PRINCETON, N. J ■ Shelf.. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Princeton Theological Seminary Library http://www.archive.org/details/hardystonmemorOOhain PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, HAMBURG, N. J. 1869-1881. HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. A HISTORY OF THE TOWNSHIP -AND THE- NORTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, HARDYSTON, SUSSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY. BY ALANSON A. HAINES, PASTOR. Newton, N. J. NEW JERSEY HERALD PRINT. 1888. COPYRIGHTED. CONTENTS. CHAPTER. PAGE. J. Indian Inhabitants and Pioneer Settlers 7 II. Some Early Settlers and their Families - 25 III. Early Families Continued - - 48 IV. Revolutionary Times - - 69 V. Iron Manufacture - - - 81 VI. Hamburg and Some of its People - 95 VII. The Second War With England ; Hamburg and Paterson Turnpike Road ; Customs and Local History - 108 VIII. Mexican and Civil AVars - 122 IX. Early Churches - - - 130 X. North Hardyston and Hamburg Presbyterian Churches - - - 146 XL Ministry of Dr. Fairchild and Mr. Campbell 152 XII. North Church Continued, and History of other Churches in Hardyston - - - 160 XIII. Register of North Presbyterian Church - 174 PREFACE. The purpose in preparing this volume has been to place in durable form such incidents of history belonging to the Town and the North Church of llardyston as might be of interest to those now living, as well as of value for future reference. The work is necessarily imperfect, for only what is remembered can be re- corded, and many tilings deserving of notice have passed from memory. It is a matter of regret that the effort was not sooner made. ( )ur aged people have been rapidly passing away and much that might have been gathered even twenty years ago is lost. With gleanings from all available sources it is believed that the main facts of local history have been secured and are truth- fully presented. Grateful acknowledgment is made to kind friends for the generous aid they have given in the compilation of the work. CHAPTER I. INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. When the first settlers came to these regions they found them already in possession of a race of men known to us as the American Indians, whose origin has given rise to much discussion among civilized people. Some have thought them indigenous to the land, and others that they emigrated from the old world over both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, or came down by way of Green- land, or by Behring straits to Alaska. They have peculiarities which mark them as a distinct race. Their features and habits were such that they cannot be allied with any other type of men, but remain separate by themselves. Had adventerous crews or stranded ships brought their progenitors here, hundreds and even thousands of years ago, resemblances could have been traced to the inhabitants of the old world, whether they came from eastern Asia, western Europe, or Africa. That they had been very numerous, we judge from thei 1 * sepulchers which are often invaded by the spade of the excavator. Where the plow turns the soil, we find every year, the stone implements and flint arrow-heads of a prehistoric age. These are the principal Indian relics that remain to us. They are so abundant and are found in so many localities as to prove the number and general diffusion of the old inhabitants. These stone implements are of great variety and some of exquisite finish. They are made of honestone, jasper, chalcedony and flint. They are adapted to warlike, hunting and fishing purposes, as well as to the requirements of common life. There are arrow and lance heads, axes, some of which are grooved for handles, knives, hammer stones, pestals and mortars. The chisels and gouges were used in peeling bark from trees, and shaping the wood for purposes in which it was employed. Their pipes were of various forms, O 1IARDYSTON MEMORIAL. beautifully polished, the bore being true, and they were fitted to a wooden stem which was ornamented. The mound builders were evidently a more cultivated people who subsisted largely upon the products of the soil. The modern Indians, when first discovered, were to some extent agricultural. They protected their villages by stockades and ditches, and were expert in many industrial pursuits. Their mats and baskets, their fishing nets and feather cloaks, have long disappeared. They had ornaments and beads, and belts decorated with wampum, made with great skill and perseverance. It has been customary to speak of the Indian as the untutored savage. The habits of the Indians were different from our own, but suited to the forest life they led. From the narrations of those who lived with them, as the boys captured and adopted into their tribes and afterwards released, we may believe that their lodges were abodes of happiness and, according to their primitive tastes, even of comfort. To suppose that they were so inferior to white men as to have no refinement of sentiment and attraction in character and bearing, would be a great mistake. They were without a written language, but by certain marks and pictured signs could convey news of victories and losses, and the numbers of their own forces and of their enemies on a campaign. They had their legends in poetic form, which they committed to memory and handed down from generation to generation, and sang around their fires. But they had no Homer to gather these legends and clothe them in immortal verse, and tell of some Indian Achilles or Hector of undying fame. The language of the Delawares was said, by those who under- stood and could appreciate it, to have been poetic and beautiful. Their young braves were handsome. Their old chiefs were venerable in appearance. The young were tall, erect, and moved with grace- fulness. They were agile and skillful in capturtng the game with which the woods abounded and upon which they largely fed. The fish were abundant in the streams and lakes, and were taken with bone hooks, or speared at night, when they were attracted to the water's surface by the waving of flaming torches. The whites learned lessons in hunting and fishing from the Indians, and made INDIAN INHABITANTS AMD FIRST SETTLERS. 9 good use of the wood craft they derived from them. Our baskets of oak splints are some of them still made upon their old patterns. The Indians raised corn, pumpkins, squashes, beans, and other vegetables, around their lodges. These were cultivated by their squaws and the smaller boys, while the men prided themselves on their prowess as hunters and trappers. They planted orchards of apple, plum and cherry trees. In my boyhood there were Indian orchards still bearing fruit in old age, and some of their descendants may still be found, where a native specimen stands by itself without mixture with those of European origin. Fifty years ago there were in this neighborhood several flats called " plum bottoms,'' that produced the red Indian fruit in great profusion. The Indians had several varieties of cherries. The berries were mostly growing wild, although the red raspberries seems to have been planted and cultivated by them. The government of the Indians may be described as simple and patriarchal, and the chiefs exercised their authority for the good of all the tribe. The sentiment of exact justice prevailed, and harmony and good feeling were preserved. The Lenni-Lenapi, called Delawares, from living in the regions adjoining the Delaware River, are the Indians with whom our immediate territory had the most to do. In many respects they are the most interesting of the Indian tribes known to us, from their historical legends and their intercourse with the early settlers. If the historian Palfrey gives a correct view of the Indians of New England, our Delawares were vastly their superiors. Their language has been pronounced the most ex- pressive of all the Indian tongues. They claimed to have been the earliest comers of all the Algonquin tribes, and were called the grandfathers of the nations. They were naturally of a peaceful disposition, and often the arbitrators between the tribes at war. One remarkable tradition of the Lenni-Lenapi survives, and we may regard it as their traditional account of the subjugation and expulsion of the race known to us as the " Mound Builders,"" whose gigantic works extend along the entire length of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and are found at points in the Middle States. 10 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. " Hundreds of years ago," they said, " they resided in a far away country toward the West. As they journeyed toward the sun, they found the country east of the Mississippi possessed by a people, the Allegewi, who had many large towns. A great war ensued, in which the Allegewi were defeated and fled down the Mississippi, and the Lenni-Lenapi occupied their country in common with the Iroquois, or Six Nations, who had followed them from the far West." They had three divisions or great clans, known by their em- blems of the wolf, the turtle, and the turkey, which are still distin- guished and held by the little surviving remnant now in the far off Indian Territory. Previous to the coming of white men the Delawarcs had greatly decreased in numbers, and many a village fire had gone out never to be re-lighted. Great wars had thinned the ranks of their braves and spread desolation through their forest homes. Diseases, some of which had been introduced by Europeans, spread among them and swept away many thousands. These epidemics were beyond the power of their simple remedies to check. The weakness of the Indians, and the naturally peace- ful and inoffensive disposition of the Delawares, were favorable to the settlement of Northern New Jersey. They manifested a friendly disposition toward the new comers. With their own numbers small and the land so wide, they were less jealous of intrusion than if they had been more numerous and re- quired the whole country for their own occupation. They made liberal grants of land in exchange for very trifling sums. The early settlers purchased of them sites for their homes, and built their cabins without much fear ; they pursued game on the Indian hunting grounds, and fished in their waters, visited them in their villages, and received their visits in return. The Missionary, David Brainerd, from 1742 to the close of his labors, passed among them in his long tours unmolested. The Dutch settlers were living in amity with them at their first settle- ment upon the upper Delaware as far back as 1680, when they journeyed inland from the Hudson River. We have some accounts of the massacre of whites and torture of captives, but they were INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 11 liot usual, and the atrocities of King Phillip's war in New Eng- land, found no counterpart in the conflicts of very early times along our border. Our ancestors suffered most from Indian depredations during the old French war, when the Indians were invited to massacre and plunder by the emissaries of a civilized nation. So, too, during the Revolutionary war, the British officers employed Indians in their murderous work, and disguised Tories led them in marauding expeditions. That the improper conduct of the whites sometimes provoked to retaliation and bloodshed, does not fix any special ferocity upon those whose soil was invaded, and who, as the whites multiplied, might well be alarmed lest their homes should soon be entirely lost to them. We read that, in 1774, an unprovoked invasion of the Indian country was made by a party of land hunters. Without cause the Delaware Chief, Bald Eagle, was killed, scalped, and his body set adrift in his own canoe on the river. The celebrated chief Logan, whose family had been ruthlessly murdered, led on parties of the Delawares and Shawnees to terrible reprisals. The Indians were said to have been revengeful, but how were the whites ? Tom Quick, called the Indian slayer, and avenger of the Delaware, was said to have slain ninety-nine of them in revenge for his father's death, and to have only regretted that he could not make the number an even hundred. The great superiority of the white man was in the possession of the axe and the rifle. The woodman's axe found no competitor among their stone hatchets. A white man could clear his ground, cut and hew his logs and build his cabin — a more enduring structure — in shorter time than they could cut their poles and roof their wigwams. Firearms were deadly instruments against the Indians. In the chase they gave the white man the superiority in killing game, which grew scarcer with the greater slaughter of animals. In battle the Indians had little hope of success if victory must be won against firearms with only bow and spear. They learned, however, to make their attacks and draw the white man's fire, and then rush upon him before he could reload, and overcome him by force of numbers. The whites in emergency learned to hold their fire, and often by 12 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. merely pointing at the Indians kept them at bay. We read of the Indian atrocities which are on record, but we have not the full statement of the more frequent acts of injustice and cruelty, perpetrated by the whites upon the Indians. They were doomed to pass away when the first settlers were permanently established, and the process began when our fathers landed and followed their trails along the streams and over the hills. We tread upon their graves and plow among their bones, but have lost the story of their lives. The Indian population among our Sussex hills was sparse at the beginning of the eighteenth century, and became more so as many withdrew into the Susquehanna country, or passed on into Ohio, abandoning many of their settlements. Yet there were scattered communities and a few families that long remained, and traces of their blood may be seen in the complexion and features of some of the mixed race yet living among us. The Indians often tamely submitted to oppression with a forbearance white men never exercised, although they would nourish revenge and sometimes rise in resistance and strike back deadly blow^. Edsall says in his Sussex County Centennial Address : " No difficulties with the red men are of record before 1755, or have been handed down by tradition. The settlers purchased their lands and dealt equitably with the Indians and were accorded privileges of hunting and fishing." Although in general on good terms with the aborigines, the settlers felt the necessity of guarding against treachery, and took precautions against hostile surprises. They placed their houses in proximity, and cut loop- holes for musketry in the log walls. Sometimes they stockaded about their homes. Women and boys, as well as men, were practiced in the use of the rifle, and often exercised their skill effectively against wild beasts, as well as in preparation for the Indians. In very early times Sussex county was a favorite hunting- ground for the Indians, and was mostly covered with a dense forest. As by war and pestilence the tribes diminished in numbers, the game multiplied for the survivors, who found here all that delights the heart of the red hunter. Among INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. L3 the birds were geese, clucks, wild turkeys, pigeons, partridges and quail. The deer were so plentiful as to furnish a common supply of Indian food. Fish abounded in the lakes and streams, and were taken with bene hooks or in nets. Oposum, otters and beavers were often killed. The beavers were particularly hunted for their furs, and after white men came, the beaver skin became a great article of commerce. The first white settlers were greatly troubled by beasts of prey. Panthers, bears, wildcats and wolves, dwelt in the woods, and often prowled around the settlers' homes, killing sheep and calves, and even threatening men. Hunters were compelled to keep their fires burning all night when they bivouaced on the mountains. Wolf scalps or heads were nailed on the outside of many a cabin, a pleasing exhibition of the hunter's success in the chase after these ravagers. The destruction caused by a single wolf, or a pair of wolves, for they generally went in pairs, in one night among a flock of sheep would be fearful. The old wolves became exceedingly cunning to escape pursuit or to avoid the traps set for them, and the she wolves when they had young were the fiercest and most ravenous. The American gray wolf was nearly four feet long, with a bushy tail of eighteen or twenty inches. Some overgrown speci- mens might have been even larger. Although about the same height and length as the European wolf, the American was more muscular and had more powerful jaws. The general color was a grey, with some much lighter than others. Sometimes a great hunt would be organized for the destruc- tion of a single wolf, which had broken into some sheep fold. The hunters surrounded a large district, or a mountain side, within which they supposed the wolf was lurking and then came in closer and closer until he was found. "Wolves are afraid of fire, and of the human eye, and seldom attack men. Large bounties were paid for killing wolves. In 1730 the New Jersey Legislature passed " An act to encourage the killing of wolves and panthers." A reward of twenty shillings was paid for every wolf's head to the slayer ; five shillings for every whelp of a wolf that cannot prey ; and for every panther fifteen shillings. In 1751 an amendment to this act was passed. The preamble 14 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. says, " Whereas it is found by experience that said act is not a sufficient encouragement for the killing of wolves," and the amendment provided, that " the further sum of forty shillings shall be paid for every wolf killed, and five shillings for every whelp of a wolf, over and above the allowance in the first act." December, 1807, the flock of Thomas Lawrence, of Ham- burg, was invaded by wolves and a number of sheep killed. As late as 1820 twenty dollars were paid for a wolf's scalp ; and boys who could handle a gun received two dollars for each of the wild cat's heads they brought to the Justice of the Peace. The " Squire '' cut off the ears and gave the slayer a certificate entitling him to draw his money. Wolves were on Snufftown mountain in the recollection of men now living who can recall their howling at night. Black bears were formerly quite numerous. They seldom attacked a man, but when standing on the defensive, would tear the dogs with their claws when they ventured near enough to be caught, or squeeze them to death with their paws. They would sometimes come into the corn fields and devour the green corn. With their sharp claws they could very quickly climb the largest trees. Bears meat was highly esteemed by the settlers. In 1818 Peter Shafer killed a bear and three cubs in a clump of trees, not far from the big rock, in the Wallkill, below the Haines House. Near 1823 two bears were killed in the vicinity of Monroe Corner and the meat was divided among the families. Still later a bear was discovered on the James Scott place in the early morning by a man who was very much frightened at seeing him emerge from a hollow. The man ran back and gave the alarm. Scott's boys and others joined in the pursuit but were un- successful. The latest bear killed in these parts was found in Wawayanda mountain about 1860, and his skin was made into a lap robe. Deer were so plentiful in olden time that they formed a common food for the Indians. Fifty years ago they were killed upon the mountain about Oak Ridge. A herd of deer was also hunted on the Blue mountain on the line of the Hamburg and Milford turnpike road within a much more recent period. Very INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 15 frequently they would come down from Pike county, and swim the Delaware, or cross upon the ice to reach our Sussex mountains. In 1836 vension was eaten from a deer, shot within a few miles of Hamburg. The Indians had much skill in smoking and dressing for preservation the skins of the animals they slew, and especially in preparing the buck-skin of which to a large extent their clothing was made. The furs of different animals were spread in their wigwams, or covered the dried grass of which their beds were made. The most venomous serpents were the rattlesnakes. These abounded in some localities and were objects of dread. Yet it is wonderful, that in proportion to their numbers and power for mischief, these reptiles destroyed so few of the lives of the early settlers. The men sometimes stripped bark from young white ash trees and tied it about their legs when they went upon surveying parties, or were working in places where they were much exposed. The rattlesnakes, it is said, would avoid the white ash, and if they did strike, their fangs could not penetrate beyond the bark. Immigrant families as they went through the woods in search of their new homes sometimes drove before them their swine, who were very ravenous in devouring the snakes, and because of the fat under their skin, suffered very little when they were bitten. The Indian dwellings were huts, called wigwams. The frame was made by driving poles into the ground and bending them over until they came together at the top. They were bound in their places by cords of hemp or thongs of leather. Stakes were driven to form the sides, and the roof was of bark. The early settlers had very primitive structures, but these were great improvements upon those of the Indians. They felled trees and scored them for the walls of their cabins, using: often the bark of chestnut trees for roofing. Afterwards shingles were split out of red oak trees, or pines when they could be found ; but for want of nails, slabs were frequently substituted. The doors were hung without iron hinges, and the window, if any, was unglazed. One room constituted the house. 1(> IIAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. After a little time the capacit} 7 of their dwellings was doubled, by putting a second house close by, and near enough to have' one roof cover both, leaving a passage-way between. Sometimes this was wide enough for the storing of the farm implements or even the running in of a wagon. The doors [being opposite, the access was easy from one room to another. These were called double houses and saddle-bag houses. My grandmother described them as common in her youth. In such a house lived Peter Coulter, and the Itutans, and the Perry family towards Vernon sixty or seventy years ago. John McCoy lived in such a house on the bank of the Papakating creek. There were no saw mills, here at the erection of the earliest frame houses, and all the sawed lumber had to be hauled from a distance of many miles. The last log house in the village of Hamburg was the Sam Sidman house, with two rooms and two chimneys, standing near the site of Colonel Kemble's barn. The Indians cracked their corn in mortars with a pestle. The mortal's were sometimes made of stone but more frequently of some hard wood which would not split. For this they chose the gum tree or sweet balsam. Acquackanunck was so called by them, meaning (lie place of gum blocks. The pestle or pounder was of stone, which varied in length and weight. The whites were often obliged to do as the Indians before they had mills. Some old families have the stone pounders which were in use a hundred years ago by their ancestors, and which they received from the Indians. Previous to 1700 families of Hugenots, driven from France upon the revocation of the edict of Xantz, and exiled from Holland, had settled on the Hudson at the mouth of the Wallkill at Esopus, or Kingston. By penetrating into the country they reached the mouth of the Navarsink where another colony was formed. The name they gave the river testifies to the nationality of the settlers who conferred it, and who where once inhabitants of Navarre in France. So too, the name of our principal stream, the Wallkill river, which was named by the Holland settlers after the river Waal in the Low Lands. So Wallabout bay, Brooklyn Navy Yard, was named from the Waaloons, farmers from Holland. The INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLEKS. 17 Xavasink Colony sent some of its families over the Kittatinny mountain to find their homes in our part of the Wallkill Valley. Then from Kingston, by a more direct route following up the Wallkill, families of Huguenots and Hollanders strayed into this vicinity where they established themselves. The French and Dutch names still linger here, aud are borne by some of our families. Of these some retain the original spelling and pronunciation, and others may be recognized in some- what corrupted form. Thus we find names of French origin testifying to their Huguenot descent ; among whom we may place La Fountain, Ballou, Chardavoyne, Bevier, L'Hommedieu, Roy, &c. In a letter written from Quebec by M. de Denonville to the French Minister, dated 16th Nov., 1686, the writer says: "The same man from Manat told me that within a short time fifty or sixty men, Huguenots, arrived there from the Island of St. Christopher and Martinique, who are establishing themselves at Manat and its environs. I know that some have arrived at Boston from France. There again, are people to operate as Banditti," [Documentary History X. Y. 1: 225.] Some of these were an- cestors of our people. In 1700 there were few if any white settlers in the territory of Sussex county except in the Minisink region bordering upon the Delaware River. They are said to have gone there in search of minerals. A road had been constructed from Pahaquarry to Esopus, a distance of one hundred miles. It was the earliest work of any considerable length constructed by Europeans in North America. It is still a thoroughfare and remains an enduring monument cf the enterprise of the hardy Hollanders. [See Edsall's Centennial Address.] The Minisink region forms parts of New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. It includes the townships of Montague, Walpack and Sandyston in our county. When Wantage extended to the Delaware river it embraced a portion of the Minisink country. It was called by the Indians the country of the " Minsies," or separate people, because long before they separated from the Indians at Columbia and Belvidere, and passed by way of the 18 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. Indian Ladder through the Water Gap to the other side of the Pohoqualin Mountain, which is a part of our Kittatinny or Blue Mountain. In 1682 and succeeding years, while New Jersey was under a Quaker Governor, many persecuted Presbyterians came from Scotland to New Jersey and found their way in time to the northern part of the province. About 1730, families of English origin began to arrive in our vicinity. Some of these came from Massachusetts Bay Colony, some from Connecticut, and others from Long Island by way of Amboy and Elizabethtown. The proprietors of New Jersey encouraged immigration, with a desire to enhance the value of their lands, and held out inducements to settlers by making grants of land on easy terms. In David Brainard's diary, S May, 1744, he writes, "Travelled about forty-five miles to a place called Fishkill, and lodged there. Spent much of my time, while riding, in prayer that God would go with me to the Delaware. My heart was sometimes ready to sink with the thoughts of my work, and going alone in the wilderness, I knew not where." He crossed the Hudson, and went to Goshen in the Highlands ; and so travelled across the woods, from the Hudson to the Delaware, about a hundred miles, through a desolate and hideous country above New Jersey where were very few settlements ; in which journey he suffered much fatigue and hardship. He visited some Indians in the way, at a place called Minisink, and discoursed with them concerning Christianity. "Was m elan ch oily and disconsolate, being alone in a strange wilderness. On Saturday, May 12, came to a settlement of Irish and Dutch people, and proceeding about twelve miles further arrived at Sakhauwotung, an Indian settlement [near Easton] within the Forks of the Delaware," "28 May. Set out from the Indians above the Forks of the Delaware, on a journey towards Newark, in New Jersey, according to my orders. Rode through the wilderness ; was much fatigued with the heat ; lodged at a place called Black River [now Chester, Morris Co.]; was exceed- ingly tired and worn out." "17 Feb. 1745. Preached to the white people in the wilderness [somewhere in Warren Co.], upon the sunny side of a hill ; had a considerable assembly, consisting INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. ID of people who lived, at least many of them, not less than thirty miles asunder ; some of them came near twenty miles." Smith describes Sussex Co., 1765, or twenty years later, as "a frontier, uot much improved and having but few inhabitants," while the act of 1768 giving Sussex the right to representation in the Legislature, says, "Whereas, the counties of Morris, Cumberland and Sussex are now become very populous, &c." When the Provincal authorities in 1709 defined the Ixmndaries of West Jersey, they included the territory of Sussex within the limits of Burlington. When Hunterdon was formed in 1713 we belonged to that county ; when Morris, in 1738, we were included within its bounds. The Provincial Legislature by enact- ment, Sth June, 1753, established the county of Sussex. The name was given by Governor Jonathan Belcher in compliment to the Duke of New Castle, whose family seat was in Sussex Count} 7 , England. Some English miners from Sussex, England, had also opened an iron mine at Andos r er, which they called the Sussex mine. Walpack and New-Town Townships embraced nearly all of the present territory of our county until Wantage was formed from New-Town, May, 1751. Ilardyston from New-Town, 1762. Ilardyston was named for Josiah Hardy, who was Gover- nor of New Jersey, 1761-1763. It included the present townships of Vernon and Sparta. Vernon was set off from it in 1792, and Sparta in 1845. When in 1738 Morris county was erected, the northern part of New Jersey began to attract attention. This region from a remote period had been the favorite residence of the Indians, but the migration to hunting grounds more remote made their population sparse. The wise policy of the Proprietors of East New Jersey, under whom we now came after the county's erection, greatly promoted its early settlement. Representa- tions of the great fertility of the lands, the abundance of game, the fewness of the Indians, and the many other inducements offered, were freely circulated, and adventurous sons of the first European settlers, as well as many new comers, turned their faces northward. The tide of immigration flowed in until the people in 1750 petitioned the Provincial Authorities to form a new 20 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. county, and relieve them from the inconvenience and expense of attending the courts at Morristown. The Assembly, 8th June, 1753, passed " An act for erecting the upper part of Morris county, in Is ew Jersey, into a separate county to be called the county of Sussex, and for building a Court House and goal." The first court of justice was held November, 1753, in Jonathan Pettit's house in Ilardwick, near where Johnsonsburg now is, and in which vicinity the "Log Goal" was built. The courts continued here until February, 1756, when they were ordered to be held in New-Town. Henry Harelocker was a Hollander, who built a log cabin on the site of Newton, on lands of Jonathan Hampton, about the year 1750. There was not another cabin for miles around in any direction. The question of location for the Court House was under discussion. The courts had been held in Ilardwick near Log Jail, now Johnsonsburg ; Stillwater put forth strong claims for the selection ; but the act of Assembly, 1761, directed the Court House to be erected upon the plantation occupied by Harelocker, doubtless through the influence of Jonathan Hampton who owned the land. Several pieces of ground in the vicinity were donated and sold, and other dwellings were put up. This was the beginning of Newton, which was long called Sussex Court House, and bore that name for four years after it was given a post office, from March 20th, 1793 to July 1st, 1707. The Indians called it the " Side Hill Town," Chinkchewunska, in their language. INDIAN HOSTILITIES. ( )ur population was increased by the arrival of many new fami- lies, until 1755. In this year on the 8th of July General Braddock was defeated on the banks of the Monongahela river. This defeat gave the Indians very exalted opinions of French power and martial ability, and they listened more readily to the emissaries sent to induce them to plunder the English settlements. There was much alarm, and rumors came of the hostile disposition of the Indians, but this was not believed of those who had so long lived at peace with our settlers along the Delaware. Teedyuscung, the great Indian King, declared that they went upon the war path, not so much to please the French, as to maintain their own rights, and to retaliate for the wrongs they suffered. White men were INDIAN INHABITANTS ATD FIRST SETTLERS. 2 1 everywhere imposing upon them, and would often induce the Indians to drink, that they might rob them while intoxicated, or gain their signatures to agreements giving away their lands. Claims were often set up, founded upon agreements made with Indians, who bargained away what did not belong to them, — the white men then driving off the rightful possessors. The evic- tion of the christian Indians from their settlements in Burlington County, and the dishonesty of William Penn's agents, aroused at last their resentment. They felt that nothing was secure and after many council fires, war upon white men was begun. The New Jersey Legislature, alarmed by the hostilities in Pennsylvania and the bloodshed along our western border, appointed commis- sioners who held a convention at Crosswicks, in 1756, and in accordance with an agreement there made, a bill was passed upon the assembling of the Legislature the next year, removing some of the difficulties of which the Indians complained. Among these were intrusions upon lands they had never sold, the insisting upon forged deeds, and the ruthless, destruction of the deer upon which they largely depended for subsistence. This commission pre- served the peace in the lower counties, but the Minisink and Wap- ping and other Indians committed twenty-seven murders on our side of the Delaware within one year from May, 1757, besides carrying away many captives. The alarm was so great that two terms of court, which was now for the first time removed from near Jolmsonsburg and ap- pointed at the house of Thomas Wolverton in New Town, were not held, " by reason of troublesome times with the Indians." Judge VanCampen repaired to Elizabeth town, by express, to lay before the Governor and Council the exposed condition of Sussex County. The Provincial Authorities " authorized the erection of four block houses, 27 Dec. 1755, at suitable distances from each other, near the River Delaware, in the County of Sussex," and ordered the enlistment of 250 men to garrison them. Westfall's block house was the most northerly, and the one at the mouth of the Pequest the most southerly, with two between them. The one in AValpack was named Fort Nomanock. The forts were rapidly built and garrisoned, and all preparations made for defense. Much 22 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. zeal was shown for enlistment, and with tidings of every fresh murder new recruits offered themselves as avengers of their fallen countrymen. It is a matter of regret that our records of that garrison life are so meagre, and that we have so few of the names of the volunteers. This township was doubtless represented among the troops who formed the garrisons. Parties of Indians sometimes came in between the forts, and would attack isolated families, and murder or take them prisoners. Robert Price, the grandfather of our venerable elder Samuel O. Price, of the North Church, was long in their hands. "When a small boy, he was taken a prisoner by the Indians at one of the massacres in the Eastern States. He and bis mother were marched off together, and she being somewhat conversant with the language of the savages, soon learned from their conversation and gestures that she was herself to be dispatched, and told her son. She said to him that he must not cry when they killed her, or they would kill him too. She marched only a few rods farther before she was killed, and the boy was adopted by a squaw who had lost her own child a few days previous. lie lived with the Indians until he was over twenty-one years old and was then rescued by lils friends. It was a long time before he became thoroughly reconciled to civilized society, and he sometimes expressed a desire to return to the Indians, but the feeling gradually wore away. Several years after his release he removed to Frankford Township." [Barber & Howe]. He died 15th Jan. 1782, fifty-one years of age, and is buried, with Abigail, his wife, in the Plains burying ground. His son John married for his second wife Susannah Hover, whose father, Manuel Hover, was also captured by the Indians and then rescued very much as Robert Price above mentioned. So that both the grandfathers of Mr. S. O. Price were in their boyhood captives in the hands of the red men. Manuel Hover, captain of militia, lived to quite an old age and told many incidents of those troublous times. Once a party of Indians had been driven off, leaving one of their number dead, and scalped. The scalp was brought into the house and hung on a nail in a closet. At night there was a great rapping at the door, but the inmates could see no JND1AN INHABITANTS AND FIKST SETTLERS. 23 one. Another night the dogs barked most furiously and an at- tack was expected, but none was made. They learned later that a party of Indians swam part way across the river and then turned back. A son of Colonel Oliver Spencer, and grandson of Robert Ogden, Sr., of Ogdensburg, was, somewhat later, captured and carried far west, and thence to Canada. He was believed to be living, and great efforts were made to secure his release, but this was not eftected until he was a grown man. His return to his friends was made a matter of treaty with the Indians, and through the interposition of the British authorities, \vho agreed that he should be given up at the request of the United States govern- ment. In June, 1758, Governor Bernard, of New Jersey secured a conference which was held at the Forks of the Delaware, near Easton, which the Indians termed the place of their " Old Council Fire." He attended, himself, with the commissioners, and with magistrates and freeholders from botli States of New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Fourteen different tribes were represented by five hundred and seven Indians who sat down in the council. Our State had already appropriated £1,60C to extinguish Indian claims, and it was agreed that £1,000 more should be added for damages, and the Indians should forever renounce all claims to lands on the east side of the river. Our frontier by these means was freed from Indian aggression from the time of the treaty until the war of the Revolution. Through the labors of Brainerd and the Moravian missionaries, numbers of the Indians had already been converted to Christianity, and the way was now open for more successful labor among them. The King, Teedyuscung, who had been a leader in the war, at the conference declared his purpose to settle with his people in Wyoming, where he would build a town such as white men live in, and have the religion of Christ preached to them and the children instructed in schools. He passed the winter at Bethlehem, and the next spring carpenters were sent to the site of his new town, who built him a house, around which his tribe put up many of their lodges. Here he lived for five years, until his house was 24 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. lired at night by his treacherous enemies, the Iroquois, and the king of the Delawares was burned to death. The following may be regarded as the closing history of the Delawares : " When first discovered by the whites they were living on the banks of the Delaware river. Early in the 17th century the Dutch commenced trading with them under friendly relations. Subsequently William Penn bought large tracts of land from them, moving them inland. A war followed this purchase, the Indians alleging they had been defrauded, but, with the assistance of the Six Nations, the whites forced them back west of the Alleghany mountains. In 1789 they were placed upon a reservation in Ohio, and in 1818 were moved to Missouri. Various removals followed until 1866, when they accepted lands in severalty in the Indian Territory, and gave up the tribal relation. They are now living in civilized fashion, and have become useful and prosperous citizens. They number between 1,000 and 1,100." [Encyclopedia Brittanica.] WALLING HOUSE. 1750. CHAPTER II. SOME EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. No certain date can be given for the arrival of the first settlers within the limits of Hardyston. Several cabins were built on the / site of the village of Hamburg near 1740. Colonel Isaac Cary had already built his log house on the site of the present North Church, where his son Isaac Cary, Junior, was born, 1742. By 1750 there were enough Presbyterian families in the vicinity to hold religious meetings in their own dwellings. Joseph Walling, Sr., came in very early. He owned a tract of land extending from the Wallkill, and the lands of the Sharps and the Lawrences, for nearly a mile east. He lived at first in a log house, but, about 1750, erected his frame dwelling. Some have called this the first frame house in Hamburg. At any 26 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. rate, it was superior to all that had preceded it, and standing on the State road, was for more than a century the central landmark of the village. The house was licensed as an inn, and on ancient maps the place is designated as " YVallings." It was consumed by fire in 1859 and the house of Richard E. Edsall now stands upon its site. When General Washington, during the Revolutionary War, passed through from Newburg to Easton, he is said to have dined at the stone house of Colonel John Hathorn, this side of Warwick, to have spent the night in the Walling house, and the night following at New Town, where he was entertained by Thomas Ai^derson, assistant Quartermaster of the Continental army. The room is still shown in the Anderson house where he slept. The story is rather mythical that Mrs. Washington accom- panied him, and after breakfast walked in the garden of the Walling house and brought back a roll of blue carded wool which had blown out of the hall, remarking " It was worth saving." Joseph Walling, Jr., built what is commonly called the Samuel Riggs house, which is still standing. There he died at the age of twenty-four, leaving three children, Francis, Joseph and Polly. The land passed out of their hands. Francis, when grown, lived at Amity, but returned for one year to Hamburg and worked at the tanner's trade. They were ancestors of the Wallings now living among us. Francis Inman, second son of Joseph Walling, Sr., removed to Montague, and the daughter went to Western New York. Samuel Fitz Randolph removed from Piscataway, near New Jirunswick, and came into possession of the Walling tract. He married Elizabeth Hull and lived in the Walling house for a few years, and there his son Jeptha was born in 1TS0. Samuel died in his thirty-third year, and his tombstone is in Papakating grave yard. His widow married again and had children by her second husband. His son Jeptha, born in Hamburg, died near Beemer- villein 1863. Jeptha's son, Samuel Fitz Randolph, owns the farm, formerly Colonel Cary's, at the North Church where he now resides. Reuben, son of Samuel, Sr., was Major of Militia during the late war with England. When a levy of Sussex troops INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 27 was sent to Sandy Hook, he was in failing health, and paid quite a sum for exemption money. Henry Simpson, who had previously removed from Long Island to Baskingridge, came here in 1750. His lands lay east of the AValling tract extending to McAfee Valley. His second wife was the Widow Elizabeth Cross, supposed to have been related to the family of the celebrated Rev. John Cross, of Baskingridge She was a woman of some cultivation and an ardent Presbyterian. Henry Simpson's son, Henry 2d, married her daughter by her, first husband. From these ancestors are descended most of the Simpsons of this vicinity. They lived at first in log houses, but after a while Henry 2d built the frame dwelling which was only recently taken down to make room for the new house of Ora Simpson. Henry Simpson 3d, was born in this house 1757. He died in 1841, on the William Edsall farm below the mountain, where he lived. He married Marcy Pettit, who was born 1757, and died 1831. He was a Revolutionary soldier and is mentioned in N. J. Official Register, page 753. His son John, at the time of his en- listment, was too young to serve in the ranks, and was transfered as teamster to Captain Dunn's Team Brigade. Mary, daughter of Henry 2d, was born at McAfee Valley L7t'»U, and died at Rudeville, 1851. She married James, commonly called " Coby," Edsall, a Revolutionary soldier and pensioner. Isaac Gary, Sr., lived in a log house which stood, as nearly as can be ascertained, on the site of the present North Church. At that time most of the region was an unbroken wilderness inhab- ited mainly by Indians. The date of his arrival is unknown, but his son Isaac was born here in 1712. He came into possession of at least two extensive tracts of land, one in the vicinity of his dwelling and the other above Upper Hamburg, or Hardystonville, as it is now frequently called. He took part, it is supposed, in the French and Indian war in 1757, and was said to have been an officer in the army of the Revolutionary war, although his name does not appear in the Official Register among the New Jersey troops. lie was known as " Old Colonel Caiy," designating his venerable years and his military rank. Everv mention of him is 28 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. respectful, and we may regard him as a man of honor and piety. He was a leading man in Colonial times and exerted much influ- ence. He was largely instrumental in the erection of the first North Church, which stood in the grave yard and always bore the name of " C ary's Meeting House." As early as 1750, Presbyterians in the vicinity held religious meetings in their own homes. When the matter of building a house of worship was agitated, Colonel Gary insisted that it should be on the hill above his house, and carried his point. This state- ment was made by the late Judge Richard R. Morris. The date of the erection of the meeting house is unknown, but the oldest date upon the tombstones in the yard is 1774. Colonel Cary's grave is unmarked by any stone, but is still pointed out by his descendants and is near the old brown head- stone of his son. Isaac Cary, Jr., was born in his father's log house on the site of the present North Church, February, 1742, and lived in the old house which stood on the corner of the road until taken down by J. B. Monnell. He married Eunice Beardslee, who was born in 1751, and who died in 1850, at the age of 9S years, at the house of Captain Goble, of Sparta, her son-in-law. Her recollection was very distinct of many occurrences of her youth. At the time of her birth her parents were living upon Hamburg Mountain. There were rumors of Indian troubles, and for secur- ity her father built a log house against the rocks, where a cave behind made a second room, in which she was born. This was near where the Gate House stood in later times. The North Church lands of Isaac Cary, Jr., passed into the hands of the Beardslee family, and he removed to upper Hamburg and lived upon another tract of land inherited from his father, now constituting the Rude farms in that vicinity, and adjoining the property of Henry AV. Couplin. lie lived in the log house which stood on the opposite side of the road from Jonathan Dymock's house. He had two sons, John and Mahlon, and six daughters. Maria, married a Rude ; Nancy, Captain Isaac Goble ; Hannah, William Reeves, who built the Jonathan Dym- ock house, became a Methodist minister, and removed to Newark ; INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 29 Polly married Henry Edsall, and, after his death, kept the moun- tain turnpike gate and was the mother of Benjamin PI. Edsall ; Phebe married William Osborne, a blacksmith, who changed the log house, after it came into his possession, into a blacksmith shop ; Emiline married a Heminover. Isaac Cary, Jr., was a mag- istrate, and his headstone at the North Church reads, " Sacred to the memory of Isaac Cary, Esquire, who died January 18th, 1791, aged 48 years and 11 months." Captain John B. Cary, the eldest son of Isaac, Jr., was born at the North Church and lived for many years in Upper Ham- burg, until he removed to Sparta township. He commanded one of the four companies of the Second Sussex Militia that went to Sandy Hook in 1812. After the war he was Captain for a time of the Hamburg Cavalry Company. He married Hannah Ham- mond, who died in 1888, aged 85 years, and is buried beside him in Sparta church yard. The Hamburg Cavalry Company was composed of young men who owned their own horses and accoutrements. They wore the Continental uniform with leather helmets and long horse-hair, feathers. Some of their uniforms were in existence until recently and a sword or two is yet shown. Charles Beardslee, Sr., was born in 1742 and died March 5th, 1803. He was said to have been a Revolutionary soldier, and was called "Colonel." His parents were living on the Hamburg Mountain in 1751, at the time of the birth of his sister Eunice. He lived with Colonel Cary at the North Church and is supposed to have married his daughter. Pie was twenty years of age at the time of the birth of his son, Charles, Jr. All the Cary tract of land finally came into the possession of his descendants. Part of the lands came to the Beardslees by inheritance, and through intermarriage, and other portions by purchase. The North Church tract, comprising fifteen hundred or more acres, is now divided into eight good sized farms. Upon it Charles Beardslee built several houses for himself and his sons. Charles Beardslee, Jr., was born in 1762 and died in 1818. His wife was a Schofield. Samuel Beardslee, their son, was born in 1813, and died in 1863. He married Sarah Kimble, born in 30 HARDY8TON MEMORIAL. 1813, and died in 187T. They were the parents of Samuel A. Beardrfee, who died in 1881, in his forty-first year. George was Captain of a Company of Sussex 2d Regt., and took his company to Sandy Hook during the war of 1812. He lived in the stone house on the Lantz farm, which was commonly called the "Plains farm," and upon which were the Hemp meadow, the Potash works, and a brick kiln. He was a very active busi- ness man. He engaged in iron manufacture and ran a forge at SnufFtown ; but iron making did not prove profitable, and, his estate becoming involved, he sold out and removed in 1837, with all his family, to Michigan. John lived in the Samuel F. Randolph house, and kept a tavern, lie married Susan Gary for his second wife. After his death she kept the public house for many years. His son Beverly lived in the old parsonage, now the sexton's house, built in 178S, and mar- ried Ann, daughter of Captain Christopher Longstreet. Beverly was drowned in Lake Grinnell while fishing. Edward, another son, lived on the Darrah place until he removed AVest. Sibella, a daughter, married Joseph Linn, who kept store at Monroe Corners. The sign painted on the house, "Monroe Store, " gave name to the cross roads. Another daughter married one of the Wellings, of Warwick. Morrison lived on the farm owned by Judge Haines for many years, and now by Edward Case. He built the house and cleared the fields, which were then thickly covered with timber. Samuel lived on the Peter Wilson farm and built the house. His wife was Hannah, daughter of Major Blain, of Orange county. Their daughter Abbey married Thomas L. Wilson. James lived in the old house yet standing near the Fowler homestead. Thomas was an elder in the North Church, and married Rachel, daughter of Ebenezer Tuttle. They were church mem- bers previous to the separation of Sparta and the North Church, in 1819. Their home was on the Demarest farm, east from Turtle's Corner, in Lafayette township. They removed in 1831. Ebenezer Tuttle owned the Mark Congleton farm and lived in a house which was burned, near Monroe Corners. He INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 31 united with the church in 1820 and died in 1S34. His son Samuel married Lydia, daughter of James Hopkins, and lived at the Big Spring on the farm his wife inherited, where he built the stone house. He sold the place to his brother-in-law, Jacob Kimble, and bought the Zebulon Sutton, now Rutherford farm, near Franklin Furnace. He was an Elder of the North Church from 1823 until his death in 1861. His wife died in 1868. James Hamilton was born at sea. He was a young man, a carpenter in Philadelphia, during the Revolutionary war. After the capture of the city, in 1777, by the enemy, he was claimed as a British subject and taken forcibly to a man-of-war anchored in the river. One night he tied his clothes together and threw him- self, with his bundle, into the water. The current was so swift that he lost his clothes and reached the shore naked, but he went into the town and climbed up by the window of his boarding house and reached his own room. In the morning when the woman, who had charge of the room, entered, she was surprised to find the bed occupied. He asked her to bring him a suit of his clothes and to say nothing about him. He escaped, and came to Orange Co. to a Mrs. Hinchman's house. A troop of tories and British came in pursuit of -him. Mrs. Ilinchman concealed him in a large barrel over which she spread flax, and then prepared a good dinner for the troopers, with plenty of cider, and they went away without discovering the fugitive prisoner. After the war, Hamilton worked at his trade, and, going to Frankford, met and married Sarah Price, daughter of Francis Price, and grandaughter of Robert, who was captured by the Indians. After the birth of his son Benjamin, he engaged to build a grist mill near the Dela- ware River. He built a log house in a lonely place which he had selected, but had no materials for window or door # Here he had to leave his wife and child for days while he went away to his work. She closed the entrance at night with her table and a bed quilt. She was frequently awakened in terror by the wolves which came prowling around the cabin, but they never broke the feeble barrier. James Hamilton built the Lawrence mansion, 1794. The eldest son, born in 1781, was named for an uncle, Benjamin, in Philadelphia, who sent money to pa} r for his school- 32 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. ing. He conducted many suits at law in Justices Courts, and be- came Brigadier General of Militia and had a prominent part at the general trainings, which were formerly held every year. He was a member of the Legislature, and for several years represented Sussex in the State Council. He died in 1864. His wife was Sally Edsall, who died in 1874, in the 95th year of her age. She was a woman of remarkable ability of mind and of attractive character. She retained her memory to the last, and we are in- debted to her for much information respecting olden times. Col. Robert Hamilton, their son, was member of Congress ; and Major Fowler Hamilton, another son, showed great gallantry in the Mexican war, and died soon after in Texas, while on mili- tary service. Benjamin Hamilton, Jr., practiced law in Newton, was a member of the Legislature, and died in early manhood. Francis Hamilton, another son of James, was named for his mother's father. He married the eldest daughter of Joseph Sharp, Jr., Nancy (or Anne), who was brought up by her grandmother, Grace Sharp, the Quakeress, who gave them a large sum of money to purchase the farm where they lived. This farm was purchased by Dr. Samuel Fowler, sometime previously, for$S per acre. Peter Fountain worked it for him for a number of years and never owned a horse during that time, using oxen. Dr. Fow- ler sold it for $22 per acre ; and in more recent times it has been valued as high as $120 per acre. Esther Hamilton, daughter of James, married Colonel Joseph E. Edsall. Thomas Hamilton, another son, lived in Hamburg and mar- ried Elizabeth Hoffman, (familiarly called Aunt Betsy), a woman noted for her kindness of heart and earnest piety. Michael Rorick was of Dutch descent. He was born April 10th, 1749, in Bergen County, and came to Franklin Furnace about 1765, in the employ of the men who built and ran the earl- iest forge there. He was then but seventeen years old, and drove an ox team for carting around the forge. By careful saving he gathered a little property, and some years later secured a tract of wild land, embracing several hundred acres, on the west bank of the Wallkill, above the forge. He lived at first in a log house, but INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 33 afterwards built the frame dwelling which stood an hundred years, and was burned after the construction of the N. Y., Susquehanna A: Western Railroad, which ran beside it. The house was at that time occupied by his grandson, Samuel Losey, who inherits that portion of the homestead farm. Michael Rorick, in 1774, married Lucretia Hardin, who was born in Massachusetts, February 21st, 1752. The region around their home was a vast forest, with the exception of the little clear- ing where there had been a small Indian settlement, and within which their house was erected. An old Indian trail crossed the Kill at what is still called " The Ford," where the water is shal- low and runs with nearly a uniform depth over a pebbly bottom It then passed along up the stream on the edge of the meadow and upland, very near where the road was formerly located. The trails were very narrow foot-paths, where the Indians walked in single tile, one behind another; for it is said they never went two abreast, and so disturbed as little as possible the foliage along their foot-paths. Traces of the Indian occupation may still be seen in the fruit trees, some of which, planted by them, are yet, after all these years, standing and bearing in their season blossoms and fruit. The apples are of peculiar variety, the plums of the common red sort, while the cherries are of three kinds — red, yellow and black. It was with difficulty Rorick could preserve his sheep from the attack of wolves which abounded in the country. To save his flock, he constructed caves in the side hill into which they were driven at night. One morning, at break of day, the cry of the wolves was heard just opposite the house, and one of the men ran out and fired at them. They fled to the kill and passed over it in two or three jumps, making the water fly and shaking themselves from the wet as soon as they were over, w T hen they started for the mountain on the east side. A hunt was organized by several men, who saw nothing that day of the wolves, but killed a bear and several wild cats in Bear Swamp, then an almost impenetrable jungle on the mountain near the Losey pond. The passage way for wild beasts from the Wild Cat Mountain to the Munson moun- tain seemed to run very near the house, and frequently the cry of 34 HARDY STON MEMORIAL. the panther, as well as the howl of the wolf, was heard at night. The Indians were occasional visitors for years after the set- tlement. A rock on the Wild Cat Mountain, whose top overhangs its base, was occasionally the halting place at night for their warriors and hunters. One day a warrior, decorated with red paint and naked to the waist, presented himself at the door with a demand for food. He said he would tell them where there was a lead mine if they would feed him. "When his hunger was ap- peased, he said the mine was under a clump of trees in the bend of the river. No searching has ever yet been able to verify the saying of the Indian. Michael and his wife were very exemplary in their lives and firm in their religious belief. Their four sons and six daughters, who survived childhood, were trained in the knowledge of the Scriptures and to follow their godly example. The parents were among the ten corporate members who formed the Franklin Bap- ist Church at its organization, December 11th, 1823. When Michael died, October 28th, 1832, at the age of eighty- four years, and Lucretia, September 12th, 1834, aged eighty-two, they were buried in the grave yard of the Franklin Church- In March, 1832, Michael put all his property into the hands of two trustees, who were to furnish him and his w T ife a good, comforta- ble and ample support, and divide the remainder of the income among his heirs apparent, while he and his wife survived, and after their death, make equal division of all his estate among his children. Garret Kemble's grandfather came from Devonshire, Eng- land, with his wife and four sons. Three of the sons entered the Revolutionary army, two of them losing their lives during the war, and the survivor afterwards settling in Virginia. William, the youngest son, studied medicine and practiced in that part of Bergen County which is now Northern Passaic. He married Elizabeth Cole, of Holland descent, and lived at Oak Ridge. He had a large family of hardy children, but died himself in middle life. Garret was born near Oak Ridge, September 4th, 1793. He came to Sussex County in 1S12, in his nineteenth year, and enter- INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 35 ed the employ of Captain George Beardslee on his farm in the vicinity of the North Church. When New York city was threat- ened by the British, during the second war, Captain Beardslee marched his company to Sandy Hook, and young Kemble had the entire management of the farm. This was conducted to the satis- faction of his employer, who encouraged him to bring here his mother and her three youngest children. He was remarkable for great physical strength, and his industry and integrity made him respected by all. He married, in 1818, Ann Carnes, daughter of Michael and Lucretia Rorick, who was born 1795 and named by Mrs. Ann Carnes Newman, the blind wife of Emanuel Newman, who lived in the J. Ludlum Munson house. After their mar- riage, Michael Rorick built a house for them, and they lived upon the farm which Mrs. Kemble inherited from him, until their death. The house and farm remained in the family until recently. Mrs. Kemble died in 1877, aged eighty-two years, and Garret Kemble in 1881, in his ninety-first year. They united with the Baptist Church of Franklin in 1824, and were esteemed and use- ful members, distinguished for consistent piety and fidelity to the Christian profession. Garret was ordained a Deacon in 1828, and held the office until his death. Two brothers, named Sutton, of Huguenot descent, settled in Morris County before the war of the Revolution. Captain Jona- than Sutton, the son of one of the brothers, was in the Continental army. At the close of the war he came to Sparta, and from thence to Hardyston, where he resided until his death, in 1818. He was an Elder in the Sparta Church. Some of his descendants imi- grated to the West and some still reside in the vicinity. Jacob Sutton, Sr., son of Captain Jonathan, married Hannah Rorick, eldest daughter of Michael and Lucretia Rorick. They had six sons. The eldest son, Michael B., owned a farm on which he lived, one mile northeast from the New Prospect School House. He, his wife and children, were members of the North Church. He was a very active member of the congregation. Removing to Michigan, he died in advanced years. His eldest son is Rev. Dr. Ford Sutton, of New York city, a son-in-law of the late Horace Holden, a man well known in the religious world. 36 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. Jacob Sutton^ Jr., lived on lands formerly owned by George Buckley, near New Prospect School House. He married a daughter of Martin Cox, of Wantage, in 1825. They are both living at an advanced age at Monroe Corners. Jonathan Sutton, another son of Jacob, Sr., lived on the West Mountain road on the second farm from the school house. He was an active member of the North Church, a man of considerable enterprise, removed to Andover, and afterwards to Michigan. West Mountain was formerly called Ireland. Samuel Knox came from Ireland, with his wife Rose, who united with the North Church in 1S26. When there was special religious interest at the North Church, Rev. Mr. Fairchild visited them and urged their attendance upon the meetings. The wife, with her daughters, spun and wove the yarn and cloth to furnish a new suit of clothes for her husband that he might attend church. One evening the father, mother, sons and daughters came for the first time to church. The house was filled, and, coming in late, they had some difficulty in finding seats. The father, and several of the sons and daughters, were converted while the series of meetings continued. The descendants of Samuel and Rose Knox have been excellent citizens and useful in church and state. Jeannett married Samuel Morrow, of Hamburg, and afterwards of Wantage. They edu- cated their sons, and five of them entered the legal profession and attained to high civil positions. James Scott lived at Franklin, near where Col. Samuel Fow- ler built the stone house. He was a contractor in building the Paterson and Hamburg Turnpike road, and is said to have made considerable money by his contract. Scott's Hill, on the turnpike, is called after him. He invested in land and became well off. He had several sons and left to each of them a good farm. He gave $100 toward building the North Church, in 1S13. His brother, Ben Scott, was a man of powerful frame and noted for great strength. Garrett Van Blarcom was the son of a Revolutionary sol- dier, born in Bergen County, 17S0, and married to Mary Degraw, in 1804. He served in the war of 1S12, was a mason by trade, and came to New Prospect 1820. His death, in 1831, was caused INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 37 by a fall from a haymow by which his back was broken. On his death bed he summoned his sons and neighbors around him and most earnestly counseled them to seek religion and lead holy lives. He and his wife were devoted Christians and members of the North Church. They had two sons, Samuel and William. Their grandson, Garret S. Van Blarcom, son of Samuel, was struck by a locomotive on the Sussex Railroad, and instantly killed. Captain Lewis Van Blarcom, another grandson, and son of William and his wife Catherine Sutton, was a student at law with M. R. Kemble, of Hamburg, for one year, and afterwards with John Linn, at Newton. He went out with the 15th Regiment, N. J. Vols., was wounded and captured at Spottsylvania, May 8th, 1864, and his leg amputated. Martin Ryerson, with his brothers, came to Sussex County in 1770. They were descendants of Martin Ryerson, of Flatbush, Long Island, who emigrated from Amsterdam previous to 1063. Martin purchased the Walling property and, in 1800, made his home in Hamburg. He died at Hamburg, in the house built by Dr. Fowler, November 1S20, at the age of seventy-two. His wife was Rhoda Hull, and among their six children were David Ryerson, of Newton, well known in business circles, and as Presi- dent of the Sussex Bank, Thomas C. Ryerson, and Elizabeth, who married Robert A. Linn. Thomas Cox Ryerson was born in 1788, at Myrtle Grove, and came to Hamburg with his father in 1800. His early life was spent upon the farm, but having a taste for study, Ills father sent him to Princeton College, where he graduated in 1809. After a course of legal study in the office of Job Stockton Hal- stead, he was admitted to the practice of law. He married Han- nah Amelia Jarvis Ogden, the daughter of Robert Ogden 3d, of Sparta, and lived with his father in the house built by Dr. Fow- ler, frequently called the "L'Hominedieu house," where his son, the late Judge Martin Ryerson, of Newton, was born September 17th, 1815. Mr. I^yerson's law office was a small building on the side of the public road, and was afterwards used by Daniel Haines, when he first began the practice of law in Hamburg, in 1 824. He was a member of the State Council for two years, and, 38 IIARDYSTON MEMORIAL. in 1834, was chosen Justice of the Supreme Court. He died ira 1838, while in office. He was a man of the firmest independence and strictest integrity. As a lawyer, he was well read and an earnest advocate, having great influence over the courts and juries in the counties where he practiced. As a judge, he was held in the highest esteem, and had the confidence of the bar and the general public. In 1820 he exchanged lands with his brother-in- law, Robert A. Linn, and removed to Newton. His second son was Thomas Byerson, an eminent and well known physician, who died in Newton, May 27th, 1887. His youngest son, Col. Henry Ogden Ryerson, after a brave and honorable service in the late war, was killed in the battle of the Wilderness, in Virginia, May 7th, 1864. Alexander McEowen was born in Kilaron, in the Isle of Isle, Scotland, in the year 1730, and reached Philadelphia when eleven years of age. He accompanied the family of Andrew Kirkpatrick in their journey on foot across the State to Basking- ridge, where he made his home in after life. He married, Feb- ruary 20th, 1766, Mary Cross, daughter of the celebrated Rev. John Cross, and died April 27th, 1777. His son was Hugh Mc- Eowen, and his granddaughter, Matilda, the wife of Rev. Dr. Elias R. Fairchild. Rev. John Cross left a number of sons and daughters, several of whom were quite young at his death, and were brought up by his widow, Deborah. Joseph Cross, of Baskingridge, was a grand- son, and his daughter, Caroline, was the mother of Joseph E. Sheldon, of Hamburg. Joseph Linn was born in 1725 and died at Harmony Vale, April 8th, 1S00. lie married Martha Kirkpatrick, of Basking- ridge, who was born in Scotland, 1723, and died March 7th, 1791. After their marriai e they lived, first in Hunterdon County, then near Johnsonsburg, in Hard wick township, and later, removed to Harmony Vale. Andrew Kirkpatrick, with his sons, John and David, and his daughters, Martha and Elizabeth, and also his brother Alexan- der and family, removed from Wattie's Neach, Dumfrieshire, Scot- land, the place of their birth, to Belfast, Ireland, about 1725. In INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 39 1736 they embarked for America, landed at New Castle, Dela- ware, crossed the river at Philadelphia and wandered up through Xew Jersey, reaching Bound Brook. Finally they settled on the southern slope of Round Mountain, near Baskingridge. They were all on foot, and much of the way there were no other roads but the Indian paths. David Kirkpatrick was twelve years old when his father came to this country. For one hundred years the Kirkpatrick family were prominent in the Presbyterian Church of Basking- ridge. Andrew Linn, M. D., son of Joseph and Martha Kirkpat- rick, was born in Hardwick township, in 1755. His youth was spent at Harmony Vale. He studied medicine with Dr. Samuel Kennedy, who lived near the "Log Goal." In the war of the Rev- olution he was Adjutant of the Second Sussex Regiment. He began the practice of medicine at Monroe Corners, and, after his marriage, removed to Newton, where he died April, 1799. He lived in a stone house, which was afterwards enlarged by a frame and brick structure by his son Robert, and where Judge Thomas C. Ryerson afterwards lived. His practice was very large. He was highly popular and regarded as an excellent physician. He married Ann Carnes, of Bladensburg, Maryland, whose brother, Thomas, was Member of the Third U. S. Congress, from Geor- gia. She was on a visit to her blind aunt, Mrs. Ann Carnes Newman, near Sparta, when he met her. Their children were Robert Andrew, long a merchant and leading citizen of Hamburg ; Margaret, wife of Major William Thornton Anderson, of Newton ; Mary, wife of David Ryerson, of Newton ; Martha, who married Hugh Taylor, and, after his decease, became the wife of Judge Richard R. Morris, of Sparta ; and Alex- ander, of Easton. Their children, with their descendants and connections, have filled a wide circle of influence in the society of the Town and County. John Linn. Few men of Northern New Jersey stood higher in public esteem than he, in his lifetime. The son of Joseph and Martha Kirkpatrick, he was born December 3d, 1763, in Hardwick township, Warren Count} 7 , and came to this vicini- 40 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. ty when his father removed to the farm which he afterwards inherited and called Harmony Vale. During the Revolutionary war lie was at first a private, then Sergeant in Captain Manning's Co., Sussex, New Jersey Troops. We know not how early in life he became a child of God, but when the First Church of Hardyston (embracing the congrega- tions at the Head of the Wallkill and Gary's Meeting House) was organized in 1787, in accordance with the requirements of the State law, his name and that of Martha Linn, his mother, ap- pear as communicants. He married, May 19th, 1791, Martha Hunt, daughter of Richard Hunt, Sr., of Hardwiek, who, July 15th, 1827, in the fifty- fourth year of her age, "died, asshe had lived, a christian." Their children were fourteen — Elizabeth, the wife of Rev. Edward Allen, born September 2d, 1792; Joseph, born Septem- ber 25th, 1793, a most excellent and exemplary man; Sarah, Mrs. Shafer, born March 7th, 1796 ; Alexander Richard, died in infancy; Andrew, born May 7th, 1799, married Sibella Beardslee, elder in North Church 1827, keptstore, at Monroe Corners; Marga- ret died in infancy; John, born May 6th,lS03. died at Bloom field Acadamy, 1819; Mary Ann, Mrs. Low, born March 4th, 1805 ; Caroline, born December 18th, 1800, wife of Dr. Roderick By- ington, of Belvidere, and mother of the missionary, Theodore- Linn Byington, D. D.; Henrietta, who still survives, received into the church in 1S30, at a communion held in Hamburg, and is the first upon the roll of living membership of the North Hardys- ton Church ; David Hunt, and Alexander, M. D., were twins, born February 17th, 1811, David dying in infancy, and Alexan- der, May 12th, 186S ; Lucilla Matilda, wife of Ezekiel Brown, born December lOtl , 1814, and died in California, 1884; and William Helm, M. I)., born March 6th, 1819, died October, 1877. John Linn had s-erved as Sheriff of Sussex County, and, in 1805, was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and re-appointed for his fourth term, serving for sixteen years. He was then elected member of Congress, and re-elected for a second term. He died in Washington City, while a member of Congress, Jan. 5, 1821, of typhoid fever. As the weather was very cold,, INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIBST BETfLEBS. 4-1 his remains were brought the whole distance in a sleigh to the North Church Cemetery, where he was buried. lie was made an Elder of the IJardyston Church 1812, and, after the division, of the North Church of Hardyston, May, 1819, exerted an extraordinary influence for good in the community and was associated with Kobert Ogden in church work and public services. His sons, Dr. Alexander Li a it, and Dr. William Helm Limi, were eminent in their profession. All who remember them, hnow of their skill in medicine, their kindness in sickness, and that sterling worth inherited from their parents, which always distinguished them. The town is favored which has beloved physicians like them to administer in sickness, and bring relief in suffering and accident. His grandson, Theodore Linn Byinglon, was born at John- sonsburg, 1831. He graduated at Princeton College and Union Theological Seminary, N. Y. city, went as Missionary to Turkey 1858, was Pastor at Newton from 1869 to 1874, returned to the mis- sion field for eleven years, died in Philadelphia June 16th, 1SS8, and was buried at Springfield, Mass. Robert Andrew Linn, son of Dr. Andrew and Ann (Carnes) Linn, was born near Monroe Corners, January 29th, 1787. His father removed to Newton, where his boyhood was spent. In early manhood he went South to live. In 1812 he joined an ex- pedition, organized of Americans, by a Mexican patriot, General Jose Bernardo Gueterrez, who invaded Texas in the interests of Mexican independence, and carried on a campaign against the Spanish arm} 7 . All who served on this campaign, beside their bounty money and monthly pay, were promised one square league •of land when the national independence was established. This expedition was so far successful that for a time the Spanish author- ities withdrew from a large part of Texas. In the battles which took place Mr. Linn's hearing was impaired by the artillery firing, to which he attributed the beginning of the deafness from which he suffered in after life. He was much attracted to Texas, and when Mexico became free, was inclined to go there to live and /ilaim the square league of land to which his services entitled him. 42 HAEDYSTON MEMORIAL. He was at New Orleans when General Jackson commanded the forces there, participated with the citizens who volunteered in the defence of the city, and was an eye witness to the battle of New Orleans, January 8th, 1815. After the war he went to Nashville, Term., and engaged in business for several years. In 1816 he married Elizabeth Byerson, daughter of Martin Ryerson, of Hamburg, who was born December 19th, 1791, and died Sep- tember ISth, 1867. After his marriage he became a merchant in Newton, and lived in the stone house of his father. To this he added the larger part, a frame structure with brick front. In 1820 he exchanged properties with his brother-in-law, Judge Thomas C. Ryerson, and came to Hamburg. He lived for a time in the Walling house and, about 1824, by exchange with Joseph E. Edsall, he acquired the present Creamery property and made the house his home until his death, January 2d, 1868. He was a Director of the Sussex Bank, and continued for more than fifty years one of the first business men of the place. Much of this time he was Postmaster. His business was conducted on principles of prudence, so that while many others failed, he was never overtaken with financial disaster. His eldest son, Robert Andrew, Jr., was born in 1817, and died in 1838, a few days after completing his majority. He united with the North Church when he was sixteen years old, and showed much earnestness in his young religious life. The second son, David Ryerson, was born in 1S20, spent twenty years in California, and was killed in 1875, by falling acci- dentally from a railway train, while it was in full motion, near Hamburg. The third son, Thomas Ryerson, was born 1S22, and died from heart disease, 1S67. For many years of his life he was occu- pied in the care of his father's farm. The fourth son, Theodore Anderson, was born in 183o, and his studious habits gave great promise of intellectual ability. He studied medicine and was admitted to practice in 1S50, but soon after his health declined, and he died September 5th, 1S52. The bright hopes entertained for his future success were thus suddenly cut off. INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 13 His eldest daughter, Anna 3Iary, was born 1S19 and died in 1876 ; a woman of great goodness of heart, and cultivated mind, she was held in high esteem by a wide circle of friends. t.e- LAWRENCE MANSION— 1/94. Thomas Lawrence, Escj., Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. Among the many who suffered great financial losses dur- ing our war for Independence were the Lawrence family, of Phil- adelphia. For three generations they had been merchants in that city, and had filled many public offices. One Thomas Lawrence was a member of Penn's Council, and Mayor of the city when the State House was built. His son Thomas was also Mayor five times, and his son John held the same office, it being of yearly appointment. The Thomas who was Mayor for five years had a large place called " Clairmont," on the north side of the city. He died in 1775, leaving three sons grown, and some younger chil- dren. It was impossible to keep the property together, taxes were enormous, and the family went elsewhere to seek a living- Thomas, the eldest son, came first to Princeton, where he lived for a few years on a farm. In 1784, he entered into partnership 11 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. with Mr. Pobert Morris, of New York, but the business was not successful, and in Feb., 17S7, he says: "The discouraging situa- tion of commercial affairs has determined me to retire to the coun- try for the support of my family." His father-in-law, Lewis Morris, had a farm in Sussex Co., N. Jersey, called " Morrisvale.' 1 During the war Col. Morris was unfortunately situated, his home at Morrisania, in Westchester Co., being near enough to both armies to be in danger from each. As one of the signers of the Declaration, Col. Morris suffered most from the English, and was obliged to take up some vacant lands in Sussex Co. to provide a living for his family. He sent slaves to cultivate the farm, and they carried grain, vegetables and fruit over the mountain to Morrisania. It was this Sussex farm that Col. Morris rented to his son-in-law, Thomas Lawrence, who was also his nephew. In May, 1787, Mr. Lawrence brought his wife and children to Sussex Co. One of the little girls, then only seven years old, Mrs. Maria Shee, lived to tell in old age the story of the long journey in a carriage over the rough mountain, not then crossed by a good stage-road. In 1790, Mr. Lawrence bought the property at Morrisvale of his uncle, but it did not agree with the health of his family, so he decided to build on higher ground overlooking the broad meadow nearer the village. This he accomplished in 1794, and then turned his thoughts to establishing some communication with the outside world. Sussex C. H. was the only Post Office north of Morristown, but, in 1795, Mr. Lawrence and others succeeded in their efforts and a Post Office was opened in the village, and the name Hamburg chosen. He kept careful accounts of arrival and departure of mails, often carried on horse-back, and sometimes twenty-four hours behind time. It is interesting to see how an old gentleman of that time treasured everything in the way of literature that he could find. In a scrap-book he copied the verses that pleased his fancy, " An Elegy, wrote by Mr. Gray," " The Fireside, wrote by Dr. Cotton," show his poetical tastes, and his letters to friends and family con- tain many criticisms on modern literature. In 1813, he purchased another farm near the village, so that at his death, in 1823, he owned between seven and eight hundred INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 45 acres in the county, which property is still in possession of his descendants. Mr. Lawrence was first married to Rebecca, daughter of Dr. Thomas Bond, of Philadelphia. She had two daughters, and died in Philadelphia in 1771. lie then married his cousin, Mary Morris, whose only son w r as born on that memorable day, July 4th, 177C. The mother died a month later, and, in 1778, her husband married her sister, Catherine V. Both were daughters of his uncle, Col. Lewis Morris, of Morrisania. The tw T o elder daughters were married soon after the family came to Sussex, Mary to Gabriel Ludlum, nephew of Robert Morris ; Rebecca to Warren de Lancy, of New York. The eldest son served as Ensign in the Regular Army, and died a month after receiving his commission as Lieutenant, in 1799. Lewis, the second son, died at the age of seventeen, in Goshen, where he was at school. Maria, the third daughter, was seven years old when they came to Sussex. She married, in 1810, her cousin, Walter Louis Siiee, son of Gen. John Shee, of Philadelphia. For a few years after marriage they lived in Oxford, a suburb of Philadelphia, but Mrs. Shee was anxious to return to New Jersey. In 1814, her father purchased the Beach farm, and rented it to Mr. Shee. They removed to this property, in Hamburg, which was given to Mrs. Shee by her father's will, and here she spent the rest of her life. Mr. Shee became Postmaster in 1815, or soon after, and Judge of Common Pleas Court under five appointments, serving from 1817 to 1842, and took an active interest in county affairs. He died in 1856. His wife survived all her family, dying in the spring of 1870, as she entered her 90th year. Spending nearly all her long life in the place, she was closely identified with it, and seemed to the younger generation a connecting link with the past. In her manner she preserved the stately formality of the old school, and had no liking for modern ways. She never saw a locomotive engine, and the idea of a railroad in the place was very distasteful to her. Those who had heard her dread of it, thought it strange that on the day ground was broken for the Midland 46 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. Railroad, in sight of her window, she lay on her death bed. Richard, the third son, studied surveying, and did much active work in the county. lie lived with his sister, Mrs. Shee, and died at her house in 1858. Catharine, the fourth daughter, never married. After the death of her parents, she lived in a cottage on the Morrisvale farm. Her benevolence was so universal, that " Aunt Kitty," as she was called by all who knew her, was appealed to in every trouble. Her home was like a happy family in its variety of pet animals. Ill health obliged her to leave " The Cottage " in her last years, which were spent with her sister, Mrs. Shee. She died in 1862. When Mrs. Shee lived at Oxford, she met a young girl who had lost both parents in infancy by yellow fever. Mrs. Shee wrote often about this interesting young girl, and in a letter to her father said she " wished one of her brothers would come on and fall in love with her, as she would make so good a wife."' Her brother Thomas took her advice, and was married to Janet Will- son, by Bishop White, Dec. 1st, 1813. They lived on the Mor- risvale farm, where Mrs. Lawrence died in 1821, leaving two children, Thomas and Catherine. The son was adopted by his grandparents, and the daughter by her aunt, Mrs. Shee. Mr. Lawrence lived for many years with his sister, in the Morris- vale cottage, and died at the residence of his son, in Sparta, in 1851. The youngest daughter in this Lawrence family, Sarah, mar- ried Dr. Jesse Arnell, a physician who came to Hamburg from Goshen. He practiced for a few years, and they were married in the spring of 1813. Doctor Arnell died in July, 1811, and his wife in the following November. Mr. Lawrence had three other children, Jacob, William and Lena, who died in infancy, a few years after they came to New Jersey. Samuel Beach, M. D., who sold to Thomas Lawrence, in 1805, the house and land which became the home and farm of Judge Walter L. Shee, came with his brother, Calvin, to Ham- burg from Parsippany, Morris Co., N. J., where their parents, Isaac and Mary (Bigals) Beach lived. Isaac Beach died in 1831, INDIAN INHABITANTS AND FIRST SETTLERS. 47 aged 89 years. His wife died in 1830, aged 82 years. The grandfather of Samuel and Calvin Beach was Abner, and their great-grandfather, Benjamin. Dr. Beach purchased lands which are described as rive tracts. The first three were conveyed by Abraham Kitchel and Benjamin Lindsley to Jonathan Lindsley, in 1798. The 4th tract was con- veyed by Joseph Sharp and William Sharp to Jonathan Lindsley, in 1796. Said four tracts were conveyed to Dr. Samuel Beach by Jonathan Lindsley, in 1801. The fifth tract was the one on which the house was built, and is described as a part of that conveyed by heirs of Mary Alexander to Gov. Lewis Morris. When Mrs. Shee made her home here, in 1814, the place was called " Oaklands." The two brothers, Samuel and Calvin, returned to Parsippany, where Calvin remained until his death. Dr. Samuel was a resi- dent of Jeffersonville, Indiana, for more than twenty years. He was born Nov. 7th, 1774, and died in the city of New York, June 1st, 1S36. The brothers were related to Judge Samuel Beach Ifalsey, of Bockaway, and to Dr. Columbus Beach, of Beach Glen. CHAPTER III. EARLY SETTLEKB AND TIIEIE FAMILIES CONTINUED. The Ogdens had much influence in Hardy ston, and the history of the town requires no little mention of them. Going back to the first immigrant of the family, we find John Ogden, born in Northampton, England, whose descent is traced from John Ogden living in 14G0. He lived in Stamford, Conn., in 1641, and con- tracted, in 1042, with the Dutch Governor, William Kieft, to build a stone church in the fort of New Amsterdam. The fort stocd within the precincts of the present Battery, in New York city. By grant from Governor Kieft, with Bichard Denton and others, he made the settlement of Hempstead, L. I., in 1044. He removed to Southampton, L. I., in 1047 ; held office as Magistrate from Connecticut and New Haven Colonies, and represented Southampton in the upper house of King's Council, Conn. It is claimed for him that Charles II gave him armorial bearings with the legend : ' : Granted to John Ogden Esquire by King Charles the second, for his faithful services, to his Unfortunate Father, Charles the First." In 1004 he came to Elizabethtown, and was one of the two original patentees who established the settlement of the town. A man of sterling piety, he was frequently called " Good old John Ogden." He died December, 1081. Five grown sons accompa- nied him from Long Island. Jonathan, his third son, was the father of Bobert Ogden 1st, and grandfather of Kobert Ogden 2d. Robert Ogden 2d was born at Elizabethtown, October 7th, 1716 ; married Bhebe Hatfield, and had a large family of chil- dren. Mrs. Ogden was a woman of patriotic spirit, and three of her sons and two sons-in-law were in the army, and her husband EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. 49 was a Commissary during the war of the Revolution. Upon their removal to Sussex, she gave the name of Sparta to their new home in the wilderness, expressing the wish that the youth of this vicinity might emulate the virtues of the ancient Spartans. The name has traveled to the village four miles away, at the head of the Wallkill, whose Post Office is Sparta, while the site of the Ogden home is now known as Ogdensburg. Robert Ogden 2d filled numerous offices of honor and trust under the royal government. At that time Elizabethtown was the state seat of government. He was a member of the Provin- cial Council and for several years Speaker of the House of Assem- bly. Being appointed one of the delegates from the Legislature of New Jersey to the Provincial Congress that met in New York in 1705, to protest against the Stamp Act, he, with the chairman of the convention, refused to sign the protest and petition to the King and Parliament, upon the ground that it should be trans- mitted to the Provincial Assembly, and through it be presented to the Government of Great Britain. Tin's so displeased his con- stituents that he was burned in effigy on his return home. He convened the Assembly and resigned his Speakership and mem- bership, and in his address on the occasion said: "I trust Provi- dence will, in due time, make the rectitude of my heart and my inviolable affection to my country appear in a fair light to the world, and that my sole aim was the happiness of New Jersey." When the war of the Revolution began he took a firm stand on the side of freedom, and was a member of the Committee of Vig- ilance of Elizabethtown. He was so obnoxious to the Tories that they made great efforts to capture him. After the battle of Long Island and the occupation of New York by the British, it was no longer safe for him to remain in the vicinity. In a letter written Oct. 7th, 1776, to his son-in-law, Colonel Francis Barber, he says: ' "We still continue in the old habitation, though almost surrounded by the regulars [British troops] . They have been on Staten Island, a month on Long Island, and three weeks in possession of New York, a large part of which is burned to the ground. A very serious part of the story — our troops yesterday evacuated Bergen — carried off the stores and artillery, moved oft" as many of the inhabitants as could get away, and fired all the wheat and. 50 IIAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. other grain. " Your mother still seems undetermined whether to stay here by the stuff, or remove to Sussex. A few days will determine her, but perhaps in a few days it may be too late to determine a matter of this importance." The removal was forced upon them when AVashington re- treated through the Jerseys, and was no doubt effected soon after this letter was written. A division of the British army entered Elizabethtown Nov. 29th, and the winter, which found Washing- ton in Morristown, found them in Sparta. The following letter from his son, Matthias, is of interest as showing their residence here at the time of its date, and also ( >gden's connection with the Continental army. He had years before served the King's army as Commissary, when General Amherst commanded the royal forces ; and again when General Abercrombie was commander-in-Chief before his defeat on Lake George. Much of the correspondence is still in existenr-e : "Mokris Town, January 6, 1777. " Honorable Sir: I send you Mr. Lowrey's letter, who, since it was written, has desired me to inform you that the way he does, and the method you must take, is to apply to General Washington, who will give a warrant for any sum of money you may apply for necessary for carrying on your commissary department. I am in- formed there is a complaint here for want of flour, and I think it best you should attend here } T ourself as soon as possible — where you will receive help from the military by General Washington's order, to take wheat or any other necessary for the army from such persons as have it to spare without distressing their families. General Washington will be here about noon. Forty Waldeckers were brought in yesterday by the militia. The killed, wounded and prisoners of the enemy at Princeton were about fiOO ; our loss of men was about ten or twelve, and of officers six or eight, among which was General Mercer. From yours dutifully, M. Ogden." "To llobert Ogden, Esq., Sussex." The forty Waldeckers were the Germans, so called from AVal- deck, whence they were brought, captured January 5th, two days after the battle of Princeton, by Colonel Oliver Spencer, a son-in- law of Robert Ogden, near Springfield, N". J. For his gallantry EAKLY SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. 51 on this occasion, Spencer was rewarded with the command of a regular regiment. Washington writing to Congress on the 7th of January, says : " The most considerable skirmish was on Sunday morning 1 5th | when eight or ten Waldeckers were killed or wounded, and the remainder of the party, thirty-nine or forty, made prisoners, with the officers, by a force not superior in number and without receiving the least damage." One of Robert Ogdeirs descendants wrote : " My grand- father and his wife, Pliebe Hatfield, lived on the rising ground toward the Snufftown mountain. He owned a great deal of land estate in this vicinity and some of ' Drowned Lands' of Wantage. There were no sawmills in the country when he emigrated from Elizabethtown. The house was built entirely of squared logs. I have often been in the house, but before my advent it was hand- somely covered with weather-boards, and w r ainscoted and plastered within. The house was a large one, with a hall running through the centre. Four rooms were on a floor and a very large kitchen. My great-grandmother and her sister, Bettie Hatfield, made this house and its surroundings very beautiful. There was a large lawn and garden. Around the lawn were set rose-bushes, lilacs and syrin- gas in regular order. The whole country was at that time a dense forest. A clergyman who was a guest of the family when some of the ornamental plants were in bloom exclaimed, ' Mrs. Ogden, you have made the wilderness to blossom as the rose.' " It was this house that was assailed by the gang of robbers- (called cowboys) ; and its ample cellars afforded them refreshment and booty. The leader of the gang was Claudius Smith, who confessed to participation in the robbery when under the gallows at Goshen, N. Y., where he suffered for his numerous crimes January 22d, 1779. It was a very cold night. A colored girl said that as she was milking, she saw a man raise his head from behind a log not far from the house. But the family were not alarmed, as there were guards at a station two miles away, and they thought themselves safe from the Tories. The miscreants robbed the house of all the silver, but were disappointed in not rinding the large sum of money which Judge Ogden was sup- 52 IIARDYSTON MEMORIAL. posed to have received for purchasing provisions for the Conti- nental army. They drank freely of some whiskey kept in the cellar, were thrown off their guard, and found that they were recognized. One man said, " Judge, I have had many a good meal in your house before this." When they had ransacked everything and collected their booty, they took him, with the big family Bible, down into the cellar, and threatened to kill him if he did not take a solemn oath never to divulge who they were, or seek their punishment. Mrs. Ogden shrieked, thinking they were going to murder him. The alarm was sounded next morning by one of the negro boys, who hid himself in the swamp all night, and on going out informed the guards. The troops with the neighbors gave chase. They tracked the men in the snow, and saw where they had cooked and slept and thrown away some blankets. A silver sugar bowl which had been dropped was found. This is still in the possession of one of Mr. Ogdeirs descendants, a lady of the Oliver Spencer family, living in Ohio. More of the hidden plunder was afterwards recovered, but the Judge so regarded his oath that he refused to authorize any proceedings against his spoilers. lie had his house barricaded, and was not afterwards disturbed. According to the date upon the chimney, this house was built in 1TTT, in the spring and summer after Mr. Ogden's removal here. It was destroyed by fire in 1845. Here we find the germ of the Sparta Church. The record of legal organization at the County Clerk's office styles it, "the dwelling house of Rob. Ogden, Esq., the present and most usual place of meeting of said congregation." Here its owner and his pious wife would gather their tenants and neighbors for divine worship, he himself leading the services on the Sabbath when no clergyman was present. The New Jersey Legislature on March 10, 17SG, passed an act for the incorporation of religious societies. This church was the first to avail itself of the new law, and, asso- ciated with the congregation of Cary's Meeting House, they as- sumed the name of "The First Presbyterian Church in Ilardyston," November 23d, 17S6. Steps had been previously taken towards the erection of a meeting house. Snow was on the ground in EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. 53 the spring of 17S6, when the first timber was cut. Judge Ogden died January 21st, 1787, in his 71st year. Before the completion of the new meeting house, he was laid to rest a little in its rear. Before his removal to Sussex he had long been an Elder in the Elizabethtown church, and was a mem- ber of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, 1763 and 1766. II is lands extended from the head of the Wallkill to Franklin Furnace, with large tracts of mountain land. Ogden Mine was worked in 1762, and named for him. The zinc mines were opened long after his death, u-pon lands once his. lie owned por- tions of the Wallkill Drowned Lands. The turnpike bridge across the Wallkill, a mile and a half north of Hamburg, has always been called " Ogden's Bridge." Mrs. Phebe Ogden survived her husband and died December 22, 1796. Ifer remains were buried beside his in the Sparta church varcl. From History of the Cliosophic Society. Memoir of Robert Ogden. By the Hon. Daniel Haines, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey. Robert Ogden, Jr., one of the founders of the Cliosophic So- ciety, was the great-grandson of Jonathan Ogden, who was one of the original associates of the " Elizabethtown purchase," and who died in 1732, at the age of eighty-six. Of his grandfather, Robert Ogden, but little is known by the present generation, except that he was one of a long line of pious ancestry. His father, Robert Ogden, Sr., resided at the old borough of Elizabeth, 1ST. J., and filled with ability and fidelity, several offices of honor and trust ; among others, that of Surrogate for the Coun- ty of Essex. He was one of the King's counsellors, and for sev- eral years speaker of the House of Assembly. During the war of the Revolution, he was one of the three who composed the Patriots' Committee of Vigilance for the town. During the struggle, he retired to Sparta, in the County of Sussex, where he continued a life of usefulness, to both church and state, until the year 1787, when he died, at the full age of three score years and ten. a4 IIABDYSTON MEMORIAL. Robert Ogden, Jr., was born at Elizabethtown, on the 23d of March, 1746. He entered the college of New Jersey at the age of sixteen, and graduated in 1TG5, at the age of nineteen years. While a member of College, he united with William Patterson, Luther Martin, Oliver Ellsworth and Tapping Reeve, in the for- mation of the Cliosophic Society, then known by the name of the " Weil-Meaning Society." lie chose the profession of the law, and pursued his prepara- tory course under the direction of that distinguished jurist and eminent statesman, Richard Stockton, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Having completed his term of clerkship, Mr. Ogden was ad- mitted to the bar, and received " a license to practice law in all the courts of New Jersey, on the 21st June, 1770." In April, 1772, Governor Franklin showed his confidence in his ability and integrity by appointing him " One of the Surro- gates of New Jersey, in the room and stead of his father Robert Ogden, Senior, resigned." lie opened his law office at Elizabethtown, and soon acquired an extensive and lucrative practice, and the name par excellence of the " Honest Lawyer." In such esteem was he held that, within ten years after his admission to the bar, he was called to the degree of Sergeant-at-Law, then held by twelve only of the most learned and upright counsellors. During the war with Great Britain he took an active and efficient part, and by his energy and means contributed much to the establishment of American independence. In patriotism and valor he was not surpassed even by his brother, General Matthias Ogden, who was wounded at the storming of the heights of Quebec, and subsequently distinguished for military skill and per- sonal daring in many battle-fields of the Revolution. But Prov- idence denied to him the honors of the field. His right arm hav- ing been disabled by a fall in childhood, he could neither wield a sword nor handle a musket, but he rendered good service in the capacity of Quartermaster and Commissary of stores. He gave his time and his talents, spent his mone} r and pledged his credit freely to supply the suffering army of Washington with subsist- ence, clothing, horses, and transportation. His readiness and abil- ity to do this will be shown by the following incident: His brother, Captain Aaron Ogden, afterwards Colonel, and Governor of New Jersey, one of the aides-de-camp of General Lafayette, was summoned to the tent of that distinguished and beloved patriot and friend of American liberty. On his appearing at the tent, the Marquis said, " Captain Ogden, have you a good horse ? " EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIK FAMILIES. 55 " No, sir," replied the Captain, " but my brother Robert has." "Get one," said the commander, "and select twenty-rive men as escort. Let them be well mounted, and equipped in the best manner, and report to me at twelve o'clock, for a delicate and im- portant service." At the hour named, Captain Ogden, with the escort, appeared mounted and equipped as ordered. He was then instructed to bear a flag of truce to the British officer in command at Paulus Hook, with the verbal message to Sir Henry Clinton, whose headquarters were in the city of New York, proposing to exchange Major Andre for the traitor Arnold. This proposition, as is well known, was rejected ; but the gallant Captain who bore it, and the Commissary who furnished the horses and equipments, then so important in the impoverished condition of the country, alike received the commendations of Lafayette and Washington. After the establishment of American independence, Mr. Ogden resumed his profession at Elizabeth, and practiced law with great success, until the state of his health required his removal to a place beyond the influence of the sea air ; and he retired to a farm in Sussex, [spring of 1786] which on the death of his father descended to him. There he lived in dignity, but not in idleness. There he increased the fertility of the soil, and cultivated the graces of the head and of the heart. There he acted the part of a wise counsellor, and of a warm and an efficient friend. There lie became a ruling elder, and one of the chief supporters of the Sparta Chm-ch ; representing it in nearly every church judicatory, and being almost a standing commissioner to the General Assem- bly. Having no ambition for political distinction, he declined all public offices. And, except in the representation of the county in the State Legislature, on one or more occasions, he adhered to the maxim, " The post of honor is the private station." At the close of his life, not forgetting his Alma Mater, he left a legacy to the college of New Jersey, which was more than a tenth part of the residuum of his estate, reduced in value as it was by great and general commercial depression. The last year of his life he spent with one of his daughters | Mrs. Mary Haines] at Hamburg, in the county of Sussex, and died on the 14th of February, 1826, a few days before the com- pletion of his eightieth year, in the Lawrence house. Mr. Ogden was a fine scholar, and kept up his classical read- ing, and w T as delighted with the exercise, now so generally in dis- use, of capping verses of Greek and Latin poetry ; a pleasure, however, in which in the later part of his life, he could seldom indulge for the want of a competitor. 56 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. His taste for English literature was also marked, and his let- ters and all his writings exhibit much strength of thought, and are decidedly Addisonian in style. To the close of his life he was of a most cheerful temper, and a delightful and instructive companion. He especially enjoyed the society of the young and made them seek and enjoy his. He reared a large family of children and left a very numerous posterity, who have moved in various spheres in different sections of our Country ; many of them eminently suc- cessful in public and private life ; and many now walking in the pious steps of their ancestors, realizing the truth of the promise, k ' I will be a God unto thee and to thy seed after thee." Mr. Ogden's pay for subsistence furnished the army was much of it in Continental money (worthless at the end of the war), which was kept in an old trunk in a garret until finally scattered and lost. His house in Sussex Co. is still standing. It was built by Mr. Iloagland. When asthma drove him from the sea-board, he relinquished to his brother Aaron a fine law practice. They exchanged properties, and he received lands in Sussex county, for others in Elizabethtown and vicinity. His final re- moval to Sussex was near the spring of 1786. A deed from his father, Ilobert Ogden, Sr., conveys ten acres of land for the con- sideration of £250 proclamation money of New Jersey. The de- scription says : " All that Messuage, Tenement & Tract of Land on which the said Ilobert Ogden Junior now lives, Beginning at a stake on the west side of the Koad leading to the New Meeting House." In the fall of 1776 he was obliged to remove his family to Morristown for safety from the raids of the British troops and Tories who came over from Staten Island. In 1777 he took them to Turkey, now New Providence, in Union county, where he resided until near the close of the war. His first wife was Sarah Piatt, daughter of Ebenezer Piatt, of Huntington, L. I. Their children were Elizabeth Piatt, wife of Colonel Joseph Jackson, of Kockaway ; Ilobert Ogden 1th, who removed to New Orleans, a lawyer of distinction and Judge of the Supreme Court of Louisi- ana ; Mary, wife of Elias Haines ; Jeremiah, drowned in Elizabethtown creek, and Sarah Piatt, wife of Cornelius Dubois, of New York. Mrs. Oaden died two hours after the birth of this EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. 57 child. Mr. (Jo-den was about to try a case before the court in Newark when a messenger came with the sad announcement, and he fainted in the court room. His second wife was Hannah Piatt, sister of his first wife. Their children were Rebecca Wood Piatt, who married Doctor Samuel Fowler, of Franklin Furnace ; Han- nah Amelia Jarvis, wife of Thomas C. Ryerson, Judge of the Supreme Court, of Hamburg, and afterwards of Newton ; Phebe Henrietta Maria, 2d wife of Judge Thomas C. Ryerson ; Zophar Piatt ; William Henry Augustus, and John Adams. One of his latest gifts to the Sparta church was the silver communion set, presented just before his removal, in May, 1821, to Franklin, where he made his home with his son-in-law, Dr. Fowler, until his grandson, Daniel Haines, came to Hamburg with his widowed mother, Mary Haines, when he went to live with them. He had been au Elder of the church for forty years. General Matthias Ogden, son of Robert 2d, born Oct. ^2d, 1754, inherited his father's Elizabethtown residence which he made his home. He was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the First Regiment New Jersey Line, December, 17T5 ; was wounded in storming the Heights of Quebec, December 31st of the same year ; distinguished throughout the war, and made Brigadeir Gen- eral by brevet. He was cut down in the prime of life, and amid prevailing lamentation was buried with every token of honor and affection. His tomb is in the Elizabethtown church yard, and reads : " Sacred to the memory of General Matthias Ogden, who died on the 31st day of March, 1791, aged 36 years. In him were united those various virtues of the soldier, the patriot, and the friend, which endear men to society. Distress failed not to find relief in his bounty ; unfortunate men, a refuge in his generosity. If manly sense and dignity of mind, If social virtues liberal and refined, Nipp'd in their bloom, deserve compassion's tear. Then, reader, weep ; for Ogden's dust lies here. Weed his grave clean, ye men of genius, for he was your kinsman. Tread lightly on his ashes, ye men of feeling, for he was your brother." Aaron Ogden, son of Robert Ogden 2d, was born Dec. 3d 58 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. 1756. lie was carefully educated, graduating at Princeton Col- lege in 1773, in his seventeenth year. In the winter of 1775 he joined a volunteer corps at Elizabethtown, and was one of the party who captured a transport lying off Sandy Hook. The men embarked in shallops and row boats, boarded the ship and made her their prize. She proved to be the Blue Mountain Valley, of three hundred tons, loaded with coal, flour and live stock for the British troops at Boston. A resolution of Congress commended this exploit. Ogden joined the regiment, commanded by his brother Mat- thias, and actively participated in the battle of Brandywine. At Monmouth he was Brigade Major and acted as Aide to Lord Stir- ling. By Washington's personal direction, at the most critical moment of the day, he rode forward to reconnoiter, and from his report, Washington ordered the advance which determined the action. In the charge made and the pursuit of the enemy, he bore a conspicuous part. When night came on, instead of sleeping he wrote a tender, filial letter to his father, detailing the incidents of the day. We may mention his heroism at Springfield, when his horse was shot under him ; and his saving of Maxwell's Brigade, when a large British force from New York came over by Staten Island to destroy it. lie gave timely notice to the threatened command, but was severely wounded in the breast from a bayonet stab by a British sentinal. In 1779, he took part in the expedi- tion of General John Sullivan against the hostile Indians. Soon after he was appointed Captain of a company of Light Infantry in the corps of Lafayette. He was with Lafayette in Virginia and covered his retreat, when the young Marquis had nearly fallen into the grasp of Lord Cornwallis. He was commended by Gen- eral Washington for " having with his company gallantly stormed the left redoubt of the enemy," at Yorktown. A warm friend- ship grew up between him and Lafayette ; and upon the latter's visit to America long afterwards, he gave honorable mention of his esteem for Ogden and his services. When dismissed from the army with the other officers at Newburg, he resolved to study law, and carried out this reso- lution by coming to Sussex, and spending the winter at his father's EARLY SETTLERS AM) THEIR FAMILIES. 59 house in Ogdensburg, where he devoted his time assiduously to Blackstone. He was licensed as an attorney in September, 1784, the regular period of study, no doubt, being shortened in consid- eration of his military services, and he was received upon his examination. He was afterwards admitted a counsellor, and in 1794 made Sergeant-at-Law. In 1797, he was appointed Colonel of the 15th U. S. Regiment, when war with France was contem- plated. He was chosen U. S. Senator in 1801, for two years, fill- ing an unexpired term. In 1812, the Federal party, having the ascendency in the State, the Legislature chose him Governor. While in this office, President Madison nominated him as a Major- General, with the intention of giving him the command of the forces operating against Canada, and his nomination was unani- mously confirmed by the Senate. With reluctance he declined this high honor, thinking that his obligation to the party which elected him precluded him from acceptance. AVith great modesty he expressed his opinion that he could serve the national cause better as Governor of New Jersey than as a general on the field. He engaged in the building and running of steamboats, and sunk much of his means in the business and in contentions with rivals. In 1829, he removed to Jersey City, and in the winter of that year was arrested for debt in New York city and thrown into the old Provo6t prison, which still stands in the City Hall Park, and is now called the Hall of Records. Esteeming the debt unjust and his imprisonment a wrong, he declined the offer of friends to settle the claim. The story of his arrest was carried to Albany, where a law was passed forbidding imprisonment for debt of a Revolutionary soldier and directing his immediate release. So the trusted Aide of Washington, the companion of Lafayette, and President of the Society of Cincinnati, had the prison doors opened for him. Congress gave him a pension, and created for him the position of Custom House officer at Jersey City. The State of New Jersey donated lands to him along the river shore, which proved of no great profit then, but in recent years these have risen to immense value. He died at Jersey City in 1839, at the age of eight}*-three. Elias Ogden, the youngest son surviving childhood of Robert 60 IIAEDYSTON MEMORIAL. 2d, born November 9th, 17G3, inherited his father's homestead. He was a man of great business capacity, carried on farming ex- tensively, and engaged in the manufacture of iron. His forge was located upon the Wallkill, two miles above Franklin Furnace, and he brought his ore from the Ogden mine upon the moun- tain. He died at the Haines house, in Hamburg, while on a visit to Mr. Sharp, March 31st, 1805. His wife died shortly after, and his family of young children were left to the care of their relatives. His son, Matthias Hatfield Ogden, was an Elder in Sparta Church, and removed to Hamburg in 1832. He was clerk for the Hamburg Manufacturing Company, and lost largely by their failure. He was Justice of the Peace, and a use- ful citizen. He had talent for singing, gave the young people in- struction in vocal music, and led the choir in the Presbyterian meetings at the North Church and Hamburg. His home was the house which the late Dr. William II. Linn purchased and remod- eled. "While living here he lost several of his children by small- pox, which the elder son had contracted when a clerk in New York city. He lived to a good age, 77 years, dying in Wisconsin whither he had removed, January 8th, 1870. William Anderson, another son of Elias Ogden, continued to live in the homestead after his father's death. Henry Warren, son of Elias Ogden, was Captain in the Navy, and highly distinguished for bravery and seamanship. Thomas Anderson, youngest son of Elias Ogden, was a Presbyterian minister : graduated at Princeton College 1 s 21, and Princeton Theological Seminary. A portion of Ster- ling Hill, where are the richest zinc mines, fell to his inheritance. His father's executor sold it for five dollars per acre, that he might meet the expenses of his education. The value of the mines was not then appreciated. He was licensed by Presbytery which met in Hamburg Church ; became pastor at Abingdon,Va., and after- wards at Halafax, Ya. ; was missionary in Mississippi for many years, and died at Elizabeth. Southampton, Long Island, was settled by men of Plymouth Colony, Mass. Governor Winthrop, in his journal, states that about forty families, finding themselves straightened, left the town of Lynn, with the design of settling a new plantation. They in- KAKI.Y SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. 61 vited Rev. Abraham Pierson, of Boston, to be their minister. The Dutch had claimed Long Island and made their settlements on its western end. In 1636, King Charles I, regardless of the Dutch claims, gave to William Alexander, Earl of Stirling, a patent for Long Island, and the islands adjacent. The Earl gave a power of attorney to James Farrel to dispose of his lands on Long Island. The Lynn colony was formed, and an agreement was made with Farrel, dated April 17th, 1640, for eight square miles of land to be located in any part of Long Island, and the amount to be paid to the Earl was to be fixed by Governor John Win- throp, of Mass. In consideration that the country was a wilder- ness, and that the Indians pretended to have some claims to their native soil, four bushels of Indian corn, to be paid annually at Southampton on the last day of September, were considered suffi- cient to liquidate the debt. Captain Daniel How carried the col- onists to their place of destination in his vessel, and the settle- ment at Southampton was effected in June, 1640. An amicable arrangement was made with the Indians, and their rights in the eight miles square of land were purchased for sixteen coats, and three score bushels of Indian corn, with an agreement to defend the Indians from the violence of other tribes. The colonists had not long since emigrated from England. The}' were young men, some of them from Northampton, others from Buckinghamshire and Lincolnshire ; but the majority com- ing from Southampton, they gave this name to the new town. Men of sterling worth and of the best class of English settlers, they formed their church organization before leaving Lynn, and erected their house of worship the second year of their settlement at Southampton. Young Benjamin Haines was among the first arrivals from Lynn to Southampton, and is named in the original list of set- tlers. He had recently emigrated from England, and married Johanna, daughter of John Jennings, at Southold. His third son was James, born 1662, and died 1721, whose grave is in the "Hay ground yard," at Bridgehampton. Benjamin's grandson, Stephen Haines 1st, born 1704, removed in 1725 to Elizabeth- town, where his son, Stephen Haines 2d, was born in 1733. 62 IIAEDYST0N MEMORIAL. Stephen Haines 2d, by his patriotic efforts, rendered him- self very obnoxious to the British, who, after the battle of Long Island, held New York and Staten Island. From the latter place boats filled with armed men would come over to make raids upon the Jersey inhabitants. One night when Stephen Haines and his wife were asleep in their bedroom on the ground floor of their dwelling, they were awakened by the tramp of horses outside. English troops, guided by tories, who knew the place well, had come over for his apprehension, lie sprang from his bed to the window, but only to find it guarded by a sentinal. He passed through another room to the kitchen, thinking to escape by that door. It also was guarded, as well as every window. There was a back kitchen with rather an obscure door, and by that he made his way to the open air. On the west of the house was a corn field, with the dry stalks standing. He sought to gain this hiding- place, but was discovered as he was about to spring over the fence, and a man rushed upon him with a bayonet crying, " Surrender, or die ! " He was taken prisoner and marched off barefoot and in his night clothes. He had three miles to walk in this way, and was then sent fifteen miles by water to New York where he was imprisoned in the dreadful pen the British had made of the old sugar house, which stood in Nassau street. The hardships he endured were very great, but he survived, while many died. He was captured in the fall of the year, and was not released until after the battle of Monmouth, June, 1778, when the numerous captures by Washington made the British glad to effect an ex- change of prisoners. Stephen 2d's oldest son, Job Haines, was twenty years old when the war broke out. He was a private among the " Jersey Blues," but was detailed to transport merchandise from Philadel- phia. It was a great task to bring a loaded wagon at that time from such a distance. He had just arrived from one of his toil- some trips and was asleep in his own bedroom, when the house was surrounded. Some informer had notified the British of his return. His only sister, Joanna, had been extremely wakeful since her father's capture, and hearing the tramp of horsemen, sprang to her brother's door, awakened him, and hurried him into EARLY SETTLERS \X\) THEIK FAMILIES. 63 a smoke closet connected with the kitchen chimney, where the family meats were cured. She locked the door and took the key. Pretending to be asleep, she did not rise until the troopers poured into the house, and then was a long time finding a light. At their order she took them through the house, opening every other door but the one to the smoke closet. They showed much disappoint- ment, and went away cursing the Tory who had lied to them. The second son, Elias Haines, was at that time eleven years old ; but, boy as he was, he soon had a man's responsibility in the care of their house and cattle. Their horses were stolen, and only an ox team was left. Pickets were stationed in the vicinity of Elizabethtown to warn the people of the coming of their oppres- sors. "Whenever the warning gun was heard, it was Elias's duty to put the oxen to the sled, and with the remaining members of the family and some of their goods, to start through the back lane to reach a small retired house they owned at "Sodom,' 1 where they could be concealed until the invaders were gone. Elias became a merchant in New York, and had business transactions which frequently brought him to this county, where he was well known. He supplied the early stores with many of their goods, and dealt with the iron men. He sometimes visited the house of Robert Ogden 3d, and, in 1800, married his second daughter, Mary. Their house stood fronting the Battery, in New York, near what is now the corner of White Hall and South streets. With partners, he formed the design of a settlement in Florida, and obtained from the Spanish authorities the " Aredondo Grant." He spent much time and money in the enterprise, but the breaking out of the Seminole war drove off the settlers, and after the territory came into the possession of the United States, the Government refused to re-establish them in their rights, or recognize the grant given by the Spanish authorities. Elias died October 11th, 1824, at Elizabethtown. Incident given by the late Mrs. Henry T. Darrah : " Miss Joanna Haines was my father's sister, and was an only daughter in a family of four brothers, Job, Elias, Stephen and Daniel. Joanna grew up a beautiful } T oung girl, with clearly cut features, a fine blue eye, transparent complexion with the blush of the rose on each cheek. My aunt, being an only daugh- 64 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. ter, was indulged in a dainty wardrobe. Many of her dresses had been imported by special order from England. She wore high heeled shoes, which were made to her measure in London, » I have myself seen some of the relics. Her great band box, which fastened with a lock and key, had brought across the ocean her beaver hat, trimmed with gold lace and black ostrich feathers. " One day a party of Hessians rode up to the house, went into the kitchen, the pantry, and cellars, and finding edibles to satisfy their voracious appetites, they searched for booty to carry off. They went into my aunt's room, ransacked her bureaus, went through her ' chest of drawers,' took the sheets from the bed, and r>iled in all they could carry away or make of most advantage to themselves. She followed them from room to room, remonstrating, pleading and begging for her treasures. Two of the men took each a huge pack upon his back, and when they had reached the front door, up rode to the verandah a fine looking British officer. The young girl went to the front of the piazza and, with the loquacity of a woman, and the eloquence of an injured person, told her trouble. He smiled and said ' you shall have all your goods back again if you will grant me a favor. I want you to give me one kiss with your lips, and let me imprint a kiss upon your beautiful cheek.' Her modest} 7 and maidenly nature rebelled ; but she cast her eye on the two huge bundles, thought of the immensity of her loss, lifted her blushing face to the English officer's and sealed the compact. He immediately reprimanded the marauders in their own language, made them return the articles and bade them never to enter that house again/ 1 Mary, the daughter of Robert Ogden 3d, and wife of Elias Haines, was born July 3d, 1778, at Turkey, now New Providence, in Union County, N. J. After the battle of Long Island and the occupation of New York by the British, the horrors of war became so alarming that all of the residents of Elizabeth town who could do so removed their families to a safe place. Her father first went to Morristown and later to Turkey. The war of the Revolution came to an end April 19th, 1783, and Mr. Ogden returned to Elizabethtown, but came to Hardyston to live, in 1786. The youth of his daughter Man- was spent at Ogdensburg. After her marriage, she made long- visits to her father's house with her children, often accompanying her husband on his business trips. After her husband's death, she came to Hamburg to reside with her son, who lived in the old EARLY SETTLERS AND Til KIR FAMILIES. 65 Lawrence mansion. She united with the North Church of Hardyston, January 21st. 1827, and continued her membership in it until her death, which occurred in New York city, May 5th, 1852. Of earnest piety, she was a most useful woman. By her conversation, and the gifts of books and tracts, she led many to ( in-ist. Beloved by all who knew her, few could come within the circle of her influence, without recognizing the power of religion as exemplified in her life and character. Daniel Haines was born in New York city, January 6th, 1801, and died January 26th, 1877. His father was Elias Haines, and his mother was Mary, daughter of Robert Ogden. He grad- uated at Princeton, in 1S20, studied law with Judge Thomas C. Ryerson, and was made Attorney, in 1823, Counsellor, in 1S26, and Sergeant-at-Law, in 1S27, being one of the latest to receive this distinction. He settled at Hamburg, in 1824, and soon gained a lucrative practice. He married, in 1827, Ann Maria Austin, daughter of Alanson Austin, Esq., of Warwick, N. Y. who died December 8th, 1844. He married again, in 1865, Mary Townsend, of Newark, N. J. He had belonged to the Federalist party, but espousing the cause of General Jackson, carried for him the solid vote of his township. He entered public life as a member of the Council, (now called Senate), and in 1889 and 1840 took an active part in what was known as the Broad Seal War. He opposed the proceedings of the Governor and the majority of the Legislature, and bore the principal part of the discussion against them. In 1843, his party having a majority in the Legislature, he was chosen Governor and Chancellor for the usual term of one year, but continued in office for a number of months longer until his successor was installed. His efforts in behalf of education, and a new Con- stitution have left their impress in the t State Normal School, first proposed by him ; and the present Constitution of the State, which he advocated, and as a Commissioner assisted in making. His decisions gave general satisfaction, and are recorded in Green's Chancery Reports. He declined the nomination under the new Constitution, because it would violate its spirit, as he was Governor when it was adopted, and one of its provisions 6ti HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. was that thereafter no Governor should be re-elected to a successive term. In 1847 he was re-nominated and elected; by the weight of his character re-instating his party. In 1852, he was placed upon the Bench of the Supreme Court, and served for two successive terms of seven years each. His circuit included Newark and Elizabeth. Later in life he was placed by both parties upon judicial commissions relative to State bound- aries and the municipal affairs of Jersey City and Paterson, his great probity, judicial fairness and ability gave entire satis- faction. He was thoroughly in sympathy with the Union cause. One son, Captain Thomas R. Haines, laid down his life on his country's altar. The other son became Chaplain and served three years. A son-in-law, Major Frank H. Tucker, also served in the army. Judge Haines was otherwise very active, both in securing victory while the war continued, and after it was over in healing the wounds it had caused. He became a member of the North Hardyston Church in 1831 ; was made an Elder in 1837, and was often sent by the Rockaway Presbytery to represent it in the New School General Assembly. He was one of the committee for the re-union of the two branches of the church, and several times, at critical junctures, saved that project from defeat. He was con- nected with the establishment of the Asylum at Trenton ; the Home for Disabled Soldiers at Newark ; the Reform School for Juvenile Delinquents; the National Prison Reform Congress at Cincinnati, and one of the Commissioners to organize an Inter- national Congress on Discipline and Reform, which met in London. He was made Vice-President, and presided over some of its sessions in Middle Temple Hall. While abroad he received marked attention from English Judges, and other distin- guished men, of different countries. He was the oldest Trustee of Princeton College at the time of his death, having been first appointed in 1844, resigned when made Governor in 1817, and re-chosen in 1850. One of the foremost of New Jersey Jurists wrote as follows : " What a beautiful exemplification of the Christian gentle- man he was ! EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIR FAMILIES. 67 u As a Judge he was unequalled in personal influence. His reputation for purity and integrity was such that juries followed his opinion whenever they could discern them. Had it not been that his common sense made him almost always right, his very excellence of character might have worked occasional wrong." "The consolation of his family can be partially found in the sense of the estimate which all good people have of the lifetime and beauty of his character.'" His remains were borne to their last resting place by a large concourse of friends. Impressive addresses were delivered by Rev. Dr. Stearns and Dr. Craven of Newark, giving very just tributes to the memory of the deceased. Rev. Dr. Fair- child, venerable in age and appearance, once Judge Haines' pastor at Hamburg, closed the services. Governor Bedle issued an order that the National flags on the State buildings should be displayed at half-mast, and at 2 o'clock on Tuesday the day of the funeral a salute be fired at Trenton. Dr. Irseneus Prime spoke of him in the New York Observer : " It has been our pleasure to enjoy the personal acquaintance of Gov. Haines for a long term of years, and to be often associa- ted with him in philanthropic labors. Of a remarkably quiet, gentle and devout spirit, modest and unobtrusive always, yet firm, patient and persistent in well-doing, he was upright and efficient in every public and private relation. A man of God, hating covetousness, a magistrate above reproach or suspicion, an Elder ruling well in the Presbyterian Church, he adorned every station to which he was called, and by his just, generous and kindly man- ner, won the regard and respect of all who came into contact with him. He had recently been appointed a delegate to the Presby- terian Alliance to meet in Edinburg, Scotland, next July, but he declined on account of the state of his health. He had filled the measure of his days with usefulness and honor, but we need such men more and more as their places are made vacant." The Presbyterian Encyclopaedia says of him : •' Useful and honored as Judge Haines was in political life, lie was even more useful and greatly beloved as a pious man. He was a man of prayer and constant study of the Divine word. He was very conscientious in the observance of the Sabbath, and had an ardent desire for the conversion of souls. During all the years of his public life he continued to take an active part in the prayer meeting. When he was Governor, a physician of Trenton re- 08 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. marked : ' I have seen a strange sight to-day — the Governor of this State go into the room of a man, a stranger, and kneeling at his bedside pray for his salvation.' . ; ' Governor Haines had great influence in private conversa- tion, and thereby led many to the Saviour, some of them mem- bers of the Bar of New Jersey. < )n his last Sabbath afternoon he made a list of families and persons to be prayed for and visited that week. He was a Sabbath School Superintendent for nearly half a century, and generally taught a Bible class. For forty years he made the offer of a copy of the Bible, or of some stand- ard religious work, to every scholar committing to memory the Assembly's Shorter Catechism. About the year 1837 he was en- gaged in a Sunday School work near his home, where, upon a mountain, men, women and children from the charcoal burners were gathered in a log house for religious instruction. The last Sabbath of his life he superintended his Sabbath School, taught his class and attended public services twice. He proposed to con- duct a meeting in a private house on the last evening of his life, but before the hour came he was stricken with death. Thus he brought forth fruit in old age, passing away in the still, calm beautv bv which his life had been adorned." CHAPTER IV. TIME OF THE REVOLUTION. The name Wattkill was given to our river by the Dutch set- tlers at its mouth, near Esopus,or Kingston, who called it after the River Waal, in Holland, from which they had come. The Indians named the part above the Drowned Lands Tivisch-saiv-hin Creek. It is so marked on the map drawn from the survey made in 1769, by order of the commissioners appointed to settle the partition line between the Provinces of New York and New Jersey. This is probably the same name as JVis-au-Jcin, said to mean River of Grapes. The earliest bridge across the upper Wallkill, at Hamburg, was in the bend at the mouth of the little brook from the cream- ery and over the island. The foundation of this bridge may still be seen, as well as the lines of road approaching it. A later bridge was erected a little farther up the stream, just above the big rock on the Haines farm. The stones of the abutments of this bridge still remain, as well as some of the timbers which formed the pier under the water. From the bridge the road led past the poplar tree which marks the site of one of the three houses which stood in the meadow. The last house was standing as late as 1822, and in one of the three lived John Elridge, the grand- father of Peter Yatman, and in another, Jonathan Sharp, the great-grandfather of Doctor Jackson B. Pellet. The road passed the old houses, and by the Shee and Lawrence store and dwellings. From the bridge in the opposite direction a road went up the hill to Sharp's store, where it crooked to pass in front of the stone mill location, where two or three houses once stood ; and thence by the Odell house on to Ford's, and to the Windfield log house at the foot of the mountain. 70 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. The State road from Newburg led past the Indian camp to the Walling house, turned by the Indian burying ground, and passing down the hill crossed the kill by the bridge. A more direct road was made, about 1795, from the Walling house to the one coming up from the kill to Sharp's store, and it ran through the creamery garden, before the house itself was built The Indian Burying Ground covered the flat formerly in the rear of the Margerum house and the store of Robert A. Linn. Here for years stone implements were dug up and numerous skel- etons. The bones of an Indian, found here when gravel was taken for the public road, were in the pessession of Dr. L'Hom- medien. The construction of the Midland Railroad unearthed many bones. Among them, those of a Sachem, buried with beads and a silver medal and silver bell. The site of the Indian Camp is marked by a great ring of ashes upon which the wigwams once stood with their fires. The circle of ashes extended over the lots of the late Dr. William H. Linn and Peter Yatman. It is less distinct than in former years from the cultivation and frequent plowing of the ground. The attraction for the camp was the fine spring of water in the rear of the lots. Evidence of the Indian occupation was once abun- dant in the large number of worked flints and the charred and broken bones of animals found in the ash heaps. The bones seemed to indicate a comparatively recent occupation. Along the road, in the same field with the Indian burying ground, stood the Barracks or block-house, which was garrisoned at times during the Revolutionary war, and was the place of rendezvous , for the Second Regiment of Sussex Militia. The garrison was necessary to keep in awe the Tory sympathizers with the British, and to prevent the marauding parties of freebooters from making their incursions. The Second Regiment of Sussex Militia was mainly raised in Ilardyston, and as most of the officers and men were from this vicinity it is deserving of especial mention. The following is the roster of its Field and Staff* officers : Ephraim Martin, Colonel, lived at Sparta, John Seward, Captain, Lt.-Colonel, Colonel, at Snufftown, REVOLUTIONARY TIMES. 71 Daniel Harker, Lt.-Colonel, at Upper Hamburg, James Broderick, Captain, First Major, near Sparta, Samuel Meeker, Captain, Second Major, near Ogdensburg, Joseph Linn, Adjutant, near Monroe Corners. Isaac Hull, Quarter Master. Henry Johnson, Quarter Master. Cornelius Baldwin, Surgeon. At one time when the headquarters of the American army were transferred from Morristown to Newburg, a detachment of the Continental army encamped on the meadows of the Haines and Lawrence farms. Tradition says that they remained here thoughout one entire fall. Burgoyne's army surrendered at Saratoga in October, 1777. By the terms of the surrender, the prisoners were to be paroled and sent home by way of Boston. When they had gone as far as Boston, General Howe exhibited considerable duplicity. General Burgoyne hesitated to give the list of the officers and men re- quired, Congress became alarmed, and a resolution was passed that the prisoners should not be released until the British government had given formal agreement to the terms of capitulation. Bur- goyne himself was permitted to return to England on parole, but his officers with their army were marched back to the interior of the country, as far as Pennsylvania, and some went to Virginia. On this march they passed through here under guard. The pris- oners had been as well cared for as circumstances allowed, but their uniforms were ragged and they presented a very shabby ap- pearance. The Hessians were still more dejected looking. They were less cleanly than the English regulars, and seemed without ambition or hope. Some had wives and young children with them, and they formed a miserable and motley crew. They were very willing to abandon the profession of arms and settle in any place where they might live in quiet. Colonel John Seward, long the commander of the Second Regiment of Sussex Militia, lived near Snufftown on what is now the Margerum property. Col. Seward's father, Obadiah, came from Wales and settled in Somerset county, where his son was born at Lamington, the 23d of May, 1730. John married Mary Swezy, in 1751. They moved to Hardyston and his name appears 72 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. in 1767 as a member of the Board of Chosen Freeholders. A soldier of the Revolution, he was at first a private of Captain M' Mi res' Company in the First Battalion, first establishment of Jersey Line. lie was then Captain of Second Regiment, Sussex troops, promoted Lieutenant-Colonel February 28th, 1777, and later to be Colonel of the same regiment, he did faithful service in resisting the Tories, driving off the marauding bands who 'for a time infested Snufftown Mountain and capturing some of them. His house was barricaded for defence. The sum of £50 was offered by the British for his head ; and he once shot a British spy who was lurking with apparent evil intent in the neighbor- hood of his house. One afternoon in the woods he heard the click of a flint lock, and looked up to see an Indian who had drawn his rifle upon him, but whose weapon failed to go off. He drew his own rifle in an instant and called upon the Indian to surrender The savage vainly sought to dodge among the trees, but was soon made to yield and brought in as a prisoner. Colonel Seward's son, Doctor Samuel Swezy Seward, was born in the house upon the mountain, practiced medicine in Har- dyston and Vernon, and afterwards removed to Florida, Orange Co., X. Y., where his distinguished son, AVilliam Henry Seward, was born in 1801. Doctor Seward was at the time of his death the wealthiest man in Orange county. His son, George Wash- ington Seward, still survives at an advanced age. ( \yptain Joseph Harker had a farm and house near where Samuel Wilson now lives. The foundation of the house is still to be seen near the Wallkill, by which the road formerly ran. He recruited his company in this vicinity and belonged to the Second Sussex Regiment. With a portion of his men he joined the Goshen troops who were going to the Minisink region, and partic- ipated in the battle of July 22d, 1779. He was wounded and some of his men were killed. When he went away from home with his company, Xathaniel Martin, of Wantage, who was then quite a lad, staid at his house to protect his family. Reuben Mosier came to this vicinity when a boy, having, it is said, escaped with his mother from an Indian massacre in which several of his family were slain. He had just grown to manhood REVOLUTIONARY TIMES. (3 when the war of the Revolution broke out, and he joined Captain Joseph Barker's Co. He lived in Red Cedar Hollow in a log house, near the Widow Mitten's. His descendants by his daugh- ters are still living in Hardy ston. Lieut.-Coi.onel Daniel Harker, of the Second Sussex Reg-i- ' CD ment, was supposed to have owned and lived upon the farm in Upper Hamburg, which was known as the Harker farm, but in later years belonged to Peter Fountain. After the Revolution he removed with his brother, Capt. Harker, to Stillwater, where their descendants still live. Henry Winfield was a soldier of the Revolutionary Army and rose to the rank of Lieutenant. He was among the few of a detachment who were surrounded by the British during the retreat after the battle of Long Island, and escaped by swimming a mill pond that was situated about the centre of Williamsburg as it now stands. He was also engaged in a number of battles along the Hudson, and was on duty at West Point for some time. He is thought to have been with General Wayne at the capture of West Point, and his commission as Lieutenant is dated from that time. After the war, he returned and married Mary Rodgers and raised a family of children. He died in 1840 at the age of 87 years, in the house which he built, now occupied by his great- grandson, Henry Winfield Couplin. Henry Winfield's father was one of four brothers who came here from Germany, and he built his house, which was uf logs, near the trout pond on the present Couplin farm. Samuel Edsall came from Reading, Berkshire Co., England, in the ship Tryall, in 1648, landed in Boston, and came to New Amsterdam previous to 1655 when he married his first wife there. His knowledge of the Indian tongues made him highly esteemed as an interpreter and negotiator between the Indians and the Dutch, and the early English settlers in New Jersey. He died soon after 1701. His youngest son, Richard, by his third wife, Ruth Wood- hull, was born about 1682. A surveyor, he resided in Newtown, L. I., then at Hackensack, N. J., and finally in Orange Co., N. Y. Richard's third wife was Hillegonde DeKey, of New York, by 74 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. whom be had live sons and one daughter. Among these were Jacobus and Richard 2d. Jacobus (Dutch for James) born 1724, baptized 1725, in Hackensack D. R. Church, was Captain in the Second Regiment N. J. troops. His wife was Charlotte, a daughter of Colonel Joseph Barton, of Sussex Co. She had a brother, Benjamin Bar- ton, who was arrested by General Sullivan, in August, 1777, charged with having received the appointment of Captain in the British Army. His Edsall relatives became surety for his good behavior, but he broke his parole and went over to the enemy. His family was sent after him to Staten Island within the British lines. Jacobus had four sons, Richard, Jacobus 2d, Benjamin and Joseph. His son, Richard 2d, born 1750, was also a Captain in the Second Sussex Regiment N. J. troops, and Lieutenant in the Jer- sey line of the Continental Army. Father and son participated in the battles of Brandywine and Monmouth and other conflicts of the Revolution. Richard was a land surveyor and lived at English Neighborhood, Bergen Co., when the war began. He married his first wife Polly, eldest daughter of Colonel John Sew- ard, of Snufftown, in 1771. She died soon after and was buried at Warwick, N. Y. His second wife was Jemima Seely, born January 28th, 1702, and died January 1st, 1843. He lived in Vernon, became entirely Wind, and died May 10th, 1S23. Joseph, son of Richard 2d, born in Vernon township July 12th, 17S3, was Quarter-master in the army during the war of 1812, and a member of the Legislature in 1825. He married Sarah DeKay, and died in Vernon April 5th, 1833. He was the father of Richard E. Edsall, of Hamburg. Jaxxibus 2d, commonly called " Coby,". was attached to Cap- tain Iluddy's Co. of artillery, State troops. His brothers, Benja- min and Joseph, were privates in the State troops. Coby lived at Rudeville in a log house near where his grandson, Benjamin II. Edsall, now lives. He received a pension from the Government for his Revolutionary services, and was very bitter in his hatred of the British. He married Mary Simpson, daughter of Henry Simpson 2d, of McAfee Valley. Their children were : Sally, REVOLUTIONARY TIMES. 75 wife of Benjamin Hamilton ; James, Henry, Joseph E., William, George, Richard and Thomas. Jacobus was born 1754, and died 1S39. His wife, Mary Simpson, was born 1760, and died 1851, aged 91 years. The surrender of Burgoyne's Army, at Saratoga, October 1777, had diminished the British forces required for a regular campaign in the year 177S, and it was determined to employ the Indians, and Tories, in carrying on a war of devastation on the frontier. The destruction of the Wyoming settlements was re- solved upon, because so many of the men of this region had early declared against British tyranny, and large numbers of them had volunteered in the Continental Army. The beautiful valley was desolated. The dwellings were burned, and the inhabitants mur- dered, with the exception of those few who were carried into hopeless captivity. The cruelties perpetrated tilled the country with horror. Those who could,fled for their lives,with the loss of all they possessed. Numbers of fugitives came to Hardyston with their sad story, and awakened the sympathy and compassion of our people. One of them was Angustus Hunt, whose son, Rev. liol- loway W. Hunt, became the Presbyterian pastor here, and continued his ministrations for seven years. Among those who fell by the tomahawk was William Marsh, an early settler in Hamburg, and the first minister of the Baptist congre- gation of New Town, Hardys Town and Frankford. The leader in these atrocites was Joseph Brandt, of the Mohawk tribes, who had received a christian education. He was commissioned Colonel by the British, and at the head of a force of Indians and disguised Tories carried fire and bloodshed through our western settlements. In the summer of 1779, Brandt, with his blood thirsty forces, broke into the Minisink region, and committed great ravages, killing the settlers and burning their homes. On the 20th of July, 1779, Colonel Benjamin Tustin, of Goshen, received, by express, tidings of the dreadful occurrences, and summoned the officers of his regiment to rendezvous, the next day, with all the men they could collect. The order was obeyed with alacrity. Major Samuel Meeker and Captain Joseph Harker, of the Jersey Militia, with portions of their commands assembled 76 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. with them. Col. Tustin, with his small force, decided not to pur- sue the enemy, but Major Meeker mounted his horse and shouted, " Let the brave men follow me, cowards may stay at home.'' The disaster of the day is attributed to this rashness of Major Meeker. His words decided the question, and they marched in pursuit, making seventeen miles the first day, and camping on the same ground occupied the night previous by the enemy. Colonel John Hathorn. associated with our village in its early history, here joined with a small additional force, and as the ranking officer, took the command. He approved of Colonel Tustin's caution, and called the officers together to hold a council. Meeker again over- came all prudence by his bold talk, and they marched forward until they fell into the murderous ambush of Brandt. Our men threw themselves into a square as soon as the situation was per- ceived, and fought with great bravery, against overwhelming num- bers advantageously posted. Of the eighty men engaged, forty- four, including Colonel Tustin, were slain. Major Meeker and Captain Harker were severely wounded. Of the fallen, ten or twelve were of the Jersey troops. Among these were Captain Stephen Mead, David Talmage, Nathan Wade and Corporal Eliakim Boss, of Hardy ston. Moses DeWitt, of Wantage, behaved with great bravery and was among the wounded. Lieu- tenant James Patton, of Major Meeker's command, received his discharge, June 8th, 17S0, on account of wounds, probably re- ceived in this battle. Forty-three years after the massacre, the bones of the victims were gathered and buried in the public, square in Goshen, where a monument is inscribed with their names. Colonel Hathorn, then 80 years of age, laid the founda- tion stone, July 22d, 1822. A body of four thousand men, styled the Western Army, was formed, for the purpose of chastizing he Indian Allies of the British. To the command of this force General John Sullivan was appointed in the spring of 17S9 ; and Colonel Fran- cis Barber, son-in-law of Robert Ogden, 2d, was made its Adju- tant General. General Sullivan broke up the Indian settlement along the Susquehannah, and drove the Indians to the Niagara River. In a battle with the savages, August 29th, at Conewawa REVOLUTIONARY TIMES. 77 N. Y., Colonel Barber was wounded in the head, but not so severely as to prevent his appearing soon after, in active service. This gallant officer participated in most of the great battles of the Revolution, and was with Washington, at Newburg, when the Gen- eral announced to his officers the close of the war. A few hours later, he rode near a tree which some soldiers were felling and was instantly killed. He was a man of finished education, a popular officer, and a christian gentleman. Colonel John Rosencrantz, of Walpack, with a regiment of Sussex Militia, accompanied General Sullivan upon this expedi- tion, and was advanced to the command of a brigade. There were four hnndred of the Jersey Militia, and their promptitude was highly commended. At this time, or later in the war, Colonel Rosencrantz received a wound in the shoulder, from the effects of which he never recovered. It broke out afresh, causing his death three years after the war ended. All the Indians did not at once disappear, but returned and made incursions into our territory. An Indian band, headed by a noted Tory, named Daily, committed many murders, and again spread dismay along our borders. Once more our Jersey Militia were sent against them. The troops pursued them across the Delaware River, and succeeded in killing Daily, and in destroying and dispersing his followers. During the war of the Revolution, the people of this county were very much annoyed by the surprises of a Tory band, who mysteriously disappeared after their raids. At last one fellow was found in a house, where he was either sick or disabled by an accident. Threatened with hanging, he made a full confession, and gave information by which numbers of the gang were taken. In an old house, two chimneys came together, with a single top above the roof, and between was a closet, where three men were secreted. The interior of an old haystack had afforded a hiding place, and here several were taken. At first there was no answer to the demand " Come out and surrender." But when the leg of one man was seized, he was soon dragged out, and the rest made to follow, and the stack was shortly ablaze. The pursuing party came to a large house, somewhere on the Snufftown Moun- 78 HARDTSTON MEMORIAL. tain, where the owner received them with much apparent frank- ness, and conducted them over the house, telling them they should see everything and find all right on his premises. He brought them to the last room, saying, " My wife is here very sick, and you need not disturb her, but just go in and see that there is nothing there." They said that they would not harm the sick, woman, but the men followed their captain in. Over the floor in the middle of the room, a green baize cloth had been tacked clown, and on it stood the bed with its occupant. They lifted the bed- stead and woman aside, took up the cloth, and found a trap-door in the floor, beneath which was an excavation where half a dozen fellows were hiding. Other ruffians were picked up elsewhere, and the Captain started for Goshen with quite a company of pris- oners. When night came on, they camped, made a pen of logs for the culprits, and built a large fire, but drank so freely of whisky 3 from a big keg they had taken, that the guards all went to sleep, and their prisoners escaped. Claudius Smith was a recognized leader of the free-bo oters who ravaged Orange County and extended their depradations over into Sussex. He robbed the house of Robert Ogden, in the winter of 1778. He lived near the site of the present town of Monroe, with three sons, desperadoes like himself. He was a terror to the whole region, and a large reward was offered for his apprehension. He eluded pursuit by going to Long Island, where he was tracked and captured, near ( )yster Bay, and thence taken to Goshen. He was chained to the jail floor and a strong guard kept over him, until January 22d, 1779, when he was hung, with two others, Gordon and De la Mar. His son, Dick, committed several murders afterwards, in revenge, as he said, for the hanging of his father. Claudius Smith was con- nected with the robber, Bonnell Moody, who had a place of retreat near Newton, and after the war escaped to England, where he published an exaggerated story of his career. He received a Lieu- tenant's commission in the British Army, and a pension. His brother was captured and hung. The following letter was written in behalf of Hugh Max- well, who was in New Town jail, under sentence of death, and REVOLUTIONARY TIMES. 79 was afterwards executed. Dear Sir: I have enclosed to his excellency, the Governor, several affidavits, etc., in favor of the Criminal Maxwell ; whom ] verily believe is altogether innocent of the charge against him ; and I cannot but think, that the evidence in his favor is quite suf- ficient to convince every candid, unprejudiced mind, open to con- viction ; and you may be assured there are many hundreds of persons in the county, who are entirely persuaded he is not guilty. I doubt not you will do all in your power to preserve the life of one whom I think is innocent. I am in no wa}*s partial towards him ; and if after all, the man is executed, I shall have the satisfaction to reflect I have done my duty, and that his blood will not be upon me. 1 am, dear sir, your friend and very humble servant, T t zal Ogden. Newtown, Sept. 7th, 1780. To the Hon. Robert Ogden, Esq., at Sparta. Favored by Mr. Broderick Ephraim Woodruff belonged to Colonel Oliver Spencer's regiment of the Continental Army. He was present and partici- pated in a number of the great battles of the Revolutionary war . As years increased upon him he delighted to narrate the stirring- incidents of his military life. lie taught the school at Ogden sburg in a log house, which occupied the site of the present school house, and was donated for the purpose by Robert Ogden, Jr. In this school house religious services were sometimes held, and a weekly prayer meeting maintained. Mr. Woodruff's log house stood beside the school house, and was very much of the same pattern. William Johnson 2d and Cornelius Devore were soldiers of the Revolution and pensioners. Their certificates were signed by John C. Calhonn, Secretary of War in 1822. Major Jonathan McPeake was a soldier in the Continental Army and settled in Hardyston after the war. His son Jona- than, was born in 1800. His wife was Sophia Maines, daughter of Peter Mains, of Sparta, a Revolutionary soldier, and Olive Bas- sett. Olive Bassett, wife of Peter Mains, died at an advanced age about the year 1850. Their log house stood two miles from Sparta on the Newton road. Thev were living there when the Ameri- 80 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. can Army passed through, on its way to the Delaware River, as she supposed. It was in the winter time, with snow upon the ground. Many of the soldiers had no shoes, and blood from their frozen feet marked the snow. Some of them had their feet bound up with rags, and begged from her all the old clothes she had to give them. Her oven stood by itself outside, and she had in it a large baking of bread, but the soldiers took it all. Simon Wade was a member of the Second Sussex Regiment, and during the Revolutionary War served in a powder manufac- tory. His family early settled in Connecticut. His brother Na- than Wade, was killed in the battle of Minisink. He was a car- penter by trade, and first came to Hardyston in the employ of Robert Ogden, Sr. He married Abigail Beardslee, of Pough- keepsie, 1ST. Y., purchased his farm from Robert Ogden, Sr., and erected the house and buildings now standing. He died Septem- ber 21st, 1817, aged sixty -eight years. Charles Wade, son of Simon, was born at the homestead, December 4th. 1796. His wife was Mary Jane, daughter of Elder Samuel Tuttle. Mr. Wade died November 22d, 1S69. He was highly esteemed for his integrity of character and upright- ness in business. He was for many years a member of the North Church and much interested in all that pertained to its welfare. CHAPTER V. IRON MANUFACTURE. Five forges, worked at different times, stood at the "Head of the Wallkill," near the present village of Sparta. The Ogden forge was a mile from Ogdensbnrg, and a mile and half above Franklin Furnace. The time of its erection was very early. At the beginning of this century, and until his death in 1805, it was run by Major Elias Ogden, who brought most of his ore from the Ogden Mine on the top of the mountain. Previous to the Revolutionary War, ore from the Ogden Mine was transported on pack horses to the forges in Morris County. Dr. Fowler's " New Forge " was put up on the bank of the Wallkill in the rear of the Catholic Church. An ancient forge stood near the site of the old Franklin furnace, and was operated as early as 1765, when Michael Rorick came from Bergen in the employ of the men who ran it. The leading man was William A. Potts, reported to have been so wealthy, that if all his money had been turned into silver dollars, no four-horse team could have drawn them. Upon the mountain are lands still called after Potts, the former owner. An old deed calls for a " marked tree at the corner of the Potts mountain tract, now of the Franklin Manufacturing Company." The birch-flat is spoken of as having belonged to Potts. John Potts had a mountain survey made as late as 1788, and recorded in the Clerk's Office in 1792. At the breaking out of hostilities, 1776, the proprietors of the forge withdrew to New York, being Englishmen and sympa- thizing with the British. The works were then unused for years. John Odell Ford, who lived at Stockholm, repaired and enlarged 82 IIAEDYSTON MEMORIAL. them, and expended much money in the endeavor to make iron from Franklinite ore. He was very persistent, but could not keep up the required heat, and salamander after salamander resulted. Dr. Fowler was asssociated with him for a time, and upon Mr. Ford's failure bought out his interest, took the works, and finally came into possession of all the mineral lands. These were not highly appreciated at that time, and so little value was set upon Mine Hill, which contains such a wealth of zinc and iron, that even Dr. Fowler never took pains to perfect his title to it, and it was done by his heirs some time after his death. He ran this and his other forges successfully, improving upon the methods of smelt- ing hitherto used. In a letter he once expressed his opinion that the reduction of Franklinite ore required a greater heat than could be produced by charcoal, and furnaces must be perfected for the use of anthracite coal. There were zinc works near the Franklin grist mill where the old fulling mill house was supplied with a chimney and re- arranged for use. Mr. Ballon, a man of some scientific attainments* was for a long time employed in the endeavor to work the zinc. By his fires most of the zinc was evaporized and escaped through the chimney. lie also attempted to separate the iron from the zinc by mechanical operation, reducing the ore to powder and taking out the iron particles by a series of magnets^ ranged upon a wheel. His methods were not successful enough to warrant ' their long employment. His experience however was valuable to others, and at a later time a great zinc house was erected, with a series of bags, within which the zinc vapor was held until it was deposited in a white or blue powder. This powder mixed with oils made a valuable paint. The zinc paint of commerce is little more than the same article, improved in its process of manufac- ture. The Franklin Manufacturing Company erected the charcoal blast furnace. Oliver Ames and Oakes Ames, of Massachusetts) were the principal onwers, and William L. Ames was their super- intendent. They introduced the casting of stoves and rolling of sheet iron. For the latter purpose their quality of iron was well adapted, and the stoves and pipe made by them were far more last- IKON MANUFACTURE. 83 ing than those produced in later years. The Company had several re-organizations. A process was thought to have been discovered which would make both iron and zinc from Franklinite mineral at the same time. A new and larger blast furnace was put up a little farther from the kill, at a cost of $100,000, with zinc works in connection. But the process failed to meet the sanguine expectations of its inventors. Charles C. Alger brought suit against this Company, and against Joseph E. Edsall. and recovered a small amount of damages for infringe- ment upon his patent for hot blast chimneys in furnaces. The Boston Franklinite Company was organized by gentle- men mostly from Massachusetts, and John H. Brown, who had been long associated with the Ames brothers, was their superin- tendent. In 1867, William E. Dodge, Moses Taylor, John I. Blair, the Scrantons and others, stockholders of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, of Scranton, Pa., purchased the entire in- terest, and under a new charter became, in 1872, the Franklin Iron Company. By purchase this Company- own large tracts of land, estimated at 15,000 acres, embracing farm and wood lands, and including many valuable ore mines. A portion of these tracts lie in Passaic County. The present large furnace was erected at a cost of half a million of dollars, and completed in 1873. With few interruptions it has been running ever since, producing large quantities of pig iron which is sent to Scranton and trans- formed into Bessimer steel. The company carried on a long liti- gation with the New Jersey Zinc Company, the contest ending finally in their favor. A compromise has been effected, by which the Franklin Iron Company became possessed of the rights of the New Jersey Zinc Company, and now engages in zinc mining. The Sussex Branch Railroad was extended from Newton to McAfee Valley by this company, mainly for their own conven- ience in mining and making iron. Isaac Sharp, of Piles, in the county of Salem, and Western division of the Province of New Jersey, made his will March 22d, 1770. By this he constituted his widow Elizabeth executrix, and his son Joseph executor. On the 20th of March, 1775, the widow Elizabeth, and Joseph and his wife Grace, conveyed 182 acres of S4 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. the Pepo-Cotten lands to Ezekiel Dennis, of Sussex, who was the progenitor of our Dennis families. This Joseph was Joseph, Senior, who married the widow Grace Bassett, a Quakeress, who always wore the Quaker dress. They had quite a number of sons. She had money in her own right, and was a woman of much refinement and benevolence. Joseph, Senior, came to Hamburg before the Revolutionary war, and took possession of the lands to which his father Isaac had proprietery claims. These lands extended along the Wallkill from the State line, and, with a few breaks, to the Ogden tract above Franklin Furnace and to Penn's line, with extensive mountain tracts. He built the forge or furnace near the Fountain bridge, and named it the Sharpsboro Iron Works. The manufacture of iron under the restrictions imposed by the British Government was not remunerative, and under financial embarrassment he returned to Salem. The works abandoned by Sharp fell into the hands of Stephen Ford, Senior, who lived in the house, near the Upper Hamburg bridge, which was afterwards enlarged by his son David. He was a native of England and sympathized with the English during the war of Independence. It is said that he made iron for the use of the British Army and cast cannon balls for them. His men often performed their work at night, and the children and females of the family carried food for the workmen from the house to the forge after dark. He received considerable sums of English gold wlnbh he secreted in small bags let down in the par- tition walls between the plastering. He had sheet iron shutters made at the forge for the windows of his house. This was reputed to be a place of retreat for the more open Tories and free booters when they were closely pursued. He seems to have been on good terms with his neighbors, even the patriotic ones, and kept quiet in the later years of the war, escaping arrest although under sur- veillance. After the Revolution the sons of Joseph Sharp, Senior, Jos- eph, Junior, and William, rode up on horseback to occupy the property inherited from their father. The forge was started under the direction of the sons, and another was built on the site of the IKON MANUFACTURE. 85 saw mill above the present paper mill. When William became deranged, Joseph associated his brother-in-law with him in busi- ness, and Colonel John Hathorn, of Warwick, was their clerk or superintendent. The business in their hands was not profitable, and except for the rise in value in his landed property, Colonel Joseph Sharp would have become a bankrupt. Stephen Ford, Senior, before mentioned, had two sons, Stephen, Junior, and David. Stephen, Jr., was a merchant and carried on business in the store house that he built near his father's dwelling, and which is still standing, having been used by a long succession of store-keepers. lie went to New York for the pur- pose of buying goods, and died there with the yellow fever which was then prevailing in the city. David Ford was the second son of Stephen, Senior, lie was interested in the forges with the Sharps, or after them. Soon after his brother's death he entered into partnership with William Darrah, and they were associated until 1818. They conducted the store, the grist mill, and the Fountain bridge forge, and the firm of Ford & Darrah was extensively known. Ford was a Director of the Sussex Bank and Superintendent of a portion of the Paterson and Hamburg turnpike road. Under his supervision a large part of the difficult work over and through the mountains was done. His day book shows the setting of the mile-stones from Snufftown through Hamburg and Deckertown, October, 1830. In the midst of his business enterprises he died June 30th, 1837, in the sixtj-flfth year of his age. William Dakeaii, the partner of David Ford for many years, was born near Hamburg 1777. His large farm lay half way from the village to Franklin Furnace, and adjoined the forge lot, which still bears the names of himself and partner. The house in which he spent most of his clays is still standing in the field in sight from the public highway. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Captain Richard Edsall, of Vernon, and had a large family of sons and daughters. Henry Thompson Darrah, his eldest son, succeeded him in business. In October, 1818, he was ap- pointed Sheriff of Sussex county, and served three years. There were many civil suits and judgments, and many Sheriffs sales of 8t) HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. property while he was in office. lie built the Martin Mabee house, was remembered as a kind friend and good citizen, and died, in 1830, in his fifty-third year. lie is buried a few feet only from his partner, David Ford, at Hamburg. In 1S3T his family immigrated to Missouri. In 1792 Jesse Potts and his brother came from Trenton, and built a more extensive forge than any hitherto constructed in this region. This was located farther down the AVallkill, and the site is below the Haines homestead. The timbers were very large and cut in Pochuck Mountain. In hauling a large stick of timber one man was killed. The dam was washed out in a freshet, and the Potts brothers, after several misfortunes, gave up business at this place and moved away. It is said, 1 know not with how much certainty, that they, with members of their family, after- wards founded Pottsville, Pa. They are supposed to have been connected with the Potts who erected the first forge at Franklin Furnace, in 1765; and possibly with Thomas Potts, who was high Sheriff of Sussex Co. from 1772 to 1775, although belonging to a younger generation. Joseph Sharp, Jr., took possession of their forge, and after a short time removed the building. Rem- nants of the dam still remain in the water of the stream. The Potts's called their forge the Hamburg Iron Works, from Hamburg, Germany. From this is derived the name of the village. The Sharps sought to perpetuate the name of Sharps- boro, by which the place had been called for some years, but when the Post Office was established, October 1st, 1795, it was called Hamburg. The German name is derived from two words, Hamme, a forest, and Burg, a fortress ; the whole signifying a Toxcer in the Woods. Hamburg was the second Post Office in the county, (which then included Warren County), Sussex Court House being established March 20th, 1793. The next in order of time was Sparta, January 1st, 1798. Previous to these Morris- town was the most northerly Post Office in the State. Colonel Joseph E. Edsall came into possession of the Sharps' lower forge near the site of the paper mill, and after running it for a time, built, a second forge in close proximity a few rods lower down, 1822-4. Adam Smith, of Canistear, now living in bis IRON MANUFACTURE. 87 ninety-sixth year, was his carpenter. The great hammer beam was cut in Pochuck Mountain, and broke down the wagon in the village during its transportation. These forges were run much of the time at a dead loss, and Edsall was heavily in debt at the time he relinquished them, and was appointed County Clerk. The Hamburg Manufacturing Company was organized pre- vious to 1830, and purchased the forges of Edsall and other prop- erty adjoining. In 1834 this company took down the forges, and erected the charcoal hot air blast furnace on the same site. John F. Winslow was President of the company as well as of the Clin- ton Manufacturing Company, of Passaic. Among those associa- ted with him were Messrs. William Jackson, Makepeace and Huntington, who resided in Hamburg for a time. The two com- panies, by purchase and lease, held much valuable property. They were owners of the Clinton or Pochunk mine of hematite ore., which made iron of superior quality. This mine was on the farm of Nathan Smith, which the companies purchased. Peter M. Kyerson, of Pompton, transported much of the ore from this mine all the distance to his own furnace. lie constructed what was called the " gravity road," which branched from the public high- way opposite Francis Hamilton's place, and by gradual assent reached the ore beds. The Hamburg Company employed a large number of men in the mines, in chopping wood and burning charcoal upon the mountains, and at their furnace. Their employees occupied every available house in the vicinity, and the company put up a number of small dwellings of their own to which the name of " the City " was given. Their charcoal burners lived in log houses put up near the places where they worked. Their numerous teams tilled the highways as they carted ore and charcoal tojthe furnaces or transported their iron to the markets. Farmers found employ- ment for their teams in hauling ore, for which they received tick- ets entitling them to trade, to the amount due them, at any of the Hamburg stores. These stores were doing a good business, the upper and lower mills were running to their full capacity, grind- ing flour and feed, while farmers found ready sale near home for most of their farm products. 88 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. In consequence of the failures of others and the general col- lapse of business enterprise at the time, misfortunes overtook the Hamburg and Clinton Companies, and they were forced to sus- pend in the Spring of 1838. This was a great blow to the village of Hamburg. It sent away some important families, threw many workmen out of employment, and brought much of the business activity of the place to a standstill. On the 27th of February, 1838, the Clinton Company agreed to sell to Peter M. Ryerson, of Pompton, for $22,500, six and eighty-five hundredths acres of their mine in Pochunk, upon which was part of their hematite or ore beds. After the company's failure, Dr. Elias L'Hommedieu was appointed trustee for the creditors and purchased, Dec. 7th, 183S, at a sale made by Sheriff John Brodrick, for $4,011, the entire property of one hundred and nine acres " whereon is the Clinton ore bed, usually called the Clinton Mine.''' Colonel Joseph E. Edsall had, by foreclosure of mortgage, regained possession of his lands, with all the improvements, fur- nace and houses, erected upon them. He united with Dr. L'Hom- medieu under the firm name of Edsall & L'Hommedieu, and they operated the mines and furnace for a time, until L'Hommedieu withdrew, in 1815, and removed to Newark, leaving all in Edsall's hands. The latter continued the business for four or five years longer, until near 1850, when iron ceased to be made on this spot, and the works fell into decay. Edsall used considerable ore brought from the Ogden Mine, and his son-in-law, Thomas D. Edsall, mined and carted it for him. Samuel Edward Margerum was an iron man and had a blacksmith shop in Hamburg. His wife was Mary Ford, daugh- ter of Stephen, Sr., and sister of David. He built the house, oppo- site John L. Wood's present shop, afterwards occupied by Sheriff John Brodrick. David Ford induced his sister after the death of her husband to sell her house and with her children make her home with him, he being unmarried. About 1822 he enlarged his father's house in upper Hamburg and built what is now the main part, but leaving the long wing with dining room and kitchen, which belongs to Revolutionary times. Mrs. Mary Ford IKON MANUFACTURE. 89 Marge ni in was born in 1772 and died in 1850. She possessed a remarkable memory and loved to detail the stirring events of her early life. Stephen Ford Margerum, the son of Samuel Edward and Mary F. Margerum, was born at Hamburg 1793, and died in 1852. He inherited the enterprise of his family, and his business connections were veiy extensive. In 1827 he bought, at commissioners' sale, of the estate of William Smith, deceased, merchant of New York city, and partner of Elias Haines, 1,088 65-100 acres of the Colonel Seward tract upon Snufftown Mountain. He added to this purchase by others afterwards made. The venerable John Seward mansion was his home, and his mother, Mrs. Mary F. Margerum, resided with him. The old house has only recently been taken down to make room for the more commodious and tasteful dwelling erected by his son, Noah II. Margerum. After standing a century and a quarter, much of the old frame was sound and good. Mr. Margerum had a saw mill and grist mill, and ran the forge, upon the Seward Creek branch of the Pequannock above his house and near the Vernon township line. When John O. Ford relinquished the Franklin works he started a new forge, the Windham, near his home at Snufftown. He had several sons, among them Sidney, Horace and Mahlon, who were engaged in mining and forging. They worked the forges at Snufftown, Stockholm and Milton, and carried on their works to a late period, making blooming iron and ship anchors. The charcoal iron works were unable to compete with the anthra- cite furnaces of Pennsylvania, and eventually all the forges along the Pequannock River were closed. The Clinton, or Pochunk Mine, lies within the limits of Ver- non township about two and a half miles from Hamburg, upon the summit and slopes of a white limestone ridge running parallel to the mountain a short distance from its base. The ore ? which is brown hematite, is irregularly distributed through a mass of highly ferruginous clayey loam, which shows a great display of color, texture and composition. The ore itself presents an equa 90 HAEDY6TON MEMORIAL. diversity of appearance, but is all hematite. The mineral yields an iron superior to that of the magnetic ores and can be reduced with much less consumption of fuel. The ore was formerly carted fifteen miles to the Clinton Furnace and ten miles further to Pompton, and. after railroad connections were formed, was sent as far as Scranton. The Franklin Iron Company constructed a branch from the Susquehanna Railroad, at Hamburg, to McAfee Taller, a distance of three miles, to connect the mine by rail with Franklin Furnace. The working has ceased for over ten years, and the branch to the mine now forms part of the Lehigh A: Hudson Bailroad. The Edsall mine, at Rudeville, two miles from Hamburg, was discovered in sinking a well, and was opened a little earlier than the Clinton mine. It has the same valuable quality of ore. The excavation is nearly two hundred feet square, about sixty feet in depth, and is now mostly filled with water. A tunnel which once drained off much of the water has been closed. William Edsall was its former owner, and it is still in possession of his heirs. Some years ago they were offered quite a sum of money for it, but declined selling, and since then there has been no de- mand for the ore to invite purchasers. William Edsall raised large quantities of the ore, which he sold to the Franklin Manu- facturing Company, for some years previous to 1S40. Other fur- naces and forges were supplied from it. The Simpson mine, between the two, and just over the Ver- non line, has a large and valuable deposit of ore, but it has not been worked sufficiently for its development. Iron ore has been found upon the Rosencrantz farm, and was one inducement for the Franklin Iron Company to purchase it, at $30,000 for three hundred acres, from Mrs. Mary Rosencrantz, who inherited it from her father, Col. Joseph Sharp. The following letter, inserted by his permission, is from Hon. John I. Blair, now venerable in years, one of the most suc- cessful business men of his time, and who will be remembered by future generations for his large benificence in the cause of edu- cation : [RON MANUFACTURE. 01 Blairstown, N. J., May 5, 1888. To Jacob L. Bunnell : My Dear Sir: — I read in the New Jersey Herald of last week, with great pleasure, the early history of' those intelligent and influential men, who, in the days of their generation, were the owners of those various forges, iron and zinc mines in the old county of Sussex. All these men have long since passed away and their property changed to other hands. Nothing remains now to remind this generation of the existence of those forges except the cinder-beds. The narrative recalls to mind my first experience, seventy-one years ago, at the age of fifteen. I was then clerk in a store in the village of Hope, then in old Sussex, and went with a teamster with a load of barrel pork to exchange for iron. Early the first day we arrived at Sparta and stopped at the hotel of Dan Hurd, who was then the principal owner of Sparta, and owned and con- trolled a number of forges. Hurd had gone to New York and his son, a boy somewhat older than myself, asked me to stay until his father returned that evening, assuring us that he would purchase our cargo. The next morning I proposed the trade, when he re- plied " that he had all the pork he needed." This was a great dis- appointment ; the day and evening spent and a hotel bill to pay, and money scarce. I felt like fighting young Hurd for the deten- tion. We left Sparta and crossed the mountain, by what was called a mountain road, almost impassable, to Russia forge, where the people were hungry for pork. We stayed two days while they made iron for a part of our pork. They weighed out to the wood- chopper his share, then to the man who found the coal his share, then to the one that made the iron, then to the miner, while the balance went to the owner. The next day we went to other forges without success. We then went to a place called " Newfoundland." I thought it was properly named, as it was the only land we had found since we left Sparta. We spent two days going from there to other forges with but little success until we arrived at Hamburg and Franklin, and finally sold out to Joseph Sharp for iron. Years after I grew up to manhood my business relations ex- tended more or less to them all and ended in friendship. What unexpected changes have taken place since ! In the seventy-one years all these eminent men, all long since gone, their property changed hands ! The Lackawanna Iron and Coal Com- pany, of Pennsylvania, has become the owner of the most valuable portion of these properties, including the Franklin Iron Company, the Zinc Company, and various iron mines as was stated. The V'2 UARDYSTOX MEMORIAL. great outlay in erecting furnaces, zinc works, and other improve- ments has run into the millions, and t all the main dividends have been paid to the county of Sussex, including some to the State for taxes, and, strange to say, whether fortunately or unfortunately, 1 am among the principal owners in all these properties. The ownership of this property caused me, on account of the company, to become one of the owners of the Sussex Railroad, which I ex- tended to Franklin and several miles beyond. Also the line to Branchville. I changed the line across the meadows at Newton, and made other valuable improvements for the terminus at New- ton, including a costly and convenient depot. We have since turned over the road to the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Company, who has relaid it with steel rails, and it is now a first- class road in every particular, including rolling stock. Very truly yours, John I. Blair. LIME MANUFACTURE. The white crystalline limestone of this vicinity furnishes a superior quality of lime. Many years ago Dr. Samuel Fowler wrote upon the minerals of Sussex Co., for Gordon's Gazefe^r of New Jersey. The following is an extract from it : " Perhaps in no quarter of the globe is there found so much to interest the mineralogist, as in the white crystalline, calcareous valley, commencing at Mounts Adam and Eve, in the county i >f Orange, and State of New York, about three miles from the line of the State of New Jersey, and continuing thence through Ver- non, Hamburg, Franklin, Sparta and Byram, a distance of about twenty-tive miles in the county of Sussex. This limestone is highly crystalline, containing no organic remains, and is the great imbedding matrix of all the curious and interesting minerals found in this valley. When burned, it produces lime of a superior quality. A considerable quantity of this stone is burned into lime near Hamburg, and when carted to the towns below, as Paterson, Newark, etc., is sold for one dollar per bushel. It is principally used in masonry, for white-washing, cornice-work and wall of a fine hard finish, and is considered superior to the best Rhode Island lime. Some varieties, particularly the granular, furnish a beautiful marble ; it is often white, with a slight tinge of yellow, resembling the Parian marble from the Island of Paros ; at other times clouded black, sometimes veined black, and at other times arborescent.'' IKON MANUFACTURE. 93 Around Hamburg on many farms are the remains of ancient lime kilns. The Sharps, Edsalls, Fords and Rudes burned lime. In 1810, and subsequent years, much of this lime found its way to market in our larger towns and the city of New York. But although an ancient article of production, the more extensive works now employed are of quite recent erection. The old-fashioned kilns were approaching an egg-shape in the interior, and the wood and lime stone were put in, in successive layers. The kiln was built into the side hill to afford easy access to the top. It was covered with sods before the flame was kin- dled. The ashes and lime were drawn out at the bottom, and the fire went out after each burning. The continuous kilns are constructed with the fire upon the side, so that the flame and heat may pass through the lime stone, and when the lime is burned it may be drawn off without ming- ling with the ashes or interfering with the continuance of the fire. The Windsor Works, at Hamburg, were begun in 1876. Sayre IIARDYSTON MEMORIAL, from Salem, or Philadelphia, who did the joining and finer work. Mr. Sharp had abundant means from the rise in value of his lauds, and lived in good style, and what was esteemed luxury, in these days, until the losses attendant upon his iron works and other ventures diminished his income and he removed to another house, which he built along the Wallkill, in Vernon township, near the base of Pochunk Mountain, where he died in 1845, in his -eighty-eighth year. His wife was Elizabeth Simpson, daughter of Henry Simpson, who lived near McAfee. She was born in 1771, and died in 182-1 while Mr. Sharp was living at Hamburg. She was a member of the Hamburg Presbyterian Church and of the North Hardyston, after the union of the two churches. They had four sons, Thomas. Joseph, Anthony and Isaac. Of their daughters, Eliza married Dr. James Fowler ; Clarissa married Major Thomas B. DeKay, who lived in Vernon near the State line; Mary was the wife of Dr. Henry C. Posencrantz, and lived in the house on the Posen- crantz hill ; Deborah became the wife of Dr. Horace Vibbert, of Deekertown. Issaeher Rude, one of the carpenters who worked for Col. Sharp, was killed in the raising of a barn on the Conrad Tinker place. Caleb, his brother, also a carpenter, lived to the age of ninety-three and a half years, respected and beloved by all who knew him, and died in 1871. Their father, Caleb Pude, Senior, lived in Morris county and became a soldier in the Continental Army. The Tories made several raids upon his home, and that of his neighbors, so that he removed his family for safety to the vicinity of Stockholm, and took most of his pay in Continental money, in exchange for his house and farm. He had two sons in the army, Abner and Noah. When the war closed, his paper money was of no value, and he found himself poor. His wife died, and he bound out his son Caleb as an apprentice to Simon Wade to learn the carpenter's trade. Caleb, Jr., married Elizabeth Simpson, daughter of the Henry Simpson 3d, who lived on the William Edsall farm. Joseph E. Edsall was born in 1789 at Pudeville, in the log Jbouse where his parents, James Edsall and Mary Simpson lived, HAMBURG AND SOME OF ITS PEOPLE. 97 lie built the house on the creamery property in 1820, placing it directly in the road, which he crowded into the hill in front ; and built three tenement houses adjoining. lie had on the same ground a distillery and a tannery, below the hill. For a time he kept a store in his dwelling, and in 1824 put up a store house,. which stood in the creamery garden, and at the foot of the church hill. When not used for a store it was occupied as tenements for families. Christopher Longstreet was Edsall's carpenter. When Robert A. Linn, in 1820, exchanged properties with his brother-in-law, Judge Thomas C. Eyerson, he came to* Ham- burg, and after a few years, by another exchange, acquired the property where Edsall had lived. Dr. James Fowler had gone south, and Edsall bought his lot of land, on the^opposite side of the road from the present Presbyterian Church. Upon the lot were an unfinished dwelling, a store house and barn. Edsall set to work to complete this house, but before it was done it was de- stroyed by fire. He re-built the dwelling in 1830, and from that time, with the exception of a year or two, when he rented it, lie made it his home until his death in 18G5. His wife- was Esther. daughter of James Hamilton, who died in 1812, at the age of fiftr- four years. In process of time, Mr. Edsall became possessed of most of the adjoining property, consisting of farm, mill, forges, and buildings. He was County Clerk, a Judge of the Court of Com- mon Pleas, a member of the Legislature, and a member of Con- gress for two terms, in Mr. Polk's time and during the Mexican war. Doctor Samuel Fowler was born in Newburg, N. Y., Octo- ber 30th, 1779. His ancestor, John Fowler, came from England and settled on Long Island as early as 1665. After completing his medical studies, at the age of twenty-one years, he began the practice of medicine in Hamburg, 1801. Of great versatility of talent, he engaged in many enterprises, and was successful in alL He was one of the most eminent physicians that our county has- produced, and his was the leading mind in all medical consulta- tions, and at the meetings of the Medical Society. He was a distinguished naturalist and mineralogist, collecting a most valuable private cabinet of American minerals, and c©n«- 98 UAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. sponded with scientific men at home and abroad. His valuable letters and papers were consumed in the destruction of the Fowler homestead, in 1884, and the store of information they might have imparted is lost. He married in 1808, Ann Breckenridge, daughter of Colonel Mark Thompson, of Changewater, N. J., who was a member of Congress under Washington's administration. Their only daugh- ter surviving childhood, was Julia, who became the wife of Hon. Moses Bigelow, of Newark, N. J. Dr. Fowler built a house in Hamburg, which is still standing, and which he sold to Martin Ryerson. Soon after his wife's death he removed to Franklin, where he re-built and enlarged the house in which he lived until his death. This neighborhood had been called The Plains, from the flat lands beginning here and extending toward the North Church, which included the farm of Capt. George Beardslee. Dr. Fowler constructed a dam across the small stream that passed his house, and erected a grist mill, fulling mill, storehouse, black- smith shop, a tannery, and several small dwellings. To these he gave the name of Franklin, and from this, the valuable iron ore in the vicinity received the name of Franklinite, and the Post Office and furnace that of Franklin Furnace. Dr. Fowler's second wife was Rebecca Wood Piatt Ogden, daughter of Robert Ogden 3d, of Ogdensburg, to whom he was married in 1S16. For a time he carried on the manufacture of iron at the Hamburg forges, and afterwards at Franklin Furnace, for a while in partnership with John O. Ford, but mostly by him- self. Through his sagacity and business tact, he made remunera- tive a hitherto failing business, and gave an impetus to this branch of manufacture in this county, which was unknown before and lias been felt ever since. He attended to the arduous duties of his medical profession, visiting patients many miles away. His practice extended over five counties of this State, and even into New York and Pennsyl- vania. He was constantly visited by patients who came long dis- tances, and was sought by his medical brethren in consultation on difficult cases. No man could exceed him in industry and careful attention to all he undertook. He was well known, a personal HAMBURG AM) SOME OF ITS PEOPLE. 09 friend and warm supporter of General Jackson, was twice elected to Congress, and was in "Washington in the stormy time of Cal- houn and nullification. His celebrity as a mineralogist ranks him among the first in the country. lie brought into notice the value of the minerals extending in the hill ranges from Sparta to Amity, Orange county, with their wealth of zinc and Franklinite. He was an honorary member of many of the scientific societies of Europe and America. He was a liberal supporter of the North Hardyston Church, long the President of its Board of Trustees, a regular attend- ant upon its services, and left a legacy to the church. It is due to place him in the first rank among those distin- guished citizens whose talents and lives have reflected honor upon their State and country. He died at Franklin, February 20th, 18-14 in his sixty-fifth year, and is buried in the North Church cemetery. Sidney Piioznix Haines, son of Elias and Mary Ogden Haines, was born in the city of New York in 1801, and was sent, when quite young, to Florida b}^ his father, who was a partner in the company which obtained the Aredondo Grant from the Spanish government, and began the first American settlement in the ter ritory. Sidney acted as agent for his father, and traded for him with the Spaniards and Indians. The frequent voyages of their brig, which conveyed cattle and good s, and all the hazards of the early settlement, were well suited to his adventerous spirit ; and hunting and exploration added a charm to his southern life. At the breaking out of the Seminole war the settlers were obliged to fiee for their lives, leaving all their property and improvements. "When the United States government assumed possession of Flor- ida, it refused to recognize the rights of the settlers, and restore to them the territory to which they laid claim. "When driven from Florida, the young man came to Ham- burg, and, about 1828, became established in business. In 1830 John Brodrick was his partner, and they kept store in the house that once stood where the brick store of Edsall, Chardavoyne & Co. now is. Haines ran one of the Sharp forges for a time, and burned charcoal upon the mountain. 100 HABDYSTON MEMORIAL. He married Diadamia Austin, second daughter of Alauson Austin, of Warwick, Is. Y., in 1830, and lived in the Walling house. Tie was Post Master in 1833, and for some years after, the salary being $48.25. When Brodrick retired from the firm of Haines & Brodrick, Robert A. Linn entered into partnership with him, and the new firm of Linn & Haines conducted a thriv- ing business for a country store. Mr. Haines w T as a very jovial man, and popular wherever he was known. For a time he entered warmly into politics, and at the meetings would get off many witty sayings. He had a four horse team and a large wagon, which he often drove to the polit- ical meetings, or the voting polls, with a full load of the men em- ployed in his works. They were all Jackson Democrats in those da}"s. Later, when he became a christian man and a church mem- ber, the same team, with its driver, often carried as full a load to the extra religious meetings of Dr. Fairchild. He started a Sunday School upon the mountain, near his " Coal job," in the vicinity of the Mud Pond, and rode on horse- back to attend it on Sunday afternoons. The "coal job families" were among the poorest and most destitute portion of our popu- lation, but the Sunday School bore precious fruit in leading some to Christ, as did the Log Chapel Sunday School, somewhat mod- eled after it, in later times. The late John Biggs, a leading minister of the Free Metho- dist Church, learned to read and received his first religious im- pressions in this Sunday School. For nearly thirty years, he labored and preached through the mountains, in school houses and dwellings, reaching scores who were overlooked by churches and christians. His death occurred in April, 1888, and the large attendance from all denominations at his funeral attested the high esteem entertained for one who, with few advantages, accomplished much good. Sindey Haines was benevolent, and interested in every chris- tian work, into which his good wife also entered most heartily. This earnestness characterized him all his days ; and his widow, now at the age of eighty-five years, in her home in Denver, Colo- rado, is still engaged in good works. The sick and the poor find HAMBURG AND SOME OF ITS PEOPLE. 101 in her a friend and a comforter. Haines visited the west, and embarked in the enterprise of founding a great town, projected on the banks of the Mississippi River, in Missouri, to be called Marion City. The location seemed excellent, stretching along the river for a mile and a half, with convenient landings for steamboats, and making a fine port. The lands were purchased from the government, the streets laid out, churches planned, and a college founded, with Rev. Dr. Ely as President. Haines moved his family there in 1838. For a time all went well, but other towns attracted the settlers, and after a great freshet, when the river rose so high as to flood the place, he changed his home to Palmyra, and afterwards to Hani- bal, Mo. Here he engaged extensively in business, and on one of his business tours contracted inflammation of the lungs, from which he died, July 13th, 1817. Henry Thomson Darkah was the son of Sheriff William Dar- rah and Elizabeth, daughter of Captain Richard Edsall. He was born in the old Darrali house Oct. 11, 1805. His youth was spent upon the farm ; he attended the district school and was one of the foremost scholars. He had been clerk in the store in Upper Ham- burg, and upon his father's death, in 1830, took the business on his own account, and continued it until his removal to Missouri, in 1837. He was early the subject of religious impressions, and in 1831 united with the North Church and became very useful in this community, as well as in his western home. He was a mag- istrate in St Louis. His fondness for study continued through life, and, familiar with books, few surpassed him in general knowl- edge. He died in St. Louis. His wife was Mary Ogden daughter of Elias Haines, born Oct. 3d, 1S00, a woman of great literary attainments, whose prose and poetic writings frequently appeared in religious papers and magazines. Her benevolence and christian activity were exhibited wherever she went. Her death occurred at Flora, 111., in 1883. After their marriage they lived in the Darrah-Dale cottage, which was afterwards transformed into the Baptist parsonage. When they occupied it, the beautiful order of the grounds and the wooded glen adjoining, inade it a gem of a home, with pic- 102 HABDYSTOS MEMORIAL. turesqne surroundings. Their only child, Elizabeth, born at Hamburg June 25th, 1832, married General Lewis B. Parsons, of Illinois. In her were combined rare graces of mind and heart, and an artistic talent which she cultivated by several years of study in Europe. She died at Scarboro, Me., September 2d, 1887. John Newman, supposed to have been born on Long Island, came to this vicinity from Monmouth county, N. J. He had two sons, Emanuel and David. Emanuel purchased the present James Ludlum Munson farm of Robert Ogden, in 1775. He bought other lands of Lewis Mor- ris in 1779, and of Anthony Brodrick in 1780. His wife was Ann Carnes, who became entirely blind. He died in 1795, leaving no children. David purchased at one dollar and a quarter per acre the Beaver Bun tract, which, including the Dusenbury farm and ex- tending to the Morris Yale farm, contained 989 acres. He lived in a house which stood near the present Beaver Run Post Office. At his death his landed estate was divided into six farms and given to his four sons and two daughters. The eldest son, Eman- uel, inherited the Roleson farm, David the Hardin farm, James the Hiles farm, John the Beaver Run farm, Elizabeth, who mar- ried James Congleton, had the Congleton farm, and Jane, who married Joseph McDaniels, the Dusenbury farm. Emanuel, Jr., died in 1850, aged 77 years. His son is Sam- uel Newman, who sold the farm he inherited to Jackson Roleson, and now resides near Deckertown. Jane, wife of Emanuel, Jr., died in 1S63, aged 84 years. David Neicman 3feDaniels, grandson of David Newman, was born in 1801, and now resides near Wilksbarre, Pa. He re- members well his coming when a boy to see the four companies of the 2d Sussex Regiment when, in 1814, they set off on their march to Sandy Hook. They assembled in Hamburg, and with flying colors and martial music, marched over the Sharp's bridge and by the Lawrence road and past the North Church. In his childhood he was frequently taken to the Cary Meet- ing House, winch was then an old building, and he is sure it HAMBURG ANT) SOME OF ITS PEOPLE. 103 must have been erected before the Revolutionary war. Ashman Carpenter was born in Morris county in 1702, and at the age of sixteen became a soldier of 1ST. J. State troops. With two others, he captured a party of four Hessians, coming upon them by surprise when the}' had halted at a spring. The prison- ers were taken into the American lines but their muskets were re- tained. Carpenters was preserved for a great while, until one of his sons traded it off for a bird gun. After the war he farmed for a time for Mr. Thomas Lawrence, and lived in the stone house, standing a little back from the North Church road. Coby Quick, a stone mason, said to have been a brother of Tom Quick, the In- dian slayer, was its builder. Carpenter learned the weaver's trade, and wove linen and woolen cloth. After a time he received in- struction in'the weaving of blue and white counterpanes, and was very skillful in forming figures and flowers in his web. He died in 1839. Anthony Chardavoyne and his brother were early owners of the Dusenbury property, which was afterward sold to David Newman, and inherited by his daughter, Mrs. Jane McDaniels. They kept a store there for a long time, until Anthony purchased the farm in Red Cedar Hollow, which after his death was bequeathed to his son AVilliam, and is now occupied by his grand- son, Barret II. Chardavoyne. On the Dusenbury farm is the " Indian Meadow," and upon it is a mound largely made up of fragments of broken stone and flint chips, left by the Indians who had there a sort of factory for stone implements and arrow heads. Peter Shafer, born 1792 or 1793, and who still survives, was living in 1818 on the Ilarker farm, now known as the Peter Fountain farm. One morning he saw four black animals come out of the woods and follow down the Wallkill. At first sight he mistook them for dogs, but got his gun and pursued them. He soon found that it was a she bear with three cubs. They climbed a large tree just below the Haines house, where Shafer killed the old bear and captured the cubs. He married a daughter of William Cassady, and^after the death of his father-in-law bought out the interest of the other heirs, and made the house his home until he sold it to Thomson D. Eiggs. 104 HABDYSTON MEMOBIAI.. Major Absalom Shaker, brother of Peter, lived in the David Benjamin house. He was Captain of the " Hardyston Vol- unteers," a military company formed in Hamburg. They wore blue coats, white pantaloons, and high crowned hats ; the front of each hat was covered with a plate of tin, on which was painted the name of the company, and surmounted with a white feather tipped with red. Peter Fountain was fifer to this company. Elias L'Hommedieu, M. D., was of Huguenot descent, and born 1794. His mother was Cornelia Losey, of Morris county. He began to practice medicine in Hamburg, and announced his coming in May, 181G,by the advertisement that he had "taken board at James Ilorton's Inn, and would punctually attend the calls of all who should favor him with their, patronage." In 1821 he purchased of the heirs of Martin Ryerson the Dr. Fowler house and farm. His wife was Sarah Denton, of Vernon. He was the Fourth of July orator in 1821, and is said to have been a man of much versatility of talent; was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1832, and again in 1837, serving for ten years. He united with the North Church in 1831, was made an Elder in 1837 and became very useful and influential. When the Hamburg Manufacturing Company failed, in 1S38, he was appointed Trustee of the creditors, and purchased, De- cember 7, 1838, at a sale made by Sheriff John B rod rick, for the sum of $4,041, one hundred and nine acres, being that part of land conveyed by mortgage of Nathan Smith, whereon is the ( linton ore bed, usually called the Clinton mine. Joseph E. Edsall had by foreclosure of mortgage secured pos- session of the Hamburg furnace. L'Hommedieu & Edsall united in business and operated the iron works for a time. It was a losing enterprise for the doctor, and he relinquished the entire business into the hands of his partner, April 1846. He removed to New- ark, and entered the grocery and commission business with John V. Baldwin. His commercial ventures were unsuccessful. He died at Bloomfield, July 28, 1853. He had five children. His eldest daughter, Mary, married Rev. Mr. Moore and removed with him to the West. His sons, "William Henry and Hezekiah Denton, died in early manhood. HAMBURG AND SOME OF ITS PEOPLE. 105 James Congleton was born in Hardyston, June 12, 1780 ; married March, 1805, Elizabeth, daughter of David Newman, who was born 1787, at Beaver Run, and died 1861, on the farm where her entire life had been spent. Mr. Congleton united with the North Church in 1819; was made an Elder in 1821, and continued in that office for fifty years, serving the church with sincere piety and consecration. A man was once being ex- amined before the Session for admission to the communion, and in narrating his experience said, that the regular and faithful attendance of the old deacon so affected his mind, he could not rest until he followed him to church and gave his heart to God. Mr. Congleton fell asleep January 21, 1871, in full age, like a shock of corn fully ripe. His eldest son Levi Congleton, was born April, 1810, married Charlotte, daughter of Ilezekiah Schofield. united with the North Church in 1831, and was made an Elder in 1866. He re- moved to Sparta, but returned to Beaver Run a short time before his death, November, 1879. His widow died August, 1887, at Sparta, John Erastus Congleton was the fourth child of Levi, born in 1841 ; was sergeant Co. D., 27th Regiment N. J. Yols. He married Anna Mary Hiles, daughter of William Hiles, of Beaver Run, and granddaughter of Rev. George Banghardt. They united with the North Church in 1866. Lie was made an Elder in 1876, and after giving promise of great usefulness, died sud- denly, June 23d, 1879, at Beaver Run. John Buckley, whose father came from England, carried on the tannery business at Hackettstown. He was an active business man. His name appears as a witness to a deed given for the site of the Hackettstown Presbyterian Church, in 1764, in the pros- perity of which church he was largely interested. He married Mary Turner. His sons were George, Reuben, James, John, Robert and Amos. He removed to Hardyston and came in pos- session of the farms afterwards owned by Michael R. Sutton and Abram Stoll, and carried on farming and the tannery business. His sons, Robert, James, John and Amos removed from Hardyston. 106 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. George lived on his father's farm, and was an Elder of Ilar- dyston Church, and of North Ilardyston Church after the separa- tion in 1819, and assisted in planting the maple trees which now surround that edifice. His pastor, Kev. Dr. Fairchild, in speaking of the struggles of the church, years after t\\ii death of Mr. Buck- ley, said that "George Buckley was a great worker in the church ; he could almost carry the ark alone." Removed in 1837 to War- ren county. Reuben Buckley, brother of John s- Sr., settled in Wantage township after the Revolutionary war, and had three daughters. Beuben 2d, son of John, Sr., married Sarah, eldest daughter of Samuel and Abigail AVade. He resided and died in Hardys- ton, where his widow continued to live, and raised a family of iive sons and one daughter. Simon Wade, the oldest son of Reuben 2d, born April 14th, 1808, married Jane, daughter of Jacob and Bethia Kimble. He was Elder in the North Ilardyston Church from 1818 until his removal to Wantage township. He there became an Elder in the Deckertown Church, and served until his death in 1875. His wife, Jane Kimble, died in 1885. Jacob and Ephraim, Kimble were twins, and only children of Daniel Kimble, who married a Keltz. Jacob married Bethia, daughter of James Hopkins, and lived at the Big Spring. He was an Elder at the North Church from 1827 to the time of his death, in 1863. His sons were Burr Baldwin, Jacob and David Hopkins. His daughters — Lydia, married to William Lantz ; Sarah, to Samuel Beardslee ; Jane to Elder Simon W. Buckley ; Catharine, to Abram Stoll ; Lucilla, to Elder Samuel O. Price ; Charlotte, to Sheriff James Smith, and Matilda, unmarried. Ephraim was the father of Robert and Ephraim M. He lived in the house which was burned down, and rebuilt of brick by his son, Ephraim Martin Kimble. James Hojjl-ins owned land from Big Spring to Mark Con- gleton's, and had two sons, Jonathan and David, and three daughters, Charlotte, wife of Benjamin Kays, Sr.; Bethia, wife of Elder' Jacob Kimble, and Lydia, wife of Elder Samuel Tuttle. To each of his children he bequeathed a large farm. HAMBURG AND SOME OF ITS PEOPLE. 107 William Inglis, Esquire, married Lucretia, daughter of Michael Borick. Their home was at Monroe Corners. His son, Rorick Inglis, died July, 1888. Shadrach Fountain came from Saddle River, Bergen Co., N. J., and worked on the farm of Thomas Lawrence. His name indicates his Huguenot descent. He was the father of Peter Fountain, and Mary, wife of Nathan Smith. Nathan Smith was born in 1777, and died in 1857. He was the owner of the Welch farm, which he purchased from Joseph Sharp. After the discovery of the hematite iron ore mine upon it, he sold the farm to the Clinton Manufacturing Company, and lived on the Harker farm, along the Wallkill, above Hamburg. He afterwards bought the farm on the Mill road, and lived in the house which William Ayres built in 1822, opposite the Bennett Field. Henry I. Simpson took down the old house and built the present one, for one of his sons. Mary Fountain, wife of Nathan Smith, was born in 1780, and died in 1835. Nathan left a large property divided at his deatli among fourteen children. Nathan Smith and Peter Fountain together bought the Harker farm. Smith sold out to Fountain, and Fountain sold considerable portions of it to Colonel Edsall. William. Ayres lived on the Mill road, and his sons, Archi- bald and James, in two small houses, which he put up for them on the two hills beyond. In the first, afterwards lived the Widow Markham, who told fortunes, and was accounted a witch. Benjamin, son of Moses and Abigail Northrup, was born at Eidgeiield, Conn., 1739, and died September 1774. His wife was Lenora, born 1739, and died March 1811. They removed first to Dutchess county, N, Y., and came about 1769 to the North Church and lived on the Plains farm now owned by the Franklin Iron Co. He was the owner of a large tract of land. Their son Moses was born 1762 and died 18-16 ; their grandson Moses Whitehead was born 1799 and died 1877, and Henry Northrup of Lafayette is their great grand son. CHAPTER VII. THE SECOND WAR WITH ENGLAND. Congress declared war against Great Britian on the 18th of June, 1812. The result of the fall elections of that year in our State was the complete overthrow of the administration party, and the triumph of the Federalists, or Peace party, in the choice of members of Congress and the securing of a majority in the Legis- lature. Colonel Aaron Ogden, son of Judge Ogden, of Ogdens- burg, was chosen Governor. lie was at that time a resident of Elizabethtown, engaged in the successful practice of law. The voice of her people was in condemnation of the war, but never was New Jersey found to falter in patriotism, nor did she ever refuse (like some States) to call out her contingent of troops. When the nation was in actual conflict with a great power, it was not the disposition of her Governor, her Legislature and people, to hesitate in bearing their part in the sufferings and privations of the struggle. So great was the confidence reposed in Ogden'that President Madison nominated him as Major General, with the in- tention of placing him in command of the forces operating against Canada. He, however, declined the appointment. In the conflict which followed the declaration of war, Kew Jersey did not suffer from actual invasion. The contest was prin- cipally carried on upon the frontiers and upon the sea, yet her sons bore their share in the great struggle. Who joined the na- tional army from among the citizens of our town cannot now be fully ascertained. A man named Grill, commonly called " Cap- THE SECOND WAR WITH ENGLAND. 109 tain," was wounded in the shoulder at Lundy's Lane. Upon his discharge he came to Canistear, where lie lived for many years, and from time to time appeared in Hamburg to receive his pen- sion. Among his sons were Fred and Moore Grill, who had an unenviable reputation. The Second Sussex Regiment New Jersey militia, of revolu- tionary fame, still continued its organization. Many were veter- ans, but young blood mostly coursed in the veins of those who tilled its ranks. Four companies marched to Sandy Hook, when New York City was threatened with assault from the British fleet. One of these companies was led by Captain Charles Beards- lee, of the North Church, and another by Captain John Cary, of Hamburg. Their recruits were mainly Hardyston men. Some military companies from Orange county joined them, one of which was commanded by Captain Alanson Austin, of Warwick. William and Henry Warren Ogden, nephews of Gover- nor Ogden, were scarcely more than lads when they received midshipmen's warrants in the navy. William soon left the ser- vice, but his brother continued a naval officer the remainder of his life, rising to the rank of Captain, and commanding his own ship. He cruised in every quarter of the globe, and was sent on many important expeditions. In his visits to Hamburg he loved to recount some of the eventful scenes of his life, and especially the cruise of the frigate Essex. He was ordered on board of her upon receiving his first com- mission. The Essex was commanded by Captain David Porter. She carried thirty-two guns, and on the 3d of July sailed from Sandy Hook on a cruise to the south. On the 13th of August she encountered the Alert, a British war vessel, which ran down upon the Essex's quarter sending the shot over her decks. The fire was gallantly returned, and after an action of only eight min- utes the Alert surrendered. Captain Porter put on board of his prize a crew of his own men, and sent her with his prisoners to New York. Her capture was the first American success of the war, and her flag sent to Washington, the first taken from the enemy. Captain Porter continued his cruise, doubling Cape Horn 110 IIARDYSTON MEMORIAL. amid tremendous storms, and entering the Pacific Ocean. For six months he cruised along the coast of Chili and contiguous waters, making havoc of British shipping. The news of the Essex achievements caused, at length, the sending of a force to destroy her. She had been carried into Valparaiso for supplies, and was just standing out for sea, when the frigate, Phoebe, and the slope of war, Cherub, made an attack. This was in neutral waters and contrary to all the rules of war. The Essex had lost her main top mast, the wind was contrary, and in close proximity to the coast, she could not be brought into position to use her broadsides. Anchors were dropped ahead from small boats, and and the hausers were hauled to bring her into place. All this was done under the heavy fire of the hostile ships. After three hours of useless conflict the proud Essex surrendered,to her foes, with the loss of 124 men in killed and wounded. Her Captain and crew were paroled and sent in a small brig, one of Captain Porter's own captures, called the " Little Essex," to the United States. When approaching New York harbor they were inter- rupted by an English armed vessel and detained for days regard- less of their parole. Early one morning Captain Porter took to the long boat with as many men as she could carry. They were thirty miles at sea, yet eluded the efforts of their pursurers to sink them with shot or to overtake them, and landed safely on the Long Island shore. Ogden came home on leave, and in full health and handsome naval suit, he was the admiration of some and the envy of others who had been his companions of earlier days. In mature years he was naval commander in New York harbor, and on board his " receiving ship," the North Carolina, received the visits of noted persons, both Americans and foreign- ers, lie paid a lengthy visit to Hamburg in 1846, and a year or two later died in New York City. He was distinguished for sea- manship as well as for gallantry in action. Generous and impul- sive, he was often entirely self-forgetful. Once when his ship was in the harbor of Gibraltar, one of his seaman fell overboard. In a moment lie leaped after the sailor and sustained him above water until a boat could be lowered and come to their rescue. HAMBURG AND PATERSON TURNPIKE ROAD. Ill Hamburg and Paterson Turnpike Road. Furnished by Hon. Thomas Lawrence, and first printed in the New Jersey Herald. The " Hamburg Turnpike Boad " was chartered in 1806, while Colonel Joseph Sharp was a member of the Legislature. It was first constructed from Hamburg to Paterson, and was subse- quently extended to Hoboken, on the east, and Milford on the west, from which it connected with a road to Bath, N. Y., form- ing an important outlet for the Lake country and Western New York. Its route across Sussex county was from Stockholm, by way of Hamburg, Deckertown, Libertyville and Brick House to Milford, Pa. Some of the mile stones are yet standing, announc- ing so many " miles to Hoboken or Jersey City." The former coaches ran with four horses, and made three weekly trips, on alternate days, bringing mails and passengers. The arrival of the stage was an important event, and the sound of the driver's horn announced its approach. There were relays of horses at Captain Brown's, New Foundland, and at Deckertown. Deckertown was the extent of travel for one day from New York. The first regu- lar meeting for organization was held at Stockholm, January 1, 1806. The proceedings read as follows : " At a meeting of a number of gentlemen from the towns of Newark, Acquaconack, Paterson, Pompton, New Foundland and Hamburg, on the first day of January, 1806, at New Foundland, for the purpose of taking into consideration the practicability of erecting a Turnpike road from Hamburg through Pompton to Acquaconack, from thence to intersect the Turnpike at the Cedar Swamp, by Schuyler's mines. Also from Bobert Colfaxes Corner in as straight a direction to the town of New Ark as the ground will admit of; also for extending the said Turnpike from Ham- burg to the line of New York, or the Biver Delaware, in order to facilitate the traveling from the western country. Thomas Lawrence, Esq., in the chair. The following reso- lutions were agreed to : 1st — Resolved, That a Turnpike road be erected from Ham- burg to Colfaxes Corner, from thence to Acquaconack so as to intersect the Turnpike at the Cedar Swamp. Also from Bobert Colfaxes to New Ark on the best direction the ground will admit of, which last is to be considered as a separate stock. 2d — Resolved, That John Linn, of Sussex, Martin Byerson, of Bergen, Abraham Ackerman, of Acquaconack, Esquires, together 112 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. with a gentleman hereafter to be chosen by the citizens of New Ark be a committee to attend the Legislature at Trenton, in Feb- ruary next, for the purpose of procuring a law to erect the said Turnpike. 3d — Resolved, That the above Committee procure and circu- late petitions to the Legislature for the purpose of obtaining the above law which shall stipulate Hamburg as the place where the Turnpike is first to commence. 4th — Resolved, That the following persons, or their asso- ciates, be appointed to secure subscriptions for erecting said Turn- pike, to wit: Joseph Sharp and John Seward, of Sussex, Esquires, Robert Colfax and Martin Ryerson, of Pompton, Esquires, Charles Kinsey, Abraham Godwin and Abraham Van llouten, of Paterson, Esquires, Abraham Aukerman and Garret Vanllouten, Acquaconack, Esquires, John Odle Ford, of Morris county, and Jacob Kenouse, of New Foundland. 5th — Resolved, That Major Gordon, of Paterson, get inserted in the New Ark Centinel, that application will be made to the Legislature in February next for a law for said Turnpike. 6th — Resolved, That the aforesaid Turnpike shall be desig- nated in the law by the name of the Hamburg Turnpike. 7th — Resolved, That Alexandria McWhorton, Esq., be requested to draft a Bill to be presented to the Legislature in Feb- ruary next for said Turnpike, and Major Gordon is hereby desired to take the execution thereof in charge. 8th — Resolved, That the sum of eighty thousand dollars be raised for the purpose of making said Turnpike from Hamburg to Acquaconack. 9th — Resolved, That twenty-five dollars shall be the price of each share. 10th — Resolved, That one dollar on each share be paid in advance at the time of subscribing. 11th — Resolved, That there shall be nine directors, one of whom to be chosen for their President, and five to make a quorum. 12th — Resolved, That every subscriber shall be entitled to a vote for each share subscribed, to the number of ten, and for every five shares over that number one vote. 13th — Resolved, That the hills between Hamburg and the Bergen line are not to exceed six degrees elevation and the re- mainder part of the road not to exceed five degrees. 14th — Resolved, That the road from Hamburg to Acqua- conack shall be made twenty-four feet wide. 15th — Resolved, That the Commissioners to lay out said HAMBURG AND PATERSON TUBNPIKE ROAD. 113 road shall be chosen by the President and directors. 16th — Resolved, That when one thousand shares are signed for, the Committee are required to call together the stockholders in order to choose directors.'' Thomas Lawrence, Esq., was from the start, one of the most active spirits in the enterprise and was a director in 1810, as shown by the notice found among his papers. May 8, 1810. Sin : At a meeting of the Stockholders of the Patersort and Hamburg Turnpike Company, at the house of Martin G. Ryerson, Pompton, this day, you were elected one of the Direc- tors for the present year. A meeting of the Directors is requested at M. G. Ryerson's, Pompton, on Monday the 28 of this inst., at 11 o'clock forenoon at which meeting you are desired to attend. By order of the Directors, Martin J. Ryerson, Pr. To Thomas Lawrence, Esq. The following memorial is endorsed "A memorial to the P- M. General from the citizens of Hamburg, Stockholm, Pompton, Paterson and Acquaconack, on the subject of the establishment of Post Offices and a post route between Hamburg and New York : " To Gideon Granger, Esquire, Post Master General of the United States, at the City of Washington: "The subscribers, inhabitants of the villages of Hamburg, Stockholm, Pompton, Paterson, and Acquanunck, and their vicin- ity, in the State of New Jersey, beg leave to represent that a turnpike road has lately been completed from Hamburg through the several other villages to the city of New York. That the dis- tance thereby to the city has been much shortened, and the facil- ity for traveling greatly improved. That the citizens residing in and near the villages aforesaid beg leave to solicit the Post Master General to favor them with the convenience of having a Post Office established at the villages of Stockholm, Pompton, Pater- son, and Acquanunck, of which they have heretofore been de- prived, and consequently has subjected them to very great incon- veniences, expense, and delay in their communication of business with the city. That the settlements on this route have become very populous, and the business transacted, even under their pres- ent privation of a public conveyance, is such that in their opinion 114 UARDYSTON MEMORIAL. it would add very considerably to the revenue of the postal depart- ment. Your memoralists pray, therefore, that you will take their request into consideration, and grant them the conveniences they now solicit. "They beg to add further that it is contemplated to commence running a stage shortly from the village of Hamburg on the above route to New York City, and which they take the liberty to sug- gest to the P. M. G., under the idea that a contract may possibly from that circumstance be made with more economy for the con- veyance of the mail, and that the distances between the offices solicited for may be known, your memoralists have enjoined, a schedule of the places and the distances from each other, and from Hamburg to the city of New Y r ork." The road was completed through the whole extent about 1810. Jersey City was originally called Paulus Hook. The Paulus Hook Ferry was well known to older travellers, and the crossing of the Hudson River was a matter of apprehension with the timid. In 1802 there were only thirteen inhabitants within the limits of the present city, exclusive of the settlements of Bergen and Communipaw. Thomas Lawrence in a letter written in 180-t to a member of his family said : "1 wish to entertain you with all the news' afloat, and an information was announced to me last night that will be new and surprizing to you. What think you of a new city, to be called the City of Jersey^ The grounds have all been purchased, on a lease of 999 years, of the Dutchman, the proprietor. This has been done by a company of gentlemen in New Y^ork. The lots, many of them, have been laid out, and many sold. The plan is to be similar to the city of Philadelphia. The situation is ele- gant, and the salubrity of it will induce its speedy settlement." It was incorporated in 1820. Gov. Aaron Ogden moved there in 1828, and was made Collector of Customs. A steam ferry took the place of the old sail boat. CUSTOMS AM) LOCAL HISTORY. In the days when flax was raised and all the family linen was homespun, it was the custom to have spinning visits. After the flax had been gathered and hatcheled, it was divided into por- CUSTOMS AJM1) LOCAL HISTORY. 115 tions, and the boys would go out on horseback to carry a small bale to each house. The girls of the families spun the flax, and upon invitation assembled on a given evening with their young friends to bring in their hanks of thread, and have a gay party. There would be an inspection of the work done, and some of the young ladies took much pride in spinning fine yarn and having it uniform. All the appliances for carding wool, and spinning and weav- ing wool and flax were common in many houses. The ordinary winter dress of the females was often of colored flannel. The men and boys wore homespun gray suits of woolen cloth. Some- times, however, the cloth was dyed a butternut, or even a bright blue. Their shirts were of coarse linen and very durable. Home- manufactured clothing might not be considered handsome in our own times, but it was serviceable, and much more lasting than the modern garments. The patterns for cutting out the clothes were carefully preserved by the good mothers. Tailors were found in the large towns, but few in earlier times in the country. When, however, broadcloths and cassimers began to be imported, lads were apprenticed to learn the tailor's trade. Hamburg, for years, supported two or three tailor shops with journeymen and apprentices. Then there sprang up a race of sewing women, who were styled " tailoresses," and went out to sew upon men's garments in the different houses. In primitive times a calico dress was considered quite a luxury with many. Some of the patterns were very quaint with floral designs almost as big as cabbages. Chintz curtains were hung upon the high posts of the best bedsteads. The coverlets were blue and white, often with quite pretty designs. They antedated the patch work quilt. The early settlers made themselves moccasins in Indian fash- ion, for covering their feet, with the addition of thick leather soles. When tanneries were established, families sent their own cow- hides and calf-skins from which their boots and shoes were to be made. The shoemaker made yearly visits, boarding at the houses were he worked, often for weeks at a time, until the whole household, father, mother, boys and girls, were provided for the 110 HARDY STON MEMORIAL, next twelve months. Boots and shoes were commonly not made rights and lefts, and for the sake of economy changed from foot to foot every day to make the wear uniform. The more skillful young men could repair their own boots, and one of the accomplishments of a good house wife was the ability to put on a neat patch for herself and her children. A shoemaker named Shadrach kept the turnpike gate two miles north of Hamburg, and for many years spent his winters in going around to the houses where his services were required. Soap and candles were home made. It was a busy day in the house when the soft soap was made for the yearly supply. So, too, was it, when the tallow candles were dipped. Most hardware, sixty years ago, was procured from the black- smith. All the nails, hinges, door latches, and common locks, were made at the village shop. Every blacksmith made his own tools, and supplied many of those of the carpenter. Farmers would come to the blacksmith to have their axes and sythes made, and their plow shares pointed. The stores sold Jiollowware — i. c. pots, kettles, etc. Upper and lower Hamburg from early times have each had their blacksmith and wheelwright shops. The upper blacksmith shop was long run by Samuel Woodhull, commonly called *' Uncle Sam Odell." He was a devout man, a good Methodist, although somewhat noisy in meetings. His son," Bill Odell," also a black- smith, was the village poet and wit. He composed many verses and often gave recitations of them in public places. Some of his compositions were comic doggerel, in which he would travesty the words and speeches of his townsmen, and describe their ways and characters. AVoe to the man against whom Bill had any grudge, for he would " show him up," and affix a nickname never to be lost. His poems never went to the printer, and the words of his songs are now lost. " Full many a gem, etc*" An old cannon, of somewhat rough casting, was handed down from revolutionary times, and remained for many years in the village. In was dragged out on general training days, and used on occasions of national rejoicing and political victoiy. It was a great feature at the Fourth of Julv celebrations. When the news CUSTOMS AND I.or.U. HISTORY. lit of General Jackson's re-election reached the place, in 1832, the old cannon was used in firing a salute of one gun for each state of the Union. In the rapidity of the firing the piece became heated, and the loading was attended with some danger. It was necessary to ex- clude the air from the powder as it was put in. A man was hold- ng his thumb upon the touch hole for this purpose, while two others were ramming down the charge. The hot iron burned the man's thumb, and made him flinch, so that air was let in, and an explosion took place. One of the gunners was Coonrod Welch, son of .Jacob, who was badly burned in the breast, his left arm torn away, and the thumb taken from his right hand. He recovered, how- ever, and with one hand, and that maimed, continued to work at his trade, gaining quite a local reputation for making grain cradles and axe handles. .V swarm of ^Krolites, or shooting stars, appeared throughout the country on the night of November 12th and loth, 1833. Pro- fessor Ohustead, of New Haven, estimated that 240,000 fell in the space of nine hours. The inhabitants of our town observed the storm of fire, and not without alarm as portentous of some great change that might affect the duration of the globe, or the conditions of life upon it. The winter of 1835 and 183G is spoken of as the most severe ever known in this region. ( )n the 20th of November the snow commenced falling, and the storm continued for three days. The depth of snow, with accumulations from succeeding storms, was from four to live feet upon the level. This was followed by continuous cold weather, so that the snow covered the ground for five months, until the latter part of April. Travel was impeded,, and the labor of opening the public roads was very great. Com- panies of men on horseback were formed to ride though and break the tracks. Most of the fences were out of sight, and the road breakers were not at all particular in keep to the highway, but passed anywhere through the fields where the snow was light- est. At intervals there were side tracks or switches broken to enable sleds to pass each other. Accilents upon the roads were of common occurrence. Teams would be stalled, horses fall down, and become exhausted with a few miles driving. Paths were 118 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. shovelled from the barns to the streams for the watering of the stock, and to the hay stacks. Often the weaker would be thrust into the snow by the stronger cattle, and the farmers were obliged to draw them out and lift them to their feet again. Many cows and sheep died. Sheds were not then commonly provided for the dairy, but the cows were foddered to a large extent in the barn yards. Families were shut in for weeks. Many were in want of firewood, and were forced to cut down the shade trees around their dwellings for fuel. The}' cut the trees to the level of the top of the snow, and when the snow finally disappeared, the stumps left were five feet high. The supply of provisions with many families ran very low. It was difficult to carry grain to the mills, and some were without flour for days together. It was equally difficult to reach the stores and purchase groceries. Our mails were brought by stage from Paterson, but the route was completely blocked for a long time. About L820 there was a considerable immigration to the Lake country in central and western New York. The immigrant wagons camped on the field above the Lawrence hill, which be- came quite a recognized halting place for the night. In the years of 183G and 1837 there was a great exodus of families to the western States, especially to Illinois and Missouri. Some thirty-five families went out from the bounds of the Xorth ilardyston congregation, and the church was necessarily very much weakened. In the fall of 1S36 long strings of wagons loaded with household goods and farming utensils, and carrying the families of the settlers, were seen on their way passing to Pennsylvania and Ohio, and thence to what was regarded as the far West. Some were months in reaching their destination near the Mississippi River. Those who were overtaken by winter, suffered terribly in the tedious journey. They passed through regions sparsely settled, with the people poor and having small supplies for their own use and little to sell to strangers. When the settlers reached their new homes the manner of living was very different from that of their former abodes. Young children died and delicate mothers pined away under the hard conditions of prairie life. Yet, the thrifty in the course of years established CUSTOMS AND LOCAL HISTORY. 119 comfortable homes and lived in plenty. Some, from the rise of their lands in value, became wealthy. It is said of one family that they loaned all their money, $600, and when the borrower failed, they felt it a great hardship that they received only a piece of prairie land. In the course of years the city of St. Louis ex- tended around and over their property and the younger generation have been living in affluence from the sale of their city lots, and the rentals of portions of their inheritance. A strange halucination of the times was the expectation of great wealth from the raising of silk. It was believed that a new industry had been introduced, more profitable to farmers than the raising of grain and making of butter. Whole ship loads of young trees and cuttings of the white Italian and morus-multicaulus mul- berries were imported, and fields planted with the worthless growth. Silkworms eggs were brought from southern Europe and the East, and sold all over the country. Men, women and boys gathered leaves and fed the worms, which were hatched by expos- ing the eggs to warmth and the rays of the sun. The amount of silk was so inconsiderable and of so little value for manufacture, that the speculation died out as speedily as it had sprung up. The descendants of the foreign trees are still occasionally seen, the vestiges of the short-lived scheme. Some importers of the trees made great fortunes, but many more who embarked in the enter- prise lost heavily. After the second war with Great Britain there was great pov- erty throughout the country. The national resources were in a deplorable condition. There was little money in circulation and great business depression. Farm products brought low prices and our community suffered in common with other places. Then came a reaction, and business was conducted upon the credit sys- tem. Paper money and promises to pay took the place of coin. jSo one thought of paying in actual money. The United States Bank came into operation, and the State Legislatures chartered banks for almost every town. Our own village had its charter entitled " An Act to incorporate the Hamburg Bank," passed by the Legislature in 1837. Fortunately, perhaps, as it was ready to go into operation, some occurrences delayed organization, and its 120 [IAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. bills never went into circulation. Some of these State Banks were conducted honestly, but too many, with small assets in their vaults, issued their bills and sent them broadcast wherever they could dispose of them, (living and endorsing of notes was the common practice. Long credits were given and payments made in written promises to pay after so many days from date. Upon these principles trade was very active. Many were induced to make purchases, because the pay day might be so indefinitely postponed. The Philosopher's stone, which John Randolph de- clared, he had found comprehended in four words," Pay as you go,'" was lost sight of. Sales were made, property exchanged owners, and real estate rose very high. Speculation of all kind was rife. Town lots were staked off and cities grew upon paper. Many men were suddenly accounted wealthy, and reckoned their imag- inary wealth by the thousands and hundred of thousands of dol- lars. This insecure basis could not stand however, and in due time the bubble burst. When inflation came to its end, it scattered dismay on every side. The charter of the United States Bank ex- pired in 1830, and was renewed bv authority of the State of Penn- sylvania. It suspended specie payment in I80T, a measure fol- lowed with few exceptions by all the banks throughout the coun- try. These suspensions were followed by disastrous consequences to many. Failures and bankruptcy spread through business cir- cles. ( 'redit ceased as notes went to protest, and men were una- ble to meet their obligations. Many who believed themselves secure in their possessions, awoke to see that their riches had taken wings and they were penniless. Manufacturing ceased and work- men were thrown out of employment. Snitfftown, as narrated by Col. .Joseph Sharp, received its name from liquor being sold on the top of the mountain, the men who went there to have their jugs filled called it " going to buy snuff." Then a set of men frequented it for their frolics and called it " Snufftown.'" So that "going to Snufftown " was equiv- alent to going on a drinking carouse. The name still adheres to the locality from old usage, although the railroad station and Post Office are called Stockholm, from the iron works which were CUSTOMS AND LOCAL HISTORY. 121 formerly carried on a little farther down on the Pequannock stream. The name of the river Pequannock means, in the Indian lan- guage, the dark or black creek. The whole range of the Ham- burg Mountains was called by the Indians " Wa-wa-gan-da," which is still applied to a part of the range, with the change of a single letter, making Wawayanda. Yery near the county line, on the Pequannock River, stood the " Windham forge," and a little farther up stood the " New Snufttosvn forge."' Then on the Seward branch stood the forge, grist mill and saw mill of Stephen Ford Margerum. Podiunk is said to have been the name of an Indian chief, from whom the mountain was called. The termination unh is frequent with Indian names of mountains, as Monunka Chunk, Musconetcunk, Shawangunk, and others in New York and Penn- sylvania. CHAPTER VII J. MEXICAN AND CIVIL WARS Hardyston bad little part in the Mexican Wak. Fowler Hamilton, son of Benjamin and Sally Hamilton, was a graduate of the West Point Military Academy. He served with distinction under General Taylor and General Scott, rose to the rank of Major in the Regular Army, and died while on duty in Texas, after the war. Wallace C. Collett was a student at law in Hamburg when the war broke out. He returned to Paterson, his native place, and raised a Volunteer Company, who chose him Captain. He took his company to Texas and served in several battles under General Taylor. A Lieutenant from Orange Co. challenged him to a duel, in which he was killed. His brother was Colonel Mark "W. Collett, of the 1st X. J. Volunteers, who fell while gallantly leading his regiment at Salem Heights, Va., May 3d, 18G3. Mr. Edsall, our Member of Congress from this District, had obtained promise from President Polk, that if a company was raised here it would be accepted and the officers he nominated commissioned. The company was raised, but the officers did not receive their commissions, and nothing came from the enlistments, much to the disappointment of our young men. HARDYSTON IX THE CIVIL WAR. 123 HAKDYSTON IN THE CIVIL WAR. With the national uprising that followed the assault upon Fort Sumpter, our section fully sympathized. A few of the yoBDg men entered the three months service of the first volunteers, but most of those who desired to go found the ranks of the New Jersey quota already filled. The defeat of Bull Run had very marked effect in arousing patriotic feeling. Soon after August, 1861, Thomas R. Haines was authorized to recruit men for the New Jersey Cavalry Regiment which was being raised. Meet- ings were held and addresses made in school houses and public places, and in a short time the required number enlisted, and formed Co. K. 1st Regiment, New Jersey Cavalry. Haines de- ferred his claims to the captaincy of this company in favor of his friend, Virgil Brodvick, and accepted the 1st lieutenantcy. Company M. of the same regiment was also mainly recruited here, and Haines was subsequently made its Captain. In the pursuit of Jackson up the Shenandoah Valley, the 1st N. J. Cavalry was placed in the advance. On the 6th of June, 1862, Colonel Windham, contrary to orders, advanced his com- mand beyond his supports and fell into an ambuscade at Harrison- burg, Va. He was himself with a number of officers and men captured, and Captain Haines was killed. Lieutenant Alansox Austin was at the time of his enlist- ment a clerk in a Newton store. He was a cousin of Captain Haines, and commissioned 2d Lieutenant of Co. M. At the bat- tle of Cedar Mountain August 9th, 1862, he was struck by a shell which took oft* his right leg. He was carried to the rear, but soon afterwards expired with patriotic sentiments upon his lips, and asking Chaplain Pency to pray with him. Virgil Brodrick, born near Lafayette, was clerk for some time in a store in Hamburg, and afterwards at Newton. He served as private in the first three months volunteers, and was made Captain of Co. K. 1st N. J. Cavah\y. He passed through many battles, showing great courage, rose to the rank of Lieut. Colonel, and was in command of the regiment at the battle of Brandy Station, Va., June 9th, 1863, leading his men in a charge 124 HABDYSTON MEMORIAL. upon the enemy's camp at daylight. He was struck by a bullet and fell almost at the entrance to the tent of General J. E. B. Stuart, and was buried in Virginia. The 1st N. J. Cavalry Regiment participated in nearly one hun- dred fights during the four years of the war. Few organizations have left a more honorable record. Companies Iv. & M. poured out their blood on the numerous battle fields, and left many of their fallen to slumber in southern soil. Survivors still bear the scars of their honorable warfare, and it is their glory that they belonged to this regiment. The handsome monument, erected by the State of New Jer- sey on the Rummel farm, near Gettysburg, to the memory of the fallen of this regiment, has inscribed upon it the names of the three officers above mentioned. Under the President's call of July 7th, 1862, for three hun- dred thousand volunteers, three companies were raised in Sussex County for the 15th Regiment N. J. Infantry. Co. D. was re- cruited in Lafayette, Co. I. in Newton, and Co. K. in Hardyston. Samuel Fowler, of Franklin Furnace, was appointed Colo- nel. He commanded the regiment until after its arrival at Bakersville, Md., where it was brigaded in the 1st Brigade N. J. troops, 1st Division, 6th Army Corps. At this place Colonel Fowler was stricken with typhoid fever, and when the army moved across the Potomac into Virginia he was left behind under the care of Surgeon Sharp. From this attack he never fully re- covered. For a time he resumed his command, but was by ill health forced to resign his commission March 6th, 1863. Colonel Fowler was born at Franklin, in 1S18, and inherited many traits of character from his father, Dr. Samuel Fowler. His mother was Rebecca Wood Piatt, daughter of Robert Ogden 3d, of Ogdensburg. lie was untiring in his efforts to further enlist- ments, and his influence was largely felt in gathering the com- panies which nis county and State sent into the field. He studied law with Governor Haines, was admitted to practice, but never continuously followed his profession. lie was naturally eloquent, and gifted with a degree of personal magnetism, which had great power to sway an audience. Leaving the army, he retired to his LIARDYBTON IX THE CIVIL WAR. 125 home at Franklin. Chosen to the State Legislature, he insisted upon being taken from a sick bed to make the journey to Trenton He was present at the organization of the House of Assembly, in the discharge of what he regarded as a duty, and was taken back to his hotel, where he shortly breathed his last,' January, 1865. His funeral was attended by the Legislature in a body, and he was buried at North Church Cemetery. Lieutenant John Fowler was a brother of the Colonel, and the youngest son of Dr. Samuel Fowler, born at Franklin 1825. He first entered the military service as 2d Lieutenant Co. K., 1st N. J. Cavalry. lie resigned his commission in the Cav- alry, and upon the organization of the 15th X. J. Vols, was appointed 2d Lieutenant Co. K., and promoted 1st Lieuten- ant of same company, lie was in charge of the ambulance train, but anticipating the moving of the army, had some days before requested to be returned to his regment. He came back only to sacrifice his life, and to be killed by a bullet shot just before sundown in the battle of Salem Heights, Ya., May 3d, 1883. A comrade wrote : " He was in the thickest of the fight, leading his company, when he was struck by a minnie ball in the left side of the breast, and with a single excla- mation fell to the ground, and lay perfectly motionless. At this moment we were ordered to fall back, and were obliged to leave our wounded and dead in the hands of the enemy/' His body was never recovered from the battle Held. A handsome cenotapli is erected to his memory in North Church Cemetery. John P. Fowler, born Nov. 13th, 1813, nephew of Dr. Samuel Fowler, was Captain of Co. M. 1st N. J. Cavalry, but re- signed his commission and accepted the appointment of Sergeant- Major of the 15th N. J. Vols. A brave and gallant man, his name was the first placed on the list for promotion to a com- mission in the regiment. A railroad bank below Fredricksburg had been captured by a part of the N. J. Brigade, on the after- noon of December 13th, 1862. Fearless of danger he stood upon the track, rendering himself, a tall man, a conspicuous mark for the enemy's sharp-shooters. A bullet struck him in the thigh, severing a large artery. In the confusion of the moment it was 126 1IARDVSTON MEMORIAL. impossible to stay the flow of blood, and he expired in a few min- utes. He was buried at evening ; and as w r e were recrossing the Rappahannock two days later, his cousin, Col. Fowler, arrived, his body was taken up, sent to Washington for embalment, and to Hamburg for burial. ( )n his tomb is inscribed : " He fell gal- lantly fighting for the constitution, the union, and the enforce- ment of the laws." Henry M. Fowler was the second son of Sergeant Major Fowler, born near Hamburg in 1846. He was sixteen years old when he enlisted in Co. K. 15th N. J. Vols. Upon the death of the father the Governor gave the commission intended for him to his son, who was made 2d Lieutenant Co. G. He was wounded and captured at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12th, 1864. After a painful experience of the hardships and cruelties of Southern prisons, he made his escape from the cars as a large body of prisoners were being transported to another place of confinement. By a romantic series of adventures and deliverances in the moun- tains and swamps, he at last reached the Union lines in Tennessee . He returned to the regiment and received his second promotion to be captain of Co. A. After the war he served in the regular army, and lost his life some years later in New Orleans during the prevalence of the yellow fever. He fell a victim to his sense of duty, refusing to leave his post, where he had charge of the large city cemetery. His memory wf.s honored by a meeting largely attended by Confederate and Union officers in the city, who paid all the expenses of his burial and sent his orphan children to the North. Martin ( '. Van Gelder was ( )rderly Sergeant of Co. K. 15th N. J. Vols. He was born at Hamburg about 1835, and was liv- ing at Deckertown, when he enlisted. He was mortally wounded at sunset in the battle of May 8th, 1863, at Spottsylvania, Va., and fell within the enemies lines, but after dark some of his com- rades reached him and brought him oft' in a blanket. As they carried him in, he said, "Tell my wife I die happy, Jesus is my Savior." He suffered great agonv from a wound in the breast and could not lie down without causing the blood to flow afresh. ( )n the 19th of May he died in the hospital at Fredericks- HARDYSTON IN THE CIVIL WAR. 127 burg. Among others of Co. K., who fell in battle, or died from wounds were : James Cassidy, Corporal of the Color Guard, born at Ham- burg 1835, wounded at Spottsylvania, May, 8th 1864, and died May 22d. Buried at Fredericksburg, Va. Chileon II. Brown, Corporal, born near Hamburg 1812, killed at Fisher's Hill, Va., September 22d, 1864, and buried on battle field. Franklin S. Bishop, 24 years old, killed at Salem Heights, May 3d, 1863, body never recovered. Monmouth Boyd, born near Hamburg, 1843, died June 8th, 1864, from wounds received May 8th, at Spottsylvania, Va., buried at Arlington. Isaac Byram, killed at Cedar Creek, October 19th, 1864, buried at Winchester. Seaman Conklin, 25 years old, killed at Spottsylvania, May 8th, 1S64 buried on battle field. Andrew J. Doyle, born at Franklin, 1844. He had been twice badly wounded, and preferred to return to his regiment rather than be transferred to the Invalid Corps. He came back from the hospital a short time before the battle of Cedar Creek, Va., in which he was killed by a shell, which struck oft* his head? October 19th, 1864. He was buried by his comrades near the spot where he fell. Lewis L. Kent, Corporal, was a shoemaker at Hamburg, born 1823. When the Sixth Corps withdrew from the south bank of the Rappahannock, on the night of June 13th, 1863, the passage across the river was effected so quietly that numbers of our soldiers were not aware of it until the bridge was taken up. In a shelter tent under the bank were sleeping privates Albert Fowler, Hiram C. Sands, and Kent. In the morning they found themselves prisoners and were marched off to Richmond. They were shortly after exchanged, and Kent came home on a furlough. In the charge at Spottsylvania May 12th, 1864, he was instantly killed by a bullet wound in the breast, and buried on the field three days after the battle, near the Salient (Bloody Angle). 128 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. Andrew Lambert, 23 years old, killed at Salem Heights, Va., May 3d, 1863. Body not recovered. Bowdewine Meddalgh, nineteen years old, died at Alexan- dria, Va., June 7th, from wounds received May 12th, 1861. at Spottsylvania, buried in National Cemetery. Sidney N. Monks, born at SnufFtown in 1810, killed in the Wilderness, Va., May 6th, 1861, and buried on the battle field. Daniel O'Leary died May 11th, from wounds received at Salem Heights May 3d, 1863, buried at Washington, D. C. Eli D. VanCIorden, of Wantage, born 1S12, killed at Salem Church, Va., May 3d, 1863, body not recovered. Barney A^ an Orden, of Hamburg, aged 11, killed at Salem Church, Va., May 3d, 1863, body not recovered. Charles A. Zeek, aged 25, killed at Salem Church May 3d, 1S63, body not recovered. Obadiah P. Lantz. Co 1.. 15 N. 1. Vols., aged 21, and Joseph W. Stonaback, Co. D., 15 X. J.Vols., aged 21, died from typhoid fever, in the army, in 1S63. Their remains were brought home and buried in North Church Cemetery. List of soldiers buried in Hardyston : AT NORTH CHURCH CEMETERY. 1. Samuel Fowler, Colonel 15 Regiment N. J. Vols. 2. Thomas R. Haines, Captain Co. M., 1st Regt. N. J. Cav. 3. Cenotaph to John Fowler, Lieutenant Co. X., 15th N. J. Vols. 1. Henry O. Fowler, Co. 11., 37th N. J. Vols, 5. George W. Doland, Co. M., 1st N. J. Cav. 6. Charles Price, Co. M., 1st N. J. Cav. 7. Nathaniel I). Martin, Corporal Co. X., 1st N. J. Cav. 8. Thomas J. Lewis, Sergeant Co. X., 1st N. J. Cav. 9. Obadiah P. Lantz, Co. L, 15th N. J. Vols. 10. Joseph W. Stonaback, Co. D., 15th N. J. Vols. 11. William Lozaw, Co. K., 15th N. J. Vols. 12. Daniel Everman, Co. X., 15th N. J. Vols. 13. John E. Congleton, Sergeant Co. D., 27tli N. J. A'ols. HARDYSTON INK TH CIVIL WAR. 129 14. John Cassady, Co. II., 27th X. J. Vols. 15. Nelson Mabee, Co. D., 27th N. J. Vols. 16. Searing Wade, Co. I)., 27th N. J. Vols. 17. Joel Campbell, Penn. Vols. is. James McDaniels, 16th N". Y. Independent Battery. 19. Matthew Babcock, Co. B., 124 X. Y. Vols. 20. Martin Wright. AT HAMBURG. 21. John P. Fowler, Sergeant Major 15th N. J. A r ols. 22. Daniel W. Tinkey, N. Y. Engineers. CHAPTEE IX. EAKLY CHURCHES. In 1738 the population of New Jersey was less than fifty thousand, and that of Sussex County between five and six hun- dred. " At that time there was not a school house or a meeting house within the limits of territory comprising the present coun- ties of Sussex and Warren." [Edsall.] The Hollanders, in the Minisink region, selected from their own people a youth of talent, sixteen years of age, John Casper Fryenmoet, whom they sent for education to Holland. They paid his expenses for four years, and upon his return in 1741, erected four buildings for his use. These were the Mahackemack Church, now Port Jervis, the Minisink in Montague, the Wal- pack, and the Smithfield in Pennsylvania. The first Greenwich Presbyterian Church was built of logs previous to 1744, in which James Campbell preached, and also David Brainerd, when in the vicinity. Peter John Bernhard and Casper Schaeffer, his son-in-law, were Germans, who came in 1742 from Philadelphia to Stillwa- ter. With other Germans they formed a congregation and appropriated a plot of ground for burial purposes, and for a church site. Mr. Bernhard died in 1748, and his was the first interment in the new cemetery. A church building was erected In 1771. The congregation was German Reformed in its con- nection, and was subsequently merged into the Presbyterian Church of Newton. KARLY CHURCHES. 131 Edsall says : " in 1TC9 Newton contained an Episcopal congregation ; about the same time a German congregation was gathered, and a Presbyterian congregation was soon brought together." The congregations at Newton had no church buildings for a long time afterwards, and their membership was small. After the Court House was erected the Presbyterians held servi- ces in it until their church was built in 1787 ; and there also the Rev. Uzal Ogden, the Episcopal minister, preached from 1771 until his removal in 1779. The church at Beemer Meeting House was organized by set- tlers from Connecticut. Its government at first was Presbyterian inform, but afterwards it united with the Connecticut Association and became congregational. Its earliest pastor w T as A. Augustine, of whom little is known. The second was Jabez Colver, who was accused of Toryism during the Revolutionary war, and after the conflict removed to Canada, having served this church for thirty years. There the government gave him a large tract of land. He held extensive landed property in Sussex County, and Culver's (iap, and Culver's Pond were probably named for him. His suc- cessor was Rev. Mr. Seely, a godly man, who visited in Hardy s- ton, and occasionally preached and administered the sacraments in the Gary Meeting House. Mr. Kanouse, in 1844, says of him : " He was a good man, and much beloved by his people, and is still remembered by the aged with delight. Under his ministry the church was built up by hopeful conversions to God.'' Seven other pastors succeeded Mr. Seely, the last of whom was Rev. Bar- ret Matthias, a cultivated and graceful speaker, and a vigorous and interesting writer upon religious subjects. On the 13th of July, 1844, the church resolved by unanimous vote to unite with the Second Presbyterian Church of Wantage. It was constituted a separate organization by Newton Presbytery in 1882, and is now called the Papakating Presbyterian Church. The earliest settlers at Hamburg were Presbyterians and Reformed Dutch, who had occasionally religious meetings in their houses as early as 1750. Says Mr. William Rankin : "In 1770 three families came here from Rhode Island, named Marsh, Hart and Southworth, who were Baptists." The Baptists of the towns of 132 HABDYSTON MEMORIAL. Wantage, llardyston and Newton, " banded together in church relation," with William Marsh as their preacher. An old bond, executed by William Marsh, of I lardy s Town, October 20th, 1762, to Robert Ogden 2d, shows that he was living here at. that date, and also that Judge Ogden had at that early time business trans- actions with the inhabitants along the Wallkill. Marsh lost his life in the massacre of Wyoming, in 1778. In 1777 the Baptists chose Constant Hart as pastor, and organ- ized a religious society, taking the name of the " Baptist Church of AVantage, Hardystown and Newtown." They built a house of worship on Lawrence's Hill, to the west of Hamburg. Its loca- tion was not satisfactory to the Baptist families, who were mostly in Wantage; and in 1782, five years after its erection, it was taken down and rebuilt in Wantage, and became " The First Baptist Church of Wantage," more commonly known as the Pa- pakating Meeting House. The Dutch ministers from the Minisink region visited the settlers of the Clove, and at a meeting of the inhabitants, August 21st, 1787, a petition was drawn up and signed by fifty-five names, asking for organization as a Low Dutch Church from the Olassis of New Brunswick. At September classis, 1787, "was granted and ordered the formation of a congregation in the (love and vicinity." " Agreeable to said order," elders and deacons were ordained, and the church was constituted April 16th, 1788, by Rev. Elias Y. Bunschooten, its oiily pastor while it continued a Dutch Church. Helmos Titsworth's barn served as a meeting house for a time, until a log church was built a little south of the present edifice. By vote of the members, November 24th, 1817, it became Presbyterian. The following record is found in the Clerk's office at Newton: " At a meeting of the Presbyterian congregation in llardys- ton, in the county of Sussex, holden at the dwelling house of Rob. Ogden, Esq., the present and most usual place of meeting of said congregation, on Thursday, 23d Novebmer, A. D., 1786, in order to form a body corporate and choose trustees, agreeable to the act of the Legislature of this State, passed the 10th March, 1786, due notice having been given by advertisements agreeable to the directions of said act. A sermon was preached by the Rev. EARLY CHURCHES. 133 .las. Wilson previous to the election. The meeting then proceeded to business and chose Rob. Ogden, Esq., Moderator; Kob. Ogden, Jr., Clerk. The Modera- tor and Clerk being chosen, the meeting proceeded to the choice of trustees, when the following gentlemen were elected : Rob. Ogden, Esq., Christopher Hoagland, Esq., Charles Beardslee, Esq., Christopher Longstreet, Japhet By ram, Rob. Ogden, Jr., Esq., Thomas VanKirk, Esq. " I certify the above proceedings to be regular and true. Ron. Ogden, Moderator. ,, At the same meeting, the trustees chosen, took the oaths re- quired by the act of the Legislature, and assumed the name and title of the " First Presbyterian Church in Hardyston." " It would not be amiss to date the church back to the time when services were held in the house of Robert Ogden. This was perhaps as early as 1780. The church was built on land (to the extent of 54 acres,) given for that purpose by the proprietaries of New Jersey. For some years it was a mere shell of frame, roofed and weatherboarded, with roughly hewn seats for the wor- shippers. The old frame remains to-day, apparently as strong as when first put together. The original members of the church are supposed to have numbered ten, and to have been named as fol- lows : Christian Clay, Mary Clay, his wife; Jonathan Sutton, Robert Ogden, Jonathan Sharp, -lane Mills, wife of Robert Mills ; Mary Johnson, wife of Andrew Johnson ; Gabriel Paine, John Linn, and Martha, [his mother.] April 8th, 1810, there were 40 on the roll. May 14th, 1819, there were 99 active members of the church, and 49 of them were dismissed to form the church of North Hardyston, and 13 to form that of Hamburg, leaving 37 to continue the First Church of Hardyston. " [Chambers Sparta Memorial.] The congregation of the First Church of Hardyston began the erection of a house of worship at the head of the Wallkill, now Sparta village, in the spring of 1786. This organization was designed to include all the Presbyterians of the town, but the inhabitants of North Hardyston, who worshipped at Cary's meet- ing House, petitioned for land to be given them also, within a reasonable distance. The petition was favorably considered, and a second donation of land was secured through the courtesy of Judge Lewis Morris, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and a parsonage lot of 54 acres was set off for congregational pur- 134 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. poses to the people of North Hardjston. The land given is a part of the farm of Asa Munson, and known in his deeds as " the Parsonage Lot." The minutes of record at Perth Amboy, are in Book S, S, page 142, 30th May, 1787. Grants of land had been made by the East Jersey Proprietors for church purposes to the leading denomination of each town. In Newton the Episcopalians were stronger and received the gift of a farm ; in Hardyston the Presbyterians were the most num- erous, and obtained the double gift here spoken of. The date of the erection of the first Gary Meeting House cannot be given with certainty. 1782, the year the Baptists re- moved their church from Hamburg, is accepted by some, and a commemorative meeting was held at the North Church in 1882. Others think it was standing during the Revolutionary War. Deacon Garret Kemble said, " It stood there long before." The testimony of the few living who worshipped there in early life makes it a very old building. Burials were made on the spot as early as 1774. Mrs. Sally Hamilton described it as having a very substantial frame, and said it was used many years before its com- pletion. The ceiling was never plastered, and the swallows made their nests on the beams. A subscription paper, dated June 19th, 1813, speaks "of the decayed situation of the old meeting house near the Wd. Beard - slee's." A building must have stood many years, before such a description would be suitable. The Gary Meeting House continued its connection with the First Church in Hardyston, at the head of the Wallkill, until May loth, 1819, when it was organized as a distinct church with sixty-one members. Fifty of these came by letter and eleven were received on profession. On July 18th, nineteen more were received by letter, and eight on profession, making the total mem- bership eighty-eight. The corporate name adopted was " The North Presbyterian Church of Hardyston." The " Presbyterian Church of Hamburg " was constituted a separate church May 14th, 1819, the day previous to the organi- zation of the North Church of Hardyston and by the same com- mittee of Presbytery. The records have long disappeared. EARLY CHURCHES. 135 Very little is now remembered of the early ministry of the First Church in Hardyston. The names of He v. Mr. Jackson, and of Rev. Mr. Seeley, from the Frankford and Wantage, or Beemer Meeting House, Church, appear as doing ministerial ser- vice among our people. Rev. Holloway Whitefield Hunt was the earliest pastor of whom much can be' said. There is no record of stated preaching in our churches until 1795, when Mr. Hunt took charge of the 1st Hardyston, Cary's Meeting House, and Newton Churches, serving them until 1802. He received from Robert Ogden the use of a farm, and finally the possession of it, conditioned upon his re- maining as minister to these churches for seven years. He re- ceived his deed, gave his receipt in full, and shortly moved away- He was of an English family who came to America in 1652. His parents were Augustine Hunt and Lydia Holloway, and he was born in Orange Co., N. Y., 9th April, 1769. His father, who removed to Wyoming, Pa., but after the massacre, in 1778, fled with his family and returned to Orange Co., advised his son to seek some life work for himself, saying, " All I have to give you is a dollar and the blessing of God.'' After his conversion, Hollo- way began to preach as a Methodist minister, but found his edu- cation inadequate, and as soon as he had secured means, — by chopping wood and cleaning land — he prepared for college, grad- uated at Nassau Hall in 1791, and came here the following year. He was licensed by the Presbytery of New Brunswick, in Decem- ber, 1794, ordained and installed over the churches of Newton and Hardyston, June 17th, 1795, and died January 11th, 1858, in his 89th year. During his ministry the Presbyterians of Hamburg used a large school-house, with a chimney at each end, which occupied very nearly the site of the present Presbyterian Church. In this school-house Mr. Hunt frequently held evening services. On one occasion he preached a sermon, ever remembered by Mrs. Sally Hamilton, upon the words, " Faith, Hope and Charity." When. Joseph Sharp was living here, he took down the large school- house, and built a smaller one, near where the iron bridge of the Lehigh & Hudson River Railroad stands. Mr. Hunt's brother 130 lIARnYSTON MEMORIAL. whom lie assisted in educating, and several of his sons and grandsons, became ministers. From 1802 the church had for three years supplies furnished by the New York Presbytery. In the winter of 1805 Barnabas King, a frail and youthful looking man, a graduate of Dartmouth ( 1 ollege, who had studied for the ministry, was teaching in the State of New York, and preparing to go further west to some of the newly formed settlements. A friend, Mr. Beach, of Morris County ^ had written to him that there was an open door in north- ern New Jersey. He purchased a horse, crossed the Hudson River at Newburg, and entered New Jersey near Vernon. On Christmas eve he stopped for the night at a tavern where there was a country ball, but obtained very little rest. This was prob- ably the old tavern house in Hamburg whose site is now occupied by the new house of Henry \\ r . Edsall. The next day the trav- eller reached the hospitable mansion of Robert Ogden, who gave him a cordial welcome. Rev. Albert Barnes wrote that he knew of no minister whose walk and labor and success had been so admirable as those of Barn- abas King, of Rockaway. < me of our members recollects his com- ing to the house of her father, Judge John Linn, at Harmony Vale, to baptize one of his children. Robert Ogden gave Mr. King a letter of introduction to his son-in-law, Colonel Joseph Jackson, of Rockaway. The churches of Rockaway and Berk- shire Valley were vacant, and Mr. King took charge of them in connection with Sparta and the Cary Meeting House, and this arrangement continged for three years, when he received a call to preach one-half of his time at RocKaway, with the salary of $125, and afterwards of $208. A great revival began at Rockaway, and at one communion nearly eighty were received into the church. " lie began at once," says Dr. Joseph F. Tuttle, " in the most systematic manner to minister to his people. He not only preached in every neighborhood, but visited every house for re- ligious instruction and prayer. I lis labors became excessive at times, and for weeks together amounting to ten public services a weak, besides his regular visits in the parish and visits to the KAULV CHURCHES. 137 sick."" lie died in April, 1862, in his eighty-second year, and after a pastorate of fifty-live years. In 1810 Oliver Gueen, a licentiate, became stated supply. Before his ordination lie died at the house of Robert Ogden, August 24th. 1810, and was buried in the rear of the Sparta Church, where Mr. Ogden placed a tombstone to his memory. lie was the son of Oliver Green, of Ashburnham, England, grad- uated at Dartmouth ( 1 ollege in 1807, and was licensed to preach by South Worcester Association. In 1S11 Joseph Linn Siiafek, D. 1)., began his ministry, giving by agreement one Sabbath out of four to the congregation at Cary's Meeting House, and preaching also at Sparta and New- ton. He received $132 from the North Church as their propor- tion of the salary. In lSir> he ceased to preach in Hardyston and took the exclusive charge at Newton, remaining there as pas- tor until his death, with the exception of two years spent at Mid- dletown Point. Casper Scl wetter came from the Palatinate, Germany, and set- tled in 1712 on the bank of the Tehoe-neteong creek, now the Paulins Kill, near the site of the present village of Stillwater, lie married Maria Catrina, daughter of .John Peter Bernhard, who also settled in Stillwater. Casper had eight children, of whom Isaac was the sixth. Isaac Sehaeffer married for his second wife, Martha Linn, daughter of Joseph Linn and Martha Kirkpa trick. Joseph L., their oldest child, was born at Stillwater May 9, 1787, united with the Yellow Frame Church in his fourteenth year, and died at Newton November 12th, 1853. His wife was Diana Forman, of Freehold. Dr. Shafer's usefulness continued until he was stricken with paralysis, shortly before his death, while reading the closing hymn after his sermon. He was most conscientious in his religious con- victions and affectionate toward the people of his charge. His ministry in North Hardyston was distinguished by the building of two churches. A subscription list dated June 19th, 1813, reads: " We, the subscribers, being sensible of the decayed situation of the old meeting house near the widow Beardslee's, and of the necessity 138 HARDY ST0N MEMORIAL. and great utility of having a decent and comfortable house erected at or near the place where the old one stands, for public worship, do engage to pay the several sums annexed to our respective names. When a sufficient sum is subscribed, managers shall be chosen to contract and superintend the work, and Martin Byer- son, Israel Munson, George Buckley, Noah Hammond, Peter AVhitaker and J. Sutton shall be a committee to circulate sub- scriptions to raise funds for the purpose aforesaid." John Linn subscribed $150 ; Samuel Fowler, $150 ; George Beardslee, $150 ; James Scott, $100 ; Charles Beardslee, $100, and others very lib- eral sums amounting to $1,133. Noah Hammond subscribed $45 " if no house is built at Hamburg." The portion of the congregation who before went up the hill complained so much, that the new house was placed below it, near where Colonel Cary's log house once stood. A paper endorsed "" Memorandum of Proceedings and resolutions respecting building a Meeting-house near "VViddow Beardslee's in Hardiston, 1814," reads : £i At a meeting held at the Widdow Beardslee's the 1st day of February, A. D., 1814, to consult upon the propriety of building the Meeting House near the old house in that place it was resolved to go on ; and that George Beardslee, Doctor Samuel Fowler, and Samuel Beardslee be the managers to Con- tract and superintend the work. " And that John Buckley, Jr., Beverly Beardslee, George Buckley, and Peter AVhitaker, Esqr., be Collectors, to collect the Money subscribed for the purpose of building said House. And that John Linn, Esqr., be and hereby is chosen Treasurer. It was moved and carried that the Treasurer and Collectors act in that capacity without fee or reward. And the Managers be only allowed pay when out from home on expense." By Feb. 10th, 1814, bills were presented for shingles pur- chased and lumber hauled, showing that the work went promptly on after the congregational meeting was held. A debt contracted was not wholly paid off until after 1S20. The building in an unfinished condition was occupied that winter, and for several suc- ceeding years. Dr. Fairchild speaks of it in 1830 as "scarcely finished." EARLY CHURCHES. 139 From the time the Post Office was established until the break- ing out of the second war with Great Britain there was much business energy and some village pride in Hamburg. The build- ing of a church in the place had been discussed, and March 21st, 1808, a meeting was held by a few influential citizens, who ap- pointed a committee to secure subscriptions for a meeting house, to be called the Hamburg Church, and to be free to all denomin- ations. Nothing, however, came of it. In 1813 when the matter of rebuilding the Cary Meeting House was under discussion, the Presbyterians of this place re- solved to build, and shortly after the two structures were going up at the same time. Mr. Martin Ryerson, who called himself a Quaker, promised to give the land. The Baptists subscribed nearly one hundred dollars, and when the deed was drawn up, dated January 10th, 1814, Mr. Ryerson refused to give the lot to the Presbyterians exclusively, but made it to the " Trustees of the United Presbyterian and Ana-baptist Society of Hamburg." AVhen the house was completed stated services were held in it by the ministers of the First and North Ilardyston congrega- tions, and the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's supper were administered. The Presbyterians exercised the prior use of the house, and continued until 1831 to have their Sabbath morning service here, alternating with the North Church. When the third North Church was dedicated Dr. Fairchild insisted upon preaching there every Sabbath morning, and giving the afternoon only to Hamburg. The Hamburg Church was originally almost square in plan, with a gallery on three sides. The wine glass shaped pulpit stood on a single pillar, and was reached by winding stairs. There were four square pews on each side and long seats through the middle of the house. The square pews were sold and deeds given for them as in the Sparta Church. The Second North Church re- sembled the Hamburg Church, and was built on the same model. Rev. Noah Crane came in 1816, and purchased a farm in Sparta, upon which he lived. He was born at Montclair July 14th, 1780 ; ordained by the " Associated Presbytery of Morris ( ounty ;" was our minister until 1818, and continued twelve years 140 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. longer at Sparta, lie was spoken of in terms of wannest affec- tion. His death occurred at Newark Sept. 16th, 1851. Burr Baldwin, a licentiate of New York Presbytery, preached here for one year, 1818, and was greatly blessed in his work. The wave of the great revival of 1800 reached this region, and the activity of the pastors in our county was finally crowned with joyous ingatherings. There were several " general meetings 1 ' in which a number of churches united. As a specimen of these, we may name one held at Beemer Meeting House. Robert ( >gden records it in his diary as follows : "1818, Tuesday, 25th August. After breakfast set off with Mr. Crane to go the General Meeting at Beemer's Church, in Frankford. Eat dinner at Judge Linn's. In the evening attended the prayer-meeting in Beemer's church ; about 100 assembled. Lodged at N. Beemer's. AVednesday morning attended the prayer- meeting at sunrise ; about fifty were present. At nine assembled for worship. Mr. Greer, Mr. Williams, Mr. Shafer, Mr. Crane, Mr. Baldwin and Mr. Allen attended. Mr. Greer preached, the others exhorted. At twelve had an hour's intermission. Assem- bled at one. Mr. Allen preached, the others exhorted. ( 1 losed the exercises before four o'clock. It was supposed 1500 were collected. Xo accident or disturbance happened. * '"" * * After breakfast Thursday morning came home. Mr. ( 'rane eat dinner with me. After dinner went to prayer-meeting [Sparta].'' Some dissatisfaction was expressed at the suggestion that Mr. Allen should preach at the great meeting. He was very youth- ful looking and a stranger. But as he stood in the doorway he soon carried the hearts of his great auditory with the earnest, piercing words he used. They were deeply affected, and from this time Mr. Allen's reputation as a preacher was established. Mr. Allen has himself recorded another account of this great meeting. EXTRACTS FROM THE DIARY OF REV. EDWARD ALLEN. "Sabbath 23d August, 18 IS. This day a Presbyterian Church was duly organized in Newfoundland. The ordinances were administered at Brownville in a barn. This was a very sol- emn dav. The largest audience assembled that I have ever seen KAKLY CHURCHES. 141 in this region of the country, between 4 and 500. Dr. McDowell preached from the words, ' And he shall see of the travail of his soul.' While the ordinances were administered a no. of affec- ting addresses were made. It was a time of deep solemnity. Mr. Green preached in the p. \r. from the words, ' And yet there is room." I trust that the transactions of this day will not soon be forgotten. Mr. Green and myself rode to Snufftown. I preached in the evening at Mr. Ford's to a large assembly. " Tuesday, 25th August, 1818. Had made a promise to at- tend a great meeting about 20 miles distant — near Decker Town. This had been appointed by Eev'd Mr. Williams and Mr. Baldwin. Arrived at Judge Linn's at even. " Wednesday, 26. In a gig with Judge Linn, rode to Beem- er Meeting House. Here found five Presbyterian Clergymen assembled, two of the Baptist order, one Methodist and one Inde- pendent. At 10 : public worship commenced. The exercises were opened by Mr. Williams. After an exhortation and prayer, Mr. Greer, of X. York State, preached a good sermon. He was succeeded by Mr. Crane, of Sparta. The audience was large and not half could get into the house. Mr. Shafer, of Newton, com- menced the exercises with a short prayer. I then preached a ser- mon, and was followed by exhortations from Mr. Baldwin and Mr. Shafer. At 1: the meeting was dissolved. In the p. m. we preached standing in the dooi. It was judged that nearly 2,000 persons were present, but the order and solemnity was as great as if it had been the Lord's day. Spent the night at Judge Linn's and had the pleasure of Mr. ( )gden's and Crane's company. ''Thursday, 27th August, continued at Mr. Linn's until p. >r. At 12 : was informed that Mr. Linn's brother had expired the da}- before. He was ill but half an hour before he became a corpse — a solemn providence. Spent the night in Hamburg at Mr. Udell's, a Methodist. We had much interesting and edifying- conversation during the evening and retired late. " Friday, 28th. Continued in Hamburg until 2 o'clock p. &t., dined at Mr. Gould's [Elder Johnson X. Gould]. Made arrange- ments to exchange labours with Br. Baldwin a few days the com- ing week. Arrived at Pittenger's Tavern at the appointed hour for meeting, and preached again in the evening at Mr. Young's to a crowded house, "How will you escape, if ye neglect so great salvation."' Many were affected and the meeting solemn. One man desired our prayers. "Tuesday, 1 September, 1818. Had agreed to exchange with Br. Baldwin for a few days. Set off for Judge Linn's where I had an appointment in the p. m. Preached to a crowded house — 142 IIARDYSTON MEMORIAL. the people gave good attention. Wednesday, 2d September, p. m., preached at Gary Meeting House to a full house, the people were attentive ; returned to Judge Linn's and spent the night. "Thursday, 3 September, 1818. In the p. m., with Mr. Linn rode to the place appointed for preaching. Found a crowd- ed house and spoke to them from these words, " O wicked man thou shalt surely die." Many appeared affected. I thought proper to appoint another meeting in the evening. Mr. Teasdale, a Baptist Clergyman was present and took part in the exercises. I spent the night with him at Mr. Hammond's. " Friday, 4 Sept. Arose at an early horn* and rode about a mile to Mr. Rorick's for breakfast. Was agreeably entertained with fruits. Came to Mr. Gould's, where I was hospitably enter- tained. In the r. m. visited a few families. They were willing to converse and some promised they would endeavor to reform. One man pleaded inability. In the evening addressed a very large audience. They were very attentive. I spoke from these words, ' O Jerusalem, &c, but ye would not.' " Saturday, 5 Sept. Rose at an early hour, walked 4 miles to Judge Linn's, took breakfast, and being favored with his horse and gig I went to Newton and spent a few hours at Br. Shafers. Returned and in the evening preached at Hamburg in a tavern. The people attended well. Spoke from the parable of the " Rich man and Lazarus." Spent the night at Mr. Ryerson's. Convers- ed with Mrs. R., an intelligent woman, relative to the concerns of her soul. Retired at a late hour. " Sabbath, 6 Sept. After the morning duties repaired to the house of God with raised affections. It pleased the Lord to put it in the hearts of many persons to assemble together this day. I felt animated while addressing so many precious souls — was ena- bled to speak with great freedom. I attempted to expose the vain excuses of sinners. In the p. m. spoke from the 1st verse of 29th chap, of Proverbs. After this went to Vernon, about six miles, and preached to a crowded house. Spent the night at Mr. Winans' tavern. Very agreeable family. "Monday, 7th. Returned to Newfoundland. Did not meet Br. Baldwin. Dined at Mr. Ford's. Eve'g. attended the monthly concert for prayer, we had a very interesting meeting — the house was crowded with people who were very solemn Conversed witli Mr. Babbitt who has recently embraced a hope." One day as Mr. Allen was returning from a meeting an old gentleman invited him into his house, and said that if the people would build a meeting house, he would give the land and fifty dollars. On October 1st, 1818, a meeting- was held in a school EARLY CHURCHES. 143 house, when the people resolved to build a church, and live Trus- tees were chosen. Mr. Allen was much engaged in Sunday Schools, of which there were several large and full. " One girl recited 1152 verses, and another 800." " Some youth commit 200 verses every week." " Thursday 8 Oct., 1818. Attended Pres- bytery at Elizabeth Town, and was examined for ordination. Six young men received License, viz : Crane, Condit, Armstrong, Babbitt, Osborn, Ford. " Tuesday 19th, 1818. In the evening preached my trial sermon for ordination in the session house of the Brick Church, [New York City] . It was determined that I be ordained at New- foundland on the 2d Tuesday in Nov. Spent the night with Br. Cox at the house of Mr. Dodge. " Sabbath, 24 Oct. This was considered by many as the most interesting day that was ever witnessed in Newfoundland. Two additional elders were elected. Thirteen persons were bap- tized, etc. Strictest attention from a large audience. Dr. Mc- Dowell preached and considered this as the most solemn day he ever witnessed. The Lord was evidently in the midst of us. I trust this was a day long to be remembered. "Tuesday, 10th Nov., [1818]. This day had been ap- pointed by Presbytery for my ordination as an Evangelist. The weather was very favorable. Ten of the clergy were present and seven elders — a very large concourse of people assembled. The exercises were performed in Capt. Martin Brown's barn. The Rev. Mr. Williams commenced the exercises. Mr. Condit made the opening prayer. An admirable sermon was preached by Samuel Cox, " I am not ashamed of the Gospel of Christ." Mr. Fisher made the consecration prayer and delivered the charge, and Dr. McDowell concluded the exercises by a pertinent address to the people. All was solemn and affecting. May I never for- get the solemnities of this day. The vows of God are upon me. May I ever look to him for assistance to fulfil the duties of my station. "Friday. 18 Dec, 1818. Rode through the mountains — ■ came to Bro. Bostedo's, [Methodist Minister] and preached in his house. Not many attended. About 10 in this place have united themselves to Mr. B.'s church. Arrived at Newfoundland and preached in the evening at the house of Maj. Sutton. The atten- dance was good. Had the pleasure of seeing Bro. Enos A. Os- born, on his way as a Missionary to Decker Town, to assist the Rev. Mr. AVilliams. The Lord is reviving his work in that region. " Jany. 1st, 1819. The year past my labors owned and blest 144 UABDYSTON MEMORIAL. of the Lord. A church formed in Newfoundland of 45 mem- bers. One in Stony Brook of 17 members, and a great Revival in Ixmg Pond. " Jany. 31st. Twenty-two persons received into the church at Long Pond. " In February preached in Post Mile and Amity, where Mr. Timlow attended, who was about to become their minister. As- sisted at ordination of Mr. Miller, at Blackrivcr, Chester. Morris County. ""Thursday, March 11, 1819. Went to Hamburg— had agreed to spend the day, which had been set apart for fasting, humiliation and prayer, with Bro. Baldwin. A considerable num- ber of people assembled. We each made an address. In the evening I preached from the History of Bartimens. It was very stormy which prevented many from attending. Staid at Mr. ( Mould's. " Friday, 12 March. Understood that the people in Ham- burg had issued a subscription with the view of having me to preach for them one half of the time. " Saturday, 20th March. Had made arrangements to ex- change a few days with Bro. Baldwin and accordingly set off for Franklin Furnace, arrived at Mr. Munson's before night and took tea. In the evening preached to a crowded house. The atten- tion of the people was good and solemn. Went to Hamburg to Mr. Gould's. -Sabbath, 21st March, 1819. A cold day. Those present were very attentive. In the evening preached at Vernon, 6 miles from Hamburg, to a very crowded and attentive audience. Spent the night at Mr. Winans'. " Monday 22d. Rode passed in the evening to Pochunk and preached to a thronged assembly. We passed a solemn evening and a number appeared affected —the Lord blessed the word preached. " Tuesday, 23d. Came to Hamburg. Called on Mr. Jones and spent the day with him, his wife a member of the church. Storm prevented preaching. Became acquainted with Dr. L'Hom- medieu. " Wednesday, 24th. At Judge Linn's. Evening preached in S. House to a very crowded house. Many obliged to stand. Solemn meeting. Bro. Baldwin arrived during the service. " Thursday, 29th March, 1819. Newark— Attended Pres- bytery — was directed to preach at Hamburg and the North Church until the next stated meeting of Presbytery, commencing in June. EARLY CHURCHES. 145 " Friday, 14 May, 1819. Came this day to Hamburg. Had the pleasure of meeting Brothers Fisher, Williams, Crane and Baldwin, i*. m. Bro. Fisher preached a sermon suitable to the occasion, and afterwards constituted the church. AH the clergy went to Judge Linn's to spend the night. fcSv. THE NORTH CHURCH. CHAPTER X. NORTH HARDYSTON AND HAMBURG CHURCHES. The following minute is taken from the Sparta Session Book : "May 14, 1819. The Session of the First Presbyterian Church of Hardyston met agreeable to notice at the house of Thomas Ryerson in Hamburg. Present, John Linn, Johnson N. Gould, George Buckley. The Rev. Mr. Samuel Fisher, Bishop of the congregation of Paterson, presided as Moderator. Opened with prayer. Forty-nine [whose names are given else- where] applied for dismission from this church to join the North Church in Hardyston. Whereupon it was resolved that the ap- plication be granted and that the several persons named be dis- missed agreeable to their request. NORTH HARDY8TON AND HAMBURG CHURCHES. 147 " 1, Johnson N. Gould; 2, Elizabeth Gould; o, Martha Reeve; -i, Mrs. Jane Jones, w. of Thomas; 5, Nancy Silsby; 6, Jane Wood ; 7, Priscilla Vibbert, w. of William ; 8, Hannah Campbell, w. of John ; 9, Jnlia Kimball ; 10, John T. Perry ; 11, Jane Perry ; 12, Mary Edsall, and 13, Mary VanVliet, applied for dismission to join the church in Hamburg ; whereupon it was resolved that their application be granted and that the several per- sons named be dismissed at their request. " The session then closed with -prayer." FROM MINUTES OF SESSION. North Church of Hardy ston, May 15th, 1819, 3 o'clock, p. m. " The persons whose names are underwritten, members of the Presbyterian congregation worshipping, in this place, being de- sirous of enjoying christian fellowship and the special ordinances of the church of Christ, met at their usual place of worship and opened their meeting by prayer to God for his guidance and blessing. " The liev'd Samuel Fisher, being present, was chosen Mod- erator and John Linn Clerk. " After having produced satisfactory testimonials of their having been admitted members of the Presbyterian Church, and of their dismission from the churches to which they respectively belonged, they unanimously adopted the following constitution, viz : I. That we do this day, humbly trusting in the grace of the great Shepherd and Bishop of Souls, cordially unite together as a Christian Church, under the name and style of the North Presbyterian Church of Hardyston. II. That we do sincerely receive and adopt the confession of Faith of the Presbyterian Church and do approve of the gov- ernment and discipline of the same, as exercised in these United States. III. That we do sincerely engage to walk together in Chris- tian fellowship and love ; tenderly and carefully watching over one another in the Lord. IV. That we do solemnly engage to submit to the discipline of this church, when administered according to the rules of Christ, as long as we continue members of the same. " The communicants of the church then chose John Linn and George Buckley Elders, and Mr. Linn Deacon. These per- sons having been already ordained to these offices were not reordained. Eleven additions were received upon profession. 14b 1IAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. The loss of the records prevent us from knowing what oth- ers beside the thirteen named were received by letter from other churches or by profession of faith into the Hamburg Church when constituted. By direction of Presbytery Mr. Allen came at the end of the month to assume charge of the cliurches. We may again take up his diary which furnishes the best history of his ministerial labors. "Thursday, May 27, 1819 Thus have 1 spent one year and one month in preachiug the gospel in Newfoundland. The Lord be praised. lie has done great things for the people in^this des- titute region. Three churches have been established — containing 45 in one, 35 in another, and 21 in the third ; the foundations laid for three meeting houses. This year has proved the most happy of my life. The Lord go with me to that people among whom for a few months I expect to labor. " Friday, 28th, spent the former part of the day in making preparations for removing to Hamburg. " Saturday, 29th, came to Hamburg. Stayed at Mr. Johnson N. Gould's. " Sabbath, 30th, 1819. A cloudy day and appearance of ram. Preached at the meeting house one sermon. The audience was respectable, but 1 felt cold and dull, and fear the sermon was not much felt. Dined at Mr. Itycrson's. Messrs. Ford and Bruer, lawyers, were present. In the r. m. rode to Vernon and preach- ed at the school house. The audience was not large but atten- tive ; ' Behold 1 stand at the door and knock, etc' Spent the night at Mr. Winans'. Next day I visited the school in Vernon and exhorted the children to remember their Creator in the days of their youth. In the i\ At., in company with Mr. Winans, went to Pochunk and heard Mr. Vreeland, a Methodist, preach. Went to Mr. P. Kyerson's where i spent the night. " Tuesday, 1st June. Attended the funeral of Mr. B once a professor of religion but had grieviously apostatized and -died from intemperance. He is gone to render up his account. In the afternoon 1 preached at the school house near Mr. Pyer- son's. Conversed with a young man who was a little serious. " Friday 4th. Visited the school near Judge Linn's. After examining the pupils, addressed them on seeking the Kingdom of Heaven, p. m., Visited a number of families. Found Mr. Tattle and wife at the Big Spring. Serious impressions. Had an interesting interview with them, and particularly with two men who were laboring at his house. One was niuch'affected and NORTH HAKDYSTON AND HAMBLKG CHURCHES. 11^ thought he would, without delay, seek the one tiling needfuL The other, his appi'entice, appeared somewhat impressed, said he had forsaken many of his evil practices, but he feared the scoffs and sneers of his young companions. At the next house found. Mr. Kimble and his wife both professors of religion. He had been in much distress and lost his hope, but was in a more com- fortable state of mind. Addressed a .young woman here who was careless, but promised to forsake her evil ways and think of her eternal concerns. Hopkins family — The man did not seem very happy to see me, but invited me to go into his house. His wife Avas somewhat serious. Came to Mr. English's, was detained by a shower all night. I saw him the next morning. Called at the Hopkins', found Mrs. II. serious and had a conversation with her. Spent an hour in the family of Mr. Smith. His case was pecu- liarly interesting. A native of Ireland, he had been a professor of religion and thought he enjoyed its comforts. He appeared penitent and wept much. I exhorted him to return unto the Lord who would heal his backsliding. " Sabbath, Oth June, North Church. Endeavored to sup- plicate a throne of grace that the Lord would this day own and bless my feeble labors. Repaired to the courts of the Lord and found a large assembly convened. Had much freedom in address- ing immortal souls. 'Behold I lay in Zion, etc'. In the p. >i. 4 Parable of the Supper.' The attention was good. Baptised four children. Attended sabbath school at the Stone S. House. Heard the Bible class. " Monday T. In the r. m. attended the monthly concert of prayer, at the meeting house. A goodly number of people at- tended. Conversed with some persons on the subject of religion immediately after service. " Tuesday, June 8, my birthday. So teach me Lord to num- ber my days, etc. With Judge Linn rode to Newton, to attend the County Bible Society, was appointed a director, may I dis- charge my duties with fidelity. Wednesday, Bro. Enos Osborn, laboring at Deckertown, called on me and spent the day. We examined the points on which he expected next week to be exam- ined by Presbytery for ordination. " Thursday, p. m., preached at the school house [New Pros- pect] near Mr. Givans, to a full and interesting house. Spent the- night at Esq. Buckley's, an Elder. "Friday 11. Visited Mr. Givens' family. Conversed with the old gentleman on many points. He is indulging a hope. Also with two young women — both seriously impressed. One trusted she had found a hope in the Lord Jesus. Visited another 150 IIAK])Y>Tt)X MEMORIAL. family — woman unconcerned. Urged the necessity of seeking an interest in the Savior. She appeared pleased with my visit and desired me to call again. Left a message for a young woman who had hid herself at my coining. Visited Mr. Buckley's — Found Mrs. B. and a young woman under exercise of mind. ( 'ailed on her mother-in-law, a pious old lady. Dined at Israel Munson's and conversed with him and his wife. Visited Mrs. Wade. Preached at school house near the Franklin Furnace. The house was filled with attentive hearers." These extracts exhibit something of Mr. Allen's life and the style of his labors. He was an earnest preacher and faithful pastor. Those whom he visited and conversed with were mostly all in due time brought to Christ, many of them by his faithful personal appeals. lie labored here for nearly two years, during which time 28 members were received into the North Church, and a goodly number into the Hamburg Church. lie went to Deckertown and the Clove, and met with wonderful success, and especially in his labors at Beemerville. The following is from the diary <>f Robert Ogden : ''Saturday, October 23d, 1 824— Went to Decker Town. Lodged at Mr. Allen's. "'Sabbath 24th — Attended the communion at the new meet- ing-house below the mountain in Wantage [Beemerville | under the pastoral care of Mr. Edward Allen. A powerful and extensive revival of religion has taken place in that congregation, and the congregation of the Clove and of Decker Town, now united under the care of Mr. Allen. Over one hundred and twenty-two mem- bers were received into the church, of whom more than fifty were baptised. Mr. Job Foster Ilalsey, a licentiate from the Seminary at Princeton, was there and assisted Mr. Allen in the administra- tion of the ordinance. The house, though large, was crowded to overflowing. The exercises of the day were solemn, impressive, edifying, and consoling, and in the highest degree alarming to the impenitent. O my God, let not the operations of thy Spirit be suspended, but may they still be visible among that people and also be extended to this barren corner of Thy vineyard." Mr. Allen was for nine years in charge of the Wantage Church. His field extended fifteen miles east and west, and from six to eight miles north and south. Failing health compelled him to suspend his labors for a time, but lie resumed them later at NORTH HARDYSTON AM) HAMBURG CHURCHES. 151 Milford, Pa. When the Second Church of Wantage was organ- ized, in 1834, lie preached there two years, and then returned to Milford for two years, lie had charge at different times of five other churches in Pennsylvania, to all of which he came in their weakness and left them greatly strengthened and enlarged. As many as ten church buildings owe their erection to his endeav- ors, lie died August 1st, 1877, aged eighty-five years. His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Elder John Linn, of Harmony Yale, whom he married while minister here. His second wife was the AVidow Louisa T. Richardson, of Harford, Pa. The following is an extract from North Church Sessional Records : "'■ Near the close of the year 1S20 the Rev. Edward Allen, after laboring among us as a Missionary a year and a half, accepted a call from the Presbyterian ( 'hurch and congregation of Wan- tage, X. .1." " During the winter of IScil the congregation were convened according to notice; when they voted to give Rev'd Burr Bald- win a call to preach for them, either as Pastor or stated supply, under an engagement to preach one-half his time at the North ( 'hurch and at Hamburg ; and the remainder of his time at Erank- ford." This invitation was accepted by Mr. Baldwin, and he entered upon his duties as a stated supply, having been ordained since his former service here. It is a matter of regret that we know so little of this good man's labors while for three years our two churches were in his charge. During his pastorate twenty-one were added to the membership of the North Church. We had no communion set of our own. The one belonging to the Sparta Church, given by Robert Ogden, had been some- times used here. It was proposed that all the farmers' wives should make a contribution of butter, and as many as possible phould send a tub. This butter was forwarded to New York for sale, and with the proceeds was purchased the communion set^ which is still in use. Rev. Nathaniel Conkt.ino succeeded Mr. Baldwin in June,. 1 824, and was here nearly four years, during which time there were thirty-nine additions to the church. Except from the Ses- sion book little information remains respecting his ministrations, 1T>2 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. but we may judge from these records that he was a useful man and faithful to his calling. He was ordained as an Evangelist by the Presbytery of .New- ton, November 19th, 1S23, preached in Indiana and Illinois, labored in Pennsylvania, and died at Tyrone City, Pa., about 186G. Rev Nathaniel W. Conkling, I). P., of Xew York city, is his son. &/3^ CHAPTER XI. MINISTRY OF DR. 1 AI K< II 1 I.I > AM) MR. CAMPBELL. In September, 182t>, began the ministry of Elias Riggs FairchilDj who served the church exclusively for nine years, with the exception of nearly twelve months, when the state of his health required rest, and Rev. Stephen Thomson supplied his place. "When the North Church was burned the congregation was greatly disheartened. The session gathered around the smoking ruins, and the question was asked, what shall Ave do now ? Amid the tears of the old Elders, Dr.Fairchild answered, we must build again. Dr. Fowler headed a subscription list with $100, and others came forward liberally. Dr. Fairchild circulated the sub- scription paper at home and in other places. Stated worship was held under the trees in the orchard, as long as the weather per- mitted. The new house was dedicated on Friday, May Oth, 1831, fourteen months after the fire. Rev. Peter Kanouse preached on the occasion from Isaiah, 54:2. Rev. Mr. Allen was pre- sent and participated in the exercise-;, which were solemn and impressive. The attendance at the new church was soon greatly increased. In the fall and early winter of this year the work of God's Spirit was manifested, and sixty united with the church during 1831. The following sessional record is made November 26th, 1832: u In the early part of September the special influences of the Holy Spirit were shed forth on different sections of the church. The members soon manifested a deeper interest in the tilings of 154 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. religion, and many of the unbelieving community were converted to God." Sixty-seven were received into the church this year.. In 1 833 there were but five additions, while in 1834 twenty- six are recorded. None were received in 1835, and seventeen were added in 1836. A woman's prayer meeting was held on week day afternoons at the different houses. The ladies met for co-operative work, in sewing and making garments for the poor, and their tract society carried the gospel message once a month to every house. Thus the woman's societies, now so universal, were all anticipated in Our female organization, which was in active service a half cen- tury ago. " Neighborhood prayer meetings " were held in every part of the congregation. The young men would walk long distances, often after a hard day's work upon the farm, and take their part in prayer, and if required conduct the meetings. From eight and ten miles distant the people drove to the North Church. "When there was much religious interest the church was overcrowded and benches were kept to be placed in the aisles. Mr. Fairchild preached and lectured night after night, gaining the solemn and fixed attention of his hearers. He had power in almost compell- ing careless families to come to the house of worship, and when they became hearers for a time, they were soon brought to an awakened state. Caleb Fairchild settled at Whippany, Morris County, N. '1., about 1735. Ezra Fairchild, his son, married Prisilla Burt, and removed to Mendham, in 1702. He was in Washington's army, and died of small pox, contracted while the army lay near Mor- ristown. He had four daughters and two sons. Ebenezer was the youngest child, born January 18th, 1770, married Phebe Vance in 1797, and died July, 1869, in his ninety-fourth year. He had been a Ruling Elder in the 1st Presbyterian Church of Mendham for seventy years. His wife attained almost as great an age as himself. They were both marked by great simplicity of charac- ter and earnestness in christian life. They had two sons, Ezra, a successful teacher and principal of an Academical school for many years, and Elias Riggs. MINISTRY OF DR. FAIRCHILD AM) MR. CAMPBELL. 155 Elias Riggs Fairchild, D. D., was born near Mendham, N. J., August 17th, 1801. His boyhood was spent upon his father's farm. Resolving to prepare for the ministry, lie secured a classical education, graduated at a New England College, and at Auburn Theological Seminary in 1S27. He was soon after licensed and did missionary service in Western New York. Some of his sermons were prepared with great care, yet he had remark- able facility in speaking, and some of his happiest efforts were made upon the emergency. At times he rose to eloquence and his appeals were most touching. He sought to reach the hearts of his hearers, and the love of Christ was his constant theme. Vet lie did not fail to persuade men by the terrors of the Lord. lie was three times called to the church of Montgomery, X. Y., and as many times installed its pastor. He served as Sec- retary of the American Home Missionary Societ} r , and afterwards of the American and Foreign Christian Union. These positions required severe labor, and the exercise of much courage and faith, but under his management both of these organizations prospered and sent out many young men. He was eminent in building up feeble churches. It was his habit to go to a weak congregation and devote himself to it for a tew years. Large revivals usually followed, and under his prac- tical suggestions, debts would be paid, and the salary raised for a new minister. lie would then consider his work complete in that field and go to another. After a painful illness he died at Morristowu April 22d, 1878, in joyful contidence of entering the rest which remaineth for the people of God, and his grave is at Mendham. His funeral was largely attended and devout men carried him to his burial. Representatives were present from many churches for whom he had labored, and to whom he had been a blessing. He has written an autobiography, intended only for the perusal of his most intimate friends, but I have been permitted to copy, for insertion, that portion of it which includes his ministry here. narrative ok labors at north iiardyston church. - In July, 18-20, a delegate from the North. Church of liar- L50 HAKt)YSTON MEMORIAL. dyston, in Sussex County, X. J., (Mr. Andrew Linn, one of the elders of the church,) called on me in Mendham, JS\ J., to lay before me the claims of the church and vicinity, which he repre- sented, and to engage my services there if the way was clear for so doing. "Mr. Linn returned to his place and under date of August 5th, 1829, at a meeting of the congregation of North llardyston and Hamburg, a paper was adopted, expressive of the desire of the congregations for my services among them, in the gospel min- istry, with the understanding that public preaching be held on the Sabbath days, in the churches alternately. After maturely con- sidering the call to this field of labor, its claims grew upon me and drew me toward it with unusual force. It was a rural con- gregation, extending iii length froni ten to twelve miles, (from Lafayette to Vernon) and in width six to seven miles, (from Ogdensburg to limits of the Baptist Church, near Deckertown). There were but 30 names on the church roll of members, and but a small sum could be raised for the annual support of the minister. I early signified that I would come to them if Providence should permit, about the middle of the month of August. "I succeeded in arranging my affairs so as to keep my ap- pointment. Mrs. Fairchild accompanied me. We were very cor- dially received into the family of Mr. .Joseph Linn, and made onr home in his house about nine months. The following May we removed to the parsonage, near the church, which the congre- gation had purchased. " Religious services were maintained in each of the churches alternately on Sundays. In a short time several stations for preaching were established outside of the church edifices. Sab- bath Schools, Bible classes, and meetings for prayer, were in time set up and maintained at various points, with manifest good re- sults. In March, 1830, the congregation of the North Church sustained a great shock from the burning of their church edifice. It was scarcely finished. It was not insured. The loss was there- fore absolute and total. To the friends of the church it was a previous affliction ; and over-cast them all with sadness, intensified by the impression that the fire was the work of an incendiary. But this sad event was made the occasion of good. A deeper interest in church affairs was by it awakened, and a resolution to build another and better house was quickly entertained. Event- ually subscriptions were opened for funds to supply the loss. Suitable persons were appointed to canvass the territory and see what could be obtained of cash, labor, or materials. When this work was fairly and encouragingly underway. I repaired MINISTRY OF DR. FA1BCHILD AND MR. CAMPBELL. 157 to Newark, Elizabethtown and various places in Somerset and Morris counties, New Jersey, and solicited funds. I also visited some parts of Pennsylvania for the same object. At Mil- ford very handsome contributions in lumber were made. The offerings of k the people of the parish, and the contributions of friends outside of it, completed the work, and when the house was dedicated it was wholly paid for. " When the new stone church was completed the people con- sented to make it the central point for worship every Sabbath morning. Afternoon and evening services, Sundays and week days, were held at Hamburg and in the different neighborhoods. One organized Presbyterian Church, and one board of Elders only existed in the territory, and all church members were members of the North Church of Hardyston. " In seasons of revivals, the members were always ready to cooperate with me in visiting from house to house, and conversing with the anxious in the' inquiry room, and in any other service which they could render Several remarkable revivals o( religion were enjo}'ed. On one of these occasions almost every part of the territory seemed more or less affected, and the people were anx- ious to attend religious meetings. ( )beying the Providential indi- cations services were opened in the church edifice, and continued daily and nightly for considerable time. As one of the results about one hundred persons professed conversion to Christ ; and at a communion service, which included two Sabbaths consecu- tively, seventy-five were admitted to membership. Some of the converts sought connection with Baptist and Methodist Churches in the neighborhood. Other seasons of special interest in religion were enjoyed where-iu numbers were converted and added to the church ; but they were of more limited extent. By the Lord's blessing a valuable church and congregation grew up on that ground, having in 1838 a good church edifice of stone, a parsonage with barn and other outbuildings, and several acres of plow and meadow and wood land. There was a communion list of a little more than two hundred (200) members, of these about 150 had been added by profession. My closing services at the North ( !lrarch were held Sunday, May loth, 1838. In that week I went to Mont- gomery, N. Y. Rev. Joel Campbell came from Ilonesdale, Penn., and took charge of the North Church May, 1838. His ministry was a long one, continuing unbroken for eighteen years, when he purchased a farm in western Pennsylvania, to which he removed. On account of sickness he came back after six months, and en- !.'•> HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. gaged to supply the congregation for a short time. He was in- strumental in organizing the Presbyterian Church of Layafette, a number of whose early members went from us by certificates. \\ hen Mr. Campbell, came the church had reached its greatest advance in numbers and strength. The corrected roll showed a membership of two hundred, earnest, intelligent christians, and well Organized for christian work. The parsonage house was in good repair, with fourteen acres of land attached. The salary of $450 was paid every year, although with some delays. Mr. I ampbell purchased additional land to the amount of twenty acres, and after a time built a new house on his own ground, now the residence of Elder S. O. Price, and rented out the church par- sonage. In entering upon his labors lie followed Mr. Faircliild in his appointments, but left out the more remote stations. I do not think lie went at all to Vernon, where at one time there were so many Presbyterian families that efforts were made toward build- ing a Presbyterian Church in the village. The enterprise fell through, and the people went to Amity, or united with the Vernon Methodist Church, which was formed in 1837. Some of the Vernon members long continued their names upon our roll. Mr. ( 'ampbell usually preached three times on the Sabbath, but had not the physical ability to hold fom- or five other meet- ing.- through the week, as some of his predecessors had done. He won the affection of the children, and was considered peculiarly happy in his addresses upon funeral occasions. Two revivals of religion took place under his ministry. One in lS-i'2, when thirty- six were received into the church. The work commenced in the ?uinmer, and reached its greatest power in September and Octo- ber. Rev. Mr. Allen and Mr. Conklin assisted in the extra servi- ces which were held. The word came with great power, and on several occasions the evening exercises in the church were accom- panied by weeping throughout the house. An inquiry meeting be- fore evening service was held at the parsonage, to which many of the young would resort in distress of mind, and to obtain spiritual direction. The scenes of Mr. Fairchild's day were repeated, and the little parlor became again the hallowed spot where souls en- MIMSTKY OF l>K. FAIRCIIILD AM) Ml;. CAMPBELL. 150 tercd the kingdom of God. The 1st of January, 184^, was a memorable day, when twenty-six stocd up to profess their faith in Christ, and to come for the first time to the Lord's table. There was one man of sixty-five years, but most were young and more than half were under twenty. Mr. ( 'ampbell was very tender and judicious in dealing with awakened consciences. The second revival occurred in 1850. Early in the fall special meetings were held at the church in which Mr. Campbell was assisted by a young evangelist, who went freely in and out among the seats speaking with those in attendance. The singing of familiar hymns had much influence in arresting attention and carrying the truth home to the heart. This revival was not as widespread and remarkable as the previous one, and yet through it twenty-four were gathered into the church. An annual donation party for the minister's benefit was given at the parsonage. Few gifts were in money, and they were more commonly of farm products, useful in the household. The farm- ers brought oats, wheat and rye ; their wives linen and woolen yarn, and the merchants contributed sugar, coffee and tea. The married people came in the afternoon, and the " young folks'' in the evening. < )ne winter the young men of Franklin presented Mr. Campbell with a handsome broad cloth cloak, which he wore for many years afterwards. Mr. Campbell took charge of the Lafayette Church, and con- tinued its pastor until the Rev. Jetho B. Woodward was installed by Newton Presbytery, lie purchased a house in Lafayette vil- lage to which he removed, making it his home until his death, May 15th, 1872, in his seventy-sixth year. He was buried in North Church Cemetery in a lot donated for that purpose by the Trustees. His wife, son, daughter and son-in-law are buried in the same plot. His daughter, Amanda, became the wife of David Hopkins Kimble. His son, Joel, began to study for the ministry, and was for a time a student in Princeton ( 'ollege, but soon changed his purpose, serving in the' army during apart of the war of the rebellion. CHAPTER XII. (Ill KCIl HISTORY CONTINUED. Rev. David C. Meeker came to the North Church April 1st, 1S57. He had been preaching at Deerfield, X. J., and at Darby, near Philadelphia. The matter was under discussion whether to repair or rebuild the parsonage. Mr. Meeker was so urgent for the new house that the congregation decided to build if the means could be raised. A subscription paper was prepared and placed in the hands of my aunt, the widow T. .V. Austin. Her perseverance and activity secured the amount, and the new building soon arose not far from the old site, and is the present parsonage of the congregation. The old one, which has the date of 17sS on the chimney, Mas remodeled, and has since been the home of the sexton. Daring the year 1858 much religious feeling existed in the congregation, and a few extra meetings were held. These closed abruptly after two weeks continuance, and the result was the in- gathering of sixteen souls. The total addition during Mr. Meek- «er's ministry was nineteen. He left the church in August, 1859, and returned to Darby, Pa., where he died a few years later. The Rev. Goodloe Bowman Pell is the only survivor of the former ministers of the North Hardyston Church, and is now pas tor of the Presbyterian Church, of Amenia, IV. Y. CHURCH HISTORY CONTINUED. L6I He was the son of the late Hon. Samuel and Louisa Bell, and was born at Reading, Pa., dune 14th, 1832. After graduating - at Yale College in 1852, lie made an extended tour in Europe, and on his return entered the Union Theological Seminary in New York City, where lie graduated in 1850. He was ordained by the Fourth Presbytery of Philadelphia at Norristown, Pa., in Octo- ber, 1S59, and immediately after took charge of the North Church. He married Annie Augustine Austin, the only daughter of Mrs. T. A. Austin and neice of Daniel Haines, who died at Amcnia in 1887. Soon after Mr. Bell's advent extensive repairs were made upon the church building. The roof was slated, and the whole interior changed. The pulpit which formerly stood between the doors was placed on the opposite side, and the seats reversed. The alterations made transformed the house into a neat and com- modious place of worship. The attendance upon the services in- creased largely when the church was reopened, and new members were added. The civil war came with its excitements and occupied much of the thoughts of the community. Soldiers were recruited, and many of the young men volunteered. Three companies were chiefly raised from within the bounds of the congregation, besides individuals who joined other military organizations. The ladies formed a soldier's relief society, and made lint and garments, and knit stockings for their friends in camp, in all this patriotic work Mr. Pell heartily sympathized and co-operated. His own brother, Captain Bowman Bell, fell in battle. Mr. Bell writes, " The North Church was up to the highest standard of patriotism, and freely gave ' its boys' to save our coun- try. When 1 went to Hardyston inlS59 the first to welcome me was Thomas P. Haines. The last service 1 rendered as pastor was to officiate at his funeral ; he had fallen upon the battle field in Virginia, and was buried October, 1864, and the entire com- munity were mourners." Sunday evening services were held at Franklin Furnace where the school house was often crowded. < )ther stations were visited in their turn on Sabbath afternoons. Mr. Bell was an ex- 162 UAliHYSTOS MEMORIAL. cellent musician, and often led the singing, which formed an at- tractive part of the exercises. The whole number added to the membership during his five years term of service was seventeen, lie was called to Hope ( 'Impel, a mission enterprise of the Brick ( 'liurch of New York, and resigned his charge here October 1st, 1 s 'i4, and removed to the city. My own ministry in Ilardyston began at the close of my connection with the army. After three years service as Chap- lain of the 15th Regiment, X. J. Volunteers, I visited my home and was asked to preach the first Sabbath of July, 1865. Before service a paper was given me with thirty signatures representing the families of the congregation. This was a call inviting me to become their pastor, and stating that it was the unanimous wish of the people that I should settle among them. A few days later I. signified my acceptance of this invitation, and have continued here ever since. The only breaks in this relation were one of nine months, when I went to Palestine in the service of the American Palestine Exploration Society in L8T3, and another when I re- ceived a second leave of absence from my church for six months in 1876 to visit and make explorations in the Sinai Desert. 1 was never installed here by action of Presbytery, but with- out the ceremony of an installation I have been just as much the pastor, and the congregation my people. This relation has been preserved when all the churches in the counties of Warren and Sussex, with a single exception, have changed their ministers, and after very short pastorates. The membership of the church in 1865 was by the roll of Mr. Bell thirty-eight. To say that the church was feeble does not fully describe it. A former pastor said, " It was weakness itself." The attendance at the church, excepting upon funeral occasions, had been reduced to a mere handful. One Sunday School was held at Franklin Furnace with about forty scholars. There was no prayer meeting or weekly lecture, and but one ad- dition had been made to the membership for over three years. There were two elders, my father, Daniel Haines, who was mostly a resident of Newark, where he held his courts, and .lames Oon- gleton, eighty-five years old. I had therefore to walk by faith and CHURCH HISTORY CONTINUED. 10-1 not by sight when J declined other invitations and determined to remain in my native place. We began with service every Sabbath morning at the North Church, and preaching every Sabbath evening in the old school house at Franklin. On Sabbath afternoons I preached in the school houses at Harmony Vale, at New Prospect and Monroe- Corners. Our progress was very slow. AYe reported to Presbytery forty members in the spring of 1800, forty-two in 1807. and sixty- seven in 1808. In the fall of 1807 and the winter following there was special concern for eternal things in the North Church Sunday School, and several boys and young men were converted. We soon began' extra services, with meetings for inquirers at Mr. Price's house. Quite a number came to these inquiry meetings, some of whom became hopefully pious. The work promised to become more general, yet did not attain the dimensions expected. Still the year 1868 was one of blessing, and in L869 we reported a membership of seventy-three, having almost doubled onr num- bers in three years. In the fall of 1870 the presence of the Holy Spirit was ver\ marked. Much prayer prevailed, the meetings were well attended, and throughout the congregation there was great tenderness of feeling. I invited the Rev. Almon Underwood to assist me \'<>v a fortnight. Conversions took place at Hamburg; the North < 'hureh. and at Franklin, and in the neighborhoods where we held cottage meetings, and the school house appointments. In the spring oi 1 S71 the membership was 98, with the addition of thirty-one re- ceived the year previous. This was the largest increase for more than thirty years. By 1877 we had attained the number of 117 : having in eleven years trebled our membership. From this time we began to suffer by deaths and removals, and the strength of the church was greatly diminished. We continued to receive additions bul these were outnumbered by our losses. In 1881 we were reduced as low as SI members. In 1882 we had but 85; in LSSS, Ui, and in 1884, 99. Until the summer of 1883 I had not been confined t«. r.lic 1(>4 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. house by sickness for many years; then I was laid aside from parish duties for more than a month. The following summer, not being in good health, I went to the sea shore in hope of benefit, and was taken seriously ill at Berlin, Maryland, the place of my first settlement in the ministry. Although enabled to return home after a few weeks, it was long before my strength was regained. While laid aside, the services of the Sabbath were sus- tained by the Elders and church members. At the communion service in November, 18S4, three were added by profession. Some seriousness was shown, and as much as my strength allowed, I held extra prayer meetings in private houses. The attendance was small at first, but after a few conver- sions had taken place the numbers increased until our rooms were crowded. A memorable meeting was held one evening in the house then occupied by Theodore Talmadge, whose wife was dying witli consumption. There was no special indication of feel- ing until near the close of the meeting, when the presence of the Holy Spirit, was manifest. Tears and sobs filled theroom as one young person after another asked our prayers, or declared the inten tion of accepting Christ. The house was afterwards burned, but the memory of the meeting has not yet passed away. Another prayer meeting was held in my own house, when twenty arose to say they had found Jesus precious to their souls. When we held the spring communion a large number at Hamburg were received into the church. Much seriousness prevailed in the -North Church part of the congregation. Several who attended meetings at Monroe Corners, professed conversion there, but came back to unite with their own church. We had no help from other ministers, and "my strength and powers were limited, but Cod showed us that we were more- dependent for success upon him than any ability of our own. At the spring meeting of Presbytery, 1SS5, we reported an accession during the year of forty-two upon profession of faith, and ten by letter, making the total membership 142. In 1880 we reported fifteen added upon profession; and in 1S8T, twelve accessions, the entire membership being 162, the greatest number for more than forty years. CHURCH HISTORY CONTINUED. 165 As in the winter of 1870 and 1871, so at this time, simulta- neously with our own church's quickening, was there a season of awakening at Pudeville, when numbers were reclaimed from a careless, worldly life. In 18G5 there was but one Sunday School, held at Franklin, in a room over the store house, with forty scholars. The North Church Sunday School, instituted in 1818, had been suspended. We re-opened it, at first with few present, but the second and third year it grew to be the largest ever held within our congrega- tion, the average attendance for the season being ninety scholars and teachers. It was held before morning service, and often the house of worship would be well filled with the school. As before noticed some of our earliest conversions were among the scholars. The Sunday School at Franklin enlarged and was transferred to the school house, and afterwards to the church, where it became almost as large as the one at the North Church. We organized Sunday Schools at Harmony Yale and New Prospect, which were maintained several summers with full num- bers, but were closed in the winter. The wants of the population upon the Hamburg Mountain were brought to our notice, and a Sabbath School was opened in a log house. This led to the build- ing of the Log Chapel, and the maintenance of a Sunday school for several years. The school has had as many as eighty schol- ars, and its influence for good is still felt in that mountain com- munity. We succeeded in having a common school district set off to give the children the opportunity of instruction. Itev. Nathaniel Petti t was the County School Superintendent ; we secured his interest in the enterprise, and he appointed Patrick McManus its first teacher. A large number of children and youth who were growing up in ignorance, learned to read, and were taught the principles of religion. This Sunday School was for several years mainly sustained through the efforts of an Elder, who with great fidelity continued to go there at all seasons. When our five Sunday schools were in full prosperity we had two hundred and fifty scholars ; the yearly gatherings at the North Church to celebrate our anniversary brought them all together, and we often gave dinner under the trees to five hundred per- 166 IIAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. sons, old and young. Thanksgiving evening was another occasion when the old church would be filled with boys and girls. The Sunday School at. Hamburg, in the new Presbyterian Church, was organized the first Sabbath in December, 1869, and has since continued without intermission. It drew somewhat from the North Church, but the majority of its scholars first attended here. AVe may speak of some of the enterprises successfully carried out by our congregation. Very early attention was directed to the old graveyard. It was overgrown with briars, and had be- come like the churchyard of Stoke Pogis, a neglected spot. Ad- ditional land was purchased to the extent of one acre and a tenth, which was enclosed with the old part by a wall, and laid out in lots. Their sale has covered all the expenses incurred in the pur- chase, grading and planting the cemetery with evergreen trees. In sixteen years the new ground was so fully occupied as to make a futher enlargement necessary.. Four more acres were bought in 1885, and the ground is in process of preparation, with some of the lots already occupied. The death of Benjamin Northrop oc- curred in 1774, as inscribed upon his tombstone, and this spot was set apart and \\m><1 as a burial place as early as that year if not be- fore. The crowded audiences at the Franklin school house seemed to demand better accommodations there. The new owners of the furnace and mines were spending much money, and expressed their purpose of making the place a great manufacturing town. At first we intended to erect a very modest chapel in propor- tion to our means. After a while a lease was effected upon the stone church for ten years. This belonged to the " First Particu- lar Baptist Society of Franklin," whose membership was greatly reduced by removals and deaths. The walls were very substantial, but the wooden parts of the structure were much out of repair. AVe expended one thousand dollars in renovating the church, and it was opened for service in the fall of 1867. The services were well attended, and we soon gathered a membership of thirty. The frequent changes among the workmen in the mines and furnace sent away many religious men and their families, and other influ- CHURCH HISTORY CONTINUED. 16T ences prevented the growth of a permanent and strong organiza- tion. In the spring of 1875 by the vote of the congregation at their annual meeting, and by the order of the Session, our servi- ces at Franklin were suspended, and we ceased to have stated preaching at the church. Many of our families at Hamburg found it difficult to attend the North Church, and others could not do so at all. The matter of having Sabbath services here was under consideration in the summer of 1869. One day Mr. Samuel Beardslee said to me, " We ought to have a church of our own at Hamburg, and one man has promised to give $250, if others will contribute the rest." The same evening I saw the person mentioned, and he introduced the subject of a new church. I said, " If you will secure $1,000 we will put up a chapel.'* In three or four days he called to say he had that amount subscribed. The subscribers met and ap- pointed a committee to secure a site and begin the erection of a building. Two different lots were offered us, one adjoining the Hamburg school house, and one on the high ground toward Ilar- dystonville. We finally compromised and chose a location mid- way between the two, where land was given on the corner of the Turnpike and Kudeville roads. Here formerly stood the school house, with two chimneys, in which religious services were held in earlier days. Ground was broken September, 1860, and forty- two days after laying the first stone the entire stone work, designed to be put up at that time, was laid. The other work went on rapidly, and we opened for worship a part of the house, and held a service the first Sabbath afternoon of Decem- ber, 1869, having expended $2,200. The largest contributor was Daniel Haines, and the next Judge William E. Skinner. Much of the success in carrying out this enterprise was due to Samuel A. Beardslee. A number of others contributed largely, so that we had no difficulty in paying off the indebtedness incurred.. The Sunday School was large from the beginning, tBie con* gregations fair for our numbers in the village, and w* received! accessions at the different communion seasons. Among our male membership were a large number qualified to take part in prayer- meetings, or to conduct them acceptably themselves. We felt 168 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. the good hand of our God with us, and anticipated prosperity for days to come. In January, 1877, the deatli of Elder Daniel Haines occurred. This was followed by other deaths, and the removal of many who had been influential. We were great!}' re- duced in strength by this unexpected loss of so many prominent men. The extension of the church was necessarily delayed from weakness and poverty. In the summer of 1879 Mrs. Matilda Fairchild, the widow of Rev. Dr. Elias R. Fairchild, one of our former pastors, encouraged me to renew the attempt to build, by the gift of $200, and the promise of more if required. This she afterwards supplemented by the additional gift of $500, making $700 in all. Had it not been for her sympathy and donations, the work would not have gone on. My friend, Colonel Henry L. Pierson sent me word that he would give $250. The matter was laid before the Board of Trustees, who authorized me to go on as long as the money lasted, but not to incur any debt. Considerable money was raised among ourselves ; the work moved slowly, and we paid as we progressed. With various hin- drances and interruptions, and notwithstanding our limited re- sources, the completed house was dedicated to the worship of God May 18th, 1881. The following minute was entered in the Ses- sion Book : " The church was dedicated free from debt, and the congregation gratefully acknowledge the kindness of the Lord God in so abundantly prospering their endeavor to build a house to his name." The rear window was put in in 1883, the expense of which was $360. The steeple was erected in IS 84 at a cost of $450. The walls were frescoed in 1887. The total cost being nearly $8,000. Some parts of the building still lack completion. It may be rightly said that this was a great enterprise for our con- gregation when our numbers were so depleted and our financial strength so weak. 1 bear testimony to the affectionate kindness my people have ever shown me. In general every proposition I have made to them for temporal improvement or christian labor has had their approval. We have often been compelled to move slowly because of limited means, but in the end have carried out successfully CHUBCH HISTORY CONTINUED. 1(39 every project upon which we have entered. Time will not permit ns to go over the full roll-call of be- loved brethren who have gone before us to glory. Death has been very busy, and wonderful changes in our population have taken place. Of the thirty-eight communicants who formed the church in 1805, five only are attending members. We have laid more in the churchyard than we meet on the Sabbath day. Oould we summon back again all those whom we have buried, a whole church could not seat them. From the eldership, we have lost the venerable James Con- leton, one of the best of men, at the age of ninety-one ; Daniel Haines for forty years an elder, our counsellor and guide ; Eras. tus Congleton, who gave promise of great usefulness, and was called away while still a young man ; also Levi Oongletcn, who returned to us from Sparta. Among those not elders, such good men as Lewis ('. iioe, Charles Wade, Thomas Schofield and Henry W. Conplin have passed away. There were others who did not become communi- cants, yet whose hopes and sympathies were always with us, and who were most useful in the congregation, such as Doctor William II. Linn, John II. Brown and Samuel A. Beardslee. Among christian women we have a noble record of those who loved their church and were ready for every good work. Of these we men- tion Mrs. Sarah Beardslee and Mrs. Lucilla Price. There was one, a member of another church, but ours in every other respect, a friend to the poor, and a helper in every benificent enterprise, Mrs. Lucy Lovell Brown. Think not that invidious distinctions arc made, if all who have been honored and useful are not mentioned in this connec- tion. We have their names on record, and their memories are cherished in our hearts. May God ever give our congregation more men and women such as they. Something of this church's history for the past twenty-three years has been given, but how much more might be said. There are many incidents precious to memory, yet so personal and in- dividual that they are hardly suited to a 'printed book. In the humblest efforts I have seen the happiest results in winning souls. 1"70 HARDYSTOX MEMORIAL. Sometimes men have been won in a moment; at other times after repeated and persistent appeals. During the year 1887 we lost by dismissions twenty; by deaths four, and six became non-resident, so that the report of April, 1888, gave 137 as the membership upon the revised roll. HAMBURG BAPTIST CHURCH. Thomas Teasdale came from Yorkshire, England. He brought strong letters of recommendation to the Presbytery of New York to whom he applied for license to preach, but failing in the qualifications required his license was not given. He then became a Baptist and removed to Sussex. His house was in Ver- non, a little beyond McAfee, at the foot of the mountain. He preached in school houses and private dwellings, and organized a church in Pochnnk in 1708. This was afterwards merged into the Hamburg Baptist Church, which was formed in 1811. His church increased in numbers, but suffered by the disruption of 1823, when an influential body withdrew and formed the Frank- lin Baptist Church. Mr. Teasdale was not always sound in doc- trine, yet a good man, sincere and earnest, and influential with many. He spoke a broad Yorkshire dialect, and was very sharp in denouncing sin and used cutting words in argument. He died in 1827, aged 75 yens, and was buried at Hamburg. Extract from letter written by T. Lawrence, Esq., to his grandson, James Ludlum, Jr. : " We could not expect in this retired situation to be gratified in every refinement, and altho' the person under whose charge Providence has placed us for our religious instruction is not pos- sessed of those superior attainments that many others are, yet we are fortunate in having one who from the purity of his heart, his perfect acquaintance with sacred writ, and the unexceptionable tenor of his conduct, is able to teach us our duty, and what he may be deficient in manner is made up to us in matter. I trust you will agree with me that I have done no more than justice in delin- eating to you the character of our worthy pastor, Mr. Teasdale."' He took pains to educate his sons who rose to prominent CHURCH HISTORY CONTINUED. 171 positions, and was succeeded by his son, John, who preached in Hamburg four years, and afterwards at Newton. For two years the church was supplied by Elders ('. Park and Elias Frost, of Franklin. William II. Spencer was a blacksmith in Pochunk at the time he professed conversion. He was called to this charge in 1838, and remained for seven years and a half. He succeeded in bringing a great many into his church, and its membership was for a time the largest of any congregation in the county. Thomas Davis, who was born and educated in England, came for one year, 1846 ; and some time later supplied the pulpit on Sab- bath afternoons while he was pastor at Papakating. This excellent man, useful wherever he lived, died recently in Beverly, X. .1 His son, Lt. (Lionel Ebenezer W. Davis, was Major of the loth Regiment 1ST. J. Yols. John Davis succeeded his brother Thomas in 1847, and was here for nearly three years, when he was followed by Mr. Hope. .1. M. Hope accomplished much for this church, and with some interruptions continued his ministrations for several years. It was mainly through his endeavers that the meeting house was rebuilt, and the parsonage and lot secured. His preaching was spiritual, and although fewer were brought into the church than under some others, it gained in substantial strength. David Silvek began his ministry here January 1st, 1865. He remained until 1870, when he accepted a charge near the Dela- ware River, in Xew York State, and afterwards another some miles from Princeton, X. J., where he died. While here his labors were successful, and one winter nearly one hundred per- sons united with his church. Charles Millington was twice called to be pastor. In the the interval between his two terms of service, Edward D. Shule was minister. IT. B. GnscARD has recently been supplying the church. The congregation sold their parsonage property in Upper Hamburg, and have built a more commodious house for their minister nearer their place of worship. The Franklin Baptist Church was organized December 172 HARDYSTON MEMORIAL. 11th, 1823. Its corporate members were Lucretia Rorick, Michael Rorick, Noah Hammond, Catharine Hammond, Catha- rine Clay, Clarissa Sharp, Hannah Van Wart, Mary Hammond, Spencer Scott, and Fanny Rull. They assumed the title of " The First Particular Baptist Church of Hardy ston." Rev. Zelotes Grenell was Moderator at the constituting of the church, which lias had'some strong members, and was useful while it continued. Death made inroads among their numbers and so greatly reduced them, that the regular services ceased in December, 1853. The house of worship, erected in 1S3£, was leased for ten years to the Presbyterians of the North Hardyston congregation, by whom it was remodeled and put in substantial repair. It is now used by the Franklin Reformed congregation, which was organized in 1877, and of which Rev. Gilbert S. Gabretson is pastor. The Catholic Church of Franklin, Church or the Immacu- late Conception, was built in 1863, under the superintendence of Rev. Edward McCosker, who was its pastor until 1880. The house is substantially constructed of brick, thirty feet wide by seventy feet long. Rev. George A. Corrigan, brother of the Archbishop of New York, succeeded Mr. McCosker, and he was followed by Rev. J. H. Hill, who has recently been transferred to Rahway. The congregation possesses a handsome brick par- sonage, which is finely located. The charge was divided in 1881, when a congregation was organized at Ogdensburg, and the Church of St. Thomas of Aquin was built. the church of the good shepherd. The Protestant Episcopal Church of Hamburg was built in 1872-73, upon a lot of land donated by the heirs of Robert A. Linn. The building is of blue lime stone, twenty-five by forty feet, with the chancel extending in the rear. The ceiling is pan- nelled with oiled wood, and a handsome memorial window to the memory of Miss Kittie Lawrence, is placed in the chancel. A large, sweet-toned bell occupies the belfry. Rev. IT. P. Stuart Martin, who was born in India, was the first CHURCH HISTORY CONTINUED. 173 missionary pastor. He was succeeded in 1878 by Rev. Levi Johnson. The church was consecrated in 1880, by Bishop Starkey, of Northern New Jersey, and Bishop Quintard, of Tennessee. Rev. Joseph H. Smith, formeivry of St. Paul's Church, Newark, is the Rector. His ministry began in 1882. He officiates also at St. Thomas Church, in Vernon. A handsome legacy has been left to the church for the pur- chase of a memorial organ. The Snufftown M. E. Church was built sixty years ago. Manuel Force was then Presiding Elder, and Shaw and Dandy were preachers upon the circuit. Ketcham, the carpenter, came from "Warwick. Stated preaching has been maintained there ever since its erection. It has been blessed with many seasons of revival in which the hardy dwellers on the mountain have been gathered into its fold. CHAPTER XIII. REGISTER OF NORTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH <>!•' JIARDYSTQN. MINISTERS. Edward Allen, from June, 1810, to December, 1820. Bun- Baldwin, from July, 1821, to May, 1824. Nathaniel Conkling, from June, 1S24, to June, 1828. Elias Kiggs FairchiJd, from September, 1829, to May, 1838. Joel Campbell, from May, 1838, to October, 1856. David C. Meeker, from April, 1857, to August, 1859. Goodloe Bowman Bell, from October, 1859, to Oct., 18G4. Alanson Austin Haines, from July, 1805, to present time. ELDERS. John Linn, May, 1819, died 1821. George Buckley, May, 1819, dismissed 1837. Thomas Beardslee, Dec, 1821, dismissed 1831. James Congleton, Dec, 1821, died 1871. Samuel Turtle, Ma}*, 1S23, died 1861. Daniel Edwards, April, 1824, dismissed 1825. Jacob Kimble, June, 1827, died 1803. Andrew Linn, June, 1827, dismissed 1848. Daniel Haines, July, 1837, died 1877. Elias L'Hommedieu, July, 1837, dismissed 1845. Simon W. Buckley, April, 1848, dismissed. Joshua Predmore, April, 1848, dismissed. Samuel O. Price, February, 1866. Levi Congleton, February, 1866, dismissed 1879. EEGISTEK 01" NORTH PBESBYTERIAJS CHUECH OF HABDY8TON. 175 John L. lirown, February, 1868, dismissed 1881. John E. Congleton, October, 1876, died 1879. William E. Skinner, Oct., 1870, dismissed 1878. ;; " Charles II. Linn, April, 1878. * W. Hooker Ingersoll, April, 1878. * Now in office. CHUKCH MEMBERS. sote. — Those uniting upon certificate are marked thus "C. " 181 9. ,1 ohn Linn C, Martha Linn C, Elizabeth Linn C, Marga- ret Simmons C, Kitty PerigoC, Widow Parkhurst C, Widow Mary Buckley C, Gabriel Payne C, Richard Whitaker C, Elizabeth Whit- aker C, Sarah Van DuzenC, Seth Byram C, Sarah Byram C, Daniel B. Wilcox C, Cornelius Demarest C, Mary Demarest C, Peter Demorest ( \ Jane Demarest C, Catherine Nesbit C, Peter Shirts C, Jane Shirts C, Jane McDaniels C, Thomas Beardslee C, Rachel Beardslee C, Melinda Beardslee ( , ffunice Munson C, Catherine Gunderman C, Margaret Knoff C, -Widow Anna Hammond C, Hannah Carpenter 0, Elizabeth Beardslee C, Hannah Fairchild C, Sarah Linn C, George Buckley C, Margaret Buckley C, Elsey Buckley ( ', Peter Simmons ( !, Isaac Stirr ( \ Mary Stirr C, Eliza- beth Demarest C, Joseph Perigo ( J, Nancy ( uirdiner C, Sarah Harding C, Abigail Barton C, Sarah Barton C, Widow Abigail Wade C, Mrs. Peter AVhitaker C, Daniel Edwards (', Widow Mary Adams ( ', Sarah I )emarest ( '. Widow Mary McDaniels C, Martha Barr C. The above 52 were received by certificate from the First church of Hardyston and organized as the North Church of llar- dyston, May 15th, 1819. Abigail Losey, James Gardiner, Mary Gardiner, Ruhama Wade, Ann Beardslee, Jacob Kimble, Bethia Kimble, Andrew Johnson, James Congleton, Catherine Struble, Martha Demarest, John Crawford, Thomas Gardiner, Coonrod AVatson, Elizabeth AVatson, Abigail Ellison, Julia Carpenter, Mary (Givens) Brasted, Pamelia Barton, Peter Taylor, Hannah Taylor^ Mary Case, Panie- lia Howell, Lydia Crawford, Samuel Tuttle", Peter Demarest, Erne Demarest. 1820. Horace Ford, Ebenezer Tuttle, Ann Gardiner, Rhoda Crawford, Hannah Beardslee, Lydia Tuttle, Abraham Johnson, Hannah Ackerman, Elizabeth Congleton, AVillard Fletcher, Abi- 170 HAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. gail Johnson C, Aaron Ackerson, Sophia Hopkins. 1822. Jane Jones C, Sarah Simpson C, Eliza Fowler C, Mary Edsall C, John Hubbard C, Elizabeth Sharp C, Lucy In- glis, llhoda Kay, William A. Thompson. 1823. Conrad Tinker C, Annie Tinker C. 1824. Andrew Linn, James Johnson, John Payne, Rebecca Hardin, Emily II. Conkling, Mary Ann Linn, Snsan Losey, Eliza- beth McDaniels, Ayres Ackerson, Betsey By ram. 1825. Samuel Payne, Annie Newman, Catherine Dema- rest, Ann Eliza Simmons, Jane , Rebecca Fowler, Sarah AVidner. 1826. Cornelia L'Hommedieu C, Margaret Lane C, Rose Knox. 1827. Garret Van Blareom, Mary Van Blarcom, Elizabeth Sutton, Sarah Case, Jemima Predmore, Joshua Predmore, Mich- ael P. Sutton, Henry Johnson, Mark Buckley, John Nixon, Abra- ham Ray, Sarah A. Buckley, Anna Crawford, Mary Buckley, Anna Predmore, Sally Ann Predmore, Ann Forester, Elizabeth AVolverton, Mary Haines ( ', Joseph ( Cole, Nancy Cole, Margaret McClellan, Sibella Linn, Eleanor Ketehem, Jane ( Vawford, Rachel Armstrong, Martha McCoy. 1829. Mary Whitaker, Sarah Degraw, Delilah Sloat, Jane Congleton, Addie Tice, Clarissa Newman. 1830. Maria Price C, Elizabeth Bunting C, Maria Price, Phebe Ann Wilson, Martha Demarest, " :f Henrietta Linn, Isaac IVardsley, Elizabeth Marccll C. 1831. Catherine Drain, Emeline D. Stoll, Mary (). Darrah C, Aaron Woodruff C, Phebe AVoodruft' C, Elias L. Hommedieu, Robert Haines, Dorothy Stoll, Catherine Shiner, John Newman, Joel Buckley, Robert Buckley, ( 'atherine Stoll, Mary Yetman, ""Maria Schoh'eld, Susan Beardslee, -Catherine Beardslee, Jane Buckley, Charlotte H. Tuttle, Mary Jane AVade, Lydia Kimble, Sarah Beardslee, Henry T. Darrah, AVilliam C. Predmore, Philip Losey, Elias Potter, Huldah S. Beardslee, Amy Tuttle, Ann Pred- more, Martha A. AVolverton, Jonathan Sutton, Phebe A. Max- well, Justice Beardslee, Elizabeth Darrah, Eliza A. Hopkins, Mahala Lose}-, Julia A. AVhitaker, Alanson Predmore, Delilah Predmore, Edwin Luckley, Thomas Brasted, William Darrah, Daniel Haines, Ann M. Haines, Diadamia Haines, John C. Bunt- ing, Elizabeth A. Sheppard, Ephraim Potter, Calvin Meade, Levi Congleton, Martha AVarbass, Mary Gibson, Henry AV. Ogden, Robert Price, Charlotte Hopkins, Elizabeth Gunderman, Susan Beardslee, Peter Gunderman, Martha M. AVarbass C, Mary Steph- ens C. REGISTER OF NORTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OK HARDYSTON. 1 77 Note. — Those marked * are members at the present time. 1832. Fhebe Potter, Lewis C. Roe C, Terressa Roe C, Aim R. Stoll, Sarah Potter, Enos Goble C, Rebecca Goble C, Eliza Van Blarcom, Mary Gunderman, Sarah Byram, Sarah Ed- sall, Julia Denton, Mary Monnell, Catherine (DeKay) McMurray, Phebe Harden, Elizabeth Vandegriff, Moses Strong, John Pred- more, John Dunning, David Byram, James T. Newman, William Van Blarcom, David Dunn, Jacob Gimderman, Catherine Knofr, Drucilla Predmore, Daniel Gimderman, Jacob C. Maxwell, Joseph P. Fraser, Abraham Stoll, James Byram, William Gimderman, John Poller, Mahala Polley, Araminta (Polley) Doland, William Beardslee, Benjamin Valentine, Rebecca Turner, Catharine A. (Sutton) Van Blarcom, Simon Wade Buckley, Samuel Schofield Beardslee, William Gimderman, Jacob KnofT, Jane Skellinger, Sarah Hopkins, Mary Valentine, Rachel DeKay, Sarah Vande- griff, Elizabeth Myers, Susan Van Blarcom, Ann Freeman, Susan .Kimble, Matthias C. Lane, Margaret Buckley, Daniel Lane, Susan (Freeman) Vanatta, Mary Tiebout, Sarah Bay, Frances Worten- dyke, James Hutchinson, Mary Tiebout, Araminta Douglas, Matilda Fairchild C, Matthias II. Ogden C, Jerusha Ogden C, Sarah Shorter C, Jacob Myers (', Esther Dunning ( '. 1833. Samuel Stage, Lucetta Stage, Mary Hopkins, Eliza Ilurd, Charles W. Buckley. 1831. Samuel Knox, Alfred Buckley, Janetta Knox, (Cathe- rine Yetman, Mary Beardslee, Nancy Knox, Richard Whitaker Jr., Sidnej' P. Haines, Robert A. Linn, Jr., Anna Brodrick, Sam- uel Mnnson, "Samuel O. Price, Eliza Losey, Elizabeth Munson, Elizabeth Newman, Nancy Little, diaries Wade, Peter Van Home, Sarah L'Hommedieu, Maria Bungay, Mary Rosencrantz, John Darrah C, Agnes Darrah C, Thomas Tiebout, Stephen Staats Tiebout, Harry Tiebout. Paris Douglas, Jane (Knox) Ston- aback. 1839. Aaron Houston, Elijah Martin. Lewis Gunderman, David F. Stoll, Sarah D. Stoll, Phebe J. Byram, Emily (Polley) Luckey, Bertha Tuttle, Charlotte (Kimble) Smith, Mary Todd, Julia E. Edsall, Ann Congleton, Mary L. Shiner, Halsey L. Beem- er, Joseph Congleton, AVilliam Jackson C, Mrs. Jackson C. 1839. Rebecca Campbell C, Horace Taylor C, Catherine Lewis C, Elizabeth Hamilton C, Ann Anderson. 1840. Simeon Hand, Jane Westfall C, Phebe Kinner C, Julia Ann Cassady C, Alanson Predmore C, Mrs. Predmore C, Elizabeth Decker C, Phebe E. Martin. 1841. Brice P. Edsall C, James B. Case, Ruth Woodruff, Elizabeth Case, Joseph Linn, Ilnldah Beardslee C. 178 IIAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. 1542. Elizabeth Smith C, Phebe Lewis C, Abigail Dema- rest, Elias Freeman 0, Clarissa Perrj C, Hiram Predmore, Sarah Skellinger, Phebe Mackerly, Phebe Ann Sutton, Ellen Ludlum, Hannah E. (Sutton) Ayres, Mary A. Van Blarcom, Margaret Mc- Donalds, Mary Woodruff, Reuben R. Sutton, Mary (L'Homme- dieu) Moore, Lucy Ann (Sutton) Sibbit, Ralph Push, Jacob L, Bedell, Joseph F. M. Sutton. - Alanson A. Haines, Abraham Stoll. Abby Tuttle, John ( louplin ( !, Isabella Couplin C, "Hiram Aber, Frances E. (Neely) Byram, Phebe E. (Moore) Edsall, William Lane, Belinda Bay, Nancy Munson, Theodocia Munson, Caroline Rosencrantz, William L'Hommedieu, Jane Decker ( '. 1843. Phebe Woodruff, Martha Demarest C, Eliza Ann Gunderman. 1840. Sarah (Byram) ( ase. 1847. Joseph McDaniels. 1848. Catharine J. Sutton, George Case, Daniel P. Wood- ruff C. 1849. Sarah D. (Haines) Guyot, Eleazer Cassady, Marga- ret Knox, Amanda (Campbell) Kimble, "Ann (Siinonson) Ed- sall. 1850. Hannah Hopkins, Sarah Woodruff, Sarah Maria ('ase, Catharine (Hopkins) Hunt, Matilda Kimble, Mary Kimble, Mary Sutton, Retina Hopkins, Phebe (Hopkins) Woodruff, Lucy E. (Wilson) Vaughn, Louisa J. Ray, Rebecca Smith, Talmage Woodruff, Jacob R. Lyon, Elias F. Sutton. 1851. Matilda (McManoman) (longer, Matilda (JBrasted) Simmons, Lucetta (Roe) Congleton, Julia Woodruff ( '. 1853. William Roy ( /Mrs. Roy C. 1S55. Matilda F. Sutton, Rachel McDaniels C. 1858. Levi L- Hoffman, -John P. Wilson, George O. Wil- son, Anna M. (Wilson) Van Blarcom, Catharine K. (Beardslee) Lewis, Annie A. (Austin) Hell, Mary F. (Day) Davenport, Har- riet E. (Smith) Everman, Sarah (Cassady) Howell, Charlotte Congleton, Nancy (Scott) Benjamin, Amy Buckley C. "Amelia M. (Dunning) Linn C, Philanda D. (Roe) Wickham, Keturah Roe, Alexander II. Roe, Nancy A. Meeker C. 1859. John A. Congleton C, Theresa Agustine Austin C, Sarah C. Fowler C, Ann M. (Haines) Tucker. 1860. Phebe Congleton, Mary (Potter) Dennis, Eliza Ann (Van Syckle) Stoll, Dorcas C. Potter, Lucy Potter, Sarah Cornelia Brasted, Amelia Perry, John Rutan C, Anna P. Rutan C, Abby Jane (Wade) Mains, John Lovell Brown. 1862. Thomas Schofield, Mary E. Schofield, Catherine Rosc- velt, Lauretta Amelia Howell. REG1STEK OK NORTH PRESBYTERIAN CHUKC11 OF II A KM >1 ST< >.\. 179 1863. Mary Ann Heardslee. 1865. Barret Havens Titsworth. 1800. John Erastus Congleton, *Anna Mary (Hiles) Con- gleton, *Merinda Shepherd, Lucilla (Kimble) Price. 1807. James Mantania, "Sarah C. Ingersoll C, Almeda Predmore (', George Porter, '"'( "larinda Fowler C, Elias Frost, John Miller Longcore, David Fredenburg Longcore, Fowler Kim- ble. 1868. Benjamin If. Kays, Henry Winters, "Martha Elizabeth (Longcore) Lantz, Margaret (Edge) Longcore, "Charles Witworth Lewis, *Alfred Wyckoff Johnson, Mary Ann Kimble, John M. Minion C. 18G9. Elizabeth Ann Minion. 1868. Georgianna Lucy (Sutton) Tibbetts, Jennie E. Stoll. 1869. * Joseph Johnson, Ruth Hughes Kimble, William Ers- kine Skinner ( 1, Mary L. (Ryerson) Skinner C, William T. Cogg- shall C, Julia W. (Ingergsoll) Coggshall C, Sarah Elizabeth (Minion) Allen, * Annie (Ogden) Beardslee ( '. 1870. Susan Copeland (Ingersoll) Brown, "Susan (Hop- kins) Kimble, Amzie Roe, ^Charles Roe. 1871. Henry Wintield Couplin C, Alonzo James Williams, *James Woods, Hannah (Edsall) Lawrence, "Elizabeth (McMan- ns) Woods, *Letta (Force) Dennis, William Radley, Mary Rad- ley, Joseph C. Piatt Jr. C, Kate J. Platte C, Ruth Simpson, Jacob Kimble, Margaret (Sharp) Kimble, Isabella ('oats, Alice Ann Kemble, Sarah Victoria Poland, "Mary Catherine (Poland) Simpson, Robert Morgan, Anna Morgan, "Matthias Shepherd, *Worthington Hooker Ingersoll, *Sarah Boswell (Ingersoll) Law- rence, Emeline (Longcore) Pellett, John Wesley Black, "William Henry Spangenburg, "Margaret McManus, Sarah Amanda Pig- gery, ""James PeWitt ( J, Nancy DeWitt, Emma Sykes, Sarah Dickinson, Albert A. Northwood C, "Mary (Townsend) Haines C, "Abigail Green , Amanda Ellen Snook, x\sa B. Peloubet C, John Kerr C, Helen Kerr C, Mary Jane (Stonaback) Montross, George Martin, Annie Martin, Helen Elizabeth 01 man, Lisa C. Anderson, Frederick William Kehren. 1872. Seymour Lawrence, Elizabeth Pollock Prentice C, Andrew Shorter C, Margaret Shorter 0. *Franeis Henry Tucker. 1873. Caroline Seward Kehren, Harriet Iona Williams, :f Elizabeth Kirkwood (Skinner) Linn, * Julia (Vibbert) Linn C, "Charles H. Linn C, John Edgar C, Jeannette K. Edgar C, Tliomas Warren Pellet. 1874. *Laura (Woods) Havens, James Prentice, William Simpson Chardavoyne, Robert H. Howell, Emerson Bennett Pot- 180 IIAKDYSTON MEMORIAL. ter, Julia (Simpson) Chardavoyne. 1ST5 *Lizzie (Bishop) Stevens, "Elizabeth Ann (Case) Kays, *Daniel Stewart McPeek, ••Margaret E. (Cary) McPeek, Isabel Shorter. 1876. Elizabeth C. (Ingersoll) Gill C, Ilila G Brown C, Darius M. Brown, Frederick Goodell, "Caroline Bishop, Kate Barber, Marcus Barnes Duvall C, Laura Lovell (Brown) Lawrence, George Ryerson Skinner. 1877. Sarah G (Munson) Bird ( ', Sarah Jane Ward, Susan Yansyckle, Albert Stoll, Eva Couse C, Susie Maria Gill, Cecil Dunscombe Peloubet, Elizabeth (Lewis) Shorter C, John Robert Spittle, Julia Spittle, Estin Peloubet, James Shorter, "Sarah Jane Drew. 1868. -Sarah Elizabeth (Perry) Bross. L879. John Beemer Shorter, John Munson, Jr., Wilbur Lazier Paddock, "-"Nathan Paddock, Benjamin Decker Potter, -Susan Dymock, Ellen Eliza Young. 1880. Burtis C. Megie, Jr., Daniel Hopkins Kimble. 1881. -Maria (Osborn) Scott, 18S2. Mary Jane (Washer) Wilson, Carrie Teressa Wick- ham, Mary Lucetta Wickham, Mary Ann Cantield, Jeremiah Canfield, "'Benjamin Scott, "'Emma L. (Stoll) Price, "Alta Woods, Josephine Woods, "Experience Elizabeth (Woods) Hamilton, "Mary Dunning Linn, "Ella A. (Congleton) Doland, ""'Mary Eliz- abeth'' (Smith ("Shorter C, "Richard YanDerhoof C, "Mary F. YanDerhoof C, """Stephen Boy Fitz Randolph C, "Alary Emma (Baxter) Fitz Randolph, Sarah Elizabeth Ward. 1883. S. Alice Simpson, Elizabeth Teel C, Irene Ward, Charlotte Johnson, -Julia Johnson, "Bethia Alward, John Mabee, Carrie Westbrook (Roc) Mabee, Arminda F. Lewis, "Francis C. Sheldon C, Gabriel Ludlum Dunning C, Martha (Haines) Ilendershot. 1884. Sarah Jane Lanterman C, "ilattie (Baker) Ingersoll, Daniel L. Ogden C, *David Doland, "Marvin Clement Potter, ^Cecelia Ella Potter, Cora Ogden, Cora Ogden Beardslec, "Lucy Electa Walling, Alida Ellen (YanDerhoof) Ogden, "James W. Latta. 1885. Mary Ann (Morgan) Talmage, Amelia Clara (Roe) Wickham, "Sarah Ella (Congleton) Fredenburg, "Martin Mabee Fredenburg, *Frank Smith Lanterman, Fred Irving Congleton, "Emma Elizabeth Bird, *Sarah Elizabeth Ryerson, """George Washington Ryerson, Jehiel T. Lanterman, -Ephraim Martin Kimble, "Levi Coursen Pollison, "John Bishop, Henry Ogden Beardslee, Norman Nanny Johnson, '-Esther Osborn, -'Emma REGISTER OF NORTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF HARDYSTON. 181 Jane Dymock, *Erama Grace VanDenhoof, *Ella Drew, *Emily Louisa (Monks) Corner, *Edward DeKay Totten, *Plurania Tot- ten *Mary Jeanetta (Haight) Latta, *Abby Delia (Haight) Booth, ^Theodore Talma^e, *Moses Piggery, *Mary Irene (Blair) Mor- gan, William L. Finnegan, Laura Ellen (Morgan) Talmage, "Wil- liam Pollison Blair, *James G. Irvin 0, "Sarah C. Irvin C, *Min- nie May Irvin C, Aaron Mead C, Jennie Burwell Meade C, *Na- thaniel E. Seely C, "Michael Sutton Bedell C, *Susan M. Bedell C, * Angelina M. (Bedell) Simonson C, "Mary Case, *Hattie Ann (Hopkins) Wheden, *Lucilla Price Kimble, ^Martha Florence Lantz, "William Marshall Lantz, ^Charlotte A. Kimble C, *Saron Leport Wilson, *Anna Mary (McPeek) Wilson, ""Cornelia (Simp- son) Stonaback, "George Washington Smith, Gilbert B. Winters, *Malvina Delia Potter, *Etta Delilah Scott. 18S6. Emma Louisa Dingle, *John Ryerson Walling, *Charles Elmer Martin, "Henry Divers Bond, *Annetta Bond, *Charles McClellan Paddock, * Israel Davenport Chardevoyne, * Joseph Everett Bond, Nathaniel Drake Martin, John Wesley Monks, *William D. Beemer C, *Mary Alice Beemer C,*Ilannah M. Piggery C, ^Harriet W infield C, * Joanna (Chardavoyne) Read C, *Matilda (Read) Simonson, *Sarah Jane (Smith) Chardavoyne, *Barret Havens Chardavoyne, ""Sarah Alice Alward, * Abraham Winfield, Almeda (Edsall) Winfield, *Anna Estelle Chardavoyne, *Hattie Sutton Chardavoyne. 1887. *Horatio Seymour Potter, *John N. Decker C, *Mary R. Decker C. 1888. *John C. Chandler C, *Lucy C. Chandler C, * Annie (McPeek) Woods, *Thomas R. Simpson C, Mary Alice Terhune.