?3»$>^ 1>Z!> 1*^ 2> !>> > > t>> ^ 3 > . ■> > > ,^Jj*iafe > 5 ^> 5^^*%3^ i> yy>ws> ■ -^.i^fcy^ t Kb Matotfai j PRINCETON, N. J. Collection of Puritan Literature. Division Section Number X Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Princeton Theological Seminary Library http://www.archive.org/details/fullanswertoinfaOOclar II FVLL ANSWER T O AN INFAMOUS AND TRAYTEROUS TAMTHLET, BNTITULED, CA Declaration of the Qommons of England in Parliament ajfembled, exprefing their T^eafons and (jrounds of pacing the late %e[olutions ton-* ching no further AddreJJe or Application to be made to the K i n gQ 1 word VWcAfc- Earl o-V C ■■i ' | ■ M I C A H 3. II. J he Heads thereof judge for reward, and the PrieBs thereof teach for hire, and the Prophets thereof divine for mony : yet will they leane upon the Lord^ and fay ', Is not the Lord among us ? none evillcan come upon us. # # 4c # 4c # 4C *§» •& 44 4£ •$£ Printed forR. Roy s t on. 1(54.8, THE CONTENTS T He Authors Method. pag*** Their fey er all Charges againjl the King. ib. t . That His LMajejly hath laid a fit foundation for all Tyranny , by this Matxime, or Principle $ That He oweth an account of His actions to none, but God alone ^ and y That the Houfes of Parliament, joy nt orfeyarate, have no power, either to make, or declare any Law. p. 3. 1 . The private Articles agreed in order to the Match with Spaine, and thofe other private Articles upon the French marriage, ire. p. 1 2 3. The Death of King James. 4. The hufmeffe of Rochcl . ib. p. 17. 5. %'he Defigne of the German Horfe, Loanes, Privy- Stales, Coat and Conducl-mony, Ship-mony y and the many Monopolies. p. 15?. A 1 6. The The Contents." 6. The torture of our bodies by whipping, cutting off eares, pillories, eye with clofe-imprifonment aggravated, with the dominion exercised over our fouls by Oaths, Ex- communications, new Canons , ejrc . p. 24. 7: The long intermifion of Parliaments • and, at the diffolution offome, how Privi ledges have been broken, and fome OH embers hnpnfoned. p, 26. 8. The new Liturgy , and Canons, fent into Scot- land*, And the cancelling, and burning the Articles of Pacification. p. 27. 9. The calling, and dijfolvingthe fhort Parliament, and the Kings proceeding after the diffolution therof. p. 28. 10. The King fummoned the pre fent Parliament to have afii fiance againfi the Scots : And when Be found that hope vaine, He was fo pafiionately ajfecled to His Malig- nant Counfellours, that He would rather defert His Parlia- ment and Kingdome, then deliver them to Law and J-h- ftice. p. 2£. 1 1 . The Queens defigne to advance Popery, and Her observing a Popijh Faft : with Secretary Windebank's going beyond Sea by His . 22. Breach of Honour, and faith in the King for ma- kingfomanyfolemnProteftatiens^ againft any thought of The Contents. bringing up the Northerns i^frmy, or of Levying Forces to wage war with His Parliament, or of bringing m for am Forces, or Aids, from beyond Sea. p # ~p > 23. They have not obferved their Frofefions made to the King, nor kept their promifes to the People, p. 95. 96. 24. That Bis Majefty proclaimed them Traytors and Rebels , fetting ftp His Standard againft the Parliament, which never any King of England did before Himfelf P-97- 25. The fetting up a Mock-Parliament at Oxford, to oppofe and protest againft the Parliament ^England. p. 102. 26. A full Relation of the frft Tumults. p. iof. 27. The Pacif cation and peace in Ireland, p. 1 1 $. The King's fever all Mcffages, and their Proportions 3 and Addreffes, for peace. p. 118. Their ^ Bills pre femed to His MajeBy at Carisbrook- Caftle. p. 1 32. The Commons Refoltttions of making no more Addreffes to the King* p. 148. The Cortclufion : Demon&rating, That they can never tttablifh a Peace to the Kingdome, or any fecurity to them- f elves, but by Restoring the juft Power ttrthe KING, and dutifully Submitting and joyningthemfelves to His prote- ction* p. 15& \^in fo An Answer to an infamous and trayterous Pamphlet, entituled, \\^4 Declaration of the Commons of England, in Parliament, exprefing their reafons and grounds of pafing the late Resolutions, touching no further addreffe or application to be made to the K i n g. ] F the nature and minds of men were not more inclined to errour and vice, then they are to truth and vertue, and their memories more retentive of the Arguments and evidence, which is ad- miniftred to pervert, then of thofe ap- plied to reclaime them, there would be little need of compofing any Anfwer to this feditious and trayterous Declaration, which confifts onely of the feverall infamous and fcandalous imputations and re- proaches ( except the odious and groundleffe difcourfe of the death of King fames, which though they have al- waies whifper'd, they never thought fit to own till now ) which have been thrown and fcattered againft the King throughout their Declarations and Rcmonftrances, and is but the fame Calumny and Treafon, bound up in a B ldfcr to) lcSfer Volume ; to every particular whereof His Majefty ( whilft he was at liberty to fpeak for himfelf, and to take the pains to undeceive and inform his people ) gave full and clear anfwers, in His feverall Declarations and Ex - preiTes, fo that from thence all men may gather the mod naturall and proper Antidotes, to expell this poyfon, the fpiritand malignity whereof, fit is hoped ) is fo near fpcnt, by the StaleneSTe and palpable unskilfulneffe, as well as malice, of the Composition, that it will neither be received by, or work upon any healthfull Conftitutions $ yet it will not be amiffe, for the information of thofe, who (it may be) have not taken the pains to read the King's former Anfwers and Declarations; and refreshing the memory of others, who have forgotten what they have read, to colled the Anfwers formerly given to thofe par- ticulars, with which His Majefly is now charged, and to adde to thofe Anfwers, what the knowledge and obfer- vation of moft men who have been faithfull inquirers in- to paSt Actions, with that integrity and duty that be- comes Subjects, may fupply them with ; For which there will need no great Apology, fince every honeft man hath a more regular and legall qualification , to vindicate His Majefty from thofe foule afperfions, then any Com- bination, or Congregation of men, can have to traduce Him with them. Before any difcourfe be applied to the monftrous Con- clusions, which are made, and for the fupport and main- tenance whereof, that Declaration is framed and contri- ved, or to the unreafonable gloSfes upon His Majeftics Propositions, and profecution of his defires of peace and Treaty, it will be the beft method, to weigh and conSrder thofe particulars, upon which they would be thought to found their defperate Conclusions 3 and in which they fay 5 <■}) fay, there is a continued tracJ of breach of trufl in the three P«S« 1 «•' Kingdomesfmce His Majefiy wore the Crorvne, i. The firft Charge is, that His Majefty in publique Speeches and Declarations, hath laid a fit foundation for all Tyranny, by this mod deftrudtive Maxime or Prin- ciple^ which he faith, he muft avow, That He oweth an ac- P»s- ll - countof His Actions to none , hut God alone-, and that the Houfes of Parliament, joynt or feparate, have no power, ei- ther to make or declare any Law. That which all learned Chriftians in all ages have taught, and all learned Lawyers of this Kingdome have alwaies held, and acknowledged, is not like to be a de- ftruelive principle, and a fit foundation for Tyranny, and furely this aflfertion of His Majefties hath no leffe autho- rity ; For the firft, the incomparable Grotw^uipon whom all learned men look with fingular reverence, faies, that even Samuel jus Regum defcribens, fat is oflendit adverfus D e jar: bell; Regis injuria* nullam inpopulo reliffam potefiatem • which, fol.64% faies he, rede colli gunt veteres ex illo Pfalmi ; Tibi feli pec- cavi : Becaufe being all, ejuflem ordinis, the people owe the fame obedience tothefe, as they did to thofe, though the abfolute power and jurifdi&ion the Kings of Ifrael had, be no rule for other Princes to claime by : And Gr otitis there cites Saint Ambrofe his note upon the fame Text, Neque ullis adpcenam vocantur legibus, tuti imperii potefiate, homini ergo non peccavit, cut non tenebatur ob- noxius. The wife and learned Lord Chancellor Egerton, in his Poitnat.p.xo 7 , Argument of the Poflnati, mentions fome Texts in the Civill Law, of the great and abfolute power of Princes, as Rex efi lex loquens, and Rex folus judicat de caufa a jure non defnita, and faies, he muft not wrong the fudges of the Common Law of the Kingdome, fo much *ts tofuffer B2 an (4) an imputation to be cafl upon them, that thej or the Common Law doe not attribute, as great power and authority to their Soveraigns the Kings of England,*** the Canon Laws did to their Emperours • and then cites out of B "ration, (the Chief Juftice in the time of King Hen. 3. and an authen- tique Authour in the Law) thefe words, Be Chart is Regiis & faff is Regum non debent necpojfunt ^fuftitiarii, nee pri- gument to the prejudice of the King, and many wel-mea- ning people have been too credulous in it, without con- fidering that Actions of that nature between great Princes, are grounded upon deep reafons of State, above the ap- prehenfion of vulgar underftandings 5 and that the King upon this new alliance, having at the fame time a Warre with Spaine, had great reafon to gratifie France in all of- fices of friendfhip 5 It may be worth the labour briefly to D fet (tV fct down the truth of that matter, and the proceedings thereupon. About the time of His Majeftics Marriage with the Queen, the French King had many defigncs upon Italy, and a particular difference and conteft with the States of Genoa, and upon conclufion of that Treaty, and renew- ing the antient League and amity, confirmed & ftrength- ncd by this Marriage, His Majcfty was content to lend the Vantguard^ and to give licence that fix or feven Mer- chant Ships might be hired ( if the Owners were willing 1 to ferve the French King in the CAtediterranean Sea^ and upon a precife promife, that they Jhould not be imployed a- gainfl thofe of the Religion in France: Accordingly the Vantgnard ( and no other Veffell of the Navy Royall) was delivered, and the Merchants Ships likewife hired by the French %Jd gents , with the full confent of the Owners, One of which ( or one by their nomination ) Comman- ded each Ship and carried the fame into France, and there themfelves delivered the Ships into the pofTeflion of the French. After thefe Ships were thus engaged fn the French fer- vice, and joyncd to their Fleet \ in which were 20 Ships of Warre likewife borrowed of the Hollanders^ comman- ded by Hauthaine the Admirall, and Dorpe his Vice- Ad- miral], who it is very probable, nor their Matters, were privy, or confenting to that enterprize, and with which they were much fuperiour to thofe of the Religion, though the Enghjh Ships had been away, they fell upon the Rochel Fleet , and took and deftroyed many of them ; The King was no fooner informed of this, then he highly rcfented it by His Ambaffadour, and die French King excufed it upon thofe of the Religion, who, He Alleaged, had without caufe, broken the peace 5 the Duke ofSubefe having (19) having when all was quiet, feized all the French Ships at Blauet, which very Ships made the beft part of the Fleet fiehadnowincountred and broken; And that the King of i^f/'W ought to be fcnfible of the injury, the peace ( thus broken ) having been made and contented to by the French King, upon His Majeftics earned mediation and interpofition •, Notwithstanding which His Majefty juftly incenfed, that His Ships mould be imployed con- trary to His pleafurc and the promife made to Him, im- mediatly required the reftitution of His, and all the Eng- lifh Ships, the which was no fooner made, then to publifh to the world how much He was difpleafed with that A- dion, He entred into Hoftility with France, the chief ground of that quarrell being, that the Englilh Ships had been imployed againft thofe of the Religion, contrary to the expreffe promife made that they mould not be ufed againft them, as appears as well by the cJW^//^/? of the Life of Lew* Duke of Buckingham, dated 21 faly, and printed flnce '>' ^-P-??- this Parliament, as by the Records of State of that time. Let the world now judge with what colour thelofle of Rochel C which as is faid before hapned not till neer or full two years after the return of the Englifh Ships ) can be imputed to the King. 5. The fifth Article, is, the defigne of the Germane- p ag .i8. Horfe, Loanes, Privy Scales, Coat and Conduct mony, Ship- mony, and the many CMonopoliss • all which, are particu- larly mentioned in the firft Remonfirance of the Houfe of Commons of the 15 of December, 1642, as the effects of evill Counfellours, and with a Proteftation in that Peti- tion which accompanied it to His Majefty, that it was without the leaf intention to lay a blemijh upon His CMaje- Exa new Liturgy and Canons with what fucceeded thereupon makes up the next Charge, aggravated with the Cancel- ling and burning the ^Articles of Pacification which had been there made upon the mediation of the Lords. If the King had not been fo tender^of the Act of oblivi- on in the Treaty of Pacification between the two King- domes, that he would not fuflfer any provocation to in- cline Him to ravell into that bufineffe, he might eafily have freed Himfelf from all thofe calumnies and afperfi- ons 5 And it will be but juftice and gratitude in that Na- tion, highly to refent, that whilft all guilty men fhelter themfelves under that Aft of oblivion^ His Majefty ( who is the only innocent and injured Perfon ) mould have His mouth flopped by it ( which is His own expreflion and complaint in His Anfwer to the Declaration at Nervmar* Ex.Coi.p.io^. het )nom any Reply to the reproaches caft on Him in that matter 5 otherwife He might eafily have made it appear that that Liturgy and thofe Canons were regularly made and framed, and fent thither by the advice, or with the approbation of the Lords of the Councell of that King- dome •, and if the putting them in practice and execution was purfued with more paflion & impatience there, then in prudence & policy was agreeable, the error was wholly to be imputed to thofe Minifters of that Kingdome, who were mod proper to be trufted in it •, however, that fo ge- nerall a defection, and infurre&ion was not in any degree, juftifiable or warrantable by the Laws of that Kingdom, is moft certain, they having no vifible Forme either of ; Parliament or King to countenance them, as the Army Ded. and Pa- hath lately obferved 5 And that the Pacification firft P ersof theAr - made by His Majefties mercy, and Chriftian defire tp my,p,J * prevent the effufion of the bloud of His Subjects, how ill E 2 focver, (28) /bever, was broken by them, and thereupon declined by the full advice of the Lords of His Councell, by whole unanimous advice the Articles were publickly burned, as may appear by the Record in the Councell Book of that tranfa<5tion. r -£- iC 9. In the next is rcmernbred, the calling and djfolving the fhort Parliament, and the Kings proceeding after the difiblution. That the calling that Parliament was an Act of the Kings great wiidomeand goodnelfe, was then ;uftly and generally acknowledged, and that it was in His owne power to difiblve it when He thought fit , is as little doubted, but that He did unhappily for Himfelf, by falfe Information in matter of i act, and evill advice diflblve that Parliament, is believed by all men, and upon the matter confeffed y Himfelf, and that that information and advice was moll: pernicious, and the rife of all the miferies we have fince undergone, is not denied ; and 'tis therefore the more wondred at, that the charge of that guilt being part of the impeachment againft two great perfons, whole bloud they have fince drunk, that parti- cular was declined in the profecution of them both $ and that though it be enough known by whofe falfe informa- tion and inftigation that unfortunate counfell was fol- lowed, extraord nary care hath been taken,that he mould not be queftioned for it, which, together with the execf- £ve;'oy that the principall Actors in thefe late mifchiefs exprelfed at that fad time, gives menreafon to conclude, that it was contrived by thofc who have reaped the fruit and advantage of the error :* What the King took from His Subjects by power, which He could not otherwifc obtain, after that d involution is not particularly fet forth, and therefore it is very probable there was no ground for the (29) the calumny, nor indeed was any man a Iofer by any fuch A& of His Majefty. io. Thus far the catalogue reaches of the Kings enor- Page zo, mous crimes during the firjtfixteen years of His jReigne to the beginning of this Parliament^ in which they confefle they proceeded with eafe, as lone as there was any hope, that they would comply with HisMajeJl) againfithe Scots , and give afliftanee to that war ; but when He found that hope vaine^ and that they began to queftion the Autbours of thofe pernicious Counfells, His Majefty difcovered Himfelf fo firongly and pafionately affeffed to malignant CounfellourSy and their Conncells^ that He would fooner defert andf&rce the Parliament and Kingdome^ then alter His courfe, and deliver up His wicked Counfellours to Law and Juftice. There are not fo many years expired fince the beginning of this Parliament, ( though it hath been a ted.ous age of mifery and confuf Ion ) but that all mens memories will recollect and reprefent to them the folly and the falfhood of this Charge : It is not imaginable that the King could expect after the beginning of this Parliament , that it would comply with Him and give Him afliftanee in a Waragainftthe-Sftftt, when He plainly difcover'd, that they who were like ro be, and afterwards proved, the chief Leaders, and Dire&ors in that Councell, were of the fame party ; and how far He was from fheltring any Counfellour or Servant from juftice, or any colourable proceeding of the Law,is as well known : neither did He deny His royall affent to any one Bill,till after He was by force & Tumults driven from White Hall ,and after he had indeed confented to whatfoevcr could he hone fly asked of Him for thefecurity and benefit of the Kingdome. ii. The gueenis too near His Majefty not to bear a Pa s> **■ E i part (30) part and a fliare with Him in thefc calumnies, and there- fore Her dcfigne to advance Popery is rcmembred, and Her obferving a Popifi Fafi % with Secretary Windebanks go- ing bey cad Sea by His Majefties Pa]J'e y after He was que- fHoned by the Houfe of Commons. What that defigne of Her Majcfty was for the advance- ment of Popery,is not particularly mentioned,and there- fore no Anfwer can be given to it, and having cxpreffed fo much undutifulnes & malice to Her Majefty,through- out the whole courfe of their Rebellion,it is not probable they have concealed any thing they could lay to Her charge ; For the Fafi obferved by Her, it is well known that the time of it, was when the King was in the Field, and his Perfon liable to much danger, which piety and devotion was very agreeable to Her goodneffe and exem- plar affection towards her Husband 5 And the Kingdome would think it felf abundantly bletfed, if the Fafts fince obferved by thefe men had produced no worfe effed:s,then that did,w ch was obferved by her M% For §.Wwdebanke^ the Houfe ofComons had it in their power to have procee- ded againft him, & to have prevented his efcape,he being in the Houfe, and according to order withdrawn into the Committee Chamber, after the report was made,and af- ter as much appeared againft him, as was ever objected or difcovered afterwards-, but the Houfe, contrary to cuftome rofe without proceeding upon it^ and therefore His Majcfty might very well give him leave to difpofe of himfelf : And the truth is, they by whom the Houfe was then guided, were beft pleafed with his abfence, and pur- pofely declined the proceeding againft him, when he was in their hands, thinking it eafier to procure his place for one of their principal! Members to whom they had de- signed it, upon the advantage of his flight, then if he had ibid <■**) ftaid to abide his Triall, which for many reafons they would not have thought fit to haften, or to proceed in. 12. The Allegations of Commiffions given to Popifh Pa g-"- Agents for private leavies ( except they intend the Col- lections made amongft the Papifts of money for the Kings expedition into the North, which was hkewife a- mongft, and no leffe liberally complied with by the Lords of the Privy Counfell, and the other Proteftants of the beft quality throughout the Kingdom ) or that the Papifts began to rife and arme themfelves in the North- weft of England and Wales, the raifing Soldiers under pretence for Portugal, and the feizing of the Tower , are fo ftale, vaine, and ridiculous, that ( though upon the firft contrivance of them, the fame ferved the turn of the Contrivers , mens obfervation and knowledge having fince informed them, that there was nothing like either of them ) there needs no further Anfwer to them. 13. The next Article is, the great Caball for bringing p *g- * up the Northeme t^drmy to over-awe the Parliament, the chief part of which they can prove (they fay) to come from Himfelf to the maine Attors, though the King didfo often and folemnly dif-avotv it, as nothing but loofe dif- courfes of a modeft Petition, which alfo vanified two or three Months (he faith,) before they knew of it. They doe well to except againft the Kings pofitive de- nying it, when they have onely their owne confident and pofitive affirming it for proof-, but they had need fup- preffe and burn all His Majefties Declarations and An- fwers, in which He hath abundantly fatisfied the world in this particular, as well as they reftrain His Terfon, and as they have concealed all thofe Depositions taken by themfelves in this Argument, which would manifeft clearly, that there was no fuch defigne by His Majefty, fo they (It) they need recall all thofe they have already published, if Ex.Col.p. io 7 . they defire to have that defignc believed. The King in His Anfvver to the Declaration, prefented to Him at Newmarket, ufes thefe words, We cannot with- out great indignation^ fuffer Our [elf to be reproached, to have intended the leaft force or threatning to Our Parlia- ment, as the being frivy to the bringing up the Army, would imply , whereas We call God to witnes We never had any fuch tboHght, or knew of any fuch refolution concerning Our late Army h And afterwards His Majefty in His Declaration of the 12 of Auguft ( a Declaration that never was offered to be Anfwered ) at large fct forth all He ever knew of that bufineffe, or which upon exacl" inquiry He could imagine to be in it, by which it plainly appears, that fomc Officers of the Army, ( of very good and confefled repu- tation for their affection to their Country ) obferving the ftrange Petitions every day prefented to the Houfc of Commons againft the eftablifhed Laws and Government of the Kingdome, and the unlawfull manner in the deli- vering thofe Petitions, by thoufands of diforderly per- px.C0Lp.jx4, fons in Tumults, fuppofed, that a Petition of a moft mo- deft and dutifull nature from the whole Army, for the composing and fetling all grievances in the Church and State by Law, might for the reafon of it prevaile with the whole Houfe, and coming from fuch a body, might con- firm thofe, who might be ftiaken with any fears of power or force by the Tumults 5 and His Majefty being made acquainted with this propofition, gave his full approba- tion to it, which He had great reafon to do, fincc as there was notable induftry ufed to corrupt His Army, and to make it applicable to the ill purpofes then refolved on 9 fo pains was taken to perfwade the people, that it was in truth very indevotcd to the King, and ready to ferve the Parliament (33) Parliament any way it Should direct ; And ( as His Ma- jefty faies ) if in the managery of this debate, any raih difcourfes hapned of bringing up the Army, it is evident whether they were propofed in earned or no, that they were never entertained, and the whole matter was laid afide, above two Months before any difcovery, fo that that danger was never prevented by the power or wif- dome of Parliament. It appears by the evidence and Depofitions publifhed by themfelves, by the Order of the 19 of May 9 1642. to- gether with that Declaration, that this dangerous Plot be- Ex.CoI.p,»i8. gan without the leaji privity of the Kings, upon fome Of- ficers taking offence &* dif like ,t hat of fifty thoufand pounds Ordred for payment of the Kings Army, ten thoufand pounds was taken vy an after Order out of that fumme to fat is fie a new motion and importunity from the Scots : and that thofe Officers upon that diftaft difcourfed, that they were dis- obliged by the Parliament, and not by the King, and thereupon concluded to tender their Services to His Ma 11 / in all things honourable and agreeable to the fundamental! Laws of the Kingdome j That in debates afterwards to- gether, mention was made of bringing up the Army to London^ and making fure the Tower ; and as foon rejected, as propofed 5 and onely propofed (as their evidence faies ) p aa> „- to pew the vanity and danger of other Propofitions : And that when the King was made acquainted with it, He faid, thofe waies were vain andfoolijb, and that they fhould v*z> ***. think of them no more. That the Petition it felf, which His Majefty approved, was not above the fize of Petitions, and very much mo- defter then any one Petition received by the Authors of this Declaration with approbation, appears by the Peti- tion it felf to be read in the 563 pag, of the 1 vol. of the F Collect. to; Collect. ofOrd. publiihed by themfelves, which being di- rected to the two Houfes, as well as to the King, took notice of the fcditious Tumults, which they faid, hadbe- fet the Parliament and White-Hall it felf, net onely to the prejudice ofthatfreedome^ which is necejfary to great Cottn- cells and judicatories, but poftbly to fomeperfonall danger of His [acred Majefty and Peers, and therefore defired that the Ring-leaders of thofe Tumults might be punifhed, and that His Majefty and the Parliament might be fecu- red from fuch infolencies hereafter 3 for the fuppreffing of which they offered the mfe Ives to wait on them^ if they pleafed, which hath not been fince thought jo unnaturall a [ecurity, an \^4rmy being fine e called up and kept about them, upon the fame pretences, to the fame purpofe, of which more muft be faid anon : And for the ftrangenefs fuggefted, that three Gentlemen mould flee beyond Sea upon difcovery of a modeft Petition, it is no wonder, when men were every day imprifoned, ruined, and de- ftroyed upon the raoft triviall difcoveries, and unreafon- able conjectures and apprehenfions, that men defired to avoid their Judgment, ( who had it in their power to put what interpretation they pleafed upon any difcovery, and to inflid what punifhment they thought fit upon fuch in- terpretation,) or that the King contributed His allowance to remove His Servants from fuch a Tribunall. It is a wonderfull prefumption thefe men have upon the credulity of the people, that they will not examine the truth of any thing they alleage, how eafie foever it is to difprove them -, othenvife they would not affirme that at the meeting of Officers at Burrough-Bridge^ Proposi- tions were made, and private inftruclions brought from the King, whereas it appears, by their own evidence, that Capt. Chudleigh^ who is fuppofed to have brought thole Propo- (35) Propositions thither ( and what they were, appears not) did not receive thofe Proportions from the King-, and ExCol.p.aaj. that when he kiflfed the Kings hand, His MajeHy (pake not a word to him of thofe Proportions^ which without doubt He would have done, if He had been privy to, or expe- cted any thing from His agitation, it being not alleaged that there was any other Officer of the Army at that time fo immediatly imployed or trufted in that Agitation : And as there hath not been the leaft colourable evidence in any of the Depofitions then or fince publifhed, which „ can reflect upon the King •, And as there is much in Ma- iler Goring s fecond Examination, and other Depofiti- ons, fuppreffed by them, which if produced, would ma- nifeft that there was never any mch defigne, as is fugge- fted ; and that to the very Communication concerning it, the King was not any way privy, and dif liked it when he heard of it. So it was ooferved then, and not a little won- dred at, that Capt. Chudleigh^ who was the principall Ex.CoI.p.220. perfon imployed, and who confeffes in his Examination of the 10 of CMay, that he ufed all his power to incertfe the Army againft the Parliament ; and to kindle a zeale in them towards the King, was fo far from being in dif- favour with them, that he was immediately imployed by them into Ireland, and afterwards re-called thence, and trufted in the fecond, if not the firft Command in the Weft againft the King, which they would not have done, if he had been in that manner firft engaged by His Ma- jefty. For the difcourfe of the Prince his meeting the Army, with the Earle of Newcafile and a body of Horfe, it is Ex.Coi.p.a»*. proved to be by a pvivateMajor in the Army,who had not only any relation to the King, but at that time had never fpoken word with His Majefty in his life, and had no more F 2 ground, fjfl ground, then the other of the defigne, for fomc French to feize on Portfmoutb,which is fo ridiculous,that it needs no other Anfwerthen repeating it. &%.%}. 14. The Offers made to the Scots of the plunder of London^ if they would advance, or of four Northerne Counties, with three hundred thoufand pounds or levels of great value, but to ftand Newters in that defigne, is another impoifible branch of this Charge , for which there appears not the leaft pretence of proof in any thing publiihed by them, ( and they have not been tender of publiihing all they know, or imagined ) but that Ma- tter Oneale asked Sir Jacob Jjhly, what if the Scots could be made Newtrall i It is not imaginable that the King knew not the temper of that time, ( which he fo grievouf- lyfeltj well enough, to conclude that the Parliament and the Scots were too faft combined, to be fever'd for any intereft of his ; and the offer of four Northern Coun- ties, ( a thing fo confeffedly out of the King's power to give ) is fo fenfleflfe a calumny, that no man, out of the higheit. fit of madnelTe can believe it, and they to whom this Offer is fuppofed to be made, would in all this time have accufed the King of it, if they had been able to ju- ftifie any thing like it. However it is to be obferved, that though thefe men hold thefe imaginable overtures and defignes to be very hainous crimes in the King, they reckon the reducing fuch defignes into reall and compleat execution, no Of- fences in themfelves ; and that though the King may not wifh His Subjects of Scotland to ftand newters in the dif- ferences between His Majefty and His Englifh people, yet it is no fault in them to engage that Nation to aflift them in Armes againft the Soveraigne of both King- domes •, and though a curfory difcourfe by other men of bringing (37) bringing up 'the Army to awe the Parliament, be allea- ged as a breach of truft againft the King never to be for- gotten, yet the actuall bringing up an Army upon them, and thereby awing it fo far, as the driving away many Members, and making thofe who remained do any thing that Army dire&s, is no offence in them, either againit the freedome or priviledge of Parliament. To that claufe His Majefty not being perfwaded by their Petitions to defer His journey into Scotland, in the year x 541. there needs no Anfwer, then the remembring HisMajefties owne words in His Declaration of the 12. ofAuguft, which are thefe : We gave them warning that if e x ,c 1. p. j z ?. there were any more good Bills, which they defired might paffe for the benefit of Our Subjects, We wifbed they might he made ready againft fuch a time, when We refelved, accor- ding to Ourpromife to Our Scotch Subjects (with which they were well acquainted ) to repair into Our Kingdome of Scot- land, to fettle the unhappy differences there ; Upon this We were eame fly defired by both Our Houfes of Parliament to defer Our journey thither, as well upon pretence of the dan- ger, if both Armies were not firft Disbanded, as that they had many good Lawes in readineffe for the fetling of diffe- rences here, We were by their intrcaty perfwaded to defer Our journey to a day agreed on by them f elves, ejrc Which relation at large of what followed, may fatisfie all men of His Majefties extraordinary complyance 5 and when' He went, He left fuch a Commiflion behind him, as was agreeable to Law, and funicient to prevent any inconve- niences which might arife in His abfence •, whereas, That defired by them (being to consent to all Acts they Jhould pajfe before He returned) was fo monftrous, illegally and unheard-of, that they were themfelves afhamed to prefle it farther, and refted fatisfied, with that which His Ma- F 3 jefty m jetty granted % nor docs it appcare that there was in a- ny time before, any ifiiied out by the means of Secreta- ry Windebanke of a larger extent 5 or that was not agree- able to Law, and the policy of that time. Pa. i4 . 15. Now fucceeds the high Charge of the bufineflTe of Ireland, as if they hoped to perl wade the people, that the King is accefTary to a Treafon and Rebellion againft Himfelf •, and that in a time when there were fo great diffractions in two of His Kingdoms, He mould Him- felf put the third into a flame, that fo He might have none to help Him, to quench the fire that was kindled in the other;the particulars out of which this grand Charge is compounded (riall be feverally examined. They who have ufed no kind of confeience or civility in the publishing all Letters of His Majefties, ( by what ill means foever the fame have come into their hands ) which they imagined might by the fimplicity and weak- neiTe of the people, or the moft malitious glofies and in- terpretations they could put upon them, beget any pre- judice to His Majeity, cannot be imagined now to con- ceale any thing that would contribute to their purpofe, and therefore their not publishing thofe Letters, which they fay the King fent into Ireland by the Lord Dillon, immediately before the Rebellion, is argument fufficient, that either there were no fuch Letters, or nothing in them, which can in any fenfe reflect upon His Majeity • nor can it find credit with any ( not malitiourly and ftu- pidly fottifh ) that after fo many reiterated infufions into the people by their feverall Declarations that the Rebels of Ireland avowed, that they had a Commifliion under the great Seale of England for what they did \ It is now inverted into a Commiflion under the great Seale of Scot- land, Sealed at Edenburgh when the King was laft there 5 when (39) when it is knownc He could no more have affixed that Seale ( in whofe hands foever it was ) to any fuch Inftru- ment, (ifHehadhad the Will, which no Chriftian be- lieves He hadjthen He can now difpofe of that at London^ of which Commiffion, the world mould long fince have been informed by the Scots, if they could have found a probable ground for the Suggeftion : And furely thefe men would have publifhed the Depositions of thofe, who ( they fay ) have feen it, if they had believed them fuch,as would find credit amongft men. What was promifed to the Irijh Committee at London^ is like to be much better known to the Authouts of this Declaration, then to His Majefty, the greater part where- of being Papifts, and fince Active Rebels, having during their ftay in London, fo great an intereft in the powerful! and active Members there, that they were able to prevaile with them to interpofe in the affairs of that Kingdome in fuch manner as they defired; and very probably then laid the foundation, and defigne of their future Rebelli- on, upon the principles they then faw introduced and countenanced here : By the earneft advice, and importu- nate interpofition of fo me of thofe principall Members, they prevailed, that after the death of the Lord Depu- ty Wansford, no fuch perfon might be appointed tem- porarily to fucceed, as was like by his power and vigi- lance to prevent the wickcdnefie they intended • and if the King gave away, or promifed them more then five Counties, it was not upon their private mediation, but their publique addreffe according to their inftru&ions from the Parliament, after the Houfe of Commons had made the recovery of, and intit'ling His Majefty to thofe Counties, a particular Article of their Impeachment a- gainft the Earlc of Strafford, and fo blemiihed His Maje- fties (4°) flies juft and legall intereft, and what His Majefty did thereupon, was by the full and deliberate advice of His Counccll Board, according to ufuall forms obferved in the affairs of that Kingdome: It' is very probable that His Majefty might think Himfelf at that time opprelTed by the two Houfes of Parliament, as He had great caufe, but that He mould exprcue fo much, and wilh that He could be revenged on them, to, or before that Commit- tee, whom at that time He had reafon to believe to be combined with the other, is more then very unlikely. The not Disbanding the Jrijl) <^4rmy is next remem- bred, and indeed ought not to be forgotten ; the not fca- fonably difpofing that body, giving ( no doubt ) a great rife, and contributing much to the Rebellion, that fhort- ly after brake out 3 but where the fault of that was, is as evident. That Army was juftly and prudently raifed, when the intention in Scotland was clearly known to invade Eng- Und^ and with a purpofe to reftraine or divert that expe- dition, and if need were, to reduce that Kingdome to their Allegiance, which was the fenfe, and could be no other of thofe words charged upon the Earl of Strafford^ if any fuch words were fpoken : And after the Scots Ar- my was entred England, it was no wonder if the King were not forward to Disband that Army, till He could difcerne that the other did in truth intend to return, and He no fooner was confident of the one, then He refolved the other • but then He wifely confidered that the Dif- banding fuch a body at that time, when fo much licence was tranfplanted out of this, into that Kingdome, was not fo like to contribute to the peace of it, as the tranf- porting them ; and therefore His Majefty agreed with the Spanijh Jmbajfadour } that he ftiould have leave to tranf- port <4i) port three or four thoufand of them for his Mafters fcr- vice,which was no fooner known, but the Infh Committee then at Londontwho^it may be,had otherwife defign'd the fervice of thofe men ) prevailed with the Houfe of Com- mons to interpofe, and hinder the execution of that A- greement, who (principally, upon consideration of the umbrage the Crowne of France might take at fuchan affiftance given to Spaine) preffed the King to revoke that grant, and to confent to the Disbanding - 7 That ob- jection was eafily anfwered by His Majefty, having a- greed likewife with the French Ambaffadour^ that the like number mould be likewife tranfported for F ranee ^ where- by the whole Army, would have been difpofedof^ a- gainft which the Irijh Committee more preffed then a- gainft the other, alleaging that there were not men in that Kingdome to fpare : whereupon,the Houfe of Com- mons (by their private Agents) prevailed with the French jimbaffadottr ( who more defired to hinder the fupply for Spaifie 9 thca to procure the like for his Mafter,and it may be, to fee the King controlled by the Parliament then either of the other) to releafc the King of His promife to him, fo that they would prevent the Spaniard's having any men; And thereupon they re-inforced their impor- tunity to the King for the prefent Disbanding, and not fending any of that Army out oflreland'm fuch a man- ner, as His Majefty was forced to yeild to it 3 and thereby ( no queftion ) much was contributed to the opportunity and difpofition of rebelling ■ and to whofe account that advantage is to be put, all the world may judge : yet ic may be nt to obferve, that of that Irifh i^frmy ( which thefe men would have believed to be no lefle then a Stra- tagem againft the Proteftant Religion > not one Officer above the quality of Captaine, and not above two of G that that condition, have ferved in that Rebellion in Ireland a- gainft the King. In all Rebellions the chief Authors and Contrivers of it have made all fair pretences, and entred into fuch fpe- cious Oaths, as were tnoft like to feduce and corrupt the people to joyne with them, and to put the faireft gloflc upon their fouleft combination and confpiracy , and therefore it is no wonder, if the Rebels in Ireland framed an Oath by which they would be thought to oblige them- felves to bear true Faith and Allegiance to King Charles 9 and by all meanes to maintain His Royall Prerogative, Ex.C0Lp.137. at a time when they intended nothing leffc; And Owen Connelly ( who was the firft happy difcoverer of that Re- bellion ) in the fame Depofltion, in which he faies the Re- bels would fay the King all His Rights, faies likewife, that they faid, they took that courfe to imitate Scotland , who %ot a priviledge by it : and Marke Paget in the fame Exa- mination, in which he faies, that the Rebels report that they have the Kings Warrant and great Se ale for what they doe ; faies likewife, that they threaten, that as foon as they have rooted out the Brittijh and Englijh there, to invade England, and to afifithe Papifts in England: and there- fore it is a wonderfull thing, that what they fweare, or what they fay, mould be imputed to Him, againft whom they have rebelled and forfworn themfelves. The Au- thours of this Declaration have ( befides their Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy ) in the Protefiatien of the 5. of ijiiay, fvvorn, that they would maintaine and defend the Kings roy all P erf on, honour, andejiate-, and fhortly after would perfwade the people, that they were by that very Proteflation obliged to take up Armes againjl Him ; in their Declaration of the 19. of iJMay, they ufed thefe words, Kx.Col.p.i^. The providing for thepublique peace and proflerity efffis Majejly <43) Majcfty and all Bis Realmes, weprotefiin the pre fence of the all-feeing Deity, to have been, and fill to be the only end of all our Counfells, and endeavours, w herein we have refeU ved to continue freed and enlarged from all private aymes,. perfonall refpecls, or pafions whatsoever : and the very next day Voted, that Be intended to make War again f Bis p ag , z^« Parliament, and that whofoever fiould ferve or a pft Bim were Traytors by the fundamental! Laws of the Kwgdome, and C upon that conclusion of His intention ) actually lea- vied an Army, and marched againft him. IntheirP^/>/'^ofthe2.of^«^ 5 they tell him, that Ex.Col.p. 5 o 7 . they have nothing in their thoughts, and de fires, more pr en- ens and of higher eft eem (next to the honour and immediate fervice of God) then thejufl and fait hfull performance of their duty to Bis Majefty , and together with that Petition^ prefent the 19. Proportions to Him, by which they leave Him not fo much power in Bis Kingdome, as the meanefl fjfttember of either Boufe referves to himfelf. Laftly, ( to omit infinite other inftances ) in their In- ftru&ions of the 18. of Auguft to the Deputy Lieutenants c of Chefhire, they required them to declare unto all men, that it had been, and fill jhould be, the care and endeavour of both Boufes of Parliament to provide for Bis CMajefty, That they doe not, nor ever did know of any evill intended to His Majefiies P erf on, when the only bufinerfe and end of thofe directions and inftru&ions were to raife that whole County againft Him ; So that this claufe of the Rebels Oath in Ireland, is no more to be ob/e&ed againft the King, then thofe other claufes in their own Oaths and Declarations, which they have not yet charged His Ma- /efty wit hall. Concerning the Proclamation againfi the Rebels in Ire- land, which they fay, they could not obtaine in divers G 2 Months, (44) Months, and then that but ^c Copies were printed, and ex- preffe Order given that none Jhould be publijhed till further directions : hear His Maj.own full Anfwer to that Charge in His Anfwer to the Declaration of the 19. ofiMay, in tx.Col.p.147. thefe words, 'Tis well known that we were, when that Re- bellion brake forth, in Scotland, That We immed.atly from thence recommended the care of that bufmeffe to both Houfes $f Parliament here, after We had provided for aU fitting Juppl/esfrom Our Kingdome ^/Scotland, that after Our re- lume hither, We obferved all tkofe formes for that fervice^ which We were advtfed to %% Our Councell of Ireland, or both Houfes of Parliament here ; and if no Proclamation ifj'ued out fooner, it was becaufe the Lords fttftices of that Kingdome defired them no fooner ; and when they did, the number they defired was but Twenty, which they adv. fed might be Signed by us, which we for expedition of the fer- vi ce commanded to be printed (a circumfiance not required by them) and thereupon fignedmcre then they defired : So that it is an impudent AiTertion, that they could not ob- tain a Proclamation in divers Months, when they never fo much as defired or moved it ; and it was no fooner moved to the King, but He gave Order in it the fame Houre. But it will not be amiffe, ( fincerhis particular hath bin with fb much confidence, and (b often unreafonably ob- jected againft His Ma/efty ) to fpeak fomewhat of the cuftome and order ufually obferved in fending Procla- mations into that Kingdome, and of the reafon why (6 many, and no more were at that time lent : except upon ar.y extraordinary reafons, the King never fignes more then the rirft draught of the Proclamation, fairly ingrof- fed in parchment, which being (erct to the Lord Deputy, or Lords Jujlices in Ireland, is there printed, and the prin- ted (45) _ ted Copies difperfed, as they are in England; His Ma/c- fkicsjigne Manuallbtmg not to any of thofe Copies : The Lords fuftices and Councell, taking notice of the rumour induftrioufly fpread amongft the Rebels that they had the Kings authority for what they did, which might get credit amongft fome t, defired, that they might have twenty Pro- damations fent overfigned by the King's figne Manually to the end, that befides the printed Copies, which they would d fperfe according to cufiome, they might be able to fend an Onginall with the King's hand to it, to thofe considerable persons, whom they might fufyeel to be mi fed by that falfe rumour, who when t hey f aw the Kings very hand, would be Without excufe if they per fifed: This Letter and defire from the Lords Juftices and Councell, was communica- ted at the Counccl Board, and the refolution there taken, that they fhould have double the number they defired, figned by the King ; and becaufe the ingrolfrng fo many Copies would take up more time, directions were given for the iprintmg forty Copies, all which were figned by His Majefty, and with all poilible fpced difpatched into Ireland •, and' the caution that there mould be no more printed;, then were fent away thither, was very necelTary^ left the Re- bels, by having notice of it, fhould find fome device, to evade the end, for which they were fent, and be prepa- red to defend their old, orraifefome new fcandall upon His Majefty ; befides that there was no imaginable rea- fon^ why any more fhould at that time be printed in Lon- don* What was written from Court to the Lord Mttskery, that His Majefty was well pleafed with what He did,can- not reflect upon His Majefty, nor had the perfon who is fuppofed to have written fuch a Letter ( whom they have in former Declarations declared to be the Lord Dillon ^ G 3 and (4*) & who exprefiy denied the ever writing any fuch Letter) any place or relation at Court , and the King had good icafon long after to write to the Marquefj'e of Ormond to give particular thanks to Umkery and Punket, They ha- ving bin both at Oxfordjm$\oyo.tJ quired them to take care for the guarding of that Coaft, which they altogether neglected ; notwithstanding that they found meanes likewife to feize thofe two Ships , which His Majefty hoped He fhould have been pofTef- fedof. Nor is it better underftood what they mean by fupplies from the Earle 0/ Antrim and Lord Aboyne, or of^Armes and ^Ammunition from the Kings Maga^jnes^ or from the Sb*een^ which no fober man believes, or of which no evi- dence or inftance hath f j much as been offered : Some few Suits of clothes in the beginning of the War were taken by the Kings Souldiers about Coventry when that City was in open Rebellion, which they pretended were prepared for Ireland, and which His Majefty did what could be done to caufe to be reftored, but it was not pof- fible, and was apparently their fault, that would not fend for a fafe conduct, when they were to paflfe through His Majefties Quarters. And how far the King was from confenting to, or ap- proving that Action, appears by His Majefties exprefle Command ( which was executed accordingly ) for the Ex.Col.p.68o. tranfporting into Ireland of three thoufand Suites of cloths, which He found provided for that Service at Che- fter, after His Majefty was pofTefTed of that City, and which had been neglected to be fent,and which no necef. fity of His own Army could prevaile with Him to feize, or divert from that neceffary ufe for which they were provided. His Ma r y never denied any Pieces of Battery deft red by the Ceuncell of Ireland, nor is there the leaft colour to affirm the fame-, what directions the Rebels give in their Let- ters of Mart, or whether they gave any fuch directions as are alleagcd, is no way materiall as to His Majefty h and for (53) for Officers and Commanders, who left their truftfc- gainft the Rebels, it is fufficiently known, that the Earle of Leven^ who by His Majefiies confent was fent Gene- rail of the Scots into Ireland againft the Rebels, was cal- led from thence to lead an Army into England againft His Majefty ; and when the King's Commimoners at the Treaty at Uxbridge alleaged ana complained, that many Officers both Scotshnd Englijl) had in the beginning of that War left that Service, and been entertained by the two Houfes againft the King, all the Anfwer they could receive was, That they were net fent for. This being the cafe ( as without any poflibility of con- tradiction it is ) thefe Gentlemen had no more reafon to believe the Rebels, when they did fo often fwear they did nothing without good authority and Commiflion from the King,then the Rebels had to believe them, when they fwore on the 22.of October, 1642. That no private paftien Ex.Col.p.663. er rejpetf, no cvill intention to His Majefties perfon, nor de- figne to the prejudice of His jujl honour and authority^ enga- ged them to raife Forces , and the next day gave His Maje- fiy battle at Edge-hill : Nor is it more materiall, that Sir fhelim Oneale would not be perfwaded, that Gene- rall Lajly had any authority from the King againft the Rebels, then that thefe Gentlemen mould be perfwaded in the fame houre to believe that an Army mould be rai- fed for the fafety of the King's perfon, and to fweare that they would live and die with the Earl of Effex y whom Ex.C0Lp.457. they nominated Generall to lead that Army againft the King. What information was given divers Months before to the Jrchbifhop 3 and others of the Kings Councel, ofade- figm amongHthe Papiftsfor a generall Maffacre of all the Proteftantstn Ireland and England,^, is no objection H 3 againft (54) againft the King, and as the Archbimop was imprifoned divers Months before that Rebellion brake out, fo it is not like, if they had been able to have charged Him with any concealment, that they would have forborn accu- fing him with it at his Triall, when they fo much wanted evidence againft him, that they were faine to make his Chaplains not licencing fuch Books againft Popery, as they thought did difcredit the Proteftant caufe, an Ar- gument or his Treafon ^ and they would likewife now have named the others of the King's Counfell, if they could have alleaged any matter,that could have reflected upon them or their Mafter. Next follows a huddle of the Kings Letters to the Pope^ when he was in Spaine^ and of others fince on the behaife of the Duke of Lorawge, and of the Kings having an A- gent at Rome ( which it is knowne he never had ) fome Months before the Irifti Rebellion : all which are fo ob- fcurely mentioned, and fo ridiculous, as to any charge a- gainft the King, that they are not worthy any Anfwer 5 yet becaufe 1 how impertinently foe ver ) by the licence of thefe times, much hath been fcandaloufly difcourfed of a Letter written by the King, when he was Prince, and in Spaine, to the Pope, and fuch a Letter tranflated & prin- ted, out of a Copy publifhcd in the French Mercury, it may not be amuTe to fay fome what of that bufinefle. The Prince being by the command of his Father fent into Spaine, to conclude a Marriage with the Daughter of that Crowne, which had been long treated of, could not but be obliged, whilft he was there, to perform all Ceremonies which were requisite to the compaifing the bufinefle he went about-, The Kingdome where he was, had afaft friendlhip with Rome, and fuch a kind of de- pendence, that a difpenfation from thence was thought neceflary (55) neceffary by the wifdomc of that State to the marriage in treaty,towards the procuring whereof,though the Prince would not contribute the leaft application of his owne, yet he was not reafonably to do any thing, which might make that difpenfation the more difficult to be procu- red 5 The Pope that then was,writ a Letter to the Prince, which was delivered to his HighnefTe, by his Minifter there refident ; It was a Letter of refpecl:, and in the in- terpretation of that State , of great kindneffe ; and it would have been thought a very unfeafonable neglect, if the Prince had vouchsafed it noAnfwer: on the other hand, it was eafier to refolve, that it was fit to write, then what ; in the mean time, they who were officious that it might be done, prepared the draught of a Letter, and brought it to him j the which, when his HighnefTe had peruftd with his own hand, he expunged thofe claufes, which might feem to refleel: upon the Religion which he profeffed, and having (b altered and mended it, he caufed it to be fent to the Pope ; Copies of the firil draught were fpread abroad, by which that was inferted in the French Mercury, ( which is fo carefully tranflated and printed, and difperfed thefe late ill years ) and now is given in evidence againft His Majefiy ; But admitting it were the fame, and that the Prince being in a forain Kingdom, (with the policy whereof he was then to com- ply) had written that very Letter, which is printed, with what colour of reafon can any man make that an Argu- ment of his inclination to Popery, who at that time, and ever fince hath given thegreateft teftimony of his affe- ction to the Proteftant Religion, that any Prince or pri- vate pe:fon hath done i The Authours of this Declara- tion, would not think it juft, that from their very loving Letters to the Bajhaw at r^Argym^ and his to them, in which which He thanks God that the Agent of the \ Lament of England is come thither to make a peace and love betwixt them to the end of the world , as appears by the relation of that bufineffe fol. 15. publifhed by their authority, and from the amity with them, to that Degree, that they have given the Turkes men-of-war the freedome of their Harbours, men mould conclude, that they are refolvcd to turn Turkes, and yet fuch a conclusion will more na- turally refult from thofe Letters, and that ftri<5t corrc- fpondence, then of the King's affection to Popery from that Letter to the Pope. It is faid that the fame defigne was laid in England at the fame time, and that many thoufands were appointed to cut the Proteftants throats in this Kingdom alfo,when the King went into Scotland, and that it wasconfeffed by fome of the principall Rebels, that their Popiih Com- mittee with the King, had communicated that defigne with many Papifts in England, by whofe advice ( though fome things were altered, yet ) it was generally conclu- ded, that about the fame time, there lhould be the like proceedings of the Papifts here ; all which if true, ( as no fober man believes it to be ) does no way reflect upon the King •, and that Popifh Committee was fent more to the two Houfes, then to the King, and were more owned by them, who tooke fpeciall care for their Accommoda- tion. By what is faid, it fufficiently appears, how unjuft and unreafonable all the particular Scandals are, with relation to the bufineffe of Ireland, in which His Majefty (how im- pudently foever He hath been afperfedj never did any, or omitted the doing any thing , but according to thofe rules, which are moft juftifiable before God and man •, it were to be wilhed that the two Houfes of Parliament had but ($7) but as well performed their duty, and obligations % but it cannot be forgotten, that neer the beginning of this Rebellion, when the Houfes pretended wonderfull dif- ficulty to raife men for that Service, and when a feafon- able fupply would utterly have broken and defeated the Rebels, the King fent a Meffage to them on the 28 of Be- Ex Co! cembcr , 1641. That His Majefiy being very fenfible of 'the great miseries and dittreffes of His Subjects in the King' dome of Ireland which daily increafed, and the bloud which had been already /pi It, by the cruelty and barbaroufneffe of thofe Rebels , crying out fo loud •, and perceiving howfiowly thefuccours defigned thither went en, His Majefiy Himfelf would take care, that by Commifiionsiyvhich He would grant} ten thoufand Englijh Voluntiers fhould be Jpeedily raifedfor thatfervice, if the Houfe of Commons would declare, that they would pay them : which offer from His Majefiy was rejected, and no confiderable fupplies fent till they had compelled His Majefty to confent to fuch a Bill for Pref- fing, as might deveft and rob Him of a neceffary and le- gall power inherent in His Crowne. Nor can it be forgotten, that they referved thofe men, which were raifed for Ireland, and would not otherwife have been engaged in their Service, but on that pretence, and brought them to fight againft His Majefty at Edge- hill, and afterwards retained them ftill in their Service; That they imployed the mony, raifed by A& of Parlia- ment for the relief of Ireland, and with a particular cau- tion, that it mould be imployed no other way, for the fupport and maintenance of that Army led by the Earle of Ejfex againft the King, and that from the beginning of the Rebellion in England, (though they received vaft fums of mony raifed only for Ireland) they never admi- niftred any confiderable fupply thither, that they could I apply (5$) apply to the advancement of their owne Defignes at home againft the King. Thefe particulars ( of which kind every man may call to mind many more ) nor their notable compliance with the Iiiih Committee, when they came flrft over, are re- membred, to imply that the two Houfes of Parliament were guilty of railing the Rebellion in Ireland othervvife then by their principles, and proceedings in diminution of the King's foveraigne power J or that they cherifhed it after it was begun ( otherwife then by not wifely and vi- gorously endeavouring to fuppreffe it, before it fpread fo univerfally) but that which maybe juftlylaid to their charge is, their affecting and grafping the power of car- rying on that War, which fo great a body is not fit for 5 their imprudent and unpolitique declaring an animofity againft the whole Nation, and even a purpofe for their utter extirpation, and difpofing their Lands to thofe ? who would be adventurers for it ; which Act and Declara- tion it is known drove many into open Rebellion, who were not before fufpected, or at leaft declared to be af- fected to the Rebels • and laftly, their giving all their minds up to the kindling that horrid and monftrous re- bellion here, rather then to the extinguishing the other in Ireland, Pag.^. ; \6. Next fucceeds the Charge againft the King, for the unufuall preparation of Ammunition and Armes ( upon His return from Scotland ) with new Guards within, and about White-hall ; the Fire-works taken and found in Pa- pifts houfes y the Tower filed with New guards, Granadoes, and all forts of Tire-works ', Morters and great pieces of Bat- tery, the dif-p lacing Sir W lliam Balfore, and placing o- ther Officers, who were fftffiecJed hythem^ and the whole City, Not (59) Not to fpeak of the entertainment they provided for the King againft His return out of Scotland, when in ftead of thanking Him for having patted fo many good Adfcs of grace and favour to them, that there was no one thing more, that the Kingdome could reafonably aske from Him, or requisite to make them the moft happy Nation of the world; They prefented Him a Remonftrance ( as they called it ) of the State of the Kingdome, laying be- Ex.Col.p.^8. fore Him (, to ufe His Majefties own words ) and publijh- ing to the world all the mifiakes, and all the mif~ fortunes, which hapnedfrom Hisfirjl comming to the Crowne^ andhe- fere^ to that houre^ forgetting the blejjed condition all His Subjects had enjoyed in the benefit of peace and plenty under His Majefiy to the envy of Chrijlendome : Not to fpeak of the licence then ufed in language, when upon debate of fome pretended breach of Order, one of the princi- pall Promoters of this Declaration publickly faid in the Houfeof Commons, without controle, that their Dffci- j>lme ought to be fever e, for the enemy was in view^ when the King was come within one daies journey of the City 5 His Majefty found a band of Souldiers entertained to guard the two Houfes of Parliament, which as it had bin never known in age before in that manner, fo there was not now the leaft vifible caufe for it, but that there had be— - Plot in Scotland againft the perfons of the Mar- quelle of Hamilton and Argyle^ and therefore there might be the like upon fome principall Members here : Upon the King's return the Earl of Ejfex refigned up the Com- miflion with which he had been intruftedby His Majefty during His abfence to preferve the peace of the King- dome, and thereupon that Guard which was drawn to- gether by vertue of that authority in that Earle, was dif- folvcd with it : The King came then to Whin-hall^ and I 2 for (*o) for what pafTcd afterward, heare in His ownc words, in Pag. ? j j. His Declaration of the 1 2 . ofAuguft, Great multitudes of mutinous people every day reforted to Weftminfter, threat- nedtopuldown the lodgings where divers oftheBifbops lay, affaultcdfome in their Coaches^ chafed others with Boats by water y laid violent hands on the Arch-htjhop of Yorke in his papng to the fioufe^ and had he not been refcued by force , it is probable they had murdered him^ crying through the free ts, Weftminfter- hall, and between the two Houfes^ No Bifhops^no Bijhops^ no Popifl Lords • andmif-ufedthe feverall Members of either Houfe y who, they were informed, favoured not their de (per ate and f edition* ends y proclaiming the names of feverall of the Peers as evill and rotten-hearted Lords -, and in their return from thence^ madefland before Our gate at Whkc-ha\\ y faid,they would have no more Por- ters Lodge jbut would Jpeak with the King when they pleafed; and ufdfuch dejperate rebellious difcourfe^ that We had great reafon to believe, Our owne Perfon^ Our Roy all Con- fort, and Our Children to be in evident danger of violence, and therefore were compelled at Our great charge to enter- tain a Guard for fecuring Us from that danger ♦, Thefe are His Majefties own words, and containe no more then is known to all men, and hath never yet been particularly denied by themfelves, therefore fure the King had great rcafonto provide fome Guard forHimfelf; and what was that Guard i Many Colonels and Officers of qua- lity attended the Parliament for Mony due to them by the fublique Faith ( which to this chy hath not been paid to them) thefc Gentlemen upon the Offer of their Ser- vice to the King in this exigent, were lifted, and atten- ded at White- hall to defend it againft the infolency of thofe Tumults : and the little Ammunition and Armes which was brought thither, was for that purpofe : That the am the Houfes within few daks after raifed a ftronger Guard for themfelves, without and againft the King's Confent, and with that and other Forces countenanced by that, drove the King from the Towne, is as true and notorious to all the world. What is meant by the Fire- works found and taken in Papifts houfes, is not underftood, except they intend the Lord Herbert's houfe, which being at that time menti- oned and examined, was in the Houfe of Commons re- jec"ted,as an idle bruite,fome of their principall Members affirming they had been there, and were fatisfied, that there was nothing in the practice or defigne, but what was very juftifiablc. The Tower was fo farre from being filled with new Guards, that there were no new Guards put there, till the Houfes took the boldneffe to doe it 5 and if the King had made any addition of ftrength to His own Fort, it would have been no more, then He might well have done : But that the having Granadoes, and all forts of Fire-works, Morters and great Pieces of Battery ready prepared in the Tower, mould be objected to the King,is wonderful!, fince it is the proper place, where fuch Utenfils for war are to be-,and if they had been in any other place,it might have adminiftred fome occafion of jealoufie : there were no more pieces of Battery prepared and mounted againft the City, then had been ufuall and accuftomed. It was in the King's juft power to remove any man from being Lieutenant of the Tower, whofe fidelity or affection he fufpcclcd or made queftion of, yet ( what juft reafon foever He had for either ) Sir William Balfore was removed with hisownconfent, and upon fuch a prefent recompencein mony, as himfelf thought an ample com- pensation : it is true, fome factious Citizens ( who were I 3 alwaie* (6i) alwaies ready to be applied to any feditious action ) peti- tioned againft Sir John Byron, who fucceeded in that Command ; and alleaged that their jealoufie was fuch, that they were forced to forbear the bringing in of Bul- lyon to the Mint •, when in truth there was not one of thofe who concurred in that Petition, that ever brought Bullyon thither, or ufed thar Trade ; and to ufe His Ma- Ex.Coi.p. 546. jeftiesowne words, it is notorioully known, There was more Bullyon brought into the Mint, in the timejhat Gentle- man was Lieutenant, then in the fame quantity of time in any mans remembrance : And furely it will be a great brand upon that time, and the City, to pofterity, and an evidence how far they were from lodging Englifh hearts in their brefts, that they would think themfelves lefle fe- enre in Sir John Byron, a pcrfon of Noble Extraction, generous education, unblemifhed reputation, and a full fortune ; then of an indigent Forainer, who had no other Arts to live by, then thofe of which they juftly complai- ned, and could not ferve them, without betraying his faith to his Mafter, to whom he was particularly fworn, and ingaged by infinite Obligations. Hitherto they have examined only the errors and over- fights, at leaft the leffe raging enormities of the firft. Six- teen or Seventeen years of His Majefties Reigne, now they are entring into the high wales, where they fay, the tract of open force againft the Parliament and Kingdom did appear more e vifible. Pa g- =?• j 7. The firft inftance is the Charge ofTreafbn againft fome of both Houfes •, and that unparalleled Acl of violence by the King's coming fo attended to the Houfe of Commons, which they fay was, but the Prologue to a bloudy Ira* ^edy, &c. Though the tale of the Members did at that time ferve their their turne, to worke upon the un-skilfull and un'-diftin- guifhing minds of the people, and to apply them to dick Service, it was believed they would have now blufhed to have remembred it, fince as difcerning-men were not at that time in any degree fatisfied of their innocence : fo all men by the demeanour of thofe Members afterwards, have concluded that the King had very good reafon, then, to accufe them, though it may be the a<5t was not fo happily deliberated on, as to.forefee thofe accidents, which might difrurb the progrelTe of it. Before any thing be faid of the matter it felf, how far the King was from doing what was not right, it will not be amide to look back, how far they then imputed this act to the King, which is now Co principall a part of the Charge againft Him : After His Majefty had excepted againft fome expreflions ufed by them of His comming to the Houfe of Commons, as if He had intended vio- lence ; in their Petition prefented to Him at Tibal/s, i . of Ex.CoI.p.95. CM arch ', 1641. they befought His Majefty to believe, that the dangerous and defter ate defigne upon the Houfe y was not infertedwith any intention to cafi the leaft aftcrtion upon His CMajefty, but therein they reflected upon the ma- Itgnant party, &c. fo that it feems the Houfes then were not of the fame opinion thefe men are now of. For the matter it felf, That any CMembers of either Houfe may be profecutedin the fame manner, as if they were not Members, in the cafe of 1 reafon, or Felony, is fo known a truth, that no man ( who pretends to know the Laws of the Kingdome, or Presidents of Parliament) ever thought ihe contrary, or heard the contrary faid, till fince the cafe of thefe Members ; and the fame hath been alwaies ac- knowledged in all Parliaments, and may be faid to be ac- . knowledged by this, fince the Lord chief JudkcCoke^^^ " Iu! fees f*4) fcts it down as a maxiyie in his Chapter of the High Court of Parliament, which was printed by the efpeciall Order of the Houfe of Commons, Cmcc this Parliament be- gan. That the King had reafon to accufe thefe Members of high Treafon, can be as little doubted, fince He could Ex.CoI.p.534, make particular proof againfi them of a folcmn Combina- & * a ' tion entred into by them for altering the Government of the ' Church and State ^ of their foliating and drawing down the Tumults to Weftminfter -, and of their bidding the people in the height of their rage and fury to go to White-hall ; of their fcorn full and odiom mention of His Majefiies P erf on - and their defigne of getting the Prince into their hands • and of the 1 r Treating with Forain power to of if them, if they Jhouldfaile in their enterprises j And why the Kings At- tourny upon thefe reafons might not as lawfully accufe thofe iJMembers of high Treafon, as the Attoumy Generallin the fir (I year of this King's Reigne, did accufe the Earle ofBii- ftoll upon a Charge more generally who was thereupon com- mitted to the Tower ; And why His Majefiy might not as well have expected, that upon his Articles (not Jo generalL as a meer verball accufation) of high Treafon, either Houfe would have Committed their fever all CMembers t as they had done fo many this Parliament j and about that time, twelve Bijhops together (upon a confeffed ground, which every man there, who knew what Treafon was knew that fact to be none) meerly, becaufe they were accufed, His Ma- jefiy (upon occafion of mentioning this parage) fates, He could neither then, nor yet can understand. This being the cafe, there remains nothing but His Ma- jefties own going to the Houfe of Commons, for which, hear His own words in His Anfwer to the Declaration of the 19. of May, where that matter was loudly laid to His His charge : When We refolved, that it was fit for Our own Ex.C0Lp.14j. fafety and honour ^ and the peace of the Kingdom, to proceed againft thofe perfons, though We well know there was no de- gree of priviledge in that cafe, yet ( to fljew Our defire of correjpondence with the two Houfes of Parliament) We chofe rather then to apprehend thofe perfons by the ordinary Mi- niflers offaftice (which according to the opinion and pra- ctice of former times We might have done) to command Our Attourny generall to acquaint Our Houfe of Peers with Our intention , and the generall matters of Our Charge (which was yet more particular then a meer Accufation) and to proceed accordingly -, and at the fame timefent a fworn Servant , a Sergeant at Armes to Our Houfe of Com- mons to acquaint them, that We didaccufe, and intended to frofecute the five Members of that Houfe for high Treafon • and did require that their perfons might befecuredin cuflo- dy ; This We did, not only to Jhew that We intended, not to violate or invade their Priviledges, butuft more ceremony towards them, then We conceived, in juflice might be requi- red of Us^ and expected at leaftfnch an Anfwer^as might in- forme Us y if We were out of the way : But We received none at all, only in the infant, without offring any thing of their Priviledges to Our confederation, an Order was made , and the fame night publijhed in print ; That if any per (on what- foever Jhould offer to arrefi the per f on of any Member of that Houfe, without firft acquainting that Houfe therewith, and receivingfurther order of that Houfe , That it fhotddbe law- full for fetch Member s, or any perfon to afift them, and to fiand upon his or their guard of defence, and to make refi- ftance according to the ProtesJation taken to defend the Pri- viledges of Parliament ; and this was the firft time we heard the Proteftation might bewrefledto fetch a fence, or that in any cafe {though of the moft undoubted and unqueftion- K able (66) able privi ledge) it might be lawfutlfor anyperfon to refijt, and to ufe violence again ft a pubique Minffier of J-uftice y armed with lawfull authority : though we well know, that e venfuch a Mini ft er might be pun fied for executing fuch authority : Upon viewing this Order, we mufi confeffe We were jomewhat amazed, having neither feen nor heard of the like before, though We had known Members o c either Jfoufc Committed, without fo much formal ' ty, as We had ufed, and upon crimes of a far infer 1 our nature to thofe We had fugge fled j And having no courfe prop of ed to Us for Our proceeding, We were upon the matter onely told that a- gainfi thofe per fons, We were not to proceed at all, that they were above Our reach of the Law : It was not eafte for Us to refolve what to doe ; // We imployed Our Mimfiers of fa- flice in the ufu all way for their apprehenfion { who w thout doubt would not have ref ufed to have executed Our lawfull Commands ) Wefdw what refinance and oppofitten was like to be made, which very probable might cofifome bloud • if We fate fill, an dde fifed upon this terronr, We Jhould at the befl have confeffed Our owne want of Power, and the weak- nefofthe Law , in this ftrait We put on afudden refolution y to try, whether Our own pre fence and clear dif cover j of Our intentions (which hapby might not have beenfo well under- food ) could remove thofe doubts, and prevent thofe incon- veniences which feemed to be threatned : And thereupon "We refolved to go w Our P erf on to Our Houje of Commons, which we dtfc over ed not till the minute of our going, when Wefent out, That Our Servants and fuch Gentlemen as were then in Our Court, fhould attend Us to Weftminftcr, but giving them exprefje command, that no accidents or provo- ( at i on jhould draw them to any fuch Aclion, as might imply a purpofe of force tnUs, and Our felf {requiring thofe of Our trairn net to come within the Vore ) went into the Houfe («7) of Commons, thebare doing of which, We did not conceive, would have been thought more a breach of friv Hedge , then if We had then gone to the Houfe of Peers , andfentfor them to come to Us, which is the ufmll cufiome. This was His Majefties Anfvver formerly to this Charge, which is therefore here inferted at large, as being fo full, that nothing need be added •, and it appeared by the Deposition of Barnard f^ijhly, and others taken by them, that the King gave His Traine expreife and pofi- tivc charge, that they jhould give no offence or ill word to any body, what provocation foever 'they met with; which Depositions were carefully fuppreffed, and concealed, whilft they made ufe of the teftimony of indigent and in- famous Fellows, to reproach His Majefty, from fome light and unadvifed difcourfe, which was pretended to be uttered by fome young Gentlemen, who had put them- felves into the Traine. To conclude, it is to be obferved, that though it were fo high a tranfgreflion in the King, ( againftwhom Trea- fon can onely be committed ) to prefer fuch a Charge a- gainft five Members of the Houfe of Commons, who were called together by His Writ, and accountable to Him for any breach of Duty, that it did abfolve them from their Allegiance, yet the preferring the like Charge fince aeainft Eleven Members by the Army, raifed and l ^n lcI f a * • «ii t i ^ • i i gainlt the maintained by them, and to which they were not ac- n Members. comptable for any thing they did, hath been held no crime 5 and it may be no ill exercife for thofe Gentle- men, who with fuch high contempt of that Soveraigne power, to which they owed their allegiance, took delight to dcdpiCc and refill His Majefties juft Authority, now in their affliction , reftraint , and banifhment to confider the hand of God upon them , which hath compelled K 2 them x Article a- gainft the 5 Members. z Article a- gainft the 5 Members. z Article a- gainft the »i Members. 4 Artic.againft 5 Members. 4 Artic.agiinft i i Members. (6S) them to fubmit to the mercenary power raifedby them- felves to fupprefTe their King ; That though they broke through the Kings Article, for endeavouring to fubverc the fundamental! Laws and Government orthis King- dome, and to deprive the King of His legall power, and to place on Subjects,an Arbitrary and tyrannicall power: yet they could not break through the Charge of the Ar- my for invading, infringing, or endeavouring to over- throw the Rights and Liberties of the Subjects of this Nation, in arbitrary, violent, and opprefling waies, and for endeavouring by indirect and corrupt pra&ifes to de- lay and obftruft Juftice, to the great damage and prc/u- dice of divers of the poor Commoners of England. Though they were too mighty to be touched upon the Kings accufation, of having endeavoured by many foule afperfions upon His Majefly, and His Government, to a- lienate the affevtions of His people, and to make His Ma- jefly odious to them * yet tncy were not able to bear the burthen of an Accufation of having endeavoured by falfe informations, mif-reprefentations, or fcandalous fugge- ftions againft the Army, to beget mif-underftandings, prejudices, or /ealoufies in the Parliament againft the Army, and to put infuffcrable injuries, abufes, and pro- vocations upon the Army, whereby to provoke and put the Army into dif-temper. Though they flighted the King's Charge of having trayteroufly invited and incouraged a forain power to invade His CMajefties Kingdome of England, yet they cannot throw offthe Charge from the Army, of having invited the Scots, and other forain Forces to come into this Kingdome in a hoftile manner, to abet and aflift them in the profecution and efTe&ing of their defignes. Laftly, they may with their eyes, hands, and hearts lift up m up to Heaven,rcmember how they contemned and defpi- 6 fc ^ ft fed the King, when he charged them, that they had en- 5 Members, deavoured ( as far as in them lay ) by force and terrour to compell the Parliament to /oyne with them in their tray- terous defignes, and to that end had actually raifed, and countenanced Tumults againft the King and Parlia- ment •, And now their owne Army whereof very many then affifted them in thofe Tumults to drive away the 5 Ank ^ a inft King, and the Members of both Houfes, accufes them of 1 1 Member?, having invited, incouraged, abetted, or countenanced divers Reformadoes and other Officers and Souldiers, tumultuouily and violently to gather together at We(i- minfier to affright and afiault the Members of Parlia- ment, in palling to and from the Houfe ; to offer violence to the Houfe it felf $ and by fuch violence, outrages, and threats, to awe and inforce the Parliament. As the Charge allowed, and countenanced now from their owne Army, is upon the matter the fame, which was with fo much noife and infolence rc/e&cd, when it was prefented from the King,and is now objected againft Him as a hainous crime, fo with reference to their Privi- ledges ( which, like the Logitians line^ is divifibilis infem- per divifibilia^ and ferves their turne, to inable them to askeany thing from the King they think fit to demand, and to refufe any thing to Him He requires from them ) the progreffc and proceedings thereupon, hath been very different •, in (lead of fufpending and difeountenancing them upon the King's accufation, they are brought in triumph with an Army to the Houfe •, the Army upon the bare exhibiting their general! Articles, require that the perfons impeached , may be forthwith fufpended from fitting in the Houfe, and will receive no denial!, it muft be confented to, for they will not indure, that the K 3 perfons (70) perfons impeached by them mall continue in power and , p capacity to obftrud: due proceedings againft themfelves $ pcrs of the Ar- and for their own efcape from juftice to threaten ruine to my»R-5*. the whole Nation, as by the Letter from the Army of the 2 1 .of fune, appears. The King was checked upon the matter of Privilcdge, and then imperiouily required to fend the evidence, which He had againft thofe He had accufed , to the Houfe, where they principally governed, and could eafily judge what was fecure for themfelves ; His Majefty defired, Ex.CoI.p.j6. that before His proofs were difcovered againft them, and left a new miftake jhould breed more delates , tt might be re- folved, whether His Majefty were bound in refpecJ ofPrivi- ledges to proceed againft them by impeachment in Parlia- ment^ or whether He were at liberty to prefer an Indictment againft them at Common Law, in the ufuallway y or had His choice • to which they would give no other Anfwer, then that they defired Him to give directions, that the Parlia- ment might be informed before Friday next, what proof there was again fi them, that accordingly they might be cal- led to a legall triall, it being the undoubted right andprivi- ledge ef Parliament, that no Member of Parliament can be proceeded againft without the confent of Parliament. The Army tells them plainly, by their Letter of the 25. of June, That they wtjh the name ofPriviledges, may not lie in balance with the Safety of a Kingdome^ and the reality of doing juftice • which (as they had [aid too often) they could not expect whiljl the perfons they had accufed y were the Kingdomes and their fudges . And in the Re< monftrance of the Army of the 23. of June, that no pri- vdedges ought to protect wicked men^ in doing wrong to particulars, or mifchiefto the publick ; and that whoever mojl adores or tenders thofe pnv Hedges, will be ft expreffe his (71) his [eale towards them, in taking care they be not abafed or extended to private wrong andptiblique mifehief, for they fay, they clearly find, and all wife men may fee it, that Par- liament privi Ledges as well as Royall prerogative, maybe ■perverted ejr abufed, to the deftruction of thofe greater ends, for whofe protection andprefervation they were admitted \or intended \vizO the Rights and Liberties of the people, and fafety of the whole •, and in cafe they befo, the abufe, evill, or danger of them, is no leffe to be contended again/}, and a remedy thereof no lejfe to be endeavoured, then of the other : And upon thefe grounds they conclude, that they (ball be Dcd. and v%- inforced to take fitch courfes extraordinary, as Godfhall en- F 1 s of 6 rhe Ar " able and direct them to, unlejje by Thurfday night next they receive affurance andfecurity to themf elves and the King- dome^ for a morefafe and hope full proceeding in an ordina- ry way, by having thofe things granted, which before they tnfifiedon. Thefe have been the proceedings of late in the point of accufing Members, and in the cafe of Priviledge, all which are fo far juftified by the Houfes, that the i^Army hath received publique thanks and approbation for all that they have done., and their accufations have been received, countenanced, and promoted, and their defires granted againftthc perfons they accufed, fothat as the King did nothing in the accufation of thofe Mcmbers,but what was juftifiable by the Law, and former Prefidents of Parlia- ment, fo whatfoever He did is fince juftified by the later Prefidents, which themfelves have confented to, and ap- proved j And fo we return to the place from whence this confederation carried us. There is a mention of the Lord Digbfs appearing in a War-like manner, and afterwards his going beyond the Seas, and from thence giving advice to the King to retire to to fome ftrong place, &c. which arc all To well known, have been fo often anfwered, and have fo little reference to the King, that time is not to be wafted to reply to them, rag. jo. 1 8. The next Charge is, the Commifions granted to the Earle tf/Newcaftle, and Colonel Legg, for attempting Newcaftle and Hull, which (, they fay ) occasioned them to provide for their fecurity 5 to which their intelligence of forain Fcrces from Denmark contributed ; and then they take great paines to make that jealoufie ofDenmarke rea- fonable, and fit to fink into them. The Commiflions granted by the King to the Earle of Netvcaflle^ and Colonel Legg^ were no other then by Law He might grant ; neither did He grant any fuch, be- fore He was affiired the leading Members in the Houfc of Commons had it in their purpofe to procure an Order for the feizing that Towne, and after they had caufed a power to be placed about the Terver of London both by land and water under the Command of their new Officer Skippon^ who was required not to fuffer any provisions to be brought in thither by what Authority or Warrant fo- ever. If there had been any expectation, or apprehenfion of forain Forces to be brought from Denmarke^ that could be no warrant for them to feize on //*//, without and a- gainft the King's leave, whofe peculiar /urifdi&ion and right it is, to provide againft forain Invafions 5 but as that difcourfe of Forces from Denmarke,was then looked upon as moft ridiculous by all men of fenfc,fo expenenc c hath fince made it apparent, that there was not the leaft colour for it : And the arrivallof that Vefiell with Am- munition and Armes (for there came no Commanders in her) near Hall, was near fix Months after the Houfes had (73) had put a Garrifon into Hull, and neer three Months after Six John Hotham had fhutthe Gates of it againft His Maje- fty ; and if it had not been for that rebellious A<5t, that Am- munition and Armes had not been fent. The Invafion of the King of Denmark's Dominions by the Swedes was above two years after the feizing of Hull, there- fore that could not be any interruption to that defigne, if it had been intended ; but that a frivolous report of a difcourfe between a Servant of the Lord Digbfs, ( that was never na- med ) with a Mariner, whom he had never feen before, to conduct a Fleet into England from Denmarke j or an inter- cepted Letter from the Hague to Secretary Nicholas y which is pretended to be written the 26 ofNovemb. after the Battle ox Edge-hill-, and in which is mention of Armes for ten thou- fand Foot, and for fifteen hundred Horfc fliould be thought of moment to^uftifie a rebellious jealoufie of the King's pur- pofe of countenancing an Invafion of His owne Kingdome, is below the folly and fottifhnefTe of any, to whom fatisfa- ftion ought to be applied. The imploying of Colonel Cockram to the King of Den- mark, was after the Rebellion was begun, and when the Earl ofEjfex was marching with his Army againft His Ma- jefty, and the principall inftruction given to him, was to preffe that King to aflift His Majefty, with Mony, Armes, and Ammunition, (the two Houfes having feized all which belonged to His Majefty ) and that the fame might be fent by fome Ships of that Crowne, becaufe all the King's owne were taken from Him, and lay in wait to intercept any Pro- vifion that fhould be fent to His Majefty ^ and it is no won- der if the King indevoured by His inftru&ions to His Agent, to make His Uncle of Denmarke as fenfible as he could of the injuries and indignities offered to His Majefty •, nor was that very claufe ( with which thefe wicked men fo infolently and rudely reproach Hte Majefty) without good grounds^'it- L being f74) being known that they ordinarily whifper'd many things then in their private Csballs, which they durft not publique- ]y avow • of which nature were their difcourfes of the Death of King fames, which they are now grown up to the wicked- nelfetopublifli, and the other which was mentioned in that inftruclion. They fay they repeat this rather, becaufe when they declared their intelligence, that Cockram was Jent into Denmarke to procure Forces thence, the King difavowed it, calling it a vile fcandall in His Anfwer to their Decl.of the 2 2 of Off ob. 16^2. Their charge upon the King in that Declaration of the 22 of Octob. was, That «9/>JohnHenderfon4/?*/ Colonel Cockram (men of ill report both for Religion and Honefty) were fent to Hanborough and Denmarke, as they were credibly informed,to raife Forces there,and to bring them to Newcaftle, and to joyne Ex. Co11 - with the Earle of Newcaftle, &c To this the King made *' 6?0 ' Anfwer, That He had never greater caufe to be confident of fe- curity in His owne Subjects, and therefore He could not believe fo vi lea fcandall could make any imprefiioninfober men : And it is known He did defire no other aide or fupply at that time from Denmarke, or from any of his Allies,but Mony, Armes, and Ammunition, but if He had not been confident in the fecurity of His owne Subje&s, He would have been juftly to be blamed, if He had not endeavoured to get any forain iuc- cours to prefervc Himfelf, His Crowne, and the Kingdome from being over-run and fubdued by the power and ftrength of His rebellious Subjects. In the fame inftruclions to Cockram, they fay, the King de- clared, that He then expected afislance from His neighbour Princes and Allyes, in particular the great eft part of the States Fleet from Holland : which if it were truly fet forth, needs no Anfwer, it being very reafonable that the King fhould have expected that all His neighbour Princes and Allyes mould have afliftcd Him againft fo odious and horrid a Rebellion , and (7?) and it may be many of them may live to find the incon- veniencie of not being fenfible of the aflault, which hath been made upon Soveraignty , efpecially, if in ftead of affifting the King, they have contributed toward the oppreffing the Regall power • but thefe men are fuch e- nemies to ingenuity,that in the very repeating, what hath beenfaid or done by the King, they will leave out any words that will make the knk otherwife underftood, then fits their purpofe, though any man that will take the pains to examine it, will quickly find the truth ; fo they who will perufe thefe inftru£lions (by what means foever they came by them) publifhed by themfelves,will find that the King mentioned the Holland Fleet only, as King s Cafei- allorved by the States to give Her CW.ajefty a Convoy into ne: >?-* u England^ which thefe men would have underftood, as lent to aflift the King againft His rebellious Subjects $ whereas it is too well known, that at that time the two Houfes found more refpeel: and affiftance from thofe States, then His Majefty did ; and what His Majefty then faid of His neighbour Princes and Allycs ( which they would perfwade the people to relate to fome prefent en- gagement from them to fend Forces to Him ) being only grounded upon His reafonable hope of the fenfe thofe Princes would have of the indignities offered to His Ma- jefty, His words being, He expects and hopes that all His neighbour Princes and Ally es, will not look uponfo dange- rous a Precedent to their ovene Crownes and Monarchies P without contributing to fupprejfe this fo pernicious adefigne begun in this Kingdome : God forgive thofe Princes who fuffered His Majefty to be deceived in fo juft and Prince- ly an expectation. • It is here likewife to be remembred, that the two Hou- fes had difpatched their Agent Strickland to the States of Ex - CoI -F-<^ 9 L 2 the [ffl the united Provinces, to invite them to their amity and affiftance, and to decline their League with His Majefty, before Colonel Cockram was Tent for Denmarke, their Declaration to thofe Provinces bearing date the 8 of Oc- ctober, which was before the time that Cockram went to- wards Denmarke. Pag.jj. 19. The Queens going into Holland, is next obje&ed to the King) and that contrary to His truft Hefent the an- cient jewels oftheCrowne 0/ England, to he fawned or fold for Ammunition and Armes y of which, they fay, they had certain knowledge before they took up Armes • and that they had not fo much as once asked the UHilitia^ till the Queen was going for Holland ^ and that Her going key end Sea was flayed, many Months before Her going into Hol- land, by their motions to the King, becauje (amongft other, reafons) they had heard, that She had packed up the Crownt jewels, by which they might fee what was then intended by that Iourney, had not they prevented it till the Winter. They are very unwilling to agree upon the time when they fir (I took up t^Armes, and would have their foiling upon the Kings Forts foffeftmg themfelves of the Muitia, oftheKingdome, of the RoyallNavy, to bethought only an exercife of their Soveraigne power, and no taking up of Armes ; but though they could perfwade the world that their countenancing and bringing downe the Tu- mults, by which they firft drove away many Members from the Houfes,and then the King Himfelf from White* ball, was not taking up Armes, becaufe there was no a- vowed A& of both Houfes to bring downe thofe Tu- mults, yet fure they cannot deny their marching out of the City with all the Trained bands of London in a hoftile manner to Weftminfter, where both Houfes gave the chief Officers thanks, approved what they had done, under- (77) undertook to fave them harmleffe, and appointed a new Officer of their own to Command thofe Traine bands, which was on the u of lanuary, 1641. t# be taking up Amies. When they appointed the next day their own new Of- ficer Skippon to befiege the Tower of London, with the City Forces, by land and water, and not fuifer any pro- vision to be carried thither, when the King's Lieutenant was in it, and declared, that whofoeverjhould trouble him forfo doings was an Enemy to the Common-wealthy which was accordingly executed by him ; they muft confeffe undoubtedly that they took up Armes •, and both thefe high actions(which by the expreflTe Statute of the 2 5 year of King Edw. 3. are High Treafon ) were before any one Jewell belonging to the Crowne or the King, was carried out of the Kingdome. For the time of asking the Militia^ though no circum- ftance of time could make it juftifiable ( not to fpeak of the Bill preferred to that purpofe malty Months before ) the Houfe of Commons by their Petition of the 25 of January after the Houfc of Peers had refufed to concur with them in fo dif-loyall a fuit, de fired His Majefiy to put the Tower of London and the princivall Forts oft he King- dome and the whole Militia, inufuch hands as they thought fti, and the gueen went not into Holland till the 23 of February^ neither was her journy refolved on till the be- ginning of that Month •, fo that their affertion ofnot ha- ving fo much as asked the Militia till the Queen was go- ing into Holland is utterly untrue, and when they were made acquainted of fuch Her Ma/efties purpofe, they never in the leaft degree duTwadcd it. But what was the Queens going into Holland^ and the Kings fending with Her the Iewels of the Crown,to their L 3 taking (7«) taking Armes * The Sljiecn might very well go to any place the King thought fit She mould go,&the Princefs Mary ( being t>erfaaded,tbat His Majejly hadnofuch intention : where- upon feven and thirty Peers, who then attended His Ma- jefty ( being double the number that at that time or fince remained in the Houfc of Peers at Weflminfter) unani- moufly declared under their hands ( which was pub- lished to the Kingdome ) that they faw not any colour of preparations or counftls, that might reafonably beget the be- lief of any fuch defigne, and did prof effe before God and tt- ftifie to all the world, That they were fully perfwaded that His Majefty had no fuch inHMion, but that all His endea- vours did tend to the firm and conjlantfetlement of the true P ret eft ant Religion, thejuft Priviledges $f Parliament, the Liberty of the Subject ^ the Law, Peace, and projferity of the fltf) the Kingdoms * notwithftanding which clear evidence, they made what hafte they could to raife an Army, and to engage the people againft their Soveraigne Lord the King. That His Majefty intended not by that profeffion on His part, nor the Lords thought themfelves obliged on their parts, to give any countenance to, or not torefift the Orders, which then ifTucd out every day, from thofe at WeftminHer^ who called themfelves the two Houfes y needs no other evidence, then His Majefties Declaration published two daies before (13 of June) in which a- mongft other particulars, He declared to the Peers, That Ex.C0Lp.g49. He would not (as was falfty pretended) engage them^or any of them in any War againft the Parliament^ except it were for His owne neceffary defence and fafety againft fuch as fhould infolently invade or attempt againft His Majcfly, or fuch as Jhould adhere to Him: And that very day, the very fame Peers ( whereof the Earl of Salisbury was one ) engaged themfelves to the King under their hands, That they would defend His Majefties Perfon^ Crowne and Dig- nity^ together with His Majesties juft and legal! Preroga- tive^ againft all perfons and power whatfoevcr^ and that they would not obey any rule, Order \or Ordinance whatfo- ever concerning any Militia^ that had not the Roy all aft- fent. The firft Commifion of Array hTued out fome daies be- fore this Profeflion and Proteftation made by His Ma- jefty, and therefore cannot be (aid to be againft it ; and above three Months after the pafling the illegall and extravagant Ordinance for the Militia^ and after that Or- dinance was executed in many parts of the Kingdome, notwithftanding His Majefties Proclamation of the ille- gality and treafon of it, when He had defired them to M 2 produce (84) f reduce or mention one Ordinance from the firft beginning of Parliaments to this very Parliament , which endeavoured to impofe Any thing upon the Subject , without the Kings cQtifcnt : of which to this day they never gave or can give one inflance. The Commiflion it felf of Array, is accor- ding to Law, and fo held to be at this time by moft lear- ned Lawyers, and was fo declared to be by Mr. Juftice Button in his Argument in the Exchequer Chamber, in the cafe oiMr.Hambden. The Letter which they fay they can produce under His Ma/cfties owne hand to Sir John Heydon Lieutenant of the Ordnance, of the 20 of fune, 1642. is noway con- trary to His Majefties proferfions,& fuch as His Ma/efty in that ill time was neceffarily to write, being to a fwom Officer and Servant of His owne, to fend fuch of His own Goods to Him as were in His cuftody, and which His Majefty fo reafonably might have occasion to ufe 5 and if He wiihed it might be done privately, it is only an inftance of the wickednes of that time that the King was forced to ufe art and privacy to get what belonged to Him, left He might be robbed by thofe, who nine daies Ex.C0Lp.342. before the date of this Letter had published Orders to intercept what foever was going to Him. His Majefty required not any fubfeription for Plate, Horfes, or Armes, till many daies after they had publi- shed their Propofltions to that purpofe,& received great fums of mony, and vaft quantities of plate upon thofe Propofitions,againft which His Majefty writ His Prince- ly Letter to the City of London on the 14 of June^ and two daies after published a Declaration with the testimo- ny and evidence of all the Peers with Him, in which He Ex. Col faid, That ifnotwithjlanding, fo clear declaration and e- vidence of His intentions ? thefe menfhould think fit by thofe Alarums (85) Alarums to awaken Him to a more nece([ary care of the de* fence of Himfelf and His people, and ftould themfelves in fo unheard-of a manner provide ( and f educe others to dofo too ) to o fend His Majefiy, having given Himfo lively te- fiimony of their affections, what they were willing to do, when theyjhould once make themfelves able •, all His good Subjects would think it necejfary for His Majefiy to look to Himfelf -, and He did then excite all His wel-affecled people, according to their Oaths of Allegiance & Supremacy, & ac- cording to their folemn Vow and Protefiation (whereby they were obliged to defend His P erf on, Honour, and Eft ate) to contribute their bell afi fiance to the preparations necejfa- ry for the oppofing and fupprefing of the trayterous at- tempts, ejrc ) And then He would take it as an acceptable Service, if any per f on uponfo urgent andvifible a neceftty of His Majefiy, and fuch an apparent diftraffion ef the Kingdome, would bring in to Him, or to His ufe, Mony or Plate, or would furnijh Horfe or Armes, ejrc This was the time, and the manner of His Majefties requiring fubferi- ption, for Plate, Horfe, and Armes, which tliefe men impute to Him. They fay the King raifed a Guard of Horfe, and Foot about Him; and by them did not only abufe their Com- mittees fent to Him, beat their publique officers and Mef- fengers, protect notorious Papifis, Tray tors or Felons, fuch as Beck with and others, from the PofTe Comitatus, but alfo with thoCe guards, Cannon ejr Arm's from beyond Sea, did attempt to force Hull, in an hoftile manner, and that within few daies after that folemn Protefiation at Yorke : All which fuggeftions muft be particularly examined : The raiding the King's Guard was on this occafion, and in this manner : The King refiding with His Court at the City ofTorke, M 3 and tmd being prefTed by both Houfcs of Parliament to con- tent, that His Magazine at Hull might be removed from thence ( for the better fupplies of the neceflities for Ire- . land) to the Tower of London^ which for many reafons He thought not convenient, His Majefty refolved to go _ ~ , Himfelf in Perfon to His Town of Hull to view His Arms ' and Munition there, that thereupon He might give dire- ctions what part thereof might be neceiTary to remaine there, for the fecurity and fatisfa&ion of the Northerne parts ( the principall perfons thereof having petitioned Him, that it might not be all removed ) and what part might be (pared for Ireland, what for the arming the Scots , who were to go thither, and what to replenifli His chiefeft Magazine the Tower of London ; and going thi- ther on the 23 day of April, 1642. He found all the Gates fhut againft Him, and the Bridges drawn up, by the command of Sir fohn Hotham, who flatly denied His Ma/efties entrance from the Walls, which were ftrongly manned, and the Cannon mounted thereon and planted againft the King ; His Majefty having in vaine endeavoured to perfwade Sir f ohn Hotham^ and offered to go in with twenty Horfe, becaufe he alleaged His re- tinue was too great, was at laft compelled to returne to Torke 7 after He had proclaimed Hot ham Tray tor, which by all the knowne Lawes, he was declared in that cafe to be. The next day the King fent a Metfage to the Houfes to require /uftice upon Sir tfohn Hetham: to which they re- turned no Anfwer, till above a fortnight after •, in the mean time they fent down fome of the choice Members to Hull to give Sir Iohn Hotham thanks for what he had done 5 and to alTure him that they would jufiife him in it j and others into Lincoln-jhire, with directions to their De- puty rs 7 ; puty Lieutenants and all other Officers, to aflift him if he were in any diftreflfe ; and then they Tent fome other Members as their Committee to Yorke, with their An- fwer to the King, in which they told Him, That Sir John Es Col.p.179. Hot ham could not di [charge the trufi upon which, nor make good the end for which he was placed in the Guard of that Torvne and Magazine ', if he had let in His Majefiy with fuch Counfe Hours and company, as were then about Him • and therefore upon full refolution of both Houfes they had declared Sir John Hotham to be clear from that odious crime of Treafon 3 and had avowed^ that he had done no- thingthereinjbut in obedience to the commands of both Hou- fes : whereas in truth, though they had prefumed againft law and right to fend him thither, and conft itute him Governour for a time, of that place, there was no word in his Commiflion, or inftructions implying the leaft di- rection, not to fuffer His Majcfty to come thither •, but on the contrary, the pretence was for His Majefties efpe- ciall fervice. His Majefty made a quick reply to this ftrange An- fwer, and delivering it to their Committee wifhed them to return with it to the Houfes, which they refufed, tel- ling Him, That they were appointed by the Parliament to refide at Yorke^ but they would fend His Anfwer to Weslminjler, It would be too long in this place, and might be thought impertinent to confider, whether this cuftome of fending Committees to be Lieger in the Counties, which began at this time, be agreeable to law, and the juft regular power of the Houfes ; for as the like will not be found in the Presidents of former Parliaments, fo it may be reafonably believed, that, that Councell, which is called by the Kings Writ to aJTemble at Wefminjler^ caa (88) can no more appoint fome of their Members to reflde at Torke, or in any other place>then they can adjourn them- felves thither •, and it icems againft right, that thofe De- puties which are fent by the Counties or Cities to be pre- fent on their behalfs in the Houfe of Commons at Weft- minfter, may be fent to another place, by which they whom they reprefent are without any Members there. Upon this Anfwer of the Committee, as uncxpe&ed, as the other from the Houfes ; and the other a&s done in this conjuncture, as the fending another Committee to Hull, another into Lincolnshire , all to perfwade the people to approve of what Sir John Hotbam had done, and to afiift him if there were any occafion ; the King began very juftly to apprehend a defigne upon His ownc Perfon, and then and not till then, refolved, and declared His refolution to have a Guard to fecure His Ex.CoLp.atfi. Pcrfon, that Sir John Hotbam might not { as His Majefty faid ) by the fame forces^ or more, raifed by pretence of the fame authority ( for he raifed fome daily ) continue the War^ that he had leavied againft Him^ and as xvelLimtri- fon His ? erf on as detain His goods ^and as well (hut His Ma- defy up in Yorke, as jhut Htm out tf/HulI. This Guard was hereupon raifed, with the advice of the principall Gentlemen of that County, and confifted of one Regiment of their Traine bands, commanded by the proper Colonel, who was one of the prime Gentle- men of fortune and reputation there 5 and one Troup of Horfe, which had the honour of being called the Prince of Wales his Troupe commanded by the Earle of Cum- berland, and confiding of near one hundred, moft if not all of them, of the Gentry of that Shire •, and that the rumour,fcandall,and imputation of entertaining Papifts, might be clearly anfwered • there was neither Officer or Souldier (fe) Souldier of the Regiment or Troup, who did not take the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy, and they were punctually payed by the King, that there might be no complaint on any fide. This was the Guard, the occafion, and manner of lea- vying it, full five Months after the two Houfes againft Law or Prefident, and without the leaft probable colour of danger had raifed a greater Guard for themfelves, un- der the command of their new Officer Skippon^hcr they had befieged the Tower, and compelled the King to commit the government of it to a man of their own no- mination, and election ; after they had put a Governour and Garrifon into Hull, and that Governour and Garri- fon kept His Majefty out of the Towne 5 after they had in defiance of His Majefty and againft His expreffe plea- fure fignified to them, put His Royall Navy into the hands,and under the command of the Earle of 'Warwick • after they had in many Counties executed the Ordi- nance of the Militia ; and after they had brought the danger to His Chamber dore, by their Orders to the very Sheriffe of ' Vorke-jhire to aflift Sir febn Hotham^ and imploying their Committee there to the fame pur- pofe. For abufing the Committees fent to His Majefty, they mould ( and no doubt if it had been in their power they would ) have mentioned one particular abufe offered to them ^ it is very well known that they had all freedome and refpect, albeit His Majefty well knew the ill and fe- ditious offices they did there-, and though they appea- red publickly at all meetings, and when His Majefty propofed any thing to the County, they produced their inftru&ions, and diffwaded the County from comply- ing with His juft defires 5 the fuffering and induring N whereof (90) whereof might more reafonably be imputed to the King, then any ill ufage they received • of which their owne Letters printed by Order, will be fufficient teftimony 5 Ex.Col.p.i8j.and when the King went from Torke, towards Nottin- gham^ after He had declared by His Proclamation, that He would erecl: His Royall Standard •, the Lord Fairfax { being one of that Committee) by fome accident of fick- ne(Te continuing (till at his houfe in that County •, albeit the King well knew the dif-fervice he had done Him, and that the keeping him in priion might prevent much more, that he was like to do Him, yet fince He had re- ceived him there as a Member imployed from the Par- liament, and that his returne thither was hindred by an indifpofition of health, he would not fuflfer him to be ap- prehended, but left him un-difquieted, ordifturbed, to recollect himfelf, and to revolve His Majefties good- neffe: So far was that Committee, or any Member of it from being abufed, whatfoever they deferved. The next inftance of the King's breach of His Prote- ftation, or doing fomewhat againft it, isjhe beating their publique officers and Meffengers, and protecting notorious Pappy Traytors, Felons , fuch as Beckwith and others from the Pojje Comitates ; fince there is no other named, k may be fuppoled, that this is the only, or moil: noto- rious example of that protection, and therefore it will be fit to examine, what the Cafe of this man was : This Gentleman Mr.Beckwith ( whether a Papift or no is not materiall ) lived in Beverly , whither His Majefty came that night, after Sir $ohn Hetham had refufed to fuflfer Him to come into Hull^ and was utterly unknown to His Majefty, but had the /uft fenfean honeft Sub;e& fhould have of the indignity offered to his Soveraigne, and the mifchicfe that might befall that County and Kingdome (pi) Kingdome by this rebellious acl:, and was forward to efc- prefle (as moil of the Gentlemen of that County were ) a defire to repaire His Ma/cfty,and to prevent the incon- veniences which were otherwife like to follow. He had in the Towne of Hull a. Son-in-law,one Fookes, who was a Lieutenant of a Foot Company in that Gar- rifon, whom he fuppofed { being only drawn in with the Traine bands ) not malitioufly engaged in the purpofe of Treafon, and therefore as well to preferve a man, who was fo near to him, innocent, as for other refpe&s to his King and Country, he fent for him to come to him to hishoufe, which the other (there being then no inter- courfe hindred on either fide) did^ and upon difcourfe fully fenfible of the unlawfulneffe of the acl, which had been done, and willing to doe any thing for the King's fervice^ declared, That the Thurfday night following he fhould have the Guard at the North Gate, and that if an Alarum were given at another Gate, called Hejfeli- Gate, he would let thofe in who came from the King ; Mr. Beckrvitb pcomifed if he would perform this, he fhould have a very good reward, and that if he could convert his Captain one Lotvanger(jiD\\tch-mm)tojoyn with him, he mould likewife be very liberally rewarded. This is all that was alleaged againft Mx.Beckwith, as ap- pears by Sir $ohn Hothams Letter of the whole informa- tion to Mr. P/w, entred in the Journall booke of the Houfe of Commons, and printed by their Order. Fookes ( as foon as he returned to Hull ) difcovered all to Sir lohn Hotham, and he derived it to the Houfe of Commons, as is faid, and they upon this evidence fent their Sergeant at Armes, or his MefTenger to apprehend Beckwitb as a Delinquent, who upon notice of the trea- N 2 chery (92) chery at his Son-in-law, durft not flay ar his houfe, but removed ro Torke, The Meffcnger, with the confidence of his Matters, boldly came thither, and finding the Gentleman in the Court, and in the Garden where the King himfelf was walking, had the prefumption to ferve the Warrant up- on him,and to claim him as his Prifoner ; it was indeed a great wonder that the Meffcnger was not very feverely handled, but the reverence to the King's Perfon prefer- red him, who bore no reverence to it ; and His Majetty being informed what had hapned, called for the Fellow, and having (ccn his Warrant, bid him return to thofe that fent him, and forbear committing the like infolen- cy, left he fared worfe 5 this was the beating their Mef- fenger, and this the protection Mr. Becktvith had •, nor was there ever any Poffe Comitate raifed, the High She- riflfe daily waiting on His Majefty , and obferving the Orders he received from Him, according to the duty of his office. Whatever this offence had been, it was never knowne ( before this Parliament ) that the MefTenger of either Houfe ever prefumed to ferve a warrant within the King's Court, much leffe in his Prefence ; which whilft loyalty and duty were in reputation,was held too facred for fuch prefumptions ; the Law confefling fuch priviledges and Vycrfo,6o. b. exemptions to be due to thofe places, That the Lord can- pii}. net feiT^e his ViRaine in the Kings prefence^ because the pre fence of the King is a JancJuary unto him , faies my Lord Dyer. For the matter it felf, fure there is no man yet that will avow himfelf to be fo much out of his wits, as to fay, that the King mould have fuffered Mr. Beckwith to be carried (93) carried to Weftminfier, as a Delinquent for doing the part of a good Subject ; and to be tried by thofe, who owned the Treafon that was committed, nor can there be one perfon named, whom they fent for as a Delinr quent, and the King protected ^ except thofe who had . been a yeare together attending upon them and deman- ding juftice-, or thofe againft whom nothing was ob/e- &ed, but that they waited on and attended his Majefty : For the Tray tors and Felons,they were only to be found within their owne verge ; and protected by their owne priviledges. Very few lines will ferve here, to take notice of the dif- ference between the King's ufage of their Meffengers, and their ufage of the King's ; their MefTenger fent by them on an unlawfull imployment, to apprehend a per- fon they had no power to fend for, and for a crime of which (if he had been guilty) they had no cognifance, and executing their commands in an unlawfull manner, and in a place , where he ought not to have done ir, though the command had been j'uft, was by the King fairly difmiffed without fo much as imprisonment or re- ftraint : The Kings MefTenger fent by his Majefty with a panidiQik^ legall Writ to London , for the adjournment of the ton. Tearme, which is abfolutely in the King's power to do, and can be regularly done no other way, for performing his duty in this Service, according to his Oath, and for not doing whereof he had been puniihable, and juftly forfeited his place without any other crime objected to him, was taken, imprifoned, tried at a Court of War, by them condemned to-be banged, and was executed according- ly .' That bloud will cry aloud. But they fay, with thofe Guards, Cannon, and Armes^ from beyond Sea y the Kin g attempted 'to force Hull in a ho- N 3 fide file wanner, and that within few daies after that folemne Proteftation at Yorke. What the Proteftation was, is before fet downe, and his Majefties publimed refolution in this point, before that Proteftation ; nor did his Ma/efty ever conceal his purpofe in this or other cafes of that nature, or difguifed his purpofe with any fpecious promifes or pretences, but plainly told them, and the world, what they were to ex- pert his hands. To their expoftulatory and menacing Petition delive- red to his Ma/efty at his firft comming to Torke, on the 26 of CMarch, the King in his Anfwer ufed thefe words, Ex.Col.p. 128. j[ s we have not, norjhallrefufe any way agreeable to jufiict or honour, which Jhatt be offered tolls for the begetting a right under fandtng between Us, fo We are refolved, that no ft raits or necefities ( to which We may be driven) fhall ever compell Us to doe that, which the reafon and under- standing that God hath given Us, and Our honour and in- ter eft, with which God hath truftedUs for the good of Our Pofterityand Kingdomes frail render unpleafant and grie- vous to Us, In this (ccond Meffage concerning Hnll,xht fecond day after the Gates were fhut againft him, his Ma/efty ufes Ex.Col.p. 1 $6. thefe words, If We are brought into a condition jo much worfe then any of Our Subjects, that whilflyouall enjoy your privi ledges, and may not have your pojjef ions difturbed, or your titles questioned, We only may be foiled, thrown out of Our Townes, and Our goods taken from Us, 'tis time to exa- mine hew We have loft thofeprivi ledges, and to trie allpof- ftble waies, by the help of God, the Law of the Land, and the affeclion of our good Subjects to recover them, and vin- dicate Our felf from thofe injuries. In his reply to their Anfwer concerning Sir Iohn Ho- tham* (05) tkam, prefented to him on the 9 of May y his Majefty told them, that He expected that they would not put the Militia. ExCoLp.i^s. in execution, untillthey could flew Htm by what Law they had authority to do the fame without His confent • or if they did, He was confident, that He fhould find much more obe- dience according to Law, then they again ft Law. Laftly, in his Anfwer to a Declaration of the 2 1 of June, 1642. ( about a fortnight before his going towards Hull with his Guards ) his Majefty told them plainly, That the keeping Him out ofRuM by S r John Hotham,n^ Ex.C0ip.380. an act of High Treafon againft him,and the taking away his MAga^tne and Munition from him, was an act of violence up on him (by what hands, or by whofe directions foever it was done) and in both cafes by the he If of God and the Law he would have juftice, or lofe his life in the requiring it • fo that certainly the King never concealed or diflembled his purpofes, and accordingly he did indeed toward the middle of Iuly, go with his Guards to Beverly, having fome reafon to believe, that Sir John Hotham had repen- ted himfelf of the crime he had committed, and would have repaired it as far as he had been able, of which fai- ling ( to his own miferable deftru&ion ) without attem- pting to force it his Majefty again returned to Torke . Having made it now plainly appear how falfly and groundlefly his Ma/efty is reproached with the leaft ter- giverfation or fwarving from his promifes or profcflions {, which no Prince ever more precifely and religioufly obferved ) it will be but a little expence of time, again to examine how pun&uall thefe confcientious reprehenders of their Soveraigne,have been in the obfervation of what they have fworn or faid . In the firft Remonftrancc of the Houfe of Commons^ of the State of the Kingdome they declare, that it is far Ex.Coi.p.i?. from (96) ■from their purpofe or defire to let loofe the golden reines of difcipline and government in the Churchy to have private perjons, or particular Congregations to take up what forme of divine Service theypleafe • for ( they faid "> they held it requifite that there fhould be throughout the whole Realme, a conformity to that Order which the Laws enjoy ne. In their Declaration of the 19 of May, fpeaking of the Ex.Co!. r .joj. Bill for the continuance of this Parliament, they fay, We are refolved, the gratio us favour His Majefty exprejjed in that Billy and the advantage and fecurity which thereby we have from being dijfolved, pall not encourage us to do any thing, which otherwife had not been ft to have been done. In the conclusion of their Declaration of the 26 of May, 1542. apprehending very juftly that their expreflions there would beget at leaft a great fufpition of their loy- Ex.CoI.p 8 i8i. alty, they fay, They doubt not but it pall in the end appear to all the world, that their endeavours have been moft hear- ty and fine ere, for the maintenance of the true P rot eft am Re- ligion, the Kings juft Prerogatives, the Lawes and Liberties of the Land, and the Priviledges of Parliament, m which endeavours by the grace of God, they would ft ill per ft ft, though they fhould peri fh in the worke. In their Declaration of the 14 o[lune,i6^2. the Lords Ex-Col.p.37^. an d Commons doe declare, That the defigne ofthofe Pro- pofitions ( for Plate and Money ) is to maintain the Prote- ctant Religion, the Kings Authority and Perfon in His Roy- all dignity , the free courfe ofluftice, the Laws of the Land, the Peace of the Kingdome , and Priviledges of Parlia- ment. As they have obferved thefe and other their profeffi- ons to the King and the Publique, fo they have as well kept their promifes to the people ; in their Proportions or the 10 of lune, 1642. for bringing in Mony or Plate, the (97) the Lords and Commons do declare. That no mans affe* Ex.Col.p.j^ ftton pall be meafured according to the proportion of his offer, fo that he expreffe his goodwill to the Service in any proportion whatsoever ; the firft defigne was to involve as many as they could in the guilt, how fmall foever the fupply was, but on the 29 of November following, the fame Lords and Commons appointed Six perfons, who, Ex Col 6 or any Four of them fhotdd have power to affeffe all fuch perfons as were of ability and had not contributed, and all fuch a* had contributed yet not according to their ability to pay fuch fummc or fums ofmony, according to their eftates, as the AJJeffors or any Four of themfiould think ft and rea- fonable, fo as the fame exceeded not the twentieth part of their E fates. Infinite examples of this kind may be produced,which are the leflfe neceflary, becaufe whofoever will take the pains, to read their own Declarations, and Ordinances, Jhall not be able to find, one pr deflation or prof ef ion mads by them to God Almighty in the matter of Religion , or to the King in point of duty and obedience, or one promife to the people in matter of Liberty, Law, and Iufiice, fo neer purfuedby them, as that they have ever done one compofed Aft in Order to the performance of either of them : which very true aflertion inall conclude this Anfwer to that re- proach of his Majefties, not having made good his Pro- reflations. 21. The next Charge is, That His Maje fly proclaimed Pag. 3 f, them Traytors and Rebels, fetting up His Standard againfi the Parliament, which never any King ^England (they fay ) did before Himfelf. His Majefty never did nor could proclaime this Parlia- ment Traytors, he well knew (befides his own being the head of it ) that four parts of five of the Houfe of Peers O were (98) w?;'e never pre fnt at any of thofe trayterous conclusions, ; nd that above a major part of the Houfe of Commons was ahvaie s abfent, and that of thofe who were prefcnt, there were many, who (till oppofed or diffented from every unlawfull acl - , and therefore it were very ftrange, if all thofe innocent men of whom the Parliament conii- ftedas well as of the reft, mould have been proclaimed Rebels and Traytors for the acts ofafewfeditioiis pcr- fons, who were upon all occafions named j and if the Parliament were ever proclaimed Traytors, it was by them only who preiumptuoully fheltred their rebellious ad:s, under that venerable name, and who declared, that Ex. Col .p. 3 7 6. whatsoever violence fieuld be ufcd either againfi thofe, who exercife the Militia, or againfi Hull, they could not hut be- lieve it as done againfi the Parliament. They mould have named one perfon proclaimed Rebell or Traytor-by the King, who is not adjudged to be fuch by the Law. The King never proclaimed Sir Iohn Hot ham Tray tor ( though it may be he was guilty of many treafonable a&s before A till he (hut the Gates of //«//againft him,and with armed men kept his Majefty from thence , and be- fides the concurrent teftimony of all Judgments at Law, it appears and is determined by the Lord Chief Jufticc Coke ( published by the Houfe of Commons this Parlia- ment ) in his Chapter of High Trealbn, That if any with firength and weapons invafive and defenfive doth hold and defend a Caflle or Fort againfi the King and Bis power , this is leavying of War againfi the King within the Statute of the 25 year ofEdw.$. The King proclaimed not thofe Rebels or Traytors, who Voted, That they would raife an Army, and that the Earl of E flex fhould be Generall of that Army v what ever he might have done ) nor the Earle of M flex himfelf a (99) a Traytor upon thofe Votes, untill he had accepted that title and command ofCaptaine Generalised in that qua- lity appeared amongft the Souldiers, animating and en- couraging them in their trayterous and rebellious defigncs^ as appears by his Majefties Proclamation of the 9 of A it- guft^ 1642. by which he was firft proclaimed Traytor : and there was no other way to clear the Earle of EjJ'ex from being guilty of Treafon by that act of his, within theexprefle words of the 2 Chapter of the 25 yeare of King£^v. 3. but by declaring, that by leavying war a- gainft our Lord the King in his Realme (, which in that Sta- tute is declared to be high Treafon ) is meant leavying war againft the Parliament, and yet Mr. St. Iohn obferved in his Argument againft the Earle of Strafford, printed by Order, that the word K 1 n g in that Statute mutt be underftood of the King's naturall perfon, for that per- fon can onely die, have a Wife, have a Son, and be im- prifoned. The Lord chief Juftice Coke in his Commentary upon that Statute, faith, If any leavy War to exyulfe Strangers^ to deliver menoutofPrifons, to remove Cowfellours^ or againft any Statute, or to any other end, pretending Refor- mation^ of their ovon head, without any warranty this is lea- vying war againft the King^ becaufe they take upon them Royall authority jvhich is againft the King ; and that there 3 Part, infih. may be no fcruple, by that expreffion without warranty M 9- the fame Author faies, in the fame place, and but few lines preceding, that no Subject can leavy War within the Realm without authority from the King^ for to him it only belongeth. Preparation by fome overt aB to depofethe King, erto Id.fbl.ii, take the King^ by force and ftrong hand^ and to imprifon Him, untill he hath yeilded to certain demands, this is afuf- O 2 fiaent (1 oo) juient overt aft to prove the comparing and imagination of the death of the King, for this is upon the matter to make the King a Subject, and to disjpoyle Him of His King- ly Office of Roy all government , as is concluded by the fame reverend Authour, and likewife, that to rife to alter Religion eftablijhed within the Kingdome , or Lawes, is Treafon. Thefe Declarers cannot name one perfon proclaimed a Rebell or Traytor by the King, who was not confef- fedly guilty of at leaft one of thefe particulars:and being fo, the King did no more then by the Law He ought to Foi. 7. doe ; and Mr. St.fohns acknowledged in his Argument againft the Earle of Strafford, that he that leavies JVara- gainft the Perfon of the King, doth necejfarily compare His death • and likewife that it is a War againft the King y when intended for the alteration of the Lawes or Government in any fart of them, or to deftroy any of the great officers of the Kingdome. For the fetting up the Standard, it was not till thofe perfons, who bearing an inward hatred and malice a- gainft his Majefties Perfon and Government had raifed an Army, and were then trayteroufly and rebellioufly marching in battle-array againft his Majefty their Liege Lord and Sovcraigne, as appears by his Majefties Pro- clamation of the notAuguft, 1642. in which He de- clared His purpofe to erect His royali Standard ; and after they had with an Army befieged his Majefties an- ticnt ftanding Garrifon of Portfmouth, and required the fame (in which the King's Governour was ) to be deli- vered to the Parliament ; and after they had fent an Ar- my of Horfe, Foot, and Cannon, under the command of the Earle of Bedford into the Weft, to apprehend the Marquette of Hertford, who was there in a peaceable manner (lOl) manner without any Force, till he was compelled to raifc the fame for his defence, and to preferve the peace of thofe Counties, invaded by an Army 5 and then when his Majefty was compelled for thofe reafons to erect his Standard, with what tenderneffc He did it towards the two Houfes of Parliament, cannot better appear then by His owne words, in his Declaration published the fame day on which that Proclamation hTucd out, which are thefe, What Our op mi on and refolution is concerning Par- Ex.< oL;.$£i . I iaments We have fully expreffedin our Declarations • We have f aid, and will fli 11 fay, they arefo effentiall apart of the conflitution of this Kingdome, that Wecanattaine to no bappinejfe without them, nor will We ever make the leaH attempt (in Our thought) againfl them \ We well know that Our felfandOur two Houfes make up the Parliament, and that We are like Hipocrates Twins, We mujl laugh and cry, live and die together ; that no man can be a friend to the one, and an enemy to the other • the injujlice, injury, and violence offered to Parliaments is that which We prin- cipally complaine of; and We again affure all Our good Sub- jects, in the prefence of Almighty God, that all the Ac~ls^ fajfedby Us this Parliament fiall be equally obfervedby Us, as We de fire thofe to be which do mofl concern Our Rights -, Our quarrell is not againfl the Parliament, but againfl par- ticular men, who flrft made the wounds, and will not fujfer them to be healed, but make them deeper and wider by contri- ving, foflering, and fomenting mi flakes andjealoufies be- twixt body and head, Us and the two Houfes, whom We name, and are ready to prove them guilty of High Tret- [on, ejrc And then his Majefty names the perfons. This was the King's carriage towards,and mention of, the Parliament -, very different from theirs, who are now pofleffcd of the Soveraigne power-, the Army 5 who in O 1 their (lOl) their Remonftrance of the 23 of June Lift, ufe thefc words, We arc in this cafe forced (to our great grief of heart) thus plainly to afjert the prejent evill and mif chief together with the future worfe conferences of the things lately done >. even in the Parliament it felf, which are too evident and viftble to all, and fo in their proper colours to lay the fame at the Parliament Dores, untill the Parliament full he pleafed either of themfelves to take notice and rid the Houfeofthofe, who have any way mi f- informed, delu- ded, furpri\ed y or otherwife abufed the Parliament to the pafing fuch Joule things there, or fliall open to m and others fomeway, haw we may, eye. which would not have been mentioned here, if they had been onely the extravagant aft, and words of the Armyj but they are fince juftined, and made the words of the two Houfes by their decla- ring in their late Declaration of the 4 of CMarch, in An- iv.88. ^ wer to tne P a P ers of the Scots Commiflloners, That if there he any unfoundprinciples in relatton to Religion or the State in feme of the K^irmy, as in fuch a body there ufually arefome extravagant humours, they are very injurioujly charged upon the whole Army, whereof the governing part hath ,been very careful! to fappreffe, and keep down all fuch peccant humours, and have hitherto alwaies approved them- felves very confiant and faithful! to the true inter efl of both Kingdomes, and the caufe wherein they have engaged, and the perfons that have engaged therein , fo that this Re- monftrance, beingtheAclbofthcGenerall, Lieutenant- Generall, and the whole CouncellofWar, (which is fure the governing part ) k is by this Declaration fully vindicated to be the Senic of the two Houfes. rag.jf. 22. The fetting up a mock Parliament at Oxford to oppofe and proteft againft the Parliament of England, which his Majcfty and both Houfes had continued by Aft 0°3) Act of Parliament, is in the next place objected againft his Majefty. There was neither reall nor mock Parliament fet up at oxford, but when the King found that moft of the Mem- bers of either Houfe were driven from Wcflmwfter by force as his Majefty had been, and yet that the authority and reputation of Parliament was applied for the juftifi- cationofall the. rebellious Acts which were done, even to the invitation of Forain power to invade the King- dome •, as well for the fatisfaelion of His people that they might know how many of the true Members of Parliament abhorred the acts done by that pretended authority z, as for His owne information, his Majefty by his Proclamation of the 22 of Deccmb. in the year, 1^43. invited all the Members of both Houfes, who had been driven, or (being confeious of their want of freedome) had withdrawn from Wefltmnfter, to affemble at Oxford upon the 2 2 of January following, when ( He faid ) all Bis good SttbjeBs fhouldfee how willing He was to receive advice for the Religion^ Laws^ and fafety of the Kingdome y from thofe whom they had trttfied, though He could not re- ceive it in the place where He had appointed t, Upon which Summons and Invitation by his Majefty,eight and forty Peers attended his Majefty, there being at leaft twenty others imployed in his Armies,and in the feverall Coun- ties, whofe attendance was difpenced with, and nine o- thers in the parts beyond the Seas, with his Majefties leave • and of the Houfe of Commons above one hun- dred and forty, there being likewife abfent in the Armies neer thirty more, who could not be conveniently prefent at Oxford. When his Majefty found the appearance fo great, and fo much fuperiour in number, as well as quality, to thofe at (to*) at Weftminfler, He hoped it would prove a good expedi- ent to compote the minds of the other to a due confidc- ration of the mitery, into which they had brought their Country ; and referred it to them to propote any advice, which might produce fo good an effect; what add refles and overtures were then made by them, and afterwards by His Ma/efty to perfwade them to enter upon any Treaty of Peace, and with what contempt and fcorne the fame was rejected, will be too long to intert here, and is fufficiently known to the world -, thereupon this body of Lords and Commons publifhed a Declaration to the Kingdome, at large tetting forth the particular acls of violence, by which they had been driven from Weftminfler, and by which the freedome of Parliament was taken away, and then declared how much they ab- horred the undutifull and rebellious a&s, which were countenanced by thofe who ftaid there, and declared their own fubmiflion and allegiance to his Ma/efty 5 and in the end concluded, That as at no time either or both Houses of Parliament can by any Orders or Ordinances im- pofe upon the people without the King's confent, fo by reafon of the want of Freedome and Security for all the Members of the Parliament to meet at V7 cHmmfy.tr, and there to fit, fpeak, and vote with freedome andfafety, all the Actions, Votes , Orders, Declarations and pretended Ordinances made by thofe Members who remaineftill at Weftminfter were void and of none effect >, yet they f aid they were far from at- tempting the di/folution of the Parliament, or the violation of any Aft made and confirmed by his Majefiy, but that it was their grief in the behalf of the whole Kingdome, that ftnee the Parliament was not diffolved, the power thereof Jhould by the t reafon and violence of thofe men, befo far fujp ended, that the Kingdome jhould be without the fruit and don And benefit of a Parliament, which could not he reduced te> an) affion, or authority^ till the liberty and freedome duets the Members fhould be reflored and admitted; which De- claration hath not oncly ever received any Anfwer, but with great care hath not been furfered to be printed in the laft Collection of Orders and Declarations, where the other proceedings at Oxford of that time are fee forth, that the people may lofe that evidence againfc them, which can never be anfvvered or evaded. This was that AfTembly, which thefe Declarers call the mock Parliament at Oxford ',and thefe the proceedings of it ; of the/uftice and regularity whereof,if there could have been heretofore any doubt made, the fame is lately vindicated fufficiently by both Houfesifor if thofe Lords and Commons at Oxford might not /uftifia'bly abfent themfelves from Weftminfter^whcve their fafety and free- dome was taken from them ; by what right or authority could a fmaller number withdraw themfelves in fuly laft upon the fame pretence < and if that body of Lords and Commons regularly convened by his Majefties Au- thority to Oxford, who had firft called them together at Weflminfter, might not declare the Acts made by thofc who remained at Wefiminfier void and of none effect, be- caufe they might not attend there and Vote with free- dome and fafety •, by what imaginable authority could the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons ( who hath no more freedome or power to make any fuch Declaration, then every fingle Member of the Houfe) declare, that fuch and fuch Votes faffed in the Houfe were void and null i and that the omifion of a circumfiance or fome formality in the adjournment of the Houfes could not be any -prejudice to the future meetings and proceedings of Parliament, when it might meet and fit again as a free Parliament, as he did by P his Oorf) his own fingle Declaration in $uly laft : whereupon that powerfull Umpire ( the Army ") very frankly declared, Ded. and Pa- that it cannot be called His Act, His hand being held and guided by thofc who kept Daggers at His Bread, and fo His royall name affixed by them ; and it being told Him at His Counfell board, by thofe who were hvorn to defend Him from fuch violence, that if it were not done in that inflant, there would be n» fafetyfor Himfelf, His royall Confort, or His Progeny, the Rabble having at that time befieged His Court : The freedome of Parliament was no lcife invaded, then it was on the 26 of Iuly laft. When the fame Captain yen, then a Member of the Houfe of Commons (in November and December, 1642O P 2 fent CioS) Ded. LorJs 5c fcnt notes in writing under his hand into the City, that Commons, the people Jhould come downe to Weftminfter, for that the Oxf.f.s 9. y e tter fart of the Houfe was like to be over-powred by the worfer part, whereupon at that time and fome dales after multitudes of the meanefl fort of people^ with Weapons not agreeing with their condition, or cuflome, in a manner contrary and defiruttive to the priviledge of Parliament , filled up the way between both Honfes, offring injuries both by words and actions to^ and laying violent hands upon fe- ver all Member s> proclaiming the names of fever all of the Peers 3 as evill and rotten hearted Lords 5 crying many hewers together againfi the efiablifhed Laws in a mofi tu- multuous and menacing way $ and when this act was com- plained of to the Houfe of Commons, andWitneffcs offered to prove Cap, Ven guilty of it • and a Fellow who had af- faulted and reproached a Member of the Houfe of Commons in thofe Tumults coming again to that Bar with a Petition fhewed, and complained of to that Houfe ; and yet in neither ef thefe cafes ^ juflice^ orfo much as an Examination could be obtained^ and when thefe proceedings were fo much coun- tenanced by particular CM embers^ that when the Houfe of Peers complained of them as derogatory to thefreedome as well as dignity of Parliament-, Mr. Pirn faid 5 God forbid wefhould difhearten our friends, who came to afifl us : no doubt the freedome and fafety of the Parliament was no leffe in danger and violated then it was on the 26 of In- /ylaft. When in Unuary^ \6^i. (after the firft Proportion concerning the CWilitia was brought to the Houfe of Peers, and by them rejected) a Petition was brought in a tumultuous manner to the Houfe of Lords, in the name of the Inhabitants of Hertford-Jhire, defiring liberty to protefl againfi all thofe as enemies to the Publique, who re- fufed (icp) fufedtojoync with the Honourable Lords* whofe endevours were for the publique good, and with the Houfe of Commons for the putting the Kmgdome tnto a poflure offafety under the command of fuch perfons^ as the Parliament ftould ap- point 5 when other Petitions of that nature, and in the fame manner delivered, were prefented to that Houfe, concluding that they fhouldbe in duty obliged to maintain their Lordjlips^ fo far as theyjhould be united with the Houfe of Commons in their jujl and pious proceedings • when at the fame time a Citizen accompanied with ma- ny others faid at the Bar of the Houfe of Commons, without reprehcnfion,That they heard there were Lords, who refufed to confent and concur with them, and that they would gladly know their Names. When that fignall Petition of many thoufand poor people was delivered to the Houfe of Commons, which took notice of a Malignant faffi on ^ that made abortive all their good motions, and profejfed that unlejfe fome fpeedy remedy were taken for the removing all fuch obflruclions^ as hindredthe happy progreffe of their great endevours, the Petitioners would not refl in quietnejje, but fhouldbe forced to lay hold on the next remedy, that was at hand to remove the difiurbers of the peace-, and when that monftrous Pe- ib. tition was carried up to the Houfe of Peers, by an emi- nent Member of the Commons, as an Argument to them to concur with the Commons in the matter of the Militia ; and that Member defired, That if the Houfe of Commons was not alfented to in that point,thofe Lords who were willing to concur, would find fotne means to ?nake themf elves known, that it might be known, who were again ft them , and they might make it known to thofe who fent them : Upon which Petition fo ftrangely framed, countenanced, and feconded , many Lords thereupon P 3 with- (no) withdrawing themfelves, in pure fear of their lives, the Vote in Order to the UHilitU twice before rejected, was then parted: The freedome of Parliament was as abfo- lutely invaded, as it was on the 26 of July laft. In Auguff, 1643. the Houfe of Commons agreed, af- ter a long and folemn debate to joyne with the Lords in fending Proportions of Peace to the King ; the next day printed Papers were fcattered in the Streets, and fixed upon the publique places both in the City, and the Sub- urbs, requiring allperfons w el-affected, to rife as one man, and to come to the Houfe of Commons next morning , for that 20000 Irijh Rebels were landed; which direction and information was that day like wife given in. Pulpits by their feditious Preachers ; and in fome of thofe Papers it was fubferibed, that the malignant Party had over-voted the good j and if not prevented, there would he Peace j a Common Councell was called late at night, though Sunday,and a Petition there framed againft Peace,which was the next morning brought to the Houfe, countenan- ced by Alderman Penington, who (being then Lord Ma- jor of London) that day came to the Houfe of Com- mons, attended with a great multitude of mean perfons, who ufed threats, menaces, and reproaches to the Mem* bers of both Houles ; their Petition took notice of Pro- pofitions faffed by the Lords for Peace, which (if allowed) would be deflruftive to Religion, Laws, and Liberties, and therefore de fired an Ordinance according to the tenour of an AB of their Common Councell the night before • Thanks were given by the Commons, whilft the Lords com- plained of the Tumults, and defircd a concurrence to fuppreffe them, and to prevent the like, many of the people telling the Members of both Houfes, that if they had not a good Anfwer, they would be there the next day ^ with (ill) with double the number : by thefe threats, and this vio- lence, the Propofitions formerly received were re/efted, and all thoughts of Peace laid afide : and then furely the freedome of Parliament was as much taken away, as on the 26 oiluly laft. In a word, when the Members of both Houfes were compelled to take that Proteftaticn, to live and die with the Earle ofEjJ'ex, and fome imprifoned and expelled for rcfufingto take it-, when they were forced to take that facred Vow and Covenant of the 6 of lune, 1643. by which they fwore, that they would to their fower aftft the Forces rai fed and continued by both Houfes of Parliament againftthe Forces raifedby the K 1 » o ; when they were compelled to take the laft folemn League and Cove- nant, that Oath Corban^ by which they conceive them- felves abfolved from all obligations divine and humane, as their PredecefTours ( the Jewes ) thought they were difcharged by that ( though they had bound themfelves) not to help or relieve their Parents ; and laftly, when the Army marched to London in the beginning of Jiugujl laft, in favour of the Speakers and thofe Members, who had reforted to them, and brought them back to the Hoafes, and drove away fome, and caufed others of the Members of a contrary Faction to be imprifoned, and expelled the Houfes, the liberty and freedome of Par- liament was no leffcviolated and invaded, then it was on the 26 of luly laft. Upon thefe reafons, and for want of the freedome fo many fevcrall waies taken from them, thofe Lords and Commons, who attended his Majefty at Oxford^ had withdrawne themfelves from Weflminfler , and might then, as truly and more regularly have faid, what the Army fince with approbation and thanks have faid, on the Dcd. and T J .\- che A ■ the 2 2 oflune laft, Tto /^ freedome of this Parliament is no better, then that thofe CM embers, who frail according P-5J- to tlnir consciences endeavour to prevent a War, and act contrary to their rvaies •, who (for their owne preservation) intend it, they muft do it with the hazard of their lives : which being a good reafon for thofe lately to go to St. Albons or Hounjlow heath, cannot be thought lelfe ju- ftifiable for the other to go to Oxford. Since this objection of calling the Members of Parlia- ment to Oxford is not of waight enough to give any ad- vantage againft his Ma/efty to His Enemies, they endea-' vourtomake their entertainment and ufage there very reproachfull with His friends,and would perfwade them to believe themfelves derided in that exprcflion of the Kings in a Letter to the Queen, where He calls them a Mungrell Parliament t by which they infer, what reward His own Party muft expect, when they have done their; utmoft to fhipwrack their faith and confeience to his will and tyranny. Indeed they, who fhif wrack their faith and confeience have no reafon to expect reward from the King, but thofe Lords and Gentlemen who attended {his Ma/efty in that convention well know, that never King received advice from His Parliament with more grace and can- dor, then his Ma/efty did from them •, and their confei- ences are too good to think themfelves concerned in that expreffion, if his Majefty had not Himfelf taken the pains to declare to what party it related -, befides, it is well known, that fome who appeared there with great profeffions of loyalty, were but Spies, and fhortly after betrayed his Majefties fervice, as Sir fohn Price and o- thers inWales, and fome fince have alleaged in the Houfe of Commons, or before the Committee for their de- fence tlttt fence to the Charge of being at Oxford at that AfTcm- bly, That they did the Parliament more fcr vice there \ then they could have done at Weftminfter ; So that the Kino had great reafon to think He had many Mungrels there. 23. The laft Charge is the making a Pacif cation in p^, l6t Ireland \ and fincc that a Peace • and granting a Com- miflion to bring over ten thoufand Irifl) tofubdue the Par- liament, and the rebellious City of London , and the condi- tions of that peace. That loud clamour againft,the Ceffation in Ireland was fo fully & clearly anfwered by the King's Comiflloners at the Treaty at llxbridge, that there can no fcruple re- main with any,who have taken the pains to read the tranf- a&ions in that Treaty •, it plainly appears, that the King could not be induced to confent to that CefTation, till it was evident that His Proteftant Subjects in that King- dome could not be any other way preferved ; The Lords. Juftices and Councell of that Kingdome fignifiedto the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons by their Letter of the 4 of April, ( which was above fix Months before the CefTation ) That his Majefties K_Army and good SubjceJs * c!at - of the x there, were in danger to be devoured for want of needfull rcaty ' p * 14 ' fupplies out of England, and that His UMajefiies Forces were of necefity fent abroad, to try what might be done for fuftaining them in the Country, to keep them alive tillfup- pliesjhould get to them, but that defigne failing them, thofe their hopes were converted into aflonijhment, to behold the miferies of the officers andSouldiers for want of all things, and all thofe wants made infupportable in the want of food, and divers Commanders and officers declaring they had little hope to be fuppliedby the Parliament, preyed with fo great importunity to be permitted to depart the Kingdome ; its that it would be cxtrcawe difficult to keep them there, (»4) and in mother part of that Letter, they expreffed, that they were expelling thence all Strangers^ and mufl tnflantly fend away for England thousands of poor dijpoyled Englifli y whofe 'very eating was then infupportable to that place y that their confufions would not admit the writing of many more Letters jf any 5 (for they had written divers others ex- prefiing their great necefities : ) And to the end His CMa- Jefty and the Englifl) Nation, might not irrecoverably and unavoidably fiffer, they did defire, that then ( though it were aimojl at the point to be too late ) Supplies ofFieluall and Ammunition in prefent might be hajlened thither to keep life, unti lithe reft might follow jhere being no Viciuall in the Store, nor a hundred Barrels of Powder (a fmall pro- portion to defend a Kingdome) left in the Store, when the out-Garrifons were fupplied, and that remainder according to the tiftiall neceffary expence befides extraordinary acci- dents would not lafl above a Month ; and in that Letter they fent a Paper figned by fundry Officers of the Army delivered to them, as they were ready to figne that di- fpatch, and by them apprehended to threaten imminent danger ; which mentioned that they were brought to that great exigent, that they were ready to rob and fpoile one ano- ther, that their wants began to make them defperate ; That if the Lords tfuftices and Councell th-ere d;d not find a fpee- dy way for their prefervation 5 they did de/ire, that they might have leave to go away •, that if that were not gran- ted, they mufl have recourfe to the law of nature, which teacbeth all men to preserve themfelves. The two Houies, who had undertaken to carry on that War, and received all the Mony raifed for that Service, neglecting ftill to fend fupplies thither ; the Lords Ju- ftices,and Councell by their Letters about the middle of CM ay, advertifed the King, That they had no Fiffuall^ Clothes r ri5 ) k Cloths^ or ether provifions , no Mony to provide them of any thing they want •, no Armes^not above forty Barrels of Pow- der • no ftrength of ferviceable Horfe •• no vifible means by Sea or Land of being able to preferve that Kingdome. And by others of the 4 ofluly^ that his Armies would be forced cdl. Ord. through wants to disband or depart the Kingdome^ and that *.voL p.344. there would be nothing to be expected there ^ but the infant loffe of the Kingdome y and the deft ruff ion of the remnant of his good Subjects yet left there. This was the fad condition of that miferable King- dome, to whofe afliftance his Majefty was in no degree ( of Himfelf ) able to contribute ; and His recommenda- tion and interposition to the two Houfes, whom He had trufted, was fo much contemned, that when upon their Order to iflue out, at one time, one hundred thoufand pounds of the Monies paid for Ireland^ to the fupply of the Forces under the Earl ofEjJex, ( albeit it was enacted by the Law upon which thofe Monies were raifed, that no part ofitjbould be imployed to any other purpose then the reducing the Rebels of Ireland) His Majefty by a fpeciall MefTage ad vifed and required them to retrad that Or- der, and to difpofe the Monies the right way, the necef- fities of Ireland being then paflionately reprefented by thofe upon the place, they returned no other fatisfa&ion or Anfwer to his Majefty, but a Declaration, That thofe Ex.eol.M70 directions given His Majefty for the retracting of that Or- der^ was a high breach ofpriviledge of Parliament, When His Majefty perceived that no afliftance was, or was like to be applied to them, and that the Enemy ftill increafed in ftrength & power, He referred the confede- ration and provifion for themfelves,to thofe,whofe fafe- ties and livclyhoods were moft immediately concerned, and who were the neareft witneffes ofthediftreffes, and £ 2 the (II*) the beft Judges, how they could be borne, or how they were like to be relieved ; and fo with the full advice and approbation of the Lords Juftices and Councell there, and concurrent opinion of all the chief Officers of the Army, that Ceflation was made, by which onely the Proteftants in that Kingdome, and His Majefties intereft there could at that time have been preferved. Of this CefTation, neither His Majefties good Subjects in that or this Kingdom, have reafon to complain. Exa- mine now the peace , which they fay was afterwards made, on fuch odious, fhamefull, and unworthy conditi- ons, that His Majefty Himfelf blufhcd to owne, or im- part to His owne Lieutenant the Earle of Ortnond^ but a private CommifTion was made to the Lord Herbert to manage it. Whilft the King had any hope of a tolerable peace in this, or a probable way of carrying on the War in that Kingdome, He never gave a Commiffion to conclude a peace there, and it plainly appears by the relation of the Treaty at Uxbridge, ( to the truth of which there hath not been the leaft objection ) the Ads of the Commif- fioners of both fides being extant, that there was no ex- pedient propofed ( though defired often on the King's party ) for the proceeding in that War, but that His Ma- jefty would quit abfolutely all His Regall power in that Kingdome, and fo put all His Subjects there ( Englifh and Irim) out of His protection, into that of the two Houfes of Parliament here, who at the fame time were fighting for the fame Supremacy in this, and who had at the fame time difpofed a greater power thereof to the Scots, then they referved to thcmfelves ; it concerned the King then in piety and policy, in His duty to God and man, to endevour to preferve that Kingdom by a peace, which (n 7 ) which He could not reduce by a war, and to draw from thence fuch a body and number of His own Subjects, as might render Him more considerable to thofe, who, ha- ving put off all naturall allegiance , and reverence to his Majefty, looked only what power and ftrength, and not what right He had left. The peace that was concluded, was upon fuch tearms and conditions, as were in that conjuncture of time juft and honourable ; and when it could not be continued without yeilding to more fhamefull and lefTe worthy conditions, the Marqueffe oformond, his Majefties Lieu- tenant of that Kingdome, (who had the foleand intiie authority from his Majefty to conclude a peace, and a- gainft whom all their envy, and all their malice, hath not been able to make the leaft objection ) beft knowing his Mafters mind, chofe rather to make no peace, and to truft providence with his Majefties Rights, then to con- fent to fuch Propofitions •, nor had the Lord Herbert ever any Commiflion to make a peace there, but being a perfon, whofe loyalty and affection to his fervice, the King had no reafon to fufpect, and being of the fame Religion with the Enemy, might have fome influence upon them , was qualified with fuch a teftimony, as might give him the more credit amongft them to per- fwade them to reafon : His reftraint and commitment was very reall by the whole Councell board there, though when it appeared that his errors had proceeded from unskilfulnefte and unadvifedneffe, and not from malice, he was afterwards inlargcd by the fame power. The unnaturall conclufions and inferences thefe men make from what the King hath faid or done, applying actions done lately, to words fpoken feven years before, cannot caft any blemilh upon the Kings Religion,which ^ 3 fhines (n8) fhincs with the fame luftre in Him, as it did in the primi- tive Martyrs y and even thofe Letters taken at Na\eby^ \ : which- no wife Rebel, or 'gallant Enemy would have publiihed 1 will to poftcrity appear as great Monuments of His zeale to the true Proteftant Religion , in thofe (traits in which He was driven by thofe who profeifed that Religion, as any Prince hath left, or have been left by any Prince fince Chriftianity was imbraced: And if that Religion fhould profper with lefTe vigour, then it hath done, and the Chriftian and Pagan world have ieflfe reverence towards it, then they have had, thefe Re- formers may juftly challenge to themfelves the honour and glory of that declenfion, and triumph in the re- proaches they have brought upon the moft Orthodox Church, that hath flourished in any age fince the A- poftles time. Thefe Charges and reproaches upon the King, which have been now particularly examined and anfwered, and of which the world may judge, are aggravated by the King's fo often refuting their addrefles for peace 5 the truth of which fuggeftions ( though for method fake the Order of their Declaration hath been inverted ) mull: be now confidered, and all of that kind, which is fcattered and dif- jointed in the Declaration, Dial for the fame me- thod fake be gathered together and refolved ; and in this Argument they feem to think, they are fo much upon p3g. 7 . the advantage ground, that they are rather to make an Apology to the world, for having fo often made Ad- dreffes to their King, then for refolving to doe fo no more 5 that is, for enduring fo long to be Sub/eels, then for refolving hereafter to be fo no more. The truth is, they never yet made any one addreffe for peace ; onely fomtime offered to receive his Crown, if his his Ma/efty would give it up to them , without putting them to fight more for it, for other fenfe or interpreta- tion, no Propofitions yet ever fent to Him can bear 5 and whereas they fay, they mujinot be founthankfullto God, as t0 forget they were never forced to any Treaty ^ it is affirmed, that there are not fix Members, who concur in this Declaration^ who ever gave their confent to any Treaty, that hath yet been, but when they were forced by the major part to confent to it, they were fo unthank- full to God for the opportunity of rcftorine a bleffed peace to their Country, that they framed fuch Propofi- tions, and clogged their Commiffioners with fuch In- ft ructions, as made any Agreement impoffible. Though no Arithmetique, but their own, can reckon thofe Seven times, in which they have made fuch appli- cations to the King, and tendred fuch Propofitions, that Pa might occafion the world to judge , they had not only yedded up to their wills andaffeciiap^ but their reafon alfo, and judgment, for obtaining a true peace and accommodation j yet it will be no hard matter fhortly to recollect the o- vertures, which have bin made on both fides, and thence it may befi: appear whether the King^ never yet offredany thing fit for them to receive, or would accept of any tender fit for them to make. What Propofiiions were made by them to prevent the War, need not be remembred, who ever reads the nine- teen lent to Him to Yerkejvill fcarce be able to name one Soveraigne power, that was not there demanded from him ; nor can they now make Him leffe a King , then He fhould have been, if He had confented to thofe. After His Standard was fet up, and by that his Ma- yefty had (hewed that He would not tamely be ftrpped of His Royall power, without doing His beft to defend It, (no) it, He fent a Meflage before bloud was yet drawn from Ex.Co!.p.f79- Nottingham, to aefire that fome ft perfons might be in- abled by them, to treat with the like number, to be autho- rised by His Majcfty, infnch a manner, and tvithjuch free- dome of debate, as might befit end to that happy conclufion, which all good men de fired, The peace of the Kingdome ; to which gracious overture from HisMa/efty, the Anfwcr Vi*, 580, was, that untill the King called in His Proclamations and Declarations, and took down His Standard, they could give Him no Anfwcr. And at the fame time publifhed a Declar: to the King- dome, That they would not lay down their Arms, untill the King jhould with draw His protection from all fuch perfons, Ex.Co!.p,f7f./*f had been voted by both Houfes to be Delinquents • or jhould be voted to befuch ; that their Eflates might bediffo- fed to the defraying of the charges the Common-wealth had been put to • And who they meant by thofe Delin- quents, tney had in a former Declaration to the Inhabi- tants of Tork-fhire exprefled, that all perfons fl)ou Id have reparation out of the Eftates of all fuch perfons in any part of the Kingdome whatfoevcr, who had withdrawn them- J elves to Yorke, and jhould perfift to ferve the King, ejre. This was one of their Applications, in which they had ycilded up their wills and affections,and their reafon and judgment for obtaining peace. F»g- 9- They fay, they have caufe to remember that the King fomtimes denied to receive their humble Petitions for peace: the which they had rather fhould be believed in grofle, then trouble tnemfelves with fetting down the time, and manner when it was done ; but out of their former wri- tings it is no hard matter to gueffe what they meanc : When the King was at Shrewsbury, and the Earlc of Ejfcxjtt. Worcejler towards the end of September, \6/\i* the (iii) the two Houfes fent a Petition to their Generall , to be prcfented to His Majefty in fome fafe and honourable way 5 In which Petition they moft humbly befought his Majefty, to withdraw His Perfonfrom His own Army, Ex.CoI.p.tf 3 s . and to leave them to be fuppreffed by that power, which they had fent again ft them^ and that He won/din peace and fafe- ty without His Forces return to His Parliament. The Earl of Effex by Letter to the Earle of Dorfet, who then at- tended his Ma/efty, intimated that He had a Petition from both Houfes to be delivered to his Ma/cfty, and for that purpofe defired a fafe Conduct for thofe, who fhould be fent with it 5 The Earle otDorfet ( by his Ma- }efties command ) returned Anfwer, That as He had ne- ver refufed to receive any Petition from His Houfes of Par- liament, fo Hepouldbe ready to give fuch a reception and Anfwer to this, asftjould be ft , and that the B ringers of it fhould come and go withfafety, onely He required that none of thofe perfons, whom He had particularly accufedofHigh Treafon (which at that time were very few) fhould by co- lour of that Petition be imployed to His Majefty. This An- fwer was declared to be a breach of priviledge, and fo that Petition, which ( as His Majefty faies in His Anfwer to the Declaration of the 22 ofoclober) was fitter to be Ex.C0Lp.tf99. delivered after a Battle and full Conqueft of Him, then in the head of His Army, when it might feemfomw hat in His power whether He would be depofed or no y was never delive- red to his Majefty, and this is the Petition, which they now fay He fomtimes denied to receive. They fay that when they defired Him to appoint a place for a Committee of both Houfes to attend His Majefty with Propofitions for Peace, He named W'mdfov, promifingto abide thereabouts till they came to Him^ but prefently mar- ched forward fi neer London,/^* He had almoft furpri^ed R /*, (wa) ;>, whilft He had fo ingaged Himfclffor a Treaty. This like wife refers to the Petition Tent to his Majefty at Colebrooke •, and all the circumftances were fully an- Ex.Co 1 .p.745. fwcredby his Majefty in his Declaration upon that oc- cafion, when this afpertion was firft unreafonably caft upon Him $ It is true, after the Battle at Edge- hi 11^ when they could no longer perfwade their friends of the City, that the King's Forces were fcattered, and their Army in purfuit of Him, but in ftead thereof, they had preg- nant evidence, that his Majefties Army was marching towards them, and was poffciTed of Reading^ whilft the Earl ofEffex continued ftill at or about Wanvicke, on the 2 of November, they refolved to fend an Overture to his Majefty concerning Peace ; and though it muft not be faid they were forced to that Addreffe, yet truly who e- \ ver reads that Petition which was brought to his Ma/efty to Colebrooke, will be of opinion bytheftile of it, that they were fuller of fear, or of duty, then they were when they rejected his Majefties offer from Notingham, or then they were ten daies after, or ever fince : That Petiti- on was anfwered with all imaginable candor by his Ma- jefty j and Windsor chofen if they would remove their Garrifon out of it, for the place of Treaty : But when the MefTcngers were returned, who made not the leaft mentionofaCeifation, it appeared by fure intelligence that the Earl ofEffex^ who had the night before brought h:s Army to or ncer London^ after thofe Meftengers were difpatched to his Majefty, had drawn a great pan of his Forces., and the London Traine bands towards his Maje- fty, and fent others to Atton on the one fide, and King- fion on the other • fothat there being likewi& a Garri- fon at Windfor, if the Kmg had ftaid at Ctlebrotke, He had been infenfibly hemmed in, and furrounded by the Enemy 5 (V3) Enemy • whereupon He took a fudden refolution to ad- vance to Brainceford, thereby to compcll them to draw their Body together, & fo making His way through that Townc with the defeat of a Regiment or two which made refinance there, and thereby caufing thofe at Kingfton to remove, the King went to His own Houfe at Hampton Court, and having there in vainc cxpe&ed the Commiifioners from the Houfcs to Treat, retired to Reading, where He ftatd, till He round they had given over all thought of Treaty, and they fent Him a new fcornfuli Petition, to returne to His Parliament with His Royally not His Martiall attendance. In January following, the importunity of the City of London, and generall clamour of the people forced tnem to pretend an inclination to peace * and fo they fent Pro- poiitions to his Ma/efty, which though but 14 in num- ber, contained the whole matter of the former 19. with an addition of fome Bils ready patted the two Houfcs,to which His royaH orient was demandcd,one of which was for the extirpation and eradication of the whole frame of Church-government ; and another for the confir- ming an Attembly of fuch Divines as they had chofen, to devife a new Government, which they were fo much the fitter to be tmfted withbecaufc in the whole number, (which confifted of above one hundred, and might be incrcafed as they thought fit ) there were not above a dozen, who were not already declared Enemies to the old, to the which notwithftanding there were few of them who had not fubferibed, and a promife required from his Ma/efty, that He would give His aff'ent to all fuch Bils which the two Htufesjbould hereafter prefent to Him, upon cmfnttatioamth that Affemkh. Ht>w extravagant fbcvertheie Proportions were, the R 2 King (»4) King Co much fubducd and fupprefled His Princely in- dignation, that He drew them to a Treaty even upon rhofe Propofitions, expecting ( as He expreffed in His Coll.cu. Anfwer, when He propofed the Treaty) that fuch of avoi.p.51. them as appeared derogatory from, and dejlruclive to His jttft Power and Prerogative, fbould be waved, and many o- ther things that re ere darke and doubt full in them, might be cleared and explained upon debate ; and concluding that if they would confent to a Treaty, they would Uketvife give fuch authority and power of reafoning to thofe, whom they fhould trujl, that they might either give or tak? fat is fact ion upon thofe principles of piety, honour, and juflice, as both fides avowed^ their being governed by. How that Treaty was managed, how their Commif- fioners were limited and bound up by their Inftru&ions, that they had no power to recede from the leaft material! tittle of the Propofitions upon which they treated ; how they were not fuffercd to ftay one houre beyond the time firft afiigned to them, albeit his Ma/efty carneftly defired the Treaty might be continued, till He had recei- ved an Anfwer to Propofitions of His owne, which He had fent to the Houfes, becaufe the Committee had no power to anfwer them ; and how the fame day their Commiflioners left Oxford ; the Earl of Ejjex marched with his whole Army to befiege Heading, is known to all men, who may conclude thereupon, that they never in- tended that Treaty mould produce a peace. On the other fide, the King propofed only, That Hit Ships might be refiorcdtoHim, and His Caflles, and Reve- nue, which by the confepon of all had been violently taken from Him \ and that His Majcfty and the Members of both Houfes, who had been driven from Weftmin/ter might ei- ther return thither, upon fuch a provifton as might fecure them (125) them againfl Tumults for the future ; or that the Parlia- ment might be adjourned to fomefafe place, and fo aH Ar- mies prefer.tly to be disbanded : To which Proportion from his Majefty, they never vouchfafed to return An-. fwer, and the King after He had above a Month in vain expected it from them ; and in that time received a good fupply of Ammunition, which He was before thought to want, fent another MefTage by Mr. Alexander Hamb- den on the 19 of May, 1643. in which He told them, „ " , That when He conjidered that the fcene of all the calamity 2 yol p.i8i. was m the bowels of His own Kingdome, that all the bloud which was fpilt was of His owne Subjects ; and that what victory hfhouldpleafe God to give Him, muflbe over tho/e who ought not to have lifted up their hands againfi Him • when He confidered that thofe defperate civill dfjjentions, might encourage and invite a forain Enemy to make a prey of the whole Nation •, That Ireland was in pre fent danger to be loft ; That the heavy judgments of God, Plague, Pejti- lence, and Famine, would be the inevitable attendants of this unnatural contention ; and that in ajhort time there would be fo generall a habit of uncharitableneffe and cruelty, contracted throughout the Kingdome, that even peace ft Jelf would not reflore His people to their old temper andfe- curity • His Majefty could not faffer Himfelf to be dfcou- raged though He had received no Anfwer to His former CMeffage, but by this did again with much earnejlnejfe de- fire them to confider what He had before off red, which gave fo fair a rife to end thofe unnatural! diffractions. This moft gracious MefTage from the King, met with fo much worfe entertainment and fucceffe then the for- mer, as it was not only ever Anfwer'd, but the Meflenger likewifc i being a Gentleman of quality and lingular in- tegrity ) though he was civilly received by the Houfe of R 3 Lords, (It*) Lords, to whom lie was dirc&cd, was by the Houfe of Commons apprehended and imprifoncd, and never af- ter treed from his rcftraint, till he ended his life, after a long and cunfuming fickncfTc. ft(8 io. This is the Meffcnger they mean, who ( to excufc their inhumanity and cruelty towards him ^ they fay, at the fame time he brought a fiction* CMeffage of renewing a Treaty, was wftructed hew to manage that bioudy Maffacre in London^wbicb was then designed by venue of the Kings C ommt f ion, fine e fubUfnd. Before any thing be faid of that Plot, it is known, that Gentleman was imprifoncd many daies before there was any mention of a Plot •, and the Houfe of Peers folcmnly cxpoftulatcdthc injury done to them in it, and in vaine required his inlargcment, which they would not have done, if there haa been any other objection againft him, then the comming without a PaiTc from their Generall, which was never underftood to berequifitc,till the Houfe of Commons very few daies before declared it to be fo, albeit themfelvcs fent Meflengers to the King without ever demanding a Pafle. Coll. Ori Now to the Plot it felf ; They have indeed published uroL p.*??, a Narration of that Plot, which fcrved their turn barba- roufly to put two very honeft men to death, and to un- doe very many more ; and it is very probable they made that relation as full and clear, as their evidence enabled them to do, and yet who ever reads it, cannot conclude reafonabiy, that there was ever more in it, then a com- munion between honeft men, of good reputation and fortunes, and defirous of peace, how they might be able to difcountcnance that disorderly rabble, which upon all oceafions protefted againft peace, by appearing as-ftrong and confiderabk in numbers as they, and which certain- (1*7) ly ought to have found as great countenance and encou- ragement from the Parliament, as the other ; thefe dif- courfcs produced a difquifition of the generall affections of the City, and that a more particular computation and eftimate of the inclinations of particular men, and fo mention of feverall things which in fuch and fuch cafes would be neceflary to be done ; and thefe difcourfes be- ing by the treachery of a Servant difcovered to thofe, who could compound l Plots and Confpiracies out of any Ingredients, they joyned thofe and a Commiffion they had likewife met with, together, and fo fhaped a Confpi- racy, that they ufed as a Scar- crow to drive away any a- vowed and publique inclinations for peace, the prefnng whereof at rhat time was like to prove inconvenient to them ^ but thofe difcourfes, and that Commiffion, had not the leaft relation to each other, nor was there one man, who was accufed of or privy to thofe difcourfes, whole name was in that CommiHion, or indeed privy to it, which had iffued out a good time before, and was to have been made ufe of ( being no other then a fair legal! Commiffion of Array in Englifh ) if the Kings motion with His Army towards thofe parts gave the people fo much courage to appear for Him •, nor can there be a fo- ber objection againft the Kings granting fuch a Com- miffion, when they had their Ordinances ready upon all occafions, to be executed in the Kings Quarters, and had named Commiffioners for that purpofe in all the Coun- ties of the Kingdome. But to proceed, in the Overtures for peace, from the end of the Treaty at Oxford, which was in Ayril^ i ^43 . they never made one Overture or Addreffe to his Ma- /efty towards peace, till the end of November^ 1644. in die mean time whac approaches the King made towards k (12$) it muft be remembred i After the taking ofsrijfol^ when his Ma/efties ftrength and power was vifible and confef- fed in the Weft, and in the North,and the Enemies con- dition apparently low, and in many of their opinions even defperate •, the King albeit His laft Meflenger was (till in Prifon, and no Anfwer to his MefTagcs, by His Declaration of the 30 of fune, again renewed all the profeffions and offers He had before made , and told them, that revenge and blond t hi rfinejfe bad never been imputed to His Majefly by thofe, who had neither left His government or nature nn-examined with the greateft bold- neffe and malice^ and therefore bef ought them to return t» their Allegiance : what paffed from his Ma/efty himfelf, and from the Lords and Commons at Ox ford in March following, and with what importunity, they defired there might be a Treaty, by which fome waies & means might be found, how a peace might be procured, and how peremptorily and difdainfully they rejected that defire in their Anfwer to his Majcfty of the p ofMarch, xvoLp^ri. becaufe the greateft, and the greateft number of the Peers of the Kingdome, and the greateft part of the Houfe of Commons, then with his Ma/efty 2X. Oxford^ feemed by Him to be put in an equall condition with them at Weflminfter^ though they had been content fince to put the Officers of the Army into at leaft an equall condition with them, by treating with them, is to be feen and read, and needs no repetition. In fitly following, which was in the year 1644. after He had routed the beft part of Sir William Walter s Ar- my, and taken his Cannon, his Ma;efty fent from Eve- fham another Meffase to the two Houfes, to defire them, that there might yet be aCeJfation, and that fome perfons might be fent to Him with any Prop oft ions that might be for Ccl'.OrJ. (i*9) for the good of His people, and He would condescend to them: to which they never returned Anfwer. Two Months after, on the 8 of September, when He had totally defeated the Army of the Earl of Ejfex in Cornwall ? taken all their Cannon, Armes, and Baggage 5 the King again fent to them, that the extraordinary fuc- ceffe with which God hadblefj'cd Him in fo eminent a man- ner, brought Him no joy for any other confederation, then for the hopes He had, that it might be a means to make o- thers lay to heart, as He did, the miferies brought and con- tinued upon this Kingdome by this nnnaturall war, and that it might open their ears, anddijpofe their minds to imbrace thofe offers of peace and reconciliation, which had beenfo often andfo earneftly made unto them by Him, and from the conftant and fervent endeavours of which He refolved ne- ver to defift : and fo conjured them to confider His laji tjMeffage and to fend Him an Anfwer : To this MerTage like wife, they never fent Anfwer : and thefe were the tenders made by his Majefty, which they fay were never ft for them to receive • we fhall now proceed to thofe they thought fit to offer, and accufe his Majefty for not accepting . Onthc 23 of November, 1644. the Committee from the two Houfes brought the Proportions to the King, which, they fay, were agreed on by the Parliaments of both Kingdoms not only as juft, but neceffary alfo for the very being of thefe Kingdoms in a fetled peace and fafcty : And which required his Majefty to refigne up all His Regall power in His three Kingdomes, to thofe who fent thofe Proportions ; to take their Covenant, and injoyne all others to take it ; and to facrifice all His owne Party ( who had ferved Him honeftly and faithful- ly ) to the fury and appetite of thole, who had caft off S their (130) their Allegiance to Him, and to leave Him fel ft he meer empty name of a King. How the twenty daies were afterwards fpent at Ux- bridge, is publifhed to the world, in which the laft ob- fervation made by the King's Commiflioners mud: not f elat. Treat. ^ forgotten, That after a War of neer foure years, for which the defence of the Proteflant Religion, the Liberty and Property oftheSubjecJ,andthe Priviledges of the Par- liament, were made the caufe and grounds, in a Treaty of Twenty daies, nor indeed in the whole Proportions up on which the Treaty fiouldbe, there hath been nothing offered to be treated concerning the breach of any Law, or of the Liberty, or Property of the Subject, or Privi ledge of Par- liament, but onely Pr op o fit ions for the altering a Govern- ment eftabhfludb) Law, and for the making new Laws, by which almofl all the old are or may be cancelled • and there hath been nothing inf fed on of the Kings part, which is not Law, or denied by the Kings Commijfioners that the o- ther required, as due by Law. Pag. io. For the Proteftation,xvhicl\ they fay, was entred (about the time of this Treaty ) in the Councell-Book, and of which his Majefty gave the Queen account, it is known to be no other then a Declaration, that by calling them a, Parliament, there could be no acknowledgment infer- red, that he efteemed them a free Parliament, which few at that time did believe them to be •, and they have (ince upon as fmall reafons confeflfed themfelves not to be. Pag. %. They alleage,as a wonderfull teftimony of their meek- nefle and good nature, that after His Majeflies Armies were all broken, fo that in difguife He fled from Oxford to the Scots at Newarke, and from thence went to Newcaftle, they tendred to Him at Newcaftle, and afterwards ■, when the Scots had left Him to the Commifioners of Parliament, At (m) at Hampton- Court, fill the fame Propofitions in effect, which had been prefented before in the midfi of all His ftrength and Forces : which is rather an Argument that they had at firft made them as bad as poflibly they could, then that they were good fince • and (confidering the natures of thefe Declarers ) there cannot be a more pregnant evidence of the ilnefte and vilenelTe of thofe Propofitions, then that they have not made them worfe -, nor is the condition in which they have now impioufly put His Ma/cfty for His rcfufall, worfe, then it had been, or would be ( His Perfonall liberty only excepted ) if He confented to them; and in one confederation it is much better, becaufe it is now a confeiTed a& of violence and treafon upon Him, which if He once confent to their Propofitions, they will ( when ever they find occafion ) appear legally qualified to do the fame. They have once again out of their defire of his Maje- ft'es concurrence defcended to one other addrefle to Him, and they faid, they did fo qualifie the faid Propofiti- Pag.?. ons, that where it might ft and with thepubliquefafety, His wonted fcruples and objections were prevented or removed, and yeilded to a Perfon all Treaty, on condition the King would figne but four eBils, which they judged not only jufi, and honourable y but neceffary even for prefent peace and fafety during fuch a treaty \ and upon His deniall of thefe, they are in defy air of any good by addreffes to the King, nei- ther mufi they be fo injurious to the people, in further delay- ing their fetlement, as any more to preffe His confent, to thefe or any other Propofitions, What the former Propofitions and Addreffes to His Ma/efty have been, and how impoflible it hath been for Him to confent to them with His Confcience, Honour, or Safety , appears before ; and how inconvenient it S 2 would would have been to tbe Kingdome if He had done it, they themfelvcs have declared, by making fuch impor- tant alterations in refped of the Englifh intercft inthofe preferred at Newcajile^ from the other treated on atf/x- bridge^ k will be fit therefore to examine thefe foure Eils which were to be the condition of the Treaty. One of thefe Bils is, to devefi His (JWajefty and His P$- fterityfor ever of any power over the Militia^ and to trans- fer this right, and more then ever was in the Crown, to thefe men, who keep Him Prifoner •, for it is in their power whether they will ever confent that itlhallbein any other ; and to give them power to raife what Forces they pleafe, and what Mony they think ft upon His Subjects; and by any waies or means they appoint^ and fo frankly ex- clude Him felf from any power in the making Laws. There need no other Anfwer, why it is not fit or pof- fible for the King to confent to this, then what the Com- miflioners from Scotland gave to the Houfcs, when they Anfw. &. declared their dilTent ; If the Crownes have no ponder of Com.p.zo. t ^ e (jMJlj tta ^ h orv CAn they be able to refisi their Enemies^ and the Enemies of the Kingdomes^ protect their Subjects, or keep friendship or eerrefpondence with their Allyes ? All Kings by their royall Office and (lath of Coronation are obli- ged to protetf their Laws and Subjecls^ it were ft range then to feclude the Crown for ever from the power of doing that y which by the Oath of Coronation they are obliged to per- form y and the obedience whereunto fallcth within the Oath of Allegiance -, and certainly if the King and His Po ferity jhall have no power in making Laws, nor in the Militia, it roots ttp theftrongeft foundation of honour andfafety which the Crown affords^ and will be interpreted in the eyes of the *> or Id j be a wrefting of the Scepter and Sword out of their hands, Nor Nor can this fulft and honourable AfTcrtion be znfwc* red, and evaded, by faying, that the Militia was theprm- d-i. conccr- Cipdfl immediate ground of their quarrel/, in order to the aing the Scots prcfervation of Religion, and the ]ufl Rights and Liberties Pa P ej;s >P-* 8 ' ofthefeople • 4/2^/ ^te the Scots Commifiioncrs have often agreed with them in it , and that the Kingdome of "Scotland fought together with them for it, and upon the ground there- of', and that now they argue againfi their injoymg it, al- mofi in the very fame words , as the King did at the begin- ning of the War in His Declarations. It is no wonder that what thefe men have done, and the horrid confufion they have made, have evinced ma- ny truths, which appeared not fo manifeft to all under- ftandings by what the King faid, or that they have not fo good an opinion of thofe, who tell them that there is Mat, late another and a more naturallway to peace , and to the ending p ' the war, then by Agreement, namely by Conqueft • As they had of them who with all imaginable folemmty fwore that $ Art. of the they would fine ere ly, really, andconfiantly endeavour with their efiates and lives, mutually topreferve and defend the King's Majejlies Per f on, and authority in the prefervation and defence of the true Religion, and Liberties of the King- domes, that the world may bear witnefje with their Confer- ences of their Loyalty, and that they had no thoughts or in- tentions to dimin.fb His Majejlies Power andGreatneffe, which Engagerr.e us might perfwade many, that their purpofes '.ere other then they now appear to be. For that nher power, they require to raife what Mo- nies they pieafe, and in what^ way they pleafe; All the pet pie rt Lngland will fay, that which the Army faid ho.ieftly m their Reprefentation, agreed upon at New- market on the 4 & 5 of fane againft the Ordinance of ^ r ^" d J 1 *' Indempnity, Wefliallbe firry that our relief flrould be the my*p.$i. .S 3 occafion d34) occafion offering up more Arbitrary Courts, then there Are already, with ft> large a power ofimprifoning any Free men f/England, as this Bill gives y let the perfons tntrujled ap- pear never fo juft and faith full. Indeed that is asked of his Majefty by this Bill, which the King can neither give, nor they receive ; the Kins cannot give away His Dominion, nor make His Sur> je&s, fubject to any other Prince or power, then to that under which they were born; no man believes that the King can transfer His Soveraigne power to the French King, or the King ofspa/ne, or to the States of the uni- ted Provinces ; nor by the fame reafon can He transfer it to the States at Weflminfter. And the learned and wife Grotius (who will by no means endure that Subjects fliould take Armes againft their Princes upon any fpeci- ous pretences whatfoever ) concludes, Si rex tradere reg- D: jure bell, num, autfubjicere moliatur, quin ei refifii in hoc pofiit non 6& 8 > ■ duhit 0, aliud emm eft imperium, Aliud habendi modus, qui nemiitttur obftare poteft populus j to the which he applies that of Seneca , Etfi parendum in omnibus patri, in eo non parendum, quo efficitur ne pater fit • And it may be this may be the only cafe in which Subjects may take up de- feniive Armes, that they may continue Subjects ; for without doubt no King hath power, not to be a King, becaufc by devefting himfelfe he gives away the right which belongs to others, their title to, and intereft in his protection. The two Houfes themfelves feemed to be of opinion, when in their Declaration of the 27 of May , 1542. they ixCoLp.jf. faid, the King by his Soveraignty is not enabled to de- ftroy His people j but to protect and defend them; and the high Court of Parliament, and all other His Majefties Of- ficers and Minifters ought to be fubfervient to that power and d35) andaifthority, which Law hath placed in His Majefly to that purpofe, though He Him f elf in His own Perfon fhould neglect thefameiSo that by their own judgment and con- fetfion it is not in the King's power to part with that, which they ask of Him 5 and it is very probable, if they could have prevailed with Him to do it, they would be- fore now have added it to His charge, as the greateft breach of truft that ever King was guilty of. They cannot receive what they ask, if the King would give it 5 in the Journall of the Houfe of Commons, they will find a Protcftation entred by themfelves in the third year of this King, when the Petition of Right was de- pending, in the debating whereof fome expreflions had been ufed, which were capable of an ill interpretation $ That they neither meant , nor had power to hurt the King's Prerogative : And the Lord chief Juftice Co ke y in the fourth part of his Inftitutes,publimed by their Or- der fince the beginning of this Parliament, faies, That it 4 paninfm. was declared in the 42 year of King Edw. 3. by the Lords f oL l *- and Commons in full Parliament, that they could not affent to any thing in Parliament, that tended to the d/jherifon of the King and his Crowne, whereunto they were fworne : And Judge Hutton in his Argument againft Ship-mony, printed likewife by their Order fince this Parliament, a- grees exprefly, That the power of making War ejr Leagues, p , ^ the power of the Coyne, and the Value of the Coynes ( ufur- ped likewife by thefe Declarers ) and many other Monar- chicall powers and prerogatives, which to be taken away, were againft naturall reafon , and are incidents fo infepa- rable, that they cannot be taken away by Parliament ■: To which may be added the authority of a more modern Author, who ufes to be of the moft powerfull opinion, . . Mr. Martin, who faies, that the Parliament it filf hath p#17% " n c: rot (IJ6) not in his humble opinion, authority enough to erect another authority equallto itfelf^ And thefe ambitious men, who would impioully grafp the Soveraign power into their hands,, may remember the fate which attended that Or- dinance in the time of King Hen. 3. to which that King met* incarcerations perpetu£ computus eft confentire^ and by which the care and government of the Kingdom was put into the hands of four and twenty •, how unfpeakable miferies befell the Kingdom thereby, and that in a fhort time,there grew fo great faction and animoilty amongft themfelves, that the major part defired the Ordinance might be repealed, and the King reftored to His juft power • that they who refufed came to miferable ends, and their Families were deftroyed with them, and the Kingdome knew no peace, happineffe, or quiet, till all fubmiflion and acknowledgment, and reparation was made to the King, and that they got moil: reputation, who were moft forward to return to their duty •, So that it is believed, if the King would transfer thefe powers, though many perfons of honour and fortune have been unhappily feduced into this combination ; that in truth no one of thofe would fubmit to bear a part of that in* fupportable burthen, and that none would venture to ad a part in this adminiftration, but fuch whofe names were fcarce heard of, or perfons known before thefe diffra- ctions. If the King mould confent to another of their four Bils, He mould fubvert the whole foundations of govern- ment, and leave Himfelf, Pofterity, and the Kingdome without fecurity, when the fire, that now burns, is ex- tinguifhed, by making Rebellion, the legitimate Child of the Law ; for if what thefe men have done be lawfull and juft, and the grounds upon which they have done it be (*$7) be juftifiable, the like may be done again $ and beddes this, He muft acknowledge and declare all thofe who have ferved Him faithfully, and out of the moft abft ra- fted considerations of Confcience and Honour, to be wicked and guilty men , and fo render thofe glorious perfons, who have payed the full debt they owed to His Majefty and their Country, by looiing their lives in His righteous caufe, and whofe memories muft be kept frefli and pretious to fucceeding ages, infamous after their deaths, by declaring, that they did ill, for the do- ing whereof, and the irreparable prejudice that would accrue thereby to truth, innocence^ honour^ and jujlice^ all the .Empires of the world would be a cheap and vile recompence. Nor can this impoffible demand be made reafonablc by faying, It would be a bafe and d/flonourable thing for Dec!, concer- the Houjes of Parliament being in that condition they are, OPS the |£ ots to have treated under the Gallows, to have treated as Tray tors, their caufe being notjufltfed, nor the Declarations a- gainfl them as Rebels recalled. It would be a much more bafe and diihonourable thing, to renounce the Old and New Teftament, and declare that they are not the word of God-, to cancelland overthrow all the Lawes and Government of the Kingdome •, all which muft be done, before their caufe, or their manner of maintaining their caufe can be juftified : and if that were not perverily blind to their owne intereft, they would know and dif- cerne, that fuch an aft is as pernitious to themfelves, as to truth and reafon, their own fecurity depending on no- thing more, then a provifion, that no others for the time to come, mall do what they have done ; nor can they enjoy any thing, but on the foundation of that Law they have endeavoured to overthrow. T The (138) The King hath often offered an Ad of Oblivion, which will cut down all Gallows, and wipe out all op- probrious tearms, and may make the very memory and mention of Treaibn and Traytors , as penall , as the crimes ought to have been •, they who defire more, aske impoilibilities, and that which would prove their own deftruCtion •, and who ever requires their caufe to be ;u- ftified, can have no reafon for doing it, but becaufe he knows it is not to be juftificd. The end of the third Bill is to difionour thofe of His own Party, whom He hath thought ft to honour - 7 and to eancett thofe AcJs of grace and favour He vouch fafed them j which is againft ail reafon and juftice, for if He had no power to confer thofe Honours, there needs no A£t of Parliament to declare or make them void ; if He had power, there is no reafon, why they mould be leffe Lords upon whom He conferred that honour the laft year, then thofe He (hall create the next : nor is this Pro- portion of the leaft imaginable moment to the peace of the Kingdome, or fecurity of a Treaty ; though it be of no leffe concernment to His Majefty, then the parting with one of the brighteft Flowers in His Crown. The laft Bill is to give the two Houfes power to adjourn, to what place, and at what time they pleafe, which by the Aci of continuance^ they cannot now do, without the King's confent^ though there is no reafon they jhould attribute more to His P erf on in that particular^ then they doe in other ■things, to which His affent is neceffary, and if they do indeed believe , that His Regall power is virtually in them, they may as well do this Ac! without Him, as all the reft they have done. The King in His Meffage of the 1 2 of April, 1^43. ra- ther intimated, then propounded the Adjournment of the. the Parliament to any place twenty miles from London, which the Houfes mould choofe, as the heft expedient He could think of, for His owne and their fecurity from thofe tumultuous Affcmblies which interrupted the free- dome thereofjto which though they returned noAnfwer to His Majefty, yet in their Declaration after that Trea- ty at Oxford, they declared the wonder full inconvenience Col - ord - z vo1 * and unreafonableneffe of that proportion • the inconvenien- ces that would happen to fuch perfons that fl)0uld have occa- fion to attend the Parliament by removing it fo far from the refidencj of the ordinary Courts of^uflice, and the pla- ces where the Records of the Kingdome remaim -, That it would give a tacite confent to that high and dangerous a- Jperjion of awing the Members (f this Parliament, and it would give to§ much countenance to thofe unjufi ajperfons laid to the charge of the City ofLondon,whofe unexampled %eale and fidelity to the true Proteftant Religion, and the Liberty of this Kingdome ( they faid ) i* never to be for- gotten, and that they were wel-affured, that the loyalty of that City to His tjMajefly, and their affec7ions to the Parlia- ment, is fuch, as doth equally if not exceed, any other place or City in the Kingdome ; which reafons being as good now,as they were then 3 the King hath followed but their own opinion in not confenting to this Bill. In a word; All the world cannot reply to His Maje- fties owne Anfwer upon the delivery of thefe four Bils, orjuftifie their proceeding, That when His Majefty de fires a Perfon all Treaty with them for the felling of a peace, they in anfwer Vropofe, the veryfubjecJ matter of the mojl ejfen- ttall part thereof to be firfl granted; and therefore the King moft prudently and magnanimoufly declares, That neither the defire of being freed from this tedious andirk- fome condition of life Hehatb fo long fuffered, nor the ap- T 2 prehenjian (l 4 o) prehenjion of what may befall Him , pall wake Htm change His refolutioft of not consenting to any Act, till the whole peace be concluded 5 for in truth nothing is more evident, then that if He pafte thefe Bils, He neither can be able to rcfufc any thing elfe they mall propofe, for He hath re- ferved no title to any power, nor can have rcafon to do it, for having refigned His choice!!: Regalities, it would be great improvidence to differ with them upon more petty conceflions, and having made all honeft men guil- ty, Hecoflldnotinjufticedeny to refer the punimment of them to thofe, who could bcfl proportion it to the crimes : So that a Treaty could afterwards be to no o- ther end, then to finifh His owne deftru&ion with the greater pomp and folemnity : whereas the end of a Trea- ty is ( and it can have no other ) upon debate to be fatif- fied, That He may lawfully grant what is de fired, That it is for the benefit of His people, that He fh odd grant it, how prejuditiall foever it may fe em to Him f elf and that being granted, Himfelf j\)all fecurely enjoy what is left, how little foever it be, and that His Kmgdome fhall by fuch His con- cefions be intirely pofejfed of peace and quiet • the laft of which cannot be, ( at leaft His Majefty hath great reafon to fufpeft it may not ) without the confent of the Scots, who peremptorily protefl: againft thefe Four Bils, And fay that it is exprefly provided in the 8 Article, That ns> Ceffation nor any Pacification or Agreement for Peace what foever fhall be made by either Kmgdome, or the Ar- mies of either Kingdom* without the mutuall advice and confent of both Kingdomes, or their Committees in that be- half appointed, which is neither Anfwcred, or avoided, by f a y m Si thtt no impartiallman can read that Article of the Dcc j- c " n g r " Treaty, but He mujl needs agree, that it could be meant only Tapers, p.jz. whilfi there was War, and ^Armies on both fides in being ; and (w) md that it mujl efnecefity end, when the War is at an end*, for befides that war is not, nor can be at an end, till there be an Agreement, ( and if it be, why is there io great an Army kept up in the Kingdome ? ) by the fame reafon that Article was fo underftood as it is now urged by the Scots before their comming into the Kingdome, it may be fo underftood after they are gone ; and that the Hou- fes themfelves did underftand itfo 5 in the beginning of January, 1 645. before the Scots Army entred, appears by a Declaration Mr. St.tfohns made at that time in the name of the Houfes ( and printed by Order ) to the City of London at Guild-hall, upon the difcovery of a cunning Plot ( as they faid ) to divide and deftroy the Parla- ment and the City of London, under the notion of peace-, and by engaging them in a Treaty of peace, without the advice and confent of their Brethren of Scotland, which Cunning Hot, ( he faid ) would be contrary to the late Articles folemnly a- greed upon by both Kingdomes , and to the perpetuall dif~ honour of this Nation by breach of their Publique Faith en- gaged therein to that Nation •, fo that the two Houfes ha- ving given their judgment in the point, the King hath 1 great reafon, if He had no other, to have the whole well debated before Him, and the feverall interefts weighed and agreed upon, before He give His confent to any par- ticulars, which will elfe produce more mifchief then His refufing all can poffibly doe. Nor will thefe and their other extravagant and licenti- ous demands be better /uftified, by their undervaluing the Kings prefent power, in their infolent queftion in their late Declaration concerning the Scots Commiilio- ners (which in truth, throughout is but a paraphrafe up- on that Speech of Demetrim to his Companions of the like occupation, Sirs, you know that by this craft we have Fa? s T 3 our (*4*» ohy wealth) what can the King give them 5 but what they have already f It is not out of their duty or good will to Him, that tl cy make any Application to Him, and if they did in- deed believe, that His Majefty could give them nothing, but what they have already, He mould hear no more from them, but they very well know, they have yet no- thing, except He give them more ; and that the man that is robbed and fpoyled of all that He hath, when He hath procured a pardon for, and given a Releafe to the Thieves and Robbers, He hath given them more, then they had before, and that which onely can make, what they had before of benefit and advantage to them ; they know and will feel the judgment upon the wicked man lob 10. i j, in Job^ He hath (wallowed down Riches^ and hefiall vomit »9> »*• them up again y God (hall cafi them out of his belly j Becaufe he hath epprejfed, and hath forfaken the poor, Becauje he hath violently taken away a houfe which he buildednot ; In the fulneffe of his fuffciency he jball be in fir aits : That all their reproachings and revilings with which they Pfal.10j7.18. have triumphed over the Lords Anointed, mufi come mte their Bowels like water ^ and like Oyle into their bones •, And that nothing can reftore and preferve them, but the An- tidotes, and Cordials, and Balme, which the King only can Adminifter ; they know very well, that even the moft unfortunate Kings, that ever have been in England^ could never be deftroyed without their own confent^and that all their power,and ftrength, andfucce(fe (though for a time it may opprefle ) can never fubdue the Crown without its owne being acceffary to its own mine; and the King very well knows, that what He yet fuffers is not through His own default, but by fiich a defection as may determine all the Empires of the world, and that in the C 143) the unfpeakable miferies f which all His good Subjects have undergone ) He is yet innocent ; the confcience whereof hath refreshed Him in all His fufferings , and maketh Him fuperiour to their infolence, contempt and Tyranny, and keeps Him conftant to His Princely and pious resolution -, but that, if by any unhappy confent of His own,fuch an eftablifhment mall be made, as fhallex- pofe Himfelf, His Pofterity and people to mifery, it will lie all upon His own account, and rob Him of that peace of mind, which He now enjoyes and values above all the confederations of the world, well knowing that God requires the fame, and no more of Him, then he did of his fervant tfofhuah^ Only be thou ftrong, and very coura- Icfltuah 1. 7, gious, that thou mayeji obferve to doe according to all the Law which Mo{es my fervant commanded thee, turne not from it to the right hand^ $r to the left, that thou mayefi frojper whither foever thoug&efl. Honeft men and good Chriftians will be kfTe moved with their bold and prefumptuous conclufion , which they have learned from their new Confederates the Turkes, That God himfelf hath given his Verdict on their DccI. concern fides, in their fucceffes^ not unlike the Logick ufed by in z ScCom. Dionyfitis^ who becaufe he had a good gale of wind at p ' 7 °' Sea, after ne had facked the Temple of Proferpne, con- cluded, That the mmortall Gods favoured Sacriledge. It is very true, they have been the inftruments of- Gods heavy judgments upon a moil: finfull people, in very wonderfull fuccerTes, yet if they would believe Sclomon, they would find, There is a time wherein one man rules E j g over another to his own hurt ; and profperity was never yet thought a good argument of mens piety, or being in the right •, and yet if thefe men did enough think of God Almighty, and fenoufly revolve the works of his owne hand (144) hand throughout this Rebellion, and fince they had loo- ked upon themfelves as Conquerours, they would be Co far from thinking that he had given his Verdict on their fide, that they would conclude, that he hath therefore onely fuffcred to profper to this degree, that his owne power and immediate hand might be more cleerlydif- cerned and manifefted in their deftruction, andthatthe caufe might appear to be his own by his mod miracu- lous vindication of it. If Mailer Hambden had been lelTe active and paflionate in the bufineffe of the Militia, which might have pro- ceeded from naturall reafon, and reformation of his un- derstanding, the judgment and Verdict of God would not have been fo vifible as it was in the loofing his life in that very Field, in which he firfb prefumed to execute that Ordinance againft the King. If Sir fobn Hotham had never denied his Majefty en- trance into, and fliut the Gates of Hull againft Him, from which naturall Allegiance , and civJl prudence might have reilrained him, the judgment and Verdict 6f God had been lefTe evident then it was,when after he had wifned, that God would deftroy him and bis po fieri ty if he f roved not faithfull to the Kwg^ at the fame^time that he had planted his Cannon againft him •, he and his Son were miferably executed by the / udgment of thofe, who but by his Treafon could never have been enabled to have exercifed that jurifdiction • and that having it in his power he iliould perfidioufly decline to ferve hisMaje- fty, and afterwards loofe his head for defiring to do ir, when he had no power to perform it. They who remember the affected virulency of Sir A- lexanderCarerv againft the King, and all thofe who ad- hered to him •, and how paflionately he extolled and magnified magnified the per/ury and treachery of a Servant, as if he -had done his dimy to the Kingdome by being falfe to his Mafter the King; and that this man afterwards mould by the treachery of his Servant be betrayed, and lofe his head by their judgments, for whofe fakes he had forfeited it to the King, cannot but think the Verdicl: of God more vifible then if he had contained himfelf with- in the due limits of his obedience, and never fwarved from his Allegiance. To omit infinite other inftances, which the obfcrvation of all men can fupply them with, the Verdict of God had not been fo remarkable and notorious, if the King had prevailed with his Army, and reduced his rebelli- ous Subjeds to their duty, which might naturally have been expedted from the caufe, and the fate that Rebels ufually meet with ; as that after a totail defeat of the King's Forces, and their gaining all the power into their hands, they could poffibly propofe to themfelves, they mould not only be in more perplexity and trouble, then when they had a povvcrfull Army to contend with, but in more infecurity and danger, then d they had been o- vercome by that Army. That the City of London mould be expofed to all ima- ginable fcorn, contempt and danger, upon the fame Or- dinance of the Militia, by which their pride and fedition principally expofed the Kingdome to the miferies it hath endured •, that the fame Arts and Stratagems of Petiti- ons and Atts of Common Councell with which they affronted the King, and drove Him from them, fhould be applied to their own confufion and mine. That thofe Members who were the principall Contri- vers of our miferies , themoft fevere and uncharitable pcrfecutors of ail,who were not of that opinion, and the V greatefl (i4^) greateft cherifliers of thofe Tumults, which drove the King and all that wifhed well and were faithfull to Him from Weftminfter^ {hould themfelves be perfecuted for their opinions by thofe, whom they had fupportcd, and be driven thence by the fame force ; and as they had to make the King odious to the people againft. their own confciences,caft afperfions on Him of favouring the Re- bellion in Ireland \ fo themfelves to the fame end^ mould be accufed of the ob (trucking the relief of Ireland • ■ fo that to fome of them , that Story of Jrfon^ ( which a Macs. though it be not canonicall Scripture, is yet canonicall Hiftory ") may be literally applied, who flew his own Ci- tizens without mercy, not confidering, that to get the day of them of his own Nation, would be a nioft un- happy day for him, who afterwards flying from City to City, was purfued of all men, hated as a forfaker of the Laws, and being had in abomination, as an open Enemy of his Country and Country-men, was caft out into t#r gypt : Thus he that had driven many out of their Coun- try, perifhed in a ftrange Land, and he that had caft out many unburied, had none to mourn for him, nor any fo- lcmn Funerall at all, nor Sepulcher with his Fathers. Ex.C0Lp.93. That they who told the Isingjhat if He f\) odd per ft ft in the deniallofthe Militia^the dangers anddfiempers of the Kingdome are fnch^ as would endure no longer dday^ but unleffe He would begracioufiy plea fed to afj'ure by thofe Mef- fengcrs^ that He -would fteeddy apply His Royall dffent to the Satisfaction of their former defres^ they fl)ouldbe infor- med for the fafety of His Majefty and the Kingdomes^ to difyofecfthcCMilitia by the authority of both Houfes in ftcch manner as had been propounded^ and they refolved to do a accordingly^ and upon that ground did raife the Re- bellion againit the King, That thefe men iliould be told by (147) by their* own tJWilitia, That they were cleerly convinced Becl. <™<* P»- andfatisfied^ that both their duties andtruft for the Parliar J*" ^ 6 Ar ~ ment and Kingdom, called upon them, and warranted them^ and an imminent necefity inforced them, to make or admit of no longer delates^ hut they fJ)Ouldtake fuch courfes extra- ordinary^ as God jhould enable and dir eel them unto ^ to pit things to a fpeedy ijfue, unleffe by Thurfday next they re- ceived affurance and fecurity to themselves , and the King- dome , that thofe things fiould be granted which they infi- fted on • which were to have feverall Acts patted by the Houfes, fpeedily reverfed, and other A&s formerly re- fufed, to be confented to, all which was done accor- dingly. That their own Army mould rebeil againft them upon the principles of their own Declarations, which (they tell Decl.& Papers them) directed fill to the equitable fenfe of all laws and of the Army, conjlitutions , as di/penfing with the very letter of the p fame^ and being fupreme to it^ when the ftfety and prefer- vation of all is concerned ; andaffuring them that all autho- rity is fundamentally featcd in the office^ and but mini fie- rially in the prfons •, and that it is no reft fling of Magi- jlracy to fide with the jujl principles and law of Nature, and Nations: All which were the very grounds and affertf- ons upon which they raifed and juftified their Rebellion againft the King. Laftly, that this very Declaration which they hoped would prepare the minds and affections of the people with fo much prejudice to his Majefty, that they, would concur with them in any defperate Acl againft Him and His Pofterity, mould fo much incenfe all forts of people againft them, that they are fince looked on, as the moft odious fcum of men, that ever infefted a Nation,- and have loft more by it, then they have ever got by any Vi- ctory, V 2 Thefe (i 4 S) Thefc are the vifible inftanccs of Gods Verdi&in the caufe, fo that if they had ( with all their hypocriticall dif- courfes of Religion ) the leaft fcnfe of Gods favours, or lot u. 14. fear of his judgments, if they had not faid unto him, De- part from us, for we defire not the knowledge of thy waies^ they would before this have felt, that agony of heart, and trembling in their joynts, out of the very fenfe of the hand of God upon them, that they would take no reft, till they caft themfelvcs at his feet whom they have of- fended, and imploy all their faculties towards repayring their gracious Soveraign, and binding up the wounds of their almoft ruined Country. Inftead of which,to make their madncfs as publick and notorious as their Rebellion, they have rcfolved, & pub- Pag. ?, & 6. limed their refolutions to the Kingdome : 1. That they will make no further addrejfe or application to the King. 2 . That no p erf on whatsoever [hall make any, without their leave. 3. That whofoever fhali break this Order fhall in- cur the penalties of High Trtafon. 4. That they will re- ceive no more any Meif age from the K 1 n g, and thai no ■perfonfiall pre fume to bring any Menage from the K-flfc g to them^ or to any other per f on. By the firft and laft of which, they have made and de- clared themfelves no Parliament •, for being called by the King's Writ to Treat with Him, if they will neither fend to Him, or hear from Him, they can be no longer a Parliament. By the fecond, they have taken away from the Sub- jects of the three Kingdomes, that which themfelves ac- knowledge to be their naturall right and liberty, for they fay ( and they fay truly ) in their Declaration of the 6 of Col ord. ol Ma J> 1 6 ^' lhattafrefent their humble defires and Propo- ^^.or ftim to Jits Mayfly ii a liberty mi dent mo thtm, not inly ( I4P") only as Members of Parliament ; but as free-born SubjecJs, yet this freedom is by this Vote taken away. To the third there needs be no more faid then what the Army ( who no doubt will juftifie what they fay ) faid upon this Argument, Net only to be denied the r'ght Ded.& Papers and the liberty to Petition, but withall by a cenfure, no leffe of the Arm y* then capitally to be expofed to a forfeiture of Eft ate, liberty, P ' 3 *' life, and all, for but going to aske what a man conceives to be his due ; and this without ever asking, or hearing what he can fay in his excufe • would carry Jo high a face of in* juftice, opprepon, and tyranny, as is not eafie to be exam- fled in the proceedings of the moft corrupt and arbitrary Courts, towards the meanefi fingle man : And they mall do well to remember their own judgment in their Re- monftrance of the 26 of May, 1642. in thefe words, If the folemn proclaiming a man Traytor f fignifie any thing, it Ex.C0Lp.178i. futs a man, and all thofe that any way aide, aflift, or adhere to him into the fame condition of Tray tors, and draws upon him all the confequences ofTreafon •, and if this may be done by Law, without dueprocejfe of Law, the Subject hath a very poor defence of the Law, and a very [mall, if any pro- portion of Liberty thereby ; and it is as UttlefatisfacJion to a man thatjhall be expo fed to fuch penalties, by that Decla- ration of him to be a Tray tor , to fay, he ft)dll have alegall triall afterwards, as it is to condemn a manfrfi, and trie him afterwards. All the particulars of their Declaration are now exa- mined, and however thefe defperate men may flatter thcmfelves, and how long foever they (hall continue in this their damnable Jpo/lafie ; the prefent age and pofte- rity will believe that in ftead of rendring and making the King appear unworthy of, or unequall to the high Office and charge, to which God hath advanced Him, V 3 they 0*o) they have in truth vindicated Him from all thofe afpcr- tions and blemifhes their malice had caft on Him , and that He appears the moft worthy the great truft He was born to, if He had no other title to it/hen His admirable virtue & perfection : After the boldefl & ftri&eft inqui- fition,that was ever made into the life & manners of any Gentleman j after their examining all the actions,and all the words of his life, & with impious licence, perverting and torturing thofe actions and words with their unrea- fonable glofies, and interpretations • after their break- ing into His Chamber, by corrupting His neereft Ser- vants, and thereby knowing what in any patfion or in- difpofition He hath faid or done ,• After their opening His bread, and examining His moft referved thoughts, by fearching His Cabinets, perufing His Letters, even thofe He had written in cipher to His deareft Confort the Queen^ and His private memorials ; They have not been able to fix a crime or error upon Him^vhich would draw a blufli from the modefteft cheek, nor by all their threats, and all their promifes, to (hake His pious and magnanimous refoiutions •, fo that in truth, their main trouble and vexation is no other, then David heretofore gave Sattl y who, when hefaw that he behaved himfelf very i Sam. 18. i j. wifely , he was afraid of him. But thefe miferable men muft know, that if the King were as unjuft, and as opprefling as they would have Him believed to be, or as the bell of them would be, if he were in His place 9 they have not any title or qualifi- cation to ufe Him as they have done : For if it were law- full for Sub/efts to take up Armes againft their Sove- raign,upon pretence,that He were injurious, and perfor- med not the duty and Office of a King, be/ides the con- fufion, that muft follow, upon their affuming the judg- ment (I50 nient in that cafe, they would have it in their power to refift, and avoid one ofthe greateft and moft immediate judgments which God fends to correct and chaftife a Nation, which hath provoked him to difpleafure : And l ^ XA 9- 4- the Egyptians will give over into the hand of a cruel Lord^ and a, fierce King fhal rule over them,faics God himfelf by the Prophet ifaiah • He that can deftroy a Nation by what judgement he pleafes 5 he that can humble this people by a famine, and deftroy that by a plague, may if he think fit, chufe to doe either by the cruelty and fierceneiTe of a King, T gave thee a King in mine anger •, Hof.13. ». faies the fame Spirit by the Prophet Eofea, Now if it were lawful for us to be angry with that King, who God hath in his anger given us ; or to be fierce againft him, whofe fiercenefle the Lord hath fent as his judgment up- on us, we might eafily elude thofe fentences of his wrath, and drive thofe afflictions from us, by our own courage, without waiting his leifure for our redemption : And it maybe no illreafon of that expreilion in the Prophet Samuel ', that Rebellion is as the fin of Witchcraft, that as men go to Witches, and Witches go to the Devill, to get or difcover fomewhat, which God would not have them get or difcover ; fo they who rebel!, endeavour by the help ofthe Devil, to be too hard for God Almighty, and to avoid by their own skill and activity, a calamity, by which God meant to reclaim them \ 7hewrathcfp WVA $. I4 . a King is as Mejfengers of death -, but a w;fe man will paci- fie ;/•, faies Solomon ; Not, oppoie and reftft, or rebell a- gainft it j and yet the fame Solomon te T s : .is, that wrath is cruelly There is an ingredient of injiiftice; ofunchari- tablenc e, of cruelty in all wrath, and yet the wife man, thehoneft, juft, confeientiousman, thinks of nothing but pacifying it •, gentleneffe, application, and humility fhould mould be ufed to foften and mollifie his wrath •, Indeed, fom uc his due to any wrath; A wife and a charitable man, will take fo much pains to reform and compofe the wrath and diftemper of his Neighbour, of his e- quall ; but there is much more to be done to the wrath of a King ; and Tremelim extends this care of the wife man much further, then fuch a pacifying, and renders this Text, Firfiipiens expiab/t earn, let this wrath be ne- ver fo unjuft,fo unreafonable/o immerited.the wife man, expiabit earn • he will behave himfelf as if the fault were in him, as if he had provoked and incenfed the King to that wrath, he will expiate, he will give fatisfaction by prayer, by fubmiffion, by any facrificc that may pacifie, and be acceptable to the offended Majcfty 5 and by an exact and punctuall performance of what becomes a Subject, convince the King of the errour and miltake of his paflion 5 They who under pretence of innocence and of faultlefneflc, neglect and contemn the anger and dif- pleafure of Princes, are not innocent enough, nor look on Ma/efty with that reverence, which becomes them 5 Solomons wife man will expiate the Kings wrath from what fountain of paffion or prejudice foever it proceeds. It cannotbe denied, thatunjufr, cruell and unmerci- full Princes are great afflictions and judgments upon a people ; yet the calamities under fuch are much more iupportable, then the confufion without any ^ and there- fore God frequently exercifed his peculiar and chofen people, with profane, wicked,and tyrannicall Kings,and refrefhed them again, with pious, and devout, andjuft Princes, but it was a fignall mark of their defolation, Hof. 3. 4. when he declared, that the Children of ifrael jhould abide many dales without a King^ and with out a Prince - 7 3nd it was a furc figne, when they had no King, that they had not 10. 3 . not feared the Lord, and then what fhould a King do to them i If the moft notable Minifters of confnfion, and they who apprehend leaft the effe&s of ir, would but a little confider in their own ftations, the miiery and defolation that muft inevitably attend the breach of Order and fub- jedion in little •, If the Father thought of the impoifibi- lity of living in his own houfe, if his Wife and Children might follow the dictates of their own reafons,and wills, an d appetites, without obferving his rule and directions 5 If the Matter would confider the intolerableneffe of his condition, if his Servants might queftion, difpute, and contemn his commands,and act: positively againft them, they would be the more competent Confiderers of the mifchiefs and miferies that muft befall Kingdomes and Common- wealths ; If Subjects may Rebell againft the power and authority of Princes, whom God hath appointed to governe over them ; There is not one of thefe Declarers, who doth not think he hath a preroga- tive vefted in him by nature • It is the prerogative of the Husband,the Father, the Mafter, not to have his pleafure difputed,by his Wife, his Child,his Servant,whofe piety confifts in obedience-, yet they cannot endure the men- tion of the Kings prerogative, by, and under which, on- ly it is poflible for them to enjoy theirs. It was a wel- wcighed fcoffe, by which Lycurgus convinced him, who defired him to eftablifh a -popular Government in Lacede- mon, Begin ( faid he) frfi to do it in thine own boufe ; and truly though thefe Ephori ( whofe profeflion is to curb the power of Kings ) intended nothing leffe, then to part with the leaft tittle of their own juft authority, They are appealed to, whether they have not felt that power infen- fibly (hrink from them, whilft they have been ambit i- X oufly d54) oufly grafping at that belonged not to them < Is the piety of Children , and the obedience of Servants the fame it was before thefe daies of licence i Hath not God fent the fame defection of reverence, kindneffe, and affe- ctionate inclinations into Families,to the rooting up and extirpating of all poffible joy, and delight in each other, which the heads of thofe Families have cherifhed and countenanced in the State i It may be there would not be a better or an eafier expedient to reduce our felves, and recover that Allegiance we have forfaken, then by fadly waighing and confidering, the effects, and kinds, and fpecies of Gods judgments upon us, fince^we have been guilty of that breach 5 If every Father whofe foule hath been grieved and afTK&ed with the pertinacious un- dutifulneffe of a Child, would believe ( as he hath great reafon to do ) that God hath fent that perverfneffe and obftinacy into his own bowels, to puniili his peremptory difobedience to the Father of the Kingdom, his So vcraign Lord the King ; If every Mafter of a Family, who hath been injured, betrayed and opprefled, by the treachery, infidelity, or perjury of a Servant, would remember how falfe,unfaithfull and forfworn,he hath been to his Mafter the King, and conclude that his Servant was but the Mi- nifter of Gods vengeance upon him, for that tranfgref- fion 5 If the whole Nation would confider the fcorn, contempt and infamy it now endures and fuffers under, with all Nations, Chriftian and Heathen in the known world, and confeffe that God hath fent that heavy judg- ment upon them, for their contempt of him, for whofe fake they were owned and taken notice of for a Nation *} It would not be poffible but we mould bring our felves to that true remorfe of confeience for the ill we have done, that God would be wrought upon to take off the ill (155) ill we have differed, and we could not entertaine a fond hope of injoying the leaft profperity our felves, without rcftoring to the King what hath been rebellioufly taken from Him. They fay, that though they have made thofe refolutions Pag. 37. of making no more applications to the Kinglet they will ufe their utmoft endeavours to fettle the prefent Government as may befl (land with the peace and happinefofthis King- dome. What the prefent Government is, no man under- ftands, and therefore cannot know what that peace and happineffe mail be, which they intend mall accrue to the Kingdome by it ; The little Cabinet of Peers (for the Houfe is fhrunk into that proportion ) hath no fliare in it, as appeares by the giving pofTeffion of the Navy to Rainsborough without their confent, after they had asked it 5 and by their doing many other things of high mo- ment, without fo much as asking their concurrence 5 That it is not in the Commons is as plain by their repea- ling fuch Acts of their owne, and making others, as the Army requires them to doe ; And that the Army is not poffeft of it, needs no other Argument,then the invafion and violation of all the Articles ever made by the Army upon any Surrender, which if the power were in them, would for their own honour have been obferved, fo that the endeavour they promife to ufe to fettle the prefent Government, is to take an effe&uall care, that all Laws and legall Authority may for the prefent be fo fuppref- fed, that there may be no Government at all : And truly it may be in their power for fome time to improve the confufion that is upon us, and to draw on the defolation which attends us ; but to fettle any kind of Govern- ment, which can bring peace, or any degree of happi- nefle to the languiftiing Kingdome, nay which can be X 2 any 6x5*) any fecurity to themfelves and their pofterity, except they fubmit to the good old one, under which they were born, cannot be within their power, nor fink into their reafonable hope : Nothing is more demonftrable, then that they can never eftablilh a peace to the Kingdome, or any fecurity to themfelves, but by reftoringthe juft power to the King, and dutifully fubmitting and joyning themfelves to his protection ; and it is as manifeft, that by that way, they may reftore the Kingdome to peace, and preferve themfelves and Families and Pofterities in full fecurity and honour : The examination and cleering of which two Propositions (hall conclude this difcourfe. The reverence and fuperftition which the people gene- rally paid to the name and authority of Parliament, and by which they have been cozened into the mifcrable condition they now are in, is fo worn out, that without captivating their reafons any longer to it as a Coiincell, they plainly difcern, the ambition, weaknefle, vanity, malice, and ftupidity of the particular Members, of whom it is, and of whom it ought not to be constituted, and eafily conclude, that as they have robbed them of the moft happy and plentifull condition any free- man of the world ever enjoyed, fo they can never be inftruments of any kind of peace and fecurity to them ; and that as they have upon the matter diffolved the nobleft ftru- #ure, and frame of government, in Church and State, that hath been at any time in theChriftian world 5 fo that they are too much tranfportcd with paflion and guilt, and of too little intereft, experience and undemanding, to devife and fettle a new form, or to mend any defects in the old : Befides that, they plainly difcern that they are not the Minifters of their Country for whom they were choten and deputed, but for the Army, whofe di- ctates- d57) dates they are obliged and forced to follow, fo that if their inclinations were good,they have not power to exe- cute accordingly : And are like the Eagle inEfdras y whe& t Efdr. u.ia, the voice went net out of her head y but from the mid/l of her body. The mutuall confidence between them and their Ar- my is totally diffolved,it being not poflible for the Hou- fes ever to repofe truft in any Army, for they can never believe any Army to be more at their devotion , then they had reafon to think that under Sir Thomas Fairfax 5 nor for the Army to pay a full fubmiflion to the Hou- fes, for, admitting that Party which is moft powerfull in the Army, for the prefent, is of the famemind and o- pinion with that Party which is moft powerfull in the Hjufes, yet being both ftill Rivals for the Soveraigne power, they can never intirely truft, or intirely fubmit to each other; Though the Houfes mould confift of none but fuch who were glad at that time, that the King was taken from Holmby, and that the Army did not disband, yet they will alwaies remember, that the one was done without their Order or confent, and that the Army may do the like again when they think fit, and when it may not turn fo much to their advantage 5 And that they did not onely not disband at that time, but have declared by their folemn Engagement of the Army, 5 of June, That they will not Disband^ ner divide^ nor futfer them- Decl.& Papers felves to be divided or disbanded^ till they have prft fecu- of the Army, nty and fat is faction in thofe things they have de fired , in p " 2 fuch manner as ft all be agreed upon by a C ounce 11, to confifi of thofe general! officers of the Army ( who have concurred with the Army in what they have done, and what they have demanded) with two Commiflien officers^ andtwo Soldiers to be chofenfor each Regiment, who hav€ concurred, and X 3 fhall (158) pall concur with them in the premifes and in this Agree- ment 5 fo that it is evident that the Army will be gover- ned, and difpofed of only by themfelves, for which they have very great reafon, and without which indeed they can have no fecurity , for how complying foever the Houfes are for the prefent, the Souldiers cannot forget, that they were once declared Traytors but for preparing a Petition, and they wifely obferve, that what was done, may be done again ; and by the demurs which have been Up.140,141. made concerning the fafety and immunity of the Spea- kers and thofe faith full Members who were driven away by violence, and the immunity of the Army in advancing to London j ( notwithftanding the publick acknowledg- ment and thankfgiving to God for it ) They difcern that they are only fafe, by the want of power in the Houfes of what party foever they confift, the ambition, injuftice, and tyranny of both being equall. The Army have already fully declared againft their late Votes and refolutions, and therefore it muft be pre- fumedthey will never concur, or contribute to the fup- porting them : The Generall himfelf in his Letter of the 6 of June, from Cambridge, to the Speaker, tells him, Dccl. and Pa- That as it is his mojl earneft and humble defire, fo he found pas of the Ar- ft t $ y e the unanimous de fire and ftudy of the ^Army, that a firm peace in this Kingdome may befetled, and the Liber- ties of the people cleared and fecured, according to the ma- ny Declarations by which they were invited and induced to ingage in the late War 5 And in the Declaration and re- prefentation from the Generall and the whole Army of the 14 of fane to the Parliament, they tell them plainly and honeftly, That they were not a meer mercenary Army, Decl.& Papers hired to Jerve any Arbitrary power of State, but called forth o( che t Army> and conjured by thefeverall Declarations .of Parliament to the the defence of their owne^ and the peoples juH Rights and Liberties j andfo they take up Armes in judgment and Con- fcience to thofe ends, and have fo continued them^ and are refolvcd ace or ding to the frfi jufi defires in their Declara- tions, and fuch principles as they had received from their frequent Informations, and their own Common fen fe con- cerning thofe fundament all Rights and Liberties ; and to ajfent and vindicate the jufi power and rights of this King- dome in Parliament for thofe common ends premifed^ a- gainft all Arbitrary power ^ violence, and opprepon, anda- gainft all particular parties or inter ejls whatfoever : And in their Remonftrance of the 23 oftfune from S. Albons\ they fay, That the Kingdom calls upon them not to disband^ ib.p.^3. till they fee the Rights^ Liberties, and Peace of the King- dome fetled, according to the many Declarations^ by which they were frfi called forth ', and invited to ingage in the late War. Now what thofe ends, defires, and principles were in their Declarations, are fet forth before, and known to all men, who have or will read their Declar: to be no other then the maintenance of the true Protejlant Religion, the Ex.CoI.p.i8i Kings jufi Prerogative ,. the Lawes and Liberties of the Land^ and the Priviledges of Parliament, in which endea- vours (they faid; they would fiill per fifi though they jhould perifh in the work . And they were fo far from avowing, that they would not fend to, or hear from the King, or not fuffer His Majefty to come to them, that they de- clare, that as they never gave Him any juH caufe of with- drawing Himfelf from His great Councell^ fo it had ever ]b.j88. been^ and jhould ever be far from them to give any impedi- ment to His return • And Ml their Declaration in Anfwer to the Kings, after the Battle at Edghdl, concern ng the allegations, that the Army raifed by the Parliament was to (i6o) to murther and depofe the King, they fay, They hoped the Contrivers of that Declaration, or any that prof e^fed but the name of a Chriftian^ could net have jo little charity as to raifc fuch a fcandall^ efpecially when they mufi needs know the Protejlation taken by every Member of both Hou- fes, whereby they prom, fe in the presence of Almighty God to defend His Majefties P erf on : And by that Protefta- tionofthe 22 of Ocleber^ 1642. (rcmembrcd before) they declare in the pretence of Almighty God, to this Kingdome and Nation, and to the whole world, That no private pafion or refpecl, no evill intention to His CUaje- fiies Perfon^ %no defigne to the prejud.ee of His jufl Honour and Authority engaged them to raife Forces^ and to take up Armes ; So that thefe being the defires, ends, and prin- ciples in their Declarations, by which the Army was in- vited to mgage in this War, they will not fufrer them- felves to be betrayed into a perpetuall ab/uring their Al- legiance, or to be made inftruments for the deftrudion orall they were ingaged to defend, but they will difcern, that as they may beexcufed for having upon fuch fpe- cious profefllons been milled by thofe,- whom they might reafonably believe, ( which harh been the cafe of many honeft men ) (o after fo palpable a difcovery of their wicked purpofes, they can only recover and pre- ferve their innocence and credit by abhorring thofe, who having engaged them to honeft publick ends, would now corrupt them to facrifice their bodies and fouls to their own private lufts, malice, and ambitions : And they cannot forget, that true acknowledgment of the Lords and Commons in their Petition of the \/\oiT>e~ amber ^ 1641. to the King, in which they fay, they ac- knowledge His Roy all favour and protection to be a great blefing and fecurity to them for the injoying and prefer- ving fat) ving of all thofe publique and private Liberties andVrtvi- ledges^ which belong unto them. If the people could be fo mad 5 if their fear, or their folly prevailed over them to fubmit to fuch a fetlement, as thefe Declarers would devife for them, there are not ten of them, whofe names are known to the Kingdome, who do know and are agreed what kind of Government they would eftablifh in Church or State • Their feares and jealoufies with which they delighted themfelves, are now grown reail difeafes, and take away their deep from them; fo that fetting afide the peace of Conscience, which they contend not for, there is not a man amongft them injoyes that affurance of outward Security, as the poor Cavalier does, whom they have robbed and fpoy- led of all that he hath, upon whom all their pride and plenty looks even with an envy and reverence ^ Is not the Ezek.8. $. feat of the Image offealoujie, which provoketh to jcaloufie ( as it was in E^ekiel's Virion ) in the gate that looketh to- ward the North ? and do they not every day look to be deftroyed by thofe, by whofe affiftance, they have been inabled almoft to deftroy their Country < They have not a foundation of credit to be trufted or believed at home or abroad, but not only having broken all obligations divine and humane, but publiihing fuch a contempt of thofe obligations, that they are not hence- forth capable of any truft ; for how can they be believed upon Oaths ( which are the moft folemn bonds between men , when they are lawfully entred into ) when they make gloffes & interpretations upon them to ferve rhen- iums, directly contrary to the letter and words of the Oath? and , if they cannot evade them that way, call them ^Almanacks of the loft year, andfo out of date to di- M reel them < when they with whom they have entred into r ' ] Y Treaties, 082) Treaties, and the moft faft League could bedevifed,and to whom they have obliged themfelves, never to tranf- a& any matter of publique concernment to the King- dome without their concurrence, fhall be told) after they Dec), corccr- have raifed them to the pitch they are now at ) that they mng the Scots ^ avg not )j tri g t0 ^ to ajfent, or dfent, atte/l or frotefl con- cerning any thing they fiall think fit to eflablfh in this Kingdeme, either for the Government of Church or St Ate ? Mart, indc; Nay, when they imall be told, that it is no more manners P-7. in them to freffe their advice and inftfi upon it, then it would be m the fame number of Spaniards, Indians, or the moft remote Region of the earth • and that fo long, as they needed their afiftance, they might have occafien to give them meetings now and then, whereas now fine e they are able to protecl themfelves, they may furely befufficient to teach themfelves to go about their own bufineffe ? It will be neceffary to adde, that in all their tranfa&i- ons at home, to which they have applied the Publique Faith, they have not only not performed the contracts they have made , but refolved at the time when they made them, not to obferve them, as appears by the Or- der of the 2 fane, 1646. by which the Houfe of Com- Col.ord. i vol. mons refolved, That all prfons that have or fhall come p. 889. and re fide in the Parliament Quarters, Jhall take the Na- tional! League and Covenant, and the Negative Oath, not- withftanding any Articles that have been or fhall be made by the Souldiery : And fo they did not only break the Ar- ticles formerly made upon the Surrender of Exeter and other places, but by vertue of this Order, which could not be known 10 the perfons concerned, they evaded thofe made afterwards upon the Surrender of Oxford, which were confirmed by themfelves •, of which a prin- cipall Article was, that no man Jheuld be compelled t$ take any OS*) any Oath during the time he was allowed to ft ay in London, sr at his own Houfe^ or where he pleafed, which was for the /pace of Six Months after the Surrender. As upon thefe, and infinite other reafons, the affe&i- ons and hearts of the people, are quite aliened from the Parliament, fo they are with an equall vigour recovered and converted to the King, and a full reverence to His facredPerfon ('the want of which may be held juftlythe primary caufe of all our evils, and the advancement of all our diftraclions ) and an ample acknowledgment of His Princely wifdome,and unparalleld conftancy is con- feffed to be due to Him 5 And by His truly magnani- mous carriage during the time of His Reftraint, when all perfons have been removed from Him, who are either inclined to His Perfon, or Rights, out of their duty and Allegiance, or to His opinions out of judgment and un- derftanding ^ by His unfhaken conftancy, in not being moved from His great principles, with all their promi- fes,and all their threats fucceflively adminiftred to Him 5 by the fharpnefTe and fteddineffe of His underftanding, with which upon all occafions,and in all difcourfes with the Commimoners, who attended Him, He hath de- monftrated the impiety in point of Religion ; the inju- Mce in point of Law •, the unreafonablcneffe in point of Policy, even in relation to themfelves, of all that they have propofed to Him in order to Peace, with fuch a clcarneflfe of judgment, and fuch a candidneflfe of nature, that fome of their own Minifters, not of the fofteftand gentleft conftitutions, have been forced to their difad- vantage, to publifh His wonderfull abilities : All men acknowledge that whatfoever hath been wifely (aid, or profperourfy done throughout the managery of hisgreat Affairs, hath proceeded from His own virtue and con- Y2 dua 5 (i8 4 ) duct-, and that all the ill SuccefTes , and overfights, which have preceded and caufed thofe ill fuccefles, were the effects or the unadvifedneffe, unskilfulneiTe, and paf- fion of His Counfellours and Minifters. And that the Kings great virtue had, and would have this great influence upon the people, the Army well knew, when ( to indear and ingratiate themfelves after the.taking His Majefty from Holmby } they declared in their Remonftrance of the 2 ? of June from St. ^yilbons, Decl.& Papers That whereas there had been fcandalom informations pre- of the Army, fated to the Heufes, and induflrioufly publifhed in print, importing as if His CMajefty were kept as a Prifoner a- mengH them, and barbarously and uncivilly nfed, they (aid they could not but declare, that the fame, and all other fug- ge /lions of that fort, weremoft falfe and fcandalem, and abfolutely contrary not only to their declared defires, but alfo to their principles, which are mo ft clearly for a genera 11 right andjuft freedome to all men 5 and therefore upon this tccafion vthey fay 1 they cannot but declare particularly, that they deft re the fame for the King and others of His Party, and they further cleerly prof ejfed, that they did not fee, how there could be an) peace to this Kingdome, frm or la/ling, without a due confideration of, and provifionfor the rights, quiet y and immunity of His (JMa]efties Roy all Family and His Lite partakers ■, And their Generall by his Letter of the 8 ofluly to the Speaker, which was as foon printed lb.p.74; as fent, freely acquainted them, that their Army had made many Addreffes to the King, to defire His Mayflies free concurrence with the Parliament, for eflabl'Jhing and fecuringthe common Rights and Liberties, and felling the peace of the Kingdome -, Andtoafjure Him, that the pub- liqite being fo provided for, withjvch PI is Majefties con- currence, it was fully agreeable to all their principles, and Jhould (i8 5 ) Jhouldbe their deft res and endeavour, That (with and in fuch fetling of the Publique) the Rights of His CMajefties Roy all Family fiould be alfo provided for , fo as a lofting ■peace and agreement might be fetled in this Kingdome ^ And that as they have formerly declared for the fame in generalltermes^ fo ( if things came to a way offctlement) they fhould not be wanting (in their fphears) to own that gc- nerail defire in any particulars ofnaturall or civill right to His Majefties P erf on or Family , which might not prejudice^ or again Manger the Publique : By which gawdy pro- fessions, together with the admimon of fuch Servants and Chaplains to attend His Majefty whom He deflred, and which had been barbaroufly denied by the Houfes ( who were by this time fo fenfible of their error, as they defired His Majefties prefence amongft them upon His own Conditions ) they raifed themfelves to that credit with the Kings party, with the City of London, and uni- verfally with the people, that by this Stratagem onely they grew able and powerfull enough to confine Him to Carisbrooke-Caflle , and to proceed fincc as they have done-, And furely when the Army hath throughly weighed and confidered the huge advantages they have gotten by thofe profeflions and proteftations , and how far they have been from making the fame good to the King, they will not fuffer themfelves to be made a (hi- king Horfe to the vile ends of particular perfons, nor let their Morall Righte'oufne(fe, in which they fo much tri- umph, to grow into a Proverb, for the higheft and moil unworthy Craft, Hypocrifie, and Treachery. It remains now, fince by any endeavours of thefe men, fevei'd from the return to their duty and Allegiance, it is notpoffible for them to eftablilh any peace or happi- neffe to the Kingdome,or fecurity to themfelves, to per- Y. 3 fwadc fwade them that by doing at laft the duty of Chriftians, they may not only preferve their Country, which no bo- dy can doubt , but they may be fuperiour to any diffi- culties and hazard , their guilt fuggefts they mall be liable to. It is yet in their power fo abfolutcly to make the Kings reftoration their own work, that His Majefty may be obliged even in point of gratitude to acknowledge it,and to remember only by whofe fidelity He hath recovered what He had loft, and not by whofe fault He loft it •, and His party, ( who for Confcience fake have loft all ) know that charity is fo fundamentall a duty of a Chriftian, that there is no excufe for the leaft degree of animofity and revenge, let the injuries they have received be never fo great $ and the Kings owne experience of men hath fufficiently informed Him, that as many of good incli- nations have by inadvertency & credulity, been cozened into a combination againft Him, and it may bc,rhe worft of them grown by degrees worfe then they intended to be •, fo all who have fcemed to follow a good caufe, are not good men, but had ends as ill as they, whom they oppofed •, and therefore all mention and memory of for- mer Errors being blotted out, it may be pre fumed He will truft and imploy all His good Subjects, according to their feverall faculties and abilities, without remem- bring how they have been at any time difpofed againft Him ; and they have rcafon to believe that whatfoever His Majefty (hall freely confent to, He will moft religi- oufly obferve, and caufe all others to obferve it ; Let them therefore feafonably enter into a Treaty with His Majefty, attended with fuch of His Counfell as He mall chufe ; and let the fulleft Articles be agreed upon, which may give a mutuall alfurance of fecurity to all perfons and (**7) and intcrefts,to which His Majefty having given His Af- fent in fuch manner as mall be defired, all His Coun- fell and all Minifters of Juftice throughout the King- dome, may be folemnly fworn to thofc Articles ; the which being done, and the fame confirmed by fuch an A& ; and in that manner paffed as they (hall conclude may be valid ; Let this unhappy Parliament be diffol- ved, an intermiflion of Parliament being at this time more neceffary for the vindication of the juftice, and Lawes of the Kingdome, and reftoring a happy peace, then ever a convention of Parliament was for the refor- mation and removing of grievances. ' To conclude, unrcafonabk and unjuft Propositions may continue the War , and the diffractions ; never make a peace, which is nothing, but the liberty to injoy what in / uftice and right is our due ; and as long as the world lafts, that Anfwer of the AmbafTadour from Prt- vemum to the Senate of Rome will be found to be reafon, who when he was asked what peace the Romans might depend upon with them, (becaufe they had been guilty of fome defection) anfwered, Si bonamdederitis, ejr p'-Liv. lis. n, dam^ ejr perpetuam • fi malam, baud diuturnam ; which that wife Senate confeffed to be an honeft Anfwer, and that it was madncfTe to believe any people or private perfon/« ea conditioner cujus eum pceniteat , diutius quam necejfe Jit manfurum : Let us then ( like Englifh men ) make up the breach our felvcs have made, and let not our Country and Pofterity owe their redemption to any forain power ; but let us proftrate our felves at the feet of our abufed Soveraigne, with that hearty acknowledg- ment and teftimony which the King of Tyre fent to So- lomon : Becaufe the Lord bath loved his people, be bath zCton, z. xi, made thee King over them ; To a profane, diflblute, and licentious ( 1 88 )• licentious people, he hath given the moft pious and tem- perate King, to recover & reform them by his example 5 and to a wicked and rebellious people, the moft gentle and mercifull King to preferve them by his goodneffe $ Hcb.10.26z7. But, if tbey fin wilfully after that they have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more facrifice for fins > hut a certain fear full looking for of judgment , and fiery indignation^ which jhall devowre the Adverfaries, Micah 7.4. The heft of them is as a Bryer : the moft upright is [har- per then a Thorn-hedge : the day of thy Watch-men and thy vifttationcometh ^ now Jhall be their perplexity. Ezekiel 23. v. 5,9. And Aholah played the Harlot when jhe was mine, and [he doted on her Lovers^ on the Affyrians her Neighbours. Wherefore I have delivered her into the hands of her Lovers, into the hand of the ^siffyriws, upon whom jhe doted. The End. -«C