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[Printed for the Use of the Prudential Committee.] 
 
 MINUTES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SPECIAL MEETING 
 
 SYRIAN 
 
 OF THE 
 
 MISSION 
 
 > 
 
 HELD IN 
 
 September and October, 1855, 
 
 ON OCCASION OF THE VISIT OF ONE OF THE SECRETARIES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 intninra ^narii nf (Cnmtnfosfoitrrs for /nrrign fflimm. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 
 PRESS OF T. R. MARVIN, 42 CONGRESS STREET. 
 1 8 5 6 . 
 
NOTE. 
 
 The Deputation to the Mahratta and Tamil Missions were detained so much 
 longer in India than they expected to be, that Mr. Thompson was unable to visit 
 the Syrian and Armenian Missions with Dr. Anderson. He had a few days 
 for Mount Lebanon, and a few more for Smyrna and its vicinity, and was on his 
 way homeward before his associate arrived from Calcutta, whither it had been 
 deemed expedient for him to go from Madras. Dr. Anderson reached Beirut on 
 the 18th of September, and was in the Mission till the 2d of October. Then, 
 accompanied by Mr. Calhoun and Mr. Ford, he proceeded by steamer to Ladakia, 
 and thence over the mountains to Kessab, Antioch and Aleppo. From Aleppo he 
 was accompanied by Mr. Calhoun to Aintab. An account of this journey, and of 
 the very interesting facts witnessed at Kessab and Aintab, was published in the 
 Missionary Herald for February, 1856. 
 
SPECIAL MEETING OF THE SYRIAN MISSION. 
 
 Minutes of the Meeting of the Syrian Mission with one of the Secre- 
 retaries of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign 
 Missions. 
 
 Abeih, September 24 , 1855 . 
 
 « 
 
 The members of the Syrian Mission assembled in a Special Meet- 
 ing, called with reference to the visit of Rev. R. Anderson, D. D., 
 Senior Secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign 
 Missions. 
 
 Present — Rev. R. ANDERSON, D. D. ; 
 
 Rev. GEORGE B. WHITING; 
 
 Rev. C. V. A. VAN DYCK, M. D. ; 
 
 Rev. SIMEON H. CALHOUN; 
 
 Rev. WILLIAM A. BENTON; 
 
 Rev. DAVID M. WILSON ; 
 
 Rev. J. EDWARDS FORD; 
 
 Rev. WILLIAM BIRD ; 
 
 Rev. JERRE L. LYONS; 
 
 Mr. GEORGE C. HURTER. 
 
 The session was opened with prayer by Dr. Anderson. Mr. Cal- 
 houn was chosen Chairman , and Mr. Ford, Secretary. 
 
 Dr. Anderson then stated the subjects on which he desired to confer 
 with the mission. Some of these subjects were discussed, after which 
 it was voted to appoint committees to report, in writing, upon the 
 respective topics. The Chairman, Stated Clerk of the Mission, and 
 Secretary of the meeting, were authorized to nominate the said com- 
 mittees. The subjects were as follows : 
 
 1. Governing Object of the Mission. — Should it be the conversion 
 of sinners, the gathering of those converts into churches, and the 
 ordaining of native pastors over those churches ? — object of the 
 seminary for males, of the seminary for females, of the common 
 
4 
 
 schools, and of the press, as means subordinate to the governing object 
 of the mission. 
 
 2. Preaching. — How far to be performed by missionaries, and how 
 far by natives — the missionary as the pioneer — whether native churches 
 should be at once furnished with native pastors — relation of the mis- 
 sionary and of the mission to such churches and pastors, in the 
 first instance — ordination of native evangelists — whether missionaries 
 should be pastors — whether the direct relation of the mission should 
 be to the native pastor, or to the native church — right of visitation 
 connected with the rendering of pecuniary aid — scriptural power of 
 the mission to preach, organize churches, ordain pastors, and require 
 from the native churches and pastors a faithful use of its funds — when 
 and where native churches should be organized — whether all native 
 preachers and pastors should go through a full course of education. 
 
 3. Location of Missionaries. — Whether missionaries should be 
 placed at Ilasbeiya, Der el Komr, and Homs — how many should 
 reside at each of the stations — whether each station should, if possi- 
 ble, have a native preacher, and each native church a native pastor — 
 whether Northern Syria should be cultivated by the Armenian mission 
 — who shall reside at Tripoli — whether we should have a mission 
 among the Nusairiyeh. 
 
 4. Summer Residences. — Whether an absence from Beirut, Sidon 
 and Tripoli, is needful for all missionaries during the summer heats — 
 whether the houses in these places may not be defended more effec- 
 tually against the heated air — whether residences may not be obtained 
 nearer to Beirut than Abeih and B’hamdun — whether the summer 
 retreats may be made more subservient to preaching on the mountains. 
 
 5. Education. — (1.) Seminary for Males. — Progress made towards 
 securing its object — number and character of the present pupils — 
 number hopefully pious — course of instruction — English language — 
 prospect of ultimate success. 
 
 (2.) Female Seminary. — Its history — its suspension — under what 
 circumstances and in what manner it should be resumed — kind of 
 pupils needed — whether it should be wholly under female instruction — 
 where it should be located — the desirable accommodations — whether 
 the English language should be taught in it. 
 
 (3.) Common Schools. — Among the Dru7.es . — How long and to 
 what extent schools have been sustained among the Druzes — their 
 apparent effect — what effect our labors have had among that people — 
 whether the death-penalty for forsaking their religion is apprehended 
 by inquiring Druzes — how far we should continue our schools among 
 them. 
 
 Schools among Christians. — Number and cost of these schools — 
 schools for males and for females, and average age of boys when they 
 
5 
 
 leave the schools — actual missionary value of these schools — how far 
 essential in our system of means. 
 
 6. Amount of English preaching in the Mission — What would be 
 the effect on the Mission of giving the whole strength of the Beirut 
 station to preaching in Arabic — what the effect on the whole Mission. 
 
 7. The Printing Establishment . — Its extent and pecuniary value — 
 its history — amount that has been expended from the first on the new 
 Arabic type — Mr. Homan Hallock’s late proposal — how extensive the 
 establishment needs to be — effect of its demands on the labors and 
 character of the Mission. 
 
 8. Books. — What new books are desirable — how these are attaina- 
 ble — school books in Arabic, now in existence — what disposition to 
 read exists among the church members. 
 
 9. Native Helpers. — Their number — education — employment — 
 wages — supervision — prospect of supply. 
 
 10. Buildings and Property. — Property now owned by the Board, 
 in land, dwelling-houses, churches, etc. — value — how far native houses 
 may be made comfortable residences — cost of a suitable dwelling- 
 house where one must be built — cost of churches that have been built 
 — whether it be necessary to build churches at present — whether one 
 is needed at B’hamdun — whether they should be furnished with chairs 
 and benches. 
 
 11. Estimates, Appropriations and Expenditures. — Intent of the 
 appropriations — whether the expenditure should be restricted to the 
 specific objects — whether balances should be used for other objects — 
 whether money received by the treasurer from every source should be 
 credited in his accounts with the treasurer of the Board — aid to indi- 
 gent Christians. 
 
 12. Outline of Station Districts. 
 
 Messrs. Benton and Bird were appointed a committee on religious 
 exercises. 
 
 Voted, To invite the sisters of the Mission to attend the sessions of 
 this meeting. 
 
 Prayer was offered by Mr. Whiting, and the meeting adjourned till 
 Wednesday morning at 9 o’clock; Tuesday being devoted to the 
 annual examination of the Seminary for Males. 
 
 Wednesday , Sept. HGth. — Met according to adjournment. Present 
 as before, with the addition of Rev. Eli Smith, D. D., who had been 
 detained by illness. A portion of Scripture was read by ihe chairman, 
 and prayer offered by Dr. Van Dyck. The Minutes of the previous 
 meeting were read and approved. The committee on Religious Exer- 
 
6 
 
 cises reported in part, recommending that each daily session be opened 
 and closed with devotional exercises. The chairman reported a list of 
 the committees to prepare reports on the subjects brought before the 
 meeting by Dr. Anderson. Some amendments were made in the 
 report, and the committees were appointed as follows : 
 
 1. Governing Object in Missions. — Messrs. Van Dyck and Wilson. 
 
 2. Preaching, and the Relations of Missionaries to the Native 
 
 Churches. — Messrs. Whiting and Ford. 
 
 3. The Location of Missionaries. — Messrs. Wilson and Bird. 
 
 4. Summer Residences. — Messrs. Whiting, Van Dyck and Hurter. 
 
 5. Education. — Messrs. Calhoun, Thomson and Benton. 
 
 6. English Preaching. — Messrs. Smith, Benton and Lyons. 
 
 7. The Printing Establishment. — Messrs. Smith, Hurter and Wilson. 
 
 8. Books Needed. — Messrs. Smith and Bird. 
 
 9. Native Helpers. — Messrs. Van Dyck and Hurter. 
 
 10. Salaries. — Mr. Calhoun. 
 
 11. Buildings and Property. — Messrs. Calhoun, Ford and Bird. 
 
 12. Estimates, Appropriations and Expenses. — Messrs. Calhoun and 
 
 Whiting. 
 
 13. Outline of Station Districts. — Messrs. Thomson and Lyons. 
 
 Discussion was then resumed on the subject of the Relation of 
 Missionaries to Native Pastors and Churches; and continued on the 
 subject of Summer Residences, and of English Preaching; which 
 subjects, after full discussion, were referred to their respective com- 
 mittees. The meeting was closed with prayer, and adjourned till 9 
 o’clock to-morrow morning. 
 
 Thursday , Sept. 27th. — The Mission met pursuant to adjournment. 
 Present as before, with the addition of Rev. William M. Thomson, 
 who arrived last evening from Italy. After the reading of a portion of 
 Scripture, prayer was offered by Mr. Bird. The subject of the Loca- 
 tion of Missionaries was taken up, and after having been discussed in 
 part, was laid over for further consideration. The subject of Educa- 
 tion was also discussed in part. The session was closed with prayer 
 by Mr. Lyons. 
 
 Friday, Sept. 2 8th. — The Mission met at 9 A. M., pursuant to 
 adjournment. After the reading of a portion of Scripture, prayer 
 was offered by Mr. Thomson. The Minutes of the preceding meeting 
 were read and approved. The subject of the Location of Mission- 
 aries was resumed, fully discussed, and referred to its appropriate 
 committee. The rest of the subjects laid before the Mission were 
 taken up, one by one, and after due consideration were referred in 
 
7 
 
 like manner. The meeting was closed with prayer, and adjourned till 
 2 o’clock to-morrow afternoon. 
 
 Saturday, Sept. 29 tli . — Met according to adjournment. The meet- 
 ing was opened with singing and prayer — the prayer by Mr. Benton. 
 Dr. Van Dyck, from the committee on the Governing Object of Mis- 
 sions, presented a report on that subject, which was accepted. The 
 report of the committee on Preaching, and the Relations of Mission- 
 aries to the Native Churches and Pastors, was read by Mr. Ford, and 
 recommitted. Reports were read by Mr. Wilson, on the Location 
 of Missionaries and on Summer Residences, which were also re- 
 committed. The committee on Education reported in part through 
 Messrs. Calhoun and Thomson. Messrs. Van Dyck and Bird were 
 appointed a committee to advise with Miss Cheney, as to her residence 
 and employment for the present. Dr. Smith reported on English 
 Preaching, Mr. Wilson on the Printing Establishment, and Dr. Van 
 Dyck on Native Helpers; and these reports were accepted. The 
 Report on the Outline of Station Districts, was read by Mr. Lyons, 
 amended and accepted. The committee on Religious Exercises report- 
 ed, recommending that Dr. Anderson be invited to preach on Sabbath 
 afternoon, and that the Lord’s Supper be celebrated on Sabbath 
 evening at half past seven o’clock. After prayer by Mr. Ford, the 
 meeting adjourned till Monday morning at 9 o’clock. 
 
 Monday, Oct. ls<. — The Mission met according to adjournment. 
 Mr. Hurter and Mr. Lyons were absent by permission. After the 
 reading of a portion of Scripture, prayer was offered by Mr. Whiting. 
 The reports on Preaching, and the Relations of Missionaries to Native 
 Churches, on the Location of Missionaries, and on Summer Res- 
 idences, were read and accepted. The report of the committee on 
 Education was read, some amendments were suggested, and Mr. Bird 
 was added to the committee with a view to making these amendments. 
 The report, as thus amended, was accepted. Reports were read by 
 Dr. Smith on Books needed; and by Mr. Calhoun on Buildings and 
 Property, and also on Estimates, Appropriations and Expenses ; which 
 reports were accepted. Messrs. Thomson, Whiting and Bird were 
 appointed a committee of advice in reference to the case of Yoosuf 
 Barakat. Messrs. Calhoun, Whiting and Ford were appointed a com- 
 mittee on Buildings. 
 
 The following Resolution was adopted, expressing the feelings of 
 the Mission in reference to the visits of Dr. Anderson and Mr. 
 Thompson : 
 
 “ Resolved, That it is a source of high gratification to this Mission, 
 that both the members of the Deputation to the India Missions, the 
 
8 
 
 Rev. Dr. Anderson, Senior Secretary of the Board, and the Rev. A. 
 C. Thompson, have been enabled, though providentially separated 
 from each other, to visit us on their way homeward. With devout 
 thanksgiving to God for this timely visit of his servants, we would 
 express our particular obligations to Dr. Anderson for his most val- 
 uable counsels, and for the very essential aid he has afforded us in 
 settling the many important questions of missionary policy brought 
 before us at this meeting. It is our prayer and hope that this visit 
 of Dr. Anderson may prove, with God’s blessing, highly useful as a 
 means of giving a new impulse to the work of the Gospel in this land. 
 And we now commend our respected friend and brother to the guid- 
 ance and protection of that same kind Providence, which has watched 
 over him hitherto, and which, we pray, may long preserve him to us 
 and to the missionary cause.” 
 
 Dr. Anderson responded in a few remarks, and offered some further 
 suggestions on the mode of carrying on the work of missions in this 
 land. The Minutes of the previous meetings were read and accepted; 
 a parting hymn was sung ; prayer was offered by the chairman ; and 
 the meeting adjourned sine die. 
 
 J. EDWARDS FORD, Secretary. 
 
9 
 
 REPORTS OE COMMITTEES. 
 
 I. 
 
 THE GOVERNING OBJECT IN MISSIONS TO THE HEATHEN. 
 
 Your committee do not suppose that an extended discussion of this 
 subject is here called for, and therefore present the following brief 
 report. 
 
 There is but one object worthy to engross the powers of an intelli- 
 gent, rational, immortal creature ; and that object is, the glory of the 
 ever-blessed God. “ For his glory all things are and were created.” 
 In a world like ours, a world in rebellion against God, but ransomed 
 by the precious blood of Christ, that glory is promoted, in the way 
 most pleasing to himself, by bringing rebels into a state of reconcil- 
 iation with their Maker and rightful Sovereign, through faith in the 
 only Redeemer and Mediator. “ This is the work of God, that ye 
 believe on him whom he hath sent.” The execution of the great 
 plan of redemption is the object steadily kept in view, in all the 
 providential dealings of God with men, from the beginning of the 
 world. The whole series of events, from the creation to the end 
 of time, are but so many radii, terminating in one grand centre — 
 the triumph of redeeming love. Then surely a sinner saved by grace 
 should have but one object for which to live — to glorify his God and 
 Savior by bringing other sinners to trust in him, who became a ran- 
 som and a propitiation for human guilt. And much more, then, a 
 ransomed sinner, chosen out and honored above the rest to be a 
 standard-bearer in the contest, and sent forth to fight the battles of the 
 Lord, should have but one desire, one aim, one all-absorbing busi- 
 ness — to win souls to Christ. In other words, the governing object 
 of every mission and of every missionary should not be to liberate, 
 to educate, to enlighten, to polish, but to convert men. 
 
 Your committee have not time to enlarge on this subject, which has 
 been so fully discussed in the reports of the India Missions, on the 
 occasion of the recent visit of the Deputation from the Prudential 
 2 
 
10 
 
 Committee ; but, in addition to the full view of the case presented in 
 those reports, we remark briefly — 
 
 1. This object is the only one which will secure the requisite num- 
 ber of efficient laborers. 
 
 In, order to bring even Christian men to the point of giving up the 
 endearments of home and country, to make them willing to sever the 
 numerous ties which bind them to all they hold most dear on earth, 
 and voluntarily exile themselves from the society of those they love, 
 from civilization, refinement, Christian privileges, and a host of other 
 precious things, that they may dwell among and labor for people of a 
 strange tongue, a perverse generation, a degraded nation, there must 
 be brought to bear upon the heart and conscience motives of the high- 
 est and strongest kind. Tell them of the ignorance and degradation 
 of men — they will pity them ; of their oppressions and hardships — 
 they will feel a sympathy for them ; but tell them of immortal souls, 
 going down to eternal death, with none to show them the way of sal- 
 vation, and they will run to their relief. Having entered the field, 
 they will feel that every moment is precious ; that eternal interests are 
 at stake ; that heaven or hell may depend upon the issue of a single 
 interview. And they will be in earnest ; and earnest laborers are the 
 only truly efficient ones. 
 
 2. This object is the only one which will keep the missionary in the 
 field, and sustain him under his labors and difficulties. 
 
 A spirit of mere benevolence may lead men, for a time, to labor for 
 the good of others, and among other things for their conversion. But 
 while human nature remains the same, these efforts will not be met 
 in the spirit of meekness and docility, but with pride, perverseness, 
 opposition, and often ingratitude, if not actual injury. Here the 
 laborer will need to fall back upon something that has power suffi- 
 cient to make him persevere in spite of these difficulties, as he will 
 be almost sure to faint, be discouraged, and perhaps withdraw from 
 the field. Mere benevolence, philanthropy, a desire to do good in 
 general, to elevate and enlighten, will not do this, as ample experience 
 has shown. There must be the deep feeling that eternal interests are 
 involved, that the glory of God is concerned, that the interests of the 
 Redeemer’s kingdom are connected with the work. Keeping this 
 object prominently before the mind, it will be seen to be paramount; 
 there will be the feeling that it must be accomplished ; that nothing 
 must be allowed to interfere with the work of plucking brands from 
 the burning, and adding jewels to the Redeemer’s crown. It will be 
 seen, too, that this object has the promise of success ; that God is 
 
11 
 
 pledged to accomplish it ; and therefore no discouragements will be 
 sufficient to cause its abandonment. 
 
 3. This object is the only one which will call forth from the 
 churches the funds necessary for the support of missions. 
 
 Let the churches know that their missionaries are teaching the 
 sciences, dispelling superstition, creating a Christian literature, and 
 they will be glad ; they will even do much to help forward the good 
 work but it will only be for a time. They will soon grow weary of 
 the repeated calls made upon their,benevolence ; and should a season 
 of pecuniary embarrassment occur, their contributions will be in dan- 
 ger of being withheld altogether. But keep before them steadily and 
 constantly and simply the conversion of souls, their eternal salvation, 
 and then you may safely trust the churches of Christ for any amount 
 of means that can be wisely and judiciously distributed. There will 
 be felt that most powerful of all motives — that which must always 
 deeply affect the pious heart — the salvation of the never-dying soul. 
 And if the churches supply the means with this object in view, then, 
 in faithfulness to their trust, the Prudential Committee must make the 
 appropriations of funds with reference to this object, and to this 
 alone. 
 
 In endeavoring to accomplish this great end, the missionary, if at 
 all blessed with success, will have to deal much with “ babes in 
 Christ,” who need to be constantly and carefully fed with the sincere 
 milk of the word, that they may grow thereby, and arrive at the stat- 
 ure of perfect men in Christ Jesus. Divine* wisdom has pointed out 
 the best way of doing this also. In accordance with the example of 
 the Apostles, these converts should be gathered into churches, and 
 furnished, as speedily as practicable, with native pastors, through whose 
 labors these infant churches may be constantly and steadily supplied 
 with the stated preaching of the word, the administration of the ordi- 
 nances, and such other means as are calculated to promote their growth 
 and sanctification. Without this, the work of the missionary will not 
 only be incomplete, but in danger of being lost. The lambs will 
 stray, grievous wolves will enter in, not sparing the flock, and the 
 whole work have to be done over again. 
 
 That which is essential to the accomplishment of an object, be- 
 comes as it were an integral part of that object. If converts are to 
 be gathered into churches and supplied with native pastors, it becomes 
 necessary to provide these pastors, and men of the proper spirit and 
 qualifications are to be trained for this office. This defines precisely 
 the position of seminaries for males, as connected with missions. 
 They are not mere educational establishments; the missions should 
 
12 
 
 not regard them as such, nor the Board support them as such, but only 
 as having for their object the training of men for the service of the 
 churches. 
 
 To meet the wants of the female part of the community, by no 
 means inferior in importance to the other, there arises a necessity for 
 female helpers of the proper spirit and qualifications, who shall, in 
 various ways, be able to fulfill their part in the accomplishment of the 
 one great object. This is the position of seminaries for females as 
 connected with the missions. Their object should not be the eleva- 
 tion, polishing and accomplishing of the female sex, considered as a 
 distinct object, but to train up and bring into the field female helpers 
 of the right spirit and qualifications, without whose aid the labors of 
 the pastor must be materially weakened, and in many cases nullified. 
 
 Common schools should be established and maintained, only so far 
 as they aid in bringing the gospel to bear upon the hearts of old and 
 young, and thus become direct means for accomplishing the great 
 design, the conversion of souls. A common school, taught by a pious 
 teacher whose grand effort is to instill spiritual truth into the minds 
 of the pupils, and forming a nucleus for a congregation to which the 
 word of God may be preached, is not apart from the great governing 
 object of the missionary work. Its design is not to educate, but to 
 make wise unto salvation. 
 
 The position of the press in connection with missions, is also 
 defined by the above statements. It should be a converting instru- 
 ment, and, as far as it is such, so far it will also be a sanctifying 
 instrument. 
 
 But as distinct committees are to report on seminaries, schools and 
 the press, we deem it not necessary to extend this report in that direc- 
 tion. 
 
 C. V. A. VAN DYCK, Chairman. 
 
 II. 
 
 PREACHING, AND ON THE RELATIONS OF MISSIONARIES T(* 
 NATIVE CHURCHES AND PASTORS. 
 
 The work, which the missionary of the Lord Jesus has to perform, 
 may be contemplated with reference to each of the two great classes 
 into which the human race is divided, viz : the unconverted, and the 
 hopefully converted.' With respect to the unconverted, who invariably 
 and unhappily constitute the vast majority of the community around 
 him, the missionary’s great business, and indeed his sole business is, 
 
13 
 
 so to present and urge upon them the claims of God, the realities of 
 the world to come, and the precious offers of mercy through a cruci- 
 fied Redeemer, as to secure their immediate and hearty acceptance 
 of the proffered salvation ; resulting in their reconciliation to God, 
 and adoption into the number of his children and servants. The 
 truths of God’s holy word are the only divinely sanctioned instrumen- 
 tality put into his hands ; and he is not ftt liberty to employ for this 
 purpose other instrumentalities, devised or recommended by human 
 wisdom, unless they can be made most directly and obviously subser- 
 vient to the preaching of the "Word. 
 
 The best mode of preaching God’s word which can be adopted, is 
 the formal declaration of its messages in a public assembly, gathered 
 for the purpose in a building or other place devoted to the worship of 
 God. Under these circumstances the missionary will be able to 
 impress most forcibly, and upon the largest number, and with the 
 greatest hope of ultimate success, the truths of salvation. He is 
 bound, therefore, to maintain such services frequently and regularly, 
 wherever and whenever he can properly do so, and especially on the 
 Lord’s day, and to use all his endeavors to induce numbers to attend 
 them, while he spares no effort to prepare himself by study aiid prayer 
 for these solemn occasions. 
 
 But he will often find it impossible to induce men, impenitent and 
 careless as they are, to attend upon his ministrations, and he will have 
 to resort to other expedients, to bring the truth in contact with their 
 minds. In social and private intercourse, amid the transaction of 
 necessary business, in the house or by the wayside, in the busy streets, 
 or in the quiet villages, by day and by night, he should lose no oppor- 
 tunity of urging upon individuals, families, or larger companies of 
 men, the messages of eternal life. 
 
 Not only should the missionary give himself wholly to this work, he 
 should enlist others in it, and employ them as auxiliaries, taking them 
 with him in his excursions, or sending them when he cannot go him- 
 self. Over such assistants he will need to exercise a constant and 
 careful watch ; and a long time may be necessary to fit them to labor 
 independently. He will therefore guard against intrusting to them, 
 without his personal superintendence, much of the pioneer work in 
 districts or communities where the sentiments of men are yet to be 
 moulded and their opinions formed on the great subjects of religion, 
 and where are to be laid, as yet, the foundations of evangelical doc- 
 trine and order. It may, in some cases, promote their usefulness to 
 have them formally and authoritatively licensed as preachers, more 
 particularly if there is a probability of their afterwards becoming 
 settled pastors. 
 
 By the faithful and persevering use of these means, with the divine 
 
14 
 
 blessing on his efforts, the servant of God may hope in due time to see 
 souls brought to repentance; and thus he will come to sustain new and 
 different relations in reference to the second of the two classes of 
 mankind, viz : the hopefully converted. 
 
 Every such person, that is, every one who gives sufficient evidence 
 to an enlightened and candid judgment of having been renewed by 
 the Spirit of God, is entitled to receive from the hands of the mission- 
 ary the Lord’s Supper, and to enter into covenant relations with God’s 
 people. While there are only two or three such persons, they may be 
 received to church privileges in an informal way. But as soon as a 
 larger number of pious persons can be found, of such a number and 
 character as give promise of harmony, efficiency, and stability in a 
 regular church organization, such a church should be formed. Its 
 constitution should be simple and scriptural, and adapted to the more 
 immediate wants of the feeble flock. The members should be taught 
 by degrees the value of their mutual relations, the exercise of sound 
 Christian discretion in the admission of new members, and the admin- 
 istration of church discipline, and the use of every legitimate means 
 for the edification of the common body, as well as for the ingathering 
 of souls from without. With the least possible delay, they should be 
 furnished with a pastor of their own race and language, and this 
 peculiar relation should be held by the missionary only temporarily 
 and for the shortest possible time. The pastor nominated by the mis- 
 sion, or approved by it, — when he is to be for a time sustained wholly 
 or in part by missionary funds, — and chosen by the church, should be 
 solemnly ordained, as such, by the mission, or under its direction. 
 And, as a general rule, ordination should be limited to those who are 
 to sustain the pastoral relation. The church being thus organized 
 and the pastor ordained, the missionary is relieved from the details of 
 pastoral work in that particular church, and left at liberty to prosecute 
 his work in other directions, and gather churches in other places 
 within his sphere. But he is not thereby released at once from all 
 connection with the infant church, and responsibility for it. On the 
 contrary, he incurs new responsibilities. The church he has estab- 
 lished will now look to him as an overseer. He is bound to watch 
 over it in respect to all matters, which he may deem important to 
 its spiritual welfare and the prosperity of the Redeemer’s cause. 
 To maintain such an influence, he must make a diligent and right use 
 of the word of God, rightly dividing the same, and employing it for 
 doctrine, for reproof, for correction and instruction in righteousness ; 
 at the same time commending his instructions to the consciences of 
 all by a godly life and conversation. The missionary’s right ot visi- 
 tation will exist until the church becomes independent of pecuniary 
 aid from the mission. By that time he may hope to have left upon the 
 
15 
 
 church the impress of divine truth, and to have established it in Chris- 
 tian order to such a degree, that he will not fear to see it stand alone, 
 nor be ashamed when he contemplates the work which God has been 
 pleased to accomplish through his feeble instrumentality. 
 
 The work«of training up suitable pastors for the churches, is one of 
 the first importance. The length of time they should be under instruc- 
 tion and on probation will vary according to the character and previous 
 attainments of the individual, and the nature and necessities of the 
 position he is to occupy. Any amount of sound secular knowledge 
 they may have obtained, is not to be despised or thrown away, but 
 directed in sanctified channels. Of theological instruction there 
 should be more than a smattering; and a thorough acquaintance with 
 the volume of inspiration and facility in using it are indispensable. 
 The course of study should be combined with and relieved by frequent 
 seasons of itinerary or local preaching and strictly evangelical labor, 
 that the candidate may be practically and thoroughly fitted for his 
 high calling; and it may be mentioned, as by no means unessential, 
 that he have a right and kindly appreciation of the true relations which 
 he, and the church over which he may be ordained, will sustain to the 
 missionary and mission, by whom he is to be inducted into the sacred 
 office. 
 
 The principles thus briefly stated are those, in the opinion of the 
 committee, on which the operations of this mission are, in an increas- 
 ing measure, conducted. If they have been in any instance and to 
 any extent departed from, the departure has been the means, ultimately, 
 of revealing to us their soundness and importance. All our past expe- 
 rience confirms the suggestions made to us at this meeting by our 
 honored and beloved Secretary ; and we ask of God grace to enable 
 us, as individuals and as a mission, to give ourselves, in the applica- 
 tion of these truths, wholly to the high and solemn work of the gospel 
 ministry. 
 
 G. B. WHITING, 
 
 J. EDWARDS FORD, 
 
 Committee. 
 
 III. 
 
 LOCATION OF MISSIONARIES. 
 
 The mission, after much deliberation on the subject of the location 
 of missionaries, have arrived at the following conclusions, which we 
 will proceed to notice, making a few explanatory remarks in passing. 
 
 1. The first change recommended is the transfer of Mr. Bird from 
 
16 
 
 the Abeih station to the new station at Deir el Komr. The reasons 
 for this step are, that the mission have long regarded that place as a 
 very important post to be occupied, and that the present seems a very 
 desirable time for placing one of our number there, and thus taking 
 possession of the field. 
 
 2. The second change we recommend is the transfer of Mr. Whit- 
 ing from the Beirut to the Abeih station. It is reason enough for this 
 change, that the removal of Mr. Bird would leave the Abeih station 
 with but one missionary, while the labor to be performed in connec- 
 tion with the seminary and station demands two. 
 
 3. The third change we propose is the removal of Mr. Ford from 
 the Aleppo to the Beirut station, there to have the care of the native 
 church, and to attend to the general missionary work of the station, 
 aside from any connection with the press, or the translation of the 
 Scriptures. The removal of Mr. Whiting from the Beirut station 
 leaves a vacancy, which the interests of the cause demand should be 
 immediately filled. In the mean time, the experience of the last seven 
 years, during which Aleppo has been occupied as a station, has con- 
 vinced the mission that the Armenian element is there in a state of 
 much greater readiness to receive the gospel than is the Arab popula- 
 tion ; and in addition to this the assurance of Dr. Anderson, the 
 senior Secretary of the Board, now with us, that the Armenian mis- 
 sion will be able soon to spread itself over the territory which includes 
 Aleppo, seems to make it plainly our duty to transfer Mr. Ford from 
 Aleppo, lest his services be lost to the Arab field. 
 
 4. The fourth change we recommend is the transfer of Mr. Lyons 
 from his temporary connection with the Beirut station to that of 
 Tripoli. 
 
 In addition to the above mentioned changes, the mission also advise 
 Mr. Wilson to remove from Tripoli to his station at Homs next spring, 
 or earlier if practicable. 
 
 The question whether Mr. Eddy be removed from the Aleppo sta- 
 tion to Ivefr Shima, or to some other place in the southern portion of 
 our field, the mission refer to Dr. Anderson, to be settled by himself 
 in connection with those members of the mission who shall be with 
 him in his proposed visit to Northern Syria. 
 
 It is also agreed that Mr. Jessup, who is under appointment to this 
 mission, have permission, on arriving in Syria, to attach himself, for 
 the present, to the station at Tripoli ; but that this relation be regarded 
 as temporary. 
 
 The present opinion of the mission is, that ultimately most, if not 
 all, our stations in Lebanon may be manned with one missionary each ; 
 especially should that missionary be associated with a native preacher, 
 one of which class we would rejoice to place at every station, partic- 
 
17 
 
 ularly at every station where there is a native church. On this last 
 point we would add, that there seems a manifest propriety in native 
 preachers being made the pastors of native churches, each one of 
 whom may, however, for a time, need the advice and general super- 
 vision of a missionary. Nothing but the want of suitable men for 
 native pastors has, in time past, prevented, or can in time to come 
 prevent, this mission from ordaining over every native church its own 
 native pastor. 
 
 In reference to the location of the three missionaries who are under 
 appointment to this mission, we will say that Mr. Jessup, on arriving, 
 can be associated, as a temporary arrangement, with Mr. Lyons at 
 Tripoli ; while the turn others expected can, for a season at least, be 
 located at Homs and Deir el Komr. 
 
 W. M. THOMSON, Chairman. 
 
 IY. 
 
 SUMMER RESIDENCES. . 
 
 We cannot but regard it as a reason for gratitude, that the members 
 of our mission stationed at Beirut, Sidon and Tripoli, can obtain in the 
 mountains cool summer residences, where they escape from the heat of 
 the plain, and pass the most trying portion of the summer in comparative 
 safety. The experience of this mission has shown, that such a change 
 of air is advisable for all the families of missionaries residing on the 
 plain, and that for some of them it is indispensably necessary. Some- 
 thing may be done, in the way of shutting the heated air out of their 
 dwellings, to shorten the absence of the missionary families from their 
 stations ; yet, after all has been done that can be done, it will still be 
 true, that it is advisable for every missionary family connected with 
 these stations to spend a portion of each summer on the mountains. 
 The prevailing, if not the unanimous opinion among us is, that any 
 family which remains during the whole summer at any one of these 
 stations, does so at the risk of shortening the time of its connection 
 with the mission. With these prefatory remarks we proceed to speak 
 to the following points. 
 
 1. The Location of Summer Residences. 
 
 It is hardly necessary to remark, that the home of the missionary, 
 so far as a missionary can be said to have a home, is at the place where 
 he is stationed ; and that in selecting his summer residence, he should 
 3 
 
18 
 
 have special reference to the interests of the missionary cause at that 
 station, and should so locate himself that he may be able to do as much 
 as possible for its welfare during the time when his family are neces- 
 sarily absent. We regard it as highly desirable, that the summer resi- 
 dence of the missionary be within a ride of three hours of his station, 
 that he may visit the city or return from it during the cool of the day. 
 In former years it has not always been easy to obtain suitable summer 
 residences so near the stations ; yet, so far as Beirut is concerned, it 
 is probable that the families belonging to that station could now be 
 accommodated in villages, which would at the same time be sufficiently 
 elevated to afford the desired change of climate, and sufficiently near 
 to the coast to allow the missionary, whenever occasion may require, to 
 descend to the city, and return the same day. And should he wish to 
 spend several days of each week at his station, (a thing which nothing 
 avoidable should prevent,) even in that case a distance of three hours 
 would be greatly preferable to one of five or six hours. And we may 
 add, that, in designating missionaries to stations on the plain, regard 
 should be had to the probability or the improbability of their being 
 able to perform labor at their stations during the summer season. 
 
 2. Amodnt of time to be spent at Summer Residences. 
 
 No rule, which will apply in all cases, can be laid down ; since the 
 circumstances of no two families can ever be in all respects the same; 
 yet we would express the opinion that, in the case of families in 
 ordinary circumstances as to health and powers of endurance, it can 
 seldom be necessary to leave the plain earlier than the first week in 
 July, or return later than the first week in October. But whenever a 
 missionary feels constrained, from whatever cause, to exceed these 
 limits, he should deem it his duty to notify the Secretaries of the fact, 
 and give his reasons for going beyond these bounds. While there may 
 be some who, owing to the state of their own health or that of their 
 families, oucffit to go earlier to the mountains or return later, there 
 are doubtless others who can, with no risk to health and with no loss 
 of strength and vigor, bring the time spent at their summer residences 
 within the limits of two months. 
 
 3. Location of Summer Residences with reference to the greatest 
 good of the mountain population. 
 
 Though the primary object of the members of the stations, under 
 consideration, in resorting to the mountains, is not the propagation of 
 the gospel in the mountains, yet since they must spend a portion of 
 each year in those villages, a regard for the welfare of the people 
 about them will constrain them to disperse themselves as much as 
 
19 
 
 possible, in order that there may be the largest possible number of 
 points from which the light may radiate. In no case is it desirable 
 that more than two missionaries should summer in the same village ; 
 tfnd it is to be hoped that in future, as heretofore, single missionary 
 families may be able to dispense, for the brief season of their summer 
 sojourn, with the acknowledged luxury of American society. We are 
 the more encouraged in this hope by the fact, that at the present time 
 Mr. Whiting and family occupy a village alone, as does also Mr. 
 Lyons, neither of which villages has ever before enjoyed the labors of 
 any of our number. With such precautions as have been mentioned, 
 we see no reason why the time spent in the mountains, by the members 
 of the stations on the coast, should be regarded as lost time. The 
 experience of the Beirut station clearly proves, that it is not lost time, 
 but that by this means the leaven of the gospel has been introduced 
 into parts beyond, and that already are we permitted to see some of 
 the blessed results, which we fondly hope may prove but as the first 
 fruits of an abundant harvest. 
 
 In concluding we remark, that, owing to the great inconvenience of 
 transporting household furniture to and from the mountains, it is highly 
 desirable that summer residences be selected for a term of years, and 
 that they be furnished with such coarse furniture as will answer the 
 purpose. In this way much loss in time and labor may be saved, as 
 well as injury to furniture from two removals each summer be wholly 
 avoided. 
 
 • • ELI SMITH, Chairman. 
 
 V. 
 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 Seminary for Males. 
 
 The object of the Seminary for Males has been so often and so fully 
 explained in our annual reports, that we need not enlarge upon it here. 
 That object is simply the training of an efficient native agency in the 
 departments of teaching and preaching. And although we have not 
 hitherto been able to secure to a large extent this object, at least in 
 the department of preaching, yet we are, we think, making a steady 
 progress in the right direction. Many of our best teachers are'grad- 
 uates of the seminary, and are most usefully employed. Our present 
 number is but fourteen, and most of them are of good promise. Of 
 four or five, we have hope that they have been renewed in the spirit of 
 their mind ; and we may add here, that five or six of our recent grad- 
 
20 
 
 uates are applying for admission to the church, most or all of whom 
 will ere long be admitted, and two of whom at least, we hope, will 
 become preachers of the gospel. 
 
 Our course of study, extending nominally over a period of four 
 years, embraces a pretty wide range of Arabic grammar and liter- 
 ature, geography, history, arithmetic, and considerable portions of the 
 higher mathematics, with their applications to natural philosophy and 
 astronomy. Our chief attention, however, is directed 10 the study of 
 the Bible ; and our aim is to give the pupils a thorough and systematic 
 course of instruction in these sacred oracles. On this point we need 
 not enlarge, as our views and practice are fully explained in the last 
 three annual reports. 
 
 The English language has received comparatively little attention, 
 and our intention is to confine the study of it to such pupils as give 
 decided promise of becoming more useful by such an acquisition. 
 In some instances, we are decidedly of opinion that the individual 
 will be more useful by confining himself to the study of his owm 
 tongue. 
 
 Ultimate success in the attainment of our grand design, must depend 
 on the success vouchsafed by the Head of the Church to the more 
 direct efforts of the mission for the evangelization of the community. 
 For such a success we constantly pray, and shall hail the time when, 
 as a result thereof, our seminary shall become solely and simply a 
 school of the prophets of the Lord. 
 
 Female Seminary. 
 
 The proper person to write a history of the Female Seminary is 
 now in America, and we can only give a very brief outline. In the 
 autumn of 1849, the seminary w'as commenced by the reception of a 
 class of girls into the family of Dr. De Forest as boarding scholars. 
 They were instructed by Mrs. De Forest, assisted by two native girls 
 who had been trained for some years previous in the Doctor’s family. 
 The prescribed course of education extended through four years; 
 and it was a fundamental idea in the plan, that the pupils should 
 return to their homes in vacations, and, at the end of the course, the 
 mission should be relieved from all responsibility in relation to them. 
 The seminary year was divided into two terms, winter and summer. 
 The winter term w’as at Beirut, and continued somew'hat more than 
 five months. The summer term w'as of nearly the same length, and 
 was on Lebanon, in B’hamdun at first, and subsequently at Abeih. 
 Without entering into details in regard to the course of study pur- 
 sued, we are happy to say that the results w'ere very gratifying, and 
 proved, if proof were needed, that there is the same capacity in the 
 female mind of the country, that there is in the male ; and that, under 
 
21 
 
 proper instruction, and by the blessing of God, there will be brought 
 forward a class of intelligent, pious and efficient female helpers in the 
 great work of evangelizing this community. 
 
 ™In the spring of 1850, Miss Whittlesey arrived from the United States 
 to assist Mrs. De Forest in the instruction of the school, and was mak- 
 ing rapid progress in Arabic and in adapting herself to her important 
 work, when she was suddenly called away by death, just one year after 
 her arrival. It then became necessary that Dr. De Forest should 
 devote a considerable portion of his time to the instruction of the 
 pupils, which he continued to do, with great success, until the spring 
 of 1854, when he was compelled, by the failure of his health, to 
 return to the United States for a season. The school was then re- 
 duced in numbers by dismissing the younger pupils, and in this form 
 it was committed to the care of Miss Cheney (who had recently 
 arrived from America) in the family of Mr. Wilson, who was tempo- 
 rarily removed to Beirut for that purpose. At the close of the sum- 
 mer term, however, the providence of God seemed to call Mr. Wilson 
 to another sphere of labor, and the necessity of affording better facil- 
 ities to Miss Cheney for acquiring the Arabic, induced the mission to 
 suspend the seminary. It has remained in suspension up to the pres- 
 ent time; but we trust that it may be speedily re-opened, with every 
 necessary facility for increased usefulness. 
 
 The mission are of opinion that this seminary, when re-opened, 
 should be located on the mountains. It should not be in Abeih, be- 
 cfuse the male seminary is there ; nor at B’hamdun, because too high 
 and too cold. The accommodations necessary will be a suitable 
 dwelling for the mission family which is to reside at the place of loca- 
 tion, and also for the teachers of the seminary and their pupils, with 
 the requisite school and recitation rooms. If native houses can be 
 rented and repaired so as to meet the wants of the institution, this is 
 decidedly recommended. And in any case, the building should cor- 
 respond, in simplicity and cheapness, as nearly as practicable, to the 
 homes of the pupils who are to be educated in the seminary. 
 
 As to the character of the pupils, it is desirable, as far as may be, 
 that they should be the daughters of Protestant parents; and, whether 
 such or not, none should be received but such as give fair promise of 
 becoming valuable helpers in the great work of evangelizing this peo- 
 ple, and the instruction should all be adapted to this end. 
 
 It is the opinion of the mission, that the instruction of the pupils 
 should be committed entirely to females, and that an additional teacher 
 should be sent out from America, as soon as practicable, to be asso- 
 ciated with Miss Cheney. The instruction given should be in the 
 Arabic language, and English should not be taught in the seminary 
 at all. 
 
22 
 
 Common Schools. 
 
 In order to correct a misapprehension in relation to our schools, it 
 is important to state that we live amongst and labor for a mixed pop- 
 ulation, composed of Greeks, Greek-Catholics, Maronites, and DruzdR 1 
 When we speak of schools among the Druzes, we only mean that they 
 are located in that part of Lebanon where this people chiefly reside, 
 and where their feudal Sheikhs are the governors of the districts. The 
 schools themselves, with only two or three recent exceptions, are com- 
 posed of pupils from those various sects who reside together in the 
 same villages. With these rare exceptions, they are all Christian 
 schools, in which only a portion of the scholars are Druzes. The 
 teachers are in every case (except one) Christians, generally trained 
 up by ourselves ; are always Protestants ; and the books are the Bible 
 and our own religious school books. Careful religious instruction 
 forms an essential part of the teaching in every case, and the mission- 
 ary, within whose district they are located, is expected to keep a strict 
 supervision over them by frequent visits and examinations. Nor is 
 there any departure from these principles in the two or three cases in 
 which schools for special reasons have been opened in villages wholly 
 Druze. 
 
 Schools thus located and conducted, we regard as a very necessary 
 part of our missionary work. They secure the confidence and favor 
 of the Druze Sheikhs, and their protection for ourselves and our con- 
 verts against papal opposition and intrigue. They secure the educa- 
 tion of all Protestant children in the country, and the same for that 
 far larger class of semi-protestants who are to be found all over the 
 land. They greatly multiply intelligent readers of the word of God, 
 and other good books. They give the missionary the right to be in 
 all those villages, and to visit the people in their houses without ques- 
 tion ; and they tend every where to open new fields for preaching, and 
 to gather permanent congregations to hear the gospel. Thus, in fact, 
 the Protestant communities at Kefr Shima, Ain Zehalta, Suk el 
 Ghurb, Aranmn, and other places, have been formed. 
 
 During the past year, the mission sustained twenty-four schools at 
 the different stations. Seven were in connection with the Sidon and 
 Hasbeiya stations, five were connected with Abeih, eight with B’ham- 
 dun, three with Beirut, and one with Aleppo. Five of these schools 
 were exclusively for girls ; the rest for boys, with a few girls in most 
 of them. The age at which the pupils cease to attend school is sub- 
 ject to no general rule. There are but few scholars in our common 
 schools over twelve years of age. 
 
 The opinion is entertained amongst us, that in certain portions of 
 our field the number of schools might be diminished without material 
 injury to the cause of Christ. But while this is true in some of the 
 
23 
 
 older stations, the exigencies of the work in new fields may require 
 enlargement "in this department of labor. 
 
 As our schools are not established particularly for the Druzes, there 
 seems to be no special reason to inquire, in this connection, whether 
 or not the penalty of death for apostasy from their religion exists 
 among that people. We need these schools all the same, whether this 
 is or is not true. It is our conviction, however, that there is no such 
 law, certainly not in regard to the uninitiated who compose the larger 
 part of the nation. No doubt converts to Christianity from amongst 
 them would be exposed to severe persecution in many cases. But the 
 same is true among the Maronites, and, indeed, amongst the Christian 
 sects generally. But this fact has no more special bearing upon our 
 schools than upon other departments of our work. On the contrary, 
 it affects more closely the direct work of preaching the gospel. But 
 the fact that converts will suffer persecution should certainly not deter 
 us for a moment from preaching the gospel, with all the power we can 
 command, to both Druzes and nominal Christians. 
 
 S. H. CALHOUN, Chairman. 
 
 VI. 
 
 ENGLISH PREACHING. 
 
 The only congregation connected with our mission, in which there 
 is regular preaching in English, is at Beirut. The English service 
 there was begun at the commencement of the mission, and has been 
 continued to the present time, with only such interruptions as have 
 been occasioned by the absence of the missionaries. In connection 
 with these labors, and doubtless in consequence of them, we have had 
 the happiness of seeing our English community, which has been at 
 times much larger than now, pretty uniformly a moral, exemplary and 
 church-going people, commending to the natives our religion by their 
 example, and our labors by their influence. And also by attending 
 ourselves in this way to their spiritual wants, we have the advantage 
 of remaining free from the distracting and rival sectarian influences, 
 which might arise from the opening of an English service, independent 
 of ourselves. Had this service never existed, we should in all proba- 
 bility have been surrounded by a Protestant colony of our own lan- 
 guage, whose example and direct influence would go far towards 
 neutralizing the effect of our labors among the natives ; a state of 
 things actually existing in other places. 
 
24 
 
 The amount of labor this service requires, is one sermon a Sabbath 
 (generally extempore) for about eight months in the* year. The 
 amount of Arabic labor performed on the Sabbath, is the same as if it 
 did not exist, and at hours which have been thought as favorable far 
 the assembling of the natives. It has appeared, from experiment one 
 season, that as many probably assemble, at the earlier hour now occu- 
 pied by their morning service, as would come together at the time of 
 the English. Whether more would meet at a place where no English 
 service was held, is a matter of conjecture ; but it is worthy of consid- 
 eration. We are not prepared now to recommend a change in this 
 respect. 
 
 Nor do we, at present, see our way clear to recommend an entire 
 suspension of the English service ; though it doubtless draws some- 
 what upon the strength of the station. It should, unquestionably, be 
 kept subordinate to the labors performed in Arabic, and not be allowed 
 to stand in the way of their efficiency. And we recommend to the 
 brethren of the Beirut station, to consider whether any change in the 
 time or manner of conducting the service may be made, in order to 
 secure effectually this important point. 
 
 ELI SMITH, Chairman. 
 
 VII. 
 
 PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT. 
 
 1. Its Extent and Pecuniary Value. 
 
 The number of workmen connected with the press, all of whom are 
 natives, is seven ; five are compositors, one a caster, and one a boy. 
 
 In the printing department there are two hand presses, one standing 
 press, and one steam press of one-horse power, capable of throwing off 
 eight hundred impressions per hour. 
 
 There are in the establishment three founts of Arabic type, beside 
 an incomplete fount of capitals. Of these three founts, the first is 
 capable of setting up about eighty-four pages of 12mo., the second 
 seventy-two, and the third forty-eight pages. For the third fount, a 
 few vowels yet remain to be cast. There are also three small founts 
 of English type, used only for job work. 
 
 In the foundery there is one casting pump, three sets of moulds 
 each consisting of four, one for capitals, three complete sets of mat- 
 rices, and one incomplete set. 
 
25 
 
 The bindery is complete, and sufficient for the demands of the 
 office. 
 
 The pecuniary value of the whole establishment, as nearly as can 
 be estimated, is $6,348. 
 
 2. History. 
 
 The operations of the press were begun in 1835, with an incomplete 
 fount of badly shaped Arabic type, under the direction of Mr. George 
 P. Badger as printer. Between the years 1837 and 1839, a new set of 
 punches and matrices was made at Smyrna, after improved models, by 
 Mr. Hallock, under the direction of Mr. Smith, and types cast from 
 them in Germany. In 1841 Mr. Hurter arrived, bringing with him 
 from Smyrna the new type, as well as a foundery. Since then, two new 
 sets of punches and matrices have been made by Mr. Hallock, after 
 the same models, in the United States, and two founts cast from them, 
 one in the United States and the other here ; and an incomplete set of 
 punches and matrices for capitals made there and cast here. 
 
 3. Whole amount expended on the new Arabic type. 
 
 The amount thus expended is $3,905, of which the American Bible 
 Society contributed, indirectly, $1,000 for the third fount, being money 
 paid for services of the translator. This sum of $3,905 does not include 
 the cost of labor performed by persons in the employ of the Board. 
 
 4. How extensive the establishment needs to be. 
 
 In answer to this question, we will say that the mission have no idea 
 of enlarging the press, after the additions already begun have been 
 completed. The principal of these are a fount of small type now in 
 process of completion in the United States, and a fount of capitals. 
 There is a probability that the number of workmen will be diminished, 
 rather than increased. The press we regard as an auxiliary, and a 
 very valuable and indispensable one, in our missionary operations. 
 Since its commencement, there have been thrown off books and tracts 
 amounting to 1,595,000 pages, all in Arabic. Their typographical 
 execution is good, and the form of our new types is generally consid- 
 ered as unsurpassed by any that are used for printing Arabic ; while 
 the style of composition, owing in a good degree to the ability and 
 taste of the Arab corrector, is setting the standard of modern Arabic 
 writing, and creating a taste for reading where our books are circu- 
 lated. The issues from our press are called for and highly prized in 
 India, Egypt, and Constantinople ; and we confidently expect that, as 
 missions multiply among the millions speaking the Arabic language, 
 the demand for them, as well as their usefulness, will more and more 
 increase. No exceptions have ever been taken to the Arabic of our 
 4 
 
26 
 
 books, however unpopular the subject-matter of them must necessarily 
 be among a people either anti-Christian, or Christian only in name. 
 We deem it of the highest importance that, for the present, our press 
 be left on its existing foundation, in order that the new Bible may be 
 carried through, as it has been most auspiciously begun ; that school- 
 books be provided, and that, from time to time, we may publish such 
 works in Arabic as shall seem to us most likely to prove useful to our 
 cause. Whatever may be said of other mission presses, we must insist 
 that the press of the Syrian mission is in no great danger of attaining 
 a magnitude out of proportion, as compared with its relative mission- 
 ary value. Books we must have, good books ; and there is no other 
 way of obtaining them but to make them for ourselves. The most of 
 our number have little inclination to provide “ copy ” for the press. 
 On the contrary, during the last few years, the difficulty has been to 
 induce members of the mission to provide treatises, when their great 
 need was felt and acknowledged by all our number. At this time we 
 are in great need of some elementary works for our schools and sem- 
 inary ; yet the probability is that years will elapse before any one of 
 our number will find time to supply the demand. If there be dan- 
 ger in any direction as to the demands of the press, it is in reference 
 to our translator. It is more than possible that the translation may be 
 delayed by the relation he sustains to the press as editor. This is a 
 matter of sufficient importance to call for the attention of both the 
 Prudential Committee and our mission. The printing in English is 
 all job work, and, so far as we can see, not likely to become so consid- 
 erable in amount as to affect the usefulness of our press one way 
 or the other. We have already printed several works in Arabic, by 
 ..native authors, at their expense ; and it is probable that the demand 
 for Arabic books, which has been created by our press, will ere long 
 originate other presses, at which, before many years shall pass, our 
 printing can be done, on the whole, at better advantage than at our 
 own. When that time shall come, it will be soon enough to shape our 
 missionary policy with reference to it. That our press has not been 
 left by the mission to itself, or to those in more immediate connection 
 with it, we may offer as proof the following “Regulations” of our 
 mission ; premising, at the same time, that they have not proved a 
 dead letter, but a living law, controlling, or rather regulating, the 
 action of the mission. 
 
 “ 1. The press shall be under the supervision of the two committees 
 directed by the Prudential Committee to be appointed, in the commu- 
 nication of Dr. Anderson, February 23, 1835. 
 
 “ 2. These committees shall report their operations semi-annually to 
 the Beirut station, and also to the mission at each regular general 
 meeting. 
 
27 
 
 “ 3. No work shall be put to press, at the expense of the mission, 
 without the approbation of the station at which it was prepared, and 
 until it be approved by a majority of the members of the mission. 
 
 “ 4. The editing committee shall not put to press any work which 
 they suppose will be regarded by any of the members ot the mission 
 as objectionable on the ground of doctrine, or of expediency, or which 
 is so regarded by themselves ; but shall refer the question ot its publi- 
 cation to the mission.” 
 
 ELT SMITH, Chairman. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 NEW BOOKS NEEDED. 
 
 1. Elementary Reading Book. 1 
 
 2. Simple Geography. \ For Common Schools. 
 
 3. Simple Arithmetic. ) 
 
 4. A work on Mental Philosophy. ") 
 
 5. A work on Moral Philosophy. 1 
 
 6. A work on Chemistry (not to be printed). )■ For the Seminary. 
 
 7. A work on Natural Theology. 
 
 8. Text-book on Theology. j 
 
 9. History of the Church. 
 
 10. On the Offices and Work of Christ. 
 
 11. Brief Commentary on the Sacred Scriptures. 
 
 12. Book of Sermons (begun). 
 
 13. D’Aubigne’s Reformation (translated). 
 
 14. On the Sabbath (written, but needs editing). 
 
 15. Exposition of the Ten Commandments. 
 
 16. Manual of Christian Duty. 
 
 Flow are these attainable 1 The mission has had the custom of 
 appointing particular brethren to write such books as it judged to be 
 needed. In this way, a few have been prepared, the editing of which 
 has generally devolved upon the editing committee. But most of the 
 books thus assigned have never been composed. That still less of this 
 kind of labor will be done now is probable, as our field is opening so 
 fully, and each brother is likely to have his hands occupied with ordi- 
 nary missionary labor. Dr. Van Dyck, when at the head of the Semi- 
 nary, furnished us with several books, and Mr. Calhoun also formerly 
 aided in this department. But since his health was enfeebled, the 
 mission has earnestly enjoined upon him to cease from the preparation 
 of books. It is understood, however, that he has a text-book on 
 theology, far advanced. 
 
28 
 
 Arabic School-books now in existence. In addition to the Scriptures, 
 we have, for common schools, only a scripture reading-book, com- 
 mencing with a few lessons in spelling. The arithmetic and geog- 
 raphy, composed for the Seminary, are too large, and are used by 
 very few. 
 
 The disposition to read among the church members leads most of 
 them to regard with interest every- new book that is published. But 
 their standard reading-book is the Bible. 
 
 ELI SMITH, Chairman. 
 
 IX. 
 
 NATIVE ASSISTANTS. 
 
 Tiie importance of a well trained native agency, your committee 
 suppose to be fully understood and appreciated by the mission. Not 
 only is the actual amount of labor performed greatly increased by this 
 agency, but the native assistant can often go where the missionary is 
 denied access, and can do many things which the missionary finds 
 beyond his power. 
 
 The past history of this mission will show, that while we have felt 
 the worth of efficient laborers of this class, we have sooner or later, 
 rejected those who proved to be incompetent, or otherwise disqualified 
 for the work. 
 
 The number of native helpers at present in connection with the 
 mission, including the native pastor of the Hasbeiya church, is eight. 
 Of these, four are connected with the Hasbeiya station, two with Abeih, 
 one with Beirut, and one with Aleppo. 
 
 In the early history of the mission, our native assistants were neces- 
 sarily our first converts. But two of these remain connected with us 
 in this capacity, at the present time, and these two are deacons of the 
 Beirut church. One of them is connected with the Beirut station ; 
 the other resides at Sidon, in connection with the Hasbeiya station. 
 Though possessed of only a common native education at the com- 
 mencement, they have yet, by their connection with the mission, greatly 
 improved and added to their stock of knowledge, thus keeping some- 
 what in advance of the masses, and making themselves directly useful 
 as preachers, and indirectly so by their constant intercourse with the 
 community at large. 
 
 Of the native pastor of the Hasbeiya church, it is necessary to say 
 but little. He was educated in the first Seminary, in English and 
 
29 
 
 Arabic. Upon the suspension of that institution, he commenced the 
 study of medicine and Latin under the care of Dr. Van Dyck, 
 and completed his medical course under the care of Dr. DeForest. 
 After practicing his profession for a time in Tripoli, he commenced 
 his theological studies, Greek and Hebrew included, at Beirut, under 
 the care of Messrs. Smith, Whiting and Thomson. These studies he 
 prosecuted for a time, in connection with the Aleppo station, under the 
 direction of Messrs. Ford and Benton; and afterwards at Abeih, under 
 the direction of Messrs. Whiting and Calhoun. Upon the establish- 
 ment of the Hasbeiya station in 1851, he took up his residence at 
 Hasbeiya as preacher, and was ordained at Beirut in the spring of 
 1853. The honorary degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred 
 upon him by Yale College, in view of an article emanating from his 
 pen on the fevers of Syria, which was afterwards published in the 
 American Journal of Medical Science. 
 
 The work in Hasbeiya and its vicinity has brought forward two 
 other native helpers, one of whom, after a year spent in the seminary 
 at Abeih and three terms of theological instruction by Messrs. Cal- 
 houn and Wilson, has just been licensed as a preacher of the gospel. 
 The other spent the summer of 1854 under the care of Mr. Calhoun 
 as a theological student. Since then he has been employed as a 
 preacher in the villages of Merg Ayun and at Alma. After some 
 farther instruction in theology, it is expected that he too will become 
 a preacher and pastor. 
 
 The two native helpers in Abeih are both teachers in the male sem- 
 inary. One of them is a pupil of the former seminary at Beirut. He 
 has a good English, and a first rate Arabic education. In addition to 
 his labors in the seminary, he has, for some time past, preached on the 
 Sabbath at some one of the preaching places connected with the sta- 
 tion. The second is a graduate of the institution in wliich he now 
 labors, and gives great promise of usefulness. 
 
 The native helper at Aleppo has a good common Arabic education, 
 and is employed in the care of the book magazine, where he is entirely 
 and constantly under the supervision of the station. 
 
 The whole time of all our native helpers is at the disposal of the 
 mission; and they are either occupied with a definite work, or are 
 under the direction of some member of the station with which they 
 are connected. 
 
 In regard to the prospect for a supply of native assistants, your 
 committee would call attention to the fact, that those now employed 
 have been brought forward by the development of the work in which 
 we are engaged. Providence points them out and calls them by the 
 circumstances of the case, by their natural qualifications and spiritual 
 endowments, and by the nature of the work to be done On this 
 
30 
 
 principle, we have reason to expect that the supply will be equal to the 
 demand, unless we negligently let go out of our hands those who, by 
 proper care and training, would become useful laborers. 
 
 The salaries of our native helpers are regulated partly upon the 
 principle of real worth, and partly by the necessities of the individual 
 case, modified by the place of residence. The present maximum is 
 seven hundred, and the minimum one hundred and fifty piastres per 
 month. The maximum is considerably below what the individual 
 receiving it could get elsewhere, or could gain by other employment 
 not in connection with the missionary work. 
 
 The following table shows the number, station, employment and 
 wages of the native assistants at present in connection with the 
 mission. 
 
 Stations. No. 
 
 Aleppo, 1 
 
 Beirut, 1 
 
 Abeih, 2 
 
 Ilasbeiya, 7 ^ 
 
 Sidon, J 
 
 Employment. 
 
 Wages per month. 
 
 Care of book magazine, 
 
 Care of book magazine and forwarding agent, 
 Teachers in seminary, . 
 
 1 Pastor, . 
 
 3 Itinerant preaching, . 
 
 250 piastres. 
 450 “ 
 
 700 “ 
 
 250 “ 
 
 600 “ 
 550 “ 
 
 200 “ 
 
 150 “ 
 
 C. V. A. VAN DYCK, Chairman. 
 
 X. 
 
 BUILDINGS AND PROPERTY. 
 
 It is a settled principle in the operations of the Syrian mission, that 
 no building or other property should be purchased with the funds of 
 the Board, except in cases of absolute necessity. The property now 
 owned by the Board in Beirut and Abeih, was purchased at a time 
 when it was clear that suitable accommodations could not be other- 
 wise provided. Aside from these buildings, the Board owns no real 
 estate whatever in Syria, unless we except the small lot of land in 
 B’hamdun, purchased for the site of a female seminary at a cost of 
 about $100, which we recommend should be sold as soon as possible. 
 
 The value of the property now owned by the Board is as follows: 
 
 Value of land and buildings at Beirut, .... $6,000 
 
 Do. do. do. at Abeih, . 5,000 
 
 Do. of printing establishment, exclusive of buildings, . . 6,348 
 
 Do. of mission library, ...... 2,300 
 
 Do. of apparatus, ....... 420 
 
 Right of water, library cases, traveling furniture, &e. . . 180 
 
 Total, 
 
 $20,248 
 
31 
 
 The Board has no property in churches, out of Beirut. Itjjfras 
 been customary to hire suitable places for worship at the various sta- 
 tions, and this practice should be continued so far as it is necessary 
 and practicable. It is to be hoped that, as the native congregations 
 increase, they themselves will take the lead in building churches, 
 though they may often require aid from abroad. 
 
 In regard to the question how far native houses can be made suit- 
 able residences for missionaries, we are prepared to say that such 
 houses can now be found in many of the villages of Lebanon. In 
 every case, however, a moderate outlay would be required to render 
 these houses comfortable; and as, in some cases, the missionary may 
 be obliged to apply for aid from the funds of the Board, we suggest 
 the appointment of a committee, whose office it shall be to estimate 
 carefully, and report to the Prudential Committee, the amount of aid 
 required in each particular case. 
 
 The furniture for churches should be adapted to the habits and 
 tastes of the congregations worshiping in them ; regard being had, in 
 all cases, to economy and simplicity. 
 
 S. H. CALHOUN, Chairman. 
 
 XI. 
 
 ESTIMATES, APPROPRIATIONS, AND EXPENDITURES. 
 
 Appropriations being asked by the mission and granted by the 
 Prudential Committee for specified objects , we are of opinion that the 
 expenditure should be restricted to the objects so specified, and that 
 all unexpended balances should be carried forward to the credit of the 
 Board ; and further, that all moneys received from sources other than 
 the treasury of the Board, should be credited accordingly by the treas- 
 urer of the mission. 
 
 S. H. CALHOUN, Chairman. 
 
 XII. 
 
 STATION DISTRICTS. 
 
 The committee to whom was referred the “ Out tine of Station 
 Districts ,” report, that after having carefully looked over the whole 
 
32 
 
 territory occupied by this mission, they have divided the field into nine 
 distinct station districts, with the following limits and boundaries: 
 
 1. Hasbcii/a District. 
 
 Bounded on the north, by the south end of the Buka’ ; on the east, 
 by the ridge of Mount Hermon ; on the south, by a line from thence 
 running due west to the Jisr Benat Ya’kob ; on the south-west, by a 
 line running from the Jisr Benat Ya’kob to the river Litany (Leontes) 
 at Deir Mimas ; on the west, by the Litany from Deir Mimas to the 
 Buka. 
 
 2. Sidon District. 
 
 Bounded on the north, by a line running from Neby Yunas south- 
 easterly to Kefr Huna, excluding Jezzin, and thence to the Litany at 
 Miishjjhara ; on the east, by the Hasbeiya District ; on the south, by a 
 line from Jisr Benat Ya’kob to the plain of Acre. On the west, by 
 the sea (from and including the plain of Acre to Neby Yunas). 
 
 3. Dicr El Komr District. 
 
 Bounded north by the river Damur, and a line from thence to and 
 including Ain Zehalteh, and thence eastward to the Buka’ ; east, by 
 the Buka’ ; south, by Sidon District ; west, by the sea. 
 
 4. Abeih District. 
 
 Bounded north by a line running eastward from Khuldeh, passing 
 south of Bshamun and Ain Anub, and running north of Suk El 
 Ghurb to the wady Ghabun ; east, by the wady Ghabun to the Jisr El 
 Kady ; south-east and south, by the Damur, from the Jisr El Kady to 
 the sea ; and west, by the sea. 
 
 5. Kefr SMma District. 
 
 Bounded north by a line running east from El Wuza’y to the Da- 
 mascus road, and thence east to Khan El Kehhaleh; east, by a line 
 from Khan El Kehhaleh to the north boundary of the Abeih District ; 
 south, by the Abeih District ; west, by the sea. 
 
 6. B’hamdun District. 
 
 Bounded north by the north branch of Nahr Beirut, from the con- 
 vent of Mar Musa to the source of the river, and thence by a line 
 running east to the Buka’ ; east, by the Buka’, including Zahleh ; 
 south, by Deir El Komr District ; west, by Abeih and Kefr Shima Dis- 
 tricts, and the north branch of Nahr Beirut to the convent of Mar 
 Musa. 
 
33 
 
 7. Beirut District. 
 
 Bounded north by a line from and including Jubeil, running east, 
 to the Buka’ ; east, by the Buka’ ; south, by B’hamdun and Kefr Shima 
 Districts ; west, by the sea. 
 
 8. Tripoli District. 
 
 Bounded north by En Nahr El Kehir from its mouth to and includ- 
 ing Kala’t El Ilusn ; east, by a line running along the ridge of the 
 mountains from Kala’t El Husn to the northern boundary of the Beirut 
 District ; south, by Beirut District : west, by the sea. 
 
 9. Hums District. 
 
 This District includes the cities of Hums, Hamah, Sudud, and their 
 dependencies. 
 
 WM, M. THOMSON, Chairman. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 LETTER FROM DR. SMITH ON THE PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT. 
 
 Beirut, October 16, 1855. 
 
 My Dear Sir, — Having recovered from the cold, and consequent 
 mental depression, under which I was most unfortunately laboring, 
 during most of your visit, I am inclined to write you a few words 
 respecting my department of labor. 
 
 1. The Press . — Two committees are connected with our printing 
 establishment, called office and editing committees. Of the office 
 committee the printer is of course a member. He is, in fact, the per- 
 son who does the business. My position, as the other member, which 
 I have usually been, is that of counsellor. It is my duty to be 
 informed, and give an opinion, respecting all important business oper- 
 ations, so as effectively to share the responsibility. But I never inter- 
 fere with the printer’s relations to the men in the office, or with 
 contracting parties out of it, in such a way as to diminish his 
 authority and influence. All this, after so many years of experience, 
 though doubtless of considerable importance, consumes but little of 
 my time. 
 
 Of the editing committee, I have uniformly been the active mem- 
 ber to do the work. The other members have ordinarily done little 
 more than give advice. I am assisted by two natives. One is Nasif 
 5 
 
34 
 
 el-Yarijy, who also aids in the translation of the Scriptures, and knows 
 only Arabic. He is the corrector, not to read proofs, for he never did 
 that well ; but to look after the Arabic of our books. In fact, he 
 rewrites nearly all of them, by whomsoever they may be translated or 
 composed.' My other assistant is Milhem Shimeil, who aids in proof- 
 reading, and is gradually learning to correct, like Nasif. He is em- 
 ployed only half of each day. Butrus Bistany formerly aided in proof- 
 reading, but does not now, except in the Bible. 
 
 The work to be done, in this department, is composing books, trans- 
 lating, revising translations and compositions to make them express 
 clearly and in good Arabic the sense intended, and proof-reading. 
 The composing of books I have never considered as devolving upon 
 myself more than upon my brethren And to have this fully under- 
 stood, after I got engaged in the translation I brought the subject up, 
 and formally threw the responsibility upon them. My proposition, 
 indeed, extended further, and included the preparing of translations^ 
 leaving to the editing committee only the editing. The brethren 
 entered into the proposition with spirit, and distributed the labor 
 among them. Yet very little has been done. 
 
 The translating also I have never done. Printed English books 
 we have hired translated by B. Bistany, J. Wortabet, and others ; and 
 books written by the brethren, they have either composed in Arabic, 
 or translated themselves with the aid of natives, or sent to us to be 
 translated like printed books. 
 
 The revising, before and after Nasif’s labor, I have usually done 
 myself. It has taken a good deal of time, and upon it very much of 
 the intelligibility and effectiveness of our books depend. We have 
 never yet found translators who could, or would, take time enough to 
 bring out in Arabic, clearly, the full meaning of the English. If put 
 into Nasif’s hands, as they leave it, a translation would come out, in 
 very many passages, wide of the original meaning, and the force of 
 the sentiment be lost. Even he needs constantly looking after, or he 
 does his work carelessly ; and the more so, the older he grows. This 
 part of tny work I think some of my brethren do not, perhaps, fully 
 appreciate. They would confide too much in Nasif, and expect 
 more from him than they will realize. 
 
 The proof-reading I formerly did entirely myself. But after begin- 
 ning the translation, I got the approbation of my brethren to the em- 
 ployment of a proof-reader. I have been thus very much relieved. 
 Yet, to this day, we have found no proof-reader who can be trusted to 
 carry a work through the press. Every proof needs to be read, at 
 least once, by an editor. 
 
 Several things result from the preceding statement. 1. That the 
 editing department has consumed very little of the time of any mem- 
 
35 
 
 ber of the mission, except the active members of the editing commit- 
 tee. 2. That no provision is now made for a very important branch 
 of the editorial department. 3. That the only substitute practicable, 
 until Providence make fuller provision, is giving the editing commit- 
 tee some authority to correct proofs in reference to style and meaning. 
 
 I hope, also, the impression will be made upon you, by what I have 
 written, and by the discussions at Abeih, that our press has not been 
 obtruded out of its place as an humble aid to the mission, in its higher 
 labors. The views of the Committee on this subject, I have long 
 understood and approved, and I have endeavored faithfully to con- 
 form to them. 
 
 2. The Translation of the Scriptures . — On this subject I need add 
 but little to what is contained in my report to the mission at its annual 
 meeting last year, a copy of which report was sent to you at Boston. 
 Though aided by two valuable native assistants, the responsibility of 
 the work rests entirely upon myself, until it appears in proof. Then, 
 proofs are sent to each missionary station in Syria, whether connected 
 with our Board or not. They are read and returned by Bishop Go- 
 bat, of Jerusalem, and by Mr. Robson and Mr. Lansing, of Damas- 
 cus, and also by Mr. Porter when he is there. Most of my own brethren 
 favor me with their suggestions. I send proofs, also, to three or four 
 intelligent, but unlearned 'natives, in order to obtain their criticisms 
 on the intelligibility of the language, and acceptableness of the style, 
 to common readers. These proofs, some twenty in number, bring 
 back a good many suggestions. Hitherto the responsibility of admit- 
 ting or rejecting them, after consulting my helps and helpers, has 
 rested entirely upon myself. Now that I am to have Mr. Ford for 
 my colleague at this station, 1 would like to have occasional aid 
 from him in this part of my labors; and, unless otherwise directed, I 
 propose to consult him respecting the most important of the sugges- 
 tions that come back to me. But little of his time will thus be con- 
 sumed, while the relief from responsibility, as well as the aid rendered, 
 may, in some cases, be very considerable. 
 
 3. Preac hing .— Until I began the translation, and in fact until 
 some time after that, I never regarded my connection with the press as 
 furnishing any excuse from preaching. Indeed, I regarded preaching 
 as my most important duty. I believe I was not behind any of my 
 brethren in the amount I performed of this kind of labor. What the 
 press did hinder me from doing, was pastoral duty and mingling 
 with the people by returning their visits. Before the organization of 
 the church, I was asked by my brethren, in deciding our labors, to 
 allow the congregation to look to me as their pastor. When Mr. 
 Thomson visited the United States, both he and Dr. Van Dyck urged 
 me to take the pastoral care of the church ; and last year the same 
 
36 
 
 request was made by Mr. Whiting, on going to Switzerland. But in 
 each case, I felt obliged to decline. Of visits among the people, I 
 have come to make very few, and consequently am cut off from this 
 mode of usefulness. In regard to preaching even, I informed my 
 brethren, last spring, that I could be responsible for only one sermon 
 on the Sabbath. More than this I could not do, even if the chapel 
 were shut up. I felt that it would be a material relief to be entirely 
 freed from the responsibility of preaching. But this I never ventured 
 to ask, until your recent visit. I shall, perhaps, still preach as much 
 as before, for it is a work I love. But I feel much lighter, now that 
 it has become a matter of choice and not of obligation. 
 
 Ever very truly yours, 
 
 ELI SMITH. 
 
 Rev, R. Anderson, D. D., Secretary, etc. 
 

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