C| \t Sflitfjjmt (&psoplm 
 
 PUBLISHED MONTHLY. 
 
 Yol. YII.] CHARLESTON, FEBRUARY, 1861. [No. 11. 
 
 OZESXjXj^T^TE! ous - 
 
 As this department of our Periodical is open to the discussion of religious questions 
 the Editors must not be considered responsible for the sentiments expressed 
 therein. 
 
 THE CHARACTER AND INFLUENCE OF 
 ABOLITIONISM. 
 
 SERMON PREACHED IN THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 
 OF BROOKLYN, LAST EVENING, BY REV. 
 
 HENRY J. VAN DYKE. 
 
 The First Presbyterian Church, corner of Remson and Clin¬ 
 ton streets, Brooklyn, (says the New York Herald of Monday, 
 the 10th December last,) was densely crowded last evening with 
 a highly intelligent congregation, who listened with marked 
 interest and attention to a discourse from their pastor, Rev. 
 Henry J. Van Dyke, on the Character and Influence of Abo¬ 
 litionism, from a scriptural point of view. In his opening sup¬ 
 plication, the reverend gentleman prayed that Providence 
 would bless our Southern brethren, and restrain the passion 
 of the evil among them ; that the master might be made 
 Christ’s servant, and the servant Christ’s freeman, and so 
 both sit together united in Christian love, in that Church 
 founded by Christ and His Apostles, in which there is neither 
 Greek nor Jew, male nor female, bond nor free, but all are 
 one in Christ Jesus. He also prayed that God would bless 
 the people of the Northern States, restrain the violence of fa¬ 
 natical men, provide for those who, by the agitation of the 
 times have been thrown out of employment, keep the speaker 
 himself from teaching anything that was not in accordance 
 with the Divine will, and disabuse the minus of his hearers of 
 all prejudice and passion, so that they might be willing to be 
 convinced of the truth. 
 
 VOL. VII.— ^No. 1L 
 
 71 
 
564 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 His text was chosen Paul’s First Epistle to Timothy, sixth 
 chapter, from the first to the fifth verse, inclusive : 
 
 1. Let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own 
 masters worthy of all honor, that the name of God and His doc¬ 
 trine he not blasphemed. 
 
 2. And they that have believing masters let them not despise 
 them, because they are brethren ; but rather do them service, be¬ 
 cause they are faithful and beloved partakers of the benefit. 
 These things teach and exhort. 
 
 3. If any man teach otherwise and consent not to wholesome 
 words, even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doc¬ 
 trine which is according to godliness, 
 
 4. He is proud, knowing nothing but doting about questions 
 and strife of words whereof eometli envy, strife, railings, evil sur- 
 mi sings, 
 
 5. Perverse disputings of men of corrupt minds, and destitute 
 of the truth, supposing that gain is godliness : from such withdraw 
 
 thvself. 
 
 %/ 
 
 I propose, he said, to discuss the character and influence of 
 abolitionism. With this view, I have selected a text from the 
 Bible, and propose to adhere to the letter and spirit of its 
 teaching. We acknowledge in this place but one standard of 
 morals, but one authoritative and infalible rule of faith and 
 practice. For we are Christians here ; not blind devotees to bow 
 down to the dictation of any man or church ; not heathen 
 philosophers, to grope our way by the feeble glimmerings of 
 the light of nature ; not modern infidels, to appeal from the 
 written law of God to the corrupt and fickle tribunal of reason 
 and Immunity; but Christians, on whose banner is inscribed 
 this sublime challenge—“ To the law and to the testimony— 
 if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is 
 no lio-ht in them.' 5 
 
 t j 
 
 Let me direct your especial attention to the language of our 
 text. There is no dispute among commentators, there is no 
 room for dispute as to the meaning of the expression “ser¬ 
 vants under the yoke.” Even Mr. Barnes, who is himself a 
 distinguished abolitionist, and has done more perhaps, than 
 any other man in this country, to propogate abolition doctrines, 
 admits that “the addition of the phrase 1 under the yoke’ ” 
 shows undoubtedly that it (£. e. the original word doulos) is to 
 be understood here of slavery. Let me quote another testi¬ 
 mony on this point from an eminent Scotch divine, I mean 
 Dr. McKnight, whose exposition of the epistle is a standard 
 work in Great Britain and in this country, and whose associa¬ 
 tions must exempt him from all suspicion of pro-slavery preju¬ 
 dices. He introduces his exposition of this chapter with the 
 
1861.] Character and Influence of 'Abolitionism.' 
 
 565 
 
 following explanation:—“Because tlie law of Moses allowed 
 no Israelite to be made a slave for life, without his own consent, 
 the Judaizing teachers, to allure slaves to their party, taught 
 that under the gospel likewise involuntary slavery is unlawful. 
 This doctrine the apostle condemned here, as in his other epis¬ 
 tles, by enjoining Christian slaves to honor and obey their 
 masters, whether they were believers or unbelievers, and by 
 assuring Timothy that if any person taught otherwise, he op¬ 
 posed the wholesome precepts of Jesus Christ and the doctrine 
 of the gospel, which in all points is conformable to godliness 
 or sound morality, and was puffed up with pride without pos¬ 
 sessing any true knowledge either of the Jewish or Christian 
 revelation.” Our learned Scotch friend then goes on to ex¬ 
 pound the passage in the following paraphrase, which we com¬ 
 mend to the prayerful attention of all whom it may concern. 
 
 “ Let whatever Christian slaves are under the yoke of unbe¬ 
 lievers pay their own masters all respect and obedience, that 
 the character of God whom we worship may not be calumni¬ 
 ated, and the doctrine of the gospel may not be evil spoken 
 of, as tending to destroy the political rights of mankind. And 
 those Christian slaves who have believing masters, let them 
 not despise them, fancying that they are their equals because 
 they are their brethren in Christ; for, though all Christians 
 are equal as to religious privileges, slaves are inferior to their 
 masters in station. Wherefore, let them serve their masters 
 more diligently, because they who enjoy the benefit of their 
 service are believers and beloved of God. These things 
 teach, and exhort the brethren to practice them. If any one 
 teach differently by affirming that under the gospel slaves are 
 not bound to serve their masters, but ought to be made free, 
 and does not consent to the wholesome commandments which 
 are our Lord Jesus Christ’s, and to the doctrine of the gospel 
 which in all points is conformable to true morality, he is puff¬ 
 ed up with pride and knoweth nothing either of the Jewish or 
 Christian revelations, though he pretends to have great knowl¬ 
 edge of both. But is distempered in his mind about idle 
 questions and debates of words which afford no foundation for 
 such a doctrine, but are the source of envy, contention, evil¬ 
 speaking, unjust suspicion that the truth is not sincerely main¬ 
 tained, keen disputings carried on contrary to conscience, by 
 men wholly corrupt in their minds, and destitute of the true 
 doctrine of the gospel, who reckon whatever produces the most 
 money is the best religion ; from all such impious teachers 
 withdraw thyself, and do not dispute with them.” 
 
 The text, as thus expounded by an American abolitionist 
 
566 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 and a Scotch divine, (whose testimony need not be confirmed 
 by quotations from all the other commentators,) is a prophecy 
 written for these days, and wonderfully applicable to our pre¬ 
 sent circumstances. It gives us a life-like picture of aboli¬ 
 tionism in its principles, its spirit and its practice, and furnish¬ 
 es us plain instruction in regard to our duty in the premises. 
 Before entering upon the discussion of the doctrine, let us 
 define the terms employed. By abolitionism we mean the 
 principles and meaures of abolitionists. And what is an aboli¬ 
 tionist ? He is one who believes that slaveholding is sin, 
 and ouodit therefore to be abolished. This is the fundamen- 
 tal, the characteristic, the essential principal of abolitionism— 
 that slave holding is a sin—that holding men in involuntary 
 servitude is an infringement upon the rights of man, a heni- 
 ous crime in the sight of God. A man may believe on politi¬ 
 cal or commercial grounds that slavery is an undesirable sys¬ 
 tem, and that slave labor is not the most profitable; he may 
 have various views as to the rights of slaveholders under the con¬ 
 stitution of the country ; he may think this or that law upon the 
 statute books of Southern States is wrong ; but this does not con¬ 
 stitute him an abolitionist; to be entitled to that name he must 
 believe that slaveholding is morally wrong. The alleged sinful¬ 
 ness of slaveholdino*, as it is the characteristic doctrine, so it is the 
 strength of abolitionism in all its ramified and various forms. It is 
 by this doctrine that it lays hold upon the hearts and consci¬ 
 ences of men, that it comes as a disturbing force into our ec¬ 
 clesiastical and civil institutions, and by exciting religious ani¬ 
 mosity (which all history proves to be the strongest of human 
 passions,) imparts a peculiar intensity to every contest into 
 which it enters. And you will perceive it is just here that 
 abolitionism presents a proper subject for discussion in the 
 pulpit—for it is one great purpose of the Bible, and therefore 
 one great duty of God’s ministers in its exposition, to show 
 what is sin and what is not. Those who hold the doctrine that 
 slaveholding is sin, and ought therefore to be abolished, differ 
 very much in the extent in which they reduce their theory to 
 practice. In some, this faith is almost without works. They 
 content themselves with only voting in such a way as in their 
 judgment will best promote the ultimate triumph of their 
 views. Others stand off at what they suppose a safe distance, 
 as Shimei did when he stood on an opposite hill to curse King 
 David, and rebuke the sin and denounce divine judgment upon 
 the sinner. Others more practical, if not more prudent, go 
 into the very midst of the alledged wickedness, and teach 
 servants under the yoke” that they ought not to count their 
 
1861.] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 
 
 5 67 
 
 own masters worthy of all honor—that liberty is their inalien¬ 
 able right—which they should maintain, if necessary, even by 
 shedding of blood. Now, it is not for me to decide who of all 
 these are the truest to their own principles. It is not for me 
 to decide whether the man who preaches this doctrine in 
 brave words amid applauding multitudes in the city of Brook¬ 
 lyn, or the one who in the stillness of the night and in the 
 face of the law’s terrors goes to practice the preaching at 
 Harper’s Ferry, is the most consistent abolitionist and the 
 most heroic man. It is not for me to decide which is the most 
 important part of a tree ; and if the tree be poisonous, which 
 is the most injurious, the root, or the branches, or the fruit? 
 But I am here to-night in God’s name, and by His help, to 
 show that this tree of abolitionism is evil and only evil, root 
 and branch, flower and leaf and fruit ; that it springs from 
 and is nourished by an utter rejection of the Scriptures; that 
 it produces no real benefit to the enslaved, and is the fruitful 
 source of division and strife, and infidelity, in both church and 
 State. I have four distinct propositions on the subject to main¬ 
 tain—four theses to nail up over this pulpit and defend, with the 
 Word of God which is the Word of the Spirit: 
 
 I. Abolitionism has no foundation in the Scriptures. 
 
 II. Its principles liave been promulgated chiefly by misrep¬ 
 resentation and abuse. 
 
 III. It leads, in multitudes of cases, and by a logical pro¬ 
 cess, to utter infidelity. 
 
 IV. It is the chief cause of the strife that agitates, and the 
 danger that threatens our country. 
 
 I.—ABOLITIONISM HAS NO FOUNDATION IN SCRIPTURE. 
 
 Passing by the records of the patriarchal age, and waving 
 the question as to those servants in Abraham’s family, who, 
 in the simple but expressive language of Scripture, “were 
 bought with his money,” let us come at once to the tribunal 
 of that law which God promulgated amid the solemnities of 
 Sinai. What said the law and the testimony to that peculiar 
 people over whom God ruled, and for whose institutions He 
 lias assumed the responsibility? The answ r er is in the 25th 
 chapter of Leviticus, in these words: 
 
 “And if thy brother that dwelleth by thee be waxen poor, 
 and be sold unto thee, thou shalt not compel him to serve as 
 a bond servant; but as a hired servant and a sojourner he 
 shall be with thee, and shall serve thee unto the year of jubi¬ 
 lee, and then shall he depart from thee, both he and his chil¬ 
 dren with him.” 
 
 So far, you will observe, the law refers to the children of 
 
Miscellaneous , 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 0 C 8 
 
 Israel, who, by reason of poverty, were reduced to servitude. 
 It was their right to be free at the year of jubilee, unless they 
 chose to remain in perpetual bondage, • for which case provi¬ 
 sion is made in other and distinct enactments. But not so 
 with slaves of foreign birth. There was no year of jubilee 
 provided for them. For what says the law? Bead the 44- 
 46 verses of the same chapter : 
 
 “ Both thy bondmen and thy bondmaids which thou shalt 
 have shall be of the heathen that are round about you. Of 
 them shall ye buy bondmen and bondmaids. Moreover, of 
 the'children of the strangers that do sojourn among you—of 
 them shall ye buy and of their families that are with you, 
 which they beget in your land; and they shall be your pos¬ 
 session. And ye shall take them as an inheritance for your 
 children after you, to inherit them as a possession; they shail 
 be your bondmen forever,” 
 
 There it is, plainly written in the divine law. No legisla¬ 
 tive enactment; no statute framed by legal skill was ever 
 anore explicit and incapable of perversion. When the aboli¬ 
 tionist tells me that slaveholding is sin, in the simplicity of my 
 faith in the Holy Scriptures, I point him to this sacred record, 
 and tell him in all candor, as my text does, that his teaching 
 blasphemes the name of G-od and His doctrine. When he be¬ 
 gins to doat about questions and strifes of words, appealing to 
 the Declaration of Independence, and asserting that the idea 
 of property in men is an enormity and a crime, I still hold him 
 to the record, saying, “ Ye shall take them as an inheritance 
 for your children, after you to inherit them for a possession.” 
 When he waxes warm—as he always does if his opponent quote 
 Scripture, (which is the great test to try the spirits whether 
 they be of God—the very spear of Ithuriel to reveal their true 
 character)—when he gets angry, and begins to pour out his 
 evil surmisings and abuse upon slaveholders—I obey the pre¬ 
 cept which says, “from such withdraw thyself;” comforting 
 myself with this thought, that the wisdom of God is wiser than 
 men, and the kindness of God kinder than men. Philosophers 
 may reason and reformers may rave till doomsday, they never 
 can convince me that God, in the Levitical law, or in any other 
 law, sanctioned sin ; and as I know, from the plain passage I 
 have quoted, and many more like it, that He did sanction 
 slaveholding among his ancient people, I know, also, by the 
 logic of that faith which believes the Bible to be His Word, 
 that slaveholding is not sin. There are men even among pro¬ 
 fessing Christians, and not a few ministers of the Gospel, who 
 ■answer this argument from the Old Testament Scriptures, by a 
 
1S6L] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 
 
 5 GO 
 
 simple denial of tlieir authority. They do not tell us how God 
 could ever or anywhere countenance that which is morally 
 wrong, but they content themselves with saying that the Lev id¬ 
 eal law is no rule of action for us, and they appeal from its 
 decisions to what they consider the higher tribunal of the Gos¬ 
 pel. Let us, therefore, join issue with them before the bar of 
 the New Testament Scriptures. It is a historical truth, ac¬ 
 knowledged on all hands, that at the advent of Jesus Christ, 
 slavery existed all over the civilized world, and was intimately 
 interwoven with its social and civil institutions. In Judea, in 
 Asia Minor, in Greece, in all the countries where the Saviour 
 or his Apostles preached the Gospel, slaveholding was just as 
 common as it is to-day in South Carolina. It is not alledged 
 by any one, or at least by any one having any pretensions to 
 scholarship or candor, that the Boman laws regulating slavery 
 were even as mild as the very worst statues which have been 
 passed upon the subject in modern times. It will not be de¬ 
 nied by any honest and well informed man, that modern civili¬ 
 zation and the restraining influences of the Gospel, have 
 shed ameliorating influences upon the relation between master 
 and slave, which was utterly unknown at the advent of Christi¬ 
 anity. And how did Jesus and his Apostles treat this subject ? 
 Masters and slaves met them at every step in their missionary 
 work, and were present in every audience in which they 
 preached. The Boman law 'which gave the full power of life 
 and death into the master’s hand, was familiar to them, and all 
 the evils connected with the system surrounded them every 
 day as obviously as the light of heaven ; and yet it is a remar¬ 
 kable fact, which the abolitionist does not, because he cannot 
 deny, that the New Testament is utterly silent in regard to the 
 alledo-ed sinfulness of slaveholdino\ In all the instructions of 
 
 o o 
 
 the Saviour—in all the reported sermons of the inspired Apos¬ 
 tles—in all the epistles they were moved by the Holy Spirit, to 
 write for the instructions of coming generatioiis—there is not 
 one distinct and explicit denunciation of slaveholding, nor one 
 precept reqniring the master to emancipate his slaves. Every 
 acknowledged sin is openly and repeatedly condemned and in 
 unmeasured terms. Drunkenness and adultery, theft and 
 murder—all the moral wrongs which ever have been known to 
 afflict society, are forbidden by name; and yet, according to 
 the teaching of abolitionism, this greatest of all sins—this sum 
 of all villanies—is never spoken of except in respectful terms. 
 How can this be accounted for? 
 
 Let Dr. Wayland, whose work on moral science is taught in 
 many of our schools, answer this question, and let parents whose 
 
570 
 
 Miscellaneous . 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 children are studying that book diligently, consider his answer. 
 I quote from Wayland’s Moral Science, page 213: 
 
 “The Gospel was designed not for one race or for one time, 
 but for all races and for all times. It looked not to the aboli¬ 
 tion of slavery for that age alone, but for its univeral abolition. 
 Hence the important object of its author was to gain for it a 
 lodgment in every part of the known world, so that by its uni¬ 
 versal diffusion among all classes of society, it might quietly 
 and peacefully modify and subdue the evil passions of men. In 
 this manner alone could its object—a universal moral revolu¬ 
 tion—have been accomplished. For if it had forbidden the 
 evil, instead of subverting the principle ; if it had proclaimed 
 the unlawfulness of slavery and taught slaves to resist the op¬ 
 pression of their masters, it would instantly have arrayed the 
 two parties in deadly hostility throughout the civilized world; 
 its announcement would have been the signal of servile war, 
 and the very name of the Christian religion would have been 
 forgotten amidst the agitation of universal bloodshed. The fact 
 under these circumstances that the gospel does not forbid 
 slavery, affords no reason to suppose that it does not mean to 
 prohibit it.” 
 
 We pause not now to comment upon the admitted fact that 
 the gospel does not forbid slavery, and that Jesus Christ 
 and His Apostles pursued a course entirely different from 
 that adopted by the abolitionists, including the learned 
 author himself, nor to inquire whether the teaching of abo¬ 
 litionism is not as likely to produce strife and bloodshed in 
 these days, as in the first ages of the church. What we now 
 call attention to and protest against, is the imputation here 
 cast upon Christ and His Apostles. Do you believe the Sa¬ 
 viour sought to insinuate his religion into the earth by conceal¬ 
 ing its real design, and preserving a profound silence in regard 
 of one of the very worst sins it came to destroy? Do you be¬ 
 lieve that wh&n He healed the centurion’s servant, (whom 
 every honest commentator admits to have been a slave,) and 
 pronounced that precious eulogy upon the master, “ I have 
 not seen so great faith in Israel”—do you believe that Jesus 
 suffered that man to live on in sin because he depreceated the 
 consequences of preaching abolitionism? When Paul stood 
 upon Mars’ hill, surrounded by ten thousand times as many 
 slaveholders as they were idols in the city, do you believe that 
 he kept back any part of the requirements of the gospel, be¬ 
 cause he was afraid of a tumult among the people? We ask 
 these abolition philosophers whether, as a matter of fact, idola¬ 
 try and the vices connected with it, were not even more inti- 
 
1861.] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 
 
 571 
 
 mately interwoven with the social and civil life of the Roman 
 empire, than slavery was ? Did the Apostles abstain from 
 preaching against idolatry ? Nay, who does not know that by 
 denouncing this sin they brought down upon themselves the 
 whole power of the Roman empire? Nero covered Chris¬ 
 tian martyrs with pitch and lighted up the city with 
 their burning bodies, just because they would not with¬ 
 hold or compromise the truth in regard to the worship of idols. 
 In the light of that fierce persecution it is a profane trifling 
 for Dr. Wayland or any other man to tell us that Jesus or Paul 
 held back their honest opinions of slavery, in order to avoid “ a 
 servile war, in which the very name of the Christian religion 
 would have been forgotten.” The name of the Christian religion 
 is not so easily forgotten ; nor are God’s great purposes of re¬ 
 demption capable of being defeated by an honest declaration 
 of His truth everywhere and at all times. And yet this phil¬ 
 osophy so dishonoring to Christ and his Apostles, is moulding 
 the character of our young men and women. It comes into 
 our schools and mingles with the very lifeblood of future gene¬ 
 rations, the sentiment that Christ and his Apostles held back 
 the truth, and suffered sin to go unrebuked for fear of the 
 wrath of man. And all this to maintain, at all hazards, and 
 in the face of the Saviour’s example to the contrary, the un- 
 scriptural dogma that slaveholding is sin. But it must be 
 observed in this connection, that the Apostles went much fur¬ 
 ther than to abstain from preaching against slaveholding. 
 They admitted slaveholders to the communion of the church. 
 In our text, masters are acknowledged as “ brethren, faithful 
 and beloved, partakers of the benefit.” If the New Testa¬ 
 ment is to be received as a faithful history, no man w r as ever 
 rejected by the apostolic church upon the ground that be 
 owned slaves. If he abused his powers as a master, if he 
 availed himself of the authority conferred by the Roman law, 
 to commit adultery, or murder, or cruelty, he was rejected for 
 these crimes, just as he would be rejected now for similar 
 crimes from any Christian church in our Southern States. If 
 parents abused or neglected their children, they were censur¬ 
 ed, not for having children, but for not treating them proper¬ 
 ly. And so with the slaveholder. It was not the owning of 
 slaves, but the manner in which he fulfilled the duties ol his 
 station, that made him a subject for church discipline. The 
 mere fact that he was a slaveholder, no more subjected him to 
 censure than the mere fact that he was a father or husband. It is 
 obviously upon the recognized lawfulness of the relation that all 
 the precepts regulating the reciprocal duties of that relation 
 are based. 72 
 
Miscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 These precepts are scattered all through the inspired epis¬ 
 tles. There is not one command or exhortation to emanci¬ 
 pate the slave. The Apostle well knew that for the present, 
 emancipation would be no real blessing to him. But the mas¬ 
 ter is exhorted to be kind and considerate, and the slave to 
 be obedient, that so they might preserve the unity of that 
 church in which their is no distinction between Greek or Jew, 
 male or female, bond or free. Oh, if ministers of the Gospel 
 in this land and age, had but followed Paul as he followed 
 Christ, and, instead of hurling anathemas and exciting wrath 
 against slaveholders, had sought only to bring both master 
 and slave to the fountain of EmanuePs blood ; if tho agencies 
 of the blessed Gospel had only been suffered to work their 
 way quietly, as the light and dew of the morning, into the 
 structure of society, both North and South, how different 
 would have been the position of our country this day before 
 God ! How different would have been the privileges enjoyed 
 by the poor black man’s soul, which, in this bitter contest; has 
 been too much neglected and despised. Then there would 
 have been no need to have converted our churches into mili¬ 
 tary barracks, for collecting firearms to carry on war upon a 
 distant frontier. No need for a sovereign State to excute the 
 fearful penalty of the law upon the invader, for doing no more 
 than honestly to carry out the teaching of abolition preachers, 
 who bind heavy burdens, and grievous to be borne, and lay 
 them on men’s shoulders, while they touch them not with one 
 of their fingers. No need for the widow and the orphan to 
 weep in anguish of heart over those cold graves, for whose 
 dishonor and desolation God will hold the real authors res¬ 
 ponsible. No occasion or pretext for slaveholding States to 
 pass such stringent laws for the punishment of the secret in¬ 
 cendiary, and the prevention of servile war. 
 
 I shall not attempt to show what will be the condition of 
 the African race in this country, when the Gospel shall have 
 brought all classes under its complete dominion. What civil 
 and social relations men will sustain in the time of millenial 
 glory, I do not know. I cordially incline to the current opin¬ 
 ion of our church, that slavery is permitted and regulated by 
 the divine law under both the Jewish and Christian dispensa¬ 
 tions, not as the final destiny of the enslaved, but as an im¬ 
 portant and necessary process in their transition from heathen¬ 
 ism to Christianity—-a wheel in the great machinery of Provi¬ 
 dence, by which the final redemption is to be accomplished. 
 However, this may be, one thing I know, and every abolition¬ 
 ist might know it if he would, that there are Christian families 
 
1 SGI ] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 573 
 
 at the South, in vyliich a patriarchal fidelity and affection sub¬ 
 sist between the bond and the free, and where slaves are bet¬ 
 ter fed and clothed and instructed, and have a better opportu¬ 
 nity for salvation, than the majority of laboring people in the 
 city of New York. If the tongue of abolitionism had only 
 kept silence these twenty years past, the number of such fami¬ 
 lies would be tenfold as great. Fanaticism at the North is one 
 chief stumbling block in the way of the Gospel at the South. 
 This is one great grievance that presses to-day upon the hearts 
 of our Christian brethren in the Southern States. This, in 
 a measure explains why such men as Dr. Thornwell of South 
 -Carolina, Dr. Palmer, of New Orleans—men whose genius and 
 learning and piety, would adorn any State or station—are will¬ 
 ing to secede from the Union. They feel that the influence of 
 the Christian ministry is hindered, and their power to do good 
 to both master and slave crippled, by the constant agitations 
 of abolitionism in our national councils, and the incessant tur¬ 
 moil excited by the unscriptural dogma that slaveholding is 
 sin. They hope that under some other government they may 
 have that peace for the prosecution of their Master’s work, 
 which the constitution of the United States has hitherto failed 
 to secure for them. Whatever I may think of secession as a 
 remedy for the evils complained of, in my heart I do not blame 
 them. My soul is knit to such men with the sympathy of 
 Jonathan for David. Whatever be the result of this contest, 
 the union between their hearts and mine, cemented by the 
 Word and Spirit of God, can never be dissolved. Earth and 
 hell cannot dissolve it. Though my lot is cast in a colder 
 clime, yet in the outgoings of that warm affection to which 
 space is nothing, I will ever say, “ Entreat me not to leave 
 tliee, for your people will be my people, and your God my. 
 God and though we may be separated in body for a while 
 by the dark gulf of political disunion, and by the absorbing 
 strife for which every sound man at the North will soon be 
 called upon to gird himself—the long, long rest of eternity, 
 will afford abundant opportunity for the interchange of our 
 mutual charities. 
 
 II.—THE PRINCIPLES OF ABOLITIONISM HAVE BEEN PROPA¬ 
 GATED CHIEFLY BY MISREPRESENTATION AND ABUSE. 
 
 Having no foundation in Scripture, it does not carry on its 
 warfare by Scripture weapons. Its prevailing spirit is fierce 
 and proud, and its language is full of wrath and bitterness. 
 Let me prove this by testimony from its own lips. 1 quote 
 
574 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 Dr. Channing of Boston, whose name is a tower of strength to 
 the abolition cause, and whose memory is their continual boast. 
 In a work published in 1836, I find the following words: 
 
 “The abolitionist have done wrong, I believe ; nor is their 
 wrong to be winked at, because done fanatically or with good 
 intentions ; for how much mischief may be wrought with good 
 designs! They have fallen into the common error of enthusi¬ 
 asts, that of exaggerating their object, of feeling as if no evil 
 existed but that which they opposed, and as if no guilt could 
 be compared with that of countenancing and upholding it. The 
 tone of their newspapers, so far as I have seen them, has often 
 been fierce, bitter and abusive. They have sent forth their 
 orators, some of them transported with firery zeal, to sound 
 the alarm against slavery through the land, and to gather to¬ 
 gether young and old, pupils from schools, females hardly ar¬ 
 rived at the years of discretion, the ignorant, the excitable, 
 the impetuous, and to organize these into associations for the 
 battle against oppression. Very unhappily they preached their 
 doctrine to the colored people, and collected them into socie¬ 
 ties. To this mixed and excitable multitude, minute heart¬ 
 rending descriptions of slavery were given in piercing tones of 
 passion ; and slaveholders were held up as monsters of cruelty 
 and crime. The abolitionist, indeed, proposed to convert 
 slaveholders; and for this end he approached with vitupera¬ 
 tion, and exhausted on them the vocabulary of abuse. And 
 he has reaped as he sowed.” 
 
 Such is the testimony of Dr. Channing, given in the year 
 1836. What would he have thought and said if he had lived 
 until the year 1860, and seen this little stream, over whose in¬ 
 fant violence he lamented, swelling into a torrent and flooding 
 the land ? Abolitionism is abusive in its persistent misrepre¬ 
 sentation of the legal principles involved in the relation be¬ 
 tween master and slave. They reiterate in a thousand exci¬ 
 ting forms, the assertion that the idea of property in man 
 blots out his manhood and degrades him to the level of a 
 brute or a stone. “ Domestic Slavery,” sajs Dr. Way land, in 
 his work on Moral Science, “supposes at best that the relation 
 between master and slave is not that which exists between man 
 and man, but is a modification atleastofthat which exits between 
 man and the brutes.” Do not these abolitionist philosophers 
 know that according to the laws of every civilized country on 
 earth, a man has property in his children, and a woman has 
 property in her husband V The statutes of the State of New 
 York, and of every other Northern State, recognize and pro¬ 
 tect this property, and our courts of justice have repeatedly 
 
1861. ] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 575 
 
 assessed its value. If a man is killed on a railroad, his wife 
 may bring; suit and recover damages for the pecuniary loss 
 she has suffered. If one man entice away the daughter of 
 another, and marry her while she is still under age, the father 
 may bring a civil suit for damages for the loss of that child’s 
 services, and the pecuniary compensation is the only redress 
 the law provides. Thus the common law of Christendom and 
 the statutes of our own State recognize property in man. In 
 what does that property consist? Simply in such services as 
 a man or a child may properly be required to render. This is 
 all that the Levitical law, or any other law means, when it 
 says, “ Your bondmen shall be your possession or property, and 
 an inheritance for your children.” The property consists not in 
 the right to treat the slave like a brute, but simply in a legal 
 claim for such services as a man in that position may properly 
 be required to render. And yet Abolitionists, in the face of 
 the Divine law, persist in denouncing the very relation be¬ 
 tween master and slave, “as a modification at least, of that 
 which exists between man and the brutes.” This, however, is 
 not the worst or most prevalent form which their abusive spirit 
 assumes. Their mode of arguing the question of slaveholding, 
 by a pretended appeal to facts, is a tissue of misrepresentation 
 from beginning to end. Let me illustrate my meaning by a 
 parallel case. Suppose I undertake to prove the wickedness 
 of marriage as it exists in the city of New York. In this dis¬ 
 cussion, suppose the Bible is excluded, or at least that it is not 
 recognized as having exclusive jurisdiction in the decision of 
 the question. My first appeal is to the statute law of the 
 State. I show there enactments which nullify the law of God 
 and make divorce a marketable and cheap commodity. I col¬ 
 lect the advertisements of your daily papers, in which lawyers 
 offer to procure the legal separation of man and wife for a 
 stipulated price, to say nothing in this sacred place of other 
 advertisements, which decency forbids me to quote. Then I turn 
 to the records of our criminal courts, and find that every day 
 some cruel husband beats his wife, or some unnatural parent 
 murders his child, or some discontented wife or husband seeks 
 the dissolution of the marriage bond. In the next place, I 
 turn to the orphan asylums and hospitals, and show there the 
 miserable wrecks of domestic tyranny, in wives deserted, and 
 children maimed by drunken parents. In the last place I go 
 through our streets and into our tenement houses, and count 
 the thousands of ragged children, who, amid ignorance and 
 filth, are training for the prison and gallows. Summing all 
 these facts together, I put them forth as the fruits of marriage 
 
57 C 
 
 Miscellaneous . 
 
 [Feb 
 
 in the city of New York, and a proof that the relation itself is 
 sinful. If I were a novelist, and had written a book to illus¬ 
 trate this same doctrine, I would call this array of facts a 
 “ Key.” In this key I say nothing about the sweet charities 
 and affections that flourish in ten thousand homes, not a word 
 about the multitude of loving kindnesses that characterize the 
 daily life of honest people, about the instruction and discipline 
 that are training children at ten thousand firesides for useful¬ 
 ness here and glory hereafter ; all this I ignore, and quote only 
 the statute books, the newspapers, the records of criminal 
 courts and the miseries of the abode of poverty. Now, what 
 have I done ? I have not misstated or exaggerated a single 
 fact. And yet am I not a falsifier and slanderer of the deep¬ 
 est die ? Is there a virtuous woman or an honest man in this 
 city, whose cheeks would not burn with indignation at my one¬ 
 sided and injurious statements? But, this is just what aboli¬ 
 tionism has done in regard to slaveholding. It has undertak¬ 
 en to illustrate its cardinal doctrine in works of fiction, and 
 then, to sustain the creation of its fancy, has attempted to un¬ 
 derpin it with an accumulation of facts. These fact are col¬ 
 lected in precisely the way I have described. The statute 
 books of slaveholding States are searched, and every wrong 
 enactment collated, newspaper reports of cruelty and crime on 
 the part of wicked masters are treasured up and classified, all 
 the outrages that have been perpetrated “ by lowed fellows of 
 the basser sort,” of whom they are plenty, both North and 
 South, are eagerly seized and recorded, and this mass of vile¬ 
 ness and filth collected from the kennels and sewers of society, 
 is put forth as a faithful exhibition of slaveholding. Senators 
 in the forum, and ministers in the pulpit, distil this raw mate¬ 
 rial into the more refined slander, “ that Southern society is 
 essentially barbarous, and that slaveholding had its origin in 
 hell.” Legislative bodies enact and re-enact statutes which 
 declare that slaveholding is such an enormous crime, that if a 
 Southern man, under the broad shield of the Constitution, and 
 with the decisions of the Supreme Court of the country in his 
 hand, shall come within their jurisdiction, and set up a claim to 
 a fugitive slave, he shall be punished with a fine of $2,000 and 
 fifteen years imprisonment. This method of argument has 
 continued, until multitudes of honest Christian people in this 
 and other lands believe that slaveholding is the sin of sins, 
 the sum of all villauies. Let me illustrate this by an incident 
 in iny own experience. A few years since I took from the cen¬ 
 tre table of a Christian family in Scotland, by whom I had 
 been most kindly entertained, a book entitled “ Life and Man- 
 
1861.] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 
 
 577 
 
 ners in America.” On the blank leaf was an inscription, stat¬ 
 ing that the book had been bestowed upon one of the children 
 of the family, as a reward of diligence in an institution of 
 learning. The frontispiece was a picture of a man of fierce 
 countenace, beating a naked woman. The contents of the 
 book were professedly compiled from the testimony of Ameri¬ 
 cans upon the subject of slavery. I dare not quote in this 
 place, the extracts which I made in my memorandum. It 
 will be sufficient to say, that the book asserts as undoubted 
 facts that the banks of the Mississippi are studdied with iron 
 gallows for the punishment of slaves—that in the city of 
 
 Charleston the bloody blocks on which masters cut off’ the 
 
 «/ 
 
 hands of disobedient servants, may be seen in the public 
 squares, and that sins against chastity are common and unre¬ 
 buked in professedly Christian families. 
 
 Now in my heart, I did not feel angry at the author of that 
 book, nor at the school teacher who bestowed it upon his 
 scholar, for in Christian charity I gave them credit for honesty 
 in the case, but standing there a stranger among the martyr 
 memories of that glorious land to which my heart had so often 
 made its pilgrimage, I did feel that you and I, and every man 
 in America, was wronged by the revilers of their native land, 
 who teach foreigners that hanging, and cutting off hands, and 
 beating women, are the characteristics of our life and man¬ 
 ners. 
 
 But we need not go to foreign lands for proof that aboli¬ 
 tionism has carried on its warfare by the language of abuse* 
 The annual meeting of the American Anti-Slavery Society, 
 brings the evidence to our doors. We have been accustomed 
 to laugh at these vernal exhibitions of fanaticism, not thinkimr 
 perhaps, that what was fun to us was working death to our 
 brethren, whose property and reputation we are bound to 
 protect. The fact is, we have suffered a fire to be built in obf 
 midst, whose sparks have been scattered far and wide ; and 
 now when the smoke of the conflagration comes back to blind 
 our eyes, and the heat of it begins to scorch our industrial 
 and commercial interests, it will not do for us to say that the 
 »utterances of that society are the ravings of a fanatical and 
 insignificant few ; for the men who compose it are honored in 
 our midst with titles and offices. 
 
 Its President is a Chief Justice of the State of New Jersey* 
 The ministers who have thrown over its doings the sanction of 
 our holy religion, are quoted and magnified all over the land as 
 the representative men of the age; and the man who stood 
 up in its deliberations in the year 1852, and exhausted the 
 
578 
 
 Miscellaneous . 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 vocabulary of abuse upon the compromise measures, and the 
 great statesmen who framed them, is now a Judge in our 
 courts and the guardian of our lives and property. 
 
 It will doubtless be said that misrepresentation and abuse 
 have not been confined, in the progress of this unhappy con¬ 
 test to the abolitionists of the North ; that demagogues and 
 self-seeking men at the South, have been violent and abusive, 
 and that newspapers professedly in the interests of the South, 
 with a spirit which can be charactized as little less than dia¬ 
 bolical, have circulated every scandal in the most aggravated 
 and irritating form. But suppose all this to be granted— 
 what then? Can Christian men justify or palliate the wrath 
 and evil speaking which are at their own doors, by pointing to 
 the retaliation which it has provoked from their neighbors ? 
 If I were preaching to-day to a Southern audience, it would be 
 my duty, and I trust God would give me grace to perform it, 
 to tell them of their sins in this matter ; and especially would 
 it be my privilege, as a minister of the Gospel of peace—a 
 privilege from which no false views of manhood should prevent 
 me—to exhort and beseech them as brethren. I would as¬ 
 sure them that there are multitudes here who still cherish the 
 memory of the battle fields and council chambers, where our 
 fathers cemented this Union of States, and who will stand by 
 the compact of that constitution to the utmost extremity. 
 
 I would tell the thousands of Christian ministers, among 
 whom are some of the brightest ornaments of the American 
 pulpit, and tens of thousands of Christian men and women to¬ 
 wards whom, while the love of Christ burns in me, my 
 heart never can grow cold, that if they will only be patient 
 and hope to the end, all wrongs may yet be righted.—- 
 Therefore, I would beseech them not to put a great gulf be¬ 
 tween us, and cut off the very opportunity for reconciliation 
 upon an honorable basis, by a revolution whose end no hu¬ 
 man eye can see. But, then, I am not preaching at the South. 
 
 I stand here at one of the main fountain heads of the abuse 
 we have complained of. 
 
 I stand here to rebuke this sin, and exhort the guilty par¬ 
 ties to repent and forsake it. It is magnanimous and Christ-* 
 like for those from whom the first provocation came, to make 
 the first concessions. 
 
 The legislative enactments which are in open and acknowl¬ 
 edged violation of the constitution, and whose chief design is 
 to put a stigma upon slaveholding, must and will be repealed. 
 Truth and justice will ultimately prevail; and God’s blessing 
 and the blessings of generations yet unborn will rest upon 
 
1861.] Character and Influence of Abolitionism . 
 
 579 
 
 that party, in this unhappy contest, who first stand forth to 
 utter the language of conciliation and proffer the olive branch 
 of peace. The great fear is that the reaction will come too 
 late ; but sooner or later it will come. Abolitionism ought to 
 and one day will change the mode of its warfare, and adopt a 
 new vocabulary. I believe in the liberty of the press and iu 
 freedom of speech; but I do not believe that any man has a 
 right before God, or in the eye of civilized law, to speak and pub-* 
 lish what he pleases without regard to the consequences. With 
 the eonsciencious convictions of our fellow-citizens, neither we 
 nor the law have any right to interfere ; but the law ought to 
 protect all men from the utterance of libellous words, whose 
 only effect is to create division and strife. 
 
 I trust and pray, and call upon you to unite with me in the 
 supplication, that God would givo abolitionists repentance and 
 a better mind, so that in time to come they may at least pro j 
 pagate their principles in decent and respectful language. 
 
 III.—‘ABOLITIONISM LEADS IN MULTITUDES OF CASES, AND 
 BY A LOGICAL PROCESS TO UTTER INFIDELITY. 
 
 On this point I would not and will not be misunderstood. I do 
 not say that abolitionism is infidelity. I speak only of the ten¬ 
 dencies of the system as indicated in its avowed principles and 
 demonstrated in its practical fruits. 
 
 One of its avowed principles is that it does not try slavery 
 by the Bible ; but as one of its leading advocates has recent-* 
 ly declared, it tries the Bible by the principles of freedom. It 
 insists that the Word of God must be made to support certain 
 human opinions, or forfeit all claims upon our faith. That I 
 may not be suspected of exaggeration on this point, let me 
 quote from the recent work of Mr. Barnes, a passage which 
 may well arrest the attention of all thinking men ; 
 
 “ There are great principles in our nature, as God has made 
 us, which can never be set aside by any authority of a profess¬ 
 ed revelation. If a book claiming to be a revelation from 
 God, by any fair interpretation defended slavery, or placed it 
 on the same basis as the relation of husband and wife, parent 
 and child, guardian and ward, such a book would not, and 
 could not be received by the mass of mankind as a Divine 
 revelation.” 
 
 This assumption, that men are capable of judging before-* 
 hand what is to be expected in a Divine revelation, is the 
 cockatrice’s egg, from which in all ages heresies have been 
 hatched. This is the spider’s webb which men have spun out of 
 their own brains, and clinging to which, they have attempted 
 
 73 
 
Miscellaneous. 
 
 'O 
 
 SO 
 
 j Feb. 
 
 to swing over the yawning abyss of infidelity. Alas, how many 
 have fallen in and been dashed to pieces! When a man sets 
 op the great principles of oor nature (by which he always means 
 his own preconceived opinions) as the supreme tribunal before 
 which even the law of God must be tried—when a man says 
 “the Bible must teach abolitionism or I will not received it,” 
 he has already cut loose from the sheet anchor of faith. True 
 belief says “Speak, Lord, thy servant waits to hear.” Abo¬ 
 litionism says, “ Speak, Lord, but speak in accordance with 
 the principles of human nature, or thy word cannot be received 
 by the great mass of mankind as a Divine revelation.” The fruit 
 of such principles is just what we might expect. Wherever the 
 seed of abolitionism has been sown broadcast, a plentiful crop 
 of infidelity has sprung up. In the communities where anti-sla¬ 
 very excitement has been most prevalent, the power of the 
 Gospel has invariably declined; and when the tide of fanati¬ 
 cism begins to subside, the wrecks of church order and of 
 Christian character have been scattered on the shore. I mean 
 no disrespect to New England—to the good men who there 
 stand by the ancient landmarks and contend earnestly for the 
 truth—nor to the illustrious dead, whose praise is in all the 
 churches ‘ T but who does not know that the States in which 
 abolitionism has achieved its most signal triumphs, are at the 
 same time the great strongholds of infidelity in the land? I 
 have often thought that if some of those old pilgrim fathers 
 could come back, in the spirit and power of Elias, to attend a 
 grand celebration at Plymouth rock, they might well preach 
 on this text:. “ If ye were Abraham’s childreh, ye would do 
 the works of Abraham.” The effect of abolitionism upon indi¬ 
 viduals is no less striking and mournful, than its influence upon 
 communities. It is a remarkable and instructive fact, and one 
 at which Christian men would do well to pause and consider, 
 that in this eonntrv all the prominent leaders of abolitionism, 
 outside of the ministry, have become avowed infidels ; and that 
 all our notorious abolition preachers have renounced the great 
 doctrines of grace, as they are taught in the standards of the 
 reformed churches—have resorted to the most violent processes 
 of interpretation, to avoid the obvious meaning of plain Scrip¬ 
 tural texts, o»nd ascribed to the Apostles of Christ principles, 
 from which piety and moral courage instinctively revolt. They 
 make that to be sin which the Bible does not declare to be sin. 
 They denounce in language such as the sternest prophets of 
 the Law never employed, a relation which Jesus and His Apos¬ 
 tles recognized and regulated. They seek to institute terms 
 and texts of Christian communion utterly at variance with the 
 
18G1.] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 
 
 58 r 
 
 organic law of the church as founded by its Divine Head ; and, 
 attempting to justify this usurpation of Divine perogatives by 
 an appeal from God’s law, to the dictates of fallen human na¬ 
 ture, they would set up a spiritual tyranny more odious and 
 insufferable, because more arbitrary and uncertain in its deci¬ 
 sions, than Popery itself. And as the tree is, so have its fruits 
 been. It is not a theory, but a demonstrated fact, that aboli¬ 
 tionism leads to infidelity. Such men as Garrison, and Gid- 
 dings, and Gerrit Smith, have yielded to the current of their 
 own principles, and thrown the Bible overboard. Thousands 
 of humbler men who listen to abolition preachers, will go and 
 do likewise. And whether it be the restraints of official posi¬ 
 tion, or the preventing grace of God, that enables such preach¬ 
 ers to row up the stream and regard the authority of Scripture 
 in other matters, their influence upon this one subject is all the 
 more pernicious, because they prophecy in the name of Christ. 
 In this sincere and plain utterance of my deep convictions, I 
 am only discharging my conscience towards the flock over 
 which I am set. When the shepherd soeth the wolf, coming 
 he is bound to give warning. 
 
 o & 
 
 IV.—ABOLITIONISM IS THE CHIEF CAUSE OF THE STRIFE 
 
 THAT AGITATES, AND THE DANGER THAT 
 THREATENS OUR COUNTRY. 
 
 Here, as upon the preceding point, I will not be misunder¬ 
 stood. 1 am not here as the advocate or opponent of any po¬ 
 litical party ; and it is no more than simple justice for me to 
 say plainly, that I do not consider Republican and Abolition¬ 
 ist, as necessarily synonymous terms. There are tens of thou¬ 
 sands of Christian men who voted with the successful party in 
 the late election, who do not sympathize with the principles or 
 aims of abolitionism. Among these are some beloved mem¬ 
 bers of my own flock, who will not hesitate a moment to put 
 the seal of their approbation upon the doctrine of this dis¬ 
 course. And what is still more to the point, there seems to be 
 sufficient evidence that the man who has just been chosen to 
 be the head of this nation, is among the more conservative 
 and Bible-loving men of his party. We have no fears that if 
 the new administration could be quietly inaugurated, it would 
 or could abolitionize the government. There are honest peo¬ 
 ple enough in the Northern States to prevent such a result. 
 But, then, while this is admitted as a simple matter of truth 
 and justice, it cannot be denied, on the other hand, that aboli¬ 
 tionism did enter with all its characteristic bitterness into the 
 recent contest, that result never could have been accomplish- 
 
582 
 
 M iscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 ed without its assistance, and that it now appropriates the vic¬ 
 tory in words of ridicule and scorn, that sting* like a serpent. 
 Let me give you as a single speciment of the spirit in which 
 abolitionism has carried on its political warfare, an extract from 
 a journal which claims to have a larger circulation than any 
 other religious paper in the land. I quote from the New York 
 Independent, of September, 1856 : 
 
 “ The people will not levy war nor inaugurate a revolution, 
 even to relieve Kansas, until they have first tried what they 
 they can do by voting. If this peaceful remedy should fail to 
 be applied this year, then the people will count the cost wisely 
 and decide for themselves boldly and firmly, which is the better 
 way, to rise in arms and throw off* a government worse than that 
 of old King George, or endure it another four vears and then 
 
 O 7 
 
 vote again.” 
 
 Such is the spirit—such the love to the constitution and 
 ’Union of these States, with which this religious sentiment has 
 entered into and seeks to control our party politics. 
 
 This passage is not quoted as an extraordinary one for the 
 columns of the Independent, for that paper is accustomed to 
 breathe out threatenings and slaughter. It is but a fair illus- 
 tration of the fierce spirit which this so-called religious Journal 
 infuses into the families, where it is a weekly visitor, and of 
 the opinions concerning the United States government, it seeks 
 to disseminate. The passage quoted has a special significance, 
 however, in view of its date September , 1856. The opinions 
 of the Editors appear to have undergone a wonderful change 
 in four years; and forgetting that they have been the violent 
 advocates, not only of disunion, but of civil war, they have be¬ 
 come loud in rebuking secession at the South. The genius of 
 
 o o 
 
 the constitution might w T ell say to such defenders, “What hast 
 thou to do to declare my statues, or that thou shouldst take 
 my covenant in thy mouth?” 
 
 But we deceive ourselves if we suppose that our present dan¬ 
 gers are of a birth so recent as 1856. As the questions now 
 before the country rise in their magnitude above all party in¬ 
 terests and ought at once to blot out all party lines, so their 
 origin is found far back of all party organizations as they now 
 exist. 
 
 An article published twenty years ago in the Princeton Ite- 
 view, contains this remarkable language: 
 
 O O 
 
 “ The opinion that slaveholding is itself a crime, must oper¬ 
 ate to produce the disunion of the States, and the division of 
 all ecclesiastical societies in this country. Just so far as this 
 opinion operates, it will lead those who entertain it to submit 
 
18C1.] Character and Influence of Abolitionism. 5S3 
 
 to any sacrifices to carry it out and give it effect. We shall 
 become two nations in feeling, which must soon render us two 
 nations in fact.” 
 
 The words are wonderfully prophetic, and they who read 
 the signs of the times must see that the period of their fulfil¬ 
 ment draws near. In regard to ecclesiastical societies, the di¬ 
 vision foretold is already in a great measure accomplished. 
 Three of our great religious denominations have been rent in 
 twain, by the simple question, “Is slaveholding a sin?” 
 
 It yet remains to be seen whether the American Tract So- 
 ciety, and the American Board of Foreign Missions will be 
 revolutionized and dismembered bv a contest, which, we are 
 told, is to be annually renewed. In regard to the Union of 
 these States there is too much reason to fear that “ we are al¬ 
 ready two nations in feeling,” and to anticipate the near ap¬ 
 proach of the calamity, which shall blot out some of the stars 
 in our ensign and make us two nations in fact. 
 
 And, what has brought us to the verge of this precipice ? 
 Wh at evil spirit has put enmity between the seed of those whom 
 God by His blessings on the wisdom and sacrifices of our fath¬ 
 ers made one flesh? What has created and fostered this alie¬ 
 nation between the North and the South until disunion—that 
 used to be whispered in corners—stalks forth in open daylight 
 and is recognized as a necessity by multitudes of thinking men 
 in all sections of the land? . I believe before God, that this 
 division of feeling, of which actual disunion will be but the ex- 
 pression and embodiment, was begotten of abolitionism, has 
 been rocked in its cradle and fed with its poisoned milk, and 
 instructed by its ministers, until girded with a strength which 
 comes not altogether of this upper world, it is taking hold 
 upon the pillars of the constitution and shattering the noble 
 fabric to its base. 
 
 There was a time when the constitutional questions between 
 the North and South—the conflict of material interests grow- 
 ing out of their differences in soil and production, were dis¬ 
 cussed in the spirit of statemanship and Christian courtesy. 
 Then, such men as Daniel Webster on the one side, and Calhoun 
 on the other, stood up face to face and defended the rights of 
 their respective constituency in words which will be quoted as 
 long as the English tongue shall endure, as a model of elo¬ 
 quence and a pattern of manly debate. But abolitionism be¬ 
 gan to creep in. It came first as a purely “ moral” question ; 
 but very soon its doctrines were embraced by a sufficient num¬ 
 ber, to hold the balance of power between contending parties 
 in many districts and States. Aspirants for the Presidency 
 
5S4 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 seized upon it as a weapon for gratifying their ambition or 
 avenging their disappointments. Under the shadow of their 
 patronage, sincere abolitionist became more bold and abusive 
 in advocating their principles. The unlawful and wicked busi¬ 
 ness of enticing slaves from their masters, was pushed forward 
 with increasing zeal. Men, who in the better days of the re¬ 
 public could not have obtained the smallest office, were elected 
 to Congress upon this single issue ; and ministers of the Gos¬ 
 pel descended from the pulpit to mingle religious animosity 
 with the boiling cauldron of political strife. Nor was this pro¬ 
 cess confined to one side of the contest. Abuse always pro¬ 
 vokes recriminations. So long as human nature is passionate, 
 hard words will be responded to by harder blows. And now 
 behold the result! In the halls where Webster and Calhoun, 
 Adams and McDuffie rendered the very name of American 
 statemanship illustrious, and revived the memory of classic elo¬ 
 quence, we have heard the outpouring of both Northern and 
 Southern violence, from men who must be nameless in this sa¬ 
 cred place; and in the land where such slaveholders as Wash¬ 
 ington and Madison united with Hamilton and Hancock, in 
 cementing the Union which the}' fondly hoped would be per¬ 
 petual, commerce and manufactures, and all our great industri¬ 
 al and governmental interests, are trembling on the verge of 
 dissolution ; and as abolitionism is the great mischief maker be¬ 
 tween the North and South, so it is the great stumbling block 
 in the way of a peaceful settlement of our difficulties. Its 
 voice is still for war. The spirit of conciliation and compro¬ 
 mise it utterly abhors, and, mingling a horrid mirth with its 
 madness, puts into the hands of the advocates of secession, 
 the very fans with which to blow the embers of strife into a 
 flame. One man threw a torch into the great temple of the 
 Ephesians, and kindled a conflagration which a hundred thou¬ 
 sand brave men could not extinguish. One man fiddled and 
 sang, and made his courtiers laugh amid the burning of Rome, 
 and the abolition preacher “ feels good” and overflows with 
 merriment when he sees our merchants and laboring men run¬ 
 ning after their chests and the bread of their families “ as if all 
 
 o 
 
 creation was after them,” and snuffs on the Southern breeze the 
 scent of servile and civil war. Oh, shame—shame that it 
 should come to this; and the name of our holy religion be so 
 blasphemed! Let us hope in Christian charity that such men 
 do not comprehend the danger that stares them in the face. In¬ 
 deed, who of us does fully comprehend it? In the eloquent 
 words of Daniel Webster, “ While the Union lasts, we have 
 high, exciting, gratifying prospects spread out before us, for 
 
18G1.] Character and, Influence of Abolitionism. 585 
 
 ns and for our children. Beyond that I seek not to penetrate the 
 veil. God grant that in ray day, at least, that curtain may 
 not rise.” 
 
 I repeat the noble sentiment; God grant that in my day, at 
 least, the curtain may not rise ! Let the night of the grave 
 envelope these eyes in its peaceful sleep, ere their balls are 
 reared with the vision of dissolution and civil war. He must 
 be blind who does not perceive that such a vision is just ready 
 to burst upon us. 
 
 A kind and wonderful providence has so tempered the 
 body of these States together, so bound and interlaced 
 them with commercial and social ties, to say nothing of legal 
 obligations, that no member can be severed and especially no 
 contest can be waged among the members, without a quiver¬ 
 ing and anguish in every nerve, and a stagnation in the vital 
 currents of all. Let one star be blotted out from our ensign, 
 and the moral gravitation which holds all in their orbits will be 
 paralyzed, if not utterly destroyed. The living example of 
 successful secession for one cause, will suggest the same course 
 for another; and unless God gives our public men a wisdom 
 and forbearance, of which the past few years have afforded 
 too little evidence, the dissolution of this Union will be the 
 signal for the disintegration of its elements. In such a chaos 
 let us not flatter ourselves that we shall be in entire peace and 
 safety. The contest on whose perilous edge we seem to stand 
 cannot be merely sectional—all the North on the one side, 
 and all the South on the other. It is a conflict that will run 
 the ploughshare of division through every State and neighbor¬ 
 hood of the land. Abolition orators may talk about what 
 “ we of the North” will do and will not do, as though all the 
 people had bowed down to worship the image they had set up; 
 but other men beside them will claim the right to speak— 
 other interests will need to be conserved besides the cause 
 upon which they arrogantly assume, that victory perches and 
 the smile of heaven rests. “Let not him who putteth on his 
 armour boast as he that putteth it off.” When the thousands 
 of working men w r hose subsistence depends upon our trade with 
 the South, many of whom have been deluded by abolition 
 demagogues, shall clamour in our streets for bread, free la¬ 
 bor may present some problems which political economy has not 
 solved. And w T hen the commerce of this cosmopolitan city is 
 parallyzed, and all her benevolent and industrial institutions are 
 withering in the heat of this unnatural contest, it may become 
 a question—nay, is it not already whispered in your counting- 
 houses—whether this great metropolis can be separated from 
 
5S6 
 
 Miscellaneous 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 the people with whom her interests and her heart is bound up, 
 and continue to be controlled by a legislative policy against 
 which she is continually protesting? or whether, following the 
 great lights of history, she will at all hazards set up for herself, 
 and unbolting the gateway of her magnificent harbor, invite 
 the free trade of the world to pour its riches into her bosom? 
 Such are a fe^v of the problems which bring the question of a 
 dissolution of the Union home to us. If we were sure of a 
 peaceful solution at whatever pecuniary or social sacrifice, 
 we would not feel so deeply nor speak so earnestly. But 
 who knows that it will be peaceful ? Where is the surgeon 
 who can sever even one member from this body politic, with¬ 
 out the shedding of blood? Where is the statesman or politi¬ 
 cal economist who will undertake to control the parties, or di¬ 
 rect the industrial interests of any one State, amid the confu¬ 
 sion and alarm of disulution ? Let us not deceive ourselves. 
 The chasm before us is a yawning abyss, into whose depths no 
 eye but God’s can penetrate. Other men may cry “ who’s 
 afraid ?” and whistle to keep their courage up ; but I confess 
 my fears. Through the curtain that is about to rise, I see 
 shadows at which the horror of a great darkness settles down 
 upon my spirit, and the hair of my flesh stands up. 
 
 Oh, my country ! I have loved thee with an affection pass¬ 
 ing the love of woman ! The glories of thy history, mingled 
 with the lifeblood of my childhood; thy prosperity has been 
 the pride and boast of my riper years; and, mingling in my 
 heart the love of country with the love of Christ, I have cher¬ 
 ished the hope that thy brightness would never be diminished 
 until it blended with the glories of the millennial day; that 
 thy consummation would be like the setting of the morning 
 star, 
 
 “ Which goes not down 
 Behind the darkened west, nor hides obscured 
 Among the tempests of the sky, but melts away 
 Into the light of heaven.” 
 
 And must this precious hope be dispelled ? Must this light 
 go out; and the brightest prospect the world ever beheld, 
 disappear amid confused noise, and garments rolled in blood ? 
 Must the interest of thirty millions of white men be sacrified, 
 and the run of civilization be turned back upon the dial 
 of the world’s history, by a fanaticism which all experience 
 proves to be the black man s bitterest enemy ? 
 
 Let ns appeal to the God of peace, in whose hands are the 
 hearts of all men, to dispel the fearful vision, to infuse His 
 loving spirit into our national councils, to give our public men 
 
1861.] 
 
 Poetry. 
 
 587 
 
 the meekness of wisdom, and to bind the hearts of all the peo¬ 
 ple once more in bonds of brotherly kindness. 
 
 But if we would have these supplications answered, let us 
 prove our faith by our works ; take the beam out of our own 
 eye, and obey the twofold precept of the text: “ These things 
 teach and exhort, and if any man teach otherwise, from such 
 withdraw thyself.” 
 
 SELECTED, 
 
 “DOMING QUO YADIS. 7" 
 
 There stands in the old Appian way, 
 
 Two miles without the Roman wall, 
 
 A little ancient church, and grav: 
 
 Long may it moulder not, nor fall! 
 
 There hangs a legend on the name 
 One reverential thought may claim. 
 
 ’Tis written of that firey time, 
 
 When all the angered evil powers 
 Leagued against Christ for wrath and crime, 
 How Peter left the accursed towers, 
 Passing from out the guilty street, 
 
 And shook the red dust from his feet. 
 
 Sole .pilgrim else in that lone road, 
 
 Suddenly he was ’ware of One 
 Who toiled beneath a weary load. 
 Bareheaded in the beating sun. 
 
 Pale with long watches and forespent 
 With harm and evil accident. 
 
 Under a Cross His weak limbs bow, 
 Scarcely His sinking strength avails, 
 
 A crown of thorns is on His brow, 
 
 And in His hands the print of nails. 
 
 So friendless and alone in shame, 
 
 One like the Man of Sorrows came. 
 
 Read in her eyes who gave thee birth, 
 
 That loving, tender, sad rebuke ; 
 
 Then learn no mother on this earth, 
 
 How dear soever, shaped a look 
 So sweet, so sad, so pure as now 
 Came from beneath that holy brow. 
 
 And deeply Peter’s heart it pierced, 
 
 Once had he seen that look before ; 
 
 And even now as at the first. 
 
 It touched, it smote him to the core. 
 Bowing his head, no word save three 
 He spoke—“ Quo Vadis Domine ?” 
 
 Then as he looked up from the ground, 
 
 His Saviour made him answer due— 
 
 My son, to Rome I go thormcrowned, 
 
 74 
 
588 
 
 Miscellaneous, 
 
 [Feb 
 
 There to he crucified anew ; 
 
 Since he to whom I gave my sheep 
 Leaves them for other men to keep." 
 
 Then the saint’s eyes grew dim with tears, 
 
 He kneltj his Master’s feet to kiss— 
 
 “ I vexed my heart with faithless fears, 
 
 Pardon Thy servant, Lord, for this." 
 
 Then rising up—but none was there— 
 
 No voice, no sound, in earth or air. 
 
 Straightway his footsteps he retraced, 
 
 As one who hath a work to do. 
 
 Back through the gates lie passed with haste, 
 Silent, alone, and full in view ; 
 
 And lay forsaken, save of One, 
 
 In dungeon deep ere set of sun. 
 
 Then he, who once, apart from ill, 
 
 Nor taught the depth of human tears, 
 
 Girded himself and walked at will, 
 
 As one rejoicing in the years, 
 
 Girded of others, scorned and slain, 
 
 Passed heavenward through the gates of pain. 
 
 If any bear a heart within, 
 
 Well may these walls be more than stone, 
 
 And breathe of peace and pardoned sin 
 To him who grieveth all alone, 
 
 Eelurn, faint heart, and strive thy strife; 
 
 Fight, conquer, grasp the crown of life. 
 
 Blackicood's Magazine. 
 
 CHEVALIER BUNSEN, AND OUR PRESENT 
 
 TROUBLES. 
 
 A few weeks ago, w r e mentioned the death of this distinguish¬ 
 ed man. Many of our readers will remember him as one of 
 Dr. Arnold’s correspondents ; as the Prussian Ambassador to 
 England, and one of the most distinguished of European sa- 
 vans. The Rev. Dr. Winslow writes to the N. Y. Observer, 
 of a conversation he had with him in regard to the question of 
 slavery. The following are his views :— So. Churchman. 
 
 “Have you no fear, my dear sir, said he, that incurable dis¬ 
 affection will yet arise between the Northern and Southern 
 States on the slavery question ? You are bound together by 
 mutual affection, that is the very genius of the republic ; and 
 if that fails, what will remain to make you longer one ? How 
 long can people continue to say such irritating and provoking 
 things of each other, and remain one in affection ? Suppose 
 the brothers of a family should do so, how long would they 
 continue to live together? Ah! “freedom of discussion.” 
 That I understand; but may not that, like all good things, 
 
1861.] Chevalier Bunsen, and our Present Troubles. 589 
 
 be overdone and abused ? Suppose the sons and daughters 
 of a family conscientiously differ on moral questions, and have 
 also interests as various as opinions; can they indulge in un¬ 
 restrained discussion and taunting remarks, in advocacy of 
 each other’s opinions and rights, without engendering strife 
 and ruining the peace of the family? Must they not “ agree 
 to differ,” and so drop their controversy ; or abandon all fra¬ 
 ternal love and family rule ? If some of the States think that 
 to be a sin which others think is right, and best* and they 
 carry their respective moralities into their politics, is not a 
 separation between them a logical and inevitable consequence ? 
 Do not some of you at the North err, with some of our English 
 brethren, in expecting to get rid of slavery, by directly attack- 
 ing the institution ? Did Christ and His Apostles do so ? 
 Suppose you could emancipate all the slaves by a single fiat, 
 to-morrow, would you not have to go right to work the next 
 day, and undo what you have done, or do more ? Is not sla¬ 
 very as it exists in your country, better than it is in Africa, 
 and better than to have the slaves free to destroy them¬ 
 selves and others? Is not slavery the best thing, until 
 slave and master are qualified to live together in the re¬ 
 lations of freemen? It seems to me that some of the North-* 
 ern abolitionists entirely mistake the subject on which they 
 are so noisy. Do they not put back the very cause they wish 
 to advance ? 
 
 “ A matter of conscience ?” Ah ! is not that your danger ? 
 Is not a conscience that is false to civil government false to 
 God? Were not the powers that be ordained of God, even 
 in the oppressive rule of the Apostles’ day ? Is not a mis¬ 
 guided religious conscience the material with which ambitious 
 demagogues work to accomplish their ends? Is not the Qua¬ 
 ker conscience (there happened to be the son of a Quaker 
 present, to whom he gracefully apologised,) I say, then, has 
 the philosophy that makes conscience a guide, a light within, 
 a sovereign dictator, any logical stopping place, until it exalts 
 reason above the Bible as man above God? And how long 
 can any free government stand that? Will there not come a 
 strain on your government which it cannot bear, unless you 
 think less of persons and more of God ; less of rights and 
 more of duties ? 
 
 I am ignorant of the facts, sir, but I would venture to in¬ 
 quire whether your most intense advocates of liberty, free dis¬ 
 cussion, abolition, equal rights, &c., are not generally men of 
 infidel sentiments? And are not Christians in danger of im¬ 
 bibing their spirit, and worship liberty and themselves more 
 
590' 
 
 Miscellaneous . 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 than God ? Will not such a spirit eventually ruin both Church 
 and State together? 
 
 ORIGINAL. 
 
 BEULAH. 
 
 Thy land shall be called Beulah, for the Lord delight- 
 ©th in thee.—Isa. lxii. 4. 
 
 BY REV. CHAS. E. LEVERETT. 
 
 Land of the spirits’ home, 
 
 How bright thy glories are 1 
 What beams of sparkling lustre come. 
 
 To crown the sainted there ; 
 
 More brilliant than the rays that roam 
 From light of morning star!. 
 
 What sounds are thine alone, 
 
 Land! where the spirits rest; 
 
 Sweeter than earth-born music’s tone, 
 
 Of harmony coufest; 
 
 Gladder than choral numbers, known 
 To charm the way war d breast. 
 
 And sights of beauty gleam, 
 
 Beulah! along thy shore; 
 
 Fair Eden, in the sweetest dream 
 Of imagery’s store, 
 
 Filled were the cup unto the brim, 
 
 The glowing thought ne’er bore. 
 
 Blessings of priceless worth. 
 
 O spirits’ land are thine 1 
 Such as conceived not, heart on earth, 
 
 Nor reason’s power divine ; 
 
 Land of the soul’s immortal birth, 
 
 May thy full bliss be mine! 
 
 [ Leveret?s Colh Hymns aud Devotional Verse . 
 
 HURRIED DEVOTIONS. 
 
 Probably, many of us would be discomposed by an arith¬ 
 metical estimate of our communion with God. It misfht re- 
 veal to us the secret of much of our apathy in prayer, because 
 it might disclose how little we desire to be alone with 
 God. We might learn from such a computation that Au¬ 
 gustine’s idea of prayer, as “ the measure of love,” is not 
 very flattering to us. We do not grudge time given to a 
 privilege which we love. 
 
 Why should we expect to enjoy a duty -which we have no 
 
1861.] 
 
 Hurried Devotions . 
 
 591 
 
 time to enjoy ? Do we enjoy anything which we do in a hurry ? 
 Enjoyment presupposes something of mental leisure. How 
 often do we say of a pleasure, “ I wanted more time to enjoy 
 it to my heart’s content!” But of all employments, none can 
 be more dependent on “ time for it,” than stated prayer. 
 
 Fugitive acts of devotion, to- be of high value, must be sus¬ 
 tained by other approaches to God, deliberate, premeditated, 
 regular—which shall be to those acts like the abutments of a 
 suspension-bridge to the arch that spans the stream. It will 
 never do to be in desperate haste in laying such foundations. 
 This thoughtful duty, this spiritual privilege, this foretaste of 
 uncorporeal life, this communion with an unseen Friend—can 
 you expect to enjoy it as you would a repartee or dance ? 
 
 In the royal gallery at Dresden may be often seen a group 
 of connoisseurs, who sit for hours before a single painting. 
 They walk around those halls and corridors, whose walls are 
 so eloquent with the triumphs of art, and they come back and 
 pause again before that one masterpiece. They go away and 
 return the next day, and again the* first and last object which 
 charms their eye, is that canvas on which genius has pictured 
 more of beauty than on any other in the world. Weeks are 
 spent every year in the study of that one work of BaphaeL 
 Lovers of art cannot enjoy it to the full till they have made it 
 their own by prolonged communion with its matchless forms. 
 Says one of its admirers : “ I could spend an hour every day 
 for years, upon that assemblage of human, and angelic, and 
 divine ideas, and on the last day of the last year discover some 
 new beauty, and a new joy.” 
 
 I have seen men standing in the street, before an engraving 
 of that gem of the Dresden gallery, a longer time than a good 
 man will sometimes devote to his evening prayer. Yet, what 
 thoughts, What ideals of grace can genius express in a paint¬ 
 ing, demanding time for their appreciation and enjoyment, 
 like those great thoughts of God, of heaven, of eternity, which 
 the soul needs to conceive vividly, in order to know the bless¬ 
 edness of prayer ? What conceptions can art imagine of the 
 “ Divine Child,” which can equal in spirituality the thoughts 
 which one needs to entertain of Christ, in the “ prayer of 
 faith?” We cannot Lope, commonly, to spring into possession 
 of such thoughts in the twinkling of an eye.— The Still Hour . 
 
 -*•«- 
 
 OUB SONSHIP CONCEALED. 
 
 It cannot but be so, when sonship is in any conjunction 
 with sin» Immediately, on such conjunction^ the sonship, 
 
592 
 
 Miscellaneous . 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 though not overthrown, is concealed. Its fullness of grace 
 and truth, its impregnable, inviolable security, its splendors of 
 convincing evidence, its unsearchable riches of privilege, its 
 incorruptible and undefiled inheritance that fadeth not away, 
 all retire out of view, and remain concealed. They may all 
 abide, most sure and full, in the spiritual kingdoip. that trans- 
 cendeth time and sense. But on the platform of temporal in¬ 
 terests and things palpable to sense and reason, the evidence 
 of the sonship has vanished. And not only so, all that on that 
 platform might seem relevant to the question gives an adverse 
 testimony. The son would appear to be treated as an outcast. 
 Apparently he is disowned. 
 
 This is temptation. It is the essence, it is the great and all 
 embracing cause of temptation. To be a son of God, verily 
 and irrefragably, and yet to have no evidence of it within the 
 sphere of sense and time and reason, but every thing in these 
 categories rather contradicting your claim, this is your proba¬ 
 tion of God while here ; this is what Satan malignantly mana¬ 
 ges against you. 
 
 But no. “ It doth not yet appear.” Frankly must we own 
 that no perceptible priestly robes of primogeniture, whiter 
 than the snow, adorn us ; and no fair mitre made after any 
 pattern shown in the mount, to certify that we are priests. 
 No throne, no sceptre, no regalia have we, in proof that Christ 
 hath loved us and made us kings. And no Mahanaim of the 
 Lord, no visible augelic hosts, encompass us on either hand, 
 proclaiming : “ Thus shall it be done to the man whom the 
 king delighteth to honor.” Nor do the forests clap their hands 
 at our approach, nor do the mountains and the hills break 
 forth into singing, in welcome to the sons and heirs of the 
 King of glory. 
 
 Rather, the whole creation groaneth because our sonship is 
 hidden, waiting for the manifestation of it. (Rom. viii. 19.) 
 There is a shameful cross lying heavy on our shoulder, rather 
 than a graceful diadem shining on our head. No palm of vic¬ 
 tory is ours, but the trembling and the toil of battle. Dis¬ 
 eases grapple with our frame, having no respect to our adop¬ 
 tion. And manifold afflictions fall on us—even more than on 
 other men. (Ps. lxxiii.) And the sighings thereof clash rude¬ 
 ly on the ear of sense with our high claim to be the family and 
 seed-royal of heaven. And death at last confronts us, and 
 makes it far more manifest that we are victims of the loath¬ 
 some grave, than sons of God and immortality, as if we must 
 say unto corruption—not to God—Thou art my father ; and 
 to the worm, Thou art my sister ; rather than the Son of God 
 
1861.] 
 
 “Be Sure your Sms will Find you Out.” 
 
 593 
 
 calls us His brethren. Verily our sonship is concealed. “ Onr 
 life is hid.”— Christ's Presence in the Gospel History. 
 
 “BE SURE YOUR SINS WILL BIND YOU OUT.” 
 
 Some years since, the Express Company of Wells, Butter¬ 
 field & Co., running into the valley of the Mississippi, was 
 robbed of $50,000. It was abstracted from their express 
 car, by substituting a box of lead for one filled with gold coin. 
 So exact was the resemblance, that the fraud was not discov¬ 
 ered until the box was opened at the Government office in 
 New York. It consisted of U. S. funds from the land office at 
 St. Pauls, and as the express company was responsible, they 
 immediately replaced it from their own treasury. 
 
 At the time of the robbery, there was not the remotest sus¬ 
 picion of the perpetrator. The officers could not fix their eye 
 or thoughts upon any individual, and although the whole mat¬ 
 ter was placed in the hands of experienced detective police offi¬ 
 cers, they were embarrassed at the outset. But suddenly their 
 suspicions were roused, and a point fixed to which all their at¬ 
 tention was directed. The express agent who had the trea¬ 
 sure in charge, was an old, faithful officer, and so strong was 
 the confidence of the officers in his integrity, that he was never 
 alluded to as party to the bold robbery. But suddenly, with¬ 
 out any apparent cause, he resigned his position. From that 
 hour, running through successive months, an unseen detective 
 was constantly on his track. He was followed to New Eng¬ 
 land, to his native place in Massachusetts, back to New York, 
 to the Western States, over railways, up and dovyn rivers, into 
 hotels and places of public resort, until all his movements, 
 companions and objects of pursuit were perfectly familiar to 
 the unseen shadow which had so long and so diligently follow¬ 
 ed him. 
 
 The proof having accumulated, the circumstantial evidence 
 grew so strong, that at the proper place and time he was ar¬ 
 rested. Partial confession was made, and others implicated, 
 and the whole thing, with its details, was brought to the light. 
 Had he not resigned his office, it is questionable whether the 
 guilty parties would ever have been known. It was ascer¬ 
 tained that the express agent, with two or three employees of 
 the road, had arranged the robbery with such consummate skill, 
 that detection was almost impossible. Before they secured 
 the treasure, it was agreed to bury it in a certain place, where 
 it was to remain until suspicion was allayed and the matter 
 
594 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 forgotten. This was only partially carried out. The confed¬ 
 erates of the express agent, opened the box and took out their 
 share. This led to a quarrel, and the agent secured his pro¬ 
 portion of the proceeds, and at once most incautiously, resign¬ 
 ed his office, and went into the investment of his funds. He 
 bought farms and horses and jewelry, and although this was 
 done in obscure and distant places, it all revealed itself to the 
 vigilant detectives, who saw through the whole shallow dis¬ 
 guise. The sequel was the conviction of two or three of the 
 robbers, a recovery of a portion of the property, and the com¬ 
 mitment to the State Prison of the express agent, who, for 
 years had been among the most confidential and reliable men 
 of the company. 
 
 In harmony with detection in the above case, is the onejust 
 brought to light on the New York and New Haven railway. 
 Last spring, during one of the night trips of the express agent 
 of Adams & Co.’s., the iron safe, containing a large amount of 
 money and valuable papers, was abstracted from the cars. It 
 was found the next day under a bridge, 'with its sides broken, 
 and the funds extracted. The audacity of the thing, stealing 
 an iron safe, surprised every one. But it had passed out of 
 sight with the public, until last week, when three arrests were 
 made on the road, of responsible employees, as guilty of the 
 robbery. Ever since this outrage, police detectives have been 
 on the trail of certain men connected with the road, until evi¬ 
 dence of their crime has accumulated sufficient to justify their 
 arrest. Their guilt, it is thought, can be clearly established. 
 What a moral this enforces! Though no human eye sees, 
 there is one which never closes, and it is that which brings 
 erime from {jarkness to light. 
 
 MOUKDEN, THE KEFUGE OF THE EMPEROR 
 
 OF CHINA. 
 
 The Moniteur de VArmee publishes the following extremely 
 interesting account of the place to which the Chinese Emperor 
 fled, when Peking was taken by the Allies: 
 
 Moukden is not in Tartary properly so called, but in Mant- 
 cliouria. The country of the Mantchoux, forms part of the in¬ 
 terior provinces of the Empire, and comprises three depart¬ 
 ments. The first is that of Ching-King, having for its chief 
 town Moukden, or Foung-Thean ; the second, Ghirin, with a 
 chief town of the same name ; and the third, is Sakhalien- 
 Oula Khoton, with Tsi-Tsikar as its capital. It is in the coun¬ 
 try of the Mantchoux, that are to be found the most devoted 
 
1861.] 
 
 595 
 
 Poetry , fyc. 
 
 partisans of the Tartar-Mantclioux dynasty* which effected the 
 conquest of China in 1644, and still reigns over that vast 
 empire. Mantchouria is separated from the province of Petche- 
 li, in which Pekin is situated, by that of Laotang. Between 
 the two last-named provinces are the high mountains of Than- 
 Yen, which are of difficult access, and must have protected the 
 retreat of the Emperor. Moukden is about 400 kilometres 
 (5-8ths of a mile each) from Pekin. If the Emperor had re¬ 
 tired into Tartary properly so called, he would have had to 
 make a journey across Mongolia of 1,000 kilometres (625 
 miles), and pass through some provinces, the inhabitants of 
 which are completely hostile to him. We may add, in order 
 to explain the English despatch, that at Hong-Kong, Shang¬ 
 hai, and in the ports on the coast inhabited by Europeans, all 
 the Chinese possessions which have been formerly conquered 
 by the Tartars and by the Tartar Mantchoux—-such as Mon¬ 
 golia, Mantchouria, Dzoungaria, Daouria, and Chinese Tur¬ 
 kestan—are all comprised under the general and usual name 
 of Tartary. Moukden was the residence of the Sovereigns of 
 China until 1644, the period of the conquest. It comprises 
 two distinct .cities—-the Imperial one, which has a circumfer¬ 
 ence of four kilometres, and a magnificent palace ; and the 
 other, which surrounds the former, and is twelve kilometres 
 round, and enclosed by a wall much more considerable than 
 that of Pekin. The population of Moukden does not now ex¬ 
 ceed 500,000. The city contains very fine temples, and mag¬ 
 nificent buildings of all kinds. 
 
 SELECTED. 
 
 THE OLD YEAR AND THE NEW. 
 
 Fast, past and gone ; another year is ended ; 
 
 Its changeless record sealed from mortal sight } 
 
 Its last fair sun hath silently descended 
 To the deep stillness of its final night. 
 
 ’Tis past and gone—with every wasted hour, 
 
 With every deed of holiness and sin. 
 
 Vain is our wish—vain all our boasted power, 
 
 A single moment from the past to win. 
 
 Gone with its sins—gone with its weight of sorrow 
 That seemed so heavy and so hard to bear ; 
 
 Though all we thought a burden for the morrow. 
 
 As we look backward, loses half its care. 
 
 We mourn no longer now with useless grieving 
 For the cold shadows that have crossed our life < 
 
 The promise now seems easier of believing 
 That when we felt the presence of the strife. 
 
 75 
 
596 
 
 Editorial and Critical . 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 And He, whose grace thus far our way has guided, 
 
 Will make the future road as true and clear. 
 
 Our Lord’s own hand the armor has provided 
 To guard our journey through this new-born year. 
 
 Why should we shrink and call our joys uncertain ? 
 
 Why fear the way that leads us to our home ? , 
 
 What though our Father’s hand has drawn a curtain 
 Between our vision and the days to come ? 
 
 Not on the past—not onward—but to Heaven 
 
 Our anxious hearts, our troubled thoughts should rise \ 
 
 The stars, that as the sailor’s chart are given, 
 
 Avail him not unless he search the skies. 
 
 The year is gone—its suffering and its sinning 
 Have borne their record to the realms of night 3 
 But on the pages that are just beginning, 
 
 Our hearts and lives in fairer lines may write. 
 
 O, solemn thought! To work our own salvation ! 
 
 O, solemn voyage across an unknown sea ! 
 
 Our barques could never reach their destination, 
 
 Oux souls their rest—but, Lord, we come to Thee ; 
 
 We ask Thy love, to comfort and to cherish; 
 
 Thy strength when weak—Thy courage when we fear; 
 
 Our confidence in Thee will never perish, 
 
 Though clouds and darkness veil this opening year. 
 
 [ IV. Churchman. 
 
 CHITICAli. 
 
 ME. VANDYKE’S SEEMON. 
 
 We have surrendered a very unusual portion of our Miscel¬ 
 laneous department to the republication of Mr. Vandyke’s 
 sermon.- Those of our readers, who have not seen it, will 
 thank us for putting it within their reach. Its clear, manly 
 and forcible exposition of the evils and nnscripturalness of 
 Abolitionism, are beyond praise. Had such sermons been 
 mere common at the North, the present portentous crisis of 
 our history might have been indefinitely postponed. As it is, 
 we fear these efforts have come too late to effect their purpose. 
 They can now serve but one end, and that is, to point out un- 
 inistakeably where and upon whom rests the responsibility of 
 the disruption of the Confederacy. 
 
 THE PROTESTANT CHURCHMAN. 
 
 This prominent Episcopal weekly is taking the lead of our 
 religious press, in favor of coercive measures—in other words,, 
 
1801.] 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 597 
 
 in favor of war by the Northern against the Southern 
 States, to compel the latter to remain in the Union against 
 their will, and in defiance of the express resolutions of their 
 primary assemblies. The Editors say that they have received 
 letters from various parts of the South, even from South Caro¬ 
 lina, but will not publish them because, although some at least, 
 are written in a calm enough tone, the 'principles they express 
 are too monstrous to be allowed a place in their columns. Of 
 the propriety of this resolution, they are of course the only 
 judges, as the public are not permitted to see and judge for 
 themselves, but it seems to us a strange mode of advancing 
 the cause of truth. 
 
 They go on, however, to present their own conclusions, which 
 we now propose to lay before our readers, although to us they 
 appear fully as monstrous as any thing which could possibly 
 have been written, on the other side—even from South Caro¬ 
 lina. The italics are ours. After disavowing a partisan or 
 Northern stand-point, the Editor or Editors go on to say:— 
 
 “ What we have intended to express is an abhorrence of revo¬ 
 lution, with all its adjuncts and consequences, in this the best 
 Government and the happiest land on earth. We have called it 
 “madness,” and our only doubt about the propriety of the term 
 now is, whether it is expressive enough. Our readers will bear 
 us witness that our paper has not been lent to the discussion of 
 political questions. We have refrained from all such discussions, 
 not because we had no convictions on various subjects, whether 
 local or general, that have agitated the country, nor yet because 
 we were afraid, under the responsibility of our own manhood, to 
 express, at the proper time and place, our views, but because, in 
 common with Episcopal journalists generally, we have not re¬ 
 garded these questions as within the proper range of a distinctly 
 religious periodical. It was only when what seemed to us a dread¬ 
 ful phrenzy, purely anarchical in its tendency, ruled the hour, that 
 we felt constrained to speak a word. We have no heart to mul¬ 
 tiply words, especially when there is so little prospect, as things 
 now are, of making any salutary impression.” 
 
 Now it seems to us, that only by a “ monstrous ” perversion 
 of terms can the movement, at present pervading the South, 
 be characterized as a “ madness” and “ a dreadful phrenzy, 
 purely anarchical in its tendency.” Men’s pulses cannot be 
 expected to beat as temperately in days of revolution as they 
 do during the prevalence of political peace. Hence the South¬ 
 ern movement has been energetic—its impulses have been 
 rapid and decisive, but its energy has been the energy of law, 
 and its impulses those of a people acting from instincts of self- 
 preservation—yet acting according to the modes which history 
 
598 
 
 Editorial and Critical . 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 and tradition have rendered sacred in its eyes. There has 
 been no anarchy at the South, even where there has been 
 most excitement. The forms of law have been scrupulously 
 observed, except in those few instances in which the mani¬ 
 fested design of the Federal authority to garrison strongholds 
 within our borders, and evidently with a purpose of coercing, 
 and if need be, subjugating the seceding States, rendered 
 delay inconsistent with the public safety. Not a drop of blood 
 has been shed. And our own State has borne from week to 
 week the presence of a hostile force in the harbor of her chief 
 city, hoping by negotiation to prevent the necessity of an ap¬ 
 peal to arms. During the greater part of this Revolutionary 
 period, her Convention and her Legislature have both been in 
 session, providing most carefully against any confusion which 
 such organic changes might beget. We believe that the his- 
 tory of the world can present few, if any, parallels to the 
 unanimity, dignity and forbearance with which South Carolina 
 has acted throughout, and the first care of her Convention, 
 after her own independence was asserted, was to elect dele¬ 
 gates to a Southern Congress, and to propose the existing 
 Constitution of the United States as the basis of a new Con¬ 
 federacy. If there is any tendency to anarchy in all this, we 
 are at a loss to perceive it. There is a tendency to division— 
 to separation from the Northern States, and this we devoutly 
 hope may be accomplished, and if anarchy results to them, it 
 will result from their own misconceptions of the nature of the 
 Federal Government and the loss of those ideas of constitutional 
 checks and balances, which are the only preservatives in this 
 country against the tyranny of a numerical majority. But this 
 brings us to the next count in this extraordinary indictment. 
 The Protestant Churchman goes on to say :— 
 
 “One thing, however, is, we think, apparent—that the popula¬ 
 tion of the country is rapidly resolving itself into two great classes 
 -—the law and order party, and the party of anarchy and revolu¬ 
 tion. Almost the entire North is becoming homogeneous in the 
 first of these classes. We believe we may truly say to our friends 
 and brethren at the South, that the deep and strong current of 
 feeling and opinion here—a current swelled by all the highest 
 and best elements of society, without distinction of party—is in 
 favor of maintaining this Government at all hazards. The mass 
 of the people feel that the very existence of American liberty 
 and civilization depends on it, and Christians feel that the cause 
 of the Master is involved in it. All feel that the quiet allowance 
 of disorganization and revolution by a Government that has the 
 power to protect itself, and continue to scatter its blessings over 
 the whole land, would be to proclaim the everlasting disgrace, 
 
1861.] 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 699 
 
 not only of our nation, but of our race, and be an invitation to 
 lawless anarchy, since it would show to all who desired to inau¬ 
 gurate a reign of terror, that there was no authority to curb them.” 
 
 “How forcible are right words, but what doth your arguincr 
 reprove ?” When good men have a lie in their right hands 
 they are very apt to double their fists. This serves as well to 
 hide tlie ugly thing from themselves as to knock down their 
 unoffending brethren. Did it never occur to the Editor while 
 penning these warlike sentences, that there are times when a 
 revolution is the only means of maintaining law and order ? 
 and when they who are for enforcing existing laws, or laws 
 said by them to exist, are the worst of anarchists ? We admit 
 that the population of the country is rapidly resolving itself 
 into two great classes, but think it would have been a more 
 candid statement to have described these classes as composed 
 on one side of the people of the North, and on the other of 
 the people of the South. This is the fact. But stated in this 
 way, all the force of the argument or rhetoric would have been 
 destroyed. The present controversy would then have appeared 
 to be, not a controversy between law abiding men and an¬ 
 archists, but as a great sectional division, with fifteen organ¬ 
 ized States on the one side, and seventeen on the other ; the 
 former maintaining their right to provide for themselves and 
 govern themselves, and the latter claiming the right to govern 
 themselves, and the others also. What now becomes of the 
 law and order party? Is it not a mere force party? Some 
 remarks recently made in the House of Representatives at 
 Washington, by Mr. Pendleton of Ohio, are so much to the 
 point, and receive so much additional weight from the quarter 
 whence they came, that we will quote some passages for 
 the benefit of the Editor of the Protestant Cliurclima7i. After 
 showing that the Republicans did not intend to enforce the 
 civil and criminal laws of the United States within the seceding 
 States, nor to continue the mail service against the will of 
 those States, but only to enforce the revenue laws. He added : 
 
 “ They were willing to suspend these laws ; why not suspend 
 those for the collection of the revenue as well ? Gentlemen then 
 say they must maintain the Union by these coercive measures. 
 He yielded to no one in devotion to the Union, and his constit¬ 
 uents cling to it with tenacity. If men and money could keep it 
 together, millions of both would be furnished by the West. But 
 neither men, money nor blood could maintain the Union; justice, 
 reason and peace might. The government was a government of 
 confederated States. In order to preserve Union, every State 
 should do its duty, and no force could compel this action except 
 by the consent of the people of each State. 
 
GOO 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 “If a State chose to levy duties in opposition to the constitu¬ 
 tion, he did not see how it could be prevented by arms. The 
 whole idea of coercion was impracticable. If a State was subju¬ 
 gated, the idea upon which the Union was formed would be vio¬ 
 lated. If they had the physical power they might overrun or 
 obliterate a State, but they could not compel it to do that to which 
 it was opposed, lie argued to show that coercion meant war and 
 nothing else, and looked to the invasion of States which had 
 thrown off their obligations to the Federal Government. The 
 enforcement of the laws against a seceding State was coercion, 
 and coercion was nothing less than war. This was sought to be 
 done under the cry of law and order, and under the pretext of 
 collecting the revenue, which was the same argument employed 
 by Great Britain in 1768 against her North American colonies. 
 The Boston port bill resulted, and the law was attempted to be 
 enforced at Bunker Hill and Lexington, at Cowpens and at York- 
 town. 
 
 “ After seven years of fighting against apparently weak and 
 feeble opposition, Boston having then a population of 16,000, 
 George the III. was compelled to make peace. History would 
 have recorded him as a wiser monarch had he done so at first, 
 and saved the horrors and calamities of war. But he undertook 
 to enforce the law against every principle of freedom contained 
 in the British constitution. They of to-day should learn prudence 
 from our colonial history. Fifteen States of the Union came 
 there with their complaints, and they should be listened to, their 
 grievances redressed and their fears removed. 
 
 “ He said they were tlieir brethren, and it was a patriotic duty 
 to hear and heed them. By composing these sectional agitations 
 the Union could be preserved. His voice to-day was for concilia¬ 
 tion, and in that he but echoed the voice of his constituents. He 
 begged those who had the power to redress the complaints of the 
 South to do so, or let them depart in peace and establish their 
 own destiny.” 
 
 This is the dictate of common sense as > well as of Christian 
 forbearance, but it is not, we are sorry to say, the voice of the 
 Protestant Churchman. It repeats with emphasis a phrase, 
 now common at the North, that this Union must be maintained 
 “at every hazard Fearful language and most fearful when 
 heard from the lips of a Christian man. Another religious 
 paper from the far West translates it thus, and we are 
 bound to say, more honestly than the Protestant Churchman . 
 Better, it says, that half a million lives should be sacrificed 
 than that the Union should perish. Does the Protestant 
 Churchman endorse this sentiment, or was its editorial penned 
 in a “phrenzy” of excitement ? Still worse, all this hideous 
 dragooning of seceded States back to the deathly embraces of 
 Abolitionism is to be accomplished in the name of Jesus Christ, 
 
1861.] 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 601 
 
 for adds the Protestant Churchman , “Christians feel that the 
 cause of the Master is involved in it.” Another crusade is to 
 be preached—all under the pretext of “Law and Order,” and 
 its scenes of desolation of rapine and blood are to have the 
 sanction of Ministers of the Prince of Peace. Who now are 
 the anarchists? They who are seeking to withdraw peaceably 
 from a confederation of States, which they find no longer com¬ 
 patible with their safety, and who are doing this not anarchi- 
 cally, but in great constituted bodies—using no factious vio¬ 
 lence or unfair means to achieve their purpose; but delibe¬ 
 rately, with all the forms of law, taking the sense of every 
 qualified voter in their midst, or they who, because their hopes 
 are disappointed and their interests endangered, would spread 
 the horrors of war through a peaceful land and deluge it with 
 blood ? 
 
 We have already extended this notice of the principles pro¬ 
 fessed by the Protestant Churchman beyond reasonable length, 
 yet we cannot close without giving it the benefit of all in its 
 article that may tend to soften its spirit, and represent it in a 
 more Christian light. It is not much, but let it go for what 
 it is worth. The whole article then thus concludes:— 
 
 “ At the same time, all are fully aware that the permanence of 
 the Union can only be secured finally by a restoration of at least 
 a measure of good-will between the sections, or rather of good¬ 
 will from the Southern section towards the Northern. To bring 
 about this restoration of confidence and kindly feeling, the great 
 mass of the people here, we are assured, are ready to make any 
 reasonable accommodation. Let our Southern brethren so far 
 credit this as to show a readiness to be conciliated, and they will 
 find this section ready to go to the very verge of principle to meet 
 them. 
 
 “It is said by many that we are drifting rapidly into civil war; 
 and certainly, if we did not have a strong trust in God, to whom 
 multitudes are daily praying, we should have the gloomiest fore¬ 
 bodings. In that trust, however, we will still put from us fear. 
 “Jehovah Jireli,” is a good motto at such times. Still, however 
 strong our confidence may be in Divine interposition in this crisis 
 of our history, we should not allow it to blind us to the imminent 
 danger before us, lest we fail to use all the means of preservation 
 by which God will work. There is one thing especially which it 
 were of the highest importance to impress upon all, especially 
 those who are so hotly urging on the secession movement. It is, 
 that no possible calamity to any section, in the Union, can for a 
 moment compare with the calamities that come rushing in the 
 train of disruption, supposing it should become not merely a de¬ 
 clared, but an accomplished fact. Some, indeed, say, “ Let us 
 haye peaceable secession.” But who does not see that this is ut- 
 
602 
 
 Editorial and Critical . 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 terly out of the question ] Such a Government as this cannot die 
 without a tremendous struggle for life. Its life is too mighty, too 
 all-pervasive of the land. It is not the inert thing to crumble 
 apart like grains of sand from the clod. No one who has not 
 closely studied this Government in its nature and history, has any 
 idea of its.organic strength. Its very complexity and wonder¬ 
 fully adjusted balances of powers and offices make it strong and 
 tenacious of existence. If it dies, its death-struggles will be ap¬ 
 palling. Of this all may be assured.” 
 
 This sounds a little more peaceable and a little more Chris¬ 
 tian, but still it is subject to very serious drawbacks. The 
 Northern people “are ready to make any reasonable accommo¬ 
 dation” But who is to judge of its reasonableness? and what 
 ensues if the South refuses to accede to it ? Why then comes 
 in the threat again. “Such a Government cannot die without 
 a tremendous struggle/ 4 If it dies, its deat^-struggles will 
 be appalling.” “ Some, indeed, say, ‘ Let us have peaceable 
 secession.’ But who does not see that this is utterly out of 
 the question?” “Why, so?” we may ask. The answer is, 
 “Its life is too mighty, too all-pervasive of the land.” If we 
 examine these high sounding phrases, we shall find them all 
 pregnant with the same spirit of coercion, war and conquest. 
 For what is to cause the struggle? Nothin £ but the deter- 
 
 o o o 
 
 ruination of the Northern States to prevent peaceable seces¬ 
 sion. There is no reason to apprehend civil strife between 
 Unionists and Disunionists in any Southern State that may 
 secede. The unanimity with which men of all parties and 
 views go in for supporting their respective States against any 
 coercion by the Federal authorities has in it something won¬ 
 derful. Take for instance Georgia, the latest on the list. 
 Her Convention declared for secession by a majority of one 
 hundred and nineteen. Still there were eighty-nine opposed 
 to it, a very respectable minority. Here there was room for 
 some struggle, if not a “ tremendous one.” But what fol¬ 
 lowed? Two of the leading Unionists of the Convention, the 
 Hon. Alexander Stephens and Judge Linton Stephens, drew 
 up a Preamble and Besolution which were presented by Judge 
 Nesbitt, and which proposed that as there was no difference of 
 opinion among the members, respecting the rights or wrongs 
 of Georgia, but only as to the remedy and its present applica¬ 
 tion, all should sign the Ordinance of Secession “as a pledge 
 of the unanimous determination of this Convention to sustain 
 and defend the State in this her course and remedy, with all 
 its responsibilities and consequences, and without regard to 
 individual approval or disapproval of its adoption.” It seems 
 
1861.] 
 
 Editorial and Critical . 
 
 603 
 
 then that the “tremendous struggle” of which the Protestant 
 Churchman speaks, must be somewhere else than within the 
 seceding States themselves. In these States “the mighty all- 
 pervasive life” of the General Government has drooped and 
 died with the first breath of the popular will, and now lingers 
 only at such points, as Fort Sumter and Fort Pickens, where 
 sheltered behind brick walls, and hiding under bomb-proof 
 casemates, its representatives are found in the persons of two 
 or three hundred United States soldiers, kept there by the 
 pressure of Northern opinion upon a weak and vacillating ad¬ 
 ministration. 
 
 With these remarks we dismiss the subject. We should not 
 have dwelt upon it at such length, or entered so much into the 
 political points in dispute, but that the editorial of the Trot* 
 estant Churchman embodies most of those fallacies which are 
 impelling the Northern people towards a war of coercion, and 
 blinding them to the true nature of their present position. 
 We trust that their eyes will be opened ere they proceed to 
 Use the last argument in favour of Union which a Christian 
 people should appeal to—the argument of the sword. What 
 possible end they can hope to gain by it, but the gratification 
 of revenge we at least are utterly unable to divine. 
 
 We publish the following as a suitable appendage to our 
 strictures upon the Protestant Churchman . It is one of the 
 letters alluded to, rejected upon the ground of its monstrous 
 'principles . The writer does not vouch for its correspondence 
 in every word and phrase with that sent, as it was prepared 
 from a rough draft, but it is in substance the same. Is it 
 wonderful that the people remain in darkness wh§n their 
 leaders so carefully close the shutters against the entrance of 
 every painful ray of light:— 
 
 FOE THE PBOTESTANT CHUECHMAN. 
 
 Messrs. Editors ,—In several late numbers of your paper, 
 you refer to the political state of the South, and especially of 
 South Carolina. As none of our religious journals (so far as 
 I have seen,) understand our true condition, or do justice to 
 their Southern brethren, I ask permission to speak a word in 
 their behalf. A right understanding of each other’s views 
 will do much to moderate political antipathy, and help Chris¬ 
 tians to pray for each other, and for their country’s good, 
 With many of your readers “we have taken counsel together. 
 76 
 
Editorial and Critical. 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 and gone to the House of Gocl in company,” and as Christian 
 men, we desire to be judged aright 41 by our Christian brethren. 
 
 You speak of the political movement in this State as the 
 result of “passion ,” and the work of artful “ demagogues .” 
 
 You are mistaken in both points. It is not the work oj' 
 politicians . It is a spontaneous movement of the public mind, 
 above and beyond their reach. They are carried along by the 
 current. They are in the rear, not in the van. We have no 
 leader ; we can find none. In the late election of delegates 
 to the State Convention, the question with the electors was, 
 which of our public men were resolute enough to carry out 
 the will of the people. 
 
 Nor is the secession of this State, a 'passionate act. It is 
 the result of twenty years painful reflection. It has been done 
 ‘‘advisedly, soberly,”’ and I believe, “in the fear of God.” A 
 spirit of prayer has attended the whole proceeding. Every 
 clergyman that I know, sympathizes with the movement. Our 
 Convention embraced many hoary heads, very many praying 
 men, and eight or nine ministers of the Gospel. They voted 
 unanimously for secession. Old men, temperate men, our most 
 zealous Christian laymen, men of charity and men of prayer, 
 unite with the young and ardent in cutting the cords which 
 bound us in the Confederacy. Neither politicians, nor passion 
 can eradicate the feelings of years, nor make a whole people 
 rise up as one man, to cast away a long cherished Union. 
 
 What has wrought this change throughout the South, and 
 converted so large a part of the nation perforce into positive 
 disunionists ? 
 
 I reply, a conviction that we can no longer live together in 
 peace. The aggressive character of the anti-slavery agitation 
 in the Northern States leaves us no other alternative. The 
 unceasing warfare upon domestic slavery from the press, the 
 pulpit, and your legislative halls ; the open violation or evasion 
 of the Constitution by fourteen States of the Union, the Su¬ 
 preme Court being judge } the civil war in Kansas ; the dia¬ 
 bolical plot of John Brown; the poisoning of the wells in 
 Texas ; the organized efforts of abolitionists to excite our 
 slaves to insurrection in so many Southern States, warn us of 
 our fate, if abolition had power to work its will. 
 
 The late Presidential election confers that power. It is 
 the verdict of the Northern majority against toleration of sla¬ 
 very. The elevation of a man, whose only claim to that high 
 office, is his implied pledge to carry out the fanatical spirit of 
 his party in the administration of the government, we regard 
 as an overt act of hostility. It proves that the abolition ele- 
 
1861.] 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 605 
 
 ment has overpowered the conservative. As long as the former 
 was in a minority, we trusted to our Northern allies to do us 
 justice. But with its domination, the hope of peace in the 
 Union has passed away. We apprehend more evil from our 
 own countrymen, than from the rest of the world. We believe 
 that our future government will be more inimical than any 
 foreign power. We feel that our “worst foes” are those of our 
 own political household. Our Federal Congress has become 
 an engine of perpetual irritation. Anti-slavery rules in every 
 vote, and controls all legislation. We feel that one such 
 speech as Mr. Sumner’s in the Senate, or Mr. Lovejoy’s in the 
 House, stirs up more hostility in our hearts, than a well fought 
 battle field. One such raid as Brown’s, is more hateful than 
 a manly attack upon our coasts, with all your fleets and armies. 
 
 It is the hope of getting rid of this meddling spirit, at least, 
 as far as governmental contact goes, which impels the South¬ 
 ern people to separate from the Northern. We only desire to 
 live in peace. This we can not find in the Union. Therefore, 
 for peace sake, we withdraw. 
 
 You tell us that we misjudge the feeling of the Northern 
 people; that Brown was a fanatic, whom you pity or abhor. 
 But what shall we say of those who manufactured arms for 
 Southern slaves ? or of those who paid the drafts for those 
 weapons five months before they were used ? Were they mad 
 also? Do the ovations at Brown’s shrine furnish no indica¬ 
 tions of the popular current ? 
 
 We would not do injustice to the conservative men among 
 you. We honor their fidelity to the Constitution. But, we 
 believe, that they are in a minority, that they are powerless 
 for good, while the active abolition element is potent for evil. 
 
 The point at issue seems irreconcilable in the present temper 
 of the public mind. You think slavery sinful; we think it an 
 institution sanctioned by God, and beneficial to the African 
 race. We are willing to bear all the responsibility attaching 
 to it, before God and the world. We know that we are the 
 best friends of this dependent race. Leave them to us, their 
 natural and providential protectors. We try to do as much 
 for their souls, as any Christian people do for the benefit of 
 their operatives. We preach more to them than our clergy do 
 to the poor in any Northern city, if statistics can be trusted. 
 We show a patience and forbearance towards them, which 
 astonishes strangers. Yet many count us as unchristian and 
 unkind, and in their quixotic zeal to espouse the cause of the 
 oppressed, they put the black man before the white, and dis- 
 
606 
 
 Editorial and Critical . 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 regard our rights and our feelings. To our own Master we 
 stand or fall. 
 
 I feel sad at the disruption of our country, and the division 
 of our Church in the midst of so much harmony as God has 
 lately given us. I feel mortified that an insane fanaticism, 
 warring against a recognized Scriptural institution, should rend 
 our civil and ecclesiastical bonds. 
 
 But God hates boasting, and we have grown so proud of our 
 great Babylon, that He designs to bring our idol to the dust. 
 May we learn the lesson which his Providence teaches, and 
 apply it to our future use. 
 
 Though no longer meeting in the same General Convention, 
 we may still co-operate in the glorious Gospel of our Lord. 
 And may we each strive to promote truth, peace, and love at 
 home and abroad, for the glory of God, and the salvation of 
 men, Very respectfully, 
 
 Yours, in Christian regard, 
 
 C. C. Pinckney, Jr. 
 
 Charleston , Dec. 29, 1860. 
 
 “THE SWORD AND THE BIBLE.” 
 
 Under this head we find in the ably edited Methodist paper 
 of this city, the following interesting letter, which we publish 
 along with the Editor’s comments : 
 
 “ Among the military companies now stationed at Sullivan’s 
 Island, is one from upper Carolina, in which over twenty are 
 graduates of the South Carolina College—two or three having 
 taken the first honor at that or other Colleges. They are a noble 
 band of men, and their captain served valiantly in the Mexican 
 war. He is President also, we believe, of the Bible Society of 
 his District. In Charleston he met with Rev. Mr. Bolles, Agent 
 of the Bible Society of Charleston, who being now actively en¬ 
 gaged here in his work, placed two hundred and fifty Testaments 
 
 in the hands of Captain-, for distribution among his soldiers. 
 
 We may say in passing, that several hundred Testaments have 
 been distributed in other companies—and in some of the compa¬ 
 nies at least, vve hear that daily religious service has been held, 
 by the members themselves, when not on duty. 
 
 “ But to our story. Capt. —— has written to Mr. Bolles a let¬ 
 ter, which we are permitted to publish, though we do it without 
 the name of the writer, because it has not been convenient to see 
 him and ask his consent. He says : 
 
 Rev. E. Bolles, Charleston, S. C. 
 
 “ Dear Sir ,—Iu the hurry of my departure yesterday, I failed 
 to thank you as I should have done, for your kindness in furnish* 
 
1861.] 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 607 
 
 ing me with Testaments for my command and for general distri¬ 
 bution. 
 
 “ To-day I announced to my company that they could be sup¬ 
 plied, and in a very short time every man had “the book.” I had 
 about one hundred copies left. They were all distributed to 
 other companies long before night. When it became known that 
 I had them, many youthful—tine looking—brave men came to my 
 quarters and supplied themselves. I am pleased to say that no 
 one has gone away without being supplied. I had, however, to 
 take the three volumes which I had reserved for myself and offi¬ 
 cers. This, however, is immaterial as we all have our Bible. I 
 hope we may have no use for our swords, and that the books dis¬ 
 tributed to-day may bring forth an abundant harvest of good. 
 
 Yours, very respectfully. . 
 
 “ Such are they against whom Republican Christian editors are 
 ‘breathing out threatenings and slaughter.’ ”—Southern Christian 
 Advocate . 
 
 APPEAL IN BEHALF OF OUR FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 The following earnest appeal from the Foreign Committee 
 of the Church deserves the promptest attention. We trust 
 that all our Churches will endeavor to do something, at least 
 towards the relief of the Committee : 
 
 “ The Foreign Committee send forth their present appeal under 
 circumstances involving the deepest anxiety. To their hands 
 have been intrusted the guidance and management of the Foreign 
 Missionary work of the Church. That work after many years of 
 patience on the part of the Missionaries, has reached its present 
 proportions of extent and efficiency. It has been rich in bless¬ 
 ings to those in whose behalf it was undertaken, and rich in its 
 returns to the Church at home. 
 
 “ The Committee, having the interests of this work constantly 
 before them, have observed, with much satisfaction, its growth in 
 the affections of our communion as evinced by the steady increase 
 of its contributions. That growth, it is true, has been by slow 
 degrees—and in the carrying out of those measnres which the 
 Committee have deemed important to the best interests of the 
 work, there has always been a pressure upon them in pecuniary 
 matters, amounting not unfrequently to serious perplexity and 
 embarrassment. Still they have been cheered by the hope that 
 the Church was realizing more and more the importance of this 
 blessed work, and would not fail to sustain it. 
 
 “ In this confidence the Committee made their appropriations 
 for the year 1861 —in no case diminishing the amount of appro¬ 
 priation, and in one case, that of Africa, increasing it. 
 
 '‘Now, however, they are forced by circumstances to ask will 
 these obligations be met ? Evils unlooked for and most appalling 
 have fallen upon our nation, threatening the direst consequences. 
 
608 
 
 Editorial and Critical. 
 
 [Feb., 
 
 Of the causes which have produced these results, the Committee 
 find no occasion to speak. The object of their concern is, the 
 effects which present calamities may have upon the Foreign Mis¬ 
 sionary work of the Church. 
 
 “ The Missionaries abroad are entirely dependentfor their daily 
 subsistence and for the means to carry on the work, upon funds 
 paid into the Treasury of the Foreign Committee. Five Thou¬ 
 sand'Dollars each Month are required to sustain the Missions in 
 Africa and China alone, while in addition to these, we have to 
 provide for the support of the Mission in Greece—the Mission in 
 Japan, and the Mission in Brazil. 
 
 “ The Treasury is at this moment overdrawn $8,000. It will, 
 therefore, be seen at a glance, how rapidly difficulties must mul¬ 
 tiply upon a failure of ordinary receipts. The burden attendant 
 upon such failure the Committee cannot possibly sustain, and in 
 such result, speedy distress must fall upon the Missionaries, and 
 to all our other disasters will be added the grievous one of the 
 breaking up of our Missionary establishment. 
 
 “ Will the Church allow this ? 
 
 “ Shall not the heart of God’s people, in its holy resolves, rise 
 above present distress, and determine, that, let what will come, 
 the Missions of the Church shall be sustained ? 
 
 “ Thousands upon thousands of prayers now daily come up 
 before God, through the mediation of our Lord Jesus Christ, that 
 He will turn away these evils from us ; and that, in whatever 
 measure these shall, in His wisdom and love, be permitted to fall 
 upon our country, they may be overruled to the advancement of 
 His Kingdom upon Earth. 
 
 “Let us labor with our might, that-this may be accomplished, 
 and, in these dark hours of adversity, give proof of our faith in 
 God—of our love to Christ, and our devotion to that cause for 
 which he suffered and died. 
 
 “ Your instant attention to this Appeal, is earnestly requested. 
 
 “Remittances to be made to James S. Aspinwall, Esq, 86 
 William-street, New York. By order and in behalf of the Foreign 
 Committee, 
 
 S. D. Denison, Secretary and General Agent. 
 
 Missionary Rooms, New York, January 1st, 1S61. 
 
 BISHOP COBBS OF ALABAMA. 
 
 The subjoined circular will explain itself, and will be read 
 with melancholy interest by men of all shades of opinion. 
 The clear and unfaltering trust expressed by the lamented 
 speaker, and the singleness of his dependence upon Christ are 
 matters of deep and heartfelt joy : 
 
 Montgomery, Ala., Jan. 12th, 1S61. 
 
 ** To the Clergy of the Protestant Episcojml Church in the Diocese 
 of Alabama : 
 
 ,l Dcnr Brethren ,—Some days before our revered and beloved 
 
1861.] 
 
 Editorial and. Critical. 
 
 609 
 
 Bishop “fell asleep,” lest he might die and leave them unspoken, 
 he requested me to keep in mind, and in the event of his death, to 
 communicate to you the following words : 
 
 “First of all, give to each and every one of them, individually, 
 my love and my blessing ; and tell them, that as during my whole 
 episcopate it has been my earnest purpose and constant endeavor 
 to be, the personal friend and helper of every Clergyman in my 
 Diocese, so now I have them still in my heart. 
 
 As to my Religious belief; tell them, that by God’s grace, I 
 shall die in the Faith, in which I have lived, and which I have 
 endeavored to preach. I have been called “a Puseyite,” a “High 
 Churchman,” and the like. Tell them I dislike party names, 
 and loathe party lines in the Church of Christ ; but next to Christ, 
 who is the Head, I love the Church, which is His Body, with my 
 whole heart. I have attached, and do still attach, great impor¬ 
 tance to Her offices and sacraments; and I believe in “Baptismal 
 Regeneration,” and “Apostolic Succession,” as firmly as I do any 
 of the fundamental doctrines of the Gospel; but I am not “con¬ 
 scious, that I have ever preached any thing but “Jesus Christ 
 and Him Crucified;” and now, in this solemn hour, reviewing 
 my ministry, I cannot recall a single sentiment, either in my ser¬ 
 mons or my pastoral addresses, which I desire erased or changed.* 
 
 As to my hope of justification with God; tell them, that “This 
 is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ 
 Jesus came into the world to save sinners .” I have been called “a 
 good man,” “a kind man,” from my youth up. I do not say 
 whether justly or otherwise. I have tried to show kindness and 
 sympathy to all, especially to the poor, to the afflicted, and to 
 the bereaved; and I am certain, that I do not now bear malice, 
 or cherish unkind feelings, towards anybody on the face of the 
 whole earth. But if I have done any kind deeds, or any good 
 works, I am sure I make no merit of them, but cast them all be¬ 
 hind my back, and nauseate them, and spit upon them “as filthy 
 rags,” and counting myself “an unprofitable servant,” I look only 
 “unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith,” and say, 
 
 “ In my hand no price I bring,” 
 
 Simply to Thy cross I cling.” 
 
 As to my present state of mind ; tell them, I heartily thank 
 God for this sickness. I know not yet what is to be the issue* 
 I have no will nor wish in the matter. 
 
 “ Nor life nor death I crave,” 
 
 but simply to do, to bear, to suffer, and to glorify the will of God* 
 This is my sentiment now, and it is the sentiment with which I 
 hope to die. 
 
 And with my farewell blessing upon them, upon their families, 
 upon their Parishes, and upon my whole Diocese, tell them, that 
 their dying Bishop exhorts them to strive to be men of God :— 
 men of peace, men of brotherly-kindness, men of charity ; self- 
 
610 
 
 Religious Intelligence. [Feb., 
 
 denying men, men of purity, men of prayer ; men striving to 
 “perfect holiness in the fear of God,” and laboring and preaching 
 with an eye single to His glory and the salvation of souls.” 
 
 “These, dear brethren, are the sentiments, and, as nearly as I 
 can remember, the very words, which our lamented Father in God 
 affectionately and solemnly charged me to communicate to you. 
 I am sure we shall all treasure them up as a most precious legacy. 
 
 Your Brother in Christ, 
 
 John M. Mitchell. 
 
 nEXiiaiOUS ISXTT'EIjIjI&ESNCEi 
 
 , DIOCESAN. 
 
 Charleston, S. C. January 3d, 1861 
 
 To the Clergy of the Protestant Episcopal Church 
 in the Diocese of South-Carolina : 
 
 Beloved Brethren :—Will you permit me once more to ad* 
 dress you in these trying times ? The changes of Providence 
 are requiring of us corresponding adaptations in our public 
 worship. I request therefore that for the future in the prayer 
 for “ all in Civil Authority ,” you substitute for the words 
 hi President of the United States ” the words “ Governor of South - 
 Carolina ,” and omit altogether the prayer set forth by me to 
 be used during the session of the Legislature, and use in its 
 place the occasional prayer in the Prayer Book, substituting 
 for the words “ these United States f the words “ this Com¬ 
 monwealth and for the word “ Congress ,” the word “Legisla¬ 
 ture f and to continue to use during the session of the Conven¬ 
 tion of the State, the prayer set forth by me for that purpose. 
 With the expression of my most cordial Christian sympathy 
 and earnest prayers to God for His help and blessing, 
 
 I remain very truly, your Brother in Christ, 
 
 THOS. P. DAVIS, 
 
 Bishop of the Diocese of South Carolina. 
 
 The Rev. J. H. Quinby having removed from Texas to South 
 Carolina, requests that his letters and papers be directed to 
 Charleston. 
 
1861.] 
 
 611 
 
 Religious Intelligence. 
 
 ft ft 
 
 [Correspondence of the Ch. Intelligencer.] 
 
 THE FUNERAL OF BISHOP COBBS. 
 
 Our revered Bishop sleeps in the silence of the grave. He was 
 buried from St. John’s Church, Montgomery, on Sunday, 13th 
 ult. There were present upon the occasion, of the clergy, Rt. 
 Rev. Bishop Elliott, and Rev. W. N. Hawks, of the Diocese of 
 Georgia, the Rev. Messrs. Hanson, Lee, Ticknor, Cushman, D. 
 D , Shepherd, Denniston, Jarratt, Derby, Bartley, and Gholson, 
 of Alabama, besides, Rev. Messrs. R. A. Cobbs, Mitchell, and R. 
 H. Cobbs, members of the Bishop’s family, a large attendance 
 when we remember the protracted rains and overflowing waters 
 which interrupt communication, the shortness of the notice, and 
 in some cases sickness, which presented obstacles that could not 
 be overcome. 
 
 Long before the appointed hour, 2^, P. ]\|., the large church 
 was densely crowded by the multitudes who wished to pay the 
 last tribute of respect to the memory of a great and a good man. 
 Pews, aisles, and galleries were thronged, and hundreds turned 
 away who could not find standing room. Even ’mid the falling 
 rain the churchyard was filled, and there they stood, through the 
 protracted services, so anxious were they to discharge their pious 
 but mournful dirty. 
 
 The corpse arrayed in the Episcopal robes which he had worn 
 in life was contained in a Burial Casket, and was borne by the 
 vestry of St. John’s Church, acting as pall-bearers. There was 
 no inscription Upon the coffin but the words, 
 
 RIGHT REY. NICHOLAS HAMNER COBBS, D. D., 
 
 Born Feb. 5th, 1795, 
 
 Aged 65 Years, 11 Months, 6 Days. 
 
 The Casket was covered with a purple pall, adorned with a 
 plain white cross, and with wreaths of white hyacinths and ever¬ 
 greens. The church and chancel, the pulpit desk and altar were 
 draped in appropriate mourning. 
 
 At the entrance of the church the corpse Was received by Bishop 
 Elliott in his robes, and by the attending clergy in surplice and 
 stole; the deacons wearing their stoles upon the left shoulder 
 only. With slow and measured tread they proceeded up the 
 aisle, the Bishop repeating with great solemnity the appointed 
 * sentences, the congregation rising spontaneously to their feet at 
 the utterance of the first words. Arrived at the chancel the cler¬ 
 gy parted right and left, and took their respective places, while 
 the body ivas placed upon a catafalque in the midst of that chan¬ 
 cel where so often, when living, he had broken the bread of life. 
 For a moment a solemn stillness pervaded the great multitude* 
 interrupted only by tears and sobs, and then a wailing sound of 
 music broke upon the ear. It was the chant of the anthem in the 
 burial service, and reverently did the congregation stand, save 
 here and there those whom grief and sorrow fiad entirely over- 
 77 
 
612 
 
 Religious Intelligence. 
 
 O 
 
 powered, and the touching- eloquence of that music sank deep into 
 many hearts. The lesson was read by the Rev. F. R. Hanson, 
 and the 2nd part of the 70th Psalm was announced by Rev. F. 
 13. Lee? the two senior presbyters, and the only two members of 
 the present clergy of the Diocese who acted in the election of 
 Bishop Cobbs. 
 
 The Bishop of Georgia then ascended the pulpit, and during 
 the delivery of that able, eloquent, and touching address, the 
 silence of the vast audience that bung upon his words was so still 
 that it could be felt. The streaming tears of women and of men 
 —the occasional burst of grief which could not be suppressed, and 
 the rapt attention spoke eloquently of the power alike of the liv¬ 
 ing Bishop and of the dead. Most feelingly, most truthfully did 
 he delineate, and describe the character and life of his departed 
 brother. In his breathing words, the man of God, the humble, 
 the self-denying, the holy Bishop stood before us as when in life. 
 And when he touched upon the dying Bishop’s last message to his 
 clergy and diocese, those words, those kind and loving words, 
 worthy to be written in letters of gold, and which when published 
 will make an abiding impression upon the hearts of the church at 
 large, it was a scene of such sorrow as well might break our hearts. 
 Not the long and protracted sickness, not the untimely death, not 
 the desolate Aveeping family, not the funeral array, the draped 
 church, or wailing music, none, nor all of these so opened the 
 sluices of sorrow as did the dead Bishop’s last most solemn charge. 
 We can not say more of the Bishop of Georgia’s address than that 
 it Avas Avorthy of the subject of the occasion, and of himself, and 
 he has Avon a lasting place in the hearts of Alabama churchmen. 
 We need not say more, for av© trust be will yield to the unani¬ 
 mous request of the attending clergy, and give it to the Avorldand 
 the Church, that they may learn Iioav a Christian Bishop lived 
 and died. 
 
 At the close of the address the hymn 
 
 Rock of ages, cleft for me, 
 
 Let me bide myself in thee, 
 
 Avas sung by the choir—a hymn most fitting and appropriate, for 
 it contained two lines which were often upon the lips of Bishop 
 Cobbs, and which during his sickness be had often said contained 
 the sum and substance of liis religion—lines which but shortly 
 before be breathed his last he was heard to murmur, 
 
 “In my band no price I bring, . , 
 
 Simply to tby cross I cling,” 
 
 The singing ended, the Bishop and clergy preceding the corpse 
 went down the aisle. Upon reaching the door the clergy opened 
 right and left, and the body followed by the family and friends 
 passed through the double line. A procession Avas then formed 
 and the long train—the Bishop, the clergy, the plumed liearse, 
 the carriages and those avIio walked, took up its melancholy way 
 to the grave—in the Avords of our city papers, “an immense pro¬ 
 cession”—especially to be noticed, for the rain Avas- iioav falling 
 fast. At the grave, the clergy again formed, the Bishop and the 
 
1861.] 
 
 Religious Intelligence. 
 
 613 
 
 corpse passing through it, followed by the mourners, and then’ 
 when all was hushed and still, the multitude reverently uncovered 
 Bishop Elliott went through, in his impressive manner, the con¬ 
 cluding services and consigned to the tomb, earth to earth, dust 
 to dust, the remains of his departed brother—the remains of the 
 first Bishop of Alabama, so honored, so loved, so revered. 
 
 Thus ended in our Diocese a day of anguish and sorrow, and 
 yet not unmingled with joy. We weep not for him, but for our¬ 
 selves. He has entered upon that rest he so long desired, he has 
 joined the innumerable company of angels, the spirits of the just 
 made perfect, the noble army of martyrs; his life of prayer and 
 praise, begun on earth, is perfected in heaven. He has laid down 
 the burden of care and responsibility, of labor and toil, and reposes 
 in the bosom of God. For him we do not moan, for with him to 
 be absent from the body is to be present with the Lord. But for 
 his Diocese, bereaved and orphaned and fallen upon evil times, 
 without a counsellor or guide—for the Church at large, bereft of 
 his wisdom and the example of his godly and Christian life—for 
 the children deprived of such a father and friend—for the deso¬ 
 late and heart-broken widow, who has lost the desire of her eyes 
 and the pride of her life—for all of these our tears fall—for all of 
 these we pray, for the influences of that God, the Comforter, who 
 alone can sustain and console. 
 
 BEY. DR. ANTHON. 
 
 The Church Journnl pays a handsome tribute to the memory of 
 Dr. Anthon, creditable alike to the writer and the deceased Rec¬ 
 tor of St. Mark’s: 
 
 “Dr. Anthon’s death removes one of the old landmarks on the 
 list of our city clergy. And he was of those who make their mark 
 on the story of the Church. His ability was of a high order, 
 especially as a writer, and as a leading man in council and in ac¬ 
 tion. His chief trait of character was one in which the clergy as 
 a class do not excel; and that was nerve ;—the impetuous will, 
 and the prompt fearless decision, to carry out to the utmost, re¬ 
 gardless of persuasions, or merely human feelings, or public opin¬ 
 ion, or consequences of any kind whatever, those uncompromising 
 decisions to which his own conscientious convictions led him. 
 With this eager fearlessness, there was a singular tenacity, which 
 clung to its purpose only the more unflinchingly for all the obsta¬ 
 cles that rose in its way, and a firm personal resolution growing 
 only stronger and tougher with advancing years. Besides these 
 qualities, which more than once made him prominent in contro¬ 
 versies of great heat, and of singular importance in their bearings 
 upon the Church, he was a genial and faithful friend, with a racy 
 and strong flavor of robust intellect in all his conversation. He 
 was, from the first, an attentive and indefatigable parish priest, 
 and was one of the very earliest of the city clergy to establish 
 that most useful element of Church growth,—a Parish School. 
 Outside his parish, he held a prominent place in a circle, both of 
 the clergy and the laity, whose convictions and feelings were 
 
614 
 
 Religious Intelligence. 
 
 [Feb. 
 
 sucli as enabled them to work harmoniously together; and their 
 entire confidence he retained to the last,—being himself the ruling 
 spirit, to a great degree, of all their varied activities. He was in¬ 
 deed an earnest strenuous soul, who did with his might all that 
 his hand found to do: and he has left behind him few who would 
 be willing to do and dare as unshrinkingly as he did, for that 
 
 which he believed, in his conscience, to he right. 
 
 % 
 
 Dr. Anthoris Funeral .—The funeral sermon in memory of the 
 late Dr. Anthon was preached in St. Mark’s Church, last Sunday 
 morning, before an immense congregation, by the Rev. Dr. Tyng. 
 
 The Church was draped in mourning and contained an immense 
 congregation. The services were marked by sadness and solemn¬ 
 ity. The Rt Rev. Bishop Potter, Rev. Mr. Bolton, Rev. Mr. 
 Dennison, and other clergymen, were present. The family of the 
 late Rector sat near the pulpit, and were attired in deep mourn¬ 
 ing. At the close of Morning Prayer, the Rev, Dr. Tyng preached 
 from the text: “He was a faithful man and feared God above 
 many”—Nehemiah vii., 2. The preacher opened by stating that 
 his text was a precious tribute to personal character, and happy 
 indeed was the man who was entitled to it. Dr. Anthon was 
 born in March, 1795, one month before the foundation of their 
 Church was laid ; and in November, 1816, commenced his minis¬ 
 try at Red Hook, Dutchess county, He was accepted and be¬ 
 loved by his people, and the very high regard entertained for him 
 by Bishop Hobart, who commended him as an example of piety 
 and diligence to young ministers, earned for him a high and wide¬ 
 spread reputation among the Churches. In 1819, he was called 
 to St. Bartholomew’s Church in South Carolina, but, refusing to 
 settle there, departed in 1821, the vestry having appreciated and 
 endorsed his ministerial course. In that year he officiated as min¬ 
 ister of Trinity Church, Utica, continuing there till, in 1829, he 
 was called to St. Stephen’s Church, and in 1831 to Trinity Church, 
 New York, Five years afterwards he was called to the ministry 
 of their (St. Mark’s) Church, occupying, as a servant of Christ, his 
 high position for twenty four years, He had no doubt his religious 
 character was constantly enlarging. As a minister of their 
 Church, and as an editor of the Frotestant Churchman , he endeav¬ 
 ored to advance the truth ; cheerfulness, contentment, and Chris¬ 
 tian love were visible in his relations to all who had known him. 
 He had never met with a more upright man, or one with a kinder 
 heart, more tender conscience, or calmer judgment. Christmas 
 Day he was in that temple among them, and he left it then to die. 
 Suffering for several days with an acute disease, he was still calm. 
 For three days he had administered to him, and when he was 
 spoken to in reference to his clerical course, he said, “I have noth¬ 
 ing to retract; what I did was not my own seeking, but duty in 
 the Lord’s direction.” Fie died trusting in Jesus, and humbly 
 asking the lowest place in the abode of his Saviour. To his family 
 he was everything that the sweetest kindness could make a man 
 be to others. For forty years he had been their earthly protec- 
 
1861.] 
 
 Religions Intelligence. 
 
 615 
 
 tion and guide, departing daily and returning in the evening to 
 bl ess bis household. 0, might Jesus bless those afflicted ones 
 wherever their habitation might be ! To those to whom he min¬ 
 istered so long, he would say—mark his conduct and conversation, 
 and give his standard to no one but a bearer of a kindred spirit 
 like his own. The preacher, after attributing the success of Dr. 
 Anthon as a pastor to his faith in God, and the grace which was 
 given him, closed with the elegiac stanza, 
 
 Soldier of Christ, well done; 
 
 Ceased from thy loved employ; 
 
 The battle’s o’er, the victory won, 
 
 Rest on thy Saviour’s joy! 
 
 The funeral services of the late Rector were held in St. Mark’s 
 Church, on Tuesday morning, Jan. 8tli, the edifice being densely 
 crowded. The officiating clergy present were the Rt. Rev. Bishop 
 Potter, Rev. Dr. Tyng, Rev. Dr. Cutler, and the Rev. H. Mont¬ 
 gomery, The following gentlemen were the pall-bearers :—The 
 Revs. Dr. Jones, Dr. Taylor, Dr. Chauncey, Dr. Cooke, Dr. 
 Turner, Dr. Harris, Dr. Canfield, and Dr. Dyer. M. D.’s.—Drs. 
 Ellis, Joseph M. Smith, Cheeseman, Clark, Paine, M. Ulshoeffer, 
 L. Bradish, J. B. Herrick, H. B. Ren wick, J. Paris, T. Beare, W. 
 Remsen,T. McMullen, J. Colles, nnd H. E. Davies, Esqs. At the 
 close of the services, the body was deposited in the family vault 
 attached to the Church.— New York Express (abridged). 
 
 CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE DOMESTIC COM¬ 
 MITTEE AND THE CHUrCH MISSION’Y SOCIETY. 
 
 We deem it our duty to lay before the Church the following 
 correspondence, which has taken place in consequence of the ac¬ 
 tion of the Board of Missions at their meeting in October last:— 
 
 New York, Oct. 30, 1860. 
 
 To the American Church Missionary Society : — 
 
 Gentlemen : By the Board of Missions, recently convened in 
 Annual Meeting at New Haven, the following resolutions were 
 adopted :— 
 
 Resolved . That the Board recommend to the Domestic Com¬ 
 mittee to encourage the formation of auxiliary associations, com¬ 
 posed of one or more congregations, which may select and sustain 
 special portions of the great missionary work, committed to the 
 Church.” 
 
 “ Resolved , That the Domestic Committee be distinctly author¬ 
 ized and instructed to assure its auxiliaries, that contributions 
 specially appropriated by them, will be received and paid in ac¬ 
 cordance with the expressed wish of the donors.” 
 
 “ Resolved , That the Domestic Committee be instructed to con¬ 
 fer with the government of the “ American Church Missionary 
 Society,’ with a view to some harmonious adjustment of their 
 various relations.” 
 
 In obedience to the instructions of the Board expressed in the 
 last resolution, the Domestic Committee now addresses you. We 
 are v however, unwilling to do this without an assurance on our 
 
[Feb., 
 
 GIG Religious Intelligence. 
 
 own part (ancl we believe we may add, on the part of the Board 
 also), that there exists the most honest desire to do all we can, to 
 further your efforts for spreading the Gospel of Christ. With the 
 earnest wish, therefore, .to produce, if it be possible, the most har¬ 
 monious, fraternal, and united exertions on the part of the “Ameri¬ 
 can Church Missionary Society,” and the existing missionary 
 organization of the Church, which we now represent, in the one 
 great work which we alike have at heart, we now respectfully ask, 
 whether the “American Church Missionary Society,” is disposed 
 to accede to the proposition we now make for such a conference 
 as is indicated in the third resolution quoted above? If it should 
 be your pleasure to accede, the Domestic Committee will be most 
 happy to meet such representatives of your body, as you may 
 select, at such time and place as may be most convenient to them. 
 
 May we further respectfully ask, that your reply be directed to 
 the “ Domestic Committee,” and be sent to the Committee’s 
 Rooms, No. 17, in the Bible House ? 
 
 VVe are, gentlemen, with Christian affection, your friends and 
 brethren, 
 
 (Signed.] Rt. Rev. Horatio Potter, D.D., L.L D., Chairman; 
 Rev. F. L. Hawks, D.D., L.L.D.; Rev. J. H. Hobart, D.D.; Rev. 
 S. Cooke, D.D.; Rev. P. S. Chauncey, D.D.; Rev. R. B. Van 
 Kleeck, D.D.; H on. Luther Bradish ; Cyrus Curtiss, Esq.; G. 
 N. Titus, Esq.; J. D. Wolfe, Esq ; Isaac Seymour, Esq. 
 
 New York, Nov. 20, 1860. 
 
 To the Committee for Domestic Missions of the Board of' JMissions 
 
 of the Protestant Episcopal Church : — 
 
 Gentlemen : We have received with much pleasure, and con¬ 
 sidered with much respect the communication you did us the honor 
 to address us on the 30th of October. 
 
 We are gratified and encouraged by the liberal and friendly 
 character of the resolutions of the Board of Missions which you 
 have been pleased to send us. 
 
 We should always esteem any personal conference with your¬ 
 selves as highly agreeable and honorable to us. 
 
 We perceive but one resolution, viz : the third in your letter, 
 that particularly concerns ourselves in an official relation, and 
 inasmuch as, in our view, our present and actual relations are en¬ 
 tirely harmonious, and we are unaware of any point of duty com¬ 
 mitted to us which requires adjustment in order to render it har¬ 
 monious with the duty and responsibilities of the Domestic Com¬ 
 mittee, or the Board of Missions, we have nothing, as a Commit¬ 
 tee, to suggest, but the cultivation and maintenance of the same 
 friendly feeling, which has prompted the resolutions we have re¬ 
 ceived from you. 
 
 At the same time, if there be any subject connected with the 
 work assigned to us, which the Domestic Committee desire to 
 suggest, we shall feel it equally our pleasure and our. duty to give 
 every communication from them the most respectful and deliberate 
 consideration. 
 
1861.] 
 
 Obituary Notices , $fc. 
 
 617 
 
 We reciprocate with great satisfaction the expressions of your 
 letter, assuring you in our turn that on’our own part “there exists 
 the most honest desire to do all we can to further your efforts for 
 spreading the Gospel of Christ,” and we. shall rejoice in every 
 way within our appointed duty to make this desire manifest and 
 operative. 
 
 We are, gentlemen, with sincere Christian affection, your 
 friends and brethren, 
 
 (Signed.) Rev. Henry Anthon, D.D.; Rev. E. H. Canfield, 
 D.D.; Rev. Lot Jones, D.D.; Rev. Stephen H. Tyng, D.D. ; 
 Rev. Frederick S. Wiley; Rev. H. Dyer, D.D.; E. W, Dunham, 
 Esq. ; Fred. G. Foster, Esq. ; Fred. T. Feet, Esq. ; Horace Web¬ 
 ster, L.L.D. 
 
 <©tutuarg Kottcts* 
 
 Died, at Pawley’s, St. John’s Berkley, on the 13th Dec., ANN HUME, elder 
 daughter of Lewis and Ann VV. Simons, aged 9 years and 28 days. 
 
 Died, on the 24th of Dec., at Pawley’s, FRANCIS WARING, eldest son of 
 Lewis and Ann W. Simons, aged 7 years, 8 months and 4 days. 
 
 Died, at Buck Hall. St- John’s, on the 10th January, HORRY DEAS, infant 
 of Lewis and Ann W. Simons, aged 2 months and 24 days. 
 
 Interesting, cheerful, and lovely, their removal has sadly clouded a once 
 happy home in which they were most fondly aud affectionately cherished, and 
 we feel language inadequate to express the depth of our sympathy for the 
 parents so repeatedly and severely afflicted. *May they be visited by the heal¬ 
 ing hand of Him, who has wounded, and may their gloom be brightened by 
 hopes of a blissful reuuion. 
 
 These precious and cherished little ones were, by baptism, early made 
 “members of Christ, children of God, and inheritors of the kingdom of Heaven/ 
 and planted thus in the House of the Lord ; they have been called while yet 
 in their childhood’s purity, to bloom in the courts of their God, and realize the 
 bliss of that bright inheritance then promised for Jesus’ sake. , 
 
 “My Lord has need of these flowrets gay, 
 
 The Reaper said, and smiled. 
 
 Dear tokens of the earth are they 
 Where He was once a child. 
 
 They shall all bloom in fields of light 
 Transplanted by My care, 
 
 And saints upon their garments white, 
 
 These sacred blossoms wear. 
 
 And the parents gave in tears and pain 
 The flowers they most did love ; 
 
 They knew they should find them all again 
 In the fields of light above. 
 
 O. not in cruelty, not in wrath. 
 
 The Reaper came that day, 
 
 ’Twas an angel visited the green earth, 
 
 And took the flowers away.” 
 
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
 
 The undersigned acknowledges very gratefully, from Upper St. John's, thro' 
 the Rev. J. Roberts Johnson, the sum of thirty-five dollars, for Grace Church, 
 Anderson. B. JOHNSON, Missionary. 
 
 January 25th, 1861. 
 
 The undersigned thankfully acknowledges the receipt of the following- 
 sums, to aid in purchasing a Bell, for the Church of the Nativity , UnionvilleJ 
 From the Rev. J. J. Roberts, $5; from Rev. W. O. Prentiss, $5; from 
 Rev. C. F. Jones, D. D. $2 ; from Rev. M,H. Lance, $5. 
 
 Unionville, January 22, 1860. J. D. M‘Coll6u6h. Missionary. 
 
CIS 
 
 A clcnowledgemcnts. 
 
 IlKNRY TrksCOT, Esq., Agent for Foreign Missions, reports as follows:— 
 
 1860. 
 
 Dee. 13. From All Saints, Waccamaw, for African Mission, $10 00 
 14. St. Philip's Church, general, 50 00 
 
 1861. Jan. 10. “ Miss Huard's Class, St. Stephen’s Chapel, gen’l. 2 00 
 
 19. “ Grace Church, for Bishop Boone, - - 101 84 
 
 “ Mr. Sinkler, general,. 25 00 
 
 188 84 
 
 J. K. Sass, Esq., Receiving Agent for Domestic Missions, acknowledges the 
 receipt of the following sums: 
 
 From St. Michael’s Sunday School for student at Nashotah, - - $25 00 
 
 From St. Philip’s, Charleston, lor Bishop Lay, $25; for Bp. Gregg, $25, 50 00 
 ■ “ ’• for Rev. Mr. J3acon, Nachitoches, La., 10 00 
 
 St Stephen’s and Upper St. John’s from Chas. Sinkler, Esq., general, 25 00 
 
 From Do., for Bishop Lay,.--- 20 00 
 
 From Grace Church, Camden, S. School,for Indian Miss’ns under Bp. Lay, 20 00 
 From Prince Frederick’s, Peedee, Hon. R. F. W. Allston, for Bishop Lay, 50 00 
 From Christ Church, Columbia, for Bishop Gregg, - - - - 25 00 
 
 From St. Peter’s, Charleston, for Sell wood fund, - - - - 75 00 
 
 $295 00 
 
 DIOCESAN CHARITIES. 
 
 From a Lady for Theological Seminary, Camden, to be applied as the 
 
 Rev. T. F. Davis, jr., may think best,.$50 00 
 
 From St. Michael’s Working Society, second payment towards the 
 
 endowment of the Theological Seminary,. 100 00 
 
 From St. Phillip’s, Charleston, for Diocesan Missions, - - - 25 00 
 
 From St. Stephen’s and Upper Srt John’s, from Charles Sinkler, Esq., 
 
 for Diocesan Missions, - -. 100 00 
 
 $275 00 
 
 The Treasurer of The Church Home, acknowledges the following receipts 
 for January, viz : — 
 
 Board of an Inmate, from Miss H. Pinckney, ----- $25 00 
 
 Donation from Sarah P. Smith, 25 00 
 
 Interest on G. K. Railroad Stock, - - - - - - -17 50 
 
 Do. on City 6 per cent. Stock, ------ 20 75 
 
 Donation through Rev. W. B-W. Howe, - - - 10 00 
 
 Do. from Rev. Wm. Dehon,. 20 00 
 
 Through Mrs. T. .1. Young, Subscription from Mrs. Alfred Huger 
 in advance, $5 ; from D. E. Huger, Teacher’s salary, $2 ; 
 from William Smith, teacher's salary, $2 : from Mrs. T. J. 
 
 Young, $5, donation, $1, -.15 00 
 
 $133 25 
 
 As the Treasurer of St. Stephen's Chapel he also acknowledges the receipt of 
 $5, from Miss Martha W. Philips, for erection of a tablet ta the memory of 
 the late Rev. C, Wallace. 
 
 The Administrator of the Estate of the Rev. C. Wallace, acknowledges the 
 receipt of Mr. Joseph B. Pyatt’s subscription for the purchase of Wallace Li¬ 
 brary for the Seminary at Camden, $40. 
 
 He avails himself of this opportunity to state that even after realising a few" 
 subscriptions still open, there will be a deficiency of about $200, in the amount 
 expected to be raised by sale of Library for payment of debts. The period 
 for settling the estate finally expires in March 1861. 
 
 John E. Phillips, 
 Administrator Rev. C. Wallace, 
 
 Charleston, Jan. 28, 1861. 
 
 (For Calendar see Cover-)