/v^-^ ^>a ^■:^.? ^? ^ -^ ^.^-i tihvavy of €he theological Seminar;? PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY PRESENTED BY Princeton University Library BSIS8 ,A 15 ■ P-'T THE Revised New Testament ^^^tM ^r rnllifc^ AND /\> ^ HISTORY OF REVISION Giving a literal reprint of the Authorized English Edition OF THE Revised New Testament, A brief history of the origin and transmission of the new testa- ment scriptures, and of its many versions and revisions that have been made, also a complete history of this LAST great combined MOVEMENT OF THE BEST scholarship of the world; with REASONS FOR THE EFFORT; ADVANTAGES GAINED ; SKETCHES OF THE EMINENT MEN ENGAGED UPON IT, ETC., ETC. PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF Professor ISAAC H, HALL, LL. D., Associate Editor o/ The Sunday School Times, etc. HUBBARD BROS., TuBLisnERS, Philadelphia, Boston, Cincinnati, Chicago, Kansas City, AND Atlanta: C. R. Black all & Co., Kew York: A. L. Bancroft k Co., San Francisco, Cal. ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS. PUBLISHERS' PREFACE. In presenting to the public " The Revised New Testa- ment and History of Revision," a few introductory words are eminently proper. Never before have so many eminent Biblical scholars engaged in any one work, as have en- gaged in the revision movement of this day. Never before have so many denominations labored together for the attain- ment of a pure version of the Word of God. Never has a work of this character been pursued with such deliberate and systematic effort ; and never has so general an interest been awakened in anything pertaining to the Scriptures. Work upon the Old Testament is advancing slowly, but cannot be completed for several years yet, at best. The New Testament work was finished several months ago, and now for the first time, it is given to the world. The expectation cherished for ten years is therefore about to be realized in part. What is undoubtedly the best version of the New Testament ever made, is now available to the English-speaking people. The only editions of this revision, issued by the Revisers^ or under their direct indorsement, are printed by the Uni- versity presses of Cambridge and Oxford, England. For -^f^«830 iv PREFACE. this country, there will be no edition under the special in- dorsement of the English publishers. It may be urged by them that theirs is the only authorized edition ; which means simply that all the committee of Revisers were pledged to them from the start, but it is evident, that any exact reprint of the English edition will be just as per- fectly "authorized" as that. In other respects, such as typography, materials, binding and accompanying infor- mation, this may be far better than the English issue. In presenting an edition of the Revised New Testament to the American public, it is the purpose of the Publishers to make it a literal reprint of the Cambridge and Oxford issues. All the resources of typographical art have been concentrated on that object. Additional to the usual guar- antees of the well-conducted printing establishments by which the work is done, every line and letter will pass the scrutiny of three expert proof-readers, and of three gentlemen of critical skill in matters of Biblical typography and in- terpretation. The certificate of this committee, which will precede the Revision in this volume, will be a guarantee which cannot be questioned for the absolute conformity of its text to that issued by the authority of the Revisers themselves So far as paper and type are concerned, the Publishers are confident that nothing better adapted for continuous and comfortable reading can be offered. The bindings too, will be of excellent quality. They will please the eye, and also endure the wear and tear of constant use. Great care has been taken with the additional matter given in the "History of Revision,'^ which forms so im- portant a part of this volume. The subject of the New Testament in its origin, transmission and revisions, is given PREFACE. V with a fullness which is sufficient for all general readers ; but also with a brevity and pointedness which will not weary. Brief sketches of the leading members of the Re- vision Committees also, are added. This historic matter is regarded as very valuable, for every reader of this Re- vision will be concerned to know something of the general subject and of the work, to which this publication forms so appropriate a conclusion, and also of the men to whose learning and skill the success of the effort is due. Confident that a want of all who love the pure word of the Lord will be met in this issue, the Publishers commend their book to an expectant public. COISI TENTS, PART FIRST. CHAPTER I. ORIGIN OF THE NEW TESTAMENT. Its Author — Its "Writers — Its Original Languages — Original Copies of the New Testament — Arrangement of the Books — Time of Writing the Books 13 CHAPTER II. EARLY MANUSCRIPTS, VERSIONS AND QUOTATIONS. Existing Manuscripts — Uncial and Cursive Writing — Sketches of Uncial Manuscripts — Sketches of Cursive Manuscripts — Early Translations — Quotations — Quotations by Origen 19 CHAPTER III. EARLY ENGLISH VERSIONS. Saxon Paraphrases — Wyckliffe's Version — Tyndale's Version — Coverdale's Version — Matthew's Bible — Tlie Great Bible — Tavernei-'s Bible — Cranmei-'s Bible — Wittingham's Testament — Genevan Bible — The Bishops' Bible — Rheims and Douay Ver- sions .... 32 CHAPTER IV. The Demand — Instructions to the Translators — Completion of the Revision — Winning its Way — Unquestionable Excellence of King James' Version , 42 Viii CONTENTS, CHAPTER V. DEFECTS OF KING JAMES' VERSION. Excellent but Defective — Number of Defects — Defects of King James' Version Illustrated 53 CHAPTER VI. CHAPTERS AND VERSES. Convenience of Arrangement — A Burdensome Help — Authorship of this Help — True use of these Helps 64 CHAPTER YII. FACILITIES FOR REVISION. What is Needed in Order for a Good Revision — What we Possess to this end 75 CHAPTER VIII. THE PRESENT REVISION MOVEMENT. Origin— The English Revision Committee — The American Re- vision Committee — Expenses of tlie Work — Objects of the Re- visers—Principles of Revision— Way of Working— The Pros- pect ^^ CHAPTER IX. SKETCHES OF PROMINENT REVISERS. With Full Names, Titles, Official Positions, Dates of Important Periods in their Histories, Literary Works, etc., etc 95 CHAPTER X. INCIDENTAL BIBLE FACTS. Singular Renderings In Various Bibles— Typographical Errors at Various Times H*^ PART SECOND. EXACT REPRINT OF THE ENGLISH EDITIOti^ OF THE Revised New Testament, HISTORY OF REVISION. CHAPTER I. ORIGIN OF THE NEW TESTAMENT. Its Author. " Holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.'^ Thus did Peter explain the origin of the Old Testament Scriptures, and by clear implication that of the New Testament also. And that which he implied, is frequently asserted and everywhere assumed in the writ- ings of this later Testament ; and such guidance as is thus claimed is but a fulfillment of the Lord's promises con- cerning the Comforter. He was to bring to remembrance whatsoever Jesus had said to His chosen ones, and He was also to guide them into all truth. Thus the Comforter, who is the Holy Ghost, was the foretold guide for those who should record the deeds and words of the Lord, and who, upon this foundation, should erect the symmetrical structure of revealed truth. The Holy Ghost is, there- fore, the author of the Scriptures of the New Testament as well as of the Old. In answer to inquiry as to the ultimate origin of this volume, we may, therefore, reply, in the language of a familiar formula, " It has God for its Author." Its Writers. God was its Author, but " holy men of God " tran- scribed the utterances to which He moved them. So far 13 14 HISTOKY OF KEVISION. as the New Testament is concerned, He was pleased to employ eight, or possibly nine, writers, namely, Matthew, Mark, Luke (on two books), John (on five books), Paul (on thirteen, and probably fourteen, according the author- ship of Hebrews to him), James, Peter (on two books), Jude, and possibly an unknown writer, on Hebrews. The biographies of these sacred writers is familiar to all lovers of the Bible. It need not be dwelt upon here. Suffice it to say that these persons were chosen for this work in pref- erence to others, because God saw in them qualifications which it pleased Him to use. Matthew's natural affilia- tions were with Jews ; those of Luke with Gentiles. God saw fit to approach Jews in the one case and Gentiles in the other, by means of men specially fitted for such approach, and therefore He chose these two, and similar principles doubtless apply in all other cases. Its Oeiginal. Languages. There are those who claim that Matthew wrote his gos- pel, and that Paul wrote his epistle to the Hebrews, in the Hebrew language. This language would have been a very natural means of approach to the Jews ; but to so great an extent had the Hebrew, even then, ceased to be a living language, that the Greek of that day would have done equally good service for the mass of that nation. That Matthew wrote his gospel in both these languages is be- lieved by many, and, indeed, it is the more probable hypothesis. With these exceptions, if indeed they may be reckoned as exceptions, the original language of the New Testament writ- ings Avas Greek. It was not, however, the pure classical Greek of that and earlier da}^, but a mongrel dialect, into ORIGIN OF THE NEW TESTAMENT. 15 which many Hebraisms and otlier idioms had worked their way. Luke employs the purest Greek of all the writers in this volume, while Matthew, Mark and Paul abound in shades of thought and forms of expression decidedly Hebrew^. So peculiar is the language of the New Testament, that it is customary to speak of " New Testament Greek " as of a clas- sification clearly recognized and readily distinguishable from other Greek dialects. Original Copies of the New Testament. In all probability, the original copies of the New Testa- ment, books were made on papyrus, which was the ancient paj^er. It was made by gluing together layers of the rind under the bark of the papyrus plant, and then pounding or rolling them into a convenient thickness for writing pur- poses. This substance was by no means durable. Some fragments of it have been recovered from the ruins of Her- culaneum and from the tombs of Egypt ; but use and ex- posure to the atmosphere caused its sure and speedy destruc- tion. For this reason, the originals of the New Testament books have all perished. Our possession of these truths would have been utterly lost had it not been for two sources of preservation, namely, the numerous copies of these books which were early made in the original languages themselves, and also in other languages for the convenience of con- verts ; and, secondly, the abundance of Scripture quotation, in which the early disciples habitually indulged in their writings. But these transcripts of the originals were themselves perishable. They, too, were upon the papyrus. But about the fourth century, more durable materials were sought. Skins of various animals were prepared, and thus vellum, 16 HISTORY OF EEVISION. parchment and other substances came into common use. Paper made from cotton and linen fibre, as with us to-day, was employed for writing purposes about the twelfth century. This, of course, opened up a new era in writing material, because of its good quality and its cheapness. But the immense advantages we enjoy from its combination with the printing-press, and particularly with steam-power, are the peculiar inheritance of this age, rather than of any earlier generation. Arrangement of the Books. That the books of the New Testament should stand in their chronological order, would be a very natural assump- tion. In fact, however, this is far from true, as will be seen in the appended tubular showing. And yet the ar- rangement of these books, as followed in our Bibles, is far from being ill-considered. The gospels form the broad solid historic basis of facts, which underlie the entire Christian system like four great massive rocks. And their order is a very natural one. Matthew builds most closely on the bed-rock of the old Jewish system. Mark clings to Matthew by striking resemblances, but at the same time reaches out toward the Gentile world and illustrates specially the active side of the Christian system. Luke abandons Matthew's connections, and writes specially for the Gentile nations beyond ; and John philosophizes upon the entire subject, and shows up the eternal truth, as it is in itself, without respect to any one class of men, but with the pur- pose of convincing all. As a book of history, and as a very natural supplement to the gospels and a preface to the epistles, the book of Acts is placed between these two classes of writings ; con- ORIGIN OF THE NEW TESTAMENT. 17 tinuing the history of the evangelists to a point when in the progress of events the gospel was preached at Rome, the capital of the then, known world. PauFs epistles, from their important character, take place next after the historic books. The catholic epistles, written for all men everywhere, and dealing with those matters which pertain to daily living as men of God, nat- urally follow up the historic portions, while Revelation, which is essentially a book of prophecy looking out into the future, closes the collection. The general order of the New Testament books is like that of the Old. First come those which are chiefly his- toric ; then those chiefly experimental, and finally, such as are chiefly prophetic. Such an arrangement is certainly more logical than one based upon the mere incident of date of production or of publication. Time of Writing the Books. The precise time when the several books of the New Testament were written, cannot in every case be deter- mined certainly; but the folloAving table will show the facts with a very close approximation to the true state of the case. After Christ's Death. A. D. Matthew 6 39 Mark 10 43 I. Peter 19 5:^ I. Thessalonians 19 52 II. Thessalonians 19 52 Luke 23 56 Galatians 23 56 I. Corinthians 24 57 18 HISTORY OF REVISION. After Christ's Death. A. D. II. Corinthians 24 57 Romans 24 57 Philippians 29 62 Philemon 29 62 Colossians 29 62 Ephesians 29 62 Hebrews 29 62 Acts 30 63 I. Timothy 30 63 II. Timothy 30 63 Titus 30 63 II. Peter 30 63 James 33 66 Jude 33 6G Eevelation 61 94 John 63 96 I. John 65 98 II. John 65 98 III. John 65 98 CHAPTER II. EARLY MANUSCRIPTS, VERSIONS AND QUOTATIONS. Existing Maxusckipts. Upon the giving forth of the !N'ew Testament Scriptures, copies in the original tongue and versions into other lan- guages were rapidly made. But at the first they were made on very perishable materials. It was not until the fourth century that materials were employed in the reproducing of Scripture of character so durable as to give any fair promise of permanence. The result is, that the most ancient manuscript known to exist comes to us from the middle of the fourth century only. From the years previous to that time no original record has reached us ; and the manu- scripts which antedate even the tenth century are exceed- ingly few. On learning these facts for the first time one may natu- rally ask, What assurance have we that these versions, which appeared so long after the originals were made, are really correct transcripts of those earlier documents ? Let it be remembered in this connection, that the New Testa- ment manuscripts are far more ancient than those which give us the works of any classical writer. Of Homer, there is no complete manuscript older than the thirteenth century, though some fragments of older date exist. Homer sang centuries before the Christian era. 'J\vo thousand years stretch between the time when he made his immortal utterances and the time when any record of them", known 19 20 HISTORY OF REVISION. to us, was made. But -sve confidently accept Homers works as genuine and authentic. The New Testament Scriptures are far more capable of verification as to genu- ineness and authenticity. The argument to be 'followed here is aptly put by Pro- fessor Fisher, in a recent article in Scribner^s. He says: " If we go back to the last quarter of the second century, we find abundant proof that a great number of copies of the New Testament were in circulation in the various provinces of the Koman empire. Professor Norton esti- mates that the number of copies of the Gospels then in circulation was not less than 60,000. The 1,600 manu- scripts of the New Testament, or of parts of it, which are now known to exist, are copies, mediate or immediate, of those which were in use at that time. Since the extant manuscripts are essentially in agreement with one another, it follows that the documents from which they sprang, in various places and places distant from one another, must have had a like agreement. Plad any materiid difference existed in the copies of the Epistle to the Romans, for ex- ample, which the Christians of Egypt, and Syria, and Rome, and Gaul read toward the close of the second century, that difference would inevitably have perpetuated itself in the copies derived from them, and Avould necessa- rily be manifest in those now existing. We are warranted in the conclusion, then, that the copies used at that date were substantially coincident with each other. By the same method of argument, we are authorized to conclude that the various documents from which the manuscripts in use in the second century were transcribed had the same essential harmony. AVe are thus carried back to the life- time of the author, and of those who were conversant with EARLY MANUSCRIPTS AND VERSIONS. 21 him and with his production. Mutilation or corruption of the original manuscript, and of the copies of it first put in circulation, was prevented by the presence of the writer and of those to whom his book was committed, and who were interested in preserving it unaltered. No subsequent alteration could be made in a manuscript from which later manuscripts were transcribed without betraying itself the moment the comparison should be made with other repre- sentatives of the original writing. It is obvious that the force of this argument is increased in proportion to the number of the manuscripts which survive, and the diversity of their local origin. In this particular, the writings of the Xew Testament are placed at a striking advantage in comparison with the celebrated works of heathen antiquity.^^ U^XIAL AXD Cursive WrdTixG. Two distinct sets of characters appear in the ancient New Testament manuscripts. The first are designated Uncial. They are large letters which stand distinct from each other, much like large capital letters used in our newspaper head-lines and display advertisements. The other style was called Cursive^ and its letters resembled our ordinary hand- writing, the letters being connected with each other in an easy running way. The uncial manu- scripts of the New Testament are the older, and for this reason, presumably the more correct. But they are written without punctuation, Avhicli is a source of great difficulty in attempts at accurate rendering. The liability to err in such cases may readily be appreciated by attempting to read a sentence printed in letters of the same form, without punctuation marks to indicate the sense. About the tenth 22 HISTORY OF REVISIOX. century, the cursive style became the more prevalent and some attempt at punctuation was made. That great liability to error should exist in any system • where copying by hand is the only method for multiplying books is evident ; and this liability is greatly increased when the matter to be copied is such as the uncial text, or the ancient cursive, of the Scriptures. The copying of the earliest times was done chiefly by professional scribes ; at a later day by monks. Rooms were specially prepared in the old monasteries, where many a man did his life's work upon a few sheets of uncial transcription, or a few illumi- nated pages. The metal pen, or stijlus, was used chiefly in this work. The inks emplo3'ed were not essentially different from those now in use. In some cases it has faded and then been retraced, but the colored inks are frequently very bright and clear. Sometimes the parchment, or vellum, on which the writing was done, was colored and the letters were ele- gantly wrought in gold or silver. In the British Museum, the Vatican, and at Vienna, are a few pages of a manu- script known as the '^ Codex Purpureus,'' the leaves of which are purple and the letters of which are silver. In some cases the writing originally traced upon a sheet was obliterated by an ambitious scribe, and his own utter- ances, good, bad or indifferent as they chanced to be, were written on the cleared surface. Such manuscripts are termed palimpsests, meaning sheets from which the writing has been scratched, or rubbed away. In several cases involving the Scriptures, careful scrutiny has dis- covered traces of the first writing, and skillful chemical treatment has restored it; so that what was lost has been found, and what was blotted out has been restored. EARLY MANUSCRIPTS AND VERSIONS. 23 Sketches of Uncial Manuscripts. Of manuscripts in the uncial, or capital letter, there is a large number, ranging in their dates from the fourth to the tenth centuries. Of the Gospels complete there are twenty-seven copies, besides thirty fragments; of the Acts and General Epistles there are ten complete copies, besides six fragments ; of Paul's Epistles, there are eleven com- plete manuscripts and nine fragments ; of Revelation there are five complete copies. All these have been carefully compared one with another, and their correspondences and variations are critically noted. The text of the more im- portant copies has been published also, and given to the world. To this general class of manuscripts belong a few which arc deserving of special mention, because of their pre-eminent value. 1. The Codex Alexandrinus. In the alphabetical desig- nation, adopted among scholars to exjiress the antiquity and completeness of the several manuscripts, this is de- nominated, A. It is supposed to have been written in the early part of the fifth century. In 1628 it was sent by Cyril Lucar, Patriarch of Constantinople, to Charles I., of England, and it is now one of the treasures of the British Museum. It contains the entire Kew Testament, with the exception of a few breaks of no great size. The Epistles of Clement, one of the early church fathers, are also found in this volume. 2. The Codex Tacctively several (if not many) different meanings. He must not suppose that the history of the present divison into chapters and verses exhausts the subject. Unless, liowever, he has the printed books or manu- scripts before him, he needs to be extremely careful to what authorities he listens, in studying up the subject. To say nothing of the faults of transient essays in the periodicals, it is notorious how full of errors are almost all the histories and treatises. It will not do to trust to such authorities as Brunet and Dibdin ; for books on general bibliography, not altogether correct in the matter of secular books, are particularly defective with respect to the sacred Scriptures. Nor are the sacred bibliographies altogether to be trusted. Even so careful and competent a writer as the author of the catalogue of the library of the Duke of Sussex, with his eyes wide open and the book before him, committed the error of saying that the second edition of Erasmus's Greek Testa- ment (1519) ^^ contains the verse relating to the Three Witnesses.'^ It is therefore with some fear and trembling that the writer ventures to approach the subject of chapters and verses. The whole subject, indeed, is too large for a short essay, or even a small volume. But there are points of in- terest to be picked u]) all along their history, and, the writer hopes, with a tolerable share of correctness. At present, however, no more will l)e attempted than some matters connected with llie ]> resent system of chapters and verses. Of these, the liistory lies partly in the light, and partly niAPTERS AND VERSES. 67 ill iincieut obscurity. The chapters, in both the Old and the New Testament, are commonly attributed to the con- trivance of Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro* (in English, Hugh de St. Cher), about A. D. 1 240, who used them in compiling a concordance, and also in his commentary. Some, however, and probably with more correctness, at- tribute the invention to Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, contrived for the purpose of citation in lec- tures. Langton, it will be remembered, headed the baronial signers, when Magna Charta was wrested from King John. Others still suggest Avith some show of reason, but not much probability, that Albertus Magnus, and perhaps Alexander Alensis, had a hand in it. Subdivisions of each chapter were marked by letters in the margin, A, B, C, D, E, F^ G ; and reference (in the concordance or otherwise) to the passage was made by the number of the chapter and the letter of the subdivision. These divisions are sometimes called paragraphs by the older writers; though they are not generally such in the modern sense. This style of division can be seen in many, if not in most, of the Latin Bibles printed before the middle of the sixteenth century. Similar ones are familiar to students of the Greek classics of this day. This subdivision of chapters was employed by Robert Stephens in his famous concordance to the Vulgate, printed in 1555; though he also gives the numbers of the verses. As erroneous statements are often made respecting this concordance in that particular, it is as well to give his own words on the subject. In the preface he says : " INIore- *Tlie evidence for Cardinal Hugo being the author is very weak. My own opinion decidedly preponderates In favor of langton. And such, I find, is the opinion of the best critics. '68 HISTOEY OF EEVISION. over^ in the novelty of the work, this part also deserves some praise ; that besides those accustomed marginal letters, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, into which that former author of concordances divided the several chapters, you will have, written after those letters, the numbers of the verses of each chapter according to the method of the Hebrew ; that is, as the Hebrews number their verses ; which we have added so that you may more readily and quickly find what you seek, and that they may more fitly aid the most beautiful and splendid work which we print/' He says nothing else whatever about the New Testament verses, though he uses them' also. But of those, more farther on. It must not be understood that these chapters exactly tally in all the diifereut versions of the Bible, though they do in the main. In the Hebrew Bible, where they appear to have been ado^Dted by Jews themselves, they diifer in not a few places from those of our English Bible. In the Bible Society's Arabic Bible, to take one example, the chapters vary somewhat from both the Latin (and English) and the Hebrew. The variations in different versions are not perhaps an endless subject, but far too nearly so to out- line here. They cause a good deal of inconvenience to the student who uses many versions. Respecting the modern verses, the case differs in the two Testaments. In the Old Testament the verses are those of the Hebrew Bible. Though not as old as the Jewish read- ing lessons and other ancient divisions of larger size, in all probability they date back to the introduction of vowel points and accents, and to the beginning of that body of notes called the Masora. This cannot be later than the ninth century of our era. We have no Hebrew manu- scripts so old by several centuries as those we have of the CIIAPTEK8 AND A^ERSES. 69 New Testament ; for the Jewish custom has been to bury or destroy their biblical manuscripts as soon as age or wear made them defective. We have, therefore, no direct testi- mony from the monuments themselves to show when the Hebrew division into verses began. The end of the verse was marked with its distinctive accent (soph j)CLSuk)y like a colon ; but though thus marked, the verses were not num- bered for a long time. A concordance of Rabbi Nathan's (about 1450) appears to have been constructed with the expedient of a numeral attached to each verse. The older authors, however, attributed a much earlier origin to the Hebrew verses. Thus Leusden, in a passage worth quoting for its other information, says : " Perhaps some one will ask. Is not the division of verses of the Old Testament from the authors themselves of the books ? An- swer : Indeed the division of verses of the Old Testament is by the authors themselves, for the accent Silltik, which is expressed everywhere at the end of a verse, marks off the verses. But formerly in Hebrew Bibles the Hebrew letters which denote the verse-divisions were not usually expressed in the margin, as is to be seen in the old Hebrew Bibles of Bomberg, Munster, and others. Afterwards, about the middle of the last century [sixteenth], every fifth verse was noted in the margin by the Hebrew letters, cdephy he, yod, tethy icaw, caph, etc. At length, in the year 1660, each verse (except every fifth verse, Avhose number was expressed in Hebrew letters after the ancient manner) was marked with Latin [Arabic] numerals in the Hebrew Bible of the Amsterdam edition, by Joseph Athias, at my suggestion and instigation, f«r the public good ; which numerals had never before been used with any Hebrew text. And because we saAV that those Bibles, of which a 70 HISTORY OF REVISION. great abundance were printed, were scattered and sold within three or four years, therefore in the year 1667 we issued a second edition, far more correct than the first, to- gether with Latin notes in the margin/^ The Old Testament verses, in the main, therefore, even in those places in the Psalms where no punctuation occurs at the end of the verse in our version, aj)pear to be the re- sult of a division marked off at least a thousand years ago by the Jews. But in the numbering of the Old Testament verses, be- sides the disturbance which followed every change in the chapters, our English Bible differs from the Hebrew, espe- cially in the Psalms. In the Hebrew the titles to the Psalms are numbered as one or more verses or parts of verses. The modern New Testament verses, except the few chaufres here and there, made in different versions, are well, known to have originated in the Greek and Latin Testa- ment of Kobert Stephens, published in 1551. This con- tained the Greek text, the Vulgate, and the Latin version of Erasmus, in parallel columns ; the Greek in the centre, the Vulgate on the inner, and Erasmus on the outer side. It was also furnished with parallel references, with Osiau- der's harmony of the Gospels (compiled ^in 1537), and a copious index. Though the contrary is sometimes asserted, the verses were printed in separate x^^iragraphs, like our present Bibles ; not merely marked in the margin. What Stephens himself then said about his division into verses is as follows : " But whereas we have divided the work into certain verses (versiculos)^ as they call them, that we have done following the most ancient Greek and Latin copies (exemplaria) of the New Testament itself. But we have CHAPTERS A^iD VERSES. 71 the more willingly imitated tlicm tlierein, becaii.se \)y this method each traiislatiou could* completely and directly be cited in correspondence with the Greek text {(piod haa ratione utraqiiG trarislat'io j^osset omnino c rcg'ione r/rwco textui respondere).'' Tiiat i.s, it was to serve as a perfect means of comparing the two translations with the original, and as a ready means of reference throngliout. His claim to have followed the most ancient Greek and Latin patterns is not altogether devoid of trutli, as may be seen on some future occasion. Meanwhile the following remark of Masch is in point, with a little allowance : "Stephens, indeed, maintains that he divided the Sacred Text into verses in imitation of manuscripts ; but it is well enough known that this was said only for the sake of tiie favor of those who used to beat Stephens black and blue in every possible way. The method of the ancient divisions is far otherwise. It was truly a most useful invention, [and one] which the j^rinters of Geneva followed immedi- ately, but those of Leipsic too late ; in which, nevertheless, it is to be regretted that Stephens often erred from the true interpunction." Something here should be added about the story of the time and manner of making this division, since the popular accounts vary so much. The original source is the words of Robert Stephens's son Henry, in the preface to his con- cordance to the Greek Testament. Speal^ng of the great Ix^nefit which his father conferred by dividing the chapters into verses, he says: "I will mention first two things of which you will doubt at whether of the two you ought to wonder more. One is that going from Paris to Lyons he * Or. perhaps better, could everywhere stuTiii • qrrM . authorities 17 him ; and lo, a voice out of the heavens, saying, ""ihis omit unto is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased, ^Jf • . I 1 Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the v^il- m>iSon;mij 2 derness to be tempted of the devil. And when he 2'„f/"^ had fasted forty days and forty nights, he afterv^ardiccii phased. 3 hungered. And the tempter came and said unto him,i|J^'^ ■^' If thou art the Son of God, command that these 4 stones become ^ bread. But he answered and said,4Gr. ?oai'e«. It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of 5 God. Then the devil taketh him into the holy city ; and he set him on the ^pinnacle of the temple, ^Gr.wi/j^. ^ and saith unto him. If thou art the Son of God, cast thyself down : for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: And on their hands they shall bear thee up. Lest haply thou dash thy foot against a stone. ? Jesus said unto him, Again it is written. Thou shalt 8 not tempt the Lord thy God. Again, the devil taketh him unto an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory 9 of them ; and he said unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. 10 Then saith Jesus unto him. Get thee hence, Satan : for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy 11 God, and him only shalt thou serve. Then the devil leavcth him; and behold, angels came and ministered unto him. 12 Now when he heard that John was delivered up, he 13 withdrew into Galilee ; and leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is by the sea, in the 14 borders of Zebuluu and Na})htali : that it might be 6 S. MATTHEW. 4. 14 1 Or, through 2Gr. The way of the sea. ^Gr. nations. and so else- where. * Or, Jacob ; and so elsewhere. 6 Some ancient authorities read he. 6 Or, good tidings: and 80 elsewhere, ^Or, demo- niacs 8 Some ancient authorities transpose ver. 4 and fulfilled which was spoken ^by Isaiah the prophet, saying, The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, 15 '^Toward the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the ^Gentiles, The people which sat in darkness 16 Saw a great light. And to them which sat in the region and shadow of death, To them did light spring up. From that time began Jesus to preach, and to say, 17 Repent ye ; for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. And walking by the sea of Galilee, he saw two 18 brethren, Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were fishers. And he saith unto them. Come ye after me, 19 and I will make you fishers of men. And they 20 straightway left the nets, and followed him. And 21 going on from thence he saw other two brethren, ^James the son of Zeb dee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zobedee their father, mending their nets ; and he called them. And they straightway left 22 the boat and their father, and followed him. And ^Jesus went about in all Galilee, teaching in 23 their synagogues, and preaching the ^gospel of the king- dom, and healing all manner of disease and all manner of sickness among the people. And the report of him 24 went forth into all Syria: and they brought unto him all that were sick, holden with divers diseases and torments, ^possessed with devils, and epileptic, and palsied ; and he healed them. And there followed 25 him great multitudes from Galilee and Decapolis and Jerusalem and Judtea and from beyond Jordan. And seeing the multitudes, he went up into the 1 mountain: and when he had sat down, his disciples came unto him : and he opened his mouth and taught 2 them, saying, Blessed are the poor in spirit : for theirs is the 3 kingdom of heaven. *^Blessed are they that mourn : for they shall be 4 comforted. 5. 21 S. MATTHEW. 7 5 Blessed arc the meek : for they shall inherit the eai'th. 6 Blessed are they that hunger and thrist after righteousness : for they shall be filled. 7 Blessed are the merciful : for they shall obtain mercy. ^ Blessed are the pure in heart : for they shall see God. ^ Blessed are the peacemakers : for they shall be called sons of God. 1*^ Blessed are they that have been, persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of 11 heaven. Blessed are ye when men shall reproach you, and persecute you, and say all manner of evil against ]2you falsely, fcr my sake. Rejoice, and be exceeding glad : for great is your reward in heaven : for so perse- cuted they the prophets which were before you. 13 Ye are the salt of the earth : but if the salt have lost its savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thence- forth good for nothing, but to be cai^t out and trodden 14 under foot of men. Ye are the light of the world. A 15 city set on a hill cannot be hid. Neither do men lifjht a lamp, and put it under the bushel, but on the stand ; and it shineth unto all that are in the house. 16 Even so let your light shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. ir Think not that I came to destroy the law or the 18 prophets: I came not to destroy, but to fulfil. For verily I say unto you. Till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass away 19 from the law, till all things be accomplished. Who- soever therefore shall break one of these least com- mandments, and shall teach men so, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven : but whosoever shall do and teach them, he shall be called great in the 20 kingdom of heaven. For I say unto you, that except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness oi i\iQ scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven. 21 Ye have heard that it was said to them of old time. 8 S. MATTHEW. 5. 21 1 Many ancient authorities insert icith- out cause. 2 An expres- sion of con- tempt. 3 Or, Moreh, a Hebrew expression of condemna- tion. Thou shalt not kill ; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgement : but I say unto you, that 22 every one who is angry with his brother^ shall be in danger of the judgement ; and whosoever shall say to his brother, "Tiaca, shall be in danger of the council ; and whosoever shall say, '^Thou fool, shall be in danger ''of the ^hell of fire. If therefore thou art of- 23 fering thy gift at the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath aught against thee, leave there thy 24 gift before the altar, and go thy way, first be recon- ciled to thy brother, and then come and ofier thy gift. *Gr.un(aor Agrcc Avitli thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art 25 f'Gr. Gehenna of fire. <■' Some ancient antliorities omit deliver thee. 'Gv. Ge- henna. 'Or, tmcard with him in the way ; lest haply the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge Meliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison. Verily I say 26 unto thee. Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou have paid the last farthing. Ye have heard that it was said. Thou shalt not 27 commit adultery: but I say unto you, that every one 28 that looketh on a woman to lust after her hath com- mitted adultery with her already in his heart. And 29 if thy right eye causeth thee to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not thy whole body be cast into '^hell. And if thy right hand causeth 30 thee to stumble, cut it off', and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not thy whole body go into ''hell. It was said also. Whosoever shall put away his wife, 31 let him give her a writing of divorcement: but I say 32 unto you, that every one that putteth away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, maketh her an adulteress : and whosoever shall marry her when she is put away committeth adultery. Again, ye have heard that it was said to them of 33 old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths: but I say unto 34 you, Swear not at all; neither by the heaven, for it is the throne of God : nor by the earth, for it is the foot- 35 stool of his feet; nor ^by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King. Neither shalt thou swear by thy 36 6. 6 S. MATTHEW. 9 head, for thou canst not Kiake one hair white or black. 37^ But let your speech be, Yea, yea ; Nay, nay: and ^ some whatsoever is more than these is of ^tiie evil one. authorities 38 Ye have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye, ^^^^ -^"' , ^ ' •' ^-». »/'^"'' speech 39 and a tooth lor a tooth: but i say unto you, iiesist«/*«Hfce. not ^him that is evil: but whosoever smiteth thee onsor, erji.- as in ver. 40 thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. And if any \\^^.^ man would go to law with thee, and take away thy coat, g^j. ^^^^.j 41 let him have thy cloke also. And whosoever shall * compel thee to go one mile, go with him twain. 4Gr.tm- 42 Give to him that asketh thee, and from him thati^''^*- would borrow of thee turn not thou away. 43 Ye have heard that it was said. Thou shalt love thy 44 neighbour, and hate thine enemy: but I say unto you, Love your enemies, and pray for them that persecute 45 you ; that ye may be sons of your Father which is in heaven : for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sendeth rain on the just and the unjust. 46 For if ye love them that love you, what reward have 47 ye? do not even the ^publicans the same? And if yesThatis, salute your brethren only, what do ye more //ia?i ^J'^'/^^^.^''^* "'* 48 others f do not even the Gentiles the same? Ye there- Roman fore shall be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect, sreisewhere. 5 1 Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them: else ye have no reward with your Father which is in heaven. 2 When therefore thou doest alms, sound not a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the syna- gogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have received 3 their reward. But when thou doest alms, let not thy 4 Iclt hand know what thy right hand doeth : that thine alms may be in secret: and thy Father which seeth in secret shall recompense thee. 5 And Avhen ye pray, ye shall not be as the hypocrites : for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you, They have 6 received their reward. But thou, when thou ])rayest, enter into thine inner chamber, and having shut thy d,oor, pray to thy Father which is in secret, and thy 1-5 1 Some ancient fintliorities read God your Father, 4 Tilany nuthoritiee sumo 10 S. MATTHEW. G. 6 Fatlicr which seeth in secret shall recompense thee. And in praying use not vain repetitions, as the Gentiles 7 do : for they think that they shall be heard for their much, speaking. Be not therefore like unto them : for 8 ^your Father knoweth what thiugs ye have need of, before ye ask him. After this manner therefore pray 9 ye : Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, asio 2 Gr. our in licaven, so on earth. Give us fhis day ^our daily n l7J'fomi>,g bread. And forgive us our debts, as we ^ also have 12 f%- forgiven our debtors. And bring us not into temp- 13 sor,eHi tatiou, but deliver us from Hhe evil one^ For if ye 14 forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Butif ye forgive not men their tres- 15 ancient, passcs, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. variSona, Morcovcr whcu yc fast, be not, as the hypocrites, 16 Jici For ^' of a sad countenance: for they disfigure their faces, " ""' that they may be seen of men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have received their reward. But thou, ir thcqioryjor- wlicu thou fastcst, auoiut thy head, and wash thy face ; eoer. Amen, ^j^^^ ^j^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^f j^g^ ^0 Ihst, but of thy 18 Father which is in secret : and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall recompense thee. Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon the earth, 19 where moth and rust doth consume, and where thieves ^Gr.du, ^break through and steal: but lay up for yourselves 20 ' '°"^'" treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth consume, and where thieves do not ^break through nor steal : for where thy treasure is, there will thy 21 heart be also. The lamp of the body is the eye : if 22 therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light. But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body 23 shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is the darkness ! No 24 man can serve two masters : for either he will hate the one, and love the other ; or else he will hold to one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon. Therefore I say unto you. Be not anxious 25 for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink ; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than the food, and the body than the thine is the linr/dom, Old the power, and 7. 10 S. MATTHEW. 11 26 raiment ? Behold the birds of the heaven, that they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns ; and 3'our heavenly Father feedeth them. Are not ye 21 of much more value than they? And which of you by being anxious can add one cubit unto his ^stature ?^'^r' ''o^ 28 And why are yc anxious concerning raiment ? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow ; they toil not, 29 neither do they spin : yet I say unto you, that even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of so these, j^ut if God doth so clothe the grass of the field, which to-day is, and to-morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith ? 31 Be not therefore anxious, saying. What shall we eat? or. What shall we drink ? pr. Wherewithal shall we be 32 clothed ? For after all these things do the Gentiles seek ; for your heavenly Father knoweth that ye have 33 need of all these things. But seek ye first his king- dom, and his righteousness ; and all these things shall . 34 be added unto you. Be not therefore anxious for the morrow ; for the morrow will be anxious for itself. Sufiicient unto the day is the evil thereof 71, 2 Judge not, that ye be not judged. For with what judgement ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured 3 unto you. And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, -but considerest not the beam 4 that is in thine own eye? Or how wilt thou say to thy brother. Let me cast out the mote out of thine eye ; and 5 lo, the beam is in thine own eye ? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye ; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. 6 Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast your pearls before the swine, lest haply they trample them under their feet, and turn and rend you. 7 Ask, and it shall be given you ; seek, and ye shall 8 find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you: for every one that asketh receiveth ; and he that seeketh findcth ; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened. 9 Or what man is there of you, who, if his son shall ask 10 him for a loaf, will give him a stone ; or if he shall 1-6 12 S. MATTHEW 7. 10 ^Somo ancient authorities omit is the gale. 2 Many ancient authorities read How nnrroio u the gate, dc. SGr. demons. ask for a Hdi, will give him a serpent? If ye then, ii being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him? All 12 things therefore Avhatsoever ye would that men sliould do unto you, even so do ye also unto them: for this is the law and the prophets. Enter ye in by the narrow gate : for wide Ms the 13 gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruction, and many be they that enter in thereby. "-^For narrow is l-i the gate, and straitened the way, that leadeth unto life, and few be they that find it. Beware of false prophets, Avhich come to you in 15 sheep's clothing, but inwardly are ravening wolves. By their fruits ye shall know them. Do men gather 16 grapes of thorns, ov figs of thistles? Even so every 17 good tree bringeth forth good fruit; but the corrupt tree bringeth forth evil fruit. A good tree cannot 18 bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. Every tree that bringeth not forth 19 good fruit is hewn dow'u, and cast into the fire. Therefore by their fruits ye shall know them. Not 20, every one that saith uuto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven ; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven. Many will say 22 to me in that day. Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy by thy name, and by thy name cast out ^devils, and by thy name do many ^mighty works? And then will 23 I profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity. Every one therefore which 24 heareth these words of mine, and doeth them, shall be likened unto a wise man, which built his house upon the rock: and the rain descended, and the floods 25 came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house ; and it fell not: for it was founded upon the rock. And every one that heareth these words of mine, and 26 doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand : and the rain 27 descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and smote upon that house ; and it fell : and great was the fall thereof. 21 8. IG S. MATTHEW. 13 28 And it came to pass, when Jesus ended these words, 29 the multitudes were astonished at his teaching : for he taught them as one having authority, and not as their scribes. 3 1 And when he was come down from the mountain, 2 great multitudes followed him. And behold, there came to him a leper and worshipped him, saying, 3 Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean. And he stretched forth his hand, and touched him, saying, I will ; be thou made clean. And straightway his 4 leprosy was cleansed. And Jesus saith unto him, See thou tell no man ; but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them. 5 And when he was entered into Capernaum, there ^came unto him a centurion, beseeching him, and saying, Lord, my ^servant lieth in the house sick of i or, hoy 7 the palsy, grievously tormented. And he saith unto S him, I will come and heal him. And the centurion answered and said. Lord, I am not '^vorthy that thou ^<"'r. ««j^- shouldest come under my roof: but only say ^thej*^"',^^^,^^ 9 word, and my ^servant shall be healed. For I also am von'i. a man *under authority, having under myself soldiers: ^,^"JJ^°^ and I say to this one. Go, and he goeth ; and to autiioritieg another. Come, and he cometh ; and to my ^servant. Do jli' LuVe vii' 10 this, and he doeth it. And when Jesus hoard it, hescxr. bwuf- marvelled, and said to them that followed. Verily I say *'''"''""'• unto you, ''I have not found so great faith, no, not iuantS 11 Israel. And I sav unto you, that many shall come *"**/«"!!/,«« from the east and the west, and shall 'sit down withw«um Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of j};^^[,J''/^'' 12 heaven : but the sons of the kingdom shall bo cast forth a^e.uf.dth. into the outer darkness : there shall be the wce})ing and ^ ^^- ^^'^^"'^ 13 gnashing of teeth. And Jesus said unto the centurion. Go thy way ; as thou hast believed, so be it done unto thee. And the ^servant was healed in that hour. 14 And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he 15 saw his wife's mother lying sick of a fever. And he touched her hand, and the fever left her; and she 16 arose, and ministered unto him. And when even was g ^^ ^^^^_ come, they brought unto him many ^possessed withnwti V11.8. 14 S. MATTHEW. 8. 16 devils : and he cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all that were sick : that it might be fulfilled 17 1 Or, through wliicli was spokcu ^ bj Isaiali the prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our diseases. Nov/ when Jesus saw great multitudes about him, 18 he gave commandment to depart unto the other side. 2 Gr. one And there came ^ a scribe, and said unto* him, ^ Master, 19 scribe. J ^yjj]^ follow thee whithersoever thou goest. And 20 8 Or, Teacher ^Q^w^ saitli uuto him, The foxes have holes, and *Gv.io(ig- the birds of the heaven have ^ nests; but the Son of inrj places. ^^^ j^^^j^ ^^^^^ whcro to lay his head. And another 21 of the disciples said unto him, Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father. But Jesus saith unto 22 him. Follow me ; and leave the dead to bury th«ir own dead. And when he was entered into a boat, his disciples 23 followed him. And behold, there arose a great 24 tempest in the sea, insomuch that the boat was covered with the waves: but he was asleep. And 25 they came to him, and awoke him, saying, Save, Lord ; we perish. And he saith unto them, Why are ye fear- 26 ful, O ye of little faith ? Then he arose, and rebuked the winds and the sea ; and there was a great calm. And the men marvelled, saying. What manner of man 27 is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him ? And when he was come to the other side into the ^^ 6 Or, detno- country of the Gadarenes, there met him two ^ possessed ""^ with devils, coming forth out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man could pass by that way. And 29 behold, they cried out, saying, What have we to do with thee, thou Son of God ? art thou come hither to torment us before the time? Now there was 30 afar off from them a herd of many swine feeding, 6 Gr. (lemons. And tlic ^dcvils bcsouglit him, saying, If thou cast us 31 out, send us away into the herd of swine. And he 32 said unto them, Go. And they came out, and went into the swine : and behold, the whole herd rushed down the steep into the sea, and perished in the waters. And they that fed them fled, and went away 33 into the city, and told every thing, and what was be- fallen to them that were ^possessed Avith devils. And 34 9. 16 S. MATTHEW. 15 behold, all the city came out to meet Jesus : and when they saw him, they besought him that he would depart from their borders. g 1 And he entered into a boat, and crossed over, and 2 came into his own city. And behold, they brought to him a man sick of the palsy, lying on a bed : and Jesus seeing their faith said unto the sick of the palsy, 3\Son,be of good cheer; thy sins are forgiven. And i Gr. c/«w. behold, certain of the scribes said within themselves, 4 This man blasphemeth. And Jesus "'^knowing their ''Many thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts ? authorities 5 For whether is easier, to say. Thy sins are forgiven ; read seei»i/. 6 or to say, Arise, and walk? But that ye may know that the Son of man hath ^power on earth to forgive sor, sins (then saith he to the sick of the palsy). Arise, "'"''^'•^^ 7 and take up thy bed, and go unto thy house. And he 8 arose, and departed to his house. But when the multitudes saw it, they were afraid, and glorified God, which had given such ^pov/er unto men. 9 And as Jesus passed by from thence, he saw a man, called Matthew, sitting at the place of toll : and he saith unto him, Follow me. And he arose, and followed him. 10 And it came to pass, as he "^sat at meat in the^cr. r«'- . house, behold, many publicans and siunors came and gj'^7way"*^ 11 sat down with Jesus and his disciples. And when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto his disciples. Why eateth your ^jMastcr with the publicans and sinners ?50r, Tec^her 12 But when he heard it, he said. They that are ^wholeeGr.s^ronflr. have no need of a physician, but they that are sick. 13 But go ye and learn what this meaneth, I desire mercy, and not sacrifice: for I came not to call the righteous, but sinners. 11 Then come to him the disciples of J«ohn, saying, Why do we and the Pharisees fast 'oft, but thy\Somoan- 15 disciples fast not? And Jesus said unto them, Can ti^^omit '.'/<. the sons of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them ? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them, 16 and then will tluy fiist And no man putteth a ]iioco of uudrcijsed cloth upon an old garment ; lor that 16 S. MATTHEW. 9. 16 1 That is, skins itsed as bottles. 20r. . ruler. 8 Or, saved. 4 Or, saved thee ^Gr. this /ante. 6 Or, slernhj 8 Or, 7.1 *Gr. demons. which should fill it up taketh from the garment, and a worse rent is made. Neither do men put new wine 17 into old ^vine-skins: else the skins burst, and the wine is spilled, and the skins })erish : but they put new wine into fresh wine-skins, and both are preserved. While he spake these things unt oth era, behold, 18 there came ^a ruler, and worshipped him, saying, My daughter is even now dead : but come and lay thy hand upon her, and she shall live. And Jesus 19 arose, and followed him, and so did his disciples. And behold, a woman, who had an issue of blood 20 twelve years, came behind him, and touched the border of his garment : for she said within herself, If 1 21 do but touch his garment, I shall be ^made whole. But Jesus turning aud seeing her said. Daughter, be of 22 good cheer ; thy faith hath '^made thee whole. And the woman was ^made whole from that hour. And 23 when Jesus came into the ruler's house, and saw the flute-players, and the crowd making a tumult, he said, 24 Give place: for the damsel is not dead, but sleepelh. Aud they laughed him to scorn. But when the crowd 25 was put forth, he entered in, and took her by the hand ; and the damsel arose. And Hhe fame hereof went 26 forth into all that land. And as Je-us passed by from thence, two blind 27 men followed him, crying out, and saying. Have mercy on us, thou son of David. And when he was 28 come into the house, the blind men came to him : and Jesus saith unto them, Believe ye that I am able to do this ? They say unto him. Yea, Lord. Then 29 touched he their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it done unto you. And their eyes were opened. 30 And Jesus ''strictly charged them, saying. See that no man know it. But they went forth, and spread 31 abroad his fame in all that land. And as they went forth, behold, there was brought 32 to him a dumb man possessed with a Mevil. And 33 when the Mevil was cast out, the dumb man spake: and the multitudes marvelled, saying. It was never so seen in Israel. But the Pharisees said, **By the prince 34 of the Mcvils casteth ho out Mevils. 10. 15 S. MATTHEW. 17 35 And Jesus weut about all the cities and the villages, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdon), and healing all manner of disease and 30 all manner of sickness. But when he saw the multi- tudes, he was moved with compassion for them, because they were distressed and scattered, as sheep 37 not having a shepherd. Then saith he unto his disciples, The harvest truly is plenteous, but the 38 labourers are few. Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he send firth labourers into his harvest. 10 1 Aud he called unto him his twelve disciples, and gave them authority over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all manner of disease and all manner of sickness. 2' Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his 3 brother; Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican ; James the soil of Alpha^us, 4 and Thaddtcus; Simon the ^Canamean, and Judas Is-gjj'^^'\. scariot, who also '^betrayed him. These twelve Jesus io; Acts i.i:i. sent forth, and charged them, saying, sor, deliver- Go not into any way of the Gentiles, and enter not^'^j'^'" "^•■ 6 into any city of the Samaritans: but go rather to the always. 7 lost sheep of the house of Israel. And as ye go, preach, 8 saying, The kingdom of heaven is at hand. Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out gMevils: freely ye received, freely give. Get you no ^Gr. demons. 10 gold, nor silver, nor brass in your ^purses; no wallet