen plenty of the locks, but perhaps you do not
know the details about them. The oldest, now in disuse, is 96 years of
age. The other four floats more tonnage thaii Panama and Suez canals com¬
bined. Here is a Federal investment of nearly twenty million dollars that,
right now, is carrying what it takes for this national defense program
and making your guardihg job worth while. The original lock was constructed
by the state in 1855. The Weitzel lock was completed in 1881 after the
Federal Government took over the project. The Poe lock was opened in
1896; the Davis and Sabin locks, longest in the world (1,350 feet) were
finished in 1919. The four are carrying more than ninety million tons of
freight annually, valued at a billion dollars, with all records due to be
smashed this year. Across the river are other locks operated by the
Canadian government which will be just as busy.
No. I
3
The International railroad bridge above the locks has a jack-knife
span of 3,607 feet, one of the world1s longest, and is so well balanced
that a fifty-horsepower motor operates it.
Visit the old Schoolcraft house on the Union Carbide Company grounds.
It was built in 1840, the residence of Michigan's first Indian agent and
an able Indian Historian, It was Schoolcraft who furnished Longfellow
with the Indian legends on which "The Song of Hiawatha" was based. He
learned many of them from the forefathers of the local Ojibways,
Look up Father Marquette's Indian Mission church, the first Christian
church in Michigan. The original was built in 1668. See the old American
Fur Company building at 126 Park Place, established by John Jacob Astor,
Former Governor Chase S, Osborn has presented to the city the temple
gates from Japan and the temple lanterns from China, now installed in
Government Park. (The Soo is Governor Osborn's home town. He enjoys the
distinction of being officially Michigan's first citizen, by legislative
act.) In sharp contrast to this, see and use after September 15
the ice skating rink in the Community building on East Portage Street.
Or roller skating during the summer at Northland rink, three blocks south
of the community building, for 25y*. Skates furnished in both bases.
There are many other points of interest in the Soo, Visit the sawmill
on your way to Sherman Park, for instance, and see lumber made at the rate
of 60,000 feet per day. You'll be welcome. And if your curiosity is
aroused by the historic spot where you are, dig into the dramatic history
of the town and the region. Many fine volumes may be found in the Carnegie
Library and the historical museum.
Next week you will read about a group of down-river islands.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. II
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the .Work
Projects Administration In the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Sugar Island.
A ferry operates between East Portage Street and Sugar Island.
Tou can find it on the river bank just across from the Country Club,
two miles east. Fare 25# for car and driver, 10£ for pedestrians?
service continuous, with a view of freighters passing so close that
they almost rub sides, in a channel so narrow that you can throw a
rock across it.
The island has 60 miles of water front, with Lake George to the
east and the St. Mary's river, widening into Lake Nicolet, on the west.
It is dotted with cottage settlements, all of them having boat liveries.
Fishing here for trout, rock bass, black bass, perch, wall-eyed and great
northern pike, or "muskies" is bf the best.
For centuries this land has been famous among both red and white
men for its maple sugar, hence its name. The shore flats furnished hay
for the first Fort Brady. Also, the island in 1850 produced ten tons of
raspberry jamJ
An interesting bit of local history is that Mrs. Johnston, wife of
a Soo trader, was given several square miles of Sugar Island by the state
of Michigan as a reward for having saved territorial Governor Cass' neck
Ho. II
2
and probably preventing a serious Indian war in 1820 when Cass visited
the Soo to reestablish Fort Brady after the British had been driven out.
Mrs. Johnston, daughter of a ohief, talked the hostile mob of Indians out
of an attack on Cass after he had hauled down the British flag hoisted by
the Indian chiefs. Read the full account, beginning on page 298 of "Sault
Ste. Marie and Its Great Waterway" by Fowle, which is in the City Library.
In this volume is also the statement that in the winter of 1618-19, before
the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, the first white man, Etienne Brule,
wintered on the east shore of Lake George, opposite Sugar Island.
The first white settler on the island after its purchase from the
Indians in 1836 was Philetus Church, who conducted a store still standing
at Church*s landing.
Another village on the island is Payment, settled by a family of
that name who supplied wood for the boilers of the first steamboats.
And down at the southern tip of the island, at Homestead, is a coast
guard operated service station for reconditioning the buoys used to mark
ship channels.
Today the winter population of the island numbers some 700, about
one-third Indians and the balance mostly Finnish farmers. An Indian arts
and crafts station is located halfway down the island where Indians practice
their ancient handicrafts. In the summer time the population rises to
nearly 3,000, there being many cabin camps and cottages along its shore.
Neebish Island.
Neebish Island is just south of Sugar Island, is nine miles long and
six wide. Northbound boat traffic uses the Middle Neebish channel to the
east which was Widened to 300 feet between 1928 and 1934} downbound traffic
No. II
3
takes the West Neebish route, cut out of solid rock to a depth of 21+ feet.
A ferry operates from the mAinland Just east of Barbeau, twelve miles south
of the Soo on a continuation of East Portage Avenue. Just wave the white
flag that is there for a signal. Ware, 25^ for car and driver, 10£ for
pedestrians. And fishing is excellent, for pike, perch, trout, wall-eyes
and great northern pike.
The first permanent white settlers here were lumbermen who came in
about 1885• As the timber was removed the land was taken up by farmers
who are now scattered about the island. These, with a few commercial fish¬
ermen make up a winter population about 300. The summer population is
large however, the island having been popular since the building in 1893
of a summer boarding-house by two grand-daughters of the Mrs. Johnston
mentioned above. These women, themselves part Indian, first interested
white tourists by erecting real tepees of birch and cedar bark and display¬
ing the Indian arts as well as relating tales of the early history of the
Soo country.
Little Neebish Island.
Little Neebish Island is in West Neebish channel close to the north¬
western shore of larger Neebish. The lower or southern end of Big Neebish
juts for some distance into the large body of water known as Mununskong
Lake. All around the island the waters are teeming with fish.
Don't fail to climb the Conservation Department fire tower on the
mainland nearby. You'll get an excellent view.
.Y112U TO 3D - "./HAT TO IX) , 3.
Dodge liin ^iskong State hark # twonty^five miles south or Sadlt ^Ste# Maris|?
by county road and slightly further by state highway# is the next point of
interest down the river a park and game refuge well worth a visit by
nature lovers# The oounty roeQi skirts the shore of St# Maryf 3 river with many
turn-offs where one may reach water# (See the Dunbar State Forest Experiment
station seventeen miles south# Operated by Michigan State College school of
forestry) By state highway one may travel south twenty-three miles on
f
US-2 to its junction with 11-48# then turn east on a county road through
Stirlingville# five miles# thenoe north two miles to the park entrance.
The park, covering 3,756 acres# was once the private hunting
preserve of the Dodge broilers# of automobile fame# It has a frontage of
six and one-half miles on the St# iaary,s river and two and one-half miles
on the Little Munuskong river- A large portion of its frontage is a marsh
teeming with ducks# shore birds and other wild life. The Dodge brothers
erected an elaborate lodge# an observation tower sixty feet high and service
buildings. Hie Dodge heirs gave the land to the sate and the Conservation
department dedicated it as a park and game refuge#
This area has special interest for students of biology# for wild
life is abundant# The forest is dense, sheltering not only birds but animals
which, protected from hunters, are frequently seen# The caretaker each day
feeds deer, many of which are so tame that visitors do not alarm them# Ex¬
tensive duck banding operations are conducted her© and attendants will gladly
ansvrer questions# •
The lodge is equipped with a mess hall and, bunk rooms which are
available for nature study olasses and other groups# Communioate with the
■£■ V
park superintendent# Boats no'available in the park but at a resort nearby#
i ^
Fishing good# forpike, perch# wall-eyes# trout and muskellonge#
lame Island is down river from Munuskong Bay and the state park
and may be reached by continuing on the oounty road from Stirlingvilleto
Raber, population 50. Or from Sault Ste. Marie take U8-2 south for twenty-seven
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO IX, -fj=3. Page 2
miles, turn east on M-48 through Stalwart, thence to second turn right
to the edge of Goetzville, nineteen miles. The oounty road leading left
at this point takes you to Raber. No ferry operates to this island but
a boat may be secured at Raber. At Goetzville examine the large building
behind the postoffice. It was onoe a hotel, and jdncatittagimi is still
roofed with the shakes, or hand-wrought shingles that were applied in 1886.
Lime island was onoe a" popular gathering place for Indians,
who assembled there to play la orosse on the flats between the island and
Little Lime island. It was well known to the e^rly French settlers as well,
for an undated early French map gave it the name Isle du Platre (Plaster
Island.) Michigan's first governor, C^.ss, also knew of this island for it
is a matter of record that in 1820 he caused a southbound schooner to stop there
and take on a ballast load of limestone, after which manjf other schooners did
the same. The name Lime island resulted.
The first settler of record on the island was Jospeh M Kemp, who
• <
landed in 1848 and engaged in the lime business, ^ater he was responsible
for opening the lime deposits on Brummond Isla,d °ther settlers arrived in
1880 and a second quarry was opened. The island then passed into the
possession of F. 0. Davenport of Detroit, a retired naval officer who had
commanded the "Michigan," the first iron battleship on the Great *tdces. He
erected a large hotel, hoping to attract summer tourists, b ut died in 1903.
The island was then bought by the Pittsburg Coal Company which in 1912 ereoted
a dock for fueling steamers and converted the hotel into an apartment for employees.
floats for fishing are available at Raber, with fish of the varieties
mentioned above readily taken*
Three public Manorial Day programs
were planned for today by the officers
and enlisted men of Fort Brady and
patriotic and civic organizations of
Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.
Scheduled for the morning wore mili.-
tary service.? at the Fort Brady plat in
Riverside Cemetery, dedication of the
American Legion Cairn on Ashmun Street,
and a concluding program at Fort Brady
Park.
Mild r'1 J Tilis hay should bring forth < A parade by troops and civilians was
\ |visions of men who fought and i to precede the ceremony in the Park.
j. 1 died so that the principles ;l
' L I for which we new serve might Lt. Col. N. L. Sodcrholm, Commanding
vjnot be destroyed. This day o Officer of Fort Brady, was to preside
should bring realization of thq at the cemetery rites and was also to
common cause which unites us r dedicate the Lc-gion Cairn,
for the defense of our country];
: and recognition of those who | Colonel Fred T. Cruse, Commanding
| have preceded us in the serv- Officer of the Military District of
! ice and preserved the democra- \ Sault Ste. Marie, was to be speaker of
! tic ideals that we are now I the day and address the assemblage at
granted the right to protect. '*■ Fort Brady Park.
; On this day we should feel hum-]
j ble in memory of those who j Salute to the dead and Taps were to
j . have died so that our country j be presented at each of the services
| may live.—Eddie O'Brien » on call. Salutes were to be fired by
-I ....j. j Company "A" and Taps were to be played
by Private Walter Hill.
BiiTTiXIOK REVIEW ***********
' _ COMPANY "B" HAS A DANCE
A Battalicn"r o vicw wiITTio-— • - ————-——
ducted for visiting Rctarians at The dance sponsored by Company
5»15 Monday afternoon. Included in last Saturday night was without doubt one
the reviewers will be Lt. Col. Nels of the finest enlisted men's dances to
L. Scdcrhelm, Commanding Officer cf take place on the Post in some time,
tr.o Fort, ' nd tho following Rctariansj
C. Miller, internati- no. 1 director, The jam and jive arrangements played
C. Smith, district governor, R° Vornor by Reynold's Orchestra, combined with the
conference banquet speaker; C. Bco.mcr, fine turnout from the Soo provided the
district governor elect; E. Wionckc, utmost in relaxation for the Lock-weary
local club president; K. MacD nald, guards.
c-nfcrcncc chairman; R. E: llingswo rth, MISS S-2 ARRIVES
conference program cht.irman. Born to Lt. Col. and Mrs. J.V. Hough-
taling, a daughter weighing seven pounds
and three and one-quarter ounces at 9:02
Thursday morning. Congratulations.
Read tho Sports Page for e rr
plctc ball schedules.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No.V
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the JLork
Projects Administration in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Lamed, State Administrator
St. Ignace.
From Fort Brady, south on US-2, 52 miles. Population, 2109, 70
percent said to be descended from French traders and courier-de-bois
who first opened the region to commerce.
This point was probably first seen by white men when Nicolet viewed
it in 1634 while exploring for the passage to Asia. The town was founded
by Father Marquette in 1671 when he built the first Jesuit Mission. At
about that time a fort was constructed, to be followed by the first Fort
Michilimackinac which is thought to have been built about 1680. After
Cadillac moved the Northwest administrative headquarters to Detroit, the
Jesuits, in 1706 burned the town, including the mission in which Marquettete
body was buried. A new church was not built here until 1834*
Modern commerce arrived with railroad car-ferry service in 1881, when
lumber and charcoal iron became the chief products, only to dwindle after
1900 with the disappearance of timber. Today the town subsists on the
fishing, shipping and tourist industries.
The town's State street, which curves two miles along the bay, has
many points of interest. In Marquette Park is a simple monument to Father
Marquette, whose body was brought here by Indian followers from the grave
No. V
2
near what is now Ludington to be interred under the Mission after the
burning of the village the looation of the grave was not known for over
170 years, when methodical search discovered the body in its birch-bark
coffin. Some of the bones were sent to Marquette Univerity; the rest
remain here under the monument to one of the great men of Michigan history.
Opposite Marquette Park is the modern replica of an Indian village. The
villagers, Indians of mixed Ottawa and Chippewa blood, carry on the life
and practice the arts and crafts of their forefathers.
At the rear of the Homestead Cafe is the lookout known as St. Anthony's
rock, which affords a good view of the harbor and surrounding country. Below,
in the immediate foreground will be seen the docks of commercial fishermen.
Charters for deep-sea fishing for Mackinaw trout may be arranged here.
Castle Rock and lookout is 3i miles north of town on US-2. Further
along is Rabbit's Back peak, which commands another panorama. Between
these two is the restored Fort Algonquin, the original was built about 1670.
It houses an excellent collection of Indian and pioneer relics.
The fifty-three acre Straits Park, three-fourths of a mile south of
St. Ignace, offers a first-rate bathing beach and tourist accommodations.
Point La Barbe, the spit extending into Lake Michigan near the park, derived
its name from the practice of voyageurs stopping here to shave before approach¬
ing the annual rendezvous of fur brigades at Mackinac Island.
Within walking distance of the park are many points of interest. Ask
the attendant for directions to The Devil's Chair, Echo Cleft, Kingfisher
Rock, Porcupine Cave, Hiawatha's Thumb, Smoke Cave and Gib-wa-ween Lookout.
US-2 forms a loop into St. Ignace from the north before leading northwest
along Lake Michigan. This permits an optional return route to Fort Brady.
No. V
3
By going 28 miles and turning right (north) one reaches M-48 which leads
north and east back to Rudyard where US-2 is rejoined.
West of St. Ignace, St. Helena island lies offshore. You pass the
village of Grosoap. past Brevort lake where fishing is good, through the
town of Brevort and in sight of the old fishing village of Epoufette. Along
this lake shore are many fine bathing beaches with plenty of brush cover
for impromptu bath houses.
Take time out after passing Trout Lake on M-48 to climb the Department
of Conservation fire tower. The officer will be glad to point out interest¬
ing features of the surrounding terrain and explain the working of the
department's fire-fighting system. Another tower is further on between
Kinross and Dafter. Don't climb the towers with the expectation of getting
into the cab, unless you see the flag which the officer flies to denote his
presence.
The return loop from St. Ignace is 92 miles, making the whole tour
144 miles.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. VI
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the J?ork
Projects Administration fh the State of Michigan
Abner E, Lamed, State Administrator
Mackinac Island.
Mackinac Island called Michii-li Mack-i-nac, the great turtle, by the
Indians, is reached by ferry from St. Ignace (52 miles from Fort Brady
over US-2). Boat service is hourly during the summer months; fare, #1.00
round trip. No autos allowed on the island.
The 2,000 acre island is owned by the State of Michigan, certain
parts leased for commercial or residential purposes, and is under the
supervision of the Mackinac Island Park Commission. No camping allowed.
One of the early white strongholds on the Great Lakes, the original
Fort Mackinac was built by the British in 1780. Although within the
territory given up by the British following the Revolutionary War, the
fort was not turned over to the Americans until 1796. Taken by the
British in 1812 before the garrison had,been informed of the war, American
forces were defeated in 1814 in an attempt at recapture. It has been
under the American flag since 1815. One of the buildings contains an
interesting museum."
Fort Holmes was built by the British on a higher elevation in 1812.
Few visitors come to the island without viewing these historic points. Few
leave in less than a whole day.
Ho. VI
2
Marquette Park, below the fort, oontalne a bronze statue of Father
Marquette, first white man to do more than exploit the native Indian.
Opposite Marquette Park on the shore is the modern Coast Guard Station
built in 1915. St. Anne's Church, built in 1874, is on the site of the
original parish church constructed in 1695 from hewn logs. The Old Mission
Church was built in 1829 and the Old Mission Indian School, now a hotel, in
1825.
A feature, linked to the past, is on the streets of the village, where
horse-drawn vehicles are lined up for conducted tours. The cabbies clamor
for trade as each incoming ferry brings a new crowd. Tours cost from $1.50
to $2.00
Horse transportation, however, is not absolutely necessary. Much can
be seen on foot or by bicycle. See the John Jacob Astor House, built in
1809, when $3,000,000 worth of furs was shipped from Mackinac. This structure
was headquarters for John Jacob Astor's American Fur Company, which dominated
fur trade as far west as the Rocky Mountains. See the monument to Dr. Beaumont,
the fort surgeon, who conducted over 200 experiments on a man who had had part
of his side shot away, exposing the stomach. Here, in the fort hospital, was
discovered the processes of human digestion. See Skull Cave, in which one of
the survivors of the Fort Michilimackinac massacre hid among the bones of
former Indian captives until rescued by Chief Wawatam. Nearby are the old
Fort cemetery, Lookout Point and the eminence of Sugar Loaf,
Taking the east shore road from the village, below the sheer bluff of
Peshtigo point may be seen in the clear waters the rotting hulk of a vessel
wrecked in 1880. See Robinson's Folly, the Giant's Stairway, the rocky Fairy
Arch, the Fairy Kitchen. Try your voice at Echo Grotto, drink from Dwightwood
No. 71
3
Spring or Alouette Cascade, where pure water flows from the limestone which
forms the island. See Gitchi Manitou, sacred to Indian tradition; Arch
Rock, Nicolet Watchtower, Baby Manitou, Hennepin Point, the Fonti Spring,
Carver Pond, Eagle Point Cave and Scott's Cave.
Leaving the village by the west shore road one may visit Pontiac's
Lookout, the Devil's Kitchen, Wishing Spring, Lover's Leap and Nouvel Spring.
Further on is Chimney Rock, Darlon Spring, Brown's Brook and the Spring Garden.
Near the northeast tip of the island is the British Landing used in 1812 in
capturing the fort and again in 1814 in an attempt by Americans to retake it.
The interior of the island is interlaced with dustless roads, many foot¬
paths and trails. Get the "Guide to Mackinac Island" by Florence B. Fuller.
This gives you complete information of todayis features as well as history
and Indian legend.
WHERlJ TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. VII
Compiled by workers of the liters' ProgramLdf the Work
Projects Administration ^fn the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Whitefish Point.
Whitefish Point, thirty-three miles northwest of the Soo by air,
forty miles by water and 79 by state highway and good gravel roads,
provides an interesting and unusual tour from Fort Brady not only be¬
cause of its importance as a landfall for Lake Superior steamer traffic
but because of its scenic interest.
During times of storm, when Lake Superior rages from one end to
the other, as many as two dozen freighters have anchored behind the
shelter of this point, on which is located an elaborately equipped
Coast Guard station, complete with radio beacon.
Also during times of storm the point itself has been known to
give way before the onslaught of waves. Since 1859, when the Coast
Guard was first established, more than 1200 feet of the point have
been washed away b> storms and swift currents, 100 feet of shoreline
having been added during this same time. Buildings have even been
engulfed. The elaborate breakwaters erected there by United States
engineers have been undermined, making necessary new construction.
But the Coast Guard and the engineers continue the fight, one of
them building and the other watching the traffic, so the point pro¬
vides an interesting terminus to a drive over interesting roads
- 2 -
through country which, along the shore of the bay, is practically
uninhabited.
The trip begins on US-2, swinging west (right) on M-28 two miles
south of the Soo and continuing through Brimley. 18 miles, the
location of Brimley State Park, 38 acres with 850 feet of excellent
bathing beach.
Raco, a ghost sawmill town, is reached at 25 miles. Rexford, a
former railroad station, is 30 miles out. Strong1s. another settle¬
ment left in the wake of logging, lies just to the north 38 miles out.
At the junction A0 miles from the Soo turn north (right) on M-123,
passing through Eckerman. another sawmill town, at 4-2 miles. The
improved road continues for an additional 8 miles, after which one may
continue on the graded dirt road. The trip from here parallels a
practically deserted sandy beach sufficiently screened from the road
so it may be used for bathing purposes even if one has forgotten his
bathing suit.
The route now passes through three former sawmill towns. Emerson.
54• miles, is the location of a small hotel popular with fishermen and
deer hunters. Two miles beyond is a dirt road leading west (left)
over which one may drive 6 miles to a view of the lower Tahquamenon
Falls, a scenic spot which will be described in the next tour. Paradise,
merely a crossroads now, is at 59 miles. Shelldrake. 64. miles, merits
a pause because it marks the site of one of the largest sawmills on
the Lake Superior shore.
- 3 -
Begun in the 1880's by the Bartlett Lumber Company, this village
once had a population of more than 1,000 persons and rows of houses,
all plastered and equipped with hot and cold running water, steam heat
and bath rooms. The heat was supplied by the sawdust burner, still
standing. A hospital was operated, also a school, and the cold storage
plant was capable of storing a winter's supplies. The mill burned in
1917 and the buildings that now remain are in the care of a superinten¬
dent, who operates a small hotel and acts as guide to fishermen
interested in trying the good trout waters of the nearby streams. The
place is known as the Shelldrake Hunting and Fishing Club now, after
a group of business men attempted to buy the property and convert it
into a private project. Quarters may be secured here at moderate
cost and both hunting and fishing are of first quality.
Continuing once more along a sandy beach that is practically
deserted all the way, Whitefish postoffice, a store and postoffice,
is passed just before reaching Whitefish Point, 79 miles from the Soo.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. VIII
Compiled b:r workers of the Writers' Program of the WdS^
Projects Administration fh the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
UPPER TAHQUAMENQN FALLS
The Upper Tahquamenon Falls, second largest east of the
Mountains, is reached from the Soo by driving west on M-28
to the well-marked junction of a gravelled road where you turn right
(north) 2.5 miles to Soo Junction. Here you leave your car for the
5-mile ride on the "Toonerville Trolley" which takes excursionists
to Hunters Landing where the■ transfer to large boats for the two-and-
*
a-quarter-hour trip to a point three-quarters of a mile above the
falls. The conducted tour, which costs $2.00 plus lunch in the
floating cafeteria, leaves Soo Junction at and 12j/j/H P.if.
during July and August and at lO^flty A.M. only during June and September,
returning to the starting point at or 8 flUk ^ M'.
The trolley ride, made in open*sided cars, follows a narrow-g^ge
grade through wild swamps to the river made famous in Longfellow's
Hiawatha.
The river winds through a tangled wilderness. Due to the unspoiled
nature of the area, much wild game is seen. Ditr, bear, many smaller
animals are often observed. Here is where Hiawatha built his birch-
- 2 -
bark canoe, where he fished and hunted; the watery grave of Hiawatha's
friend, Kwasind, will be pointed out, where he was beaten in his river
fight with the otters.
Three-quarters of a mile above the Upper Falls, tourists disembark
for the trail which leads to the brink of the falls. Here the waters
leap from a curving 4.00-foot lip for the 50-foot drop to the gorge
below. The lower level offers a magnificent view.
This area is one of the unspoiled beauty spots of the state. It
is controlled by the Department of Conservation and its thousands of
acres will be preserved in primitive beauty for all time.
From the Upper Fa^ls, a trail leads through virgin hardwood timber
to the Lower Falls, miles distant. Here the river takes its final
plunge in a series of three cascades. This point may also be reached
by road as described in Tour 7 and boats are available on the north
bank at a small fee for the crossing. The hike between the two falls
is decidely worth while for the nature lover, the student of botany or
geology or anyone interested in seeing Michigan as it was before the
white man exploited its timber resources.
The region north of the falls is mostly incorporated in the Lake
Superior State Forest and is one of the great blueberry producing
sections of the continent. In good crop years, and during late summer,
hundreds of pickers' camps are pitched along the streams and on the
shores of the several isolated lakes^and tons of the fruit are trucked
to market.
- 3 -
Returning by the Toonerville Trolley to Soo Junction, the Traveller
may take his car again for the trip back to Fort Brady or proceed into
Newberry, 17 miles to the west and north over M-28 and M-48, where the
night may be spent comfortably in tourist cabin or hotel. Here is a
modern lumber mill and chemical plant which converts the hardwood tim¬
ber of the Tahquamenon valley into commercial products. Arrangements
may be made to visit the camps where trees are felled, cut into logs
and loaded for the trip to the mills.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. IX
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the^FOfE
Projects Administration the State of Michigan-
Abner E# Lamed, State Administrator
Deer Park
Deer Park, situated in the Lake Superior State Forest on the shores of
Lake Superior west of Whitefish Point and north of the city of Newberry, is
reached from Fort Brady by driving west on M—28 and M-4.8 to Newberry; then
north U miles to County-4-07 which turns left (west) and then right (north)
to the termination on the narrow spit of land which separates Muskallonge
Lake from Lake Superior, a little less than 30 miles from Newberry.
Here is excellent fishing for perch, walleyes, northern pike, bass,
bluegills and an occasional muskellunge, with boats available at reasonable
rates.
Look over the U.S. Coast Guard station and talk to the man who guards
one of the most dangerous stretches of shore line on the Great Lakes.
The State Department of Conservation maintains two camp grounds at this
point, one, the Lake Superior, an area of two acres on the shore of the big
lake with good bathing if you can stand cold water, and the other of eighteen
acres on Muskallonge where the water is warmer. The administrative headquarters
of this 114.,429-acre State Forest is located about four miles to the south of
Deer Park on County-4.07. Stop there and talk to the men who are making Michigan
the playground of the Nation by intelligently protecting its wild-life and
Tour H
2
forest growth. Climb the observation tower which is about five miles from
the headquarters office on a height of land from which you can view much of
the surrounding country. Ask the tower officer to show you how a fire is
spotted and equipment rushed to the scene with such speed and used with such
efficiency that in 194.0, only l/lOth of one percent of the area guarded was
burned over in spite of the carelessness of the public in observing the rules
of fire prevention.
North of the Two Hearted river on the way to Deer Park is the site of
the Conservation Department's first treatment of blueberry areas by fire.
After years of experiment, the Department has embarked on the practice of
pruning the bushes by fire every few years. The burning is done under strict
control and when many conditions of temperature and humidity are precisely
right. The Upper Peninsula's annual blueberry crop gives employment to
thousands and is an important economic item. The fire-treated sections are
identified by signs.
Conservation Officers are sources of information on fishing. While their
job is to enforce fishing laws, they try to see that the man who wants fish
may have his chance. The Big Two Hearted River, which flows through this
Forest is famous.
Trout creek, which flows into Muskallonge lake, is a good trout stream,
Dawson creek, which parallels the highway from Newberry to join the Two Hearted
about five miles south of Deer Park, is also listed as good. You might try the
east branch of the Two Hearted, the headwaters of which can be reached from
Cuunty-420.
Details of exact distances and routes to the right points on these
streams are best gotten from those on the ground who know the conditions
Tour IX
3
prevailing at the time of your visit. You will find this information at many
points.
Many fine stretches of water in these rivers make interesting canoe trips
but boats are not available at all points of embarkation. Inquiry will give
you the right steer and you may be able to enjoy, not only some wonderful
canoeing, but some good fishing along with it. Arrangements may be made at
some places for furnishing the canoe and tackle as well as picking up your
party after the day's fishing is over.
_WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. I
Compiled by workers of the firiters' Program of the ]|ork
Projects Administration Tn the State of^Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Dollarville
Dollarville. once prosperous lumber town, is located on M-28A, two
miles west of Newberry and 71 miles from Fort Brady, Take M-28 west from
the Soo to its junction with M-4.8, then turn left (west) in Newberry to
this old village on the banks of the Tahquamenon river, where Robert Dollar,
founder of the Dollar Steamship Lines and the inspiration for the Peter B,
Kyne "Cappy Ricks" stories, built his first sawmill about 1881. The founda¬
tions of the mill, which operated until 1904-, may still be seen as well as
the piling in the river which made up part of the log booms, and the dam in
the river. Dollarville once rivalled Newberry in population and activity,
vanishing only after the cutting of the pine timber on the Tahquamenon tribu¬
taries in the vicinity. Still good fishing here.
Returning to M-28 by following M-28A to the west and south, you may now
take M-28 west and north to the village of McMillan, centre of a great fishing
and hunting area. Within a short distance to the north are the headwaters of
the Tahquamenon river with many miles of good trout water and the Tahquamenon
lakes with their bass, pike and perch fishing. Boats and guides, also many
good camping sites and cabins are available here.
McMillan was first settled with the coming of the railroad in 1881,
when it became the supply depot for the surrounding logging territory. Not
Tour X
2
only was this a pine logging town, but it later had its hardwood mills and
a large stave and heading mill for the manufacture of barrels. For many
years, too, it had its charcoal kilns, where the hardwood was converted into
charcoal for the making of charcoal iron. Two miles west of the town the
steel shell of one of these old kilns may still be seen, remnant of an old
process which made no use of the gaases from the burning. The modern process,
practiced in the chemical plants of Newberry, convert this by-product into
wood alcohol and acetate of lime, much used in present-day chemical, manufacture,
McMillan is now the northern terminus of M-98 which passes Helmer.
Germfask and Blaney Park where it connects with TJS-2, Driving south on M-98,
you pass North Manistique lake on your right before reaching the junction of
M-135 which leads you to the left (south) one mile to the village of Helmer.
near the northeast tip of Manistique lake, reputedly one of the best walleye
pike lakes in the state. These two lakes are highly developed with accommoda¬
tions for tourists such as overnight cabins, rooms, boats, tackle and guides.
The County Park on North Manistique lake offers good bathing. Five miles
south of Helmer is the village of Curtis near South Manistique lake, shown
on some maps as Whitefish lake. This lake also has much resort development
with excellent fishing and bathing and good overnight accommodations.
Two miles west of the junction of M-98 and M-135 is a county road lead¬
ing south to the north shore of Manistique lake where, at Manakiki Lodge,
may be seen a stand of hardwood timber which has never been touched by an axe.
The three Manistique lakes f@rm the headwaters of the Manistique river
which flows west and south and reaches Lake Michigan at Manistique, This
is a splendid trout stream. From a central point at Helmer. Curtis or from
Germfask. at the junction of M-98 and M-77, you can make side trips to the
best of the trout waters. Ask at any of the towns for directions.
Tour X
3
To the west of Germfask is the Senev Federal Migratory 7faterfowl Refuge
covering many square miles along the branches of three large creeks which
flow into Manistique river. Thousands of waterfowl nest here. Wild-life
photographers have found it an ideal place to operate. Visitors are welcome.
From Germfask the return trip to Fort Brady is 90 miles.
WHERE TO GO - VfrlAT TO DO
No. XI
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Jork
Projects Administrationthe State of Jlichigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Trout Lake /f
Trout Lake, on M-4B,yjpmiles from the Soo, is one of the old settle¬
ments of the region. It assumed importance when the Duluth, South Shore and
Atlantic and the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie railroads formed
a crossing here in 1881. While this was never a big sawmill town, it did
serve as an outfitting center for the camps which logged off the headwaters
of the Tahquamenon, the Pine and the Carp, all of which are with&a-'a short
distance. While the four saloons of the town furnished the usual rows when
the lumberjacks were in town, it is said that much of the tough reputation
of the place in the old days was really created by a publicity-minded saloon¬
keeper who, as each train entered, ran shouting through the streets firing
his gun in the air.
Before the wide use of the automobile this was an important gathering
place of deer and bird hunters who arrived by rail to disperse to the various
4
hunting camps in the vicinity. The hunters today, of whom there are more than
formerly, now go directly to and from the same camps by automobile although
many of them still outfit at Trout Lake.
Trout Lake is near the western edge of the Marquette National Forest
and only a few miles east of the Mackinac State Forest, both of which are
Tour XI
2
now showing real results in reforestation and wild game propagation#
Nine miles west and south of Trout Lake is the junction of M—117 which
leads south to Enoufette. one of the oldest fishing villages in Michigan, its
landlocked harbor having been used by the early French settlers soon after
the coming of Father Marquette to this shore on his first voyage of discovery
in 1675. This is said to have been his first stop after leaving St. Ignace
on the journey to the Mississippi. Several fish tugs operate from the
village and some of these may be induced to take the visitor for deep-sea
trolling.
Fifteen miles to the west along US-2 is the village of Naubinwav. once
a fishing village, then a lumber town and now again a fishing village. First
settled in 1882 by lumbermen who found Indian and French families occupying
the shore, the town grew to some proportion during the time of lumbering
when several large mills operated. Since the removal of the mills the town
is still spread out over three miles of shore, although numbering only 200
people. At one time a large dock here was piled high with lumber at which
as many as ten barges might be loaded at once. Now, only the small fishing
rigs use the harbor. Some refeort development has been made here with good
fishing and hunting during the summer and fall.
A short distance west of the village is the Hiawatha Sportsman's Club,
consisting of 4-0,000 acres of wooded lands, 75 miles of trout streams, eight
JO,
small lakes andniles of Lake Michigan frontage. Tourist cabins are
located on Millecquin lake in the northern part of this preserve.
Leaving US-2 at Naubinwav and taking the county road north three miles
we reach a good road on which we turn right (east) four miles to Gilcrist,
Tour XI
3
named for a timber operator who logged hare for 35 years in the pine. An
fXBBtf-acre tract of virgin pine ia still to be seen near here, accessible over
fair road. Ask about it.
Three miles east of Gilcrist. on E-*4S, we pass through Garnet, another
old lumber mill town, ancy three miles further to the east the town of Rexton
I
which flourished between 1879 and 1912, This is now a shipping point for
pulp wood. Continue on M-^8 through Trout Lake to Camp Brady,
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
Ho. XII
Compiled.by workers of the Writers' Program of the fork
Projects Administratiorr in the State of ffliehigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Blaney Park.
Blaney Park, 93 miles from Fort Brady, at the intersection of US-2
and M-77, contains 33,000 acres of private development. Owned by the
Wisconsin T-»wri and Lumber Company, which has been in continuous opera¬
tion since 1886, this is primarily a lumbering project featuring the
practice of selective cutting of the hardwood timber, the reforestation
of cut-over lands, game and bird conservation and the modem use of
recreational facilities. Arrangements may be made at the headquarters
office at Blaney Park for visiting the latest development in logging
practice under the partial-cut system at Simmons Woods, an 8,000 acre
tract owned by the company 10 miles south of Gould City. The more con¬
ventional vacation pursuits may also be enjoyed in this timber land adap¬
tation of the western dude ranch.
The "cropping" system of timber cutting practiced may be explained
as a thjnning process. Only those trees which have reached maturity
are felled; the smaller ones are left to make the succeeding crop when
they, in turn, have reached full maturity. Lessening of the competition
for soil food and light by the first cutting hastens the growth of the
second crop. Michigan's fire control methods (there are three Department
of Conservation fire towers in the surrounding area as well as five
2
operated by the Wisconsin Land and Lumber Company), now conceded to be
the most efficient in the nation, hare been of much benefit in the suc¬
cess of this conservation experiment. The visitor will do well to climb
one of these towers and get the full working detail of what is considered
a model operation in timber management from one of the officers,
Blaney Park has other outstanding examples of conservation. Here
may be seen the development of private wild-life management. A large
deer herd is in common evidence, leisurely strolling the golf course
or the many trails that wind through the property. See the several colonies
of beaver as they ply their engineering trade at Beaver Bill's. Visit
Uncle Henry's camp at Tee Lake where migratory birds are trapped and
banded in co-operation with the Federal Fish and Wildlife Service for
the purpose of studying the ranges of birds. Make a trip to Paul Bupyan's
Camp on Lake Ann Louise, where the equipment of the old-time loggers
is assembled along with many personal relics used by the great Paul him¬
self. This is said to have been one of his stamping-grounds after the
encroachments of civilisation made life too stuffy for him on the Au
Sable and Tittabawasse of the Lower Peninsula. Here, if you are fortu¬
nate, you may still hear the dying echoes of the thunderous bawling of
Babe, the Blue Ox, Paul Bunyan's inseperable companion, fifteen axe-handles
(4-5 feet) between the eyes.
The vicinity of Blaney Park has fine trout streams and bass lakes.
These are not hard to find within short walking distance from good roads.
Ask any Conservation Officer. During the fall hunting season, you will
find partridge, rabbits, bear, deer and other game animals in this area.
Rates for hunting on the Blaney Park lands are reasonable or you may
3
get your bag on State land.
Later in the year, after snow begins to fly, you will want to come
here for the winter sports which are becoming more popular in the Fort
Brady country each succeeding season, Blaney Park now has its tractor-
drawn snow train, snow-shoeing, skiing, and other rigorous outdoor sports,
including fish spearing through the ice.
The return trip to Fort Brady may be made by way of M-77, 11-98,
M-28 and US-2, with a total mileage for the day of approximately 200
miles.
WHERE TO GO - WNlAT TO DO
No.XIII
Compiled by worker* of the Writers• Program of the Work
Projects Administration fn the State of J/iichigan
Abner E. Lamed, State Administrator
Gulliver#
Gulliver, on US-2, 110 miles from Fort Brady, offers some excellent
recreational features as well as points of interest for the sightseer#
Take M-28 west from the Soo past Newberry, then M-98 to Germfask, M-77
south through Blaney Park to the intersection of US-2# Gulliver is 9
miles south and west of this junction on US-2#
This town was formerly a station development on the line of the Soo
railroad, where a trading settlement was established during the lumber
era, 1884 to 1896. There is still some activity in pulpwood from the
surrounding swamps#
A disastrous forest fire occurred here during the dry summer of
1936, when many square miles of land were burned over in spite of the
•fficiency of modern fire fighting methods# Although new growth is rapidly
taking the place of the old, it will be many years before the damage
will be repaired by Nature.
One mile from the village is Gulliver lake, considered one of the
gems of Upper Peninsula waters. The fishing is outstanding and there is
some resort development where boats and bait may be secured# Swimming is
also good#
One mile past Gulliver lake a side roads turns east to McDonald Tak*5*
where more good gishing and swimming is available. Two miles further along
tkis road you cross Bulldog creek, good for trout if you like brush fish¬
ing. The outlet to McDonald lake which parallels the highway is also good,
as is the small river which flows from Milakokia lake into Lake Michigan at
Fort Inland, at the shore end of this road*
Before entering Port Inland you cross the tracks of an electrified
railroad which hauls lime rock from the quarry south to the crushers and
loading docks of Port Inland* This project was finished in 1930 by the
Inland Lime and Stone Company, a subsidiary of the Inland Steel Company.
The operation includes besides the quarry and the railroad an elaborate
system of crushing and re-crushing, grading through five separate screens,
all linked together by an intricate series of belt conveyors, as well as a
huge dock where the lake steamers are loaded for the trip to the steel mills*
All shipment are weighed as they move to the boats by an ingenious electric
scale which records the weight of the crushed stone as it moves swiftly to
the dock on the conveyor belts* The rock is used in the processing of iron
ore, forming a flux with the impurities of the ore* The limestone, an al¬
most pure calcium carbonate, is thus a highly valuable link in the nhwtn of
defense manufacture * Production of this plant is well over three million
tons per year*
Prom this point you may see twenty miles to the southwast a group of
islands known as the Beavers* During the years from 184-6 to 1856 they were
the headquarters of a Mormon colony ruled so despotically by James Jesse
Strang, who made himself king, that he was eventually assassinated by two
of his disgruntled subjects* During his reign King Strang succeeded in so
dominating the country that he rearranged its political organization, caus¬
ing the merger of Charlewoix and Emmet Counties into one unit with the county
- 3 -
seat on Beaver island* Under his orders orews of his subjects carried on
many piratical forays along the mainland, seizing cattle and lumber and any
other material of value* Onoe he was arrewted and brought to trial in
Detroit, but his personal eloquenoe, based on the claim that he and his
colony were being persecuted, won him his freedom* His eventual assassina¬
tion occurred while the United States revenue cutter "Michigan" lay in the
harbor, having come to insure justice at a trial of the two men* After
fatally injured King Strang, they fled to the cutter for safety, were taken
to Fort Mackinac the same day — and walked out of the unlocked jail to
join in the celebration that immediately took place, never to return fer
trial* The colony broke up shortly after Strang*s death, an excellent
example of the way dictatorship fares in an America that believes in
freedom and justice for all*
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. m
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the J[ork
Projects Administration lh the State of Michigan
Abner E. Lamed, State Administrator
Manistique.
Manistique, on US-2, 122 miles southwest of Fort Brady, has a popu¬
lation of 5399 and is the county seat of Schoolcraft county. From the Soo,
take M-23, M-9S, M-77 and US-2. Or take US-2 to Rudyard, M-48 to Garnet and
the old US-2 from there through Gilcrist and Engadine to new US-2; about
the same distance either way.
Manistique is the northern terminus of one of the routes of the ferries
of the Ann Arbor Railroad which leaves Frankfort in the Lower Peninsula on
regularly scheduled trips carrying railroad freight, automobiles and
passengers, connecting with Upper Peninsula railroads here and at other
points further north.
Manistique is on the shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the
Manistique river which formerly brought much pine from the lands to the north
and west. Note as you cross the bridge over this river that the surface of
the water is higher than the floor of the bridge. This condition was brought
about when the Manistique Pulp and Paper company, one of the cities principle
industries, found that water storage requirements of their mill required a
higher level in the reservoir. Raising the level of the bridge was im¬
practical, so the waterproof trough was constructed.
This pulp and paper mill has been in operation since 1920, taking its
raw materials, spruce and balsam pulpwood, from the swamps of the region.
This, with the Manistique Lime and Stone company, a planing mill and the
earferry docks are on the west side of the river while the residential
and business parts ef the city are on the east,
KITCH—ITI-KIP—PI, the Big Spring, is undoubtedly one of the out¬
standing phenomena of the Upper Peninsula. It is 17 miles west and north
of the city by well narked road, past Indian Lake State Park at the south
side of Indian Lake, The spring itself is 300 feet long, 175 feet wide and
40 feet deep. While the amount of flow has never been measured, its size
may be estimated by the overflow which makes a stream six feet wide and two
feet deep. All of the water comes from the boiling springs in the bottom
ef the hole. In spite of its great depth, a penny dropped into the clear
water may be watched until it reaches the bottom* The water is so cold
that in summer it feels like ice water; in winter, however, it never freezes,
although a handerchief dipped in the water on a zero day will come out steam¬
ing, only to freeze solid in an instant.
This spring is inside the boundaries of the Palm Book State Park which
is under the administration of the Department of Conservation. A large,
railed raft is kept in operation here for the convenience of the numerous
visitors. Operated by cables, the raft passes over the centre of the spring
giving a view through wells of the action of the waters below. The pre-
eipituous sides of the depression are lined with streamers of water moss
which wave in the upward currents and never maintain the same picture for
more than a few seconds. Camera enthusiasts have found that by darkening
the well good movie pictures of the movements below may be recorded.
Geologists have tried to trace the source of the water supply which
feeds this spring. It is thought, that it is the outlet of an underground
rock cavern possibly reaching as far back as the floor of Lake Superior,
fifty ailes to the northward. The beauty of this natural phenomenon brings
back many visitors year after year*
While there are no accommodations for tourists or campers in the
Palms Book State Park, there are ample facilities in the 279-acre Indian
Lake State Park six miles to the south, where fishing and bathing may be
enjoyed. This is the gateway to the Hiawatha National Forest, a wealth
of diversified vacation attraction, including deer, bear and small game
bunting, trout and lake fishing, nature study and photography*
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XV
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the 5ork
Projects Administration"in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Earned, State Administrator
lfani atique
Manistique, on US-2, 122 miles from Fort Brady, will be the scene
July 25, 26, 27 of the colorful Blueberry Festival, this year to be
reigned over by Miss Ruth Peterson, Manistique stenographer, as queen.
This celebration, for many years an annual affair, has its well-planned
program of interesting pageants, contests and amusement, not to mention
blueberry pies, blueberry tarts, blueberry pancakes, blueberry preserves
and blueberries and cream. Visitors will enjoy the hospitable hilarity.
Many points of interest are to be found in and around Manistique,
$
all of which the visitor will not be able to see in one day. For those
who have not seen the workings of a paper mill, a tour through the
plant of the Manistique Pulp and Paper company which converts the raw
pulp-wood into paper is recommended. Owners of the Minneapolis Tribune
were responsible for the erection of this plant and the building of the
enormous water-storage reservior through which the highway passes. The
plant was put in operation in 1920, drawing since then on the quick-
growing spruces and balsams of the surrounding swamps for raw materials.
No. XV
-2-
Up the river from the Paper Company reservoir is another dam built
in 1860 by the engineer vho constructed the first lock at the Soo. The
banks of the river at this point have since then been the site of saw¬
mills which cut the pine. Since the exhaustion of the timber adjacent
to the river, much more has been brought in by the railroad constructed
to tap the hardwood and other stands to the north and west. Some
lumber sawing may still be seen, although the present produstion does
not approach the ninety-million board feet at the peak of cut. The
Brown Lumber company today is producing hardwood flooring and small
dimension cuts.
On the west side of the river near the north edge of town may be
seen the remains of what was once a lar0e iron furnace and chemical
plant. The old lime kilns, long in disuse, still stand. The buildings
once owned by a tanning company which made use of the hemlock bark from
the forests are now used by the State Highway Department.
Visit the Thomas B. Wyman nursery on the east edge of the city,
where seedlings are grown by the National Forest service for the purpose
of replanting the Hiawatha National Forest. This vast tract of nearly
1,500 square miles lies to the north and west of Uanistique.
Six miles south of Manistique on US—2 is a large state fish hatchery
operated by the State Department of Conservation. This hatchery makes
use of a series of cold springs which boil up out of the lime rock un¬
derlying the area. The attendants will be glad to give any information
about the production and workings of this important factor in state
No. Xf
-3-
conservation. Thousands of small fry and many of the parent fish may
be seen here vhere they are fed dally on well-balanced diets worked out
by experts In fish culture.
Before leaving Itanlstique the visitor should make a survey of the
harbor facilities. The breakwater which protects the docks was built
by Aray engineers in 1915, replacing one which had been constructed of
piles and slabs in the early days of lumber shipments. A flashing bea¬
con was installed in 1914 and the present lighthouse in 1920. These are
important aids to the operation of the Ann Arbor Railway car ferries
which ply between here and Frankfort in the lower Peninsula. The harbor
is home port for several fishing rigs which set their nets in the deep
waters of Lake Michigan. A trip on one of these craft would be well
worth while. It might also be possible to arrange a deep-sea trolling
expedition after the big Mackinaw trout.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No, XVI
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the |fork
Projects Administration"in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
CUSINO GAME REFUGE, near Seney, on M-28, 98 miles west of Fort
Brady, is worth a day's visit.
This project, administered by the State Department of Con¬
servation, may be entered over various trails, all suitable for
automobile driving. The safest procedure is to ask about routes
at the Department's Forest Fire station at Seney. The area it¬
self extends over nearly half a million acres, but the refuge,
which is a part of it, is about one-tenth that size.
An area headquarters with a- superintendent in charge has been
established not far from Camp Cusino, the CCC centre from which
much development work has been directed recently. At Camp Cusino,
also, the visitor may see moose in captivity and be informed of
the elaborate experiment in the feeding of big game animals which
is conducted there. For five years moose and deer have been fed
various items of browse, their preferences determined, the amount
necessary to sustain life computed and the weights and condition
of the big animals recorded. Good trout streams drain the area
while its many lakes yield, besides trout in some instances,
pike and bass.
Tour #17
2.
Further north a logging operation is now in progress while the
more venturesome may explore Beaver Basin on the shore of Lake
Superior if they so desire. This Basin, a depression eight miles
long and up to three miles in width, was until last autumn one of
Michigan's most remote and wholly unspoiled areas. A road now
makes it accessible to automobile traffic, however, and logging in
progress. Be sure to ask at Seney, Camp Cusino or Area Headquarters
for explicit information on roads, however, as it's a. long way to
anywhere if you make a mistake I
Four state fire towers command this district. One is at Seney;
another near Walsh, 11 miles to the west on M-28; with two others
further north.
Seney, with a population of 150, was once a thriving and much
publicized town. In the 1880's when it was the central point for
lumber camps along the Fox river, its reputation for gambling,
fighting, drinking and prostitution brought an investigating com¬
mittee of big-city newspaper writers, among them one of the few
women reporters of the day. The men of the expedition were allowed
to investigate local conditions. Local characters, however, thought
that chivalry demanded better treatment for the lone woman. She
was given a "scoop" which brought still more notoriety to the town.
With great secrecy, so that her rival reporters would not steal the
story, she was given evidence for her story. Seney, she wrote, was
all that had been claimed for it and more. Strangers were shanghaied
on the wild frontier, they were brought by force into the camp where
they were held in peonage and tracked by dogs when they attempted
Tour #17
3.
escape. Forced to work long hours in the forests by day, they were
herded into the "Ram's Pasture" by night, a stockade unfit even for
dumb animals. The place was so overcrowded that they were forced
to sleep in shifts, escape presented not only by the chains which
they wore both day and night but also by armed guards.
The story was given such wide publicity (which it deserved as
a masterpiece of invention) that it was only with the acknowledgment
that it was a hoax that a Congressional committee was saved the
journey from Washington. The local pranksters had wanted to oblige
the gullible woman by showing her what she wanted to find. The
"fierce dogs" were mastiffs raised by a local fancier. The "Ram's
Pasture" was a part of a local hotel where lumberjacks were per¬
mitted to sleep in eight-hour shifts when all other accomodations
were exhausted on arrival of the spring drives. True, there were
armed guards, to prevent theft of personal belongings and to herd
each shift away when its time was up. Congress was finally convinced
but the general public never quite believed in the white-wash.
Those who knew the boyishly irresponsible lumberjack, his vivid
imagination and his love for playing practical jokes, could, however,
understand.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No- ay ii
Compiled by workers of the Jritars' Program of the J[ork
Projects. AdminlstratioiT in the State of Jiichigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Grand Marais
Grand llarais is situated on a natural harbor on Lake Superior about
midway between Whitefish Point and Munising. Take lt-28 west from the Soo
90 miles to Seney, turn north on M-77 25 miles. Pause as you reach the
top of the hill on entering the town for a view of the bay ancf Lake Su¬
perior. The town has 500 population with adequate tourist accomodations.
Grand Marais has a School of Arts and Crafts where many of the old
hand-wrought ornaments and utensils of the Indian are now made under
expert instruction, woodcraft, camping and guiding are also taught. Con¬
ducted tours with students, instructors and visitors are made to the many
points of interest in the vicinity*^During the last week in July and
the first two weeks in August its own pageants based on two Indian legends,
"The Passing of the Gread Sand Dune Gitche Naygo" and Longfellow's
"Hiawatha" are given.
While in Grand Marais be sure to visit the modern fishing village,
home port of many fine fishing rigs. Some of these take trolling parties
to the deep waters of the big lake where the mammoth Mackinaw trout lie.
Many splendid takes have been reported.
No. XVII
-2-
Between the harbor and AuSable point to the west are the great sand
dunes, famous in Indian legend as Nagow Wudjoo. Visit Augable falls, near
the highway south of town, where the waters of Grand Sable lake tumble
down the short outlet into Lake Superior. The smaller lake provides good
fishing for bass, perch and pike and trout are in the river. Deadman's
lake to the south also has good fishing and Big Sucker creek will show you
something good in speckles, rainbows and brown trout.
Climb the fire tower just off M-77 south of Deadman's lake. This
tower stands on a high divide, with short streams flowing the ten miles
north to Lake Superior and one of the branches of the Manistique river
running southward by a meandering route to Lake Michigan, forty miles away.
To the south is the Seney National Wildforest Refuge which will be described
in another tour. Far to the west are the magnificent Pictured Rocks, also
to be described later. Southwestward is the Hiawatha National Forest, south¬
east the headwaters of the Tahquamenon river, ana northeast, the Lake Su¬
perior State Forest.
Here you are in the center of one of the great conservation developments
of the entire nation. Timber and wild life are being brought back under de¬
finitely planned and organized methods with a never-ending series of eaqperi-
ments in the search for newer and better ways.
The country over which you are looking was denuded of its pine because
of the insatiable hunger of the nation for building materials during the
period of our westward expansion. Between the Civil War and 1900, homes had
to be provided, mostly in the treeless prairie states, for 35 million new
people.
Ho.XVII
-3-
Hichigan forests were sacrificed to meet that demand. Large areas were
logged off each year. In most cases the lumbermen left plenty of seed
trees by which the areas could have been restacked, but carelessness in
the handling of fire nullified Nature1s effort to reclothe the lands.
Now it will be another hundred years before the forests can again ap¬
proach the former magnificence. And the same old fight goes on to keep
man from carelessly destroying his own heritage, even in the face of re¬
strictive laws and countless warning signs. Break your match and bury
your cigarette butt in this country during the dry season.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XVIII
Compiled by workers of the Writers1 Program of the Work
Projects AdministratioxTin the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Munising
Munising, population 4409, lies west of Fort Brady on the shore of
Lake Superior, 125 miles by way of M-28. It has good tourist accomodations
and may be made the central point for many side tours of interest.
The world famous PICTURED ROCKS may be reached by a short drive over
M-94 and County-485 leading to the Miners Castle, a promontory reaching
out into the waters of Lake Superior from which the best view from the
landward side may be obtained. The Pictured Rocks extend for more than
twenty miles along the shore, reaching in some places a sheer height of 200
feet of vari colored rock formation crowned by a magnificent growth of hard¬
wood timber. The latter, in itself, lends additional beauty after the first
frosts in the fall.
White men perhaps first trod the top of Chapel Rock in the late 1600's
when Father Marquette stood here to preach to the Indians in their canoes
below. He was one of the first of the long line of Jesuits who ministered
to the tribes and helped unfold the geography of this wild country.
While it is impossible to get the full view of the lake face of the
twenty-mile-long Pictured Rocks from the land side, there are many places
which may be seen on foot. Detailed descriptions of the trails are not pos¬
sible here, however.
No. XVIII
-2-
In the Cave of the Bloody Chief® triumphant Indian war parties
placed their prisoners after forays into enemy territory. Here, it is said,
escape was impossible. Near it is Virgin's Hock from which Indian maidens
are said to have leaped to death when their lovers failed to return from
battle. At Bridal Wreath Falls brides and grooms from uncounted time drank
of the crystal clear waters that their married lives might be happy. Near
this is Miner's Falls where the waters of a small stream cut through the
cliffs on their way from the high tableland to the waters of mighty Superior.
In this same vicinity are the nesting grounds of thousands of gulls, where
the birds may be seen constantly circling in search of food. Not far away
is the wreck of the steamer Independence, blown ashore on this rocky head¬
land many years ago. Further to the east and accessible by Gounty-4.30 is a
state fire tower from which the entire panorama of the shores and cliffs may
be had.
No visitor should come to this region without his camera. There is so
much to see and so many variations of contour and color that the average per¬
son will barely scratch the surface in a one-day tour. Pictures taken on the
spot will recall for many years the beauties. Telephoto lens and color filters
will be a great aid in getting the best for your collection.
A boat trip on one of the many craft that ply out of Munis ing will com¬
plete the picture. From the water side, one wonders how Nature manufactured
the vivid shades of greens, reds, blues, yellows and many of the intermediate
tints that paint the wave-washed rocks. One wonders, too, at the varying
shapes, especially the Battleships, chiselled by wind and storm to the form of
the prows of three great battle cruisers. The Grand Portal, mammoth wave-cut
No. XVIII
-3-
arch, gives access to a cavern with a water area of some five or six acres
often explored by adventurous parties. It is one of the many caves and
caverns of the deeply indented shore line*
General Cass, first Governor of the Michigan territory, visited this
shore in 1812 with Indian Agent Henry R. Schoolcraft. Sbhoolcraft had al¬
ready gathered together many of the Indian legends of the region. The Pic¬
tured Rocks were held in veneration by the Chippewa tribes, who believed that
the caves and caverns were the homes of the gods of thunder and lightning.
Many sacrifices of tobacco and valuables were strewn upon the waters here
to propitiate these evil gods. Legend al30 says that Hiawatha, as a boy,
explored these caves in his canoe or hunted on the tableland above.
WHERE TO: 00 - WHAT TO DO
No. m
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the J?ork
Projects Administration Tn the State of Michigan"
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
liiniaing Bay.
Munising Bay, 125 miles from Fort Brady on M-28, will provide recreation
for a weekend for the average visitor. For one who wishes to see all
the sights and investigate to the fullest, it may take much more than that.
*
Famed for its landlocked harbor, this is the home port for a large
fleet of commercial fishermen who set their nets along the many islands
which dot the bay. For those who wish to rise early to a trip with one
of these fishing crews is ^ell worth while. This is also the headquarters
for charter boats and regular excursion craft which ply the waters off
the Pictured Rocks described in our last issue. Many private pleasure
craft also make this their summer port. Accomodations for those who wish
to try their luck or skill against the giant Superior Mackinaw trout may
be arranged. This latter is coming to be one of the favorite sports of
the region. Fish of twenty-five podnd size are not uncommon.
At the new Munising $70,000 dock and yacht basin the visitor may find
the boat which ferries to Grand Island, a natural game preserve which is
open to the public. This island lying to the north of the city and pro¬
tecting the bay against Lake Superior storms, has many miles of varied
shore line. Here again appear in places the same rock formations which
make up the Pictured Roeks. There are also many large caves which are
2
interesting for explorers. Boat trips around the island may be arranged.
On the island is one of the original buildings of the American Fur
Company's trading post established over a century ago. The derrick which
was used to swing ashore packs of furs brought in canoes by the Indians,
is intact the rock in which it is based smoothed by mocassined feet.
Grand Island, because of its magnificent stand of hard maple trees,
has an important and unique industry, the making of maple syrup. If you
are lucky — the supply is limited — you may be able to get a taste of
the real thing here.
Good tourist accommodations are to be found on the island with heated
rooms or overnight cabins. Take along your fishing tackle and try some
fishing from a small boat or from one of the docks. Plan to spend a little
time in the interior of the island where most of the wild life spedies
of Michigan may be seen by the careful observer. Part of the island's
13,000 acres is given over to a private game preserve where among other
animals may be seen is a herd of elk. This is a favored stalking ground for
camera fans.
Three miles east of Munising is Tannery Falls where the Munising river
flows over the horseshoe rim of the cliff into a gorge fifty feet below.
Three miles further on is Munising Falls with its rapids between sheer
sandstone walls. A few miles to the south near the village of Wetmore is
the interesting Wagner Falls, not far from the outlet of Wetmore Lake,
Few areas of like size in the State contain so many falls as this.
The wooded hills near Munising are the favorite hunting grounds of
many visitors. During the early fall this area provides some excellent
partridge shooting. Deer are plentiful at all times and may be frequently
3
seen along roads. The open season usually gives about one hunter in each
four his buck. Camping grounds in the Hiawatha National Forest, which
extends from Lake Superior south to Lake Michigan, may be arranged for
at Manistique or by contacting a forest ranger.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XX
Compiled by workefs of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration In the State of Michigan"
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
10CK GUARD.
None should visit Munising without visiting its modern manufac¬
turing plants. Take M-28 west out of Fort Brady 125 miles.
Ninety tons per day of high grade bond and ledger paper are turned
out by the Munising Paper Company which may be visited by arrangement at
the main office. Conducted tours with experienced guides will show the
various operations in the conversion of the more than thirty different
materials into the finished product which is shipped to all parts of
the country. The mammoth piles of spruce and balsam pulpwood come from
the thick swamps of the vicinity. Huge piles of sulphur and many other
raw materials may also be seen .
The processes of Piqua-Munising Wood Products company are excellent
examples of the newest methods in wood utilization. Here are made many
small articles of everyday use, such as spoons, salad bowls, salad forks,
rolling-pins and potato mashers. Some of the modern marvels of high-speed
automatic machinery may be seen turning out these products by the thou¬
sands, with so little waste and at such small cost that, even though
they are made of high grade timber of a fast vanishing variety, the cost
is kept within the reach of the most cautious buyer.
2
The Jackson & Tindle sawmill is a plant well worth visiting. It is
one of the few remaining mills producing rough and dressed lumber on a
high production schedule from the corporation's own forests. Hardwood
lumber is now an important link in defense production and the soft-woods
are coming into wider use with the demands of defense housing. This firm
is one of the older lumber producers of the state, having formerly operated
in the Lower Peninsula where its most important items of manufacture was
at one time wood rims and wheels and steering-wheels for automobiles. This
demand has how been replaced by the use of steel and plastics, but the
company has readjusted its manufacturing processes to meet the more modern
outlets.
The Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company has a branch here manufacturing
only dressed lhmber for wholesale and retail trade. This company has
other plants in other parts of Michigan where it still carries on the
manufacture of charcoaL,iron and lumber as related products, the refuse of
the forests not usable as lumber being converted into charcoal for the
smelting of the iron ore. A plant of this kind was once operated at Munising
but has been discontinued because of the depletion of nearby forests stands.
Other points of interest to the visitor not related to manufacture
and not already mentioned in previous tours may still be found in the
vicinity of Munising.
A short distance from the city along the east shores of the bay is
the United States Coast Guard station whose officers and men are responsible
for keeping up the navigation safeguards of this district as well as
standing by to help in the event of shipping distress in bad storms or fogs.
Lake Superior is, even with the best in weather forecasting, still rather
3
unpredictable in the sudden fury of its storms. Long reaches of open
water between safe harbors makes it a treacherous lane of transportation.
This year, with every available ship in operation — and some of them
brought out of near-oblivion to meet the emergency — the traffic on the
sea-way of Lake Superior has reached density never before seen in the
history of this country. Demands for iron and copper ores and for the
grains of the great Northwest make it necessary that this important link
in our commerce be carefully guarded against the elements.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXI
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration" in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Lamed, State Administrator
Mackinaw City is reached by taking US-2 from Fort Brady to St.
Ignace, 38 miles, and crossing the Straits of Mackinac by High¬
way Department ferry to the tip of the Lower Peninsula of
Michigan. Fare $2.00 for party of four and car.
Historically this is one of the important localities of the
entire state. For many centuries before the arrival of the first
white man in the early 1600*s, Mackinaw had been a gathering
place for the Indians who had permanent villages in the vicinity.
Father Charlevoix, the Jesuit missionary, wrote to his
superiors in 1712 that it was "very advantageous for trade." It
is stated by historians that the first Fort Michilimackinac was
built here in either 1712 or 1714- by the French. Because of the
protection offered by the fort it soon brought about a large
diversion of fur trade to this point from the British Hudson's
Bay posts to the north.
The original Fort Michilimackinac, restoration of which is
now under way, consisted of a stockade enclosing two acres, thirty
houses and a Jesuit church. Taken over by the British in 1761,
after the French and Indian War, it was the scene on June 4, 1763,
of one of the most bloody Indian massacres of American history.
Tour #21
2.
Seventy of the fort's ninety-three soldiers, as well as many of
the British traders, were tortured and killed. One of the sur¬
vivors who later gave a vivid description of the disaster was
saved by Chief ffawatara whom he had befriended. Details of this
part of the great Pontiac Conspiracy to retake the Northwest
Territory may be found in most school histories.
Reconstruction of the stockade had been based on maps found
in the British Museum and in private collections and on evidence
unearthed by the excavation of the site. The restoration will be
completed in the near future. Study of the rebuilt stockade shows
the sharp contrast between what was considered adequate defense
than and what is deemed necessary today.
Many of the old relics of the early occupation of the fort
may be seen today in the Coffman drug store in Mackinaw City.
Coffman, as a boy, began digging among the ruins in the then
abandoned pasture, using a compass, a shovel and a small piece
of wire screen. Creeping over the ground he was led to the hidden
treasure by the flickering needle of the compass, thus locating
many of the old metal implements and arms beneath the surface.
In writing his "Northwest Passage", Kenneth Roberts made much
use of the research materials found in the vicinity of the fort
as well as historical materials found elsewhere. This was the
scene of the fall of Major Robert Rogers of Rogers' Rangers, so
well depicted in the book and on the screen.
After the bloody massacre of 1763 the British continued to
Tour #21
3.
hold the fort, which had not been destroyed by the Indians, until
1780 when a new one was constructed on Mackinac Island. This latter
was held by them after the Revolutionary War until the new boundaries
were established and the last British flag pulled down in 1796.
After 1780 this post was allowed to go down to decay, the location
only recently having been purchased by "the State of Michigan for a
historical park.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXII
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration^in the State of ^Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
MACKINAW CITY, at the tip of Michigan's Lower Peninsula, presents
many features of recreational interest other than the old Port
Micnilimackinac described in the last issue of the Lock Guard.
Take US-2 to St. Ignace, 38 miles, and cross by ferry- Fare, $2.00
for party of four and car.
The ferry docks and the fleet of modern vessels are operated
by tbe Michigan Highway Department. The importance of this link
of state transportation'may be noted in the size of the parking
lanes on tne docks. Ample as these may seem on an average day,
they and the five-boat fleet of ferries are taxed-to the limit dur¬
ing the open season for deer hunting.
Hunters come during that time in such large numbers that all
the boats are kept in continuous service regardless of schedule.
Near the ferry docks are those of the railroad car-ferries
which transport freight cars to and from the two peninsulas. Much
of the burden of keeping the Straits' Channels open to this service
during the coldest winter weather falls on the ice-breaking ferry,
Chief Wawatam, which often is called upon to battle mountainous
floes. Ordinary shipping traffic on this portion of tne Great Lakes
Tour #22
2.
is not attempted during the colder months because of ice. The
urgency for moving much-needed ores impelled the Federal government
in the early spring of 1941 to detail two coast guard cutters to
open the traffic lanes between the three lakes by April 1st., giving
an additional fortnight, to the season of navigation.
Nearly aids to navigation are the Old Mackinac Point Lighthouse
inside the limits of the town, the Gray* s Reef lightship twenty miles
to the west and the Isle Au Galet lighthouse to the south of the
latter. A bronze tablet on the base of the Old Mackinac Point light¬
house gives the date of its construction. This station has all the
latest in equipment.
West of the lighthouse in a sheltered cove is a fine bathing
beach. Beyond, eight miles from the town, is the entrance to Wilder¬
ness State Park.
In this 8,000-acres project may be seen an experiment by the State
Department of Conservation in keeping modern life out of the woods.
While a good road leads into the park, no vehicular thoroughfares
thread it. The ambitious hiker will, however, find the trip through
the park or along the shores of the Straits and Sturgeon Bay well
worth while.
Wilderness Park abounds in wild life. It is a concentration
point for deer, beaver utilize its small waters, ruffed grouse
(partridge) are plentiful and Canada geese nest annually near a small
lake close to the camping and picnic area. Each summer the offspring
of these fowl become so tame that they stay close by the landing places
Tour #22
3
hoping to be fed. Besides these species, the Park provides breeding
places for countless song and shore birds*
The botanical interests of the area are great and varied* Among
other species, all the native orchids grow in profusion. Geologically,
Wilderness Park is unique and many students of this science spend much
time here.
Several marked trails penetrate the forest and three overnight
cabins are available without charge, through arrangement with the
park officers, whose headquarters are on the automobile road near the
camp ground. An observation tower affords a magnificent view of the
Straits and surrounding forest.
The University of Michigan maintains its summer geography camp
in Wilderness Park and elaborate group buildings are now under construct¬
ion.
This corner of Michigan was never lumbered. A great forest fire,
estimated by foresters to have raged here over a century ago, laid
waste to thousands of its acres. The forest growth which has come up
since has, for the most part, never been disturbed by man. Wilderness
Park is Michigan's largest primitive area south of the Straits of
Mackinac.
FAP m^EASE fiTiPTTMRER 26, 1941
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No^23
Compiled by workers of the Jfriters' Program of the Fork
Projects Admihistration in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Earned, State Administrator
Hunting in the Upper Peninsula
Next Wednesday, October 1, marks the opening' of the fall hunting season
for small game and birds in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. A small game
license may be procured at the State Conservation Department sub-district
office located on the trunk line at the south edge of the Soo. The cost is
$1.00 (resident fee) to all Service men*
While there is no open season on pheasant in the Upper Peninsula, hunters
have the advantage of earlier opening on other species of game and birds in
this area. Ruffed grouse (partridge), prairie chicken and sharptail grouse
may be shot from October 1 to 20j ducks, geese, coot, jacksnipe and sora rail,
from October 1 to November 29J woodcock, from October 1 to 15J rabbits from
October 1 to January 31. There is no closed season on coyote, wolf, lynx,
bobcat, fox, porcupine, woodchuck, weasel and red squirrel. Remember, how¬
ever, that there is no open season on raccoon in the Upper Peninsula, although
they may be taken from November 1 to December 15 in the Lower Peninsula.
The Michigan Department of Conservation issues a handy pocket-size digest
of the game and fish laws which will be given with the license. These will
help to keep the hunter and fisherman straight on the regulations.
Ho. 23
P-2
Hunters of the booming partridge have little difficulty in finding
good shooting grounds within a short distance of Fort Brady, easily
accessible by good roads. Take your Michigan highway map and spot the
locations of State and national forest areas. Get acquainted with Conser¬
vation and National Forest officials. It is their business to know and
to help you find the best places to go and they will gladly give information,
The highway map shows, to the south of Fort Brady, the dark green
areas marked "^O". These are parts of the Munuskong State Parks and are
open to hunting. Steer clear of the State Waterfowl Refuge on Munuskong
Bay, marked "119". This is closed area, but there is much good territory
around it. The refuges are prominently marked, so there is little excuse
for getting into forbidden ground.
The Marquette National Forest, extending from the Straits of Mackinac
to Whitefish Bay on Lake Superior, embraces many square miles of good hunt¬
ing. Inquiry should give you good tips on where to start in. This may be
reached over US-2 or H-28 and M-48. Better take along a compass. This is
wild going, and knowing your directions may save some unnecessary tramping.
The Lake Superior State Forest, extending west from Whitefish Bay for
fifty miles along the shores of Lake Superior, has a splendid reputation
among hunters. By using discretion in picking roads, this is accessible,
depending on the weather. Don't be backward about taking advice on this.
Hunters with a particular yen for shooting deer later in the fall
will do well to keep their eyes open while after the small game in these
areas. Do some scouting here and mark down likely spots for later ex¬
peditions. The deer season is open November 30.
Duck hunters could wish for nothing better than is offered by this
vast area. The many lakes inland from Superior and from the Ste, Maries
Ho. 23
P-3
River as well as the flats along the borders of the latter river are fa¬
vorite haunts of the lovers of this kind of shooting. The National Duck
stamp attached to the small game license is necessary.
For those who would rather fish than hunt, there is still much sport
to be had. The open season for Black Bass (except on certain lakes de¬
signated as trout lakes) extends to December 31. Pike, perch, bluegills,
muskellonge, Mackinaw trout and whitefish may be taken until March 31.
Special reference will be made later to the sport of fishing through the
ice for these species. Many good bass and pike lakes have already been
mentioned in previous issues of the Lock Guard. Look these up.
Don't forget to keep an eye open for fall coloring of the hardwoods
when on these hunting and fishing trips. Take your time. See something
as well as shoot at it. Be careful of setting fires, especially after the
leaves have fallen.
No-. XXIV
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
Compiled by workers of the ..Titers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator.
LOCK GUARD
The Lake Shore Drive, skirting the Lake Michigan Shore from Cross
Village to Harbor Springs, is a detour trip well worth the making by those
who have time to turn aside frcr" a trip south from Mackinaw City, Climbing
the bluffs above the lake and descending occasionally to water level, the
drive was designed for scenic effect rather than for high speed traffic,
and because of its excellence Governor Murray D. Van V.'agorer, who was
Highway Commissioner at the time, was awarded a medal by the society of
Highway Engineers.
Here may be seen deep forest vistas, expansive reaches of big water,
the surging of ceaseTes® surf far below the highway; the glistening of corn
in fields centuries old, remnants of ancient Indian habitations, crude
remains of Michigan's earliest white infiltration; the spires of churches
established more than a century ago by the early Jesuit missionaries,
cemeteries so old that even Indian legend cannot fix their beginnings.
The trip may be started by turning west (right) from US-31 at Levering,
13 miles south of Mackinaw City. Driving west 13 miles brings you to Cross
Village, which was first marked as an assembly place by a huge wooden cross
erected by the Jesuits. The place is still dominated by a replica of this
cross, which is replaced whenever necessary. The inhabitants of the village,
Tour #24.
0
numbering some 300, still observe '^any of the old Indian customs and
religious ties so rarely seen in America today. "Shooting the Jiminydo"
on New Years' Eve, "Boshoo" on New Year's day, the Huckleberry Feast,
Corpus Christi Day, King's Day, Al1-Souls Day, the Feast >.£ the Dead and
the Cross Village August Pow-wow are all observances^^^worth seeing.
During the latter event and authentic interpretation of the Buffalo Dance,
the Sim Dance, the Deer Dance and the War Dance may be seen.
Father Wycamp, who began his 4-3-year service to the parish in 1855,
was responsible for much in the way of improvement in the lives of the
Indians, teaching not only the Christian religion but modern ways of
agriculture, manufacture and business to a large colony. He established
schools and a convent as well as good farms, a sawmill, a grist mill and
other industries. His body now lies in the small tomb and chapel which he
built and used as a place of meditation many years before his death. To be
seen to the east of the village,.
Continuing south, one passes through the village of Good Hart with an
all year population of 300, many of them Indians who commercialize their
fishing and take parties on Mackinaw trolling trips. The village has ^ood
tourist accommodations.
Next comes Middle Village with its Mission church hugging close to the
shore of Lake Michigan, Near here, the exact location not now definitely
known, stood L'Arbre Croche huge gnarled hemlock, or Crooked Tree, which
served as a landmark for the early voyageurs of the lakes and gave the village
its original name. The twisting gash in the lakeside bluff at this point is
said to procure peculiar moaning sounds in the winds from the lake, giving
Tour #24
3
rise to the legend of the Indian Drum on which was based a novel of that
title written by Edwin Balmer and Milliam MacIIarg.
From here the road continues south, in many places 150 feet above the
waters of Lake Michigan with the bluff side beneath quite abrupt in their
descent, in other places almost at water level. Many magnificent views are
to be enjoyed as one leaves the close confines of the big trees and emerges
at a lookout spot. The Beavers, mentioned in a previous tour, are to be
seen some 30 miles to the west. Also, on some of the low places along the
shore, are vestiges of ancient fields cultivated by the Indians long before
the white man came to take possession.
And 22 miles south of Cross Village is Harbor Springs, lying at the
foot of a hill from which an excellent view of Little Traverse Bay and its
surrounding groups of small villages and resort settlements may be seen.
Most of these sprang up after the railroad entered the country in 1873. The
point immediately to the south is Harbor Point, a resort settlement which
permits no automobiles. The village immediately adjacent is Harbor Springs,
which antedates Petoskey, first as an Indian settlement, then an Indian
Mission point (its church was erected in 1827), then as a bustling business
village, safely sheltered from the storms of the lake by the encompassing
point.
7.3 miles further on is the junction with US-31, fro which you
detoured at Levering, and from there the route lies either north or south,
a speedway if you wish. And the scenic shore route may be made in either
direction, naturally, depending upon which way is most convenient.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXV-
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Jfork
Projects Administration Tn the State of Michigan
Abner E. Earned, State Administrator
LOCK GUARD
Marquette, population 1U,789, 168 miles west of Fort Brady.on the
shore of Lake Superior, is an important recreational centre as well as
the shipping point for the commercially important ores of the Marquette
Iron Range. Follow M-28 to Munising and the newly surfaced M-94 along
the shore. This latter reach of highway presents many scenic masterpieces;
take your time.
At the village of Harvey. U miles from Marquette, canoes may be rented
for a trip up the Chocolay River. Take along the camera and some color
film. At the south limits of the city is located the Marquette State House
of Correction, housing 850 prisoners, 4-0 percent of whom are lifers. In¬
spection may be made by arrangements. Many fine examples of handicraft
are turned out here. On sale outside the walls.
Beyond the prison, on the left before mounting the hill, are several
old charcoal ovens, now in disuse. These make unusual camera studies. Stop
at the top of the next hill on the scenic turnout for a magnificent view
of the city and bay. Further along, and before reaching the business dis-
trict is the statue of Father Marquette, done in Bronze by the Florentine
sculptor, Trentanove, and unveiled in 1897. It is thought that the great
Jesuit priest and explorer visited here during the 1600's, the exact date
not recorded.
Tour #25
2
In the harbor near this point, are the important ore shipping docks,
one of them 969 feet in length and 86 feet high. Another dock further to
the north is 1200 feet long and 75 feet high. Loading of the boats, formerly
consuming several days of shovel and wheelbarrow work, is now accomplished
in a few hours from the high bins, each of which may hold as many as 350
tons of ore. The first docks here were constructed in 1849 at the mouth
of the Carp river, a short distance to the south. With the completion of
the first Soo lock in 1855, this traffic assumed larger proportions, the
ore being hauled by horses and tramway from the mines. When the Iron Moun¬
tain railroad was completed in 1857, the volume swelled appreciably. The
peak of 4*792,987 tons of ore was shipped in 1916, though this will doubtless
be exceeded this year.
Inside the city limits of Marquette is Mount Mesnard, 521 feet above
the bay and surmounted by the brightly painted 125-foot stand-pipe which
may be seen for many miles. The climb to the top of this eminence is well
worth while. Marquette claims a "winter paradise of thrills" in its large
Superior Hills winter park, where all kinds of winter sports are under way
between December and March.
In the harbor the Mackinaw fishing fan may charter boats for his fa¬
vorite sport. In the surrounding lakes there is also much good bass and
pike fishing in well-stocked waters.
Lighthouse Point just north of the city is much frequented by artists
and camera fans, who have taken some splendid views of the unusual natural
tumbled rocks. Presque Isle Park, a 328-acre State Park, has a small zoo
and many recreational and amusement facilities as well as good accommodations
for campers. It is a favorite picnic spot, with its peculiarly colored
Tour #25
3
rocks along the shore.
On the shore road, a little further north, near Granite Point, is
Sugar Loaf Mountain. There is a road part way up with parking space and
a trail winding around the peak to the summit. The view from this point
over the surrounding country and the broad reaches of Lake Superior is
worth the climb. Far to the northwest may be seen the tumbled piles of
the Huron Mountains now accessible by good highway. This range is the
second highest in the state, rising 1,200 feet above the nearby waters of
Lake Superior. A highway is now being constructed from near Big Bay, to
the east of the mountains, and connecting through the foothills.with an
existing road which leads around the southern tip of Keewenaw Bay. With
the completion of this highway, a tour of unusual interest will be possible.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXVI
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration i.n the State of Michigan"
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
LOCK GUARD
Neguanee and Ishpeming. two cities of nearly 15,000 combined ppp-
ulation in the heart of the Marquette Iron Range, are located 12 miles
west of Marquette on US-41 - M-28, and 180 miles west of Fort Brady.
In 1844 a ri^h deposit of iron ore was discovered by a surveying
party at Jackson Hill in the western part of what is now the city of
Neguanee. A monument of iron-ore blocks now marks the location. In 1845
this open pit, exposed by surface erosion, was the scene of the first
iron mining in this area, the ore being hauled on sleighs to Marquette
for shipment. Because of the necessity for reloading at the Sault Falls
before the construction of the first lock and the difficulty in the 12-
mile haul to Marquette, the first few years yielded only a few thousands
tons. In 1848 charcoal kilns and blast furnaces were built in the town so
that the refined iron could be shipped. Relice of these old processes may
still be seen. After construction of a railroad to the Marquette docks
and the completion of the first lock at the Soo, the shipments increased
to 135,000 tons per year in 1871. In 1880, shaft mining was began, the
increased production reaching to 1,800,000 tons from Negaunee alone in
1910. The ore is of high quality.
Neguanee is the central point of good fall fishing territory, with
pike and bass lakes to the north and south. Near Princeton, 25 miles south
Tour #26
2
on M-35, is the State Game Refuge on the Escanaba River, where wild-life
may be photographed. Much of the winter recreation of the city centres
around Teal Lake within the city limits. There are two scenic drives
from this city. The old highway from Marquette, now County 4-92, parallels
the new US-4J. - M-28. The Cliff Drive branches from this same trunkline
just west of the city.
Ishpeming, 3 miles west of Negaunee, is headquarters for the Cleveland
Cliffs Iron Company, the Oliver Mining Company and the Ford Motor Company
mining operations. Some of the mines in this area produce ore 88 percent
pure. While visitors are not welcome in the mines themselves, much of
interest may be seen on the surface.
Ishpeming is famous not only for its high quality ore but also for its
National Ski Tournament which has been held in February since 1905. The
city has its winter sports park of 360 acres which includes Suicide Hill
a ski jump with a vertical drop of 280 feet and a length of 860 feet.
Originally built in 1925 with a dangerous gap, accidents prompted the filling
in of this 78-foot space which gave it its name. Contestants from many
states participate in the annual meets as well as many spectators. The
park also provides many other winter thrills.
Southwest of Ishpeming on County 581 is the White Falls on the Black
River, a tributary of the Escanaba River which flows south into Green Bay.
Twenty-five miles west of Ishpeming is the 4.,000-acre Lake Michigamme,
surrounded by hundreds of smaller lakes. Fishing is excellent here. The
Michigamme mine has produced nearly a million tons of ore since its opening
in 1905. Good tourist accommodations may be found in the village and sur-
Tour #26
3
rounding camps many of which remain open during the fall hunting season.
This is one of the oldest resort developments in the Upper Peninsula,
the large lakes and many of the smaller ones have several cottages and large
summer homes. The Michigamme River, which flows out of the lake to join
the Menominee and Brule near Iron Mountain at the Wisconsin border, has
long been a favored waterway for canoeists and bass fishermen. The Peshekee
River, flowing into the lake from the north is also much fished.
Fifteen miles to the west of Michigamme is a large stand of hardwood
timber owned by the Ford Motor Company which has }arge operations in the
Upper Peninsula.
WHER2 TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXVII
Co lpiled by workers of the Tj'ritors' Pro0rai.i of the Jfork
Projects Adjainistration the State of Michigan
Abner F. Lamed, State Administrator
LCCi: GUARD
Old Fort '.Vilklrn. at the tip of Keweenaw Peninsula, presents such -a
complete picture of soldier's quarters of more than a century ago that
last year more than 130,000 persons inspected it. Allowed to go almost
to ruin after it was abandoned, it is nor; in process of restoration. It
was first constructed in 1344 to house troops detailed to protect the new
copper mining operations, begun the year before, from possible damage by
hostile Indians. The restoration, carefully kept on the ordinal p-unis,
gives an opportunity today to cougar: the soldier's accomodations of a
century ago with those provided today. Fort Trillins State Park, 116 acres
in area, lies between Lake Superior and smaller Lake Fanny Hooe, the fort
itself fronting on the smaller lake.
Fort Uilkins lies 310 miles from Fort Brady at the northern terminus
of US-41. Takd M-28 west from the Soo, M-94 west from Munising, and US-41
from Harvey through Marquette, L'Anse, Houghton and Calumet, thence on to
Fort lilkins.
Two information bureaus offer complete service along the r-'ud. . One
of them, the Copper Country* Vacationist League, is located in the City
Building at Houghton. At Ahraeek, 16 miles further along on US-41, the
Keweenaw County official information booth faces you from a landscaped
Tour -J 27
- 2 -
park and offers lounge and rest rooms us well us detailed directions to
the many points of interest in the county. This is supplemented by . ur.y
marker; , rustic signs ude by NYA workers and erected by TZL, all of which
designate the points of interest throughout the county. The Keweenaw
Golf Course, near Copper Harbor on US-11, v/as constructed by ',71.i. v/orkers
and is said to be one of the sportiest and most beautiful in the State.
Ample cottage accomodations are provided, with meals served in a central
hall.
Fort Wilkins, built in 13vt, was abandoned at the outbreak of the
Mexican bar and not i-copuncd until 1867, v/hen it was used for the hospi¬
talization of wounded and disabled for a number of years. In 1921 the
site was purchased by Houghton and Keweenaw Counties and turned over to
the State for memorial and recreational purposes.
The well-proteated waters of Co^ er Harbor, one mile west of Fort
Wilkins, were ^robably the first ic^ortant shining base for copper from
this whole region, which is dotted with the shafts of mines now long aban¬
doned. Authorities differ as to the date of discovery, but the industry
was started with a first mine in lf!3 after enormous lumps of ^ure co^ ~ _-r
had been found exposed along the shore of the bay by the first explorers.
With the acquisition of laud title from the Indians the laud was guis^iy
taken up, and ore was shipped for nany years before the ^ ected deposits
were exhausted. After the closing of the mines the lumber industry took
up the slack, beginning about 1290. Nov/ the importance of the village cen¬
ters around its resort accomodations and its fiohin0 industry. Isle Hcyui
may be visited front here, a cruiser leaving daily at 8 A.7. and returning
Tour (y27
- 3 -
at 7 Pon Monday, Tuesday, Thurc'a., and Friday of each week during July
and August.
Near Copper Harbor is an abandoned Manganese mine, probably one of the
first to be opened in this district. Triile there is little of this impor¬
tant alloying metal to be found in this country and the old mine is not
producing, there is still an occasional shipment made from the Copper coun¬
try, the value of one cargo running into many thousands of dollars.
Going west from Copper Harbor, take the Brockwuy Mountain Drive (M26).
This recently developed scenic highway is much talked of as one of the most
impressive drives in the State. An observation area at the summit of Brock-
way Mountain provides an unexcelled view of the entire rugged, tree-covered
tip of the peninsula as well as the reaches of Lake Superior. As an alter¬
nate route to the west — or rather, as an additional one which should be
driven as well, the shore drive, parallelling M-26 to the north, should be
seen. Further to the west, between Eagle Harbor and Eagle River, the Sand
Dunes drive lies between the lake shore and bluffs, the joints of interest
along the route all being marked with rustic signs. The entire peninsula,
in fact, includes so many of these places that it would be well to secure
complete information from the local information bureaus before embarking
on this trip.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXVIII
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the JTork
Projects Administrationrin the State of Michigdfi
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
LOCK GUARD
The Houghton County Copper Industry, physical evidence of which
nay be noted at close intervals along the 30 miles of US-A1 in the
county, traces back to the year 1610, when Champlain wrote to his
French superiors that there were rumors of "mines to the west" of
the St. Lawrence valley. Indeed, there is ample evidence that copper
had already been mined here for untold centuries by a "race of
giants" related in Indian legends as having preceded the red man in
occupation of the country. Archeologists believe these prehistoric
men to have been related to the Aztecs and Toltecs of Central America
and that sporadic journeys were made from the south by them for the
purpose of securing the rare metal found here in an almost pure state.
Following Champlain's mention of the rumor in 1610, Brule, who
was believed to have visited the present site of Sault Ste. Marie in
1619-20, took back with him to the French Headquarters on the St.
Lawrence in 1621 samples of float copper obtained from the Indians
at the Sault. Father Allouez, one of the first of the Jesuit priests
to minister to the Indians in the Lake Superior country, reported the
existence of copper in 1666. Due, however, to its inaccessibility
(the Detroit outlet to Lake Huron was not discovered until 1669 by
Tour #28
2
Joliet) and the French concentration on the exploitation of the rich
fur trade, there was no effort made to develop this mineral resource
until 1765) when the English trader, Alexander Henry, of Michilimackinac
Massacre fame, explored the shores of the Keweenaw Peninsula from
Copper Harbor on the east to the mouth of the Ontonagan river, where
he set up a crude and unsuccessful attempt at mining.
It was only after the acquisition by treaty of Indian lands by
the state of Michigan and the survey by Dr. Douglas Houghton, first
State Geologist, in 184.0-43 that the real development of the resources
of the Copper Range in Houghton and Keweenaw counties was begun.
Within a few years of the survey nearly a thousand mining claims
were filed by individuals who had found — or thought they had found —
rich deposits. Many of these claims were never profitable, some have
already been exhausted after small profit, only a few have proven
to be fabulously rich. The bare skeletons of abandoned operations
are scattered all over the peninsula. Today only a very few of the
mines are operating, due to the low price of the smelted copper.
One of the richest deposits ever found in this district, where
the ore is said to be the most nearly pure in the world, is now oper¬
ating at a distance of about one and one-half miles below the surface.
The mere cost of hoisting is said to be prohibitive at the present
price. Other mines find a similar condition. The peak production
of 270,000,000 pounds of refined copper in 1916 is now reduced to
about 75,000,000 pounds. Abner E. Larned, State Administrator of
the Work$ Progress Administration, has recently made an appeal to the
Tour #28
3
Federal Government, asking for the establishment of a price slightly
above the prevailing one, which will enable the mines to resume
operation. He states that by this means, thousands of idle miners
may be taken from relief and WPA rolls and put into productive labor,
llany of the mine shafts now closed still show evidence of extensive
deposits and it is said that only about ten percent of the possible
mining territory has been thoroughly prospected.
Along US-41 from Copper Harbor, where the ruins of the Old Clark
Mill and of the old Manganese mine may be seen, to Allouez at the
western edge of Keweenaw County, there are many points at which old
mining operations were once in progress. Many of these points amm
easily reached by highway and most of them are marked with names and
dates. Some of them may be found at^ Mandan; Wyoming, known during
the 1870*3 and '80*s as Helltownj Lac La Belle and Bete Gris, off
US-41 to the south of Wyoming; Delaware, in which Horace Greeley was
once interested; Eagle Harbor, an important shipping point; Copper
Falls Mine, opened in 1845 and before that the scene of ancient
workings; Phoenix, where silver was also mined and a silver nugget
weighing 8-3/4 pounds troy weight was once found; Eagle Harbor, where
the monument to Dr. Houghton may be seen; Cliff mine, opened in 1845;
Mohawk, where a peculiar blend of copper and arsenic was found;
Ahaeek, which has produced 500,000,000 pounds of refined copper;
Allouez, named for the French Jesuit priest who reestablished relations
with the Indians in this region in 1665.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXII
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administratiorf in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
LOCK GUARD
The Upper Peninsula State Fair, held in Escanaba September 3-7,
is the highlight of the early fall season. Escanaba is located on
US-2, 177 miles southwest of Fort Brady. Take M-28, 11-98 and 14-77
through Blaney Park to the junction with US-2. The route over US-2
the entire distance (through St. Ignace) is 20 miles longer, but gives
more variety in scenery.
Escanaba, population, 14,524, is an important ore shipping
point situated on Little Bay De Noc, an arm of Green Bay. In 1940,
330 lake steamers carried three and a half million tons of ore from
the pockets of the great shipping piers here, gathered by railroad
from the mines to the north and west. Visitors are always interested
in the speed with which a cargo ranging from 5,000 to 15,000 tons may
be taken aboard through chutes from the elevated bins. While lumbering
of the pine timber attracted the first white settlement about 1830
and continued for many years, the ore-shipping has been a major indus¬
try since 1864, when railroad men, seeking a deep-water port, built
the first dock and began shipping. Today, paper, chemicals, fish
hardwood lumber products are other important commodities. In 1936,
Tour #29
2
Escaxxaba furnished 100,000 square feet of bird's-eye maple veneer for
the inside finish of the Cunard liner, Queen Mary.
The Upper Peninsula Fair promises much in the way of excite¬
ment, entertainment, sport and educational features, climaxed by
Escanaba Day, when special races, shows, fireworks and a log-birling
contest will be held. The Upper Peninsula championship pistol
matches will be shot off at this time. Cow-calling contests, horse-
pulling, photography, horse-shoe pitching and husband-calling contests
are staged, with fireworks display every evening.
The Fair management promises the finest agricultural displays
in the midwest, with all the best in fruits, vegetables and dairy pro¬
ducts; and the showing of fine herds of horses, cattle, sheep, hogs,
poultry and pet stock. Home-making departments will 3how needlework,
baked and canned goods, and cooking, with special exhibits of art and
antiques, school and 4-H Club work. It will also have all of the
color and clamor of the midway and side-show, usually added for
special attraction. There will be excitement and fun for all tastes.
Michigan's Upper Peninsula is proud of its achievements in
agriculture, fruit and dairying as well as its recreational and resort
facilities. What has been accomplished along the former lines may
be an eye-opener to many who do not realize what can be done with
this rich new land under intelligent management, in spite of the fact
that the growing season is two weeks shorter than that regions 300
miles to the south. Here the visitor may rub elbows with contented
and prosperous tillers of the soil of the north country.
Tour #29
3
Esc&naba is the centre of one of the newest industries in the
nation, the taking and packing of many tons of smelt during the
spawning runs of the early spring. The streams of the surrounding
territory annually yield ten to twelve MILLION pounds of these tiny
fish, descendents of the few hundred placed in a small lake near
Traverse City in the Lower Peninsula only a few years ago. The fish
range in size from six to eight inches long and are dipped in small
nets from the streams as they ply their way against the current in
vast schools to the spawning beds in early April of each year. At
this time visitors by the thousands come from many of the near-by
states to witness the festivities of the so-called Smelt Jamborees.
Mink ranchers in the vicinity of Escanaba freeze about a million and
a half pounds ffbr mink food, holding it in large freezers until needed.
During the winter the ice-bound harbor will be dotted with the tight
little shanties of the fishermen who dangle the line through the ice
for the little silver-sided fish — usually with room for one more
patient fisherman. Keep this in mind for next winter. Upper Pen¬
insula roads are always open, except for a few hours in the most
severe blizzards. Tou will be able to count on this trip later.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No._m
Compiled by workers of the Writers1 Program of the Work
Projects Administration~in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Lamed, State Administrator
LOCK GUARD
Houghton. 3,757 population, is the oldest incorporated settle¬
ment in the Copper Country. This, with its sister city, Hancock,
5,795 population, is the principle distributing centre of the district.
The two cities are separated by the narrow neck of Portage Lake, an
important waterway cutting across the peninsula between Lake Superior
and Keweenaw Bay.
Houghton was settled in 1352. Between 1855 and 1870, more than
200 mining locations were prospected south of Portage Lake; a number
of these penetrating rich lodes. As a result of the boom in copper
between 1875 and the World War, the city became an important govern¬
mental and business centre. Due, however to the low price of the
mineral during the past twenty years, many rich mines have been shut
down because of the high cost of raising the ore from the enormous
i(U UltrtUxl.
depths to which had been sunk. The high quality of the ore
taken from many of the richest lodes commanded a premium price. With
^increased demand for defense purposes, many of these mines are now
being reopened.
On the edge of the business district and overlooking the Portage
Tour #30
2
Channel, is the Michigan College of Mining and Technology, founded
in 1880 and maintained by the State of Michigan. Many of the leading
■<mng engineers of the nation claim this as Alma Mater. On the
A
fourth floor of the Engineering Building, is the mining museum (open
9-5 weekdays), which contains specimens from Michigan*s copper, iron
and gold ores as well as a comprehensive collection of manufactured
articles and by-products. On the lawn of this building is a piece
of float copper weighing 4,836 pounds, donated to the college by the
Copper Range Company in 1936. Float copper is native copper trans¬
ported from its original source by glaciers, streams or other erod¬
ing agents.
Hancock, on the north side of the channel, is the site of the
Ou\*~dL
famous Quincy mine, opened in 1848 taspnwe one of the leading pro¬
ducers of the Range. This mine has an inclined shaft with 93 levels
at intervals of about 100 feet. The shaft cables, operating on a
drum thirty feet in diameter, are more than two miles long and
weigh approximately five tons. The hoisting skips, which work in
balance — one rising as the other descends — weigh five tons each
and have a capacity of eight tons each. They are hoisted at the
rate of 3,000 feet per minute. Many miles of rail are used inside
the mine in the various levels to transport the ore to the skips for
hoisting, in some cases the vertical lift being over a mile.
Much of the copper ore taken from the mines in this district is
taken to the stamping mills and smelters situated along the waters of
Portage Lake or its branch, Torch Lake, where it is converted into
Tour #30
3
pig copper of nearly 100 percent purity for shipping to other manu¬
facturing centres. An important system of railroads has been built
over rough terrain in order to collect the ores from the different
mines along the Copper Range to these smelters. Thousands of tons
of fine refuse have been dumped into the waste piles along the bay.
Today, a new process makes it possible to rework this low-grade sand
profitably wherever it is found to bear copper to the value of $15
per ton.
The so-called Copper Range, which extends from Copper Harbor at
the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula in a southwesterly direction as
far as Bessemer near the Wisconsin line, a distance of over one
hundred fifty miles has been since its first development in the 18^0's
one of the richest producers in the world. It is thought, however,
that not more than ten percent of this area has been thoroughly
prospected.
To the northeast along US-A1, Calumet and Kearsarge are sites
of important developments. To the southwest, Atlantic, South Range,
Trimountain, Painesdale, Mass and Bessemer have all made their con¬
tributions to the history of the copper industry. Rockland, Ontonagon
and Silver City have also produced much of the important mineral.
The largest single mass of copper ever found in Michigan was taken
from the Old Michigan Mine near Rockland. It weighed A20 tons. Silver
as well as copper has been found at Silver City.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. JQQCI
Compiled by workers of the JTritera' Program of the Jlfork
Projects Administration5"in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Escanaba.
Escanaba, on US-2, near the most southerly dip of the Upper Peninsula,
*
is the most important city of Delta County and the centre of much commercial
and recreational activity. It is 177 miles^ from Fort hraay.
Here are located the largest hires-eye maple veneer plants in the
world, Perfection of process and machinery has made it possible to peel
or slice very thin strips of the rare roods from the logs, later to be glued
to panels of other materials. Visitors are welcome in the plan".3.
Escanaba claims the largest potato warehouse in the world1 with a
capacity of 136 c; rloaor:. In recent years this section has become an i -
a
portran source of this vital food, specialists from ulne, Wisconsin and
Minnesota having discovered ideal conditions, of soil and cl'rn te. One firm,
Northwest Potato Farms, Inc., recently purchased 10,000 acres of cut-over
timber land for potato raising, 1,000 acres'of it already in pro miction.
Due to the fact that they are unable to maintain high virility in repro¬
duction, for more than a few years in succession, potato growers located
\^ipther to the south are now coming to this section every year to buy the
hirh,-yielding seed put out under the strictest of inspection by State seed
^Specialists. Michigan "Certified" has come to be the mark of the best in
potato seed. This district is also highly orobuctive in small berries, flax,
\
peas, hay, livestock and dairy products.
Tour rr 31
-2-
The Escanaba district is also f> at becoming famous for its output of
furs of domesticated wile animals. By making an appointment through the
Escanaba Chamber of Commerce, the visitor may make a personally conducted
tour through the grounds of the Id ink and Fur Farm, located on - -35, 7 miles
south of the city. There are also several smaller minkeries in this vicinity,
in which many tons of smelt, taken in April from the small rivers during
the spawning "runs" and then frozen, are fed later to the minks. Escanaba's
Smelt Carnival is thus, not only a time of high hilarity, but also of great
commercial importance.
While in the city, the visitor should not neglect the gathering of in¬
formation about the various winter sports, now so much a part of the ye;r-
round recreational life of this district. A carnival is held over a period
of several days during the best time of the winter, when almost every variety
of winter sport may be enjoyed, hot the least of these is the fun to be
had in the Fish Shanty Villa e which grows up annually on the ice of Little
Bay De hoc, Escanaba's front porch. Inside the cozy houses the fisherman
may fish through the ice for smelt or perch. Ice-boating is also an interesting
sport enjoyable here at times during the winter, on waters which during the
summer are the scene of much sailing and motor-boatim*".
At Wells, a few miles north of Escr.nab" , are large lumber mills and
the plant of the Chemical and Iron Company. Gladstone, a few miles further
north, is the home of precision-built articles for sportsmen; gun-sights,
compasses, match-boxes, hunting knives and other necessities for woodsman,
hunter or fisherman. A large display case at the factory shows the line. Glad¬
stone is the scene of the annual 7/orld Championship log burling contests in
Tour #31
-3-
July, where one contestant in spiked boots standing on a floatinp log tries
to spill his opponet, on the other end of the log, by making it whirl in
the water. Both men and women engage in the sport.
At Nahma, to the east and a little off US-2 at the head of Bir Bay
De Hoc, is the scene of the annual "Hunters' Shindig" where deer hunters
gather on the Saturday preceding the ouening to consume great Quantities
of food served camp style. The Hiawatha l.abional Forest, which embraces
much of the territory from Green Bay to Lake Superior, is easily reached
from here. This is productive in deer, birds and small r.me.
Separating Big Bay De Noc from the waters of Lake Michigan is the
Garden Peninsula, which may be reached by gooc road turning" south at the
northeastern tip of the bay. At Fayette on the bay side of the peninsula
are the high cliffs ™hich may be reached from the highway, huch good
fishing may be had in the surrounding bay.
WHERE TO GO - WAT TO DO
No. mu
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration'in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Menominee.
Menominee, situated at the Wisconsin border, on Green Bay at the
mouth of the Menominee River, is a city of 10,320 with ci ersified attrac¬
tions. It is 231 miles from Fort Brady on M-35 and US-4.1.
This city was established in 1794- as a fur tradin' post; the first
saw mill was built in 1332, the city becoming the largest lumber shipping
point of the Upper Peninsula until 1910. The surrounding,territory now
ships two million pounds of cheese annually and $250,000 worth of-fish.
Other products are paper, furniture, Venetian blinds, electric fans and
baby buggies. It is an important railway centre and one of the terminals
of the Ann Arbor Railroad ferries from Frankfort in the Lower Peninsula,
which leave the port at 2 P.Li. daily for Frankfort, carrying freight cars,
automobiles and passengers on the trio across Green <ay, through the Sturgeon
Bay Canal and across Lake Michi" n.
Much of the history of Menominee centres around the Menominee River,
\
which, with its tributary, the Erule, forms a meandering boundary between
Michigan and Wisconsin for a distance of about 150 miles. At one time
before white dominance, the kinominee and Chippera Indians lived along the
banks of the Menominee near Green Bay, subsisting largely upon the rile rice
of the river backwaters and the sturgeon fish which were t': en so plentiful.
Tour #32
-2-
Due to bad blood between these two tribes, the f.lenominees built a tr; p
across the river to prevent the fish from roi.ng up, thus cutting off an
important item of Chippewa food. The latter tribe went on the war-math,
defeatinr the i enominees with great slaughter. The ground in which the
slain warriors were buried is today rar'red by a bronze tablet on a large
boulder which may be found in West End Park, three blocks west of the
Interstate Bridge. This conflict is known as the Sturgeon Wrr.
In West End Park the visitor may also see evidence of how the Indians
formerly secured another item of food. Many of the maple trees still bear
the marks of tapping for the sap which flowed each sprin, to ive the natives
satisfaction for their sweet tooth.
The Menominee River, with a fall of approximately 5 feet to the mile,
produces much valuable power developed through three dams within fifty
miles of the city. There are also many beautiful waterfalls to be seen
within this distance. Canoeing and bass fishing are favorite recreations
alone the river.
Because of its location and the lack of inter-state regulation of
the fishin , the Menominee River has no regulations on smelt fishing curing
the spring smelt spawning runs. Ingenious devices for ca tur'.r. large
quantities of the little fish have resulted. Since 1936 the Menominee Smelt
Festival has been an interesting as well as a profitable occasion for both
observers and fishermen. It is said that two men who constructed special
equipment took 4*200 pounds of smelt from the river in five hours on one
occasion. The annual take at ?Tenominee is estimated at over 1,000 tons.
And that is not all of it — there is fun to be had, also by the ton, for
those who feel in the mood to enter into the spirit of the thin . This
Tour #32
festival is held usually in early April, dependent, It is thought by many
authorities, on the rising of the temperature of the water in the river to
a certain degree above freezing. Students of this phenomenon, — and it
is still a mizzle to observers — believe that the male smelt first swim
up the river to choose and clear the spawning beds, returning to the waters
of the bay to direct the females, who deposit the eggs. At this tine, it
is said, the sides of the males present an almost sand-paper roughness,
while the females retain their smoother coats.
Much of the sumner life of the city of Menominee centres around the
Bay and its large yacht basin, where many of the finest craft may be seen.
The annual yachting regatta is usually held in July, but there is much
activity here throughout the year.
Menominee will be the scene during the coming cold season of a com¬
prehensive and enjoyable Winter Sports program. Facilities for many of
the best in snow and ice sports have been developed around the natural
advantages of the surrounding territory. Dates dor special features will
be announced later. Bear in mind that the Michigan State Highway Department
has developed snow-removal equipment in this territory to a point where
there need be lit le fear of serious highway blockades on account of snow
for -ore than a few hours even in the most severe storms. Upper Peninsula
roads are made to be used twelve months a year, and the traveller is seldom
inconvenienced. Make plans to enjoy trips to the scenes of the winter festivals.
JKERE TO GO - W1AT TO DO
No. XXXIII
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administratiorf^in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Iron Mountain
Iron Mountain, on US-2, 229 miles from Fort Brady, is the manufacturing
and distributing centre for the Menominee Iron Range. Production of the
rich hematite ore has been an important industry in this district since
1873, when the Quirmesec nine began shipping ore by wagon and sleigh over
the 70 miles of rough road to I'.enominee.
Iron Mountain took its name from the 500-foot bluff which rises with¬
in its limits. Earth scars and abandoned mine pits visible today 0ive
evidence of the more than 60 years of development of the richest deposits
in this locality. The cave-ins at the old Pev/abic mine, where the earth
has settled several hundred feet for a distance of a quarter mile, give
evidence of the mammoth underground workings which honeycomb the region.
Many of the mines are in operation today, although the visitor has to be
content with watching the surface operations.
Do not fail oo see the 01 Cornish Pump once used in the Chapin mine to
lift 3,000 gallons of water per nunute from the shafts and tunnels. This
mammoth piece of machinery was imported from England many years ago. Its
flywheel weighs 160 tons, the engine is 54- feet hi0h ana has high and low-
pressure cylinders measuring 50 ana 100 inches in diameter respectively.
It required a crew of 56 men ana this pump to keep the workings of the mine
No. mm
-2-
clear of the seepage. There were many of these pumps used at various
times in the mines of the Upper Peninsi'^ .
During the early days, it was also found necessary to import miners
from the coal mines of Cornwall, England, where the timbering of the
shafts had been developed to a science. This importation is said to have
lead to Parliamentary investigation and near-scandal concerning the work¬
ing conditions in the English mines, where whole families were found to have
been confined underground for long periods of time without benefit of fresh
air or education. The miners, in spite of lack of book learning, could
figure rapidly in their heads, the intricate formulas necessary for cutting
the mining timbers. In fact, it is said that one of these men, y^ithout for¬
mal education of any kind, won many a bet against his ignorance of the art of
reading. He could "read" every woru in the front page of a newspaper— up¬
side-down, preferably— but only after his ife, who was educated, had read
it aloud to him. Such men had much to do with the early development of the
mineral resources of the Upper Peninsula, and their descendents, under the
benefits of Michigan's educational system, make up an important part of the
present population.
Roosevelt Mountain (formerly known as Pine Mountain) within the limits
of the city of Iron Mountain, rises to an abrupt altitude of nearly 500 feet
above the surrounding region. From its peak, which may be reached by a cir¬
cuitous road, may be seen 7 lakes and 8 cormnunities. Here is located the
tallest artificial ski-slide in the world, 4.60 feet above the ground, a
central attraction of the many winter sports facilities of the city. Only
the most hardened of the devotees of the sport of skiing dare to look down
from the top and launch the breath-takin0 drive to the take-off below.
No. XXXIII -3-
Many of the lesser winter sports may be enjoyed here, however, such as
skating, tobogganing and snow-shoe., u, . Iron Mountain takes pains that
all visitors are made welcome with ample accomodations and good food.
Kingsford, 2 miles south of Iron Mountain, is a development of the
Ford Motor Company, which has large lumber and dimension mills, a chemi¬
cal plant, a hydroelectric and a modern city of 5,526 population. Below
the power dam, which is on the Menominee River, is the spectacular Horse
Race Rapids. The Ford Formal Gardens also located here are an interesting
sight in season, as well as the Subsistence Gardens operated by the Ford
employees.
Iron Mountain maintains a guide service through its Chamber of Com¬
merce. Boy Scouts, specially trained for the purpose, have proven them¬
selves a wise adjunct to the recreational and scenic resources of the re¬
gion.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXXIV
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration"in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Crystal Falls
Crystal Palls, 2295 population, 252 miles from Fort Brady, is located
at the intersection of US-2 and M-69, 30 miles northwest of Iron Mountain.
It is the site of the Bristol iron mine, opened in 1882 and one of the best
producers of the Menominee Range. This town is deservedly famous for its
annual Bass Festival, held on the Paint River, where a float-fishing trip
in small boats produces many fine specimens of the gamey fish. The Paint
River, which joins the Brule and the Michigamme about fifteen miles to the
south of Crystal Falls to form the Menominee near Iron Mountain, is one of
the best bass waters in the state. All three smaller rivers are fed by the
hundreds of small lakes which dot the landscape.
The Paint and Michigamme, flowing through the rocky terrain, are alter¬
nately slow-moving and sudden-tumbling, with many scenic falls and rapids.
On the Michigamme, spaced at intervals of a few miles are the Lower Michi¬
gamme Falls, Peavy Falls, Glidden Rapids and Upper Michigamme Falls. The
Paint drops successively over the Chipmunk Falls, Snake Rapids, Hemlock Rapids,
Littel Bull Rapids and Horserace Rapids. All of these scenic locations are
quite readily accessible from good roads. The camera fan who is equipped
with fast lens, light meter and color filter will find these spots of intrigu-
- 2 -
ing interest,
Pentago Park, 5*5 miles to the west of Crystal Falls on County Road
#639, borders Chicaugon La^e. Here in 1851 surveyors found an Indian vill¬
age extending for a whole mile along the shore of this lake. Near the
southern end is an old Indian burial ground, still kept in good condition by
the descendants of the original inhabitants of this region. Note that each
of the graves is covered by a small wooden shelter in which the Indians still
place stores of food, according to the ancient custom of the race. On the
shore of the lake may be seen a sample of early Indian transportation equip¬
ment in the form of a large freight canoe hollowed from a log. This was
discovered in recent years on the shores of Lake Superior and brought here
for exhibition, to be preserved under a special shelter. The labor of con¬
struction was no doubt largely performed by the use of fire and crude imple¬
ments .
Iron River
Iron River is 17 miles west of Crystal Falls on US-2. This city of
4665 population, with its sister city, Stambaugh, 24.00 population, forms the
metropolis of this western extremity of the Menominee Iron Range. Ore was
discovered here in 1851, when the first surveyors of the county sighted a
five-foot outcropping in the side of Stambaugh Hill. However, due to the
fact that the ore was of different composition from the ores being mined at
that time in other districts, very little was done with it until later years
because lumbering occupied the first attention of the settlers. The Caspian
Mine, opened in 1903, has produced over 6,000,000 tons of ore, easily pro-
- 3 -
cessed by newer methods than those used in the late 1800's. The ore is
shipped over the Chicago and Northwestern and the Soo Line Railroads,
Land 01 Lakes
Iron River is at the southeastern corner of the Ottawa National Forest,
the largest of the National Forests in Michigan - 1,700,000 acres. In this
area along US-2 to the west, are many State, National and private fish
hatcheries. At Beechwood is a private development, where many trout may be
seen or caught. The State of Michigan maintains the Cook's Run Trout Hatch¬
ery near here, said to be one of the most beautiful in setting of any in the
state. The main lodge in the group of administration buildings will be
interesting to one who wishes to note what may be done with natural timber
in construction and finish. At Elmwood, a few miles north of US-2, is Von
Platen - Fox Park, site of a recent logging operation and the University of
Michigan Forestry Camp. The visitor is now in the famous Land 0' Lakes
region, dotted with hundreds of small spring-fed lakes surrounded with vast
reaches of timber and teeming with fish.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXXV
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Jfork
Projects Administration"" in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Earned, State Administrator
Watersmeet
Watersmeet, at the Intersection of US-2 and US-A5, is 270 miles from
Fort Brady and 30 miles west of Iron River. Serving as an important trad¬
ing centre for the resort, fishing and hunting territory mown as the Land
0' Lakes, it is unique in its geographic location at the apex of a height
of land which drains in three directions. The middle branch of the Onton-
agan river, which flows through the northern"edge of the village at an
altitude of approximately 1,200 feet above Lake Superior, tumbles through
numerous falls and rapids to reach the northern lake AO miles away. The
highlands to trie southeast drain through the Paint River, which joins the
Brule and Michigamne to form the Menominee and flow into Green Bay, a
part of Lake Michigan. To the south, the myriad of lakes form the head¬
waters of the Wisconsin River, which traverses almost the entire length
of that state to join the Mississippi near the state's southwest corner,
its waters to eventually reach the Gulf of Mexico more than a thousand
miles to the south.
Six miles to the east of the village is the Watersmeet Trout Hatch¬
ery and near it on the Ontonagon River, the Ontanogan Trout Rearing
Tour #35
2.
station, important links in the State Department of Conservation work of
keeping up the trout population of our Michigan streams.
Lac Vieux Desert (pronounced: lak-view-de-sair), the historic Chippe¬
wa Indian village, is 8 miles south and 7 miles east of Watersmeet, on the
north shores of the lake which forms part of the Michigan-Wisconsin border.
From tuis village runs the historic Lac Vieux Desert Trail, which traverses
the sixty miles to the lower tip of Keweenaw Bay and the city of L'Anse,
once an important trading centre of the French. In 1660, nine years before
the discovery of the Detroit River by Joliet, Father Menard, a Jesuit miss¬
ionary, spent the winter at L'Anse and established an Indian mission there,
probably after the Bay had already been visited, without specific mention,
by other explorers during the previous five years of journeying along the
southern shores of Lake Superior. After that time, this was a favorite
point of contact with the Indians for many miles around, establishing the
Lac Vieux Desert Trail. Even in recent years this trail has been used by
the Indian residents in their frequent visits to the Federal Indian Affairs
office at the northern end, where settlement and treaty were made. At the
present Indian village on Lac Vieux Desert is an Indian Burial Ground
where the wooden shelters over the graves are still well ^reserved.
The Gateway
Entering Michigan from Wisconsin over US-45, the southern visitor to
the state is greeted by a unique institution known as The Gateway. This
is only 8 miles south of Watersmeet. Here private management gives a
Tour #35
3
sample, winter or summer, of nearly every form of recreational facility
to be found in the Upper Peninsula. Many lakes in the vicinity may be
visited with ample accommodation or equipment for fishing. Hunters con¬
gregate here in great numbers in the fall for the bird, small game or
deer hunting. Trap-shooting, tennis, golf, shuffle-board, horseback rid¬
ing and many of the summer activities are indulged in during the milder
months. During the winter skating, skiing, snowshoeing, sleigh-riding,
winter cross-country hiking and other sports are encouraged. Figure-skat¬
ing exhibitions and outdoor bonfires with music are provided. Just south
of the Gateway, across the '.Yisconsin border, Barefoot Charlie, clad in
buckskins and barefoot even in winter, holds forth at his cabin v.here
he exhibits many strange things he has collected in his nany years as a
local resident in the woods.
This Land 01 Lakes region boasts - justifiably - of its big muskel-
lunge, its pike and bass, as well as its fine hunting. Tourist accommodat¬
ions are available here for many months of the year, with something to
occupy the attention of the visitor through most of the twelve months.
The region even remarks about its numerous hi_h-class night-clubs and its
pretty girls, who can, on occasion, devote their time to instruction in
the arts of the winter sports such as skiing and skating.
WHERE TO GO - WHAT TO DO
No. XXXVI
Compiled by workers of the Writers' Program of the Work
Projects Administration2in the State of Michigan
Abner E. Larned, State Administrator
Marenisco
Marenisco, at the intersection of U3-2 and M-64, is 294 miles from
Fort Brady. It is an active sawmilling town where the real business of
converting timber into usable products may be seen at all times during
the year. The largest part of the lumber now produced is ma-le, birch,
elm, basswood and some hemlock. This town is a summer trading centre
for the resorts surrounding Lake Gogebic, the largest inland la.e in
the Upper Peninsula. Climb to the top of Alligator Point on the lake
and get a good view of the surrounding territory. You will see build¬
ings along the lake which have been in existence for many years.. This
was one of the first resort developments of the region, construction
having started soon after the coming of the first railroad in 1885.
The Indian name, Gogebic, means "Where fish rising make rings in the
water," an example of the poetic symbolism of the Indian tongue - or
should we say, an example of saying a great deal in a few words?
At Wakefield, 1/, miles west on US-2, we enter the famous Gogebic
Iron Range which extends into the state of Wisconsin. This Range was
opened in the 1880's after the Menominee Range, opened in the 1870's
Tour #36
2.
and the Marquette Range opened in the 1V,"1a.£ The ore of the Gogebic
Range is designated as "Bessemer" ore, a soft hematite, averaging 51$ nat¬
ural iron, with low phosphorus and silica content, Larticularly adaptable
to the Bessemer conversion process into steel. Many of the mines in this
district are open-pit where the actual mining may be seen from the surface,
whereas most other mines are entirely below ground. One, the Wakefield,
is one-fourth mile wide and 375 feet deep.
A short distance north of Wakefield is the most westerly extention
of Michigan's Copper lunge, which has its eastern tip at the north end
of the Keweenaw Peninsula, a distance of about 150 miles.
The iron mines of this district centre around the towns of Wakefield,
Ramsay, Bessemer, North Bessemer and Ironwood, the latter with a populat¬
ion of 14,200, being the trading centre of the group. One of these towns,
Ramsay, is almost entirely Company owned and presents a picture of well-
painted, distinctive homes. This group of mines produces 38$ on the iron
ore produced in Michigan. For 50 years prior to 1910, Michigan led the
nation in tonnage of iron ore mined, surrendering that year to Minnesota,
when the enormous open-pit mines of the Mesabi Range were gotten into
production.
Tales of the wickedness of Hurley, V/isconsin, across the state line
from Ironwood, where "sin, suffering and saloons" are said to have made
it the "hell-hole" of the north during the early mining and lumbering days,
recall some of the efforts of the city fathers of this group of towns in
remedial precaution. A fine of <a>25 was decreed for "vagrancy and street-
Tour fr:36
3
walking", "indecent exposure of the poi\io<i" or for "driving or riding a
horse, running a train or bicycle faster than ten miles an hour." ^50 was
the price for "street or alley rioting" or "improper diversions and false
fire alarms". Those guilty of "delivering a cord of wood of less than
128 cubic feet" or "smoking on dynamite wagon" were subject to v100 pen¬
alty.
The modern cities in this group give many opportunities for the lesser
(and more comfortable) diversions and entertainments. Wakefield has a
community building built in 1922 at a cost of $4-00,000, where the social
life of the community centres. Bessemer has its Irondrome Amusement Hall,
where dances, skating tournaments and hockey games are regularly held.
Mount Zion Park in Ironwood, where the visitor may drive to the top
of the mountain, is recommended for its sunrises. This city has developed
its natural resources in scenic beauty and rough terrain into a park where
all that is enjoyable in winter activities may be taken advantage of.
Thrilling ski! trails, skating, snowshoeing and hiking are practiced here
by old and young.
The tourist should take time when in this district to visit the many
falls of the Presque Isle and Black rivers to the north along the Superior
shores and the falls on the Montreal to the west.
Conpiled by workers of the
Writers 1 P: egram of the Fork
Project Administration in the
State of Michigan,,
Abner E, Larned, State Administrator.
PeT our: DeTour, at the most easterly point
of Michigan's upper peninsula, at the mouth
cf the St. Mary's river, may be reached by
driving south from Sault Ste. Marie on HI29
27 miles, thence east and south on M-4o 29
miles. Here the boat traffic of Lakes
Huron and Michigan turns into the narrow
chann el which loads to Lake Superior . . ,, „ lrtl„ ,,
n~ + „ n j r- • 111cnilimackmac m the war of 1812, the
the French Detour, called Gi-wi-ae-o-n„-ning „ , , „ , „ , !
, ,, t-t. , ,. . „ , r . „ hrit.isn pflt.pnii.Qhpn Knrt, JrrnTwnrvnn in
by tno Indians, ootn nancs meaning "to turn."
A misspelling by map-makers in Lansing once
made a capital letter of the T in the name,
hence DeTour.
Drummond Island. This island is reach¬
ed by ferry. Automobile fare is $1.00
each x?ay, schedule as required. Island
drives are worth while. There are two
villages: Drummond, population 150, and
Maxton, much smaller.
This thickly wooded island has more
than 60 miles of shoreline, deep bays,
forty small lakes and fine trout streams
Deer, bear, partridge and ducks abound
during the hunting season.
After the loss of Michigan and For
DeTour was probably first visited by
French explorers in 1618 when Brule winte¬
red here. Jean Nicolet in his search for
the Northwest Passage to China passed these
headlands in 1634, as did Father Marguotto
and other Jesuit priests. It was an im¬
portant wooding station in the early steam¬
boat days. It now has one of the largest
coaling docks in the world, whore freighters
ma;- bunker hundreds of tons in minutes.
Sunken hulks of some of the first craft to
sail the lakes may bo seen in the clear
waters of its harbor. The remains of the
first Government lighthouse, built in 184.7,
arc on the point, now privately owned.
Across the channel to the north may
bo seen the ruins of Fort St. Joseph on the
Canadian island of that r.amo, built by the
British in 1796 in an effort to retain the
fur trade after the Revolutionary War. Fort
^Drummond, on the island across the channel.^
British established Fort Drummond in
1815, about one-half mile east of the
channel on the south shore of the island
It's ruins are highly interesting. This
was occupied until 1828, when boundary
line negotiations gave the island to the
United States, St.Joseph Island being
taken by Canada. Rev. George Luther,
who lives on the island during the sum¬
mer, has a large collection of relics
of the old fort and its cemetery.
At one time, members of the Mormon
colony who had been driven from the
Beaver Islands after the assassination
of King Strang (soc a later story), at¬
tempted to establish a colony hero
(1857), but the attempt failed.
An important feature of the island
is Potaganissing Bay, to the north. Ex¬
tending to St. Joseph Island, it is dot¬
ted with many rocky and wooded small
islands. The fishing in these waters
is excellent.
commodations are available.
Boats and overnight ac¬
ne a r the,
to haw
hide-
Espinore Isoand, said
out of a Spaniard who fled from American
justice after a career of piracy on the
lower Great Lakes.
Close to DeTour is a lar^c quarry
from which has boon taken quantities of
limestone, much of it having been used in
the construction of the Soo Locks and other
breakwaters.
Many boat trips of interest may be
taken from DeTour. Boats nay be chartered
for fishing trips among the bays and shoals
where bass, great northern pike, walleyes
and Mackinaw trout may be taken.
_Returning to Sault Stc. Marie, tl
"Visiuo —k ~-i4
through ci-o vf.
Cedarville, population 400, 24 miles,
and Ilessel, population 200, four miles
past the deeply indented bays and the
large group of Los Chenaux Islands.
Here is excellent fishing, with rausk-
ellong often taken. Hotels, cabin campc
boat liveries and guides are located
both on the islands and in the shore
villages. The journey continues west
along M-134 to its intersection with
U.S. 2, sixteen miles north of St.
Ignace, then north to Fort Brady, a
distance of 37 miles.
After the supply sergeant gave him one
more pair of CGC Rockwears, Private
Lange expressed an impulse to enlist for
three years, just to see if he could get
a pair of real non-fuzzy pants in that
time.
Captain Black has grown used to from
only one to seven hours sleep per night
without collapsing or even falling to
pieces. It is hoped he does not have
ideas about expanding this practice
throughout the company, as some of the
boys are not sure of their ability in
this respect and are not anxious to find
oat.
Privates IBACH AND PAVUR enjoyed
their quiet trip to Chicago and their
very quiet trip back. There is nothing
like digging right into hard work after
a good long vacation, is there, boys?
Or what do you know about that?
From what we hear, we have it that the
silent Sergeant Van Soest has himself a
heart-throb. She is even calling him o:
the phone.
We forgot to mention last week that
Corporals Filby and Bleice were enter¬
tained by the Sault Lions Club. This
was done to show the friendship of the
club toward the Battalion. We apprec¬
iate this very much.
It is generally assumed that the
dance last Saturday night was the most
successful thus far at the Fort. We are
grateful to the fine and numerous girls,
to Lt. C-rcunwood and Mrs. Hull for their
excellent arrangements, raid especially
to ourselves for furnishing that good
old manpower before and after. We are
hoping another company will sponsor a
bottJr dance soon—if they can.
"Mumps" Smith is a real whiz. He has
just figured out that three years is
three times as long as one year. Let's
have the Academy Award for Don, on this
one.
The entire company turned out Sunday
morning in tribute to Lt. r"ermuth and
his wife. We deeply regret Lt.Wermuth's
departure for duty in the Philippines.
There may be other lieutenants, but
never another Wermuth. We hope to hear
from him often.
That rumbling noise heard last Tues¬
day evening was "Charlie" Leavitt ex¬
pounding his theories on anything under
the sun to a spell-bound audience of
Reedy, Magier, Bercher, Eby and Evan-
golisto.
Seminoff, falling out of bed in the
daytime several times a week, caused the
first squad in the first platoon to
laugh loudly and so irritated Brake and
spoiled his concentration on subversive
literature. Good old community living.
Did you sec Vinu peeling the shirt from
Bedew's back last Saturday night, so he
(Vinu) would be dressed up to go out?
Believe it or not "Professor" Hack'
man, the half-pint sized truck driver
will be a June bride.
PTAK-What are you looking for McKenna?
McKENNA-Why, some (five words censored
here) stole my mattress.
MIsseri thought that when he return
from the Motor Mechanic's School he
would no longer would be used as a K.P
But, ah,lhow much a teacher experience
It looks as if Steiner will never
lwrn—Kenny is still top man in Barn¬
yard Golf, and has taken Abe to the
cloanc-r's more times than Abe has fing¬
ers and toes.
He welcome back to the Company, Corp.;
Travis, and hope that his return will
add the necessary strength to the Comp- !
any baseball team.
r
The Q.H. Detachment wishes to thank
Major Eeverski for the beer and sandwich¬
es he bestowed upon us on his promotion.
k good tine was had by all, thanks to
you Major.
The detachment wel cones Lieutenant
Erlenborn back after his recovery from
an accident which befell him a long time
QUARTERMASTER BASE BALL SONG
We are the Q.M., Q.M. base ball team
We are the best, and thebest you've
ever seen.
When wo get started, the starting never
ends,
f lie a]ways land on top.
Go team go, for MIKE is at bat
And when he hits that ball, there'll be
no ball at all
There'll be a hot time at the barracks
tonight.
P.S. Due to some grandstanding catches
by the Quartermaster base ball team,
the team boat the Woodpeckers by a
ago. Glad to have
Lieutenant.
you back with us,
score of 21-2.
fellows.
John- I he
That's just a sample,
Mike
What the well-dressed man will wear
in 19/-.2 is now being exhibited by none
other than E. P. Andersen of the detach¬
ment. We used to think women wore all
the varieties of colors, but no, E. P.
has them beat by a big margin.
This week, let's take an
imaginary tour through the
Fospital. "~o hope in this
way to cement a closer re¬
lationship between the Medical Detach¬
ment and the other organizations on this
fust.
Let's say you awaken some morning,not
feeling quite up to par, and decide to
go on sick call. Your port of entry will
be the outpatients' department. Hero
you will be examined by either Major
Rutledgc,Capt.Leininger,Lt.McCroady or
Lt.Miller. A diagnosis will be made and
essary, you will be hospit
) . V ;
ar you're in the army,
did you enlist voluntarily?
Mike- No,..John, I was selected by the
people of my community.
Mike- Say, Weir, I see your girl friend
is wearing your ring again.
Weir-Yes, wc kissed and made up, but it
was all her fault, mind you.
Mike-Yes, I know hour it is,wo-
-q 'men always got me m trouble tc
EDICA
Nurse Mattson, Nurse
(( ' Clemens or Nurse Mack.
EE' I *■■-)} ?( l( \1 * ' Wardmen are Wardmaster
Bisson and orderly
Rotto.
The
The pharmaceuticals arc compounded
by PFC Christie, who was a registered
pharmacist in civilian life, and x"/ho j
really knows his chemicals. The Lab is
presided over by Pvt. Wensel. He'll
stick you every chance he gets—but wc
mean with a hypo. If an X-ray is needew
PFC Schuster will shoot you--with the
X-ray machine.
If you have a toohache, Captain Rap-
shouici y<
operatiori, your confidence in tiVcn wouj
wc well justified. FFC Worby will type
the entry records and fill in any gene¬
ral information needed.
If you are hospitalized, you will re¬
side in either Ward A or B. Ward A now
being in a state of repair, the only
alternative is Ward B. Here your needs
will be gently ministered by either
icblv u
"id era vrquipiiiGnt. He
more teeth than he pulls. His assis¬
tant is Private Thein.
In the Record Office we find Tech.
Sgt. Frazier, who is in charge of all
enlisted personnel, and can quote Army
Regulations by the score. PFC Beauman
in charge of the sick and wounded re¬
cords, and Sergeant Daniels Company
Clerk, ably assitcd by Private Poison.
(Revised, coordinated and recomposed)
Shocked by reports and experiences of
guards lonely with uncommunicative priso-
rer-chasing, wearing out their reflexes
presenting arms at the main grate, and walk¬
ing in their sleep from boredom on post
number five, your compassionate humor edi¬
tor retired to his upper guardhouse bunk and
•"rug from his toes, in order that his ston-
rr.Ji might all go to his head. He was re¬
warded --ith a particularly effective dream
picture of the solution -which ho herewith
presents for the approval of his reader.
to the city fcr operations. Small radios
were carried en their backs for contact in
case of emergency, like another card playe
needed in the fire hall.
Post No. 3 Nov; all officers wore
easily recognized and as they passed thr¬
ough, they passed out books of canteen
4©hocks to the sentry at the gate. To ss
wear and tear on valuable sentries, an
easy chair and a radio wore provided. Arm
were presented no more. Instead, when a-
offficer arrived, the sentry merely pus;
a button and a big noon sign flashed these
Words: "Wo salute you sir, Go Thou thy
way. God bless thee."
No. 5 The post of culture. This
little out-post was centered high cn the
hill with afull view of the entire area
surronding the magazine. Standard equip
nent was one beach umbrella, one table,
one horse cn which tc gallop about the
area once during each watch, one typewrite
for those who want to write and record
thoughts, one Novachord organ upon which
to play (or player furnished cn request),
one easy chair, one Gorman shepard police
dog to scent trouble, one chow hound to
bring in the chow, and one telephone for
O.D. to make his appointments for visits.
5. Changing bf the guard was efficiently
accomplished by motorcycle. Buglers had
been exiled. Instead, loud speakers jjave
forth fine jive renditions on records of
the various calls as recorded by "Had Pipe
the post orchestra.
1. It was Saturday at 12:30 as wo started
preparing for guard mount. Hurriedly we '
pushed our oquiptmcnt and arms through the
automatic oquiptmcnt and pistol cleaning
machines and foil calmly out in front. From
thence wo reported to the front of the guard, m, , ,,
, _ x , 6. The guard "den" was
prince whore part ox our famous post orches-v . „ , „
_ + onG v;inS the "palace". Also there
was a soda fountain for thirsty guards,
hobb$ room for guards and prisoners whexw
pleasantly arran,
tvn was swinging with great fervor, that eld
favorite, "Cher, Cheer for good old Guard
-Punt." As the last strains died away ana ,, ...
, .... , _ ,, - , , ,, they could experiment freely with paper
••'•0 jmtterbugging of the old guards with the j ^ ^
prisoners had ceased, the guards tipped
their hats to the Officer of the Day. Then
+he officers paid their respects to each
ether. With cordialities of the officers
u-rcr, the prisoner with seniority rights
s:opped forward with a word of welcome to
the new guard on behalf of his colleagues.
Then after the guards had shaken hands with
all of the prisoners, those latter showed
the second and third reliefs into their
charming sound-and-light-conditioncd quar¬
ters, that they might siesta. L
dolls, distilling of liquid poisons and
the making of firecrackers; and finally
there -..'as a ballroom furnished with host¬
esses and a prisoner swing band led by the
provost sergeant. And to think that
some soldiers find life dull J
"GEE, she -..-rites mo
that she loves ne
from the bottom
of her heart.'"
"Yeh, and there's
always room for
another guy on
topi" '
^vcLHoremc
.sers bet oil
Ls oners
lasers Doxo|'k themselves to cho GOi-
iamond for t short game to iooseHup th^xr
useles for the afternoons -..or .
bout three-thirty, everyone_started to weak
ncluding the guards. The night
,ost No. 1 -..'as made by motorcycle, ..bout
!hreo minutes to a round. The St
rht it was tee bad to stick around -11 night
lust for a few minutes work. So they mc.de
their four rounds apiece in quick success¬
ion during early evening. Then they departed
OUR DISILLUSIONED CORPORAL SPEAKS
jj AGAIN: "I AM NOT GOING TO BEEF Mi¬
ll IICRE BECAUSE '"HEN I DO THEY CALL HE A
j HAM."
What Sergeant bocano homesick for
;i the bluegrass state when he saw one of
! his privates carrying his rifle hillbilly
i fashion at the Locks this reek?
• • •
BELIEVE IT CR NOT, SUIECH REFUSED
MONEY FROM OIC OF THE SHI? CAPTAINS AT
THE LOCKS FOR AN ACT OF COURTESY. THAT'S
C COMPANY FOR YOU.
• • • •
Company C is scheduled to play
baseball rith Company D Sunday afternoon
at 2;30. Let's have everyone out to give
the boys a hand. Tie boat Company D in
a practice game 12 to 9.
'.THAT'S BECOME OF THE FRIENDSHIP
BETWEEN PRIVATES HILAR0 AND LAVENDER?
COME ON FELLOE'S, LET'S PATCH IT UP AND
BE BUDDIES AGAIN.
• • •
Some people rill do anything to
got into the limelight, even to dropping
things in the Lock canals. He just can't
keep Parker out of the headlines.
• • • •
Dining-room elderly Cain has sug¬
gested a special collection be taken to
buy a co'.; for Pinglc in order to supply
hin rith the cream ho pours over all of
his food.
• • • a
Tt.'i "Dillar,, do you play 1Ae
) violin?"
Dillar : "No, sir, I do not."
Lt.: "Then got your hair cut."
THAT FAT AND"sAUCY CHASSIS,MATTY,
HAS BEEN MATCHING HIS P'S AND Q'S OF
LATE.
The reporter of this column wants to
thank the members of the Company for
their kind cooperation the last two
weeks. They have been definite and to
the point with their opinions and sug¬
gestions for this column.
Changes in the written examination
for appointment as a Flying Cadet tor,
those who have not had two years at an
accepted college or university have been
announced by the War Department, accord¬
ing to Maj. Gen. C.H. Bonesteel, command¬
ing the Sixth Corps Area with headquarter
in Chicago. The new requirements will
give candidates wider latitude in satis¬
fying the standards.
Formerly, in addition to a physical
test, prospective Army Air Corps Flying
Cadets were required to pass an examina¬
tion in 9 subjects in lieu of two years'
work at a recognized college or univer¬
sity. For the educational examination
scheduled for August 12, the first af¬
fected by the changes, the candidates wil
be required to take examinations in 7
subjects. Five of these are required
subjects, and for the other two subjects
the applicant is allowed to choose from
a list of five. Required subjects are as
follows: English composition and grammar:
arithmetic; Algebra; Plane geometry and
Plane Trignomotry.
The student may choose any two of the
following subjects to complete his list
of seven subjects: United States History
General History; Elementary physics; In¬
organic Chemistry and any modern language
except English.
Under the old examination a passing
grade in three of these subjects, United
States, history, general history and el¬
ementary physics, was required. The in¬
clusion of inorganic chemistry and a mo>
ern language is a new provision. Examir.
tion in geography has been dropped.
Army Air Corps Flying Cadet applicant
who show successful allege completion
of any of the Subjects given in the educe
tional examination rill receive credit fo
a grade for a grade of SO per cent. For
the entire examination a passing grade is
70 per cent.
The educational examinations are given
A times a year and generally require 3
days for completion. About 2,500 candi¬
dates competed in each of the last two
examinations. Examinations are given b;
boards at 5A stations and cities in the
United States and its possessions.
Information on examinations in the 6th
Corps area, may bo obtained by writing tc
the Commanding General, 6th Corps Area
U.S.Post Office Bldg., Chicago, Illinois.
the do-tut of Casey Duda,
farm-hard, who vas
COIll ANY B TROUNCES COMPANY A; 18 fcc
Sluggers from Company B contiued their success-^ jp
ful jaunt through the post grapefruit league by
pounding out sn 18 to 4 victory over the boys from
Company A. ,
Company A used four pitchers while Company
B called on tea. hur'iovs in this runfost. The
battle also ma; .loo
St. Louis Cardinal
only Company A thrower to hold th
in chock.
BATTERIES
Co. A: ILnot, Hundley, Plane'.a, Duda
and Wccd-
Co. Bj Button, Prinzol and Anderson
P..ILL SCHEDULE COMPLETED
Following is a complete baseballs
and softball schedule for the
season.
baseball (1st mund)
vs. £K'. A- June 4
Co. C.- dune 7
Hdq. Co.
Co. B vs
Co» D vs
Co.
Co.
Qi'IC
Cc.
Co.
Co.
r,: ,
ii. VS o
C vs.
vs.
C vs,
B vs,
v
Cc.,
Co,
Fdq.
B- June 11
D- June 14
, Cr.— June 15
Co. A- June 18
Co. JJ',rC- June 21
D vs. Hdq. Co.- June 22
D vs. Co. B- June 25
VFC vs. Cc. A- June 28
Co. C vs. Hdq. Cc.- Juno 29
Ce. B vs. C... July 2
Co.. B vs. Hdq. Co.- duly 5
Co. c vs. ^MC- July 6
2nd Ro und
I-Idq. Cc. vs. Ce. A- July 7
C" . B vs. C'- . C- July 10
Ce.D vs. 51IC- July 13
C . vs. Cc-. B- July 14
Ce. C vs. Cc. D- July 17
♦ too. Cc -July
Co. B vs. 4.1:C- JulyjSl
Cc . C vs. Ale. A- July 24
Co. D vs. Hdq. Co.- July 27
Co. D vs. Cc.. B- July 28
Co. C vs. Iidq. Co.- July 31
QI-cC vs. Co. A- Aug. 3
Co. D vs. Co.- irag. 4
Co. B vs. Hdq. Co.- Aug. 7
Co. C vs. C-LC- Aug. 10
I
r
SOFTBALL SCHEDULE
Hdq. Co. vs. Co. A- June 7
Co. B vs. Co. C- June 8
Cc. D vs. QMC-Med.- June 11
CCCji. vs. CCCB- June 14
Co. vs. Co. B- Juno 15
Co. C vs. Co. D- June 18
C,LIC vs. CCCi.- June 21
CCCB vs. Hdq. Co. Juno 22
Co. B vs. Co. D- June 25
Co. A vs. CMC- June 28
Co. C vs. CCCE- Juno 29
CCCA vs. Hdq. Co.-July 2
Co. C vs. "j'C- July 5
CCC-. vs. Co. i- July 6
CCCB bs. Co. „- July 7
Hdq. Co. vs. Co. D- July 10
Ce. D "s. CCC„- £uly 13
CCCB vs. Co, B- July 14
rj.;C vs. Hdq. Co. July 17
Co,
Co.
CI C
Co.
Co.
Co.
Co.
Co.
c J- C
D -As
. o -
vs,
vs.
Cf " C°- lii.i' 2Q~
CCCB - July 'h~
, r - July 24
July 27
-i1-':, Co.- July 28
Hole- July 31
Co. D- j.ugust 3
. CCCA- August 4
CCCB - .august 7
NOTE: The CCC's will supply two teams.
The C„.'iC and Medical Dot. will
combine.
ft
i
isK;
\
\
A :
\ i
r,
juihe
i
Si
1 , !,c jc^
<=r
i
The Signal Detachment wishes to thank
Company "B1! for the very nice dance they
sponsored at the Post gym last Saturday
night.
One of the city telephone operators
is all ri.ght--ask Corporal Slevin. He
met her at the- dance and she has changed
his mind about the city operators. What
will the little girl back home think,
Dick?
Congratulations to Rollingor on his
promotion to Sergeant.
Bill Little has a very expensive
wrist watch. He pays a half a dollar a
mcnth on it. r"hich pawn shop is it in
this month, Bill?
Dolly Frisk, our office girl, is
learning to operate the switchboard, so
don't be too surprised when you hear a
feminine voice when you pick up the
'phone in the afternoon.
f
Sergeant Rolliriger of the Ordnance,
was dancing every dance with a different
girl the other night. You will have to
tell us how you do it, Rollinger. We
may want to try yo"r system at the next
dance.
It would be greatly appreciated if
the people using the post telephones
would speak with a little less volume.
The noise in the ear-phones at times
sounds like a blitzkrieg.
Clell Proffitt—I'm not getting married.
Bill Little—Who is drunk?
Polk Miller-Let's get to work, Wagner.
D STRICT
Co
Fingerprinting and photographing
of persons authorized admittance to the
Lock Grounds was the first step taken
to the inauguration of the new pass sys
torn. Passes will be in badge form, with
the photograph and assigned number visi¬
ble for ready identification. Differ¬
ent colors will be assigned to various
types of workers and other persons who
operate within the Canal Grounds.
The monthly visit of Inspector J.
Hove to District Headquarters, made
last Saturday, was the second in a ser¬
ies of tours of the area planned by the
Inspector. He was accompanied by Mrs.
Howe, and Corporal Trusket of the RCMP.
Inspector Howe is charged with protec¬
tion of Dominion interests in a district
similar to the District of Srult Ste.
Marie. Ho is a member of the Royal
Canadian Mounted Police.
Colonel Fred T. Cruse, the Dis¬
trict Commander, accompanied by Lt.
Col. Soderholm, Fort Brady Commanding
Officer, attended the Upper Peninsula
National Defense Committee meeting at
Ishpeming on Lay 21. Under discussion
were plans for better coordination of
defense activities in the Upper Penin¬
sula.
District Headquarters was visited
last week by the Assistant Chief of
Staff, G-A, Headquarters Sixth Corps
Area, Lt. Col. A. L. HAMBLEN, GSC. Cc"
oncl Hamblen inspected Fort Brady, the
Locks area, and the Leetu Si; Rock Cut.
He was aceompnnied by I.t, Col. Spauldinp
who will succeed him as Corps Area G-A.
Col. Hanfcl .n las been ordered to duty
with the C- a .■ral Staff in Washington,
and leaves ? tartly to assume his new-
position,
FLASH—It Col. J. V. He'V'htciirg
and Mrs. Kouglrcaling are tnc proud
parents of a baby girl born at 9 o'clr
Thursday morning. Wo offer congratui
tions,
PFC Harasim is Army, Heart and Soul.
| He is still dancing in cadence.
CORPORAL BLOCM SEE'S TO HAVE SOLE UN-
! CANNY BS&ITCKING HOVERS T7ITI-I THE Y/OMEN.
j ALL HE HAS TO DO IS HOLD UP THREE FINGERS
! AMD THE WOMEN HILL DANCE WITH HIM, HE
SAYS.
Marty Heir says that his heart be¬
longs to Mary Jane, but after seeing him
, dance ruth every pretty girl on the floor
i last Saturday and singing softly to them,
we wonder.
If the true-blue sweethearts, waiting
at h~>ne for their dears to cone home from
the .Army, could see their beloved soldiers
now, we doubt if they would continue wait¬
ing for them, eh Mayor?
Chop, chop, chop. 17c bet that we
have the best "hackers" on the Post, con¬
sisting of two soldiors—PFC's Hadloy and
McLood.
I Memorial Day is going to bo a swell
'day for Privates Schwartz, Bisscll, I.Ieycr
j and I-Iaxzon. Their girl friends are coming
I hero for the week-end.
Now that wo are going on the range
next week, we wonder if those certain ser¬
geants will live up to the sharpshooter
I medals they are always rearing. ,
V—' "V ^ { ~ —
CcrporajL Kryda rag sitting in tne
booth on Fost 5, whan somebody called to
him. He immediately ran to the window and
stuck his head out to see who it was. The
moral of the story is: Corporal, raiso
the window before you answer.
THOSE INTERESTED IN PLAYING 12-INCH
'SOFTBALL, SEE STEVE KERKES AND TELL HIM
WHAT POSITION YCU MOULD LIKE TO PLAY.
and they boys at Company "A" are certain
ly glad of it. They say that listening
to lectures and getting in and out of I
gas masks are nothing at all.
He are all beginning to think that
after A months of hustle and bustle, and
doing strange things, we have reached
the point where we may consider our¬
selves a well-functioning part of the
Army of the United States. Perhaps now
we may be at the point where we can set
tie down and do our work without so mar.
diversified interruptions of routine. W
also are beginning to think wo know wha
it is all about. Whether we do or not
can best be determined by the comments of
the Officers. Anyhow, the idea that we
are part of a functioning unit has given
the fellows the feeling that the army
isn't as bad as we thought it was the
first few months, and we think that if we
all get together and have some sort of
group recreation and athletic contests,
the Army won't be such a bad place after
all. What say fellow, let's get out and
play some baseball in our spare moments,
and stop sitting on the bunk worrying
abort what is going on back home. So
come on fellows and let Is make it the
best place to be at the present time.
P.S. Even Tiny Carra is getting plenty
of fatigue duty, and at home he says that
he never could find enough work to do.
Dilsaver's girl friend is complaining
that the i^rmy is rr^nipjg the jpen_^of
America. It seems that when "Red" goes
out on a date, he has a heck of a time
keeping awake after 9 o'clock. Maybe she
should try giving him black coffee or
something.
Flash: What Lieutenant is known as the
Quiz Master of the Locks?
Pvt. Brown has feet that are as flat as
-our pocketbooks at this time of the month.
■w
r 5K ... ! J,|, '.nunc f ! :i:..
5. Oy-tf' : .] •'' oil i l:I I iWvM" V
•• -• -,»«# • «■.. •. ;;i !l:W|C c
7*> /»^<--v ✓e .,'ii'1■■ _3bl• __ -M
1
end
"} or r
for (;<
their guests on Monday nigut,
June 2.
Lieut en? nt.
rr.uth left Fort
lie has been trensferrec. to
the Philippines end has left
1''r Jhat station. Mrs. Wer-
i ' ha is a nurse and expects
..r 'i'3 to be seat to the Phil¬
ip;- .nes in the very near fu
ture.
Officers' Social Events
for next m.rk include the
7: 3 orr.al Sport Lknce this
•Ik rarday night and a. Ladies
bridge Luncheon on June 3 ait
.1:30 P.13. The Club members
enjoyed an informal juke box
dance last Saturday evening
at the Officers' Club.
*******
Mr. and Mrs. H. M. Olkowski
of Three Lakes, Wisconsin, are
guests of Lt, and Mrs. A. H.
Oestroich this week-end.
Don't forget the Informal
"Sports" Dance at the Club
Saturday night.
-pi?'" > u^Yx'by*''.■ 1 tL ( viV"^
I'aVV 'L .a v--, . f>- J, ,\ ov
a-Y,,
Several members of the Post have
been doing some real golfing lately at
the Country Club. Lt. Devine, Colonel
Nelson, Cert. Geisler and Lt. Cassady
a, .'.'o been killing "birdies" at the Club,
Watch for the announcement
---^-sr-Jof the "FORTY-NINERS" party for
li officers and guests in the near future,
fIs is planned that the gymnasium will be
I decorated and equipped to resemble an
I old-time amusement parlor of the mining
ij days. Costumes of the day will be worn
ij and it is planned to have such games as
'■ fare, blackjack, dice and roulette, plus
he Country Club h CiS been very generous dancing for the guests.
with their offer for Officer membership
and anyone interested can get in touch
with Lt. Cassady for further details.
*******
C-uests at a dinner held Wednesday
evening ft the home cl Colonel and Mrs.
i'red T. Cruse were Lt, Gel. and Mrs.
Soderholm, Mrs. Nolsen, It.Col. and Mrs,
JIa.hn.Lt. Col. and Mrs. Koughtaling, Lt.
a he" la-s.^haarplcss~ and ~Ltr. €"61. and,
Col,
Mrs,
DeLangton.
*******
Mrs. R. R. McCready left Tuesday
for Chicago for an extended visit with
relatives and friends.
* * * *
A group of Officers and their
wives spent '"odnosday night skating.
This sport is fast gaining in popularity!
among the,- Officers, and it has been
suggested that Monday night of each
week be set aside at the rink as Fort
18
********
Major Eechtold was the principal
speaker at the Memorial Day services in
Iron River.
**********
District and Fort Staff officers,
and
their wives
Tlarie-WSiderrtrs- were
and Mrs. J.V. Plough! •
noon for tea and a on
number of Sault Ste.
e sts —
,g, Sunday after-
.ffet lunch.
***********
Lt. Col. J.rR", e and Lt.Col, Nelsen
left V.'ednesc y no-ning on the Ossipee
j for a week's tr\'~ to Isle Rc-yale. They
' plan to fi si" for Lake trout sometime on
the trip. Good 3wck to you both.
\\Tr> '
as Ann Koughtaling,
I., r iki Kaugiitaliwg. at
morning in War Memorial
Hospital. May we offer congratulations
The For
born to Lt
9:02 Thursday
AN ANNOUNCEMENT OF
SATURDAY, Fa-- 31
Double Feature at Post
Theatre-
LADDIE-Tiri Felt and
Joan C: rroli
shadows t:j stairs-
Fricda I nor e>' rt and
Paul Cavanii j'-'h
SUNDAY, Jump 1
Postf'Thcnm "hOVF, TKI
1IEJGF30R-J: ck B.amy-
Frod Allen and r.Iarv
.... i
i'.artm, i
Chapel Service at 10:00'
A.I.!. Theme-:,The Venning
of Pentecost", Sponsor:
Headquarters Co,.'J any.
Memorial Sundry services at '7:QQ P.!',. at
Post Theatre with the Veteran's Associa-
:n, \ 'I *' {**i:
S
The following was re¬
ceived from Post Head¬
quarters for the infor¬
mation of all soldiers
at Fort Brady--"Elkski
shoes are not to be we
T/ith the uniform. We
hope it isn't nocessar'
to add that v.'hite shoe
two tone shoes, tennis
shoes, etc., are not
regulation either."
*
x
by Jog Bercher
Lon of Sault Ste. I.c
as guests.Com¬
pany.
it p i:
will sponsor. Special Music will
Li furnished by Immanuel Ev. Lutheran
Church and the Salvation Army.
Sunday Masses at St. Mary's Church at 6,
7:30," 9, 10 and 11:30 A.M.
MONDAY, June 2
Catholic Services at Post Theatre at 6:15
F, M,
A free movie "FLYING CADETS" will be shown
at the Post Theatre, at 7:00 P.M. THERE
VEIL BL ONE SHOWING ONLY.
Til..'DAY, June 3
Pest Theatre-CAPTAIN CAUTION -
Victor Mature, Louise Piatt and Leo
Carrilo.
WEDNESDAY, June A
llr movie at Pest Theatre.
THURSDAY. June 5
Post Theatre-
VICTORY-Frederic March, Betty Field and
Sir Cedric Hardwicke
FRIDAY-Jun,
BLACKOUT-Conrad Vcidt and Valerie"
Hobson.
xxxxx-x-xxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
ATTENTI0N OF POST PERSONNEL IS INVITED TO
THE ANNOUNCEMENT THAT BEGINNING WEDNESDAY
JUNE A, THE POST THEATRE WILL SHOW NO
MOVIES ON WEDNESDAY NIGHTS UNTIL FURTHER
NOTICE.
MONDAY NIGHT, JUNE 2,
1941, will be "Fort Nigh
at the Northland Roller
Skating Rink. The rink will be reserv¬
ed for the EXCLUSIVE use of the Officer
their wives and guests. The public wi!
be excluded. All interested Officers
are asked to get in touch with Lt. 0. K
Ripplinger, by calling him on phone num
ber 37, to enable him to determine the
number of people going. The time for
this night is 8:15 P.M.
Library Notes- Nov; that everyone is
familiar with the location of the lib¬
rary, the circulation of the books is
picking up. The library contains "An
American Doctor's Odyssey" by Victor
Reiser, "It Can't Happen Here" by Sin¬
clair Lewis, and a number of more book-
that are best sellers,
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx*
Attendance at Chapol Service Sunday, Kaj
25, 1941:
Headquarters Co. - - - - 1
Company "A" - - - - - --2
Company "3" ------ 15
Company "C" 1
Company "D" ------ 1
Medical Dot. ------ 6
Officers --------6
~ diviiiV'iis ----- - - "IQ ~
Total 41
Attendance at Catholic Service, Monday,
May 26, 1941:
Headquarters Company - 3
Company "I." " 1
Company "C" 6
Company "D" 1
Total 11
OR IA L
0
{es
L
y
EDDIE O'BRIEN
It's r.nothcr week ana another
issue. It seems but a short time
ago that our first paper made its
appearance but today we publish
our tenth. Each Friday morning wo
an amazed when wo look upon the
finished products waiting to be
distributed o J.O. lthough we do not
claim to h:.wc the best Army paper
in the Sixth Corps Area (not in
print anyway) there is no doubt
in our minds that wo have a con¬
sistently functioning paper that
has been steadily improving since
its inception.
Last week we were out at
Rexford battling mosquitoes and
this week we're at the oost batt¬
ling dishes*. The Army certainly distributs
variety.
We have something here that escaped
the sharp eyes of our omniscient staff:
A bridal shower was given Wednesday
night in the post gymnasium by Mrs. Fred
Keb and Mrs. L.A. Meyers for Miss Lucillo
Jablonski of Midland whe will be wed Juno
4 at St. Mary's Church to Sgt. Llcyd
Meyers of pest Headquarters. Congrats,
Llcyd.
Pert Brady ¥.111 enter two teams in the
City Soffball League. Men from Companies
A and B, and C and D will combine t' play
games while eithcrtcam is on guard.
After observing sentries dedging rain-
dr-ps we compounded the groat idea cf rain
hats. Theso hats wruld be detachable .,nd
would prove a groat been t . the guards
whose only protection from the elements is
a field cap that covers very little of
the head area..
jt.Col.N.L. SODERHOLM
Post Commander
Managing Editor
Dally Bard
Lt.Col.J.V. Houghtaling
Da strict News Editor
l.Mjor 17. C. Bechtold
Post Executive and Public
Relations Officer
Lt. J. E. Johnson
PostTIntc^^igeTTi
oe ana
Publications Officer
Lt. A. K. Oestreich
Officer's Page Editor
— "~LK T. G. -§ass53y"
Morale Officer
Production Editor
Joe Bercher
Assistant Editor
Tony Mrniere
Sports Editor
Tiny Carra
Larry Hadlt-y Sports
Larry O'Brien Sports
Ernest Bamberger News
Dick Osuch Hqrs. Co.
John Ptak Hers. Co.
Corles Goff Co. A
George Libolt Signal Det.
Editor-in Chief--Eddie O'Brien
REPORTERS
A1 Ibach
...... Co. B•
Bill MacLean Co. C
Bill Kobetz Co. D
Mart Goldberg Med. Det.
Daily Adamowicz QMC Det.
R. P. Bragg Dist. Hqrs.
Val Brake Humor Editor
.»i|\ I#/ i. ■ #3®;; ■
I ''
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