c s & <334 $ cs &I33& / 60, Mr. Knox , and the reft of the Minifters, together with the Lords of the Congregation, ( fo Were the Reformers call’d) founded the Govern- ment of the Church in a moderate imparity, for How foon they appointed Minifters to particular Stations, withal they conftituted Superintendents to Govern in their refpe&ive Provinces, to whom the Power Was given to ordain Minifters, to pre- lid e in Synods, and to direct Church Cenfures. After this Model Was the Church govern’d in the Infancy of it, with a well balanc’d Harmony among Church Men, and a general Liking.from the People, notwichftanding of very great Trou¬ bles which at that time fell out in the State. Afterwards, in the Year 1571, a General Aflem- bly being in time of Parliament conven’d at Ster ¬ ling, Pome of the Meeting propounded, that things Could not always continue in that ftate. For the B Super- Superintendents being Old, and divers of thetsf 1 Serving upon their own Charges, it was not to' be expected that others, when they were gone,- would undergo that Burden, and therefore wifh’d that the Lord Regent and the Eltates of Parlia¬ ment Ihould be dealt with, for eltablifhing a conftant Form of Church Government-, for which Effeft Commiflion was given to the Superinten¬ dents of Angus , fife, and Lothian , and with them to Mr. David Lindfcy , Mr. Andrew llay , Mr. John Raw , Mr. George Hay , to Sollicit the Par¬ liament-, but the Slaughter of the Regent by the Lord Huntley , Claud Hamlet on , and their Adhe¬ rents, which fell out upon the Third of Septem¬ ber , did put a Demur to the Bufinefs until Janu¬ ary next, at which time the General Aflembly be¬ ing met at Leith , thofe Commiffioners prefs’d the Earl of Marr, then Lord Regent, and his Coun¬ cil, for fettling a conftant Policy in the Church, whereupon it was agreed, that fix of the Council, and as many of the Aflembly, fhould be fet apart, to Treat, Reafon, and Conclude upon the Bufi¬ nefs ^ for the Council were Nominated James Earl of Morton Chancellor, William Lord Ruth- ven Treafurer, Robert Abbot of Dumjcrmling Secretary, Mr. James Mac. Gill Clerk RegiIter, Sir John Baliandine Juftice Clerk, and Collin Campbell of Glenvricdrt ^ and for the Church, the Superintendents of Angus , and Fife , and with them Mr. David Lindjey , Mr. Andrew Hay , Mr. Robert Pont , and Mr. Thomas Craigge. Thofe twelve, after divers Meetings and Confultations, agreed upon certain Conclufions, whereof the principal were, That the Church Ihould be Go¬ vern’d by Archbifhops and Bifhops, and the Ele¬ ction fhould be made by the Deans and Chapters. Thefe (?) Thefe Concluficns being reported to the Gene* ral AfTembly, met at Perth in Augufl 1572, home of the Miniitry vi/ere difpleafed, and made a kind of Proteftation againft the fame. Yet notwithftanding thereof the Courfe went on, and fo Mr. John Douglas was provided to the Archbifhoprick of St. Andrews^ Mr. James Boyd to the Archbifhoprick of Glafgoe, Mr. John Pot on to the Bifhoprick of Bun held , and Mr. Andrew Graham to the Bilho prick of Dumb lain. Thefe Doings were grievous to divers of the Miniitry, who contended ror a parity in Chtrch Government, whereunto e’re long they were much more encouraged, 'by the return ot Mr. Andrew Melvill from Geneva , who coming Home in the Year 1577, gave them fuch a Character of the Presbyterian Difcipline exercifed there, as not on¬ ly confirmed them who already favour’d it, but alfo gain’d fo far upon others, that fnortly there¬ after the moft part of Minifters turn’d Presbyte¬ rians , and in an AiTembly at Dundee 1 >8c, con¬ demn’d Epifcopacy as unlawful, and contrary to the Word of God. Whereupon, (King James having before that time aflum’d in his own Perfon the Government of the Kingdom) Debates arofe for many Years betwixt His Majefty and the Minifters upon that Account, the King itill prefiing Epifcopai Govern¬ ment, and they on the other part contending for the Presbyterian W2y. So that at length the Centfoverfie rofe to that height, that fome of the Minifters chofe rather to hazard a War, than to fuffer the Difcipline to be born down. Whereupon in the Year 1784, rhe Parliament then fitting at Edinburgh , having made, and publifh’d at the Market Crofs, an Aft B 2 which ( 4 ) which incroached upon it-, Mr. Walter Ballingatt and Mr. James Lowfon , Mini tiers of Edinburgh , and Mr. Robert Pont , Minifter of St. Andrews , (who was alfo a Senator) after fome Proteftations emitted by them , went to Berwick , and . from thence to Xewcajlle, and there join’d the Banifil’d Lords, making one Common Caufe of it, where' of the Sequel was, that the Year following die Banifh’d Lords, and thofe Minillers with them, (except Mr. Low/on , who died in England) en¬ ter’d into the Kingdom, and with an Army, which they made up in the South parts thereof, and ad¬ vanced Itraignt towards Sterling , where the King was for the time, attended by an Army, which upon the noife of their approach, he had call’d together, under the Command of Sir James Hal - lyburton , Tutor of Pit cure, a Famous Warriour and what Blood and Mifchief might this Attempt have caufed, if the King in his great Wifdom had not prevented the fame, by affording them a Trea¬ ty,which upon the Fifthof November i58?,refol- ved in Peace, and made a way for Presbyterian Government in the Church, which at laft was efta- blifh’d by Law in the Year 1592. And if the Minillers had thereafter kept with¬ in Bounds, it may be that Wife King would have ' debated no more with them upon that Account ^ but their Aftings made his Majefty ,foon repent of his Condefcention, and admit thoughts of re- ftoring Epifcopacy again,which they.on the other part perceiving. If rove to {Lengthen their own lntereft, and to fruftrate his Defigu, whereby new .Debates arifing, grew to that height, that in the Year 1596, dome Noble Men, Barons, and Mini- ffers, being alfembled in Edinburg , and conceiving that the Proeefs laid againft Mr. David Black , wrong’d ■■: CO wrong’d the Privileges of their Dittipline, and withal being difpleas’d with the Clemency Ihew’d to the Popilh Lords, they, for thofe Reafons, and other’Emergents, yvent to work again, and that fo avowedly, that they pitch’d upon my Lord Hamlet on to be their Head, and font him a Letter fubfcrib’d by Mr. Robert Bruce , and Mr. Walter Balcanquall , to come with diligence and accept the Charge. Rut the fad effeQs which this Enterprise might have produced, were prevented by the Fury of the Multitude that attended upon their Meeting, who, heated by fome unhappy Expreffions utter’d by my Lord Lindfcy , had not the patience to wait upon their Generals coming, but prefently, and without any Confultation, or allowance of the better fort, leap’d to their Arms,' came to the Street in great numbers, crying, T be Sword of the Lord , and of Gideon , it fall be either theirs or ours: And taking their March ftraight towards the SeJJions Houfe , where the King and Ms Coun¬ cil were for the time, would in all probability have forc’d the Doors, which upon the noife of the Tumult were (hut, and done Mifchief, at leaft to thofe call’d Ofiavians , whom they blam’d for all, had it not been, that by the Providence of GOD, a Loyal Party, drawn together by the Deacon of the Trades, kept them back for a fpace, until their Fever cool’d a little', and that in the mean time the Earl of Marr y from the Cattle fent a Company of Mufqueteers, to guard the King’s Perfon, which his Lieutenant quickly brought down the Caflle Bank to the Grafs Alar - ket ^ and from thence march’d afterwards to the foot of Lor refers Wind , which they attended 9 and entring by the back Stairs, came where the B z King ( 6 ) King wa's^ after which the King commanded to open the Doors, and advance to the Street-, upon notice whereof, at the intreaty of Sir Alexander Hume , Provolt, the Multitude chofe to disband, and went away as confufedly as they met, where^ by the King and his Attendants had a fure way to go without Hazard or Affront, down the Street to his Palace of Halyrood Houfe , from whence the next Morning he removed to Lithgoe. . This * Mef chant Bufinefs, (call’d in * S/f way of Deteftation even unto this time e 10 the 17th. day of December) gave the Minifters Affairs fuch a Blow, that during King James s Reign they were never able to make it up again, for it was efteem’d fo illegal in the At¬ tempt, and prov’d fo fooliih in the ConduH, that thereafter Noble Men were not inclinable to ef- poufe their Quarrel, and without them it was well know'n they could effefluate nothing and fo it came to pafs, that without difficulty, the King carried through his Defign, and Epifcopal Govern¬ ment was eftablifh’d by Law, and that not with¬ out the confent and furtherance of many of the Wifeft among the Miniftry, whom experience had taught to fee a neceffity of having Bifhops fet up, to curb the Humors of feme Preachers, efpecially the younger fort, whofe out-breakings again# Au¬ thority, both in their Pulpits and Meetings, were very often five. This Eftablifnment of Epifcopal Government taking effeft fhortly after His Majefties fetling upon his Throne of fHngland, was the more com¬ fortable to him, that thereby he gain’d an Unifor¬ mity in Government betwixt the Churches of the two Nations, which being atchiev’d, his Majefty went on to prefs that there might be an Unifor- ( 7 ) mity alfo in Worfhip betwixt them, far which end he recommended to the Bilhops the Introdu- £tion of fome Enghjk Cudoms into this Church $ as, i ft. The Gedure pf Kneeling, to be ufed at the receiving the Holy Communion, idly. In the Cafe of Necedity, Baptifm to be privately admi- niftred. idly. Private Communion In the like Cafe. 4 tbly Confirmation of Children. And $thly. A Religious Oblervation of the Days of Our Blelfed Saviour’s Nativity, Pafiioo , Refur- teHion, and Afcenfion, and of the Defcenfion of the Holy Ghoft. Thefe Articles being debated in the General Aflembiy at St. Andrews 1617, were afterwards concluded in the General Affembly at Perth 16 1% and at laid in the Year 1621 ratify’d by Parliament. The King prefs’d alfo about that time that a Liturgy fhould be fram’d for this Church after the Model of the Englifl ), which, tho’ the Bifhops relilh’d well, yet they waved the Motion during his Reign , for reafons bed known to themfelves. The Minillers of the contrary Judgment dill retain’d the old Principles, and being able to do> no more for that time, kept life in theCaufe, by prefenting to the feveral Parliaments their Prote- dations againd the things that were done. And at length, when, by the Death of that Re- nown’d King James VI. Charles I. came to fit upon the Throne, they refolv’d upon Application to his Majedy for f re meed , and pitch’d * , f upon Mr. Robert Scot , Minister of Glaf- e le * goe , to go up and prefent the Supplication^ but at his ieturn they found nothing was to be expe¬ lled that way, but that King Charles was refolv’d to maintain the Government which his Royal Fa¬ ther had edablifh’d, B 4 This ( S ) This put them to other Thoughts, yet in their Carriage nothing appear'd, whereby Men could ' conjecture that which afterwards came to pafs, tor their Deportment favour’d of Gravity and Meeknefs, neither aCted they any thing which was much taken notice of, until the Year 1653, that the King came Home to Scotland. Only in the mean time they labour’d to increale the number of their Frofelytes every where, and thgt not without fuccefs, efpecially in Fife , and in the Weltern parts. Whereunto a way, which they then begun, prov’d very conducive, and this it was: They kept fometimes every Year a Fait in every Kirk throughout the Kingdom, where the Minifters were of their Stamp, (viz.) upon the firft Sabbath of every Quarter, whereof there was no publick intimation, lave, that the Minifters did privately defire lo many of their Flock, as from time to time they could draw over to their Party, to join an it v and upon thofe Days of Falling, they ufed in their DoClrine to hint at the danger of Religi¬ on by Prelacy, and the Dependencies thereof, and in their Prayer to fupplicate for Remedy, with a Bleffing upon all good Means which Providence ihould afford for that end *, by which Courfe they prevail’d much upon the Commons. But that which advantaged them more, was the turning of certain Noble Men to their fide-, for beiides that the generality of the Nobility was tnalecontented , there were by this time obferv’d to be avow’d owners of their Intereft in Fife the Far! of Rothes and Lord Lindfcy , in Lothian the fails of Lothian and Ba/maranoch , and in the Weft the Earls of Caffells and Egglington , and Lord foudoii , which acceihon rendred them very con- fjderaWe, • Where-' ( 9 ) Whereupon, when the King came to Scotland,\ in the Year 1633, to hold his firft Parliament, they refolv'd upon a Petition to his Majelty and Parliament, for Redrefs of all their Grievances, and the fame being fubfcrib’d with their Hands, was committed to the Earl of Rothes, to the end, that before it were deliver’d to the Clerk Regifter, (to whom it belong’d to receive Petitions ) his Lordlhip might firft acquaint the King with it in private. For. which end, upon the day that the King made his Entry into Edinburgh , the Earl of Rothes went timely in the Morning to Dalkieth, and im¬ parted the bufinefs to the King, but his Majefty having read the Petition, reitor’d it to Rothes , laying, No more of this, my Lord , 1 Command you *, which Rothes having at his return communicated to the reft, they concluded to fupprefs the Peti¬ tion,, and fo nothing more was heard anent it, until the next Year, that my Lord Bahmranoch was brought upon the Stage for it, which was upon this occafion. ■ • One Mr. John Denmure , a Writer in Dundee , being with my Lord Balmiranoch at his Houfe of harm on , my Lord was pleas’d to difcourfe with him of the Corruptions which were in Church and State, laying them out to the full, whereun- to Mr. John reply’d, That it was a pity that fuel) as knew thofe things did not reprefent them to the. King, while he was here in (Scotland) in the Coun¬ try • to. whom Balmiranoch anfwer’d, That they purpos'd to have done it, and had a Ret it ion Jign-d for that end, which the Earl of Rothes having ftew'd him, he commanded that there Jhould be no more of it, whereupon it was fupprefs’d 5 adding Withal, That the framing of the Relit ion having ( 10 ) been committed to him, he hud yet the * Original * Prototype by him, which he would. Jhew him , and fo bringing it from his Cabinet, gave it to Mr. John, who retiring to his Chamber, not only read it over, but alfo tran- ferib’d it, and reftoring to my Lord the principal, carry’d with him the Copy. Thereafter the laid Mr. John happening in his Journey homeward, to lodge at the Houle of Mr. Peter Hey of Nachton , fell to fpeak with him up¬ on that Subject, and to reckon up the Corrupti¬ ons of the Times, whereupon Nachton reply’d. Where have ye learn'd, Mr. John, to Jpeak fo well in State Affairs ? doubtlefs you have been with your Patron Balmarinoch ^ to whom Mr. John anfwer’d, You have guefs'd it , Balmarinoch is in¬ deed my informer , and moreover /kern'd me a Peti¬ tion , whereby he and his A (foci at es intended to have complain'd to the King, but he would not hear it, and f have in my Pocket a Copy of the Petition „ Nachton carrying no good Will to Balmarinoch , and withal being very Epifcopal, found the way to get the Petition from Mr. John, and fome days after he was gone, went to the Archbilhop of St. Andrews , and deliver’d the Copy to him, with an Account of the Difcourfe which had pafs’d be¬ twixt Mr, John and him, in reference thereunto * whereupon the Archbilhop found himfelf oblig’d to acquaint the King therewith. Whereupon there came down an Order to the Lords of the Council to call Balmarinoch and Mr. John before them, who compeir’d and were ex¬ amin’d before them, where Mr. John acknow¬ ledg’d the Copy, and that he had drawn it from that frame which Balmarinoch put in his Hands ^ Balmarinoch confefs’d the having that frame, and ” produc’d ( II ) produc’d it, granting that he gave it to Mr. John to read over, but deny’d that he had his allow- ance to copy it^ however Mr. John was * demit ted, and Balmiranoch fent * difmijject Prifoner to the Caltle of Edinburgh , and after many appearances before the council (for the fpace of half a Year) was at laft brought to the Panned, and by an Mize of his Peers Con¬ demn'd to die, yet did the Gracious King re¬ prieve him, and e’re long gave him a Remiflion , which before the Council Table he receiv’d upon his Knees, with ample acknowledgments of the King’s Mercy to him, and folemn Promifes of Exemplary Loyalty thereafter, which how he per¬ form’d, his a&ings in the Troubles that enfued do teftifie. This Rifque which Balmiranoch had run, funk deep in their Hearts who were of his Party, and exafperated them againlt the Bilhops more than before, fo that they l'par’d not thereafter (whenfo ever they found opportunity) tP undermine their Reputation, taxing them of Worldlinefs, and that their Care was only to make up Eftates for their Children, but no ways to procure the Good of the Church, defaming them, that they thought it not enough to trample upon the Church , but drove alfo to domineer over the State ^ yea, they accus’d them of unfoundnefs alfo, that they were Friends to Popery, and had it in their Thoughts to bring in the Mafs * and in fpecial, it was their care that Noble Men Ihould drink in thole Preju¬ dices againlt them, which was the more eafily obtain’d, that fome of them having aim’d at State Preferments, and met with difappointments* blam’d the Bifhops therefore5 and others, who were ( 12 ) were in high Places already, were not without Jealoufies, that they intended their Fall. Of the former fort was Archibald. , Lord of Lorn , (a Man very confiderable both for Power and Parts, and at that time generally belov’d) the reafon of whole turning againft the Bifhops was judg'd by wife Men, to be, that the Office of High Chancellor happening to become vacant in the Year 1635, by the death of George Earl of Kinovclc , (a worthy States-Man) the Lord Lorn dealt lor it •, but the King having lately done great things to him, (by bringing the Bar¬ gain of Kintyre into his Hands’, and by giving him an hereditable Right of the Jufticiary of the files, and allb a large Sum of prelent Money for his better Subfiftance) his Majefty was not pleas’d to be further prefs’d by him, and fo conferr’d the Office of Chancellor upon the Arch biffiop of St. Andrews •, which difappointment irritated Lorn againft the Billiops, whom he blam’d for the fame. The like was talk’d concerning fome others, who had formerly turn’d that way, and I know well there was ground for it, yet becaufe the fame is not fo generally underftood as this which I have inftanc’d, therefore I forbear to condefcend. And upon the other account it was, that John^ Earl of Lraq.uah\ High Treafurer, (under profef- iion of Friendfliip enough to the Bifhops) had un¬ der-hand dealing with their Adverfaries, for he conceiv’d a jealoufie,(and many thought not with¬ out caufe) that the Bifhops intended his Fall, to the end Ml John Maxwell , Bifhop of Rofs, might he made. Treafurer, and therefore in a cover’d way he did what he could to fupplapt them. Neither were there wanting in the Court,at the King’s own Elbow, divers, who for the ill will they C i? ) they carry’d to the Bifhops, favour’d that way,- whofe Names I fpare till afterwards,' that I come to make account of their A£f ings. And withal, their Adverfaries had for a long time entertain’d at London one Mr. Eleazer Bortk- «?/£>&,(a Man well travell’d, and fit for fuch work) tranfaffing with Nonconformifts there, to have Thoughts of attempting fomething for Reforma¬ tion in that Church, how foon the work fhould begin here, the faid Mr. Bortbwick return’d in February 1637, and made them an account of his fuccefs, which being to their Mind, did much en¬ courage them. They had alfo Correfpondence with the Scottijh Minifters in the North of Ireland , for making fome ftickling there, wherein they were net de¬ ficient, and fo as at length, (knowing what was upon the Wheel here) they * wax'd fo * grew tumultuous againft the Order of that Church, as made their Bifhops to turn them out whereupon they came over to Scotland , with a great noife of the Perfecution they had met with, and were look’d upon by their Friends here as fo many Martyrs, fo that care was taken for their Shelter and Subfiltance in.the Weft, until the Re¬ volution which enfued, that Places were emptied for them. The Adverfaries had alfo other Advantages of them, as firft, want of Harmony amongft the Bi¬ fhops, by reafen that the Younger, (who in Wil- dom and Experience were far fhort of the Elder) yet were no ways obfervant of them, which came to pafs upon this occafion-, it had been King James 's Cuftom when a Bifhoprick fell void, ta appoint the Archbilhop of. St. Andrews to con¬ vene the reft,and name three or four w ell qualify W ,. ( *4 ) do that there could not be an Error in the Choice, and then out of that Lift that King pitch’d upon one, whom he preferr’d whereby it came to pafs, that during his time moft able Men were ad¬ vanc’d, as, Mr. William Cooper to Galloway , Mr. Adam Ballantine to Dumblain , Falrick Forbes of Corfe to Aberdeen , Mr. David Lindjey to Bricben , and Mr. John Gutbrey to Murray. But King Charles follow’d another way, and without any Confultation had with the * intereft Bifhops, preferr’d Men by * Moyen at Court ; fo upon Buckingham ’s Com¬ mendation Dr. Lefley was made Bifhop of the Ifles, and at the Intreaty of James Maxwell of the Bed-Chamber, Mr. John Maxwell made Bi- Ihop of RoJs , and by the Archbifhop of * means Canterbury's * Moyen Mr. Thomas Syde- Jerfe was made Bifhop of Bricben , and Dr. Wedderburne Bifhop of Dumblain ^ and when Sydeferje was remov’d from Bricben to Galloway , Mr. Walter Wbitford was made Bifhop of Bricben , by the Moyen of the Earl of Sterling , the Secre¬ tary of Scotland . Now among thefe late Bifhops whom King Charles preferr’d, none were generally elfeem’d gifted for the Office, except Bifhop Maxwell , of whom it cannot be deny’d, but he was a Man of great Parts, but the Mifchief was, they were ac- company’d with unbounded Ambition •, for it did not content him to be a Lord of the Secret Coun¬ cil (as were the reft) but he behov’d alfo to be a Lord of the Exchequer, and a Lord of the Seffion Extraordinary, and at laft to be Lord High Trea- furer, which prov’d fatal to them all. Thus the Young Bifhops, not having been be¬ holding to the Old Bifhops for their Preferment, for ( M) fot that caufe they depended not upon theta 3 but kept a Fellowfhip among themfelves apart, and happening to gain an intimacy with the Archbifhop of Canterbury , caus’d him to procure from the King, Power to himfelf to prefcribe things to the Old Bifhops, which they did not well relifh. Another Advantage the Adverfaries had, was the Difcontent which daily encreas’d among the Miniftry, becaufe of the Bifhops too much (light¬ ing of them , yet was not this to be imputed to. the Old Bifhops, who were prudent and humble Men, and gave Refpefl to all honeft and defer*- ving Minitters as their Brethren, but it was the Fault only of the Younger Bifhops, who indeed tarry’d themfelves fo loftily, that Minifters figni- fy’d little in their reckoning. And the Third was the moft fatal of all, and this was the States-Men’s Treachery towards, mem, for when they, who in his Majefty s ab- lUice Ihould underprop them, do undermine them, it is ominous *, yet fo was it then, albeit all pro- fefs’d fot them, yet under-board molt of them wrought againft them, being partly led on by the Trealurer, and partly irritated by the Younger Bi¬ fhops Pride, and their too much meddling in State. Affairs. Now things being in this pofture, Providence afforded the faireft occafion their Adverfaries could have wifh’d, for appearing in A&ion againft them, and this it was: The King at his coming to Scot¬ land in the Year 1633, had brought with him Dr. Laud , then Bifhop of London , fhortly after Archbilhop of Canterbury , (one who had much Power with his Majefty, but was generally hated by the People) he beholding our Form ofWorfhip, ( 1(3 ) did (in Conference with our Bifhops, and others of the Clergy) tax the nakednels thereof in divers refpe&s, but chiefly for our want of a Liturgy, whereby he thought all might be help’d ■, the Old Bilhops reply’d, T hat in King James’x time there had been a Motion made for it,but that the prcfent- ing thereof was defer rd, in regard the Articles of Perth, then introduc'd, proved fo unwelcome to the People, that they thought it not fit nor fdfe, at that time to venture upon any farther Innovations, and they toe re tiot yet without fome fear, that if it fhould be gone about, the Confequence thereof might be very fad-, but Bi/hop Maxwell, and with him Mr. Thomas Sydeferfe, (who was then but a Candi¬ date) and Mr. Mitchel, and others, prefs'd hard that it might be, ajfuring that there was no kind of danger in it } "whereupon Bifhop Laud, (who fpake as he would have it) moving the King to de¬ clare it to be his Wll, that there fhould be d Litur¬ gy in this Gturch, his Majejty commanded the /hops to go about the Forming of it. v How Toon this came to be nois’d , the perfeft- ing of the Frame was not more. wifh’d by the Epifcopal Men, than by thofe of the contrary Judgment ^ albeit, upon different accounts 5 the former to'exprefs their acquiefcence in the King’s Will, or (poflibly) thinking it a Good to the Churchy but the others prefum’d, (wherein they tvere not miftaken) that the noife.of it would ftartle the whole Nation, fo as to render them in¬ clinable to engage in a War for oppofing it, which they thought might readily infer the Extermina¬ tion of Epifcopacy, with all the Dependencies of it. The Bifhops in the meanwhile were bufie about the Work, and at length, towards the end of the C 17 ) Year 1 636 compleatedit, after which nothing wanted, but to get it authoriz’d, and fo made practicable. Which while they were about to do, there arofe a Clamour againft them, (which upon the fud- den fpread throughout the whole Land) that Re¬ ligion was undermin’d by a Confpiracy betwixt the Bifhop of Canterbury and other Bilhops, and that they, (being fuborn’d by him) were bringing in the Mafs-Book. This wrought fo upon People every where, that all Men concluded there was no way to efchew a publick Rupture, but to fup- prefs the Book-, and indeed the Archbilhop of St. Andrews , with the wifeft of his Brethren, laid it to Heart, and wrote to the Archbilhop of Canter¬ bury to deal with the King, that the Book might be kept back, till the Nation were better prepa¬ red to receive it; which poliibly would have been hearken’d unto, if our Bilhops had been harmo¬ nious anent it ^ but thofe among them who had been lately preferr’d (being hot Blooded, and wanting fomewhat of the Experience which the Elder fort had) went not along with them, but comply’d with the Treafurer’s Opinion that the work Ihould go on: Concerning which, the Trea- furer having gotten fome Lines under their Hands to the Bifhop of Canterbury , his Lordfhip polled away to Court, and there luggefted to Canterbu¬ ry , that there was no danger to be apprehended, only the Old Bilhops were timorous Men, and fear’d where no caufe of fear was -, in token w ? here- of, if his Grace would move the King to lay his Commands upon him, he fhould, upon his Life, carry through the Bufinefs, without any ftir. Can¬ terbury (being ignorant that the Treahirer’s Zeal for promoting the work, was to ruin the Bilhops, C efpeciaily 1 ( *8 ) efpeeially he having, brought him Letters from thofe among!! them with whom he. correfpondecl moft)was fo aifecfed with the Treafurer’s Speeches, that albeit he thought not fit that a work of that nature fhould be committed to a Layick, yet pro¬ cur’d to himfelf a Warrant from the King, to command the Bilhops (upon all Hazards) to go ‘ forward in it*, threatning them withal, that if they lingred in it longer, the King would turn them out of their Places, and fill the fame w r ith vigorous and refolute Men, who would not be afraid to do him Service. The Bilhops, having at the Treafurer’s return received this peremptory Command, were not all alike well pleafed ^ the younger Bifhops were o- verjoyed, and efteemed the Treafurer their beft Friend, who had obtained the thing they defired ^ but the wife old Bifhops were ofanother Mind, and thought more than they fpake^ however now they had nothing left them, but either to do or die. Whereupon, (and being mightily encouraged by the Treafurer’s ample Promifes of afliftance and fliaring in their Lot) they did call away their fear, and went to work. And indeed it is remarkable, that thereafter they afled fo far contrary to thofe Rules of Pru¬ dence and Pollicy whereby they had been accuftom- ed to manage their Affairs, that all Men began to elpy a Fatality in it. For they laboured not (as formerly they had done in leffer matters) to have their Book brought in by an Ecclefiaftical Sanftion, but having gotten it authorized by an A£! of Council, proceeded with¬ out more ado to urge the Praflice thereof. Where¬ by they provok’d again!! themfelves the molt part even of thofe Minilfers that were Epifcopal in their ( *9 ) their Judgment, who thought it a very lad mat¬ ter, that a Liturgy fhould be impofed upon the Church, without the knowledge and conient of the Churchy and judg’d it fuch a dangerous pre¬ parative, that thereby the Civil Power might in after-times introduce any thing (tho’ never fo hurtful to Religion ) and the Church never get one Voice in it : And they were the more offend¬ ed, in regard King James of blefled Memory had never prefled any thing that way, but whatfo- ever he would have done, us’d to takea Church way in it. Neither did they at firft urge the Practice of their Liturgy upon the remote!! Diocefes, and other places, where there was leaf; averfenefs from fuch Changes, but made the firft Elfays where oppofition was moft probably to be ex- pefted. Thus they began the Work in the City of E- dinbrough , where upon the 16 of July 1637, (at their Command) the Minifters in their feveral Pulpits made Intimation that the next Sabbath (being the 23) the Service-Book would be read in all the Churches, extolling the benefit of it, and exhorting the People to comply with it. When the next Sabbath was come, two of thofe Mini iters that had made the Intimation, ( viz. Mr. Andrew Ramjey and Mr. Henry Rol- lock , having gotten fome notice oh the Oppofiti- on that was to be made)kept the old way of Wor- !hip, and meddled not with the Book, but the reft refolved to read it •, and that the Work might be done in Sc. Giles's Kirk with the greater So¬ lemnity, the Bifhop of Edinb rough came there himfelf from Halyrood-Houfe to afhft at it. ( 20 ) Ho fooner was the Service begun, but a Mul¬ titude of Wives and Serving-Women in the feve- rai Churches, rofe in a tumultuous way, and ha¬ ving prefac’d a while with defpightful exclama¬ tions, tlirew the Stools they late on at the Preachers, and thereafter invaded them more nearly, and ftrove to pull them from their Pulpits, whereby they had much ado to efcape their Hands and retire to their Houfes. And for the Bilhop (againft whom their Wrath was moftbent) the Magi- ftrates found difficulty enough to refcue him^ and when they had brought him without the Church, he was yet in danger to have been mur¬ dered in the Street, had not (by Providence) the Earl of Roxbrough (who by the Death of Thomas Earl of Haddington had lately been made Privy Seal) received him into his Coach, which drove fo quickly that they could not overtake them. This Tumult was taken to be but a rafh Emer¬ gent , without any predeliberation •, whereas the Truth is, it was the Refult of a Confutation at Edinburgh in Aprils at which time Mr. Alexan¬ der Henderfon came thither from his Brethren in f 'ife^ and Mr. David Dick from thofe in the Weft Country *, and thole two having communicated to my Lord Balmaranoch and Sir Thomas Hope the Minds of thofe they came from, and gotten their Approbation thereto, did afterwards meet at the Houfe of Nicolas Balfour in the Covogate with Nicolas , Eupham Henderfon , Bethia and Elfpes Craigge , and feveral other Matrons, and recommended to them, that they and their Adhe¬ rents might give the firft Affront to the Book, af- furing them that Men fhould afterwards take the bufinefs out of their Hands. The ( 2 * ) The Matrons having undertaken fo to do, Mr, Alexander Henderfon return’d to Fife, Mr. David Dick, retir’d to the Weft, having, by the way of Sterling, and other places, where he halted, (left notice Ihould be taken of his being at Edinburgh at that time) given out, that his Errand there was to Convoy Mr. Robert Blair to a Ship, who pro- fefs’d to intend for Germany , to Preach to a Re¬ giment*, whereas in the mean time they had other things in their Heads. Notwithftanding the Affront in Edinburgh , (which fhould have made the Bilhops more wary) the next attempt was alfo inconfiderate, being made in the Eaft part of Fife , where the Bifhop of St. Andrews caus’d aMeffenger charge Mr. Alex¬ ander Henderfon and Mr. James Bruce to read the Book, under pain of Horning. This Mr. Henderfon had been in his Youth ve¬ ry Epifcopal, in token whereof, being a Profeflor of Philofophy in St. Andrews , he did at the Lau- reation of his Clafs, chufe Archbifhop Gladfione for his Patron, with a very flattering Dedication, for the which he had the Kirk of Lenchars given him ftiortly after $ and before he had been ma¬ ny Years there, fell into intimate acquaintance with Mr. William Scot in his declining days. Up¬ on Mr. Henderfon all the Miniftry of that Judgment depended-, and no wonder, for in Gra¬ vity, Learning, Wifdom, and State-Policy, he far exceeded any of them. * Always he and the other being ^ . charg’d, had the recourfe to the Se- “ JL, cret Council, and upon the 23 th. of Augufl fupplicated their Lordfhips for a fufpenfi- on of the Charge. The Lards of the Council did take the Supplication to Heart, and wrote to the C i King ( 22 ) King thereanent, defiring to know his Mind a- gainl! the 20th. of September , to which day the Supplicants were referr’d for Anfwer. The Bifhops expefled the Council ffiould have reje&ed thole Minifters Supplication, and alfo in- flifled fome Exemplary Punifhment upon thofe that a£!ed in the Tumult at Edinburgh , and v\hen neither was done, they (knowing the Treafurer’s Power in Council to be fuch, that he rul’d Mat¬ ters at his pleafure) began then to be jealous of him, when it was too late. Always the good acceptance which Mr. Hen- derfon and the other found at Council, being com¬ municated to the Correfpondents in feveral parts, there followed thereupon much Trafficking throughout the Country, for drawing numbers to Edinburgh again!! the next Council Diet, and not without fuccefs-, for upon the 19th. of September arriv’d there the Earls of Rothes , Cajjells , Egling- ton , Home , Lothian , and Wemmes •, the Lords Lindfey , Jefter , Eahnaranoch , Cranftone , and Loudon j and belides thofe, divers Burgeffes and M millers from Life, and the Weftern Shires, all which upon the morrow prefented their Supplica¬ tion again!! the Book. The Oracle whom the Supplicants 4 concerning confulted * anent the legality of their proceeding, was Sir Thomcu Hope , (his Majelfy’s Advocate) who, tho’ he profefs’d to have no Hand in the bufinefs, (being the King’s Servant) yet in the mean time privately laid down the grounds and ways whereby they might pro¬ ceed, and that he might not be remark’d, pitch’d upon Balmaranocb and Mr. Henderfon to be the Men, who from time to time fhouid come to him and ieceive hiS Overtures, The <*J ) The Treafurer yet profeis’d to be for the Bifhops, hut bewray’d himfelf abundantly, not only by nis private correfponding with the Supplicants, but alfo by his carriage in publick, which tended al¬ together to dir eft them to hound fair, and encou¬ rage them to go on. Befides tliofe, fome other Lords fpdke favour¬ ably in Council of the Supplicants, and pafhon- ately rebuk’d the Bifhops ^ amongif whom they did take moft offence at the Earl of Morion , in regard that he of all Scots Men, (the Marquefs of Hamleton excepted) had tailed moft deeply of the King’s Bounty: But by this time the Bifhops were become fo defpicable, that neither Morton , nor any -others valued their -Offence*, yet was it thought a reafon why his Lordfhip did the fboner return to Court, left in his abfence they might •inform to his prejudice. Always the Council de¬ ferred Anfwer to the Supplicants until the 17th. of Otlcber^ writing in the mean time to the King, what height the Stir was come to, and intreating his Majeity’s Anfwer againft that day ^ like as the Duke of Lenox being preferrt, (who had come to Scotland to attend the Burial of his Mother, the Countefsof Aber.com , and was the next day to begin his Journey to Court) they defil’d his Grace to reprefent the bufinefs fully to his Majefty, and fo the Council diffolv’d. The Supplicants, upon the morrow thereafter, met again at their feveral Caballs, and unto the Minifters were join’d Mr. Andrew Ram fey , and Mr. Henry Rollock , where the main thing Treated in their Meeting was, how the Brethren through¬ out the Kingdom might be made to concur with them, (in regard few as yet appear’d, except from fife , and the Weftern parts) and fo it was laid C 4 upon ( 24 ) upon Mr. Henry Rollock to deal with thofe of Lo¬ thian , Alcrfe , and Tiviotdale ^ Mr. Andrew Ram- fey to take the like pains with thofe of Angus and Alearns $ Mr. Robert Murray to travel with them of Perth and Sterlin Shires ^ and an Advertifement was order’d to be fent to Mr. Andrew Cant to ufe the like diligence in the North * and fo the Mi- nifters disbanded for that time. At the 17th. of Offober Multitudes of People from feveral parts of the Land flockt to Edinburgh to join in Suppli¬ cating, and that fo generally, that befide the in- creafe of Noble Men, who had not been formerly there, there were few or no Shires on the South of the Grampwn Hills, from which came not Gen¬ tlemen, Burghers, Minifters, and Commons. Yet if his Majefty’s Anfwer, which the Coun¬ cil receiv’d, had tended to difeharge the Service- Book , ( as peaceable Men expeHed and wifhed ) tire moft part had return’d home well fatisfied, and thofe that were otherwife minded, would * Party have Itay’d with a thin * Back *, but inftead thereof, the firft thing the Supplicants heard , was a Proclamation at the Market Crofs, ordaining the Service-Book to be pra&is’d at Edinburgh , and other places adjacent $ the Coun¬ cil and Self on s to remove from Edinburgh , firft to Lithgee , and thereafter to Sterlin , and the whole Supplicants to depart forth of Edinburgh towards their own Homes, within twenty four Hours, under pain of Horning. This irritated the People of Edinburgh fo, that the next morning the Women fell to work again, and afiembled on the Street to the number of 300, their place of Rendezvouz was ForrefeFs Wind- head. , and their firft attempt was upon Bifhop Sydejerfe , who going to the Coundl-Houfe with Francis ( 25 ) Francis Stewart , (Son to the late Earl of Bothwell) for examining fome Witnefles in his Bufinefs, was invaded by thofe Women with fuch violence, that probably he had been torn in pieces, if it had not been that the laid Francis , with the help of two pretty Men that attended him, refeu’d him out of their Hands, and hurl’d him in at the Door, hold¬ ing back the purfuers until thofe that were with¬ in lhut the Door. Thereafter the Provoft and Bayliffs being aflem- bled in their Council, thofe Women beleaguer’d them, and threatned to burn the Houfe about their Ears, unlefs they did prefently nominate two Commifiioners for the Town, to join with the Supplicants ^ which, to compofe the Tumult, they were forc’d to do, and fo the Women disbanded for that day, having no more committed to them at that time by thole that hounded them out. The noife of the Town of Edinburgh's being join’d to the Supplicants, had fuch influence up¬ on the Burroughs, that whereas the molt part of them had formerly lain by, very fhortly after all of them, ( Aberdeen only excepted ) came into the Caufe, and indeed being once engaged, turn’d the molt furious of anyfo that neither their own Minilters, nor any 'other that dilliked the Courfe, could be in fafety among them. Notwithftanding the Proclamation , where¬ by the Supplicants were commanded to depart forth of Edinburgh , Efc. they remain’d neverthe- lefs in Town, and met the next day at their feve- ral Tables, for confulting what was next to be done^ where, left fuch Minilters as were not up¬ on the fecrets of the bufinefs, Ihould, (for fear of contravening the Proclamation) have withdrawn, the Noble Men behoov’d to advertize them, which other ( 26 ) otherways they would have been loth to divulge, how they had afiTurance from the Treafurer (not- withftanding the Proclamation ) no notice fhould be taken of their remaining in Town, provided they kept within Doors, and did not appear on the Street^ whereupon, tho’ they abode in their Meeting-Houfes all that day, yet the molt part of it was fpent e’re they fell upon Bufinefs, in regard that Balmerinoch and Mr. Henderfon were all that while with Sir Thomas Hope , getting their Leflbns. How foon they return’d from the Lords, Mr. Henderfon brought from them a Propofition to the Minifters, that whereas they had formerly Supplicated to be freed from the Service-Book, Lfc. they might now take the Bifhops for their Party, complain of them as Underminers of Reli¬ gion , and crave Juftice to be done upon them; but to this many of the Minifters were very un¬ willing, profefling that they came there only to be freed of the Service-Book, and otherways had no Quarrel to the Bifhops; which being reported to the Noble Men, they fent to the Earl of Rothes and Lord Loudon to perfuade the Minifters, who xvith their long Orations, (wherein was a mixture of Allurements and Threatnings) prevail’d fo up¬ on the Minifters, that the Challenge againft the Bifhops, (being prepar’d before hand) was inftant- ly lubfcribed by them all, and deliver’d to the Clerk of the Council, and alfo Copies thereof gi¬ ven them, to be carried home to their feveral Pref- byteries and Parilhes, to be fubfcribed by all Ranks, and return’d again the next Council day, which was to be the 15 th. of November. This being done, the Minifters were demitted for that time, and returning Home thunder’d fo from ( 27 ) from their Pulpits, that againft the i?th. of No¬ vember Multitudes of all forts of People, (in greater number than formerly) from all Quarters, came to Edinburgh with their Supplications. And among other Nobles, (who had not been formerly there ) came at that Diet the Earl of Montrofs, which was moft taken notice of^ yea, when the Bifhops heard that he was come there to join, they were fomewhat affrighted, having that efteem of his Parts, they thought it time to prepare for a Storm when he engaged. * Always the number being fo great, * However (in regard the Councils Diets were not fo frequent) the Noble Men confider’d the Mul¬ titude could not remain in Town to attend the lame ^ and therefore after fome days ftay, they appointed that certain out of every Eftate fhould be chofen, to abide with them conftantly at Edin¬ burgh , and wait upon the Diets of Council for Anfwer, and the reft to return home, which was done. The Council fate thereafter at Dalkeith , (the Lord Treafurer’s Refidence) where the Noble Men and Commifhoners that attended them , did on the 19th. of December prefent unto the Council a Declinature againft the Bifhops, That they, be¬ ing now made Party , might not fit and Vote in that Judicature: The Lord Treafurer, Sir James Carmichael , Treafurer depute, Sir Thom at Hope Advocate, and Sir John Hamlet on Juft ice Clerk, did all at that Diet difcover themfelves more clearly for the Supplicants, than formerly they had •, the Earl of Roxbrough , Lord Privy Seal, was more referv’d^ but none of the States-Men fpoke cordially for the Bifhops, except Sir John Hay „ Clerk Regifter. C 28 ) The Refult of the Council was, to fend up the Lord Treafurer to inform the King of the height the Bufinefs was come to * the Bifhops that were prefent oppofed to the uttermoft that he fhould be employ’d , but were not able to hinder it, in regard Roxbrough and the Chief of the Councel- lors were eager for it, and fo his Lordfhip began his Journey to Court upon the 21ft. day of De¬ cember , 163 8C Upon the Sth. of January the Council and Sef- iions, (in obedience to the Proclamation of the 17th. of Offober ) met in Stcrlin , and continued there until the end of February. Upon the 14th. of February the Treafurer re¬ turn’d from Court to Dalkeith , whereupon the Noble Men and Commiffioners refiding at Edin¬ burgh^ fent privately to him his Neighbour my Lord Cranfton , to bring them intelligence went how Matters * ruled above. Upon the i 6th- of February the Treafurer came to Edinburgh, where he flay’d till the 19th. of Fe¬ bruary ( and fpoke with them at length ) and then at Two a Clock in the Morning pafs’d away to Sterling, What notice the Noble Men had from himfelf of his Diet was conceal’d, and they profefs’d to have learn’d it only by fome Footmen of their own , who lodg’d in the Stablefs Houfe, where the Treafurer’s Horfes flood. * Always no fooner was the Trea- * neverthelefs fjrer gone, but ( as if they had been furpriz’d therewith ) they gave an a- larm through the Town, and convened all by three a Clock, and immediately difpatched after him the Earl of Home an'd Lord LinJJey , that if any Proclamation were publilh’d at Sterling , before they ( 29 ) they could come that length, thofe two might (im their Names) protelt againit the fame^ and Home and Lindfey polled fo tall, that they pafs’d by the Treafurer in Torvoood , and were at Sterling an Hour before him. Upon the Treafurer’s arrival, the Chancellor pre- fently call’d the Council,and at Ten a Clock caus’d to be publilh’d at the Market Crols his Majefty’s Proclamation,approving the Service-Book, tfc. and difcharging all Meetings to the contrary, under 1 painofTreafon: Home an&Lindfey protefted again!! the Proclamation, taking Inllruments in the Hands of Mr. David F'orrejler , Notary * the reft of the Noble Men then at Edinburgh follow’d towards Sterling as faft as they could,having firft fent Polls through the Lcthians , and to Fife and Perthshire , warning all that lov’d the Caufe to come to Ster¬ ling with all polfible haft. The Noble Men from Edinburgh arriv’d at Ster¬ ling at Four a Clock in the Afternoon, and e’re Midnight the Town was full of Arm’d Men, that came upon their call from all Quarters. The next morning it went current, that Bilhop Spotfwood the Chancellor would * get the fame Meafure, which his Prede- celfor Bifhop Hamlet on had many Years before gotten in that Town*, and indeed the giddy lore would have had it lb. But the Noble Men, and the wifeft of the Mi- nifters, abhorred the Motion, and fo nothing of that kind was attempted*, only having fpoken with the Treafurer, and Commiffionated Arthur Airskin of Scotfcraig , and Sir William Alurray of PomcE, to renew their Declinature at the firft Di¬ et of Council, the Noble Men, and all the reft, (reckoned above 2000) rode ftraight from Ster¬ ling ( 3 ° ) ling to Edinburgh , there to confult what was next to be done •, whereof the IfTue was, that after fome days Advifement and Confultation with Sir T ho- ma* Hope , and other Lawyers, they refolv’d up¬ on a Covenant, to be fubfcribed by all that would join with them. And fo upon the ift. of March 1698, they be¬ ing all alTembled in the Gray-Friers Church, and Church-Yard, the Covenant, (having been prepa¬ red before hand) was publickly read, and fubfcrib’d by them all with much Joy and Shouting. The Archbilhop of St. Andrews being then re¬ turn’d from Sterling to Edinburgh , when he heard what was done, faid, Now all that we have been doing the/e 30 Tears paji is thrown down at once j and fearing Violence, he prefently fled away to London , (where the next Year he died) fo did al- fo fuch other of the Bifhops, as knew themfelves molt ungracious to the People ^ only four of them Itay’d at home, whereof three delivered their Per- fons and Fortunes from Sufferings, by their folemn Recantations * thofe were Mr. Alexander'RamJ'ey Bifhop of Dunkeld , Mr. George Graham Bifhop of Orkney , and Mr. James Fairly Bifhop of Ar- gile •, but the fourth , Mr. John Guthry Bifhop of Murray , as he chofe not to flee, fo upon no terms would he recant, but patiently endured Ex- communication, Imprifonment, and other Suffer¬ ings, and in the midft of them flood to the Juiti- fieation of Epifcopal Government until his Death. Many Copies of the Covenant were fent through the Country to the feveral Presbyteries, Burroughs, and Parifhes, to be fubfcribed ^ which was every where done with Joy, except in the North parts, where many oppos'd it. ( 3 * ) Upon the noife of the general acceptance which the Covenant had, the Council met again at Ster¬ ling upon the loth, of March, and fent up Sir John Hamlet on, Juftice Clerk, to inform the King how Bufinefs went •, who at his return upon the 20th. of April , deliver’d to the Council a Letter from his Majefty, wherein he call’d for the Lord Trea- furer, the Lord Privy Seal, and the Lord Lorn , to repair to Court, that he might confult with them what to do. Thofe three went up immediately , and after Conference with them, his Majefty refolv’d to fend down James , Marquifs of Hamlet on, Com- miftioner, with Power to fettle all. The Lord Lorn return’d upon the 20 th. of May, but the Trealurer and Privy Seal remain’d at Court until the Commifhoner was ready to take Jour¬ ney •, and the reafon of Lorn' s haft, was talk’d to be a Counfel, that his Father, (the Earl of Argile , who refided at Court) gave the King, which was to keep his Son with him, arid not let him return to Scotland, or elfe he would wind, him a pin, (that was his Expreflion) The King thank’d Argile - for his Counfel, but faid. He behoov'd to be a ' King of his Word, and therefore having call’d him up by his Warrant, would not detain him. So Lorn was demitted, and came quickly home, and was the firft that told of his Majefty’s pur- pofe to fend the Marquifs of Hamleton-, and in¬ deed when the noife of it fpread, the few that re¬ main’d Anti-Covenanters were much difcouraged, expecting no good by him; yea , they fpar’d not in their publick Difcourfes to revive the Story of that Debate which had been betwixt the Lord Rae and David Ramfey , concerning his pretenfi- ons to the Crown, and many other things to the Noble Mans difadvantage. But ( 5* ) Bat few of the Minifters were fo much court* ed by the Noblemen, as thofe who the year paft had come over from Ireland , in regard they found by their Pulfe how ready they would be to go with them to the utmoft of their defigns. Where¬ as they had fufpicion of many others ( and not without caufe ) that how foon they fhould go beyond that which they call’d Reformation of the Church, and encroach upon the King, they would fall away.- The fpeedy provifion for thofe Minifters was heartily recommended by the Noblemen, and accordingly Mr. Robert Blair was planted in Aire, Mr. Janies Hamleton in Dumfrize , and the reft of them in Galloway and the places adjacent, all be¬ ing Vacant by the flight of thofe who had for¬ merly ferved there *, who for their difaffe&ion to the Covenant, were fo perfecuted by the People, that they found no way to fave their Lives but by prefent abondoning their Country. By this time returned from the North the Earl of Mon- trofs , Mr. Alexander Hcnderfon , and Mr. David Dick , who had been fent thither upon this oc- cafioa It was prefumed that the influence which the Town and Clergy of Aberdeen had upon the Shires adjacent, was the caufe of their averfenefs from the Covenant*, and therefore were they employed to go there and work their Converfion. At their firft arrival, no Minifters from the Nor¬ thern parts came to them, except only Mr. Andrew Cant , Minifterat Datfilgow j yet they had the con¬ fidence to engage in difpute with the Doctors of Aberdeen , and there palled betwixt them Re : plies and Duplies on bothfides, which were Print¬ ed. The Anti-covenanters boafted that their Doctors had the Victory in the Difpute •, which was ( J3 ) Was not to be admir’d, for Mr. Disk and Mr. Cant could * make little help to Mr. * give Henderfon , and for him, (though it can- hot be deny’d that he was a Learned Man) yet, without wronging him, it may be thought, that he could not well hold up againft all thofe Do^ €lors, who for their Eminency in Learning were Famous not only at home, but alfo throughout other Churches abroad. Always howbeit thole Do&ors continu’d obfti- nate, (whereby thereafter they come to be fo per^ fecuted, chat for faving their Lives they were for* ced to flee out of their Country) yet Montrofs , with the alftftance of thofe three Minifters, (whom Mr. F ortefter in his Litany call’d the Apofties of the Covenant) prevail’d with many of the Citi¬ zens to fubfcribe the Covenant, and by their Ex^ ample had the like fuccels with molt of the Mi- hifters and People throughout the Shires adjacent 5 and fo being accompany’d with a great multitude of Ptofelytes, they return’d to Edinburgh in due time to wait upon the Treaty with my Lord Commilfioner his Grace. The day whereon the Commiflioner came from Dalkeith to ho/yrood Houfc , he paf’d by the Sands of Leith , upon the knowledge whereof, the Noble Men made all the People to be drawn forth to that place, whereby his Grace might fee the Numbers •, the Minifters kept in a Body by them- felves, and had William Levinfton Minifter at Lanrick , in readinefs to declaim an Oration to him, which being told him, he difcharg’d it. After his fettling in Holyrood Houfe , the Cove¬ nanters nominated to attend his Grace, and treat upon the Affairs, John Earl of Rothes , James Earl of Morton , and John , Lord Londore , and D With ( 34 5 ' with them Mr. Alexander Henderfon , David Dick , and Andrew Cant. At the firft meeting his Deportment to them was (lately and harfh,fothat upon the 4th. of July he caus'd to be publifh’d at the Crofs of Edinburgh A Proclamation, tending rather to approve than condemn the Service Book, and other Novations complain’d on, which was folemnly protefted a- gainft by many thoufands prefent} and the Prote¬ ction was read by Mr. Archibald Johnfton , and Inftruments taken in the Hands of three Notarys * which was done by the Earl of Caffels in the Name of the Nobility, by Mr. Alexander Gibfon of Dury the younger in the Name of the Gentry, by James E/etcher Provoft of Dundee , in the Name of the Burroughs, and by Mr. John Hare in the Name of the Minilters^ and the faid Mr. Archibald Johnfton was Reader thereof, in the Name of all who adhered to the Covenant. Upon the morrow thofe Lords and Minifters return’d to his Grace, and found him more plau- fible in Treating with them, even publickly before Roxbrough , Southesk , the Treafurer Depute, and Juftice Clerk, and other Councellors that were prefent*, but that which came to be moll talk’d of, was fomething which at their parting he told them In private*, for having defir’d thofe Lords of Coun¬ cil to Ray in that Chamber till his return, himfelf convoy’d them thro’ the Rooms, and ftepping in¬ to the Gallery, drew them into a corner, and then exprefs’d himfelf as follows. My Lords and Gentlemen, I fpske to you before thofe Lords oj Council as the King's Commaffioner ^ now there being none prefent but your felves, I /peak to you as a kindly Scotchman: \f you go on with courage and resolution , you will carry what you ( JS ) you pleafe } but if you faint and give ground in the leaf , jw# rf/r undone: A Word is enough to wife Men. This having been fpoken in private, I fhould not have mentioned, were it not that it came fhortly after to be publick, and reports anent it were fo different, that fome made it better, and others worfe than it was. My Warrants for what I have fet down are thefe, i ft. That the fame very day Mr. Cant told it to Dr. Guilds who the next morning reported it to Mr. David Douglas Minifter at Cooper , and Mr. Robert Knox Minilter at Kelso, and to Mr. Henry Guthry Minifter at Sterline. 2ly. The laid Henry being that night with the Earl of Montrofs at Supper, his Lordlhip drew him to a Window, and there told it in the very lame terms wherein Dr. Guild had reported it to him •, adding that it wrought an impreftion on him to doubt that my Lord Hamilton might in¬ tend by this bulinefs, to advance his diligence * but that he would fufpend his judgment until he faw farther, and in the meantime look more nar¬ rowly to his walking. The Commiffioner, to avoid the Indi&ion of an Affembly and Parliament, lay quiet at Holy rood- Houfe , and after fome days abode there, retired to his Houfe at Hamilton. * Always the next day the Lords * However and Minifters returned to his Grace again, and after fome debates told him plainly, that nothing but a Parliament and General Af¬ fembly could fettle bulinefs. His Grace craved leifure to make a Journy to Court for procuring the fame^ whereunto they agreed, and fo he went away upon the 9th of July , promiling to return L> 2 with ( 0 ) with his Majeftiy’s anfwer before the nthofJ#- gift: And to pacifie them a little, did (before his going away) fend a Proclamation to the Mercat Crofs of Edinburgh , for the Council and Seflion to Sit there again, which was pre- fently obeyed. Upon the 8th of Auguft the Commiflioner re¬ turned, and the morrow declared in Council that he had obtained from his Majefty allowance to indift a Parliament and Affembly, provided the Covenanters fhould firft condefcend to fome preparatory Articles. Whereupon peaceable Men trafficked much to difpofe them to a Condefcen- tion, but all in vain *, for thofe Articles being up¬ on the 13 th day offered to them, were reje&ed. After which his Grace told them that his Inftru- ttions did not warrant him to grant any Parlia¬ ment and Affembly, until his Majefty were fur¬ ther fupplicated * and therefore defired time un¬ til the 20th of September to go to the King for that end, which upon the 25th of Auguft was by them condefcended unto, upon Condition that thereafter no delays fhould be fought. So that day his Grace began his Journey to Court. And in hisabfence there was a Treatife Printed at Edinburgh and fpread, holding out reafons for the Churches power to keep Aflemblies with¬ out the Magiftrate’s allowance in cafe of his averfenefs, which fhewed the defign intended, in cafe his Majefty fhould happen to refufe. The Commiflioner returned upon the 17 th of September , and having convened the Council, his Grace and the whole Lords thereof (according to his Majefties command) did upon the 22th day fubfcribe that Covenant which of old in the Year 1580, had been fubfcrib’d by King James and C 37 > his Council, and by the Body of the Land; and they alfo by Proclamation at the Crofs of Edin¬ burgh difcharg’d the Service-Book, the Book of Canons, and High Commifiion, declaring the Perths Articles to have no force, and indided a General A {Terribly to fit at Glafgoe upon the 24th. of November 1638, and a Parliament at Edinburgh upon the iyth. of May 1639. Upon the hearing thereof all moderate Men were overjoy’d, and expeding that the Covenant¬ ers would now be well fatisly’d, (and fo indeed would the moft part of them have been,that went on in fimplicity) but the Leaders, (whom the reft durft not contradid) inftead of acquiefcing, went boldly to the Market Crofs with a Proteftation, wherein, as they profefs’d to accept the Favours granted them in that Proclamation with Thanks, fo did they proteft againft the Tenor of it, as be¬ ing in other things not fatisfadory: Mr. Archibald John (Ion read their Proteftation, and Inftruments thereupon were taken in the Hands of their No- tarys, by James , Earl of Mont refs in the Names cl the Nobility, by Mr. Alexander Gibjon of Du¬ ty the younger in the Names of the Gentry, by George Petersfield Burgefs of Glafgoe , in the Name of the Burroughs, and by Mr. Henry Pol¬ lock in the Name of the Minifters* and Mr. Ar¬ chibald Johnfton was Reader thereof in the Names of all that adhered to the Covenant. This Carriage ftumbled very many, and made them apprehenfive, that the Leaders of the Bufi- nefs had more in their Defign than as yet they pro¬ fefs’d *, but they carry’d things with fo high an Hand, that none had the Courage to fpeak againft them *, all went along, tho’ with a fecret reludance • and it was no wonder, in regard, that by this time D 3 (the ( 3 * ) (the Lords of the Council excepted) they had well near engag’d the whole Nation to the Covenant, yea, even the moft part of the Highlanders alfo * thofe of them that had dependance upon theHoufe of Argile , fuch as the Counties of Argile , Lorn, Kintyre , Cowall and Brodalbin , were furious affert- ers of it, to gratifie their Superior the Lord Lorn, (who, altho’ he profefs’d to ftand by the King, and in every thing went along with the Council, yet was known to be cordial for the Covenanters, and to have intimate correfpondence with them) and for the reft, albeit in their Hearts they ab- horr’d the Covenant, (yet to avoid the wrath of Great Men, and thinking it the moft probable way to efcape Suffering) they alfo went along with the Multitude. The Commiffioner fince the indiftion of the Af- fembly and Parliament, lay quiet at Holy rood-* Houfe , and after fome days abode there, retired to his Houfe of Hamlet on, to wait upon the Diet of the Aftembly. But the Noble Men and certain Commifiioners of the other Eftates, abode ft ill at Edinburgh , and kept up their Tables there, for preparing Matters for the Aftembly. And firft, that with the more Legality they might have the Bifhops fecluded from claiming to be Members thereof, their Tables appointed the feveral Presbyteries where Bifhops had refided, to fummon them (as Trefpafiers) to the Aftembly, fome of them for Faults alledg’d in their Calling, others in their Converfation, and fome for both, which was accordingly done. Next the Tables at Edinburgh were careful to Inform the Presbyteries concerning the conftituent Members of the Aftembly, that there fhould be from C 39 ) From every Presbytery two Minifters at lead, and three at moft, together with one Ruling Elder. And as to the Qualifications of the Minifters that were to be chofen, to the end that fuch as they fufpe&ed to be falling from them might not be pitch’d on, they prelcrib’d divers Caveats to be look’d to in their EleHion; as that none ihould be chofen who had formerly been the King’s Chap» lains, or Members of Bilhops Chapters, or who had been Juftices of Peace, or upon the High Com- mifiion, and generally thole of whom they had not certain perfwafion that they were fix’d their way. And for the Ruling Elders, as there was to be but one from each Presbytery, fo they enjoyn’d that he Ihould be a well affe&ed Nobleman, if any fuch had Lands within the bounds of that Presbytery, and failing thereof a well affe&ed Gentleman; whereby it cams to pafs, that all the Noble Men who were furious in the Caufe, were Ele&ed either in one Presbytery or other, and fo became Members of the Anembly. And left their private Inftru&ions fent to the Presbyteries Ihould be publickly known, whereby their Adversaries might efteem them prelimitati¬ ons , and upon that account impugn the freedom of the Aflembly^ therefore at the receiving of them, the Brethren of each Presbytery took an Oath of Secrelle, which was very ill kept, for be¬ fore the Aflembly met, they were talk'd of every where, and brought to my Lord Commiflionefs knowledge. When the Diet of the Aflembly drew near, the Tables at Edinburgh confidefd how fit it would be, that belides the Commiffioners, the Gentry of fhe Country Ihould be drawn thither,to guard the D 4 Aflembly, ( 40 ) Affembly, and make it terrible to gainftyers ^ ioi which end they found out a pretty Device * up there were then fome Robbers * aloft in the ? re p ort High Lands,of whom they made the * Bruit to"pafs, that they would come down and befet the Ways, and do Violence to the Commif- fioners in their Journey to Glafgoe •, and that for preventing thereof, it was fit, that all who were zealous in the Caufe, fhould convoy their Corn- miflioners thither, and guard them during their fitting, which was done, The Aflembly fate down the 21 ft. of November^ 163 8,and old Mr. John Zfc//,Minifter of *i. e. Preach ^ Town, did Hreak up the Affembly. My Lord Ccmmiflioner being prefent, wa§ at¬ tended by the Lords of Council, amongft which was my Lord Lorn, (who is to be hereafter call’d Earl of Argile, upon his Father’s Death, which fell out at that tin*) his Lordfhip attended my Lord Commiffioner as a Privy Counfellor, not having as yet declar’d himfelf avowedly for the Covenant. Mr. Alexander Henderfon was chofen Modera¬ tor of the Affembly, Mr. Archibald jfohnfton Clerk, my Lord..Commiffioner, (attended by the Council) fate in the Affembly until the 28th. day, debating concerning the feclufion of the Bifhops, and other things tfiat belong’d to the Conftitution thereof^ and getting np fatisfaHion, did that day at four a Clock in the Afternoon withdraw, and the next morning at nine a Clock did, by a Proclamation at the Market Crofs of Ghlfgoe , difcharge the Affembly, under pain of Treafon^ which was fo- lemnly protefted againft by many hundreds there prefent, and inftruments taken thereupon in their Names by the Earl of Rothes, Notwith- (40 Notwithftanding the Proclamation, the AfTem- My prefently thereafter met, and fat daily, for divers weeks, until they had done their Affairs, and were themfelves pleas'd to diffolve. The Earl of Argile came in that day to the Af- fembly, and fate conftantly there until the clofe •, his joining them caus’d great rejoycing, yet many thought the ftrain of the Difcourfe he made at his entry, wanted of that prudence which might have been expe&ed from him* for it was to this effeft, T hat from the beginning he had been theirs , and mould have taken that Caufe by the hand as foon as any of them did , if it had not been , that he con¬ ceiv'd that his prof effing hitherto for the King , and going along with his Council , was more available to them , than if he had declar'd himfelf at fir ft for them . * Always Argile' s Example, together * never , with my Lord Commiffioner’s fo quiet tbetefs Deportment, being in the midft of the Country where his Power lay, wrought fo upon the Lords of the Council, and other Noble Men alfo, (who had formerly flood out) that many of them, during the time of the Affembly, and others of them fhortly after, join’d to the Covenanters. The chief things that were done in the Affem¬ bly were thefe, all preceeding General Affemblies fince the Year 1605 were declar’d null; the Ser¬ vice-Book, the Book of Canons, the Book of Or¬ dination, the High Commiffion, together with the five Articles of Perth , were all condemn’d ^ that Covenant which had been allow’d in the Year 1580 by King fames , and this to be declar’d fuh? flantially one, and that Epifcopacy was in the for¬ mer abjur’d. The Bifhops were all depos’d, and moft part of them excommunicated, (tjrofe being excepted from that < 42 ) that Cenfure that fubmitted to the Affembly) ma¬ ny Miniiters were alfo depos’d, and Commiffion- ers appointed to fit in feveral places after the rifing of the Affembly, for depofing the reft, that fhouid happen to perfift in oppofing the Work * and or¬ dain’d Mr. Henderfons Tranfportation from he ri¬ ch ears to Edinburgh , they concluded that a Letter fhouid be fram’d and fent to the King, for obtain¬ ing his Royal Affent for all things that were done. So upon the 20th. day of December 1638 the Aflembly rofe in Triumph. And upon the 24th. the Commiffioners autho¬ riz’d by the Affembly. The Commiffioners who fate at Edinburgh need¬ ed no long procefs with the Minifters thereof, in regard the fear of Violence had forc’d them all to flee, except Mr. Andrew Ramfey , and Mr. Henry Rollock , who were both forward in the Caufe,, and fo not liable to Cenfure. The firft that was brought there to draw in the Yoke with them was Mr. Alexander Henderfon , and to his Kirk of Lenchars w r as prefented Mr. Eleazer Borthwick , (he who formerly had ftay'd iome Years at London Trafficking with Non-Con- fbrmifts there) but before he had remain’d two Months at the laid Kirk, he was by the Leaders of the Caufe quietly fent back again to London , to profecute that Trade, where he ftay’d till his death. Like as the Earl of Haddington , who, after his Father’s Death, had gone up to kifs the King’s Hand, remain’d there at that time, and it was whifper’d, that under profeffion of waiting on his Majefty, he tranlaHed that fame Bufinefs with the Nobles, (wffiich Borthwick did with the Citi¬ zens, arid others of the inferior Rank) and thereof ( 4 ? ) kept intelligence with the Earl of Rothes his Bro¬ ther in Law at home. In the end of December my Lord Commiffioner began his Journey to Court, having left the Coun¬ try, (fince the rifing of the Affembly) all in an Uproar. 1639 A ND upon the 9 th. of January , 1639, Mr. George Windrom of Liberton was Lent to Court with the AfTemblies Letter to the King, and as foon as the Marquifs of Hamilton told the King of his Arrival and Errand, the King commanded his Lordfhip to receive the Letter from Mr. Win¬ drow ^ and having upon the 15 th. day conven’d the Scottifh Council, caus’d the Letter to be read in their prefence, and crav’d their opinion * anent it, who all with one Voice faid * concerning it was a molt humble and well penn’d Letter •, whereupon his Majefty took his anfwer- ing of it into deliberation, and Ihortly thereafter fent down a Letter to his Council here, (which was read upon January the 29 th.) bearing, that for the better fettling of Scott iff? Matters, he would be at lock again!! the firft of April , and would call the Scotch Council to come there and give him advice. Notwithftanding hereof, the Noble Men and Minilters that remain’d at Edinburgh , and had the leading of the Bulinefs, profefs’d to have intelli¬ gence , that the King intended nothing but War, and was uling his endeavours to raife an Army, wherewith to invade this Land j and upon that ground, (* albeit as yet there was no *althd anfwer from Mr. Windrom 3 who returned not C 44 ) not before March 21) they call’d a General Meet¬ ing of Noble Men and of Commiflioners from the other Eftates, to meet at Edinburgh upon the 20th. of February , for refolving upon a defenfive War, And being conven’d, and the Bufinefs for which they were brought there propounded, a Paper fetting forth realons for the lawfulnels and neceft fity of a defenfive War, (being contriv’d by Bal- marinoch , Hope, and Henderfon , before hand) was read in the Meeting, whereupon all the Noble Men and others conven’d, profefs’d they conceiv’d fuch clearnefs in the Queftion, that inftantly all of them with one Voice confented to the Lifting of an Army, and Voted General Lefley to be Gene- •ral thereof. Immediately thefe Reafons were difpers’d thro’ all parts of the Kingdom, for procuring an Uni¬ versal conlent, and Orders therewith fent to the Minifters every where to frame their Do&rine to¬ wards that end. And upon the 21ft. of March the General, ac¬ company’d with the People of Edinburgh , and all other Covenanters that were in Town, went, and without any difpute had the Caftle of Edinburgh furrender’d, Mr. Archibald Haldon , Conftable thereof, having no Provifion for holding it out*, for albeit in October laft the Lord Commifiioner jhad been careful to buy out the Earl of Marr , (formerly Keeper thereof) and get the Houfe in his own pofiefiion, yet his Grace forgot to furnifh it afterwards either with Men or Meat^ fo that when General Lefley came before it, there was not one Man more within, bur thofe few Servants, who, under the Earl of Marr, had the keeping of it in time of Peace ^ neither had they one Nights Proyifton by them. There* ( 4$ ) Thereafter the General, accompany’d as before^ went the 23 th. of March to Dalkeith , (which theti belong’d to the King) and having the Houfe fur- render’d to him, brought from thence to the Ca¬ ttle of Edinburgh , (which now he had Garrifon’d) great ftore of Powder and Arms, which the Earl of Tr^a/V,(High Treafurer)had privately brought home from London , for the King’s ufe *, and his Lordfhip was fo unfortunate, that very fhortly it came to be believ’d, that himfelf was the Man that put the General upon the Prize. While the General was thus employ’d, there came a report from the North, that the Aberdo¬ nians were Fortifying their Town, and the Mar- quifs of Huntley and his Friends drawing into a Body *, whereupon the General and his Council, then at Edinburgh , appointed the Earl of Montrofs with all diligence to * levy * raife the Life , Strothern, Angus , and Merne , Countries of and March North, for fuppreffing their Infolence^ which he did with fuch wonderful ce¬ lerity, that upon the 30th. of March he Charg’d Aberdeen , and indeed the Defendants were fo frighted at his approach, that without difpute they fubmitted to him, and demoliflfd their For¬ tifications : Some fiery Minifters that attended him urg’d no lefs, than that he fhould burn the Town, and the Soldiers prefs’d for liberty to plunder it, but he was more noble than to hearken to fuch cruel Motions, and fo drew away his Army with¬ out harming them in the leaft. And March’d towards the Marquifs of Huntley , who, upon the notice of his approach, disbanded his Forces, and fent fome Friends to Treat, (hira- felf retiring in the mean time to his Houle of Strabogie , to wait for an anfwer) and when his Meffengeq ( 46 ) Meflengers return’d and deliver’d him Montrofs's ®an inftru- anfwer, he came immediately thereafter menp or himfelf to falute him, and upon the fifth Written of April fubfcrib’d a * Writ fubftanti- Pa P er ally the fame with the Covenant, and convoy’d Montrofs to Aberdeen , as being now on his fide; yet fuch was his levity, that • receded the next day he * re filed from the Writ he had fign’d *, whereupon Montrofs refto- red it to him, and brought him and his eldelf Son, the Lord Gordon to Edinburgh , *k'P* where they were * warded in the Caftle: njoners g ut ^ f econc [ g on ^ t h e Lord Aboyne , fubfcrib’d the Covenant, and therefore Montrofs fuffer’d him to flay in the North. Upon further intelligence of his Majefty’s Pre¬ parations, after Montrofs'’ s return from the North, General Officers, Collonels, and other inferior Commanders were elefted ^ and a Committee of War appointed in every Shire, for furthering the Levies, and a fourth Man throughout the whole Land appointed to be drawn forth with fpeed * likewife Meflengers were lent beyond the Sea for Arms and Ammunition, which was much further’d by the Scotch Factors in Camphire , who were all furious in the Caufe, and advanc’d much thereto, jefufing to be more Subjefts, in that Sir Patrick Drumm made Confervitor, adhered to the King. The Officers of the Army being all agreed on a Fortification of the Town of Leith , it was begun and advanc’d very fait, in regard, that befide the inferior fort, and fuch as wrought for Pay, incre¬ dible numbers of Voluntiers, and thofe of all forts, Noblemen, Gentlemen, and others wrought, and cone buffer in bearing the Rubbilh than Ladies of Honour. The ( 47 ) The next Cafe was, how to be provided of Moneys, and for this they infinuated with William Dick, at that time the moft confiderable Merchant in Scotland , and flatter’d him fo, that he, (being a Vain-Glorious Man) advanc’d them very great Sums, (whereby at laft he dy’d a Beggar) at the firft Four Hundred Thoufand Marks, and after¬ wards much more, for the which they caus’d him to be made Provoft of j Edinburgh, the Place being empty by Sir John Hays'" s flight into England , who, with Prefident Spot/wood, (who had alfo fled to elcape Violence) and the Sccttifh Bifhops, who did accufethe Earl of Traquair before the King, for his Treacherous Deportment in the * com- Scotch Bufinefs,and gave in great * Hit- plaints cr ties againft him before hisMajefty j but acclt f a ^ his Majefty would not be induc’d * to * believe take any hard Cauje with him , to the amifs of grief of all that were Loyal, and the encouragement of Rogues and Traitors. The King at that time was in Tork, and reports came home daily to our Great Ones from falfe Hearted Men about him, what his ProjeHs were, and at length, that he had attain’d to a confidera- ble Army, and propos’d fhortly to advance from Tork towards the Borders ^ whereupon (great ftore of Arms and Ammunition being arriv’d here from Zealand , and difpers’d to their feveral Shires, whereby the Soldiers were fufficiently Arm’d) the General and his Council fent new Advertifement through the Shires for the whole Regiments to March in all haft towards the South, and in their way to expert the General’s Orders where to have their Rendezvouz •, which was accordingly obey’d, for the Zeal of People in thofe Days made them, march like Jehu, Upon Upon the 21 ft. of May the King’s Navy, con- lifting of 20 great Ships, arriv’d in the Road of Leith ^ the Marquifs of Hamilton being Command¬ er thereof, and under him Sir John Pennington: There were faid to be in the Ships Three Thou- fand Soldiers for Land Service, befide as many as the Ships requir’d ^ upon report whereof, the Lord Aboyn took the Field again, with thofe of the Name of Gordon , and other Anti-Covenanters In the North, and fent an Invitation to the Mar¬ quifs of Hamilton , that he would be pleas’d to employ his Land Soldiers to join with them, Which his Lordftiip refus’d * yea, he was fo fa¬ vourable to his Native Country, that until the Pacification, which follow’d thereafter, he lay Hill in the Firth, and never attempted any thing at all. Yet Was not that the reafon why the Anti-Co* venanters at that time fpoke fo loudly of the Mar- quifs’s Difloyalty, but it was becaufe of Lome pri¬ vate Correfpondence his Lordftiip had with the Leaders of the Covenanted Faflion, which came to their knowledge ^ for they underftood how Mr. William Cunningham of Brovonhill was fent aboard to him, and that after his return,the next . ofJZj Night the Marquifs came aftioar by Boat to the * Links of Bartibugall at midnight, where my Lord Loudon met him, and had two Hours Conference with him* and that afterwards his Lordftiip return’d to his Ships, and Loudon to thofe that fent him. This coming to be known, furnifh’d occafion of much talking to his prejudice, and particularly it wrought upon the Earl of Mont refs , to enter* tain further iealoufie of his ways than before„ which neverthelefs he conceal’d for a long Ipace thereafter. By ( 49 ) . ,, fey this time mod part of the Regiments were march’d Southward, and before the General’s re¬ moving from Edinburgh , his Excellency and his Council of War, appointed Montrofs to commit his Regiment to his Lieutenant Collonel, and him* felf to go Northward, and raife the People of the Shires and Burroughs of Angus and Mrarncs , for fupprefling the Lord Aboyn and his Forces • which with fpeed he went about, and having levy’d a confiderable number , advanc’d towards them} they were reckon’d to be 2000 Foot and 300 Horfe, and he double the number, and more. The Encounter was at the Bridge of Dee , and the Matter for fome Hours well difputed on both fides, in the end Montrofs gain’d the Bridge, and routed them , but with little Blood Ihed , in re¬ gard of the Highlanders fwiftnefs in Hying, and that his Generous Mind was more eager tor Vi¬ ctory than Execution. Thofe in the North being fupprefs’d, Montrofs disbanded his Forces in Angus , and retired to his own Houfe, there to remain, expecting that the General and his Council fhould have invited him to come South and attend his Regiment-, which they negle&ing to do, he went not, but Hay’d at home until the return of the Army, which was Shortly after. For by that time the King having brought his Army within two Miles of Berwick, General Le- fey call’d all the Scottijh Regiments to Dunce , where they pitch’d on the 20th. of May. But both the Armies, (being in view of each other, tho’ feven Miles diftant) lay quiet, with¬ out attempting any thing, until the iecond of June 5 at which time the'&Wf lent by the Earl of Dumfermling a Supplication to the King for a E Treaty* ( SO ) Treaty, which his Majefty granted: The place of Treating was the Earl of ArrundeWs Tent, his Majefty’s General: From the Scottifh Army went thither the Earl of Rothes , Lord Londore , Sir Wil¬ liam. Douglas of Cavers , and Mr. Alexander Hen - derfon * at their firft arrival, the King came un¬ expectedly to that Tent, and gave them a Kifs of his Hand ^ after which, (with Lome Difcourfes that fell in) the Treaty was adjourn’d until the 13th. day, at which time they return’d, and went for¬ ward in Treating until the 18th. day, upon which happily the Treaty ended in Pacification. The chief Articles agreed on were, That, as the King would not own their Affembly of Glafgoe, fo neither fhould they be urg'd to difown it. That there fall be a full and free Affembly holden at Edinburgh upon Augult the 1 2th. and a Parlia¬ ment Auguft 2 6 . That in the mean tune both the Armies fhould Disband 5 all Captiv’d Prifoners and Places be ref or d to the owners ^ and mutual affurances from all Damages. The Agreement was upon that 18th. of June fign’d by the King, and his General and Council, and upon the morrow his General, and the Earl of Holland , and others came to Dunce , General Tefey’s Head Quarters, to fee it fign’d by him and his Council of War. And fo upon the 20th. day, being Thurfday, at Ten a Clock, both the Scottifh and Englifh Ar¬ mies disbanded, and retir’d peaceably homeward. One thing his Majelty excepted much again!!, which fell out at the disbanding of the Scottifh Army, he having, (according to Capitulation) fent the Earl of Morton to the Scottifh Army, to caufe Proclamation, bearing, That his Majefty own’d the Pacification, and therefore commanded them to C 5* ) to disband, his Proclamation was publickly pro- tefted againft by the Earl of Caf/les, in the Name of the reft. This did highly difpleafe the King, and in to- ken that it could not well be defended, When they were afterwards challeng’d * about * anent it, they deny’d it to have been a Proteftation, faying, That it was only a Decla¬ ration of their adherence to the Aflembly of Glaf- goe ■, yet the Armies were disbanded, and things were profecuted for a time, according to the Trea¬ ty 5 fo that the Earls of lVinton, Roxbrough, Lau- derdall, Haddington, and others that had been with the King, retired home. The Caftle of Edinburgh was upon the 22th. of June deliver’d to the Marquifs of Hamlet on , his Majefty’s Commiflioner, who prefently plac’d Ge¬ neral Ruthven in it; whereupon followed on the morrow thereafter, the 23 th. of Julie , the enlarge¬ ment of the Marquifs of Huntley , and his Son the Lord Gordon ; and alfo upon the 27 th. by my Lord Hamletori* s command, the King’s Navy re¬ tired out of the Firth towards England. Then were thofe that lov’d Peace fill’d with hope that other Troubles were ended, but that was foon check’d, by an accident which follow’d upon the 2. of July, and imported, that the Covenanters meant not to * Jit * flop there; for that day the Lord Tfeafu- rer, with my Lord Kinnowle, and General Ruth¬ ven, coming down from the Caftle through the Street of Edinburgh, the devout Wives, (who at firft put life in the Caufe) did now, (when it was in danger to be bury’d) reftore it again, by inva¬ ding them, and throwing Stones at them. E 2 That ( 5 2 ) That this breach of the Pacification had private allowance few doubted, in that thofe Women us’d not to run unfent, yet it was not publickly own’d 5 for upon the 4th. of July the Lord 'Loudon was difpatclfd to the King, (then at Berwick) to ex- cufe it, and returning brought an Order from his Majefty, requiring 14 of the Scots to repair to his Court at Berwick , with whom he *ihzrc ing might confult anent the way of his * incomeing to hold the Affembly and Parliament in Perfon. Thole were Argile , Rothes , Montrofs , Lothian , Cajjells , Dumfermling , Lindfey , Loudon , Sir Wil¬ liam Douglas of Cavers , Mr. He nderf on , Mr. Ar¬ chibald Johnfton , Provoft of Edinburgh , Edward Edgar , Bayliff there, and the Provoft of Sterling, Of thofe there went, upon the 16th. of July ^ Rothes , Montrofs, Lothian , Sir William Douglas , Edward Edgar, and Mr. Archibald Johnfton , and having kifs’d the King’s Hand, his Majefty com¬ manded them to fend back, poft for the reft, which they did. Whereupon they prepar’d, as if they intended to go, but had it fo contriv’d, that when they came to the Watergate to take Horfe, multitudes were convened there to ftop them, upon pretence, that if they went they would be detain’d. And fo it refolv’d in this, that the Lord Loudon fhould write an Excufe to the King, which came to his Hand the j 9th. day, but was not well taken. Upon the morrow thofe that were already with the King obtain’d difmifiion, upon promife that they fhould return and bring up the reft with them. But being come home, the Matter was confut¬ ed , and relolv’d that it was not lafe for them to g°> ( S3 ) go* whereupon Lindfry and Louden were fent to the King for excufing the Bufinefs , and return’d upon the 27th. of July , having left his Majefty fo ill fatisfy’d, to be thus diftrufted, that (inftead of coming to Scotland to hold the enfuing Affem- bly and Parliament in Perfon) he did on Monday 29 take his Journey for London. This was loudly exclaim’d upon by all that were apt to admit Prejudices againfthim, and imputed to fome advertifement from the Queen, and the Bilhop of Canterbury^ yet was there the lefs reafon to blame his Majefty for it, that before his removing he authoriz’d the Lord Treafurer to be his Commiflioner both at Affembly and Par¬ liament. The Affembly met at Edinburgh upon the 12 th. of Auguft , and the Lord Commiffioner fate daily therein, attended by the Lords of the Council. Mr. David Dick was chofen Moderator, who betray’d fuch weaknefs in that Employment, as made every one to fay, Alinuit pro fent ia Jam am j yea, it had been worfe with him, were it not that Mr. Henderfon fate at his Elbow as his Coadjutor. Upon the 17th. of Auguji the Affembly made an A&, condemning Epifcopacy as unlawful, and contrary to the Word of God, whereunto my Lord Commiflioner gave his affent •, and alfo upon the 30th. day the Affembly made another Ac!, appro^ ving and ratifying the Covenant, and ordaining the fame to be fworn unto, and fubfcrib’d by all the Members of the Kingdom, whereunto alfo his Grace affented. And the very day when this laft Ac! was made and approved, the Affembly took into confidera- tion how the Univerfities might be provided of Profeffors, fjnce many that ferv’d there had fled E 3 away* * Students in Divinity ( 54 away *, and herein they did wifely, for * influenced feeing the People of Scotland are much * aided by their Minifters Doffrine, it was to good purpofe for them to plant fuch Men therein as would Principle young * Theologues their way, where- of they had the more need , becaufe by this time the Old Minifters faw fo far into their Defign, that divers of them were falling from them, and fo no way remain’d to keep the Church conftant- iy on their fide, but that young ones, (who were to fucceed when they were gone) Ihould be bred towards a liking of their Courfe. As tor the College of Edinburgh there needed no pains to be taken, in regard Mr. f principal John Adamfon * primer thereof was furious enough in their Caufe , albeit many thought it was not from Perfwafion, but in Policy, to efchew their Wrath. And for St. Andrews, the Mother of the reft, Mr. Samuel Rutherford was brought from a * Landward Kirk in Galloway to be principal Mafter of the Theolo¬ gy College there, and to ftrengthen his Hands the more, Mr. Robert Blair was tranfported from Air to be Minifter in that Town, the former Mi¬ nifters, Dr. Gladflone and Dr. Wifeheart , having both been driven away by Perfection. It was alfo thought upon to tranfport Mr. Da¬ vid Dick from Truine to be a Prcfefior in Glafr floe, which ftiortly after came to pafs j for albeit his weaknefs for that Profeifion was generally known, yet, in regard he was very feditious, and had a pragmatical way of dealing with young Folks, * towards that end the Leaders of the Caufe thought that his fettling f Country Church f for that reafon ( 55 ) fettling there might be profitable to them. And as for Aberdeen , until they Ihould fall up¬ on fuch ProfelTors, in whom they might confide, it was determin’d that Mr. Andrew Cant ihould be tranfported to be a Minifter in that Town ? which afterwards was done. This defign in placing fuch Men in the Univer- fities, was not taken notice of by tliofe that had the charge of his Majefty's Affairs, yet did it in progrefs of time prove the molt effeftual means whereby that Caule prevail’d} for when thofe young Men, (who had their Breeding under them) came forth to be Minifters in the Church, they were incomparably furious, and therein outftripp’d the eider Men, (even of their own Judgment) fo far, that if any of them happen’d (upon any oc- cafion) to fpeak of any thing that favour’d of Mo¬ deration, they were therefore reckon’d Laodicean Politicians, &c. the madnefs of the time being fuch, that thofe who were moft cruel were molt cry’d up. The Parliament fate down the 31ft. of Augufl , my Lord Commiffioner being prefent therein. All the A£!s of the Alfembly were ratified by Parliament, with his Grace’s allowance, and then it was expe&ed that the Parliament ihould have rifen, being only indi&ed for that end. But the Leaders of the Caufe had farther Pro- je£ts, and inftead of riling propos’d a number of new Motions concerning the Conftitution of Par¬ liaments, and other things never Treat¬ ed on before, * whereanent the Com- * concerning fnilhoner told them he had no Inftru- which £tions. Mcntrofs argued fomewhat againft thofe Mo¬ tions , for which thp Zealots became fufpicious E 4 of C 5^ ) of him, that the King had turn’d him at his be* ing with his Majelly in Berwick , yet they feem’d to take little notice thereof, only the vulgar, (whom they us’d to hound out) whifper’d in the Streets to his prejudice ^ and the next Morning he found affix’d upon his Chamber Door a Paper, With tliele words written in it: lpvitfus Annis , verbis vincitur. The Conteft encreafing betwixt the Commiflk oner and them about thofe Motions, his Grace ac¬ quainted the King therewith, who wrote to him to prorogue the Parliament, and repair to Court ^ which being told the Eltates, they prefs’d that the prorogation might be with the confent of the * departure Eftates > and u P on Eis re f ufal they op¬ pos’d bis * way-going. Whereupon he delay’d his Voyage, and fent the Earl of Kinnowle to reprefent the Matter to the King ^ like as the Eftates fent up Dumfermling and Loudon for their Intereft, who being arriv’d, were difcharg'd from coming within a Mile of the Court ^ whereupon they return’d without ac~ eels. And the King by his Letters commanded the CommilTioner to prorogue them till the 2 day of June, 1 640 , without their confent, which being dene upon the firft of November, they protefted to the contrary ^ and the Proteftation, (being pre¬ par'd before hand) was prefently read by Mr. Ar¬ chibald. John ft on, and Inltruments thereupon taken by the Earl of Rothes j fo the Parliament disband¬ ed for that time. And the next day my Lord Commilfioner be¬ gan his Journey to Court. As pkewife upon the 17th. of November Mr u William Cunningham of Brownhall was fent up by the ( 57 ) the Committee of Eftates with a Supplication to his Majefty, for a Proclamation for Com million- ers to come thither and clear his Majefty 5 s Scru¬ ples. The Commilfioner return’d December 18, and Upon the morrow tranfported privately from dior lyrood Houfe to the Caftle of Edinburgh , the Crown, with other Regal Honours * yet was fo unfortunate, as even in that to be efteemed faith¬ ful to the Caufe, in regard that before Night it came to be publickly known. L * Always having done that Bufinels * However he came for, his Grace return’d next day to Court-, and upon the 23 th. of December arriv’d Mr. William Cunningham , and brought with him a Proclamation for Commiffioners to repair to Court. 1640. W Hereupon did affemble at Edinburgh upon the 14th of January , 1640, a great meet¬ ing of the Eftates and prime Minilters (without whom nothing could be done) and Commiffionated to go up to London , Dumfermling , Loudon , the Sheriff of T ivildale and Mr. Robert Berkley Bur- gefs of Icwin , who began their Journy Jan. 31* The next emergent concerned two of his Ma- jelly’s Ships, which upon the 5th arrived in Lieth Road, and lent a Meffenger afhoar, to deliver the Provoft and Bayliffs of Edingurgh a Letter from his Majefty, wherein he commanded them under pain of Treafon, to convey with a ftrong f uard to the Caftle of Edinburgh the Men and urniture which was in the Ships, x ; The ( *8 ) The Provoft and Bayliffs having confulted the Noblemen and others that were in Town, got their allowance to obey the command, and fo up¬ on the 12th day they were fafely convey’d to the Caftle, being in Number i oo Soldiers, Muskets So, with as many Pikes, with fome Canon, Pow¬ der, And upon the Morrow was Pent up (to fhew his Majelty their ready obedience) George JVal- chop Burgefs, who returning upon February 26, reported, that upon the 20th day the Commifiio- ners had killed the King’s hand, but that he re¬ fus’d to hear them •, and had appointed them to give in writing to the Earl of Traquair whatfo- ever they would fay: As alfo that the * defacd Com.miflioners * willed him to adver¬ tize their Friends at home to expefl: War*, the King having (for getting afliftance thereto) call'd a Parliament in England to meet April 13. Whereupon (without any farther certainty) were fent for all the Noblemen, Commiftioners of Shires and Burghs, and leading Minifters to convene at Edinburg upon March the 10th, and being met, concluded the levying of an Army * and ordered the Minifters prefent to advife the Brethren throughout the Land to frame their Do¬ ctrine accordingly. The harmony at this conclufion was not fo cordial as the Year before:, for, feeing Religion was now (according to their defires) fettled both in Affembly and Parliament^ they could hardly perfwade Men to believe it to be the ftate of the Queftion *, many conceived the Defign tobeagainft: the King, and whifper’d * anent it ^ but » a ^ QUt they on the other fide t waxed the f pew more ( $9 ) rnore infolentand bold, by reafon of an Advertife^ ment they received of what had befallen the Commilftoners at London , for they had certainty that the Lord Loudon was imprifoned in the Tower, and the reft arrefted and delivered in Keeping to feveral, the occafion whereof was this. The Parliament of England having met April 13th, the King in his Speech enveigh’d againft the Proceedings of the Scots , and produced a Letter fubfcrib’d in April 1639 by many of their great Ones to the King of France for his affiftance •, which Letter had come to his Tvlajefty's hands by this providence. At the fubfcribing of it there happened to be fome of the great Men abfent, whom thofe prefent wilh’d alfo might fubfcribe it: For which end they committed the Letter to Mr. Archibold Jobnfion , appointing him as he found opportunity to get their hands to it ^ bur through negligence he loft it out of his Pocket, and fo it pafs’d from one to another, until it fell into Sir Donald Gorram\ Hand, who deliver’d it to the Earl of Traquair, and he to the King. The mifcarriage of this Letter they fupply’d af¬ terwards by another of the fame ftrain, to the French King, with one to Cardinal Richlieu , both which were fent to France by Mr. Col¬ ville Brother to Sir Robert Co hill of * However Cleifh. * Always of that Letter which (thro* mifcarriage) came to the King’s Hand, he made his own ufe * and'indeed the Parliament of , England was fo affeHed therewith, as to be con¬ curring to that Courfe, which was taken with the Scottijh Commiffioners, wherein the Lord Loudon had a harder meafure given him than the reft, be- caufe his Eland was found at the Letter. This ( to be little regarded. fFnm ' fi But he cared for none of thofe things, and fo began to March downwards to the Brays or An - gw, altho’ he knew there was little Work for his Highlanders there, for the Houfe of Airly, which was the only place that (in thofe Fields) had been Fortify’d for the King’s Service, was furrender’d to the Earl of Montrofs before his Marching to the South, who had plac’d therein Collonel Sib- bttld, and writ to the Earl of Argile, that he need- F ed ( 66 ) f in their Hands , or Pojftfiion. ed not to be at the pains to draw his People thither, feeing the Houfe was already f gain'd. But the Earl of Argile , (whether it was to dis¬ oblige Montrofs , or to keep his Highlanders in exercife, I (hall not determine) did neverthelefe advance, and coming before the Houfe, call’d Col» lonel Sibbald to come forth and fpeak with him, which he did, (being at that time on the feme fide of the Caufe) whereupon Argile commanded to call open the Gate and bring his Soldiers forth. So upon July the 6th. Argile return’d to his Houfe, and ftay ? d there for a Week, his Highland* ers in the mean time Pillaging all the Country about very miferably. And thereafter, having difmantled and flighted the Houfe, he did upon the 14th. lead them Northward to Glenylle, where they burnt Farther^ another Houfe belonging to the Earl Airly , and from thence return’d homeward, laden with as much PI under as they were able to tranfport. Upon the lad Tuelday of July the general Af- fembly fete down at Aberdeen , without any Com- miftion from his Majelfy. Where the firft thing that occurred was, the receiving of Mr. John Fatterfon of Foveren into the Covenant-, he had at firft fled to England to avoid it, but fhortly after repented, and came home again, and upon his application to his Pres¬ bytery, was referred to the general Alfembly, be¬ fore which he made a Recantation Sermon, where¬ with the Alfembiy profefs’d to have fo full fetis- fablion, that he was recew’d to their tellowfhip. ^ Tire next thing done therein was, an A6t againft Conventicles, (call’d by the owners thereof pri¬ vate Meetings) wmcii was upon this ocufion. A$< (*7 ) As foon as Epifcopacy had been thruft out of this Church, there came from England one Tho¬ mas Levinfton , a Taylor, and another, one Mr. Cornell , a Chiturgeon, (both fuppos’d to favouf the Browniftical way) and from Ireland. a * fleet of Scottifh People, who being * god s diffatisfy’d with the Forms of that Church, had long ago forfaken the publick Af- femblies thereof and betaken themfelvcs to Con¬ venticles j of thole the molt eminent were the Laird of Lecky , and one John Kelfoe • thele arri¬ ving in the Welt of Scotland f trafficked ± with the People in thofe parts, to com¬ ply to their way of Peeking Edification by private Meetings-, wherein their lirccefs was the greater, in that Mr. David Dick , Mr. Robert Blair , Mr. Samuel Rutherford, and others, were fa id to coun¬ tenance them therein. Upon the hearing whereof, the founded of the Mini Iters throughout the Land were deeply affect¬ ed, (doubting that Courfe might lead to Brownifrri in the end) fuch as Mr. Andrew Ran/fey, Mr. A- lexander Henderfon , Mr. William Colvill , Mr.' David Dalglcifh , Mr. Robert Knox , Mr. Edward Wright , Mr. Henry Guthry , and many more, ef- pecially Mr. David Calderwood , (who in the time of his exile had feen the wild follies of the Eng - lifh Brownifts in Arnheim and Amfcrdam ) and therefore at the former general Alfembly in Edin¬ burgh , in the Year 16^9, thefe purpofed to have had an Aft againft the fame but Mr. David Dick , Mr. Robert Blair , Mr. Samuel Rutherf ord , and the reft of their Stamp, oppos’d that Motion, and propos’d inftead thereof, that there lliould be a Conference, whereby Brethren might unite their Judgments upon the Queftion, and afterwards by F 2 private ( 68 ) : Admonition they would prevail with thole to amend what was amifs. This was hearken’d to, and the Conference was at Mr .Alexander Henderfon* s Chamber, where were prefent on the one part the laid Mr. Alex¬ ander henderfon , Mr. Andrew Ram/ey , Mr. Da¬ vid Colder wood , Mr. William Colvilf Mr. David Dalgleifh , Mr. Edvoard Wright , and Mr. Henry Guthry •, on the other part, Mr. David Dick Mo¬ derator of the general Affembly, Mr. Robert Blair y Mr. Samuel Rutherford , Mr. James Hamilton , Mr. John Levinf on , Mr. John Macklellan , and Mr. George Dicky and after Reafoning at feveral Di¬ ets, in the end Mr. Dick and all his adherents pafs’d from the point, and agreed unanimoufly to this Conclulion, viz. 1 hat whatfoever had been the ejfefls of private Meetings of P erfons from divers Families for Religious Exercife in time of Trouble or Corr ruption , (in which Cafe many things may be commendable , which other wife are not tolera¬ ble ) yet now when God hath Blefs'd us with Peace , and with the Purity of the Gofpcf they could not but difallow them , as tending to the hindrance of the Exercifes of each Fa¬ mily by it felf to the prejudice of the publick Minijby , and to the rending of particular Congregations , and by progrefs of time of the whole Kirk , befides many Offences that may come thereby , to the hardning of the Hearts of Natural Men , and the grief of the Godly. This Conclulion being agreed upon, was fub- fcrib’d in all their Names that had been upon the Conference, by Mr. Alexander Henderfon for the one ( 69 ) one part, and Mr. David Dick for the other, and the cuftody of the Paper committed to Mr. Hen¬ ry Gutbry. Like as Mr. David Dick, and his adherents, did undertake, by their Admonitions, to reclaim thefe Conventiclers, and make them leave that wav. Whereupon the Brethren of the other part went from the Conference well fatisfy’d, but the event declar’d they made no Confcience of what they had undertaken, and that whatfoever they had condefcended to, was only to put by that Aflem- bly. For afterwards they were lo far from perform¬ ing what they had promis’d, that their Admoni¬ tions turn’d to Encouragements, whereby the Con¬ venticlers grew more bold than formerly, and pre¬ vail’d with People fo generally throughout the Weft, that they met with no rub, until they came the length of Sterling where they found fo harflj entertainment, as made them quickly to with¬ draw, efteeming that Town an unhallowed place^ yet elfewhere they found welcome enough, (even in Edinburgh it felf) where their way came to be fo cry’d up, that fuch as favour’d, or kept thofe private Meetings, were by the rigid fort efteenpd the Godly of the Land, and others that oppofed them were calumniated, being (in their reckoning) t unfriends to Piety. ' nemes Hereupon the general Aflembly in Aberdeen did take the Matter into Conlideration, whether thofe private Meetings fhould be allow’d or condemn’d •, Mr. Dick , Rutherford , and others of their Stamp, pleaded fo vehemently for them, (having the af- tiftance not only of the moft part of the Minifters, but alft) the Ruling Elders from the Weft) that F 3 if ( 7 ° ) it was likely they muft have carry’d it, had not (by Providence) Mr. Gutbry happen’d to have in his Pocket that Paper which contain’d the Judg¬ ment of the Brethren, (at the Conference at Edin¬ burgh the Year preceding)uponthe Queff ion,which was fubfcrib’d by Mr. Uenderfon and Mr. Dick in all their Names: Mr. Gutbry kept up this Pa¬ per, until he faw the Bufinefs in hazard to mif- carry, but then produc’d it in the Affembly, and being read, and Mr. Dick's Hand found to be at it, for himfelf and all his Party, Mr. Dick and his adherents were pleas’d afterwards to be filent, and very unanimoully the Affembly made an A£E againft thofe private Meetings, not fo much as one Man proteffing to the contrary. Thereafrer the Affembly appointed a Solemn Faff to be kept throughout the Kingdom, for a Bleihng upon the Army. And fo the Affembly rofe upon the 6th. of Au¬ guft , having firft appointed the next general Affem¬ bly to fit at St. Andrews upon the third Tuel'day of July 1641. Upon Friday Auguft 21 the Scotch Army en¬ ter’d England , the Earl of Mont rofs leading the Van, did (to encourage his Soldiers) alight from his Horfe and go through the River of Tweed on foot ^ howbeit many thought that in his Heart he was turn’d Royal iff. Upon the 28th. of Auguft the Scotch Army ob¬ tain’d a Signal Victory at Tfcwburn Ford upon 1 ine 6 which was after this manner. The Earl of Strafford , General of the King’s Army, (which then lay at Tort) had lent the Lord Conway with 4000 Foot and 2000 Elorfe to guard that Pafs, fo that when the Scots came up, they found them fb Fortify’d on the other fide of the Riv?r, (70 River, that it would prove very difficult to beat them from their Works ^ yet they reiolv'd to at¬ tempt it, and the firft Party that was appointed to advance, was the College of Juftice’s Troop, (call’d the General’s Lifeguard)Commanded by Sir Thomas Hope younger, Son to the King’s Advo¬ cate, (whom his Father had bred, as alfo all the teft of his Children, towards the love of that Caufe) but Sir Thomas and his Troop were fcarce well en¬ ter’d the Ford, before they wheel’d about and re¬ tir’d with difcredit. Then fucceeded a Gallant Man, Major Ball an- dine , who, (having with him but a very fmall Party ) with undaunted Courage went through, beat the Englijh from their Works, and clear’d the paflage for the whole Army to crofs over and fail upon the EngHfh , who fled with that hafte, that 80 of them only were flain upon the place, and 40 taken Prifoners. The reft of that day was fpent in Exprefiions of Joy for the Victory, and next day they were fa- luted by Commiflioners from Newcajlle , come hi¬ ther to Treat for the furrender of the Town. So upon Sunday Auguli 30 the Scotch Army enter’d Newcajlle , where they found the King’s Magazine, both of Arms and Viffuals, as alfo an opportunity of enlarging Mr. Colvill , who had been fent by them to trance with Letters to the Trench King and Cardinal Ricblieu , and in his re¬ turn happen’d to be catch’d at Berwick , and from thence was lent Prifoner to Nezvca/lle. That day Mr. Henderfon Preach’d in the great Church of Newcajlle , and after Sermon the Gene¬ ral and Noblemen were Feafted by the Mayor. So there was great Joy among the Scots there, but that very day there fell out a hidden and (ad F 4 Accid c nr ( 7 * ) Accident at home*, the Earl of Haddington having avowedly fallen from the King’s fide, f Command and taken + Charge under Lejley , was left at home with his Regiment, to wait upon the Motion of the Garrilon of Berwick^ and for that end kept his Quarters at Dunglafs , where about mid day, he being return’d TarT* CT from theFields,and (landing in thejClo/e with 60 Gentlemen, or * thereupon a« *more or bout him, the Cattle of Dunglafs was le ’ s blown up with Powder, ( the Maga¬ zine being kept therein)and one of the Walls there¬ of falling that way, did in an inftant carry him and all his Company to the Ground, and cover them fo, that they were never more feen. This Tragical Emergence was conftrufted, ac¬ cording as Men were affefted to the Caufe*, when news of it came to the Court, the Royalifts there were not (by far) fo moderate as the King him* felf, whole fharpeft Expreffion was, * though That * albeit he had been very ungrate¬ ful to him, yet he was forry he had not at 1m dying fome time to repent. Upon the morrow after the Scots Army had enter’d Newcafile , the Earl of Lothian was made Governor thereof, having for that Service the Command of 2000 Soldiers allow’d him ^ and that Truji he well defer v’d, for his Zeal to $ though the Caufe was l'uch, that * albeit both his Father and himfelf owed to the King whatfoever Wealth or Greatnefs they had, yet was he one of the fhft that engag'd againft him, and ftill continu’d moft forward of any. Unto the Scot's Army was granted for allow¬ ance for every day Eight Hundred and Fifty Pounds Sterling, whereof 500/. to be paid out of Nor¬ thumberland\ ( 7 ? ) ibumberland , 350/. out of the Biihoprick, and 200/. out of the Town of Newcajlle per diem. And the Army being thus provided for, the Ge¬ neral and his Committee, (for making good what they had averr’d in their Declaration from Chau- fley Wood) refolv’d upon a Supplication to be fent to his Majefty, then at York, for redrefs of their Grievances-, and the fame being fubfcrib’d, was enclos’d in a Letter directed to the Earl of Lan- nck , Secretary , ( to be by him prefented to the King) and the carriage of it committed to one Named Catbcart. The King’s anfwer by his Secretary was, That his Majelfy had call’d a Meeting of the Peers of England to be at York September 24, before which time he will’d them to fet down their Demands in particular, and then to expert a particular an¬ fwer. In obedience whereto, having * con- # agreed defcended upon their demands, they did upon the 8th of September fend them to his Majefty by William Flemming , Son to the Earl of Wigton, upon the hearing whereof, and other pref- fing reafons, General Rutbven did Condition for himfelf and all his Soldiers, that their Lives fhould be fafe, and they to come with cock’d Matches, and have fafe Conduct to Berwick 5 all which was performed to him. Thefe Emergents were very refrefhful to the Covenanters, but there fell out at that time one thing which exceeded them all. For that very day, upon which the King re¬ ceived the Scottijh Supplication, there was alfo prefented to him a Supplication Sign’d by feveral Peers of England (in Number about Twelve) wherein they craved a Parliament for Redrefs of Grievances, ( 74 ) grievances, and fettling Peace betwixt the Na¬ tions : When the report thereof came hither, then did the Zealots fay, that Haddington and Mr. Bortbmck had not laboured in vain, and that the Work would fliortly begin in that Kingdom alfo. The King was faid to be much affe&ed with the Englijh Supplication, yet did his Majefty give it a fair and delaying anfwer, until the meet¬ ing of the Peers. And when they had met his Majefty at Tork September 24th, the conclufion was, that a Parlia¬ ment (hould Sit at London upon November 19 th, and in the mean time a Treaty with the Scots to begin Ottober ift, and the place of meeting to be at Rippon. There were nominated of Englijh to be upon the Treaty 15 Noblemen (whereof moft had had fign’d the Petition ) viz . the Earls of Bed¬ ford^ Hertford , EJfex, Salisbury , Warwick ,, Bri- floll , Holland ; and Lords Wharton , Daget, Kim - bolt on , Brook , Lavoiet , Howard of Efcrick , Savil and Dunfmoor ; And for the Scots^ the Earl of Dumferhng , the Lord Londore,ihe Laird of Wach- lon , the Sheriff of Tiviotdale , John Smith Bay- liff of Edinburgh , Mr. Alexander Wedderburn Clerk of Dundee , Mr. Alexander Henderfon and Mr* Archibald JohnJlon * The Treaty being met at Rippon Ottober 1/?, •did upon the 16 th thereof conclude upon a cef fation of Arms until December 16th, and that the Treaty fhould remove from Rippon to London , to be profecuted there in time of Parliament, rati¬ fying in the mean time that proportion granted to the Scotch Army of 85:0/. per diem , and the pay¬ ment thereof Weekly to be upon each Friday. Whilft ( is ) Whilft all things thus profper'd with the Scots, there happened an Emergent in their Army, which threatn’d a Rent, for divers of the Nobility, fuch as Montrofs , Ere skin, Drummond and others, quarrell’d that they were neglefted in the matter of Confutation, and that Bufinefs was contriv’d and carrid on by a few : Upon the other part, Montrofs was challeng’d for writing Letters to the King without the knowledge of the General and Committee; the Copies of which Letters they had, being fent them (as many deem’d ) by feme Bed-chamber Man, who fearch’d the King’s Pockets wen he was a fleep. The Rigid Faflion knew that my Lord Almond ., Lieut. General, was in his heart concurring with Montrofs and his Affociates, and fo confider’d, that if any provocation was given them, they were able to make a Divifion in the Army: Fox preventing whereof, they condefcended to a fak Tranfaflion for that time, viz . that * bygones on both fides fhould be * things pafi. paifed by, and Matters thereafter publickly carried on without negleU or dilrefpeU of any. The Parliament of England met at Weftmin¬ fer Nov. 3d. To the Scots Comm i hi oners that formerly Treated at Rippon , were added by com¬ mon confent the Earl of Rothes , the Laird of Ric- carton , Hugh Kennedy Burgefs of Air, who, with the reft went to London to profecute the Work. Upon November 19th, the Scots Parliament affembled, and having re-eftablilh’d the Commit¬ tee, Adjourn’d till the 14th of January 1641. The Committee being fat down, at Edinburgh\ had News which pleas’d them well, viz that the E. of Stafford was * Challeng'd * impeach'd t .. • and ( 7 <* ) and made Pri Toner (which having been further’d by the Scotch Commiflioners, was elteem’d very good Service) as alfo that Ihortly thereafter the Archbifhop of Canterbury had that fame meafure given him, but that the L. Keeper Finch , and Se¬ cretary Windebank, had efcap’d theirhands by flight. Thofe Commitments proceeded chiefly from the * Knights of the Lower Houle, * Memhers who were Solicitors to the Houle of Peers thereanent. And having engaged fo far againft his Maje- %’s Servants, they were the more careful to ob¬ lige the Scotch Army to ftand fure. For which end they borrowed from the Londoners Fifty thoufand Pounds Sterling , and fent * as a Prefers it in a * Propine to the General and his Committee-, to bediftributed by them throughout the Army : And this gratuity to be altogether without prejudice to the 850/. Sterling payable to them, and this was done in December . 1641. U Pon the 14th of January 1641. the Scots Parliament met again, and having re efta- bliiffd the Committee of Eftates, adjourn’d un¬ til the 13 th of April. After which the Committee being fet down, the principal bufinefs that came to * an Ajjbciatm be conlider’d, concern’d * a Band found to be amongft a Number of Noblemen, wherein they had combin’d to oppole the Courfe of thofe that ruled all This ( 77 ) y This Band had been fram’d at Cumnnald, there being prefent the Earls of Montrofs , Wigton, lords Hemming, Boyd and Almond , all which Subfcrib’d it firft-, and afterwards Montrofs drew to it the Earls of Marejhal , ADr, A/W, Kwg- horn, Perth , Hume, Seaforth •, and the Lords Stormont, Erskin , Drummond, Ker, Nappier , and divers others. But long thereafter the Band was kept up as a Secret, only their liberal talk¬ ing for the King’s Intereft and againft air#'/*, and the reft, with the Minifters that were of their Party, made many apprehend that there muft be fome Tie amongft them, and at length the Lord Boyd being a Dying, whifper’d fome- thing * anent it, ( which gave Men oc- * concerning cafion to fearch ) but was not fo clear as to refolve them. Whereupon the Earl of Argile taking the ocr cafion of my Lord Almond's being at home at Calendar, came thither, and having ftaid two Nights with him, had a full relation of the Lu- finefs. And the Difcovery being by Argile reported to the Committee, Montrofs, and fo many of the Banders as happen’d to be at home at that time, were cited to appear. They acknowledg’d the Band, and gave their reafons why they had joined in it} all which were reje&ed by the Committee, and they decla¬ red cenfurable. And indeed fome of the Minifters and other fiery Spirits, prefled that their Lives might go for it. But Argile and his Committee confidefd that they were too ftrong a Party to meddle with that way, efpecially leeing divers of them having the Command of Regiments in die Ar¬ my C 78) Ifty • and therefore they confulted to pack up the bufinefs upon a Declaration under their hands, that they intended nothing againft the publick, together with a furrendring of the Band, which the Committee having gotten* caufed it to be burnt. In the mean time the King and the Scots Commiflioners at London were in good Terms, and they waited frequently upun him, whereby he imagin’d they had been in a way of Relent¬ ing *, but they loon gave him caufe to change his Opinion : For without fo much as acquainting him therewith, they emitted a Declaration, wherein they exprefs’d their *forward- * Zeal. nefs againft Epifcopacy in England , and for the Earl of Strafford's Blood and Canterbury's. His Majefty took this very ill at their hands, but could not help it. The Scots Parliament fate again April 13 th, and having re-eftablifh’d the Committee, Pro¬ rogued to the 25 th of May. And the Committee of Eftates being fitting, received from thofe at London upon the 19th of May the certainty of the Earl of Strafford's Ex¬ ecution, who being condemn’d of Treafon, had been beheaded upon Tower-Hill^ May 12th. The Scots Parliament fate again upon May 2?th, and having re-eftablifh’d the Committee, Adjourn’d of new to the 15 th of July , in regard of the advertifement they had from the Commif¬ lioners at London , that the King purpos’d to be prefent at that Selfion of Parliament, as alfo the King himfelf did write to the Lords of his Council and the Magiftrates of Edinburgh to make preparation for him. After the Adjournment, the Committee of E- ftates ( 79 ) ftates fate prefently down upon the 26th of May^ where there came before them an unfortunate bu- finefs : It begun at Mr. John Graham Minifter of Anchlerarder , who was challenged for a Speech utter’d by him in prejudice of the Earl of Argil *, who acknowledg’d the Speech and gave for his Informer Mr. Robert Murray Minifter at Meth- wen, who being prefen t, confefs’d it, and gave for his Author the Earl of Montrofs. Montrofs being challeng’d acknow¬ ledg’d it, and t condefcended upon the f agreed Speech, viz. That when the Earl of Athol , and thofe 8 Gentlemen with him, (whom my Lord Argile made Prifoners) were in Argile'§ Tent at the Ford of Lion, Argile fpoke publickly to this fenfe, T hat they had confulted both Law¬ yers and Divines anent the depofing of the King , and gotten refolution that it might be done in three Cafes , i. Defertion. 2. Invafion. 3. Vendition, and that once they thought to have done it at the’ laft fitting of Rarhament , and would do it at the next fitting thereof. Montrofs gave up Mr. John Stuart , Commifla- ry of Dunkeld , (one of thofe Gentlemen that was with the Earl of Athol in Argile's Tent) for the Author thereof, and did undertake to produce him. Therefore, left Montrofs"* s Enemies fhould have dealt with Mr. John to withdraw and leave him in the hazard, he pofted quickly away fome Gen*' tlemen to Mr. John, with whom he came to Edin¬ burgh upon the 30th. of May , and upon the mor¬ row appear’d before the Committee, and fubfcri- bed a Paper bearing all chat Montrofs had affirm’d in his Name ^ whereupon Argile broke out into a Paiiion, and with great Oaths deny’d the whole ( 8o) and every part thereof, whereat many wonder’cL. * Always the Committee did fend * in the Mr. John Prifoner to the Caftle of E« man time dinburgh , and fome days after my Lord Balmerinocb and my Lord Dury being lent from the Committee to the Caftle to examine him, they did try another way with him, and dealt with him, that he would rather take the Task upon himfelf, than let Argile lie under fuch a Blunder. Being both profound Men, they knew well whkt Arguments to ufe for that effect, and Mr. John conlidering upon the one part, that Argile*i power was fuch, that he could not only preferve his Life, but alfo raife him to preferment, if for the clearing him he Ihould convift himfelf^ and on the other part, That a Wonder lafls but nine Nights in a Town , ( as we ufe to fay ) f agreed therefore he t condescended to the Mo¬ tion, and the next day wrote a Letter to the Earl of Argile , wherein he clear’d him of thole Speeches, and acknowledg’d that himfelf had forg’d them out of Malice againft his Lord- fhip} and he likewife confefs’d, that (by the Ad¬ vice and Council of the Earl of Montrofs , Lord Napier, Sir George Sterlin of Kier , and Sir An¬ drew Stewart of Blackball ) he had fent a Copy of thofe Speeches under his Hand to the King by one Captain Walter Stuart. The Earl of Argile having communicated his Letter to the Committee, they fet watches to at¬ tend that Captain’s return, who catching him at Cockburn' s Path, and finding his Letters, brought him and them both before the Committee, and feeing examin’d there, he was fent Prifoner to the Caftle of Edinburgh. Like (-8i ) Like as thereafter upon the j ith. of June Mon- trofs , Napier , Kier , and Blackball , being all ci¬ ted before the Committee, were after Examinati¬ on Imprifon’d in the Cattle, and the reward which Mr. John Stuart receiv'd for his pains was the lobs of his Head •, fo the way which (out of a pre- pofterous love to his Life) he chofe for his pre- fervation, turn’d to his deftrudion, which fell out upon this occalion. The Earl of Argile and the Committee confult- ed Sir Thomas Hope and other Lawyers upon the Queftion, whether,feeing Mr. John had *affoyled his Lordfhip of thofe-Speeches, * acquitted and under his Eland had took upon himfelf the guilt of forging them, Etc. it was fit that he fhould buffer, or on the other part be par¬ don’d and preferred. The refolurion was, That if Mr. John were Spa¬ red, all Men would think that he had been bribed to make that Recantation , and that therefore it was neceffary, for Argile's Vindication, that he fhould fuffer. Whereupon the unfortunate Gentleman was in the Month of July condemn’d, and beheaded up¬ on a Scaffold ere&ed for that end at the Crofs of Edinburgh. And it was obferv’d, that at his dying hehad not that Courage which is ordinary to Gallant Men at their Deaths, the reafon whereof was con- ftruded to be an inward difcontent, for bearing falfe witnefs againft himfelf, when he found that the courfe whereby he thought to have refcued himfelf horn buffering proved the reafon of it-, this made him querulous againft himfelf, as-being the caufer of his own death; and it w r as publick- ly talk’d that he exprefs’d fo much to divers ( 82 ) Friends , efpecially to Mr. Guthry , Mi-nifter of Stcrhn , of whom he made choice to be allifting to him in his preparation for Death, and who for that end was with him alone in the Prifon the day before his death from 5 a Clock in the After¬ noon till 8, and the morrow, being the day where¬ on he died, from 10 a Clock in the morning till 3 in the Afternoon that he went to the Scaffold, w'here alfo, at his earned: defire, Mr. Gutbry wait¬ ed upon him, and left him not, until he received the Blow. Upon July t 5 the Scotch Parliament fate down, where Letters from the King were read, excufing his not coming until the 15th. of Augujl , after which it was refolv’d to adjourn no more, but that the Parliament (hould fit daily, in the mean time to prepare Matters againft his coming * and the firft thing done therein was, that Summons’s were iffued out againft the Earl of Montrofs , to appear before the Parliament upon Augujl 15. Whereupon Montrofs defired the liberty of Ad¬ vocates for Confutation, which was granted, but the molt part of them were then fo Bigotted, that none of any Eminence would come near him, and fo necedity forc’d him to call for Mr. John Gilmer, vvhofe greateft Employment formerly had been to agent the Affairs of Bifliop SideJ'erje , and fome others of that Order ^ he confu-lted with Montroj's , and albeit it was thought a Email preferment for the time, yet afterwards it prov’d very profitable to him •, for being once call’d his Advocate, other Royalifts as they had occafion employ’d him, and fo as their number encreas’d, his Employment en- creas’d.alfo, whereby at length he became very confiderable. By ( ) By this time the Treaty at Lon dan Was ended, and the return of the Scotch Commiflioners daily expelled, they having obtain’d all their defires, and amongft the reft, not only that the whole Arrears oh 850/. payable daily to the Scotch Ar¬ my Ihould be fatisfi’d before the fir It of Septem - &r,againft which time the Army was to disband, but alfo that * by and at tour * over and the fame, the Parliament of England above Ihould ( under the name of Brotherly afliftance) give unto the Scots the Sum of three hundred thoufand Pounds Sterling , whereof eighty thoufand Pound to be paid before the disbanding of the Army, and the reft thereof’ amounting to 520000 /. to be paid at two terms, viz. the one half thereof at Midfummer 1642, and the other half at Midfummer 1645, as the Afls of the Englijh Parliament thereanent, bearing Dates the ip and 29 of June do report. The News whereof was very acceptable to the Covenanters, efpecially the leading Men in State and Church, who knew their fhaie would be therein : But Royalifts were mightily dejefled^ through conceiving that the Parliament of En¬ gland was not fo prodigal, as to have granted fuch a Sum (where nothing was owing ) unlefs they had thereby obtain’d from the Scots fome fe~ cret engagement to be on their fide, as foon as they fhould begin to ftir. Upon the 20th of July the General Affembly fate down at St. Andrews , and before the choice of a Moderator, tranfported it felf to Edinburgh y where it was profecuted. And the reafon given for this Novation, was, becaufe the Noblemen Commiffioned to be Ruling Elders therein, were fo taken up with the affairs of Parliament at E- G 2 dinburgh. C 84 ) Snburgb y that they could not come to St. An- drms •, and therefore the AiTembly behoved to go to them ^ as alio Mr. Alexander Henderfon , ( whom they determin’d to be Moderator there¬ of) • was yet but on his Journy returning from .'London , where he had attended the Treaty, fq the AiTembly behov’d to intermit Tome days until his arrival. At length he came, and“fo upon the 27th the AiTembly fate down at Edinburgh, he being chofe . Moderator thereof, and rofe again Auguji 9th. * The Earl of Weems was his Majelty’s Com- milhoner at that AiTembly, who comply’d with them in whatfoever they would. Upon the 15 th of Auguji the Earl of Montrofs was brought before the Parliament, and having reply’d to his charge, was continued tilt the 24th day, and was remitted to Prifon. Like as Sum¬ mons were IlTued forth againft the Lord Napier , and the Lairds of Kier and Black-Hall to appear Auguji 20th. Upon the 1.4th of Auguji the King came to Holy rood-Hou/e ( accompany’d with the Prince Palatine , the Duke of Lenox , Marquefs of Ham¬ let on, Lord Willoughby and others) having in his way dined with General Lejley zz-Newcajtle , and taken a view of the Scotch Army there. Upon Tuefday the 17th, his Majefty came to the Parliament, and conftantly fate there after¬ wards. v The Lord Burleigh haying been Prelident at the Current Selhons (who had gotten the Employ¬ ment becaufe he. was an implicit follower of the Earl of Argile , tho’ otherwife no great Plotter ) was. laid afide, and my Lord Balmerinoch was . eleUed Prelident, who indeed had Parts for it. ( s 5 ) Upon the Noife of his preferment thereto, there were different Conjeftures, what his de¬ portment would be towards the King, having Obligations more than any other ^ for his Father had been by King James preferr’d to be Prefident of the Seffion, and Secretary of State, and after¬ wards alfo made Lord Balmerinocb , to be-deriv’d to his Eldeft Son, now Prefident of this Parlia¬ ment , and his Second Son made Lord Cooper : And finally, when for abiding his Trutt * anent a Letter to the Pope, he was * abm Condemn’d to fuffer, the King gave him his Remiffion: And for this Lord Balmerinocb,\ his Son, befides that his late Majefty continued to him his Father’s Eftate and Honour, the King that now Reigneth had lately exprefs'd a lingu¬ lar Mercy to him ^ for being ( becaufe of that Paper refie&ing upon his Majefty’s Government, which in the 1 6 43 he had framed, and came af¬ terwards to be divulg’d) condemn’d,to die, the gracious King repriev’d him, and in the end gave him a final Pardon. Hereupon many judged that Balmerinocb would be tender of the King’s Intereft, but they were miftaken ^ no obligations had that Influence up¬ on him, to make him gratify his Majefty in the leaft. Sir Robert Spotf wood Prefident of the Seliion, and Sir John Hay Clerk Regifter, apear’d before the Parliament (having been cited as Incendiarys*) and were Lent Prifoners to the Cattle. As likewife upon the 24th, the Earl of Mon- trofs appear’d, and was continued-*/*? novo -as alfo the Lord Napier , the Lairds of Keer and Blackball appear’d upon the 28th , and were con¬ tinued likewile. .G 1 ■ By ( 86 ) By this time the Scotch Army return’d home from Hewcafile and was disbanded, being ( before their removing) fatisfy’d of all the Arrears of that Sum allow’d for their daily maintenance, as like- wife having gotten the 80000 /. promis’d by the Parliament of England to be paid at that time, as a part of the Sum of 300000 /. Sterling , con¬ dition’d to the Scots, under the name of Brother - ly aljiftance. And upon the 30th of Auguft, ar¬ riv’d at Edinburgh Comtnilhoners from the Par¬ liament of England', to attend this Parliament, viz. the Lord Howard , and Four of the Houfe of Commons. Matters as yet went on very plaufibly in Par¬ liament , the King giving way to whatfoever they propos’d, and fo their aims were difappoin- ted for the prefent, until they prefs’d forpe fuch things as they fuppos’dhisMajeffy w r ould no way? agree to, whereby a Rent might have enfued. At length upon a Rumour fuggelted to the Earl of Argile ( as he affirm’d ) concerning a Plot in¬ tended by Lodovic Earl of Crawford , Colonel Co- cheran , and Lieutenant Colonel Stuart , againft the Marquis’of Hamlet on and him, they did upon October the 12th withdraw abruptly to Kinneil. There wanted not enough , who fuggelted to the King, that the Plot was but pretended, their defign being to make a publick Rupture, (pre¬ fuming that upon their removal , the Parlia¬ ment (hould prefently have broken up ) and ft feems his Majefty was not without fuch an ap- prehenfion himfelf ^ for that day ( after he heard they were gone ) he came up to the Parliament in hafte, accompany’d with many Nobles and above ?oo Gentlemen that adhered to him, and in Parliament made a Speech, which refletred fore upon ( *7 ) upon the Marquis of Hamlet on , whereby he pre¬ vail’d, that the Parliament (notwithftanding their abfence ) fate (fill, and refoiv’d not to break up. Royalifts laboured much with his Majetfy to have declar’d them Enemys, and attempted lome- thing againft them ( which they thought was very feazible )but fuch was his Goodnefs, that inflead thereof, he confented in Parliament to confine the three alledg’d Plotters, until thev fhould be Try’d, and invited Hamlet on anti. Argile to return *, who next Day came to his Majelty at Holy rood- Houfe , and kifs’d his Hand, being ( as Royalilfs alledg’d ) glad of an opportunity to come back, fince the defign fail’d of getting the Parliament broke up. The Plot whereupon they went away being Try’d to the utmoft, nothing was found in it, fo that thofe three alledg’d Plotters were enlarg’d, and all the Ground which Argile could give for charging them therewith refoiv’d in this, that one Colonel William Stuart ( an Orkney Man ) had inform’d him of it. But this Colonel Wiliam Stuart being generally known to be rafia in his fpeaking, the Bufinefs became ridiculous, and many concluded, that they ( who knew that St//* art well) would never have been fo affefted with any Information that proceeded from him, as to have taken that courfe, except there had been a Defign in it. However being return’d to the Parliament, there was no more Birring in it, his Majeffy condefcen- ding to whatfoever they pleas’d to propofe. ' So that in relation to the Officers of State, they nude an A£t, that his Majeffy might not difpofe of them at his pleafure, but that the fame fhould he fettled with confent of Parliament, and accorr G 4 ‘ ing ( 88 ) ding thereto, the Lord Loudon was made Chan¬ cellor, which fell out upon this Occafion. ■» The King nominated the Earl of Morton to that Office, which his Son in Law the Earl of Argile in face of the Parliament oppos’d with much heat, whereupon his Majefty pafs’d from it, and nomi¬ nated Loudon , which the Parliament confented to* Likewife the King nominated the Lord Almond to be Treafurer, but was likewife oppoled, fo his Majefty agreed to that which the Parliament preis’d, viz. that the Office fhould be difcharg’d by a Committee of Four, viz. Argile , Glencarn , Lothian , and Lindfey. The Earl of Roxbrough was by the Parliament continued Lord Privy Seal: for altho y himfelf had from the beginning fided with the King, yet he was not thought a great Enemy to the Caufe, in regard his only S.on Henry Lord Ker did in the Year 1659 very unreafonably leave the King, and joined himfelf to the Covenanters, (while his. 'Majefty’s Army lay at the Bir/cs, and theirs ax Dunce-Law in his Majefty’s view) which the Roy- lifts thought he would not have done (his Father being fueh an awful Man) without his con¬ nivance. The Earl of Latte rick by confent of Parliament was fettled in the Office or Secretary of State , and Sir James Galloway fecluded therefrom, who till then pretended to it. Sir James Carmichael was continued Treafurer Deputy, which he well deierv’d at the Cove¬ nanters hands, for that tho’he was the King’s Creature (having been formerly his Carver, and afterwards prtferr’d, hrft to be Jultice Clerk, and then Deputy Treafurer) yet was he as forward In the Qufe as any. Sir ( * 9 ) Sir Thomas Hope continued to be the King’s Advocate, who did the Covenanters better Ser¬ vice than he was willing fhould be known«, yet by liis flattering Carriage, infinuated fo far with his Majefty, that (againft Information enough ) his Majefty was ruled by him in moft of the affairs which palled under his hand : Whereby he (being mercenary) did exceedingly enrich himfelf. Mr. Alexander Gib/on of Dury Junior , Was Knighted, and made Clerk Regifter, and Sir John Hamlet on of Orbifton continued Juftice Clerk. * It was alfo Enabled in Parliament, that the Nomination of Privy Counfellors fhould be with content of Parliament: And according thereto, an Eleffion being prefently made, fome of the Ancient Nobility were kept in, whom (for the Eminency of their Place) they were afham’d to cafhier: But there was an addition made of many Noblemen, Gentlemen, and of fome Burghers, all forward in the Caufe*, whereby the major part of the Council (as now conftituted) being for them, they were lure their Caufe fhould af¬ terwards receive no prejudice by the A£ls thereof. It was alfo Enacted, that the Places of the Seffion fhould be fill’d with confent of Parlia¬ ment 4 And there being Four of the Lords there¬ of who had adher’d to the King, viz. Prefident Spot/mod, Sir John Hay , Sir Fat rick Nisbit , and Sir William Elphind.cn •, they were all prefently depos’d, and in their room, were placed Sir John Lejley of Newton , Sir Thomas Hope Junior (who was alfo made Juftice General) Mr. Adam Hep¬ burn, and Mr. Archibald John/on (Clerk to the General Affembly ) both which were Knighted, as alfo the laft of them Mr. JohnJlon had a libe¬ ra] Penfion allow'd him. . There ( 9 ° ) There was alfo another Judicature eftablifh’d by Parliament, under the Name of Conferva- tors of the Peace (their Employment being to Order all things, whereby the Peace of the Land, and with the Neighbour Kingdom might be preferv’d) and this confifted of all the prime Covenanters. There was alfo a Committee appointed, for receiving from the Parliament of England the Sum of 220000/. conditioned to be paid at Terms under the name of Brotherly afiiltance ^ and up¬ on that Commiifion many were nominated,where¬ of but a few were called for, when the Sum was receiv’d and diflributed. There was alfo a Committee nominated to fit after the riling of Parliament, for Tryal of the Earl of Montrofs , and of the reft of the Roy- alifts then Pril'oners in the Caftle *, and the faid Committee w r as to report whatfoever fhould be found againft them to the King *, for the Parlia^ ment having remitted their Cenfure to him, thereupon at the riling of the Parliament they were all enlarg’d upon Security to attend that Committee, as they fhould be call’d for ^ like as the Bilhop of Murray, Prifoner in the Tolbooth of Edinburgh , was alfo enlarg’d, and General Ruth- vcn was reftor’d from his forefalture ^ but no¬ thing was done for the reftoring of his Mony. The King alfo bellow’d Honours upon divers of them, the Earl of Argile was made Marquefs, General Lefley made Earl of L'even and Keeper of the Cattle of Edinburgh , Lord Lindfey made Earl of Lindfey , Lord Loudon Earl of Loudon , Lord Almond made Earl of Calender , the Lairds of Du do and Arburthnet made Vifcounts , and Mr. Andrew Murray of Ebdie , having ( 9 * ) been by David Vifcount Stormont, preferr’d to the Lairdfhips of Balvaird , and afterwards in the Year 1633 Knighted by his Majefty, was now made Lord Balvaird. Many alfo of the Prime Covenanters obtain’d great Penfions, but one thing was remarkable, wherein the King only fhew’d himfelf wilful * and this was concerning my Lord Balmerinoch. His Majefty was prefs’d by them to take notice of him, and to gratifie him either with Lome Ho¬ nour, Office or Penfion : And indeed his Maje- ities Friends advis’d him, that fince he chofe that way to gain his Enemys by conferring Favours on them, he would not negleft him. But nothing could be laid, prevail’d with his Majefty to¬ wards that end, fo fenlible was he of Balmeri - noch’s Ingratitude. The King’s Bounty was alfo extended to Churchmen (to whom he ow’d as little as to any) Mr. Henderfon , moft eminent amongft the Co¬ venanted Brethren, had bellow’d upon him the Rent of the Chapel Royal ( efteem’d formerly a Morfel fufficient for a Bifhop) Mr. Gillefpie had a large Penfion fettled upon him : The Pro- felfors in the Univerfities had their Provifions liberally augmented by the Revenues formerly belonging to the Bilhops^ as alfo out of the fame, large Portions were allow’d to the Ca¬ thedral Churches throughout the Land. And for obliging the reft of the Miniftry to continue fixt in the Caufe, the Parliament or¬ dain’d a Commilhon to fit in January next, to enlarge their Stipends, and bring them unto a Competence. By this time certainty came of the Rebellion in Ireland , \vhereupon the Eng/ijh Commiffioners defir’d ( 9 * ) dettr’d the King to accelerateMiis return to Eng¬ land , which the Parliament Mfented to, as alfo offer’d to raife an Army, and to fend it over, for helping to fupprefs it, provided the Parliament of England would be at the Charge of entertaining the fame •, the Englijh Commiflioners applauded the Motion, and defired the Parliament might ap¬ point Commiflioners to repair to London , to Treat upon the Conditions; fo there were nominated to go up, the Earls of Lothian and Lindfey , and the Lord Balmerinoch , Sir Thomas Alyreton of Cambo , Sir Thomas Hope jun. Sir Archibald John - jlon. Sir Thomas Smith BaylifF of Edinburgh , Pa¬ trick Bell Provoft of Glafgoe , and Mr. Robert Bar¬ clay Provoft: of Irwine ? who were all fo furious in the-Caufe, as made Royalifts to talk boldly, that befides the lrifh Bufinefs, they would kindle a Fire in England ere they return’d. This EleB ion of Com m iflioners being * •* expede in Parliament November 16, p er feheci * the next day an AB was made for a publick Thankfgiving, to be kept throughout the Kingdom, upon the 19th. of January next, for the happy Peace now eftablifh’df and fo the Par¬ liament rofe upon Wednefday the 17 th. - In the clofe whereof the Earl of Loudon , in the Names of the Nobility, and Sir Thomas Hope jun. •in Name or the Gentry , made Congratulatory Speeches to his Majefty, for giving them Tull la- tisfaBion in all things concerning Religion and Liberty $ fo that now a contented King was to de¬ part from a contented Country, and the Cannon of the Cattle were difcharg’d, as an eccho to their Difcourfes. As alfo that Night in the great Hall of Holy- rood lioufe the King Feafted all the Nobility, af¬ ter C 9? ) ter which were mutual Farewells, and the next Morning early his Majefty began his Journey to¬ wards London. .. After his departure Mens Judgments were very different * anent the way * concerning, his Majefty had taken, in bellowing fuch Favours upon his Adverfaries, and making them the predominant Patty in all Judicatures-, for albeit all agreed in this Opinion, that his Ma- jetty’s Defign in fo doing was (probably) to ob¬ lige them to him, that if any Difturbance Ihould break out in England , (as there was even then forne appearance) they might (at leaft) not join again!! him ♦, yet Malignants, (for fo were all call’d that own’d the King’s Intereft) prefuming, they were fo deeply engag’d, that no Favours would bribe them to indifference, thought that all' that his Majefty had done tended only to ren¬ der them the more able to ruin him. And in that his Majefty had neglefred both No¬ ble Men, and others, that were really for him, they did lefs underftand what State-Policy could be therein-, and whatfoever his Majefty’s realbn might be for it, (which was, poftibly, to ingrati¬ ate himfelf more with the Covenanters, whilft they faw him fo only bent to make conqueft of them, that he cared not for others) yet it produc’d this effett, viz . that divers who had formerly en¬ gag’d for him, chofe thereafter to meddle no more, (fuch as Sir Donald Gorame, the Lairds of Gicbt and Bamfi, Dover an, and others) and even thole who wer$ of molt generous Spirits ufed to lay, That Men ought to do what belongs to Conference and Honour\ but if any engaged for him out of hope of reward, they might be readily difap,pointed. Yea-, the Lord Cam war tb , who, (whatfoever his Per- ( 94) fonal Qualities might be) was much more faith• ful to his Majefty than many others, who had tafted as deeply of his Bounty, faid to this fenfe in a very publick Audience, T bat he would go to Ireland and join Sir Plylem Oneal, ( chief of the Rebels there) and then he was Jure the King would ■prefer him . But tho’ the Noble Men and Prime Covenant¬ ers did for a while, after his Majefty’s removing, carry themfelves fairly, as if they had intended Peace, yet the inferiors began to talk and call it our duty to prefs Reformation in England 5 and the Wives at Edinburgh , (whofe help to the Caulu - was always ready at a dead lift) cry’d out againft all, efpecially the Minifters, who were for a peace¬ able Temper, and would be content to acquiefce in the Reformation we had obtain’d * proceeded yea, herein they * deborded fo far, that they fpar’d not Mr. Henderfon himfelf, upon a fuppofition, that the King’s Refpeds to him had wrought him to a Moderation ^ and when the vulgar fort began thus to vent themfelves, (it being well enough known that they ufed not to fpeak by guefs, but fir ft had their Lelfons given them) Men began more clearly than before to dis¬ cover and forefee what might be the Defign of the Great Ones. About this time the Earl of Lauderdale began to fhew himfelf forward in the Caufe, his Son the Lord Maitland had been fo from the beginning, tut the Father withdrew at firft and join’d the King, which then made many to fay, that Lau¬ derdale had chofen the fureft way of any-, if the Covenanters prevail’d, his Son’s Zeal would ex¬ piate his Malignity, and if the King prevail’d, his adhering to him would procure Quarter to his Son. However (90 However his fiding with the King obtain’d from his Majefty a Gift of the Lordlhip of Mufcle - brougb , reckon’d worth 20000 Marks per Annu and having gotten this he turn’d the other way.. Many feeing this change, did at firft imagine, it had been but in policy to get the King's * Gift through the Seals,(which * grant t* as it could not be done without their t 4 s good Will that rul’d the Exchequer, fo would they not have done fuch a favour to an Anti-Covenanter) but his after actings refuted that Opinion, and declar’d the reality of his change, in regard he became fo zealous in the Gmfe, that my lelf and many more heard him lay in a very publick Meeting, T hat he would live to fee the Caufe not only go through England, but aljo earn¬ ed to the Walls of Rome. The Earl of Dumfermling in his way went fome- what near to the other ^ his worthy Father had been by King James preferr’d to be Chancellor of Scotland , and Earl of Dumfermling, and had alio this Honour, that King Charles , (being then Duse of Albany) was in his Infancy educated in his Fa¬ mily, upon, which reafons his Majetty carry’d with more than ordinary affe&ion to this Earl of Dumfermling his Son, and of * . late * gifted him for his life time the w deflated Revenue of the Lordfhip of Dumferm- upon ling , reckon’d to be about 1000 L Ster¬ ling per Annum. Yet, notwithftanding thereof, was he fo for¬ ward in the Caufe, that he had ever been chofen for the prime Commiffioner in all the Applicati¬ ons they made to his Majetty, wBch was a Truft. they would not have put upon any, anent whom they had not a certain perfwattdn that he was fix’d that way. The i^4 2 * T HE Committee appointed by Parliament (for the Tryal of Montrofs , and the reft that had been his Fellow Prifoners in the Caftle) did fit throughout January and February, and having called them often before them, * clos'd * fmtjh'd the Trial againft the i ft. of March , and fent the report to his Majefty. But nothing broke out at home of any great Matters againft any of them ; and that which Was moft adverted to was, that my Lord Sinclair meddling againft Montrofs had produc’d nothing to his prejudice; whereof the Cafe was thus. In the Month of June by paft, when Montrofs was Imprifon’d, his Chamber in the Cannogate 5 where he had lodg’d, being (by order of the Com¬ mittee fearch’d) and no Papers of Correlpondence with his Majefty found therein, the Lord Sinclaire (then more furious in the Caufe than afterwards) was Commiflionated to go to old Montrofs , (the Earl’s chief dwelling Houfe) and learch what he could find there to militate againft him; at his coming he broke open his Cabinets, but found nothing therein belonging to the Publick Affairs, only inftead thereof he found fome Letters from Ladies to him in his younger Years flouriftied with Arcadian Complements, which (being di¬ vulg’d) would poflibly have met with a favourable conftru&ion, had it not been that the hatred car- ry’d to Montrofs made them to be interpreted in the worft fenfe. s $ The Lord Sinclair's Employment having been only to fearch for Papers of Correlpondence be¬ twixt ( 97 ) twixt his Majefty and Mont r of $ , in reference to publick Affairs, he was much blam’d by Men of Honour and Gallantry for publilhing thofe Letters, but the rigid fort had him in greater efteem for it. By this time the Scotch Commiflioners at Lon¬ don advertiz'd their Friends at home, that they had fettled with the Parliament of England anent an Army of ioooo Men, to be fent from thence to Ireland , Carrickfergm to be their Head Quar¬ ters , and their Maintenance to be from that Par¬ liament, and therefore advifed them to go about the Levy. But there came worfe News about a Breach be¬ gun, and like to encreafe, betwixt the King and his Parliament of England. And that his Majelty having gone to the Houle of Commons in Perfon, and demanded fix of their Members, viz. the Lord Kimbolton , Mr. Pyn , Stroode , Ha/lerig , Hamden , and Hoilic, the Houle declared this a breach of their privilege ^ and that, the Multitude ( upon that occafion) was become fo tumultuous, that (to avoid Affronts) the King, with his Queen and Children, had thought fir to withdraw firft to Hampton Court , and afterwards to Windfor. For remedying whereof, his Majefty lent a Meffage to them, wherein he offer’d, (for the be¬ getting a good underltanding among them ) not only to pafs from his demand of the iix Members, but alfo to deliver the Cinque Ports and the Mi¬ litia of the Kingdom to the Truft of thofe whom the Parliament lhould appoint. _ But tho* thofe Condefcenlions were fo gra¬ cious., as had not a Precedent in former times, yet did they not reconcile the Difference. If the Scotch Commilfioners proved Beaut if eaus in the H Bufinels ( 9 » ) Bufmefs, ( as his Majelty reckon’d them to be ) they have to anlwer to God for it. Soon after the King diveited himfelf of his own Power to raife the Parliament, by giving his Aflent to their Sitting as long as they pleas'd, whereby he had no more Authority over them-, only hop’d that Time might gain them to Moderation. His Majelty having refolv’d to come towards the North, the Queen Embarqu’d lor Holland with her Daughter the Princefs Mary, who upon May the 2d 1641. had been Marry’d to the Prince of Orange , by Billion Wren. And the King made his Refidence at Tork with the Prince and the relt of his Children Upon new Advertifement from the Commiffio- ners at London , at lait the Army of 1 coco Men was Levied for Ireland , old Lefley made General thereof, and Argilc , Lothian , and the relt of the rigid Lords, Colonels of Regiments. Montrofs and the relt of the Royalilts appre¬ hended a great Policy in this Expedition, viz . that they might thereby have an Army inreadinefs, whenfoever they meant to join with the King’s Enernys in England: For it was well enough known, that they had it in their Defign to unite with them, altho’ they had not yet begun to profefs it. Neverthelefs upon April the 2d the Army crofs’d the Sea, and arriv’d at Carrickfergus. While his Majelty remain’d at Tork, there paR’d feveral De¬ clarations betwixt hisMajefty and his Parliament, for agreement, but were fo far from producing thatEffeft, that the Differences ftili encreas'd : And altho his Majelty (being calumniated as ha¬ ving authoriz'd the Irijh Rebellion ) did ior his Vindication offer to go to Ireland in Perfon, and to hazard his Life ior fubduing it, yet would they not I ( 99 ) not confent thereto, but oppos'd his going by a Declaration to the contrary. So Diftra&ions encreas’d more and more, ( not- withftanding the faireft Offers his Majefty could make for Accommodation) and became the' more remediiefs, by reafon of an Affront which upon April 22 Sir John Hotham , Governour of Hu//, gave to his Majefty, refilling him Entrance into the Town,profeffingto have Warrant for that Effect from the Parliament. But whatfoever his Warrant was, Divine Iuftice paid home Iris Infolent Carriage to his Sovereign, for there falling outfome jealoufies afterwards be¬ twixt the Parliament and him, both he and his Son were brought Prifoners to London , and there loft their Heads by that fame Authority he had kept the King at Defiance at the Gate of his own Town* While matters were at a height betwixt the King and Parliament, they, at Edinburgh appoin¬ ted a Faft to be kept throughout the Kingdom in the beginning of May thereanent. And it being ordinary, whenfoever any Plot was in hand, to grace it with a Faft, it made all Men to expe£f fome great thing to follow, which was, that they lent up the Chancellor to 2 ork , to deliver their Advice to his Majefty , and offer his pains for Accommodation. It was expelled that the King fhould have al¬ low’d him to go forward to London, but it was fa id his Majefty thought there were too many of them there already,therefore inftead thereof he difpatch- ed him home again, to convene a frequent Coun¬ cil againft May 25, at which day Rox trough, Kin - noul. Lane rick , and Sir James Galloway, came down from the King to prds his Point, The ( IOO ) The Council being met, a great multitude from Vife and the Weltern Shires (havingbeen privately advertiz'd), came thither, and joined in a Supplication to the Council (which was pre- fented by Haddington and Elcho for the Nobili¬ ty ^ and Scotferaig and Nidrie for the Gentry*, two Burgefies of Edinburgh for the Burghs, and Mr. Andrew Ram fey and Mr. John Moncrief for the Miniftry) craving that nothing fhould be Enacted prejudicial to the Work of Reformati¬ on, and the Treaty of Union betwixt the Nati¬ ons ratified in Parliament^ which Supplication was well accepted by the Council, and thanks given for it. The Banded Lords (fo were they called) and o- ther Royalilts, upon the noife of the Councils meeting affembled alfoin the Cannogate , and join¬ ed in a Supplication to the Council for the King’s Intereft, which was prefented by the Earl of Kelly, Lords Ereskin , Ker and others, but that was rejected with difdain, and the Prefenters check'd for their boldnels. When the King heard the refultof that Coun¬ cils meeting, he then began to fee a Storm brew¬ ing in the Norths and that notwithftanding the many Favours , whereby (at his being there) he fuppos’d he had gain’d them to an indifferency at leatt, yet they would unthanklully engage againft him. Hereupon the Marquifs of Hamilton (then with his Majelty, tho’ not much trufted ) offer’d to come home, and draw over Argile to his Party, which had he done, all had been well. But being come home, as it was true that he and Argile be’ came fo very intire, that they Feafted daily toge¬ ther, and talk’d of a Marriage betwixt .the Lord i v horn- I ( 101 ) Lorn and the Marquils’s Daughter •, To it was found, that inItead of reclaiming him to the King’s fide, the Marquils went along in his way. Which being notified to the King, his next care was how to get them rent afunder again, and to this effect, William Murray of the Bed-chamber offer’d his Service, one, who had as much reason to be faithful to the King as any Scotsman alive ^ for he had not only kept him in his Service from a Child, and prefer’d him to that place in his Chamber, but alfo gave him the Wards and other great matters, whereby he might have • become very rich, if he had been frugal. Royaliils thought Mr Murray's carriage very unanfwerable to thofe favours ^ yea, Montrofs (profeffing to have certain knowledge thereof ) affirm’d he was the Man, who in October 1641. fent to Newcaftle the Copies of his Letters,w ? hich he had written'to the King then at York. And it was no fecret, that in the - year 1641. (when his Majefty was in Scotland ) lie did by his Unckle, the Provoff of Mejfen , correfpond with his Ene¬ mies and reveal his purpofes to them - whereof tho’ the King was lufficiently inform’d both by Montrofs and others,- yet fuch w r as his goodnels, that ( being of incomparable Integrity himfelf) he was not inclined to be fufpicious of any : Whereby it came to pafs, that both Mr. Murray and others of his Majetties Servants (whole pranks were well enough known) flood not the lefs right in his Majefties Eyes, to the great pre¬ judice of his affairs, and the grief of all true hearted Royalilfs. William Murray being come down, went lira it to Hamilton , where he found the Earl of Argilc with the Marquils of Hamilton , and after thofe H 3 three ( ) three had conferr’d fome days together, they fe- parated and made the report to pafs, that they had difcorded upon the account of publick bull- nefs : Whereupon William Murray return’d to Court, as if he had wrought a difference, where¬ as die conftruUion that Royalifts put upon it, was, that William Murray had taught them a piece of Policy more advantageous to their de- lign, than any of themfelves had formerly thought on. For whereas Hamilton profefs’d to go for the King, yet whenfoever the Royalifts came to be in any capacity to a£t tor his Intereft:, my Lord Ha - miltoDs Place and Part was to get the leading of them about to Argile 1 s defign : This * counterfeit W as the Royalifts fenfe of the * fimulat or feign ct f divifion betwixt the two Marquefles of Hamilton and Argile. Upon the laft Tuefday of July, the General AiTembly met at Sr. Andrews , where Mr. Robert Douglas was receiv’d Moderator. The Earl of Dumfermling being his Majefty’s Comm'uTioner, prefented to the Aftembly a Letter from his Majefty, full of gracious Exprelhons to this Church, and,wherein he crav’d in recom- pence of all his Favours, no more but that the Minifters would by their DoUrineand Example, labour to keep his SubjeUs in their Duties. The Letter having been read and confider d, the Aftembly refolvM to return his Majefty a Letter of thanks, wherein they promis’d fo to do. Yet the very next day, they went about a bu- iiuefs which feenfd inconfiftent therewith, and it was thi§. The Scotch Commillioners then at London , had written down to the Aftembly about the great apr pearance ( IOJ ) pearance there was of a Reformation in England-, and for a Proof thereof, lent a printed Copy of a Declaration * Emitted by * Publijh’d the Englijh Parliament, (hewing their intentention to extirpate Epilcopacy, together with a Letter from Lome Englijh Mini Iters to that effect, all which were read in the Aflembly, and then it came to be confide!’d what was incumbent on the AfTembly in that cafe. Divers of the meeting were againlr it, that the Aflembly fhould engage any way in Reference to the matters of Eng/and, & were for waiting till his Majefty’s Commilhoner fhould "exp refs him- felf to that effect : Which had he done, they re- folv’d' to have been a (biting, but fince his Grace kept filence, and Paid nothing for his Majefty’s Intereft, they were fo difeourag’d, that they made no appearance. And fo it was refolv’d,that the AfTembly fhould write anfwers thereto, teltifying the great content they had to be thus certified of a Reformation there, and wilhing the profecution of tire- lame ^ and the Lord- Maitain was pitch’d upon as the Aflembly’s CommifliOner to go up to deliver their anfwer and beiides the Letters which were publickly read in the Aflembly, he had feveral Inltruffions given him in private. This being done, it was in the next place mov’d, that the Aflembly Ihould nominate a Committee of certain of their Number, to fit frequently at Edinburgh, and to correfpond with the Parlia¬ ment of Eng/and from time to time for advance- ing of that Work. The Elfabiifhment of that Comtnhhori was op¬ pos’d by divers moderate Men in the Aflembly, out of a fear that it would encroach upon 'tlte H 4 • - • Affairs C *°4 ) Affairs belonging to the ordinary Judicatures of the Church, and fo prove prejudicial to them : .But this, objection was taken away by the profef- iion of thole who urg’d it, that this Committee was nc* to meddle with the affairs belonging to the ordinary Judicaturesj but only to Correfpond with the Englifh for promoting Reformation there, and to continue no longer than that Caufe required •, and fo by the- plurality of Voices the Committee was eftabliffied. The Affembly role the 6th of Augufl having firft appointed the next Affembly to fit at Edin¬ burgh upon the firft Wednefday of Augufl 1643. The next Occurrence was the fad news of the diftraflions betwixt the King and Parliament, that both were going to Arms, the Earl of Efjex be* ing by the Parliament chofen General of the Foot, and Bedford of the Horfe : And by the King, the Earl of Lindfey General of Foot, Prince Ru¬ pert of Plorfe, and General Ruthven Field Mar* ihal •, and that the King’s Standard was to befet up at 'Nottingham Augufl 21ft. all which prov’d true. Levies on both fades being begun, the Parlia¬ ment’s greateft alhftance (both for Men and Mo¬ ney ) was from the City of London , and (in re¬ gard that moft Soldiers of Fortune join’d to the. King) the greateft fcarcjty was of Officers : For a fupply whereof, feme were fent from Scotland , viz. Sir James Rani fey, Mr. John Middleton , and Janies hehburn , whom they fo welcom’d, that ere long they were preferr’d to be Major Generals-, two more Scotchmen engaged for the Parliament, viz. Sir William Balfour and Sir John Meldram , which was the more talk’d of, becauie of the Ingratitude they thereby exprefs’d to his Majefty, € *°5 ) Majefty, whofe Creatures they were ^ and especi¬ ally Sir Willum Batfwr, whom his Majefty in the beginning of his. Reign, had prefer’d to be Lieutenant of his Tower of London, a place of fa high a Truft, and wherein the Londoners thought themfelves fo much concern’d, that the fhft grudge they harbour'd againft his Majelty, was' laid to be becaufe he had confer’d it on a Stranger. In* the beginning of September the Scotch Com- miflioners return’d from London , except Patrick Bell , who died there of the Peftilence. And upon September 21ft. the Committee of the late ; General Aflembly met at Edinburgh , to receive an account; of the Lord Maitland's Ne¬ gotiation, who in a long Difcourfe told them what great things ho had done, and then deliver’d to them the Parliament of England's Anfwer to the General AlfembJy’s Meffage, (hewing their Refolution to abolifh Epifcopacy root and branchy and to call an Affembly of' Divines for modelling a new Government, whereunto they wifh’d our Church to fend Commiffioners. The next thing that came to be talk’d of thro’ the Land, was of a Battle fought between the King and Parliament at Edgh.il upon Qttobcr 23d, wherein much Blood was tiled on both fides. This gave occafion to the Committee of the General Affembly to meet again at Edinburgh, November i ?th, to. confider what was Incumbent upon themrin that cafe. And while they were a- bour it,, an Emergent occurr’d, which w 7 as not pleafing tothem. Mr. John 0 /ivald the Minifter of Aberdeen , came as Commiffioner from the Synod thereof, to crave their advice anentthe encreafeof Brow- nilme C 10 6 ) mime in the North, and efpecially concerning one Gilbert Gordon of T "illifroskie^ who main¬ tain’d and fpred the abfurdeft Tenets thereof, which he produced to the Commiffioners in wri¬ ting. As alfo Mr. Patrick Sharp came Commit- fioner from the Presbytery of Hamilton upon the fame Errand, and made fpecial mention of'one Alexander Taes a great Seducer in Clydefdale. The Commiffioners advice was, that thole things and Perfons fhould be tenderly handled, for es¬ chewing offence to the good People of England that favour'd thofe ways. This being fo determinated, the Committee refolv’d to delay their Refolution in publick mat¬ ters until their next Seffion, and fo rofe for that time. After this came the news that both King and Parliament were encreafing their Forces, and that befides the Army his Maiefty hath already on foot. Sir Ralph Hopton was levying another in Cornwal and Wales , and the Duke of Newcaftle a third in the Northern Shires. On the other part Sir Thomas Fairfax was le¬ vying for the Parliament alfo in the North, and the Earl of Alanchefter and Oliver Cromwell were to levy another j which with that they had al¬ ready, would amount to three Armies alfo. Yet, in token that they were afraid of the King’s Ifrength, the Parliament did fend in the mean time Mr. dickering to Scotland , to treat for affiltance : And Ihortly after his arrival, they lent a Declaration, fetting forth the danger of Religion, and thereupon inviting their dear Bre¬ thren here to engage with them for their aid. Upon the hearing whereof, his Majefty fent down the Earl of Limerick , with a Letter to the Secret ( io 7 ) Secret Council, in oppofttion to the Declaration of the Parliament, And by plurality of Voices it was concluded, that the King's Letter fhould be printed and publilh’d, that thereby it might come to the knowledge of the Lieges. Which being done, the Marquefs of Argile , and his adherents (who had diffented from the conclufion) and the Minifters alfo became fo of¬ fended, that they fent prefently advertifement to fife and the Weftern parts to make hafte to £- dmburgh to remedy the fame. W Hen being come to Edinburgh, theyaf- fembled in the Taylers Half and for to afford them the better opportunity of feeking re- drefs ^ the Confervators of Peace fate down alfo, as likewife did the Committee of the General Alfembly, Wlrereupon the fife Men and the reft, didfirft fupplicate the Committee of the General Affem- bly to join with them, and that being granted, both of- them fupplicated the Confervators of Peace to deal with the Council to explain their meaning, in caufing the King’s Letter to be print¬ ed, that it might not import their approving it; as alfo to caule the Parliament of England's De¬ claration to be printed, both which the Council yielded to. While this was a doing, a Croft-Petition was framed by the Royalifts (who upon the noife of the bufinefs affembled alfo ) and prefented to the Council by the Earls of Airly , Heme, and Dum~ - ' frieze y ( «°8 ) frieze', Lords Ere skin , Montgomery , K>/*, F/m- ^minz, Levin (ion, Drummond, Linton, Salt on, Napier. Kirkubne, Bargenny, bur this was re¬ jected by the Council, with much indignation. As alfo the Committee of the Church emitted a Declaration againft it, which was Printed,and Copies thereof fent to all the Presbyrereis through¬ out the Kingdom, with a Itriff Order (under pain of Cenfure) to the feveral Mini hers to read the fame in their Pulpits, and to Comment upon it to the People. The Confervators of Peace, and Committee of the General Afiembly having thus engag’d, went on more avowedly.than before; fo that in the next place, they refblv’d to fupplicate the King for a Parliament and General Affembly, and nominated Commiffioners to go to hisMajefty for thole ends, the. Chancellor, Sir dr. Jobnftcn , Mr. Robert Barclay Burgefs cf Irwin, and Mr. Alex¬ ander Henderfon y all which went, except Sir dr. Jobnftcn , ta.whom his Majehy denied a Pro¬ tection, and at their going away ( by Order from she Committee of the Church ) a fait was kept throughout the Kingdom, upon the laft Sabbath of february t, and the X burfday after for their good Succels. j The Earl of Kelly, and Henry Lord Ker , dy¬ ing about that time, the rigid Faction infulted thereupon*, and fpar’d not to lay, That their death xstax in way of Judgment , for abetting the Crofs Petition, altho’ it be certain that thole Noble Men died very Chriftianly, and very far from reckon¬ ing that among their Sins. In the end of February the Queen returning from Holland, landed at Burlington Bay, upon the no¬ tice whereof the Earl of Montrojls polled away ; v to C «°9 ) to her Majefty, and convoy’d her to Yark i which ftiortly the King’s Enemies hearing oft conceiv’d that he would give her Majelty a fevere informa¬ tion againft them, for countermining whereof, the Marquifs of Argile went privately to the Mar- quifs of Hamilton , (for their Profeffion at that time was to be difcorded) and thereupon the Mar¬ quifs of Hamilton rode up to the Queen at York, but before his arrival there 'Montrojs had fuggefi- ed to her Majefty, That alt bo' the Kings Ene¬ mies in Scotland did not as yet profefs Jo much, yet they certainly intended to cany an Army into England, and to join with the King’s Enemies there, and jor remedy offer'd. That if the King would grant a CommiJJion , him/elf and many more would take the Yield and prevent it , which he intreated her Majefty to impart to the King at their meeting . The Marquifs of Hamilton at his arrival getting notice from her Majefty of Montrofs' s informati¬ on, offer'd to refute all, undertaking (that with¬ out railing Arms for the King) he Ihould make that Party to lie quiet, and not Lift an Army for England whereof he defiled her Majefty in his Name to give the King full affurance. The Queen trufting moft to the Marquifs of Hamilton , difmifs’d Montrojs unfatisfy’d, and ex¬ horted the Marquifs to perform his promife, tel¬ ling him, That for an earneft Fenny of the great Rewards he might afterwards expeti , he jhould prefcntly be preferrd to the Title of a Duke-, and fo her Majefty went forward to the King, thenac Oxford, and my Lord Hamilton return’d home. And having acquainted Argile and his adherents how Montrojs s Motions were cruih’d, (where* by they were free from oppoficion) they began to difcover their Intention more pubtickly than be* fore* ( Ilo ) , fore-, fo, as it came to be openly talk’d atrfongft them,that it was neceffary they fhould levy an Ar¬ my , and carry it into England , but not fide againft the King, only mediate betwixt him and his Parliament. Montrofs and other Royalifts, (confidering that as foon as the noife hereof fhould come to his Majefty’s Ears, how he would then relifh his Overture which the Queen rejefted) did frequent^ ly meet, but not in great numbers, left their Ad- verfaries, (who rul’d the Judicatures) fhould have taken notice thereof and proceeded againft therm Thofe who us’d ofteneft to meet with Montrofs were. Sir Robert Spotfvoood , formerly Prefident, the Earl of Callender, Lords Erskin , Ogilby , J Co¬ pier , and fometimes Montgomery , who then pro- fefs’d to be turn’d that way. Thefe advertiz’d his Majefty that there were both Hearts and Hands enough in Scotland to aft for him , and wanted nothing but a Commiffion, which if his Majefty would grant, his Adverfa- ries here might be kept under, but if he were wanting to himfelf, until they had an Army on foot, it would then be paft time to attempt againft them ^ but my Lord Hamilton's Power at Court was fo prevailing , that the King was made ftill to rely upon his promife at York, and reje&ed ut¬ terly the offer which the Montrofians had made. Argile and the reft of his Faction being adver¬ tiz’d how Montrofs and his adherents had ad- drefs’d his Majefty , thought it to good purpofe to aflay , ( now when Montrofs had met with a difobligement) if he could be gain'd to their fide, taking it for granted, that if he was brought over, the reft would fcatter, and fo they would be free of their Trouble ^ for which end Sir James Rol- lock , ( in ) lock, and Sir Mungo Cambell , were, by the Mar* quifs of Argile, and the reft, Commilfionated to go to Montrofs , and to make offer, that if he would leave his £wz/r? ) Therefore for preventing thereof* he, (and with him his intimate Friend the Lord Ogilby ) withdrew themfelves privately, and went to the King then at Oxford , where they found his Majefty ftill fo confident ( upon the a durance which the Marquifs of Hamlet on fent him from Tork by the Queen) that nothing which they could fuggeft to the contrary, prevail’d upon him to attempt any thing for prevention. The Convention of the Eftates fate down June 22th. So did the Commifiion for the general Af- fembly, for without the Minifters (that rul’d it) nothing could be done. The firft thing that occurr’d to be debated in the Convention, concern’d the Earls of Rox- brougb , Morton , An an dale , Kinoul , Carnwath , and LanericL who had lately come from Court, and were accufed about a Letter written by them from Derby , to the Queen, informing her Majefty of the Intelligence they had got¬ ten in their way, concerning the defign of the Scots to Arm againlt the King. Many thought at firft, that the knowledge of this Letter, had been communicated to our great Ones by fome of their fecret Friends at the Court ( whereof they were thought to have ftore, even in the Bedchamber ) but ere long it came to be pub- lickly talk’d, that it was reveal’d by one of themfelves. However, great olfence was taken at the ftrain of it, and they were all cited to ap¬ pear before the Covention. The Earl of Cam- math (who had the leaft friendfhip among them) fled, but the reft obey’d the Citation, I and ( i>4 > and after much debate at feveral Diets, that bufinefs was in the end made up, and the Con¬ vention went on to more publick affairs, which were brought in after this manner. The Commiffion of the General Affembly fram’d a Remonitrauce to the Convention, bet¬ ting forth the danger wherein Religion was, by reafon of the Courfe his Majefty was en¬ gaged in, and Commiffionated Mr. Robert Douglas , Mr. Robert Blair , Mr. David Dick , and Mr. Andrew Cant to prefent the fame. The Remonffrance being read in the Con¬ vention, was approv’d, and thanks given to the Commiffion of the Affembly for the fame. And withal, the Convention did earneftly de¬ fire that the Commiflion would be pleas'd by another Remonltrance to offer their belt advice for Remedies, which was gone about, and after fome days prefented to the Convention. * Purport The * Subjhnce wffierepf was,that they lhould look upon the Caule of their Brethren in England as their own, and beftir themfelves refolutely and aflively for defend¬ ing and profpering God’s Caufe in their hands. The Convention (being thus animated and fet on by the Church) did foon come to a Refo- lution thereupon ( which long before the Plot¬ ters had in their thoughts) concerning the ta¬ king Arms. Yet, knowing- that the generality of People throughout the Land, favoured the King, and were of Opinion, that feeing his Majefty at his being here, had given full latisfaff ion in alt things concerning Religion and Liberty (which themfelves had acknowledg’d ) and was (till fi> far ( ) far from attempting any thing contrary there¬ to, that in all his Letters and Declarations, he promifed both by Word and Oath, never to al¬ ter or reverfe any of his gracious Condefcenfi- ons •, it was very hard ( upon a pretext of Jea- loufy that if he prevail’d again!! his Enemies in England , he would overturn all here) to engage again!! him. Therefore the Convention chofe to proceed {lowly and by degrees, and the moft which at frit they refolv’d on was, that becaufe of a ru¬ mour ( which their Minifters and others of the Inferiour fort devis’d ) concerning Lome Mofs- Troopers in the South-borders, who were faid to difturb the Peace, therefore three Troops of Horfe fhould be prefently levied, under the Com¬ mand of Sir John Brown , to curb them. Their policy in that Levy was eafily feen by the Royalifts, for Sir John Broivn finding no¬ thing to do in the South (there being no Mofs- Troopers there) led his Troops to and fro through the Country to terrifie difaffe&ed People from whifpering again!! the Publick, which they had not fpared to do fo long as there Were none in Arms. After this came one Mr. Corbet to the Con¬ vention, being Lent by the Parliament of England , who (befides other Meflages communicated on¬ ly to the Leaders ) deliver’d to the Convention, and alfo to the Commiffion of the General Af- fembly, a Commiffion ifliied forth by the Par¬ liament of England > for an Affembly of Di¬ vines to fit at Weftminfier the fir!! of July in- ftant, in order to the Reformation of the Engl/Jh Church, 1 2 This ( n6 ) This was much talk’d of by them, as a fuf- ficient ground for their effectual concurrence, and afterwards more of that fort occurr’d. Upon AugulJ the 2d, the General Affembly fat down at Edinburgh , Sir 'Thomas Hope (his Majefty’s Advocate) being Commifhoner, and indeed it did exceedingly difcourage fuch as in¬ tended to have appear’d for his Majeltie’s In¬ terelf, when they found him fo honour’d and truffed, concerning whofe carriage the King had been fo often inform’d. Mr. Alexander Henderfon was defied Mo¬ derator, to whom the King ( in the Year 1641 ) had exprefs’d great refpefls, whereup¬ on for fometime afterwards he enclin’d that we lliould have relied with our own Reformation, which the King had confirm’d, and not to have meddled with the Englijh ^ but by this time they had prevail’d with him to go their way ^ whereby indeed they gain’d one great Point : For he was fo look’d upon, and reverenc’d by the generality of the Miniilry throughout the Land, that they could fcarce have had them on their fide without him. In the beginning of the Affembly it came to be publickly known, that the King had taken the City of Brijlol , and was fo prevailing, that had he afterwards march’d forward to Lon¬ don , his adverfaries would have met him with Ropes about their Necks, and fubmitted upon Mercy. But inllead thereof, he w r as led by treache¬ rous Council to lay Siege to G/ouceJfer , where¬ by the Parliament had leifure to employ them- felves many ways, for encreafing their Strength, which ( 1 «7 ) which then was very fmall •, Effex with the re¬ mainder of his Army, reckon’d not to exceed 5000. lying at Kingflon upon Thames, unable to attempt any thing, and Fairfax and Man¬ chester having yet attained to no confiderable numbers. Among other means which that Parliament ufed, four Commiflioners came from it to this General A (Terribly, viz. Sir William Ermin, Sir Henry Vain Junior, Mr. Hatcher and Mr. Par¬ ley , and with them two Minifters, Mr. Marjhal (who profefs’d to be a Presbyterian) and Mr. Nye an Independent, lately come over from Nevo-Englana. They prefented to the Affembly a Letter from the Divines aflembled at Weftminfier , to¬ gether with a Declaration from the Parliament of Eng/and, both to one fenfe^ viz. that they purpos’d to extirpate Epifcopacy root and branch, and to introduce that which they fhould find, moft agreeable to the Word of God. Thefe being read, the Moderator had a long difcourfe upon them, and then askt the Judg¬ ment of leverai Brethren, what was to be done in order to a return > Their anfwer was, that himfelf and his AffefTors fhould take the bufi- nefs into Confideration. And happening to ask the Judgment of Mr. Hen. Guthry Minifter of Sterlin *, he rifing up fpoke to this effect, that he obferv'd the Affemb/y of Divines in their Tetter , and the Parliament in their Declarati¬ on were both clear and particular concerning the privative Part-, viz. that they would extirpate Epifcopacy root and branch •, but as to the pofi- tive Part, what they meant to bring in,they huddled I 2 it ( JiS ) it up in many ambiguous general- Terms . So that whether it would be Presbytery, or Indepen¬ dency or any thing clj'e, God only knew and no Man could pronounce infallibly concerning it: Therefore , that fo long as they flood there, and would come no farther-, he faw not how this Church which holdeth Presbyterian Government to be . Juris Divini, could take them by the Hand. Whereupon he wi fir’d, that before there were any farther proceeding, the Afjembly would be pleas'd to deal with the Englihi CommiJJioners prefent, to defire the Parliament and Divines afjembled at Weft min her to explain themfelves and be as exprefs concerning that which they re- fokPd to introduce, as they had been in that which was to be remov'd. The Moderator paus’d a long time upon Mr. Guthrf s difcQurfe, and at laft made no direct re¬ ply to it. / .nd that which was ftrange was, that alt ho' very many in the Houfe did in their Con¬ fidence approve it (as themfelves afterwards ac¬ knowledg’d in private) yet none of them did fiecond it. Whereby it came to pals, that the Moderator and 1 is AfTelfors had the Beimels committed to them, and Mi Guthrys reward for what he had Ipoken, was, that all the Zea¬ lots cry’d him down as a rotten ' lalignant, and an Enemy to the Caufe, conceiving that his pleading for Presbyterian Government, flow’d not from any love to it, but to baffle the Work. Always the Moderator and his Alfelibrs , which (befkles the leading Minifters, fuch as Mr. Dick , Blair , Cant, Rutherford, 8ce.) were the Marquils of Argile , the Earls of Caffells, Glcncarn, Eglinton . Lindjcy, and Loudon the Chancellor ( 11 9 ) Chancellor, Lords Babnerinocb, Burleigh , Ar- burthnet , and others, under the Name of Ru¬ ling Elders,who having treated at length with the Englifh Comm iff oners, refolv’d in the end upon n League and Covenant to be Sworn and Sub- ferib’d throughout botli Nations. And the fame being fram’d, was by them brought into the Arieiyibly upon the 17th day of Augufl , and twice read oyer when Mr. Matthew Brysbin Minilter of Ereskin ( a Re¬ verend worthy Man) defiling only that before Men wore urg’d to Vote about it, leifure might be given them for feme few days to have their Scruples remov’d •, and for that he was as much fpoken againlt, as Mr. Quthrey had been the other day. And without any delay, the Queftion was prefently (fated, Approve or not ? and the Roll being call’d thereupon, it was by plurality of yokes approv’d. It was not the GuRom in Aflemblies, for any Man (while the Roll was a calling) to inter¬ rupt Voicing by DKcourfes, every one was to anfwer to the Queftion, Yea, or Nay, and no more. Yet, the Lord Maitland was fo taken with a Thought of his own, that he muft needs vent it : So that when his Voice came to be ask’d, he rofe up and fpoke to this fenfe, How upon the 17 th of Auguft (four Tears ago) an Atf pafs'd in that Afjembly for thrujiing Epif copacy out of this Church , and novo upon this 17 th of Auguft alfo an Act was paffng for the extirpation of it out of the Church of England, and that Providence having order'd it fo^ that both happen'd to be on one day\ he thought there I 4 was ( 120 ) was much in it, and that Men might warrants bly thereupon cxpetl glorious confequences to fol¬ low, even farther off than England, ere all was done. This Obfervation was applauded by the moft, as having much quicknefs in it, though others thought it very ridiculous. The next thing done in the Aflembly was, the Election of Com-miffioners to repair to London , to join with the Aflembly of Divines, for pro¬ moting the Work} and the Men pitch’d upon were, Mr. Alexander Henderfon , Mr. Robert Bailey) , Mr. Samuel Rutherford , and Mr. George Gilefp , and as Ruling Elders, with them the Earl of Caffels , Lord Maitland , and Mr. Archi - bald Johnfton. Afterwards the Aflembly fent Mr. Douglas , Dick, Cant , Blair , and others, to the Conven¬ tion of the Eftates, to prefent to them the League and Covenant, and to crave their Ratification thereof, which the Convention granted with much Joy} and fo the Commiflion of the Church being renew’d (by the Aflembly) for that Year, and Orders given for the frequent meeting there¬ of, whereby the better Correfpondence might be maintain’d with thofe that were Commiflionated to go for London , the Aflembly rofe with Tri¬ umph Auguft 19. Upon the 24th. of Auguft the Convention (ha¬ ving now ratified the League and Covenant) did, in purfuance of the ends thereof, publifh at the Market Crofs of Edinburgh a Proclamation, commanding all betwixt Sixty and Sixteen to be fn readinels upon 24 Hours warning, to March when and where they fhould be appointed. ( *21 ) And upon the morrow the 25 th. the Conven¬ tion , (having appointed a Grand Committee to fit conftantly, with ample power in all things that fhould occur) adjourn’d, being to aflemble again when the Committee ftiould give the call. Upon the 30th. of Auguft the Lord Maitland\ Mr. Alexander Henderfon , and Mr. George Gile- Jpy , and with them Mr Hatcher , and Mr. Nye the Preacher, began their Journey to London , in order to get the League and Covenant approv’d and fubfcrib’d there, the reft of the Englijh Com- miflioners being to ftay here until the Covenant lliould be return’d. Upon the arrival of thefe Commiflioners at London there was much joy, and the League and Covenant (which they carry’d up) was without delay allow’d and approv’d, both by the Parlia¬ ment and the Aflembly of Divines-, and after¬ wards return’d hither. Whereupon the Commiflion of the General Aflembly difpatch’d prefently to London Mr. Ro¬ bert Baily , and Mr. Samuel Rutherford , to fhew with what Solemnity the return of the League and Covenant was welcom’d, and to join with the other Commiflioners formerly gone up for promoting the Work. Afterwards the Commiflion of the General Af¬ lembly ordain’d, that without delay it Ihould be fworn and fubfcrib’d throughout this whole King¬ dom, and for that effeU they fent very peremp¬ tory Letters to all Presbyteries within the fame. And becaufe they doubted moft the Presbyte¬ ry of Sterlin , (in regard of the known difaf- feUion of tfle Minifters thereof ) Sir John Brown had Orders given him to Quarter his Tyoops ( 122 s ) Troops in Sterlin , until the lame was done. Upon the 13 th. of Oflober the League and Co¬ venant was folemnly fwom and fubfcrib’d in the great Church of Edinburgh , by the Commiflion of the Church and the Committee of Eftates, to¬ gether with the EngliJJj Commifiioners, viz. Sir William Ermin , Sir Henry Vane , and Mr. Mar- Jhall , who had ftay’d here until this time. After this the Earls and Lords of Council were (by the Committee of Eftates) warn’d (un¬ der ftrift Certifications ) to appear in Edinburgh upon Thurfday the fecond of November , there to fwear and fubfcribe, which many did, to efchew fuffering, but not cordially. Only Hamilton i Lane nek , Roxbrough , Mor¬ ton , and Kinnoul refus’d, whereupon Orders were given out, that their Rents (hould be meddled with, yet nothing follow’d thereupon, for Mor¬ ton and KinnouPs Eftates were fo diftrefs’d at that time, that they were not worth preying on, and for the other three, they had Friends in the Committee. In the mean time News came of hot Work in England , in that fo foon as the League and Co¬ venant had been approv’d by the Parliament and Ailembly of Divines, the People took fuch Heart thereupon, that they quickly concurr’d to the recruiting Ejjex' sArmy-, and it being ftronger than at tirft, he March’d away to raife the Siege of Glocefter , whereof the King having intelli¬ gence , his Majefty left the Siege and went to¬ wards him, fo that they encounter’d near New¬ bury , where was a Bloody Battel, (with great jofs on both fides) upon Offober 23. The ( 12 ? ) The Committee of Eftates being certify’d here¬ of, proceeded more quickly towards a Levy, and it further’d the Bufinels much, that upon No¬ vember 29. there arriv’d at Leith one of the Par¬ liament’s Ships , wherein was 50000/. Sterling, lent by the Parliament to our Committee of E- ftates, lor promoting the Work. Old Lefley , now Earl of Leven , was (without controverfie) elected General, as before. The Earl of Calendar had an offer of the Lieu¬ tenant General’s Place, which he had formerly executed, but he declined it-, neither were they very earneft about it, doubting very much his affection, and withal having David Lefley to prefer. The Lord Ereskin obftinately refus’d to take Command, ( which made them afterwards do him all the harm they could) fo that the Regi¬ ment of Sterlinfhire , ( which had been prefs’d upon him) was embrac’d by another, who had as much realon as any to have flood for the King 5 this was the Lord Levi ngft on ^ and fo foon as the noife went that he had engag’d, many prophe- cy’d that Calendar would alfo tack about e’re long, in regard that Levingfton then having moft of his fubftance from him, it was prefum’d he would not have comply’d without his allowance. The Lord Montgomery alfo embrac’d a Regi¬ ment , fo did divers others , who formerly had profels’d difaffection to the Caufe. The Commillion of the General Aflembly, to fhew their Zeal to the Caufe, would needs have a Regiment of Black Coats let forth, and there¬ fore ordain’d every Minifter throughout the Kingdom, (as he would be anfwerable) to afford a < 124 ) * Soldier for making up a Regiment, to be under the Command of Arthur Ereskrin of Scotfcraig , which many of them obey'd willingly, others by conftraint. As alfo the Commilfion appointed a National Fait, to be obferv’d upon Sunday January the 7 th. and the Wednefday following for a Blelfing upon the Army. The Regiments by the middle ol 'December began to March Southward, and in their way receiv’d Orders from the General to make their Rendezvouz before the 1 It. of January at Hair- law, within four Miles of Berwick. Whereof the King having gotten certain infor¬ mation, the Earl of Montrojs and the- Lord Ogil- by , (and their adherents, Lodovick Earl Craw¬ ford , the Earl of Niddefdale , the Lord Aboyn , and Rae) began to be better look’d upon at Court than before, and his Majefty could not forbear exclaiming againft my Lord Hamilton , who by his undertaking to hinder a Levy, had made him fo fecurethat nothing had been attempted for prevention of it. In the mean time Duke Hamilton , ( for his Patent had pals’d the Seals two Months before) and his Brother the Earl of Dane rick, (prefuming they had enough to fay for their own excufe) went from Scotland towards the King, but being arrived at Oxford (before they had feen his Face) were by his order made Prifoners, the Duke was fent to Pendennis Caftle, and Lanerick confin’d in his Chamber, from whence Ihortly after (by means of James Cunningham , one of his Majefty’s a£lual Servants) he made his efcape, and went ftra ight ( 1*5 ) ftraight to the Scots Commiflioners at London , to whom lie was very welcom. 1644.. B Y the firft of January the Army was conve¬ ned at Hair law , and to attend the General, and be afhfting in Council ^ there came thither alfo a Committee, whereof the Marquifs of Ar~ gile was the principal. But at home there fell out upon January the 5th. a Tumult in Edinburgh , whereby the Grand Committee receiv’d fome Affront •, it was occa- fion’d by a Motion of my Lord Balmennocb , (whofe Genius led him to be very happy in Plot¬ ting) for an Excife to be impos’d upon feveral Goods, to be a ftock of Credit, for the better maintenance of the Army fo foon as the noife of it fpread abroad, the whole Citizens, (except fome few that were moft Bigotted) rofe in a mu¬ tinous way, compafsM the Houle where the Com¬ mittee fate, exclaim’d again!! that Act of Ty¬ ranny, and threatned, that unlefs it were repeal’d, they would tear Balmerinoch in pieces. To compofe the Tumult the Committee dif charg’d it for that time, until the whole Con¬ vention of Eftates fhould meet, which was ap¬ pointed to be upon January 25, and this being intimated to the People they disbanded. Mr. Dick, Douglas, Blair and other Commift fioners of the General AiTembly, who had a prime Influence upon publick Affairs, were high¬ ly difpleas’d at the affront the Committee had receiv’d, as alfo that the Motion (to the con¬ triving ( 12/5 ) triving whereof, they had been concurring with Balmerincch ) had profper’d no better. And for remedy, concluded that the Commif- fion of the Affembly fliould fit down January 17th, to prepare the People againft the Diet of the Convention, to give way to the Excife* Wherein the Church-men were fo fuccefsfulj that notwithftanding the Lurry which had been exprefs’d upon the firff hearing of it, yet when the Convention of Eifates affembled at the day appointed, not fo much as one Man in all the City was heard to fpeak againft it *, and fo by the Authority of the Convention, the Excife was concluded, and Proclamation thereanent prefently publifh’d at the Mercat Crofs. Where¬ fore the Caufe Triumph’d, and met with no oppofition any where throughout the Land, for having two Armies (whereof the one in Ireland and the other in England) they became fo formidable that all Men behoov’d to Submit. The Burghs were all cordially for them, (none excepted) yea, they were more furidus than any other Corporations. There were of the Shires fix’d their way, the Shire of Fife ( which had always been forward in any thing that was call’d Reformation) and the whole Weftern Shires, viz. Galloway, Car- richKyle, Cunningham, Renfrew or Clydefdale-, among all which, there was not one Man talk’d of being difaffefited to them, except Sir Da¬ vid Cunningham of Robert-land, Sir Robert Douglas of Bridgend, and Mr. Archibald hie tu¬ rning of Reel CommifTary of Glafgoe. In the Southern Shires ( Niddefdale and Johnfton, with fome others of their Friends, being C 127 ) being excepted) - the whole Claris were for them, and thofe of the Name of Scot beyond the reft. The Shires in the heart of the Kingdom (viz, the Lothians, Angus , Morns , Perth , and Ster- lin Shires) were not fo generally affefted their way *, yet they had in each of them fome, in whom they might confide, who carried through their affairs in their Meetings. In the North, their Confidence was in the Earl of Southerland , with the Forbes's and Fra¬ ziers •, otherwife the generality of the People did not favour them, except fome particular Perfons, ftich as the Lairds of Innes and Brody, and Dr. Douglas in Bantfe , and fuch others as this Douglas , who affected to be Zealots that way, that they might get the Employments, whereby they might benefit themfelves. The greateft diffatisfaflion to the Caule, was Northwards, beyond Grampion Hills among the Highlanders. For altho’ thofe in the Weftera Highlands, fubjecl to Argilc and Glenvrch'art were for them, yet the Eaftern parts were not fo. The Countrys of Athol , Mar, BadenoJ\ Lochaber , Kintaile, Petty Strath done, Strathfpey , &c. with moft of the Ifles were Malignants, being Conformable to their Superiors, the Mar- quifs of Huntley, the Earls of Alar, Athol, Murray, Seaforth, and the Lairds of Grant v Mac. Intofh, and Lochaber. Many of the Ancient Nobility abltor’d their Courfe, yet that was no difcouragement to-the. others, in regard they had not fuch followers as to render them capable to affront it. Which fell out partly thro* the giddinefs of the times ^' but ( ) but more by the Way his Majefty had taken at the beginning of his Reign * at which time he did recover from divers of them their Heredita¬ ry Offices, and alfo prefs’d them to quit their Tithes (which formerly had kept the Gentry in a dependance upon them) whereby they were fo weakn’d, that now when he Rood molt in need of them(except the Chief of the C/^j-)they could Command none but their Vaflals. There were alfo among the Miniifry, who diflik’d their way, yet for fear of fuffering, comply’d therewith. For now this new model'd Commiffion of the General Alfembly (notwith- ftanding the fair profeffions made two Years ago, when it was firft Eftablifh’d at St. An¬ drews) afiiimeda Legiflative Power, and en¬ join’d Obedience to their A£ts, Sub pxna : Yea, they became fo Tyrannical, that it may be admir’d how fo much Violence and Cru- elty (as already began to appear amongftthem) could lodge in the Brealts of Church-Men, who pretended to fuch Piety, as did Mr. Doug- las , Dick , Blair, Cant , and fome others, who over-ruled the Commillion always ^ there be¬ ing nothing but the worft they could do, to be expefted by any that fliould happen in the leaft to oppofe them. This prevail’d upon Men to fubmit for efchewing Perlecution. So all went well with the Caufe ^ and the Marquifs of Argile returning from the Army, reported to the Committee of Eftates and Com- miffion of the Aflembly, how after they had lain fome days before Newcaftle (which yet held out, the Earl of Newcaftle with a confi- dterabie Army being in it) they had (before [ *29 ] his coming away) crofs’d the River at New* burn (having left Sir Janies hunjdall with five Regiments to attend on this fide thereof) and march’d without oppofition to Sunderland: He alfo reported, how that fhortly after the Earl of Nevocafile ( having left a Party in the Town for defending the fame ) had drawn iorth his Army, and come up to the Scotch Army, and that thereupon there had enfued a hot Fight, where¬ in the Earl of Newcafile was fo far worited, that fince, he had withdrawn, and gone with the remainder of his Army Southward to York. Thefe Difcourfes of Argile's furnifh’d mat¬ ter of rejoicing at Edinburgh , and the report went current, that there was no lefs Joy in the Army at his coming away, in regard that as that Nobleman was generally conftrutfed not to be very Rout, fo the Soldiery had an appre- henfion, that his Company was unfortunate in' War, and that they would profper the better to be rid of him. This being but a Fancy, would feem to have merited no great Obfervation, yet the Com- milfion of the General Aflembly laid fuch Weight on it, as to efteem it a prefumption that the Army was in danger to turn Malig¬ nant*, for preventing whereof, it was refolv’d, that Mr. Robert Douglas fhould go up, and fet all right *, who (having deputed Mr. William Bennet to moderate in the Affembly in his ab- fence) took his Journey the Week following. In the mean time, the Scotch Army in Ireland being in great want of Subfiffance,and having no fupply fent them, on their former advertifement, ik they [ >3° 3 they refolv’d to come over. And two Regi¬ ments arriv’d, before the Committee of Eftates knew any thing of it, viz. the Lord Sinclarr* s Regiment, which marched to Sterlin and quar¬ ter’d there, and the Earl of Lothian s Regi¬ ment, which fettled at Glafgoe. Hereupon the Committee difpatch’d the Earl of Glencarn , Sir Mungo Campbell of Lowers^ and Sir Frederick Hamilton to deal with the reft not to ftir. But before their arrival in Ireland , Lower* s own Regiment was come over, and quarter’d themfelves in Clydfdale upon the Earl of Carnwatlf s Land : With the reft they prevail'd ro ftay in Ireland , upon aftfurance that before the loth of April Inftant, a confiderable Supply Ihould be lent them * which was perform’d. Thus all things were quieted at home, and the Lords of the Council and the Commiffio*’ ners of the General Aftembly were very jovial at Edinburgh. But their Mirth was foon marr’d, by an ad- vertifement they had from the North, that the Marquifs of Huntley > (having the King’s Com - million for that EneH) had taken the Field, with a confiderable Body of Men. Whereupon, the Convention of the Eftates was call’d to meet upon April the ioth. asalfo the Commiftion of the General Aftembly, with¬ out whom nothing could be refolv’d upon. And thofe Judicatures being fat, the firft thing that occurr’d, was the receiving of the Earl of Lanerick , who (being lately come down from the Commilfioners at London ) ap¬ pear’d, and gave fuch evidences of his deep forrow for adhering to the King fo long (with fuch C »?* ] fuch malicious reflexions upon his Sacred Ma- jefty, that I forbear to exprefs them, alt ho’ I was an Ear-Witnels of them, as made his con¬ vention to be ungrateful ) and fo was receiv’d to the Covenant. And aXed afterwards fo vigoroufly in the Caufe, that ere long he was preferr’d to be a Ruling Elder. The next thing thefe Judicatures went a- bout, was how Huntley's InfurreXion fhould be crulhed ^ for which end a Commiffion was given to the Marquifs of Argile , and he pre- fently to raife three Regiments:, one in Fife, to be Commanded by the Lord Elcbo, another in Angus , to be Commanded by the Earl of Kingborn , and the third in Perth-Shire, to be Commanded by the Laird of Freeland. And (that the Spiritual Sword might be concurring) the Summary Excommunication of the Ringleaders in that Riling was decreed, viz. of the Marquifs of Huntley , the Lord of Drumm the Younger, and Robert Irwin his Brother, the Laird of Haddo , and Thomas Hay his Servant, the Laird of Skeen , the Laird of Tipper ty, and Mr. James Kennedy , hunt- ley's Secretary ^ and the Sentence was pronoun¬ ced by Mr. John Adamfon. By this time the Marquifs of Argile had gotten up his three Regiments, and therewith marched Northwards : Upon the knowledge whereof, the Marquifs of Huntley very poor¬ ly disbands, and leaves his Friends to their Shifts, himfelf retiring to Stranavar a High- Land Country, belonging to the Lord Raes to lurk there, l k 2 The [ * 3 2 1 The Laird of Haddo (who had been with him ) and Captain Logie, the Son of a learned Minifter, that for his Loyalty was already twice depos’d ) with fome Soldiers, did betake themfelves to the Cattle of Haddo , and Forti¬ fied it lo, that it might well have endured Ar- gile’s fury. But he coming before it, went more craftily to work, by offering fair Quarters to the Soldiers , and all others within the Houle, except to the Laird himfelf and Captain Logie : Upon which they embrac’d the Condi¬ tions, and having firft bound (with Fetters ) the Laird and the Captain, they did call open the Gates to Argile, who being enter’d, pre- fently fent thofe two Gentlemen Prifoners to the Lollbooth of Edinburgh , and Ihortly after, him- felf return’d thither in Triumph. The Jollity which this Succefs in the North, occafioned to the Lords of the Committe and Commiffioners of the Church was not ended, before they were llartled again with an Allarm from the South, that the Marquifs of Montrofs ( for that Title the King had lately confer’d up¬ on him ) being accompanied with a conliderable Number of Soldiers (which by the Earl of NcwcaJlHs favour he had levied in We flnorland) had taken in the Town of Dumfrieze , and had there fet up his Majetty’s Standard. This Invalion was look’d upon as a more for¬ midable attempt than the other, in regard of the extraordinary Abilities wherewith Montrofs was endued (even his Enemies being Judges) and therefore the Committee of Eftares concluded, that for oppofing of him, an Army fhould pre- fendy be levied, by calling forth the Eighth Man [ >35 1 Man throughout the whole Land : And having pitch’d upon the Earl of Callendar to be Gene¬ ral thereof he did (without Ceremony) embrace the Preferment, notwithltanding that before Mont refs’$ withdrawing, he had confederated with him in the defign which he was now car¬ rying on. The Earl of Callendor having engag’d, went about his Levies; but before he had made much Progrefs, the Marquilsof Montrofs was repuls’d and forced to retreat to Carlifie \ in regard that upon the appearance of a Scottifh Party led on by the Sheriff of Tiviotdale ; thofe Englifh that he brought with him, did all fee on the fuddain. The caufe whereof he judg’d to be this, that molt of them being levy’d in Sir Richard Gra > ham's Bounds, had been corrupted by their Ma¬ iler, who (owing his Rife, from a very low de.- gree to a puiffant Eilate, to the King's Bounty) paid him home, as many others had done that were advanc’d by him. For Mont r of s attempt, the Co mm iff on of the General Affembly decreed the Summary Ex- communication of him, with the Earls of Crawr Jord and Niddefdale , and Lords Ogilby , Aboyne , •and others that attended them. The Sentence whereof was pronounc’d in the great Church of Edinburgh upon April 26th, and very pe¬ remptory Orders lent to all the Minifters through¬ out tiie Kingdom to make Intimation of it. Notwithltanding Montrofs repulfe, the Earl of Callendar proceeded in his Levy, and having upon the 28th of April Multer’d at Douglas 5000 Men,from thence he march’d forward with them to Dimfrieze , where they halted until i k 3 SinclarcH C *54 1 Sinclare 's Regiment (which then quarter’d in Sterling) (hould come to them. That Regiment was efteem’d fpmewhat Malignant, yet having raceiv’d ftribt Orders from the Committee for that effect, it remov’d from Sterlin May 6th, and went up to the Earl of Callcniar then at Dum~ frieze. In place whereof, was fent fo Command in Sterlin from their Weft-quarters a Regiment be¬ longing to the Earl of Callendar. For that Town was the more adverted to, both in regard that it is the moft confiderable Pafs in the King¬ dom, and alfo becaufe of the Diffatisfa£tion both of Minifters and People thereabouts, efpe- cially the Houfe of Mar?\ who are Hereditary Governors of the Caftle of Sterlin. Upon May 29th the General Affembly fat down at Edinburgh without any Commiftioner from his Majefty. In it the proceedings of the late Commiftion were approv’d, and thanks gi¬ ven them for their Fidelity and Diligence : And then the Commiftion was renew'd for the Year to come-, and fo the Affembly rofeupon June 4th, having remitted all Affairs to the new Com¬ miftion. The Marquifs of Montrofs fince his retreat from Dun frieze had not been Idle, for by this time he had gotten up in the North parts of England a confiderable Number of Men, and had therewith routed the Garrifon of Morpeth , and put Provifions into the Town of Newcafile. Upon Notice whereof, the Committee of Eftates order’d the Eatl of Callendar to march into England , and take order with Montrofs. The firft part he obey'd, but not the fecond. For [.*30 For prefently he left Dumfriezc , and advanc'd !! through Northumberland , but inhead of med- ling with Montrofs (who was then in a good pofture) he directed his Courfe to the Town of Newcaftle and laid Siege to it, a task where¬ with he was well acquainted, having been bred moftly in the Holland War. For before this time General Lefley had left it, and drawn his Army Southward, to join with Mancheftcr and Fairfax-, in Befieging the City of Fork, in which was the Earl of New¬ caftle and his Army. And this was the period of time, at which the King’s bufinefs began to decline, whereof a main reafon was laid to be this. In January laft, the King had put out a Declaration, fummonin^ his Parliament of England to leave Weft min fie r , and to fit at Oxford , with a Promife of Pardon to all that came thither. Whereupon many of the Houfe of Peers, and fome of the Commons alfo, affembled at Oxford , and there made fair profefiions of their Loyalty •, among which one was , that they fent a Letter ( fign’d by Fifty four Hands which I faw at it ) to the Council of Scot¬ land , and to the Conferva tors of Peace-, let¬ ting forth their ditlike of the Scotch Invafi- on, and wifhing a fair and juft courfe to be taken for preventing Blood-filed in both Na¬ tions , which otherwife might enfue The Carriers of the Letter (having General Lef- ley's Pafs ) were permitted to come in and deliver the Letter , and had alfo the liberty of a fafe return. i k 4 Yet C *j« ] . Yet it was publickly talk } d here, that thofe who came to Oxford upon his Majefty s Sum¬ mons , meant not to be very faithful to him, but rather ( by that Stratagem ) to do thofe whom they had deferted at Weftminfter bet¬ ter Service , than they could have done be¬ ing with them , by advifing his Majefty to Courfes which tended to his Ruine. Whether there was a Reafon or not for this Conftrudion, I leave undetermined : But cer¬ tain it is, that as the leaving of Weftminfter and coming thither, procured them fuch Truft, that his Majefty was led by their Councels : So his Affairs did thereafter more and more miC carry $ and his moft fecret Projeds came to be underftood by his Enemies .* Whereof the moft Loyal and Gallant General Rutbven did often warn his Majefty, but could not get it re¬ medied. The Scotch Parliament fate down at Edin¬ burgh upon June 4th, there being no Com- miftioner there from the King. The Earl of Lauderdale was defied Pre- fident thereof, Mr. Andrew Cant , by the Com- miftipners of the General Affembly was ap¬ pointed to Preach at the opening of the Par¬ liament , wherein he fatisfied their expedition fully. For the main Point he drove at in his Sermon , was to ftate an Gppofition be¬ twixt King Charles and King Jefus ( as he was pleas'd to fpeak) and upon that ac¬ count , to prefs Refiftance to King Charles for the intereif of King Jefus . It may be wondered that fuch Dodrine Should have relifh’d with Men brought up in the L *37 ] the Knowledge of the Scriptures $ and yet, fuch was the madnefs of the Times, that none who Preach’d in Publick fince the be¬ ginning of the Troubles , had been fo cried up, as he was for that Sermon. The City of York being then ftraitly Block¬ ed up by Lefley\ Manchefter's and Fairfax\ Armies, the King fent Prince Rupert with his Army for the Relief thereof. Upon the knowledge of his approach, they left the Siege , and return’d with their Armies fome Miles off, towards Long Mar- fton Moor , fo that without any difficulty, he put Provilions into the City. And had his Highnefs refted fatisfied therewith, and gone home, all had been well. Or yet, if he had lingred till the Marquifs of Montrofss arri¬ val , (who halted towards him with the Men he had drawn together in the North of En¬ gland ) he had been much the Itronger. But before Montrofs could reach him, he went towards them, and engaged in Battel. At firft the Succefs favour’d the Prince fo far, that Lefley, Mancbefter , and Fairfax did all Flee many Miles (and which is more, Mr. Robert Douglas himfelf ) only Oliver Crom¬ well with the Party he Commanded, and David Leflcy with the Scotch Horfe Rood to it, and Fought fo eagerly, as chang’d fome^ what the Fortune of the Day , and made the Defeat: to be reckon’d on Prince Rupert's fide; which was the lefs, in that it being within two hours of Sun. fetting before they engag’d. Night prevented an abfolute ViUory. This was upon July 2d. Of C I}* 3 Of the Scots, there died ( befides Inferiors) but one Nobleman, the Vifcount of Didop , who, being fore wounded in the Fight, ex¬ pir’d fliortly after, and his Fall was the more remarkable, in regard, that being in his Heart a true Royalift, yet, he not only embrac’d, but (by his uttermoft intereft) procured to himfelf the Command of a Regiment, that fo he might avoid the Sufferings, which all were made to endure at home that own’d the King. After the Battel (the Earl of Newcaftle having efcap’d ) the City of York furrender d to Fairfax upon ordinary Conditions •, and withal that no Scots fhould be permitted to enter. Whereupon General Leflev brought back his Army to Newcaftle , to join with the Earl of Callendar for the carrying that Town. Prince Rupert being upon his Retreat from that unfortunate Battel, the Marquifs came up to him, and after Conference with his Highnefs, left with him his Forces. And himfelf with fome Noblemen and Gen¬ tlemen that attended him, came Northward to Durham (which yet held for the King) uncertain what Courfe to take *, for to flay in England , they were in danger to be catch- ed by the Parliament’s Troopers, who fines the Battel of Marfion Moor fpread every where, ( many who before lay by, having now de¬ clar’d for them.) And to come to Scotland would be worfe, for that he heard nothing yet of the Landing of the Irifh in Scotland ^ notwithifanding that when he embrac’d his Com- [ i39 3 Commifiion, the Earl of Antrim had under¬ taken to his Majelty, to Land before that time ioooo Irifh in the North of Scotland ., to be under Montrofs’s Command: Belides, in cafe through Misfortunes he Ihould hap¬ pen to come into his Enemies Hands, there was no hopes of Mercy, in regard their Vi¬ olence was come to that height, that now they even began to cut off Mens Heads up¬ on Scaffolds for their Loyalty. For on the 19th. of July the Laird of Haddo and Captain Logie were both Behead¬ ed at the Market Crofs of Edinburgh , for their being with Huntley in his InfurreHion; and Ihortly after John Maxwell of Logan , in the Shire of Dumfrize , had the lame mea- fure given him in the lame place, for being fuppos’d to have befriended Montrofs of late, while he was there. And the Earl of Crawford , General Ruth- ven , and General King , were (without any citation ) fore faulted at the Crofs of Edin¬ burgh , and the Title and Honour of the Earl of Crawford bellowed upon the Earl of Li : nd- fey , and he alfo made Treafurer of Scotland , inllead of the four Commiffioners, which in the Year 1641 the King and Parliament appointed for that effect. Thefe Emergents might well reprefent to him how dangerous it was to come home, yet (taking Neceflity for his Councellor) he did refolve it, and begun next to think up¬ on the way *, Forces he had none, therefore could not come openly, and even in difguife wanted not hazard, in regard that all Paf- fes [ i4o ] fes were guarded^ yet he refolved upon the laft. So lyodovick , Earl of Crawford , choofing to retire to the Garrifon of Newcaftle , and the Lord Aboyn to ftay at Car life , while he fhould hear from him, Montrofs difpatch- cd the Lord Ogilby , (in whom he confided much) and with him the remnant of Gentle¬ men that had attended him to the King with Inftru&ions relating to the Enterprize he was now to attempt, who were fo unfortu¬ nate as to fall among Lome of the Parlia? menfs Troopers as they pafs’d through Lan¬ cashire, to whom after a hot Fight they were forced to furrender upon Quarter, and fo were fent Prifoners to Hull, from whence the Governor thereof guarded them with a Convoy to General Lefey at Newcaflle. The Marquifs of Montrofs being now fe- parated from them, himfelf and two only, whom he chofe to attend him, viz. Colo¬ nel Sibbald , and Sir William Rollock , taking on the Habits of Troopers, ventur’d on the journey , and without difcovery arrived at the Houfe of Tillebilton , ( near the foot of the Grampian Hills ) where dwelt his intimate Friend James Graham of Inchbrea- kie, there he lurk’d for fome days, longing to hear of the Irijh which Antrim had un¬ dertaken to fend over-, and the firft thing that refrefhed him was, the News that the Scotch Parliament, ( having appointed * Committee to fit in the interim ) had adjourn’d to the 2d. of January next, in regard that the Marquifs of Argile b.ehoo- [ » 4 » 1 ved to go home and look to his Country, becaufe of an Advertifement he had recei¬ ved , that home Irijl) were landed there} and within three days after the Courfe which thofe Irijh had taken came to be publick- ly known, viz. how they firlt touch’d upon the Coaft of the Webern Lands at Arno-Mur- chan , and having there taken in and fortified the Cable of Migne , and had committed to the Garrifon which they fettled in it the cubo- dy of two Prifoners, viz. Mr. James Hamil¬ ton , and Mr. John Wier , Minibers, whom they had taken at Sea, being on their return from Ireland , where they had been getting Hands to their League and Covenant. After this they fail’d Eabward, and landed at the Ille of Slait, belonging to Sir Donald Gorram , and from thence march’d to Badenoch ^ all this came to MontrofsH knowledge, and the next day his joy was yet more encreas’d’ by a Letter fent from Alexander Mac Donald their Chief Commander, direfted to the Marquifs of Montrojs , and recommended to the care of Bat rick Graham of Inchbrekie for di (patch, Alac Donald being ignorant that hAontroj's was in Scotland. Montrojs having received the Letter, wrote back to Mac Donald , (who yet halted at Bade¬ noch) that without delay he fhould march down to Atholl , where he would meet him. And fo the next day Montrojs and his worthy Coufin Inchbreakie , (having atti¬ red themfelves in the Habits of ordinary Highlanders) went away towards Atholl , and arriving there the next day , they met [ 142 ] met Mac Donald with his People * to their mutual Joy. The number of the Irijh , (inflead of Ten Thoufand, promifed by the Earl of Antrim) amounted fcarcely to Twelve Hundred but fo foon as Montrofs produced his Commiflion and began to Command, the Men of Atholl and Badenoch , (who had refufed formerly to join with Mac Donald) did cordially rife, and fwel- led Montrofs's Army to the number of 3000. The News hereof was not grievous to the Young Laird of Drumrn , and Robert Irwin his Brother, who after Hunt ley's disbanding, (to efcape fuffering) had embark’d for Holland , and by Storm were driven upon Kaitnes , where they retired to the Houfe of a Gentleman Sir- named Sinclair , (in whom they had a near In- tereft) expeHing fhelter from him until the Wind fhould favour them-, but there having been a Price fet upon their Heads, his eagernefs to have the Money made him betray them into the Hands of their Enemies, whereupon a Fort¬ night ago they had been carried Prifoners to the Xolbooth of Edinburgh , in which place they were now waiting for their Doom. The Committee of Eftates being certified that the Marquifs of Montrofs was at the Head of the Irijh , did prefently caufe an Army to be drawn out of Fife and Perthjhire , in order to encounter him, ordering the People of Fife to be Commanded by the Lord Elcho , and thofe of Perthjhire by the Earl of Xillibardin , then very furious in the Caufe. Thefe being levied had their Rendezvouz at Perth , whither the Lord Kilpont had alfo brought C 14 ? 3 brought from Montath , and other Weftern parts of Perthjhire , Four Hundred Men ^ but fo foon as Mont rofs defcended towards his Adver- faries, Kilpont delivered up his Men to him. And upon Sunday the ift. of September a Battel being Fought at Tippermure , Montrofs obtained an abfolute Viftory, notwithftanding the great odds of numbers, for the Covenanters were reckoned Six Thoufand Foot, and Six Hun¬ dred Horle, whereas Montrofs's Foot exceeded not Thirteen Hundred, (befides Kilpont's Men, in whom he did not confide, in that they had been brought in againft their Will) and for Horfe he had only three, whereof two were for his own Saddle, and the third for Sir William RolloclPs , who being fomewhat Lame from his Child¬ hood, could not well march on Foot. By this ViHory, as Montrofs' s Irijh came to be provided both of Cloaths and Arms, (where¬ of they had neither before ) fo the Committee of Eftates were ftartled to that degree, that they refolved to fend up the Lord Chancellor to London. For befides thofe whom the Kirk had Com- milfionated to refide there, for concurring with the Divines at Weflminfter , the Parliament had alfo nominated divers to attend the Parliament of England, for carrying on the Confederation between them •, and thofe named by the Par¬ liament for that end were, the Chancellor, Ar- gile , Maittellan , Balmerinoch , Sir Charles Are - skin , Sir Archibald Johnjion , Hugh Kennedy Burgefs of Air, and Mr. Robert Barclay Bur- gefs of Irwin but it being neceflary that the Chancellor, Argile , and Balmerinoch . fhould ufuall^ [ *44 ] ufually flay at home, (to fit at the Helm) the/ therefore went not up, unlefs upon Solemn Occafions, whereas the reft remained always at London , of which they had no reafon to com¬ plain , in that befides the Gratuities which they received there, they had allowed by Scot/and for their Maintenance in Scots Money per diem every Earl 48 /. every Burgefs 24 /. and every Minifter 18 /. But the particular occafion of the Chancel¬ lor’s going up at this time was faid to be this, viz. That the King was thought to be brought fo low, that the Parliament of England begun to believe themfelves able to profecute the Work, without the affiftance of the Scots , and that thereupon they begun to undervalue them, and to wifh to be rid of them *, fo that the Par¬ liament of Scotland , hating confidered, that if the Parliament of England fiiould hear the worft of Mont rof s’s late Vi£lory, it would fo¬ ment that Unbrotherly Humor in them, they therefore held it neceftary that the Lord Chan¬ cellor fliould go up to put a good face on things* and to deal for a continuance of a right under- ftanding between the two Parliaments. After the ViHory of Tippermuire * the Town of Perth did prefently furrender to Montrofs , wherein after having ftay’d three days, he croft fed the River Tay , and marched Ealtward to Angus , where the Earl of Airly (and his two Sons, Sir Thomas and Sir David Ogilbf s ) with fome of his Friends, together with the Earl of Kinnoul , and a few Gentlemen from the Earl of Gozvrie^ and Colonel Nathaniel Gordon from the North joined him. C 12 9 ) The firft Place Montrofs call’d at in his march was Qollace , where he was robbed of his Friend the Lord Ki/pont by a treacherous Aflaffination, which James Stuart of Arverlicbie committed; This Man, Kilpont had chofen for his intimate Friend ^ and altho’ his Father the Earl of Airtb had often warned him to (hake him off, yet would he not, but continued to be ruled by him in all his Affairs, and even in his joining Montrofs he had his Allowance and Direction. But after¬ wards this Stuart repented it, and began to think of falling off; and being witty, confidered that he would not obtain pardon from the other Par¬ ty, unlefs he did fome meritorious Aft whereby to ingratiate himfelf: Hereupon he propoled to himfelf, either the killing of Montrofs or Mack- dona/d ; and becaufe he could hardly accomplifh fuch a Work alone, therefore (having flept all Night by my Lotd Kilpont ) he did in the twi¬ light of the Morning draw him out of the midft of the Artriv to refrefh himfelf with a walk in the Fields, and then told him his Pur pole, and (for both their good ) intreated his Concurrence therein. The Lord Kilpont abhorred the Motion, as being molt difgraceful and devilifh $ where¬ upon (without more ado) left he fhould difcover him, he ftabbed the Nobleman ere he was aware, and immediately fled thereupon and went ftrait to the Marquis of Argile , who thought it a piece of lb good Service, that he not only countenanced him and procured his Pardon for having join’d Montrofs , but alio preferred him to a high Place of Command in the Army. The Marquis of Montrofs was deeply aifeffed with the Lofs of fo noble a Friend, and gave Order for conveying his Body in an honoura- K bis ( ! 3 ° ) ble Manner to Monteith , where it was inter¬ red. After this Mont rofs parted from Collace , and having frighted the Town of Dundee , continued his March through Angus and Mearns , towards the Shire of' Aberdeen ^ having greateft Expecta¬ tion of Peoples joining him in the Northern Patrs. And the Committee of Eftates having put the Commilfion upon the Marquis of Argile and the Earl of Lothian, to go againft him, Argile with his Highlanders came upon the 5 th of September to Sterling and next Day the Earl of Lothian alfo. There they levied very quickly the Men of Ster- linefhire , as alfo brought Lothian's Regiment ( which not long before had come over from Ire/and ) and with thole they marched forward upon the 10th to St. John ft on , where the People 01 Fife met them, as alio two Regiments of Horle from Hemaftle, called Home for that End, viz. the Lord Bargcnnys Regiment and Sir Fre¬ deric Hamilton's . And thus being made as ftrong as they defired, they began their march from St. Johnfon towards Aberdeenfhire upon the 14th Day. When the firft News that occur’d to them was concerning another Victory Montrofs had upon the 1 2 th Day obtained at Aberdeen^ in this man¬ ner •, The Lord Burleigh being there to execute fome Commands put upon him by the Committee of Eftates (hearing of AD,?/r^/fs being in thole Parts) call’d to him the Forbefes and the Fraizers , ( all which were furious in the Caule) with fuch of the Name of Gordon as chole to follow (the Marquis of Huntleys Son) Lodovic Gordon^ who was there in Perlon * and they being got together, brought forth alfo the Citizens of Aberdeen , and ( I 3 I ) the Lord Elchos Regiment, which at that time quartered there to keep the Country in order. Montrofs hearing thereof, marched towards them, and after fome difpute, obtained an abfo- lute Victory, although their Numbers at that time alfo were very unequal * for of Foot they were reckoned to be above 2500, and of Horle 500 $ whereas Montrofs had of Horfe 44, and Foot fcarce 1600. The Men of Athol and Badenoch\ which after Tippermore Fight had gone Home with the Spoil, not being yet returned 5 and KiU pout's Men all Role away fince his Death* After the Battel, Montrofs had the Town fur- rendred to him $ where he (hewed great Mercy, both pardoning the People and protecting their Goods. And having refrelhed his Army there for two Days, did (upon the 15 th) march Northward* Argile and Lothian with their Army followed him, yet with fuch flownels, that in Montrofs 's whole Progrefs throughout the North of Scotland^ they never came up to him, and when upon the 4th of October he returned to Athol ^ they were eight Days march behind him. Whereupon Montrofs retted his Army there, until he had dilpatched Mac Donald with a Par¬ ty of 500 Men towards the Far Highlands , to in¬ vite the Laird, of Mac Lane , the Captain of Clai * ranald and others to join him } and then marched down to Dunkeld , and irom thence Eaftward through Angus , toward Brechin and Montrofs^ where he ttaid 10 Days refrelhing himfelf ana his Army. And all this while it was wondred what, had, become of Argile and Lothian, with their Army, but at length upon October 14. they came to A- thoL and defending towards the Stormont^ went K 2 E oft C 132 ) Eafl through Angus after Montrofs , who by that time was marched towards the North again. In the mean time the Committee of Eltates and Commiffion of the General Aflembly, were very angry, that he was not already Iwallowed up, and exercifed their Wrath upon liich as they could reach. So by their Order the Earl of Heartfel , the Laird of Hempsfield, with divers of the Name of Maxvoel, were imprifoned in the Caille of E- dinburgh. And of Montrofs’ s Friends (to bear them Company) the Laird of Eintry the younger, the Matter of Meade rly\ the Lairds of Breako , Urebel, and Inchbreakie the elder: And in theTol- booth of Edinburgh were put Captain Melvi /, Henry Graham Montrofs 3 s Natural Brother, (and Anlrew Graham, his Servant) who being taken in the North of Eng land fad been fent hither to the Committee: As alfo Archibald Lord Napier^Mon- t ref Vs Brother-in-Law, Archib. Matter of Napier his Son, and Sir Geo. Sterling of Keir his Son in- Law,all confined to the Lord Napiers Lodgings or Apartment in holy-rood-houfe , not to ftir from •thence,each of them under pain of 1000 /. Sterling. Likewife divers Aflaffins were fecretly employ¬ ed ( and large Rewards promifed them for it ) to murther Montrofs and Mac Donald , and for that End had Permiffion given them to join their Army, whereby they might have the better Op¬ portunity •, but Providence difappointed that Plot. The Commiffion of the General Aflembly ex¬ communicated Col. Nathaniel Gordon , and ap¬ pointed a Faft to be kept throughout the King¬ dom, and in their Armies at Home and Abroad, upon the laft Sabbath of Oclober and Wednefday * follow- C 133 ) following, for Succels againft Mont refs. And ere the Diet thereof came, they were lifted up with the News they received anent the taking of Newcaftle , which upon the 9th Day was taken by Storm, yet without much Blood. Sir James bumf dale was made Governour of it, and James Sword Burgefs of St. Andrews , Colleflor of the Cuftoms. They found in it, and made Prifbners , Lodovick , Earl of Crawford , Lords Maxwel and Rays , "Thomas Ogilby of Powry, and Dr. Wijhart , Minifter thereof, who were all fent Home to Edinburghy and at their arrival it was debated in the Committee (at the Infbgation of fome of the molt violent Minifters) whether Crawford fhould prefently be beheaded or delay¬ ed for fome Days, that he might fuller in Com¬ pany with the reft ^ and by plurality of Voices the laft carried it, fo that they were altogether fhut up in the Tollbooth. And fhortly after the Lord Ogilby f who of a long time had been the Generals PrifoneO was alfo fonc down ^ and by the Committees Ap¬ pointment, quartered in the Tollbooth with the reft. Thefo Emergents kept up their Hearts, though otherwife much perplexed becaufe of MontroJ j’s Succels. In the mean time Argile and Lothian were fol¬ lowing him Northward * and though he could eafily have outmarched them, yet, to try if they intended to face him, he halted for fome Days at Eyvie, which they underftood not until they were clofe by him, thereupon followed fome Skirmi- fhes, but they declined to engage in Battel * neither did the Ground give him fuch Advantage as to conftrain them to fight. It C 134 ) It was there that Argile and Lothian drew away from Montrofs, Kinnoul , Col. Hay, Col, Sibhald and almoft all the Lowland Men that had joined him (except only the Earl of Airly and his Sons, who never left him.) Nor was Montrofs much difpleafed therewith, confidering that they could hardly have endured the Winter Toil. And fpr Nathaniel Gordon his deferring was by Mon* trofs's dire£l Allowance, that lo he might have Opportunity to deal with his young Chief the Lord Gordon, to join, wherein he proved both faithful and fuccefsful. Montrofs having left Life, marched to Yren- drackt • from thence to Sp’abogie, and afterwards throughout the reft of thofe Highlands, until he came to Athol, where he was met by Mac Donald, and with him the Laird of Alac Lean, the Capr tain oi'Clanranald and their Men,which made up a very great Recruit. Glengarvie had formerly joined and perfever’d to the End. In all this march from Fyvie to Athol, Argile and Lothian never came up to him $ and having at length heard of the joining of thofe High landers, they became weary of their Employ?- ment. ,And without more ado went to Edinburgh, and delivered up their Commiffions to the Committee ofEftates, receiving from them an A& of Ap¬ probation of their Service, which many laid they deferved the better becaufe they had fhed no Blood. The Pofture of Affairs at that Period of Time wrought a great Change in People 5 many who had formerly been violent, began to talk mode¬ rately of Bufinefs. And what was moft taken Notice of, was the Luke-warmnefs of many a- mongft C *35 ) mongft the Miniftry, who now in their Preach¬ ing, had begun to abate much of their former Zeal. This gall’d the Commiflion of the General Aflembly, and for Remedy, having the Pretext of a Quarrel againft Mr. George Halyburton Mini- fter of Perth , and Mr. John Graham Minifter of Auchterarder , becaufe upon a prefling Occafion, they did once fpeak with Montrofs , at his being in the Town of Perth ^ fo that, without any other Caufe fo much as alledged, they did for¬ mally depofe them both upon Kovemh. 27. where¬ by others might have Warning to take heed of their Walking. The Commifliondid alio at that time conclude of a National Fall, to be observed upon the firft Sabbath in January next. And farther, upon Adverti foment from the Commiflioners at London , concerning the State of the Reformation, the Commiflion concluded upon the calling a General Aflembly to meet at Edinburgh upon January 22. and for that effect, difpatched Letters to the feveral Presbyteries, to fend Commiflioners againft that Day. Since Argile and Lothian gave up their Com- miflions, the Committee had been thinking on whom to pitch ^ at length they refolved upon Major-General Baylie , and commiflionated him to be their Commander in Chief in the Northern Expedition : Who appointed his firft Rendezvous at Perth (where the Lord Maitland's Regiment quartered ) and called thither Crawford Lindfeys Regiment from Dundee , and the Remainder of Elcho s Regiment from Aberdeen , expecting more to be fent him fhortly from Newcajile . K 4 In C 136 ) In the mean time Montrofs marched in a full Body to Broadalbin, Glenvricarfs' Countrey • which the Marquis of Argile having underftood, halted away Irom Edinburgh towards his own Countrey, to levy his Highlanders , upon an Ap- prehenfion that from Broadablin, Montrofs would direCt his Courle thither. And lb it fell out, Glenvriharf s Lands being wafted by him, he marched ftraight to Innerary (the Marquils’s Chief Dwelling) upon the Know¬ ledge whereof, his Lordlhip was fo frighted, that long before Montrofs came near him, he fled to a Boat, whereby he efcaped, having left his Friends tp fhift for themlelves. So without any Oppofition Montrofs wafted his Countrey, but Hied no Blood, in regard that aji the People ( following their Lord's laudable Example) delivered themfelvesby flight alfo. By this time Sir John Urry being returned, was by the Committee appointed Major-General un¬ der Bay lie : He had firft fought on the Parlia¬ ment's Side againft the King •, afterwards turned over for the King, and fought under Him againft Them ^ now having abandoned both Sides, came Home, and embraced this Charge againft Mon¬ trofs • and many prophefied, That ere all were done, he would change again, and join himlelf to Montrofs , which at length came to pals. Bay lie, and with him Crawford Lindjcy, (know¬ ing of Alontref s's being in Argile ) did in the end pf December march Weft to Dumbarton , inten¬ ding (as they profeffed) fox Argile, to encoun¬ ter him there. And at Dumbarton they found the Marquis of Argile himlelf ( having, upon his Flight from Inner ary, retreated thither for fheL ter) who promifed to fliew them the Way. ( *37 ) But having the next Day gotten certainty that Montrofs had removed from that Countrey, and marched away towards Glencoe and Lochaber 5 Bay he and Crawford (parting from the Mar¬ quis) brought back their Army to Angus , revi¬ ving to march Northwards to the Shire of Aber¬ deen ^ and from thence go up to Montrofs , where- foeverthey could find him. And the Marquis of Argile knowing well that the Enemy was gone, went Home with Pomp and convened all his Friends from their Lurking- Places, to follow xr$mMontrofs\ Rear. And to make his Power the more formidable, called over from Ireland Sir Duncan Cambel of Auchin- brcak , a Colonel in the Scotch Army there, and divers other Commanders of' his Name. The Project was, that when Bay he s Army did charge Montrofs in the Front, Argile and his Men ( who were till then to march flowly and keep at a diftance) fhould come up and fall upon his Rear, whereby he might inevitably be fwal- lowed up. 1645. U Pon the 2d 0 {'January, 1645. the Scotch Parliament met at Edinburgh^ and by Autho¬ rity thereof, the Marquis of Montrofs and Earl of Airly were forefaulted, and their Eftates feized upon. Thereafter they paffed amongft all of that Faction under the Names of James Graham and James Ogilby $ and it was reckoned no fmall Ma¬ lignancy to ltile or diftinguifh them by their Titles. The Parliament did alfo approve and ratifle the Aff of the late Convention of Eftates concerning the Excife, The ( * 38 ) The Progrefs in other Matters was the flower, until they fhould fully know what might be the Tendency of that Controverfie lately fal¬ len out betwixt Mancbefter and Oliver Cromvoel his Lieutenant-General, whereby the Army was in hazzard to divide. For now Cromvoel had accufed before the Houle of Commons Mancbefter for betraying their Ar¬ my at Davington Caftle , and for other Things, as Mancbefter had alfo accufed him in the Houfe of Lords, for plotting a Parity in the State,and In¬ dependency in the Church. Many at firft were of opinion that Mancbefter would prevail, but the contrary fell out, and that upon this Occafion. By this time the Independent Faflion, (where- unto Cromvoel joined, preaching and praying as fall as any of them ) was now become predomi¬ nant in the Houfe of Commons ^ and they having defigns,wherein Ejjexftlanchefter and divers other prime Commanders, would not go along with them, did therefore intend to lay them afide: And to effeft this, they framed and pafled an Afl, That during that Parliament ( Cromvoel ex¬ cepted ) no Member thereof fjiould have any Of flee Military or Civil, whereby they might the better attend the Houfe. Hereby were cafhief d Effex, Mancbefter , Stan¬ ford and Dcnby , and the Power of the Sword brought wholly into the Hands of the Com¬ mons. Whereupon followed the new Model, wherein Sir Thomas Fairfax was made General, and Crorn- his Lieutenant General.^ for he not being yet eminent enough to command in Chief, behoved (for the Credit of the Parliament ) to have one above C I 39 ) above him: Yet that the Power might relide in him, they pitched upon one, who they prefumed, would not oblcure him. The General Aflembly fate down at Edinburgh upon Jan. 22. at which time every one had in his Hand that Book lately publifhed by Mr. Samuel Rutherford ( entituled Lex Rex) which was ftuf fed with Pofitions, that in the time of Peace and Order, would have been judged damnable Trea- fons ^ yet were now fo idolized, that whereas in the beginning of the Work, Buchanan's Treadle De Jure Regni apud Scot os, was looked upon as an Oracle, this coming forth, it was flighted (as not Anti-Monarchical enough ) and Rutherford's Lex Rex only thought Authentick. Unto the Affembly came Mr. Bay lie and Mr. Gilefpy from London , and after a long Difcourle, presented a Directory for Worfhip, which having been framed by the Divines at Weftminfter was lent for this Aflembly s Approbation. The faid Directory being peruled by a Com¬ mittee nominated for that EffeCt, and a Report made concerning their Satisfaction therewith * it was ratified by the Aflembly. The Proceedings of the CommilTion of the laft Aflembly being examined, were approved, and the Aflembly’s Thanks given them for their Fidelity and Diligence ^ as alio a new Committee ( confifting of thofe fame Members ) eftabiifhed for the Year following. Thereafter the Aflembly fent Mr. Dick , Blair , Cant and fome others, to prelent to the Parlia¬ ment the Directory, and to defire the Ratification thereof which was heartily granted. Thus all went well, and there was great Re- ioycing both in the Aflembly and Parliament. But the ( 1+0 ) the fame was foon checked by an Advertifement they received of a third Victory Montrofs had obtained at Innerlocby , upon b'ebr. 2. whereof the Story was thus. ' Whilft Montrofs was on his march Eaftward towards Murray, he had Notice from Allan Mac Kolduie of Lochaber , that Argile with ail his Power was following him in the Rear, and know¬ ing that both Bay he and Urry were before him, he confidered, that if he Buffered himlelf to be attacked both before and behind, he might run a Rilque 5 therefore inftead of marching forward, he turned about and went to fpeak with Argile. The Countrey-People favouring him, Argile heard nothing concerning his returning, until the lecond Day of his marching at Even, when he w r as come the full length, and had pitched dole b yAr- gile’s Army. The next Morning betimes the Work began, but ere then the Marquis had provided for his own Safety, by taking himlelf to his Boat again, and with him (to bear him Company) the Laird of Nidry , Sir James Bollock of Dinerub , Archi¬ bald Sydferf Bailiff' of Edingburb, and Mr. Mun¬ go Law Minifter thereof whom he had invited to go along with him to bear witnels to the Won¬ ders he purpoled to perform in that Expedi¬ tion. From his Boat he looked and law the Day loft, and moft Part of his Friends cut off, the Number of the Slain on his fide, being acknowledged by fome few thatelcaped, to have exceeded 15:00. Col. John Cockburn and Col. John Roch , with fome others, retired to the Old Caftle of Inner- Lochie , and held it out till they procured Quar¬ ter for their Lives and Liberties, which was granted ( Hi ) granted upon Oath never more to carry Arms a- gainlt Montrofs : For the Oblervation whereof they were afterwards dilpenled with from going to the Field, and inltead thereof Col. Cockburn appointed Governour of Sterhn Caftle , andCoL : Roach of the Town ol Perth. The Earl of Calendar did not take it well, that his Regiment being in the Caftle of Sterhn , Col. Cocburn Ihouid be fee over iris Lieutenant-Colo¬ nel, but it having pleafed the Parliament lo to do, his Bufinefs was to be quiet. On Mont rajs slide (except Sir Thomas Ogilby , Son to the Earl of Airly ) there were only three killed, and thofe common Soldiers whereof the Realon was laid to be, that the Argiligns (being difeourag'd by realon of their Lords withdrawing) never ftood to it, but lied at the firft, and were all cut down in the Flight. This Defeat at Inner- Lochy cauled great Sad- nels both in Parliament and Aflembly, yet was much the better digefted, becaule of the Marquis hisPerfonal Safety, who upon Feb. 11. arrived at Edinburgh , and went ftraight to the Parliament, having his left Arm tved up in a Scarf, as if he had been at Bones-breaking. There he did give an Account of that unfor¬ tunate Expedition *, whereupon the next Day the Lord Bahnennoch did in the General Allembly make a Difcourfe in reference thereto, wherein he affirmed, That the great Lois reported to be fuftained at that Fight, was but the Invention of ! Malignants, who fpake as they wilhed it j and that upon his Honour, the Marquis of Argile had not thirty Perlbns killed in the whole. The contrary being certainly known , many thought ftrange, that he who was a Nobleman could ( 142 ) could Ipeak lo in a Publick Audience : Yet cre¬ dulous and deluded People believed him, and upon that Account began to be jovial again. But Ihortly after came Certainty from England of an Emergent which contributed more to their Joy •, and it was that the Treaty betwixt the King and Parliament,held at Uxbridge on Jan. 30. was now br<*ken up, and all Hope of Accommodation gone $ for which his Majefty did much blame the Scotch Commilfioners at London, who were the better beloved, becaufe their greateft Intimacy was with that Party in the Parliament that crufhed it. In the mean time, the General Aflembly lent in Mr. David Die A , Mr. Robert Blair , Mr. An¬ drew Cant , Mr. James Gutbry , and Mr. Rat rick Gilejpy to the Parliament, to prels the Execution of the Earl of Crauford , Lord Ogilby and all the reft of the PrifonersintheTollbooth, which the Parliament commended as an AS of great Zeal and Piety in the Aflembly *, yet deferred the Per¬ formance for a time, until Montrofs fhould be brought lower ^ left otherwife if through Mift fortune any of'their Friends happened to fall into his Hands, he might repay it. And next after this Addrels to the Parliament, the Aflembly re- folved to fhew an AS of' Mercy themlelves, in reftoring of Mr. George Ua/yburton to his Mini- ftry at Rertb , and Mr. John Graham to his Mi¬ ni ftry at Auchterarder , which came to pals in this manner. Dame Margaret Halyburton , Lady of Cauper , came over the Firth, and with Oaths vowed to my i ..ord Balm er 1 no. h, that unlels he cauled her Coufin to be re-inftated he fhould never enjoy the Favour of the Lordlhip of Couper. This Commination let Balmerinpcb at work for him. And as to the other ( i43 ) other, Mr. Graham , the Earl of Lanrick prefled the like on his Behalf, being moved thereto be- caufe hisWife was a defended from that Archbilhop of Sx. Andrews who fuftered at Sterlin. Lanrick and Balmerinoch being Soliciters for them, the Aflembly yielded to their Re-eftablifh- ment, but with two Provifo’s, which thole No¬ blemen confented to. Thefirftwas, That they fhould make their Repentance upon their Knees before the refpeftive Presbyteries, and over again before the Synodical Aflembly ^ and that theTe- ftimony thereof being brought unto the Comm if fion of the General Aflembly, the laid Commif lion fhould reftore them •, all which was perfor¬ med. The other Provifo was, That left the In¬ dulgence extended to them fhould encourage o- thers to Malignancy, an Aft fhould be prelently made by the Aflembly, That after them none that happened to be depofed fhould ever after be re- ftored to the Kirks at which they had formerly ferved, which Aft was voted and concluded. So the General Aflembly role upon Lehr. having firft appointed the Meeting of the next General Aflembly to be at Edinburgh , upon the firft Wednefday of June , 1646. Montrofs having (after the Aftion at Inner- Lochy) refrelhed his Army with fome Days reft, marched Eaftward towards Murray, where (at Elgin) he kept his Commi ttees peaceably, and to him joined the Lord Gordon and his Friends, the Laird of G/wzfs Men, and divers conliderable Highlanders. Upon the Hearing whereof the Parliament was much affefted * and many thought that the Grief which it eaufed to the Earl of Lauderdale hafted him to his.Gra.ve, who was buried upon March 5. And C 144 ) And in his Place Crawford Lindfey was made Pre- fident of the Council: ( fuch was the Power of the Hamiltonian Eaft ion at that time.) After which, that all Men might be at leafure to fupprels thefe Rogues, the Parliament hailed to a Conclu- lion. So three Committees were nominated, one to repair to the Army in England , whereof Argile was the Principal ^ another to lit at the Helm in Edinburgh , and of it the Chief was Balmerinoch } the third to go along with Bay lie again!! Mon¬ trofs ^ this conlilled of Crawford Lindfey and of Lanrick and his Clients. And upon the 8th of March the Parliament adjourned to the 2d of June following. Montrofs being now much ftrengthened by his late Recruits, marched Southward to Aberdeen , and from thence through the Mearns, whereupon Bay lie (with his Committee) brought up his Army to meet them, the length of Englifh Madie. And there lor the fpace of two Days ( viz. the 29th and 30th of March) the Armies were in view of each other ^ fo that Montrofs prepared for Battel, but Bay lie and his Committee decli¬ ned it ^ whereupon he removed Weft wards to the River of Tay • and Bay lie came to be blamed for letting that Opportunity flip, (although it was lo refolved by his Committee’s Advice.) And fhortly after he fuftained a greater Blame, for fuffering Montrofs to make fuch a handfom and lafe Retreat from his defperate Attempt at Dundee ^ yet in this he had Urry to bear a part of theCenlure. And the Truth was, they were more afraid to engage than Montrofs was, which being obferved, the Committee at Edinburgh thought upon a Way hovfr C 145) how they might be made ftronger, and for that End dilpatched a Meflage to Ire land fora thou- fand dilciplined Men to be lent Home to join them. Thele came over quickly, having Col. Home their Leader, and that afterwards they might bring Montrofs into a * Hof e-net , * a Trap , they relblved to divide their Army in on Pound. two $ one to go North under Sir John Urr/s command, and the other under Bay lie , to ftay in Angus and about the Low Countrey , to be ready upon Occafion. Urry marched prelently towards Aberdeen , car¬ rying with him one Regiment of Horle, and two of Foot ( viz. the Chancellor’s and Crawford. Lindfc/s ) and at Aberdeen came to him a Regi¬ ment from Southerland , and LaweDs Regiment Rom Innernefs. Bay he with his Army, reckoned to be 3000 Foot and ^00 Horle, quartered at Kill more. In the meantime Montrofs (havingdifpatched Mac Donald to the Highlands to make up Levies, and lent Inchbreakie , Colonel of Athol, to bring forth thofe People, whereof the molt Part had (after the Battel of Innerlody ) gotten Furloffs until they Ihould be called for, himlelf went with his Army Weft ward, towards Monteith , there to receive the Lord Aboyn , whole Refolutions were made known to him by Letter,who having but 1 6 Horle, did notwithftanding all the Garilons, come from Carlifie, without Moleftation to the Ford of Car dr ofs, where Montrofs and he met to their mu¬ tual Joy. Baylie followed Weftward, and therefore Mae Donald (knowing Montrofs not to be ftrcng e- nough lor a Battel, in regard of his and In K L breakie’s ( H 6 ) breahe sAblence with their Regiments) relolved to make a Diverlion, and fell down (before they were aware) upon the Campbel s in the Lordlhip of Couper , killing fuch of them as came into his Hands ^ whereof Notice being given to Bay lie , he and his Committee drew back their Army to take Order with Mac Donald. ^ and fo Montrofs had a clear Pallage to the North , accompanied fbelides the Lord Aboyn) with another Stranger, and this was his Nephew Archibald , Mailer of Napier , a gallant Youth both for Body and Mind. He (having fince Montrofs wentfirft to the Field, been in company with his Noble Father the Lord Napier and Sir George Sterhn of Kef his Bro- ther-in-Law, under Confinement in Holy-rood - houfc) relolved at length to break loofe, and get¬ ting lafely away, he came to his Uncle at Car- dr fs , upon Monday , April 21. But his Elcape procured from the Committee hard Meafure to his Friends, whom he left be¬ hind for the Lord Napier his Father, and the Lord of Keh\ were prelently made Pri.loners in the Callle of Edinburgh , and not long after Dame Elizabeth Ereskin ( Daughter to the Earl of Mar) his Lady, and Mrs. Lilias Napier his Si¬ fter, were lent after them to bear them Company, and his other Silter the Lady Keir confined to Merchifton. At that time fell out an Accident, which prov’d very prejudicial to the King’s Affairs * this was the catching of a Mellenger that palfed betwixt him and Montrofs. The Man was James Email \ Son to the Laird of Fotherance, which (through the Decay of that Family ) now belongs to Sir George Halyburton , one of the Senators of the College of Julfice. This Gentleman having fer- ( *47 > Ved tong at the Court of England, did undertake to his Majefty to hazzard himfelf in bringing a. Packet of Letters to Montrofs, for effeftin^* whereof he put on a Beggar’s Habit, and fb went lately through to the Highlands of Scotland, where he found Montrofs at that time •, but in his return had not the like good Fortune ; for having palled the River of Firth at Alway , (where he needed not fear bodily Harm, the Noble Fa¬ mily of Mar being all generally Loyal) he was at Elphinflon (thro’ the officioufnefs of a Fellow that had known him at Court) difcovered , and the Letters which he carried back taken from him, and himfelf ( with them ) lent next Day by my Lord Elphinflon to the Committee of E- ftates at Edinburgh, who cauied him to be hang¬ ed on the Morrow at the Crofs of Edinburgh. This was on May i. By thefe Letters the Committee came to know what they never had thought on, viz. how (the King’s Bufinels being fo forlorn in England, that he could not make head againft his Enemies there) his Majefty defigned to come with his Army to Scotland, and to join Montrofs that fo this Countrey being made the Seat of War, his Ene¬ mies might be forced to an Accommodation, to free their Land from a Burthen, which it could not ftand under. The Prevention of which Defign was after¬ wards gone about with Succels. Montrofs in the mean time having, after his parting from Cardrofs, levied the A AW Men, (as he palled through the Country) went Northward to feek an Encounter with Urry. And fo foon as Bay lie and his Committee had certainty that Montrofs (and with him the Athol Men) were L 2 alt ( H 8 ) all gone, they refolved to march up to Athol and bum the Countrey: Which having valiantly per¬ formed (while there was none at Home to make Refinance) they returned to Angw again, and after thought upon a March Northward to A- berieen. But ere this was concluded, they had certain Advice of another Victory obtained by Montrofs over Urry at Old Earn , upon May 4. Urry's Strength con fitting of five Regiments of Foot ( befides Horfe to wit, Lothian's and Loudon's Regiments ( both which he had carried to the North with him) Lowers Regiment (which came from Innernefs to him) and another of the Earl of Seaforth's Men, Lfc. The Vi£tory, as it was abiblute and bloody, fo was it the more remarkable, in that neither Grant's Men, nor the Mae Lanes were there, ( being upon other Em¬ ployments) and few of the Athol Men, moft of, them being gone Home after they heard that their Country was burned. This Victory was very fad News both to the Committee ol Fftates and to the Committee of the General. Aflembly, whereupon they met, to advife by what Means People might be kept in a Deoendance upon them, and not (becaule of their Enemies prevailing) fall away. And for as much as the Pulpits had great Influ¬ ence upon the Relblutions of the Multitude, therefore the Committee fent out a Warning to the Miniftw, wherein they charged them to ftand fixed (and by their Doftrine to endeavour that their People might be fo alfo) under pain of De- pofirion ^ and that their Comminution might not be defpifed, they were now and then depo- ling fome of them (in the mean time) to fright * the C 14 9 ) the reft •, as Mr. John Roberton Minifter of Perth , Mr. James Row Minifter of Muithel , Mr. Wil¬ liam Barclay Minifter of Falkland , and Mr. John Fife Minifter of Fowles , aii which were that Year already calhiered. But whilft thofe Meetings at Edinburgh were troubled about Monty of s’% late Victory, they had a Cordial from England (which was the fatal Overthrow his Majefty fuftainei at Nafeby) whereby the Prejudice he received by the Difco- very of thofe Letters, for which Mr. James Small fullered at Edinburgh , came to be generally un- derftood : For while the King was on his march towards Scotland , fome falfe-hearted Men about him ( whom he trufted more than they delerved) prevailed with him to lay afide that Defign, and turn South , toward Northamptonshire where (as They confidently averred) four Counties had affociated for him, and w r ere in a readinefs to join him ^ but when he came there, inftead of thofe affociated Counties, he found Fairfax and Cromwel , with their new-modelled Army, waiting upon him, who forced him to a Battel, and obtained fuch a Vi£lory, as quite ruined his Bufinefs: This was upon the 14th of June. The Certainty hereof being come, the Com¬ mittee gave Orders for Bonfires, and all other Signs of Joy throughout the Land , and fuch as joined not therein, were taken Notice of as Ene¬ mies to the Publick. Yet fhortly hereafter they met with a new Caufe of Grief, and this was another Victory Mont rofs obtained over Bay lie at Alford , upon C * 5 ° ) For Vrry having been defeated, Baylie ( with the Advice of his Committee ) went North to re¬ pay it -, but had fuch Fortune as the other. For albeit the Numbers were very unequal, yet Mon- trofs’s Victory over him was both ablolute and bloody, whereas on his fide very few did fall, except the Lord Gordo/? , with whole death Mon- trojs was faid to be exceedingly affe£fed, and or¬ dered his Body to be buried very honourably at Aberdeen. By this time the Peftilence, which from ’New* caftle came to Kelfo, was from thence tranlmirted to Edinburgh , and there raged fo, that when the Diet (unto which the Parliament had been ad¬ journed ) vcas come, they lat down in Sterlin- Cdjile upon the 2d of July, and lome Days af¬ ter Bayhe himlelf, and with him the Lord Bah carras, ( who by timely flying had efcaped the Battel as well as he ) arrived both at Sterlin and went to the Parliament. Bahamas was wel¬ comed by them, but as for Baylie , they were fo ill iatisfied with him, that he had much difficulty to obtain an Aft of Approbation of his Ser¬ vice. The Parliament fat at Sterlin until the 12th Pay, at which time the Peftilence beginning to break out in that Town, they behoved to think of a Removal, and fo adjourned themfelves until the 24th of that Month/ to lit at Berth , having firft appointed a great Levy to be made for deftroying their Enemies, viz. all Noblemen,Gen¬ tlemen and Heretors whatloever to be at Berth in Perfon, and well mounted before the laid 24th Day. And for Tenants and Servants to make up a foot Army, 10000 to be brought forth from (he Shires by South Toy, according to the Pro¬ portions ( *5i ) portions calculated thereanent. Montrofs having heard of this Muller which was to be at Perth^ came forth againllthe Day and pitched in Meffen Wood. And indeed on their Part convened very many (more than double Montrofs s Number) yet they attempted nothing until after fome Days, but hal¬ ted on the South-fide of Earn, when perceiving that the Gordons , (in whom confided Montrofs ’s Strength as to his Horfe) were not there, they ad¬ vanced towards him, but to no purpole. For Montrofs not being minded to fight at that time, retired at his leafure (without either Lois or Affront) towards Dunkeld , to attend the Gordons and others whom he was expe£ting to come up ^ and they went back to their Leager, after which moll of them, both Horle and Foot, ( that had been newly levied ) retired Home, and very few remained with Argile , Lane rick, Craw¬ ford and bay he ( who fince the Parliament’s fit¬ ting at Sterlin , were all Joint-Commanders) ex¬ cept the old Regiments. By this time the Gordons and other Recruits, being come to Montrofs ( whereby he was at his greateft Strength) he returned towards them, and endeavoured to draw them to a Battel. But they declined it, and intrenched them- felves at Kirgirflon , profelfing that fo loon as the Life Men (for whom they had fent) arrived, they w r ould then take Order with him, Montrofs marched away firft to Kinrofs , and then Welt ward towards Sterlin , where in the Way Mac Lane and his People burn’d the Parilhes of Muckait and Doller , belonging to the Mar¬ quis of Argile, in requital of the like formerly done by him in Mac Lanes Countrey, as they ai¬ led ged. L 4 The ( W 2 ) The Day whereon Montrofs had marched from Kinrofs towards the Weft, he quartered his Army at Night in the Wood of Tullybody near Alway, where, though his Infh did barbaroufly plunder that Town and Lordfhip, yet the Earl of Mar and Lord Ere skin and their Noble Ladies, difpen- ied therewith, and the next Day invited him and his prime Officers to Dinner. So he appointed Mac Dona/d to march Weft- ward with the Foot Army, and bringing his Horle for a Guard, himfelf and the Earl of Airly and many more were liberally feafted in the Ca- ftle of Alvcay , after which (having Notice of the Enemies advancing towards them) they made the greater hafte to overtake their Foot And being met, and conlidering the Town of Stertin was confumed by the Peftilence, reiolved to pais by it, and lo crofted both the Teth and Forth two Miles to the Northward of it, and from thence marched on to Kilfyth , where they found the Ground fo advantagious for them, as made them refolve to halt there, until their Enemies (hould come that length, which very fhortly fell out. For fo loon as Montrofs had marched Weft- ward from Kinrofs , three Regiments of Fife- Men, reckoned at 3000, (whereof one commanded by the Laird ok Cam mo y 2d by the Laird of Ferny, and the 3 d by the Laird of For del Henderfon ) did join the Coventers Army$ as alio did one Regiment ofArgiWs High/andersyeckoned to be 1200 ^ and being thus .{Lengthened, it was refolved that Lane - nek (hould prefently ride to the Weft-Countrey, and witli the Concurrence of Glencarn and Eg- lint oh, there levy an Army to come towards Mon- ffA 5 ahd this Army commanded by Argile, Crave* ( *53 ) Crawford and Bay lie to follow him in the Rear 5 whereby the one being behind and the other be¬ fore him,he might be brought into a Noole. Lane rick went prefently away for that end, and Argile , Crawford and Bay lie marched Weft- ward in the very Path which Montrofs had tra¬ ced. And as they advanced towards Sterling the Marquis of Argile caufed to be burnt the Houle of Monftry , belonging to the Earl of Sterlin , his Majefty’s Secretary, and the Houle of Athray , belonging to Sir John Graham of Breako , and withal lent Advertilement to the Earl of Alar , That after their return from following their Ene¬ mies, he might expeH to have his Cattle of A/way burned, for the Holpitality A/lontrojs had found in it. But Providence determined otherwile, for of thofe they carried Weft very few returned again. And it would appear, that the Life -Men ex¬ pelled no better of it, for when they were come the length of Sterlin , they refufed obftinately to march farther, alledging, that when they were levied it had been promifed them, that they fhould not be urged to go beyond the Limits of their own Shire, and therefore having now (out of good will) come much farther, they would on no Terms crols the River of forth. But their Leaders Let their Minifters on work to deal with them, who told them jolly Tales, that Lanerick , Glencarn and Eglinton were lifting an Army to join them, and therefore entreated that they would for only one Day more go on, until that Weftland Army approached, and then they fhould be dilcharged, whereunto thole poor People contented, and lb went as far as Kilfyth , from whence few or none of them returned* for i ( "54 ) For upon Augufl the 17 th there followed a Battel at Kilfyth , wherein Montrofs carried an ablolute Victory: Their Foot which were reckon¬ ed 7000, being wholly cut off in the Flight, ex¬ cept very few Straglers that efcaped: Yet no Lofs on Montrofs’s fide, except 7 or 8 Perfons, ( whereof three were Gentlemen of the Name of Ogilby , the reft but Common Soldiers.) The rea- fon whereof was becaufe the Covenanters never flood to it, but upon the firft Charge given by the Earl of Airly and his Friends, did all fly on a fudden, their Horle riding over the Foot, and among the Horfe the Nobles the firft of any. But beyond them all the Marquis of Argile , who neverlooked over his Shoulder until after 20 Miles riding, he reached the South ^ 'ueensferry , where he poflefled himfelf of a Boat again. Lanrick and Glencarn and the reft (who in the mean time were about their Levies). having heard of this Defeat which their Friends had fuftained, left off their Work. And both they and the Nobles that had fled from Kilfyth , made it their firft Care to provide for a Shelter : For Glencarn and Cafl'els fled over to Ireland ; and to Berwick went the Chancellor, the Mar¬ quis of Argile , the Earls of Crawford , Lindjey\ Lanerick , and others. After the Battel, Montrofs flayed two Days at Kilfyth to refrefh his Army-, and by that time came from the City of Glajgoe two Commiffio- ners, viz. Sir Robert Douglafs and Mr. Archibald F lemming Commiflary, to congratulate his Vi¬ ctory, and to invite him to honour their Town with a Vilit. Whereupon next Day, being accompanied with his Army, he went thither, and was received with much ( >55 ) much Solemnity, and with an Acknowledgment ofby-paft Difloyalty, for which they begged his Mercy. And thence removing to Bothwel Kirk, the Shire of Linlithgoe fent Commiffioners to him for that fame end; and which is more, fo did the Shire of Renfrow and others in the Weft; Bi- fhopton , Greenocb and Douchalls Junior, were their Commiffioners (who acknowledged Rebel¬ lion as fall as any, laying the blame thereof upon their Minifters) yea, and fo did alfo the Burghs of Irwin and Aire. Montrofs pardoned them all upon their Pro- mifes of exemplary Loyalty for the future, where- unto they did folemnly engage themfolves, and fo were dilcharged. After this, Montrofs font Mac Donald with a Party to the Weft, to fright them that had not come to exprefs their Submiffion, and to him all did Homage; and no where found he fo hearty a Welcome as at Loudon-CafUe , where the Chan¬ cellor’s Lady embraced him in her Arms, and ha¬ ving treated him very fumptuoufly, font after¬ wards her Servant John Ha/dan with him, to prefont her Service to the Marquis of Mon¬ trofs. Montrofs % next Care was for the Priloners in theTolbooth of Edinburgh , who had been fonten - ced to death, viz. Lodovick Earl of Crawford , the ' Lords Ogilby and Raes , the Lairds of Drumm , Dowry Ogilby , and Dr. Wifkart (for before this time Drumm 3 s Brother Robert Irwin died in the Prifbn) fo for their lakes he difpatched his Ne¬ phew Archibald Mafter of Napier , and with him Nathaniel Gordon , to receive into Protection the City of Edinburgh , and to bring from thence thole ( 156) thofe Prifoners, which they did; as alfoat Lith- goe, finding two Prifoners more, viz. Archibald Lord Napier, and Sir George Sterlin oi'Kier his Son-in-Law (who, becaufe the Peftilence raged in Edinburgh-Caflle, had obtained fo much Favour, as to be tranfported from it to the Prifon of Lithgoe) he brought them with the reft, all which were molt welcome to Montrojs. At the lame time alfo joined to him divers of the Nobility, viz. the Marquis of Douglas, the Earls of An an dale and Heartfel, the Lords Eref- kin, Seaton, Drummond, Llemming, John Jr on and Meadertie, and divers Knights and Gentlemen alio, among whom was Sir John Hamelton of Orbifton Juftice-Clerk, and Archibald Rnmrofe Clerk to the Committee of Eftates, whom he welcomed, (fancying by that means to draw over the Earl of Lanrick to his fide.) Altho" 1 Archibald Lord Napier and others about him, warned him rather to take heed that inftead thereof they wrought not a Divifion in his Army, and debauched fome he had already, it being their Conjecture that Lan¬ rick had fent them thither for that End. The next Difpatch that Montrofs made, was of the Marquis of' Douglas ( and with him the Lord Ogilby) to the South, for levying all the Horfe in Anandale , Dumfriefe, Efc. to join in the Ser¬ vice. And at that time arrived from the King, Sir Robert Spot[wood ( who having been formerly Prefident of the Seffion, was now, fince Lanrick' s Defection, Secretary of State) and delivered to Montrofs his Majefty s Commilhon, conftituting him Captain-General and Deputy-Governour of Scotland, with ample Power to make Knights, iiunmon Parliaments, Lfc. Whereupon he did pre- ( 157 ) prelently Knight Alexander Mac Donald , and next appointed a Parliament to fit at Glafgoe upon Qllober 20. which he cauled to be pro¬ claimed at the Market-Crofles of Edinburgh , Lithgoe , and Glafgoe. But in the mean time, his Adverfaries who had fled to Berwick , were not idle, for the Scotch Army being then at the Siege of Hereford near Wales, they called tor David Lefley , with his whole Strength of Horfe, to come Home, who wrote back, that he fhould make all the hafte he could, and would come fo ftrong as he made no queftionto fwallow up Montrofs , if he found him in the Low-Countrey : But on the other Hand, in cafe he happened to retire to the Highlands , he would be forced to leave the Bufinefs undone and retreat, in regard the Countrey could not fuftain the Burden of his Horfe. Whereupon they went to the Earl of Tilhbar- din ( in whom they had then great Confidence ) to advertife and affemble all their Friends, both high and low, to Ive betwixt him and the Hills. But they found other Inftruments whofe Actings contributed now to their Defign, (whether inten¬ tionally or by accident, I (hall not determine ) thofe were the Earls of Roxbrough and Home , whom they Tent Mefiengers to Montrofs to con¬ gratulate hisSuccefs, and to (hew how earneftly they defired to come like themfelves, and to join with him : But that whilft they endeavoured Le¬ vies, they found their Friends and Followers ob- ftinately unwilling to engage, until Montrofs himfelf fhould come upon the Place, which if he thought fit to do, they would undertake for the whole Countrev to join him. His ( i5 8 ) His Anlwer to them was, that he fhould fend Orders to the Marquis of Douglas and Lord 0 - gilby to come towards them with their Forces, in order to further their Levies. But they left it not lb, but by new Meflengers fent to him again, Ihewing that nothing but his own Prelence could fatisfie that Country, and therefore entreated him ( by the moft infinuating Arguments they could ule ) to come thither in Perfon * lo that he at length condefcended •, al¬ though many about him dilallowed it, and divers Emergents fell out which might have dilfuaded him from it * as, Fir ft) The Men of Athol and Mac Dane s Men muft needs go Home and repair their Buildings which had been burnt; nor could they be diver¬ ted from it. Next Sir Alexadner Mac Donald would needs go to Argile to revenge the Inju¬ ries done to his Father and Friends, and carried with him ''befides a ftrong Party oflrilh to be his Life-Guard) above ?oo Scotch Highlanders, whom he had gained to defert the Publick Ser^ vice and to follow him. Montrofs dealt moft lerioufly with him to have ftayed until they had been abfolute Conquerors, promifing then to go thither himlelfj and be concurring with him in punching them as they delerved ^ and withal told him, That his feparating at this time muft be,the Occafion of Ruine to them both : But all was to no purpofe, he would needs be gone $ and for a Reafon enlarged himfelf in reckoning up the Mar¬ quis of Argtle's Cruelties againft his Friends: Who (as he laid) did four Years ago draw his Father and Brother to Inner ary upon Truft, and then made them Priloners ^ and lince (his Friends having retired to the Illes of Jura and Rachlen .( >59 ) for fhelter) lent Archenles and the Captain of Shepnefs to the laid Ifles to murther them, which (laid he) they did without Mercy, (paring neither Women nor Children: With thele Dilcourfes he juftified his departing, and would not be him dred. As alio after that Montrofs had begun his march ( which was upon Sept. 4.) the Lord Aboyn defer¬ red him, and carried away with him not only his Friends of the Name of Gordon (except'Co¬ lonel Nathaniel) but alfo all the Northland Horfe. This unexpected falling away made Montrofs fee his Errour, in keeping 16 open a Leager at Bothwel , whereby Men came to be admitted, that had thus debauched his Army. _ Yet went he forward, and now having with him only fome Noblemen, and about 200 Gen¬ tlemen that had joined to him at Botbwe /, toge¬ ther with 700 Foot (whereof molt par t Irtjh) he quartered at Cranfion Kirk upon Saturday , Sept. 6. and there he got Intelligence that Da¬ vid. Lefey was already come the length o^Ber- voick, with an irrefiftable Power of Horle. As alfo a Friend of bis at Home, having by Pica idence met with a Copy of David Dejleys Letter from Hereford, to the Lords at Berwick and of theirs (in Relation thereto) Which the’ Earl ofTillyburdine had fent to the Lord Erskin, who the next Morning acquainted Montrofs with the fame, and told him from whom he had them. Montrofs acknowledged his Worth and Faith- f jlnels that fent them, but withal he laid that his Fervency in the Caufe made him more afraid than he needed, and was 16 far from taking Warning ( 1 60 ) to retire, that ( there being a Fatality in the Bufinels ) he marched Southward fooner than before he intended : For whereas at his coming thither, he deligned to have relied on Sunday and heard Dr. Wijhart preach, now he altered that Refolution, and having dilcharged the Ser¬ mon, prefently advanced towards Strathgea/. And being there, the Marquis of Doug/as and Lord Ogilby came to him with their levyied Troo¬ pers, as alfo upon the Morrow he was laluted by the Earl of Traquair , who having with many Oaths afferted his Fidelity, did frankly under¬ take to advertife him of David Lejleys Motions, and for a Teftimony of his honeft Meaning, the next Day lent his Son the Lord Linton , with a Troop of Horfe to attend him. Mont r ofs marched thence forward to Kelfo, ex¬ pecting to have found the Earls of' Roxbrough and Home , but hy a Party of David Lefle/s Horfe, they were both ere then carried Priloners to Ber¬ wick ^ whereof he being informed (and that the Party had been called for by Roxbrougb himlelf) he faw then the Treachery, and therefore prelent- ly marched Weft ward to Selkirk , where he ar¬ rived upon Friday , Sept. 12. purpofing to have the next Day turned his Face to the North, and never ceafed marching until he had retired to the Hills. But herein he was prevented, for the next Mor¬ ning the Day was fo dark through Fog and Mift, that his Scouts could not difcover David Lejley with his Army, until they were upon the Place before he was aware. The Surprizal was generally attributed to fome Advertifement Traquair had lent him, con¬ cerning Montrofs his Weaknefs: For it was known ( r( 5 1 ) that after David Lefley underflood of his being in the South, he did neverthelefs march North¬ ward to Lothian, and there at Glaidfmoor con¬ cluded in a Council of War, to advance Well- ward towards the Foot of the Grampion-Wlls i and attend his return ^ yet having gotten a pri¬ vate Advertifement, he did (contrary to that Con- clufion) prefently turn to the South arid go to him, whereat his Confbrts wondered. That Traquair had lent the Advertifement, it was efleemed the more probable, becaufe at mid¬ night before the Battel, he privately called away his Son the Lord Linton and his Troop, without giving any Notice thereof to Mont rofs. How¬ ever, upon Saturday, Sept. n. David Lefley fell, on $ the Marquis of Douglas's new-levied Men did all fee at the firfl,being near their own Homes, the reft flood to it, until they were almofl en- clofed •, and Mcntrofs with the Horfe retired, ft; that ere Night the moftPart of them being join¬ ed, he was reckoned to be about 150 Horfe in Traim Only fome were milling, who having miftaken the Way and fled in' fevera[ Paths, were taken by the Conn trey' People, and delivered to the Vi¬ gors, viz. the Earl ol'Heartfel, the Lords Drum* mond and Ogilby, Sir Robert Spot [wood. Sir A- lexander Lejley of Achiteal, Sir William Pollock , Sir Philip Nisbit • William Murray Brother to the Earl of LilTibardift, Alexander Ogilby of In¬ ner-h arty , Nath. Gordon , Mi, Andrew Gnthf'ey Son to the Bifhop of Murray and others. Montrofss Foot (fo loon as the Horfe were gone) drew to a little Hold which they maintain¬ ed, until Stuart the Adjutant (being ariiongfl them) procured Quarter for : them from Da- M vid ( ) Did Lejley , whereupon they delivered up their Arms, and came forth to a plain Field, as they iv ere directed. But then did the Church-men quarrel, that Quarter fhould be given to luch Wretches as they, and declared it to be an Ad of moll finful Impiety to fpare them, wherein divers of the No¬ blemen complied with the Clergy, and fo they found out a Diftindion, whereby to bring Da¬ vid Lejley fairly off $ and this it was, that Quar¬ ter was only meant to Stuart the Adjutant him- felf, but not to his Company : After which ( ha- • ving delivered the Adjutant to Middleton to be his f rifoner ) the Army was let loofe upon them all, and cut them in Pieces. The principal Men that had gone off with Montrojs , were the Marquis of Douglas , Loo- vied Earl of Crawford , and the Lords Ereskin , Elemming and Napier , w 7 ho as they advanced did overtake the relt of the Horfe, who lied more timoufly. Thofe who being taken by the Countrey-Peo¬ ple, were delivered to the Vidors, and were by | them lent to feveral Prifons *, moft of' them to the Cattle of Edinburgh, Lime to the Cattle of Sterhn , and Ibme to other Places, there to be f kept until they Ihould relblve about the Time and . Place of their Execution. Only two Irifh Commanders, who happened to be taken, were prefently diipatched *, thofe were Col. Ocain and Ma jor Lachlan ( Two whom Montrojs had in great Fifeem ) who being brought to Edinburgh, w r ere without delay hanged upon the Caftle-thll. Montrojs and his Party patted through Strut • I hern -to Athol, where he did prefently levy ^-coJ Foot, I C 163 ) Foot, and (having appointed the reft to be in a readinefs againft his return ) with thole and the Horfe that came with him from the Field, he marched to Mar ( where the Lord Ere skin made his People to join ) and thence to the Marquis of Huntleys Bounds, where he found no ready 0 - bedience •, for the Marquis having left Stranaver where he formerly lurked, and now being re¬ turned Home, did his uttermoft to fpoil the Bu- finefs in Montrofs', s Hands, which fome afcribed to his Envy of Montrofs\ Glory, and others to lome Influence the Earl of Lanrick had upon him, whole Kinfman he was. Being difappointed of the Help he expeHed from hunt ley , his Care was greater to have Mac Donald, join him again ^ therefore he lent to Ar~ gile his Adjutant-General, to ufe all the Perlua- fions he could for his return, but all in vain ^ for on no Terms could he be moved to concur with Montrofs in the Service, and 16 they never met again. David Lefley after the Victory, brought his Ar¬ my forward to Lothian , and from thence con¬ voyed the Committee of Eftates and Committee of the Church to Glafgoe , where they lat lome Days, adviling what farther Courle was to be ta¬ ken againft Montrofs •, and withal concluded pre- fently to give David Lejlcy (for a Token of their Gratitude) 5:0000 Marks Scotch , with a Chain of Gold, and to Middleton 25000 Marks. After this they refolved to carry the Army to Angus , whereafter the Carle ofGozvry was pretty well exhaufted, they appointed the Head-Quar¬ ters to be at borfar, and the Army remaining there, both the Committee of Eftates and the Committee of' the Church fat down at Perth y M 2 Which Which latter Committee, being proud of the late Vi&ory, was more violent than formerly ♦, fo that the firft Bufinels taken into Confideration, was, That fiich of the Miniftry as had not mour¬ ned for Montrofs's Vi£tory at Kilfyth , might be cenfnred : Whereupon they defoended to examin into every Man’s Deportment,whom they fuppos’d to be difaffeEled to their Way ^ and, being helped by a Number of Sycophants (who well enough underftood that Cruelty was the only way to procure Refpecl) had Information given them againft Very many Learned and Pious Mini Iters, how in that Hour of Darknels (as they called it) they bewrayed their Difaffeftion -, which (with¬ out any farther Injury) they judged a Sufficient Ground, for proceiling them towards Depo- fition. The next thing this Committee went about, concerned the Difpofition of Mens Heads •, in order whereunto they lent Mr. William Bonnet , (viz. Moderator in Mr. Douglas's Abfence) and with him two others, who at their return made their Report to this EffetL That having propofed the Committee’s Defire, divers of the chief Lords of the Committee flight¬ ed the lame, and fo they were 1 ike to have ob¬ tained nothing, had not the Earl of' Tillihardin very feafonably rifen up and fpoken to this pur- pole, That hecaufe he had a Brother among thoje Men , it might be that their hordjloips fo valued his Concurrence with them in the Good Caufe , that for rcjpett of him , they were the more loath to refolve upon the fiief ion : But that as for him - felf ftnce that young Man had joined with that wicked Crew 6 he did not ejfeem him his Brother , and therefore declared , that he would take it for C 165 ) no favour , if upon that Account any Indulgence were granted him. This (laid Mr. Bennct ) made thofe of the Committee, who before had difrelifhed the Mo¬ tion, to hang down their Heads ^ and id it came to be concluded, that ten of them Ihouid be exe¬ cuted, viz. the Earl of' He artfel, the Lord Ogilby\ Sir Robert Spotfwood Secretary, William Murray , (Brother to the Earl oi'Tillibardin) Alex. Ogilby of Innerquarily , Sir William Rollock , Sir Philip Aasbit , Col. Nath. Gordon , Stuart the Adjutant, and Mr. Andrew Gut by , Son to the Bifhop of Alurray. Whether or no the Earl of Tillibardin fpokelo in the Committee of Eftates, I leave undetermined, but that Mr. Rennet reported it of him in the Committee of the Kirk, and that thole other two, who had been with him gave their Aflent to it, I may confidently aver, being an Ear- witnefs there¬ of After which both the Committee of Eftates, and the Committee of the Church adjourned to the 3d of October , and appointed their Meeting that Day to be held at Dunfe in the Alerfe^ for lending to Berwick fome of their Number, to meet with Commi(boners deputed from the Par¬ liament of England. And the Week following after their Meeting, the Committee of Eftates and they of the Church, ; did both convene at Sc. Andrews , to receive an ' Account from thofe that went to Berwick ; where- , of the Sum was, that the Engl if) would needs be freed of the Scotch Army and withal have the Towns of Wewcajile and Carlifle delivered unto them : Whereunto they behoved to give a clear and polirive Anfwer at the fitting down of the M 3 Par- A-- ( i6d ) Parliament at St. Andrews, upon Neve nib. 26. And in the mean time, they had an Account from the North how Mont refs having got up a confiderable Army, intended to march South towards Glafgoe (where before his Defeat he had proclaimed his Parliament to fit upon Ottcber 20.) and therefore both the Committee of Eftates and that of the Church, refblved to go thither againff that time. And for that Effecl fent Orders prefently to the Weftern Shires, to come forth both Horle and Foot to attend their arrival ^ as alio for a Convoy, {hey carried along with them David Lejley , with the one half of his Horfe; and appointed Mid¬ dleton to quarter the other half (till his return) at A lway, to deffroy the Earl of Mors Lands, be- caule of the Loyalty of that Noble Family, and that the Ld. Ere skin was actually with Montrofs. At Glafgoe they caufed to be executed at the Mercat-Crofs upon OH. 28. Sir William Rollock $ and the next Day Sir Philip Nisbit and Alexan¬ der Ogilby of fynerquality ( whereof'the firff was but lately come Home from Foreign Parts, and the laft was but a Boy of icarce Eighteen Years of Age, lately come horn the Schools* And upon that Occafion it was, that Mr. David Dick laid, The Work goes bonnily on which palled af¬ terwards into a Proverb. But the Execution of the other Prifoners they deferred till the fitting of the Parliament at St. Andrews. Montrofs in the mean time had brought his main Armv to Lenox, and from thence faced Glaf¬ goe with Parties feveral Days, expecting their co¬ ming out to give him Battel. But finding they meant not to fight, he returned again with his ( i(5 7 ) Army to Athol, where he received the fad News of the Death of Archibald Lord Napier his Bro- ther-in-Law, whom he had left lick at Fancaftel. That Nobleman was fo very old that he could not have marched with them, yet in refpetf of his great Wifdom and Experience, he might have been very uleful in his Councils. Montrofs took care that his Funeral in the Kirk of Blair fhould be performed with due Solemnities. And afterwards confidering (upon that Occafion) that the Marquis of Douglas, the Lords Ereskin and Flemming , and the Gentlemen who having joined at Bothwel , yet adhered to him, would not be able to endure the Toil of his Winter-Marches : Therefore he allowed them all to let their Friends capitulate for their off-coming ^ which was done, and himfelf (and the Earl of Airly who never abandoned him) went towards Huntley s Countrey again to vie farther Means for engaging him : Where he found him embarked in a Courfe, which put him out of hope. And this it wns, viz. that by Vertue of (he Commiflion from his Majelty, whereby he had taken Arms in the Year 1643. ( before Montrofs enter’d the Countrey ) he chofe now again to leap out, and with the Affiltance of his Friends , to allert the King’s Intereft in thole Parts, not acknowledging Montrofs . This troubled Montrofs , confidering that here¬ by he fhould be robbed of the Gentlemen of the Name of Gordon, in whom confiftcd the Strength of his Hone ; and therefore he refolved by all means to court the Marquis of Huntley for an Union of their Forces and Interelh, and to that ejfiecl ffav’d a long time in thofe Parts. M 4 la ( 168 ) In the mean while, there being throughout the Countrey a general Groaning under the Bur¬ then of David Leflcys Army, the Committee re- foived to keep at Home only a Brigade under Middletons Command, to wait Montrofs\ Mo¬ tions •, and that David Lefley with the reft lhould return to England: So immediately he marched away to Newcafile , where the Scotch Army then lay ( having, after his coming to Scotland , retir’d without Succefs from the Siege of Hereford) and from Kevocaftle, very ftiortly after, both he and the reft went forwards to /Newark upon Trent , to join with General Poynes , who had already beleaguer’d that Town. The Parliament met at St. Andrews upon Novcmb. 26 . and thither were brought from fe¬ deral Prilons thole that had been taken after the Fight of Pbilipbaugh , to receive their Doom, which Middletons Prisoner Stuart the Adjutant, having Notice of, found the Way to make Iris Efcape, and went up to ADntrofs. Two Noblemen, the Earl of Heart fel and ford Ogilby , being appointed to fuffer firlf, the Night before the Execution Ogilby elcaped out of the Caftle of St. Andrews in his Sifter’s Clothes, who in his ftead lay in Bed till he was gone, and Argile conceiving this to be done oy the Means of the Hamilions (in whom 0- gtlby had fpecial Intereft) his Mother being Daughter of Thon/as Earl of' Haddington , and himfelf thereby Coufin German to Crawford Lindjey ' therefore to pay it, home he would needs have the Earl of Hcartfel fpared, whole Death they were thought to tliirft after as earneltlv as Argile did Ogilby s. ( l& 9 ) So the firft that Buffered was Sir Robert Spot/- yoood (Son to the late Archbifhop of St. An¬ drews ) formerly Prelident of the Seffion and now Secretary of State, a Man of extraordinary Worth and Integrity , and again!! whom (he never having been a Sword’s Man) nothing could be pretended, but that he had lately brought down a Commilfion from his. Mailer the King to the Marquis of Montrofs, After him buffered William Murray (Brother to TulII bar dine ) Col. Nathaniel Gordon and Mr. Andrew Guthry , Son to the Bifhop of Affv- ray. The Committee of the Church preffed the Parliament that more might go the lame Way, which the Noblemen refufed, defiring they would help them with an Overture, how the ref! might be otherways punifhed than by their Blood. And the Committee of the Kirk taking it into confideration, there were divers Opinions about it, but Mr. David Dicks's was preferred to them all, who being asked by the Moderator what he thought bcf! to be done with them, anfwered him (in his homely way of Speaking ) fhame them and impoverifh them:, this was applaud- ed by the reft , and fb made the Overture which they preferred to the Parliament in re¬ ference to them : Whereupon the Parliament ap¬ pointed a great Committee to fit at Lithgoe upon h'ebr. 2D and unto it referred the whole Remain¬ der of the Prifoners to be deeply fined. ( 170 \ J I 646. Hereafter came feveral Advertifements from X the Commiffioners at L ondon , bearing that the Parliament of England would needs be freed of the Scotch Army, and therewith a Declara¬ tion of that Parliament ihewing by what Items they had pay’d to the Scotch all that they had owed them. • And of thefe Items, I remember one was of 80000 /. Sterling, to be allowed them for the Cabbage the Scotch had devoured : Hereby our great Men faw how they were flighted by the Englifh, and that they meant to give them no more Money •, which afflicted them much : For the Generality of' the Kingdom being already Royalifts in Heart, altho 5 they were fo kept under that they durff not profefs it, they con- fidered that when the Army was come home, if they had no Money wherewith to bribe them to Conftancy in the Caufe, they would all turn for the King, which would be their un¬ doing. Therefore their Wits were employed to find out a Device, whereby they might yet get more Englifh Money, both for contenting the Shires and enriching themlelves : And indeed they found one which could produce both ^ neither could they get it fo lecretly kept, but that it began to be talked of' long before it was brought a- bout. And this it was, the King’s Condition by this time was fo low, that all Men conjeftured he would ere long be necefiitated to call himfelf either upon the Scotch or the Englifh, therefore Means ( I 7 1 ) Means were to be ufed whereby his Majefty might be moved to prefer the Scotch : And for this End, the Lord Loudon, Chancellor ZLA merinocb , and Sir Archibald Johnfton were or¬ dered to repair to London , and to join with Lau¬ derdale and the relt of the Commiffioners there already, for advancing that Defign. And alfo the Marquis of Argil'e was appoin¬ ted to go into Ireland and bring over the Scotch Army from thence ^ that being ffrengthened with that Accelfion, their Power might be 16 formi¬ dable to the Englifh, as to make them (to efchew a National Quarrel) deal more thank¬ fully with them, even albeit it Ihould 16 fall out, that they got not the King at their difpo- fing. Thefe Things being relolved on, the Parlia¬ ment did upon Lebr. 4. adjourn. After which the Chancellor, Balmerinocb , and War rift on began their journey for London, as alfo did the Marquis of Argilc his towards Ireland *, where before he had pafled by Ster¬ ling, he encountered ( there) his few Countrey- People (who had out-lived Innerlocby and Kil- fyth) in a very fad Pofture: Whereof the Oc- cafion was this •, They having at Mac Donald's fettling in Argilc, retired to Corners, and lurked until Hunger forced them to come out ^ Arcbi- niles drew them together (they being about 1200) and brought them down towards Mon- teitb, to have liv’d upon my Lord Napier's Te¬ nants and other Malignants -, but Incbbreakie happening to be in Athol at that time, brought down 7co Athol- Men, and fell upon them at Calendar , where at the firft they fled all like jnad Men, divers of them being {lain in the ( O 2 ) flight, and more drowned in the River of Guid- die , their hafte being fuch that they flay’d not to leek for Fords: The reft who e leaped made no halt, until they had crofted the Water of Forth at the Drip , and arrived near Sterlin • where the Marquis found them ^ and not know¬ ing how to difpofe better of them, carried them with him to the Shire of Rcnfrow , ex¬ pending that in thole Parts (where all People were furious in the Caufe) they ftiould have been welcomed. But the contrary fell out * their Neighbourhood was lb difplealing to them, that prefently they threatened to take Arms and cut them down, unlels they were removed : Whereupon he lent them over to the Lenox to. quarter upon the Lord Napier's Lands, and other Royalifts in thofe Parts, where they lived the more lecurely, Inchbrcakie and his Athol- Men being gone lor the North to attend Mont r ofs. Thereafter the Marquis prolecuted his Jour¬ ney ro Ireland , and the frit Fright his People had (though it came not near them) w 7 as a Report that the young Lord Napier , the Laird .of Mac knob , and John Drummond of Ballacb ( with a Foot Company) had fortified Kincarne (Montrofs’s Principal Houle) which indeed was true. Whereupon Middleton drew his Army thither, and upon refilling to furrender, brought a Num¬ ber of great Ordnance from Sterlin-Caftle , to bat¬ ter the Houle ^ they held out for io Days, until the Noile of the Cannon had 16 dry'd up the Water, that they had none either for Man or Horle -, whereupon they were forced to think upon another Courfe, and 16 at Mid-night (the Moon being let) the Lord Napier and BalladL ( i73 ) with John Graham the Lord Napiers Page (who only knew the Way) leading out three Hoifes at a private Poftern, mounted the fame without any Notice, rode thro’ Guards, and lately efcaped their Hands. The reft did the next Morning fufrender upon Capitulation, which being done, 35 of them were fent away Priloners to the Tollbooth of Edinburgh , and the Remnant being 12 in Num¬ ber, were prelently (hot at a Poll *, and then Middleton ordered the Caftle of Kincarn to be burnt, which was done upon the 16th Day of March. And before Middleton’s removing from that Place, he received from the Committee of' E~ ftates and from that of the Church, an Order to go Northward, in regard of an Advertifement they had gotten of Montrojss thriving in his Le¬ vies, whereof the ftate was thus. Having fpent much time in courting the Mar¬ quis of Huntley to an Union, and finding no Ap¬ pearance of ir, he left him to better Thoughts, and went Northward to Rofs , where he became fo terrible to that Shire and others adjacent, that the Earl of' See forth (who formerly had always kept a loofe Foot) now joined 'cordi¬ ally to him, and was inftrumental to bring in the reft of the great Men in thofe Northern Parts-, wherein he prevailed fo far, that albeit at firft they would not come the length to de¬ clare for Mont rofs , yet they agreed to fubferibe a Bond of Confederation , for prefervihg a Na¬ tional Peace, againft all that obftructed the fame ^ and upon thofe Terms to take up Arms. The ( *74 ) The Principal Hands at the Band were tire Earls of Southerland and Seaforth , the Lord Lo- vet^ the Clans of'the Grants, Mae Intojhes, Duw- bars , Monroes % Mac Lends , Mackenzies , /TDc Ranalds , Innes\ Balkingovone and Brodie. A Copy of the Band being brought South to the Committee of Eftates and Committee of the Church, both fitting at Edinburgh (for now the Peftilence through God’s Mercy was vanifhed) they were much affe&ed therewith. The Committee of the Kirk publiihed a De¬ claration, difcovering the Malignity of it ^ and the Committee of Eftates, by Proclamation at the Crofs of Edinburgh , condemned it $ and both the Declaration of the one, and Proclama¬ tion of the other, were lent to the feveral Pref- byteries throughout the Kingdom, with a pe¬ remptory Command to all Minilters to read them in their Pulpits, and comment upon them. But the Fear wherein that Band put the Com¬ mittee of the Church and Committee of E- ftates, was food leflened ; for the Earl of Sea¬ forth being excepted, (who thereafter never a- bandoned Montrofs) lb Don as he retired from thole Parts, molt of the reft fell away : The Earl of Southerland wrote to the Committee a penitential Letter for his joining in rhe Band, and the Lairds oflnnes^ Tarbat and Brodie came to Edinburgh in Perfon, and in prefence of the Comtniffion declaimed it, offering to remove the Scandal they had given, by lolemn Repen¬ tance. While this was a-doing, came Certainty that Fairfax and Cromwel had befieged the City of Oxford , his Majefty being in it: Whereupon Mens ( 175 ) Men’s Conjectures were different , whether the King would commit himlelf to the Scotch or to the Englifh. But fhortly after the Cafe was refolved by my Lord Balmcrinoch’s return from London i who arrived at Edinburgh upon May i. and re¬ ported to the Committee of Eftates and the Committee of the Church, how they had han¬ dled that Matter fo skilfully and with fuch Suc- cefs, that he was confident the next Advertifement fhould give an Account of his Majefty’s being with the Scotch Army. Wherein he proved no falfe Prophet •, for upon May io. arrived a Pott bringing Letters from the General and Committee of the Army, which fhewed how the King having upon May 5. efcaped from Oxford , under the Notion of Mr, AJhkurnhams Servant (who only came along with him) was now among them at Newark. And hereupon the Earl of Morton prefently dilpatched a Meffenger for Ireland , to call home the Marq. of Argile ^ wherein Royal ifts thought he was over-butte. The firft thing which the General and his Committee impofed upon the King, was to command his Governour of Newark to furren- der that Town to General Poynes. Which being done, the Scotch Army (and the King therewith) was brought Northward to A 'evocaftle. And for fome Days after their fettling there, his Majefty was courteouily ufed ^ fo that his Friends had Opportunity to Ipeak privately with, him 5 and of them, fome fuggefted how befides Noblemen that had the Charge in the Army, there were many Officers of Fortune that favoured ( i7 6 ) favoured him ‘ fo that if David Leflcy could he gained, the whole Army might have been made to own him, (for old he (ley fince his Flight at Long-Marjlon Was in no Efteem among them.) The King (in order to gain him) fent- to him his own Brother, and allowed him to give him Affurance of the Earldom of Orkney for a Re¬ ward, and what more he would defire. Where¬ upon he took the Matter to advife upon, promi- iing ere long to give his Anfwer: But in the mean time went from Edinburgh to Newcaft/e y the Earls of Lanrick and Callender, and Lord Balmerinoch , and having killed the King’s Hand, two of them, viz. the firft and laff, moved the King prefently to fend back the Earl of Callender to Edinburgh , with a Letter to the Committee of Eftates, expreffing his Refolutions to comply With his Parliament ^ and to command Mon- trofs , Huntley , and MacDonald , and all that were in Arms to disband, which they caufed to be printed and publifhed, with Bells and Bom fires* Calendar being thus lent Home (whom they Were glad to be freed of at Newcdftle , becaufe he was reckoned to favour the King) Lanrick, Balmerinoch and the reft, prevailed fo far up¬ on David Leffey , that he gave them AfTurance not to condefcend until the Marquis of Argitfs arrival. The Committee of the Church Was in the mean time careful to keep the Miniftry in Subjection, and therefore (to terrifie others) called before them, on May 17. Dt.Strange, Mr. Edw. Wright ? Mr. William Wilkie, and divers others , whom they ufed very roughly, C > 77 ) The King for making good his Letter to the Committee, difpatched Robert Ker to Montrofs , Huntley and Mac Dona/d for laying down their Arms. The la ft two refufed, but Montrofs pro- feffed his readinefs to obey his Majetty’s Plea- fure, fo foon as Conditions fhould be agreed upon, and warranted Robert Ker to make that Report to the King. Likewife Montrofs wrote privately (by ano¬ ther Bearer ) to his Majefty, that if the Com¬ mand had been extorted from him, he would keep up his Army, and hoped to force them (in whofe Hands he was) to do their Duty to him. But if his Command was Spontaneous, fo that his Majefty efteemed it might be for his Advantage, that he fhould obey, and in that Cafe he would do it upon any Terms, though never fo hard for himfelf 5 and Huntley befbught his Majefty to fignifie his fecret Will by the fame Bearer to him. By this time the Marquis of’ Argile was re¬ turned from Ireland , and upon May 29. went to the King , and with him Crawford Lindfey , and the Earl of Morton , as alfo the Chancel¬ lor returning from London , came that Day to Newcaflle , and all of them having kifs’d the King’s Hand ^ the Chancellor, Argile , Crawford Lindfey and Balmerinocb entered upon the main Point with David Lefley , and at length ob¬ tained Affurance that he fhould not be tempted by the King’s Offers to engage for him, until Argile went firft to London and returned again* And fo leaving there (to hold David Lefley right) the Chancellor, Crawford Lindfey •, Balme¬ rinocb and Argile did prefently begin their Jour- nev, N The C ‘7 8 ) The General Aflembly met at Edinburgh upon June 3 . The firft thing that occur’d in it was a Let¬ ter from the Commiflioners at London , wherein they were fo ingenuous as to tell them, there w T as finall Hopes of fettling Presbyterian Dilci- pline in England. Whereupon the Leaders in the Aflembly put the belt Glols they could on it, left fuch as were difaffe&ed to their Way, ftiould take the Advantage from it to argue again!! their Proceedings, The next thing was the Excommunication of George Earl of Sea forth , for his adhering to Mont refs. Then Mr. Robert Douglas , Mr. Ro¬ bert Blair , Mr. Andrew Cant , and Mr. James Guthry w T ere appointed to repair to Neivcajile to attend the King ^ Mr. David Dick and others of oid-ftanding did not take it w T ell to be paf fed by, and Mr. James Guthry to be pitched upon, ( who then had been a Minifter only for the (pace of four Years.) But the Bufinefs was Mr. James had already given fuch Evi¬ dence of his Bitternels again!! his Majefty, as made the Aflembly to prelume that he would encounter him more boldly and rudely than any other,/ and therefore he was preferred. The Proceedings of the Committee of the Lift Aflembly w 7 ere approved, and a new Committee confifting of the lame Perfons (with little Al¬ teration) was appointed for this Year. Such Minifters as were proceeded again!! for their djfafFe&ion to the Cauie, were remitted to this new Commiflion. As alfo the Laird of Halyburton, having gi¬ ven in a Bill complaining of Mr. James Guthry Minifter of Lauder , Mr. Janies Simjjon Mini- <• ller \ C 179 ) (ter of Sprufio //, and their Adherents for keep¬ ing Browniftical Conventicles, he could not ob¬ tain fo much Equity as once to get his Bill read in Publick, but the fame was referred to the Committee alio. So the Affembly rofe upon June 11. And by this time returned from his Majefty to Montrofs (requiring him without more delay to lay down his Arms) Robert Ker , who had carried the former MelTage, and befides Mon¬ trofs received (by another Bearef) a fecret Let¬ ter from his Majefty, wherein he wrote, That in cafe he fhould not lay down his Arms, they Would make it a Pretext for undoing him, and therefore befought him moft earneftly to do it. Whereunto Montrofs condelcended, and fo Middleton (Commander in Chief of the Forces that oppofed him) having the Conditions to intimate, there was firft betwixt Montrojs and him a (deflation of Arms agreed upon, and af¬ terwards upon July 22. they fettled all things 5 as alfo they two met together in a Mea¬ dow by the Water of illy , and conferred for the fpace of two Hours, there being none near them but one Man for each of them to hold his Horfe. The Conditions were, the Marquis of Montrofs s Lodovick Earl of Crawford, and Sir John Urry to be lecluded from all Pardon or Favour, except fafe Tranfportion beyond Sea, and they to em¬ bark before the Laft of Auguf the Eftates af¬ fording them a Veffel. Gorthy being fore* faulted, his Perfbn to be reftored, but his E~ ftate excepted ( becaufe already difpofed of to halo arras) the reft who were forefaulted to have N 2 their ( 180 ) . their Lives and Fortunes fafe, and to be in all things as before their engaging. The Committee of the Church meeting im¬ mediately after, difallowed this Agreement, as contrary to the Covenant, and petitioned the Committee of Eftates to reverie it. Likewile they themfelves went on in an EcclefiafticalWay, and upon July 27. excommunicated the Earl of Airly , Gortby , Incbbreakie , Mac Donald, Stuart the Adjutant, the Tutor of Strovon and John Stu¬ art of Sbireglafs, Bailiffs of Athol. Notwith- ftanding which, Middleton adhered to the Con¬ ditions, and fo upon the laft of July the Mar¬ quis of Montrofs having drawn his Army to a Rendezvous at Rattrey , after a long Oration to them disbanded them all. The Irijb , and with them Lodovick Earl of Crawford , went Weftward towards Argile, there to embark for Ireland , whence Crawford went ftraight to Spain , to crave Arrears due to him by that King. The Earl of Airly and all the Scotch retired to their own Homes: And Montrofs himlelf (and UrryJ to Old Montrofs , his Prin¬ cipal Dwelling (to prepare for the Sea) where (after lbme Days abode) they fell by Provi¬ dence upon a Ship , which tranlported them fafe to Norway : And from thence they went to Holland , and afterwards to trance to wait upon the Queen. Before this time Argile had done the Bufinels, for which he went to London, having the better Succefs, becaufe of Duke Hamilton s being there wo concur with him ^ for long ere now the Duke had left Pendent?is the Place of his Confinement) and was a Huai ly joined to the Scotch Comrnif fioners at London . 1 T So C 181 ) So they having communicated to their Friends in the Parliament of England , how neceflary it was to oblige David Lefley (for keeping the Scotch Army fixed) and that in regard of the Offers the King had made him , a fmall Thing would not do it; therefore it was refolved pre¬ fen tly to fend him fuch a Prefent as might un¬ doubtedly gain him: Which being performed, he would afterwards hear no more of owning the King, whereby all his Majefty s Friends in the Army weredifcouraged, and fo nothing was attempted for him. The Earl of Morton, who before the Rebel¬ lion had gotten from him his Life-rent of Orkney, now obtained an Flereditary Right to it. As alfo Crawford Lindfey > had the Treafurer’s Place fettled upon him, which formerly {'with¬ out his Majefty’s Allowance) he had polfeffed himfelfofby the Parliamenfs Grant: For now his Ma jelly was reduced to fuch a Pollute, that he mull grant whatever they pleafed to demand. Duke Hamilton , the Marquis of Argile, Lau- - derdale and the reft of the Scotch CqmmiiTioners, having met with a Committee of the Englilh Parliament, for advifing what was next to be done in reference to the King: The Refult was, once more to lend Propofitions to him, and thole being accorded upon, the Parliament nominated the Earls of Penbroke and Suffolk, Sir John Earle and Sir John Hippifty, Robert Goodwin and Luke Robinfon, to repair to Newcaftle and prefent them to his Majefty. Duke Hamilton was the firfl that informed his Majefty thereof, who arriving at Newcaftle , July 17. did presently kils the King’s Hand,. at N ^ which C i 8 ^ ) which inftant of Time (the Day having till then been fair and plealant) there began a terrible Thunder, with Lightning and Rain, which con¬ tinued extraordinary all the Night. And upon the 2 4th came the Marquis of Argile , and as he kils d the King’s Hand, juft the like Thunder, Lightning and Rain (as had been the other Day) began and continued all the Night alfo. Albeit there was nothing miraculous in thole fuddain and unexpected Changes of Weather, yet in regard the lame came without any pre¬ ceding Appearance, and happened precilely at the very moment of Time, wherein thole two killed his Majelly’s Hand, many (who were no Aftronomers) made their Obfervations there¬ upon. Upon the 25 th arrived the Englilh CommiL lioners, and prefented to his Majelly the Pro¬ pofitions, entreating a fpeedy Anlwer thereto, in regard their InftruClions allowed them but to Days ftay in that Place. The King having confidered the Propofitions at length, anfwered, That unto many of them he fhould gladly accord, (for Peace lake) but a- mongft them there were fome intermixed, where- unto he could not alient, unlefshe would un-king himfelf 5 The Propofitions came hither in Print, dated at Weftminfter , July 11. 1646. whereof I lhall only infert thole, againft which his Majefty was Tiid to except moft. L It was craved, that the King fhould lign the League and Covenant ^ approve of the Affembly of Divines and the whole Proceedings of both parliaments, ; ^ JL That C 183 ) II. That for the time to come, the Parlia¬ ments fhould chufe the Officers of*State, Lords of Council, Chief Judges, and Barons of the Ex¬ chequer. III. That the Tower of London he in the City’s Power. IV. That all Honours conferd by the King fince May 1642. be declared Void 5 and none who gets Honours hereafter, to fit in Parliament without the Content of the Parliament. The like for Scotland. V. That in England be excepted from Pardon the Princes Rupert and Maurice, Earls of Derby, Brijiol and IS ewe a file. Lords Cot ting ton, Digby , Hopton and Genuine , with many Knights and Efquires more. And in Scotland, the Marquiffes of Huntley and Mont rofs, Lodovick Earl of Crap- ford, the Earls of Niddefdale , Traquair, Carn- wath and Airly, Lords Gordon, Ogtlby , He tries , and Raes, General Ruthven, General King , Bi- fhop Maxwel, the younger Lairds of Drum and Gight, Sir Alexander Lejley of Anchintol, Col. Cocheran, G or thy and Mac Donald. VI. That the Reformation of Religion be fet¬ tled by AH of Parliament, in fuch Manner as both Houtes fhall agree upon , after Confulta- tion had with the Affembly of Divines. VII. And concerning the Militia, that the Par¬ liament for 20 Years, from the firft 0 i'fuiy 1646. have the full and foie Power thereof, and neither the King nor hisSucceflbrsexercife any part there¬ of.' The like for Scotland. And after the faid 20 Years, in all Cafes where¬ in the Parliament fhall declare the Safety of the Kingdom concerned, and fhall thereupon pafs Bills for railing and employing Forces by Sea or N 4 Land: ( 184 ) Land: That the King and his SuccefTors fhall be obliged to ratifie the Bills, or otherwife the fame wanting the Royal Aflent, fhall have the ftrength of dels of Parliament, and be as valid to all In¬ tents and Purpofes, as if the Royal Affent had had been given. Thele were talked of to be the Articles to which his Majefty was moft averfe * fb he mov’d to the Commiflioners, that they would be pleafed to divide the Articles, and accept Satisfaction from him in thole he could yield to ^ but they replied, All or None. Whereupon he told them, That fince they were fo inftructed , it was not his Fault that they parted without Accommodation, but theirs, who had appointed them to prefs fitch Things where- unto he could not confent, without wronging his inward Peace ( which was dearer to him than his Life) and that therefore he behoved to difmils them with aRefufal, and take his Hazard of what might follow $ adding only that of the Poet, £bti Jacet in Fundo , non babet unde cadet . So that upon Augufl 2. the Englifh CommiP iioners removed from Newe a file homewards, and the next Day the Chancellor, Marquis of Argite , and Earl of Dumfermling , offered to his Majefty to go up and treat with the Parliament for a Mi¬ tigation of the Articles. Whether or not his Majefty truftedthem and expe&ed any good from them, is doubtful : But the Royalifts (who well knew their Ways) fpared not to lay, That their treating would end in a Bargain, ( i8 5 ) Thofe being gone for London, Duke Hamilton > Crawford Lindjey and Lanrick parted next from his Majefty and came for Scotland. And immediately after the General and his Committee began to talk of confining his Ma- Majefty, which that it might be handfomly done, and upon lome fliew of Reafon, William Murray of the Bedchamber, furnifhed a Pretext fug. gelling privately to his Majefty fomething con¬ cerning an Efcape, and offering to make his Way, and have a Ship in readinefs to tranfport him' What entertainment his Majefty gave to the Mo¬ tion, is uncertain ^ but before the time came which William Murray had fet, it was fo divul¬ ged, that there was no other Difcourfe throughout the Army, but of William Murrays Plot to carry away the King *, and thereupon a Guard of Sol¬ diers was prefently planted at his Chamber-door, both within and without ^ whereby his Majefty was not only deprived of Liberty, but alio of Quiet and Retirement -, and having an Antipathy againft Tobacco, was much perplexed, by reafon of their continual Smoaking by him. William Murray therefore retired to London , where the Scotch Commiflioners caufed him to be imprifoned for a time * vet was that inter¬ preted by Malignants to be done in Policy alfo, that the King hearing of his Buffering for that * Attempt, might believe that his Part had been honeft towards him ^ and upon that Account truft him afterwards, whereby he might yet do them more Service. And as to the King’s Reftraint (his Majefty -knowing that the General and his Committee acled according as the Great Ones prefcribed to them) therefore did he interpret it to have been C IM) been refolved on betwixt them and the Englifh Commiffioners before their parting from New- eaftle, and committed to the General to be done when they were gone, which made him appre- henfive of worfe to follow. Yet Duke Hamilton at parting having given him ample Affurance of engaging the Committee of Eftates at Edinburgh to own him j and his Majefty confidering that he having now the Ad¬ vantage of the Chancellor, Argile and War rift on s Abfence, was able to rule the Committee at his Pieafure, entertained thereupon fome glimpfe of Hope. And indeed the ftately Way of the Duke’s En¬ try wrought upon many of' the fimpler Sort throughout the Land to expeft fome good by him : For his Grace with Crazvford Lindfey and Lanrick , having come together to the Beal , (where his Natural Sifter was Lady) Crawford and Lanrick went immediately to Edinburgh , where they arrived upon Augujl 6. but the Duke flay’d at Beal till the nth, on which Day be¬ ing accompanied by his Friends (amounting to 400 Horfe) his Grace came to Edinburgh in Pomp. And next Day went to the Committee on Foot, with the fame Attendance. Where it was refolved to call againft the 18th Day, the whole Members of the Committee of Eftates, and the Lords of the fecret Council, to meet for debating, Whether to own the King, or call home the Army, and leave him to the En¬ glish- Againft that Day they all convene, and fo did the Committee of the Church alfo. And ( >®7 ) And after fome debate upon the Queftion, it was concluded, That before they made any Pro- grels towards a Refolution, firft, Three of every Eftate fhould be lent to the King to deal with his Majefty, to fign the Englifh Propofitions. Thole nominated lor that Employment were, Duke Hamilton , the Earls of Crazvford-Lindfey , and Caffe Is , the Lairds of Freeland , Gartbland , and Brodie , Sir Alexander Wedderburn Clerk of Dundee , Edward Edgar Bailiff of Edinburgh , and William Glendinnen Burgels of Kirkubry . All which went away upon September 2. And the Committee of the Church fat Hill to attend their return, and in the mean time fell upon the Lord of Halyburtons Bill (remitted to them by the late Affembly) concerning Conventicles kept in Aler/e by James Guthry , Mr. James Simpfon , and their Adherents. But although many things were prov’d againft them, which were very grofs and offenfive, yet the Plurality of the Committee voted them not cenfurable. From which divers found and reverend Minifters diffented, and urged that their Diffent might be recorded in the Com¬ mittee Books *, which was done. The Committee proceeded next to the Cen- fure of Minifters that had been refer’d to them, and having fpent lome Hours in Examination of Witneffes, deferred the pronouncing of their Sentences till another timein regard the Com- miffioners being now returned from the King, they behoved to attend greater Affairs. Upon Sept. 1 6 . the Commiffioners made their Report unto the Committee, which was, That his Majefty refufed to leal thole Propoliti- ons. Where- / ( * 88 ) Whereupon the Committee fat divers Days after upon the Debate, and thofe that truly fa¬ voured the King, did not enforce their Opinion by Reafons taken from his Intereft (hisEnemies being fo cunning as that would have been e- fteemed Malignancy in the higheft degree) but from the Account of' Reformation. That feeing the Reafon given in the Year 1645. for carrying the Army into England , was to purfue the Refor¬ mation how then could they withdraw the Army, when that End was not yet obtained > The Committee of'the Church hearing thereof, fent Mr. Robert Blair and Mr. David Dick , Mr. Andrew Cant , and Mr. James Guthry to the Committee of Eftates to defire that they fhould no longer defer their Refolution to call home the Army upon the Account of Reformation, becaufe they could not prefs Mens Confci- ences. This was efteemed by Royaliffs to be very con¬ trary to the Method they took in the Year 1644. when they impofed fo far upon Mens Confidences, as to contain many, both high and low, to fub- fcribe and fwear the League and Covenant much againff their Inclinations. However, the Refalt of the Debate was, That the Determination of the Queftion fhould be fuf- pended, until the Meeting of the Parliament upon November 3. And when this came to be noifed throughout the Land, none were fo fimple but that they faw the Plot, how by that time the Chancellor, Argile and Warrifton would be retur¬ ned, to carry theBufinefs againff the King. And likewife they fpared not to talk Liberally of Duke Hamilton and his Brother Lanrick , who being able (in their Abfence) to have done in the ■ ( > 8.9 ) the Committee whatfoever they plea feel, had brought the Matter to that pals. And indeed it looks as if the deferring of the Bufinels until the fitting of the Parliament, had not been carried over the Duke’s Belly and his Brother’s , but was conlonant to fome Conclu- fion, which had been agreed unto at Berwick , be¬ twixt them and thole at London 5 in regard the Chancellor and Argile at their coming thither, did give Alfurance to the Englilh Parliament, that nothing would be refolved upon at Home before the Meeting of the Scotch Parliament in November. And upon that Account the Englilh Parliament appointed a grand Committee to treat with them upon the Subject. And being met, the Englilh pleaded, That they fhould have the foie Power of dilpofing of the King, fecluding the Scotch from any Interelf therein-, and they upon the other Part urged, That feeing he was King of both Nations, both Ihould have equal Power, (elpecially becaule of . the League and Covenant w r hereby both were ty’d to aft jointly in all things.) And that the Ho- neftv of the Scotch Commilfioners might be publickly underftood, three of the Chancellors Speeches to that effqH (having been fpoken at leveral Meetings in the Pointed Chamber) were lent Home and printed at Edinburgh. However, the Commilfioners on both Sides came at length nearer to the Point, viz. That if the Scotch fhould confent to retire their Army, and leave the King to them, it would be requifite they Ihould have Money, which the other were willing to give. And fo (that being made the Hate of the Quelfon, What will you give m, and we will de¬ liver ( » 9 ° ) liver him to you?) the Chancellor was left to concur with 'Lauderdale and the other Commit fioners, that refided there to drive the Bargain to a Price ; and the Marquis of Argile and Warri- fton haftned Home, to attend the fitting of the Parliament, In the Way, Warrifton got from the King the Office of being his Majefty’s Advocate, (become vacant by the Death of Sir Tbo. Hope) as alfo the Rent of the Chapel-Royal, ( vacant by the Death of Mr. Henderfon ) had lately been bellowed upon Mr. Robert Blair. Nor was his Majefty to be blamed for gratifying them, not being then in a Capacity to refufe whatloever they prefled. And on the other Part, although they pretended Confidence for their acting againft him, yet their Confciences were fo tradable, that they would give them leave to receive Benefits from him. The only Misfortune was, That Mr. Robert Douglas being dilpleafed that . Blair ( and not himfelf) fhould catch that Mor- fel, did afterwards look more lourly upon the King than before. The Parliament fat down upon Nov. 3. The firft thing that occured, was a Letter from Middleton , for more Forces to be fenthim, to fup- prefs the Gordons , and fo Henry Barclay ’s Regi¬ ment with two more, were ordered to march Northwards to him. Afterwards Middletons Capitulation with Montrofs was ratified, notwithstanding that, be- fides the Committee of the Church, the Mar¬ quis of Argile , and all his Faction, oppofed the fame 1 fo great was the Duke’s Power at that time. And C >9* ) And thole lefler Things being done, the Roy* alifts dealt with his Grace, that he would be plea- fed to bring in the main Bufinefs, concerning the owning of the King. And in particular my Lord Innepeffer ( who was a Commiffioner for Angus) having try’d the Pulfe of the moft Part of the Commiffioners, and found them right for his Majefty, went to the Duke, and befought his Grace,. that without de¬ lay it might be gone about, affuring him that now it would come for the King by thirty Voices; whereas if it were delay’d, the Arg'ilians and Commiffioners of the Church intrigued Id bufily as it might be feared, they would in Pro- , grefs of time draw away fo many that the Caufe would be loft. The Duke thanked him for his Affe&ion to the King, but with all entreated he would leave the timeing of the Bufinefs to him, who knew belt to take an Opportunity for it. Like as the Week following Unepeffer fin¬ ding that fome of thofe who formerly had gi¬ ven him Aflurance, were already changed, lent Sir John Ham i It on (Juftice-Clerk) to the Duke again, to fhew that by reafon of Mens Inconftancy now they could only carry it by 17 Voices and if it were delay’d a Week more, all Hope would be gone, and therefoie humbly befought his Grace prefently to fall to it, but the Anfwer he fent by Sir John, was the fame he had formerly gi¬ And indeed it was the 17 th of December be¬ fore his Grace made any mention of it 5 and then a grand Committee being appointed to confider of the Bufinels, there were Letters from the Com¬ miffioners at Londw prelented, fhewing, that they C 192 ) they were fo far advanced in the Way of agreeing with the Parliament of England , as to receive 200000/. Sterling in Hand - and Publick Faith for as much more to be paid at Terms, on Con¬ dition they would retire their Army, and fur- render the King without any Conditions for him. In regard the Duke (on whom thole in the Par¬ liament depended who had a mind to own the King) lingered to fall on the Bulinels, until thole Letters came 5 they colleHed, that (notwithftan- ding his Profelhons to the contrary) he was in the fame bottom with the reft, and therefore the moft Part of them refolved to comply, left other- wile they Ihould draw upon themfelves the Wrath of that Faclion, and in the mean time be able to do no good. And that the Grand Committee might go on the more unanimoufly, the Committee * Caution, of the Church publifhed a * Warning , tending to keep in with the Parliament of England , and not to own the King. After which the -Commmittees Opinion to the’ Parliament was, That yet once more, two of every Fftate Ihould be fent to the King, for requiring him to lign the Propofitions, with Certification that if he refilled, they would retire their Army and leave him to the Englilh, which the Parli- - ment aftented to: And thereupon nominated to go to his Majefty (with that Commilfion) the Earl 0 { Lothian and Lord Bale arras ,, the Lairds of Gartbland and Freeland , Edward Edgar and, William Glen dinner , who all went away upon December 29. ) At this Difpatch the Duke and his Brother Lanrick fpake a little againft the'Termor of the Com- ( m ) Commiffion as being too peremptory, but were not contentious about it. And the Marquis of Argile and his Followers,who were accuftomed to difpenfe with them to make a ftir in the begin¬ ning of every Bufinels, leeing in the end they fhfFered the Reiolution to go their Way, took little Notice of it. Yea the Commiflioners of the Church (who were worle to fatisfie) took no Ex¬ ceptions againft them. In token whereof (without any Recommenda¬ tion there-anent from the General Aflembly) they did, at their defire, relax from the Sentence of Excommunication, the Earl of Seaforth and Lord Ogilby , two whom the Marquis of Argile held for his greateft Enemies, and upon that Account did his utmolf that they might not obtain that Fa¬ vour, 3 647, I N thefirft Week of January came the laft Ad- vertifement from the Commiflioners at Lon* don , That now they had perfectly agreed with the Parliament of England to receive the Money a- bove-mentioned 5 and to retire their Army and leave the King to them without any Conditions for him, or in relation to our Intereft in him: As the A£f of the Englifh Parliament there-anent did bear, which they alfo fent hither and required a prefent An fvver. Hereupon the Matter was again debated in Parliament until the return of the Commiflioners from Nevocaftle , with his Majefty s laft RefulaL And afterwards upon July 16. by the Voice of the Houle it was concluded, that according to the A* greement of the Commiflioners above, the Army ( m ) fhould retire, and the King be left to the En- glifh, without any Conditions lor him, or our Intereft in him. There were only for the Negative, of the Nobility Duke Hamilton , and his Brother Lan- rick , with the Earls of Kingborn and Tulhbardin , and the Lords Spynie and Glibank *, of the Gen¬ try, Halkerton , Innerpejfer , Mondr gone and Cur* den •, and of the Commiffioners and of the Burghs, thofe of Forfar , Taine in Rofs and Bricben. Neither did Duke Hamilton and his Brother Lanrick fave their Credits (as to the Point of Loyalty) by their Voices, in regard all their Friends and Followers went the other Way ^ liich as ( chiefly ) the Earl of Crawford-Lindjey , Pre- fident of the Parliament, the Earls of Cajjels , Glencarn and Eglinton , the Lord of Loure (after¬ ward Earl of Airtby) Bargenny and Cocberan , Sir James Lockhart of Lee, Sir John Hamleton of Beal j and others. The Guilt and Shame due to this Fafr, fhould not (with Reafon) be imputed to the Generality of the Scotch Nation, in regard, l'irfl. Of the Nobility, that wholoever fhall be at the Pains to compare the Lift of Scotch Noble¬ men, with the Sederunt of Parliament, will find that the 3d Part of the Nobility was not prefent, very many having been fecluded for their known Afte&ion to the King, and others upon other Pre¬ texts, and (poflibly) fome who would have been admitted, did on their own accord withdraw, be- in on the one Part refolved not to comply, and on the other hand, loath by their Diflent to oftend the prevailing Faftion, left they fhould encroach upon their Fortunes. * And ( *95 ) And, Secondly, As for the Gentry, Burghs and Commonalty throughout the Land, (Life and the Weftern Shires betwixt Hamilton and Galloway , being excepted) there were an hundred for one (all the Kingdom over) that abhored it, and would never have inftrufled their Commitfioners that way: So that they alone have to anfwer to God for that Deportment. Howbeit, thole who fent them were lo over-awed that they durft not chal¬ lenge them. And, Thirdly , As for the Miniftry, albeit they had been always careful to conllitute the Com¬ mittee of the Church fo, that the Plurality there¬ of Ihould run their Way, yet was there found lome who all along in their Debates, exo¬ nerated themfelves fairly : Such as Mr. An* drew Ram fey, and Mr. William Colvil , Minifters of Edinburgh , Mr. Andrew hair foul Mailer of Leith , Mr. Robert Knox Minifter of Re Jo, Mr. Oliver Cout Minifter of Innernefs, Mr. David Drummond Minifter of Lithgoe , Mr. hen . Guthry Minifter of Sterlin, and others: And as for the Body of the Miniftry throughout the Kingdom, the far greater Part dilfallowed it * howbeit, lothnels to be deprived of their Fun&ion and Livelyhood, reftrained them from giving a Te- llimony. The A 61 of Parliament being quicklv lent to the Commilfioners at London, the Englilh Parliament did without delay deliver at Newcaftle the Sum of 200000 /. Sterlin to the Scotch CommilTary- General, whereupon followed the delivering up the King to them, which was upon Thurfday Jan. 28. at 9 a Clock j and immediately after the Scotch Army marched thence and came home¬ ward ; The Earl of Pembroke who had received 0 3 the (196) the King, ftay’d with him there until Feb. 3. and then (according to his Orders) carried him away to Holmby-houfe , where the Parliament of En¬ gland meant he (hould remain. While the Scots Army was on their Way homeward, the Parliament concluded, that after their arrival the molt part of them Ihould be dis¬ banded, and only a new Model to be kept of 6000 Foot and 1200 Horfe, to be commanded as fol¬ lows. Rout-Mafters, the General, Lieutenant-General, Major-General,Sir John Brown, Rob. Montgomery , the Laird of Aldy, Rockhart Junior of Lee, Thorn¬ ton., Ludwharn, Mungo Murray, Riccarton Craigg, Henry Barclay, David Barclay and Col. Fraijer. Colonels of Foot : Argile, Archinles , Dear Saundy Hamilton , Col. Scot,?atfcoty and Heburne. Lieutenant-Colonels, Argiles to ftand, Archinles s to ftand, and David Weems, John Roch , Junes, and Hal den. Majors of Foot: Argil# s to ftand, Archinles s to ftand, and Tours, Meldrum,Agnece and A/tfir. The disbanding was not only talked of by Syco¬ phants (of whom they had no great Security) but alfo by Minifters from their Pulpits, as an A£t of great Love to their Countrey, done for the Eafe thereof, whereas it was well enough known they did it for their own Security, to get luch of their Army (both Officers and Soldiers) disbanded, as were tainted with what they call’d Malignancy , and none kept up but thole of whom they might be confident, that whatfoever they attempted, they would go along with it. So foon as the Army arrived, there being three Month’s Pay delivered to each Soldier, they did all peaceably disband, except thole of the new Model. * Soon ( "97 ) Soon after David Le/ley (with a Party of his Model) was fent to the North , there to join with Middleton for fuppreffing the Gordons , who yet kept up in Arms * and the remaining Part was ordered to ftay in the Heart of the Kingdom to guard the Parliament, and to be a Terrour to thole throughout the Land, that groaned for the King. The Earl of Morton obtained in Parliament a Ratification of the Hereditary Right of Orkney. As alfo of the Englilh Money, the Parliament appointed to the Matquis of Argile for himfelf wool. Sterling, and for his Friends 17000/. Sterling and for his Common People, the Com¬ mittee of the Church, appointed all the Minifters throughout the Kingdom to colleH a voluntary Contribution, and to deliver the lame to James Stuart in Edinburgh , and George Porte fie Id in Glafgoe , who were made Receivers thereof The next Week the Parliament ordered 3000 /. Sterling be to given to Sir Archibald Job fion of War rift on, as a Reward of his Service. And towards the Clofe of the Parliament, it was appointed by Authority thereof, that Duke Hamilton Ihould have given to him 30000 /. Ster¬ ling for his Lolfes in the good Caufe, elpecially when MontroJ's lay at Bet hive l. Nor was it doubted, but that Minifters were al¬ fo rewarded, yet the lame was fo convey’d, that the Proportions came not to be publickly known- only it was obferved, that afterwards they lived very fumptuoully, and divers of them became very rich, fuch as Mr. Dick , Blair , Cant and others. At laft the Parl iament nominated a grand Com¬ mittee of 20 for every Eftate, with ample Power to rule, until the next Parliament, which was ap¬ pointed to fiti a March 1648. O 3 And ( i9 8 ) And fb upon March 27. the firft Triennial Par¬ liament role. In the beginning of April came Certainty of David Lefley s Succefs in the A orth^ how the Ga~ rilbns of Wards and btrahogie had both furrendred to him, and that thereupon he had prefently cau- fed fuch Irifh and Delerters as he found therein to be hanged, giving quarter to the reft. And that thereafter the Marquis of Hunt ley's ( whole f orces had deferted him, and were retir’d to Corners, till they might capitulate for their Lives) and fome few Gentlemen that adhered to him were forced to flee to Lochaber for fhelter, and from thence wrote to David Lefley to inter¬ cede with the Committee of Eftates for Liberty to them to remove out of the Kingdom, which was refufed. Then Middleton with his Forces being appoin¬ ted to remain in rhe North for preventing new In- furreftions, David Lefley and his Army were or¬ dered South that they might be employed againft Mac Donald , who yet continued in Arms in the Marquis of Argile\ Countrey. For which End, David Lefley quartered his Army in Straihallan (keeping his Head-quarters in Dumblain) until the middle of May, (at w^hich time the Marquis (having adjourned the Com¬ mittee of Eftates) came to Dumblain to guide the Way to David L efley and his Army : And having begun their march upon May 17. arrived at In¬ nerary upon rhe 2iff. From whence upon the 24th they advanced to Kintyre , where Mac Donald was •, his Strength was reckoned to be 1400 Foot, and 2 Troops of Horfe* Mac ( 1 99 ) Mac Donald skirmifhed with them upon the s^th, from Morning till Night, but the next Day liimfelf and his Irifh (having Boats in readinefs) fled to the I lies, and from thence to Ire/and. The Countrey-People (whom he had conftrain- ed to join him) fubmitted upon Quarter given them by David Lefley. But having furrendred their Arms the Marquis and a bloody Preacher (Mr. John A T ewy) prevailed with him to break his Word, and fo the Army was let loofe upon them, and killed them all without Mercy. Where¬ at David Lejley feemed to have fome inward Check: For while the Marquis and he, with Mr. A ewy were walking over the Ancles in Blood, he turned about and laid, Now Mr. John have you not once gotten your Fill of Blood l This was reported by many that heard it. After this, they tranfported their Army to Illy, for reducing that Bland, and efpecially a ftrong Caftle therein, (called Daniveg) where Mac Do¬ nald had planted a Garifon. And that being done, they turned homeward; but before their arrival, had Intelligence from England , that upon June 4. Cornet Joyce with 1000 Horfe, by Fairfax’s and Cromwel s Orders (without the Parliament’s) had come to Holm by- boufe and carried the King away: Whom after¬ wards Fairfax and Cromwel caufed for a long time to march to and fro with them at the Head of their Army ^ and after that fettled him at Hamp- ton-Court , keeping (their) ftrong Guards about him, whereby he had no more Freedom than for-, merly at Holmby, Whereunto this might tend, was hard to prog- nofticate: Neverthelefs, the Committee ofEftates and Committee of the Church thought themfelves O 4 con- ( 200 ) concerned to meet and confider what was incum- bent upon them on this Emergent: And being up¬ on June 22. alfembled, they did prefently adjourn till, July, that they might get farther Intelligence. And on July 17. arrived Mr, George Windram , who told them, 1. That the Army’s Power encreafed. 2. That Liberty of Confidence was thought to be aim’d at by them,with an Univerfal Tolleration, 3, That General Poynes (who formerly ferved under the Parliament) was by their Orders (with¬ out the Parliament’s Knowledge) taken and made Priioner in PontefraU-Cajlle . And, 4, That upon July 12. the Army had fent to the Parliament and City lorne Propolals of an odd Strain. What the Propofals might be, was not well underftood, until that at the end of July the Scotch Commiffioners leliding at London gave an Account, that upon the Receit of thole Propolals, the City of London with the Apprentices and Watermen did all join in a new Bond for the Ends of the Covenant, and prefented the fame to the Parliament. That the firft Day they appeared, the Parlia¬ ment had condemned the Bond, and forbid them to own it under pain ofTreafon * but that they copaing again the next day in greater numbers (and more tumultuoully) the Parliament had revoked their former Sentence, and approved what they had done. Whereof Fairfax and Cromwel being advertiled by the SeHarian Party in the Houle (with which they then comply’d) they drew the Army towards Jondon , and aftc* lome Treaty, (wherein Mr, Jlaxvjel was a chief AQor, who at his being there in ( 201 ) In the Year 1543. profeffed to be a Presbyterian but now had wheeled about) the City fubmitted to the Army, and Fairfax and Cromwel\ at the Head thereof marched through the fame, having the Tower, the Militia of the City, and all delivered to them. This Riling at London put our Great Ones to fuch a Nonplus, they knew not what to do or lay and therefore refolved to be quiet, until the De- fign thereof fhould be better underftood. So the General AiTembly fat down at Edin¬ burgh upon Auguft 3. and rofe again September 1. The chief Things done in it were, A Confeffion of Faith was approved ; And a Directory for a Family-Worfhip : And a Nati¬ onal Thankfgiving appointed to be celebrated the laft Sabbath of September , for David Lejleys Suc- cels in chafing away Mac Donald. The Commi ttee of the Preceding Affembly was approved, with Thanks to them for their Fidelity and Diligence. r And a new Committee was appointed for the Year following, whereunto all the Particular Af¬ fairs that came before the Affembly, were referred. The Committee of Eftates fat in the mean time, and having gotten from Lauderdale , and the reft of the Commilfioners that refided in London , far¬ ther Intelligence, they concluded to fend up the Chancellor and the Earl of Lanrick , to aft in Conjunction with them for the Inter eft of this Nation. And thereafter the Marquis of A gile went home to fettle his Countrey, and upon September 2 r, cauled Col. Mac Gillefpick ., Alexander Mac Do¬ nald's Father to be hanged. The ( 202 ) The Country being oppreft by D.Lefiefs Army, took the Advantage of Argil? s abfence to fuppli- catethe Committee of Eftates for disbanding the lame (expe&ing that the Hami/tons (who al¬ ways profefled Friendfhip to theRoyalifts) would now (when he was not there) have done it. But the Anfwer was, An Aft ordering the Army to dif band upon Otlober 20. provided the Committee of Eftates (which prefently adjourned till Otlober 12.) Ihould then think it expedient. When the Sup¬ plicants found this was all they had obtained, they called it a Lick of Cream and laid, It was like the reft ^/Hamilton’s Doings ^ feeing it might be prefumed, that before that time the Marquis of Argile would be returned to quafh it. In the mean while, the Chancellor and Earl of Launch went away for London , as alio the Earl of Callendar went up on his own Account, but had no Commiffion. Callendar returned long before the reft, having gotten from the King fundry Grants, and among the reft the Office of Sheriff of Sterhnfhire , which had belonged by Inheritance to the Houfe of Alar, until the King would needs have the Earl of Mar to refign the fame into his Hands $ and (in recompence thereof and for Satisfaction of fome Debts owing by his Majefty to him) gave him a Leafe of the Lordfhip of Sterlin lor certain Years: Which never thelefs the Marquis of Argile hindred palling the Seals * fuch was his Malice again!! the Noble Houle of /I W,for the Loyalty thereof not- withftanding the many Ways he was related thereto. So loon as the Chancellor and Lanrick arrived at London , and (with the reft) had conferred with their Correfpondents in the Parliament upon the State ( 2 °3 ) State of Affairs, one Mr. Roe was lent down from the Parliament to our Committee of Eftates, to urge, that the Scotch Army might be brought home from Ireland, offering only (inftead of all their Arrears) a Fortnight’s Pay for their Tranlportation. This was the only Affair which he publickly profefled he was intrufted wich ^ but it was ge¬ nerally believed, that he brought other Meflages which the Committee thought not fit to divulge. In the beginning of Ottober the Marquis ofyir- gile returned to Edinburgh , to attend the fitting of the Committee upon the 12th thereof ^ at which time the Duke and his Adherents liiffered him to carry the keeping up of David Lejley% Army, until the Parliament (which was not to fit before March 1648.) fhould determine about it: Whereunto the Commilfioners of the General Allembly were very helpful, having (befide their prelent intriguing) fet forth a Declaration for that End. The Army being now out of Fear to be disban¬ ded, became more rude than before : For not- withftanding that Monthly Maintenance which was exadled throughout the Land for the Enter¬ tainment thereof, (and that fo unmercifully that every Colleftor enriched himfelf thereby) yet the Soldiers were ever fuffered to take free Quarters amongft all that were fuppofed to favour the King •, and not only fo, but farther, to do them all the Harm they could : For there was no more to be done, but once to give them the Name of Malignant s ,and then it was Piety to plunder them. And befides this, another Courle (which had formerly been devis’d again!! them) was prolecuted with more and more Severity ; which was, to call before C 20 4 ) before the Committee of Eftates fuch and fuch Men, and then ordain them to lend Money to the Publick, (whether they had it or no) fome i eo L forae 200 /. Sterling, and lome more, as cneCom¬ mittee was plealed to determine: And if any fcru- pled to obey, the Proportion wasprefendv doubled upon them ^ or if any pro felled to want Money, fome or other of the Collectors would olfer to lend them Money upon Bond, which againit the next Term would make him liable to pay the Sum, with Intereft : And if any did obftinately Itand out, he was (hut up in Prifon till he fubmitted. They gloried (o much in this Device, that they ufed to contend among themfelves, Whether the quicknels of the Invention (hould be afcribed to the Committee of Eftates or to the Committee of the Church ^ it being (Paid they) the _t Vexw & moft excellent Way that could be Tomenthg. thought on for * Rea* hing Heart Ma- lignants, (as they called them who diftallowed their Courfe, and vet walked fo re- fervedly, that they could find no Pretexts in a Le¬ gal Way, whereby they could fine or forefault them.) And indeed by this Way they drew from honeft People fiich Sums, as did fufficiently impoverifh them, and made the Committee abundantly able both to gratifie Sycophants that depended upon them, and daily to corrupt more and more. Yet notwithftanding thele Public]* Methods, they negleCled not to ule more private Means, among which this was one, Archibald. Lord Napier , (a Nobleman, for True Worth and Loyalty inferior to none in the Land) having in the Year 1645. died in his Maje- fty’s Service at Vrancaflle in Athol^ the Committee re- ( 205 ) refolved to iaile his Bones, and pafs a ForefauL ture thereupon and for that End, Letters were raifed, and ordained to be executed at the Peir of Leith againft Archibald .Lord Napier his Son (then under Exile for his Loyalty) to appear upon 60 Days Warning, and to hear and fee the fame done. And when his Friends were ftartled at it and made Enquiry, what was meant by it, they found it was only to draw Money from the (now) Lord A 1 a pier , for the ufe of Lome Sycophants that expe&ed it * and fo they advanced 5000 Marks to that End ? and thereupon the intended Forefaulture was difcharged. This was not the firff of the Lord Napier’s Money they had gotten, for after Mont rof s's Re¬ moval, when he came Home to fettle his Affairs that he might alfo go abroad, the Committee con¬ strained him to pay them 2000 /. Sterling, under the Name of Yorefaultures , (becaufe his late Noble Father and he had (in the Year 1645.) bro¬ ken from their Confinemen ts and joined Mont rofs) and that with fuch Rigour, that albeit they ow’d him 8000 Marks for Provifions they had bought of his Father, towards the Subfffence of the Ar¬ my in the A ear 1640. yet could he not obtain that the fame fhould be allowed in part of Pay¬ ment, but they made him deliver the faid Sum of 2000/. Sterling intirely, without any Satif- faftion at all for the Victuals. Whilft thus they ruled in an Arbitrary Way they were pleafed to make themfelves merry with a Spectacle, which was very Tragical-, the Lairds of A 'em on (Gordon) and Heart]el the younger being taken Prifoners by Midd/eton, had been lent to the Tolbooth of Edinburgh, whom the Com¬ mittee condemned to die * and albeit before the Exe* ( 20 6 ) Execution of the Sentence, their Friends had pro¬ cured and brought home for them the King’s Re- million, the fame was not regarded, but notwith- Handing thereof they were both beheaded at the Crofs of Edinburgh, for no other Caufe fo much asalledged) but their Loyalty, having been in the King’s Service, hrft under Mont rofs and af¬ terwards under Huntley, tleartfel fuffered upon Qtlober 2 6. and the other fhortly after him. Hereafter no new Thing occured, until AW. 20. at which time there came from the Chancellor, Han nek , Lauderdale and the reft of the Refiden- tiaries at London , an Advertifement concerning the KingsEfcapefrom Hampton-Court 5 whereof the Occafion was laid to be, a Letter fent him from fome who pretended to be his Friends, inti¬ mating, That the Independants intended to mur- ther him, and therefore advifed him to fly to the Ille ot Wight for Safety. Whereupon hisMajefty (having left upon his Table a Letter for the Parliament, fhewing the Reafon of his Removal, with one to Col. Whaley, and another to the Captain of the Guards) went away at Night, and with him Sir John Barclay , Capt. Leg , and Mr. AJhburnbam , and rode ftreight towards the Ille, from whence Col. Hammond. Governour thereof, had come afhore to attend his arrival in that Place, and prelently received him, and carried him to Carnsbrook-Caftle within that Ifle. Upon the Notice thereof, the Committee of Eltates and Commilfion of the Church did meet very lolemnly December 2. W here the firft Occurence was an Account from Middleton, that now the Marquis of Huntley was his Prifoner ^ having been taken by Col. Menzies in Strathanaver, where he lurked at that time. The ( 207 ) The Committee ordered Middleton to fend him without delay to Edinburgh • where upon December 24. he arrived, and the Troopers that brought him up, having at the entry of the Town delivered him to the Magiftrates, he was bv them guarded to the Tolbooth. And upon December 21. the Queftion was de¬ bated in the Committee,Whether he Ihould be pre- fently executed or reprieved till the Meeting of the Parliament: The Marquis of Arg'de (being his Brother-in-Law, yet his great Enemy) with¬ drew when it was put to the Vote * but all of his Fa£Hon were for prefent Execution, and fo was the Committee of Church alfo, (by their moft earnelt Solicitations) neverthelefs, it was carried (and that only by one Voice) that his Lite Ihould be ipared until the Parliament. Which was the rather thus carried, in regard the News they received in the mean time from the Commilfioners at London, touched them fo deeply, that they valued the lefs what fhould be determined concerning him. For now they were certified, that the Parlia¬ ment ot England had refolved to admit of a Per fonal Treaty with the King: His Maieifr firft condefcendmg to Four Articles, viz. i. To quit fhonM a' 3 f0 f eVe r, 2 - Th3Cthe Parliament inould adjourn themtelves as they pleated. 2 That no Noblemen created by him fince his withdraw¬ ing Iumielf from the Parliament, ihould fit in the Houfe of Peers, until the Parliament had -atified oh cfA eat i°"-, And ’ 4- Th « he fhould difclaim |P“ias Proclamations, &c. emittedagainftthe 1 ^? on , *h>s Occafion the Chancellor, Lanrick Lauderdale, and the reft of the Commilfioners began C 2 °8 ) began to a£1 in a new Way «, for whereas former- ly it had been their Cuftom to quarrel with the King for not granting enough to his Parliament j now they alledged, that if he fhould fign thole Articles, he would thereby grant too much, nay, more than was either fit or juft. Whereupon at firft when thofe Four Articles were drawn up by the Parliament, to be lent to his Majefty, they entred their Diflent before the Parliament, and put out a Declaration againft the lame which being fent hither to the Committee of Eftates, was by them approved and reprinted at Edinburgh , whereby it might come to the knowledge of the Lieges; as alfo there was a Letter of Thanklgiving lent to them, wherein it was delired they would continue conftant. And when the Parliament’s Commiflioners went to the Ille of Wight to prelent unto the King thole preparatory Propolitions, and delire that his Ma¬ jefty would pleale to fign the lame: The Scotch Commiflioners went thither alfo, and in his Ma¬ jefty’s Prelence protefted againft his doing thereof \ which Proteftation being by them lent home to the Committee of Eftates, was mightily approved. The King being thus in a Strait betwixt two, did take the Matter into Confideration for Lome time ^ and in the mean time the Chancellor, Lau¬ derdale^ and Lanrick did (with the Profelfion of much Affe&ion to him) inlinuate, that rather than his Majefty fhould condelcend to thofe Articles, it were better for him to make lome farther Steps, in giving Scotland lome Contentment, anent the Reformation *, which if his Majefty fhould do, they would undertake that the whole Kingdom fhould engage for his Reftauration, Where- C 209 ) Whereupon the King and they entred upon a Treaty concerning fuch Conceflionsas might fatif- fiethe Scotch Nation. 1648. A nd at length, by the middle of June^ his Majefty and they accorded upon certain Articles, which they in the Name of the Kingdom of Scotland , acknowledged to be futisfacfory • and thereupon did undertake that the Kingdom fhould own his Majefty, and take Arms for his Re-efta- blifhment, with the News whereof they lent down Mr. John Cbeijley (who being firft Mr. Hender - fons Servant, had been by him preferred to be Clerk to the Commiffioners) to whom the King promifed him the firft vacant Place, and in the mean time Knighted him) and made him Mafter of Requefts in the room of an old Faithful Ser= vant (Sir James Galloway) who had lately been advanced to the Title of Lord Dunkeld. The King having thus tranfaded with the Scots, called for the Englifh Commiffioners, and after a fhort difcourle, diffniffed them with a Negative Anlwer, which they at their return to Wejlminfter , having reported, the Parliament thereupon puffed an Ad, that no Man thereafter fhould make any Application- to him as King of England , under Pain of Treafon, and withal lent an Order to the Governour of the Me of Wight , to ftint him up in dole Prifon * which he obeyed. When the Report of diefe Things came Home, true Royalifts were confounded with Grief’ that his Majefty had not rather doled with the Par¬ liament of England upon any Terms, than again P to ( 210 ) to caft himfelf upon the Scots, of whom late Experience might have taught him what to expeft. But the Committee of Eftates and Committee of the Church were over-joy'd, that the King and the Englifh were finally parted, and the Game brought into their Hands again. The return of the Commillioners was the next thing wifhed for, touching which they were foon futisfied, for they having no more to do at London , haftned Home. Upon January 27. arrived Hugh Kennedy , and Mr. Robert Barclay • and upon February 9. came the reft, together with two of the Houle of Com¬ mons, commiffionated from the Parliament of England (and with ’em Mr. Marfhal the Preacher, he who, being here a Year ago, profelfed to be a F re sbyt erianfutWncz turn’d Independent.) Thole gave an Account, that the Earls of Nottingham and Stanford were alio coming from the Houle of Peers, and with them Mr. Her/e. The Committee of Eftates and Committee of the Church, having both fat down, before the CommifTionef s arrival to attend the lame. The Chancellor did upon, the next Day after their coming, which was Eebr. 1 o. make a Speech before the Committee, and reported their Pro¬ ceedings in. England^ and promiled to add to his Dilcourle upon Friday the 17 th, excufing his Bre¬ vity at that time, by realon of his Sicknefs. Upon the 1 > th the Chancellor prolecuted his Dilcourle, and after him Lauderdale Ipoke abun¬ dantly, which he might well do, having from the Year 1647. till that Time, relided conftantly. at London , with a chief Hand in the management of the Be finds. * The C 2 11 ) The Committee of the Church was the firff that miniftred Occafion to the People to doubt, that ere long the King might have caule to repent the Way he had taken * for his Majefty’s Concef lions being read and confidered, the prime Mini- Iters began presently to exprefs their Diflacif- fa&ion therewith. Whereupon the laid Committee Pent Mr. Ro¬ bert Douglas , Mr. David Dic-k Mr. Robert Blair^ and lome others, to the Committee of Eftates, with a defire, That there might Kill be a Cortef- pondence betwixt the Committee of the Church and Committee of Eftates as formerly, whereby Religion might fuftaiii no prejudice. The MefTage was well received by the Com¬ mittee of Eftates^ and fo much the better be- caufe the Marquis of Argile backed it, who was now beginning to whifper againft the Tran faff ions in the Ifle of Wight. So the Committee of Eftates appointed a Com¬ mittee (wherewith the Committee of 4he Church might correfpond) to confider of the Danger of' Religion and of the Monarchy. The Members of this Committee were to be three of every Eftate joined to the Commilhoners; who fome Years paft had been commifhonated to refide at London : So of the Nobility were ch'ofeii Duke Hamilton , the Earls of Lanri'ck and Callen¬ der , for the Chancellor and Argile were of the Number of the afore fa id Comm i (boners, and there¬ fore needed not to be named) and thd reafon why Lanrick was named , was becaufe tho’ of late he happened to be with the reft'of them at thelfle"of Wight , yet was he notin the Lift with thole who fome Years ago had been chofen to-refide con ft an t- ly at London : And thole of the Gentry- were P i Dur/’ ( 212 ) Dury , L. Sir William was dilpatched, and with him went the Earl of Lauderdale , to’ invite ( 234 ) invite the Prince to come to Scotland , who then with his Navy lay at the Downs . So foon as it came to be noifed that Lauder - dale was embarked, the Royalifts called him a ventrous Man , who would hazard to go to the Prince, having been fo a&ive againft the King: For they prefumed, that the Prince could not be ignorant, how for the fpace of four Years he had refided conftantly at London , fomen¬ ting the Combination betwixt the two Parlia¬ ments, and never returned until he had left the King a dole Prifoner in Carrisbrook-Cafile , and until the Vote of No Addreffes had pall againft him. And they pleafed themfelves with Con¬ jectures, what the Prince’s Deportment would be to him. But ere long, contrary to their Expectations, News came, That the Prince made him wel¬ come, and ufed him with Familiarity and Re- fpeCt enough ^ which put them to a ftand. And by that time Intelligence was brought from the Army, how at Appleby they had skirmifhed with Lambert , and therein had the Advantage : And that thereupon Lambert retired Southward, and that the Scotch Army followed to Lancafhire , where the Town of P reft on was the Head-Quar¬ ters •, But that withall quartered fo wide, that betwixt the Van and Rear of the Army, was 38 Miles. And that moreover, they Buffered not George Monroe and his Forces to come up, but kept them always behind, to bring forward the Scotch Cannon, which in Number were 7. The Chancellor, the Marquis of Argile , the Earls of Caffe Is and Eg lint on , were all the while bufie ( 235 ) bufie at Home, preparing the People to be in a Pofture, againft the Ruine or Surrendring of the Scotch Army, whereof they profelfed openly not to doubt. And the Certainty of their ftickling in the Wefl^ coming to be known by the Committee of Eftates at Edinburgh , they concluded a prefent Levy of three Regiments of Horle for fuppref- ling them, and nominated all the Officers there¬ of, and the Earl of Lanrick to command them in Chief Such was the Loyalty of the Gentry, whom they made Rout-Mafters, and the forwardnefs of the inferior Sort to do Service, that thole three Regiments were very foon in areadinefs. But in the mean time, Cromvoel having quieted Wales , came up to Lambert, and upon Thurfdav, Augufi 17. both fell in upon Sir Marmaduke Langdale and his People , who fought it well, but in the end were beaten, in regard they were over-powered; and alfo their Ammunition failed ^ and having fent to the Duke and Earl of Calendar , for a Supply of Forces and Ammunition , the lame was refufed them, upon a Pretext that it was but a Skirmifh, and that Langdale 1 s Ambi¬ tion was fuch, that he meant to have the whole Glory of the Bufinefs. The next Morning Cromvoel and Lambert af- faulted the Scots, and made them know it was more than a Skirmifh ^ the Scotch Army never came together, ( being lb wide quartered) and many of the Commanders alfo were fick of' their laft Night’s Surfeit, which with other Neglefts, helped Cromvoel to an eafie Victory. Major- General Bayly at the firft furrendred himfelf and 10000 Foot, Prifoners; the reft of them ftrag- gled ( 2 3 6 ) gled Northwards towards Monroe : And for the Horle, the Duke and Calendar with the reft of the General Officers, ( except Middleton , who made the beft Defence of any, and was taken upon the Place) and 5coo Horfe fled together in a Body ; while the reft marched away infmall Par¬ ties \ -and lo many of them as got off, joined themlelves to George Monroe , who always ha¬ ving kept behind, elcaped this Scouring. Shortly alter the Duke, with the other Gene¬ ral Officers in his Company, and all their Body of Horle, were taken Priloners •, only the Earl of Calendar , difguifing himfelf^ efcaped, and went over to Holland. So that Army, which was one of the greateft and beft furnifhed that ever Scotland lent forth, having been a Year in preparing, was ruined in an inftant ^ which created the lels Aftonifhment at Home, in regard that Obferving Men, (who had given themfelves time to think and remark the Management of Bulinefs, lince the firft Mo¬ tion of a Levy) ex peeled no better would come of it. However, the firft Confequence of it, within Scotland was, that upon the Knowledge thereof, the Weft-Landers began to be troublelome: For a Number of the Earl of Eg/in tons People drew to¬ gether, under the Command of Robert Montgo¬ mery his Son, and fell upon a Troop of Lanric/d s, (quartered in thofe Bounds) and killed fome and routed the reft. The Report whereof coming to the Committee of Eftates at Edinburgh , it was relolved pre¬ fen tly to call forth all the Eenable Men in the Kingdom, /. e. luch as could bear Arms, for fup- preffing the Weftern Infurredion. And ( J 37 ) 'And for a General to command them, (it being much debated in the Committe) Crawford Lind- fey Prelident thereof, propofed L an rick •, and all the Hamiltonian Faction (except the Earl of Rox- brough) were for him ; but others oppofed it to their utmoft , and inclined to the Earl-Marfhai. But the Queltion being put to the Vote, the Earl of Lanrick (by the Plurality) carried the Em¬ ployment, being fo loth to have miffed it, that he voted for himfelf, which is not very ordi¬ nary. And he being made General, all Men expected he fhould have marched to the Iff/?, to fupprels that Inlurre&ion, which might eafily have been done, in regard none were as yet in Arms, but thofe Men of Eg 1 1 nr on s commanded by Col. Ro¬ bert *, and that Lanrick had in readinefs thole three Regiments of Horfe, which had been levied before the Defeat $ befides many others that hourly joined him. But inftead thereof he turned to Eafl-Loihian, and from thence to the South Borders, profeiling it was to meet with George Monroe and his Forces , who were upon their Retreat home¬ wards. By Lanrick' s thus retiring to the South, all the Weftlanders had a fair and peaceable Opportunity to rife: So that the whole Shires of Kyle, Cun¬ ningham,Renfrew, Clydefdale, Evendale and Lefk- mahagoe, joined together (to the Number of6000 Men) and marched forward towards Edinburgh , having at their Head, Loudon the Chancellor, and Eglinton, with Mr. David Dick and the reft of the Minifters in thole Parts. The Earl of Cajfels, who brought forth the People of Car rick and Gal-' low ay. ( ) low ay, was not yet in readinefs •, neither was the Marquis of Argile with his Men. Amongftall that headed this Infurre&ion, there was none fo generally abhorred as Loudon the Chancellor, not only in regard of his Ingratitude to the King, (who, in the Year 1641. raifedhim from the Rank of a Lord, to the Title of an Earl, and preferred him to be High-Chancellor ^ and farther, gave him the yearly Penfion of 1000 /. Sterling, and alio the belt Part of the whole An¬ nuities throughout the Kingdom) but much more bediule of his late Treachery to his Majefty, who having, at the Ifle of Wight, been a prime Inftru- ment in perfuading him, to refufe treating with the Parliament of England, and to caft himfelf upon the Scots } and that now when by lo doing his Majefty could hope for no Favour from the Englifh, he did then fall from the Affurance then given by him and the other Commiflioners to his Majefty, and inftead of affifting the Army, railed in reference thereto, did now (after the fame had got a Defeat by Strangers) head a lawlefs Multi¬ tude, to oppole and cut off the Remainder there¬ of However, the Weft-Landers advanced towards Edinburgh , from whence Sir James Lockhart of Lee , and Sir James Hepburn of Homeby , (two Dependers on the Hamiltons, and on that account great Committee-Men) went to meet them, and to draw on a Treaty betwixt Lanrick the new Gene¬ ral and Them. As alfo when they drew nigh to the City, lome of the Magiftrates and Minilters thereof, went out to welcom them, and conduced them to¬ wards the Town, where the Gates were caft open, and ( 2 39 ) and they received with Joy: Whereupon Crave- ford and Giencarn (who till then had ftay’d in hazard waiting for Lees and Hombie* s return) did remove, and go Southward to the Gene¬ ral. By this time the Marquis of Argile, having levied the few Men of his Countrey, which then were extant, (the moft thereof having been deftroy'd by Montrofs and Mac Donald) came forward, and on his Way wrote to the Gentry of Lenox and Sterlinjhire , to attend and rendezvous near Dumbarton , upon the 8th Day of Septem¬ ber. And vet when the Day was come, his Num¬ bers were fmali, amounting in the whole but to 600 Foot and 100 Horfe, whereof only 300 were his own •, the Remnant being Countrey- People of Lenox and the Weft-end of Sterlin- Jhire , who came in to him to efehew being plun¬ dered. After his Rendezvous, the Marquis marched Eaftward, and upon Sept. 11. quartered his Men at Cargo nriocb. Before this time, Monroe (with his Army, and many mote, who having elcaped at Prefton , had joined him) was returned to the Borders, and united with Lanrick , and acknowledged him for their General. Like wile Sir James Tilufley with 1000 Eng- lifh Horle, (who lince the Defeat had kept together in a Body) came thither, and defired, to be admitted to join with them. This Offer of a 1000 Horle, was no delpica- ble Help, if they had intended Affion 5 yet Lanrick refuled the fame, alledging, it would be ( 2 4 ° ) ? ' be a Reafon to draw Cromwel into Scotland . And fo thofeEnglifh Gentlemen were reje£led, and left to take fuch Quarters as Cromwel would pleafe to give them. And Lanrick and Monroe , with their Forces, came Northward to Haddington , and from thence towards Edinburgh. The Chancellor and Eg /in ton , with their Weftern People, faced them upon the Craigs by Weft the Town, and it was laid, that George Monroe delired to fight them, which (had it been lo refolved by Lanrick and his Committee) might (probably) have obtained an eafie Vi&ory •, not only becaule their Strength was confiderable, being above 4000 Horfe and as many Foot of ex¬ pert Soldiers, but alfo in regard the Weftlan- ders (though not much inferior in Number) were all poor ignorant Creatures, taken from their Husbandry, and brought forth only to make a Show, as alfo Multitudes of them every Day running Home to get in their Harveft. But Lanrick , with Crawford and Glencarn y refolved not to fight, and inftead thereof conclu¬ ded to go Weftward, and poflefs themfelves of the Town and Bridge of Sterling whereby they might fecure that Pafs for the Forces they ex¬ pelled from the North. So upon Monday, September 11. they marched forward to Lithgoe , and in the mean time the Earl of Caffe Is , with the Poople of Car rick and Galloway , (reckoned 800 Horfe) had for that Night taken up their Quarters in the Town, whereby they might (probably) have been fur- prized, had not fome Friend (and, as theconftant Report went, it was !rawford Lindjey) lent them word to withdraw 7 . Where- ( 24 * ) Whereupon (leaving their Supper at the Fire) they marched away to the Queens-Fer/y , and Lanrick and Monroes Army coming thither, fared the better for their being there before them. Next Day, September 12. the Marquis of Ar - gile and his People, (not knowing of their inten¬ tion to come thither) entred Steriw , about 11 a Clock, where the Marquis put his People to feveral Polls, placing feme at the Bridge and the reft at the Barr as-G ate and Bur row-Mill $ then went to the Tollbooth and held a Committee with his Officers, calling in the Magiftrates to take Care for providing Entertainment for his Mem And having dilpatched that Affair, went next to have dined with the Earl of Mar. But while the Meat was letting on the Table, his Lordfhip was allarmed with the approach of Monroe' s Army $ whereupon he prelently moun¬ ted his Horfe, and taking his Way by Sterhn - Bridge , fled with fuch Ipeed , as if his Enemies had been at his Heels, and never looked behind him, until (after 18 Miles riding) he reached the North Queen s-Ferry , and there pofleffed himlelf of a Boat again, (now the fourth time.) The poor Men whom he had left at Sterhn - Bridge , (being above an Hundred in Number) were all cut off; which fell out upon this Oc- calion. Monroe, when he was advanced on his march, within two Miles of Sterlin , hearing that the Marquis had pofleffed himfelf of that Place, ftay’d not to confult with Lanrick and his Com¬ mittee, (who happened to be behind with the Foot) butprefently made forward at a fwifter R rate C 2 4 2 ) rate than before, and getting Intelligence, (when he drew near the Town) that the Marquis was upon his Flight by the Bridge, rode quickly to¬ wards it, hoping to have catched him , but he was gone long before, and the poor Creatures who kept Poll there, were become lo confoun¬ ded with the fuddennels of his with-drawing, that when Monroe approached them, they had not fo much ufe of Judgment and Reafon, as once to cry for Quarter •, but inftead thereof (following their Lord’s Example, although not with the fame Succels) they all fled on the fudden, and attempted to have delivered them- ielves by fpeed of Foot, wherein their Hopes failed them $ for Monroes Troopers loon over¬ took them, and cut them all in Pieces: None of them eicaped falling by the Sword, except fuch as (to avoid it) threw themlelves into the River, and were drowned. The relt of the Marquis’s Men (who. kept their Polls at the Barras-Gate and Burrow-Mill) had better Fortune: For Lanrick , Glencarn and Craw for d-Lindfey , with the Foot-Army, entering the Town that Way, did (before Monroe s return from the Execution at the Bridge) give them all Quarter, whereby they (being about five hun¬ dred Men) became Prifoners, and were kept, the one half of tiiem in the Tollbooth, and the other in the Kirk. That very Night, the Weflern Army follow¬ ed Weffward, and at Night reached Fall-Kirk, and with them David Lefley , Col. Ker, Hoborn , and other Soldiers of Fortune, that now had join¬ ed them, befides Additional Helps they had from divers of the Gentry of Fife, and many more C 24? ) more from the Souths etpecially from the Eat of Bacclougb and his Friends of the Name of Scot. Lanrick , Crawford and GJencarn being fet¬ tled in Sterling did prefently convene their Committee, wherein they expreffed no fmali Grief for Argilcs Men, whom Monroe had cut off. But he, not knowing what they could mean thereby, was fo far from repenting, that in- ftead thereof he propofed a new Motion, which vexed them more ; and it was, That he might be allowed the next Morning to march to fall- kirk , and deftroy the Weftern Army, which he thought was very fsizable , as indeed it was: But that they abhorred ^ and left he fhould have made bold (without their Allowance) to attempt it, they prevented the fame by pre¬ fently ordering all the Horfe to crofs Sterlin- Bridge 0 and to quarter on the North-fide of forth^ from the Caftle of Down to Brunt-IJland $ where there was betwixt their Van and the Rear twenty eight Miles: Yet in this wide Quarter, fo were they divided by General Lanrick and his Committee’s Order, that a greater Burthen thereof by far was put upon the Lordfhip of Alloway , than any other Place ^ for there re¬ mained there for the fpace of feventeen Days Robin Lejle/s Regiment, together with another that belonged to Monroe's Command, and ut¬ terly deftroyed both the Corn and Cattle of that Lordfhip. The Loyalty of the Houfe of Mar procured to themfelves that Complement, even from thole who profeffed to be a£fing for the King, be- R 2 fides I 2 44 j fides the many fuch Stroaks they had formerly gotten from the other Party. And this by all Men was efteemed the more abfurd , in regard that in the mean time the Lord Ereskin was actually employed in their Service, levying his People in Mar an&Garrocb for their Service and Aid. But the next Day’s Work difcovered Lome People fo, that neither that nor any of their former Actings w r ere any more wondered at. For whereas it was expected by all, that fomething Ihould have been attempted again!! the Enemy, inlfead thereof their Bulinels was to nominate and dilpatch Comtnillioners to Wood - Jide , to treat for an Accommodation. This was interpreted to be the Fruit ofL^Fs and Hombie s Negotiation with the Weltern Ar¬ my, when at firlt they were on their march to¬ wards Edinburgh. And fo, although when hanrick and his Com¬ mittee refolved to retire to Sterl'm , they pre¬ tended it was to make good that Pals lor the Forces they expected from the North , yet now People conceived the true Reafon was, that they being in Sterlin , and the other Army at Fall- kirk , they might have a Commodious Oppor¬ tunity for Treating: And therefore (that being the Thing projected) none thought it (Range that they declined Fighting near Edinburgh •, nor that they were diffttisfied at what Monroe had done at Sterhn-Bridge ^ and that they would by no means be confenting, that he fhould go to Eal/kirk the next Day, and fall upon them there. Upon C 2 45 > • ' Upon Wednefday , September i.X, they conr miffionated to repair to Woodfide for treating, the Earls of Crawford hlndfey and Glencarrh with two Colonels, viz. Colonel Hamilton of lnnerwickj and Colonel Home : Monroe oppo- led it; but neverthelels it was carried by the Plurality of the Committee, and lo they went away at 11 a Clock. Yet none appeared that Day at Woodfide from the Weftern Army ; the realon whereof was faid to be, that the Marquis of Arg’e^ having that Morning come up to them, cold them of Monroe' s Carriage at St er tin-bridge , and they not knowing but that Lanrick and the relt of the Lords (with whom they were on Terms of Treating) might be acceilury to it, efteemed it fuch a Breach, that they could not treat with them, until they cleared them- lelves threeof: Whereupon the Treaters lent a MelTage to them from Woodfide , whereby they vindicated themlelves in reference to that Emer¬ gent, and defired that next Day they might End lome of their Number there, and lo for that Night returned to Sterlin. Next Day being the 14th they went again to Woodfide , and from the other Army there came to treat with them , the Earl of Cajfels , Sir Archibald Johnflon , Mr. Robert Barclay Bur- gels of Irwin , and fome Minifters, viz. Mr. Ro* bert Douglas , Mr. Rob. Blair , Mr. fames Guthry , and Mr. James Nefmith. They remained all together that Night, and next Day concluded the Treaty on thefe Terms, viz. The Hamiltonian Side (referring ail Matters Civil to a Parliament, which was to be called H 3 beforg ( 2 4 6 ) before Jan. i o. and Eccleliaftical to an Amena¬ bly) accepted this AlTurance,That the other Side fhould neither harm them, nor intice others to harm them, or any that adhered to them ^ and upon thefe Terms both the Armies, with all the Garifons in the Kingdom to be disbanded a- gainit the 29th of tnat Month, or at fartheft before Oitob. 5. And all Prifoners which had been taken at Home, to be enlarged. But no¬ thing at all mentioned about Prifoners taken in England^ yea, nor concerning the King, who was then a dole Prifoner in the Me of Wight. The Earls of Crawford , Lind fey , and Glen- earn , with thofe two Colonels, having at their return fhewn to Lanrick and his Committee, the Succels and Conclufion of their Treaty, Monroe was lb highly difpleafed therewith, that could he have gotten Alhftance, it was thought, he would (without thole Lords) have kept up the Army. But therein they had prevented him in fuch fort, that when he tempted the Officers of the Army to it, he could find no Adherents, Col. Laly el and Capt. James Calbrath being ex¬ cepted, who were willing to have takeffitheir Ha¬ zard with him , all the reft, as well thole whom he had brought from Ireland , as the others who were under Lanrick’ s Command, Pinched from him, and lo he was forced to fubmit. Thus the Treaty held good, and purfuant there¬ to, upon Sept. 20. the Marquis of Argib’s Men (who had been Prifoners in Sterlin) were dif charged. Mac Donocby Inner aw came thither and led them away. And ♦ C 2 47 ) And upon the 19th their Army at Sterlin disbanded, without offering any Wrong to the Town, but with fearful Exclamations aguinft the Hamiltonians. Monroe at his going out had News from Ire¬ land, that Glencarns Regiment in Carricfcrgus had betray'd that Garifon to Colonel Monk ^ whereupon at St. Ninians Kirk, he made a Speech to his Army, in relation to his Intel¬ ligence, and then permitted fuch as were wil¬ ling, to disband ^ and for the reft that chofe yet to adhere to him, offered to lead them over to Ireland, , and try what Fortune they could make there. But being come to Glafgoe , he learned more fully, that the Scots had loft all in Ireland , and that Old Monroe was fent Prifoner to London $ whereupon he disbanded the reft, and himfelf returned a private Man to Edinburgh , from whence Ihortly after he ftept over into Holland. The Weftern Army was alio disbanded (accor¬ ding to the Treaty) at the appointed Day, and went Home to reap their Corn. But the Marquis o*t Argile, the Chancellor, with the Earls of Caffe Is and Eglinton and o- thers returned to Edinburgh , and there fat down under the Notion of the Committee of Eflates $ which they might the better do, Duke Hamil¬ ton in the late Parliament having nominated them Members of that Committee ^ notwith¬ standing that even at that time they did by their Diflents and Proteftations oppofe the Pro¬ ceedings of the Parliament, R 4 Thi ( ^8 ) This new Committee left nothing undone to eftablilh the Power in their own Hands, and concluded the Meeting of a Parliament to be upon Jan. 4. By this time Cromwel and Lambert with their Army, were come Northward to fupprefs Sir Thomas Tilnfley and other Englifh, who were yet in Arms. And that being done, they advanced to the Scots Borders, and not having Berwick and Carl'ifle delivered to them, they kept their Head- Quarters at Merdington. Whereupon the Marquis of Argile , and with him the Lord E/cho and Sir Charles Ereskin , went thither to lalute them *, and the Comple¬ ment being pais’d, the Marquis caufed (in the Commitee s Name) Lodovick Lefley to deliver Berwick to them, and for the Regiment of Scots which he brought forth, he bellowed it upon Hoborn , to be lent to Sterhn , whereof he was made Governour. Then the Marquis conducted Cromwel and Lam¬ bert to Edinburgh , with their Army, where they kept their Head-Quarters at the Lady Home's Houfe in the Cannon-gate. Upon their arrival, the Committee of fi¬ xates adjourned until their removal again. As alio there was a Proclamation at the Crofs qf Edinburgh , commanding all that had been in the Engagement, to depart the Town. Whereupon Crawford Lindjey retired to Fife ^ and Glencarn being already at Home in the IVeft ^ Lanrick , after iome Days ftay at Kinnouf (which was for dilpatching James Moubray with Let¬ ters to the Prince) went towards him, and there C 2 49 ) Riere remained , until the Marquis of Argile had leiliire to come Home ^ after which (crol- fing the River oi'Clyde quietly) the Marquis from Rojneth met him at Cardrojs , and there they con¬ ferred together at large. This was not lo privately carried , but that the Rumour of it had Ipread throughout the Land, before themlelves returned to Edinburgh , which notwitbftanding was as foon as they could. While Cromwel remained in the Cannon- Gate , thole that haunted him molt, were, (be- jfides the Marquis of Argile) Loudon the Chan¬ cellor, the Earl of Lothian , the Lord Arthburth- net , Elcbo, and Burleigh h and of Minifters , Mr. David DicL Mr. Robert Blair and Mr. Janies Gutbry. What paffed among them came not to be known infallibly •, but it was talked very loud, That he did communicate to them his De* lign in reference to the King, and had their AR fent thereto. His removal was the more haftned, by rea- lon of an Account he received of a Treaty be¬ gun betwixt the King and Parliament in his Abfence. Whereupon having caufed the Committecr Men to fend an Order to Sir William Loving- (ion Governour of Carlifle to furrender the fame to his Delegates, (which was obeyed) he left Lambert with a Party behind him, to ftay for fome time, until the Argilian Faftion were well leated in their Power, and afterwards to follow up. ( 250 ) And immediately himfelf with his Army marched away, that he might be there in time to crufh the Treaty, before it came any length: Yet did not part until he had appointed dome of his Friends here to be fent after him, to be concurring upon the Account of' this Na¬ tion. , . , Mr. Robert Blair and Sir John Cheifley were prefently difpatched away, ( who went under die Notion of Church-Men) but for other Com- miffioners, they could not be fent untill the Committee of Eftates fhould meet to eleft them. n . 1. _ Shortly after Lambert tranllated his Quar¬ ters to Seaton , and from thence (with the.Al¬ lowance of the Marquis and the reft) retired homewards. .. t Upon November 14. came to Sterhn that Committee, which the General Aflembly had appointed, to depofe Minifters in the Presbyte¬ ries of Sterhn and Dumblain , for their Malig¬ nancy : Who thruft out Mr. Henry Guthry and Mr. John Allen , Minifters of the Town of Ster¬ hn ' with two in the Presbyteries of Dumblain , viz. Mr. Henry Shaw and Mr. Andrew Jeffery • and* for the reft of both Presbyteries they fpar’d them at that time, until they might have the General Affembly’s Allowance to that which was done. But returning afterwards they made a fearful Deprivation amongft them. By this time came Letters from Sit John Cheifley and Mr. Robert Blair , fhewing that the Treaty went on, wifhing therefore that our Commiffioners might be haftned up. Where- (250 Whereupon the Committee of Fibres af iembled upon T burfday, November 28. and elefted to go up and join with Cheifley and Blair ^ the Earl of Lothian and William Glcn- dinnen Burgels of Kirkubry. When the Royalilts heard throughout the Land, that thole were the Men, they began to pray, God fave the King. And fhortly after their arrival there, Crom- voel began to fhew himfelf for crufhing of the Treaty ^ drew up his Army towards Lon¬ don^ and lent in a Remonftrance to the Par¬ liament, (hewing his Diffallowance of the Treaty, and craving Juftice (as he called it) to be done upon the King ^ and that the Prince and Duke of Tork fhould be fum- moned to appear before the Parliament at a certain Day, to hear themfelves declared incapable of any Place or Government in England. Notwithftanding this, the Parliament did upon the 5 th Day of December , conclude upon Two Votes, viz. 1 That the Parliament had no Hand in taking the King from Hampton-Court, to make him Prifoner in the Me of Wight. 2. That the King’s Concefiions in that Trea¬ ty were good Grounds for a lafe and lading Peace. There were in the Houle but Forty Six Diflenting Voices, who neverthelefs carried Matters as follows. Crom- ( 252 ) Cromwel being advert!fed by the Di{Tenters, brought prefently his Army to Weftminftet\ aflaulting the Parliament, and imprifoning fiich of the Members as he coaid apprehend, the reft efcaped by Flight, 16 that none re¬ mained to make up the Parliament, but thole Forty Six DifTenters. After this Cromwel lent Colonel Evers to bring over the King from the Iile of Wight to Hurft-Caflle , from whence he was brought by Wincbejler to Windjor , (where Duke Ha-> milt on lay in Prifon at that time ) and from Windfor to St. James' s, in order to his Tryah 1649. '“pH E Parliament of Scotland fat down at .1 Edinburgh upon January 4. and Com- miffioners from Shires and Burghs met nu- meroufly: For albeit the moft part through¬ out the Land were cordially for the King, yet there wanted not in every Place Syco¬ phants enough , who were ready to catch •Employments. But of all. the Scotch Nobility, there were only Fourteen prefent at that Parliament, viz. the Chancellor, the Marquis of’ Argil F, the Earls of’ Southerland , Caff els , Eglinton , Bacclough , Dalhaufie and Leven $ and of Lords, Ar~ burthnet , Eaimerinoch , Coupet\ Burleigh , Tor- pi chen , and Career ofs. Thereby the Weaknefs of the Argilian Fa¬ ction came to be perfectly underftood, which made the greater Outcry againft them, who having 053 ) having then a Puiffant Army at command, did fubmit to them at Sterhn. The Parliament kept a Fall upon the loth of January , at which time Mr. Robert Dou¬ g/as and Mr. James Gutbry preached to them, and had Thanks given them. The Purport tended to the purging of Ju¬ dicatories, and therefore the next Day it was appointed, that a Committee of Parliament- Men lhould meet with a Committee of the Church, to confider thereof Whereof the Refult was. That Malignants were ranked in Four Chiles, i.Ofthofe Secluded from Publick Places, during Life. The 2d for ten Years. The 3d for five Years. And the 4th until the next Sef fions of Parliament. Whereupon followed the caihireing of fb many Lords of the Selhon as were tainted with the Crime of Loyalty ^ and in their rooms weer fubftituted fuch Men as were furiou3 Aflerters of their Way, viz. Sefnock , Brodie , Sir James hope , Mr. Alexander Rearfon , Mr. George Wenrome , Mr. Robert Bruce , Mr. Ro¬ bert Mac Gill , and Sir William Scot formerly a Clerk in the Houfe. In the mean time did thoie fweet Commif- fioners at London write down to the Parlia¬ ment, how the King being Prifoner at St. James , they were fo far advanced againft him, that a Committee was already appointed, (whereof Twenty to make a Quorum) to pro¬ ceed in his Tryal. Their Commiffion was dated January 2. and was to endure until February 2. by which time it C 2 54 ) it was expelled he would be difpatched 5 and therefore they defired farther InftruHions how they fhould behave themfelves in the Bufi- nefs. The Parliament drew up divers Inftru- ctions, and Pent them, among which there were Two mold Material and home to the Point* One was, That they fhould not debate the Queftion, Whether they might take the King’s .Life from him or not, but only labour for a Delay. And the other was. That they fhould in no Cafe fpeak or do any thing that might be the Occafion of a National Quarrel. And the next News was concerning his Maje- fty’s Arraignment; how being feveral times brought from St. James s, to appear before that Committee in the Painted-Chamber at Weftmi after , he did ftill except againft the Authority of the Court. Yet upon the 27 th Day of January was he lentenced by them. To be upon Fuefday , January the 30th, beheaded before the Gate of Whitehall ■, which w ; as accordingly perfor¬ med. And he being dead, his Faithful Coufin James Duke of Lenox had the Permiflion to convey his Royal Body to Windfor Chapel, where it was interred. So ended the belt of Princes, being cut off in the midft of his Age, by the Barbarous Hands of' Unnatural Subjects. Many ( 2 55 ) Many fad Epitaphs were made of him : But that of the moft Gallant Montrofs ^ was efteemed lb like the Author, that I (hall let it down. Great , Good, and Juft, could I but rate My Grief to tby too rigid bate, Yde weep the World in J'uch a Strain, Ax it Jhould deluge once again : But fincc thy Cafe much rather cries For Briareus Hands, than Argus Eyes, Yll tune thy Elegies to Trumpet founds. And write thy Epitaph in Blood and Wounds . f i n i s. ■\ » t