(§tt(in \S^2^^(]flm ^Otft 1892 //C -Mit., ^2rt^ /.ti^u^ t.vJ^ .,^ff'£c^ KjUy/r THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL PHILIP SCHAFF 1 tCc/, \J/c/i a (gerfin i842»=»=(Ueio ^orR iso2 THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL OF PHILIP SCHAFF NEW YORK 1893 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE Philip Schaff was born yanuary i, 1819, at Coire, Swit- zerland. He studied in the Uiiiversities of Tubingen, Halhy and Berlin, and took the degree of Licentiate of Theology {B.D.), at Berlin, May 29, 1841. After a literary journey to Italy he retiir7icd to Berlin, to e^iter upon his academic career. He acquired the venia legendi with the usjtal formal- ities, November 16, 1842, delivered his first trial lecture, De- cember T^d {on " The Apostolic Types of Doctrine''), his second trial lecture, in Latin, December yth {on " The Idea and Aim of Theology''), and began his regular course of lectures, De- cember 12th, 07ie on " The Catholic Epistles," and another on " The History of Modern German Theology." He received the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity from the University of Berlin, May 5, 1854, from the University of St. Andrews, 171 Scotland, April 20, 1887, and from the University of the City of New York, November 25, 1892 ; also the degree of LL.D. from Amherst College, Mass., 1876. He was called to a Professorship in the Theological Se77t- i7iary at Mercersburg, Pa., i7i 1843, ^^^^ spe7it there twe7ity years, after which he re77toved to New York, during the Civil War, in 1863. He delivered theological lectures i7i the Semi- IV 7iarics at Andover, Hartford, and New York, and acted for several years as Secretary of the New York Sabbath Commit- tee, as Honorary Corresponding Secretary of the Evangelical Alliance, and as President of the Am,erica7i Bible Revision Committee. Since 1869 he has been in the perma^ient service of the Unioji Theological Seminary in New York, Jiolding succes- sively the chairs of Propcsdeutic and Symbolic, of Biblical Literature {first Hebrew, then Greelc), and {since 1887) of Church History. He was repeatedly sent on embassies to Europe in behalf of the Bible Revision Committee, the Evan- gelical Alliance, the Pan-Presbyterian Alliance, and as dele- gate to the Fifth Centennial of the Heidelberg University (1886), and the Eighth Centemtial of the Bologna University (1888). In 1892, he completed the fiftieth anniversary of his aca- demic teaching, and received many congratulations not only from friends in Ajnerica and Europe, but also from ecclesias- tical and literary institutions. Some of these have a public as well as a personal i7iterest, and are here printed, by request, for private distribution among his friends. CONTENTS Biograpbical Notice, Congratulafoiy Address from the Theological Faciillv of the University of Berlin, German, .... Translation, .... Reply, /// :> Q 14 II. Action of tJje Eastern Synod of tJje Reformed Cburcb in tJje United States, /^ Reply. Personal Reminiscences, . . .29 ///. Letter from the Faculty and Board of Directors of the Union TJjeological Seminary in New York, . . p Reply to the Board of Directors, . . . ;/ Reply to the Faculty, ^q IK Letter from the Students of the Union Theological Seminary, 40 Reply, 41 V- Congratulation from the Tfjeological Faculty of Yale University, 4^ Reply, 47 VI / ■/. Congrai Illation from the University of the City of ''^^ New Yorli, ^g Address of Cljancellor MacCracken, D.D., . 5/ Reply, 52 1 11. Action of the American Society of Church History, . ^^ APPENDIX Chronological List of Dr. Schaff's M^ritings : 1. German IVritings, . ^y 2. English IVritings, 5^ 3. Edited IVorks, 62 EPISTOLA CONGRATULATORIA OF THE THE- OLOGICAL FACULTY OF THE UNIVER- SITY OF BERLIN Berlin den i6. November, 1892. Hocbwiirdiger Herri Hochverehrter Herr College! Zu dem Tage, an welchem Sie vor nun iun^zv^ Jahren die venia legend! an iinserer Hochschule erwor- ben haben, bringt die theologische Facultat der l^>ied- rich-Wilhelms-Universitat Ihncn, hochverehrter Herr College, die herzlichsten Gliick- und Segenswiinsche dar. In einer Zeit, da die kirchen-historischen Studien, von Neander und Baur geleitet, den lebhaftesten Auf- schwung nahmen, traten Sie in die Reihc der akade- mischen Lehrer unserer Hochschule ein. Krbkam, Piper, Kahnis und Jacobi waren Ihnen unniittelbar vorhero^eefaniren. Renter folirte nur zwei Monate nach 000' o Ihnen; sie alle dankbare Schiiler Neander's, erfiillt von dem Geiste Ihres edlen Lehrers und gewillt, wie er, mit ihrer Wissenschaft der Kirche zu dienen und die Eigen- thlimlichkeiten christlichen Lebens und Denkens liebe- voll zu erfassen und treu wiederzugeben. Aus diescm Kreise von sechs Docenten der Kirchengeschichte, die ein lahr lanir o-leichzeitiir an unserer Facultat gelehrt und dann an verschiedenen Hochschulen gewirkt ha- ben, sind Sie uns noch allein erhalten, nachdein auch unser theurcr College Piper aus seinem reichen Arbeits- felde abberufen worden ist. Nur wcnige Semester haben Sie hier untcr uns ge- wirkt. Bereits im Jahre 1844 verliessen Sie Berlin, um zunachst an dem deutschen theologischen Seminar zu Mercersburg, dann an dem Union Theological Semi- nary zu New York die Statten Ihrer Wirksamkeit und in Nord-America eine neue Heimath zu finden. Was Sie in diesen achtundvierzig Jahren den evangelischen Kirchen jenes grossen Landes geleistet haben und was Sie ihnen gewesen sind, ist ein unvergangliches Stiick ihrer Geschichte geworden. Wie einst dreihundert Jahre vor Ihnen Martin Bucer nach England hinlibergegangen ist, um deutsche the- olocrische Erkenntniss und Wissenschaft dorthin zu tra- gen, so haben Sie dieselbe Wissenschaft in die neue Welt hiniibergepflanzt und sind durch unermiidliche, von reichem Segen gekronte Arbeit der theologische Vermittler zwischen Ost und West geworden. Wenn heute die ruhmvollen kirchlichen Schopfungen in den Neu-England Staaten auch Pflegerinnen der theolog- ischen Wissenschaft geworden sind und die alte Welt ihnen nicht mehr nur giebt, sondern auch von ihnen cmpfangt, so vcrdanken sic das vornchmlich Ihrer Wirk- samkeit. Eine Rcihe gehaltvoller und practisch-wichtiger Werke der deutschen theologischcn Wissenschaft haben Sie in englischen Ucbersctzungcn in Ihr ncucs \'atcr- land eingefiihrt und so diese Wissenschaft dort schiitzcn gelehrt und cingebiirgert. Aber diese Thiitigkeit bildctc doch nur cinen kleincn Thcil Ihrcr grosscn erspriess- lichen Arbeit. Sie selbst haben theils in deutscher, theils in englischer Sprache die Wissenschaft gefordert und namentlich in Ihren drei grossen W^crken, " Gc- schichte der apostolischen Kirche," "Geschichte dcr christlichen Kirche," " Bibliotlieca Symbolica Eccleskc Universalis^' sowie in zahlreichen kirchenhistorischen Abhandlungen die Friichte Ihrer selbststandigen Stu- dien niedergelegt Ihre " Kirchengeschichte" vor allcni ninimt durch die Vollstandigkeit ihrer Ausfijhrungen und die Klarheit ihrer Darstellung eine ehrenvolle Stelle in der Kirchengeschichtsschreibung unsercr Tage ein und ist das bedeutendste Denkmal der universalcn Historik aus der Schule Neanders. Daneben haben sie, darin dem grossen Vermittlcr zvvischen der griechischen und der lateinischen Kirche im Alterthum gleichend, dem Texte des Neuen Testa- ments — dem Originaltexte sowohl, wie der enghschen Uebersetzung — stets die regste Aufmerksamkeit ge- schenkt. Ihr " Companion to the Greek Testament and the English Version " ist ein sehr niitzHches Ilandhuch geworden, und als Prasident des Amerikanischen Bibel- Revisions - Comitc's haben Sic, mit clem Englischcn Comite zusammenwirkend, einen hervorragenden An- theil an der oliicklichen Vollenduni^ dieses Q-rossen W^erkes genommen. Aber nicht, wie Hieronymus, war Ihr Absehen dar- aiif gerichtet, die theologischen Streitigkeiten aus dem einen Lande in das andere hiniiber zu tragen und die Grenzen der Lehre so eng wie moglich zu ziehen, son- dern umoekehrt haben Sie es stets fur Ihre Aufo^abe gehalten, versohnend zu wirken, die verschiedenen Kirchenparteien einander anzunahern und das d?Lyj^eveLv h dydnvi uberall zu befordern. Tauschen die Zeichen der Zeit nicht, so ist auch hier Ihre Arbeit mit besonderem Seo^en orekront worden. I3ie vershiedenen evangelischen Denominationen in Ihrer neuen Heimath sind einander wirklich nahcr gekommen, und der kirchliche und wissenschaftliche Wetteifer dient nicht dem Streite, sondern der gegen- seiticren Anerkennungf und Forderuno^. Vergessen konnen wir endlich auch nicht, was Sie den deutschen evano^elischen Gemeinden in Amerika durch Ihre Bemiihungen um Herstellung eines Gesang- buches und einer Liturgie, sowie durch zahlreiche an- dere, unmittelbar in das kirchliche Leben eingreifende Arbeiten geleistet haben. Von Ihrer crfolgreichen akademischen Thatigkeit als Lehrcr Icgcn zahlreichc Schiilcr, die zum Thcil schon als Professoren wirksam sind, beredtes Zcu^niss ab ; abcr wir konnen uns — und zwar in steif^endcni Masse — auch personlich von ihr ijberzeugen ; dcnn jahrlich wachst die Zahl Ihrcr Schiller, die iiber den Ocean kommen, um bei uns ihre Studien fortzusetzen. Wir diirfen es aussprechen, dass wir die amerikanischen Commilitonen stets mit besonderer Freude empfano^en ; denn sie bilden unter unseren Zuhorern eine Gruppe, die an regem Interesse und hingebendem Flciss von keiner anderen iibertroffen wird. Gott der Herr hat es Ihnen, hochverehrter Herr College, vergonnt, iiber das siebzigste Jahr hinaus mit une^eschwachter Kraft arbeiten und wirken zu konnen. Noch vor wenigen Jahren haben Sie zwei grosse neue Unternehmungen begonnen: die GriJndung einer Amer- ikanischen Gesellschaft fiir Kirchcngeschichte, deren Prasident Sie geworden sind und deren Arbeiten Sie leiten, und die Herausgabe einer Bibliothek der Nicii- nischen und Nach - Nicanischen Vater in englischer Uebersetzung. Dass Ihnen Gesundheit und Kraft noch lange erh:d- ten bleiben moge, um all das zu vollenden, was Sie unternommen haben, ist unser herzlichster W'unsch. Indem wir Ihnen diesen Wunsch heutc darbringen, sprechen wir zugleich den Dank dafiir aus, dass Sie die 8 alten Bczichungcn, die Sie mit unserer Facultat verbin- den, nic vergessen, vielmehr stets in freundlichster Weise gepfiegt haben. Seien Sie versichert, dass auch wir in herzlicher Gesinnung Ihrer gedcnken und uns dcs Lcbenswerkes dankbar freuen, das Gott der Herr Ihnen bescheert hat. In vorzuglichster Hochschatzung und Verehrung Eurer Hochwiirden, Die theologische Facultat der Koniglichen Fried- rich-Wilhelms-Universitat B. Weiss, d. z. Deca?i. An Seine Hochwurden den Professor der Kirchengeschichte Herrn Dr. theol. Philipp Schaff, New York. (Translation.) Berlin, November i6, 1892. Most IVorthy Sir, Most Honored Colleague : On this, the anniversary of the day when fifty years ago you won in our High School the venia Icgendi, the Theological Faculty of the Frederick-William-Univcr- sity would present to you, most honored colleague, their heartiest good wishes and prayers. You entered upon your work as Academical In- structor in our High School at the time when the study of Church History, under the lead of Neander and Baur, had taken on a marked impetus. Erbkam, Piper, Kahnis, and Jacobi were among your immediate predecessors ; Renter followed two months later ; these, with yourself, all grateful pupils of Neander and filled with the noble spirit that animated him, were one in your determina- tion to seek the welfare of the Church by mastering with loving zeal the distinctive features of Christian life and thought in order faithfully to impart the results to others. Of this circle of six teachers of Church History who taught together for one year in our Faculty and then passed into other High Schools, you alone are left re- maining, now that our dear colleague Piper also has been called away from his fruitful field of labor. You remained with us but a few semesters. In 1844 you left Berlin to find a new home in North America, lO where at first in the German Theological Seminary at Mercersburg, then afterward in Union Theological Sem- inary, New York, you found scope for your activity. What you have accomplished in these forty-eight years for the Evangelical Churches of that great country, and the position you have achieved for yourself, is an imperishable part of your life story. Like Martin Bucer, who three hundred years before you had crossed over to England to carry thither the light of German theological science, you went over to the New World to sow there the seeds of the same cult- ure, and thus became, through your tireless and richly blessed work the Theological Mediator betw^een the East and the W^est. If to-day the famous theological seminaries in the United States have become nurseries of theological science, so that the old world no longer gives to them alone, but receives from them instruction in turn, this is owing chiefly to your activity. You have introduced into your new Fatherland in English translations an array of valuable and weighty works of German theology, thus naturalizing there that science and causing it to be appreciated. This, however, forms but a small part of your great and fruitful work. You have advanced the science of Theology by works both in German and English, par- ticularly by your great works, the " History of the Apos- tolic Church," the " History of the Christian Church," and the Biblioflieca Symbolica Ecclesicc Universalis [" The Creeds of Christendom "], together with numerous trea- tises on subjects pertaining to Church History, which 1 1 are the fruits of your own independent studies. Your " Church History " in particular has taken a most hon- orable rank among the Church Histories of the dav, by virtue of the thoroug'hness of its execution and the clearness of its style. It is the most notable monument of universal historical learning produced by the School of Neander. In addition to this, and thereby resembling the great Mediator between the Greek and the Latin Church in the past, you have shown the most lively interest in both the original text of the New Testament and its translation into English. Your " Companion to the Greek Testament and the English Version " has be- come a very useful hand-book. And as President of the American Bible Revision Committee in co-operation with the English Committee, you ha\e played a most prominent part in bringing that great work to a happy conclusion. But, unlike Jerome, your aim was not to introduce into one country the theological conflicts of another, nor to draw party lines of doctrine as strictly as possible, but, on the contrary, you have ever made it your task to promote reconciliation, to draw together the various parties in the Church, and everywhere to bring about "the speaking of the truth in love." If the sicfns of the times do not deceive us, vour work in this regard also has been crowned with special blessing. The various Evangelical denominations of your new home are indeed drawing nearer to one an- other, and their ecclesiastical and scholarly emulation 12 no longer minister to strife, but to mutual recognition and co-operation. Lastly, we may not forget what your efforts on be- half of the German Evangelical congregations in Amer- ica have accomplished in the production of a Hymn Book, and of a Liturgy, not to mention a number of other works having an immediate bearing on Church life. The fruitfulness of your academical activity is borne eloquent witness to by many pupils, some of whom are already themselves professors. In this connection we can ourselves, and with ever-increasing emphasis, bring testimony ; for every year adds to the number of pupils who come from you across the ocean to continue with us their studies. We desire here to give expression to the special pleasure with which we welcome American students to our University life; for they are distinguished above all others by the depth of their interest and the ardor of their diligence. The Lord Almighty has vouchsafed to you, most honored colleague, to pass the threshold of your seven- tieth year with activity and strength undiminished. Within the past few years you have begun two great undertakings, the founding of an American Society of Church History, whose President you have become and in the forefront of whose work you stand, and the editing an English translation of a Nicene and Post- Nicene Library of the Fathers. That your health and strength may long abide un- impaired in order that you may bring to a successful is- sue all you have undertaken, is our most heartfelt wish. 13 In communicating to you to-day these, our good wishes, we would at the same time express our grati- tude that you have not only never forgotten the old ties that bind you to our Faculty, but that you have ever cherished them most lovingly. Be assured that we, on our part, bear you in mu.^t affectionate remembrance, and ever rejoice most thank- fully in all that God the Lord has bestowed upon you. With feelings of the highest regard and honor for your worthiness, The Faculty of the Royal Frederick-William-l'ni- versity, B. Weiss, Diixii. To the Most Worthy, The Professor of Church History, Dr. Philip Schaff, New York. DR. SCHAFFS REPLY New York, December 24, 1892. Hoclywiirdige Herreii ! Hochverehrte Herren Collegen ! Hire Epistola congratulatoj'ia zu meinem fiinfzigjahrigen Jubilaeum, datirt vom sechszehnten November, kam in meine Hiinde am zvvolften December, — dem Tage, an welchem ich vor einem halbcn Jahrhundert meinen regelmassigen Cursus akademischer Vorlesungcn in Berlin began n. Ich konntc mir kein edleres und ehrenvolleres Zeugniss meiner bescheidenen Leistungcn wiinschen. Die Theologische Facultat von Berlin hat seit den Tagen Schleiermacher's und Neander's die fort- schreitenden Bewegungen der Protestantischen Theologie geleitet, und A\ird fortwahrend von der Metropole Deutschlands einen bestim- mendcn Einfluss auf die kommenden Geschlechter der Theologen in der alten und neuen Welt ausiiben. Ihr Brief erinnert mich an den gliicklichen Friihling meines Lebens, als ich mit ciner Anzahl gleichgesinnter Freunde und kunftiger His- toriker zu den Fussen von Neander, Twesten, Marheineke, Hengsten- berg, Ritter und Ranke sass, welche damals auf der Hohe ihren Wirk- samkeit standen. Ich erhielt meine ersten theologischen Eindrucke von meinen verehrten Lehrern Schmid, Baur und Dorner in Tubingen. Dr. Baur imponirte mir gewaltig durch seine philosophische und krit- ische Meisterschaft iiber den Gedankenprocess des Apostolischen und Nach-Apostolischen Zeitalters und gab mir zuerst eine klare Idee von der fortschreitenden Entvvicklung in der Geschichte ; aber die negativen Resultate seiner Untersuchungen iiber die Evangelien und Paulinischen Briefe haben mich abgestossen. Dr. Neander, der christliche Israelite ohne Falsch, der durch jNIoses und Plato zum INIessias gcfuhrt uurde, fesselte mich durch seine originelle Personlichkeit, seine kindliche Ein- falt, seine evangelische Katholicitat und seine tiefe Einsicht in die reli- gosen und sittlichen Miichte der Geschichte. Er schricb in mein Al- bum das Paulinische Motto : '■'■Thcologia crucis, Jion gloruc.''' 15 Die Vereinigten Staaten sind mir eine neuc Heimath gewordcn ohne niich von der altcn zu cntfrcniden ; ubcr die neuc Lagc und L'm- gebungen haben nicincn thcoiogischcn Standpunkt modificirt und meine Laufbahn bcstinimt. Deutsche Gelehrsamkeit und deutsche Ideen konnen nicht effectiv auf Amerikanischen Boden vcrpflanzt werden ohne freie Reproduction in cnglischer Sprache und praktische Application an die Bediirfnisse einer freien Kirche in cincm freien Staate. Wenn ich in irgend einem Masse den Beruf eines internatio- nalen und interconfessionellen Vermittlers, welchen Sie in Ueberein- stimmung init Amerikanischen Freunden mir zuschrcibcn, erfCillt habc, so ist dies nicht mein personlishes Verdienst, sondern die Folgc der eigenthiimlichen Umstiinde und Verhiiltnisse, in wclche die \'orsehung mich gestellt hat. Das ehrenvolle Zeugniss, welches Sic unsern Amerikanischen Stu- denten in Berlin austellen, bestatigt was ich mehrmals miindlich von Ihnen gehort habe, und ist mir und mcinen Collegen besonders erfreu- lich. Seit der Griindung von " Prize-Fellowships " a. 1877 (zwci Rei- sestipendien, welche ich nach dem Vorbild der Repetentenstiftung in Tubingen anregte), haben wir jahrlich einen oder zwei unserer besten 'Alumnen fiir zwei Jahre auf deutsche Universtitaten und besonders nach Berlin gesandt, um dort ihre Studicn zu vollenden. Es wird Sie freuen zu erfahren, dass dieselben bald nach ihrer Riickkehr an einfluss- reiche Stellen in theologischen und wissenschaftlichen Anstalten des Landes berufen worden sind. Ich erlaube mir, ein Verzeichniss dersel- ben mit Angabe ihrer gegenwartigen Stellung beizufiigen. Dies ist der beste Beweis der Werthschiitzung deutschcr Cielersamhkcit in Amerika. Wir werden fortfahren, ihnen unsere hoffnungsvollsten Candidaten zuzusenden, um auf diese Weise einen lebendigen Verkehr zwischen Europa und Amerika zu gegenseitigem Vortheil aufrecht zu halten und das Band der Gemeinschaft in der Pflege christlicher Wahrheit und christlichen Lebens immer fester zu kniipfen. Indem ich Ihnen alien viele neue Jahre gcsegneter Wirksamkcit wiinsche, verbleibe ich, Hochachtungsvoll und dankbar, Ihr Freund und Bruder in Christo, Piiii.ii'i" SciiAFr. An die Iloclnvurdigc Tlieologischc Faculiiit der Univcrsiliil zu Ikilin. DR. SCHAFPS REPLY (Translated.) New York, December 24, 1892. Most worthy Sirs ; Highly-esteemed Colleagues : Your semi-centennial Epistola congratulatoria of November 16th reached mc on the 12th of December, — the very day when, fifty years ago, I began my regular course of academic lectures in Berlin. I could not wish a nobler and more honorable testimonial to my liumble labors. The Theological Faculty of Berlin, from the days of Schleiermacher and Neander, has directed the progressive movements of Protestant Theology, and will continue to exercise a controlling influence from the metropolis of Germany upon the rising generation of divines in the old and the new world. Your letter carries me back to the happy spring-time of my life, when with a number of like-minded friends and future historians I sat at the feet of Neander, Twesten, Marheineke, Hengstenberg, Ritter, and Ranke, who were then at the height of their influence. I re- ceived the first theological impulse at Tubingen from my revered teach- ers, Schmid, Baur, and Dorner. Dr. Baur made a profound impression upon me by his philosophical and critical grasp of the intellectual pro- cesses of Apostolic and post- Apostolic Christianity, and first gave me a clear conception of a progressive development in histoiy ; but the neg- ative results of his researches of the Gospels and the Pauline Epistles repelled me. Dr. Neander — that Christian Israelite without guile, who was led by INIoses and Plato to Jesus the Messiah — attracted me still more by his original personality, his childlike simplicity, his evangelical catholicity, and his deep spiritual insight into the religious and moral forces of history. He wrote in my album the Pauline motto : " TJu- ologia cruets, non gloricuT My removal to the United States gave me a new home without alienating my affections from Europe. But the new situation and sur- 17 roundings modified my views and directed my course. German learn- ing and thought cannot be effectively transplanted to American soil unless they arc freely reproduced in the English language and practi- cally adapted to the wants of a free Church in a free State. If I have in any measure succeeded in the mission of an international and inter- denominational mediator, which in common with American friends you kindly assign to me, it is due not to personal merit, but to the peculiar circumstances and relations into which Providence has placed me. The high testimony which you bear to the Alumni of the Union Seminary and other American students in Berlin, confirms what I have heard more than once from your lips, and is especially gratifying to me and my colleagues. Ever since the establishment of two " Prize Fellowships," in 1877 (which I suggested after the example of the Ri- pctcntcnstiftung in Tubingen), the Union Seminary has sent annually one or two of our best graduates, for two years, to German L^niversities, and particularly to Berlin, to finish their studies. It will be gratifying to you to learn that soon after their return they were called to positions of influence in various literary and theological institutions of the coun- try, and I take the liberty of adding a list of them. Their success is the best evidence of the appreciation of German learning in America. We shall continue to send you our most promising Alumni, that in this way a living contract between Europe and America may be kept up for their mutual benefit, in the common pursuit of Christian truth and Christian life. Wishing you all many happy New- Years of health and usefulness, I remain, Thankfully, your friend and brother in Christ, Philip Scii.vff. To THE VERY REVEREND THEOLOGICAL FACULTY OF THE University of Berlin. LIST OF ALUMNI AND PRIZE FELLOWS OF THE UNION THEOLOCilCAL SEMINARY, IN NEW YORK, WHO FINISHED THEIR STUDIES IN BERLIN 1877. Francis Brown, Ph.D., D.D. Davenport Professor of Hebrew and the Cognate Languages, Union Theological Seminary, New York City. 1878. Samuel Franklin Emerson, Ph.D. Professor of History, University of Ycrmont, Burlington, Vt. 1879. Edward Lewis Curtis, Ph.D., D.D. Holmes Professor of the Hebrew Language and Literature, Yale Uni- versity, New Haven, Conn. 1880. Charles Ripley Gillett, A.M. Librarian in Union Theological Seminary, New York City. 18S1. Frank Edward Woodruff, A.M. Professor of the Greek Language and Literature, and Collins Professor of Natural and Revealed Religion, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me. 1882. Harry Norman Gardiner, A.M. Professor of Philosophy, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. 1883. George Holley Gilbert, Ph.D. Iowa Professor of New Testament Literature and Interpretation, Chi- cago Theological Seminary, Chicago. 1S84. Edward Caldwell Moore, A.M. Pastor of the Central Congregational Church, Providence, R. 1. Edwin Knox Mitchell, A.M. Professor of Grasco-Ronian and Eastern Church History, Hartford The- ological Seminary, Hartford, Conn. 1885. Oliver Joseph Thatcher, A.M. Professor of History, University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. Arthur C, McGiffert, Ph.D. Professor of Church History, Lane Theological Seminary, Cincinnati, O. 1886. Robert Ferguson, A.M. Instructor in Modern Languages, Lehigh University, South Bethlehem, Penn. 1887. Howard S. Bliss, A.M. Assistant Pastor, Plymouth Congregational Church, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1888. Hervey D. Griswold, A.m. Foreign Missionary under the Presbyterian Board, at Jhansi, India. 1889. Owen H. Gatfs, Ph.D. Professor of Hebrew and Cognate Languages, Oberlin Theological Sem- inary, Oberlin, O. 1890. William Adams Brown, A.M. Instructor in Church History, Union Theological Seminary, New York City. ACTION OF THE EASTERN SYNOD OF THE REFORMED CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES At the late Annual Meeting of the Eastern Synod of the Re- formed Church in the United States convened October 19-24, 1892, in St. Paul's Reformed Church, Lancaster, Fa., the Rev. Dr. Philip Schaff appeared on the floor of the Synod, on Monday, during the morning session. His presence was announced by the President of the Synod, and the venerable Doctor was received with a hearty welcome by the members of the Synod rising. A Committee was appointed, consisting of Drs. Thomas G. Apple, E. V. Gerhart, and Elder W. W. Moore, to draw up a suitable letter in honor of Dr. Schaff, who, this year, is celebrating the semi-centennial of his professional life. At the afternoon session the Committee appointed to frame this synodical letter, reported the following, which was unanimously adopted : Welcome and Greeting to the Rev. Prof. Philip Schaff, D.D., LLD. Resolved, That this Synod hereby extends its cor- dial welcome and warm greeting to Dr. Schaff, the cele- brated Church historian, who is now present with us. Dr. Schaff needs no introduction to this body. For nearly a quarter of a century he occupied the chair of Church History in the Theological Seminary under the care of this Synod, and along with Rauch and Nevin contributed so much in developing the life and genius of our Reformed Church. Although for years he has been partially separated from us, yet we have followed with deep interest and laudable pride his career in the great w^ork he has accomplished by his distinguished talents and arduous labors for the entire Christian Church, both in Europe and America, until he stands, to-day, in the front of Church historians since the days of the great Neander, with whom in his early life he was associated as Professor. A great portion of the best years of his life was spent in our communion, as Professor in our Seminary, and therefore we welcome and greet him as a dear friend and brother. Especially do we desire to join with his friends in Europe and America in giving him this testimonial of our regard and love, in view of the semi-centennial ot 22 his labors in the capacity of Professor of Church His- tory, which occurs in this month/*' of the present year. \Vc rejoice that his Hfe has been spared to bring- so near to completion his great work on Church History. Even while absent from us, through his works, especially in Church History, he has continued to be a teacher in our Seminary, and his name will go down, with those already named, to succeeding ages, as an honor and an ornament to our institutions. We extend to him and his family our deep sympa- thy in his recent illness. We rejoice in his partial re- covery, and pray that his health may be fully restored and his days be lengthened, to fully complete the great work of his life ; and we invoke the richest benediction of our Heavenly Father upon the evening of his days, until the call comes to him to join the great congrega- tion in the Church triumphant above. Resolved, That a copy of this action be communi- cated to Dr. Schaff, and that it be published in the peri- odicals of our Church. President of the Synod, Rev. S. G. Wagner, D.D., Allentown, Pa. Stated Clerk of the Synod, Rev. Jno. Phil. Stein, Reading, Pa. Lancaster, Pa., October 24, 1892. * As to tlie exact dates, see prefatory notice. DR. SCHAFFS REPLY AND FAREWELL TO THE SYNOD. [This address was printed from stenograpliic reports which appeared in the Lancaster papers and the Reformed Church Messenger, Philadelphia, and revised by the author,] Your address touches the sprinc^s of my heart, and revives the memories of my youth connected with my call to America. Feeble as I am, I must venture on a few reminiscences which will interest my friends and pupils assembled before me. I see the two delegates of your special Synodical meeting licld at Lebanon, in January, 1843, the Rev. Dr. Hoffeditz, of German birth, and as polite as a courtier, and the Rev. Dr. Schneck, a fine specimen of a native American-German, of unusual height (hence called ' the high priest of the German Reformed Church'). They called at my study in Berlin, in the summer of 1843, and informed me that the Theologi- cal Professors of Halle and Berlin, especially Tholuck, Julius Miiller, and Neander, had unanimously directed them to me as a suitable per- son to fill the German Professorship in your Theological Seminary, then located at Mercersburg. Their mission excited considerable at- tention by its novelty and boldness, and the prospect which it seemed to open for the transplantation of German theology to America. King Frederick William IV. invited your delegates to the palace, and showed his interest in your Seminary by a liberal gift of fifteen hundred dol- lars. The House of Hohenzollern, you know, is originally German Reformed, and still uses the Heidelberg Catechism, though strictly devoted to the Evangelical Union of the Lutheran and Reformed Con- fessions since the third centennial of the German Reformation. In December I received a call from your Synod held in Win- chester, Va. It was signed by the President, the Rev. Dr. Berg, of Philadelphia, who soon afterward raised the charge of heresy against me ; while the only member of the Synod who opposed the call, from fear of foreign influence and German neology, became a good friend. In the spring of 1844 I left Berlin, was ordained at Elberfcld, in 24 the church of Dr. Krummacher, before a large congregation, and preached an ordination sermon, which he published in his Pabiibldtter, and which gave rise to bitter attacks from infidel German papers in America. I had thus on my arrival a warm reception from friends and foes. " Before sailing for my adopted country I spent seven weeks in Lon- don and Oxford. What I heard and saw in the May-meetings at Exe- ter Hall, and in the medic-eval Colleges of the venerable University of Oxford, was to me a revelation, and prepared me for my work in America. I made the personal acquaintance of the leaders of the Trac- tarian movement (Pusey, Newman, Marriott), but especially of some of the future leaders of the Broad Church School (as Dean Stanley, Professor Jowett), and other rising scholars of liberal tendency, who treated me with cordial hospitality. A year afterward. Dr. Newman, the singer of " Lead, kindly Light," headed the Anglo-Catholic seces- sion to Rome. He was remarkably reserved when I saw him, for half an hour, at Littlemore, as if he was then seriously contemplating that decisive step which marks an epoch in modern church history, as the secession of Dr. Dol linger from Rome, a quarter of a century later, marks another epoch in the opposite direction. " After a voyage of forty days, in a sailing vessel, I safely reached New York, in July, 1844. There Dr. Wolf, the model of a courteous, kind-hearted. Christian gentleman, who afterward became my col- league, met me, and accompanied me to Easton, where he was then pastor. The next day, Dr. Hoffeditz took charge of me, on my leis- urely journey through East Pennsylvania, stopping at Kutztown, Reading, and Tulpehocken with Rev. Dr. Lcinbach, the father of three ministers, now among my dear pupils. The manners and customs of the people and the Pennsylvanian German dialect (which my friend, the sainted Harbaugh, partly at my suggestion, immortalized in song), were exceedingly interesting to me. Passing through Lebanon to Harris- burg, I met there the delegates of a convention between the German and Dutch Reformed Churches, and for the first time saw Dr. Ncvin, with whom I was to be so intimately connected as colleague. I was struck with his commanding and dignified presence, his familiarity with modern German thought, and his churchly tendency. He preached on that occasion the sermon on " Catholic Unity," which foreshadowed 25 his peculiar theology. I was most cordially received and hospitably entertained in Harrisburg by Judge Bucher. On arriving at Mercers- burg, on the evening of August 12th, the students of the College and Seminary, by way of encouragement and in vague expectation of great things to come, surprised me, who had done nothing as yet, with a torchlight procession and speeches of welcome in German and English. In October I was received into your Synod, at Allcntown, and de- livered, in Dr. Buchcr's church, at Reading, my inaugural address on the " Principle of Protestantism," in the German language, which some hearers misunderstood for Latin or Greek. It was a vindication of the Reformation on the theory of progressive historical development, which was then regarded as dangerous, but is now very generally ac- cepted. This address, which Dr. Nevin translated into English, with a polemical introduction, became the innocent occasion of a long the- ological controversy. A year after its delivery I was accused of heresy by the Classis of Philadelphia, under the lead of Dr. Berg, who denied the validity of Roman Catholic ordinances, and had shortly before rebaptized an Irish monk. About the same time the Old School Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, at its meeting in Cincinnati, had by a resolution unchurched the Roman Catholic Church and declared her baptism invalid ; against this decision, however, her most eminent divines, under the lead of Dr. Charles Hodge, of Princeton, vigorously protested. The Synod of York in 1845 was occupied several days with hearing the charge and defence. Dr. Berg delivered an eloquent popular argument to convict me of a Romanizing tendency. Dr. Ncvin disproved the charge in a weighty reply. I made a German address in self-defence, but as it was not generally understood, I had to attempt another speech, in broken English, which was much shorter but more effective. So much for being brief and for speaking English. The Synod, after every delegate had given his opinion, acquitted me with an overwhelming majority. With such a record I thought I might venture upon the honor- able estate of matrimony, and married a Mary from Maryland, which 1 have never regretted; but this is a private matter. Then followed the development of the " Mercersburg Theology," so called, mainly by Dr. Nevin, in books and through TJic Mercers- 26 burg Review. His pessimistic view on the divided state of Protestant- ism, with which I could never quite agree, misled a few ministers into Romanism ; but this was merely incidental and temporary. The Mer- ccrsburg movement, in its spirit and aim, was hopeful and progressive, and resulted in the consolidation of the Church and a deeper and broader theology. In 1846, I was threatened with a second heresy trial on the subject of the middle state between death and the resurrection, and the hope of the salvation of all children dying in infancy and of such heathen as would have accepted the gospel if it had been offered to them in this world. The charge of heresy was founded on a garbled translation of extracts from my book on " The Sin against the Holy Ghost," written in Germany, in 1841 ; but the matter was satisfactorily settled by the Board of Visitors. In 1848, I ventured on publishing the first Ameri- can theological periodical in the German language, the KircJicnfrciind, for which I had to import from Philadelphia a printer and printing apparatus. The first German edition of my "History of the Apostolic Church " was also printed in Mercersburg, and soon afterward trans- lated into idiomatic English by my dear departed friend, Dr. Yeomans. I soon learned that I could double my influence if I taught and wrote in the ruling language of the country. In 1849, the Committee for the Preparation of a New Liturgy was appointed, of which I was chair- man for seven years. The result was the " Provisional Liturgy " of 1857. You also intrusted me with the compilation of a German Hymn-book, which was completed in 1859, without any help, and is still used in your churches. For your service I prepared a history, and tercentennary edition of the Heidelberg Catechism in German (1863), and a small German Hymn-book, and a German and English Cate- chism, for Sundaj'-schools (1864). In 1850, the removal of the Institutions from the retired village of Mercersburg to a more eligible location began to be agitated, and resulted in the union of Franklin and Marshall Colleges in Lancaster (1853). The Seminary unfortunately was left behind in lonely isola- tion. You refused to let me accept the call to the presidency of the united Colleges, and I declined other attractive invitations. I appreciated your reluctance to spare me from the Seminary, and obeyed. 27 After a visit to Europe (1854), I returned to the Seminary and served it ten years lon^^er, hoping in vain for its removal to Lancaster, which was not effected till 1870. In those years, though overburdened with lectures, I made preparations for a general Church history, and an English reproduction of Lange's " Bible-work." During the Civil War, Mercersburg was constantly exposed to rav- aging raids of the Confederate cavalry. After the battle of Gettysburg, in July, 1863, the Seminary building was turned into a military hos- pital for a thousand wounded Confederate soldiers, who were capt- ured on their retreat to Virginia. At this juncture I felt at liberty to remove to New York, where 1 could hope with the help of large libraries to execute my literary projects. After a second visit to Europe (1865), I was, in the provi- dence of God, assigned a large field of usefulness in the Union Theo- logical Seminary at New York in congenial comi)anionship with hon- ored and beloved colleagues. But my affections remained with you undiminished, I followed with interest your growth and prosperity. And now, when I appear before you, I heartily rejoice in your bright prospects. The Seminary and College are once more united, never to be separated again, and arc steadily advancing in ef^ciency. When I arrived in Mercersburg I found but half-a-dozen theological students; now you have sixty-four. Then there were but two professors, who had to divide their time be- tween the Seminary and the College ; now there are four professors wholly devoted to the Seminary, with a fifth professor just elected, and a new building in prospect for recitation-rooms and a librar\', to be erected on a commanding site in this city. Then there was but one Seminary in your denomination ; now }^ou have four. Then there was but one Reformed congregation in Lancaster, one in Reading, and two in Philadelphia; now their number in these cities is sixfold. Your Synod, which is the mother S\'nod, has given birth to half-a-do/xn daughters in the West. Your membership has increased in proportion, and is steadily growing in intelligence and influence. Your theology and order of worship, and the education of your ministry are far in advance of the crude and unsettled state of things fifty years ago. You have been brought into living contact with the other Reformed Churches of Europe and America through the Tan-I^-csbyterian or 28 Reformed Alliance, and were duly represented at all the Councils — at EdinburL^h, Philadelphia, Belfast, London, and Toronto, Under such favorable auspices it is my rare privilege to meet your Synodical assembly once more, and probably for the last time. I thank you for your kind sympathy with me in the severe illness which interrupted me last summer in the midst of work. The stroke of par- alysis was a warning, and a blessing in disguise. It taught me two cheering lessons : how many friends I have at home and abroad ; and how easy it is to die — " the readiness is all." In the kind providence of God I am so far restored to health that I am able just now to read the last proofs of the seventh volume of my "Church History," which is devoted to the story of the Reformation in my native Switzer- land, and the great labors of Zwingli and Calvin, the chief founders of the Reformed Churches. Providence may still have a few years of usefulness in store for me. The autumnal storms are followed by the Indian summer with its bright sunshine and balmy air, before nature goes to sleep till the resur- rection of the spring. But whether one year or ten years may yet be granted to me, I shall never forget the sweet memories of this day, and it is with profound gratitude that I bid you, my old and dear pupils and friends, an affectionate farewell till we meet again, in the general assembly of the first-born in heaven. There (in the words of my sainted friend, Dr. William A. Muhlenberg, written about sixty years ago in this very city, where he was then rector of the Episcopal church) — *' The saints of all ages in harmony meet, Their Saviour and brethren transported to greet ; Wiiile the anthems of rapture unceasingly roll, And the smile of the Lord is the feast of the soul ! " SUPPLEMENT. Dr. Schaffs Early Impressions of America. The preceding reminiscences of Dr. Schaffs early life in America may be supplemented by a letter of his, dated May, I.S45, to tlie Rev. Dr. \Villiam Julius Mann, his fellow-student and friend, whom he in- vited from Wiirttemberg to Mercersburg, and who became the first Lutheran preacher in America, and professor in the Theological Sem- inary at Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, till shortly before his death, June 20, 1892. This letter has just been published by Rev. Dr. Adolph Spaeth, in his "Memorial of William Julius Mann, D.D., LL.D.," Philadelphia, 1893, pp. 13-15, and is as follows: " If I were in your position, I woiild not, with m\' knowledge of America, hesitate to come to this country. In Wiirttemberg candidates are anxiously looking out for congregations ; here congregations are longing for candidates. There you are hemmed in on all sides in your work; here we have absolute freedom. True, this is poison for those who serve the flesh, but it is a heavenly gift for those who know how to use it for the honor of God and the building up of His kingdom. There it looks like autumn ; here everything is fresh and green. I ad- mit there is still a terrible chaos in all church matters, but we have here an immense material for a grand, new epoch in the history of the Church. The Germans, especially in the West, are sadly demoral- ized ; they are consequently most in need of help, and the future of this republic depends in great measure on the proper training and Christianizing of the German population. This the Anglo-Americans themselves begin to see, and they look, therefore, with greatest interest upon everything that is done among the Germans and for the Cicr- mans. " Even if the professorship which I desire for you should fail, you could be a most useful man as a German pastor. Of course one can- not expect just to settle down for a comfortable life in a congregation. But the men that have no courage and delight in denying themselves 30 and suffering for the Lord's sake, are unfit for the ministry in the old world as well as the new. Whoever is filled with missionary zeal and ready to be satisfied with* little in the beginning, not afraid of any kind of deprivation and sacrifice, and willing to gather the scattered Ger- mans into congregations, finds here an immense field of labor, and will become a blessing to thousands. It is really a shame that in Germany there are so many candidates standing idle in the market-place, whilst here multitudes of their countrymen are wandering about like sheep without a shepherd, or are falling a prey to ravening wolves. " Come over and help us! I do not mean to urge you, on account of the responsibility I would have to assume. For the same reason I do not hold out brilliant prospects to you. The life of the Christian here, as well as with you, is a chain of self-denials and sacrifices, and in the new world the principle rules as well as in the old, that we must through much tribulation enter into the kingdom of God. Those candidates who look upon the ministerial ofifice simply as the cow which is to furnish them with milk and butter, had better stay in Ger- many. They would only create trouble in this country, and would be disappointed in finding the cow not as fat as they expected. For, God be praised, the people here have sufificient taste and judgment to find the gospel more interesting than the diluted morality of rationalism. " But I am confident that if you come 5^ou will come with a mis- sionary spirit, and will never lose sight of that great and glorious aim, the building up of the kingdom of God and the training of the young. May God put His counsel into your heart, and overrule all for your Qiood to the honor of His glorious name." CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS OF THE FAC- ULTY AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IN NEW YORK New York, October 28, 1892. To the Reverend Philip Schaff, D.D., LLD. Dear Sir and Brother: With the present month you complete a half century of service as a Christian teacher. During- the last twenty-three years of this long period, you have been closely identified with Union Theological Seminary; and )our colleagues in the Faculty of that institution, together with the members of its Board of Directors, are unwilling to allow so interesting an anniversary to pass without a special expression of their high esteem and affection. In tendering to you our congratulations, we have in mind not only our pleasant personal relations with yourself, but also the significance of this period of lit- erary activity to the Church of Christ, to the cause of ministerial education, and to Christian literature. In your honorable and faithful career we discover no mere happy concurrence of circumstances apart from your personal and scholarly worth, but the ripe and legitimate result of generous natural endowments, se- verely trained, and developed by the arduous and un- remitted toil of a lifetime. From the hands of such masters as Neander, Tho- luck, and Julius jMiiller, from the influences of the uni- versities of Tubingen, Halle, and Berlin' — you passed into the life of this country before the touch of the great educational centres of Europe had been fairly felt in our 34 schools ; and brought to bear upon the study of Chris- tian Theology and its kindred themes the forces which had moulded your own thought and your literary methods. These forces you have exerted from various and commanding positions ; from the pulpit, from the chairs of T/ieoIogy. of Biblical Exegesis, of Biblical Languages, and of Church History, and through the medium of the religious and secular press. The range of your studies and of your literary pro- duction bears witness to the breadth of your scholarly ideal, no less than to your unflagging industry. You have dealt with most departments of the theological cur- riculum, and with many subjects of a more distinctively literary character. In the great department which you now represent in this institution — that of Church His- tory — it is gratifying to us to know that your work is recognized, appreciated, and respected on both sides of the Atlantic. In your numerous contributions to Bibli- cal Exegesis, you have contemplated not only the needs of the professional student, but also those of the lay- man ; so that your commentaries have a place at the fireside as w^ell as in the minister's library. While you have expounded the Creeds of CJirlstendoin for maturer minds, you have made Catechisms for the children. You have prepared manuals of holy song for the sanc- tuary, and hymnals for the little ones. Through at least six translations from your original you have vindi- cated the claims of the divine power of our Lord and Saviour in Germany, France, Holland, Greece, Russia, 35 and Japan. You have made the Church acquainted with the biographies of saintly men and of Christian scholars, and have illustrated and rendered available the writings of the Christian Fathers. The great work of Bible Revision is largely indebted to your labor. \()w have wrought for a better understanding and a closer union among the sects of Christendom, and for the pres- ervation and promotion of the observance of the Lord's Day, especially among our vast German population. Nor have your literary labors isolated you from your fellow men. The atmosphere of the cloister has never encompassed you. You have mingled freely with men of all professions and of all sects; and your contact with the living and working world, no less than your intimate intercourse with the leaders of Christian thought on both continents, has kept you in touch with the men and the things of your day, and has fostered in you that generous fraternal spirit and that unixersal char- ity which we have learned to associate with your name. In congratulating you upon this rich and varied record, — in expressing, on behalf of our own and of sister institutions, and of the whole Church of Christ, our thankfulness for the work of your life, — we give the glory first as you give it, to God, the source of all wisdom ; to Jesus Christ, in whose love and for whose Church you have wrought; and to the IIol)- Sj)irit, who inspires the minds no less than the hearts of Ciod's true servants. We rejoice with you in your happy retrospect of a long and useful career; in the thought of the many Christian teachers )ou have helped to 36 mould, of the improved facilities for study which you have placed in so many hands, of the beneficent forces you have evoked by your pen, of the enlargement of knowledge, the approaches to Christian unity, the broader charity which you have done so much to pro- mote. Your work cannot end with your life. It must follow you when you have rested from your labors; and its rich fruitage will be gathered by generations to come. And now, as the shadows lengthen on your path, alonof with the assurances of our esteem and affection goes our earnest prayer that you may enjoy to the full that peace and cheer which should come back to you in the memory of faithful and fruitful service, and which should abide with you in the constant presence of Him for whom you have toiled, and in the anticipation of unveiled vision, of perfect love and of perfect character in the eternal presence of God. May the peace of God which passeth all understand- ing, keep your heart and mind in the knowledge and love of God, and of His Son, Jesus Christ, our Lord. Charles Butler, President. E. M. KiNGSLEY, Secretary. Tiio.*: S. Hastings, Geo : L. Prentiss, C. A. Briggs, ^ Marvin R. Vincent, ( '^' ^^ ^' Francis Brown, J. H. Worcester, Jr.,/ CiiAf P. Fagnani, Wm. Auams Brown, Tutors. REPLY TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. New York, 15 East Forty-third Street, November 14, 1892. My Dear Dr. Butler : Your honored name, representing the Board of Directors, heads the h'st of signatures to the Congratulatory Address on the fiftieth anni- versary of my course as a public teacher of theology. This address was to me unexpected, and makes me feel both humble and thankful. The best part of my manhood has been identified with the Union Theological Seminary, and it is very gratifying that my services, how- ever imperfect, are fully appreciated by the Board, under your presi- dency. You are the only surviving patriarch and founder of the Seminar}', You have followed its history through all its stages and trials with loving and intelligent interest; you have preserved to the ninety-first year of your life the ardor and hopefulness of youth, and you have de- monstrated your devotion by the generous act of founding a new and important professorship, which has become the innocent cause of the recent crisis of the Institution. You have presided over the counsels of the Board during this crisis with calmness, wisdom, and courage, and have shown that you, with the whole Board, fully understand the prov- idential mission of UNION Seminary, which, besides training practical and efficient preachers and pastors at home and abroad is to become also more and more, in fulfilment of the prophecy of its name, a theo- logical university for the cultivation of Christian learning and the pro- motion of Christian union among all true worshippers of our blessed Lord and Saviour. I cannot hope for many more years of work, but my only wish is to devote them to the service of Christ in our beloved Institution, which now more than ever calls for the united efforts and energies of its directors;, teachers, and friends. 38 Thanking you and all the members of the Board for this testi- monial of affectionate regard, and invoking upon you God's richest blessing in the serene and peaceful evening of your long, honorable, and useful life, 1 am, Very truly yours, Philip Schaff. Charles Butler, Esq., LL.D,, President of the Board of Directors of the Union Theological Seminary, N'ew York. REPLY TO THE FACULTY. New York, 15 East Forty-third Street, November 14, 1892. My Dear Colleagues ami Friends : The Congratulatory Address of October 28th, by which you sur- prised me during my absence in Atlantic Cit)', on the completion of a half century of theological teaching, beginning in the University of Berlin and ending in the Union Theological Seminary, has filled my heart with overflowing gratitude to God, by whose free grace alone I am what I am, and to you, with whom I have been associated in public work and private friendship for more than twenty-three }-ears. Such a testimony from those wdio know me best, is the richest re- ward I could wish in this world, and the strongest stimulus to devote to the Union Seminary the Indian summer of my life, which will be brief but, I hope, sunny, balmy, and not unfruitful. With the best wishes and prayers for you all, and for the noble Institution with which we are identified, I am. Very truly and gratefully yours, Philip Schaff. To THE Faculty of the Union Theological Seminary, New York. THE STUDENTS OF THE UNION THEOLOGI- CAL SEMINARY IN NEW YORK To the Rev. Philip Schaff, D.D., LLfD. : As students at the Union Theological Seminary, we desire to unite with Dr. Schaff's many friends, on both sides of the Atlantic, in tenderincj cono-ratulations to our Professor of Church History upon the completion of his half-century of service in so many departments of theology. By listening to his lectures and by study- ing his works, we have learned to appreciate the wide range of investigation and the versatility of talent which have long since given to the name of Philip Schaff an international reputation. We desire to re- cord our testimony to the vigorous, progressive, and reverent spirit which has ever characterized his presen- tation of fact and doctrine, and which has given him the right to say : " Christianus sum ; Christiani nihil a me alienum puto." While we rejoice in his partial recovery to health, we wish for him the complete and rapid restoration of 41 all his powers, with yet many years of useful service for this Seminary, and for the universal Church of Christ. On behalf of the students, J. WiNTHROP PlATNER, Ambrose Wihte Vernon, !^ Committee. J. Everett Frame, Union Theological Seminary, New York, December 21, 1892. REPLY 15 East Forty-third Street, New York, December 28, 1892. My Dear Young Friends and Fellow-Students : I sincerely thank you for the letter of congratulation which you sent me in behalf of the three Classes of the Union Theological Sem- inary. I have now devoted to this institution twenty-three years, and have grown richer every year in the number of Alumni who went forth to preach the Gospel of our blessed Lord and Saviour in all parts of this land, and in foreign mission fields white for the harvest. The best reward which a teacher can desire from his pupils is a tes- timonial of gratitude and affection ; and his noblest ambition is that his pupils may outgrow him. He must be willing to decrease that they may increase. The ties which bind them together arc, in purity and strength, next to the ties between parents and children ; but with this difference, that a teacher is as much indebted to his pupils for in- spiration and success as they are to him for instruction. From long familiarity with L'nivcrsity life in Europe and America I am happy to bear testimony to the fact that American students of 42 . . . ^ theology, while often deficient in philological and philosophical prepa- ration, are inisurpasscd in the higher qualities of moral earnestness, manly independence, personal piety, and practical fitness for the duties of the ministry. They do not study for a comfortable living, but from love to Christ, and zeal for the promotion of His kingdom. "Art is long and life is short." But life is long enough to answer its purposes, and to do all the good we arc capable of doing and are expected to do. The greatest art is the art of living, and this consists in making the temporal life on earth a forecourt of life eternal in heaven. Only he is happy in this world who contributes to the happi- ness of his fellow-men. You are devoted to the noblest and most interesting study that can engage the attention of an immortal mind. Your lot has been cast in a stirring age and country, full of hope and promise. The coming century has great surprises in store for the Church and the w^orld. God has a vast amount of work to do yet, and needs workmen for the building up of His kingdom at home and abroad. I hope soon to resume my labors of teaching and learning Avith you, if the Lord will give me new strength after a brief season of ill- ness and repose. But we must ever be mindful that we know not the day nor the hour when the Son of Man cometh to call us to an ac- count of our stewardship. My earnest wish and prayer is that you may be thoroughly equipped for your future work, and abundantly blessed in the field of labor to which the Lord in His providence may call you. Believe me, very truly, your friend, Philip Schaff. To Messrs. J. WlNTIIROP PlATNER, \ Ambrose White Vernon, > Couunittee. J. Everett Frame, ) LETTER FROM THE THEOLOGICAL FAC- ULTY OF YALE UNIVERSITY Yale University, New Haven, Conn., November 28, 1892. Rev. "Philip Schajf, D.D., LLD., Union Theological Seminary: Dear Sir: The Faculty of Yale Divinity School beg leave to offer to you their cordial congratulations at the expiration of a half-century of laborious and use- ful service as a Theological Instructor in public insti- tutions of learning. In addition to the benefits which have resulted from your oral instructions to successive classes of students through so many years, you have enriched the literature of the department of theology, which you have especially cultivated, by numerous writ- ings of great value. During all this period you have been engaged in bringing into a closer mutual acquaint- ance the scholars of Europe and America. \\'e are glad to recognize the catholic spirit and kindly temper which have marked your entire literary career. Permit us to express our deep regret that your health should be in any degree impaired, and our desire that you may long be spared to continue the studies 46 which have given you a well-earned distinction on both sides of the Atlantic. We remain, dear Dr. Schaff, Very sincerely yours, Timothy Dwight, George E. Day, Samuel Harris, George P. Fisher, Lewis O. Brastow, Edward L. Curtis, George B. Stevens, Frank C. Porter, Arthur Fairbanks. ANSWER New York, December lo, 1802. My Dear Dr. Dwigbt : The semi-centennial congratulation of November 28th, signed by yourself and the members of the Theological Faculty of Vale Univer- sity, was as welcome to me as it was unexpected, and receives additional weight from the high reputation of the Institution which you repre- sent. Some of the signers are known to me not only by name and fame, but also as personal friends. Professor Curtis was one of my best stu- dents. Professor Stevens aided me in the edition of the Works of St. Chrysostom. Professor Fisher is a beloved and congenial co-worker in the field of Church History. Your own name and that of the venerable Dr. Day call to my mind the work of the Anglo-American Bible revision, in which you and your honored predecessor, President Woolsey, have taken such a prom- inent share for more than ten years. No members of the Committee were better prepared, more regular in attendance, and more weighty in judgment than the three representatives of Yale, I look back upon our monthly meetings at my study in the Bible House with unalloyed satisfaction. It is impossible that a work to which a hundred scholars of various denominations of England and America have unselfishly de- voted so much time and strength, can be lost. Whether the Revised Version may or may not replace the King James's Version, it will re- main a noble monument of Christian scholarship and co-operation, which in its single devotion to Christ and to truth rises above the dividing lines of schools and sects. You approve of the "catholic spirit" and "kindly temper" of my literary career. I was gradually trained into the position of an evan- gelical and irenic catholicity by the silent influence of personal inter- course with good men and Christian scholars of different nationalities and churches. I feel all the happier for being able to appreciate the 48 merits of those from whom I differ. I believe and rejoice in " the communion of saints." You kindly allude to my recent sickness. I have reason to hope that, in the providence of the Dispenser of life and death, I may be able before long to resume my professorial duties and to complete some literary works. For the rest, to ^fju, Xpca-ro'i, koI to uTroSavelVy KepSo<;. With my best thanks and wishes to you and your colleagues, I am, faithfully yours, Philip Schaff. To the Rev. Timothy Dwight, D.D., LL.D., President of Yale University. TESTIMONIAL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK The Council of the University of the City of New York, on the 25th of November, conferred upon Dr. Schaff the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity. As he declined, on account of ill-health, the ceremony of a public reception, the diploma was delivered to him in- formally, at his residence, December 3d, by a committee consisting of Dr. Charles Butler, President of the Council; the Rev. Dr. H. M. MacCracken, Chancellor, and William S. Opdyke, Secretary. After a few remarks by the President, the Chancellor made the following ad- dress : ADDRESS OF CHANCELLOR MacCRACKEN The University of the City of New York instructs me to present to you this diploma of the Degree of Doctor of Divinity. We do this with the highest satisfaction. \\x greet you on this Jubilee of your academic life as citizen, scholar, brother, and Christian. Switzerland, the mother of republics, never gave us a citizen more patriotic ; nor Germany, the mother of universities, a scholar more broad and versatile ; nor Europe, the mother of our common race, a kindlier man ; while above Switzerland, and Germany, and Europe, far loftier than fhey, rises the City of God, the Civitas Dei of Augustin. And of this City — the Church Universal — you have been a citizen who needed no naturalization because of crossing the ocean. From the beginning of your career as a teacher, fifty years ago, in Berlin, to this hour, you have been her loyal son, her faithful steward, bringing from the treasury of history and the Bible things new and old, making every Christian denomina- tion and minister the richer and happier through the treasures which you have amassed, and which you have scattered in tens of thousands of pages with liberal hand. While independent, and even daring in your theology and philosophy, you have so combined the 52 sweetness of manner with courage of soul that you are to-day beloved by conservative and progressive alike. The University Council and Faculties, men of varied denominations and views, are all alike cordial in voting this degree. We feel that w^e shall be highly honored by your accepting it, and thus becoming an adopted son of the University of the City of New York. REPLY OF DR. SCHAFF I accept with grateful pleasure this mark of respect from the Uni- versity of the metropolis of America. 1 had the honor to represent you four years ago at the Eighth Cen- tennial of the University of Bologna, — the oldest in Europe. Your Board of Directors is presided over by the same venerable sage, now past ninety years, as the Theological Institution with which I am con- nected as professor. Your University and the Union Theological Seminary are of nearly the same age, were founded by gentlemen of the same liberal and catholic Christian spirit, and have recently entered into a friendly alliance, which is helpful to both without being embar- rassing to either. You recognize in your charter and course of instruction the inesti- mable value of unscctarian Christianity in the training of character, which is the true end of education. Your University has already impressed its name on the progress of science and civilization by the discoveries of its professors, Morse and Draper. It has made valu- able contributions to philosophical and historical literature. It has added pedagogy to its branches of stud}'. It has held up from the beginning the high standard of a real University in the widest sense of the term. It has just entered upon a new epoch by the pur- chase of a magnificent site and corresponding enlargement of its 53 operations in a city whose growth and future prosperity defy human calcuhitions. In justice to the occasion, you expect me to say something of my- self also. If three Universities of such celebrity as those of Berlin, St. Andrew's, and New York, unite in conferring the same degree upon one person, it indicates that, in their estimation, he must be a sort of pontifex, that is, a bridge-builder or international interpreter of thought. When on the 3d of December, 1842, I delivered my first public lecture in the University of Berlin, 1 was ignorant of the English language and had no prospect or desire of ever seeing America. But, ** There's a divinity that shapes our ends, Roughhew them how we will." Man proposes, God disposes. He prepares and equips His servants for work, and assigns to them fields of labor which they would not choose for themselves. If I now look back upon my early training, it seems to me that I was foreordained for America. That I was not born here is no fault of mine, for I didn't know enough at that time to make a selection. INIy birth and education in republican Switzer- land at once made me feel at home in the political institutions of the United States. My German theology and my theory of historical development did not fit so well into the notions which prevailed here fifty years ago, and my Inaugural Address on the Principle of Protest- antism unexpectedly involved me in a heresy trial, which might have resulted in my return to Europe one year after xny arrival. But, fortu- nately, I have outlived the attack, and was permitted to labor in this land of freedom and of the future, as a public teacher in the service of the Christian Church, beyond the Psalmist's limit of threescore years and ten. Of the value of my services it is not for me to judge; it is enough to say that they are far below my own ideal, and arc only preparatory to far more important work which will be done by the theologians of the next generation. We must decrease that our chil- dren and children's children may increase. Thanking you again for your kindness, I invoke ujion the Univer- sity of New York the richest blessing of God in fulfilling more and more its great educational mission for the city and the country. ACTION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CHURCH HISTORY [The following Miiuite was adopted, in Dr. Schaff's absence, by the American Society of Church History, at its fifth annual meeting held in the City of Washington, D. C, December 28, 1892, unanimously, and by a rising vote :] In view of the fact that the Rev. Dr. Schaff, our honored President, celebrates this month the fiftieth anniversary of his career as a Teacher of Thcoloi^w it is fitting' that we as a Society should take notice of so interesting an event. In thus doing we shall not be by any means the first to pay him honor on this occasion. Already has he received congratulator)- addresses from the Eastern Synod of the German Reformed Church, assembled in Lancaster, Pa. ; from the Union Theo- logical Seminary, in New York City, in which he has labored for twenty-three years; from \'ale I'niversity, and from the University of Berlin. Hie last is particu- larly noteworthy inasmuch as he began his career as a teacher in that University, and so the address reviews his professorial and literary life. The University of tlu- City of New York bestowed upon him, in the current month, the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinit}-. 56 Wc cannot add to his honors nor extend his useful- ness. But we can, as his friends, and as interested in those historical studies by which he has won such fame, testify our appreciation of his services. We have each of us felt his influence upon our intellectual life. We are indebted to him for much that we know of Church History. As a Society we owe him our very existence, and the programme of each meeting has been largely of his suggestion. We thank him for his indefatigable efforts on our behalf. We regret that he is not with us to receive in person our congratulations upon the com- pletion of half a century as a Teacher of Theology, and pray God to restore him to health, so that he may con- tinue those labors w^hich have made his name a house- hold word in more Christian homes than that of any other living divine. A true copy, from the official minutes. Samuel Macauley Jackson, Secretary. New York, December 31, 1892. APPENDIX CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF DR. SCIIAFF'S WRITINGS [Tlie more important works are stereotyped and marked by a *. The others are out of print. Contributions to American and foreign periodicals and encyclopoedias are omitted.] L GERM.\N WORKS. Die SiJNDE wider den Heiligen Geist, und die daraus gezogenen dogma- tischcn und cthischen Folgerungen. Eine excgetisch-dogniatibche Abhand- lung, nebst einem historischen Anhang iiber das Lcbenscndc dcs Francesco Spiera. Halle (Lippcrt). 8°, 210 pp. 1841. Das Verhaltnisz des Jakobus, Bruders des Herrn, zu Jakobus Ai.phai, auf's neue exegctisch und historiscli untersucht. Berlin (Wohlgenuuh). 8°, pp. 99. 1842. An essay on the Brethren of Christ, pro Vc-fiia Icgcndi in the University of Berlin [Habilitationsschrijt). Das Princip des Protestantismus (Inaugural Address as Professor of Biblical Literature and Church History at Mercersburg). Chambersburg, Pa. 8°, xiv., 180 pp. 1845. For the English ed. see below, p. 59. Der Anglogermanismus. Eine Rede gehalten den lOtcn Marz, 1846, vor der Schillergesellshaft dcs Marshall Collcgiunis. Chambersburg. 1846. The same in English translated by J. S. Ermcntrout. In this address the author first publicly expressed his hopeful view of America as follows : " It is surely no empty fancy, when we hazard the assertion, that America and, first of all, its heart, the United States, m which is concentrated at the iircsent time its whole spirit- ual force and meaning, will be the principal arena for the future development of the his- tory of the world and the Church. For history pursues the course of the sun from cast to west. It arose in the Orient ; then directed its march over to (Jreece and Rome; during the Reformation to Germany and England ; and from thence the northern portion of the New World was principally settled. Ry this, however, we would by no means affirm that Europe has already run out the course of its lile. Rather, it is si ill the proj-icr centre of history in all its rlepartments ; and our ,'\merican life is still substantially European in character, or, as Hegel says (in his ' Philosophy of History '), ' the echo of the Old World and the expression of a foreign life." As we derive from Europe our population, so also our languages and civilization, our morals and customs, our science and art, our religion, and even our fashions. But this does not overthrow our jirevious assertion. History proceeds with wonderful foresight. It prepares the soil for its future develop- ments long before it abandons its earlier field of action. Such a preparation is here going forward before our eyes daily, and that, too, on a most magnificent scale. On the other hand, there is no want of convincing signs, that tlie stream of history is in reality directing its course, more clearly every day, from the old to the new world." Geschichte der Apostomschen Kirche, nebst ciner allgcmeinen Einlcitung in die Kirchengeschichte. (Dedicated to the memory of Ncandcr.) Mer- cersburg and Philadelphia. 1851. (xvi., 576 pp. 8°.) , second ed., revised and enlarged. Leipzig (Holtze). 1854. (xvi., 6S0 pp.) 58 Geschiedenis der Apcstoi.ische Kerk. Door J. W. Lublink Weddik. Tiel (H. C. A. Campaync). 718 pp. 1857. This Dutch translation was made from the second German edition. Systematische Wohlthatigkeit. Also in English: Systematic Benevo- lence. Mercersbiirg, Pa., 1852. (32 pp.) Amekika : Die politischen, socialen und kirchlich-rcligiosen Zustandc der Verein- igten Staaten von Nord-Amerika mit bcsonderer Riicksicht auf die Dcutschcn, aus eigener Anschauung dargestellt. Berlin (Wicgandt & Grie- bcn), (xxiv., 366 pp.) 1854. Second cd. enlarged, 1858. in English, by Edward D. Yeomans. New York (Ch. Scribner). 1855. (291 pp.) in Dutch, by De Schryver. Rotterdam ;Van der Meer & Verbruggen). 1855. Deutschi.and und Amerika. An address delivered before the German Evan- gelical Church Diet at Frankfurt a.M. 1854. Der heilu;e Augustinus. Sein Lebcn und Wirkcn. Berlin (Hertz). 1854. (vi., 129 pp.) in English, by Prof. Thomas C. Porter. London (Bagster) "k New York. 1854. *CHRlsri,iCHER Katechismus mit Bibelspriichen fiir Schule und Haus. Cham- bersburg, 1861 ; revised and enlarged, Philadelphia (J. Kohler). 192 pp. 1863. Small ed. without Scripture proofs and notes. Both editions were fre- quently republished, and since 1892 are issued by the Presbyt. Board of Publication, Philadelphia. For the English ed. see below, p. 59. An enlarged German ed. by Prof. Dr. Georg Pfleiderer : Philip SchafPs Christliche Glaubens- und Sittenlehre. Stuttgart, 1874. (-79 PP-) Der Anglo-Amerikanische Sonntag. Eine Abhandlung, vorgetragen vor der Nationalcn Sonntags-Convention zu Saratoga, am 11 August, 1863. Sab- bath Com"" Doc, No. XVII. New York, 1863. German and English. *Der Heidelberger Katechismus. Nach der ersten Ausgabe von 1563 revidirt, und mit kritischen Anmerkungen, sowie einer Geschichte und Charateristik des Katechismus vcrsehen. 168 pp. Philadelphia (J. Kohler) and Bremen (C. Ed. Miiller). 1863. Second ed. revised, 1866. Der Burgerkrieg und das christliche Leben in Nord Amerika. Vor- trage gehalten in Berlin und mehreren Stadten Deutschlands und der Schweiz. Berlin (Wiegandt & Grieben). 1865. Third ed. 1866. (72 pp.) Transl. into English by Rev. C. C. Starbuck, in the Christian IntcUii:^ciiccr. New York, 1866. Geschichte der alten Kirche von der Geburt Chrisli bis zum Ende des 6ten Jahrh., 1867 ; 2d ed. in 3 vols., 1869. (.xvi., 1250 pp.) Leipzig (Hinrichs). Die Person Jesu Christi : das Wunder der Geschichte. Sammt einer Widerle- gung der falschen Thcorien, und einer Sammlung von Zeugnisscn der Un- gliiubigen. 234 pp. Gotha (Rud. Bcsscr). 1865. * Republished in (ierman by the American Tract Societv. Pp. 336. New York. 1865. In English (see below, p. 60). Transl. into Dutch by J. H. Cordes, with an Introduction by Dr. J. J. van Oosterzee. Groningen (Noordhoff). 1866. Transl. into French by M. Sardinoux. Toulouse (Societe des livres relig- ieux). 1866. Also translations into Greek, Russian, Bulgarian, Japanese, etc. 59 DTK Christusfrage. Berlin (Wicgandt & GriebenJ. 187 1. Republished by the Amer. Tract Society. 1872. August Neander. Erinnerungen. Mit cincm liildniss. viii., 76 pp. Coiha (Fr. Andr. Perthes). 1886. II. ENGLISH WORKS. The Principle of Protestantism, as related to the present state of the Church. Inaugural Address, transl., with an Introduction, by Dr. John W. Ncvin. 215 pp. Chambcrsburg, Penn. (Publ. Office of the German Ref. Church, now in Philadelphia). 1845. What is Church History ? A Vindication of the Idea of Historical Develop- ment. Transl. from the German by Dr. Nevin. (In defence of "The Princ. of Protest. "j 128 pp. Philadelphia (J. B. Lippincott & Co.). 1846. Dante's Divina Com.media. An Address delivered before the Goethean Literary Society of Marshall College, August 28, 1846. Transl. by Jerem. H. Good. Chambersburg, Pa. 1846. (47 pp.) *History of the Apostolic Church, with a General Introduction to Church History. Transl. by Edward D. Yeomans. 684 pp. New York (Charles Scribner). 1853. Several editions unchanged. An ed. was also published by T. & T. Clark, Edinljurgh, 1854, in 2 vols. Superseded in part by the first vol. of the author's General Church History. American Nationality. An Address before the Irving Society of the College of St. James, Md. 24 pp. 1856. Germany : Its Universities, Theology, and Religion. With sketches of Neander, Tholuck, Olshausen, Hengstcnbcrg, Twestcn, Nitzsch, .Muller, Ullmann, Rothc, Dorner, Lange, Ebrard, Wichern, and other distinguished German divines of the age. 418 pp. Philadelphia (Lindsay & Blakiston). 1857. Transl. into Dutch by Dr. D. Harting. Utrecht. 1858. Later sketches of the German Universities and Theological Faculties were published in the New York Indcpi'iidcnt for 1885 and 1886. Thi. Moral Character of Christ. An Address delivered before the Porter Rhetorical Society of the Theological Seminary at Andover, August i, i860. 53 ])p. Chambersburg, Pa. 1S61. *A Christian Catechism for Sunday-schools and Families. Philadelphia (American Sunday-School Union). 1880, etc. Large ed. with Proof-tests and Notes, 167 pp. ; small ed., 74 pp. This catechism was originally prepared for family use at Mcrcersburjj, 1S61, anH published in various editions, authorized and unauthorized, at ChnmbcrsburR, Hosion, New York, Philadelphia, and Toronto. Transl.ited by American missionaries into the Neslorian. Ara- bic, Chinese, Bulgarian, and other languages. The plates of the large and small KngMsh editions were presented bv the author to the American Sunday-School Union m 18S0, the plates of the German editions were presented by him to the I'rcsbyterian Board of Publi- cation, Philadelphia, in 1891. See p. 58. 6o •History of the Christian Church, begun 1859; 5th edition, thoroughly re- vised and cnlargetl. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons) and Edinburgh (T. & T. Chirk). 1889-92. Voh I. Apostohc Christianity, A.D. l-ioo. 871 pp. Vol. II. Ante-Nicenc Christianity, A.D. 100-335. ^77 PP- Vol. HI. Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity, A.D. 325-600. 1049 pages. Vol. IV'. Mediasval Christianity, A.D. 590-1073. 799 pages. Vol. V. MediiEval Christianity, A.D. 1073-15 17. In course of preparation. Vol. VI. Modern Christianity — The German Reformation. 755 pp. Vol. VII. Modern Christianity — The Swiss Reformation (1892). 890 pp. The first three volumes have been freely translated into Chinese by Rev. D. Z Sheffield (a missionary of the American Board), and into Hindostani bv Rev' Robert Stewart (of the Presbyterian Mission of Sialkot). An abridged Italian tr.inslation by I'rof. Em. Comba, of ihe VValdensian College at Florence, 1892. On the German ed. see p. 58. *The Person of Christ ; The Perfection of His Humanity viewed as a Proof of His Divinity. With a collection of impartial testimonies. Published first at Boston, 1865, then in revised ed. in New York (American Tract Society) and London (James Nisbct & Co.), 12th ed., 1882. 285 pp. This work has been translated into several languages, partly from the German, partly from the ICnglish ed. An abridgment has been published as a tract by the Religious Tract Society in London. The Anglo-American Sabbath. New York (American Tract Society). 1863. The Report of Dr. Schaff's ^Mission to Europe in Behalf of the Evan- gelical Alliance for the Sixth General Conference. 39 pp. New York. 1870. Report of the Deputation of the American Branch of the Evangel- ical Alliance, Appointed to Memorialize the Emperor of Russia IN Behalf of Religious Liberty. 32 pp. New York. 1871. The Theology for Our Age and Country. (Inaugural Address as Professor of Union Theological Seminary.) 18 pp New York. 1872. The Revision of the English Version of the Holy Scripture. First pub- lished as an Introduction to a vol. on Revision of the English \'ers., 1873, then scpa*-ately, with sundry additions, by order of the Amer. Committee on Revision. New York (Harper &. Brothers). 3d ed. 1877. *BlBLIOTHECA SYMDOLICA ECCLESI^ UNIVERSALIS. THE CREEDS OF CHRISTEN- DOM. With a History and Critical Notes. New York (Harper &. Brothers). London (Hoddcr & Stoughton), 1877, 6th ed., 1890, 3 vols. Vol. I. The History of Creeds, xvii., 941 pp. Vol. II. The Greek and Latin Creeds. With Translations, vii., 607 pp. \'ol. III. The Evangelical Protestant Creeds. With Translations, vii., 914 pp. The Harmony of the Reformed Confessions, as related to the Present State of Evangelical Theology. An address delivered before the First Council of the Pan-Presbyterian Alliance at Edinburgh, 1877, and publ. there and also at New York (Dodd, Mead & Co.), 70 pp. *Through Biiu.e Lands. Notes of Travel in Egypt, the Desert, and Palestine. 4-^4 pp. New York (Amer. Tract Soc.) and London (James Nisbet &: Co.), 187S ; 2d ed., with an additional chapter by Edouard Naville, on the Bible and Egyptology. 460 pp. 1889. With illustrations. 6i Christianity in the Unitkd States. Address before the Seventh General Conference of the Evangelical Alliance, held in Basel, Switzerland. 69 pp. New York. 1879. *A Dictionary of the Bible. Including IMography, Natural History, Geog- raphy, Topography, Archasology, and Litcratule. With twelve colored maps and over four hundred illustrations. 960 pp. Philadelphia (American Sunday School Union). 960 pp. 1880. 5th ed. revised, 1890. Transl. into Italian by Enrico Meille, with Illustrations, Dizionario Biblico, Firenze (Libreria Claudiana, Via de' Serragli, 51), 1891, 471 pp., 4" ; into Arabic by Dr. Post, of Beirut ; into Marathi by Kassim Mohamed Dhal- \vauee and Henry J. Bruce (Satara, India), and other languages. *A Commentary ON the Gospel accoroing to Matthew. This is the first volume of " The International Revision Commentary on the New Testa- ment, Based on the Revised Version of i88f, by English and American Scholars and Members of the Revision Committee." 416 pp. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons). 1S82. Of this International Commentary, only tlie four Gospels, the Acts, and Romans were puljlished. *A Commentary on the PIpistle to the Galai ians. Published in the Inter- iiational Commentary on the Ae7u Testament. Idustraled. \'()1. III., pj). 285-350. 66 pp. New York. 1882. *A Companion to the Greek Testament and the English Version. With facsimile illustrations of MSS. and of standard editions of the New Testament, xvii., 616 pp. New York (Harper & Brothers), and London (Macmillan & Co.). 1883. 4th ed. revised, 1892. The Concori:) and Discord of Christendo.m. An Address delivered before the Eighth General Conference of the Evangelical Alliance at Copenhagen. English, Danish, and German. 39 pp. 1884. *The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles; or The Oldest Church Man- ual. The Didache and kindred Documents in the Original, with transla- tions and discussions of post-apostolic teaching, baptism, worship, and dis- cipline, and illustrations and facsimiles of the Jerusalem MS. 301 pp. New York (Funk & Wagnalls) and Edinburgh (T. & T. Clark). 18S5. 3d cd., revised, 1889. This book is an Appendix to the second vol. of the " Church History." •Christ and Christianity. Studies in Christology, Creeds, and Confessions, Protestantism and Romanism, Reformation Principles, Slavery and the Bible, Sunday Observance, Religious Freedom, and Christian I'nion. 310 pp. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons), and republished in London (James Nisbct & Co.). 1885. (An enlarged edition, 1893.) The English Language. Heterogeneous in Formation, Homogeneous in Char- acter, Universal in Destination for the Spread of Christian Civilization. ^ A Lecture delivered before the \'anderbilt L'niversity, January 3, 1887. En- larged and published by request of the Faculty. 61 pp. Nashville, Tenn. (Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House). 1887. *Church and State in the United States, or the American Idea of Re- ligious Liberty and its Practical Effects, with Official Documents. 8", 170 pp. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons). 1888. Transl. into Italian by P. Fea, and published in Brunialti's " Biblioteca di Scienze Politiche," Vol. VIII., pp. 385-516. Torino, 1892. The Toleration Act of 16S9. A Contribution to the History of Religious Liberty. 59 pp. London (James Nisbct (i Co.). iSSS. 62 *The Progress of Religious Freedom as Shown in the History of Tol- eration Acts. 8", 126 pp. New York. 1889. History of the Edict of Nantes. An Address delivered before the Hugue- not Society of America, March 21, 1889. 29 pp. New York. 1890. The Eighth Centenary of the University of Bologna. Report dcHvcrcd before the University of the City of New York at the celebration of Found- ers' Day, April 18, 1889. 29 pp. New York. 1889. ♦Literature and Poetry. Studies in the English Language, the Poetry of the liible, Dies Irae, Stabat Mater, Hymns of St. Bernard, the University — ancient and modern, Dante Alighieri and the Divina Commedia. 8", xi., 436 pp. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons). 1890. The essay on Dante was translated into Italian by Marco Lessona, Dante Alighieri e la Divina Commedia, Torino, 1892. ♦Creed Revision in the Presbyterian Churches. 8% 75 pp. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons). 1889. 2d ed. revised. 1S90. The Myth of Luther's Suicide. A refutation of Paul Majunke's Ltithcr's Lebcnsende. New York. 1890. Dante's Theology. 21pp. New York. 1890. The Renaissance. The Revival of Learning and Art in the 14th and 15th Cen- turies. 132 pp. New York (G. P. Putnam's Sons). 1891. The Renaissance and the Reformation. A paper prepared for the Ninth General Conference of the Evangelical Alliance, held in Florence, Italy. 17 pp. New York. 1891. Italian Transl. by Rev. Giov. Luzzi ("II Rinascimcnto e la Riforma"). Firenze. 1891. 29 pp. *St. Chrysostom and St. Augustin. Studies in Christian Biography. 158 pp. New York (Thomas Whittaker). 1891. The Friendship of Calvin and Melanchthon. 21 pp. New York. 1892. ♦Theological Propedeutic. A general Introduction to the study of Theology, Exegetical, Historical, Systematic, and Practical ; including Encyclopiedia, IMethodology, and Biblingtnphy. Part I., pp. 233. New York (Ch. Scrib- ner's Sons). 1892. (Part 11. will appear in 1893 and complete the work.) in. EDITED WORKS. (i) CcrDian. Der Deutsche Kirchenfreund, Organ fur die Gemeinsamen Interes- SEN DER Amerikanisch-deutschen Kirchen. Mercersburg, Penns., 6 vols., 1848-54. A monthly periodical, the first American theological journal in the Ger- man language. The editor imported printer and types from Philadelphia, and began with half a dozen subscribers (students). He continued it for six years, after which his friend, the Rev. Dr. William Julius Mann, Pro- fessor in the Lutheran Theological Seminary in Philadelphia, continued it for six years longer. Philadelphia (Schafer & Koradi). 1854-60. 63 ♦Deutsches Gesangbuch. Einc Auswahl gcistlichcr Lieder aus alien Zeiten der Chiistlichen Kirche. Nach den bcstcn hymnolo^ischcn Oucilcn bcarbeitet und niit crlautcrnden Bcmerkungcn liber V'crfasscr, Inhalt und Geschichte der Lieder vcrschen. xiv., 663 pp. 1S59. Enlarged ed., 1874. Philadelphia (J. Kohlcr). This hymn-book was made for and adopted by the German Reformed Church in the United States, and published in many editions, large and small, with and without tunes, by Kohler, in Philadelphia, and by the Re- formed Publication Board, Cleveland, O. Gesangbuch FiJR Deutsche Sonntagsschulex. Sammt einem Anhang aus- gcwiihlter Englischer Lieder. Philadelphia (Kohler] and New York (Radde). 272 pp. 1864. EVANGELISCHE ZEUGNISSE AUS DEN DeUTSCHEN KIRCHEN IN AMERIKA. Eine homiletische Monatschrift. 3 Jahrgange. Philadelphia (J. Kohlerj. 1863- 66. Gedenkhuch der Dreihundertjahrigen Jubei.feier des Heidei.rerger Katechismus in der Deutsch-Reformirten Kirche der X'erein- IGTEN Staaten. Under the direction of the General Convention of the Tercentenary Jubilee. 449 pp. Charnbersburg and Philadelphia. 1S63. This work contains contributions from Drs. Herzog, Ebrard, Ullmann, Schotel, Nevin, Fisher, Schneck, Porter, Harbaugh, and others. Publ. also in English : "The Tercentenary Monument in Commemoration of the Three Hundredth Anniversary of the Heidelberg Catechism." Charnbersburg and Philadelphia. 1863. (2) English Works. A Liturgy : or. Order of Christian Worship. Prepared and published by the direction and for the use of The German Reformed Church in the United States of America. (Called the "Provisional Liturgy'.) Philadelphia (Lindsay & Blakiston). 1857. 408 pp. The basis of the " Order of Worship of the Reformed Church," Phila- delphia, 1867. *A Commentary on the Holy Scriptures. Critical, Doctrinal, and Homileti- cal. By John P. Lange and other European divines. New York (Charles Scribner) and Edinburgh (T. & T. Clark). 1864- 1880. 25 vols. Cheap ed. ($3 per vol.) 1884-86. This Commentary is the work of twenty German and forty American di- vines. See a full list in an Appendix, publisheil 18S2. The general editor translated, with additions, the Commentary on Matthew, the first three chap- ters of Luke, wrote the annotations on St. John, and on Romans, ch. 1-9, and an essay on Hebrew poetry in the volume on Job. •Christ in Song. Hymns of Immanuel. xx., 701 pp. New York CAnson D. F. Randolph & Co.). 1868. Republished in London, 577 pp. (Sampson Low, Marston, etc). 1869. Several editions. Ev.\NGELICAL ALLIANCE CONFERENCE, 1 873. History, Essays, Orations, and other Documents of the Sixth General Conference of the Evangelical Alli- ance, held in New York, October 2-12, 1873. Ed. in connection with Rev. Dr. S. Irenxus Prime. 773 pp. New York (Harper & Brothers). 1874. 64 Theological and Philosophical Library: A Series of Text-Books, Original and Translated, for Colleges and Tiieological Seminaries. Edited by Henry B. Smith, D.D., and Philip Schaff, D.D., Professors in the Union Theologi- cal Seminary, New York. 1876. This Library was projected by the late Charles Scribner, founder of the house of Charles Scribner's Sons, and was to contain text-books on the chief branches of philosophy and theology. There were published Ueberweg's "History of Philosophy," New York and London, 1871, 2 vols. ; Van Oosterzee's "Christian Dogmatics," 1874, 2 vols., and his "Practical The- ology," 1874. Ueberweg is used as a text-book in several American colleges and in the University of Oxford. Owing to the sickness and death of Dr. Henry B. Smith (1877), and the want of encouragement, the Library was suspended. A new " International Theological Library," edited by Drs. Charles A. Briggs and Stewart D. F. Salmond, is now in course of publication by Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, and T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh, 1891 sqq., for which Dr. Schaff is to furnish the volume on *' Symbolic." *Library of Religious Poetry (with Portraits). In connection with Arthur Oilman (the chief editor), xxxi., 1004 pp. New York (Dodd, Mead & Co.). 1880. *International Illustrated Commentary on the New Testament. 4 vols. New York (Ch. Scribner's Sons) and Edinburgh (T. & T. Clark). 1S79-I082. The maps by Arnold Guyot ; the illustrations by William M. & William H. Thomson. Dr. Schaff prepared the introduction, the commentary on the Ep. to the Galatians, and, in connection with Dr Riddle, the commentary on the Sy- noptical Gospels. New ed. , 1888. A small ed., revised on the basis of the Revised Version, was begun in 1882, but only carried as far as the Epistle to the Romans. See p. 61. The Revision of the English Version of the New Testament. By Drs. Lightfoot, Trench, and Ellicott, republ. by arrangement, with an In- troduction by Philip Schaff. New York (Harper &. Brothers). 1873. The Introduction was also separately publ. by the Amcr. Bible Revision Committee. *HvMNS AND Songs of Praise for Public and Social Worship. In con- nection with RoswcU D. Hitchcock and Zachary Eddy. 597 pp. New York (Anson D. F. Randolph & Co.). 1874. Also a small ed. for Social Wor- ship. The Vatican Decrees in their bearing on Civil Allegiance; a Politi- cal Expostulation. By the Right Hgn. W. E. Gladstone, M.P. 7o which arc added : yl History of the Vatican Council ; togctlicr with the Latin and E)iglish text of The J'apal Syllal'us and the Vatican Decrees. By Philip Schaff", D.D. Republished by permission. New York (Harper & Brothers). 1875. (Pp. 168.) Gladstone's Vaticanism: An Anstucr to Reproofs and Replies, was republished by the same firm and added to the preceding pamphlet, 1875. In Memoria>L Our Children tn Heaven. Printed only for Private Circulation. 76 pp. New York. 1876. 65 Documents of thk Nkvv York Sabbath Committee, from 1863-67. (Doc. AAVl-XXXIV.) Amony this is the essay on the Am^rio-Annrican Sab- j^a/// read before the National Sabbath Convention at Saratoga, and repub- hshed by the Am. Tract Society. New York (Bible House). Documents of the Evangelical Alliance. Nos. III.-XV. from 1869-84, ?,"'"'"^' ,)'. \"-^H. '■ ^"^^'^^^ '"'^^ corresponding secretary with Dr. Prime. New York (Bible House). Anglo-American Bible Revision. By Members of the American Revision Com- mittee. IV., 192 pp. Philadelphia and London. 1879. Official Letters and Documents of the American Bible Revision Com- mittee. Private and Confidential. 186 pp. New York (Bible House). I003. An abridgment of these documents, prepared by President Dwit^ht D.D , was sent to the subscribers together with the memorial edition of the Revision. The American Bible Revision Library, with all the official correspondence and other documents, was presented to the American Bible Society, who keep It in a special case at the Bible House, New York. *The New Testament in the Original Greek. By Westcott & Hort. With an Introduction. New York (Harper & Bros.), 1881. 5th cd. revised, 1893. The Greek te.xt was printed from a duplicalc of tlie London plates bv arrangement with the editors and publishers, and corrected bv Dr. Hort. The introduction of eighty-nine pages was prepared by Dr. SchalT, and cor- rected for each new edition. •Religious EncycloP/EDIA : or, Dictionary of Biblical, Historical, Doctrinal, and Practical Theology, Based on the Real-Encvklopadie of Herzog, Plitt and Hauck. In connection with Rev. Samuel M. Jackson, and Rev. D S. Schaff, D.D. New York (Funk & Wagnalls), 18X4, 3 vols. ; revised, 1887 ; 3d ed., revised and enlarged, in 4 vols, (which includes the Encvclop.'EDIA of Living Divines). 1891. Usually called the " Schaff-Hcrzog Enc." *Encvclopedia of Living Divines anp Christian Workers of all De- nominations IN Europe and America. With Rev. Samuel .M. Jackson. New York, 1887. 271 pages. This is now included in the third revised edition of the Schaff-Herzog Ency- clopaedia (at the end of the 4th vol.), with an Appendix brought down to the close of 1890. The material was supplied mostly by the living divines themselves. *A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church. /7rj/ Series. — J4 vols. (St. Augustin, 8 vols, and St. Chrvsostom, 6 vols.). New York (The Christian Literature Co.). 1886-90. Second Series (with Henry Wace, D.D., Principal of King's College, as co-editor), in course of publication, to embrace, in 13 or 14 vols., the chief works of the Fathers from Eusebius and Jerome to John of Damascus and Gregory the Great. Vol. I. Eusebius; H. Socrates and Sozomcnus ; III. Theodoret, Jerome, Gennadius. Rufinus ; IV. Athanasius. New York (The Christian Literature Co.) and 0.\ford (Parker & Co.). 1S90-92. 66 •Wilmore's New Analytical Reference Bible. 2189 pp. New York (J. A. Wilmorc & Co.). 1891. It contains: The Holy Bible (with references to the Analysis) ; Compre- hensive Bible Helps ; Hitchcock's Analysis ; and Cruden's Concordance. Dr. Schaff is responsible for the Preface and the Comprehensive Bible Helps. American Church History (in course of preparation). A Scries of Denom- inational Histories by a number of scholars, to be published under the aus- pices of the "American Society of Church History," by an Editorial Com- mittee consisting of Rev. Philip Schaff, D.D., LL.D., Rt. Rev. H. C. Potter, D.D., LL.D., Rev. Geo. P. Fisher, D.D., LL.D., Bishop John F. Hurst, D.D., LL.D., Rev. E. J. Wolf, D.D., Henry C. Vcdder, M.A., Rev. Samuel M. Jackson, ^LA , LL.D. New York (The Christian Literature Company). 1893 sqq. Dr. Schaff is one of the Associate Editors of Johnson's Universal Cyclo- pcedia (New York, 1886, 8 vols.), which is now undergoing a third recon- struction under the chief editorship of Charles Kendall Adams, LL.D., Pres- ident of Wisconsin University. He hopes to write one more volume of his Church History^ and to pub- lish his Lectures on Christian Sytnbolic and Irenic. J (It'-'', aif.