«- A ■■—' <3 fc ej> 694 REPORT SMITHSONIAN EXCHANGES YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1887. GEORGE H. BOEHMER. FROM THE SMITHSONIAN REPORT FOR 1886-'87. WASHINGTON: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 1889. APPENDIX TO THE SECRETARY'S REPORT. REPORT ON SMITHSONIAN EXCHANGES FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1887. By Geo. H. Boehmer. I. Smithsonian Exchanges. Personnel and duties.—In prosecuting the plans recommended for the execution of the duties devolving on the exchange division, the services of some of the clei-ks became superfluous, and on the 1st of April, 1887, they wer^ assigned to duty in other departments of the Institution. The assistants to the exchange clerk now are: 1. Mi1. F. Y. Berry, who receives, receipts for, acknowledges by postal card, verifies, and journalizes all incoming exchanges; who ships all foreign and government exchanges, and writes out the shipping orders and announcements to the transportation companies and dis¬ tributing ageuts. 2. Mr. H. A. Farker, who assists Mr. Berry, and in addition keeps a card catalogue of the titles of official publications received from the Public Printer as provided for by law. 3. Mr. C. W. Shoemaker, who records all exchange transactions by (a) entering in day-book; (b) posting on ledger cards; (c) making out invoices; (d) recording acknowledgments; (e) entering letters. 4. Mr. A. F. Adams, who assists Mr. Shoemaker in the execution of the above duties. 5. Mr. M. A. Tolson, who attends to the shipping of packages for do¬ mestic distribution, and in addition assists Mr. Berry in shipping foreign exchanges. My own regular duties are: (a) The supervising of the service in all its branches. (b) The receiving of all exchange letters, acting on the same accord¬ ing to instructions, and preparing replies or memoranda for replies, by the corresponding clerk. •29 30 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. (c) The translation of foreign letters and documents. (d) The verifying of requests from abroad, for Smithsonian publica¬ tions, including the issuing of orders for the same and the keeping of an account of every Smithsonian publication sent abroad. A quarterly abstract of this account is submitted to the Chief Clerk. (e) The preparation of a card catalogue, from the old records, show¬ ing the distribution of the volumes of Contributions to Knowledge and of the Miscellaneous Collections since the establishment of the Institu¬ tion. (/) The preparation of a scientists' directory. (g) The preparation, for ready reference, of bibliographical informa¬ tion relating to the titles of the publications of foreign establishments in correspondence with the Institution. (h) The execution of any work assigned by the Secretary, the Assist¬ ant secretaries, and the Chief Clerk. A very important duty, under this last head, intrusted to me by Pro¬ fessor Langley, the acting and assistant secretary, was that of collecting and arranging all the information relating to the proposed plan for the increase of the Smithsonian library, and to report on the results of the inquiry. The report submitted on the subject represents two divisions : I. In¬ quiry. II. Result. The first division, that of inquiry, is again subdivided into two sec¬ tions, of which the first shows, in brief, abstracts of all transactions of consequence connected with the scheme, to the number of two hundred, including the report, and representing, as recorded in full in the jour¬ nal, 475 folio pages of manuscript. Part 2 represents a list of persons addressed on the subject, by circular letter or otherwise, and their re¬ spective replies, as indicated by the number corresponding to each document in the journal. Three hundred letters were written and 174 replies received, as follows: Letters to curators of the National Museum 26 Replies 22. Letters to others 274 Replies 152 Section 2, or part 3, of the report represents the results of the replies received, in the form of a geographical arrangement, based on the ex¬ isting list of foreign correspondents, of the titles obtained, together with the number of recommendations on each case. Of this the follow¬ ing condensed statement is presented : REPORT OX EXCHAXGES. 31 Country. Titles. Refer¬ ences. AFRICA. Algeria 3 4 Cape Colonv 1 1 Egypt o 4 AMERICA. British 44 61 United States S66 1.445 Mexico S 10 Argentine Republic 11 16 Brazil , 9 11 Chili 4 4 Colombia 1 1 Costa Rica 2 2 Ec nador 1 1 Venezuela 1 1 ASIA. China 3 4 India 23 31 Japan 9 13 Java o 3 AUSTRALASIA. Xew South Wales 7 13 Queensland 1 1 South Australia 1 I Tasmania 1 'J Coontrv. Titles. Victoria 5 New Zcalaud 7 ECROPE. Austria-Hungary 124 Belgium 06 Denmark 14 Eranee 439 Germany t' '9 Great Britain and Ireland 449 Greece 4 Iceland 1 Italy 154 Netiierlands 57 Norway 19 Portugal 19 Koumauia 9 Russia 59 Servia 1 Spain 35 Sweden 26 Switzerland 51 Turkey 1 Books 33 Books in west room of Parent Office library (Document Xo. 14s ap¬ proximate 4i l Total 3,544 Refer¬ ences. 6 19 IBS 105 90 645 993 S09 9 •i 917 49 31 90 9 74 1 3S 44 66 1 34 700 5, 730 A subject arrangement of alt the titles obtained, iu form of a card catalogue, is in course of preparation, and of this 1 beg to give a sum¬ mary, showing the number of recommendations received on any of the branches of science designated in the original plan : Subject. Agriculture Animal products and fisheries... Aril .eulogy Arch.eok gy and art Architecture Architecture and engineering Art Asscricl >gy Astrouomy Botany Brewing aud distillations Birds Bridge engineering Chemistry C heinistry and physics Civil engineering Classical philology Comparative anatomy Re er- euces. Subject. Refer¬ ences. 72 Costumes 3 51 Education - 192 6 Education of deaf aud dumb ■> 90 Electri.-itv CO 10 Electrical engineering .»•> . Electrorvping 6 46 Engineering 59 26 5 1 Engineering and industries E'hics 72 4 3 3 30 Ethuologv 160 2 Fenc ing . 49 Gas 2 12 General science 9 105 Geograpliv 340 14 16 54 Historical science 32 1 History 97 35 Industries....... I 12 32 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. Insects Instruments of precision International law Invertebrate palaeontology Librarian's art aud bibliography Literature, ancient and classical Litlinlogy Logic Machine construction Mammals Marine invertebrates Mathematics Mathematics and algebra Mechanical engineering Mechanics and machinery Medicine and surgery Metallurgy Marine engineering Metaphysics and psychology Microscopy Military engineering Military sciences Mineralogy. Mineralogy, chemistry, and physics Mining Mining and metallurgy Music Naval architecture Naval arts Naval engineering Naval machinery SO Numismatics. 2 Orduance 6 Paper and printing Ill) Patents 150 Pedagogy 72 Philology 68 Photography 7 Physics 10 Political economy 58 Political science 50 Prime motors 16 Psychology 27 Railroad 1^ Reptiles 5 Sanitary engineering 7 Social science Sport Statistics Telegraphy Textile and dyeing Theology Trade Wind engines Johns Hopkins University ex¬ change list Patent Othce Library, west room, list of books 24 10 13 19 17 36 50 39 101 3 8 2~ 113 Less duplication of titles . 12 11 Total 13 15 4 11 33 16 13 14 3 41 7 23 7 10 8 24 5 80 1 3 170 17 4 805 700 5,756 26 5,730 As shown by the geographical arrangement, 3,501 distinct titles, rep¬ resenting 5.730 references, were reported by the collaborators, and it was part of my instructions to ascertain how many of these were already correspondents of the Institution. Subtracting from the number of titles the 400 approximated from the unclassified list of books in the west room of the Pateut Office Library, and the 800 published in the United States, 2,32S foreign serials remain, and of these 792, or 34 per cent., occur in our list of foreign correspond¬ ents, which number, however, will be increased to some extent by the correction of titles, given in many cases but very indistinctly, and by the assignment to the proper society on the list of correspondents of magazines aud journals properly to he designated under the name of the society: and it is believed that upon that correction nearly one-half of all the foreign titles given may be considered as correspondents of the Institution. I beg here to state that owing to the press of routine duties all the work connected with the library inquiry has been performed by me in my leisure hours. Work performed.—During the past year 01,940 packages, represent¬ ing a weight of 141.203 pounds, were received. Of these 10,294 were REPORT ON EXCHANGES. 33 for domestic distribution, and these were sent out through the United States Post-Office. The remainder was for foreign and Government distribution, requiring 092 packing-boxes with a bulk of 4,122 cubic feet. The total number of entries were, for domestic exchanges 20,590, and for the foreign branch 5L,917 entries. The ledger shows 9,561 running accounts, of which 7,396 are with cor¬ respondents abroad and 2,165 with domestic establishments and individ¬ uals. For foreign transmission 15,298 invoices required to be written, of which 12,430 were returned properly receipted, and which had to be credited on the respective accounts. Of domestic invoices 4,924 were returned by consignees and entered. Letters received during the year 1,131, and 1,217 were written. In the following table I beg to give a detailed statement of the amount of work performed during each month of the year: Work performed during the fiscal year 18S6—'87. July. August. Sep¬ tember. October. Novem¬ ber. Decem¬ ber. Packages received : Number Weight Entries made: Foreign Domestic Ledger cards: Foreign 3,571 19, 892 3,168 1,974 6,183 14,258 8,812 1,800 3,761 10,222 4,108 1,840 3,425 9,012 2,582 2,838 11,026 15,504 1,828 •2,148 4,339 11,887 5,064 1,314 Domestic Domestic packages sent Invoices written Cases shipped abroad Receipts recorded: Foreign 9-7 1,126 103 1,020 596 97 131 900 1,398 65 1,018 158 105 38 920 1,124 42 1,418 1,048 30 1,226 501 53 14 1,074 467 58 1,230 500 96 103 657 1,880 49 4,474 882 102 30 Domestic Letters recorded Letters written 448 82 25 Jan¬ uary. Feb¬ ruary. March. April. May. June. Total for year. Packages received: Number Weight Entries made: Foreign Domestic Ledger cards: 3,505 8, 646 4,642 1,722 2,754 7,393 3,430 1,210 12,238 15,711 2,706 1,598 2,531 9,512 2,684 2, 326 3,183 11,322 3, 712 618 5,124 17,204 9,181 1,202 61,940 141,263 51,917 20,590 7, 396 2,165 10,294 15,288 ■ 692 1-2,430 4,924 1,131 1,217 Domestic packages sent. Invoices written Cases shipped abroad .. Receipts recorded: Foreign Domestic Letters recorded Letters written 861 959 38 874 381 101 88 605 551 29 189 84 81 159 799 897 71 296 196 96 195 1,163 837 21 852 620 108 141 309 1,464 91 673 255 132 156 601 3,537 95 573 303 78 137 H. Mis. 600 3 34 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. Transportation companies.—The only change which has taken place in the relations of the Institution to the transportation companies extend¬ ing the privilege of free freight on all Smithsonian exchanges was caused by the dissolution of the Monarch Line, plying between Loudon and New York. Satisfactory arrangements, however, have been made with Messrs. Barber & Co., of New York, to forward the cases to London at a mere nominal charge, while the incoming cases from England con¬ tinue to be transported free of cost, by the Cunard and Inmau Lines. A full list and account of the transportation lines to which the Insti¬ tution is indebted for the privilege of free freight was given in the Smithsonian .Report lor 1S8G. Centers of distribution.—No changes have taken place among the dis¬ tributing agents abroad, all of whom deserve the warmest thanks for the prompt and efficient manner in which they have discharged their mostly voluntary duties. For a complete list of agents for the distribution of Smithsonian ex changes, I beg to refer to the report for 1886. Shipments made to foreign countries.—With the increase in the busi¬ ness a more rapid method of intercourse had to be devised, aud now the shipments have become very frequent, with but very short inter¬ vals. The following table exhibits the dates of transmissions during the present year to each of the foreign countries corresponding with the Institution: Shipments to foreign countries. Country. Algeria Argentine Republic Austria-Hungary ... Belgium Bolivia Brazil British America British Colonies Cape Colony Chili China Colombia, United States of Costa Rica Cuba Denmark Ecuador Egypt France Date. December 16,1886. July 29, November 8, 1886 ; January 24, June 27, 1887. July 23, August 25, September 14, October 15, December , li, December 27, 1886 ; January 29, February 10, Feb¬ ruary 25. March 11, April 19, May 3, May 12, May 19, June 1, June 18, June 30, 1887. July 28, September 28, December 14, 1886; January 18, February 16, May 23, June 20, June 29, 1887. September 7, 1886. July 30, November8, 1886; January 24, June 27, 1887. August 5, August 17, October 25, November 11, December 3, December 17, 1886; March 22, 1887. August 5, November 6, 1886. December 16, 1886. July 30, 1886; January 24, June 27, 1887. February 21, 1887. July 31, 1886. August 1, 1886. March 19, 1887. July 28, September 27, 1886 ; February 18, June 25,1887. July 31, 1886; January 24, 1887. December 16, 1886. July 26, August 25, September 11, September 14, Octo¬ ber 21, November 24, December 3, December 14, 1886; January 18, January 28, February 10, February 25, March 25, March 31, May 2, May 9, May 12, May 19, J una 14, June 18, June 30, 1867. REPORT ON EXCHANGES. Shipments to foreign countries—Continued. 35 Country. Germany. Great Britain and Ireland. Greece Guatemala Hayti Holland ... Iceland India .. Italy .. . Japan.. Mexico. New South Wales Now Zealand Norway Peru Portugal Queensland Russia Sandwich Islands. South Australia .. Spain Sweden Switzerland Surinam Tasmania ... Turkey Uruguay Venezuela... Victoria West Indies . Date. July 23, August 11, August 25, September 14, October 15, December 11, December 16, December 27, 1886; Janu¬ ary 7, January 20, February 10, February 25, March 11, March 16, April 19, May 3, May 13, May 19, June 1, June 14, June 18, June 30, 1887. July 21, August 11, September 5, October 18, December 9, December 18, December 29, 1886; January 27, Febru¬ ary 11, March 12, April 5, April 21, May 3, May 13, May 19, May 20, June 2, June 14, June 18, June 28, 1887. February 18, June 24, 1887. April 1, 1887. March 19, 1887. July 30, November 1, 1886 ; January 31, May 23, June 21, 1887. September 27, 1886 ; February 17, 1887. July 13, August 3, November 11, 1886 ; February 21,1887. July 26, September 22, November 23, 1886; January 8, January 17, March 17, April 29, May 21, June 18,1887. August 3, November 11, 1886; February 21, March 14, 1887. July 27, August 5, October 29, November 28, 1886; Jan¬ uary 21, June 25, 1887. August 2, November 6, 1886 ; May 27, 1887. August 2, November 6, 1886; May 28, 1887. July 2, July 29, August 25, 1886; March 15, June 11, June 21, 1887. July 31. 1886; January 24, 1887. August 5, September 29, 1886; February 19, June 21, 1887. August 2, November 6, 1886; May 27, 1887. July 27, September 30, December 1, 1886; January 18, February 2, April 28, May 12, May 24, June 20, 1887. July 31, 1886. August 2, November 6, 1886. August 3, September 28, 1886; February 19, May 25, June 24, 1887. July 6, July 27, September 25, 1886; March 26, April 25, May 25, June 24, 1887. July 29, October 30,1886; February 1, April 29, June 20, 1887. September 21,1886; January 24, 1887. November 6, 1886. July 28, 1886 ; June 14,1887. July 31, 1886. July 31, 1886. r August 2, November 6, 1886 ; May 27, 1887. March 19, 1887. In addition to the above transmissions of Smithsonian miscellane¬ ous exchanges, the following seiulings of Government exchanges were made: Boxes. Two transmissions of 39 boxes 78 One transmission 20 One transmission 27 One transmission 38 163 36 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. It lias been suggested that the intervals between the receipt, by the Smithsonian Institution, of packages and their delivery to the consignee might perhaps be lessened by some improved method of transmission. If there is ground for complaint of tardiness in the delivery, such charge can certainly not be made against the exchange office, in which but very small delays occur between the receipt of exchange packages and their transmission. In order to illustrate this assertion I now beg to submit the follow¬ ing tables of transmissions to France, Germany, Great Britain, and Italy. In each case twenty invoices have been selected at raudom, ex¬ tending over a period of almost three years, and their history has been traced from the ledger accounts as follows: FRANCE. Sender. No. of society. By exchange office. Boston Society of Natural History TJ. S. Geological Survey Bureau of Ethnology U.S. Geological Survey Smithsonian Institution Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Boston Society of Natural History California Academy New York Academy of Science .. U. S. Geological Survey Smithsonian Report 1884 Acta Mathematica Nautical Almanac California Academy American Philosophical Society . U. S. Geological Survey New York Academy of Seieuce .. Bureau of Ethnology American Academy, Boston Smithsonian Report 1885, Part I -.. Ii353 2461 2473 2511 2516 2527 2561 2587 2596 2599 2609 2617 2633 2731 2735 2783 2783 2761 2845 2855 Received. Dec. 5,3884 Feb. 19, 1885 Apr. 11,1885 May 11,1885 July 3, 1885 Sept. 15, 3 885 Oct. 14, 1885 Apr. 2,1886 May 28,1886 July 10,1886 Aug. 24, 1886 Aug. 31,1886 Sept. 20,18,-6 Oct. 25,1886 Jan. 13,1887 Feb. 7, 1887 Mar. 22,1887 Apr. 29, 1887 Apr. 19,1887 J une 17,1887 Sent. Jan. 17,1885 Apr. 1,1885 Apr. 17, 1885 May 15,1885 J uly 10, 1885 Sept. 17, 1885 Nov. 7,1885 Apr. 29, 18S6 June 18,1886 Julv 26,1886 Aug. 25,1886 Sept. 11, 1886 Oct. 21, 1886 Nov. 24, 188G Jan. 28,1887 Feb. 10.1887 Mar. 22. 1887 May 2,1887 May 9, 1887 June 18,1887 Acknowledged. By agent. By consignee. May 29,1885 May 28,1885 June 23,1885 Aug. 20, 1885 Oct. 21, 1885 Dec. 14, 1885 May 28, 1886 Aug. 28, 1886 Aug. 30, 1886 Sept. 28,1886 Oct. 9, 188 6 Nov. 24,1886 Jan. 20,1887 Mar. 4, 1887 Mar. 11,1887 Apr. 26, 1887 June 8,1887 June 9,1887 Aug. 3,1887 Mar. May May June Aug. Oct. Mar. June Aug. Sept. Oct. Oct. Dec. Jan. Mar. Mar. May June June Aug. 1.1885 22,1885 30,1885 30,1885 24, 1885 28.1885 20.1886 4.1886 21, J 886 11,3886 20.1886 1,1886 8.1886 26.1887 10, 1887 16, 1887 1.1887 11,1887 17, 1887 11,1887 GERMANY. Bureau of Ethnology Dr. W.J. Hoffman U. S. Geological Survey Department of the Interior Boston Society of Natural History U. S. Geological Survey American Philosophical Society... California Academy U. S. Geological Survey Smithsonian Report 1884,1 Acta Mathematica Nautical Almanac Smithsonian Report 1884, II Comptroller of the Currency Department of the Interior U. S. Geological Survey Smithsonian Institution, M. C. 28- 30 Smithsonian Institution Dr. W. J. Hoffman Bureau of Ethnology 3071 3091 3147 3165 3213 3223 3237 3205 3299 3307 3309 3311 3313 3345 3383 3637 3737 3775 4589 4651 Dec. 23,1884 Feb. 24, 1885 June 26,1885 July 13,1885 Oct. 14,1885 Feb. 9,1886 Mar. 25,1886 Apr. 2,1886 July 10,1886 Aug. 24,1886 Aug. 31,1886 Sept. 21,1886 Dec. 23, 1886 Feb. 4, 1887 Mar. 14,1887 May 9,1887 May 19, 1887 Juno 14,1887 May 13,1887 June 8,1887 Jan. 13,1885 Mar. 18, 1885 June 30,1885 July 17,1885 Nov. 6,1885 Feb. 24, 1886 Mar. 29,1886 May 3, 1886 JulV 23, 1886 Aug. 25,1886 Sept. 14, 1886 Oct. 15,1886 Dec. 27, 1886 Feb. 25, 1887 Apr. 19, 1887 May 12, 1887 May 19,1887 June 30,1887 June 1,1887 June 14,1887 Mar. 3,1885 Apr. 22,1885 Aug. 25,1885 -do Dec. 16,1885 Apr. 6,1886 May 12,1886 June 7.1886 Aug. 24, 1886 Nov. 7,1886 -do Nov. 20, 1886 Feb. 18,1887 Apr. 2,1887 May 21,1887 June 15,1887 June 18,1887 Aug. 3,1887 July 5,1887 July 21,1887 June 30,1885 June 25, 1885 Oct. 22,1885 Oct. 21,lr85 Feb. 5,1886 May 18,18f*6 July 9,1886 July 12,1886 Oct 14,1886 Nov. 15,1886 Nov. 10,18>-6 Jan. 29,1887 Mar. 24, 1887 Apr. 20,1887 J uly 7, 1887 Do. Do. Sept. 9,1887 July 15,1887 July 25,1887 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. GREAT BRITAIN. 37 Sender. Bureau of Ethnology New York State Library American Academy, Boston U. 8. Geological Survey Smithsonian Report, 1883 U. 8. Geological Survey Do Smithsonian Report, 1884,1 U. S. Geological Survey National Academy of Sciences .. U. S. Geological Survey Acta Mathematica American Philosophical Society . Smithsonian Report, 1884, II TJ. S. Geological Survey Do Trenton (N. J.) Natural History Society New York Academy Bureau of Ethnology Smithsonian Report, 1885,1 No. of society. By exchange office. Acknowledged. Received. 5421 5485 5195 5497 5505 5529 5531 5537 5541 55G7 5809 5845 5883 5869 5673 5883 5G89 5695 5697 5701 Apr. 14,1885 June 2, lhS5 July 23,1885 Aug. 4, 18H5 Oct. 12,1885 Oct. 19, 1885 Nov. 30, 1885 May 5, 1886 May 10,18r6 May 21,1886 June 1,1886 Aug. 31,1886 Sept. 3,1886 Dec. 23,1886 J an. 6,1887 Feb. 7,1887 Feb. 25.1887 Mar. 22, 1887 June 8.1887 June 17,1887 Sent. Apr. 17,1885 June 22, 1885 Aug. Sept. Oct. 1, 18H5 2, 1885 12,1885 Oct. 27,1885 Jan. May May 8, 1886 7, 1886 9, 1886 May 25,1880 June 16,1886 Sept. 3, 1886 Oct. 18,1886 Dec. 28, 1886 Jan. 27,1887 Feb. 11,1887 Mar. 12,1887 Apr. 5, 1887 June 14, 1887 June 18,1887 By agent. By consignee. May —, 1885 July 25,1885 Sept. 12,1885 Oct. 5,1885 Nov. 24,1885 Dec. 8 lh85 Mar. 23,188G July 15,1886 ....do July 14,1886 July 25, 1886 Oct. 19,1886 Dec. 21, 1886 Mar. 26 1887 .. d'» Apr. 23,1887 . ..do May 17,1887 July 16, 1887 July 21,1887 ITALY. Burean of Ethnology Do Geological Survey of Minuesota.. Peabody Institute Smithsonian Institution National Academy of Sciences Bureau of Ethnology Smithsonian Report, 1883 Smithsonian Report, 1884 California Academy, etc.. ... Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Acta Mathematica Academy of. Natural Sciences, Philadelphia John Hampden Smithsonian Report, 1884, II Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia American Academy, Boston Bureau of Ethnology Smithsonian Report, 1885, I Do 6671 6695 6325 6351 6315 6327 6357 6329 6335 6363 6445 6447 6365 6503 6409 6525 6539 6503 6649 6691 Dec. 23,1884 Apr. 14, 1885 Apr. 29,1885 June 10,1885 July 3,1885 Nov. 23,1885 Jan. 8,1886 Feb. 15,1886 May 5,1886 Apr. 2,1886 July 16,1886 Aug. 31,1886 Nov. 19,1886 Jan. 3,1887 Jan. 17,1887 Mar. 12,1887 Apr. 19,1887 Apr. 29,1887 June 17,1887 do Jan. 26,1885 Apr. 18,1885 May 6, 1885 June 20, 1885 July 11, 1885 Dec. 8,1885 Jan. 9,1886 Feb. 15, 1886 May 5,1886 May 24, 1886 July 26,1886 Sept. 24,1886 Nov. 23,1886 Jan. 10,1887 Jan. 17,1887 Mar. 17,1887 Apr. 29, 1887 May 21,1887 June 18,1887 — do June 25,1885 July 3,1885 Mar." 3*1* 1886 June 25,1886 Dec. 16,1886 Feb. .10,1887 Mar. 7,1887 do June 30,1887 July 31, 1887 Sept. 27,1887 do From tlie preceding tables the intervals between the receipt at and the shipment by the exchange office are shown to be as follows : Country. France Germany Great Britain, etc Italy Longest. Days. 42 35 45 33 Shortest. Days. Mean. Days. 0 151 0 13* 0 12i 0 9* It will also be noticed that in many instances the packages were 38 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. Shipments received from abroad. Country. Argentine Republic Australia Belgium Brazil Central America... Denmark France Germany (including Aus¬ tria-Hungary). Great Britain and Ireland. Holland ... Italy Japan Mexico Norway Russia Sweden Switzerland Date. September 30, 1686. Decembers, 1886; January 3, March 4, 1887. October 14, December 17, December 27. 1886. February '25, 1887. September 4, September 6, 1886. September 7, December 14, 1886 ; February 15, 1887. September 1, September 6, November 1'2, November 23, December 1, 1-86; January 24, February 8, February 10, April 21, 1887. July 28, August 19, September 16, September 18, Septem¬ ber 30, October 30, November 20, December 4, 1886 ; January 6, January 8, February 10, February 25, March 15, March 31, April 8, May 5, May 26, June 6, 1887. July'2, July 12, July 17, July 21, July 26, July 29, Au¬ gust 16, August 19, August 26, September 4, Septem¬ ber 10, September 20, September 23, October 1, Octo¬ ber 8, October 15, October 22, October 30, November 15, November 17, November 20, November 27, December 4, December 17, December 28, 1886 ; January 8, Janu.ary 18, January 21, January 24, January 31, February 25, March 15, March 26, April 2, April 22, May 14, May 23, May 26, June 1, June 7, June 24, 1687. August 7, November 29, 1886; April 11, 1887. October 20, November 13, 1866 ; February 25, 1887. December 18, 1886. December 28, 1886. October 30, December 18, December 23, 1886 • March 8, May 26, 1887. November 13, 1886 ; May 14, 1887. October 30, 1886 ; May 14, 1887. (Included in sendings from Germany.) II.—Government Exchanges. The Smithsonian Institution, charged by the Government of the United States with the duties required for the execution of an exchange of official public documents with foreign Governments, as provided for by the laws of March 2, 1867, and July 25, 1868, has, during the past year, received from the Public Printer three hundred and seventy-one sets (of fifty copies each) of official publications. These were distrib¬ uted in the usual manner to the contracting Governments of thirty- eight countries. The Governments of Peru and Austria were added to the list, thus increasing the number of recipients to forty. exchange WITn austria. The first step toward establishing exchange relations with the Gov¬ ernment of Austria was taken in 1876, by the transmission of the first two boxes of official publications, which were deposited in the Imperial Library at Vienna. report on exchanges. 39 Iii 1884 the subject was again taken up on occasion of my mission to Europe, as described in the Smithsonian Reports for 1884 and 1885, but no definite arrangement could be decided on. On the 14th of December the following letter was received by the Smithsonian Institution: The charge d'affaires of Austria Hungary to the Secretary of the Smith so nian Institution. Washington, D. C., December 14, 188G. Sir: Having been instructed to transmit to the Smithsonian Insti¬ tution a case which reached this legation yesterday, and which con¬ tains thirty-four volumes (and one register) of stenographic reports referring to the ninth session of both houses of the Imperial Parliament, I have the honor to inform you that said case shall be forwarded with out delay to your address. Please to acknowledge the receipt of said publications, and accept, sir, the renewed assurance of my high consideration. Yours, very respectfully, Lippe-Weissenfels. The first advance toward the accomplishment of the proposition for an exchange made by the United States having thus been made by the Imperial Government in Vienna, it was decided to make an immediate return in official publications of the United States Government, result¬ ing in the following correspondence: The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution to the consul-general of Aus¬ tria-Hungary in New York. Washington, D. C., January 8, 1887 Sir: The Smithsonian Institution, on bebalf of the United States Government, is about presenting to the Imperial Government at Vienna a set of the United States official documents published since January 1, 1868, comprising twenty-five packing-boxes, with an approximate bulk of 160 cubic feet, and an aggregate weight of about 6,000 pounds. In this transaction we desire the Imperial Government to be at the least possible expense, and we therefore propose to deliver the cases, freight prepaid, at an Austrian sea-port easy of access to Vienna, such as Trieste or Fiume, provided we could arrange for the shipment of the lot by some sailing vessel bound direct for one of those ports. We are not cognizant of any regular sailing communication between the United States and Austria, and therefore beg to request your kind co-operation in the matter, by iuformiug us of the existence of a regular line plying between New York and one of the above-named Austrian ports, or of the possibility of arranging with some Austrian -vessel for the shipment, at reasonable rates, of the lot of books mentioned, which could be delivered in New York within forty-eight hours of any informa¬ tion received. Very respectfully, Spencer F. Baird, Secretary .Smithsonian Institution. 40 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. In reply to this letter the following communication was received : The Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian consulate-general, Neiv York, to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. New York, January 17, 1887. Sir : In receipt of your esteemed favor of the 8th instant, I beg to say that I shall be most happy to co-operate with you in the matter of the shipment of a set of United States official documents to the Imperial Government, at Vienna, There is, unfortunately, no regular sailing communication between the United States and Austria, nor is there at this moment any sailing- vessel or steamer in port bound direct to Trieste or Fiume. It may be that an opportunity will before long offer itself to ship the books by an Austrian sailing vessel to a home port, and in that case I shall not fail to communicate with you at once. I have also given instructions to be promptly advised of the loading of any sailing vessel or steamer for Austrian ports, so as to make ar¬ rangements for this shipment. I shall have the pleasure of reporting progress as soon as possible; and remain, Very respectfully, etc., Hugo Fritsch, Consul. The Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian consulate-general, New York, to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. New York, May 2, 1887. Sir : Referring to my last of January 17, a. c., I am to-day enabled to comply with your favor of January 8. There is no Austrian vessel as yet for Trieste, but the Italian bark Peppino Mignano is now loading for that port and will sail in about two weeks. The agents are Messrs. Funch, Edye & Co., 27 South William street, New York, whose card I inclose ; they name $5 and 5 per cent, per 40 cubic feet as lowest rate. Very respectfully, etc., Hugo Fritsch, Consul. [Inclosure.] Card of Funch, Edye & Co., ship brokers, 27 South William street, New York, stating "the Italian bark Peppino Mignano will sail for Trieste in about two weeks, from foot of Richard street, Erie Basin, Brooklyn. Freight $5 and 5 per cent, per 40 cubic feet." The Smithsonian Institution to Dr. von Tavera, envoy, etc., of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria. Washington, D. C., May 9, 1887. Sir : I have the honor inclosed to submit a copy of a communication addressed by the Smithsonian Institution on the 12th of October, 1885, to Count Lippe Weissenfels, the Imperial Austrian charge d'affaires (this communication will be found on page 109 of the Smithsonian Annual Report for 1886, Part I), explanatory of the steps taken for the final REPORT ON EXCHANGES. 41 settlement of the question of an exchange of the official publications between the Government of His Majesty and that of the United States, proposed by the Smithsonian Institution, as the authorized agent of the Government in 1884. Since then, on the 14tli December, 188G, the first advance was made by the Austrian Government by the transmission, through His Majesty's legation, of a case containing the " stenographic reports referring to the ninth session of both houses of the Imperial Parliament," and being desirous of making an immediate return, we placed ourselves in com¬ munication with the Austrian consul general in New York, relative to the best mode of forwarding our exchanges to the Austrian port most convenient to Vienna. In compliance with our request,-Oonsul-General Fritsch of New York now informs us that the Italian bark Peppino Mignano is about to sail for Trieste. Therefore, unless your excellency is prepared to provide for a channel of transmission, we propose to utilize the opportunity thus offered, and to send by this bark, freight prepaid, to Trieste the twenty-seven boxes of official documents (with a bulk of about 160 cubic feet and a total weight of about7,000 pounds) required, additional to the two boxes already deposited in the Imperial Public Library iu Vienna, to complete the series comprised in the exchange proposition, and now beg you to kindly arrange or have the Imperial Government arrange for their delivery to some responsible party in Trieste. The annual addition to this collection will be about three boxes, and we desire instructions to deliver the same hereafter to the consul-general iu New York for transmission to Vienna. As provided for iu the stipulations of exchanges proposed through Mr. Boehmer in 1884, we trust that the minister of foreign affairs in Vienna may be pleased to arrange for the collecting from the various departments and bureaus of the Government and from the scientific es¬ tablishments and institutions under their care, of one copy each of all the publications made by them or under their direction, and to have the same forwarded to the agent of the Smithsouiau Institution, Dr. Felix Fliigel, 39 Sidonien Strasse, Leipzig, who has received instructions relative to their transmission to the United States. With the assurance of my high consideration, etc. Spencer F. Baird, Secretary. [Telegram.] Smithsonian Institution to Punch, Pdye & Co., New York. Washington, D. C., May 10, 1887. Will shipment for Trieste be in time for barque Peppino Mignano, and shall cases be addressed to your care or to vessel'? Wire answer. Smithsonian Institution. [Telegram.] Punch. Pdye <£• Co., Yew York, to Smithsonian Institution. New York, May 10, 1887. Vessel for Trieste will receive up to Saturday, this week. Must have clearance Saturday morning. Funch, Edye & Co. 42 report on exchanges. The Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian legation to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington, ]). C., May 11, 1887. Sir : I have had the honor to receive your letter dated May 9, by which you inform me of the transmission to the Imperial and Royal Government of twenty-seven boxes of official documents byway of the Austro-Hungarian consulate at New York. The said consular office will be accordingly instructed to take the proper steps for having the said cases shipped on the Italian bark Peppino Mignano. I shall at the same time communicate to the Imperial and Royal Gov¬ ernment your remarks with regard to the mutual exchange of official documents, and trust that this exchauge will proceed in a regular and satisfactory way according to the mutually established stipulations. Receive, sir, the assurance of my high consideration. Tavera, Austro-Hungarian Minister. The Smithsonian Institution to Hon. Hugo Fritsch, Imperial Austrian consul-general, New York. Washington, D. C., May 11, 1887. Sir: Upon the receipt of your esteemed favor of the 2d instant, we placed ourselves in communication with the Imperial Austrian legation in this city, relative to some minor details regarding the final disposi¬ tion of the cases of international exchanges for the Austrian Govern¬ ment, and now have the pleasure to inform you that we have sent to the care of Messrs. Fuuch, Edye &Co., 27 South William street, as suggested by you, tweuty-seven cases of the official documents of the United States Government for transmission, freight prepaid, to Trieste, per Italian bark Peppino Mignano. The minister announces to-day that he has written to you relative to these cases, and we beg you to make the necessary arrangement for their delivery to some responsible party in Trieste. Thanking you for the interest you have taken in the subject, I am, etc., Spencer F. Baird, Secretary. The Smithsonian Institution to Messrs. Punch, Edye & Co., New York. Washington, D. C., May 11, 1887. Gentlemen: Confirming the receipt of your telegram of yesterday, I now have the pleasure of announcing the shipment per Pennsylvania Railroad, to your care, of twenty-seven cases of exchanges for the Gov¬ ernment of Austria. These we request you to forward to Trieste, sub¬ ject to a possible arrangement for their delivery there by the Austrian consul in New York, per Italian bark Peppino Migna?io, having the freight on the same prepaid to Trieste at the rate specified by you, $5 and 5 per cent, per 40 cubic feet, and collecting the amount from us. We also request you to announce to us the arrival and shipment of the cases, and to have two copies of the bill of lading mailed to us at your earliest convenience. Very respectfully, etc., Spencer F. Baird, Secretary. report on exchanges. 43 The Smithsonian Institution to Dr. von Tavera, Imperial and Royal Aus¬ trian envoy extraordinary. Washington, D. C., May 26, 1887. Sir: Referring to previous correspondence on the subject, I have the honor to submit a copy of the bill of lading, per Italian bark Pep- pino Mignano, for the twenty seven cases of official publications ad¬ dressed by the Smithsonian Institution, on behalf of the Government of the United States, to the Imperial Government at Vienna. The cases are numbered 1168-1191, and the freight on the same has been prepaid by us to Trieste, as per agreement. I have the honor, etc., S. P. Langley, Acting Secretary. The Imperial and Royal Austrian envoy extraordinary to the acting Secretary Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D. C., May 28, 1887. Sir : I have the honor to acknowledge with thanks the receipt of your letter dated 26th instant, by which you transmitted to me the bill of lading for the twenty-seven cases of official publications addressed by the Smithsonian Institution to the Imperial and Royal Govern¬ ment. Very respectfully, yours, Tavera, Minister. exchanges with peru. On the 16th of May, 1867, the Smithsonian Institution, as the agent of the United States Government for the exchange of official public documents with foreign nations as provided for by act of March 2,1867, invited, among others, the Government of Peru to participate in the proposed exchange. The proposition was favorably received, and the acceptance, on the part of the Peruvian Government, expressed in a let¬ ter emanating from the foreign office in Lima, Peru, on the 30th De¬ cember, 1867, and transmitted to the Smithsonian Institution through the United States Department of State. (See Smithsonian Annual Re¬ port for 1881, p. 760, 761; also History of Smithsonian Exchanges, Washington, 1882, pp. 58-59.) By some inexplicable oversight this subject was completely lost sight of until iu the beginning of the present fiscal year, when it was again brought to notice by Mr. Elmore, then the representative of the Peru¬ vian Government at Washington, and chief clerk of the Peruvian for¬ eign office in 1867, at the time of the acceptance of the proposition on the part of his Government. In consequence relations were at once established, of which the fol¬ lowing correspondence is a portion, and which terminated in the trans- 44 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. mission, by the Smithsonian Institution, of a set of twenty cases, ad¬ dressed to the Government of Peru at Lima: Prof. Spencer F. Baird to the Secretary of State. Washington, D. C., July 2, 1886. Sir: During the administration of my predecessor in office, the la¬ mented Professor Henry, a letter dated February 8, 1868, was received from the then Secretary of State, Hon. William H. Seward, transmit¬ ting a note from the foreign office at Lima with reference to a proposi¬ tion from this Institution for an exchange of official documents with the Republic of Peru. Printed copies of this correspondence I inclose. In some inexplicable way tliesubject has been eutirely lost sight of and has only just been brought to the light; and I beg to state that the In¬ stitution is now anxious to resume negotiations with the Peruvian Gov¬ ernment relative to the proposed exchange. The Smithsonian Institution as the agent for international exchanges on the part of the United States Government is prepared to furnish the Government of Peru with a collection of several thousand volumes of documents published by the United States since 1868. These can be delivered to the Peruvian consul at New York free of charge. The re¬ turns of publications on the part of Peru, which should be full and iu as complete series as possible, should be delivered free of charge to the United States consul atCallao. The returns will be placed in the Library of Congress in accordance with existing law. The Peruvian Govern¬ ment, if desirous of renewing its acceptance of the proposition of the Institution, should, of course, furnish us with the name of the depart¬ ment designated to receive the books transmitted on behalf of the United States. We should also be pleased to have the Peruvian department to which the business of the exchange is assigned take charge of and distribute the miscellaneous scientific exchanges presented by societies and indi¬ viduals, through the Smithsonian Institution, to correspondents in that country, the Institution guaranteeing a like service for any parcels of similar character for the United States and Europe. Very respectfully, etc., Spencer F. Baird. Secretary. The Secretary of State to Prof. Spencer F. Baird. Washington, August 2, 1886. Sir : I transmit, with a reference to a recent letter of your Institu¬ tion on the same subject, a copy of a communication from Mr. Elmore, the late minister of Peru to the United States, now in Washington, and beg to suggest that the cases of books which your Institution has for consignment to the Peruvian Government may be forwarded as de¬ sired, if agreeable to your methods. I am, etc., T. F. Bayard. [Inclosure.] Mr. Elmore to the Secretary of State. Washington, July 31, 1886. My Dear Sir: I take tlie liberty to call your atteutiou to a matter of great inter¬ est anil of much importance for Peru, and which, if the suggestion I am about to make is carried out, will be a source of real joy among all Peruvians who desire to REPORT ON EXCHANGES. 45 study and know better the United States and who wish to develop their own coun¬ try by the arts of peace. I refer to the execution of the agreement in 1867 between Peru and the United States to exchange their respective Government publications. This system of international exchanges, authorized by au act of Congress, March 2, 1867, proposed to foreign nations, through the State Department, in a circular by the Smithsonian Institution, May 16,1867, was " accepted in all of its terms" by a decree of the President of Pern on 27th December, 181)7. (See pages 58 and 59 of -'A History of the Smithsonian Exchanges," by George H. Boehmer, from the Smith¬ sonian Report for 1881.) Through causes too long to state iu this letter the exchange with Peru was imper¬ fectly carried out, or not at all. Of course Peru, under any circumstances,"would be benetited by the exchange more thau the United States; but it is precisely on this account that I now beg to be allowed to address you on the subject, because my ob¬ ject is to request you to do Peru a great service, now needed more thau at any time before. It is known that one of the first acts of the Chilians when they occupied Lima in 1881 was to sack and destroy or carry away completely the whole of the old and valuable library of Lima. The Peruvian Government in 1883 began to take steps to form a new library, which has been created, having at preseut about 30,000 volumes, mostly the gift of foreigu governments and institutions and of literary men aud other private individuals. During Secretary Frelinghuysen's time I made some efforts to obtain a few works of interest from this country, which in 1884 I presented to the new national library of Lima. But most of the United States publications destined for Peru since 1868 are kept in deposit, packed up in boxes, in the Smithsonian Institution, awaiting the order of your Goverumeut to be sent to the Peruvian Government, who will iu return send to the Smithsonian Institution, for the Library of Congress, a full set of the offi¬ cial and other publications of Peru. As now, after many years of disorder, Peru has a regularly elected constitutional government, the opportunity to send the Smithsonian exchanges to Peru is most admirable, aud the benefit you will confer on Peru will be very great and will be fully appreciated. On the 9th of August, probably, a gentleman of New York, intimately connected with the commerce of Peru, and whose firm (that of Messrs. W. R. Grace & Co., Han¬ over Square, New York) holds important contracts with the Peruvian Government, leaves for Lima. During a very long time no opportunity so good as this will pre¬ sent itself to have the valuable Smithsonian collection sent to Peru. The books are ready, packed up in about eighteen cases (measuring about 50 cubic feet), and con¬ taining over 1,000 volumes. The United States Government would have no expense in this matter. As usual, the Smithsonian Institution would forward the cases to New York, and Messrs. W. R. Grace & Co. would atteud to the shippiug for account of the Peruvian Govern¬ ment. I earnestly beg you, Mr. Secretary, to let the books be sent at once to the Govern¬ ment of Peru, as, going as they would, under the personal care of Mr. W. R. Grace, they would arrive with the greatest safety. The Smithsonian Institution only awaits your directions to forward the cases to New York. Believe me, etc., J. F. Elmore. Prof. Spencer F. Baird to the Secretary of State. Washington, D. C., August 9, 1886. Sir: Referring to your communication of August 2, in reply to a letter from this Institution on the same subject, I beg to say that your suggestion with reference to the publications of the United States for the Government of Peru has been favorably considered, and twenty boxes containing the same are forwarded to the care of Messrs. Grace & Co., in New York, for shipment to Peru. I have the honor to be, etc., S. F. Baird, Secretary. The Secretary of State to Prof. S. F. Baird. Washington, November 3, 1886. Sir : I have to say, in further reply to your letter of the 2d July last, that the Peruvian Goverumeut is anxious to continue the arrangements 46 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. for the exchange of public documents with the Government of the United States. I inclose a copy of a note from Mr. Rivas, the minister of foreign affairs at Lima, 011 the subject. I am, etc., rp p Bayard. [Inclosure.] Minister of foreign relations, Lima, to Hon. T. F. Bayard, Secretary of Slate. Lima, September 13, 1886. Mr. Minister: I bave had the honor of receiving the very polite dispatch of your excellency relative to the exchange of publications between Peru and the United States. In reply, I bave the pleasure of manifesting to your excellency that my Govern¬ ment has a lively desire to maintain the arrangement celebrated in 1867 with the Smithsonian Institution, having to that end authorized the director of the national library to make remittances of Peruvian works with such exactness as is possible. My Government appreciates and esteems at its value this literary exchange between two sister peoples of similar political institutions, in which is illustrated a spirit re¬ dounding in benefits to society. The library of Lima, which was destroyed by the invading army, has been re¬ established through the generous co-operation of friendly Governments and foreign scientific societies, among which the Smithsonian has distinguished its efforts superior to all. My Government desires, in making this expression of its gratitude, that through the worthy medium of your excellency it be placed in the knowledge of the Secretary of that Institution, manifesting at the same time that it will not omit efforts to per¬ petually comply with the arrangement to which I have referred. Reiterating with this motive to your excellency assurances of my most high and distinguished consideration. m. m. Rivas. defects of the exchange system. In carrying ou the operations of an international exchange of official publications, the Smithsonian Institution, as the agent of the United States Government, experiences two difficulties, which it has for many years endeavored to overcome, without, however, fully accomplishing the desired end. These obstacles are— (1) The failure to procure the fifty copies of each and every public document for exchange purposes; and (2) The inability to secure, by means of correspondence alone, the entire fruits of the wise provision of Congress in the way of adequate returns from foreign Governments for the books sent by us. The first point has been the subject of repeated appeal to Congress, aud I now beg to present the correspondence illustrating our last effort in that direction: The Smithsonian Institution to the Hon. A. R. Spofford, Librarian of Congress. Washington, D. C., February 21, 1887. Sir : On the 7th of March, 1881, and 011 October 7, 1885, the Secre¬ tary of the Smithsonian Institution had the honor to address the Hon. John Sherman, chairman of the Joint Library Committee of Congress, as follows: "After overcoming many obstacles, the Smithsonian system of ex¬ changes has now been placed upon a most satisfactory basis, the only difficulty of any magnitude yet remaining being inability on the part REPORT ON EXCHANGES. 47 of the Smithsonian Institution, as the Government intermediary, to secure the entire fruit of the wise provision of Congress in the way of fifty copies of each and every public document for exchange purposes, and to this extent the system is yet imperfect. In the absence of strict compliance with the stipulation that all works published by the United States—its Congress, Executive Departments, Bureaus, etc.—shall be furnished for the purpose, the Institution can hardly exact from foreign Governments that have entered into an international exchange alliance copies of everything they, respectively, issue. " I would therefore ask you respectfully to consider the several enact¬ ments upon the subject of international exchange, and that such supple¬ mentary legislation be provided as will enable us to surmount the diffi¬ culty referred to." In the absence of any action on the subject as requested, Professor Baird, on the 18th of Jauuary, 1886, addressed himself to the Hon. William J. Sewell, chairman of the Joint Library Committee of Con¬ gress, as follows: " It again becomes the duty of the Smithsonian Institution, as the agent for the Government exchanges under appointment of Congressional act of March 2, 1867, to suggest a review by the Library Committee of the several enactments upon the subject of international exchanges, to the end that such additional legislation be provided as will render the Institution able to enforce strict compliance (on the part of the Public Printer and the various Departments and Bureaus of the Government) with the order of Congress that all works published by the United States of America, whether by its Congress, its Executive Departments, or its Bu¬ reaus, and whether printed at the Public Printing Office or elsewhere, be furnished the Smithsonian Institution in fifty copies of each of the three distinct series, as specified in the acts of March 2,1867, and July 25,1868, and without which the Government of the United States, through the Library of Congress, will fail to reap the full benefit of that complete exchange which was intended and desired when the American Congress first exhibited its enlightened liberality in the wise provision for an ex¬ change of United States official publications for those of foreign na¬ tions." The letter was accompanied by a memorandum specifying the various enactments on international exchange, and illustrating the defects of existing laws on the subject. No attention, however, was given by the Joint Library Committee to the request for a consideration of the requirements as pointed out by the Institution, and the present session of Congress drawing to a close without any action having been had in relation to it, I beg to invite your co-operation—as the party most interested in the results of the service—by requesting you to bring the matter before the proper com¬ mittee, for whose information and guidance, in connection with any new legislation which it may deem proper to suggest for the consideration of Congress, I iuclose herewith a brief sketch of existing laws on the subject. iii order to obtain for the international exchange the advantages de¬ sired by Congress, the laws governing it should be amended so as to make it obligatory on the part of the Public Printer, the Executive De¬ partments and Bureaus of the Government to furnish the fifty copies of each and every publication made by them, of whatever class or de¬ scription, called for by the original acts of March 2, 1867, and July 25, 1S68. I am, sir, etc S. P. Langley, Assistant Secretary. 48 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. [Inclosare.] On the 2d day of March, 1867, Congress passed the following reso¬ lution (Stat, at Large, vol. 14, p. 573): "Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States in Congress assembled, That fifty copies of all documents here¬ after printed by order of either House of Congress, and fifty copies ad¬ ditional of all documents printed in excess of the usual number, together with fifty copies of each publication issued by any Department or Bureau of the Government, be placed at the disposal of the Joint Com¬ mittee on the Library, who shall exchange the same, through the agency of the Smithsonian Institution, for such works published in foreign countries, and especially by foreign Governments, as may be deemed by said committee an equivalent; said works to be deposited in the Library of Congress." This resolution provides, as plainly and distinct!}' expressed, for three times fifty copies of certain official publications, or, rather, for fifty copies each of three different and distinct issues into which the publi¬ cations of the United States Government may be classed: I. The Congressional issiie, consisting of series of journals, reports of committees, miscellaneous documents, and executive documents. II. The annual reports of the Executive Departments and Bureaus of the Government. III. The memoirs, monographs, and special reports published by the Executive Departments and Bureaus of the Government. Of the first issue (the Congressional), the usual number printed is, as prescribed in section 3792 Revised Statutes, "fifteen hundred and fifty copies of any document ordered by Congress," etc., increased to nineteen hundred, which includes the installments for distribution by the Con¬ gressional Library and for exchange in foreign countries. Section 3799 provides that " of the documents printed by order of either House of Congress there shall be printed and bound fifty addi¬ tional copies for the purpose of exchange in foreign countries." The second series is formed by the "extra copies" ordered to be printed by Congress in addition to the usual number, and represent the annual report of the Executive Departments and Bureaus of the Gov¬ ernment, Reports on Foreign Affairs, Commerce and Navigation, Com¬ mercial Relations, etc.", and as such form each an independent series of Government publications. Relative to this issue, section 3796 Revised Statutes provides: " The Congressional Printer shall, when so directed by the Joint Committee on the Library, print in addition to the usual number either fifty or one hundred copies, as he may be directed, of all documents printed by either House of Congress or by any Department or Bureau of the Gov¬ ernment." Resolution No. 72, second session Fortieth Congress (approved July 25, 1868), a resolution to carry into effect the resolution approved March 2, 1867, providing for the exchange of certain public documents, specifies : " That the Congressional Printer, whenever he shall be so directed by the Joint Committee on the Library, be, and he hereby is, directed to print fifty copies in addition to the regular number of all documents hereafter printed by order of either House of Congress, or by order of any Department or Bureau of the Government, and whenever he shall be so directed by the Joint Committee on the Library, one hundred copies additional of all documents ordered to be printed in excess of the usual number; said fifty or one hundred copies to be delivered to the report on exchanges. 49 Librarian of Congress, to be exchanged under the direction of the Joint Committee on the Library, as provided for by joint resolution approved March 2,1807." The third series, the memoirs, monographs, or special reports pub¬ lished by the Executive Departments and Bureaus of the Government, is provided for by section 2 of the above joint resolution No. 72, sec¬ ond session Fortieth Congress, approved July 25, 18G8—a resolution to carry into effect the resolution approved March 2, 1807, providing for the exchange of certain public documents, as follows : " And be it further resolved, That fifty copies of each publication, printed under the direc¬ tion of any Department or Bureau of the Government, whether at the Congressional Printing Office or elsewhere, shall be placed at the dis¬ posal of the Joint Committee on the Library to carry out the provision of said resolution." Subsequent to this resolution becoming a law the Hon. E. D. Morgan, chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library, addressed the fol¬ lowing letter to the Public Printer, J. D. Defrees, esq.: "Washington, D. C., October 24,1808. "I have the honor to call your attention to the provisions of the reso¬ lution of Congress inclosed, approved July 25,1808, and to request that the fifty copies of all documents now being printed and hereafter to be printed at the Congressional Printing Office, whether by order of either House of Congress or any of the Departments or Bureaus of the Gov¬ ernment, be furnished by you, as fast as each edition is printed and bound, to the Librarian of Congress, for the purpose specified in the resolution. " 1 would also request that of the Patent Office report and Agricult¬ ural report now being printed one hundred copies additional (or one hundred and fifty copies in all) be delivered to the Librarian for the pur¬ pose indicated." On September 22, 1809, the Librarian of Congress addressed the Public Printer, od the subject of books required by law for the inter¬ national exchange of official documents as follows: " Your attention is respectfully called to the provisions of the reso¬ lution of Congress approved July 25, 1808, requiring the Congressional Printer to furnish to the Librarian of Congress fifty copies of all docu¬ ments printed under whatever authority for the purpose of exchanging the same for the publications of foreign Governments, which are to be deposited in this Library. "Theofficial direction from the chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library, to printand deliver these documents required by tlieresolu- tion,wascoinmuuicated toyourpredecessor, Mr. J.D.Defrees,on the2!th of October, 1808. (See letter of Hon. E. D. Morgan, chairman, of that date.) The only reply received was a verbal one from Mr. Defrees, to the undersigned, that the documents should be regularly forwarded, and that the one hundred and fifty copies (fifty regular and one hundred extra) of the Agricultural and Patent Office reports for 1807, then on the press, would also be supplied. Not having received any documents whatever under this act of Congress, and the purpose of the same being to enrich the Library with as large a number and variety of the docu¬ ments of foreign Governments as can be procured in exchange for our own, you are requested to have placed at my disposal fifty copies ot each 'book, pamphlet, circular, army order, or other publication, by whatever authority priuted, and one hundred copies additional of all H. Mis. 600 1 50 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. documents printed in excess of the usual number, to enable me to carry out the resolution of Congress referred to." And again in reply to an inquiry on the part of tbe Public Printer, the following communication was addressed to that official on Septem¬ ber 30, 1869: "In reference to the documents not of Congress, but of the Depart¬ ments and Bureaus of the Government, of which fifty copies are required by resolution of Congress to be furnished to the Library for interna¬ tional exchange, I have to say that all such documents as are printed at the public expense (with the single exception of printed instructions or confidential official communications) are important and will properly be furnished. The foreign Governments with which the exchanges are made furnish us with great fullness the specially printed documents they print in each department of their public service, and it is desired to make a return in kind." Owing to the failure of the Public Printer to comply with those por¬ tions of the law relating to the second and third series of the United States official publications, the annual reports of the Executive De¬ partments and Bureaus of the Government, and the memoirs, mono¬ graphs, and special reports by the Executive Departments and Bureaus of the Government, although occasionally some few of the works of these classes have been received, a circular letter was addressed by the Smithsonian Institution on the 15th of February, 1884, to all the Departments - and Bureaus of the Government, soliciting co-operation, in compliance with the existing laws, to enable the Institution, as agent of the Government, to carry out the provisions of the Congres¬ sional resolutions. Among the replies received, that of the Hon. Secretary of State says : I have ventured to suggest to the Joint Committee on the Library the desirability of a permanent provision for the printing of these re¬ quired copies. Appended to the letter of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Insti. tution of March 7, 1884, is a list of the more important documents not furnished to the Smithsonian Institution although they are embraced in the series intended by Congress for exchange purposes. Among the documents not furnished by the Public Printer may again be mentioned the following (assuming series I, the Congressional issue, to be complete as delivered, although even therein are many de¬ ficiencies) : Series II. The annual reports of the Executive Departments and Bu¬ reaus of the Government, together with the papers accompanying such reports. (Section 3796, Kev. Stat., and Eesol. 72, second sess. Fortieth Congr.) Series III. The memoirs, monographs, or special reports published by the Executive Departments or Bureaus of the Government, whether printed at the Government Printing Office, or elsewhere. (Section 2, Resolution No. 72, secoud session Fortieth Congr.) REPORT ON EXCHANGES. 51 This last series comprises, among many others, the following valuable publications: Patent Office: Official Gazette—thirty-two volumes published. Specifications and Drawings—two hundred volumes published since 1872. Growth of Industrial Art—two volumes, folio. Of this only fifty copies were printed. U. 8. Geological Survey : Bulletins—thirty numbers issued. Monographs—eleven volumes issued, of which only Vol. 11 and At¬ las were received. A letter was addressed to the Director of the Survey, February 18, 1884, claiming fifty copies of all the publications of that office for ex¬ change purposes under the law. In reply the Director states, Febru¬ ary 26, 1884: Under the law of March 2, 1867, fifty copies of everything published by us should be sent to the Library of Congress, and thence to the Smithsonian Institution by the Public Printer, and such copies are re¬ served for that purpose, and do not come into our possession. Under the statutes relating to the publication of the monographs of the Geological Survey it would be impossible to spare any copies from the three thousand received by this office from the fact that it is neces- ary for the Survey to render an account of its publications, either as sold, exchanged, or on haud. Ethnological Bureau: Contributions to North American Ethnology. Only vols. 1, 3, and 4 received. Pilling: Proof-sheets of North American Languages. Of this only one hundred copies were printed. Tenth Census of the United States: Monographs. Not one has been received. Fish Commission : Bulletins, vols. 1-5. State Department: Consular Iieports. Only the first twenty-two have been received. Coast and Geodetic Survey: Publications. American and Foreign Claims Commissions: France, Hayti, Spain, Alabama, etc., neither of which has been re¬ ceived. And, in fact, all the publications of the Departments and Bureaus of the Government, as independent series, although they may have been furnished as Congressional (miscellaneous) documents, which, however, constitute a distinct series (I) in themselves. 52 REPORT ON EXCHANGES. The second point, the inability to secure the entire fruits of the pro¬ visions of Congress, in the way of adequate returns, was fully discussed by Professor Buird on page 20 of the Annual Report of the Smithson¬ ian Institution for 18S5, by Mr. Spofford, the Librarian of Congress, on pages 25 and 26 of the Smithsonian Report for the fiscal year 1885-'86, and by myself, in the appendix to each of rhese imports. The remedy suggested in the case was based on the experience of my mission to Europe, and the predictions ventured that, without the es¬ tablishment of a permanent agency on the ground to attend personally to the whole business, only temporary results would be obtained, are fully borne out by the experience of the past year. While the returns secured by my personal efforts comprise 44 cases and 160 packages of books, numbering about 7,000 volumes, collected from fourteen European Governments, the returns of the present year received from European Governments through the medium of the ex¬ change service represent only 3 boxes and about 250 volumes of books. 060.9 S66b 3 5556 000 955 617