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 Dr. Mayhezv's 
 
 TWO 
 
 V. 
 
 Thankfgiving-Difcourfes, 
 
 OBober 25/(6. 1759. 
 
 
 *<; 
 
If 
 
7 
 
 TWO DISCOURSES 
 
 D£l,IV£RSD 
 
 OCTOBER 25ih. 1759. 
 
 BiiMG the Day appointed by Authority to be obf::rved 
 
 A I 
 
 A Dc'.y cf public Thanksgivit^g, 
 
 FOR T H B 
 
 Saccei^s of His Majefty'sArms, 
 
 5!orc particular!/ la tho 
 
 Reduaion of qy E B E C, 
 
 THE 
 
 Capital of CANADA 
 
 With an 
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 SoBtaining a brief Accoant of two fornicr Expeditions agaiafi 
 that City and Countijr, which proved unfucccfsful. 
 
 BY 
 JONATHAN MAY HEW, D.D. 
 
 Paftor of the Weft Church in Boston. 
 ?x>o<x><><xxx>oo<><x><xx><>:x><>cx><x>c<xx>o<x><x>< 
 
 BOSTON', NEPF-ENG LAND: 
 
 I^Hated and Sold by Richard DiiAP«a, in Newbury-Strcct ; 
 Edes ScGiLL, InQucco' Street ; aadTuOMAS & JohmF».sit, 
 |b CorobilJ. 1759. 
 
 
^^J^iJ^^-j^^^-JjmJ^jl^ i^'Ki >< iJ^''SA^Ji^iii-^ iJ^^:.i 'Kjt.t-xt-tAj; 
 
 ADVERriSEMENT. 
 
 SOME things omitted in delivering the fol- 
 lowing difcoiirrcs, on account of tiieir 
 length, are infertcd in this publication. Some 
 confidemble alterations, bcfidcs, have fince 
 been made in the fecond of them, compofed, 
 both in hafte, and while the author was un-' 
 der bodily indifpofition. For which altera- 
 tions, if they fhould happen to be amend- 
 ments, as they were defigned, he concludes, 
 he fhall fall under no blame from any of thofe 
 that heard them, and have fignified their de- 
 fire to fee them publilhed. 
 
 Sr^PJI^Jpif^P? o^ r>^'>'r)^'-><-^^ r)^'>xT'5?'7^ 
 
Discourse T. 
 Of the o;reat Thins^s 
 
 which GOD hath done for us. 
 
 ^i* <!♦ ^1* 4|+ ♦!♦ ;|* i|f .,|f ♦!♦ i|» ♦!♦ *l* ^l» i|f *|f ^ , j* ,|* *!♦ ^ ^|(. v^ 
 
 PSALM CXXVI. Verfe 3d. 
 THE LO RD hath done great Things for us, 
 whereof we are glad, 
 
 ^O comment is necefTary for the expla- 
 nation of thcfe words, which are very 
 plain of themfclvcs : Neither is there 
 need of any preface, or introdu(flion, 
 in order to accommodate them to 
 the prt-fcnc joyful occafion •, fince, it 
 is fuppofed, :hey mult appear, even at firll view, 
 fufHciently adapted to ir. We may therefore imme- 
 di.ireiv adopt them ourf.lves, and apply thc^m to the 
 bufinefs of this day. For the Lord hath, indeed, done 
 great things for us, whereof we arc doubtlefs glad ; 
 having abundant reafon to b^- fo. And, in the lan- 
 guage of the context, well may ** our moudi be now 
 filled with laughter, and our tongue with finging. " 
 A 3 Ix 
 
6 Of the great Things 
 
 * It is propofed, by divine afTiftance, in the firil 
 place, to repreftnc to you thf;ff grcar things which 
 God hath lately done for us, for our land and nation % 
 ind which are the occafioi of our being alTcmblcd 
 together in his hcufc of praife at this time. 
 
 In the next place will be (hown, the propriety pf 
 being glad and rcj(\icing on fuch occafions, and what 
 great reafon we have for it at prefent •, more efpecially 
 on account of that important event, which is tht 
 more particular and immediate occafion of this folem- 
 nity. 
 
 Some needful regulations of opr joy on this occa- 
 fion, will then be fubjoined •, that it may be taught t<? 
 flow in a proper channel, and be agreeable to our 
 character as chrillians, inftead of degenerating into th« 
 mirth of fools. 
 
 And the whole will be clcfed with fuch rcfle<51:ions 
 and exhortations, as the occafion itfelt naturally fug- 
 gefts •, and which may, therefore, be particularly fea- 
 fonabic at this time. 
 
 To return then, it will be proper, in the firft place, 
 
 I. To rcprefent to you thofe great things whicb 
 God hath lately done tor us, f )r our land and nation j 
 and which are the occafion of our being now afTembled 
 together in his houfe of praife. And altho* many of 
 you may, perhaps, have a more accurate knowledget- 
 a jufter coDcption, and a deeper fenfe, of thefe favori 
 pf heaven, than I have myfelf •, yet it will be good for 
 us to talk of them, to revolve them in our minds, and 
 fpcak of the great goodnels of our God to ui, with 
 reference to them. If I do nut inform you of any 
 ** thing, 
 
which GOD bath done for us. 7 
 
 thing, which you knew not before ; yet I may poflTibly 
 revive che remembrance of certain mercies, whichi 
 had flipped the memories of fome ; and contribute 
 towards fixing b«th them, and others, in your minds \ 
 which, it is conceived, will be anfwering a valuable 
 end. For the more thorough, or deeper fcnfe, we 
 have of thele mercies, the more permanent it wil4 
 be i and the more permanent it is, the more lading 
 will be our gratitude to God for them ; and the more 
 lading our gratitude, the more fuitable returns fhaU 
 we make to him •, which will be, in efFe<5t, beft to 
 anfwer the true ends of this folemnity. 
 
 It is propofed, as was intimated before, to enlarge 
 chiefly on that great and happy event, which is the 
 principal, and more immediate occafion, of our pub- 
 lic rejoicing and thankfgivings at this time. My dif^ 
 courfc in the afternoon, will be in a manner confined 
 to this event ; which will alio employ more of our 
 time this morning, than any other particular one. 
 However, it is humbly conceived, there will be no 
 impropriety in taking a little larger compafs, and CX' 
 tending our views, on this occafion, even beyond A- 
 merlca. Accordingly, if you pleafe, we will introduce 
 this interefting affair, the reduction or furrender of the 
 capital city ot Canada, by taking a tranfient view of 
 Tome other of our late military fuccefl^es, which pre- 
 cecded it ; looking back to the principal of thofc, which 
 have come to our knowledge fince the time of our 
 lafl: general and^public thankfgiving ; and connefting 
 thcfe lacsr with former ones, which were taken notice 
 of on that occafion. 
 
 As you may remember, we then faw the war in ge- 
 neral going on prorperoufly on the fide of Great« 
 Britain and her allies. We then faw the enemy driven, 
 with great lols and flaughter, out of his Majcfty's 
 A 4 German 
 
8 Of the great Things 
 
 German dominions. "We chen alio faw fome fuccefs- 
 ful dcfcents made on the coafts ofFrance,tr('m whence 
 we had been threatned, but j lift before, with an inva- 
 fion, as at prefent. We then faw feveral of the ene- 
 my's fortrefles, and one of her valuable fettkments, 
 on the coaft of Africa, reduced ; and fubjeded to the 
 obediqpce of his Britannic Majefty. We then faw his 
 Majtrty*s illuftrious Prufllan Ally, not onJy Handing 
 his ground againft his numerous enemies, but vi6lori- 
 ous in divers inftances -, and, in particular, triumphant 
 over the formidable Ruffian army. We then faw, 
 here in America, the French fortrcfs, ufually called 
 Frontinac, furrended to his Majefty*s arms -, and our 
 troops returning from thence laden with the fpoils of 
 our enemies. We then faw the enemy driven from 
 the rifervSt. Jf hn ; and the adjacent country fccured 
 to his Majtfty ; the whole Peninfula of Nova-Scotia 
 having been before reikiced, and well garrifoned by 
 our troops. We then faw the Britifli colours on the 
 walls of Louifb' urg ; and the iQands of Cape- Breton 
 and St. John, in our pofltflTion. We then faw the 
 trade of the enemy greatly diftrcffed ; and her mari- 
 time power much leffened : We faw the ports of Great- 
 Britain and her colonies, filled with the merchant- 
 men of France, and her private fliips of war -, while 
 the ports of the enemy were moflly blocked up. 
 We then law the arm.cd vcfTcls cf France on lake On- 
 tarK>, burnt ; and no inconfiderable part of I er royal 
 navy, taken, funk, or otherwife deftroyed. In fine, 
 we then faw the commerce of the enemy, to appear- 
 ance, almoll ruined •, her councils difconcerted, and 
 her coffers low : the councils of Great- Britain firm 
 and fteady ; her trade in a flourifhing condition -, and 
 her fleets triumphant en every fea, where the Britilh 
 flag made its appearance. 
 
 It 
 
which GOD hath done for us. g 
 
 It wasjiKiged not amifs jiift to hint at thefe former 
 fucccflrs, with which heaven had favoured the Britifh 
 arms, before we came to thofe later ones, which fall 
 within the period mentioned above ; and which are 
 now to be fpoken of. Only it is to be obfervcd, that 
 as this difcourfe is not defigned for an hiftory, much 
 jcfs for a journal, of fieges, voyages, and campaigns ; 
 fo it muft not be expefted, that I fhould be minutely 
 circumftantiaj •, but only fpeak of the great things 
 which God has done for us, in a fummary, general 
 way ; which, it is conceived, is the only one that- is 
 proper for this place and occafion. 
 
 As things looked with a favourable and promifing 
 afpeft, where we left off above ; fo it mud be acknow- 
 ledged with all gratitude, that God has not difappoin- 
 ted the hopes, which thofe Imiles of his providence had 
 raifed in us. The war has gone on with great and 
 remarkable fucccTs, on the part of Great Britain, ever 
 fincc, as well as for Tome time before, our laft general 
 thankfgiving ; * which is now almoft a year. God 
 has done many confiderable, and feme great things 
 for us, in this time ; while our lofles and difadvan- 
 tJges have, comparatively fpeaking, been few and fmall. 
 
 Since the period kft referred to, we have had au- 
 thentic advices fiom the Eaft-Indies, of an advantage 
 gained there over the enemy's fleet in an engage- 
 ment, the confequence of which was the utter li>fs of 
 feveral of their capiral flVips. And altho', about the 
 fame lime, the enemy obtained an ad.vantage by land, 
 in thofe parts ; yet there is great reafon to hope, 
 that by means of the fuccours foon after received there, 
 whatever lofs we fufliined is at leaft retrieved, if not 
 -more than reprieved ; whereas that of the enemy 
 could not be (o. 
 
 But 
 * November :j. 175S. 
 
10 Of the great Thi?igs 
 
 But leaving thofe dilUnt parts, the fituation of our 
 affairs in which, we have lefs certainty of, let us come 
 to Europe •, and take a curlory view of it there. 
 
 At the opening of the prefent feafon for the de- 
 ftru<5livc bufinefs of war, the French King thought 
 proper to fend a prodigious army intoGermany. 1 his, 
 in conjunction with other troops in thofe parts, wai 
 deftin*d to ravage hisMajefty's Hanovetian domini-* 
 ons ; and, in (hort, to conquer, and take poficfTion 
 thereof, for his Moft Chriftian Majefty : Who, if he 
 refemble his immediate Predeceflbr, of fuch famous 
 memory for difturbing and plundering his neighbours, 
 can no more be fatisfied, either with conquered, or fto- 
 len provinces and countries, than " he that loveth 
 " lilver can be fatisfied with filver, or he that loveth 
 *' abundance, with incrcafe.** Whole GreatnefSy in its 
 pature and rife, was not very different from that of 
 the great Chaldean Monarch, thus characterized in far 
 cfed writ : " He is a proud man, neither keepeth at 
 •' home, who enhrgeth his defire as hell, and is as 
 •' death, and cannot be fatisfied •, but gathcreth unto 
 *' him all nations, and heaping unto him all people. — » 
 " Wo to him that increafeth that which is not his f 
 *' How long ? — Bccaufc thou haft fpoiled many na- 
 " tions, all the remnant of the people fhall fpoil thee v 
 ** becaufe of men's blood, and for the violence of the 
 •* land — " |] 
 
 But not to digrefs : This defign of his Moft Chri- 
 ftian Majefty uponHanover, had almoft fuccceded, and 
 taken effect j lo that all the friends to the liberties of 
 Europe, who are of courfe enemies to the ambitious 
 views of France, ftood aghaft, as it -were ; and trem- 
 bled for the confequence of a general battle, which was 
 now unavoidable ; the army oh which, under God, 
 
 ■■ Habak, 11, <r, — 8. 
 
which GOD hath done for us» i \ 
 
 the fal ration of that country depended, being inferior 
 in number, at lead by one half, to the united forces of 
 that, which flood ready to devour her to the very 
 heart, having before fcarcc half gorged itfelf with her 
 exterior, and Icfs cfTential parts. In this critical and 
 memorable jundture, it pleafed God to infpire Prince 
 Ferdinand with fuch wifdom and magnanimity, and 
 his comparatively fmall army of Britifh and Hanove- 
 rian troops, with fuch invincible bravery and ardor, 
 4S not only to maintain their ground, but to gain a 
 compleat viflory. This prodigious army they entire- 
 ly routed, not without great (laughter •, took their ar- 
 tillery, magazines, &c. purlucd them to the Wcfer, 
 and into it ; where thoufands of them pcrifhed in the 
 waters, as the proud Pharaoh and his hod perifhed in 
 tlie Red Sea. And altho' there were nothing preter- 
 natural in this cafe, as in the other ; yet it feems, up- 
 on the whole, to have been a remarkable interpofition 
 of providence : So that Prince Ferdinand, who is as 
 much renowned for his piety, as for his great military 
 virtues, might on this occafion have adopted, with 
 great propriety, the fong of Mofcs, on that alluded to 
 above, — •*• I will fmg unto the Lord, for he hath 
 triumphed glorioufly •, the horfe and his rider hath he 
 thrown into the fea. — Pharaoh's chariots and his hofl 
 —his chofen captains alfo, are drowr^d in the Red 
 Sea. The depths have covered them •, they fank into 
 the bottom as a (lone. Tiiy right hand, O Lord, i) 
 become glorious in po\ver ', thy right hand, O Lord, 
 hath dafhed in pieces the enemy.** There is another 
 facred fong, which ail his Majefty's Hanoverian fub- 
 jec5ts might, with peculiar propriety adopt, on occafion 
 of this memorable deliverance from impending ruin, 
 *!—'' If it had not been the Lord who was on our fide, 
 ftow may Hanover fay -, if it had not been the Lord 
 who was on our fide, when men rofe up againft us ; 
 
 then 
 
J 2 Of the great Things 
 
 then they had fwallowed us up quick, when their 
 wrath was kindled againft us. Then the waters had 
 overwhelmcrd us — the proud waters had gone over 
 our foul. Bk4f^d be the Lord, who hath not given 
 us a prey to their teeth. Our PjuI is efcapedas a bird 
 out of the luare of the fowlers -, the fnare is broken, 
 and we are cfcaped. Our help is in the name of the 
 Lord, who made heaven and earth.'* 
 
 <■' 
 But to proceed to fome other matters, which 
 more immediately concern Great Britain and her 
 dependencies, though not cur gracious Sovereign ; 
 whofe hereditary German dominions may naturally 
 and juftly claim a great fhare in his royal care and 
 affe(5tions : The French have been meditating, or 
 at lead pretending to meditate, a defcent upon the 
 ifland of Britain, with a formidable army ; aod again 
 to bring the Pretender on the ftage. Yea, their pre- 
 fumption has talk'd, and vaunted itfelf of a conqucft 
 of thofe kingdoms •, fo that they feem, in their own 
 vain imagination, to have anticipated fo great a tri- 
 umph. And if they have not been in earneft, at lead 
 their preparations for an invafion, have been fo vaft 
 and expenfive, as might naturally make one believe, 
 they were : For it is hardly to be fuppofed, thev would 
 be at fuch a prodigious expeace of labour and money, 
 without any defign to put their threats in execution ; 
 and fo, in tfee event, to make themfelves the jtft of 
 Europe-, which they have lometimes done at a much 
 cheaper rate •, and might doubtlefs have done fo a- 
 gain. But whatever their real intentions might have 
 been by thefe formidable preparations. Great- Britain, 
 on her parr, has bocn attencive to guard againft the 
 worft. Propc r difpofitions have been made on her 
 own coafts f(T the reception of the enemy ; and 
 kt the fame ,time, the ports of France near the Bri- 
 
 tilh 
 
which GOD hath done for us. i 3 
 
 tifh rlinnnci, have been fo well watch'd and guarded by 
 cur fuperior fleets, that the enemy, altho' they had had 
 a fufficient force, and all things in readinefs to make 
 a defcent, have not yet had it in their power to leave 
 their own coalls, without almoft the certain lofs of 
 their whole army and armament, with a great part of 
 their navy. Yea, divine providence has fo favour*d 
 us, that one of the Britilh admirals has had it in his 
 power to enter one of the encmy*s ports, where thefe 
 grand preparatic>ns were making -, and to deftroy a 
 part thereof, with fome of their ftores and magazines, 
 fbme of their fhipping, and even a confiderable part of 
 the city itfelf, near which they were, -f 
 
 Another of our admirals, or at lead part of his 
 fquadron, not long att^-r, approaclied {o near their 
 principal port, * where their chief maritime ftrct)gth 
 was colleded, as to bring off fome of the fliips carry- 
 ing fupplies to them, even from under the fruitlefs fire 
 of their caftles and batteries^ 
 
 But we have very lately had authentic advices of 
 ftill greater importance, n^pedling the good (uccefs of 
 a third Britifh admiral, the fame who commanded the 
 fleet the laft Year at tlie fiege of Louifbourg, ftill frefh 
 in all our memories. For when one of the enemy's 
 fquadrons was about joining their principal fleet, and 
 in a fair way of effecting it, which might have proved 
 of bad confequenre to us, this brave and fucctfsful 
 admiral, you know, opportunely difcovered, at- 
 tacked, and beat it •, taking and deffroying five or 
 fix capital fhips ; the remainder, or at lead the moft 
 of them, being obliged to betake themfelves to a 
 neutral port ; and there reduced, in their extremi- 
 ty, to implore convoy of a neutral power, to fee 
 them fafe back again into their own, || from whence 
 their evil genius had tempted them to depart. But 
 
 in 
 t Havre de Grace, * Brcfl. If Toulon. 
 
2 4 Of the great Things 
 
 in vain ; bekig ftill blocked up by a fuperior force •, fo 
 that we need not wholly delpair of haviiig further ac- 
 counts of them, which may be agreeable to us. 
 
 1 MUST not omit, now 1 am hinting at feme very 
 interefting occurrencies in Europe, relative to the war, 
 to mention the laft advices, wliich we hope may be 
 depended on, refpefling the viftory of his Majefty's 
 great PrufTian ally over the Rufilan army, then with- 
 in a few leagues of his own capital, which Icemcd in 
 imminent danger of falling into the hands of thofe 
 Barbarians. If this advice be not premature, £$ we 
 all hope it is nor, this is a very important event, not 
 only to his PrufTian Majefty, who has now flood as 
 k were on the brink of a irighty precipice, for ieVeral 
 years together ; but alfo to our King, and to Great- 
 Britain, whofe interefts are at prefent fo ckifely con- 
 nefled with thofe of that truly great and illuftrious 
 Monarch. May angels rtill guard him ! or rather He, 
 who " maketh his angels fpirits, and his minirters t 
 fkmc of fire :" who giveth falvation unto kings ; and 
 has hitherto delivered Frederic his fervant from the 
 ;hurtful fword ! 
 
 But if you pleafe, we will now come from Europe 
 to America -, which is coming fliil nearer to ourfelves. 
 .But before I fay any thing of the military operations 
 on the continent, we will caft an eye towards the 
 -American illands. For it is there we are to look for, 
 and there that we may find, one of the great thing* 
 which God has lately done for us. The reduffion of 
 Guadaloupe, with fome of the adjacent iflands, is truly 
 fuch -, and, in fome fenfe the greater, becaofe effefted 
 by fo fmall a force, and under fuch feemingly dif^d- 
 vantageous circumftances. This is nlmoft, and per- 
 haps may prove quite, an irretrievable and irreparabJc 
 
 Jofs, 
 
which GOD hath done for us. 1 5 
 
 /ofs, to that haughty, and all-grafping power which has. 
 incurred it -, a lofs whicli Ihe will much longer ted 
 and mourn, than we did that of the ifland of Minor- 
 ca, at the beginning of the prefent war, during a lefs 
 watchful miniftry than the prefent. And to Great- 
 Britain, this acquifition alone, if maintained, will prO' 
 bably much more than make good all the damage fhe 
 fuitained in the former rcfpedt ; which, if I miftake 
 nor, lime and experience make dill lefs and lefs con- 
 fiderable. 
 
 But while our thoughts arc in that part of the 
 world, where fo valuable and noble an acquifition 
 has been made, by the blefTing of God on the Britifh 
 arms ; while our thoughts are engaged in that part of 
 the world, I fay, and on fo worthy and joyful an oc- 
 cafion ; what is it that dill gives a kind of damp to 
 my Ipirits •, or rather, raifcs my indignation ? While 
 a Britilh fleet rides fattly and quietly in port, do I fee 
 an inferior French one failing, in a kind of triumph, 
 fron) port to po; t, from ifland to ifland, from one 
 month to another ? Do I fee our merchantmen, by 
 fcores, cr hundreds, taken within hearing of the Britifh 
 cannon, if they were but difcharged ? Do I fee theni 
 carried into port, in vaft numbers, even by the ene- 
 my's privateers, from within a few leagues of our fleet, 
 which looks patiently on ? Do I hear our enemies 
 faying, with fccrn and infult, " Where is the boafled 
 " courage of thefc Britons, who vainly pretend to be 
 ** lords of the ocean ? '* And do 1 hear even foma 
 of our friends whifpering, *' that all Britifh comman- 
 " ders have not the fpirit which becomes their charac- 
 *' ter ?" — But perhaps all this is but a reverie : If fo, 
 I will trouble you no longer with my dreams: But 
 even dreams are not always falfe •, and if there fhould 
 happen Co be any thing of reality in this, fuch things 
 
 will 
 
1 6 OJ the great Things 
 
 will doubtlefs be taken prefer notice of by thofr, who 
 want neither the authority, nor the public Tpirit to do it. 
 
 And having thus taken a fhort trip, if I may fo ex- 
 prefs it, to the American iflands •, and feen there, an 
 important acquifition lately made by his Majcfly's 
 troops, under the favour of divine providence-, let us 
 now crofs over to the continent, in the affairs of which 
 we ourfelves are moft immediately concerned. And 
 being arrived here, we will not now needlefly ramble 
 about, backwards and forwards. But felting out from 
 the fouthermoft fcene ofacflion, (I mean, where any 
 thing of great importance has lately been done) which 
 is indeed neareft the parts from whence we laft came, 
 and proceeding thence to the northvvard, tho' the dif- 
 tance is great, thro' a wildernefs, and tho' there are 
 feveral nuble profpefts in the way to detain and de- 
 light us, even in a wildernefs •, yet it will not be 
 long before we arrive at the capital city of Canada, 
 There our chief bulinefs lies : There it will, therefore, 
 be at lead: proper, if not neceffary, to make a longer 
 ftay. And tho' it be a cold climate, I flatter myfdf, 
 we fhall find fomething to warm and cnhven us ; or 
 ii leaft to keep our blood from chilling. 
 
 To begin at the fouthward then : It was not long 
 after our laft general thankfgiving, when we had the 
 little expeded, and therefore the more joyful tydings, 
 that the Britifh troops, even without the trouble of a 
 fiege, were in poffelTion of the French fortrefs on the 
 forks of the Ohio, ufually called fort du Quefne •, but 
 now Pittfburgh, in honor to that great patriot, that 
 wife, honeft, and magnanimous Britifh minifter, dur- 
 ing whofe miniftry, not only this, but all our other 
 fuccefles, worth mentioning, fince the prefent war 
 commenced, have been obtaii>ed. This fortrefs, it 
 
 feemsj 
 
which GOD hath done for us, 17 
 
 fcems, was evacuated by the enemy en t'le near ap- 
 proach of our army. The acquif-kion whereof is of 
 great importance to our fouthern colonics ; not only 
 with reference to the fuvages in thofe parts, who are 
 fince, from enemies become friends ; but alio in ref- 
 pe(5t of that mufl: valuable and very cxtc-nfive country 
 about it •, which, in due time, may probably be peo- 
 pled with Britilh fubjeds. 
 
 And there are one or two circum fiances befide?^ 
 which may juft be mentioned with rtJation hereto 5 
 and which may, perhaps, heighten the j(jy of fome 
 on account of this acq'jifition. One is, that the pre- 
 fent war with France, had its rife more immediately 
 from feme differences rrfpefting this country on the 
 Ohio ; here hoflllities began •, here it was, that the 
 French had the afTurance to fcize, captivate, and mur- 
 der, our traders and others, in a time of peace \ as al- 
 io to fortify on this river. But we have now the 
 fatisfaiflion to refle<5t, that the law of arms at leafl, has 
 decided in our favour one confiderable point contro- 
 verted between the two crowns •, and which was in- 
 deed a principal ground of the prefent war, tho* by 
 no m.eans the only one. 
 
 Another circumflance alluded to above, is, that 
 wc had received leveral repulfes and defeats from the 
 enemy, in endeavouring to regain the pofTefTion of 
 the country we are fpeaking of -, from whence the 
 enemy had, in a time of peace, driven the fubjefts of 
 Great- Britain. The expencc of one of the former 
 expeditions againfl: Du Qudne had been very great, 
 through almofl impradicabU woods and mountains : 
 And at laff, when the Britifh army had in a manner 
 furmounted thefe difficulries, ai.d thought themfelves 
 almofl fure of fucccfs, it was in a fore furprifcd, and 
 
 B put 
 
1 8 Of tie great Things 
 
 put to the rout, by a lurking enemy which it hardly 
 faw •, as even the noble and generous Lion, in pafTing 
 thro' a thicket, may be ftung and p.Vif>n'd to death 
 by a vile infidious ftrpent undiscovered, which one of 
 his paws, or only the flapping of his tail, might have 
 deftroyed in an inflant. Thus it was, that a brave 
 Englifli general f here received his mortal wound 
 from a foe, contemptible every where but in his own 
 native woods and Avamps^ a geneial, whofe valor, 
 zeal, and indefatigable indullry in the fervice of his 
 king and country, cannot be too much commended \ 
 and whofe untimely fall can hardly be too nluch la- 
 mented. 
 
 I MUST confefs, tho' to fome it may perhaps feem 
 a.weaknefs, that thcfe circumftances prececding this 
 acquifition, give an heightening to my own joy on 
 account of it-, tho* it be in itfelf fo important in many 
 refpefts, that 1: could not, even without thefe, fail to 
 rejoice every weli-wilher to his Majefly's Amerkan 
 colonies. 
 
 But having flopped long enough here, confiderlng 
 the time allowed us for our journey ; let us now 
 haflen to the northward, as was proj-^ofed. A very 
 material acquifition has been made this prelent cam- 
 paign, of the fortrefs of Niagara. This was in itfelf 
 a ftrong fort, afid defended by a numerous garrifon : 
 Which is not to be wondered at, confidering the im- 
 portance of it to the enemy. For being fituated be- 
 tween the two Lakes, Erie and Ontario, it commanded 
 the communication between Canada and Louifiana, 
 the MilTifipi, &c. And befides, it was fo fituated as 
 to draw the commerce, and with it the affe^ions, of 
 numerous tribes of favages about thofe lakes j as 
 
 alio 
 t General JJwddoc*. 
 
'which GOD hath do?je for us. 19 
 
 alfo to awe the fix nations, our old friends and allies \ 
 and even to ftagger their friend fhip ; wiiich, as mighc 
 naturally be (iJ[)pofcd, ufiially follows their inte- 
 reft, wherever it leads This important furtrefs is 
 now in our hands -, the Very confiderahie army that 
 had been dedin'd to its relivfj and to raife the ficge, 
 being rcpulfcd with great flau^ht' r, and the garnloa 
 made prifoners of war By which acquifuion, ihc 
 wavering r.ations of the Mohawks, as they are com-* 
 m<;nly calLd, arc fecured in their fidelity and friend- 
 Ihip •, many other tribes of the lavages have become 
 our ufefui allies, inrtead of perfidious enemies ; the 
 French forts and fcttlements at Prefque Ifle and Ve- 
 nango are abandoned \ and^ in Hiort, the whole ex- 
 tent of country between Lake Ontario and i'ittfburgh^ 
 is \th vyith( ut a perf^in who dares to own himlclf our 
 enemy, unlefs we look far to the weflward. It may 
 be added, that by this acquifition, if maintained, even 
 tho' Canada had remai'.ed intire in the pofTefTion of 
 the enemy, would have been effectually cut off, all 
 intercourfe of any confequence octwcen Canada, De- 
 troit, and all the French forts and fcttlements to the 
 fouthward of Lake Erie. So that the e emy on that 
 fide, could have maintainetl their ground only on the 
 MifTifipi, and fome of its remote branches ; where, by 
 reafon of the diftance from us, and the difficulty of 
 the navigation, they could neither give us much dif^ 
 turbance, nor gain much advantage to themklves. 
 And this acquifition, fo important in its nature, it is 
 to be remembered, was made with the lofs of a very 
 fmall number of our troojjs -, tho* not without the 
 Jofs of a brave and excellent general ; * not indeed, 
 killed by the enemy \ but in vulgar phrafei by an ac- 
 cident ; yet fuch an accident as is directed by the 
 providence of God. For if a fparrow does not fall to 
 
 B 2 the 
 
 * Brigadier- Cencral Pildeau». 
 
20 Of the great Ihings 
 
 the ground wkhout our Father, mucli lefs fuch a 
 vvortliy commander j of more value, not only than 
 many fparrows, but than many general officers of 
 an higher rank. 
 
 From the lad mentioned fortrefs to the capiral 
 whither we are bound, the neareft and direfteft courfe 
 is acrols Ontario to Fronriiac, and fo down the river 
 Cataraqui to La Galette, &:c. However, as we have 
 not heard of any thing lately done there, to invite us 
 that way, we will take another route •, which tho' 
 longer, will be much more agreeable to us. 
 
 Let us therefore proceed from Niagara to Lake 
 George ; a confiderable diftance, and moftly through a 
 wilderneis •, but where we may now travel with falt-ty, 
 tho' unarmed •, there being no enemy here to do us 
 any harm. We fee the country all our own, to the 
 latter of thefe lakes ; At the fouthern part of which, 
 a year or two fince, the enemy under general Mont- 
 calm, made themfelves mafters of one of our forts ; 
 ar.d, after the capitulation, and furrender thereof, in- 
 humanly dripped, butchered and fcalped the troops, 
 to v/hom they had folemnly plighted tiicir faith. At 
 which time the city of Albany itfelf trembled for fear ; 
 and fome there were, who hardly thought themfclves 
 lecare, even in this metropolis. How different, how 
 much more pleafing a fcene, is now prefented to our 
 view, if we calt our eyes on that quarter ^ efpecially 
 if we extend our view to the northern part of the luft 
 mentioned lake ? 
 
 We there fee the main body of the enemy who, 
 it feems, the laft year were fo powerful at Ticon- 
 deroga, as to rcpulfe and rout a large army of 15 
 or 165O00 men, not without confiderable (laugh- 
 ter. 
 
which GOD hath done for us, 2 i 
 
 tcr 1 I fay we there fee the main body of the enemy, 
 now retiring precipitately before the conqueror of 
 Louifbourg •, even without dari'^g to wait the near 
 approach of his army. Doubtlcfs che name of Am- 
 herll, tho' with a lefs numerous army than that wl/ich 
 the enemy had fo lately defeated at the fame place, 
 taught them a fudden fear, and Icafonably fuggellid 
 to them, that their only fafcty was in flight. This 
 almofl impregnable ftntrefs is now in our hands, and 
 all the country round Lake George ; f) that b.'tweea 
 that and us, no enemy prefumcs to fet his foot. 
 The value of this acquifition, fo important in itfclf, is 
 in fome meafure inlvinccd by refle<^ting on the expen- 
 five, tho* fruitlefs a[tempts, heretofore made to ob- 
 tain it ; by refleding on the lofs of fo many brave 
 men at that place ; and above all, by rcflcding oa 
 the untimely fall of one of our general officers there, 
 tl>e laft year. The memory of Lord Howe will 
 long be refpec*leil and honoured by every Britifh ful3- 
 je6f, who has any efteem for valor, militiry ficili, 
 publick (pirir, a<ftivity, and unwearied application. 
 His untin-;ely fall, as it were in the firft bloom of 
 manly ag.^, would ^vf^a now demand a tear, v/ere not 
 this a day of rejoicing. 
 
 But let us follo'V ovir wife and extellcnt ge^e'-al at 
 the weftw.ird, trom Lake George to Lake Chi»m- 
 plain. We there alio fee the enemy flyii^g be.* re 
 him ; and leaving him to take a quiet, and irninter- 
 rupted poifeffion of fort Fredcrir, ufually called CroA'a 
 Point. A furtrefs which, tho' n-:: very {Irorg irt 
 itfrlt, has long been a gr.evous eve-fore to thcfe n t- 
 them Britifh colonies, and t''> our allies of the fix * 
 nations, and that v.^ry jjltly *, fince, by irs fituati<m, it 
 enabled the enemy ar an^ time fuddenly to anno; our 
 frontier fettlcmcnts, and afforded the^n a j>l .c (\ 
 B 3 t.v 
 
2 2 Of the great Ihhgs 
 
 qnick and KdSt retreat ; and where they could always 
 fu.-ply their goo i brethren, our favage eocmies, with 
 provifi'jns, cio.i'hing, and wa'like itorts. 1 lis tor- 
 trcfs we now lee in our hands •, or rather, a far tittter 
 and llronger one, lately built there under the dircdior* 
 of general Aiiihrrd. In fliorr, we ffc rht^ whole coun- 
 try tliercdbouts in our pcfTeflion, and Itcured to us ; 
 a communication opened between this lake and our 
 weftern fr.mtiers ; and fettlers invited to come, and 
 take up their habi'ation where, till very lately, it was 
 not fafe for us to fet our feet. This we owe to general 
 Amherft, under providence: Who, according to our 
 latefl: advices, was proceeded ftill farther northward •, 
 where we cannot at prefent follow him -, bi.t may fafe- 
 ly rely on his prudence and magnanimity, under 
 that divine direction which has thus far arterded 
 him \ and humbly hope, he will take no ftep but 
 what wifdpm Ihall dictate, and providence fucceed. 
 
 Some may poffibly think it ftrange, that the laft 
 mentioned general has m.;de no quicker advances 
 ^frer a flying enemy \ but given them time to fortify 
 ^hen^felves towards the northern end of the lake. 
 Bi:t it may be tak n for grante', that he is a tho^ 
 n-ugh mailer of his profelTion •, that he wants not zeal 
 V. his M;jjen"y''s fervice ; and that he has fuflBcient rea- 
 ibns for this part of his condu6c Can any of us 
 pr fume to fav, it was even practicable for him to 
 pake m re hafte, without being in hazard ©f mak- 
 ing t'le worfe fpetd ? Or do we know that this de- 
 Jav was not ch len an^i preferred, upon the foundeft 
 maxilla's of wiidom and good policv ? I am very far 
 frun-i prefuming to be a judge of thtfe matters ; and 
 ni''ch farther from pretending to penetrate the parti- 
 eular views and defig'^s of f > fecret and confummate 
 a comiiiandcr. But might not this delay, fuppofing 
 
 it 
 
which GOD hath done for us. 23 
 
 it not unavoidable, pofTi'oly have been chofen on the 
 following account, — That had the genen'l prefll-d the 
 enemy in tht^ir rctre?r before him, he would, m a forr, 
 have compelled thtm to go to t?,c cipical city, to add 
 great numbers and ftren^th to the great army already 
 tlv re i and hereby, perhaps, have given an opportunity, 
 and enabled the 1, to defeat and overthrow the little 
 Brir.fli army befieging it j before it would have been 
 piflible for him t > join it, which would have truftrated 
 the grand dc^fign. For it would, on account of the nar- 
 rows, or land-carriage in the way, have been feem- 
 ingly impfjfTiblc for this weLtera army to get to the 
 capital, till fome weeks after the flying enemy. But 
 all this is only conjedure. 
 
 And I am now, almofl: before I was aware of It, 
 tho* perhaps after too long a delay, got to the chief 
 fcvine of a^lion -, where ou; moft fignal fuccefs has 
 been ', and where you will allow me to tarry a little! 
 ion^-Ter than at either of tlie former places. I am even 
 ftill almoft " as one that dreameth, " when I think 
 of the furrender of the capital of Canada, which is in 
 etfifft the redufflion of the whole country. For it is 
 morally, if not naturally impoffiblc, that the enemy, 
 having loft this city, which is now in our pofrcflion, 
 fiiould hold out half another campaign, againd a force 
 niucli inferior to that, which his Majefty has already 
 in North- America. Yea, it is almoft cercain, that 
 after takinej the capital, laying wafte the country, 
 burning fo many of the houfcs, taking or dcftroying 
 £) great a part of tl:e ftock, ftores and magazines j 
 it is almoft certain, T fiy, after this, that a great part 
 of the enemy, who iTetend ftill to ftand out, mult 
 either come in, and fubmit to the generous terms of* 
 fercd them, or elfe, before another Ipring, perifli by 
 hunger and yold, with their unhappy wives and 
 B 4 children i 
 
24 Of the great Things 
 
 children ; which God forbid ! But not to anticipate 
 thofe obfcrvations and refledions, for which we Ihall 
 find a fitter place hereafter ; let us now take a nearer, 
 and more attentive view of this truly great and me- 
 morable thing, which God has fo lately done for us, 
 in delivering the capital city of Canada into our hands ; 
 •with fome of the moft material circumftances rela- 
 tive thereto. 
 
 God has remarkably fmil'd upon this great enter- 
 prize from the very firff, till we fee it brought to this 
 hiippy conclufion : From the very firft, I fay ; unlefs 
 we Ihould make an exception as to the enemy's get- 
 ting up the river wiih a confiderable fleet of provifion 
 and ftore iliips, under convoy, while a fquadron of Bri- 
 tifh men of war, deflin'd to prevent any fuch relief and 
 fuccours getting in, lay in port -, fome fay, from necefli- 
 ty. But however that might be, it is not improbable, 
 that if this fleet had actually been intercepted, the re- 
 duction of Quebec might have been effefted much 
 eafier and fooncr than it was •, and the whole country, 
 before this time, brought to a fubmifTion. But not to 
 dwell upon any circumlfance which was If fs in our 
 favour than we could have wifhed ; let us proceed to 
 fome others, which were more fo than wc could have 
 reafonably expeded. 
 
 The navigation of St. Lawrence's river has always, 
 ever fince Sir Hovenden Walker's fruitlefs attempt, 
 wherein feveral fhips were hjff, been reprcfented to 
 US by friends and enemies, as being extreamly difficult 
 and hazardous. However, thro' the favout of Him, 
 whom winds and {t&% obey, our very great fleet of 
 men cf war, of provifion, tranfport and flore-fhips, 
 arrived fafc at Orleans, a little below Quebec, meet- 
 ing with little or nodifafter in the whole voyage. This 
 
 is 
 
which GOD hath done for us. 25 
 
 is very remarkable •, a thing almoft unexampled in fo 
 long a voyage, and with lo large a fleet, even where 
 the navigation is, on all hands, allowed to be far Icfs 
 dilBcult and dangerous, than that of this river. 
 
 It was another favouraole circumftance, that in the 
 very heart of the enemy's country, our little army 
 Ih juld land, with all their provifions, artillery and 
 ftores, and take poiTelTion of the ground, almofb with- 
 out the lofs of a man ; efpecially confidering the lurking, 
 infidious and guileful genius of the enemies they had 
 to deal with, and who were perfeftly acquainted with all 
 the country, fo that it might have been expetfted they 
 would have made fome confiderable advantages hereof. 
 
 A THIRD circumft<ince HvOt unworthy of notice 
 here, is, that after our fleet then at anchor, had been 
 put into fome dilorder by a florm, and, if my memo- 
 ry docs not fail me, before the llt-rm was quite over, 
 the enemy attentive to every incident in their favour, 
 chofe this opportunity to f nd down with a rapid tide, 
 and full gale, a number of l.irge firefii'ps, and rafts on 
 fire; hoping, not without fome probability, by this 
 means to deflroy a confiderable part of the Britifli 
 fleet. But under the favour ot providence, by the 
 wife precaution of the Britifli admiral, and the addrefs, 
 the Angular alertnefs and dexterity of the Britifh fea- 
 men, this threatning mifchief was intirely warded ofi^; 
 and foon became only the fubjeift of their merriment. 
 
 It is further to be thankfully acknowledged, that 
 our great fleet, and little army, have all along been 
 favour'd with remarkable health ; but a very fmall 
 proportion of them having died by ficknefs, or even 
 been fick at all. Whereas had ficknefs prevailed a- 
 mong our troops, even in a degree not uncommon in 
 
 camps. 
 
26 Of the great Things 
 
 camps, it would have redueed that firwll army to fuch 
 an handful of men, as muft in all probability have 
 occafioned the breaking up of the ficge. 
 
 And here I cannot but mention another thing, 
 which, tho* It may feem at firft view quite remote 
 firom the point in hand, has yet a clofe connec^ticn 
 with it. There was probably never knov/i) among 
 us io fruitful a feafon as that lad paft. God hascaufed 
 the earth to yield her increafe in very great abun- 
 ckrjc«; whereby our fleet and army have had a con- 
 ftauE fupply vf fpOi provijion^i v^grtables, &c. To 
 which k IS. in pan deubtkfs owing, thro' the bleffing 
 of God, that our Beet and army h^ve enjoyed fo 
 much health. 
 
 But to proceed to fome other things. Our par- 
 ties that were fcnt out from time to time Po harrafs 
 the enemy, and lay wafte the country, after the terms 
 offered by the general were rejefted, had fo much (uc- 
 cefs therein ; and the city itlelf had been fo far ruin- 
 ed by a long, conftant and fevere bombardment, that 
 neither of chem coulcl, in many years, have retrieved 
 tiiefe damages and I ^ffes, even tho* the fiege had been 
 raifed before the adual reduction of the city. 
 
 I HAVE more than once called this a fiege ; tho* 
 by the way, what was done hardly amounted to (o 
 much as is ufually underftood by a blockade. But 
 call it what you pleafe, it is a wonder that it was not 
 broken up, without effecting the main point: The 
 enemy having encamped, and ftrongly entrenched' 
 thcmillve?, in thrice the nuniber of our fmall army ; 
 and in fo advantageous a place, that it would proba- 
 bly have required even thrice their own great num- 
 bers to force their lines. And after one unfuccefsfuf 
 
 £ttempl 
 
which GOD hath clo7ie for us. 27 
 
 attempt to this end ; when fo much of the feafon was 
 gone i the fecming impradicability of approaching the 
 enemy where they were, and the improbability that 
 thev would ever give up this advantage, or be 
 brought to hazard a general battle on equal ground, 
 notwiihlUndir^g their fuperior numbers-, after all this, 
 I fay, 'tis pn^bablc there are but few generals, who 
 would not hare utterly defpair'd of fucceeding, given 
 up the pc'int, and left the enemy to retrieve, as well 
 as they could, the great damages they had already 
 luflained. 
 
 But it feems the Britlfli general was one of thofe 
 rare military geniufes, which, like the Phoenix, appear 
 but once an age, except perhaps in Great-Britain He 
 was one of thofe, whofe Courage nothing could abate; 
 whofe ardor, regulated by prudence, nothing could 
 damp -, whofe refolution no difficulties, however great, 
 could fliake or alter, fo 1 ng as a pofTibility remained 
 of carrying his defign into execution \ and in fine, 
 one of thoie, whole wildom and addrefs at a critical 
 juncture, were not inferior to his other great military 
 accomplifhments. Thefe great qualities, with which 
 heaven had endovv*d him, and to which heaven feldom 
 feils of giving luccefs, were now all called forth, and 
 difplayed at once, in drawing the numerous enemy 
 from their inaccelTible entrenchm.ents, to a general bat- 
 tle, which he had long defired. 
 
 Behold him there, with his little body of BritiiH 
 troops, himfelf the head to dirccfl, and the foul to ani- 
 mate the whole, if fuch troops needed animation ; 
 the force of Canada moving towards him with flow 
 and lolemn fleps, under a try'd, experienced and ap- 
 proval commander! — Unhappy Montcalm \ courage- 
 ous at leartj if not prudent at this time ! What is it 
 
 . that 
 
2 8 Of the great Things 
 
 that, in an unpropitious hour, tempts thee thus to 
 forego tliofc advantages, which could nor, perhaps, 
 have been forced from thee ? What is it that in- 
 duces thee to put the capital of Canada, and, with it, 
 tiie whole country, upon fo defperate a rifque as the 
 event of the enfuing battle ? Perhaps thou relicft on 
 thy fuperior numbers. But doft thou not know 
 both Britifh troops and French ones better, than to 
 think the latter can (land before the former on evea 
 ground, tho' the difproportion of numbers be fo great ? 
 Is there not fomething elfe of more confequence than 
 ■llumbers, when things are brought to fuch a crifis as 
 the prefent ? Doft thou not know, that God has given 
 men different nerves, finews, arms and hearts ? Doft 
 thou not know, that thofc who fight for a Tyrant, 
 will not fight like free-born Britons ? Perhaps thou 
 thinketh thyfelf again at Ticonderoga — But doft thou 
 not fee, who it is at the head of that little veteran 
 army, by his prefence infufing courage enough into 
 each breaft, to make every man a hero ? Or, perhaps, 
 thou thinkeft thy relicks, thy crofles, and thy faints, 
 either St. Peter, or thy great had)\ whom thou pro- 
 fanely ftileft *' The mother God,** will now befriend, 
 and make thee viilorious. But remember, that little 
 hoft now in array againft thee, worfliip the God that 
 made the heavens, earth, and feas, with all that they 
 contain ; the Lord of hofts is his name I His is the 
 glory and the vidlory ; and know, that the event of 
 this battle fhall be accordingly ! Crofs thyfelf Ipeedily, 
 jf thou thinkeft it will be of any advantage to thee 1 
 Mercy to thy foul, notwithftanding violated faith at 
 Lake George, once St. Sacrament ! But alas \ be af- 
 fured, that yonder gloomy wood on thy right, affords^ 
 «ot laurels, but cyprefs for thy brews ' 
 
 But 
 
which GOD hath done for us, 29 
 
 But rcmonflrances prevail nothing. Behold 1 now 
 the charge begins ! Behold, now the enemy fall, they 
 fly ! Behold the horrid rout, the purfuir, the field 
 covered with the Qain ! Behold, now the enemy re- 
 gain their untimely -forfaken trenches ! See, now they 
 are ftormed, and turned into canals running with a 
 purple tide, till choaked \vi:h tlie dead and dying, fal- 
 len promifcuoufly on one another ! Behold, there tails 
 their valiant Leader I Behold now, the gates or ports 
 of the capital open to receive the vanquifhed and fly- 
 ing i but hiftily fliut again, left the vidorious fhould 
 enter with them, or before them! — In fine! behold 
 this place, renowned for its ftrength, the power and 
 pride of the enemy, againlt which fo many fruitlefs 
 attempts had been made, now furrcndcr'd to his Bri- 
 tannic Majefty, whofe colours, yonder, wave over the 
 devoted city ! 
 
 This, my brethren, is the Lord's doing •, a great 
 thing which he has performed for us, for our country 
 and nation, whereof we arc glad-, and it may juflly 
 be wonderful in our eyes ! That fo fmall a force (hould 
 obtain fo great, compleat, and important a conqueflr, 
 as it were in a moment, with fo little lufsof numbers'oa 
 its own fide', and fo great a one on that of the enemy ! 
 Since the furrender of Quebec, we may, without much 
 prcfumption, look on Canada a? a conquered country. 
 For, as was obfervcd above, according to the ordinary 
 courfe of things, if we keep poffeflion of this capital, 
 to prevent which we know of nothing at prelenr, 
 the inhabitants mull foon be obliged to fubmit to 
 terms, or elfe do what vvill be far worfe tor them- 
 felves, tho' not for us perhaps, the m.itrer being con- 
 fidcred only in a political light. Scarce any thing 
 Ihort of a miracle, can prevt-nt the a'ternarive from 
 taldng place. But we fliall have occafion to fay (^^rw.- 
 
 thjng 
 
30 Of the great Things 
 
 thing more particularly upon this point ih the after^ 
 noon, when we come to confider the importance of 
 this acquifition j and how much reafon wc have to be 
 glad and rejoice, on account of the great thit gs which 
 God has done for us, efpecially in the fignal vidlory wc 
 have been fpeaking of, and the furrendcr of Quebec 
 in confequence of it. 
 
 It may be added here, that as things have turned 
 out, through the good providence of God, almoft 
 the only unfavourable circumflance* worthy of a par- 
 ticular mention here, relative to this great and prof- 
 perous enterprizc, and which was taken notice 
 of above, is produdive of another, different one, 
 which in a great meafure, if not entirely, counter- 
 balanc<?s it. For that fleet, with her convoy, which 
 arrived at Quebec fo opportunely for the enemy, is 
 indifputably and wholly loft to France •, and, not im- 
 probably, before this time in our own polTefnon. 
 Which is a thing of no trivial confu^eration in itielf, 
 tho' it may feem fucb in Gomparifon of the reduc- 
 tion of this capital. 
 
 And thus I have, as fully and particularly as waS 
 convenient, or at leaff, as the time would allow, re- 
 minded you of the great things, which the Lord hath 
 late}y done for us. The other parts of my defign, as 
 exprefTed in the beginning of this difcourfe, will, by 
 divine permiffion and afiillance, be prufecuted in the 
 afternoon. 
 
 In the mean time, let us be glad in theLord,and re- 
 joice greatly in theGod of ourfalvation. Tho' he feem- 
 ed, more than once, to have " cafl us off, and did not 
 go out with our armies, " when the redudlion of this 
 fame capital and country v/as meditated and attempted; 
 
 h$ 
 
which GOD hath done for us. 3 1 
 
 he has now returned to us in mercy. He has at length 
 Jed us fuccef^fully into this American Edomy and 
 ** brought us into the ftrong city." He has at length, 
 in a great meafurc, " given us help from trouble, 
 *' when the heip of man was vain ; Thro' him we 
 ** have now done valiantly •, for he it is that hath 
 *' tread down our enemies." ^ Some of vou may 
 pofTibly remember, it was on this paflage of fcripture 
 that I difcourfcd the laft day of general prayer and 
 fading amongft us, ij which wss to implore the gui- 
 dance of heavea in, and a blefTing upon, our mi- 
 litary dciigns and undertakings this prefent year, par- 
 ticularly againft our Canadian enemies. And I now 
 moft heartily congratulate you, my brethren, and blefs 
 the great, the everiafling God, who " doeth his will 
 in the armies "f heaven, and amongft the inhabitants 
 of the earth, " before whom " all nations are as the 
 fmall duft of theballaace," that he has not rejefted the 
 common, united pr^ver of his people, nor fmflrated the 
 ftrong hopes which were exprefled at that iime,thac we 
 fhould " fee our defire on our enemies ;" on tncfe our 
 ancient, cruel and perfidious enemies, who have fo long 
 dealt moft ire-ctieroufly and unrighteoufly svith us, 
 and who meditated ftill greater mifcliiel" againfl us ; 
 even our utter extirpation and ruin ! By which condu(5t 
 in times paft, they muft doubtlefs have highly pro- 
 voked righteous heaven againfl them. " Moiiy a time 
 " have they afHi(5trd us from our youth : Many a 
 " time have they afflidicd us from our youth -, yet 
 '* they have not prevailed againft us. For the Lord 
 " is righteous." — *' The Lord is in his holy temple ; 
 " the Lord's throne is in heaven : his eyes behold, 
 *' his eyelids try the children of men." He who, 
 from heaven his dwelling place has ke.n our afl^.iftions, 
 and many fufFcrings, has from thence alfo heard our 
 
 prayers, 
 t Pldlra LX. 9, — 12. I, June 1759. 
 
3 2 Of the great Things^ &^c, 
 
 prayers, and fcnt deliverance to his fervants that hoped 
 in his mercy. Our cries, and the cry of fo much 
 blood, unrighteouny and inhumanly (hed •, the blood 
 of helplefs women, tender children, and infants at the 
 bread ; — thtfe cries have doubtlcfs been loud enough 
 to be heard trom the depths of earth to the higheft 
 heaven, where they have entred into the ears ol the 
 Lord of Sabbaoth -, and have, through *' the blood of 
 the covenant, " had their cffe(5t : For " the Lord 
 trieth the righteous : BUT THE WICKED, AND 
 KIM THAT LOVETH VIOLENCE HIS SOUL 
 HATETH ! " 
 
 The End of the firft Difcourfc. 
 
 5^'' I '"HE apoftrophe beginning page 27, where Gen. Moat' 
 X calm is brought upon the itagc, was forni'd upon the 
 conception which the author then had, of the Gtuation of the two 
 armies, and what happen'd on that memorable day : But whether 
 that conception were ftridly ju(t or not, he cannot fay, reports 
 having been fo various. If any apology is needed on account of 
 what relates to General Montcalm at the clofe of this apoftro- 
 phe, he obfervcs, That tho' the dead are not to be inhumanly 
 infulted ; yet as it is hardly fuppofeable that the perfidious and 
 horrid raH/iacre ofoar troops at Fort William Henry, could have 
 happened without the connivance of the French General, or that 
 he coald not have prevented it, ( which is not the firfl inftancc 
 of their cruel perfidy ) it was thought fuch an hint at that tragi- 
 cal affair, was no ways improper : At leaft, that it could not 
 be juftiy looked upon as proceeding from inhumanity, as it is 
 guarded ; cfpecially fince that unliappy General is there confi- 
 dered, not as being dead, but ftill living, and on ilie point of 
 joining battle with the Britiflt troops. 
 
 DISCOURSE 
 
Difcourfe 11. 
 
 What great Caufe we have for 
 Gladnefs and Rejoicing. 
 
 PSALM CXXVI. Vcrfe gd. 
 
 THE LOR'D hath done great Things for us,' 
 whereof we are glad, 
 
 IN the morning you wefc reminded of the great 
 things which God haih lately done for \js, for 
 our land and nation ; particularly in the reduiftion, 
 or furrender, of the Capital of Canada ; which is 
 the principal occafion of this day''s folemnity. How- 
 ever, it was thought not improper to come to a confi- 
 deration of this, by an induction of Tome other of our 
 late military fnccefles which prccecded it. According- 
 ly we extended our views, on this great and joyful oc- 
 cnfion, to the principal fucccflcs with which God has 
 favoured us on this continent, fince the time of our 
 laft public and general thnnkfgiving ; to ihofe at t!ic 
 lakes George and Champbin ; at Niagara and Du 
 Quefne, now Pittsburgh. We alfo cart an eye toward; 
 :he Wert-India iflands ; the r.oafls of Portugal and 
 France ; towards Hanover and tlic PrulTian doniininns ; 
 nor did even theEafl Indies altogether efcape our no'icc. 
 In all thcfc parrs, it has plcafed God to give fbmc 
 
 C - facce.'s 
 
3 4 • ^^I^cit great Cau/e we have , 
 
 fucccfs to the arms of our King, or thofe of his ah'ies f 
 and in fevcral of them, very great and remarkable 
 fucccfs. BiK that, in the rcdu£lion of Quebec, confi- 
 dercd in itftlf, in its probable confequences, and its 
 vafl: importance to ourfelves, is fo great that it may, 
 with reipc^ tdfus^natu rally be fuppofed todiminifli from 
 the rrreatncfs.and eclipfe the lurtreof the reft. And bd- 
 fidcs, ns this was the chief and more particular occa- 
 fion of cur afjembling together this day in the houfe 
 of praife, it was, on that account, proper to dwell 
 longer upon it, than upon any of the others. 
 
 Some remarks were of coiirfc dropped in the pre--- 
 cecdinnr difcoiirfe, on the importance 'of titcfe feveral 
 fiicccDes, and the grr.ur.ds we have for glad.nefs and 
 reji^iclng on account of them. But thefc were oitly^ 
 tranflent hints ; and as a fuller rcprefentstion of tlie im- 
 portance of thefe fuccefles may be ufeful to us, and 
 a^ mons of increafing our gratitude to alm'ghty Gc 
 who has done fuch great things for us ; I noiv; prj 
 ceed, as was propoled, 
 
 11. -More particularly to fiiow the propriety of oor' • 
 beinq glad and rejoicing at this time, and uhai great 
 resfon we have for it ; particularly in refpecl of that im- 
 portant event, which is the more immediate occafion of 
 this, fblcmnity. And indeed my difcourfe this after- 
 iwon, will be in a manner con 6ned hereto, ^nd to fucb 
 reflexions as naturally arife from it ; for I fhall hardly,- 
 if at all, mention any cf our other late military fuc- 
 cefles, however confiderable in themfelves. This,/it; 
 is conceived, is an event, rot only great in itfelf, biit 
 bivf with many happy confequences ; in fliort, an event 
 of the mod: intercfting nature to us, to Great Britain, 
 and all her dependencies ; ?.s will prefently be at- 
 tempted to be iliown. 
 
 ;.' The 
 
for Gladnejs kind Rejokiitg^. 3* 5 
 
 rejoi<il!^g'bHtoh'iikc-'6ee^fioris as the ^refcn'i!;' 'for vie-' 
 
 tories bver,-^ of^ f liccefi' ac;aihf^ onr en^mJe?', >\lven G-rtit 
 
 ?qaently enj< 
 
 ^ty'; yea, this is what we are fo nnnirally trrfpodti 
 td dp, that the(e will' i^^t^e-tb'e Icaft neecf^f'IflbowriiT^ 
 Ihj? j>o/iiU. HowcVcr, it-may jnft be obfei-vcd here,' 
 that U was on oc(fafion of tbe'irraelit'es being delivcrcc! 
 c^lir^bf the Hands of' their' bp'prdTors and enemies, that? 
 the PfaI'm of v>]rK!h't'h(6i text is a part,' was coinpofcn. 
 For-it begins thus ^ *" •XJ'hen the Lortl'' turned again 
 th<2-GaptiV)ty c>F Zi<")h,Avfe'were like them thar drean^jcd • 
 lhen was our mouthy fillei "iv'ilh laughter, and our ton^u& 
 with firtgit'g.*^ " This', and fbmc of the happy circum-^ 
 fiances attending, of happy eonftquences ftowing froi"ri 
 it,' wer^ plainly the " great things" to which th^ 
 texr rcfbVs ; and ^ri- acconnt of whidi, the 'church of 
 Gbd that wns 6f^ old' is 'introduced, cxprefling hetf 
 fToiifiide and joy, fayiftg', ' '•* The Lord hath done grcaf 
 things Por us, whdt'6''9f we dfegjad.''^ Nor, indeed 1 car? 
 we ever have any eaiife for gratirtide, on thcfe, or other* 
 occafiohs, ^nV furtHi'r than we have caufe for joy and 
 ^ladncfs. FcSr gf^lUude of thankfgivirtg Is due to aU 
 hiig^Vty God, only 'ft>r the' favours and mercies which 
 i^e Vouch fa fcs to 1?>elbWirpon us ; all which are, in 
 4b^r owH hatute? a" pt>}')er Ground of'gladnels ai")d 
 r'^jfticifig tffu5. -Atid our gratitude ought always to 
 orifc in f^roporiic^n tathe gicatiuTs of fhefe mercicH 
 rnd favours ; or U«'lthe real ocCafion which vl'e have 
 to rejoice and be glad. 
 
 To rcprefcnt to you, what great cauTe v*d have^d 
 
 rejoice on the prrfcnt occaiion, is therefore in other 
 v(^<i«!, or in cffl(ft, only to reprefcnt to you wliNt great 
 
 C 2 rcafon 
 
36 what great Caufe we have 
 
 reafon we have to be thankful to almighty Gt)d, 
 which i5 what I have in view. It is further to be 
 obfcrved here, that as the favours we arc confidering, 
 are primarily and chiefly of a national, fecular and 
 political nature, relating more immediately to our 
 common temporal profperity, tho' remotely to our 
 religious liberties, and fpiritual good ; fo it will be 
 proper, and even neceflary, if I fpeak particularly of 
 them at all, to confider them, at leaft primarily, in a 
 national, fecular and political light : For, how things 
 of this nature can poftibly be confidered with propriety 
 In any other, I muft confefs myfelf not able to fee. 
 And this muft be my apology, it is hoped a fufficient 
 one, if on the prefent occafion I fhould verge a little 
 rearer to what is commonly called politics, than is cr- 
 dinnrily convenient or fuitable for the pulpit. Tho* 
 in reality, I fiiall not difcourfc on politics, unlefs all 
 kind of difcourfe relating to fecular affairs, and the 
 temporal profperity of nations., may properly be called 
 politics alfo. And altho' I do not think it my pro» 
 vincc, were I capable of it, to enter deep into matters 
 of this nature, which is far from my defign ; yet it \% 
 humbly conceived, I fliall not tranfgrefs by offering 
 (bme confiderations in order to fliow, what great rcafbn 
 we have for rejoicing at this time ; efpecially on account 
 of that acquifition, which is the principal occafion of 
 our rejoicing. In order whereto, it will be necelTary 
 to illuftrate the importance of that acquifition itjfelf> 
 to us, to thefe Britifli colonies and provinces in general, 
 and to Great Britain. This is therefore what will 
 now be attempted, without any further apology. 
 
 And to this end, the following things may b|j 
 obferved ; viz. 
 
for Gladnefs and Rejoicing. 3 7 
 
 That the enemy, having lofl the capital of Canada, 
 have it not in their power to recover the pufll/Tion of it ; 
 
 That if it remains in our poflcfTion, all Canada 
 muft of courfe be fubjefted in time, even tho' we 
 /hould a^ only upon the defenfive : 
 
 That as things are now oircnmfianccd, we have it 
 in our power to aft ofTenfively in fuch a manner, that 
 fhe whole country may and muft, be reduced in a 
 very httle while : 
 
 That the Reduftion of this country, will be the 
 bringing all our favage enemies into a friendly alliaKce 
 with us : 
 
 And then, fince it may pofTibly be demanded by 
 fome. What benefits will from hence refuk ro us, tak- 
 ing thefc things for granted, this demand will be an- 
 fwered by a particular, tho' brief indu(fl:ion of fome 
 great advantages accruing from hence, both to Great 
 Britain and her American colonies, whof', intcrefts 
 are indeed infeparably conncfted, as both fhe and 
 they are, of late, more than ever convinced. 
 
 These are the things which are propofed under thi^ 
 head. Only it is here premised once for all, to pre- 
 vent frequent and needlefs repetitions, that when it is 
 Paid, fuch or fuch a thing may, will or muft be done, 
 or come to pafs ; and that another will not, or cannot, 
 both mufl be underllood, as they are intended, with all 
 due fubmifPion to the over-ruling providence of God, and 
 with proper allowances for extraordinary occurrcnts, 
 Theie is doubtlefs a certain eftabliflied order of thingg, 
 or fuccefhon of events, which tho' it pay be, and fomc» 
 limes is, broken in upon, is yet a good foundation for 
 C 3 us 
 
J 8 What great , Cctfife^ we have 
 
 us to proceed upon in our reafoning as to things of 
 this nature. And otherwife, indeed, all j-cafoning aSout 
 t'licai would be mere chlldifla impertinence. But (lill 
 there is no abfoiute certainty in any of our cooclufiens 
 refpefling them, fince they, have fonie contingencies for 
 their bafes ; contingencies with refpe^t to us, but which 
 are yet both foreknown and ordered by the fupreme Go- 
 vern j_r of the univerfe, to who ii therefore we fliould 
 ajways Ipokj in an humble fenf^; of both their, 'an4 
 our, abfblute dependence upon him. Having premifed 
 thefe things once for all, and- iVill keeping them in 
 mind ; I now return to the firrt of the propolTtions Hid 
 dou/n above : ^v'lz. .« t 
 
 THAT'-'Kavihg loft 't1ie capital t)f Canada, the i^neriiy 
 have it not in their power to regain the polfeflion of it. 
 'J'o be fure,, they, have, no Force nqw in America 
 capable of doing this. ^ Tlieir' principal and grand army 
 lias been beaten, routed, and cut to pieces : their chief 
 military officers kill,ed and made prifoners ; and the 
 poor Remains of their rent(l'ar' troops, Whicf) were Jq 
 that memorable battle, fent' to Great Britain. If their 
 principal force united under fo experienced and P^p;- 
 ble ' a ' ccm nander, with other good officers) was '. not.' 
 able to defend their ' capital, "what can be expc£lect,' 
 or . what need be aj-)prehjcnded from them now, broken 
 and difconcerted^ without a fufficient number of good 
 office r?, without fpirit,' and perhaps withouf a fufficiency 
 of provi/iqns and military ftores ? 
 
 '"jF^'tniS capital is regained, it mull; therefore be by 
 means of large fuccours from old France j or rather 
 by an army well fupplied tmd appointed, fent from 
 thence into Canada, to join /the "forces, already there. 
 But this is, humanly fpeaking, imp'ofiible. The milTi- 
 fipi is at tob great' a dilbncC; and^ the qayigation of it 
 
 (iKhi 
 
for Gladnefs and Rejoicing, 3 9 
 
 flich, that no confiderable fuccours can come that way. 
 beiides, wc are in poflelTion oF Niagara, the only 
 way of comtnunication ; which fortrels might, were 
 there occafion, be reinforced almoft with what num- 
 bers wc pleafe. Neither is it to be foppofed that an 
 army, or any confiderable fuccours, can come to Ca- 
 nada by the river St. Lawrence, of which we have 
 now the command. The Britiili navy is fo fuperior 
 that the ports of France, where any preparations fhould 
 be made for this purpofe, might be blocked up. Or 
 if a fleet fhouid happen to fteal out in the fpring, a 
 fuperior one might be immediately difpatched after it, 
 lb as to prevent its effefting any thing ; and proba- 
 bly take or dcflroy it. Or a ftrong Britiili fquadron, 
 were that judged needful, or advifeabic, might be kepc 
 'conflantly in the river, during the fcafon for navigating 
 it. All which things being conlidercd, we need be 
 imdc no apprchenfions, but that we fliall be able to 
 maintain that acquifition, which has been lately made 
 with fo mnch honor to the Britidi arms. And we 
 will now venture to advance one ftep farther. For, 
 as vvai oblcrvcd above, 
 
 If this Capital remains in our polTI^nion, all Canada 
 rnuft of courfs be fubje(fi:cd in time, even tlio* we 
 fliould here acfl only a defcnfive part. Some may, 
 perhaps, think this a pretty extraordinary and fanguine 
 jioflcion. It admits, however, of a very fliort and eafy 
 proof. For many European commodities arc, fiom 
 ufe and habir, become nccciBry to the Canadians ; fo 
 that they neither will, nor can, live long without them. 
 Vv'Irh thefe ihcy cannot be fuppl cd from old France, 
 as i.trairs arc now circumflanccd, either by the M'ffifipi, 
 or St. Lawrence, or any other way. Their commu- 
 rication with France is now clle6tually cut ofl', unle(s 
 pcrliaps it be for Icticn of condokancc, v/h;ch can nei- 
 ^" • ' ther 
 
40 What great Caufe ii:e have 
 
 ther do us any harrti, nor ihemfelves niucli good. So 
 that if the war Ihould continue, they will be oblige4 
 to come to us for ihcfe neceflaries ; and to lake iheiu 
 of us, if at all, on our own terms : Which would, in 
 etltft be fubjefting ihemfelves and iheir country to 
 the Briiifh government. At 1 ?ft, this is what they 
 might be compelled to do, fhould rhofe above us think 
 it proper. And thefe remarks, tho* made with particu- 
 lar reference to the Canadians properly fo called, are 
 equally applicable to all the French inhabitants on this 
 continent about the lakes, arrd to the fbuthward of ihera, 
 till ycu come near the Miffiiipi, or fome of its branch- 
 £s that are very remote from ijs ; Quebec, and the 
 river St. Lawrence, now in our poUefliOn, being the 
 w ay in which they ufe, chiefly at Icaft, to be fupplied 
 viih thofe neceflaries ; for which, if they continue in 
 the country, they will be forced in time to come to 
 us ; tven thoVwe ll:ould a(5> only on the defcnfive 
 with refpcft to them. However, there is no need 
 of going on this latter fuppofitioji ; For, in the next 
 jiiace, as was obferved above, 
 
 As things are now circumrlanced, we have it in our 
 power to a£t offenfively againft them in fiich a manner, 
 that the whole country may, and muft be reduced in a 
 ■very little time. They can receive no confiderable fuc- 
 cours or fupplics from Old France, for the realbns 
 mentioned above. They have no cities, fcrts or pla- 
 ces of defence, capable of making refidatice, or holding 
 out a fiege, even a fliort one. The country lies open 
 to us ; or rather, we have one army at lead already in 
 the heart of it. His Majefty has a large number of 
 brave and try'd troops now in America ; lo many, that 
 ull the forces the enemy can collet, probably would 
 not dare to meet one tialf of them in the field : That 
 method ihcy have already tryM to their coft ! And tho' 
 \he country lliould nyt iubmit, or bt iniirely fubje£led 
 ^ thi« 
 
for Gladnefs and Rejoicing. 41 
 
 th'is fall, which is not indeed to be cxpefted, confider- 
 ing how far the fcafon is already elapfed ; yet what 
 iliould prevent a total conqueft, even very early 
 anoiher feafon ; when the enemy muft be (lilj in all 
 probability, more weakened, diftrcded and difplrited, 
 fhan they arc at prefent ? Excepting fuch things as are 
 ^quite out of the ordinary courlc, nothing can prevent 
 this. Which being confidered, the redu^ion of Que* 
 bee is, in efTe£t, the reduftion of all Canada, from 
 Hudfon's Bay fouthward and weflward to the great 
 lakes : and not only fo, but of all the territory which 
 the French pofTefs to the fouthward Aill of thofe 
 lakes till, as was faid before, you come near the 
 Milfifipi, or fomc of thole branches of it, v»hichareat 
 a very great didancc ftom us. 
 
 Our next pofition was, that the rcduftion of this 
 country, will be the bringing all our Indian enemies 
 into a friendly alliance with us. For Quebec & Canada 
 bein-j; in our podclTion, ihey cannot be fupplied from 
 thence as heretofore, with arms, ammunition and other 
 things, which long ufehas been made ncccHary to them. 
 They mufl therefore come to us for iheni ; and be 
 obliged to court our friendfliip. And this rejifbning 
 will hold good with rcfpc^i to all the numerous favage 
 nations, quite from the territories of Hudfons Bay, 
 where the Indians have long been our friends, down to 
 the great lakes, and to the louthward of them, as far a^; 
 Georgia ; and Weflward, till we approach near the 
 Mifllfipi. Whereever they can be fupplied cafiell-, 
 and upon the befl terms, efpccially if it be by thofe who 
 arc the molt powerful on the continent, and can give 
 them ihegrcatcit protection Sraflilbnce in cafe of need; 
 there tliey will, fooncr or later, come to be fupplied. 
 And this, probably, in a fliort time, provided thofc pru- 
 dent meafurcs continue tu be pnjfccutf J with rcfcrci^cc 
 
 to 
 
4 2 What greM^aufe we havt 
 
 to them, which have lately been uTed. For We fee them' 
 now daily forfaking the French intereft, coming over 
 to us, and fceking an alliance with us. So that this 
 reafoning is not grounded merely on hypotHefis, buc 
 partly on certain faft. And it may be added here, that 
 on the foregoing principles, the friendfhip of all thefe 
 lavages may be relied on as hearty Bz fincere, haying not 
 only convenience, but even neceflity for its bafis. For 
 they cannot live, but by being and keeping on good 
 terms with us. And fo, in fliort, they will be abarriCr; 
 if one is needed, between our fouthern colonics and the 
 French on the Mifli(ipi ; or, perhaps, with a little of 
 our afliftance, ' fliould the war continue, mcke them 
 glad to confine themfelvcs wholly to the weitward of 
 that river. 
 
 Saving the right of the natives, all the territory a- 
 bout Hud Ton's bay, northward, weflv/ard and fouthward 
 as far as the bounds of Canada, already belongs to 
 Great-Britain, where we have long had feveral forts and 
 •iettlementSjof which we are (till in polTefTion. And upon 
 the foregoing principles, Great-Britain muft of courfe, 
 in a litfle time, be pofleded of a territory here in North- 
 America, extending and continued from that Bay, and 
 indeed from fome way to the Northward of it, as far as 
 Florida to the fouthwaid, about two thoufand miles; 
 and extending as far back to the weflward. almoff, as 
 we fhould defire ; referving always, as was intimated a- 
 hove, to the favage nations, the"frjnrt claims, or proper 
 rights. This is what we may, wiibont much prefump- 
 (ion, promife ourfelves, making proper allowance for 
 contingencies, or things out of the ordinary courfe ; on 
 v.hich, being unknown, we can ground none of our 
 rrafonings in this, or any other cafe. But to fay the 
 ieafli this may probably bcthc confequencc of reducing 
 - ■ Quebec ; 
 
for Gladnefs and Rejoicing, 43 
 
 Qiicbcc : For all that has been faid above, has :; clofe 
 
 and manifeft connexion w'uji that iaiportant event. 
 
 •1 ' •' ■ - 1 " -■" 
 
 But' allowing the a^ve conclufions ro be juflly 
 drawn ; yet fome may perhaps demand (lill, " Cui 
 'bono .-"'v Tho' things Ihould turn out thus; yet what 
 real' arid- confidcrable benefit would from hence refulc 
 to Great- Britain anj her colonics ? ( For we have all 
 learnt, at length, to confider tlieir intcrcfts, not as being 
 feparate, but clofely united, ) This is the demand, to 
 which fome anfwer was promil'ed above ; iho' it is hard- 
 ly to be fuppofcd, indeed, that fucii a qucftion could be 
 ferioufly ailicd by any intelligent pcrfon,the advantages 
 accruing from hcn.cc, being fo many, great and m;mi- 
 feft. To hint at fome of the principal, and molt 
 obvious of them th n : 
 
 Tn the firft place, one great advantage we lliould 
 gain hereby is thi>, that all the Britifli colonies and 
 jprovinGps would henceforward enjoy peace cki tUeir 
 extenlive frontiers, or inland bordv.rs. \Vc fhrdl be 
 delivered from the ravages ;ind barbarities of faithlefs 
 favagcs, and more faithlefs Frenchmen ; of all which 
 ravages and barbarities, the French beiug in polTefljoa 
 of Quebec and St. Lawrence river, has, from lirft to 
 lall, been the principal caufe. For the Indians v/oijIJ 
 a'l have long (ince been our friends, had it not been 
 for them in oar neighbourliood^ to (et them upon us 
 both in war and peace. How much blood has been 
 Vieretofdre flicd on the frontiers of the 13rltifl\ C(^lon*ies I 
 What a valt treafure has been annually expended in 
 defefidmgourrelves, thb' very inefTctfliually, fi^om our 
 Anu'rican encrr.ies, different in complexion, yer much 
 ihe lame in .hexjrtf .'' How have our "rnfant. ic-t- 
 
 tleificncs 
 
 J F.v<n Monf V.»U(lrcuiI, llic Clovcrnnr General of Canat'..., -nl 
 himrcir' 3 CanaJiaa by birth, it i? confijcndy and •:. .iiji!/ 
 
44- What great Caufe we have 
 
 tlemcnts, otberwife very flonriiliing, been diflrefled, 
 kept back, and, many of them quite broken up, by 
 the enemy ? Whereas we may now rationally expeft 
 to have peace in all our borders ; and that there will 
 be no more breaking in, or carrying out to a wretched 
 captivity. The public expences, and confequently 
 the public raxes, will be vaftly ledened ; and become 
 very finall in compirrifbn of what they have hitherto 
 been in time of war. And we iliall fave, not only 
 much money, bur, what is far more precious in the 
 jfight of God and wife men, much blood. Our colo- 
 nies will of courfe increafe and people faft ; and, un- 
 der the common blefling of providence, flourifli more 
 than ever, quickly filling up, and extending them- 
 felves far back into the country. Of which, the 
 mother-country will reap the benefit in common with 
 lis. Thefe are fuch great and obvious advantages^ 
 that all muft needs fee them. 
 
 In the next place, an extenGve trade will of courfe 
 be opened with all the lavage nations back of us ; parti- 
 cularly the fur trade, of late years almofl engrofled by 
 lheFrench,who have had thofe favagcs in their interelt. 
 They mufl now hunt for us in our turn, in order to 
 pay lis for the necedaries which they mufl: come to us 
 for. Which is alfo in fome meafure applicable to the 
 Canadians themfelves, that country being reduced, if 
 any of them lliall remain therein. They mufl all be 
 fupplied by us, and pay us for it (bme way or other. 
 So that in fhort, all the commerce of this part of the 
 yvorkl, from the northward of Hudfon's Bay to Flori- 
 da, 
 
 affirmed, had the inhumanity, or may I not rather fay ? the 
 brutality, to ornament a room with Engli(b fcalps hung round 
 it ; which he ufcd to fhow to his unhappy prifoners ; to in- 
 fult them ; pointing out to therti, which wore the fcaJps of 
 ^cir near relations friends and ncighBaurs ! 
 
for Gladjiefs and Rejoicing. 45 
 
 da, and back to the Mifllfipi, or near ir, will ofcourfe 
 be in the hands ot Brjtifh fubje^ts : A commerce, which 
 will greatly increafe the demand for Briiifh manufac- 
 tures, and both well employ and maintain many thou- 
 (and more people in Great-Britain, than do or can get 
 a livelihood there at prefent in any honed way. It 
 will alfo much increafe her navigation^ and that of 
 her colonies. 
 
 Moreover: The reduction of Quebec, and fup- 
 pofed redu£iion of Canada in confcquence thereof, will 
 be a benefit to us, as it will be, in fbme mcafure at 
 lead, a cramping of the French fugar-iflands, which 
 have of late much more than rivalled our own. The 
 French Weft India iflands, if I am not mifinformed, 
 have heretofore had great dependence upon Canada 
 for bread-corn, and other provitions, for fome kinds of 
 naval Aores, and di'vers other articles, both nece/Tary 
 for them, and which they cannot, elfewhere, be fb 
 commodioufly fupplied with. The depriving them 
 of which, efpecially if an effeftual ftop ihould be put 
 to the illicit trade carried on thither from fbme Briti/h 
 parts of the continent, mull greatly diftrefs and reduce 
 them, and be a proprotion.ible advantage to ours ; 
 Icden their commerce and navigation, and increafe 
 our own. 
 
 Again : One would think that France would now, 
 almoTt of courfc, be wholly cut out of the American 
 cod-fifhery, of which fhc has heretofore made fuch 
 vaft advantages. Her Loulsbourg fifhery was gone 
 before. TJ-unt up the gulph and rrvcr St. LawrVnco 
 h now gone. All treaties, by virtue of which fhe 
 claimed a right to make fifh on the coaft of Newfound- 
 land, have been violated by her ; they are broken 
 thro*, and become mere nullities, as the' they had never 
 
 been. 
 
46 What great Caufe we hav6 
 
 bi^en."" And if we fhonld hold tlie poncfTion of Louis'^ 
 bonrg, Canada and Newfoundland, with the cdaft of 
 Labrador, one would think it eafy to prlevenf her 
 making fifll in any of thofe parts, efpecially conflder-^ 
 ing the great fuperiority of the Britifh navy. -Nor 
 docs it fccm improbable that th(s whole fifher^ may 
 fall into-the hands of Britifli fubjcfts ; unlefs we fhoiili 
 perhaps hereafter have a miniflry as complaifan'? tohis*' 
 Moll: Chriflian Mtjedy, and the court of Vcrfaillci;, as 
 that in the latter end of Qitcen Ann's rfcign, ^vhidi cbm- 
 plimentcd France with the belt places; for ^tiirf ying off- 
 the cod*fifhcrv, in all North-America ; i. e. in the workli' 
 But at.prefent, to be fu re, there is no rcafon for any 
 apprehenfionsof this fort. iSlo-^'i' fhe deltruc^ion 'of the 
 iVench fifbery would be thc'deftru^Vioii of one' moft* 
 material andextenfive branch or her commerce ,ili whichi 
 fhe was before our too fuccefjful rival :-- And lhi<? 
 whole fifliery, fallincr into the' hands of Britain, would 
 prodigiouily incrcalc her trade aikl wealth ;'giA'ing ber the 
 advantage of fupplying all thofe markets, which France 
 fupplied before ? This wou'd alfo be the Icllening of 
 the latter''s maritime power in general, and the'inCf'^a- 
 fing, proportionably, that of Great-Britain; For Frah'Ce, 
 being deprived of this fifnery, could nor employ and 
 maintain fo many feam«n as heretofore', 'by*? itiaiiy 
 rhoufands ; whereas we might then employ and maintain- 
 many thoufands more than ever. This is a confiJera- 
 tion of the laft importance to th^ welfare and "fafety of 
 Great-Britain, and of her colonies, if not of all Europe ;■ 
 her chief dependence and fecurity, under divine provi- 
 dence, being placed in the fuperiority of her naval 
 power, and keeping under that of France. For jQiould 
 France, whofe ambition i^. fo exorbitant and boUndlcfs, 
 and whofe power is fo great on the contin^i:, Oncer 
 bec(>me Superior by, fca, the liberties of Great-Britain, 
 ^\k\ perhaps of Europe, are no more. 
 
 These 
 
for GlaJnefs and Rejoicing, 47 
 
 5-. , ,Th ese 9F€ not all ,btir only fome of ihe chief of thofc 
 fecuJar and national advantages which . occur: to iny 
 ihQUghts, a^ jmturaUyrcfulliflg froj»', or having an ap- 
 parent connexion with, the great things j^fcith.Opd hath 
 Jarely done for us ; more cfpccially in the rcduftion of 
 Q^iebcc, which, you will remember, X now confidcr 
 fis being in effe(5t the rcdu«ftiQn of Canada, and bringing 
 all the Indian favages into a friendly alliance with us; 
 Mhtthcr that chain of , realbning, by. which 1 came to 
 yifi^ ,jt miihis.llig]ht,;\yill hold together, aixl, b^s ftrong 
 enough to .fopport fo weighty and important a conclu- 
 (ion,; or vthciher it be only like a ropeof fand, which 
 caoijot ;be even lightly totjchcd witliout being broken 
 to pieces, miiftbe llibmiticd to the judgment of others : 
 i^s aifo, ; whether, allowing, it to be good, and duly 
 C9f.n( <Elcd, the advantages above-menticned, may na- 
 turally bt fupppfcd, to tlow from fuch a conqued of the 
 French ^n. America, and luch an alliance with the 
 Iodiat*s«, ;.' ry*iiA . 
 
 If ihcfc inferences are not unjuflly dediKed, as it is 
 humbly Gonccived they arc not, what great caufJ3 have 
 we to be glad ?,nd rc;j0ice ti this day ; aqd to^praife God 
 for the great tilings s^hjch he hath dopq for us? Our 
 religious, as well as civil privileges fce,med, a few yearj 
 (jnce, to be in fomc danger from the growing power 
 and encroachments of the enemy here, fu^pctrted by 
 France. For had they tt length got the up}x:r hand; we 
 fl^ould doubtlcfs have been deprived of the free enjoy- 
 nuntsof the proteflant religion; hartaljcd, perfecurcd 
 and butchered, by fuch blind and furious zealots for 
 the tdlgion of Rome, under the direction of a prieft- 
 liood and hierarchy, whole //''V/J<5W, to be .Ihre, is not 
 iroju above, if the characteridlc of that which is fo, 
 is,fo be (i\\\\tx .-pure y or peaceable, gentle, or eafy to be 
 entreated, full Oi'merc), or of ^cjc^ fruits, withoi^t ^<tr- 
 
 tiality. 
 
48 What great Caufe we have 
 
 tiaVtty, or without hypocrify f / "We have therefore 
 rca(bn to blefs God for the fuccefles he hath given ns, 
 not merely on temporal and worldly, but on religious 
 and fpiritual accounts alfo. 
 
 We have often heard with our ears, and our fathers 
 have told us, what great things God did for them in 
 their days ; how he preferved, and provided for them 
 in the wildernefs, when this was fuch, which now re- 
 joiceth and bloflbmeth as the rofe ; and how he, in part, 
 drove out the heathen from before them,who were their 
 enemies; without a caufe. But we now fee, in our own 
 days, greater things than thofc ! Our fathers, as they 
 had abundant reafon to do, earneflly dedrcd to fee this 
 day, but did not fee it ; if they had, how glad ? how 
 joyful would they have been? And ifthofe who are 
 fallen afleep in the faith of Jefus Chrift, inOeadof being 
 periflied, have, perhaps, fome knowledge of the affairs 
 of this lower world, I doubt not but that our pious fore- 
 fathers, who fuffercd fo much from their enemies here, 
 would receive fome acceflion of joy even in heaven, by 
 looking down from thence, and beholding whatGod hath 
 done for us their beloved pofterity; how he liath aven- 
 ged us of our, and their enemies ; and by feeing the 
 profpcft which Wc now have, by the blefting of God, 
 of living peaceably and happily in this good land ; ^o 
 that tho* them felves never could, yet we their defcen- 
 dents, being delivered out of the hand of our enemies, 
 and them that hated us, *' may fcrve God without fear, 
 in holinefs and righteoufnefs," the remainder of our 
 lives. 
 
 TiimK it not f^range that you hear fiich a fuppofition 
 inade, as that' above. For altho' both tongues and 
 prophecies fhall ccafe, yet '• charity never faileth"; 
 
 . t James III. 17. 
 
for Glad7iefs arid Rejoicing, 49 
 
 in heaven it is perfeded in thofe fouls, which were 
 endowed wich a nieafure of it on earth. And charity, 
 you know, " rejoiceth not in iniquity, but rcjoiceth 
 in the truth •, " it delighteth in obfcrving the felicity 
 of others, and God's righteous acfts, whereby his peo- 
 ple and church arc fecured againft their adverfaries, 
 and put in a profperous condition. Nor will it be a- 
 mifs juft to obferve here, that in the Revelation of St. 
 John, the bleiled above are introduced as praifing 
 God, I had almofl: faid, keeping a Thank [giving^ for 
 his righteous judgments on earth, in delivering his fer- 
 vants from opprefTion and perfccution ; particularly, 
 from the perfccutions and opprefTions of the " mother 
 *' of harlots, and abominations ; '* that idolatrous and 
 apoftate church, which hath fo long " made herfelf 
 *' drunk with the blood of the martyrs of Jefus *'— 
 " I heard, fays he, a great voice of much people in 
 '* heaven, faying. Alleluia ! Salvation, and glory, 
 " and honor, and power, unto the Lord our God. 
 " For true and righteous are his judgments ; for he 
 " hath judged the great whore, which did corrupt 
 the earth with her fornication " [or idolatrous prac- 
 tiS ] ; " and hath avenged the blood of his fcrvants 
 at her hand. And again, they faid, Alleluia II !'* 
 
 cc 
 
 <l 
 
 God hath revealed his purpofe, his unalterable pur- 
 pofe, in due time, tho' gradually, to confume and de- 
 ftroy the bead and the falfe prophet, with their ad- 
 herents ; till in the end they " fhall drink of the 
 " wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out with* 
 *' out mixture,into the cup of his indignation** j when 
 there is to be a mod fignal revolution in the civil and 
 religious (late of things in this world ; and all the ki'ig- 
 doms thereof are to " become the kingdoms of our 
 Lord, and of his Chrid. ** And one might, perhaps, 
 without any great degree of fuperftition or enthufiafm, 
 
 D from 
 
 \ Chap. XIX. I. 2. 5. 
 
50 What great Cauje 'We have 
 
 from fome lare occurrences inEurope and elfewherCjnot 
 to fay any thing of the order of thcfe predictions them- 
 felves, be inclined to think, that this time of ruin to 
 fome, and reformation and joy to others, from the 
 prcfence of the Lord, when the " gofpel of the king- 
 dom Ihall be preached for a witnefs among all nations," 
 is at no very great diftance from the preknt. 
 
 But however that matter may be, from r^">eaking 
 pofitivcly of which, one woiikl think every un- 
 jnfpired man, endow'd with wifdom and modefty, 
 would be very far ; yet I cannot butjuft obferve here, 
 as a proper ground for gladnefs and rejc icing to all 
 of us, who have any ferious concern for the interefts of 
 .religion, and the falvation of mens fouls, that by the 
 great things which God has lately done, and is flill do- 
 ing for us, he fecms, in his providence, to be prepa- 
 ring the way for a m-ich more general and extenfive 
 .propagation of the gofpel among the favage na- 
 tions of America ; tor enlarging the kingdom of 
 Chrift -, and reclaiming from the error of their way to 
 , the wifdom of the jufl, not only thofe who are alto- 
 gether heathen, but thofe alfo who have hitherto been 
 deluded and infatuated by the Romifh mifTionaries, 
 v/ho " compafs fea and land to make profelytes- — ** 
 .A field is opened to make ibme further attempts to 
 ihis end. And altho' I would be be very far, efpeci- 
 ^lly at this time of general and common rejoicing 
 .among us, from faying what might jujlly be offen- 
 five to any ; yet 1 cannot but add here, that if the 
 honorable and reverend " Society for propagating the 
 .gofpel in foreign parts ", fliould fee caufe to employ 
 fome confiderable proportion of the charities entruftcd 
 to their prudent and pious care, in fo noble an enter- 
 prize, fo good a work, as that of gofpelizing the fa- 
 .vages in the extenfive wildernelTesof Americaj I believe 
 
 all 
 
for Gladmfs aiid Rejoicing, ' 5 r 
 
 all the world would api>laiid tlicm. With all the 
 deference that is due to fo rcrpc<5l:ablc a body, doubt- 
 lefs the great end of thofc charicies would, in this 
 way, be at leaft as much regarded and prolecuted, 
 •and perhaps better anlwered, than by fuppDrtin^ 
 many miflionaries at a great annual cxpencc, :n alt 
 the okkd, the principal, and richefb cities and towns 
 in thefe Northern colonies ; where chriftianity has been 
 the general, common and ellablifhed religion for more 
 than a century of years pad. — But not todigrefs: 
 Having thus attempted to fhow, what great reafon 
 we have to rejoice and be glad at this time, by repre- 
 fenting the importance of that acquifition which hath 
 been fo often mentioned, c jnfidering the great and 
 happy confequences that may, very probably at leaft, 
 flow from it , I proceed now as was propofed, 
 
 III. To fubjoin fome ufeful and neceflary regulations 
 of our joy on this great and happy occafion, that ic 
 may be reftrained within due bounds, and flow in a 
 proper channel. 
 
 And in the firfl: place-, we fhould take heed that our 
 joy is not leavened with pride and vain glory, as tho* 
 our fucceflTcs were wholly from ourfelves. This is 
 what is very common v/ith people on fimilar occafions. 
 They are glad with a kind of felf-im porta nt, and 
 felf-fufficient jov, which fwells them up, and is quite 
 the reverfe of that rejoicing which becometh chriftians. 
 For man has nothing which he did not receive, whe- 
 ther ftrength, wifdom, courage or magnanimity : Why 
 then fliould he glory in it, or in the eflrefts and con- 
 fequences of it, '* as tho' he had not received it ?'* 
 
 There is another thing nearly allied to this, againfl 
 which we ought alfo to guard. Many people who, 
 
 D X cho' 
 
52 Regulations of our Joy 
 
 tho' they believe in the over-ruling providence of God, 
 and are far from wholly attributing to themfclves, the 
 glory of their vi(n:ories and fucceffes, yet rejoice on 
 fuch occafions under the notion of their having as it 
 were merited them, by their fuperior goodnefs and 
 righteoufnefs. This is alfo a vain, proud joy, not be- 
 comi'g finful creatures. It is indeed poflible, that we 
 may n'.t be altogether fo guilty in the fight of God, as 
 our enemies whom he hath thus far fubdued under us j 
 but we are yet far from being fo righteous ourfelves, as 
 to have merited thereby the fuccefles which he has 
 given us againft them. And there is a remarkable 
 pafTage in the book of Numbers, t fo much to the 
 prefent purpofe, that I cannot forbear quoting it. The 
 childre ^ of Ifrael were now about to pafs over the 
 river Jordan, where God had promifed to drive out 
 the idolatrous nations from before them. But left they 
 fliould afcribe this to their own great piety and good- 
 nefs, he gives them the following caution and admoni- 
 tion : " Undcrftand therefore this day, that the Lord 
 *' thy God is he that goeth over before thee as a con- 
 *' fuming fire : he fhall deftroy them, and fhall bring 
 " them down before thy face : fo (halt thou drive them 
 *' out, and deftroy them quickly, as the Lord hath 
 *' faid unto thee. Speak not thou in thine heart, af- 
 " ter that the Lord thy God hath caft them out from 
 " before thee, laying, for my righteoufnefs the Lord 
 " hath brought me in to pofliefs this land : but for 
 " the wickednejs of thefe 7ialions the Lord doth drive 
 " them out from before thee. "Not for thy righteouf- 
 *' nefsy or for the uprightnefs of thine hearr, doft thou 
 " go to pofiefs their Land : but for the wickednefs of 
 *' thefe nations, the Lord thy God doth drive them 
 ^* cut from before thee." 
 
 t Chap. IX. 
 
071 the prefent Occafion, 5 3 
 
 We fliould, moreover, be very far from indulging 
 to any kind ot excels, or riotous joy, on this happy 
 occaGon. Some there are, who fccm to think they 
 cannot be fufficiently glad and joytul ( n kxh occa- 
 fions, without behaving more like the ancient Hacchi- 
 naiians, or madmen, than like Chnftians and reafonable 
 creatures ; running into many toolilli exceflfcs quite 
 inconfiftent, not only with chriftian fobriety, but with 
 .civil order. Let us be admunilhcd to abluiin from 
 every kind and degree oj extravagant, ricxous n^irth. 
 ** It is better, fays Solomon, to hear the rebuke of 
 *' the wife, than for a man to hear the fong ol fools. 
 *' For as the crackling of thorns under a pot, fo is 
 " the laughter of fools : this alio is vanity.'* 
 
 In the next place : We fliould be at leaft: equally 
 far from taking pleafure in refleding on the miferiLS 
 which our enemies fuffcr. We may, indeed, reafona- 
 bly rejoice that God has given us fuch fuccefs againft 
 them, as may probably put it out of tlieir power to 
 harm us for the future. But their calamities and dil- 
 trcflcs, confidered in themftlves, are no proper ground 
 of giaduefsto us. And if any parr of our joy on this 
 occafion arifes from hence, fo far it is contrary to the 
 fpirit of the gofpel. II we have good and benevolent 
 hearts, we cannot but be touched with pity for thofo 
 unhappy people, however malicious they have beeni 
 towards us ; efpecially for the poor women and chil- 
 dren, who can hardly be fuppofed to have been " in 
 this tranfgrefTion, '* with the reft. Yea, if v/e could 
 relieve chem in their diftrelTes, without hazard to our- 
 fcjves and the public, the great law ol charity would 
 oblige us to do it •, whereby we fliould fulfil that evan- 
 gelical command, '' If thine enemy hunger, feed him ; 
 ** it he thirfl:, give him drink : For in To doing thou 
 ** (halt heap coals of fire upon his head,'* 
 
 D 3 Again ; 
 
5 4 Regulations of our 'Joy 
 
 Again t We (hovild by no means pleafe oiirlefves 
 wich any fuch thougliC as this on the prcfent occafion, 
 that being at reft trom our enemies, we may hereafter 
 have it in our power to lead a f-jfc and luxurious, art 
 indolent or eHeminate life ; confuming the bounties 
 of divine providence on our lulls. To pleafe and 
 delight ourfelves with any fuch thought, with any fuch 
 hopes as thefe, were to rejoice, not as Chriftians, but 
 as Epicures ; and would be a certain indication of a 
 corrupt, fenfual turn of mind. 
 
 But having dwelt long enough on the negative 
 here,. it may be proper to propofe {^>me more direft 
 and pofitive rule?, to guide :lnd aflift us in poif>Eing 
 our joy aright on this great occafion. 
 
 And here, in the firft place, we H^ould ** rejoice 
 " in the Lord ;" in him who has done thefe great 
 things for us, whereof we are glad. We are to con- 
 fider God as the fupreme author of our viftories and 
 , fucceffes. *' All that is in the heaven, and in the earth 
 '^ is his ; and in his hand it is to make great, and tO 
 " give ftrength unto all.'* However brave, prudent 
 and magnanimous tlie perfons are* or were, to whom 
 ■we immediately owe ihefe fuccefles, they are yet to 
 be confidered only as the inftrunvjnts and fervants of 
 God, by whom he has wrought fuch lalvation, fuch 
 great tilings for us. Thine, O Lord ! is ■' the glory^ 
 ^* and the vidory, ?.nd the majcfty.** 
 
 We Hiould alfo afcribe thefe fuccefles to God, not 
 merely as the fupreme caufe and author, but as the 
 gracious, merciful, and bountiful beftower of them % 
 whom, we had laid under no obligation, in point of 
 juftice, thus to ef^)0ufe our caufe, '• when men rofe up 
 i* againtl us'Vbut who might, for our fin53.have given 
 
 ^' us 
 
on the prefcnt Occafion. ^ 5 
 
 •* us a prey to their teeth, " howevLT wickt^d and un^ 
 righteous our enemi;;s themfelvcs may be fupp(.rcd to 
 be, or to have been. .\nd indeed God, in his ui> 
 fearchable vvifdoni, lometimes permirs the wicked grie- 
 voufly to afflict fuca as arc more, righteous than them- 
 felves ; wncrejn lie is not uiijufl, fince the *' whole 
 ♦' world is become guilty bcfoic him. '* 
 
 It is moreover nccf fiary, that our joy fliould be 
 accompanied with unfeigned gratitude, or truly thank- 
 ful hearts. Gladnefs on fuch an occafion without fin- 
 cere thankfulncfs, which is very fuppofcable, and per- 
 haps very common, would have no degree of pitty 
 or virtue ; it woukl be but a natural, human puilion, 
 the oft'spring of fclf-love. It is only a grateful joy 
 that becomes chriftians, at leaft, that will entitle us to 
 that honourable character. And it is in this, that a 
 religious Tha.iksgiving moft effentially confifts ; I 
 mean, in having our hearts truly touclted and warm- 
 ed with a fenfe of God's undcferved goodnefs to us : 
 Tho' it is highly expedient that this Ihould be out- 
 wardly cxprelTed, by talking of his loving-kindnefs, 
 by devoutly finging his praifes, and afcnbing to him 
 bkffing and honor, glory and power. 
 
 Our rejoicing in the goodnefs of our God to us, 
 Ihould alfo be attended with unfeigned good- will 
 and charity towards men. Indeed a proper fenfe of 
 God's mercies has a natural tendency to fuften 
 and expand the heart of man ; to fill it with the 
 warmelt wifhes for the good, the eternal good of o- 
 thers. And if we feel no fuch benevolence, or cha^ 
 rity, in our breads, it is almoll a certain fign that 
 tliere is in them no religious or virtuous joy \ and that 
 however full we may be of gladnefs or nv.rth upoa 
 ^his occafion, it i$ only the mirth or gUdn.fs of fcn- 
 D 4 fual 
 
56 Regulations of our Joy^ &^c. 
 
 fbal men •, of men under the influence of natural hu- 
 min palTions and affcr6:ions only, at brft ; but pofTi- 
 bly of fucli ^s are much worfe, unnatural ones. 
 
 Moreover. •, Our rejoicing in the goodnefs of God 
 to us on this occafion, fhould be accompanied with 
 fincere refolutions to make the moft proper and wor- 
 thy returns to him that we polTibly can ; i. e. to keep 
 his commandments, and hve to his glory. Truly 
 grateful and religious joy is never unattended with 
 luch-like pious and virtuous refolutions. And in- 
 deed, after all that has been faid in the former part 
 of this difcourfe, concerning the greatnefs and impor- 
 tance of thofe things which God has done for us, 
 the chief, or rather the fum-total of the advantage 
 is, that we may, if we have hearts for it, hereafter 
 *' lead a quiet and peaceable life, in all godlinels 
 '* and honefty •, " to do which, is the fupreme good 
 of man in this world, and the only way to obtain 
 immortal jo)S in the next. 
 
 Finally here ; We fhould " rejoice with trem- 
 bling *'. We fhould exercife an humble dependence 
 upon al?nighty God, in v/hofe hand all future events 
 are ; whether profperous or adverfe to us, we can- 
 not certainly forefee •, but we fhall know hereafter. 
 We fiiould be far from a vain confidence that God, 
 who has done fuch great things for us, will not in 
 fome other refpev^ls frown upon us, and f )rely cha- 
 flize us. We may well tremble, or at Icaft fear in fome 
 meafure, lefb he Ihould do thus : Kfpccially if, infbead 
 of making proper returns of love and obedience to 
 him for thefe mercies, we fnould forget, or mifim- 
 prove them. Even the profperity of fools often de- 
 ft roys tliem, when their enemies could not do it. 
 And when we.confider our own numerous frailties, 
 
 follies 
 
Some farther Reflexions^ ^'c. 57 
 
 follies and corruptions, we may well tremble amidfl: 
 all our joys, left we (hould prove as wicked and un- 
 grateful as many have been before us ; who fung 
 God's praifcs, but f)on forgot his works ; finking 
 nndcr the blelTingsthey enjoyed, into indolence, diflb- 
 lutcnefs and impiety. How guilty fhould we be, if we 
 fhould increafcrhe number of f .ch, after God has thus 
 manifefted his great goodntfs tvj us, and laid us under 
 fuch obligations ! Howevtr, what is here faid is by 
 no means defig ned to damp, but only to regulate our 
 common joy, and the hopes which ihefe late fucceffes 
 may naturally railein us refpefting our luture profpe- 
 rity •, efpeciaily if we fhould condud ourfelves, in 
 confequence of them, as becomes wife men and chri- 
 ftians. 
 
 IT were, indeed, an argument both of onr infenfi- 
 bility and our ingratitude, not to rejoice on fo 
 noble an occafion. We, I mean New-England, 
 and all the Britifh American plantations, had never fa 
 much caufe for general joy as we have at prefent ; 
 while we fee ourfelves in lo fair a way, under the blcf- 
 fing of providence, to be wholly delivered from our 
 enemies in thcfe parts. Had the French retainetl their 
 power, and independency of us here in America, wc 
 might be certain from more than an hundred years 
 fad experience of them, that they would dill be, not 
 only our enemies, but falfe, perfidious and barbarous 
 ones •, and not only fo, but that the greater part of the 
 farages ftill inlligated, as they are already infatuated 
 by them, woukl be our enemies alfo. Canada, even 
 tho' the French fhould relinquiOi all their encroach- 
 ments, and retire within their old proper bounds, is 
 yet fo near to us, that it is impoffible for Frenchmen, 
 retaining their power, and their independency on 
 
 Great- 
 
5? Some farther Reflexions 
 
 Great-Britain, to inhabit that country without being 
 pernicious enemies to us, in peace ai^ wt-li as war. Of 
 ihis wc have had experience, much more than fuffici- 
 ent : We have facUy felt the effects of their perfidy, 
 and of long wars with the favages, wholly owing to 
 them. 
 
 We have all along been more or lefs difquieted, often 
 greatly diftrefled, by thefe our American enemies : 
 And there was a time, not long fince, when we had 
 confiderable reafon to apprehend what the confequence 
 might be •, how far fatal to ourlclves, and the Britifh 
 intereft in America. We had fome reafon for this, 
 whether we reflect how the enemy conduced, or we 
 ourfclves condu(51:ed, at that time : When they had ^ 
 ftrong chain of forts quite round us, and boafted that 
 they had us in a pound : When, not only all the per- 
 fidy, which is nothing new or ftrafige, but almoft all 
 the policy, the prudence, the military fpirit, and I 
 may add, the fuccefs alfo, feemed to have fallen to 
 their fhare ! Thefe things then look'd with a dark 
 and threatning afpe(fl on the Britifli affairs in America, 
 and, confequently, in Europe alfo. But bleffed be 
 God, that the fcenc is fo m.uch changed 1 " llie fnare 
 is broken, and we are efcaped. '* The power of the 
 French is now broken, at lead here in America ; and 
 not likely to be recovered. Our heathen enemies have 
 no longer caufe to " fhoot out the lip, " to deride 
 and intuit us, faying, Where is their boafted ftrength? 
 '* Where is their God ? " Even they muft now con- 
 fefs that the Lord hath done great things for us, 
 whereof they alfo may in time probably be glad, how 
 forrowfulfoever they may beat prefent. And having 
 offered up our praifes to heaven for thefe favours, 
 we can now make no prayer more feafonable, than 
 that God woukl b:^ pleafed fo deeply to imprefs out- 
 hearts 
 
arifing fi'om the Occafion. 59 
 
 hearts with a fenfe of his goodnefs, that it may never 
 be ciV.iccd ; but that wti may always remain humbly 
 and obediently thankful for it. 
 
 If we have but hearts to live anfwerably to thefa 
 mercies, we may expert to lee l.ir " greater things 
 than thefe. '* We have given many outward demon- 
 ftrations of our joy. To pafs over Time others, W2 
 have chim'd bells, and Cinnon have roar'd •, bon- 
 fires have blaz'd on every hill ; colors have been dif* 
 piiy'd j our houfes have been gaily illuminated •, and 
 many a fplendid r icket has been tnrown to illuminate 
 and adorn the fkies themfelves. Such have been the 
 civil demonftrations of our joy on this great occafion-, 
 And we have now, as fuon indeed as could well be, 
 manilefted our joy ia a religious manner, by obferving 
 this day of p.iblic and general thankfgiving. The 
 former I do not cenfure; the latter is doubclefs to be 
 commended. What remains then, but thaic we nov/ 
 give the higheft and bjft: evidence of all, t!iat we have 
 a juit {^^{^ of thefe favours, and are truly thankful for 
 them •, I mean, by "denying ungodlincf?, and 
 worldly lufts, and living foberly, righteouQy and god' 
 \\; ill the world ? *' That we may lea J quiet and 
 peaceable lives in all godlinefs and honelty, is indeed 
 the mod, if not the only, rational and worthy erwd we 
 can hive in view,in any of our milirary undertvikings. 
 And when once providence has, or fliall have, put \i 
 in our power to live thus, the great end of war being 
 anfwered, we are wholly inexcufable if we live other- 
 wife •, particularly if we fhould '* turn afide to vain 
 jangling*' amongil oiirfelves, " doting about quefti- 
 ons anJ llrifes (jf words, whereof comcth envy, llrife, 
 railings, evil-furmifings, and pcrverfe difputings ; '* 
 inltcad of " ftudying the things that make for peace, 
 aud the things v/hcrcby wc may edify one anuthcr. " 
 
6o Some fa?' l her Reflexions 
 
 If we fiiould henceforth live as becomes fellow- 
 fubjefts, and fellow-chriftians, in the fear of God, and 
 brotherly-love, ftiU " abhorring that which is evil, and 
 cleaving to that which is good,'* we might then rea- 
 fonable hope to fee ourfelvcs ellablifhed without any 
 rivals, much lefs perfidiv)us and cruel enemies, in this 
 good land, of fuch a vaft extent ; and that our pofte- 
 rity after us vvill alfo be glad of thole great things 
 which God has done, and is llill doing for us. Even 
 they will " abundantly utter the memiOry of his 
 " great goodnefs, and talk of his righteoufnefs," if 
 we and they become, and continue, a willing and 
 obedient people. Yea, we may reafonably exped: that 
 this country, which has in a Ihort time, and under 
 many difadvantages, become fo populous and flourifh- 
 ing, will, by the continued blefllng of heaven, in ano- 
 ther century or two become a mighty empire ( I do * 
 not mean an independent one) in numbers little infe- 
 rior perhaps to the greateft in Europe, and in felicity 
 to none. 
 
 We ourfelves fhall, indeed, be all gone off the ftage 
 Jong before that time, and " gathered to our fathers :'* 
 But our pofterity will remain. And I muft own, if I 
 may fo exprefs it, that I feel a ftrong affedlion work- 
 ing in me towards thole that are yet unborn, even 
 to many generations. As I think with great fatisfac- 
 tion and delight on the happy eftate of good men long 
 iince dead ♦, efpecially of our pious forefathers who 
 firft peopled this country, and underwent lo many 
 difficulties and hardfliips in this undertaking for the 
 tcftimony of a good confcience, and during their abode 
 here ; fo I delight in looking into furture ages, and 
 feeing, at leaft in imagination, the profperous and hap- 
 py condition of thole that are to fuccced us. 
 
 I 
 
Gr'ifi fig from the Occafon. 6r 
 
 I CANNOT help, neither do I defire to help, fuch 
 imaginations •, becaufe they afford me at lead an inno- 
 cent pleafure ; perhaps one that might claim even the 
 name of virtuous. Fur all thofe pleafures that have 
 their foundation in benevolence, and are the refulc 
 thereof, are truly fuch. I cannot forbear fancying 
 that I fee a great and flourifhing kingdom in thefe 
 parts of America, peopled by our pofterity. Me- 
 thinks I fee mighty cities rifing on every hill, and by 
 the fide of every commodious port ; mighty fleets al- 
 ternately failing out and returning, laden with the pro- 
 duce of this, and 'every other country under heaven ; 
 happy fields and villages wherever I turn my eyes, thro* 
 a vadly extended territory ; there the pafturcs cloathed 
 with flocks, and here the vallies coverM with corn, 
 while the httle hills rejoice on every fide ! And do I 
 not there behold the favage nations, no longer our 
 enemies, bowing the knee to Jefus Chrifl, and with 
 joy confefling him to be " Lord, to the glory of God 
 the F.ither I ** Methinks I fee religion profeflTed and 
 pradifed throughout this fpacious kingdom, in far 
 greater purity and perfedlion, than fince the times of 
 the apoftles ; the Lord being (till as a wall of fire 
 round about, and the glory in the midfl: of her ! O 
 happy country ! happy kingdom ! 
 
 I can fcarce forbear fancying, that I hear a venera- 
 ble fire talking after this manner to his child, of things 
 that came to pafs in old times, the days of iiis fore- 
 fathers : " My fon, thefe friends and brethren ofour*s, 
 '* whom you fee of a darker complexion than our- 
 " felves, were once our heathen enemies, and vexed 
 *' our fathers in the wildernefs ; (for this was once 
 *' fuch ! ) At the fame time there was a certain refllefs, 
 *' ambitious people in our neighbourhood, from a 
 " far diftant country, called France in thoje days, who 
 
 " with 
 
62 Some farther Reflexions 
 
 with them, and without provocation, endeavoured 
 to deflroy our fathers out of the land. But fcveral 
 hundred years ago, when GEORGE the II. an 
 excellent King, fat upon the Britifi-i throne, and a 
 certain v/ife and good man, named Pitt, was 
 his minifter, a great General was fent with a 
 little army, to take the enemy*s chief city. The 
 name of this brave general was Wolfe •, but the 
 name of the enemy's general is forgotten. All we 
 know of the latter is, that fome time before,the army 
 under his command perfidioufly murder'd a great 
 number of our people, after they had furrender'd 
 a certain fortrefs to him, and he had plighted them 
 his hith ! — But the ftrong city of the cremy I juft 
 now fpoke of, was taken after a bloody battle, and 
 their whole country was foon fubdued. From that 
 time God, who loved our fathers, gave them reft 
 on every fide. They then grew and fiourifhed 
 mightily, and filled the whole land. Such great 
 things, my dear child ! did God perform for our 
 fathers in the days of old ; for which we have 
 caufe to be glad and rejoice to this time, and 
 praife his glorious name!" — But whither will ima- 
 gination tranfport me ! into v/hat times and regions, 
 if I do not check it ! — -— 
 
 Even thefe days, my brethren, wherein we live, 
 I mean, fmce God hath done To great a thing for us, 
 are far m.ore joyful than any which our fathers faw ; 
 tho* far lefs happy than thofe times which bufy fancy, 
 the love of my dear country, and charity to unborn 
 pofterity, would paint out to me, and almofk compel 
 me to believe are adually to follow. 
 
 We can never be thankful enough to God for that 
 interefting event, which has been the main fubjc<5l of 
 
 my 
 
arlfing fnm the Occajlon. 63 
 
 iry difcourfc, being the principal occafion of our pre- 
 fcnt rejoicing. Bjt ains ! there is never any great good 
 *' in this prd'tnt evil world," without fome mixture of 
 evil, at lead of what feems to us to be fo. This is 
 the cafe, even with rcfpeCt to that event, which is 
 both fo great in itfelf, and fo happy in its probable 
 
 Cond-quenccs. O iintirncly, tho' glorioufly fallen ! 
 
 Mortal in thy body, but immortal allbefidc! immor- 
 tal in thy deeds, immortal in thy memory, immortal 
 
 i 1 thy fame ! 1 can no longer forbear to mention 
 
 his fall, which I have hitherto forborne with diffi- 
 culty, even tho' it fhould caufe a general gloom, 
 and occafion the clofing of this r)lemnity with lefs 
 joy than it began. — Immortal WOLFE I untimely, 
 but glorioufly fallen ! Untimely in refpect of thy 
 youth ; without an heir to hear of thy great aflions, 
 to enjoy thy renown, or to inherit thy name! Fallen 
 far from thy native, beloved country, and every near 
 relative ! Untimely for thy cotmtiy, which needs fuch 
 as thou wafl to conduct and infpire her armies, and 
 lead them on to viftory I But ftill fallen glorioufly for 
 thy Ic'lf, and for that country which gave birth to fuch 
 a commander I Fallen in the fervice of thy king, and 
 of that country, fo dear to thee, and for which thou 
 wouldll readily have laid down more Hves than one ! 
 Fallen, tho' in youthful ardor, yet not without the pru- 
 dence and wifdom of age ! Tho' without an heir ; yet 
 fuch as thou v/aft need not children to bear up, and 
 immortahze their name! And thou haft here left at 
 Icafl one whole grateful country where all, old as 
 well as young, will honor thee as a father, and enjoy 
 thy fame, as well as the fruit of thy toils ! Tho' far 
 from the country which gave thee birth, yet near one 
 which would glory might it be faid, that '* this man 
 was born here!'* Tho' diftant from every near relative, 
 yet near to thofe,whofe childrens children will " rife up 
 
 and 
 
64. SG7ne farther Reflexions 
 
 and call thee blcffed !'* Fallen, tlio' untimely for i\\f 
 country ftill engaged in war ; yet not till thou hadit 
 fav*d one country by conquering another ! For tho* 
 ©thersufe to couquer only while chey lived, thou waft 
 2. conqueror even in death ! Whofc fall, no lefs than 
 whofe prefence while living," infpir*d the troops with 
 a courage not to be refiftcd ; and even turn'd what was 
 before only fortitude, into fury, tho' not into madnefs ! 
 
 When I reflefl upon thefe circuni (lances of his fall, 
 I am obliged to retraft what I faid before : He that 
 fell (o gloriouQy, did not fall untimely. No ! Me falls 
 not untimely, who falls in the Icrvice of his King and 
 country with fuch magnanimity, with the vigor of 
 youth and the wifdom of age united ; efpecially if he 
 fails a conqueror, as this brave general did. Whoever 
 falls thus in the difcharge of his duty j thus greatly, 
 thus vi<5torioufly, and with fuch glorious circumdances 
 attending his fall, being fuppoled to be an upright 
 good man, falls not immaturely, but " in a good old 
 age.'* Whether he had lived many years or few, is 
 little to the point. Not he that draws and refpires this 
 vital air the ofteneft j not he that Heeps the moft 
 nights, or wakes the moft days •, not he that pafTes thro* 
 the moft fummcrs and winters ; in fine, not he that 
 fees the moft funs and feafons rolling over him in fuc- 
 cefTion ; this is not he that lives the longeft, or that 
 dies the moft maturely. There is another, a flir juf- 
 ter ftandard of age, of life and death : And he who 
 Jives the moft ufefully, the moft to the proper ends 
 and purpofes of life, lives, both the moft honourably, 
 and the longeft, and makes the moft mature, as well 
 as glorious exit. — " Honourable age is not that which 
 *' ftandeth in length of time, or that is meafured by 
 •' number of years : But wifdom is the GREY HAIR 
 " unto men, and an unfpotted life is OLD AGE !'* 
 
 Mv 
 
arijing from the Occajion, 65 
 
 Mv Brethren, tho* my heart relented when I be- 
 gan to fpjak of this Britifh hero*s fall in the vigor of 
 his life ; yet by means of fuch reflections as thefe, which 
 are the fuggcftions, not of pafllon, that erroneous 
 guide, but of reafon, which will not lead us aftray ; 
 by means of fuch refledtions, I lay, I find my fpirits 
 fo far returned, that I could now almofl congratulate 
 you on his noble exit, inftead of condoling with you 
 on it ! However, not to carry this matter beyond juft 
 bounds : Who would not die as this brave commander 
 died, to be both remembred and honored in future 
 times, rather than live a while as fomc others have 
 lived, and then die to be forgotten j or if not en- 
 tirely forgotten, yet remembered only as having ia 
 their day given the moft flagrant and inglorious proofs, 
 that they were not in places adapted to their talents, 
 when they were found at the head of armies ! 
 
 But ftill you will fay, that not only we, but the 
 nation, has fuftained a great lofs in the fall of this ex- 
 cellent commander. Far be it from me to deny this ! 
 But bleffed be God, the nation has other wife, brave, 
 and magnanimous commanders ; One * at leaft, per- 
 haps feveral, now in America ; and many more both 
 at home and abroad. And he, on whom the com- 
 mand devolved at fo critical a jundlure, f and under 
 whom that great enterprize was brought to fo happy 
 a conclufion, is doubtlefs another, to whom the like 
 character jullly belongs. Nor will Great-Britain ever 
 be defticute of fuch commanders, till either her happy 
 government is fubverted, and her liberties lofl: ; or till 
 thofe glorious times fliall come, when inftead of 
 *' learning war any more,** all the nations which have 
 hitherto by their mutual enmity and violence, been 
 as it were fcourges in the hand of almighty God, to 
 
 E punifh 
 
 • Geo. Amhcrft. 
 t Brig. Gca. Townfliend, on the fall of Gen. Wolfe. 
 
66 So 7ne farther Reficxlons 
 
 piinifTi one another for their fins, 'fhall at length " beat 
 their fvvords into plough- fhares, and thcrir fpears into 
 pruning-hooks •, ** being both too wife,' and too vir- 
 tuous, thus to " hurt and dcllroy " each other. At 
 leafl: fuch commanders will never be wantins; iQ 
 Great-Britain, during a reign and adminiftration like 
 the prefent, wherein fuperior merit is fu early obferved, 
 and fo gloriouHy diftinguifhed ! 
 
 Let us not therefore defpond under this lofs. We 
 could not expe6t, according to the eftablifli'd courfe 
 of human affairs, even under the peculiar favour and 
 fmiles of heaven, to do great things, or obtain great 
 advantages againft our enemies, without fome circum- 
 ftances attending them, which cannot be thought of 
 but with regret. It becomes us, therefore, to fubmit 
 with patience to what we could all wifh otherwife, 
 and to be heartily thankful for what is fo agreeable to 
 our defires, fo great in itlelf, and fo important in its 
 confequences. " For fhall v/e receive good at the 
 " hand of God, and fhall we not receive evil ?" 
 
 If fuch reflexions as fome of thofe above, tho* I can 
 hardly fuppofe it, {hould feem to any not fuitable to 
 the prefent feafon,or to a day of generaljoy andthankf- 
 giving, I have only this apology to make : That they 
 were in a manner forced upon me by that great and 
 happy event itfelf, which is the fpecial occafion of our 
 rejoicing. For, to have taken no notice of the fall of 
 that excellent general, by means of whole almoit unex- 
 ampled bravery and good conduft, this important acqui- 
 fiti =n was made, would have been both ungrateful and 
 inhuman. And if it were mentioned at all, not to have 
 fpoken of it in a grave and ferious, but light and in- 
 different manner, would have been ftill more ungrate- 
 ful and inhuman, with the additional bad circum- 
 ftances of being grofly abfurd and unnatural, not to 
 
 fay 
 
arijlng from the Occafion, 67 
 
 fay impious. For, not only the fall of fuch diflln- 
 guifhed perfonagf-s, but death itfelf, is a very grave 
 and ferious fubjcd to be thought or fpoken of Do 
 any of you doubt it ? You will foon be of the fame 
 opinion : For, human life is fhort, and " after death 
 the judgment!" 
 
 This further y^r/W reflexion would not have been 
 added to the former, had not the fpeaker choftn to 
 fee this affembly diOulve, each one with a grave and 
 folemn brow, much rather than with an air and coun- 
 tenance of thoughtlefs levity, tho' the occafion of our 
 coming together was fo truly joyful. And indeed, 
 they mull be wholly ftrangers to virtuous and reli- 
 gious joy, far the noblefl: and greateft of any, who 
 think fobriety and gravity inconfiftent with it, which 
 are in reality efiential to it. Let us therefore, when 
 we depart from the houfe of God, depart in his love 
 and tear, witn hearts thoroughly imprefs'd by a fenfe 
 of his goodnefs, and the obligations which he hatfi 
 laid us under to keep his commandments. Doing 
 thus, we fhall ftill " walk in the light of his coun- 
 tenance,'* and ftill praife him while we dwell on earth. 
 And when we depart this world, fo full of difcord, 
 ftrife and war, and even the moft profperous events 
 whereof, have ftill fome difagreeable alloy, wc fliall 
 depart, having our " hope full of immortality ;*' and 
 our hearts, of that " PEACE OF GOD whicli paf- 
 !.' fcthall underftanding.;* AMEN! 
 
 The end of the fecond Difcourfe. 
 
 Ea APPENDIX. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Containing a brief AccoiiRt of two former Expeditions agalnft 
 QUEBEC and CANADA, uhich proved unfuccefsful. 
 
 MANY people atnongft us, both in the town and 
 country, who have heard frequent mention of 
 former entcrprizes againft Quebec and Canada, 
 have probably, either thro' want of books, or 
 leifure to confult fuch as are of any confidcrable length, 
 no diftindl knowledge of thofe unfortunate expeditions. 
 This is a feafon wherein there is of courfe much converfation 
 about that city and country ; and many who may have a 
 curiofity, have not the advantages before-mentioned, to ac- 
 quaint themfelves even with the moft material fadts and cir- 
 cumftances relating to thofe enterprizes. We are by no 
 means to cenfure fuch a curiofity in our countrymen and 
 fellow-fubjedts, whofe fituation in life will not admit of their 
 giving much of their time to reading. It is at leafi: innocent ; 
 the author of the foregoing difcourfes thinks, laudable ; and 
 fuch an one as ought to be encouraged rather than damped. 
 He thereforcpropofes in fome meafure to gratify it, by this 
 appendix. Befides ; refleciing on thefe former unfuccefsful 
 expeditions, has a natural tendency to heighten our joy and 
 gratitude on account of the lad, which has bee'i (o profperous. 
 i>uch a contraft will probably have a good effecfl. So that 
 this may anfwer a valuable end, beyond that of merely gra- 
 tifying the curiofity of the lefs informed reader. 
 
 Were the enfuing account to be prolix, it would not be 
 adapted to the circumftances of thofe, for whom it is princi- 
 pally defigned. It will therefore confift chiefly of a narra- 
 tion of facets, and fome material circumflanccs. Thefe will 
 be nioftly colled^ed from SirH. Walker's Journa/, and the Jp- 
 fevdix thereto ; Campbell's Livrs of the Admirals, and Mather's 
 Life of Sir W, Fhips ; which I here mention once for all; 
 But when the exprefTions of either of thofe writers are ufed, 
 notice will be given by the ufual fign of a quotation. How- 
 ever, this account, tho' fhort, will contain fome brief hints 
 and obfervations refpecting the caufes of our mifcariiages and 
 difafiers, in the two former attempts againfl: Canada. 
 
 But it will not be amifs, before we proceed to the account 
 propofed, juft to obferve that Quebec was long ago reduced 
 by the Englifh ; becaufe this will furnifli us with an obferva- 
 tion or two, very peninent by way of introduction ; as tend- 
 ing to lay open, both the motives of the French in giving us 
 i'uch frequent difturbances from that quarter, and the great 
 
 reafon 
 
APPENDIX, 
 
 /eafon we have had on our fide, repeatedly to attempt the re- 
 duction of that place. 
 
 Quebec was reduced 130 years fince, in the reign of KI. 
 Charles I. viz. A. D. 1629, by admiral Kirk or Kertk, with 
 a fleet from England. But it was foon after dcliveied up to 
 PVancc aoain in purfuance of a treaty, viz. 1632. And as it 
 did not fall dircdly within the defign of this appendix to 
 fpeak at all of this expedition, it is pafled over with a bare 
 mention of thefe fails ; which are taken notice of chiefly 
 with a view to the following obfervations. 
 
 FATHERCharlevoix, the noted Frenchjefuit and hiftorian, 
 tells Uo, that tho' the French court was much fhocked and 
 offended at the Fnglifli for taking- Q^jebec j yet, excepting 
 reafons which touch'd their honor, there were many who 
 doubted whether they had fuflained any real lofs thereby ; 
 and whether it were ex[)edient to demand the reftitution of 
 it. f It feems, according to this hillorian, that there was a 
 great divil'on in the court of France upon this point. It was 
 warmly debated ; and many reafons were afilgncd by fc;me, 
 why the reftitution of Quebec (hould not be infilled on. 
 Thefe reafons, or objections, were particularly anfwered by 
 thofe on the other fide of the queilion, who finally prevailed. 
 By the latter it was/aid,amonglt other things, that the climate 
 ■of NcwFrance would grow milder by degrees as the country 
 wa.', more and more opened : That this could hardly be doubt- 
 ed, fince it was fituated under the fame parallels with the mod 
 tempcratf countries of Europe : That theclimate was healthy, 
 the foil fertile : That with a little labour the inhabitants might 
 procure all the conveniences of life : 'Fhat France might 
 every year fend a fmall number of families, fome foldiers, 
 with fome young women that could well be fpar'd, for 
 breeders, and difpofe of them in Canada, in fuch a manner 
 that they might extend thcmfi'ves in proportion as they multiplied : 
 That this would bean excellent nurlery for feamen : That the 
 pel:r)',or turr-trade, would alfo be of confidcrablc advantage: 
 That for fhip-building, the forclls of Canada would furnifli 
 them with an ample fupply, being, aa they faid, without 
 contradicton, the finei'l in the univcrfe : And lallly, That 
 only the motive of keeping the Fnglifli from waking tfn/n- 
 felvcs too powerful \n this part of America, by joining both 
 fides of the river St. Lawrence to fo m;iny other provinces, 
 where they were already well eilablifned, xvas more than 
 
 E 2 f>'ffi'^<:" 
 
 \ — " Mais Ics raifons d' honncur .i pa^t, bicn de gers dodfereiil 
 •* fi Ton avoit fait une veritable perte, & li'l a^ prcipos de dsmsn- 
 !' der la reftitution de Quebec." 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 fiifficient to induce them to make a point of recovering ^teheCy 
 %vhatever it coji them. '* 
 
 It is not to be wonder'd at, that thefe reafons prevailed in 
 the court oi France. It were needleis to obferve how punc- 
 tually the French have regarded them ever fince ; particular- 
 ly in fending ever a number of families and jome Joldifrs every 
 year.^ with fame women., that they might extend thcmfelves gra- 
 dually as they encreafed ; or, in other words, make encroach- 
 ments upon us; and, in conjunction with the favages, keep 
 us from becoming too powerful in North A/nerica. At the fame 
 time, thcfe things, and the French acting a!l along upon thefe 
 maxims, without any regard to juftice, humanity or honor, 
 equallv fhow that our repreated Itrugglcs and efforts to re- 
 take Qi^iebec, tho' not by way of treaty., as they did, and as 
 they have taken many other places firft and laft', but by force 
 of arms, were not without fufficient grounds. Whether 
 the fame reafons will, or will not, hold equally good for 
 maintaining Qj^iebec to the laft, or at any rate whatever with- 
 in the bounds of juftice, belongs not to us to determine.— r- 
 There are others who know far better, what cav, and what 
 is fit to be done, than we can pretend to ; in whofe wifdom, 
 integrity and patriotifmj we may fafcly confide, as it is our 
 duty to do. 
 
 I FEAR I have been too long In this introdu£lory part of 
 the appendix : But the heft apology that can be made, is to 
 proceed directly to the propufed narrative. 
 
 The firfl: of the two former expeditions againft Quebec 
 and Canada, of which fome account was to be given, was 
 in the reign ofK. William III. fixty-nine years ago, viz. 
 A. D. 1690. No Britlfh troops were employed therein, 
 But the people of New-England, ha^'ng been continually 
 molefled by the Canadians, and the Indians in their in- 
 tereil; and having been very fuccefsful this fame year 
 in reducing Port-Roval, now Annapolis, with all Novu- 
 ScQtia, refolved on this more important and arduous en- 
 
 terprize 
 
 * " Er.fin, que le feul motif d' empecher les Anglois de fe 
 *' rendrc trop puilLns dans cette panic de I' Amurique, en joign- 
 '' nan: les dsjx bords du Fleuve S. Lanrent a tant d' autres pro- 
 *' vinces, oii ils avoient dtja de bons ctablifTcmens, etoit plus que 
 *' fiiffifant pour nous engager ^rccoiivrer Quebec, a quelque 
 ^' jxij; cpcce fyi;." liill. ctps;fcript.d«la]Sf.France,TonicI.LiviV, 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 tcrprize againft Quebec. For it was then, and indeed 
 long before, plainly CcQn, that we were never to exped^ 
 any peace or qu et in thcfe northern Britifli colonies, while 
 Quebec was in the hands of fuch ncigl.buurs as the Ficnch. 
 Sir William Phips. the next Year Gcjvemor of tl:e Maf- 
 fachufett5-B.iy, was a lover of his native country, and 
 of ail aif^ive genius. He was accordingly a zealous pro- 
 moter of this expedition, and was put at the head of it, 
 as commanrler in chief. 
 
 In th:s expcditi'in there failed from the port nf Bofton, 
 thirty -two frigates and tranfports, having on board, befulei 
 feamcn, about 200O New-England troops. The largeft 
 fhip, or a'miral, carried 44 guns. The feafon was far too 
 much advanced before the Heet took its departure from Bof- 
 ton, which was i/ot- till the 9th of Auguft. It did not ar- 
 rive before Qiiebec till t'ie 5ih of Oi.%ber. A 1:^00 Englifh 
 provincial troops, with 1500 Indians, were to have marched 
 about the fame time from Albany, and to have proceeded 
 by the way of lake Champlain, in order to attack Montreal, 
 or at leaft to divide the Freii.h forces, and make a dlverfioa 
 that way, in favour of the fleet and army up the river St. 
 Lawrence ; and thereby facilitate the defign of reducing 
 Quebec, which was the grand point in view. But, for cer- 
 tain reafons which cannot here be particularly nicntioncd, 
 the forces did not proceed at the weltward, accordinir to the 
 original plan. Which, in part, occafioned the lubfcquent 
 mifcarriage of the expedition up the river: I hy in part^ 
 for there were other caufes concurring; particularly ficknefs 
 amongft the troops there, and, pofTibly, want of fufKoient ex- 
 perience in the officers for fuch an undertaking ; to the fuccefs 
 whereof, bravery was not the only thing ncLelTary. 
 
 Oclobcr 6th, Sir William fummo^^ed ti»e French gover- 
 nor, count Frontenac, to furrendcr ; from whum he received 
 the following -iiifwer, " That Sir William Phip-, and thofe 
 ** with him, were traitors to their King,* and had taken up 
 *' with that Ufurper the Prince of Orange, and had 
 ** made a revAutioHy which if it had not been maile, A^. I'-f'g- 
 *' land and thr French would have been all one ; and that 
 *' no other 4nl\ver was to he expedfcd from Inm, bur what 
 *' flijuld be from the mouth of his cannon." [Mag;ral.] Tim 
 winds continued (o high and boillerous, that it was impracti- 
 cable for the army to land befor- the 8;h, when all the ef- 
 fctSlive men, being about 1400, were landed ujidcr the com- 
 mand of lieut. general Wallcy, about 5 milcs below the city, 
 * James II, oii 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 «>n the north fide of the river. They had that day feme (kir- 
 mifhes with the enemy ; a few being killed on both fides. 
 They advanced fome way towards the city ; but the cold 
 was now fo fevere, that the feet and hands of many were fro- 
 zen ; and others were taken fick with the Small-Pox. Be- 
 fides : the enemy having feafonably learnt, a confitierable 
 time before, that they were in no danger of having any dif- 
 turbance towards Montreal, our army that way having re- 
 turned, drew all their ftrength from thofe parts ; regular 
 troops, Canadians and Indians ; and in fliort made themfelves 
 much fuperior in the field. Thefe were fufficient reafons 
 for not advancing farther towards the city, in order to 
 aflault, or befiege it ; and the troops were foon re-imbarlced. 
 Sir William, however, in the mean time, had brought fome 
 of the fliips up to bombard the city ; and had his own fhip (hot 
 thro' in near loc places, A Fiench writer, BaronLaHonton, 
 then atQijebcc, makes himfelf very merry with this bombard- 
 ment j telling his reader, that hereby the place fufFered da- 
 mage to the amount of about " 5 or 6 piftoles. " He is alfo 
 very fevere on the conduct of Sir William. He fays, *' he 
 could not have done lefs than he did, if the French had hired 
 him to ftand ftill with his hands in his pockets." This is 
 doubilefs an injurious refle<ftion on him. For confidering 
 the bad weather, the cold, the fickntfs, the fmallnefs of his 
 force, the failing of the intended diverfion at the wcftward, 
 and the confequent flrength of the enemy at Quebec, it 
 was hardly poffible to have done more than he did ; tho' that 
 was indeed but very little to the purpofe. 
 
 It was Sir William's dcfign, notwithftanding thefe dif- 
 couragements, afterwards to have landed the troops in the 
 face of the city, under cover of his cannon, and to have taken 
 it by ftorm ; the troops, as well as himfelf, being ftill full 
 of fpirit and refolution. But foon after, " a violent ftorm 
 *' arofe that feperated the fleet , and the fnow and the cold 
 *< became {o extreme, that they could not continue in thofe 
 " quarters any longer." And it was probably well for them, 
 all circumOances being confidered, that they did not attempt 
 t(i put this latter defign into execution j the enemy being 
 at leaft 3 or 4,000, and perhaps 5 or 6,0C0 ftrong. 
 
 To fay that the fame number of veteran troops, under an 
 experienced commander, and other regularly bred officers, 
 could not have done more under the fame circumftances, is 
 much more than I prefume to do. But yet it can hardlv be 
 
 fuppofcd 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 fuppofed poflible, even for fuch-to have reduced the city, un- 
 der all thofe difadvantageous circumftances. 
 
 Thus ended this expedition, with the lofs of about looo 
 men in the whole, and feveral tranfports in their return 
 fromQuebec: An expedition,certainly ill-timed, being under- 
 taken fo late in the year. And hereby was incurred an heavy 
 charge to this government ; which gave rife to the firft 
 emiflion of a paper currency among us ; a moft pernicious 
 fcheme, the bad efFefts of which we have not got over to 
 this day J the fortunes of many, and perhaps the morals of 
 more, having been ruined by it. 
 
 However, we ought to fpeak with honor of Sir 
 William Phips. Tho' neither his education, nor his ex- 
 perience afterwards, and poflTibly not his genius, qualified 
 him either for the profoundeft policy, or for a great military 
 command, he was a brave, honeft man, of an enterprifing 
 turn, a lover of his country, and zealous for its honor and 
 fervice ; qualities which certainly make his character and 
 memory refpciStable. And here, at the clofe of this brief 
 account of his unfortunate expedition, it will not be amifs 
 to fpeak of one circumftance to his honor, told in the 
 Lives of the Admirah before mentioned, tho' relating to 
 quite another Affair. Sir William, then only captain 
 Phips, had, by the interceflion of Chriftopher Duke of 
 Albermarle, obtained a (hip of King Charles II. in order 
 to fifh on a rich SpaniOi wreck on the coaft of Hifpaniola. 
 He went, and returned without making the defir'd difco- 
 very ; a coniiderable proportion of the profits arifing from 
 which, was to have gone into the King's coffers, for the 
 expence he had been at in fitting out the fhip. Captain 
 Phips being again fitted out by private adventurers on the 
 fame dcfign, made the difcovery i and returned to England 
 with £. 300,000 Sterl. in filver. *' On his arrival, there 
 wanted not fomc, who would have perfuaded the King to 
 fcize his Oiip and cargo, under the pretence that captain 
 Phips had not given an exact information, when he ap- 
 plied for licence, and the royal affiftance : but his Majefty 
 generoufly anfwered, thit he knew the captain to be an 
 honeft man, and a man of honour ; and that if he had 
 brought home twice as much treai'urc, his proprietors fliould 
 divide it. His Majefty farther expreffcd his fatisfa£tion bjr 
 knighting him." Lroa of the Admirah^ vol. 2. p. 376. 
 
 The 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 The other former, and much greater expedition againft 
 Quebec and Canada, was m the reign vf Queen Ann, 
 twenty oneyearb after the above mcDtioiied, viz. A, D. 1711. 
 The late Lord Vifcount Doiinbruke, then only Mr. St. John» 
 fecretary of ftate to the Qiiecn, appears to have had the 
 chief hand in planning and directing this expedition. There 
 were fent from England either 11 or 12 line of battle (hips, 
 (fur accounts d;ll"t.r ) 1 frigate, 2 bonibs with their tender, 
 and 32 tranfpons with feveral regiments, making in all 
 upwards of 5000 men ; as ilCo 8 tiiniiports and tenders be- 
 longing to the train of artiilery. bir Kovenden Walker was 
 the admiral of the fleet, and general Hil! commander in 
 chief of the Britilh tKJops. It feems they were delayed fome 
 time in the channel of England by contrary winds ; at 
 "which Mr. fecretary St. John, in his letters then written 
 to the admiral, expreflts the greatefl concern and uneafi- 
 jiefs. After being put bat k feveral times, from the 28th 
 of April to the 5th of May, the fleet at length proceeded from 
 Plymouth, and continuing its voyage, arrived at Bofton 
 June 24th, without any material difalter j when the troops 
 were debarked, and encamped for fome time on Noddle's 
 ifland. To thefe were joined two regiments from the 
 MafTachufetts-Bay, Rhode-Idand and New-Hampfhire j all 
 which were deflin'd againft Quebec and Canada, by the 
 way of St. Lawrence. 
 
 General Nicholfon was at the fame time to take unde*" 
 his command a body of militia from Connecticut, New- 
 York and the Jerfies, together with the Indians of the 
 five, alias fix nations, which we commonly, tho' not quite 
 properly, blend all together under the general name of 
 Mohawks. This army under the laft mentioned general, 
 was to proceed by the way of Lake Champlain, in order 
 to attack Montreal, or at leaft to make a diverfion in thofe 
 parts ; and by keeping the enemy at bay there, to forward 
 the rcdudion of Qiiebec by the fleet and principal army. 
 With this view they proceeded from Albany towards the 
 lake ; tho' not till the 2cth of Auguft. Of what number 
 this army confifted, I h^avc either never exaclly learnt, or 
 have forgotten ; probably about 3000 including Indians. 
 This army we now leave in its progrefs towards the lake, 
 and return to the other army and the fleet. 
 
 It is faid by fome, that thefe were delayed at Bofton a 
 Ioi]g time for want of necellary provifions, fome fcamen, kc, 
 
 antd 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 and this thro' the negligence, or rather the mercenary and 
 wicked defigns of certain perfuns here, whofe bufniefs it 
 was to forward them with all poflible expedition. The 
 admiral and general, to be fure, were loud in their com- 
 plaints, not againft particular perfons only, but the govern- 
 ment in general. For the former, in one of his letters to 
 governor J)adley, then in the chair, expredes liimfclf in 
 the following terms : ** I concur, fays he, with the opinion 
 of all the fea and land ofHcers here, that the government of 
 this colony have prejudiced the prefeiit expedition, inftead 
 ofaflifting it." And fuch reprefentations were fent home, 
 of this matter, as left, for fome time, imprelTions on the 
 minds of many perfons there, much to the prejudice and 
 difadvantage of this government. As to the negligence, ill 
 defigns, or ill conJud^ of fome particular perfons ; thus far 
 the accufation might poffibly be juft ; which, however, I 
 do not aflert. But the imputation, as it refpcctcd tlie go- 
 vernment, and peopie in general, was doubtk-fs a very 
 unworthy one, to fay nothing worfe of it. No government 
 could well be nure zealous in promoting any expedition ; 
 all the people in general huJ the- fuccefs of it greatly at 
 heart : and it may be added, that as much was done by the 
 government to promote it, as could weli be done, confidering 
 their circumftances, and that they iiad little or no previous 
 warning to make the needful preparations. A great genius, 
 Jer. Dummer, Efq; while agtnt fpr this province at the 
 court of London, in his excellent defence of our charter, 
 long fince did the government and province juftice ; and 
 wiped off thefe foul and bafe afpciiions, by fctting this 
 matter in a true and clear light. 
 
 But to wliatever caufe or caufes, the delay of the fleet 
 and army at Bofton was owing, the fadl is, that thev '!id not 
 proceed from hence on the expedition till July the 30th; 
 much too late for fuch an enterpnfc, at fuch a diflance, 
 thro' fuch a navigation, and in fuch a countrv v.s Canada. 
 The fleet, when it to tk its departure from hence for the 
 river, coniiiled of about 68 or 7:1 fail, having < n board 
 6,463 troops, including the provincials. Being got into 
 the gulph of St. Lawrence, and having taken a French prize, 
 the people of which gave the moft difcouraging and f)rmi- 
 dablc accounts pofTible, the admiral in hi-, journal writes 
 thus, Auguft 15th ; from whence it will appear, not only 
 how much he was deceived in fonic rcfpects, but how much 
 Jie was difconccrted by that means; ** Havinj; intoimed 
 
 mykli 
 
APPENDIX, 
 
 myfelf by all means poflible, fays be, of the nature of 
 Canada river, both from the French and Englifh, I ftill 
 perceive there were more difficulties to furmount than could 
 have been imagined ; for the malter of the French prize, 
 who had made fortv voyages, as he t.old me, in that river, 
 out and home, afTured me no fhip ever winter'd there, but 
 hazarded every thing, rather than let the froft overtake 
 them. That between the mouth of the river and Qi^icbec, 
 being about 1 30 leagues, there was neithtr road^ bay., or har- 
 iour, where (hips could be in tolerable fecurity ; that he never 
 found ground^ tho' he tiied with a line of 400 fathom ; that 
 the fhoar was ftcep too all along^ being exceeding high 
 and mountainous, and in moft places you fhould have 100 
 fathom within a cable s length of the fhoar ; in fome parts as 
 deep water, and the fhips fides touching the rocks. That 
 it has been impoflible for any perfon — to know the cur- 
 rents — ; that fogs and florms were fo frequent, as they 
 •might well be efteem'd continual^" &c. &c. But thefe things 
 J leave without pretending to determine, whether this ad- 
 miral were then the more eafy believer, or the Frenchman 
 
 the greater L r. 
 
 On the i8th of Augufl: the fleet was not far from the 
 mouth of the river ; but the wind blowing hard againft 
 them, as the admiral fays, he put into the bay of Gafpee, 
 to the fouthward. There they were detain'd till the 20th, 
 when they made fail for the river. The night of the 23d, 
 being thick and dark, and the advice of the Englifh pilots, 
 as they declar'd, not being follow'd by the admiral, prov'd 
 fatal to part of the fleet, and put an end to this expedition. 
 Being enter'd the river as far as the egg-iflands on the nor- 
 thern fhoar, eight tranfports were there caft away, and 
 near looo people periflied ; amongft whom, however, there 
 were none of the New-England troops. About ten days 
 after, the fleet put into Spanifh river in the ifland of Cape- 
 Breton. After confulting there fome time, what was to be 
 done, particularly whether any thing fhould be attempted 
 againfl the enemy at Placentia on Newfoundland, it was at 
 length determined in a council both of land and fea oflicers, 
 that it was impraiSiicable to do any thing ; except to return 
 directly to England, after giving general Nicholfon, whom 
 we left in his progrefs towarJs Montreal, advice of the 
 difatler which had befallen them : For his now going for- 
 ward could anf^vcr no valuable end. The fleet accordingly 
 took its departure from Spanifh river Sept. 16. In a fhort 
 
 paflage 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 paflao;*? they were in foundings near the Britifli channel ; 
 and 0(St. 1 6. the admiral's fhip then lying at anchor at 
 Spithead, was blown up, with mod of his papers, and many 
 people on board, the admiral himfelf being on fhore. No 
 difcovery was ever made, by what means this happened. 
 Some have thought it was not an accidental thing, but: 
 done with defign, as being the moft expeditious and fafeft 
 way of fettling the voyage. However this fuggeftion feems 
 hardly credible. 
 
 'J'hus ended the fecond, grand expedition againft Cana- 
 da ; that of admiral Kirk mentioned above, not being here 
 reckoned as one. ** The charge incurred by the province 
 of the Maflachufetts-Bay was fomething more than £. 24,000 
 fterling, allowed by parliament." Doug. Summ. 
 
 There were three circumftances efpecially, attending 
 this expedition, cither of which might probably have proved 
 fatal to the fucccfs of it without the other two. In the firft 
 place, it was much too late in the year before the fleet 
 failed from England. In the next, feafonable notice had 
 not been given here, to make preparation for its arrival, 
 and for that part which the colonies were to bear in the 
 entcrprize. And laltly, there was want of a number of 
 throughly and fufHciently experienced pilots for the river; 
 at leaf!, of fuch as the admiral, who was doubtlefs a gentle- 
 man of very good fenfe and accomplifhments, could place 
 full confidence in, and rely upon ; which feems to have 
 entirely difconcerted him. Some have hinted at deep, dark 
 and treacherous defigns, relative to this expedition. Nor 
 is it fl range that there fhould have been fome fufpicions of 
 this fort, confidcring who were then at the helm, and how 
 fome other matters were carried on about that time. But 
 that there was really any treachery in the cafe, is by no 
 means clear, or certain ; and perhaps, upon laying all 
 things together, very improbable. However, it is quite 
 beyond the defign of this appendix, to make any fort of 
 inquiry into that matter ; which, to be fure, would be of no 
 advantage to thofe, whofe gratification was propofed hereby. 
 
 As the account of thcfc two expeditions was introduced 
 with the mention of one which preceeded them, when both 
 Canada and New- England were in their infant flate ; it 
 may be follow'd with the mention of another, which was 
 planned fince tlicfe ; but without being carried into execu- 
 tion, or fo much as attempted, except fo far as the enliflin^ 
 of troops here for that end. This was during the laft 
 
 war. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Ivar, viz. in 1746. The ordefs from Great Britain (of 
 making thefe levies, were dated in April that year. Many 
 troops were raifcd in the colonies on fo important an 
 occafion ; fome of which were rendezvous'd at Saratoga 
 above Albany- But at length, to our great furprize and 
 mortification, in October of the following year, orders, were 
 received here for difbanding the troops. Why this defign 
 was not then profecutcd, there are others that know better 
 than the author of thefe few pages. 
 
 But be ihaikfu), my countrymen and felIow-fubie£ts^ 
 that what aMlfcvbo have well underflood, and heartily defired, 
 the true int^t^ of Britifh America, ever cfleemed the 
 gr^nd, eficntial point, is now gained. QJJEBEC, after 
 repeated firuggles. and efforts, is at length reduced : QUE- 
 BEC,4J^ad almoft called it that Pandora's box, from whence 
 unnumber'd plagues have ifTued for more than an hundred 
 years, to diflrefs, to enfeeble, to lay wafle, thefe northern 
 colonies ; and wliich might, perhaps, in the end have proved 
 fatal to them ! An acquifition, the confcquence of whichj 
 if niaintcii.'.cJ^ mufl prove, not only the utter ruin of the 
 French pov. er and interefl in America ; but in time, accord- 
 ing to the natural couife of things, the exalting of thefe 
 Jittle provinces and colonies, as it were into as many king- 
 doms ; and confequently, the raifing of the Britifn empire 
 in Europe, on which they will continue dependent, to an 
 height and dignity amongft the rations, which it never 
 knew before. However, altho' this is not afcrmon, it may 
 be jufl added here, that under the government and pro- 
 vidence of God, all this v.'ill depend, in fome meafure, on 
 ourov.'n wifdom, virtue and piety : For even our profperity, 
 without thefe qualities, may prove our ruin. A pagan faid 
 wifely, whether juf^ly or not, as applied to ancient Rome, 
 '* Diis te minorem quod geris, imperas : 
 *' Hinc omne principium, hue refer exitum" I 
 Which being put into a more chriftian riilc, in plain profe, 
 may be exprefled thus : You are exalted above other nations, 
 becaufe you are virtuous, and walk humbly with your God: 
 From hence deduce the origin of your power, its increafe 
 and grandeur ; and to the contrary afcribe its fall ! — Or 
 you may take the fum of it in the words of a certain wife 
 Kifig^ who fiourifhed in the da);s of old: " Righteoufnefs 
 cxaltcth a nation, but ftn is a reproach to any people." 
 
 To conclude: However unfortunate the former expedi- 
 tions againft Canada were, in the reigns of K. William and 
 
 Q. Ann, 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 CV Ann, cfpctially the latter, wherein the Heet met witk 
 fuch difficulties and difaftcrs ; the laft of all has been at- 
 tended with fuch profperity, as will glorioudy diftinguilh the 
 reign of K. GPXJRCiE II. In the fuccefs of whufe fleets 
 and arms the dements fecm now to intereft themfelves, {<x 
 bringing down the pride of France. 
 
 " O nimium Dilecte Deo, cui militat aether, 
 
 '' Et conjurati veniunt ad claffica venti !" Claud, ^«h4l 
 
 O heaV'n-belov'd ! Thefkics tlieir fuccours lend; 1 ^^^ 
 Thy arms the tides, and rolling feas, bcfr^gj^ •' C 
 And winds confpiring on thy fleets attaiHJPP j 
 
 T.ILL pride fhal! ceafe its neighbours (o invade^ 
 And fwains at eafe enjov rheir ht|fnble fhade : 
 Till guilty fpears fliali ceafc to blufli with gore, >•• 
 And fworJs be drunk with chrillian Wood n-) more ; 
 Till harmlcfs thofe in pruning-hooks aire found. 
 And thcfc in plough-fharcs mark the furrowM ground i 
 Till exil'd PEACE retaining from above 
 To human-kind propitious, heav'niy dove! 
 Shall olive to each clime, each country' bring. 
 And fpread ore nations wide her foft'ring wing: 
 Till wrath and hate are banifh'd in their turn. 
 And ev'ry breaft with purer flames (hall burn ! 
 Till then, O heav'n ! till then indulgent finile. 
 Freedom thy guardian care, and Britain's ifle ! 
 Till then her liberties protedl ; for tliofe. 
 Not to her Monarchs, but to thee fhe owes. 
 Great source of liberty! the Tyrant's awe, 
 Boundlefs in pow'r, but goodnefs ftill thy law. 
 Till then fuch Kings as GEORGE to Britain lend j 
 Such minifters as Pitt fucceflive fend j 
 Such admirals as late have rul'd the main ; 
 Such generals as fought on Abrah'm's f plain ; 
 (WOLFE, not till death immortal ; Name renown'd ! ) 
 Or AMHERST flill with annual laurels crown'd ! — 
 So lawlefb power {hall bend, and Britain's rife, 
 That creep in duft, and this afcend the fkies. 
 While earth's oppreflbrs half-repentant Itand, 
 Aw'd • bv the jullicc of her lifted hand ; 
 And wild ambition feels thy chaft'ning rod 
 Till Kings most christian may — believe A GOD ! 
 
 ' ' ' ■! 
 
 f The late field of battle near Quebec, fo called. 
 
n 
 
.•l^V^, 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^m