PRESBYTERIAN I'^HICAL SOCIETY. 
 
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 6cavSG0 
 
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DOUGLASS SERIES 
 
 OF 
 
 CHRISTIAN GREEK AND LATIN WRITERS. 
 
 FOK USE IN SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 
 
 Vol. I. 
 LATIN HYMNS. 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2012 with funding from 
 
 Calvin College 
 
 http://archive.org/details/lathymnwitOOma 
 
LATIN HYMNS, 
 
 WITH ENGLISH NOTES. 
 
 FOR USE IN SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 
 
 By F. A. MARCH, LL.D., 
 
 PROFESSOR OF COMPARATIVE PHILOLOGY IN LAFAYETTE COLLEGE. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, 
 
 FRANKLIN SQUARE. 
 
 1894. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by 
 
 Harper & Brothers, 
 
 In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
NOTICE. 
 
 It is remarkable that no place has been given in the 
 
 schools and colleges of England and America to the 
 
 Cj Cj 
 
 writings of the early Christians. For many centuries, 
 and down to what is called the Pagan renaissance, they 
 were the common linguistic study of educated Christians. 
 The stern piety of those times thought it wrong to dally 
 with the sensual frivolities of heathen poets, and never 
 imagined it possible that the best years of youth should 
 be spent in mastering the refinements of a mythology 
 and life which at first they feared and loathed, and which 
 at last became as remote and unreal to them as the Veda 
 is to us. 
 
 Classical Philology, however, took its ideal of beauty 
 from Pagan 'Greece, and it has filled our schools with 
 those books which are its best representatives. 
 
 The modern Science of Language has again changed 
 the point of view. It gives the first place to truth ; it 
 seeks to know man, his thoughts, his growth ; it looks on 
 the literature of an age as a daguerreotype of the age; it 
 values books according to their historical significance. 
 The writings of the early Christians embody the history 
 of the most important events known to man, in language 
 not unworthy of the events; and the study of Latin and 
 Greek as vehicles of Christian thought should be the 
 most fruitful study known to Philology, and have its 
 place of honor in the University Course. 
 
 The present Series owes its origin to an endowment 
 
vi NOTICE. 
 
 by Mr. Benjamin Douglass for the study of these authors 
 in Lafayette Cpllege. Each volume will be prepared 
 with critical text, introduction, and notes, like the cur- 
 rent approved text-books for college study. They will 
 be edited by F. A. March, LL.D., Professor of Compara- 
 tive Philology in Lafayette College, with such help as 
 may be found desirable. Two volumes are now ready : 
 
 LATIN HYMNS, with English Xotes. For use in Schools and 
 Colleges. By F. A. .March, LL.D., Professor of Comparative 
 Philology in Lafayette College. 12mo, Cloth, $1 75. 
 
 THE ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF EUSEBIUS. The 
 Firsl Book and Selections. Edited for Schools and Colleges 
 by F. A. Mauch, LL.D. With an Introduction by A. Ballard, 
 
 D.D , Professor of Christian Greek and Latin in Lafayette Col- 
 • ; and Explanatory Notes by ^V. I>. Owen, A.M., Adj. Pro- 
 fessor of Christian Greek. 12mo, Cloth, §1 75. 
 
 A volume of Tertullian and one of Athanagoras are in 
 press, and may be expected in time for the fall term of 
 1875. Should the Series be welcomed, it will be contin- 
 ued with volumes of Augustine, Cyprian, Lactantius, 
 Justin Martyr, Chrysostom, and others, in number suffi- 
 cient for a complete college course. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Almost all our elder scholars have favorite Latin 
 hymns, just as they have favorite poems in German or 
 Old English, but they do not seem to have thought of 
 them for college study ; that was reserved in the old 
 time for a handful of authors of the so-called classical 
 periods of Latin and Greek. But since the modern 
 Science of Language has widened the view, and we 
 are welcoming text-books in German and English and 
 Anglo-Saxon, and even in Sanskrit and Chinese, it 
 will no longer be a fatal objection to the Hymns that 
 they are not Horatian or Ciceronian. The study of 
 literature is useful mainly to develop character. It 
 is the study of what the great and good have thought 
 and felt and done. By a careful study of their words, 
 we are enabled rapidly to think their thoughts, to re- 
 peat in our experience their aspirations and resolves, 
 and-to recognize and accept their ideals. Those books 
 of literature are the highest educational powers which 
 contain the most truthful delineation and expression 
 of the noblest character. Christian is a better word 
 than Augustan. For inspiring and elevating thought, 
 
VI 11 PREFACE. 
 
 and fur vigor, harmony, and simplicity of language, 
 the Hymns are better than any Augustan Odes. They 
 are the true Latin folk poems ; they have been called 
 c> the Bible of the people." 
 
 They are a valuable study also from the biograph- 
 ical, historical, and literary matter that comes up in 
 reading them. The authors are many of them the he- 
 roes of their generation, kings in the realms of thought 
 or action. Interesting events are connected with their 
 composition or history, and they are full of allusion to 
 the great works of the older period, the Bible and the 
 fathers of the Church. There is great variety in the 
 subjects, the meters, and the style of the hymns. 
 
 The works to which I have been most indebted for 
 the materials of this collection are the following : H. 
 A.Daniel: Thesaurus Hynmologicus. Lipsiae, 1841- 
 1856, 5 vols. — F. J. Mone : Lateinische Ilymnen des 
 Mittelalters. Freiburg, 1853-1855, 3 vols. — Piiilipp 
 Wackernagel: Das Deutsche Kirchenlied, etc., vol. i. 
 (Latin Hymns). Leipzig, 1864. — R. C. Trench : Sa- 
 cred Latin Poetry, chiefly Lyrical. 2d ed., London and 
 Cambridge, 1864. — J. M. Neale: Mediaeval Ilvmns 
 and Sequences. London, 1867. — Mrs. Charles: The 
 Voice of Christian Life in Song. New York, 1867. — 
 I'muv Schaff, Christ in Song. New York, 1868.— G. 
 A. Konigsfeld: Lateinische Ilymnen unci Gesange, 
 etc. IJunn, 1847-1865, 2 vols. I have consulted many 
 other books of collections and translations, as well as 
 
PREFACE. IX 
 
 the hymns to be found in the editions of the works of 
 separate authors; and I wish to present my thanks to 
 Dr. H. B. Smith, Professor and lately Librarian in 
 Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York, 
 and to Dr. R. D. Hitchcock, of the same seminary, for 
 aid in finding the best works for my purpose, and for 
 procuring me the use of rare old books from the libra- 
 ry of the seminary. 
 
 Almost all the hymns here given may, however, be 
 found in Daniel, Mone, or Wackernagel, many of them 
 in all three. The illustrations from the writings of 
 the Christian fathers are mostly in Daniel or Mone; 
 those from the Greek in Mone. I hope I have taken 
 every thing good that there is in Trench, and pret- 
 ty much all of Trench is good ; I may say the same 
 thing of Dr. S chaff's Christ in Song, and repeat it with 
 more emphasis of Mrs. Charles's Christian Life in Song. 
 There is hardly one of the many hymns translated by 
 her which I have not chosen to put in this collection. 
 tier book is also a storehouse of interesting general 
 description and criticism, and of valuable illustrative 
 anecdotes and extracts from the older authors. 
 
 Among the thousands of Latin hymns, there are 
 doubtless many which other students of them would 
 have preferred to some of these. Sometimes a famous 
 author, or a peculiar meter, or some historical associa- 
 tion, has given a hymn a place it would not otherwise 
 have obtained. It is likely that there are some omit- 
 
 A 2* 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 ted which I should prefer, but which have not attract- 
 ed my careful attention. I shall esteem it a kindness 
 if any one will tell me of favorite hymns, or other mat- 
 te]-, which he would like to see introduced if a new 
 edition should be needed. 
 
 In the grammatical notes, II. stands for Harkness's 
 Latin Grammar ; A. and G. for Allen and Greenough's ; 
 G. for Gildersleeve's ; M. for March's Comparatiye 
 AnMo-Saxon Grammar. 
 
 F.A.M. 
 
 Lafayette College, Easton, Pa., 
 August, 1874. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 HYMNS. 
 
 Page 
 
 I. Hilarius 1 
 
 II. Damasus 6 
 
 III. Ambrosius 8 
 
 Ambrosiani 20 
 
 IV. Augustiniani 45 
 
 Y. Prudentius 51 
 
 VI. Seclulius 59 
 
 VII. Elpis 62 
 
 VIII. Fortunatus 64 
 
 IX. Eugenius 69 
 
 X. Auctor Incertus 71 
 
 XL Gregorius Magnus 74 
 
 XII. Beda Venerabilis 79 
 
 XIII. Paulus Diaconus 84 
 
 XIV. Alcuin ,. 86 
 
 XV. Theoclulphus 87 
 
 XVI. Notkerus Vetustior 88 
 
 XVII. Auctor Incertus 90 
 
 XVIII. Robertus, Galliae Rex '. 92 
 
 XIX. Petrus Damiani 94 
 
 XX. Marbod 99 
 
 XXI. Hildebertus Turonensis 102 
 
 XXII. Abaelardus 110 
 
 XXIII. Bernardus Claravallensis 114 
 
 XXIV. Bernardus Cluniacensis 126 
 
 XXV. Petrus Venerabilis 130 
 
 XXVI. Adam de Sc.Victore 134 
 
 XXVII. Alanus Insulanus 149 
 
Ml 
 
 CONTKV! - 
 
 XXVIII. Thomas a Celano L54 
 
 XXIX. Bonaventura 157 
 
 XXX. Thomas Aquinas 164 
 
 XXXI. Iacopouus 171 
 
 XXXII. Thomas a Kempis ITS 
 
 XXXIII. Iohannes Mauburnus 181 
 
 XXXIV. Auctores Incerti 183 
 
 XXXV. Maria, Scotiae Regina 210 
 
 XXXVI. Lutherus et Buttmann 211 
 
 XXXVII. Toplady et Gladstone 213 
 
 XOTES AND BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 Page 
 
 Hilarius 217 | 
 
 Dainasus.... 221 
 
 Ambrose and Ambrosiani... 223 
 
 August! niani 
 
 240 
 
 Prudentius 244 
 
 Sedulius 248 
 
 Elpis 250 
 
 Fortunatus 25 1 
 
 Eugenius 255 
 
 Apparebit repentina 256 
 
 Gregory the Great 257 
 
 The Venerable Bede 261 
 
 Paulus Diaconus 262 
 
 Alcuin 263 
 
 Theodulphus 264 
 
 Xulker the Elder 265 
 
 Ave .Maria 267 
 
 Robert, King of France 268 
 
 Petrus Damiani 269 
 
 Marbod 270 
 
 Pag« 
 
 Ilildebert 271 
 
 Abelard 274 
 
 Bernard of Clairvaux 276 
 
 Bernard of Clugny 279 
 
 Petrus Venerabilis 281 
 
 Adam of St. Victor 282 
 
 Alanus Insulanus 290 
 
 Thomas of Celano 291 
 
 Bonaventura 296 
 
 Thomas Aquinas 297 
 
 Iacopouus 300 
 
 Thomas a Kempis 303 
 
 John Mauburne 305 
 
 Anonymous Hymns 305 
 
 Anselm of Lucca 307 
 
 Francis Xavier 308 
 
 Gotschalk 312 
 
 .Alary, Queen of Scots 313 
 
 Luther and Buttmann 314 
 
 Toplady and Gladstone 315 
 
 The Rise and Growth of the Latin Hymns 317 
 
 The Language of the Hymns, 318. 
 
 The Metere,319. 
 
 Table of Stanzas used 321 
 
 Alphabetical Index by first lines of all the Hymns and their 
 Meters 329 
 
I. 
 
 HILARIUS. 
 
 I. HYMNUS MATUTINUS. 
 
 Lucis largitor splendide, 
 Cuius sereno lumine 
 Post lapsa noctis tempora 
 Dies refusus panditur; 
 
 Tu verus mundi Lucifer, 5 
 
 Non is, qui parvi sideris 
 Venturae lucis nuntius 
 Angusto fulget lumine, 
 
 Sed toto sole clarior, 
 Lux ipse totus et dies, 10 
 
 Interna nostri pectoris 
 Illuminans praecordia : 
 
 Adesto, rerum conditor, 
 Paternae lucis gloria, 
 Cuius admota gratia 15 
 
 Nostra patescunt corpora; 
 A 
 
2 111LARIUS. 
 
 Tuoque plena spiritu, 
 Secum Deum gestantia, 
 Ke rapientis perfidi 
 20 Diris patescant fraudibus, 
 
 Ut inter actus seculi 
 Vitae quos usus exigit, 
 Omni carentes crimine 
 Tuis vivamus legibus. 
 
 25 Probrosas mentis castitas 
 
 Carnis vincat libidines, 
 Sanctumque puri corporis 
 Delubrum servet Spiritus. 
 
 30 
 
 Haec spes precantis animae. 
 Haec sunt votiva muneia, 
 Ut matutina nobis sit 
 Lux in noctis custodiam. 
 
 II. IIYMNUS MATUTINUS. 
 
 Deus, Pater ingenite. 
 Et Fill unigenite, 
 Quos Trinitatis unitas 
 Bancto connectit Spiritu. 
 
 To frustra nullus invocat, 
 Nee cassis unquam vocibus 
 Amator tui luminis 
 Ad coelum vultus erigit. 
 
HILARIUSo d 
 
 Et tu suspirantem, Deus, 
 
 Vel vota supplicantium, 10 
 
 Vel corda confitentium 
 
 Semper benignus aspice. 
 
 Nos lucis ortus admonet 
 
 Grates deferre debitas, 
 
 Tibique laudes dicere, 15 
 
 Quod nox obscura praeterit. 
 
 [Et] diem precamm* bonum, 
 
 Ut nostros, Salvator, actus 
 
 Sinceritate perpeti 
 
 Pius benigne instruas. 20 
 
 III. DE LUCT[J POENITENTIAE. 
 
 Ad coeli clara non sum dignus sidera 
 Levare meos infelices oculos, 
 Gravi depressus peccatorum pondere: 
 Parce, Redemptor ! 
 
 Bonum neglexi facere, quod debui, 5 
 
 Probrosa gessi sine fine crimina, 
 Scelus patravi nullo clausum termino: 
 Subveni, Christe ! 
 
 Lugere modo me permitte, Domine, 
 
 Mala, quae gessi, reus ab infantia, 10 
 
 Lacrimas mihi tua do$et gratia 
 
 Cordis ab imo. 
 
4 QILABIUS. 
 
 Meis, ut puto, vitiis Tartarea 
 Tormenta multis non valent sufficere, 
 15 Xisi Bnccurrat, Christe, tua pietas 
 
 Misero inihi. 
 
 Redemptor mundi, unica spes omnium, 
 Aequalis Patri Sanctoque Spiritui, 
 Trinus et nuns Deus invisibilis, 
 20 Mihi succurre ! 
 
 Si me subtili pensas sub libramine, 
 Spes in me nulla reraanet liduciae, 
 Sed rogativa me sal vet potentia 
 Filius Dei. 
 
 25 Xriste, te semper recta fide labii3 
 
 Confessus, corde credidi orthodoxo, 
 Haereticorum dogma nefas respui 
 Pectore puro. 
 
 Ymnum fideli modulando gutture 
 30 Arrium sperno, latrantem Sabellium, 
 
 Assensi nunquam grunnienti Simoni 
 Fauce susurra. 
 
 Zelum pro Christi sum zelatus nomine. 
 Nam sancta mater lacte me catholico 
 35 Tempus per omne nutrivit Ecclesia 
 
 Ubere sacro. 
 
 Gloria Sanetae Trinitati unicae 
 Sit Deo Patri, Genito, Paraclito, 
 Laus meo sonet in ore perpetuum 
 40 Domini semper. 
 
HILARIUS. 
 
 IV. HYMNUS PENTECOSTALIS. 
 
 Beata nobis gaudia 
 Anni reduxit orbita, 
 Cum Bpirittis paraclitus 
 Illapsus est discipulis. 
 
 Ignis vibrante lumine 5 
 
 Linguae figuram detulit, 
 Verbis ut essent proflui, 
 Et charitate fervidi. 
 
 Linguis loquuntur omnium; 
 Tnrbae pavent gentilium : 10 
 
 Musto madere deputant, 
 Quos Spiritus repleverat. 
 
 Patrata sunt haec mystice, 
 Paschae peractd tempore, 
 Sacro dierum circulo, 15 
 
 Quo lege fit remissio. 
 
 Te nunc, Deus piissime, 
 Vultu precamur cernuo: 
 Illapsa nobis coelitus 
 Largire dona Spiritus ! 20 
 
 Dudum sacrata pectora 
 Tua replesti gratia, 
 Dimitte nostra crimina, 
 Et da quieta temporal 
 
II. 
 
 DAMASUS 
 
 IIYMNUS DE S. AGATHA. 
 
 Martyris ecce dies Agathae 
 Virginis emicat eximiae, 
 Christus earn sibi qua sociat 
 Et diadema duplex decorat. 
 
 5 Stirpe deceris, elegans specie, 
 
 Sed magis actibus atque fide, 
 Terrea prospera nil reputans, 
 Iussa Dei sibi corde ligans, 
 
 Fortior haec trucibusque viris 
 10 Exposuit sua membra flagris; 
 
 Pectore quam fuerit valido 
 Torta mam ilia docet patulo. 
 
 Deliciae cui career erat, 
 Pastor ovem Petrus banc recreat: 
 15 Inde gavisa magisque flagrans 
 
 Cuncta flagella cucurrit ovans. 
 
DAMASUS. i 
 
 Ethnica turba rogum fugiens 
 
 Huius et ipsa meretur opem; 
 
 Quos fidei titulus decorat, 
 
 His venerein raagis ipsa premat. 20 
 
 lam renitens quasi sponsa polo 
 Pro miseris supplica Domino, 
 Sic sua festa coli faciat 
 Se celebrantibus ut faveat. 
 
 Gloria cum Patre sit Genito, 25 
 
 Spirituique proinde sacro, 
 Qui Dens unus et omnipotens 
 Hanc nostri faciat memorem. 
 
III. 
 
 A M B R O S I U S 
 
 I. IIYMNUS MATUTINUS. 
 
 Aeterne rerum conditor, 
 Noctem diemque qui regis ? 
 Et temporum das tempora, 
 Ut alleves fastidinm; 
 
 5 Praeeo diei iam sonat, 
 
 INoctis profundae pervigil, 
 Noeturna lux viantibus, 
 
 A nocte noctem seore^ans. 
 
 Hoc excitatus lucifer 
 10 Solvit polum caligine, 
 
 Hoc omnis errorum chorus 
 Viam nocendi deserit. 
 
 Hoc nauta vires colligit 
 Pontique mitescunt freta, 
 15 Hoc ipsa petra ecclesiae 
 
 Canente eulpam diluit. 
 
AMBROSIUS. y 
 
 Surgamus ergo strenue ! 
 
 Gallus iacentes excitat, 
 
 Et somnolentos inerepat, 
 
 Gallus negantes arguit. 20 
 
 Gallo canente spes redit, 
 Aegris salus refunditur, 
 Mucro latronis conditur, 
 Lapsis fides revertitur. 
 
 Iesu, labentes respice, 25 
 
 Et nos videndo corrige, 
 Si respicis, lapsus eadunfc, 
 Fletuque culpa solvitur. 
 
 Tu lux refulge sensibus, 
 
 Mentisque somnum discute, 30 
 
 Te nostra vox primum sonet 
 
 Et ore psallamus tibi. 
 
 II. HYMNUS VESPEKTINUS. 
 
 Deus, creator omnium 
 Polique rector, vestiens 
 Diem decoro lumine, 
 Noctem soporis gratia, 
 
 Artus solutos ut quies 
 Reddat laboris usui, 
 Mentesque fessas allevet 
 
 Luctusqne sol vat anxios; 
 
 A2 
 
10 AMBROSIUS. 
 
 Grates peracto iam die 
 10 Et noctis exortu preces, 
 
 Votis, reos ut adiuves, 
 Hymnum canentes solvimus. 
 
 Te cordis ima concinant, 
 Te vox canora concrepet, 
 15 Te diligat castus amor, 
 
 Te mens adoret sobria; 
 
 Ut, cum profunda elauserit 
 Diem caligo noctium, 
 Fides tenebras nesciat 
 20 Et nox fide reluceat. 
 
 Dormire mentem ne sinas, 
 Dormire culpa noverit; 
 Castos fides refrigerans 
 Somni vaporem temperet. 
 
 25 Exuta sensu lubrico 
 
 Te cordis alta somnient, 
 Ne hostis invidi dolo 
 Pavor quietos suscitet. 
 
 Christum rogemus et Patrem, 
 30 Christi Patrisque Spiritum, 
 
 Unum potens per omnia 
 Fove precantes Trinitas. 
 
AMBROSIUS. 11 
 
 in. HYMN US AD MATUTINUM. 
 
 Splendor paternae gloriae, 
 De luce lucem proferens, 
 Lux lucis et fons Inminis^ 
 Diem dies illuminans, 
 
 Verusque sol illabere, 5 
 
 Micans nitore perpeti, 
 Iubarque Sancti Spiritus 
 Infunde nostris sensibus. 
 
 Votis vocemus et Patrem, 
 
 Patrem perennis gloriae, 10 
 
 Patrem potentis gratiae, 
 
 Culpam releget labricam. 
 
 Informet actus strenuos, 
 
 Dentes retundat invidi, 
 
 Casus secundet asperos, 15 
 
 Donet gerendi gratiam. 
 
 Mentem gubernet et regat 
 
 Casto fideli covpore, 
 
 Fides calore ferveat, 
 
 Fraudis venena nesciat. 20 
 
 Christusque nobis sit cibus, 
 Potusque noster sit fides, 
 Laeti bibamus sobriam 
 Ebrietatem spiritus. 
 
12 AMBROSIUS. 
 
 25 Laetus dies hie transeat, 
 
 Pudor sit ut diluculum, 
 Fides velut raeridies, 
 Crepusculum mens nesciat. 
 
 Aurora cursus provehit, 
 30 Aurora totus prodeat, 
 
 In Patre totus Filius 
 Et totus iu Verbo Pater. 
 
 IV. HYMNUS IN ADVENTU DOMINI. 
 
 Veni, redemptor gentium, 
 Ostende partum virginis, 
 Miretur omne saeeulum: 
 Talis deeet partus Deum. 
 
 5 Non ex virili semine, 
 
 Sed mystico spiramine, 
 Verbum Dei factum est cam- 
 Fructusque ventris floruit. 
 
 Alvns tumescit virginis, 
 10 Claustruni pudoris permaner, 
 
 Vexilla virtutum micant, 
 Versatur in templo Deus. 
 
 Procedit o thalamo suo, 
 Pudoris aula regia, 
 15 Geminae gigas substantiae, 
 
 Alacris ut currat viani. 
 
AMBROSIUS. 13 
 
 Egressus eius a Patre, 
 
 Regressus eius ad Patrem, 
 
 Excursus usque ad inferos, 
 
 Recursus ad sedem Dei. 20 
 
 Aequalis aeterno Patri 
 Carnis tropaeo cingere, 
 Infirma nostri corporis 
 Virtute firmans perpetim. 
 
 Praesepe iam fulget tuum, 25 
 
 Lumenque nox spirat novum, 
 Quod nulla nox interpolet, 
 Fideque iugi luceat. 
 
 Y. HYMNCS MATUTINUS. 
 
 Fulgentis auctor aetheris, 
 Qui lunam lumen noctibus, 
 Sol em die rum cursibus 
 Certo fundasti tramite; 
 
 N"ox atra iam depellitur, 5 
 
 Mundi nitor renaseitur, 
 Xovusque iam mentis vigor 
 Dulces in actus erigit; 
 
 Laudes sonare iam tuas 
 
 Dies relatus admonet, 10 
 
 Yultusque coeli blandior 
 
 Nostra serenat pectora. 
 
i 4: AMBROSIUS. 
 
 Vitemus omne lubricnm, 
 Declinet prava spiritus, 
 15 Vitam facta 11011 inquinent, 
 
 Lingua in culpa non implicet. 
 
 Sed sol diem duin coniicit 
 Fides profunda ferveat, 
 Spes ad promissa provocet, 
 20 Christo coniun<rat caritas. 
 
 VI. HYMN US IN TOSTULATIONE PLUVIAE. 
 
 Squalent arva soli pnlvere multo, 
 Pallet siccus ager, terra fatiseit, 
 Nullus rnris honos, nulla venustas, 
 Quando nulla viret gratia riorum. 
 5 Tellus dura sitit, nescia roris, 
 
 Fons iam nescit aquas, flumina cursus, 
 Ilerbam nescit humus, nescit aratrum, 
 Magno rupta patet turpis hiatu. 
 Fervens sole dies, igneus ardor 
 
 10 Ipsas urit aves, frondea rami 
 
 Fessis tecta negant, pulvis arenae 
 Sicco dispuitur ore viands. 
 Ventis ora ferae, bestia ventis, 
 Captantesqne viri flamina ventis, 
 
 15 Ventis et volucres ora recludunt, 
 
 Ilac m ulcere sitim fraude volentes. 
 Foetus cerva suos, pignora cerva, 
 Foetus cerva siti fossa recusat, 
 Foetus cerva pios moesta relinquit, 
 
 20 Quaesitam quoniam non veliit lierbam. 
 
AMBROSIUS. 15 
 
 Venerunt iuvenes pocula noti ' 
 
 Quaerentes putei, lymphaque fugit, 
 
 Et vasis vacuis tecta revisunt, 
 
 Fletus, heu ! proprios ore bibentes. 
 
 Bos praesepe suum linquit inane, 25 
 
 Pratorumque volens carpere gramen 
 
 Nudam versat humum: sic pecus omne 
 
 Fraudatum moriens labitur herbis. 
 
 Radices nemorum rustica plebes 
 
 Explorat misero curva labore, 30 
 
 Solarique famem cortice quaerit, 
 
 Nee succos teneros arida praestat. 
 
 Hanc peccata famem nostra merentur, 
 
 Sed merce propria, Christe, faveto, 
 
 Quo culpa gravior gratia maior 35 
 
 Iusti supplicii vincla resolvat. 
 
 lam coelos reseres, arvaque laxes 
 
 Fecundo placidus imbre rogamus; 
 
 Heliae meritis impia saecla 
 
 Donasti pluvia : nos quoque dones ! 40 
 
 Aeterne Genitor, gloria Christo 
 Semper cum Genito sit tibi Sancto 
 Compar Spiritui, qui Deus unus 
 Pollens perpetuis inclyte saeclis ! 
 
 VII. HYMNUS IN POSTULATIONE SEKENITATIS. 
 
 Obduxere polum nubila coeli 
 Absconduntque diem sole fugato, 
 Noctes continuas sidere nudas 
 Et lunae viduas carpimus olim. 
 
16 AMBROSIUS. 
 
 5 Aether dira micat igne corusco, 
 
 Concnssoque tremit cardine mundus, 
 Coeli porta tonat, ruptaque credas 
 Axis aetherei vincla resolvi. 
 Excrescnnt pluviis aeqaora ponti 
 
 10 Nee lines proprios iam fret a norunt, 
 Terrarum medio fluetuat unda, 
 Errabunda seeat arva carina. 
 Port us nauta suos, littora nauta, 
 Secessusque suos nauta requirit, 
 
 15 Hospes nauta satis, vitibus hospes, 
 Messes nauta super navigat hospes. 
 Flentes agrieolae culta relinquunt, 
 Spectant naufragium triste laboris, 
 Messis laeta natat, semina census : 
 
 20 Nati, tecta, pecus arvaque migrant. 
 Cernas alta domus culmina ferri, 
 Mutatisque locis culmina poni, 
 Moestas inter aves ludere pisces, 
 Pisces in tremulis ludere tectis. 
 
 25 Eversa videas arbore nidos 
 
 Pullis cum teneris per freta duci, 
 Nee matrem exilio ponere curas, 
 Maioresque metu eogere foetus. 
 Spectat turba virum, turba fenestris, 
 
 30 Spectat feminei turba pudoris, 
 
 Deploratque famem turba precantum, 
 Victum riavigii nauta ministrat. 
 Iesu, parce tua morte redemptis; 
 Prior diluvium pertulit aetas, 
 
 35 Ut mundaret aqua eriraina terrae, 
 
 Sed mimdata tuo sanguine terra est. 
 
AMBKOSIUS. 17 
 
 lam nunc missa ferens ore columba 
 
 Eaiiium paciferae mnnus olivae 
 
 Exutas liquido flumine terras 
 
 Laeto signilicet lapsa volatu ! — 40 
 
 Aeterne Genitor, gloria Christo 
 
 Semper cum Genito sit tibi Sancto 
 
 Compar Spiritui, qui Dens unus 
 
 Pollens perpetuis inclyte saeclis! 
 
 Yin. HYMNUS TEMPORE PASCIIALI. 
 
 Hie est dies verus Dei, 
 Sancto serenus lumine, 
 Quo diluit sanguis sacer 
 Probrosa mundi crimina, 
 
 Fidem refundens perditis, 5 
 
 Caecosque visu illuminans: 
 Quern non gravi solvit metu 
 Latronis absolutio? 
 
 Qui praemio mutans crucem 
 
 Iesum brevi acquirit fide, 10 
 
 Iustusque praevio gradu 
 
 Pervenit in regnum Dei. 
 
 Opus stupent et angeli, 
 
 Poenam videntes corporis, 
 
 Christoque adhaerentem reum 15 
 
 Vitam beatam carpere. 
 
IS AMBROSIUS. 
 
 Mysterium mirabile, 
 Ut abluat mundi luem, 
 Peccata tollit omnium, 
 20 Carnis vitia mnndans caro. 
 
 Quid hoc potest sublimius, 
 Ut culpa quaerat gratiam 
 Metumque solvat caritas 
 Reddatque mors vitain novam? 
 
 25 Hamuin sibi mors devoret 
 
 Suisque se nodis liget: 
 Moriatur vita omnium 
 Resurgat ut vita omnium. 
 
 Cum mors per omnes transeat, 
 30 Omnes resurgant mortui : 
 
 Consumpta mors ictu suo 
 Perisse se solam gemit. 
 
 IX. IN THEOPIIANIA. 
 
 Inluminans altissimus 
 Micantium astrorum globos, 
 Pax, vita, lumen, Veritas, 
 Iesu, fave precantibus; 
 
 Seu mystico baptismate 
 Fluenta Iordanis retro 
 Con versa quodam tempore 
 Praesente sacraris die; 
 
AMBROSIUS. 19 
 
 Seu stella partum virginis 
 
 Coelo micans signaverit, 10 
 
 Et hac adoratum die 
 
 Praesepe magos duxerit; 
 
 Yel hydriis plenis aqua 
 
 Vini saporem fuderis, 
 
 Hausit minister conscius, 15 
 
 Quod ipse non impleverat. 
 
 Aquas colorari videns, 
 
 Inebriare flumina, 
 
 Elementa mutata stupet 
 
 Transire in usus alteros. 20 
 
 Sic quinque millibus virum 
 Dum quinque panes dividis, 
 Edentium sub dentibus 
 In ore crescebat cibus; 
 
 Multiplicabatur magis 25 
 
 Dispendio panis suo, 
 
 Quis haec videns mirabitur 
 
 luges meatus f aucium ? 
 
 Inter manus frangentium 
 Panis rigatur profluus, 30 
 
 Intacta, quae non fregerant, 
 Fragmenta subrepunt viris. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 
 
 I. TE, BEUMj LAUDAMUS! 
 
 Te Deum landamus, te Dominum confitemur. 
 Te aeternura Patrem omnis terra veneratur. 
 Tibi omnes augeli, tibi coeli et nniversae potestates, 
 Tibi cherubim et seraphim incessabili voce procla- 
 
 mant : 
 5 Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus Dominus Dens Sabaoth ! 
 Pleni sunt coeli et terra maiestatis gloriae tuae. 
 Te gloriosus apostolorum chorus, te prophetarum 
 
 laudabilis numerns, 
 Te martyrum candidatus laudat exercitns; 
 Te per orbem terrarum sancta confitetur ecclesia ? 
 10 Patrem immensae maiestatis, venerandum tuum ve- 
 
 rum et unicuni Filium, 
 Sanctum quoque Paraclitum Spiritnm. 
 Tu Rex gloriae, Christe, 
 Tu Patris sempiternus es Filius. 
 Tu ad liberandum suscepturus liominem 
 15Koii horruisti virginis uterum. 
 Tu, devicto mortis aculeo, 
 Aperuisti credentibus regna coelorum. 
 Tu ad dexteram Dei sedes in gloria Patris. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 21 
 
 Iudex crederis esse venturus! — 
 
 Te ergo quaesumus, tuis famulis subveni, 20 
 
 Quos pretioso sanguine redemisti. 
 
 Aeterna fac cum Sanctis tuis in gloria numerari. 
 
 Salvum fac populum tuum, Domine, et benedic here- 
 
 ditati tuae, 
 Et rege eos, et extolle illos usque in aeternum. 
 Per singulos dies benedicimus Te, 25 
 
 Et laudamus nomen tuum in saeculum et in saeculum 
 
 saeculi. 
 Dignare, Domine, die isto sine peccato nos custodire. 
 Miserere nostri, Domine, miserere nostri ; 
 Fiat misericordia tua, Domine, super nos, 
 Quemadmodum speravimus in Te. 30 
 
 In Te, Domine, speravi : non confundar in aeternum. 
 
 II. DE PASSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Hymnum dicamus Domino, 
 Laudes Deo cum cantico, 
 Qui nos crucis patibulo 
 Suo redemit sanguine. 
 
 Die decursa ad vesperum, 5 
 
 Qua Christus morti traditur, 
 Ad coenam venit impius 
 Qui erat Christi proditor. 
 
 Iesus futura nuntiat 
 
 Coenantibus discipulis: 10 
 
 " Unus ex discumbentibus 
 
 Ipse me traditurus est. 35 
 
22 AMBBOSIANI. 
 
 Iudas mercator pessimus 
 Osculo petit Dominum, 
 15 Ille ut agnus iimocens 
 
 Kon negat Iudae osculura. 
 
 Denariorum numero 
 Christus Iudaeis traditur 
 Iimocens et innoxius, 
 20 Quern Iudas tradit impius. 
 
 Praeses Pilatus proclamat: 
 "Nullarn culpam invenio;" 
 Ablutis aqua manibus 
 Christum Iudaeis tradidit. 
 
 25 Fallaces Iudaei impii 
 
 Latronem petunt vivere, 
 Christum accusant graviter : 
 " Orucifigatur, reus est." 
 
 Tunc Barabbas dimittitur 
 
 30 Qui reus mortis fuerat, 
 
 Yita mundi suspenditur 
 Per quam resurgunt mortui. 
 
 III. DE SANCTIS MARTYRIBUS. 
 
 Aeterna Christ] niunera 
 Et martyrum victorias, 
 Laudes ferentes debitas 
 Lactis canamue mentibub. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 23 
 
 Ecclesiarum principes, 5 
 
 Belli triumphales duces, 
 Coelestis aulae inilites, 
 Et vera mundi lumina; 
 
 Terrore victo saeculi, 
 
 Spretisque poenis corporis, 10 
 
 Mortis sacrae compendio 
 
 Vitam beatam possident. 
 
 Traduntur igni martyres 
 
 Et bestiarum dentibus; 
 
 Armata saevit ungulis 15 
 
 Tortoris insani maims. 
 
 Nudata pendent viscera, 
 
 Sanguis sacratus funditur, 
 
 Sed permanent immobiles 
 
 Yitae perennis gratia. 20 
 
 Devota sanctorum fides, 
 Invicta spes credentium, 
 Perfecta Christi caritas 
 Mundi triumphat principem. 
 
 In his Paterna gloria, 25 
 
 In his voluntas Filii, 
 Exultat in his Spiritus ; 
 Coelum repletur gaudiis. 
 
 Te nunc, Eedemtor, quaesumus, 
 
 Ut ipsorum consortio 30 
 
 Iungas precantes servulos 
 
 In sempiterna saecula. 
 
21 AMBROSIANI. 
 
 IV. HYMNUS DE ASCENSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Optatus votis omnium 
 Sacratus illuxit dies 
 Quo Christns, mundi spes, Deus, 
 Conscendit coelos arduos. 
 
 5 Ascendens in altum Dominus 
 
 Propriam ad sedem remeat, 
 Gavisa sunt coeli regna 
 Reditu unigeniti. 
 
 Magni triumphum proelii, 
 10 Mundi pererapto principe, 
 
 Patris praesentat vultibus 
 Victricis carnis gloriam. 
 
 Est elevatns nubibus 
 Et spem fecit eredentibus 
 15 Aperiens paradisum 
 
 Quern protoplastus clauserat 
 
 O grande cunctis gaudium, 
 Quod partus nostrae virginis 
 Post sputa, flagra, post crucem 
 20 Paternae sedi iungitur. 
 
 Agamns ergo gratias 
 Nostrae salutis vindiei, 
 Nostrum quod corpus vexerit 
 Sublimem ad coeli regiam. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 25 
 
 Sit nobis cum coelestibus 25 
 
 Commune manens gaudium, 
 Illis, quod se praesentavit, 
 Nobis, quod se non abstulit. 
 
 Nunc provocates actibus 
 
 Christum exspectare nos decet 30 
 
 Vitaque tali vivere 
 
 Quae possit coelos scandere. 
 
 Gloria tibi, Domine, 
 
 Qui scandis super sidera, 
 
 Cum Patre et Sancto Spiritu 35 
 
 In sempiterna saecula. 
 
 V. HYMN US DE ASCENSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Iesu, nostra redemptio, 
 Amor et desiderium, 
 Deus creator omnium, 
 Homo in tine temporum; 
 
 Quae te vicit dementia 5 
 
 Ut ferres nostra crimina, 
 Crudelem mortem patiens 
 Ut nos a morte tolleres, 
 
 Inferni claustra penetrans, 
 Tuos captivos redirnens, 10 
 
 Victor triumpho nobili 
 Ad dextram patris residens? 
 B 
 
20 AMBROSIAJNI. 
 
 Ipsa te cogat pietas, 
 Ut mala nostra Biiperes 
 15 Parcendo, et voti compotes 
 
 Xos tuo vultu saties. 
 
 Tu esto nostrum gandium, 
 Qui es futurus praemium, 
 Sit nostra in te gloria 
 20 Per cuncta semper saeeula. 
 
 VI. HYMNUS AD BEXTAM. 
 
 lam sexta sensim solvitur 
 Ter binis liora cursibus, 
 Diesque pnncto aeqnabili 
 Utramque noctem respieit. 
 
 5 Venite, servi supplices, 
 
 Mente et ore extollite 
 Dignis beatura laudibus 
 Nomen Dei cum cantico. 
 
 Hoc namque tempus illud est, 
 10 Quod saeculorum iudicem 
 
 Iniustae morti tradidit 
 Mortalium sententia. 
 
 Cum sol repente territus 
 Horrore tanti eriminis 
 15 Mortem minatiir sacculo, 
 
 I )icm refugit impium. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 27 
 
 Hoc et beatus tempore 
 
 Abrahamus fideliter 
 
 Peritus in mysterio 
 
 Tres vidit, unnm credidit. 20 
 
 Hanc ad preeandum cougrnam 
 Salvator lioram tradi'dit, 
 Cum diceret fidelibus 
 Patrem ro^andis servulis. 
 
 Xec noil et ille pert in ax 25 
 
 Hostis fidei gratiam, 
 Qnam praedicavit gentibus 
 Hoc est adeptus tempore. 
 
 At nos amore debito, 
 
 Timore iusto, subditi 30 
 
 Adversus omnes impetus 
 
 Quos saevus hostis incutit. 
 
 Unum rogemus et Patrem 
 
 Deum regemque Filium 
 
 Simulque Sanctum Spiritum 35 
 
 In Trinitate Dominum, 
 
 Ut quos redemit passio 
 
 Isto peracta tempore, 
 
 Posset sub ipso tempore 
 
 Servare deprecatio. 40 
 
% Jb' AMBROSIANI. 
 
 VII. IIYMXUS VESrERTINUS 
 
 O lux beata, Trinitas 
 Et principalis Unitas, 
 lam sol recedit iimeus : 
 Infunde lumen cordibus. 
 
 5 Tc mane laudiim carmine, 
 
 Te deprecemur vesperi, 
 Te nostra supplex gloria 
 Per cuncta laudet saecula. 
 
 Deo patri sit gloria 
 10 Eiusque soli Filio 
 
 Cam Spiritu paraclito 
 Et nunc et in perpetuum. 
 
 VIII. HYMNUS AD COMFLETORIUM. 
 
 Christe, qui lux es et dies, 
 Noctis tenebras detegis, 
 Lucisque lumen crederis 
 Lumen beatum praedicans: 
 
 5 Precamur, sancte Doraine, 
 
 Defende nos in hac nocte ; 
 
 Sit nobis in te requies, 
 Quietam noctam tribue, 
 
 Ne gravis somnus irruat, 
 10 Nee liostis nos surripiat, 
 
 Nee caro illi consentiens 
 N os libi reos statuat. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 29 
 
 Oculi somnum capiant, 
 
 Cor ad te semper vigilet, 
 
 Dextera tua protegat 15 
 
 Faranlos qui te diligimt. 
 
 Defensor noster, adspiee, 
 
 Insidi antes reprime, 
 
 Guberna tuos famulos 
 
 Quos sanguine mercatus es, 20 
 
 Memento nostri, Domine, 
 In gravi isto corpore : 
 Qui es defensor animae 
 Adesro nobis, Domine. 
 
 IX. IIYMNUS AD NOCTUENTTM. 
 
 Mediae noctis tempus est, 
 Prophetica vox admonet: 
 Dicamus laudes Domino 
 Patri semper ac Filio, 
 
 Sancto quoque Spiritui : 5 
 
 Perfecta enim Trinitas 
 Uniusqne substantiae 
 Landanda nobis semper est. 
 
 Terrorem tempus hoc habet, 
 
 Quod, cum vastator angelus 10 
 
 Aegypto mortes intulit, 
 
 Delevit primogenita. 
 
30 AMBROSIANI. 
 
 Ilaec hora iustis sal us est, 
 Quod ibidem tune angelus 
 15 Ausus punire noil erat 
 
 Signum formidans sanguinis, 
 
 Aegyptus flebat fortiter 
 Natorum dira funera, 
 Solus gaudebat Israel 
 20 Agni protectns sanguine. 
 
 Nos verus Israel sumus, 
 Laetemur in te, Doraine, 
 
 Ilostem spernentes et malum, 
 Christ i redempti sanguine. 
 
 25 Ipsum profeeto tempns est 
 
 Quo voee evangeliea 
 Venturas sponsus creditur, 
 Eegni eoelestis conditor. 
 
 Occurrunt sanetae virgines 
 30 Obviam tunc adventui, 
 
 Gestantes claras lampadas, 
 Magno laetantes gaudio. 
 
 [Et] stultae vero remanent 
 Quae exstinetas habent lampadas, 
 35 Frustra pnlsantes ianuam, 
 
 Clausa iam regni regia. 
 
 Pervigilemns sobrie, 
 Gestantes mentes splendidas 3 
 Adveniente ut Eesu 
 40 Digni occurramus obviam. 
 
AMBROSIANL 31 
 
 Mediae noctis tempore 
 Paulus quoque et Sileas 
 Christum vincti in carcere 
 Collaudantes soluti sunt 
 
 Nobis hie mundiis career est ? 45 
 
 Te laudamus, Christe Deus, 
 
 Solve vincla peecatorum 
 In te, Christe, credentium. 
 
 Dignos nos fac, rex hagie, 
 
 Venturi regni gloria, 50 
 
 Aeternis ut mereamur 
 
 Te laudibus concinere. 
 
 X. DE DEDICATIONS ECCLESIAE. 
 
 Christe, cunctorum dominator alme, 
 Patris aeterni genitus ab ore, 
 Supplicum vota pariter ac hymnum 
 Cerne benignus. 
 
 Cerne quod puro, Deus, in honore 5 
 
 Plebs tua supplex resonat in aula, 
 Annua cuius revehunt colendura 
 
 Tempora festum. 
 
 Haec domus rite tibi dedieata 
 
 Noscitur, in qua populus sacratum 10 
 
 Corpus assumit, bibit et beati 
 
 Sanguinis haustum. 
 
32 AMBROSIANI. 
 
 Hie sacrosancti latices veternas 
 Diluunt culpas, perimmitque noxas 
 15 Chrisinate vero, genus et creatur 
 
 Christ icolarum. 
 
 Hie salus aegris, medieina fessis, 
 Lumen orbatis, veniaque nostris 
 Fertur offensis, tinior atque moeror 
 20 Pellitur omnis. 
 
 Daemonis saeva perit hie rapina, 
 Pervicax monstrum pa vet, et retenta 
 Corpora linquens fugit in remotas 
 Ocyus umbras. 
 
 25 Hie locus nempe vocitatur aula 
 
 Regis aeterni niveaque coeli 
 Porta quae sanctos patriam petentes 
 Aecipit omnes. 
 
 Turbo quam null us quatit, ant vagantes 
 3® Diruunt venti penetrantque nimbi. 
 
 Xon tetris laedit piceus tenebris 
 
 Tartarus horrens. 
 
 Quaesumus ergo, Deus, ut sereno 
 Annuas vultu, famulos gubernans 
 35 Qui tuo summo celebrant amore 
 
 Gaudia templi. 
 
 Nulla nos vitae crucient molesta, 
 Sint dies laeti placidaeque noctes, 
 Nullus ex nobis pereunte mundo 
 40 Sentiat isrnes. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 33 
 
 Haec dies in qua tlbi consecratam 
 Conspicis aram, tribuat perenne 
 Gaudium nobis vigeatque longo 
 Temporis usu. 
 
 Gloria snmmum resonet Parenteral, 45 
 
 Gloria Natural, pariterque Sanctum 
 Spiritum dulci modulemur hjmno 
 Onme per aevum. 
 
 XL HYMNUS PASCIIALIS. 
 
 Ad regias Agni dapes 
 Stolis amicti candidis 
 Post transitum maris Rubri 
 Christo canamus principi; 
 
 Divina cuius caritas 5 
 
 Sacrum propinat sanguinem, 
 Almique membra corporis 
 Amor sacerdos immolat. 
 
 Sparsum cruorern postibus 
 
 Vastator horret an^elus, 10 
 
 Fugitque divisum mare, 
 
 Merguntur liostes fluctibus. 
 
 lam Pascha nostrum Cliristus est, 
 Pasclialis idem victima, 
 Et pura puris mentibus 15 
 
 Sinceritatis azyma. 
 B2 
 
34 AMBROSIANL 
 
 O vera coeli victima, 
 Subiecta cui sunt Tartara, 
 Soluta mortis vincula, 
 20 Recepta vitae praeraia. 
 
 Victor subactis inferis 
 Tropaea Christus explicat, 
 
 Coeloqne aperto subditura 
 Regem tenebrarum traliit 
 
 25 Ut sis pereime mentibus 
 
 Paschale, Iesn, gaudium, 
 A morte dira criminum 
 Vitae renatos libera. 
 
 Deo patri sit gloria, 
 30 Et Filio qui a mortuis 
 
 Surrexit, et Paraclito 
 In sempiterna saecula. 
 
 XII. HYMNDS PASCIIALIS- 
 
 Aurora lucis rutilat, 
 Coeluni laudibus intonat, 
 Muudus exultans iubilat, 
 Gemeiis infermis ululat. 
 
 Cum rex ille fortissimus, 
 Mortis confractis viribns, 
 Pede concnlcans Tartara 
 
 Solvit a poena miseros ! 
 
AMBROSIANI. 35 
 
 Hie, qui clausus lapicle 
 Custoditur sub milite, 10 
 
 Triumplians pompa nobili 
 
 Victor surgit de funere. 
 
 Solutis iam gemitibus 
 Et inferni doloribus, 
 "Quia surrexit Dominns!" 15 
 
 Kesplendens clamat angel us. 
 
 Tristes erant apostoli 
 De nece sui Domini, 
 Quein poena mortis crudeli 
 Servi damnarant impii. 20 
 
 Sermone blando angel us 
 Praedixit mulieribus; 
 "In Galilaea Dominns 
 Videndus est qnantocius !" 
 
 Illae dum pergunt concite 25 
 
 Apostolis hoc dicere, 
 Videntes eniri vivere 
 Osculantur pedes Domini. 
 
 Quo agnito discipuli 
 In Galilaeam propere 30 
 
 Perffunt videre faciem 
 Desideratam Domini. 
 
 Claro paschali gaudio 
 Sol nnindo nitet radio, 
 Cum Christum iam apostoli 35 
 
 Visu cernunt eorporeo. 
 
30 AMBROSIANI. 
 
 Ostensa sibi vulnera 
 In Christi came fulgida 
 Besurrexisse Dominum 
 Voce fatentur publica. 
 
 40 Rex Christe clementissime, 
 
 Tu corda nostra preside, 
 Ut tibi laudes debitas 
 Reddamus omni tempore ! 
 
 DE DIERUM CREATIONE HYMNI VL 
 
 XIII. DE OPERE DIEI PEIMAE. 
 
 Lucis creator optime, 
 Lucem dierum proferens, 
 Primordiis lucis novae 
 Mundi parans originem, 
 
 5 Qui mane iunctum vesperi 
 
 Diem vocari praecipis, 
 
 Tetrum chaos illabitur: 
 Audi preces cum fletibus ! 
 
 Ke mens gravata crimine 
 10 Vitae sit exsul munerc, 
 
 Duni nil perenne cogitat, 
 Seseque culpis illigat. 
 
 Coeleste pulset ostium, 
 Vitale tollat praemium, 
 15 Yitemus onine noxium, 
 
 Purgemus omne pessimum. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 37 
 
 XIV. DE OPERE DIEI SECUNDAE. 
 
 Immense coeli conditor, 
 Qui, mixta ne confunderent, 
 Aquae fluenta dividens 
 Coelum dedisti limitem. 
 
 Firmans locum coelestibus, 5 
 
 Simulque terrae rivulis, 
 Ut unda flammas temperet, 
 Terrae solum ne dissipent. 
 
 Infunde nunc, piissime, 
 
 Donum perennis gratiae, 10 
 
 Fraudis novae ne casibus 
 
 Nos error atterat vetus. 
 
 Lucem fides adaugeat, 
 
 Sic luminis iubar ferat, 
 
 Haec vana cnncta proterat, 15 
 
 Hanc falsa nulla comprimant. 
 
 XV. DE OPERE DIEI TERTIAE. 
 
 Telluris ingens conditor, 
 Mundi solum qui separans 
 Pulsis aquae molestiis 
 Terrain dedisti immobilem, 
 
 Ut germen aptum proferens, 5 
 
 Fulvis decora floribus, 
 Fecunda fructu sisteret, 
 Pastumque gratum redderet. 
 
38 AMBROSIAXI. 
 
 Mentis perustae vnlncra 
 10 JMunda virore gratiae, 
 
 Ut facta lletti diluat, 
 Motusque pravos atterat. 
 
 Iussis tuis obtemperet : 
 Null is malis approximet : 
 15 Bonis repleri gaudeat, 
 
 Et mortis ictuin nesciat. 
 
 XVI. DE OPERE DIEI QUARTAE, 
 
 Coeli Dens sauctissime, 
 Qui lucidas poli plagas 
 Candore piugis igneo, 
 Augens decoro lumine, 
 
 5 Quarto die qui flammeam 
 
 Duni solis accendis rotam, 
 Lunae mimstras ordinem, 
 Vagosque cursus siderum; 
 
 Ut noctibus vel lumini 
 10 Diremptionis terminura, 
 
 Primordiis et mensium 
 Signum dares notissimum. 
 
 Expelle noctem cordium, 
 Absterge sordes mentiura, 
 15 Resolve cnlpae vinculum, 
 
 Everte moles criminum. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 39 
 
 XVII. DE OPERE DIEI QUINT AE. 
 
 Magnae Deus potentiae, 
 Qui fertili natos aqua 
 Partim reliuquis gurgiti, 
 Partim levas in aera, 
 
 Demersa lympliis imprimens., 5 
 
 Subvecta coelis erigens, 
 Ut stirpe ab una prodita 
 Diversa repleant loca; 
 
 Largire cunctis servulis, 
 
 Quos mundat unda sanguinis, 10 
 
 Nescire lapsus criminum 
 
 Nee ferre mortis taedium, 
 
 TJt culpa nullum deprimat, 
 
 Nullum efferat iactantia, 
 
 Elisa mens ne eoncidat, 15 
 
 Elata mens ne corruat. 
 
 XVIII. DE OPERE DIEI SEXTAE. 
 
 Hominis superne conditor, 
 Qui eiineta solus ordinans 
 Humum iubes producere 
 Reptantis et ferae genus, 
 
 Et magna rerum corpora, 
 Dieto iubentis vivida, 
 Per temporum certas vices 
 Obtemperare servulis; 
 
40 AMBBOSIANI. 
 
 Eepelle quod cupidinis 
 
 10 Ciente vi nos impetit, 
 
 Aut moribus se sugfferit, 
 Aut actibus se iuterserit. 
 
 Da gaudiorum praemia, 
 Da gratiarum munera, 
 
 15 Dissolve litis vincula, 
 
 Adstringe paeis foedera ! 
 
 XIX. HYMNUS PASCIIALIS AD NOCTUKNUM. 
 
 O Rex aeterne, Donrine, 
 Rerum creator omnium, 
 Qui eras ante saeeula 
 Semper cum Patre Films, 
 
 5 Qui mnndi in primordio 
 
 Adam plasmasti hominem, 
 Cui tuae imagini 
 Vultum dedisti similem, 
 
 Quern diabolus deceperat 
 10 Hostis humani generis, 
 
 Cuius tu formam corporis 
 Assumere dignatus es, 
 
 Ut liominem redimeres 
 Quern ante iam plasmaveras, 
 15 Et nos Deo coniungeres 
 
 Per carnis contubernium, 
 
AMBROSIANI. 41 
 
 Quem editum ex virgine 
 
 Pavescit oranis anima, 
 
 Per quem et nos resurgere 
 
 Devota mente credimus, -20 
 
 Qui nobis per baptismata 
 Donasti indulgentiam, 
 Qui tenebamur vinculis 
 Ligati conscientiae, 
 
 Qui crucem propter hominem 25 
 
 Suscipere dignatns es, 
 Dedisti tiiura sanguinem 
 Xostrae salutis pretiuin: 
 
 Xam velum templi scissum est 
 Et omnis terra tremuit, 30 
 
 Time multos dormientium 
 Resuscitasti, Domine : 
 
 Tu liostis antiqui vires 
 
 Per crucem mortis conteris ? 
 
 Qua nos signati frontibus 35 
 
 Vexillum iidei ferimus; 
 
 Tu ilium a nobis semper 
 
 Repellere dignaveris, 
 
 Ne unquam possit laedere 
 
 .Redemptos tuo sanguine, 40 
 
 Qui propter nos ad inferos 
 Descendere dignatus es, 
 Ut mortis debitoribus 
 Vitae donares munera : 
 
4:2 AMBROSIANI. 
 
 45 Tibi nocturao tempore 
 
 llvnimun deflentes cauiraus, 
 
 %j j 
 
 Ignosce nobis, Domine, 
 Ignosce confitentibus, 
 
 Quia tu ipse testis et index, 
 50 Quern nemo potest fallere, 
 
 Secreta conscientiae 
 Kostrae videns vestigia. 
 
 Tu nostrorum pectorum 
 Solus investigator es, 
 55 Tu vulnerum latentium 
 
 Bonus assistens medicus. 
 
 Tu es qui certo tempore 
 Daturus finem saeeuli, 
 Tu eunctorum meritis 
 60 Iustus remunerator es. 
 
 Te ergo, Sancte, quaesumus 
 Ut nostra cures vulnera, 
 Qui es cum Patre Filins 
 Semper cum Sancto Spiritu. 
 
 XX. IIYMNUS DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 A solis ortus cardine 
 Et usque terrae limitem 
 Christum canainus principem, 
 Natura Alariac Virginia. 
 
AMBROSIANI. 43 
 
 Gaudete, quicquid gentium, 5 
 
 Iudaea, Roma et Graecia, 
 Aegypte, Thrax, Persa, Scytha, 
 Rex unus omnes possidet. 
 
 Laudate vestrum principem, 
 
 Omnes beati ac perditi, 10 
 
 Vivi, imbecilli ac mortui, 
 
 lam nemo post liaec mortuus. 
 
 Fit porta Christi pervia 
 
 Referta plena gratia, 
 
 Transitque rex, et permanet 15 
 
 Clausa nt fuit per saecula. 
 
 Genus superni numinis 
 
 Processit aula virginis, 
 
 Sponsus, redemptor, conditor, 
 
 Suae o-Jcras ecclesiae. 20 
 
 Honor matris et gaudium, 
 Immensa spes credentium, 
 Per atra mortis pocula 
 Resolvit nostra crimina. 
 
 Lapis de monte veniens 25 
 
 Mundumque replens gratia, 
 Quern noil praecisum manibus 
 Vates vetusti nuntiant. 
 
 Qui verbum caro factus est 
 
 Praeconio angelico, 30 
 
 De claustris virginalibus 
 
 Virginis virgo natus est. 
 
44 AMBROSIANI. 
 
 Rorem dederunt aethera 
 Nubesque instum fuderunt, 
 35 Patens excepit donrinum 
 
 Terra salutem generans. 
 
 Mirabilis conceptio : 
 Christum protnlit sobolem 
 Ut virgo partum funderet, 
 40 Post partum virgo sisteret. 
 
 Exultet omnis anima, 
 Nunc rederaptorem gentium 
 Mundi venisse dominuin 
 Redimere quos condidit. 
 
 45 Creator cuncti generis, 
 
 Orbis quern totus non capifc, 
 In tua, sancta genitrix, 
 Sese reclusit viscera. 
 
 Quern pater ante tempora 
 50 Dens Deumque genuit, 
 
 Matris almae virginitas 
 Cum tempore partum edidii; 
 
 Tollens cuneta facinora 
 Et donans sancta munera, 
 55 Augmentum lucis afferens, 
 
 Tenebris damnum inferens. 
 
IV. 
 AUGUSTINIANL 
 
 I. DE GAUDIIS PARADISI. 
 
 Ad perennis vitae fontem mens sitivit arida; 
 Claustra carnis praesto frangi clausa quaerit anima: 
 Gliscit, ambit, eluctatur exul frui patria. 
 
 Dam pressaris ac aerumnis se gemit obnoxiam, 
 Qaam amisit, dam deliquit, contemplatnr gloriam, 5 
 Praesens malam auget boni perditi menioriam. 
 
 Nam quis promat suramae pads quanta sitlaetitia, 
 Ubi vivis margaritis surgunt aedificia, 
 Auro celsa micant tecta, radiant triclinia ? 
 
 Solis gemmis pretiosis liaec strnetura nectitur; 10 
 Anro mundo, tanquam vitro, urbis via sternitnr; 
 
 Abest limns, deest flmus, lues nulla cernitur. 
 
 Hiems horrens, aestas torrens illic nunquam saevi- 
 unt ; 
 Flos perpetuus rosarum ver agit perpetnum; 
 Candent lilia, rubescit crocus, sudat balsamum. 15 
 
4G AUGUSTINIANI. 
 
 Virent prata, vernant sata, rivi mollis influunt; 
 Pigmentoram spirat odor, liquor et aromatum ; 
 Pendent poma floridorura non lapsura nemorum. 
 
 Non alternat lima vices, sol, velcursus siderum; 
 20 Agnus est felicis urbis lumen inocciduum; 
 
 Nox et tempus desimt ei, diem fert continuum. 
 
 Nam et sancti quique velut sol praeclarus rutilant ; 
 Post triumphum coronati mutuo coniubilant, 
 Et prostrati pugnas liostis iam securi numerant. 
 
 25 Omni labe defaecati carnis bella neseiunt, 
 Caro facta spiritalis et mens unura sentiunt; 
 Pace multa perfruentes scandalum non perferunt. 
 
 Mu tab ili bus exuti repetunt originem, 
 Et praesentem veritatis contemplaiftur speeiem, 
 SOIIinc vitalem vivi fontis hauriunt dulcedinem. 
 
 Inde statu m semper idem existendi capiunt; 
 Clan, vividi, iucundi nullis patent casibus: 
 Absunt morbi semper sanis, senectus iuvenibus. 
 
 Ilinc perenne tenent esse, nam transire transiit; 
 35 Inde virent, vigent, florent : corruptela corruit, 
 Immortalitatis vigor mortis ins absorbuit. 
 
 C^ ni Scientem cuncta sciunt, quid nescire neque- 
 unt? 
 
 Nam et pectoris arcana penetrant alterutrum ; 
 (Hum volunt, unum nolunt, unitas est mentium. 
 
 40 Licet cuiquam sit diversum pro labore meritum, 
 Caritas lioc facit suum, quod, dum amat alteram, 
 
 Proprium ^ic singuloruin tit commune omnium. 
 
AUGUSTINIANI. 47 
 
 Ubi corpus illic jure congregantur aquilae ; 
 Quo cum angelis et sanctae recreantur animae, 
 Uno pane vivunt cives utriusque patriae. 45 
 
 Avidi et semper pleni quod habent desiderant ; 
 Is on satietas fastidit, neque fames cruciat : 
 Inhiantes semper edunt, et edentes inliiant. 
 
 Novas semper melodias vox meloda concrepat, 
 Et in jubilum prolata mulcent aures organ a, 50 
 
 Digna per quern sunt victores regi dant praeconia. 
 
 Felix coeli quae praesentem regem cernit anima, 
 Et sub sede spectat alta orbis volvi machinam : 
 Solera, lunam et globosa cum planetis sidera ! 
 
 Christe, palm a bellatorum, hoc in municipiura 55 
 Introduc rae post solutum militare cingulum ; 
 Fac consortem donativi beatorum civium ! 
 
 Probes vires inexhausto laboranti proelio, 
 Nee quietem post procinctum deneges emerito, 
 Teque merear potiri sine fine praemio ! 60 
 
 II. DE GAUDIIS PARADISI. 
 
 O gens beata coelitum, 
 Sanctorum phalanx principum, 
 O quanta Dei gratia 
 Inundat vos per omnia! 
 Supremus vobis Dominus 5 
 
 Summura dat bonura cominus 
 Quo frui licet omnibus. 
 
48 A.UGUSTINIANI. 
 
 O quanta super sidera 
 Vibratis omnes lumina! 
 10 Splendore solem vincitis 
 
 Et quidquid micat sideris; 
 Et si qua stella clarius 
 Fulgeret, quam sol aureus ; 
 Lux vestra major omnibus, 
 
 15 Corpus crystallo purius; 
 
 Ut sol refulget animus; 
 
 Venae corallo similes, 
 
 Xec auri filo dispares; 
 
 In venis sanguis gratius 
 20 Flagrabit, rosis suavius 
 
 Et balsame jucundius. 
 
 In paradiso vivitis, 
 Florum corollas fleetitis 9 
 Rosas miscetis liliis, 
 25 Ligastra cum narcissulis. 
 
 Flos imus, hie cultissimus, 
 Plus mille voluptatibus 
 Puris redundat mentibus. 
 
 Tlic mensa semper epulis 
 30 Instructa manet coelicis; 
 
 Cum Deo vos aceumbitis, 
 Ejus fruentes ferculis. 
 Hie nulla desunt duleia, 
 Hand nectar, baud ambrosia: 
 85 Illis abundant omnia. 
 
AUGUSTINIANI. 4:9 
 
 O quanta hie sunt gaudia, 
 Quam dulcis sonat musica, 
 Quae vocum hie concord ia, 
 Quae fid urn est harmonia. 
 O quam miscentur dulciter, 40 
 
 Quam tinniunt suaviter: 
 Nil est auditum taliter! 
 
 Deum videtis principem 
 De facie ad faciem, 
 
 Ex quo vobis coelestia 45 
 
 Naseuntur tanta gaudia, 
 Quanta nee videt oculus, 
 Nee ullus cepit auribus — 
 Hie nmndus sordet omnibus, 
 
 III. ANTIDOTUM CONTRA TYRANNIDEM PECCATI. 
 
 Quid, tyranne ! quid minaris ? 
 Quid usquam poenarum est, 
 Quidquid tandem maehinaris: 
 Hoc amanti parum est. 
 
 Dulce mihi erueiari, 5 
 
 Parva vis doloris est: 
 
 "Malo mori quam foedari!" 
 
 Major vis amoris est. 
 
 Para rogos, quamvis truces, 
 
 Et quiquid flagrorum est; 10 
 
 Adde ferrum, adde cruces : 
 
 Nil adhnc amanti est. 
 
 C 
 
50 AUGUSTINIANI. 
 
 Dulce mihi cruciari, 
 Parva vis doloris est : 
 
 15 "Malo inori quain foedari!" 
 
 Major vis anions est. 
 
 Nimis blandus dolor ille ! 
 
 Una mors, quam brevis est ! 
 
 Cruciatus amo mille, 
 20 Omnis poena levis est. 
 
 Dulce mihi sauciari, 
 Parva vis doloris est: 
 "Malo mori quam foedari!" 
 Major vis amoris est 
 
V. 
 PRUDENTIUS 
 
 I. DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 Da, puer, plectrum, choreis 
 Ut canam fidelibus 
 Dulce carmen et melodum, 
 Gesta Christi insignia. 
 Hunc camena nostra solum 5 
 
 Pangat, hunc laudet lyra. 
 
 Corde natus ex parentis 
 Ante mundi exordium, 
 A et Q cognominatus, 
 Ipse fons et clausula 10 
 
 Omnium, quae sunt, fuerunt, 
 Quaeque post futura sunt, 
 
 Corporis formam caduci, 
 Membra morti obnoxia 
 Induit, ne gens periret 15 
 
 Protoplasti ex genuine, 
 Merserat quern lex profundo 
 Noxialis Tartaro. 
 
52 PRUDENHUS. 
 
 O beatus ortus ille, 
 20 Virgo cum puerpera 
 
 Edidit nostram salutem 
 Foeta Sancto Spiritu, 
 Et puer, redemptor orbis, 
 Os sacratum protulit. 
 
 25 Psallat altitudo coeli ; 
 
 Psallat oranis angelus; 
 Quidquid est virtutis usquam 
 Psallat in laudem Dei: 
 Nulla linguarnm silescat, 
 
 30 Vox et omnis consonet. 
 
 Ecee! quern vates vetnstis 
 Concinebant seculis ; 
 Quern proplietarum fideles 
 Paginae spoponderant, 
 35 Emicat promissus olim: 
 
 Cuncta collaudent eum ! 
 
 Te senes et te inventus, 
 Parvulorum te chorus, 
 Tnrba matrum virginumque, 
 4-0 Simplices puellulae 
 
 Voce Concordes pudicis 
 Perstrepant concentibus. 
 
 Flumiuum lapsus et undae, 
 Littorum crepidines, 
 45 Imber, aestus, nix, pruina, 
 
 Aura, silva, nox, dies 
 Omnibus te concelebrent 
 Saeculorum saeculis ! 
 
PRUDENTIUS. 53 
 
 II. IN EXSEQUIIS. 
 
 lam maesta quiesce querela, 
 Lacrimas suspendite, matres ! 
 Nullus sua pignora plangat: 
 Mors haec reparatio vitae est. 
 
 Quidnam sibi saxa cavata, 5 
 
 Quid pulclira volunt m on amenta? 
 Res quod nisi creditur illis 
 Non mortua, sed data somno. 
 
 Nam quod requiescere corpus 
 Vacuum sine mente videmus, 10 
 
 Spatium breve restat, ut alti 
 Repetat collegia se^us. 
 
 Venient cito saecula, quum iam 
 Socius calor ossa revisat, 
 Animataque sanguine vivo 15 
 
 Habitacula pristina gestet, 
 
 Quae pigra cadavera pridem 
 Tumulis putrefaeta iacebant, 
 Volucres rapientur in auras, 
 Animas comitata priores. 20 
 
 Sic semina sicca virescunt 
 Iam mortua iamque sepulta, 
 Quae reddita caespite ab imo 
 Veteres meditantur aristas. 
 
54 PRUDENTIUS. 
 
 25 Nunc suscipe, terra, foveiidum, 
 
 Gremioque hunc concipe molli! 
 
 Ilominis tibi membra sequestro, 
 Generosa et fragmina credo. 
 
 Animae fuit haec domiis olim 
 30 Factoris ab ore creatae; 
 
 Fervens liabitavit in istis 
 Sapientia principe Cbristo. 
 
 Ta depositum tege corpus! 
 Non immemor ille requiret 
 35 Sua munera fictor et auctor 
 
 Propriique aenigmata vultus. 
 
 Veniant modo tempora iusta, 
 Quum spem Deus impleat omnem 
 Keddas patefacta necesse est 
 40 Qualem tibi trado figurain. 
 
 Non, si cariosa vetustas 
 Dissolvent ossa favillis, 
 Fueritque cinisculus arens 
 Minimi mensura pugilli; 
 
 45 Xec, si vaga flamina et aurae 
 
 Vacuum per inane volantes 
 Tulerint cum pulvere nervos, 
 Ilominem periisse licebit. 
 
 Sed dum resolubile corpus 
 50 Kevocas, Deus, atque reformas, 
 
 Quanam regione jubebis 
 Animam requiescere puram? 
 
PRUDENTIUS. 55 
 
 Gremio senis addita sancti 
 Reeubabit, ut est Eleazar, 
 Quern floribus undique septum 55 
 
 Dives procul aspicit ardens. 
 
 Sequimur tua dicta, Eedemptor, 
 Quibus atra morte triuraphans, 
 
 Tua per vestigia mandas 
 
 Socium crueis ire latronem. 60 
 
 Patet ecce fidelibus ampli 
 Yia lucida iam Paradisi, 
 Licet et neraus illud adire, 
 Homini quod ademerat anguis. 
 
 Nos tecta fovebimus ossa 65 
 
 Yiolis et fronde frequenti, 
 Titulamque et frigida saxa 
 Liquido spargemus odore. 
 
 in. AD GALLI CANTUM. 
 
 Ales, diei uuntius, 
 Lucem propinquam praecinit; 
 Nos excitator mentium 
 Iam Christus ad vitam vocat. 
 
 " Auferte,' 5 clamat, " lectulos, 
 Aegros, soporos, desides, 
 Castique recti ac sobrii 
 Vigilate : iam sum proximus !" 
 
56 PKUDENTTUS. 
 
 Iesum ciamus vocibus, 
 10 Flentes, precantes, sobrii : 
 
 Intenta supplieatio 
 Dorrnire cor mundum vetat. 
 
 Tu, Christe, somnurn disiice 
 Tu rurape noctis vincula; 
 15 Tu solve peccatum vetus, 
 
 Novumque lumen ingere ! 
 
 IV. DE SANCTIS INNOCENTIBUS. 
 
 Salvete, flores martyrum ! 
 Quos lucis ipso in limine 
 Cliristi insecutor sustulit, 
 Ceu turbo nascentes rosas. 
 
 5 Vos, prima Christi vietima, 
 
 Grex immolatorum tener, 
 Aram sub ipsam simplices 
 Palma et coronis luditis. 
 
 Quid proficit tantum nefas; 
 10 Quid crimen Ilerodem juvat ? 
 
 Unus tot inter funera 
 Impune Cliristus tollitur. 
 
 Cunac redundant sanguine; 
 Sed in Deum frustra furit: 
 15 Tnimi petit tot mortibus, 
 
 Mortes tot unus effugit. 
 
PRUDENTIUS. 57 
 
 Inter coaevi sanguinis 
 Fluenta solus integer, 
 Ferrum, quod orbabat nurus, 
 Partus fefellit Yirginis. 20 
 
 Sic stulta Pharaonis mali 
 Edicta quondam fugerat, 
 Christi figuram praeferens, 
 Moses, receptor civiura. 
 
 Matres, quaerelis parcite! 25 
 
 Quid rapta fletis pignora? 
 Agnum, salutis obsidem, 
 Denso sequuntur agmine. 
 
 V. HYMNUS MATUTINUS. 
 
 Lux ecce surgit aurea, 
 Pallens facessat caecitas, 
 Quae nosmet in praeceps din 
 Errore traxit devio. 
 
 Haec lux serenum conferat, 5 
 
 Purosque nos praestet sibi; 
 Nihil loquamnr subdolum, 
 Yolvamus obscurum nihil. 
 
 Sic tota decurrat dies, 
 
 Ne lingua mendax, ne manus, 10 
 
 Oculive peccent lubrici, 
 
 Ne noxa corpus inquinet. 
 
 C 2 
 
58 PRUDENTIUS. 
 
 Speculator adstat desuper, 
 Qui nos diebus omnibus 
 
 15 Actusquc nostros prospicit 
 
 A luce prima in vesperam, 
 
 VI. DE EPIPIIANIA. 
 
 O sola magnarum urbiura, 
 Maior Bethlem, cui contigit 
 Ducem salutis coelitus 
 Incorporation gignere. 
 
 5 Haec stella, quae solis rotam 
 
 Vincit decore ac lumine, 
 Yenisse terris nuntiat 
 Cum carne terrestri Deum. 
 
 Videre postquam ilium magi, 
 10 Eoa promunt munera, 
 
 Stratique votis offerunt 
 Thus, myrrham et aurum regium, 
 
 Regem Deumque annuntiant 
 Thesaurus et fragrans odor 
 15 Thuris Sabaei, ac myrrheus 
 
 Pulvis sepulcrum praedocet. 
 
 Iesu, tibi sit gloria, 
 Qui apparuisti gcntibus, 
 Cum Patre et almo Spiritu, 
 '20 In sempiterna saecnla. 
 
VI. 
 S E D U L I U S 
 
 I. DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 A solis ortus cardine 
 Ad usque terrae limitem 
 Christum canamus principem, 
 Natum Maria virgine. 
 
 Beatus auctor saeculi 5 
 
 Servile corpus induit, 
 Ut carne carnem liberaus 
 Ne perderet quos condidit. 
 
 Castae parentis viscera 
 Coelestis intrat gratia: 10 
 
 Venter puellae baiulat 
 Secreta, quae non noverat. 
 
 Domus pudici pectoris 
 Tempi um repente fit Dei : 
 Intacta, nesciens virum, 15 
 
 Verbo concepit filium. 
 
60 SEDULIUS. 
 
 Enixa iam puerpera est, 
 Quern Gabriel praedixerat, 
 Quein matris alvo gestiens 
 20 Clausus Ioannes senserat. 
 
 Foeno iacere pertulit, 
 
 Praesepe non abhorruit, 
 Parvoque lacte past us est, 
 Per quern nee ales esurit. 
 
 25 Gaudet chorus eoelestium 
 
 Et angeli canunt Deo, 
 
 Palamque fit pastoribus 
 Pastor, creator omnium. 
 
 II. DE EPIPHANIA DOMINI. 
 
 Herodes, hostis impie, 
 Christum venire quid times? 
 Non eripit mortalia, 
 Qui regna dat coelestia. 
 
 5 Ibant magi, quam viderant 
 
 Stellam sequentes praeviam: 
 Lumen requirunt lumine, 
 Deum fatentur munere. 
 
 Caterva raatrum personat, 
 10 Collisa deflens pignora; 
 
 Quorum tyrannus millia 
 Christo sacravit victimam. 
 
SEDULIUS. 61 
 
 Lavacra puri gurgitis 
 Coelestis agnus attigit: 
 Peceata, quae non detulit, 15 
 
 Nos abluendo sustulit. 
 
 Miraculis dedit fidem, 
 Habere se Deum patrem, 
 Infirma sanans corpora, 
 Eesuscitans cadavera. 20 
 
 Novum genus potentiae : 
 Aquae rubescunt hydriae, 
 Vinumque iussa fundere 
 Mutavit unda originem. 
 
 ni. SALVE SANCTA PARENS. 
 
 Salve, sancta parens, enixa puerpera Kegem, 
 Qui coelum terramque regit per saecula, cuius 
 Numen et aeterno complectens omnia gyro 
 Imperium sine fine manet; quae ventre beato 
 Gaudia matris habens cum virginitatis honore, 
 Nee primam similem visa est, nee habere sequen- 
 
 tem; 
 Sola sine exemplo placuisti f emina Christo ! 
 Christe, fave votis, qui mundum in morte iacen- 
 
 tem 
 Vivificare volens quondam terrena petisti! 
 
VII. 
 E L P I S 
 
 HYMNUS DE PETRO ET PAULO. 
 
 Aurea luce et decore roseo 
 Lux lucis omne perfudisti saeculum, 
 Decorans coelos inelyto martyrio 
 Hac sacra die, quae dat reis veniam. 
 
 5 Ianitor coeli, doctor orbis pariter, 
 
 Indices saecli, vera mundi lumina, 
 Per crucem alter, alter ense triumphans, 
 Vitae senatum laureati possident. 
 
 lam, bone pastor Petre, clemens accipe 
 10 Vota precantum et peccati vincula 
 
 Resolve tibi potestate tradita, 
 Qui cunctis coclum verbo claudis, aperis, 
 
 Doctor egregie Paule, mores instrue, 
 Et mente polum nos transferre satage, 
 15 Douce perfectum largiatur plenius 
 
 Evacnato, quod ex parte gerimus. 
 
ELPIS. 63 
 
 Olivae binae pietatis unicae, 
 
 Fide devotos, spe robustos, maxume 
 
 Fonte repletos caritatis geminae 
 
 Post mortem carnis impetrate vivere. 20 
 
 O Eoma felix, quae duorum principum 
 Es eonsecrata glorioso sanguine, 
 Horum cruore purpurata ceteras 
 Excellis orbis una pulchritudines. 
 
 Sit Trinitati sempiterna gloria, 25 
 
 Honor, potestas atque iubilatio, 
 
 In unitate, cui manet imperium 
 
 Et tunc et modo per aeterna saecula. 
 
VIII. 
 FORTUNATUS. 
 
 I. DE PASSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Pange, lingua, gloriosi proelium certaminis, 
 
 Et super crucis tropaeo die trinmphum nobilem„ 
 
 Qualiter Redemptor orbis immolatus vicerit. 
 
 De parentis protoplasti fraude factor condolens, 
 5 Quando pomi noxialis morsu in mortem corruit, 
 Ipse lignum tunc notavit, damna ligni ut solveret 
 
 Hoc opus nostrae salutis ordo depoposcerat, 
 Multiformis proditoris ars ut arteni falleret, 
 Et medelam ferret inde hostis unde laeserat. 
 
 10 Quando venit ergo sacri plenitudo temporis, 
 Missus est ab arce Patris natus orbis conditor, 
 Atque ventre virginali caro factus prodiit. 
 
 Vagit infans inter arcta conditus praesepia, 
 Membra pannis involuta virgo mater alligat, 
 15 Et pedes manusque crura stricta cingit fascia. 
 
FORTUNATUS. 65 
 
 Lustra sex qui iarn peracta tempus implens corporis, 
 Se volente natus ad hoc, passioui deditus 
 Agnus in cruce levatur, inimolandus stipite. 
 
 Hie acetura, fel, arundo, sputa, clavi, lancea, 
 
 Mite corpus perforating sanguis unda profluit, 20 
 
 Terra, pontus, astra, mundus quo lavantur flumine. 
 
 Crux fidelis inter omnes arbor una nobilis, 
 Nulla talem silva profert, fronde, flore, genuine, 
 Dulce lignum dulci clavo dulce pondus sustinens. 
 
 JFlecte ramos, arbor alta, tensa laxa viscera, 25 
 
 Et rigor lentescat ille, quern dedit nativitas, 
 Ut superni membra regis miti tendas stipite. 
 
 Sola digna tu fuisti ferre pretium saeculi, 
 Atque portum praeparare nauta mundo naufrago, 
 Quern sacer cruor perunxit fusus agni corpore. 80 
 
 n. DE CRUCE CHRISTI. 
 
 Crux benedicta nitet, Dominus qua carne pependit, 
 
 Atque cruore suo vulnera nostra lavit; 
 Mitis amore pio pro nobis victima f actus, 
 
 Traxit ab ore lupi qua sacer agnns oves; 
 Transfixis palmis ubi mundum a clade redemit, 5 
 
 Atque suo clausit funere mortis iter. 
 Hie manus ilia f uit clavis confixa cruentis, 
 
 Quae eripuit Paulum crimine, morte Petrum. 
 Fertilitate potens, O dulce et nobile lignum, 
 
 Quando tnis ramis tarn nova poma geris ; 10 
 
66 FORTUNATUS. 
 
 Cuius odore novo defuncta cadavera surgunt, 
 
 Et redeunt vitae qui caruere die; 
 Nullum uret aestus sub frondibus arboris huius, 
 
 Luna nee in nocte, sol neque raeridie. 
 15 Tu plantata micas, secus est ubi cursus aquarum, 
 
 Spargis et ornatas flore recente comas. 
 Appensa est vitis inter tua brachia, de qua 
 
 Dulcia sanguineo vina rubore fluunt. 
 
 III. DE PASSIOSE CIIRISTI. 
 
 Vexilla regis prodeunt, 
 
 Fulget crucis mysterium, 
 Quo carne earn is conditor 
 Suspensus est patibulo; 
 
 5 Quo vulneratus insuper 
 
 Mucrone diro lanceae, 
 Ut nos lavaret crimine 
 Manavit unda et sanguine. 
 
 Impleta sunt, quae concinit 
 10 David fldeli carmine, 
 
 Dicens : In nationibus 
 Regnabit a ligno Dens! 
 
 Arbor decora et fulgida, 
 Ornata regis purpura, 
 15 Electa digno stipite 
 
 Tain sancta membra tangere ! 
 
FORTUNATUS. 67 
 
 Beat a, cuius brachiis 
 Pretium pependit seculi; 
 Statera facta corporis 
 Praedamque tulit Tartari. 20 
 
 Aroma fundis cortice, 
 Vincis saporem nectaris, 
 Iucunda fructu fertili 
 Plaudis triumpho nobili. 
 
 Salve ara, salve victima, 25 
 
 De passion is gloria: 
 Qua vita mortem pertulit, 
 Et morte vitam reddidit! 
 
 O crux, ave, spes unica, 
 Hoc passionis tempore, 30 
 
 Piis adauge gratiam, 
 Keisque dele criminal 
 
 IV. DE RESTJKRECTIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Salve, festa dies, toto venerabilis aevo, 
 Qua Deus infernum vicit, et astra tenet. 
 Salve, festa dies, toto venerabilis aevo. 
 
 Ecce renascentis testatur gratia mundi 
 Omnia cum Domino dona redisse suo, 
 Qua Deus infernum vicit, et astra tenet. 
 
 Namque triumphanti post tristia Tartara Christo 
 Undique fronde nemus, gramina flore favent. 
 Salve, festa dies, toto venerabilis aevo. 
 
68 FORTUNATUS. 
 
 10 Legibus infcrni oppressis super astra meantem 
 Laudant rite Deum lux, polus, arva, f return, 
 Qua Deus infernum vicit, et astra tenet. 
 
 Qui crucifixus erat, Deus ecce per omnia regnat, 
 Dantque Creatori cuncta creata precem. 
 15 Salve, festa dies, toto venerabilis aevo. 
 
IX. 
 EUGENIUS 
 
 Rex Dens, immensi quo constat machina rnundi, 
 
 Quod miser imploro per Christum, perfice clemens : 
 
 Da vigilem sensum, rex regum cuncta gubernans, 
 
 Da, precor, ingenium, da mentis lumen honestum. 
 
 Sit mihi recta fides, et falsis obvia sectis, 5 
 
 Sit mihi praecipue raorum correctio praesens. 
 
 Sim cams, verax, humilis, cum tempore prudens, 
 
 Secreti tacitus et linguae famine cautus. 
 
 Da fidum socium, da fixum semper amicum. 
 
 Da blandum, sobrium, parcum, castumque ministrum. 10 
 
 Non me pauperies cruciet, aut languor obuncet 
 
 Sit comes alma salus, et sufficientia victus. 
 
 Absint divitiae, fastus et iurgia, lites, 
 
 Invidia et luxus et ventris pensio turpis. 
 
 Crimine nee laedam quemquam, nee crimine laedar. 15 
 
 Sic bene velle queam, quo pravum velle recedat. 
 
 Turpe nihil cupiam, faciam, vel proloquar unquam. 
 
 Te mens desideret, sermo canat, actio promat. 
 
 Da, Pater altitonans, undosum fletibus imbrem 
 
 Quo valeam lacrymis culparum solvere moles. 20 
 
70 EUGENIUS. 
 
 Da, precor, auxilium, possim quo vincere miindum 
 Et vitae stadium placido percurrere passu. 
 Q mini que suprema dies mortis patefecerit urnam, 
 Concede veniam, cui to/lit culpa coronam. 
 25 Gloria summa tibi, coelique terraeque Creator, 
 Qui Deus es trinus, regnans super omnia solus. 
 
X. 
 
 AUCTOR INCERTUS. 
 
 Apparebit repentina dies magna Domini, 
 
 Fur obscura velnt nocte improvisos occupans. 
 
 Brevis totus turn parebit prisci luxus saeculi, 
 Totum sinrnl cum clarebit praeterisse saeculum. 
 
 Clangor tubae per quaternas terrae plagas concinens, 5 
 Vivos una mortuosque Christo eiet obviam. 
 
 De coelesti Judex arce, maiestate fulgidus, 
 Claris angelorum choris comitatus aderit. 
 
 Erubescet orbis lunae, sol et obscurabitur, 
 
 Stellae cadent pallescentes, mundi tremet ambitus. 10 
 
 Flamma ignis anteibit iusti vultum Iudicis, 
 
 Coelos, terras et profundi fluctus ponti devorans. 
 
 Gloriosus in sublimi Rex sedebit solio, 
 
 Angelorum tremebunda circumstabunt a^mina. 
 
 Iluius omnes ad electi colligentur dexteram, 15 
 
 Pravi pavent a sinistris, haedi velnt foetidi. 
 
VA AUCTOR INCEETUS. 
 
 Itc, elicit Rex ad dextros, regnum coeli sumite, 
 Pater vobis quod paravit ante onine saeeulum. 
 
 Karitate qui fraterna me iuvistis pauperem, 
 20 Caritatis nunc mercedem reportate divites. 
 
 Laeti dicent : Quando, Christe, pauperem te vidimus. 
 Te, Rex magne, vel egentem miserati iuvimus? 
 
 Magnus illis dicet Index : cum iuvistis pauperes, 
 Panem, domum, vestem dantes, me iuvistis humiles, 
 
 25 Xec tardabit et sinistris loqui iustus Arbiter : 
 
 In Gehennae, maledicti, flammas hinc diseedite! 
 
 Obsecrantem me audirc despexistis mendicum, 
 Kudo vestem non dedistis, neglexistis languidum, 
 
 Peccatores dicent : Christe, quando te vel pauperem, 
 30 Te, Rex magne, vel infirmum contemnentes spre- 
 vimus? 
 
 Quibus contra Index altus: Mendicanti quamdiu 
 Gpern ferre despexistis, me sprevistis improbi. 
 
 Retro ruent turn iniusti ignes in perpetuos, 
 
 Vermis quorum non morietur, flamma nee restin- 
 guitur. 
 
 35 Satan atro cum ministris quo tenetur carcere, 
 
 Fletus ubi mugitusque, strident omnes dentibus-. 
 
 Tunc fideles ad coelestem sustollentur patriam, 
 Choros inter angelorum regni petent gandia. 
 
AUCT0R INCERTUS. 73 
 
 Urbis snmmae Hierusaleni introibunt gloriam, 
 
 Vera lucis atque pacis in qua fulget visio, 40 
 
 XPM regem iain paterna claritate splendidum 
 
 Ubi celsa beatorum contemplantur agmina. 
 
 Ydri frandes ergo cave, infirmantes subleva, 
 Aurura temne, fuge lnxiis, si \is astra petere. 
 
 Zona clara castitatis lumbos nunc praecingere, 
 
 In occursum magni Regis fer ardentes larapades. 45 
 
 D 
 
XL 
 GREGORIUS MAGNUS 
 
 I. IIYMNUS AD LAUDES. 
 
 Ecce iam noctis tenuatur umbra, 
 Lucis aurora rutilans coruscat, 
 Nisibns totis rogitemus omnes 
 Cunctipotentem, 
 
 5 Ut Deus noster miseratus oimiem 
 
 Pellat angorem, tribuat salutem, 
 Donet et nobis pietate patris 
 Regna polorum. 
 
 Praestet hoc nobis Deitas beata 
 10 Patris ac Nati pariterque Sancti 
 
 Spiritus, cuius reboat per omnem 
 Gloria mundum. 
 
 II. IN CAENA DOMINI. 
 
 Rex Christe, factor omnium, 
 Redemptor et credentium, 
 Placare votis supplicum 
 Te laudibus colentium ! 
 
GREGORIUS MAGNUS. 75 
 
 Cuius benigna gratia 5 
 
 Crucis per alma vulnera 
 Virtute solvit ardua 
 Primi parentis vincula. 
 
 Qui es creator siderum, 
 Tegmen subisti carneum, 10 
 
 Dignatus banc vilissimam 
 Pati doloris formulam. 
 
 Ligatus es, ut solveres 
 Mundi mentis complices, 
 Per probra tergens crimina, 15 
 
 Quae mundus auxit plurima. 
 
 Cruci, redemptor, figeris 5 
 Terram sed omnem concutis; 
 Tradis potentem spiritum, 
 Nigrescit atque seculum. 20 
 
 Mox in pater nae gloriae 
 Victor resplendens culmine 
 Cum Spiritus munimine 
 Defende nos, Rex optime! 
 
 III. IN QUADRAGESIMA. 
 
 Audi, benigne conditor, 
 Nostras preces cum fletibus 
 In boc sacro ieiunio 
 Fusas quadragenario. 
 
- • 
 
 <o GREGORIUS MAGNUS. 
 
 5 Scrutator aline cordium 3 
 
 Infirma tu scis virium, 
 Ad to reversis exhibe 
 Remissionis scratiam. 
 
 Multum quidem peecaviuiuSj 
 10 Sed parce confitentibus ; 
 
 Ad laudem tui nominis 
 Confer inedelam languidis. 
 
 Sic corpus extra conteri 
 Dona per abstinentiam, 
 15 Ieiunet ut mens sobria 
 
 A labe prorsus criminum. 
 
 IV. AD NOCTURNAM. 
 
 Nocte surgentes vigileraus omnes, 
 Semper in psalmis meditemur, atque 
 
 Voce concordi Domino canamns 
 Dulciter hymnos! 
 
 5 Ut pio regi pariter canentes 
 
 Cum siiis Sanctis mereamur aulam 
 Ingredi coeli simul et perennem 
 Dncere vitam. 
 
 Praestet lioc nobis Deitas beata 
 10 Patris ac Nat i pariterque Sancti 
 
 BpirituSj cuius resonal per omnem 
 Gloria mundum ! 
 
GREGORIUS MAGNUS. 77 
 
 V. DE EPIPHANIA. 
 
 Nuntium vobis fero de supernis, 
 ISatus est Christus, dominator orbis, 
 In Bethlem ludae, veluti propheta 
 Dixerat ante. 
 
 Hunc canit laetus chorus angelorum, 5 
 
 Stella declarat, veniunt Eoi 
 Principes dignum celebrare cultum, 
 Mystiea dona. 
 
 Thus Deo ; myrrham trocleten humando, 
 Bracteas regi chrvseas tulere, 10 
 
 Dum colunt unum, meminere trino 
 Tres dare terna. 
 
 VI. IIYMNUS IN DIE PENTECOSTE. 
 
 Veni, creator Spiritns, 
 Mentes tuornm visita, 
 Imple superna gratia 
 Quae tu creasti pectora. 
 
 Qui Paraclitus diceris, 5 
 
 Donum Dei altissimi, 
 Fons vivus, ignis, caritas, 
 Et spiritalis unctio. 
 
 Tu septif oralis nmnere, 
 
 Dextrae Dei tu digitus, 10 
 
 Tu rite promissura Patris 
 
 Sermone ditans guttura. 
 
<$ GREGORirS MAGNUS. 
 
 Accende lumen sensibus, 
 Infunde amorem cordibns, 
 15 Infirma nostri corporis 
 
 Virtute firmans perpetim. 
 
 Hostem repel las longins, 
 Pacemqne dones protinus 9 
 Ductore sic te praevio 
 20 Vitemns omne noxium. 
 
 Da gaudiorum praemia, 
 Da gratiarum rrmnera, 
 Dissolve litis vincula, 
 Adstringe pacis foedera. 
 
 25 Per te sciamus, da, Pat rem, 
 
 Nbscamus atque Filium, 
 Te utriusque Spiritum 
 Credamus omni tempore. 
 
 Sit iaus Patri cum Filio, 
 30 Sancto simul Paraclito, 
 
 Nobisqne mittat Filius 
 Charisma saneti Spiritus. 
 
XII. 
 BEDA VENERABILIS 
 
 I. DE NATALI INNOCENTIUM. 
 
 Hymnum canentes martyrum 
 
 Dicamus irmocentium, 
 
 Quos terra flentes perdidit, 
 
 Gaudens sed aethra suscipit. 
 
 Vultuni patris per saecula 5 
 
 Quorum tuentur angeli, 
 
 Eiusque laudant gratiam, 
 
 Hymnum canentes martyrum. 
 
 Quos rex peremit impius, 
 
 Pius sed auctor colligit, 10 
 
 Secum beatos collocans ; 
 
 In luce regni perpetis. 
 
 Qui mansiones singulis 
 
 Largitus in domo patris, 
 
 Donat supernis sedibus 15 
 
 Quos rex peremit impius. 
 
 Vox in Rama percrebuit, 
 
 Lamenta luctus maximi, 
 
 Rachel suos cum lacrimis 
 
 Perfusa flevit filios. 20 
 
SO BEDA VENEBABILIS. 
 
 Gaudent triumpho perpeti 
 
 Tormenta quique vicerant, 
 Quorum gemens ob verbera 
 Vox in Rama percrebuit. 
 
 25 K*e, grex pusille, formides 
 
 Dentes leonis perfidos, 
 Pastor bonus nam pascua 
 Vobis dabit coelestia. 
 Agnum Dei qui candidum 
 
 30 Mundo sequeris tramite, 
 
 Manns latronis impias 
 Xe ; grex pusille, formides. 
 
 Absterget omnem lacrymam 
 Vestris pater de vultibus, 
 
 35 Mors vobis ultra non noeet 9 
 
 Vitae receptis moenibus. 
 Qui seminent in lacrymis 
 Longo metent in gaudio, 
 Genis lugentum conditor 
 
 40 Absterget omnem lacrymam. 
 
 O ! quam beata civitas 
 In qua redemptor venitur, 
 Natoque primae martyrum 
 In qua dicantur liostiac. 
 45 Tsunquam vocaris parvula 
 
 In civitatum millibus, 
 Ex qua novus dux ortus est, 
 O ! quam beata civitas ! 
 
BEDA VENERABILIS. 81 
 
 Adstant nitentes fulgidis 
 
 Eius throno nunc vestibus, 50 
 
 Stolas suas qui laverant 
 
 Agni rubentes sanguine. 
 
 Qui perpetis pro patriae 
 
 Regno gementcs fleveraut, 
 
 Laeti Deo cum laudibus 55 
 
 Adstant nitentes fulgidis. 
 
 II. DE ASCENSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Hymnum canamus gloriae, 
 Hymni novi nunc personent, 
 Christus novo cum tramite 
 Ad Patris ascendit thronnm. 
 
 Transit triumpho gloriae 5 
 
 Poli potenter culmina, 
 Qui morte mortem absumserat. 
 Derisus a mortalibus. 
 
 Erant in admirabili 
 Regis triumpho alti throni 10 
 
 Coetus simul coelestium 
 Polum petentes agminum. 
 
 Apostoli turn, mystico 
 In monte stantes chrismatis, 
 Cum matre claram virgine 15 
 
 Iesu videbant gloriam. 
 D 2 
 
S2 BKDA VENERABILIS. 
 
 Ac ipse cuncta transiens 
 Coeli micantis culraina 
 Ad dexteram patris sedit 
 fc 20 Consempiternus filius: 
 
 Venturas inde in gloria 
 Vivos simul cum mortuis 
 Diiudicare pro actibus, 
 Iusto potens examine. 
 
 25 Quo nos precamur tempore, 
 
 Iesu redemptor unice, 
 Inter* tuos in ae there 
 Servos benign us ad^refira. 
 
 Nostris ibi turn cordibus, 
 30 Tuo repleto Spiritu, 
 
 Ostende Patrem, et sufficit 
 Haec nobis una visio. 
 
 III. AD CRUCEM. 
 
 Salve, tropaeum gloriae, 
 Salve, sacrum vietoriae 
 Signum, Dens quo perditum 
 Mundum redemit mortuus. 
 
 O gloriosa fulgidis 
 Crux eraicas virtutibus, 
 Quam Christus ipse proprii 
 Membris dicavit corporis. 
 
BED A VENERABILIS. 83 
 
 Quondam genus mortalium 
 
 Me tu premebas pallido, 10 
 
 At nunc reples lideliura 
 
 Amore laeto pectora. 
 
 En! ludus est credentium 
 
 Tuis fnii eomplexibns, 
 
 Quae tanta gignis gaudia, 15 
 
 Pandis polique januas; 
 
 Quae coi id i tons suavia 
 
 Post membra, nobis snavior 
 
 Es melle facta, et omnibus 
 
 Praelata mundi honoribns. 20 
 
 Te nunc adire gratulor, 
 Te caritatis brachiis 
 Complector, ad coelestia 
 Conscendo per te gaudia. 
 
 Sic tu libens me suscipe, 25 
 
 Illius, alma, servulum, 
 Qui me redemit per tuam 
 Magister altus gloriam. 
 
 Sic fatur Andreas, crucis 
 
 Erecta cernens cornua, 30 
 
 Tradensque vestem militi, 
 
 Levator in vitae arborem. 
 
XIII. 
 
 PAULUS DiACONUS 
 
 Ut queant laxis 
 Resonare fibris 
 Mira gestorum 
 Famuli tuornra, 
 5 Solve polluti 
 
 Labii reatum, 
 Sancte Iohannes! 
 
 Xmitius celso 
 Veniens Olyrapo, 
 10 Te patri magnum 
 
 Fore nascituram, 
 Komen et vitae 
 Seriem gerendae 
 Ordine promit. 
 
 15 Tile promissi 
 
 Dubins superni, 
 Perdidit prointae 
 Modulos loquelae, 
 Sed reformasti 
 
 20 Geuitus peremtae 
 
 Onrana vocis. 
 
PAULUS DIACONUS. 85 
 
 Ventris obtruso 
 Recubans cubili, 
 Senseras Herein 
 
 Thalamo nianeutein, 25 
 
 Hi nc parens nati 
 Mentis uterque 
 Abdita pandit. 
 
 Sit decus Patri, 
 Genitaeque Proli, 30 
 
 Et tibi, coinpar 
 
 Utri usque virtus, 
 
 Spiritus semper, 
 
 Deus unus, ornni 
 
 Temporis aevo! 35 
 
XIV. 
 
 ALCUIN. 
 
 Te homo laudet, alme creator, 
 
 Peetore, mente, pacis amore, 
 
 Kon modo parva pars quia niinidi est, 
 
 Sed tibi, Sancte, solus imago 
 5 Magna, creator, mentis in arce 
 
 Pectore puro, dum pie vivit. 
 
 O Deus et lux, laus tua semper 
 Pectora et ora compleat, ut te 
 Semper amemus, sanctus ubique. 
 
 10 Ilaec pia verba, virgo fidelis, 
 
 Ore caveto, ut tua mitis 
 Tempora Christus tota gubernet 
 
 Te cui castum corpore, mente 
 Dirige tempi um, dulcis arnica, 
 15 Et sine semper fine valeto. 
 
 Qui tibi solus sit, rogo, semper 
 Lux, amor atque forma salutis, 
 Vita perennis, gloria perpes! 
 
XV. 
 THEODULPHUS 
 
 IN RAMIS PALMARCM. 
 
 Gloria, laus et honor tibi sit, rex Christe re- 
 demptor, 
 Cai puerile decus promsit Hosanna pium. 
 Israel tu rex, Davidis et inclyta proles, 
 Nomine qui in Domini, rex benedicte, venis. 
 Coetus in excelsis te laudat coelicus omnis 5 
 
 Et mortalis homo, cuncta creata simul. 
 Plebs Hebraea tibi cum palmis obvia venit: 
 Cum prece, voto, hymnis adsumus ecce tibi. 
 Hi tibi passuro solvebant munia laudis, 
 Xos tibi regnanti pangimus ecce melos. 10 
 
 Hi placuere tibi ; placeat devotio nostra, 
 Rex pie, rex clemens, cui bona cuncta placent. 
 Gloria, laus et honor tibi sit, rex Christe redemptor, 
 Cui puerile decus promsit Hosanna pium. 
 
XVI. 
 
 NOTKERUS VETUSTIOR 
 
 i. ANTIPHONA IN MORTE. 
 
 Media vita 
 In morte sumns; 
 Quern querimus adjutorem, 
 Nisi te, Domine, 
 5 Qui pro peecatis nostris 
 
 Iuste irasceris ! 
 Sancte Dens, sancte fortis, 
 Sancte et misericors Salvator 
 Amarae morti 
 10 Ke tradas nos! 
 
 II. ANTIPHONA. GLORIA IN EXCELSIS. 
 
 Grates nunc, omnes reddamus Domino Deo, 
 
 Qui sua nativitate nos liberavit 
 
 I )c diabolica potestate. 
 
 Huic oportet, ut canainus cum angel is semper 
 
 Gloria in excelsis. 
 
N0TKERUS VETUSTIOR. 89 
 
 III. DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 Eia recolamus laudibus piis digna huius diei car- 
 
 mina, 
 In qua lux nobis oritur gratissima. 
 Xoctis interit nebula, pereunt nostri criminis urn- 
 
 bracula : 
 Hodie seculo maris stella est enixa novae salutis 
 
 gaudia, 
 5 Quern tremunt barathra, mors cruenta pa vet (ipsa 
 
 a quo peribit mortua). 
 Gemit eapta pestis antiqua, coluber lividus perdit 
 
 spolia. 
 Homo lapsus, ovis abducta, revocatur ad aeterna 
 
 gaudia. 
 Gaudent in. hac die a^mina anorelorum coelestia, 
 Quia erat drachma decima perdita et est inventa. 
 10 O culpa nimium beata, qua redempta est natura. 
 Deus, qui creavit omnia, nascitur ex foemina. 
 Mirabilis natura, mirifice induta, 
 Assumens quod non erat, manens quod erat. 
 Induitur natura divinitas humana : quis audivit 
 
 talia, die, rogo, facta? 
 15 Quaerere venerat pastor pius, quod perderat ; 
 Induit galeam, certat ut miles armatura: 
 Prostratus in sua propria ruit hostis spicula; 
 Auferuntur tela, in quibus fidebat ; divisa sunt eius 
 
 spolia ; 
 Capta praeda sua. Christi pugna fortissima salus 
 
 nostra est vera, 
 20 Qui nos suam ad patriam duxit post victoriam, 
 In qua sibi laus est aeterna. 
 
XVII. 
 AUCTOR INCERTUS 
 
 DE ANNUNCIATIONE B. MARIAE. 
 
 Ave maris stella, 
 Dei mater alma 
 Atque semper virgo, 
 Felix coeli porta. 
 
 5 Sumens illud Ave 
 
 Gabrielis ore 
 Funda nos in pace, 
 Mutans nomen Evae. 
 
 Solve vincla reis, 
 10 Profer lumen caecis, 
 
 Mala nostra pelle, 
 Bona cimcta posce. 
 
 Monstra te esse matrem, 
 Suraat per te preces, 
 15 Qui pro nobis natus 
 
 Tulit esse tuns. 
 
AUCTOR INCERTUS. 91 
 
 Virgo singularis, 
 Inter omnes mitis, 
 Nos culpis solutos 
 Mites fae et castos. 20 
 
 Vitam praesta puram, 
 Iter para tutum, 
 Ut videntes Iesum 
 Semper collaetemur ! 
 
 Sit laus Deo Patri, 25 
 
 Surarao Christo decus, 
 Spiritui Sancto : 
 Tribus honor unus! 
 
XVIII. 
 ROBERTUS, GALLIAE REX 
 
 AD SANCTUM SPIRITUS. 
 
 Veni, Sancte Spiritus, 
 Et emitte coelitus 
 Lucis tuae radium. 
 Veni, pater pauperum, 
 5 Veni, dator munerum, 
 
 Veni, lumen cordium; 
 
 Consolator optime, 
 Dalcis hospes animae, 
 Dulce refrigerium : 
 10 In labore requies, 
 
 In aestu temperies, 
 In fletu solatium. 
 
 () lux beatissima, 
 
 Reple cordis intima 
 L5 Tuorum fidelinm! 
 
 Sine tuo nn mine 
 Nihil est in liomine, 
 
 Nihil est innoxium. 
 
R0BERTUS, GALLIAE REX. 93 
 
 Lava quod est sordidum, 
 Riga quod est aridum, 20 
 
 Sana quod est saucium ; 
 Flecte quod est rigid um, 
 Fove quod est frigid urn, 
 Eege quod est devium ! 
 
 Da tuis fidelibus 25 
 
 In te confitentibus 
 Sacrum septenarium ; 
 Da virtutis meritum, 
 Da salutis exitum, 
 Da perenne gaudium! 30 
 
XIX. 
 PETRUS DAMIANI 
 
 I. DE DIE MOETIS. 
 
 Gravi me terrore pulsas, vitae dies ultima; 
 Moeret cor, solvuntur renes, laesa tremunt viscera, 
 Tuam speeiem dum sibi mens depingit anxia. 
 
 Quis enim pavendum illud explicet spectaculum 
 5 Cum, dimenso vitae eursu, carnis aegra nexibus 
 Anima luetatur solvi, propinquans ad exitum ? 
 
 Perit sensus, lingua riget, resolvuntur oculi, 
 Pectus palpitat, anhelat raucum guttur hominis, 
 Stupent membra, pallent ora, decor abit corporis : 
 
 10 Ecce! diversorum partes confluunt spirituum : 
 Ilinc angelicae virtutes, illic turba daemonum. 
 Illi propius accedunt, quos invitat meritum. 
 
 Praesto sunt et cogitatus, verba, cursus, opera ; 
 Et prae oculis nolentis glomerantur omnia: 
 15 Illuc tendat, hue se vertat, coram videt posita. 
 
PETEUS DAMIANI. 95 
 
 Torquet ipsa re um sinum mordax conseientia : 
 Plorat apta corrigendi deflnxisse tempora ! 
 Plena luctu caret fructu sera poenitehtia. 
 
 Falsa tunc dulcedo carnis in amarum vertitur, 
 Quando brevem volnptatera perpes poena sequitur; 20 
 lam quod magnum credebatur nil fuisse cernitur. 
 
 Atque mens in smnmae lucis gloriam sustollitur, 
 Aspernatur lutuin carnis quo mersa pervolvitur, 
 Et ut carcerati nexu laetabunda solvitnr. 
 
 Sed egressa durum iter experitur anima, 25 
 
 Qua incursant f uriosa dirae pestis agmina, 
 Et diversa suis locis instrnunt certamina. 
 
 Xam hie incentores gulae, illic avaritiae ; 
 Alibi fautores irae, alibi superbiae : 
 Vitii cuiusque globus suas parat acies. 30 
 
 lam si cedat una turma mox insurgit altera ; 
 Omnis ars tentatur belli, omnis pugnae maclrina, 
 Xe ab hostium pudore sic evadat anima. 
 
 O quam torva bellatorum monstra sunt feralium ! 
 Tetri, truces, truculenti, flammas efflant naribus ; 35 
 Dracontea tument colla ; virus stillant faucibus. 
 
 Serpentinis armant spiris manus doctas proeliis ; 
 His oppugnant adventantes telis velut ferreis; 
 His quos attrahunt, aeternis mancipant incendiis. 
 
96 PETRUS DAMIANI. 
 
 40 Quaeso, Christe, Rex invicte, tu succurre misero ! 
 
 Sub extrema mortis hora cum iussus abiero, 
 Nullum in me ius tyranno praebeatur impio! 
 
 Cadat princeps tenebrarum, cadat pars tartarea! 
 
 Pastor, oveni iam reclemptam tunc reduc ad patriaim 
 45 Ubi te vivendi causa perfrnar in saecula ! 
 
 II. KIIYTIIMUS PASCIIALIS. 
 
 Paschalis festi gaudium 
 Mundi replet ambitum ; 
 Coelum, tellus et maria 
 Laeta promant carmina 
 Et Alleluia consonis 
 Modulentur organis. 
 
 Solus ultilet Tartarus 
 Rapta praeda vacuus, 
 Fractos vectes et ferrea 
 10 Strata ploret moenia, 
 
 Quae submit rex gloriae 
 Cum laude victoriae. 
 
 Stupenda lex mysterii, 
 Novum genus proelii: 
 15 Ligatufi nexos liberat, 
 
 Mortuus vivificat, 
 Dumcpic vita perimitur 
 Mortis mors efficitur. 
 
PETRUS DAMIANI. 97 
 
 Cum auctor vitae moritur 
 
 Orbis et commoritur, 20 
 
 Sol radios operuit, 
 
 Lugens terra tremuit, 
 
 Templi velum dividitur, 
 
 Vis saxorum scinditur. 
 
 Brevi sepulcro clauditur, 25 
 
 Qui coelo non capitur, 
 
 Praeda vallatus divite, 
 
 Victo mortis prineipe, 
 
 Triumphali potentia 
 
 Surgit die tertia. 30 
 
 Mox intonat augelicus 
 
 Sermo mulieribus, 
 
 Apostolis ut dulcia 
 
 Haec deferrent nuntia : 
 
 "In Galilaeam pergite 35 
 
 Ibi Christum eernite." 
 
 lam regis Aegyptiaci 
 
 Servitute liberi, 
 
 Post maris Eubri transitum 
 
 Novum demus canticum : 40 
 
 Mortis soluti legibus 
 
 Christo consurreximus. 
 
 Totis, Christe, visceribus 
 Tibi laudcs reddimus, 
 E 
 
98 PETRUS DAMIAXI. 
 
 45 Qui resurgens a mortuis 
 
 Ultra iam non moreris; 
 Sit Patri laus ct parili 
 Decus onme Flamini. 
 
 III. TAULUS. 
 
 Paule, doctor egregie, 
 Tuba clangens ecclesiae, 
 Nubes volans ac tonitrum 
 Per amplum mundi circulum. 
 
 5 Nobis potenter intona, 
 
 Ruraque cordis irriga, 
 Coelestis imbre gratiac 
 Mentes virescant aridae. 
 
 O magnum Pauli meritum, 
 10 Coelum conscendit tertium, 
 
 Audit verba mysterii, 
 Quae nullis audet eloqui. 
 
 Dum verbi spargit semina, 
 Seges surgit uberrima, 
 15 Sic coeli replent horreum 
 
 Bonorum fruges operum. 
 
XX. 
 
 MARBOD 
 
 I. DE RESURRECTIOXE MORTDORUM. 
 
 Credere quid dubitem fieri quod posse probating 
 
 Cuius et ipse typuiri naturae munere gesto? 
 
 Quaque die somno, ceu mortis imagine pressus, 
 
 Rursus et evigilans veluti de morte resurgo; 
 
 Ipsa mini sine voce loquens natura susurrat : 5 
 
 Post somnum vigilas, post mortis tempora vives. 
 
 Clamat idem mundus, naturaque provida rerum, 
 
 Quas Deus humanis sic condidit usibus aptas, 
 
 Ut possint homini quaedam signare futura. 
 
 Mntat lima vices 5 defunctaque lumine rursum 10 
 
 Xascitur, augmentum per menstrua tempora sumens; 
 
 Sol quoque, per noctem quasi sub tellure sepultus, 
 
 Surgens mane novus reditum de morte figurat : 
 
 Signat idem gyros agitando volubile coelum, 
 
 Aera distinguens tenebris et luce sequente. 15 
 
 Ipsa parens tellus quae corpora nostra receptat, 
 
 Servat in arboribus vitae mortisque figuram, 
 
 Et similem formam redivivis servat in herbis. 
 
 Nudatos foliis brumali tempore ramos 5 
 
100 MARBOD. 
 
 20 Et velut arentes mortis sub imagine tnmcos 
 In propriara speeiem frondosa resuscitat aestas; 
 Quaeque peremit liyems nova gramina vere re- 
 
 surgunt, 
 Ut suns incipiat labor arridere colonis. 
 Nos quoque spes eadem manet et reparatio vitae, 
 
 25 Qua revirescat idem, sed non resolubile corpus. 
 An milii subiectis data sit renovatio rebus, 
 Totus et banc speeiem referens mibi serviat orbis, 
 Me solum interea premat irreparabile damnum? 
 Et quid erit causae modico cur tempore vivens, 
 
 30 Optima pars mundi, vitaeque Datoris imago, 
 Post modicum peream, sublata spe redeundi, 
 At pro me factus duret per saecula mundus ? 
 Nonne putas dignum magis inferiora perire 
 Irreparabiliter, quain quae potiora probantur? 
 
 35 Sed tamen ilia manent, ergo magis ista manebunt. 
 
 n. OKATIO AD DOMINUM. 
 
 Deus-liomo, Rex coelorum, 
 
 Miserere miserorum ; 
 
 Ad peccandum proni sumus, 
 
 Et ad humuin redit humus; 
 5 Tu ruinam nostram fulci 
 
 Pietate tua dulci. 
 
 Quid est homo, proles Adae? 
 
 Gepmen necis dignum clade. 
 
 Quid est homo nisi vermis, 
 10 Res infirma, res inermis ? 
 
MARBOD. 101 
 
 Ne digneris liuic irasci, 
 
 Qui non potest miuidus nasci : 
 
 Noli, Deus, hunc damnare, 
 
 Qui non potest non peccare; 
 
 Iudicare non est aequum 15 
 
 Creaturam, non est tecum : 
 
 Xon est miser homo tanti, 
 
 Ut respondeat Tonanti. 
 
 Sicut umbra, sieut f umus. 
 
 Sicut foenum facti sumus: 20 
 
 Miserere, Rex coelorum,, 
 
 Miserere miserorura. 
 
XXL 
 
 HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS 
 
 I. CIIRISTUS MARITUS. 
 
 Turtur inane nescit amare, 
 Nam, semel uni nupta marito 
 Nocte dieque juncta manebit. 
 Absque marito nemo videbit. 
 
 5 Sed viduata si caret ipso, 
 
 Xon tamen ultra nubet amico, 
 
 Sola volabit, sola sedebit, 
 
 Et quasi vivum semper tenebit. 
 
 Sic est anima quaeque fidelis 
 10 Facta virili foedere felix: 
 
 Xamque est Christus sibi maritus, 
 Quum sua de se pectora replet: 
 Et, bene vivens, semper adhaeret, 
 Nbn alienum quaerit amicum. 
 15 Quamlibet Orcus sumpserit ilium. 
 
 Quern snperesse credit in aetlire, 
 Indc fiiturnm spectat eundem, 
 CJt microcosmum judicet omnem. 
 
HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 103 
 
 n. AD TRES PERSONAS ST. TRINITATIS. 
 
 AD PATREM. 
 
 Alpha et 12, magiie Deus, 
 
 Heli, Heli, Deus mens ; 
 
 Cuius virtus totum posse, 
 
 Cuius sensus totum nosse, 
 
 Cuius esse sumraum bonum, 5 
 
 Cuius opus quidquid bonum ; 
 
 Super cuncta, subter cuncta, 
 
 Extra cuncta, intra cuncta, 
 
 Intra cuncta, nee inclusus, 
 
 Extra cuncta, nee exclusus ; 10 
 
 Super cuncta, nee el at us, 
 
 Subter cuncta, nee substrains ; 
 
 Super lotus, praesidendo, 
 
 Subter totus, sustinendo ; 
 
 Extra totus, complectendo, 15 
 
 Intra totus es, implendo ; 
 
 Intra nunquani coarctaris, 
 
 Extra nunquani dilataris, 
 
 Super nullo sustentaris, 
 
 Subter nullo fatigaris: 20 
 
 Mundum raovens non moveris, 
 
 Locum tenens non teneris ; 
 
 Tempus mutans non mutaris, 
 
 Vao;a firmans non vagaris; 
 
 Vis externa vel necesse 25 
 
 Xon alternat tuum esse. 
 
 Heri nostrum, eras et pridem 
 
 Semper tibi nunc et idem. 
 
 Tuum, Deus, hodiernum 
 
 Indivisum sempiternum; 30 
 
104 HILDEBEETUS TUBQNENSIS. 
 
 In hoc totum praevidisti, 
 Totum simul perfecisti. 
 Ad exemplar snmmae mentis 
 Formam praestans elementis. 
 
 AD FILIDM. 
 
 35 Nate, Patri coaequalis, 
 
 Patri consubstantialis, 
 
 Patris splendor et figura, 
 Factor factus creatura, 
 Carnem nostram induisti, 
 
 40 Causam nostram suscepisti : 
 
 Sempiterims, temporalis ; 
 Moriturus, immortalis ; 
 Verns homo, verus Deus ; 
 Impermixtus IIomo-Deus. 
 
 45 Kon conversus hie in carnem ; 
 
 Kec minutus propter carnem : 
 Hie assumptus est in Deum, 
 Ron consumptus propter Deum; 
 Patri compar Deitate, 
 
 50 Minor carnis veritate : 
 
 Deus pater tantum Dei, 
 Virgo mater, sed est Dei : 
 In tarn nova ligatura 
 Sic utraque stat natura, 
 
 55 Ut conservet quicquid erat, 
 
 Facta quiddam quod non erat 
 Noster iste mediator, 
 Iste noster legislator, 
 Circumcisus, baptizatus, 
 
 60 CrncifixiiSj tmnulatus, 
 
HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 105 
 
 Obdormivit et descendit, 
 Kesurrexit et ascendit : 
 Sic ad coelos elevatus 
 Iudicabit iudicatus. 
 
 AD SPIRITUM SANCTUM. 
 
 Paraclitus increatus, 65 
 
 Neque factus, neque natus, 
 Patri eonsors, Genitoque, 
 Sic procedit ab utroque 
 Ne sit minor potestate, 
 Vel discretus qualitate. 70 
 
 Quanti illi, tantus iste; 
 Quales illi, talis iste; 
 Ex quo illi, ex tunc iste ; 
 Quantum illi, tantum iste. 
 Pater alter, sed gignendo ; 75 
 
 Natus alter, sed nascendo ; 
 Flamen ab his procedendo; 
 Tres sunt unum subsistendo. 
 Quisque trium plenus Deus, 
 Non tres tamen Di, sed Deus, 80 
 
 In hoc Deo, Deo vero, 
 Tres et unum assevero, 
 Dans usiae unitatem, 
 Et personis trinitatem. 
 In personis nulla prior, 85 
 
 Nulla minor, nulla maior ; 
 Unaquaeque semper ipsa, 
 Sic est constans atque fixa, 
 Ut nee in se varietur, 
 
 Nee in ulla transmutetnr. 90 
 
 E2 
 
10G HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 
 
 Haec est fides ortliodoxa 
 
 Xon hie error sine noxa ; 
 Sicut dico 3 sic et credo, 
 Nee in pravam partem ceda 
 95 Inde venit, bone Dens, 
 
 Ne desperem qnamvis reus: 
 Reus mortis 11011 despero, 
 Sed in morte vitam qnaero. 
 Quo te placem nil praetendq 
 
 100 Xisi fidem quam defendo : 
 
 Fidem vides, banc iraploro; 
 Leva fascem quo laboro ; 
 Per hoc sacrum cataplasma 
 Convalescat aegrum plasma. 
 
 105 Extra portara iam delatum, 
 
 lam foetentem, tumuiatum, 
 Yitta ligat, lapis urget; 
 Sed si iubes, hie resnrget . ; 
 lube, lapis revolvetur, 
 
 110 lube, vitta dirnmpetnr: 
 
 Exitnrns nescit moras, 
 Postqnam clamas : Exi foras. 
 In hoc salo mea ratis 
 Infestatnr a piratis; 
 
 115 Ilinc assnltns, inde flnctns, 
 
 J I i i ic* et inde mors et luctus; 
 Sed tu, bone Nauta, veni, 
 Preme ventos, mare leni; 
 Fae abseedant hi piratae, 
 Due ad portuni salva rate. 
 Ini'ecunda mea fiens. 
 Cuius ramus ramus siccus, 
 
HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 107 
 
 Incidetur, incendetur, 
 
 Si promulgas quod meretur; 
 
 Sed hoc anno dimittatur, 125 
 
 Stereoretur, fodiatur ; 
 
 Quod si necdum respondebit, 
 
 Flens hoc loquor, tunc ardebit 
 
 Vetus host is in me fnrit, 
 
 Aquis mersat, flam mis urit : 130 
 
 Indo lan^uens et afflictus 
 
 Tibi soli sum relictus. 
 
 Ut infirmus convalescat, 
 
 Ut hie hostis evanescat, 
 
 Tu virtutem ieiunandi 135 
 
 Des infirmo, des orandi : 
 
 Per haec duo, Christo teste, 
 
 Liberabor ab liac peste ; 
 
 Ab liac peste solve mentem, 
 
 Fac devotum, poenitentem ; 140 
 
 Da timorem, quo proiecto, 
 
 De salute nil coniecto; 
 
 Da fidem, spein, caritatem ; 
 
 Da discretam pietatem ; 
 
 Da contemptum terrenorum, 145 
 
 Appetitum supernorum. 
 
 Totum, Deus, in te spero ; 
 
 Deus, ex te totum quaero. 
 
 Tu laus mea, raeum bonum, 
 
 Mea cuncta timm donum; 150 
 
 Tu solamen in labore, 
 
 Medicamen in languore ; 
 
 Tu in luctu mea lyra, 
 
 Tu lenimen es in ira : 
 
108 IIILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 
 
 155 Tu in arcto liberator, 
 
 Tu in lapsu relevator; 
 Motum praestas in provectu, 
 Spem conservas in defectu ; 
 Si quis laedit, tu rependis; 
 
 100 Si minatur, tn defendis : 
 
 Quod est anceps tu dissolvis 3 
 Quod tegendum tu involvis. 
 Tu intrare nie non sinas 
 Infernales officinas ; 
 
 165 Ubi moeror, ubi metus, 
 
 XJbi foetor, ubi fletus, 
 Ubi probra deteguntur, 
 Ubi rei confunduntur, 
 Ubi tortor semper caedens, 
 
 170 Ubi vermis semper edens; 
 
 Ubi totum hoc perenne, 
 Quia perpes mors gehennae. 
 
 Me receptet Syon ilia, 
 Syon, David urbs tranquilla, 
 
 175 Cuius faber auctor lucis, 
 
 Cuius portae lignum crucis, 
 Cuius muri lapis vivns, 
 Cuius custos rex festivus. 
 In hac urbe lux solennis, 
 
 180 Ver aeternum, pax perennis : 
 
 In hac odor implens coelos, 
 In hac semper festum melos; 
 Non est ibi corruptela, 
 Non defectus, non querela ; 
 
 185 Non minuti, non deformes, 
 
 Onincs Christo sunt conformes. 
 
HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 109 
 
 TJrbs coelestis, urbs beata, 
 
 Super petram colloeata, 
 
 Urbs in porta satis tuto, 
 
 De longinquo te saluto, 190 
 
 Te saluto, te suspiro, 
 
 Te affeeto, te require. 
 
 Quantum tui gratulantur, 
 
 Quam festive convivantur, 
 
 Quis affectus eos stringat, 195 
 
 Aut quae gemma muros pingat, 
 
 Quis chalcedon, quis iacinthus 5 
 
 Norunt illi qui sunt intus. 
 
 In plateis huius urbis, 
 
 Soeiatus piis turbis, 200 
 
 Cum Moyse et Elia, 
 
 Pium cantem Allelirya. Ameiio 
 
XXII. 
 
 ABAELARDUS 
 
 I. DIXIT AUTEM DECS : FIANT LUMINARIA IN 
 FIRMAMENTO COELI. 
 
 Gen. i. 14. 
 
 Grnarunt terrain germina, 
 Nunc coelum luminaria: 
 Sole, luna, stellis depingitur, 
 Quorum multus usus cogiioscitur. 
 
 5 Ilaec quaque parte condita 
 
 Sursmn, homo, considera : 
 Esse tuam et coeli regio 
 Se fatetur liorum servitio. 
 
 Sole calet in liieme, 
 10 Qui caret ignis munere ; 
 
 Pro nocturnae lucernae gratia 
 Pauper habet lunam et sidera, 
 
 Stratis dives eburneis, 
 Pauper jacet gramineis; 
 15 I line avium oblectant cantiea, 
 
 Inde florum spiral fragrantia. 
 
ABAELARDUS. Ill 
 
 Impensis, dives, nimiis 
 
 Domum casuram constrms ; 
 
 Falso sole pingis testudinem, 
 
 Falsis stellis in coeli speciem. 20 
 
 In vera coeli camera 
 Pauper jacet pulcherrima ; 
 Vero sole, veris sideribus 
 Istam illi depinxit Domimis. 
 
 Opus magis eximium 25 
 
 Est naturae quam hominum ; 
 Quod nee labor nee sumptus praeparat, 
 Nee vetustas solvendo dissipat. 
 
 Ministrat homo diviti, 
 
 Angelas antera pauperi, 30 
 
 Ut bine quoque constet coelestia 
 Quam sint nobis a Deo subclita. 
 
 II. IN ANNUNTIATIONE B. V. MARIAE. 
 
 Mittit ad virginem 
 
 ISTon quern vis angel um, 
 
 Sed Fortitudinem, 
 
 Sun m arcliangelum, 
 
 Amator hominis. 5 
 
 Fortem expediat 
 
 Pro nobis nuntium, 
 
 Naturae faciat 
 
 Ut praeiudicium 
 
 In partu virginis. 10 
 
112 ABAELARDUS. 
 
 Naturara superat 
 Natus rex gloriae, 
 Pegu at et imperat 
 Et zyma scoriae 
 15 Tollit de medio. 
 
 Superbientium 
 
 Terat fastigia, 
 Colla sublimium 
 Calcet vi propria, 
 20 Potens in proelio. 
 
 Foras ejiciat 
 Mundanum principem ; 
 Matremque faciat 
 Secum participem 
 25 Patris imperii. 
 
 Exi, qui mitteris, 
 Haec dona dicere, 
 Revela veteris 
 Velamen literae 
 30 Virtute nuntii. 
 
 Accede, nuntia, 
 Die "Ave" com in us, 
 Die "plena gratia," 
 Die " tecum Dominus," 
 35 Et die "ne timeas!" 
 
 Virgo suscipias 
 Dei depositum, 
 In quo perficias 
 Casta propositum 
 40 Et votnm teneas. 
 
ABAELARDUS. 113 
 
 Audit et suscipit 
 
 Puella nimtium, 
 
 Credit et concipit 
 
 Et parit filium, 
 
 Sed admirabilem ; 45 
 
 Consiliarium 
 
 Humani generis, 
 
 Deum et hominem 
 
 Et patrem posteris, 
 
 In pace stabilem; 50 
 
 Qui nobis tribnat 
 
 Peccati veniam, 
 
 Eeatus diluat, 
 
 Et donet patriam 
 
 In arce sidenun. 55 
 
XXIII. 
 
 BEMARDUS CLARAYALLENSIS. 
 
 I. DE PASSIOXE DOMINI. 
 
 Salve, mundi salutare, 
 Salve salve, Iesu care, 
 Cruci tuae me aptare 
 Vellem vere, tu seis quare, 
 5 Da milii tui copiam. 
 
 Ac si praesens sis, accedo, 
 Immo to praesentera credo ; 
 O quam mnridum hie te cerno! 
 Ecce ! tibi me prosterno, 
 10 Sis facilis ad veniam. 
 
 Clavos pedum, plagas dnras, 
 Et tarn graves impressuras 
 Oircumplector cum affectu, 
 Tuo pavens in aspectn, 
 
 15 Meorum raemor vulnemm. 
 
 Grates tantae caritati 
 Nos agamus vulnerati ; 
 () amator peccatoram, 
 Keparator constratorum 
 
 20 <) dulcis pater pauperum I 
 
BERNARDUS CLARAVALLEXSIS. 115 
 
 Quidquid est in me confractum, 
 Dissipatum ant distractum, 
 Dulcis Iesu, totum sana, 
 Tu restaura, tu eomplana 
 
 Tarn pio medicamine. 25 
 
 Te in ttia cruce quaero, 
 Prout queo, corde mero, 
 Me sanabis hie, ut spero, 
 Sana me et sanus ero 
 
 In tuo lavans sanguine. 30 
 
 Plagas tuas rubicundas 
 Et fixuras tain profundas 
 Cordi meo fac inscribi, 
 Ut configar totns tibi 
 
 Te modis amans omnibus. 35 
 
 Quisquis hue ad te accessit 
 Et lios pedes corde pressit 
 Aeger, sanus hinc abscessit, 
 Hie relinquens quidquid gessit, 
 
 Dans osculum vulneribus. 40 
 
 Coram eruce procumbentem, 
 Hosque pedes complectentem, 
 Iesu bone, me ne spernas, 
 Sed de cruce sancta cernas 
 
 Compassionis gratia. 45 
 
 In hac cruce stans directe 
 Vide me, O mi dileete, 
 Ad te totum me converte: 
 "Esto sanus," die aperte, 
 
 "Dimitto tibi omnia." 50 
 
110 BERNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 
 
 II. AD FACIEM. 
 
 Salve, caput cruentatum, 
 Totum spinis coronatum, 
 Conquassatum, vulneratum, 
 Arundine sic verberatnm, 
 5 Facie sputis illita. 
 
 Salve, cuius dulcis vultus, 
 Immutatus et incultus, 
 Immutavit suum florem, 
 Totus versus in pallorem, 
 10 Quern coeli tremit curia. 
 
 Omnis vigor atque viror 
 Hinc recessit, non admiror, 
 Mors apparet in aspectu, 
 Totus pendens in defectu, 
 
 15 Attritus aegra macie. 
 
 Sic affectus, sic despectus, 
 Propter me sic interfectus 5 
 Peccatori tarn indigno 
 Cum amoris intersigno 
 
 20 * Appare clara facie. 
 
 In liac tua passione 
 Me agnosee, pastor bone, 
 Cuius sumpsi mel ex ore, 
 Ilaustum lactis ex did core 
 25 Prae omnibus deliciis. 
 
 Non me renin asperneris. 
 Nee indicium dedigneris. 
 
BERNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 117 
 
 Morte tibi iam vicina 
 Tuum caput hie acclina, 
 
 In meis pausa brachiis. 30 
 
 Tuae sanctae passioni 
 Me gauderein interponi, 
 In liae cruee tecum mori 
 Praesta crucis amatori, 
 
 Sub eruce tua moriar. 35 
 
 Morti tuae tain amarae 
 Grates ago, Iesu care, 
 Qui es clemens, pie Deus, 
 Fac quod petit tuus reus, 
 
 Ut absque te non finiar. 40 
 
 Dam me mori est necesse, 
 Noli mihi tunc deesse ; 
 In tremenda mortis bora 
 Veni, Iesu, absque mora, 
 
 Tuere me et libera. 45 
 
 Quum me iubes emigrare, 
 Iesu care, tunc appare ; 
 O amator amplectende, 
 Temetipsum tunc ostende 
 
 In cruce salutifera. 50 
 
 III. AD COR. 
 
 Sum mi regis cor, a veto, 
 Te saluto corde laeto, 
 Te complecti me delectat 
 Et hoc meum cor affectat, 
 Ut ad te loquar, animes. 
 
US BERNARDUS CLARAVALLEN8IS. 
 
 Quo amore vincebaris, 
 Quo dolore torquebaris, 
 Cum te totum exhaurires, 
 Ut te nobis iinpertires 
 10 Et nos a morte tolleres? 
 
 O mors ilia, quam amara, 
 Quam immitis, quam avara, 
 
 Quae per cellam introivit, 
 In qua niuiidl vita vivit, 
 
 15 Te mordens, cor dulcissimum,, 
 
 Propter mortem, quam tulisti, 
 Quando pro me defeeisti, 
 Cordis mei cor dilectum, 
 In te meum fer affectum. 
 
 20 Hoc est quod opto plurimum.. 
 
 O cor dulce, praedilectum, 
 Munda cor meum illeetum 
 Et in vanis induratum, 
 Pium fac et timoratum, 
 
 25 Pepulso tetro frigore. 
 
 Per medullam cordis mei 
 Peccatoris atque rei 
 Tuus amor transferatur, 
 Quo cor totum rapiatur 
 
 30 Lanirucns amoris vulnere. 
 
 Dilatare, aperire, 
 
 Tamquam rosa fragrans mire, 
 ( !ordi mep te conitrage, 
 [Jnge illud et corapunge, 
 35 Qui amat te quid patitlir? 
 
BKRNARDTTS CLARAVALLENSIS. 119 
 
 Quidnam agat, nescit vere, 
 
 Kec se valet cohibere, 
 Kullum mod u in dat amori, 
 Multa morte vellet mori, 
 
 Amore quisquis vincitur. 40 
 
 Viva cordis voce clamo, 
 Dulce cor, te namque amo. 
 Ad cor meuni inclinare, 
 Ut se possit applicare 
 
 Devoto tibi pectore. 45 
 
 Tuo vivat in amore, 
 Nee dormitet in torpore, 
 Ad te oret, ad te ploret, 
 Te adoret, te honoret, 
 
 Te fruens omni tempore. 50 
 
 IV. V ANITAS MUNDI. 
 
 Quum sit omnis homo foenum, 
 Et post foenum fiat coenum, 
 
 Ut quid, homo, extolleris ? 
 Cerne quid es et quid eris : 
 Modo flos es, et verteris 5 
 
 In favillam cineris. 
 
 Per aetatum incrementa, 
 
 Immo magis detrimenta, 
 
 Ad non-esse traheris. 
 Velut umbra, quum declinat, 10 
 
 Vita surgit et festinat, 
 
 Claadit meta funeris. 
 
120 BKBNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 
 
 Homo dictus es ab hurao; 
 Cito transis, quia fumo 
 i5 Similis efficeris. 
 
 Nuiiquam in eodern statu 
 Permaues, dum sub rotatu 
 Huius vitae volveris. 
 
 O sors gravis, o sors dura, 
 20 O lex dira, quam natura 
 
 Promulgavit miseris! 
 
 Homo nascens cum mocrorc 
 Vitam ducis cum labore 
 Et cum metu moreris. 
 
 25 Ergo si scis qualitatem 
 
 Tuae sortis, voluptatem 
 
 Carnis quare sequeris? 
 Memento, te moriturum 
 Et post mortem id messurum, 
 
 30 • Quod hie seminaveris. 
 
 Terrain teris, terrain geris, 
 Et in terrain reverteris, 
 
 Qui de terra sumeris. 
 Cerne quid es et quid eriss 
 35 Modo flos es, et verteris 
 
 In favillam cineris. 
 
BERNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 121 
 
 V. CONTEMPTIO VANITATIS MUNDI. 
 
 O miranda vanitas! 
 O divitiarum 
 
 Amor lamentabilis ! 
 
 O virus amarum ! 
 
 Cur tot viros inficis 5 
 
 Faciendo carum 
 
 Quod pertransit citius 
 
 Quara flamraa stupparum. 
 
 Homo miser, cogita: 
 
 Mors omnes compescit, 10 
 
 Quis est ab initio 
 
 Qui morti non cessit ? 
 
 Quando moriturus est, 
 
 Omnis homo nescit, 
 
 Hie, qui vivit hodie, 15 
 
 Cras forte putrescit. 
 
 Dum de morte cogito, 
 Contristor et ploro, 
 Verum est, quod moriar 
 Et tempus ignoro. 20 
 
 ITltimum, quod nescio 
 Cui iungar chore ; 
 Et cum Sanctis merear 
 Iungi, Deum oro ! 
 # F 
 
122 BERNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 
 
 VI. I)E NOMINE IESL'. 
 
 Iesu dulcis memoria 
 Dans vera cordis gaudia, 
 Sed super mel et omnia 
 Eius dulcis praesentia. 
 
 5 Nil canitur suavius, 
 
 Auditur nil iucundius, 
 Nil cogitatur dulcius, 
 Quam Iesus, Dei Alius. 
 
 Iesu, spes poenitentibus, 
 10 Quam pi us es petentibus, 
 
 Quam bonus te quaerentibus, 
 Sed quid invenientibus? 
 
 Iesu, dulcedo cordium, 
 Fons virus, lumen raentium, 
 15 Excedens omne gaudium, 
 
 Et omne desiderium. 
 
 Nee lingua valet dicere. 
 Nee litera exprimere, 
 Expertus potest credere, 
 20 Quid sit Iesum diligere. 
 
 Cum Maria diluculo, 
 Iesum quaeram in tumulo, 
 Cordis clamore querulo 
 Mente quaeram, non oculo. 
 
BERNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 123 
 
 Iesu, rex admirabilis 25 
 
 Et triumphator nobilis, 
 Duleedo ineffabilis, 
 Totus desiderabilis. 
 
 Qnando cor nostrum visitas, 
 Tunc lucet ei Veritas, 30 
 
 Mundi vilescit vanitas, 
 Et intus fervet caritas. 
 
 Mane nobiscum, Domine, 
 Et nos illustra lumine, 
 Pulsa noctis caligine 3o 
 
 Mundum replens dulcedine. 
 
 Hoc probat tua passio, 
 Hoc sanguinis effusio, 
 Per quani nobis redemptio 
 Datur Deique visio. 40 
 
 Qui te gustant, esuriunt, 
 Qui bibunt, adhuc sitiunt, 
 Desiderare nesciunt 
 Nisi Iesum, quem diligunt. 
 
 Quern tuus amor ebriat, 45 
 
 Novit quid lesus sapiat; 
 Quam felix est quem satiat! 
 Non est ultra quod cupiat. 
 
 Iesu, decus angelicum, 
 In aure dulce canticum, 50 
 
 In ore mel mirificum, 
 In corde nectar coelicum. 
 
12-i BERNARDUS CLARAYALLENSIS. 
 
 Iesu quaerara in leetulo, 
 Clauso cordis cubiculo, 
 55 Privatim et in publico 
 
 Quaeram amore sedulo. 
 
 Quocunqiie loco fuero, 
 Mecum Iesum desidero ! 
 Quam laetus 3 cum invenero, 
 GO Quam felix, cum tenuero ! 
 
 Desidero te millies, 
 Mi Iesu, quando venies, 
 Me laetum quando facies 
 Ut vultu tuo saties? 
 
 65 O Iesu, mi dulcissime, 
 
 Spes suspirantis animae, 
 Te quaerunt piae lacrimae ? 
 Te clamor mentis intimae. 
 
 Veni, veni, Rex optime, 
 70 Pater immensae gloriae, 
 
 Affulge menti clarius 
 lam expectatus saepius. 
 
 Tu fons misericordiae, 
 Tu verae lumen patriae, 
 75 Pelle nubem tristitiae 
 
 Dans nobis lucem gloriae. 
 
 Dilecte mi, revertere 
 Consors paternae dextcrae, 
 Ilostcm vicisti prospere, 
 b() Jam coeli regno fruere. 
 
BERNARDUS CLARAVALLENSIS. 125 
 
 Te coeli chorus praedicat, 
 Et tuas laudes replicat, 
 Iesus orbem laetificat, 
 Et lios Deo paeificat. 
 
 Iesus ad patrem rediit, 85 
 
 Coeleste regnuni subiit, 
 Cor meum a me transiit, 
 Post Iesum simul abiit. 
 
 Iesum sequamur laudibus. 
 Votis, hymnis et precibns, 90 
 
 Ut nos donet eoelestibus 
 Secum perfrui sedibus. 
 
 Coeli cives ! occurrite, 
 Portas vestras attollite, 
 Triumphatori dicite : 95 
 
 Ave Iesu, rex inclyte! 
 
XXIV. 
 BERNARDUS CLUNIACENSIS 
 
 I. IIORA NOVISSIMA. 
 
 Ilora novissima, tempora pessima sunt, vigilemus. 
 Ecce minaciter imminet arbiter ille supremus. 
 Imminet, imminet ut mala terminet, aequa coronet, 
 Recta renmneret, anxia liberet, aethera doner, 
 5 Auferat aspera duraque pondera mentis onustae, 
 Sobria muniat, improba puniat, ntraque juste. 
 
 II. LAUS PATRIAE COELESTIS. 
 
 Ilic breve vivitur, liic breve plangitur, hie breve 
 
 fletur ; 
 Non breve vivere, non breve plangere vetribuetur; 
 () retributio ! stat brevis actio, vita perennis; 
 O retributio ! coelica mansio stat lue plenis; 
 5 Quid datur et quibus? aetlier egentibus et cruce 
 
 dignis, 
 Sidera vermibus, optima sontibus, astra malignis. 
 Sunt modo praelia, postmodo praemia; qualia? 
 
 plena; 
 Plena refectio, nullaque passio, nullaque poena. 
 
BEItNARDUS CLUNIACENSIS. 127 
 
 Spe modo vivitur, et Syon angitur a Babylone ; 
 
 Is unc tribulatio ; tunc recreatio, sceptra, coronae ; l(i 
 
 Tunc nova gloria pectora sobria clarificabit, 
 
 Solvet enigmata, veraque sabbata continuabit. 
 
 Liber et liostibus, et dominantibus ibit Hebraeus ; 
 
 Liber habebitur et celebrabitur Line iubilaeus. 
 
 Patria In minis, inscia turbinis, inscia litis, 15 
 
 Give replebitur, amplificabitur Israelitis : 
 
 Patria splendida, terraque florida, libera spinis, 
 
 Danda lidelibus est ibi civibus, hie peregrinis. 
 
 Tunc erit omnibus inspicientibus ora tonantis 
 
 Summa potentia, plena scientia, pax pia Sanctis ; 20 
 
 Pax sine crimine, pax sine turbine, pax sine rixa, 
 
 Meta laboribus, atque tumultibus anchora fixa. 
 
 Pars mea Rex mens, in proprio Deus ipse decore 
 
 Visus amabitur, atque videbitur Auctor in ore. 
 
 Tunc Iacob Israel, et Lia tunc Rachel efficietur, 25 
 
 Tunc Syon atria pulcraque patria perfieietur. 
 
 O bona patria, lumina sobria te speculantur, 
 Ad tua nomina sobria lumina collacrimantur : 
 Est tua rnentio pectoris unctio, cura doloris, 
 Concipientibus aetliera mentibiis ignis amoris. 30 
 
 Tu locus unicus, illeque coelicus es paridisus, 
 Xon ibi lacrima, sed placidissima gaudia, risus. 
 Est ibi consita laurus, et insita cedrus hysopo ; 
 Sunt radiantia iaspide moenia, clara pyropo : 
 Hinc tibi sardius, inde topazius, hinc amethystus ; 35 
 Est tua fabrica concio coelica, gemmaque Christus. 
 Tu sine littore, tu sine tempore, fons, modo rivus, 
 Dulce bonis sapis, estque tibi lapis undique vivus. 
 Est tibi laurea, dos datur aurea, Sponsa decora, 
 Primaque Principis oscula suscipis, inspicis ora: 40 
 
128 BERNARDUS CLUNIACENSIS. 
 
 Candida lilia, viva monilia sunt tibi, Sponsa, 
 Agnus adest tibi, Sponsus adest tibi, lux speciosa . 
 Tota negotia, cantica dulcia dulce tonare, 
 Tain mala debita, quam bona praebita eoniubilare. 
 
 45 Urbs Syon aurea, patria lactea, cive decora, 
 Omne cor obruis, omnibus obstruis et cor et ora. 
 Xescio, nescio, quae iubilatio, lux tibi qualis, 
 Quam socialia gaudia, gloria quam specialis : 
 Laude studens ea tollere, mens mea victa fatiscit : 
 
 50 O bona gloria, vincor ; in omnia laus tua vicit. 
 Sunt Syon atria coniubilantia, martyre plena, 
 Cive micantia, Principe stantia, luce serena: 
 Est ibi pascua mitibus afflua praestita Sanctis, 
 Regis ibi thronus, agminis et sonus est epulantis. 
 
 55 Gens duce splendida, concio Candida vestibus albis 
 Sunt sine fletibus in Syon aedibus, aedibus almis; 
 Sunt sine crimine, sunt sine turbine, sunt sine lite 
 In Syon aedibus editioribus Israelitae. 
 Urbs Syon inclyta, gloria debita glorificandis, 
 
 60 Tu bona visibus interioribus intima pandis : 
 Intima lumina, mentis acumina te speculantur, 
 Pectora flammea spe modo, postea sorte lucrantur. 
 Urbs Syon unica, inansio mystica, condita coelo, 
 Nunc tibi gaudeo, nunc milii lugeo, tristor, anhelo : 
 
 65 Te quia corpore non queo, pectore saepe penetro, 
 Sed caro terrea, terraque carnea, mox cado retro. 
 Nemo retexere, nemoque promere sustinet ore, 
 C^uo tua moenia, quo capitalia plena decore; 
 Opprimit omne cor ille tuus decor, O Syon, O pax, 
 
 70 Urbs sine tempore, nulla potest fore laus tibi mendax; 
 sine luxibus, O sine luctibus, O sine lite 
 Splendida curia, florida patria, patria vitae ! 
 
BERNARDUS CLUNIACENSIS. 129 
 
 Urbs Syon inclyta, turns et cdita littore tuto, 
 Te peto, te colo, te flagro, te volo, canto, saluto ; 
 Nee meritis peto, nam mentis meto raorte peri re, 75 
 Nee reticens tego, quod meritis ego filius irae : 
 Vita quidem mea, vita nimis rea, mortua vita, 
 Quippe reatibus exitialibus obruta, trita. 
 Spe tamen ambulo, praemia postulo speque fideque, 
 Ilia perennia postulo praemia nocte dieque. 80 
 
 Me Pater optimus atque piissimus ille creavit; 
 In lue pertulit, ex lne sustulit, a lue lavit. 
 Gratia coelica sustinet unica totius orbis 
 Parcere sordibus, interioribus unctio morbis ; 
 Diluit omnia coelica gratia, fons David undans 85 
 
 Omnia diluit, omnibus affluit, omnia mnndans; 
 O pia gratia, celsa palatia cernere praesta, 
 Ut videam bona, festaque consona, coelica festa. 
 () mea, spes mea, tu Syon aurea, clarior auro, 
 Agmine splendida, stans duce, florida perpete lauro, 90 
 O bona patria, niim tua gaudia teque videbo ? 
 O bona patria, mini tua praemia plena tenebo ? 
 Die mihi, flagito, verbaque reddito, dieque, Yidebis : 
 Spem solidam gero ; remne tenens ero ? die, Eeti- 
 
 nebis. 
 O sacer, O pi us, O ter et amplius ille beatus, 95 
 
 Cui sua pars Deus : O miser, O reus, liac viduatus. 
 
 F2 
 
XXV. 
 PETRUS VENERABILIS 
 
 I. IN RESUERECTIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Mortis portis fractis, fortis 
 Fortior vim sustulit; 
 Et per crucem regera trucem 
 Infernorum perculit. 
 5 Lumen clarum tenebrarum 
 
 Sedibus resplendiiit ; 
 Dum salvare, recreare, 
 Quod creavit, voluit. 
 Hinc Creator, ne peccator 
 
 10 Moreretur, moritur ; 
 
 Cuius morte nova sorte 
 Vita nobis oritur. 
 Inde Satan victus geinit, 
 Uncle victor nos redemit; 
 
 15 Illud ill! fit letale, 
 
 Quod est homini vitale, 
 Qui, dum captat, capitur, 
 Et, dum mactatj moritur. 
 
PETRI'S VEXERAPILIS. 131 
 
 Sic decenter, sic potenter 
 
 Rex devincens inferos, 20 
 
 Linquens ima die prima, 
 
 Rediit ad superos. 
 
 Eesurrexit, et revexit 
 
 Secum Deus hominem, 
 
 Reparando quatn creando 25 
 
 Dederat originem. 
 
 Per Auctoris passionem 
 
 Ad amissam regionem 
 
 Primus redit nunc colonus: 
 
 Unde laetus lit hie sonus. 30 
 
 II. IN RESURRECTIONS DOMINI. 
 
 Gaude, mortalitas, 
 
 Redit aeternitas, 
 
 Qua reparaberis ; 
 
 Quidquid de funere 
 
 Soles metuere 5 
 
 lam ne timueris. 
 
 Dat certitudinem 
 
 Vita per hominem 
 
 Et Deum reddita, 
 
 Quam in se pertulit 10 
 
 Ac tibi contnlit 
 
 Morte deposita. 
 
 O nova dignitas ! 
 Dat locum Deitas 
 
132 PETRI'S VENERABILIS. 
 
 15 Humano pulveri ; 
 
 Nullum se praeferet 
 Opus vel conferet 
 Huic tanto open. 
 
 Limns calcabilis, 
 20 Nunc adorabilis 
 
 Super coelestia, 
 Summis virtutibus 
 Contremiscentibus ; 
 Gubernat omnia. 
 
 25 Quod in principio 
 
 Pravo consilio 
 Perverse voluit, 
 Nunc per iustitiam, 
 Non per superbiam 
 
 30 Adam obtinuit. 
 
 Deus, dum tumuit, 
 Esse non potuit, 
 Quod concupierat, 
 Factus et humilis, 
 35 Fit Deo similis 
 
 Et coelis imperat. 
 
 Hie, umbris horrida, 
 Hie, flammis torrida 
 Sedes quern liability 
 40 Per Dei Filium 
 
 Paternum solium 
 Tenere meruit. 
 
PETRUS YENERABILIS. 133 
 
 Antiqui gemitus, 
 
 Cessate funditus, 
 
 Nox est miseriae 45 
 
 lam locus penitus, 
 
 Nam tempus coelitus 
 
 Advenit gratiae. 
 
XXVI. 
 ADAM DE SC. VICTORE 
 
 I. IN NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 Potestate, iioii natura 
 Fit Creator creatura, 
 Reportetur ut factura 
 
 Factoris in gloria. 
 5 Praedicatus per proplietas, 
 
 Qnem non capit locus, aetas, 
 Nostrae sortis intrat metas, 
 
 Non relinquens propria. 
 
 Coelum terris inclinatur, 
 10 Homo-Dens adunatur, 
 
 Adunato famulatur 
 Coelestis familia. 
 Eex saeerdos consecratur 
 Generalis, quod monstratur 
 15 Cum pax terris nuntiatur 
 
 Et in altis gloria. 
 
 Causam quaeris, niodum rei? 
 Causa prius omnes rei, 
 Modus iustum velle Dei, 
 20 Sed eonditum gratia. 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 135 
 
 O quam dulee condimentum, 
 Nobis mutans in pigmentum 
 Cum aceto fel cruentum, 
 Degustante Messia ! 
 
 O salubre sacramentum, 25 
 
 Quod nos ponit in iumentum, 
 Plagis nostris dans unguentum, 
 
 Ille de Samaria. 
 Ille alter Elisaeus, 
 
 Reputatus Homo reus, 30 
 
 Suscitavit homo-Dens 
 
 Sunamitis puerum. 
 
 Hie est gigas currens fortis, 
 
 Qui, destructa lege mortis, 
 
 Ad amoena primae sortis 35 
 
 Ovem fert in humerum. 
 Vivit, regnat Deus-homo, 
 Trahens Oreo lapsum porno ; 
 Coelo tractus gaudet liomo, 
 
 Denum eomplens numerum. 40 
 
 II. DE RESCRRECTIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Mundi renovatio 
 Nova parit gandia, 
 Resurgenti Domino 
 Conresurgunt omnia. 
 Elementa serviunt, 
 Et auetoris sentiunt 
 Quanta shit solemnia. 
 
136 ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 
 
 Ignis volat mobilis, 
 Et aer volubilis, 
 10 Fluit aqua labilis, 
 
 Terra manet stabilis, 
 Alta petunt levia. 
 Centrum tenent gravia, 
 Renovantur omnia,. 
 
 15 Coeliim lit serenius, 
 
 Et mare tranquillius, 
 Spirat aura levins, 
 Vallis nostra floruit; 
 Revireseunt arida, 
 
 20 Recalescunt frigida, 
 
 Quia ver intepuit. 
 
 Gelu mortis solvitur, 
 Princeps mundi tollitur ? 
 Et eius destruitur 
 25 In nobis imperium; 
 
 Dum tenere voluit 
 In quo nihil habuit, 
 Ius amisit proprium. 
 
 Vita mortem superat, 
 30 Homo iam recuperat 
 
 Quod prius amiserat, 
 Paradisi gaudium. 
 Viam praebet facilem 
 Cherubim versatilem 
 35 Amovendo gladium. 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICT0RE. 137 
 
 in. DE SPIRITU SANCTO. 
 
 Vein", Creator Spiritus, 
 
 Spiritus recreator, 
 
 Tu dans, tu datus coehtus, 
 
 Tu donuin, tu donator; 
 
 Tu lex, tu digitus, 5 
 
 Alens et alitus, 
 
 Spiraus et spiritus, 
 
 Spiratus et spirator. 
 
 Tu septiformis gratiae 
 
 Dans septiforme donum, 10 
 
 Yirtutis septifariae, 
 
 Septem petitioiram. 
 
 Tu nix non defluens, 
 
 Ignis non destruens, 
 
 Pugil non metuens, 15 
 
 Propinator sermonum. 
 
 Ergo accende sensibus, 
 
 Tu, te, lumen et flamen, 
 
 Tu te inspira cordibus, 
 
 Qui es vitae spiramen. 20 
 
 Tu sol, tu radius, 
 
 Mittens et nuncius, 
 
 Persona tertius, 
 
 Salva nos. Amen. Amen. 
 
138 ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 
 
 IV. HYMNUS IN FESTE PENTECOSTEo 
 
 Qui procedis ab utroque, 
 Genitore Genitoque 
 
 Pariter, Paraclite ! 
 Redde linguas eloquentes, 
 5 Fac ferventes in te mentes 
 
 Flamma tua divite. 
 
 Ainor Patris Filiique, 
 Par amborum, et utrique 
 
 Coinpar et consimilis: 
 10 Cuncta reples, cuncta foves, 
 
 Astra regis, coelum moves, 
 
 Permanens immobilis. 
 
 Lumen clarum, lumen carum, 
 Internarum tenebrarum 
 15 Effugas caliginem. 
 
 Per te mundi sunt mundati ; 
 Tu peccatum et peccati 
 Destruis rubiginem. 
 
 Veritatem notam facis, 
 20 Et ostendis viam paeis 
 
 Et iter iustitiae ; 
 Perversorum corda vitas, 
 Sed bonorum corda ditas 
 Munere scientiae. 
 
 25 Te docente nil obscurum, 
 
 Te praesente nil impurnm, 
 
 Sub tua praesentia 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICT0RE. 
 
 139 
 
 Gloriatur mens iucnnda, 
 Per le laeta, per te munda 
 
 Gaudet conscientia. 30 
 
 Quando vein's, corda lenis, 
 •Quando subis, atrae nubis 
 
 Effugit obscuritas; 
 Sacer ignis, pectus ignis 
 Non comburis, sed a cnris 35 
 
 Purgas, quando visitas. 
 
 Hentes prius imperitas 
 Et sopitas et oblitas 
 
 Erudis et excitas ; 
 Foves linguas, formas sonum, 40 
 
 Cor ad bonura facit pronum 
 
 A te data caritas. 
 
 O jnvamen oppressorum, 
 O solamen miseroram, 
 
 Panperum refugium, 45 
 
 Da contemptum terrenorum, 
 Ad amorera supernorum 
 Trahe desideriura. 
 
 Consolator et fundator, 
 
 Habitator et amator 50 
 
 Cordium hnmilinm, 
 Pelle mala, terge sordes, 
 Et discordes fac Concordes, 
 
 Et affer praesidium. 
 
140 ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 
 
 55 Tu, qui quondam visitastL, 
 
 Docuistij confortasti 
 
 Timentes discipulus, 
 Visitare nos digneris, 
 Xos, si placet, consoleris, 
 
 GO Et credentes populos! 
 
 Par maiestas personarum, 
 Par potestas est earum, 
 Et communis Deitas. 
 Tu procedens a duobus, 
 65 Coaequalis es ambobus, 
 
 In nullo disparitas. 
 
 Quia tantus es et talis 
 Quantus Pater est et qualis 3 
 
 Servorum humilitas 
 70 Deo Patri, Filioque 
 
 Redemptori, tibi quoque 
 
 Laudes reddat debitas. 
 
 V. DE SS. EVANGELISTIC. 
 
 Circa thronum maiestatis, 
 Cum spiritibus beatis, 
 Quatuor diversitatis 
 
 Astant animalia. 
 Formam primnm aquilinam, 
 Et secundum leoninam, 
 Sed humanam et bovinam 
 
 Duo gernnt alia. 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICT0RE. 141 
 
 Formae formant figurarum 
 
 Formas Evangelistarum, 10 
 
 Quorum iraber doctrinarum 
 
 Stillat in Ecclesia; 
 Hi sunt Marcus et Matthaeus, 
 Lucas, et quem Zebedaeus 
 Pater tibi misit, Deus, 15 
 
 Dtim laxaret retia. 
 
 Form am viri dant Matthaeo, 
 Quia scripsit sic de Deo, 
 Sicut descendit ab eo, 
 
 Quem plasmavit, homine. 20 
 
 Lucas bos est in figura, 
 Ut praemonstrat in Scriptura, 
 Hostiarum tangens iura 
 
 Legis sub velamine. 
 
 Marcus, leo per desertum 25 
 
 Clamans, rugit in apertum, 
 Iter fiat Deo cert urn, 
 
 Mundum cor a crimine. 
 Sed Iohannes, ala bina 
 Caritatis, aquilina 30 
 
 Forma fertur in divina 
 
 Puriori lumine. 
 
 Quatuor describunt isti 
 Quadriformes actus Christ!, 
 Et figurant, ut audisti, 35 
 
 Quisque sua formula. 
 
142 ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 
 
 Natus homo declarator, 
 Vitulus saerificatur, 
 Leo mortem depraedatur, 
 40 Et ascendit aquila. 
 
 Ecce forma bestial is, 
 Quani scriptura prophetalis 
 Notat; sed material is 
 
 Ilaec est impositio. 
 45 Currimt rotis, volant alis; 
 
 Inest sensus spiritalis; 
 Rota gressus est aequalis, 
 
 Ala contemplatio. 
 
 Paradisus his rigatur, 
 50 Viret, floret, foecundatur, 
 
 His abundat, his laetatur 
 
 Quatuor fluminibus : 
 Fons est Christus, hi sunt rivi, 
 Fons est altus, hi proclivi, 
 55 Ut saporem fontis vivi 
 
 Ministrent tidelibus. 
 
 Horum rivo debriatis 
 Sitis crescat caritatis, 
 Ut de fonte pietatis 
 CO Satiemur plenius. 
 
 Horum trahat nos doctrina 
 Vitiorum de sentina, 
 Sicquc ducat ad divina 
 Ab imo superius. 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 143 
 
 VI. DE S. STEPIIANO. 
 
 Heri mundus exultavit, 
 Et exultans celebravit 
 
 Cliristi natalitia: 
 Heri chorus angelorum 
 Prosecutus est coelorum 
 
 Eeo*em cum laetitia. 
 
 r> 
 
 Protomartyr et Levita, 
 Clarus fide, clarus vita, 
 
 Clarus et miraculis, 
 Sub hac luce triumphavit, 10 
 
 Et triumphans insultavit 
 
 Stephanus incredulis. 
 
 Fremunt ergo tanquam ferae, 
 Quia victi defecere 
 
 Lucis adversarii: 15 
 
 Falsos testes statuunt, 
 Et linguas exacuunt 
 
 Viperarum filii. 
 
 Agonista, null! cede ; 
 
 Certa certus de mercede, 20 
 
 Persevera, Stephane : 
 Insta falsi s testibus, 
 Confuta sermonibus 
 
 Synagogam Satauae. 
 
 Testis tuus est in coelis, 25 
 
 Testis verax et fidelis, 
 Testis innocentiae. 
 
144 ADAM DE SC. YICTORE. 
 
 Nomen liabes Coronati, 
 Te tormenta decet pati 
 30 Pro corona gloriae. 
 
 Pro corona non marcenti 
 Perfer brevis vim tormentL 
 
 Te manet victoria. 
 Tibi fiet mors, natal is, 
 35 Tibi poena terminalis 
 
 Dat vitae primordia. 
 
 Plenus Sancto Spiritu 
 Penetrat intuitu 
 
 Stephanus coelestia. 
 40 Videns Dei gloriam 
 
 Crescit ad victoriam, 
 
 Suspirat ad praemia. 
 
 En a dextris Dei stantem 
 Iesum, pro te dimicantem^ 
 45 Stephane, considera. 
 
 Tibi coelos reserari, 
 Tibi Christum revelari 
 Clama voce libera. 
 
 Se commendat Salvatori, 
 50 Pro quo dulce ducit mori 
 
 Sub ipsis lapidibus. 
 Saulus servat omnium 
 Vestes lapidantium, 
 
 Lapidans in omnibus. 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICT0RE. 145 
 
 Ne peccatum statuatur 55 
 
 His, a quibus lapidatur, 
 Genu ponit et precatur, 
 
 Condolens insaniae : 
 In Christo sic obdormivit, 
 Qui Christo sic obedivit, 60 
 
 Et cum Christo semper vivft, 
 
 Marty rum primitiae. 
 
 VII. DE S. LAURENTIO. 
 
 Sicut chorda musicorum 
 Tandem sonum dat sonorum 
 
 Plectri ministerio, 
 Sic in chely tormentorum 
 Melos Christi confessorum 5 
 
 Martyris dat tensio. 
 
 Parum sapis vim sinapis, 
 
 Si non tangis, si non f rangis ; 
 
 Et plus fragrat, quando flagrat, 
 
 Tus iniectum ignibus : 10 
 
 Sic arctatus et assatus, 
 Sub ardore, sub labore, 
 Dat odoreni pleniorem 
 
 Martyr de virtutibus. 
 
 Hunc ardorem factum foris 15 
 
 Putat rorem vis amoris, 
 Et zelus iustitiae : 
 G 
 
146 ADAM DE BC. VICTORS. 
 
 Ignis nrens, non eomburens, 
 A^incit prnnas, quas aduuas, 
 20 O minister i in pie. 
 
 VIII. IN DEDICATIONE ECCLESIAE. 
 
 Quain dilecta tabernacla 
 
 Domini et atria! 
 Qnam eleeti architect^ 
 
 Tuta aedificia, 
 5 Quae non movent, immo fovent, 
 
 Ventns, rlumen, pluvial 
 
 Quam decora fundamenta, 
 Per concinna sacramenta 
 Umbrae praecurrentia. 
 10 Latus Adae dormientis 
 
 Evam fudit in manentis 
 Copulae primordia. 
 
 Area ligno fabricata 
 Xoe servat, gnbernata 
 15 Per inundi diluvium. 
 
 Prole sera tandem foeta, 
 Anus Sara ridet laeta, 
 
 Nostrum lactans Gaudinra. 
 
 Servns bibit qui legatur, 
 20 Et eamelns adaquatur 
 
 Ex Rebeccac liydria; 
 
ADAM DE SC. VICT0RE. 147 
 
 Haec inaures et armillas 
 
 Aptat sibi, lit per illas 
 Viro tiat congrua. 
 
 Synagoga supplantatur 25 
 
 A Iaeob, dum divagatar 
 
 Nimis freta literae. 
 Lippam Liam latent multa, 
 Quibus videns Rachel fulta 
 
 Pari n ubit foedere. 30 
 
 In bivio tegens nuda, 
 Geminos parit ex Iuda 
 
 Tliamar din vidua. 
 Ilic Movses a puella, 
 Dum se la vat, in fiscella 35 
 
 Reperitur scirpea. 
 
 Ilic mas agnus immolatur, 
 Quo Israel satiatur 
 
 Tinctus eius sanguine. 
 Ilic transitur rnbens unda, 40 
 
 Aegyptios sub profunda 
 
 Obruens voragine. 
 
 Hie est nrna manna plena, 
 Ilic mandate legis dena, 
 
 Sed in area foederis ; 45 
 
 Ilic sunt aedis ornamenta, 
 Hie Aaron indumenta, 
 
 Quae praecedit poderis. 
 
148 ADAM DE SC. VICTORE. 
 
 Ilic Urias viduatnr, 
 50 Barsabee sublimatur, 
 
 Sedis consors regiae: 
 Ilaec Ilcgi varietate 
 Vestis astat deauratae, 
 Sicut regum liliae. 
 
 55 Hue venit Austri regina, 
 
 Salonionis quam divina 
 
 Condit sapientia; 
 Ilaec est nigra, sed formosa; 
 Myrrhae et turis fuinosa 
 
 60 Yirga pigmentaria. 
 
 Ilaec futura, quae figura 
 Obumbravit, reseravit 
 Nobis dies gratiae; 
 lam in lecto cum dilecto 
 65 Quiescamus, et psallamiiSj, 
 
 Adsunt enirn nuptiae: 
 
 Quarum tonat initium 
 In tubis epulatitium, 
 Et finis per psalterinm. 
 70 Sponsum millena milia 
 
 Una laudant melodia, 
 Sine fine dicentia, 
 Alleluia. Ainen. 
 
XXVII. 
 
 ALANUS INSULANUS 
 
 I. DE NATURA HOMINIS. 
 
 Omnis mundi ereatura 
 Quasi liber et pictura 
 
 Nobis est, et speculum; 
 Nostrae vitae, nostrae mortis, 
 Nostri status, nostrae sortis 5 
 
 Fidele signaculum. 
 
 Nostrum statu m pingit rosa, 
 Nostri status decens glosa, 
 
 Nostrae vitae lectio, 
 Quae dura prirao mane floret, 10 
 
 Defloratus flos effloret 
 
 Vespertino senio. 
 
 Ergo spiralis flos expirat, 
 In pallorem dura delirat, 
 
 Oriendo moriens. 15 
 
 Sira.nl vetus et novella, 
 Simul senex et puella, 
 
 Rosa raarcet oriens. 
 
150 ALAN US IN8ULANU8. 
 
 Sic aetatis ver humanae 
 20 Iuventutis priino mane 
 
 Reflorescit paululura. 
 Mane tamen hoc excludit 
 Vitae vesper, dum concludit 
 
 Vitale crepusculum. 
 
 25 Cuius decor dum perorat, 
 
 Eius decus mox deflorat 
 Aetas, in qua defluit. 
 Fit flos foenum, gemma lutum, 
 Homo cinis, dum tributum 
 
 30 Homo morti tribuit. 
 
 Cuius vita, cuius esse 
 Poena, labor, et necesse 
 
 Vitam morte claudere. 
 Sic mors vitam, risum luctus, 
 35 Umbra diem, portum fluctus, 
 
 Mane claudit vespere. 
 
 In nos primum dat insult um 
 Poena, mortis gerens vultum, 
 
 Labor, mortis liistrio: 
 40 Nos proponit in laborem, 
 
 Nos assumit in dolorem, 
 
 Mortis est conclusio. 
 
 Ergo clausum sub hac lege 
 Statum tuum, homo, lege, 
 45 Tuum esse respice ! 
 
ALANUS INSULANUS. 151 
 
 Quid fuisti nasciturus, 
 Quid sis praesens, quid f u turns, 
 Diligenter inspice. 
 
 Luge poenam, cnlpam plange, 
 
 Motiis fraena, fastnm frange, 50 
 
 Pone supercilia. 
 Mentis rector et auriga 
 Mentem rege, fluxus riga, 
 
 Ne fluant in devia. 
 
 II. BE VITA HOMINIS. 
 
 Vita nostra plena bellis: 
 Inter hostes, inter arma 
 
 More belli vivitur; 
 Nulla lux it absque pugna, 
 Nulla nox it absque hictu, 5 
 
 Et salutis alea. 
 
 Sed timoris oninis expers, 
 Stabo firnius inter anna, 
 
 Nee timebo vulnera; 
 Non morabor host is iras, 10 
 
 Non timebo pnblicasve, 
 
 Callidasve machinas. 
 
 Ecce ! coeli lapsus arcn 
 Atque spissa nube tectus 
 
 Rector ipse siderum: 15 
 
152 ALANUS INSULANU8. 
 
 Contra saevos mentis hostes 
 Proelianteni me tuetur, 
 Bella pro me suscipit. 
 
 Franget arcus et sagittas, 
 20 Ignibusque sempiternis 
 
 Anna tradet hostium : 
 Ergo stabo sine metu, 
 Generose superabo 
 
 Hostium saevitiam. 
 
 m. DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 Hie est qui, carnis intrans ergastnla no^trae, 
 Se poenae vinxit, vinctos ut solveret ; aeger 
 Factus, ut aegrotos sanaret ; pauper, ut ipsis 
 Pauperibus conferret opem ; def unctus, ut ipsa 
 5 Vita donaret def unctos ; exsulis omen 
 Passus, ut exilio miseros subduceret exul. 
 Sic livore perit livor, sic vulnere vulnus, 
 Sic morbus damnat morbum, mors morte fugatur: 
 Sic moritur vivens, ut vivat mortuus ; haeres 
 
 lOExulat, ut servos haeredes reddat; egenus 
 Fit dives, pauperque potens, ut ditet egenos. 
 Sic liber servit, ut servos liberet ; imum 
 Summa petunt, ut sic ascendant infima summum ; 
 Ut nox splendescat, splendor tenebrescit; eclipsi 
 
 15 Sol verus langnescit, ut astra reducat ad ortum. 
 Aegrotat medicus, ut sanet morbidus aegrnm. 
 Se coelum terrae conformat, cedrus hysopo. 
 
ALANUS INSULANUS. 153 
 
 Ipse gigas nano, fumo lux, dives egeno, 
 Aegroto sauus, servo rex, purpura saeeo. 
 Hie est, qui nostram sortem iniseratus, ab aula 20 
 Aeterni Patris egrediens, fastidia nostrae 
 Sustinuit sortis; sine erimine, criminis in se 
 Defigens poenas, et nostri damna reatus. 
 
 G2 
 
XXVIII. 
 
 THOMAS A CELANO. 
 
 DIES IKAE. 
 
 Dies irae, dies ilia 
 Solvet saeclum in favilla, 
 Teste David cum Sybilla. 
 
 Quantus tremor est futurus, 
 5 Quando index est venturus, 
 
 Cuncta stricte discussnrus! 
 
 Tuba, minim spargens sonum 
 Per sepulcra regionum, 
 Coget omnes ante thronum. 
 
 10 Mors stupebit, et natura, 
 
 Qnum resnrget creatnra 
 Iudicanti responsnra. 
 
 Liber script us prpferetur 
 In quo totum continetui 
 
 15 Unde niundus iudicetur 
 
 9 
 
9A\ 
 
 THOMAS A CELANO. 155 
 
 Index ergo cum sedebit, 
 Quidquid latet, apparebit, 
 Nil inultnm remanebit. 
 
 Quid sum miser tunc dicturns 3 
 Quern patronum rogatimis, 
 Cum vix instns sit securus? 
 
 Hex tremendae raaiestatis, 
 
 Qui salvandos salvas gratis, 
 Salva me, fons pietatis! 
 
 Eecordare, Iesu pie, 25 
 
 Quod sum causa tuae viae; 
 Ke me perdas ilia die! 
 
 Quaerens me sedisti lassus, 
 Redemisti crucein passus : 
 Tantus labor non sit cassus ! 30 
 
 Iuste index ultionis, 
 Donum fac remissionis 
 Ante diem rationis! 
 
 Ingemisco tanquam reus, 
 Culpa rubet vultus mens : 35 
 
 Supplicant! parce, Dens ! 
 
 Qui Mariam absolvisti, 
 Et latronem exaudisti, 
 Mihi quoque spem dedistio 
 
15G THOMAS A CELANO. 
 
 40 Preces meae non sunt dignae 
 
 Sed tu bonus fac benigne 
 Ise perenni cremer igne. 
 
 Inter oves locum praesta, 
 Et ab haedis me sequestra, 
 45 Statuens in parte dextra. 
 
 Confutatis maledictis, 
 Flammis acribus addictis, 
 Voca me cum benedictis ! 
 
 Oro supplex et acclinis, 
 50 Cor contritum quasi cini$ ? 
 
 Gere curam mei finis ! 
 
 Lacrymosa dies ilia, 
 Qua resurget ex favilla 
 Iudicandus homo reus: 
 55 Iluic ergo parce, Deus ! 
 
 Pie Iesu domine, 
 Dona eos requie! 
 Amen. 
 
XXIX. 
 
 BONAVENTURA 
 
 I. DE SANCTA CRUCE. 
 
 Recordare sanctae crucis, 
 Qui perfectam viam ducis 
 
 Delectare inciter. 
 Sanctae crucis recordare, 
 Et in ipsa meditare 5 
 
 Insatiabiliter. 
 
 Quum quiescas aut laboras, 
 Quando rides, quando ploras, 
 
 Doles sive gaudeas; 
 Quando vadis, quando venis^ 10 
 
 In solatiis, in poenis 
 
 Crueem corde teneas. 
 
 Crux in omnibus pressuris, 
 Et in gravibus et duris 
 
 Est totum remedium. 15 
 
 Crux in poenis et tormentis 
 Est dulcedo piae mentis, 
 
 Et veram refu^ium. 
 
158 BONA VENTURA. 
 
 Crux est porta paradisi, 
 20 In qua sancti sunt contisi, 
 
 Qui vicerunt omnia. 
 Crux est mundi medicina, 
 Per quam bonitas divina 
 
 Faeit mirabilia. 
 
 25 Crux est salus animarum, 
 
 Verum lumen et praeclarnm, 
 
 Et dulcedo cordium. 
 Crux est vita beatonun, 
 Et tliesaurus perfectorum, 
 
 30 Et decor et gaudium. 
 
 Crux est speculum virtutis, 
 Gloriosae dux salutis, 
 
 Cuncta spes fideliuin. 
 Crux est decus sal' rndoruin, 
 35 Et solatium eorum 
 
 Atque desiderium. 
 
 Crux est arbor deeorafa, 
 Christi sanguine sacrata, 
 
 Cunctis plena fructibns, 
 40 Quibus animae ernuutur, 
 
 Cum supernis nutriuntur 
 
 Cihis in ooelestibus. 
 
 Cruciiixe ! fac me fortetn, 
 Ut libenter tuam mortem 
 45 Plangam, donee vixero. 
 
BONAVENTUKA. 159 
 
 Tecum volo vulnerari, 
 
 Te libenter amplexari 
 
 Li cruce desidero. 
 
 II. HOKAE DE PASSIONE IESU CHRIST!. 
 
 AD PRIMAM. 
 
 Tu qui velatus facie 
 Fuisti sol iustitiae, 
 Flexis illusus genibus, 
 Caesus quoque verberibus : 
 
 Te petimus attentiiis, 5 
 
 Ut sis nobis propitius, 
 Ut per tuam clementiam 
 Perducas nos ad gloriam. 
 
 AD TERTIAM. 
 
 Hora qui ductus tertia 
 
 Fuisti ad snpplicia, 10 
 
 Cliriste, ferendo humeris 
 
 Crucem pro nobis miseris; 
 
 Fac nos sic te diligere 
 
 Sanctamque vitam ducere, 
 
 Ut mereamur requie 15 
 
 Frui coelestis patriae. 
 
 AD SEXTAM. 
 
 Crucem pro nobis subiit 
 Et stans in ilia sitiit 
 
1 <)0 BONAVENTUBA. 
 
 Iesus saeratis man i bus 
 20 Clavis fossus et pedibus: 
 
 Honor ct benedictio 
 Sit crucifixo Domino, 
 Qui suo nos supplicio 
 Redemit ab exirio. 
 
 AD NONAM. 
 
 25 Beata Christi passio 
 
 Sit nostra liberatio, 
 Ut per banc nobis gaudia 
 Parata suit coelestia. 
 
 Gloria Cbristo domino, 
 30 Qui pendens in patibulo 
 
 Clamans emisit spirituni 
 Mundumque salvans perdituni c 
 
 AD COMPLETORIUM. 
 
 Qui iaeuisti mortuus 
 In pace rex innocuus, 
 35 Fac nos in te quieseere 
 
 Semperque laudes canere. 
 
 Succurre nobis, Domine, 
 Quos redemisti sanguine, 
 Et due nos ad suavia 
 40 Aeternae pacis gaudia. 
 
BON A VENTURA. 161 
 
 III. IIYMNUS DE PASSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Christum ducem, 
 
 Qui per crucem 
 Kedemit nos ab hostibus, 
 
 Laudet coetus 
 
 Roster laetus, 
 Exultet coelum laudibus. 
 
 Poena fortis 
 
 Tuae mortis 
 Et sanguinis effusio, 
 
 Corda terant, 10 
 
 Ut te qiiaerant, 
 Iesu, nostra redemptio. 
 
 Per felices 
 
 Cicatrices, 
 Sputa, flagella, verbera, 15 
 
 Xobis strata 
 
 Sint collata 
 Aeterna Christi munera. 
 
 Nostrum tangat 
 
 Cor, ut plangat, 20 
 
 Tuorum sanguis vulnerum. 
 
 In quo toti 
 
 Simus loti, 
 Conditor alme siderum. 
 
162 BONAVENTIJRA. 
 
 25 Passion is 
 
 Tuae donis 
 Salvator, nos inebria, 
 Qua fidelis 
 Dare velis 
 
 30 Aeterna nobis gaudia! 
 
 IV. DE PASSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Quantum hamum caritas tibi praesentavit, 
 Mori cum pro homine te solicitavit ; 
 Sed et esca placida hamum occupavit. 
 Cum lucrari animas te per hoe nionstravit. 
 
 Te quidem aculeus hami non latebat, 
 
 Sed illius ])unctio te non deterrebat, 
 Immo hunc impetere tibi complacebat, 
 Quia desiderium escae attraliebat. 
 
 Ergo pro me misero, quern tu dilexisti, 
 10 Mortis in aculeum sciens impegisti, 
 
 Cum te Patri victimam sanctam obtulisti, 
 Et in tuo sanguine sordid um lavisti. 
 
 lieu ! cur beneficia Christi passionis 
 Penes te memoriter, homo, non reponis? 
 15 Per hanc enim rnpti sunt laquei praedonis, 
 Per hanc Christus maximis te ditavit bonis. 
 
BON A VENTURA. 163 
 
 Suo quippe corpore languidum te pavit, 
 Quein in suo sanguine gratis balneavit, 
 Deraura snum dulce cor tibi denudavit, 
 Ut sic innotesceret quantum te amavit. 20 
 
 Oh ! quam dulce balneum, esca qnam suavis, 
 Quae sumenti digne lit Paradisi clavis; 
 Est ei quern reficis nullus labor gravis, 
 Licet sis fastidio cordibus ignavis. 
 
 Cor ignavi siquidem minime perpendit 25 
 
 Ad quid Christus optimum suum cor ostendit 
 Super alas positum crucis, nee attendit 
 Quod reclinatorii vices hoc praetendit. 
 
 Hoc reclinatorium quoties monstratur 
 
 Piae inenti, toties ei glutinatuiy 30 
 
 Sicut et accipiter totus inescatur 
 
 Super carnem rubeam, per quam revocatur. 
 
XXX. 
 
 THOMAS AQUINAS, 
 
 I. AD SACRAM EUCJIAEISTIAM. 
 
 Adoro te devote, latens Deitas, 
 Quae sub his figuris vere latitas. 
 Tibi se cor meum totum subiicit, 
 Quia te eontemplans totum deficit 
 
 5 Visus, tactus, gustns, in te fallitur, 
 
 Sed audita solo tute creditnr: 
 Credo quidquid dixit Dei filius; 
 Nihil veritatis verbo verius. 
 
 In cruce latebat sola Deitas, 
 10 At hie latet simui et humanitas, 
 
 Anibo tamen credens atque confitens P 
 Peto quod petivit latro poenitens. 
 
 Plagas sicut Thomas non intueor, 
 Deum tamen meum te confiteor, 
 15 Fae me tibi semper magis credere, 
 
 In te spem habere, te diligere. 
 
THOMAS AQUINAS. 165 
 
 O memoriale mortis Domini, 
 
 Pan is verus, vitam praestans horaini, 
 
 Praesta meae menti de te vivere, 
 
 Et te illi semper dulce sapere. 20 
 
 Pie pelicane, Iesu Domine, 
 Me immundum munda tuo sanguine, 
 Cuius una stilla salvum faeere 
 Totuin irnindum quit ab omni scelere. 
 
 Iesu, quern velatum nunc aspicio, 25 
 
 Quando fiet illud quod tarn sitio, 
 Ut te revelata cernens facie 
 Visu sim beatus tnae gloriae. 
 
 II. IN FESTO CORPORIS CHRISTI. 
 
 Lauda, Sion, Salvatorem, 
 Laud a ducem et pastorem 
 
 In hyranis et canticis : 
 Quantum potes, tantnm aude, 
 Quia maior omni laude, 5 
 
 Xec laudare sufficis. 
 
 Laud is thema specialis, 
 Panis vivus et vitalis 
 
 Hodie proponitur; 
 Quern in sacrae mensa coenae 10 
 
 Turbae fratrum duodenae 
 
 Datum non ambigitnr. 
 
1GG THOMAS AQUINAS. 
 
 Sit laus plena, sit sonora, 
 Sit iueunda, sit decora 
 15 Mentis iubilatio : 
 
 Namque dies est solennis 
 Qua recolitur perennis 
 Mensae institutio. 
 
 In hac mensa novi Pegis 
 20 Novum pascha novae legis 
 
 Phase vetus terminat : 
 lam vetustas novitati, 
 Umbra cedit veritati, 
 Noctem lux eliminat. 
 
 25 Quod in coena Christus gessit, 
 
 Faciendum hoc expressit 
 
 In sui memoriam : 
 Docti sacris institutis, 
 Panem, vinnm in salutis 
 
 30 Consecramus hostiam. 
 
 Dogma datur Christianis, 
 Quod in carnem transit panis, 
 
 Et vinuni in Bangninem: 
 Quod non capis, quod non vides P 
 35 Animosa firmat fides, 
 
 Praeter rerum ordinem. 
 
 Sub diversis specicbus, 
 Signis tamen et non rebus, 
 Latent res eximiae : 
 
THOMAS AQUINAS. 167 
 
 Caro eibus, sanguis potus, 40 
 
 Manet tamen Christus totus 
 Sub ntraqiie specie. 
 
 A sumente non concisus, 
 Non contractus, non divisus, 
 
 Integer accipitur : 45 
 
 Sumit trans, sumunt mille, 
 Quantum isti, tantiim ille, 
 
 Nee sumptus consumitur. 
 
 Sumunt boni, sumunt mall, 
 
 Sorte tamen inaequali 50 
 
 Vitae, vel interitus : 
 Mors est malis, vita bonis: 
 Vide, pans sumptionis 
 
 Quam sit dispar exitus ! 
 
 Fracto demum Sacramento 55 
 
 Ne vacilles, sed memento 
 Tantum esse sub fragmento, 
 
 Quantum toto tegitur; 
 Nulla rei fit scissura, 
 
 Signi tantum lit fractura, 60 
 
 Qua nee status, nee statura 
 
 Signati minuitur. 
 
 Ecce ! panis angelorum 
 Factus cibus viatorum ! 
 Vere panis filiorum, 65 
 
 Non mittendus canibus! 
 
168 THOMAS AQUINAS. 
 
 Iii figuris praesignatur, 
 Cum Isaac immolatur, 
 Agnus paschae deputatur, 
 70 Datur manna patribus. 
 
 Bone pastor, panis vere, 
 Iesu, liostri miserere, 
 Tu nos pasce, nos tuere, 
 Tu nos bona fac videre 
 
 75 In terra viventium. 
 
 Tu qui cuncta seis et vales. 
 Qui nos pascis hie mortales, 
 Tuos ibi commensales, 
 Cohaeredes et sodales 
 
 80 Fac sanctorum civium. 
 
 HI. IN FESTO CORPORIS CHRIST!, AD VESPERAS. 
 
 Pange, lingua, gloriosi 
 
 Corporis mysterium, 
 Sanguinisque pretiosi, 
 
 Quern in mundi pretium 
 Fructus ventris generosi 
 
 Ilex effudit gentium. 
 
 t> 
 
 Nobis datuSj nobis natus, 
 Ex intacta virgine, 
 
 Et in mundo conversatus, 
 10 Sparso verbi semine, 
 
 Sui moras incolatus 
 Miro clausit ordine. 
 
THOMAS AQUINAS. 169 
 
 In supremae nocte coenae, 
 
 Recumbens cum fratribus, 
 Observata lege plene 15 
 
 Cibis in legalibus, 
 Cibum turbae duodenae 
 
 Se dat suis manibns. 
 
 Verbnm caro panem verum 
 
 Verbo carnem efiicit, 20 
 
 Fitque sanguis Christi merum; 
 
 Etsi sensus deficit, 
 Ad firmandum cor sincerum 
 
 Sola fides sufficit. 
 
 Tantum ergo Sacramehtum 25 
 
 Veneremur cernui : 
 Et antiquum documentum 
 
 Novo cedat ritui : 
 Praestet fides supplementum 
 
 Sensuum defectui ! 30 
 
 Genitori, Genitoque 
 
 Laus et iubilatio ! 
 Salus, honor, virtus quoque 
 
 Sit et benedictio ! 
 Procedenti ab ntroque 35 
 
 Compar sit laudatio ! 
 H 
 
170 THOMAS AQUINAS. 
 
 IV. DE C0RP0RE CHRISTL 
 
 O esca viatorum ! 
 O pains angelorum ! 
 
 O manna coelitum ! 
 Esurientes ciba, 
 5 Dulcedine non priya 
 
 Corda quaerentium. 
 
 O lympha, fons amoris! 
 Qui puro Salvatoris 
 
 E corde profluis : 
 10 Te sitientes pota ! 
 
 Haec sola nostra vota. 
 
 His una sufficis ! 
 
 O Iesn, tuum vultura, 
 Quern colimus occultiiin 
 15 Sub panis specie, 
 
 Fac, lit, remoto velo, 
 Aperta nos in eoelo 
 Ceriiamus aeie ! 
 
XXXI. 
 IACOPONUS 
 
 I, SEQUENTIA DE PxYSSIONE B. VIRGINIS. 
 
 Stabat mater dolorosa 
 Iuxta crucem lacrymosa, 
 
 Dum pendebat films, 
 Cuius animam gementem, 
 Contristantem et dolentem 
 
 Pertransivit gladius. 
 
 O quam tristis et affiicta 
 Fuit ilia benedicta 
 
 Mater unigeniti, 
 Quae moerebat et dolebat 10 
 
 Et tremebat, dum videbat 
 
 Nati poenas inclyti. 
 
 Quis est homo, qui non fleret, 
 Matrem Christi si videret, 
 
 In tanto supplieio? 15 
 
 Quis non posset contristari, 
 Piam matrem contemplari 
 
 Dolentem cum filio ! 
 
172 IACOPONUS. 
 
 Pro peceatis suae gentis 
 20 Vidit Iesum in tormentis 
 
 Et flagellis snbditnm ; 
 Vidit sunni dnlcem natum 
 Morientem, desolatuin, 
 
 Duni emisit spiritum. 
 
 25 Eia mater, fons ainoris! 
 
 Me sentire vim doloris 
 
 Fac, ut tecum lugeam ; 
 Fac, ut ardeat cor men m 
 . In amando Christum Deum, 
 30 Ut sibi complaceam. 
 
 Sancta mater, istud agas, 
 Crueifixi fige plagas 
 
 Cordi meo valide; 
 Tui nati vulnerati, 
 35 Tarn dignati pro me pati, 
 
 Poenas mecum divide. 
 
 Fac me vere tecum flere, 
 Crucifixo condolere, 
 
 Donee ego vixero ; 
 40 Iuxta cruceni tecum stare, 
 
 Te libenter sociare 
 
 In planctu desidero. 
 
 Virgo virginum praeclara, 
 Mihi iam non sis amara, 
 
 45 Fac me tecum plangere; 
 
IACOPONUS. 173 
 
 Fac, ut portem Christi mortem, 
 Passioms fac consortem 
 Et plagas recolere. 
 
 Fac me plagis vulnerari, 
 
 Cruce hac inebriari, 50 
 
 Et cruore filii; 
 Inflammatus et accensus, 
 Per te, virgo, sim defensus 
 
 In die iudicii 
 
 Fac me cruce custodiri, 55 
 
 Morte Christi praemuniri, 
 
 Confoveri gratia. 
 Quando corpus morietur, 
 Fac, ut animae donetur 
 
 Paradisi gloria. 60 
 
 n. PARAPH RASIS SEQUENTIAE ANTECEDENTS. 
 
 Stabat mater speciosa 
 Iuxta foennm gaudiosa, 
 
 Dum iacebat parvulus ; 
 Cuius animara gaudentem, 
 Laetabundam et ferventem 
 
 Pertrausivit iubilus. 
 
 O quam laeta et beata 
 Fuit ilia immaculata 
 Mater imigeniti. 
 
174 IACOPONUS. 
 
 10 Quae gaudebat et ridebat, 
 
 Exultabat, cum videbat 
 Nati partum inclyti. 
 
 Quisquam est, qui non gauderet, 
 Christi matrem si videret 
 15 In tanto solatio? 
 
 Quis non possit collaetari, 
 Christi matrem contemplari 
 Ludentem cum filio? 
 
 Pro peccatis suae gentis 
 20 Christum vidit cum iumentis 
 
 Et algori subditum ; 
 Vidit suum dulcem natum 
 Vagientem, adoratum 
 
 Vili diversorio. 
 
 25 Nato Christo in praesepe 
 
 Coeli cives canunt laete 
 
 Cum immenso gaudio ; 
 Stabat senex cum puella 
 Non cum verbo nee loquela 
 
 30 Stupescentes cordibus. 
 
 Eia, mater, fons amoris, 
 Me sentire vim ardoris 
 
 Fac, ut tecum sentiam ; 
 Fac, ut ardeat cor nieiim 
 35 In aniatum Christum Deum, 
 
 Ut sibi complaceam. 
 
IACOPONCS. 1*0 
 
 San eta mater, istud agas, 
 Prone introducas plagas 
 
 Cordi fixas valide ; 
 Tui nati coelo lapsi, 40 
 
 lam dignati foeno nasci, 
 
 Poenas mecum divide. 
 
 Fac me vere congaudere, 
 Iesulino cohaerere, 
 
 Donee ego vixero ; 45 
 
 In me sistat ardor tui, 
 Puerino fac me frui, 
 
 Diim sum in exilio. 
 
 Virgo virgin um praeelara, 
 
 Milii iaui noil sis amara, 50 
 
 Fac me parvum rapere; 
 Fac, ut pulchrum infantem portem. 
 Qui nascendo vieit mortem, 
 
 Volens vitam tradere. 
 
 Fac me tecum satiari, 55 
 
 JSato me inebriari, 
 
 Stanteni in tripudio ; 
 Inflammatus et accensus 
 Obstupescit omnis sensus 
 
 Tali me eommercio. 60 
 
 Fac me nato custodiri, 
 
 Verbo Dei praeinuniri, 
 
 Conservari gratia; 
 
1TG IACOPONUS. 
 
 Quando corpus morietur 
 65 Fac, ut animae donetur 
 
 Tui nati gloria! 
 
 III. MUNDI VANITAS. 
 
 Cur mundus militat sub vana gloria, 
 Cuius prosperitas est trausitoria? 
 Tarn cito labitur eius potentia, 
 Quam vasa figuli, quae sunt fragilia. 
 
 5 Plus crede litteris scriptis in glacie, 
 
 Quam mundi fragilis vanae fallaciae, 
 Fallal in praemiis, virtutis specie, 
 Qui nunqnam liabuit tempus fiduciae. 
 
 Credendum magis est vitris fallacious, 
 10 Quam mundi miseris prosperitatibus, 
 
 Falsis insaniis et vanitatibus, 
 Falsisque studiis et voluptatibus. 
 
 Die, ubi Salomon, olim tarn nobilis, 
 Vel ubi Samson est, dux invincibilis, 
 15 Vel pulcher Absalon, vultu mirabilis, 
 
 Vel dulcis Ionatlian, multum amabilis? 
 
 Quo Caesar abiit, celsus imperio, 
 Vel Dives splendidus, totus in prandio? 
 Die;, ubi Tullius, clarus eloquio, 
 20 Vel Aristoteles, summus ingenio? 
 
IACOPONUS. 177 
 
 Tot clari proceres, tot rerum spatia, 
 Tot ora praesulum, tot regna fortia, 
 Tot mundi principes, tanta potentia, 
 In ictu oculi claiideiitur omnia ! 
 
 Quam breve festuni est haec mundi gloria, 25 
 Et umbra hominis sunt eius gaudia ! 
 Quae semper subtrahunt aeterna praemia, 
 Et ducunt hominem ad dura devia. 
 
 O esca vermium, O massa pulveris, 
 
 O roSj O vanitas, cur sic extolleris? 30 
 
 Ign orans penitus, utrum eras vixeris, 
 
 Fac bonum omnibus, quamdiu poteris ! 
 
 Haec carnis gloria, quae tanti penditur, 
 Sacris in litteris flos foeni dicitur. 
 Ut leve folium, quod vento rapitur, 35 
 
 Sic vita hominis luci subtrahitur. 
 
 Nil tuum dixeris quod potes perdere, 
 Quod mundus tribuit, intendit rapere : 
 Superna cogita, cor sit in aetliere, 
 Felix, qui potnit mundum contemnere. 40 
 
 H2 
 
XXXII 
 
 THOMAS A KEMPIS, 
 
 I. DE PATIENTIA. 
 
 Adversa mundi tolera 
 Pro Christi nomine. 
 
 Plus nocent saepe prospers 
 Cum levi flamine ! 
 
 Quum a malis molestaris, 
 Nihil perdis, sed lncraris, 
 Patiendo promereris, 
 Multa bona consequeris ! 
 
 Nam Deum honorificas 
 10 Et angelos laetificas, 
 
 Coronam tuam duplicas 
 Et proximos aedificas! 
 
 Labor parvus est 
 Et brevis vita, 
 15 Merces grandis est, 
 
 Quies infinita. 
 
 / 
 
THOMAS A KEMPIS. 179 
 
 Toties martyr Dei 
 
 Efficieris, 
 Quoties pro Deo 
 
 Poenam patieris. 20 
 
 Patiendo fit homo melior. 
 
 Auro pulchrior, 
 
 Yitro clarior, 
 
 Laude dignior, 
 
 Gradu altior, 25 
 
 A vitiis purgatior, 
 
 Virtutibus perfection 
 
 Iesu Christo acceptior, 
 
 Sanctis quoque similior, 
 
 Hostibus suis fortior, 30 
 
 Amicis amabilior. 
 
 In Domino semper spera, 
 Age recta, profer vera, 
 
 Coram Deo te hnrailia, 
 Et gratiam invenies ; 35 
 
 Ama panca et simplicia, 
 Et pacem bonam reperies! 
 
 II. DE GAUDIIS COELESTIBUS. 
 
 Astant angelorum cliori, 
 
 Laudes cantant creatori; 
 Eegem cernunt in decore, 
 Amant corde, laudant ore, 
 
ISO THOMAS A KEMPIS. 
 
 5 Tjmpanizaut, eitharizant. 
 
 Volant aliSj stant in scalis, 
 
 Sonant nolis, fulgent stolis 
 
 Coram summa Trinitate, 
 
 Clamant: Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus; 
 10 Fngit dolor, cessat planctus 
 
 In superna civitate. 
 
 Concors vox est omnium 
 
 Denm collaudantium ; 
 
 Fervet amor mentium 
 15 Clare contiientium 
 
 Beatani Trinitatem in una, Deitate; 
 
 Qnam adorant Seraphim 
 
 Ferventi in amore, 
 
 Venerantur Cherubim 
 20 Ingenti sub honore; 
 
 Mirantur niiuis Throni de tanta maiestate, 
 
 O qnam praeclara regio, 
 
 Et quam decora legio 
 
 Ex angelis et hominibus! 
 25 O gloriosa civitas, 
 
 In qua summa tranquillitas, 
 
 Lux et pax in cunetis finibus! 
 
 Cives huius civitatis 
 
 Veste nitent castitatis, 
 30 Legem tenent caritatis, 
 
 Firmum pactum unitatis. 
 
 \<>n laborant, nil ignorant; 
 
 Ts T on tentantur, ncc vexantur; 
 
 Semper sani, semper laeti, 
 35 Cunetis bonis sunt repleti. 
 
XXXIII. 
 
 JOHANNES MAUBURNUS 
 
 I. DE NATIYITATE DOMINI. 
 
 Hen, quid iaces stabulo, 
 
 Omnium creator, 
 Vagiens cunabulo, 
 
 Mundi reparator? 
 Si rex, ubi purpura ? 5 
 
 Vel clientum murmura? 
 
 Ubi aula regis ? 
 Hie omiris penuria, 
 Paupertatis curia, 
 
 Forma novae legis. 10 
 
 "Istuc amor generis 
 
 Me traxit liumani, 
 Quod se noxa sceleris 
 
 Occidit profani. 
 His meis inopiis IT 
 
 Gratiarum copiis 
 
 Te pergo ditare, 
 Hocce natalitio 
 Vero sacrificio 
 
 Te volens beare." 20 
 
182 IOHANNES MAUBUBNUS. 
 
 O, te laudum millibus 
 
 Laudo, laudo, laudo, 
 Tantis mirabilibus 
 
 .Plaudo, plaudo, plaudo ! 
 25 Gloi'ia, sit gloria, 
 
 Amanti memoria 
 
 Domino in altis! 
 Cui testimonia 
 Dantur et praeconia 
 30 Coelicis a psaltis! 
 
XXXIV. 
 AUCTORES INCERTL 
 
 I. DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 Puer natus in Bethlehem, 
 ITnde gaudet Ierusalem. 
 
 Hie iacet in praesepio, 
 Qui regnat sine termino. 
 
 Cognovit bos et asiims 5 
 
 Quod puer erat Dominus. 
 
 Eeges de Saba veniunt, 
 Auruin, thus, myrrham offernnt 
 
 Intrantes domum invieem 
 
 Novum salutant Principem. 10 
 
 De matre natus virsnne 
 Sine virili semine ; 
 
 Sine serpentis vulnere 
 De nostro venit sanguine: 
 
1$± AUCTOKES INCERTI. 
 
 15 In carne nobis similis, 
 
 Peceato sed dissimilis; 
 
 Ut redderet nos homines 
 Deo et sibi similes. 
 
 In hoc natal i gaudio 
 20 Benedicanius Domino. 
 
 Laudetur sancta Trinitas 
 Deo dicamus gratias. 
 
 II. DE RESURRECTIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Surrexit Christus liodie 
 Humano pro solamine. 
 
 Mortem qui passus pridie 
 Miserrimo pro homine. 
 
 5 Mulieres ad tumulum 
 
 Dona ferunt aromatnm, 
 
 Quaerentes Iesnm dominum 
 Qui est salvator hominum, 
 
 Album cernentes angelum 
 1^ Annunciantem gaudium: 
 
 Mulieres O tremulae, 
 In Galilaeara pergite, 
 
AUCT0RES INCERTI. 185 
 
 Discipulis hoc dicite, 
 Quod surrexit rex gloriae, 
 
 Petro dehinc et caeteris 15 
 
 Apparuit apostolis. 
 
 In hoc pascali gaudio 
 Benedieamus Domino. 
 
 Gloria tibi, Domine, 
 
 Qui surrexisti e morte. 20 
 
 Laudetur sancta Trinitas 
 Deo dicamus gratias. 
 
 III. DE APOSTOLIS. 
 
 Qui sunt isti 3 
 
 Qui volant nt nubes per aera? 
 
 Portant Christi 
 
 Per Sanctum Spiritum mysteria? 
 
 Hi sunt terrae principes 5 
 
 Et electi lapides, 
 
 Quorum son us 
 
 Exauditus est per terrae climata. 
 
 Petrus Antioehiam, 
 
 Paulas Alexandrian! 10 
 
 Et Andreas 
 
 Convertit ad Dominum Aehai'am. 
 
186 AUCTORES INCERTL 
 
 Iohannes in dolio 
 Ex ferventi oleo 
 15 Senatum devicerat. 
 
 Pliilippus Azotic um 
 Destinavit populum 
 Ad matrem ccclesiam. 
 
 Adhuc sunt in numero 
 20 Iacobus cum Iacobo, 
 
 Simon Cananaeus 
 Et Iudas Thaddaeus. 
 Vocatus a Domino 
 Sedens in telonio 
 25 Sequitur Matthaeus 
 
 Et Iiartholomaeus. 
 
 Thomas non postponitur, 
 Matthiasque tollitur 
 Yocatus a Domino 
 
 30 Sorte apostolica. 
 
 Ergo vos apostoli 
 Et amici Domini 
 Nbstrorum absolvite 
 Pcccatorum vincula 
 
 35 Iuvando per saecula. 
 
 IV. MEDITATIONES. 
 
 Desere iam, anima, lectulum soporis. 
 Languor, torpor, vanitas excludatur foris ; 
 Intus cor efferveat facibus amoris, 
 Becolens miriftca gesta Salvatoris. 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI. 187 
 
 Mens, affectus, ratio, simul convenite, 5 
 
 Occupari frivolis ultra iam nolite ; 
 Discursus, vagatio, cum curis abite, 
 Dum pertractat animus saeramenta vitae. 
 
 Iesu mi dulcissime, domine coelorum, 
 Conditor omnipotens, rex universorum, 10 
 
 Quis iam actus sufficit mirari gestorum, 
 Quae te ferre compulit salus miserorum? 
 
 Te de coelis caritas traxit animarum, 
 Pro quibus palatiuni deserens praeclarnm, 
 Miseram ingrediens vallem lacrvmarum, 15 
 
 Opus durum suscipis, et iter amarum. 
 
 Tristatur laetitia, salus infirmatur, 
 
 Panis vivus esurit, virtus sustentatur; 
 
 Sitit fons perpetuus, quo coelum potatur; 
 
 Et ista quis intuens mira, non miratur? 20 
 
 Oh mira dignatio pii Salvatoris, 
 Oh vere mirifica pietas amoris; 
 Expers culpae nosceris, Iesu, flos decoris, 
 Ego tui, proh dolor ! causa sum doloris. 
 
 Ego lieu! superbio, tu humiliaris; 25 
 
 Ego culpas perpetro, tu poena mulctaris ; 
 Ego frnor dulcibus, tu felle potaris ; 
 Ego peto mollia, tu dure tractaris. 
 
188 AUCTOKES INCERTI. 
 
 V. DE NATIVITATE DOMINI. 
 
 O ter foecundas, 
 
 O ter iuciuidas 
 
 Beatae noctis delicias, 
 
 Quae suspiratas, 
 5 E coelo datas 
 
 In terris paris delicias. 
 
 Gravem primaevae 
 Ob laps tun Evae 
 
 Dum iainiam mundiis emoritur 3 
 10 In carne meus, 
 
 Ut vivat, Dens, 
 
 Sol vitae, mnndo snbontiir. 
 
 Aeterninn lumen, 
 Immensum numen 
 15 Pannonnn vinculis stringitnr; 
 
 In vili catila, 
 Exclusus aula, 
 
 Rex coeli bestiis cingitnr. 
 
 In cunis iaeet, 
 20 Et infans tacet 
 
 Verbtnn, quod loquitur omnia; 
 Sol mundi friget 
 Et flamma riget: 
 
 Quid sibi volnnt liaec omnia ? 
 
 Quod iu spelaeum 
 Depressit Denm '( 
 
 O hoc amoris tehim est! 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI. 189 
 
 Astra, valete, 
 Antra, salvete, 
 
 lam rnihi stabulum coelum est! 30 
 
 VI. IESUS ET MATER. 
 
 Parvum quando cerno Deum 
 
 Matris inter brachia, 
 Colliquescit pectus meum 
 
 Inter mille gaudia. 
 
 Gestit puer, gestit, videns 5 
 
 Tua, mater, libera : 
 Puer ille, dum subridens 
 
 Mille figit oscula. 
 
 Qualis puro in lucenti 
 
 Sol renitet aethere, 10 
 
 Talis puer in lactanti 
 
 Matris haeret ubere. 
 
 Talis mater speciosa 
 
 Pulchra est cum fllio, 
 Qualis est cum molli rosa 15 
 
 Viola cum lilio 
 
 Inter sese tot amores, 
 
 Tot alternant spicula, 
 Quot in pratis fulgent flores ? 
 
 Quot in coelo sidera. 20 
 
190 AUCTORES INCERTI. 
 
 O si una ex sagittis, 
 Dulcis o puerule, 
 
 Quas in matris pectus mittis, 
 In me cadat, lesule ! 
 
 VII. SUSPIRIUM AMORIS. 
 
 O Dens, ego amo te, 
 
 Nee amo te, ut salves me* 
 Ant quia non amantes te 
 Aeterno punis igne. 
 
 5 Tu, tu, mi Iesu, totum me 
 
 Amplexus es in cruce, 
 Tulisti clavos, lanceam, 
 Multamque ignominiam, 
 
 Innumeros dolores, 
 10 Sudores et angores, 
 
 Ac mortem, et haec propter me 3 
 Ah, pro me peccatore ! 
 
 Cur igitur non amem te, 
 O Iesu amantissime, 
 15 Non, ut in coelo salves me, 
 
 Aut ne aeternum damnes me; 
 
 Xec praemii ullius spe, 
 Sed sicut tu amasti me? 
 Sic amo et amabo te 
 20 Solum quia rex mens es. 
 
 Et solum quia Dcus es. 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI. 191 
 
 VIII. DE PASSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Ecquis binas columbinas 
 
 Alas dabit animae? 
 Ut ad almam crucis palmam 
 
 Evolet citissime, 
 In qua Iesus totus laesus, 5 
 
 Orbis desiderium, 
 
 Et immensus est suspensus, 
 Factus improperiam ! 
 
 O cor, scande; Iesu, pande 
 
 Caritatis viscera, 10 
 
 Et profunde me reconde 
 
 Intra sacra vulnera ; 
 In superna me caverna 
 
 Colloca maceriae ; 
 Hie viventi, quiescenti 15 
 
 Finis est miseriae ! 
 
 O mi Deus, amor mens! 
 
 Tune pro me pateris? 
 Proque indigno, crucis ligno, 
 
 Iesu mi, suffigeris? 20 
 
 Pro latrone, Iesu bone, 
 
 Tu in crucem tolleris? 
 Pro peccatis meis gratis, 
 
 Vita mea, moreris ? 
 
 Kon sum tanti, Iesu, quanti 25 
 
 Amor tuns aestimat; 
 Hen ! cur ego vitam dego, 
 
 Si cor te non redamat ? 
 
192 AUCTORES INCKKTI. 
 
 Benedictus sit invictus 
 30 Amor vincens omnia; 
 
 Amor fortis, tela mortis 
 Reputans ut somnia. 
 
 Iste fecit, et refecit 
 Amor, Iesu, perditnm ; 
 35 O insignis, Amor, ignis, 
 
 Cor accende frigidum ! 
 O fac vere cor ardere, 
 
 Fac me te diligere, 
 Da coniimgi, da defimgi 
 40 Tecum, Iesu, et vivere. 
 
 IX. IN RESURRECTION E DOMINI, 
 
 Pone luctum, Magdalena ! 
 
 Et serena lacrymas: 
 Non est iam Simonis coena, 
 Non, cur fletum exprimas : 
 5 Causae mille sunt laetandi, 
 
 Causae mille exultandi : 
 
 Ilalleluia ? 
 
 Sume risum, Magdalena ! 
 Frons nitescat lucida; 
 10 Demigravit omnis poena, 
 
 Lux coruscat fulgida: 
 Christus mundum liberavit, 
 Et de morte triumphavit! 
 
 Ilalleluia! 
 
AUCTOEES INCERTI. 193 
 
 Gaude, plaude, Magdalena! 15 
 
 Tumba Christus exiit ! 
 Tristis est peracta scena, 
 
 Victor mortis rediit; 
 Quern deflebas morientem, 
 Nunc arride resurgentein ! 20 
 
 Hallelaia! 
 
 Tolle vultum, Magdalena ! 
 
 Redivivnm aspice : 
 Vide, frons quam sit amoena, 
 
 Quinque plagas inspice : 25 
 
 Fulgent, sic ut margaritae, 
 Ornamenta novae vitae. 
 
 Halleluia! 
 
 Vive, vive, Magdalena! 
 
 Tua lux reversa est, 30 
 
 Gaudiis turgescat vena, 
 
 Mortis vis abstersa est ; 
 Moesti procul sunt dolores, 
 Laeti redeant amores ! 
 
 Halleluia! 35 
 
 X. PHOENIX EXSPIEANS. 
 
 Tandem audite me, 
 Sionis filiae ! 
 Aegram respieite, 
 Dilecto dicite: 
 
 T 
 
194: AUCTORES INCERTL 
 
 5 Amore vulneror, 
 
 Amore funeror. 
 
 Fulcite floribus 
 Fessam laninioribus: 
 Stipate citreis 
 10 Et malis aureis: 
 
 Nimis edacibus 
 Liquesco faeibus. 
 
 Hue odoriferos, 
 Hue soporiferos 
 15 Ramos depromite : 
 
 Rogos componite : 
 Ut phoenix moriar ? 
 In flam m is oriar! 
 
 An amor dolor sit, 
 20 An dolor amor sit, 
 
 Utrnmque neseio ! 
 Hoc nnum sentio : 
 Iucimdus dolor est, 
 Si dolor amor est. 
 
 25 Quid, amor, crucias? 
 
 A ufe r indncias ! 
 Lentus tyranmis es: 
 Momentum annus est 
 Tain tarda funera 
 
 30 Tua sunt vulnera! 
 
 Tarn vitae stamina 
 Jtumpe, O anima! 
 
AUCT0RES INCERTT. 195 
 
 Ignis ascendere 
 
 Gestit, et tendcre 
 
 Ad coeli atria : 35 
 
 Haec mea patria ! 
 
 XI. DE CRUCE. 
 
 Crux ave benedicta, 
 Per te mors est devicta, 
 In te dependit Deus, 
 Rex et Salvator mens. 
 
 Tu arborura regina, 5 
 
 Salutis medicina, 
 Pressorum es levamen, 
 Et tristium solamen. 
 
 O sacrosanctum lignum, 
 
 Tu vitae nostrae signum, 10 
 
 Tulisti fructum Iesum, 
 
 Humani cordis esum. 
 
 Duih crucis inimicos 
 
 Vocabis et amicos, 
 
 O Iesu, fill Dei, 15 
 
 Sis, oro, rnemor mei ! 
 
196 AUCTORES INCEKTI. 
 
 XII. DE RESURRECTIONEo 
 
 Plaudite coeli, 
 Eideat aether, 
 Summus et imus 
 Gaudeat orbis ! 
 5 Transivit atrae 
 
 Turba proeellae: 
 Subiit almae 
 Gloria palinae! 
 
 Surgite verni, 
 10 Surgite flores, 
 
 Germina pictis 
 Surgite campis, 
 Teueris mixtae 
 Viol is rosae, 
 15 Candida sparsis 
 
 Lilia calthis! 
 
 Currite plenis, 
 Carmina, venis! 
 Fundite laetum, 
 20 Barbytha, metrums 
 
 Namque revixit, 
 Sicuti dixit, 
 Pins illaesus 
 Fnnere Iesus ! 
 
 25 Plaudite montes, 
 
 Ludite fontes; 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI. 197 
 
 Resonent valles, 
 
 Repetunt colles: 
 
 " Io revixit, 
 
 Sicuti dixit, 30 
 
 Pius illaesus 
 
 Funere Iesus." 
 
 XIII. DE S. IOANNE EVANGELISTA. 
 
 Verbuni Dei, Deo natum, 
 
 Quod nee factum, nee creatum, 
 
 Venit de coelestibus, 
 Hoc vidit, hoc attrectavit, 
 Hoc de coelo reseravit 
 
 Ioannes hominibus. 
 
 Inter illos primitivos 
 Veros veri fontis rivos 
 
 Ioannes exsiliit; 
 Toti mnndo propinare 10 
 
 Xectar illud salutare, 
 
 Quod de throno prodiit. 
 
 Coelum transit, veri rotam 
 Solis vidit, ibi totani 
 
 Mentis figens aciem ; ig 
 
 Speculator spiritalis 
 Quasi Serapliim sub alis 
 
 Dei vidit faciem. 
 
198 AUCTORKS INCEKTL 
 
 Audiit in gyro sedis 
 20 Quid psallaiit cum citliaroedis 
 
 Quater seni proceres : 
 De sigillo Trinitatis 
 Xostrae nuramo civitatis 
 Impressit charactered. 
 
 25 Volat avis sine meta 
 
 Quo nee vates nee propheta 
 
 Evolavit altius: 
 Tarn implenda, quam impleta 5 
 Nunquam vidit tot secreta 
 
 30 Purus homo purine. 
 
 Sponsus rubra veste tectus, 
 Visus, sed non intellectus, 
 
 Redit ad palatium : 
 Aquilam Ezeehielis 
 35 Sponsae misit, quae de eoelis 
 
 Referret mysterium. 
 
 Die, dileete, de Dilecto=, 
 Qualis sit et ex Dilecto 
 Sponsus sponsae nuneia: 
 40 Die quis eibns angelorum, 
 
 Quae sint festa superorum 
 De sponsi praesentia 
 
 Veri pauem intellcctus, 
 Coenam Christi Biiper pectus 
 45 Christi Biimptam resera: 
 
AUCTOKES INCERTI. 199 
 
 Ut can tern us de Patron o, 
 Coram Agno, coram throno, 
 Laudes super aethera. 
 
 XIV. DE INCARNATIONS DOMINI. 
 
 Arte mira, miro consilio 
 Quaerens ovem suam summus opilio, 
 Ut nos revocaret ab exilio 
 Locutus est nobis in filio ; 
 
 Qui nostrae sortis unicam 5 
 
 Sine sorde tnnicam 
 Pngnatnrus induit, 
 Quam pnellae texuit 
 Th alamo Paraelitus. 
 
 XV. DE PASSIONE. 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, spes pauperis, 
 
 Qui semper ades miseris, 
 
 Ad te miser confugio, 
 
 Quern tota mente sitio, 
 
 Ad te Deum, quern diligo, 5 
 
 Vocem geinentem diri^ro, 
 
 Te vox requiret flebilis, 
 
 Te mens adoret humilis. 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, nil dulcius, 
 
 Nil est vere iocimdios, 10 
 
200 AUCTORES INCKKTI. 
 
 Quani frequenter rcvolvere, 
 Poenas tuas recurrere. 
 Mortis tuae memoria 
 Pigmenta vincit omnia, 
 15 Myrrham et thus, cmnamomum, 
 
 Nardiim, crocum et balsamum. 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, quid feceras? 
 Nunquam crucem merueras, 
 Quod tu luis, nos feeimus, 
 20 Quod tu bibis, nos meruimus; 
 
 Nos ex Adam propagine, 
 Tu te pudica virgine, 
 Ortu reatum traximus, 
 Ortu manes purissimus. 
 
 25 Dulcis Iesu, quod pateris, 
 
 Tot u m fuit pro miseris, 
 Quos in tyranni carcere 
 Poenas videbas lucre, 
 Te non poenae neeessitas, 
 
 30 Sed gratiarum largitas 
 
 Fecit pati patibulum, 
 Gustare mortis poculum. 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, me respice, 
 Votum rei non despice, 
 
 35 Qui totus es poenis datns 
 
 Clavis manus, plaga latus 
 Foedis sputis est illitum, 
 Spinis capul est obsitum, 
 Vultus dulcis conspuitur, 
 
 40 Collum eolaphis caeditur. 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI. 201 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, doctor pie, 
 
 Sanctus liquor, ros gratiae 
 
 Fluxit cle tuo latere, 
 
 Fluxit de tuo vulnere, 
 
 Remissionis pretium, 45 
 
 Salvationis praemium 
 
 Fluxit de tuis manibus, 
 
 Fluxit de tuis pedibus. 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, qui proditus, 
 
 Qui tractus es, qui venditus, 50 
 
 Qui per zelus gentis trucis 
 
 Es affixus ligno crucis : 
 
 Qui vulneratus cuspide, 
 
 Qui clausus es sub lapide, 
 
 Qui victor adis aethera, 55 
 
 Salvare nos accelera. 
 
 Dulcis Iesu, parcens reo, 
 
 Infer iubar cordi meo, 
 
 Qui me cruore roseo 
 
 Lotum redemisti Deo, 60 
 
 Virtus Patri, laus Genito, 
 
 Sancto decus Paraclito, 
 
 Sit solis tribus gloria 
 
 Per secla metae nescia. 
 
 XVI. IN ASCENSIONE DOMINI. 
 
 Coelos ascendit hodie 
 Iesus Christus, rex gloriae, 
 12 
 
202 AUCTORES INCERTI. 
 
 Sedet ad Patris dexterain, 
 Gubernat coeluin ct terrain, 
 
 5 lam finem liabent omnia 
 
 Patris Davidis carmina. 
 
 lam Dominus cum Domino 
 Sedet in Dei solio. 
 
 Ascensionis Domino 
 10 Benedieamus Domino. 
 
 Laudetur Sancta Trinitas, 
 Deo dieamus gratias. 
 
 XVII. IN SEPTUAGESIMA. 
 
 Alleluia piis edite laudibus, 
 Cives aetherei, psallite suaviter 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 Ilinc vos perpetni luminis aceolas 
 5 Assumet resonans hymniferis clioris 
 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 Vos urbs eximia suscipiet Dei, 
 Quae laetis resonans cantibus excitat 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 10 Feliei reditu gandia sumite, 
 
 Reddentes Domino glorificum melos 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
AUCTORES ESfCERTl. 203 
 
 Almum sidereae iam patriae decus 
 Victores capitis, quo eanor est iugis 
 
 Alleluia peremie. 15 
 
 Illine regis honor vocibns inclytis 
 Iocundo reboat laetoque carmine 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 Hoc fessis requies, hoc cibus et potus, 
 Oblectans reduces, haustibus affluens, 20 
 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 Xos te suavisonis conditor affatim 
 Eerum carminibus laudeque pangimus 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 Te, Christe, celebrat gloria vocibns 25 
 
 Kostris omnipotens ac tibi dicimus 
 Alleluia perenne. 
 
 XVIII. IN SEPTUAGESIMA. 
 
 Cantemus cuncti melodum 
 Nunc alleluia. 
 
 In laudibus aeterni regis 
 
 Haec plebs resultet alleluia. 
 
 Hoc denique coelestes chori 
 Cantant in altum alleluia. 
 
204 AUCTORES INCERTL 
 
 Hoc bcatorum 
 
 Per prata paradisiaca 
 
 Psallat conceutus alleluia. 
 
 10 Quin et astrorum 
 Micantia luminaria 
 
 Iubilant altum alleluia. 
 
 Nubium cursus, veiitorutn volatus, 
 Fulgurum coruscatio, et tonitru 
 15 Dulce consonant simul alleluia. 
 
 Fluctus et undae, imber et procellae, 
 
 Tempestas, et serenitas, cauma, gelu, nix, pruinae, 
 Saltus, nemora pangant alleluia. 
 
 Hinc, variae volucie^, creatorem 
 20 Laudibus concinite cum alleluia. 
 
 Ast illinc respondeant voces altae 
 Diversarum bestiarum alleluia. 
 
 Istinc montium celsi vertices 
 Sonent alleluia. 
 
 25 Illinc vallium prof unditates 
 Saltent alleluia. 
 
 Tu cjuoque, maris 
 
 Iubilans abyssc, die alleluia. 
 
 Nee non terrarum 
 30 Molis immensitates, alleluia. 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI. 205 
 
 Nunc omne genus humannm laudans 
 Exultet alleluia. 
 
 Et creatori grates frequentans 
 Consonet alleluia. 
 
 Hoc denique liomen audire ingiter 35 
 
 Delectatur alleluia. 
 
 Hoc etiam carmen coeleste comprobac 
 Ipse Christus alleluia. 
 
 Nunc vos, O socii, cantate laetantes 
 
 Alleluia. 40 
 
 Et vos, puenili, respondete semper 
 Alleluia. 
 
 Nunc omnes canite simul 
 Alleluia Domino, 
 
 Alleluia Christo, 45 
 
 Pneumatique alleluia. 
 
 Laus Trinitati aeternae, alleluia, alleluia, 
 Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia, alleluia. 
 
 XIX. ALLELUIA. 
 
 Alleluia, dulce carmen, 
 Vox perennis gaudii, 
 Alleluia vox suavis 
 
206 AUCTOKES INCERTT. 
 
 Est elioris coelestibus, 
 5 Quam cammt Dei manentes 
 
 In donio per saecula. 
 
 Alleluia, laeta mater 
 Concivis {lierusalein, 
 
 Alleluia vox tuoruin 
 10 Civiuni gandeutinm, 
 
 Exsules nos Here eogunt 
 Babvlonis fluuiina. 
 
 Alleluia non meremur 
 Nunc perenne psallere, 
 15 Alleluia nos reatus 
 
 Cogit intermittere ; 
 Tempus instat, quo peracta 
 Lugeamus crimina. 
 
 Unde laudando preeamnr 
 20 Te, beata Trinitas, 
 
 Ut tuum nobis videre 
 Pascha des in aethere, 
 Quo tibi laeti canainus 
 Alleluia iugiter! 
 
 XX. IIYMNUS PASCIIALTSo 
 
 O filii et filiae, 
 
 Rex coelestis, rex gloriae 
 
 Morte Biirrexit hodie. Alleluia. 
 
AUCTORES INCERTT. 207 
 
 Et mane prima Sabbati 
 Ad ostium raonumenti 
 Accesserunt discipuli. Alleluia. 
 
 Et Maria Magdalene, 
 
 Et Iacobi, et Salome 
 
 Venerunt corpus ungere. Alleluia. 
 
 In albis sedens angelus 10 
 
 Praedixit mulieribus: 
 
 In Galilea est Dominus. Alleluia. 
 
 Et loannes apostolus 
 
 Cucurrit Petro citius, 
 
 Monumento venit prius. Alleluia. 15 
 
 Discipulis astantibus, 
 
 In medio stetit Christus, 
 
 Dicens : Pax vobis omnibus. Alleluia. 
 
 Ut intellexit Didymus 
 
 Quia surrexerat Iesus, 20 
 
 Kemansit fere dubius. Alleluia. 
 
 Vide, Thorn a, vide latus, 
 Vide pedes, vide manus, 
 Noli esse ineredulus. Alleluia. 
 
 Quando Thomas vidit Christum, 25 
 
 Pedes, manus, latus suum, 
 
 Dixit : Tu es Deus mens. Alleluia. 
 
208 AUCTORES INCERTI. 
 
 Beati qui non viderunt 
 Et firmiter erediderunt ; 
 SO Vitam aeternam habebunt. Alleluia. 
 
 In hoc festo sanctissimo 
 Sit laus et inbilatio : 
 Benedicamus Domino. Alleluia. 
 
 Ex quibus nos humillimas 
 35 Devotas atque debitas 
 
 Deo dicamus gratias. Alleluia. 
 
 XXI. IN DEDICATIONE ECCLESIAE. 
 
 Urbs beata Iernsalem dicta paeis visio, 
 
 Quae construitur in coelis vivis ex lapidibus, 
 Et angelis coronata, velut sponsa nobilis. 
 
 Xova veniens a coelo, nuptiali thalamo 
 5 Praeparata, ut sponsata copuletur Domino ; 
 Plateae et muri eius ex auro purissimo. 
 
 Portae nitent margaritis, adytis patentibus; 
 
 Et virtute meritorum illuc introducitur 
 
 Omnis, qui ob Christi nomen hoc in mundo premitur, 
 
 10 Tunsionibus, pressuris expoliti lapides 
 Suis coaptantur locis per manum artificis, 
 Disponuntur permansuri sacris aedificiis. 
 
AUCT0RES INCERTI. 209 
 
 Angulare fundamentum lapis Christus missus est, 
 Qui compage parietum in utroqne neetitur. 
 Quern Sion sancta suscepit, in quo credens perma- 15 
 net. 
 
 Omnis ilia Deo sacra et dilecta civitas, 
 Plena modulis et laucle et canore jubilo, 
 Trinum Deum nnieumque cum favore praedicat. 
 
 Hoc in templo, summe Deus, exoratus adveni, 
 
 Et dementi bonitate precum vota suscipe ; 20 
 
 Largam benedictionem hie infunde ingiter. 
 
 Hie promereantur omnes petita accipere, 
 Et adepta possidere cum Sanctis perenniter, 
 Paradisum introire, translati in requiem. 
 
XXXV. 
 MARIA, SCOTIAE REGINA, 
 
 O Domine Deus! 
 Speravi in te; 
 O care mi Iesu ! 
 Nunc libera me: 
 5 In dura catena, 
 
 In misera poena 
 Desidero te ; 
 Languendo, gemendo P 
 Et genuflectendo 
 10 Adoro, imploro, 
 
 Ut liberes me! 
 
XXXVI. 
 MARTINUS LUTHERUS 
 
 ET 
 
 PHILIPPUS C. BUTTMANN 
 
 PSALMUS, DEUS N0STER REFUGIUM ET VIRTUS. 
 (EIN FESTE BURG 1ST UNSER GOTT.) 
 
 Arx firma Dens noster est, 
 Is telum, quo nitaraur; 
 Is explicat ex omnibus 
 Queis inalis implicamur. 
 
 Nam cui semper mos, 5 
 
 lam ter terret nos ; 
 
 Per astum, per vim, 
 
 Saevam levat sitim ; 
 
 Nil par in terris illi, 
 
 In nobis nihil situm est, 10 
 
 Quo minus pereamus: 
 Quern Deus ducem posuit, 
 Is facit ut vivamus. 
 
212 MARTINIS LUTHERU6 ET PHILIPPUS C. BUTTMANN. 
 
 Scin' quis hoc potest? 
 15 Iesus Christus est, 
 
 Qui, dux coelitum, 
 Non habet aemulum ; 
 Is vicerit profecto. 
 
 Sit mundus plenus daemonum, 
 20 Nos cupiant vorare ; 
 
 Non tiraor est; victoria 
 Nil potest nos frustrare. 
 Hem dux saeculi ! 
 Invitus abi ! 
 25 In nos nil potes, 
 
 lam iudicatus es 
 
 Vel vocula te sternat. 
 
 Hoc verbum non pessumdabuni 
 Nee gratiam merebunt; 
 30 In nobis Cliristi spiritus 
 
 Et munera vigebunt: 
 Tollant corpus, rem, 
 Mundique omnem spem : 
 Tollant! iubilent I 
 35 Non lucrum hinc ferent; 
 
 Manebit regnum nobis 
 
XXXVII 
 AUGUSTUS M. TOPLADY 
 
 ET 
 
 W. E. GLADSTONE. 
 
 EOCK OF AGES, CLEFT FOE ME. 
 
 Iesus, pro me perforatus, 
 Conclar intra tuum latus, 
 Tu per lvmpham profluentem, 
 Tu per sanguinem tepentem, 
 In peccata mi redunda, 
 Tolle culpam, sordes munda. 
 
 Coram te nee iustus forem, 
 
 Quamvis tota vi laborem, 
 
 Nee si fide nunquam cesso, 
 
 Fletu stillans indefesso : 10 
 
 Tibi soli tantum mumis; 
 
 Salva me, Salvator unus! 
 
214 AUGUSTUS M. TOPLADV ET W. E. GLADSTONE, 
 
 Nil in nianu niecuni fero, 
 
 Sed me versus erneem gero; 
 15 Vestimenta nudus ore, 
 
 Openi debilis imploro; 
 Fontem Christi quaero immundus ; 
 Nisi laves, moribundus. 
 
 Dum hos artns vita regit; 
 20 Quando nox sepulchro tegit; 
 
 Mortuos cum stare iubes, 
 Sedens index inter nubes; 
 Iesns, pro me perforatus, 
 Condar intra tiium latus* 
 
NOTES. 
 
NOTE S. 
 
 I. HILARIUS PICTAYIENSIS. 
 
 Life.— Hilarius, or Hilary, was born at Pictavium, now Poic- 
 tiers, in France. The date of his birth is not known. He was 
 of heathen family, but was early converted, and became bishop 
 of Poictiers in 853. He was one of the foremost men of his age, 
 both in personal and literary influence. He was a zealous cham- 
 pion of the Athanasian view of the Trinity, and his Arian oppo- 
 nents prevailed on the Emperor Constantius to banish him to 
 Phrygia, 356. He remained four years, and then returned to his 
 see, and continued in active labor till his death in 368. While 
 in the East, he observed the influence of the hymns sung in the 
 Arian churches, and when he returned he introduced similar 
 singing to the churches of the West. He has been called the 
 father of Western hymnology. He made a collection of spiritual 
 songs, with the title Liber Mysteriorum, mentioned by Jerome 
 (Catal. vir. illustr., c. 100), but now lost. He is named with Am- 
 brose by the Council of Toledo (iv., 13) as one who had composed 
 songs for the Church in praise of God and to the honor of the 
 apostles and martyrs. The Glorkc in excehis was ascribed to him 
 by Alcuin and others, and he may have translated and intro- 
 duced it. His biographer, Fortunatus, distinctly specifies as his 
 the morning hymn with which our collection begins. His claim 
 to others which are ascribed to him is less clear. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 This hymn is mentioned by Fortunatus, the biographer of Hi- 
 larius. In the Benedictine edition of the works of Hilarius, Ye- 
 ronae, 1730, fol. ii., p. 530, it is given as the hymn referred to in a 
 letter to his daughter Abra, about the end of the year 358, in which 
 he savs, u Interim tibi hymnum matutinum et serotinum misi, ut 
 
 K 
 
218 NOTES. 
 
 memor mei semper sis/' It is in many old collections, and in 
 Daniel's Thesaurus, 1,1; Wackernagel, 1, 11. There are several 
 translations into German: Konigsfeld, 1, 2, Bienengraber ; and in 
 English : Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 91. 
 
 The Theme is Erat vera lux, quae illuminat omnem hominem 
 venientem in hunc nnmdum, John i., 9. Ego sum lux mundi ; qui 
 sequitur me, non ambulat in tenebris, sed habebit lumen vitae, 
 John viii., 12. 
 
 Line 1. Splendide: Many copies read optime, which has crept 
 in from the Ambrosian hymn, p. 36. — 2. Sercno: Some read ser- 
 monis, referring to Genesis i., 3. — 4. Refusus: Some read refufow, 
 losing the suggestion of an inundation poured forth and over- 
 spreading the world. — 5. Lucifer : God-Christ is here addressed 
 as the true liglit-lringer, in distinction from the planet Venus. 
 Such etymological turns are common in the hymns. Lucifer is a 
 familiar epithet of John the Baptist in the early Church, as well 
 as of the " Son of the morning, 71 mentioned in Isaiah xiv., 12, 13, 
 who sought to usurp the place of the true Sun, rather than to go 
 before him. This description of the King of Babylon was ap- 
 plied by Tertullian and others to Satan, and the mistake has led 
 to the present meanings of Lucifer. See Webster's Dictionary. — 
 6. Sideris : the sun, governed by lucis. Some editors have 
 changed parvi sideris to parvus oritur, ajidfulget tofulgens.-*-10* 
 Ipse: thyself light and perfect day. — 13. Rerum Conditor : John 
 i., 3—14. Paternae gloria: John i., 14; Heb.i., 3. — 15. Gratia: 
 ablative absolute to denote the time of patescunt. Some read ad 
 it a turn gratiae; others amota and pavescunt, which Mrs. Charles 
 translates : 
 
 ''The fears of whose removed grace 
 Our hearts with direst dread appal." 
 
 A German manuscript has as the fifth stanza : 
 
 "Tuaquc sancta dextera 
 Tuere nos per saecula 
 Post huius vitae terminum 
 Vitam perennem tribue." 
 
 19. Rapientis: Satan. Lupus rapit wes, .John w, 12. — 20. No 
 patescant : optative subjunctive, A. and G.. 57, 4; EL, 488, 3. 
 
HILARIUS, 2-3. 219 
 
 It has corpora understood for its subject, with which ple:%a and 
 gestantia agree: fraudibus is the dative after patescant ; compare 
 that after cedo, H., 384, 1 ; A. and G., 51, 1, 2. Some read for tuo- 
 que, tu quoque, and for patescant, patescat. — 21. Seculis i. e., secu- 
 lar es, secular employments.— 24. Legibus : in accordance with, 
 H., 414, 2 ; A. and G., 54, 9 ; G., 398.-27. 1 Cor. lit, 16 ; vi., 19.— 
 31. Ut sit: subjunctive in a subject clause, appositive with haec; 
 H., 495, 3 ; A. and G., 70, 4, f. Compare G., 546.-32. Into the 
 care of night, through the day. 
 
 Worthy to be coupled with Hilary's hymn are these rhythms 
 of Bacon : 
 
 ''The first creature of God in the works of the days was the light of 
 the sen e; 
 the last was the light of reason ; 
 
 and his Sabbath work ever since is the illumination of his Spirit. 
 First he breatheth light upon the face of matter, or chaos ; 
 then he breatheth light into the face of man ; 
 
 and still he breatheth and inspireth light into the face of his chosen." 
 
 Essay on Truth. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 This hymn is in Daniel's Thesaurus, 1,2; Konigsfeld, 2, 2. 
 
 Theme. Thou that nearest prayer, in the morning will we di- 
 rect our prayers unto thee. 
 
 Lilies 1-4. The doctrine of the Trinity is emphasized in this 
 stanza. — 17. The meter needs another syllable. Supply Et be- 
 fore Diem. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 From an abecedary of twenty -four stanzas: Mone, 1, 387; 
 Wackernagel, 1, 12. It is mentioned in the edition of Hilarius 
 referred to in the first note on Hymn I., as perhaps the evening 
 hymn — hymnus serotinus — sent with Hymn I. to his daughter 
 Abra. It is also interesting for its meter. 
 
 Theme. 1-4, 1 am not worthy to lift up mine eyes unto heaven. 
 4-8, I have left undone that which I ought to have done, I have 
 clone that which I ought not to have done, 9-16, and there is no 
 help in me. 17-24, Lord, I believe, help thou mine unbelief. 
 25-32, I hate them that hate thee. 
 
220 NOTES. 
 
 Lino 15. Pietas: See piissime, note on Hymn IV., line 17. — 
 23. Rogatiya, prayed for; not in Andrews's Latin Dictionary, 
 but regularly formed on the supine rogatum with the passive 
 sense; II., 828, 5. — 30. Arrium: a variation of Arms (Apeiog). 
 This verse and the one before it are characteristic of the polemic 
 side of the times of Hilary. Anus was to him the arch-heretic. 
 He was born at Cyrene, Africa, shortly after the middle of the 
 third century. He denied that the Son is coeternal and coessen- 
 tial with the Father. — Sabellius, also a native of Africa, a teacher 
 at Ptolemais, and cotemporary with Anus, considered the Son 
 and Holy Ghost to be different manifestations of God, but not 
 separate persons. — Tmnuin for liymnum ("Yfivoe), to bring in y; 
 so Xriste for Christie (xpKjrog), line 25. — 31 . Simoni ? Simon Magus ; 
 Acts viii. See Simony, in Webster. Sabellius is a dog, Simon a 
 swine. — 33. Zelatus sum, deponent, / have loved zeal; so zelutus 
 est Dominus terrain suam, Joel ii., 18. — 34. Paraclito, Paracleto 
 (YlapaK\i]Toc), Greek rj beginning to sound like Latin i. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 This is in Stephenson's Latin Hymns of the Anglo-Saxon 
 Church, 93; Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 6 ; Mone, 1, 241 ; Wackerna- 
 gel, 1, 55. It is attributed to Hilarius by Daniel and older edit- 
 ors. The rhymes and the accentual feet bespeak a much later 
 date for the form here given. 
 
 Theme, Acts ii., the Pentecost, See the note on circulo, line 15. 
 
 Line 1. Beata gaudia, times of Messed joy. Mone would 
 read tempora for gaudia ; beata tempora occurs in a similar Pente- 
 costal hymn attributed to Ambrose. — 4. Illapsus: Old copies 
 read effulsit in discipuhs. — 0. .Figurant: the object of wbrante. 
 —7. U1 essent: This clause is the direct object of detulit, H., 558, 
 1, G. The accusative with the infinitive would be the more com- 
 mon construction; but here future time is involved in essent. 
 Compare the English : signified that the disciples should, be ; and 
 the Anglo-Saxon : M., 425, <7.— 9. Lilians loquuiitur omnium: 
 This line is in the hymn of Ambrose referred to above, line 1. — 
 13. Mystice, according to the holy sign, or figure of the old 
 Jewish jubilee. — 1 4. Paschae, l^ixfn-; E&strewas a heathen god- 
 dess. Her leasts were celebrated in April, which was called from 
 
DAMASUS, 6. 221 
 
 her Edstermonad. The name is akin to east, Lat. aurora. The 
 festival commemorating the resurrection of Christ has in English 
 and German received this name, but other kindred nations use 
 Pt'.seJia. M., A. -Sax. Reader, p. 78. — 15. Circulo : Some read nu- 
 ■mero. Fifty was the sacred circle of years from jubilee to jubilee, 
 when freedom or remission of debts and slavery came ; so the 
 Pentecostal outpouring of the Holy Spirit w as fifty days after the 
 passover. — 17. Piissime, kindest, gentlest. Pius, used at first for 
 love to parents, as in Pius Aeneas, later passed to the correspond- 
 ing love and solicitude of parents. It was used as an epithet of 
 the Roman emperors after M. Antoninus. It carries with it, when 
 applied to God, something of its associations with imjjerial clem- 
 ency. It is a favorite word in the hymns. 
 
 "Mothers are kind because Thou art." — George Herbert. 
 
 18. Cernuo: Some put a comma after cernuo, and read largire 
 as an infinitive. — 23. Dimitte, forgive, as a debt, — 21. Quieta, 
 full of rest from sin. Inswper et caro mea requiescet in sj)e. Acts 
 ii., 26. 
 
 II. DAMASUS. 
 
 Life. — Damasus, pope, was of a Spanish family, but appears to 
 have been born in Rome, 306. His father was a priest of the 
 Church of St. Lawrence in Rome, and Damasus served during his 
 early life in the same church. He was chosen bishop of Rome in 
 386. Jerome was for a time his secretary. He calls him an in- 
 comparable person, learned in the Scriptures. Theodoret places 
 him at the head of the famous doctors of the Latin Church. He 
 adorned the cemeteries of the saints with epitaphs in verse, of 
 which about forty are extant. His divine poems are often cele- 
 brated along with his singular learning and piety. He has been 
 called the inventor of rhyme, but without satisfactory evidence. 
 He died December 10, 384. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 This hymn is in Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 9, and it is found in the 
 editions of the works of Damasus, and in collections of hymns. 
 
222 NOTES. 
 
 It is here given partly for its meter, which is unusual, though 
 very graceful. It is used by Prudentius, for whom see page 51, 
 and by an unknown author of much skill in versification, from 
 whom Mone gives two hymns (1, 135, 31). The rhyme is now 
 believed to indicate a later date than that of Damasus, but the 
 adherence to classical quantity and other tests of age indicate a 
 time not much later. 
 
 Theme. St. Agatha, Virgin and Martyr. 
 
 Line 1. Martyris . . . Agathae: Palermo and Catana, in Sicily, 
 claim to have been her birthplace. It is agreed that her martyr- 
 dom was at Catana, in the persecution of Decius, A.D. 251. She 
 holds an honored place in all the martyrologies of the Latins and 
 Greeks. Her day is February 5. — 3. Qua die. — 4. Duplex : of 
 virgin and of martyr. — 5. Stirpe : supply erat. " She was of a rich 
 and illustrious family." Her beauty and wealth attracted Quinti- 
 anus, a man of consular dignity, and he tried to gain her person and 
 estate by means of the edict against Christians. — 6. Actibus . . . : 
 " She had been consecrated to God from her tender years. 1 ' In the 
 hands of her persecutor she made this prayer : " Jesus Christ, 
 Lord of all, you see my heart, you know my desire. Possess 
 alone all that I am. I am your sheep. 1 ' — 9. Tiris s ablative after 
 fortior; que connects the verses. After a month of temptation 
 in the house of Aphrodisia, a most wicked woman, Quintianus 
 ordered her to be stretched on the rack, with stripes, tearing 
 her sides with iron hooks, and burning them with torches. — 
 11. Pectore: The governor, enraged to see her bear all with 
 cheerfulness, commanded her breast to be tortured and afterward 
 to be cut off, at which she said : Impie, crudelis et dire tyranne, non 
 es co?ifusus amputare in femina, quod ipse in rnatre mzi&ti. — 12. 
 PatulOj plainly; quam valido pectore fuerit, of how stout a heart 
 she was. — 13. She was remanded to prison, and there the apostle 
 Peter appeared to her in vision, comforted her, healed all her 
 wounds, and filled her dungeon with a heavenly light. — 15. Fla- 
 grans, Ardent^ for martyrdom. — 10. Flagella currere, to run 
 a gauntlet; German, spitzruthm layfen; here figurative p<tss<<l 
 through all torments. She was rolled over Live coals mixed with 
 potsherds, then thanking God who had given her patience to suf- 
 fer, " she sweetly gave up the ghost,' 1 — 17. Ethuica, heathen. 
 
AMBROSIUS, 8. 223 
 
 It has been thought a mistake for JEtnaea, belonging to Mount 
 iEtna. The Romish authors relate the turning aside of the tor- 
 rent of fire from iEtna and the saving of Catana by the aid of St. 
 Agatha's veil ; rogumfxgiens^ee'mg death. — 18, Hums, Agatha; 
 ipsa, turba. — 19, Quos, his, Christians, the faithful, contrasted 
 with the heathen crowd. — 20. Ipsa, Agatha ; Venerem premat, ex- 
 tinguish lust, whose flames are worse than those of iEtna ; opta- 
 tive subjunctive. — 21, Renitens, struggling, wrestling; others 
 read renidens, " radiant as a bride of heaven." — 22. For Domino, 
 some read Damaso ; and for supplica, rogita. — 24. Se : as he, 
 Christ, may favor those worshiping himself, like Agatha. — 25. 
 The last stanza has perhaps been added in later times. — 28. 
 Hanc, Agatha. 
 
 III. AMBROSIUS et AMBROSIANI. 
 
 Life. — St. Ambrose was born about 340, probably at Treves in 
 Gaul. His father was prefect of Gaul. He began his career as 
 an advocate at Milan, and rose to be consular prefect of Liguria, 
 370. On the death of the bishop Auxentius there was a fierce 
 contest between the Arians and Catholics. While Ambrose was 
 trying to repress the tumult, a child cried out in the assembly, 
 "Let Ambrose be bishop." He was a layman, but finally accept- 
 ed the office, 374. He vigorously opposed the Arians. He re- 
 fused to yield up churches for their use. The imperial troops be- 
 sieged the people in the church at Milan. Then, it is said, was 
 first introduced into the Western Church the responsive chanting 
 of hymns. Doctrinal hymns of Ambrose resounded through the 
 city. He died in 397, after a life of great controversial influence, 
 and an authority which he used against the emperors themselves. 
 See the account of his treatment of Theodosius in the classical 
 dictionaries. 
 
 There is a large body of hymns current under the name of Am- 
 brosian, but only a few of them are known to be his. Tbe name 
 was freely given to all hymns thought to be in his manner. 
 Twelve are pointed out with some confidence as his. They are 
 almost all the simplest thoughts in the simplest forms of meter, 
 
224 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 the voice of the whole Church. For further interesting particu- 
 lars, see Mrs. Charles's Christian Life in Song, chap. y. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel. 1,15 Wackernagel, 1, 16; Trench, 243. There are 
 many translations; Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p .90 ; 
 Hymns of the Ages, p. G. Augustine, the contemporary of Am- 
 brose, distinctly ascribes this hymn to him. Retract 1 21 ■ 
 Trench, 243. 
 
 Theme. Thoughts at cock-crowing. Similar thoughts are ex- 
 pressed in prose by Ambrose. Hexaem., xxiv., 88. 
 
 Galli cantus . . . et dormientem excitat, et sollicitum admonet, et vinntem 
 solatur, processum noctis canora signification protestans. Hoc canente 
 latro suas relinquit insidias ; hoc ipse lucifer excitatas oritur, coelumque 
 ffluminat; hoc canente moestitiam trepidus nauta deponit; omnisque 
 crebro vespertinis flatibns excitata tempestas et procella mitescit ; . . . 
 hoc postrerao canente ipsa Ecclesiae Petra culpam suam diluit etc 
 Trench, 243. 
 
 Line 1. Conditor, a frequent word for Creator, especially in 
 Gregory the Great. It suggests plan and framing.— 3. " With or- 
 dered times dividing times."— 7. His crowing marks the hours 
 for travelers in the night, as the sun does in the day.— 8. Soctem 
 a nocte, separating the night into parts.— 0. Lucifer : this the 
 lovers of allegory interpreted of Christ, making John the Bap- 
 tist the praeco.— 11. Errorum: Trench reads emmum, and com- 
 pares a stanza of Prudentius: 
 
 "Fernnt vagantes daemones 
 
 Laetos tenebris noctium, 
 
 Gallo canente exterritos 
 
 Sparsim timere et cedere." 
 Compare Hamlet, 1, 1.— 15. Matthew xxvi., 75 ; xvi., 18 ; yet Am- 
 brose says: Fides ergo est Ecclesiae fnndanicntum : non enim de 
 came Petri, sed de fide dictum est, quia portae mortis ei non 
 praevalebunt. Incarn. Dom., 5; Trench, 244.— 17. Suramins: 
 the cock became in the Middle Ages the standing emblem of a 
 preacher. As the lion was said to be unable to withstand the 
 crowing of the cock, so Satan, the roaring lion, tied preaching. 
 Ambrose, Hexaem vi.,4. As the cock rouses himself by clapping 
 
AMBROSIUS, 9-11. 225 
 
 his wings on his own sides before he rouses others, so the preach- 
 er. Gregory; Trench, 245.— 20. In allusion to Peter. — 26. In al- 
 lusion to Luke xxii., 61 : And the Lord turned and looked upon 
 Peter. — 28. Luke xxii., G2. — 32. Et ore, some read : Et vota sol- 
 
 yamus tibi. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1,17; Mone, 1, 381 ; Wackernagel, 1, 15 ; it is refer- 
 red to by Augustine, Confess., ix., 12. See Mrs. Charles's Christian 
 Life in Song, page 85, where the affecting passage from Augus- 
 tine is given, describing the remembrance of the verses as he was 
 alone in his bed on the morning after his mother's burial. The 
 translation of the whole hymn, which is there promised, I do not 
 rind in my edition — New York, Carter & Brothers, 1867. 
 
 Theme. Thanks and prayer to the giver and guardian of sleep. 
 
 Line 2, Testiens gratia soporis 5 a felicitous expression not 
 easily imitated. " Blessed be he that invented sleep. It wraps 
 a man up like a blanket," said Sancho Panza. 
 
 "Maker of all, the Lord 
 
 And Ruler of the height, 
 Who, robing day in light, hast poured 
 
 Soft slumbers o'er the night, 
 That to our limbs the power 
 
 Of toil may be renewed, 
 And hearts be raised that sink and cower, 
 
 And sorrows be subdued;". . . — Parker's Aug.Conj. 
 
 11. Yotis, ablative of accompaniment. Others read wti reos, 
 those bound by vow\ — 26. Alta 5 depths, subject of somnient. — 
 31-32. Uimin, adv. ; some read unus; potens Trinitas, vocative. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 24; Mone, 1, 373; Wackernagel, 1, 13; Grimm, iii. ; 
 and elsewhere. 
 
 Theme. God-Christ the light of the world. 
 
 Line 1. Compare Hilary, page 1, line 14, and so other pas- 
 sages. — 5. Illabere, imperat.; Hilary, page 5, line 4.— 18. Casto, 
 Castam (Mon e) . O th ers read : 
 
 " Sit pura nobis castitas." 
 
 K 2 
 
226 NOTES. 
 
 23. Sobriam ebrietatem : the expression is in Augustine, Senno 
 34. 2. Deus de vino invisibili inebriet nos (Augustine in evang. 
 John i., 8, § 3). Christ is the vine and wine as well as the bread : 
 bonus hospes vos esurientes invenit, pascit vos; sitientes invenit, 
 inebriat vos (Augustine). Qui laetatur in domino et cantat laudes 
 domino magna exsultatione, nonne ebrio similis est ? probo istam 
 ebrietatem. August., Serm. 225, 4; Mone, 1, 112. — 30. Aurora: 
 ablative after prodeat, H., 422, 2 ; A. and G., 54, 1, b. lotus, the 
 whole Godhead, the whole sun. Let the ichole come forth from 
 the dawn. The language is colored by the figurative meaning of 
 Aurora familiar to the fathers, i. e., the Virgin Mary. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 12; Mone, 1, 42; Wackernagel, 1,16; Trench, p.87. 
 In one of Augustine's sermons (372, 3) he quotes a stanza as hav- 
 ing just been sung in the church : Hunc nostri Gigantis excursum 
 brevissime ac pulcherrime cecinit beatus Ambrosius in liymno 
 quern paulo ante cantastis (Trench, p. 89). It has been called the 
 best of the Hymns of Ambrose by Dr. ScharT, u full of faith, rug- 
 ged vigor, austere simplicity, and bold contrasts." It has been 
 imitated or translated often in many languages : in German by 
 Luther (Nu Jcoram der Heiden Heiland), John Frank (Komm, Hei- 
 denheiland, Lbsegcld), whose version Trench calls one of the 
 choicest treasures of the German hymn-book, and Bunsen Noch 
 tiefer und lieblicher ah das lutein ische. There are several English 
 translations. SchafT, p. 9 ; Mrs. Charles, Christ. Life in Song, p. 97. 
 
 Theme, The advent of Christ. 
 
 Line 1. In a few manuscripts the hymn begins with the follow- 
 ing stanza : 
 
 "Intende, qui regis Israhel, 
 Super cherubim qui sedes, 
 Appare Ephrem, coram excita 
 Potentiam tuam et veni !" 
 
 This is nearly in the words of Psalm lxxix., 1-3 : Qui regis Israel, 
 intende! qui sedes super chervMm, manifestare coram Eph/rem, Ben- 
 jamin, et Manasst ! Excita potentiam tuam et rod. This Psalm 
 [g used on the first Advent Sunday, and the passage was under- 
 stood to refer to Christ by Athanasius (Mone, 1,44). For the 
 
AMBKOSIUS, 13. 227 
 
 fitness of beginning with his being a Savior for the Jews, com- 
 pare Matthew x., 5, 6 ; Acts xiii., 46.-6. Mystico, of the Holy 
 Spirit ; symbolized and holy. Compare Genesis ii., 7 : Inspiravit 
 spiraculum vitae. — 10, Claustrum : see note on p. 240, Hymn 
 XX., lines 13, 15. Others read claustra, like the Greek, of which 
 it is an imitation, 7rap$eviaQ rd KXelZpa. — 11. Yirtutuni : others 
 virtutis, an apposite genitive. H., 396, v.; A. and G., 50, 1, f; 
 G., 359. The virtues of the Virgin are the banners of God, as 
 or' an emperor, present with her : 
 
 "Casta, Tacens, Residens, Operans, Humilis, Pia, Prudens, 
 Hoc septiformi munere virgo micat." 
 
 Hugo Cardinalis, Daniel, 1,13. 
 
 12. Templo: Castus alvus beatae Mariae. — 13. Psalm xix., 5. 
 Tanquam sponsus procedens de thalamo suo, exultavit ut gigas ad 
 currendam viam. — 15. Gigas: associated by Ambrose with Gen- 
 esis vi., 4, which the early Church interpreted as meaning that 
 the Giants were geminae substantiae, born of angels and women. 
 They thus became types of Christ. Ambrose enlarges on the 
 thought. De. Incarn. Dom., c. 5; Trench, p. 88.— 17. This stanza 
 follows the suggestion of the 19th Psalm; compare also John 
 xvi., 28. — 19. Inferos s The descent of Christ to Hades was made 
 the starting-point of a cycle of tales. 1 Peter iii., 19 was thought 
 to refer to this descent. — 22. Tropaeo : the fathers are fond of 
 calling the risen body of Christ the trophy of his victory over 
 Satan and death. Cingere, passive, thou art clothed. — 24-. Perpe- 
 tim : others perpeti, strengthening with everlasting strength the 
 iceaknesses of our body. — 25. Praesepe : Thus in the Evangel. In- 
 fant., ch. 3, some enter the cave where the new-born child is laid 
 — et ecce repleta erat ilia luminibus, lucernarum et candelarum 
 fulgoribus excedentibus, et solari luce majoribus. Trench, p. 90. — 
 26. Night represents Judaism, in which appears a new light, 
 which no night shall interrupt. The second nox has its common 
 patristic reference to Satan. Ambrose elsewhere says : Sine in- 
 terpolatione noctium dies perpetuus ille (Mone, 1, 45). Jugi, an 
 
 adjective. 
 
 Hymn V, 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 43; Wackernagel, 1, 13; Grimm, v.; and in the 
 most ancient manuscripts and collections. Wackernagel puts it 
 
w 228 NOTES. 
 
 first among the hymns of Ambrose, but on no very strong evi- 
 dence. It is remarkable for its perfect simplicity. 
 
 Hymn VI. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 20; Wackernagel, 1, 22; Beda, De Metris, has 
 
 1-24, 33-40. Beda says they are by Ambrose, and he has been fol- 
 lowed by the other authorities. Gervinus, in his history of Ger- 
 man literature (3, 18), says that more beautiful songs than this 
 and the following have hardly ever been made. 
 
 Theme. A drouth ; a prayer for rain. 
 
 Line 1. Soli, genitive. — 3. Runs: Beda reads roris. Supply 
 est. — 9. Dies: supply est. — 11. Fessis, the birds, especially. — 
 13. Yentis: supply rectudunt from 15: open their moutlis to the 
 winds. — 17. Repeat recusal >; Pignora= foetus, — 18. Siti, cause 
 after fessa. Recusat, she has no food for them. — 24. Fletus, ob- 
 ject of bibentes. — 27. Yersat, mumbles. — 28. Herbis, ablative of 
 separation after fraudatum. H., 425, 3, 4; A. and G., 54, 1. — 39. 
 Heliae, bad spelling for Eliae. See 1 Kings xviii. ; meritis, the 
 cause or reason ; pluvid, the means. A. and G., 51, 1, c. — 42. Qui : 
 supply es . . . gloria sit semper tibi cum Genito Christo compar 
 
 Sancto Spiritui. 
 
 Hymn VII. 
 
 See Hymn VI. Beda has verses 1-8, 33-40. 
 
 Theme. A tempest and flood ; a prayer for fair weather. 
 
 Line 1. Coeli, limits nubila. — 2. Sole, absolute. — 4. Carpimus, 
 so it is sometimes said in English : Ave are enjoying a long spell 
 of bad weather. — 5. Aether (lira, a poetic feminine, as Gr. ai$r)p 
 often is. The expressions are drawn from heathen poets: micat 
 ignibus aether, Virgil, iEn., 1, 94; igni corusco. Horace, ('arm., 1, 
 34, 6. — G. Caroline for pole, Ovid, Pont., 2, 10, 45. — 7. Porta tonat 
 coeli, Virgil, Georg., 3, 261.— 8. Axis aethercus. Ovid, Met., 6. 175. 
 — 9-24. Compare a similar description in Ovid, Met., 1, 262+. — 
 13-10. For the style, compare lines 13-16, 17-20, in the former 
 hymn : satis, vitibus, dative after hospes, a word of remoteness, like 
 an adjective. A. and G., 51,6; II.. 391, 2, 3. — 24. Piscium et summa 
 genus haesit in ulrrw, Nota qucu sedesfuerat columbis. Bo rat., Od., 
 ii.. '2. '.), 10. — 27 -2S. Still as she is borne away, the mother-bird 
 Cares for her nest, and fearfully gathers the older of her young.— 
 
AMBROSIUS, 16-18. 229 
 
 29. Fenestris: supply spectat. — 30. Feminei \m&oris=femi)iaru?7i 
 pudicarum. — 34. Aetas, of Noah. — 37. Genesis viii., 11. 
 
 Hymn VIII. 
 
 In Daniel, 1,49 ; Mone, 1, 222 ; Wackemagel, 1, 17 ; translation 
 by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 102. 
 
 Theme. The events of the clay of Crucifixion as seen on Easter. 
 
 Paschali, originally the Passover, then the festival commem- 
 orating the resurrection of Christ. Called Easter in England and 
 Germany, from the heathen goddess Echtre, whose festival was 
 displaced by the Pascha. — Line 5. Perditis : Mone reads perfdis, 
 referring it to the Jews. — 8. Luke xxiii., 43. — 9. Qui, latro. — 11. 
 Iustus: others read iustos, and in the next line praevenit, " goes 
 to heaven before the just," i. e., the patriarchs, who being in pur- 
 gatory, and released by Christ after his crucifixion, did not enter 
 heaven so soon as the thief— -praemo gradu, by an ascent before 
 Christ, or, in the other reading, before the patriarchs. — 15. Ad- 
 haerentem s union with Christ is the source of all blessedness. 
 Participatione Dei Jit anima oeata. Augustine, Div. Quaest., 35, 2. 
 — 25. Mors, death temporal, then death spiritual, and Satan ; 
 et nomen illi Mors, Apocal., vi., 8, interpreted of Satan by Greg- 
 ory and others. — H 21 mum : the language is drawn from Job xli., 
 1. The fathers, somehow, made Leviathan the devil. The verse 
 refers to the belief of the fathers that Satan, ignorant of the di- 
 vinity of Christ, instigated the Jewish priests to put him to death, 
 and was therein completely deceived, since this death was the 
 life of men. He swallowed the hook and bound himself with 
 cords. Christus hamo suae dignitatis perforata maxillam ipsius 
 diaboli, cum diaoolus volcbat capere escam carnis Cliristi. Mone, 1, 
 195. — 29. When death has passed upon all, and destroyed the 
 carnal nature, spiritual death itself can no longer exist, since it 
 can not affect the new life which comes from Christ. 
 
 Hymn IX. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 19; Mone, 1, 75; Wackernagel, 1, 17. It is by all 
 attributed to Ambrose. 
 
 Theme. The manifestation of the divine power in Christ ; the 
 theophany. 
 
230 NOTES. 
 
 The ancient Christians celebrated the Epiphany — the day of 
 Christ's appearance to the wise men of the East, or of the appear- 
 ance of his star — as the birth-day of his divine energies. 
 
 Line 1. The resemblance between natural light and spiritual 
 strikes all mankind, and pervades all these hymns, and is emi- 
 nently Biblical. See notes on Hilary, p. 218 ; Hebrews vi., 4 ; and 
 elsewhere. — 5. Myxtico, connected with holy types and prophe- 
 cies. It may be translated mystic. The stanza alludes to the 
 belief that at the baptism of Christ the waters of the Jordan re- 
 treated in awe. This belief is often referred to by the fathers, and 
 associated with Psalm cxiii., 5 : Mare vidit, etfugit; Jordan is con- 
 versus est retrorsum; from the first part of which a comparison 
 with the passage of the Red Sea grew r up, and the evil nature, or 
 Satan, like Pharaoh, was said to be drowned by the waters of 
 the baptism of Christ. Compare Hymn XL, 3, 12, on page 33. — 
 11. Hac die, the Epiphany, celebrated on the 12th day after 
 Christmas. Matt, ii., 2. Adoratum, supine, to adore the manger, 
 i. e., Christ in the manger. Others read ad oratum, to the manger 
 to pray or worship. — 13-16. John ii., 1-11. Minister conscius. 
 John ii., 9. — 17. Supply minister. — 18. Inehriare: see note on 
 Hymn III. of Ambrosius, line 23.— 21. John vi., 9-13.— 28. Most 
 old copies read fontium, the constant Sowings of fountains. Mone 
 and some others say this is meaningless, and read faucium; but 
 the winder where the supply of water comes from to a spring is 
 quite like that about the supply of bread to the breakers of the 
 loaves, and more poetical than the continued wagging of jaws. — 
 30. Profluus, flowing forth into existence.— 31. Fragments which 
 they had never broken, glide untouched to (the hands of) the 
 men. 
 
 AMBROSIANI. 
 Hymns ascribed to Ambrose were called Amlrosiani.nnd many 
 hymns not written by him have received the name by mistake. 
 Bui it was also often used to denote a kind of hymns, like the 
 hymns o/Anibrose^ in meter, style, and ancient use. In this way 
 large collections of hymns, many of which no one supposed were 
 written by Ambrose, were known as Anibro&iani, A strong sci- 
 
AMBROSIANI, 20, 21. 231 
 
 entific method would reject the word altogether. But it has a 
 certain historical interest, and is used here for a class of early 
 hymns which have been associated with Ambrose, but are now 
 regarded as the work of unknown authors. They are mostly of 
 the fifth or sixth century. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Wackernagel, 1, 24 ; Mrs. Charles's Christian Life In Song, 
 p. 20, and every where. There is a legend of early origin that 
 Ambrose composed and sang the Te Deum by sudden inspiration 
 as he baptized Augustine. It is also told that they sang it in re- 
 sponses from a common inspiration. It is generally believed to 
 have been a gradual growth from Greek morning hymns and the 
 Bible. It is rhythmical prose. There is a metrical version of it, 
 which is translated by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 
 96. 
 
 Theme. The universe praising God. 
 
 Line 2. Aetemum Patrem: compare Isaiah ix., 6. This is the 
 name whereby he shall be called : Almighty God, Everlasting Fa- 
 ther, Prince of Peace (Mrs. Charles, p. 20) ; but the Latin reads for 
 Everlasting Father, Pater futuri saeculi. — 3. Coeli Potestates, Coloss. 
 i., 16; Romans viii., 38. — 5. Isaiah vi., 3; Rev. iv., 4-8. — 12. 
 Candidate, Rev. vii., 13, 14. — 14, 15. Suscepturus, non: others 
 read sweepisti, nee. — 16, 17. 1 Cor. xv., 55-57. — 10. Crederis, 
 passive ; thou art stated in our creed. — 22. In gloria numerari ; 
 others read gloria munerari. Supply f amnios. — 23, 21. Verbatim, 
 Psalm xxviii., 9. — 29,30. Psalm cxix., 41, 42: veniat super me 
 miser icordia tua, Domine . . . quia speravi in sermonibus tuis. Com- 
 pare verse 76 of the same Psalm : Fiat misericord ia, etc. — 31. 
 Verbatim, Psalm xxxi., 1. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 81; Mone, 1, 99; Wackernagel, 1, 
 53. It is early, but there is no special evidence which connects 
 it with Ambrose. It is probably of the fifth century. Translated 
 by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 99. It is a narrative 
 hymn, suggesting old ballads, and made up mostly of Scripture 
 expressions. 
 
232 NOTES. 
 
 Theme. The Passion of Christ. 
 
 Line 3. Crucis pntibulo, genitive of appositivc, II., 39G, v; ab- 
 lative of instrument. — 5, G. Others read decurso, quo. — 15. Ut, as. 
 — 13. Pessimus mereator : In the ancient German hymns pity is 
 mingled with their execration of Judas: 
 
 " da armer Iudas, was hastu getan, 
 Dass du ansern herrn also verraten hast ? 
 Des must u in der helle 
 
 Immer leiden pein, 
 Lucifers geselle 
 Mustu ewig seirt." 
 
 Das Iudaslied, Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 82. 
 
 32. Quam, Christ's life, which is the life not only of the world in 
 a general sense, but of those who are quickened from spiritual 
 death. Others read quern, Christ. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 27; Wackernagel, 1,57; Trench, p. 210. It is given 
 by the Benedictine edition of Ambrose, and by Beda, Be re me- 
 trica, 174, and reckoned among the hymns of Ambrose, or at least 
 the Arribro&iani. In the Roman Breviary, stanzas 1, 2, 6, 7 are ex- 
 tracted for a hymn to the Apostles. Mone, 3, 143. 
 
 Theme. The martyrs. 
 
 Line 11. Compendio: quia mors illafuerit via compendia via ad 
 assequendam vitam beatam. — 13. Heb. xi., 33-38. — 15. Ungulis: 
 See note on Damasus, line 9, p. 222. — 24. John xiv., 30. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 Daniel, 1, G2 ; Mone, 1, 232 ; Stephenson, Latin Hymns, p. 89 ; 
 translated by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 104. It has 
 often been confidently ascribed to Ambrose (Gallandus Bibl. Patr., 
 7, 772), but critical judgment assigns it to the sixth or seventh 
 century. 
 
 Theme. The Ascension of Christ. Acts i., 9. 
 
 Line 5. Asoendcns, etc., Ephesians iv.,8. — 10. Mimdi prinripe, 
 John xiv.. 30. 12. Gloriam: "Christus per carnem assumptam 
 debellato diabolo victor evasit, ipFamque glorificatain carnem 
 tandem coelo intulit." — Clichtoveus. Compare Carnis tropaeo, 
 
AMBROSIANI, 24, 25. 233 
 
 page 13, Hymn IV., line 22, and the note, as also the lines quoted 
 below, line 23. — 13. Acts i., 9 : Redemtor noster non curru, non 
 angelis sublevatus legitur, quia is, qui fecerat omnia, nimirum 
 super omnia sua virtute fercbatur. Gregory, Horn, in Evang., 2, 
 29, 5 ; Mone, 1, 232. — 16. Protoplastus, Adam ; others protoplasti, — 
 19. Sputa, etc., frequent combination in the hymns and else- 
 where. Mark xv., 19, 20.— 23-25. Compare 
 
 — " resultant 
 Coelestes in laudes chori, cum rector Olympi 
 Evehit excelsis, quicquid suscepit ab imis 
 Ingrediensque polum carnis coniitante tropaeo: 
 Exuvias atri raptas de fauce profundi 
 Lucis in arce locat terrenosque erigit artus.^ 
 
 Abator, Hist. Ap., 1, 30. 
 
 31, 32. Tali quae possit, H., 500, 2 ; A. and G., 65, 1 : " Ascenda- 
 mus cum Christo corde, cum dies eius promissus advenerit, se- 
 quemur et corpore. Scire tamen debemus, quia cum Christo non 
 ascendit superbia, non avaritia, non luxuria, nullum vitium nos- 
 trum ascendit cum medico nostro." Augustine de Ascens., 2; 
 
 Daniel, 1, 63. 
 
 Hymn V. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 63; Mone, 1, 230; Wackernagel, 1, 55; Stephenson, 
 Latin Hymns, p. 83 ; and elsewhere. Translated by Mrs. Charles, p. 
 105. It has been often confidently attributed *to Ambrose (Gal- 
 landus,Bibl.Patr.,7, 772). 
 
 It is called suavissimus liymnus, and in a somewhat modified 
 form it is still intoned with special solemnity and reverence in 
 the Roman service on Ascension day. 
 
 Theme. The Ascension of Christ. 
 
 Line 4. In fine temporum, Hebrews ix., 26. — 9. The descent 
 to Hades is referred to. See Hymn IV. of Ambrose, line 19, on 
 page 13, and the note. — 13. Pietas, the love of a father or elder 
 brother. — 15. Parcendo, by sparing, i. e., by thy mercy. — compotes 
 voti, possessed of our prayer, i. e., having our sins subdued. — 10 o 
 Saties: compare ego satiahor cum apparuerit gloria tua. Psalm 
 xvi., 15. 
 
234 NOTES. 
 
 Hymn \'I. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 40; in some of the oldest manuscripts, and in 
 many old collections; translation by Mrs. Charles. Christian Lite 
 in Song, p. 93. 
 
 Theme* The sixth hour and the crucifixion. Luke xxiii.,44. 
 
 Lines 1-4. Mrs. Charles translates: 
 
 "With silent step we see to-day 
 
 The noontide hour before us glide ; 
 
 Day, poised upon her course midway, 
 
 Looks to the night on either side." 
 
 18. Hoc tempore, Genesis xviii., 1. — 20. Genesis xviii., 2, 3. — 
 21. John iv., 0, 23. — 25. Paul, Acts xxii., 0. — 30. Supply sunt. — 
 38. Peracta, others peraeto. 
 
 Hymn VII. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 3G ; Wackernagel, 1, 52. Often attributed to Am- 
 brose, and sometimes referred to as the earliest poem fully 
 rhymed. The rhymes lead the later critics to give it a later date — 
 the fifth century. The last stanza is later still — an added doxolo- 
 gy. The translation by Luther is a favorite: Der du hist drei in 
 einiglceit. 
 
 Theme. The sun leaves us, be Thou our light. 
 
 Line 7. Xostni gupplex gloria*, i. e.,nos supjMces inter coelices, 
 our glorified spirits in suppliance praise. 
 
 Hymn VIII. 
 
 Grimm, xvi. ; Daniel, 1, 33; Mone, 1, 92; Wackernagel, 1, 83. 
 Translated by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 92. There 
 are very ancient German versions, as well as modern. It is proba- 
 bly of the seventh century. 
 
 Theme. Christ, who art the true light, keep thy servant through 
 the night. 
 
 Completorinm. an adjective noun, the completing service. - 
 Webster: trnnpletory^tmnpUne. It is for the last service of the day 
 dining Lent. line 1. Compare Hilary's morning hymn, page 
 1. — 3, 4. Mone reads from a manuscript of the eighth century: 
 
AMBROSIANI, 29-33. 235 
 
 "Lucifer lucem proferens, 
 Vitam beatam tribue." 
 
 For the use of Lucifer for Christ, see Hilary's hymn, as above. — 
 Crederis, passive. — 4. Lumen, the radiance of lux. — 11. Illi, Sa- 
 tan. — 14. Ego dormio et cor meum vigilat. Canticles v., 2. — 22. 
 Gravis est sarcina corruptions. Gregorius, Mor., 12, 17 ; Mone, 1, 
 93. 
 
 Hymn IX. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 42; translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in 
 Song, p. 94. It is found in one of the very old manuscripts, that 
 of the Queen of Sweden, and is put among the Ambrosiani by 
 Daniel, but is late. 
 
 Theme. Midnight in the Bible history. Exodus xi. 
 
 Line 9, 10. Quod, subject of delevit. — 21. Nos verus Israel. 
 Romans ix., 6, 25. — 40. Matthew xxv. — 41. Acts xvi., 25. — 49. 
 Hagie : Greek, ayiog, holy. 
 
 Hymn X. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 107; Wackernagel, 1, 84; and many old editors. It 
 is put by Daniel among the Ambrosiani, by Wackernagel in the 
 seventh century. The meter, three Sapphics and an Adonic, is 
 familiar to the readers of Horace, and the style is colored by imi- 
 tation of the heathen writers. 
 
 Theme. The dedication of a church. 
 
 Line 2. Ab ore, from the source, or, as the Word,/;w?i the mouth. 
 — 9. Rite, in due form. — 11. Corpus assumit, partake the conse- 
 crated body (of Christ). — 16. Christicolarum, a word of Pruden- 
 tius, for whom see page 51, which helps to fix the age of the 
 hymn. — 25. Aula, porta. Genesis xxviii., 17. —39. Pereunte 
 mundo. 2 Peter iii., 10. 
 
 Hymn XI. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 88; Mone, 1, 217; Wackernagel, 1, 81 ; and in the 
 Breviaries generally. It appears to be of the sixth century. Dan- 
 iel suggests that it was used in the ancient Church, when the 
 catechumens, in baptismal robes, first partook of the sacrament, 
 Dominica in alb is, next after Easter Sunday. The text used here 
 is that of the Roman Breviary. The older texts begin : 
 
230 NOTES. 
 
 " Ad cocnam agni providi" 
 
 There are many translations : Mrs. Charles's Christian Life in 
 Song, p. 103; Dr. Schaff's Christ in Song, two translations, p. 
 
 Theme. Christ the Paschal Lamb. 
 
 Line 1. Beati qui ad coenam nuptiarum agni vocati sunt. 
 Apoeal. xix., 9. — 2. All were clothed at baptism in a white gar- 
 ment. Apocal. vii., 13, 14. The best robe of the returning Prod- 
 igal. Luke xv., 22. "Infantes nkeos coiyore, corde, liabitu^ — 
 Paulinus, in Daniel, 1, 89.-3. The passage of the Israelites 
 through the Red Sea was a type of baptism. 1 Cor. x., 1. Com- 
 pare note on Hymn IX., line 5, page 18. — 4. This stanza reads in 
 
 the old text: 
 
 "Cuius corpus sanctissimum 
 
 In ara cruris torridum, 
 
 Cruore eius roseo 
 
 Gustando vivimus Leo." 
 
 These realistic expressions of roasting and eating Christ, drawn 
 
 from the paschal supper, were wonderfully attractive to the early 
 
 Christians: " Assatum et arefactum in cruce igne irae Dei." So 
 
 Luther : 
 
 "Hie ist das reclite Osterlamm 
 
 Davon Gott hat geboten, 
 
 Das ist an des Kreuzes Stamm 
 
 In heisser Lieb' gebroten." 
 
 Compare the Hymn to St. Lawrence, page 145.— 9. Exod. xi. 
 Compare Hymn IX., line 10, page 30.— 13, Pascha nostrum im- 
 molatus est Christus. Itaque epulemur ... in azymis sinceritatis 
 et veritatis. 1 Cor. v., 7, 8.— 17. The old text reads : 
 
 "O vere digna hostia, 
 Per quam fracta sunt Tartara, 
 Redempta plebs captivata, 
 Reddita vitae praemia;" 
 
 where Christ's descent into Hell, or Hades, his release of the 
 spirits bound there, and his taking them to heaven, are distinctly 
 Btated.— 21. Compare, on page 24, Hymn IV., lines 9-16; page 25, 
 
 Hymn V.. lines 9-12. 
 
AMBROSIANI, 34-36. 237 
 
 Hymn XII. 
 
 Grimm, xix. ; Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 83; Mone, 1, 190; Wack- 
 ernagel, 1, 80. It is perhaps of the sixth century. Translations 
 many: Mrs. Charles's Christian Life in Song, p. 100; Dr. SchafTs 
 Christ in Song, two versions, p. 245, 246. The Roman Breviary 
 divides it — a second hymn beginning with the fifth stanza. It is 
 for the same Sunday as Hymn XI. 
 
 Theme. The rejoicings of resurrection morning. 
 
 Line 7. Pede conculcans: Romans xvi., 20. — 8. A poena: 
 others catena. For the descent to Hades, see Hymn IV. of Am- 
 brose, line 19 on page 13, and the note. — 9, Clausus, custoditur, 
 Matthew xxvii., 66, and the next chapter. — 13, 14. Solutis dolo- 
 ribus inferni is from Acts ii., 24. — 25. Illae : Because by woman 
 man fell, by woman he is restored ; a woman bore the Saviour, a 
 woman announced his resurrection : Per feminam mors, per fe- 
 minam vita. Quia in paradiso mulier viro propinavit mortem, 
 a sepulcro mulier viris annuntiat vitam. Augustine, Gregory, as 
 quoted in Mone, 1, 191. — 34. Nitet radio : others mitt it radios. — 
 38. John xx., 27; fulgida: Mone marks it fidgidd, radiant body 
 of Christ ; but the Roman Breviary and others make it agree with 
 
 vulnera: 
 
 "In carne Cbristi vulnera 
 Micare tanquam sideri." 
 
 Compare page 193, lines 25, 26. 
 
 Hymn XIII. 
 
 The six following hymns on the Works of the Days have been 
 a favorite set of Ambrosiani. See Daniel, 1, 57-61; Konigsfeld, 
 12, 8-16; but it will be seen that they are later than Ambrose, 
 and some of them attributed with confidence to Gregory. 
 
 In Stephenson's Latin Hymns, p. 13 ; Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 57 ; 
 Mone, 1, 82 ; Wackernagel, 1, 52. It is somewhat later than Am- 
 brose. The rhyming vowels are observed. 
 
 Theme. Genesis i, 1-5. 
 
 Line 7. Tetrnm Chaos: both words are common epithets of 
 Satan among the fathers. Mone, 1, 83. — 10. Psalm cxli., 6. — 
 11. Perenne, spiritual, eternal. — 13. Cocleste: the text is from 
 
238 NOTES. 
 
 the Roman Breviary, and agrees with the expression in Matt, vii, 
 7; Luc. xi., 5-8. The old copies read Coelorum puhet intimum. 
 The subject is mens. — 14, Yitale : i. e. vitac, of spiritual life. 
 
 Hymn XIV. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 58; Mone, 1, 375; Wackernagel, 1, 70; Stephenson's 
 Latin Hymns; and elsewhere. Mone thinks Gregory the Great 
 wrote it. 
 
 Theme. Genesis i., 6-8. 
 
 Line 11. MiMeformes daemonum incursus, Augustine. Mone, 1, 
 37G. — 12. Error yetus, original sin. 
 
 Hymn XV. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 59; Mone, 1, 376; Wackernagel, 1, 70; Stephenson, 
 p. 19. This also, Mone thinks, is Gregory's. 
 
 Theme. Genesis i., 9-13. 
 
 Line 2. Separam, so the Roman Breviary. Old texts have eru- 
 ens. -(>. Decora : agrees with terra understood. — 11. Vita lot" la- 
 crymis renovatur, Gregory. Mone, 1, 376. 
 
 Hymn XVI. 
 Daniel, 1, 60; Mone, 1, 378; Wackernagel, 1, 71; Stephenson, 
 22. Wackernagel thinks it Gregory's. 
 Theme. Genesis i., 14-19. 
 Line 2. So the Roman Breviary. Old texts read : Qui lucid it in 
 
 centrum poll. 
 
 Hymn XVII. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 61; Wackernagel, 1, 56, 342; and elsewhere. 
 One of the older Ambrosiani; probably of the fifth century. 
 
 Theme. Genesis i., 20-23. 
 
 Line 2. Natos, offspring of the teeming water, both fishes and 
 birds. — 7. Prodita : supply animalia. Some omit ah. — 8. Reple- 
 ant: so the Roman Breviary. Old copies have rapiant. — 9. 
 Largire, imperative, with nescire for its direct object. — 10. Unda 
 Sanguinis, an allusion to the blood of Christ and to baptism. 
 Kehrein thinks it means unda d 8angui8 y " the water and the 
 blood " 
 
AMBROSIANI, 39-42. 239 
 
 Hymn XVIII. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 61; Mone, 1, 380; Wackernagel, 1, 343, 82; 
 Stephenson; and elsewhere. It is one of the later Ambrosiani, 
 neglecting elision, and sometimes quantity; probably of the sev- 
 enth century. 
 
 Theme. Genesis i., 24, 31. 
 
 Line 1. So in the Roman Breviary. The older co£>ies read: 
 
 " Plasmator hominis, Dens" 
 
 ■ — 5. Corpora: subject of obtemper are. Older copies read Qui for 
 Et, and for lines 7, 8, 
 
 " Ut Servian t per ordinem 
 Subdens dedisti homini." 
 
 Corpora is then the object of dedisti. — 13. The last stanza is 
 thought by Mone to be unconnected with the rest, and spurious. 
 
 Hymn XIX. 
 
 Grimm, xxiv. ; Daniel, 1, 85; Wackernagel, 1, 54. Of the fifth 
 century. " Plerumque casu quodam invenies etiam rationem in 
 rhythmo, non artificis modo ratione servata, sed sono et ipsa 
 modulatione ducente. Quomodo instar iambici metri pulcherrime 
 /actus est liymnus ille praeclarus : Rex aeterne Domine.' 1 Beda, 
 De Rhythmo. 
 
 Theme. The Creator, the Redeemer, the Good Physician, the 
 final Judge. 
 
 Line 1. Many copies begin like Beda: Bex aeterne, the Hex 
 making a tonic. M., A.-Sax. Gram., 222. — 4. Cui: two syllables, 
 as often, or a tonic. — 9. Quern diab — , an accentual anapaest. — 49. 
 Quia tu ip — , an accentual spondee ; quia one syllable, as often. 
 — 53. Tu> a tonic. — 59. Tu, a tonic. 
 
 Hymn XX. 
 
 Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 21 ; Wackernagel, 1, 47 ; Schaff, Christ 
 in Song, p. 40. It had been early attributed to Ambrose ; but the 
 theory has later found favor that it was an old abecedary, made 
 up from several poems. Attempts have been made by Daniel 
 and Wackernagel to restore the verses which remain to alpha- 
 
240 NOTES. 
 
 betic order. Of the stanzas, 1 is from Scdulins, page 59; 2, 3 
 arc from Prudentius, Cathemerinon xii. : sec p. 244, 247; 4, 5, G 
 arc a separate hymn used in the church on the day of the purifi- 
 cation of the Virgin, and perhaps by Ambrose; the others have 
 not been found. 
 
 Theme. The birth of Christ, 
 
 Line 1. Psalm cxii., 3. A solis ortu usque ad occasum lauda- 
 bilc nomen. — 2. Et usque: in Sedulius, see page 59, ad usque, the 
 more common idiom, is found. — 5. Quicquid : supply est, which 
 is expressed after gentium in Prudentius. — 12. Post haec: in Pru- 
 dentius posthac, No one is to die who is in Christ. — 13. Ezek. 
 xliv., 1-3. Porta haec clausa erit:. nori aperietur et xir non transi- 
 hlt per earn, quoniam Bens Dominus Israel ingressus est per cam. 
 This passage was understood of the womb of the Virgin Mary. — 
 14. Luke i., 28. Axe gratia plena. — 15. Compare Hymn IV., 
 line 10, page 12 : 
 
 " His beauteous portal, full of grace, 
 Is hallowed for the King to pass. 
 The King cloth pass ; the folded door 
 Abideth folded as before." — Schaff. 
 
 — IS. Processit aula: so procedit aula, on page 12, IV., 13, 14. — 
 20. Uigas : see note on Hymn IV., 15, p. 227.-25. Dan. ii., 34 ; 
 Isaiah xxviii., 16; Eph. ii., 20; 1 Cor. iii., 11; 1 Peter ii., 4, 6, 7. 
 — 33. Isaiah xlv., 8. Rorate, coeli, desuper, et nubes pluant 
 justum ; aperiatur terra et germinet salvatorem. — 39. Ut, in such 
 a manner that. — 42. Compare Hymn IV., 1, p. 12. — 43. Compare 
 Sedulius, page 59, lines 7, 8 : 
 
 " Ut carne carnem liherans 
 Ne perderet quos condidit." 
 
 — 45. Similar expressions are in Damasus, Fortunatus, and else- 
 where. — 50. Deumquc: genuit ante tempera, Deumque genuit. — 
 53. Supply venit. 
 
 IV. AUGUSTINIANI. 
 
 Life. - St. AUGUSTINE, Aurclius August inns, was born at Ta- 
 gasta. Numidia, November 1:5, 854. His mother, .Monica, gave 
 
AUGIJSTINIANI, 45. 24:1 
 
 him most careful Christian nurture. In 384 lie became professor 
 of rhetoric and philosophy at Milan. He-was leading a wild life 
 when arrested by the sermons of Ambrose and captivated by the 
 views of Paul, 386. He was made bishop of Hippo, Africa, in 
 396, and there he died, August 28, 430, then and ever since the 
 most illustrious Latin father of the Church. His exposition 
 against Pelagius of Paul on justification by faith, showing that 
 God's free grace is all in all, has approved itself to most thinkers 
 of the same class, and been a controlling power in creeds and 
 over human thought. Passion, imagination, and reason were all 
 at their best in him ; but the painters' symbol for him is a flaming 
 heart. Of his many works, u The Confessions" — his autobiogra- 
 phy — is most read, " The City of God " most praised. 
 
 He was profoundly moved by the hymns of Ambrose, and has 
 recorded his feelings and reflections on them in several places: 
 
 "Quantum flevi in hymnis et canticis tuis, suave sonantis ecclesiae 
 tuae vocibus commotus acriter ! Voces illae influebant auribus meis, et 
 eliquabatur Veritas tua in cor meum, et exaestuabat inde adfectus pieta- 
 tis ; et currebant lacrimae, et bene mihi erat cum eis." — Confessiones, 
 ix., 6. 
 
 Reference has been made in the Notes, on page 225, to his re- 
 calling verses of Ambrose on the morning after his mother's buri- 
 al. Confessiones, ix., 12. 
 
 His delight in the music of the hymns is so intense that he 
 fears that it is sinful : 
 
 " Verum tamen cum reminiscor lacrimas meas, quas fudi ad cantus 
 ecclesiae tuae in primordiis recuperatae fidei meae, et nunc ipso quod 
 moveor non cantu, sed rebus quae cantantnr, cum liquida voce et conve- 
 nientissima modulatione cantantnr, magnam instituti huius utilitatem 
 rursus agnosco." — Confessiones, x. , 33. 
 
 He had made Latin verses in his youth. Mention has been 
 made of the tradition connecting him with the Te Deum (page 
 231). A number of hymns have borne his name, but it is now 
 believed that none were composed by him. Three are here given 
 as Augiistiniani, from Daniel's Thesaurus and elsewhere, which 
 are based on passages from him, and have been long associated 
 with him. 
 
 L 
 
242 NOTES. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel's Thesaurus, 1, 116; Mone, 1, 422; Trench, Sacred 
 Latin Poetry, p. 315; Augustini Opera, Bcned. ed., vi., 117 (Ap- 
 pendix); Translations by Sylvester, p. 1114; Mrs. Charles's Chris- 
 tian Life in Song, 13.191. 
 
 It was long confidently ascribed to Augustine, chiefly from its 
 being in a book called a Meditationes,"a large part of which was 
 known to be his, and all of it thought to be. It is now known 
 to be made up of extracts from Anselm, Gregory, and others. 
 Trench says, " The hymn is Damiani's, and quite the noblest he 
 has left us." Mone thinks the writer unknown, about 100 years 
 later than Augustine. 
 
 Theme. The glory and joys of Paradise. 
 
 Line 1. Sitivit anima mea ad Deum fortem vivum. Psalm 
 xli., 3. Apud te est fons vitae. Psalm xxxv., 10. Fons aquae 
 salientis in vitam aeternam. John iv., 14. Compare Rev. xxi., 
 6; Psalm cxlii., G. — 2. Clausa, " Here in the body pent.' 1 Ro- 
 mans vii., 23, 24.-3. Exul frui patria* Hebrews xi., 13, 14.— 5, 
 Dum deliquit, when it (the soul) sinned. — (J. Conversely : 
 
 " Infelicissimum genus est infortunii fuisse felicem." 
 
 Boethius, De Con., IL 
 
 "Nessum maggior dolore 
 Che ricordarsi del tempo felice 
 Nella miseria." — Dante, Inferno, V., 121. 
 
 "That a sorrow's crown of sorrow is remembering happier things." 
 
 Tennyson, Lockshy Hall. 
 
 —7-9. Rev. xxi., 21.— 10, 11. Rev. xxi., 19-21.— 12. Lues, soiled 
 mow-water. Kehrein, Daniel, Trench, Lexicons. Rev. xxi., 27. — 
 13* Aestas. Rev. vii., 16; Psalm cxx., 6 ; and elsewhere. The 
 absence of cold is not so much mentioned. It has pleasant asso- 
 ciations in Palestine.— 13-21. This is the poet's expansion of the 
 beauty of the perpetual spring which he finds implied in Rev. 
 xxi., 23 ; xxii., 5 : " Civitas non egel sole neque luna, . . . lucerna 
 cius est Agnus." "Et nox non erik" This dwelling on the 
 beauties of nature Is characteristic of christian authors. The 
 
AUGUSTINIANI, 47-49. 243 
 
 heathen show no sense of it. Humboldt, Cosmos, II., i. — 22. Ye- 
 lut sol : Matthew xiii., 43. — 28-31. Mutabilibus: some read mor- 
 talibus his; ablative of separation after exutl. A. and G., 54, 1 : 
 
 " Patting off their mortal vesture, in the Source their souls they steep — 
 Truth by actual vision learning, on its forms their gaze they keep — 
 Drinking from the living Fountain draughts of living waters deep." 
 
 Mrs. Charles. 
 — 33. Sanis : a general description, not a partitive ; not from 
 those among them iclw are tcell, but from them all, the well. — 34. 
 Esse, object of tenent. Ilia civitas sempiterna est, ibi nullus ori- 
 tur, quia nullus moritur. Augustine, De Civit. Dei, v., 16. — 36. 
 1 Cor. xv., 54 ; 2 Cor. v., 4. — 37. Scientem cmicta: Illam sanctam 
 civitatem de visione omnipotentis Dei plena scientia perficit. 
 Gregory, Horn, in Ev., ii., 34, 8.— Nescire nequeunt: two nega- 
 tives strengthen the negation, as frequently in late Latin. — 41. 
 Caritas, etc. Love makes this his {characteristic) that, when he loves 
 another, the peculiarity of each thus oecomes a common possession of 
 all. Others read more simply: Caritas hoc facit suum quod amat 
 in altero. — 43. Ubi corpus : the language is drawn from Matthew- 
 xxiv., 28, which the author and the early fathers understand to 
 mean, Where Christ is, there his servants will gather as certainly as 
 the eagles gather to their prey. — 45. Utriusque patriae, heaven and 
 earth. Coelestis Ierusalem cives sunt omnes sanctificati homiues, 
 qui fuerunt et qui sunt et qui futuri sunt, et omnes sanctificati 
 spiritus etiam, quicumque in excelsis coelorum partibus pia de- 
 votione obtemperant Deo. Augustine, De Catech. Kud., p. 3G. — 
 51. Quern has regi for its antecedent. — 58. Probes: others praeoe. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 From Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen unci Gesange, 1, 32. It may 
 pass as a companion-piece of the former hymn, a treatment of the 
 same subject by a later and w T caker and more fanciful poet. It 
 presents no difficulties. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 From Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 36. Like Hymn 
 II., it is late, and Augustinian only by turning on a thought of 
 Augustine, and catching some fire from " the flaming heart." 
 
244 NOTES. 
 
 V. PRUDEXTIUS. 
 Life. — Aubelius Clemens Prudentius was bom in Spain, 348, 
 perhaps in Saragossa. He received a liberal education, practiced 
 as a pleader, rilled important judicial posts in two cities not 
 named, and received a high military appointment at court, when, 
 in his fifty-seventh year, he determined to dedicate what remained 
 of his life to the earnest service of God. Thus much we learn 
 from an autobiography in verse prefixed to his poems. It con- 
 tains also a catalogue of his poems, and this is about all we know 
 of his life. His fame is great. Barth speaks of him as k> Poeta 
 eximius — eruditissimus et sanctissimus scriptor — nemo divinius 
 de rebus Christianis unquam scripsit." Bentley calls him "the 
 Horace and Virgil of the Christians" (Trench, p. 119, 120). He 
 speaks out freely in the living Latin of the time. Most of his 
 hymns are taken from the poems called " Cathemerinon," i. e., 
 "Diurnorum," "of daily acts and seasons." There are twelve of 
 them: 1. For cock-crow; 2. For morning; 3. Before meat; 4. 
 After meat; 5. At the lighting of lamps; 6. Before sleep ; 7. Fast- 
 ing; 8. After fast ; 9. Every hour; 10. At burial ; 11. January ; 12. 
 The Epiphany. Other poems are his " Apotheosis," " Hamarti- 
 genia," " Psychomachia," and " Peristephanon." An excellent 
 edition is that of A. Dressel, Lipsia?, 1860. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 122; Wackernagel, 1, 34, 36. Translations: Schaff, 
 Christ in Song, p. 43; The Hymnal Noted, No. 32; Hymns, An- 
 cient and Modern, No. 46. Three ancient German versions are 
 given in Wackernagel. It is compiled from the ninth hymn of the 
 Cathemerinon, entitled "Hymnusadomneshoras,"and celebrating 
 the birth, passion, resurrection, and glorification of Christ. These 
 verses on the nativity are used as a separate hymn. The first 
 Btanza of the original poem is here prefixed to the hymn. Aur, 
 Prud. Clem. Carmina, ed. Dressel, p. 52. 
 
 Theme. The birth of Christ. 
 
 Line 1 . Pner, the servant, who should bring the lyre. — Cliorois, 
 chorees, or trochees, the feet in which the poem is written. — 5^ (>. 
 
PRUDENTIUS, 53. 245 
 
 Camoena pangat, let our muse frame, i. e., sing, him alone. This 
 introduction is like the older Greek lyric poets. To each stanza 
 is added in the hymn as used " Saeculorwn saectdis,'' taken from the 
 last stanza. — 7. Psalm xliv., 2, eructavit cor meum Verbum bonum^ 
 was with the fathers a palmary passage on the eternal generation 
 of the Son. — 9. Rev. xxi.,6. — 16, Protoplasti: others primoplasti, 
 Adam; genitive after germine. — 25-27. Altitudo, angelus, yir- 
 tutis, are all in Romans viii., 38, 39, height, angels, powers; for 
 poicers, see also Coloss. i., 16. — 31. Yates concineoant, Acts x.,43. 
 — Quern, has for its antecedent the subject of emicat. — 30-48. 
 Psalm cxlviii. A doxology not by Prudentius is added to the 
 hymn, and translated in SchatT and elsewhere : 
 
 " Tibi Christe sit cum Patre Hagioque Pneumate 
 Hymnus, melos, laus perennis, gratiarnm actio, 
 Honor, virtus, victoria, regnum aeternaliter 
 Saeculorum saeculis. " 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 137; Wackernagel, 1, 40; Trench (a different selec- 
 tion of stanzas), p. 281. Translations by Mrs. Charles, Christian 
 Life in Song, p. 110 ; Schaff, Christ in Song, two translations, p. 
 635, 638 ; Miss Catharine Winkworth in Bunsen's Gesangbuch, No. 
 288 ; and many in German. It is made up from the tenth Cathe- 
 merinon, which is a noble hymn of forty-four stanzas, ad exequias 
 defuncti (Prud. Carmina, ed. Dressel, p. 58). The common stanzas 
 are the 31, 15, 10, 11, 12-36 ; to which are here added 37-42, 44. 
 Barth calls this poem "plane divinum;" Trench calls it " the 
 crowning glory of the poetry of Prudentius ;" it reminds Dr. Schaff 
 "of the worship in the catacombs, whose gloom was lit up with 
 the hope of a glorious resurrection in Christ/' It became in the 
 sixteenth century a favorite funeral hymn in Protestant Germany : 
 
 "Hort auf mit Trauern and Klagen." 
 
 Theme. The resurrection of those who die in Christ. 
 
 Line 5. Quid sibi mm volant, what do the rocks wish for them- 
 selves=:what do they mean? 9. Corpus, subject of restat. — 11. 
 Ut 5 etc., that it may regain combinations of exalted sense, i.e., be 
 again united to the body, and with improved organs of sense.— 
 
246 NOTES. 
 
 10. Ciostot, will move. Verses 9-20 are omitted by Trench, and 
 are commented on by Schaff as rather materialistic. "Paul 
 teaches the resurrection of the body, not of the flesh (1 Cor. XV., 
 50). Lazarus was raised in the flesh, but to die again ; the resur- 
 rection body will be immortal." Schaff, p. 635. — 27. Sequestro: 
 so Tertullian de Resurrect.: corpora . . . mausoleis et monumentis 
 sequestrantur. — 28. tienorosa, of a noble kind. — 31. Istis, these 
 ruins. — 32. Chris to: ablative of source, preposition omitted. — 
 34. Ille fictor et auctor, Christ. — 30. Propriique aenigmata vul- 
 tus : Yidemus nunc per speculum in aenigmate, 1 Cor. xiii., 12 : 
 " Man is God's image ; but a poor man is 
 Christ's stamp to boot." — George Herbert. 
 Aenigmata, as hints of the invisible and unknown. — 39. Patefac- 
 ta agrees with tu, terra; it is necessary that you, opened, restore 
 the form, etc. With lines 33-48 compare the last chapters of 
 Tertullian, Be Besurrectione Carnis. — 41. Cariosa vetustas. Ovid, 
 Amor., 1, 12, 29. — 53. Senis sancti, Abraham.— 54. Eleazar, 
 Lazarus: so Tertullian calls the Lazarus of Luke Eleazar, taking 
 the two names to be the same, as they probably were. Luke 
 xvi., 22. — 60. Luke xxiii., 43.— 05. It was a heathen custom to 
 grace the dead with flowers and odors: " Manibus date liliapU- 
 nis" iEn., vi., 884. The earlier Christians did not do it (Justin 
 Martyr, Apol., II.), but in the time of Jerome the custom was com- 
 mon. Hieron., Ep., xxvi., ad Pammach. : Ceterl mariti super 
 tumulos wniugum spargunt violas, rosas, III la. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 119; Wackernagel, 1, 26; Breviarium Romanum. 
 Translation in Hymns of the Ages, p. 14. It is made up of stan- 
 zas 1, 2, 21, 25 of the first hymn of the Cathemerinon, which con- 
 sists of twenty-five stanzas Ad gallicantum. Prud. Carolina, ed. 
 Dressel, p. 4. 
 
 Theme. Cock-crow. Compare the first hymn of Ambrose, 
 p. 8. 
 
 Line 1. Diei luinliiis, praeco did. Ambrose, p. 8, I., 5, and 
 sec notes on p. 224. A lively canticle, telling all about the bird 
 of dawn, is to be found in NTeale's Mediaeval Hymns, p. 194: 
 "Multi sunt presbyteri," etc. 
 
PRUDENTIUS, 56-58. 247 
 
 Cock-crow was the fourth or last watch of the night, three 
 hours, by the Roman reckoning ; but the Christians reckoned it 
 from dawn to sunrise. — 6. The beds are called aegros, soporos, de- 
 sides, as producers of sickness, sleepiness, sloth. — 10, Flentes, 
 crying, groaning : 
 
 " All Solomon's sea of brass and world of stone 
 Is not so dear to thee as one good groan." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 124 ; Wackernagel, 1, 43 ; Trench, p. 121. Transla- 
 tions : Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 107 ; J. M. Neale, and others. 
 It is put together from the twelfth hymn of the Cathemerinon on 
 the Epiphany, but has been long current in the Church, though 
 with varying verses. Our version is from the Paris Breviary; 
 stanzas 4, 7 are not Prudentius. Prud. Carmina, ed. Dressel, p. 71. 
 
 Theme. The infant martyrs of Bethlehem. Matt.ii., 16. 
 
 Line 1. Flores Martyruin : " lure dicuntur marty rum flores, quos 
 in medio frigore infidelitatis exortos, velut primas erumpentis 
 Ecclesiae gemmas, quaedam persecutionis pruina decoxit." Au- 
 gustine, Serm. 220 ; (Appendix), Trench, p. 121. — 18. Solus inte- 
 ger agree with partus. — 19. Nurus : ace. plural. — 21. Receptor 
 cimum, liberator, as taking them to himself from servitude. A 
 doxology not by Prudentius is added and translated in Schaff. 
 
 Hymn Y. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 121; Wackernagel, 1, 28; the Breviaries; and else- 
 where. Translation in Hymns of the Ages, p. 16. It is made up 
 of parts of the second hymn of the Cathemerinon, the first stanza 
 pieced from 7, 1+24, 1, 2, 4, the others are 25, 26, 27. Prud. 
 Carmina, ed. Dressel, p. 9. 
 
 Theme. The Christian to walk honestly as in the day. Ro- 
 mans xiii., 12, 13. 
 
 Hymn VI. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 127; Wackernagel, 1, 43. Translations in Mrs. 
 Charles's Christian Life in Song, p. 98 ; Schaff's Christ in Song, 
 p. 113. It is made up from stanzas 20, 2, 16, 18 of the twelfth 
 of the Cathemerinon. Prud. Carmina, ed. Dressel, p. 71. 
 
248 NOTES. 
 
 Theme. The Epiphany. Compare Hymn IX. of Ambrose, 
 and notes on p. 220, 2o0. 
 
 Line 1. Sola maior Betlilem, sole greater city of great cities, i. e., 
 greater beyond compare than any of the great cities. Bcthlcm 
 for Bethlehem, Bethleem (B?^Xf€/x), is common in the hymns. — 2. 
 Contiirit has gignere for its subject. — 3. Coelitus, the Saviour 
 (sent) from heaven. — 5, G. This description of the brightness of 
 the star is found in other ancient writers: 'Acm)p iv ovpav$ tkap- 
 \pev V7rep 7rdvrag rovg darkpaq . . . Ta Sk \017ra irdvra acrpa, lifia vjkup 
 Kai oeXijV?^ x°pv£ tysvsro rrij aar'zpi ' avrbg ce ijv V7r£pj3d\\(ov rb tyCjQ av- 
 
 rov v-n-ep navTa. Epist. Ignatii ad Eph., 19. — 9. Yidere: perfect 
 tense. — 11. Yotis: ablative of accompaniment. — 12. Thus, etc.: 
 " Chaldaea gens dat munera, regi divitias, thura Deo, myrrhamque 
 sepulcro." Hieron., Ad., Matt, i., 2. So Augustine : Aurum solvi- 
 tur, quasi regi magno ; thus immolating ut Deo; myrrha praebitur 
 tanguam pro salute omnium morituro. — 17. The doxology is not 
 by Prudentius. 
 
 VI. SEDULIUS. 
 
 Life. — Probably a Scot from Ireland, who left his native coun- 
 try for love of learning, Sedulius was a priest in Italy, in the 
 fifth century, under Theodosius the Great, Exact dates are 
 wanting. He is described as an eminent poet, orator, and divine 
 — perhaps a bishop. He has left a paschal poem on the miracles 
 of Christ, and other pious compositions. The Latin Church uses 
 several of his hymns in their public service. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 143; Wackernagel, 1, 46; in the Breviaries, and 
 elsewhere. Beda ascribes it to Sedulius. There are many an- 
 cient German versions, one by Luther. An English translation 
 is found in Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 45. It is the first part of an 
 abecedary of twenty-three verses, totam ritam Christi continent. 
 
 Theme. The birth of Christ. 
 
 Lines 1-4. Borrowed for the last of the Ambrosiani. See page 
 42, .and the note.— 5. Anctor saeculi: Bebrews \.,2;filio per 
 quem fecit et saeculum.— 6. " Corporis formam caduti membra 
 
SEDULIUS, GO, 61. 249 
 
 morti obnoxia incluit ne gens periret primoplasti ex genuine." 
 Prud., Catheinerinon, ix., 16. — 9. Luke i., 34. — 16. "Deusper an- 
 gelum loquebatur et virgo auribus impraegnabatur." Augustine. 
 Compare Hymn IV. of Ambrose, p. 12. — 20. Luke i., 44. — 21. 
 Foeno iacere : the bay and the manger greatly move the early 
 Christians. Daniel quotes from several, and as follows from 
 I. JNTeunhertzius : " Ach allzuhartes ISTest ! liegt Iesus in der Krip- 
 pen ? ach, war' ich da gewest, das wuenschen Herz und Lippen : 
 Wie hatt' es mich geschmerzt, das man dich so veracht; ich 
 hatte dich geherzt und dir mein Bett gebracht. 1 ' — 24. Nee ales, 
 not a sparrow. Luke xii., 6. — 28. John x., 14; 1 Peter v., 4; 
 Heb. xiii., 20. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 147 ; Wackernagel, 1, 46 ; J. H. Newman, Hymni 
 Ecclesiae, p. 252 ; Breviaries ; and elsewhere. There are ancient 
 German translations — one by Luther : " Was f urchst du Feind 
 Herodes sehr ;" an English translation in MamVs Ancient Hymns, 
 p. 77. It is a continuation of the former hymn. 
 
 Theme. The Epiphany. Matthew ii. 
 
 Line 1. Herodes: The Roman Breviary, followed by many 
 editors, has Crudelis Herodes, not caring for the H. of the abeceda- 
 ry. — 3. John xviii., 36. — 4. Luke xxii., 29, 30. — 7. Lumen, Christ ; 
 lumine, the star. — 8. See p. 58, VI., 13, and note.— 9. Caterva is 
 Katerra in the abecedary. This stanza is not used in the 
 Church service. Personat, cries aloud. Matt, ii., 18. 13. Lara- 
 era puri gurgitis: Matt, iii., 16. — 17-20. This stanza is not in 
 the Roman Breviary. Sanans. Matt, iv., 23. Resuscitans. Luke 
 vii., 12; John xi., 43. — 21. John ii., 6-11. Chrysostom says that 
 many draw water on the night of the Epiphany and keep it to use 
 through the year. The Egyptians and Ethiopians say the Nile 
 water has a flavor of wine on this night ; and such beliefs are wide- 
 spread about other rivers and springs. For the German fount- 
 ains of this kind, see Grimm's " Deutsche Mythologies p. 328. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 Sedulii Opera, 2, 63 ; Konigsfeld, Lateinische Hymnen und 
 Gesange, 2, 62. It is a common introduction (introit) on the 
 
 L2 
 
250 NOTES. 
 
 davs of special services in honor of the Virgin Mary. The meter 
 is not common in the hymns. 
 
 Theme. Salutation of the Mother of Christ. 
 
 Line 1. Enixa puerpera: compare the first line on page GO.— 
 4. Quae (parens), the subject of visa est.—$ m Primam similem: 
 object of habere. — 9. Terrena : object ofpetisti. 
 
 VII. ELPIS. 
 Life. — Elpts, a Sicilian, was born about 460, and was early 
 married to Boethius, one of the most illustrious Romans of his 
 age — 470-525. She was a woman of great learning, wit, and 
 beauty, and the author of the hymns used by the Church on the 
 festival of St. Peter and St. Paul. She bore her husband two 
 sons, eminent Romans. After her death Boethius married Rus- 
 ticiana, the most accomplished of all the Roman ladies. Such 
 was the current account of Elpis, but it is now pronounced base- 
 less. See under Boethius in Smith's Classical Dictionary. Of 
 the author of the hymns, therefore, we know nothing. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 150; Monc, 3, 90; Wackernagel, 1, 59. It is as- 
 cribed to Elpis by all the old editors. Mone doubts whether she 
 would write accentual meter, since her husband uses only the 
 quantitative verse of the old poetry. 
 
 Theme. The feast-day of the apostles Peter and Paul. 
 
 Line 1. Note the uniform caesura after the fifth syllable, which 
 gives to the first half line an iambic, to the second a trochaic ca- 
 dence. The hemistichs arc sometimes printed as separate lines. 
 Lux lueis : genitive of eminence. M., 312, e. Lux (vocative). 
 Cod. — 3. Martyrio: ablative of cause. — 5. Ianitor coeli : Matt. 
 xvi., 19; Peter is called daviger later. — Doctor, Paul. — 6* Note 
 the difference between saeculum and mundus. — 7. 'o p.lv t<7> trravpif 
 irpo<rrj\(o&€tQ wpbg ovpavbv n)v iroptiav iiroirjtraTO, 6 dt rot 'Ci^f-i aTTOTfiri- 
 y-nr wpbg rap (Twrrjpa IkStj fir] crag paKapi&Tai) Greek service for June 
 29 ; Eusebius, Ec. Hist., ii., 25. Paul was a Roman citizen, not 
 to be crucified. 8. Vitae senatnm possidere is to haw a seat in the 
 senaU of life. The Creek expression for it is, became citizens of tfw 
 
ELPIS — FORTUNATTS, 62-64. 251 
 
 new Jerusalem, the kingdom of life. — 12. Qui : others qua. Claudis, 
 [et] aperis. — 13. Paulas doctor nationum, Tort, De Ress., 23 ; gen- 
 tium, Aug., Serm. 162, 1 ; Gk. serv. : UavXe $e<rwe(Tie,Twv ayliov IkkXtj- 
 oiCjv 6 prjrwp. — 11. Polum : supply ad, to bear us to heaven in 
 mind, i. e., give us heaven by faith. — 15. Till that which is per- 
 fect shall be bestowed. Note the unusual passive sense of largi- 
 atur. The passage is based on cum autem venerit quod perfect urn 
 est, emcuabitur quod ex parte est. 1 Cor. xiii., 10. — 17. Binae 
 olivae : Rev. xi., 4, often elsewhere applied to these apostles. 
 Charity, love, is denoted by the fruit of the olive. Augustine on 
 John vi., 20. So is interpreted the pouring in oil by the Good 
 Samaritan. Luke x., 34. For the value of the olive, remember 
 the story of the naming of Athens. Compare Psalm Hi., 8 : Ego 
 autem sicut oliva fructifera in domo Dei. The orange, bearing 
 fruit and flowers at once, has disjjlaced the olive in our associa- 
 tions : 
 
 " Oh, that I were an orange-tree, 
 That busy plant ! 
 
 Then should I ever laden be, 
 And never want 
 
 Some fruit for him that dressed me." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 — 18. Devotos, the subject of vivere. — 21-21. This stanza w T as 
 added in the Roman Breviary by order of Pius V. 
 
 VIII. FORTUNATUS. 
 
 Life. — Yenantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus was 
 born in the district of Treviso, Italy, 530. He spent his early 
 life in literary idleness, and much of his later life in the same 
 way, " among the last of the Latin verse-w T riters, or among the 
 first of the troubadours." On the invasion of the Lombards he 
 left Italy, and wandered from castle to cloister in Gaul. Queen 
 Rhadegunda induced him to settle at Poictiers, and here he was 
 consecrated a priest, and became bishop (595 ?) ; and here he 
 died (609 ?). What we know of his outer life is in strong con- 
 trast with the hymns here given. Mrs. Charles suggests a com- 
 
252 NOTES. 
 
 parison with Cowper. Sec Christian Life in Song, p. 129. Edi- 
 tions of his works are Opera Omnia, Romae, 1786 ; Carminum, 
 ejristolarum, expositionum Ubri XL, etc.; Notis variis a R. P. 
 Christophoro Browero, Moguntiae, 1617. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 Daniel, 1, 163; Wackernagel, 1, 61, 62. Translations into old 
 German; into English by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, 
 p. 133; Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 155; Neale, Mediaeval Hymns, 
 p. 1. Daniel ranks it in numero pulcherrimorum. Schaff agrees. 
 Fortunatus introduced stanzas of trochaic tetrameter, afterward 
 a favorite measure in the hymns. 
 
 Copies often begin with line 22, " Crux fidelis," etc. 
 
 Theme. The Passion. 
 
 Line 1. Pange proelium, frame, i. e., sing the battle; the theme 
 is put for the song, as often elsewhere. See p. 51, line 6. This 
 opening has been imitated in other hymns, notably in the famous 
 eucharistic hymn of Thomas Aquinas : 
 
 "Pange, lingua, gloriosi corporis mysterium." — (See p. 168.) 
 
 Certaminis : conflict between Christ and Satan, of glorious issue. 
 Gen. iii., 15. — 2. Super governs the ablative of the theme of dis- 
 course. II., 435, 2; A. and G., 56, 1, d. — 4. Factor, the Maker, 
 Christ, — 5. In mortem corruit : the subject is parens understood. 
 6. The legend here alluded to is thus related by Mrs. Charles : 
 u When Adam died, Scth obtained from the guardian cherubim 
 of Paradise a branch of the tree from which Eve ate the forbid- 
 den fruit. This he planted on Golgotha, called the place of a 
 skull, because Adam was buried there. From this tree, as the 
 ages rolled on, were made the ark of the testimony, the pole on 
 which the brazen serpent w r as lifted up, and other instruments; 
 and from its w T ood, at length, then growing old and hard, was 
 made the cross." — 8. Ars, the art of Christ : artem proditoris. — 9. 
 Hedelam ferret agrees with ars: £i»Xy uei to %v\ov td<Ta<r$u, Serv- 
 ice for September 14. The language is drawn from surgical su- 
 perstitions, every where common among the unscientific. — 10. 
 •• I'bi venit plenitudo temporis, misil Deus Filium suum factum 
 ex muliere." Galat., iv., 4. — 11. Aivc, heaven; compare Ar.t 
 
FORTUNATUS, 65, GG. 253 
 
 firma Dens noster est, p. 211. — 12, Caro factus, John i., 14. — 13. 
 Conditus for positus, which some copies have : conditus is suggest- 
 ed by conditor : the poet plays with the sound and sense, like 
 Shakespeare. Praesepia, the manger. — 15. Fascia : subject ; pedes 
 manusque crura, feet, hands, and legs.— 16. Lustra sex, Luke iii., 
 23, ace. of time how long ; the time necessary for the growth of 
 the body.— -19. Supply sunt. — 21. Dulci claro : others dulces cla- 
 ws. — 25. Yiscera, fibres. — 28. Pretium saeculi, the ransom of 
 the world. — 30. Quern, mundus. Some see an allusion to Noah's 
 ark in this verse, but Augustine gives it another turn : " Mare 
 transeundum est, et lignum contemnis ? quia lignum humilitatis 
 eius tibi necessarium erat; superbia enim tumueras et longe ab 
 ilia patria rejectus eras, et fluctibus huius saeculi interrupta est 
 via, et qua transeatur ad patriam non est, nisi ligno porteris." 
 In Evang., John ii., 4. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 168 ; Wackernagel, 1, 60 ; Trench, p. 130. Trans- 
 lation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 130. This is 
 part of a longer poem. 
 
 Theme. The holy Cross. 
 
 Line 1. Mtet, gleams, a beautiful beacon. — 4. Qua, ichere, in- 
 troduces the whole clause beginning with the third line. John 
 x., 12. — 8. Paulum: Acts ix., 5. — Petrum: Acts xii., 7. — 10. 
 Nova ponia : an allusion to the noxiale pomum^ " whose mortal 
 taste brought death into the world." See line 5 of the last 
 hymn. — 11, 12. Sicut malus inter ligna silvarum, etc.; Stipate 
 me malls, etc. Canticles ii., 3, 5. — 13, 14. Per diem sol non 
 uret te, neque luna per noctem. Psalm exxi., 6. — 15. Et erit tan- 
 quam lignum, quod plantatum est secus decursus aquarum, quod 
 fructum suum dabit in tempore suo. Psalm i., 3. — 17. The cross 
 is represented by artists as wreathed in a vine, and the figure is 
 truly Biblical, both for the vine and the wine. John xv., 1 ; Luke 
 xxii., 20. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 160; Wackernagel, 1, 63; Breviarium Romanum, 
 and elsewhere often. Translations are found in many languages, 
 several in old German ; in English by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life 
 in Song, p. 131 ; J. M. Neale, Mediaeval Hymns, p. 6 ; and in Schaif T 
 
254 NOTES. 
 
 Christ in Song, p. 159 ; Edward Caswell, and others. Neale calls 
 it "one of the grandest in the treasury of the Latin Church." It 
 has a place in Randolph's k * Seven Great Hymns of the Mediaeval 
 Church," p. 140. It is said to have been composed on the recep- 
 tion by Queen Rhadegunda of a bit of the True Cross, sent to 
 her by the Emperor Justin. 
 
 Theme. The Cross and Passion. 
 
 Line 1 . Yexilla regis prodeunt: "Passio Domini venit, et, 
 quia venit, debemus de ipsa aliquid dicere. Dicamus quod vexiUa 
 regis Ghristi pivdeunt." Ambrosius. " The banners are the sac- 
 raments," say some. Others say, " the emblems of the passion " — 
 "ut flagella, corona spinea, clavi, lancea, quibus antiquum debel- 
 lavit hostem." Daniel, 1, 62. — 2. Mysterium: a holy prophetic 
 emblem. See page 230, line 7, note on mystico. — 8. Unda et san- 
 guine: John xix., 34. Many read unda sanguine, the same in 
 sense as sanguis unda prqfluit. Hymn I., 20, p. 65. — 11. In na- 
 tionibus, etc. Psalm xcvi., 10. — 12. A ligno : not in our versions 
 or our Hebrew texts. Tertullian (Adv. Marcionem, III.), and else- 
 where, refers to it, and Justin Martyr (Contra Tryphonem) ac- 
 cuses the Jews of having erased it from the Hebrew. Daniel, 1, 
 162. — 12. Purpura, jmrjmrd, sanguine Christi. — 18. Pretium 
 saeeuli: so in line 28, Hymn I. See note.— 19. Statera corpo- 
 ris, the payment of the body having been made; others rehd facta 
 est; many read statera saeeuli, the price of the world.— 20. Tar- 
 tar!: others Tartaris. — 22. Saporem neetaris: others sapore nee- 
 tare for the consonance with eortiee; construing in favor by your 
 nectar. — 20. Gloria: the theme of the salutation. — 27. Qua, 
 where life endured death. — 29, 32. This verse and a doxology 
 used by the Latin Church are not of the time of Fortunatus, but 
 of the later age which began to worship the cross. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 In Daniel, 1, 169 ; Wackernagel, 1. 06 ; Trench, p. 152. Trans- 
 lations, many in oldest German; in English by Mrs. Charles, 
 Christian Life in Song, p. 135; Schaff, Christ in Song. p. 235; 
 and Others. It is made up by picking lines from a poem of 
 
 fifty-sis verses, addressed "Ad Felicem episcopum, de paschate 
 resurrectionis Domini' 1 Daniel says: kk Ex hoc suayissimo po- 
 
EUGENIUS, 69. 255 
 
 emate ecclesia decern versus sibi vindicavit." He means ten lines; 
 but some copies of the hymn continue the chant for ten stanzas. 
 
 Theme. The resurrection of Christ. 
 
 Line 1. Festa dies, Easter. Toto aevo, through all time, i. e., at 
 any time, during all time. H., 426 ; A. and G., 55, 1 : 
 
 " Salve, laeta dies, meliorque revertere semper, 
 A populo rerum digna potente coli." 
 
 Ovid, Fast., i., 87, 88. 
 
 — 2. Qua, on which. — 4. Renascentis, in spring. — 5. Omnia dona: 
 
 He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, 
 how shall he not with him also freely give lis all things. Romans 
 viii., 32. — 10. Legibus oppressis, the laics of death having been put 
 down, i. e., overcome, done away. — 12. Qua (die), when. 
 
 IX. EUGENIUS. 
 Life. — Eugenius, called also Toletanus, died in 657, having 
 been twelve years archbishop of Toledo. He presided in the 
 ninth and tenth councils of Toledo. Besides his piety and learn- 
 ing, he is known for his poetical talent. He wTote several pious 
 epigrams, and a poem on the Works of the Six Days — " The 
 Hexaemeron." 
 
 The Hymn. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 190; Konigsfeld, Lat.Hymnen und Gesange, ii., 90; 
 and in the older collections of Cassander, Thomasius, Rambachi- 
 us, and others. I know of no English translation, and have se- 
 lected it partly for its meter. It is well worth study for its sub- 
 stantial merits as a simple and terse expression of the wishes and 
 the ideal of a Christian scholar and gentleman of the old time. 
 
 Theme. Wishes. 
 
 Line 1. Quo: ablative of author and imminent agent. — Con- 
 stat: note the aptness of the word, stands together. — Maehina 
 mundi: an expression of Lucretius (v., 96, 97) ; but an empty fig- 
 ure to that beautifier of the sect of atheists. " This goodly frame, 
 the earths Hamlet, ii., 2. So Milton, Par. Lost, viii., 15 : 
 " When I behold this yoodly frame, this world, 
 Of heaven and earth consisting." 
 
256 NOTES. 
 
 "Thine this universal frame. 
 
 Thus wondrous fair: thyself how wondrous then." 
 
 Par. Lost, v., 154. 
 And see p. '2*24. note on line 1 of Hymn I. of Ambrose. — 2, Otlh- 
 texts read : 
 
 " Quod miser Eugenius posco, tu perfice clemens." 
 — 3, 4, 5 ? 6, Note the order: sensum, ingenium, lumen; and then 
 fides, morum correct io. The prayer for light of universal man- 
 hood, the Christian beatitude : " The pure in heart shall see God." 
 —8. Seereti: genitive, 399; A. and G., 50, 3, c. — Famine, from 
 famen, gen. faminis, n., speaking, utterance (Diet. Med. Latin), late 
 Latin formed on for, fori, to speak. It is in the ablative of speci- 
 fication after cantos. A. and G., 54, 9. Some read fulmine. — 
 11. Obuncet : not found in our dictionaries or explained else- 
 where. The word unco, -are, occurs as an onomatope for the 
 roaring of the bear, "Ursus ferus uncat" Auct. Carm. Philom., 
 51. And that might possibly go with languor in its general sense 
 of disease. Perhaps the word was suggested 1 >y cruc'u t — cruet, it us \ 
 cruciet : : obuncatus : dbuncet : : tormented : torment : : bent : bend ; 
 let not disease crook me up. — 13. Iurgia, lites: others, iurgia li- 
 tis. — 14. Others, inmdiae luocrn. — Pensio, tax. — 21, 22. Yincere 
 ot stadium percurrere: language of the race-course. 1 Cor. ix\, 
 24; Heb. xii., 1. — Plaeido passu: a ste]i placid, in the sense of 
 free from worry. — 24. Cuij dative of separation ; 385,4; A. and 
 G., 51, 2, e. g. ; partly an attraction of the unexpressed antecedent 
 after cona 
 
 X. AUCTOR INCERTUS. 
 
 This hymn is as old as the seventh century, since it is quoted 
 by Beda (De Metris). Of the author nothing is known, except 
 that he was probably also author of another hymn of the same 
 rhythm and style — a matin hymn quoted by Beda, beginning: 
 
 ' ; Ilvmnum dicat turha fratrum, hymnum cantus personet," 
 which has sometimes been attributed to Ililarius. 
 
 In Daniel. 1, 194 : Trench, p. 290. Translations by Mrs. Charles, 
 Christian Life in Song, p. L42; in Schaff, Chrisl in Bong, p. 369. 
 N< ;il<- calls it "rugged but grand." Daniel says : u Iuvat carmen 
 
AUCTOR INCERTUS — GREGORIUS MAGNUS, 71-74. 257 
 
 fere totum e scriptura sacra depromptum, comparare cum cele- 
 bratissimo illo extremi iudicii praeconio ' Dies irae, dies ilia,' quo 
 rnaiestate et terroribus, non sancta simplicitate et tide superatur." 
 Neale and Trench also compare it in similar terms with the 
 " Dies Irae," for which see p. 154. It is an abecedary, like Psalm 
 cxix. and Jeremiah. 
 
 Theme, The day of Judgment. 
 
 Line 1-4, 1 Thess. v., 2; 2 Peter iii., 10.— 5, 6. Zech.ix., 14; 
 1 Cor. xv., 52 ; Matt, xxiv., 31 ; John v., 25 ; 1 Thess. iv., 16 — 
 7, 8. Matt, xxv., 31.— 9, 10. Matt, xxiv., 29; Rev. vi., 12-14.— 
 11 5 12. Dan. vii., 10; Rev. xxi., 1.— 13-33. Matt, xxv., 31-46.— 
 34. Mark ix., 44.— Morietur : three syllables.— 35, 30. Matt. 
 xxv., 30.— 37-40. Heb. xi., 16 ; xii., 22.— 41. XPM=z Christum. P 
 is Greek for R. x, Greek for Ch, is wanted for the abecedary. 
 Christum is the object of contemplantur. Matt, xvi., 27; Rev. 
 xxi., 23 ; xxii., 4. — 43. Ydri, i. e., Hydri (ydpog), the serpent, Sa- 
 tan. Rev. xii., 9 ; Gen. iii., 1.— 44, 45. Matt, xxv., 1-13. 
 
 XI. GREGORIUS MAGNUS. 
 
 Life. — Gregory, the first pope of that name, known also as 
 Gregory the Great, was born about 550, of an illustrious family 
 of Rome. He was from childhood devoted to learning and re- 
 ligion. He became prefect of Rome in 573. Upon the death of 
 his father he devoted his immense wealth to the founding of mon- 
 asteries, and he withdrew from secular life to become head of 
 one of them. He became interested in England by seeing some 
 captives exposed for sale, and induced Pope Pelagius II. to send 
 missionaries to them. On the death of Pelagius, he was made 
 pope, and he governed the Church thirteen years, dying in 604. 
 "Neander s};>eaks of him as the last of the classical doctors of the 
 Church, as forming a point of transition between the old Roman 
 civilization and the new Teutonic literature and civilization." 
 He was a man of action, a vigorous and sagacious organizer of 
 the suffering and distracted Christians, and no less a vehement 
 aggressor for the truth. He wrote much and well. His "Pasto- 
 rale," setting forth the dangers, duties, and obligations of the 
 
258 NOTES. 
 
 pastoral charge— "the art of arts and the science of sciences" — 
 has always been regarded as an u incomparable " book. Popes 
 and councils have commanded it to be frequently read. It was 
 translated by King Alfred into Anglo-Saxon. lie reformed the 
 ritual of the Church. His selection and distribution of the 
 Church music, still called the Gregorian, makes his name famil- 
 iar. There is a growing disposition to attribute to him many of 
 the best of the old Church hymns. For his life and the story of 
 his relations to England, see Aelfric's homily in March's Anglo- 
 Saxon Reader, p. 35. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 177 ; Wackernagel, 1, 75 ; Hymni Ecclesiae, 222 ; 
 Breviarium Ilomanum ; and elsewhere. Translations in Hymns 
 of the Ages, p. 11 ; Mant's Ancient Hymns, p. 39. 
 
 Thome, Morning Prayer. It is used at the lauds, or daybreak 
 prayers, between matins and prime. 
 
 Line 2. Lucis : some read Lux et. — 3. Nisibus : others viribw. 
 — 4. Cunctipoteiitem : others omnipotmtem. — G. Angorem: the 
 older text reads languorem. — 7, 8. The Breviarium Bom. reads: 
 
 "Donet et nobis bona sempiternae 
 Munera pacis." 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 180 ; Wackernagel, 1, 74. Translation in SchafTs 
 Christ in Song, p. 696. There arc several German versions. Lu- 
 ther held it to be the best of all hymns, but never made a German 
 version. It is to be used at the Lord's Supper. 
 
 Theme. The Passion. 
 
 Line 3. Phicare: passive. — 15. Per probra: others perpvo- 
 hr<K infamous, a word not in our dictionaries. — lft ? 20. Tradis 
 spiritum, you give up the ghost; a mighty (potentem) ghost, or 
 spirit, as shown by the accompanying events. Luke xxiii., 44-46. 
 
 Hymn TIL 
 In Daniel, 1, 178; Mone, 1, 95; Wackernagel, 1, 73; Stephen- 
 son's Latin Hymns, p. 62; Hymni Ecclesiae, p. 66. Translations 
 in Hymns of the Ages, p. 54 ; Mant, Ancient Hymns, p. 84. 
 
GREGORIUS MAGNUS, 76-78. 259 
 
 Theme. Prayer in Lent. 
 
 Line 4. Quadra gen ario, forty days before Easter. Matt, iv., 2. 
 — 13. Conteri: the Latin texts read contere, which the Anglo- 
 Saxon translation (Stephenson, p. 62), oeon to-bryt, enables ns to 
 recognize as a slip of the pen. — 14. Dona: a verb. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 In Daniel, 1, 176 ; Wackernagel, 1, 71 ; the Breviaries. Trans- 
 lations in Hymns of the Ages, p. 9 ; Mant, Ancient Hymns, j). 39. 
 Theme. Night-watch. 
 
 Hymn V. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 235 (one stanza) ; Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen mid 
 Oesange, 1, 76. It may not be Gregory's. 
 
 Theme. The Epiphany. Matt, ii., 1-12. 
 
 Line 8. Dona : appositive with cultum. They come to offer fes- 
 tively^ reverence, mystic gifts; the things given for the act of giv- 
 ing. For mystic, see p. 230, note on line 5. The Greek service 
 for December 25 has "Ekchjtov tCjv v-irb gov yevofxsvujv KTiGfiarujv 
 rr\v evxctpLVTiav gov TrpoGayei ' ol dyyeXoi rbv vjivov, oi ovpavol TOV 
 CLGrspa, oi fidyoi rd Siopa, ol Troifisveg rb Savfia, r] yrj to G7ri]\aiov, i) tpr]- 
 fiog ri)v (\>drvr]v, y)fieig ce /irjrepa irapS'zvov. — 9. TrOCleteu (rpioyXrjTTjv), 
 i. e., Troglodytidem. — 9, 10. See p. 58, Hymn VI., lines 9-12, and 
 the notes. — Bracteas: here not specially thin plates, as the dic- 
 tionary says. — 12. Tres, the three magi; their bodies are said to 
 have been brought to Constantinople by the Empress Helena, 
 thence transferred to Milan, thence to Cologne. They are known 
 as " The three kings of Cologne." See Cologne in Vocabulary of 
 Names of Fiction, Webster's Dictionary, and p. 183, 1. 7, and note. 
 
 Hymn VI. 
 In Daniel, 1, 213; Mone, 1, 241 ; Wackernagel, 1, 75 ; and in 
 all collections. Translations in old German, by Luther ; and in 
 English by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 126 ; and by 
 Dryden, given also in " The Seven Great Hymns ;" and others. It 
 has been commonly attributed to Charlemagne, but is plainly 
 older, and is confidently assigned to Gregory by Mone and others. 
 Imitation of Ambrose is found in verses 1 (Ambrose, p. 12), 15, 
 
200 NOTES. 
 
 1G (Ambrose, p, 13, lines 23, 24). This hymn lias always been in- 
 U'd with eminent worth and dignity. It was habitually used 
 in solemn and important ceremonies, the coronation of kings, the 
 Celebration of synods, the creation of popes, the translation of 
 relies. It was also thought to have the power of a spell to keep 
 oil" fiends, and to call good spirits. The Church of England, 
 though it has dismissed other hymns, uses this in the ordering 
 of priests and the consecration of bishops. Daniel, p. 214; 
 Trench, p. 184. 
 
 Theme. The descent of the Holy Spirit, It is for the day of 
 Pentecost. 
 
 Line 5. Paraclitus : Note the metrical accent on the penult, 
 showing scholarly pronunciation; compare line 30 in the added 
 doxology. " Nostis plurimi, quod Graeca locutione paraclitus La- 
 tina advocatus dicitur, quia pro errore deliquentium apud iusti- 
 tiam Patris intervenit." Greg., Horn, in Ev., ii., 80, 3. For the 
 Biblical uses, see John xiv., 16.— G. Domini Dei : Acts ii., 38.-7. 
 Fons virus: John vii., 38, 39; iv., 14.— Ignis: Luke xii., 49.— 
 Caiitas: Rom. v., 5; vnctio, 1 John ii., 20, 27. "A saneto spiri- 
 tu unguendis mentibus auditorum ea, quae in libris veteribus de 
 Christo dicta sunt, explanatur. Filius olei (Isaiah v., 1) fidelis 
 populus dicitur, qui ad fidem Dei interna Sancti Spiritus unctione 
 generator." Gregory, Moral, 19, 24. — 9. Gregory (Horn, in 
 Ezech., ii., 6, 7) mentions the seven gifts of the spirit, according 
 to Isaiah xi., 2, 3: sapientia, intellect us, consilium* fortitude), scien- 
 tia^pietas, timor Domini; hence the old memorial verse: 
 
 " Sap., intel., eon., for., sci., pi., ti., collige dona." 
 
 — 10. Digitus: si in digito Dei ejicio daemonia, Luke xi., 20, was 
 compared with in Sjnritu Dei ejicio daemonia, Matt, xii., 28 ; and 
 hence Spiritus and digitus thought equivalent. Augustine sug- 
 gests an allusion to the finejer of God recording the law for Moses. 
 — 11. Promissum: substantive in the vocative, i. e., promissio 
 Piitri*. Acts i., 4. Others read ]>romi,ssus. and most promisso, ac- 
 cording to the promise. — 12. Acts ii., 4. — 15, 10. Ambrose, p. 
 1:5: some read perpetd. — 27. Te: object of credamu8 i there is no 
 connective ; some read teque, others change te to </ without manu- 
 script authority, and without necessity. 
 
BED A, 79-81. 261 
 
 XII. BEDA. 
 Life. — Beda, " the Venerable Bede," was born near Wear- 
 mouth and Yarrow, 673. He went to the abbey when seven 
 years old, and studied there till he died, May 26, 735. He was 
 made deacon at 19, priest at 30, and declined to be abbot, lest 
 he might be hindered in pursuit of learning. He wrote com- 
 mentaries on the Bible, biographies, history, treatises on natural 
 science, grammar, versification. He was fond of the poetry of 
 his native tongue, and composed verses both in Anglo-Saxon 
 and Latin. His ecclesiastical history abounds in picturesque and 
 lively scenes, some of which have been often rendered into En- 
 glish verse. It was translated into Anglo-Saxon by King Alfred. 
 He was the greatest of Anglo-Saxon scholars, and is one of the 
 great authors of the world. See March's Anglo-Saxon Reader, 
 
 p. 75. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 207 (one stanza) ; Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen unci 
 Gesange, 2, 112 ; BecLVs Works, ed. Giles, 1, 81. Translations by 
 Dr. Neale, Mediaeval Hymns, p. 15 ; Mrs. Charles, Christian Life 
 in Song, p. 142, one stanza. The Biblical expressions are skill- 
 fully woven together. 
 
 Theme. The Slaughter of the Innocents. Matt, ii., 16-18. 
 
 Line 6. Quorum angeli, whose angels, i. e., glorified spirits. 
 
 Compare Rev. vii., 11. — 8. Observe the first and last line of each 
 
 stanza. The Elegy of Sedulius has the same arrangement, and 
 
 so have Damiani, Eugenius Toletanus, and others later. — 9-16. 
 
 John xiv., 2. — 15. Donat sedibus (eos), presents with seats (those), 
 
 etc., a frequent construction with dono, of which an example 
 
 should be in the grammars. H., 419, 3 ; A. and G., 54, 6. — 16-21. 
 
 Matt, ii., 18.— 25-32. Luke xii., 32 ; John x., 1 — 33-40. Rev. vii., 
 
 17 ; Psalm cxxvi., 5 ; Isaiah xxv., 8. — 39. Lugentum, i. e.,lugentium. 
 
 —41-48. Compare Hymn VI., p. 58.-43. Nato, Christ.— 49-56. 
 
 Rev. vii. 14. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 206; Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 
 84 ; Beda's Works, ed. Giles, 1, 83. Translations by Mrs. Charles, 
 Christian Life in Song, p. 141 ; in Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 305. 
 
2G2 NOTES, 
 
 Theme. The Ascension of Christ. 
 
 Line 14. Monte chrisinatis : Matt, xxviii., 1G; Acts x., 38; 
 Heb. i.. 9. Let the student search up the other Biblical expres- 
 sions. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Daniel 1,208 (one stanza); Trench, p. 217 ; Beda's Works, 
 ed. Giles, 1, 97. 
 
 Theme. The Cross. 
 
 Line 15. Quae: thou who; the antecedent is implied in tuis; 
 so quae in line 17. — 21. Gratulor: the subject is Saint Andrew. 
 the Protoclete, as the Greek Church calls him (John i., 40). See 
 line 29. He is said to have been crucified at Patrae, in Achaia. 
 When he saw his cross at a distance, he cried out : " Hail, precious 
 cross ! that hast been consecrated by the body of my Lord, and 
 adorned with his limbs as with rich jewels. I come to thee ex- 
 ulting and glad ; receive me with joy into thy arms. O good 
 cross, that hast received beauty from our Lord's limbs, I have 
 ardently loved thee; long have I desired and sought thee; now 
 thou art found by me, and art made ready for my longing soul; 
 receive me into thy arms, taking me from among men, and present 
 me to my Master; that he who redeemed me on thee, may re- 
 ceive me by thee." Acts of St. Andrew ; Lives of the Saints, iv. T 
 422. These " ardent breathings," by whomsoever written, kin- 
 dled a like fervor in St. Bernard and other kindred souls, and the 
 hymn above is but a versification of them. 
 
 XIII. PAULUS DIACONUS. 
 Life. — Paul, also called Waunefrid, was born at Friuli, i. e., 
 Forum Iulii, about 735. He was educated in the court of the 
 Lombard kings at Pavia. He retired to a monastery, and is 
 sometimes called Paulus Monachus, often Diaconics. He wrote a 
 valuable history of the Lombards of his own time, and Latin 
 verses, lie died about 798. 
 
 Tin: Hymn. 
 In Daniel, 1, 201); Konigsfeld, bat. Hymnen und Qesange, 1, 
 66. The hymn is famous, as having afforded to Guido Arctinus 
 
PAULUS DIACONUS — ALCUIN, 84-8G. 263 
 
 the names of the notes in his musical scale — ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la; 
 the first letters in each verse. The si is a later addition, perhaps 
 from the first letters of Sancte Iohannes. Bi, taken from labii, was 
 earlier used, and ut has lately been changed to do, for mouthing. 
 Weitzius, as given in Daniel, complains of the idolatrous use of 
 the hymn as a charm for recovering the voice, the singers think- 
 ing John their God — " tutelaris Deus." 
 
 Theme. John the Baptist the giver of utterance. 
 
 Line 1, 2. Queant: the subject is famuli, thy servants; the 
 clause is subordinate, denoting purpose after solve. — Laxis flbris is 
 intended to express a good condition of voice. — 5, 6. Solve rea- 
 tum, quash the indictment, relieve the condition. The stanza is 
 usually printed in four lines, three Sapphics and an Adonic. — 
 8. Nuntius, ayyfXoQ, Luke i., 11 ; it goes with Oltjmpo, as ange- 
 lus with Sion. — 10. Patri, Zacharias. — 13. Seriem gerendae vi- 
 tae: the angel announced (promit) three things: the birth (te 
 nasciturum), the name (nomen), and the course of life to be led, in 
 order.— 15-18. Luke i., 20.— 19-21. Luke i., 64.-22-25. Luke i., 
 41. — Obtruso, hidden, lit., stopped up. — Thalamo : see p. 12, Hymn 
 IV. of Ambrose, line 13. — 20, 27. Uterque parens: Zacharias 
 and Elizabeth. One was enabled, meritis nati^ to tell the name of 
 John, the other to recognize Christ. 
 
 XIV. ALCUIN. 
 Life. — Alcuin, A.-Sax. Alepine, was born at York about 735 ; 
 was noble, a monk, deacon, teacher, author; is best known as 
 the friend of Charlemagne, and the founder of organized learning 
 in France; died 804. He was called ATbinus for Alcuinus (un- 
 pronounceable in France) ; and in the Royal Academy, where the 
 members used fanciful names, he called himself Flaccus, from 
 Horace, the king being David, Angilbert Homerus, and so on. 
 His name is often given Flaccus Albinus Alcuinus. He left 
 many theological works, poems, and letters. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 Alcuini Opera, Froben., 2, 152. Konigsfeld, Lat, Hymnen und 
 Gesange, 2, 122. It is given partly for the alliteration in it, 
 
264 NOTES. 
 
 3s in the folk poetry of the Anglo-Saxons. See March's Anglo- 
 Saxon Grammar, p. 223-227. But it is a noble hymn; the high- 
 est truth, in the tenderest relations, simply and sweetly expressed. 
 
 Theme. Man the image of God, the body his temple. 
 
 Line 1. Homo alliterates with alnu\ the h being silent, as was 
 frequent in France, occasional in Anglo-Saxon. March, 503, 2, b. 
 2. Fectore alliterates with pads, mente with amove, a double alliter- 
 ation in pairs. March, 504, c. — 3. MoJo : muridi, parva :\)avs< ir- 
 regularly arranged pairs. — 4. $ed:Sancte:: Solus, a perfect line in 
 its alliteration. March, 504. — Supply quia est, but because he 
 alone, Holy One, is a mighty image of thee, Creator. The starry 
 heavens and the idea of right are the most sublime objects, ac- 
 cording to Kant. Of the first, the minidus, man is but parva pars; 
 in the second, magna pais, solus. — G. Peetore, appositive with 
 arce, a repetition of the idea in different words, a most marked 
 trait of Anglo-Saxon style. March, 287, definitive. — 8, Ora : 
 VLtque alliterate. — 10. Virgo, Eulalia, i. e. Gundrada, cousin of 
 Charlemagne, lily of his court. — 11. Caveto, leep in mouth these 
 pious words. — 12. Tua tempora tota. all thy times, i. e., thee at 
 all times. — 13. Cui, for Christ. — Te dirige, dress thyself, keep 
 thyself in order. — 15. Sine : \fine, the rhyme answers for allitera- 
 tion. — 10. Qui, Christ. — 17. Forma salutis, farm, in its old sense; 
 formal cause; shaping and completing energy. 
 
 XV. THEODULPHUS. 
 Life. — TiiEODULrn was probably of German blood, but is said 
 to have been born in Italy or Spain. Pie was bishop of Orleans, 
 in France, and died there, 821. Of his works, which include 
 many poems, only one hymn has attained fame. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 In Daniel, 1, 215; Wackernagel, 1, 88; the Breviaries. Trans- 
 lations by Xeale, Mediaeval Hymns, p. 2o-25. It is said to have 
 been composed at Metz, others say Angers, in prison, and sung 
 from the dungeon window, as the Emperor Louis was passing to 
 the cathedral, on Palm-Sunday. The good bishop was at onec 
 
THEODULPHUS — NOTKERUS VETUSTIOR, 87, 88. 265 
 
 set free. It was used in the Protestant Church in the sixteenth 
 century, and it is called celeoer et praeclarus. 
 
 Theme. " They took branches of palm-trees, and went forth 
 to meet him, and cried, Hosanna : blessed is the King of Israel 
 that cometh in the name of the Lord." — John xii., 13; Matt. 
 xxi., 8. 
 
 Line 2. Puerile decus, youthful oeauty, i. e., the most comely 
 youths. Matt, xxi., 15. — 3. Israel, undeclined ; some supply es. 
 Other verses were added, unequal to Theodulf 's, e. g. : 
 
 " Sis pins ascensor tu, nos quoque. simus asellus, 
 Tecum nos capiat nrbs veneranda Dei." 
 
 "Be Thou, O Lord, the Rider, 
 And we the little ass ; 
 That to God's Holy City 
 Together we may pass." 
 
 XVI. NOTKERUS VETUSTIOR. 
 
 Life. — Notker, surnamed Babulus, the stammerer, was a learned 
 Benedictine monk of the Monastery of St. Gall, in Switzerland, 
 who died in 912. He is to be distinguished from the younger 
 Notker, also a monk of St. Gall, whose version of the Psalms is 
 so important a monument of Old German. In the old Church 
 service, between the Epistle and the Gospel an alleluia was sung, 
 and the last syllable, -ia, was prolonged 40, 50, or even 100 notes, 
 to give time for the deacon to go from the altar to the rood-loft, 
 where he sang the Gospel. Notker first put words in place of 
 the prolonged alleluia. These were called Sequences and Proses, 
 because written in rhythmical prose without proper meter. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 328 ; Mone, 1,397; Wackernagel, 1, 94; and 
 elsewhere. This world-famous hymn is said to have been com- 
 posed while watching the samphire-gatherers on the precipices 
 around St. Gall ; perhaps it was in the mind of Shakespeare when 
 he wrote, in his description of the cliffs of Dover ; 
 
 M 
 
266 NOTES. 
 
 " Half-way down 
 Hangs one that gathers samphire; dreadful trade V 
 
 King Lear, iv., 5 (6). 
 
 Theme. Death. Compare the English Burial Service. 
 Line 1, 2. Media vita in morte sumus, in the midst of life we 
 are in death — in the realm of death, temporal and spiritual. 
 
 "Unicuique mortalium sub quotidianis vitae huius casibus innumera- 
 biles mortes quodammodo eomminantur." — Augustine, De Civ. Dei, 1, 
 9; Mone, 1,398. 
 
 " Thy root is ever in its grave, 
 And thou must die." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 "Men look on death as lightning, always far 
 Off or in heaven. They know not it is in 
 Themselves, a strong and inward tendency, 
 The soul of every atom, every hair." 
 
 Festus. 
 
 — 9, 10. Amarae mortis the sting of death is sin. 1 Cor. xv., 56 ; 
 see also the note on Mors, p. 229, VIII, 25. 
 
 "But, above all, believe it, the sweetest canticle is, 'Nunc dimittis,' 
 when a man hath obtained worthy ends and expectations." — Bacon, 
 Essay on Death. 
 
 Hymn H. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 5 ; Wackernagel, 1, 69. Translation, or version, 
 by Luther, " Gelobet seist Du, Jesu Christ ;" in English, by Schaff, 
 Christ in Song, p. 53. It is used as a sequence after the hymn at 
 cock-crow on Christmas. Wackernagel attributes it to Gregory. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 3; Wackernagel, 1, 95. It is used as a sequence 
 at the same place in the service as Hymn II. 
 
 Theme. Christmas. 
 
 Line 4. Maris stella, Star of the sea, i. e., the Virgin Mary. 
 This is the earliest use of this name known. It took strong hold 
 of the imagination of the Christian world; sec the next hymn. — 
 Claudia, Christ, used like the English Joy, for the person who 
 gives joy; see examples in the Lexicon. -5. (Juem, Christ : the an- 
 tecedent is gaudia, by synesis. II., 445, 5 ; A. and (J., 48, 2, b.— 
 
AUCTOR INCERTUS, 90,91. 267 
 
 6. Coluber: Rev. xii., 9.-7. Ovis: Luke xv.,4; Matt, xviii., 12. 
 — 9. Drachma: Luke xv., 8. — 15, Pastor pius: John x., 11. — 
 Galeam: Eph. vi., 17. 
 
 XVII. AUCTOR INCERTUS. 
 
 The following hymn is ascribed to Fortunatus, (see page 64) by 
 Wackernagel, after Thomasius ; Daniel places it in the 6th-9th 
 century, Mone later still. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 In Daniel, 1, 204; Mone, 2, 216; Wackernagel, 1, 67; all the 
 Breviaries. Hymns unnumbered have been made in Latin, Ger- 
 man, and other languages, in imitation of it, or on its suggestion. 
 In English, the Evening Hymn of Mrs. Hemans is most familiar. 
 Mrs. Charles gives a prose translation in Christ. Life in Song, p. 207. 
 Theme, The Virgin Mary. 
 
 Line 1. Maris stella: There was a great fondness for making 
 proper names significant in the early Church, and as they knew 
 no Hebrew, they sought the meanings in Latin. They took Ma- 
 ria to be from mare, the sea. The two leading texts were " con- 
 gregationes aquarum appellavit Maria. Et vidit Deus quod es- 
 set bonum," Gen. i., 10; "super maria fundavit eum," Psalm 
 xxiii., 2. The Virgin Mary is accordingly the sea with many 
 early poets : 
 
 " Omnes rivi cursim fluunt, 
 Et in sinum maris ruunt, 
 Mare hinc non effluit ; 
 Ad Mariam, tanquam mare, 
 Peccatores currunt, quare ? 
 Quia nullum respuit, 
 
 O, Maria ! 
 Semper dulcis, semper pia. " 
 
 Auct. Incert., xiv. Cent. 
 
 She is also often spoken of as a star, the sun, the moon. The 
 two figures are fused in stella maris. " Sicut stella praestat 
 ducatum nautis ut veniant ad portum, ita ducatu virginis Ma- 
 riae venimus ad portum, i. e., ad Christum." Hilarius, in Dan- 
 iel, 1, 205. — 4-8. The comparison of Eve with the Virgin is 
 
268 NOTES. 
 
 very common from the time of Irenaeus. Then it was suggest- 
 ed that tlif name Eva was a mystical forerunner of the salutation 
 of Gabriel, by which the virgin was made to conceive. See note 
 on p. 249, line 2 : " Deus per angelum," etc. And finally the 
 word of salutation are was interpreted as from a, ab, and vae, 
 woe. The stanza means, "Conceiving Christ by the Ave from 
 the mouth of Gabriel, give us firm peace with God, changing the 
 word Eva to Ave, the wholesome token of Christ." — 12. Pray for 
 us. — 13, Matrem, mother of us all, as of John. John xix., 26, 27. 
 — 14. Suinat agrees with the antecedent of qui, Christ. 
 
 XVIII. ROBERTUS, REX. 
 Life. — Robert II., son of Hugh Capet, born 971, succeeded 
 his father on the throne of France, 997. His life is at hand in 
 histories and dictionaries. " Sismondi (Hist, des Francais, iv., 
 98) brings him very vividly before us in all the beauty of his 
 character, and also in all his evident unfitness, a man of gentle- 
 ness and peace, for contending with the men of iron by whom 
 he was surrounded. " Trench, p. 195. He got himself excom- 
 municated by the pope by marrying his second cousin, and had 
 many sore troubles, both domestic and public. He was a com- 
 poser of music as well as of hymns. He died in 1031. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 35; Mone, 1, 244; Wackernagel, 1, 105; Trench, 
 p. 19G ; and in most modern Breviaries and collections. There 
 are also many translations in many languages : in English, by 
 Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 185; Hymns of the Ages, 
 p. 51 ; the Seven Great Hymns, p. 12G. It is often mentioned as 
 next in rank among hymns to the "Dies Irae"— first in " loveli- 
 ness," as that is first in terror. 
 
 Theme. The Holy Spirit, the Comforter. 
 
 Line 2. Coelifos, adv., p. 282.— 3. Hymn I.,p. 218.— 4. Pater 
 panperum : Matt, v., 3.-8, f). Duleis : " Gustemus saltern, quani 
 Buavis est Dominus, quia dedit nobis pignus Spiritual, in quo 
 S'-ntiamus eius dulcedinem et desideremus ipsum vitac fontem. 
 
PETEUS DAMIANI, 94-96. 269 
 
 ubi sobria ebrietate inundemur et irrigemur." Augustine, De 
 Agone Christi, 10; Mone, 1, 245. — 17. Nihil: Trench suggests 
 quicquid. — 19. Lara, riga: John iii., 5 ; Isaiah xliv., 3 ; xxxv., 6, 7. 
 — 24. Sana: Luke x., 33, 34.— 25. Da septenarium. See (p. 77, 
 VI., line 9) Septiformis, and the note upon it, p. 260. 
 
 XIX. PETRUS DAMIAOT. 
 Life. — Peter (Pietro) Damiani was born at Ravenna, 1002. 
 He was the intimate friend of Hildebrand, afterward Pope Greg- 
 ory VII., and was made by him cardinal-bishop of Ostia, 1057. 
 He was a zealous helper in the reformation of the Church by 
 Hildebrand, whom yet he called Saiictus Satanas. He laid down 
 the cardinal's hat, and spent some years of retirement as abbot of 
 Santa Croce d'Abellano before he died, 1072. He wrote much 
 Latin verse, of which the hymn " De Gaudiis Paradisi," given on 
 
 p. 45, is best known. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 224 ; Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 
 112; Trench, p. 278. Translations by Dr. Neale, Mediaeval 
 Hymns, p. 52 ; E. C. Benedict, in SchaflPs Christ in Song, p. 640. 
 Neale speaks of it as " This awful hymn, the ' Dies Irae ' of indi- 
 vidual life." 
 
 Theme. The Day of Death. 
 
 Line 10. Partes, parties, companies. — 11. Tirtutes: Romans 
 viii., 38 ; Coloss. i., 16 ; a use frequent in the hymns. — 12.Propius, 
 nearer than the other party to the dying man. — Meritanij his 
 desert. — 23. Latum : 
 
 "Lord, who hast formed me out of mud." — George Herbert. 
 
 — Pervolvitur, it icelters. — 24. Ut carcerati: supply sohuntur 
 laetabundi, i. e., rejoice when freed. — 26. Dirae Pestis, Satan. — 
 Incursant, make raids, beset the road. — 27. Et diversa, etc.zr: 
 Vitii cuiusque, etc., line 30. — 33. Ab pudore, from, i. e., by reason 
 of the disgrace of the enemy. — 36. Dracontea: adjective formed 
 from draco, and meaning ^' or belonging to a dragon. It is in the 
 last edition of White and Riddle's Latin Diet.— 38, 39. His (spi- 
 ns). — 42. Ius, right, power. — 43. Pars. See line 10.— 45. Where 
 
270 NOTES. 
 
 I may enjoy thee, the cause of life, for ages. Konigsf. Others read 
 videndi for vivemli: Where by reason of seeing thee, I may enjoy 
 (thee or life) for ages. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 223; Konigsfeld, 2, 150; the Breviarium Roma- 
 num. It may interest the student to see how much of this hymn 
 lie can find in former hymns. Compare especially the Paschal 
 hymns of Ambrose, XL, XIL, p. 33, 34. 
 
 Theme. Easter. 
 
 Line 37-30. See p. 236, note on line 3 of Hymn XI.— 48. Fla- 
 mini, the Spirit. Flamen :fo : : Spiritus : spiro. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 225 ; Konigsfeld, 2, 154. 
 
 Theme. Paul. 
 
 Line 1. Doctor egrregie. See p. 250, 251, notes on the hymn of 
 Elpis, lines 5, 13. — 2. The Greek service for February 15 has 
 XlavXog caXiriyZ Otia. Chrysostom, De Terrae motu, 9, calls him 
 kvpa rod Trvevftarog. Konrad of Gaming calls Peter and Paul Bi- 
 nae tubae argenteae. Mone, 3, 93. 
 
 ''Tuba Domini, Paule, maxima, 
 De coelestibus dans tonitrua, 
 Hostes dissipans, cives aggrega." 
 
 Abelakd, in Trench, p. 207. 
 
 The trumpets of silver were used for calling the assembly (Num. 
 x., 2), and for the heartening of the people against their enemies 
 (Num. x., 9; xxxi., 6). — 3. Nubes: Qui sunt isti qui ut /ntbes vo- 
 lant? Isaiah lxx., 8. A passage often applied to the apostles. 
 See p. 185, III., 2, and note.— 10. 2 Cor. xii., 2-4.— 13. Luke viii., 
 11. — 17. Acts xiii.,47. 
 
 XX. MARBOD. 
 life* — Mabbod, born in 1035, of an illustrious family in An- 
 jou, was chosen bishop of Rennes in 1095, and having governed 
 
 his diocese with admirable prudence for thirty years, died in 
 1125. lie left a large amount of Latin poetry, in great part vcrsi- 
 
MARBOD — HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS, 99-102. 271 
 
 fied legends of saints. His poem " De Geinmis " was a great 
 favorite in the Middle Ages. It contains the whole rich mythol- 
 ogy of the period in regard to precious stones and their virtues. 
 His poems are mostly written in leonine verse, i. e., with a middle 
 rhyme to the end, like Hymn II., but he has some good hexame- 
 ters. Trench, p. 275. 
 
 Poem I. 
 
 Hildeberti et Marbodi Opera, p. 1615 ; Trench, Sacred Latin 
 Poetry, p. 284. 
 
 Theme* The resurrection of the dead. 
 
 Marbod follows closely Tertullian, De Res. Carnis, 12; De 
 Anima, 43 ; Trench, p. 284. The poem presents no difficulties. 
 It has been selected partly for its meter. 
 
 Poem II. 
 
 Hildeberti et Marbodi Opera, p, 1557 ; Trench, Sacred Latin 
 Poetry, p. 275. Leonine trochaic tetrameters are often printed in 
 two lines, as here. 
 
 Theme. A prayer to God-man for pity. 
 
 Line 16, Non est tecum, is not with you, not in accordance with 
 your character. Note the rhyme, aequum : tecum; qu=zc, i. e., 1c; 
 ae=e; others mecum. Lines 1, 2, 21, 22 are from auother hymn. 
 
 XXI. HILDEBERTUS TURONENSIS. 
 
 Life. — Hildebert was born at Lavardin, in France, in 1057 ; 
 
 was a scholar of Berengarius ; teacher of theology at Mans ; bishop 
 
 of Mans, 1097 ; archbishop of Tours (hence called Turonensis), 
 
 1125 ; died in 1134. He was one of the most eminent men of his 
 
 time for learning and piety, and left many writings, among them 
 
 more than ten thousand verses. Dr. Neale and Archbishop 
 
 Trench express the liveliest admiration for a few passages of his 
 
 poetry. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 2, 174, where also is a 
 translation into German. Hild. et Marbod. Opera, p. 1178. 
 Theme. The Christian's love of Christ. 
 Line 1. Turtur: usually masculine, is here feminine. — Inane, 
 
272 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 «%, in contrast with the effects of love mentioned in verses 3, 4. 
 —8. Tenebit (maritum in memoria). Many poets have cele- 
 brated the turtle. Compare : 
 
 " I heard a stock-dove sing or say 
 
 His homely tale, this very day ; 
 
 His voice was buried among trees 
 
 Yet to be come at by the breeze ; 
 
 He did not cease; but cooed — and cooed- 
 
 And somewhat pensively he wooed ; 
 
 He sang of love with quiet blending, 
 
 Slow to begin and never ending ; 
 
 Of serious faith and inward glee ; 
 
 That was the song— the song for me!" 
 
 Wordsworth. 
 —12. Se, Christo.— 16. Aeth(e)re.— 17. Inde futurum, will come 
 t7ience.— 18. Microcosmum, mankind, the little world, in distinc- 
 tion from the macrocosm. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Trench, Sacred Latin Poetry, p. 323 ; Hildeberti et Marbodi 
 Opera, p. 1337; Mone, 1, 14 (90 lines); Neale's Hymns on the 
 Joys and Glories of Paradise, p. 27, an extract with a translation ; 
 Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 2, 176, an extract with 
 translation. Hugh of St. Victor quotes from it and praises it. 
 Trench reserves it as a "grand close" to his book. "It rises:' 
 he says, " in poetical animation, until towards the end it equals 
 the very best productions which Latin Christian poetry any where 
 can boast," 
 
 Theme. The Father, the Son, the Holy Ghost, the Trinity, the 
 New Jerusalem. 
 
 Line 1. Read Q by its sound, as we read the letter in En- 
 glish—not by its name, omega. Compare p. 51, line 9: "a et 12 
 cognominatus." Rev. i., 8.-2. Heli 5 i. e., Eli. Mark xv., 34 ; 
 Matt, xxvii, 4G. The confusion of IPs in foreign proper names 
 Lb great. The letter was slightly sounded or silent in France. — 
 J). Totum posse, to be able to do all. Supply est.— 7. Supply qui 
 <*. — 25. Necesse; used substantively — necessity does not change 
 thy being.— 27. .Nostrum lieri, owyesterday is always now to thee. 
 
HILDEBERTUS TUKONENSIS, 104-109. 273 
 
 — 31. Hoc, i. e., sempitemo hodierno.Si:. Giving form to the ele- 
 ments of the world. — 37. Heb. i., 3. — 47, 48. Assumptus, con- 
 suinptus : " Homo assumptus est a Deo, non in homine consump- 
 tus est Deus." Augustine, Ep., 170, 9 ; Mone, 1, 19. — 50. Carnis 
 yeritate corresponds in construction to Beitate. — 55, 56. " Non 
 potes dicere, si Christus natus fuisset et hominem vere induisset, 
 Deus esse desisset, amittens quod erat, dum assumit quod non 
 erat ; periculum enim status sui Deo nullum est." Tertull., De 
 Carne Christi, 3. "Accessit illi homo, non amissus est Deus." 
 Augustine, in Ev. John, 1, 8, 3. — 85. Usiae, substance (ovaia) ; 
 unitatem usiae is an imitation of bjioovala, and classes Hildebert 
 among the orthodox Homoousians, in distinction from the heretic 
 Homoiousians. — 92. Here error is not without harm. — 99. ^il prae- 
 tendo, "nothing in my hand I bring." — 103. Cataplasma : u Ex 
 Deo et homine factum est cataplasma, quod sanaret omnes infirnii- 
 tates nostras, Spiritu Sancto tanquam pistillo hasce species suavi- 
 ter in utero Mariae commiscente." Bernard, in Trench, p. 329. — 
 105. Extra portum: Luke vii., 12. With this allusion to the sto- 
 ry of the Widow of Nam, Dr. Neale's extract begins. — 106-112. 
 John xi., 39-44— 113-120. Matt, viii., 26; xiv., 32. Trench 
 thinks that the winds and waves are called piratae by a bold per- 
 sonification ; he is very anxious to avoid introducing new ma- 
 terial in the Scriptural account of Christ's stilling the storm. — 
 121-128. Ficus: Luke xiii., 6-9.— 129-138. Allusion to the lu- 
 natic child : Matt, xvii., 14 ; Mark ix., 22.— 132. TiM soli: Matt, 
 xvii., 16. The disciples can not help me. — 137, 138. Matt, xvii., 
 21.— 141, 142. Timorein, etc. He asks for the fear which is the 
 beginning of wisdom, and yet remembers that perfect love casts 
 out fear. 1 John iv., 18. Fear is the needle which introduces 
 the thread of love, suggests Augustine, commenting on this pas- 
 sage of John : projecto, absolute ; conjecto is indie, present. — 157. 
 Motum, progress in advancement. Neale reads metum : 
 
 " Wholesome fear in wealth Thou sendest." 
 —161, 162. 
 
 "What I need to know, Thou solvest ; 
 What I need not, Thou involvest." 
 
 -»«- c\ Neale. 
 
 M 2 
 
274 n<»tes. 
 
 — 176. Li spin m cruets : a use of the wood of the cross to be 
 added to those mentioned on p. 252, note to Hymn I., line G. 
 Trench has omitted two lines: 
 
 " Cuius claves lingua Petri. 
 Cuius cives semper laeti." 
 
 —177. Lapis vims: 1 Peter ii., 4, C— 178. Matt. xxii., 2.— 179. 
 Rev.xxi, 23.— 188. Matt xvi, 18— 190-192. " O civitas sancta, 
 civitas speciosa, de longinquo te saluto, ad te clamo, te requiro." 
 Augustine, De Spir. et Anim., Trench, p. 332.— 196, 197. Rev. 
 xxi., 19, 20. 
 
 XXII. PETRUS ABAELARDUS. 
 Life. — Peter (Pierre) Abelard was born near Nantes, 1079. 
 He distinguished himself early in the schools of Paris by his 
 mastery of languages and logic. About 1101 he set up a school 
 at Melun, but soon after returned to Paris, and won unrivaled 
 popularity as a teacher and disputant. In 1113 he went to Laon 
 to study divinity with Anselm. He became involved in bitter 
 disputes on questions of philosophy and theology, and had to go 
 back to Paris. There he was more popular than ever. His 
 amour with his pupil Heloise ruined him. After a period of per- 
 secutions he died, 1142. He was the most brilliant man of his 
 times — bold, rationalistic, imaginative, conceited, and pugnacious. 
 His poetry, as well as his other writings, was greatly admired ; 
 but it is the common judgment of late students of his times that 
 u his life was the shipwreck of genius," and " unserviceable to 
 posterity." It is mainly from his connection with Heloise, a k ' far 
 nobler and deeper character than he," that he is now known. 
 Hallam, Middle Ages, iv., 377 ; Trench, p. 20G. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Edelestand du Meril, Poesies Popul. Lat., 1847, p. 444; 
 Trench, p. 251. It is one of a series on the Works of the Days, 
 like that in the Ambrosiani, p. 36-39. It contains an impre s 
 ive and practical thought, and the expression is clear and vigor- 
 ous. There is excellent taste shown in the selection of the me- 
 
PETRUS ABAELARDUS, 110, 111. 275 
 
 ter, and the arrangement of the stanza, with its lengthened final 
 lines, is forcible and pleasing. But, after all, true musical flow is 
 wanting to the rhythm. 
 
 Theme. The sky the dome of the poor man's palace. 
 
 Line 1. Germina ornarnnt: Gen. i., 11, 12. — 2. Luminaria (or- 
 narunt) : Gen. i., 14. — 3. (Coelum) depingitur : Gen. i., 16. — 4. 
 Multus usus, many (a) use ; so in Anglo-Saxon, manig man, in 
 German, and elsewhere ; the article a appears in the latest Anglo- 
 Saxon, Layamon. March's Anglo-Saxon Grammar, 395, 2. — 7. 
 Tuam agrees with se, — 15, 16, Hinc, inde, on one side and on the 
 other side of the poor man's grassy bed : 
 
 " The stars have us to bed : 
 Night draws the curtain ; which the sun withdraws. 
 Music and light attend our head." 
 
 —29, 30. 
 
 " For us the winds do blow, 
 The earth doth rest, heaven move, and fountains flow." 
 
 "More servants wait on man 
 Than he'll take notice of. In every path 
 
 He treads down that which doth befriend him, 
 When sickness makes him pale and wan. 
 Oh, mighty love ! Man is one world, and hath 
 Another to attend him." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 (4 
 
 ratum 
 
 Plus est pauperi videre coelum stellatum quam diviti tectum inau- 
 m." — Augustine, in Trench, p. 252. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 59 ; Mone, 2, 31 ; Wackernagel, 1, 116 ; Konigs- 
 feld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 2, 170. Translations in the old- 
 est German, and so on down to Konigsfeld. 
 
 Theme. The Annunciation. Luke i., 26. 
 
 Line 2-4. u Ad Mariam Virginem non quilibet angelus, sed Gabri- 
 el Archangelus mittitur." Gregory, Horn, in Evang., 2, 34, 8. " Non 
 arbitror, hunc angelum de minoribus esse . . . quod ex eius no- 
 mine palam intelligi datur, quod interpretatum fortitudo Dei di- 
 citur." Bernard, Horn., 1, 2; Mone, 2, 32. For the interpreta- 
 
276 NOTES. 
 
 tion of G(il>ri-(1 as the strength of God, see the dictionaries in Cru- 
 den's Concordance, Webster, Gesenius's Hebrew Diet., p. 177, 
 173. — 1. Suum : others read mam, his own fortitude, an archan- 
 gel. Fortitudo must be used as a sort of proper name. — 6. Ex- 
 pediat, he (amator hominis) dispatched. — 9. Praejudicium, that 
 lie may do injury to nature, or possibly make an exception to nat- 
 ure. — 14. Zyma (Zvtirj), leaven, 1 Cor. v., 8, accusative singular un- 
 declined ; not in the dictionaries. Adam of St. Victor has a 
 hymn beginning Zyma vetus expurgetur, " Let the old leaven be 
 purged out. 1 ' Neale, Mediaeval Hymns, p. 118.— 22. Munda- 
 num principem: John xii., 31.— 28-30. The words of the angel 
 to Mary are taken from the Old Testament. He makes their 
 meaning plain. — 32. Dan.ix., 23. — 33. Dan. x., 11. — 34. Judges 
 vi., 12. — 36. Isaiah vii., 14. Some texts read : 
 
 ' ' Virgo, concipies 
 Magnum Emanuel, 
 In quo conficiet 
 Cuncta bonus Pater, 
 Ut oves liberet." 
 
 — 46-50# Isaiah ix., 6. 
 
 XXIII. BERNARDUS CLARA VALLENSIS. 
 
 Life. — St. Bernard was born 1091, at Fontaine, a castle and 
 lordship of his father, near Dijon, in Burgundy. He was edu- 
 cated for the Church, and became in 1113 a monk of Citeaux, 
 and in 1115 first abbot of Clairvaux. He founded it in a wretch- 
 ed region called the Valley of Wormwood, but it came to be 
 known as Clara Vallis, whence Clarval, and also Clairvaux. 
 He refused further preferment, but was one of the most influen- 
 tial men in Europe. He prevailed on the French and English 
 kings to recognize Innocent II. as pope, preached the crusade of 
 1146, put down heresies (notably those of Abelard), and wrote 
 many sermons, epistles, religious treatises, and poems. In elo- 
 quence and personal influence he was one of the first of men. 
 Be was called Doctor Mellifluous. He died in 1153, and was can- 
 onized in 1 174. 
 
BERNAEDUS CLARAVALLENSIS, 116-119. 277 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 359 ; Mone, 1, 162 ; Wackernagel, 1, 120 ; Trench, 
 p. 137. Translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 
 161. This and the two next pieces are taken from a poem of 
 seven parts, containing nearly four hundred lines, addressed to 
 the members of Christ on the Cross : " Omnia quae omnes divini 
 amoris spirant aestus atque incendia, ut nil possit suavius dul- 
 ciusque excogitari." Daniel. 
 
 Theme. Christ on the Cross ; His Feet. 
 
 Line 8. Mundum: others, nudum. — 15. Meoruin: others, tuo- 
 rum. — 32. Fixuras : the wounds of nails. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 232 ; Wackernagel, 1, 124 ; Trench, p. 139. Trans- 
 lations : a famed version in German, by Paul Gerhardt : 
 
 " O Haupt voll Blut irad Wunden." 
 In English, by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 159 ; 
 Schaff's Christ in Song, p. 162 ; Alexander, and others. It is the 
 best of the seven passion hymns mentioned at Hymn I. 
 Theme. The Face of Christ on the Cross. 
 Line 7. Immntatus : Isaiah lii., 14. — 19. Intersignum, proof, 
 late Lat. — 23. Judges, xiv., 8, 9. — 31, 32. I should rejoice that I 
 am associated with thy holy passion. — 46. Emigrare : 
 
 '* Emigravit is the inscription on the tombstone where he lies ; 
 Dead he is not, but departed." 
 
 Longfellow. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 Another of the seven passion hymns described at Hymn I. It 
 is in Daniel, 4, 227; Wackernagel, 1, 123. A translation in 
 Schaff's Christ in Song, p. 410. 
 
 Theme. The Heart of Christ. 
 
 Line 5. Aiiimes : optative ; may you inspire me that I may speak 
 to you. — 21. Praedilectnm, much loved; praediligo appears in the 
 late Latin, and predilection is in the Romanic languages. — 
 22. Illectunij beguiled. — 24. Tiinoratum, devout, Luke ii., 25.— 
 35. Quid patitur: pregnant with a negative; lie suffers nothing. 
 
278 NOTES. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 Bemardi Opera, ed. Ben., ii., 915 ; Trench, p. 255. 
 Theme. The Vanity of the World. 
 Line 1. Oiimis homo foenum : Isaiah xl., G. — 3. Ut quid, a 
 
 translation of Wa rt, that what (may be done), why. Psalm x., 1 ; 
 
 lxxiv., 1. Gildersleeve.— 5. Psalm ciii., 15.— (>. Eccles. iii., 20.— 
 
 8. Detriments : playing with the resemblance in sound to incre- 
 
 menta. — 10. Job xiv., 2.— 13. Sound etymology.— 14. James iv., 
 
 14.— 29. Gal. vi., 7. 
 
 Hymn V. 
 
 Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesiinge, 2, 202, with a German 
 translation. A companion-piece to Hymn IV. 
 Theme. Vanity of Vanities. 
 Line 8. Judges xv., 14 ; Nahum i., 10. 
 
 Hymn VI. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 227 ; Mone, 1, 329; Wackernagel, 1, 117 ; Trench, 
 p. 246 ; and elsewhere. The original has in Daniel 200 lines ; 
 Trench gives 60, picking and arranging, as do others. The Ro- 
 man Breviary takes from it three separate hymns, the second be- 
 ginning with " Iesu, Rex admirabilis," line 25 ; the third with 
 41 Iesu, decus angelicum," line 49. Translations many, beginning 
 with the old German. In English, Mrs. Charles, Christian Life 
 in Song, p. 163; Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 405 ; Neale, R. Pal- 
 mer, J. W. Alexander, and others. Schaff describes it as " the 
 sweetest and most evangelical (as the Dies Irae is the grandest 
 and the Stahat Mater the most pathetic) hymn of the Middle 
 Ages.'" The stanzas here given are those translated by Mrs. 
 diaries, arranged in her order, with two or three additional stan- 
 zas. That the hymn can be made over in so many ways shows a 
 certain fond lingering around the subject, and no steady flight 
 of the imagination. 
 
 Theme. Jesus. 
 
 Line 1. Supply est. — 3, 4. Supply est. — 12. Quid: a pregnant 
 question* Thou art unutterable. — 13. Dulcedo : Canticles v.. 13- 
 16. 14. Fens vivus: Jeremiah ii., 13; Zach. xiii., 1; John iv., 
 10; vii., 38.— Lumen: John i., 9.— 21. Cum Maria: John x\\, 1. 
 
BERNARDUS CLUNIACENSIS. 123-126. 279 
 
 —33, Intus ferret : Luke xxiv., 32. — 37. Hoc, this, i. e., the state- 
 ment in the stanza before, not included in this selection, that the 
 love of Jesus is most sweet and most tender : 
 " Amor Iesu dulcissimus 
 Et vere suavissimus." 
 — 42. Bibunt: "Bibe Christum quia vitis est; bibe Christum, 
 quia petra est quae vomit aquam ; bibe Christum, quia fons vitae 
 est ; bibe Christum, quia flurnen est cuius impetus laetificat civi- 
 tatem Dei; bibe Christum, quia pax est; bibe Christum, quia flu- 
 mina de ventre eius fluent aquae vitae ; bibe Christum, ut bibas 
 sanguinem quo redemptus es ; bibe Christum, ut bibas sermones 
 eius." Ambrose, in Psalm i., § 33; Mone, 1, 332.-45. Ebriat: 
 of this sobria ebrietas, see note on p. 226, line 1. — 73. Rev. xxii., 1. 
 —74. Rev.xxi., 23.-78. Luke xxii., 69.— 81-84. Rev. v., 9, 10. 
 — 93. Psalm xxiv., 7. 
 
 XXIV. BERNARDUS CLUNIACENSIS. 
 Life. — Bernard of Clugny, sometimes called Bernard of Mor- 
 laix, was a contemporary of St. Bernard, but exact dates are 
 wanting for the events of his life. He was born at Morlaix, in 
 Brittany, of English parents, and was a monk of Clugny under 
 Peter the Venerable (1122-1156). He is known chiefly as the 
 author of the poem from which the following hymn was made. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 
 In Trench, p. 304. The original poem, " De contemptu Mun- 
 di," contains nearly 3000 lines, mostly of bitter satire on the cor- 
 ruptions of the age, but opening with a description of the heav- 
 enly land. From this Trench made the poem here presented, by 
 freely canceling and transposing. It was translated freely by 
 Dr. Neale, u The rhythm of Bernard de Morlaix on the Celestial 
 Country," and again in Mediaeval Hymns, p. 68. Some verses 
 of this have gone home to the imagination and affections of 
 Christians, and been introduced into many collections of hymns. 
 In SchafTs Christ in Song there are three hymns from it, p. 642, 
 645, 647. He says, " This glowing description is the sweetest of 
 
280 NOTES. 
 
 all the New Jerusalem hymns of heavenly homesickness which 
 have taken their inspiration from the last two chapters of Reve- 
 lation." Dr. Neale says that it is "the most lovely, in the same 
 way that the Dies Irae is the most sublime, and the Stabat Mater 
 the most pathetic, of mediaeval poems." The meter is made 
 very difficult by its rhymes, and regular division of the hexame- 
 ter into three parts, and the author was enabled to master it only, 
 as he believed, by special inspiration. 
 
 Part I. The last time. These are the first lines of the poem. 
 They are given, with a translation imitating the rhythm of the 
 original, in The Seven Great Hymns, p. 2, and in SchafT, Christ 
 in Song, p. 643 — two translations by Dr. A. Coles and S. W. Duf- 
 field: 
 
 "These are the latter times, these are not better times; 
 Let us stand waiting ; 
 Lo! how, with awfulness, He, first in lawfulness, 
 Comes arbitrating." 
 
 Line 3. Termiiiet: subjunctive of purpose, G., 545. 
 
 Part II. The heavenly land. 
 
 Line 1. Yivitur: impersonal, the subject implied in the verb — 
 vita vivitur. — 2. Non-breve-vivere: the subject of retribuetur. — 
 4. Plenis : dative for whom. — 9. Syon, the Church. — Babylon, 
 the world. — 13. Hebraeus, a Jew in deed, one having faith. — 
 18. Ibi, in heaven; hie, on earth. — 25. Tunc Iaeob Israel: 
 Israel = Yiden s Denm (Augustine); Lia (Ae/av), Leah, a laboring 
 Christian; Rachel, a contemplative Christian : 
 
 "Lia, quae interpretatur faboriosa, sign ifi cat vitam activam, quae est 
 foecunda in fruetu boni operis, sed parum videt in luce contemplationis. 
 Rachel, quae interpretatur visum principium, designat vitam contempla- 
 tivam, quae est sterilis foris in opere, sed perspicax in contemplatione. 
 Contendunt ergo contemplatio et actio pro amplexu sapientiae," id est, 
 Christi, sui sponsi. — Hugh of St. Victor : Trench, p. 30G. 
 —27. Hymn II. in Schaff. — Lnmina sobria, sad eyes. — 83* HJso- 
 po, i. e., lujxHopo.— 3-1. Rev. xxi., 18, 19.— 30. Concio coelica : 1 Petei 
 ii.. 5. Gemma^ lapis pretiosus. 1 Peter ii., G. Neale translates : 
 "Thy saints build up its fabric, 
 And the Corner-stone is Christ." 
 — 37. Tu, thou (sea) without shore, thou (day) without measure 
 
PETRUS VENEKABILIS, 128-130. 281 
 
 of time, i. e., boundless one in space and time. — Kirns : Psalm 
 xlvi., 4 ; Rev. xxii., 1. — 38. Lapis rims : 1 Peter ii., 4. — 43. Tota 
 negotia (sunt) tonare, (et) conjubilare mala debita (absent), etc. 
 — 45. Urbs Syon aurea. Here begins the third hymn in Schaff, 
 the prime favorite in Neale's rendering : 
 " Jerusalem the golden, 
 
 With milk and honey blest, 
 Beneath thy contemplation 
 
 Sink heart and voice oppvest." 
 — 51. Syon: undeclined. — 53. Affiua, from affluus, abounding, or, 
 as every body now says of every thing, replete with tender (grass- 
 es). It is in the last edition of White and Riddle's Dictionary. 
 — 59. Debita glorificandis, to be bestowed on those to be glorified, 
 " the accessory of our glorification." — 62. Sorte, by condition, by 
 possession. — 67. JS"emo sustinet retexere (to build up in imagina- 
 tion), nemoque promere (to express) ore, quo decore tua moenia 
 (sunt) plena. — 74. Flagro, love. — 75. Meto: i" reap to perish, 
 death is my harvest, I deserve to die. — 76. Quod: conjunction-; 
 supply sum. — 84. Unctio : appositive with gratia. — 85. Darid: 
 undeclined.— 87. Praesta, grant. — 90. Agmine: see line 54. 
 
 XXV. PETRUS VENERABILIS. 
 Life. — Peter the Venerable was born about 1092, of a no- 
 ble family of Auvergne, and was in 1122 elected abbot of Clugny, 
 in Burgundy, which made him chief of a reformed branch of the 
 Benedictine order, the " black monks." He caused the Koran 
 to be translated into Latin, that Mohammedanism might be un- 
 derstood and refuted. He received Abelard into his monastery, 
 and brought about a reconciliation between him and St. Ber- 
 nard. He was probably second only to St. Bernard in general 
 influence. He died in 1156. He left a few poems of some merit 
 and ingenuity. Trench, p. 99. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, p. 1349 ; Trench, p. 157. A trans- 
 lation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 181. Ingenious 
 
2S2 NOTES. 
 
 rhyming seems to have been a favorite occupation at Clugny. 
 Compare the last hymn of Bernard. 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection. 
 
 Line 1, 2. Fortior (Christ) siistulit vim forth (Death). — 5. For 
 the descent of Christ to Hades, see p. 227, note on Hymn IV., 
 line 19, inferos. — 15. Illi, Satan. — 17. Qui, Satan. For the 
 thought that Satan destroyed himself in destroying Christ, see p. 
 229, note on Hymn VIIL, line 25. — 21. Die prima, on the Jlnt 
 day of the week. John xx., 1. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 2, 166, with a Ger- 
 man translation. 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection. 
 
 Line 8, 9. Reddita, restored by man-and-God, i. e., Christ. — 10. 
 Quain (vitam) he bore in himself and conferred on thee. — 12. 
 Deposita, set aside, conquered. — 14 9 15. Dat locum, gives jAace, 
 yields the throne to human dust, i.e., to Christ. — 16, 17. Se 
 praeferet vel eonferet, will pretend to be greater than or equal 
 to this. — 19. Calcabilis, caleo-{- -bills, to be trampled, late Lat. — 
 22, 23. Sumiuis virtutibus contremescentibus. Compare lines 13, 
 14, on p. 71. — 25-30. Genesis iii., 5. — 32. Potuit : Adam is the 
 subject. This stanza explains the former. — 37. " Hie, quern horri- 
 cla sedes habuit, meruit tenere paternum solium per Dei Filium," 
 He, whom Hades held, deserves heaven. — 46. Penitus, remote. 
 — 47. Coelitus: adv. from heaven. For the ending -tits, see 
 March's Comparative Anglo-Saxon Grammar, p. 36. This word 
 is common (post classic), though not in Andrews's Lexicon. 
 
 XXVI. ADAM DE ST. VICTORE. 
 
 Life. — Adam of St. Victor was born in Britannia, whether 
 Great Britain or Bretagne is not known, nor is the date of his 
 birth. Be studied in Paris, and there entered the religious foun- 
 dation of St. Victor, and died there between 1172 and 1192. 
 Several of his hymns were in early use, but only thirty-seven or 
 thirty-eight were known till M.Gautier examined the manuscripts 
 
ADAM DE ST. VICTORE, 134. 283 
 
 of the abbey and published 106 hymns ((Euvres PoStiques 
 d'Adani de St. Victor. Paris, 1858). Trench says : 
 
 " His profound acquaintance with the whole circle of the theology of 
 his time, and eminently with its exposition of Scripture ; the abundant 
 and admirable use, w r ith indeed the drawback already mentioned (too 
 free and curious use), which he makes of it, delivering, as he thus does, 
 his poems from the merely subjective cast of those, beautiful as they are, 
 of St. Bernard ; the exquisite art and variety with which for the most 
 part his verse is managed and his rhymes disposed ; their rich melody, 
 multiplying and ever deepening at the close ; the strength which he oft- 
 en concentrates into a single line ; his skill in conducting a story ; and, 
 most of all, the evident nearness of the things which he celebrates to his 
 own heart of hearts — all these and other excellences render him, as 
 far as my judgment goes, the foremost among the sacred Latin poets of 
 the Middle Ages."— P. 57, 58. 
 
 Neale thinks, " if this estimate have a fault, it hardly does this 
 wonderful poet justice." Rainbach calls him "the Schiller of 
 the Middle Ages." It needs a good deal of peculiar familiarity 
 with poetical pietistic ingenuities to rise to these heights of en- 
 thusiasm about him, but, remembering George Herbert, it becomes 
 intelligible. Inexpressible love makes all dallying dear. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Mone, 2, 85; Gautier, 1, 10; Trench, p. Ill ; Neale, Se- 
 quentiae, p. 80. " The richest and fullest of the Nativity hymns." 
 Trench. 
 
 Theme. The Nativity. 
 
 Line 1. "Christus natus non est per conditionem, sed per po- 
 testatem." Augustine, De Trim, 3, 26; Mone, 2, 86,-80 Fac- 
 tura, the thing made, man. So Factor /actus creatura, p. 104, line 
 38. — 6. Locus, aetas, space, time. — 7. 'O axupnrog xupzirai. Mone, 
 2, 87.-8. Compare Hildebert, p. 104, lines 45-50.— 11, 12. Luke 
 ii., 10-13 ; Matt, iv., 11 ; Luke xxii., 43 ; Matt, xxviii., 2.— 13-16. 
 Luke ii., 14. — 17. Causa, the material cause, the explanation from 
 nature. — Modus, the modal or final cause, the shaping reason. 
 Guilty men are the visible, material cause of the incarnation, the 
 real reason is the will of God, just and kind. " Si veritatem 
 quaeris natura, humanam cognosce materiam, si rationem scruta- 
 
2 SI NOTES. 
 
 rig originis, virtutcm confitcre divinani." Leo. Serm. 22. 2.— 
 17-21. He plays with m, and conditum, condimentum. — 22. Pig- 
 ment is spiced wine-and-honey,Webst.; late Lat. — 23, 24. Matt, 
 
 xxvii., 34; Psalm lxix., 21.— 20-28. Luke x., 34.-29-32. 2 
 Kings iv., 7-37. See St. Bernard on Elisha as a type of Christ, in 
 Cant. Serin., 15, 16; Monc.— 33. Gigas: see p. 12, Hymn IV. of 
 Ambrose, line 15, and the note, p. 227. — 35, 3G. Matt, xviii., 13; 
 Luke xv., 3-7. — 38. Oreo : abl. of separation. — Lapsum porno, 
 man. Genesis iii. — 39, 40. The parable of the ten pieces of sil- 
 ver was interpreted to relate to the nine ranks of angels who 
 were not lost, and the one race of men who were. Luke xv., 7-9. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 68; Gautier, 1, 82; Trench, p. 153; Konigsfeld, 
 Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 134, with translation into Ger- 
 man. Translation into English by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in 
 Song, p. 183. 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection of Christ. The coincidence of the 
 natural and spiritual spring. 
 
 Nvv tap KoafAiKov, tap TrvevfiariKov ' tap \jsvxcuG } tap aw^aaiv ' tap 
 opJj/itvov, tap aoparov. — Gregory of Nazianzum, Easter Sermon : 
 Trench, p. 153. 
 
 Line 7. Sollemnia, festivities of spring at Easter. — 12. Alta, 
 heights, upper regions. — 14. Renovantur, are renewed so as to 
 freely exhibit their qualities. — 23. Prineeps mundi, Satan. John 
 xiv., 30.— 27. Quo, Christ. John xiv., 30.— 33. Praebet : cher- 
 ubim is sometimes incorrectly used as a singular. Perhaps we 
 should read praebent; or the punctuation may be changed so as 
 to read (Vita, Christ) "praebet viam facilem amovendo versatilem 
 gladium cherubim." Chcruoim : undeclined, genitive plural.— 
 34. Versatilem: Genesis iii., 24. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Trench, p. 175. A translation in Mrs. Charles's Christian 
 Life in Song, p. 187, where it Is given, I know r not on what 
 grounds of external evidence, to Adam of St. Victor. 
 
 Theme. The Holy Ghost. 
 
 Line 3. Coelitus, from heaven. See note on line 47 of Hymn 
 
ADAM DE ST. VICTORE, 188-140. 285 
 
 II. of Petrus Venerabilis, p. 282. — 4. Donum was used as a proper 
 name of the Holy Ghost, the gift by eminence. So Augustine 
 (Enchir., 12), Aquinas (Sum. Theol., 1, 38), and elsewhere. — 5. 
 Digitus, the finger, that wrote the law. See line 10 of Hymn VI. 
 of Gregory, on p. 77, and the note, p. 260. Other copies read 
 i&zfor lex. — 9, 10. Septiforme donum septiformis gratiae. Isaiah 
 xi., 2. See, on p. 260, note on line 9 of Gregory's Hymn. — 11. 
 Septifarius, late adj., sevenfold beatitudes. Matt, v., 3-10. — 12. 
 The seven petitions of the Lord's Prayer. Matt, vi., 9 ; Luke xi., 
 2-4. " Septem ergo petitiones in Dominica Oratione, ut septem 
 dona mereamur Spiritus Sancti, quibus recipiamus septem virtu- 
 tes, per quas, a septem vitiis liberati, ad septem perveniamus be- 
 atitudines." Hugh of St. Victor. — 13, Mx: Isaiah i., 18. Com- 
 pare note on lues, p. 242, line 12 of Hymn I. — 14. Ignis: Exod. 
 iii., 2. — 15. Pugil, wrestler. Genesis xxxii., 24. — 16. Propina- 
 tor, -is 5 ru., giver of drink first, then giver of other things, from 
 propino, which is in the dictionaries. Luke xxi., 15. — 18. Fla- 
 meii, Spiritus, common in the Hymns. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 73 ; Gautier, 1, 115 ; Trench, p. 187. It is simple 
 as need be except in its rhyming. 
 
 Theme. The Holy Ghost. 
 
 Line 25. Supply est. — 66. Disparitas, -tatis, f., inequality, late 
 Latin. See disparity in Webster's Dictionary. Supply est. 
 
 Hymn V. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 84 ; Gautier, 2, 425 ; Wackernagel, 1, 128 ; Trench, 
 p. 62 ; and elsewhere. It usually begins with a stanza here omit- 
 ted: 
 
 "Iucundare, plebs ficlelis," etc. 
 
 Translation in Neale's Mediaeval Hymns, p. 107. 
 
 Theme. The Holy Evangelists, as seen in Rev. iv., 6-8 ; Ezek. 
 i.,4-28; x., 9-22. 
 
 Line 1-4. Animalia (£wa), living creatures, rather than " beasts.^ 
 Rev. iv., 6.— 5-8. Rev. iv., 7— 9-16. The distribution of the liv- 
 ing creatures to the evangelists here made is that of Jerome 
 (Comm. in Ezek. i. ; Prol. in Matt. ; Ep. 50), Ambrose (Prol. in 
 
286 NOTES. 
 
 Luc. 7, 8), Gregory the Great (Horn. 4 in Ezek.; Mor. xxxi., 47), 
 and prevailed through the Middle Ages. Earlier there was 
 much fluctuation. Augustine and Beda, for example, make the 
 lion, Matthew ; the man, Mark ; the calf, Luke ; the eagle, John. 
 Irenaeus makes the lion, John; the eagle, Mark ; and see further, 
 Trench, p. 63. — 14-16. Matt, iv., 21 — 17-20. Matt, i., 1-16.— 
 21-24. It is not so much the character of the evangelists that is 
 seen in these figures as the character of Christ as presented in 
 each Gospel. In Luke he appears as the Victim (Bos), interpret- 
 ing and superseding the rites with victims under the old law. 
 In another hymn Adam says, or sings : 
 
 " Kitus bovis Lucae datui, 
 In qua forma figuratur 
 
 Nova Christus hostia : 
 Ara cruris mansuetus 
 Hie mactatur, sicque vetus 
 Transit observantia." 
 
 — 25-28. In Mark the resurrection of Christ is specially set forth. 
 It was an early belief that the lion's whelps were born dead, and 
 roused to life on the third day by the roaring of their sire. This 
 w T as taken as a type of the resurrection ; so Adam says in another 
 
 ^ ' " Est leonis rugientis 
 
 Marco vultus, resurgentis 
 
 Quo claret potentia : 
 Voce Fatris excitatus 
 Surgit Christus, laureatus 
 
 Immortali gloria/' 
 
 20. Ala foina : compare " Columba sancta ecclesia est, quae 
 duas alas habet per dilectionem Dei et proximi [our neighbor] ; a 
 dextris dilectionem Dei, a sinistris dilectionem proximi." Hugh 
 of St. Victor, Serm. 97. John represents Christ as ascending to 
 glory.— 37-40. Matthew, the nativity; Luke, the passion ; Mark, 
 the resurrection; John, the ascension. — 45-48. For the move- 
 ments of the wheels and the wings, see Ezckiel i., 15-25; x., 8- 
 22. As applied to the evangelists, the movement of the wheels 
 is the earthly life of Christ; of the wings, the heavenly, and they 
 go on together (aequaU8).—4:d*&l, " Quemadmodum unus fluvius 
 
ADAM DE ST. VICTORE, 143. 287 
 
 erat Paradisi, qui in quatuor capita dividitur ; ita rmica Christi 
 evangelica doctrina per quatuor ministros ad irrigaudum et foe- 
 cundandum ecclesiae hortum est distributa." Jerome, Ep. ad 
 Eusebium. In ancient art we often find a hill surmounted by a 
 cross, and four streams flowing from it. In the cupola of St. 
 Mark's, at Venice, the evangelists appear as four old men, each 
 with an urn, from which a stream flows. Trench, p. GO. Mat- 
 thew is Gihon ; Mark, Tigris ; Luke, Euphrates ; John, Pison. 
 Neale. — 53. Fons : see p. 127, lines 37, 88, and note. — 57. Defori- 
 atis (late Latin, frequent), inebriatus, drunken, or filled. " Spiritus 
 Sancti deoriatus et perfusus gratia." Lamb. Ard., in Diet. Med. 
 Lat. The exchange of in- and de- in compounds is not infre- 
 quent : going into any place is also a going from some other ; 
 drinking in is drinking out 
 
 Hymn VI. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 64; Gautier, 1, 212; Trench, p. 212. A transla- 
 tion in Mrs. Charles's Christian Life in Song, p. 195; in Neale's 
 Mediaeval Hymns, p. 134. Trench calls it "a sublime composi- 
 tion;" others have called it the masterpiece of the author. 
 
 Theme. The Martyrdom of Stephen. 
 
 Line 1. Heri: Christmas is the day before St. Stephen's day. 
 — 7. Protomartyr : called also in the Greek Church ap X ?) fiaprv- 
 pixjv, a$\r)TGjv Trpooifitov, TrpwraSXog, aSXrjrojv dicpoSiviov. — Levita in 
 the early Church meant diaconus. Trench. — 11. Insultarit: 
 Acts vii., 51-53.— 18. Matt, iii., 7; xii., 34.-24. Rev. iii., 9.— 
 26. Rev. iii., 14. — 28. Stephanus (gtsQccvoq) = Corona. Such play 
 with the meaning of proper names is very common with the fa- 
 theis. See examples in Trench, p. 214, and in his Study of 
 Words, p. 32, 33.-37. Acts vii., 55-60.— 43. Stantem: in other 
 places Christ is spoken of as sitting. " Sedere judicantis est, stare 
 vero pugnantis vel adjuvantis. Stephanus stantem vidit, quern 
 adjutorem habuit." Greg., Mag. Horn., 19. So the Episcopal 
 collect for St, Stephen's day : " Who standest at the right hand 
 of God to succor all those that suffer for thee." Trench, p. 215. 
 — 52. From Augustine (Serm. 315): " Vestimenta lapidantium 
 servabat, ut omniam manibus lapidaret." — 55-62. Acts vii. 
 59. 
 
2S8 NOTES. 
 
 Hymn VII. 
 
 In Trench, p. 219. A translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian 
 Life in Song, p. 197. 
 
 Theme. The Martyrdom of St. Lawrence. He was archdeacon 
 of Kome in the third century, and died in the persecution of Va- 
 lerian. 
 
 Line 1-6. 
 
 "As the harp-strings only render 
 
 All their treasures of sweet sound, 
 All their music, glad or tender, 
 Firmly struck and tightly bound : 
 
 " So the hearts of Christians owe 
 Each its deepest, sweetest strain, 
 To the pressure firm of woe, 
 And the tension tight of pain." 
 
 Mrs. Charles. 
 
 — 4. Chely (XbXvs) tormentornm: appetitive genitive. — 6-14. 
 " Certainly virtue is like precious odors, most fragrant where 
 they are incensed or crushed. 1 ' Bacon on Adversity. — 11. Assa- 
 tus : St. Lawrence is said to have been broiled to death on a 
 gridiron. — 15, 16. Vis amoris putat ardorem factum foris [ the 
 fire under the gridiron] esse rorem. Compare " Et fecit medium 
 fornacis quasi ventum roris flantem." Dan. iii., 50. Not in our 
 Hebr., Gr., or English. — 18. Ignis urens, non comburens, i. e., the 
 Holy Spirit. Exod. iii., 2. See Hymn III., line 14, p. 137. 
 
 Hymn VIII. 
 
 In Daniel, 5, 102 ; Mone, 1, 316 ; Wackernagel, 1, 127 ; Trench, 
 p. 227 ; Gautier, 1, 155. A translation in Neale's Mediaeval 
 Hymns, p. 146. 
 
 Theme. The Dedication of a Church. The Church whose 
 builder is God. 
 
 Line 1, 2. u Quam dilecta tabernacula tua, Domine virtutum. 
 Concupiscit, et deficit anima mea in atria Domini." Psalm 
 lxxxiii.,2, 3.— 3-6. Matt, vii., 24, 25 ; Eph.ii., 20; Rev.xxi., 14.— 
 7, 8. Supply sunt. — 8. Sacramenta praecurrentia, twecwrwry holy 
 
ADAM DE ST. VICTORE, 146-148. 289 
 
 types. — Umbrae : the Old Testament. — Concinna : agreeing with 
 the facts of the New Testament. Such types he proceeds to 
 enumerate. — 10-12. Adam and Eve a type of Christ and the 
 Church. " Parentes qui nos genuerunt ad vitam, Chris tus est et 
 ecclesia. Secundus Adam in cruce dormivit, ut inde formaretur 
 conjux, quod de latere dormientis effluxit " (the blood being the 
 life of the Church). Augustine, ill Mone, 1, 318, where see much 
 more. — 11, 12. In primordia, etc.: at the beginning of the en- 
 during marriage. — 13. The ark, as a type of the Church, is simple ; 
 there are quotations about it in Mone from Augustine, Jerome, 
 and others. — 16-19. Isaac means laughter, and so Christ, who is 
 our joy, nostrum Gaudium. Gen. xxi., 6. See also p. 266, note 
 on Hymn III., 4. Hugh of St. Victor. — 19-24. Eliezer represents 
 the apostles, Rebecca the Gentile Church. Gen. xxiv. — Aptat 
 sihi: Gen. xxiv., 22. — 25-27. Gen. xxvii. " Esau foris venationi 
 deserviens, benedictionem amittens, populum Israel significat, qui 
 foris in litera iustitiam quaerit, et benedictionem coelestis haere- 
 ditatis dimittit." Hugh of St. Victor, Alleg., ii., 11. Jacob is 
 the Gentile Church. — 28-30. Liam lippam : Leah, the synagogue, 
 unable to see Christ, — Rachel: the Church. — 31-33. Genesis 
 xxxviii., 14. " Habitus meretricius confessio peccatorum est. 
 Typum quippe iam ecclesiae ex gentibus evocatae gerit Thamar. 
 A non agnoscente foetatur, quia de ilia praedictum est, Populus 
 quern non cognovi, servivit mihi." Augustine, Con. Faust., xxii., 
 86.-34. Hie : in the Church.— 35, 36. Fiscella scirpea is the 
 Latin in Exod. ii., 3, for " ark of bulrushes." " Moyses juxta 
 flumen significat quemlibet hominem juxta fluvium praesentis 
 saeculi positum; filia regis Qratiam designat, quae quemlibet 
 ad vitam praedestinatum de fluxu saeculi liberat, et in filium 
 adoptat, ut qui prius fuerat rilius irae, deinceps existat filius gra- 
 tia." Hugh of St. Victor, Alleg., iii., 1.— 37-39. Exod. xii., 5 ; 
 1 Cor. v., 7. — 40-42. " In Mari Rubro submersus est Pharao, et 
 principes eius; et in baptismo liberamur a potestate diaboli et 
 principum eius." Hugh of St. Victor : in Trench, p. 230. — 43. 
 Hebr. ix., 4. — 44, 45. Deut. x., 5 ; Hebr. ix., 4. — 46. Hebr. 
 ix. — 47, 48. Exod. xxviii. Poderis (7roo/j|0?/e), Latin talaris, is 
 the word in Exod. xxviii., 4, there translated by tunica in the 
 Latin, robe in English. This garment is the chief (jpraecedit). 
 
 N 
 
290 NOTES. 
 
 These garments have always excited the imagination of the 
 
 mystics : 
 
 " Holiness on the head ; 
 
 Light and perfections on the breast ; 
 Harmonious bells below, raising the dead, 
 To lead them unto life and rest — 
 Thus are true Aarons drest." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 — 49. Urias, Uriah. — Barsabee, Batlislicba : 2 Sam. xi., 2-27, 
 which is a type for Rom. vii., 1-6. — 52-54. k% Astitit regina a dex- 
 tris tuis in vestitu deaurato, circumdata varietate." Psalm xliv., 
 10.— 55. 1 Kings x. ; Matt, xii., 42.-58. Canticles i., 5 : black to 
 the world, beautiful to Christ. — 59, 60. Canticles iii., 6. — Fumo- 
 sa Yirga : " a piUar of smoke 'perfumed (pigmentaria) with myrrh 
 and frankincense.' 1 — 66. The Lord's Supper. — 68. Trumpets be- 
 long to the Old Testament feasts. Numb, x., 10 ; the psaltery 
 or decachordon to the New, as David says: "Dcus, canticum 
 novum cantabo tibi ; in psalterio decachordo psallam tibi." Psalm 
 cxliii., 9.— 70-73. Rev. v., 11 ; xix., 6-9. 
 
 XXVII. ALANUS INSULANUS. 
 Life. — Alanus of Lille, in Flanders (Latin, Be Insirfis or In- 
 siilarnis), was, according to some, born in 1114. His learning 
 and abilities were such as to give him the title Doctor Universalis. 
 lie has been called the leader of the poets of his age, and a 
 scholar's judgment and taste certainly appear in many of his po- 
 ems. Whether he is the same person who is known to us as the 
 friend of Bernard and bishop of Auxerre, and who has the same 
 name, has been a most puzzling question to biographers, and 
 leaves the career of the poet and universal doctor uncertain, 
 lie died, perhaps, in 1203. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 In Konigsfeld, with a German translation, Lat. Ilymnen und 
 
 age, 1. L60; Trench, p. 257. 
 Theme. The transitory Nature of Man. 
 
THOMAS OF CELANO, 149-154. 291 
 
 Line 8. Glosa, -ae, f.,from glossa (yXwtrcra), tongue, language, ward, 
 whence easily expression, image, type — late Latin. Med. Lat. Diet. 
 
 —13-18. 
 
 ' ' Sweet rose ! whose hue, angry and brave, 
 Bids the rash gazer wipe his eye ; 
 Thy root is ever in its grave — 
 And thou must die." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 —32. Cuius esse, whose being; supply est — 3$. Mane claudit 
 yespere : 
 
 " Sweet day ! so cool, so calm, so bright ; 
 The bridal of the earth and sky : 
 The dew shall weep thy fall to night— 
 For thou must die." 
 
 George Herbert. 
 
 —40. Supply Mors: he puts us to labor, he to pain, the end is 
 his. They represent him.— 52. Rector et auriga, i. e., God. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 Konigsfeld, with a German translation, in Lat. Hymnen und 
 Gesange, 1, 164. It is hesitatingly ascribed to Alanus. 
 Theme. The Life of Man. 
 Line 1. Supply est. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 Alani Opera, p. 377 ; Trench, p. 104. A bundle of paradoxes. 
 Compare a similar bundle in Bacon's Works. 
 
 Theme. The Birth of Christ. 
 
 Line 5. Donaret : see p. 261, note on Hymn L, line 15. — Omen, 
 the condition .—17 . Hysopo, i. e., hyssopo.—23, Reatus : the genitive. 
 
 XXVIII. THOMAS OF CELANO. 
 
 Life. — The Thomas who is believed to have written the " Dies 
 Irae " is called 1 Celano from a small town near Lake Fucino, 
 in the further Abruzzo. He was one of the earliest members of 
 the order of Minorites, founded by St. Francis of Assisi in 1208. 
 He wrote a life of his friend St. Francis, and two hymns in his 
 
292 NOTES. 
 
 honor, which still survive. St. Francis died in 1226. But dates 
 and biographical incidents are wanting for Thomas, and not 
 even his name is to be found in many of our best dictionaries of 
 
 biography. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 103; Wackernagel, 1, 137; Trench, p. 297; The 
 Seven Great Hymns, p. 50 ; and in all breviaries and collections. 
 Translations are to be found in many languages. In English, 
 seven translations are given in The Seven Great Hymns, besides 
 the well-known stanzas of Sir Walter Scott; Mrs. Charles, Chris- 
 tian Life in Song, p. 188; Schatf, Christ in Song, p. 373. The 
 literature of this hymn is considerable. Its external history is 
 told. It appears in Church services in Italy in the thirteenth 
 century, and spreads into France and Germany, the first com- 
 plete copies found in Germany being of the latter half of the fif- 
 teenth century ; it became more highly and widely esteemed 
 from century to century, and since the rendering of it in Mozart's 
 requiem it is used through all Christendom. Then the trans- 
 lations. A German author, Lisco, in his Dies Irae, Hymnus 
 auf das Weltgerichte, Berlin, 1840, gives 87 versions, nearly all 
 German ; Dr. Schaff, in the Hours at Home, has given specimens 
 of about 100 translations; and there are many more. The earli- 
 est in English is that of Sylvester, 1G21 ; then Crashaw, 1648; 
 Drummond, Roscommon, Scott, Alford, Irons, Trench, Macauley, 
 Dix, Mrs. Charles, Dr. A. Coles (thirteen original versions), and 
 others. In German, Herder, Fichte, and A. Schlegel may be men- 
 tioned. Then there is the history of criticism upon it, and the 
 use made of it by students and artists. Mozart, Haydn, Goethe, 
 Schlegel, Johnson, Dryden, Scott, Milman, and Jeremy Taylor 
 are mentioned in The Seven Great Hymns as among the great 
 who have avowed a supreme admiration for it; while the at- 
 tempts by the less famous critics to find and set forth the secret 
 of its power are innumerable. Goethe's use of it in Faust, and 
 Scott's in the Lay of the Last Minstrel, are known to all. Then 
 there is the question of authorship. Attempts have been made 
 to give it to Matthaeus of Aquasparta, A.D. 1302; Latinus Fran- 
 gipani, L294; Malabranca, bishop of Ostia, 1275; Bonaventura, 
 1274; Bernard ofClairvaux, 1153; Gregory the Great, Go0; and 
 
THOMAS OF CELANO, 154. 293 
 
 others. A leading essay on this subject is in Mohnike's Hymno- 
 logische Forschungen, 1, 1-24. Then there is its internal history. 
 It had been treated as a creation of its writer out of nothing; 
 but Mone, 1, 408, 409, undertakes to show that it is a condensa- 
 tion of the old hymns on the judgment-day. He points out some 
 of the most striking expressions, and even whole lines in these 
 older and ruder and longer hymns. They are not enough, how- 
 ever, in number or kind to lessen the originality of this hymn. 
 It is strange there are not more of them. Nothing is born of 
 nothing. 
 
 " This marvelous hymn is the acknowledged masterpiece of Latin po- 
 etry, and the most sublime of all uninspired hymns. . . . The secret of 
 its irresistible power lies in the aw r ful grandeur of the theme, the intense 
 earnestness and pathos of the poet, the simple majesty and solemn music 
 of its language, the stately meter, the triple rhyme, and the vowel asso- 
 nances, chosen in striking adaptation to the sense — all combining to 
 produce an overwhelming effect, as if we heard the final crash of the 
 universe, the commotion of the opening graves, the trumpet of the arch- 
 angel summoning the quick and the dead, and saw the ' king of tre- 
 mendous majesty ' seated on the throne of justice and mercy, and ready 
 to dispense everlasting life or everlasting woe." — Schaff, p. 373. 
 
 Theme. The Last Judgment. "Dies irae dies ilia, dies tri- 
 bulationis et angustiae, dies calamitatis et miseriae, dies tene- 
 brarum et caliginis, dies nebulae et turbinis, dies tubae et clango- 
 ris, super civitates munitas et super angulos excelsos." Zepha- 
 niah i., 15, 16 ; Matt, xxv. ; 2 Peter iii., 10-12. 
 
 Line 1. Dies irae, dies ilia: These are the words of Zephaniah 
 i., 15. They are current expressions in the older hymns, and in 
 the fathers. Mone, 1, 403-409. Ilia, the day by emphasis, the 
 day of the Lord, of Zeph.i., 14. Many read these clauses as ex- 
 clamatory, and solvet as intransitive : 
 
 "That day of wrath, that dreadful day! 
 When heaven and earth shall pass away." 
 
 Scott. 
 
 — 2. Solvet, resolve, cause to crumble. Elementa vero calore stri- 
 ven tur. 2 Peter iii., 10. — Saeelum, i. e., seculum, first a genera- 
 tion of men like Ang.-Sax. wear-old (iceor=zL&t mr% when applied 
 
294 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 by Christian authors to the material universe, still retains some- 
 thing of its early sense; it is the world in relation to man, rather 
 than the comws, or God's beautiful order.— In favilla, in glowing 
 ashes, not into dead dust. The line shows the conflagration still 
 at white heat. In igne zeli eius devorabitur omnis terra. Zeph. 
 i., 18.— 3. Teste David, absolute. H., 430; A. and G., 54, 10, b, 
 note; M., 304, d; Psalm cii., 27; interpreted by Isaiah li., 6- 2 
 Peter iii., 10. Some read teste Petro. Trench calls attention' to 
 Psalm xcvi., 13; xcvii., 3; xi., 6.— Sybilla, i.e., Sibylla, spelled 
 for its rhyme. For the Sibyl, and her oracles and books, see 
 Classical Dictionaries, Webster's Diet,, and elsewhere. Milton 
 mingles freely Bible and heathen mythology, believing the hea- 
 then gods to be real devils. Emerson says : 
 
 "Out of the heart of Nature rolled 
 The burdens of the Bible old "— 
 and it is all one to him whether they come through the mouth 
 of David or Sibylla, Schaff has a note pointing out the " truth 
 underlying this use made of the Sibylline oracles;' inasmuch as, 
 he says, heathenism was groping in the dark after " the unknown' 
 God/ 1 and bore indirect testimony to Christ. But the pious 
 frauds by which the Sibylline oracles were made to bear direct 
 testimony to Christ are the explanation of this passage, and of the 
 general credit given by early Christians to the Sibyl: and the re- 
 membrance of them makes the line a blemish in the noem. The 
 Church generally, following the old Paris missal, read for this 
 line : " Crucis expandens vexilla." Matt, xxiv., 30. " Libera me, 
 Domine, de morte aeterne, quando coeli movendi sunt et terra' 
 dum veneris iudicare saeculum per ignem." From the Service 
 for the Dead, Mone, 1, 402. For the rhythm, also compare from 
 another Service for the Dead : 
 
 "Lacrimosa dies ilia, 
 Qua resurgens ex favilla 
 Iudicandus homo reus; 
 Tu peccatis parce, Deus." 
 ompare p. 71, lines 11, 12. Flamma ignis, etc. — 4-0. Rev. vi., 15- 
 i 7; xx., 11-13; p. 71, lines 13, 14.— 7-1). Zach. ix., 14; 1 Cor. 
 ,... 52; .Matt, xxiv., 31; John v., 25; 1 Thess. iv., 16.— Spar- 
 £pns, not evneinens, as on p. 71,5; this trumpet blares. — Sepul- 
 
THOMAS OF CELANO, 154-156. 295 
 
 €ra regionuni, the graves of regions, of all regions — not political 
 divisions, but natural expanses marked by the hills, the vales, 
 the venerable woods, " old ocean's gray and melancholy waste ;" 
 sepulchres of earth, " the great tomb of man." Compare with the 
 simpler per regimes sepulcrorum ; and the whole stanza with lines 
 5, 6, on p. 71, as perfect lines as these in their way, but wanting 
 the terrible compulsive energy {Zuv6t7]q). — 10-12. Rev. xx., 13. 
 See note on Mors, p. 229, VIIL, 25. — Natnra: supply stapebii. 
 The resurrection is unnatural. — 13-15. Liber : Rev. xx., 12 ; Dan. 
 vii., 10. — 17. Apparebit: Matt, x., 26; Mark iv., 22; Luke viii., 
 17; xii, 2, 3. — 19-21. Patronum : 1 John ii., 1. — Cum vix ins- 
 tus: 1 Peter iv., 18. — 21. Tremendae is one of the recurring epi- 
 thets in the old judgment hymns marked by Mone, but I do not 
 see it coupled with maiestatis. — Tremendae maiestatis : Job 
 xxxvii., 22 (not in the Vulgate). — 22, 28. Rev. xxi., 6. — Fons pi- 
 etatis: see the hymn of Bernard, p. 127, line 37; 129, 85, and 
 notes : 
 
 "From thee all pity flows." — Geokge Herbert. 
 
 — 25. Recordare : Psalm xxv., 7 ; Luke xxiii., 42. — 26. Sum 
 causa : 1 Timothy i., 15 ; Matt, ix., 13 ; Mark ii., 17 ; Rom. v., 8. — 
 27. Perdas: John xvii., 12; xviii., 9.-28. Sedisti: by the well. 
 John iv., 6. — 29, 30. Heb. xii., 2. It is said that Dr. Samuel 
 Johnson would repeat this stanza in Latin, and burst into floods 
 of tears. — 31-33. Matt, xxv., 19-30. "Post multum temporis 
 yenit dominus servorum illorum et posuit rationem cum eis." — 
 34. Iugemisco: Rom. viii., 23. — 35. Tultus rubet: Ezra ix., 6.— 
 37. Mariam Magdalene: Mark xvi., 9. — Latronem: Luke xxiii., 
 43. — 42. Xe cremer, an object clause after fac. Matt, xxv., 41. 
 — 43-48. Matt, xxv., 33. — 46. Maledictis, the accursed ones, abso- 
 lute with confutatis and addictis. — 50. Cor, appositive with the 
 subject of oro. Psalm li., 19.— Cinis: Job xlii., 6. The Earl of 
 Roscommon, " at the moment in which he expired, uttered with 
 an energy of voice that expressed the most fervent devotion, two 
 lines of his own version of Dies Irae : 
 
 * My God, my Father, and my Friend, 
 Do not forsake me in my end !' " 
 
 Dr. Johnson. 
 
29G NOTES. 
 
 Scott was heard to repeat parts of the original hymn on his 
 death-bed.— 52-58. These lines adapt the hymn to the service. 
 See them on p. 294.-55. Ergo : the day will be tearful, therefore 
 I ctj parce. Huie, guilty man ; the race. See older line, p. 294. 
 — 57. Requie, oftener requiem, but the rhyme and the common 
 construction of dona favor requie. See note on dono, p. 261, 1., 15. 
 
 XXIX. BONAVENTURA. 
 
 Life. — John of Fidanza was born at Bagnarca in Tuscany, 
 1221. He was educated at Paris, and there entered the order 
 of Franciscans, under the name of Bonavcntura, said to have been 
 given by an exclamation of St. Francis, by whose prayers he had 
 recovered from illness, and who greeted him with buona ventura, 
 i. e., good luck. He was made professor of theology at Paris, 
 1245; in 1256, general of his order; 1273, cardinal of Alba. He 
 died, 1274, at Lyons, attending a council with Pope Gregory X. 
 He was called ''Doctor Seraphicus," and regarded as the great- 
 est scholar among the Franciscans. Among his works are a life 
 of St. Francis, " The Progress of the Mind towards God," and 
 much poetry. Dante gives him a place in his Paradise. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 101 ; Konigsfeld, 1, 151. Translations in SchafT, 
 Christ in Song, p. 165; by Dr. J. W. Alexander; by Dr. Har- 
 baugh. SchafT pronounces it the best of the hymns of Bona- 
 ventura. 
 
 Theme. The Holy Cross, and Dying. 
 
 Line 1. Crneis: H., 406, 11 ; A. and G., 50, 4, a ; M., 315.— 3. 
 Beleetare iugiter, continual delight, obj. of ducis; riam is a facti- 
 tive object. — 40. Eruuntur, are drawn forth, or led out of wretch- 
 edness. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Mone, 1, 114, 115; Wackernagel, 1, 140. Translation by 
 Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, p. 176. 
 Theme. The Hours of the Passion. 
 Primam (horam), the first canonical hour, following the lauds, 
 
THOMAS AQUINAS, 159-104. 297 
 
 which follow matins. Mark xv., 1.— Line 1. Yelatus: "Chri- 
 stus velamine corporis splendorem maiestatis suae, quern visus ho- 
 minum non ferebat, obtexit, 1 ' Leon., M., Serrn. 25, 2. — 2. Sol: 
 Malachi iv., 2.-3. Illusus : Mark xv., 19.— 4. Caesus: Luke xxii., 
 64.— Tertiam : 9 o'clock. Mark xv., 25.— Sextain: 12 o'clock. 
 Mark xv., 33— Nonam: Mark xv., 34.— Completorium : the last 
 service of the day. See p. 234, note on Hymn VIII. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 340 (the beginning); Mone, 1, 113; Konigsfeld, 
 2, 208, with German translation. The last line of each stanza is 
 taken from one of the Ambrosian hymns— a common artifice. 
 
 Theme. The Passion. 
 
 Line 6. This is from a hymn in Daniel, 1, 247.— 12. Hymn V. 
 of Ambrosiani, p. 25.— 18. Hymn III. of Ambrosiani, p. 22.— 21. 
 In Daniel, 1, 74.— 30. Hymn IV. of Hilarius, p. 5. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 Bonaventurae Opera, vi., 424 ; Trench, p. 146. 
 
 Theme. The Passion. 
 
 Line 1. Hamnm: the use of this figure in regard to Satan, as 
 in Hymn VIII. of Ambrose (see note on p. 229), is more common, 
 and more pleasing than in regard to Christ. — 17. Pavit, he fed. 
 — 26. Ad quid, to why, to the reason why. — 27. Alas crucis. — 
 27, 28. Nee (ignavus) attenclit quod (Christus) praetendit hoc 
 (cor) vices reclinatorii. — Reclinatorium, i, n, a little table on 
 which the sacred vessels are placed at sacrament; here, the 
 food set on a table, a repast. Lex. Med. Latin. 
 
 XXX. THOMAS AQUINAS. 
 Life. — Thomas Aquinas was born at Aquino, Naples, about 
 1225, of noble family. At sixteen he became the pupil of Al- 
 bertus Magnus and joined the Dominicans. He taught and 
 preached at Paris and Rome, and his fame filled Europe, but he 
 steadily refused preferment. He died in 1274. He left many 
 works on theology, morals, and metaphysics. He is called the 
 
 N2 
 
298 NOTES. 
 
 Angelic Doctor, and is the most eminent of the Dominicans, and 
 the ablest of all the schoolmen. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 255; Mone, 1, 275; Wackernagel, 1, 145. A 
 translation by Neale, Mediaeval Hymns, p. 176. 
 
 Theme. The Eucharist. 
 
 Line l.Deitas: Mone reads Veritas. — 3, 4, "Haec est laus 
 fidei, si, quod creditur, non videtur." Augustine in Ev. John, 
 79, 1. — 12, Domine, memento mei, cum veneris in regnum tuum. 
 Luke xxiii., 42.— 13. John xx., 24-29.— 18. John vi., 35-48.— 
 20. llli (menti). — 21. Pelicane: it was believed that the peli- 
 can, when other food fails, gives its own blood to its young for 
 food. Hence Christ is often compared to the pelican, and the 
 figure of it was often used in the decoration of churches. — 26. 
 Quando fiet: when shall come to pass. Others read oro: fiat. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 97; Mone, 1, 276; Wackernagel, 1, 143. Ex- 
 tracts translated in Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 586, where see other 
 translations mentioned, p. 584. 
 
 Theme. The Body of Christ. 
 
 Line 5. Supply est. — 11. Fratrum, fraternitas are common 
 words for Christians among the early fathers, as with us. — 21. 
 Phase (Sept. Gi\, 0a<rix; 2 Chron. xxxv., 1, from Hebrew for 
 paseha) — indeclinable, neuter — the passover, the Lord's Supper. 
 Pliasis, in the same sense, is given in the Med. Lat. Diet. — 23. 
 Umbra: compare line 9, Hymn YIIL, p. 146, and the note.— 
 25-27. Luke xxii., 19; 1 Cor. xi., 25.-29, 30. In hostiam salu- 
 tis : " Oft'erimus hostiam puram, hostiam sanctam, hostiam imma- 
 culatam, panem sanctum vitae aeternae et calicem salutis perpe- 
 tuae." The Latin service. For the English word host, from hostia, 
 see Webster's Diet. — 31. Dogma: transubstantiation. — 36. Prae- 
 ter, etc., outside of the natural order. — 40-48. An application to 
 the wafer of the scholastic statement of the omnipresence of God : 
 "All in the whole and all in every part." — 52. Mors est mails: 1 
 Cor. xi., 29.-57-62. Transubstantiation, as in 46-48. The words 
 tegitur, sci&sura, are perhaps suggested by the seamless coat of 
 
THOMAS AQUINAS, 107-170. 299 
 
 Christ (John xix., 23, 24), but there is no distinct use of that fig- 
 ure. — 59, Rei, the substance, Christ. — 60, Signi, the phenomenal 
 appearance of the bread. — 62. Signati: Christ. — 63. Panis ange- 
 lorum: Psalm lxxviii., 25; John vi., 32. — 64. Luke xi., 3. See 
 viaticum, in Webster. — 65, 66. Matt, xv., 26. — 68. Gen. xxii. — 
 69. Exod. xii. — 70. Exod. xvi. ; Rev. ii., 17. — 78. Commensales 
 {con and mensalis), table companions, communicants. Med. Lat. 
 Diet For tuos others read tu nos. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 251 ; Wackernagel, 1, 145. Translations in 
 Neale's Mediaeval Hymns, p. 178 ; Schaff, Christ in Soug, p. 584, 
 where other translations are mentioned. Ncale says : " This 
 hymn contests the second place among those of the Western 
 Church, with the c Yexilla Regis,' the ' Stabat Mater,' the ' Jesu 
 dulcis Memoria,' the ' Ad Regias Agni Dapes,' the ' Ad Supernam,' 
 and one or two others, leaving the ' Dies Irae ' in its unapproach- 
 able glory." 
 
 Theme. The Body and Blood of Christ. 
 
 Line 1 . Pange, frame in song. See Hymn I. of Fortunatus, p. 
 64, from which this opening is imitated. — 4. Quern (sanguinem). 
 — In pretium, for the ransom. — 5. Fructus : appositive with Bex. 
 — 9. Conversatus : deponent, — 10. Matt, xiii., 37. — 11, 12. He 
 closed in a wonderful method (ordine) the protracted periods of 
 his sojourn. — 13. Luke xxii., 20. — 15. Legalibus: prescribed by 
 the law of Moses.— 17, 18. See lines 10, 11 of Hymn II., p. 165. 
 — Cihum, appositive with se. — 19, 20. Verbum caro (the Word 
 made flesh) efficit verbo panem (esse) verum carnem. — 21. Me- 
 rum (pure wine),j££ sanguis. — 22. Though our senses fail to dis- 
 cern the change. — 26. Cernui, bowed we revere. — 27. Documen- 
 tum, showing, shadow, the Passover. 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 369 ; Konigsfeld, 1, 148. Translations in Schaff's 
 Christ in Song, p. 589 ; in the Andover Sabbath Hymn-book, No. 
 105, by Ray Palmer; in Shipley's Lyra Eucharistica, p. 174. It 
 is ascribed to Aquinas by Konigsfeld and Palmer. It will by 
 seen to be a happy echo of the former hymns. 
 
300 NOTES. 
 
 Theme. The Body of Christ. 
 
 Line 1. Line 64 of Hymn II. — 2. Line 63, Hymn II. — 3. Line 
 70, Hymn II.— 4. Line 73, Hymn II.— 5. Duleedine: H., 419, 2; 
 A. and G., 54. 1. — 10. Pota, give drink, refresh. Diet. Med. Lat.— 
 17, 18. Aperta acie, with ojyeu vision. 
 
 XXXI. IACOPONUS. 
 Life. — Jacopone da Todi, sometimes called Benedetto and 
 Jacobus de Benedictis, was born at Todi, in Umbria, of a noble 
 family, in the early part of the thirteenth century. The date is 
 unknown. He became a Franciscan upon the death of his wife, 
 though only a lay brother. He wrote much, and many spiritual 
 songs and satires in Italian have been preserved. The freedom 
 with which he satirized the abuses and vices of the priests drew 
 on him long imprisonments from Boniface VIII. " An earnest 
 humorist, he carried the being a fool for Christ into every-day 
 life." His extravagances and buffoonery " often leave one in 
 doubt whether he was indeed perfectly sound in his mind, or 
 only a Christian Brutus, feigning folly, that he might impress his 
 wisdom the more deeply, and utter it with more freedom." Of 
 his Latin poems, only the three here printed are preserved. He 
 died in 1306. His epitaph (1596) reads: " Ossa B. Jacoponi de 
 Benedictis, Tudertini, qui, stultus propter Christum, nova mun- 
 dum arte delusit, et coelum rapuit." Trench. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 In Daniel, 2, 131-154 ; Mone, 2, 147-154 ; Wackernagel, 1, 136, 
 161 ; the Breviaries and collections. Translations are numerous 
 in many languages. Lisco (Stabat Mater, Berlin, 1843) gives 
 fifty-three German versions. In English, a translation of part of 
 it is in Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 169 ; a prose translation in Mrs. 
 Charles's Christian Life in Song, p. 208; and there are versions 
 by Lord Lindsay, Caswall, Coles, Benedict, and others. " It is 
 t lie most pathetic, as the Dies Irae is the most sublime hymn of 
 the Middle Ages, and occupies the second rank in Latin hym- 
 nology." Schaff. It has furnished the text for many renowned 
 
IACOPONUS, 171-173. 301 
 
 musical compositions, among which the best known are those of 
 Palestrina, Pergolesi, and Haydn. There is a literature of essays 
 and critical discussions of the history, authorship, and merits of 
 the poem. It is ascribed by Benedict XIV., De Festis Jesu Christi, 
 2, c. 4, § 5, to Pope Innocent III., who died in 1216 — the pope to 
 whom the English King John submitted, the most learned and 
 able man of his age, and under whom the papal power reached 
 its height. Mone and Wackernagel both accept the statement, 
 and select stanzas 1, 4, 3, 5, 7, 9, somewhat modified, as the origi- 
 nal hymn, which they think was supplemented and brought to 
 its later form by Jacopone. Mone complains that so little critical 
 study has been given to the hymn itself; but, aside from the 
 questions of original text, which include those on a large num- 
 ber of various readings, there seems little difficulty or remote 
 suggestion, or even subtle Biblical allusion in it. It is simple 
 Mariolatry, most of it. It is familiarly known as the " Stabat 
 Mater " and the " Mater Dolorosa." 
 
 Theme, The Mother of Christ at his Cross. 
 
 Line 1, 2. Stabat mater juxta crucem: John xix., 25. " Sta- 
 bat ante crucem mater, et, fugientibus viris, stabat intrepida; 
 spectabat piis oculis filii vulnera." Ambrose, De Inst. Virg., c. 7, 
 § 49. — Dolorosa, lacrymosa : " Stantem illam lego, flentem non 
 lego." Ambrose, De Ob. Valent., 39 ; Mone, 2, 149. The Greek 
 service often speaks of her as weeping : Trapiararo ry £uXy y) irap- 
 SkvoQ Kkaiovaa, Oct. 17. So Spiivudovaa, Jan. 22, Oct. 6. — 4. Cuius 
 (matris). — 10, 11. Note the effect of the repeated rhymes. — 16, 
 Non-contristari. — 19-24. Mark xv., 15-34.— Suae, his. Matt, i., 
 21.— 30. Sibi, to Christ. — Complaceam : con-, i. e., cum te. — 32. 
 Crucifixi, the crucified. — 34-37. Divide poenas nati. — Dignati, 
 deigning. — 40-42. Desidero stare. For line 41, others read "Me- 
 que tibi sociare." — 46. Portem, hear about. 2 Cor. iv., 10. — 47. 
 Fac (me), consortem passionis, et (also) recolere (to experience) pla- 
 gas. For plagas some read poenam. — 50. Inebriari. See note on 
 line 23, Hymn III., p. 226. — 52. Inflammatus, kindled by the love 
 of Christ. — 55-57. In place of these lines, other copies read: 
 
 " Christe, cum sit hinc transire, 
 Da per matrem me venire 
 Ad palmam victoriae." 
 
302 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In KGnigsfeld, with a German translation, Lat. Hymnen und 
 GesSnge, 2, 242; Seven Great Hymns, p. 118, with Neale's trans- 
 lation into English ; Christ in Song, p. 97, two verses. The hymn 
 was first made known by Ozanam, Les Poetes Franciscains en 
 Italie au troisieme siecle, Paris, 1852. It is spoken of as " the Ma- 
 ter Speciosa," a "companion-hymn," a "twin sister of Mater Do- 
 lorosa," " the product of the same genius," and the like. It is 
 really a rather servile parody, which a great author would hardly 
 make of a great poem of his own. 
 
 Theme. The Mother of Christ at the Manger of Bethlehem. 
 
 Line 1. Luke ii.,7. — 2. Gm&ios^gaudens, late Lat.— 6. Iubilus, 
 i. e., iubilum (not found elsewhere).— 24. Diversorio, inn, Luke ii., 
 7.-28. Senex, Joseph.— Puella, Mary.— 30. Stupesceutes agrees 
 with senex cum puella, as though cum were et. H., 438, 6 ; A. and 
 G., 47, 1 ; M., 403, b. — 44. Iesuline, a double diminutive from 
 Iesus, Iesulus; see puerino, line 47. -inus was not a dimin- 
 utive in the old Latin; it meant formed from, descended from ; 
 but we pass easily from younger to smaller. Diminutives in 
 •inus occur as early as the eighth century, and are common in 
 Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese. See Diez. Rom. Gram., III., 
 314, 315. — 54. Tradere vitam, to give life to men. — 56. tfato : 
 Christ. — 57. Tripudio, from tripudium, joy, delight. Diet. Med. 
 Latin. — Stantem : others, stans. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 
 In Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 128; Trench, p. 
 264; Bernardi, Op., 2, 913; Mohnike, Ilymnol. Forschungen, 2, 
 173. Translations in Hymns to the Virgin and to Christ, Early 
 English Text Society's publication, p. 36 ; The Paradise of Dainty 
 Devices, poem I. ; and Tusser. 
 
 Theme. The Vanity of the World. 
 
 Line 1. Sub, over, concerning. Diet. Med. Lat, — 5. Fide: im- 
 perative. — (>. Plus quam fallaciae. — 9. Vitris: others, viris vera- 
 ci&ws.— 13. Die, ubi Salomon, etc., will remind the Anglo-Saxon 
 student of Alfred's meters : 
 
THOMAS A KEMPIS, 178. 303 
 
 Hp£r sind nu J?ses pisan Pelandes ban, 
 paes gold-smiSes, pe paes geo maerost? 
 Hpaer is nu se rica llomana pita . . . 
 mid p&m burhparum Brutus nemned? 
 Hpaer is eac se pisa and se peorSgeorna, 
 cene and craeftig, paem paes Caton nama? 
 
 March's Anglo-Saxon Reader, p. Go. 
 
 — 13, Salomon, the common spelling in Latin, Greek, and other 
 languages. 1 Kings iv., 34 (=v., 14). — 14. Judges xiii.-xvi. — 
 
 15. Absalon, a common corruption of Absalom, the spelling in 
 Latin, Greek, and Hebrew of the Bible. 2 Samuel xiii.-xviii. — 
 
 16. 1 Samuel xviii.-xxiii. — 18. Dives : Luke xvi. The Latin 
 word for rich man, erroneously taken as a proper name. — 20. 
 Trench compares the following lines from a funeral hymn of 
 John of Damascus : 
 
 " wov tarty i) rov Koafiov TrpoaizaSua ; 
 itov icriv y) tCjv 7rpo<JKaipujv (pavraaia ; 
 ttov iar'iv 6 xpvvoQ Kai 6 dpyvpoc ; 
 7rov lariv tujp oikstujv i) TrX-fj/nfivpa Kai 6 Sopvfiog ; 
 iravra kuviq, iravra rscppa, iravra oKia" 
 
 —24. Claudentur : others, clauduntiir. — 26. Eius: the world's. 
 —27. Quae (gaudia).— 30. Ros: Hos.vi.,4; xiii., 3.— Extolleris: 
 passive. — 33. Tanti : price. — 34. Flos : Job xiv., 2 ; Psalm ciii., 
 15 ; Isaiah xxviii., 1-4 ; 1 Peter i., 24. — 35, 36. Luci subtrahitnr, 
 
 is taken from the light into the dark grave. Similar was the 
 heathen Anglo-Saxon's comparison of life to the flight of a spar- 
 row through a banqueting-hall on a stormy winter night — a 
 glance, and he is gone into the night — a comparison better suited 
 to a heathen than a Christian. Beda, Hist. Ec, 2, 13; March's 
 Ang.-Sax. Reader, p. 39. 
 
 XXXII. THOMAS A KEMPIS. 
 
 Life. — Thomas Hamerken was born in 1380, in the diocese of 
 
 Cologne, at Kempen, or Kampen, and is hence called 1 Kempis. 
 
 He became an inmate of the monastery of Mount St. Agnes, and 
 
 spent much time in copying — fifteen years, it is said, on one copy 
 
30-4 NOTES. 
 
 of the Bible. He wrote various ascetic and devotional treatises, 
 and among them, as is generally believed, The Imitation of 
 Christ, "next to the Bible the most widely diffused and oftenest 
 reprinted book in the world." Trench, p. 321. lie wrote a few 
 poems. He died in 1471. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 
 Wackernagel, 1, 225; Konigsfeld, with German translation, 2, 
 254. 
 
 Theme. Patience. 
 
 Line 1-8. a Prosperity is the blessing of the Old Testament, 
 adversity is the blessing of the New, which carricth the greater 
 benediction, and the clearer revelation of God's favor." Bacon, 
 Essay on Adversity. — 3, 4. 
 
 " Satan now is wiser than of yore, 
 And tempts by making rich, not making poor." 
 
 Pope. 
 
 —12. Proximos, neighbors.— 24. Laude: ablative of cause. H., 
 
 419, iv. ; A. and G., 54, 3, a.— 25. Gradu : specification. H., 429 ; 
 
 A. and G., 54, 9.— 30. Hostibus: dative. A. and G., 51, G; H., 
 
 391. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Wackernagel, 1, 224 ; Trench, p. 321. Trench says the po- 
 ems of " Thomas of Kempen " will not yield a second extract at 
 all to be compared in beauty with the very beautiful fragment 
 which follows. 
 
 Theme. The Joys of Heaven. 
 
 Line 1. Wackernagel begins with 
 
 "O, qualis quantaque laeticia 
 Resonat in coelesti patria 
 Ubi Iesus gaudet cum Maria 
 Laeto vultu, dnlci melodia. " 
 
 Rev. v., 14 ; vii., 11. — 6. Tympanizant (rv^iraviloj) is of course the 
 vcib, of which the participle tympmtizans only is given in the 
 Latin Lexicons. — 17. Seraphim. In the poem from which the 
 extract is made, the choirs of angels are spoken of in order — 
 Cherubim, Throni, Dominationes, Principatus, Potentates, and the 
 
IOHANNES MAUBURNUS — AUCTOKES INCERTI, 181-183. 305 
 
 Archangeli; a full description of which may be found in Greg., 
 M. Horn, in Evang., 2, 34, 10 ; Mone, 1, 442, 443. 
 
 XXXIII. IOHANNES MAUBURNUS. 
 Life. — Mauburne, or Momboir (Jean), was born at Brussels 
 in 1460 ; was a friend and correspondent of Erasmus, and the 
 author of several ascetic treatises, from one of which, the Rosetum 
 Spirituale, the following hymn is taken. He died abbot of the 
 cloister of Livry, near Paris, in 1502. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 335 ; Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesiinge, 2, 
 252; Trench, p. 114. A translation by Mrs. Charles in Christian 
 Life in Song, p. 174. It is from a poem of thirteen stanzas, and 
 was early used in this form as a Christmas Hymn. It continued 
 to be a great favorite in the Protestant churches as long as they 
 sang Latin hymns. An old translation is still used in Germany : 
 "Warnm liegt in Krippelein." 
 
 Theme. The Nativity. 
 
 Line 11-20., an answer to the first stanza, — 13. Quod (genus), 
 occidit se noxa sceleris profani. — 15. Inopiis, i. e., stabulo, penu- 
 ria, etc. — 17. Pergo ditare: I am going to enrich thee. Note the 
 idiom, like the English; the French, Je vais lire; the Anglo- 
 Saxon, Ic gd r&dan, and the like. March's Anglo-Saxon Gram- 
 mar, 415, 4. 
 
 XXXIV. AUCTOKES INCERTI. 
 
 The approximate date, and any suggested authorship, will be 
 mentioned with each hymn. 
 
 Hymn I. 
 In Daniel, 1, 334; Wackernagel, 1, 198-201, gives ten forms; 
 Trench, p. 97. There are many old German forms ; in English 
 there is a translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in Song, 
 
30G NOTES. 
 
 p. 173. It belongs to the fourteenth century. It was a great 
 favorite in the Lutheran churches, and has remained in use al- 
 most or quite to the present day. 
 
 Theme. The Birth of Christ. Matthew ii. 
 
 Line 5, G. The ox and ass were every where accepted as occu- 
 pants of the stable with Christ. Proof is in Habakkuk iii., 2, 
 where, for k 'in the midst of the years," the Septuagint strangely 
 reads kv iikay Svio Z,wwv yvwvSy'jay, and the old Latin version, 
 " in medio duorum animalium innotesceris." This was inter- 
 preted by Isaiah i., 3 : " The ox knoweth his owner, and the 
 ass his master's crib." The bos also represented the Jews, the 
 shepherds, and asinus the heathen, the wise men. — 7. Reges. 
 That the wise men from the East were kings was universally be- 
 lieved, the proof resting on Isaiah lx., 3; Psalm lxxii., 10-15. 
 — Saba: Psalm lxxii., 10. 
 
 Hymn II. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 341 ; Mone, 1, 195 ; Wackernagel, 1, 175-177, five 
 forms. In manuscript of the fourteenth century. The cor- 
 responding German, " Christ ist erstanden," is known in the 
 twelfth century, and may possibly be the original. Compare 
 Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 253, where is a translation into English. 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection of Christ. Mark xvi. 
 
 Line 15, 16. John xxi. 
 
 Hymn III. 
 In Mone, 3, 65 ; Wackernagel, 1, 157. Of the thirteenth cent- 
 ury. 
 
 Theme. The Apostles. 
 
 Line 2. Nuhes: Isaiah lx., 8. It is applied to the apostles 
 
 often: wfnrtp ve^tXat 7r\r]pFiQ Stiov (puree, iramv t7ro^i^pi'Sovmj> vdwp 
 Kuottowv oi a7r6(j~o\oi. Greek service for June 30. So Gregory, 
 M. Horn, in Ev., 1, 5, 4; Athanasius. "Showers of truth fall 
 from their dark savings." Augustine, in Mone, 3, 65. — 5. Prin- 
 cipes: Matt, xi.v, 28.— (>. Lapides: 1 Peter ii., 5, G.— 7, S. Psalms 
 xix.,4. 13-15. In the year 95, says the legend, St. John was 
 sent to Komc by the proconsul of Asia, and there miraculously 
 preserved from death when thrown into a caldron of boiling oil. 
 
AUCTORES INCEETI, 186-190. 307 
 
 Hymn IV. 
 
 Trench, p. 134. Translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life in 
 Song, p. 175. It is part of a long poem, sometimes ascribed to 
 Anselm of Lucca, who died 1086. The meter is a favorite one, 
 much used for narrative poems in the Middle Ages. 
 
 Theme. Our Lord's Life and Death. 
 
 Line 15. Yallem lacryinarunij "vale of tears." — 17. Trista- 
 tur : Isaiah liii., 3. 
 
 "The Joy of all is plunged in grief, the Light of all is waning, 
 The Bread of Life needs nourishing, the Strength of all sustaining ; 
 The Fount at which all heaven is filled, the Fount of life is thirsting — 
 What heart such wonders can behold, and not be nigh to bursting?" 
 
 Mrs. Charles. 
 Hymn Y. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 339; Trench, p. 116; Konigsfeld, with German 
 translation, Lat. Hyinnen und Gesange, 2, 306. Fifteenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Nativity. 
 
 Line 4-6. Quae (nox) paris in terris delicias suspiratas, (et) 
 datas e coelo. — 10-12. Me us Deus, sol vitae, in came suboritur 
 mundo, ut (mundus) vivat. — 16. Caula, stable, singular of the cau- 
 lae given in the dictionaries. — 24. Quid sibi volimt, what wish for 
 themselves, purpose, mean. 
 
 Hymn VI. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 342; Konigsfeld, 1, 208. Translation into En- 
 glish in SchafTs Christ in Song, p. 100, by E. A. Washburn. 
 Fourteenth to sixteenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Infant Christ in the arms of his Mother. 
 
 Line 18. Spicula, darts, learnings of love and light ; frequently, 
 darts of Cupid — a play on the two meanings is intended. — 21. 
 One struck by such a dart was inflamed with love. — 24. Iesule, 
 diminutive of Iesus. H., 315 ; A. and G., 44, 1, 3. Diminutives 
 of affection abound in the Romanic tongues. See p. 175, line 44. 
 
 Hymn VII. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 335 ; Konigsfeld, with a German translation, Lat. 
 Hymnen und Gesange, 2, 280 ; Mrs. Charles, with an English 
 
308 
 
 NOTES. 
 
 translation, Christian Life in Song, p. 293 ; Schaff, Christ in 
 Bong, p. 602. Longfellow also has translated it : 
 
 " God ! my spirit loves but Thee." 
 It is a late hymn, and is known as Xavier's hymn, having been 
 often ascribed to Francis Xavier, the friend and companion of 
 Loyola, - the Apostle of the Indies:' 1506-1552. 
 Theme. Love of Christ. 
 
 Line 12. Ah: others, ac.— 20. Schaff omits the last line. Others 
 read : 
 
 4 'Sic Dens, semper amem te, 
 Ut ipse tu amasti me, 
 Sed amem te, quod mea spes, 
 Quod meum summura bonum es." 
 
 Hymn VIII. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 345 ; Konigsfeld, with a German translation, Lat. 
 Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 222; Trench, p. 150. Fourteenth to 
 sixteenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Love of the Suffering Christ. 
 
 Line 1, 2. Psalm h\, 0.— 8. Improperium : Rom. xv., 3 ; Heb. 
 xi., 20.— 13, 14. " Columba mea in foraminibus petrae, in caverna 
 maceriae, ostende mihi faciem tuam." The Latin of tile Song of 
 Solomon, ii., 14. "Foramina petrae, vulnera Christ! In°his 
 passer invenit sibi domum et turtur nidum, ubi reponat pullos 
 suos; in his se columba tutatur, et circumvolitantem intuetur 
 accipitrem." St. Bernard, in Cant. Serm. 01 ; Trench, p. 151. 
 
 Hymn IX. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 365; Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen und Gesange, 1, 
 230 ; Trench, p. 159. Translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life 
 in Song, p. 182; Schaff, Christ in Song, two versions, p. 250, 257. 
 Schaff calls it " this sweet and cheering Easter hymn." 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection of Christ. John xix, 11-18. 
 
 Line 1. Mary Magdalene is here identified with "the woman 
 thai was a sinner" of Luke vii., 37, as she usually is in the Mid- 
 dle Ages. Compare Dies Irae, line 37, p. 155.— 3. Simonis: the 
 Pharisee. Luke vii, 40.-4. Supply ^.-25. Quinque, etc. 
 John xx, 24-29 ; Luke xxiv, 40. 
 
AUCTORES INCERTI, 193-197. 309 
 
 Hymn X. 
 
 In Konigsfeld, Lat. Hymnen unci Gesange, 1, 238, with a Ger- 
 man translation ; also a second translation by A. W. Schlegel, p. 
 273 ; Trench, p. 249. Fourteenth to sixteenth century. 
 
 Theme. Love of Christ. 
 
 Line 1, 2. The forms of speech are drawn from Solomon's Song, 
 Sionis filiae, Cant, i., 5 ; ii., 7.-3. Cant, ii., 5 — 10. Cant, ii., 5.— 
 10-18. The phoenix builds its own funeral-pile of myrrh and 
 cassia, and burns itself, and rises from its ashes with renewed 
 youth. The rest of the poem is the death-song of the phoenix : 
 
 "Eire ascending seeks the sun; 
 So a soul that's born of God 
 Upward tends to his abode. " 
 
 Hymn XI. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 349 ; Konigsfeld, Lat, Hymnen und Gesange, 2, 
 324 ; Trench, p. 302. Trench calls it " perfect in its kind." Four- 
 teenth to sixteenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Cross. 
 
 Hymn XII. 
 
 In Konigsfeld, with a German translation, Lat. Hymnen und 
 Gesange, 1, 226. An English translation by Mrs. Charles, Chris- 
 tian Life in Song, p. 184. Fourteenth to sixteenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection of Christ, 
 
 Line 3, 4. Summus et imus orbis, the highest and lowest 'part of 
 the world, the world above and below. — 7, 8. The beauty of the 
 tender palm is a representative of spring. — 20. Barbytha, bad 
 spelling for barbita {fiaofiiTov), lutes. 
 
 Hymn XIII. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 166; Mone, 3, 118; Trench, p. 75. "This sub- 
 lime hymn, though not Adam of St. Victor's, proceeds from one 
 formed in his school and on his model, and is altogether worthy 
 of him. It is, indeed, to my mind, grander than his own" 
 on the same theme. Trench. Thirteenth century. 
 
 Theme. John the Evangelist. 
 
 Line 1-6. 1 John i., 1. — 7-9. See note on line 49 of Hymn V. 
 
310 NOTES. 
 
 of Adam of St. Victor, p. 142.— 12. Pe throno: Rev. xxii., 1. — 
 13. Coelum transit: "Transcendit nubes, transcendit virtutes 
 coelorum, transcendit angelos, et Verbum in prindpio reperit, et 
 Verbum apud Deum vidit." Ambrose, Prol. in Exp. in Luc, c. &, 
 in Trench, p. 76 : 
 
 " He passed the flaming bounds of space and time; 
 The living throne, the sapphire blaze, 
 Where angels tremble when they gaze, 
 He saw ..." 
 
 Gray, of Milton. 
 
 — 15. John is an eagle, tried by the light of God as the young 
 eagle which its parents try by the sun ; if it look steadily, well : 
 " Si acie palpitaverit, tanquam adulterinus ab ungue diniittitur." 
 Augustine of John, Tract. 36. — 17> 18. Isaiali vi., 2, is translated 
 in the Vulgate : " Duabus velabant faciem ejus," i. e., Domini. 
 This was coupled with Exodus xxxiii., 20, and the wings of the 
 seraphim were taken as a veil, hiding God even from the proph- 
 ets. John looked sub alls and saw God. — 19-21. Rev. iv., 10; 
 v., 8. — Nnmmp : John stamps the Trinity on the coins of our city, 
 i. e., exhibits God as its King. Luke xx., 24 ; Rev. iv., 8-11 ; iii., 
 12. Trench thinks these coins are men or icords. — 25-30. Olshau- 
 sen has taken this stanza as the motto of his Commentary on 
 John. Trench says sacred Latin poetry has not a grander stanza. 
 — 28. Implenda: the Apocalypse. — Impleta: the Gospel. —31. 
 Isaiah lxiii., 1-3; Rev. xix., 11. — 32. Isaiah liii., 2-4. — 34. Ezek. 
 i., 10; Rev. iv., 7.-37. Dilecte (Iohannes), John xiii., 23 ; ^xi., 20. 
 -De Dilecto (Christo).— 38. Ex Dilecto (Deo). " Qualis est di- 
 lectus tuns ex dilecto," Canticles v., 9, where ex dilecto was thought 
 to mean sprung from God, Son of God. — 40. Cibus, Christ. Psalm 
 lwviii., 25. So Augustine, Hildebert, and others quoted in 
 Trench. — 44, 45. John xiii., 23.-46. Patrono: Christ, Rev. v., 
 9. 
 
 Hymn XIV. 
 
 In Mone, 1, 30; in Schaff, Christ in Song, p. 429, the three first 
 lines arc quoted as a heading for Bonar's hymn : 
 " I was a wandering sheep, 
 I did not love the Ibid." 
 It is as early as the eleventh century. 
 
ATJCTORES INCERTI, 199-202. 311 
 
 Theme. The Incarnation. 
 
 Line 2. Summus opilio: Hebrews xiii., 20. — 7. Pugnaturus 
 induit: Ephesians vi., 16, 17. — Tunicam, the garment of the 
 flesh. — 8^ 9. Thalamo puellae : see Hymn IV. of Ambrose, line 
 13, p. 12, and note. 
 
 Hymn XV. 
 
 In Mone, 1, 118; a translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life 
 in Song, p. 178. There are three more stanzas in Mone. The 
 hymn has been ascribed to St. Bernard, and Mone thinks it good 
 enough to be his. 
 
 Theme. The Suffering of Christ, 
 
 Line 1. Dulcis: Psalm xxxiv., 8. " Amemus Iesum, quia dul- 
 cis est," Augustine, Serm. 130, 3; and so, abundantly with the 
 fathers. Mrs. Charles omits " the epithet ' dulcis/ as not precisely 
 rendered by any corresponding English adjective." — Spes panpe- 
 ris : Matt, xi., 5. — 14. Pigmenta 5 spices, a common meaning in 
 late Latin. Med. Lat. Diet. — 21. Supply sumus. — 22. Tu te, 
 usually printed as one word, tute; supply es ex. — 27. Tyranni: 
 daifiovtov Tvpawig. Chrysost.,De S.Roinano, 2. — 51. Zelus^ neut, ? 
 as in late Greek. 
 
 Hymn XVI. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 343; Waekernagel, 1, 243, two forms. Transla- 
 tion in Schaff's Christ in Song, p. 309 ; from Neale's Mediaeval 
 Hymns, p. 173; Shipley's Lyra Messianica, p. 419; version by J. 
 W. Hewett. Some copies have Alleluia after each line. Fif- 
 teenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Ascension. 
 
 Line 9. Daniel reads, and Neale translates : 
 
 "In hoc triumpho maximo." 
 "In this great triumph of onr King." 
 
 Hymn XVII. 
 
 In Mone, 1, 86. Of the fifth century. 
 
 Theme. Alleluia. From Sqrtuagesima, i. e., the seventieth day 
 before Easter, to Easter Sunday, the Alleluia is not sung. Special 
 Alleluia hymns are therefore sung on the evening before this in- 
 termission. 
 
312 NOTES. 
 
 Lino 2. Aetherei : " Aliud est coelum aereum, aliud aethereum." 
 Gregory, M. Horn, in Ev., 2, 29, 5. — 3. Perenne, in contrast with 
 the alleluias of earth. — 13, 14. (Vos) victores capitis almnm de- 
 cus. — 19. Supply est.— 22. Suavisonus, sweet, adj. in no diet. 
 
 Hymn XVIII. 
 
 In Daniel, 2, 53 ; Mone, 1, 88 ; The Seven Great Hymns, p. 148 ; 
 Ni ale's Mediaeval Hymns, p. 43, a translation. It is attributed 
 by Xeale and his followers to Godeschalcus, or Gotschalk, a Ger- 
 man monk, who died about 950. He is to be carefully distin- 
 guished, says Neale, from Godeschalcus, who was condemned as 
 a heretic on predestination. The Proses given as his by Wack- 
 ernagel and Daniel are much like this. 
 
 Theme. Glory to God. Psalm cxlviii. 
 
 Line 7-9. Rev. xiv., 3. — 17. Cauma, -atis, n. (kclvho), heat, in 
 
 the Vulgate, Job xxx., 30, last ed. of White and Riddle.— 33. 
 
 Freqnentans: agrees with genus humanum, line 31. — 39. Socii : 
 
 the choir of priests. — 41. Pueruli: a special choir of boys.— 43. 
 
 Omnes : the people. 
 
 Hymn XIX. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 2G1. A translation by Mrs. Charles, Christian Life 
 in Song, p. 198 ; Neale, Mediaeval Hymns, p. 182. The thirteenth 
 century. 
 
 Theme. Alleluia. 
 
 Line 8. Hierusalem, i.e., Ierusalem; note the accent on the 
 penult. For the use of H in such words, see p. 272, Hymn II., 
 line 2, note on Heli. — 11, 12. Psalm exxxvii., 1. — 15, 16. See 
 remark on theme, Hymn XVIL, p. 311. 
 
 Hymn XX. 
 
 Neale's Mediaeval Hymns, p. 163; Schaff's Christ in Song, 
 translation by Prof. T. C. Porter, of Lafayette College, p. 254. 
 Thirteenth century. 
 
 Theme. The Resurrection of Christ. Mark xvi. 
 
 Line 3. Morte : abl. of separation. II., 425 ; A. and G., 54, 1, b. 
 S. lacohi (Mary the mother) of James. — 15. Moiinmento : dative 
 for nil monumentum (John xx., 4), as we use to in English for in- 
 direct object and end of motion. — 20. (Juia, that. John xx., 
 '1 1 "ili. 
 
AL'CTORES INCERTI — MARIA, SCOTIAE REGINA, 208-210. 313 
 
 Hymn XXI. 
 
 In Daniel, 1, 239 ; Mone, 1, 319 ; Wackernagel, 1, 84 ; Trench, 
 p. 311 ; and the Breviaries. Translation in Neale's Mediaeval 
 Hymns, p. 18. It is of the seventh or eighth century. The later 
 versions, as in the Breviarium Romanum, polish it up a good 
 deal. It is also used in parts, making three different hymns. It 
 has been one of the most fertile sources of happy hymns. Trench 
 speaks of two of these German hymns as " lovely " and " glori- 
 ous."" " Jerusalem, my happy home," and " O mother dear, Je- 
 rusalem," arc known as universal favorites with our English peo- 
 ple, and have a venerable antiquity and interesting history. See 
 Neale's Hymns on the Joys and Glories of Paradise, p. 18 ; The 
 New Jerusalem, Edinburgh, 1852 ; Prime's " O Mother Dear Jeru- 
 salem," New York, 1865. 
 
 Theme. The New Jerusalem. The Dedication of a Church. 
 
 Line 1. Dicta pacta visio, a translation of the Hebrew word 
 Jerusalem, current as early as Origen. Horn., ix., 2. — 2. 1 Peter 
 ii., 5. — 3« Rev. xxi., 2 — angelta coroiiata. Some read co-omata; 
 some, plausibly, angelica ornatu; Trench, ab angelis ornata. — 4, 5. 
 (Urbs) veniens, praeparata, copuletur Domino ut sponsata. — 6. 
 Supply sunt. For the description, see Rev. xxi., 19, 21. — 10. 
 Tuiisionibus, from tunsio, -nis, pounding ; a late derivative from 
 tundo. Not in the dictionaries. Said by Mone to be French. — 
 13, 14. Ephes. ii., 20. The Church militant is distinctively 
 Syon, i. e., speculation looking to the far off; the Church trium- 
 phant is Jerusalem, i. e., visio pads. So says Trench after Du- 
 randus. — 17. Canore; Mone, canoro. A. and G., 47, 3, c. — 18. 
 Favor e : Mone, fervor e. Whether the two last stanzas are part 
 of the original poem is eagerly disputed. 
 
 XXXV. MARIA, SCOTIAE REGINA. 
 In Konigsfeld, 1, 256 ; Schaff, p. 449. 
 
 From the Prayer-book of Queen Mary, and generally believed 
 to be her composition. 
 
 O 
 
314 
 
 .NOTES. 
 
 XXXVI. MARTIN LUTHER AND PHILIP C. BUTTMANN. 
 
 Life.— Mabtm Luther was born at Eisleben, Nov. 10 1483 
 and died there, Feb. 18, 154G. This hymn is first known as 
 printed in Augsburg, 1529. It has been generally believed to 
 have been composed there during the sitting of the Diet. The 
 translation into Latin by Buttmann was first published in 1830, 
 at a jubilee to celebrate the publication of the Confession of 
 Augsburg. Buttmann, the great grammarian and philologist 
 was born in 1764, and died in 1829, shortly before the publication 
 of this translation. The hymn, besides its great merits as a lyric 
 of Christian heroism, is of national importance as part of the 
 history of Germany. There are earlier translations into Latin, 
 some of them very good. The text of the hymn, as first printed 
 in High-German, is as follows. 
 
 Wackernagel, 3, 20 : 
 
 "Ein feste burg ist unser Gott, 
 Kin gate wehr und waffen, 
 Er hilfft unns frey aus aller not 
 Die uns ytzt hat betroffen. 
 5 Der alt bose feind 
 
 Mit ernst ers ytzt meint, 
 Gros macht und viel list 
 Sein grausam rustling ist, 
 Aufferd ist nicht seins gleichen. 
 
 10 ' k Mit unser macht ist nichts gethan 
 Wir sind gar bald verloren : 
 Es streit fur uns der rechte man. 
 Den Gott hat selbs erkoren. 
 Fragstu, wer der ist ? 
 
 15 Er heist Jhesu Christ, 
 Der Heir Zebaoth, 
 Und [si kcin ander Gott, 
 Das felt mas er behalten. 
 
 11 Und wenn die welt vol Teuffel wehi 
 Unnd woh liii- gar vorschlingen, 
 
TOPLADY AND GLADSTONE, 213. 315 
 
 So fiirchten wir unns nicht zu sehr, 
 Es sol uns doch gelingen. 
 
 Der Eiirst dieser welt, 
 Wie sawr er sich stellt, 
 25 Thut er unns doch nicht, 
 Das macht, er ist gericht, 
 Ein wortlin kan yhn fellen. 
 
 "Das wort sie sollen lassen stahn 
 Und kein danck dazu haben, 
 80 Er ist bey unns wol auff dem plan 
 Mil seinem geist und gaben. 
 
 Nemen sie den leib, 
 Gut, eher, kindt und weib : 
 Las faren dahin, 
 35 Sie habens kein gewin, 
 
 Das reich mus uns doch bleiben." 
 
 Theme. God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in 
 trouble. Psalm xxxv. 
 
 Line 5> 6. (Is, i. e., diabolus), cui (est) mos (terrere), iam ter 
 terret nos. — 8. 1 Peter v., 8. — 9, Illi (diaboli, leoni). — 23. Dux 
 saeculi, 'prince of this world. John xvi., 11. — 24. Matt, iv., 10. 
 
 XXXVII. TOPLADY AND GLADSTONE. 
 
 Life. — Augustus Montague Toplady was born in Surrey, 
 1740; studied at Trinity College, Dublin ; was vicar of Broad- 
 hembury, Devonshire ; and w T rote some polemic tracts for Calvin- 
 ism, and some good hymns, of which the best and most eminent 
 is the one here given. He died in 1778. 
 
 William Ewart Gladstone w T as born in Liverpool, Dec. 29, 
 1809 ; graduated as a double first-class at Oxford, 1831 ; was in 
 Parliament, 1832 ; Lord of the Treasury, 1834 ; married, July 25, 
 1839, to a daughter of Sir Stephen R. Glynne, Lord Lyttleton at 
 the same time marrying her sister. In commemoration of this 
 double marriage w T as published, in 1861, "Translations by Lord 
 Lyttleton and the Eight Hon. YV r E. Gladstone," in which the 
 
310 NOTES. 
 
 following is contained, written in 1848. The author's long and 
 useful career as Prime Minister and author may be studied in 
 dictionaries of biography or histories of our times. 
 
 The Hymn. 
 
 In SchafT, Christ in Song, p. 4G1, the original with valuable 
 comment, and the translation. 
 
 Theme. Christ our Refuge. 
 
 Line 1, 2. Isaiah xxvi.,4; Psalms xviii., 3; xix., 14; Cant, ii., 
 14 ; 1 Cor. x., 4.-3, 4. John xix., 34.-5, 6. Rev. i., 5.— 17, 18. 
 Fontem: Zech.xiii., 1.— 21, 22. Romans xiv., 16. 
 
THE RISE AND GROWTH OF 
 THE CHRISTIAN HYMNS. 
 
 The Jews, and the heathen Greeks and Romans, used psalms, 
 odes, hymns, as part of their religious services. Jesus used 
 them with his disciples. They are mentioned by the apostles, 
 and by them commended as part of the worship of early Chris- 
 tians. Frequent mention of the singing of the Christians is found 
 in early writers; and it is evident that, besides the psalms of the 
 Old Testament, original hymns were sung from the earliest times 
 giving divine honors to Christ. The special attention of the 
 Church was called to them in the middle of the fourth century, 
 by the fact that several sects of heretics were using them to prop- 
 agate their doctrines. The Arians especially had composed 
 hymns w T hich had taken strong hold of the people of Constanti- 
 nople and the East. The Synod of Laodicea, A.D. 344-346, tried 
 to cure this evil by forbidding the use of all hymns or psalms not 
 found in the Bible. The most eminent Christians of the West, 
 Hilary, Ambrose, and Augustine, thought it better to use similar 
 songs of orthodox substance. The Latin Church was ready for 
 the new hymns. Those of Ambrose, especially, suited them, and 
 came into universal use, first among his people in Milan, and then 
 throughout Italy. Similar hymns sprang up, it was hardly known 
 how, and became current every where with those who spoke 
 Latin. 
 
 In the seventh century, at the Council of Toledo, they were 
 formally approved. Each generation made its additions to the 
 common stock, often by its most eminent men ; and the accu- 
 mulation continued as long as Latin w\as spoken. Afterward, 
 when the Reformation called for intelligible hymns of the people, 
 translations of the older hymns into the Germanic languages 
 
31S RISE AM) GROWTH OF THE CHRISTIAN HYMNS. 
 
 continued in use among Protestants. These hymns were the first 
 original poetry of the people in the Latin language, unless, per- 
 haps, those critics may be right who think they find in Livy a 
 prose rendering of earlier ballads. The so-called classic poetry 
 
 was an echo of Greece, both in substance and form, the matter and 
 meters were both imitated, and the poems were composed for the 
 lovers ot* Grecian art in the Roman court. It did not spring from 
 the people, and it never moved the people. But the Christian 
 hymns were proper folk poetry, the "Bible of the people" — their 
 Homeric poems. Their making was not so much speech as action. 
 Legends described some of the best of them as the inspired acts 
 of Christian heroes. They were m substance festive prayers, the 
 simplest rhythmic offering of thanks and praise to the giver of 
 light and of rest, both natural and spiritual, at morning and 
 evening, and at other seasons suited to the remembrance and 
 rhythmical rehearsal of the truths of the Bible. Afterward they 
 came to commemorate acts of martyrs and other Christian heroes ; 
 and then they became the utterance of the brooding love and faith 
 of contemplative piety: and finally the elaborate ingenuity of 
 monastic scholarship diesscd up any thing and every thing re- 
 ligious in these poetical forms. In these later times the same 
 scholars rewrote the rude old hymns into correct and polished 
 meters for the use of the Latin Church. The singing was at first 
 by the whole congregation, but in later times the music has be- 
 come too difficult, and trained choirs and accompanying instru- 
 ments are necessary for the service. 
 
 THE LANGUAGE. 
 
 TIk language of the early hymns is the common speech of the 
 day, deeply colored by Bible idiom. It has very much the same 
 relation to that of the Augustan books which Bunyan has to Ba- 
 con or .Milton. It docs not differ from that of the odes of Hor- 
 ace more than the household talk did in the family of Horace's 
 father; and the differences are generally gains. A lew new 
 word- appear which are needed for new thoughts; old words are 
 ennobled by being applied to Christian uses; the main differ- 
 ence Is ;i greater simplicity of structure and idiom, which is a re- 
 turn to the real speech of Rome, and is better than the artificial 
 
RISE AND GROWTH OF THE CHRISTIAN HYMNS. 319 
 
 complexity of the old book speech, just as Bunyan is better than 
 Bolingbroke, or Homer better than Pindar. In the later hymns 
 an artificial elaboration of the language appears. 
 
 THE METERS. 
 
 During the time of the writing of the hymns an essential change 
 took place in the pronunciation of Latin. Quantity and pitch 
 were used for accent and emphasis in the early Latin ; stress or 
 loudness of sound gradually took their place, and the meters 
 changed at the same time. In studying the prosody of the hymns, 
 a change is needed in tbe common definitions of the metrical feet. 
 They should be defined simply by the order and make of the 
 arsis and thesis : 
 
 An Iambus is a monosyllabic thesis followed by a monosyl- 
 labic arsis. 
 
 A Trochee is a monosyllabic arsis followed by a monosyl- 
 labic thesis. 
 
 A Dactyl is a monosyllabic arsis followed by a dissyllabic 
 thesis. 
 
 An Anapaest is a dissyllabic thesis followed by a monosyl- 
 labic arsis. 
 
 In the Augustan poetry the arsis is laid on long syllables, 
 in the later Latin poetry it is laid on accented syllables ; an iam- 
 bus in the old poetry is therefore a short syllable followed by a 
 long, while in the later poetry it is an unaccented followed by 
 an accented syllable. In the hymns the change from one system 
 to the other is gradual. The earliest are measured regularly by 
 long and short quantity. Then writers who mean to write quan- 
 titative verses become careless about their quantities, especially 
 in the syllables of the thesis. As we go on, the prose accent and 
 the arsis more and more often coincide, uutil finally it is enough 
 to make good verses that the accented syllables of prose pronun- 
 ciation shall fall in the arsis and the unaccented in the thesis 
 of the feet in sufficient numbers to keep up the rhythmical move- 
 ment in the natural reading of the verses. This is accentual 
 meter. For a more careful study of it, take March's Anglo-Saxon 
 Grammar, page 222 and after. 
 
320 RISK AND GROWTH OF THE CHRISTIAN HYMNS. 
 
 RIME. 
 
 Nations who unite prose accent and arsis need to mark off 
 their verses plainly. They do it by rime, the rhythmical repe- 
 tition of letters. When the riming letters begin their words, it 
 is called alliteration ; when they end their words, it is called 
 rhyme. Ilime seems to have grown naturally into use in the later 
 Latin poetry. It will be seen to appear first as an occasional 
 ornament in the hymns, and become regular in form and place by 
 slow degrees. The old Teutonic poetry used alliteration as an 
 essential part of their metrical system, and German and Anglo- 
 Saxon poets often use it freely in their Latin verses. Study of 
 the alliterative meters as well as the quantitative is desirable for 
 the full appreciation of the hymns. The stanzas which are found 
 in the hymns of this book are described in the following table. 
 The use of the names of compound meters has been avoided, and 
 the scanning given as far as possible in simple feet. In the care- 
 ful study of the verse, attention should be given both to the an- 
 cient quantities and the prose accents of the syllables in each 
 foot. 
 
THE STANZAS. 
 
 DACTYLIC. 
 
 I. Hexameters.— Pages 61, 69, 99,152. 
 
 Salve | saneta Pajrens, || e|nixa pu|erpera | Eegem. 
 
 II. Hexameters rhymed. — The second foot rhymes with the 
 fourth in each line, and the ends of the adjacent lines 
 rhyme in pairs. Pages 126, 127. 
 
 Hie breve | vivitur, || hie breve \pldngltur, || hie breve | fletur: 
 Non breve | vlverS, \\ non breve \pldngere || retribu|ETL"R. 
 
 III. Elegiacs. — 1 Hexameter + 1 Pentameter. Page 65. 
 
 Crux bene|dlcta nijtet, || Domi|nus qua | carne pejpendit, 
 Atque crujure su|o || vuluera | nostra la|vit. 
 
 IV. 1 Hexameter +1 Pentameter + 1 Hexameter. Page 67. 
 V. 1 Hexameter + 2 Pentameters. Page 67. 
 
 VI. Tetrameters, 4 accentual dactyls ; the caesura after the 
 second foot; the ends of adjacent lines rhyming in pairs 
 or fours. Page 176. 
 
 Ciir mundus \ militat j | sub vana | gloria, 
 Cuius pro|speritas || est trknsi\t6riaf 
 
 VII. Tetrameters. — 2 Adonics in a verse, with alliteration or 
 irregular rhyme. Pages 86, 102. 
 
 (Allit.) Sed tibi, | Sancte, || Soliis i|mago. 
 
 (Rhyme.) Nocte di|eque || iuncta ma,\nebit, 
 A"bsque malrito || nemo | \i\debit. 
 
 VIII. Tetrameter catalectic. — 3 dactyls and a catalectic sylla- 
 ble, the adjacent lines rhyming in pairs. Page 6. 
 
 O 2 
 
322 THE STANZAS. 
 
 Martyria | eccg dl|e's Arga\ihai 
 Virginia emicat eximi 
 
 IX. Dimeter.— Two accentual dactyls, with varying rhymes. 
 Pages 111,131,193. 
 
 Mitt it ad | vlrginem 
 Nod qufemvis | angelum. 
 
 These hymns may also be scanned as iambic dimeter 
 brachycatalectic, No. XXIX. 
 X. Adonic. — Dactyl -f spondee. Page 196. 
 
 Plaudit e j coell. 
 
 XL Stanza of six verses.— 1, 2, 4, 5, Adonics, rhyming in pairs; 
 3, 6, dactylic trimeters, rhyming. Page 188. 
 
 IAMBIC. 
 XII. Trimeter.— 6 iambics. Page 62. 
 
 XIII. Stanza of four lines.— 1, 2, 3, iambic trimeters ; 4, an Adon- 
 
 ic. Page 3. 
 
 XIV. Trrmeter BRAcnvcATALECTic— 5 iambics. Page 199, 
 
 irregular verses. 
 XV. Dimeter. — 4 iambics with the interchangeable feet. 
 Pages 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 
 28 (2), 29, 33, 34, 36, 37 (2), 38, 39 (2), 40, 42, 55, 56, 
 57,58,59,60,66,75,77,79,81,82. 
 XVI. Stanzas of dimeters (2 or 4), rhyming in pairs of adjacent 
 
 lines. Pages 183, 184, 74, 98, 159, 160, 190. 
 XVII. Stanzas of dimeters, rhyming in triplets. Page 206, and 
 last stanza, page 148. 
 
 O filii | et fi]\iae 
 
 Rkx cor testis, I rrx g\6r\iae 
 
 Mdrte | surrox it hod|i"g. 
 
 XYII1. Stanza of dimeters, rhyming in fours. Page 122. 178. 
 XIX. Stanza of seven dimeters, verses 1, 2 and 3, 4 and 5, 6, T 
 
 rhyming. Page 47. 
 XX. Stanza of eight dimeters, rhyming in pairs of adjacent 
 lines. Page 199. 
 
THE STANZAS. 323 
 
 XXL Stanza of eight dimeters, irregularly rhymed ; verse 8 re- 
 peating verse 1. Page 79. 
 XXII. Stanza of four verses. 1, 2, dimeter, rhyming; 3, 4, trim- 
 eter brachycatalectic (see XIV.), rhyming. Page 110. 
 
 XXIII. Stanza of eight verses. 1, 3, dimeter, rhyming; 2, 4, 8, 
 
 dimeter catalectic (see XXVII.), rhyming; 5, 6, 7, dim- 
 eter brachycatalectic, rhyming. 
 
 Veni, | Crea|tor S$ir\itus, 
 Spiri|tus re | ere a [tor, 
 Tu thins, | tu da;tus coQl\itus, 
 Tu do | n urn tii | don a | tor; 
 Tii lex, | tu digjitus, 
 A'lens | et al|itiis, 
 Spiralis | et spir|itus, 
 Spira|tus et | spiriJTOR. 
 
 XXIV. Stanza of nine verses. 1, 3, dimeters ; 2, 4, dimeter cata- 
 
 lectic, rhyming; 5, 6, 7, acephalous dimeter brachy- 
 catalectic, 5 rhyming with 6 ; 8, dimeter brachycata- 
 lectic, rhyming with 7 ; 9, a dimeter catalectic, with- 
 out rhyme. Page 211. 
 
 Arx firm ] a De|us nos|ter est, 
 Is teljum, quo ] mtd\mur; 
 Is ex | plica t | ex onVmbus 
 Queis ma lis im \i\icd\mur. 
 
 Nam | cui semjper mds, 
 
 lam | ter terjret nos; 
 
 Per | astum | per vim, 
 Saevam | levat | sitim; 
 
 Nil par | in terjris il|li. 
 
 XXV. Stanza of four verses. 1, 3, dimeter, rhyming; 2, 4, dim- 
 eter brachycatalectic, rhyming. Page 178. 
 
 XXVI. Stanza of six verses. 1, 3, 5, dimeter; 2, 4, 6, dimeter 
 acephalous ; 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6 rhyming. Page 
 90. 
 
 Pascha|lis fes|ti gaujdiw??* 
 Mundji rejplet am h'xtuni ; etc. 
 
324 THE STANZA-. 
 
 XXVII. Dimeter Catalectic. — 4 iambics, less the final sylla- 
 ble. Page 195. 
 
 Crux :ivc ben | edict a, 
 
 lVr te mors est | devict a. 
 
 XXVIII. Stanza of six verses. 1, 2, 4, 5, dimeter catalectic, 
 rhyming in pairs; 3, 6, dimeter braeliycatalectic (3 
 iambics), rhyming. Page 170. 
 
 O es ca vi atojrum! 
 () pa nis an gelo|rum ! 
 O manjna coel|itum! etc. 
 
 XXIX. Dimeter Brachycatalectic. — 3 iambics. Pages 
 193,111,131. 
 
 Tandem | audijte me 
 Sionjis filiae ! 
 
 These hymns may be read as dactylic dimeters. 
 No. IX. 
 
 TROCHAIC. 
 
 XXX. Tetrameter Catalectic. — 8 trochees, less one sylla- 
 ble. The caesura follows the fourth foot. Pages 
 45, 04, 71, 94, 208. 
 
 Pange, | lingua, j glori|6se || proelijum cer|tami|nis. 
 
 XXXI. Same meter arranged in a stanza of two verses, the 
 
 first a dimeter, the second a dimeter catalectic. 
 
 Page 168, etc. See XXXVL, XXXVII., XXXVIII. 
 
 XXXII. Trimeter Catalectic — G trochees, less one syllable. 
 
 Page 1G4. 
 
 Quae sub | his fig juris || vere | latijtiis. 
 
 The first verse of this hymn has a syllable of ana- 
 crusis before beginning the regular meter. 
 
 Adoro | t< : de vote, || liitens | Ddi tas. 
 
 XXXIII. Dimeter. — 4 trochees, rhymes in pairs of adjacent 
 
 verses. Pages 100, 103, 104, 105, 15G, 178, 179. 
 
 XXXIV. Stanza of six dimeters, rhymed in pairs. Page 213. 
 
THE STANZAS. 325 
 
 XXXY. Stanza of three dimeters, rhymed in triplets. Page 
 154. 
 
 Dies | irae, | dies | ilia 
 Solvet | saeclum | in ia\villa, 
 Teste | David | cum Sy billa. 
 
 XXXVI. Stanza of four verses. 1, 3, dimeters, rhyming; 2,4, 
 
 dimeters catalectic, rhyming. Page 189. 
 XXXVII. Stanza of six verses. 1, 3, 5, dimeters; 2, 4, 6, dime- 
 ter cataleetic. Pages 51, 205. With alternate 
 rhymes. Page 168. 
 XXXVIII. Stanza of eight verses. Two of No. XXXVI. united. 
 Page 49. 
 
 XXXIX. Stanza of six verses. 1, 2 and 4, 5, dimeters, rhyming 
 in pairs ; 3, 6, dimeters catalectic, rhyming. Pages 
 119, 138, 143, 145, 146, 149, 151, 157, 165, 171, 173, 
 197. 
 
 Stabat | mater | dolo| rosa 
 Iuxta | criicem j \hcrx\mosa 
 
 Dum pen | debat ] fill | us 
 Cuius | anijmam ge\mentem 
 Contrisjtantem | et dollentem 
 
 Pertransjivit | gladi|us. 
 
 XL. Stanza of eight verses. 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6, 7, dimeters, 
 rhyming in triplets; 4, 8, dimeters catalectic, 
 rhyming. Pages 134, 140, and two stanzas, pages 
 167, 168, where also is a single stanza often verses, 
 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, 7, 8, 9 rhyming in fours. 
 
 XLI. Dimeters of two rhyming monometers, with alternate 
 dimeters catalectic, rhyming. Pages 130, 146, 191. 
 
 Lumen | cldrum || tene\b?'d?'um 
 
 Se'di|bus rejsplendujit; 
 Dum sal|iwe, || re'cre|a?-e 
 
 Quod crejavit, | volujit. 
 
 XLII. Stanza of eight verses. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, dimeters of 
 two rhyming monometers; 4, 8, dimeters catalec- 
 tic, rhyming. Page 145, Hymn VII., in wdiich see 
 other arrangements of rhymes in similar meters. 
 
326 THE STANZAS. 
 
 XL III. Stanza of seven verses. 1,3 and 5, 6, dimeters, rhym- 
 ing in pairs; 2, 4, dimeters catalectic, rhyming; 7, 
 a monometer. Page 192. 
 
 XLIV. Stanza of ten verses. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, 7, 8, 9, dime- 
 ters, rhyming in pairs or fours ; 5, 10, iambic dime- 
 ters, rhyming. Pages 114, 116, 117. 
 
 XLV. Dimeteb Catalectic. — 4 trochees, less the final sylla- 
 ble, adjacent rhymes in pairs. Page 15G, lines 56, 
 57; 199, Hymn XIV., 6-9. 
 
 Iesu, j pie | domijne, 
 Dona | eos | requije/ 
 
 XL VI. Stanza of six verses. Dimeters catalectic, 1, 2 and 
 
 3, G and 4, 5 rhyming in pairs. Page 92. 
 XL VII. Stanza of seven verses. Dimeters catalectic, 1, 3 and 
 2, 4, 7 and 5, 6 rhyming; or 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, 6, 7 ; or 
 
 1, 2, 3 and 4, 7 and 5, G. Pages 135, 13G. 
 
 XL VIII. Stanza of eight verses. 1, 3, 5, 7, dimeters catalectic; 
 
 2, 4, G, 8, dimeters brachycatalectic, rhyming all four. 
 Page 121. The same stanza printed as four verses. 
 Pages 162, 186. 
 
 Quantum | hamum | cari|tas |] tibi | praesenjtarit, 
 Mori | ciim pro | hdmijne || te so|lici | tiivit; etc. 
 
 XLIX. Stanza of ten verses. 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, dimeter catalec- 
 tic ; 2, 4, 6, 10, dimeter brachycatalectic ; 1, 3 and 2, 4 
 and 5,6 and 7,10 and 8,9 rhyme; and 5,6 rhyme 
 either with 1, 3 or 8, 9. Page 181. 
 L. Dimeter Brachycatalectic. — 3 trochees. Stanza of 
 four verses. Page 90. 
 
 A've | maris | Stella, 
 Dei | mater | alma 
 At 'que semper | virgo, 
 Felix coeli , porta. 
 
 LI. Monometer. — 2 trochees. Stanza of six verses. 1, 2 
 and 4, 5, monbmeters, rhyming in pairs; 3, 6, iambic 
 dimeters, rhyming. Page 161. 
 
THE STANZAS. 327 
 
 Christum | ducem, 
 
 Qui per | crucem 
 
 Rede[mit nos | ab hos|tibiis, 
 
 Laudet | coe'tus 
 
 Noster | laetus, 
 
 Exuljtet coejlum laiidjibiis. 
 
 LII. Stanza of four verses. 1, 2, 3, Sapphics; 4, an Adonic. 
 Pages 31, 74, 76, 77. Same stanza printed as seven verses, 
 page 84. The simplest analysis of the Sapphic is : tro- 
 chee + spondee -f- dactyl -f- trochee -|- trochee ; the Adon- 
 ic : dactyl -f- trochee. 
 
 Christe | cunctojrum || domijnator | alme, 
 Cerne be|nlgnus. 
 
 LIII. Choriambic Tetrameter (Asclepiadean). — A spondee + 
 2 choriambi + an iambus. Stanza of three verses. 1, 2, 
 Asclepiadean; 3, a Pherecratean: spondee + choriambus 
 + a syllable. Page 202. 
 
 A'llejliua piis | edite laud|ibus, 
 Cives | aetherei, | psallite suav|lter 
 A'lleluia pereu|ne. 
 
 LIV. Choriambic Tetrameter Catalectic. — A spondee + 2 
 choriambi + a syllable. Pages 14, 15. 
 
 Squalent | arva soli ) pulvere muljto. 
 
 ANAPAESTIC. 
 
 LV. Dimeter Catalectic. — A spondee + 2 anapaests -f a sylla- 
 ble ; spondees and anajxaests interchange. Page 53. 
 
 Iara maesjta quie'sjce quere|la 
 Lacrimas | suspen|dite majtres. 
 
 LVI. Monometer Hypermeter, and monometer irregularly 
 rhymed. Page 210. 
 
 O Domjine De|us! 
 Speni | vi in te ; 
 O cajre mi Ieju! 
 Nunc lib! era me. 
 
328 THE STANZA-. 
 
 Reading the last syllable of each hypermetric line 
 with the first two of the next line makes continu- 
 ous anapaests. 
 
 RHYTHMIC PROSES. 
 
 LVIL Unrhymed. Pages 20, 88 (2). 
 LVIII. Rhymed. Pages 89, 178, 179, 185, 203. 
 
TABLE OF FIRST LINES. 
 
 Meter. 
 
 A solis ortus cardine XV. 
 
 A solis ortus cardine XV. 
 
 Ad coeli clara non sum dignus sidera. . XIII. 
 
 Ad coenam Agni providi XV. 
 
 Ad perennis vitae fori-) 
 tem mens sitivit arida ) 
 
 Ad regias Agni dapes XV. 
 
 Adoro te devote, la tens Deitas XXXII. 
 
 Ad versa mundi toiera XXV. 
 
 Aeterna Christi munera XV. 
 
 Aeterne rerum conditor XV. 
 
 Ales, diei nuntius XV. 
 
 Alleluia, dulee carmen XXXVII. 
 
 Alleluia piis edite laudibus LIII. 
 
 Alpha et Q, magne Deus , XXXIII. 
 
 Apparebit repentina dies magna Domini XXX. 
 
 Arte mira, miro consilio XIV. 
 
 Arx flrma Deus noster est XXIV. 
 
 Astant angelorum chori XXXIII. 
 
 Audi, benigne conditor XV. 
 
 Aurea luce et decore roseo XII. 
 
 Aurora lucis rutilat XV. 
 
 Ave maris Stella * L. 
 
 Beata Christi passio XVI. 
 
 Beata nobis gaudia XV. 
 
 Cantemus cuncti melodum LVIII. 
 
 Christe, cunctorum dominator alme.. . . LII. 
 
 Christe, qui lux es, et dies XV. 
 
 Christum ducem LI. 
 
 Circa thronum maiestatis XL. 
 
 Coeli Deus sanctissime XV. 
 
 Coelos ascendit hodie XVI. 
 
 Author. 
 
 Fage. 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 42 
 
 Sedulius. 
 
 59 
 
 Hilarius. 
 
 3 
 
 Ambrosiani (p. 236). 
 
 33 
 
 August iniani. 
 
 45 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 33 
 
 Thomas Aquinas. 
 
 1G4 
 
 Thomas a Kempis. 
 
 178 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 22 
 
 Ambrose. 
 
 8 
 
 Prudentius. 
 
 55 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 205 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 202 
 
 Hildebert. 
 
 103 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 71 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 199 
 
 Luther, Buttmann. 
 
 211 
 
 Thomas a Kempis. 
 
 179 
 
 Gregory. 
 
 75 
 
 Elpis. 
 
 02 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 34 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 90 
 
 Bonaventura. 
 
 160 
 
 Hilarius. 
 
 5 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 203 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 31 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 28 
 
 Bonaventura. 
 
 161 
 
 Adam of St. Victor. 
 
 140 
 
 Ambrosiani. 
 
 38 
 
 Incertus. 
 
 201 
 
:;:M 
 
 TABLE OF FIRST LINKS. 
 
 Meter. Author. 
 
 <\>r Ic nam- ex parentis XXXVII. Prudentius (1.7). 
 
 ( Iredere quid dubitem fieri / 
 
 quod posse probatur j L Marbo(i 
 
 Crucem pro nobis subiit XVI. Bonaventura. 
 
 ( 'rux ave benedicta XXVII. Incertus, 
 
 Crux benedicta nitet, Domi- ) 
 
 nusquacarnepependit f IIL F °rtunatua. 
 
 Cur mundus militat VI. Jacoponus. 
 
 Da. puer, pl< ctrum choreis XXXVII. Prudentius. 
 
 Desere iam. anima, lectulum soporis. . . XLVIII. Incertus. 
 
 Deus, creator omnium XV. Ambrose. 
 
 I >eus-bomo, rex coelorum XXXIII. Marbod. 
 
 Deus. pater ingenite XV. Hilarius. 
 
 Dies irae. dies ilia XXXV. Thomas of Celano, 
 
 Dulcis Iesu. spes pauperis XX. Incertus. 
 
 Ecce, iam noctis tenuatiur umbra LII. Gregory. 
 
 Ecquis binas columbinas XLT. Incertus. 
 
 Eia recolamua Laudibus LVIII. Notker. 
 
 Fulgentis auctor aethcris XV. Ambrose. 
 
 < .aude. mortalitas IX. Petrus Vencrabiiis. 
 
 Gloria, laus et honor tibi sit ) 
 
 rexCbristeredemptor f IIL T^eodulph. 
 
 Grates nunc omnes red- ) 
 
 damus Domino Deo ) LVIL Notkc ' r - 
 
 Gravi me terrore pulsas, ) 
 
 vi.ae dies ultima \ XXX ' D *™'™™' 
 
 Heri mundus exultavit XXXIX. Adam of St. Victor. 
 
 Ibroiles. hostis Lmpie XV. Sedulius. 
 
 I leu quid iaees stabulo XLIX. Mauburne. 
 
 Hie breve vivitur, hie breve plangitur. . II. Bernard of Clugny. 
 
 Hie est dies irerus Dei XV. Ambrose. 
 
 Hie esl <|ui carnis in trans) 
 
 ergastula nostrae \ L A1 «anus. 
 
 Hominis superne conditor • XV. Ambrosiani. 
 
 Hora aovissima, tempora pessima II. Bernard of Clugny. 
 
 l! qui ductus tertia XVI. Bonaventura, 
 
 Hymnum canamus gloriae XV. Beda. 
 
 1 1 \-iin Him canentes martyrum XXI. Beda. 
 
 Pafre. 
 
 M 
 
 99 
 
 159 
 
 195 
 
 05 
 17G 
 
 51 
 
 186 
 
 9 
 100 
 
 2 
 L64 
 
 191) 
 
 71 
 
 191 
 
 89 
 
 13 
 
 131 
 
 <S7 
 
 88 
 
 9-1 
 
 143 
 
 CO 
 
 181 
 
 \'2C> 
 
 17 
 
 152 
 
 39 
 L26 
 
 159 
 81 
 79 
 
TABLE OF FIRST LINEb. 
 
 331 
 
 Meter. Author. Page. 
 
 Hymnum dicamus Domino XV. Ambrosiani. 21 
 
 Immense coeli conditor XV. Ambrosiani. 37 
 
 In Uomino semper spera LVIII. Thomas a Kempis. 170 
 
 Inlnminans altissimus XV. Ambrose. 18 
 
 lam moesta quiesce querela LV. Prudentius. 53 
 
 lam sexta sensim solvitur XV. Ambrosiani. 26 
 
 Iesu dulcis memoria XVIII. St. Bernard. 122 
 
 lesu, nostra redemptio XV. Ambrosiani. 25 
 
 Iesus pro me perforatus XXXIV. Toplady, Gladstone. 213 
 
 Labor parvus est LVIII. Thomas a Kempis. 178 
 
 Lauda, Sion, salvatorem XXXIX. Thomas Aquinas. 1G5 
 
 Lucis creator optime XV. Ambrosiani. 36 
 
 Lucis largitor splendide XV. Ililarius. 1 
 
 Lux ecce surgit aurea XV. Prudentius. 57 
 
 Magnae Deus potentiae XV. Ambrosiani. 39 
 
 Martyris ecce dies Agathae VIII. Damasus. 6 
 
 Media vita in morte sumus LVII. Notker. 88 
 
 Mediae noctis tempus est XV. Ambrosiani. 29 
 
 Mittit ad virginem IX. Abelard. Ill 
 
 Mortis portis fractis fortis XLI. Petrus Venerabilis. 130 
 
 Mundi renovatio XLVII. Adam of St. Victor. 135 
 
 Nate, Patri coaequalis XXXII I. Hildebert. 104 
 
 Nocte surgentes vigilemus omnes LII. Gregory. 76 
 
 Xuntium vobis fero de supernis LII. Gregory. 77 
 
 O Deus, ego amo te XVI. Incertus. 190 
 
 O Domine Deus LVI. Mary of Scotland. 210 
 
 O esca viatorum XXVIII. Thomas Aquinas. 170 
 
 O filii et filiae XVII. Incertus. 206 
 
 O gens beata coelitum XIX. Augustiniani. 47 
 
 O lux beata, Trinitas XV. Ambrosiani. 28 
 
 O miranda vanitas XLVIII. St. Bernard. 121 
 
 O, Rex aeterne, Domine XV. Ambrosiani. 40 
 
 O sola magnarum urbium XV. Prudentius. 58 
 
 O ter foecundas XL Incertus. 188 
 
 Obduxere polum nubila coeli LIV. Ambrose. 15 
 
 Omnis mundi creatura XXXIX. Alanus. 149 
 
 Optatus votis omnium XV. Ambrosiani. 24 
 
 Ornarunt terram gcrmina XXII. Abelard. 110 
 
332 
 
 TABLE OF FIKST LINES. 
 
 Meter. Author. 
 
 Pange, lingua, gloriosi) ,.„.,„, ,.„ 
 
 XXXVII. Thomas Aquinas. 1G8 
 
 corporis mysterium > ■ 
 
 Pange, lingua, gloriosi) „„„ 
 
 ,. XXX. Fortunatus. G4 
 
 proelium certaminis ) 
 
 Paraclitus increatus XXXIII. Hildebert. 105 
 
 Parvum quando cerno Deum XXXVI. Incertus. 189 
 
 Paschalis festi gaudium XXVI. Damiani. l M\ 
 
 Patiendo lit homo melior. LVIII. Thomas a Kempis. 179 
 
 Paule, doctor egregie XVI. Damiani. 98 
 
 Plaudite, coeli X. Incertus. 196 
 
 Pone Luctum, Magdalena XLIII. Incertus. 192 
 
 Potestate, non natura XL. Adam of St. Victor. 134 
 
 Puer natus in Bethlehem XVI. Incertus. 183 
 
 Quam dilecta tabernacla. . .XLI., XXXIX., XVII. Adam of St. Victor. 14G 
 
 Quantum hamum cari-) „ r ^ rr „ ^ 
 
 ... , . •• XLVIII. Bonaventura. 1G2 
 
 tas tihi praesentavit ) 
 
 Qui Lacuisti mortuus XVI. Bonaventura. 1G0- 
 
 Qui procedis ab utroque XXXIX. Adam of St. Victor. 138 
 
 Qui sunt isti LVIII. Incertus. 185 
 
 Quid, tyranne, quid minaris XXXVIII. Augustiniani. 49 
 
 Quum a malis molestaris XXXIII. -f XVIII. Thomas a Kempis. 178 
 
 Quum sit omnis homo foenum XXXIX. St. Bernard. 119 
 
 Recordare sanctae crucis XXXIX. Bonaventura. 157 
 
 Rex ( Jhriste, factor omnium XVI. Gregory. 74 
 
 Rex Deus, immensi quo con-) T ^ 
 
 . I I. Eugenms. GO 
 
 stat machma mundi ) ° 
 
 Salve, caput cruentatum =....,... XLIV. St. Bernard. 1 16 
 
 Salve, lest a dies, toto) „ , „ 
 
 .... [ IV. +V. Fortunatus. G7 
 
 venerabuis aevo j 
 
 Salve, mundi salutare XLIV. St. Bernard. 114 
 
 Salve, sancta Parens, enixa) 
 
 ,, ■ S I. Sedulius. Gl 
 
 puerpera Legem ) 
 
 Salve, t ropaeum gloriae XV. Beda. 82 
 
 Salvete, flores martyrum XV. frudentius. M 
 
 Sicul chorda musicorum XXXIX. + XLII. Adam of St, Victor. 146 
 
 Splendor paternae gloriae XV. Ambrose. 11 
 
 Squalent arva soli pulvere multo LIV. Ambrose. 14 
 
 Stabat mater dolorosa XXXIX. [acoponus. 171 
 
 Stabat mater speciosa XXXIX. Iacoponus, 173 
 
 Siiiimii regis cor, aveto XLIV. St. Bernard. 117 
 
 Surrexil Cbristus hodie XVI. Incertus. 184 
 
TABLE OF FIRST LINES. 
 
 333 
 
 Meter. Author. Pagre. 
 
 Tandem audite me XXIX. Ineertus. 193 
 
 Te Deum laudamus LVII. Ambrosiani. 20 
 
 Te homo laudet, alme Creator VII. Alcuin. 8G 
 
 Telluris ingens conditor XV. Ambrosiani. 37 
 
 Tu qui velatus facie XVI. Bonaventura. 159 
 
 Turtur inane nescit amare VII. Hildebert. 102 
 
 Urbs beata Ierusalcm dicta pacis visio. XXX. Ineertus. 208 
 
 Ut queant laxis resonare fibris LII. Paulus Diaconus. 84- 
 
 Veni, creator Spiritus (mentes) XV. Gregory. 77 
 
 Veni, creator Spiritus (spiritus) XXIII. Adam of St. Victor. 137 
 
 Veni, redemptor gentium XV. Ambrose. 12 
 
 Veni, Sancte Spiritus XLVI. Robert. 92 
 
 Verbum Dei, Deo natum XXXIX. Ineertus. 197 
 
 Vexilla regis prodeunt XV. Fortunatus, G6 
 
 Vita nostra plena bellis XXXIX. Alanus. 151 
 
 THE END,