% li.ux, / ^r LIBEARY (tluotoflical j^emuuuvu PRINCETON, A •/. No. ( '•?. ,-f-A mm 0 V Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/aeriusredivivusoOOheyl_0 y V (fye/- lo A E% IV S %BT> IV I yv S: OR, THE HISTORY OF THE Presbyterians. CONTAINING The Beginnings, Progrefs and SuccclTes of that atfivc Se& Their Oppoficiont to Monarchical and Epifcopal Government. Their fnnovations in the Church : and, Their imbroylmcnt, of the Kingdoms and E/tares of Chriftcndom in the purfuic of their Dcfigncs. From the Year i^]6 , to the Year 1 6q.j. By P « t r r Hetlyn D. D. And Chaplain to Charles the lriT(\,ai)dCbjrles the Second, MONARCHS of GREAT BRITAIN. $ OXFORD.- Printed for J . Crrfx\, an J an? b ' :iW-/ 7 ' ;' • ■ : 'corgi XX ClifferdfUine, in Fleetftrtet, and Cl ■ the Blacl-h v againfl & r .<.?.: ■.,-., I r« 167c. To the Right Honorable, The LordsSpiritual&Temporal, and Commons in Parliament affembled. May it pleafe Your Honors, Ou are here mo(t humbly implored for the Tatronageof tranfaBed by the lAnceifors of a Sc#, to this day more then enough warm in the "Bowels of thefe Kingdoms, are to /land and fall in Your (jrave and fa* dicwus opinions , according to their correspondency with the Annals of Your own and other Countreys. If I had nothing to plead for the Publication of this Hiftory, but thecal of a Son to prefers his Fathers Off-fpring from treading tooclofe after him to the (jraye, I doubt not it would ea fly prevail withfo much Noblenefs as the High and Honorable Court of Parliament doth imply: 'But lam moreover apt to believe, that when Your Wifdoms pleafe to confider, that the P&rtybere* by proved peccant, are jlill fo far from "Repentance, that they dare to boafl their Irmocency , and vie Loy- alty and peaceable mmdednefsat thejamerate(atleafl) they did before our late Troubles andprefent Difteni* persmade their Turbulencies W Seditions notori- ous ; I may then reafonably, I hope, beg Your favor- able acceptance of this Dedication ; or at leafl depend upon that pardon from you, which the of ended Party will be unwilling to allow to him, who though unworthy (ogreatan honor, craves leaye to fubfcribehmfelf, (Hight Honorable Lords and Gentlemen} Your moft Devoted and Obedient Servant, Henry Heyfyn. The Pre- 5S5^V\ THE P R E F A E Vending a complcat Hifibry of the Tftsbytcrians, jri allelic Principles, Pracliccs, and moft remarkable Pro- ceedings of that dangerous Se& 5 I am ro rake a Higher aim then the time of Cslvin (though he be com- monly pretended for the Founder of it) and fetch their Pedigree from thofe whofc ftepts thev fol- low. For as our Saviour faid to fomc of the Jew-, that they were of 'their Fdther the Devil, and the worhj of their Father they would do : So by their works', thar is ro fay, b\ the Opinions which they hold, the DocTrincs Which they prc-acli, and rhe DiAurbances by them made in thefe parts of Chriftendom, we may beft find irom whar Original they derive themfelvcs. I know that lome, out of pure zeal unto the Caufe, would fain intirfe them to a delccnt from the Jewifli Sanhedrim, ordained by God himiclf in the time of Mofcf. And that it might comply the better with their ends arid pjrpofes, they have endeavoured to make that famous Conliftory or the Seventy Elder1, not onclv a co> ordinate power with that A 2 of THE PREFACE, of Mofes , and after his dcceafe with the Kings and Princes of that State in this Publick Government ; but a Power Paramount and Supreme, from which lay no appeal to any but to God himfelf: A power by which they were enabled not onely to control the aftions of their Kings and Princes, butalfoto correct their perfons. Which as* I can by no means grant to be invefted in the Sanhedrim by God himfelf, or otherwife ufurped and praftifed by them in the times of that Monarchy *, though poifibly th :y might predominate in thofe times and intervals in which there was no King in Ifrael (as fuch times there were : ) fo neither can I yield unto the Presbyterians any fuch Pre- rogative, as to derive themfelves and their pretenfions, whether it be over Kings or Bifhops, from the Jevvifh Sanhedrim. And yet I mall not grutch them an Anti- quity as great as that which they de fire, as great as that of Mofer or the Jewifh Sanhedrim, from which they would fo willingly derive themfelves. For if we look upon them in their profeffed oppofiti- on, as well to all Monarchical as Epifcopal Government, we cannot but give them an Extraction from that famous Triumvirate, Korah, Dathan and Abiram, combined in a Defign a gain ft Mofes and Aaron, againft the Chief-Piieft and the Supreme Prince \ thoueh otherwife of different Families, and having different Counfels amongft them- felves. For Dathan and Abiram were defcended from the Line of Reuben, the eldeft Son of Father Jacob j and therefore thought themfelves more capable of the Sove- raign Power then Mofes, who defcended from a younger houfe. And Korah thought himfelf as much neglected, in feeing Eli%aphan the Son of 'V^'z.ielto have been made the Prince of the Kohatbites (the principal Family of the Levitesncxt to that of Gerfon) when he himfelf defcend- ed of the elder Brother. Nor was he able to difcern, but that if there Were any fuch neceffity of h-aving one Prieft above the reft in place and power, the Mitre might fit as I HE V RE ACE. as well Upon his heard as on that of Aaron, whole readme ('•>• in complying wirh the peoples humor in letting np the Golden-Calf, had rend red him un capable oi {<> great a truft. Having conferred their notes, and compared their grievances, rhev were.rcfolved ro right r.:: mfelves, ami ro have neither any Ghief-Prieft or Sovereign Prince to K»r Ac- complices of the Tribe oi Levi had gained amongft the common people , by reafon of their Intercfts and Con- cernments in Sacred matters: lo excellent arc the oppo'- tunitics which arc afforded to unquiet and leditioi; men, when cither by a lecming zeal ro the Worfhip oi God, or A3 by THE PREFACE. by Tome fpecia! place and interefi: in his Publick Service, they are become confiderable in the eyes of the Vul* gar. Thefe were the firfl feeds of thofe dangerous Doclrines, and mod unwarrantable practtccs,which afterwards brought forth fuch fad effects toward the latter end of the Jewifli State, when the Pharifees began to draw unto themfelves the managing of all affairs, both Sacred and Civil. They were not ignorant of that high difplcafure which God had manifeftly (hewn againft the principal Authors of that firft Sedition, who under the pretence of regulating the Authority of his two Chief Minifters, had put a baffle, as it were, upon God himfelf, whofe Servants and Minifters they were. The Pha'rifees therefore were content, that both the Chief Prie/3: and the Supreme Prince ihould ftill preferve their rank and ftation, as in former times i but fo, that neither of them fhould be able to aft any thing of weight and moment, but as directed by their counfels, and influenced by their affiftance* For the obtaining of which point, what arts they ufed, what practices they fee on foot, and by what artifices they prevailed upon mens af- fections y as alfo into what calamities they plunged that Nation by the abufe of their Authority, having once ob- tained it, /nail be laid down at large in the following Hi- itory. All the particulars whereof, the Reader is defired to obferve diftindlly, that he may fee how punctually the Presbyterians of our times have played the Phari- fees h as well in the getting of their power by leffen- ing the Authority both of Prince and Prelate, as in ex- afperating the people to a dangerous War for the de- ftrud7ion of them both \ the calling in of Foreign forces to abet their quarrel j the fractions and divisions amongft themfelves y and the moft woful Defolation which they have brought upon the happieft and moft flouri/hing Church which the Sun of Righteoufnefs ever fliined on fince the Primitive times. Nee ovum ovo , nee lac lacii fimiliuf. THE FRET ACE. fimilius. Jupiter could not make Jiiink 11 more like Am- pbitrio, nor Mercury plav the pare of Socix with more ie- iemblancc, then the enfuing Srorv may be parallcl'd in our lare Combufiions ; Actor tor Actor, Part tor Part, and Line for Line; there being nothing fettered fin a manner) in that Icartul Tragcdic, but tlvc Stage or Theatre. Change the Stage from Paleftine, or the Realm oijuda, and vvc (hall fee the fame Playacted over again in many parts and Provinces oi the Chriftian Church. In which we flnde the Doaiini 8 of the Pharilecs revived by fome i their I f y- pocrifie, or pretended Purity, taken up by others 5 their Artifices to encrcafe their party in the gaining of Profc- lytcs, embraced and followed by a third, till they grew formidable to thofc powers under which they lived j and finally, the fame Confufions introduced in all parts of Chriftendom, in which their counfels have been followed. Which I fhall generally reduce under thefc four heads '-, that is to fay, The praclices of the Novatians in the North i the Arridttt inrheEaft; the Donatifls in Affncl^, or the the Southern parts } and the Frifcilliamjis in the Weftern. The arts and fubtiltics of the Phatifecs were at firft fup- pos'dtobetoo Heterogeneous to be all found in any one Seel: of Hereticks amongft the Chriftians, till they were all united in the Presbyterians; the Sects or Hcrcticks above mentioned, participating more or lefs of their dangerous counlels, as they conceived it neceffary to advance their particular ends : In the purfuance of which ends, as the Amans ventured upon many points which were not known to the Novatians, and th■ ;*\ rT> .;• v '*• t ^*>, /■«- /*- ££& /&, {%>, ,^i>, .ii>ifl then, and the fever.il exceptions in purf nance of them, from the year 1589, to the year 1595. Lib. X. Containing A relation of their Plot s and Pr trices in the Realm of England ; their horrible Infolencies, Trcjfons, and Sediti- ons in t hi Kingdom of Scotland, from the year i$9$, to year 1603. Lib. xr. Containing Their fuccejjec either ^ood or bad in England, Scotland, Ireland, and the Ifles of Jcrfev, from the year 160*3, to the year 1623 ', with fomewhat touching their affairs, as well in France and Sweden, as the Belgick Provinces. Lib. XII. Containing Tbeir tumult mating in the Belgick Provinces; their Pra- Elices and InfurrreSiions in the Higher-Germany ; the fru~ fl rating THE CONTENTS ftrating their defigne on the Churches of Brandenbcrg} the revolts of Tranfylvania, Hungary, Auftria and Bohemia, andthe Rebellions of the French -, from the year 1610, to the year , 161%. Lib. Xllf. Con? airing 'the Infurreciion of the Presbyterian and Puritan Faclion m the Realm of Scotland ; the Rebellions raifed by them in England ', their horrid Sacriledges, Murders, Spoils and Rapines in purfuit thereof, their Innovations both in Do- Brine and Difaplme, and the great Alteration made in the Civil Government ; from the year 1536', to the year ^647, when they were flript of all Command by the Indepen- dants. Advetvifement of Books newly frimtd. The Hiftory of the late Wars in Denmark^, comprizing all the Tranfadtions , . both Military and Civil , during the differences betwixt the two Northern Crowns, in the years 1657, 1658, 1659, 1660. Uluftrated with feveral Maps. By R.Manley. lobe fold by Tho.BafTet, at the] George j^Fleetftreet. A Help to Englifh Hiftory : Containing a Succeffion of all the Kings of England, the Engliih Saxons, andthe Britains » the Kings and Princes of Wa /ex, the Kings and Lords of Max, thelfleof Wight: As al/b, of all the Dukes, Mar- quefles, Earls and Bifliops thereof ; with the defcription of the places from •whence they had their Titles: continued and enlarged with the names and yanks of the Vifcounts, Barons and Baronets, to the year 1669. By Peter Heylyn. i^f-?a& A ET\ I V S % B T> I V I V ' V S t o R, The Hiftory Of the PRESBYTERIANS. Lib. I. Containing Tbefirft inflitution of Presbytcrie in the Torvn of Geneva j the Arts and Practices by rvbtcb it kvm impofed on the tiecl^ of that City, and prejfed upon all the Chun hes of the Reformation, together with the d.wgeroiir Principles and To fit ions of the chief Cowitrivcrs , m the pnrj nance of that projeii^from the year 1536,10 the year 1585. themfel by the ves, tan T fuch time as it plcafed Cod to raifc up Martin Luther, a Divine of Saxopie, ti» write againft the errours and corruption; of the Church of Komc, VlJerick luiu- gl'Uf, a Cannon of the Church of Zurick^ endeavoured the like Reformation a- mongft the Srrit^ers ; but holding no in- telligence with one another5they travailed divers ways in purfuaoce ot it j which firff produced fome Animofities between not to be reconciled by a pcrfonal Conference, which t grave of Hitjfis was procured between them *, but & aftcr- I5i7= 5Ei)c tyBmv of tlje ^esbptetian& afterwards occasioned far more obftin3te ruptures b^twe^n the follovveis of the parties in their feveral (rations. The •■%uia g Via h Reformation was begun in defacing Images, decrying the effa- bliihed Fafts and appointed Fcftivals,abolifning fet formsot wor- fhip, denying the old Catholick Dodtrineof a real prefesce, and consequently all external reverence in the participation of trie bleffed Sacrament', which Luther ferioudy laboured to preferve in the fameeftate, in which he found themat the prefent : They differed alfo in the Doctrine of Predeftination , which Luther tau-ght according to the current of the ancient Fathers , who lived and flourilhed before the writings of St. Augujline 510 that the Romanics had not any thing to except againft in t hat particu- lar., when it was canvaffedby the School-men in the oincilof Trent. But Zuinglim taught^s was collected from his writings, that the Elect and Predeftinate are cc truely juftified} that the juftified are bound by Faith to believe cc they arcin the number of the Predeftinated-} that the juftified C{ cannot fall from Grace, but is rather bound to believe, that *' if he chance to fall from Grace, he (hall receive it again ^ cc and finally, that thofe who are not in the number of the Pre* *5de(Unate, fhall never receive Grace, though offered to them* Which difference being added unto that of the Sacramentj and eagerly purfued oaboth fides, occafioned fuch a mortal and im- placable hatred between the parties, that the Lutherans have fo- lemnly vowed rather to fall off roundly to the Church of Rome^ then yeild to thofe Predeftinarian andSacramentary peftilences, as they commonly called them. But Zuinglim in the mean time carried it amongft the Srvitzers '-, five of thofe thirteen Cantons entertain his Doctrine, the like did alfo divers Towns, and Seignories which lay neareft to them j of which Geneva, in a fhort time became molt considerable. 2. Geneva is a City of the Alpian Provinces belonging anci- ently to the AUohrogeS) and from thence called Awelia Allohro* gum by fomeLatine writers 3 fcituated on the South-fide of the Lake £r<>u g 'nt under the obedience of the Homuns by the power Ot f.i/jr, it continued a member of that Empire •-, rill the Unround:. ins , in the time of Honorivf-, \ ^ defied rhemlelves ot nil thole Gallic^ Provinces which lay toward the 4l\ la the Di virion or thole Kingdoms by C bar Us the Bsld/it was made a part of Burgwmdie9 called Jr.inj- /.. .//ij, becaufe it lav beyond the 'Jour^ and was by him con- fc don Conradc a Smxch Prince, fon of Duke WitibimA the tl and younger brother of Hubert the iirlr Earl of Anjovo. Ai piringof whole line, by which it had been held under f< ral 1 itl< • ot Kin.;, Earl and Duke 5 it was by liudulph the lad Prince, beitowed or. the Emperour Ho*rj , (i roamed the Bljck, as his neareft kinfman) and by that d united totlie 6 ;".- ' ire, governed by fuch Imperial Officers as were appointed by thofeEmperourstotheir (everal Provinces; till by the weaknefs or improvidence of t lie Lords in Chief , thofe Of- ficers made t hem f elves Hereditary Princes in their feveral Ter- ritories. 3. In which divifion of the prey, the City and Signiory of c nevj, which before was governed by Officiary and Titular Marls,, accountable to the C trot 4 ft Empire; was made a Sovera Eftatc under its own Proprietary Earls, as the fole Lords of it. Betwixt thefe and the Bifhops ("Sulfragans to the Archbifhop of l ienna in Daulphinc ) grew many quarrels tor the abfolute M and thereof, in time, the biihops did obtain of the Em- p ur / rcclcrii\x.\\c firft, that they and their Succcflors fhould be the fole Princes of Ccncva^ free from all taxes, and not ac- countable to any butthe LCmperours: which notwithftandin's',the Earl continuing (till to moleitthe biihops, they were fain to call unto their aid the F?,arl of Savvy, whotook upon him iirlr as Pro- te&oronely, but afterwards as Lord in Chief. For wh Rights of the Earls of Gaerao*, by the Marriage of ;.' >**<», Earl of s.jvcj, with Beatrix a Daughter of the Earls, feH into that houfe; then Ame or Amide, the firfl: of that name,obtain'd of the Emperour, Cbirles the Fourth , to be I'icar-Ccnci.il of the Empire in his own Country, and in that right Superiourto the Bifhopinall Temporal matters : and Amc, or Avt*d* the tirfb Duke got from Tope Aftrtin ( to the great prejudice ot the ! fliops) a grant of all the Temporal jurifdi t it. Alter which time the Biihops were conftraincd to do homage to the Dukes (., f9 and acknowledge them for their Soveraign Lords : the Authority of the Dukes being grown lo great (not- withltanding that the people were immediately lubjeel: unto their Bilhop onely) that the Money in is tramped with the Dukes Name and Figure j capital 1 te parti b a %\)t i^tftojp of ttje $;test)ptetiatt& a Habebat jm gladii & alias c'wilk jurifdiRionk partet,fed m*< giftratui e° reptas. I528« fcj§>H«2Vire- to & Fare Ho faSa funty fuffragio meo (omprobavi. £ Libtrtatit fu£ pattern) as himfclf confeffeth. Nor did they onely in that Tumult alter every thing which had difpleafed them in the Church * but changed the Go- vernment of the Town 5 difclaiming all Allegiance either to their Bifhop or their Dukejand (landing on their own Liberty as a Free Eftate, governed by a Common Council of 200 perfons , out of which four are chofen annually by the name of Syndickj^ who fit as Judges in the Court,the Mayors and Bay liffs (as it were) of the Corporation. And for this alfo they were moft indebted to the active counfels of FareUuf , whom Calvin therefore calls the fa- ther of the publike Liberty ff j and faith in an Eoiftle unto thofe of Zurich dated 26 Novem'?. 1553, tnat tne G^*^"**' did owe themfelves ^wholly to his care and counfels. And it appears by Calvin alfo, that the people could have been content to live un- der their Bifhop, if the Bifhop could have been content to reform Religion j and more then fo,that they had deferved thegreateft Cenfures of the Church, if it had been otherwife. For thus he ivrires in his faid Letter to Cardinal Sadolet } Talent nobis Hierar" ckiam ft cxhibeant, &c* If, faith he, they could offer to us fuch X!)c Vnttojy of tilt ltorstyttriait& a Hierarchy , or E pi fco pa I Government, wherein the Biihopi (hall !<> rule , as that they refule nut to fnbmir themlelves to Chrilf, that they alio depend upon him as their onely head, and can be content to refer t Ik- inf elves to him j in which they will fo keep brotherly lociety amongft themfelves , as to be knit togcrherby no other bund then that of T ruth j then Purely, if there (hall be any that will nut iubmit themlelves toth.it Hierarchy, reverent- ly, and witli the greatelf obedience that may be, I mult confefs there is no kiiule of Anathema, or ca/ting to the devil, which they are not worthy of. But in regard the Bilhop could not farisfie them in their ex pecTar iuns,they arc rtfolved to (ar Mi erhrmf elves our of hit Bftate s and eit her tor his (ake, or their own, to caff off all relation to the Duke of £*v0#,as their Patron Paramount. And though both Lords did atterwards unite aLjainft them , and be- lieved theTowo) vet by the help of tliofc or Kerne-, (with whom they joyned themfelv s in a (frier Confederate ) they rcpulfed them both. Since which time, they have ftrongly fortified the Town on all (ides, but mult elptcially on that fide which lies to- ward Savoy, and would never lince permit theDuke to armany Boats or Galleys upon the Lake , tor tear he might make ufe of them to their diladvantage. 5. 1 he power and dominion of that Citie being thus put into the hands ot the common people, it could not be expected that any Discipline or good Order lhould be kept in the Church. The Common-Council of the Town difpofed of all things as they pkaled i antl it any Crime which anciently belonged to the Ec- clelialtical Di(cipline,did happen to be committed in it } it was puniihed by order trcm the Council. NoCenfurts Ecclefiaffical, no Sentence of Excommunication , was either thought on at Ge- ncva^ or at that time in any other of the Popular Churches, mo- delled according to the Form devifed by Ininglius \ as * Bezac siquij>tr. hath of lerved in the Life of Calvin. The likeaffirmed by Calvin Stcmmd- alfo. in his Letter above-mentioned to thofe of Zurich •-, w ho ["' r V "! ri' grants it to have been a received opinion , with iome very grave n*Uu* hem. and learned men, f that Excommunication was not ncccllary un-f Q»ibm /,$ der ChiiltianMagiffiates. And (o it (food till Calvin's coming Punapibm to the Citie, Anno 1556, who being born at Noyon, (NoviocUnum) c*ri/?/««* the chief 1 own of Picardie, was by his father defined to the Ci- eg"e \eCeflM,it vil Laws: but his own inclination earned him rather to theftudiefx^mmniJ- of Divinity , in the purfuit whereof he firft begin to fancie rhec<"9' Reformed Keiigion $ and finding no alliirance in the Realm of France^ refulved to fix himfelf in Strasburghox RmJU. But takng Genev* in his way , upon the importunity ofFartitv*, he o-nde- feended to make that place the Scene of his actions and endea- vours^ and his ailenr being once made known, he was forthwith, id n it ted to be one of their Preachers, and in the Month of Am^hJI cholen their Divinity-Reader. This done, he prefently nego- tiates with them not oneiyro abjure thePapacie, with all obedi- ence to their Bilhop tor the time to come, but to admit fome heads of 6 urtjc ^i&mv of tiyt #?esbptctian& iOuodDoihi- of Doctrine , and fuch a / Form of Difcipline as he and biscoi- *S£SpSi- leagueshad devifed for them. And he prevailed in it at the laft5 'bin aliquot though with no fmali difficulty } the faid Difcipline being gene- "dminnw"1 ra^ ^worn ar*d fubfcribed unto, 20 July 1 537. Which Form of Bez. hvti'. Difcipline what it was,lhavenowhere found* but fure [ am,thac ^Ctfiv. it had no affinity with the practice of the Primitive Church , l. 5 3 7 - which gCalvin plainly doth acknowledge in his Letter to Sadolet, ^//w^irtw w^° nac* ODJe&ed ^ againft him. But the people being proud habuh £cc/f- and headftrong , and not willing to be ftripped fo eaiily of the fia npud not preciousLiberty which fo happily they had acquired. became foon cu)neg;noS weary ofr the yoke, though they diiguiled it under colour of not diffitemur. giving offence to thofe of Berne-, Zurich and the reft of their 1558. neighbours, whofe friendfhip was moft neceflary for them in all time of trouble. But Calvin being peremptory not to admini- ster the Communion unto any of thofe, who could not quietly without contradiction fubmit themfelves unto the Difcipline which themfelves had fworn to, and having Varellits and Coral- dusjLVjo of his A ffociates in conjunction. with him j together with his two Aflbciates is expelled the Town. 6. Three years, or thereabouts, he continued in his excite, being bountifully entertain d at Strasburge, where by his dili- gent preaching, and laborious writings , he grew into a greater reputation then the reft of their Minifters * the fame whereoC being daily pofted to Geneva^ made them firft fenfible of the lofs that they fufrered in him, and afterwards procured them to^ follicitethe Chief Magiftrates of the City of Strasburgeto licenfe his return unto them : from whence at laft with unrefiftable im- portunity he was again recalled by that unconftant multitude r Adelireto which by no means he would hearken, unlefs both they and all their Minifters would take a folemn Oath, toadmit a compleat Form of Difcipline, not arbitrary, nor changeable, but to remain in force for ever after. Upon afTurance of their conformity herein, he returns unto them , like another Tnlly unto Rome: and certainly we may fay of him, as theHiftorian hNeequif-h doth of the other 5 that never man was banifhed with grea- ?»//«* e/l/J3-ter infolence , nor welcomed home again with an equal glad- diofms nee re- nefs. On the 13 day of September 1541, he is received into vlvs&Hifl. tne Town 5 and on* the 20 of November following, heconfirm'd ubi2. ' his Difcipline,whichhe had modelled in this manner : A (landing I54r- Ecclefiaftical Court to be eftablifhed 5 perpetual Judgesin that - Court to be the Minifters 5 others of the people annually chofen (twice fo many in number J to be Judges together with them in the fame Court : this Court to have care of all mens Manners, power of determining all kinde of Ecclefiaftical caufes ^ and Authority to convent, to control, and to puniib as far as with Excommunication, whenfoeverthey (hould think to have de- ferved ir5none either fmall or great excepted. To this device he brought the people to fubmit^without any reluctancie : for what cauie had they to fufpeft any yoak or bondage to be intended in y.ijt #ifto# cttl:c ^:rrlvtrurn^ in that project, wherein they h.itl .1 d Miniltcr, and eanfequently I double number on their ipbn all octalions. Hut when rhc firfr year wajexpirC'd the Kldcrs ot that year were to fea'Vti iheir pljc- pWCI . ivi- 1 hoVmueh thev fi I I intht ailed rhnnlelvi-s bv theii n facility. Ard rtoVv the «.n ro hivr f, rnc Idling lip of the Seats in the Cenlilrory w Ith I tamin of Lay-men, was* but to plfcafe rtie mimle* bfrht | t > t h • r endthey might think themf'elres of fotne power therein 5 1 their Pallors being men ot pafrt , nnd p'ra.hfc d in affairs of 1 nature, would ealily overrule fbe rclr , thou.-'i the greater number •, that the Lav elders' bcii v annual .and c from one year to another, nr'gr.t f 1 r i> the Common council oi C by which their judgement w. u i quired) that is t ! hat they had heard all i fthofeGon- liliori.il Laws, and did acknowledge them to be godly Ordi- nances, dr.tr: refctipc or Word ot God : In which rclpeir they did not think it good for the Church ot Gc x to m . v innovation in the fame , but ratbei them at they were. Thii caution being interpofed, thu I iy- eloers fhould bechofen fromnmongftthemfelVes{ that iti ten of them to bey < it of the Council of two hundred \ and the other two (for I here weretobebut twelve in a.1!) to be e- leftcd out ot the more powerful Council ot the live and twenty. o. Now for the quarrel which he h. id with Captai»P«ri««, it was briefly this, as he himlelf relates the Irory in bis own I ifles. Dancing had been prohibited by his Pollicitation, when he fir ft fetled in that Town) and he refolded to have ins will obeyed in that, as in all things eife. But on the contrary, this ferine* together with < d rmim(j\ man of like power amongft the people) one of the XynAtckj, or chief M lgilrates in the Com- mon-wealths one of the Elders for the year, who was called Hcnncus , together with other of their Friends, being merry at an Invitatinn, tell to dancing : Notice hereof being giv. n t > Culvin by fomefalfc Brother, they wereall called into theCm- lllrory, excepting Corneufzrxd rcrinut'-, and being interrogated thereupon, * 1 hey lyed, laid he, moft impudently bothtoCiod * 1*ndf»m and \is(moji Jpo'ihlicaUj faid.)kt that, ("aid he, I grew offended, ''■'' as the indignity of the thing dcLrvedj and they perilling in their " ' contumacies I thought it lie to put them to their Oaths about ' it, (by witch it fee ms th.it the Oath Ex officio msjbe ufed in Ge-;i" " neva, though crjed Aorrn in England^) lo fa id , fo done. An they not onely did confefs their former dancing, bur alfo that*"" uponthat very day they had been dancing in the honfo of one £ 'EJ[. '** ri.ilt h.ifjl'b Widow t On which confeliion* he proceeded tothe cenfure < t all the parties, which certainly was lharp enough I r jo final I a fault, a fault he was refolved to maki it) the SynAu^bc'u laced 5 the Elder turned out of his Office 5 terime and hi. Wifeclapt up m Prifon, and all the relt expoi to fomc open lhame. So he in his Epiftle to I. wr, jinno 1 5 4 ^; - Upon this ground fetimm always made him;, the oppolite party, and thereupon follicited the relaxation given to Icrtilter ; but in the end was ion get her with the r to fnbmit themfelves unto this yoak s and the final fentenc< the faid four Churches was impofed upon them. And lo we have the true beginning of the Genevitn Qifcipline, begotten m Rebellion, born in Sedition, and nurfednp by Faction. C 1 bus 10 XDe ^ifto^ of tt)e ^csbptertett& 10. Thus was the Difcipline confirmed, and Calvin i'etled in the jurifdiftion which he had afpired to : But long he could not be content with fo narrow a Diocefs as the Town and Ter- ritory of Geneva j and would have thought himfelt negledred, if all thofe Churches which embraced the Zuinglian Dodfrines had not withal received the Genevian Difcipline , for the con- firming whereof at home, and the promoting it in all parts a- broad, there was no palTage in the Scripture, which either fpake of Elders or Excommunication , but he applyed the fame for juftifying the Authority of his" new Vresbytery^ in which the Lay- elders were confidered as diftmcl: from thofe which laboured inthe Word and Sacraments, but joyned with them in theexercife of a Jurifdi&ion (even that of Ordination alfo) which concern- ed the Church. Affuredly, we are as much in love with the Children of our Brains, as of our Bodies 5 anddoas earneftly de« fire the preferment of them. Calvin had no fooner conceived and brought forth this Difcipline , but he caufed it firft to be nourifhed and brought up at the chargeof Geneva 5 and when he found it ftrong enough to go abroad of it felf,he afterwards com- mended it to the entertainment of all other Churches, in which he had attained to any credit 5 proceeding finally fo far, as to - impofe it upon the world as a matter necellary , and not to be refufed on pain of Gods high difpleafure : by means whereof^ what Jealoufies, Heart-burnings, Jars and Difcords have been occafioned in theProteftant Reformed Churches, will be made manifeft by the courfe of this prefent Hiftpry : VWiich, notwith- ftanding, might eafily have been prevented, if the Orders which he deviled for the ufe of this City, had not been firft eftablilhed in themfelves, 8c then tendered unto others,as things everlafting- Jy required by the Law of that Lord of lords, againft whofe Sta- tutes there was no exception to betaken. In which refpeer it could not chufe but come to pafs, that his Followers might con- demn all other Churches which received it not, of manifeft dif- obedience to the Will of Chrift : And being once engaged, could not finde a way how to retire again with Honour. Whenas the felf-fame Orders having been eftablifhed in a Form more wary and fufpence , and to remain in force no longer then Cod (hould give the oportunity of fome general Conference $ the Genevians either never had obtruded this Discipline on the reft of the Churches, to their great difquiet 5 or left themfelves a fair liberty of giving oft, when they perceived what trouble they had thereby raifed to themfelves and others. 11. Now for the means by which this Difcipline was made acceptable to the many Churches which had no dependance on Geneva^ nor on Calvin neither 5 they were chiefly thefe, that is to fay , Firft, The great contentment which it gave the Com- mon people, to fee themfelves intrufted with the weightieft matters in Religion vand thereby an equality with, if not (by ieafon of their number, being two for one ) fuperiority above their XOc i)ifto:pof tl)c pjcsbytcnauc 1 ! their Mt'nifterf. Secondly, the- great Reputation whuii c had attained rjnroforhis diligence in Writing and Prca whereby hit OH came to be as authemick imongfl foi Divines, as ever the Popes Ipjc dixit WS9 it Geneva oneiy : of which we ihali (peak more particularly in the courle of this Miltory. Fourthly, the like endeavours u- fed byFi^.t, who not content ro recommend it a> convenient for theuleor the Church (higher then which Cm him did not go) impofed it is a matter neoeffary upon all the Churches) — lo necetTary, that it was utterly as unlawful to recede from this, Bl from the mult material Points of the Chriftian Faith : of whi im>re hereafter. Fifthly, the fclf-endsand ambition of particu- lar Mmiirers. ail Supremacy in their feveral Paiilhcs} that thetfifclvei might lord it over Gods Inheritance, under pre- tence of fetting Chrirt in his Throne. Upon which 'ground they did not onely prate againff. the Bifliops with malicious words fas Dicotrefb>s did againff. the ApofHes) but were relolved tocaft them out of the Church., neither receiving them amongfl tbcmf elver, nor fullering thofe that would have done it if they might. Sixthly, the covctoufnefs of fome great perfons , and Lay- Patrons j of which the one intended to raifc themfelves great Fortunes, by thefpoil of the Bifhopricks 5 and the other to return thofe Titles to their own proper ufe, to which they onely were to nominate fome defcrving perfon. For comparting Of which three laft ends, their followers drove on fofurioufly, that rather then their Difciplinefhould not be admitted, and the Epifcopal Government deitroyed in all the Churches , they are rcfolved to depofe Kings, ruine Kingdoms, and fubvett the Fundamental Conftitutions of all Civil States. la. Thus have we feen the Difcipline fetled at the Lift, r? feer 15^"- many ftruglings; but fetledooely by the forellalled judgement and determination of four neighbouring Churches, which neither then did entertain it, nor could be ever lince induced to receive the Came. And we have took a general view of thofe Artsand Pra- ctices by which 1: hath been pra, tiled and impofed Upon other Nations$as alfo of thofe grounds snd motives, on which it was fo erly purtueaby fame, andadvanccd by others. We muff now therefore ca ft our eyes back on that Form of Worfhr|J which was b] levifed at in ft for the Church of Oe #evd commend- ed afterwards to all other Churches, which Were not 6t the Lu- theran Mod J ; and finally received, if not impoled upon ir. arches which imb raced the Difcipline, Which Form of Wor- fhip, what i; was, may belt be gathered from the luminary or brief view thereof, which Eczt tendrethto the ufe of the / rcn.h a and Pair b Churches, then eftablHhed in the City of London -^ and is this that followetb. The publick Meetings of the Church to ^D** be held c ntly on the Lords * day$ to be alike obfervedi C a loth 1 2 XDe i?ifto# of ti)e 0?e0bptenan& both ia Towns and Villages j but fo, that in the greater Towns fome other day be fet apart, on which the Word is to be preach- ed* unto the people at convenient times : Which laft 1 take to be the grounds of thofe Week-day-Lectures, which afterwards were fet up in moft of the great Towns or Cities of this Realm of England '•> a Prayer toufher in the Sermon, and another af- ter it $ the frame of which two Prayers, both for Words and Matter, wholly left unto the building of the Preacher : but the whole action to be fanclified by the finging of Pfalms. ; At all fuch Prayers the people to kneel- reverently upon their knees. In the Adminiftration o^ Baptifm , a Declaration to be made in a certain:Form, not onely'of the promifes of the Grace of God , but alfo of the Myfteries of that holy Sacra. a Tcft hm feu mcnt'^ a Sureties or Witneffes to be required at the Baptising concuratorum, of Infants. The Lords Supper to be Miniftredon the Loj ds day, adv£do-ba- at theMorning-Sermon $ and that in fitting at the Table, ffor SIX no other .gcfture is allowed ol) the men fit firft* and the women after or below them: which though it might pafs w,di in che Gallic^ Churches, would hardly down without macr, chew- ing by the. Wives of England. The publication ot intended Mar- riages, (which we call the bidding of the Bains) to be made o- penly in the Church, and the faid Marriages to be folemnized with Exhortation and Prayer. No Holy-days at all allowed of 5 nothing directed in relation unto Chriftian Burials, or the vifiting of the Sick, or to the Thankfgiving of Women after Child- birth, all which were pretermitted , as either fuperftitious or imper- tinent Actions. 14. That naked Form of Worlhip which Calvin had devifed for the Church of Geneva^ not beautified with any of thofe out- ward Ornaments which make Religion eftimable in the fight of the people 5 and by thewhich5the mindes of men areraifed to a contemplation of theglorious Majefty which they come together to adore: All ancient Forms and Ceremonies which had been re- commended to the ufeofthe Church, even from the times of the Apoftles,»ejected totally, as contracting fome filth and rubbifh in the times of Popery, without being called to anfwer for them- felves , or defend their innocencie. And as for the habit of the Miniltry, whether Sacred or Civil, as there wasnocourfe taken by the Rules of their Difcipline, or by the Rubricks of the book of their publick Offices , fo did they by themfelves, and their EmifTaries, endeavour to difcountenance and difcredic all other Churches, in which diftinct Veftures were retained. Whence came thofe manifold quarrels againft Coaps and Sur- plices, as alfo againft the Caps, Gowns and Tippets of the lower Clergie, the Rochets and Chimeres of the Bilhops, wherewith for more then twenty years they exercifed the patience of the Church of England. But naked as it was, and utterly void of all outward Ornaments, this Form of Worfhip looked fo lovely in the eyes of Calvin^ that he endeavoured to obtrude it en all Churches ' < • Ch. Hatting Iirlt let led hiv ntrw I >if< ipli . | i Town Qi (U'rtCP.t, y3nno J54I, and ClU.ht lrr;mn A',<\ i in the ilancmg bn(uie(s,.ib.)Ut he thttttgl iol>r ol lucli thatnwiGbdrch wbi>t<> be icj id but by his Jul vice. Li uind or. Ic-lt-opiuion, he r an offer of himfelf I w^yi Cr.tnvnr* , heard of the Kctormation which was here intended •-, I>Lit Cr^/? w/t'rkncw tin Mid tetnte-d the oiler. YVhieh thou di ir v. enough to have kept him trom .venturing any further iq the b iinefs and aifairs OT Erf^lund 5 yet he rcfoved ro bc.oi < >unkl in all matters, whether called or n >t. And thereiorc liav. takenOrdcr with Afartni Luccr, onhis ilrlt coming into / » Uwd, to give him fome Account or the Knglilh Liturgies he h.i i fooner fatisfied hiinlclf in the light thereof, but Jie in ikes pi fently his tioflS .ind dcimus upon ic , which ahei v. .trdi became the Pole gniiinJ ot thole many troublo . dilorders aftd contuiions , wherewith his I a. rion nave invoh the Church of F'.cljnd, (tom chat time to this. i$. tor prt-icntty on the account which he received of the Lnglilh Liturgy, he writes back to bverr, whom lie re - quireth to be inftanc with the Lord Protestor, b that ill fuch ' z' "■■ Rites as favoured of fupeiftiiii ;i might be taken awav : n\d how far that might reach, we may eaiily gucls. Next he dilpatched a/' Jong Letter to the Protector hiuilelr", in wliich he m.ikcs many' exceptions agaiaft the Liturgie, as namely agamit Com- ration if the dead •> which he acknowicd.eth , not wit hitand • ing, tobe ancient } alfo againft Cbrifme^ox Oyl in Baprifm, and the Apoitolical Kite or e.xtreavt' Vad ion •■> though the hit rather permitted then required by the Ku'cs or tiut Boojt: which laid 3 lie withcth that all thefe Ceremonies ihouid abrogated c \ and that withal lie ihould go forward |0 re for to > the Church without fear or wit , without regard n >r l/« warranted bv the Wordjand in (be ma.-nging whercor(faith hel there is n. t any thing more diftajfteful in the eyes of God,ti. worldly Wildomj r either ?ixi moderating, cutting off , ing backward , but meetly as we aie directed by hu will re- vcaled. In the next place, he tou.heth on the Bo ,.-,. lies _ which very faintly he permits for a (leaf on onely, but not allows or ; and thcrcl . i the hint to manv ol whoe\ fince almofr have, deei ail rthem. Rur finding nothing !>edoneby the Lord Pi >r, hemes bis fortune with the ' King, and with the Lord- < >uncil,u:id i> I ,1 to ven- ture once again on A rc'ibiih«p Cr.tnt.icr. In his Letter to flu- King, he lets him know, that in the State of the Kingdom th w«i which required a prcfent Reformation : in that to themoft Reverend Crun'ritr, that in the $ervi< rtw Church 1 4 %\)t tyftm of ti)e f^e$bptetian& a /ty* no« Church there was remaining a whole Mafs of Popery, a which }edpropemo. feemed not onely to deface, but in a manner to deftroy Gods jumobruat publick Worfhip : and finally, in thofeto the Lords of the Coun- ^uiMmbei' Cl^9 tnat-^hey needed fome excitements to go forwards with the (uisum. Ep.ift. Work in hand, in reference to the Alteration (for that I take to be his aim) of the publick Liturgie. 16. But not content to tamper by his Letters with thofe Emi- nent Perfons , he had his Agents in the Court, the City, the II- verfities, the Country, and the Convocation 5 all of them pra- ftifing ira their diftind and proper Circuits, to bring the people to diflike that Form of Worfhip, which at the firfr. was looked on by them as an Heavenly Treafure , compofed by the efpeci- al aid of the Holy Ghoft. Their Actings of this kinde for bringing down the Communion-Table, decrying the Reverent ufc of Kneeling at the Participation, inveighing againft the fign of the Crofs,abolifhing all diftin&ion of daysand timesinto Fafts and Feftivals , with many others of that nature, I purpofely omit till I come to England. Let it fuffiee, that by the eager- nefs of their Pollicitations, more then for any thing which could be faulted in the book itfelf,it was brought under a review, and thereby altered to a further diftance then it had before from the Rituals of the Church of Rome, But though it had much lefs of Rome then before it had, (though nothing was meerly Romane3and not Primitive alfo)yet was it ftillasfar off from the 1554., Rules of Geneva, as it was at that time --, which gave a newAla- . rum to Calvin^ that he fhould take fo much pains, and trouble fo many of his Friends, to fo little purpofe : And long it (liall not be before he lets us know his refentment of it. The Englifh Protejiants being fcattered in the Reign of Queen Mary, be- take themfclves to divers places in'Germany-, at Geneva , and amongft the Switzers. In Germany fome of them procure a Church in the City of Frankfort j but they were fuch as had more minde to conform themfelves to Calvtns Models, then to the Liturgie of England : and fuch a deviation thereupon was made from the Rules of this Church , as looked little better then an open Schifm. The bufinefs bad enough before, but made much worfe,when /C»0x,that great Incendiary of Scotland^ took that charge upon him } when at his coming he found many not well pleafed with thofe alterations which had been made by others from the Church of England j which he refolved not to admit of, how much foever the continuance of it had been recommended by fuch Divines as had retired to Strasburgh, Zurich and elfewhere. To over-ballance whofe Authority, which he found much valued, he flees for fuccour unto Calvin, fends him a Summary or Abftrad of the Englilh Book (in the Latine Tongue) and earneftly defires his opinion of it 5 not doubting but all opponents would fubmit to his final feritence. What Calvtns judgement was in the prefent Point , and what fentencc he was like, to give* in the cafe before him , Knox could £ftc fl?itt his exp< rinn, as may appear by CWt>i»janfwer to that Letter) which in regard it was the ground oi all thofe troubles which afterward* were raited agaiult the Liturgy by the Puritan Fa&ion, I (ball here fubjn> n. 17. // is no f mall affliction to me, and in it felf no left in- convenience, that a contention Jhould be railed between bretl. ■ profejjing the j fame Eaitb, and living as banijhed men or exiles ; the J am* Religion'-, ej'pecially J 'or / ueh a Cauje, n hub in this time of your difper\um, ought to hive been the Fond of Peace to bin I yon the wore finally to one another : fom nb.it ought rather to be aimed at by yon in this xvoj uL omalit ion, then that being torne a- tray from the bowels of your native. Country , yon Jhould put your Jelves into a Church, irhtch m u in her bofom , con- joined together {like the Children of the fame Farent) both m hearts and tongues? But at this time in my opinion it is very Knfeajonable ■> that troubles foul I be raifed anion gji yon about Ceremonies and I arms of Prayer, ( as happens commonly amongji ikofe who live in rvantonnej s and tofe'j by means whereof ', -, have been hindred hitherto from growing tnto one body. 1 do nut blame the conjlancy of thoj'e men, who being unwillingly drawn into it, do carnejlly contend m an honeji Caufe '■> but rather th» Jlubbomnejs of tbojei which hitherto hathhindred the holy purpofe of forming and ejtablijhtng a Church amon: ft you. I or as l ;sjc to jhew my felf both flexible and facile in things indifferent, as all Kites and Ceremonies are j yet I cannot always think, it pro- fitable to comply with the fooltjb waywardnejsof fame few men, who arc refolved to remit nothing of their Ancient Cujioms. » I can-* rn Li not but obfervc many tolerable fooleries in the En el ill) Litnroy**0*!"*0'* r 1 1 1 r 1 1 ■ t, 11 as , V T"!tm mi- jucb as you have dej crtbert it to me. By which two words ( tool e hj i names of tolerable fooleries J / mean oncly this, that there if not u" fud) Fwityor Perfection, as was to be defied in it ^ whi l*bi,ei la* tmpcrfedions , notwithll anding, not being to be remedied at 1 firji,werc to be bornwith for .1 time, in regard thjt no mamafefi impiety was contained in tb:m. It was therefore fa- far la <; .. / to begin with fuch { 'y KnJimentf, that \ I, Grave and (Jcdly Ministers of Cbriji might b: thereby encow for proceeding farthr tttno, icb r?;i prove more pure and per fed . b jf true Religion had flout g SihaAcooi till this time in the Cburtb f England, // hid been ticcc j ary *■* ' that many things in that Boo'11 jhould have been omitted, and [ * thers altered to the better. But now th.tt all fuch Principle/ ar- out of force , and that you were to constitute a Church in ano-Ui c ' tbtr place, ana that you were at liberty to compoj e J ucb a b orm IVorfiip which might be ufefnl to th: churchy and more conduce H j:'c<- to 1 6 %fy ^iftcw of tijc tyiztititfztims. to Edification-) then the other did ? I know not what to thinks of a Quxfi!>i thofe a who are Jo much delighted in the dregs of Popery. But qu'^ficisPa- commonh mett l°ve thofe things beji, to which they have been mofi yiftica ranto- accujlomed. Which though in the fir ft place it may feem a vain pcredcle- ati(i chiidifb folly '? yet in the next place it may be confidered, that fuch a new Mcrdel is much different from an alteration. Howf'oever, as I would not have you too Jiijf and peremptory, if the infirmity of fome men fuffer them not to come up unto your owm deftest) fo I mttjl needs admonijh others , not to be too much pleafed with their wants and ignorances -> nor to retard the courfe and progefs of fo good a work, by their own perverfnefs '-, nor fi- nally, to be tranfported in the manner by furh a foolijh Emula- tion. For what other ground have they for this contention, but that they thinly it a dif grace to yeild unto better counfels # But fojfibly I may addrefs my words in vain to thofe , who per ad- venture may not afcribe fo much unto me , as to vouchfafe to hearken unto any advice which doth proceed from fuch a defpica- hie Author. If any of them fear that any ftnijler report will be raifed of them in England, as if they had forfakeri that Reli- gion for which they put themfelves into a voluntary exile'-, they are much deceived. For tbh ingenuous and fincere Profejjion will rather compel thofe godly men which are left behind , ferioujly to consider what a deep Abyfs they are fallen into$ whofe dange- rous eft ate will more grievoufly wound them, when they fh all fee that you have travailed beyond ths middle of that courfe, from which they have been fo unhappily retra&ed,or brought back.agam. Farewel my moil dear Brethren, the faithful fervants ofJeCos Chrtft } and be you Jtill under the governances, and prote&ion of the Lord your God. 18. This Letter bearing date on the fifteenth of the Calends of February , and fuperfcribed in general to theEnglifh which remained at Frankfort, carried fo great a ftroke with the Knoxiatt party, that there was no more talk of the Englifh Liturgie 5 the Order of Geneva being immediately entertained in the place thereof. And when the matter was fo handled by Dr. Cox, firfl: Tutor, and then Almoner to King Edward the Sixth, brought thither by the noife of fo great a Schifm, that the Liturgie of England was again reftored i, Knox was Co far from yeildingtothe Gravity and Authority of that Learned man, that he inveighed againft him in the Pulpit without fearor wit. But Cox not able to endure a baffle from fo mean a fellow, informs againft him to the Senate, touching fome pafTage.4 in one of his Seditious Pamphlets 5 in which it is affirmed, thdt Queen Miry ("whom elfewhere he calls by the odious name of Jefabel, and a Traytorefs to England) ought not to joyn her felf in Marriage with the Emperours Son, becaufe the Emperour himfelf main- tained Idolatry , and was a greater Enemy to Chrifl then ever was Nero, Knux hereupon departs by Moon-light, but howfoever quits Hi)c i>ilto:pof tljc |&?esbptttiatf$< quits the 1 oa h..ipi1 retires t>> Otmevs , I the Litui t the pre lent in a better conditio n then he had fouod it at I firft coming thither, but Cox cotifidcring Mfirh htnifeK howne- edlary Colviwt favour night be to him, faluteshim with .) civil Letter, fubferibed by him fell and fourteen others •■> all ol 1 being men of Note in their fever a I places : In which they a- cufea theinft r having let that Church in 01 itbout advice; not without lome rejoycing that thcvhidb: the create A part of thofe who withftood their doing to b the lame Opinion with them. Which how agreeable it was tn Cslviw, may be feen by his return to CSox and his adherents, CCoxo & GrcPitlibus f*H% as the Latine haih it) bearing date ')hhc 14. 155 10. In which Letter, having lirft craved pardon for nor wri« ting fooner , he- lets them know that lie lnd freely Signified to Dr. s.imfjon, (a very in man t>> be acquainted with his fecrei what lie conceived 01 the Difputes which wereraifed at 1 rsu fort $ as alfo that he had been certified by fome Friends of his who complained much of it, that they did fraud lo Strictly on the Englith Ceremonies, as thewed them to be too much weddVi to the fvitcs of their Country. And further certified, that he had heard fomevvhat of thofe f\eafons which they Hood on molt, for not receding any thing from the Form eftablifhcd -, but they were fuch as might receive an eafie Anlwer : tliat he- had wiit to thofe of the oppofite party, to carry themfelves with moderation in the prefent buiinefs, though nothing was therein remitted by Cox and his, and nowloever was now glad to ru that the difference was at Jaft compoled. He fpeaks a . set 1 ouc log then 'retaining of Cro£tt% Tufcrs^ and fuch other trills of j that nature, proceeding at the firft fromfuperitition; and thi upon infers, t rut they who lo earned ]y contended for them>whesi ■ it was in their choice not to do ir, did draw too ncci upon the dregs. He adds, that lie could fee no iveafon why they Ihould ,',J charge the Church with frivt U us and impertinent Ceremonies 3- ,-..• r;««. which he Should no way wronr* if he called them dangerous 5 when they were lett at liberty to compole an Order for them Pelves, in- re pureand Simple: that in his judgement it was done '*'»•«* With little Piety, and leU brotherly Love $ on .1ny clanui'ar in rmations do call Knox in queftion } (for lo I understood him huletterrV) and that they had doue better to have ft i> J at borne, then to have kindled the coals by Inch a piece of un- jufr cruelty in a Forrtign Country , by which others alfo were inflamed : and finally, that lie had written hov. Soever nntofome of the adverle party, of whole intent to leave that place be had been advertifed, that they mould continue where they were, I n< t violate the League of their Friendship by their fepara- rioiis? with other things to that effect. But notwithstanding this advice, many oftheSchilmatic.il party removed trom //•/>• fcrtt and put themfelves into Gtntv*\ the principal of which I) i s %\yz $tfto# of tije i0?e£ty>tertan& were Whittingham^Knox, Goodman, and he which afterwards was able to do more then all the reft, Mr. Francis Knollis, al- lyed by Marriage to the Caryes, defcended from a younger Sifter of Queen Anne Bullen, and confequently neer of Kin to Queen Elizabeth. Thefe men grew very great with Calvin, with whofe good leave they put themfelves into the form of a Congregation chofe Knox and Goodman for their Brethren, and in all points conformed themfelves to the tvules of that Church } which afterwards they laboured to promore in England, and actually did effect in. Scotland^ to the no fmall difturbance of ci«her Kingdom. By the perfwafion of thefe men, he is refolvedto try his Fortune once again on the Church of England, before the refetling of the Liturgie under Queen Elizabeth might render the defign impoflible, or at Jeaft unprofperous. To which end he addrefleth his defiresto the Queen herfel^at her firft coming tothe Crown. The like he doth to Mr. Secretary Ceciljjy his Let- tersbearing date the 17 of January i558,in which he makes men- tion of the others in both he fpursthem on to a rXeformation,com- plaining that they had not (hewed fucha forwardnefs in it, as all- good men expecl:ed5and that caufe required. But aboveall things Zftvigeathe de(ires,that a pure* and perfect Worfhipof God may be ful- yurui fy in- ly fetled, that the Church may bethroughly purged of its for- itgtrDei cul- irier filth, and that the Children of God in England might be left 'jil7~fo'd'bu's at liberty to ufe fuch purity in all Ac"te of publick Worfhip as — repurgeiHr, — to them Teemed beft. And what elfe could he aim at by thefe ^''d^i'uj' expreffions (comparing them with the Contents of his two 1-aft vos iibemm Letters) but that the former Liturgie mould be aboliflied , or /itnomen tins brought unto a neerer conformity to the Rules of Geneva $ or at juicinvnare. ^ jeaftjthat liberty might be left to the godly party, to ufe a- ny other Form of Worfhip which they though more pure '£ But finding no fuch good return to either Letter, as he had promifed 10 himfelf, he leaves the caufe to be purfued by fuch Englifh Zealots, as he had trained up at Geneva , or otherwife had fetled their abode amongft the Srvitzers, where all fet Forms of Worfhip were as much decryed, as they were with him. And that they might not flacken in the midft of their courfe, he re- commends the general Superintendents of the Church of Eng- land to the care of Beza , who after his deceafe fucceeded both in his place and power} of whofe pragmaticalnefs in pur- fuing this defign againft the Liturgie, condemning all eftablifh- ed Orders of this Church, his interpofing in behalf of fuchof his Followers as hadheen filenced, fufpended, or deprived for their inconformity, we fhall fpeakmore large at when we come to England. 20. There happened another quarrel in the Church of Eng- land, and he muft needs make hirhfelf a party in* it. Mr. John Hooper having well deferved by his pains in preaching and pub- liming fome Books, which very much conduced to the peace of the Church, is nominated by the King to the See of Glocefier. Willing £i)c filter of ti)c p;csln>revian$. Willing enough he was to accept the charge; bui I fo long at Zurich, . , in the R.eign of King Henry , was no diftin#ion of Apparel, either Sacred or Civil ret u fed to wear fuch FXobes at his Confecration. as by i of the Church were required of him. And by the R.ul the Church it was required, that for his ordinary Habh Ihould wear the tiocbet and Chimera , with a fquai his head , and not officiate at the Altar without his Co perform any Ordination without his Crolicr. Incouraged by bistefufal, many ol the intcriour Clergic take the like pti- on&againO Caps and Surplices^ as alio againft Gowns and 1 ip- pets, the dilhn'.t Habits of their Order. Upon this ground Archbifbop Cranmcr makes a ftop of his Confecration, and would not be perfwaded to difpute with him in that [arti- cular, though be much dcGred it. He had fa fined fomed oce upon Dndlej , then Earl of Warwick i and afterwa itcd Duke of Northumberland $ whodid not onely write his own Letters, but obtained the Kings, that without p reding him any further to conform himfelf to thofe IVi bes and Habii Bifhop fliould proceed immediately to his Confecration. I Crammer weighing the importance of that ill Example, held . his hand, till he had fatisficd the King, and fo cooled the 1 »rl, that Hooper was left unto himfelf) and ftili continuing in his contumacy, was committed Prifoner. The news being brouj to Calvin, he mu ft needs play the Bilhop in another m; . lo- cefi, or rather the Archbilhop in another mans Province. But hiving little hope of prevailing with Cranmcri who had I rejected his afiiftance in the rV.eformation,he totally applies him* fclf to the Duke ol Scmmerfet : And he writes to him to tl purp,>fe, That the PapiftS would grow every day more- infoient then ot her, unlcfs the differences about the Ceremonies were fir ft compofed. But then they were to becompofed in fuch a manner, as rather might encourage the diffentetrs in th< ir oppofition,th i end in the reduction of t hem to u due conformity, A nd to t i, he is unfeafonably inltant with him, to lend a helping hand to Hoopertzs the head or that Faftioft. By which edcouragem< it' not alio by his letting on, the like was clone by Peter Mart) and by John A\afc*\ the firft of which was mad 4 \.j and the other Preacher to the Dutch in Lou ■h iogaged in ftickl r the unconformable | Veltmentb of the< But they both '/aim ir /// diws w eing Imw little he \1 iu the l|rcb ol England^ more then the getting of the name ol ;on , a ipedler in fuch matters as concerned him no , gave over thealiairs thereof to the charge ot younger then himfelf, and of lefl d'uciction, might live m . foraegood fnccets or his Travails in it. And he iccot lingly i h red himfelf in this very quarrel, as if the fafety of t he Chu . ind the prefcrv.uion of Ivel; been brought in da i D -3 30 Xlje ©ifto^ of t!je ## Syrians, writing his Letters unto Grindal^ when Bifhop of London; not to inljft fo far on thofe matters of Ceremony , as to deprive any of his Miniftery upon that account. He alfo fignifies unto the Brethren his diilike of thofe Veftments, and thereby ftrengthned and confirmed them in their former obftinacy: And finally jleft no ftone unmoved, no kinde of practice unattempted, by which this Church might be ac laft neceflitated to a Reformation upon Calvins Principles , whole counfels he purfued to the very Jiift. 21, But as for Calvin, he had fome other game toflyat, and of greater nature, then to difpute the Jawfulnefs of Caps and Surplices, and other Veftments of the Clergie , or to content himfeif with altering the old Forms of Government and pub- lick Worfhip : The Doctrine was to be refined, and all Idola- try, removed , whether it were Civil or Spiritual. In point of Doctrine he came neereft unto that of Zuingliu*, as "well in re- ference to the Sacrament, as Predeftjnation $ but pitched upon the laft for the main concernment, which was to difference his own Followers from all other Chnftians. The (training of which ftring to fogreat a height, hath made.moredifcord in the harmony of the Church of Chrift, then any other whatfoever. For not content to go the way of the Ancient Fathers, or to rely upon the judgement of St.AuguJiine, Fulgentim, Pro/per, or any others which have moderated his exceffcs in it, he muft needs add fo much unto thofe extravagancies which he found in Zuingliuf) as brought him under a fufpition with fome fober men , for making God to be the Author of fin : For by his Doctrine God is made to lay on our Father Adam an abfolute and an unavoidable neceflity of falling into fin and mifery j that fo he might rhave opportunity to manifeft his Mercy in E- Iecting fome {ew of his Pofterity, and his Juftice in the reme- diless rejecting of all the reft. In which as he could finde no countenance from the Ancient Fathers, fo he pretendeth not to any ground for it in the Holy Scripture. For whereas fome objected in Gods behalf, De certis verbis non extare, that the Decree of Adams Fall, and confequently the involving of his whole Pofterity in fin and mifery, was no where extant in the Word } he makes no other anfwer to it, then a quafivero, As if (faith he) God had made and created Man the molt exact Piece of his Heavenly Workmanfhip, without determining of his End, either Heaven or Hell. And on this point he was fo refolutely bent, that nothing but an abfolute Decree for Adams Fall , fe- conded by the like for the involving of all his Race in the fame perdition, would either ferve his turn, or preferve his credit. If any man (hall dare to opine the contrary , as Cajiillo did, he muft be fure to be difgraced and cenfured by him, as Cajiillo was 5 and as all others fince have been, which prefurned to que- ftion that determination, for which himfeif can give us no better name than that of an Horrible Decree, as indeed it is ; acruel and Horrible 3ZUt i)\ftm? of tDr $#sbpttrtan& Horrible! ro pre-oi dain l\> m.i ny million .:j 1 consequently unto fin, thai he might d it: 2->. 1 bad not iron, | Co Jong upon this particular, but in gard of thofe confuGoni and diffractions which by his I lowers have been occa Honed intheChurch, by th to this Doctrine, and labouring to obtrude it upon all mens c fciefices. The Zuimgliam Goipellers, as Bifhop Hooper rightly calls them, began to (cartel their predeftinary Doctri Reign of King Bdrntrd, But they effected little in it, rill fu of our Divii had retired thcmfelvesjo Ed and amongfr the Smtzen , i r other wife had been brought up at the Feet of Ctlvin , encouraged by his Authority, and tenanced by his name, commended them to all the people of i Realm, for found Catbolick verities, lne like diligence \ alio ufed by his Difciples in all places elfe. By mean < it came to be i truth undoubted? and one of the moft neceflary Dodtrines of mans Salvation, in the Churches of his Platform: In which as his Doctrine in fome other points had hrfr prepared the way to bring in his Disci- pline) fo was it no hard matter tor the Difciplioe to fuppi thefc Doftrincs, and crufll all them that durlt oppufe them. Onely it was permitted unto Bczm and his Difciples to be (ome- what milder then the relr, in placing the Decree of Predc lion before the Kail : which Ciluin himfelf, thojigh in ft pnffages of ii is Writings lie may leem to look the Tame way al- io, hath placed more judicioufly in Maffa corrupt a ) in the cor- rupted mafs of mankinde,and the more moderate CtlvinUns as rightly prcfuppofe for a matter neceflary, before there coi any placefor i.Uclion or Reprobation oi particular Terfons being they concurred with the rc(t,as to the pcrlonal Elect i n or Reprobation of particular men j the rcftoring of the I our Saviours Coffer iogs to thofe few particulars, (whom on they had honoured with the glorious Name ot Gods Ele&) working on. them by the irrebuttable power of Grace in the . , nverfion, and bringing them infallibly by the continual .nice of the laid Grace unto life everlafting; there was hard- ly any notice taken of their Deviation 5 infomuch that iUj\ held in the condition of erring brethren, though 1 differed From them in main Foundation which they b upon i but ' pi fled undt r the qj ■ , it the Other did. '■ ines,thou| ;enot wh lly on the fcoreof Pre bytery , in regard that man) of our I 1 i lli Divines^ who abhorred that ( nmenr, appeared in I of the- lame; v< t I may truely father th. 1 1 Patrons ot tie fretbyteriMmt , by whom the] 1 ; expoied as their dcarelf darling; and no I . jerly contend i for, then the holy DifcipltnC. Another of Calvtns great d< .ins was to cry dawn 1 Civil Ido! which he conceived had been committed unto 22 %\)t l^ftojp of ttjc ^esbpttttan& Kings and Princes, in-making them Supreme and uncontrollable in their feveral Countries. For pulling down of whofe Autho- rity, even in Civil Matters, he attributes fuch power to fuch po- pular Officers as are by them appointed for the eafe of their Subjects , that by his Dodrrine they may call the Supreme Ma- gistrate to a ftricl: account , whenfoever they fhall chance to ex- ceed thofe bounds which they had prefcribed unto themfelves3 onely by which They may be circumfcribed by others : For ha- ving in the lad: Chapter of his Institutions, frrft publilhed in the year 1536 , exceeding handfomely laid down the Doctrine of Obedience, and the unlawfulnefs of refinance in what cafe foe- ver , he gives in the clofe fuch a qualification, as utterly over- throws his former Doctrine, and proved the fole ground of fuch Rebellions , Treafons and AlTaffinates as have disfigured the otherwife undented beauty of the Church of Chrift. Which paff.igts I fhali here lay down in the Authors words , with a trandation by their fide, that the Reader may perceive there is no wrong done him •-, and afterwards proceed to the difcovery of rhofe fad effects which have enfued upon them in too many places , wherein his Difcipline hath either been received or contended for. His Doctrine in which point is this that fol- io wet h 1 Inftimt M 4. 2 ^-NeqtJe eniwfi ultio Domini c.io.8.,31. eji *jfr£nat4, domination^ cor~ re&io ideo protinus demanda- turn nobis arbitremur, quibus nullum aliud quam parenai c^ patiendi datum eji mandatum. De pnvatis hominibus femper loquar. Nam ji qui nunc fint Populares Magiftratus ad mo- derandum Re gum libidinem conJiituti(quales olim erant qui Lacedemoniis Regibus oppojiti erant Ephori , aut Rotnanis Confttlibu* Tribuni Plebis, aut Athenienfium Senatui Demar- chi , & qua ctiam forte pote- Jiate, ut nunc res habent,/««- guntur in jtnguli Regnis , tres Ordines , cum primarios con- venttis peragunt } ) adeo illos ferociertti Regum licentia pro officio intercedere non veto, ut ji Pvegibus impotenter gyaf- fantibus, & humili plebccultc infultantibus conniverunt, eo- rum dijjimulationem nefaria 24. Nor may we think be- caufe the puniftimenr of Li- centious Princes belongs to Cod, that prefently this pow- er is devolved on us , to whom no other warrant hath been given by God, but one- ly to obey andfuffer. But ft ill J muft be underftood of pri- vate perfons : For if there be now any Popular Officers ordained to moderate the Ji- centioufnefs of Kings (fuch as were the Ephori fet up of old againft the Kings of Sparta, the tribunes of the people a- gainft the Roman Confuls,and the Demarchy againft the A» tbenian Senate , and with which power perhaps , as the worid goes , the three States are feiz'd in each feveral King- dom, when they are folemuly affembled}) fo far ami from hindring them to put reftraints upon the exorbitant power of Kins:? Xl)c \)\{toiv of tl)f pjcsbvtrnans. rrfaria perfidta non carere -if- Kings , .is their < H /cm, t\iin.itiun\t:i- rather to if a per ft - tores fu\uos norunt )j'rjnJnltTi- (lions tl iliimu Lit it>n , it rbcy ■ tcr produnt. connive at Kings when tl play the I yranti , or wanton- ly rnfult en the Common peo- ple, in that they rreacheroul betray the Subjects liberttc of which tbey knew they v. madeGuardiam by Coda own Ordinance. 25*. Which dangerous Doctrine being thus breathed and broached by Calvin h:\xh fince been both profefled and practif t by all his Followers, as either they had opportunity to declare rhemfelves, or ftrcngth enough to put the Lime in execution. Some ot whole words I Hull here .uld as a tafr to the relr, and then refer the reft to their proper places. And firft we will begin with b\z,a, who in his twenty fourth Lpifrlc, inferibed the Outlandifh Churches in England , cloth refolve it thus: //' a any man, faith be, contrary to the Laws and liberties of his « Siqo motive Country, Jhj// make himjelf a Lord or Supreme Mggi.x*V jirate over .tl/ the rell '■> or being live fully invefted with the Su- i''^ treme Mogiftroeie%Jbottld either unjujily fpoil or deprive bk Sub- »>i«g«»»fefc 1 oftboft Rights and rriviledges which he h.ith [worn to them [ to obj'ervei or othcrw/Je ofprejs them by open Tyranny } th.it tberi A am m a- the ordinary and injeriour officers are to oppojc thcmftlvCi r "':'''' gainjl them, who both by reajon of their feveral Offices , and \ Gods appointment, are bound in all fit ih c'ojes to protiCf the Sub- '/, not ouelj arainjt ForrtigB, but DomeJticl^Ty rants. WI.: is as much as could he poffibly contained in lb narrow a com- pafi : And if he were the Author (as (bine fay he was) of the Book called Ian did a- contra Tyrannos , publilhed under the name of Stephomw Brutus ••> there hath been no Kebellion raifed (l nee that book was written, or likcJy to be railed in the tin enfuing . which may nor noneftly be charged upon his a - count. But became the Author of this Bock is commonly r ported to lu- meerly Prett'ch^ind none ot the Centvian Doctors^ may poffibly hear more of him in that part of « t:r ibifr. which relatethto the Aftings of the Presbyterians fn.tBe ilea Tin Of ir.mie. W'liat wai t.. ifterwards in pursuance of C/l- vins Doftrines.by Hfttawam, and him that calls himlelf Em yhiladdfhoi amongft the French j by VrfLme and tsreus , 1.1 the Palatine Churches j by Buihinan and Knox inrongft the Soots, and by fume principal Disciplinarians amongll rhc Ertglifb, 1 : (hall hereafter fee in their proper pla( ! And v.-c llnll rh 1 alfo what was done in point ol praaice, firft by the 1 of the Houle of Bourbon, and afterwards bv fomC great I %$t D?!ftojt> of t\)t $# sbytcrian& of the Hugonot party againft Francis the Second, Charles the Ninth, Henry the Third , and Lewis the Thirteenth, Kings of France } by William Prince of Orange, and other of the Belgick^ Lords, in the final abdication of King Philip the Second }' by the Hungarians and Bohemians, in their revoking from the Princes of the Houfe of Auflria'->by the Rebellious Scots,\n depofing, impri- soning, and expelling of theif rightful Queen, a^id finally, by the Genevian Faction in the Realm of England, in their im- broyhnentsof the Nation under Queen Elizabeth , and that ca- lamitous War (but more calamitous in the ill'ue and conclusion of it) againft Charles the Firft. All which are built upon no other ground then this Doctrine of Calvin, accommodated and applyed to their ieveral purpofes, as appears plainly by the An- swer of the Scots to Queen Elizabeth, who juftiried ihe depo- fing of their natural and lawful Qaeen, on thofe words of Cal- vin, which they relyed on for the fole ground of that horrible Treafon, and their Indemnity therein ■> of which more here- after. 26. In the mean time I (hall content my felfwith the follow- ing paCTagejfaithfully gathered out of the Common Places of IV il- l/am Bucan , Divinity-Reader in the fmall Univerfity of Law- J anna, lcituate on the Lake Lemane^ in the Canton of Berne , and confequently a neer Neighbour to the Town of Geneva 5 who treating in his forty one Chapter of the Duty of Magiftrares, propounds this queftion toward theclofe, viz. What a goodchri- Jiian ought to do if by a cruel Prince he be dijlrejfed by fome grie- vous and open injury ? To which he thus returns his Anfwer: That though Princes and Subjeffs have relation unto one another 5 yet Subjects in ihe courfe of nature were before their Princes -» and therefore that fuch Princes (if they ufurp not a plain Tyran- ny in their fever al Kingdoms ) are not Superiour to the refl by nature, in the right of Father hood, but are fetled by the fuffrages and confent of the people, on fuch conditions as originally were agreed between them '■> and that it follows thereupon, (according unto Buchanans Do&rine) that Subjetfs are not bom for the good of their Kings, but that all Kings were made to ferve for the good of the people : that it is lawful to defend Religion by force of Arms-) not onely again]} the ajjaults of fitch For reign Nations as have no jurifdittion over us , but alfo againft any part of the fame Common-wealth (the common confent of the Ejlates being firfi obtained) which doth indeavour to fubvert it ; that no vio- lence is to be offered to the per f on of ihe Supreme Magistrate^ though he play the "Tyrant, by any private man whatfoever, ex- cept he be warranted thereunto by fome extraordinary and exprefs command from the Lord him f elf '-, but the opprejfion rather to be born with patience, then that God fiouldbe offended by fuch raft) attempts .• that the Protection of the Supreme Magi fir ate was to be required again fi theunjufl opprejfions of inferiour officers : and that in a free Common wealth the Supreme Magi fir ate h rather to bt £t)c Diftozpof ti)c 0;rsbptcrian0. be I in M cour/'e.of LaWt then Sy \ AW fully ta'-- up Arias in tit Children, if the Chief Magifi them, >ns .xnd other brute Creatures fight to . young ones --> this lad exemplified by tli.it of Trajan Sword to the Captain of his Guard, with thefe folh Hoc en] ' e pro we jujla fatitnte , in :> r;r i me u- taris '■> that \^ to lay, T har he Ihould ufe the Sword in defence of himfelf, and for the protection or all th< fe w in regard of his Office were fubjeftto him: tbattbe tvcll done by the Switzers to jrce tbemfelves of their \ the Ho life of Aulhi.i , when the Princes of the He* J cifed More then ordinary cruelty m molt parts of the Country 5 th.it David might lawfully have filled Saul, Oteaufe be Wife to another vun , expelled ln»s from his- native Country , vturdertd theVneJis for doing j ome good Offices to himy and pur- futd him from one place to another with his fijing Army 5 that he did forbear to doit, leji he fould give an Example to the people of Ifrael of lulling their Kings, which olbei prompted by ambition might be lik\e enough to imitate. 27. Such is the Commentary of Bnebanm upon Calvins T by which all Chriftian Kings are nude accountable even in < vil Matters to the three Eftates, or any other ordinary Officei of their own appointing. Which Doctrines being once bj him delivered, and inforced by others, what clfe could follow upon, but lirft an undervaluing of their tranfeendent Auth rity, afterwards a contempt of their perfons 5 and finally, a viling of them with reproachful Language? From hence it was that Calvin calls ^ Mary (^jillii ot England by the n ; Troferpine, alluring r.s that all the Devils in Hell were not I io mischievous ; and that Knox could not findeforher 1 1 ter titles jhen that of Jezabcl, mifchtevous M*ry of the Spani ards blood, the profclled enemy of God. From hence it \. that teza calls Mar) Queen of £r0/i,bythe names ( I jtthtlixh j of which the one was no left infamous in the Sacr< then the other \ras in the Heathen ftory ^ that the Englifh run- tans compared Queen Elizabeth to an idle Hut, who fwept the middle of the room, but lett all the duft and tilth thereof hind the doors; that Didotlavim calls King James fc the greateft and moft deadly enemy of the holy Gofpel 5 and pi affirms* ofall King! oeral, that they are natural!) e- t . mies to the Kingdom of Chrift. And finally, from htnee ii was that the fed it ious Author of the bale and unworthy Dia- logue, cntituled Vttfebius vhiladelpbus, hath To be (pattered tl 1 threat Princes of the*Houfeof Fromce, that he hath mad 1 the moft ugly Monffersin their lufts and crnelt y, which ei produced 3 and could devife no fitter names for QycenMary of Scotland, then thol'e of Medea, Clytemnefira, Ttoftrpin It of monflrnm Exitijlc in the clofc ofall : And 1 E i6 %l)t $ifto# of ttje $?esbptetian& moft mighty Monarch of Great Britain,was handled by his Sub- jects of this Fa&ion with no lefs fcurrility, then if he had been raifed on high for no other purpole then to be made the mark, againft which they were to (hoot their Arrows, even moft bitter words, the object of all falfe tongues, and calumnious Pens. Thus do they deal with Kings and Princes, as Pilate in the Oo- fpel did with Chrift our Saviour, adorned them in their Royal Robes, with their Crowns and Scepters,and then expofedthem to the fcorn of the common Souldiers, the infolencies and re- proaches of the raskal Rabble. 28. Nor do they deal much better with them, in reference to their power in Spiritual Matters , which they make either none at all, or fuch as is fubfervient onely to the ufe of the Church. Calvin firft leads the way in this, as he did in the other, and Teems exceedingly difpleafed with King Henry the Eighth, for taking to him the title of Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England. Of this he makes complaint in his Commentary on a u"e£jmiiiM tne 7 °^ Amoi'-i n°t onely telling us « what inconfiderate mea t,iconfidr good Gemevitm Do trine by ourEnglilh Ynrttttts , Tbtt if Primcts kinder them th it trav/iil imtkt furch of this holy Difcipline , r^<7 <*/•<• tyrants t Church and the Afimjiers of it i, and bcrn^fa, m i] be >it by their Jubjciis. Which though it be fomewbat more then c d- vin taught as to that particular, yet the conclusion follows well enough on fuch faulty Pres»f/e/$which makes it feem thegreater wonder in our Englifb Fur/tans^ that loliowing him fo clofely in purfuit of the Dilcij line , their difafFedion unto Kings and all Soveraign Princes, their manifeft contempt of all publick Liturgies, and pertinacioufly adhering to his Doctrine or 1-re- deftination } they mould fo visibly dilient him in the point the Sabbath. For whereas fome began to teach about tlu times * that the keeping he ly of one day in (even, was to Ik-, v. ,,/,„ reckoned tor the Moral part of the fourth Comma ndmeAt 5 he could not Jet it pals without fome reproof : for what, faith he. , can be intended by thole men, but in defiance of the u . change the day, and then to add a greater Sanclity unto it then ""; ! thejewfever did? Firfr. therefore, he declares lor his own O- pinion, that he made no fuch reckoning of a fevetoth*day- Sab- bath, * as to inthral the Church to a necellity of conforming to h Nnumm it : And fecondly, that he efteemed no otherwife of the Lords- JJJ ' day-Sabbath, then of an EccleliafticalConfritution, <•" appointed 1 by our Anccftors in the place of the Jewilh Sabbath, ami there f< re alterable from one day to another at the Churches plea lure: Vj^!*'. Followed therein by all the Churches of his party, who theie- test* upon permit all lawful Recreations, and many works of mal- lary labour on the day it felf, provided that rne peo] le be not thereby hindred from giving their attendance in the Church the times appointed. Inlomuch, that in Geneva it fdf oil manl exercifes,as running, vaulting, leaping, mooting. and many 01 h . ol that nature, are as indiiierently indulged on the Lords day, as on any other. How far the Englith runtsm departed from their Mother-Church, both in Doctrine and Practice ( with re- ference to this particular) we fhall lee hcie. her , when they could finde no other way to advance Freibyt^ry^n J to decr\ tl Reputation of the ancient Feftivals, then by crcftmg their a Sabbath in the hearts of the people. E 3 28 %\yz i^ifto^ of tlje $;tesbpterian& Ve irjnsfe- g0. It is reportred by John Barkjey, in his Book called Par:- U dnml nel(s "d Scoios, that Calvin once held a Confulration at Gene fiiiaie nh and afterwards by commending it to all the Churches of the Re- formation. In reference to the firft, he lets us know in his Epi- « H-.n poffe ftle to F arellus , Sepiemb. 16. 1543. * that the Church could VMUm'JSi' not otnerw^e fubfift, then under fuch a Form of Government, c.num'Regi- as is prefer ibedin the Word^ and obferved in old times by the min ffi""' Church. And in relation to the other, he was refolved to 'ixverbVoei make his beft ufe of that Authority, which by his Commenta- robn frejerf- ries on the Scriptures, his Book of injiitutions, and fome occa- ?X*ftS." fional Difcourfesagainft the'Papifts , he had acquired in allthe veteri cede- _«-> 1 *-» t_ i -t r ti r> jia fuiiobfer-Proteiiant and rerormedCnurcnes. Inlomuch,that Gaffer Lige- wiK^Ejiift. rJ0^ a £)jvine of Witteberge, by his Letters bearing date Feb.ij. 1554, acknowledged the great benefit which he had received by his Writings, acquaints him with the peaceable eftate of the b Excsmnu- Church of Saxonies but figniftes withal, & that Excommunication. nuaaonema- . s nof yifed amongft them : whereunto Calvin makes this An- nuLUmtQu. fwer, That he was glad to hear that the Church of Saxony c sedmnfi- continued in that condition , but forry c that it was not Co j**' «»/»"#<" ftrengthned by the Nerves of Difcipline, as might preferve the »tf'nf£>»f,fame inviolated to the times to come. He adds, that there docendam eA could beno better way of correcting vice, then by the joynt con- *c:, fent of all thePaftors of one City; d and that he never thought utiirputavi it meet, that the power 01 Lxcommunicating inould relide in , jwExc«mw»-the paftors onely, (that is to fay, not in conjunction with their ^ufyw'lH Elders?) which laft he builds on thefe three Reafons: Firft, in fajlmbm : regard it is an odious and ungrateful Office 5 next,becaufe fuch »4m&- m^afole and abfolute power might eafily degenerate into tyranny 3 diof a fff, &C. ,♦/-.,. , r 1 a rti i 1 i t_ .Jr . J. ' AiiimufHn and finally, becaufe the Apoftles had taught otherwile in it. jpofau tra- gy which we fee,that as he builds his Difcipline on the Word of didernnt. Gocj ^ or at tne jeaft on Apoftolical tradition, which comes clofe unto it '•> fo he adventureth to commend it to the Lutheran Churches, in which his Reputation was not half fo great, asa- jnongft thofe which had embraced the Zuinglitn Doctrines. 31. Butinthe Luinglian Churches he was grown more abfo- lute 3 his Writing* being fo highly valued , and his perfon fo e- fteemed of in regard of his Writings, that moftof the Divines thereof depended wholly upon his judgement , and were wil- ling to fubmit to any thing of his ,Prefcription. The Church, of Strasbourg})^ where he had remained in the time of his exile, received his Difcipline with the firft, as foon as it was finally e- ftablifhed Xf)c i)i(l02p of tDc f#tf$tytcrtan& frabliflicd in ■ i it felf. For it appcartrth by the Letter which Caj'per oberianin lent to c .*/•■;/*, bearing date April u, 1563. * that the Ela'erfhip wai then well fcrled in that Chur ■ and the Elders of u in 1 tull poflcHion of their power, the! exercile whereof they are dciired to lulpend in one particular, jfoi, /•.. which it ftiere offerea to his view. Thi^ Gtfper Hal chief Mi- niftcr of the Church of 'fryers, fo p.iliionately affected to the name ol -'.Calvin, that he accounted ir for one of his greateff. ho >-rJ' nours to be * called a C Avmnn -Preacher. Acquainting bim! with the condition of the Church of Tryers, he tells him anion ''t b D other things, that he found the people very willing to lubmit t 1 Difctpline) and thereupon intreats him for a Co[>y ofthofeLa* and Orders c winch were obferved in the C nfiltory of Geneva,1- ' to the end he might communicate them to fuch of the Sena- tors as lie knew to be zealouuy affected. Calvin, who was apt enough to hearken to his own defircs, fends him a large draught" ■- of the whole Platform, as well relating to the choice of the Members, either Lay or Ministers , as to the power and juris- diction which they wereto exercile, with all the penalties and par- ticularities (with reference unto crimes and perfons) which de- pended on it. And having given hiiri that account , he thus clolethwith him: This fummary (f^ich he) I had thought fujfi '- cicnt,by which, or out of which J, you may eajtly frame to y our J elf d ttqwtfm* fuch a form of Government's I have no reafon to prefcribe. To mdrn jlli'J'a jou it appertains modejtly to Juggejt thoje ctunjels , which you nam ; conceive to be moji profitable for the ufe of the Church, th.it god- bt,f * »■ ly and difcrett men, who ftldom take it ill to be well advif\\l, mjy thereupon conftder whit is beji be to done. Which words of his, though very cauteloufly couched, were fo well understood by Oberianus , that the Difcipline was lirft admitted in that Church, and afterwards propagated into thole of the Neigh- bouring Provinces. 32. lie hath another wav of fcrewing himfelf into the good opinion of fucli Kings and Princes as he conceived to be incli- nable to the Reformation j fometimes congratulating with them for their good fuccefs; fometimes encouraging them to proceed in fo good a work} of which fort were his Letters to King rd- wird the Sixth, to Queen Elizabeth, and Mr. Secretary Cecil % to the Prince Elector Palatine , Uuke of Wininburgh , Ljuc- grave of Hcffe. But he beftirrcd himfelf in no place more, then he did in Poland j which though he never vilited in prion, yet he was frequent in it by his Lines and Agenrs. 1 in- gujiane Conftflion had been brought thither fome years before) of which he took but little notice. But he had heard n > fooner that the Doctrines of Zumyjius beganto get (ome ground upon them, under the Reign of StgiJmuncL, lirnamed Augujtus, when prcfently he pofts his Letters to the King, and molt 01 t he- great Officers which were thought to encline that way. A- n.ongfr. which, he directs his Letters to Prince HadzcviUe, 0 01 30 %ty i^ittojp of tl)e $?estytetian& of the Chief Palatines, and Earl Marfhals Spirtetus Cafielan of Suvderzee, and Lord high- Treafurer $ to John Count of Tar* naco-i Cafielan of Craco , and Lord General of his Majeflies Ar- mies : betides many other Cafielansi and perfons of great pow- er in the Affairs of that Kingdom. In his firft Letters to that King, dated the fourth of December 1554, he feems to congratu- late with him for imbracing the Reformed Religion, (though in that point he was fomewhat out in his intelligence,) and there- upon exhorts him to be earned in the propagating of the Faith and Gofpel, which in himfelf hehadimpreft $ and that he would proceed to reform the Church from the dregs of Popery, with- out regard to any of thofe dangers and inconveniences which might follow on it. But in his next addrefs (1555) he cornea ■ Qjmi no-upmoreclofe, fpeaks *ofere&ing a tribunal or throne to Chriji $ /nSadRli!-fenm8 up fuch a perfect Form of the true Religion, as came gto, per quam neerett to the Ordinance of Chrift. And we know well, that in ■ it was not fafe to alter veSiml qndzny thing in the State of the Kingdom, and that all innovati- on* now* ons feemed to threaten fome great danger to it 5 which caute« &aVexit7al™' loufnefs in that great perfon, could not relate to any alteration miuatactur. in the State of Religion, in which an alteration had been made for fome years before $ and therefore muft refer to fome Form of Difcipline which Calvin had commended to him for theufe of thofe Churches. And no man can conceive that he would recommend unto them any other Form then that which he devifed for the Church of Geneva. 52. But Calvin did not deal by Letters onely in the prefent bufinefs, but had his Agents in that Kingdom , who bufily im- ployed themfelves to advance his projects. Amongft whom, none more practical, or pragmatical rather, then John Alafco^ of a Noble Family in that Country, but a profefTed Calvinian, both for Doctrine and Difcipiine^ for the promoting whereof, when he had fetled himfelf and his Church in London , Anno 1550, he publiftieth a Pamphlet in defence of fitting at th again fat Calvin, viry of tliis man, the diligence of Z)tt*p*ri*i tan6 t be com pi i to< ' of fame great perfoni upon Politick ends; the Eldctfbip i. ad- vanced in many places of that Kingdom, at appears by the Let- ters oY the Paid Vtemhorimjacaxing due Jut. 2- . 1 *, >-, ■ In v, hi. h he fignifies unto him,that the moft illttitrtous Prince,^ he /' ilatine of liltta in I itha.tnii , being COmC to the AllVi;..)!v of the States which was held -it tetrico^ rcfoJtcd not to depart from thence before fame Convention of the Brethren fhould be held there alfo) to which * as well the riders which h ftnefsi - brought thither with him, as thofe lie found there ai his co n iog, lhould confult together for the eftablifhing pf a grcatei , purity in Kites and Ceremonies to be u fed amongft them. For which adniiflion of the Discipline into Lithuania . Calvin ex-* preiTeth no fmall joy in his Letters to a nainelcls Friend in t: Country, bearing dare o&ob.fj, i$6i* In which he lets him know how much he did congratuiatethchappinefspf the Realm of Toland, and more particularly or the Province of Lithuania , that the Reformed Religion made fo great a progrefs in thole Countries, by which addition Chrilts Kingdom had been much enlarged \ that his joy was very much incrcafed, '° by bearing bCvm 4 that together with the lame Religion they received the Di. ;t>n-im plinc} that ir was not without very good caule, th.it he ufed; to call the Difcipline the Nerves of the Cburcb/ui regardof the ">">•"•{'• great ftrcngth which it added to it. By which la (t words we may perceive what kinde of Church Government it was which he commended to Ligerit* before remembred , under rhia very title of the \cruet of Difcipline t by uhich Religion Was to be prelerved inviolable for the times to come. 33. In the AfTembly at retrico, before remembred, the ?a\* lattnei, and other great men of the Kingdom, obtained a Privi- ledge, c whereby it w.is made lawful for them to reform ail the c V' '"'■ Churches under their Command, & to reform them in fuch manner as to them Teemed beft. It w as then alfb moved by the Count ol •T.irnjco. th.it the Bifhops lhould no longer hold their plat fuffragc in the AfTemblyof £ftates,but keep themfelves 1 n '•. to fuchmattersas concerned the Church : which though it did not rakeeffelr, yet the attempt appeared fo dreadful in the eye of J'"; • ' thofe Prelates then prefent, that they became more tra fable and obfequious to the great State-Officers, then they had be< 1 formerly. And what could follow hereupon, but that the grc.u men being kit to c themfelves in their own Religion) and the Bifhops not daring to oppofc ■> nor onely Zuin n and the Difciplime , but many other Seds and Innovations mould get ground upon them t In reference to the Difcipline, as it u as fitted and accommodated to whole Realm-, and N.i- lions, they had nor onely their Presbyteries, as in I ;, ftra «rg, and fome other Cities $ but their CUjjical and Sj .7 Meetings, as in France and Scotland $ wherein they took upon them 3 2 %$t ^itiiw of tfte $jc sbptetian0> them to make Laws and Ordinances for the directing of their Churches after Calvins Model. For in the Synod held at Tzcnger, in the year 1564 , it was Decreed that they (hould ufe no other Mufick in their Churches , then the finging of Pfalms (after the manner of Geneva, underftand it fo) condemning that which was then ufed in the Church of Rome , partly becaufe the Pfalms and Hymns were fung in the Latine Tongue, and partly becaufe the Priefts did bellow in them (as they pleafed to phrafe it ) like the Priefts of Baal. Con- cerning which we are to know, that the device of turning Da- vids Pfalms into Rhyme and Meter , was firft taken up by Cle- ment Marrot, one of the Grooms of the Bed-chamber to King Francis the Firft} who being much addidted to Poetry, and having fome acquaintance with thofe which were thought to wifti well to the Reformation , was perfwaded by the learned Vatabhts (Profeflor of the Hebrew Tongue in the Univerfity of raris) to exercife his Poetical Fancies in tranflating fome of Davids Pfalms. For whofe fatisfaction and his own, he tran- flated the firft fifty of them into Gallic^ Meters $ and after flee- ing to Geneva, grew acquainted with Beza, who in fome tract of time tranflated the other hundred alfo 9 andcaufed them to be fitted unto feveral Tunes : Which thereupon began to be fung in private Houfes, and by degrees to be taken up in all the Churches of the French and other Nations which followed the Genevian Platform. For firft , in imitation of this Work of Mar-rot's, SternhoXd, a Groom of the Privy-Chamber to King Edward the Sixth, tranflated thirty feven of them into Englifh Meerer, Anno 1552, the reft made up by John Hopkins and fome others, in the time of Queen Mary } but moft efpecially by fuch as had retired unto Geneva in thofe very times. Fol- lowed therein by fome Dutch Zealots , who having modelled their Reformation by the Rules of Calvin, were willing to im- brace this Novelty amongft the reft. So as in little tra& of time,the finging of thefe Pfalms in Meter became a moft efpeci- al part of their publick Worfhip , and was efteemed as ne-. ceflary to the Service of God, as were the acts of Prayer and Preaching, and whatfoever elfe was efteemed moft Sacred. In the next place, to take away all difference in Apparel, whether Sacred or Civil, and all diftinclion in the choice of Meats and h Stultumfy Drinks 5 he accounted it * a ridiculous and ungodly thing for vidicuhmejl thofe which are the Heirs of all things , (with dominion o- wi«i^ww).vera^ the Creatures) to fuffer themfelves to be reftrained by umcreatura* any fuperftitious ufe of Meats, Drinks, or Veftments. The «Mjc.cap. Temples built unto their hands, they were contented to make - ufe of for their publick Meetings, being firft purged of Idols, Altars, the Bellowings beforementioned , and other the like dregs of Popery -, though formerly they had been abufed (who fees not a Calvinian fpirit walking in all thefe lines?) by the Priefts of "daql. They feem content alfo to allow their Mini- fters 3CDc ijiftoip of ti)e i&esbptctians. iters Meat, Drink and wages i condemning thofc w ihem fucha forr\ pittance. But ai tur I ithcs, and CI ind Parfonagc-Houtes , they kept tbetn wholly t<> theml .. thai being the Fifli they ai fot in thofc t ronblcd waters, an 1 the chief bait that tempted them to fwa'llow dov* n thofc altera tions ifl Religion , which afterwards made them a reproach and a by-word to the rc(r of Chriftendom. 54.I havefomc reafonto believe, that fitting at the fords '1 able came fi r ft in with Cslvwifm, as being mod agi r to 1 Rules of the Difcipline and the Dodrioe of the ZuingliaM Church. But afterwards, upon conGderation of the fcaada] which was given thereby, as well to the Luther. ins a the Pipifl j a it was thought tit to change that pofture int > ftandin kneelinz \ and then to charge the introduction of thai i.i . y \ cuitom on the Arr.un Heret'uk»,u ho looking on Chrifr nool wile then their elder Brother, thought it no robbeiy Jt all t 1 equal with him,* and lir down with him at his 1 able. Aii 1 , it was well for them, though it happened very ill for the peace ol Chriltcndom. that they could Imde Co lair a PI after tor lb foul a loar. r or lo tt was, that both the Merelies ot ^rr////, tne l.i, pie }.., . ties of Serve tut) the extravagancies of the Anabjptijis, and rli exploded errors of the Ssmofateteiansy who from the la ft revival jy„ ,7 ., , of them aie DOW called 5or/»M»;3 grew up together in thbaifli. Kingdom with the Do&rioe of Calvin , and might receive io\\\^ good encouragement from the Rules of his Difcipline , by which that 11 venly gefrure or pofture of fitting was impofed ncccflaty. IV.>r w.b the Difcipline of force fufficicut ton thofc Heretic | OUgfa Calvin thought it fuch a great pre- servative of the true Iveligi Ul, and that it was eonlirmed ar the S) nod of l mitr 157c . c as grounded on the Word of Cod, c and warranted both by Chrifts command, and the example of n >• Apoftles } which gives the Fretbjterian Difcipline more Divine ~y ft ' Inftitut ion, then Calvin el ti r ft a fcribe unto it, or any of our S r>- < irians could ever finde for their Lords-day-Sabbath. So: "" difference there was in the choice of their Elders,bet ween the feN Polilli Churches, and the reft of that Platform , the Govci mencofthe relt, being meerly popular^ but 1 reraini fomewhat in them or an Ariftocracy. For betides the fevt Trcsbytcrict of particular Churches, they have a more general fuperintendencic in every Diocefs, or any other large Diltri of what naue focver. For managing whereof. I [ | principal Minifters arechofenby confent of their Synods, whom they call by the name of Spiritual SMperimtemdem$s9 each of ten being aflocia-.ed with two or three Elders or the Lay-Nobility , and tor the moft part, of the rank or degree of Knights. | means whereof, they keep the ordinary Presbyteries a,nd Pa ro chial Stllions within the bounds appointed for them, not fuffcr- ing them to intrench upon the priviiedges of Prince or people, they have done in other places, where they want this curb. F . Lc.iv. 34 %$t ^iftojp of t\)t $it$\>yttt\an& 36. Leaving the Polifh Churches under this eftablifhment, we muft follow Calvin into Scotland , where he inployed John Knox as his Vicar-General. He knew the fpirit of the man by his Factious Writings, his actings in the Schifm at Fr ^k.fort> and the long conversation which he had w?th him in Geneva ic felf 5 and having given him a Commiffionto reimp to Scotland, inffru&ed and incouraged him in his following c^uries. And iC»;ig of Image>, the deftroying of Altars, demolishing of Monafteries and Reli- gious Houfes, and making havock of all things which formerly 1 Evangelim were accounted Sacred. This C a Ivin calls « the propagation $feevt%™ of the Gofpel, and by his Letters doth congratulate with him for progrejut /*• his good fuccefs : So that if Tullj/'s Rule 6e true 5 and that cere vehemen- there be little or no difference between the advifing of mifchief, /aro*!' ano< tne rejoycing at it when the deed is done*?; Calvin muft b Nihil /'nfe'De as guilty of thofe fpoils and Sacrileges, as even Knex him- reft otium fejf. And that he might proceed as he had begun, he lays this Vgau7eamr,f1" ^-u^e befoie him for his future carriage j that is to fay, that the Hum. ciccr* Church was to be cleared from all that filth which had ilTued out »nPhil2. 0f errour and fuperftition h ° and that theMyfteries of God f%jto"Jff.*were uot to De defiled with idle and impertinent mixtures. get Mr, q»* Under which general Rule, and fuch a general Rule as hath no exerrtefy exceptions, there was no Ceremony ufed in the Church of m*n*r"n™& Rowe » though Primitive and Apoftolical in it felf, which was tie fxdentur not prefently to be difcharged as impure or idle, or otherwife Dei My Hen* abominated, asfomepartof the filths of Popery. And becaufe ludtcru & Hi- n 1 1 fi r » - i_ • r 1 infipidismix-zW things mult be done to the honour 01 Calvin, he is coniult- turis, caiv. ed with in all fuch doubts and emergent difficulties, as could not pri?£j.itfi De Efficiently determined by a lefs Authority. It is reported in the Hiftory writ by Venerable Bede , that when Augnfiine the Monk was fent into England by Pope Gregory to convert the Saxons, he met with many difficult and intricate cafes, which he was not able to refolve. In which refpecl: he fent them all in writing to the Pope himfelf, requiring his judge- ment in the fame, that he might have the better ground to proceed upon 5 either in ordering of fuch matters which con- cerned the Church, or determining finally fuch cafes as were brought before him. Knox looks on Calvin with as great a Re- verence, as Auguftine did upon the Pope 5 accounts him for the Supreme Paftor of the Reformation, and therefore fends his doubts unto him concerning the Baptizing of Baftards, as alfoof the Children of Idolaters, and Excommunicate perfons. He makes another Queriealfo , but fuch as feemed to be rather a matter of Concupifcence, then a cafe of Confcience j Whether the Monks and Parifh-Priefts which remained in Scotland, were to receive their Tythes and Rents as in former times , con- fidering that they did no fervice in the Church of Chrift. To which ialt Query, he returned fuch anfwer (for in the other he was HUr uiBoipof ttjc $tcsbptttifflis. Orthodox and found enough) as fcrved ro (trip il and Pricfts of all their livelihood \ it bi ing clearly his opinion, it that they ought not to be fed and cloarhed at the > charge* in 1 they lived inidlenefs, and did nothia but that they rather were to get their livings by thi their brow, uid by the labour <>f their hands. which resolution, no man is fureof Ids Eftate, but may !>•• ftripi of it as nn idle boy, or an unprofitable fcrvant, when theB thrcn pleafc. g ■. But Ctlviws thoughts were not confined to rim I or t I Scotland oneky : He now pretends to a more general or ftolical care over all the Churches , fending abroa i his Milfi like the Decretals of foqae former Popes ■-, which bein » made in reference to thole emergent difficulties which were brought b lore them, ferved afterwards for a (landing EVule ton • late the like cafes for the times to com ■. It would be thought .1 matter of im pertinency, or curioficy at the beft, to touch up >n all particulars of this nature, in which he figoified Ids g iod plealure to the reft of the Churches. The deader may I fie himfelf out of his Epiftlcs , if lie hath any lift or leifure . to coufult the fa me 3 or otherwife may make a judgement of them by this f ma 11 fcantling, as the wile Mithematiciaa ro the j ii ft mea ure of the body of Htrsuiet , by the impreflion which he made in the (and by one of his Feet. And therefore I ilia II look no further then upon fuch fpecialitiei as have rela* tion to the Doctrine, Oifci pline, or Form? of Worlliip, whi '1 are molf proper to the reft. Some of the Brethren not fully fetled i:i a Church , had laid alide the tinging of PfjJui , c i- thcr for fear of being dil d, or otherwife terrified and difcon raged by the threats of the advcrlary. For this he i prehends them in a tedious Letrer, dared July la. 1^5^. * im-b ¥ \-* u putes it to their fearful nefs or pufillanimity, accufeth plahvtergiverfation, ami (hutting up all paftages againlt the en- trance of the Graces of Almighty God. The Brethren of Mont- PeltardCfot I think the former lived in AJcttz, the chief" ( . or Lorreimj were required by the Guardians of their Prince (that is to fay, the P j tstime of Zuibr^okj, and the Qukeof Wir~t temkergej to hold conformity in fome Ceremonies with the Lu- theran Church , as namely in the Form of their Catechu. 1 the manner of Adminiltting the Holy Sacrament , the Form of public!; Prayers, aiui Solemnizing of' Marriages. Tl, rr required alio to imploy themtelves in (teaching down the er- rour» and corruptions of the Church of Kun:.\.\n fome fmall Signiorics which were lately fallen unto their Prince, and h.: 1 not formerly been inftrufted in the Doftrine of the Protcltant Churches. But ablolutelv they refilled the one , and Would do nothing in the other without Calvint leave; to whofe in- fallible judgement and determination they refer the pour whercunto he returns fuch anfwer by his Letter*, beai ite F 3 36 50)e ¥ft*W of tlje 0?esbptertan& September 25. 15*625 as confirmed them in their fir ft refufal 4 excepting more particularly againft fufFering Midwives to Baptize,and againft praying for the joyful Kefur region of a man deceafed, at the time of his Burial. But in the other he ad- vifeth them to accept the charge , as vifibly conducing to the propagation of the true Religion, and the inlarging of Chrifts Kingdom. 37. So for the Difcipline which feemed to be devifed at firft upon humane prudence, accommodated to the prefent condi- tion of Geneva onely 5 the ufe of Excommunication' had been difcontinued in the Proteftant Churches, and no iuch creatures as Lay-Elders heard of in the Primitive times5or glanced at in the holy Scripture?. So that to truft them with the power of the Churches cenfures, could not pretend to any ground in the Word of God 9 fnppofing that the ufe of Excommunication was to be every wnere received. Calvin himfelf confefTes in tttecmeiatet his Letter unco thofe of Zurich "that in the judgement of d9i?°h ^ 11" m°ft Learned and Religious men, there was no need of Ex- iptibui pr'»ci- communication under Chriftian JPrmces. Beza acknowledged^ /"^'C*^'- the like in the Life of Calvin-, and what Ligerus faith for the d*tnr efle n'e- Church of Saxonie^hath been (hewed already. But by degrees it ceflartaEx- came to be intituled to Divine Authority $ at firft commended communicate. as convenient, and at laft as neceflfary. With the opinion of the Sacred and Divine Authority of the holy Difcipline, he had fo far poffefled Saligniar^ a man of Eminent power in the City of Paris , and one that for thirty years before, had de- clared himfelf in favour of the Reformation, that he acknow- ledged it in the end to be Apojlolieal : For in his Letter written unto Calvin on the Ides of December , he lets him know how ve* \?r1mR°eih*b nement'y ne did defire, that b they might have fuch a Form of chrtfiana ' Ecclefiaftical Pulitj, as Calvin feemed to breath, and could not /brm«m, nrir« be denyed to be Apoftolical. From hence it was that he declared p!i"icam A'f° pofo'vely in his Epiftleto foppius^Fcbrnary 25.1 559, that the f*i(Jj legi- c Magiftrates were to be follicited for the Exercife of Excommu- c"vt publka nicat'on Dv publick Authority} which if it could not be obtained, Ambtritatei the Minifters were to makethisproteftation , thatthey durft not Excommuni. gjve tne Sacrament to unworthy receivers, for fear of coming ccuf,£vigeat. under thecenfure of cafting that which was holy before Dogs and Swine. More fully in his anfwer to fome queftions about the Difcipline 5 in which we finde (and that goes very high in- A Qkamfi ad deed') * that the fafety of the Church cannot otherwise be pro- 5i«ffcc.'— v\de& for » then by the free ufe of Excommunication, for the vigeatEx* purifying of the. fame from filth, the reftraint of l'icentioufnefs, cmtMHua- aboiiftiing enormous crimes,and the correrfUng of ill manners^ the moderate exercife whereof he that will not fuffer, doth plainly fhew himfelf to be no (heep of our Saviours Pafture. 38. And fo far Calvin had proceeded, but he went no fur- ther s neither condemning the Eftate of BiQiops as Anti- ehriftian and unlawful, nor thinking his Lay-elders fo ex- treamly Xije Dittos of the pjesbytmat is. treainly neceflary, thu noDecreeof Excomoiuoicai on could be paft without them. But Hez,t,j who fuccceded m the Chair* i oiCalvim, U refolved on both i For c«L the point being put upon this Mine: II bet her all Church- s ought to have their Elderjbip mvejicd with a power of Excommunication'^ and tiat Lay-cldm were /e $?&tytetiat& appear at large when we come to Scotland. But Knox had many opportunities to effect his bufinefs, during the abfence of their Queen, the Regencie of Queen Mary of Lorreign^ and the unicttlednefs of' affairs in the State of that Kiugdom, which the Brethren could not finde in England , where the Fabrick of the State was joyned iogether with fuch Ligaments of Power and Wildom, that they were able to act little, and effect much ]cCs. Some oppofirion they had made after their coming back from Frankfort and Geneva, their two chief Retreats, againft the Veftments of the Church, and the distinction of Apparel betwixt Priefb and Lay-men : In which fome of them did pro- ceed with fo vain an obltinacie, that fome of them were for a time fufpended,and others totally deprived of their Cures and Benefices 5 fome of them aifo had begun to take exception a- gainft fome parts and Offices of the publick Liturgie, refufing thereupon to conform unto it 3 and thereupon likely to incur the « Mulm Ulic verv fame penalties which were inflicted on the other. In both Mmtjtros ver-theCc cafes they confult the Oracle, refolving to adhere to his i'/Jo'*'*?-'* determination in them, whatfoever it was. Firfl: therefore he v\i.\tumDo- applyes himfelf to Grindal, then Bifhop of London, and very ihina homi- zealoufly affected to the name of Calvin .* to whom he figni- f**j< Regi* ^es ^y ^1S Letter of the 26 of June 1566, how much he was Majeftate afflicted with the fad reports out of France and Germany, by '***&"**"> which he was advertifed that many Minilters in England,* be- b kuodveflei'mg otherwife unblamable both for Life and Doctrine, had been itiai8u*ii exauctoratedor deprived by the Queens Authority, (the Bifhops infignia!'ic.&v'ia& their confent and approbation) onely for not fubferibing —-non a^ to fome Rites and Ceremonies} but more particularly, that S'A^'vers of them were deprived, not onely for refufing to wear mm fHpain. t> thofe Veftments which were peculiar to Baals Priefts in the djtceiidtrum tjmes 0f Pqpery * but for not conforming to fome Rites which xefiat^Regii had degenerated into moft fhameful fuperftitions , fuch as the Mwflatifi- Crofs in Baptifm, kneeling at the Communion, and the like to 'd'orod folk tnel'e • That Baptifm was admitted fometimes by Mid wives: Epijcopn de cThat power was left unto the Queen to Ordain other Rites '"^"euU an<* Ceremonies, as (he faw occafion : and finally, that the Bn fiatiicu, «« (hops were inverted with the fole Authority for ordering matters nitpotentia \Q tne Church 5 d the other Minilters not advifed with, or con- Epiiia. lulted in them. c Hujcquidi 41. Such is the fubftanceof his charge^ againft each particular ^3/l*p«a,'"P°'nt whereof he bends his forces, as if he had a minde to batter niwn&itHf down the Bulwarks of the Church of England , and lay it opera cbrijlianos to Geneva. I (hall not note how much he blames the Ancient i»m*pr&t'tr Fathers for bringing in fomany Ceremonies into ufe and practice, chnfli infti- which either had been borrowed from the Jews, or derived from '"'r^Ast t^ie Genti^es '•> or how hemagnifieth thenakednefs and fimplicity jlolowm ex- of thofe Forreign Churches which abominate nothing more then empium, &c fuchcutward trappings. But the refult of all is this *, that what- wmf.'iwi Soever Rite or Ceremony was either brought into the Church from the- Xljc ijiflojp oftljc pjcsbrtcuans. t n n the jews or Gentiles, m>r warranted by ih or by any Examples of the Apofrlca $ "s alfoall C\\ ni (. - reuionics, which by DO right were at In It brought ini Church, ought a!! at once to be prohibited aod fupprelTcd, there being no hope that the Church would otherwife be reft on I to her native Beauty* 1 onely dote, that be compai Crofs in Baptifm to the Brazen Serpent , abufed as mu< h to Su pt rftiti- on and Idolatry \ and therefore to be abrogated wi a Z.eal in a Church well ordered > as thai 19 defl by King Hezekjab* He falls foul ailo ai Sacred actions) and tended mure to pleafe the cars, then t<> ' raife the affections. Noafeems he better pleafed with that Au- thority which wa> enjoyed and exercifed by the Archbilhop of- 1 , ■ 1 • rem 1 0 , 1 Cxntcrbnry,\\\ granting Licenles tor Pluralities* n >n-r\.e(ldencc, contracting Marriages intheChurch,and eating l- le(h on days pro- hibited \ with many other things of that nature, which he ac- counts not onely for fo many ft a ins and blemUhes in th • of Chriftendom, b but for a manifeft defection even from Chrifti himfeif) in which refpect. they rather were to be commended ***'« tlien condemned and cenfured, that openly oppoled themfeh e againft Inch corruptions. mM 42. Yet notwithstanding thefc complaints, be grants the! matters in difpute, and the fvitespr-. :d, to be thing, in- different, not any way impious in then , nor fuc,h as I neeetiitate any man to for fake his t\lock „ rather then yeild obedience and conformity to them. But then he adds, that it they do oficnd , who rather chufc to leave their ( then to conform thcmtclvcs to thole llitc-i and Veftments gain ft their Conferences, c a greater gui.t muft be contracted by thofe nun before Cod and his Angels, who rather chufc 1 fpoil the e Flocks of able Paftors, then fuffer thole Pa ft or s to make choice of their own Apparel s or rather, chufc to ro 1 people of the Food of their fouls, then fuffer them to receive it otherwife then upon their knees. But in his Letter of the nc . year beadventureth further, and makes it his requeft unto ill the Btfhops, thai fomefit Medicine be forthwith applyed to td prelent milchiet, which did not onely give great fcandaJ to the Weak and ignorant, bur even to many Learned and llcli , ', l'erfons. Ami toil lie lecms to charge upon thei ill anfwer for the conti. Judgement-Scat of Almighty God , to whom an account is to be given of the pooreft S.V ■which fhould be.forced 10 wander upon this occafioo from the reft of the Hock. Between the writing of which Letters, I* 1 0 of their brethren had propounded their doubts unto h touching the calling of the Minifters, a> it was then, ana %l)t ^tfto# of tt)e $je6bptetian& ufed in the Church of England , the wearing of the Cap and Surplice, and other Veftmentsof the Clergy which was then re- quired^the Mufick and melodious finging inCathedralChurches} the interrogatories propofed to Infants at the time of their Bap- tifm $ the figning of them with the fign of the Crofs 5 kneeling at the Communion, adminiftring the fame in unleavened Bread , though the laft were left at liberty by the Rules of the Church, and ufed in fome few places onely. Or all which he not onely iignified a plain diflike , but endeavoured to ftisw the errours and abfurdities contained in them j for fuch they muft contain,if he pleafed to think fo. And what could follow hereupon3but a'rt » Rem tandem open Schifm a, a feparation from the Church, a refort to Con- plri'naz'" ^ venticles v which he takes notice of in his laft to GrindaU but fch'ftnaeva- imputes it unto that feverity which was ufed by the Bifhops, k ~u *n Prenr'ng ^ucn a y°a^ °f Ceremonies upon tender Conferences. forfimfnof The breach not Jeflened, but made wider by another Letter di- ((f.mbabe- reded to the French and Dutch Churches at London b $ jn StC2,BcZ' which hefets before them the whole Form of Worfhip which b Ad pert- was eftablifhed at Geneva^ infifteth upon many points, neither a- t'ln*'tumin greeable to the Discipline or Doclrine of the Church of England'-, fiafnmf,*,es.and finally, fo retrains the power of the Supreme Magiftrate, t^ift 24. that he is left to the correction and control of his under Officers. Of which two Letters, that which was writ for fatisfa&ion of the Englifh brethren, bears date 0^^6.24.1567, the other June — 2 l, in the year next following. 43. With great Zeal he drives on in purfuit of the Difcipline, the Form and Power whereof we will firft lay down out of his Epiftles,and then obferve to what a height he doth endeavour to advance the fame } excluding the Epifcopal Government , as Antichriftianj if not Diabolical. Firft then he tells us , that to each Minifter which officiates in the Country-Villages within c infinguti* the Signiory of Geneva , c two Over-feers are elected as Afii- pagudtjunzit ftants to kjm . ancj that to them it appertains to keep a watch- funt duos lit- -11 1 • r 1 ,\ -n r 1 i fpetfores, qui rul eye over all men in their feveral Fanlne3,toconvent luchbe- "oacumpa- fore them as they finde blame-worthy, to admonifl) them of their A^f«T«""«*-in*^ec^s5 anc* finally, if he cannot othcrwife prevail upon /v,»4nr.Bpift. rhem, to turn them over to the cenfure of the Elderfhip which refides in the City. This Elderfhip he compounds of the fix ordinary Paftors, and twelve Lay-elders •> the laft continually chofen from amongft the Senators. To whofe charge and office it belongSj to take notice of all fcandals and offences of what fort foever within the bounds afligned unto them, and eve- ry Thurfday to report to the Court orConfiftory what they have difcovered. The parties thereupon are to be convented, fairly admonifhed of their faults, fometimes fufpended from the Sacra- ment , if the cafe require it , and excommunicated at the laft, if they prove impenitent. To this Elderfhip alfo it be- longs, to judge in all cafes and concernments of Matrimony, ac- cording to the Word of God , and the Laws ot the City 5 to repel 20 X\)t tftitolt of rl)c p:rsb|>trriatis. A i rrpcl Rich from the Communion as il> not fatiffie the Mini- sters by a full coofcfijon of iheir Faith and Knowledge. And in the company of an Officer of each fcveral Ward , to make a diligent inquiry (over them) in every Family, .* concerning i -»>« and t here- r feit wmm fore that it mmjtfeem It range (which I would have the Reader ^ rj roark with his befr attention) to entertain one part of the Wwdj^i**,^ of God, d and rcjeli the other s that it wasmoft ridiculous to ex*Di/cf#/r«i pect or think, that either the Laws could be obferved, or the f£Ab'rtm' Peace maintained, without Rules and Order*, in which the ver) ,i .- .,^f.tr Jite of the Law did fo much confift , that tor the avoiding ot cr'- »•«»« Lome new Tyranny r which feemed to lye difguifed under thc^';^^. Maik and Vi/.ard of the prefent Dilcipline , they fhould not dtsts, mi. run themfelves into Itich Anarchy and ditcords as were not o-£" ,1,:- therwile to be prevented } and finally, that no feveriry could //« ,,,J1Plli be feared in the ufe of that Difcipline, as long as it was circum *«■ I fcribi/d within the bounds and limits affigned unto it by the Word of God, and moderated by the Rules of Chriftian cha- rity. So that we are not to admire, if the Dilcipline bet om henceforth made a Note of the Church , every way as etj'cn- tial to the nature of it, as the Word and Sacraments } whicri as it is the common Do&rine of the Presbyterians, Co we mull look on Beza as the Author of it '-, fucli Do&rine being never preached in the Church before. 4v But becaufe Bezt feemi to fpeak in that Epiftle concern- ing the neceility of admitting fome certain Form of Ecclefiafti- cal Difcipline, without pointing punctually and precifely uito that of Geneva j we muft next fee what Form of Difcipline he means, and whether a Church-Government by Bilhops were in ! ' *■ tended in it. And tirlr he tells us in a Poftfcript of a Letter to Sri* J ft**! Knox, dated the third of July 156^, wherein he much con- D'/'A/"'- gratulates his good Fortune, / for jovning the Difcipline in hit J^Vj G r\c- 1 4^ %\y% ^iftojp of tftc |&?esbpterian^> Reformationwith the truth of Dofrrine, befeeching him to go forward with it as he had begun , left it might happen to him as it did to others, either to flacken in their fpeed, or not be a- bie to advance were they never fo willing. And we know well what Difcipline, what Form of Government and Worfhip had been by Knox eftablifhed in the Kirk of Scotland. But fe- condly, many of the Scots being (till unfatisfied in the point of Epifcopacy, and not well pleafed with any other Government of a late invention 5 it was thought fit to fend to Beza for his judgement in it, who was now looked upon as the Su- preme Paftor, Succeffor unto Calvin^, both in place and power. Bcza confiders of the Bufinefs, and by his Letters of the 12 of ■dpril) 1572, returns thisAnfwer, viz,. That he beheld it as an a Magnum extraordinary blelling on the Church of Scotland *, That to- bic Dei /««- gether with the true Religion 3 they alfo had received the Di- frklnj™ fcipline for the bond thereof. Both which he earneftjy con- mmpuramfy jures them fo to hold together, as to be fure that there is no c-j^iUv hope to keep the one , if thev lofe the other *: which beins: tinendavin- »3'd m reference to the Holy Difcipline , he next proceeds cnl*m inSco- to fpend his judgement in the point of Epifcopacy. In refe- ' '""* rcnce to which, he firft tells them this 5 that as the Biihops were the firft means to advance the Pope, fo the pretended Biihops *> Htodur.fi* would maintain the Relicks of Popery. And then he adds, mtnYlmifii-} fkat n concerns all thofe to avoid that plague e (by which he ahcr ) Becaufe (fa id he) he found no warrant for it que"fai Pref- fo the Word of God, or any of the ancient Canons, by which byterii indicia fa might be lawful for the Civil Magiftrate (of his own Authc- %quifnt^ rity) either to abrogate old Ceremonies , or eftablifh new 5 or ordinate, sec. for the Bifhops onely to ordain and determine any thing, e with- f&n'exFnf. out ^ Judgement ar>d confent of their Presbyteries being firft tyreri^eaten- obtained. And in his anfwer to the Queries of the Engliih bre- tiaj'dex .p-- thren, he findes no Iefs fault with the manner of proceedings rcU^uuSm' m ttie Bifliops Courts 5 in regard that Excommunications were cv aiHtum not therein pa fled by the common confent of a Presbytery f, but eiufifittdi An- decked onely by fome Civil Lawyers , or other Officers who- ibij. fate as Judges in the fame. But firft, the man was ignorant of thofe £tiel)iiiu' ijffr toptCCIcTU the c5urfe pf ih fi I >uri , ia which ilu- fentem iri« muotcatioa is never publifbed or pron I, butbycl uth of a Minifter ordained accordingtto the r\ul< of th I of Bmglemd. i nd fecondly, h is to be conceived inr\cs that any Batchelor or Docroi of tl I I ■■•• u farmoyrc lobe imployed and trufted in th that part of Difci- pline,then any Trades- man of Gemevs, though poffibly of i number of the five and twenty. Fot f of which gr mifebief, and <>f many other, he appliei hlmfelf unto the ( to whom he dedicates his AunolAtiont <>n the New 1 publilhed in the year 1=57:. In the Epiftlc w hereunto, tl he acknowledgeth that (he had refroccd unto this Km. dom 1 true Worth ip of God, yet he ioGnuates that there wa a full Reformation of Ecclefialtical Difciplina \ thai nur rem- pies were not fully purged^ that fome high plibe< frill remain .!, not yet abolilhed : and therefore wtlheth tint thole blemilb •■» might be removed, and thole wants fupplyed. Finally, tin ler- ftaoding that a Parliament was then (bortly to be held in /•'■■ /and, and that CsftWTtgkt baa prepared an Admonitionto pi fent unto it s he mud needs intcrpofe his credit with a Peer o( the deafm to advance the fervice , as appears plainly by bit Letter of the fame year, and the Nonet of July. \& which, though lie approves the Doctrine, yet he condemns the G »- vernment of the Church as molt imperfect , not onely destitute of many thins',; which were good and profitable 5 but alio of fonic Others which were plainly neccfTary. 47. But here it is to be obferred, that in his Letter to this" great perfon, whofoever he was, he feems more cautelous and refer ved, then in that to Grind tl) but far mure modeft then in thole to Knox, and the Englifh brethren. The Oovernmemi of England was (o well fetled, as u it to be ventured on too ri.hlv- And therefore hemuftrirft fee what cfFect his counfels hi 1 pro- duced in Scotland^ before he openly a Hanks the Ewglijb Hie* rarchj : But finding all things there agreeable to his hopes and wiflies, he publilhed his Tract De TripUei F.pijcopatu, calculated for the Meridian onely of the Kirk of Scotland (as being writ at the delire of the Lord Chancellor Clammis ) but fo, thjt it might generally ferve for all Great Kritam . In which Boo . he informs his [leader of three lorts of Bifhops s that i^ to lav, the Bilhop by Divine Institution , bcin^ no other then the \li- nifter uf a particular Church or Congregation } the Bifhop '■■ humane sppfintment^ being the lame onely with the President 6i a Convocat'< n, or the Moderator (as they phrafe it) in tor Church- affi u.bly •■> and finally, the Devils Eijhops, fuch as pre iumcto take upon them the whole charge of a Diocefs, toge- ther with a iuperiority and jurildiuion over other Minilte Which Book was afterwards trandated intoEngliili by Feild Wandfworth^ tor the inkru&ion and content of luch of the Bre- thten as did not underftnnd the Latine. To fcrfe as a Pre- G i 44 %ty J?iOo# of t|)e $jesbptet,an& face to which Work , the Presbyterian Brethren publifh their Seditious Pamphlets in defence of the Difcipline, fome in the Englilh Tongue, fome in the.Latine 5 but all of them Printed at Geneva: For in the year 1570, comes out The plain and full Declaration of Ecclefyajiical Difcipline, according to the Word of Cod , without the name of any Author, to gain credit to it. And Traverfe, a furious Zealot amongft the Englifh^ had pub- limed at Geneva alfo \a the Latine Tongue , a difcourfe of Ec- clefafiical Difcipline 9 according to the Word of God (as it was pretended) with the declining of the Church of England from the fame, Anno 15745 which for the fame reafon mud be turned into Englilh alfo, and Printed at Geneva with Beza's Book, Anno 1580. What pains was took by fome of the Di- vinej of England , but more particularly by Dr. John Bridget Dean of Sarum, 'and Dr. Adrian Saravia* preferred upon the merit of this fervice in the Church of iVefiminfter , fiiall be re- membred in a place more proper for it , when we (hall come to a review of thofe difturbances which were occafioned in thi« Church by the Puritan Faction." Mofl: of which did proceed from no other Fountain then the pragmaticalnefs of Eeza, the Doctrines of Calvin* and the Example of Geneva •, which if they werefo influential on the Realms of Britain, though lying in a colder climate, and fo far remote 5 it is to be prefumed that they were far more powerful in France and Germany, which lay nearer to them '■> and in the laft of which the people were of a more active and Mercurial Spirit. 48. What influence Calvin had upon fome of the Princes, Cities, and Divines of Germany, hath been partly touched upon before 5 and how his Doctrines did prevail in the Palatine Churches, and his Difcipline in many parts and Provinces of the Germane Empire, may be fhown hereafter. In France he held intelligence with the King of Navar, the Brethren of Rouen, Aix, Mont-Pelier, and many leading men of the Hugonot party 5 none of which can be thought to have asked his counfel about purchafing Lands, the Marriages of their Children, or the pay- ment of Debts : And when the Fortune of the Wars, and the Kings juff anger neceflitated many of them to forfake their Country 5 they found no place fo open to them as the Town of Geneva, and none more ready to befriend them then Calvin was , whofe Letters muft be fent to all the Churches of the Swiizers , and the Neighbouring Germany, for railing Contri- a $obUver» butions and Collections toward their relief: which fo exafpe- ^J^*/ rated the French King, that he threatned to make War upon nhantur, ubi&e Town, as the fomenter of thofe difcords which embroy led eziftimant his Kingdom*, the Receptacle of his Rebels , the Delphos as it ""fe/if^vvere of that Sacred Oracle which Soveraignly direded all affairs barum. Caiv. of moment. But of thefe things, and how Bcza did co-operate 5 cai'umc*, to the c°mmon troubles which did fo miferably diftratt the 1540J ' peace of France , (ball be delivered more particularly in the following Book< 49- As 1Il)C l)tft02V Oftt)C plfSUytcr II 4-;. A^ for the Town ii I I n / of < ■• fo tar lubmitted unto their Autl n t ./ ■ I mi thfog of a Bifhop init, but the name and tide. I' itev.i had been anciently an Epifcopal See, cun Hi ting . Parities and Country -Villi nil fubjett by i fcipline unto one presbytery, of which Cslthtt I « r his life had the conftant I rncy (under theft) f#> Acr.ttor J without whom DOthiog could d >;■' h Ji C > 1 1 u c r i the Church. And lirrin., . Prefident in the Cou Confiftory, he bad fo grea i the Connnoi ell, as it he had • I to u>, tor ot the .1 1 i a i rs of the C<>-.' mon« i ' . 1 he- like Authority exercifed and cnjoye< v for the f pace of \ ot tbeteabouts,aftcr his deccalc. n | ■■ ftd us , one i City , think itnfelf feriourto hicnin no pari ol Scholarf] p, procured the Prefidei in that Church to go by turns j i tod others might be ca pa bieof their courfe» in il : means tfa • tnr beii freed froini Klld never fuffer then:.. to be b • • i i ' iiy. For thereupon it Was COW ' oi the Senate, th.it the l'ie i-\ : (hould haveno po nveni any man before them, tittche 'Warrant was firftfigned by oneot the Beitd • i tich curb,as the Elder* are named by the leflci ( ii, and on- fumed by the greater, the Minifters advice being fir ft had in I nominatioo^fo do they take an Oath at their admiffion,f0 i Fcclyijiu.il OrJ'm.tncct of the Civil Mdgjjltste. In . fped their Confiftory <.;oth not challenge an exorbitant an I i limited po^ i as the Comnn'ji on ttt oj Cbrijl(as they did al r« i . -'O Dut as Commiffioaits of the State or Signi- i h they are rettraincd in the exerciie of rbat iiinf- :h otherwife they might and would have c ha 1 1 I ] iiK-u hrft inftitution, and feemed ^t hill a yoke t. portable tor the necks ot the people. In reference to th Neighbouring Princes, iheirCity wasfu advantageouO] that eventheit Popifli bbours were more ready to I and aid them, tjien futt.-r the Town to CaH into the poi the Duke ot Sjvoj, And then ir is not to be doubted but f.chStaui aid \ tlouS in t tic R Utioa, did Ubcrall) co ite their afCftance to them. Th flu- > many of the Frtmcb as had retired thithei in i'k- hear of the Civil Wars had brought a miferable Plague then*** bv a theii numbers wie-re lo Itlicncd , and i frrength fo wcakned, that the Dul ; tool, the n nitytolay Siege,untoit;ln which diftrel they fupplicati i,\ I tcrs to all their Friends, or fuch as well unto them in the caufe of rVeligi 5 at) ai uth l'omc Bilhops and Noble-men ot the Church ot / *gt*n 1 t S ? 3 . But Be ng writ t< 46 3Ctje $ifto# of ti)e ^esbpteriansu titan to negotiate in it, the bufinefs fped the worfe for the A- gents fake 5 no great fupply being fent unto them at that time. But afterwards when they were diftrefled by the Savoy ard^Anno 1589 , they were relieved with thirteen thoufand Crowns from England, twenty four thoufand Crowns from the State of Ve- nice 5 from France and Florence, with intelligence of the ene- mies purpofes : onely the Scot*9 though otherwife moft zealous in advancing the Difcipline, approved themfelves to be true Scots, or falfe Brethren to them. For having raifed great funis of mony, under pretence of fending feafonable relief to their friends in Geneva } the moft part of it was afligned over to the Earl of Botbrvel, then being in Rebellion againft their King3and having many ways endeavoured to furprife his perfon, and in fine, to takeaway his life. But this prank was not play 'd until fome years after, and therefore falls beyond the time of my defign 5 which was, and is, to draw down the fucceffes of the VreshyteriantWi their feveral Countries, till the year i5S5,and then to take them all together, as they related uflto England3or were co-incident with the A&ions and Affairs thereof. But we muft make our way by France, as lying neareft to the praclices of the Mother-Gity 5 though Scotland at a greater diftance firft took fire upon it, and England was as foon attempted as the French themfelves* «&» *&* al« aU% «£•» «&> *4«» ato efc> «f« *&» *■*♦ ofe *tj* *j» *&i *&» **» +&* +&» *i£* I'be end of the firtt "Boo VWM?flHM*WW9 47 HESS-' m A E% I V S R B T> I V I V V S • O R, The Hiftory Oi the P R E S B Y T F, R I A N S. Lib. II. Containing The hi am fold $cditiottfy Conspiracies , and InfuncSiionr the Realm of France,/ heir Libelfittg anjpifithe State, and the liars there rarfed by their procurement, from the year I 1^85. T %lk-Pvcalm of rr.ivrs-, having long fuflcred under tbe corruptions ot the Church of ft >"/,-, was one ( f t.erirlf Weltern kingdoms winch openly 1 trod againft cbofe abates, Vcrm^trius in the ighbourtng tt.ily, had formerly bppo fed the Ctof-f and Carnal I )odtrincsof the I'apihS in the point oi the Si- crament : Whole opinions paffing into France trom one hand to another, were at laft publickly maintained by r tcr irsUa, one of the Citizens of Lyont^ who added thereunto many bitter inve&ives gainft the Supremacy of the Pope , the Adoration of Images, the InTOCationof Saints, and the Do&fJneof Pur- gatory. Hn ; vers, from the place of his Habitation, u at firft called in contempt, lh;[oorw r, Bfl afterwards, trom the name of their Leader, they were by the Latinea called ir ildcnfet, by the French LtsVj.. But Lyons proving no Lire place for them, they retired into the more deleft par' ;*cdock_-> and fprcading on the binlH or the River Alby , • %ty $itto# of tt)e $jesbpterian& obtained the name of Albigenfes in the Latine Writers , and of Let Albigeoife in the French : fupported by Raymond the Fourth, Earl of Tholoufe , they became fo infolent, that they tnurthered Trincanel their Vifcount in the City Beziers^nd dalht out the teeth of their Biftiop , having taken Sanctuary in St. Magdalens Church, one of the Churches of that City. For Which high outrages, and many others of like nature which en- fued upon* them, they were warred upon by Lewis the Ninth of France , Sirnamed the Saint, and many Noble adventurers, who facrificed many of them in the felf-fame Church wherein they had fpilt the blood of others. After a long and bloody War, which ended in the year 1250 , they were almofr rooted out of the Country alfo } the refidue or remainders of them having betook themfelves into the mountainous parts of Daulphine, Vrovence , Vhmont , and Savoy , for their greater fafety. By means whereof becoming neer Neighbours to the Switzers, and poflibly managing fome tra flick with the Town of Geneva, their Do&rines could neither be unknown to Zuinglius amongft the one, nor to many Inhabitants of the other ot beft note and quality. 7. The reft of France had all this while continued in the Popes obedience, and held an outward uniformity in all points with the Church of Rome', from which it was not much diverted by the Writings of Zuinglius, or the more moderate proceedings of the Lutheran Do&ors , who after the year 1517, had filled many Provinces of Germany with their opinions. But in the year T$33, the Lutherans found an opportunity to attempt upon it. For Francis the Firft favouring Learned men and Learning (as commonly they do, whofe Actions are worthy a learned Pen) refolved to creel: a Univerfity »at Park , making great offers to the moft Learned Scholars of Italy and Germany for their entertainment. Luther takes hold of that advantange, and fends Bucer, and fome others of his ableft Followers 5 who by difputing in fuch a confluence of Learned men, might give a ftrong effay to bring in his Doctrines. Nor wanted there fome which were taken with the Novelty of them,efpecially becaufe fuch as were queftioncd for Religion had recourfe into Aqui- taine, to Margaret of Palois, the Kings Sifter, married to Henry of Albert King of Navar , who perhaps out of hatred to the Bifhop of Rome , by whom her Husbands Father was de- prived of that Kingdom,might be the more favourable to the£#- therans 5 or rather moved (as (he confeffed before her death) with commiferation to thofe condemned perfonsthat fled to her protection, fhe became earneft with her brother in defence of their perfons ^ fo that for ten years together (he was the chief means of maintaining the Dofrrines of Luther in the Realm of France, Nor was the King fo bent in their Extermination, as o- therwife he would have been, in regard of thofe many Switz, and Germans that ferved him in his Wars againft Charles the Fifth Xl)t i?ifto:p of ttje pjcsUptctuanG. Fifth 5 till at bit , being grievoully offended with, the i macic of the men, and their c< ntioual oppofitioa toth ! ' of Route , be publHhed many Edi&s and Proclamation them, not onely threatnutg, but executing his penal Laws, until he had at la ft almott extinguished the name 'i Luther in hii Kingdom. 3. But Cdlvins ftratagem Succeeded fomewnatbetter,whoid ir \ mediately upon the Death of Fr.mcts the Firft ( whiUt K: > Henry was ingag'd in the Wars with CbsrUsj attempted I by fending his pamphlets (torn Geneva, writ For the molt pare in the trench Tongue, for the better captivating and inf< of the common people. And as he found many poilcil with Luther J opinions, lo lie himfclf inflamed them with a to his own i the Vulgar being very proud to be made Ju Religion, and pals their Votes upon the abltrulclt C 1- fie; ot the Chriltian Faith* So that in Qiort tim:.* Zuimgltitt was no more remenbred , nor the Docfrinc ot Lnth.r lo mil followed as it had been formerly . The name ot Calvin carry- ing it amonglr the trench. The fudden propagating of whole Opinions, both by preaching and writing, gave great offence unto the Papiftsj but chietly to Charles Cardinal of Lorr.tm, and hii Brother Francis Pake of Guije, then being in great power and favour with King ilenrj the Second. By whole con- tinual lolliatation, the King endeavoured by many terrible and levere executions to fupprels them utterly } and did redn his Followers at the la ft to luch a condition, that they dur;: Dcither ii.cet m publick , or by open day, but fecretly in Woods or Private houles } anil tor the muff part in the n to avoid difcovery, And at this time it was, and u^ calion,»hat the name ot Unknots was tirft given them \ lo called trom St.Hugocs Gate in the City ot T#a?r/, out of which they w ( oblcrved to pafsfo their fee ret Meetings; or from apight-fpiri or Hobgobling, which they called St. Hugo '■> to which th were relemblcd, for their conftant night-walks. Buc neith tiilgrace which that name imported, nor the fever it y of the bL t 1 Edieis lo prevailed upon them, bur that they multiplycd m re and more in moff parts ot" the llcal;n '-, especially in the Pro- vinces which 1 if her were ncarcif. to Geneva, or lay more open towards the Sea, to the trade of the Englilh. Anil though the fear ot the dan ;er, and the Kings difpfeafure, deferred luch as livecj within the air of the Court from adhering openly un- to them ^ yet hid they many fecret favourers ip the IVoyjl Palace, and not a few of the Nobility , which gave them as mu countenance as the times could lulFer. The certainty whereof appeared immediately on the death of King Henry, who left this lite at Fans on the tenth of July, Anno 1559, leaving the \*tq Crown to Francis his Eldelt Son, then being but fifteen years of age, neither in fttcogth ot body, nor in vigour ot Spirit, enabled tor the uiauaging ot i'o great an tmpirc. H 4- TI l 5 o %l)e J?itto# of tfje i^e£tytetian& 4. This young King in his Fathers lifetime had married Mary Queen of Scots, Daughter and Heir of James the Fifth, by Mary of Lorrain, a Daughter of the Houfe of Guife^ and Sifter to the two great Favourites before rernembred. This gave a great improvement to the power and favour which the two brothers had before, made greater by uniting themfelvesto (Ca- therine dz Medrces, the young Kings Mother 5 a Woman of a pe- ftilent Wit, and one that ftudied nothing more then to main- tain her own greatnefs againft all oppofers. By this confede- racies the Piinces of the Houfe of Bourbon^ Heirs inHeverfionto the Crown, if the King and his three brothers fhould depart with- out Iifue-Male(as in fine they did) were quite excluded from all office and imployment in the Court or State. The principal of which, was Anthony Duke of Vendofme , and his brother Lewis Prince of Condej men not fo near in birth, as of different humours j, the Duke being of an open nature, flexible in him- felf , and eafily wrought upon by others: but on the other fide, the Prince was obfervedto be of a moreenterprifingdifpofition, violtnt (but of a violence mixed with cunning in the carrying on of his defigns) and one that would not patiently diffemble the fmalleft injuries. Thefe two had drawn unto their fide the two Chaftilionsj that is to fay, Gaffer de Collignie Admiral of the Realm of France , and Monfieur D' Andilot his brother Commander of the Infantry of that Kingdom } to which Offices they had 6een advanced by the Duke of Montmorency , into whofe Family they had married, during the time of his Autho- rity with the King deceafed ■> for whofe removal from the Court, by the confederacy of the Q,ueen Mother with the Houfe of Guife} they were as much dilquieted, and as apt for action, as the Princes of the Houfe of Bourbon for the former rvea Tons. Many defigns were offered to confideration in their private Meetings } but none was more likely to effect their bufinefs, then to make themfelves the Heads of the Hngonot Faction, which the two Chajiilions had Jong favoured as far as they durft. By whofe affiftance they might draw all affairs to their own difpofing, get the Kings perfon into their power, fhut the Queen-mother into a Cloyfter, and force the Gaffes into Lor- rain out of which they came. 5. This counfel was the rather followed, becaufe it feemed moft agreeable to the inclinations of the Queen of Navar Daughter of Henry of Albret and the Lady Margaret be- fore-mentioned, and Wife of Anthony Duke of Vendofm , who in her Right acquired the title to that Kingdom. Which Prin- cefs being naturally averfe from the Popes of Rome, and no lefs powerfully tranfported by fome flattering hopes for the reco- very of her Kingdoms, conceived no expedient fo effectual to revenge her fclf upon the one, and Inthrone her felf in the o- ther, as the profecuting this defign to the very utmofr. Upon which ground fhe inculcated nothing more into the ears of her Husband 3Zt)c tyiftoip of ttjc pjesbytrnans. 5 1 Husband, then that he muft not fuffer fuch au opportunity to Hip out of his hands, for the recovcrv of the Crown which I longed unro her ^ that he might make himfeli the Head ol mighty Faction , containing a.mofr halt the itrcngth of I t mi . j that by fo doing , he might expeft afnltanee from the man Princes of the fame llcligion , from Queen / It England, zn<\ many dUcontenbcd Lords in the Btlgick, Pr< \ in< betides fuch of iheCatholick party, even mFrsmci h I were dilpleafed at the t>wr«i-r\egcncy of the lloule of « that by a frrong Conjunction of all thtfe iaterCuVcs , he mi tiot onely get his ends upon the Guifts , but carry his Army crofsthe Mountains, make himfelf Matter of rVtftMr, with .ill the Hights and Ivoyalties appertaining to it. But a!! this could not fo prevail on the Duke her Husband, (whom life will lien forth call the King of 'Jav.tr} as cither openly or under-hand to promote the enterprise , which he conceived more like to hinder his affairs, then to advance his hopes, for the * < Mother having fome intelligence of theCe fecret practices, fends lor him to the Court, commends unto his care her Daughtt r the Princcfs //rf /re//./, affianced to rbilip the Second King of Sf .un ami puts him chief into CommiUion for delivering her upon the Bor- ders to fuch Spamfb Minifters as were appointed to receive her. A 11 which fhe did (as the allured him) for no other ends, but out of the great efteem which the had of his pcrfon, to put him in- to a fair way for ingratiating himfelf with the Catholick King, and to give him fuch a hopeful opportunity for folliciting his own afla;rs with the Grandees of Spain, as might much tend to his advantage upon t hi* imployment. Which device had fu wrought upon him, and he had been fo finely fitted by tl Minifrers of the Catholick King, that he thought himfelf in a better way to regain his Kingdom, then all the hlnvonolt if* France , together with their Friends in Gcrtxanj and Emgla could chalk out unto him. 6. But notwithflanding this great coldnefs in the King qI v.tr } the bulinels was fo hotly followed by the Prince <-t Condc, the Admiral Colltgny, and his brother D' Andclot, that the Hftgonots were drawn to unite together, under the Print of that Floufe. To which they were fpurred on the fairer, by the practices of G idfrej dels Ear t commonly called Rew4Udiet from the name of his Signiory } a man of a molt milchiev u^ Wir, and a dangerous Eloquence) who being forced to abandon his own Country for fome mildemeanors, betook himfeif unto Geneva, where he grew great with Calvin, Ftza, and the reft of the Conliftory '-, and coming back again in the change of times, was thought the titteft instrument to promote this fervicc, and draw the party to a body. Which being induffrioufly purfur was in fine effected >, many great men, who had before conced- ed themfelves in their affections, declaring openly in favour the rVeformation, when they pciccivcd it countenanced by fuch H 2 Potent 5 2 %tyt ^itto# of tt)c f^e£ty^ati& Potent Princes. To each of thefe,according as they found them qualified for parts and power, they affigned their Provinces and Precincts, within the limits whereof they were directed to raife Men,Arms,Money}and all other neceffaries, for carrying on of the defign^ but all things to be done in fo clofca manner, that no difcovery mould be made till the deed was done. By this it was agreed upon, that a certain number of them mould repair to the King at Btoife , and tender a Petition to him in all hum- ble manner for the Free exercife of the Religion which they then profefled , and for profeffing which they had been perfecuted in the days of his Father. But thefe. Petitioners were to be backed with multitudes of armed men, gathered together from all parts on the day appointed > who on the Kingsdenyal of fo juff a fuit, mould violently break, into the Court 0 feize on the perfon of the King, furprife the Queen, and put the Guifes to the Sword : And that being done, Liberty was to be Proclaim- ed, Free exercife of Religion granted by publick Edidf, the ma- nagery of affairs committed to the Prince of Conde , and all the reft of the Confederates gratified with rewards and honours. Impoflibleit was, that in a bufinefs which required fo many hands, none mould be found to give intelligence to the adverfe party : which coming to the knowledge of the Qtieen- Mother, and the Duke of G«//e, they removed the Court from blotfe a weak open Town, totheftrong Caftleof Amboife, pretending nothing but the giving of the Ring fome recreation in the Woods adjoynirig. But being once fetled in the Cattle , the Ring is made acquainted with thetbreatned danger, the Duke of Gut ft appointed Lieutenant-General of the Realm of France. And by his care the matter was fo wifely handled, that without making any noife to affright the Confederates , the Petitioners were admitted into the Town 5 whilft in the mean time, feveral Troopes of Horfe were fent out by him to fall on fuch of their accomplices as were we!l armed, and ready to have done the mifchief, it not thus prevented. 1560.- 7. The ilTue of the bufinefs was, that Renaudie the chief A- c"for in it was killed in the fight, many of the reft (lain, and fome taken Prifoners, the w'hole body of them being routed and com- pelled to flee : yet fuch was the clemencie of the Kin£, and the di creet temper of the Guifes, in the courfe of this bufiuefs, that a general pardon was proclaimed on the 18 of March, (being the third day after the Execution) to all that being moved one- Jy with the Zeal to Religion, had entred themfeive* into the Confpiracie, if within twenty four hours they laid down their Arms, and retired to their own Houfes. But this did little e- difie with thofe hot fpirits which had the conduct of the Caufe, find had befoo'ed themfelves and others with the flattering hopes of gaining the Free exercife of their Religion. It cannot be denyed but that they were refolved Co to act their parts, chat Religion might not feem to have any hand in it, or at the leaft %\)Z l?tfto;p of ti;c pjrsbytcnans. 5 3 J w K ill might nit fuller by it, if tl.c plot mifc.irried. I cud they procured the chief Lawyers <>r frame* aad Gcnmmm/^ and n&ov of the reformed Divines oi the greater) tmjnmca^tu publifh fome IV.iitiogc to this parpofej that is to dy that without violating the \Jajelty of the king, and the dignity of the lawful Magiftrate , they might oppofe with Ami.s fie \i 1- Jcnt Domination of the Houfc of uuifc, who were given out for Enemies ro the true Keligion, hindcrt rs of the courfe of J uftice, and in elfeft no b'tter then the Kingb Jay Km;, js rh_- cafe then ffood. Hut this Vlask was quickly taken < ll, .mJ t dehgn appeared baie faced without any vizard. Ror prci enrly upon the routing of the Forces in the Woods af /Iwbo/ic, they Catlfed great tumults to be raffed in PoiJou, L m^vc-hek. -'■■■ rrovemc. To which the Preachers oj Get cos wttt forthwith called, and rhey cam: as willingly } their Followers being much increased both in courage and numbers, as well by their vehc- jnency in the BuJpiC, as their private practices. In Duul^h:ny , and fome parts of Provence, <* they proceeded further, fcia . i4 » upon divers or the Churches for r he Exercife or their il: Jigi >n, i4m p as if all matters had iucceeded anlwerable to theirexpe^r iti.m. Bur on the tiilr coming of lome Forces from the Duke of GmiJ . they ibrunk in again, and left the Count r\ in the lame c indictus m- wherein firft they found it. Of this particular, CaLm eives.'-'1 " ' notice unto BuLcnger, by his Letters ot the 21 ott M.ty, Anno. I$6o, CompUioiog much of the extreme ralhncls , and looi- < bardinefs or fomcot'thac party bs whom no fobex counfelscou I rtffrain from thofc ingagements which might have proved . daogciousand deiiructivc to thecaufeofJLeligion.Whjch woi of his relate notoncly to the Action ot DjuUb/ne and Proven ut to lome ot the attempts preceding, whatloevcr it were, by him difcouraged and dill waded , if we may believe *"** mm. ,. , B( 8. But though we may believe him, as [ think \vc may, the Pope and Court of Framct were otlierwile . aded of it. iianjdoes going trom Geneva to unite toe party, wjs as 111 likely to be done without his allowance, as without hi> privil But certainly the Miniiters of Gencv.t dm li Dot leavethcirFI »c J t-> Preach Sedition to the French ot ?tov*mct and Ldnguedoi . if he had neither connived at it, or advifed them to u ; c ana iuch connivings differ but little from commands, as we hod i Saiviun. Once it is fure that the Pope fuggelfed to the Frcn NJ '• King by the Bifhop of irterbv, whom he lent in the nature ol . Legate, that all the mifchief which troubled Fr.i».c. and the Potion which infected that Kingdom and the Neighbour!! Countries, (for fo I fiude in my Autho ) came from no other Fountain thea the Lake of Genevd , that by digging at the very K.oot,he mighr divert a great part of that nounlhmcnt by wh: thole mi (chiefs were fomented } and that by prolecurtng luc \ a Forraign War, he might evacuate thofc bad humours whi diftempercd 54 %t)e l?ttto# of ti)e ^esbptetian^ diftempered bis Kingdom : and therefore if the King be pleafed to engage herein, his Holinefs would not onely fend him fome convenient Aids, but move the Scotch King, and the Duke of Savoy, to aflift him alfo. But neither the Queen-Mother, nor the Guife (for the King acted little in his own affairs) could approve the motion, partly for fear of giving offence unto the Stvitzers, with whom Geneva had confederated thirty years before $ and partly becaufe none being like to engage in that Wara but the Catholicks onely , the Kingdom would thereby lye open to the adverfe party. But nothing more diverted the three Princes from concurring in it, then the impoflibility of complying with their feveral interefles in the difpofing of the Town when it fhould be taken. The Duke of Savoy would not enter into the War before he was augured by the other Princes that he fhould reap the profit of it , that belonging anciently to his jurifdiction. But it agreed neither with the intereft of France nor Spam, to make the Duke greater then he was, by Co fair an addition as would be made ro his Eftate , were it yeiided to him. The Spaniard knew that the French King would ne- ver bring him into France, or put into hie hands fuch a fortified pafs, by which he might enter when he pleafed. As on the o- ther fide, the Spaniards would not fuffer it to fall into the power of the French , by reafon of its neer Neighbour-hood unto the County of Burgundy, which both then was, and ever iiucehath been appendant on the Crown of Spain. By reafon of which mutual diftruftsand jealoufies, the Pope received no other anfwer to his motion in the Court of France, but thac it was impofTible to apply themfelves to matters abroad 9 when they were exercifed at home with fo many concernments. 9. This anfwer pinched upon the Pope, who found as much confufionintheState of ^z/?£»i0»,belongingfor fome hundreds of years to the See of Rome,z$ the French could reafonably complain in the Bowels of France. For lying as it did within the limits of Provence , and being vifitedwith fuch of the French Preachers as had been frudied at Geneva, the people generally became inclined unto Galvins Doctrines, and made profefiion of the fame both in private and publick 5 nay, they refolved upon the lawfulnefsof taking up of Arms againft the Pope , though their natural Lord , partly upon pretence that the Country was unjuftly taken from the Earls of Tholoufeby the PredecelTors of the Pope s partly becaufe the prefent Pope could prove no true Lineal SuccelTion from the firft Ufurper j but chiefly, in re- gard that perfons Ecclefiaftical were difab'ed by Chrifts Com- mandments from exercifing any Temporal Jurifdiction over other men. Being thus refolved to rebel, they put themfelves, by the perfwafion of Alexander Guilatine,^ profeffed Civilian, into the protection of Charles Gountde Mont-brun, who had then taken Arms againft the King, in the Country of Daulphine. Mont' hrnn accepts of the irrployment, enters the Territory of A- vignion Xhc iiift02V of tl)c p2f gbpfeoait*. 5 e, vr^nion with three thoufand Foot, reduced; the whole Country under his command s rhc Popes Vice-Legate in the City being hardly able tor the prcfenl to make good the (,.ifrlr. Bui fo it happened, that the Cardinal or lonrnon^ whofc Niece the Count had married, being necr the place, prevailed with him after fome difcourfe to withdraw his Forces, and to retire unto Geneva, alluring him not onely of his MljtftlC pai Ion, and the nlntution Of his Goods which had been confifi 'ted , but that he fhould have libcrtyof Confcience alio, which he pri/cd far more then both the other. By which Action < h • people were necefiirated to return to their old obedience , but with Co man/ fears and jealoufieson either fide, that many year* were fpent before the Hope could be allured of the love of hib Subjects, or they rel\ e upon the Clemency and good will of their Prince. Such illue had the firft artemptsof the Calvinism in the Realm of France. 10. In the mean time it was determined by the C ibiaet Coun- cil in the Court, to fmother the indignity of thele insurrecti- ons that the hot fpirits> of the trench might have time to cool, and afterwards to call them to a fober reckoning, when they leaft looked for it. In order whereunto, an kdict is publilhcd in the Kings name, and fent to all the Parliamentary Courts of France (being at that time eight in all) concerning the holding of an Allembly at Fount unbleau on the 2 1 of Angnji then next following , for compoling the diffractions of the King- dom. And in that Edi& he declares, that without any evi- dent OCcafioO, a great number of perfon* had rifen and taken Arms agamlf. him } that he could not but impute the caufe there- of to the Hugonots onely, who having laid afide all belief to God, and all affection to their Country, endeavoured to di- fhnb the peace of the Kingdom 5 that he was v\ illing, notwith - ftanding, to patdon all luch, as having made acknowledge- ment ot their cm urs , fhould return to their Houles, and live conformable to the Rites of the Catholick Church , and in o- bedience to the Laws ^ that therefore none of his Courts of Parliament fhould proceed in matters ot Religion, upon any manner of information for offences paft, but to provide by all fever iiy for the future agamfr. their committing of the like} and finally, that for reforming all abufes in Government, here- foived upon the calling of an Allembly, inwhich the Princes and moff Eminent Perfons of the Kingdom fhould confult to- gether •> the la d Allembly to be held at his Majelhes Palace of F cHntjin-bleaH on the 21 of Aitgnji then next following, and free leave to be therein granted to all manner of perfons, nt t onely to propound their grievances, but to ad vile on Ionic expedient for redrefs thereof. According unto which appoint- ment the Allembly holds, but neither the King ot Navar nor the Prince of Conde could be pcrfwaded to be prcfent \ bein^ both bent, as it appeared not Jong after, on lome further pro- tea*. 5 6 %$t ^iftojp of tt)e $jesbptetian& jecls. But it was ordered, that the Admiral Colligate, and hfs brother D' Andelot fhould attend the fervice, to the end that nothing fhould be there concluded without their privity , or to the prejudice of their Caufe. And that they might .the bet- ter ftrike a terrourinto the Heart of the King, whom they con- ceived to have been frighted to the calling of the prefent Af- fembly , the Admiral tenders a Petition in behalf of thofe of the reformed Religion in the Dukedom of Normandy , which they were ready to fubfcribe with one hundred and fifty thou- fand hands , if it were required. To which the Car>dinal of Lorrain as bravely anfwered, that if 150000 fediiious could be found in France to fubfcribe that paper, he doubted not but that there were a million of Loyal Subject, who would be rea- dy to encounter them, and oppofe their infolencies. 11. In this Afiembly it was ordered by the common confent, that for rectifying of abufes amongft the Clergy, a meeting fhould be held of Divines and Prelates , in which thofe difcords might be remedied, without innovating or difputing in matters of Faith j and that for fetling the affairs of the Kingdom, an AOembly of the three Eftates fhould be held at Orleance, in the beginning of October \ to which all perfons interefted were re- quired to come. All which the Hugonots imputed to the con- fternation which they had brought upon the Court by their former rifings , and the great fear which was conceived of fome new infurre&ions, if all things were not regulated and reformed according unto their defires, Which mifconceit fo wrought up- on the principal Leaders, that they refolved to make ufe of the prefent fears, by feizing on fuch Towns and places of confe- quence, as might enable them to defend both themfelves and their parties, againft all opponents. And to that end it wag conciuded,tbat the King of Na7jar mould feize upon all places in his way betwixt Beam and Orleance'-, that the City of Paris fhould be feized on by theheip of the Marfhal of Montmorency the Dukes Eldeft Son , who was Governour of it} that they fhould aflure themfelves of Picardy by the Lords of Tenepont and Bsuchavanne, and of Britain by the Duke of Efiawpes, who was powerful in it j that being thus fortified, well armed, and. better accompanied by the Hugonots ^hom they might prefume of, they fhould force the Airembly of the Eftates to depofe the Queen, remove the Guifes from the Government, declare the King to be in his minority till became to twenty twoyears of age, appoint the King of Navar, the Conftable, and the Prince of Condejox his Tutors andGovernours : which practice as it was confefled by Jaques de la Sague> one of the Servants of the King of Navar, who had been intercepted in his journey to him --, Co the confeffion was confirmed by fome Letters from the Vifdameof Cbartres which he had about him. But thisdifco- very being kept fecret, the Hugonots having taken courage from the firft confpiracie at Amboife> and the opeo profeffion of the Ad- - L i b. ii. Xt)c tyiftozp of tt)c pjcsbyttrians. Admiral, beg. in to raile fomc DCW COtMDOtioM in ill pirn < t the Kingdom ^ and lay iog a fide all obedience and rcl I of dm not onely made open refinance againft theMagil had directly taken arms in many placcs,and pra&ifcd to get into their hands fomc principal 1 owns, to which they might retire in times of danger : Amongft which none was more aimed at then the City of Lyons, a City of great Wealth and I n and where great numbers of the people were inclined to Calvmj DoCtrine , by reafon of their neer Neighbourhood to Gemi and the Protcftant Cantons. U pon this Town the Prince of (">-. had a plot, and was like to havt carried ir, though in the < it fell out contrary to his expectation , which forced him to withdraw himlelf to Eearn^ there to provide for the fecilrity of himfelfand his Brother. iq. Bill the King ot N.ivir , not being fo deeply intereftcd in thefe late defigns , i^ which his name had been made u(e of half againlr his will, could not io much diftruft himlclt and hi> perfbnal fafety, as not to put himfclf into a readinefs tor his journey to Orlcsnce. To which he could by no means perfwade the Prince, and was by him much laboured not to go in per Ton, till they were ccrritied that the King was fending Forces to letch them thence i which could not be without the wafting of the Country, nnd the betraying of themfclvcs untothol^. fufpicions which otherwife they might hope to clear. N > iooncr were they come to Orlesnte , but the Prince was arretted of high Treafon, committed ciofe Prifoncr with a Guard up . him, the cognizance of his Caufe appointed untocertain ne- gates, his Process formed, ami Sentence of death pronounced againlt him; which queftionlefs had been executed both on him and the King of Njvjry u ho was then alfo under a Guard, it the death of the young King had not intervened on the tilth of December, which put the Court into new Couniels, and pre* fcrved t heir lives. For the Queen wifely took, into conftdera* tion, that if thefe two Princes were deftroyed, there could no tit counterpoise for the Houfe of Gmfc s which pofftbly jht thereby be temped to revive the old pretention* ot the Houle ot Lorrjw, as the direct Heirs of ch.irtes the Gre* t . i which they could not have a better opportunity, then they had at the prcfent } the Elded of her three Sons not exceeding I years of age, none of them of a vigorous conttitution , and therefore the more likely to want Friends in their grcateltneed Upon th«tc appreheufions file fends fecretly for the King of V i- var, and came at la ft to this agreement, vi%. that dining the Minority of her fon King CbtrUt the Ninth, the Queen-mother fhouldbe declared Regent, and the King of Navjr Lord-Lieu- tenant of France'-, all Amplications from the Provinces to be made to the Lord Lieutenant } but all Amball'adorsand Letters of Negotiation from Forreign Princes to be preferred to I Queen*, that the Priuce of Conde, the Vifdamc of Chdrtrcsy with I ail 5 s %De $**W? of tl)e ^esbptetiansu l i b. n all other Prifoners of their party to be fet at liberty , and the fentepces of their condemnations to be fo declared null and voids fhat the Queen-Regent fliould make ufeof her power and intereft with the Catholick Ring, for reftoring to the King of Navar the entire poffeffion of that Kingdom , or at the ieaft the Kingdom of Sardinia as a recompence for it. And at laft it was alfo yeilded, though long firft, and publilhed by the E- dift of the 28 of January y That the Magijirates Jhould be order- ed to releafe all Prifoners committed for matters of Religion ^and to flop any manner of Inquisition appointed for that purpofe a- gamjl any p erf on whatfocver ? that they Jhould not fuffer any difputation in matters of Faiths nor permit particular perfons to revile one another with the namts of Heretick and Papift 5 but that all Jhould live together in peace , abjiainingfrom unlaw- ful AJfemblieS) or to raife f can dais or Sedition. 1561. I3' By this Edift the Dottrines of Calvin were fir ft counte- nanced in the Realm of France^ under the pretence of hindring the effufion of more Chriftian blood : which carryed an ap- pearance of much Chriftianity , though in plain truth it was to be afcribed to the Queens ambition, who could devife no other way to prefervehergreatnefs,and counterbalance the Authority of the Houfe of Guife. But the Hngonots not being content with a bare connivance, refolved to drive it on to a Toleration 5 and to drive it on in fuch a manner, and by fuch means onely by which they had extorted (as they thought) thefe firft con- ceffions. For thinking the Queen-Regent not to be in a conditi- on to deny them any thing, much lefs to call them into queftion for their future Actings 5 they prefently fell upon the open ex- ercife of their own Religion, and every where exceedingly in- creafed both in power and numbers. In confidence whereof, by publick Aflemblies, infolent Speeches, and other a&s the like unpleafing , they incurred the hatred and difdain of the Ca- tholick party 5 which put all places into tumult, and filled all the Provinces of the Kingdom with feditious rumours : fo that contrary to the intention of thofe that governed, and contrary to the common opinion , the remedy applyed to maintain the State, and preferve peace and concord in the Kings minority, fell out to be dangerous and deftru&ive, and upon the matter oc- cafioned all thofe diffentions which they hoped by fo much care to have prevented . For as the Cardinal informed the Council,the Hugonots were grow n by this connivance to fo great a height,that the Priefts were not fuffered to celebrate their daily Sacrifices, or to makeufe of their own Pulpits b that the Magiftrates were no longer obeyed in their jurifdicltionsi and that all places raged with difcords, burnings and (laughters, through the peevilh- nefs and prefumption of thofe , who affumed to themfelves a liberty of teaching and believing whatfoever they lifted. Up- on which points he fo enlarged himfelf with his wonted elo- quence, that neither the King of Navar 9 nor any other of that party lib. ii. xijc i)\ftony cf tljC pJCBbptCrulUS. t ! parry could make any Keply. And the QueCfl Mother alio E>eiDg lilent in it, it uras uiranimoully voted bv th( I Council, that all the Officers ot the Crowofhouh Parliament of rur/s on the thirteenth or July , there i i i bate in the Kings prcfeocc of all thefe pan , am! to folve upon fuch remedies ai were neccflary tor the I , which ti rite it was by general confent exprefly ord complaint nude of the infurre&ion of the liu^onoii in \ places, that nil the MiniUcrs Ihouhl forthwith be expclii | Kingdom) t ha r no manner of perfon Ihould from th< rth ufe any othct r\ites or Ceremonies in Religion , that wc 1 eld and taught by the Church of Kowe; and that all Affi blietof men ara unarmed Ihould be interdi&ed, i it were of Cath in Catholick Churches, for Divine] formances according to the ufual Cuftom. 14. The Admiral and the Prince of c^on.Ic finding t li- fe! ves unable to.crofs this Edidt, refolved upon another courfe to advance theit partie, and 10 that end encouraged the Gsl\ *f«st Minifters to petition tor a Difputation in the Kings pre- fencC) to be held between them and the Adverfariesoftkoir Religion. Which Difputation being propounded>wasoppoj by the Cardinal of 'lOHrnon-, upon a juit consideration of thole inconveniencies whi< ;ht follow on it '■> the rather, in regard of the General Council , ivenedat /Vvw, where they might fafcly both proppfc and difpute their opinions. But on the o- ther fide, the Cardinal of Lorrjin , being willing to imbrace the occafion for making a general Multerof his own Abilities, his fubtilty in Divinity, and his art or fpeaking, prevailed fo far upon the reft, that the ("uit was granted, and a Conference thereupon appointed to be held at ?oy\[ie , on the tenth day of Akguft, 1 5 I. At which time there aijcmbled for the Catholick party , the Cardinals ot Tcurnony Lorrjin , Rourbon, Arm.nn.iC and Gutfe , with many Bifhops and Prelates of great eft emi- Uencie, Lome Uutlors of the Sorbon , and many great Divines from the UoiverGties. The Difputants authorized tor the o- thcr lide were of like efteem, amongft tiiofe of their 1 .r- ry and perfwafions •-, as namely, Thee dor e Bc:.i, Peter Jddrijrs t'r.mch de St. raul, 'John Rdimomd, and ]*hn Vi%ellei with ma- in other Minifters from Gemex 1, Germs/tj 9 and others ot the Neighbouring Countries, l>ut the iclult of all was this, as com- monly it happeneth on the like occafions, that both parties chal- lenged to themfelves the V ittory in it, and b.tth indeed were victors infome rcfpe&s. For the King of Nsvsr appeared much unfarisfied by noting the differences of the Minifters amongft themlelvf., fomeof thea adhering to the Augniline s.\w<\ others to the Helvetia* Confetlion, in fome points of Doctrines which made him af:e .. re cordial to the intcreft of the Church Home, not\ ing all the arguments and infinuations d by his Wife, a mod /.calous Unganot, to withdaaw him I 3 60 %$t ^ittojp of t|)e ^esbptetian& l i b. h . from it. But the Hugonots gave cut on the other fide , that they had made good their Doctrines, convinced the Catholick Do&ors, confounded the Cardinal of Lorrain, and gotten Li- cenfe from the King to Preach. Which gave fuch courage to the reft of that Faction , that they began of their own Autho- rity to afTemble themfelves in fuch places as they thought moft convenient, and their Minifters to preach in puDlick, and their Preachings followed and frequented by fuch infinite mul- titudes j as well of the Nobility as the common People, that it was thought impoflible to fupprefs, and dangerous to difturb their Meetings. For fo it was, that if either the Magiftrates mo- lefted them in their Congregations, or theCatholicks attemped to drive them out of their Temples, without refpect to any Authority they put themfelves into Arms} and in the middle of a full Peace, was made a (hew of a moft terrible and deftructive War. 15. This being obferved by thofe which fate at the Helme, and finding that thefe tempefts were occafioned by the Edict of J»//, it was refolved to ftere their courfe by another winde. For the Queen being fetled in this Maximeof State, That ftie was not tofuffcr one Faction to deftroy the other, for fear fti2 fhould remain a prey to the Victor , not onely gave order tor conventing all the Parliaments to a Common -Council , but earneftly follicited for a Pacification > which gave beginning to the famous Edid of January , whereby it was granted , that the Hugonots fhould have the Freeexercile of their Reli- gion 5 that they might afTemble to hearing of Sermons in any- open place without their Cities, but oncondition that they went unarmed , and that theOfficers of the place were there alio pre- fent. Which Editr fo offended the chief Heads of the Catho- lick party, that a ftrict combination and confederacy was con- cluded on between the King of Navar , the Conftable, and the Duke of Cuife 9for maintenance of the Religion of the Church of Rome. And this reduced the Queen-Regent to the like ne- ceffity of making a ftrict. Union with the Admiral and the Prince of Conde, whereby (he was allured of the power of the Hugo- nots^ and they became as confident of her Protection. In which condition they were able to form their Churches, to caft them into Provinces, ClaiTes,and other fubdivifions of a lefs capacity } to fettle in them their Presbyteries and Synodical Meetings, grounded according to their Rules of Calvins Platform, in Do- ctrine, Difcipline and Worfhip. The Forms whereof being difcribed at large in the former Book, may there be found with- out the trouble of a repetition. In fo much, that it was certi- fied to the Fathers in the Council of Trent ', that the French Hu- gonots were at that time diftributed into two thoufand one hundred and fifty Churches, each of them furniflied with their proper and peculiar Preachers, according to a juft computa- tion which was taken of them : which computation was then L ' b. ii. Xljc tyftojp of il;e p:csljy tenant then made, to fatisfie the Queen • Resent in the- (h i of that party, for which flic could nor other wife d i c\ iclf , unlels Ihc were liilr made acquainted with their -po.vcr and numbers. But being fatisfied in rhofe points, Hi to ihew her (elf much inclined to c jlvtrnj'm, gave ear unto tl Difcourfcs of the Miniircrs in her private Chamber, conferred familiarly with the Prince, the Admiral , and many otheri in matters which concerned their Churches, and dually, (o difguil ,1 her felf, that the Pope wat not able to difcover at wh.it port the aimed. For fometimei (he would write unto htm for (u h a Council as by the C ' ,ilvini*tts was delircd , at Other timci tot a national one to be held in Frdmc$ ) tbmetioies defiring that the Communion might be adminiltred tinder both kindes , o- t her while requiring a Difpenfation forPriefts to Many •-, n fotliciting that Divine Service might be faid in the vulgai tongue, then proposing (uch other like things at werevi and preached tor by the Hngonats. By which diffimulation amuied the World , but gave withal fo many notable advan- tages to the Reformation, that nexr to God (be was the prin pal promoter and advaucer ot it ^ though this prof proved thecaule ofthofe many miferies which afterwards cd upon it. 16. For by this means the Preachers having free ai into the Court, became exceedingly refpected in the City ol where in fhort time their followers did increaie to fo great t multitude, as put the Piincc of Condc into fuch a confidei that he allumed unto himftlf the managery ot all great affaii Which courle fo vi.ibly tended to the diminution oi. the K Nuvar, that he refolved by (rrong hand to remove him from Paris. And to that end, directed both his Meflages and his Letters to the Duke of Guife, to come in to help him. 'I Duke was then at jMtmvifle in the Province of Cbamp*ig*et*nd happened in his way upon a Village called I 4 ej3 where the Hugonots were aiicmbled in great numbers to hear a Sermon. \ fcuffle unhappily is 6egun between lome of the Dukes Foot- men, and not a few of the more unadvifed and adventur Hugonots: which the Duke coming to part, was hit with blow of a ftone upon one of his Cheeks, which forced him withthelofs ol fome blood to retire again. Provoked with which indignity, his Followers bung two Companies ot L in charge in upon them with their Fire-locks , kill lixty of rh in the place, and force t r for prefcrvatioo of I eir Ii into feveral houles. This accident is by the Hm&6n§tt given out to be a matter of defign , the execution done upon thofe (i perfons, mult be called 1 Maflacrej and in revenge there *r, the Kingdom fliall be filled with Blood and Rapine, Altars and Images defaced , Monaftcries mined and pulled down, and Churches bruitilhly polluted. The C^ieen had fo long ju... between both parties, that nov/ it was not fafe for bef to ire ' 6 2 %ty $ttto# of etje #jesbptettan& l i b. ii. clare for either. Upon which ground (he removed the Court to Fountairt-bleau, and left them to play their own Games , as the Dice mould run : The prefence of the King was looked up- on as a matter of great importance, and either party laboured to get him into their power. The City of Orleance more efpe- cially was aimed at by the Prince of Conde , as lying in the heart oi the Kingdom, rich, large and populous, fufficiently in- clined to novelty and innovations, and therefore thought the fitteft Stage for his future Actings. Being thus refolved, he firft fends D' Andelot with fome Forces to poflefs the Town, and pofts himfelf towards Fonntain-Blean with three thoufand Horfe. But the Catholick Confederates had been there before him , and brought the King off fafely to his City of Paris; which being fignified to the Prince as he was on his way, he di- verts toward Orleance , and came thither in a luckie hour to relieve his Friends : which having feizedupon one of the Gates, and thereby got poffeffion of that part of the City, was in ap- parent danger to be utterly broken by the Catholick party, if the Prince had not come fo opportunely to renew the fight : but bv his coming they prevailed, made themfelves Matters of the City, and handfelled their new Government with the fpoil of all the Churches and Religious Houfes, which either they de- faced, or laid wafte and defolate. Amongft which, none was tiled more courfely then the Church of St. Crojfe, being the Ca- thedral of that City b not fo much out of a dilliketo all Cathe- drals (though that had been fufficient to expofe it unto Spoil and Rapine) as out of hatred to the name. Upon which furi- ous piece of Zeal, they afterwards deftroyed all the little Crofles which they fo.und in the way between Mont - Martyr and St. Denis , firft raifed in memory of /)«»»• the firft Biihop of Faris3 and one that pafleth in account for the chief Apoftle of the Callic\ Natiotis. 17. But to proceed : to put fome (air colour upon this foul action, a Manifeji is wric and publifhed } in which the Prince and his adherents fignifie to all whom it might concern, that they had taken arms for no other reafon, but to reftore the King and Queen to their perfonal liberty, kept Prifoners by the power and practice of the Catholick Lords 5 that obedience might be rendred in all places to his Majefties Edicts, which by the violence of fome men had been infringed 5 and therefore that they were willing to lay down Arms, if the Conftable, the Duke of Guife , and the Marfhal of St. Andrews fhouid retire from Paris, leaving the King and Queen to their owndifpofingj and that liberty of Religion might be equally tolerated and maintained unto all alike. Thefe falfe Colours were wiped off by a likeRemonftrance made by the Parliament of Paris: In which it was declared amongft other things, that the Hugonots had firft broke thofe Edicts by going armed to their Aflemblies, and without an Officer, That they had no pretence to excufe them- l r b. u. %\)t tyiftojp of tVs $;estytetiait& thcmfelves from the crime of rebellion, confidcring they had openly feized on many Towns, railed SouIdicrty ailumed the Munition of the Kingdom, caft many pieces of Ordnance and Artiilery , ailumed unco theimclves tlie Coyning of Money j and in a word, that they have waded a great part or the pub- Jick Revenues, robbed all the rich Churches within their pow- er, and defrroyed the reft, to the difhonour of (:od , th- lcandal of Religion, and the impovcrifhing of the Realm. The like anfwer was made alio by the Conftable and the Duke Gnife in their own behalf, declaring in the fame, that ihej WCK willing to retire, and put thcmlelvcs into voluntary cxi upon condition that the Anns taken up agtinli the King might be quite laid down, the places kept againfr. him delivered up, the Churches which were ruined tefroied again , the Catholi Religion honourably preferved, and an int ire obedience rend red to the lawtul King, under the Government of the King ol \'u- var} and the Regencic of the Queen his Mother. Nor were the King and Queen wanting to make up the breach, by pub- Jilhing that they were free from all reft taint, and that the Carholick Lords had but done their duty in waiting on them into Paris s that U:\cc the Catholick Lords were willing to retire from Court , the Prince of Conde had no rcalbn to re- main at that diifance j that therefore he and his adherents ought to put thcmfelves, together with the places which they had poll died , into the obedience of the King s which if they did , they fhould not onely have their feveral and rc- fpeftive Pardons for all matters paft, but be from thenceforth looked upon as his Loyal Subjects , without the leuft diminuti- on of State or honour. 18. Thefe P.' per- pellets being thus fpent , both fides pre- pare more furiouQy tocharge each other. But fir ft the Prince of Conde, by the aid or the Hugonots, makes himfelf Matter of the great Towns and Cties of chief importance j fuch as were Ronen, the Parliamentary City of the Dukedom of Normandy ^ the Ports of Diepe and New-haven 5 the Cities of Amgiert^ Towrcf, E lot '•/ t, Vend ofme, Boxrger and Poicfiersj which lalt were reckoned for the greateft of all the Kingdom, except ft par eat and Parts •■> after which followed the rich City of Lyons, with that of Valence in the Province of Dauijhiny , together with almoft all the ftrong places in Gafcoigne and Langttcdocl^, Provinces in a manner wholly HHconot, except iboloufe, Bourdcanx, and per- haps tome others. But becaulc neither the Contributions which came in from the Hugonott, though they were very large, nor the Ipoil and pillage of thole Cities which they tcok by force, were of themlelves fufficicnt to maintain the War \ the Prince or Conde caufed all the Gold and Silver in the Churches to be brought unto him, which he coyned into Money. They made provifion of all manner of Artillery and Ammunition which they took from mod of the Towns , and laid up in Orleans, turning <54 5Ct)e ^itts# of t|)e #jesbptetian& l i b. ii. turning the Covent of the Francifcans into a Magazine , and there difpofing all their ftores with great art and induftry. The Catholicks on the other fide drew their Forces together, con- fining of 4000 Horfe and fix thoufand Foot, moft of them old experienced Souldiers,and trained up in the War againft Charier the Fifth. The Prince had raifed an Army of an equal num- ber, that istofay., three thoufand Horfe, and feven thoufand Foot, but, for the moft part, raw and young Souldiers, and fuch as fcarcely knew how to frand to their Arms: And yen with, thefe weak Forces he was grown fo high , that nothing would content him but the banifhment of the Conftable, the Cardinal of Lorrain, and the Duke of Guife ■> free iiberty for the Hugonots to meet together for the Exercife of their Reli- gion in walled Towns -, Cities and Churchea to be publickly appointed for them} the holding cf the Towns which he was prefently pofreffedof as their abfolute Lord, till the King were out of his Minority, which was tolaft till hecame tothe age of two and twenty. He required alfo that the Popes Legate mould be prefently commanded to leave the Kingdom 5 that the Hugonots fhouid be capable of all Honours and Offices 5 and finally, that fecurity fhould be given by the Emperour, theCa- tholick King, the Queen of England, the State of Venice, the Duke of Savoy, and the Republick of the Sn>itzer/3by which they were to frand obliged, that neither the Conftable nor the Duke of Guife fhould return into France, till the King was come unto the age before remembred. 19. Thefe violent demands fo incenfed all thofe which had the Government of the State, that the Prince and his Adherents were proclaimed Traytors, and as fuch to be profecuted in a courfe of Law, if they laid not down their Arms by a day ap- pointed. Which did as little benefit them, as the propofals of the Prince had pleafed the others. For thereupon the Hugonots united themfelves more ftrictly into a Confederacie to deliver the King, the Queen, the Kingdom , from the violence of their oppofites $ to (land to one another in the defence of the Edicls^ and altogether to fubmittothe Authority of the Prince of Conde, as the head of their Union : publishing a tedious Declaration with their wonted confidence, touching the motives which in- duced them to this Combination. This more eftranged the Queen from them then fhe was at firft, and now (he is refolved to break them by fome means or other, but rather to attempt it by Wit then by Force of Arms : And to this end (he deals fo dexteroufly with the Conftable and the Duke of Guife , that (he prevailed with them to leave the Court , and to prefer the common fafety of their Country before their own particu- lar and perfonal greatnefs: which being fignified by Letters to the Prince of Conde), he frankly offered under his hand, that whenfoever thefe great Adverfaries of his were retired from the Court (which he conceived a matter of impoflibility to per- fwade l i b. n. xtK oiftoip of tt)c i&rsDptmans. perfwade them to) he would not oncly I.iy down Arms, but quit the Kingdom. But undemanding th.tr the I . table and lot Duke had really withdrawn themlelves to thcii Country houfes}devefted of all powcrborh in Court and Council,hefto d confounded at the unadvifedncls and precipitin- not in rath a promife as he had made unto the Queen. For it appeatcd difhonourable to him not to keep bis word, more dangeroui I » rclinquilh li is command in the Army, but mofr defti tulivc to him- felf and bis party to diffblve their Forces , and put himfclf in- to a voluntary exile, not knowing whither to retreat. Atwhi h dead lift he is refrefhed by fame of his Ctlvinitu Preachers with a Cordial comfort. By which learned Cifuifts it WJ i - folved for good Divinity, thatthe Prince having undertaken the maintenance of thole who had imbraced the purity or" Re- ligion, and made himlelf by Oath Protector of the Word ot Cod, no following obligation could be of force to make him violate the litlr. In which determining of the Cafe, they kern- ed to have been guided by that Note in the Englifh Bibles, tran- flated and printed at Geneva^ where in the Margine to the fe- cond Chapter of St. Alt t thews. Gofpel, it is thus advertifed : viz. That promife ought not to be l{cpt , rchen Cods honour ivj thi frt*ching of the Truth is hindrtd } or fife it ou-ht n,H to be broken. They added, to make lure work of it (at the 1. they thought fo) that the Queen had broken a former promife to the Prince, in not bringing the King over to his partj fhe once allured him •> and therefore that he was not bound to ke< p faith with her, who had broke her own. 20 But this Divinity did not feem fufficient to prcfei ve hi ho- nour 5 another temperament was found by fome wiler heads, by which he might both keep his promife, and not leav:: his Army. By whole advice it was relolved, that he fbould pur. himlelf into the power of the Queen 3 who v...: come within (ix Miles of him with a fmall retinue, oncly of purpofc to rec ivc him ; that having done his duty to her, he lb >uld exprefs his readinels toforfake the Kingdom, as foon as fome Accord was fcttLd} and that the Admiral, D* Andelot t and fome other of the principal I eaders, Ihould on thefudden Ihew themfelv , forcibly mount him on his Hcrfe, and brin » him hack into the Army. Which Lay-device, whether it h.id more cunning or lefs honed y then that of the Cabal of Divines, it is hard to uy : But fure it is , that it was put in execution accordingly \ the Queen thereby deluded, and all the hopes of Peace and \ c >m- mod.ition made void and frullrate. but then a greater difficul- ty lei zed upon them. The King had re-inforeed his Army b ; the accelTion of ten Cornets of German llorfe, and (il thou ("and Swiiz, The Princes Army rather duninilTied then increafed, and, whu h was worfe, he wanted Money to maintain thole Forces which he had about him } fo that being neither able to keep the Field for want of men, nor keep fm men together tor K waru 6 6 %$z ^ifio$ of tije $iwtyttt\m$. l i b. h. wane of Money , it was refolved that he mud keep his men upon free-quarter in fuch Towns and Cities as followed the Fortune of his fide, till he was feconded by fome ftrength from England, or their Friends in Germany. The Queen of England had been dealt with ■-, but (he refolved not to engage on their behalf except the Port of Havre -de-gr ace , together with the Town of Diepe were put into her hands , and that (he might have leave to put a Garrifon of Englifh into Rouen it felf. Which Proportion feemed no other to moff knowing men, then in effect to put into her power the whole Dukedom of Norman- dy, by giving her pofleffion of the principal City, and hang- ing at her Girdle the two Keys of the Province , by which (lie might enter when (he pleafed with all the reft of her Forces. But then the Minifters being advifed with, who in all publick Confultations were of great Authority ,efpecially when they related unto Cafes of Conscience} it was by them de- clared for found Doftrine , That no confederation was to be had of worldly things , when the maintenance of Cceleftial Truths, and the propagation of the Gofpel was brought inque- ftion^and therefore that all other things were to be contemned, in reference to the eftablifhment of true tveligion, and the free- dom of Confcience. According to which notable determinati- on, the Senefchal of Rouen, and the young Vifdame oiChartres are difpatched to England j with whom it was accorded by the Queens Commiflioners , that the Queen fhould prefently fupply the Prince and his Confederates with Monies, Arms and Ammunition $ that (he (hould aid him with an Army of eight thoufand Foot, to be maintained at her own pay, for defence of Normandy , and that for her fecurity, in the way of caution, the Town of New haven, (whichtheFrench call Havre degrace,as is before faid)fhould be forthwith put into her hands, under a Go- vernouror Commander of the Englifh Nation 5 that (hefhould place a Garrifon of two thoufand Englijl) in the City of Rouen, and a proportionable number in the Town of Diepe } but the Chief Governours of each to be natural French. Which Co- venants were accordingly performed on both fides, to the difho- nour of the French, and the great damage and reproach of the Fvealm of England, as it after proved. For fo it was, that the Prince of Conde being forced to difperfe his Souldiers, and to difpofe of them in fuch manner as before was noted, the King being Matter of the Field, carryed the War from Town to Town, and from place to places and in that courfehe fpeeds fo well, as to take in the Cities of Angiert,Tours,Bloife, Poitfiers, and Bourges , with divers others of lefs note 5 fome of which were furrended upon compofition, fome taken by afTault, and expofed to fpoil. And now all palTages being cleared , and all rubs removed, they were upon the point of laying Siegeto t he City of Orleance, when at the Queens earneft follicitati- on , they changed that purpofe for the more profitable expe- dition L i b. u. Hl)c tyifttw of tijc i&cstytcnaus. .—— _ dirion to the King and Kingdom. Utrmsnd) wit io DO fn i danger of being wiltully betray ed into the bands of the / i who therefore were to be removed , or at the lead to ! pulfed out of KoHi.n before the Kings Army w.b contained in Anions of inferiour coofequence. I he ill ue ot which VVar was this, That though r Ii c- Bmgiijb did bravefervice for defence ot rhe City, and made many gallant attempts fir relief thereof by their men rod {kipping from Nfw-h.iwn ■-, yet in the cud the Town was taken by a ilault , and fort WO elayt, to made a prey to the- Souldieis. The joy of the lloyaiilu for t >ic reduction of this great City to the Kings obedience, much abated by the death ot the- King ot Xavar, who had nn« fortunately received his deaths wound in the hear <.t the Seij and dyed in the forty fourth year ol his age, leaving behind bioi )oung Son called Hemrj9vfho afterward fuccerdedio theCrowa uk' France. And on the- contrary, the (orrow tor this double I was much diminifhed in the Prince of Condt and the iclt of his party, b\ the feafonablc coming of four thoufjnd Horfe and five thouland Foot, which Mpwfcur I' Andelot with great indultry had railed in Germany , and with IS great courage an J good fortune had conducted fafely to the Prince. 22. By the acceftion of thefe forces, t!ie Hagonots arc in- couraged to attempt the furpri/.ing of farjf^trom which they were difiwaded by the Admiral , bur eagerly inflamed to that under- taking by the continual importunity of luch Preachers as they had about them, rvepulfcd from which with lofs both ot tin and honour, they were encountred in a fee battel near theC ty of Drcxx, in the neighbouring Province of L t BeMnJfe, In which battel their iv hole Army vvas overthrown, and the Prince of Condc taken prifoner } but his captivity fvvcetned by the J. misfortune which betel the Conftable, took prifoner in the lame battel by the hands of the Admiral } who having drawn toge- ther the- remainder of his broken Army, retires tou r- le.inct, and leaving there his Brother D' Andclot with the Foot to make good that City, takes with him all the German Horfe, and Co goes for Normandy, there to receive fuch Monies as were lent from Fn^lan I. But the Monies nor. coming ar the tune, by realon of crols windes and tempefrucus weather, the G* rmgmi are permitted to fpoil and plunder io all rhe parti of the Coun- try, not (paring places either Profane or Sacred, and reckoning no dilritution either betwixt Friends or Enemies but in ihorc time the Seas grew pa (Table, and the Monies cameras huudred and fifty thouland Crowns according to the Frcoch account) together with fourteen pieces of Cannon, and a proportionable flock of Ammunition , by whrch fupply the Germans were not onely well paid tor fpoiling the Country , but the Admiral was thereby inabledto do fome good fervice, from which he had been hindred for want of Cannon. In the mean time the Duke of Gttifc had laid Siege to oAcance, and had reduced ic K a io 68 %$t ^tfto# of tf)e #jesbpterian& l i *. um in a manner to terms of yeilding, where he was vilianoufly mur- dred by one Poltrot^ Gentleman of a good Family and a rea- dy Wit 5 who having lived many years in* Spain , and after- ward irrbracing the Calvinian Dottrines, grew into great e- lleem with ]Beza and the reft of the Confiftorians , by whom ic was thought fit to execute any great Attempt. By whom com- mended to the Admiral , and by the Admiral excited to a work of fo much merit, he. puts himfelf without much fcru- ple on the undertaking } entreth on the Kings fervice, and by degrees became well known unto the Duke. Into whofe fa- vour he fo far infinuated,that he could have acceCs to him whenfoever hepleafed ^ and having gained a -fit opportunity to effect his purpofe , difpatched him by the (hot of a Musket laden with no fewer then three bullets, in the way to his lodging. # 23. This murder was committed on Feb. 24. an. 1562. and be- ing put to the Rack, he on the Rack confefled upon what in* centives he had done the fad. But more particularly he aver- red, that by the Admirallhe was promifed great rewards, and that he was allured by Bcza, that by taking out of the world fuch a great perfecutor of the Gofpel, he could not but exceedingly merit at the hands of Almighty God. And though both Beza and the Admiral endeavoured by their Manifcfts and Declarati- ons to wipe off this ftain j yet the confeffion of the murtherer, who could have no other ends in it then to fpeak his confcience, left moft men better fatisfied in it, then by both their writings. But as it is an ill wind which blows no body good, fo the Allaf- finate of this great perfon5 though very grievous to his friends, ferved for an fntrodu&ion to the peace enfuing. For he being taken out of the way, theAdmirall engaged in Normandy^ the ConftablePrifonerin the City, and the Prince of Conde'm the Camp $ it was no hard matter for the Queentocdncludea peace upon fuch terms, as might be equall to all parties. By which ac- cord it was concluded, that all that were free Barons in the Lands and Caftles which they were poiieiTed of, or held them of no other Lord then the King himfelf, might freely exercife the Reformed Religion in their own jurifdi&iom 5 and that the other which had not fuch Dominions might doe the fame in their own Houfes and Families only, provided that they did not the famein Towns and Cities : that in every Province certain Ci- ties fhould be affigned, in the Suburbs whereof the Hugonots might have the free exercife of their Religion : that in theCity of Park-> and in all other Towns and places whatsoever, where the Court refided, no other Religion fhould be exercifed but the Roman Carholick ^though inthofe Cities every man might privately enjoy his confcience without moleftation : that thole of the Reformed Religion fhould obferve the Holy Days ap- pointed in the Roman Kalendar, and in their Marriages the Kites and Conftitutions of the Civil Law *> and finally, that a ge- neral l ; ^. u. %ty i)\ilon> of tt)c pjrsuptcnans. neral pardon fhou Id be granted to all manner of pcrfons, v.iih a lull rcftitution to their Landi and Liberties, i Honoi Offices and Eftates. Which mod crarioa or reftri nonol the E li r of jfjaaart, did much difpJeafe fome zea HMgamott, but rheii Preachers moQ*j who as they Loved to excrcife their gifts in the greateft Auditories, fo they abominated nothing more tbenthofe :r ranees. er this followed the reduction of Nem»kdvem to the '5 Y Crown of Fra»fe, and t he expulfion of the" Englrjbx a I ...r- tmndy s the Prince of Cort.le, and fomc other leading men of the lim\onot fadion, contributing both their prefence and al- fiftance to it) which had not been To eafily done, had not God fought more agaiaft ihc Eftglijh, then the whole Fremeb Arn.'n for by crofs winds it did nut only hinder all fupp'yt :n- ing to them, till thefurrendry of the Town) but battened tl furrenderby a grievous Peftilence, which had extrearnly wafted thcinin re l pea or nun bcr,and mifer.ibly dejected them in poi or courage. And yet the anger of God did not (ray hercnei thcr, that Plague being carried into England at the return of the Soldiers, which raged extreamly both in London and pairs of the bVealme, beyond the precedent and example of for- merages. It was on the 17 ofjulj, an. 1503, that Nor <'. 1 was yielded to the t rcnchi that being the la It day of the fir ft war which was railed by the Unknots, and railed by them on no ether ground, but for extorting the free exercife of t h c ; r h ligionby force ot Arms, according to the docfriueand example ot the Mother-City. In the purfuit whereof, they did nor with their own bandi ruinate and deface the beauty of their na- tive Country* but gave it over for a prey to the lull of S • in* gcrs. The calling in of the Hngl/Jfj to fupport their faction^ whom they knew well tobethe antient enemies ot the Crown off rancc, and putting into their hands the chiet lrrengrh ol N«r- MMM /_>, of whole pretenfionsto that Dukedome they could not be ignorant) were, two inch actions of a difloyal imp< lit: lure, as no pretence of zeal to that which r hey called the Gof- pel, could eithet qualifie or excufe. N t was the bringing in o*f fo many ch . SGcrmm Souldiers of much better condition, who t . they could pretend no title to the CrownofJ 1 in r to my partic t la r Province in ir,were otherwifemt . dive to the p of thatCountry, and created far more mif- chief to* the people of it, then all 1 he forces of th lijb s > being to be ma ntained 01 ly of the Hmgonots^ and the \iu- nois not being able to fatisfte their exorbitant Arrears, I re fuffered to wafte the Country in ah parti where they can-. and to cxpofe the whole Kingdom, from the Very border! ot it toward Germany, to the F.ngltjh Chanel 1 , unto Ipoyle andri- pine '■> fothat between the Hugonoti themfelvcs on the one lid and thefe German Souldiers on the other , there wa-> nothing to fcen in molt parts of the Kingdom, but the deftruction <>t Chur- yo %ty ^iftc^ of tye #tfSbptetiatt& Lib. h. Churches, the profanation of Altars, the defacing of Images, the demolifhingof Monafteries, the burning of Religious Houfes, and even the digging up of the bones of the deadjdefpitefully thrown aboutthe fields and unhallowed places. 1566. 25. But this firft fire was only raked up in the Embers, not fo extinguiihed by the Articles of the late agreement, bnr that h broke out fhorrly into open flames ; for the Hugonots prefling hard for the performance of the Edidt of January, and the Ro- manics as tarneftly* inflating on fome claules or the pacification; the whole Realm was filled in a manner with fuch fears and jealoufies, ascarryed fome refemblance of a War in the midft of Peace. The Hugonots had fome thoughts of furprifing Ly- «>*/,butthe Plot mifcarryed : they praciifed alfo upon Narbonne} a chief City of Languedoc^ and openly attempted the Popes Town of Avignion ; but were prevented in the one, and fup- preffed in the other. A greater diffidence was raifed againft them by the unfeafonable Zeal of the Queen of Navar, who not content with fetling the reformed Religion in the Country of Berne, when lhe was abfolute and fupreaie, fuffered the Ca- tholicks to be infefted in her own Provinces which fhe held im- mediately of the Crown; infomuch that at V amiers the chief City of the Earldom of Foix, the Hugonots taking offence at a folemn Proceflion held upon Corpus Chriftiday , betook them- felvesprefently toArms;and falling upon thofe whom tbey found unarmed, not onely made a great flaughter amongft the Church- men, but in the heat of the fame fury burnt down their Houfes. Which outrage being fuffered to pafs unpunifhed, gavebothen- couragement and example to fome furious Zealots to commit the like in other places, as namely at Montaban, Cation, Roaez, Vreieux, Valence, <&c. being all fcituate in thofe Provinces in which the Hugonots were predominant for power and number. But that which moft alarmed the Court, was a feditious Pam- phlet, published by a Native of Orleance ; in which it was main- tained(according to the C<*/z>/»/<*#Do6rrines)thatthe people of France were abfolved from their Allegiance to the King then Reigning, becaufe he was turned an Idolater. In which rea- fon it is lawful alfo to kill him,as opportunity Ihould be offered. Which Doctrine being very agreeable unto (ome defigns which were then every where in agitation amongft the Hugonots, was afterward made ufeoffor the juftifying of the following Wars, when the opinion grew more general, and more openly main- tained both fromPrefs and Pulpit. 1567. ?^* The Catholicks on the other fide began to put them- felves into a pofture of Arms , without fo much as taking no- tice of thofe mifdemeanois ; which they feemed willing to con- nive at, not fo much out of any inclinations which they had in themfelves, but becaufe they found it not agreeable to the will of the Court, where fuch diflimulations were efteemedthe beft attsof Government. The Catholick King hadfent the Duke of i b. 1 1. %l)t tyftoiy of ti)c pjcslwtrn ans. of «l/tM with a punlaiu Army, to reduce the L.OW C lUDtl obedience, where the Cdluimidnr had commitl d ai and lv.aj.ines ai any w ■litre in Ffsmce or Scotltu I hi being to pafi in a long march near the Borders of irtn. •, ajult colour rothe King to arm hin.leli ) tor fear kit' the Sptniards might f J< t their errand, and tall with all their Forces into his Dominions. To this end he order fot a Levy of fix thonl iml sivnz , which he caufed to bee 'd through the heart oil the Kingdom. red them in the 1 lie ot" trjocc, IS if they were to fcrve, to a Guard tor ?Ml far enough off trom any of thofe parti and Provinces by whi the sp.im.irds were to paft. But this gave fuch a jealou fie I the heads of the Hu£onotry that they retorted to CbajUUiom to confult uith the Admiral. By < advice ic was refolved, that they mutt get the K \i . n into their power , and make fuch ufe of both their names, as i ttholicks had ma< of them in the former War. I h;s to be done upon the fudden, before the opening of a War, by the railing of Forces, Q render the turpri/.c impofiible, and defeat their pu I King and Queen lay then at Alonccux^n Houfeof plcafure with- in the Territory of Brie in Cbsmptigme , not fearing any ; Icaft danger in a time of peace, and having the Switz near e- nough to fecure their perfons againft any fecret Machinatii And thereupon it was contrived, that as many Horle as they could raite in fevcral places, mould draw together at finfjjt,w)t tar from Monceux^ on the 27 of September :, that they mould I furprize the King, the Queen , and her younger Sons, and then tall in upon the Siritz, who being quartered in leveral plac ami fulpciting nothing lefs then the prefent danger, might very eafily be routed} and that being done, they Ihould pod thenilelvcs of Varis , and from thence ill ue out all Mand which concerned the Government both of Church and State. Some Hugonott which afterwards were took in Gafcoine, and the Maiihal of Monluck were expofed to torture, are laid to have confefled upon the Rack, that it was really intended to kill the King , together with the Queen and the two young l'rinces^ and having focut off the whole Koyal Line, to fet I Crown upon the head of the Prince of Conde. But Charity and Chrifl .'link the contrary , and to efteem of this report as aPopifhCa , devifed of porpofe to create 1 greater hatred again ft th thofe War . 27. But whether Jt were true: or not, certain it is, that the de« lign was- carry ed with fuch care and clofenefs, that the Queen had hardly time enough to retire to Meux, a little 'I own tWC Leagues from P./r//, before the whole Body of the Hugoiots ap- peared in fight) from whence they were with no lefs difficulty conducted by the Switz (.whom they had fuddcnly drawn to thcr) to the Wall* of Vans; the SwitX, being charged U| the way by no fewer then eleven hundred Horfe, and b' AwdtUi \ 1 7 2 %$t i?ittC2? of tlje ^esbptettaus* l i b. if. in the head of one of the parties } but gallantly making good their March, and ferving to the King and the Royal Family for a Tower or Fortrefs } no fooner were they come to Paris, but the Uugonots take a refolution to befiege the City before the Kings Forces could afTemble to relieve the fame. To which end they pofTefled themfelves of all the paiTes upon the River by which provifions came into it,and burned down all the Wind- mills about the Town, which otherwife might fer ve for the grind- ing of fuch Corn af was then within it. No better way could be de- viled to break this blow, then to entertain them with a Parley for an accommodation, not without giving them fome hope of yeild- ingunto any conditions which could be reasonably required. But the Hugonots were fo exorbitant in their demands, that nothing would content them, but the removing of the Queen from publick Government $ the prefent disbanding of the Kings Forces 5 the fending of all ftrangersout of the Kingdom 5 a punctual execu- tion of the Kings Edict of January 5 liberty for their Minifters to Preach in all places, even in Paris it felf 5 and finally, that Calice, Afetz, and Havre-de-grace might be configned unto them for Towns of caution} but in plain truth, to ferve them for the bringing in of the Englijb and Germans when their occafion fo required. The Treaty notwithftanding was continued by the Qiieen with great dexterity, till the King had drawn toge- ther fixteen thoufand men, with whom the Conftable gives bat- tel to the Enemy on the 10 of November, compels them to diflodge, makes himfelf matter of the Field, but dyed the next day after, in the eightieth year of his age , having received his deaths wound from the hands ot a Srvitz,, who mod; un- manfully (hot him when he was not in condition to make any refinance. 1568. 28. In the mean time the City of Orleance was furprifed by the Hugonots, with many places of great importance in mofl parts of the Realm} which ferving rather todiftraft then increafe their Forces, they were neceflitated to fee k out for fome For- raign aid. Not having confidence enough to apply them- felves to the Queen of England, whom in the bufinefs of Nev~ haven they had fo betrayed, they fend their Agents to follicite the Elector Palatine, and prevailed with him for an Army of fe- ven thoufand Horfe,and four thoufand Foot, to which the mi- ferable Country 13 again expofed. Encouraged with which great fupplies , they laid Siege to chartres, the principal City of La Leave , the lofs whereof muft of neceffity have fub- jefted the P ar 1 ft an s to the laft extremities. The chief Com- manders in the Kings Army were exceeding earned to have gi- ven them battel, thereby to force them from the Siege. But the Queen not willing to venture the whole State of the King- dom upon one caft of the Dice, efpecially againft fuch defpe- rate Gamefters who had nothing to lofe but that which they carryed in their hands, fo plyed them with new Offers for accom- 1. 1 b. H. mjc i)iftojp of tt)c pjcstytmans. : ■ pimnodation, th.it her conditions were accepted, and the Get* marts once again disbanded, and lent back to their Country. 1 )u« ring which broy Is, the Town ot Roebtt (trongly fcituated ona bay of the Ocean, had declared for the Rwgomett} and as it feems had gone To far, that they had left themfelves no way to r- trrar. And therefore when mou: other places had fubmitted t ite Accord, the HochdJcrs were refolved to fraud it our a id m ithcr to admit a Garrifon,nor tofubmittoany Governourol th \ Kii a ppoiot ment \ in which rebellious obflinacy thej continue : - >uc fixtv yearijtheTown being worthily efteemed tor the fa jfr in- cluary,to which the H*g»noii retired in all times of danger, and moft commodious for the letting in of a forraign army, when they found aoy ready to befriend them in that caufeaod quarrel. The (landing out or which Town infuchobftinate manni r, n >: only encouraged many othersto doe the like, but by thefame thereofdrew thitherboth the Admiral a.n<.\ the Prince or Co»det with many other Gentlemen of the Hugonot Fadtioo, t Ji :rc to confult about renewing or the war which they were refolved o I. To whom repaired the Qjcen of .V iv.tnc with the Prince It rr Sou, then being but fifteen years of age, whom (he defired to train up in that holy war, upon an hopethat be might one day come to be the head of that party, as he after was. And here being met, they publifhfrotn hence two fevcral &4Mttifeft*$onc\athciiai} e t all the llu^ouots in general, the other in the name of that Q iceu alone; both tending to the fame etfect, that isto fay, the putting of fomc fpecious colour upon their defefti >n, and to ife the breaking of the peace dtablilhed, by the necctiity ot a war re. 29. Thisrapturefo incenfed the Ming and his Council, lhac they refolved no longer to mike ufc ot Inch gentle medicines as Jiad beet) tormerly applyed in the like di (tempers \ which refolu- tionwas the parent of that terrible Edid by which the King d >th firft revoke all the former Ed ids which had been mule during 1 is minority in favour ot the Reformed Religion \ nullifying m >rc particularly the la it capitulations, madeooly in theway or* r> <- virion to redrefsthofemifchiefs for which no other courfe could be then refolved on. And that being done, it was ordained and commanded, ' That the cxercite of any other lie! igton then the 1 Roman Catholick fever obferved by him and the King his Pre* ' decefTors) (bould be prohibited, and exprefly forbidden, and c interdicted in all places of the Kingdom) baniihed all the C.il- *9imifi Minifters and Preachers out of all the Towns and c under his Dominion, and within fifteen days upon painof death * to avoid the Realm '■> pardoned through fpecial grace all things £ paft in matters of Religion, but requiring tor the future under c pain of death a general Conformity to the Rites of the Cath »• * tick Church) and finally ordained that no perfonfhould be a i- 'mitted to any orfice, charge, dignity, or magifrracy whatever, : it he did notprofefs and live conformable in all points to tl I L donna 74 Xt)e ^ittcsp of ti)e $;estytoian& l i b. ir. c Roman Religion. And for a Preamble hereunto, the King was pleafed to make along and diftinct Narration of the indulgence he had ufed to reduce the Hugonots toa right underftanding,and of theill requital they had made unto him, by the feditions and confpiracies which they raifed againft him j their bringing in of forraign forces, and amongft others the mod mortal enemies of the French Nation,putting into their hands the ftrongeft places and mod flourifhing parts of the Kingdom, to the contempt of his authority, the defpifing of his grace and goodnefs, and the continual difquieting of his Dominions, and thedeftruction of his tubjects. Tocouuter-poife which terrible Edict,the Princes and ether Leaders of the Hugonots which were then at Rochet, entred into a folemn Covenant or ACTociation, by which they bound themfelves by Oath to perfevere till death in defence of their Religion, neverto lay down arms, or condefcend to any a*- greement without the general confent of all the Commanders 3 and not then neither, but upon fufficient fecurity for the prefer- vation of their lives, and the enjoying of that Liberty of Con- fcience for which they firft began the war. 30. But the Admiral well knowing that thebufinefs was not to be carried by Oaths and Manifefts, and that they wanted nio- ny to proceed by arms, advifed the Rochellers to fend their Navy to the fea, which in a time when no fuch danger was ex- pected, might fpoyle and pillage all they met with, and by that means provide themfelves of mony, and all other ncceffanes to maintain the war. WhichCounfel took fuch good effect, that by this kind of Piracy they wereenabled to give a fair beginning to this new Rebellion 5 for the continuance whereof, it was thought neceftary to follicite their Friends in Germany , to furnifh them with frefh recruits of able men, and Queen Elizabeth of England for fuch Turns of money as might maintain thern in rhefervice. And in the firfl: of thefe defigns there appears no difficulty '-> the inclination of the Prince Elector, together with the reft of the Calvintan Princes, and Imperial Cities, were eafily intreated to ailift their Brethren of the fame Religion, And the fame fpi- rit governed many of the people alfo, but on different grounds 5 they undertaking the imployment upon hope of fpoil, as Merce- naries, ferving for their Pay, but more for Plunder. In England their defires were entertained with lefs alacrity, though eagerly foliicited by Oclet Bilhopof Beativaif, a younger Brother of the admiral j who having formerly been raifed to the degree of a Cardinal, therefore called moft commonly the Cardinal of Cha- Jiillon^hid fome years fince renounced his Habit and Religion, but ft ill kepc his Titles. By the continual follicitation of (a great an Advocate, and the effectual interpofing of the Queen oiNavar , Elizabeth was perfwaded to forget their former in- gratitude? and to remember how conducible it was to her per- gonal intereft to keep the French King exercifed in perpetual troubles > upon which Reafon of State fhe is not oneiy drawn to to accommodate the Unknots with Ships, Corn, Arms .vi 1 A : n - * munition, but t<> lupply them with a hundred thoufand Crowns of ready money for the maintaining of their Army, con fi ft i of fourteen thoufand GtnBsms, and ilmolt as many more of the natural French. And yet it was to be believed, thai in all this fhe had done nothing contrary to the League with Frgtt which (be had (worn not loi ^1, becaufe, for foot h, I Forces of the Hu^onots were idled to no oilier end but H Kings mere fervice, and theafiiftanceof the Crown ic Enemies of both, and rhe prof e fled ^dverfatiesof the trui ligion. out neither t | v- lone of moneys n< i tfa 1 they hid ^< t by robbing upon i IC Seas, was able to maintain « \\ ir of Co long c I tintainancc whereof, th o fell the Oure bes ia all in i 1 r ■ their \ mand s the Queen ot y t:\ir in c for their fecurity, who (hould ad- vent u : lC. 9 r . I fliall not touc h on the particulars of this War, which end- ed with the d ath ot the Pri ICCof Coidc ia the battel (4 fsrm ir j the rigorous proceed! Vdmiral, whom ling caufedto »r a fc\ebel, his Lands to be c >nfi ca ed, his Hois fes plandted and pulled down, and hioifeU execute 1 in t ; the lofs of the famous battel of Mont-Cunton> by i Hug9nott party Anno 156^, which forced them to ab all their ftrong holds, except Rsehel, s%n£ouUfmc, and St. Jeand' jingeli , and finally to (hut theinlelves up within Rochet on Ay i after which followed fuch a dillembled reconciliation b .. 1 the parties, as proved more bloudv then the War : The (udden and fufpected death of the Qjreenof Navar, the Martiage of the Prince her Son with the Lady Margtret one ot theSiir ot the King; the celebrating of the wedding in the death of the Admiral on St. Bartholomews d.iy 1572, and the II; . of thirty thoufand men within few days after i the redu Hon t . h • while Hingd mi t. the ivin dience, except: the Citi Nifmes, MontAmhtm and R$ckel onely \ the obftinate (landing out ot R poo the inftigation ; I ich Preachers as fled thi- ther for 1 and t ion of it by the Duke of tothe j 5 the ra >f the Siege, and the Pej enfuing, < n the f that Duke to the Crown of r ' . the 1^ >n of the Hngon§tt to renew the War, as foon is had left the Kin:;. . their 1: g in the lame, on the Kin laft (icknefs In all which tr iv< State thete is nothing men le in refei to my prefent pu j but onely the con tions of the Pacification which was made at the Siege of Rod by i , it was accorded between the parties on the 11 jfw/f, Anno T=5"; , that all offences (hould be pardoned to the r--, iud three C on their fubmiffion to the King 5 and thu ic (hould be lawiul for them to retain the free ExerCife of th-ir Rwligion , the people meeting in the fame unarmed, an J but f< L 2 ia > 5 .- IV." 7 6 %ty $ittc# of et)e ^^sbptertan^ l i *. i r. in number * that all the inhabitants of the faid three Cities (hould be obliged to obferve, in all outward matters (except Baptifmand Matrimony) the Ritesand Holy-days of the Church 5 that the ufe of the Catholick Religion (hould be reftored in the faid Cities and all other places, leaving unto the Clergy and Religious perfons their Houfes, Profits, and Revenues 5 that Rochel fhould receive a Governour of the Kings appointment, (but without Garrifon) renounce all correfpondencies and con- federacies with Forreign Princes, and not take part with any of the fame Religion againfl: the King 5 and finally, that the faid three Towns (hould deliver Hoftages for the performance of the Articles of the prefent Agreement, to be changed at the end of every three months, if the King fo pleafed : It was alfo condefcended to in favour of particular perfons , that all Lords of free Mannors throughout the Kingdoms, might in their own Houfes lawfully celebrate Marriage and Baptifm , after their own manner, provided that the Alfembly exceeded not the number of ten 5 and that there fhould be no inquifition upoa mensConfciences, Liberty being given to fuch as had no minde to abide in the Kingdom, that they might fell their Lands and Goods, and live where they pleafed. 1574. 32. Such were the Actings of the French Calvinians , as well by fecret practices as open Arms, during the troublefome Reign of Francis the Second and Charles the Ninth, and fuch their variable Fortunes according to the interchanges and fucceffes of thofe broken times, in which, for fifteen years together, there was nothing to be heard but Wars and rumours of Wars 5 fhorj; intervals of Peace, but fuch as generally were fo full of fears and jealoufies, that they were altogether as unfafeas the Wars themfelves. So that the greateft calm of Peace,feemed but a pre- paration to a War enfuingj to which each party was fo benr that of a poyfon it became their moft conffant Food. In which diftraftion of affairs dyed King Charles the Ninth,in the five and twentieth year of his age, and fourteenth of his Reign, leaving this life at Paris on the 30 of May, Anno 1 574. He had been ufed for fome months to the fpitting of bloud, which brought him firfi: into a Feaver, and at laft to his grave,not without fome retaliation of the Heavenly Juftice, in punifhing that Prince by vomiting up the bloud of his Body natural, which bad with fuch prodigious cruelty exhaufted fo much of the belt bloud of the body Politick. After whofe death, the Crown defcended upon Henry the new King of Poland, who prefently upon the news thereof forfook that Kingdom , and poft ed with all fpeed to Venice^ and from thence to France, where he was joyfully- received by all loyal Subjects. At his firft coming to the Crown, he refolved to put an end to thofe combuftions which had fo often inflamed his Kingdom , and extinguish all thofe heats Which had exafperated one party againfl: another •-, that he might fit as Umpire or Supreme Moderator of the prefent differences, L i l. n. %l)t tyiflwp of tfjc pjesbrtcnmis. 7 7 differences, and draw unto hfmfcl fan abfbli nry <>- ver both alike: which to effect , lie re fo Ives t-> ptofecute i War fo coldly , that the Htgonots might coin eive good hi or his moderation s but (till to keep the VVai on toot, till hfc could findc our Inch a way to bring on the pea is mi create no fufpitioo of him id the hearts of the- Catholi by which means hoping to indulge both parties, he was perfectly believed by none, each party (hewing it Pelf diftrufrful i I inclinations, and each refolving to depend on l" Heads. 53, About this time, when all men flood amazed at tl proceedings of theOourr, the State began to fwarm w irh f.i! and Sedition! Pamphlets, publifhcdbyi of the ttugonot \ crion, full of reproach, and fraught with horrible ih not ooely againft the prefent Government, but irticu- Jarly againft the perfons of the Queen and all hci Child en. A - gainft the Authors whereof, when fomeof the Council pui to proceed with all feverity, the Queen-mother inrerpolcd her power^ and moderated by her prudence the intended rigors) affirming, as moft true it wa ,that fuch feverity would oncly gain the greater credit to thole fcurrilous Pamphlets , which would otherwifc vaniflb of themfelves, or be foon t >'rgotten. An 1 which Pamphlets, there was none more pcfti lent then thai whi was compofed in the way of a Dialogue, pretending one /'»/. bins PbiisJelpbas for the Author of it. 1 hci mm buildin \w\\ upon c.tlvtns Principles^ had publi(hed his Seditious I lee Dc jure h'r.'ni jpitJ Sco /m, together with that lcurrilou.au 1 in- famous I ibiJ which he called [be DeleSion , repleat with no- thing bur reproaches of hii lawful Sovereign. Hut this Eufe^ bins PbiUctetpbttf, or whofoever he was that masked himfelf u der that difguife, refolved to go beyond his pattern in all ihe acts of Malice, Slandering and Sedition 5 but be our g ne by le that lb. mid follow after him in thole ways o( wickedn 'J wo Other Tracts were published about this tune alfo, b >t h or them being alike mifchievous, and tendiog to the overthrow I all publick Government 5 but wanting fomething of the Libel in them, as the other had : CM thefe,the one \ contra 7 jr. mn 1 , or the refcuing of the people from th er of Tyrants \ published under the name of mm I r«/«/, but generally believed to be writ by 9*&4, the chief furvivii Patron of the Presbjteritms. In which he proftitutes the d nit y of the Supreme Magiftrate to the I u (Is of the people, and brings them under the command of fuch pop* l.i r Magiftrai Calvin makes to be the Confervators of the publick I il The other was intituled Uejnre At-. \tol infmbditot^ bui on the lame grounds, and publiftied with the fame intention \s the others were. A piece fo mifchievous in it felt, and fo d eft ru drive of the peaceol Humane Society, that each fide wa athamed to own it i the Papifts lathering it upon Hottom 4* t r ■■ 7 8 %f)e fctttaa? of fyt $it$tytitim& L i b. il French Civilian, the Presbyterians on Hiclerus a Pvomifli Prieft ; But it appears plainly by the Conference at Hampton-Court that it was publiOied by fome of th^ Difciplinar*ans? at whofe doors I leave it. 54. But for Eufebiw Philadelphus, he fir ft defames the King and Queen ina moft fcandaious manner, expofes next that flou- rifhing Kingdom for a prey to ftrangers j and finally, lays down fuch Seditious Marines, as plainly tend to the deftruclion of Monarchical Government. He tells us of the King himfelr, that he was trained up by his Tutors in no other qualities then drinking, whoring, fwearing and forfwearing, frauds andfalfe- hoods, and whatsoever elfe might argue a contempt both of God and Godlinefs; that as the Court by the Example of the King, fo by che Example of the Court ail the reft of the King- dom was brought into a reprobate fence, even to manifeft A- theifm } and that as fome of their former Kings were honoured with the Attributes of fair, wife, debonaire, well-beloved;, &c. fo ihould this King be known by no other name then Charles the treacherous. The Duke of Apjou he fets forth in more ugly colou: s then he doth the King,by adding this to ail the reft of his Brothers vices, that he lived in 3 conftant courfe ot Incett wifch. his Sifter the Ptincefs Margaret , as well b'efore as after her E- fpoufal to the King of Navar. For the Q^ieen-mother he can fiiide no better names then thofe of Fvedegond^Erunechild, "jezt- belb and Mejjalina 5 of which the two prfi areas inramou&in tne ftories of France^ as the two latter in the Roman and Sacred Hiftories. And to expofe them all together, he jean give the Qneen-mother and her Children (though his natural Princes) tapa Ma. no more cleanly title then that of a Bitchwolfe and her whelps $ cumcatulis affirming, that in Luxury, Cruelty and Perfldioufnefs, they had D87.Par exceeded all the Tyrants of preceding times <*: which comes up a Part i. clofe to thofe irreverent and lewd expreflions which frequent- pag. 11. ]y occur in Calvin^Beza^Knox^c/m reference to the two Afarys Queens of England and Scotland^nd other Princes of that age , which huve been formerly recited in their proper places. 35. The Royal Family beingthus wretchedly expofed tothe publick hatred, he next applyes himfelf to ftir up all the world againft them both at home and abroad. And firft he laboureth to excite fome defperate Zealot to commit the like afrafXmate on the King then Reigning, as one Bodilltts is reported in fome French Hiftories to have committed on the perfon of Chilpric^ one of the laft Kings of the Afcrovigni an j, which he commemo- rates for a Noble and Heroick action , and fets it out for an ex- ample and encouragement to fome gallant French-man, for the b 0~i do- ^e^very of his Country from the Tyranny of the Houfe of Va- mim Vale- loif9 * the ruine whereof he mainly drives at in his whole defigne. fium t-md'i- And though he feem to make no doubt of prevailing in it , yet t*s deh ra»t, }1C re("0lves to try his Fortune otherwifeif that fhould fail. And rorexlr-' ^ beginning with their next neighbour the King of Spain, he dejlet.p.ys. Purs E.i MI. %\)t tyiltapof tl)c pjcsbptman lie puts them in i emcmbi .nice of thole many lojtl! and his A nee ftors had received fi >oi the Houfc 61 / quaints him with the prefent opportunity which wai i him of*revenging of thofe wro and making himfcli Mafl of the Realm of Frsmct\ ;iiu! chalks him out a way how might effed it , that is to fay, by i a pr- with the Prince of Ortttge*) indulging Liberty ofConfcien to the Befoick Provinces, and thereby drawing all the Hn o*t < to adhere unto him : which counfel if he did nt Savoy ( for whom i e HHgonots'm t'rjrtcc bad no In. ill... ;i) * and by beftowi him the ad joyning Regions of l i , D tilphime and I venct j n ight make himfcli Lord » f .ill the Kit with< i it Trouble. 1 he like temptation mult be given to the ( ! of EmgUndy by put tin ;n minde of hei prett to the ' Crown it felt", and (hewing how eafie a thinu; it might be I i> to acquire thofe Countries, whofe Arms and l itlesl med: with like di (loyalty he excites the Princes qi t. e to husband the advantage which was offered to them, t >r the ; recovering of Aftffc, Toule wd Verduwi three Imperial < bv tlu^ (lings l-'arher hi relud betwixt fraud and force from t ha\ . i the Fifrh,and ever Hnce incorporated with the Realm of Framce, If all which tailed, he is refofved to call himfelf on the Dul oi Ginj'e, though the moft mortal and implacable enemy of the ' ■onot Faction \ lod o i full addrefs to him ina fe< nd Epiftle prefix t before the book it felfj in which he put> him in remembraoce of his oid prctenfi >ns te the Ctown or Fra»ce3 extorted by nueh c.//*?/ from his Anceftors of the Houfe i r , l.or,iigne } offereth him the aliiftance of the Hagonot p.irt y t.>r the recovery of his Rights •■, and finally, befeeches him to tak • mpafRon of his mined Country J, cheerfully to accept the ' Crown, and tree the Kingdom from the fpoil and tyranny o. Boy es and Women, toj i with that infinite train ot Strto- r, Bawdes and Leachers which depend on them : which w as ercai a Mailer- piece in the art ot mifchief, as the wit oi ma bceeou d devife. 36. As tv>r his Doctrines in reference to the cunmon between K.ii I Subjects, we may reduce them to thefc heads, that is to fay, f. Thar the Authority of ind S lu« , ' . " prer..c Magiftrates is circncnfcribed and limited ertain i bounds, which if they pair-, theii Sub jeets dre no Ion I un- . to their obedience) that Ma gift rates do exceed thofe bounds, when either they command huh the God fofbtdderh , Of prohibit that which he commands 5 that therefore they are no longer to be obeyed, it their Commands are contrary tot1 Rulesor Piety or Chrtftiao Charity •-, of which the Subjects mult be thought the moft competent judges. :. That there were companies and focietiesoi men before any Magistrates were let over them , which Magiftrates were uootherwile fet over them 8 o %\y% ^iao# of flje #jesbptetian& l i b. u ■"^" ' ■ ■ ■■ - ■■ _ .— _ . - -i -~ ■ then by common confent ? that every Magiftrate fo appointed was bound by certain Articles and Conditions agreed between them, which he was tyed by Oath to preferve inviolable 5 that the chief end for which the peoplechofea Superiour Magiftrate;, was. that they might remain in fafety under his protection 5 and therefore if fuch Magiftrates either did neglect that end, or o- therwife infringe the Articles of their firft Agreement,the Subjects were then difcharged from the bond of obedience $ and that being fo difcharged from the bond of obedience, it was as lawful for them to take up Arms againft their King in maintainance of their Religion, Laws and Liberties, if indangered by him, as for a Traveller to defend himfelf by force of Arms againft Thieves and Robbers. 3. That no Government can berightly conftitu- ted, in which the Grandeur of the Prince is more consulted then the weal of the People \ that to prevent all fuch incroachments on the Common Liberty, the peopje did referve a power of putting a curb upon their Prince or Supreme Magiftrates, to hold them in ., fuch as the Tribunes were in Rome to the Senate and Confuls,and the Ephori to the Kings of Sparta : that fuch a power as that of the Spartan Ephori is vefted in the feven E- leftors of the German Empire, which gives them an Authority to depofe the Emperour, if they fee caufe for it 5 and that the like may be affirmed of the Engliih Parliaments , j who oftentimes have condemned their Kings, but he knows not whom. 4. That by the firft conftitutionsof the Realm of France^ the Supreme power was not entrufted to the King, but the three Eftates, fo that it was not lawful for the King to proclaim a War, or to lay Taxes on the people, but by their confent, that thefe Eftates afTem61ed in a Common Council, did ferve inftead of eyes and ears to a prudent Prince, but to a wicked and ungoverned, for Bit or Bridle 5 and that according to this power they dethro- ned many of their Kings for their Lufts,Luxuries:,Crueltv,Sloth- fulnefs. Avarice, &c. that if they proceeded not in like manner with the King then Reigning, it was becaufe they had an high efteem (with fcorn and infolence enough) of his eminent Ver- tues, his Piety, Juftice and Fidelity , and the great commenda- tions which was given of his Mothers Chaftity : and therefore fi- nally ( which was the matter to be proved by thofe Factious Principles) that it was altogether as lawful for the French to de- fend themfelves, their Laws and Liberties, againft the violent af- fault of a furious Tyrant (fo he calls their King) as a Traveller by Thieves and Robbers. Which Aphorifms hethat lifteth to confult in the Author, may finde them from pag.57. to 66. of the fecond Dialogue, and part 1 . pag.8. 37. But notwithstanding thefe indignities and provocations, the King refolvcd to proceed in his former indifferency, hoping thereby to break the Hxgonots without blows and bloud-fhed, and thereby to regain the good opinion of his Popilh Subjects. To which end he was pleafed to grant fuch priviledges to the Htigonot 1 L i b. II. %\)t Litton' of ttje ^esDptrvimis. . lingonot Faction as they durlt not ask, and never 1 ■ ilpircd unto in their created heats '•, which he conceit cd he had fon to do in the prefent pinch, then any of ! in far left extremities : For the Hwgom \ d not onely brou in a formidable Army of srvitij and Otrmttnt^ under the con dud} ot Prince dipntir one of the younger f©OS ot li\i:n,k the Third then K lector TA.itine , but bad alio made a hi Hon in the Court it felf, by drawing Frame it Duke of Alt* « h:; youngelt Brother to be Head of their Party, whd brought a- long with him a great number of Romifh Catholick*, who t' pait under the name of the Male-contents. To break which blow, and free his Kingdom from the danger of fo great an Ar- my, he full capitulates to pay the Gcrtn.tns their Arrears, a- OQOunting to a million and two hundred thouland Uncus to gratine Prince Cajimir with the Signory of Cbaflcau-lbicrrj m the Province of cbi»/pjr»nc, with a Penfion of fourteen rhi fand Crowns, and a Command ot a hundred Lances : i i con- fer r he Government of PuarJie with the ftrong r own of Petromt on the Prince of Con:lc , and fettle on his Brother rhe Duke of ALtnZjOn the Provinces of Kerry, Tour.nne and An) 9 it , toge- ther with OOC hundred thouland Crowns of yearly Pel , nd made him alio Duke of Anjou for his greater honour. And t hen to pacifie and oblige the Hngonott (it inch men conld be gain- ed or pacified bv acts of favour) he grants unto them by his Edi t of the i4of Al.iy I 57^, that they ihould peaceably enjoy the* exercife of their Religion, together with full power for er< H Collcdges and Schools, for holding Synods, ot Celebrating M trimony, and Adminiftring the Sacraments, with the lame free- dom as was ufed by his Catholick Subjects: that thofe of the Reformed Religion fhouldbc permitted to execute any Places' or Offices, and enjoy any Dignities ot what fort toever, without fuch diitinclirm betwixt them and the reft of that Nation, as- had been of late times obferved : that in each Parliament of Vtanet a new Court (hould be prefently erected, confining e- qually of Judges and Officers of born Religions, znd they to have thc(. ■ izanceof all Cauies which concerned the Unk- nots : that all fei - part againft the Admiral, thr Count of Montgomery , and the reft of that p.irty, thou Id be revoked ai made null } and the eight cautionary Towns, beii of great ftrengthand cinfcquence, (hould remain with &x lingo- not{, till all thefe Articles were confirmed, and" the Peace concluded. 38. The palilng of this Ed ic"t gave great fcandal 1 Cath >- lick party, which thereupon '•' united by the Duke of Ctttje into I common Bond or League tor nuintainance and de- fence of their Religion, apparently in red by thole larg Indulgences } by the fit ft Article whereof they bound them- Pelves for the Eftabltfhment of the I iw of God in ic firftEftatej toreftore and fettle his holy Service according to the Form i J . . - - - * "" and Manner of the Catholick Apoftolick koman Church * and to abjure and renounce all errors contrary thereunto. Then followed many other Articles, relating to the prefervation of the Kings Authority 5 the maintainance of the common liber- ties and Priviledges of their Country % the mutual defence of one another in defence of this League againft all perfons what- foever $ the conftancy of their obedience to any one whom they (houldchufe to be the Head of their Confederacies and finally, the profecutingof all thofe without exception, who Ihould en- deavour to oppofe and infringe the fame. And for the keeping of this League, they feverally and joyntly bound themfelves by this following Oath, viz, I fvoear by God the Creator (lay- inv my hand upon the holy Gofpel ) and under pain of Excom- munication and eternal Damnation , that I enter into this holy Catholick, League according to the Form thereof now read unto me \ and that I do faithfully and fwcerely enter into it with a will either to command or to obey, and ferve as I fiall be appointed .- ^nd I promije upon my life and honour unto the laft drop of my bloud never to depart from it, or tranfgrefs it, for any command, ■pretence, excufe or occafton, which by any means whatfoever can be represented to me. And as the HugonoU had put themielves under the Protection of the Queen ot England, and called the Germans to their a;d s fo they refclved according unto this example to put themfelves under the Patronage of the Catholick King, and to call in the Forces of the King, Pope, and the Princes of ltdy, if their occasions fo required. The news of which confederacy fo amazed the King, that he proceeded not to the performance of, thofe Indulgences contained in the E- did of the 14 of May, which feemed moft odious and offenfive in the eyes of the Catholicks 5 fo that both (ides being thus exafperated againft one another, and each fide jealous of the Kinpi9 the old confufions were revived, the dtiorders multi- plied , and all things brought into a worfe condition then at his firft coming to the Crown. For though the Catholick King had willingly confented to be head of the League, yet to break off all fuch dependanceas was by that means to be faff ned on him by the reft of the Leaguers, the French King ftndes himfclf neceflitated to affume that honour to himielt. And thereupon, in ihe Aflembly held at Blois, haying in vain tryed many ways to untie this knot, he publickly declared himfelfro be thePrineipal Head and Protestor of it, with many fpecious protections that he would fpend his laft breath in a caufe fo glorious > as the reducing of his people unto one Keligion: which as it raifed many jealoufies in the mindes of the Hm- gonots, fo it begot no confidence of him in the hearts of their "oppofites. . . , c . 29. Hereupon a new War breaks out, and a new Peace fol- loweth, by which fome Claufes in the former Edi& were re- trained and moderated , though othcrwife fufficiently advan- tagious Li b. II. 3C1)C l>irt02V of t!)C? tagious to all th ; fo all matters were ac< r d I ds to betake himfelf wholly to Ins priv te I on the inftitution of a newGrd r of K dcr of the Holy Gkoit s cotnmendi I i the Queen of EmgUmd , to keep him out of harms v. tor the time* to cc me } and finally , failing of the pr< procureth his advancement ro : |C Dukedom « r 1 .1 to be made the General-Governour of the he\gick \ which had withdrawn themfelvcs from th c ro i king of Sp.un. 40. But in the niidft of th fe devices, tl • I of tl Hm gemots arc again in Arms , under colour tlt.it the J> r Ed id had not been obferved •■, but i 1 plain truth 3 upon J clear and manifeft experience , that P< is the r their Party 1 and that they could i! ifc pn power then by open War. 1 he I'ri: L.i Fere in Pictrdj , and the King or tisvtr n la* iter by ftrong hand on the City of Csbert^ which d King again from his Meditations, under which muft his retirement from all publick bufinefs. But La 1 gained from the I'rince or Conch , the Packing of c/ w connived ar , and the breach made up, rh.it I lit be tempted to confumc their Forces in the \\ •-, to which they were invited by their Brethren of .0 had called in the Duke of AhJlu a ir King. And fo long Frgm \ . War continued. B .-turned alter t three yea; it there was no hopes of I to !o at a charge*, trc Hmgomott wanting work abroad, w nifhed with* this occafion to break rut at home. gue had 0 >w layn dormant for i' more Zealous then the iv:ng in the Ca it . (i by the Duke ot Guife, and the reft \; I ,< a ;ue, that the Duke of Amjon bei n mutr fall ar laft t Kio '-, it w.!-. refolved to try a I li be total led t. :; the r. a. 1 E what tld thty gion , Crown Ihou 1 the head ol an* H 1 Here 1 lapfed , ami of the i I 1 ; lity bj the Canon*l >i« arfes and Dc(igne< , the K; fVtft/ar. tal 1 1 pre; -:.gl^ , ; in^ ir bed to be before-hand , and nor t > be toktn unpi vided when they fh >uld come. And ro that end , havi 1- firft cleared himfelf by a Dt n from t u crime of Herelic, and now particularly from being l rclapfed H ii uuny foul recriminations on thf tioufe of Qi ' 2 84 %fyt ^iftC2? of ti)e ^e£bptetiatt& l i b. ii. fends his Agents to follicite the German Princes to come in to aid hiin againft the oppreffions of the League, which Teem- ed to aim at nothing but the ruine of the Realm of France: which fo exasperated thofe of the Guiftan Faction > that they prevailed by their EmitTaries with Pope Sixtus the Fifth, to Excommunicate the Ring of ISIavar, and the Prince of Conde, and to declare them both uncapable of the Royal Succef- iion , as relapfed Hereticks : Which he performed in open Confiftory on the ninth of September 15S5, and published the feritence by a fpecial Bull within three dayes af- ter. 41. The French King in the mean time findes himfelf fo intangled in the Snares of the League , and fuch a general de- fection from him in moft parts of the Kingdom , that he was forced by his Edict of the ninth of jfwAy , to revoke all former grants and capitulations which had been made in fa- vour of the Hugonot party. After which followed a new War} in which the Switz and Germans raife great Levies for the 1585. aid of the Hugonots , follicited thereunto amongft many o- thers by iheodoreBeza } who by his great Eloquence and ex- traordinary diligence, did prevail fo far, that the Princes Pala- tine, the Count Wirtemberge^ the Count of Montbelguard , and the Proteftant Cantons or the Switz, agreed to give them their 1587. affiftance. Amongft whom, with the helps which they re- ceived from the King of Denmark and the Duke of Sax- eny^ a mighty Army was advanced , conGfting of thirty two thoufand Horfe and Foot} that is to fay , twelve thoufand German Horfe, four thoufand Foot , and no fewer then fix- teen thoufand Stvitz. For whofe advance , belides a general contribution made on all the Churches of France , the fum of fixty thoufand Crowns was levyed by the Queen of England, and put into the hands of Prince Caftmire before remembred, who was to have the Chief Command of thefe Forreign Forces. Thefe Forreign Forces made much greater by the ac- cefiion of eight thoufand French which joyned unto them, when they firft fhewed themfelves upon the Borders $ Of which, two hundred Horfe and eight hundred Foot were raifed by the Signory of Geneva. But before this vaft Army could come up to the King of Navar, the Duke of Jopufe gives him battel near a place called Coutrajfe } at which time his whole Forces were reduced to four thoufand Foot , and about two thoufand five hundred Horfe } with which fmall Army en- countred a great power of the Duke of Joyeufe^ and ob^ rained a very fignal Vi&ory, there being (lain upon the place no fewer then three thoufand men, of which the Duke of "joyeufe himfelf was one } more then three thoufand taken prifoners, together with all the Baggage, Arms and Ammuni- tion which belonged to the Enemy. After which followed the defeat of the Germans by the Duke of Guife, and the violent pro* Lie II. %i)t i)ifto2p of ti)c $?egtyterian& proceedings of fbc Leaguers againft the King, which ght inm to a neceliity of joyniog with the King of N*v*rt and craving the affiftance of his Hu^onot Subjects, whofe Armi ■re oow legitimated, and made adts of Duty, fn which con- dition I (hall leave them to their better Fortune! ) firft taking a Purvey of the proceedings of the Cslvinifts in the neigh- bouring Gtrmsmji palGllg from thence to the Lew Countries and after eroding over to the [(lea of Britain. 8 s T/j 0y^ AE% I V S % E T> I V I V [V S t O R, The Hiftory Of the PRESBYTERIANS Lib. III. Containing Their Pofitions and Proceedings in the Higher Germany ; their dangerous Doctrines and Sedition* ; their Innova- tions in the Church, and alteration of the Civil Govern- ment ; of the Bclgick Provinces, from the year 155c?, totheyear 1585. j.r-|p\He Do&rine of the Reformation begun by Luther, and purfued by Zuingltus, was entertained in many Pro- -■- vincesof theHigher Germany, according as they flood affefted to either party, or were tranfported by the ends 2nd paflions of their feverai Princes : But generally at the firft they inclined to Luther, whofe way of Reformation Teemed lefs o- dious to the Church of Rome, and had the greateft approbate on from the States of the Empire h the P«ke of Saxony ad- hered unto him at his firft beginning, ^s alio v;;d the Marquefs of Brandenbourg, the Dukes of HoWeinc, th^ two Northern Kin^s, and by degrees the reft of the German Princes of moflr power and value* except onely thofeof Auftria, and the Du*e of Bavaria, the three Eleclor Biftiops, the Duke of Cleve, the Marquefs of Baden, and generally all the Ecclefiafticks which were not under the Command of the Lutheran States. I ne l i b. in. Xljc i)ttto# of ti)e p2csbptcuau Prince Ele&or fslttin not in '.rry, tiU the \ur 154 r which time Frederick the S< ; 15. warm in his own Eft ate, 1 n enrred Ww*/0 is ok the id vantage of the rime to reform bis Church j 1 ic rour being then broughi low by the change of I forced nor long after n> abandon i',crm.iny. Upon the i 'jitrtn.iry, be caufed Divine Offices to be celebrated in th< Mo- ther*tongue , in the chief Church of Heidei the principal City of the lower Wiljtwatc.MiA the chief Seat « efidenc . The news whereof encouraged ail the iot Princes to congratulate with bim, and to defire . re the Confeflion of Antbergt •■> to which be read Ij fetled all things in his Countries bj the / utbertm M for Government and Dodriti for 1 ( iVorfhip. In 155 which condition ir continued duringthe r .-, and the Ihort Government of Otbo-Heury . who ii him in thofe Eftates, and was the lair (A the direct Line* I of Hjvjrij. After whole death. Anwo 1559, *l de- ' tick, Duke of SimmertW) defcended from Steven Ptlatn Zuidbrook^ or Bipont, younger fon of the Emj Rupert .- From whom the Princes of the other Houfe had delivere I th Pedigree: Which Prince fucceeding by the name of J the Third 5 appeared more favourable to the ZuimgltdM r! en the Lutheran Forms, animated thereunto by 1 eedj Cour- tiers, in hope to make a prey of Glebe and Tythes, ai:d other poor remainders* t the Church* ny. For the advancing ( t this Work, Gualtcr a very moderate and learned nan is dciircd fromZ«r/>^, and cheerlully under- takes the Service ; in which he profpered fo well, that he took moft of the iii ces from their former opinion?, and brought them to conform their judgen in all points of Do< to the Confeflion ot the Switzer or i.m Churches, i Difciplineof which Churches d ar that time from c Platform, as appea s clearly b in 1 I ettei r, bearing date Dectmb. 13* iv> 3, when c.:lrr^ u ceffitated to beg lome r on of I e. ^'ie it . at though* their Difcipline ac Z«i and the reft of the Can on a all poim t fiat of the Confifrory which had been i accommodated to the temper of t v dc6red not the fubverfion ot c.\lnns Model, fo ncc< flary ;it that time for the i *>., 0 of advifed not to have it altered. But pears i 1 the life of Caluin . and by the I i Li- geru* before remcmbrcd , that Excommunications \ ufed in any of the Reformed Chut whether they were [n'berjn <*r Ztti I judgement. line fcarce had GhjI fo fetled Zmimglidmifm in the Church of H , and 1 ich did depend upon it, whea a bold Challenger ' mev4 88 %t)e ^ifite$ of tt)e $jesbpteriansu l i b. hi. Geneva defies them all, and undertakes to prove this Proposi- tion in the publick Schools, That to a Minifter ajfifted with the help of his Elderjhip, cloth appertain the power of Excommunica- tion by the Law of God. Hereupon followed that famous Di- sputation in the Schools of Heidelberg , the fubftance whereof we finde drawn up mVrftnes Catechifm, from pag.835. to pag. 847. of the Englifli Edition. By which it doth appear, that the name of the Refpondent was George Withers a Native of England , and that one Peter Boquine was the Moderator j and therefore Withers muft be taken to have made the Challenge. The Thefes then maintained by Withers t were thefe two that follow, viz, That to the ftncere preaching of the Word, and the lawful administration of the Sacraments^is required an Office or Power of Government in the Church. 2. That a Minijler with his ElderJJjip ought to enjoy and exercife a Power of ConviQing Reproving^ Excommunicating and Executing any part of EccU- fiatfical Difcipline^ or any offenders whatfoeverievenon Princes t hem f elves. 3. The Arguments by which the Refpondent was affaulted together with the anfwers which were made unto them, were taken by the pen of Vrfine , a Divine of Heidelberg , who was prefentat the Difputation , and by his means tranlmitted to the ufe of the Church } the Title of his AbftracT: this, viz. Certain Arguments affoyled^ whereby fome in a publick Di^puta^ tion held in Heidelberg 1568, June 10. ( Dr. Peter Boquine being Moderator •> and Mr. George Withers Engliff-man Re- fpondent ) endeavoured to abolijf) EcclefiaUical Difcipline : Which Arguments and their folutions were taken word for word from the mouth of Dr. Urfine, at the repetition of this difputam tion on the next day privately made in Colleg. Sapient. For further Satisfaction, 1 refer the Reader to the Book it Self, and fh-ail now onely add this note, viz. that as the Arguments were not found Sufficient to beat down that power which Chrifl: had left unto his Church for excommunicating Scandalous and noto- rious finners '-, fo neither were the Anfwers ftrong enough to pre- serve Lay-elders in the poflTeflion of a power that belonged not to them. Which wasin time the iilue of the difputation,which aftejrwards was (o hotly followed, between Theodore Beza on the one fide, and Dr. ihomas Erajlus^ (whom Calvin menti- cneth in his Epiftleto olerianus JDo&or of Phyfick,on the other 5 "Beza evincing the neceflity of Excommunication in the Church of Chrifr, and Erajltts proving nothing to the contrary, but that Lay-elders were not neceffary to the exercife of it. Which difputation lafted longDand effected little, managed on boc;: fides in Printed Tractates } the laft of which was that of Beza , firft publifhed at Geneva^ reprinted afterwards at London^ An.i^ao. But in the mean time the Genevian Difcipline was admitted in both Palatinates^ the Country divided into ClafTes and Synodi- cal meetings 3 thofe Claffes Subdivided into their Presbyteries^ and Li b. in. n:i)c !>trto2v of tl)t pjcsbptettans, ■sbytcry turmlhcd with .1 p I I on, and exercifing inch Chnrch-cenfui But then we are to know withal, that thofc wife Prin loath to |eave too much Authority in the hands of the : (hips, with whofe encroachments on t he power ol the ; giirratc they were well acquainted, appointed i. ■ Officers of their own nomination to lit as ( them, without whom nothing could be done; andthey were hat by them nothing would be done, which either might iril upon their Authority, or their peoples Liberty. A temj tor which they were beholden to the fa id !r.ijit/ry wh Doctor of Phyfick (as before was noted ) devifed thi PiU t<> turgt Yrcsbytrry of lome fopijb bumO*rtz which fecrctly hi) hid in the body of it. ( 4. The like alloy was mixed with the Gtwtvitn Di cipline in the Churches of Hsffis, N*Jf*ms and thofe other petit Eftates andSignories, which make up the Confederacic of the tPetters* vians. Which having once received the Dodrine o( //- »/■, did thortly after entertain the Calvinism Elder (hips, but in derated and reft rained in thole Exorbitances which bytcriatts actually committed in the llealm ol Scotlatt I , and iu inoft places elle fubje,'ted unto their Authority. But in re- gard the Pslstime Churches are efteenfed as a rVuIe to then (the reft of Qtrmsmj I mean) in all points of D0&1 ind that the publiek Catechiim thereof is generally reckone 1 r.)r Authentick, not onely in the Churches of the Higher Germany^ but in the Ncibtrjdw d- Churches alto s it will not be amifs to take notice of them in fuch Doctrinal Points, in which they come up dole to Cslvim% and the IVules ot Gtmev*. Firft therefore taking them tor Zmingliams in the point of the Sacrament, and Jinti-Luihcrans in defacing Images , nboliihing all diftin&iou of Faffs and Festivals , and utterly denying all fet- Forms or publiek Worlhip ; they have declared themfclves as high in maintainance of Calvin t Doctrines touching Predeitiostion, Grace, Free-will, &c. as any fub lapfariati or fupra tapj triam. which had molt cordially Efpoufed that Qjarrel. Tor proof whereof} the Writings of Vrjime and ?areusi 4lftcds ?ifcator% and the reft, Profe(T< rb in the Schools ot //<•/./ ' Herbert and Scd n,>t r.uhr f their private ends then the public k rood. And this lift Propo- fition bein ; fo agreeable to Calvins Do£hincs,her] lurifheth o« vcr, and inforceth with thole words of Trajan^ which before we cited out oi Bucban9 when he required the principal Ca tain or his Guardto ufethe Sword in his defence, it he gove ned well j bur to turn the point thereof againft him, it he did the contrary. 7. Building their practice on thefe Docrrines , we finde the Palatine Princes very forward in aiding the French Hugcnots againft their King upon all occaftons. In the firft r Kings ot that people, ftion\\eur d' Andelot was turnilhcd with five (houfand Horfe, and tour thouland Poor, mulr or them being of the Sub- jects of the Prince Elector, Anno 15^:, when he had but newly entertained the thoughts of ZuingUanifm , m\nd War, he joy rib with others of the German Princes in a common Ambilhe, by which the French King was to be defired, that the Preachers oi the Reformed Religion might Preach both in Park and all o- thcr places ot the Kingdom without control, and that the peo- ple freely might repair to hear them in what numbers they pleated. To which, unfeafonablc demand, the King, though na- turally very CholcrLk,madc no other anl .ver.rhen that he would prefervea frietfdfhip and affection for thole Princes fo long is they did not n eddle in the Affairs ot his Kingdom, as he did not meddle at all in their Pirates After which, having fomewhat recollected his Spirits, he fubjoyned thefe words, with manifeft fnew of his Jilplealure, that it concerned him to lo'lioire their Princes tofuffer the Catholicks to fay Mafs in ail their Cities, With which nipping anfwer the AmbaiTadors beingfe iy, they were followed immediately at the heels by fume of t \eUn- gonots. who being Agents fur the reft , prevailed with Prince jihn C jjivi/r the fecood Son of the Elector, to rule an Army in defence of the Commofl Caufc. To which purpole they had already furnilhcM'him with a (mall film of money, alluring him t hat when he was come unto their Borders, they would pjy v.n one hundred t houfand Crowns more towards the main* tainance of his Army. Which promifes perfwading more then the greateft r\hctorick, excited him, with u.any Captains and Com- manders'i ;vho for t lie moll part lived upon fpoi! and plunder, N 2 to %t)e ^iftdjp of ti)e ##su#etian& l i b. m to raife an Army of feven thoufand Horfe and four thoufand Foot , with which they made foul woik in France, wafting and fpoiling all Countries wherefoever they came; for being joyned unto the reft of the Hugonots Army, they found them brought to fuch a poor and low condition, that they were not able to advance the leaft part of that fum which they had promifed to 1563. provide againft their coming. Somewhat was raifed by way or! Contribution,to keep them in fome ptefent compliance ^ and for the reft, they were permitted to pay themfelves in the fpoil of the Country , efpecially Churches, Monafteiies , and Religious Houfes. But the Queen offering termes of Peace, none were more forward then thefe Germans to imbrace the offer , and Cafimir more forward in it then all the reft. The King had offered to disburfe a great part of the money which belonged to the Souldiers for their pay ^ which to thofe mercenary fpi- rits was too ftrong a temptation to be refitted or neg- Jetted. 8. Thefe Germans were fcarcely fetled in their feveral Houfes, when the Hugonots brake out again, and a new Army muft be raifed by the Duke of Zudibruck^ (whom the French call the 1569. Dukeo'f Deuxponts) a Prince of the Collateral Line to the E- lec~roral Family $ who upon hope of being as well paid as his Cozen Cafitnir. tempted with many rich promifes by the Heads cf the- Hugonots, zrA iecretly encouraged by fome Minifters of the Qjieen of England, made himfelf Matter of a great and pu- iffant .Army, conlifting of eight thoufand Horfe and fix thou- fand Foot. With this Army he waftes all the Country, from tie very edge of bur gundy to the Banks of Loire $ croffeth that River, and commits the like outrages in all the Provinces which lye between that River and the Aquitain Ocean. In which a- clion , either with the change ot Air, the tedioufnefs of his v Marches, or excefTive drinking, he fell into a violent Feaver, which put a period to his travails within few days after. Nor did this Army ccme off better, though it held out longer : for many of them being firft confumed with ficknefs, arifing from their own intemperance , and the delicious lufts of the Strum- pets of France j the reft were almoft all cut off at the Battail of Mont-counter, in which they loft two Colonels, and twenty feven Captains of Foot, and all their Horfe except two thou- fand, which faved themfelves under Count Lodowtck of NaJJaw. But the love of money prevailed more with them then the fear of death: For within few years after, Anno 15755 we fnde them tntring France again under Prince John Capntr, in company with the young Prince of Conde, who had follicired the Caufe, The Army, at that time confifting of eight thoufand Horfe, three thoufand FrenchT'uelocks, and no fewer then fourteen thoufand Switz, and Germane Foot, joyned with the Hugonots^ and a new Fa<^ion ot Politicks or Male-contents, under the Com- mand of the Duke of Alanzon, who had revolted from his Bro- ther j L f B. ill. %X\t l)i(to:i> of t!)c p:rol)vr triers became Co terrible r<> the his Peace upon any ur< . To wl led the heirs of his 1 ^ r < m : r, he purcl ir- turc of the Germane Souldiers, bj ir Arrc.irs, which came in all to twelve hi i full computation : Befidea the payment of wh'u he w v to gratifie Prince Cafintir with the Sigaory .iu-ihierry in the Province of C/ tc, the commai hundred. French Lances, and an annual pea :a- ianci Crowns, as before was faid. o. In the meantime the flames of the like civil War I a t;rc.ir part of Flinders y to \ . L . ^ h the Print ror n bring Fewclalfo : For being well afFe ted to theH ufe ol Jaiv, and more particularly to the Prinj . - what encouragements the Calvin tans in t .. had received from them) he heartened ch erfi poGtions as were made to him at the firft o c hi> Minivers, and after by the Agents of the I fit". But thole fmall Forces which he fent, ar then • ing do great fervice, he grants them fu the tirft return of Prince CaGmirs Army, Anno 15 made them up a Body of French and Germ.ins, cot:: rhouland Foot, and tour thoufand Horfe;' with v. :u Prince Co- her i younger S >n, t 1 gain experi and to purchafe Honour. And th ight I: .1 difcouraged bv the lofs of that Army, and the d into the bargain t from m in that quarrel i Calvinid* fpirit foprt uted ih his Com that mother >uld be raifed, and Cafymir i Co;. oon as he could give himlclf the incethat 1 *ch required nor his afliftartce. D the languifhing of which Kingdom bet Peace and Wa. , 1 War in F Under j grew a • ent u< 1 r. oved the P s confederated with 1 ei into a Ihk'f uni n w : Queei 'and., v. . d not otherwife prefervc her felffrom the plots and pra Dm jft/A* or' Ju m. By the Articles of wl . t ;ue or II . her fell t 1 aid th m with one thoufand H ol ; the g - part of (he raifed in 1 ns of the Prince d rather did con storhi ment of fo much money tor his Army ther tor the fervice ot the Prince of Orange .1 unto that number. And that they 11.: ;ht 1 countenance in the eye of the World, the lends I England, where he arrived about the litter end of January i5-3, ib Royally feafted by the Queen rded with an ann '.- a] Pen (ion, and in the next year made Knight of the Garter io. by thde encouragements he returns to his char/-- in ■ P4 3Ct)c ^ifJo?? of tt)e $jcsbpteriansu Lm.ub Army, which he continued till the calling in of the Duke of AnjoU) and then Tetired into Germany to take breath awhile, where he found fuch an alteration in the State of affairs, as promifed him no great alTurance of employment on the like oc- casion. 10. For Lodorvick, the fifth fucceeding Prince Ele&or in the place of his Father 5 and being more inclined to the Lutheran Forms, did in time fettle all his Churches on the fame Foundati- on on which it had been built by the Electors of the former "Line ^ fo that it was not to be thought that either he could aid the Hugonots-yOX the Beigick^Calvinifts in any of their Infurre- clions againft their Princes, if either of them poflibly could have had the confidence to have moved him in it- But he being dead, and FredericJ^the Fourth fucceeding, the Zuinglian Do- ctrines and the Genevian Difcipline are reftored again 5 and then Prince Caftwir is again foliicited to raife a greater power then ever for the aid of the French. The Catholicksof which Realm had joyned themfelves in a common League not onely to exclude the King of Navar and the Prin:e of Coxde from their Succeflion to the Crown, but wholly to extirpate the Reformed Religion. To counterpoife which Potent Faction, the King of Navar and his AfTociates in that Caufe implored the afTiftanceof their Friendsin Germany ^ but more particularly the Prince Elecior Palatine^ the Duke or lVirtembergei the Count of Mombelliard , and the Proteftant Cantons 5 who being much moved by the danger threatned unto their Religion, and power- fully frirred up by Beza^ who was active in it, began to raifethe greateft Army that ever had been fent from thence to the aid of the Hugonots : And that theadlion might appear withfome Face of Juftice,it was thought fit to try what they could do towards an atonement , by fending their Ambafladors to the Court of France before they entred with their Forces. But the Ambaf- fador of Prince Cajimir carried himfelf in that imployment with fo little reverence, and did fo plainly charge the King with the infringing of the Edids of Pacification , that the King difuiifr. them all with no fmall difdain 5 telling them roundly, that he would give any man the lye which fhould prefume to tax him of the breach of his promife. This fhort difpatch haftned the coming in of the Army, compounded of twelve thoufand German Horfe , four thoufand G erman Foot, fixteen thoufand Siviiz, and about eight thoufand French Auxiliaries which (raid their coming on the Borders. With which vaft Army they gained nothing but their own deftruction , for many of them being confumed by their own intemperance , more of them wafted by continual skirmifhes with which they were kept exercifed by the Duke of Guife , moft of the reft were miferably (laugh- tered by him near a place called Auneaw (a Town of the Pro- vince of La Beaujfe) or murthered by the common people, as they came in their way. 2r. Such L . c in. Xt)t l)iftO!V of tDc r ,-slir; ;. , ________________________ — i i. Such ill fuccefs had i • ; r.:ncc , as made hitn afterwards more ful in them, until he was therein rbllicitcd on .1 bcttci that King againft tl c Leaguers , and other the di.tu Common Peace. Nor dro fome other it r he petrj Prim fpeed much better in the fuccefs or this A (fail itry of Monti spaying dearly tor the Zeal <>f rhcii I almoft wholly ruined by the F of the Duke ol Ga / - /the lair Duke of houillon /A the lloui'c <>r A/tr.'-r.l, . great part of his time in the acquaintance of bezat and _fi :ds became I COnftant follower of the King oi by whom he was impldyed in raiting this great Army of and Germans 3 and d (lined to a p reat C unmand _nd Conduct in it : Efcaping with much difficulty in the 1 the (laughter, he came by many unfrequented ways to 1 Town 01 GentVdi where, either fpent with grief ut 1 or toyl ot body, he dyed loon after, 1 1 it to his Sifter cbtrlot^ and her to the difp of the King < t a i- var3 who gave her in Marriage, nor long after, to the Vifcounc 'Jurcnncj but he had firft eftablifhed Calvinifm both for 1)^- drrine and Difcipline in all the Towns of hi- Eftate •-, in which they were afterwards continued by the Mm 1 ; Henry i I at our e Vilcounr of Tnrennei S iveraign of Sedam^ ami 1 >uke of homllon by his former Wife, with one <>t the Daughte r/- liam 01 v.; j .iir Prince of Orange, a profeffed Calvtniam i t t.e in- fluence of which Houfe , by reafon of t he great C nd whichthey had in the Netherlands, prevailed fo tar on manj ot' the Neighb uring Princes, that not onely the Couc :\./_/- l^n> and Han aw, with the reft of the Confe< 1 I Vettex 0-'-> bur a great parr of H.ijju alio gave entertainment to thole Do<5rrines,and rec ^ived that Difcipline,which hath given fo much trouble to the reft of Chriftenddm. Which faid, w< eatie pafTage to the Belgie^ Provinces, where we tliall finde workin profecution oi the Story, then all the es of the Mpp^x Germany campreient untoi 13. i He ' Provinces, fubjec. in former times to Pukes of Burgundy, and by defcent from them to the Ki of spjin. are on all fides invironed with Franc* i\ I t erma :ept toward the Weft, where they are patted 1 rent-Ocean from the rVeaJm of England, h they have maintained an ancient and .wealthy I: i- ginally in the hands o( I Princes, ti . I I ar lair by ma- ny d iff in r Titles to the H >ufe runJy-, all ot them, I ■ I live, united in the pcrlon of 1 ind thole five added ro rhe reft by Cbsrlei Fifth. From hci arofe that difference which appearsbei ■ en them in ! a and Culrorm ell a- in di;: I peculiar Priviled which rendred ir a mattes difficult, it' nor im| :n into one Eftate, or to creel them into an abfolute an 96 %$t i?iftC2P of tt)e $?esbptettan& l i b. hi. veraign , though it was divers times endeavoured by the Princes of it. The whole divided commonly into feventeen Provinces, moll: of themfince they came into the power of the Kings of Spaitt> having their own proper and fubordinate Go- vernours accountable to their King, as their Lord in Chief, who had the fole difpofal of them, and by them managed all Affairs both of War and Peace, according to their feveral anddiftindt capacities : All of them priviledged fo far, as to fecure them all (without a manifeft violation of their Rights and Liberties) from the fear of Bondage. But none fo amply priviledged as the Province of Brabant , to which it had been granted by fome well-meaning, but weak Prince amongft them, that if their Prince or Duke (by which name they called him) mould by ftrong hand attempt the violation of their ancient priviledges, the Peers and People might proceed to a new Election, and put themfelves under the Clyentele or Patronage of fome jufter Go- vernour. 13. The whole Eftate thus laid together, is reckoned to con- tain no more in ccmpafs then twelve hundred miles 5 but is with* all fo well planted, and extremely populous, that there are num- bered in that compafs no fewer then three hundred and fifty Cities, and great Towns equal untoCities,befides fix thoufandand three hundred Villages of name and note5(fome of them equal to great Towns) not taking in the fmaller Dorps, and inferiour Hamlets. But amongft all the Cities and great Towns, there were but four which anciently were honoured with Epifcopal Sees, that is to fay, the Cities of Vtrecht, Cambray, Tournay? and Arras ? and of thefefour, they onely of Arra* and Tournay were naturally fub- jecl: to the Princes of the Houfe of Burgundy 5 the Bifhop of Cambr&y being anciently a Prince of the Empire, and VtrejLt not made fubjed to them till the Government of Charles trre Fifth. Which paucity of the Epifcopal Sees in fo large a Ter- ritory, fubje&ed fome of the Provinces to the Bifhops of Leigei fome to the jurifdicfion of the Archbiihops of Rbeims and Co- len, and-others under the Authority of the Bifhops of Munfier, Of which the firft were in fome fort under the Prq^edion of the Dukes of Burgundy ^ the three laft abfolute ana indepen- dent, not owing any fuite or Service at all unto them. By means whereof, concernments of Religion were not looked into with fo ftricl: an eye, as where the Bifhops are accomptable to the Prince for their Administration, or more united with and a- mongft themfelves in the publick Government. The inconve- nience whereof being well obferved by Charier the Fifth, he praftifed with the Pope then being, for increafing the number of the Bifiiopricks, reducing them under Archbiihops of their own, and Modeling the Ecclefiaftical Politic under fuch a Form, as might enable them to exercife all manner of fpiritual jurif- diclion within themfelves, without recourfe to any Forreign Power or Prelate but the Pope himfelf. Which being firft de* f figned t r B. in. %{)t l}tfto# of tl)c pjrsbptcnans* 97 figncdby him , was afterwards effected by King rhihp the Se- cond, though the event proved contrary to hi e> pectation. For this enlarj : ot the number of the Sec copal, being projected onel> For the better keeping of the Peace and Unit) of the Z>i;/x'f^C!uirch« I tn? "unhappily the occafionof ma- ny Tmr.t d Dii in tl e fcivil State, which drew on the defection real part ot theCountry from that Kings oh 24. For io it was, that the Reformed EteligioA being enti tained in / rancc and 1 did quickly finde an entrance alio into fuch or the Pto\ as lay neareftto them) where it found people of all fortlfufficiently ready to receive it. To the incteafe v. t ror Churls himfelf gaveno fmall advan- tage, by bringing in (o 1 he switz, and German Souldien. to maintain his Power, either in awing lus own Sub jo a- gainft the Frtmcb^by which lafl [uently invaded inthe bordering Provinces. Nor was Queen M* • oi England wane- ^though (he mea t it not) to the incrcaling or tVir numb< For whereas many of the Native! < t trance and Germany, who were afle.led zealoufly to the Information, had put themfelves for Sandtuarv Into Emglamd in the time of King Edwsrd $ they were all baniChedby Proclamation in the Brfryeai or her tVeign. Many of which not daring to ra.irn to their fcveral Countries, difperfed themfelves in moff. of the good Towns of the Bcl^ick^ Provinces ( efpecially in fuch as lay inoft neer umo the Sea) where they could bdr provide themfelves of a poor fubfiftance. By mean< whereof, theDo&rineof the Proteftant and Reform- ed Churches began to get much ground upon them} to which the continual inrercourfes which they had with England, gave every day fuch great and manifeft adv.mra^e, that the Kmpe- rour was tain to bethink himfelf of Com~ proper means tor the fuppreffing of the inconveniences which might follow on it. And means more proper he found none in the whole courle of Government, then to increafe the number of the former Bilhop- ricks , to re-inforce Ionic former Edicts which he mad At them, and to bring in the Spanrff) In quijltion, which he efttbli- fhed and confirmed by another Edict bearing date April 2 1543. Which notwithftanding, the ProfefTors of thatDoctrio though restrained a while, could no: be totally fupprcfied) fome Preachers out of Germany, and others out of France and England, promoting underhand thofe T Dents, and introducing thofe opinions, which openly t!iey durlt not own in thofe dan- gerous times. But when the Emperout Charles had refigncd the Government, and that King -hi lip the Second, upon fome urgent Ivcaions ot State had retired to Spain , and left the Chief Command of nil Belgici^ Provinces to the Dutcheis of Tarma, they then began to fhew themfeives with the grea- ter confidence , and gained fome I ones to their lide , whom difcootent by reafon of the difippcintment of their C) fevcral 5>8 3Ct)e ^iflc# of tt)e ^esbpeetian& l i b. m. feveral aims had made inclinable to innovation both in Church and State. 15. Amongft the great ones of which time,there was none more considerable for Power and Patrimony, then William of Najfaiv Prince of Ora^ge^nvefted by a long defcent of Noble Ancestors in the County of N ajfaw * a. fair and goodly Territory in the Higher Germany? poffeft of many good Towns and ample Sig- nories in Brabant and Holland, derived upon him from Mary Daughter and Heir of Philip Lord of Breda% Sec. his great Grand-fathers Grand-mother ? Ind finally , enriched with the Principality of Orange in France? accruing to him by the death of his Cozen /?e«ejwhich gave him a precedencie before all other Belgick^ Lords in the Court of Brujfels. By which advantages, but more by his abilities both for Camp and Counfel, he became great in favour with the Emperour Charles? by whom he was made Governour of Holland and Zealand, Knight of the Order of the Fleece 5 imployed in many Ambaffies of weight and mo- ment, and trirfted with his deareft and moft fecret purpofes. For Rivals in the Glory of Arms, he had the Counts of Home and Egmond? men of great Prowefs in the Field, and alike able at all times to Command and Execute. But they were men of open hearts, not praftifed in the Arts of Subtilty and diffi- mulation , and wanted much of that dexterity and cunning which the other had for working into the affeclions of all forts of people. Being advanced unto this eminencie in the Court and knowing his own ftrength as well amongft the Souldiers as the common people , he promifed to himfelf the Supreme Government of the Belgick. Provinces on the Rings returning into Spain. The difappointment of which hope, obliterated the remembrance of all former favours, and fpurred him on to make himfelf the Head of the Proteftant party, by whofe af- fiftance he conceived no fmall poflibility of raifing the Naffo* vian Family to as great an height as his ambition could afpire to. 16. The Proteftants at that time were generally divided in- to two main bodies, not to fay any thing of the Anabaptifis and other Seciaries who thruft in amongft them. Such of the Provinces as lay toward Germany, and had received their Prea- chers thence, embraced the Forms and Doftrinesof the Luthe- ran Churches , in which not onely Images had been ftill retain- ed, together with fet-Forms of Prayer, kneeling at the Commu- nion, the Crofs in Baptifm, and many other laudable Ceremo- nies of the Elder times 5 but aifo moft of the ancient Fafts and Feftivals of the Catholick Church, and fuch a Form of Eccle- fiftical Polity, as was but litHe differing from that of Biftiops : which Forms and Doctrines being tolerated by the Edicts of Paujfaw and Ausberg , made them lefs apt to work diftur- bance in the Civil State, and confequently the lefs obnoxious to the fears and jealoufiesof the Catholick party. But on the other Li b. itl. 3Cf)e iiiftojp of tit stytet fide, fu • as lay rot humour of that rVeformatioi dclltd according unto cAvms Platform both in I Difciplinc. More ftomacked then the otb icred to the Church of ; orotherwife pi peace and fafety of the Commonwealth : I Preachers being more practical and Mercurial then i were. and not well principled in refj M >nai :;t3 were looked upon as nun more tions, and alienate the peoples bean i. nour. And at the lirfr the Prince i r the Lutheran party , whole Forms and Doftrinc I id b< n by bis Father in the County of N aifeftation of the good opinion which he harb Married A mmt the Daughter o Duke Elc the greateft of tl Luthersn Princes. hich \ Dutcheis of Fsrma Teemed to be difpleafed, he openly a(] i her of his Adhefion to the Catholick Caufe , Eldeft Son u hich he had of chat Marriage to be Baptiz ac- cording to the Prcfcript of the Church of Rome h but under- hand promoted tor a time the Lutheran Interefr, whic lucked in as it were with his Mothers Milk. But it v tor a time that he Co promoted it : For finding tiv « to be men or am b< al , more quick and fl felveSj more eafily exafperai ;ainft their* Governour confequently more fit to advance his purpofes $ he n. felfthegn tl oteftor of that fa£rion,and fpared not to p himfclf for fuch upon all occa(ions$ infomuch, i : I terwards queftioiied about hi> fveligion by the Duke of A\ he difcovered to him his bald head, and told him ; there was not rdore Calvifm on his heaJ, then there ttijm in hib heart, 17. But to n y for thefe defignes, there were tv ; ftaclestobc removed, without which nothing C( purfuance oi them. Kii g Philip at his going 1 . left tl ree thoufand Spaniln Souldiers (the onely remainder thole great Am h had ferved his Far' ,1 himl iinft the French] in Garrifon upon the Border . rence of fhuti 1 rheback-door againft the rally thought to be left of ^rpofe for 1 »toth< ofrefracu oropp auntohis Commands 1 firft removed; and the C< UHtr of all fuch ru wife would 1 idethev ibleuni or though the King had put thofeSould two Lords of the NetbcrUmeitjhai is to fay, the Prince of or n himfclf, and the Count Egmoni, that ti rather to be the natural Militia of the Count r) ,theu x%l yet that device did little edifie among ft them: fort O ioo 30)e ^tttep of tlje $je£bptetian& Lib. hi. two Lords, efpecially the Prince of Orange^ exprelTed fuch contentment in the truft and honour which was therein conferred upon them, that they excited the whole Country both to move the K«ng before his going, and the Governefs after his depar- ture to difmifs thofe Souldiers which could not be impofed up- ' on them without breach of their Priviledges. To this requeft the King had given a gratious anfwer, and promifed to remove them within four months after his going into Spaing but fecret- ly gave order to the Lady Regent to retain them longer , till the new Bifhops and the Inquisition, were confirmed amongft them. And fhe conceived her felf fo bound to thofe instructi- ons 9 and their detaining there fo neceffary for his Majeliies Service, that fhe delayed time as long as pofiibly (he could : Which being obferved by thofe which were of greateft power and credit with the common people , it was refolved that no more contribution fhould be raifed on the fevejal Provinces to- ward the payment of their wages j and on the other fide, the Regent was fo conftant to her refolution, that (he took up money upon intereft for their fa t.is faction. But being wearied in the end by the importunity of all forts of people, counfeiled by her Husband the Duke of Parma to give way unto it, and authorized at laft by the King himfelf to hearken unto their delires} (he gives order to have them drawn out of their feve- ral Garrifons, and Shipt at Flufiwg •-, from thence to be tran- fported into Spain with the firft fair winde. iS. The eaiie removing of this rub, incouraged thofe who managed the defigne for innovating in the Church and State, to make the like attempt againft the Cardinal Gra*?vel^ whofe extraordinary parts and power they were more affraid of, then of all the Spaniards in the Country. This man being of the Ttrcnots of Granvtl in the Country of Burgundy 5 was trained lip by a Father of fuch large abilities, that he was by Charles the Fifth made Chancellor of the German Empire, and trufted by him in Affairs of the grcateft moment: And he declared himfelf to be fuch a quick proficient in the Schools of Learning, that he became the Matter of no fewer then feven Languages 5 (in all which he was able toexprefs himfelf with a fluent elo- quence) and at twenty four years of age was made Bifhop of Arras : commended by his Father to the Emperour Charles^ and by him unto King Yhihp the Sedfend, he ferved them both with great fidelity and courage ; and had withal) fuch a dexte- rity of difpatch in all concernments, as if he had been rather born then made a States-man. And unto thefe he added fuch a moderation in his pleafures, fuch abftinence both from food and fleep when the cafe required it, fuch extraordinary rains in accommodating all the difficulties which came before him , and fuch a diligent obfervance of his Princes motions, that his greateft Adverfaries could not chufe but fay , that he was a jewel, fit to be owned by none but the greateft Kings. By means where- Lie. in. %\)z i)ifto2pof t{)e pjcslwtcav. whereof, he fo prevailed upon the them , that be ciid noi ithei at hi ther Peace nor League with Kings or N Marriage, quieted no Seditions, acred n< thai relate* Religion or the Church, in which the counfels « * t : .1 were not influential. The like Authority he held withthe Dure!. off.*/-///.*, not onely out of that report which the of him, but her own election, who found his. counfel ible to all occa float , that feldom any private or pul came in agitation, in which his jud had not I i re- viou fly required, before it was openly i red. And thoi his previous refolutions in matters of counfel, all imaginable care and clofenefs from the ir- tiers; yet no man doubted bat that all A .ere t red by him, imputing miny th into him, as it often ha which he had no hand in. IQ. If) the firft tilings of this man, he \ f pi fed upftart by the Prince of Org»ge3 ai d Ion e oth the Country '■> not fearing any thing from him, as an alien boi n, unfurnifhed ol dependants , and who by reafon of his ca !. could make no frrong Alliance to prelerve his Pow er. But when they tound that his \ u hority increafed, that all thin ;d- ed to that pi int at which be aimed, and that lorn, ol the Nubility began to apply themfclves unto him, and be his Creatures) they then conceived it neceiTarj to make .1- nlt him, for fear of Lei; ught to the like I ns. Firft therefore they began to clafh with him at the Counc Table, and to d iTent from igs which red in, though otberwife of great advantage in \\\j. to the pub- lick Service. But r that »ns did • ferve to ftrengthen his power , then take air they m'tfreport him to the I :i their feveral I turbulent fpiiit, a mm of proud thoughts, and the Nobihty. bv whole depieliing.he al pired to m >r< greatn n was confident either uith his Majeft Igick, Liberties. And that being done, th. . duce him by their Whifpt I the pc< on ly man that laboured for the bringing in of the In and tor eftablifhing th in their fevei 1 der pretence of (topping the ir.cn And unto thefe reports of him, h r fome fair >ur, b] cuting the concernments of the Church v .; then n, lying the more open to the pra of the gn party, by a f< r oftheirinti , and .. onely on his Makers favour. From h \ J, that 1 did pretend to any licentioufnefs in Life or Doctrine, exclain againft him as the Author of thofe feverities wherewith tl King had formerly proceeded againft divers of them , as the other fide, they cr)cd up all tl G Lords which appeared • ioo %i)t ^iOo# of tt)e $iwbytttia\\$. l i b. hi. gainft him, as the chief Patriots of the Country, the Principal Patrons and AlTertors of the pubiick Liberty. 20. The people being thus corrupted, it was no hard matter for the Lords to advance the Project, in rendring Granvel as unpleafing in the eyes of the King , as they had made him odious in the fight of the people. In order whereunto, fome of them (hewed themfelves lefs careful of the Caufe of Religion, by (mothering the publication of his Majefties Edi&s which concerned the Church in the Provinces under theircom- mand. Others dealt under-hand with the common people, per~ fwading them not to yeild fubmiffion to thofe new Tribunals, which ouely ierved for the exercife of fuperftition, and the Popes Authority. And fome again connived at the growth of Herefie (by which name thdy called it ) by fufFering the maintainers ot thofe new opinions to get ground amongft them, encouraged fecretly fome feditious practices , and finally omitted nothing, by which the King might underhand by a fad experiment how much he had mifplaced his favours, and to what imminent dan- ger he expofed the Netherlands? by putting fuch Authority o- ver them in the hands of a Forreigncr. Of all which pra- clicesthe Cardinal was too intelligent, and had too many Friends abroad to be kept in ignorance} which made him carry a more vigilant eye upon their defignes, to crofs their Counfels, and e- lude their Artifices, when anything was offered to the prejudice of the pubiick Peace: but in the end, the importunity of his Adverfaries became fo violent, and the breach had fuch a face of danger in the fight of the Governefs, that (he moved the King for his difmiiiion '? to prevent which, he firft retired into Burgundy? and from thence to Rome? preferred not long af- ter *o be Vice -Roy of the Realm of Napier? and finally, made Prefident of the Council for Italy in the Court of Spain. 21. In the mean time the Calvinijis began to try their For- tunes in thofe Provinces which lay next to France, by fettingup two of their Preachers on the fame day in two great Cities , Valenciennes the chief City of Haynalt, and Tom may the chief City of Flanders GaUicant : In the firft of which, the Preacher having finifhed in the Market-place where he made his Sermon, was followed in the Streets by no fewer then one hundred peo- ple, but in the other, by a train of fix hundred, or thereabouts, all of them finging Davids Pfalms of Marots Tranflation, ac- cording to the cuftom of the Hugonots amongft the French. Some tumults hereupon enfued in either City ? tor the repref- fing whereof, Florence of Momorancy Lord of Montigny , be- ing the Governour of that Province, rides in poft to Tournay^ hangs up the Preacher , feizeth on all fuch Books as were thought Heretical,and thereby put an end to the prefent Sedition. But when the Marquefs of Bergen was required to do the like at Valenciennes^ he told theGoverncfsin plainterms, that it was neither l i c in. %l)t tyiftojp of tt)e $?rsbptrnans, I0 3 neither agreeable to his place or nature to pur an rierctick to death. All that lie did was the committing or two of their Preachers to the common l'rifon ^ and that being done,he made a journey unto leige lo decline thcbufineis; Which fo io« coo raged the Cslvimi** party to proceed in their purpofes, that they threarncd milchicf to the Judges, if any harm happened to the Prisoners. But fentenceat the feven month-, end being pad upon them to be burnt, and all things being made ready for the i ecution, the* Prifoners brought unto the Stake, and the lire ready to be kiad;^!. there pre ently arofe a tumult lb fierce and violent, that Hie Officers were compelled to take b.ick their Prifonert, and to provide for their own i'atety, for tear or being iioned to death by the virions multitude. But the people i Ting once beguo, would not lo give over} for being in Bam 1 by oneof their company , whom t hey had let up in the midflE 6f the Market-place to preach an extemporary Sermon, two thoufand of them ran tumultuoufly to the common Goal, force open the doors, knock off the Shackles of the Prifoners, reft ore them 10 their former Liberty , and fo difperfc rhemfelv t . their feveral dwellings, The news of which Sedition being brought fo Brujj'els , the Governefs dilparcheth certain Com- panies of Foot, and fome Troopes of Horle, with order to the Marquefsof Bergen toapp'eafe the difordcrs in the Town, lint they found all things there fo quiet, that there was little need of any other Sword then the Sword of [uftice 5 by which fome of the chief Ring-leaders of the Tumult, an I one ot their Prea- chers (who had unhappily fallen into their hands) were fentenced to that puniihment which they lud d d. 22. The c slv inijis conceiving by this w >ful experiment, that it was not fafc jelling with Edged-cools, and that they were not offufficient power tor fo great a bofineis, betook thtmfelvesto other courfes. And finding that ioiv.c ot trie principal Lords were muchofFended at the exorbitant power ot' Granvcl , that others (Viewed no good affettion to his MajefHes Government, and that the reft had no cjefire to fee the new Rifhops fee led in their feveral Sees, for fear of being over-powered by them i;i all publick Councils^ they fcrioufly applyed themfelves to fo- ment thofe difcords, and make the rupture greater then at tuft it was. The new Bifhops being fourteen in number, were in themfelves fo eminent in point of Learning , aod of a converfa- tionfo unblameable in the eves of all men , that malice it felf could make no juft exception againft the perlons : A quarrel therefore muff be picked againft the Form and Manner of their indowmenr, which was by founding them in luch wealthy Mo* nafleries as were bed able to maintain them } the Patrimony which anciently was allotted to the ufc of the Abbot, being to be inverted (after the death of the incumbent) to the ufe of the Bifhop. This was prcfented to the Monks as a great disfran- chisement, a plain deveftingof them of th.ir Native Friviledg not io4 5C|)e l?ifto# of tt)e ^esbptet tan& l i b. hi. notonely by depriving them of the choice of their Governour, but by placing over them an imperious Lordinftead of an indul- gent Father. The Magiftratesand people of fuch of the Cities as were defigned for the Sees of the feveral Bilhops, were pra- ftifed on to proteft againft their admiffion} by whofe cftabliih- ment the common people muft be fubject to more Mafters then before they were, and the Magistrates muft grow lefs in power . and reputation then they had been formerly. They reprefented to the Merchants, that without liberty of Confcience it was not poffible there could be. liberty of Trade j the^want whereof muft needs bring with it their impoverishing, a fenfible decay of all forts of Manufactures 5 and confequently, an expofing of the common people to extremeft beggery. Which consideration, as appeared foon after, was alone fufficient, not onely to ingage the Merchants, but to draw after them that huge rabble of Me- chanical people (which commonly makeup the greateft part of all populous Cities) that depended on them. But nothing bet- ter pleafed the discontented Nobility, then their fnve&ives a- gainft Granvel, againft whom, and fuch of the Court Lords as adhered unto him s they faftened their raoft fcandalous and in- famous Libels upon every poft 5 not fparing throGgh his fides to wound the honour of the King , and reproach the Govern- ment, which by this means they made diftafteful to the com- mon fubje&s. ^«.i5^4» 25. By thefe devices, and fome others of like dangerous na- ture, they gained not onely many of the common people, but divers of the greateft Lords $ fome alfo of the principal Cities, and not a few of the Regulars^ or Monaftick Clergy. By means whereof, their Friends and Factors grew fo powerful, as to op- pofe fuch motions both in Court and Council, as tended to the prejudice of the Reformation 5 infomuch, that when King Phi- lip had given order to the Dutchefs of Parma to fend two thou- fand Horfe to the aid of Charles the French King againft the Hugonots 5 the Prince of Orange and his party did openly oppofe, and finally over-rule it at the Council- Table. This gave in- couragement to the Calvinijls to try their Fortune once again, not in Valenciennes as before , but in the ptincipal Cities of "Brabant and Flanders. At Rnpelmond*, a chief Town of Flan- ders0 a Prieft which had been gained unto their opinions, and was imprifoned for the fame , fell on a defperate defign of firing the next room unto him , wherein were kept the Monu- ments and Records of the Prince 5 to the end that while the Guards were bulled in preferving things that, concerned the publick, he might finde a handfome oportunity to get out of their hands. But the fire being fooner quenched then he had imagined , both he and his Accomplices, which were nine in number, were brought unto the place of Execution, and there juftly fuffered* the Prieft himfelf declaiming bitterly againft Calvin at his Execution, and charging all his fufferings upon *. that Lm. in. Xt:t tyfto:? of ti)e pjcsbytcnans. 105 UDOO that account. Ar Antwerp nuc I ' .ibrr, /w, onct .■ .1 C imlite Fryar, bur now I great promoter o( Calvim* Doftrin , had gained much people m t h m r licit- ; tor which being apprehended. he had judge men 1 of death. Bui being brought unto the Stake, fucli a (bower oi Stones wth feon to fa I up >n th ■ htfad >r 1 Hang-nun, that not daring to abide the* ftdrm till the fire hul done, he drew hn Ssvord and (heat he d i in the \J ifonera body, and after laved himfelf by fecming ro mak in' fie Tumult. And the nexi day they caufed fome Verfes writ in bloud to be pofh d up, in which ified, that ti jfome m Antwerp who" had vowed reirci tor the be committed ctafe p'rifoners, and to be fed wirh m but bread and water, the party in the mean time being lei liberty. 24. Startled with Tumult after Tutnulr, but more with the 15-5- unhandfome carriage of the S.-n.ue or ttrrget^ the K order to his Sifter ti'- Lady GovernefS| r > fee hit 1 E- dit^ feferel^ executed, and m rre particularly to take fpecial care that the Decreet and Can >n* of the C 1 incil or' Vrcnt be prefeotly received and obeyed in all the Provinces : Agirnfl which Orders of the King, though miny ol th • gr it I. >r h oppofed at the Council- Table , yet the G01 i • d ir. xz the lair. And thereupon theoppofite party mcenf rl Bra- bafttcrs againft admitting the Edi rsor the mdemtime C >uncil, ab tending mnitdtlv to the-vij ition of rheir ancient privi- ledges : At which though moft of hem r ir b 1 n- ed but (lowly, pr needing oncly ar -he Rift in the w \] I e- monft ranee , which forthe m ►$ part ca ried in »re then flame. But after the Minifters and Agents of In I int oiNa/j'arr (one of the younger brothers oT the Princ ol Orange) were returned from Htidtlbtrgy there appeared a k nde <-t a fpirir aroongft the -people. He had before wirh certain other Nob e men ol his age and quality betook himlV - v --/, cither for curiofit) or (rudy,br for fome v.- rle purpofe,whcre t>e- ing wrought uponbv the Calvinisms .vhich con verfed with them, and huding their o^vn people to b inquisitive after ne.v op in tons ,t hey were not fpar'ng in the co nmendation of the {^eli- sion which they found excrciied in that City, and feemed towifh tor nothing more then that they might have liberty of C>nfci- enceto profefs the fame. But it ig that fo 1 buftnefs could not be carried on fuccefsfuily bu ol Arms, he hid his Agents in the Court of the Prince E ftor tor getti ne P a ill ft a 1 io6 %t)e ^itto$ of tt)e $jesbptetian& ~L7Zui alfiftance., if it came to blows, or under colour of his name to awe the Goveroefs. And it fell out according unto his defire: tor hereupon the party animated with new hopes, renewed their former courfe of libelling againft the prefent Government with greater acrimony then before, difperfmg no fewer then five thoufahd of thofe fcandalous Pamphlets within the compafs of a year, by which the people were exafperated and fitted for engaging in any a^ion , which by the cunning of their Lea- ders,and the infinuations of their Preachers, mould be offered to them, 25. But thefe were onely the preparatives to the following Tumults 5 for in the middle of thefe heats, nine of the Lords not being Officers of State , convened together at Breda, the principal Seat and mod allured hold of the Prince of Orange, where they drew up a Form of aa Ajjociation, which they called the Covenant, contrived by Philip Marnixius Lord of Aldegand, a great admirer of the perfon and parts of Calvin. In the pream- ble whereof they inveighed bitterly againft the Inquificion, as that which being contrary to all Laws both Divine and Humane, did far exceed the csuelty of all former Tyrants : they tnen declared in the name of themfelvesand the reft of the Lords, that the care ot Religion appertained to them as Councellors born, and that they entred into this AfTociation for no other reafon, but to pre- vent the wicked practices of (uch men, asunder colour of the fentences of death and b«inimment , aimed at the Fortunes and deftruciions of the greatelt perfons : that therefore they had taken an holy Oath not to fuiTer the faid Inquifition to be irn- pofed upon their Country : praying therein, that as wt)l God as man would utterly toi fake them, if ever they forfook their Co- venant, or failed to affift their Brethren which fuffered any thing in that Caule; and finally, calling G« d to witnefs, that by this Covenant.and Agreement amonglt themfelves, they intended no- thing but the Glory of God, Honour oftheir King, and theirCoua- tries peace. And to this Covenant as they fubferibed before their parting, fo by their Emiftaries they obtained fubferiprion to it over all their Provinces , and for the credit of thebulinefs, they caufed the fame* to be tranflated into feveral Languages, and publifhed a Report that not onely the Chief Leaders of the Bugonots in France , but many of the Princes of Germany had fublcribed it alfo : which whether it were true or not, certain it is, that the Confederacie was fubferibed by a confiderable number of the Nobility, fome of the Lords of the Privy- Council, and not a few of the Companions of the Golden Fleece. 26. Of the nine which firft appeared in the defigne, the prin- cipal were Henry Lord of Breherode, defcended lineally from Sigefride3the fecond Son of Arnold, the fourth Earl of Holland $ Count Lodowick. of Naffaw before mentioned^ and Florence Count of Culemberg, a Town of Gueldres> but anciently priviledged from t in. %\\z i)\tto;y oftttcpjcstytcrmns, 107 from all fubje&ion to the Duke thereof Accompanied with two hundred of t he- principal Covenant ei , each of them bavin ■ cafe of Piftols at his Saddle-bow, Brtdtrodi enters Brmjjjtli in the bi ginning of April to which he is welcomed by Count Horn* and the Prince or ortmge , which laft had openly .• p ared f<>c t hem at the Council* Table, when the unlawfulncfs of the con- federacy was in agitationi And having taken up their Lodging n Cml ni Pe, they did not oncly once again fubferibe the C venant, but bouno themfelvcs to ftand toone another l>v :i fo- lemo Oath. The tenourof which Oath was to this effect, That if any or them fhould be imprifoned, either tor rVeiigion or tor the Covenant, immediately the reft ail other bufinefs laid atide, (hould take upatmsfot hisaftiftance and defence. Marching i next day by two M\d two till they came to the Court, they p relent- ed their petition to the Lad] r\egent9by the hands of Bredtrc whodefired her in a fhori Speech at the tendry of ic, to believe that they were honeft men, and propounded nothing to them* felveS) but obedience to the Laws, Honour to the King, and fafety to their Country. Thefumof the Petition was, rhat the Spanifh InqniHtton might be abolifhed, the Emperours I re- pealed, and new ones made by the advice of the filiates of the Countries. Concerning which we are to know, that the Emperouc had pair fevcrai Edicts againlt the Lutherans, the lirlf of which was publithed in the year I 5 ^ r , and the fecond about five yean after, Anno i s 2^a by means whereof many well-meaning people had been burnt tor Heroticks : I ut that which mofl estreme- J) gaulled them, v as the Edict for the bringing in of the 1' ;it>jition, publilhed upon the ?-) of April as before was faid. unit there Edids they complained in the faid Petition. To which upon the morrow Qie returned iuch an anlwcr by the confent of the Council, as might give them good hopes that the Inquilinon fhould be taken away, and th< moderated , but that the King mult tirll be made acquainted with all particu- Jars before they palled into an Acl. VV th which anlwer they returned well fatisficd unto Cutcntberg-bjujc, which was pre- pared for the entertainment of the chic I I Federates. 37. 1 o this Houfe Bredcrodc invites the re It of his Company, bellows a prodigal Feaftopon them; and in the middle of theic Cups it was p t to the quefVion, by what nunc their Confcdc* racie fhould be called. Thofe of their patty in Frame were differenced from the reft by the I migonois, and in Eng- land (much about that time) bv the Dame of funtans ) nor was it to be thought but that their foil might be as capa- ble of fome proper and peculiar appellati >n, as in Frame or Fnglxnl. It happened that at fuch time as they came to ten- der their Petition , the Govcrnefs feemed troubled at fo great a number, and that Count E.nlamont (a man or mod approved fidelity to bis Ma jellies lervrce) advifed her nor to be difcou- raged at it, telling her in the French tongue betwixt i c ft and V 2 earnclr. 1 18 %fy ^tttca? of tt)e ^esbptettan& l \ b. in. earneft, that they were but Gueux ( or Gheufes, as the Dutch pronounced it) that is to fay5men of diffolute lives and broken fortunes, or in plain Englifh Rogues and Beggars. Upon which ground they animated one another by the name of Gheufes, and calling for great bowls of Wine, drank an health to the name 5 their Servants and Attendants crying out with loud acclamati- ons, Vive les Gueus^ long live the Gheufes. For the confirming of which name, Brederode takes a Wallet which he fpyed in the place, and laid it on one of his Shoulders as their Beggars do, and out of a Wooden difh brim-full drinks to all the Company 5 thanks them for following him that day with fuch unanimity, and ^inds himfeif upon his honour to fpend his life, if need mould be, for the generality of the Confederates, and for eve- ry member of them in particular : Which done , he gave his Difh and Wallet to the next unto him, who in like manner pafr. it round, till they had bound themfelvesby this ridiculous Form of initiation to (land to one another in defence of their Cove- nant , the former acclamation of Long live the Gheufes ^ being doubled and redoubled at every Health. The jollity and loud acclamations which they made in the Houfe, brought \ ther the Prince of Orange , Count Egmont , and Cunt llorne^ men of moft Power and Reputation with the common pe pie 5 who feemed fo far from reprehending the debauchery which they found amongfr. them,that they rather countenanced the fame 5 the former Healths and Acclamations being renewed and followed with more heat and drunken biavery then they were at firft: on which incouragement they take upon themfelves in earned: the name of Gheufes ^ and by that name were folemnly proclaim- ed by that Raskal Rabble at their coming out 5 which name being taken thus upon them, as the mark of their Faction, was afterwards communicated to all thofe of the fame Reli- gion. 28. Returning to their feveral dwellings, they caufed a mif- chievous report to be fpread abroad, not onely that they had obtained a fufpenfion of the Emperours Edi&s , and an ex- emption from the power of the'Inquifition* but that the Com- panions of the Order of the Golden Fkece, being men of moft Authority both in Court and Council, had declared for them in the Gaufe. To gain belief to which report, a falfe and coun- terfeit paper is difperfedamongft them, in which it was notified to all that (hould read the fame, that the Lords and Compani- ons of the Fleece hadfworn by their Order to the Gentlemen chofen by the Eftatesof the Country , to prefent the defires of the people to the Lady Regent , That from thenceforth the Ec- clefiajiical Inqujfttors and other Magifiratef fjould punifl) no man for his Religion , neither by imprifonment^ exilc-y or death? nnlefs it were jojned with a popular tumult , and the public^ ruinc of their Country } of which the Covenanters thentftlves were 99 be the Judges* And though the Govemefs took the w if eft 2nd L i c in. %\)t i>iftozp of ti)c i&jcsbpttrians* i \9 and nmfr fpecdy courfe botfl to difcovct :in Home and. Orange, ( whofe Brother Count Lodowick^ was fufpefted for a chief contriver of the prefent rrifchief) of a contrary judge- ment, fo that (lie could proceed no further $ and indeed ihe durft not } for prefently a fecret Rumour wasdifperfed, that if (he did not fo far gratitiethe Covenanters and their adherents, that every man might have liberty to go to Sermons, and no man be punifhed for Religion, (he fhould immediately fee all the Churches in hrujjels fired , the Priefts murthertd, and her felf imprifoned. For fear whereof, though (he took all Cafe courfes for her own fecurity , yet (he found none fo fafe as the granting of fome of their demands to the Chief Confpirators, by which the Provinces for the prefent did enjoy fome quiet. But thi* was onely like an Intermiffion in the fit of an Ague ; For prefently hereupon (he received advertifement that thofe of the Reformed party were not onely fuffered to take unto themfelves fome Churches mMxchlin^ Antwerp and Tonma*^ which till then had never been permitted '-, but that at Vtrecht they had driven the Catholicks out of their Churches , and at the Bofch had forced the Bilhop to forfakethe City, as their ho- ly Fathets in Geneva had done before them. And in a word, to make up the meafure of her forrows, and compleat their in- folencies, (he had intelligence of the like Tumult raifed at Amjierdant^ where fome of the Reforming Rabble had broken into a Monaftery of the Francifcans , defaced all Confecrated things, lib- [jr. xiie i)ift02V of tl)c $?estyttrian& 1 1 3 things, beat ami ftoned our the R our ground iog fomc of the principal Senate i doings . 33. Provoked with thefc indignities, (be i Jaft rem* dy, which was, to bring them to i Arms ; and therein (he had no finall < King hio flu ranee < f i(iiframc< of Germanj as itill adhered onto th( Pop or fo It. ir- 1 th< < f tbi that 1 1 to confultati n Prince, or pu under the I ent M march, bj be countenai r King, and pri\ d in th n't of th< in. [1 tint // , and difperfed in the chiel of it $ i 1 iift King was burled in looking to 1 1 ; might the left rd the Tumults which therluHch : ami \ c: for fear that Project might n reed upon that a combination the beads of the Covenanters, and the ] tween wh< m ir was finally concluded, and th< ra- tified by a folemn raking or' the Sacrament on either I ir the Covenanters lliould protect the Merchants againft all n whatfi ever, who laboured ro reft rain them in t >rn or Confcience; and that the Merchants (hould fupply the Cove- nanters with Inch lums of money as might enable them ro through with the Work begun. Ic alio u the Cslvimidu party for a time (hould fuppn ir own, a make proteliion of conformity to the Luther.- u- in the Confeffion ot Autbtrg^ in hope thereby of hav: fuccour and relief from the Lutheran Princes, it the King (hoi ; to force them in the way o( Arms: which v. -ly pej '.. And that being done, they caft then feparate and diftina tVepublick from that of the State Supreme Confiftory in the City of Antwerp , and fomeinferi ur Judicatories in the other Cit us, (but all lubordinate unto that of Antwerp*) in which they take upon them the choice o( Ma ftratts, f cjt man md directing all Affairs which e rncd the Fadrion. 24. Of all thefe Plot- and Confutations, the I punclu- ally informed by the vigilant Governed , and th >;i cau; a report to be difperfed, that he intended to beftow a Royal vi- il tr en his Belgick. Provinces ^ but fitft to Lmooth I him by a puiiTant Army* On this ad v 1 1 e Governt refum< her courage, complains how 1 the Covenanters had. abufed her favours} and pubhckly declares, that (he had onely en them leave to meet together for hearing Sermons of their n$ but that their Miniftei took open them to Baptize Marry3 and perform all 1 a dili Q^ inan- 1 1 4 %tyt $ittc# of $e #$egbptetian& l i b. m manner from that allowed of by the Church , That they had fet up divers Confiftories and new Forms of Government, not war- ranted by the Laws of the feveral Provinces $ That they had opened divers Schools for training up their Children in Hereti- cal Principles } That they had raifed great fums of Money un- der pretence of purchafing a toleration of the King(whofe Piety was too well known to be fo corrupted) but in plain truth, to levy Souldiersfor a War againft him > That therefore (he com- mands all Governours and Deputy- Governours in their feveral Provinces, not onely to diffolve Heretical Meetings (otherwife then for Sermons onely) in the time to come , but to put Gar- rifons into fuch of the Towns and Cities as were held fufpecl:- ed} or were moft likely to be feized on to the Kings diflervice. By this Remonftrance, feconded with the news of the Kings in- tention, the leading Covenanters were fo ftartled, that they refolved on the beginning of the War, and were accordingly in Arms, before the Governefs had either raifed Horfe or Foot, more then the ordinary Train^bands, which were to be main- tained in continual readinefs, by the Rules of that Govern- ment. But firft, they thought it moft agreeable to the State of Affairs, to pofTefs themfelves of fuch ftrong Towns as cither ftood convenient for the letting in of Forreign Succours, or o- therwife for commanding the adjoyning Territories. In which defigne they fpeed fo well , that many great Towns declare for them of their own accord 5 fome were furprifed by fuch of the C&lvinian Leaders as had friends amongft them ; and fome were willing to ftand neutral till they faw more of it. But none fared better at the firft then Anthony of Bomber g, one of the Calvinijis of Antwerp, who having formerly ferved the Hh- gonot Princes in the Wars of France^ had put himfelf into the Bofch, from whence the Faction had not long before expelled their Bifhop : And there he played his game with fuch fraud and cunning, that he put the people into Arms, made himfelf Mafter of the Town , and turned the Cannon upon Count Megben, who was Comroiflionated by the Governefs, amongft other things, to plant a Garrifon in the fame. 35. This good fuccefs encouraged many of the reft to the like attempts, but few of them with fo good Fortune. The Count of Brederode having Fortified his own Town of Viana, a fmall Town of Holland, ftretcheth his Arms from thence to imbrace the reft, and takes in Amfierdam it felf without opposition $ but having the like aim on Vtrecht, he found his hopes defeated by the Count of Megben, who got in before him. Worfe fared it with Philip de Marnix, Lord of Tboloufe, another of the An- iwerpian Calvinijis, of greater power then Bomberg, but oflefs dexterity : holding intelligence with the Provoft of Middle' berg, he entertained a defign of furprifing Vlnflring, and there- with the whole Ifle of Walcberen, and the reft of Zealand, To which end he embarks his men, and fails down the Scheldt, not without L i b. III. %\)t tyttojp of tt)e p2rsbytcrian<\ 1 1 5 without (omc good hopcot erTe&ing his enterprise before say difcovcry was made of it. But the Governcfs knew of wh * importance the laid Illand was, and was there before him in her Forces, though not in her perfon. r\epul fed from thence* he marchcth back again towards Antwerp, rakeN up his Quar- ters in the Borough of oftervi// , the Sunth.r.tr'^ as it were of Antwerp , and from thence fo named) where lie 1* it upon Lanoj) another of the r\eget#s Captains g the Borough fii bout his ears, himfelf burned in a liirn, fifteen thouiand of hfj Souldicrs killed in the flight , three hundred ot them taken and then put to the Sword : Which execution was thought necefla.- ry as the cafe then ffood , tor fear the Ctlvmijis in the City might renew the light, and put him worle to ir then before: Nor were they wanting to their Friends in that defperate exi- gent, whofe [laughter they beheld from the Walls of the Ctrj but when they thought to pals the Bridge, they found no Bl i I at all to give them pallage : the Prince of Orange bein » then at Antwerp, had cauled it to be broken down the d 1 not out ot any dcfignc to prevent the Calvimfts from i their Brethren, but rather to hinder the Victorious Carholi (if it (hould fo happen) from making any ufe of it to polTel the City. But the CAvinijis not knowing of his fecrcc pur- pofes, tumultuoblly allembled tv> the number of fourteen thou- sand men, fell foul upon him in the Streets, reviled him by the name of Traytor,and clapped a Piltol to his Bread, and q le- ft ionlefs had proceeded to fome greater outrage, it the Luthe- rans (hating the Ctlvmijls^rA as hateful to them) had noi ; >vn~ ed with the Papijlj, and thereby over* powered them both in ftrength and numbers. . But none fared worfe then the CAvinitnt of Tourn.ty and r.iicm nnnes, though they were both (tronger and more nu- merous then in other places. Thofe of Vdlenciennss had refilled to admit a Garrifon , encouraged by their French Preachers td that difobedience. But being befieged by Norcamuus, Deputy- Go veroour of Hayndlt for the Marcjuefs of Bergen, they were compelled in the end to fubuiit to mercic •, which was (o in- termixed with juftice, that thirty fix of the principal Incendi- aries were beheaded, Tome of their Preachers hanged, and fome Souldiersxxecuted i the Liberties of the City being fei£ed,and declared to be forfeit til! the King fhould be plea fed ro reitore them. Thole of Vtltncitnmts had been animated by the Con- fiftorics of fome other Cities to make good the Town againft Ncrrjrntiu.r , as long as they could } alluring them that hemuft ihortly raile the Siege, to quench the tire that would be kindled in another Province. Accordingly it was contrived that fome Foot- Companies which lay in Armtmtieret thou Id waffe the Coun- try about L'Jtc \nl~ Ltnders Calltctnt ; M)d that whilft R4\[inghcn the Governouf of LrJ.c drew out of the City to fupprefs then- , the C.tlvinijh of Tonrnaj by the aid ot their Brethren within .-.im th hii F inily ret i ret h unto his County of N bur leaves Ins Mini- fters behinde him to maintain his fnrerefl : Count Brtdertde parts lor Germany, where he dyed foon atier: CoUffl %m de Ix Mirch, commonly called the Baron of Lnmey\ Uo ru- ery in the Realm of England : Bombtrg nor rinding any i.it to be had in the W$fck , abandoneth it to the l'v Empi , by whom it was not one] y forced tore*, i > G^rnlon, I al/o to redeem their priviledgei torn fum or money. Vcr which molt of the revolted Citiei came in fofpefcdi]y,that there was nothing to be feen of the late K ;b Won. -:. And here the Country might h refetied in \ti r, firm obedience ., if either thcKmi; had gone m per Ton to con- firm the Provinces , or hadimployed a Mtntfter lefs od o » then the Duke ot aIvm , the cruelty o( whofe nature was b th known and feared , or rather, if the Prince ot Orange, ai d I relf ot rhac Fa H n, had not preferved themfelvcs tor an stter- ganre, Bur the King frays behinde , and the Duke comes t \v"d. And coining forward with an Army of experienced Souldiers, entrerh the Provinces, a (fumes the Government, im- priloncth many oi theN< bilit\ } the Counts of Horn and Egmoml among!) the reif, wh >m he after executed . The news there- of being brought unto Cardinal Granvel, he is reported '" have faid,That if one /•///» ( t> y which he meant the Prince of OrimgtJ hid ejeaped th' Nit the Duks of Alva1/ draught toohI I be notb worth And (o 't proved in the event , t >r the Piii.ce being ftrong in Kindred and Alliances in the Higher Germany^ m. life of all his intereff. in them for the fecuring > t hi> life, a, id the recovery of I is Lands and Honours, of which he v. as judi- cial!) deprived by the Duke of Alva , who caufed the fentence of condemnation to be palled upon him confifcates his t.ltaie, pro enbes his per f on, placeth a G art i Ton in ! rc.it, en reth on all the i eft or his Towns and Lands s and finally, feiz Dtt rh'l'p karl of huren his eldcft Son, whom he fc t prifoner in D Spam. The news whereof gave little trouble to the Prince, bt«.a ile it made his taking Arms the more excufable in the fig t o* men : For now, befides the common quarrel of his Country, iddthccaufc of rXeligion, he might pretend an unavoidable n :e(firy of fighting for his Life,Landg,H mours and Poftenrv, uu- 1 fs he would betray them all by a wilful fluggiflinefs. Betides, he was not without hope, that if hefhould milcarry 1 i the prefent enterprife, his Eldeff. Son, being brought up in the Court i t Spam , might be reffored to t rates which hi nlelt had loll , but if he prolpered in his work, and that the Kin^ mould ft ill think fit to detain him Prifoner, he had another Son by the Daughter of Ssxtmie, who might fucceed him, as he did, in his power and greatnefs. ^.;. But firft, be thought it m -ecableto his prefent con- dition, to employ other hauds and heads bclidcs hit own, to whi 1 18 %%% ty&m of tt)e $izstyut\an& l i b. hi. which end he had fo contrived it,that whilft his brother Lodowic^ invaded Friefland&nd Count Hoftrat out of jf«//'er/and the Low- er Palatinate croffed over the Mofe, an Army of the Frenc h Hu- gonets mould fall into ^r/ozr, to give the Spaniards the more work by this treble invafion. But the French Forces being followed at the heels by fome Troops of Horfe whom the King fent af- ter them, were totally defeated neer the Town of St. VaUery 5 their Chief Commanders brought to Paris, and there beheaded. Count Hojlrat with his Forces had the like misfortune, firft bro- ken, and afterwards totally vanquished by Sancho d' Avila one of Alva's Generals : Onely Count Lodowick had the honour o£ afignal Victory, but bought it with the death of his brother A- dolph whom he loft in the Battail j though afterwards encountring with the Duke himfelf, he loft fix thoufand of his men, befides all his Baggage,Ordnance and Ammunition,hardly efcaping withi his life. And now it is high time for the Prince to enter '-, who having raifedan Army of eight and twenty thoufand Horfeand Foot (increafed not long after by the addition of three thou- fand Foot and 6ve hundred Horfe, which the French Hugonot? out of pure Zeal unto the Caufe had provided for him) takes his way toward Brabant , which he had marked out for his Quarters j but there he round the Dukes whole Army to be laid in his way, whom he could neither pafs by, nor ingage in fight '-, the Duke well knowing, that fuch great Armies wanting pay, would disband themfelvesj and were more fafely broken 6y delay then battail '-, onely he watched their motions, and in- gaged by parties , in which he always had the better : And by thefe Arts fo tired the Prince, that in the end he was com- pelled to diifolve his Forces, and retire once more into Na/faiv. But whilft the Duke was thus imployed infecuring the paffages of the Country which lay next to Germany, he left the Ports and Sea- Towns open to thenext Invadour: Which being obferved by William de March Baron of Luma , who with few Ships kept himfelf upon the Seas out of Alva's reach, he fuddenly feized upon the Brill, a Port of Holland, where he defaced fuch I- mages as he found in their Churches , omitting no irreverence unto any thing which was accounted Sacred -, but otherwife fo fortified and intrenched the Town , that it proved impregna- ble. This hapned on Palm-Sunday, Anno 1570 5 and on the Sunday following, being Eafier-day , the SpaniJJ) Garrifon is turned out of vlufiing, the chief Port of Zealand : by gaining of wh?ch two places , it might not be unfitly faid , that they carried the Keys of Holland and Zealand at their Girdles, and were inabled by that means to receive fuccours from ail Parts and Nations which lay towards the Sea, as they after did. 40. The lofs of thefe two Ports drew along with it a de- fection of moft of the ftrong Towns in Holland, which at the inftigation of the Baron of Lumj, put themfelves under the com- L i b. in. Tty fetttt? of tf)c VMcsbytmans. 1 19 Command of the PriOCC of Or.inyr, and at his motion r >ok the Oath of fidelity to him) from him they received their Garri* ion, Shipping flnd Anns, and to him they permitted the difpofing of all places of Government, making of Laws, and the dilfn- buting of the Kevenues which belong^l to the Clergy : To him Inch multitudes repaired out of I- ranee and Fn^lanA, (beli Auxiliary Scots) that within left then four months, a Navy of one hundred and fifty Sail lay rigged in Vlmfliing^ and fi ua thence i polled and robbed all Merchants of the SPsmifi party. Nor were the Dukes Affairs in much better order in the parts next Frdmce-y in which Count Lodorvit\ with the help of iome French Hugonots had made hiinlelf Mailer of Afons , the chief City of Hajnalt \ which (eemed the more conOderable in the < of Alva, becaufe the Fre«r£K.ing openly, bui t 'i different en had avowed the Action. 1 > y whole permillim , Gaj'p-:r Col- ligny, the great Admiral of France, and one of the chief Lead of the llngonot party, had railed an Army in the Borders, con- lifting of lix or (even thoufand men, which he put under the command ot the Lord of ']cnlis, who had before conduced the French Succours to the Prince of Orange. But jenlis being de- feated by Don Frederick the Dukes Fldeft Son, and the Prince of Orange wanting power to relieve the bclieged , the Town was re-delivcred into the hands of the Spaniards upon terms of honour, and Lodowick. retires to Dilemberg, the chief Town of Najjar*. 41. The Prince of Orange in the mean time, animated by the General revolt of almolf all the if rong Towns in Holland^ railed a new Army of no fewer then eleven thouland Foot and fis. thoufand Hotfe :, with which he cntred into Br*£«ir/, pofTeft himfelf of fome of the principal Towns, and fullered others to redeem themielves with great funis of money, with which he Satisfied his Souldiers for their pains and hazard in the ob- taining of the rclf. Dcnderotond and Omdemsrd , two ft rong Towns of Flanders which had made fome refinance, h- b (formed and plundered 5 the Souldiers in all places making fpoil of Churches, and in fome tyrannizing over the dead, whole Monuments they robbed and pillaged. But none fared worfe then the poor Prielfs, whom out of hate to their Keligion, they did not onely pnt to death , but put to death with tortures } and id fome places which fell under the power of the har$n of Luma, hanged up their mangled Limbs or Quarters, ui Butchers do their fma!l Meats in a common Shambles : which fpoils and cruelties fo alienated the affections of all the people, that his power in thole parts was not like to continue long } and having failed of his attempt in relieving Afons, crolled the Country in- to Holland. a* his fureff receptacle^on whole retreat the Duke re- covers all the Towns which he had taken in Brab tnt and Flanders, follows him into Holland, and beficgeth Harlem ; in which the SouldierSjto dcmonlfrate of what Sect they were, made a meer Pageant 1 20 %$t j$fto# of tlje $it&ovMim& l i b. ii i. Pageant of Religion : for fetting up Altars on the Bulwarks, they drefTed them with Images and reprefentations of the Saints^ and being attired in Copes and Veftments, they fung Hymns before them, as if they were offering Devotions. After which mockery they brought outethe refemblances of Priefts and Reli- gious perfons made of ftfaw, whipt them, and dabbed them in- to the body *■> and finally, cutting off their heads, flung them in- to the Leaguer : Sometimes they alfo placed the Images of" Chrift,and many of the Saints5againft the mouth of theCannon, with many other Arts of the like impiety 5 for which they were brought to a dear reckoning when the Town was taken '■> at v/hich time moft of them were either put to the Sword , or hanged, or drowned. 42. Frederic^ the Pkince Elector Palatine had hitherto in- gaged no further in the Belgich^ troubles then the reft of his Neighbours. But now he doth more cordially efpoufe the quar- rel, upon feme hope of propagating the Calvinian Doctrines, which he had lately introduced into his Dominions. And be- ing well affected to the Houfe of Najfaiv, and knowing what encouragements the Calvinian Faction in the Netherlands had received from them, cheerfully hearkened to fucH propositions as were made to him at the firft by Count Lodowick^ his Mini- fters, and after by the Agent of the Prince himfelf. He had fent fome aid not long before to fupport the Httgonots :Rut now his Souldiers being returned from France, and grown burden- some to him 9 are drawn together into a body } and with the help of fome others out of France and Germany, compound an Army of feven thoufand Foot and four thoufand Horfe, with lich he fends Prince Chrijlopher a younger fon, under the con- duct cf Count Lodowick^ and his Brother Henry* But they had fcarce enrrtd within the Borders of Gclderland , where they expected an addition of frefh Forces from the Prince of Orange^ when they were fet upon by Sanchio dy Avila before mentioned, and routed with fo great a (laughter , that almoft: all the whole Army were either taken prifoners, remedilefly wounded, or (lain outright : and asfor their three Generals, Lodovoich^oi Najfarv, Grave Henry, and the young Prince Chrijiopher, they were ei- ther ilain fighting in the battail, or trampled under the Horfes Feet , or finally, (tilled in the flight, as they eroded the Fens, the laffc more probable, becaufe their bodies were not to be found on the ftricreft fearch. 43. But notwithstanding this misforfune,neither the Prince E- Jefror nor the Prince of Orange could be moved to defert the Caufe, which by the temptation of revenge was grown dearer to them. For after this we finde Prince Caftmir, another of the Palatine Princes, in the Head of an Army raifed for af- fixing the Confederates in the Belgick, Provinces, (by which name they began to be commonly called) after the death of Reque- fenetj who had fucceeded Alva in the publick Government 5 but l i c in. %\)z i?ifto:v of tl)c i&csbptcuanc.' i ; 1 bur warning time before his death ro (crtlc the command infom • trufty hands, till fome Supreme Officer might be fent unto them from the Court ot spun; the Govcrnmeot devolve the prefeoton the Council of Srate,and wa, invaded afterwards byjthe States theinfelves,wbofe Dcputiesaflembling i.i the Couo« cil-houfeor Court of Brnjjilsy made up the body of tl '■ in- cil which governed all Affairs both of Peace and War, I great contentions growing betwixt th< in and the Sould thofe contentions followed on cither fide with great anim< the Prince of Ortmge had a mod excellent oppoitunit) t r : eAablilhing of his new Dtfatorfhip I v^and / • . and fume ot the adjoyning Provinces of lefs name and no But being weary :i the lair i t thcii own confu(i< n impatieut of the infupp »rrable inlolencies of the § ul- dters? an Aflociition is firft made in the Provinces uf »/, Ftsmdrrs, Anoit and Hsymslt. Bv which it wai agreed in Writing, and confirmed \ Oath, rhat they ihould mutually alfift each other agatnft the Sfgntardi till they had cleared the Country of them. And with tnefe Provinces , confifting (or the moft part ot fuchas > ere counted Catholicks, Holland and Zealand, with the reft, though efteemed heretical, did affbeiate alfo: which Union is called comm »nlj x\ie?seifisathu ofGiunt, becaufe agreed on in that City, and was I » much infilled on by the Heads of t ie Leaguers , that it was COI d by the Prince, not to admit of Don Job* for their Supreme Go- vern, ur , till lie had ratified and confirmed that AIL ela- tion. 44. But becaufe there was no mention of maintaining the" Kings Authority, or preferviog the Catholick R n in the Originals of the League '■> it was found necefTary to provide for both by lome explication , to take away the envy and fufpition of that great difloyalty which ptherwife mufl have fallen upon them. And by that explication ir was thus de- clared, viz,, that they would faithfully from theilCt forth main- tain the League, for the conservation of their moft Sacred Faith, and the Komao Catholick Religion \ for preferving the Pacification ir.diU- at Gaunt •■> tor the expullion of the Spaniards and their adherents :, ihtir due obedience to the K.'ngS moft ex- cellent Majelty being always tendered. According to which explication, it wascoofirmed by Don 'john under the name of : perpetual with the Kings confent ; who thought his n Authority and the Roman tleli i a to be thereby lutfui- ently provided for, but he found the contrary. For when the Prince of Orange was required to fubfenbe to the Pacification, with the addition of two Claufes for conftancie in thi ;i- on, and the Kings obedience, he refu(ed i: absolutely, alluring luch as moved it to him, that the Provinces under his com nd or confederacie with him were barred in Conference from fubferibing to th~ prefervation of the Romijb Faith. And a: 1 22 30)e ^tftoil'd , their Priefts ejected, and Inch new Teachers thrulr upon them IS th< y' mod abominated. But liberty of ELeligion be in;.', fir ft adm a confufed liberty of opinions followed thortly after 5 till in the end that Town became the common Sink or. all Sefts .. I Sectaries which hitherto have dilfurbed the Church, and piovcd the created fcandaland dihhonor or the Reformation 46. HoIIakI had lately been too fruitful of lois viperous brood, but never more unfortunate , then in producing lu George of Deife, and Henry Nt.hol.ts or Lei.ien , the t ., 1 M on Iters of that age: but the impieties of the firlr were to > grids and hoi rid to fir.de any followers } the latter was fo imoothed over as to gain on many , whom the Impoftor had ieduced. The Anabtptifs out of IP eft p bslid had found ill here in the beginning of the Tumults } and pollibiy might con- tribute both their hearts and hands to the committing or thjfe fpoil^ and outrages b-fore remembred. In imitation of whofe counterfeit piety, and pretended tinglcnefs of heart, there ffarted up another Sect .b dangero is and dcltruclive to human? S iciety as the former were } for by infinuating themfelves mo the heart of the ignorant multitude,undera flu wot- fingular San 'Mr v and Integrity, did afterwards infect their mindci with damnable He- retics, openly repugnant to the Chriftian Faith. In ordinary Speech they uled new and monliraus kindes of expreffions, ro Which the ears of men brought up in the Chriftian Church bad not been ICCuftomed , and all men rather wondered at then uo- derftood . To difference themlelvcs from the re(f of ma nkinde, they called their Sect by the name of the Psmilj of Love, and laboured to pcrfwadc their hearers, that rhoieonely were elected unto life Fternal, which were by them adopted Children of that Holy Family 5 and that all others were but Reprobates and IV 3 damned 1 24 %ty ^iftc*? of tDe $it&tytmm& l i b. m . Damned perfons. One of their Paradoxes was (and a fafe one too) that it was lawful for them to deny upon oath whatfo- ever they pleafed, before any Magiftrate , or any other whom- foever, that was not of the fame Family or Society with them. Some Books they had, in which their dotages were contained and propagated '-, firft writ in Dutch, and afterwards tranflated into other Languages as tended moft to their advantage $ that is to fay, The Go f pel of the Kingdom j The Lords Sentences 5 The Trophefie of the Spirit of the Lord 5 The publication of peace up- on earth : by the Author H. N, But who this H.N. was, thofe of the Family could by no fair means be induced or inforced by threatnings to reveal. But after , it was found to be this Henry Nicholas of Leiden,whom before we fpake of: Who being emulous of the Glories of King John of Leiden, that moft in- famous Botcher, had moft blafphemoully preached unco all his followers , that he was partaker of the Divinity of Cod , as God •was of his humane nature. How afterwards they paft over into England, and what reception they found there, may be told hereafter. 50. By giving freedom of Confidence to all Se&s and Secta- ries, and amongft others, to thefe alfo,the Prince of Orange had provided himfelf of fo ftrong a party in this Province, that he was able to maintain a defenfive Waragainft all his oppofites, efpeeially after he had gained the Ports of Brill and Vlujhing^ . which opened a fair entrance unto all adventurers out of Eng- land and Scotland. For on the Rumour of this War, the Scots in hope of prey and plunder, the Englifi in purfuit of Honour and the ufe of Arms, reforted to the aid of their Belgick^ Neigh- bours , whofe abfolute fubjugation to the King of Spain was looked on as a thing of dangerous confequence unto either Na- tion. And at the firft they went no otherwife then as Vo- luntiers of their own accord, rather connived at then permitted by their feveral Princes : But when the Government was taken into the hands of the States , and that the War was ready to break out betwixt them and Don John j the Queen of England did not onely furnifh them with large fums of money , but entred into a League or Confederation 5 by which it was a- greed, That the Queen mould fend unto their aid onethoufand Horfe and five thoufand Foot '■> that they mould conclude no- thing refpecling either Peace or War , without her confent and approbation ? that they fhould not enter into League with any perfon or perfons , but with her allowance, and (he, if me thought good, to be comprehended in the fame, that the States fhould fend the like aid unto the Queen , if any Prince attempted any ad of Hoftility againft her or her Kingdoms^ and that they mould furnifh her with forty Ships of fufficient burthen , to ferve at her pay under the Lord Admiral of Eng- land, whenfoever fhe had any ncceffary occafion to fet forth a Navy 5 and finally (not to iufift upon the reft) that if any diffe- rence L 1 1? in. %ty tyilioip of tl)c picsbytmans, 1 9 rcnce mould arife anongft themfe to be i rred and offered unto her Arbitrament. And to this Lt (he was the rather induced to grant her Royal , becaufc (He had been certainly advertlfcd by the Prince of Otumgion 'John was then negotiating a marriage with rne Queen of Scots^ rhjt under colour or her Title he might advance himlelf to the Crown of EwgUttd, And yet ihe ventured neither men I money, bat on very good terms:, receiving in the way of pawn the great eft part of the rich Jewels and mali'ie Ornanc, Plate which anciently belonged unto the Princes of the Houfe of Burgundy. 51. This League exceedingly iocreafed the reputation of I new Confederacy, and made the Stater appear confidcrab'e in the eyeot the world. And more it might have been, it either Don John's improfperous Government had continued longer, or ii liiu Prince of Orgmge had not entertained fome Son to that Dutchefs whom we have fo often mentioned in this part of our Hiftory. A Prince he was of n > Icfs parts and Mi- litary Prowefs, then any of his Prcdccefl'ors ^bur of a better and more equal temper then the bed: amongfl them 3 whereof he gave furticient testimony in his following Government, in whi lie was confirmed (afrer the Kings occafioned lingrings) great ftate and honour : For having regained from the Statei lome of the beftTownsof which they had poll e lied themfelvi before the arrival of Don John , he forced them to a necefiity of fome better counfels then thole by which they (leered their COVrfe lince they came to the Helm. And of all counfels none feemed better to the Prince of Orange, then that the Country fliould be ^o cantoned amongfl feveral Princes , that every one being ingaged to defend his own, the whole might be preferv from the power of the Spaniards To this end it had been ad- viUd that 1 I under s and Artoif ihould return to the Crown of } ranee, of which they were holden, and to the Kings whereof the Earls of both did homage in the times foregoing. The Qiieenof Emglsmd was to have been gratitied with the Ifle-. of tesUttdi the Dukedom of Gueldrcs to divert to the next Hci of it } Groning and Devcntcr to be incorporated with the Hmwi$ Holland and hricjianl, together with the diftricht of Vtreek t > be appropriated wholly to the Prince of Orimge, as the re- ward of his defer vingi : the Brtbtnttr* to a new Elecri in, ac- cording to their native rights ; tjie rctt of the Provinces to re- main to the German Empire , of which they had anciently Llarcd. 53, This difrribution I confefs had fome cunning in it, and muft have quickly brought the Spanijh pride to a very low ebb, if he that laid the plot could have given the polTefiion. It is reported that when the Pope offered the Realms of Naples and Sitilj 1 25 %$z ^itto$ of ti)e $it&tyttt\m$. l i pjif. Sicily to King Henry the Third, for Edmond Earl of Lancajler his youngeft Son , he offered them on fuch hard conditions, ("and fo impofiible in a manner to be performed) that the Kings EmbaiTadors merrily told him , he mi^ht as well create a King- dom in the Moon, and bid his Mafter climb up to it , for it mould be his. And fuch a Lunaiy conceit was that of the di- vision and fubdivifion of the Belgick. Provinces, in what Calvini* an head foever it was forged and hammered. For being that each of the Donees was to conquer his part before he could re- ceive any benefit from it , the device wasv not like to procure much profit, but onely to the Prince of Orange, who was al- ready in poffefiion, and could not better fortifie and allure himfelf in his new Dominion, then by cutting out fo much work for the King of Spain, as probably might keep him exercifed to the cad of the world. But this device not being likely to fuccced, it feemed better to the Prince of Orange to unite the Provinces under his command into a Solemn League and AlTociation, to be from thenceforth called the Perpe* tual Vnion. Which League, Aflociation, or perpetual Uni- on, bears date at Vtrecbt on the 23 of Janu xry 1578, and was then made between the Provinces of Ho Uand^Ze aland, Guelders, Zutphen, Vtrecht, Friejland and Ovtryjfet, with their Aflociates, 1570* called ever fince that time the "United Provinces. In the firft making of which League or perpetual Union, it was provided in the firft place , that they ihould infeparably joyn together for defence of themfelves , their Liberty and Religion, againft the power of the Spaniard. But it was cautioned in thefecond, that this Aflociation Should be made without any diminution or alteration of the particular Priviledges, Rights, Freedoms, Ex- cmptionSjStatutes, Cuftoms^UfeSjPreheminencies, which any of the faid Towns, Provinces, Members, or Inhabitants at that time enjoyed. Liberty of Religion to be left to thofe of Holland and Zealand, in which they might govern themfelves as to them feemed good : and fuch a Freedom left to thofe of other Pro- vinces, as was agreed on at the Pacification made at Gautlt '■> by which it was not lawful to inoleft thofe of the Church of Rcme in any manner whatfoever. 53. But more particularly it was provided and agreed on, that fuch Controversies as (hould grow between the faid Pro* virtces, Towns, or Members of this Union, touching their Privi- ledges, Cuftoms, Freedoms,^*1, Should be decided by the ordi- nary courfe of Juftice, or by fome amicable and friendly com- position a mongft themfelves 3 and that no otherCountries^Pro- vinces, Members or Towns5 whom thofe Countries did no way concern, fhall in any part meddleby way of friendly intermif- lion tending to an accord. Which caution I the rather note in this place and time, becaufe we may perhaps look back upon it in the cafe of Barnevelt , when they had freed them- felves from the power of the Spaniards^ and were at leifure to in- L i c in . %i)t ijiftoip of tfic p:rsty>tcnans> 1 27 infringe the publiek Liberties, in r f , c puifuic of their i Animoilties againft one another. Butte proceed: rhi ; more advantagioni unto Qjiecn / i general League ; fo was it afterwards more cordially id by her-, when their neceiiities informed them to caf and. their Eftates upon her protection. But thefe pn fo exafperated the King of Sp§iny thai he pro ice of dramge by his publics! Ed tor, bearing date J*» \ And I on the other lide, the PriOCC prevailed fo fa I upoa thole 0 Union, as to declare by publiek f n/rmincnr , rh.it th 8f*im% by reafon of Ins many violations of their rVi bertics, bad forfeited his I (rate andlntereft m the 1 vinces, and therefore thar they did renounce all manner of dclity and ol o him. Which Inltrumcnr beat on the tw hoi Jul j then n< llowiog. Upon the pa liming i of, they brake in pii Seals, ,l s, and Counter- (ignets of the King of 8p*im '-, appointed others to be nudeby the States General) tor dtfpatchoi fuchbufineff as con- cerned the Vttron or Confederation } requiring all fubjects to renounce their Oaths to the Paid King o( Spain 3 and totakea new Oath of Fidelity to the general Eftate9, againft the laid King and his adherents: the like done alfo bv all Goveroours, Superintendents, Chancellors, Councellors, and oth O'c. They had before drawn the Sword againft him, and now they throw away the Scabberd. For to what <*nd co on aim ar.but to make the breach irreparable bet i them -'.nd the King, to (well the injury Co high, as not to be ::i the compafs or future pardon ? And when men brou' unto fuch a condition, they mulr r> very lair, and eicher carry away the Garland as a figne of V ry, or otherwife live like Slai i, w,cr over Kings and Prince :ri hi i exercifed over the Kings of spjrt.t . and the Roman I bnmes fometimes put in practice . the Ctmfnls. And m then lo, he doth condemn them of a betraying or oppr< the as. Sj t a Mafter could not but I ith Pome apt Scholars in the Schools of Politic, uld reduce his Rules to practice. and juttilie their practice by fucli great Au- thorit 54. But notwithftanding theuofeafonable publication of fuch an unprecedented lent tew ol the Provinces fell off* from • Kings obedience 5 and fuch ftrong Towns as (till remained in the hands ot the States, wet: r forced unto their di: otherwife hard put to it by the Prince of r.irmj. To whom *8 Xfte ^ttc#> of ttje ^csbpteriansu l i b. m. whom bu(ied in fuch fort, that he mould not be in a capacity of troubling his Affairs in Holland^ the Prince of Orange puts the hrabanders (whofe priviledges would beft bear it) to a new Election: And who more fit to be the man then Franck Duke of Anjou, Brother to Henry the Third of France , and then in no finall poffibility or attaining to the Marriage of the Qjeen of England $ Ailiited by the Naval power of the one, and the Land Forces of the other, What Prince was able to oppofch'm ? and what power to withftaod him ? The young Duke palling over into England^ found there an entertainment Co agreeable to all expectations , that the Qjeen was feen to put a Ring upon one or his Fingers s which being loc ked on a> the pledge of a future Marriage , the news thereof polled preftmly to xhc Low Countries by the Lord Aldegund who was then prefent at the Court, wheie it was welcomed both in Antwerp and other places with all fignes of |oy9 and celebrated by diicharging of all the 0.dn?«ce both onibe Walls, and in fuch Ships as then lay on ihe River. Atrer which triumph comes ihe Duke, ac- companied by (ome great L rds of the Court of England, and is inverted iolemnjy by rhe E(rates or rhofe Countries, in the Duktdi ms of Brabant md Limburg, the M 'rnuiiate of the hoJy Empire, and the Lurdlh p or Machlm : which action feems to have been can yed by the power of the Coniiftorian Calvinijis$ for befidcs that ir agrech fo well with their eomnru n Principles, they were grcwnVery ftrongin Antwerp, where Philip Lord of Aldegund.; a proieft Calvinian, was Deputy for the Prince of Orange , as they were alio in moft Towns of confequence in the Dukedom of Brabant. Put on the other fide, the Romifh party was reduced to fuch a low eftate,rhat they could not freely exercifc their own Religion, but onely as it was indulged unto them by Duke Francis, their new-made Soveraign, upon con- dition of taking the Oath of Allegiance tohim, and abdicating the Authority of the King of Spain $ the grant of which permif- fion had been vain and of no fignificancie, if at that titne they could have freely exercifed the lame without it. But whofo- ever they were that concurred moft powerfully in conferring this new honour en him, he quickly ft und that they had given him nothing but an airy Title, keeping all power unto themfelves : So that upon the matter he was noihing but an honourable Ser- vant, and bound to execute the cemmands of his mighty Ma- ilers. In time peihaps he might have wrought himfeif to a greater power 5 but being youog,andill advifed, he ralhly en- terprifed the taking of the City or Antwerp 5 of which being fruftrated by the mifcaniage of his plot,he returned ingloriouily inti France, and foon after dyes. 55. And now the Prince of Orange is come to play his Jaft part < n the publick Theatre : his winding Wit had hitherto preferved his Provinces in fome terms of peace 5 by keeping Den "John exercifed by the General States, and the Prince of Tarma Lie m. 5El)c i)iftozp of t J)c fttttfepttriftiA Tarn/u no left bulled by the Duke of Anjou ■-, nor was there a - ny hope of recovering Holland and Zealand to the Kings obe- dience, but either by open foice, or tome lectet praence $ rhc rirft whereof appeared not poinble, and thelaft ignoble. But the neccHiry ot removing him by what mearn loevcr, prevailed at lalt above all fence and terms ot Honour. And thereupon a defperate young Fellow is iogtged to inurthcr him s which nc attempted by difcha.ging a Pittol in his face, when he was a: Antwerp attending oi\ the Duke ot Anjon \ fo that he hwdiy efcaped with lite. Hut being recovered of that blow, he was not long after (hot with three poyfoa Bullet 9 by one B.i.t'-.i- far Gerard a Eurgttndian born, whom he had lately taken into his fervice : which murder was committed at Dclpb in Holland, on the 10 of Jane 15^4, when he had lived but titty years, and fome months over. He lett behind him three Sons, by as unny Wives. On Anne the Daughter ot A/aximiltan ot Egmont Earl of £«*v«,he begat Philip Earl of Euctn his elcieft Son , whofuj- cceded the Prioce ot Orange after his deceafe. By Anne the Daughter of Maurice Duke Elector of Saxony, he was lather of Grave Maurice, who at the age of eighteen years was made Commander General of the Forces of the Stares United, ani after the death of rhiUp his Elder Brother, fucceeded him in all his Titles and Eftatcs. And finally, by his fourth Wife l.ovijc Daughter of Gafper Colligny great Admiral of France (for of his third, being a Daughter to the Duke of Montpeujicr^hc had never a Son) he was the Father of Prince Henry Frederic^ , who in the year 1^35 became Succeflor unto his Brother in .ill his Lands, Titles, and Commands. Which Henry by a Daughter of the Count of Solmet, was Father of William Prince of Orange, who married che Princefs Alary , Eldeft Daughter of King Charles the fecond Monarch of great Britain : And departing this life in the flower of his youth and expectations, Anno 1650, he left his Wife with Childe of a Poft-humout Son, who after was baptized by the name of IViUiavt, and is now the onely fur- viving hope ot that famous and iliuftrious Family. 56. But to return again to the former William, whom we left i for the Prince of Parnta fo prevailed, that by the taking of Gaunt and Bruges , he had reduced all Flanders to the Kings obedience, brought Antwerp unto terms of yeilding, and carried on the War to the Walls of Vtrecht. la which extremity they offered themfelves to the French King $ but j ; i c. m. Itje i)ittozp of ttje i&jcsbptcmns. r 3 i but his affairs wire fo perplexed by the l\»gonott on the one tide, and ihc Gut fn» Fa&ion on the other, that he w.is not in a fir capacity to Accept the offer. In the next place they have lecourle to the Queen of b.n^land s not as before, to take them into her prote£Hon,but roadceptthetn for herSubjcdls i and that the acceptance might appear with foonfl ihew of juffice, they infill on her defcent from rhiUp Wire to King idir.irl the Third, Sifk-r, and fo me fay Heirof William theThird, Karl of Holland^ ILtyK.ilt. &c Which Philips if fhfwcre the Kldeft Daughter of the » iid K;ul William (as by their Agents was pretended) then Wis the Q^eeni 1 nle better then tlur of the King of Spam, which was derived from Margaret the other Sifter : Or granting that f/ji///)W.is the younger 5 yet on the failcr, or other legal interruption of the Line of Afirgaret, (which feemed to be the rale before them) the Queen of Fngland might put in for the next Succeifion : and thougji the Queen upon very good reafons and confederations refnfedthe Soveraignty of thole Countries, which could not without very great injury to publick juffice be accented by her \ yet lofar ill- gave way to her own fears, the ambition of Come great perfons who were near unto her, and the pretended Zeal of the reft, that file admitted them at the lalt. into her protection. 58. The Karl of Leiccfier wai at that rime of greateft power in the Court of Fngland, who being a great favourer of the Ph- rit.m Faction, and eagerly affecting to fee himfelf in the head of an Army, follic red the affair with all care and cunning 5 and it fucceeded infwerably to his hopes and wifhes. The Queen confentl to uke them into her protection, toraifean Ar- my of five thoufand Foot and one thoufaud Horfc, to pur ic under the Command of a fufficient and experienced General, and to maintain it in her pay til the War were ended. And it was condefcended to on the other fide, that the Towns of Brill and ylufting, with the Fort of Kamekjnst mould be put into the hands of the Engltfl) , that the Covernour whom the Queen fhould appoint over the Gatrifons , togetherwith two other perfons of her nomination, fhould have place and fuffrage in the Councd of the States United } that all their own Forces fhould be ranged under the Command of the Knglifh General^and that the States iTiould make no peace without her content. Br which tranfaction, they did not onely totally withdraw them- felves from the King of Spam, but fufTered the En&lijb to pof- (cU the Gates of the Netherlands , whereby they might imbar all Trade, fhut out all Supplier, and hold them unto fuch con- ditions as they pleafed to give them, ftat any Yoke appeared more tolerable then that of the sp miard '•> and any Prince more welcome to them, then he to whom both God and Nature had made them fubjeft. According unto which agreement, llufiing is put into the hands of Sir i'/'.ilip Sidney , the Unglijb Army under the Command of the Karl of Leiccftcr-^ and(which S 2 it 1 32 3Ct)e $iflo# of ttje #jesbi?tetian& l i b. hi. is more then was agreed on) an abfolute Authority overall Provinces is committed to him, together with the glorious Ti- tles of Governour and Captain-General of Holland, Zetland, and the reft of the States United : which how it did difpleafe the Queen 5 what courfe was took to mitigate and appeafe her anger ; what happened in the war5 betwixt him and the Prince of Parma*, and what crofs Capers betwixt him and the States themfelves, is not my purpofe to relate. It is fufficient that we have prefented to the eye of the Reader, upon what principles the Netherlands were firft embroyled, whofe hands they were by which the Altars were prophaned, the Images de- faced, Religious Houfes rifled,and the Churches ruinated : And finally , by what party , and by whofe ftrange practices, the King of Spain was totally devefted of all thofe Provinces > which fince have caft themfeives into the form of aCommoh- wealth. 59. Which being thus (hortly laid together in refpeft of their Politic^/, we muft look back and rake another view of them in their Eccleftaftickj. In which we (hall finde them run as crofs to all Antiquity, as they had done to Order and good Govern- ment in their former Actings. And the firft thing we meet with of a Church-concernment, was the publishing of their Confeflion of their Faith and Doctrine,y4*» that is to fay ^Zuinglians in the point of the Holy Sup- per , and Calvinijis in the Doclrine of Predeftination. In which laft point, they have expreft the Article in fuch modeft terms, as may make it capable of an Orthodox and fober mean- ing : For prefuppofingall mankinde by the Fall of Ad then by abolifliing the Alijjdls'^ nor any fitter means to exercile their own gifts in the acts* of Prayer, then by fupprcffiog all fuch Forms as feemed to put a reftraint upon the Spirit. Onely they- fell upon the humour of trandating Davids Vfalmt into Dutch Meter, and caufed them to be fung in their Congregations, as the trmih F/alms of Aidrrots and Beza's Meter were in inoft Churches of that people. By which it feems, that they might ftng by the Book, though they prayed by the Spirit 5 as if their Tinging by the Book in fet Tunes and Numbers, impofed not as great a reflraint upon the Spirit in the acts of Praifing, as reading out of Book in the acts of Praying. But they knew well the in- fluence which Mufick hath on the fouls of Men : And there- fore though they had fupprefled the old manner of finging, and all the ancient Hymns which had been formerly received in the Catholick Church 5 yet finging they would have, and Hymns in Meter, as well to plea fet heir Ears, as to cheer their Spirits, and ma- nifeft their alacrity in the Service of God. And though they would not ling with Organs, for fear there might be fomewhat in it of the old fuperirition} yet they retained them (fill in many of their Churches \ but whether for civil entertainment when they met together, or tocompofe and fettle their affections for Religi- ous Offices, or to take up the time till theChurch were filled, I \ofi %ty $ittc# of tOe ^esfoptetian& l i b. nr. I am not able to determine. The like they alfo did with all the ancient weekly and fet-times of Fafting, which (following the Example of Aerius) they devoured at once, as contrary to that Chriftian Liberty, or licentioufnefs rather 5 to which they inured the people, when they firft trained them up in oppofiti- on to the See of Rome. No Faft obferved, but whenfome pub- lick great occafion doth require it of them \ and then but half- Fall: neither, as in other places, making amends at night for the days forbearance. And if at any time they feed mod on fifh, as Cometimes they do, it rather is for a variety to pleafe them- Celves in the ufe of Gods Creatures , or out of State-craft to encourage or maintain a Trade which is fo beneficial to them j and rather as a civilthen Religious Faft. 63. But there is no one thing wherein they more defaced the outward ftate of the Church, then in fuppreflingall thofe days of publick Worfhip which anciently were obferved by the iiame or Feftivals, together with their Eves or Vigils. In which, they were fo fearful of afcribing any honour to the Saints de- parted, whofe names were honoured by thofe days, that the/ alfo took away thofe Anniverfary Commemorations of Gods in- finite Mercies in the Nativity, Paffion, Refurre&ion and Afcen- tion of our Savour Chrift : which though retained amongft the Switzers, would not down with Calvin ^ and being difallow- ed by him , were reprobated without more ado in all the Churches of his Platform , and in thefe with others. And though they kept the Lords day, or rather fome part of it, foe Religious meetings 5 yet either for fear of laying a reftraint on their Chriftian Libertyj in Attributing any peculiar holinefs to it which might entitle them to fome fuperftition, they kept that neither but by halfs j it was Cufficient to beftow an hour of: two of the morning in Gods publick Service, the reft of the day (hould be their own, to be imployed as profit (hould advife^ or their pleafures tempt them. And whereas in fome places they ftill retained thofe afternoon-Meetings to which they had been bound of Duty by the Rules of the Church of Rome $ it Was decreed in one of their firft Synods (that namely which was m Public*^ held at Dort, 1574) * that in fuch Churches where publick E- Ipenin* vening-Prayers had been omitted, they mould continue as they fl'nt'intTo. were 5 and where they had been formerly admitted, (hould be ductnd&ubi difcontinued. And if they had no Evening-Prayers, there is SIII^'m" no queftion t0 be maTJA«7f«'« perictttum , •*•>»■*•-*- for tear of falling into a new kinde of iJoUtry , (which wj* trsrt'Li mm- never thought of in the world till they found it out) that is to "*»**■"•" fay, Bread-rvorjhipt or the Adoration of Bread it felt. The Con- *£i'.l?Zt%i ferencc at HdmptoH-Court hath told us fomewhat , but obfcuiely, of thefe Am»Ung-CorHmunion$ j but I never underfrood thctn rightly till I faw this Canon. For Canon they will have it called, though mod uncanonical. More of the like fluff might be produced from the Arts of their Synods , bnt that this little is too much to inform the Reader how different they are , both in their Dilcipline and Dodfrine, in point of f peculation, a-id matter of practice, from that which was moft countenanced by the piety of the Primitive times, and recommended to them by the conftant and uniform tradition of the ages following. 65. As is their work, fuch is the wages they received \ and as the reverence is which they give to Chriff in his holy Sacra- ment, fuch is the honour which is paid them by the common people. Tney had abolifhed the daily Sacrifice of Praife and Prater, which might have been continued, though the Afjft was abrogated s difclaimed the hearing of C afefiions, tne rifi- ration of the Sick, a-nd Sacerdotal Abfo! ition, a^ inc>n!ifrcnc with the purity of their Profcflion ^ took away all the annu- al Feftivals, with their Fvcs and Vigils s and in a word, reduced the whole Service of their Mintffry to the Sunday* Morning: Which hardly taking up the tenth part of time expended for- merly by the Pricfts on Religious Offices , they w.-re fo con- fcientioui as to reft contented with little more then the tenth part of thofe yearly profits which by the Prieft hid been re- ceived. They had bcfidcs (o often preached downTythejas T 1 3 $ %t)e ^ittc# of tt)e $?esfoptenan& l i b. hi. a Jewiff} maintainance improper and unfit for Minifters of the holy Gofpel , when they were paid unto the Clergy of the Church of Rome , that at the laft the people took them at their word, believe them to be fo indeed $ and are fpurred ou the fafter to a change of Religion, in which they faw fome glim- mering of a prefent profit. Of thefe miftakes the Prince of Orange was too wife not to make advantage 5 giving aflTurance to the Land-holders and Country- Villagers, that if they (rood to him in the Wars againft the Spaniard^ they fhould from thence- forth pay no Tythes unto their Minifters, as before they did. The Tythes in the mean time to be brought into the common Treafury toward the charges of the War, the Minifters to be maintained by contributionsat an eafie rate. But when the War was come to fo fair an ifiue, that they thought to be exempted from the payment of Tythes, anfwer was made , that they fhould pay none to the Minifters, as they had done formerly, whereby their Minifters in effect were become their Majiers, but that the Tythes were fo confiderable a Revenue to the Com- mon-wealth, that the State could not poflibiy fubfifl. without them 5 that therefore they muft be content to pay them to the States Commiffioners, as they had done hitherto ■> and that the State would takeduecare to maintain aMiniftry. By means whereof they do not only pay their Tythes as in former times, but feeing how much the publick allowance of the State doth come fhortof acompetencie(thoughby that name they pleafe to call it) they areconftrained.asit were,out of common charity, if not conv pelled thereto by order, to contribute over and above with the reft of the people, for the improvement and increafe of the Mi- nifters maintainance. But as they Bake, fo let them Brew, to make good the Proverb, And fo I leave them for the prefent, till we have traced the Presbyterian practices and pofitions both in England and Scotland ("but in Scotland firft ) to that point of time to which we have deduced their fuccetfes in thefe Belgick. Provinces, and then we (hall hear further of them as they come in our way. The end of the third "Bool^ Lie. IV. ' V- :•'-• i&g < '.! »^ vm A E % I V S I V I V V S : O R, The Hiftory of the ^ PRESBYTERIANS. IB. IV. Containing Their beginrt'Tig , Tro«refs and Fofitions ; their dange- rous Prazliccf) I/ijumtuons, and Confpiracies in the Realm of Scotland , from the year 1544 to the yeat 1566. I. ^""^lofs we next over into Scotland, where the Genevi.in M . Principles were firfr reduced into ufe ami pi a iice. fa ^^ which refpecr the Trcslytcnans of th.it rVealm ihould have had precedencie in the prclent ftory, not on ly before any of their Brethren in the Bclgick^ Provinces, but even before the French them!elvc>, though nearelt both in fci uation and affe- ction to the Mother-City. K«>r though the Emilianes 1 f 1 rteva had long been tampering vsich that active and unquiet: people) yet fuch a frri.r hand was held upon them both by Francis the Firft, and Henry the Second bis Succeflbr , that they durft not ft ir , till by the death two Kings phey found the way more tree and open to purfiie thofe counk wbich by the indufrry of th ife men had been put into them, 1 tore which time the Scots had aaed over all thole Tumult-, Hiotsaud lvebellions, in which not long after they were follow* by the French dad Netherlands. But howfoever I hive pur- T 2 1 40 %ty $itto# of tt)e $jesfoptetian& l i b. i v. pofely referved them to this time and place, becaufe of that influence which they had on the Realm of England , and the connexion of affairs between both the Kingdoms, till they were both united under the command of one Soveraign Prince. And this being faid, I (hall without more preamble proceed to the following Hiffory. 1527. 2. It was about the year 1527, that the Reformation of Reli- gion begun by Luther, was firft preached in Scotland , by the Miniftry of one Patrick Hamilton^ a man of eminent Nobility in regard of his birth,as being Brothers Sonxojawes Earl of Arrant but far more eminent in thofe times for his parts and piety, then the Nobility of his Houfe: fpending fome time at Witteberg in the purfuit of his Studies, he grew into acquaintance with Martin Luther^, rbilip MeUn&hon, aha other men of name and note in that University '-> and being feafoned with their Do- clrine,he returned into Scotland^ where he openly declared him- felf againft Pilgrimages, Purgatory, Prayer to the Saints, and for the dead, without going further* And further as he did not go, fo indeed he could not. For en the noife of thefe hfe preachings , he was prevailed with by James Beton Archbilhop of St. Andrews to repair to that City '•> but was fo handled at his coming, that after fome examinations he was condemned to the fire: which fentence was inflicted on him on thelaft of Fcbrtt* furptlfe the Caftle, nnd take revenge up >n the Cardinal f< r the death of r. Having polu.it rhemfelves of the Gates of the Cattle, ri; forced their way into his Chamber, and were upon the point of ftriking the fatal blow, when J.tw s Mdvin told them with great (hews of gravity, fhat the bufinefs was nor to be ad with fuch heat and patii-^n. And thereupon holding a Poo at his brefr, put him in min-.lc of Ihedding the innocent bl »u I of that famous Martyr Mais George M now c ' I Joud to God for vengeance, in whofe nan re c >m t > do juftice on him: which fail .> he made t his protection. That neither hatred to hib perfon, nor love to his r\iches, n the fear of any thing concerning his own particular, had m^v I him to the undertaking df that it ecu t ion 5 but onely becanfe he had been, and liill remained an obfHnatc enemv againft Chrift Jefus and his holy Gofpef. Upon which word>, without e ■ pe&ing any anfwer, or giving the poor man an;, time of appli- cation to rhe Fa-ther ot Mercies, he ffabbed him twice or thri into the body with (o ftroug a malice, that he left him dead upon the place. In the relating of which Murder In bZnox hi '5 Hiftory, a note was given us in the Margent of the fi ft Edit!* on, printed at London in Oii.ivo^ winch points us to the godly art and faying of James tfelvim ; for fo the Author cai! molt wicked deed, lint that Edition beiog ffopt at the Pre by the Queens command, the Hilfory never came out perfect till the year of oar Lord 1^44. , when the w >rd fd'j was left out of the Marginal Note, for rhe avoiding of that h irriblefcan* that at lift thev caft them- reives into a Congregation, and chofe 'John R6»gbi (who after ffered death in RngUnd) to be one of their Preachers? I'-p. Knox, that great incendiary of the Ke.ilm of Siotl.tnd, for an )- ther of them. And thus they ftood upon their guird till the comiDg of one and twenty Gallics, andfomc Land-k< it of / fdnte* 142 %%t $tftc# of ti)c ^esbptertan^ l i b, in. Trance, by whom the Caftle was befieged , and Co fiercely bat- tered , that they were forced to yeild on the laft of July , without obtaining any better conditions then the hope of life. 4. The Caftle being yeilded , and the Country quieted, the Fremh returned with their booty, of which their Prifoners which they brought along with them made the principal part 5 not made the tamer by their fufTerings in the enemies Gallies} infomuch that when the Image of the Virgin Mary was offered to them to be Rifled on fome folemn occafion, one of them fnatched it into his hands, fluug it into the Sea, and faid unto them that brought it, in a jeerirg manner , That her Ladyjhtp wns light enough, and might learn to fvp'rnt. Which defperate and un- advifed adion (ss it was nt> other) is faid by Knox to have pro- duced this good effect, that the Scots were never after tempted 1550, lo tne i&eldolatries. Knox at this time was Prifoner in the Gai- iies amongft the reft, and with the reft re'eafed upon the Peace made between France and England, at the delivering up of Bulloigne 5 from whence he pair over into England, where he was fir ft made Preacher at Barvpick^, next at New caftle, after- wards to fome Church of London 5 and finally, in fome other places of the South ; fo that removing likeoterums. i4 ; pioved, to take charge ot the Churtitt of irirtf-fon ; to * Come learned men and othen of the Emtlijb Nariofi bad n tired i he mfclves in the Reign of Queen Mj>j : which inl: 1 communicated unto Calvin, bywhofc encouragement and per- lu.Hion he accepreti <>t ir, and by hii coming rather multiplyed then appeafed the quarrel* which he found amnnglr them: I'.ur hding with the inconsumable parry, and knowing li> much of Calvtns minde touching the Liturgie and r* ires of the Church of England, he would by no means be periwaded to officiate bv it '-> and tor that caulc was forced by Dr. Cor, and others of the Learned men who remained there , to for fake the place, hath been fliewn at large in another place. Outed at Fr int'^fort,\\c ijjj returns again to his Friends at Geneva; and being furoilhed with infltUvHons for his future carriage in the o.iufc of his M ini- ftry , he prepares for his journey into Scotland, pailcth ro Dieppe, form thence to England, and at lair came a welcome man to his Native Country , which he found milerabiy divid.d into fides and tactions. Alary their Infant- Queen had been tranfportcd into France at fix years of age ; the Regency taken from James Earl of Arran, given to Mar) of / orraign the Queens Mother $ not well obeyed by many of the Nobility and great men of the Country, but openly oppofed and reviled by thofc who teemed to be inclinable to the Reformation. To thele men Knox applycd himfelr with all care and cunning, preaching from place to place, and from houfe to houfe, as op- portunity was given him. In which he gathered many Churches, and fet up many Congregations, as it: he had been the Aprftlc- General of the Kirk of Scotland; in all points holding a con- formity unto Calvins Platform, even to the finging of Davidi Pfalms in the EngliJJ} Meter, the onely Mufick he allowed of in Gods publick Service. From Villages and private Houfes, he ventured into fomeof the great Towns and more eminent Ci- ties \ and at the lad appeared in Edenborougb it fclf, preaching in all, and miniftring the Communion in many places, 3s he law occafion. This was fufficicnt to have raifed a greater florin againll him then he could have been able to indure ; but hemufr. nuke it worfc by a new provocation. For at the perforation of the Earl of Glencarne, and fome others of his principal fol- lowers, he writes a long Letter to the Queen Regents in which he earneflly perfwades her to give ear to the Word of God, according as it was then preached bv himfdf and others : which Letter being communicated by the Q^ieen to the Archbilhop of Glafco, and difperied in feveral Copies by Knox himfelf, gave fucha hot Alarm ro the Bifhops and Clergy, that he was cited to appear in Blackfrjars Church in Fdenhorough^ on the 15 of May : and though upon advertilement that he came accompanied with fo great a train, that it could not be lafe for them to proceed againft him, hewai not troubled at that time ; yet he perceived that having made the Queen his enemy, he could noc hope hope to remain longer in that Kingdom* but firft orlaft hemuft needs fall in their hands. 6. But Co it happened, that when he was in the midft of thefe perplexities, he received a Letter from the Schifmatical Englijfj which repaired to Geneva^, when they had loft all hope of put- ting down the EngliJI) Litnrgie in the Church of Frankfort^ by which he was invited to return to his former charge : this Let«^ ter he communicated to his principal Friends, refolves to enter- tain the offer, and prepares all things for his journey. And to fay truth, it was but time that he fhould fet forwards 3 for the danger followed him fo clofe, that within few days after his departure, he was condemned for not appearing, and burnt in his Effigies at the Crofs in Edenborongh. But firft he walks his round, vifits all his Churches, takes a more folemn farewei of his efpecial Friends 3 and having left fufficient inftructions with them for carrying on the Reformation in defpite of Authority, in the latter end of "July he lets fail for France. His party was by this time grown ftrong and numerous, refolved to follow fuch directions as he left behind him. To which encouraged by the? preaching cf one Willoc^ whom Knox had more efpecially re- commended to them in the time of his abfence, they ftole away the Images out of moft of their Churches 3 and were fo ven- turous, as to rake down the great Image of St. Gyles in the chief Church of Edenborough9 which they drowned firft in the North" lakSi and burnt it afterwards. But this was but a Prologue to the following Comedy. The Feftival of St. Gyles draws near, in which the Image of that Saint was to be carryed through the chief Streets of Edenborough in a folemn Proceflion, attended by all the Priefts, Fryars , and other Religious perfons about that City : another Image is borrowed from the Gray-Fryurs tofupplythe place, and for the honour of the day, the Queen Regent her felt was pleafed to make one in the Pageant. But no fooner was (he retired to her private repofe, when a con- futed Rabble of the Knoxian Brethren brake in upon them, difmounted the Image, brake off his head againft the ftones, fcattered all the Company , pulled the Priefts Surplices ovec their Ears, beat down their CrolTes 3 and, in a word, fodif- compofed the Order of that mock-Solemnity, that happy was the man whocould firft fave himfelf in fomeHoufe or other, nei- ther their Bag-pipes, nor their Banners, their Tabrets, nor their Trumpets, which made a Principal part in that days triumph, though free enough from fuperftition in themfelves, could e- fcape their fury, but ran the fame Fortune with the reft. And though no diligence was wanting for finding out the principal adrors in that Commotion '-, yet asthe ftory hath informed us, the Brethren kept themfelves together in fuch Companies, ringing of Tfalmt^ and openly encouraging one another , that no body durft lay hands upon them. 7. Finding by this experiment that they were ftrong enough to L i b. iv. 5Ct)c l)itto:p of tije pzrsbvtf ru\ns. 145 to begin the work, it was thought lit to call back Knox to their alliftance '<, to which end they difpatched their Let ten to him in the Aftrcbncxt following, to be conveyed by one jj Synt , whom they had throughly inffructcd in all particu: . touching t hc-i r affairs. In Aity the Letters are delivered , the contents whereof he (irfr commuoicateth to his own Congrega- tion, and afterwardi to Calvin, and the re(l of the Brethren of that Conliitory , by whom it was imanimoufly declared UOtd him , to it be could not refute tbui i ecition , nnleft be ;< > I fi'eiv bimjelf rciclhous unto bis God, and unmerciful to bis native Country. He returned anfwer thereupon, That he would vifie them in Scotland with alt Convenient expedition, and cop | ac- cor dtngly to Dieppe io 0&&ber following q where contrary to < • I pe&ation he is advertifed by Listers from Tome fecret Friends. that all affairs there feemedtobe at a (land, fo that his comi to them at that time might be thought uoneceflary. H dilplcafed with (uch a cooling Card as nedi I not look for, he lends his Letter^ thence to the N ibility and principal Gentry $ in which he lets them know how much he was confounded for travailing fo far in their Affairs, bj moving them to the moil Godly and moft Learned men (by which he means Calum and the Conjtjtorians) who at that time did live id Europe 3 whole judgements and grave co infels he conceived expedient, as well for the atiarance of their own Consciences av of his own 3 th it it muff needs redound both to bis (ha me .mcl theirs , if nothing ihould fucceed in fuch 1< ng confutations; that he left his Flock and Family at Geneva toartend their ie vice, to vvhom lie mould be able to make but a weak account or his leaving them in that condition, if he were a«>ked at his return concerning the impedi- ment of his purpofed Journey,; that he fore-law with grief of fpirit, what grievous plagues, what mi ferj and bondage would moft inevtcably befal that miferable Realm, and ever) Inhabi- tant thereof, it the power of God with the liberty of his Go- (pcl did not deliver them from the fame } that though his words might feem tharp , and to be fomewhat undifcrectly fpoken, ret wife men ought to underltand, that a true Friend can be ne» flatterer, efpecially when the queftion is concerning the Sal- vation both of body and foul, not onely of a few men, but of States and Nations 3 that if any perfwade them for fear of dan- gers which might follow to faint in their intended purpofe, though otherwile he might feem to be wife and friendly , yet was he to be accounted foolilh, and their mortal enemie, in la- bouring to perfwade them to prefer their worldly re!r ro Gods Praile and Glory, and the friendship of the wicked before tl falvattOO of their Brethren) that they ought to hazard their own lives , be it agaioft Kings or Emperours, for the deliverance or the people from ipiritual bondage i for which Caufe onely th received from their Brethren Tribute , Honour and Homage, at Cods Commandment. Finally, having laid before th. •>' Vr frrong 1 46 %l)t fUtd^ of ttjc ^jestjptettansu l i b. i v- ftrong inducements to quicken them unto the w >; k , he ends with this mcft memorable Aphorifm, (which is indeed the fum and fubftance of the whole Confiflorian Do&rinein the prefent Cafe) that the Reformation of Religion, and of publick enor- mities, doth appertain to more then the Clergy, or chief Rulers called Kings. 8. On the receiving of thefe Letters, they are refolved to proceed in their former purpofe , and would rather commit themfelves and all theirs to the greateft dangers, then fuffer that Religion which they called idolatry any longer to remain amongft them, or the people to be fo detiaudcd as they had been formerly, of that which they efteemed to be the oneiy true preaching of Chrift's Gofpel. A nd to this end they entred into a common Bond or Covenant, in the name of themfelves, their Vafials, Tenants and dependants , dated upon the third of De- cemb. and fubfcribed by the Earls of Arguile^ Glencarne and Morton, \\\z Lords Lome^Ereskjn of Dun,&c.the Tenour of which was as followeth, viz,, 9. We perceiving how Satan in his members, the Antichrijls of our time^ cruelly do rage, fcckjng to overthrow and dejiroy the Gofpel of Chrifi and his Congregation, ou^ht according to our bounden duty, tojirive in our Majiers cauj eleven unto the death, being certain of the vi&ory in him : The which one duty being well considered, we do promife before the Majejty < f God and hip Congregation , that we (by his Grace) fhall with all diligence continually apply our whole power* fubffance, and oar very lives , to maintain. Jet forward, and ejtabhfl) the moji blejjed Word of Cod and his Congregation ; And f>all labour according to our pviver to have faithful Mmijlers, trutly and purely to mmijter € hriifs Gcjpel and Sacraments to his people : we f? all maintain them^ notir/JJj them, and defend them, the whole Congregation of C hrifl,and every Member thereof, according to our whole powers^ and Wc gmg of cur lives agamp Sa^han, and all wicked power that doth intend tyranny or trouble again fl the aforefaidCongre* gaticn. Z'nto the whiih hcly Word and Congregation wedojoytt % s : and Jo do forfah^ ^nd renounce the C ongregaticn of Anti» cl.rifl^ with all the Superstitious Abomination and idolatry there of. And moreover , full declare our felves manifefl enemies thereto by this our faithful prom?fe before God, tefiifed to this Congregation by our JubJ ciiption of thefe prefents. 10. Having fubfcribed unto this Bond, their next care was to ifTue out thefe directions following,for the prom ting of the work which they were in hand with :. 1. That in all Parishes of that Realm, the Common-prayer-bock (that is to fay, the Common- prayer book of the Church of Engltnd) mould be read upon the Sundays and Holydays in the Parifh-Church, together with the Ltilonsof the Old and New Testament by the fame ap- pointed ; L i c ■ iljc I?ift02p of tt)c p;c£>l r:i pointed : 2. That preacl . 1 Intcrprcta ►oioi & in private Hodfcs, without cat them, ti1! ir thould plcafc I heart of the Prioce to allow tin re. 1- in •. Ami had they flood to that, they had I find tog by the Subfcriptions w i h they had n ttived from 'II parts of the Kingdom, that they were i Adverfaries ia power and number , they were not I long in fo good an • irmoor. Howfbever it \ dicntj tor the Scandal, that they (hoold firft proceed i- in the dray of fupplicationtotbe Q^ieen an I C il 5 in it was defired, that ir might be Lawful foi them to pi v Hckly or privately foi having the Coo * J. g.u tongu i 1 it the Sacrament of Baptifm might beadmioi- ftrcd in the fame Tongue alio ; the Sacrament of thj 1 0 Supper in both kindes, according to Chrilt-. Eoftitution •*. ai a Reformation might be made of the wicked lives of Prelates Priefts, and other Ecclefiafticai perfons. The Qji en of Se was in the mean time Married to the Daulpbim «. )ri whole head it was defired by the trench that at the Lair the Matrimonial Crown (houid befolemnly placed) and tha trench Nation Ihould forthwith be naturalized ivna glorious Tabernacle which flood on I tar, broke ic in pieces, anil defaced the Images which they found ia. Which beipgdif patched, they did the like executi in on all reft in that Church} and were Co nimble at their w >rk, that they had made a char riddance ot them, before the tenth ma a in the Town was advertifed of it. 1 rws hereof li.tftal iitnlatkdc (lo my Auth >r calls them) to refori In great numbers to the Church. Bat becaufe they found that all u done before the v came, they fell wi it fury on the M - itery or CM'thujim Monks, and the H oufei ol Dga id j rjitcifc.iH FVyars, beginning with the (mages firft, but aftci (poyliog them or all their provifj >ns, Bedd E urniturc or Houfhold, which waa given tor a prey unto the poor. And in the ruinating of thele Monies, they continued wi h much force and eagernefs,fothai within the cornpafa ot two - they 1 left notfting (landing ot thofe goodly Edifices but the outward Walls. 13. It was reported that the Qjecn was fo inraged when fl:c heard the news, that (be vowed utterly to deftroy the I'ov.n, Man, Woman and Childe, to confumc the fame with fire , B after, to fow Salt upon it, in figne of perpetual dcfolation. And it is pofliblc (he might have been as good a* her word, if the Earl of Glcncsrnt , the Lords Vcbiltric and Eoyd^ the ypui Sheriff of , and many other men of eminent Quality, attei ed by twothoufand five hundred Horfeand Foot had not come very opportunely to the aid of their Brethren. Penh bci thus prefcrved from the threatned danger, but forced to re- ceive a Garrifon ot the Queen's appointment } Knox leaves the Town, and goes in company with the Earl of Ar guilt ^ and the Lord Jj/acs stcrcirj^ toward the City of St. Andrews . In the way to which, he preached a: a Town called Crurle, inveig 1110ft bitterly againft fuch f- re*ch Forces as had been fent thi- ther under the Command ol Afjnficur d* OffeBe j exhorting his Auditors m line to joyn together as one man, till all ft rangers were expulfed the Kingdom 5 and either to prepare them fell to live like men, or to dye victorious. Which exhortation fa prevailed upon mod cf the hearers, that immediar. rook thcmlelves to the pulling down of Altars and Im< : J -\rni finally, deftroved all Monuments ot Superftition and Idolatry which they fcund in the Town. The like they did the n day at a place called Anjlrulhcr. From thence they march un- to St. Andrews , in the Fundi Church whereof Knox preached upon our Saviours catling the Buj er^ and Sellers out ot the Tem- ple, and with hi> wonted Rb*t$rickS° inflamed the pei ,thac they committed the like outrages there as betore at Perth, de- irroving Images, and pulling down theHoufes of the bl.i.k.- C,'-:J ,frHri with the like difpatch. This happened upon then of June 1 5 o %$% ^iftojp of ti)e $jegbptenan& l i b. i v, June, And becaufe it could not be (uppofed but that the Queen would make fome ufe of her French Forces to Chaftife the chief Ring-leaders of that Sedition 5 the Brethren of the Congregation flock fo faft unto them^that before Tuefday nighty no fewer then three thoufand able men from the parrs adjoin- ing were come to Cooper to their aid. By the acceffion of which ftrength, they firft fecured themfelves by a Capitulation from any danger by the French , and then proceeded to the removing of the Queens Garrifon out of Perthy which they alfo effected. Freed from which yoke , fome of the Towns-men joyning themfelves with thofe of Dundee, make an afTauit up- on the Monafrery of Scone, famous of long time for the Coro- nation of the Kings of Scotland?, and for that caufe more fumptuoufly adorned, and more richly furniflied then any o- ther in the Kingdom. And though the Noblemen, and even Knox himfelf, endeavoured to appeafe the people,, and to ftop their fury, that lo the place might be preferved 5 yet all endeavours proved in vain, or were coldly followed. So that in fine, a ter fome fpcyl made in defacing of Images, and digging up great quantity of hiddrn goods which were buried there, to be pre- served in expectation of a better day s they committed the whole Houfe to the Mercie of Fire 5 the flame whereof gave grief to fome, and joy to others of St, Johnjiones, fckuate not above a Mile from that famous Anby. 14. They had no fooner plaid this prize, but fome of the Chiefs of them were advertiied that Queen Regent had a.pur- pofe of putting fome French Forces into Sterling, the better to cut off ail intercourfe and mutual fuccours which thofe of the Congregation on each fide of the Fryth might otherwife have of one another. For » he preventing of which mifchief, theEarl of Argmle and the Lord james Steward weje difpatched away : Whole coming fo inflamed the zeal of the furious multitude, that they pulled downal! the Monafteries which were in the Town, demolifhed all the Altars, and defacrd all the Images in the Churches of it. The Abbey of C amhuskenneth, near ad- joining to it, was then ruined alfo: Which good fuccefs en- couraged them to go on to Edenborough, that the like Refor- mation might 6emade in the capital Ciry. Taking Linlithgow in their way, they committed the like fpoyl there, as before at Sterling 5 but were prevented of the glory which they chiefly aimed at in the Saccage cf Edenborough. Upon the news of their approach, though their whole Train exceeded not three hundred perfoas, the Queen Regent with great fear retires to Dunbar } and the Lord Seaton being then Proved: of the Tow;>5fraid not long behind . But he was fcarce gone out of the City, when the Rafcal Rabble fell on the Religious Houfes, defrayed the Covents of the Blacky and Gray-fryars, with all theotherMonafteries about the Town, and (hared amongft them all the goods which they found in thofe Houfes : In which they made l r e. i v. xt)c i9t(lo;p of ttp $ff£bpttrian& i i nude fuch qakk d if patch', that they had Rniftied that tart or the Reformations before the two Lord* and their attend in > could i ii. ;'i to help them. 15. 1 he Queen Kegent neither able to endure thefe out- rages, norof I efficient power to prevent I kj ■' J '■ 1 ' 9j i nho named tbemfeives (AaCongrega i n , a/id under pretence vf Eeligion bod to\en Arms ^ fb t by the adviee of the Lords if the Court < if for J His f ftug every mail C e nj , ter.c z iin I ptcrfj. the prcj'cnt iron Met, fbu had made oj er to tali a Par It ment m fanuarj thin following (but vsoald call it J earner if they pleafedj for eftaklt/i img m TJniverfat Order m *> airs of Religion \ That in the mean time every man jhnuld be fujj ered to live at lib rty^ njing their own Confcieneet without trouble until further order ^ lh.it thofe who c tiled tbemfeives of the Congregation, r;jj. all reaj ontblc offers, bad made :t manifeji by their aB'onf, tint they did not Jo much J eek for futisf tUion in point of Religion, ,is the fubveifion of the Crwn. For proof w hereof \ /be in It 4 m m Jone fecret intelligence mbteh thy bad m England, fei%ingthe irons of lb: A/mt, and Cojning money, that being one of the prin- cipal Jewels of the Royal Ditdem. In which regard Jhe (tratghily Ttilleib and contm andeth all m inner of perjons (not beitt^ Jnba- bttants oj the C ity ^ to citpart from \ d> nbOlOUgh within Jt x hours after public itiun thereof , and live obedient to her sinttjurttj3 ex- cept they would beholden and reputed irijiors. 1 . I in>> Proclamation they enconntrcd with another, which they publillud in their own names for fatistacVion of the people- , fame of which had begun to filrink from them at the nolle of the former. A: d ' herein the\ m.ide kn *wn to nil vvho.n it may concern, Thet J'uch enmet as thy W re charged with, n:~ ver entrcd into their hearts'-, ihtt lb y b d no other inten- tion then iob.-inif) idolatry , to advance rue Religion, and to de- fend the Trcuhers Of it ; that they were re 1 h to (Ontmne in a'l eint J toward their Sovcr tign^ and h r Aloih<.r lb re Recent , pro- ed they might ba> etbc freeexcrcij e of tuetrown ReLgiom. In reference to their mealing with ibe irons of the Mmt^ and the C anting of' Money , they jujtih<.i tbemfelvet t as bring mojt of them Councellors born , and doing nothing in rt but j or t . ol c ] the people. Fo which- eti.ot they writ t.ieir Letters al the rVegent her felt", whom they allured in the clofe, that it the would make ufe or ber authority tor the abo.i.h ng of ' lolitry and Superltititni^ ab 1 i cs which agteed not with the Word of God , the Qiould finde thesiai obedient as any Subjedh withki the rVcalm. Which in plain truth was nekhet more nor tela tht thiii 1 5 2 %l)t ^iftc^ of $e $it$bytmm& l i b. i v. this, that if they might not have their wills in the point of Re- ligion, (he was to look for no obedience from them in other mat- ters : whereof they gave fuffrcient proof by their ftaying in Eden» borough j her command to the conrrary notwithstanding, by prefling more then ever for a toleration, and adding this over and above to their former demands , that fuch French Forces as remained in Scotland might be disbanded and fent backto their native Country. In the firft of which demands they were Co unreafonablc, that when the Qiieen offered them the exercife of their own Religion, upon condition that when (he hadoccafion to makeufe of any of their Churches for her own Devotions, fuch exercife might be fufpended, and the Mafs onely ufed in that conjuncture j they would by no means yeild unto it : And they refufed to yeild unto it for this Reafon onely , becaufe it would be in her power, by removing from one place unto ano- ther5 to leave them without any certain Exercife of their Reli- gion, which in efFecl: was utterly to overthrow it. And hereto they were pieafed to add5 that, as they could not hinder her from exercifiiig any Religion which (he had a minde to (but this was more then they would ftand to in their better- Fortunes) fo could they not agree that the Minifters or Chrift fhould be filenced upon any occafion, and much lefs , that the true Wor- fhipof Godihould give place to Idolatry. A point to which they ftood fo ft'fly, that when the Queen Regent had refetled her Court at Edenborough , (he could neither prevail fo far up- on the Magistrates of that City , as either to let her have the Church of St. Gyles to be appropriated onely to the ufe of the Mafs, or that the Mafs might be faid in it at fuch vacant times in which they made no ufe of it for tnemfelves or their Mi- nifters. 17. But in their other demands for fending the French Soul- diers out of Scotland . they were not like to finde any fuch com- pliance as had been offered in the former. Henry the Third of France dyed about that time, and left the Crown to Francis the Second, Married not long before to the Queen of Scots * the prefervation of whofe power and prerogative Royal mud be his concernment. And he declared himlelf fo fenfible of thofe indignities which had been lately put upon her, as to proteft, that he would rather fpend the Crown of France^ then not be revenged of the feditious Tumults raifed in Scotland: in pur- suance of which refolution, he fends over a French Captain5 called 03 avian , who brought with him a whole Regiment of SouldierSj great fums of money, and all provifions necelfary to maintain a War. Followed not long after withfour Companies more, which made up twenty Enfigns compleat, together with four Ships of War, both to defend the Town of Leith> and com- mand the Haven. IncoUraged with whofe coming, the Queen Regent did not onely fortifie that Town, but put a ftrong Gar- riion of the French into it j which gave a new grievance unto thofe L i b. i v. %tyt tyifto:? of the jdjcsbpterums. 1 5 thofe of the Congregation;xhc Trade and iownot V denboruugh being like by this means to be brought under lur Command , and to reft wholly in a m.inncr ar her devotion. 1 he preach made wider on the one iidc by the taking of the Fort or haugh- ty Crag into the hands or thole or thv Congrt-g ttun , which WAS pretended ro be done, for fear left otherwilt. It might have been feized on by the f tenth \ and on the other fide, by the coining of two thouf.ind French Souldiers out or I rime, under pretence of being a Convoy to the BUhop of Amiens , and lome other perfons, fent thither to dilpute (as it was given out ) with the ScotiJI) Minilters. Whieh great acceflion of Frtmeh 1 Co a- ■lazed the Lords of the Congregation , that they exci|e.d (he whole Kingdom by a publick Writing to arm againft then, \ re- quiring all thofe which were, or de fired to be accounted for ni- tnral Scotch-men, to judge betwixt the Queen and them, and HOI abftracf the ju(f and dutiful lupport from their Native Country in fo needful a time} alluring them,that whofoevcr did othcrwife, ihould beefrecmed betrayers of their Country to the power of (hangers. 18. And that the people might not cool in the midft of this heat, they draw their Forces together, and march toward Eden* borough on the i3 of October, upon the news whereof, the Q.een Regent put her felt into L etth as the (atcr places and leaves them Matters of the City: From whence they- fend a Letter zo her, requiring in a peremptory and imperious manner, that the for- tifications about Leith be forthwith flighted, the Forts about the fame to be demolilh.-d, and all ft range Souldiers to be imme- diately removed : Which if (he not pleafcd to do, they mult be- think themlelvesof fome fuch other remediesas they thought mod: necclfary. But when their MeflTenger returned unfatisfied5and that Ljon King at Arms was fent prefently after him, commanding them amonglt other things to remove from F.denLorokgh, they then refolve for putting that in execution which had been long before in deliberation } that is to (ay, the depofingof the Queen Regent from the publick Government. But firlt , they muff, confult with their Ghoftly Fathers, that by their countenance and authority, they might more certainly prevail upon all fuch perfons as fecmed uofatbfied in the point. WtUoch^ and Knox arc chofen above all the reft to refolve this doubt, it at the lead any of them doubted of ir, which may well be quettioned. They were both Fadfors for Geneva, and therefore both obliged to ad- vance her intereft. Wilioch, declares , that albeit God had appointed Magiftrates onely to be his Lieutenants on Earth> honouring them with his own title, and calling them God.*} yec did he never fo efrabiifh any, but that forjttucaufes they might be deprived. Which having proved by fomc Lxamples out of holy Scripture, he thereupon inferred, that (ince the Qjecn Regent had denyed her chief Duty to the Subjects of this Rca'm, which was to prefcrve them from invafios of Strangers, and to X fuller 1 5 4 %De J?iOptetian& L i *. iv. fuffer the Word of God to be freely preached : feeing alfo (he was a maintainer of fuperftition,and defpifedthe counfelof the Nobility * he did think they might juftly deprive her from all Regiment and Authority over rhem. Knox goes to work more cautioufiy, but comes home at laft : For having firft approved whatfoever had been (aid by W'tUock* he adds this to it, That the iniquity of the Queen Regent ought not to withdraw their hearts from the obedience due to their Soveraign 5 nor did he wifti that any fuch fentence againft her (hould be pronounced, but that wheu (he mould change her courfe, and fubmit her felf to good counfels, there (hould be place left unto her of re- grefstothe fame honours from which for juft caufe (he ought to be deprived. 19. So faid the Oracle : and as the Oracle decreed, fo the fentence palTed \ for prefently upon this judgement in the cafe, a publick Inftrument is drawn up, in which the moft part of the paffages in the courfe of her Government were cenfured as grievances and opprellions on the Subjects of Scotland, to the violating of the Laws of the Land, the Liberty of the Sub- jects, and the enflaving of them to the power and domination of Grangers. In which refpeft, they declare her to be fallen from the publick Government 5 discharge all Officers and others from yeilding any obedience to her 5 fubferibing this Inftrument with their hands, requiring" it to be publiftied in all the Head-Bo- roughs of the Kingdom, and caufing it to be proclaimed with found of Trumpet. Thus they began with the Queen Regent 5 but we (hall fee them end with the Queen her felf, theiran- noynted Soveraign. This Inftrument beaps date on the 23 of 0&obtry a memorable day for many notable occurrences which havehapned on it in our Brittifh Stories. Of all thefe doings, they advertifed her by exprefs Letters, fent back by the fame Herald who had brought her laft mefiage to them } and having fo done,they refoive immediately to try their fortune upon Leitb in the way of Scalada. But the worft was, the Souldiers would not fight without prefent money, and money they had none to pay them on fo (hort a warning. Somewhat was raifed by way of Contribution, but would not fatisfie. And thereupon it was, advifed , that the Lords and other great men (hould bring in their Plate, and caufe it to be prefently melted, to content the Souldiers. But they who had fo long made a gain of Godli- nefs,did not love Godlinefs fo well , as not to value and pre- fer their gain before it. And therefore fome had Co contrived it, that the Irons of the Mint were milling* and by that hand- fome fraud they preferved their Plate. 2C It was not to be thought- that the Scott durft have been fo bold in the prefent bufinefs, if they had not been encou- raged underhand from fome Friends in England } which the Queen Regent well obferved, and preft it on them in her De- claration, as before was noted. To which particular^ though the L i b. iv. %\)i i)ifto:p of ttjc pjesUptctums. 1 $ 5 the Confederates made no reply in tluir A nri-reuinnrtraiv e ar that time, yet afterwards they both acknowledged and defend* cd their intelligence wifh the Kngliln Nation Fot in a fubfe* quent Declaration , ibey acknowledge plainly, tb.it m my Msf- tsgti had pitif betwixt them , and th.it tit) had iravul J ome Jit j '• port from thence S hut thtt it was onely to maintain Religion md i'upprejs idolatry. And they conceited thit km f 9 doing, ibey bid done nothing ninth might makje thm ful)e& unto any ju/i ten* fure'f it being lawful for them, where their own power Jailed , a Jeck, aljillance from their Neighbours. And now nr never was che tunc to make ufe of (uch helps, their Contribution falling ftiorr, and the Plate not coming to the Mint, a-> hid been pro- jected. In which extremity it was advitrd to try lomc fecret friends at haruick* efpeciallv Sir Ralph Sudlieur and Sir James Crofts ; by whole encouragement it may be thought they had gonefo far, that now there was no going back without manitelf. juinc. By the aflilrance of thefe men, they arc tumilhcd with four thouland Crowns in ready Money. But the Qjiccn Re- gent had advertifement of the negotiation, and intercepts it by the way. The news of this ill Fortune makes the Souldiers defperatci lomc of them fecretly freal away, others rcfufetcj venture upon any fetVlCC $ Co that the Lords 3nd others or the chief Confederates are put upon a ncceility of forfak'ng Eden- borough. The f reneh immediately take pofleflion of it, com- pel the Miniftcrs, and moff of thofe who proteff the Reform- ed Religion, to dclert their dwellings ; reftore the Mafs, and re- concile with m.in\ Ceremonies the chief Church of the City (I mean that dedicated unto St. Gyles) as having been prophaned by Heretical Preachings. But the abandoning of Edenborougb proved the mine of Glafgoxv. To which Duke Hamilton re- pairing, he caul'ed all the Images and Altars to be pulled down, and made himfelf Matter of the Caffle^ out of which, upon the noife of the Bilhops coming with fome Bands of branch , he withdraws again, and quits the Town unto the Victor. No way now left to lave their perfons fr> from forfeiture, their Country from the French, and their Religion from the Pope, but to caft themfelves upon the favour of the Qeetn of England. And to thatcourfc as the Lord James did moff incline, and Knox moff preached for, fo there might be fome pre bable Reafons which might allure them of not tailing of their expectations. 21. No fooner was Queen Mjry of fnglar.J dead, but if try 'he young Queen of Scots , not long before M irried to the Daulphm of trance, takes on her f el t the name and title of t^ueen of England \ the Arms whereof the quarters upon all her Plate, fume of her Coyn, and upon no l'mall part of her Houfhold-Kurniturc. Which though Ihe did not fas fhc did afterwards allcdgc ) of her own accord, but as ihe was over- ruled in it by the perfwalion of her Husband, and the Au- X a thority i$6 %l)t $iftc» of tl)c ^esbptetians* Lib. IV. 15^0. thoriry(which was not in her to difpute)of the King his Father -, yet Queen Elizabeth looked upon it as a publick oppofition to her own Pretenfions, an open difallowing of her Title to the Crown of this Realm. She had good reafon to prefume that they by whofe Authority and Counfel (he was devefted of her Title, would leave no means untryed, nor no (tone unmoved, by the rouling whereof (he might be tumbled out of her Go- vernment, and deprived alfoof her Kingdom. Which jealoufie fo juftly fetledj received np fmall increafe, from the putting o- ver of fo many French, distributing them into fo many Garrifons, but more efpecially , by their fortifying of the Town of Lcith$ at which Gate ail the ftrengths of France might enter when oc- casion fesved : And then how eafie a pafiage might they have into England? divided only by fmall Rivers in fome places, and in fome other places not divided at all. But that which moft afTured her of their ill intentions , was the great preparations latelv made by the Marquifs of Elbzuf one of the Brothers of the Queen Regent , and consequently Uncle to the Queen of Scots. For though he was fo diftrefied by tempefts , that eighteen Enfignes were cafl: away on the Coaft of Holland, and the reO: forced for the prefent to return into France $ yet after- wards, with one thoufand Foot, and fome remainders of bis Horfe, he recovered Leith, and joyned himfelf unto the reft of that Nation, who were there difpofed of. Of all which palTages and provocations, the Chief Confederates of the Con- gregation were fo well informed , as might allure them that Queen Elizabeth would be eafily moved for her own Securi- ty to aid them in expelling the French'-, and then the prefer- vation of Religion, aad the Securing of themfelves, their Eftates and Families, would come in of courfe. 22. It was upon this Reafon of State, and not for any quar- rel about Religion, that Queen Elizabeth put her felt into Arms, and lent the Scots a helping hand to remove the French. And by the fame fhe might have jufHfied her felf before all the World, if fhe had followed thofe advantages which were gi- ven her by it, and feized into her hands fuch Caftles, Towns, and other places of importance within that Kingdom, as might give any opportunity to the French-Scots to infeft her Terri- tories. For when one Prince pretends a Title to the Crown of another , or otherwife makes preparations more then ordi- nary both by Land and Sea, and draws them together to fome place, from whence he may invade the other whenfoever he pleafe 5 the other party is not bound to fit ftill till the War be brought to his own doors, but may lawfully keep it at a diftance , as far off as he can, by carrying it into the Enemies Country , and getting into his power all their ftrong Paifes , Holds, and other Fortrefles„ by which he maybe hirfdred from approachingneater. But this can no way juftifie orexcufethe Scots, which are not to be reckoned for the lefs Rebels againft their Lie IV. Xttf^flW Of ttjt^Sty tl then i>v.;i undoubted Sovereign, lor being fu a War to the Qrjeen of i >■ the i wilde sir.iL'i.ins could be defended in tlieil : ch.idnczzjdr ju(t i led i;i bispch i .ruinv Ulelt p - Almighty God for tr.il (.t ^. king uie oi the Sdoh rhemfclvrs , who hid fo earncltl) fi - plicated for her aid and lua !• C mmillioners arc thereup- on appointed to treat at Btrtvick : I Otm IXC whom, and the A - ats for the Lords of the Congr gatton, all things in reference to the War are agreed up. o : i bo£um and rc'ult \ this, That the Englith with a puiilant Armv entred into 8c land , reduced rhe whole War to the of Lath , a brought the French in fhoit time into Inch cure: were forced in cooclufitil to abandon Scotland. ^ and Leave t Country wholly in a manner to the Congregation. 23. Thefe were the grounds, and this rhe ill'ue of tbofe counfels, whicli proved lo glorious and fu ll unto Qjjeen bliZidbetb in all the time ot her Jong Keign : For by giving tins lealonable Aid to thole of the Congregation in the need, and by feeding fome of the Ctfiefs amongft them with (mull an* nual Penliom, Ihe made her felf fa ablolutc, and oi luch Autho- rity overall the Nation , that neither rhe Qjiecnr am. etc Prcdcccllbrs, were of equal power, nor had rhe like Command upon them. The Church was alio for a while a great gain c by it i the Scots h.id hitherto made ufe of the Engl i ft Li'urgic in Cods publick Worlhip 9 the fjncie of extemporary Prayers not being then taken up amotftgft them, as is affirmed by Knox himf-lf in his Scott -ih Hilrorv But now upon the ft nee ol Co great a benefit, and out of a delire to unite the Nations in tl e molt conftant bonds of friendfhin , they binde rhemfelvcs by their fubfctiption to adhere unto it : For which I have no worlc a Witnefs then their ow t) Fuchanan. And that they might ap- proach as near unto it in the Form of Government as the prefent condition of the times would bear, as they placed fe- veral Minilters for their leveral (Churches, (as Knox in E den* iorok^by Goodman at St. Andrcvct , Acr:ot at Abcrd. .N lo they ordained certain Superinten hints tor their Mini* irers i all the fclpifcopal Sees being at that time tilled with Po- pith Prelates. And happy it had been tor 1 tinned (till in fo good a pofturc ; mi 1 that the Vrc humonr hid not lo tar obliterated all remembrance ot their 0 1 5 s %l)t ^iC^p of tije $jcsbytetian& l i i iv. old afTedHons, as in the end to profecuteboth the Liturgieand Epifcopacie to an extermination. And there accrued a further benefit by it to the Scots thtmfelves 5 that is to fay, the confir- mation of the Faith which they fo contended for by Ad of Pai- liamem : for by difficulties of Agreement between the Commif- fioaers authorized on all fides to attone the differences, it was conferred to by thofe for the Queen of Scots, that the Eftates of the Realm (hould convene and hold a Parliament in the An- guji following, and that the faid Convention ihould be as law- tul in all refpects, as if it (hould be fummoned by the particu- lar and exprefs command of the Kings themfelves. Accord- ing to which Article they hold a Parliament, and therein paTs an Aft for the ratification of the Faith and Doctrine, as it was then drawn up into the Form of a Confeflion by fome of their Minifters. But becauie this Confeffion did receive a more ple- nary Confirmation in the fir ft Parliament of King James, we fhall refer all further fpeech of it till we come to that. They al- fo palled therein other A^ts to their great advantage } firft for a- bolilhing the Popes Authority 5 the fecond for repealing all for- mer Statutes which were made and maintainedof that whichthey called Idolatry 5 and the third againft the faying or hearing of Mafs. 24. It was conditioned in the Articles of the late agreement, that the Queen of Scots (hould fend Commiffionersto their pre- fent Parliament, that the refults thereof might have the force and tfTtct of Laws 5 but (he intended not for her part to give their Acls the countenance of Supreme Authority j and the Chief-leading -men of the Congregation did not much regard it, as thinking themselves in a capacity to manage their own bufinefs without any fuch countenance: For though they had. addrefled thtmfelves to the King and Queen for confirmation of fuch Ads as had pafifedinthis Parliament j yet they declared that what they did was rather to exprefs their obedience to them, then to beg of them any ftrength ro their Religion. They had alrendy caft the Rider, and were refolved that neither King nor Queen (hould back them for the time to come. The Qjeen Regent wearied and worn out with fuch horrid info- lencies, departed this life at Edenborongb on the 10 of Jnne $ and none was nominated to fucceed with like Authority : The French Forces were imbarked on the 16 of July , except fome few which were permitted to remain in the Cattle of Dunbar% andthelfleof inchkeeths fo few, that they feemed rather to be left for keeping pofleilion of the Kingdom in the name of the Qjeen, then either to awe the Country, or command obedi- ence. And that they might be free from the like fears for the times eniuing, Francis the Second dyeth on the 5 of December^ leaving the Qjeen or Scots a defolate and friendlefs Widdow, aflifted onely by her Uncles of the Houfe of Guife, who though they were able to do much in France , could do little out of it. This L i b. I v. %ty l?Mfto?p of tljc pie sby tmans. 1 5 9 This put the Scott (f mcjn the lcading*.s\v // nf the Congrtvt- tion) into fuch a ftomack, that they refolved to Acer theil courlc by another compals , and not to Sail onely by fuch Winds as fliould blow from England. They knew full well that the breach between the two Queens was not reconciles bltj and that their own Queen would be always kept fo low by the power of England , that they might trample on her as they pleafed, now they had her under. And though at fir ft they had. imbractd the Common-prayer- Book uld not be Bapttfed till they came unto the years ot dilc-e i in : And thar all M iff ier< and < thct Malefactors punilh.ible by doth accordii g to Laws of the Land, though they be pardoned tor the fame bv the fupr erne Magift rates, (hall notwithstanding be efteemed exc< mm nicate perfons, and not received into the C itirch wii .- (iu inch fatisfa&ion and fubmjfiion as is required ot oth r 1.0- r 1 ions offenders by the rXules ot the I )ifcipltne.!t appe 1 oy tb.ib Bookj that there was one (finding Supreme C uncil tor or- dering the Affairs of t he-Church) and by which all publick grie- vances were to be red retTed 3 but ot whai p 1(1 (ted, and in what place it was held ioned in it. . . This Book being tendered to the con (id rion of Eitatesj was by them rejected) wh re be- cause they could pot make fach a man if eft reparation from the Polity of the Church of Emgttnd^ or thar it concerned rum more particularly in their own proper interest, in regard of tl irchrlands c< Tythes which they h id .iinongil them, or pc. . T 1 6 2 %l)t l^ittojp of $e ^esfoptertan& L i B. i v; £or both. Certain it is, that fome of them paft it over by no better Title thenthat of fome devout imaginations, which could not be reduced to practice. This fo offended Knox and others, who haa drawn it up (if any other but Knox onely had a hand therein) that they fpared not bitterly to revile them for ^heir colduefsia-ir, taxing them for their carnal liberty, their love unt j their worldly Commodities , and their corrupt imagi- nations: Some of them are affirmed to have been licentious ; fome greedily to have griped the pofleffions of theChurch,and others to be fo intent upon the getting of Chrifts Coat, that they would not fray till he was crucified. Of the Lord Erskin whorefufed to fubfcribe to the Book , it is faid particularly, that he had a very evil woman to his Wife, and that if the Schools, the poor, and the Mimftry of the Church had their own, his Kitchin would have lacked two parts of that which he then pofltfled. Of ail of them it was admired, that for fuch a long continuance they could hear the threatnings of God againft Thieves and Robbers , and that knowing themfelves to be guilty of thofe things which were mod rebuked, they mould never have any remorfe of Corfcience, nor intend the reftoring of thofe things which they had fo ftolen. For fo it was (if they may be believed that faid it) that none in all the Realm were more unmerciful to the poor Minifters, then they that had in- vaded and pofleffed themfelves of the greateft Rents of right belonging unto the Church, and therein verified as well the old Proverb, That the belly hath no ears at all, as a new obfervation ef their own deviling, T£<*f nothing would fuffice a wretch. Such were the difcontents and evaporations of thefe zealous men, when they were eroded in any thing which concerned them in their power or profit. 1561. 30, ^ut 'n another of their projecls they had better Fortune. They had folSicited the Convention of Estates for demolishing of ail Monuments of Superftitionand Idolatry, in which number they accounted all Cathedral Churches, as well as Monafreries and ether Religious Houfes , which they infixed on the ra- ther, becaufe it was perceived, and perhaps given out , that the Papifls would again ereft their old Idolatry, and take upon them a command (as before they did) upon the Confidences of the people 3 that To as well the great men of the Realm, as fuch whom Cod of his Mercy (fothey tell us) had fubjecfed to them, mould be compelled to obey their Jawlefs appetites, fh this, fome hopes were given them that they (hould be fatisfied, but nothing done in execution of the fame,till the Mxy next fol- lowing : And poflibly enough it might have been delayed to a Jonger time, if the noife and expectation of the Queens ret urn had not fpurred it on : For either fearing, or not knowing what might happen to them, if fbe fhould intcrpofe her power to preferve thofe places, whofe demoliihing they fo much defired } they introduce that Difcipline by little and little, which they could could not fettle all ar or.rc I hey begin lirlr planting Churchctj and nominating Superintend htitor their fcveral Circuits ; they fuperinauce rherr own Mfniftew over the heads of the old io- cum bents •■> efrabliih their P eabytcrici, divide c hem bun fi rcral Chiles, and hold then general All emblieswit hoi leave de- fired of the Queen or Council. They proceed oextto execu ail forts of Ecclefiaftical Ceuiurfi , and arrogate Authority t i rhetrfelvci and their Elders to ExconouMiicatc *li fuch ai they found unconformable to their new devices. For the n it rrj il el their power, th.-y convent one * .w.hrjnn, who had beei cu fed to them for Adultery, whom they eondemoed to be carted, and publickly expofed unto the fcorndf Bov. and Children. Ah uproar had been made in I ■ denborou^b about the chufing of a liobbtnbood Cora H'hitfon-Lord J in which lome lew ol ihcprc- ciler fort oppofed all the rtfl } and lor this ciime thev excom- aiunicate the whole mu ritudei, wherein they (hewed chemfelvea to be very unskilful in the Canon-law, in which they might have found, that neither the Supreme Magdf rare, nor any great multitudes of people are to be fab Jed to that Cenfurc. They proceed afterwards to the appointing of folemn Fads, and make choice ol Sunday lor the day } which lince tlut time bath been made ufeol for tbofeFafts, more then any other : and in tiiis point they (hewed thcmlclves directly contrary to the practice of the Primitive Church, in which it was accounted a great im- piety to keep any Fait upon that day, either private or publick. They Interdict the Bilhops from exercising any Eeclefialhcal Ju* r i ("diiTt on ia their fcveral Dioccilcs } and openly quarrel with their Queen, for giving a Com million to the Archbilhop ol St. Andrews to perform lome Acts which feemed to them to fa. v ur of E pi (Copal power. Having artamed unto this height, t Jury maintain an open correlpondence with lome Forreign Churches, give audience to the Agents of Berne, Bajil and Ge- neva h from whom ihey received the fum of their Conlcflions, ind figoifitd their con lent with them in all particulars, except Fcltivals onely, which they had univerfally abolilhcd through- out the Kinudom^ and finally, they take upon them to write unto the b;lhops of End fid , whom they admonifhed not to v^x or fulpend their Brethren lor not conforming to the Rule* of the Church, efpecially in refuting the Cap and Surplice, which they Call frequently by the tunic of tr/flcs, vnn trrjies, and the old b.td&es of iduLttrj . All which they did, and more, in purluic of their D it ciplinc, though never authorized by Law, or confirmed by the Queen, nor julrified by the Convention of Eftates, though it conlilted for the molt part or their own Pro- fellui*. A Petition is directed to the Fords of fecrer Council, from the A [, entities of the C/jnrJj, in which their Lordlhips arc foUicited to difpatch the bufineft. But not content with that which they had formerly moved, ir was demanded alfo that fome fevere courle might be taken a^ainft the Sayers and Hearers of y 2 Miff, 164 %ty ^ittofl? of tt)e $jesbptettan& l i b iv. Maf?5thatfit provifion (hould beraadefor their Superintendents, Preachers, and other Minifters \ and that they (hould not be compellable to pay their Tythes as formerly to the Popilh Cle- gy, with other particulars of that nature. And that they might not trifle in it as they had done hitherto , the Petition carried in it more threats and menaces, then words of humble fuppli- cation as became Petitioners., For therein it faid exprelly, That before thofe Tyrants and dumb Dogs (houd have Empire over them , and over fuch as God had fubjected unto them, they were fully determined to hazard both life, and whatfoe- ever they had received of Cod in Temporal things 5 thatthere- fore they befought their Lordfhips to take fuch order, that the Petitioners (if they may be called fo) might have no occafion to take the Sword of juft defence into their hands, which they had fo willingly refignedjafter the Victory obtained,intothofe of their Lordlhips , that fo doing, their Lordlliips fhould perceive they would notonely be obedient unto them in all things law- ful, but ready at all times to bring all fuch under their obedi- ence, as mould at any time rebel againft their Authority 5 and finally, that thofe enemies of God might allure themfelves,that they would no no longer fuffer Pride and Idolatry 5 and that if their Lordlliips would not take fome order in the prcmifes, they would then proceed againft them of their own Authority- after fuch a manner, that they (hould neither do what they lift, nor live upon the fweat of the brows of fuch as were in no fort debtors to them. 31. On the receipt of this Petition,an Order prefently is made by the Lords of the Council, for granting all which was defiredj and had more been defired, they had granted more : fo for- midable were the Brethren grown to the oppofite party. Nor was it granted in words o^nely which took no effeft, but exe- cution caufed to be done upon it, and warrants to that purpofe ifTued to the Earls of Arrane0 ArguiXe and Glencarne^ the Lord James steward, &c. Whereupon followed a pitiful devaftari- on of Churches and Church-buildings in all parts of the R.ealmjno difference made, but all Religious Edifices of what fort foever, were either terribly defaced,or utterly ruinated , the holy Vef- fels, and vvhatfoeverelfe could be turned into money, as Lead, Bel^TimberjGIafsj^c. was publickly expofedtofale^ the very Sepulchres of the dead not fpared , the Regifters of the Church, and the Libraries thereunto belonging, defaced, and thrown into the fire. W hatfoever had efcaped the former tumults, is now made fubjeclto deftrudVion } fo much the worfe, becaufe the violence and facrilegious actings of thefe Church-robbers had now the countenance of Law. And to this work of fpoyl and rapine, men of all Ranks and Orders were obferved to put their helping hands^ men of moft Note and Quality beingforward in it, in hope of getting tothemfelves the moft part of the booty 5 thofe of the poorer fort, in hope of being gratified for their pains there- in h i o. iv. xtjc tytitojp cf tijc $y&tyttnans« in by their Lcidsot d i'.itic us. K« th foi It « i.c-ui g' '' t(- '( by the .Ions inadncfs or hmit: of their fedirioua Pt h,> frequently cryed our, i hat the- pla^c. where Idol h..d been wor.- (bippcd9oughf by the Law ot G< dre I'-" dettroj Ijthat the ip i - ring of them was the referviogof things execrable j and chat tl Commandment given to Jfrstl tor deltroying the phecs v.h. the C ana.-.nites cid woiihip their falfeG<>d«, juft wjn.iuc to the people for doing the like. B\ whic{) encouragements, the mad Deft of the pt ople was rraofporced beyond the bounds which they }iad iirlr preie; ibed unto it. In the ! (lf the heats, they defigned onely the definition 0 le.i 'ous Houfesf for fear the Monks and I'iyais might otherwife be re- (rorcd in time to their former dwellings : Bui they proceeded to the demolition of Cathedral Churches , and ended in the rufne of Parochial alio, th£ Chancels whereof were fore to be level ltd in all places, though the llks and bodies of them might fpared in tome. 1>. Such was the entertainment which the Scots prepared for their Q_.iee.ns coming over. Who taking no delight i.-i / r lr. where every thing renewed the memory of her great lofs5 \ eafijy inrreated to return to her native Kingdom. Her c much deliredby thofe of the Popiftl party, in hope that by . power and pretence they might be lutfered at the leafr to en- joy the private Exercile or their Religion , if not a publick ap- probation and allowance of it. Solicited as earncfriy by thofe of the Knoxian intereft , upon a confidence that they (hould be better able to deal with her when fhe was in their power, ailifted onely by the Counfels of a broken Clergy, then if (he ihould remain in France , from whence by her Alliances an 1 powerful Kindred fhe might create more miichief to them tl lhe could at home. On the 10 day o[ A u i^u It i\\c arrives in Scot- Ia»dt accompanied by her Uncles the Duke of Aumdlcs , the Marquefsot ///><*•«/, and the Lord grand Pryor, with other No- ble-men of France. The time of her arrival was objured with fuch Fogs and Mills, that the Sun was not feen to (bine in two days before, nor in two days alter. Which though it made her p ffage i\\fe from the Ships ol i England , which were defign- ed to intercept her, yet was it looked upon by mofr men as a lad prelage of thole uncomfortable times which flic found amjngft them.* Againlt Sunday, being the 24, there wcregreit prepa- rations made for celebrating Mafs in the Chappcl-ivoya! of Holjrood-Houfc. At waich the Brethren of the Congregation were fo highly ohended , that fomc of them cryed out aloud fo as a Ii might h'.ar them, That the Idolatrous TricSis jUsonld Jj . tie death according to Gods Lan> ± Others atlirming with L DOife, bur wirh no lefs Confidence , That th.y could not abide ^ tint 1 . -.1 which God /<, hit foirc- hi I p ; I . >latrf} J' oid I ns their fight be poUu'.c I xnth the J ime ayain. And que* (Honlcfi fomc.grcat mtfchicf muft have followed on it, i( the 1 urd 66 %l)t ^tGc^ of tt)e ^esbpteriattS* l i b. iv- Lord James Steward (to preferve the honour of his Nation in the eye of the Frenchfiiad not kept the door : which he did,un- der a pretence that none of the Scottifi Nation fhould be pre- fent at the hearing of Mafs> contrary to the Laws and Statutes made in that behalf, but in plain truth, to hinder them by the power and reputation which he had amongft them5froni throng- ing in tumuItuuuOy todifturb the bufinefs, 33. For remedy whereof for the time to come, an Order was iflued the next day by the Lords of the Council , and Au- thorized by the Qj.ieen , in which it was declared , that no manner of perfon fhould privately or openly take in hand to aiter or innovate any thing in the State of Religion which the Queen found publickly and univerfally received at her Ma)e» (ties arrival in that Realm , or attempt any thing againft the fame upon pain of death. But then it was required withal, that rone of the Leiges take in hand to trouble or molcftany of her Majefties Domeftick Servants^ or any other perfons which had accompanied her out of France at the time then prefent, for any caufe whatfoever , in word , deed, or countenance} and that upon the pain of death, as the other was. But notwith- ftanding the equality of fo juft an Order, the Earl of Arrane in the name of the reft of the Congregation profefled openly on the fame day at the Crofs in Edenboroygh, That no protection Jhoald be given to the Queens Domejiickj^ or to any other perfon that came out of Ftance^either to violate the Laves of the Realm^ or offend Gods MajeUy, more then teas given to any other fubje&s. And this he did, as he there affirmed, becaufe Gods Law had pronounced death to the Idolater , and the Laws of the Realm had appointed punifhment for the layers and hearers of Mafs^ in m which he would have none exempted , till fome Law were publickly made in Parliament, and fuch as was agreeable to th^ Word of God, to annul the former. The like diftemper had pofitfr all the reft of the Lords at their tuft coming to the Town to attend her Majefty to congratulate her fafe arrival, but they cooled all of them by degrees, when they confidered the unreafonablenefs of the Protefration, in denying that Liber- ty of Confcience to their Soveraign Queen, which every one of them (0 much defired to enjoy for himielf: Orely the Earl ^rranehe\d it out to the laff. He had before given himfelf feme hopes of marrying the Queen , and fent her a ridh Ring immediately en the death of the King her Husband } but find- ing no return agreeable to his expectation, he fuffered himfelt to be as much tranfported to the other extreme, according to the natural Genius of the Presbyterians, who never yet Knew any- mean in their loves orhatred. 34. John Knox makes good the Pulpit in the chief Church at Fdcnborotigh on the Sunday following, in which he bitterly in- v< i^lied againft fdolatry, fhewiog what Plagues and Puniihments God had in flitted for the fame upon fevcral Nations, And then he Lib. IV. Xt)C i)lft02l> Cf ti)C £ pgtytftUUl& i67 he add1, tint one Maf* was more fearful to him, then ;f ten thouland armed Enemies were landed id jay part bi the il | on purpofe to fupprefs their Whole Kt which they had fiich good experience in their former troubles) but that it they joyned hands wtr h Idolatry, they fhuuld be deprived or the comforta- ble prcfence and afliftancc of Almighty God. A Conference hereupon enfued betwixt him and the Queen, at the hearing whereof there was none prtlcnt bur the Lord 'j-tmct SUW*rd% belides two Gentlemen Which fri>"d ar the end or the Roc m. la the beginning whereof, (he charged him with railing Sedition in that Kingdom, putting her own Subjects into Arms agaiaft her, writing i book agamfl the Regiment of Women h and in the cud , defcendtd to fome points of Keligion. To all which Knox returned fuch anl we' s, or clle I ^favourably reports them to ht<* own advantage'tor we muO take the whole itory as it Comes from biipen) that he is made to go away With as ea tie a victory, as when the Knight of the Bco: encounters with ioine Dwarf or Pigmy in the old Rontinrcr. All that theQjeen got by it from the mouth of this Adverfaiy, was, that he found in her a proud mixdc, a crafty ?r//, and an obdurate heart ggdimft God and hit Trutb. And in th;s Character he thought rumlelf confirmed by her following anions: For fpending the reft of the Summer i.i vilirmg fome of the chief To -vns of her Kingdom, the carried the Mais with her into all places wherefoever (he came s and at her coming back, gave order for fcttingout the Mafs with more emnity on AlhuHo&fdiy, then at any time or place before. Of this the Minilters complain to fuch of the Nobility as were then Pvclidcnt in the City , bur finde nor fuch an eagerncls in them as in former times. Fornow fome of them make a d >ubc tier the Subject s might ufc force for fi*ppre]Jin^ the idolatry of their rrinces which heretofore had palled in the affirmative as a truth infallible. A Conference is thereupon appointed be- tween fome of the Lords, and fuch of the Minifteri as appear- ed molt Zealous againff the Mafs j the Lords disputing for the Qjcen, and urging that it was not lawful to deprive her of that in which (he placed To great a part of her Keligion. The con- trary was maintained by Knox, and the red of the Mmifrers 5 who feeing that they could not carry it, as before, by their own Authority, dcfired that the deciding of the point might be refer- red to the godly Brethren of Geneva '■> of whofe concurring in opinion with them, they were well allured. And though the drawing up of the point, and the Inditing of the Letter, being committed unto Lcdttigton the principal Secretary, was not dilratched with fuch pottShafte as their Zeal required) vet they dewed plainly* by infilling on that propofiticn , both from uth they had received the Doctrines of making Soveraign Princes lubjcct to the luffs of the people , and trour1 6 8 %$z i&itoa? of tfce ^esbptcriansu l i b. i v- from whofe hands they did expecl: the defence thereof. 35. A general AiTembly being indicted by them about that time, or not iong after,a queftion is made by fome of theCoart- Lords, whether luch All'emblies might be holden by them with- out the Queens notice and confent. To which it wasanfwered, that the Aireuibly neither was, nor could be held without her notice, becaufe (he underftood that there was a Reformed Church within the Realm, by the Orders whereof they had ap- pointed times for their publick Conventions. But as to her al- lowance of it, it was then objected, that if the Liberty of the Church (hould (land uponthe Queens allowance or difallowances they were alTured that they mould not onely want Affemblies, but the preaching of the Word it Felf , for if the rrcedom of Affemblies was taken away, the Gofpel in effecl muft be alfo fupprefltd, which could not long fubfift without them. The putting in of the demurrer concerning the Authority in calling and holding their afFemblies, prompted them to prefent the Book of Difciplme to her Majefries view, and to follicite her by all the Friends and means they could for her Royal-AiTent : But finding no hope of compaffing their defires for that Book in general, it was thought beft to try their Fortune in the purfuit of fome particulars contained in it. And to that end it was propounded to the Lords of the Council, that Idolatry might be fuppriiled, the Churches planted with true Minifters, and that certain provifion fhould be made for them according to c- quity and good Confcience. The Minifters till that time had lived for the moft part upon fuch Benevolences as were raifed tor them on the people \ the Patrimony of the Church being j'cized into the hands of private perfons, and alienated in long Leafes by the Popifh Clergy. The Revenue of the Crown was fmall when it was at the beft, exceedingly impaired fince the death of King 'James the Fifth, and not fufricient to defray the neceifary charge and expence of the Court. To farisfie all parties 3 it was ordered by the Lords of the Council, that the third part of all the Rentsof Ecclefiaftical Benefices mould be taken up for the ufe of the Queen} that the other two parts ihouid remain to the Clergy, or to fuch as held them in their Right 3 and that the Queen3 out of the part affigned to her, (hould maintain the Minifters. This Order bears da»e at Eden- borough, December 20, but gave no fatisfaftion to the Minifters or their Sollickers, who challenged the whole Patnmony, by the Rules of the Difcipline , to belong onely to themfelvcs. K». iv. Xfic DtftO'p of rftc ®Krtptenanfc i 6? But notwithfranding thefe fcditious and uncharitable furuiifcs ot their hot-headed Preachers, a Comtniffion is yj.mu d by the Queen to certain of her Officers, aod other perfons Quality, not ondv to receive the laid third partj bur cut of it to ofligoe Inch yearly (Upends tu their Minifteri as to them feemed meet. They were all fach as did profefs the Reform* cd Religion, and therefore could not but be thought to be well* affected to the Mioifleri Biaintatrtance j to fonie of which they allowed one- hundred Marks by the year ■> unto fooic three hundred} infomuch, that it was laid by Lcd/ngton principal Secretary of Eftate, t hat when the Ministers wefe paid the Sri- peodl aligned unto ihein , the red would hardly rindc the Queen a new pur of Shooea. But on the other fide, the Mini- ftcrs vehemently exclaimed agamtt thefe affignmeots ) and o- pcnly profeft it to be very uiireafonablr, that Inch dumb Dogs and Idle-bellies as the Popilh Clergy Ihould have I thouland Marks per annum } and that themfelves (good men) who fpenr. their whole time in preaching the Gofpel, Ihould be put olf with two or three hundred. They railed with no Icls bitrernefs a- gaintt the Laird of Pittaroiv, who was appointed by the Queen for their pay-Matter General^and ufedtofay incommon Speech, that the good I.aird ot Pitttrow, Comptroller of her Ma jetties Houlhold , was a Zealous Profellor of Jcfus Chrift 5 but that the pay Matter or Comptroller would fall to the Devil. And for the Q_een, (o far they were from acknowledging the receipt of any favour from her, in the true payment ot their Stipends, that they difputcd openly againtt that Title which fhe pretend- ed to the thirds, out of which flic paid them. By lotne it was affirmed, that no fuch part had appertained to any of her Pre- deceilors in a thouland years, by others, that the had no better Title thereunto (whether Ihe kept them to her lelf, or divided them amoogit her Servants ) then had the Souldicrs by whom Chntt was crucified to divide his Garments. 9-. It hapned not long atterthefe debates, that upon the re- 1562, ceiving of lome gocd news from her Friends in France, the Q_ ecu appeared to be very merry, betook herfelf to dancing, and continued in that recreation till after midnight. The news whereof being brought to Knox, who ha d his Spies upon her at all times to obferve her anions 5 the Pulpit mult needs ring of it, or elfe all was marred : Hcchufeth for his Text thefe words of the fecond Pf*lm, viz* And now under jiand 0 ye Kings , and be learned ye that judge the earth. Difcourling on which Text, he began to tax the ignorance, the vanirv , and the delpight of Princes againtt all Vertue , and againft all thofc in whom hatred of Vice and love of Vertue appeared. Report is made unto the Queen, and this report begets a fecond Conference betwixt her and Knox, in which fhe mutt come olf with as little credit as ihe did in the firtt. Knox tells her in plain terms, that it is3 oftentimes thejult recompeucc that Cod gives the Itubbornof L tho 1 70 %\yt iifto?? of tt)e $jcsbpieuan£u l i b. i v , the World , that becaufe they will not hear God fpeaking to the comfort of the Penitent, and for the amendment of the wicked, they are oft compelled to hear the falfe reports of o- thers to their great difpleafute. To which immediately he fubjoyned , that it cculd not chufe but come to the Ears of Herod, that our Saviour Jefus Chrift had called him Fox ■> but that the men who told him of it, did not alfo tell him what an odious act he had committed before God, incaufing John the Baptift to be beheaded, to recompence the dancing of an Har- lots Daughter The Queen defired (after much other talk between them) that if he heard any thing of her which difrafted him, he would repair to her in private, and fhe would willingly hear what he had to fay. To which he anfwered with as little reverence and modefty as to all the reft, that he was appoint- ed by God to rebuke the vices and fins of all, but not to go to every one in particular to make known their offences $ that if fhe pleafed to frequent the publick Sermons , me might then know what he liked or difliked5as well in her felf as any others 5 but that to wait at her Chamber-door, orelfewhete , and then to have no further liberty then to whifper in her ear what he had to fay , or to tell her what others did fpeak of her, was neither agreeable to his vocation, nor could ftand with his Confcience. 38. At Midfummer they held a general AfTembly, and there agreed upon the Form of a Petition to be prefented to the Queen in the name of the Kirk 5 the fubftance of it was for a- boliming the Mafs, and other fuperftitious Mites of the Romifo Religion 5 for inflicting fome punifhment againft Blafphemie, Adultery , contempt of the Word , the Profanation of Sacra- mentsx and other like vices condemned by the Word of God, whereof the Laws of the Realm did not take any hold } for re- ferring all actions of Divorce to the Churches judgement, or at the leaft to men of good knowledge and converfation 5 for ex- cluding all Popifh Church men from holding any place in Coun- cil or Seliicn; and finally, for the increafe and more allured payment of the Minilters Stipends, but more particularly for appropriating the Glebes and Houfes unto them alone. This W3S the fum of their defires, but couched in fuch irreverent, coarfe,and bitter expreflions, and thofe expreflions justified with fuch animofities, that Lethittgton had much ado to prevail upon them for putting it into a more dutiful and civil Language. All which the Queen knew well enough, and therefore would afford them no better anfwer, but that fhe would do nothing to the prejudice of that Religion which (he then profeffed s and that the hoped to have Mafs reftored, before the end of the year, in all parts of the Kingdom. Which being fo faid,or fo reported, gave Knox occafion in his preachings to the Gentry of Kjleand Galloway (to which he was commifiioned by the faid Affembly) to forewarn fome of them of the dangers which would fhortly follow 3 t, 1 1 . i v. xim i>aio;p of tl)c i&jcsbptcrians, follows aiu^ thereupon c.meftlv I > exhort them t<> t.i!. oider , that they might be obedient Unto Authority, and y-i not fuller t he £neoii< : or God* Lruch to \\i\ vc the upper-hand. And they, who underftuod hta meaning} at balfa wui thmife'ves together <>n t. ^ 4 of S'tfttmlttr , .it (K.vn of Air, where thej eaticd into a comoi m Ekwd, fubicribed bj 1 I'ari of Glencame , thff Lords *o>^ and Vthtliry, v it H one hundred and thirty more of Note and Quality , b. fides thr Provoft and ff the Town ot Air , which n..ole forty more. 1 he tenour of which Bond was thii that foU lowcth. 99. (Td rvhoje names *irf under written, do promt fc in the 1 rr- fence of God, and m the prejemee of hit Son our i crd jt Chrilt , thst wey and every one of- */, frail and wiJ maintain the Vrcadstng of his holy I \ tmg /, noir of hx mercy offered and granted to this Litalm\ ar.d aljo will ru:r:t.i:n the Mimjitrs oj the javte againli all perfens , i'jwer and Authority , that will oppose ibemj'cli cs to the Docfrtne propofed , and ly us re- ceived. And fnrth:r^with the fame folemmty we protejt nndpro- t/i'j'cihit every one of US Jhad .: Jiji another , ya, an J the rrhde hitoy of the rroteji ants within this Realm, 11 all I itrf>nr,dgairji ad perj ons j fo thst who fo vcr jhitto??of t|)cp;tsbptcnans:. i73 been of that opinion, and did Co remain. A Queftinn hereupon arifing about the punilhmcnt ot Kings, if they were Nolaterf-) it was hoiirttly affirmed bv Ledingtun, That there was DO Com* mandment f"ivcn in that cafe to puniih Kings, and thattrv pic had no pOWCf t > be judges over them, but mult leave rhftn unto God alone, who would either puniih them by dca;b, impri- sonment, war, or iome orher Plagues. Againft which Knox replyed with his wonted confidence , that to alfirm that the people, or apart ot the people may not cxecure Gods Judgments >tf|inft their King bung tn i fJcndcr , the Lord / elington could have no other Warrant, o.tvpr, his own itnagin Itioatj and the npin;- on of fuch , as rather feared to difpleafc their Princes, then offend their God. Againft which when Ledtngton objected Authority of fomc eminent Protectants s Ka^-x-anfwered, that they (pake of Chridians fubjed to Tyrants and Infidels, fo difperfed, that they ha J DO other force but oiely to cry unto God tor their deliverance : That Inch indeed lliould ha/.ard a- ny further then thole gorily men willed them, he would not Inltily be of ceunfel. But that his Argument had another unci, and that he I pake of a people allemblcd in one Body of a Commonwealth, unto whom God had given lufticicnt force, not onely to refill, but alio to fupprtfs all kinde of open Idolatry ; and (uch a people again he affirmed were boundro keep their Land clean and unpolluted: tiiat God required one thing of Abraham and his Seed, whenhe and they were Grangers in the Land of Fgypt^ and that another thing was required of them when they were delivered from that bondage, and put into the achial Pofleflion of the Land ot Canaan. 43. Finally, that the Application might come home to the point in hand , it was refolved by this learned and judicious Caluift, that when they could hardly finde ten in any one part 6f ^cotlind, who rightly underlfood Gods Truth, it had been foolilhnefs to have craved the fuppreffion of Idolatry either from the Nubility or the common fubjec} , becaulc it had been nothing elie but the betraying of the filly Sheep for a prey to the Wolves. But now (faith he) that God bath multiplycd kjtow- ledge, and hath given the viUory unto Truth in the hands of hit Servants, if you JJjould fu ffer the Land again to be defiled, you and your rrincc jhoitld drinl^the ckpof Gods indignation } the 6)ueet^ for her continuing objiinatc in even idolatry .in this great light of the Gofpcl '•> and you, for pcrmijion of it-> and coun- tenancing her in the fame. For my ufjertion w (laith he) that mgt have no pnvilcdgc more then hath the people to tjfend Gods I ' f< f ; and if jo he they do-, they are nv more exempted from* t ' ntent of the Law , then is any other J ubjciJ , jca} and •.'Tj may not onely lawfully oppof* theitilelvet unto t r, when fr ever thy do any thing thttexprejiy oppugnes ( ■> tndment'. but alfo that they may execute judgement ut iccording to Gjdt Laves , Jo thtt if the King be a murihtrert %$c ^itto# of tDe tyitstyttmrn* l i b. \ v. Murtherer, Adulterer, or an idolater, he Jliould fufftr according to Gods Law, not as a, King, but as an offender. Now that Knox did no? fpeak all this as his private judgement, but as it was the judgement of Calvin* and the reft of the Genevian Dt- elors, whom he chiefly followed, appears by this pa(Tage in the ftory. It was required that Knox Ihould write to Calvin, and to the Learned men in other Churches,to know their judgements in the Q/;elHon 3 to wlich he anfwered, that he was not onely fully reiolved in coufcience, but had already heard their judge- ments as well in that, as in all other things which he had affirm- ed in that Kingdom 3 that he came not to that rVealm without their resolution , and had for his a flu ranee the hand-writing of many } §nd therefore if he mould now move the fame qiefti. ens again, he muft either (hew his own ignorance, or inconftancie, or at lea ft fcrgetfulnefs. 44. Of the fame Nature, and proceeding from the fameOri- gina!,are thofe dangerous pa (Tagcs fo frequently difperfed in moft parts of his Hiftory. By which tlje Reader is informed, That Reformation of Religion dothbelong to more then the Cter- gie and the King .♦ lhat Noblemen ought to reform Religion , if the King will mots That Reformation of Religion belongeth to the Common altyjxho concurring with the Nobility , may compel the Bijhops to ceafe from their Tyranny, and bridle the cruel Beajis (the Pricjis :) That they may lawfully require of their King to have true Preachers '-, and if he be negligent , they justly may tbcKifelvis provide th-nt, maintain them, defend then* againft all that do pi~fccute then, and may detain the profits of the Church' livings from the Popifi) Clergy : 'That God appointed the Nobility to bndlc the inordinate aff elite of Princes, who info doing can. not be accounted as reftjlers of Authority } and that it is their duty to reprefs the rage and infolency of Princes : That the Nobi- lity and Commonalty ought to reform Religion '•> and in that cafe may remove f* ot)r honours, and may punifl) fuck as God hath con- demned, of nhat efiate, condition, or honour foever th<:y be : Thtt the punifliment of fuck crimes as touch the Majejiy of God. doth not appertain to Kings and chief Rulers onely , but aljo to the •whole body cf the people, and to every member of the fame, as oc- casion, vocation, or ability fhall ferve, to revenge the injury done again]} God : Tb*t Princes forjufi caufes may be depofed : That if Princes be Tyrants againft God and hk Truth, their fubje&s are freed from their Oaths of obedience : And finally , that it ar neither Birthright or propinquity of blond which mah.es a King rule over a people that profefs Jefus Chriji $ but that it comes from Jome fpecial and extraordinary difpenfation of Almighty God, 45. Such is the plain Song, fuch the Defcant of thefe Sons of Thundery firft tuned by the Genevian Doctors, by them com- mended unto Knox, and by Knox preached unto his Brethren the Kirk 6f Scotland, In which what countenance he received fronn 1 ib. IV. V. .:io^oft!Kp,!eiibi>tei«ari5. from Goodwin, and how tar he Wa led, if ROl ! i or hf.th.tn in , we (ll.ill fee hcreaher. (n I <■ the poor cj;u.t-n u,uir needs be in a ver) I i • \ cafe, whta r people ood) iiuilr be p< '• with this dangdrou chiii'-% hut tli.it liiL • »; vifr be b..llledand affronted ,!/jtcr, who con d I reiend unto I Mii.illr) in rhc* Chun uhich the dealing of ths inan gives lis proof fuffici nr, . h<.» did n it <'ncly revile her perfon in the Pulpit, .ml traduce her I \ er nmenr, but Openly pronounced her to b; an fdolur reh. and therefore to be pu milled by her Subjects at thi I .iw required. N | hiojg '.ore ordinary with him in his famous Sermon*, then ro call her a Slave to Sithm, and to tell the people that Gods vengeance hanged over the Hcilm^ by re.ilon of her i.vtpicty £ which wh.it die was it, but to inflame the hearts of the people?, as well againft the Queen , as all them that fetved her? For in his publick Ptaycrs ht commonly obferved this) For m, viz, o Lord , if it be thy goo I pleafure, purge the £hJljmgi jurbijhing, pearl, nor precious fiones. So Zealous was he tor a Purity both in Ghurch and Srare, as not to tolerate foft Rai- ttient^ though in Princes Palaces* The Queen had graced the Parliament with her prefence three days together, in one of which fhe entertains them with a Speech , to the great latis- fa&ion of all her good Subjects. Knox calls it by the name of a painted Oration , tells us in fcorn that one might have heard amongft her flatterers that it was Vox Dianx^ the voice of a Gcddefs, (forit could not be Vox Dei) and not of a woman, ethers (as he purfues the Jeer) crying our, Godfave that fweet face , was there ever Orator fpake fo properly and fo fweetly . the Letter words it) and to the conduit of tb>Je men who lrunld Let- ter p leaf e bim\ antl in the end thereof upbraids him, that his pre- ferment never came by any complying with impiety , Dor by the maintaining of pcftilent Papi 48. But to proceed to greater nutters ; the Queen began her Summers Progtefs.and lefr a Pricft behiode in Haljrood-houCc, to execute Divine-Ofticcs in the Chappel to the relr of her Fami- ly. Some of the Citizens of Edenborongb were obferved to re- pair thither at the time of Mais} whereof the Preachers make complaint, and ftir the people in their Sermons to fuch a fury, that they ilock in great multttud to I B Palace, violently force open the Chappel-doors, fcizeupOO fuch as they found there, and commit them to Prifon, the Prteft ofcaping with much difficulty by a privy Poftern. 1 'he news of this diforder is carried pofttothe Queen, who thereupon gives order to the Provoft of Edenborough to fei/.e upon the per(ooS of Andrew Armftrong^n rutrick Cranfion, (the Chief-Ringlcad en or th.* tu- mult ) that they might undergo the Law .it a time appointed, for fore thought Felony, in making a violent invali on into the Queens Palace, and for fpoliation of the lame. This puts the Brethren into a hear, and Knox is ordered by the confent of the reft of the Miniftcrs, to give notice unto all the CJiurehof the prefent dinger, that they might meet together as one in.m to prevent the mifchiet. In the clofe of which Letter he J. thein know what hopes he had, that neither ilattery nor fear would make them fo far to decline from Chrifr. Jefus, as that againft their publick Promife, and folemn Bond, they would leave their dear Brethren in fo jult a caufe. ft was about the beginning or Augujl that the tumult hapned, and the beginning ci oCiolcr that the Letter was written. A Copy of it comes in- to the hands of the Lords of the Council '-, by whom the writing of it was declared to be treafon , to the great rc- joycing of the Queen, who hoped on this occafiou to re- venge her felr upon him for his former infoleocies. But it fell out quite contrary to her expectation. Knox ib commanded to appear before the Lords of the Council, and he comes accord* ingly) but comes accompanied with fuch a train of godly Bre- thren, that they did not onciy (ill the open part oii the Court, but thronged up frairs,and prelr unto the doors of the Council. This makes the mm fo confident , as to fund out ftoutly a- gainft the Queen and ber Council, affirming that the con vocatitfg o( the people in Co }uft a Caufe, no offci liutr t Law} and boldly telling them, that they who had inflamed tl Queen againft thofc poor men, were the Sons of the Devil ^ and therefore that It was no mirvailif they obeyed the deiiretof their A a Father^ 1 78 %t)e ^ttto# of tt)e ^esbptetiansu l i i. iv. Father, who was a Murtherer from the beginning. Moved with which confidence, or rather terrified with the clamours of the Rafcal Rabble, even ready to break in upon them, the whole Nobility then prefent, abfolved him of all the crimes objefred to him , not without fome praife to God for his modefty , and for his plain and fenfible anfwers , as himfdf reports it. 1564. 49. Wcrfe fared it with the Queen, and thofe of her Religion in another adventure, then it did in this. At the miniftringor the Communion in Edenborough on the firft of April, the Brethren are advertifed that the Papifts were bufie at their Mafs$ fome" of which taking one of the BaylifFs wi'h them, laid hands upon the Pneft , the Matter of the Houfe, and two or three of the Adiftants } all whom they carryed tothe Tole-booth or C amnion* hall : The Prieft they reinvtft with his Mailing-Garments 5 fet him upon the Market crofs, unto which they tye Him, hold- ing a Chalice in his hand, which is tyed to it alio , and there ex puled him for the fpace of an hour to be pelted by the boys v/ith rotten Eggs. 7 he next day he is accufed and convicted in a courfe of Law , by which he might have fufFsred death, but that the Law had never been confirmed by the King op Queen. So that inftead of all other punifhments which they had no juft power to inflict upon him, he was placed in the fame manner on the Market-crofs , the Common hang-man frandin^ by, and there expofed to the fame infolencies for the {pace of three or four hours _,as the day before. Some Tumuh might have followed on it„ but that the Provoft with fome Halberdiers difperfcd the multitude, and brought the poor Prieft off with fafety. Of this the Queen ccmplains^but without any Remedy : Inilead of other fatisfaclion, an Article is drawn up by the Com- iruflkners of the next AiTembly,.ro be prefented to rhe Parlia-' meet then fitting at Edenborough , in which it was defired, *i hat the Pdpjjlical and blafphemous Mafs^ with all the Tapijiical . idolatry , zndVapal Jurifdi&ion^ be unive^fully fuppreji, and abolijhed throughout this Realm , not one ly in the fubje&s, but the gutens own perfon, &c. of which more hereafter. It was not, long fince nothing was more preached amongft them, then the great tyranny of the Prelates , and the unmerciful dealing of fuch others as were in Authoiity , in not permitting them to have the liberty of Confciencein their own Religion} which now they denyed unto their Queen. 50. But the affront which grieved hermoft, was the perverfe, but moft ridiculous eppofition which they made to her Marri- age: ihe had been defired for a Wife by Anthony of Bourbon King of Navar, L cwis .Prince of Conde, Arch-duke Charles, the Duke of Bavaria, and one of the younger Sons of the King of Sweden* But Queen Elizabeth, who endeavoured to keep her lows diiTwaded her from all Alliances of rhat high (train, petfwaded her to Marry with fome Noble Perfon of England + for L i b. iv. xOc J?ifto:p of tt)c pjcsbytmans. i79 for the better eftablilhment of her Succt (ii.m in the Crow* of this Keatm} and not obfcurcly pointed to her thr Earl < f Lcit'jicr : Which being made known CO Lady Mn-ctr.-t Coimtcl's of Lenox, Daughter of Mirvirtt Queen of sets, and Grand-childe to Kmg flc*rj thcS: \\.,rh , from whom both (Queens derived their Titles to this Crown { Ihe wrought upon the Queen of Scots , by fooie Court-lnfrruimm s, ro iccept her Mldelt Son the Lord Utnry steward tor her Hmband. A Gen- tleman he was above all exception, ot comely perlonage, and ve- ry pluufible behaviour, of Englilh Birth and Education, and much about the fame age with the Queen her feff. And to this Match (he was the more ealily inclined, becaufe Ihe had been told of the King her father, that he refolved (if he had dved without any Ulueof his own) to declare the Earl of Lenox for hi> Heir Apparent, that fo the Crown might be prefcrved in the name or the Sttrrirts. But that which moll prevailed upon her, was a tear fhe had lelr the young Lord,bein£ the next Heir unto her lelf to the Crown of England, might Marry into fume Family of power and puillance in that Kingdom } by means whereof he might prevent her of her hopes in the fucceifion } ro which his being born in England , and her being an Alien and an Ene- my, might give fome advantage. Nor did it want lome place in her confideration, that the young Lord, and his Parents alfo, were of the fame Religion with her, which they had conffantly maintained, notwithftanding all temptations to the contrary in the Court of England. To fmooth the way to this great bu- finefs, the Earl defires leave of Queen Elizabeth ro repair into Scotland^ where he is gracioully received, and in full Parlia- ment reltored unto his native Country , from whence he had been banilhed two and twenty years. The young Lord follows not long after, and Hndcs luch entertainment at the hands of that Queen, that report voiced him for her Husband before he could allure himleif of his own afFeclions. This proved no very pleating news to thofe of the Congregation , who thought it more expedient to their Affairs , that the Qieen fhould not Marry at all \ or at leaff, not Marry any ether Hus- band but fuch as fhould be recommended to her bv the Queen of England, on whom their fafety did depend. In which re- gard they are refolved to oppofe this Match, though otherwife they wercaflured that it would make the Qieen grow lefs in reputation both at home and abroad, to Marry with one of her own fubje&s,ot what blood foever. 51. And now comes Knox to play his prize, who moredefircd that the Earl of Leicejlcr (as one of his own V\£l'\ m) fhould e* Ipoufe the Quccn,tuen the Earl delired it for himfclf.If Ihe will Marry at all, let her make choice of one of the true Religion, for other Husband (he (hould never have, it lie could help it. And to this end he lays about him in a Sermon preached before the Parliament , at which the Nobility and Eitafa were then A a 2 allem- 8o %ty ^ificjp of tfte ^stytKtan& l i b. i v . aflembled. And having roved fufficiently^ as hiscuftom was, at laft he tells them in plain terms (defiring them to note the day,andtake witnefsof \t)7bat rvhenfover the Nobility o/Scotland who profefs the Lordjefus^ ff)ould confcnt that an Infidel ( and all Papifts are Infidels, faith he) JJiould be head to their Sove- reign 5 thty did, fo far as in them lyes, batiifij Chriji J ef us from this Realm, yea , and bring Gods judgements upon the Country, a plague upon them j elves, and do f mall comfort te her f elf . For which being questioned by the Queen in a private conference,he did not onely (rand unto it, without the leaft qualifying or re- tracing of thoie harfh expreffions } but mult intitle them to God, as if they had been the immediate Infpirations of the ho- ly Ghoft : for in his Dialogue with the Queen, he affirmed ex- prefly, that out of the preaching-place few had occafion to be any way offended with him} butthere (that is to fay, io the Church or Pulpit) he was not Mafter of himfelf , but muft obey him that commands him to fpeak plain, and flatter no flcfh up- on the face of the Earth. This infolent carriage of the man put the Queen into paflion s infomuch9 that one of her Pages (as Knox himfelf reports the ftory) could hardly finde Hand- kerchiefs enough to dry her eyes ^ with which the proud fel- low (hewed himfelf no furthertouched, then if he had feen the like fears from any one of his own Boys on a juft cor- rection. 52. Mofr. men of moderate fpirits feemed much offended at the former pa (Tage, when they heard it from him in the Pulpit, more when they heard of the affliction it had given the Queen. But it prevailed fo far on the generality of the Congregation that prefently ir became a matter of Difpute amongft them, Whether the ^netn might chufe toherfelf an Husband, or whether it were more fitting that the Effaies of the Land fijould appoint one for her. Some fober men affirmed in earneft, that the Queen was not to be barred that liberty which was granted to the meaneft Subjeft. But the Chief-leading men of the Congre- gation had their own ends in it , for which they muft pretend the fafety of the Common- wealth. By whom it was affirmed as plainly? that in the Heir unto a Crown, the cafe was different, becaufe , faid they, fuch Heirs in afluming an Husband to themfeJves, did withal appoint a King to be over the Nation: And therefore that it was more fit, that the whole people (hould chufe n Husband to one Woman, then one Woman to elect a King to Rule over the whole people. Others that had the fame defigne,and were poflibly of the fame opinion, concerning the impofing of a Husband on her by the States of the Realm* difguiled their purpofe5by pretending another Reafon to break off this Marriage : The Queen and the young Noble-man were too near of Kindred to be conjoyned in Marriage by the Laws of the Church 5 her Father and his Mother being born of the fame Venter , as our Lawyers phrafe it. But for this blow the Queen L i b. i v. %\)i tyiftojp of tt)c #;esbptciiaus. , 8 Queen did eafily provide a Buckler, and difpatehed one of bef Minilters to the Court of lionre (or a Difpcniation. The other was not fo Well warded , bur tli.it ir fell heavy -it the Jaft, and plunged her into all thufe milenes which cnlucd upon it. 55. But not withholding thefe obftrucTions, the Match went t<6< forwards in the Court, chiefly loilicited by one Uavid KiCto born in Tiedotont s who CO 09 tog into ScotUnd in the comply of an Ambaifador from the Duke of Savoy, was (here derailed by the Queen , firft in the place of a Muiician, afterwards im- ployed in writing Letters to her Friends in hrana. By whi-.h he came to be acquainted with moft of her fecret3 , and as her Secretary for the French Tongue to have a great hand in the managing of all Forreign tranfacrions. This brought him into great envy with the Scots, proud in thcmfelvcs, and not cafic to be kept in fair terms, when they had no caufc unto the contra- ry. But the preferring of this Itranger was coniidered by thcui as a wrong to their Nation, as if not able to afford a fufficicnt man to perform that Office, to which the Educating of fo many of them in the Court of France had made them no lefs fir and able thenthis Mungrel Itali/tn. To ail this Rifio was no (f ranker, and therefore was to ca(\ about how to favc himfelf, and to preferve that Power and Reputation which he had acquired. Which to trTctff, he laboured by all means to promote the Match, that the joung Lord being obliged unto him for fo great a benefit. might ft and thefaffcr to him againft all Coiirt-faciions, whensoever they fhould rife againft him. And that it might appear to be his work oncly, Lcdington the chief Secretary is dil patched for Eng- land, partly to gain the Queens confent unto the Marriage, and partly toexcufe the Earl of Lenox and his Son, fornot return- ing tothe Court as fhe had commanded. In the mean time he carries on the bufinefs with all care and diligence, to the end th.u the Match might be madeup beforehis return. Which hafte he made for thefe two rveafon : firft, left the dillenting of that Queen, (whole influence he knew to be very great on the King- dumof Scotland) might either beat it off, or at Ieaft retard it } the fecond, that the young Lord Darnleyjor fo they called him, might have the greater obligation to him for effecting the bu- iiuefs , then if it had been done by that Queens con- ic nr. 54. To make allfurefas fureat lead ashumane Wifdom could projeft it) a Convention of the Eftatcs is called in Af.ty, and the bufinefs of the Marriage is propounded tothem. To which fome ycilded abfolutely without any condition, others upon conditi- on that Ixcligion might be kept indempnified } oncly the Lord Z'cbtltry, one who adher'd to Knox in his greateff difficulties^ mainrained the Negative, affirming openly, that he would never admit a K'ng of the Popilh ELeligioo. hucouraged by which ge- neral and free conlcot ot the chief Nobility theo prcfent , the Lvid i8 2 50)e $lfto# of ttje $it&tyttxm& l i b. i v. Loxdbarnly not long after is made Baron of Ardmonach^, created Earl of Rofs and Duke of Rothefay, titles belonging to theeldeft and the fecond Sons of the Kings of Scotland. But on the o- ther tide, fuch of the great Lords of the Congregation as were refolvedto work their own ends out of thefe prefent differences, did purpofely abfentrhemfelvesfrom that Convention, that is to fay, the Earls of Murray, Glencarne, Rothes, Arguile, &c. toge- ther with Duke Hamilton, and his dependants, whom they had drawn into the Faction : and they convened at Stirling alfo, though not until the Queen and her retinue were departed from thence 5 and there it was refolved by ail means to oppofe the Marriage, for the better avoiding of fuch dangers and in- conveniences which otherwife might enfue upon it For whofe encouragement, the Queen of England furniihed them with ten thoufand pounds, that it might ferve them for advance-money for the lifting of Souldiers, when an occafion mould be offered to embroyl that Kingdom. Nor was Knox wanting for his pate to advance the troubles, who by his popular declamations a- gainft the Match, had fo incenfed the people of Edenborongh, that they refolved to put themfelves into a poftureof War, to eled Captains to command them , and to difarm all thofe who were fufpec"red to wifh well unto it. But the Queen came upon them in fo jufl: a time, that the chief Leaders of the Fa- ction were compelled to defert the Town, and leave unto her mercy both their Goods and Families 5 to which they were re- (rored not long after by her grace and clemency. 55 A general AlTembly at the fame time was held in Eden- borough, who falfely thinking that the Queen in that conjun- cture could deny them nothing, prefented their deCues unto her: In the fir(t whereof it was demanded, that the PapiBical and blafpbemous Afafs, with all Popifh idolatry-i and the Popes jurif- di&ions', fijould be univerfally fupprefi and abolified throughout the whole Realm , not onely amongff the Subjects , but in the Queens Majetfies own Per/on and Family. In the next place it was defired , That the true Religion formerly received Jhould be profejffed by the Queen, at well as by the Subje&s * and people of all forts bound to refort upon the Sundays, at leafl to the Prayers and Preachings , as in the former times to Mafs • That fure provifion fijould be made for fomentation of the Miuiftry, as well for the time prefent, as for the time to Comes and their Li- vings ajfignedthem in the places where they ferved , or at leaji in the parts next adjacent \ and that they Jhould not be put to crave the fame at the hands of any others : That all Benefices then vacant, and fuch as had fallen void Jince March 1558, or f.wuld happen thereafter to be void, fl)ould be difpofed to perfons qualified for the Mmiflry, upon tryal and admijjion by the Su- perintendent ■> with many other demands of like weight and quality. To which the Queen returned thisanfwer : firft, That fhe Li.ii.-i v. xtjc tyftoiy of fne p:r sbptcnans. fie could not be ferfw :hjt there war tnj impiety in the Afifs : That fhe had Let ft a.' • / in tL u of i Church of Home. :■ i to be fo the Word of Gvd, anA therefore i rei her to do ,my lh; -re- rbad% nor di I intend hereafter to force any m.ms c ce9 but to leave everyone to ti. f th.it >/$ vrh: to him feemed be/i 5 which might fufftciently i to $ b lig t hir indu lg ence . .'./;;/• // teofonohle iO defraud If 'of Jiiih a conGderabfe part of the Rojal Patrimony m to put the Patronag c] esout of her onn powers the fublii \ n •■>' of the Crown being fucbt that they required .1 great fart Oj the Char, Kent/ to defray the fame: Vt notwithfta (he delared^ that the nee effi ties oj the Crown beiwg Trfifupplted care fl uld t.iJ^en for tbtfufientation of the Attn tfomai ft propotticn, to be ijfi out of toe n ■ 1 diout placet to th.ir Jevetal dwellings. For j11 th- reft, (he n coDteoted to refer her Celt to the following Parliament . to whofe determinations in the particulars deGrcdj lhe would be conformable. s >• Not doubting but this anfwer might fufrtciently comply with all expectations, (he proceeds to the Marriage, publickly folemnized id the midft of July y by the Dean of Refrain whom 1 conceive 10 be the Dean of her M 1 jetties Chappel, 11 which that (ervice was performed , and the next day the ijiide- groom was folemnly proclaimed Kingby the found of Trumpet } declared to be a floriated with her in the publick Government, and order | iven to have hi> name tiled in all Coyns andfnftru- ments. Cut neither the impoffibility of unt] t, nor the gracious anfwer lhe h,:d made to the i >ners ol the late Ailembly, could hinder the Confederate Lo ik- ing out into action. But tirft they p (as the cuftom was) to abufe the people j in which it v. asmade known to all whom it might concern , ihtt tb: i openly wronged , th: liberties thereof tppreffed, in I 1 Kin fed upon the people without the eokfont -r ? wh they pretend to be a thing not p ntrarytothe Law- ai d received Cuftoms.of the C : And thereupon dejircd all good Sulje&i to \ witter into coiu- ■ ration ^ And to fojn wit of T) bur ievv thei its , cr thought them in nr •j which give 1 1 1 > ; 1 .. er - vul much I efs abroad. A they might continue l > a pottore, the young K led to ra himfelf at Knoxes Sermon \ but r iceive 1 fuch an entertain- -at from that fiery and feditious fpirit, as he little looked tor. 184 3Ctje $ittc# of t|ie ##sbptetian& l i b. iv. for. For^ Knox, according to his cuftom, neither regarding the Kings prefence , nor fearing what might follow on his alienating from the caufe of the Kirk, fell amongft other things to fpeak of the Government of wicked Princes, who for the fins of the people were fent as Tyrants and Scourges to plague them 5 but more particularly, that people were ne- ver more fcourged by God, then by advancing boys and Women to the Regal Throne. Which if it did difpleafe the King,and give offence to many Confcientious and Religious men, can feem Arrange to none. 57. In the mean time the discontented Lords depart from Stirling more difcontented then they came, becaufe the peo- ple came not in to aid them , as they had expected. From Stirling they remove to Taifely, and from thence to Hamil- ton , the Caftle whereof they refolved to Forrifie for their prefent defence. But they were followed fo clofe by the King and Queen , and fo divided in opinion amongft them- felves, that it feemed beft to them to be gone, and try what Friends and Followers they could finde in Edenborough : but they found that place too hot for them alfo 5 the Captain of the. Cr.ftle did fo ply them with continual (hot, that it was field unfafe for them to abide there longer. From thence therefore they betook themfelves to the Town of Dumfreis^ net far from the City of Carlijle in England , into which they might eafily efcape, whatfoever happened , as in time they did. For the King leaving his old Father, the Earl of Lenox, to attend them there , march'd with his Forces into Fife, where the party of the Lords feemed moft confidera- ble i which Province they reduced to their obedience : fome cf the great Lords of it had forfook their dwellings , many were taken prifeners and put to Ranfoine , and fome of the chief Towns fined for their late difloyalty : Which done, they march to Edenborough , and from thence followed to Dumfreis. On whofe approach, the Lords, unable to defend themfelves againft their Forces , put themfelves into Carlijle, where they are courteoufiy received by the Earl of Bedford^ who was then Lord-Warden of the Marches, from thence Duke Hamilton ., the Earls of Glencarne and Rothes, the Lord TJchiltrj , theCommendator of Kilvinning^ and divers others of good note, removed not long after to Nea>-caJ2le , that they might have the eafier pafTage into France or Germany, if their occafions fo required. The Earl of Murray is difpatch- ed to the Court of England •> but there he found fo little cemfort , at the leafl: in fhew , as brought the Queen' under a fufphion amongft the Scots, either of deep diflimulation , or of great inconftancy. The news whereof did fo diftracl and divide the reft, that Duke Hamilton under-hand made his own peace with his injured Queen, and put himfelf into her power in L i b. V. %\)t $ittojp oftftc pjrsbptcrmna. \<)i in the December following. The falling off of which great perfon Co amazed the reft, that now they are refolved to fol- low all thole defperate counfcls, by which they might prefer w thcmfelves and deftroy their enemies , though to the ruinc of the rving, the Queen , and their natural Country. But what they did in the purfuunce of thofe counfcls 3 mult be rcferved for the fubjeft of another Book. The end of the fourth Boo^ B b ipl L i b. V. ¥ >&iiMk&&$$ji r^iSffe ##^#^lfNi# # ###^-##^# ^5^-- '' V i E% I V S KBVIVIVVS: O R, The Hiftory Of the PRESBYTERIANS. Li». V. Containing A further difcoqjiry of the'.r dangerous DoSirlnesj their oppofitions to Monarchical and Episcopal Government j their fecret Practices and Conspiracies to advance their Difcrpline j together with their frequent Treafons and Rebellions in the purfitanceof the fame , from the year 1^6$) till the year 1585. Mongfi: the many natural Children of King James the Fifth , none were more eminent and considerable in the courfe of thefe times, then James Pryor of St. An- drews, and John Pryor of Coldingham '-, neither of which were men in Orders, or trained up to Learning, or took any further charge upon them, then to receive the profit of their feveral places , which they enjoyed as Commendators, or Adminiftra- tors, according to the ill cuftom of fome Princes in Germany. J chn the left active of the two, but Father of a Son who created more mifchief to King James the Sixth, then James the other Brother did to the prefent Queen : For having took to Wife a Daughter of the Houfe of Hep bourn , Sifter and next Heir of James Heplourn Earl of Bothwcl (of whom more anon) he was by Lie v. jziy; tft&e#;esbptcttatt& js/ by lie r the Father of fr^mth / irurt, u ed ia tine [ lido iii on the death ot his Uockle. Brother was •> m in ot a more I difpatch of his bo finefr) cum advantage) a notable ^illcmbler ot his . and Cuch .» Milter in the- art ot in!;. work all partus to efpoufe his inteteft. His preferment altogether in Ecclefu ft ical Benefices , umol Father9 or conferred upon him bj is Sifter, on d. but r ha f all threeconjured to the m I . ri by the Kings Letter po the feyentecnth day of ]u!y-> lli i this cccafion* At what time as the Marriage was fo between irtneis then Dsulfbi* <\i I- > -- and the < //} he went thither to attend thole tr] I ;>, where he I came a Suiter to the Queen his Sifter, that fome turth ra- fter or Mark of Honour might be let upon him then t.:.-- nai of Pryor. But the: Queen having been advertifed by I o- ther Friends , that he was of an ifpiring minde, and i prill ng nature, and of a Ipirit too great tor a private Foi thought it not good to make him more coulid Tabic in the eve of the people then he was already) and fo difmilt hun ter : prelent. i. Thcfruftratinp of thefe hopes fo exceedingly vexed him(as certainly fome are ai much difquieted with the lofsof what they never had, as others with the ruineor a prefent poileffioo) that the next ) ear lie joyned himlelf to th< the Congregation, took Knox into his moft immediate and particular care , and went along with him hand in liand in defacing the Church.s of St. Awdr*WSt Stirling;, Litbgorv^ Edcnborou gb% and inde I hat not } And tor lo dom^, he received twolhtrpand chiding Let- ters from the King and Queen 3 upbraiding him with former Benefits received trom each, and threatning fevere punilh- mcrjt, if he returned net immediately to his due obedience. Which notw ithir%r.ding , he continues in his former courfes, applies himfclf unto the Queen and Council of England, and lays the plot for driving the French Forces out ot .y< /- lind: Which done, he caufed the Parliament of 1560 to be held at /•' lenboruugh, procures fome A^ts to pafs 'fof bimlhing t, e :•'• DOS Supremacie, repealed all former Statutes which were made in mamtainance of that iveligi- n, and ratifies the Confel- fion ot the Kirk of Scoilind in Inch form and manner as ic IS afterwards confirmed in rhe fitft Parliament of \\\ > nt the Sixth. Upon the death ot > rancii the young F rench King, es over again. And after fome £oodolemei im I the Qi>cen , intimates b th t< and 1 Houfeoi Umjcy how illth le nature of the scots would fort with on i had been ufed to rhe compli- ances and affabilities of the Court ot tr.tn.c \ idvifeth thir. me principal perfoq of the r\ea)m of acoil.it. I 1 1 be lib 2 nai -1 ip6 %fy ^ific;p of ttje $jesbptenan& Lib.V. named for Regent '•> and in a manner recommends himfelf to them as the fitteft man. But the worft was 5 that his Mother had been heard to brag amongft feme of her Goflips, that her Son was the lawful KFue of King James the Fifth 5 to whofe defires (lie had never yeilded, but on promife of Marricge. This was enough to crofs him in his prefent aims, and not to trufr. him with a power by which he might be able to effect his purpofeSj if he had any fuefcuafpirings. And fo he was dif- mifi again, without further honour then the carrying back of a CommiiTion to fome Lords in Scotland , by which they were impowered to manage the affairs of that Kingdom till the Qaeens return. 3. This fecond difappointment adds more Fewcl to the former flame, and he refolves to give the Queen as little com- fort of that Crown, as if it were a Crown of Thorns, as indeed it proved. For taking England in his way, he applies himfclf to fome of the Lords of the Council , to whom he reprefenrs the dangers which muft needs enfue to Queen Elizabeth , if Mary his own Queen were fuffered to return into her Country, and thereby lay all pafTages open to the powers of France^ where fhe had dill a very ftrong. and prevailing party. But when he found that file had fortunately efcaped the Ships of England^ that the Subjecls from all parts had went away extremely fa- tisrled with her gratious carriage, he refolved to make one in the Hofanna, as afterwards he was the Chief in the Crttcifige-^ he applies himfelf unto the Queens humour with all art and in- duftry, and really performed to her many fignal fervices, in gratifying her with the free exercife of her own Religion 5 in which, by reafon of his great Authority with the Congregation, he was belt able to oblige both her felf and her fervants. By this means he became fo great in the eyes cf the Court, that the Queen (eemed to be governed wholly by him .-and that he might continue always in fo good a pofture 3 (he firfi: conferred upon him the Earldom of Murray^ and after marrietl him to a Daugh- ter of Keith, Earl-Marihal of Scotland. Being thus honoured and allyed, his next care was to remove all impediments which he found in the way to his afpiring. The Ancient and Potent Family of the Gourdons he fuppreifed and ruined, though af- ter it reflourifhed in its ancient glory : But his main bufmefs was to opprefs the Hamiltens, as the next Heirs unto the Crown in the common opinion 5 the Chief whereof (whom the French King had created Duke of Chafieau-Heralds'+TownmToiQou) he had fo difcountenanced , that he was forced to leave the Court, and fuffer his eldeft Son the Earl of /irrane to be kept in prifon, under pretence cf fome diftemper in his brain. When any great Prince fought the Qi'.ecn in Marriage, he ufed to tell her, that the Scots would never brook the power of a (han- ger j and that whenfoever that Crown had fallen into the hand? t>f a Daughter , as it did to hera a Husband was chofen for her Li b. Y. 3CtK ^ittotf of tijc J&jcsbpfctians. I retcs of the Kingdom, of their own I I Parentage. But when this would nui feiv< i to \>r he M the young Lord DmrjtUj, u r forward then himfelf to promote that i which he perceived he could nut hinder : Beildt , h< bat the Gentleman was very ycuog, of no ;;r t a r iofight iobufineis, mainly addicted to his pleafures, and utterly unexperi in the aifiits of that Kingdom) To rhn he need Dot feat the Weakning of his powei by fuch a King, who defircd not to >>ii him. And in this point he • II en ugh with I i /,{V';5 though on different ends, i when he I Queen (o pafli matery affe&ed to th Husband) that all< i indCoutt-favours were to • by tad net the Qjeens ear fo advantagioufb rrchc!!' \\u\A I hit (lie hi d revoked fame (j rants whi< ! made r > him and others, during her minority) at a gain ft I Law 5 he rh . edient to t h .:• «.i bii own concernments, to peece himfeU more nearly with . iris of P.iorton, GltWt*Tttet Argutle and Helves, the Lords Air i Z\biltrj, (>(•. whom be knew to be zealoudy 1 to the Reformation^ and no way plea fed with the Qjeens M.ni to a period of the other t\e(igioa. by whom it was refolve that Aiort on and Rut hen Ihould remain in the Court , as well to give as to receive intelligence of all proceedings : The oth were to take up Anns, and to raile the people, under pretence of the Queens Marriage to a nun ot the Fopilh Religion, not taking with her the coofent or the Qjeen of EngUnd. l> being too weak to keep the Field , thc-y licit put them/elves into Ctrhjl^ and afterwards inro Ncrvc.iftle , as before v, Paid 5 and being in this manner tied the Kingdom, they areall } r claimed Tray tori to the Qieen } a peremptory day appoint- ed to a publics Tryal j on which if they appeared nor .it r Bar of Juftice, they were to undergo the fentencc of a con- moation. 4 And now their Agents in the Court begin to bufrle : the King Was fooo perceived to be a meet outlide-man3 of no deep h i Ito Ail Mrs, and ealily wrought on '■> which fir A induced the Queen t>> fct the left value on htm } nor was ic long before fomeof their Court Females wbifpered into her ears, that llie wa, much in I by him-, that he ipent more of hi time ii Hawking and Hunting; and perhaps in more unfit divertiic- ments (it Knox I him rightly) then he did in her compa« 5 and therefore that it w( aid be requifite to lure himin.be- ■'• he wai i rh on t ie Wing, mu\ I hef call. O.i , (be gave to her Secretaries, .ind other o place h • nam I in all | id id fucb Co] renew fo leave it out. Th would hai . fd : I or h kEarl M 'ten i lofetb h the Ivi: e W ui.to htm h it was that he 15^5. ipo 5Lt)e ^ifte^ of tl)t $#sbptenan& Lib. V, fhould'be fubieft to his Wife $ that it was the duty of women to obey, and of men to govern^ and therefore that he might do well to fat the Crown en his own head, and take that pow- er into his hands which belonged unto hi.-n. When they per- ceived that his ears Jay open to the like temptations^ they then began to buz into them , that Rijio was grown too powerful for him in the Court, that he out-vied him in the bravery both of Clothes and Horfes , and that this could proceed from no o- ther ground then the Queens affe&ion, which was fufpectcd by wife men to be fomewhat greater then might fraud with honour. And now the day draws on apace, on which Earl Murray and the refr were to make their appearance j and there- fore fomewhac mud be done to put the Court into fuch confu- fion3 acd the City of Edenborough \iito fuch difotder, that they might all appear without fear or danger of any legal profe- curiun to be made againfr him. The day designed for their ap- pearance,was the twelfth day of March? and on the day before, lay feme., (or third day before, as others ) the Confpirators go unto the King , feemed to accufe him of delay, tell him that now or never was the time to revenge his injuries , for that he mould now finde the fellow in the Queens private Chamber, wirhcut any force to make refinance. So in they rufii , finde David fitting at the Queens Table, the Countefs of ArguiU one- Jy between them. Ruthen commands him to arife, and to go with him 9 telling him that the place in which he fate did no way befeem him. The poor fellow runs unto the Queen for protection , and clafps his arms about her middle 5 which the King forcibly unfaftneth, and puts him to the power of his mor- tal enemies, by whom he was dragged down the Stairs, and flab bed in fo many places (fifty three, faith [<»tfx)that his whole body feemed to be like a piece of Cut- work. W hich barbarous Murther Knox proclaims for an ac~f of juftice, calls it a jitfi pu~ nifment on that Tultron and vile Knave David, for abnfing the Common wealth, and his other villanies 5 and heavily complains, rhat the chief Atfort in the fame ( which he extols for a juji 4C?, and moft worthy of all praife^ p. C)6.j were fo unworthily left by the reji of their brethren , and forced to fnjfer the bitternefs of exile and bamfwient. 5. The Queen was then grown great with Childe, and being aftrighteO at the fuddennefs of this execution, and the fear of fome treafonabie attempt againfr her perfon , was in no fmall danger of milcarry ing, The Court was full of Tumult, and the noife thereof fo alarmed the Town, rhat the people flock- ed thither in great multitudes to know the matter \ to whom the King fignihed out of a Window , that the Qyetn was fa/ej which fomewhat appeafed them for the prefent ; But notwith- standing, both the Court and City were in fuch di(hacV!on$ that when 1 he Earl of Murray and the reft of the Confederates tendred theirappcarance, and offered themftlvts unto thetrval of 1 1 b. iv. %i)t tyiitap of tt;c pjesbptenai . . of the Law, there w.is no in: Mir.'.:.:n linft them , I any one fufficiently in i tor j::ie ; n. v. ing obferved, they add red ihemU' t,bcPai I there t..ke inftruo to tefl ifie • . reread) to anfwer whatfoe vei C< • C char,. ,i. ; but none there to profeCUtC. And here the Stenc b.- • change: JMbr/0* and JUffJWfr,and 1 ■ t of the e- t.'ke tftrmfelvei to Ntm ejftl«%as ihe < a t c ft Saoutly iia 0 that -. lull committed, 1 1 at fo his confidence 11 i ;ht in ti ■ took for innocencne. A lefton which the reft of the Confederate bad took out long iJu^c, and were now upon the point to practice it upon hhnfelf. 's piece of oftentation ana impertinencie s the King gained nothing 00 the people, and loir himfelf exceedingly amengft the \ for as none of the common fort did beli him to be the more eni or the wicked murther, becaufehc wa(bed hands of it in the fight ot the multitude) fo the it men which had the guulin ion, difdained him rcak and in t to be trufted i-i affairs of lus own concernment : n heedifii better Witl 1 -n, e d:d with the S U $ wh iw fo far frotri I H anv hearty r . iation to be ma 1 them, tha t IVOUr unto J.ltrr i ■ ;J] 1 the negle&cd an 1 forfa . n P that be • 1 fend Mun-jy after Krjia i withwhi linrxd, in hoj ii in ex- cellent fervk the ta:r, »*5 %$z ^iOo# of ti)e #;tesbi>tetian& L i b. V. Murray of it 5 knowing full well, that which foever of the two mifcarried in it, (he mould either loofe an hated Friend , or a dangerous Enemy. Murray communicates the Affair with M^r- ten, and the reft of his Friends. By whom it is agreed, that they fhould take into their Friendfhi.p the Earle of Bothwel , a man of an audacious fpirir, apt for any mifchief 5 but otherwife of approved valour, and of a known fidelity to the Queen in her greateft dangers. He had before fomequarrels with the Earl of Murray , of whofe defigns he was not diftruftful without caufe •-, and therefore laboured both by force and practice, ei- ther to make him lefs or nothing. But Murray was too hard for him at the weapon of Wit, and was fo much too powerful for .him, both in Court and Confiftory , that he was forced to quit the Kingdom, and retire to France. Returning at fuch time as Murray and the reft of the Confederates were compelled to take fanctuary at New-tattle, he grew into great favour with the Queen , whofe difcontents againft the King he knew how to nourifh 5 which made his friendfhip the more acceptable, and his affiftance the more ufetul in the following Trage- dy. Thus tiered and Pilate are made friends , and the poor King muft fall a peace offering fot their Redintegra- tion. 7. But firft they would expect the iffue of the Queens deli- very , by the fuccefs whereof, the principal confpiritors were refolved to fteer their courfe. On the 19 day of July, fhe is delivered of a Son in the Caftle of Edsnboreugh, to the general joy of all the Kingdom, and the particular comfort of the chief Governours of Affairs for the Congregation. There was no more ufe now of a King or Queen , when God had given them a young Prince to fit upon the Throne of his Fathers 5 in whofe minority they might put themfelves into fuch a pofture, that he fhould never be able to act much againft them when he came to age. And now they deal with Bothwel more effectu- ally then before they did, incourage him to remove the King by fome means or ether, to feparate himfelf from his own Wife, (a Daughter of the Houfe of Huntley} and Efpoufe the Queen. Let him but act the firft part, as molt proper for him , and they would eafily finde a way to bring on the reft. For the per- formance whereof, and to Itand to him in it againft all the world , they bound themfelves feverally and joyntly under Hand and Seal. In which moft wicked practice they had all thefe ends : firft, the difpatching of the King } next, the con- founding of Bothwel^ whom they feared and hated 5 thirdly, the weakning of the Queen both in power and credit, and confe- quently the drawing of all Affairs to their own difpofing. Both' wkI in order to the plot makes ufe of Ledington to prompt the Quet:n to a Divorce , which he conceived might eafily be effected in the Court of Rome ••> and is himfelf as diligent up- ca all occafions to work upon the Queens difpleafures, and make L i b. v. 3Zi)t tyiftojp of tl)c prtsUpttnans. i , ni.ike rhc breach wider betwixt Iut and fur rlusturid. The grcatnefi »f which breacn was before To vifible, that nothing it more commonly known , nor generally comply ined of .1- monglf the people: Butnevei was ic made fo eminently noto- rious in the eye of S rangers, ii at the Chrifteninjc <>f the young Prince in December following. At which rime (be would nei- ther fuller the Ambafiadors or ir.tncc or Gmgismd to give him a vilir, nor permit him to (hew him felt amoogft them at the Chriftening Banquet, From Stielimg , where the Prince v,ms Chrilrcned , he departs for Clafco^ to hnde foine Comfort tio-.n his Father. 1 o which place he was brought nor Without much difficulty : for falling lick upon the way, it appeared plain by fome fymprosns that he had been poyfoned , the terrib effects whereof he felt in all the pins of his- body with un- fpeakable torments : But (trength of Nature, Youth and Phy- fick did fo work together, mar he began r 1 be in a g > > 1 way of recovery, to the great grier or thole who had laid the plotJ Some other way mud now be taken to effect the bulinefs, and Done more expedient then to perfwade the Qjeen to fee him, to flitter him with lorn.- hopes of her former favour, and brin^ him back with her to Udeniorough ; which was done accordtn ly. At fJertiorou^b he was lo gcd at a private houfe, on the ourfide of the Town, (an houfe unfecmly for a King, as Knox confelTeth) and therefore the fitter for their purpofe: where, orj the 9 of February at night, the poor Prince was ftrangled, hi? dead body laid in an Orchard near adjoyning, with one of his Servants lying by it5whom they alfo murthered ; and the houfe moff ridiculoufly blown up with powder, as if that blow could have been given without mangling and breaking the two bodies in a thou fa nd pieces. 8t. The infamy of this horrid murther is generally caff upon thfl Qjieen, by the arts of thofe whom it concerned to make her odious with all honeft men } nor did there want fome ffrong pre- fumptions which might induce them to believe that ihe was of the counfel in the t arton affirmed the lame at his execu- tion above twelve \ears atter, relating tbatwbefl Bathwel dealt with him about the murther, and that he Chewed hitnfelt un- willing toconfent unto it without the Q_ eens Warrant and AKowance 5 Eotun-cl made anl\ver,rhat they umlt not give them- C c ielves 1 94 3Cl)e 3£tGc£ptrf ti)e $it$tytttian& l i b. v. felves any hope of that , but that the bufinefs muft be done without her privity. But that which feems to make moft for her juftification, was the conieflion of Hepbourne, Daglifj, and o- thers of Bothwels fervants , who were condemned tor murderiag the young King •-, and being brought unto the Gallows, they protefted before God and his holy Angeis , that Bothwel had never told them of any other Authors of fo lewd a counfel , but onely the two Earls of Morton and Murray . In the mean time the common infamy prevailed , and none is made more guilty of it then this wretched Queen, Who had been drawn to give confent to her marriage with Botbwel, by the follicitation and advice of Thofe very men, who afterwards condemned her for it. In order to whofe ends, Buchanan publifhes a moft 3*67, pefhlent and malicious Libel, which he called, T he defeSion 9 wherein he publickly traduced her for living an adulterous life with David Rifo, and afterward with Bothvcel himfelf 5 that to precipitate her unlawful marriage with him, fhe had contrived the death of the Ring her husband, projected a Divorce be- tween Bothvel and his former Wife, contrary to the Laws both of God and Man . Which Libel being printed and difperfed a- broad, obtained fo much credit with moft forts of people, that few madequeftionof the truth of the accufations. Moft true it is, that Buchanan is reported by King "James himfelf to have confeiled with great grief at the time of his death, how fajfly and injurioufly he had dealt with her in that fcandalous Pam- phlet : but this confcflion came too late, and was known to few , and therefore proved too weak a remedy for the former snifchief. o. He publi(hed at the fame time alfo that fedirious Pam- phlet, which he entituled, De jure Regni apud Scotos. In which he laboured to make proof , that the Suprtme power of the Scoitrjj) Nation was in the body of the people, no otherwife in the King but by delegation} and therefore that it was in the peoples power, not onely to control and cenfure , but alfo to depofe and condemn their Kings, if they found them faulty. The man was learned for his time, but a better Poet then Hifto- nan, and yet a better Hiftorian then he was a States-man. For being of the Genevian Leven, he fitted all his State-maximes unto Calvins Principles, and may be thought in many points to out-go his Mafrer. Now in this Pamphlet we may finde thefe Aphorifms laid down for undoubted truths, which no true Scot muft dare to queftion, unleis he would be thought to be- trary his Country 5 that is to fay, that the people is better then, the King, and of greater Authority : That the people have right to bejlow the Crovpn at their pleafure ; That the making of the Laves doth belong to the people , and Kings are but M afters of the Rolls: That they have the fame power over the King, that the King hath over any one man : That it were good that rewards 8>ere appointed by the people for fuch as Jfjould kjll Tyrants, as commonly i/i i. V. £t)e i)ift02p of rijr |&jrsbpttw«i . /'\/v A for tbofe ih.it have k^ilUd either Wblvet or r, tr, , ,■ have I : * their // hips : '1 hat the prop/- >: , ■ ■ 'j tr //./;.,, E that I he Jiiimijtert m n tbdi • /> by /• n ~ > ■ n:o HeBt is fit It thereby mm* I >nhj to live on earth* i . AMclili.tr he might make fill k <>f it. he rakes ni » reply upon all Objections, which fobcr and r men had found <»wt r<> the contrary. For wl i r J * * c i . ■ I » j c ». r e_ d. //.ur tuftom wot it- i fuchdealimgwnh Prini That I I obedience to Nebuchadnezzar: TA.ii C7/-.. I .',- i"t< l'. metimet for funijhmettl of hit pe >p'le : Th.tt the j Vf tic lit mot JO with any of their Princes \ an / thti wis no ex I in Scripture, to :htt fmbjeOi may i .■ tr Govern wrtt oil h there pretem led : [*o all • he returns his particular anfwers s and in this fori he aofwer i i to r hem, that 1s to fay, That there it nothing moore ddngeront to followed the* 4 w: Tbtt the exdmple ir but jit. gul-iri aid conclndctb nothing: Th.tt M God placed Tyrants to funijh the people, fo he appoints private men t) Itill them t Trjit the Kings of the Jews were, not ele&ed by the people, an. I there* fore might not deal with then*, m tiny wight in Scotland , where1 Kin^s depend wholly on the peoples Flexion: And finally , thit there were fun dry go >d and wholefomt L twi in divers Conwtrietl of which there if no example in holy Scripture. AnJ whereat • others had objected, Thit by St. Pauls Do&rime we areboandto pray for Kings in I Princes : The Argument \i evaded by this handfome Olift, Thit we a^e bound to pray for -thofe whom nv ought to pitni/h. But rhefc are onely velitations, certain pre- paratory skirmifhes to the ^rand encounter j ths main battaii lollowcth. For finally, the principal objection is, Thit 9t. Paul bttb commanded every foul to be Jubje% to the hither Powers > and th.tt St. Peter hilh required us to Jubmit our f el vet to ••- very Ordim wee «f man, whether it be unto th: Kin% as to the Sn~ ireme, or untofuch.it hi in Authority by and under htm. An i hereunto they frame their Anf.ver in fuch a manner, as ifrhey kmw Gods mimic better then the Apoftles did , or that of the Apultles better then they did rhemfelves. II. The aniuer is. that the Apoftles writ this in the Churches infancy, when there were not main Chfiftians, few of them rich and of ability to make refiftance : As if (laid he) a man jlould write to fuch Chriji/ans as .ire unler the Turk, in j'nbjiance foor, in courdge feeble, m ftretlgtb unarmed, m num r few9dnd generally fmbjed unto .».'/ ,( • r injuries s wjuLI h- n>t wit* dt the Apojtles did . ir/j* did refpeS the men they writ to , their words mot bei* \ to be extended to the body or peopl- of thi •union weoltb. for imdgime (faith he) thit either of the Apo- ftles were mow olive t end livid where both the King* tnd jgoplc i frefef* Cbriflianity^ and th.it there were f mob Kings as would ■•e iheir wills to ft end for lawsi as cared neither for Cod n. t Cc 3 Mum 1 9 <$ %t)c ^ific:? of tlje $ws£>ptettan& l i b. v. fal^ Man'->ar befiowed the Churches Revenues uponjeflers and Rafcals, and fuck as gibed at thofe who did profefs the more fincere Reli' gton -, what would they write of fuch to the Church? Surely ex- cept they would dijfent from themfelves^ they would f ay , That they accounted no fuch for Magiftrates j they would forbid all men from fpeahjng unto them, and from peeping their company } they would leave them to their fubje&s to be punijhed 5 nor would thy blame them if they accounted not fuch men for their Kings > with whom they could have no fociety by the Laws of God. So excellent a proficient did this man fbew himfelf in the Schools of Calvin^ that he might worthily have challenged the place of Di- vinity-Reader in Geneva it ML 1 2. To put thefe Principles into practice^ Bond is made at Stir* ling by fome of the chief Lordsof the Congregation , pretended for the prefervation of the Infant-Prince $ but aiming alfo at the puniuhmentof Botkwel^vA the reft of the Murtherers. The firft that entred into this Combination, were the EarJs of Athol% Ar guile , Morton^Marre and Glencame3w'nh the Lords Lindfayand Bojd$ to which were added not long after, the Lords Hume and Ru- //*?«, (this Ruthen being the Son'of him whohada&ed intheMur- ther of David Rifto') together with the Lairds of Drumlanrig^ Tulibardin 9 S^tfourd and Grange, men of great power and in- fluence on their feveraJ Countries 5 befides many others of good note. The Earl Murray having laid the plot, obtained the Queens leave to retire into France till the times were quieter, committing to the Queen the Government of his whole Eftate 5 that fo if his de/igne mifcarried, as it poffibly might, he might come off without the leaft hazard of eftate or honour. Of this confpiracie the Queen receives advertifement , and prefently prepares for Arms, under pretence of rectifying fome abufes a- bout the Borders. The Confederates were not much be- hind 3 and having got together a ccnfiderable power, made an attempt on Borthxvit\ Caftle, where the Queen and Bothwel then remained. But not being ftrong enough to carry the place at the firft attempt, Bothwel efcaped unto Dunbar , whom the Queen followed fhortly alter in mans apparel. Miffing their prey, the Confederates march toward Edenborough with their little army, and make themfelves Mafters of the Town, But underftand- ing that the Queens Forces were upon their march , they betook themfelves unto the field, gained the advantage of the ground, and thereby gave her fuch a diffidence of her good fucccfs,thac having entertained them with a long parley , till Bothwel was gone off in fafety5 (he put her felf into their hands without If r iking a blow. 13. With this great prey the Confederates returned to Eden* borough in the middle of June -, and the next day order her to be lent as Prifoner to Lochlevin-houCe^ under the conduct of the Lords Ruthen and Lindfay, by whom (he was delivered in a very plain and forry attire to the cuftody oi Murray 's Mother, who domineered Lib. V. .;; i)ifto2?c£ tip p?efitopttrian& i97 domineered over the unfortunate Lady with c nten)| ;h« 'i he next day afrer her commitment , the Earlol Gle*< r,*e pallet!] ro the Chappel in Hi i houfc, where I *li all the VertmcntSj breaks down the A It ir , and deftroys the 1- For which though he was highly magi ified c, and the reft oi the Preachers) yet many or the chief I i de- rates were offended at ir -, as being done without theii • ..r , when a great ft orm athering towards them, by the con* junction of fomc other of the princip.il Lotds on the Queens be« halt. To reconcile this part v" to them, and pie vent the Rupture, Km ox with fome other of their Preachers are difpatcbed away with Letters oi Credence, and inftru&ionsforattoning thedifl rence. But they effeded nothing to the benefit of them that lent them , and not much neither to their i.wn , though tiicy had fome concernments of klt-interc-fr betides the public k,U hie Q they mule tender or to their confiderations. A general Ai fembly at the fame time was held in Edemborpmgb , with which upon the coming back, of thele Commiflioners, it was thought neccilary to ingratiate themfelves by all means imaginable. An I thereupon it was agreed, that the Acts of Parliament made in the year 1 5 Jo, for the fupprefling oi Popery, (h mid be confirm- ed in the next Parliament then t tllpwing) that the afli 'nation of the Shires for the Mintfters maintaioance, Ihould be duly put in execution, till the whole Patrimony of the Church might be in- vefted in them in due form of Law } which was condiuoned ro be done (if it could not be done looner) in that Parliament alio. Some other points of huge concernment tothe Church were then alfo moved j but they ucreonely promiled, without any per- formance. It was alfo then agreed between them,that all Noble- men,Barons, and other Prorcliors ihould imploy their whole Forces, Strength and Power, for the punithmenr of all and what - foeyer perfons that fhould be tryed and found guilty of tha: horrible Mnrthcr of late committed on the Ring: And further, that all the Kings and Princes which Ihould fucceed in following times to theCrown or t ha t Realm, Ihould be bound by Oatn before their Inauguration, to maintain the true Religion ofChrifr, profelled then prelently in that Kingdom. Thus the C ml derates and the Kirk are united together , and hard it is to lay, whether or the two were leaff executable before God and man. But they followed the light of their own principle and thought that an excufe futiicient , without fear of ei- ther. 14. The news of thefe proceedings alarms all Chrifreridom, and prefently Ambailulors are dilpatched from irjncc and rn^in: I to mediate with the Confederates (they mull not be called Rebels) for the Queers Delivery, ibttgmcrton for t Queen of Emgldmd pretleth hard upon it, and Ihewcd him'V.r exceeding earneft and ioduftrious in purfuance of it. L>ut Knox and fclf-interclr prevailed more auiongft them, then all inter- ccflioi 198 %$z #i{lo^? of tije 0#aS>#crtatt& L i b. v. ceflions whatsoever, there being nothing more indited upon by that fiery fpirit ,.then that fhe was to be deprived of her Au- thority and Life together. And this he thnndred from the Pol- pit with as great a confidence, as if he had received his Doclrine at Mount Sinai from the hands of God, at the giving of the Lawto Mofcs. Nor was 1-hrogmorlon thought to be fo Zealous on the other fide, as he outwardly feemed.For he well knew how much it might concern his Queen in her perional fafefy, and the whole Realm of England in its peace and happineis, that the poor Queen fhould becontinued in the fame (or a wor(e) condi- tion, to which thefe wretched men had brought her. And there- fore it was much fufpecled by moft knowing men, thatfecretly he did more thiuff on her deprivation with one hand, then he leemed to hinder it with both. Wherewith incouraged, or o- therwife being too far gone to retire with fafety, Lindfay and lint hen ate difpatcheato Lochlevin-houfe , to move her for a rejignaiioxi of the Crown to her Infant-Son. Which when fne would by no means yeildto, a Letter is fent to her from Throg- morton to peri wade her to it, alluring her, that whatfoever was done by her under that conftraint, would be void in Law. This fir ft began to work her to that refolurion. But nothing mote prevailed upon her , then the rough carriage of the two Lords which fiift made the motion. By whom Hie was threatned in plain terms, that if (lie did not forthwith yeild unto the defires of her jprople , they would quefticn her for incontinent living, the murther of the King, her tyranny, and the manifeft violati- on of the Laws of the Land, in fome fecret tranfaclions with the French. Terrified wherewith, without fo much as reading what they offered to her, (Tie fets her hand to three feveral Inftru- iherjtsj In the firft: ot which, fhe gave over the Kingdomto her young Son, at trut time little more then a twelve Month old ^ in the fecond, file conftkuted Murray Vice- Roy during his minority , and in the third, in cafe that Murray fhouid refufeir, fhe lubititrites Duke Hamilton, the Earls of Lenox, Arguile, A- thol, Morton, Glencarne and Marred all but the two firft being fworn Servants unto Murray, and the two firft made ufc of one- Jy to difcharge the matter* 15. Thus furnifhed and impowered, the Lords return in tri- umph to their fellows at Edtnborcugh , with the found of a Trumpet } and prefently it was refolved to Crown the Infart- King with as much fpeed asmight be, for fear of all fuch altera- tions as might otheiwife happen. And thereunto they fputred < n with fuch precipitation, that whereas they extorted thofe fubferiptipns frc m her on St. James day, being the 25 of July, iht Coronation was difpatched on the 29. The Sermon, for the greater grace of the matter, muft be preached by Knox ■> but the (uperftitious part and ceremony ot it was left tobe perform- ed by the Bifhop of orl\nay , another of the natural Sons of James the Fifth a afhfted by two Superintendents of the Con- gregation, Lie v. ZDri>ifto:?of tlje j&jesbpfcnans. ion. And th.it all rnin ne is neat .1 - mi n be u> the Ancient [' brms, the Earl o fton and the Lord - • tdok Oath for the King, that he fh.mld maintain the Religion which was then received, and miniftcr Juftice equally to all i Subjects. Of" which particular tfii I j made afterwards ad efpecial ufc, in justifying the ufc of dod-fathers and G »d m •- thers at the Baptizing Of Infants, w':cn it Wi d in the Conference at Hampton court. Scarce liftee i p of Orient} was convented and depofed from his Function, for joyning the Queen in Mar- riage to the Earl of Bothtrel, though he proceeded by the Form of their own deviling. And by the fame the Gountefi of Ar- guile was ordained (after citation on rhcir part , and appearance en hers) to give fatisfaction to thcK.uk, for being prefent at the Baptifm of the Intant-Ivin^;, bjcaufe performed according to the fvitcs of the Church ot Home : the fatisfactii n to be made in Stirling where (he had oli ended, upon ^ Sunday alter Sermon ; the more particular time and manner ot it. to be pre- fcribed by the Superintendent of Icthtan. And this was pret- ty handlome for the firfr beginning, accotding whercunto it was thought fit by the Chief Leaders to run 00 till they came to the end of the f\ace 5 ot which in general K.im: james hath given us this defcription in a Declaration ot his publifhed nor long after the furpriling of his perfon by the Earl of dowry 15^2, wlu we finde it thus : The Bilhops having imhraced the Gofpd, il was at fi r ft: agreed even bv the Brethren , with the content 1 I ]\ egentj 20O %\yz Mftmv of tt)e ^e£bptet!an& L i b. V. a Ne un~ G'itm >i;itm ■pcjlcm (id- tnhtant , q»*mvis U' tfiitatis rctt- rend<£ j) ecie blabduittir-) £p.79- 1568. Regent, that the Bifijops cfiatc foould be maintained and autho- rized. This endurea for fundry yeats 5 but then there was no remedy, the Calling it felf of Bifbopt was at leaft become Anti- christian , and down they muft of neceffity: whereupon they commanded the Eijhops ( by their own Authority^ to leave their offices and Jurifdittton. They decreed in their Alfemblies, That hi ft. ops JJjould have no vote in Parliament '-> and that done, they de fired of the Ring that fucli Com mi (lionets as they (hould fend to the Parliament and Council , might from thenceforth be au- thorized in the Bifiops places for the Efiate. They alfodire8~ cd their Commijjioners to the Kings Majejly , commanding him and the Council, under pain of the Cenlures 01 the Church (Ex- communication they meant) to appoint no Bifiops in time to come, becaufe they ("the BrethrenJ had concluded that State to be unlaw-fuL And that it might appearto thofe of the fuffering party, that they had not acled all thefe things without better Authority then what they had given unto themfelves 5 they difpatched their Letters unto Beza, who had fucceeded at Cc neva in the Chair of Calvin 5 from whence they were encou- raged and perlwaded to go on in that courfe , and a never re- admit that plague (he sneans thereby the Bifhops) to have place in that Church, although it might flatter them with a ihew of retaining unity* 17. But all this was not done at once,though laid here together^ to (hew.how anfwerable their proceedings were to their firft be- ginnings. To cool which heats, and put feme Water in their Wine, the Queen by practicing on her Reepers efcapes the Pri- fons and puts her felf into Hamilton Caftle -5 to which notonely the dependants of that powerful Family, but many great Lords^ and divers others, did with great cheertulnefs repair unto her with their feveral followers. Earl Murray waaat Stirling when this news came to him, and it concerned him to beftir himfelf with all celerity, before the Queens power was grown too great to bedifputed. He therefore calls together fuch of his Friends and their adherents as were near uutohim, and with them gives bat- tail to the Qaeen, who in this little time had got together afmali Army of four thoufand men. The honour of the day attends the PLegent, who with the lofs of one man onely bought an eafie Victory 5 which might have proved more bloudy to the con- quered Army , (for they loft but three hundred in the fight) it he had not commanded back his Souldiers from the execution. The Queen was placed upon a Hill to behold the battail. But when foe fa w the lfiue of it,fbe ported with all fpeedto the Pore of Kerbrigbt, took Ship for England , and landed moll: unfor- tunately (as it after proved ) at Wickjngton in the County of Cumberland. From thence fhe difpatched her Letters to Queen Elizabeth, full of Complaints, and pafiionate bewailings of her wretched fottune^deilres admittanceto her prcfence,and that fhe might be taken into her protection j fending withal a Fving which that i . ... v. Xl)f tyiftojp of tt)e pjcsbptrrians, ao i that Queen bad given her, to be an cverlaftiog token of that love and amity which was to be maintained between them. But flic foon found how miferably (he had deceived her (elf in her Ex- !• at ions. Murray was grown too ftrong for her in the Court of EmgUmdh and others which regarded little what became of him | were glad of her misfortunes in relation to their own fe- curity ) which could not better be confulted, then by keeping a good Guard upon her , now they had her there. And lo in ftcad of feuding for her. to the Court, thcQuecn gives order by Sir brands UnolJh (whom lhe Tent of purpofc) ro remove the ililrrUled Lady to Csrl/Jle, as the fafer place, until the equity of hcrcaufc might be fully known. She hath now took potfeflion of the Realm which Hie had laid claim to, but (hall pay dearly for the purchafe ■-, the Crown whereof (hall come at lart to he: Poftctirjf , though it did not fall upon her pcrfon. id. Now that the equity of her caufe might be underffood, the Regent is required by Letters from the Court of England to defift trom any further profecution of the vanquished party, till that C^ieenwere perfectly informed in all particulars touch- ing thefc Affairs. Which notwtthftandiug, he thought fit to ke ule ot his Fortune, fummoned a Parliament, in which fome few or each fort, noble and ignoble, were profcribed for the prefent j bytheterrour whereof many of the reft fubmitred, and thev which would not were reduced by force of Arms. £- lizabeih not well pleafed with thele proceedings, requires that l< me Commiffioneri might be lent from Scotland to render an account to her3or to her Commi(lioners,of the fevcrity and hard deulmg which they had ihewed unto their Queen. And here- unto he was necefTitated to conform, as thecaferhen Irood : The French being totally made agaii ft him, the Spaniard/ more difplealed then they, and no help en be had from any, bur the Englifh onely . At Tork^ Commiilioners attend from each part in the end of September. From (^ieen Elizabeth, Thomas Duke of Norfolk ihomas Earl of Snjjex , and Sir Ralph Sadlicr Chan- cellor of the Dutchy of Lancajier. For the unfortunate Qjcen of Scots, John LeJJj Biftlop of Kofs, the Lords L cvm^ton , hojd, &c. And for the Infant-King, befides the Regent himielf, there appeared the Earl of Morton, the Lord Lindfay, and certain o- thers. After fuch prottftations made on both (ides as Teemed expedient for preferring the Authority of the feveral Crown*» an Oath is took by the Commiflioners to proceed in the bulinels according to the Rules of Juftice and Equity. The Commiilio- ners from the Infant-King prefent a Declaration of their pr- - ceediugs in the former troubles ; to which an anlwir is returned by thole of the other fide. Elizabeth deliring to be berter I'd- tistied in fome particular* , requires the Commiilioners of both fides, fome of them at thelealt, to repair unto her ) where af- ter much fending and proving (as the laying is) there was no- thing done which might redound unto the benefit of theQ_iccn of Scott. D d 19. For ao* %$t $lftO£p of tije ^esbptertans. l i b. v. -iq. For whilft thefe matters were in agitation in the Court of England^, Letters of hers were intercepted , written by her to thefe which continued of her party in the Realm of Scotland. In which Letters fhe complained, that the Queen of England had not kfpt pr mife roithher'-i but jet defired them to beof good heart, hecaufe Jhe was ajjured of aid by fome other means , and hoped to be with them in a port time. Which Letters being firft fent to Murray , and by him (hewed to Queen Elizabeth, prevail- ed fo much for his advantage, that he was not onely difmifl'ed with favour, but waited on by her command through every County by the Sheriffs and Gentry, till he came to Berwick from whence he pa (Ted fafely unto Edenborough, where he was welcomed with great joy by his Friends and Followers. No- thing elfe memorable in this Treaty which concerns our Hiftory , but that when Murray and the reft of the Scots Commiflioners were commanded by Queen Elizabeth to give a reafon of their proceedings againft that Queen, they juftified themfelves by the Authority of Calvin ; by which they did endeavour to prove, (as my Author hath it) That the Popular Magiftrates are appointed and made to moderate , and keef in order , the excefs and unrulinefs of Kings } and that it was lawful for them to put the Kings, that be evil and wicked-) into prifon, and alfo to de- prive them of their Kingdoms. Which Do&rine, how it relifhed with Quten Elizabeth, may be judged by any that knows with what a Soveraign power fhe difpofe.d of all things in her own Dominions, without fear of rendriog an account to fuch Popu- lar Magiftrates, as Calvins Doctrine might encourage to require it of her. But Calvin found more Friends in Scotland, then in all the world -, there being no Kingdom, Principality, or other Eftate, which had herein followed Calvins Do&rine, in the inv prifoning, depofing , and expeUing their own natural Prince, till the Stots firft led the way unto it in this fad Ex- ample. 20. Between the laft Parliament in Scotland, and the Regents journey into England, a general Affembly of the Kirk was held at Edenborough. In which they entred into consideration of fome dif orders which had before been tolerated in the faid Affembly, "and were thought fit to be redreffed. For remedy whereof, ic was cna&ed , That none Jhould be admitted to have voice in thefe s?£emblies<, but Superintendents, Vifitors of Churches, Commif fioners of shires and Vniverjities 5 together wtth fuch other Mi- nisters, to be el.Bed or approved by the Superintendents, 4s were of knowledge and ability to difpute and reafon of fuch Matters' as ivere there propounded. Ic was ordained alfo , That all Tapijis which continued objlinate after lawful admonition, foould be Excommunicated '•, as alfo, that the committers of Murther, In* £cji, Adultery, and other fuch hainous crimes, fhould not be ad* in/tied to make faUsfa&ionby any particulur Church, till they did firji appear in the habit of penitents before the general Affembly y and L .v. Xl)Cl)iao:pofrl)fp;r5byffi!ans, anJ there receive tl. . t in tt. U upon the humble Supplicati a of thcBifh •/,■>, rl (bould be reftored unto bis place, fromw fed him, forhis adring in the < ..Man \ favour they were pltafed to extend aato him, upon thir- Con . That t< t removing of the fcandal, he Id in his firft Sermon acknow- ledge the fault which lie had c mmitted $ an I rdon of Cod, the Kirk, and the Stare, whom Ik h id offended. main bufinefs was to alter the B Discipline, ■ in that part of it which related to the Si ni they countenanced for the prefentb] . Sanction^ illtl had put themlelves in a better pofture; yet they refolve to bl them by degrees to a lower i ;dro lay them 1 the reft. In reference whereuntor,the R.cgcnt is follii Petition, thatcertaio Lords of I il might be a •point- ed to conrerwith fomeof the faid A iching tiieP lity and Jurifdi&ionot the Kirk, and t to that rffecr, that it might be done before the next Seiii >!) of Parliament. To which Petition tbeyri -3tili. jf«/j following: But there came no great matter of it, b) i \ of the Regents death, which loon aftet banned. 21. For lo it was, that after his return trom EnglstJ, he be- came more feared l)y iome, and obeyed by other-, then he h id I en formerly) which made him (rand morehighly upon term II inorand Advantage, when Queen Elizabeth had propound fome Conditions to him in favour of the Queen of Scatty wh caufe appearing defperate in the eyes of moft whowifhed well to her, they laboured to make the'r own peace, and procure his Frieodfbip. l)uke//jw///o», amon^ft the reft, negotiated for a Reconcilement, and came to Fdenuoro tgb to that purpofe } but nnadvifedly interpofing lome delays in the bufinets, b. he would not act apart from the reft of the Queens Adherents, he v. as feot Prifoner to the Caftle. This puts the whole Clan of the lt.tmiltons into Inch difpleafutes(being others ife no good friends to t ce of the survsrts) that i folved upon hi: death $ compa lied not long alter by J* met Hamilton, whofe life he h ' fparcdonce when he had it inhis power. At Lithgoe, on I 2; of Jsmturj, he was (hot by this Hamilton into the belly } of which wound hedyed,the Murrherer efcapiog fafelj I His death much forrowedfor by all that w< !ti- fant-King, of whom he had I. tied might have wiped away the imputai u- rings, if the Kings death could have Crown, before he had made (\i ■..:- ed to ir. But none diJ 01 of the Kirk 5 who in a General A after, decreed, Tk*t tkt M*fti . . ,\U th*. chief h.,ro-i ht of I lid hjppcn to . it ir /. - ■ D d a . 204 %% W&Vt of tl)t f&jesbptetian& l i b. v. proceeded againft in the fame fort alfo. And yet they were not fo intent upon theprofecntionof the Murtherers, as not to be care- ful of themfelves and their own Concernments. They had before addreffed their defires unto the Regent, that remedy mignt be provided againft chopping and changing of Benefices, diminuti- on of Rentals, and letting of Tythes into long Leafes , to the defrauding of Mhrifters and their Succeffors 5 That they who poffeffed pluralities of Benefices, {hould leave all but one , and, That the Jurifdicrion of the Kirk, might be made feparate and diftinfr from that of the Civil Courts. But now they take the benefit of the prefentdiftra&ions, to difcharge the thirds affignedl unto them from all other Incumbrances then the payment ot Five thoufand Marks yearly, for the Rings fupport 5 which being re- duced to Englifii money, would not amount unto the fuin of Three hundred pound 5 and feems to be no better, then the (tick- ing up a feather fin the ancient By-word) when the Goofe was ftollen. 22. As touching the diftradtions which emboldened them to this Adventure, they did mod miferably afflidT: the whole State of that Kingdom. The Queen of Scots had granted a Commiffion to Duke Hantilton, the Earls of Huntley and Arguile, to govern that Realm in her Name, and by her Authority 5 in which they were oppofed by thofe, who for their own fecurity, more then any thing elfe,profefTed their obedience to the King. Great fpoils and Rapines hereupon enfued upon either fide j but the Kings party had the worft,as having neither hands enough to makegood their interelf, nor any head to order and direct thofe few hands theyhad. At lafttheEarlof Sujj'ex, with fomeSouldiers, came toward the borders, fupplied them with fuch Forces as enabled them to drive the Lords of the Queens Faction out of all the South 3 and thereby gave them fome encouragement to nominate the old Earl of Lenox for their Lord-Lieutenant, till the Queens pleafure in it might be further known. And in this Broyl the Kirk muft needs aclt fomewhar alfo. For finding that their party was too weak to compel their Oppofites to obedience by the Mouthof the Sword, they are refolved to try what they can do by the Sword of the Mourh : And to that end, they fend their Agents to the Duke of C haft eau-Har aid , the Earls of At guile , Eglington, Cajfels and Cram ford, the Lords Boyde and Ogilbyy and others, Barons and Gentlemen of name and quality 5 whom they require to return to the Kings obedience, and ordain Certi- fication to be made unto them, that if they did otherwife, the Spiritual Sword of Excommunication (hould be drawn againft them. By which, though they effected nothing which advanced the caufe, yet they (hewed their affeclions, and openly declared thereby to which fide they inclined, if they were left unto them- feves. And tor a further evidence of their inclinations, they were fo temperate at that time , or fo obfequious to the Lords, whofe caufe they favoured, that they defifted from cenfuring afediti- ous l i b. v. %\$ tyiftozp of tiK i&?esbptftuiu0. ousSermon^ upon an In- i mat ion lent from theLordl o( the C ) un- ci I, that the Sermon contained fame matter ol f re if »n.and there- forethat tbc Cognizance of it belonged unto themfelvesand I Secular Judp.cs. 23. The Corjfufiom Hill encreafeamongfr them$ the Queen of *r~~- Engldnd feeming to intend nothing more, then toballance the one fide by thcother, that betWlXf both Ihc might prcfervc her felf in fafcty. But in the end., flic yields unto the importunity of thofe who appeared in favour of the King, fflui'eS them of Jut aid and (uccours when their needsreqrired, and recommends the Karl of Lewtxtl thefirtefr man to take the Regency upon him. Tie Breachnow widens more then ever: The Lords commdlio- bated by the Qvieen are pollelt of f-denborougk, and having the Cattle to their Friend, call a Parliament thither) as 1 *> frVe- gent doth the like at Stirling *, and each pretends to havepre- heminenceabove the other. The one, becaul 1 a il . in the Regal City } the other, becaufe they had the Kings Pei for their countenance in it. Nothing more m< mutable in that at Eclcnberou^h. thjn that the Queens extorted rlefignruion fvasde- cl.ircd null and void in Law) and nothing fo remarkable ia the other, as that the Young King made a Speech unto them (.^ ch had been put into his mouth) at their fu ft letting dovt n. In each they forfeit the Eft a tea of the oppofjte party} and bv Au'horiry 01 each, deftroy theCountrey in all places in an hofrile manner. T he Minilters had their parts alfo in thefecommon fuffcring^coin- pelled in all fuch places where the Queen prevailed, t j recoi ,- mend her in their Prayers by her Name or Titles, or otherw i(e toleavethe Pulpit unto fuch as would. In all things toe the Kirk had the felicity to remain in quiet } care being taken by both parties for the Preservation of Religion, though in all other, things, at an extrcam difference anion git themfelvcs. But the 1 57 1, new Regent did not long enjoy his Office, of which he reaped no fruit, but cares and forrows. A fudden Enterprize is made n Stirling by one ot the Hamilton!, onthethirdot September, at what time both the Parliament and Affemblv WCre there con- vened : An 1 he fucceeded (0 well in it, as to be brought private- ly into the Town, to feize on all the Noblemen in their fever. il Lodgings, ?nd ainongft other?, to po fiefs themfelvcsof the lie- gents perfon: Bat bting forced to leave the place, and quit their Prifoners, the IVcgent was unfortunately kill'd by one 01 Hir/H- tons Souldiers, together with the Gentlem in himfelt uit 1 \ he had yielded. The Earl of Msrre is on the fifth l.i.ne unoneth proclaimed his Su( r: His Succeflor indeed ne- ly in his cares and fbrrOWS, but in the mortnefs of bis B nle •-, I having in vain attempted Edtnb$rough in th« his rVegency, he was able to effect as little in moft places e mote then the wafting of the Country, as he did- roH^h. 24. The Subjects in the mean time wcrcin ill condition and the King WOtfe ( They hadalready drawn their 8 _^.' ' ' ■ — — — ■ — - ' ■ " ~ Queen, firft forced her to refign the Crown, and afterwards droVe her out of the Kingdom. And now it is high time to let the young King know what he was to truft to$ to which end,they command a piece of Silver of thevalue of Five (hillings to be coyned, and made currant in that Kingdom 5 on the one fide whereof, was the Arms of Scotland^ with the Name and Title of the King* in the ufual manner 5 on the other fide, was (ramped an Armed Hand, grafpinga naked Sword5with this Inscription 5 viz. Si bene3 fro me'-y ft male, contra, me: By which the people were inform- ed, that if the King (n*,uld govern them no otherwife then he ought to do,they (hould then ufe the Sword for his prefervation 5 but it he governed them amifs, and tranfgreffed their Laws, they fhould then tu^n th* point againft him. Which words being faid to have been ufed by the Emperor Trajan, in his delivering of the Sword unto one of his Courtiers, when he made him Captain of his Guard, hvehnce been ufed by fome of our Presbyterian Zealots, ion ] (tit)iug the Authority of inferior Officers, incen- furing theadions9 arsd punilhingthe perfons of the Supreme Ma- gistrate. It was in the year 1552, that this learned piece of Coyn was minted > but whether before or after the death of the Earl of Marred am not able to (ay : for he having but ill fuccefsin the courfe of his Government, contracted fuch a grief of heart, that he departed this life on the eighth of Q&ober, when he had held that Office a little more then a year } followed about feven weeks after, by that great Incendiary John Knox, who dyed at Eden- borough on the 27 of November , leaving the State imbroyled in thofe disorders, which by his fire and fury had been firft occa- fioned. 25. Morton fucceedsthe Earl of Marre'm this broken Govern- ment, when the affairs of the young King feemed to beat the worfej but he had fo good fortune in it, as by degrees to fettle the whole Realm in fome Form of peace: Heunderftoodfo well the eftate of the Countrey, as to allure himfelf, that till the Ga« file of Edenborough was brought under his power, he (hould ne- ver be able to iupprefs that party, whofe ftubborn (landing out (as it was interpreted) did fo offend the Q,ueen of England , 1573 • that (he gave order unto Drury, then Maifhal of Berwick to pafs with fome confiderable Forces into Scotland for his prefent af- liftance. With thefe Auxiliaries helays fiegeto the Caftle, bat- tering it, and reducethitto fuch extremity, that they were com- pelled to yield to mercy. Of which, though many of them tafteda yet Grange himfelf, who firft or lafthad held the place againft allthefour Regents, togerher with one of his Brothers5 and two Goldsmiths of Edenborough, were hanged at the Market-Crofs of that City. By which furrender of the Caftle, the QueensFafti* on was (0 broke in pieces, that it was never able to make head I574* again 5 all of them labouring to procure their own peace by fome Compofition. For now the Regent being at leifure to enquire af- ter themifcarriages of the years preceding, he fends his Juttices in Lib, V. £tjc mioiv of t\)t p:csbptcnaus. - mVyrc into all parts of the Countr. Commiflaons with I Qt Rigour 5 people forced to oompoun rcdce.n themlelves, I hum oi money .1 . by thefe Jufticcs were imp of the Merchants a!ic were eaded 111 i|.r urof I porting Coy n$ fined in great lu.m, orelfecon dtoti: nlcofBUcfoef*! till they gave fat isfa&ton. B) whicl d- ings ht incurred the cenfurc oi tous man, th e had other ends* in it then hisown enriching. For by theli exa&ions) he did not onely puniu).fuch as had been moft in the late diftempers, but terrified them from the like atr< linft the prefent Government tor the times enfuing. J oiuch Confufions and Diforders, fuch mifcrablc tVapii Devaluations 9 fuch horrible Murtbers and AfTiftinates, \ poor Realm expofed tor feven years together, by follow! ; Cewevism Do&rines of Difobedience which Km ox had pre and bucb.irun in his Seditious Pamphlets had ddpciled among c them. Not to fay any thing of that indcleable reproach and f amy, which the whole Nation had incurred in the eye of Chriften- doni, for their barbarous dealings towards a had 10 gracioully indulged unto them the exet which (lie found amongft them, without diftui .to any. 26, Which matters being thus laid together, we muff proc to fuch affairs as concern the Kit k,ab(f radted from the troubles commotions in the Civil State. In reference whereu emay pleafe to kn.-w, that after divers S tllicita i"ns made by forn er Ailemhlies, for fetling a Polity in the Church, certain Commif- (loncrs were appointed toadvife upon it. 1 irl of M.irre then Regent, nominated for the Lords of the Council, the Eatl o£ Morton Chancellor, the Lord Rutb n Treafurer, the Titular Ab- bot of Dnmj\rling principal Secretary of Eft ate in the place of Ledimgtfim, dftc^gil chief Regifter , BuDcndtn thethen [u ft ice Clerk, and Colcn C.irttpbel ot Glendrcby. The Atlembly then fitting at L-::tb} named tor the Krk, j ob* F.r:j l\m of Dun Su- perintendent of Angus^ Jobn ifinrant. Superintendent of P//ir, jincirtvc U.iy 0>mini(lioner of C! I tvid lin.u-j'uy CommifGoner of the Wtft ,ft obert Pomt Commtffioner of OrkjiMJ} andMr.jftf/k* Crtigl one ot the Minifters ot Rdtnboromgb The Scots were then under lome neceiht y ot holding fair trwith the Englifh) and therefore to conform (as ix .ently the) might) to the Government of it in the outward Polity the Church. Upon which reafon, and the pre! v of the Court-Comdaiffioners, thofe of the Ktrk did condefcend unto thefe ConcluGoos ) and condefcended the more eafily, becaufe Knox wa il fentj detained by ficknefs from attending any pub- lick bufinefs. N>>w tbefe Concluftons were as followcth; 1. lb tbc Archbijboflicki *nd Bijblfrickj prejently voir), or fioulJ b 1 ■ p«m betisftet to Le voidi jhcnld be dij)ofcdto th: moii qmsli 2o8 %l)c ^iBc;? of t3t)e $it$)ytman& l i b. v. e Mini fry : 2. That the Spiritual Jurifdi&ions (hould be ex- ercifed by the Bijhopsin their fever at Diocejfes : 3. That all Ab- bots, Pry ors, and other inferiour Prelates , who Jhould happen to be presented to Benefices, foould be tryed by the Bijhop and Superin- tendent of the bounds, concerning their qualification and aptnefs to give voice for the Church in Parliament 5 and upon their Col- lation be admitted to the Benefice, and not othervpife ; 4. That the nomination of fit perfons for every Archbifho pricks and Bijhopric^ f)0uld be made by the King or Regent , and the Election by ttoe Chap- ters of the Cathedrals. And becaufe divers perfons were pojjeffcd of places in fome of the f aid Chapters, which did bear no Office in the Church j it was ordered, That a particular nomination of Mini- Jiers in every Diocefs fi.)ould be made, to fupply their rooms until iheir Benefices in the f aid Churches fhonld fall void : 5. 'I hat all Benefices of Cure under Prelacies , Jkould be difpofed to a&ual Ministers, and no others : 6. that the Mmijlersjhould receive Or- dination from the Btjkop of the Diocefs-, and where no Biff)op was then placed, from the Superintendent of the bounds ; 7. That the BiJIjovs and Superintendents at the Ordination of the Mini- vers, Jliould exaft of them an Oath for acknowledging his Maje- flies Authority, and for obedience to their Ordinary in all things lawful, according to a Form then condefcended. Order was al- io taken tor difpofing of Pioveftries5 Colledge-charges, Cha- planaries , and divers other particulars moft profitable for the Church 5 which were all ordained to ftand in force until the Kings minority, or till the States of the Realm mould deter- mine otherwife. How happy had it been for the Ifles of Bri- tain, if the Kirk had [to- d to thefe Conclusions , and not un- ravelled all the Web to advance a Faction , as they after did > 1572. 27* For m tne next general Affembly held in Augujl at the Town of Perth , where thtfe conchilicns were reported to the reft of the Brethren , fome of them took offence at ooe thing, fome at another : fometook exceptionat the Title of Ar».hbiJhop and Dean ■> and others at the name of Archdeacon , Chancellor and Chapter i not found in the Genevian Bibles, and otherwife Popifh, andoffenfive to the ears of good Cbriltians. To fatis- fie whofe queazie ftomacks , fome of the Lay-Commiffioners had prepared this Lenitive 5 that is to fay, That by ufing of thefe Titles , they meant not to allow of any Popiih Superftition in the leaft degree 5 and were content they (hould be changed to btherswhich might feem lefs fcandalous. And thereupon it was propofed, that the name of Bijhop mould beufed for Archbijliop, that the chapter mould be called the Bijhops Ajfembly ., and the Dean the Moderator of it. But as for the Titles of Archdeacon, Chancellor, Abbot, and Pryor, it was ordered that fome {hould he appointed to confider how far thefe Functions did extend, and give their opinion to the next AfTembly for the changing of them, with fuch others , as fhould be thought moft agreeable to the L i b. v. %[)t i)ifto:p of tftc pzcsbptcrums. the Word of God, and the Polity of the belt Refoi n d Cfa • ; - ' 'I Which brings into my minde the fancy oi "i rhd Defer ti of vlffrlck.* who haying been terriblj gers, and not able other wife ro deft roy them, p; lied a U ci that none fhould thenceforth call. tbem rygeraj tod then all was well. But notwithltanding all this care, i\nd thele q ri- ons, the conclusions could not be tdisitted, but with this Pr ttftation, that they received thofe Articles tor an Interim on-iv, till a more perfect Order might be attained at the i >t tha King, the Regent, or the S of the Realm* And it that they admitted them (b tar: For preicnrly upon the ril of this Ailcmblv, Mx.John Dougldfs , Provoft of the new Col-; ledge in S:. Andrews ^w a* preferred to the Arcbbifhoprick of that See ^ Mr. garnet Boyd to the Archbiflioprick oi CUfco i Mr. Jantct Vdtvtt to the Bifhoprick of Dmmkjtld\ and Mr. Anl'crv Crabame to the See or Dunblane , the relt to be dilpofedot af- terwards as occalion lerved. a3. But long it was not that they held in fo good a I'ofr-;;. I ? Morton fucceeding in the Regencie to the Earl of ALirrc. en- tred into a confiderntion of the injury which was done the i\ by the invading of his Thirds , and giving onely an allowance yearly of five thoufand Marks. Thele he brings bat k unto the Crown, upon aflurance that the Pcnlions of* the Miuifters ihjuld be better anfwered then informer times, and to be payable from thenceforth by the PariOi in which they ferved. But no fooner had he gained his purpole, when to improve the rvingi Revenue, and to increafe the Thirds, he appointed to one Ml- niffer two or three Churches, in which he was to preach by turns ; and where he did not preach, toappoint a Header. Which Hea- der for the mofr part was allowed buc twenty or forty pounds yearly '■> each pound being-valued at no more then one (hill in ci^ht pence of our Englifh money. And in the payment or' thele Penfions, they found their condition made worle then be- fore it was : for, whereas, they could boldly go to the Superinten- dents, and make their poor Eltatcs known unto them > from whom they were fure to receive fame relief and comfort } they were now forced to dance attendance at the Court, for getting warrants for the payment of the fums alltgncd , and luppli- cating for fuch augmentations as were feldom granted. And when the Kirk delired to be refrorcd unto the Thirds, n - .. i alio promiled in cafe the affignations were not duly paid, it was at lair told them in plain terms , ihat tincc I i of the Thirds beUmged to the King , it Wdt fitter t Council fioul'd medifie the stipends of Mini fieri , ti Kirt< ji ottld hav ^'mtrvent and d \ma s Surplus. Nor aid the Superintendents Ipecd mu ;er, if not worle, when they addreil'ed themfclvei to any of the Court-' for the receiving the Penfions aii:gned unto them) which be i; greater then the others, came more coldly in. And i f r l v E t 2 1 o %l)e ^tftojp of tl;e f&jesbyterians. l i b. v. at any time with more importunity then was thought conve- nient, it was told them that the Kirk had now no ufe of their fervices, in regard that Bifhops werereftored in fame places to their Junfdi&ions. 29. And now the Difcipline begins to alter, from a mixed to a plain Presbytery. Before the confirming of Epifcopacie by the late conclufions, the Government of the Kirk had been by Superintendents, affifted by Commiffioners for the Countries, as they calied them then. The Commiffioners changed , or new Elected at every general A ffembly 5 the Superintendents fetled for term of life. To them it appertained to approve and ad- mit the Minifters s, they prefided in all Synods, and directed all Church-cenfures within their bounds } neither was any Excom- munication pronounced without their Warrant. To them it alfo was referred to proportion the Stipends of all Minifters ^ to appoint the Collectors of the Thirds, (as long as they were chofen by the general Allembly) to make payment of them, af- ter fuch form a'nd manner as to them feemed beft 5 and to difpofe of the Surplufage, if any were, toward the charges of the State. And to this Knox confented with the greater readi- nefs,becaufeinan unfetled Churcb,the Minifters were nor thought of parts fuffici^nt to be trufted with a power of Jurifdic"rion 5 and partly becaufe fuch men as were firft defigned for Superin- tendents, were for the mod part poffelTed of fome fair Eftate a whereby they were not onely able to fupport themfelves, but toafTord relief arid comfort to the poor Minifters. But when thefe men grew old or dyed, and that the entertaining of the Reformed Pveligion in all parts of the Realm had given in- couragement to men of Parts and Learning to enter into the Miniftry , they then began more univerfally to put in practice thofe reftrictions with which the Superintendents had been fettered, and the power of the Minifters extended by the Book oi Difcipline , according to the Rules whereof the Minifterand Elders of every Churchj with the afiiftance of their Deacons, if occafion were, were not alone enabled to exercife moft part of Ecclefiaftical Junfdi&icn over their feveral Congregations, but alfo to joyn themfelves with the chief RurgefTes of the greater Towns for cenfuring and depofing their own Superintendents, In which refpect the Government may be faid to be a mixt,not a plain Presbytery, as before was noted 5 though in effect. Pres- bytery was the more predominant, becaufe the Superintendents by the Book of Difcipline were to be fubjeel: to the Cenfures of their own Presbyteries. 30. But thefe Presbyteries, and the whole power afcribed unto them by the Book ot Difcipline,were in a way to have been crufhed by the late conclufions, when they flew out again up- on occafion of the hard dealing of the Earl of Morton, in putting them belides their Thirds, Aud then withal, becaufe the put- ting of fome Minifters into Bilhops Sees., had been ufed by him for Ltb.V. %\yz ftitfoi? of rlje pjesUvtrtiat io* ai I Cora pretence to defraud the Superinteix Dined mean> , the BUfcopS were inhibited by the '. ral Allembly whfth next followed, ti< sreitiog any I al Jurif- diction within the bound- which ihey had formerly ufiigned to their Superintendents , without their canfent i irubeti Which opportunity was both efpied and taken by Andrew Mel* vin, for making fuch to innovation in the Form ot Government* as came molt near unto the Pattern or Geneva , where he had ihidied tor a time, and came back thence more skilful lti Tongues and Languages then aay other part of Learning. And being hot and eager upon any bulinels which he Cook in band , emulous of Knoxes greatnels, and hoping to be Chronicled tor his tqual in the Ketormation j he entertained all fuch as re- torted to him, with the continual commendation* of that Difci- pline which be found at Geneva, where the Presbyteries carried all , without acknowledging any Hilhop or Superintendent in power above them. Hiving by this means much inlinuatcd in- to diveis Miniifcrs, he dealt with one John Drury , one or the Pre.icle S >f Fden boron gh to propound a quelfion in the general Alien. b.y which was then convened, touching the lawfulnefs of the Epiicopal Function, and the Authority ot Chapters in their L'ei'ri m. Which queftion being put according as he had di- recri d , he firft commends the Speakers Zeal (as it he had been uoacqaaintcd with the motion) and then proceeds to a long and well-framed difcourfe, touching (he flourilhing Klrate of the Church of Geneva, and the opinions of thofe great and emi- nent men, Calvin then dead, and 'Theodore Etza then alive, in the point of Jupch-Government. Atter which premifes,hefell upon this conclulion , That none ought to bear any office m the Cbnrih of Chrtji. vchofe titles were not found in the holy Scri- pture : ihjt thju.h the nam-: of bilhop did occur in Scripture , yet was it not to betak^'n in that fence im which it was common* ly understood : That no Superiority was allowed by Chrijt a* tnongjt the Mmiften of the Church } all of them being of the fame degree^ ana having the j ante power in all Sacred Mitters : I hat the corruptions crept into the Fjiate of Biihops were Jo great and many, that if ihey J})ould not be removed, Keligitn would nut hng remain in Purity, And loreterred the whole matter to thcif conlidciation. 31. The Game being thus darted and purfuedby To good a Hunt I man, it was thought tit by the Allembiy, to commend the chafe thereof to fix chofen Members, who wereto report of their diligence to therelt of the Brethren. Of which, though Melvin took a care to be named tor one, and made ufcof all his wit and cunning to bring the reft of the lleferrces to his own opinion, yet he prevailed no further at that time, then under our of 1 mannerly declining ot the point in hanJ, to lay Come further rein ictionsupon the Bilhops in die exetcife ot their Power and furifdictioWj then had been formerly impolcd. The i I e I of 1572, 212 % t)e ty&m tf ttje $?e$toptettansu l i b." v. of their report was to this efTeft } Vi%* That they did not hold it expedietit to anfwerthe gueftiom propounded for the prefent j but if any Bifoop was chofen, that had not qualities required by* the Word of God, he fliould be tryed by the General Affembly : That they judged the name of a Bijfwp, to be common to all Mini jiert who had the charge of a particular floc^ and that by the Word of God, hk chief function conftfiedin the Preaching of the Word, the Minifiration of the Sacraments, and theexercife of Eccleftajlical DifcipUne with the confentof the Elders : That from amongft the Mini ftry, fome one might be chofen to overfee and vifttfuch reaf on- able bounds befides his own flocks, as the General Ajfemblj Jhould appoint : That the Miniflerfo elected, might inthofe bounds ap- point Preachers, vpiihthe advice of the Minivers of that Province^ and the confen* of the flockwhnh jhould be admitted } and that he might fujpend Minifters from the exercife of their office, up* on reajonable cauj'es , with the confent of the Minijlers of the bounds. 1 his was the iumoi the Report j and that thus much might be reported to begin the game with, great care was took by Melvin and his Adherents, that neither any of the Bifhops nor Superintendents which were then prefent in the Affembly (being eight in number) were either nominated to debate the points propofed, nor called to be prefent at the Conference. But fomewhat further muft be done, now their hand was in: And therefoie, that the reft might fee what they were to truft to, if this world went on, they depofed JamesPatton Bifeop of Dun- kelden from his place and dignity, without confulting the Lord- Regent, or any of the fecret Council in fo great a bufinefs. 32. The next Affembly makes fome alteration in propounding ,the queftion, and gives it out with a particular reference to their own concernment , in this manner following } that is to fay, whe- ther the Bijhops, as they werein Scotland, hadtheir Function war- ranted by the Word of God? But the determining of this queftion was declined as formerly. Onely it was conceived expedient for a further preparative, both to approve theopinionsof the Referrees in the former Meeting, and to add this now unto the reft, That'the Bifoops jl)Quld take to themf elves the fervice of fome one Church within their Diocefs, andnominate the particular flock, whereof they would accept the charge. News of which laft addi- tion being brought to the Regent , he required by a fpeci- al Meflage, either to ftand to theConclufions before mentioned, which were made at Leith, or elfe devife fome other Form of Church- Government which they would abide. And this fell out as Melvin and his Tribe would have it : For after this, there was nothing donein the AlTem61ies for two yearstogether, but ham- mering, forming and reforming anew Book ot Difcipline, to be a ftanding Rule for ever to the Kirk of Scotland. But poflible it is, that the defign might have been brought to perfection foon- er9 if the Regent had not thought himfelf arTronted by them, in the perfon of his Chaplain Mr. Patrick, Adamfon, whom he had * • recommended 1 1 b . v. %\)t i>ifto^ of tt)c ^csbytenans* 9 1 3 recommended to the Sec of S. Andrews. For the Election bciug purpofcly del.iyed by the 1 );. in Jiui Chapter, till the lifting ot the next A (Terribly) Alamfon then prcfenr, was interrogated whether he would fiibniic himlelt untothetry.il, and undertake thatOrhce upon fuchconditionsaa the Aflembly would prefcribe« To which he anfwered, That he was commanded by the Re- gent not to accept (hereof upon any other terms, then fuch a? bad been formerly agreed upon between the Coinmiliioncrs ot the Kirk and the Lords ot the C uncil. Oo this retufal, they inhibit the Chapter trom proceed loe in the laid Election} though arrerwards, tor tear ot the dil plea lure ot lo great a man, their command therein was dilobeyed, and the party choCcn. Which fo pi v d tbofc meek and humble- lpirited men, that at their next i • i ey difcharged him from theexercife of allju- rifdii ion til .v tome General Allembly he were lawfully li- Cenfcd And this did fo exafperate the flegent on the othei fide, thar he refolved to hinder them from making any further In- novation in the Churches Polity as Jong as lie continued in his place and power. 33 iSut the rvegent having fomewhat imprudently difmilTed himlelt of the Government, and put it into thehandsof the King, in the beginning of March, Am*l$JJ , they then conceived they had as good an opportunity as could bedellred to advance their Discipline, which had been hammering ever (ince in the Forge of their Fancies. And when it hapned (as it was not long before itdid) they u flier in the Defigu with this following Preamble) viz. The Gencr.tl Ajj'embly of the Kirk\ finding umverfal corrupti- on of the whole I'jtatci of the body of this Realm the great coldneft and jlackjiej s in Religion in the fttattjb p.irt of the Profejjors of the J ante, with the daily increafe of alt kjnd of feirful \lns and enormities } .is, Incejis, Adulteries, Afurthers {committed m Eden- b rough and Stirling) i itrj'ed Sacriledgc> ungodly Sedition and Division within the bowels of the Realm, with all nt inner of dij - Oidere I an lungodlj living , wljtch jujily hath provoked vur G<>d9 a'though long Jufjering and patient, to jtretch out his arm in his anger to corrett and vijit the iniquity of the Lands and namely^ by the prcjent penury, famine and hunger, joyned with the Civil and Intejime Seditions : 11 hereunto doubtlefs greater judgementt Mujt fuccced, if thefebh corrections work, no Reformation and amendment m mens hearts: Seeing aljo the bloody excluftont of th-' cruel counfels of that Rom m Keaji, tending to extermme and raj e from the face of all Europe, the true light of the blej/ed IVord of Salvation : For thefe caufes, and that God of his mercy w mid hlf ft the Kings Highncjs, and his Regiment, and ma\e him to lave a happy and profperouiGovernment, as a 'fo to put in his Highnefs heart, andinthe hearts of his Noble Ujiates of Parliament, not onely to make and ejlabliflj good politicly Laws for the Weal and good Government of the Realm , bit aljo to Jet and ejia- blijb fuch a Polity and Difciplme in t): UtKi as is craved it th* 214 SDe $iffl»? of ttje ^esfeptettans* Lib.V. f/je Word of God , and is contained and penned already to be prefented to his Highnefs and Councils that in the one and in the other God may have his due praife, and the age to come an ex- ample of upright und Godly dealing. Which Aft of theAffem- blypafs'don tne 2401 April 1578 34. The Difcipline muft be of moft excellent ufe, which could afford a prefent remedy to fc many mifchiefs} and yet as excellent as it was, it. could obtain no Ratification at that time of the King or Parliament 5 which therefore they refolvetoput inpra&ife by the ftrength of their party, without infiftingany further on the leave of either. In which refpect, it will not be unaeced'a-ry to take a brief view of fuch particulars in which they differ from the Ancient Government of the Church of Chrift, ortheGovernment of the Church of England then by Law efta- blilhed} or .finally, from the former Bo6k of Difcipline which thcmfelves had juftified. Now by thi* Book it is declared. That none that bear Office in the Church of Chrift, ought tohtve Domi- nion over it, or be called Lords .• That the Civil Magifirates are fo fir from having any power to ?reath,adminifter the S acramentst or execute the Cenfures of the Church, that they ought nottopre- feribeany Rule hew it fhouidbe d *ne: and that as Alinifiers are fuhj & to the judgement and punifhment of Magifirates in Exter- nal vhiffgs., if they effend'^fo ought the Magifirates fubmit them- f elves 10 the DifcipUne of the Church, if they tranfgrefs in matter of Cenfcience and Religion: 'ihit the Ministers of the Church ought to govern the fame by mutual eonfent of Brethren, and equa- lity of power s according to their feveral Fun&ions : That there a 1 e onely four ordinary office bearers in the Churchy that k to fay , ihe Vajior , Minifer or Bifljop 5 the DoCior^ the Elder, and the Deacon^and that no more ought to be received in the Word of God j avd therefore that all ambitious Titles invented in the Kingdom of Antichrift and his ufurped Hierarchy^, which are not of th"fe four fort s ^together with the offices depending thereupon (that is tofay9 Archbiihops,Patriarchs,Chancellours, Deans, Archdeacons, &c.) 'oti ght in one word to be rejc&ed : That all which bear Office in the Church, are to be eU&edby the Elderpip^ and eonfent of theCon- gregation to whom the perfon prefented is appointed, and no other- wife; That the Ordination of the perfonfo eleUed, is to be per- formed with Fafl ingt Prayer , and the Jmpofttien of the hands of the Eider fip (Remember that Impofition of hands was to- tally rejected in the former Book:) ihat.-aU office-bearers m the Church fiouldhave their own particular fockj, amon gf whom they ought to exercife their charge , and keep their residence. 35. But more particularly it declares, That it is the office of ihe Pafior, Bifhop or Mini ft er, to preach the Word of God, and to administer the Sacraments in that particular Congregation unto 'Which he is called: and it belongs unto themt after lawful pro- ceeding of the Elderpip, to pronounce the fentence of binding and loafing $ as alfo 3 to folemnize Marriage between perjons contract- ed. U". V %$t i?ifto?voftt)c^?fsl)ptcnans td\ being by the I lerjbrp tbertunt* rt i : it tr if- the Dot'for, }-»/[>(? i>> 9} U tbe m r<.t of <,r/ptur tt mil. M> :-j\ib\ and that tbit I >' jijt the I'ajior in th. . I 6, /' f re Jon thti . Jrttc J relation of tl which onely Jvl ■ r* lr I - [ijjtii.il matters, is to htm tc> : Tbdtit it ■■ <>///rc oj Eider (tbit » to fay, Tbe l ey Elder, f$r Jg they m-m) botbprt* vutely and publicity, to witch with all diligence ever the pock committed to tbcm^ tb.tt no corruptions of Religion or n/jnnn amongst them '■) as tiff to afjifl the Pa fl or or A/tniiter tn t i I e thtt iom>- to the 1. or as l able, i» vijtung thejiih , in .1 tmon ing allmen of their cint ics ea rdiwgto the Rule of tf-rl . nl in Lot Im :bhcs with the Pijijrs and Dodo's, fee ejiabhjh- tng good erdcr in tic Church-, th-- Ails rvhercof be /; to put in > xc- cittun : 'That it is th: Office of the Deacon to io!!,--:l .in A diflribmte the floods of the C fourth, at tire oppomtment of the Elders, tmm.jl tvhiihhe is to have no voycem the common Confifl ory\ contr the Kulesof thetormer Boukrf 'lhit all /•', licel Ajjcmblicx have a power lawfully to convene together for tbit cPeJ .« i hit rt h tn the power of the Elder fb if to appoint rift tor/ for their Churches nitijtn their bonnds '-, and that this power belongs not to any ft !: pcrjon, be he B if) op or otherwij e : That every three, jHur or more Parijhes, may have an Elderjbip to themfelvcs ; but fo, thtt the I- 1- ders be chofen out of etch in a ft proportion : 1 h.it it is the Office of thrj'c Elderjbip/ to enquire of nauchty and unruly Alcmbcj, and to bring them into the way agatn,cithcr by Admonition , and threat ■ ning of Cods judgements %er by CorrcUion, even to the very Cenfurc of Excommunication i its aljo to admomjb, cenfurc, and ( if the c tj 0 require) to depofe their p ajior, if he be found guilty of* any of thoj'e grievom crimes \ among which Dancing goes for one) wbi belongs to their co»niz,an(e : The Errors cov/mittcd !>y the F ld<.r - Jbip, to be corrected by Provincial Ajjemblies, and thfc in the Pro- vincials by the General. I he maintainance and ajjiftmg of which Difciplme, and the tn'iiiiin g of Civil punifment s upon jurh M d? not obey the.Jamc, without confounding one furtfdiClionwiib an- 9thcr3 is made to be the chief Ojfice of Kings and Princes. And that th*s Dtj\ip line might be executed without interruption, it i: required th a :nd office of ' BiJro[)s3a* it thcnwjs, and hi { n formerly excrafed in the Church of ScotUfid; at alfo i Karnes and Otjtces of Com,-; .ndators , Abbott ^Triors J'eans , I gnd Chapter /, Chancellors } Archdeacons, brt cf .1 jiock^: 2. 7 hat they jhould not uj'urp any criminal jur/fdi- it ion ; 3. I hut they f'ould not vote in Parliament m the na ■ the Churchy unhjs they had a Commijjion from the gem era I Ajfem* bly : 4. lh.it they Jhould not taks up for matnt. lining tl.tir ambh tion, the Rents which might mainPain many Pa&ars, Schools .ml Poor, but (• nicnt themfctuct with a rcafonable portion for dijcht of their off' ces : 5. I hit they fbould not claim the title of Ton* poral Lords , nor ufurp any Civil J»rifJiSfi§ms whereby they might be driven from their charge: 6. that they jhould not Empire over Presbyteries^ but be Jubjccl to the fame : ?. that th j Jibuti I not ufurp the power of Presbyteries* nor tal{c upon them to vijit any bounds that were not committed to them by ike Church : 8. That if any more corruptions Jhould afteiwards be tryed , the Bij> jhould agree to have them reformed Thefe Articles were tirlt" tendred to f atrick^damfon-t Archhifliop of St. Andrews, and Metropolitan of all 8cntlnmd\ againft whom they had a former quarrel, not onely becjule he was preferred, elected, and I U mittcd to th.it eminent Dignity without their confent , but bad alio excrcifed the Jurisdiction which beh aged Unto ir, in ( pre Is and di reft oppo,lition unto their coi imai \ n ! lirff they quarrelled with him forgiving Collation unto Bei , r.nd for giving voice in Parliament9not*b< thereunto by the Kirk. They quarrelled with hinVafrerwardi or adviiing the Ada or" Parliament, Amm ceived to be (o prej ud tcia 1 to the flights oi the Kirk \ andh the King fo hard unto ir, that he was forced toe tunfcl the p >or Prclateto lubfcr.be feme Articles, bf whv. ?d in a f f 21 8 %fyt ^iftc» ot tije pitBhymmz. Lib.V. ner to renounce his Calling 5 of which more hereafter. They quarrelled with him again in the year 1589, for marrying one of the Daughters of the late Duke of Lenox to the Earl of Httntly .without their confent , wherein the King was alfo fain to leave him to their difcretion. And finally, they fo vexed and perfe- cured him from one time to another, upon pretence of not con- forming to their lawlefs pleafures, that they reduced him in the end to extreme necefiity, publiQied a falfe and fcandalous Pa- per in his name, as he lay on his death-bed , containing a Recan- tation (as they called it ) or rather a renouncing of his Epifco- pal Function j together with his approbation of their Presbyte- lies: which Paper he difowned at the the hearing of it. By which, and many fuch unworthy courfes, they brought his gray hairs (as they did fome others of his Order) with (hame and forrow to the Grave. 39. Mention was made before of an A& of Parliament made in the time of the Interregnum^ before the Queens coming back from France, for demolifhing all Religious Houfes, and other Monuments of Superftition and Idolatry. Under which name all the Cathedrals were interpreted to be contained, and by that means involved in the general ruine 5 onely theChurch at Glafco didefcape that ftorra, and remained till this time undefacedin its former glory : But now becomes a very great eye- fore to An" drer» Melvin , by whofe practices and follicitations it was a- greed unto by fome Zeaious Ma gift rates, that it fhould forth- with be demolished } that the materials of it (hould be ufed for the building of fome leiler Churches in that City for the eafeof the people , and that fuch Mafons, Quarriers, and other Work- men, whofe fervice was requifite thereunto, (hould be in readi- nefsforthat purpofeat theday appointed. The Arguments which he ufed to perfwade thofe Magiftrates to this Act of R.uine,were the reforting of fome people to that Church for their private De- letions , the hugevaftntfsof the Fabrick,which made it incom- modious in refpect of hearing j and efpecially the removing of that old Idolatrous Monument, which only was kept up in defpite oftheZeal and Piety of their fir ft Reformers. But the bufinefs was not carried fo clofely,as not to come unto the knowledge of the'Grafts of the City , who, though they were all fufficiently Zealous in the caufe of Religion, were not fo mad as to deprive their City of fo great an Ornament.. And they agreed fo well together, that when the Work-men were beginning to affem- blethemfelves to fpeed the bufinefs, they made a tumulr3 took up Arms, and refolutely fwore,that whofoever pulled down the firft ft one, (hould be buried under it. The Work-men upon this are difcharged by the Magiftrates, and the people complain- ed of to the King for the infurrecTions. The King upon the hearing of it , receives the adtors in that bufioefs into his pro- tection, allows the oppoGtion they had made, and layes com- mand upon the Minifters (who had appeared moft eager in the pro- L'g. v. Xl)c iiiao^ofrljcpzcsbvtcnans;. profecutton) not to meddle in that bu6o r .my other of that mi in that Kingdom u ci ( del iH>t tolerate any m . I be ivu: ; tor m.ur 1 - , the ioQiruiioo r I edicia • < t' . mrji ■) to moderate whole he.1 *«, <.. .ls idded \1( . P f.r / £fat her of the late Dean oi fVitfcbefier) a more ind i vr man, whom he very m I, and th Knighthood, and afterwards preferred to th< of Sr. Cr*/j in BmgUmd* But he received In- Principles h>r man State, from fuch nf his Council as were mo(t tender ot the pub- . incerefl of their Native Country. By whom, but molt efpccially by t##, He was fo well inft; at he was able to diftinguifh between the Zealot fome in pro- moting the Reformed R.< adthe madnefs* i ti I fome others, who pracnied to introduce their innovations under that pretence* Upon which grounds of State and Prudence, he gave order to the general Atiembly, fitting at this rune, not to u a any alteration in the Polity of the Church, as then it fto< d, but to fuller things to continue in the (rate they were till the fol- lowing Parliament) to the end that the determinations of I three l' Itates might not be any ways prejudged by their Concl lions. Bur they neglecting the command, look back upon the Jjte proceedings which were held ar Stirling, where many the moll material points in the Book of Dilciplme u ere d red upon. And thereupon it was ordained, that nothing (hould be altered in Form or Matter, which in that Book had been concluded by themfelves. With which the King was Co difplealed, that from that time he gave left countenance to the Minifters then lie had done formerly. And to the end that they mighi lee what need they had of their Plioces favour, he fuffercd divers ferj- tences to be pait at the Council Table, for the hi ("pending of their Cenfu res and Ezcoromuntcationi,when any.matter of corri- plaint Was heard againft them. But they go forwards howfo- ever, confirmed and animated by a Difcourfe of Tke§don Bezs which came out this yeae,entitu led, De Triplici Epifetptt*, hi which he takes notice of three forts of bilhrpsj tie Bijbop of Divine Irtjiituticn* v. hich hemakes to be no other then the ordi- nary Mimirer of a particular Congregation $ f£ rate Conjinutisn, that is to lav , the Prefideot or Moderator in t Church-allembl. :.d lalt of all, the Devils i re then placed in a per^ctu.il Authoritv r/rei I Diocefs i Province in molt parts ot Chrilrerdom ^ undei which li I- citythcy beheld their Btfhopi in t be Kirk of Sctltn.l. Ami llembly, held at Dm Ifljml) following, it o- eluded, ih.u the office tf i tijhop, m it wss then uJed**dcom' mon'.y t ik;n m thtt KcjIw, t. f innA it: on , ground^ M iff vt in the hdf Scripthret. And thereupon itv.js decreed^ Jt 220 %\yt ^tftojp of tt)e 0?e$toptertan& L i b. V. that all per f on s either called unto that office , or which fijould here after be called unto it,JJjould be required to renounce thefameP as an Office unto which they are not warranted by the Word of God. Butbecaufe fome more moderate men in the next AiTembly held at Glafgovo, did raife a fcruple touching that part of the Decree in which it was affirmed, That the calling of Bijhopswas not war- ranted by the Word of God, it was firft declared by the A (Tern- bly3 th*t they had no other meaning in that Expreffion, then to condemn theeftate of Eifoops as they then ftoodin Scotland. With which thefaid moderate men did notfeem contenteds butdefired that the conclusion of the matter might be refpited to another time, by reafonof the inconvenience which might enfue. They are cryed down by all the reil with great heat and violence ? in- fomuch,that it was propofed by one Montgomery Minifter oistir- ling, that fome Cenfure might be laid onthofewho had fpokenin defence of that corrupted ejtate Nay, fuch was theextream ha- tred to that Sacred Function in the laid Affembly at Dundee, that they ftayed not here , They added to the former, a De- cree more ftrange, inferring, Tta* they foou Id deft fi and ceafe from Preaching, miniffring the Sacraments, or u fin gin any fort the Of- fice of a P aft or in the Church of Chriff, till by fome General af- fembly they were De Novo Authorized and admitted to it? no lower Cenfure then that of Excommunication , if they did the contrary. As tor the Patrimony of the Church, which ftiU re- mained in their hands, it was refolved that the next General Af- fembly (hould difpofe thereof. 49. There hapned at this time an unexpected Revolution in the Court of Scotland, which poffibly might animate them to thefe high prefumptions. It had been the great Matter-piece of the Earl of Morton in the time of his Regency, to fatten his depen- dancemoft fpecially on the Queen of England? without which he faw it was impoflibleto preferve the Kings Perfonsand main- tain his Power againft the practices and attempts of a prevalent Faction, which openly appeared in favour of his Mothers pre- tentions. And in this courfe he much defired to keep the King, when he had took the Government upon himfelf, as before was faid, prevailing with him, much againft the mind of molt of the Lords, to fend an AmbaiTador for that purpofe. Which put fuch fears and jealoufies into the heads of the French, on whom the Scotshzd formerly depended upon all occafions,that they thought fit to countermine the Englifh party in the Court, and fo blow them up. No better Engine for this purpofe then the Lord Efnse Stewart, Seignieur of Aubigny in France, and Brothers Son to Matthew the late Earl of Lenox the Young Kings Grandfather. By him it was conceived that they might not onely work the King to the party of France? but get fome ground for re-eftablifhing the old Religion, or at leaft to gain fome countenance for the Favourers and Profefforsot it. With thefe Inftructions he pre- pares to the Court of Scotland-, makes himfelf known unto the King, L i b . v. %i)t t>i(to;p of rtjc pje sbrtcnans. 22 | King, and by the affability of bis conversion wins fu much up- on him, that no Honoi . r Preferment was thought great enough for fo deat i Kiniuuii. The liarldomof LcnoK being devolved upon the King by the death of his Craodfarher, was firft confer- red on Robert liifhop of Orknay, one ot the Natural Sons of King 'jjrxcsV . Which he, to graftifie the King, and oblige the Favorite, reHgned again into hit bandi i in rccompence whereof, he is pre- ferred unto ' leoi Ba|| of March* As foon ai lie had made rhis 11 ion of the Earldom of Ltn*x9 the King confers it prefintly un X\\\ Aubi^ny, who Ihidied to appear more ler- viceable to him I lay then other. And that his fervice might ippeai the moreconliderahle, a report is cunningly fprcad abroad, that t] of Ahrton had a purpole to convey the King into Eftgltncl \ by means whereof the Scots would forfeit all the Pri- vilc which they held F**mtt. Morton fufficiently clear'J himlelt fr ich pr.utice. But howlocver, the fnfpicion prevailed I , that it w as thought fit by thofe of the Adverlc party to app iut a Lord-Chamberlain, who was to have the care of 1!:^ Majefties P< rfon) and that a Guard of twenty four Noblemen mould be afiigncd to the faid Lord-Chamberlain for that end and pi i| *>!e. Which Ttult and H nnor was immediately Conferred on the Larl of Lenox, whu hid been fwornto the Council opueh about that time, and u ithin Ids then two years after was created Duke. 50. The fudden Preferments of this man, being well known to o. be a profefTed Votary of the Church of Home, tneouraged many Priefts and Jefuits to repair into Scotl.ttuls who were fufficiently practical in propagating the Opinions, and advancing the intereir of that Church. Winch gave occafion to the Brethren to ex- claim againlt him, and many times to fall exceeding foul on the King himfelf. The King appears follicitous for their latisfafti- oni and deals fo effectually with his Kinfman, that he was wil- ling to receive inftruftion from fomeof their Minifrers, by whom he is made a real Profelytc to thePvcligion thencftablilh'd; which he declared, by making profeflion of his Faith in the great Church of F.d<:nborough, andhis diligent frequenting the Church at their Prayeis and Sermons. But it hapned very unfortunately for him, that fome Dilpcnfationsfcnt from Rome were intercepted, where- by the Catholicks were permitted to promife, fwear, fublcrihe, and do what die* mould be required <>f them, if ftill they kept their hearts, and fecretly imployed their eounfels for the Church of Rome. Againft this blow the Gentleman could find do buck- ler, nor wa<; there any ready v. ay cither to take oil the fufpici- ons, or to ftill the clamors which by the Presbyterian Brethren wereraifed againlt him. Their out-cries much encreafed, by the feverities then (hewed to- the Earl of Morton, whomthey cfteem- ed to be a moft allured Friend (as indeed he was) to their Reli- gion, though indeed in all points not corresponding with them to the book of Dilcipline. Forfo it wa , that to break off all ho. 222 %Dc^tfto?p of $e $;te£bytertang. Lib.V. 2582. hopes of faftninga dependanceon the Realm of England ,M:?ton was publickly accufed at tbe Council Table, for being privy to the Murther of His Majefties Father, committed cotheCaftleof Eden borough on the fecond of January , removed to Dunbrittoft on the twentieth : Where having remained above four moneths, he was brought back to Edcnborough in the end of May , con- demned upon the firft of June, and the next day executed : His Capital Accufer being admitted to (it Judge upon him. 51. This news exceedingly perplexed the Queen of England : die had fent Bows and Randolph at feveral times to the King of Scots, who were to ufe their b-ft endeavours as well to le(fen the Kings favour to the Earl of Lenox, asto preferve the life of Morton. Forthe effecting of which laft, a promife was made by Randolph unto fome of his Friends, both of men and money. But as Waltynghatn fent word from France, (he had not took the right courfe to eifecT: her purpofe. She had of late been negligent in paying thofe perfons which had before confirmed the Scots to the Englilh intereft 3 which made them apt to tack about, and toap- ply themfelves to thofe who would bid 010ft for them. And yet the bufinefs at the prefcnt was not gone fo far, but that they might have eafily been reduced unto herdevotion5 if we had now fent them ready money inftead of promifes '-, for v/ant whereof, that Noble Gentleman, fo cordially afle&ed to Her Majefties fer- vice, was miferably calf away. Which quick advice, though it came over-late to preferve his life, came time enough to put the Queen into a way for recovering Her Authority amongft the Scots^ or which more hereafter. Nor were the Minifters lefs troubled at it then the Queen of England, imputing unto Lenox the con- trivance of fo fad a Tragedy. Somewhat before this time he bad been taxed in the Pulpit by Drury, one of the Brethren of Edenborottgh, for his unfoundnefs in Religion, and all means ufed to make him odious with the people. For which committed by the Council to theCaftle of E.dtnborough, he was, not long after, attheearnsft intreaty of his Fellow-Minitvers, and fome promife on his own part for his good behaviour, reftored again unto his charge. But after Mortons death (fome other occafions coming in) he breaks out again, and mightily exclaims againft him 3 in* fomuch, that the King gave order to the Provoft of Edcnborough to fee him removed out of the Town. The Magiftrate advifes him to leave the Town of his own accord : But he muft firft de- mand the pl'eafure of the Kirk, convened at the fame time in an Aftembly. Notwithftanding whofe Mediation, he was forced to leave the Town a little while, to which he was brought 6ack in Triumph within few monethf after. A Faft wasalfokept by or- der of thefaid AiTembly : For theground whereof they alledged, amongft other things, not onely the oppreffion of the Church in general,but the danger wherein the Kings Perfon ftood,by a com- pany of wicked men, who laboured to corrupt himin Religion as well as manners. 52. But LicV. %\)t tyittojp of tl)r p;csbytmans. •p. But no man laid more haftily about him, or came better off then Walter hvh.ifi.fu.it ', anothei i- her of thatCiijr. Who in I Sermon by htm preached, ufed fol rhif purpofe: 7&»l n /////« //.'/< /<;*»• ;r /r; popery bod tmtred ini > the Coutitre) and ( :#, an I might \y vr tile others 'lh.it id prove . lawful. I 224 %ije $f fto*p of $e $# Sbptertans. Lib.V. nefs of Biftjips in theChurch , A? /^ »/e but withal make this proteftation , That though they had appeared to teftfie their obedience to his Majejiies warrant , yet thej did not atkji vledge the King and Council to be competent 'judges in that matter j and therefore that nothing done at that timefiould either prejudge the liberties of the Church, or the Laws of the Lie aim. Which Pro- teQatioh notwithftanding , they were inhibited by the Council from ufing any further proceedings againft the man, and (o de- parted for the prefent. 54. But the next general A (Tembly would not leave him fo, but profecute him with more heat then ever formerly 5 and were upon the point of pailing their judgement on him, when they were required by a Letter mifiive from the King, not to trou- ble him tor any matter about the Biftioprick, or any other caufe preceding, in regard the King refolved to have the bufinefs • heard before himfelf. But Milvin hereupon replyed, That they did not meddle with any thing belonging to the Civil Power \ and that for matters Ecclejiajiical, thiy had Authority enough to pro- ceed againft him, as being 41 Member of their Body. The Mafter of the rxequefts, who had brought the Letter , perceiving by thefe words, that they meant to proceed in it , as they had be- gun, commanded a Mellenger at Arms , whom he had brought along with him, to charge them to defift upon pain of Rebelli- on. This moves them as little as the Letter, and he is fummoned peremptorily to appear next morning, that he might receive his Sentence. Next morning he appears by his Procurator,and puts up u d . v. %i)t i?!ite?p of tip W eta , an appeal fmm th-'in to the K toU Council? the | r. in ;ard that ooc who was his principal Accufcr in flic 1 lembly , was now to fit . :'t hi> Ju-1 ■ neither i Appeal it fclf, nor the >: i:, cot;; rjvail, as tc* hinder them from paflingpreTcntly ro tht \ by wbtch^ upon the fptcilicatu b and recital ot his lev-, i i . . waj ordained to he deprived, and ifi out of the Church. And n the courage ot the man begins ro tail him. He req a pre* lent Conference with fame of the brethren, fa bin in biui the Decrees ot the AfTembly , and pro:ni(eth neither to Bl further with the Bifhopriok, nor to otercife any Office i di- niftry, but as tficy thoull licenfe him thereunto,. B t this in* conftancie he makes- worfe, bv another as bad , for f::id:.v^ the Kings countenance towards him to be very much Chang icfolves to hold the BiftjQprick '-> makes a journey to GUJgom, tnd entring into the Church with a great train of Gentlemen which* had attended himtromthc Court, he puts by I di- nary Preacher, and takes the Pulpit to himfelf. For (his df- lturbance, the Presbytery of theToun lend out Procefs i him, but are prohibited from proceeding by hi* Ma. jetties Wat* rant, prefented by the Mayor of Chfgoxp. But when; re- plyed by the Moderator, Tb.it they would proceed in the c.u notxvithji snding this Wurr.trrt , and that (otne other words v.- multipjyed upon that occafion } the Provolr pulled him out of his Chair, and committed him Prifoner to the Tolcbootb. The next Afjcmbly look on this action of the Prov )Ir. as a foul indig- nity , and profecute the whole matter unto fuch cxtrem;ty3th it notwithstanding the Kings intercefiion , and the advantage which he had againft fome of their number '-, the Provoir was decreed to be excomnuinicated} and the Excommunication for- merly decreed againft Montgomery , wasactuilly pronounced ia the open Church.' 55. The Duke of lenox findes himfelf Co much concerned in the bulinels, that he could not but (up port the man, who foi his fake had been txpolcd to all thefe affronts } he entertains him at his Table, and hears him preach, without regard unto the Cenfures under which he lay." This gives the general Aiicrn- blv a new difplealure. Their whole Authority teemed by thefe action:; of the Duke to be little valued •■> which rather then tricy would permit , they would proceed agjinft him in the - me manner. But firft it was thought fit to fend fome o( their Mem- ber;., as well to intimate unto him that Afoatgimerj was lly excommunicated \ as alfo to prefent the danger in which t-fi id by the ftules of the Discipline, who did 1 h cr- cornnvinicated perfons. The Duke beiag no lels I ?h?n they, demanded in lome choler, Whether id the Supreme Tower ; and therewith plainly told them, Tb.it he :r n comm inded iy the Kins to etitertAiu hint, irb.Jc comm.titu he TTcnld not d if obey fr far of their Cemfnftt, Not fattsficd with ( g this defence, the Com mifli oners of the general Aflembly pre- fented it unto the King amon^ft other grievances } to which' it was anfwered by the Ring, that the Excommunication was il- legal, and was declared to be fo upon very good rxeafons to the Lordsof the Council , and therefore that no manner%of perfon was to be lyable to cenfure upon that account. The King was at this time at the Town of Perth, to which many of the Lords repaired , who had declared themfelves in Mtojgf times for the Faction of England, and were now putjnto good heart by Supplies of money, (according unto W-alfytighxms counfei) which had been fecretly fentunto the*n from the Queen. Much ani- mated, or exafperated rat/her, i*y fome Leading- men, who ma- naged the A-lfairs of the late Affemblies, and fpared not to in- culcate to them the apparent dangers in which Religion (food by the open practices of the Ouke of Lenox, and the Kings crof. fing with them upon all occasions. To which the Sermons of the laft Faft did not add a littles which was purpofe'ly in- dueled, as before was faid, m regard of thofe opprellions which the Kh k was under , but more,becaufe of the great danger which the company of wicked perfons might bring to the King, whom they endeavoured to corrupt b6rh in f\eligion*and Manners. AM which inducements coming together, produced a refoiution of getting the King into their power, forcing theDukeof Lenox to retire into France, and altering the whole Government of the Kingdom as themfelves beft pleafed. 56. But firft,the Duke of Lenox muftbefent out of the way. And to effect this, they advifed him to go to Edenbvrongh., and to erect there the Lord Chamberlains Court , for the reviving of the ancient Jurifciiclion which belonged to his Office. He had not long been gone from Perth, when the King was folemnly invited to the Houfe of William Lord Ruthen ("not long before made Earl of Gorcry ) where he was liberally feafted : but be- ing ready to depart, he was frayed by the Eldeft Son cf the Lord Glammis , (the Matter of Giant mis , he is called, in the Scottifli Dialect) and he was fiayed in fuch a manner, that he perceived himfelf to be under a cuffody. The apprehenlionj whereof, when it drew fome tears from'him, it moved no more compaf- fion nor refpec^ from the froward Scots, hut that it » as fitter for bvyt to foed tears then bearded men. This was the great work of the 23 day of sluguii 5 to which concurred at the firff, to avoid fufpirion, no more of the Nobility but the Earls of Marre and Goxvry , the Lords Boyd and Lindfay , and to the number of ten more of the better fort} but afterwards the aft was owned over all the Nation, not onely by the whole Kirk- party, but even by thofe who were of contrary Faction to the Duke of Lenox, who was chiefly aimed at. The Duke, upon the firft advertifement of this furprize?difpatched fome men of Noble Quality to the King, to know 10 what condition he was, whether Lib.V. lZi);i,..:oi»ofii;;i3;c:L 22j \ betber tree or Car* h e. 1 he K .i Captive, and willed himtorai . i m him them l '■•- I I \ would not li.iu r him to be i the oppreHion of Himl I the< md t; Ion the Duke might n hub th\ 1 ■! in duty oil J-t 1 Thai \ tb rr repairing to bint for ,1 fervice accept a /.>,' t 1 the CumrnonrtriUl i ll.tt . .-re ail us wbatfocvervobicb had levied . • ircestt ..'■,.. VI r.Jtr.unt, Jboutd disband hours* under ■ • Luc more particular! him ro write a Letter to the Duke of / euo < (whom they under- stood to be grown confiderably (rrong for fome prefent avf ion) by which he was commanded to depart the Kingdom, before the 20 of September then next followiog. On thei •:. \ t he withdraws hirhfelf to the ftrong Ca Dun* there he might remain in fafery whilft heftaid in Scotland'* &i from thence pals lately into France v d. 57. Thenewsof this Surprize is polled wij -/.- laud : And prcfently the Queen fends her An, bail King} by whom he was advcrtiled to rclfoie t riot .- gm3 whohad lived an Exile in England fince the death of A£or» in, to his Grace and Favour '■> bur mod efpecially, that in regard of the danger he was fallen into by the perverfc counfejs of the Duke of Lenox, he would interpret favourably whatfoeverhad been dune by the Lordb which were then about him. The fCing wa&able to difeem, by the drift of ihis Ambalfie, that the Queen \. IS privy to the practice } arid that the Ambaliadors were fent thither rather to animate and encourage theC tnfpiratora , th-ii advifewitlthim*But not being willing at that time todifj r Her or them, he ablolutely contents to the reftoriog of the 1 irl ofJlngns^nd to the reft gavefuch a general anfwer, as ga (bme hope, that he was not lo incenfed by this Surprize or" his ion, but that his ditplcafure might 1 miti I on their good :our. And that the Queen of Stott nli'o had the lame ap- preheofions concerning the encouragement which they had from Queen of EugUnd* a| . to that Queen, bearing date at $ f> oni lo which fl intimates unt - That r, Dutj .->nd JuflicCj not to help 1 ruiue ml H rsjbotb /* Scotland 1 I j . I tl Preup- ondid earocfllj perf\i ide her, by 1 . ful of her sons welfare* noil th if. • afj .tirs of Scot • • '■) .ind to 22$ %ty ^tfiojp of ti)e ^egbptetian& l i b. v. to hold them for no other then Tray tors \ who dealt fo with Him at their pleafures. But as Q. Elizabeth was not moved with her complaints, to recede from the bufinefs * fo the Confpirators were refolved to purfue their advantage. They knew on what terms the King ftood with the people of Edenboroughi or might have known it, if they did not, by their Triumphant bringing back of Dury their excluded Minifter, as foon as they heard thefirft news of the Kings Reftrainr. In confidence whereof, they bring him unto Halyrood-Roufe on the Eighth of O&ober , the rather, in regard they underftood, that the General AfTemblyof the Kirk was to be held in that Town on the next day after 3 flf whofe od Inclinations to them, they were nothing doubtfuL, nor was there reafonwhy they (hould. 58. For having made a Formal Declaration to them, concern- ing the neceffity of their repair unto the King, to the end they might take him out of the hands of his Evil Counfel/ors,thcy de- fired the faid AfFembly to deliver their opinion in k. And they, good men, pretending to do all things in the fear of God, and after mature deliberation (as the Aci importetn) firft jujlifie them w that horrid Enterprize, t they had done good) thankful and necejjary fervice to the King and Countrey j and therefore they are to be exonerated of all a&ions Civil or Criminal that might he intended againfi them, or any of them in thai refpe&-> inhibi- ting thereby all the Subje&s to fpeak^ or utter any thing to the contrary, under the pain to be efteemed Calumniators and Di- fperfers of falfe Rumors, and to be punifhed for the fame accord' ingly. The Duke perceives by thefe proceedings, how that cold Countrey, even In the coldeft time of the year, would be too hot for him to continue any longer in it 3 and having wearied hirnfelf with an expectation of fome better fortune, is forced at laft on the latter end of December to put into "Berwick,,, from whence he paffeth to the Court of England, and from thence to France-, never returning more unto his Natural, but Ingrateiul Countrey. The Duke had hardly left the Kingdom, whentwo AmbaiTadors came from France toattone the differences, to me- diate for the Kings deliverance, and to follicite that the Queen (whofe liberty had been negotiated with the Queen of England) might Lib. V. St)c i)ifro:v of tfte tfjcsbptcnans. 22p might be made j it] Hei ^on in the Publick Govern- ment. Which1 Gog to fome zealous Mioifterti mat t' iled ag tinft t bem la thtir Pulpits, calling them Am- baiTadors of that bloody Murthererthc Duke of Guift%& foohlh- ly exclaiming, that the W hite-Crofs which one of them wore upon his (boulders C> of theOrder or t!ie Holy Ghu(t) was ;© of Antiohrift. The King gives order to the Provoft sod other Magiftrates of the City of B^eubor*U£bs that the AmbafTadors fhould be feafted at their going away; and care is taken in providing all things necelTary for the Entertainment. But tht good Brethren of the Kirk., in further maniteltation of their peevifti Follies, Indict a Faff upon that day, takeup the people in their long-winded Exercifes from the morning till night, rail all the while onthe Amba(TadorS$ and with much Eiculty, are diti wadi d from Excommunicating both the Mjgi- ltratts, and the Cu fts to boot. 5^. T!ie time of the Kings deliverance drew on apace, fooner then was1 expelled by any of thofe who h id the cuttody of his perfon. Being permitted to retire with his Guards to Fdlkjsnd^ that he might recreate himfelf in Hunting, winch he much af- fe&ed, he obi to beftow a vitit on hi-; Uncle the Ear! of Afurcb, who then lay inS. Wr.//vjv.r, nottar olF. Andaherhe had tAcnfome retrcihment with him, he procure* leave to the CalUe: Into which hewasnofoooerentredj but Co\»Ste»att the Captain of his Guard (to whom alonehehad communicated his defign) makos fait tht gates jgaiuft the red i and horn thence makis it known to all good Sub jctis, that they ihould repair unto the£ing,whoby Gods great mercy had efoaped from the handsof his Enemies. This news brings thither on the next morning the Earls of Arguilc^ Aljrjb.il, Montrofs and Rot heft j and they drew after ihcm, by their example, huh a general concourfe, that the King finds htmfcU of lutficientltreagrh to return to Edcnborough^ and fromthence, having thewed himfelf tobe in his formcrliber- ty, he goes back to Vcrth. Where farlt by Proclamation, he de- clares the late reftraint of his Perfon to be a moft trcalonableact : but then withal, to manitclt his great affection to the peace of fm Kingdom, he gives a Frceand General Pardonto all men what- foever which had afted in it } provided that they feck it of him, and carry themfelves for the time coming like obedient (ubjects. The Kings efcape was made in the end ot June^ and in December following, he calls a Convention of the Eftates, in which thclub- ject of his Proclamation was approved and verified, thefact de- clared tobe Crimen Idfd M.ijejtdtv^or 1 u ah n in the highelt de- cree. For which, as fome were executed, and others tied* lb divers of the Minifters that had been dealers in that matter, pre- tending they were perfccutcd,had retired into F»»IjkJ. For not- withfranding his Majeftics greatclemency in pardoning t?ie Con- fpirators on luchcalie condition-, they preferred rather the pur - fuing of their wicked purpoles, then the enjoying of a peaceable ind 1583. 23' %ty ^tfto^F of tl)t \Htstyttmti8. Lib.V. and quiet life. For whether it were that they prefumed on fup- pliestrom England, of which they had received no improbable hopes, as afterwards was confeiTed by theEarl of Goivry \ or that they built upon the Kirk-Faction to come in to aid them, as the General AlTembiy had required 5 they begin in all places to pre- pare, for fomenew Commotion , but being deceived in all their hopes and expectations, they were confined to feveral Prifons, before the Convention of "Eftates ■■> and after it, upon a further difcoveryof theirpreparationsand intentions, compelled to quit theKingdome, and betake themielves for their protection unto feveral Nations. Onely the Earl of Goxvry ffaid behind the reft, and he paid well for it. For being fufpecred to be hammering fomenew defign,he. was took Prifoner at Dundee in the April'\o\- lowing, 15^4, thence brought to Edenborough, and there con-, demned and executed, -as he had defcrved. . * In the mean time the Kirk-men wereas trcublefome as the Lay- Confpirators. Dnry^ (o often mentioned , in a Sermon at Eden- borough, had j.ufrified the fact at Ruthenj for which being cited to appear before the Lords of the Council, he flood in maintain- ance of that; which he had delivered > but afterwards fubmitting himfelf unto the King on more fober thoughts, hewaskept upon his goodhehayiour, without further pumQiment. But Andrew Mdvin wasa ma.not another metal 5 who being commanded eo attend their Lordlhipsfor the like offence, declined the judge- ment of the King and Council, as having no cognizance of the caufe. To make which good, he broached thisPresbyterian'Do- ctrine, That w h at fo ever was fpoken in thcPulpit^ ought ffrji to be iryed by the Tresbyieric'-y and that neither the King nor Council were to meddle with it) though the fame were treafonable^ till the Presbyteriehad fir ft taken notice of it. But finding that the King and Council did refolve to proceed. and had entred upon Exami- nation of fome WitneiTes which were brought againft,him,he tojd the King (whether with greater Conhdenceor Impudence is hard to fay) That he preached the Laws both of God and man.For which undutiful Exprefliort, he was commanded Prifoner to the Caffle #f" Blackjtefs, Inftead whereof, he takes Sanctuary in the Town oi Berwick) where he remained till way was made for his return -, the Pulpits in the mean time founding nothing, but that the Light of the Conntrey for Learning and Piety , was forced for fafe- ty of his life toforJ'a\e the Kingdom, fn which Exile he was fol- lowed within few moneths after by Palvart Sub-Dean of Glaf- gow, Galloway and Carmichicl, two inferior Minifiers 3 who be- ing warned to tender their appearance to the King and Council, and not appearing at the time, were thereupon pronounced Re- bels, antj fled after the other. Nor was the General AfTembly held at Edenborough of a better temper then thefe preachers were, hi which the Declaration made at the laft Convention of Effates, was ftoutly crolled andeneountred. -The King, with the' advice of his EPtates, had refolvcd the Fact of furprizing His Majcfties Lib. V. XDc i;.ittQjp of the $jcsbptcn'Art0. 251 Mau fries per ua cd be tri il liable. But the Brethren in the fa id Aihiub.y did not ontly authorise §m I +vow tl > //./ ; I own ~t>it to ir I.'}: SovtfglgB }udgem>-,: t tie ti .il'H ) di 1 or /./.-/? ./'/ th:m to be e x : ■■nf-rin n ale J 1 bit n ul.l J ul'J tribe unto i/jh; I n . 1 1 he King perceiving thai there wai do other way r-.- deal with thefc mentthen to husband the prefencopp irroniry to bis be ft advantage, refolved to proceed agaioft them in I icfa * way, as might ditable them fromt tmmitting'the like iofoleoci for the time tocoine. Thecfiici Incendiaries had been forced to q u il the Kingdom, or Other Wife de'.erted it or their own ac- cords , the better, to efcape the punifhinent which their crimes had merited. The great Lord', on whole itrength they hail mod ptefuuied, were either, tinder the like exile in the neigh- bouiing Countries, or clie fo weakned and Hlfanimated, that they durft not ftir. So that the King being clearly M after of the f ieldjbii Coonfeltors ia good heart, and generally thcLords ar.d Commcn> in goud terns of obedience, ir was.rhought tit to call a Parliament, and therein to enact Inch Laws, by which the honour of Keligion, the j>erlonal fafcty of the King, the peace and happincls of the Kingdom, and the profperity of the Church, might be made iVcurc. In which Parliament it was enjeted amonglt others things, (the better to encounter the* proceedings of the Kirk, and molt Zealous Kirkmcn) That none of his Highmjs Subjects in time coming, Jbttuld pre fume to takj: upon thjm by ivord or writing, tojulhfic the Lite treafonable at • tempt at Kuthen , or to l^tep m regijier- or fore any Book,/ 'ap- proving the jame in any fort. And in regard the Kirk had fa ubtfjca his Majefties go duels, by which their Presbyterial Sel- dom,the general A llemblies,and other meetings of the Kirk,were rather connived at then allowed) an Act was made to regulate and reft rain them for the times enfuing: forby that Act it was ord.iined, 7 hit from thenceforth none fould prtfume or take upon them to Convocate, Convene, or ajjcmble thevtfelvcs together for holding of Councils, Conventions, or Affembltes , to treat, con- fnlt-t or determine in any matters of Eflate,tivil or Ecclcfiaftical^ (excepting the ordinary judgements ) without the Kings fpectal lOmmandment . 62. In the next placc^he Kings lawful Authority in caufes Ec- clclialticaljfo often before impugned,was approved and confirm- ed ; and it u as made trealon tor anv man to refufeto anfwer be- fore the King, though ir were concerning any matter which v..ic F* cclelullical. The third Eft ate oi Parliament (that i>, the BlOlopsJ were relfortd to the ancient dignity , and it was made treafoo tor any man, after that time, to procure the innovjrioti or diminution of the Power and Authority o! any of the three Eftares. And for M much m through the nicked, licentious , pub" Ink and private Speeches , and untrue ealummet of divers h,r lltghncfs fifbjetti (J Jpeak the very words cf the A£r) tothcdif dam 232 %$t $ifto;p ot tt)e $;tegbptetian& L 1 b. V. . —y. t/^i/«, contempt, and reproach of his M&)efly Jiis Council and pro- eetdings ■> jiirring up hk Highnefs fubje&s thereby to mijlikjng^ f edttton , unquietnefs } to caji off thzir due obedience to his Ma.-. jetty: Therefore it 9S ordained, thttnor.eofhisj'ubje&sfljallpre- fume or take upon them privately or publickjy ,in Sermons, Decla- mationS) or familiar ( onferences, to utter any falfe,Jcandalous9 and untrue Speeches^to the dtfdamseproach, and contempt of his JWajefiy-i his Council, and proceedings '-> or to meddle in the affairs of his Hi ghneft-i under pain of treafon.. And laftly, an Act was pafs'd for calling in vt Buchanans Hiftory, that Mafter- piece of Sedition, intiruled , Dejure Regni apud Scotos^ and that moft infamous Libel, which he called , The Dete&ion : by which laft Ads, his Majefty did not onely take care for preventing the like fcandalous and feditious practices for the time tp come 9 but fatisfied himfelf by taking fome revenge upon them in the times foregoing. 63.. The Minifters could riot want intelligence of particulars before thej^were pa fled into Ads. And now or never was the time to beftir themfelves, when their dear Helena was in fuch apparent danger to be ravifhed irom them. And firft 5 it was thought neceflary to fend one of their number to the King, to mecfiate either for the total difmifling of the Bills prepared^ or the fufpending of them at the leaft for a longer time 5 not doubting, if they gained the laft, but that the firft would eafily fellow of it felf. On this Errand they imploy Mr. David Lind- fay, Minifter of the Church of Leith^ a man more moderate then I t^ft, and therefore more efteemed by the King then any other ot that body. And how. far he might have prevailed, it is hard to fay : But Captain James Stewart (commonly callecrthe E&rl ot ArrJm) who then governed the Affairs of that King' dom3 having notice of it, caufed him to be arretted, under co- lour of maintaining intelligence with the Fugitive Minifters in England j impnfoned him tor one night in Edenborongh , and ' fends him the next day to the Caftle of Black»efs> where he re- mained almoft a year. Upon the news of his commitment, Law - fonntid Belcanqual, two or the Minifters of Edenborough^oifoke their Churches, and joy'n themfelves unto their Brethren in Eng- land j firft leaving a Maniftft behind them, in which they pub- lifhed the tveafons of their fudden departure. John Dury: fo often before mentioned, had lately been confined at Montr of s'-, fothat no Preacher was now left in Edenborgugh,ox\.\\e Port ad- |oyning,to intercede for themfelves and the Kirk in that prefent exigent. By means whereof the Ads were pa (Ted without in- terruption, But when they were to be proclaimed, as the cu- ftom is, Mr. Robert Pont , Minifter of St. Cutberts , and one of the Senators of the Colledge of Juftice, (for the good Mi- nifters iright aft in Civil Matters , though the Bifhops might not) tock Inftruments in the hands of a publick Notary, and tppeniy protefted sgainft thofe Ads, never agreed toby theKirk* and LmVL Xtir tyiftozp of rftc i&tstytmans, Q-3 and therefore that neither the Ki k, n.. proclaimed r\ebel,loft his place in th 5 IE tiw, 64 The flying offoman, \ii::. en, | to- in ' tied •> dous opinion whi< 1. • • • tiad raifed, of the Kings I lined to Po* pery : and it began to be (o generally believed, tl at the King round bimfeif under a neceffity ol rectifying his reputation iu rHe eye of the world, by a publick Mdmiftfi. In which he cer- tified as well to his good fubjeds, as to aJJ others what foe ver whom it might concern, as well the j j fV occafion which had moved him to pafs thole Acts, ;is [he great Equity and RLaafun which appeared in them. And aaiongft thcl'c occasions, f.e reckoncth the julrifying of the Fac'r ar Rut hem, by the publick fuffrage or the Kiik^ Melvimt declining of the judgement ot the King and Council •-, the Fair indiftedai the entertainment of the trench Ambail'adors j their frequent general Fafb, proclaimed and kept in all parts of the Kcalin by their Authority, Without his privity ind ct.nfcnt $ the ufurping of the EcclcfiaOical ju- rifdiction bv a certain cumber of Minifters,\md unqualified Gen *- tlcinui, in the Presbyteries and Aflemblies) the alteration of the Laws*, and making new ones at rheir pleafure, which mult bindcthe Subject j the drawing to themfelves of ail fuchCaufes, though properly belonging to the Courts of Jullice, in which w.is any mixture oi fcandal : On which account, they forced all thole alfo to fubmit to the Churches Cepfures, who had beenaccufed in thole Courts, for Marti. er,Theft,or any like enormous crimes, though the party either were abfolved by the Court ir felf, or pardoned by the King after condemnation. Cut all this could not flop tin- M.iuthes, and much lefsftay the Pent of that Wafpifh Sett $ fomc flying out againft the King in their fconilous Libels, bald Pamphlets, and defamatory r\yt limes } others with no lef'9 violence inveighing againft him in their Pulpits, but molt efpe- cially in l-rr'.un.L where they were cut of the Kings reach , and confequently might rail on without fear of puniihmcut. By them it was given out, to render the King odious both at home and abroad , That the King endeavoured ro extinguish the light of the Go!pel,and to that end ha I c riled tho'.e A.Ts to pa (a a - gainft it : Thar he had left nothing of the whole ancient Form of juftice and Polity, in the Spiritual Eftate, but a naked ihad- dow : That Popery was immediately to be cftabliihed, lif God and all good men came not iu to help them : Thar for opposing thefe impieties , thev had been torc.d ro Bee their Country, i fing the Lords Song in a ft range Lxod ) with many o- ther reproachful and calumnious pjlTag s of like odious ua- t ure. 5, But lotfers mjj hxvr Ictrr ts //.'{• . a^ the faying k$ and this barking, they declared fuhSciently that they could not H b htc 234 %ty ^iQiw of tlje $?esbpter*an& L i b. V. bite. I have now brought the Presbyterians to their lowefrfall; but we (hall fee them very fhortly in their refurre&ions. In the mean time it will be feafonable to pail into England , that we tray fee how things were carried by their Brethren there, till we have brought them alfo to thisp.Jnt of time, and then we (hall unitethem all together in the courfeof their ftory. wmmuBr The tnd of the \fiftb5 A E % I V S R H D I V I V V S ( o ft, The Hiftory Of the PRESBYTERIANS, L.B.VI. Containing The beginning progrefs and proceedings of the Puritan- Fasftion /// the Realm of England , in reference to their Innov&lwns both in Detinues and Forms of JVorfljip--, their Oppslhion to the Church > and the Rules thereof i j row the beginning ef the Reign of King Edward VI, 1548, to the Fifteenth year of Queen Elizabeth, Anno 1572. II E Reformation of the Church of EngLind was put in- to fo good a way by King Hekrj the Eighth, that ic w.is no hard tnattcr to proceed upon his beginnings. He bid once declared himfclf Co much in favour of the Church of R#a?f, by u ritingagainfr Afirtm La/6tr,thathe Wai honored witli the Title of DejcvJ'or t'idei for the 1 ftbeFsitk) by Pope£t#X. Which Title he afterwards united by \€t of Par- liament to the Crown of thisReatrrt, Dot tnany years before his 2^6 %8e ^ifis;? of tije ^?c3bptman& Lib.VL be acknowledged by the Prelates and Clergie in their Convoca- tion, for Sttpream Hed on Earth of the Church of England? obtained a promife of them in verbo Sacerdotii (which wasthen .equal to an Oath) neither to make, promulge nor execute any Ec- clefiaOical Conftitutions, but as they mould be authorized there- unto by his Letters- Patents '-, and then proceed unto an Act for extinguishing the ufurped Authority or the Bifhop of tiome. But knowmg whataftrong party the Pope had in England^by reafon of that huge multitudes of Monks and Fryers which depended on him9 he hrft difiblves all Monafreries and Religious Houfes which were not able to difper.d Threehundreo Ma ks of yearly- Rent 5 and after draws in all the reft upon Surrendries, Resig- nations, or feme other Practices. And having brought the work fo tar^hecauftd the Bible to be published in the Engi'fh Tongue 5 indulged the private reading of it to all perfons of quality, and to fuch othersalfoas were of known judgement and discretions commanded the Epiftle's and Gofpels, the Lords Prayer, the Creed.and the Ten Coirtmandmenr,to be rehearfed openly to the people on every Sunday and Holy Dav in the Englilh Tongue^ and ordered the Le any aifo to be read inEnglim upon Wednef- days and Fridays. He had caufed moreover many rich Shrines and Images to be defaced, fuch as had mofi: notorioufly been abufed byOblations, Pilgrimages, and othcrthe likeaclsof ido- latrous Worfliip j and was upon the point alfo to abolim the Mafs it felf , concerning which he had fome fecret communication with the French Ambaflador, if Fqx fpeak him rightly. 2. But what he did not live to do, and perhaps never would have done, bad he lived much longer, was brought to pafsinthc next Reign of King, Edward VI. In the beginning whereof, by the Authority of the Lord Protector, the diligence of Archbilhop Cranmeri and the endeavours of many t ther Learned and Religi- ous men, a Book of Homilies was let out to inftrucl: Jthe people $ Injunctions pubiifhed for the removing of all Images formerly abufed to Supetftition, or falfe and counterfeit in themfelves. A. Statute paft in Parliament for receiving the Sacrament in both kinds, and order given to the Archbilhop of Canterbury , and fome other Prelates, to draw a Form for the Adminiftration of it accordingly, tothe honor of God, and themoft Edification of all geed people. The news whereof no fobner came unto Ge- neva-) but Calvin mu-ft put in for afhare ? and forthwith writes his Letters to Archbilhop Cranmer^ in which he offereth his af- ililance to promote thefervice, if he thought it neceflfary. But neither Cranmer0 Ridley ^nox any ofthereft of the Englifh Bifliops, could fee any fuchnecefiity of it , but that they might be able to do well without him. They knewthe temper of theman3howbufie and pragmatical he had been in all thofe places in which he had been fuffered to intermeddle 5 that in fome points of Chriftiaa Doctrine he differed from the general current of the Ancient Fa- thers 0 and haddevifed fuch a way of Eccleliaftical Polity, as was Lib. vi %i)?iiittoi?dt ttptyttfo&ttvu \v.,sddfi" rivein itfelf t< . lcred IIkt.iiJ'.v, ;ii:J . ad been heard or in all Antiquity. Bui becaufeth I vc hi m oo ice, it was re Co U'< ca t r y on l •lull hands, r;!l i • Pub lick Litui if!: i ! >n- rained. And that being done, ir i >per, it they nf c rtai.i ! men of the Pi reading i he Divii , and mod era* rin", I )ii putati wis in b nth Cfoii id thatthcyoun Stu I a\ might be trained up in found Orthod »x Do&rine, On ich account they invited F.f.iriin i ranc) Peter MJsrtjr, t ntrrenr parts and Learning, to come over to them 5 the one of which din0x#»,and the ether at Cambridge. 1 his mighi I ive troubled Ctlvin more then his own repulfe, but that elffufliciently a flu red o/i Peter didrtjr twh6 by reafon of his long living amongft the .sir//:...//, and his n Neighborly od to (. ■•?-.•;, might pofiibly be governed by hisDi- :ions. But becanfe Buccr had no fuch dependance on him , and had withal been very much converfant in the Lutheran ( urehes, ke< unlet in all his Reformations in a moderate conrfe; hepraftifethto gainhimalfo, riratleafl to put him into fuch a way as might come neareft to 1 i> own. Upon which grounds he ports away his Letters to him, congratulates his invira- tioainto England \ but above all, adVifeth him to have acare that he endeavoured nnt there, as in other places, either to be the Author or Approver of fuch moderate counfcls, by which the parties mi^ht be brought to a Reconcilement. 9. For the fatisfacrionof thefc ll rangers but the Ia(t efpcc'ully, the Liturgie i • tranflated ioto Latineby Alexander dlcjtuf, a right Learned Scot. A Copy of ' whofe Tranfl ir ion, OS the I urn then ut, being fent to Cdluin, ad mini ft red no fmall matter of offence unto him , not fo mu:h becaufe any thing tn it could be judged olfenfive, but hecaufe it io much diiiered from rhofe of his own conception. be people of England hid received it as an hea- venly treafurc fent down by ( '.eat mercy to them '-, all mo- derate m 11 beyond the Seas, applauded the felicity ot the Church of England, in fa fh toning fuch an excellent Form of Gods Pub- lick Woilhip 5 anJ by the Act of Parliament which confirmed the fame, it was declared to have been clone ij the fpecial aid of the Holy Gooft. But C.tlv:* was rcfolvcd to think, otherwile it, declaring his diQike th rtof inalon^. Letter written to the Lord Protector:In which he eicepteth m -re particularly againft mmeoioration of thedead \ th notw'lth* ftai ry ancient ,) a> alfo againft CbriiTm, or()vl in Ra. and the Form of tfifiting the lick s and th doth, well thefe, as all the red of the Elites and Ceremonu be cut off at once. And that - prove Be, be gives us fuch a rXuk or EVeafon, as afterwards .re trouble to the Church of Fnrl ml then his Luc i e, 238 %\)t i^fto?p of tl>e i^es&ptertensf. lib.vi. vice. His Rule is this, That in carrying on the worJ^of aKefor- mation-) there if not any thing to be ex ailed , which is not warrant- ed and required by the Word of God .• That in fitch cafes there if no Rule left for worldly wifdom, for moderation and compliance § ■but all things to be ordered ^a>s they are directed by hif will revealed* What life his Followers made ot their Matters Rule, in crying down the Rites and Ceremonies of this Church (as Snperflitious^ AntJchrijUan , and what el fe they pleafed ) becaufe not found exprcfly and particularly in the Holy Scriptures , we fhall lee hereafter. In the mean time, we muff behold him in his Applicationstothi? King and Council, his tampering with Archbifbop Canmer, his practising on men of all conditions to eqcreafe his party, for finding little benefit to redound unto him by his Letter to the Lord Protector,hefetsupon the Kinghimfelf 5 and tells him plain- ly, that there were many things a-mifs which required Reforma- tion. In his Letters unto the King and Council, as he writesto Bullinger, he had excited them to proceed in the good work which they had begun j that is to fay, that they mould fopro- ceed as he had directed. With Cranmer he is more particular and tells him in plain terms, 7 hat in the Liturgie of this Church, as then it flood, there remained a whole mafs of Popery , which did not onely blemijlj, but deftroy Gods Publicly tPcrjhip, But fear- ing he might not edifie with the godly King, affifted by fo wife a Council, and fuch Learned Prelates, he hath his Emiffaries in the Court, and amongft the Clergies his Agents in the City and Countrey, hisInteUlgeucers (one Monfieur Nicholas amongft the jeff) inthe Univerfity. All of them active and induffrious to advance his purpofes^but none more mifchievoufly practical thera "john Alafco, a Polonian born, but a profeft Calvian both in Do- ctrine and Forms of Worfhip, who coming out 01 Poland with a mixed Congregation, under pretence of being forced to fly their Countrey for profefling the Reformed Religion, were gratified with the Church of Augufline- Fryers in London for their pubiick ufe ; and therein fuffered to enjoy their own way, both in Wor- ship and Government, though in both exceeding different from the Rules of this Church. In many Churches of this Realm the Altars were left ftanding as in former times, and in thereft the holy Table was placed Altar-wife, at the Eaft-end of the Quire. But by his parry in the Court, he procures an Order from the Lords of the Council, for caufingthefaid Tableto be removed,, and to be placed in the middle of the Church or Chancel, like a common Table. It was the ufage of this Church to give the holy- Sacrament unto none but fuch as kneeled at the participation according to the pious order of the 'primitive times. Butjf^* \AlafcocoKi'ug out of Poland, where the Arrians (who deny the Divinity of Chrift our Saviour)had introduced the ufeof firting , brought that irreverend cuff om into England with him. And nor. cogent with giving fcajidal to this Church by the ufle thereof in bis Li b . vi. %t)c fyiOozp of tlyt ^csbptenans. 39 his own Congreg tion . he publimeth a Pamphlet in defence of that irreverend and iawcv gelturc, becauSe molf proper tor a Supper. The Liturgie had appointed fever a I Olhccs for ma- ny of the Feftivah oblcrved in the moft regular tim s ot Cirilri- anity : Some or the Clergy in the Convocation mult be fet on -ah toquertiotjthecom ie,if not the lawluIncSs of thofe observations, conlidering that all days are alike 5 and therefore to be equally regarded in a Church Reformed. And Some there were which railed a Scruple touching the words which were prescribed to beuled in the delivery of the Bread and Wine to the Congregation. 5. Not t" proceed to more particulars, let it fuffice thattheSe Etnidaries did fo ply their work, by the continual foil kiting of the King, the Council, and the Convocation, that at the lair the Hook was brought t > a review. The product or rcfult whereof wastlu 1 Lit urgic, confirmed in parliament Anno 5,6 Edw. 6. By thctenour of which /Vtitmay appear, firfr, that there was nothing contained in the [aid Book, but what was agreeable to the Word of GocL **d the Yrimitive Church, very comfortable to all good peopU dejirrng to live in Cbriflian convcrfation , and mojt pro fit. 1 blc to the Fit ate of t^,- Realm. And Secondly, That Juch doubts *s had been raifed in the n]e and excrcifc thereof, proceeded rather from the cur/ojity of th-: Afimjier and Mijtak,crty then of any other worthy raufc . And thereupon we may con- clude, that the rirfr. Liturgie was djlcontinued , and the fecoud Superinduced upon it after this review , to give Satisfaction unto Calvin t Cavils, the curiofities of fome,and the miftakes of others of his Friends and Followers. But yet this would not Serve the turn$ they muft have ail things modelled by the Form of Geneva^ or elfe no quiet to be had : Which iince they could not gain in Twglandfxn the Reign of King Edwjrd (who did not long out- live the Setling of the Second Lktlfgx) they are reSolved more eagerly to purSue the project in a Fo 1 cign Country, during their exile and alHi&ion in the Reign of Queen Mary. Such of the Englifh as retired xoEmbclen,strasburg^Baj\l, or any other of the Free and Imperial Cities, oblcrved no Form of Worfhip iu their Poblick Meetings , but this Second Liturgie. In contrary whereof, Such as approved not of that Liturgy when they were in England, united thcmSelveVintoa Church or Congregation in the City of Frank for t, where they Set up a mixt Form of their own deviling, but Such as carried lorn ■ r Semblance to the Book of England. U'hittingham waN the lir(t <• ho took upon himSelf the charge of this Congrcgationjwhich after he religned to Knox, as the fitter nun to carry on the work in ended .who having re- tired to Geneva on the death of King E iward, and from thenco publiihed Some tedious Pamphlets agamlr the Regiment or Wo- men, and o-hcrwife defamatory of the Emperour and the Queen of England, was grown exceeding dear to Calvm and the relf of that Confiftory. By his indeavours, . nd the forwardneSs of too 240 %fyt tytitizv of ti)t pitsfytmms. Lib. VI. too many of the Congregation, that little which was ufed of the Engliih Liturgie was quite laid afide, and all things brought more near the Order which he found at Geneva $ though Co much differing from that alfo, as tointitle Knox for the Au- thor of it. 6. T he noife of this great Innovation brings Gryndaland Cham- hen from the Church of Strasburgto fet matters right. By whom ic was purpofed, that the fubjiance of the Engliuh Book being lUii retained, there might be a torbearance of fume Ceremonies and Offices in it. But Knox and Whittmgham were as much btnt pgaioft the fubftance of the Book, as againft any of the Cir- cumftantials and Extrinfecals which belonged unto it. So that no good effect following on this interpofition, the Agents of the Church of Strasburg return back to their brethren, who by their Letters of the 13 ot December expoftulate in vain about it. To put an end to thefe Difputes, no better way could be devifed by Kndx and Whittingham^ then to require the countenance of Calvin, which they thought would carry it. To him they fend aa Abftra&of the Book of England , that by his pofitive and de- terminate Sentence (which they prefumed would be in favour of hisown) it might ftand or fall. And he returns this Anfwer to iln Lhtir- them, a That in the Book^of England, <# by them defcribed^he hid gia Angli^ obferved many tolerable Fooleries} that though there was no ma' Icramihi nlfeft impiety » yet it wanted much of that purity which was to be defcrlbitut defrred in it $ and that it contained many fieli&s of the dregs of w.tlt of video popery : and finally, that though it was lawful to begin with fuch !v5T,;i/W beggerty Rudiments , yet it bthvoved the Learned, Godly and Grave Mini\icrs of Chrijt, to fet forth f onset h>ng more refined from Filth and Ruslinefs. Which Letter fee at large inthe full Book of this Hiftory, Number 17. This Anfwer fo prevailed upon all his Followers, that they who fometimes had approved, did now as much difbke the EngUJJ) Liturgie } and thofe who at fir ft had conceived a diflike ihereof, did afterwards grow in- to an open deteftation of it. In which condition-pf Affairs, Dr. Richard Cox, Dr. Home, and others of great Note and Qjality, put theinfelves alfo into Frankfort; where they found all things contrary to their expectation. Cox had been Almoner to King Edward VI, Chancellor of the Univerfity of Oxon, Dean of tVefi- minjier, one that had a chief hand in compofing the Englifb Li* turgie i, which made him very impatient of fr.ch Innovations, a» mounting to no lefs then a total rejection of it, as he found a- mongft them. By his Authority and appointment, the EngUfls Litany is firft read, and afterwards the whole Book reduced in- to ufe and practice. Againft which when Knox began to rail in a publick Sermon, ( according to his wonted cuftom) he is accufed by Cox to the Senate of Frankfort for his defamatory writings againft the Einperour and the Q;ieen of England' Up- on the news whereof, Knox forfakes ihe Town, retires himfe'f unto his Sanctuary at Geneva, and thither he is followed by a great inept 1 us. . \ i. *)t i)!l>ojipoftf3cp:csbytcnan5- -4 . ... -if A at their comi 7. Bur : r rhc 1 ■ . rrr fl by rhc i.uin T he ( he 1 ail Sacred Ofl , itfd Caif #/ in the official Mr. ft pre cri'l ed a"fo a dlffind h i!'ir in rhe Cle fl of tin ■ p( ndChinietes for the Bifliop ; . , 7 rppett, and Canonical Coats for the reft oftru I fquare c rjttot all. Their opposition i:i theufeof rhe Surplice, mi pod fir med and countenanced , as well by the writings, .is the! practice i r Martyr $ who kept! a con ft a tit iotercourfe with Calvin at*his being here. Fdr m his Writings hedecfai to a Friend of his, (who recfui judgement in rhc cafe) that fuch Vefrmcnts being in tEemfelves indiff rent, could tn no man godly or ungodly, either b.y forbearance < r the ufe there- of 5 but that he thought ir more e\ pedK.it to the goi d of the Church) that they and all others of that kinde (h< uld be rak n aWayj when the nett convenient opportunity (hould prefenrit felt. Which judgement as he grounds ipon€«/v/**s Rule^ that roth in g llu u!d be .icted in a Reformation w hich is h -t wstrdhi • i exprclly b\ the Word of God 3 Co he adds this to it of his o\ that where there is 4b much contending for thefe outward mat- ters, there is but little ore of the trueReligion. And rjeaflur.es us of himfelf Cin point of practice) that though he wer6 a Can< n of Chrjji-Churth-) and diligent enough in attending Divme Ser- vice as the others did, yet he could never be perfwaded to ufe that V eft men t 5 which inuft needs animate all the reft ot the I mtvfatis to forbear ir alio. The like was done by John Alifio^ in crying down the Regular habit oi the Clergie betote defcrib'd. In u !u 'I'ng little by nis own authority, be writes to Bncer to duclare againft it} and for the lame wasmoft ievcre- Jy reprehended by that moderate and learned mm , and all his cavils Mid objections very foltdly anfwered. Which being fent unto him in the way of a Letter , was afterwards print- ed and difpcrfed,f6t keeping down that oppolite humour, which began then to over* fwell -the Banks, and tbreatned tbbear all before it. But that which made the great eft noife, was the ^mi- age of Mr. John Hooper^ Lord K I c .ft of Gloxccjier, who laving lived intoned theSwitzers in the time of King Henryt d drat1 choofe to be denied his Confecraron, rnen i»o receive h in th t habit which belonged to his Order. At firfttht Earl of (who utter Was Duke of N4rlbnml>erlamd') interceded for him, and afterwards drew in the King to u ne in tl . nefs, Bi-e Crmnmer, Jlr<(7er,and the reft ot the ftifhbps who were m-.ft cc vcrned, craved leave nor to obey His M l$C It ie ag;: in.r his Law--, andintheend prevailed Co far, that He* pet for has confuma minuted Prifoner i and from rhePrifbn writes his Letters to Martin Encet and Tetdr Mattjr, fo# their opinion in the c.ii'e. J i Fr , 24 * . 3Ct)e $tBc?p of t&e $jesUptman& Li b . v i. From the tall: of which, who had declared himfelf no Friend to the Englifh Ceremonies, he might prefume of fome encourage- ment, the rather, in regard that Calvin had appeared <5n his be- half, who muft needs have a hand in this quacrel alfo.^^For un- derftanding how things went, he writes unto the Duke of Som- merfet to attone the difference, not by perfwading Hovper to conform himfelf to the received Orders of the Church, but to lend the man a helping hand, by whichhe migjit be able to hojd out againft all Authority. 8. But Hooper being deferted by the Earl of Warwick.* and not daring to relie altogether upon Calvins credit, which was un- able to fupport him, fubmits at laft unto the pleafure of his Me- tropolitan, and the Rules of the Church, So that in fine the bufi- nefs was thus compromifed ; that is to fay , That he Jhonld receive his Confecration attired in his Epifcopal Robes : That he JJjoi$ld be difpenfed withal from wearing them at ordinary times as his daily habits '•> but that he (honld be bound to ufe them whenfo* ever he preached before the King in hh own Cathedral , or any other place of like publicly nature. According to which Agree- ment,being appointed to preach before the King, hefh >wed him* felf apparelled in his Bifhops Robes $ viz- A long Scarlet Chi mere reaching down to the ground tor his upper Garment (changed in Queen Elizabeths timetooneof black Sattin) and under that a white linen Rochet, with a Square Cap uponhis head. IhisFox reproachethby the name of a Popifo Attire, and makes it to be a great caufe of Jhame and contumelie to that godly man. But not- withftandihgthe fubmiflion of this Reverend Prelate,too many of the inferior Clergie were not found fo ttacTable in their confor- mity totheCapand Tippet, ttaeGown, and the Canonical Coat 5 the wearing whereof was required of them, whenfoever they ap- peared in publick : Being decrye'd alfo by Alafco and the reft of the Zuinglians or Calvinians, as a Snperfitiom 4and Fopijli At" tire, altogether as unfit for Mantlets of the Ifoly Gofpel, afs the Chimereand Rochet were tor thofe who claimed to be the Suc- ceffors of the Lords Apoftles. So Tyms replied unto Bifhop Gardiner, when being asked whether a Coat, with ftockins of divers colours, were a fit apparel for a Deacon : He fawcily made anfwer, that his Vefiure did not Jo much vary from a Dea- eons,ashts Lordfiips did from that of an Apoftle. Which paffage, s as well concerning the debates about the Liturgie, as about the Veftments, I have here abbreviated, leaving the Reader for his farther fatisfaction to the Hiftory of the Reformation not long fince publifhed, in which they are laid down at large in their times and places. 9. Nor did they work lefs trouble to theQiurch in thofe early days,by their endeavouring to advance fome Zninglian Doctrines, by which the blame of a 11 mens fins was either charged upon Gods will, or his Divine Decree of Predeltination. Thefe men are called ia Bilhop Hoopers Preface to the Ten Commandments, by the i ib. v i. 3U)e i)\(toiv oftUc #jc0bptcnan& the name of Gofpel/err, for making their new Doctrines fuch a neceilary part or our Saviours Gofpcl, as if mcncould not pof- libly be faved without ir. Thefe Doctrines they began to pro- pagate in the Keign of King Edward) but never were fo bufic at it, as when they lived at Geneva, or came newly thence. For \\ti\ tKnox publifbetha boo! tgainft an Afvcrfary of GodsPrede- . jimjtions wherein it is declared, That wbatj'oever the Ethmckj andignorant did attribute to Fortune, by C brilliant is ti be uf- jigncd to Gods heavenly Providence : 1 bat tpe ought to fltdgi no- shing to comeof Fortune, hut that all cometh by the determinate tounjelof God: And finally, that it would be dijpleajing unto Cod, if we elleem any thing to proceed from any other } and that ne do not onely behold him as the principal canfeof all things, but alfo the Author,appointmg alt things to one or the other by bts one- ly Counfel. Attcr9came out abookfirfr written in French, and aiterwards by fome of them trantlared into Englifh, which they called, A brief Declaration of the Table of Predejtination ; Irj which is put down tor a principal Aphorifm, '1 hat in likje manner as God hath appointed the end, it isnecefjary that be Jb on Id ap- point the caufes leading to the fame end j but more particularly^ That by virtue of Gods will all things are done, yea, even tbofc things which are evil and execrable, \o. At the fame time came out another of their books, pre- tended to be writ Againjl a privy Papiil, as the Tit'e tells us j wherein is maintained more agreeably to Calvtns Doctrine, That all evil fpringetbof Gods Ordinance, and that Gods Predeftina* tisn was the caitfe of hdimsfaB, and of all wicks dnefs. And in a fourth book published by Robert towley, who afterwards was Rector of the Church of S. Giles near Cnpplegdtt , intituled, The confutation of Thirteen Articles $ it is laid cxprcfly, That Adam being fo perfe& a creature tb it there was in him no lull to fn, and yet Jo weal^ that of htmfelf he was not able to refifi the ajfault of the fub tilt Serpent , that therefore there can be no re- medy, but ibat the onely caufe of bh fall mujl needs be the Pre- defiination of God. In which book it is alfo laid, That the moil wicked perjoni that have been, were of God appointed to be wicked even as tb?y were: Thttif God do predeflmate a man to do things rajl.'ly, and without any deliberation , he fh all not deliberate at all, but run headlong upon it be it good or evil : And in aword^ Tbit We are compelled by Gods Predeflination to do tbofe things for which we arc damned . By which Defendersof the abfolute De- cree of rleprobation, a> Cod is made to be Author of (in, either in plain terms, or undeniable confequence } fo from the fame men, and the Gencvian Pamphlets by them difperfed, our Eoglifh Calvtntjlt have borrowed all their Grounds and Principles on which they build the abfolute and irrefpeftive Decree of Pre- deflination, contrary rothe Doctrines publickly miintained and taught in the Church of England in the time of King Edward, and afterwards more clearly explicated under Qjicen Elizabeth. It? 1 j Suck 247 a44 1753. %\)z ^tftojp of #e ^esbpterfans. Lib.VL n. Such was the pofture of affairs at Queen Elizabeths firft coming to the Crown of England , when ro the points before difputed both at hoas&and abroad, was raifed another of more weight and confequence then all the reft jand fuch, as (if it could be gained), would bring on rhe other. Such as had lived inexiie amongft the Zwitzersf or followed Knox at his return unto Ge- nevus became exceedingly enamored of Calvins Platform } by which they found Cq much Authority afcribcd unto the Minifters ' in the feveral Churches, as might make them abfolute and icde- pendant, without being called co an account by King or Biftiop, This Difciphne they purpofed to promote ar their coming home 5 and totfat end, leaving fome few behind them to attend the fi- nishing of the Bible with the Genevian Notes upcn it, whicfcwas then in the Prefs, the reft return amain for England to purfue the Project". Bur Cox had done their errand before they came} and (he had heard fo much frpm others 01 their carriage at Frankfort, arid their untractablenefs in point of Decency and comely Order in the Reign of her brother, as might fufficiemly forewarn fur nor to hearken to them. Befides, (he was not to be tojd wh'.x what reproachts Calvm had revi'ed her Siftsr, ncr how (he had been perfecuted by his followers in the time of her Kefgn } fome of them railing ar her perfon in thair fcandalous Pamphlets jforhe practicing by falfe, but dangerous allufions, t<% fubvert her Go- vernment 5 and others openly praying to God, That he would ei- therturn h:r heart, or put an end to her days. A ad of thefe mcrj (be was to gtve her felf no hope, but that they would proceed with her in the felf-fame manner, whensoever any thhig (houid be done (how neceffary and juft feever) u hic'H might crofsr heir humours. The confideration whereof was of fuch prevaJency withthofe of her Council, who were then deliberating about the altering of Relig on, that amongft other remedies which were wifely thought of to prevent fuch dangers as probably might enfueuponit, it was refolved to have an eye upon thefe men, who were fo hot in the purfuit of their flattering hopes, that out of adefireof Innovation (as my Author tells me) they were bufied at that very time in letting up a new Form of Ecclefiafti- cal Polity, and therefore were to befuppieft with all care and ddigence before they grew unto a head. 12. But they were men of harder metal then to be broken at the fiift blow which was offered at them. Queen Maries death being certified to thofe of Geneva, they prefently difpatchedthejr Letters to their Brethren at Frankfort and Arrow j towhich Let- ters of theirs, an anfwer is returned from Frankfort on the third, from Arrow on the 16 of January : And thereupon it is refolved to prepare for England, before their party was fo funk, that it could not without much difficulty be buoyed up again. Some of their party which remained all the time in England, being impa- tient of delay, and chufing rather to anticipate then expect Au- thority, had fet themfelves on work in defacing Images, demo- limicg Lin. vi. xi)c h)\aowoftl)i$»cs\)vtttiM& H5 lifting the Altars 5 and might h ivc made foul work, it notlropped in. time. Others 1 eganaj haliily to preach theProtcffant Do- ctrine, in private I loule> lirlr, and afterwards as opportunity was offered, in the open Churches: Great multitudes of people re- forting to them without Mule or Order. To give a check to whofe forwardness, the Queen lets out her Proclamation in the end of December } by which lhe gave command, That no Inno- vation fJjould In- m.t U in the State of Religion, and that all per- sons fbould conform themj'elves for theprcfent to the pratticcr of Her M.ijcj.ics ihappel-, t/tlitiv.is othcnvtje appointed. Another Proclamation was alio iflued, by which all preaching was pro- hibited, but by fuch ouely as were licenfed by her Authority 5 which was not like to eouutcnance any men of fuch turbu- lent fpirits. The news whereof much halfned the return of thofe Zealous Brcthien, who knew they might have better fjfhingin a troubled water, then in a q tier and compofed. Calvin makes ufe alfo of the opportunity, c ireets his Letters to the Queen and Mr. Secretary Cecil, in hope tiiat nothing (hould be done but by his advice. The contrary whereof gave matter of cold com- fort both to him and them, when they wcregiven to underffand, that the Liturgie had been rcvifed and agreed upon: That it was made more pail able thea before with the Roman Catholicks •■> and that not any of their number was permitted to act any thing in it, except Whitehead onely, who wasbut half theirs neither, ind perhaps not that. All they could do in that Conjuncture, wasto find fault with the Tranllation of the Bible which was then in ufe, in hope that their Gcnevun Edition of it might be entertain- ed j and to except jigainU the paucity of fit men to ferve the Churcn, and rill the vacant places of it, on the like hopes that they thcmfelvcs mi^ht I* preferred to fupply the fame. 13. And it is pojlible enough., th.:t either by the mediationof Calvin, or by the intcrceiiion of Vc.tr Martyr ("who wrote un- to the Queen at the lame time alfo) the memory of their former Errors might have been obliterated, if Knox had not pulled more back with one hand, then Calvint Martyr and the reft could ad- vance with both. For in a Letter of his to Sir William Cecily dated April the 34, 1559, he firft upbraids him withconfentiug to the fupprcfflngof Chrijis true^Evangel, to the erc&tng of idola- try, and to ihcficdding of the blood of Codi moji dear childrcn,du- rwg the Reign of Miichievous;i/jr/,that protciFed Enemy of God, as he plainly calls her. Then he proceeds to julrifie his trcafon- ableaod icditious book againft the Ivegiment of Women. Of the truth whereof he positively atfirmeth that he no more doubtetb, them that he doubted that was the voyce of God which pronounced tbkfcn- tencc upon that Sex , That in dolour they j/'ould bear their children. Next he declares in reference tothePerfon of Queen Elizabeth, That he could willingly acknowledge her to be tatfed by God, for the manifcjlatioH of his glory , although not i\T aturt 'oncly,but G odt own Ordinance did oppugn fuch Regiment. And thereupon he doth «559 24rf %ty ^iftojp of tfte 0jesfoptetian& l t *. v i. \ i .J doth infer, That if Queen Elizabeth would confefi, that the extra- ordinary Difpenfations of Gods great mercy did mak^e that law- ful in her, which both "Nature and Gods Laws did deny in all wo- men heftdes , none in England Jlwuld be more ready to maintain her lawful Authority then himfelf. But on the other fidehepro- nounceththis Sentence on her, That if foe built her Title upon Cu- JiomtLaws and Ordinances of men 3fuch foolifl) prefumptionwould grievoufly offend Gods Supreme Majeftie, and that her ingratitude in that kjndfoouldnot longlacl^ yunifoment. Tothefame purpofe he writes alfo to the Queen Herfelf , reproaching her withal, That for fear of her life foe had declined from God^bowed to ido- latry, and gone to Mafs, during the perfecution of Gods Saints in the time of her Sifter. In both his Letters be complains of fome ill offices which had been done him, by means whereof he was denyed the liberty of Preaching in England : And in both Letters he endeavoured to excufe his flock of late affembled in the mc ft godly Reformed Church and Cityof Geneva, from being guil- ty of any offence by his publishing of the books the blame whefe- 5 of he wholly takes upon himfelf. But this was not the way to \ deal with Queens and their Privy Counsellors 5 and did effect fo -_!' little in relation to himfelf and his flock, that hecaufed a more watchfull eye to be kept upon them , then poifibly might have been otherwife, had he fcribled lefs. • 14. Yet fuch was the neceffity which the Church wasunder3that it was hardly polTiblc to fupply all the vacant places in it, but by admitting fome of the Genevian Zealots to the Publick Mini- ftery. The Realm had beenextreamly viilted in the year fore- going with a dangerous and Contagious Sicknefs, which took away almoft half the Bifhops, and occafioned fuch Mortality ! amongft the reft of the Clergy, that a gteat part of the Parochial » i Churches were without Incumbents. The reft of the Biftiops, i twelve Deans, as many Archdeacons,Fifteen Matters of C olledges and Halls* Fifty Prebendaries of Cathedral Churches, and about Eighty Beneficed-men were deprived at once, for refuting to fub- jnit to the Queens Supremacy. For the filling of which vacant places, though as much care was taken as could be imagined to frock the Church with moderate and conformable men, yet many paft amongft the reft, who either had not hitherto difcovered their d if- affections, or were connived at in regard of their parrs and learning. Private opinions not regarded, nothing was more confidered in them then their zeal againft Popery , and their abilities in Divine and Humane ftudies to make good that zeal. On which account we find the Queens-ProfefTor in Oxford to pafs amongft the Hon- Con for mi ft s, though fomewhat more moderate then the reft 5 and Cartwrightthe Lady Margarets in Cambridge, to prove an unextinguished fire-brand to the Church of England $ Wittingham the chief Ring-leader of the Fr Jw^rf-Schifmaticks, preferred unto the Deanry of Durham, from thence encouraging Knox and Goodman in letting up Presbyterie and feditionin the Kirk ; 1 • 1 ...i l i b. v i %l)t ijtttojp of t\}z 0KsbFttttait0. 247 Kirk of Scotland Sampjon advanced unto the Dcanry of Chrift- Cburch, and not long ^tter turn'd out again tor an incorrigible Non-Cenformijl. 11 trdiman, one of the lirft twelve Prebendsof Wcftminfier, deprived loon after, for throwing down the Altar, and defacing the Veftmentsof the Church. And if fo many of them were advanced to places of note ajid eminence, there is do queftiuntobe made, but that Come numbers 01 them were admit- ted unto CouBtrey-Curcf 5 by means whereof, they had as great an opportunity as they could defire, not onely to difpute their Genevian Doctrines, but to prepare the people committed to them for receiving of fuch Innovations both in Worfhip and Go- vernment, as were rcfolvcd intimc convenient to beput upon them. 15. For a preparative whereunto, they brought along with 1560. them the Gcncvun Bible, with their Notes upon it, together with Ddvids ? faints in Englilh metre} that by the one they might ef- fect an Innovation in the points of Do&rine, and by the other bring this Church more neer to the Rules of Geneva in fome chief arts of Publick Worfhip. .For to omit the incongruities of the Traniht ion, which King James judged to be the worft that he had ever fcen in the Englilh Tongue, the Nores upon the fame in many places favour of Sedition, andinfomcof Faction, deftru- itiveof the Perfonsand Powers of Kings, and of all civil inter- courfe and humane fociety. That Learned King hath told us ia the Conference at HafHpton-Court, that the Notes on the Gene- vian Bible were partial, untrue, fedittous, and favouring too mud) of dangerous and trayterons conceits. For proof whereof heinftanced in the Note of Exod. 1. v. 19. where they allow of difobedience unto Kings and JJoveraign Princes: And fecondly,in that on 2 Chron.M-. «5,i6. where Aja is taxed for not putting his Mother to death, but depofing her onely from the Regency which beforefhe executed. Of which laft note the S cot ifi Presbyterians made elpecialufe, not onely in depofing Mary their lawful Q_ueen, but prolecuting her openly and under-hand till they had took away her life. And to this too he might have added that on Matth.iAi. where it is faid,that Vtomife oughtnot be k^ept where Gods honor and preaching of bit truth if kindred, or elf c it ought not to be broken. Which opens a wide gap to the breach of all Oaths, Covenants, Contracts and Agreements, not onely between man and man, but between Kings and their Subjects. Forwhat man can be fafe, or King fecure } what Promile can oblige, or what Contract bind} or what Oath tye a maato his Faith and duty, if on pretence of Gods honor, or the propagating of his truth, he may lawfully brealf it > And yet this Doctrine pafTed fo currantly amongft.the French, that it was pofitively affirmed by Fufebiuf rkiladelphvr, whofoever hewn?. That gueem Elizabeth was no more bound to keep the League which fie had made and [worn with Charles IX, (becaufe forfooth the preaching of the Gofptl " might be hindrcd by it) then Herod was obliged to /{eep the Oath which 248 %tyt ^i&oiv oftl)e ^eflbpten'ans. l i b. v r. which he hadfwornto the Dancing-Harlot. Follow them to Kezr.o. and they will tell us in their Notes upon that Chapter, that by the Locujis which came out of the fmoak^, are meant falfeteachersy Heretitkj) and worldly fhbtile Prelutes-, with Monhj, Fryers, Car" dinals, Patriarchs, ArthbiJhops,&i(!?ops, Dolors, Batchelprs and Mutters. Tcwhich though they fubjoyn tnefe words, viz, Which forfa^e chritf to maintain falfe DoStrinei yet lays it a dlfgrace on all Archbiihops and Bifhops , and on all fuch as take Acade- mical degrees, by bringing them under the name of Locujis, and joyning them with Monies and Friers, whom tbey beheld no other- wife then as limbs of Antichrifl. Which being the defignof their Annotations, agreeable to Calvins Doctrine in reference to Civil 6c Ecclefiaftical Governmenr,there is no doubt but that they come up roundly to him in reference to Predeftinaticn, and the points appendant : for which I fin all refer the Header to the Notes thernfe!vts'$ obferving onely in this place , that they exclude _____ Chriif and all his fufFerings from b^ing any way confiderable in mans Election, which they found onely on the abfolute will and pleafu_reof Almighty God 5 but are content to make himani*/V» ricur cauft (and onely an in ferionr caufe") Of a maas (alvatiun: For which confult them on Rom 9.15. 16. ^Now with this Bible, and thefe Notes, which proved foad- vaiiitagious to them in their main projectments,they alfo brought in Davids T faints in Englifh metre*, of which they ferved them- felves to feme tune in the timefucceeding. Which device being firft taken up try Clement Aiarot , and continued afterwards by t'iza, as before is faid, was followed here in England by Thomas S'ternhola 'in the Reign of King Edward, and afterwards by John liopkjns and fome others , who had retired unto Geneva, in the time of Queen Mary. Beingthere finifned,and printed at the end of their Bibles;, they were firft recommended to the ufe of pri- vate Families i>next brought into the Church for an entertainment befofe the beginning of the Morningand Evening Service .* And finally, publiined by themfelves, or at the end of the Pfalter, with this Declaration, that they were fet forth and allowed to be f nag in all churches before and after Morning and Evening Vrjycr, js alfo before and after Sermons. But firft, no fuch al- lowance can be found as is there pretended, nor could be found •"■— when this allowance was .difputed in the High Commiifion, by fuch as have beenmofl: induftrious and concerned in the fearch thereof. And then whereasit is pretended that the faid Pfulms fhould be fua^f^efore and after Morning and Evening Prayer, as alfo before and after Sermons ( which (hews they were not to be intermingled with the Publick^iturgie) in'very little time they prevailed fo far in mo ft Parifh-Churches, as to thrulf out 'the Te Deum, and the 8enedicite,t\\e Benedictus^ the Magnificat, and the Nunc Dimittk quite out of the Church. "And thirdly, by the practices and endeavours of the Puritan party(whohad an e) e upon the ufage of Geneva^they came to be efteemed the mod' Divine Lm. vi. %l)e^tto^oft^e^;rsl)ptn:ian5. a4p Divine part of Gods publick fcrvicc ; t he reading rfalms, toge- ther with thefirff and lecond Lcilons, being heard in many places with a covered head j but ail men (itting bare-headed when the rj aim is fung. And to that end, the Parilh-Clerk muft be taupht to call upon the people to fing it to the Praifc and Glory GoJi no fuch preparatory Exhortation being uied at the naming of the Chapters or the daily PJalms. i-. By the! c preparatives they hoped in time to bring in the whole body pi Calvimfm, as well in reference to Government and forms ot VVor(hip,as to points of Doftrine.But then they were to (ray their time, and not to mew too much at once of the main deligne, but rtithcr to divert on fome other counfels. The Li- turgy was Co well fortified by the Law, and the Bifhops fbfctled in their jurildk'rions, that it had been a madnefs to attempt on cither, till they fliould tinde themfelvcs increafed both in power and number, and that they had lome Friend in Court not one~ Jy toexcule, but defend theiraclions. In which refpecl, nothing feemed more expedient to them, then to revive the Quarrels of King Edwards time about Gaps and Tippets, and other Veft- ments of the Clergy which had not the like Countenance from t tic Laws ot the Land. In which 3s they afiured themfelves of all help from the hands of Peter Marty, Co they defpaired not of obtaining the like from Calvin and Fez.* , whenfocver it fhould be required. But as one Wave thrufts ajiother forwards, Co this dilpute brings in fome others, in which the judgement of refer Martyr was demanded alfo } that is to fay, concerning the Epifcopal Habit , the Patrimony of the Church , the manner of proceedings to be held againfl Papifts, the Perambulation ufed in thcbxogation-Week } with many other points of the like condi- tion. Which Quarrels they puriued for five years together, till the fetlrng of thatbufinefs by the Book of Advertisements, inno 1565. They alfo had begun to raite their thoughts unto higher matters then Caps and Tippets: In order whereunto, fome of them take upon them inthcir private Parifhes,to ordain fet Fafts^and o- t hers, to neglect the obfervation of the Annual Feftivals which were appointed by the Church* fome to remove the holy Table from the place of the Altar , and to tranfpofeit to tKe middle of the Quire or Chancel, that it might ferve the more conveniently for the pofture of fitting } and others, by the help of fome filly Or- dinaries, to impofe Books of Foireign Doctrine on their feveral P.irifhes } that by fuch Doctrine they might countenance their Actings in the other particulars. All which, with many other in- novations of the like condition, were prefently took notice of by the Bifhops, and the reft- of the Queen? Commiftioners $ and remedies provided for them in a book of Orders, published in the year 1561 •-, or the Advertifcments before mentioned, about four years after. Such as proceeded in their oppofitions after thefc Advertifcments, had the name of Puritans \ as men that did profefs a greater Purity in the Worthip of God , a greater de- ft k tcftation *?o %\)t $f fto;p of t!;e $;te£bpten'an£. l i b. v i. teftatioo of the Ceremonies and Corruptions of the Church of Rome, then the reft of their brethren : under which name were comprehended, not onely thofe which hitherto had oppoftd the Churches Veftments, bur ajfo fuch as afterwards endeavoured to deft re y the Liturgy, and fubvert the Govermenr. itf. In all this time they could obtain no countenance from the hands of this State, though it was once endeavoured for them by the Earl of Leicejier (whom they had gained to their Patron.) But it was onely to make ufe Of them as a counterpoife to the Popifh party, at fuch time as the Marriage was in agitation be- tween the Lord Henry Steivtrt 3nd the Queen of Scots^ if any thing fhould be attempted by them to diiturb the Kingdom s the tears whereof, as they were onely taken up upon politick ends, fo the intended favours to the oppofite Faction vaniftied alfo with them. But on the contrary, wefinde the Stare fevere enough againft their proceedings, even to the deprivation of Dr. lijatotft Sa&pfon, Dean of Chn it church. To which dignity he had been unhappily preferred in the firft year of the Queen y and being looked upon as head of this Faction, was worthily de- prived thereof by the QueensCommiiTioners. They found by this ieverity what they were to truft to , if any thing were practifed by them againft the Liturgy, the Doctrine of the Church, or the pubiick Government. It cannot be denyed, but Goodman^GiU i'ify Whittinghatn , and the reft of the Genevian Conven-icle, were very much grieved, at their return, that they could not bear the like fway here in r heir feveral Confiftories, asdidd/- vin and Beza at Geneva } fo that they not onely repined and grudged at the Reformation which was made in this Church, be- cause not fitted to their Fancies, and to Calvins Plat-form, but have laboured to fow thofe Seeds of Heterodoxy and Difobedi- ence, which afterward^ brought forth thofe troubles and difot- ders which' enfued upon it. But being too wife to put their own Fingers in the fire, they prefently fell upon a courfe v^hich was iii re -to fpeed, without producing any dangerto themfelues or their parry. They could not but remember thofe many advan- tages which 'John Alafco and his Church of ftrangers afforded to the Zuinglian Gofpellers , in the time of King Edward j and they defpaired not of the like, nor of greater neither, if a French Church were fetled upon Calvin's Principles in fome part of London. 19. For the advancement of this project, Calvin directs his Letters unto BifhopGr/Wrf^newly preferred unto that See, that by his countenance or connivance , fuch of the French Nation as for their Confcience had been forced to flee into England^'ight be permitted the Free Exercife of their Religion : whofe leave being ealily obtained, for the great reverence which he bares to the name of Calvin , they made the like ufe of fotne Friends which they had in the Court. By whofe follicitation they pro- -cure'd the Church of St. Anthony^ not far from Merchant ta/lors- Lib. VI. XDt i^Qo^ of tiw iMGUpiicu.iis, 251 /////, then beibg of DO prcl r nc uU- for Religi 1U1 I ):: to bj ailigned unto the French, wirh liberty to Bred the Lr'->/r <•<•/./* Diliciptiot, for ordering ftreuA ffaui o>( ihetr Conyrgiittoti, and to let up I Form of Prayer which had no nrmncr dI conformi- ty vsiih the !• ng'ilh Liturgy. Which what rife vrai ir in rff r, bot a plain giving up of the Caulc at the (irlf. demand , which attrrwatds was contended tor with inch oppofirion > what elie but a Foundation to that following Anarchy whiehwas detigned to DC obtruded on the Civil Cov.rnment r* For certainly, the tolerating oi Presbytery in a Church rounded and cltabiifljed by the Rules of Epifcopacie, could end in nothing but tiic ad- vancing of a Commonwealth in the midft of a M marchy. C.d- vm perceived this well enough, and thereupon gave Grindul tliankslor his favour init,of whom they after ferved themlclvts upon ali occjfions j a Dutch Church being alter let It d on die lame Foundation in the Augulline Fryart, where John Alif'co held his Congregation in the Reign or King Edward. -The in- conveniences whereof were not leen at the fir(f$ a\d w en they were perceived, were not ca lily remedied. For the ob- taining of which ends, there was no man mor? like to fe. ve them with the Queen, then Sir ^rmcit KaoL'ts, who having Married a Daughter of the Lord Cjry of Hnnfdon , the Queens Colin Cexman, was made Compel -ller of the Houfhold, con- tinuing in good Credit and Authority with her upon that ac- c« unt. And being alio one ot thofe vho had retired from Y •nk.fen to Geneva in the time of the Schifm, did there con* rr ' -u a jittar acq 1 intanct wi h Calvin, tlez,a,and the reft of the C i.hlorians , whofc c.iule he managed at the Courtupon ail OCCafidu*) though atre-wards he gave place to the Earl of L.ci- cejicr, as their Principal Agent. 20. But the Onevmns will hnde work enough toimploy them both i and having gained their ends, will pur on for more. Th« I lies of Gncrnfcy and J arfey, the o elv reminder of the Crown of B*gt*wd in the Dukedom of Hormmdy , had entertained the Retormation in the Reign of King Edward ^ bv whofe eoii> mand the publick Liturgy had been turned inro French, that it might ferve them in thofe Iflands for their fediticatioas. But the Reformed Religion being fuppreded in the time of Queen. Alary, revived again immediately after her deceale, by the di ligence of fuch Frrmh Miniffers as hid reforted thither for pro* teclion id theda) ot iheir troubles. la former timesthele Jflands belonged unto the jurifdiefTon of the BifltOp of Conft.tmc. who had in each of them a Subordinate Officer 5 mixt or a Chancel- lor and Arch-Deaci n , for the difpatch ot all fuch budoefa as concerned the Church : which 0>"ficer3 intituled bvfhe nam.* of Dean?, had a particular Revenue in Tythes and C >rn allotted to them, btfides the Perquilites ot their Cmrts, and the belt Benefices in the Iflmds. But thefe trench Miniifers delir to have all things, modelled by the Rules of Calvin, endeavoured 1U 2 by 252 %ty J&tttOH? of tDe #?estytetian& l i b. v \\ by all the Friends they could to advance bis Difcipline 5 to which tney were incou raged by the brothers ftere, and the Go- vernors there. The Governours in each Ifland advanced the projedt,ou> of a covetous intent to inrich themfelves by thefpoil of the Deanrics £ the brethren have hereupon a hope to gain ground by little and little, for the erecting of the fame in moft •parts of England. And in purfuance of this plot, both Iflands joyn in confederacy to petition the Queen for an allowance of this Difcipline, Anno 1563, In the year next following , the Signiour de St. Owen and Monfteur de Soulemount were dele- gated to the Court to follicite in it * where they received a gra- tious anfwer, and full of hopes returned to their feveral homes. In the mean time, the Queen being ftrongly perfwaded that this defigne would much advance the Reformation in thofe Iflands, was contented to give way unto it, in the Towns of St. Peters Tort and St. Hill Aries only,but no further.To which purpofe there were Letters decretory from the Council, directed ro the Bay- lift, the Jnrates, and ethers of each Ifland 5 fubferibed by Ba- con Lord Keeper of the Great Seal^the MarqueCs of Northampton^ the Earl of Leicejier •> the Lord Clynton, afterwards Earl oi Lin- colne 5 Rogers, Knollis and Cecil. The Tenour of which Letter in relation to the Ifle of Jarfey, was this that followeth. 21. After our very hearty commmtndations unto yon j where the Queens moft excellent Majefty under ft andetb , that the Tjles of Guernfey and Jarfey h.tve anciently depended on the Diocefs of Conftance, and that there he certain Churches in the fame Dso- cejs well reformed^ agreeable throughout in the Doftrine as is fet forth in this Realm 5 knowing therewith, that they have a Mini- fter^ which ever ftnee his arrival in Jarfey hath ufed the like Or- der of Preaching and Adminiftration , as in the faid reformed Churches, or as it is ufed in the French Church of London : her Majefty, for divers refpefts and considerations moving h*r High- nefs, is well pleafed to admit the fame Order of Preaching and Adminiftration to be continued at St. Hillaries, as hath been hi- therto accufiomed by the faid Minifter. Provided always, that the reftdue of the Parijhes in the faid lfle,Jhall diligently put aftde all fuperftitions ufed in the faid Diocefs 5 and fo continue there the Order of Service ordained within this Realm, with the Injun- ctions neceffary for that purpofe, Wherein you may not fail dili* gently to give your aids and ajfi fiance, as bell may few? for the ad- vancement of Cods Glory* And fo fkreweL From Richmond the 7 o/Auguft, Anno 1565. 22. Where note, thatthefame Letter, the names onely o\ the places being changed, and fubferibed by the fame meOjWasfent alfounto thofe oi Guernfey, for the permiffion of the faid Difci- pline in the Port of St. Peters. In which, though there be no ex- prefs mention of allowing their Difcipline , but onely of their V o-*" rv» .Lib. v i. TX)t tyiftojp ofitK $Mtyttmxa> Form of Prayer • cJ Adminiftration of Sacraments j yet they prefuined Co far on the general words, as to put it prefeotly in practice. In profecution of which Counfels, the Minifters and Elders of both Churches held their firft Synod in the Ifle of Gucrnfy, on the 3 of September, Anno 1567, where they con- cluded to advance it by degrees in ail the reft of the Parifhci, as opportunity fhould ferve, and the condition of Affairs permit : to the great joy , no queftion , of their great Friends in Eng- land , who could not but congratulate their own good Fortune in thefe fair beginnings. 23. At home they found not fuch fuccefsas they did abroad $ not a few of them being deprived of their Benefices, and other preferments ill the Church, lor their jnconformity,expreft in their refilling to officiate by the publick Liturgy , or hot fubmitting to the directions of their Ordinaries in fome outward matters, as Caps and Surplicei, and the like. The news of which feverity fliej to France and Scotland s occafioning Bez,a in the one, and Knox and hisComrades in the other, to interpofe themfelves in behalf of their brethren. With what Authority Bex.* a&ed in it, we ftiall fee anon. And we mav now take notice, that in Knoxer Letter, fent from the general AilembJy of the Kirk of Scotland, the V dements in difputeare not onely called Tripe/ and Ragr of Rome, but arc dilcountenanced and decryed, for being fuch Garments as idolaters in time ofgreateji darkjiefs,ufed im their Su- perjiitious and idolatrous fervice : ck thereupon it is inferred, That if Surplice ,Cap and Tippet have been badges of Idolaters im the ve- ry a3 of their. Idolatry , that then the Preachers of Christian Liber- ty, and the Rcbukers of Superjlition, were to have nothing to dg with the Jrcgs of that Komijb beajl. Which inference is fecond- ed by this Kequeft, viz,. That the Brethren in England which re- fufed tbofe&otn'lih Kngs^ight finde *>/ them(the BiJJjoptjwbo ufo and urge them , fuch favour ,as their Head and Mafler commandeth each one of his Members toJ/)ew to another. And this they did ex- pe& to receive of their courtefte, not onely hecaufe tbcj hoped that they ,tbef aid Bifbopsjvould not offend Godin troubling tbtir Bre- thren for fuch Vain trifles $ but becaufe they hoped that they would not rcfufe^tbe requefi of them, their Brethren and fellow- Mimflert\ in wbom-t though there appeared no worldly Pomp, yet tbvy afjured themfelves , that' they were ejieemed the fervants of God ,and fuch as travelled to fet forth Gods Glory againji the Anti- chrift 0/ Koine, that conjured enemy ot true Keligion, rhe Pope. The days, fay they, are evil, iniquity abounds, charity (alary waxeth cold } and therefore that it concerned ih*m all to waltt^ diligently, becaufe it was uncertain at rthat hour the Lord would come, to whom they were to render an u count of their Admiui- Jiration. After which Apoftolical Admonition, they commit rhemtotlie Mighty protection of the Lord Jefus Chrift. And fo we conclude their Zealous Lett r , dated December 27. 150*. 24. With '55 1566. %t$ ^i(ts# of tfte $it&tytttim& Lib. VI.. 24. With more Authority writes Bezat as the greater Patri- archy and he writes too concerning things of greater confequence thenCaps.and Surplices. For in a Letter, of his to Grihdal, bear- ing daite jfrt/y, anno 1566, he makes a fad complaint concerning certain MUiifters, unblanleable (as he faith) both in life and Do- 8 fine j f uf pen ded from the Minijlery by the Queens Authority, and ■ the goad liking of the Bifoops, for not fubfcribing to fome new Jiffies and Ceremonies impofcd upon them. Amongft which Rites, he fpecifies the wearing of fuch Vejlments as were then worn by' Baals Friejls in the Chnrch of Kome 5 theCrofsin B aptifm, kneel- ip'g at the Communion, and fuch Rites , as had degenerated [as he tells us) into moft filthy Su perfrition. But he feems more of- fended,/ hat Wo men^were fuffered to baptizein extreme necefjities r That power was* granted tothe Queen for ordaining fuchother Kites and Ceremonies as fjould feem convenient } but moft efpeciallyy (which was indeed the point moft grieved at) that the Bif) ops were tmttfied with a fole Authority for all matters of the Church J with* But Beza has a- word for this. For firft he blames the Ancient Fathers for borrowingmany of their Ceremoniesfrom thejews and Gentiles^ though done by them out of a good andhoneft purpofe , that being all thing* to all men, they might gain the morev And there- upon he gives this Rule, That all fuch Rites as had been borrowed either from the Jew or Gentile without exprejS Warrant from Chriji or the holy Apojlles 5 as aljo all other ftgnificant Ceremonies , which had been brought into the Church again Ji right and reafon,Jhould lie immediately removed, or otherwife the Church could never be rejiored to her Native Beauty. WhichRule of his, if once admit- ted, there mutt be prefently an end of all external Decency and Order in the Worfhipof God, and every man might be left to ferve him, both for timeand place, and every particular circum- ftrfricein that Sacred aflion, as to him feemed fc>eft. And what a horrible confufion mult needs grow thereby, not onely ina whole National Church, but in every particular Congregation, be it never fo fthall, is no hard matter to conceive. 25. At the Reforming of this Church, not onely the Queens Chappel, and all Cathedrals, bur many Parochial Churches alfo frad preferved their Organs $ to which tHeyufed to fingthe ap- pointed Hymns; that is tofay, the Te Deum, the Benediftus, the Magnificat, the Nunc Di mitt is, &c\ performed in an Artificial and Melodious manner, with theaddition of CornetSjSackbuts,. and the like, on the Solemn Feftivals. For which as*they had ground enough from the holy Scripture, if the Practice and Au- thority of David be of any credit j fo were they warranted there- unto Hi. vi. Xt)c l}ifto;pcfttjcp:c5bvtcv!ans tin-.) bl the god iy in i jfi <-t t ik* priftrft i ve time*, .> trn ( : ! ' is once refrored t6 hep peace and freedom. Certain lam,i S. /tt^uftinc impure- no hnall p ot l hia Conversion t< ' v*if)y Melodic which he heard ve-r\ h qucn'jj fbrheChtirch « t /»////.- //tls •' rr<>r< llni!', rh it ir did n«i( oneMydrn* rears fp»tn nin lhr>ugh againiV hU will, but raffed hi* fold unto a I M.-di- rationon fpiritual mutcis. Bur Irs* hating i irned fo in.vr the P/Wat/intO metre, a*, hid been letr undone by A/iiot* j i ye an example unto Stcrnhald and Hopkins ro attempt rhe li Wi.ofe Vcrliim I> ir>g left unfinifbfcf, bur brought unto an end L\ lon.r of our Eoglifh Exiles which remained at b(, ■-. ; tliacu.ii a purpofe toi impoling them up m the Chinch by lit- tle and little, that they might come as ciofe ai, might be in a'l points to thcii Mother- City. At lirlr, they lung them one fy in their private hrules and afterward* (.»s b< IdJI adventured ro ting r hem alio to the Church, as in the way of entertainment, to take up the time till the beginning or' rhe Serv ce, and after*- wards roling them as a part of rhe S H e it ielr. Forfo] on- detOindthat pail age m the churth flifloritn , in which he tells us, TkatDr Cerifh betngtHen Warden oi jWcr/ ofCbllcdge, I abulifbed cert* in Lb tine 1 u pet ftitknis IIvuhk which hid been uO d Oil foOte of the b clhv.ils, appointing the P/V/*r/ in Engl ifh to b; Jung in their place 5 .md that as one Leech was ready to b \ the /'•',///», anothe-i or the bellow* called Hktijftk a tehed the bo out ot his hands, and told him, ihit they could no m >c dincc af- ter bis pipe. But wbatfoever Hal/ thought ot them, Fez i and his Dilciples were perlv\aded otherwiie. And tliat he mighr the better crv down that Mel nil i >m Harmony which was retained in rheChurchor. Engl.trtl* and io make way lor the Gcnevian fa - tbtoa even in that point alio , he r el Is i>s in the lame Letter ro >55 > tin to move th: Jt] cdioa;. Which cenfure being paft d uponitby io great a liabiy-, atoft wondeifjl ir was how fuddenly lome men of good note and quality 3 who other* ife deferved well enough or the Church of £«g/a**f, did bend their wits and pens a gain ft it} and with what carneftne-lV thev laboured to have their o.-.u Tunes pubbckly introduced into all the Churches. Which that they might the better do, they procured the rCilms in EngllOi ji are to be bound in the fam i Volume with the I'ublick Litur- gie, and foinetknes with rhe feible alio \ fetting them forth , ai being allowed (fothe Vide tells**) /• :)eJ before and after Miming and Mp*~ 25 6 %$t tymv? of tfte $?esbptetian& u B .vi. » _ — — — ■ — ■ i ■ "■ — relied otherwife then to them feemedgood: Andrather to deprive many hungry fouls of their heavenly food9 then give them leave to receive it otherwise then.upon their kneet. And this being faid, he queftions tlfe Authority of the Supreme Magiftrate, as con- trary to the Word of God, and the Ancient Canons, for or- daining any new Rites and Ceremonies in a Church eftabliftied s but much more the. Authority afcribed to 3ifhops, in ordering any thing which concerned the Church , without eajling the Presbytery toadvife about it, and having their approbation in it. This was indeed the point moft aimed at. And to this point his followers take the courage to drive on amain v the Copies of this Letter being prefently difrferfed for their greater comfort^ if not alfo printed. Some of the brethren, in their zeal to the — name of Calvin^ preferred him once before S. Paul, and Beza out pi queftion would have took it ill, if he had beenefteemed of lefs Authority then any of thofe who claimed to be Succef- fors to S. Peter. And therefore it were worth the while to com- pare the Epiftles of thefe men, with thofe of Pope Leo * and then to enter ferioufly into confideration, whether oi the two took more upon him 5 either Pope Leo, where he might pretend to fome command 5 or Beza, where he had no authority to acl: at all. How much more moderate anddifcreet were the moft eminent men for Learning amongft the Zwitzers, may appear by the example of Gualter and Bulfinger, noway inferior unto the other, but in Pride and Arrogancy } who being defired by fome of the Englifh Zealots to give their judgement in the point of the Churches Veftments, returned their approbation of them ; but fentit in a Letter directed to Horn , Sandys and Grindal, tolec them fee, that they would not intermeddlein the affairs of this Church without their privity and advice. Which whether it were done with greater Moderation or D^cretion, it is hard to fay. 1567. 27. So good a Foundation being laid,, the building could not chufe but goon apace. But firft they muft prepare the matter, and remove all doubts which otherwise might interrupt them in the courfe of their building. And herein Beza is confulted as the Matter- Workman, To him they fend theit feveralfcruplesj and he returns fuch anfwer to them, as did notonely confirm them in their prefent obftinacy, but fitted and prepared them for the following Schifm. To thofe before, they add the cal- ling of the Minifters, and their ordaining by the Biftiops 5 neither the Presbyterie being confulted, nor any particular place ap- pointed for their Miniftration. Which he condemns as contra- ry to the Word of God and the ancient Canons 5 but fo, that he conceives it better to have fuch a Miniftery, then none at all ^ praying wit*hal, that God would give this Church a more lawful Miniftery (the Church was much beholding to him for his zeal the while) in his own good time. Concerning the interroga- tories propofed to Infants in their Baptifm , he declares it to be onely a corruption of the ancient Form , which was ufed in the l i b. v i. %i)t iMftojp of tljc ^jcsbytcnans 257 the baptizing perfons of ripeVyears. And then de fires heartily as be ton \4ttbt£b*rtbh* \ the uje of Oy\\ itnd the old Kite of . • ' h fo ti would alio 2 ' id unneceilary Interrogations tebich arc m.idc to [ftfintf. Ahd'yet he could not cl Paunf. i there w as fomewhat in one <>l s. Avtufijnei I ei wbi mi^lit feetn to favour it $ ana that I , pofed to Intuits in thetime oiOrlgt*i who lived aboi ► hundred years before S. Augufhnc. In fame Chujrches, and particularly IB W ejiminjler- Abbey, they If ill retained theufc <>f Wafer! ot bread unleavened ^ to which we can find nothing the Pnblik Kubrick*. 1 his he acknowledgcth of it felf for I citing indifferent '■> bur fo, thar ordinary leaVened bread is pre- ferred betore it, as being more agreeable to the [nftitutlon our Lord and Saviour. And yet he could not chule bur grant, that Chrift adminiftred the Sacrament in unleavened breads no Other being to be tiled by the Law of Afc>j\-s it the time of the Tallover. He diflikes alio the deciding or Civil caufes fby which he means thofeof Tythcs, Marriages and the Laft \V or TeOameqts of men decea(ed) in the Bifhops Courts) bi more, t.;ar roe RtfbopS Chancellors did take Upon th< cree any Excommunication without the appr< I lent of the Presbyters. Whole affs therein, ' pronounceth to be void andww//, nor to oblige fie Con f< any man in the light of Ged i and Ofjrei wi le, r (hametul prophanation or. the Churches Cenfures 28. To other of their Queries , Tow bin* Church '•> Kncihttg at tbe C emmun'jon \ 7 be tropin £-J}"j ■ the relr : Heanfwersas he did before, without remil my thing of his former cenCure. Whkh Letter of his, bearing date on the 7.\oi oOober^ 156" . was fuperfcribed, Ad (\uofdjM An- glicanuttt Eulejiarum frjtrci, C>i. To certain of the brethren of the Churches in fngland , touching fome points of Ecclefi- aftieal Order* and concernment which were then under debate : by the receiving w hereof, they found themfeJvcs fo fully PatisHed and encouraged', that they tell into an open Schifoi in the year ntxr following* At which time Bcnfon , Button, HdlUmgb*mt \ Cclcmirt) and others, taking upon them to be of a moreArdcr.r. zeal then ethers in prottfiing the tiue Reformed Religu n, re- folved to allow of nothing in Gcds Publick Service (according to the Rules laid down by Calvin and I. test) bur what was found cxprciiy in the holy Scriptures. And whether out of a dclire_ of deformation (which pretence had girded many a rotten poft) or for lingularitv lake and Innovation, they openly queftioq the received Difciplineot the Church ol <»<•/-, yea, con- demned the fame, together With the Puhlfck Litutgie, and the dling of Bifhops, as favouring too mu'ch of ihe R< of theChurchot fiowc Againlf which they freqmentl) protefl in their Pulpits } atrirmiog, That it vpjs an tmpiouf tbini^ tt *nj correff>0ndtncy vpttk tbc Church s and labouring L 1 :c - >§8 %$t fyi&m of tt)e ^esbpiettattiSu Lib. VI. ligence to bring the Church of England to a Conformity in all points with the Rules of Geneva. Thefe? although the Queen commanded to be laid by the heels, yet it is incredible how up- on a fudden their followers increafed in all parts of the King- dom , diftinguiQied from the reft by the name of Puritans , by reafon of iheir own perverfenefs, and moft obftinate refufalto give ear to more found advi«e. Their numbers much encreafed on a doubleaccount $ firft, by the negligence of Come,; and the connivance of other Bifhops, whofhould have looked more nar- rowly into their proceedings : And partly, by the fecret favour of fome great men in the Court, who greedily gaped after the Remainder of the Churches Patrimony. 29. It cannot be denied, but that this Faction received much encouragement underhand , from fome great perfons near the Queen '? from no man more then from the Earl of Leicefter, the Lord Nor thy Knollk and iValjlngham'-, who knew how mightily fome numbers of the Scots, both Lords and Gentlemen, had in fhort time improved their fortune, by humoring the Knoxian Bnthren in their Reformation 5 and could not but expect the like in their own particulars, by a compliance with thofe men, whoaimed apparently at the tuine of the Bifhops and Cathedral Churches. But then it muft be granted alfo, that they received no fma!l encouragement from the negligence and remifsnefs of fome great Bifhops 5 whom Calvin and Beza had cajoled to a plain connivance. Of Calvins writing unto Grindal iorfetting up a French Church in the middle of London, we have feea before. And we have feen how JSeza did addrefs himfelf unto £im, in behalf os the Brethren who had fuffered for their incon- formity to eftablifhed Orders. But now he takes notice of the Schifm , a manifeft defection of fome members from the reft of the body ^ but yet he cannot chufe but tamper with him to al- low their doings , or otherwife to mitigate the rigour of the La ws in force. For having firft befprinkled him with fome com- mendation for his zeal to the Gofpel, and thanked him forf> his many favours to the new French Church, he begins roundly, in plain terms, to work him to his own perfwafions. He Jays be- fore him flrft, how great an obftacle was made in the courfe of Religion, by thofe petite differences j notonely amongft weak and ignorant,but even Learned^men. And then ad vifeth that fome fpeedy remedy be applied to fo great a mifchief, by calling an AfTembly of fuch Learned and Religious men as were leaft contentious j cf which he hoped to be the chief, if that work went forwards : With this Provifonotwithffanding, That nothing Ihould be ordered and determined by them, with reference un- to Ancient or Modern ufages^ but that all Popifh Rites and Ce- remonies being firfl: abolifhed, they fhould proceed to the Efta- blifhment of fuch a Form of Miniftration in the Church of Eng« land, as might be grounded on fome exprefs Authorities of the Word of God. Which as he makes, to be a work agreeable unto lib. vi. Xl)t^tfto^oftt)e|&;rsDptttton0. i$9 unto Grifidali piety \ fo Grindtl after this (and this bears date in Inly 1568 J appeared more favourable every day then other to thofc common Barretters, who u fed their whole endeavours to tmbroyl the Church. 30. Nor were thefe years lefs fatal to the Church of EngUndy by the defection of the Pipilb, who till this time had kept them- felves in her Communion^and did in general as punctually at- tend all Divine Offices in the fame , as the vulgar Proteftants. And it is probable enough, that they might have held out lon- ger in their due obedience , if firft, the fcandal which was given by the other Faclion, and aftcrwardsthe reparation which enfu- ed upon it, had not took thern off. The Liturgieof the Church had been exceedingly well fitted to their approbation, by leaving out 3n offenfive pallagc againft the Pope \ reftoring the old Form of words, accultomably ufed in the participation of the holy Sacrament , the total expunging of a Rubrick, which feem- ed to make a Queftionof the Real prefemce j the Scituation of the holy-Table in the place of the Altar j the Reverend pofture of kneeling at ir,orbefore it,by a!l Communicants 5 the retaining of To many of t he ancient Feftivals; and finally ,by the Veftments ufed by*the Prieft or MiniOer in the Miniftration. And folong as all things continued in fo good a pofture, they faw no cnjfe of leparating from the reft ot their Brethren in the adbof Wor- fhip. But when all decency and order was turned out of the Church, by the heat and indifcretion of thefe new Reformers 5 the holy-Table brought into the midft of the Church like a common-Table } the Communicants in fome places fitting at it withaslittle Reverence as at any ordinary Tables the ancient Falls and Feafts deferted, and Church-Veftments thrown a fide, as the remainders ot the Supcrftition of the Church of Rome: they then began vifibly to decline from their firft conformity. And yet they made no general feparation, nor defection neither, till the Genevitm brethren had firft made the Schifm , and ra- ther chofe to meet in Barns and Woods, yea , and common Fields, then to aflociate with their brethren, as in former timet. For, that they did fo, is affirmed by very good Authors, who much bemoaned the fad condition of the Church, in having het bowels torn in pieces by thofc very Children which fhe had cherifhed in her bofom. By one ot which, who muft needs be of years and judgement at the time of this Schifm , we are firft told what great contentions had been raifed in the firft ten years of her Ma jefties Reign, through the peevifh frowardnefs, the out- cry es of fuch as came from Geneva, againftthe Veftments of the Church, and fuchlike matters. And then he adds, That being crolled in their defires touching thofc particulars, they fcparated from the reft of their Congregations \ and meeting together in Houfes, Woods, and common Fields, kept there their moft unlawful and diforderly Conventicles. *1« Now at fuch time as Btttt$*> BiUin^ham^ and the reft of L 1 3 the 26q7 %t# $tfto# of fyz$itz\tynm\& l i b. v i, \ the Puritan Faction had firft made the Schifm, Harding and Ssnders^nd fomeotbersof thePopilh Fugitives,imployed them* fetyts as buGly in perfwading thofe of that Religion to the like temptation : For being licenfed by the Pope to exercifeEpifco- pal jurisdiction in the Realm of England, they take upon them to abfolve all fuch in the Court of £pnfcience, who fhould return to the Communion of the ChuW of Rome j as alfo to difpenfe in Caufes of irregularity, e'xcept it were incurred by wilful murther $ arjd finally, from the like irregularities in- curred by Herefie, if the party who dcfired the benefit of the Abfolution,abftainM from Miniftring at the holy Altar for three years together.By means whereof,and the advantages before men- tioned which were given them by the furitan Fa&ion , they drew many to them from the Church, both Prieflsand People s tbtir numbeis every day increafing, as the fcandal did. And funding hovv the Sectaries inlarged their numbers by ejecting a French Church in London , and that they were now upon »he point of procuring another for the ufe and comfort of the Dutch? the'y thought tr no ill piece of Wifdom to attempt the like in fome convenient place near England, where they might train up tfcfif Difciples, and fit them for imployment upon all occalions. Upon which ground, a Seminary is eftablifhed for them at Dow ay ini5 landers, Jnno 15685 and another not long after at Rhemes a Cfcj of Champaigne in the Realmof France. Such was the bene- fit which redounded to the Church of England by the per- verfnefs of the Brethren of this firft feparation,that it occasioned tfce like Schifm betwixt her and the Papifts* who till that time had kept themfelves in her Communion, as before was faid. For that the Papifts generally did frequent the Church in thefe .firft ten years, is pofitively affirmed by Sir Edward Cok$ in his Speech at the Arraignment of Garnet the Jefuit, and afterward at the Charge which was given by him at the general Affizes held in Htrwtch. In both which he fpeaks on his own certain know- ledge, not on vulgar hearfay } affirming more particularly, that he had many times feen Bedenfield, CornwaUn, and fome other oi the Leading Romanifis? at the Divine Service of the Church, who afterwards were the firft that departed from it. The like averred by the moft Learned Bilbop Andrews^ in hie Book called Tortura To*ti^ p. 130. and there afletttd undeniably againft all ©ppofkion. And which may ferveinftead of all, -we finde the like affirmed allio by the Queen her felf^in her Instructions given to Walfingham \\ then being her Refident with the French King, Anno 157O. In which Inftrudrionsj bearing date on the 11 of Augufti it is affirmed exprefly of thd Heads of that party , and therefore we may judge the like of the Members alfo, that they did ordinarily refbrt9 from the beginning of her Reign , in ail o- pen places, to the Churches, and to Divine Service in the Church, without any contradiction, or Jhew of mijlikjug. 32. The parallel goes further yet. For as the FuriUns were encou- encouraged tu this Reparation by the Miifals and Decretory 1569. Letters of Theodore Ave*) whom they beheld as the chief Patri- arch of this Church : So were the Papilts animated to their de- fection by a Bull ot Pope Tins the Fifth, whom they acknow- ledged molt undoubtedly tor the Hcao^of theirs, tor the Pope being tin u(t on by the importunity or the Houfe of Guifc, in fa- vour of the Queen of Scots, whole Title they preferred before that of Elizabeths and by the Court of France, in hatred to the Queen her fell, tor aiding the trench Hmgonots againft their King, was drawn at 1 aft to iilue out this Bullagainlr her, dated at Rome, Feb. 2+. 1569. In which Bull he doth not onely Lx- communicate her perlon, deprive her of her Kingdoms, andab- folve all her Subjects trom their Oaths of Allegiance} but com- mands all her Subjects, or. what iort foever,not to obey her Laws, Injunctions , Ordinances or Afts of State. The Defc&ion of the Papilts had betore been voluntary, but is now made nccelTa- ry 5 the Popes command being iuperadded- to the fcandal which had before been given them by the Vuritan b atiion. For after this, the going or not going to Church was commonly reputed by them for a iigne diftinCiive, by which a Roman Catholick might be known from an Englifh Herctick. And this appears molt, plainly by the Preamble to the Act of Parliament againjl bringing or executing of hulls from Rome, 13 Eliz,. 2. Where it id reckoned amonglt the effects of thofe Bulls and Writings, That thofe who brought them, did by their lewd practices and fub- tile perfwaftons n-ork^fo farfortfi^ that fundry people, and igno- rant pcrjons have been contented to be reconciled to the Church of Rome, and to have withdrawn and abfcnttd themf elves from. all Divine Service,moll godlily exercifed in thk Realm. By which it feems, that till the roaring of thole Bulls, thofe of the Popilh party dd frequent the Church, though not fo generally in the laft five years (as our Learned Andrews hath obferved) as they did the fir ft , before they were difcouraged by the Innovations of the Puritan Fatiion. 33. Butfortheircorning to our Churches forthefirft ten years, that is to fay, before the firft beginning of the Vuritan Schifm% there is cuough acknowledged by fome of their own. farfons himfclf coufelleth, in his Pamphlet which he calls by the name of Green-Coat, That for twelve years together the Court and State was in great quiet, and no queihonvtade about Religion. Briefly in his Apologie (peaks it moreatlar^c: by whom it is acknow ledged, That m the beginning *»/ the Queens Reign, mofi part of the Catholickj for many years did- go to the Heretical Churches and Service : 'lhai when the better and truer opinion was taught the 00 by T ricjis and Religions men from beyond the Seas as more per fed and necejfary, the¥e wanted not many which oppofed themf elves of the elder fort of Pricjls of £yecn Maries dayi ; and finally, That this division wm not onely favoured by the Council, butnourifbed alfo for many years by divert tr cubic fo me people of iheir own, both i6i H#e$tttc#o£ ti#t$tm%twm& Lib. VI. both in teaching andwriting. On which the Author of theRe- ply, whomsoever he was, hath made this Defcant, ©zz. That for the Catholickj going to Church, it was perchance rather to be la- mented then blamed^bef ore it came to be a fign Di(^in(k\vcibjf which a Catholickwas known from one who was no Catholic^ Thus as the Schifms began together, fo are they carried on by the felt- ' fame means, by Libelling againft the State : the Papifts, in their Philopater $ the Puritans , in Martin Mar- Prelate, and the reft : by breeding up their novices beyond the Seas 5 the Roman Ca- tholickssat Rheims zvx&Doways thepresbyterians,at Geneva, Am- sterdam or San mure.: by railing ("edition in the State, and plotting Treafon againft the pcrfon of theQiieen$thePapifts,by Throgmor' ton, Parr)., Tichbourn, Babington,fkc. the Puritans ,by Th acker , Penry, Hacket, Coppinger, &c. And finally, by the executions made u pon either part^of which,in reference to the Presby terianss we (hall fpeak hereafter. But as none of Plutarchs Parallels is fo exact, but that feme difference may be noted, and is noted by him, betwixt the perfolis and affairs of whom he writes $ fo was there a great difference in one particular between the fortunes of the Papifts and the contrary faction. The Presbyterians were obferved to have many powerful Friends at Court, in which the Papifts had fcarce any but mortal Enemies. Spies and Intelli- gencers; were employed to attend the Papifts,and obferve all their words and actions } fo that they could not ftir without a difcove- ry :But all mens eyes were (hut upon the other party ,fo that they might do what they lifted without obfervation.Of which no rea- fon can be given ,but that the Queen being ft art led at thePopes late Bull, and finding both her Perfon andEftate indangered, under divers pretences, by many of the Romifh party, both at home and abroad, might either take no notice of the leffer mifchief , or fuffer that faction to grow up to confront the other. 3 4. And now comes Cart&rigbt on the Stage,oo which he acted more then any of the Puritan Paction, till their laft going off again in the Reignof this Queen. It was upon a difcontentthat he firft left Cambridge^ andinpurfuance of thefame,that he left the Church. For being appointed one of the Opppnents at the Divinity A& in Cambridge, Anno \ ^6^, atfudi time as the Queen was plea fed to honor it with her Royal pre fence 5 he came not off fo happily in her efteem, but that Prefton of Kings Colledge for action, voyce and elocution,was preferred before him. This fo afflicted the proud man, that in a fudden humour he retires From thetlniverfity, and lets up his ftudiesin Geneva, where he became as great with Beza, and the reft of that Confiftory, as ever Knox had been with Calvin at his being there. As foon as he had well acquainted himfelf with the Form of their Difci* pline, and ftudied alifuch points as were to be reduced to pra- ctice at his coming back, well ftockexl with Principles , and fur- nulled with Instructions , he prepares for England, and puts him- felf into his Colledge. Before, upon the apprehenfioa of the faid .IB. v i. Xijc tyittojp of tt>e i&jrstytcnans. 267 faid neglccr, he ha I info buiichi: ir!i fome difcourfcj agamic the Eccl< ical Government then by Laweftablilbed j .ind feemrd to enicrtaiq a i^rcut opim >:i o( bimfolt, both tor I earning and Holinefs j and . ichal a grrac contemner of inch others fca continued not with bian. But at hii c -, from GtM$vt9Jic became more pra , or p/agmaci her, c denning the Vocation oi Arcabifho] ; 1, A rchdeaconf, a< i other net lijljjrn.t / O fficers 1 the Admrniffrarion ot our holy Sj- cramenrs, and observation^ of our Rjtei and Ceremonies. And buzzing thefe conceits into the Heads of divers young Preacher! and Scholars of the Univcrfity , he drew attcr him a great nun: - ber of Dtfciples and Followers. Amonglt whom he prevailed lb far by his kcret practices, but much more by a Sermon which he Preached oneSunday-morning inthe Colledge-Chappel, that in the afternoon all the Fellow* and Scholars threw alide their Surplices(which by the Statures of the Houlethcy were bjund to life) and went to the Divine Service oncly in their Gowns and Caps. Dr. John If hit gift was at that time Milter of Trinity Colledge, and the Queens ProfelTor for Divinity j a man of great- temper and moderation , bur one withal that knew well how to hold the tveins, arftl doc luffer them to be w retted out of his hand by an Head ttrong bead. Cartrvrtght was Fellow of that Colledge, emulous of the Matters Learning, bivr far more envi- ous at the Credit and Authority which lie had acquired: L:r which caufe he procured himfelf to be chofen the Profellor for the Lady Margaret, that he m ght come as near to him as he could, both in place and power. But not content with that which he had done in the Colledge, he puts up hii Difciples into all the Pulpits in the Univerlity, where he and they inveigh mutt bitterly againtt tne Government of the Church, and the Governours of it i the Ordination of Prietts and Deacons, the Liiurgie ettabl fhed, and the Kites thereof. And though IVbit- gift Preached them down as occali >n ferved with great applaufe unto himfell ', but greater fatistae'rion to all moderate and (o- ber men } yet C artwrigbt and his Followers were now grown unto iuch a head , that they became more violent by the op- polition. 3s. It hapneth commonly, as a Learned man hath well ob- ferved, That thofe fervent Rcprebcndcrt of things cjiablifcd if fublii\ Authority , 4re aire a) $ confident and bold] piritcd ixtn > and fuch as will not eal'ily be taken orf from their proleoution* by any fair and gentle ulage. Which tvhitgift fouud at lair, af- ter all his patience^ infomuch, that having many times in vain endeavoured, by gentle Admonitions and fair prrlwafions, to gain the man unto himfelf, or fo to moderate and reitrain him, as that he (ho , Id no longer trorfMe both that Colledge and the whole Univerlity 0ith his dangerous Doctrines; he was nccef- fitated in the end to expel him out of the Hoafe , and after to deprive him alio of the iV*r£rfrvf Leclurc. Which Iafc he afted 3 that Cartwright had made many offers of Dif- putation for tryal of the points in Queftion, but could never be heard £ and therefore that Whhgift fupplyed this by excefs of power, which he was not able to triage good by defeci o* Ar- guments. To flop which clamour, whit gift not ooely offered him the opportunity of a Conference with him, but offered it in the prefence of fufficient witneiTes } and put the man fo hard unto it, that he not onely declined the Conference at the pre- - — fent, but confeft that Whitgi'ft had made him the like offers formerly, and that he had refufed the fame, as he now did alfo. All which appears by a Certificate, fubfcribed by eight fufficient WitnefTes , and a publck Notary , dated the 18 of March J 570. But this difgrace was followed oy a greater,much . about that time : for finding himfelf in a neceflity to depart fronl Cambridge i h§ would have taken the degree of Do&or along with him for his greater credit, but was denyed by the major part of the R,egent Mafters.,and others which had votes therein 5 which fo difpleafed both him and all his adherents, that from this time the Degrees of Doctors, Batchellois and Matters were efteemed unlawful, and thofe that took them reckoned for the Limbs of Antichrift , as appears by the Genevtan Notes on the Revelation. But for this, and all theothet wrongs which he had fufftred (as was faid) in the Univerfity, he will revenge him- felf upon the Church in convenient time 5 and in convenient time we fhall hear more of it. 36. In the mean feafon, we muft make a ftep to Banfieed in Surrey, where we fhall finde a knot of more Zealous Calviniftf9 then in other places } fo Zealous and conceited' of their own dear San&iry, that they (eparatcd themfelves from the reft of thtir brethren, under the name of the Anoynted, The Bond of Peace was'broken by the reft before, ana thefe men meant not to re* ra;n the unity of fpirit with them, as thty .had done formerly,, 7heir4.ead'r was one Wright $ their Opinions thefe, viz. That no man is to be atcufed of fin, but he that drdrejeft the truths by them profejjed . lhat the whole New Teftament contained *o h>ng bet pf editions of things to corner and therefore that Chrtji (whfite th*y grant to have appeared in the fejfj before ) Jbal/ come before the Day of Judgement, and a&uatly perforn^ih'fe things which are there related : That he whofe fins are once yardoned^cannot fin again : And that no credit was to be afforded to men of Learning, but a/I things to be taught by the Spirit onely. Of thefe men Sanders lib. vi. %tyt iiitto^oftljci&zcsbptcmns 265 Sanders tells us i;i his Book Dc vi[tbiU Monarchia, fr'oi. 707, and placeth them ii: this prcicnt year 1570. But what became ot them, I finde not there, or in any others. And therefore I ;ceive, that cither thry were foon worn out for want of Com- »v , or loll thcmlclvcs amongff the Anabapttjis , Famililh, or f one Other. And this I look upon as one ot the firft Factions •Sioegft the Puritans themfelvcs , alter they had begun their icpafatiun from the Church of England : Which leparation, lo I egun as before is fatd , was doled again about this time by the hands of thofe who firft had laboured in the breach. . 2j. tor lo it waSjthat either out of love to their own profit, or the publick peace, fimc of them had confulted Bcza touching thit particular , that is to fay, whether he thought it more expedient for the good of the Church , 7 hit the Mmificrs fliould chufe rstber to furj'uks their I L>ckj,tben to conform unto fuch Order t as were tfj-n prescribed. W hereunto he returns this Anfwer : That many things both may and ought to be obeyed, which are not warrant- u ly commanded : That though the Garment/ in dijpute were not impojed upon the Church by any warrant from the Word of €od \ yet having nothing of impiety in them, he conceived that it were fitter for the Mini\lers to conform themf elves , then either voluntarily to forfak^e their Churches, or be deprived for their re- fufal •• That in hk>c manner the people were to be advtfed to fre- quent the Churches , and hear their Pajiors fo apparelled as the Church required , rather then utterly to forfakjt that fpiritual food, bf which their fouls were to be nourifhedto eternal life •' But jo, that firji the Mmificrs do dij charge their Confciences, by ma- king a modejt protetl ation agaiuji thofe t'ejiments , as well be- fore the .Queens Alajcffy, as their jeveral Bijhops'-> and Jo apply themfelvcs to Jujfer what they could not remedy. This might have (topt the breach at the iirft beginning, if either the Englilh Pu» ritans had not been too hot upon it , to be cooled fo fuddenly, or that he had not made his own good counfel ineffectual in the clofe of all : la which he tells them in plain terms, That if they could no otherwife prejervc their Jianding in the Church , them ei- ther by fubferibtng to the lawfulnefs of the Orders, Kites and Ce- remonies which were then required, or by giving any countenance to tb m by a faulty jilenct^ they fbould then finally give way to that open violence which they were not able to refitf j that is to lay, (for 10 I underftandhis meaning) that thev Ihuuld rather leave their Churches, then fubmit themfelves to luch conditions. But this direction being given toward the end of QQober , Anno 1567, fcems to be qualified in his Epiftle to the Brethren of the Forrcign Churches which were then in England, bearing dare June the fifth in the year next following s in which he thus re- folves the cafe propofed unto him : ihit for avoiding all dc- ftruSive ruptures in the body of Chrifi , by dividing the mensbers thereof from one another, it was not lawful for any man. of what Kanl^foever , to feparate kimfelf-> upon any occafton , from the M m Church 266 %%z $iftc# of fyt #jc8foptetian& lib .vi. — -< _ — , • Church of Chriji , in which the DoUrine is preserved whereby the people are inftru3ed in the ways of God , and the right lift of the Sacraments ordained by Chrifi is maintained invio- lable. 38. This might, I fay, have flopped the breach in the firft beginning , had not the Englifti Puritans been refolved to try foine conclufions before they hearkned to the Pretnifes. But finding that their party was not ft*ong enough to bear them out, or rich enough to maintain them on their private purfes, they thought it not amifs to follow the directions of their great Di- ctator. And hereunto the breaking out of thofe in Surrey gave feme further colour, by which , they fay, that nothing but con- iufion muft needs fall upon them 5 and that fo many Factions, SubaiiviuoBs, and Schifmatical Ruptures, as would inevitably eufue on the firft feparation, muft in fine crumble them to no- thing. And on thefe grounds it was determined to unite them- felves to the main body of the Church, to reap the profit o{ the fame $ and for their fafer ftanding in it-, to take as well their Orders as their Institution horn the hands of the Bifhops. But fo, that they would neither wear the Surplice oftnec then meer neceflity compelled them>or read more of the Cora* " moirprayers then what they thought might fa ve. them harm- lefs if they mould be queftioned 5 and in the mean time by de- grees to bring in that Difcipline, which could not be advanced at once, in all parts of the Kingdom. Which half Conformity they were brought to on the former grounds 5 and partly by an Act of Parliament which came out this year, 13 Eltz. cap, — 12. for the reforming of diforders amongft the Minifters of the Church. And they were brought unto no more then, a halt- Conformity, by reafon of fome claming which appeared unto them, between the Canons of the Convocation, and that Act of Parliament 5 as alfo in regard of fome interpofings which are now made in their behalf, by one of a greater Title, though of no more power, then Calvin, Martyr, Beza9pt the reft of the Advocates. 39. The danger threatned to the Queen, by the late fentence of Excommunication which was paft againft her, occasioned her to call the Lords and Commons tb affemble in Parliament, the Bifhops and Clergy to convene in their Convocation. Thefe laft accordingly met together in the Church of St. Paul, orjthe 5 of April 1 571. At which time Dr. whitgift, Mafter pfTrinity- Colledge4o Cambridge, preached the Latine Sermon. In which he infiftcd moft efpecially, upon the Inftitution and Authority of Synodical Meetings, on the neceffary ufe of EccleQaftical Veftments , and other Ornaments of the Church 3 the oppo- fition made againft all Orders formerly Eftablifhed , as well by Puritan/ z^papifis'-, touching in fine dn many other particula- rities', in rectifying whereof the care and diligence of the Synod was by him required. And as it proved, hi? counfel was not given l i b. vn. ?z\)t toiftoiy of tfir ^jesbpttnatw, given in vain. For the (irlr thing wh;ch toil owed 1 rul- ing of the Prolocutor j waia command given by the Ai 'i/u/ allj'mh sf thtbwer Houfe of Co*voc4tion% ml n.'.l; tncrly fubfiribel un\o the in/.ies of Kcltyjcn i ■• 15" a, Jl.ouLl 1'nij mic them novo $ or on th-tr abfolute r< /- procrajimation<,be e.\pel/ed (he Hun; . Which* ill, that the laid Book of Articlesbetng pu ►! ickly read, vt fally approved, and pcrfonaliy fubferioed by every M r of both Houfes , as appears cltarly by the Ratification at t!io end of thole Articles. In prolecution of whic i u I - 1 1 i r > fl prudent courle, it was further ordered, T&*t the tuci'ff Artnl I Jo approved, (kould be pnt into Print, by the appointment of the lityht Reverend Dr. John Jewel then tijbop of Sarum$ and that every h ijhop fhould tul^e a competent number of them, to be At- Jpcrj'td tn their I ijitations, or Drocejan Synods, and to In real four timet in aery year in all the f arijhes of their ,/ ani refpetitvc Dioiejjes. Which queftioBlefi aright have fettled a ii. ore perfect Conformity in all parti, of the Kingdom, foai< Ci- nons of theConvocation running much that way, if the Parlia- ment had fpoke nd early in if as the Convocation } or if feme (milter practice had not been excogitated to pervert tho e Ar- ticles, in making them to come out imperfect, and oonfequently deprived of life and vigour, which otherwife they would have carried. 40. The Earl of Leicester at that time was of great Authority, and had apparently made himlelf the head of the Puritan faftion. 1 hey alfo had the F.arl of Huntingdon, t\\e Lord \ro>th/en,d oth< rs in the Houfe of Peers) Sir Franctf Knoll is ^ Walftnghavi , and many more in the Houfe of Commons. To which (\iZanchy be to be believed, as perhaps he may be) foment the Rifhops may be added y who were not willing to tye the Funtanstoo clofe to that Sublctiption by the Aclof Parliament, which was required of themby the Acls and Canons of the Convocation, ft had been ordered by the Bifhops in their Convocation, lhat all the Clergy then affembled, Jliould J ttbfcnbethe Articles. And it was order- ed by the unanimous confent of the Bifhopsand Clergie, That none jhould be admitted from thenceforth unto Hrly-orders, till he hxd firji fubfcribed the fame, and J vlemnly obliged himfclf to defend the things therein contained, ets confonmt in all points to the Word of God, Can. 1571. Cap. de Lpilcop. But by thfhrft Branch of the Aft of Parliament, Subscription feemtd to be no otherwife required, then to fitch Articles alone js contained the C on f elf 1 on of the true ChrijJian faith, and the Doclrme of the holy Sacraments. Whrrebv all Articles relating to the Bo >k of Homilies, the Form of Confecrating Archbilhops and Bifhopt, the Churches power for the impolingot new Kites and Ceremonies, and r«taining thofealready made, fecmed to be purpolely omit- red, as not within the compafsof rhe laid Subfcription. And al- though no fuch Rcffriction do occur in the following Branches, , M m 2 by ;68 %l)t ^ifto# of tt)e ^eabytetiattsu L i b. v I. by which Subfcription is required indefinitely unto allthe Arti- cles 5 yet did thefitft Branch feem to havefuch influence upon all the refr,that it was made to ferve the turn of the Puritan Faction, whensoever they were called upon to fubfcribe to the Epifcopal ■ Government, the Publick Liturgie of the Church, or the Queens Supremacy. But nothing did more vifibly dilcover the defigns of the Faction, and the great power their Patrons had in the Publick Government, then the omitting the firft Claufe in the Twentieth Article: In which it was declared, That the Church had power to Decree Rites and Ceremonies^ and Authority in Con- troversies of Faith. Which Claufe, though extant in the Regi- sters of the Convocation as a part of that Article, and printed as a part thereof both in Latine and Englifh, Anno 1562, was totally left out in this new Impreffion j and was accordingly left out in all the Harmonies of Confejfions, or other Collecti- ons of the fame, which were either printed «at Geneva^ or any other place where Calvinifm was of moft predominancy. And fo it (rood withusin England till the death oi Leicejier. Afterwhich, in the year 1593, the Articles were reprinted, and that Claufe refumed, according as it ftands in the Publick Regifters. By which Claufe it was after publifhed in the third year of K. Jamer> and in the tenth year of thefaid King, Anno 15 12, and in all fol- lowing Impreflions from that time to this. Once cunningly omitted in a Latine Impreffion with came out at Oxon3 An. 1536. but the forgery wasfoon difcovered, and the* Book call'd in 5 the Printer checked, and ordered to reprint the fame with the Claufe pre- fixed. Which makes it the more ftrange, and almoft incredible, that tho Puritans ihould either plainly charge it as an Innovation on the late Archbifhop 5 or that any other fober or indifferent man Ihould make a queftion, whether the Addition of that Claufe were made by the Prelates , or the Subtraction of it by the Pu- ritans, for their feveral purpofes. . 41. There alfopaft a Book of Canons in this Convocation, by which ic was required. That all fuchm were admitted unto Holy- Order s, Jhould jubfcribe the Book^of Articles , as before was faid : That the Gray Amice, ft ill retained (as itfeems) by fome of the old Priejis of £jteen Maries time-t fjould be from thenceforth laid afide, and no longer ufed : That the Deans and Ke/identiaries,of Cathedral Churches fllould admit no other Form of faying or ftng- ing ^Divine Service of the Church, or adminijiring the holy Sa- craments-y then that which was prefcribedin the Publick. Liturgie : That if any Preacher in the fame, Jhould openly maintain any point of Doftrine contrary to any thing contained in the Book, of Arti- cles, or the Book,, of Common-Prayer , the Bifoop JI)ould be adver- tifed of it by the Dean and Prebendaricsjo the end he might proceed therein as to h>m feemed be ft : That no man be admitted to preachy in what Church j oever, till he belicenjed by the g)ueenyor the Arch- tifljop of the Province, or the Bifiop of the Diocefs in which he fer- veth: And that no Preacher bengfo licenfed^Jhould preach or teach *% Lib. v i. icijc $iOo# of tl:c tyrsbptrnai any thing for Doffr/n //, r> / e.l py i confonant to the 11 ord m Holy Si ■-; Fa then or Orthodox Biihops oi the Chi • ♦ from it : 'lh.it no Varj'nn I /car or Cur*. it the Common frtjtrs m any thtppclt (xr.itory or | Haiti (\ unUfs be were lite* fed by th- \ , o\ wn And lb it UQH+Of the perfms .tforrl .t I d ji <■/,/..•'.. y^ or carry htmj elf in his apparel or l^ind of life li*\t to an Laity: That th: f ''atA Varjons, I /ears and Cur ties, JkouU ye certijie to their fever tl Ordinaries^ the nawes and all perjons of fourteen ye.irsof o\gt and up.vards. whohtd not re- ceived the C . »imnnion*> or didreji/je to be imJlruQed m the rub- lul^ Cattcbifm h or that they Jloald not fu{] er any fitch prrjons to he (JOil-l at her or Cod Mother to any cb:ld, or to control any Mami^e, cijher between then/j elves , or with any other. Ir wis 1 1 To Ordered in thole Canons, [hat every Bid mid CM* liolj biblein the lar^tfl lolume to be j'et it? in fo-ne c on ;■■ >:K-tt place of his Hallor Varlonr\ thtt asjreli tbofe of hir own J t>mly, as all J itch jiran^ers as reforted to hint, mt^hlhive recourfe to it if they V leafed : rind that all Kijbopr^ Deans .ind Archdeacon* JI)ohU cauj'e the Hool^ called , The Acts .ind M wni'n.n:-, to be difpofed of in Itliefort, for the itfe if ore fa id. The fir ft ol .. Injunctions feemi to have been made for keeping up the Repu- tation of the EoglKh Bibles publickly Aurho iz rh life ot this Church. The credit and Authority o^ which Tranfla- tion, Was much decryed by thole ot the Genevi in Faction, to advance their own. By theother there was nothing aim d ar, butto gain credit to the Book, which ferved lo fcifonably to Create an odiuvt, in all forts or people, ngainft the Tyrannies and Superstitions ot the Pope of Rome, whole plots and practices did Co apparently intend the mine ot jhe(^_\een and Kingdom. No purpofc either in the Bifhops or Clergie to juftifie all or any or* the paffages in the fame contained, which have been llnce made ufe ot by the Difciplinarians, either tocountenance fome (ft an Doctrine, or decry foine Ceremony } to which he file wed him- fclf a Friend orEnemy, as the cafe might varv. 42. Fortified withthefe Canons and Synodical Aets. the Pre- lates (hew thcmfelVci more earned in requiring Subfcription, more zealous in pretlin^ for Conformity then before they did}but found a differ op f>ofitioa in the runt in Faction, then could be rationally expected. For whether, ir were, that they reived up- 00 their Friends in C« utt, or that fome Lawyer! had informed them that by the Statute no Subfcription was to be required of them, but only unto points of Doctrine) certain it i>, that thcy Wereoow more infolent and intractable then thev had been for- merly. For now, the better to difgilifc theit Projects to wound the I >i(cipline, the quarrels about Surplices and other Vcihnents [which teemed to have been banillied a while) are revived a^ai: complaints made of their luiFerings in it to the Fofretgo Churches; and 270 %tje ^i&C2? of t^e $jesbpietian& Lib .vi. and the report is fpread abroad (to gain the greater credit to their own perverfenefs) that many of the Bilhops did as much abominate thofe Popifh Veftmentsas any of thebrethren did. For fo writes Zanchya. Divine of Heidelburg^in his Letters unto Queen Elizabeth of September the fecond 5 and writes fo by direction, from the Prince Eledror fwhom they had engaged in the caufe) out of an hope to take her off from giving any further counte- nance to the Bilhops in that point of Conformity. To the fame purpofe he writes alfo to Bifhop Jewel on the 11 of September, Where he informs (as be had been informed himfelf) That many of the Ecclefyajlical Order would rather chufeto quit their Jlation in the Church^and rejig*/ their offices-, then yield to the wearing of thofe Veflments which had been formerly defiled by fuch grofs Su- perjiition. He alfo fignifies what he had writ unto theQueen^of whofe relenting he could give himfelf no great affurance^ and that he had alfo been 3dvifed to write tofomeof tneClergie, to the end that they might be perfwaded to a prefent Conformity, rather then deprive the Church of their future Miniitery. The profecution of which work he commends to jfea>e/,that by thein- terpofingof his Authority, they might be brought to yield to the points propofed, and thereby be continued in the exercife of their Vocation. Which laft claufe could not chufebut be ex- ceeding acceptable to that Heverend Prelate $ who had (hewed himfelf fo earneft for Conformity, in a Sermon preached by him at theCrofs, that he incurred feme cenfure for it amongft the brethren Which put him to this Proteftation before his death, 7 hat his laji Sermon at S. Pauls Crofs, and Conference about the Ceremonies and jiateof the Church , was not topleafe any man livings nor 'to grieve his brethren of a contrary opinion $ but onelj te this end, that neither party might prejudice the other. But he was abletoactn6thing inpqrfuance of Zanchy's motion, by rea- fonof his death within few days after, if not fome days before he received that Letter. For on the 11 of the fameMoneth, it pleafed God to take him to himfelf 5 and thereby to deprive the Church of the greateft Ornament which fhe could boaft of in that age. The /nd of the fxtb^oo^ Lib. VII a7» A E% I V S %ET>IVIVVS: The Hiftory Of the PRESBYTERIANS. L.B.VII. Containing A Relation of their fecret and open Pra&ices ^ the Schilm and [ a:uon by than raffed for advancing the Gcncvhn Discipline in the Church of Eiigland,/rwtf the year 1572,/^ the year 1584. T ^He Englifh Puritans had hitherto maintained their Qnar- rel by the Authority of Ca!vin,thc fawcinefs of Knox^ the hold activities of Bcz,^9 and the more moderate interpofings of fome Forrcign Divines, whofe name was great in all the Churches of the Reformation, But now they are re- folvedto try it out by their proper valour} to fling away their Bulrufhes, and lay by their Crutches, or at the befr to make no other ule of Out-Iandifli Forces, then as Auxiliaries and Rc- ferves, if the worftfhould happen. And hitherto they had ap- peared onely againft Caps and Surplices, or quefrioned fome Rites and Ceremonies in the publick Liturgic which might be thought to have been borrowed from the Church of Rome : But now they are refolved to venture on the Epifcopal Government, and to endeavour the erecting of the rrttbjteri-tn , as time and opportunity (hould make way unto it. Amongft which under- takers YJ1 $$e$ffto;; of fye ^jesbpteriang. Lib.VII. takers,none more eminent5becaufe none more violent then Cart- might i formerly reujejnbred : Suapeoi Northampton, a great itickler for the holy Difcipline j and Feild a Lecturer in London,** ridiculouily zealous to advance Presbytery,^ the moft forward in i%e pack. But Cartwngbt was the man upon whofe Parts and Learning they did moft depend, and one who both by private fetters-, and Tome Printed Pamphlets, had gained more credit it) the fide then all the reft. And yet it was amongft his own onely that he gained fuch credit : For when his Papers hadbeen fhewn unto Bilhop Je&el, and that the Judgement of that RlvV rendaiid Learned Prelate was demanded of them, he is faid to have returned thisanfwer, that the Arguments therein contain- ed were toe flight to build up , and too wea^ to p«// down. And fo it proved Jn the event , whfa drtwrights whole difcourfes againft the Forms of; Government andPubtick. Worftiip, here by Law eftablifhed, came tobeferioufly debated. 2. For having been long great with Childe of fomenewde- iigne, the Babe comes forth in the beginning of the Parliament which was held in the year 1572 , -intituled by the name of an Admonition $ in which9 complaint was made of. their many grie- vances, together with a Declaration of the onely way to redrefs the fame } which they conceived to be no other then the fetling of the Genevian Platform in all parts of the Kingdom. But the Parliament was fo little pleafed with the Title, and fo much dffpleafed with the matter of the Admonition^ that the Authors and Preferrers of it were imprifoned by them. But thisimpri- fonment could lay no Fetters on their fpirits, which grew the more exafperated, becaufe fo reftrained. For towards the end of the Parliament, out comes the fecond Admonition , far more importunate then the firft $ and it comes out with fuch a flafh of Lightning, and fuch claps of Thunder3 as if Heaven and Earth were presently to have met together. In the firftj he had a- malTed together all thofe feveral Arguments which either his 'reading could affotd, or , his wit fuggeft, or any of that party could excogitate for him againft the Government of Bilbops, the whole body of the Englifh Liturgie, and almoft all theparticu- Jar Offices in the fame contained. And in the fecond, he not onely juftiflcd whatfoever had been found in the fitft, but chal- lenged the Parliament for not giving it a more gratiou? wel- come : For there he tells them in plain terms, Thai the State did not pew it felf upright, alledge the Parliament whit it will : That all hone(i men Jhould finde lack of equity , and all good Consciences condemn that Court: That it ftould be eafter for Sedoin 4#$/ Gomorrha in the day of Judgement, then for fuch a Parliament- That there is no other ifang to be looked for th.n fomefpeedy vengeance to light upon the whAe Land, let the Toli- //'n^Machiavils of England provide as well as they can , though God do his worft : And finally , that if they of that Affembly would not follow the advice of the firji Admonition, they would infallibly jnjttiiLh he tb-tr o\rn carvers im it-, i rch being bound tc kcc / at.d nothing to be culled G . QrtltT lut their pre/ 1 nt ll.tt for; g. About this time, Clark, Tr avers , Gardiner , larber^hcfto* $ ar.dlalfly, Cropland l-gerton, joynedrhemfclvei to the Brother- hood. Among ft whom, the handling of Inch points a* concern- ed the Di Helpline became very frequent , nuuiv motioai beim* made, and iomc conclutions let led in purfuancc of it (bill particularly, ir W2i relolvcd upon the queftion, 'J hat for as much 48 divers Btfokj had been written, ,%nd juftdry Petitiont exhibited $$ktr Atsjeftjjike Parliament, And their Lordjhips, to littlepurpofc, every mm I therefore labour by all means pojfiblc to bring the Reformation into the Church. It was alio then and there rc- folvcd . That for the better bringing in of the j aid holy Difci- pltne, . . ! nit onelj, M well publickjy as privately teach ttf but by little and hi: veil as pojfibly they mighty draw the fame into pr According to which Kefolution, a Presby- ter \ d on r he 20 of November, at a fmall Village in Surrey, called li'andf worth , where Field had the Incumbencie, or cureot Souls ~ a place conveniently fcituate for thcLondott- Brethren, as (landing near the bank of the Thames , but four mil ci from the City, and more retired and out of light then any 01 their own Churches about the Town. This lirlt Ffrablifh- meat they in dor fed by the name of the Orders of W and] worth. In* which the Elders names arc agreed on, 'the manner of the Flection declared, the approversof them mentioned, their Offices agreed on alfo , and defcribed. And though the Queen might have no notice of thii firft Ffrablifliment, yet the knew very well both by their Preachings and Writings, that they had defamed theChurch ot England , that many of them refuted to be prc- fent at that Form of Worihip which had the countenance of the Laws, and had let up a new Form of their own deviling : Which moved the Qjeen to look upon them as men of an unquiet and feditious fpirir, greedy of change, intent on the definition of all things .which they found eftabliihed , and ready once again to break out into open Schifm. For the preventing whereof, file gave command, That the feverity of the Laws for peeping up the "Uniformity #/ Gods Publicly lf'or(hrp, jhould be forthwith put m execution : And that all fuch fcandalous Eoohj and Pamphlets (the firjl and fecond Admonition amongfi the reft) foauld ei- ther be immediately delivered to fome hifop in their fever al 1'iei ejjesjor to fome one or other of the Lords of the Council, up- on pain of imprifonment. 4. The Proclamation much amazed the Difciplinarianf, who were not onely more follicitous in fearching into the true Caufc and Originialof it, then ready to execute their vengeance up- on all fuch Councellors as they fufpeiTred for the Authors. Sir C hrijlopber Hatton was at that time in efpecial favour, Vice- chamberlain, Captain of the Guard, ani aftewards Lord-Chan- N n cellot 274 3E&e$i&o#0j tt)e^esbptcnan& Lib.vii. cellor alfo* in the whole courfe of his preferments, of a. known averfnefs to the Earl of Lcicefter , and consequently no friend to the Turitati Faction. This obftacle muft be removed one way or other, according to that Principle of the ancient Dona- tijht for murthering any man of what f\.ank foever which op- pofed rheir Practices. This Office Burchet undertakes $ and un- dertakes the Office upon this Opinion, that it .was'lawful toal- faffinateany man who oppofed the Gofpel. But being blind with too much light, hemiftook the man j and meeting i:i the Street with Waxvkjns \' one of the greateft Sea-Captains of th'c. times he lived in, he (tabbed him defperately with a Ponyard, conceiving that it had been Hatton their protefl'ed Enemy. For. which committed to the Tower , he was there examined, foundT to hold many danger jus and. erronious Tenents \ and thereup- on ftnt Prifoner to the Lol/ardt-l ower. From theqee being called into the Confiftory of Sr.P^«//, before the Bifhop of Lon- don and divers others , and by them examined, hefrill peril- ed in his errors, till the fejirence of death was ready oh the 4 of November to be pronounced againft him as an Heretick. Through the perfwafions of fome men, who took great pains with him, he made a (hew as if he had renounced and abjured thofe.Opi- nions for erronious and damnable, which formerly he had im- braced with fo frronga pa (lion. From thence returned untothe Towerby the Lords of the Council, he took an opportunity when one of his Keepers was withdrawn, to murther the other j intending the like aifo to his Fellow, if he had not happily e- fcaped it. For which Fact he was arraigned and condemned at WcUminft.tr on the morrow after, and the next day he was hanged up in the very place where he wounded Hawkjns 9 his Right-hand being firft cut off, and nailed to the Gibber; a piece of JufHce" not more fafe then fealonable ; the horrtdnefs of the Fact, and the complexion of the times, being well con- fidered. 5. The Regular Cletgy flept not in fo great a tempeft as was then hanging over their heads $ but fjpeat themfelyes in cenfu- ring 3nd confuting Cartwrights Pamphlets, which gave the fir ft Animation to thofe bold attempts. Whar cen&fefe Bifhop Jewel paff upon Cartrvrights Papers, hath been fhewn before \ and he will give you his opinion of the Author alfo, of whom it is re- ported-that he gave this Character, viz. Stnltitia nata eft in carcU pucri^fed virga Difciplin* fugabit earn : That is to fay; I bat jolly had been bred in the heart of the young mant and no- thing but a Rod of curreU'wn would remove it from him.. But Jewel had cnely Ccen fome fcattered Papers intended for mate- rials in the following Pamphlet, which ivhitab^er both faw and eenfurtd when it wascompleat. For writing of it unto if'hit- gifti he reports Jiim thus ; Quem Cartwrightirs nuper emifit li» kellunt-i &cc. 1 h!ftowofti)e#2t*bptcuans 175 t ,r. foil therein, he withdraws to Guemfcf firft , and to Antwerp afterwards 5 erecting the Presbytery in thofc Forrcign Nations, which he could not com- pafs in his own. 7. For though the Brotherhood had attempted to advance their Difcipline, and fet up their Presbyteric in the Church of Wandfrvarth\ yet partly by the terror of the Proclamation , and partly by the feafonablc execution of Burcbet, they were reftrain- «ed from praftifing any further at the prefent on the Church of England, But what they durft not do dirc&ly, and in open fight, they found a way to aft obliquely, and under the difguife of fitting up another Church of ftrangers in the midft of London. Many of the Low-Countrey men, both Merchants, Gentlemen and others, had, fled theirCountrey atthecoming in of theDuke of Alva, fettled their dwellings in the Ports and Sea-Towns of England which lay neareft to them, and in good numbers took up their abode in Loudon. Nor did they onely bring Families with them, but their Factories alfo: Their fever* 1 Trades and Manufactures \ as the making of all forts of StufTs,rich TapifrYies, and other Hangings of lefs worth s and by their diligence there- in, uot onely kept many poor Englim Families in continual work, but taught the Englifh the fame Arts which they brought hither with them. Such welcome Guefts mutj needs have fome En- couragement to remain here always. And what Encouragement could be greater and more welcome to them, then toenjoythe liberty of their own Religion, according to fuch Government and Forms of Worfhip as they had excrcifed at home? KinR Nn 2 Edward 27-6 %$q^\^w titty $imtyttmxi& Lib. vii. Edward had indulged the like priviledges to John Alafco , and Queen Elizabeth Co the French j neither of which were fi> conli- derable as the F.'emHh Inmates. A fuit is therefore made by their Friends in Court, for granting them the Church of Augu- fine Fryers, where John Ala fco formerly held his Dutch Con- gregation '■> and' granting jt with all fuch Priviledges and fmmu< nitits as the Dutch enjoyed. And that they might proceed in letting vv their Presbyteries and new Forms of Wormip, they obtain not onely a Connivance or Toleration, bur a plain Ap- probation of theit agings in it. For in the Letters which <*on- firmed this new Church unto them, it is exprefly fignified by rhe Lordsof the Council, That they knew well, that front the firfi he'ginnitigofthe Christian Faith, different Rites and Ceremonies had been ufed in fome parts thereof , whichwere not pra&ifed in the other" : That wbilft fome thrijiiansworfiipped God upon their knees, others eretl upon their feet, .and fome again groveling on the ground ? therewas antofigli iham allbut one and the fame Re- ligion, as long as the whole a&ion tended to the honor of God, and that there was no Superjiition and Impiety in it : That they contemned not the Rites which the/e Dutch brought with them , nor pkrpofed to compel them to the pra&ice of thofe wh9bh were ufeel in England \ but that they did approve and allow their Ce- remonies, as fitted and accommodated to the nature of theCoun- trey from whenct theycame. Which priviledges tfiey enlarged by their Letter of the 29 of June, in the year next following, Jttt. 15745 extending them to all fuch of the BelgicJtProvinces as reforted hither, and joyned themfelves unto that Church , though otherwife difperfed in feveral parts and Sea-Towns for their own conveniences 5 which gave the firft beginning to the new Dutch Churches in Canterbury , Sandwich? Tarmouth, Nor- vetch, and fome other places in the North ; to the great animati- on of the presbyters, and the difcomfort of all fuch who ftece of judgement to forefeet he fad confequents of it. 8. With likefelicUy they drove on their defigns in Jerfey and Gvemfey ', in the two principal Towns whereof, the Difcipline- had been permitted by an Order of the Lords of the Council, as before was fafd. But not content wirh that allowance which the Lords had given them by His Majefties great grace and fa- vour^ theit Preachers, being for the moft p-art natural French- men, -had "introduced it by degrees into all the Villages $ fur- thered therein by the Sacrilegious Avarice of the feveral Gover- nors, cut of a ho"p«to have the fpoil of the poor Oeanries, to ingrofs all the Tythes unto themfelves, and then put off the Mi- nifters with fome far ry ftipends , asin fine tfoey did. But firft thofe I (lands were to be didevered by fome Ad of State, from bein£'any longer Members of the Diocefs, or fubjeft to the Ju- tifdicliono'f the ■ Bifhops of Conftance. And that being eaiily obtained, it was thought fit ttart Shapt antl Cdrfwright, the great Supporter of the^ulVrti England, (hould befent unto them to puc Lib. vii. X^eJ9ifta?yQfttjf^;fsb^fnan^ 277 put their Churches in a pofture, and fettle t!u- hiluplinc amongft ih'-in it) Uuh form and manner .is it was pracriTcd la (< and amount I he t re neb. Which fell our happily tor Cartwnoht ashiscale I rood i who beiof Worlfed mthc l.\ l\ Kno unfr be- twixt him uid h hitgifi, had now a handlome opport unity to go off with credit} nor as it' warded in the tight, qui r.w h t oll.vl away ro another rrval. U pori th s [flyu atjon i he\ let lull forthf Iflands, and take the charge thereof upon their } the one <>t the'm being made the titular Fa llor ot t he Gallic of Mount OrgmtiL in the Ideot jerfey, and the other of C attic-Cornet, iutheLludc or Guemfey. Thuscjiialilicd, they convene theGi-urche* o1: each llland, communicate unto i hrjn a rude Draught *f the Holy Uif- cipline ) which afterguards was pohlhed, and accommodated to the life of th'.le (Hands: but not agreed upon and exerciled un- til the year ne\t It) low ing ; a*, appears by rhe I it Ic of it, which is this, viz. 1 b ■ t • i( leji ijttcdl Dijciplme objerved and pra&if&d by the Churches of J 'lev and GuernPcy, after the Re f or m At ton of ' the fame by the A/imjierj , Elders and Deacons of the Jjies of Gucrnfey, Jeiley, Sark .»«r.l- mU of the C hurcbof Englands departing from // . In which book headvanced the Dilcipline to lo great a height, as made it nccetfary for all Chriltian Kangs and Fences * to lubmit tHuicD'f' unto it, and lay down their Crowns and Sceptersat theChurches ' 'P l>»* om' teer, even to the very licking up ot the dull thereof, if occalion n".Rtlet& Were. But Travers fojourhed in Geneva when he wrote t"his book fafeei fmu ared it in a Letter to Knox> Am. 1572. In which he reckons it as great and lignal blefling from Almighty God, that they had introduced in Scotland, not onely the t rue Worfhip of God, but the Difcipiine alio, which was tiebefr. Frelervative of thetruth of Doctrine. Which therefore he delires him lo to kecptoge- tlur, as tfobe'fpre, that ff the one be loft (that is, laid ahde) the othtr is not like to continue long. Aod Cartwrt^bt leading in the lame path alio, heightnyd ic above all which hid gone before, K f v* %ty $j\it\\s, whom (he found hold: 1 m the y'c.ir n< r i foRou t:i£. i+. For. loir Wis, that nunv of eh -- »rt- i :l by degrees wit hdr.i w themlelves from h uimuniori, and held their Conventicle 1 r fr< nthereir i . Of i Ionic openly declared thcmitlvesfot thcStrft of the /fn ahaptifit '-, others would need* be M n b rs of the Family ot Henry tW.t/,(who had been or.ee a Member or the Dutch Chqrch , J*bn 4t*fco) Called commonly the- Family of Loin. Or yjhich w c have lpokm in the Hiltory or the Belgicl^ troul» C {Lib. 3. N*mb.^6.y And i*>r content to entertain thole new Opinions jiuUlout's.iiii.'nl*^ t h' ;nl"« !ve-, thfr rhufl draw in th I ilgtifh a!(o, to parti*, fpate wit I] them } who hivi::.- deviated fr.>m t he I iths-or rheChurefV, were like enough to tall int I nther, ;iiid ro purine rftofe crool I -r , in which the ruining H 1 -risks of thofe times did/arid had gone be for* them. Kur fuch .1 diluent eye \ro*h:ul upon .ill.rht.ir practices, that they were lied in the begrnning; For upon Lajier-day, about nine in the Mbrnitrg, Wit dilllnied a Couventiele of thefe An.tbaptijis , / utch-meny at an froulc without the Burr of Aldg.tte h Whereof" twenry feve'j were takm and fent to prffon , and t't.ur of theuj bearing Fagbts^t St. Pa//// Croi's, recanted inform followii, viz. Whereat /,NN being /educed by the /pirit of Frror, .ml by falft Te tchers his Almifteri, have / tllen into m mi I \J**able .tnd deiejfafle Hertftf, vi/. 1 . Thai Chriji took not j!vJ?j of the J'ub- fed I'irern Mary : 2. 7«6«J Infants b-rn of faith- ful l'.i\'nts, ou»'t.t to hi tiebaptized : 3. lh.it Wo Chn'fii.m mm ounbt to Be .t Af.t^ijirate, or bear the Sword or Office of Authori- ty : 4. And th.tt it if not I artful for a Christ 1. in man to take at (i itb. Xorr by the Grace of God\ and through Conference mth^ooi and Le.tmed Mtnijiers ofChrijt hk Church; I do unieriiand '. .ic knowledge the /ime tct'bemlc .in jtabte h reflets and do Jjli Cod here bejott hit Chnr.h merry for tny I former Vrrorr , and do forjaltc them, recant, and renounce them.ind at) ire them from the very bottom of my htart. And fur- ther I romj V , that the irhoic DoSrint and Helicon cfi dlijlid in t'.-< '< rtni of Fn^bnd , ar alt'o thit rrbiib if reditftd apd pr i Dutch Church h:> - it found, trme^and acordm^ to the Word of God %.rrh'.r^hn'.^ : >t til things I f>*b*b;t my /elf \ .mi will vitft cl idly re a ALmber of t . I D'jtch Church '■> front / 'th utterly aband^mn ; iniforjilmg jM i-'very A .i.'.> iptil'tical Error. 'ii.lhn a8o %ty fytfmy of tl)e ##sfoptettau& l i b. vir. ii. This gave a (top to many of them at their firft fettingout. But fome there were, who neither would be terrified with the fear of puniihment, or edified by the Retra&ation which thofe four had made j continued in theirformer courfes with great per' tinrcity j infomuch3that on the 21 of May , .being tvhitfon-Eve, no fewer then eleven of that Sect, all Dutch, (that, is to fay, one man and ten Wcmen) were condemned inthe Confiftory at St. Pauls, to be : burned i# Smithfield.nvA though great pains w|^ ta- ken t'o reclaim thepfrcm thofe wicked Errorsyyetfuch was their obftinacicand pervcrfotfcjthat'one Woman onely was converted. The red had fo muchmctcy fhevved them9 as to bebanifhed the Realm without further puuifhment ? which gave the greater reso- lution to the reft of their company to be more practical then be- fore in promoting theii Heretics. Which put the State upQn a juft neceffity of proceeding more feverely againft fome of them, then by Bonds and baniftiments : Two of the fame Nation and Opinions being buret in Smithfield on the fecond of July, where they dyed with very great horror, expreftby many roar- ings and cryings5 but without any figne cr#fliew o/true Repen- tance. Before the executing of which fentence, John Fox the Englim Marty rologift. addrefthis Letters to the Queen , in which he i'upplicated for the lives of thofe wretched men, and offered many pious and prudential reafons for the reverfing of that fenteccej or at the leaft , for ftaying it from execution. By which he fo prevailed upon her, that (he consented to a gratious fparing of their lives, it on a months Reprieve, and Conference in the mean time with Learned men, they could be gained un- to a retractation of their damnable Herefies. But that expedient being tryed, and found ineffectual, the forfeiture of their lives was taken, and the fentence executed. Nor had the Dutch Church of Norwich any better Fortune, or could pretend to be more free from harbouring fome Fanatical fpirits, then the Dutch Congregation in the Auguftine Fryars. From fonie of which it may be probably fuppofed,that Matthew Hamant, a popr Plow- wright of FeatNlrfety within three Miles »of Norwich , took his firft impr'eifrons, which afterwards appeared in more horrid 61a- fphemies then any Englifli ever had been acquainted with in the times preceding. For being fufpected to hold many dangerous and unfound Opinions, he'was convented before the Bilhop of that City ■> at what time it was charged upon him, that he had ,ptublickly maintained thefe Herefies following, that is to fay, that the, new left anient or Cofpel was but meerfooiifinefs, and a fiory of men, or rather a meer Fable; that he was reftored to Grace of the free Mercy of Cod , without the means of Cbrifi his Blood and Pajjion : That Chriji is not Cod, or the Saviour of the World, but a ftnful man, a meer man , and an abominable idol 5 and that all they that wo/Jhip him , are abominable idolaters : That Chrtfi did not rife again from death tox life by the power of hk Godhead^ neither that he afcended into Heav.n : That the • holy Lib. vn. %ty%\fo;)>rtti)sfr;tstyttxm\z> Holy Ghojl is not Go J, and ih,it tb>-rc is no fuck thing as an Holy Ghuji; lb.it bJpttjv.' ix not necejjary in the < hunb .■>(' Go J y nor the ujc of the Sacrament of the Lo^y unci blood »f Ch'ijl. For which he was condemned tur an Heretic k in tn. Bllhops C u- filtory , on the Fourteenth of Aprils and being thereupon delivered to rhe Sb< I ill «»r rhe Cir\ , he was burnt in.t he'C «lt le- Ditch on the 1 \\ cmrcfth ot Afaj 1 5 ~ v • As ■» preparative to which punilhnrenr, his ears he! becncutili on the Lhirtcen'h ot rhat Moneth , tor bale and tlanderuus words againlk the Q_.een and Council. ^ i 2. About the fame time that the AnjJtif'kkflt were fir ft brought toCcnlure, there fpawned another k«py_t)t Hcretieiu, who had its rirlt Original auiongQ the Dutch, and tro n ti n e England with the rtlt oi their brethren. T-|uie galled • ees the t amily of Lovc^a bctoic is laid «, Pn>i weje (o well eo edit- ed ot their own great holinefs, that they thought nunc to be Elected to Eternal lite, but. inch as w.re admitted into their : ciety. The particulars or their Opinions, and the ftrjngc man- ner of Exprcilions, have been inlilted on before. Let it lulh :c, that by their ieeming Sanctity, and other the like dcceitftftl arts of DiUimulation, they had diawu fooie ot the Lngliih to thcru '-, who hav ng broke the bond of peace, could, oot long keep tbem- fclves to the Spirit of Unity. Some of them being detected, and convented tor it, were condemned to do Penance at S Pauls Crols } and there to make a Ket iteration ol their former Error*. According to which Sentence, live ot them are brought thither on the I 2 of June } who there confeft themfelves utterly todc- teft, as well the Author of thar Sect, H. N. as all his damnable Herehes. Which gentle pumthuicnt, did rather ferve to mul- tiply then decreate the Sect } which by the diligence of the Hereticks, and the remifnefs of the new Archbi'h >p , came to fuch an height, that courte was taken at the laft for their appre- henfion, and tor the fevcre punifliing of thofc which were (o ap- prehended. For theQjaeen ferioufly considering how much (lie was concerned, both in honor and fafety, to prefcrve leeiigion from the danger threatn^d by fuch delperate H'-'reticks, pubiilh- ed her Proclamation on the ninth ot otfober^ j4*. I 580, tor bring- ing their ptrlbns unto jultice, and cauling their peiriient Pam- phlets to be openly burnt. And to that end, Ihe gave a ftriit Command to all Temporal judges, 'and other Miuilters of Ju- ftice, to be afiiftani to the Bifhopw and their under Officers, in the fevcre punifhing of thofe Sects and Se&ariei , by which the happinefs of rhe Church was fo much endangered. By which fevcrities, and a Formal Abjuration preleribcd unto them by the Lords of the 'Council , thel% Sedts were lealonably fup- prcfled, or had the realbn to conceal theml elves amonglt fuch ol the Brethren as did continue in their Separation from the Church of f-nfjand. 13. In the meantime, there hapued a great alteration in the O o ftate a$ i %t}t tyittmv oftije 0jeSbpter fomewhat more mo- derate then the other^but no good Friend neither to the Church of England, as appears by his intcrpofiogs in behalf of the brethren, when they were under any Cenfure for their inconformity. To this man Grindal renders an account 01 his Preferment. both to Tori^and Canterbury : To him he fends Advertifement how thing* went in Scotland^ his Advancement tothe firft 5 and of the pre^ fent ftate of affahsin England, when he came tothe other, The like Intelligence he maintained with JBulIingeri Gualter^ andfome of the chief Divines aniongft the *Sn>itzers, taking great pride in being courted by the Leading-men of thofe feveral Churches, though they had all their ends Upon him, for the advancing of Presbytery and Inconformity in the -Church of England. 1579. 24- Upon thefe grounds, the Presbyterians gave themfelves good hopes of the new Archbilhop j and they Toon found how plyant he was like tc prove to their expectation. Heentred on thus great Charge in the Moneth of February 15755 at which time the Prelates and Clergie were affembied* in a Convocation-? by whom a Book of Articles was agreed upon for the better t\eigle- ment of the Church. In the end'whereof, this Article wasfuper- added by their procurement $ viz,. That the Biflops jhould take order , thtt it be publijbed and declared m every Panflj-Churtb within their Diocejfes, before the firft day of May then next fol- lowing, Thai Marriages might be folemmzed at all ttwesJn the year 5 fo that the Banes on their feveral Sundays or Holidays,, in the Fervice-tinte) were openly asked *" the c hujrth, and noimpedi- went obje&ed$ and fo that alfo thefaid Marriages bepubUckJj folem- L i b. vii. %ty Ijiftoip of ttjc iD;esb>>tcrians. *i 1 folemniz,ed in the face of the Church , at the aforefaid time of Morning Tray er. But wht n the Book was offered to t he Qucrn> poulalj Ine difiiled thil Article, and would hy no means fuffcr It to be printed amongO the reft i a's appears by a Marginal Note in the Publick Heg Iter of ihlf Convocation. Winch though it might fufnetenrly have dMcouraged them from the like Inn va- tiuns, yet the licit yeaf they ventured on a bulintfs ot a h ghee nature, which was the t.ilhf\ log and corrupting ot the (."'Minn n- Prayer-Book. In which, being then pnblilhed by R ich trd 'jngi/e the Queens Ma jedics Printer, and publilhed Cum Privtle^io tie- git.' Majetfatif , as the Title intimates ; the whole.- Order ot Pri- vate B ptifm, and Confirmation of Children was quite omitted. Inttjcfirft of which it had been declared, That Children being born in Origin tl Jin, vrcrc by the haver of R -generation in Bap- tifm afribed unto the number of Gods Children, ahd made the Heirs of Life Eternal^ and in the other, ihit by the Imposition Of hands and Prayer, they receive jlrength jgauijt \m, the world and the Devil. Which grand omirtions were dcligned to no other purpofc,but by degrees to bring the Church ot England in- to fome Conformity to the delired Orders of Geneva. This I find noted in the Preface of a bork writ by William Reynolds, a virulent Papiffc I confefs,but one that may be a edited in a matter or Fact, which might fo eafily have beeu refuted by the Book it felf, if he had any way belyed ir. 15. Nothing being done for punifhing of thisgrear abufe, they enter upon another Project : Which Teemed totendoncly to the encreafe of Piety in the Profellbrs of the Cofpel } but was in- tended realty forthe furtherance of the Holy Difcipline. The deffgn was, that all the Minifters within fuch a Circuit, fhould meet upon a day appointed to exercife their gifts, and expound the Scriptures , one being chofen at each meeting for the Mode- rator, to govern and direct the Aftion } the manner whereof was this thn followethrTta Minijlers of fome certain PrecincJ did meet on fome weel{ chjt in fome principal Town ? of which Meeting fome ancient grave Mini jlcr w,n Ptejident, and an Auditory ad- mitted of Gentlemen, and other perfont of Leifure. There every Mimjler fucce]fively (jhe youngeii jiili beginning) did handle ont and the fame piectof Scripture, fp en din g fev trail y fome quarter of an hour and bttter\ but in thewhfle, fome two hours. And the Exercife being begun and concluded with prayer , the Presi- dent giving them another Theam for the next Meeting (whicbwas every Fortnight) the j laid Ajjembly wm difolved. The Exercife they calledbythe name of Propberying \ grounded uponthofc words of the Apoftle, 1 Cor. 14 I}, viz. tor ye may all prophecy tne by one^ that all may learn^ and all be comforted. But tinding that the Text was not able to bear it our, they added thereunto fuch pious and prudenti'l Keafons, as the beft wits amongft them could devife fi>r the prelent. And. though this Project was cx- treamly magnified and doted on with uo lef$ pafiioo by lome O o 2 Cowntrey a? 4 %l)e^tfio^Dftj)e^esbvtenan0. Lib. vi r. Countrey- Gentlemen , who were enamored of the beauty and appearance of it * yet was it found upon a diligent enquiry, that there was fomething elfe intended therl their Edification* For it was eafieto be proved, that under colour of thofe Meet- ings for Religious Exercifes, the Brethren met together and con* fu red of the common bufinefs, and furioufly declaimed againft Cnurch and" State. 1579. J6- Thefe Meetings Grindal fkft connived at when he fate at Tork, under pretence of training up a pre'aching Miniffery for the Northern parts. But. afterwards he was fo much poilefTed With the faocy of if, that he drew many of the Bifhops in «the Province of Canterbury to allow them alfo. By means whereof, they came to befo frequent inmoft parts of the Kingdom, that they began to look with a face of danger, both on P.ince 'and Prelate. For having oncefettled themfelves in thefe ntw Conven- tions with fomefhew of Authority, the Leading-Members exer- cifed rhe Jurifdiftion ofcer all the reft, intrenching rhereby on the power of their feveral Ordinaries, And they incroached fo far at Jaff. onthe Queens Prerogaiive,astoappoint days for folemn Farts, under pretence of Sanctifying thofe rxejigiou kxercifes to the good of the Nation, as afterwards in their Clailicai andSynodical Meetings, which took growth fr*om hence. Threeyears thefe Prophefyings had continued in the Province of C anterbnvy , before the Qjeen took notice of them. But then tnc> wet$ prefemed to her with fo ill a complexion, that fhe«bcgan to ftartle at the firft: fight of them. And having ferioufly weighed all inconve- niences which might thence enfue, (he fends for Grindal tocome to hefr , reproves him for permitting fuch an Innovation to be ob- truded on rhe Church, and gave him charge to fee it fuddt?nly fupprefied. She complained alfo,that the Pulpit was grown too common, invaded by unlicensed Preachers, andfuchas preached fedition amongftthe people 5 requiring him to take fome order^ that the Homilies might be read more frequently , and fuchSer- moQS preached more fparingly thenof late they hadbeen. But this was hard meat, not io eafiiy chewred } therefore not like to be digeftcd by fo weak a ftomach. Inftead of adding any- thing in order to the Queens Commands , he writes unto her a mofr tedious and voluminous Letter : In which he firft prefents her with a fad remembrance of tke Difcourfe which pafi between, them, and the great forrow which he had conceived on the'fenfe thereof. Which faici,ne falls into a commendation of Sermonizing $ of the great benefit thereby redounding unto all her SubjeCts $ the tnamf old advantages which J uch preachings hid, above the Homi- lies 9 of wh«t necejjary ufe tkofe Prophefyings were, toward ih& training up of Preachers, In fine, he alfo lets her know, that by the examfk of S. Ambrofe, and hts proceedings toward Theodo- fius and Valfnrinian , two mojl mighty Emperors, he could not fatisfie his confeience in ihe^dtf charge of the great truji commit" 'ted to hti»i if he jhould not admonijl) her upon this occafion, not to • do Lib, vi i. mje l)ift02pofti;cp:ccbptcnans ab^ do any thing which might draw down Godt d uton her and the IV ition. by jn .-, . . j I />»<',• A'-//. gf<*», .i«^ hh promoting of hPr C<'Jf 17. Thele Eremites hcin^ laid together, he at JaO ro this conclufi . rOafture her in plain terms, but with all bun lity, That be ct uLi n~t v.nh j f»ft Cxmfc1tuccz 4* . vi ^/*- fence it/f /;« aient to l' the j aid Exerci> I tb the Apojtlc, I'h.it be hid mo power to del! ror , but onclj to rd'ii:'-) that he could do nothing agatnji the Truth , hit for it : A'.d therefore finally, that if it were her M.ijeft iet f>le.t ; ,7 • this or any other cauj'e to remove htm out of his place, h? would with all humility jeild thereunto , and render again unto her JU.:jeJiy that which he hid received from her* For to what /«/*• p0je}:\>he i$\c\. fiould he endeavour to retain a hijhopruk , or ti gam the world , with the loft and hazard of bis Suulf cenji- tiering that he which doth ojfend againji his Conscience ,. d but digg out his own way to Hell. In which rclpcct he hum- bly dclires her to bear with him , if he rather chu/c to offend her earthy ilfajcjlf, the* the Heavenly A/aje'ity of Almigh- ty God. But Dot content with fucrmn ibfolute rcrtlfal, and Jetting her at fuch a diftance from Almighty God; he takes upon him ro advifc her to difcharge Jier fell ot theconcernments ofr the Church, or not to manage it at the leaft with fa high a hand as fhe had done hitherto. Fitter it wis5as he conceived ir, Thtt all FcclefjaUfCil mattery which concerned Religion 5 the Dolrwt and Difciptine of the Churchy fliould he referred unto the Eifiyops, and the Divines of this Realm , according to the example of.*// thrifiian Fwperours, and the godly Princes of all ages jn the times before her. And thh he further prelled upon her , by her own I pie, in not deciding any queltions about the Laws of the Realm, in her Court or Palace } but fending them to be deter- mine! bv her Judges in the Courts of iVcftmintter \ and there- fore by the felt-fame Keafon, when any quefrion did arifc about the Difciprine and Doftrine of the Church within her Domini- ons, the ordinary way mult be to refer the fame to t' -ilion of the Bilh >p>>. and other chief Miniftets of the Church in Syno- dica II Meet fags, and not to determine of them in the Court by the Lords of her C uincil. ' 18. But notw irhfranding his refufal to conform to her will and plejfure onthe one fide, and this harlh Counfel ort the other, whrch muff needs be unwelcome to a Prince that loved and un- derffood her own Authority fo well a> hi- Miitrels did, he might have kept his Bilhoprick, with her Majefries favour, which he appeared fo willing to retignunto her. He might, I fa v, have kept them both, having io natty great Friendsabout the (jjieen, who approved his doings, if a breach had not lupp.-ned about this time betwixt him and Lticejlery the mighty Patronand Pro- fee: 28 s %$t j^tac;? of $e #je$bptetian& Lt * . v n tectorofthe Puritan F <*#/ many of the Houfe as conveniently could j JhouKl on the Sund..y fortnight following affcmblc and meet together m /be Temple-Church, there to have Preaching, and to /,>)» together m Prayer with Humiliation and Ftftimg for the ajjtjtamc of (io.ii Spirit in ail their confutations during thur Paih twenty and for thieen acquainted with their purpofe in it , Ihe lends a Mcllage to them by Sir Cbriflophcr Hatton , who was then Vice-Chamberlain , by which he lets them know, That her Majejty did much admire at fo great a rajhnefs in that Houje, at to put in execution fuck an Innovation, without her privity and pleujure firfi made k»o\rn unto them. Which Metlage being To delivered, he moved the Houle to maks humble Jubmijjion to her JUajeJty , acknowledging th* faid offence and contempt , craving thercmtjjivn of the fame% with a full purpofe to forbear the com- mitting of the like hereafter. Which motion being hearkned to (as there was good reaion) Mr. tice-Cbambcrlain is delired to prcfent their fubmiilioD to the Queen, and obtain her pardoo; which he accordingly performed. 20. This practice gave the Qjieen fo fair aProfpect into the counfels of the Faction, that (he perceived it was high time to I«kA about her, and to provide tor the prelerving of her power aiui Prerogative-Royal, b\\t m re tor the lecuriry of her Realm and Petfon. To which end (he procured a Srature to be made in that very Parliament, by which it wasErra red, That if any ferfonor per funs, forty days after the en I oj ihtt \,jJion, Jhould aavifedly dci'ife^ or write, or print, or fet forth any manner of Boo^t Rbyiire, Kallad, Letter or Writings containing any falfe9 Jeditiout, &r jUnderouf matter, to the Defamation of the §>ueens At~*)tQrt\ or to the encouraging, jiirring or moving of any Infnr- reSion or Rebellion within thn Realm, or any of the homintons U 288 %l)t s^fiojp of t^e ^esbptetiansu l i b. vii. to the fame belonging ; Or if any per/ on after the time aforefaid^ as well within the Queens Dominions , as in any other place with- out ihefame^foould procure fuch Book^,Rhyme, Ballad, 8cc. to be written, printed,publifhed orfetforth,&c. (the f aid offence not be- ing within the compafs of Treafon by vertueof any former Statute*) that then the f aid Offenders, upon fuffcient proof thereof by two lawful witneffes, Jhould fuffer death andlofs of goods, as in cafe of Felony. And chat the Queen may be as (ate from the Ma- chinations of the Papijls, as (he was fecured by this Act fromthp plots ot the Puritans, a Law was paft, to make it Treafon for any Priejl or Jefuit to feduce any of the Queens Subjects to the Ro- mifl) Religions and for the Subjects to bereconciled to the Church of tvome. This A6t, intituled, An A3 for retaining the Queens SubjeUs in their due obedience '-, theother, For the puniffingfe- ditions words againSl the Queen, 23EI1Z. cap. 1,2. Which Sta- tutes were contrived of purpofeto reftrain the infolency of both Factions $ and by which, many, of them were adjudged to death in times enfuing: Some of them, as in cafe of Treafon •, and others, as the Authors or the Publishers of Seditious Pamphlets. But the la ft S.tatut.e being made with Limitation to the life of the Qaeen, is: expired with her.* And had it been revived (asit ne- ver was) by either of the two laft Kings, it might poffibly have prevented thofe dreadful mifchiefs which their pofterity for fo lenp a time have been involved in. .21. Together with this Parliament, was held a Convocation, as the Cuftomis. In the beginning whereof, an Inft rument was pro- duced t nder the Seal of Archbiftiop Grindal, for fubftituting Dr. John Elmore then Bilhopof London (aPrelateof great parts and ("pint, but of a contrary humour to the faid Archbi(hop) to prefide therein •> which in the incapacity of theother, he might have challenged as of right belonging to him. Nothingelfe me- morable in tlus Convocation. but theadmitting cf Dr. William Day then Dean oiwindf&r, to be Prolocutor of the Clergie *, thepaf- fing of a Bill for the grant of Subfidies *, and a motion madeun- to the Prelates, in the name of the Clergie, for putting the late B<*ok of Articles in execution. Nothing elfe done within thofe walls, though much was agitated and refolved on by thofe of Crindals party in their private Meetings. Some of the hotter heads amongft them had propofed in publick, That the Clergie Jhould decline all buftnefs, even the grant of Subfidies, till the Archbifoop were reflored to his place and faff rage* But this could find no entertainment amongft wifer men. Others advifed,T&<«* a Petition ffould be drawn in the name of both Houfes, by which Her Majejlie might be moved to that reftitution. And though I find nothing to this purpofc in the Publick tvegifters (which may fufficiently evince,that it never pafled as an A& of the Convoca- tion J yet I find that fuch a Petition was agreed upon* and drawn into form by Dr.Tobie Matthews then De3n of Ch'rifi- Church, and by fomeFftends prefemed to Her Majefties fight. Matthews was mafter Lib. vii. Xt)c^fto;FOftOe^sDptman0. *%? maftcr of an elegant and fluent (Hie, and inoft pathetically had bemoaned thofefad misfortunes which had befallen that Prelate, and the Church in I im, by fufFcring under the difplcafure of a gratious Sovereign. The mitigation whereof was the father hoped for, in regard he had offended more out of thetendernefsof his Confcicnce, then from the obfrinacy of his will. But no fuch anlwer being given unto fhis Petition, as by his Friends might be expected, Grindal continued under his Sufpenfion till the time of his dcith. Once it was moved, to have a Coadjutor impofed upon him , who fliould trot onels exercife the Jmrt/di&ioM, but receive all the Rents and profits which belonged to his Bijhop- rick* And To far they proceeded in it, that Dr. 'John Wbttgift (who had been preferred to the See of Worcefitry 1 5?6.) was no- minated tor the man, as one fufficiently furnifhed with abilities to dilcharge the truft. But he moft worthily declined it, and would not liiiTer the poor man to be ftript of his clothes, though for the apparelling of his own body with the greater honour, till death had laid him in the bed of Eternal jeft. 22. But thetroubles of this year were nbt coded thus. For neither thofe good Laws before remembred, nor the Executions done upon them, could prevail fo far, asto preferve the Church from falling into thofe difkracVions, which both thePapiftsand the Presbyterians had projected in it. The Jcfuits had hitherto been content to be lookers on, a dfuffcred the Semiqary Pricfts to try their Fortunes in the reduction of this Kingdom to the Sec of Rome. But finding how little had been done by them in twenty years j fo little that it came almoft to lefs then no- things they are refolvcd to take the honor to themfclves. To which end, Hejwood, Parfons and Campian firft fet foot in Eng- land, and both by fecret pracricesand printed Pamphlets, endea- voured to withdraw the Subjects from their due obedience. No- thing more ordinary in their mouths, or upon their pens, then that the Crown belonged of right to the Queen of Scots: That Elizabeth tpm to be deprived : That if the Pope commanded one things ami the Queen another, the Popes eommands were to be obeyed^ and mot the Queens : And in a word, That all the SubjeOs were ab- solved front their Allegiance , and msght declare as much when the} found it necejj'arj. Which that it might be done with the greater fafety , Pope Gregory the XIII is delircd to make an Explication of the former Bull. By which it (hould be fignilied tothe Englim Catholicks,that the faid former Bull of Pope Pirns V fhould remain obligatory unto none but the Hercticksonelyj but that the rvomiih Catholicks fhould not be bound by it, as the cafe then (rood, till they mould Bod themfclves in a ric capacity to put the fame in execution without fear of danger. And prefently upon their firft entrance, a Book is publifhed by one Howlet, containing many reafons for deterring the Papifte from joyning in any Aft of Worfhip with the Englim Proteftants } the going, or not going to Church, being from henceforth made a Pp fign 2 go %\)t $s?fto?y of 0 0?esbptertan«. l i B. v i i. figxyjtfa'nfoivi, asthev commonly phrafed iti Tn this t&tPfHb of the Kirk of Scotland-, that they might have the better colour to'defttoy Epifcopacy \ tranflated afterwards into Englifh for the pro- per place. 23. And now the waters are Co troubled , that Cartwright might pre fume of gainful {lining at his coming home. Who having fettled the Presbytery in Jerfey and Guernfejr, firft fends back Xnape to his old Lecture at Northampton , tnere to purfue fuch Orders and Directions as they had agreed on 5 and afcerwardsput himfeif into the Factory of Antwerp, and was foon chofen for their Preacher. The news whereof brings T> 4 verr to him '•> who receives Ordination (rf I may fo call it) by the Presbytery of that City, and thereupon is made his Partner in that charge. It was no hard matter for them to perfwade the Merchants to admit that Difcipiine, which in their turns might make them capable of voting in the Publick CpnnTtory t And they endeavoured it the rather, that by their help they might effect the like in the City of London, when foe ver they fhouid find the times to be ready for trum. The like they did alfoin the Englifh Church at Mrd- dlehorough the chief Town in Zealand, in which many Englifh Merchanrs had their conftant relldence : To which two places they drew over many of the Englifli Nation,to receive admifiion to the Miniftery in a different Form from that which was allow- ed in theChurchof England. Someof which following theex- nmpleof Cartwright himfeif, renounced the Orders which they had from the hands of the Bifhops.; and took a1 new Vocation from thefe Presbyters ^ as, Fennor, Arton,&c. andothers there admitted to the'rank of Minift'ers, which never were ordained in England? as Hart, Gttiftn, &c. not to.foy any thing of fuch as were elected to beEloers or Deacons in thofe Forreign Con- fiftories, that they might ferVe the Churches in the fame capaci- ty attbeir coming home. And now at iaft they are for England, where Tr avers puts himfeif into the feryice of the Lord Trea- furer Burleigh, by whofe Recommendation he is chofen Lecturer of xheTen/plc Chinch 5 which gave hiriiopportunity for managiog all affairs which concerned the Difcipiine with the London-W" nifters. Cdrxrvright applies himfeif to the Earl of Leicelier^ by whom he is fent down to Warwick^, and afterwards made Ma- ffer'of an Hofpral of his Foundation. In the chief Church of which Town . he was pleafed to preach , as often as he could difpence Lib. vii. %tyt fatten? otttyfrtstymw difpenfe with hi^ other b.nm^ admifltoa to which pj ho faithfully "promiftd, it nc I he bur tolerated to Preachj not to impugne the Law*, O Policy, Government, nor 0 vernoursin this Chuich <>♦ / - ■ md\ but to pertwade a id pro- cure, fo much M hecou'd, ' ublickly and Privately, the cfti- tnation and peace ot thk Church. 24. But Icarce was he fetled in the place, when he made it ma- nifelt by ill bis adioOS, how littiecaro he took of his" words and bromifes : for fo it was, when any MinilK-r , eiti ei i 1 private Conferences, or by way of Letters, required his advice in any thing which concerned the Church, he plainly fhewcdhis miflikd ci the EccleGaftictl Government then by Law Fftablilhed, and incepted againft divert parts of the l^ublick Liturgie 5 accord- ing to tj-.e Tenour of the two Admonitions, by him formerly pubiUbed. By means whereof, he prevailed with many, who had b hire oblervcd the Orders of the Common-prayer-book, now plainly to neglect the fame) and to oppeTe themfelves againU the Government of Btlhops , |1 tar as they might do ft fafcly, in relation to the present rimes. Ami that he might nor prefs thole pjintsto others, which he durlr not practice in nun- fclf , he many times inveighed againft them in bis Prayeis and Sermons: The like he ado did againft many paffages in the Publick Liturgie, as namely, -J he ufe of the Sur\> In -r- rogitories to Cod-fathers in the name of Infan' m Baptifm '-, the Ring in Marriage 5 the 1 bank] giving .if' J- hirtb 5 Burials by Minijiers 5 the kneeling at Communion s\ j'jtnt points of the Litany jeertain CollctJs and Prayers , the rtsdimgof Portions of Scripture for'the Epifilc and Gofpelh and the »t >:ner of fmging in Cathedral Churches, And for example unto o- thers, he procured his Wife not to give thanks for her Delive- ry from the peril of Childbirth , after Inch Form , and in fuch place and manner as the Church required. Which as it drew on many other women to the like contempt , io might he have pre- vailed upon many more , if he hul not once dilcourled upon matter^ of Childbirth with' fuch hi 1 fcretion , t hat fome of the good Wives ot IVarrvich^ were almoit ar the point to (tone him as he walked the ftrcets. But that he might not lcem ro pull down more with one hand, then he would be thought futhcient- \y able to build up with boths he highly magnified in fome of his Sermons the Government of the Church by Fl(jermipsin each Congregation , aqd by more Publick Conferences m-Clalfical and Synodical Meetings j which he commended for the onely lawful Church-Government, as bein of Hivine Inftitution, and ordained by Chrilt. A Form whereof he had drawn up in a little Book: Which having paft the approbation of fome pri- vate Friends, was afterwards recommended to the ufe of the reft of the brethren, afieuibled together by his means for fuch ends and purpofes, by whom it was allowed ot as molt fit to be put in practice. For being a new nothing, and of Cxrtv>rights Pp ^ doing, Slje ftificr? of tt)e ^jesbpteriana* Li b . vn. doing9 it could not but finde many befides Women and Chil- dren to admire the Workmanfhip. ^ *5%2' 25. This was the fum of Cartwrights A&ings in order to the Innovations , both in Government , and Forms of Wormip , which heretofore he had projected. Not that all this was done at once, or in the firft year onely after his return 3 6ut by de« grees, as opportunity wa9 offered to him. Yet fofar he prevailed in the firft year onely, that a meeting of fixty.Mi&ifters out of the Counties of Ejfex9 Cambridge and Norfolk was held- at a Village called Corkyil, where Knewjtubs (w.ho was one of their number) had the cure of Souls. Which Meeting was held May 8. Anno i582sthereto confer about iome paiTages in the Com' mon-prayer-book, what 'might be tolerated in the fame, and what reiufed } as namely, Apparel, Matter, form, Holy-days, Fallings, lujun&ions, &c. The like Meeting held at rfie Com- . mencement in Cambridge then next enfuing. And wthat they did refolve in both, may be gathered partly from a palTage ia ti^e Preface to a Book published in the year next following by William Reynods before mentioned. In which he tells usj That it had been appointed by the firft Book of Common-prayer , That the Alinijter in the time of his Minifiration fnould ufefuch Orna- ments in the Church , as wpre in ufe by Authority of Parliament in the fecond year of the Reign of King Edward the Sixth. And tben,lauh he, / appeal to the knowledge of every man, how well that A3 of Parliament is obferved throughout the Realm } in how many Cathedrals or P ar ifly-Chnrohes thofe Ornaments are refer ved : Whether every private Minifier, by his own Authority ,in the time of his Minifiration, difdain not fuch Ornaments, ufing onely fuch Apparel as is mo& vulgar and prophane 5 to omit other particular differences, of Fa Sis, of Holy 'days, crojjing-in B aptifm, the vi fixa- tion of the Sick^i ckc. In which their alterations are well .known, faith he, by their daily pratfice, and by the differences betwixt fome Common prayer-book* which were lafi Printed (as namely that of Richard Jugg before remembred)from thofe which were fir ji publijlwd by Supreme Authority. Imall which deviations from the Rule of the Church, the Brethren walked on morefecure- ly, becnufe the State was wholly exercifed at this time in exe- cuting the feverity of the late Statute on fuch Priefts and Jefuits aslaboured to pervert the Subjects and deft roy the Queen, there- by to re-advapce thePopetp his former Tyranny. In which re- fped it was conceived to be a good Rule in the School of Policy, to grant a little more liberty to the Puritan Faclion } though poflibly it were done on no other fcore, then that of their notori- ous enmity. to the Popifli party. 26.' About this time it alfo was, that by the practices of Cart- wright and his adherents, their Followers began to be diftinguifh- ed by their names and titles, from the reft of the people. Firft, in relation to their Titles. Thus thofe of his Faction muft be called th§ Godly 5 the Ele&, the Righteous j all others being looked UpOE Lib. VII. %\)t #ta02P Of ttjt pJCSty tC r liiUS. n [mui as carnal GofpeUers^ the I'fopha-tr, t: ^ in reference to their mm; i lildren muir in* be B ri/cd by the names or their Am Richttrd, Robert, and the like.) but by fome name ocotrrttag in the I ieriptui bur more part teul.irly in the OKI I vi:. -.incur , Hebrew, and not prophaned y\ itli any mixrure ot the . Roman: con. erning whi :\\ t here "ncs - It >)X\ of Northampton, called //, ./'..-«, having a Used, repaired to Snapc, brtoie mencioncd, to do it for Ml i'nd he consented torhe motion, but with promil uld give it lome name a! lowed in Scripture, II. io lar forward*, that they were to the mining of the In- fant, they named i Richard, . thei is Grand* father by k Upon was made, nor would he be pei led to ,apt;/c thojChilde, unlefs the name or it were altered. Which when the God -father refu fed tojd >, the Childe w.iw earned back unchrifrencd. It was agreed by him and Cartwrtght , in the Book of Discipline which they im- pofed upon the lilamis, lh.it the Hint tier im Boptizhrg Chil- dren fioitld not admit of any Juch names at hid Le--n it fed in the It me a/Paganilm,//.^ n antes of idols-and the tiJ^e. Which Kulo though calculated like a common Alrwfcack, for the Meridian of thole lllands onely, was afterwards to be obferved bo .the li occasions, in aU the Churches of Gr: r it gin. Such was their humour at that time : but they fell fhortiy after on another r an- tic lor taking it for granted, becauie#thcy thought fo,thit the Englilli Tongue might be as proper and ftgnihcant as the holy Hebrew; they gave fuch names unto their Children, as ma- ny of them when they came to age were afhamed to oun, Out of which Forge came their Accepted, Aflics, Confutation, Du[i , Deliver ance, Difciplme, Earth, Free gift, fight •the- good fight -of' faith, From- above, Joy-again, Kill-Jin, Mortfruit, More tryal, PratfeGod, Reformation, tribunal^ ihe- Lord-x-neer,l handful, with many othetl of like nature, which onely ferved ro make the Sacrament of Baptifmas contemptible, as they had madcthcin- fclvca ridiculous by thefe new inventions. 2_. Some Itop they had in their proceeding?, which might have terrified them at the preleHt from adventu; ia ) further, but that they were refolved tobreak through all ditHculties,and try the pa- tience of the State to the very utmolf. The Queen had enter- tained a treaty or Marriage, Anno 1581, with l- ram is Dukeef Anjow, the youngeft Sou of Henry the Second, and the onely furviving brother or Henry the Third, then Hci^ning in fttn For the negotiating whereof, Men,' ;>mcr,\ molt conp'.eac Courtier, was Cent Ambaliador from thar King. Br whom the l)u- linebwas follicited with fuch dexterity. that the I ne- rally conceived to be fully made. T lie i'urtt ms here-i pon begin to clangour, as if thi^ M itch did aim at nothing bat the redud Fopery,c< thcdeilnitfion of llcligion heri> i.B\;t 294 ^e $W*W1? of tt)e $wfytttim& l i B. vii. tearing more the total ruine of tKeir hopes and projects, then any other danger which could happen by it. The Queen tookcareto tye the Duke to fuch conditions, that he could hardly be permitted tohearMafsin his private Clofet 5 and had cauCedCampian to be executed at his being here,to let him fee how little favour was to be expected by him for the Catholick party. Yet all this would not faiisfie the zealous Brethren, who were refolved to free themfelves from their own fears, by what means foever. Firfl: therefore it was Co contrived , that as Simere paifed between Greenwich and London, before the coming of the Duke, a (hot was m.ideathim from a (hips with which one of the Watermen was killed, but the AmbafTador therewith more amazed then hurt. The Gunner afterwards was pardoned , by the great power the Earl' of Leicejier had ip Courts it being pretended, that the Piece wasdifch%rged upon.rrteer accident, and not up- on malice or defign. After this, follows a feditious Pamphlet, writ by one Stubs of Lincolns-lnn9 who had married one of the Sifters of Thomas Car Wright 5 and therefore may bethought to •have done nothing in it without his privity. I This Book he cal- led, The Gaping Gulf , in which Englattd was to have beeafwal* lowed, the wealth thereof -con fumed, and the Gofpel irreco- verably drown'dj writ With, great bitternefs of fpirit aad re- proachful language, to the difgrace of the French Nation, the dilhonor of the Dukes ownperfon, and not without fome viie reflections on the Queen herfelf, as if (he had a purpofe to be- tray her Kingdom to tfce pov/er of Strangers. 28. fr^or publishing this book, no fuch excufe could be pre- tended, as was infifted onin defence of the former (hot 5 nor could the Queen do lefs in Jhftice to her felf and her Government, as the cafe then (food, then to call the Authors and the Publifhers of it to a ftricr account. To which end the faid Stubs, together with Hugh Singleton and William Page, were on the 13 day of O&ober arraigned at Weftminjler-> for Writing, Printing and di- fperfing that Seditious Pamphlet-, and were all then and there condemned tolofe their right hands for the faid offence- Which Sentence was executed on the third of November upon Stubs and Page, as the chief offenders 5 bift Singleton was pardoned as an Acceffary, and none of the Principals in the Crime. Whicji execution gave great grief tothe Difciplinarians^ becaufethey faw by that Experiment, that there was no dallying with the Queen, when either the honor of her Government, or the peace of her Dominions'feemed to be concerned -f And they wefemoft afflicted at it in regard of C artwrigh ^whofe inability topreferve fonear a Friend from the feverity and (hameof fo great apunifh- ment, was looked on as a irrong prefumption that he could be as little able to fave himfelf, whenfoever it was thought ex- pedient up6n reafon of State to proceed againft him. But now they are engaged in the fame bottom with him, they were re- folved to freer their oourfe. by no other Compafg , then that which —~r Lii3. VI I. %l)t l)lft02VOftIjCpK3l)ptmhu5 295 which r his gfUftd Pilot had provided for N r ferrificd from loddiii^ bv the open SeHilrn was them-.t year madeby orle ic*#lrHi / m-*, btice\ a Difcij • rhe.ii* ofyh, and one uhobuilr his'Sehrfuru'poh Cartrvr'rghn PrineTpfc* ; i^or by the hanging of thole n h ;» d dif prcrfrcn>n a lit : ! Iciny it a Ktt'c lower rhen-fHis preferit veai*. 29. I h\s RoberH frirrn wai -p in the Cotinty of UtttUnd i the Grand child of h'r.m, is Brown Eiqoire,pruifedged in rhc 18 year of kin;', Henry Y'lli , to v. car his Cap in the pre- ience of the King himleU, or.niv other Lords Spiritu a lor Tem- poral in the Land * and nut to put it olF at any time, but on' tor his own eale and pleafure. He was bred fonutimes in Corput C />.-//// Cd led gc (commonly called Beanet Colledgc) in thellni- verlity or C ambridge. Where, though he was not known to take any decree, y«the would many times venture into the Pulpit. It was obfei ved, that in hit preaching he was very vehement \ which Cartrrrr^hts Followers imprfttd ranch? to his 7ejl, as being one of their own number. Bur other men fufpefted hintohave worfe ends in it. AmongO many, whom rather curlotttV then Devotion had brought to hear him ,* Dr. John St;.'/ (though poilibly not then a DeftnrJ hapned to be one. W Ho bfcFng af- terwards Maimer or Trinity-C'dledge, and fin illy Lord Bilhop of B a th and ll'e//t, was ultd to f jv, lb it he dificmc! Tomethino extraordinary in him At the very fir ft ~> which he preTaVed Would prove a diftkrb'tncc to the Church, if it rvere not fetfeti'ablj pre- vented. Being well verlr and eonverfanr in frartvOrrgAts* Hooks, and other the like Pamphlets of that time, he became more and rrore effranged from the Church of England : Whofe Go- vernment he f< und to be detained for Antichrifrian i her Sicra- ments affirmed to be defiled with Supcrffition } her Lirurgie re- orr.'.ched for Popith, and in fome part Hcarhenilh } and finally, her Ordination* t-> be made no better then thole of E aals Priefrs among ft the Jews. Not able to abide longer in a Church Co impure and filthy, he puts himfelf over into Zealand, and joyns with Cartxtri^hts new Church in the City of Mi ddl 'thorough . But finding there lome few remainders of the old impiety , he refoives to conffiturea new Church of h'is own Projectmenr, which fhould have nothing in :t but what wav moft pure and holy. The Draught whereof, he comprehended in a Book which he printed at Mtl- dleborcu^h , An. 1583, intituled , A Trestife of Reformation : and having fent as many of them into England as might ferve his turn, he followed after in nurfuit of his new Plantation. 30. The Dutch had then a Church at Vorrrich, as before wav I 5^^ . la'd, more numerous then anv other Church or Congrrg.v ion v ithinthc Preuncrs of that Ciry.Many of which encliningof rhem- lelvcs to the AnAbaptijis, were apt enough to entertain any new Opinions which-hcld Conformity with that SeCr. Amongll them he begins begins,and firft begins with fuchamongft them as were moft likely to be ruled and governed by him 5 he being of a n imperious nature, and much offended with the leaftdiflentor contradiction, when he had uttered any Paradox in his difcourfes. Having gotten into fame Authority amongftthe Dutch, whofc Language he had learned when he lived in Middleborougb^zncX grown into a great opinion for his Zeal and Sanctity, he began to practife with the Engliih > ufing therein the fefvice and afiiftance of one Richard tiarrifon^ a Country School-mafter, whofe ignorance made him apt enough to be feduced by fo weak a Prophet. Of each Na- tion he began to gather Churches to himfelf, of the Jaft efpeci- cially s inculcating nothing more to his fimple Auditors , then that the Church of England had Co much of Rome-, that there was no place left forChrift, or his holy Gofpel. But more par- ticularly he inveigled- a gainft the Government of the Bifhops, the Ordination of Minifters, the Offices, EUtesand Ceremonies of the publick Liturgie, according as it had been taught out of Cartwrights Books s dcfcending firft to this Pofition, That the Church of England was no trm and lawful Church. And after- wards to this conclusion. That all trite Chrifiians were obliged to come out of Babylon , to feparaie themf elves front tbofe impure *nd nsixt Ajfemblies, in which there was fo little of Chris! s lnfti- iutions and finally , ibat they fhould joy n thtmfelves to him and to his Dijciples , avion gtt whom there was nothing to be found which favoured not direSly of the Spirit of God*> nothing of tbofe impurities and prophanations of the Church of England. Here- upon followed a defection from the Church it felf; not as be* fore amongftthe Presbyterians , fromfome Offices in it. Browns Followers (which from him took the name of Browniftt) refuting obftinately to joyn with any Congregation, with the reft of the people , for hearing the Word preached, the Sacraments admi- niftred, and any publick act of Religious Worfhip. This was the firft gathering of Churches which I finde in England s and for the juftifying hereof, he caufed his Books to be difperfed iri moft parts of the Realm. Which tending as apparently to Sedition, brought both the Difperfers of them within the com- pafsof the Statute 23 Eliz. cap.i. Of which we are informed by Stow, that Elias Tbasker was hanged at Bury on the fourth of Junes and John Copping^ on the fixth of the fame Month,for fpreadiDg certain Books , fcditioufly penned by Robert Brown . againft the Book of Common-prayer cftablifhed by the Laws of this Realm; as many of their Books as could be found, being burnt before them. 3 1 . As for the Writer of the Books, and the firft Author of the Schifm, he was more favourably dealt with then thefe wretched instruments, and many other of his Followers in the times fuc- ceeding. Being converted before Dr. Edmond Freak,^ then Bi- fhop of Nerwicbt2nd others of the Queens Commiffioners in con* junction with htm $ he was by them upon his refractory carriage com* L ' c vii. %ty tyiftozp of tl)c ^csbf tenant committed to the cuftodv or the Sheriff i vicb, Bui bei .1 near kinlman bj his Mother to rhe Lord I'u-jliirrr , he was at his reuueft releafed from his imprifi nr,and fenr to / onion, where fomecourfe v. n to reclai n him, if ii in ',hc, be pofitble, totally, or in part at leafy as God pleated roblc 3 it. Wbit%ift by this time had attain ; Ctaterbnrj\ a man of excellent pari' . erifj in I ith fu men ai were fo affe&ed. By wHofc lair . powerful r\ea- fons,aad exemplary piety, he was prevailed upon to fjr, as to be brought unto a tolerable compliance with ihtf Church of Rttglsm In which good humour he v. as favourably dilmilf by the Arch-bi- fbop,and by the Lord* rreafurei 8nrleitb9ta the care of his Father) to the end that being under his eye, and dealt with in a kind -and temperate manner, he might jo time be well recovered, and ii- nallv withdrawn from all the Keliojucs of his fond opinio,. Which Letters of his bear dare 00 the 8 of ocJobcr 1585. But long he had nor lr«ud in his Fathers houte, when he returned*** to bn v$mi$y and ptoviog utterly incorrigible, was difmift again f the good old Gentleman being iefolvcd U| on this point, that he would nor own htm tor a Son", who would not own the Church of EmgUmd tor his Mother. But at the laft , thoug 1 n 1 till he had palled through two and thirty prifoof, as he ufed to brag, by the pcrlwalions of fotne Friends, and his own need iiries (the more powerful Orators of the two) he wji prevailed with to accept of a place called A Church in Nirthj/rtptonJ/urc, beneficed with cure of Souls} to which he was prefented by rho- PH.* Lord B*tleigb% after Farl of Exon , and thereunto admitted by the Bilhopor Peterborough, upon his promifenot to make any more dilfurbances in rhe proceedings of the Church : A Bene- fice of good value, which might tempt him to it, the rather, in re- gard that he was excufed as well from preaching, as from per- forming any other parr of the public!; Minillry 5 which Offices he difcharged by an honefr Curate , and allowed him fuch a com- petent m untainance for ir, as gave content unto the Bithop, who had named the man. And ou this Bcnclice he lived to a very grear age, nor dyiog till theyear l6$0 '■> and then d-ying in North- ampton Gaol, not on the old account of his inconformiry, but for brench of the Peace. A muff unhappy man to the Church of 'England , in being the Author of a Schifm which he could not dole ■-, and mod unfortunate ro many of his Friends and Fol- lowers j Who lufFered death for (landing untothofeconclufioi from which be had \. d himk.lt divers years before. 32. But it \s timetlur we go back again to Csr(»rigbi% upon w'.ioie principlesaod pofitionshe6rftraifed this Schifm. Which falling out lofooni. rution which was done on stubs, could not but put a grear rebuke upon his Ipirir \ and might perhaps have t^r\-\ >rc to his difcou nr, had Dot hi> forrov by a Cordial was feat from liz:: : ilf-dyiog broth r. C iKcra- Q 1 ing 2p8 %$z l^ifto# of ttje ^esbptetian& l i b. vii. ing which there is no more to be premifed, but that Geneva had of late been much wafted by a grievous peftilence,and was foine- whatdiftreffed at this time by the Duke of Savoy. Their peace not to be otherwifo "procured, but by paying a good Turn of money, nnd money not to be. obtained but by help of their Friends. Oti this account he writes to Travers, being then Do- meftick Chaplain to the Lord Treafurer Burleigh' -, but fo , that Cartwright was to be acquainted with the Tenour of it 5 that by the good which the one might do upon the Qjieen by the means of his Patron, and the great influence which the other had on all his party, the contribution might amount to the higher pitch. But as for fo much of the faid Letter as con- cerns our bufinefs, it is this that folio weth 5 viz,. If as often ^dear brother) as 1 have femembred thee and our Ca-rtwright, fo often I fould have written -unto thee , you had been longfince over- %%-helmed with my Letters , no one day p;Jfingt wherein J do not onely ihink^of you and your matters i which not onely our ancient Frietidfiip , but the great nefs of thofe affairs wherein you takf pains ^ feems to require at my hands. But in regard that you were fallen into fuch times ', wherein my filence might be fafer far then my writings I bave^ though moft unwillingly^ been hitherto filent. Since which time, under ft andingihat by Gods Grace the heats of feme men are abated, I could not fnffer this my Friend to come unto you without particular Letters from me, that I may tejlifie my f elf to be the fame unto you as I have been formerly $ as alfo^ that at his return I may be certified of the true fiate of your af- fairs. After which Preamble, he acquaints him with the true caufe of his writing, the great extremities to which that City- was reduced , and the vaft debts in which they were plunged 5 whereby -their neceffities were grown fo grievous, that except they were relieved from other parts, they could not be able to fupport them: And then he addes, / befeech thee, my dear Bro» ther^ not. onely to go on in health with thy daily prayers ^ but that if you have any power to prevail with fome perfons, Jluw us by what honeli means you can, how much you love us in the Lord, Finally, having certified himof other Letters which he had writ to certain Noblemen, and to all the Bifhops, for their aftiftance in that cafe $■ not without fome complaints of a dif-refpe& which he had found to fome of his late Addreffes, he concludes it thus 5 viz. Farewel my dear Brother $ the Lojdjefus every day more and more blefs thee, and all that earrteftly de fire his glory. 33. This Letterdated inthe beginningof oStober-s 1582. came very feafonably both to comfort Cartwright, who could not but be much afflicted with his late misfortune?, and encouraged him to proceed in purfuit of that bufinefs in which they had took fuch pains. This was enough to make them haften in the work, who wanted no fuch Spurs to fet them forwards. Till this time they had no particular Form, either of Difciplineor Wor- mip5which generally v/as allowed of for theufeof their Churches '■> But every man gathered feme directions out of Cartwrighis books, as l m r. v 1 1. XDc Diftojp of tljc 0tf$bptcmnfi *?? as fecmcd moll proper for that purpofc. But Cartwright hiving now drawn up hi^ lorm of Difcipline, mentioned before a mongft the.relr. of his practices, 1580, that book of his was looked oq as the oncly Kule^Uy which they we're to regulate their Churches in all publick duties. But in regard of the great fcandal given by Brown, the execution done at Bury upon Thack^er ar,d Cop- ying, and thefeveriry of the Lawiinthat behalf ^ it was thought m to look before them, and fo to carry on the bufinefs as to make no rupture in the Church, and to create no eminent dan- ger to thtinlclvis. In referenceto which ends, they held a Ge- neral Aflembly , wherein they agreed upon fome order for put- ting the faid Difciplinc in execution, but with as little violati- on of the peace of the Church as they could pofiibly devife : And therefore that they might proceed with the greater fafety, it w.i* ad vital «md relolved on , 1. That fuch as are called unto the Minijlcrj of any Chnrcb, Jhould be fir ft approved by theClaf- Jis, or J'ome greater Aff'embly, and then commended to the Biftjop by their fpectal Letters , to receive their Ordination at his hands . 2. That thofc Ceremonies in the Bool^ of Common-Prayer which feemedto have been ufed in the times of Popery, were totally to be omitted, if it might be done without being deprived of their Mi' nitfery^ or otherwife the matter to be left to the confederation of the Clajjis, or other greater Ajjembly, that by the judgement there- of it might be determined what was mo ft fining to be done. 3. That if Subfcripfion to the Articles of Religion and the Book. of Common-prayer Jdould be urged again, that they might be then fubjeribed unto, according to the Statute of 13 Eliz. that is to fay, to fuch of them onely as contain the fum of Chriftian Faitb% and the Doiirine of the Sacraments. But 4. That for many weighty canfes, neither the reft of the faid Articles, nor the Book^of Com- mon-Prayer wereto be fubferibed't no, though a man ft) ould be de- prived of his Minift ery upon fuch refufal. 54. A Confutation was held alfo ia the faid AfiTcmbly, That without ch an gin go f the names , or any fenfiblc alteration in %hc ftate> of the Church, the Church-lVardens and Collets* ors oj r every Pariftj might ferve in the place of Elders and Deacon* $ and to that end, that notice might be given of their clc&ion , about the fpace of 15 days before the times appointed fcr it by the Law of the Land : To the intent that the Church might join in prayer to God to be fo direBed, as to matys choice of fit vten to fupply tbofe Almifierics. It was advifed alfo, That before the ordinary times of the faid EleUions , the Ordinance of Chritt jhould be publicity intimated to the Congregation, concerning the appoint' ment of Watchmen and Over jeers in the Church '-, it being their duty to forefee that no offence or fcandal arij\ in the Church $ and that if any fuch offence or fcandal jhould happen, it might be feafonably remedied and aboliftnd by them : as alfo that the names of the parties chofen be publifiied on the next Lords Day $ their duties toward the Church, and the Churches duty toward them, being then declared ? andthen the faid officers to be admitted to Q,q 2 thtir their fever al Ministries > with the general Traj/ers of the whole Church. Orders were alfo made for a divifion of the Churches into Clafli.c.al and Synodical Meeting?, according to the tenor cf the Book of Difciplinei for keeping a Regiftry of the'Afts of theClaflis and Synods j for dealing with Patrons to prefent fit *rnen}when any Church fell void belonging to their Prefentations $ "for making ColiedrionJ at the General AfTemblies (which were then held forthemofr partat the Aclin Oxon, or theCommen^F- nient in Cambridge') towards the relief of the poor , but moft cfpecially of thofe who had been deprived of their Benefices for their not fubfcribing 5 as alfo of fuch Minifters of the Kirk of Scot /and, as for their facVioufnefs and difobedience had been forced to abandon that Kingdom: and finally, for nominating fomefet-time at theend of each Provincial Synod, in which the faid Provincial Synod wasto fit again 5 as alfo for the fending of fit men to the General Synods, which were to be held either in times of Parliament, or at fuch other times as feemed mod: con- venient. 35. By tfrefe difguifings it was thought that they might breed up their. Presbytery uqder the Wing, of "Epifcopacie, till they ftiouid finde icftrong enough to fubfift of it felf 9 and bid defi- ance to that power which had given it fhelter. It was refolved alfo, that'ihffead of Prophefying, which now began to be fup- preft in every place, Lectures fhould be fet up in fome chief Towns in every County : to which the Minifters and Lay-bre- thren might refort fecurely,and thereby profecute their defigne with the'rfke indempnity. But no difguife could fit them in their alterations of the Forms of Worfhip \ of whicj nothing wasto b'e.retafned by Cartwrights Rules ,. but that which held confor- ifcity witnthe Church of Geneva. According to the Rules where- of p the Mmifter had no more to do on the days of Worfhip, but to Preach his Sermon, with a Jong Prayer before it, and another after it, of hi^ own deviling $ the people being entertained both rjefipreand after with a ptalm in Meter,according to fuch Tune or Tabes as the Cle'rk friould bid. For having diftributed the whole Worfhip of God into thefe three parts ^ that is to fay, Prayers^ Praifes,~and Prophefyings * the fingjng of the rfalms (which they conceived to be the onely way of giving praife) became, in fine, as necefTary as the Prayers or Preachings. Their other aber- rations from the publick Liturgie in Sacraments and Sacramen* tals, may beft be found in Cartwrights practice, as before laid down} it being not to be fuppofed that he would practifeone thing and prefcribe another , or that his own practice might not be a fufficeh't Canon , to direct all the Churches of this Platform. But thefe alterations being fo grofs , that no Cloak could cover them % another expedient was ^y^ed fomewfoat more charge- able then the other, but of greater fafety. for neither 'daring tQ. reject the publick Liturgiej aqd being refplved not to con- form, themfelves unto it s they fell upona courfe of hiring fome Lay- Lib. VII. %l)t i?itt02pOf tf)f frtfftjrtttttttj. 30 ! Lay-brother, (as .ftfjpe drtl I Lame Souhlier of Ktrwick.) or p fibly Ionic ignorant Curate, to read the Prayers to fuch at Ind a ininde to bear them ; neither themlclvcs , nor tl ir D plci coining into fire Church, till the ringing of the P/Wtarbefore the Sermon. Concer ning which, one of the brethre 1 v. r t H to hie'd, * 1 bit bavin? nth** to do with the ) 1 of Common frtycr , be pretchr,. v Lordi da) in bm Con^reaation \ and tbit ho dtijo by the counf'el of lb: t\cvercnd brethren | by nh'W ..,. C Juch was Godt goodnejs to htm ) be b.rd been id til/ ci!/ed'< {mi to be one of the Chi/it. which once 4 Wtckwjt hz'.d in fame pluce ' , J " ' J r t. bill or other. . . . to; In this condition (food the Affairs, when the Reverend Wbitgyfi came to the See of C,tnterl>Hrj. ,\ man thu hadap-f peared to ltuutly in the Churches quarrel-,, that there could be • no fc.tr of his (irindaj/rzin g , bv winking at the plots and pra- ctices of the rttriLin t Mil/on. So highly valued by the Queen, that when (he firlr. preferred him to the See of U'vrccfter^ Anna 1 576, Ihe gave him the difpoling ot all I he Prebendaries of that Church , to the end he might be fcrved with the ableft and molt Learned men. Nor wis he lefs eftcemed for his civil pr.i- dencef which moved Sir Henry Sidney to felt ft him before all o- thcrs to be his \ ice-l'rc Inn nr in ll'j.':s , at fuch time as he was to go Lord Deputy tor the Realm of Ireland, flpon this maathd Queen bad always kept her eve fince Grtndul\a\\ into di-.favo.ir, and willingly would nave made him his Co-ad? uror, if he. could have been perfwaded to accept the otter. Which moderation altered nothing ot the Queen* minde toward him, who was ha contrant in her choice and defignations of fit men to ietvc her, that upon Grindah death , which happened on the 6 of July ijfliji lhe preferred Whitgift to the place. To which he was actually translated before Michaelmas following, that he might have the benefit of the half-yea*s rent. Which as it was another Argument of the Qjeene to (hew un.in wha» ground he ftood, and that he \va rJolved 10 abate of nothing wh 702 %$tfyi&mvtft\)t$lt&>ytttim8- Lib.vii. which concerned the honour of the Church, who was fo vigilant and intent (without fear of envy or difpleafure) on the profit of it. 37. The Queen was fet upon a point of holding her Preroga- tive-Royal at the very height 5 and therefore would not yield to any thing in Civil matters, which feemed to tend to any fen- iible diminution of it. And in like fort (he was refolvcd touch- ing her Supremacy, which (he considered as the faireft jewel ia the Regal Diadem } -and consequently ,could as little hearken to fuch Propofitions as had been made in favor of the Puritan Facti- on by their great Agents in the Court, though (he had many times been follicitedin it. To eafe herfelf of which Sollicita- tions for the time to come, (he acquaints Whitgift at his firft coming to the place, that (he determined to discharge herfelf from the trouble of all Church-concernments ," and leave them wholly to his care: That he fhould want no countenance and encouragement for carrying on the great truft committed to him : That (he was fen fible enough into what diforder and confufion the affairs of the Church were brought, by the connivance of fome Bifhops, the obftinancy of fomeMinifters, and the power of fome great Lords bothinCourt andCountrey 5 but that not- withstanding all thefe difficulties, he muft refolve, not one- ly to aflert the'Epifcopal Power , but alfo to reftore that Uniformity in Gods Publick Worfhip, which by the weaknefs of his Predecefibr was fo much endangered. Thus authorized and countenanced, he begins his Government. And for the firft EiTay thereof,he fends abroad three Articles to be fubfcribed by all the Clergy of his Province. The Tenour of which Articles, becaufe they afterwards created fo much trouble to him, I (hall here fubjoyn. Firft therefore, he required the Clergy to fufy - fcribe to th\s,That the Queen had Supreme Authority over all per* font born within her Dominions, of what condition foever they were s and that no other Prince, Prelate or Potentate , either had, or ought to have any jurifdiffion Civil or Eccleftaftical within her Realms and Dominions* 2. that the Boo\. of Common-prayer, and the Ordination of BiJhops,Priefis and Deacons, contained no- thing contrary to the Word of God, hut might lawfully he ufed 5 and that they would ufe that And no other, $. That he allowed the Articles of Religion, agreed in the Synod holden at London, in the year of our Lord 1562 , and publijhed by the Queens Au- thority 5 and did believe them to be confenant to the Word of God. 38. It is not eafie to imagine what clamours were raifed amongft the Brethren upon this occafion % how they moved Hea- ven and Earth,the Court and Country, and all the Friends they had of theClergieor Laity, to come to their affiftance in this time of their tryal. By means whereof, they raifed fo frrong an oppofition againft his proceedings, that no man of lefs courage then Whitgift,md none but Whitgift fo well backed and coun- tenanced Lib. vii. XtJc^ttrBpoftl^^zrcbptruans. 302 tenanccd by I gracious Miftrcfs, could have withftood the v leftce and rury of it. But by the Queen dooftancie Ofl t lidCjU ho gave Semper Eadem lor her Motti 3to [hew (hat Ihc - ■iwaytone;and by his molr invincible patience on the other fide* v. hole Motto being I mat qui p m- cil tor relict aglinft him : the like Petition was prefepted to them, by fome Minivers of the Dipcefi ot Norwich-, agaioft Dr. Udmomd Freak, their Blhop $ to whom the planting of fo many Dutch Churches in the principal City, atki other or' the c liel Towns of his Oiocels,had given trouble enough. To the Peti- tion of the Kentijh Miniirers, which concerned himfelf, he was re- quired to antwer at the Council- Table, oi\ the Sunday follow- lDg.Inftead whereof, he lays before them in the Lecrcr, That the Petitioners, for the moji part,were i^norint and raw fOHWgmCB t few of them licenjed Pre tchers , and general!) d'j'.if; eded to the prefent Government : That he htdjpent the be(t p.trt of tn-> or three days in labouring to reduce them to a better ttn ler\i tmdt of the points m que ft ion '•> but not being able to prevail, he bad tea oihcrinfe proceeded then tbe Law required: lh.it it w.is not for him to jit in that place , if every Curate in his Diocefs might be permitted fo to ufe hint, nor pojible for hint to perform the Duty rchich the ghicen expelled at his btndt, if he mi^bt not proceed to the execution of thit power by her hi ij fly committed to hin/tn>ith- out interruption : 'lh.it he couhi not be pcrjwaded , thai thiir Lordfips 1) id any purpofe to make him a party , or to require hint to come bfore themto def\nd thofc aiiions , wherein he fup- pofed th it b: ha I no other Judge but the gucenber fclfs And there- fore in regard that he wjs called by God to that place and functi- on, wherein bt wis to be their Pulipr, be was the rather moved to tlefire thnr jJJ/jljnce in natters pertaining to his Ofjtcc , for ; quietnefs of toe Church, the credit of Religion , and the main- tiinance of the laws in defence thereof \ without cxpecling any Juch attendant: on them as they had rciutrcd, for fear of giving more advantage to th j" w.ijr.ird pcrf vns, then he conceived th:y did intend. end thereunto he added this protclration, 'I hat the th'ee Articles whereunto they were moved to fubferibe, orerefucb, he ir. is ready by Learning to defend , in manner and fcrm :r e jet down , againfl all o^pen- nts , citf.sr r» England or elfe- where. . In reference tothe paper of the v Mtotfteff, he 1 ■ turns this anfwer : // feemtth fometh'mg jirange to me, that the M'mji tn 1 f ^ilTo'.k find in the doing: ir 304 %t)t ^tfio^p of ttje ##st)ptettan& Li b . v 11. /6e;r Diocefant Jhould leave the ordinary courfe of proceeding by the Law, (which is to appeal unto me) and extraordinarily trou- ble your Lo%dpips in a matter not fo incident ( as C thinly) to that honourable Board, feeing it hath pleafed her Majefiy her vrc/t f elf in exprej's words to commit thefe caufes EcchfiaSitcal to me, as to one who is to make avfwer unto God and her Jldajcjiy in this behalf'^ my Office alfo and place requiring the fa me. In an- fiver unto their complaint \ touching their ordinary proceedings with them, J have herewith fent your 1 ordpips a Copy of a Letter lately received from his Lordfdip , wherein I thinly that part of their hill to be Jully anfwered. Touching the reft, I know not what to judge of it '•> but in jome pointsit talfcth^as I thinly) mo- deli ly and charitably . 1 hey Jay, they are no jefuits fent from Re me to reconcile* &c. True it is, neither are they charged to be fos but nclwithjlanding, they are contentious in the Church of England j and by their contention s minifler occasion of offence to thofe which are f educed by Jefuits , and give the Sacraments a- gainji the form of public^ Prayer u/ed in this Church, and by I aw ] ejiablifhcd, and thereby increafe the number of them, and con- firm them in their tvilfulnejs. They alfo makf a S chijm in the .Church , and draw many other of her Majejiiet Subjects to a mijhkjng of her Laws and Government in Caufes Eccleftajiical. So far are they from perfwading them to obedience '■> or at theleaji^ if they perfwadethemto it in the one part of her Authority ,it is in Caujes Civil $ they difjwade them from it as much in the other, that is, in Caufes Ecclefiallical : fo that indeed they plucks down with the one hand, that which theyfecm to buildwith the other. 40. More of which Letter might be added, werenot this fuf- £cient,as well to fhew how perfectly he understood both his place 2nd power, as with what courage and discretion he proceeded in the maintenance of it. Which 6eing ebferved by fomegreac men about the Court, who had ingaged themfelves in the Puri- tan quarrels, but were not willing to incur the Queens difplea- Aire by their oppofition} it was thought beft to ftand a white behind ihe Curtain, and fet Beat upon him , of whofe impeYuo- fjty and ed^e againft him they were well allured. This Beat was in himU'lf a mo(l eager Puritan, trained up by Walftngham to draw dry-fcot after Priefts and jefuits $ his extream hatred to thofe men, being looked on as the onely good quality which he could pretend to. But being over-blinded by zeal and pafli- on, he was never ableto diftinguifh rightly between truth and • faifhocd '■> between tiue Snnclity, and the counterfeit appearance of it. . This made him firft conceive, that whatfoever was not Puritan, muft needs be Popijh 5 and that the Bifhops were to be efteemed no otherwife then rhefonsof Antichrifr , becaufe they were not looked upon as Fathersby the holy Brotherhood. And fo far was he hurried on by rhefe dif-affe&ions, that though he was preferred to be one of-the Clerks of the Council, yet he preferred the interefl of the Faction before that of the Queen. Infomuch, Lib. vn. ^Dci?ifto^oftt)t^fsl3ptcnaii0» Infomuchthat he was noted to jeer and gibe at all fuch Sermons i . did molt commend Her M.i jeftics Government, and move the Au- ditory toobediencc^ not (paring toaccufc the Preachers uponfuch OCCauODS to have broached talle l)ocirine,and falfly to tlledge the Scriptures in defence thereof. This man had either writ or coun- tenanced a fharp Difcourfe agajjnft Subfcription, inferibed to the Arcbbi(hop9aiMlptefeiited to him; and thereupon caufed fpecohes 10 be ea(i abroad, that the three Articles to which Subfcription was recjuired Jliould lhuitiy be revoked by an Act of the Council: which much cncrealed t !.c oblrinacy of the ldf-willed Brethren* But after, fearing left the (<>jicen might have a light ot the Papers, he iclolved to get them out or his hands ; and theicupon went over to Lambeth, where he behaved himlelr in Inch a rude ami violent manner : as forced the Archbilhop to give an account thereof by letter to the I. >id Ircilurer burleigh f who hitherto bad Itood fair towards him, in thele following words: 41./ have bom (faith he) xvith Air. Beall intemperate fpecchei nn\eemly for htm to uje, though not in rejpctl of my Jelf, yet in ttfpeH of Her Majejtte whom he ferveth, and of the Laws ejta- blifed, whereunto he ought to jlnw fome-duty . Tcjicrday he came to my houfe, as it fecms to demand the book he delivered unto me. J told him, That the book tvas written unto me , andtbercforc no reafon why he Jhouldrequire it again, especially feeing 1 was af- fured that he had a Copy thereof; otberwrj'c J would caufc it to be written out for him : Whereupon he fell into very great pa\flons with me (which I think, w.is the cud of his coming) for proceeding in the execution of the Articles, c:s in 1'ngland. to the fame point of time where it before we left the Scots 9 the French ^ and thole of J the lame Party in the Belgic^ Provinces : we lhall hereafter treat of them as they come before us with reference co the Practifesand Proceedings of their Englijb Brethren. And lirlr, beginning with the Scots , it is to be remembred , that we left them at a very low ebb j the Earl of Coury put to death, many of the Nobility exiled into Forrcign Countreys, and the chief Zealots of the Faction amonglt the Minilters, putting thcmfelves intoa voluntary Banilhment3 be- caufe they could not have their wills on the King and Council. A a a EngUnd^ Hm %\>i ^tftojp of tl)e pjesbpteuan& Lib. vni. England, as neareft hand, was the common San&uary, to which fome Lords,and almoft all the Refractory Minifters had retired themfelves. Much countenanced by Mr. Secretary Walfwgbam, who had let them on work '-, and therefore was obliged to gratifie them in fome fit pro- portion. To fuch of the Nobility as had fled into England, he align- ed the Ifle of Lindisfarm, (commonly called the Holy Tjland) not far from Berwick with order to the Lord Hundfdon, who was then Go- vernourof that Town., to give them the pollelTion of it. But Hundf- don, though he had lefc Zeal , had fo much knowledg of his Duty, as to difobey him 5 considering the great confequence of the place, and that there was no impoffibility in it, but that the Scots might make ufeof it to the common prejudice, if they fhould prove Ene- mies to this Crown, as perhaps they might. ^ A matter, which the Secretary Would not have palled over in lb light a manner, but that an Ambaflador was lent at the lame time from the King of Scots3by whom it wasdefired that the Fugitives of that Nation, whatfoever they were, might either be remitted home, or elfe commanded not to live fo near the Borders , where they had opportunity , more than flood with the good of that Kingdom, to pervert the Subjects. Which Realbnable Defire being yeelded unto, the Lords and Great men of that Nation were ordered to retire to Norwich , and many of the Minifters , permitted to prepare for London, Oxon3 Cambridge and f^me other places ? where fome of them procured more milchief to the Church of England, than all of them could have done to their ownCountrey, had they ftaidat Berwick. 2 . At London they are lufFered, by fome zealous Brethren, to pof- fels their Pulpits, in which they rail , without comptroll, againft their King , the Council of that Kingdom, and their natural Queen j as if by the pradtiles of the one,and the connivence of the other, the ReforriB^l Religion was in danger to be rooted out. Some Over- tures had'beenmade at that time by the Queen of Scots , by which it wasdefired that the might be reftored unto the Liberty of her perlbn, aflbciating with the young King in the Government of the Realm of Scotland? and be fuffered to have the Mais laid in her pri- vate Clolet, for her lelf and her Servants. The news whereof being brought to London , filled all the Pulpits which the Scots were fuffered to invade , with terrible Complaints and Exclamati- ons 3 none of them fparing to affirm , That her Liberty was incon- fiftent with Queen Elizabeth's Safety : That both Kingdoms were undone, if Ihe were admitted to the joynt-Government of the Realm of Scotland? and, That the Reformed Religion muft needs breathe its laft, if the Popijh were permitted within the Walls of the Court. Which points they prelTed with fo much vehemence and heat , that many were thereby inflamed to join themfelves in the Aubciation againft that Queen, which loon after followed. Againft their King they railed fo bitterly, and with fuch reproach. Cone Da- vinfon more than any other) that upon complaint made by the Scot- tijf) Ambaflador, the Bifhop of London was commanded to filence all the Sects about the City j and the like Qrder given to the reft of the Bilhops, L»b. viil gfre l!)iCto>p of the iDjegbpterian*. 264 Bifhops, by whom they were inhibited from preaching in all other places. But the leftnoife they made in the Chqrch, the more clotely auddangeroully they pi. u riled on particular perfbns , in whom they endeavoured to begetan ill opinion ot the prefent Government, andtoengage them lor advancing that of the Prcdytenan in the place thereof! But this they bad followed more lu illy at th« Art in Oxom, where they art liberally entertained by nemirand and the reft of the Brethren) umonglt which, Wilcox, Ikn.wwA Ackjon, were of great eft note. And at routine a flueftionwai propounded to them concerning the proceeding ol the Miniftet in his duty, with- out the affiftance or tarrying for the Magiftratc. How they relblvcd this queftion, may be eafily gueffed, partly bythat wliich they had done themielves when they were in Sc$tl*wd\ and partly by the Agings of their Etglijb Brethren, in pursuance of it. 3: l or pre lent ly after, Gclibr**a deals with divers Students in theii fev< 11I Col ledges, to put their hands unto a paper, which teem- ed to contain (bmewkat in it ot Inch dangerous nature, that fame did ablolutely.refulcand others required further time of deliberatiofl : ot which Celibrandthus writes to Field, on the 1 3/4 or Jjn. then DeXl following: / have aire. id) (faith he) cntred into the mutters whereof' ) ( u write , a /id dealt with three or jour Jcvcral C o //edges, con- CtMimgtJbofe amount whom they live . J jind that men are very danger- ous in this point ^ ^encral/y favouring Reformation^ but when it comes to the f articular point, jome have not yet conftdered of the things for which others in the Church are jo much troubled: others are afraid to tejiifi'e any thing with their hands, Lji it breed danger bejorc the time : anil many favour the Caujeo) the Ret 'or -mat ion , but they are not Mini* Jiers.but young Students :, of whom there is good hope , if they be not cut off by violent dealing bejorc the time. As 1 hear by youzfo I mean to go forward where there ts any hope^ and to learn the number , andcertipe you thereof 6.c>'< . and that "lie would deliver into their hands all the Strong-holds in the Lanel. •2. That luchas hail dilquietcd the Common tvealth, might be de- livered to them, and abide their due tryal by Law. And, ;,That "the olel Guard might be removed, and another placed , which "was to be at their difpolal. To which Demands the King content^ at lair, as he could not otherwife; though in their Second they had purpolelv run a-ctols tothe Second of his , wherein he had defired that the 1 ives ot Inch as were about him, might not be cnelangcr- Upon the yeehiing of which points, winch in erTecc was all that he had to give unto them, he tuts himlelt' into their hands, hath a new Guard impofed upon him, anel is conduerrcd by them uhereloevir thev pleafc. And now the Minifters return in tri- umph to their Widowed Churches , where thev had the Pulpits at command, but nothing grecablc to their expectation, r-orthe Lords having lerved their own turns, took no care ot theirs:, in- lomich that in a Parliament held in I . immediately artcr they had got the King into their power, they caulcdan Act to pals for ratifying the appointment betwixt them and the King} by they pieu kit d weil enough tor their own Indempnity. Bur then withall, they lutiered it to be Enacted, 'ih.tt r.cnt jhonld tit/.\t fwblikglj declare, tr privately Jpeai: or rtntc in reproach of hh AU- Aaa j*&/' i66 %\)t l£tfto»> of tfce p>?est)pm ian& Lib. vm. jejiies Per/on, Ejiate, or Government, Which came fo crofs upon the ftomacks of the Minifters, whom nothing elfe could latisfie but the repealing of all former Statutes which were made to their preju- dice, that they vfell foul upon the King in a fcandalous manner: in- fomuchthat one Gibfon affirmed openly in a Sermon at Edcnborough, That heretofore the Earl of Arran was fufpecred to have been the Terfecutor^ but#to- felling that he had the Warrant of the Spirit for it) took the charge upon him, and with fufficient audacity pronounced the Sen- tence. 8. The informality and perverlnels of thefe proceedings , much difpleafed the King 5 but more he feared what would be done in the next Aflembly, appointed to be held at Edenborough, and then near at hand. Melvin intended in the fame, not only tto make good what- soever Lib. V1IL 3Ehr imttozpof the JD?esbrttnan8u 267 foevcr had been done at the former Meeting, but to difpute the nature and validity of all Appeals which lhould be made againft them on the like ocealions. To break which blow. the King «. mild find no other way, but toperfwade thcArch-biihopto fiibfcri k to thefe three points, vi%. That he never iniblickly profefied or id tended to el. dm any Superiority, or tobejudgovet any other l'a- itors and Miniliei - 01 w? avowed the lame to have any warrant in Cods Word : 1 hat he never challenged .my jurildiction cvt i the late Synod at St. Andrew s\ and mult have erred, by his COO* tempt ot" the laid Meeting, it be bad Jbdone. And thirdly, I hat he would behave himfelf better lor the time to come? deliiing pardon for the overlight of hi^ former Actions: promiling to be fuch a Bilbop trom thenceforth, as was described by St. VjuI: And finally, Submitting both himfelf and Doctiine, tothe Judg- ment of the (aid AHembly, without appealing horn the fame in the times to come. To (uch unworthy Conditions was the poor man brought, onI\ togain the King (omepeace, andto rcierve that lib* tie Powei wntch was left unto Him; though the King loft more by this TranJa&ion, than pofhbly He could have done b> his Iranding out. For, notwithOanding toe Submifiions on tbcpart*of the K- ftiop, theAficmbly would defcend no lower than to declare, That they would hold the laid Sentence for net pronounced, an Ithereby leave the Bilhopinthe Lime elratein wh:ch they found him--, and not this neither, but upon fomc hopes and allurance given them, that the King would favourably concurr with them in the building of the Houle of God. Which Agreement did lb little (atisfie the adverfe party, that they juttihed their former procefs. and peremp- torily confirmed the Sentence which had been pronounced. Which, when it could not be obtained from the greater part of theAiIem- bly, who were not willing to lole the glory of lb great a Victory; hunter Hands up, by the advice of Andrew Alelvin, and publickly protelted againft it; declaring further , That notwithstanding any thing which had been done to the contrary , the Bifhop fhould be ftill reputed for an Excommunicated perfon, and one delivered un- to Satan. It was moved in thisAflembly alfo , That fomc Cenfure fhould be laid upon the Minilters, who had fubferibed the ACts of Parliament made in— 84. But their number proved (b great, that a Schifm was feared; and they were wile enough to keep all toge- ther, that they might be the better able upon all ocealions to oppofe. the King. Somewhat was alfo done concerning the Eftablifhment of their Presbyteries, and the defining of their Power: of which the King would take no not ice , rclervinghisdifguft of fomany In- lolencies, till he (hould find himielt in a condition to do them Reafbn. 9. In thefe Exorbitances, they are followed by the Fn^lrJJj ru- ritans^ who had been bad enough before, but henceforth fhowed themfclvcs to have more of the - Scot'm them, than in former times. For prefently upon the news of the good fuccefs which their Scct- tifi Brethren had at Sterling , a icaadalous Libel } in the nature of *68 jQje ^ifto?p of tfoe p>?eg()ptenan& Lib. Viil of a Dialogue, is publifhed, and difperfed inmoft parts of England: in which the ftateof this Church is pretended to be laid open in a Conference between Diotrephes, ("reprefenting the perfon of a Bi- fhop) Tertul/us,(zPapift, brought in to plead for the Orders of our Church) Demetrius ,an Ufurer, (fignifying fuch as live by unlawful Trades) Pandocheus, an Inn-keeper, fa receiver of all, and a foother of every man for his Gain ) and Paul , ( a Preacher of the Word of God) fuftaining the place and perfbn of the Confiflorians). In the contrivance of which piece, Paul falls directly on the Bifhop, whom he ufed moft proudly, fpightfully , and flanderoufly. He condemn- eth both the Calling of BiQiopsas Antichrijiian, and cenfureth their proceedings as Wicked, Popifh, Unlawful, and Cruel. The Bifhop is fuppofed to have beenfent out of England'mto Scotland, {or fup- preffing the Presbyteries there, and is made upon his return home- wards, to be the Reporter of the Scottip Affairs} and withall, to fignifiehis great fear left he, and the reft of theBiQiopsin England, fhould be ferved (hortly as the Bifhops had lately been in Scotland, viz. at Edenborough, St. Andrew s,^c. Tertullus, the Papiji, is made theBifhop's only Councilor in the whole courfe of the Govern- ment of the Churchy by whofe Advice the Bi(hops are made to bear with the Popifh Recufants, and that fo many ways are (ought to fupprefs the Puritans : And he, together with Pandocheus the Hoft, and Demetrius the llfurer, relate unto the Bifhop fuch Occurrences as had happened in England during hisftay amongft the Scots. At which, when the Bifhop feemed to wonder, and much more marvel- led that the Bifhops had not yet fupprefled the Puritans fome way or other , pandocheus is made to tell him, That one of their Prea- chers had affirmed in the Pulpit, That there were One hundred thouiand of them in England? and that their Number in all places did encreale continually. 10. By this laft brag about their Numbers, and fbmewhat which elcaped from the mouth of Paul, touching his hopes of feeing the Confiftorian Discipline a erected fhortly , it may be gathered, That they had a purpofe to proceed in their Innovations, out of a hope to terrifie the State to a compliance, by the ftrength of their Party. But if that failed, they would then do as Penry had advifed and threatned} that is to (ay, they would prefent themfelves with a Petition to the Houfes of Parliament, to the delivering whereof^ One hundred thouiand Hands fhould be drawn together. In the mean time,it was thought fit to diflemble their purpofes,and to make tryal of fuch other means as appeared lefs dangerous. To which end they prefent with one Hand a Petition to the Convocation, in which it was defired. That they might be freed from allSubfcrip- tions$ and with the other, publifh a feditious Pamphlet, entituled, A Complaint of the Commons for a Learned Miniftry. But, for the putting of their Counfels in execution, they were for the prefent at a ftand. The Book of Difcipline , upon a juft examination , was not found fb perfect, but that it needed a review, and the review thereof is referred to Traverfe. By whom being finifhed ? after a tedious Lib, VHI. ghe !j)ifto?p of the pzesbpti isf. 269 tcdiou Nation, it was commended to :. But the wor ft was, it was not lb wclJ liked of in: Hobfes of Parliament, as to pals for cu i fa incenl th k-fpiri ted men, that the) fell prcfentl) kreatnii filing all who opposed theiu in ir. They had prepared th way t<> the Parliament then fitting, Amu i by telling them, v- That ii Information they defired, were not granted, ti. cc ihoulcl betray God, his luiih, and the whole Kingdom, th K they mould declare themfelves to Be an Allembly , wherein the, •* Lords Caufb could not be heard, wherein the felicity ofmiiera* ec blc men could^iot be refpectcd? wherein liuth. Kcli] od . iet\ . could bear noiway; an Allembly that willin lefifbl ' the Judgments of God upon the whole Realm; and fin ..it "not .1 man of their feed lhould profper, be a Parliament' man, 01 tv 1 in England any more. 1 1. This necclla paration being thus premifedj they ten- , to the Parliament, A Book of the form of C i i by themdefired, containing alio, in effect, the whole | pline. to reviled by Traverfei and their Petition n i .of, \ is in theft words following, viz. May it t ho .■ m.i- jr, 8cc. tbdttl bereUuto dnntxed? htc. i>; loh or the Form of Common-Prayers, and Adminiltrati n of Sacra-4 ments,&c. strd every t hittg therein esmtuiuedybf.c. m ■ ce* tbputit i wd pra&tjed through .ill ) cur MajeL .•/, . But this fb little edified with the Queen, or th ;• illemx bly, that in the drawing up of a General Pardon to be palled in Parliament, there was an Exception or' all thou that committed atrj ilt the Alitor the Uniformity or Common-Pray* . or that were Publishers of Seditious Books, or Difturbers of Divine Service. And to (ay the truth, the Queen had little reafb i to approve of that Form of Dhcipline in which there was lo lit: conuderation of the Supreme Magiftrate in having cither vote or place in any of theit Syuodical Meetings, unlefsne bechofen far an Blder, or indi&iug their AfiembKes, eithet Provinaial*oc Nati- onal, t elfe IiK\er; or intomuch as nominating the parti- al- time or pi .and where to hold them , or finally, in |uiring his afleat to any of their Conftitutioot, All which, v challenge to themfelves with fargreatei arrogancy than evet \ exercifed by the Pope, or any Bifbop or inferior Minifter un- der his Command, greateft Dajknefi. Butt;. Brethren not coalidering what juft Keafbnt itorejed! their Bill, and j ingto rail foul upon hei , in regard of the . ; t lit y U arliamentin this mannei that is to fay, I hat th( ild be in danger of the terrible MaGof Cod's Wrath, both i .' life, and that to come 5 and that fortheirvnot abrogating the I U Government, they might vk.11 hopq lor the Favour and Entertainment of iat is, thcCurle of the Law: the Favour and loving- Countenance of JcluiClnilt, th. lhould nevei fee. F.b!) 13. I: »7° JtJe^tfto?poftfte^?eaibpterianS* Lib. vin- 12. It may feem ftrange that Queen E LIZ ABE TH fliould carry fuch a hard hand on her Englijl) Puritans, as well by fevere Laws, and terrible Executions, as by excluding them from the benefit of a General Pardon 5 and yet protect and countenance the Presbyter/* ans in all places elfe. But that great Monfter in Nature, called Rea- son of State, is brought to plead in her defence:, by which (he had been drawn to aid the French Hugonotsaga'mil their King 5 to fup- ply the Rebel -Sort j with Men , Money , Aims and Ammuni- tion, upon all occasions, and hitherto fupport thofeof the Belgick, Provinces, againft the Spaniard. Now fhe receives thefe laft into her protection, being reduced at that time unto great Extremities, part- ly by reafonof the death of the Prince of Orange? and partly in regard of the great Succeffes of the Prince of Parma. In which extremity they offered her the Soveraignty of Holland, Zealand, and Weft-Friejland? to which they frame for her an unhandfbm Ti- tle, grounded on her defcent from fhilippa, Wife of Edward the third. Sifter of William the third. Earl of Heynalt,Holland,Sic. But fhe notharkningto that offer about the Soveraignty, as a thing too invidious, and of dangerous confequence} cheerfully yeelded to re- ceive them into her protection, to raife an Army prefently toward their defence, confifting of Five thoufand Foot, and One thoufand Horfe, with Money, Ammunition, Arms, and all other neceilaries} and finally, to put the lame Arms fb appointed, under the Com- mand of fbme Perfon of Honour, who was to take the charge and truft of fb great a Bufinefs. The Confederates, on the other fide, being very prodigal of that which was none of their own , deli- vered into her hands the Keys of the Countrey , that is to fay, the Towns of Brill and Flufiing, with the Fort of Ramekins. And more then fb , as fbon as the Earl of Leicejler came amongft them, in the Head of this Army, which molt ambitioufly he affected for fbme other Ends j they put into his hands the abfblute Government of thefe Provinces, gave him the Title of His Excellency, and ge- nerally fubmitted to him with more outward cheerfulnefs than ever they had done to the King of Spain. It is not to bethought, but that the Presbyterian Difcipline went on fuccesfully in thole Pro- vinces, under this new Governor '•> who having countenanced them in England againft the Larvs, might very well afford them all his beft affiftances , when Law and Liberty feemed to fpeakin favour of it. But being there was nothing done by them, which was more than ordinary 5 as little more than ordinary could bedoneamongft them, after they had betrayed their Countrey to the Power of Strangers 5 We fhall leave him to purfue their Warrs, and return for England, where we (hall find the Queen of Scots upon the point of acting the laft part of her Tragedy. 13. Concerning which, it may not be unfit to recapitulate fb much of Her ftory as may conduct us fairly to the knowledg of her preient condition i Immediately on the death of Queen MART, fhe had taken on her felf the Title and Arms of England? which though fhe did pretend to have been done by tfee command'of her Lib. vni. £he tyiftojp of the pzesbpteriartf. *7i her flu. hand, and promifed todilclaiin them both in the Treaty of Fdenborough % yet neither were the Amis oblitet ited in her Plate and Hangings, after the death of that I lusbaod 5 noi would (bee vt t ra- tine and confirm that rreaty9ai had been conditioned. On this fir ft grudg, Queen ELIZABETH furmluth the Scots both with M n and Arms, to ex pel the frt*cb\ affords then Inch a mea- sure both ol Money and Countenance, as made them able to take the Field againft their Qjicei), to take hei Prifbner, to depoie her, and finally, to compel her tororfike the Kingdom. In which Extremity, Ihe.lands in Cumberland^ and cads her U?lf upon the fa- vour of Queen ELIZABETHS bywhomioewas firft confined to Carlijk, and afterwards committed to the cuftody of th< Earl or Shrewsbury. Up ra the death of F R A NC IS theSecood, b< r firft Husband, the King of spam defigned her for a Wife tohisEldeft Son. But the Ambition of the young Princefburredbimonlbraft, thai he brake his Neck in the Career, fbe Duke of Norfolk^wa too great for a private Subject 5 of a Revenue not inferior to the Crown of Scotland: infbmuch that the Queen was counlelled.whcn (be came fir ft to the Throne, either to take him for her Husband, or to cut him oft] He is now-drawn into the Snare, by being tempt- ed to a hope of Marriage with the Captive-Queen 5 which Leicejier and the reit, who had moved it to him, turned to his deftru&ion. Don Jobuof AujirJA , Governourof the Netherlands for the King or Spain, had the like delicti, that by he: Title he might raiie him- self to the Crown of England, To which end he recalled thc.s/u- nijh Soldiers out of //.*/>, to whole dhmitiionhe bad yeelded when he firft came to that Government; and thereby gave Q. //////- BETH a iutiicient colour to aid the Provinces againft him. But his afpirings coft him deer; tor he tell foon after. The Cuifards and the Pope had another project, which was. To place her firft on the Throne or England^ and then to find an Husbandof Suffici- ent Power to maintain her in it. F01 theeikenng of which Pro- :, the Pope commithonated hisPrpefts andJcibltSj and the Gw/- employed their Emifiariesof the Englijb Nation, byPoylbo, Piftol,open Warr,or fecret pra&ifes, todeftroythe one, that fo they might advance the other to the Regal Diadem. 14. with all thele Practiksand Deilgns, it was conceived that the Imprilbncd Queen could not be ignorant ; and many ltrong preemptions were difcovered to convict her ot it : Upon which grounds, the Karl of leicejier drew the form of an Afjociation, by which he bound himlelf, and asmany others as fhould enter into it, To make crqairy againfl all fuch perfins as jhould attempt to invade the Kingdom , or ra'ne Rebellion, or Jhould attempt any evil againji tie Queen's ttrfon\ to do her any manner if hurt, from, or by whomfoe- ?>cr that hyed .my claim to the Crown tf England* And that , that Perfon by whom, or for whom they pail attempt any fmh thing .pall '■ji'leof the Crown, jnal! be deprived of all manner of Right thereto , and ferfti ntcd to the death by all the Queen's Loyal Gnbje&s , m cafe the; pall be found guilty of any fuch Invafion , 1<> BbL - ' klho% i7* %t>tV$ittQiv of ttyPitStyttmn*. Lib. viu. hellion, or Treafon, andjhould be fo public kly declared. Which Band or Aflbciation, was confirmed in the Parliament of this year, ending the lyth of March, Ann. 1585 , exceedingly extolled for an Aft of Piety, by thole very men who feemed to abominate nothing more, than the like Cdmbination made not long before between the Pope, the Spaniard, and the Houfeof Guife, called the Holy League which League was made for maintenance of the Religion then eftablifhed in the Realm of France, and the excluding of the King of Navarre, the Prince of Conde, and the reft of the Houfe of Bourbon , from their fucceffion to the Crown, as long as they continued Enemies to that Religion. The Brethren in this cafe not unlike the Lami£,who are reported to have been (tone-blind when they were at home, but more than Eagle-fighted when they went abroad. Eutthatthey might not truft to their own ftrength only , Queen ELIZABETH tyes the French Ring to her, by inverting him with the Robes and Order of St. George, called the Garter : She draws the King of Scots to unite himfelf unto her in a League Oflenflve and Defenfive againft all the World 5 and under colour of fbme danger to Religion by that Holy League j ihe brings all the Proteftant Princes of Germany to confederate with her. 15. And now the Queen of Scots is brought to a publick Tryal, accelerated by a new Confpiracy oiBabington, Tichborn, and the reft> in which nothing was defigned without her privity. And it is very ftrange to fee how generally all forts of people did contribute to- ward her deftru&ion . the Englifh Proteftants, upon an honeft ap- prehenfion of the Dangers to which the Peribn of their Queen was lubjeft by fo many Conspiracies : the Puritans, for fear left (he (hould bring in Popery again, if (he came to the Crown: the Scots, upon the like conceit of over-throwing their Presbyteries, and ruinating the whole Machina of their Devices, if ever (he (hould live to be Queen of England. The Earl of Leicejier and his Fad) ion in the Court, had their fends apart 5 which was , To bring the Imperial Crown of this Realm, by fbme means or other, into the Family of the Dudleys. His Father had before defigned it , by marrying his Son Guilford with the Lady Jane, defcended from the younger Sifter of K. HE NR r the Eighth. And he projects to fet it on the Head of the Earl of Huntington, who had married his Sifter, and looked upon himfelf as the direct. Heir of George Duke of Clarence. And that they might not want a Party of fufficient ftrength to advance their Intereft , they make themlelves the Heads of the Puritan Fa- &ion$the Earl of Leicefier in the Court, and the Earl of Huntingdon in the Countrey. For him, he obtaineth of the Queenthe command of t heNorth, under the Title of Lord President of the Councel iu TorJ^, to keep out the Scots: and for himfelf, the Conduct of the Englijfj Armies which fer ved in the Lo w-Countrey s, to make fure of all . He takes a courfe alfbto remove the Imprifbned Queen from the Earl of Shrewsbury, and commits her to the cuftody of Paulet , and Drury, two notorious Puritans, though neither of them were fb bafe as to fejve his turn, when he pratt'ifed on them to afMinate her in a pri- vate Lib. VIH. %\)t tfnttozp of tl)t JD'esbpteuan** 27$ rate way; I takcno plcaftirein recounting the particular ot that Horrid Aft, by which a SoveraigD Queen, lawfully Crowned aod Anointed, was brought robe arraigned before the Subjects ot her neareit Kinfwoman, or how the was convicted by them; what Arti- fices were deviled to bring her to the fatal Block) or whatdillimu- latiom practifi d to palliate and excule thatMurthcr. itf.All I (hall n >te particularly in this wofal ftory^fa the behaviour of the Scots , CI mean the Presbyters ) wlio being required by the King to recommend her onto Cod in their publics Prayers, refilled moft umhrilrianly lo to do, except only David Lmdejay at I.ath> and the King's own Chaplains. And yet the Form ot" Prayer prelcri- bed,Wai no more than this, 'lhat it might plcafe Cod to illuminate her viththe light of his Truth , andfavc her from the apparent danger rrhircin Jbe n\is tiji. On which default, the King appointed lolemn Prayen to be made tor her in idcnboroitgb, on the third of Februa- ry; and nominates the Arch-bifliop or St. Andrews to perform that Othce. Which being underltood by the Minilrers ;, they birred up one John Cooper, a bold young man, and not admitted into Orders, of their own conferring to invade the Pulpit, before the Bilhop had an opportunity to take the place: Which being noted by the King, be commanded him to come down, and leave the Pulpit to the Bi- fhops, as had been appointed ; or otherwise, to perform the Service which the Day required. To which the lawcy Fellow anlwcred, That he would do therein according as the Spirit of Cod jhould di- ved him in it. And then perceiving that the Captain of the Guard was coming to remove him thence , hetold the King with the fame impudence as before , That this day jhould be a rtitnefs againji him m the Crcat Day of theLord: Andthen denouncinga Wo to the In- habitantsof ld^:lcrough, he went down} and the Bifhop ot St.An- r/Vfirjcntringthc Pulpit, did the Duty required. For which intol- lerablc Affront, Cooper was prefently commanded to appear be- fore the Lords ot the Council, and he took with him Watfon and Kclcanqual , two of the Preachers of Edenborough , for his two Supporters: Where they behaved themlelves with lo little rever- ence, that the two Miniiters were difcharged from preaching in I ' denborough, and Cooper was fent Prifoncr to the Cattle ©f Elacknefs. But lb unable was the Kingto bear up againlf them, that having a great delire that Montgomery, Arch-bifhop of Glafgotv, might be abfolved from the Cenfures under which he lay, he could no other- wife obtain it, than by relcaling this Cooper, together with Gibfon before- mentioned . from their prelent Imprifonment : which,though it were veeldedtobv the King, upon condition that Cibfon fhould make fomc acknowledgment of his Offence in the face of the Church; yet, after many trillings, and much tcrgiverlation., he teok his tlightinto England, where he became a ulctul Instrument in the Holy Caufe. i~. for ft) it was, that notwithstanding the Promife made to Arch-bifhop If'httgifK by L eiceflit9 W*!tjmgpwmt aod thttCtt, as be- fore if laid , they gave Inch encouragements uuder-hand to the Bbb 3 Vrcsbytt' i?4 %$t l^tfto^p of tjje pjeSbptenans* Lib. viii. Tresbyterians , that they refblved to proceed toward the putting of the Difciplinein execution , though they received fmall counte- nance in itfrom the Queen and Parliament. Nor were thofe great Perfons altogether fo unmindful of them, as not to entertain their Clamours, and promote their Petitions at the Council-Table, crof- fingand thwarting the Arch-bifhop whenfoever any Caufe which concerned the Brethren, had been brought before them. Which drew from him feveral Letters to the Lords of the Council , each fyllable whereof, / for the great Piety and Modefty which appears in them) defervesto have been written in Letters of Gold. Now the fum of thefe Letters, as they are laid together by Sir George Paul, is as followeth. 1 8. " God knows, (faith he) how defirous I have been from time ccto time, to have my doings approved by my ancient and honou- rable Friends: for which caufe, fincemy coming to this place, I cehave done nothing of importance againft thefe Sectaries, without ccgood Advice. I haverifenup early, and fate up late , to yeeld ceReafbns,and make Anfwer to their Contentions, and their Sedi- tious Objections. And fhall I now fay , I have loft my labour? cC Or, fhall my juft dealing with difobedient and irregular perfons, cc caufe my former profefled and ancient Friends to hinder my juft cc proceedings, and make them fpeak of my doings, yea, and of my "(elf, what they lift? Solomon faith , An old Friend is better than cc anew : I truft thofe that love me indeed, will "not fo lightly caft cc off their old Friends, for any of thefe new-fangled and factious cc Sectaries, whofe fruits are to make divifion , and to feparate old good a warrant a I ' do,fl ould be To en count red} and. lot im t ycelding, counted Wilrul. " £ut I muft be content, Vincit qui frthtur* rhen i ferencebc- " twixt VVilfulnels and Conftancy. I have taken upon me , bv the "Place which I hold under Her Majcfty, the defence of the fUJi- ;ion and the Rites of the Church oi England ^ toappcaft the chifins and Sects therein, to reduce all the Miniftcrs thereof to k- Uniformity, and to due Obedience , and not to wavex with every "wind; whichalfc,my Place, my Pcrfon, the Laws, Her Majeity, cc and the goodne&of the Cauft, do require of me, and wheipm "the Lords of Her HigfmeG Privy Council, (all things confidered) te ought in duty to affilt and countenance me. But, How isit pofli- ccblethat I ihouUl perform what I have undertaken, after lb "long Liberty and lackof Dilciplinc, if .1 few periboi Co meanly c< qualified, fasmoft of theft Factious Sectaries are J fiiould becpun- " tenanced againft the whole (rate oi the Clergy, ofgreateft ac- c: count both for Learning, fears, Stayednefs, Wildom, Religion, " and Honefty 5 andopen Breakers and Impugncrs of the Law, c< \oung in Years, proid in Conceit , contentious in Dilpofition, "mould be maintained againft their Govcrnours, ftekiog to reduce "them to Order and Obedience? Hsjcfunt rnitia Htrclicorum , & " ortus , atq\ cQuatnt Scbifmaticorum mule cogituntium , ut fill pUi- ci ic.wt , ut prspofttum fnperbo tu»iorc COUtemuant: fn tic La left* rc- .litnr . fu .dt arc profamtm for is t allocatur, Jic contra Patent Chrijli " Gv Ordinationtm. *tq\ i erst stem Dei Rebellatur. The firft Fruits of I Here ticks, and the hrft Births and Endeavours of Schifmaticks, are, (< To admire tbemftlves, and in their (welling*pride to contemn am •that are ftt over them. Thus do men fall from the Church of God} tc thus is a Forreign Unhallowed Altar erected 5 arid thus is Chriito c< Peace, and God's Ordination and Unity, rebelled againlr. :o. cc For my own part, I neither have done, nor do any thing in (( theft matters, which I do not think my ftlf in Conference and Du^ "ty bound to do, and which Her Ma jelly hath not with earnefc "Charge committed unto me, and which I am not well able- to ju- "ftiiie to be molt requifite for this Church and State; whereof, " next to Her Maiefty, ("though moft unworthy, if not moftunhap- II py J the chief Care is committed tome ^ which I will not ("by the " Grace of God ) neglecl , whatlocver come upon me thcrc-for. 'Neither m.iv I endure their notorious Contempts, unlefs I will <; become A.fop\ Block; and undo all that which hitherto hath been "done. It is certain, that it way be given unto them , upon their "unjuft SurmUcsand Clamour*, it will be the cauft of that confu- c; lion which hereafter the State will be lorry tor. I neither care for c: the honour of this Place I hold , ( which u onus unto mc ) nor the cc largeneis of the Revenue, neither any Worldly thing (I thank iod ) inrefpeft of doing mv duty ^ neither dp I fear the difplea- "iiireoi nun nor the evil (Tongue of the uncharitable, who call me %%6 %$i i^ittoip of tije jfoggbpteuahg, Lib.Viil cc me Tyrant, Pope,Knave, and lay to my charge things that I never ■ (i did or thought. Scio enim hoc ejje opus Diaboli^ut fervos Dei mendaciis c ' lacere-t , & opinionibus falfis gloriofum nomen infamet^ ut, qui Con- iCfcientirn thence the. Brethren <>t other places did fetch their light ^ and asdoubi thet werefcnttob rcl \ the Claflical and S U of other pln< b ing Authemical in< , till they were ratifi in this, which they held the Supreme Confiftory an I 1'ii- luui.il ot the atioo. Bui iothe Countrey, now <> forward than they did in Nortksmpton-Jljire ^ which I ivideinto time (It /<•/; tl.it i > tol.u j the Clafiispf Northampton, Da ami Krttrin : ami the d< \ \ e forthwith ia taken up in rood p n I <»t 1 K-cJ.irr.L but i hneiallv in // .tr\rick:Ji ire. :. Norfolk- I In ihcic clajfcf, they determined in points of \) d hard . of Scripture, delivered theicRciblutiooioiuchCaiea of Conference aa were brought before them, decided Doi ficulti touching' Contracts of Marriage. Ami whatsoever w; eluded by fuch as were prefent (but (till u ith refer* nee to the better judgment of the London* Brethren J became forthwith binding to the nit; none being admitted into any of the aibrefaid CUjJtx be- fore he hath promifcd under his hand, That he would iubnut hitn- fclf, ami be obedient unto. ill fuch Orders ami Decrees as are fet down by the Claim to be obferved. At thUe Claflcsthey enqui- red into the Life and i )o&rine of all that had fubfcribed unto them, oeoiurkig (bme, depofing others, as they fin n 5 in nothing moie fevere, than in iring thofe who had formerly ufcd the Croi> in Baptifin, orothei had beenconformable to the Rules of . the Church. Ami unto every Claim there belo Regifter, who took the Heads of all that palled ,aod faw them care full) en t red ioaBook for that purpofe, that they might remain upon Record. 2:. It may feemftrange, that in a conlritutcd Chin eh. bacl ed by Authont\ of Law, and countenanced by the Favour of the- Su- preme Magiltrat niintr Government or Discipline fhould I put in practife in contempt or both : but more, that they ihould deal in fuch weighty matters asweredeltrn&iveof the Government by taweftabliihed. Some Queftiom had before been frarted at a Me< iatg in Combridg , the final decifion whereof, wa thought fit to be referred to the cUfJisofH orwit ^, where c.imrr. ivernedas the perpetual Moderator: And they accordingly aliemblin. the tenth day of the fourth Month, for fo they phrafed it) did then and there determine in this manner follow : ' II1.1t private Baptitinis c unlawful : That it i- not lawful to read 1 lomiliea in the Churcfoand c tint the fign of the Crofs is not to be uled in Baptiun: That 1 6Fa thful ought not to communicate with unlearned Minifters, al- ct! they ma) be prefcnt at then \ e, in cafe they come ot * purpofe to bear a Sermon (.the reading of the Service being look- ed on as a Lay -man's Office): That the Calling of Bifbops. c/< . i> '^unlawful: l:i:,i they deal in Caufct liauica^thcreisnoduty cb igtothem,n ranypul n them:? hat it is not c lawful I by them into the Miniftrt , or to del ounce ither Sufpenfions orExcoromunicationa lent bytheirAuthority:thai Ccc 278 jDjg ffiftozp of tlje^egbpteriang. Lib, vm. « it is not lawful for any man to reft in the Bifhop's deprivation of c him from his Charge , except upon confultation it feem good un- c to his flock and the Neighbouring-Minifters ; but that he continue c in the fame, until he be compelled to the contrary by Civil Force. c That it is not lawful to appear in a Bifhop's Court., but with a Pro- cteftationof their unlawfulnefs. That Bifhops are not to be ac- knowledged either for Doctors, Elders, or Deacons, as having no c ordinary Calling in the Church of Chrift. That touching the re- c ftauration of the Ecclefiaftical Difcipline, it ought to be taught to cthe people (data occafione) as occafion fhould fcrve % and that as cyet the people are not to be follicited publickly to praclile the c Difcipline, till they be better inftrucledin theknowledgof it. And 'finally. That men of better understanding are to be allured pri- c vately to the prefent allowing the Difcipline 9 and the pra&ife of cir, as far as they fhallbe well able with the Peace of the Church. 23. But here we are to underftand , That this laft Caution was fub joined in the clofe of all } not that they had a care of the church's Peace, but that they were not of fufficient ftrength to difturb the lame , without drawing ruine on themfelves ; which fome of the more hot-headed Brethren were refblved to hazzard : of which they had fome lofs this year , by the Imprifonment of Barrow, Greenwood, Billet, Boudkr , and Studley-> who building on their Principles, and following the Example of Robert Brown, before re- membred, had brake out into open Schifm, when their more cunning Brethren kept themfelves within the Pale of the Church. Butthefe we only touch at now, leaving the further profecutionof them to a fitter place: Suffice it, that their prefent fufferings did fb little moderate the heats of fome fiery fpirits, that they refolved to ven- ture all for the Holy Difcipline, as appears by Pain's Letter unto Feild: Our zeal to Cods Glory (faith he), our love to his Church, and the due planting of the fame in this For-headedAge,fljouldbe jowarm and ftirring in us, as not to care what\dventure we give , or what cenfureswe abide, &c. For otherwife , the Diabolical boldnefs of the Jejuits and Seminaries, will cover our faces withfjame, &c. And then he adds. It is verily more than time to regijier the Names of thefitteji and hottefi Brethren round about our fever al dwellings, whereby to put the .godly Counfel of Specanus in execution, (Note, that Specanus was one of the firft Presbyterian Minifters in the BelgicI^Churches') that is to fay, Siquisobjiciatjkc. If any man objeff , That the Jet- ting up the lawful praUife of the Difcipline in the Church, be hindred by the Civil Magiilrate. 5 let the Magijirate be freely and modejily ad- moniffjed of his duty in it •-, and if he efleem to be accounted either a. Godly or C hrifti an Magijirate , without doubt he will admit wholefome Counfels: but if he do not, yet let htm be more exatfly inJiruSled, that he may ferve God in fear, and lend his Authority in defence of God's Church and his Glory. Marry if by this way there happen no good fuc- cefs, then let the Minijiers of the Church execute their Office according to the appointment of chrijt : for they muji rather obey God than men. In which I aft point, (faith Pain') we have dolefully failed, which novo Lib, viii. gfrefoiftwyot : tbepMSbptetiang, 179 vow or fiancls us in hand to profeiutc ivith all celerity , without lingringor fioying fo long for Parliaments. Bui this Counfcl <>^ /'./ being thought too r.iih , in regard they could not fiod .1 (ufHcient number of Brethren to make good the Action, it was 1 fit to add the Caution above-nuntinned. 1 he I lundred thouund lit which they fo much bragged of, were not yet in readinefs; and therefore it was wiieJy ordered. That as yet the whole multitude were nor to be allured publickly to the praftife ol it, until men were better inftructed in the knpwledgol (b 1 urc a Myftcry : Till when, it couid .not be life tor themto advance their Dilcipline in the way of force. ;4- Now to prepare the people for the entertainment of lb great a Change, it was found necedary inthefirft place to return an An- liver to lome Books which had been written in defence, oi Epifcoptl Government : and, in the next) tomaketheBtfhops feem as odious and contemptible in the eyes of their Ptofelytes, a* Wit aod Ma- lice could deviio. Dr. John Bridges , Dean of Strum, and after* wards Biftiop of Oxford^ publifhed a Ek>okin the year 15 '. entj- tulccl , A Defence of the Government of the Ckurchof Bdglandj in - tended chieny againft Btza\ but lb, that it might (ervc to fatisjfie all Donbtsand Cavils which had been made againft that Govern- ment b\ the Fnglilh Puritans. To which an Ankver is returned by lome zealous Brethren, under the Name of A Defenctof the goal* JkHuifters , ogdhrft the slanders of Dr. Bridges. Bridges replies; and his Eveply producetha tXejoynder, An, 1580, bearing this Inter i pti- on , viz- A Defence of the Ecclefijjlienl Dijcipltne , againft the Reply of Mr, Bridges. Dr, Some, Matter of Pctcr-Houjc in Cambridge to check the (awcinefsof Peurie, a molt fiery Puritan, publifhed a Dif- courfeatthe lame time. to detect his Folliesrand presently comes out a Libel, entituled, Mt. Some laid open in his Colours. The Bre- thren had been (mart enough with Dr. Bridges, and might be thought to have been malcpeit enough with Dr. Some, ir they had not car- ried thcmfelves with far more irreverence towards the Arch-Bilhop and the reft of the Sacred Hierarchy: For now, in prosecution of the other part or their Defign, which was. To make the Bilhops odious and contemptible in the eyes of their Profelytes; four of the molt (editions of all the Pack, (that is to fay, Penrie9 'ihrogmor- ton^Vdaf and tenner) lay their heads together. From which con- junction there proceeded bichafwarmof pefti Serous Libels, that the like niilchie t (neither in nature, nor in number ) did never eier- cile the Patience of aChriftianState. TheAuthorsof them, mask- ed under the borrowed Name of AUrtin Mar-Prelates which Title they had taken on themlelves, not without good cauie, as may ap- pear unto any which have looked intothete particulars \ that isto (ay, Tie rpijileto the Confocation-Houfe : 'I he Epitome: 'ihe Demon fir at ion of Difcipline : The Supplication : Diotrephes: Martins Mi- nerals : Have you any voorl^ for a Cooper : Ft nry s Fp/Jilcs fent from Scotland : 'ihefes Martimanx , or Martin junior: The Protestation t>f Martnu : Martin Senior: Mire U'orl^f or the Cooper : A DIALOGUE, Ccc : fit' i8o 3E&e^itto?pof tl)epje0bptenan& Lib. vin fating forth the Tyrannical dealing of the Bijhops again fi God's Chil- dren. Read over Dr. Bridges, dv. with many others of like ftrain, of which it is hard to fay , whether their Malice or Uncharitablenefs had the raoft predominancy. In all which doings, Cartwright was either of the Council in the firft Defign, or without doubt a great approver of them upon the poft-fadc '■, and thereupon he is affirmed to have ufed thefe words , Thatjince the BiJJjops lives would not amend by grave Books and Advertijements , it was fit they ffoould be fo dealt with to their further fh ante. 25. For printing thefe peftiferous Libels, they chiefly made ufeof Walgrave's Prefs , which he removed from place to place , for his greater fafety 5 that is to fay, at Moulfey, near Kingston upon Thames--, thence to FauJIy in North ampt on- flrire , (b to Norton , afterwards to Coventry, and fo to Welcome in Warwickshire 5 and from thence , fi- nally, to the Town of Manchefter ■., where both the Work-men and the Prefs were feized on by the Earl of Darby , as they were Print- ing the bold Pamphlet , called More Work, for Cooper. For the difperfing of thefe Libels, they made ufe of one Newman, a Cobler, a Fellow fit for fuch a bufinefs $ and it had been great pity if they had employed any other Inftrument. But for their countenance and fupport, (efpecially as to the bearing of their Charges) they had the Purfe of Knightly of Faujley , ( at whofe Houfe fome of them were Printed) being a Gentleman of good Note, but of greater Zeal , whom Snape, and other Leading-men of that County, had in- veigledto them. But he and all the reft might have payed deer for it, if he whom they moft wronged, had not flood their Friend: For, being called -into the Starr-Chamber , and there deeply Cen- fured, they were upon fubmifTion, at the humble and moft earneft fuit of the Arch-Bifhop , releafed from their Imprifbnment , and their Fines remitted. And it is worth the obfervation, That the Pip- ritanswere then moft bufie, as well inferring up their Difcipline, as in publifhing thefe Railing and Seditious Pamphlets, when the Spa- niards were hovering on the Seas with their terrible Navy. At what time they conceived, and that not improbably, that the Queen and Council would be otherwife bulled, than to take notice of their Pradtifes, or fupprefs their doings 3 or rather , that they durft not call them into queftion for their Words or Actions , for fear of alienating the Affections of lb ftronga Party as they had raifed un- to themfelves. The ferious apprehention of which raifchievous Counfels, prevailed fofar on Leicefier and Walfmgham, that they did abfblutely renounce any further interceffion for them 3 profefling, That they had been horribly abufed with their Hypocrifie , which poflibly might happen better for themfelves , than it did for the Church 5 the Earl of Leicefier going to his own Place, before the end of this Year 3 and Waljingham being gathered to his Fathers with- in Two years after. 26. 1 am afhamed to rake in thefe filthy Puddles, though it be ne- ceflary that the bottom of the Cinque be opened, that notice may be taken of that flinch and putrefaction which proceeded from them. In Lib. Viu. "j[he imftozp of tbepjESbpterians, *8i In which refpefi I hope the Header will pxoule mc, it I !u |)mi know, iii.it they could find no other Title lor the Arch-Billiop ot Canto bury, thin Bclzebubai Canterbury, Pope vj I ambith^ the C,*»- tcrbury C.ii.ijh.n I fan, A Monjirou* Ant it hnjiian Pope , W wo/? /;/BiJ/jops of the i I C0Ztnt9%K*AVtfi and xvill lye like Dogs. That they a:e Proud, fcfijb^ I'l.umjtuouf , Prophane 3 Paltry. PeUilent^ Vtrmiciem Prelates and Z'jiirpcrs. inemtc s oj God. and the moji pcjii- lent Pin Mies of the State $ and, Tbit the ivor/i Puritan m England, is an llonefter man than the beft LordB/jhop m Chriftendom. Nor do they (peak iny better of the Inferior Clergy , than they do of the Bilhops; of whom they tell us in liki manner , That they are Popijh Priclh. or A/onkf , or Ffiart , or Ale-haunters , or Boys and Lads> or Drunkards and Dolts \ 7 hat they will wear a- Poofs Hood for a Li' >- g -J ale : ihat th.y arc Hogs , Dogs. Wolves, t axes. Simomaks* V" furpers. Prod or s of Antichrist s Indentions . Popijh Chap-men , halting Neutrals, greedy Dogs to fill their Paunches, a multitude of defpe- rate and forlorn At hulls . aCurJed. "One ireunn ijtd , MurthermgOe- ration. a Crew or Hoop of Bloody Soul-murtherers , and Sacrilegious Church-Robbers , ./>/?eSbpterian9u Lib. vih. mentof the Church of England'-) from what Impieties they were pfeferved, by not joyning with them. One, I am fure , thatis,P,*r- fbtis in* his Book of Three Conversions •, reports thefe Calumnies and SJanders for undoubted Truths 5 That .Martin Mar-Prelate is affirm- ed by Sir Edvoine Sandys, to pafs in thofe times for unqueftion'd Credit in the Court of Rome'-, his Authority * #P^WM EpifcofMm much jpfifted on to difgrace this Church 9 and Canuarienlera., PJeudo- c ,, , - If.r ° c . , , , Epijcopun,,pri'ncipem De- finally, that * Kellifon, one or later date , doth motri<»un),caiapbam,E- build as much upon the Credit of thefe Libels, iaufn,MonRrofum,4ntt- defame the Clergy , as if they had been di- i,m-, alios amem Epifio- crated by the iame Infallible Spirit which the p»s Angit*, Jegeneres, Pope pretends to. Such excellent Advantages SSStJ&K& *><* theft Sain" give unto the Devil, that all the trenos , Lupoi Eptfcopos LocuSis in the Revelation which came out of the Diaboii,&c Maton.iib. fH never created fo much fcandal to the Pri- 3. cap. 10. . ' - - mitive times. 28. To ftill thefe Clamours, or at the Ieaft to flop the mouths of thefe Railing Rabfieeha*s , that fothe abufed people on all fides might be undeceived --, as goodacourfe was took by whitgift and the reft of the Prelates, as Human Wifdom could devile. For firft, A grave Difcourfe is publifhed in the year next following, intituled, An Admonition to the People of England, in anfwer to theflanderous Untruths of Martin the Libeller: But neither this nor any other grave Refutal, would ever put them unto filence, till they were undertaken by 7(?«? N^3 a man of a Sarcaftical and jeer- ing Wit 5 who by fome Pamphlets written in the like loofe way, which he called, Pafquill, and Marforius , The Count er-Scuffie , Pappe with a Hatchet^ and the like ^ flopped their mouths for ever, none of them daring to deal further in that Commodity, when they faw what Coyn they fhould be paid in by fo frank a Cuftomer. Men* tion was made before of a forry Pamphlet, entituled, The Complaint of the Commons for a Pre aching- MiniSiry '■> which penry feconded by another called by the Name of, A Supplication for Preaching in Wales'. In both which it was intimated to all forts of people. That the Gofpel had no free paflage amongft us : That there was no care taken for Preaching the Word of God for the inftruction of the people, for want whereof they ftill remained in darknefs and the lhadow of death. ,For the decrying of which fcandalous and leud fuggeftions, Order was given unto theBifhops to take the Names and Number of the Preachers in their feveral Diocefles , and to prefenta true and perfect Catalogue of them, in the Convocation, which was then at hand. By which Returns it will appear. That at this time when fo much noife was made for want of Preaching, there were within the Realm of England, and the Dominion of Wales, no fewer than Seven thoufand four hundred fixty three Preachers andCatechifersj which laft may be accounted thebeft fort of Preachers for the inftru&ion of the people. Of which great Number there were found to be no fewer than One hundred forty five Doctors in Divinity, Three hundred forty eight Batchel- lors Lib. Viu. JLhelwttojpof thep?esbptcrhn&. 28$ lor sol Divinity, Thirty oik Do&orspf both I iwi, I i entj one Balchelors of tbeiame; Eighteen hundred Matter* in Arts, Nine hundred forty fix Batcbelorsof Arts, and Two tnou&nd ftven hun- dred forty ii\ Catechifcrs. So tli.it neither the number pf bara Reading* Miniitcrs was /b great, nor the wanl of Preaching (b< plorablc, in moft partsol the Kingdom, as t hole Pamphletimade it; the Authors whereof ought rather to have magnified the Name ol Cod fori ; iuch a large Encreafc ol Labourers in his Heaven- ly Husbandry, as could not an] where be jparallel'd in fbfbort a time) there palling no more than Thirty years between thefirft bc- giunmgot Queen Elizabeth's llcign , and the rcodriog oi this A< > count to the Convocation. 29, And that tnc Parliament might receive the Time (atisfadtf- . .a molt excellent and judicious Sermon was Preached ar St. P.wt\ Crols on Suttaa) the ninth or lebrnarj. being the lirft Sunday a\u\ their Aflemblingjb) Dr. Huh.ird hamroft . being then Chaplain to the Lord Chancellor ii.itton , preferred within lome few year! alter 10 the S( e of J that we may lee what Harmony andConlent there is betwixt them and their dear Brethren of the Dhcipline in other Nations: For if we look into the Pamphlets which came out thi^ Teat , we (hall find theft Doctrines taught for more Sacred Truths, VIZ. 'lh.it if Princes do hinder them that feel^ for thh Difciplmct/ey are Tyrants both to the church and Mimfiers'-y and being fo , may clepojed by their Subjects. 'J hat no Civil Magijlrate hath pre-eminence by ordinary Authority*, cither to determine of Church-Caufes , or to make It cleft aft ical Orders and Ceremonies. 'J hat no Civil Magijiratc hathfuch Authority, as that without his confent it fljould not be law- ful for Fcclcjiafiical per/ons to m.ike and publif) Chttrch-Orders.lbat they which sre no Elders of the Church, have nothing to do with the Government of it. That if their Reformation be not hajincd forward by the Magistrate , the SnbjeSi ought not any longer to tarry for it , but muft do it thcmjclvcs. 'J hat there were many thoufands which defired t : Difcipltne : And. That great Troubles would enfue if it were de- nied them. 1 hat their Presbyteries mujt prevail: And , That if it b< brought about by Jit. h way s and means as would mal^c the Bifjops heart s io tkfi ''* them blame thcmfelves. For explication of which lalt callage, Martin Mar-rrelate in his firft Book, threatens Only fi/isj but in the fecond, he adviftth the Parliament then aflemoled, to put down Lord Bijhops , and bring in the KeJorm.it ion which they lookc for. whether Her Majejiy would or not. -{2. But theft perhaps were only the evaporations of fome idle Heads, the Freaks of Dhcontent and Pailion, whan they were crof- fed in their Detires: Let us fee therefore what is taught by 'ihomjs D d d Cartwright, zU %i)t teifto?p sf tt)e ff?cgbptman& Lib, Viu. Cartwright^ the very Calvin of the £;/£///& 5 as highly magnified by Martin , and the reft of that Fa&ion, as the other was amongft the French. Dr. Harding in his Anfwer to Bilhop jfwe/, allures us, That the Office of a King is the fame in all places, not only amongft Chri- ftians, but amongft the Heathen. Upon which Premifes he concludes, That aChriftian Prince hath no more to do in deciding of Church- matters, or in making Ceremonies and Orders for the fame 3 than hath a Heathen. Cartrvright affirms himfelf to be of the fame opi- nion 5 profeffing ferioudy his diflike of all fuch Writers as put a difference between the Rights of a Prophane and a Chriftian Magi- ftrate. Specanus^ a ftiff Presbyterian m the Belgick^ Provinces,. makes a diftin&ion between potefias Faffi, and pot eft as Jurist and then in- fers upon the fame, That the Authority of determining what is fit to be done, belongs of right unto the Minifters of the Church, though the execution of the FacVin Civil Caufes, doth properly appertain to the Supreme Magiftrate. And more than this, the greateft Clerks amongft themfelves would not give the Queen. If (he afliime unto Her felf the exercife of Her farther Power , in or- dering Matters of the Church according to the lawful Authority which is inherent in the Crown, Shelhall presently be compared unto all the wicked Kings , and others , of whom we read in the Scriptures 5 that took upon them, unlawfully to intrude themfelves into the Prieft's Office -•> as unto Saul0 for his offering of Sacrifice j unto Ojias for burning Incenfe upon the Altar 5 unto Gideon., for ma- king of an Ephod: and finally, to Nadab and Abihu^ for offering with • flrange fire unto the Lord. 33. According to thefe Orthodox and found Refblves, they hold a Synod in St. jazz's Colledg in Cambridge taking the opportunity of Sturbridg-Fayr s to cloak their meeting for that purpofe. At which Synod ( Cartwright and Perkjns being prefent amongft the reft J the whole Book-Difeipline, reviewed by Traverfe , and for- mally approved of by the Brethren in their feveral ClalTes , recei- ved a more Authentick approbation : infomuch , that firft it was decreed amongft them, That all which would might fubfcribe unto it, without any neceffity impoled upon them fo to do. But not long after, it was made amatterneceflary,lbneceflary,asitfeemsthatno man could be chofen to any Ecclefiaftical Office amongft them, nor to be of any of their Aflemblies, either Clafiical , Provincial, or National, fill he had firft fubfcribed to the Book of Difcipline. Another Synod was held at Ipfwich , not long after , and the Relult9 of both confirmed in a Provincial and National Synod held in Lon- don^ which gave the Book of Dilcipline a more lure eftablifhment than an Aft of State. It is reported, that the night before the great Battel in the Fields of Thejjaly , betwixt defar and Pompey, the Vompeyan Party was lb confident of their good fuccefs , that they caft Dice amongft themfelves for all the great Offices and Ma- gistracies of the City of Rome , even to the Office of theChief- Prieft-hood, whfch then C, Biuhops, Chancellors, Deaut,Geti- noiis, Arch-Deacons, Comnliflaries,r\cgifters, Apparitors, &e, (all which) by their pretended Reformation, muft have been thrufr oat ol their Livings) Oiould be provided tor, th.ir the Commonwealth might not be thereby pcfte red with Beggars. And this they did urV- on the confidence ol (ome unlawful Aiuftance to efled their pur- poles, it neither the Queeo, nor the Lords of the Council, nor the Inferior Magiftratcs in their (everal Counties Call which they now (bllicited with more heat than ever ) ibould co-operate with them. For about this time ic was, that Cawtmright in his Prayer before his Sermon 9 v.. is noted to have ufcd thcie words, n>. Kecanfe th,y ( meaning the Biihops) wticbemgiit to be vill.tr s in the church, com- bine themfelves againft Cbrifi ana his Truths therefore, OL*ra\ %rve u< Grace and Vvrver , .///, atone nun, to jet our Jelvcs againft then/. Which words bcufed frequently to repeat, and to repeat wit rrluch an earncftnefs of fpirit, as might (ufheiently declare that he had a purpolc to raile Sedition in the State-, tor the impofing of that f3if- cipline on the Church of England, which w.\s not likely to be countenanced by any lawful Authority; which put the Queen toa necetiity of calling him, and all the reft of them, to abetter ac- count 5 to which they tlull be brought in the years next fol- lowing. 3 j. In the mean time we muft pals over into France, where we find HENRT the Third, the laft King of the Houle of i\t loft, moft mtferably deprived ot his Life and Kingdom 5 driven out ot" r.nis firft by tiie Guifiau Faction 5 and afterwards afiaffinateti by ff.iques Clement . .1 Dominican I- ryar, as lie lay at St. Cloud, attend- ing the reduction of that (rubborn City. Upon whole death the Crown defended lineally on hfnrt of Bourbon , King of n.i- voire, and Ouke of Vtndojmo, as the next Heir-male ; Kor the oc- cluding of which Prince, and the reft of that Houle, the Holy League was lint contrived, as before is laid. There was at that time inthe late King's Army, a very (bong Party of French Catholickj , who I preferred their Loyalty to their Natural Prince, before the pri- vate Intercft and Defignsof the Houle of Guifi^ and how general- ly declare ill favour of the true Succellbr. By their AHifrance, and the coocurring-Foroesof the Hugonot-V^xon^ it had been no hard matter for him to have Mattered the Duke ot M.une , wha then had the Commandof the Gnijum Leagues. But in the laft he found himlclf deceived of his expectation. The Hu^onots , which formerly had I I with fo much cheer fu I nefs under bll Command their King, would not nowCbrve him in his jult and lawful Warrs againft his Enemies: Or, it they did, it fhall be done upon Condi- tons lo intolerable, that he might better have pawned his Crown 10 a Forreigo Pjtince, than on Inch terms to buy the favour of his Subit.ets.They looked upon him as reduced toa great necetiity ;mott of the Provinces , and almoft all the Principal Cities, having before engaged agamic HLNKT the Third, and many others falling off D d d 2 when [ *88 %t>z ffifto?P of tfte p?egbpterian& Lib, viii. when they heard of his death. So that they thought the new King Was not able to fubfift without them } and they refolved to work their own Ends out of that NecelTity. Inltead of leading of their Armies, and running cheerfully and couragioufly towards his defence, who had fo oft defended them, they lent Commiflioners or Delegates to negotiate with him, that they may know to what Con- ditions he would yeeld for their future advantage , before they afted any thing in order to his prefervation : and their Conditions were fo high,fo void of allRefpe&s of Loyalty, and even com- mon Honefty, that he conceived it fafer for him, and far more ho- nourable in itfelf , to cafe himfelf upon the Favour of the Queen of England, than condefcend to their unreafonable and unjuft de- mands. So that, in fine, the Hugonots, to a very great number, for- ibok him moft difloyally in the open Field, drew off their Forces, and retired to their feveral dwellings, inforcing him to the neceili- ty of imploring fuccours from the profelTed Enemies of his Crown and Nation. Nor did he find the Queen unwilling to fupply him both with Men and Money on his firft defires. For which She had better reafbn now , than when She aided him and the reft of the French Hugonots, in their former Quarrels. And this She did with fiich a cheerful opennefs both of Heart and Hand, as did not only- make him able to keep the Field, but to gain ground on the untra- ceable and intuiting Rebels. Which when the Bugonots obferved, and (aw that he was like enough to do well without them, they then came freely to his aid , and were content to take fuch terms as he • plealed to give them. 1587. 34. And now again we are for Scotland^ where we fhall find the King's Affairs grown from bad to worfe.We left him in a great vexa- tion, for not being able to prevail inany thing in behalf oi Montgo- ntery^ unlets he relinquithed his pmimtaga'mik Gibjbn and Cooper. For Co it was, thathemuft do and furTer more than he had done hither- to, before he could give himfelf any hopes of living peaceably amongft them. A Parliament is therefore fummoned to be held at Edenborough, in the end of JhIji : In which he was contented to pais lome Acts for ratifying all Laws made in his Minority, in favour of the Kirk of Scotland , for trying andcenfuring the Adverlaries of true Religion 5 as alfo, for the punilhing of fuch as did menace or invade the Minifters. But that which gave them moft content, was an Aft of Parliament for Annexing of all the Temporalties of Bifhopricks, Abbeys, and other Religious Houles, which had not otherwife been diipofedof to the Crown cf that Realm} which they promoted under colour of improving the Royal Patrimony, that the King might have Means to bear forth the Honour of his Eftate, and not trouble his Subjects with Taxations 5 but in plain truth, to overthrow the Calling and Eftate of Bifhops, which they prefumed that no man of Quality would accept , when the Lands were aliened. And this the King was the more willing to con* lent to, in regard that he had been perfwaded by fome about him, That the Epifcopal Houles being referved out of that Grant, toge- ther Lib. VIII. £t)e l{)iao?p of the pjesbpterun*. 289 gether with theTythesof the Chuiebcs formerly annexed to their Benefices, would be fufficientto maintain their Dignity in (bme Ht proportion. But the King' loon found himfclf abufed : For the red or the Tcmporaltjps w hich formerly had been difpo^cd of amongfl the Laity, being (ctled and confirmed upon them m the prcient Pai - liament, there remained folittle to the Crown b) this Annexation, • kft him nothing behind, but the envy of lohigh a Sacriledg the gain and benefit whereof wasinjoyedby otbert. And of thai little which remained unto him by the Annexation, he received vert (mall contentment, moltot it being (qeandered away by (bme begging Courtieis till he had left himfclf unable to reward or gratific .1 dcfcl - ving Minitter. But this he did not find till it was too late; though thedikale was paft all remedy, had he found it loonu. Bui wbal he could not do himfclf when he lived in Scotl.ind, he fitft commended to the doing oi bis Son Prince Henry, in his Book called BaJiiicoH Doron; and alter lived to fee it remedied, in part, when he reigned in IngUnd. 35. rheie hapned alio a Difputeia the pre lent Parliament, betwixt the Minutersof the Kirk, and Inch of the Gentry as formerly had poileiled themillvesof Abbc\ s and Priories, and therein challenged to themielvcs a place in Parliament : Concerning which WC arc to know, that molt* or the Monalterics and Religious Eiouies, had been founded upon Tyt.hes and Impropriations, though not with- out fome good proportion of Dcmelncs, uhieh were laid unto them. But when the Scots were let upon the humour or Refor- mation, and let upon it in a way wHch (hewed them rather to pro- ceed upon private Ends, than the publick Intercltor Religion-- the principal men amonglt them lei/.cd on all which they could lay hands on, and after kept it to themielvcs by no better Title than that of the rirft Ulurpation only, and no more than lb. Some of the Bifhops and Abbots alio, feeing how things were like to go, and that the Church's Patrimony was not like to hold in the lame Succelfions which had conveyed it unto them, difmcmbicd the beftTythcs and Mannors from them, or otherwile religned the whole to the hands of fuch as appeared molt able to protect: them. And lb it ftcod,till Murrey was made Regent of the Realm in the King's fir ft Infancy; who did not only wink at thole Ufurpation>, ( the cjucfti- oning whereof would molt infallibly have eftranged the Occupants from adhering to him) but fulfered many of the Layards and Gen- tlemen to invade theTythes, which had not formerly been appro- priated to Religious Houfes, and to annex them tothe relt of their oun Eftates. By means whereof, fome of them were polielled of fix, ten, twelve, or twenty Ty things, united into one Eftate, as they lay molt convenient for them. The Miniftcrs being put off with beg- gerlv Itipends, amounting in few places to ten pounds per annum of good Emglijb money. Thefc, with the reft, they called the Lords of verv tre&ion 5 and they did Lord it over the poor people with pride and tyranny enough : For, neither would they fuller the Occupant or Land-holder to carry away his nine parts of the Fruits, till D-dd 3 they 2$>o 2H» l^tCto^p of tljc |&je8bpterian8* Lib. Vin. they had taken ofFtheir Tenth 5 and fometimes out of fpight, or felf-will , or any other pedant humour, would fuffer their tenth part to lye at waftein the open Field, that the poor Labourer of the Earth.might fuffer the more damage by it. But that which did mod grieve the Minifters in the prefent exigent , was, Thatfuch Lairds and Gentlemen as had robbed the Church, and plumed their own Nefts with the Feathers of it, fhould fit and vote in Parliament as Spiritual Perfons, and they themfelves be quite excluded from thole publickCouncils.A great heat hereupon was (truck in the prefentSef. fion3 by Pont and Lindfey, commifiionated by the Kirk for that em- ployment \ who openly propounded, in the Name of the Kirk,That the (aid pretended Prelates might be removed at the prelent , and difobled for the time to come, to fit in Parliament, as having no Au- thority from the Church, andmoftof them no Function or Calling in it. #r//ce,Commendatorof Kinlojfe , was chofen for the mouth of the reft} and he appeared fo ftronglyin it, that the Petition of the Minifters was referred to the Lords of the Articles, and by them rejected 5 though afterwards they had their Ends in it, by a follow- ing Parliament. 0,6. Being made fecure from any further fear of Bimops, by reafbn of the Poor Submifiion which was made by Montgomery, and the annexing of Arch-bifhops Lands to the rvoyal Patrimony^ theMinifters became more infolent and imperious than they had been formerly f and in that jolly humour they fb vexed and terrified him that he could find no other way in point of King-craft, to preferve himfelf againft their infolences%nd attempts, but by giving forae en- couragement tothePopifh party. The exercife whereof brought out many Priefts and ]efuitSp fbme of them more particularly to negotiate in behalf of the King of Spain, who was then a fetting forward his great Armada. But the King well knowing of what con- sequence that imployment was,and how deftruclive of his Inter eft to theyCrown of England, commanded them by publick Proclamation to avoid the Kingdom. But withal gave them day till the Jaft of January, that they might not complain of being taken unprovided : Which fmall Indulgence fo offended the unquiet brethren, that they called a number of Noble-men, Barons, and Commiffioners of Burg- ly (without fo much as asking the Kings leave in it) to meet at Eden* borough on the Oxt of February, to whom they reprefented the Chur- ches dangers., and thereupon agreed to go all together in a full body to the Court, to attend the King 5 to the end that by the terror of fb great a company, they might work him to their own defires. But the King hearing of their purpofe, refuted to give accefs to fo great a multitude , but fignified withall that he was ready to give audience untofbme few of them which fhould be chofen bythereft. But this affront the King was forced to put up alfb, to pafs by the unlawful- nefsof that Convention, to acknowledg their grievances to be juft, and to promife a redrefs thereof in convenient time. Which drew him into Action againft Maxwel and fome others of the Popifti Lords arid for the fame received the publick thanks of the next Aflembly, that . Lib. Viii. %\k Hjittozp of the pzcsbrterian*. 2QI that being no ordinary favour in them ^ and v Iwitb- all, ;is tobefiirlered to take Mr. Pttricl^GalL w n from bis ( in firth, to be one of the Preachers at the Court. Of which pai i I had perhaps took little notice, but that we are to bear more oi him on fbme other occaGon, 57. The next fine pranck they plaid, relates to the Crowning ol Queen Amt, with wboroth landed out of Denmark at the Pprt ot Letth, ontheaof£. or yi/7 1590. and deligned her Corona on the morrow after. None of the Bi(hopt being at hand, the King was willing to embrace the opportunity to < k, by making choiceof one o( their own Brethren, to Ceremony; to which he nominated Mt.Robtrt Bruce : ur at FJcnlorott&b , and one or' the molt moderate men in a '■ \f- fembly. But when the fitneis of it came to b nined by the reft of the Brethren , it was refolved to pretermit 1 te Unction (01 An- nointingof Her) as a Je&ifi Ceremony, abolished by Chriit, re- ftorcd into Chriftian Kingdoms by the Pope ority, and there- fore not to be continued in 1 Church Reformed. 1 tuft Itarted by one John Davimpm , who had then no Char. n 1 Church, though followed by a Company of ignorant; dirious people, whom Andrew Jlklvin let on work to begin : Q .-.rid, and then ftood up in his defence to make it good. Much pains was taken to convince them by the Word oi God , ["hat the Unction, or Annointing of Kings, was nn j.ivijn Ceremon) : hut Jilclvins Will was neither to be ruled by Rcafon. nor (ubefuedby Argument; and he had there lo ftrong a Part) , ll 31 it palled in the Negative. Inlomuch that Kruce durft not proceed in the So- lemnity, tor rear or' the Centres of the K/rl^. The King had no- tice of it, and returns this word, That if the Coronation might not be performed by Emcc, with the wonted Ceremonies J. e would (lay till the coming of the Bifhops, of whofe readinefs to conform therein, he could make no queftion. Rather than lo , laid Andrew liiclvin , let the Unction pais: better it was that a Minifrcr fhouM perform that honourable Office, in what Form foexer, than that the Bilhops (hould be brought again unto the Court upon that occalion. But yet, unwilling to prophane himfelt by confentingto it. he left them to agree about it, as to them leemed beft \ and he being gone, it was concluded by the major part of the Voices, That the An- nointing (hould be tiled. According whereunto, the Queen v. Crowned and Annointed on the Sunday following, with the wont- ed Ceremonies, but certainly with no great States there being (b ffiort an interval betwixt Her Landing, and the appointed day of Her Coronation. 38. It was not long before, that they had a quarrel with the j :i Lords of the Sellion , touching the Jurifdiaion of their lcvcral Courts; but now the Ailembly would be held tor the chief Tri- bunal. One Cr.ih.iKi was conceived to have iuborned a publick Notary to torgc an Inftrumtnt, which the Notary confeiled on Examination, to have been brought to him ready drawn, by one of »92 W&t l^iftojp of tjie i&jesbptenansu Lib. Vim of the faid Graham's Brethren. Graham enraged thereat, enters an Aftion againft Sympfon^ the Minifter of Sterling , as one who had induced the man, by fbme finifter Praftifes, to make that Confeffion. The Aftion being entred, and the Procefs formed , Sympfon com- plains to the Aflembly, and they give Order unto Graham to appear before them , to anfwer upon the fcandal railed on one of their Bre- thren. Graham appears, and tells them. That he would make good his Acculation before competent Judges , which he conceived not them to be. And they replyed, That he muft either ftand to their judgment in it, or elfe be cenfured for the (lander. The Lords of the Seffion hereupon interpole themfelves, defiring the Aflembly not to meddle in a Caule which was then dependent in their Court in due form of Law. But the Aflembly made this Anfwer, That Sympfon was a Member of theirs : That they might proceed in the purgation of one of their own number, without intrenching on the Jurisdiction of the Civil Courts } and therefore, that their Lordlhips fhould not take it ill, if they proceeded in the Tryal. But let the Lords of the Seffion, or the Party interefted in the Caufe, fay what they pleafed, the Aflembly vote themfelves to be Judges in it , and were refblved to proceed to a Sentence againft him as a falfe Accufer. In fine, thebufinefs went fo high on the part of the Kirk, that the Lords of the Seffion were compelled to think of no other Vi&ory than by making a drawn Battel of it 5 which by the Mediation of fome Friends was at laft effected. 39. The Kirk is now advancing to the higheft pitch of her Scotch Happinefs, in having her whole Difcipline, that is to fay , their Na- tional and Provincial Aflemblies , together with their Presbyteries and Parochial Seffions 5 confirmed by the Authority of an Act of Parliament. In order whereunto , they had ordained in the Aflem- bly held at Edenborough> on the 4th of Auguft^ Anno 1 5 90. That all fuch as then bore Office in the Kir^ or from thenceforth fjou/d bear any office in it , Jhould aUually fubfcribe to the Book. °f Difcipline. Which Aft being fo material to our prelent Hiftory , deferves to be exemplified verbatim , as itftands in the Regifters, and is this that followeth, viz. Aug.4. i5£0. 40. " Forafmuch that it is certain,That the Word of God cannot be kept in the own fincerity, without the HolyDif- : cipline be had in obfervance : It is therefore by the common content of the whole Brethren and Commiffioners prefent, "concluded,That whofoever hath born Office in the Miniftry " of the Kirk within this Realm, or that prefently bears, or " (hall hereafter bear Office therein,(hall be charged by every " particular Presbytery, where their residence is, to fubfcribe "the Heads of the Difcipline of the Kirk of their Realm, "at length letdown and allowed by Aft of the whole Afc "fembly , in the Book of Polity, which is regiftratein the cc Aflembly -Books, and namely the Heads controverted by "Enemies of the Difcipline of the Reformed Kirk of this " Realm, i(. cc LiCvnTT ^etoifto^oEtbep^bptcrianai. 29* "Realm, betwixt this and the m nodal Aflcmbiiei of "the Provinces, under the pain ol Excommunication tobc " o^cuted againft the Non-iubicribers : and the Presbyte* "lies which (hall be found remits an.l negligent herein) to "refceive publick rebuke of the whole Aflcmbly. And to "the efledfc the did Discipline may be known ask ought to "be, to the whole Brethren 5 it is ordained. That the Mo- "deratoi of cadi Presbytery Hull receive from the Clerk " of the AllemW y j 8 Copy of the laid Book, under his Sub- scription, upon the Ex pence* Of the Presbytery, betwixt '•this and the firlt day of September next to come, uiv "the pain of being openly acculcd in the face of the whole " Aliembly. 41. Tliis Preparation being made , they prcfent their whole de- fires to tin King, in the following Parliament, convened at Eden' b or ontb,\v\ the Mon hof June , 1592. In which it was propofed, c 1. 1 hat tbeA&s of Parliament mule in the year 15-4, agaiuft cthe D Hciplinc of the Kirk, and the Liberty thereof, fobuld be 'abrogated and annulled 5 and a Ratification of the Difcipline c granted, whereof they were then in prachle. 2. That the Act of ttion lhould be repealed, and reftitution ma< ;hc 'Church's Patrimony. 3. That the Abbots, Priors, and other < Prelates , bearing the Titles of Kirk-men, and giving Voices for 'the Kirk without Tower and Comnuliion from the lame, lhould 'net be permitted in time coming, to give Voice in Parliament, "or convene in the Name of the Kirk. And, 4. That a folici Or- c der might be taken for purging the Realm or Idolatry and Blood, 'wherewith it was milerably polluted. On the keend and third of thefe Defires, the King took longer time of deliberation. being points of great concernment to Hirnfdf and others, touch- - the main of their Efhites. But Herelolved to give them (at is- ion in the fult and latf. It was anfwered therefore to the hilt part of the laic Article, 'I hat fifing of Aloft ^ receiving *f]cfnitfs ninary Friejis, and Trafficking Fap/Jis^ ag.nnlit/je K/ngs Af.ij Jiy a// J Religion prcfent ly profejffed , Jhould be a juji canfi to infer the Sain of Treafin i with this Provilo notwithstanding , Thai if the ■nts an. I Seminary Fricjis did jatisfe the Prince and the church, for ef aid Penalty jhould not be laid on the Receivers. And to the (econd part thereof, concerning blood, it was anfwered, That the lame lhould be remitted to the Courts of Jufcice. In like man- ner it was an Ito the firft branch of their tuft Propo(al,7^4l t.ttntes 1 >ottld be no ways prcjud/c/al. nor derogatory to the ledges that Cod had given to the ([/ritual Office-bearer in the Churchy con, Heads of lielig/on , /natters of Hcrcjic , Fxcont- Mitn/1 at/on. Collation, or Deprivation of Mmijiers , or any Inch Fe- ci .' Cenfitres, grounded and having narrant of the Word of Cod. But to the fecond branch thereof, he gave his Plenary allent, ac- cording to the tenor of the Act here following 5 which in regard L e e it *94 3Ef>p feittojp of tlje P jegbpterian& Lfb. vm. it contains the fum of all their Projects for life-time then paft , and the ground of all their Infolencies for the times enfuing} it (hall not grieve me to fubjoyn,norbetroublefometo the Reader to pals it over, if he have not patience enough to go thorow with it. Now the tenor of the faid Act is as followeth. At the Parliament holden **Edenborough, June 5. in the Tear of Cod, 1592. 42. c Our Soveraign Lord , and Eftates of this prefent 'Parliament, following the Laudable and Good Example cof their Predeceflbrs, hath ratified and approved, and by cthe tenor of this prefent Act ratifies and approves all Li- * berties, Priviledges, Immunities,and Freedoms, whatfbever, 'given and granted by His Highnefs, his Regents in His 'Name, or any of His Predeceflbrs, to the True and Holy : Kirk , prefently eftablifhed within this Realm, and declared 'in thefirft Ace of His Highnels Parliament, the2cf£day of ' OBob. 1 5 J9 .And all and whatfbever Acts of Parliaments and ' Statutes made of before by His Highnefs and His Regents, canent the Liberty and Freedom of the (aid Kirk} andfpeci- c ally the firft Ad of Parliament holden at Edenborough^ the c2^tho£ 0&ober> intheyear of God 1581, with the whole ' particular Acts there mentioned 5 which (hall be as fuffici- c ent as if the lame were here mentioned : and all other Acts ' of Parliament made fince , in favour of the true Kirk, and 'fuchlikej ratifies and approves the general AlTemblies ap- c pointed -by the (aid Kirk } and declares. That it (hall be law- cful to the Kirk and Minifters every year, atleaft,cr oftner, c pro re nata^ as occafion andneceflity (hall require, to hold c and keep general AlTemblies, providing^that the King's Ma- 'jefty, or His Gommiffioners with Him, to be appointed by cHis Highnefs, be prefent at ilk general Aflembly, before 'the diflblving thereof, to nominate and appoint time and 'place, when and where the next general Aflembly fhall be 'holden- And in cafe neither His Majefty nor His Commif- ' doners be prefent for the time, in that Town where th» c next general Aflembly is holden '-, then, and in that cafe , it ' fhall be lefum to the faid general Aflembly , by themfelves ' to nominate and appoint time and place where the next 'general Aflembly of the Kirk fhall be kept and holden, as ' they have been ufed to do in times by-paft. And alio, rati- 'fies and approves the Provincial and Synodal Aflemblies, 'to be holden by the faid Kirk and Minifters twice ilk year, c as they have been, or prefently are in ufe to do, within eve- ' ry Province of this Realm. And ratifies and approves thefe ' Presbyteries, and particular Seflions appointed by the faid 'Kirk, with the whole Difcipline and Jurifdiction of the 'fame, agreed upon by His Majefty 9 in conference had by His Lib. viii. £foe Diflozp of the pmbrttrian*. 7^7 •Hi Ilighm! , with certain of the Miniltcrs convened to c th;it eifeci ; ot the which Articles, the tcnour follow- ccth.- I. Jlf.tttcr s to he intre .itcd in YrovinciA Ajjemllits. 4^. s Their Allemblies arc conftitutc for weighty mat* cter$3 nccellary to be iutreatcd by mutual conient and aliift- 'anceof Brethren within the Province 3 as need requires. 'This Ailcmbly hath Pojger to, handle, order and r< 'all things omitted ot done amiu in the particular Ailem- •blics. It hath Power to depo(e the Office-bearers ot the •province, for good and j uft caufes defer viog deprivation. •And generally. thelo Allemblies have the whoL* Power of * the particular Eldcrthipy, whereot they are collected. 2. Mutters to be intrc.itccl in the Treshyteries. 'The Power of thcPresbytcrii s,is, To ufe diligent labours ' in the bounds committed to their charge, that the Kirks be 'kept in good oider: To enquire diligently of naughty and 'ungodly perfons, and to travel to bring them into the way •again, by Admonition, or Threatning of God's fudg- •ments, or bv (Correction, ft appertains to the Eldcrfhip ■to takeheeShac the Word ot God be purely preached •within their bounds, the Sacraments rightly minilhed. the ' Oiicipline entertained, and Ecclchaltical Goods uncor- 'ruptly distributed. It belongeth to this kind of Allcm- 'blies, To caufe the Ordinances made by the Ailcmblies c Provincial, National, and general , to be kept and put in •execution: To makcConftitutions which concern t3 *(\-x%i •in the Kirk, for decent Order in the particular Kirk where •they govern; providing, that they alter no Rules made by •the Provincial and General Allemblies : andthat the Pro- ' vincial Allemblies aforefaid, be privy to the Rules that they •Hull make, and to abolilh Conftitutions tending to the •hurt of the fame. It hath power to excommunicate the ob- 'ltinatc, formal proccis being had , and due interval of times 'oblervcd. Ancnt particular Kirks, if they be lawfully ru- • led In lumcicnt Minifters, and Seflion, they have Power •and Jurisdiction in their own Congregation, iu matters Ec- •clclialrical : and decrees and declares the Allemblies, Pres- • bytcries\and Sellions-Jurifdiction, and Difciplineaforelaid, •to be in all times coming moft julc.good, and godly, in it •lelf; notwithstanding whatfoever Statutes, Acts, Canons, •Civil and Municipal Laws made to the contrary : to which, ' and every one of thera, thefe Prelents fhall make exprefs 'derogation. E ee a 44. And *9* %$*> ffiftQZP of tlje jfoegbptenangl_ Lib, vm. 44. And becaufe there are divers Afts of Parliament cmade in favour of the Papiftical Church , tending to the c prejudice of the Liberty of the true Kirk oP God , pre- cfently profefled within this Realm, Jurifdiciionand Difci- cpline* thereof, which ftand yet in the Books of the* Afts of c Parliament not abrogated nor annulled: Therefore His 'Highnefs andEftates forefaid, hath abrogated, called, and c annulled, and by the tenour hereof, abrogates, cafts, cand annuls all Afts of Parliament made by any of His €Highnefs Predeceflbrs for* maintenance of Superftition and 'Idolatry • with all, and whatfoever Afts, Laws, and Sta- tutes, made at any time before the day and date hereof, cagainft the Liberty of the true Kirk, Jurifdiftion and Dif- ccipline thereof, as the lame is ufed and exercifed within •this Realm. And infpecial, that Aft of Parliament holden cat Sterlings the \th of November ^^^ , commanding obe- c dience to be given to Eugenius the Pope for the time : the cAft made by K. James the 3d, in His Parliament holden at c Edenborough) the 24/A of February^ in the year of God 1480, c And all other Afts whereby the Popes Authority is efta- c blifhed. The Aft of the faid King ffames in his Parliament c holden at Edenborough^ the 10th of November y 1469, anent 6 the Saturday , and other Vigils, to be Holy-day from Even- c fong to Even-fbng. Item^ That part^f the Aft made by c the Queen-Regent, holden at Edenmough the firft day of c February 1 551 , giving fpecially Licenfe for holding of c of Tafchs and Zuil. 45. c And further, the King's Majefty andEftates afore- said, declare, That the 129 th Aft of Parliament holden cat Edenborough^ the i^d of May> in the year of Go.d 1 $84, c fhall no ways be prejudicial , or derogate any thing from c the Priviledg that God hath given the Spiritual Office- c bearers in the Kirk, concerning Heads of Religion, Mat* °ters of Herefie, Excommunication, Collation, or Depri- vation of Minifters,or any fuch like Ecclefiaftical Cenfures, c fpecially grounded, and having warrant of the Word of e God. Item , Our Soveraign Lord and Eftates of Parlia- ment forefaid, abrogates, cafts, and annihilates the Acls of -the fame Parliament holden at Edewborough the fame year, '15843 granting Commiffion to Bifhopsand other Judges, cconftitute in Ecclefiaftical Caufes,to receive His Highnefs c Prefentation to Benefices , to give Collation thereupon, c and to put Order to all Caufes Ecclefiaftical , which His c Majefty and Eftates forefaid, declares to be expired in the efelf, and to be null intimecoming, of none avail, force coreffeft. And therefore ordains all Prefentations to Be- cnefices to be direft to the particular Presbyteries in all c time coming , with full Power to give Collation thereupon, e and to put Order to all Matters and Caules Ecclefiaftical 'within Lib. viil. gfic IDiftozp of the ftsggfbrtrr ring. 297 • 8 within their bounds, according to the Dhciplineoi the Kirk J * Providing the forefaid Presbyter be bound tod aftricted cro receive and admit whatloevenjualiiicdMiniUer pv fcnt- ced by His Majefty ot Lakh Patron*. 46 Such was thcAabv wbichthe Presbyterian Difciplinewas led in the Kirk of ScotUnd. They bad given Him trouble enough before, when they had no authority of Law H confirm th ir Kti- Cms. But now He mult expect much more; and they will Ice Hf| expectation fattsfied to the very full. So that it may be much acL mired that He yeclded to it, the rather irrtegard the r\eaforrsof it .ire not certainly known, nor veryeaue to be guefledat. Whether it were, th h he were not well enough informed touching the low condition which the Englijb Funtnn were at this time brought to, or that He ftood fb much in fear of the Earl or Eotbwc/J . (whole treacherous pra&ifes rhrcatn. d Him with continual danger ) that He was under aneceulty of. conforming to them tor His own pre- servation; or that He thought it ro lit them U.w their own Wills, and purine their 0 in Counlels, till they had wearied both themfelves m\<\ the reltor the Subjects, bv the mil- government of that Power which He had given them; or whether it were all, or none of thctc, ir is hard to Cay, Norisitlefs to be admired, that the Nobility of Scot l.wtl, who had found the weight of that heavy yoke in the times fore- going, (hould takeitfbeafi- Jy on their necks, and not joy n rather withthe King to caftit olf. But they had gotten molt ot" the Church-Lands into their pollelii- cn, and thought it a greater piece ot wildom to let the Presbytery over-top them in their feveral Conliltories , than that the Bilhops, Deans, aiMChapters, or any other wrTo pretended unto their r - dates, (hould be reftored again to their Power and Places, and thereby brought to a capacity of contending with them for their own. In which refpeel they yeelded alio to another Ace againfttl siting of Church-Landsand Tenths into Temporal Lord thin for, Io uhatpurpolc lhouldthey ftrive tor fiich empty Titles •as added little to thek profit, and not much to their pleafures? /here alio pafled lome other Acts which teemed much to favour both the Riik and the Kirk-men ^ at namely , Lor the ratification of a for- mer Act, i 58-, in favour of the Minilters, their Hints and Sti- pend-; tor enabling Lay -Patrons to difpofe of their Prebendaries and Chaplinariesunto Students; and that no Benefices with Cure yiy any Thirds. There palled another Ait alto which concerned the Glebes and Mantes in Cathedral Churches, preserved of pur- pole by the King (though they thought not of it ) that when he found it neecllaryto reftorc Epilcopacy , the Bilhops might find Honks, and other tit Accommodations, near their own Cathe- dra 47. Thus have the Presbyterians gained two Acts of great im- tance; The one tor tetling their Presbyteries in all parts ot the Kingdom : I be othcr^for repreffing all thoughts of rcltorint* I'pil- Ec 3 cot *s>s %ty ffittozp of tfte f ze£t)pterian& Lib, vm. copacy, by palling over the Church-Lands to the ufe of the Crown. And to make as fureof it as they could, (becaufe a three -fold Cord i:> not eafily broken ) they had before called upon the Ring to re- inforce the Band, or National Covenant, which had been made for their adha?fionto the true Religion, and renouncing Popery. For Co it was, thatlbme liifpitions had been raifed by the Presbyterians, That the King was miferably feduced, and enclined to Popery :, and that the Earl of Lenox had been fent from France for no other purpofe , but to work Him to it. And thereupon the King gave or- der unto Mr. jf. Craige> being then a Preacher in the Court, to form a fhort Confeffion of Faith 5 wherein not only all the Corruptions of the Church of Rome in point of Doctrine, but even thole alio which related unto Dilcipline and Forms of Worfhip, were to be folemnly abjured. Which Confeffion, for example to others, the King Himfelf, with all His Court and Council, did publickly both fubfciibeandfwear, Anno 1580. And the next year He required the like Oath and Subfcription from all His Subjects, for the lecu- ringof thole Fears and Jealoufies which the Kirk had of Him. But in regard this general Confeffion was not found fufficient to hinder the encreale of Popery , for want of fome ftri& Combination amongft the Subjects which profefied the Reformed Religion , it was defired , that a Solemn League or Band might be authorized, by which they fhould be bound to ftand to one another in defence there- of?, that is to fay, both of their Covenant and Religion, againftall Opponents. The Guijian Papifts had projected the like League in France , to fupprefs the Gofpel 5 and why fhould they in Scotland be lefs zealous for the true Religion, than the Guijian Papifts for the falfe? Upon which ground the King was eafily entreated to confent unto it : and firft labfcribed the Band Himfelf, with all His Family, An. 15895 which the next year he cauled to be fublcri- bed by all fortsof people, as the General AlTerablyhad defired. 48. Now in this Covenant and Confeffion , they did not only bind themfelves to renounce the Pope, together with all the Super- visions and Corruptions of the Church of Rome'-, but in particular, to continue in obedience to the Do&rine andDijcipline of the Kirj^of Scotland?, and to defend the fame according to their vocation and forcer , all the days of their lives. And though it cannot be concei- ved, that under thole general words of DoUrine and Difcipline, there could be any purpole to abjure the Epilcopal Government, which was in being when that Confeffion was firft framed, and for many years after: yet being now received and fubfcribed unto, and their Presbyteries eftablifhed by A c~t of Parliament, it was in- terpreted by the Covenanters of lucceeding times. Anno 1638 , to contain in it an exprels renouncing of Epifcopacy , as alio of fuch Rites and Ceremonies as had been introduced amongft them by the Synod of Perth, Anno 1618. The fad Effects whereof, the King forelaw not at the prefent 5 but He took order to redrefs them in the time to come: For now the Temporal Eftates of Bifhops being alienated and annexed to the Crown By Act of Parliament, Anno Lib. VIII. %\$ l|)iflozp of the p2e3bFterian0. 299 Anno 1587. Fptfcopacy tacitly abjured by Covenant, and that Cove- nant ihengthned by a Rand or Allocution, Annn J.5^0. And finally, their Vrcsbyteries fctled by like Act ok Parliament in this preicnt year Anno \ 592. it was not to be thought that ever Bilhops or Lpileopa- cy could revive again, though it otherwifc happened. It c nnot be d( nied, but that K. J a MES did much dclpile this Covenant. ( com- monly called the Negative ConUihon) when He came into Fn^- l.ind : for, taking OCCafion tO (peak of it in the Conference or Hamp- ton-Court, he lets us know , That Wr.Cratgc (the Compiler of it) mth his renouncing r itncl abhorrmgs. his detejtatjuns and abrenoum u- tions.did Jo amaze the ftmplc people, that few of them Icing able to re- mtmbet a/J the faid particulars^ Jome took occafton thereby to fall bacJ^ to Popery and others to remain in their former ignorance. To which headded this thortnote, 'lhatif he hud been bound to that Form of Ch the Confcjjion of his Faith mujt have been in his'lable-Eooif, and not m l.;s Head. Rut what a mean opinion loever K. J A Alii 3 had of it, the Pmritsmj or Trtsbyttritns ot both Kingdoms, made it lei \e their turns for rafting a molt dangerous Rebellion againft his Sob, and altering the whole Frame of Government both in Church and State, which they new-molded at their pleafure: and (lire I am, that at the lirftcntiing into this Band, ibcfrtsbyteriams there grew To high and iniblent , that the King could get no Re.tlon of them in his juft demands. The King had found by late experience, how much they had encroached upon his lloyal Prerogative, defa- med the prclent Government, and reviled hisPcrfon. And thereup- on, ashe had gratitied them in confirming their Difcipline, fo he re- quired them not Jong after to fubicribe thefe Articles; that is to (ay, •J hat the rreacher [hould 'yeclddue obedience unto the King's AUjefiy.Thut thiy Jhould not pretend any priviledg in their Allegiance. That they Jhould not meddle in mat ten of ' State. That they fiould not publicly re- vile His Majefiy. 3 hat ihc\ Jhould not draw the people from th-eir due obedience to the Kir-. \ i/.'.:f, when they arc accufed for their Factious ' /, or for r. to do any thing , they Jhould not alledg the m- fpiration of the Spirit, nor feed them fives with colour of Conscience, but corf ejs their faults like Men, and crave pardon like Subject's. But they were well enough, thev thanked hinu and were relolved to hold rbeir own Power, let Him look to His. A 1ERWS ?°« S&S3 A E R I V S RED1VIVVS: O R, The Hiftory OF THE PRESBYTERIANS L I b. IX. Containing ifcrr Dijloyalty, Treafons , and Seditions , *>» France , tht Country of Eafc-Frielland , 4//J the IJks of Brktain; bnt more particularly^ t* England. Together with the fever e L.irvs made jgatnfi them, and the fever al Executions m purjuance of them , from the year 15^9 to the ye.tr 159$. iHui have we brought the Presbyterians to their high- eft pitch in the Kit k of Scotland, when they wereal- molt at their lowelt fall in the Church of England: theft being at the very point of their Crucifixion^ when the others were chanting their Hounna's tor their good luccefs. The Englijl) Brethren had loft their principal Support, by thedeathof Leict/ht, though he was thought to have cooled much in his affections towards their Af- Ijfcrs. But whit they loft in him, they Ituditd to repair by the Earl or Ejjex , whole Father's Widow he had married, trained him up for the mot part under runt an Tutors, and married him at the bit to IP-'jIfinghanis Daughter. Upon thtfe hopes they made their F t f applica- $o* giKi&iftoffof tfrep?£gbptenan& Lib, ix applications to him, and were chearfully welcomed 5 the Gentle* man baing young, ambitious, and exceeding popular, and therefore apt enough to advance their Intereft, and by theirs his own. And he appeared the rather for them at the hrft, to cry quits with Whit gift \ who, when he might have been elected Chancellor of the Univerfity oi'Oxon^ on the death of Leicejier , chofe rather to commend his dear Friend, the Lord Chancellor Hatton , to the place, than to aflumeit onhimfelf} and after Hatton s death, to nominate the Lord Buckkurfi to them, who was alio chcfen. The young Earl had an eye upon that great Office, that he might be as powerful amongft men of the Gown, as he was amongft Gentlemen pf the Sword --, and took it for an high affront, that the Arch-bifhop fhould prefume to commend any other to that Honour , which he defigned unto himfelf. But the Queen eadly took him off, and made him fo far Friends with IVhitgift, as not to make any open profefli- on of difpleafure toward him, by which the oppofite Faction might be animated to their former Infolencies , which notwithstanding the Arch-bifhop kept a vigilant eye upon all his actions, as one that was not to be told of his private pradtifes , the fccret intelligence which he had with the Heads of that Party, and law that moft of his Allies and Kindred were engaged that way. For, though upon . the reconciliation which was made between them, the Earl had of- fered him to runacourfein Clergy-Caufes, according to his directi- ons and advice 5 yet what he did therein, proceeded rather from a fear of the Queens difpleafure , than from any love to Whitgtft. 01 the Church it felfj as afterwards appeared moft evidently in the courfe of his actions. ^j^Jkn thatwhich gave the Brethren their greateft blow, was, the death of Walfwgham , who dyed on the fixt of Aprils 1590. The Queen had lately been more fenfible of thofe manifold dangers which both the Principles and Pradtifes of the Difciplwariuns did moft ap- parently threaten to her whole Eftate, more now than ever, by the coming out of a Pamphlet, called, The humble Motion.-in which it was affirmed , That thoufands did figh for the Difcipline , ten thoufands had fought it '■> and, that the moft worthy men of every Shire had contented to it : That the E/derfiip was at hand : That the people were inflamed with a zeal to have it '■, and, that it was hard, dan- gerous, and impoffible, to ftand againft it. Incenfed thereat , and fearing the fad confluences of fuch peftilent Pamphlets, She refol- ved upon fbme fpeedy courfe to prevent the mifchief : and there- fore gave the greater countenance to the Arch-bi(hops,Bifhops,and their fubordinate Officers, for proceeding with them. On which encouragement, the feeming-neutrality of the Earl of Effex^ and the ficknefs of Walfmgham ,«S nape , and fbme others of their princi- pal Leaders, were called before the High-CommifTion at Lambeth, in the firft beginning of Eajier-Tevm : which, though it feemefl both ftrange and unwelcome to them, yet there was no remed^ Appear they did, becaufe they muft } but were refolved, that their appearance ftiould conduces little as might be to theirdifadvantage. For- Lib. IX. jEfeeDiltotfof tnep'esbpterianS. $0$ For, being required to take their Oaths, according to thcufeofthe Court, to anfwer punctually to all (uch Intetrogatories as were to be propoundedto them^ the Oath is abiblutcly refuted, the Interrogatories might I unto them. Fir ft, therefore, th wire made acquainted with the fubllancej of them, but that would not (erve. r hey were affii red in the next place, ["hai they fhould be required to anfwer no Anther unto any of them, than they were bound to do by the Laws of the Land. But that fcrved as little* In fine, it was refolved , That the Interrogatories fhould be (hewed unto tbern, (here contrary to the praftueof all Courts in Criminal Caufes) whichferved lead of all: For now SatpcSadkig what \. like to be charged upon them, gave notice of the feme to the reft. of the Brethren, and did not only refute the Oath, asbefore he Bids but put the reft upon a coutleot premeditation, both whether it were lit to anfwer upon Oath, or not 5 and then, what Anfwcrthey \. ould make, it' they were put to ir. But Co it banned, that his Let r rers, being intercepted, were produced againft him; upon which he was clappedup inPrifon, and a great terror thereby ftruck in* to ail the Brethren, who now began to apprehend the danger* they were fallen into by their former Infblencies. 3. It may be gathered by thofe Letters, that no final 1 diligence had been u|ed by Inch as bad employ cd themicl ves in it, to fearch into chebottomof their deepeft Couofels,and molt Lccret Purpbless and that lo perfect a dilcovery had been made thereof, as might warrant the High Commiujoners to proceed Jevercly, without the kak fear of being foyledin their undertakings tor S/mpe COnGsC- 1 t!i in thofe Letters , That they hud the hjiowLdg rot only of Gene- rals,but of Specials, and reticulars aljo\ that is to lay, touching the . w here they met, Oxford, London, Cambridge Sec. the times of . iftomed Meetings, as, i>tHrbridg-l:aire,Acls.7crms,bLQ. the :mbled at them, as, Csrtmright , Perkins, Travers, C/.-wi;, 6vc. and iinaUy, the very matters which they dealt in, and upon. Much troubled the good man feemed tobe, in guci- fingat that falfe Brother who hail made- the dilcovery: but, that . were difcovcred, be is fure enough 5 tor he aihrmcth, that their Acting rx er were, or could be any longer concealed 5 and there- fore, that the Lord called upon them to be relolute in the pielcnt cafe. And thereupon it was propounded, Whether it iverc better and wore fife , that one r.ian ( rctth the confent of the rcii ) jhonld boldly, freely, and wifel) COnfe }, and lay open, fcvC or. that foi<:c ircal^or txicI^ ed wan fjou'd without confent^ and in evil fort, acl^/orvled^.^c. \\c tells them, That the matter aimed at by High CommuTtoncts, was, To bring them within danger of law for holding Conventicles'. That in Caufes of Murther, and the like, it was commonly asked, Whether the Party flcduponitj mk\ therefore, that t hey fhould do well to confider.of it, in reference to the pielentcalc, andfoadvi- fing, That v. c. iluuld be lent to with allipecd, be concludes I Letter. Fffa ..7 304 JDjg^iftQ?p reat a fcrvice? than whom, they knew of n< more able, and or few more zealous. On thele Preparatories they betake thcmfclves to Prayer and Fatting, hold a fnict Fafl u theroothe i^t/jot DecemStr9 and then began to find thcmfclves i traordinarily » jcercifcd, as appeals by their Letters writ to Ldttcsf in whole Houfcthey held it. Immediately upon this Fad, Copptnitr takes a journey into K>nt. and fancies (by toe way ) that he was ad- mitted to a familiar Conference with Cod hirmelf , that he received from Him mam- Grange Directions, to be followed by him whenib- ever God fhould pleale to u(e hii. (ervice for the good of Hi* Church; and more particularly, that he was (hewed away to bring the Qneen to repentance, and to cauic all the Nobles to do the like onr of hand; or die to prove them to be TraytOtS to Almighty God. Another lair i held by him and Artbm&tou at his coming back . in which he finds himlelt more frrongly ft tired to a matter of fome great importance, than he was before: of which he gives no- tice unto Gihfom it 6c ot l.tvA. by his Letter of the laft of December $ and afterward to Wi ■>' to* above-mentioned ? by them to beconv mankatedto thereft: of the Brethreo. Another raft follows upon this, at which Wtggington and tome others did vouch (afc their pre- tence , who had before confirmed thera in the fancy of fome fuch ex- traordinary Calling as he teemed to drive at. With the intention of this laft, Cartn-rij^/jt and Other or the Prifoners were made acquain- ted before-hand, to the intent that by the benefit of theil iccru prayers, the Action might be crowned with an End more glorious. Anil the fame night. Coppmger finds himlelf in Heaven, exceedingly afronHhedatthe Majetryof Almighty God, but very much com- forted by the Vilion j and every day more and more encouraged to fome great Work \ which he communicates at feveral times , and by (everal Letters , to Cirtwrrght, Travcrs, Chrk,^ &C amount the Preachers ; and from the Lay -Brethren, unto Ldmctijieri and Sir i\ - tcr U'cKtrrorth. & And now we muft make room for another Actor, a greater Zealot than the other, and one that was to rob them of the glory of their Dreams and Dotages % ///<<:/. an inconsiderable fellow both for Parts and Fortune, pretends to a more near Familiarity with Al- mightvGod, than either of theothei durft afpirc to. A Wretch of fiich a deiperate Malice, that bearing an old £ru (whom they deadly hated)if any fevere Sentence was pronounced againft them. But Hacket was for higher matters. The Spirit of Infatuation had fo wrought upon him, that he concei- ved himfelf to partake of the fame Divine Nature with Almighty God. Lib. IX. _JBC liltftO?? Of tl)C P:c SOI Tt :Iin3T. God. That he Was appointed by nil God to be King of i-m-ope--* umi therefore looked upon all Kings C but the Queen elpecially )aj the Uftr per s of the Throne, winch belonged unto him^ And igainft her he carried iuch a bitter hat reel , tint agajnft her lie often caft forth dangerous ipecches, That (he had lolt hci Right to the ( and fpared not to do execution upon berin her Aims and Pktut by (tabbing his Dagger into both, wheuioever he law them. TJ.e people alio mult be dealt with, to make ule or their Power, accor* ding unto th.it Maxim of the Disciplinarians, Thti if the At . (Irate will not reform the church dtldStdte. tbenthe l\c[lc wu}t.i\v J that he might wind them to this height. he fcatter'd certain rVhimei Verfesamonglt them? by wliich ir was inlmuatcd, That a n ue Chri- ftian, though he were a Clown or poor Countrey-nun, f which A il.ukst'* ownea(e) might teaeh Kings how to manage thcil Seep* tcrsi and that they might depole the Queen, it lhe did not Z< loully promote the Reformation. 8. Finding to what an admiration he had railed hrirrfilf in the eftccm of Coppingcr and his Fellow An tarn, he looks upon themas tlie lutelt Inlhumentbtoadvance his , >ns*, perfwadu them. That they were endued not only with a Prophetical, but an Angelical Spirit. And they, believing what he laid , performed all manner of obedience to him, ns one that was appointed to reign over them, by Gad himielr"; felting themfelves, from that time for- 1 ward, toraileiome Sedition, in which the people might be moved unto what they plcaled. being thus poliulf.thcy intimate to //'/<<- ^wgton fore- mentioned , Tint Chrilt appeared to them the night before, not ii his own body, as He lits in Heaven; but in that cfpecial Spirit by which he dwelt in Htckgt more than in any othu. They added alio, That- Htcket was the very Angel which fliould come before the Day of Judgment, with his Ian in the one hand, and his Shepherds Ctook to the othgr, to diltinguilh the Sheep from the Goats, to tread down SatJtn^ and ruine the Kingdom ot Anttchrijl. What Counlll they received from Wi^iwton . is not certainly known . though it may be judged by the event. For pre* lcntlyon their going irom him, which was on the hxtcenthof Jul), they repair to Hgdket, whom he (bund lazing in his bed in a private Houfe at Broken-wharf ■-. and calting themlelves upon their kru< as if they wereuponthe point or Adoration^ Arth/ncton hidden* ly arillth, and advileth Copfimger, in the Name of the Lord Jtfus Chrilt,to annoint their King. But H.tc{ct cunningly declines it. telling them, that he was already annointedby the Holy Ghofr, and therefore that they were to do what he Ihould command them; Which faid, he ordains Coppingcr to be his Prophet of Mercy ,and Arthttttton to be his Prophet ot JufticC-, and gives them then Million in this manner: 'Go now (Ttith lie), and tell up and down * the CitwThat Jcfus Chrilt is come with his Fan in his hand, to c judg the World : if any ask you uheie Lie is, direuthem to this * placet if they wiil not believe you, let them come and lee if they m kill me. As fare as God is in Heaven, nolels allurcdly i> Chnifc • n« J°7 ?c8 %\)t l£ifto?p cf tjic p>ze£bpterian& Lib. ix. now come to judg the World. With this Commiffion flyethetwo new Prophets from one ftreet to another, till they came to Cheap* fide , crying out, chrijl is come , Chriji is come , all the way they went ^ and adding with as loud a voice, Repent, Repent. In Cheap- fide they mount into a Cart, ( a proper Pulpit for fuch Preachers ) proclaiming thence , that Hacket participated of ChrifVs glorified Body, by his efpecial Spirit, and was now come with his Fan, to propagate theGofpel,to/ff//e the Difcipline,( for that was theim- pulfive to all this madnefs ) and to eftablifh in England a new Commonwealth : They added further, Thatthemfelves were two Prophets, the one of Mercy , and the other of Juftice} the truth whereof they took upon their (al vation. That hacket was the only- Supreme Monarch of the World} and , That all the Kings of £«- rope held of him as his Vaiials : That therefore he only ought to be obeyed, and the Queen depofed } and, That Vengeance fhould fhortly fall from Heaven, not only on the Arch-bifhopof Canterbu- ry, but the Lord Chancellor Hatton 9. Infinite were the throngs of people which this ftrange No- velty had drawn together to that place } but they found none Co mad as themfelves., none (b befotted as to cry, God lave King Hacket: lb that not able to be heard by reafonof the'Noife. nor togo for- ward in their Million, becaule of the Throng} they difmounted their Chariot, and, by the help of fome of their Friends, conveyed themdlves to Hacket's Lodging. They had not ftaid there Jong, when they were all three apprehended , and brought before the Lords of the Council} to whom they (howed to little reverence, that they never moved their Hats unto them } and told them, that they were above all Magiftrates, of what rank foever. Hacket is afterward arraigned, July 26. and two days after drawn to his Ex- ecution, which was to be done upon him in that part of Cheapfide in which his two Prophets had proclaimed him. Neither the Sen- tence part upon him, nor the fear- of death, mitigated any thing of that Spirit of Infatuation with which the Devil had poileft him. Infomuch, that he exclaimed moft horribly (as he was drawn upon the Hurdle*) all the way he palled , crying out inthefe words, Je- hovah the Mejfias, Jehov.th the Mejfias : behold, Heaven is opened } be- hold, the Son of the Mofi High is coming down to deliver me. With the like ill fpirk he was governed when he came to the Gallows 5 at which he is affirmed to have made this Imprecation, (fori can by no means call it Prayer) viz. Almighty EverlafitngGod, Jehovah, Alpha and Omega, Lord of lords, King of kings , the Everlajiwg Cod, thou kporcejl that Iamthe true Jehovah whom thou hajlfenushewfome Miracle from the Clouds for the converfion ofthefe Infidels ,anddeltver nte from myEnemies. The reft,too horrid and blafphemous to be imparted to the eyesof a fober Chrtftian, I forbear to add. Let it iuffice, that after fomeftrugling with the Hang-man, and many fearful Ex- ecrations againft God and man, he was turned off the Ladder, and prefently cut down, ript up, and quartered , according unto the Law in that behalf. Unto fuch dangerous Precipices Somen caft them- LibTTx! jp)elj)iaozp of the PffSbptmaiig. _*oo thcmftlve*, when they foriake the Rule of theChu^c^aqd will opt be content with that iobricty in the thing* oi Clod, which mak men wife unto falvau'on. Cutas tor his two Piophcts, they found different ends, though they had ftected the fame couifc with him. Cpppn/gfr by a wilful ablhncncc , ftaived lumh It iq Piilon within fcwdayiaftcr. But Artkwgto* lived to lee his Ejior*, was pardoned upon his repentance, and publilhcd a Reuaaatiou of hb r-olh. as became a Chnltian. , . Mj:i\ 1' n leavours have been i.Ld lor freeing C.n M r',\ht wd the reft ol Mcf Vresiytcnans , from bavin band in thelc damnable prauiles. And ic is true enough, that many of them were lh wife, as nui- i to admit them to a petlonal Confeiuicc , nor to return Anhver to thole letters which were lent unto them from the Parties. But then it is as true withall, that Coppinger had commu- nicated his tint tboughtstouchiog his Extraordinary Calling, by ieveral Letters writ to C.irtivnght. Fgerton,7ravcrs^charl^, Gardi- ner, Cooper A hiiips, and others | not to lay any thing or Putthcn it cannot be denied, that knowing them to be intent upon fomecourle which they could not jufrihe,the*y neither ie\ealed it to the State, nor laboured to diiiwade them from it, but kuntd con'ent to let them run their full career, and then to take Inch benefit ot it as the illue ^\u\ iucccls thereof Ihould aliord unto them. And fin this cale it may be laid too )ultly in the Orator's language, that there was little difference bet ween the adviling of a Fact, and the rejoycing at it when ir wa?> once executed : and how they then could take the benefit of liichaniifchicf, with which they had been pre-acquaint- ed in the genet al notion, aud either not be joyful at it , and conlt- quentlv be in the lame cale with fuch as had adviled unto it, let them indg thJf lift- ii . 1 ne dangers growing to the Stateby thefe odious pra&ifes, may befiippofed to haften the Arraignment ot Vdal, one ot the four which b .A a hand in thole leurriious Libelb which lwarmed lo numeroullv in all parts of the Kingdom, Anno I 58^, and the times lincc following* But more particularly, he (food charged for being the Author of a Book, Called, lhe Dcmonftration of l Diltiplinc which Chrijl hath preicribedm his llordjor the Government oj its Church, in all times andplaics, until the Worlds end. In rhe Pieface where- of occurreth thele pallages : Knit, He mlcribcs the lame not to the Governours, but to the Juppofed Governours if the Churth cj Kngland. And then he fiyes upon them in thefe following words, viz. 1','hocan deny you, without hlujhing.to he the c.xufe of ail ungod- liness ? Jewing your Government is that which gtvetb leave to a man to be any thing, \aving a jound Chrijlian. For certainly . it is more free in t befit days t)b:A Papilt, Anabaptilt, of the Family of Love; G gg ft*, I io jKfo feiftoip of the ftjt£gbptettang» Lib. iX ^?*, <# anymoji wickgd whatfoever, than that which we fljoitld be. And 1 could live thefe twenty years , as well as any fitch in England, {yea in a BiJf)op*s Houfe, it may be ) and never be molefled for it : So true is that which you are charged with in a Dialogue lately come forth againjl you^andfince burn'd by you , That you care for nothing but the maintenance of your Dignities , be it to the damnation of your own fouls, and infinite millions mure. For which whole Book5 but more efpecially tor this paflage in the Preface of it , he was indict- ed at an Aflizesheldin Cr<);^»9 for the County of Surrey, on the 23d of tjuly,Anno\^o^ and by furlicient Evidence found guilty of it. The Prifoner pleaded for himfelf, That his Indictment was upon the Statute of 23 E/is&.Cap. 2. for punifhing Seditious words againft the Queen?, but that the Book for which he ftood accufed, contained no ofFenfive palTages againft the Queen, but the Bifhops only, and therefore could not come within thecompafs and intent of that Statute. But it was anfwered by the judges, and refolved for Law , That they whofpeak againft Her Majeftys Government in Cafes Ecclefiaftical , Her Laws, Proceedings , or Ecclefiaftical Officers^ which ruled under Her, did defame the Queen. Which Resolution being given , and the Evidence heard, he had (6 vouch favour (hew- ed him, by confent of the Court , as to be put unto this cjueftion, that is to lay, Whether he would take it either on his Conference, or his Credit, that he was not the Author of that Book : Which if he would or could have done, it was conceived that both the Jud- ges and the Jurors would have refted fatisfied. But he not daring to deny it, the Jurors could not other wife do, than pronounce him Guilty , upon fuch evident Proofs , and fo many Witnefies as were brought againft him. But the Arch-bifhop, being then at his Houfe in Croydon, prevailed fo far in his behalf, that the Judges did (u- fpend the Sentence of his Condemnation. This Tryal hapned in the interval, between the feveral Commitments of Snape and Cartwrighty before-mentioned, when the State had taken up a refolution to pro- ceed (everely againft the Difturbers of Her Peace s which gave (bme occafion of oflenceto the Lord Chancellor Hatton, that the Areh-bifhop, who feemed moft concerned in the prefent ca(e,(h6uld (how luch favour to a man whom the Law condemned, and by whole ieafonable Execution, a ftop might poffibly be made to all further Troubles. 12. But Snape and CartwrightCtiW continuing obftinate in refu- fing the Oath, and the fufpition growing ftrong of fome new De- signs, he was brought again unto the Barr at Southward , in the March next following , and there received the Sentence of death in due form of Law. But fuch was the exceeding Lenity of the good Arch-bilhop, that he looked more upon the Parts of the man , than upon his Paffions, upon his Learning and Abilities, though too much abuied , than the ill ufe that he made of them in thofe ftir- ring-times. And fofar he engaged himfelf with his Royal Miftreis, (who ufed to call him Her Black Husband)that (he gave way to a Re- prieve, though (he could not eafily be induced to g*ant a Pardon. Which ' Lib. IX. jpielDiCtyp of the PzeSbrtetiang, ? 1 1 Which notwithltanding the Arch-bilhop could not (cape the lalbof fbme virulent Tongue s3 by whom he Itood more acculcd t < j i the Con- demnation , than lit was magnified for the Reprieve o( the man con- demned. And therefore it was after pleaded in his juttirieation, I hat ^/.i/'s Book waseleaily within thecompats or theStatOJtC J3 lh~. cap. :. tor punching Seditious words a^.u/.-ji tic &*ce*, according to the Resolution of the judges before laid down. 1 bat divers Sediti- ous Sermons might have been objected agaioft him, as well as the ma- king of that Book) which would have rendred him more culpable in the light of his Judges; and that whereat o&cCdtsfitld could have Ipokcn more materially againlt him, than any ot the reft or the Wit- neilcs, he was never called unto the Bnrr to give in his Evidence, the Jurors being fully latistied in the former Proofs. So that the whole Indictment being rightly grounded, the Prolecution favourable, tad the Evidence full, the man remained a living-Mnnumcnt of the Arch-bifhop's extraordinary Goodnep to him, in the preserving of that Lite which by the Law he had forfeited. But how long he re- mained alive, lam notable to lay J and therefore fhall add only this, That he left a Son behind, called F.phraim^ who afterward* was Beneficed at the Church of St. Augujtines , near St. rani's Church- yard, and proved as great a Zealot tor Conformity , in the time of King CHARLES , as his Father was reputed for his Non-conformity in the times we write of And he paid almofk as deer tor it, as his Fa- ther did, being fequeltred about the year 1643, Ilot fubmitting to tome Oaths and Covenants then required ot him ) his bed-rid Wife turned out of doors, and left molt unmercifully in the open Streets. 15. Now whilftthc State was taken up in thefe Criminal Pro- cefles, the Learned men and others interelled on each fide, were no left bulied in defence of their own Concernments. Adrian Sa- ravia, born in the Lower -Germ any , but better ftudied in the Fa- thers than the molt ot his Rank, had found by fearch into their Writings, of what Antiquity and NeceiTity the Calling of Bilhop3 had been reckoned in the Primitive times, even in the days of the A potties; but finding no encouragement to maintain anyfuch opi- nion in his Native Countrey 3 where the Yresbytcrus governed all, and Paritj of Minifters was received as an Article of their publikc Confelhon 3 he put himfelf upon the Favour and Protection of the Church ot Inland. He had before falhioned his Reply to Beta's Book,entituled, Dc lriplui Fpijcopatu, as before was laid. But the j-qq firff Piece publilhed by him on his coming hither, was a right learn- ed Work , entituled, Dc diverts gradibut Mimifhrtnum Evamgtiiil In which he piovedby undeniable Arguments , That Bilhops were a different Order, as well as by Degrees luperior toall other Presby- ters. This Book he dedicates to the Minifters of the Bcl^n\ Chur- ches, as appears by his Fpiltle dated March 26, Anno 1590. A- monglt whom, though he could not hope tor much approbation, \et he received but little or no oppolition. But lo it prov'd not at Cure**, where Bom governed, backed by Djh*hs, and the reft of Ggg 2 the ;S2 %\)i liftoff ef tfre ff?e#bpteriang, Lib. IX. the Conjijiorians,who looked upon it as deftruttive to their whole Contrivements. Beza had other Work in hand, and therefore leaves him for the prefent to the lafti of Dantits, who falls upon him with Reproaches inftead of Arguments, ( as Saravia complained in his Reply ) reckoning his Corpulency for a Crime, calling him Swine- herd, Hog, a man born only for the fluffing of a filthy paunchy with many the like fcurrilous ftrains of Genevian Rhetorick. Beza comes flowly on, but he comes at laft, not publishing his Anfwer toit,till the third year after: to which Saravia replies in the year next fol- lowing, Annoi^/^. In which he made an exaft parallel (amongfl: other things) betwixt the pra&iles of Hackgt and the Furitan Facti- on, on the one fide, and thole of John of Ley den and the Anabaptijls, when they reigned in Munfier. In the end, Beza gave him over 5 which railed him to fuch eminent note with the Englijh Prelates, that he was made a Prebendary of the Church of fVeJiminfier^aad otherwife well provided for to his full contentment. 14, In the meantime, the Minifter of the Italian Church in the City of London , could not reft (atisfied with the enjoying the fame Priviledges which the French and Dutch Churches had before pro- cured, but publifhed a Book in maintenance and commendation of the Holy Difcipline : which gave a juft occafion to Dr. Matthew De wx Ca- SuttUjf, then Dean of Exon , to let out a judicious Work in Latin tboiica® cbri. touching the nature of the truly Catbolickand Chriftian Church 5 *w,w£"/'./?* wherein he grated fomewhat hard on the point of Presbytery, and was the firft EngliJJj man that did fo in the Latin Tongue. And though he named Beza only , and no more than named him 5 yet Beza thought his Name lb lacred, or himlelf lb high, that he con- ceived himfelf to be much dishonoured 5 reproaches him by the convithtorem name of a petulant Railer, and complains of the affront in an f ituiantim vo- Epiftle to the Arch-bifhop of Canterbury. But he got nothing by rar.-R.epl. tne Bargain: For as he was handfbmely fhaked up for it by Sara- via in his Replication 3 lb the Arch-bifhop in an Anfwer to the faid Epiftle, dated in January, 1593, leverely reprehends him for his intermedling with the Church of England, and plainly lays before him all thole difturbances which by his means had been occafioned in the lame : lb that being learnedly refuted by Saravia on the one fide, and gravely reprehended on the orher by that Reverend Pre- late, he grows wile at laft, leaving the Englifo Puritans to their own defences. And more than Co, in his Reply to his laft Letter, he gives him his due Titles, of the moji Reverend Father in Chriji , and his honoured Lord 5 alluring him, That in all his writings touching church- Government , he impugned only the Romijh Hierarchy , but never inten- ded to touch the Ec cleft aflical Polity of this Church of England , nor to ex aft of us to frame our felves or our Church to the pattern of their Presbyterian Difcipline. And thereunto he added this fafe Conclu- sion, That as long as the fubjiance of DoSrine was uniform in the Church of chriji , they may lawfully vary in other matters, as the cir* cumjiance of time, place, and perfons, requires , and as prescription of Antiquity may warrant. And3 to that end he wijhed and hoped, that the Sacred Lib. ix. jLbe Iftiftozp of the pitztytmans. ~J^ Sacred and HolyColledges of htjlwps ( tor lo lie calls them) would for ever continue andmjinl tin fmh their Right and Title in the Churttis Government, frith all Equity andchrijiun Moderation. i«5. At this time grew roe Heats alio betwixt HnlgrMod Trover /t thefirftbeing Matter of the Temple, and the other LcQmxct: HooJ^er received his Education in Corpus Chrijlt Colltdg in <>xon , from whence be came well ttocked in all kind or Learning, bat nn,lc especially in Fathers, Councils, and other approved Monument! of Ecclcliaftical Ant'ujuity. 'Ir.ivers wasbred nVlrmity Colled: \\\ Cam- Lridg, well skilled in the Oriental Tongues, and otherwue better ttudied in Words than Matter, being Cotcmporary with Cartnri^ht, and of his Aiiection: He fets up his ftudies in Geneva, and there i quaints himlclt with £Yz..;, and the rclt of that Cunlittory, of whom and their new Discipline he grew fo enamoured, that before his coming into E*fU*dbcwas made Miniftet (as well at leaft as liich hands could make him) by the Presbytery of Antwerp, asappcars by their Certificate , ( for I dare not call them Letters of Orders ) elated May 14, 1578. Thus qualified, be allociates himfelf with Csrtwrigbt) whom he found there at his coming, in prcachingto the Factory of EnghJJj Merchants, and follows him not long after into England alio. By the commendation of fbmc Triends, he was taken into the Houfc of h illiaui Lord Burleigh, whom he ferved firtt in the nature of a Pedagogue to his younger Son , and after as one of his Chaplains. Preferments could not chufe but come in his way , confi- dcring the Greatnefs of his Matter, whole eminent Offices of Lord Trcalurer, Chief Secretary, and Matter of the Wards, could not but give him many opportunities to prefer a Servant to the beft pla- ces in the Church. But Travers knew his incapacity to receive fuch Favours, as neither lawfully ordained, according to the Form pre- fcribedby the Church of England, nor willing to fubferibe to fuch Rites and Ceremonies as he found were ufed in theftme. But being a great Faertorfor promoting the Holy Difcipline , he gets himfelf into the Lecture of the Temple, which could not eahly be de- nycd j when the Chaplain of fo great a Councellor was a Suitor for it. 16. In this place he infinuates himfelf, by all means imaginable, into the good alfecxions of many young Students, and fome great Lawyers of both Houfe-s, on whom he gained exceedingly by his way of Preaching, graced with a comely Gefture, and a Rhetori- cal manner of Elocution. By which advantages he pofleft many of the long Robe with a ftrongattecnon to the devices of Gcncva,2nd with as great a prejudice to the EngliJJ) Hierarchy } the fruits where- of difcovered themfelvesmoreor lefs in all following Parliaments, when any thing concerning the Church came in agitation. And by the opportunity of this Place , he had the chief managing of the Affairs of the Disciplinarians, prcfiding for the molt part in their Clafiical Meetings \ and from hence illuing their Directions to the rett of the Churches. And fo it ttood till Hooker's coming to be Matter; who being a man of other Piinciples, and better able to Gg g ; defend . ifj 3Efrc Ifoftojtp of tt)t ff?egfrptetian& Lib, ix. defend them in a way of Argument ? endeavoured to inftrucl: his Auditors in fuch Points of Do&rineas might keep them in a right £erfwafion of the Church of England, as well in reference to her Go- vernment, as her Forms of VVorfhip. This troubled Travers at the heart, as it could not otherwise, to fee that the fine Web which he had been fo long in weaving, ftiould be thus unraveli'd. Rather than Co, Hooker (hall tell them nothing in the Morning , but what he la- boured to confute in the Afternoon 5 not doubting but that a great part of the Auditors would pais Sentence for him, though the truth might run moft apparently on the other fide. Hoofer endured it for fome time 5 but being weary at the laft of the oppofition , he com- plains thereof to the Arch-bilhop , who had (defervedly ) a very great opinion of him ? and this Complaint being ieafonably made in that point of time when Cartwright, Sna'pe, and other Leading- men of the Puritan Faction, were brought into the HighCommifli- on$ it was no hard matter for him to procure an Order to fupprels his Adversary, filenced from preaching in the Temple, and all places elfe. Which Order was ifTued upon thefe grounds5 that is to fay, That he was no lawfully ordained Minifter according to the Church of Eng- land : That he took upon him to preach , without being licenjed : and, That he had prefumed openly to confute fuch Do&nne as had been pub' lickly delivered by another Preacher, without any notice given thereof to the lawful Ordinary , contrary to a Provifion made in the Seventh year of the Queen, for avoiding Dijiurbances in the Church. 17. But Travers was too ftifT,and too wellfupported, to fit down on the firft Affault: He makes his fupplication therefore to the Lords of the Council, where he conceived himfelf as ftrong and as highly favoured as Hooker was amongft the Bilhops and the High Commiffioners. In this Petition he complains of fome obliquity in the proceedings had againft him, for want of fome Legalities in the conduct of it. But when he came to anfwer to the Charges which were laid upon him, his Defences appeared very weak and fiat, and could not much conduce to his juftification , when they were feri- oufly examined in the fcale of Judgment. His exerciling the Mi- nistry without lawful Orders, he juftified no other wife, than that by the Communion of Saints, all Ordinations were of like Authority in aChriftian Church. The Bifhop of London had commended him by two Letters unto that Society, to be chofen Ledurer^ and That he took for a lufficient Licenfe, as might enable him to preach to that Congregation. Andas for his confuting in the Afternoon, what had been preached by Mr. Hoofer in the. morning before, he concei- ved that he had warrant for it from St. Paul's example, in withftand- ing St. Peter to his face, for fear left otherwife God's Truth might receive fome prejudice. The weaknefs and infufficiency of which Defences , was prefently made known in Hoofer's Anfwer to the Supplication. Which wrought fo much upon the Lords , and was fo ftrongly feconded by the Arch-biQiop himfelf, that all the Friends which Travers had amongft them, could not do him good } efpecial- \y when it was reprefented to them5 how dangerous a thing it was, that Lib. IX. 3Qe V)ifto;p of the p?egbrtrhn r. ^5 that ;i man of fuch ill Principles, and ot v. oilc Afc&ioni, (houldbc permitted to continue in hu former Lecture--, which, wh.>tellew< it, in effect, but ton/.///? almoft half the Lawyers ol fn.'J.ind 10 he of Couucel'mwU Caufcs which concerned the Church, wheutucver thole of the Genevian or Puritan Faction Ihould requite it of them. But lo ir bapned, fand it hapned very well tor Trmnri) that the Queen had erected an Uuivcrlity at DubltnM\ the year lorc-goin;'. I r>>. i\ Found- ing tlu rein a ( follcdg dedicated to the Holy Trinity ; to the Ptovoft- fliip whereof he was invited by the Arch-biihopof Dublin^ who had been once a bellow of the lame Houfc with him. Glad of \ op- portunity togootf with credit, he prepares tor frcltnd. But long he had not dwelt on his new Preferment, when either he proved too hot for t lie Place, or the Countrrv ( by reaibn of the fol lowing Watts) grew tOO hot fbt him: Which brought him back again to EmgU*d\ where he lived tofl vcrv great age in a final] Eftate , more comfortably than before, oceanic lefi tioublcfome to the Church than he had been formerly. 18. Thus have we (ecu Travrrs taken off, and Keza quieted j nor was it long before Cartwright was reduced to a better temper '• But fir 11, it wasrclolved to try all means for his delivery, both at home and abroad. Abroad, they held intelligence with their Brethren in the Kirk of Scotland, by means of Tcnry here, and of GibCon there 5 two men as fit tor their Deligns, as if they had been made of pur poll- to promote the Mifchief. Concerning which, thus Gtbfon writes in (me of his Letters to Coppinger, before remcmbied ; whereby it feems that he waspriw to his practilcsalfo. The bejl of our Mmijiers (faith he ) are taoji c. ireful of your eftate j and had fent for th.it ejjcCt a Trea- cher of ours thei'Jt Summer, of purpofe to confer with the be ft afjetied of your Church , to lay dorvn a plot how our Church might bejl travel J or your relief. 'J he Lord l^yiows whit care we have of you, both in our pub- licly and private 1 r ayers, &Cc. For , as feeling-members of one body, rre reckon the affiitfion of your Church to be our own. This lhowed how great they were with child of fbmegood Affections, but there wanted fcrength to be delivered of the Burthen. They were not able to raile Factions in the Court of England, asQiecn ELtZJh, BETH had done frequently on their occafions in the Realm of Scot- land. All they could do, was to engage the King in mediating with the Queen in behalf of Cartwright , TJd.tl, and iome others of the principal Brethren then kept in Prilon for their contumacy iu refuting the Oath. And they prevailed to far upon Him, who was not then in a condition to deny them anything , as to direct tome Lines unto Her in this tenour following. 10. T3 Ight Excellent, High and Mighty Princefs, Our dear- X^V eft Sifter and Coulio, inOurneartieft manner We "recommend Usunto You. Hearing of the Apprehenfloa "of Mattel Vdal, and Matter Cartwright , and certain other " Miniftcrsof the Evangel, within Your Realm, of whole tcgoodErudition, and Faithful Travels in the Church, We ••hen %&t ifofto?p d tfo ft?egbptman& Lib ix. «• hear a very credible commendation, however that their di- ct verfity from the Bifhops and other of Your Clergy, in mat- ters touching their Conference, hath been a mean by their of the Queen, for re/it- ring to the C) oven the ancient 'jurifdidion , Sec. was not to be ac- counted introductory ot a new Authority , which was not in the Crown before ; but only declaratory of an old, which naturally and originally did belongto all Chriltian Princes, and amongft others alfo, to the Kings of England. For proof whereof , there wanted not fumcicnt evidence in our Fnglijlj Hiftorics, as well as in iomc old Records of unqucltioned Credit, exemplifying the continual practice or the Kings of England, before and lince the Norman Coa- cjutft, in ordering and directing matters which concerned the Church: In which tlicy ruled lometimes abfolutely , without any difpute; and fomctimes relatively , in reference to fuch oppofition as they were to make againft the Pope, and all Authority derived from the See of Rome. * 91. Againft this Cafe , Co folidly debated, and fo judicioufly drawn up, when none of the Puritan Profellors cculd make any Reply, Tarfons the Jefuit undertook it 5 but fpent more time in fearching out fome contrary Evidence, which might make for the Pope, than in difproving that which had been brought in behalf of the Queen. So that the ftrugling on both fides, much confirmed the Power which they endeavoured to deftroy^ the Power of that Commiflion being better fortified both by. Law and Argument, than it had been formerly. For, by the over-ruling of Ca-wdreys Cafe, in confirmation of the Sentence which was pair, againft him, and the great pains which Parfonx took to (6 little purpofc^ the Power of that CommifTion was fo well eftablifhed in the Courts of judicature, that it was afterwards never troubled with the like Difputes. The Guides of the Faction therefore are rcfolved on another courfe, To ftrikc directly at the Root, toqucftion the Epifcopal Power , and the Queen's Authority , the Jurifdiction of their Courts, the exacting of the Oath called the Oath Ex officio, and their other proceedings in the fame. And to thispurpofeit was publifhcd in Print by fome of their Lawyers, or by their directi- ons at the leaft, That men were heavily oppreded in theEcdefi- aftical Courts, againft the Laws of the Realm: That the Queen could neither delegate that Authority which was vetted in it, nor the Commiilioncrs to exercife the fimc by her delegation: That the faid Courts cculd not compel the taking of the Oath, called Hhh the * ! » 2Lf)e lt>tCto?p of tjir pjeSbpterians;* Lib. ix. the Oath Ex Officio, fincenoman could be bound in Reafonto ac- cufe himfelf: That the laid Oath did either draw men into wilful Perjury, to the deftruftion of their fouls $ or to be guilty , in a manner, of their own condemnation, to the lofs both of their Fame and Fortunes. And finally , That the ordinary Epifcopal Courts, were not to meddle in any Gaufes whatfbever , but only Tefta- mentary and Matrimonial: by confequence, not in matter of Tythes, all Misbehaviours in the Church, or punithingof Incon- tinency, or Fornication, Adultery, Inceft, or any the like grievous or enormous Crimes : but on the contrary , it was affirmed by the Profeflors of the Civil Laws, That to impugn the Authority whichi had beenvefted in the Queen by Act of Parliament, was nothing in effect but a plain Tnvafionof the Royal Prerogative, the opening of a way to the violation of the Oath of Allegiance, and conle- quently to undermine the whole Frame of the prefent Govern- ment. It was proved alio. That the ordinary Epifcopal Courts bad kept themfelves within their bounds $ that they might lawfully deal in all iuchCaufes as were then handled in thofe Courts ^ that their proceedings in the fame by the Oath Ex officio, was neither againft Conference, Reafbn, nor the Laws of the Land-, and therefore, that the Clamours on the other fide, were unjuft and fcandalous. In which, as many both Divines ajid Civilians, deferved exceed- ing well both of the Queen and the Church : fo none more emi- nently, than Dr. Richard Ce8brterun*. $ • 9 fbmc good ok of it tor themselves; presuming more upoo the ltrcngth of t hc-i r Party, l>v realonor the Pragmaticalneftof ionic Lawyers in the Houfeof Commons, than they Bad any juft ground for, as it ntrrr proved. To which end they prepared tome Bills : ii iently deftrudtive of the Royal fatcten , the lurildiction of the BifllOpe, and rhe whole Form of their Proceedings in their fcvcral Conns. With which the Queen being made acquainted before their meeting, or otherwiie fufpe&ing , by their former pi . what they meant to do; She thought it belt to ftringle thole Concepti- ons in the- very Womb. And to that purpose She gave Order for the fignificationdf Her PIcafure to the Lords, and Commons, at the very ftrft opening of the Parliament, That they Ihould not \ beyond their bounds; That they Ihould keep tncmielvcs to i ledrelhngor inch Popular Grievances as were complained of to them in their leveral Countrevs: but, that they Ihould leave all Matters of State to Her lelt and the Council; and all Matters which concerned the Church, unto Her and Her Bifhops. .Which Declaration notwithstanding, the Factors for the rnritins are refblved to try their Fortune, and to encroach upon the Qyeen and theChurch at once. The Queen was always fenli- ble of the Inconveniences which might arife upon the nominating of the next Succellor, and knew particularly how much the Nee- dle of the Vuritatu Compals pointed toward the North: Which made Her more tender in that Point, than She had been formerly., But Mr. Peter ll'entworth, whom before we fpake of, a great Zea- lot in behalf of the Holy Difcipline, had brought one Bromley to his lures and they together deliver a Petition to the Lord Keeper ruddering, deliring that the Lords would joyn with them of the Lowcr-Houlc, and become Suppliants to the Queen for entailing of the Succeflion of the Crown, accordingto a Bill which they had prepared. At this the Queen was much difpleafed, as being direct - lv contrary to her (hict Command ^ and charged the Lords of the Council to call the laid Gentlemen before them, and to proceed • agatoft them for their disobedience. Upon which Signification of Her Mafefty's Pleaiure, Sir lhoma<> Hcnnage ^ then Vice-Chamber- lain, and one of the Lords of the Privy-Council, convents the Par- tics, reprehends them for their Mifdemeanor, commands them to forbear the Parliament, andnottogo out oi their leveral Lodg- ings,until further Order. Being afterwards called before the Lord Trealurcr Burleigh , the Lord BuckJ.urft , and the laid Sir ihomjs •-> V.'entxvorth is lent unto the Tower, Bromley committed unto the Fleet, ^nd With him H'eljh and Stevens, two other Members of that Houie. were Committed alio, as being privy to the Projects of the other two. In whole behalf , when it was moved by one Mr V/roth, That the Houfc fnould be humbleSuitors to Her Mjjefty for the releaftng of Such of their Members as were under reitraint; it was anfweredby fiichof the Privy-Councellors n> were then Members of the Houlc. 7/'..'/ Her Aiajejly bid tumnnttedthem for caufes bcjl 9M to Hcrjelfj a»d3 that to prefs Her Higbnefs with this Suit. H h h 2 preuld -r j to %$t !£ifto?p of tlje p^Sbpt'er ianS* Lib. ix. would but hinder thofewhofe good it fought. That the Houfe mufi not call the Queen to an account for what fhe did of Her Royal Authori- ty, That the Caufes for which they are reftrained, may be high and dangerous. That Her Majefty liketh no fuch Que ft ions ^/t either did it become the Houfe to deal in fuch matters. Upon which words the Houfe defifted from interpofing any further in their behalf, but left them wholly to the Queen, by whom Wentworth was continued Prifbner for fome years after. 24. In the fame Parliament, one Morrife, Chancellor of the Dut- chy of Lancafter^ propofed unto the Houfe5 That fome courfe might be taken by them againft the hard courfes of Bifhops Ordinaries, and other Ecclefiaftical Judges, in their feveral Courts, towards fundry godly Minifters, and painful Preachers, who deferved more encouragement from them. They alfo fpake againft Subfcription, and the Oath Ex officio^ and offered a Bill unto the Houfe againft the imprifbnment or fuch as refufed the fame. Of this the Queen had prefent notice, and thereupon fends for Coke , then Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, ( but afterwards fucceflively Chief Juftice of either Bench ) to whom fhe gave command to deliver this MeC- fage to the Houfe } that is to fay , That it was wholly in Her Power to calls todetermine^to affent , or diffent ", to any thing done in Parlia- ment. That the calling of thk0 was only that the Majefty of God might be more Religioujly objerved, by compelling , with fome fharp Laws3 fuch as negleft that Serviced and> that the fafety of Her Majejiys Per- fon3 and the Realm , might be provided for : That it was not meant they fhould meddle with matters of State , or Caufes Ecclefi.ftical : That she wondered that any fjould attempt a thing fo contrary to Her Commandment : and^ that She was highly offended at it : and finally <} that it was Her pie afore , That /to -Bill touching any matters of Statez or for the Reformation of Caufes Eccleji.ftical , fjould be there, exhi- bited. On the delivery of which Mefiage, Morrife is faid to have been feizedonin the Houfe by a Serjeant at Arms $ but howfoever, feized on and committed Prifoner , kept for fome years in lutbttry Cattle, difcharged from his Office in the Dutchy , and difabled from any Prac~Hfe in his Profeffion, as a common Lawyer. Some others had prepared a Bill to this efie&, That in lieu of Excommunication5 there fhould be given fome ordinary Procefs, with fuch fute and co- ertion as thereunto might appertain } that fb the dignity of fo high a Sentence being retained, and the neceffity of mean Procefs Ap- plied, the Church might be reftored to its ancient fplendor. Which Bill, though recommended fbmewhat ificogirantly by one of the Graveft: Couhcellorsof State which was then in the Houfe, wasalfb dafhed by Her Majefty's exprefs Command, upon a EVefblutionof not altering any thing ( the quality of the times considered ) which had been fetled in the Church, both by Law and Praclife. Which conftancy of Hers in the preferving of Her own Prerogative and the Church's Power, kept down that fwelling humour of the Puritan Faction , which was even then upon the point of overflowing the banks, and bearing down all oppofition which was made againft them. 25. And Lib. IX JLijelftiftw of the i&jteg'bpteriang, aai 2«j. And, that they might be kept the better in their natural Channel, Ihc caufedan Act to be prepared and pall . d in this pre- fent Parliament, tin u taitinr.' tlucm, andoiheis ol HtrSui feds, in their due obi I which it wu Knaetcd, lor the preventing 6and avoiding of Inch lnconvcniencies ami Perils as might hap; c and grow by the wicked and dangerous Practice* ot Seditious Se- 'etarics, and Dilloyal perlons^ That if >nj pcifon abmc c flu- agcof fifteen years. Ihould obltinately rctulc to re pail lobnic 'Church, Chappel, 01 ulti.d place of Common- Prayer, to heai I )i- ' vine Service clrablilhcd , or lhall toibear to do the fame by 'the fpace of I Month, without lawful tank •; or Ihould move or 1 pirlwadeany other pctibn whatloever. to forbear and abfrain 110m 'coming to the Church to hear Divine Service, Otto Deceive tne 'Communion, according to the Laws and Statutes .1 u laid, or to 'come orbeprelent at any unlawful Allemblies, Conventicle*, Of ' Meetings, under pretence ot Religious Kxcrcilc, contrary to the t[ ,ius and Statutes made in that behalf, or ihould at anv time atter •forty days, from theeml of that Seffiottyby Printing, Writing 01 'exprefs Words or Speeches, advifedly and purpokly ^o afoul to 'move or perfwade any ot Her Majdrv's Subjects, or any other 'within Her Highnets Realms and Dominions, to deiiv, with- stand, or impugn Her Majelcy's Power and Authority in caules 'Eccleliaftical , united and annexed to the Imperial Ciown of the 'Realm, Thatthen every perion fo offending and convicted ot it, ' fhould be committed unto Prilon without Bail ot Main piite, till 'he or they fhould telfilie their C« nfoimitv, by coming to lome 'Church, Chappel, or other place ot Common pr«\ ci\ to hear Di- • vine Service, and to make open iubmiliion and declaration of 'the fame in fuch form and m. inner, as by the faid Statute was pro* 'vided. Now that we may the better fee what great care was ta- ken, as well by the two Houtes of Parliament, is by the Queen Her felf. for preiervi tig the Honour or the Church, the Junldi- ft ion of the Billiops, and the Royal Prerogative in both ;«it will not b a nils to reprefent that Form totheeye of the Kculer. in which th. nul Submiffi >n was to be delivered. The tenour whereof was as lollov\eth, vtz,. 26. 'I A. B. do humbly confefsand acknowledg , That I 'have grievoullv offended God in contemning Her MajeftVl 'godly ami lawful Government and Authority, by ablenting 'my (elf from Church, and from hearing Divine Service-, 'contrary to the godly Lawsand Statutes of this Realm.3 'and in tiling and frequenting difordered and unlawful Con- 'venticles and Allemblies , under pretence and colour of 'cxercifeot Religion. And I am heartily lorry for the fame, 'and do acknowledg and teltitie in my Conlcience, That no c perfon or perfons , hath, or ought to have any Power or 'Authority over Her Ma'etty. And I do promife and pro- 'teit without any disinflation, orany colour of means of H h h 3 any in • %l)*M&Qiv titty fji8byttmti$> Lib. iX: c any Difpenfation, That from henceforth I will from time to 'time, obey and perform Her Majefty's Laws and Statutes c in repairing to the Church, and hearing Divine Service^and c do mine utmoft endeavour to maintain and defend the ( fame. 27. This Declaration to be made in fome Church or Chappel, before the beginning of Divine Service, within three Months af- ter the conviction of the (aid Offenders , who otherwife were to abjure the Realm, and to depart the fame, atfuchtimeand place as fhouldbe limited and afligned unto them 5 with this Provifbfuper- added , That if any of the faid perfbns fo abjuring , fhould either not depart the Realm at the time appointed , or fhould come back again unto it without leave firfl granted --, that then every fuch perfon fhould fuffer death as in cafe of Felony b without the be- nefit of his Clergy. And to fay the truth, there was no reafbn why any man fhould have the benefit of his Clergy, who fhould fbobfti- nately refufe to conform himfelf tothe Rules and Dictates of the Church. There alfb was a penalty of ten pounds by the Month,impo- fed upon all thofe who harboured any of the faid Puritan Re cufants-, if the faid Puritan Recuf ants (not being of their near Relations } or any of them, fhould forbear coming to fbme Church or Chappel, or other place of Common-prayer, to hear the Divine Service of the Church, foi the fpaceof a Month. Which Statute being made to continue no longer than till the end of the next Seffion of Par- liament, was afterwards kept in force from Seffion to Seffion, till the death of the Queen , to the great' prefervation of the Peace of the Kingdom, the fafetyof Her Majefty's Perfon, aad the tran- quillity of the Church, free from thenceforth from any fuch difturb- ances of the Puritan Faction, as had before endangered the Founda- tions of it. ,.(,0j 28. And yet it cannot be denied, but that the feafbnable exe- ':>, cutionof the former Statute on Barrow, Penry, and fbme others of thefe common Barreters, conduced as much to the promoting of this general Calm , as the making of this. It was in the Month of November , 1 587, that Henry Barrow, Gentleman, and John Green- wood, Clerk, (ot whole commitment, with fome others, we have fpokejbefore ) were publickly convented by the High Commiffion- ers, for holding and difperfing many Schifmatical Opinions, and Se- ditious Doctrines , of which the principal were thefe , viz. That our Church is no true Church. That the Worfhip of the Englijh Church is flat Idolatry. That we admit into our Church unfan- ctified perlbns. That our Preachers have no lawful Calling- That our Government is ungodly. That noBifhop or Preacher preach- eth Chrift fincerely or truly. That the people of every Parifh ought to chufe their Bifhop. And, That every Elder, though he be no Doctor or Paftor,is a Bifhop. That all of the Precifer fort, who refufe the Ceremonies of the Church, ftrain at a Gnat, and fwallow a Camel, and are clofe Hypocrites, and walk in a left- handed Lib. ix. ghetyittojpofthc p»esbpterians. 32$ •handed Policy, as Cntnriyht . II r >■ i lh.it all which -make, teach* of.ex pound Prfntedoi VVrirt >n Catechifms, ai Shepherds, as C.ih'in^Vrftn.Noir , I'h.it the Children of I . ,, il\ Parents ought not to be baptized , , Drunk- c4'i; . and finally , that let- pray ei is blafphcmous* On their Convention, and ionic Ibort in'tiaint tor lo many dotages, they pio- mik-d to recant, and were enlarged upon their Bonds. But being let at liberty, they brake out again into furthei Extremities, and drew fomc others to the fide, nlmolt as mtfchtevoi as them (eh and no lefi Pragmatical : the principal whereof, f not to take rice of the Rabble or befotted people who became their t ) were s.ixro Fillet, Gentleman $ Daniel'Studley^ Girdicr-, Ro- bert iWtr, Fiih monger; committed Prisoners to the Fleet, with their principal Leaders, in the "July following. The times were dangerous, in regard of the great Preparati- ons of the king of 5f>4/», tor 1 to another Conterence: but no perforations would prevail with him for a fecond Meeting. Which being lignified to Kirrorr, by the laid Dt.Rjvjs, in the pretence of divers perfbns of good account, thepooi man fetched a great figh, laying, Shall J bt thus forftJ^eu by hi/;; < li'.u it not he th.it brox Ji'rjt into theft bri- arr, and will be now leave t;ic in the fame} li'^s ;t net from him Mont th.it I took^n-) grounds? Or, did I not out of Juch frtmifts as me, infer theft rropojitions, ana, deduce thojeCon- :; / am novo k'.p* in B Which (aid, thecom- irted, and left the Piiloners to prepare tor their follow- . I I . By the Imprifonment of Cartwrigbt, the Condemnation of Vdal, and the Execution of Mtcfat, the times had been reduced to lo good a temper, that there could be no danger in proceeding to 514 3B3)e^ifto?poft|jep'W8bpterian^ Lib. ix. to a publick Arraignment. The Parliament was then alfo fittings andpoffibleit is , that the Queen might pitch upon that time for their condemnation , to let them fee 9 that neither the fitting of a Parliament 3 nor any Friends they had in both or either of the Houfes , could either ftay the courfe of Juftice, or fufpend the Laws. Certain it is, that on the 21 of March, 1592, they were all indicted at the Seffions-Hall without Newgate, before the Lord Mayor, the two Chief Juftices, lomeof the Judges, and divers other Commif- fioners of Oyer and Terminer •-, for writing and publiftiing fundry Seditious Books, tending to the ilander of the Queen and State. For which they were found guilty , and had the Sentence of death pronounced upon them, March 2 3 . Till the Execution of which Sen- tence, they were lent to Newgate. 90. The fatal Sentence being thus palled. Dr. Lancelot Andrews, afterwards Lord Bifhopof Ely :> Dr. Henry Parreyy afterwards Lord Bilhop of Worcefter, Dr. Philip Bijfe , Arch-Deacon of Taunton 5 and Dr. Thomas White, one of the Refidentiaries of St. Pauls'-, were fent to Barrow, to advife him to recant thofe Error*, which other- wife might be as dangerous to his foul, as they had proved unto his body. Who having fpent fome time to this purpofe with him, were accofted thus : c You are not ( faith he ) the men whom I moft dif- c like in the prelent differences : For , though you be out of the c Way, yet you think yo-u are in the Right, and walk according c to that light which God hath given you. But I cannot but com- c plain of Mr. Cartwright, and all others of his opinion,, from whom cwe have received the truth of thefe things, and by whole Books *we have been taught, that your Calling is Antichrifiian. And yet c thefe men, faith he, forfakeusinour Sufferings, againft their Con- cfciences , and rather chufe to (ave their lives, than go out of Baby- c Ion, To which, when Dr. White objecled, That thofe«Callings which he reproached as Antichrifiian, had been embraced by Arch-bifhop Cranmer, Bilhop Ridley, and divers other godly perfons, who fufler- ed Martyrdom for their Religion in Queen MARVs days. Barrow thus glorioufly replies, Mofl true it is, (/quoth he) that they and others were Martyrs in Queen MARY'S days -, but thefe holy Bands of mine (and therewith (hook his Fetters) are much more glorious than any of theirs, becaufe they had the Marf^ of Antichrifl in their hands. Such was the Fortune of theie men, that thefe Learned Do- ctors could do as little good upon them, as Cartwright and his Fel- lows had done before j though, to fay the truth , it had not been in Cartwright's power to have changed their minds, unlels he had firft changed his own. And thereupon it was very well laid by Dr. John Surges , ( who had been once one of Cartwright's Followers ) 'That he was, and ever had been of that opinion , That no jufc * confutation could be made of the Separatifis, by any of the Non- c Conformifis , who had given them their Principles. That though * he had feenfome endeavours that way, yet did they never fatisfie c him in point of Conference. That the Arguments publifhed in his ctimeagainft Conformity, were pretended for the grounds of the Separation. *g Lib. IX. Oei)lfto?pof fl3k-~P> :Sj!tCi'i-in^ 325 'Separation. Xhat the Separatifts di< nd their P 1 none but the puritan s $ which do nun ny (fri I c hachaoy M . And 6na unt.tr> mi 'well call them their <&ir . I r}asDi c fome others hail began to do. I 0 bring this In. Barrow ami Greewwoo /were brought to of M.ircb\ andhaving been cxpolcd foi the people, weie carried back again to Ketrgatc. But n > repent- ance following on the (culcor lo great a mjerc) , hanged at Tiburn on thefixth ut l • prieved, with tome hope of pardon, as being only r) o Crimes of the ocj g I, In M.iy next following, r I ;\a!; a manor molt Seditious Malice , and one of I thole fcuirilous Libels which had palled undei • >f Martin br- Prelate. But not content with having a h frilcnt Pamphlets, bot rauft needs take upon him to be i u //.•; to or union Agent, bet ween the Presbytersoi i oti id the Ertglijh fmritanf. Having enframed the Scot* unfo fome Seditfon re- mained Leidger there till the beginning of Hacfa's I nd thereupon writes to Arthington to this effect, ~ih.it Reformation tfiuji be jhortly ercQcd in England: And thereupon he ti London, to have play'd his pranks, if their Defign fa ! took ef- fects it. being his hope, as poffibly it wasthe hopeol all the reft of that Faction, That oo the Proclamations which were made by Hac^et'i Prophets, the people wouldhave been inci ed to an In- furredtion. Cut whenhefaw thofe hopes deluded, and /// the Prelacy and lUimJiry of the Church of England, by Mr, 1< Penry , a Martyr of 'fefns drift , as the Pamphlet calls I i. 1 he Wqrk not Hnifhcd at the time of his Apprebenlloi I was Printed however by fome zealous Brother, that he m ght poyfon the Queen's Sul well dead as living. . i o which end we are told in the Preface of it . by the zea- lous, or rather Seditious £ubli(her, -That the Author , Mr. 'John .nry, was a Godly man, Learned. Zealous, and of amoftChri- Iii Irian %x6 %i)t i^tftojp cf tl)t $!e&bpterian& Lib. ix. c ftian Carriage and Courage. That he was born and bred in the 'Mountains of Wales, and with all godly care and labour, endea- cvoured to have the Gofpel preached amongft his Countrey-mcn c whole cafe he greatly Teemed to pity, wanting all the ordinary c means for their falvation. That being ufed by God for a fpecial cInftrument in the manifeftationof his Truth, he was hardly en- c treated, ' imprifoned , condemned , and executed 5 and fo fuffered c Martyrdom for the Name of Chrift. But more particularly, That che was adjudged at the Ring's Bench by Sir JohnPopham , Lord c Chief Juftice, and the reft or the Judges then aflembled , on the c 25/Aof the fifth Month, and executed at St. Thomas of Waterings, cnear London , on the 79th of the fame, in the year of our God ci593. And finally, That he was not brought to execution the cnext fecond or third day, as moft men expected '-> but, that when cmen did leaft look for it, he was taken while he was at dinner, c carried in a cloie manner to his Execution, and haftily bereaved c of his life,without being fuffered (though he much defired)to make c a declaration of his Faith towards God, or his Allegiance to the 'Queen. And in a Poftfcriptto the fame, he concludes ittnus, viz. eThat he was apprehended, adjudged, and executed, for writing c for the Truth of Chrift , whatfoever other things were pretend- c ed againft him. Let us no longer blame the Papifis for making Mar- tyrs of fuch Priefts and Jefuits as fuffered death according to the Law of the Land, for their feveral Treafons : the puritans , or Presbyteri- ans, have their Martyrs alio , Penry and Hacket^ and the reft, con- demned by the fame Laws, for their Treafons and Felonies. And if thefe men, with Barrow, Greenwood, and the reft, who had gone before them, muftpafs in. our account for Martyrs, becaufe they fuffered in purfuance of the Holy Diicipline. There is no quefti- on to be made, but Cartvcright, Snape , with fuch as fuffered only by Imprifonment, or the lofs of their Benefices, muftbe marked for ConfeJJbrs 9 in the next fetting out of Gel/ibrand's Calender, whenfoever it be. Which, as it was thehigheft honour that any of Cartwright's Friends can pretend to for him 5 fo in himfelf he feemed not very ambitious of thofe glorious Attijjpues, which could not otherwife be purchafed, than at Penry s Price. 33. Fornow perceiving, whentoolate, towhat calamitous and miferable Ends he had brought his Followers, what horrible Con- fufions had difturbedthe whole Church, by his ©bftinate Follies, he was contented to knock off, and to give way to thofe Prudential Confederations which the complexion of Affairs did fuggeft unto him. He faw too clearly, that there were no more Walfinghams, or Leicefters, at the Council-Table. That the Arch-bifliops little fin- ger moved more powerfully there, than thofe few Friends which durft fpeak for him, being put together. That the Chief Juftice Popham was a man of a ridged nature, not to be trifled with, or took off from the profecution, if he fhould come within the com- pafs of the Law : And finally, that though the Statute made in the laft Seffion, feemed chiefly to relate unto the Brethren of the Sepa- ration, Lib. ix. ffbe iftifto?? of tfte p ?egbpteri $i7 ration) yet there might be (bm< » or other to hook in all i /' fof the Discipline alio* if they did any tiling i i ti- on of the prcfent Government. Ot rhefeRelcntii ne intelli- gence had been- giyen to Arch-bid I :'yjl'- ■ thcrcu| rcfoliftcd to work (bmc imprcflion on him, when he found I like a piece oi W*x welJ warmed , and I receive iL Ii which Refutation I lies himl li unto the (. who(e- Clemency be not only obtain himai .1- (on, put made it the more com fori all I rroxs p. iic. H d him moreovei to return to I where he was Mailer <>t the Hoipital founded by the E rl ol I cefimTi ■ '••'- and there permitted him to pr with this condition, That h ■ (hould neither Write, noi Preach; no; I any thing to th I in refei 1 1 bet Governrrj Forms of Worlhip. Aiuir it be .illumed, That C*rtwrigk% kept bimfelf within thoJ ri- crionsf utheQu n 1 notice of it, the was much difpl t- fed,andnota little blaoi dthc - forir: But he bch< not Cdrtvpri&bt, as he had done Trovers, though both pretending to the Ordination of a Fo Presbytei . rs never had any other Hands im poled on him, than thole of the Presbyt< ryot AttwcrD, which might fraud for nothing. Cut Cartwrigbt was lii fully ordained in the Church of England, tin Ch.ua- cter whereof could not be obliterated, though it might poflibly be defaced, eith he Refcindiog of his Lettersof Orders, (which fome lay he did J or by themper-additionof fuch other Hands as weie laid upon him, after the fafhi t. Neither was Csrtvright (o infallible of the Obligation, .is not to know and to acknowledg by whole Favour be receiyed that Freedom; carry 11 himfclt from that time forwards to the Arch- bifhop, both in his Let- ters and Addrefles , with asmuch reipect as any ofthe Regular and Conformable Clergy \ continuing in that peaceable difpo ition, till the time of his death; which hapaedabout ten years after his en- large ment , that is to lay, on the 2~th day of December , Anno 160;. ;4. But the Arch-bilhop frayed qpt here 5 he knew right well, that Punifhment without Inlhuaion. would notedifie much with men of common underftandings* and therefore carefully employ- ed both himllif and others, in giving fatistaction to all doubtin judgments: For his own part, he wrote tl r his long and learn- ed Leaer to Theodore Bet*) which before ike of 5 and thei ijraly laid before him that 'deplorable Rupture which not without his privity had been 'made in the Church of England. Which point he preft upon him with fuch Chriftian Modefty , and did withal] fo clearly jultitie thisChurch in her whole proceed- ings, that Eczi could not but 00 nfe G himfiblf to be conquered, by his future carriage, which from thenceforth breathed nothing elfc but Peace to the Church it kit, and dutiful refpectstothat tXcverend Prelate. And tortile fatisfa&ion of all Parties iuterelted amoogft I i i 2 i is %\)i l£iftQ?P cf t?# pjeSbptenanSu Lib. ix. our felves, a Book was publiftied this year alfo, by Dr. Thomas Bil- fon0 then Warden of the Colledg near Winchejler, concerning The perpetual Government of the Church of Chrift'-, proving therein. That from the time of Chrift himfelf , till thefe latter days, neither the Univerfal Church , nor any National or Provincial Church, in what place foever , had been governed otherwifethan byBifhops, and their Under-Officers. True, other Books were published at the fame time alfo, by Dr. Richard Bancroft, fo often mentioned 5 the one for the undeceiving of the people, (who had been miferably abufed by fuch counterfeit Wares ) entituled , A Survey of the pretended Holy Difcipline. The other to inform them in the Danger- ous Pofitions and Proceedings publifoed and pra&ifed in this Jjlandof Britain, under pretence of Reformation, <&c. which was the Title of the Book. The likecourfe was alfo taken for the juftification of the Bifhops Courts, by publifhing the Apology of Dr. Cofens be- fore remembred. And becaufe Hackefs Treafons had been built on no other Foundation, than that the Holy Difcipline might be rai- led upon them , a Narrative thereof is penned by Dr. ■ _ a Doctor of the Civil Laws, collected for the moft part out of the Letters and Confeffions of fome Difciplinarians, which either had been intercepted , or perfwaded from them. A courfe exceeding profperousto all thofewhom it moft concerned. For the Arch-bi- fhop by this means went in peace to his Graven Beza was gratified by him with a liberal Penfion, Bilfon within a Inert while after made Bifriop of Winchejier ■■> Bancroft preferred about the fame time to the See of London--^ Cofens , for his encouragement , made Dean of the Arches. 55 » And though we find not any Preferment to be given to Cart' rrrightj yet was it a Preferment to him, to enjoy his Miniftrys by- means whereof, he is affirmed to have grown very wealthy, partly by the Revenues of his Place in the Hofpital 5 and partly by the Bounty and Munificence of his conftant Auditors: Only it is re- ported of him, that towards his^end he was afflicted with many in- firmities '-> infomuch, that he could not otherwife apply himfelf unto his Studies, than upon his knees i, which fome were willing to im- pute as a judgment on him, for having fo bitterly inveighed againft all fuch men as in that reverend and religious pofture did receive the Sacrament. Some alfo have informed us of him , That notwith- ftanding all his Clamours, and Tumultuous manner of proceedings againft the Church, he could not chute but confefs there was more Difcipline exercifed in the Church of England, than in any of thofc Churches beyond Seas which himfelf hadfeen. Which words, as he is faid to have fpoken to one Mr. Woods , then Parfon of Frecken- ham in Norfolk during the time of hisimprifonment in the Fleet 5(0 the faid Woods reported them to Dr. 'John Burges, before-mention- ed, and from him I have them. But I had brought the man to his Grave before, andfhouldnot have difturbed his reft by thefe fad remembrances, if the Honour of the Church of England were not fome way vindicated as well by the one, as by the other. Thus, as before LiETTxT 3Cbe I0t(to;p of tftc pjesbptetiang, |to before we brought the Preihfteriamt m rtUttdto their grcateft height, in ; their Discipline cifablifticd by Lau , and con firm - ed by Leagut have we brought the / Pttritstj to their loweft tall, by divers (harp Laws made again! r th. re Executions done upon them tort inlgrefTing of thole- Law their principal I eiders humbled, or cut oil by the Sword of |u- sod the whole m.h i.in.t of their Devices brought to Bttci mine : not toe lefs active for all this, to advance t he Cau(e though alter a more , il and more cunn way : lo much the mo dangerous to this Church, becaufc left (ul it not lo clo&ly to (cape difcovcry. And the Brit pradife which they fell upon, wastbisthat follow ah. 56. It hath been an ancient Cuitom in the City of London , to have three (edema Sermons preached on Monday ^ 'imjday, and lit , , in the / [//"«•- week, at the place commonly called the ttle\ being a diilolved Holpital not far from l,ijl:ops-Gate % at which the Lord Mayor and Aldermen ufed to be preieot in their Robe s j b, lides a great concoiule of Divines Gentlemen, and othc r Citizcns: For the performance of which Work, a decent Pulpit was erected inan open place, which had been part of the Church- yard) the ordiaary Hearers fitting upon Forms before the Pulpit; the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and their Wives, with other Peribnsbf 1^94. Quality, in two handlbme Galleries a to which was added, in the yeai fair large Houle for the reception of the Govcrnour^ and Children of the Hospital, rounded in \\.q Grey-Fryers , who from thenceforth were tyed to attend thole Sermons. At what time aJ(o the old Pulpit was taken, down, and a new- letup, with the Preachers face turned toward the South, which had before been i. n tor (p m former times the Pulpits were genera 1- d in all Churctu •.';/.■./, to the end that the peoples Vorlbrp, might look toward the Eaft, according Cu the Primitive times. Which alteration feemed t 1 ... it without nolle, or any notice taken of it . they might I J little and little change the polture of Adoration fiom the Fait to the Weft, or any other point of the Com pa Is , as their humour lerv.ed. In which firft they were fhowedtheway by Sir Wgltt r Mddmay m in his Foundation of theChappelof Emmgmuel Colledg, 1585. VVho being a great favourer of the Thritan [■ acti- on, gave order for this Chappel to Eland North and South, and thereto] ample unto others to aile-ct the like. Whichbriugs into my mind a Project of Tiberius Gracchus, one of the molt Sedi- tious of the Hon an Tribunes^ for transferring the Supreme Power of the Commonwealth, fromthc Lords of the Senate, tothc Peo- ple : lor, whereas formerly all Orators in the Publick Aflemblies, uiedto addieh r heir Speeches to the Lords of the Senate, as the Supreme Magistrates, this Gracchus turned his face tothecommon people \ and by that Artifice, (laith rlutarch ) transferred unto them the Supreme Ma jefty of the Eamtm Empire, without Noile or Tu- mult. Iii 5-. But ?5° ffi&efeiftojp of tljc f 2e£bptertan& Lib. ix. 37. But it is now tirae to look back towards Scotland, where we left them at their higheft, and the poor King Co fettered or intang- led by his own Conceffions , that he was not able to act any thing in the Kirk, and very little in the State. He had not very well di- gefted their Refufal to fubfcribe to His Articles, mentioned in the clofe of the former Book, when he held an Aflembly at Dundee, in the end of Jpril, 1595 '■> at what time the-King, being well in- formed of the low condition of the Engl/Jfj Puntans,{entSk James Melmn to them withthefe two Articles, amongft many others. In the firft of which it was declared, c That He would notfufferthe cPriviIedg and Honour of his Crown to be diminilhed, and Afiem- c blies to be made when and where they plea fed 5 therefore willed c them, before the diilolution of the prefent Aflembly, to fend two cor three of their number , by whom they fhould know His mind touching the time and place of the next Meeting. And in the fe- ccondit was required , That an Acl: ihould be made, inhibiting Mi- nifters to declaim in the Pulpit againft the proceedings of His 'Majefty, and the Lords of His Council 5 which He conceived He c had good reafbn to defire, in regard 1 hat His Majefty's good inten- c tions were well known to themfelves , for maintaining Religion c and Juftice, and of the eafie accefs that divers of the Mini ftry had cunto Him, by whom they might fignifie their Complaints and 'Grievances. To the firft of which two Articles, they returned thisAnfwer, cThat in their Meetings they would follow the Ad: cof Parliament made by Him in the year preceding. And to the fecond, they repiyed , c.That they had made an Acl:, prohibiting all c Minifters to utter in the Pulpit any rafti or irreverent fpeeches c againft His Ma)efty,or His Council} but to give their Admoniti- cons upon juft andneceflary Caufes, in fear, love, and reverence. Which feemingtothe King to fervethen rather for a colour toex- cufe their Fadtioufnefs , than to lay any juft reftraint upon it. He turned a deaf Ear to their Petitions, as well concerning his pro- ceeding with the Popilh Lords, as againft the erecting of Tythes into Temporal Lorduhips. In this Aflembly alfo they pafled an A'ft, prohibiting all fuchas profefied Religion, to traffick in any part of the Dominions of the King of Spain, where the Inquifition was in force. And this to beobferved under the pain^of Excommunicati- on, till His Majefty could obtain a free Trade for them , without fear of any danger to their Goods or Conferences. Which being complained of to the King , and by Him looked upon as an In- trenchment upon the Royal Prerogative, the Merchants were en- couraged to proceed as formerjy. In opposition whereunto , the Minifters fulminate their Cenfures , till the Merchants generally made offer to forbear that Trade, as fbon as their Accounts were made, and that their Creditors in thofe parts had discharged their Debts. They pafs'd another Order alfb in the faid Aflembly, for putting down the Monday s Market in the City of Edenborongh^ under pretence that the Sabbath was thereby prophaned. Which fo difpleafed theShco-makers3 and other Artificers, that they came tumul- Lib. IX. gfteffiftoffoffte p?egbpteriang. ;*i tumultuoully totbe Minifters Houfcs, and threatned to turn them out of the City, without more ado, if ever that Ad] cut ion. For rear w-hetectf, that Proj tcr; andtherebj anoccafiorj givenuntothe Court toarrirmtl them, 'ih.it Kih .//>• Atnl SowtffS lould obt.nn i'< ' Miniji hands, which the&ing teas not .;/,• t> de n: matt ri fir more ji jr. I rctfoHitblc. To inch audacloufnefs were thej grown upon the (illy confidence of their own efrablifh'ment, as to put limits up Trade, difpofc of Markets, and proftitute both King andCouncil to the lull of their Preachers. But we will let them run unto the end of their Line, and then pull them back. 38. Anil fiilr, We will begin with the Conipiracies and 1 1 fons or Ir.imis SttWMrtt, Earl of J.ihin//. Son or John. Prior oi ColSmthAm^ one of the many Baftards o( K. James the Fifths who. By the- Daughter and Heir oi Jsmes Lord newborn, the late Earl or Bcthmeffs became the Father of this franck. A man h was of .1 leditious and turbulent nature, principled in the l>o- dlrinesor the Vreshjteritms 3 and thereby fitted and difpofed to run their courles. At lirlt he joyned himielf to the banifhed Lord?, . p. who feized upon the King at Sterling, not becaufe he was any way engaged in their former Practises, for which they had been forced to Rye their Countrey 5 but becaufe he would ingratiate hfmlelf with the Lords of that Faction, and gain fome credit with the Kirk. But being a man alio of adiflbluteLife, gaveruchfean* dal to all Honelt and Keligious men , thar in the end to gain the Reputation of a Convert, he was contented to be brought to the Stool oi Repentance, to make Conreffion of his Sins, and pro- nrifc Reformation foi the time to come. Pretuming now upon the 15 I vour of the Kirk, he confults with Witches, enquires into tl 1 i e of the King, how long he was to reign, a; it fhould happen in the Kingdom alter his decea(e*s and more- thanfo. deals with the Witchof Kath. particularly, to employ hetf'amiliat to difpatch the King 3 that he might let on foot fome Title to the Crown of that Realm. For which notorious Crimes, ('and lb efteemed by all the Laws both of Cod and Man) he was commit- ted unto Ward, and breaking Prifon , was confiscated, proclaimed Tray tor , and all Intelligence and Commerce interdicted with him. After thi-. he pr< a Fa&iori in the Court it lclf, under pre- tence of taking 1 the Power and Pride of the Lord Chancel- i«oi lor then being. But tinning himielf too weak toatchieve thcLn- terprile, he departs lecretly into EmgUn d. His 1- action in the Court beinu: formed with fome more Advantage, he b brought privily into the Palace rjf lUlj-Rood Houfe, makes hrmfelf Matter ot the Gate-, fecureth the Fort, and violently attempt- to lei/e the King. Rut the King hearing of the noife, retired himlelt toaftrong Tower , and cauled all the Pailages to be lockeej and bam Which Fothn-cll not being able to force, he relolves to burn the Palace and the King together. But before Fire could be made rcaJy, the Alarm was taken, the / nrgers railed, and the Con- jjz gin fl3i&o?p of ti)e j£ itzbyttmns. Lib. ix. Confpirators compelled, with the lofs of fome of their Lives , to quit the place. 1592. 39' The next year he attempts the like at Falkland, where he fhowed himfelf with a Party of fix-fcore Horfe -, but the reft of the Confpirators not appearing, he retires again, is entertained private- ly by fome eminent Perfons^ and having much encreafed his Facti- on, lives concealed in England. The Queen negotiates his return^ and by the Lord Burrough her Ambaflador, defires the King to take him into Grace and Favour. Which being denyed,a way is found to bring him into the King's Bed-chamber , together with one of his Confederates , with their Swords in their hands, followed im- 1 599* mediately by many others of the Fa&ion, by whom the King is kept in a kind of Cuftody , till he had granted their Defires. At laft, upon the Mediation of the EngliJJj AmbalTador, and fome of the Minifters of Edenborough , who were of Counfel in the Plot, the King is brought to condefcend to thefe Conditions, that is to fay, That Pardon flwuld be given tp Bothwell, and his Accomplices, for all matters pafl 5 and that this Pardon Jlwuld be ratified by A3 of Parliament ■> in November following : lhat> in the mean time, the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Hume, the Majler of Glammir, and Sir George Hume, (who were all thought to favour the Popifh Lords) fjould be excluded from the Court. And finally, That Bothwell and all his Party , J/jould be held good Subjects. But thefe Conditions be- ing extorted, were not long made good $ Agreed on Augufi the 14/6, and declared void by a Convention of Eftates at Sterlings on the yth of September, Some Troubles being railed upon this occafion , and as foon blown over j Bothwell is cited to appear at Eden borough^ and failing of his day, is declared Rebel} which on- ly ferved to animate him to fome greater Mifchief: For, being un- der-hand affifted by theE#g///frAmbaiTador, he prepares new Forces, defires the Lords which were of hisConfederacy to do the like, under q pretence of^anifhing the Popifti Lords 5 but in plain truth to 5'^' make the lung of no fignification in the Power of Government. Accompanied with Four hundred Horfe, he puts fiimfelf into Leith, to the great affrightment of the King, who was then at Edenborough. But underftanding that the reft of his Aflociates were not drawn together, it was thought good to charge upon him with the Bands of that City, and fome Artillery from the Ca- ftle, before his Numbers were encreafed. Which Counfel fped fb well, that he loft the day, and therewith all his hopes in Scot- land, and in England too. 40. For Queen Elizabeth being fenfible at the laft of the great Difhonour which fhe had drawn upon her felf by favouring fuch an Infamous Rebel , caufed Proclamation to be made , That no man fhould receive or harbour him within her Dominions. And the Kirk, moved by her Example, and the King's Requeft, when they perceived* that he could be no longer ferviceable to their Ends and Purpofes, gave Order that the Minifters in all Places fhould diflwade their Flocks from concurring with him for the time to come, Lib. ix. jOe V)\ttoif of tht p.\ 5 jrrn 1 ma. 3H conic, Ot jovning with any other ii the like Infurrcctiom i; unit that Authority which was diverted by God in HisMajeftyl Pcr- fon The Itcilons and Seditious pra&ifes or which man. I have laid together , the better to exprefs thofc continual Dang ich were thrcatned by himto the King s bjT Which He was reduce* I the neceffity of complying with the dedrel of the kirk, feeling tlieir Difcipline, and in all point1! cenrbrming to them tor Hi: own preservation. But nothing loir the Rebel more, than a new Pra- uile which he had with the Pnpiih Lords, whereby he tm;,': hed the King with a juf r occaGonto la\ bimopentd theMinifters, and the reft of the Su5)ects, in his proper colours, as one that was not ted by .1 /cal to Religion , though under that difguifc he masked liis Ambitious Endt. In fine, being defpifed by the Queen of I ng- l.tnd, and Excommunicated by the Knrk for ioyningwith the Po- pifh Lords, he was reduced to lueh a milerable condition, that DC neither knew whom to truft. nor where to live. Betrayed by thofi of his own Party, ( by whom his Brother Hemilcs w.\b impeached] difcovercd,and at laft brought to Execution in the Street' at I ' r- borokgh) he tied for flielter into tranie\ where finding lorry en- tertainment , he removed into spun, and afterwards retired to Na« plet% in which he (pent the fhort remainder of his Lite in Con tempt and Beggery. 4.1. About this time one of the Minifters, named lUfi, uttered divers Trcafonableand Irreverent fpeeches againit His M.ijdty, in a Sermon of his preached at Perth; for which the King craved Ju- fticc of the next Ailembly: and he required this alio or them, That to prevent the like for the times enfuwg , the Ministers fiottld he inhibited by fonte Titbltc^ Order , jrovt uttering any irreverent Jpecches m the Pulpit, againjt His Majcjiy's Perjon, Council, orFjtatc, under the pain of Deprivation. This had been otten moved before % and was now hearkned to with as little care as in former time All which the King got by it, was no more but this, that Kojje was only admoniihed to fpeak fo reverently of His Majcfty for the time- to come, as might give no )uft caufe of complaint agafnft him. As ill (ucccfi he had in the next Ailembly; to which be recom- mended lome Conditions about the pafling of the Sentence of Lx- communication'; two of which were tothis effect : t. 'That none 'fhould be excommunicated for Civil caules , for any Crimes of Height importance, or for particular wrongs offered to the Mini- sters, left the Cenlure fhould tall into contempt. 2. That no 'fummary Excommunication (hould be thenceforth 11 fed , but that • lawful citations of the Parties Ihould go betore , in all manner of 'Caufes whatioevcr. To both which, he received no other An- fwer, but That the Points were of too great weight to be deter- mined on the fudden , and fhould be therefore agitated in the next Ailembly. In the mean time it was provided , ThatnoSum- mary Lxcommunication fhould be uled, but in fuch occafions in which the Safety of the Church leemedtobe in danger. Which 1 xception much difplcafed the King, knowing that they would Kkk fern *595 I506. $ §4 3C!je i^tftojp cf t\)z i&jesbpterians;* Lib. ix. ferve their turn by it, whenfoever they pleafed. Nor fped he bet- ter wfth thern , when he treated fcverally, than when they were in the Aflembly. The Queen of England was grown old , and he defired to be in good terms with all his Subjects, for bearing down all opposition which might bemadeagainft his Title after her de- ceafe. To which end he deals with Robert Bruce , a Preacher of Edenborough , about the calling home the Popifh Fiords, men of great Power and Credit in their feveral Countreys, who had been banifhed the laft year for holding iome intelligence with the Ca- tholick King: Bruce excepts only againft Huntley , whom the King feemed to favour above all the reft; and politively declared, 7/W the King mttji lofehim^ if he called home Huntley 3 for that it was impojfible to fyep them both. And yet this Bruce was reckoned for a Moderate man, one of the'quieteft and beft-natur'd of all the Pack. What was the iflue of this bufinefs3 we Ifiall fee here- after. 42. In the mean time, let us pais over into France, and look upon the Actions of the Hugonots there, of whofe deferring their new King, we have fpoke of before: And though they after- wards afforded him fome Supplies both of Men and Money, when they perceived him backed by the Queen of England, and thereby able to maintain a defenfive Warr without their affiftance 5 yet they did it in fo poor a manner, as made him utterly defpair of getting his defired Peace by an abiblute Victory. In which per- Elexity he beholds his own fad condition , his Kingdom wafted y a long and tedious Warr, invaded, and in part pofleffed by the Forcts of ipain '-> new Leagues encreafing every day both in ftrength and number, and all upon the point of a new Election, or other wife to divide the Provinces amongft themfelves.To prevent which , he reconciles himfelf to the Church of Rome, goes per- fonally to the Mafs^ and in all other publick Offices which con- cerned Religion , conformed himfelf unto the directions of the Pope. And forfo doing, he gives this account to Wilkj , the Queen's Ambaflador, fent purpofely toexpoftulate with him upon this occafion •■> that is to fay, That Eight hundred of the Nobility, and no fewer than Nine Regimentsof the Proteftant Party, who had put themfelves into the Service of his PredecefTor , returned unto their feveral homes, and could not be induced to ftay with him upon any perfwaiions. That fuch of the Proteftantsas he had taken at the fame time t6 his Privil-Council, were fb intent on their ownbufinefs, that they feJdom vouchfafed their prefence at the Council-Table: fothat being already forfaken by thofe on whom herelyed. and fearing to be forfaken by the Papifts alfo, he was forced f 6 run upon th*it courfe which unavoidable neceffity had compelled him to; and finally, that being thus neceflitated to a change of Religion., he rather chofe tomakeitlook like his own free Aft, that he might thereby free the Doctrine of the Prote- ftants from thofe- Afperfions which "he conceived mult otherwife needs hav the Nephew of Catharine 5 who did not only curb the Conjiftorians in the exercife of their Difcipline, butquefti- onedmanyof thofc Priviledges which the unwarineis of his Prede- 1(-9. ceiTbrs had indulged unto them. The Calvinians had by this time made fo ftrong a Party , that they were able to remonferate againft: their Prince ? complaining in the fame, That the Earl had violated their Priviledges, and infringed their Liberties : That he had inter- pofed his Power againft Right and Reafon , in matters which con- cerned the Church^and belonged to the Confiftory. That he aflumed untohimfelf the Power of distributing the Alms or publick Colle- ctions by which they ufe to bind the poor to depend upon thera.That he prohibited the exercife of all Religions, except only the Confef» fion of Ausberg : And that he would not ftand to the Agreement which was made betwixt them, for interdicting all Appeals to the Chamber oispires. Having prepared the way by this Remonftrance, they take an opportunity when the Earl was abfent , arm themfelves, and feize by force upon his Caftle, demolinbed part of it which looks toward the Town, and poffeft themfelves of all the Ordnance,Arms, and Ammunition, with an intent hereafter to employ them againft him. And this being done, they govern all Aflairs in the Name of the Senate, without relation to their Prince j making themfelves a Free-Eftate, or Commonwealth, like their Belgick^ Neighbours, ... 45- Ex* Lib. IX. JEiic'jrftojpcf thpf: rteriin&i ir? 4%. Kxtrcamlv mov .:.rout, ami I wile to leducerhcm to a lenfeot their duty , heborru Arsis trom/* ..(•, to compel them loir. W'iih which aiiiiu:-. , he crci i .i l onion the further fide of tho Haven, to [pail theii l;i niul, by impnvciiihing the people, to regain the- [own. 1 he Scaare licit upon tend abroad their Edicts to the Nobility and Commo:; of l-br/ijl :>:J it I t. icijuiimg them not to aid theii own I'tince, with Men Arms, or \lonev u hi earning them, if th the contra; v. to hop the courte or all Pioviliom Vfhich they hadfi. their Citj i ond, by breaking down their Dams aid Sluo -. tolct the Ocean in upon them, and drown-all their Countiey. Which done, \ make their Aj plications to the States ot Holland rcquu fogtbeii aililtance in that common Caulc. to U hich they had been fflofi I ncoti- rjgeel by their Examples not doubting ot their I- avour toa City of their own R cligion, unite ii to i he in bv a long inteicouik ot Trade, and rclcmblji..c ot Manncis; and not to be dcleited I u ith- outamanifclt betray ingot then own Security. All t hi- the- States had under their conlideiation. lint they coulider this uithall, "I hat ir they Ihoulel aililr the Embdcners in a publickwny, the Eat! would prclcntly have iccourfetor tome aid from the Spaniard, which might draw a Warr upon them on that lide where they lay molt open. Therefore they lo contriveel the matter, with Iik h Art and Cunning, that carrying themlc Ives no othcrwile than as Arbiters and llmpiies bet ween the Panics , they discharged lome Companies ol Soldi. which they had in /.' eft- FncJJjud,\vho prelently put themlc Ives into the Pay or' t lie T.mbdcns. and thereby caulcdthc I. ail to tlelilt from his Intrenchmcnts onthe other lide or the Haven. Alter which fol- low eel nothing but Warrs and Troubles between the City and the Earl, till the year 1606. At what time, by the Mediation of the F-nglrJb Amballador, and fome other Honourable Friends, the diller- enecs u ere compromiled to this effect. : That all the Ordnance, Arms, and Ammunition, which were found m the Cattle , lhould be reltoied unto the Earl. That he fhould have to his own ufe the whole Prolitot the Impolts which were laid on Wines and half the benefit of thole Amercements or Fines which lhould be raited upon Delinquents, together with the folc Royalties bothot I ilhing and Hunting. And,ontheothertide, That the Imbdcncrs lhould have free 1 l.uie :, with all the Profits and Emoluments belonging to it, which lhould be granted to them by Letters Patents. But for admit- ting him to in) part of the Publick Government , or making relti- tutionof hi< Howie or Caltles. the ancient Sc\it of hisabodc, asthere was nothing ycelded or agreed on then, lo could he never get pollcl- lionof them from that time to this. Which laid, we mult crob over Mil intothe Illeof Enttain, where welhall lind the Ettgli/l r*ri- t it:s climbing up by fame new devices, and the Scottijh Presbyterians tumbling down tromtheir former height, till they weie brought al- mott to as low a tall as their Englijb Brethren. K k k AERWS ??9 A E R I V S R E D I V I V V S O R The Hiftory O F T H E PRESBYTERIANS Lib. X. Containing A Relation of their riots and Pratfifes in the Realm of England ; Their horrible Injotencies , Treajons , and Seditions , in the King- dom of Scotland ^ from the Tear 159$, to the Tear 1603. iHF. Fnghj)t ruritans having fped lb ill in a courfe of vio- lence, were grown lb wile as to endeavour the lub- verting or that Fort by an undermining, which they had no hope to take by ftorm or battery. And the (irft courle they fell upon, belldes the Artifices lately mentioned, for altering thepofturc or tflc Preach- er, in the S/>/7//e-Sermons •, and that which was intended as a con- fcquent to it, wastiicDelignof Dr. 'Bound, (though rather carried under his Name, than of his deviling ) tor leflening, by degrees-, the Reputation of the ancient Fcltivals. The Brethren hadtryed manv ways to fupprefs them formerly, as having too much inthem of the Superftttions of the Churchof Rome, but they had found no way fuccesful till they fell on tliik 3 which was, To let on foo: ionic new Sabbath-Dodhine 3 and by advancing the Aurho- rity 1 tvs t!)cmfelve5, though they had pinned their Conlciences on the Sleeves of the Scribes and Pharfes. But then withall , by bringing all forts of people into fuch a bondage, they did lo much improve their Power, and encreafe their Party, that they were able at the laft tooppofeEdeiis of the two next Kings, tor tolerating lawful Iportsupon that Day, and to confirm fome of their Sabbata- rian Rigors, by Ad of Parliament. 5. From this Delign, let us proceed to the next, which was brief- ly this. When the Cenevian-Engltfi) rcfblvcd to crcc~t their Difci- pline, it was thought i c juilite to prepare the way unto it, by intro- ducing xheCalviuun Do&rincsof Predeftination, that lo men's Judg- ments being formed and poilelled by the one, they might the more L 1 1 cafiiy 14* ©Jt IjJittojpof tjje y?egbpreriang> Lib, x. eafily be enclined to embrace the other, fo long connived at by the Supream Governours of the Church and State , to which they were exceeding lerviceableagainft the Pope $ that in the end thofe Do- ctrines which at firft were counted Aliens , came by degrees to be received as Denizens, andatlaftasNrf/z'z/e/. For being luppofed to contain nothing in them contrary to Faith and Manners , they were firft commended to the Church as probable, next impofed as necejja- ry-> and finally, obtruded on the people as her Natural Doctrines. And poffibly they might in time have round a general entertainment beyond all exception, if the Calvinian-fymt ( being impatient of the leaft oppofition ) could have permitted other men to enjoy that liberty which they had took unto themfelves, and not compelled them to Apologize in their own defences, and thereby fhew the .Rea- sons of diflentingfrom them. One of the firft Examples whereof, ( for I pafs by the branglings between Champney and Crowley, as long fince forgotten ) was the complaint of Travers to the Lords of the Council, againft incomparable Hooker. In whom he faulteth this amongft other things. That he had taught another Doffrine ofPredefti- tiation, than what was hid down in the Word of God, as it was under- ftood by all the Churches which profejfed the Gofpel. To which it wasreplyed, by that learned man , "That the matter was not'uu cctered by him in a blind Alley , where, there was none to hear it jrt\; t inSL 34$ In c. thin and In pl«$ !■ thie'was never quarrelled for ittiJJ the year 1 59 <>, and then not qoar wiled for it, but in the per/on of (■uc /: ;rr> t. \\\u> :ii .1 SctrTM M. Afirta Church, had preacl fuch Docr/ines at. were not plcaiirfd unto Petty** t uhit.u re. and the reft of that Party. Pot which being queftioned and condemn- t cl to a [\ccantjt ion , he rather chofe to quit bis pi. ice in the tfoivei - lity, thnn to betray his own Univalent , and the Chureh of tn$- LivA. bya Retractation. 1 he reu of Mnr$i\ Followers, obi well pleaied with ihefe Haifa proceedings, begin to [how then more pubiickly thanbefore they did \ which made 1 . think hhh- fclf obliged to appear mote \iublv in the head or his Company, and to encounter openly u it h Dr. /;/•//. nrc, whom he beheld as the Chief Leaderof the oppolite Forces. And the Heats grew (b high at lalt, that the Cahimans thought it necillaiv, in point of Pru- dence, to efle&thai by Power and Favour, which they could not obtain by force of Argument. To which end they hilt adelrclied t hemic! ves to the Lord rreafurer'gvr/eigA, then being their Chan- !or , with the elilhirbanccs made by K.irrct . thereby preparing him to hearken to luchifarthe* motions as (faould tie made by them in lunli.it ot that Quarre I. 7. But finding little comfort there , they reiblved to freer t heir conrfc by another Compals. And having pre-pollelt the molt tVeVer- etld Ateh-bilhon White/ ft with the turbulent carriage of thole men, the Affronts given to Dr. ll'Lit.n ri,,whom( tor his learned and labo- rious Writings agamft Cardinal Bct/arminc ) he molt highly favour- ed ; and the great Inconveniences like to grow by that publick Dif- COrd; the J gave themfelvcs good hopeot compofing thofc differ- ences . not by way ot an Accommodation, but an abfolute Conqueff. And to this end they difpatched to him certain of their number, in the name of the it It , Inch as were interelrcd in the Quarrels. ( Dr. Wkrt*cr?him&\£ tor one, and therefore like to Itirrjmd for obtain- ing their Fuels ). The Articles to which they had reduced the Whole true of the bulinefs , being ready drawn, and there wanting no- thing to them but the F'accof Authority, wherewith, as with A/cJh- fa\ Head, to confound their Enemies, and turn their Adverlaries into (rones. And that they might be lent back with the Face of Autho- rirv. the moll Reverend Arch-bifbof) , calling unto him Dr. hlecber, Bilhop of Brijiol. then newlv elected unto London \ and Dr. Richard 1'av^h.in, LordEledof Bangor; together with Dr.Tr/W4/3 \j^.\m of Efy\ Dr. v.'kitu re, add the reft of the Divines which came from Ci'.-.'briJgi, propoied the fiid Articles to their confideration , at his Houie id Lam he tbj onthetenthof Novembers by whom thele Arti- cles (from thenceforth called therVltfe Articles of Lambeth} were preieni reedupon, and lent down to Cambridge not as the Do of the Church, but as a necellary Expedient to compofe thole differences which had been railed amongft the Students of that University. And to much was acknowledged by the Arch-bifhop If, when he was queftioned by the Queen for his actings in it. I- or lb it was, that the Queen being made acquainted with all that I II 2 paflied, 1,1, ~ " " ^ ' *" " ' " "' '■ ■■■■'■ ■ ' ■ ■ ■ I 344 %i)t i£ifto?p cf tl)t ffi?cgbpteriang^ Lib.x. pafled, became exceedingly offended at the Innovation:, and was upon the point of cauiing all of them to be attainted in a JV^w«- ttire'-) but by the mediation of fbme Friends of Whitgifts^ and the high opinion which (he had of his Parts and Perfon , ihe was wil- ling to admit him to his defence. And he accordingly declared , in all humble manner , "That he and his Aflbciateshnd not made any " Canons, Articles, or Decrees, with an intent that they (hould fervc "hereafter for a (landing-Rule to dirccl: the Church $ but only had "refblved on fbmePropofitions tobefenttoCrf/^Wg , for quieting " fome unhappy differences in that Univerfity. With which Anfwer Her Majefty being fomewhat pacified, commanded notwithstanding, That he fhould fpeedily recall and fupprefs thofe Articles: Which was performed with fuch Care and Diligence, that a Copy of them was not to be found for along time after. 8. As for the Articles themfelves, they were fo contrived, that both the Sabbatarians, and the Supra-lapfarians , (very confideia- bly at odds amongfl: themfelves) might be theltred under them, to the intent that both may be fecured from the common Adverfary. Which Articles I find tranflated in thefe following words, viz,. I. God from Eternity hath prcdeflinated certain men unto life \ certain men he hath reprobated. II. The moving or efficient Caufe of Vredefiinationuntolife, is not the fore- fight of Faith, or of Verfeverance , or of Good Works , or of any thing that is in the perfon predefiinated j but only the Good Will aud Pleafure of God. III. There is predetermined a certain number of the Prede- Jltnate, which can neither be augmented nor diminifljed. IV. Thofe who are not predejiinate to falvation , ffjallbe ne- ceffarily damned for their fins. V. A true ) livings and jujlifying-f ait h ) and the Spirit of God justifying , is not extinguiflied,falleth not away , itvanifij- eth not away in the EleB, either totally, or finally. VI. A man truly faithful '■> that is, fuch an one who is endu- ed with a jvftifying'faith $ is certain, with the full ajfurance of Faiths of the remij/ion of his fins , and of his everlafiing falva- tion by Chrift. VII. Saving-Grace is not given, is not granted , is not com- municated to all men , by which they may be javed if they will Vin. No man can come untoChriJi , unlefs it be given unto him , and unit fs the Father ffjall draw him , and all men are not H drawn by the Father , that they may come to the Son, IX . It is not in the will or power of every one , to be faved. 9. Such were the Articles of Lambeth , fb much infilled on by thofe of the Calvinian Faction, in fucceeding times, as comprehend- ing in them the chief Heads of Calvin's Dodrrine, in reference to the points of the Divine Election and Reprobation 5 of Univerfal Grace, L>b. X^ 1. Of til. P>£ u^ Grace, and the impofubiltf) ol a total 01 ing from i' l juftitying-faith s which were the fub tl Controvcrl s I tw'ut i nc !u>i tun cl ' tik this molt llevuend Aich-biihopiu ihelilt of tl ving thatbcqould not othcrwjfc 1. d to thofi An if he had not beei the fame Opinion. /\nd polBble ii that he might not lo far into them, as to con dei tl ill i quencc - :h might follow pn them ^ 01 t'.i.it he might prefer i pacifying of fotne prcfcnt Dill , before the a pprehcnfi n ol fuch Inconveniences as were more remotes oreHe, according to the ailtomor all luehas be in Authority, hcthought it i to prclerve tyhktcre in power and cr< ainftallluch as did op- pole him; the Merit and Abilities oh the mart being very eminent. rot if this Argument wer^e good] itmightas logically be intern Th.u he was a J MelantihonUn at theleaft, inthelepcin of Doctrine, becauje In. ■ eountenaneed thole : ad fdledly had oppofed the CalviriUm* In which rel as he took part with titokfr at the Council-Table, againft the Com- plaints and Informations of 1 rivers , as before is laid 5 (bherecei- ved into his fervicc Mr. Samuel Harfyet} then being one of the I'e! •■ Iqws ol ¥emhralg-\ld\\) who in a Sermon preached at St. P.nrf's Crofs , thc27//jor" October, 1^84 , had fodillccted the whole Zuin- glUn Doctrine of Reprobation , as made it fecm molt ugly in the ears of his Auditors , as after wards in the eyes of all Spectators, when it came to be Printed Which man he did not only entertain as his Chaplain at large , but ufed his Service in his Howe, i r- vant in ordup) y - employed him in many or his Affairs; and finally, commended him to the care of King 'JAMES j by whom he Was firit made Matter of Vtmbrok&~ Hall, and afterwards preferred to the See of Cb/cbefter, from thence translated to Norwich 3 and at laft to lark. 1 . No lefs remarkable was this year for the repairing of the Crols in c/jc.tp-Jnlc ; which having been defaced in the year 158!;, 1 . ontinuedever (ince,was now thought fit to be rettored to its former beaut v. A Crols it was of high cltccm. and or goodAnti- Iby K. Edward the Hr ^, Anno 129O2 in honour of Queen beloved Wife, whofe Body had there refted, as It v. ren tothe . of her Burial. But thjsCroG being much dc- ■'v , Lord Mayor ot '44'j procured leave of li.HENKT th.e ^//j,to take it down, and to rc-edi- fie the lame in more beautiful manner, for the greater honour of the City. Which leave being granted, and 2CO hundred Fodd< r of Lead allowed him toward the beginning of the Work, it \. 1 Qcuri- oufly wrought at the ch I diver-- wealthy Citi/:- forned • h man) and malFie Images 5 but more especially advanced tntileence of John Mercer, tve Six hundred Ma the finilhing of it. The whole St: being reared in :ar of K. HENRI the ~ nno 1 4865 was alter gilded L-jr 1 5 . ior the entertainment of the Emperor L1I 3 ■ CHARLES %ty li?iao?poftftcP?cgi3Ptmang» Lib, x. CHARLES the fifth ; new burnished againft the Coronati on of Queen Anne Bit/Ien, Anno 15^9 } d? afterwards at the Coronation of King EDWARD the fixth: and finally , atthe Magnificent Pveceptionof King PHILIP, 1554. And having for fo long time continued an undefaced Monument of Ghriftian Piety, was quarrelled by the Puritans of the prefent Reign } who being emulous of the Zeal of the Frcxch Calvwians , whom they found to have demolifhed aJl Crofles wherefoever they came, they caufed this Oofs to be pre- sented by the Jurors in ieveral Ward- Motet , for (landing in. the H igh- way, to the hindering of Carts, and other Carriages : but find- ing no remedy in that courfe, they relblved to apply themfelves un- to another. In purfuance whereof, they firfrfet upon it inthenight, June 21, Anno 1581, violently, breakingand defacing all the loweft images, which were placed roundabout the fame } that is to fay, the Images of ChriiYsRcfurrec'tion.of the Virgin MART, K. EDWARD the Confeflbr. &c. But more particularly, the Image of theblefled Virgin wasat that time robbed of her Son, and her Arms broke by which fhe held Him in her Lap, and her whole Body haled with Ropes, and left likely to fall. Proclamation presently was'made, with promife of Reward to anyone that could or would difeover the chief Actors in it. But without effect. t 1. In which condition it remained till this prefent year, when the faid Image was again faftned and repaired} the Images of Chrift's Refurrection,and the reft, continuing broken, as before. And on the Eaft lide of the faid Crofs where the fteps had been, was then fet up a curious wrought Tabernacle of gray Marble, and in the fame art Alablafter Image of Diana, from whofe naked Breafts^here trilled continually fome ft reams of Water „ conveyed unto it from the ihantes. But the madnefs of this Faction could not fo be frayed} for the next year ( that I may lay all things together which concern this Crofs) anewmifhapen Son, as born out of time., all naked, was put into the Arms of the Virgin's Image, to ferve for matter of derifion to the common people. And in the year 1599, the figure of the Crofs, erecledonthe top of the Pile, was taken down by Publick Order, under pretence that otherwife it might have fallen, and en- dangered many} with an intent to raife a Pyramis or Spire in the place thereof: which coming totheknowledg of the Lords of the Council, they directed their Letters to the Lord Mayor then be- ing, whom they required in the Queen's Name to caufe the faid Crofs to be repaired and advanced as formerly. But the Crofs ftill remaining headlefs for a year and more, and the Lords not enduring any longer fuch a grofs Contempt, they re-inforced their Letters to the next Lord Mayor, dated December 24, in the year 1600. In which they willed and commanded him, in purfuance of her Maje- sty's former Directions, to caulethe (aid Croft, without more de- lay, to be re-advanced $ refpecting, in the fame, the great Antiquity and continuance of that ftately Monument, erected for an Enfignof our Chriftianity. In obedience unto which Commands, a Crofs was forthwith framed of timber.cover'd with J|ad,and fet up and gilded} and Lib* X. £, ?47 and the whole body of the Pi ' :> tilth i biffa : Which gavciuch frofli (ure to xalouj that within twel . r , ih died V'iti , In. i ( Head; difpolieifii i ol hcmakedC tticl !r.t! I in to the br< ■ , Moftil i :. Fu the b( ginning oJ the \ j vanced to the Cuftod) ol the G\ ccllorint. I itleot" Lord K< epei ■ u w;: 'ted GQ the !;\th or ;I///,to ihfl r.g who alu .i\ i i lover of 1-c. : vourerof the Clergy, zeal oujfort ind a faithful Friend unto I Peer< Iwh i cl ! ord Chancellor, and the L oi the good-VBtHof the Lord Tre. diner .. the I- nendlhip ol v rl Cicil , . ed than ew lajelly . rathe burden ©( tir: told hitrt. It il'ould kill on his Soul and C any thing fell out ami! in that by rcafunoi ■cihei ' toeafeber i that part oi her >and ioi aid yeeld an ac- couot thereof to Almight) I er, be r all in all, tor ail Chi:ich-Aluii>. . ijipo (mgsof Bifhopr ieks , and o ■! er 1 pclcl ! i romotK or hi firit cntranccon whieh hull. I i.'fkom n to the See of Warctfttty who rect pilcopal ConJ i toon the i$t£of "]u>h. Ar.no i andb) his I I fed within iwoy< i i to the Church ol ff'M need, i olci F i en< ntijt- to the SteoJ /#/. rvhom confecrated on tbe &/6of //.//, .*i*9M597] 'ha* iu might a] ■ him . im for Advice and Counfel. Which Famous I i hit- note this b) theway) wa$ bo: n at i.:rnuortl.\ U)ti , Baptized Scpieptber 1544. H*s '• v r< ; I -.ntltmatii his Mother. //.;;•) t.v/». • te i of '/;. Brother of llnj. Curn-b:, Bilhop ol exotj y whole ejideft Son the bather 6J Dr.Jokn u.imrojt^w l dyedBi- fhopof l lat ! '. But this Richard^ ot whom now \. being | - bi Llnkle, Dr.Cgmpi*, in CI ollcd^ in tt ami removed to jf^W coUcdg^ in the lame Uni- other was lulpeCted to incline to Koucl/jw, I I UnkleiQr.Orrn 1 tig preferred tothe Arch-bilhopn.k of £>//£- made biro a Preoendof thatChuich: after whole death, he be- ne Chaplain t. bithopol /•'/>. whogavehinui. I' it tar fiomCambridg, jiejngthufi put into the Koad . Pr, it, he proceeded. Batchellpx ol Divinity, sinno 1 <>8o: and Do ' : S -S I About u hidi ti. :>ittut;. bj . to St. r.;*/, in AW. I ^48 %\)t lfofto*p of tfo P>;e3bpterian9u Lib, x. 13. About this time brake out the Juglingsof *]ohnDdrrel^ who without any lawful Calling;, hadfetupa new Trade of Lecturing in the Town of Nottingham: and, to advance fome Reputation to his Perfon, pretends an extraordinary Power in cafting out Devils. He practifed firft on one Catharine Wright, An. 1 5 86.But finding fome more powerful Practifes to be then on foot, in favour of the Presby terian Discipline, he laid that Project by till all others failed him. But in the year 1592, he refumesthe Practife, hoping to compafs that by Wit and Legerdemain, which neither Cartwright by his Learning, nor Snape by his Diligence, Fenry by his Seditions, or Hacket by his damnable Treafons, had the good fortune to effect. He firft begins with William Summers > an unhappy Boy, whom he firft met at Jfliby de la Zouch, in the County of Him he inftructs to do fuch Tricks, as might make him feem to bepofleft} acquaints him with the manner cf the Fits which were obferved by Catharine Wright^ delivers them in writing to him, for his better remembrance, wifhed him to put the fame in pra&ife, and told him. that in lb doing he fhould not want. But either finding no great forwardnefs in the Boy to learn his Lellbn , or being otherwife difcouraged from pro- ceeding with him 5 he applies himfelf to one Thomas Darling , com- monly called, The Boy of Burton, Anno 1596 , whom he found far more dextrous in his Diffimulations 5 the Hiftoryof whofe Poflef- fingsandDifpolleffings, was writ at large by JeJJeBee, a Religious fadLyar^ contracted by one Denifon-> aCountrey-Minifter, Seen and Allowed by HilderjJjam^ one of the principal fticklers in the Caufe of Presbytery) and Printed with the good leave and liking of Varrel himfelf} who growing famous, by this means, rerrfembers Sum' nters his firft Scholar } to whom he gives afecond meeting at the Park of Afoby, teacheth him to aft them better than before hedidj {ends him to teethe Boy at Burton, that hemigjit learn him to be- have himfelf on the likeoccafions. And finding him at lait grown perfect, fends him to Nottingham , with intimation that he fhould make mention of him in his tits. Darrel is hereupon madv Lecturer of the Town cf Nottingham, (that being the Fi(h for which he ang- led J as being thought a marvellous Bug tofcare the Devil. And though he had no lawful Calling in that behalf} yet was this given out te be fb comfortable a Vocation, and fo warrantable in the fight of God, that very few Minifters have had the like } there being no Preacher fetled there (as he gave it out ) fince her Majeft y*s Reign $ as if neither Parfons, nor Vicars, nor any that bear fuch Popifli Names, might pafs for Preachers. 14. After this, he pretends occafion for a journey to Lancaflire$ where he finds feven women pofleft with Devils , and out of every one of them was affirmed to have caft as many as had entred intoMary Magdalen. Of this he publiftied a Book , Anno l6co , though the Exploit was done in this prefent year. Anno 1597. Thefe things be- ing noifed abroad by his Confederates, this extraordinary Faculty of cafting out Devils, was moft highly magnified and cryed up both in Sermons and Printed Pamphlets , as a Candle lighted by God upon LibTx! fCftc IDiftojp Of tftejc rterhn^ 7~9 upon a Candle-flick in the heart and Center of th< ! ■ . And no fmall hopes were built tijion it, t! ould prove a matter ol great confequc nee as ever did ai Worktl itrni Lord gai traordiuaril) - lince the time that He refrored the Gofpel, and a pro- fitable to all that prorefi the knowledgol Chrift. Now what this Plot was, ma) appear by this \ Vlr More one of Mi. DamPs great Admirers and Cbrnparrfon^ vrz. 7/ it nl.cn a rr.ijcr tcoa read ont\ef the Common'- Prayer- Boo^t in the / of thofe which n tin I ancamirc, the DevtUintbem roereuttU Moved with it: but aftern irds, xrhen Mr. Darrtliandoxe I\lr. I.) icon., did fiver* fuck Tracers as for tht\ t titration they had \ vecL then (faith he) the tricked Spirits rcere much more tron or rat icked Spirits did much more torment the Panics).- W//- tlc do premeditated Vrajfers which are readout of [a Boo fa and Jo ex- ireamly dj* extemporary and conceived rrayerstor/tient the Devil. 1 ,. But Summers, atthelaft grown wearj of his frequent Cotm- terfcitings, tired out with hi (Tines , dilpojlc flings, and repofli I tings'-) and in that Fit discovers ailtobebutFdrgeries, and to ha \ c been » Confederacy. D.irrcl/ deals with him to revoke his (aid Confeflj toavoiditbyfomerhiftsadi(creditsit byfalfe Reports^ and finally^procurcs a Cor- 1 from the Arch-bifhop of lork , ( to w hole Province Nottfy ngcth) to examine the bufinels. A Commiflion is thereupon directed to JohnThora/eL r.\l}\ Sheriff of theCounty: Sir Jof.r: Byron^ Knight; 'jc/.n St.tnhop, £kc. (moft of them being DarrcL's Friends ) tl , million exe- cuttd^March 20 : nofewer thah i. en Wittoefies examined by it, and the rvetuinismr.de, Thathe wJs no Counterfeit. Bui the Boy Hands to it for all that ; and on the lad of the fine Morith COO" feiktli before the Mayor of Nottingham, and certain J unices of the Peace, the whole conn ivement of the Plot 5 and within three days after, afts all his Tricks before the Lord Chief Jufrice, at the publick Affizes. Upon this news the Boy of Burton alio makes the like Confefllon : D.irrcl! thereupon is convented by the High Com- miflioner: tbeth^ and by them committed; his Friends and Parti/ens upon that Commitment are in no fmall Fury; which nct- hftanding heand one of his Aflbctatc receive their Cenfure* little br nothing u^ClA by'thq Exclamations of his Friends and Follow- ers, who bitterly inveighed againft the Judgment, and the Judges too. To itill whole Clamours fo malicioufly and unjuftlv railed, the ftorv of thele leud Impoftovs is writ by Harjhct, then being theDo- mcftjck Chaplain of Arch-bifhop ll'htt^ft\ by whom collected faithfully putpf the Depositions of the Parties and Witnefles, and liluea in the year next following, Anno 1599. In the lame year brake out the Controverfte touching c^r///',- 2 -t , maintained by theChnrcriof England in the litteral fenie- that i> tofiy, Thai the Soul of Chrift being feparated from his Bo- dy , did locally de Lend into the ncthcrmofr Hell, to the end that he it m.inifelt the clear light of his Power and Glory, to the- King- of Darknels, triumphing over Satan, as before he dido ri m Oe I Tso™" %$i iftiftojp cf tyt $it$hyitmxi$. Lib, x. Death and Sin. For which, confult the Book of Articles, Art. 4. the Homily of the Refurrection , fol. 195. and Novel's Paraphrafe on that Article, as it ftands in the Creed , publifhed in his Authorized • Catechifm,^«»0 1572. But Calvin puts another lenfe upon that Ar- ticle, and the Genevian-Englifj muft do the fame : For Calvin under- ftands by Chrift's defcending into Hell, that he fuffered in his Soul ( both in the Garden of Gethfemanie, and upon the Croft ) all the Torments of Hell, even to abjection from God's Pretence, andDe- fpair it (elf. Which horrid Blafphemy , though balked by many of his Followers in the Forreign Churches, was taken up, and very zealouOy promoted by the Englijfj Puritans. By thefe men general- ly it was taught in Catechifms, and preached in Pulpits, That true it was, that the death of Chrift Jefuson the Crofs, and h^ bloodfhed- ding for the remiffionof our fins, were the firft caule of our Re- demption. But then it was as true withall. That he muft and did fuffer the death of the Soul, and thofe very pains which the damned do in Hell, before we couldberanfbmed from the Wrath of God: and that this only was the defcentof Chrift into Hell, which we are taught by Chrift to believe. But more particularly, it was taught by Banijier , That Chrift being dead , defcended into the place of everlafting Torments, wherein his Soul he endured for a time the very Torments which the damned Spirits without intermiflion did abide. By Paget * in his Latin Catechifra, That Chrift alive upon the Crofs, humbled himfelf , ufque ad Inferni tremenda tormenta, even to the moft dreadful Torments of Hell. By Gifford and the HouJIwld- Catechifm , That Chrift fuffered the Torments of Hell , the fecond death, abjection from God, and was made aCutle,/.e. had the bit- ter anguifhof God's Wrath in his Soul and Body , which is the fire that fhall never be quenched. Carlijle more honeftly , not daring.to avouch this Dodrrine3 nor to run crofs againft the Dictates of his Mattery affirmed , That Chrift defcended not into Hell at all. and therefore, that this Article might be thought no otherwife thai as an Error and a Fable. 17. The Doctrine of the Church being thus openly rejected^ upon fome Conference that pafled between Arch-bifhop Whitgift, and Dr. Thomas Bilfon> then ftiihoip of Winchefleri, it was jefolved, That Bifhop Bilfon in fome Sermons at St. Paul's Crofs , and other places, fhould publickly deliver what the Scriptures teach touch- ing our Redemption by the death and blood-fhedding of Chrift Je- fus the Son of God, and his defcending into Hell. This he accor- dingly performed in feveral Sermons upon the words of the Apo- ftle, viz. God forbid that I JJjould glory in any thing but in the Crofs of our Lord Jefus Chrift, whereby the world is crucified unto me , and I unto the world, Gal. 6. 14. In profecuting of which Text, he dif- courfed at large as well concerning the contents, as the ejfeffs of Chrift's Crofs 3 and brought the point unto this ifTiie, that is to fay, Thatno Scripture did teach the death of Chrift's Soul, or the Pains of the damned, to be requipte in the Terfon of Chrift before he could be our Kanfomer , and the Saviour of the World. And becaufe the proofs Lib. X. ■JEhetyifto.'pof thep:is )rri(lll ?5I - — — *-- — ; 7 — proofs pretenaedfot this point , might be thn ions, that Chrift fhouM (ufferthofe pains; Cm hcrauftlufl i tUnuand figms that be did fuffer them j Helikewifc infiftedon .ill three, and (hewed, there were no fiich Predi&iom Cattfes^i v/9 df the true pains of Hell to befuffered in the Soul of Chrift before he could five us. And next, as touching Chrift nt into Hell, it was de- clared , lh.it i'j the courfe of the Creed it ought not to be r to Chrift living, hut to Chrift hting dead: jhovpin \ • , \l ' ( > ■,,.. which Chrift S M.inhoo d h.tcl . i fienJe.it h over all I h of darkn dec Lived by his ReJurrecJion, when he aroje Lord ovet all hh I nemie/, in its own rerfom, heath. He'll, and s.nan not t Kctpted 5 ami had ti (th.it is, all Power) of Death gnd Hell 5 delivered to bin ' .•/ thofe in Heaven^ Earth, and hi: II. J/'.onld Jloof- unto him , and be Jub; to the Strength and Glory of his Kingdom. And this he proved to be the true and genuine meaning of that Article, both from the Scrip- tures and the Fathers; and jultilied it for the Doctrine of the Church of f: ngl.MiL by the Book of Homili 18. But let the Scriptures, and the Fathers, and the Book of Ho- rn: lea, teachm what they plcafe , Calvin was otherwiie refblvcd, and his Determination mure be valued above all the reft. For.no fooncr were tin. fe Sermons Printed, but they were presently impugn- ed by a Humorous Treatise, the Author whereof is {aid to have urt I ; loofly, as if he neither had remembred what the Hilliop uttered, or cared much what he was to prove. In anfwer wbefeunto, the Bi- (hop adds a fhort Conclulion to his Sermons, and lo lets him p.ifs. The Presbyterian Brethren take a new Alarum, Muft CT their Forces; compare their Notes , pnd fend them to the Author of the former Treatile. that he might publifh his Defence. Which he did accor- dingly 1 the Author being named Henry ~j.icob,a well-known Separa- ting Which Controverfie coming to the Queen's knowledg, being then at Farnham, ( a C;ifrle belonging to thcBifhopJ (he lignihed Ikr Pleafiire to him, Thathelhould neither defert the Doctrine, nor fuiFer the Function which he^exercifed in the Church of Eng- land, to be troddtnand trampled under-foot by unquiet men, who both abhorred the Truth, and defptfed Authority. On which Com- mand the Bifbod feti himfclf upon the writing of that Learned Treatile, entituled,jf Sarrveji of thrift's S*flcri*£t,fkc. although by reafon of aficknefsof two years continuance, it was not pubtrthed till the year 1604. The Controverfie after this was plyed more hotly in both llnivcrlitics , where the Bilhop's Dotirinc was main- tained, but publickly oppofedbf many or our Zealots both at home ^\u\ abroad. At home, oppofed byXtabriel Powcl, a ftiff Presbyteri- an. Abroad, by Brtmghtom: Firmer > and tome other Brethren of the Separation. After this, jufHftcdand defended by Dr. Hill ^ whom lames replyedunto in his Kcjoyndcr; asalfo, by another Parh^ry and man) more; till in the end the Brethren willingly furccalcd from the ptolecution of their former Doctrines, which they were not able tO maintain. And though thcChurch received lomc trouble upon occauon, yet by this means the Article of Chrift's Defcentbc* Mmru 2 came \ 5 1 %\)t lj)ifto?p cf tjie p2eSi)pterian& Lib. x. came more rightly underftood , and more truly ftated, according to the Doctrine of the Church of England, than either by the Church of Rome , or any of the Proteftant or Reformed Churches, of what Nameibever. 19. But while the Prelates of the Church were bulled upon thefe and the like Disputes, the Presbyterians found themfel ves ibme better work, in making Friends, and faftning on fbme eminent Patron to fupport their Caufe. None fitter for their purpofe than the Earl of Ejjex, gracious amongft the Military men , popular beyond meafure, and as ambitious of Command, as he was of Applaufe. He had his Education in the Houfeof the Earl of Leiceffler, and took to Wife a Daughter of Sir Francis Walfingham, as before is did, who fitted and prepared him for thofe Applications which hitherto he had neglect- ed, upon a juft fear of incurring the Qieen's Difpleafure. But the Queen being now grown old, the King of Scots not much regarded by the Englijlj , and very ill obeyed by his natural Subjects 5 he be- gan to look up towards the Crown; to which a Title was drawn for him, as the direct Heir of Thomas of Woodjloc^ Duke of Ghcefter, one of the younger Sons of R. EDWARD the third. This man the Puritans cry up with moft infinite Praifes, both in their Pulpits, and in their Pamphlets 3 telling him. That he was not only great in Honour , and the love of the people 3 but temporis expectations major , far greater in the expectation which his Friends had of him. And he accordingly applies himfelf to thofe of the Puritan Faction, admits them to Places of molt Truft and Credit about his Perfon, keeps open Houfe for men of thofe Opinions to refort unto, under pretence of hearing Sermons 5 and hearing bo Sermons with more zeal and edification, .than thofe which feemed to attribute a Power to Inferior Magiftrates for curbing and controlling their undoubted Soveraigns. Which cpeftionlefs mult needs have ended in gre"at difturbance to the Church and State, if he had not been outwitted by Sir Robert Cicil , Sir Walter Raveleigh, and the reft of their Par- ty in the Court •, by whom he waafirfr. itiifted over into Ireland, and at laft brought upon the Scaffold, not to receive a Crown, but to lofe his Head. Which hapned very opportunely for K. ^AMES of Scot- land, whole Entrance might have been oppofed, and his Title que- ftioned, if this Ambitious man had profpered in his undertakings,' \vhich he conducted generally with more Heat than Judg- ment. l%Q6. 20* ^nis brings me back again to Scotland. In which we left the King intent upon the expedition of a better Crown j and to that end refblved upon the Reftitution of the banifhed Lords:, who being advertifed of his purpofe, returned as fecretly as might be, offering to give good Security to live conformable to the Laws in •all peace and quietnefs. The King teems willing to accept it, and is confirmed by a Convention of Eftates, in thofe good Intentions. The News whereof gave fuch offence to thofe of the Kirk, that prefent- ly they aflembled themfelves at Edenborough, gave notice to the fe- veral Minifcers, of the prefent Dangers , and advifed them to excite theL I their Flocks to It In readfhefs, to thfc end tbey might oppbfc the/c Resolutions < t' r'ic King a:. I A «!:v,- tyas .:' > I t apari tor Humilfatioh, and On Tt tnmuntcate all fi/ch as cftht (Jf the f'opilh l.ou'v . i :;i|\iu) with them } . ' ,m- :iic\itioii tf. [v.- pa/fed . i ".the rirfrCitai . the urch feemed ro be in d: i ic rriif- crrier by tlic King fufpefted under that fxel ppoim :iHn i their C itnpany Should rcni.iin.it (' rdingto thenurnbei qt I fi Paris} uhoto with fbrrte pi ' : he ca K/r$: lid at- i Month! tl • rhat Prcjln'tcj i t fiom< mcj thi •uupon-takecounlU of the U !: I . And for the fifft Eftayof th( Authority',^ L6 ro/<, Prefidtnt of the SeffioUs, a^)p< thcirl'5 n .d nn •' 1 'ribuiul,by the S\ nod o! / tbUn , for keeping intc] ththe Earl of Muni rord v. hfclL with many irged hirnfelf, heWasmoftj ifly difrnifr. \\',;. thougftthe King Beheld as ah Example of moft dangi quetrce} yet, being WilHrtgro-oOfd fair with the f^irk, he connived :n it, till her ! tlum to be fixed orifb high a p'n Co carols to hib Commands and i'urpofes, that if Was time to take tl wn. He > tothetft, once tor all, That there could be no ho of any right underfi-andin;'. to be had I 1 them, during toe, keeping up of two^Jurifdicrioos, neithei .ding on th« oth< Thatintneit 1 ings they did ccnlure the Affairs of tie State and Council - coriVOcate feveral Aliemblies without his Licenles and there conclude what they thought good, without his Allowance and A- •■: obatfon: That in their Synods . Presbyteries, and particular S 1:. . they embraced all rtannet bf bufinefs, under colour of (cau- dal ; and. that without redtehof thefe M fdemcanors « therceitlkr was no Hopfc of I Agreement ^ or that the faid Agreement, when made, could be long kept by either Party. fci. The Mtn otbetfide, had their Grievances alfb* tliar h to lav, I >urs extended by his Majeftyto the Popiih I.o vitingof the L u!y //«»//f/ tothc IViptifm of thePri gthen at hand ; the committing of the Prioa theCullody of the Lady / on ; and the eftrangejnent of his Countenance froth them And though the King gave very fatisfaclory Arifwcrs'to all thele Complaints 5 yet could not the fu- ious or the kirk be thereby removed 5 everj :h tome great try 01 other, ihat the Papifh wei 1 QUted„irj the Courr, The Minifters troubled for the free rebuke of-fiq# and the Si ptet of Chrifl's Kingdom fought to be overthrown, Tnthemcan time it hapned, that one David Bla^e , one of the Minified 1 Andrews, had in a Sermon uttered divers Seditious Spc. A the M:um 3 King 354 " jC|)e^iQ:o?poftbe^ESbFteriang> Lib, x. King and Queen 5 as alfoagainft the Council, and the Lords of the Seffion : but more particularly, that as all Kings were the Devils Barns, fo the heart of K. JAMES was full of Treachery : That the Queen was not to be prayed for but for fafhion-fake, bccaule they knew that fhe would never do them good: That the Lords of the Coun- cil were corrupt, and takers of Bribes : and, that the Queen of Erg- land was an Atheiji, one of no Religion. Notice whereof being gi- ven to the Englijh Ambaflador, he complains of it to the Ring, and Blake is cited to appear before the Lords of the Council. Meivin makes this a common Caufe, and gives it out. That this was only done upon defign againft the Minifters, to bring their Doctrine under the cenlure and controlment of the King and Council 5 or at the leaft, ameer device to divert the Minifters from profecuting their juft Suit againft the coming and reception of the Popifh Lords} and that if Blake or any other fhould fubmit their Doctrines to the tryal of the King and Council, the Liberties of the Kirk would be quite fubverted. By which means he prevailed fo far on the reft of the Council, C I mean the Council of the Kirk) that they fent certain of their number to intercede in the bulinefs , and to declare how ill it might be taken with all forts of people, if the Minifters fhould now be called in queftion for fuch trifling matters , when the Enemies of the Truth were both fpared and countenanced. But not being able by this means to delay the Cenfure, it was advifed, that Blake fhould make his Declinatour ^ renounce the King and Council as incompetent Judges, and wholly put himfelf upon tryal of his own Presbytery. Which though it feemed a dangerous courfe , bymoftfbber men $ yet was it carryed by the major part of the Voices, as the Caufe of God. 22. Encouraged by this general Vote, and enflamedby Meivin, he prefents his Declinatour , with great confidence, at his next ap- pearance. And when he was interrogated , amongft other things, Whether the King might not as well judg in matters of Treafon , as the Kirk of Herefiel He anfwered , That fuppofinghehad fpoken Treafbn, yet could henotbefirft judged by the King and Council till the Kirk had taken cognizance of it. In maintenance of which proceeding, the Commiffioners of the Kirk direct their Letters to all the Presbyteries of the kingdom, requiring them to fubferibe the (aid Declinatour , to recommend the Caufe in their Prayers to God and to ftir up their feveral Flocks in defence thereof. This puts the King to theneceffity of publifhing his Proclamation of the Month of November. In which he firft lays down the great and manifold en- croachments of this new Tribunal, to the overthrow of his Authori- ty : The lending of the Declinatour to be fubferibed generally by all the Minifters : The convocating of the Subjects to affift their proceedings, as if they had no Lord or Superior over them 5 and in the mean time, that the Minifters forfake their Flocks, to wait on thefe Commiffioners, and attend their fervice: which being faid,he doth thereby charge the faid Commiffioners from acting any thing according to that deputation 5 commanding them to leave Eden- borough, Lib. x. JClirlDiftojp ot the pieSbptcriam w horouyh, to repair to tbcti fevcral Flocks, and to return no mot keeping fiich unlawful Meetings under pain of r\< . lifted another Procl.inutKKi.it the lame time alio . ! rons, Gentlemervand other Subjects, were commanded not to loyn with any of the Mmm icr in their Prekbytei Synods, other Kccleli.iirical Alkmblics. without Ins Licenle. Which not- withftandmg be was will in te thofc Edicts , and remit ha Atrion againO Lilly, it the Church would cither wave the Ut tunovp, or'ii they Would declare, at the Ictft. rhit it was noi .1 ge* neral, but a particular Declma$«i/,orcIieprclumingthat the Kingu not of a Spirit to hold out againft them$ or otherwifc infatuated to their own deftru&ion, reiblved, I hat both their Pulpits, and their Preacheri tOO. lhould be exempted totally from the King's Authoii- ty. In which Brave humour, they return this Aoiwet to hisPropofc tion, That thev reiblved to (land to their Declinstmr z unlefs the King would pals from the Summons, and remitting the purfuit to the Eccleijaftical ludg. That no Minister- (bould be charged roi his Preaching, atlcaft beforq the meeting of the 1 tn ral Ailem- Hv, which (hould be in their Power to call, as the) I cation. Which Anfuci Co dilplealed the King, that he charged the Commit fionersof the Kirk to depart the Town, and by a new Sumtno teth Bhke toappcar on the laft of November. This nils the Pulpit with Invectives againft the King s and that too on the day of the Princefss Chriltmng, at what time many Noble men were called to Fdenboroxgh , to attend that Solemnity. With whole content it v declared at Blake's next appearance, That the Crimes and Accusati- ons charged in the Bill, were Treasonable and Seditious; and that his Majefty, his Council, and all other Judges fubltituteby his A\ thority , were competent Judges in all matte ts, either Criminal, or Civil, as well to Minifters, as to other Subjects. Yet (till the King was Wlllin to ;ive over the Chafe , makes them another gracious Offer, treats privately with tome Chiefs amoneft them, and teems contented to revoke his two Proclamations, if BU^t would only come be tore the Lords of the Council, and there acknov. ledg his otfence againlttlv Queen. Rut when this would not be accepted, the Court pn QBto the Examination of Witneiles. And upon proof of all the Articles ob Bentencewas given agaiaft him to tliis etFeCt : lh.it 1. confined beyond the N n ' n it r. tnttt itil. I >• (ixdiyt) re remain till his Mjjcjifs pleafure Jhoitld be further fi^mhed. Som tie made after this, for iatiou. lint the King not being able to gain anv realon from \ ' nds their Comnulhoners out or the i "ovui and pre- sently , Bids, That Twentv four of the molt Seditious pcr- fons in Edenl/orottgh, (hould forfake the City 5 hoping to rind t he rdt more cool and traaablc, when thele ltvtndiano were difmilled. 2-3. The $56 gfK feiftozp of tfee $it8bytmm8> Lib. x. 25. The Preachers of the City notwithftanding , take fire upon it, and the next day excite the Noble-men, affembled at the Sermon upon Sunday the fifteenth of December \ to joyn with them in a Peti- tion to the King, To preferve Religion. Which being prefented in a rude and disorderly manner, the Ring demands by what Authori- rity they durft convene together without his leave : We dare do more than this, (faid the Lord of Lindfey) and will not fuffer our Religion to be overthrown. Which (aid , he returns unto the Church, ftirrs up the people to a tumult, and makes himfelf the Head of a Factious Rabble, who crying out, The Sword of the Lord^ aqd Gideon, throng- ed in great numbers to the place , in which the King had locked himfelf for his greater fafety 5 the doors whereof they queftionlefs had forced open, and done fome out-rage to his Perfon, if afewho- neft men had not ftopt their Fury: The Lord-Provoftof the City, notwithftanding he was then fick, and kept his Bed, applied his beft endeavours to appeafethe Tumult, and with fome difficultyTxought the people to lay down their Arms, which gave the King an op- portunity to retire to his Palace, where with great fear he palled over all the reft of that day. The next morning he removes with his Court and Council, to the Town of Lintithgoe^ and from thence publifheth a Proclamation to this effect, viz. That the Lords of the Seffion, the Sheriffs, Commiflioners, and Juftices , with their feveral Members and Deputies,fhoukl remove themfelves forth of the Town of Edenborough0 and be in reldinefs to goto any fuch place as fhould be appointed 5 and, that all Noble-men and Barons ftiould return unto their Houfes , and not prefume to convene in that or in any other place, without Licenfe, under pain of his Majefty's Difplea- fure. The Preachers, on the contrary, are refolved to keep up the Caufe,tocall their Friends together, and unite their Party 5 and were upon the point of Excommunicating certain Lords of the Council, if fome more fober than the reft, had not held their hands. 24. In which confufion of Affairs, they indict aFaft: For a pre- paratory whereunto , a Sermon is preached by one Welch , in the chief Church of that City: Who taking for his Theam the Epiftle lent to the Angel of the Church of Ephefus, did pitifully rail againft the King, faying, That he was poffefjed with a Devil 5 and that one Devil being put out, /even worfe were entred in the place : and, that the Subje&s might lawfully rife andtalg the Sword out of his hands. Which laft he confirmed by the Example of a Father that falling in- to a Phrenjte , might be taken by the Children and Servants of the Family, and tyed hand and foot from doing violence. Which brings into my mind an ufual faying of that King, to this effect, viz. That for the twelve laji years of his living in Scotland, he ujed to pray upotc his knees ) before every Sermon^ That he might hear nothing from the Treacher wtnch might jufily grieve him } andthat the cafe was fo well altered when he was in England, that he was ujed to prays that he might profit by what he heard. But all exorbitancy of Power is of (hort continuance, efpecially if abufed to Pride and Arrogance. The mad- nefs Lib; £ u i))!ft n? ot tbc J&jeSbpterians. *57 in the Vrtsbyttriant was n ape to the height, and therefore inthc cootie to have a fall ^ aod this the Ki fo give them, or to lo(e his Crown. He had before been lb . . ontinual B I imes upon leavki ravl*, putting himfcll into the Seignuryol Vcm ud living there in riie capacity of a Gentleman (lb the) call the P.*t Mrs of that Noble City ). Andqucftionleishe \ud \ n- pole in execution, if the h< cornin lay to the < E*gUmd,lw\ not bccnfometemptatioiftohimto ride outthcltorm. Bui now a Sword is put into his hands by tbc Preaches s thcmieli wherewith he is enabled to cut the Qtrdsdm-kaot or their Plots and l'r hich he warnot able to untyc* For, not contented to ha\ e raifedthe former Tumults, t!u y k< t p the Noble-men togetbi irn people totheir aid, amj write their I - tbel ord of ii; to repair unto them, and make himieli the Head of their Allocation- A Copy of which Letter being (howed unto the King b\ t hatN obi e Lord, command is given unto the Provoft of Edtm ttugb^ To attach the Minifters. But they bad notice of his purpose, and cicapcintjo EwgUndy making NcwcsftU their retreat, as informer timet* . It b a true laying of the wile Hifrorian , That every Iniurre- clion of the people* when it is tupprefled , doth make the Prince ftrong" r, and the Subject weaker. Aod this the King found true in his own particular* 7 he Citizens of Ydctiborough being pinched with the Paoclatnation, and the removal or the Court and the Courts of Tuftice, offered to purge themfelves of the late Sedition, and tendrcd i :r obedience unto any thing whatloevcr which his Majefty and the Council Ihoulilbe plealed to enjoyn, whereby they night rc- • rthe huge Indignity which was done to his Majefty; provided that they fliouhl not be thought guilty of fo great a Crime, which from their hearts they had detelted. But the King anfwers, That he would admit of no purgation ; that he would make them know, that he was their King : Andthenext day proclaims the Tumult ro Ticalon, anq proclaims all for Tray tors who were guilty of it. This made them fear their utter ruine to be near at hand. The ordi- nary Judicatories were removed to Leitb, the Seillons ordained to be held at Perils their Miniftem ed , their Magift rates with- out !■ id; and none about the King , but their deadly Enemies. And to make up the full meafiire of their difconiblation, Counfcl is given unto the King to race the Town, and to erect a Pillar ra the place thereof, fbra perpetual Monument of Co great anlnfolence. : heYtiblves totr.i\el none but Legal ways j and being tomewbat etned bv a Letter from the Queen of EwgUmd, he gives command unto i --u the reft of the Magiitrates, to enter their per- il tertian the firft of rthi **>'}> there to keep ward until tbi re acquitted or condemned ot the former uproar. Whillt remained in this perplexity and fiifpence, he is adviled to make t the conjuncture, for letting matters of the Church, ublilh in it liich a decent Order as was agreeable to God N nn W'oiJ. V§8 jE3)t l^tfto?p cf tbc |k7£$bptertan^ bfy X. Word. To which end he appoints a National-Aflembly to be held at Perth j and prepares certain Queries, fifty five in number, to be con- fidered and debated in the laid Ailcmbly, all of them tending to the rectifying ofiuch Abufes which were either crept into the Difcipline, or occasioned by it. Nothing ib much perplexed the principal Mi- nifters, who had the leading of the reft, as, that the Difcipline fhould be brought under a difpute, which they had taught to be a part of the Word of God. But they muft ling another Tune before all be ended. 2<5. For, the King having gained a confiderable Party amongfl: the Miniftersof the Worth, and treated with many of the reft in ie- veral,whom he thought moft tractable, prevailed fo far on the Af- fcmblvj that they condefcend at the laft upon many particulars which in the pride of their profper'ny had not been required. The princi- pal of which were' thefe, viz,. c That it fhould be lawful to his Ma- c jefty by himfelf or his Commiflioners, or to the Pallors, to yopone c in a general Aflembly, whatfoever point he or they defired to be re- £fblved in, or reformed in matters of External Government, altera- ( bit according to Circumftances '- providing it be done in right time c and place, Animo ddrficandi nontentandi. 2. That no Minifter c fhould reprove his Majefty's Laws and Statutes, Aclsor Ordinan- ' ces, until iuch time as he hath firft by the advice of his Presbytery, ' or Synodal, or General Aflemblies, complained and fought lemedy c of the lame from his Majefty, and made report of his Majefty's An- cfwer, before any further proceedings. 3. That no man's* Name c fhould be exprelied in the Pulpit, except the Fault be notorious cand publick , andfo declared by an Affize, Excommunication, c Contumace, and lawful Admonition } nor fhould he be defcribed c fb plainly by any other Circumftances, than publick Vices, always 'damnable. 4. That in all great Towns the Minifters fhall not be c chofen without his Majefty's content, and the confent of the Flock. c 5. That no matter of Slander fhould be called before them,where- c in his Majefty's Authority is pre-judged, Caufes Ecclefiaftical only c excepted. 6. And finally, That no Conventions fhall beamongft c Paftors, without his Majefty's knowledg,except their SefTions,Pre£ 'byteries*, and Synods, the Meetings at the Viiitation of Churches, cadmiflion or deprivation of Minifters,takingupof deadly Feuds, cand the like, which had not already been found fault with by his 'Majefty. According to which laft Artiele, the King contents unto another general Allemblyto be held at Dundee , and nominates the tenth of May for the opening of it. 27. It was about this time that Dr. Richard Bancroft , Bifhop of London, began to run a conftant courfe of Correfpondence with the £ing of Scots, whom he beheld as theundoubted Heirand Succef- for of the Queen then Reigning. And well confidering how condu- cive it was to the Peace of both Kingdoms, that they fhould both be governed in one Form of Ecclefiaftical Policy 5 he chalked him out a ready way, by which he might reftore Epifcopacy to the Kirk of Scotland. To which end, as the King had gained the liberty in the i X. C'etoiftv:' or the pK ;59 the hft Aflembly toqueftion and dilute the Govern I iw eftablifhed; and gained a powci ol homin i in the principal Cities; (bintnenext, thej That no roan fhould from thenceforth exerci , wit ho having a particular Flocks nor be admitted to that 1 I Ordination, by the Impolition'oi . He ncju'ued al(b in I fame, That before th< conclufion of anyweighty matter, his High - mi' Advice and Approbation (hould be In it obtained. Am! (o fai they contented to the Proposition to have his Maj< ithoriry interpi led to all Atftsol i nportai which concerned the Church, lo as hiatters formerl) concluded, might not be drawn inqueftiotfi Hegaincdfome other points alio iii the lame Aflembly, no lefi important than the othei towards! Dclign; as namely, 1. 'lhit no Mimfter fhaU exercife any ]un\di- \nyeitber by malting of Confiihttions or leading of I'r i with* citt advh c and com itrrence of his Sejjion. Pi '• // 2. 'lh.it Presbyterh r flj all not meddle with .".•> thing /,-.' ./ is not l{»iown without all controverfie to belong to ; .7 J/td/t lory \ unci th.it therein Uniformity fhould he obferved throughout the I uutrcf. A ud, -;. lhit wh^re Any Yresbytcries Ji'all be chfired by his A/ tjejiy's Af/Jtve to Jtjy their proceedings , as being prejudicial to the Civil 'jitrijdiilion, or private men's Rights, they fhould dejijl until his Majejty did r. ttkfuQion. But that which made molt toward his pur pole, was, the appoint in 2 of Thirteen of their number to at- tend his Ma jefty, as the Commiuioners of the Kirk, whom we may Ithe HighCommifitonersoi Scotland, the King's Ecclefiaftical C mncilj the Seminary of the future BUhops, to whom they gave Authority planting of Churches in Edcmborougb-)St. Andrewt9 tdee,&tc< as alto, to prelentthe Petitions and Grievances of the Kirk, tohis Muelty i and to advife with him in all fuch matters as conduced unto the peace and welfare of it. 28. It was no hard muter toe the King , by Reward^ and Promi- G , to gain thefe men unto himlelf; or at the lead, to raife amongft: them mch a Party as (hould be ready at all times to fcrve his turn. Andfii J compliance he foun 1 amongft them , that they not only ferved him in the punifbment oi David EUkt , in whole be- half they had Rood out lb long againft him; but in the fcntencing of IV* II. ice. who iu a Sef mon at St. Andrews had abu(ed his Secreta- ry! both which, upon the cognizance of their ieveral Cu.lL-. th< rived of their Churches, and decreed others of more moderati- on to be placed therein. Thcyfcrved him alio in the reformation of that llniverlity where A ndrew Afcfoin for Come years had conti- nued. Re&ar; and thereby gamed an excellent opportunity for traininj tg Students in the Arts or Sedition. To which end he had lb contrived it. that iulcead of Lecturing in Divinity, th< in.; d the Politicks, as namely, whether EMfrmtm Sncceifion of Kin Form of Government : How far the Royot Power exl And.. Zeufurcdand Depoj d bj i Kingdom their Power flu For re- Nnn : dy $6o ^Jje^ifto?pof tfte^eafbpterian^ Lib. x. medy whereof, the King not only ordered by the Advice of his Commiffioners , That no man from thenceforth (hould continue Re- ctor of that Univerfity above the fpace of a year sj but appointed alfoonwhat Books, and afrer what manner every Prcfeflor for the time to come, was to read his Le&ures. He next proceeds unto a Reformation of the Churches of Edcnborongh^ but hadfirft brought the Town to fubmit to mercy. Failing of their attendance at Perth, in Co full a number as were appointed to appear,the whole Town was denounced Rebel, and all the Lands, Rents, and other Goods, which formerlybelongedtotheCorporation,confi(catetotheufeoftheKing: the news whereof,brought fuch a general dilconfblation in that Facti- ous City,that the Magiftrates renounced their Charges, the Minifters forfbok their Flocks, and all things (eemed to tend to a diilblution. But at the end of fifteen days, hisMajefty was gracioudy inclined, upon the mediation of fome Noble-men who took pity on them, to re-admit them to his Favour. Upon Advertifement whereof the Provoft, Bailiffs, and Deacons of Crafts, being brought unto his prefence the 21 of March , and falling upon their knees, did with tears beg pardon for their negligence, in not timely preventing that Tumult} befeeching his Majefty to take pity of the Town, which did (imply fubmit it felf to his Majefty 's Mercy. 29. The King had formerly confidered of all Advantages which he might raife unto himfelf out of that Submiffion} but aimed at nothing more than the reduction of the people to a fenfe of their duty 5 the curbing of the City-Preachers, and fetling fome good Order in the Churches of it. In thefelaft times, the Minifters had lived together in one common Houfe , fituate in the great Church- yard, and of old belonging to the Town 5 which gave them an op- portunity to coniult in private,to hatchSeditions,and put their Trea- sons into form. This Houfe the King required to be given up to him, to the end that the Minifters might be difpofed of in feveral Houfes, far from one another, fo as they might not meet together without obfervation. The Minifters of late had preached in common, with- out confiderat ion of particular Charges 5 and were reduced alfb to a lels number than in former times, which made them of the greater Power amongft the people. But now the King refolves upon the di- viding of the Town into feveral Parifhes, and fixing every Minifter in his proper Church , according to the Aftsof the Jaft Aflembly. This had been thought of two years fince^ but the Townoppofed it. Now they are glad to yeeld to any thing which the King pro- pounded, and to this point amongft the reft. And hereupon the pay- ment of a Fine of Twenty thoufand pounds to the King, and entring into a Recognizance ( as our Lawyers call it) of Forty thoufand Marks more, for the indempnifying of the Lords of the Seflion in the time of their fitting} the City is reftored to the good Grace of the King, and the Courts of Juftice to the City. HisMajefty was alfo pleafed, that the Fugitive Preachers of the City fhould be re- ftored unto their Miniftry, upon thefe conditions, that is to iay,That eac h of them fhould take the Charge of a feveral Flock : That four new Lib- x. 3Oe!!>iftQ!V0f tbep^r: i6 new Preachei . . >er , .. tbem aflignod to his pro] e: fh.itt deration intheii ! reachiugs, for the time toi ►da an account thereof to tbc King and C not former! y \ of bands, ihould receive it now. hich lalt. in. liiuill trouble lathe King's Commi I (who laboured very zca- li.i.iu tr advance that Service); but lie- fubmittedin the end. . After theic preparations, comes a Pari lament, w licli was to ke beginning in the Mouth of D imft whicn time the King had dealt fodextrouily w'uh r.itrick Galloway, and he fo hand- lbmelv had applied himielt to his Allociatcs, that the Commillion ere drawn to joyo in a rVctyjeft to the Lords and Commons, 'ih.it the Mmificrs, as rc\re\c):lingthcClurih.andlhirdhftatc of the Ki dom, might be admitted toy: . » Parliament , tccordwg to ti aucumt ii.it cs andPnvAcdqes of the KirkjQ *od- Fhe Kin alio humbly moved to be- friend thetnin it. And be (b mas the Aifjirto his own advantage, t hat he obtained an Ac* to pal i > this effect j viz. That Inch Pajlors and Mimjiers as his MajijiyJlwnUj Uafi to provide to the Place, Dignity, andlitlccj a hijiop , Abbot, or . . Prelate, at any time jbokld have voice in Parliament - as fi >;y other i :! Prelate had in the times fore-going'-, provided, tf. Jucb perfons as jhould be nominated to any Arih-biJhopru\ or Eijhopr. Within the Reatt/f, jhould either aUually he Preachers at the tin/i oj then nomination ; orelje aj/itmeand take upon them to he aLlk.il , r/5 .! according thereunto Jhould praQtje andperformth.it duty; and that neither this At~t, nor any thing in the Jame contained , fiould j. rejudicc the "jurijdiLlton of the Ktrl^, cjiablijhcd by Ails of Parliament \ ;:or any of the Presbyteries. Ajjevtblics, or other Sejfions of the church. Af- ter which, followed another General Atlembly, appointed tobe held ax Dundee, in the March enfuing , the King himlelf being pre- fen* at it. In which it was concluded, after fome debate, 'lhat Mi- mjurs lave-fully mtgr.tgive voice in Parliament, and other publicly Meet- ings of the fjlates\ andthat itw.ts expedient to have /erne always oj that number prejent, to give voice in the name of theChtirih. It was agreed alio, That \o many jhould be appointed to have voice in Parlia- ment, as there had been Arch-Bijhops, BifbopS, Abbots, and Priors, m the times of fopcry: Which coming to the number of 1 irtv , or thereabouts, give every Miniltcr lome hopes to be one of that num- ber. It wasrelolveil alio. That the Election ot" the Peribos, ihould belong partly to the King, and in part to the Church. But as for the manner of the Election, the Kentstobeafljgned unto them. and their continuance in that Truft, for life, or otherwile^ thele points, were left to be conlidcredof at better leifure. 91. 1 or the difpatch whereof, with the more conveniency. i( j was appointed , That the muter (hould be tirit debated in each Prci- pjkci w , aodnfcernatds inProvincial Synods a to beholden all upon one day , t hat to be the tuft Iuefday of June, three men to tx >\ out of every Synod, to attend the King 3 and they N n ii i6i ■" 3Ct}t^ttto?pcf tj)£ l^esopi enan& Lib.x. the Do&orsof the Univerfities, to conclude the bufinefs, wit!) re- ference, notwithftanding, to the approbation of the next Aflembly. Accordingly they meet in Synods, and appoint their Delegates:, who being called to Fd/4/rf#^7intheend of J///y, did then and there con- clude upon thefe particulars^ firft, for the manner of Elections^ That for each Prelacy that was void, the Church fhould nominate fix per- fbns, and the King chufe one:, and that if his Majefty fhould like none of that number, fix others fhould be named by the Church, of which his Majefty was to chufe cne without more refufal. Next, for the Rents 5 That the Churches being fufficiently planted, and no preju- dice done to Schools, Colledges, and Univerfities, already erected, he fhould be put into pofleffion of the reft of that Prelacy, to which he was to be preferred. Aitothe term of his continuance in that truft, there was nothing done, that point being left unto the confi- deration of the next Aflembly. And for the naming of the Child, the God-fathers agreed, that he fhould be called the Commijjaire^ or Commijjioner of fuch a place, if the Parliament could be induced by his Majefty to accept that Title, or elfe the General Aflembly to devife fbme other. But fearing left this CommiJJaire might in time be- come a Bijlwp , it was refblved to tye him up to fuch Conditions* as fhould difable him from afpiring above the reft of his Brethren. But more particularly, it was cautioned and agreed upon. That he fhould propound nothing in the Name of the Church, without exprefs war- rant from the fame f, nor give confent to any thing propoled in Par- liament, which tended to the diminution of the Liberties of it. That he fhould be bound to give an account of his proceedings, to the next General Aflembly, and to fubm it himielf to their judgment in it, without any Appeal. That he fhould faithfully attend his parti- cular Flock, and be as fubject to the Cenfure of his own Presbytery, or Provincial Synod, as any other Minifter which had no CommilTi- on. That in the Adminiftrationof Difcipline, Collation of Benefi- ces, Vifitation, and other points of Ecclefiaftical Government ^ he fhould neither ufurp, nor claim to himfelf any more Power and Ju- rifdicfion than the reft of his Brethren. That if he fhall ufurp any part of Ecclefiaftical Government, the Presbytery, Synod, or Gene- ral Aflembly, protefting againft it, whatfbever he fhould do therein, fhall be null and void. That if he chance to be depofed from the Miniftry, by the Presbytery, Synod, or Aflembly, he fhould not only lofe his Place and Vote in Parliament , but the Prelacy fhould be alfb voided for another man. And finally, That he fhould fub- fcribe to all thefe Cautions, before he was admitted to his Place and Truft. •599. 32-' In the Aflembly of Montr of s , which began on the 18th of March, Anno 159$) thefe Cautions were approved, and two new ones added : I. That they who had voice in Parliament , Jlwuld not have pUce in the General Ajfembly , unhfs they were authorised by a Commijfion from the Presbyteries whereof they were Members. 2. That Crimen Ambitur. or any finifter endeavours to procure the Place^jljould be afufficient reafon to deprive him of it. As for the term or their con- Lib. r ; ■ nd much left to endure foi i I \ i eld unto, : I l hat he w\ o ■ •• thai trillion, mould Him ol KtGcneralAl .• rhat he (hould lay clown I >f, to be continued if they pleafi d. to unto Any other whom his Ma;< ;. a ink fit to em ploy. loalJ which Caul the King i illing to content , that fo tl without interruption i not doubting but to find a wa^ • i me or other, in ' Rigors mi ghi thtie Chains knock< Mothing now retted^ out tht n< tie able perlbns to poileis thole Pre hichcitht •it ;it that time, or actually in tbe King's dilpoii ! he Bilh< of Su^itttbttof, and < wjiadl not! 'id ; the Bilbopi ■ Murray >rd ol •' of Or^m >. to th.-l-.arl; which mul t he li: fr compounds d with , h tore the King would nominate any man to cither ol them. I ndsof GoBowoy and the J i idated, that there v nothing left to maintain a Prelate and therefore mult b% Brfteudow- . Tbe Sees of Aberdeen and Argiky had their Bifhops livings both of them being aclual Preachers:, and thofe of Bra hoi, Dunk and DumblaKc. had their Titulars al(b , but no Preaching- Mu . So at there were but two Churches to bcfillcd at the pretest, that is to lay. theBilhopricksor Hothe>\ and C\///j //<_//; to which the King preients Mr. David LHodefn , Minifter of I atb\ and Mr.C '.-/// J ourwor- ■ } n thrcn arc thrnji out of their Colli 1 without all order of ji Ungs ; omd feiuhs, Atheifts, andV ■ . countc- Jv.mi e.t to great Hocus m the Realm, for the bringing in i: C tiuity more thorn Baby looica \*vpitb ami xnd ?64 %X)i lt)tfto?p f f t\)z jp?cfif!>pt1erfaii^ Lib. x. that in our chief City : Is it time form, I fay, of the Miniftry , /d and Hononrs0 one of his Sifters married to the Duke of Lenox, another placed in the Attendance of the Queen, and that his Brother Alexander was advanced to a Place in the Bed-Cham- ber 5 yet all thefe Favours were not able to obliterate the remem- brance of the Execution fo juftly done upon their Father. By na- ture he was Proud, Afpiring, and of a Mind greater than his For- tune. Ill principled in the courfe of his Education} which made him paflionately affedred to the Difciplinarians , of whom he was ambitious to be thought a Patron. To this man they apply them- felvesj who by the lofs of their Authority 3 or Tyranny rather, meafured the Fortunes of the Church 5 as though Religion could not (land, if their Empire fell. To him they frequently insinuated their Fears and Jealoufies, the King s averfnefs from the Gofpel, his extraordinary Favour to the Popifh Lords, his prefentPraclifesand Defigns to fubvert the Difcipline, the only Pillar and Support of the Kirk of Scotland •-) not without fome Refle&ions on the death of his Father, whofe Zeal to God was teftified by the lofs of his Life. which cryed aloud for vengeance, both to God and Man. By which insi- nuations they fo wrought upon him, that he began to ftudy nothing but Revenge} and to that cad engaged his Brother Alexander (a fierce young man, and of a very daring Spirit) in the practife with him. He alio held intelligence with Such of the Minifters as were fuppofed to be moft difcontented at the prefent Tranfaftions} but moft. efpecially, with the Preachers of Eden borough , who could not eafily forget the Injuries (fothey muft be called) which they had fuffered from the King for fome years laft paft. The like intelligence he kept with many Male -contents amongft the Laicks} preparing all, but opening his Defign to few 5 but opening it howfoever to Logen of Rejtairig, in whom he had more confidence than all the relt. 35. Concerning which, it was averred by one Spot a Notary, as well upon Examination before the Lords of the Seilion, as his Con- "feffion Lib. X. %[)t\ivtto'yoi tbejD?kS!)Ftcnan: it oj it to the 01 Confpirttors. Forpioot Of which Cnnteliion. ( :,,j Vo- luntary) he told the people on the Ladder, that he would give them .1 Sign; which he per for on lapping his hands tl rcc tires ar- rer his turning oH bythel tiuner. It was affirmed alio by Mi. Villi am Cowper , a right godly man , then being Minilui .it Perth, and aftet wards made RimOpof (ia//oway\ rhat going to the Houlc of the Eirli ("the Hereditary Provoft of that few n) not many days before the intended Ireafon, he round him reading a Book entitu- led, He Conjur.itio>iit>u< >. containing .1 Difcopi of Ire. iions and Confpirades again it lever. il Princes; of which he ww, plealed togivethisCcrifure, ihttmojiofti ■ : very foohjh- ly contrived , .:;:.{ faulty in jomc point or other , which was the reajon that they found noUthc dfirul ejjccl . By which it Teems th.it he in- tended to out-go all former Confpirators'in the contrivance of his Trcalon j though in the end be fell upon a Plot which was molr ri- diculous, not to be paralkl'd by any in that Book which he lo much viliticd. The Defignwas, To draw the King to his Houlc in the rownofferi^, under pretence of coming fectetl) 1 »f< a man whom he had fatdy intercepted with Letters, and fome quantity of Gold, from Rome s and having brought him to 1 >me remote part of the } loufe , to make furc work or him. The King v as then at t airland- Ctjiic--, and going out betimes 00 TmefiUj the ruth z%i Awgufi, to take his pleaiure in the Park, he ismct b tmder, who tells him ot" the News of Perth, and thatafpeedy porting thither, would be worth his travel. The King comes thither before Dinner, accom- panied with the Duke of LtmoXi the Earl of Marre\ Evej%i*& the Captain of his Guard, and fome other Gentlemen, .ill ot them in their Hunting-Co i's as minding nothing but a Vifittothe Noble- man. Thus is he brought into the toy 1 5 but they lhall only hunt him to the view and not pull him down. 36. The Km n Dinner beingended, the Lords fall to theirs, which Alexander takes to be the fitteik time toeffed the EnterpriC and therefore takes the King along with him to an upper Clumber. Rut feeing Fvcskjn at his beds , he willed him to fray behind, and made fait the doors. Being brought into a Chamber on the top of the Houfe3thc King perceived a man in a lecru corner, and pre- fently asked Alexander, if he were the Party who had brought the Letters and the Gold. But Alexander then changed his countenance, upbraided him with the death of his Father, tor which he was now uroughtto make fuistaccion \ and therewith lclt him to the mercy of the Executioner. I Hull not Itand on all particular* of the (tory^ the (urn whereof, is briefly this : That the King having having by much (tingling gained a Window, a corner whereof looked toward Ooo the 166 QfyttyittowtftyzpitZkyttriMg. Lib.x. the Street, cryed out fo loud, that he was heard by all the Lords and Geiitleraenof his R.etinue , who thereupon prepared themfelves for h's affiftance. In the purfuit whereof, the Earl himfelf is killed by Eveskin as he was making hafteto help his Brother $ and Alexander isdifpatchedby Ramfey, one of the King's Pages 5 who being ac- quainted with the Houfe, came by the back-irairs time enough to preferve his Mailer. Of this great Danger and Deliverance , the King gives notice to all his Subjects, defiring them to joyn with him in thanks to Almighty God for 4b great a Mercys which was accordingly performed by all honeft men 5 but the whole Story diC- believed,difcredited, mif-reported by the Presbyterians y whom it concerned to wafli their hands of fo foul a Treafbn. And how far they were Parties in it, or at lealt well-wi(hers to it , may appear by this. That when the Minifters of Edenborough were defired to con- vene their people, and give God thanks for this -deliverance of the King, they excufed themfelves, as not being well acquainted with all particulars. And when it was replyed unto them. That they were on* ly required to make known to the people , That the King had efcaped a great Danger , and to excite them to Thanjgiving far his deliverance: They anivvered. That they were not -very well fatisfied in the^truthof the matter: That nothing was to be delivered in the Pulpit , the truth whereof was not certainly known : and0 that they were to titter nothing in that place , but that which migh be fpoke in Faith. On which R.e- fufal it was ordered by the Lords of the Council , That the. people fhould be drawn together into the Market-place, That the Bifhop of Rofs fhould make a Declaration of the whole Defign , and there- withal! conceive a Prayer of Thankfgiving for the Ring's Deliver- ance. Which was performed on his part with a true affeftion, and entertained by the people with great joy and gladnefs. 37. But the whole Nation was not fo befotted by the Presbyteri- ans, as either to difputethe Story , or defpife the Mercy. Which wrought lb far upon the Conferences of all honeft men, that in a ■ Par- liament held at Edenborough^ in November following, the Eftate of Goury was confifcate, his Sons difherited , the Name of Ruthen ut- terly abolifhed , ( but the laft difpenced with ) the bodies of the two Brothers brought to Edenborough^ there hanged and quartered , the Heads of both being fixed upon the top of the Common Prifbn: and finally, The Fifth of Augufi ordained by Acl: of Parliament for a Day of Thankfgiving in all times fucceeding. The like done alfb 1602 two years after:> at a General Aflembly of the Minifters of the Church, held in HalyRood-Houfe> as to the Day of Thankfgiving, which they decreed to be kept folemnly from thenceforth, in all the Churches of that Kingdom. And it was well they did it then, the King not venturing the Propofal to them in the year fore-going, when they aflembled at Burnt-Ijland , whether in reference to fome indifpofition of Body which he found in himfelf} or rather of fbme greater indifpofition of Mind which he found in them. But now it went clearly for him without contradiction, as did fome other things propounded to their confederation, HisEy now looks unto theCrown of Lib. X. % -ijftjjp of the |D^C9>brterrang> j of .-./, and he r< lolvcd to bring the Churches oi both King- doms to an Unii -: -i.it \ : but Co to do it ai n ixhernoue nor trouble. I I >U m.ii/ing of Mam ibcCQ] ted on Sundays by the Rules of the Discipline: butbj an Ordei made in the present Aliimbly , it was indifferently permitted on all d alike, Sundays as well as other < ill <>r the Parties. Be- fore this time theSacramcnt ot-' Baptiun was not adtniniilred but on- ly at the times of Preaching, on fotne opinion which they had the indifierency, orattheleaft then iiity thereof. But now it was ordained with a joyni content, 7bdttk*MiuiftersJbeuldt t+fufethe bacr anient of Haptifm to Inf.t/its , net d lay the :on veh itfj r i retexi , the J. enc being required by ti ePen utt, or others in i ;r name W hich brought them! wo fteps nearer totheChurchof England than before they were* . It was not longartei the end of thisAflembh a the King received Intelligence of Queen Elizabeth's death, and of the gene- ral acknowledgment of nil rfionj both by Peen and People* This | uts bimona preparation lor a [oul%ey to England^ where he i- joy hill 3 , and found no (mall contentment En the' change of hlS Fortunes, here litti \ngU Crave, Learned. and Rever- end m n j not us '"fore, a K. I State , rrithout Honour , with- out Order , n- ■ xvoulA every day brave him to his faces where \nd 1 OHI, and \\r\\\, and Dick; did .it their pleafures ccn- fitrc the proceedings ef him und hie Council $ where Will jtood up and filid , he would have it t /Dick replied. Nay marry, Lut itftall be fo : as he defcribes their carnage io the Conference at Hampton- Ccurt,y.z \ So leaves he Scotland arid the tnritems there. with this Character of them , recorded in the Preface ot his Book, called h.fdicon Dorcnw : he paints them out, as people which refujtng to be railed Anabapti ' to much participated cf their Humours , not only .nth them in their General Rule 3 the contempt of the Civil Afieidrate, and :n humngto their oxen Dreams^ Imagination!, and R:v:lations \ but particularly, in ietounting all men proph in: that *ycc n>t to their Fanciest in making, for every parti cn- lar Vejironof //*{ Polity of the Church, /ft much Commotion <*s if the Article of the Trinity was called in qitejlion \ sn marine tie Scripture to he ruled by their Confcience , dnd ntt their Confmnee by the Scrip- ture, rn eccounti be '■ Kthnicusfci Pub'icanus. not worthy to enjoy the benefit of ' Great hh:», much lefs to participate with them in the Sacrament x , th it denies the le r'r jot of th/r Grounds : end in fnf ing Kir '. ;rr, and all. to be trodun ', / foot . before tie leajt jot of thtir Grounds l\ in b Holy I i arts to an 'Ungodly P not only in refjftingCbrifliau Prii but denying t pray for ti:r;i; for Pray come by I aith , end it is n. that Go .1 mil h ir their ?ri) rs for Juc% 0 rrtf!le \ 0 which He adi Claule in the Book it felf , viz. I hat they uled common- ly to tell the people in their Sermons, that all Kings and Prim were naturally Enemies toil :urch, and could neter patiently bear the lo.il^ of Chnji. And thereupon he gives t Ooo a Counl $68 g||g I0ttto?p of ti3g y ?cguptettans> Lib. X. Counfd to the Prince, To take heed all of fuch Puritans , whom he calisrfhe very Pefls of the Church and Commonwealth •-, whom no de- feats can oblige, neither Oaths nor Promifes bind «, breathing nothing but Sedition and Calumnies t> afpiring without nieajure, railing without rea- jons and making their own imaginations the fquare of their Conference: prote (tmg before the. Great God , That hejhould never find in any High- lander, bajer Thieves, greater Ingratitude, and more Lyes and vile Per- juries^ than amongSI thofe Fanatical fpirits he Jjjould meet withall. 59. But on the contrary, hetells us of the Church of Englandzt his firft coming thither, cThat he found that Form of Religion * w hich was eftabliihed under Queen ELIZABETH of famous memo- 'ry, by the Laws of the Land, to have been blefled with a moft ex- traordinary Peace, and of long continuance 0 which he beheld as a 'ftrong evidence ot God's being very well pleated with it. Hetells us alio, 'That he could find no caufe at all , on a full debate, for c any Alteration to be made in the Common-Prayer-Book, though ' that moft impugned 5 that the Doctrines feemed to be fincere , the 'Forms and tvites to havdfceen juftified out of the Practife of the c Primitive Church. And finally, he tells us, That there was nothing c in the fame which might not very well have been born withall , if 'either the Adverfaries would have made a reafbnable conftru&ion c of them '-, or that his Majefty had not been fo nice, or rather jealous, e ( as himfelf conrefleth ) for having all publick Forms in the Ser- ' vice of God , not only to be free from all blame, but from any fu- ' fpition. For which, confult his Proclamation of the fifth of March> before the Book of Common-Prayer. And herewith he declared himfelf fb highly pleafed , that in the Conference at Hampton-Court, heentredintoa gratulation to Almighty God, for bringing him into the Promifed Land, ( fb he pleafed to call it) where Religion was purely profeft , the Government 'Ecclefiaftical approved by mani- fold bleffings from God himfelf , as well in the encreafe of theGo- fpeJ, as in a glorious and happy Peace, and where he had the hap- pinefs to fit amongft Grave and Learned men, and not to be a King (as eifewhete he had been) without State, without Honour, with- out Order, as before wasfaid. And this being laid , we fhalj pro- ceedunto the reft of our Story, cafting into the following Book, all the Succefles of the Puritans, or Presbyterians, in his own Domini- ons, during the whole time of his Peaceful Government 5 and fb much alfb of their Fortunes in France and Belgium, as fhall be necefc fary to the knowledg of their future Actings. AERIVS }«9 A E R I V S R E D I V I V V S: O R. The Hiftory O F T H E PRESBYTERIANS L i b. XL Containing Their Succcffes whether £ood or had, in England, Scotland, Ireland, and the Ijk of Jerfe) r, from the Tear \6o2,tothe Tear 1623 5 ™ith JowcTrhaf tmchingtotir Ajjairs, as well in France and Sweden, as' the Belgick Provinces. 1. (.^HF TuritAHt and Presbyterians in both Kingdom*, . .7? Y vvere brought lb low, when King 'JAMES firft ob-' taincd the Crown of England, that they might have been fuppreft for ever, without any great danger, if either tliat King had held the Rains with a conftaot hand , or been more fortunate in the choice of his Minilters, after the old Councellors were worn our, than inline lie proved. Rut having been kept to fuch hard meats \ nhc lived in Scotland, he wasfo taken with the Delicacies of the Englijh Court, that he abandoned the Severities and Cares or Government, W enjoy the Pleasures of a Crown. Which being j eived by fuch as u ere moft near unto him, it was not long before the Secret was difcoveied to the reft of the people, who there- O o o 5 upon ■ 370 %\)t :|^tftojE.cf ti)t pjesbptertans* Lib. xf. uponrefolved to husband all occalions which the times fhould give them, to their belt advantage. But none conceived more hopes .of him 3 than fome Tnritan Zealots \ who either prefuming on his Edu- cation in the Kirk of Scotland i or venturing on theeafinefs of his Difpoiition, began to intermit the ufe of the Common-Prayer^ to lay afidethe Surplice, and neglect the Ceremonies } and more than fo, to hold fome Claffical and Synodical Meetings, as if the Laws therh- felves had dyed, when the Queen expired. But thefe Diforders he reprefled by his Proclamation , wherein he commanded all his Sub- jects, of what fortfoever, not to innovate any thing either in Do- ctrine or Difcipline, till he upon mature deliberation fhould take order in it. 2. But lome more wary than the reft, refuted to joy n themfdves to fuch forward Brethren , whofe Actions were interpreted to fa- vour ftrongerof Sedition, than they did of Zeal. And by thefe men it was thought better to addreis themfelves by a Petition to His Sacred Majeicy, Which Was to be prefented to him in the name of certain Minifters of the Church of England, dejiring Reformati- on of fun dry Ceremonies and Abufes : Given out to be fubfcribed by a thoufand handsjand therefore called the Millenary Petition? though there wanted fome hundreds of that number to make up the fum. In which Petition deprecating fir ft the imputation of Schifm and Faction, they rank their whole Complaints under thefe four headt$ that is to lay. The Service of the Church, Church- Minifters , the Li- vings and Maintenance of the church , and the Djfdplinu of it. In reference to the fiift, the Publick Service Of the Church, it was de- fired, c That the Crofs in Baptifm, Interrogatories miniltred to In- cfarrts, and Confirmations, (as fuperfluous) might be -taken away. c That Baptifm might not be adminiftred by Women. That the Cap 'and Surplice might not be urged. That Examination might go be- c fore the Communion, and, that it be not adminiftred without a c Sermon. That the terms of, Prieji, and Ahfolution^ with the fling in 'Marriage, an.4 .lome others,, might be corrected. That the length cof Service might be abridged. Church-Songs and Mufick, mode- c rated. And, that the Lord's Day be not prophaned, nor Holy-days clbftrictly urged. That there might be an Uniformity of Doctrine cpre(cribed. Thatno Popifh Opinion be any more taught or de- c fended. That Minifters might not be charged to teach their peo- c-ffeto bow at the Name of Jefiff. And, that theCanonical Scrip- c tures be only read in the Churcli. 3* In reference to Churcb-Minifters, k was propounded , That c none hereafter be admitted into the Miniftry, but Able and Suffici- £ent men} and thofe to preach diligently , efpecialJy upon the 'Lord's Day : but fuch as be already entred, and cannot preach, may c either be removed, and fomecharitable courie taken with them for c their Relief % or el(e to be forced, according to the value of their* 'Livings, to maintain Preachers. That Non-refdencybe not permit- c ted. That K. Edward's Statute for the lawlulnefs of Minifters mar- c riage, might be revived. That Minifters might not be urged to iltb- fcribe Lib. XI. £iieD)ifl:ajpoftbc pjesbrtmans, 171 £ icribc- (Uit .ucouim;; unlit l./iv^ the Articles 4 ^;>ou, . 'the kind's Supremacy. It wssidefired alio, in relax ion to die c Chuu'i s U uiituiaiu .1 bilho. 1 jlu leave their Commit- K J.iws , 1 tiding Prebends, (botePar/uoages, (ome Vicaridj 'with their Uiihopticks. rhat douole-beucticcd men might not br ' fulfued to hold ionic two, ionic three benefices, a ad a, many Difc- "uities. Ihn Impropriai mexedto UilhopiK k and Coiled- 'f,rc», bedemiLd only tothe Pfcachefl Incumbent, foi ih.. oU l\cnt . 'That the ImiHojM i.i'Kjnsot Lay-m may U I A with c a filth or icvciuli ptri 01 1 he worth , to tlic maintenance <>i a Preaching- ^littifar* And ijnally, in reference to the execution of 'the ChurcaVi, Uifciplinc , it was humbly ua\e 1 cith i again t Ef ift opal Go vernment or Set- form, of Pray< r yet the delign thereof was againft them both, rot if G> many of the Branches had been lopped at once, the Body the lu •niilm eds » have rotted and confumed in a (hort time atter. ThtMuoll in tilties oi the contrary, were no lets zealous lor keep- ing up the DKcipiine and Liturgy of the Church, then by Lawefta- bttlbedi And to that en 1 it was propofed, and palled at Qgmkridgi on rheointhof JWae, That whoibever ihould oppoic by word 01 writing, either the Doctrine or the Dilciplinc of the Church of E*gU*d, or any part f whatsoever , within the Verge and I irnti ■ ■-'tAfame Unirerfity (otaerwiie than in the way of Di- fputatioo) nefhould be actually fu(pend i all Degrees alrea- d\ ta'vcn. an 1 u'tcrlv diiablcd for taki , :i the time tocomc. They rctolved alio to return an Anlwcr to the laid Petition) but un- (ici.tandiug that the Univeruty of Oasaawai in hand therewith, and had m good progrelsiothe fame, they laid by that purpofe,, congratulating; with their Siiter-Univcriity tor her forwordnefi in it. a. appears plainly by their Letter of the ~ ih of OBobcr. All this wa> known unto the King , but he relblved to anfwer them in another way/) and to that end designed a Coofbrcnoe between the Parties ! A Conference muchdefircd by trxdc of the Par/;** Faction $7* £}K liftoff of tt)e fffrgbptetiang* Lib. XL in Queen Elizabeth** time , who could not be induced to grant it 5 knowing full well, how much it tended to the ruin of allpublick Government 3 that matters once eftablifhed in due form of Law, fhould be made fubje&to Difputes. But K. JAMES , either out of a defireof his own fatisfaction, or to (hew his great Abilities in Judgment, Oratory, and Difcourfe, refblvedupon it, and accor- dingly gave Order for it. To which end, certain Delegates of each Party were appointed to attend upon Him at His Royal Palace of Hampton-Court-) on the i^th of January then next following , there to debate the Heads of the faid Petition, and to abide his Majefty's Pleaiure and Determination. At what time there attended on be- half of the Church, the Lord Arch-bifhop of Canterbury, the Lord Bifhop of London , the Bifhops of Durham , Winchefter , Worcefter, St. Davids, ChicheJler,Carlifle, and Peterborough. The Dean of the, Chappel, Wefkminfter, Chrifi-Church , Pauls, iPorcefter , Salisbury, Chejier, and IVindjor: together with Dr. King, Arch-Deacon of Nottingham , and Dr. Feild, who afterwards was Dean of Glocejter. Apparelled all of them in their Robes and Habits , peculiar to their feveral Orders. 5. There appeared alfo in the behalf of the Millenaries, Dr. John Reynolds, and Dr. iThoma* Sparky, of Oxford , Mr.ch+tterton , and Mr. Knettfiubs, of Cambridg: Apparelld neither in Prieft's Gowns, or Canonical Coats 5 but in fuch Gowns as were then commonly worn ( in reference to the form and fafhion of them) by the Turkey Merchants; as »f they had fubfcribed to the Opinion of old T. C. That we ought rather to conform in all outward Ceremonies to the Turks 3 than the Papifls. Great hopes they gave themfe Ives for (et- ling the Calvinian Doctrines in the Church of England, and al- tering fb much in the Polity and Forms of Worfhip, as might bring it nearer by fbme fteps to the Church of Geneva. In reference to the firfr , it was much preft by Dr. Reynolds, in the name of the reft, That the Nine Articles of Lambeth (which he entituled by the name of Orthodox al Ajfertions) might be received amongft the Ar- ticles of theChurch. Butthis Requeft,( upon a true account of the ftate of that bufinefs ) was by that prudent King rejected, with as great a conftancy as formerly the Articles themfelves had been fup- prefled under Qieen ELIZABETH It Wasmoved alfo, That thefe words, [neither totally nor finally] might be inferred in the Sixteenth Article of the publickConfeffion,tothe intent that tig Article (b explained , might fpeak in favour of the Zuinglian or Cmvinian Do- ctrine, concerning the impofiibility of falling from the ftate of Grace, and Juftification. Which Proportion gave a juft Occafion to Bifhop Bancroft to fpeak his fenleof theCalvinianDoGinneor Pre- defiifjation , which he called in plain terms , a defperate Do&rine. Upon whole interpofings in that particular, and a fhort Declaration made by the Dean of St. Pauls , touching fome Heats which had been raifed in Cambridg , in purfuit thereof, this fecond Motion proved as fruitlefs as the fir ft had done. 6. Nor lib.: iDieWttojpQft f*bpt*rian** $7$ 6. r in relation to the o\ Worlbip, in reference unto points oi Dodrin - iini - Di : Surplice and tl >l in Baptifm, t! Ri; id the Intel iriespr [ I alio was obferved touching fome Errors in the old I i tioi I lolpcls and !'[ iftles . av I trurgy: Bui their Ob j dYions were l«> lr.de, and the Bifbopf and Conformable Party v»< aw; ' i nor only the King's Ma jetty, but tl . Lot | his Council, being abundantly well latisfied in fuch fi mer fcrt as bad been ra'tM d agaioft the Church and the ( >rdeu it. The linn and lubttanceof which Conference , coll c&ed by the ' of Dr. BmHovc^ then Dean of Cbefter9 can hardly be abbrevia- ted to a teller compaft , without great injury to the King and the ifei rees. Let it lurlicc, that this great Mountain wnich \>.n\ railed lor expectation, was delivered only of a Moufc: The Mil/enu~ rj I ted nothing by their fruftlels travel, but thee mding of the word Abfolution. 1)\ Rewijjion of jins\ the quali- fying oi the Hnl>rn\ about private Baptifm; the adding of (bme i hanklgivings at the end ot the Letany , and of Ionic Qui I • and Anhvers in the dole of the Catechilin- But ontheoUier lide, the Brethren loft lo much in their Reputation, that the King was ve- ry well latisfied intbeweakneisof their Objections, and the Injult Oi their Cavils; inlbmuch, that turning bis head towaidsfomc of tl Lords, If this be all (quoth he) which they have to fay , In-ill either »iak$ them conform themfelves^or hurry them out of the I and , or do jomewhat which is worfe, p. 85. Which notwithstanding they gave out , v< That all was theirs 5 and that they had obtained an abfolutc <;Viaory: but more particularly , that the King gratified Dr.Rey- vc fifty years , bath been impugned of late by fome ibrry Scrib- Ppp ier» ?74 mtWm^'mfiiSbvUxims. Lib. XI. ler- of the Puritan Faction •-, and a report railed of iome Ret racial i- on which he is fabled to havemadeat thctimeof his death, cf the great wrong which he had done to Dr. Reynolds > and the reft of the Millenaries. The fillinefs of which Fiction hath bcenelfewhue canvafed , and therefore not to be repeated in this time and place. But for the clearing of that Reverend pevfon from (o foul :i Calum- ny, we (hall not make tife of any other Argument, "than the words of K.jA MES ^ who tells us in his Proclamation of the fifth of March , that he could not conceal , That the fnccrfi of that Confer - repce to as fuch as hafnetk to in any other things, which moiinggrcat ex • peUations before they be entredixto, in their ijjne produce f mall effecls ; That he found mighty and vehement Informations fupported with fo zvea\ and flender Proofs , as it appeared unto him and his Council^ that ■there wasnocaufe why any change fi:ovld be in that which was mofi im- pugned ^ namely , theBoof^ of Common-Prayer-, containingthe public^ Service of God hereeftablifocd 3 nor in the Docfrine^ which appeared to be Jtncere ; nor in the Forms and Kites ', which were jujiified out of the pra&ife of theprimitive Churrh : And finally , that though with the con- fent of the Bifljops and other Learned men then and there ajfembled^fome pajfages therein were rather explained than altered 3 yet0 that the fame might very well have been born amongfijuch men who would have made a reasonable confiruUion of them. Which I conceive to be tufficient for the vindicatiorrof that Learned Prelate, for clearing him from doing any injury to Dr. Reynolds , in the repeating of his words , as is fuggefted by iome r#rzftffcScriblersof thefe prefent times. 8. But to proceed., this Conference was followed with the Pro- clamation of the fifth of March'-) in which hisMajefty having firft declared the oceafion and iuccefs thereof, in the words formerly laid down, proceeds to fignifie the prefent courfe which he had ta- qken for caiifingthe Book of Common Prayer to be fbexplained; cand being fo explained 3 to be forthwith Printed} not doubting 'but that ail his Subjects, both Minifters and others, would receive &the fame with due reverence , and conform themfelves to it. c Which not withstanding he conceived it neceflary to make known c his Authorizing of the fame by his Proclamation, and by that Pro- clamation to require and enjoyn all men, as well Ecciefiaftical as c Temporal, to conform themfelves thereunto, as to theonlypub- c lick Form of ferving God, eftablifhed and allowed in this Realm. c Which faid, he lays a Uriel Command on all Arcb-bifhops;and Bi- c ftiops, and all other publick Minifters', as well- Ecciefiaftical as Ci- < vil j for caufing theiametobeobierved, and punifhing all Often- c ders to the contrary, according to the Laws of the Realm made in crhat.behaJf. Finally, Headmonifhethall his Subjects of what fort ♦loever , not to expect Hereafter any Alteration in the, publick &Fcriri of God's Service, from that which he had then eftablifhed. '-Acdthishe ftgnified ( as afterward it followeth in thefaid Procla- mation ) becaofethathe neither would give way ro any to pre- ftpme, ffiat his Judgment having determined in a matter of fuch 'Weight ^ftoiild be fwhyed to any A Iteration fey the FrivoIousSug- geftions Lib. XI. £^ell)fft arifc in Government, bj admitting innovation c in things once felled by mat-ire deliberation ; and how peccflary it * was to u(c conftancv in the publick Detetjninationa of all Sr.it' * for that (faith he) fiich is the urKjuictnefs and unfteadfaftnefi of */btnc difpo(itions,aliecting every year new Kornis of things , as if cthcy Ihould be followed in their unconit.ipcy, uoiil J make all Aai- consof State ridiculous and contemptible \ whereat the Ite.tdfalfc c maintaining of things by good Advice eitabliQied , is the Prelt rva- c tive and Weal of all publick Governments. 9. The main Concernments of the Chinch being thusfecured hi* Ma jetty proceeds to his rirtt Parliament 5 accompanied, is thecuftotn. is, with a Convocation ; which took beginning on the t\. e nth th t^y of M.irch then next enfuing. In the Parliament then pafl d lome Acts which concerned the Church; as namely, one foi making void all Grant' and Lcjfes whicli Ihould be made of any of the 1 audi of Arch-biihcpsand Billiop^to the King's Majctty, or any of hi-, Heirs and Succellors. for more than One and t went \ years, 01 Three Lives. Which Act was feafonably procured by Bifhop Burn-oft, to prevent the begging of the Scots , who otherwife would have picked the Church tothe very bone. There alfopattan Act for the repealing of a Statute in the Reign of Queen Mary , by m. ins whereof the Statute of King Edwunhhc fixth, touching the L 1 •• mlncfs of Mi- nittcrs Marriages, were revived again, as in t he M-Ut nary Petition was before deiired. And either by the Practife of fome ruritan Zealots, who had rheir Agents in all corners, or by the carelefnds ind conni- vence of his Ma jetty's Council, learned in the Laws of this Realm, who fhoukl have had an eye upon them, that Statute of K. EDWARD was revived alio, by which it was enacted, That all Procefles. Citati- ons, judgments. CV. in any of the Ecclefiaftical Courts, fhould be itllied in the King i> Name, and under the King's Seal of Arm'; which afterwards gave lomc colour to the Puritan Fiction , for creating trouble to the Bifhops in their Jurifdiction. The Convocation was more B&ife-j fome days* before the lifting whereof, the aloft Re- verend Arch-bilhop Wbitgift departs this life , and leaves it to the managing ot Dr. Ricb.tr J Bancroft, Bifhopof London , as the Presi- dent of ir. By whole great induftry, and indefatigable pains , a Bo- dy of Canons wjs collected, to the number of One hundred forty one, out of the Articles, Injunctions, and Synodical Afrs, during the Reignsot Qjcen £ LIl A BF i H . and K. EDWARD the lixth. Which being methodically digefted, approved of in the Convocation, and ratified by his Ma jetty's Letters Patents in due form of Law, were ftoutly put in execution bv the Did Dr Bancroft* tranflated to the See o: Canterbury in the Mont hot December. Anno 1^04. 1 . And to fay truth, it did concern him to be ief)lute in that prclecution , considering how ltnct a Bond was made bv many of the Brethren, when they agreed unto the drawing of the former Petiti- on : by which they bound tbemfelves not only to leek redrels of thole Par tieu4ar9 which are comprehended io toe iame} bxttbatthc Ppp 2 Jtatt 376 &fo feifto?P of t^ig P7£Sbpterian& Lib. Xi. # at other times can make a Mountain of a Mole-hill, if it ftand in their way : For it appears upon the Rolls brought in by Bifhop Bancroft before his death, that there had been but Forty nine deprived upon all occafionsj which in a Realm con- taining NinethoufandPariihes, could be no great matter. But Co it was, that by the punilhment of fome few of the Principals, he ftruck lusha general terror into all thereft, thatlnconformity grew out of fafhion in a lefle time than could be eafily imagined. 11. Hereupon followed a great alteration in the Face of Religi- on 3 more Churches beautified and repaired in this fhort time of his Government , than had been in many years before : The Liturgy more fblemnly officiated by the Priefts, .and more religioufly attend- ed by the common people 5 the Faffs andFeftivals more punctual- ly obferved by both , than of later times. Coaps brought again in- to the Service of the Church, the Surplice generally worn without doubt or hafitancy 5 and all things in a manner are reduced to the fame eftate in which they had been firft fetled under Queen ELIZA' BETH: which, though it much redounded to the Honour of the Church of England; yet gave it no fmall trouble to fome (ticklers i for Lib. XI. £helf)!fto?pof tbePKSbrtm in** 3 7 for die Vuni.v: Faction , i \preft iutn.. ipdalousLibe] k- ditious railing -, in which this ft ever en J Prelate lutf redbothal and dead. S< o* formerly (ublcribed burnol >nt lome jfceret i i. or mental 1. 1 i v.nion w hich the} kept to rl rn it,'' . .in-.- their Cimfoi mitj Cub- (cription. . .. ' chit wat to.be dcelartipj 1 1 • • i r the) < id villwglj be t x antro< I Ico tfje Cler- | Ui -.thir- ty I io:is ) aticli I J.iwciO/.t hied, Which l< ping them no (tarring-hplcciti l.ol Rht Ce- remonies ppnave. p| I bat which they nuant ti'>t to [l.uiilc . v had dom tn;i;i< fioped many of chem to forCikethcir.Bienehces, rather than ac- cording to the ti ltionor the ( I three Aiti- elts : An* th nopemofr emtoeti ^be- neficed at I ne in Lincoln. ,Dioce( es in a Sermon preached before the King, on die. i $tbofl*ne , i 4, w committed Prifboer: andbcingtL eBimopol / n- don to fuMcribc thole Articles, be ab rctufalof it^and prciunh thereupon aligned his Benefice, the rcaions whereof, he givis in a long Lettei to Dr« tvjffism C, batter ton , then Bilbop of Lincoln. He applied himfelf alio, both by Letter and Petition, to his Sacred VfajeiYy, clearing him ft J ( from alj intention o( preach- ing any thing in that Set mon which might give anv jult olluiceiand • .i\ mi' for .i reft it ut ion, not to hi Chun hv but onlyip his' Niaiefty's Favour. Which gaii poo the King, that he ad- i no; long attci to a peribnal Conferc nce,rec< \ ered him unto Imitation mi't-Church, horn which ry$was fallen: and final- ly ;icohi ring to tlit Kutoi \ ol Co'.jhiU. in thcCoun- i ,, ... Artei which, he became a profeP Champion of the pc of the Church ol England? both which he iuiti I theGa,viIsof the Konconjor>;iijl< , as appears by a Leai )kor his, entiiulcd. An AnJtPtr fcjojried to the ap- /./e/.cxc. publifhcd in the ) < I )i. t the gaining of this man did not (HI It he reft: Forprefcnt- i£0«? jyon: . ot this, comes out a Factious Pamphlet, publifhed by tii rre -Minifters, which they call coo- talning andiubftanceof all thole Objections which cither then were, ot formerly had been made againft the Church, inrefer- eoce to Doctrine, Go verntnept, or Forms of Worlhij . ( fining ich, it isobferved bj the (aid Dr. B*rgcj , That In found the It. of theQueftionstobe very much altered in the fa me 5 that c.irt- jorv.ht, and the reft, in the times for e-going, though the) )\m\ fharp- and Pens againft the Ceremonies, oppofed them lg inconvenient only, but not unlawful; Tlutthereton :idca- vowed to perfwade the Minifters rather tJp conform thcrafelveSjthan tokavcth j the people, rather to receive the Communion km. 1 .ling, than nut to receive the lame at all: but, that the Authors pi ook, and! Iter Pamphlets, pronounced them to be P p P (imply 378 %$t %)tfto?pef tfo ft?egop:eriang» Lib. xi. (imply unlawful, neither to be impofed nor ufed \ fbme of them thinking it a great part of godlirtefs to caft off the Surpl ice,and com- manded their Children (b to do.This made the Bifhops far more earn- eft to reduce them to a prefent Conformity s than otherwife they might have been, though by fo doing they encreafed thofedifcon- tentments, the feeds whereof were (own at the end of the Confer- ence. All this the Papijis well obferved, and rejoyced at it, intend- ing in the carrying on of the Gun-powder Treafon, to lay the guilt thereof on the Puritans only. But the King and his Council mined with them, and undermined them., and by fo doing- blew them up in their own Invention } the Tray tors being difcovered, condemned, and executed , as they moft juftly had deferved. But this Defign which was intended for a ruin of the Puritan Faction, proved in conclufion very advantagious to their Ends and Purpofes : For, the King being throughly terrified with the apprehenlion of fo great a danger, turned all his thoughts upon the Papijis, and was content to Jet the Puritans take breath, and regain fbme ftrength , that they might fervehim for a counterpoife againft the other: a- afterwards he gave fbme countenance to the Popijh Party , when he perceived the oppofite Faction to be grown too head-ftrong. Nor were the Puritans wanting to thcmielvesupon this occafion , bur entertained the Court and Countrey with continual fears of fbme new dangers from the Papifts'-> and by appearance of much zeal for the true Re- ligion, and no lefs care for the preferving of their common Liberty againft the encroachments of the Court, came by degrees to make a Party in the Houfeof Commons. And hereunto K. JAMES unwit- tingly contributed his affiftancealfo} who being intent upon uni- ting the two Kingdoms by Afl of Parliament, fuffered the Commons to expatiate in Rhetorical Speeches, to call in queftion the extent of his Royal Prerogative , to embrue many Church-concernments, and to difpute the Power of the High-Commiflion : By means whereof they came at lafttofuchan height that the King was able in the end to do nothing in Parliament, but as he courted and apply - ed himfelf to this popular Faction. 13. Worfe fared it with the Brethren of the Separation, who had retired themfelves unro Amjierdam'm the former Reign, than with their firft Founders and Fore-fathers in the Church of England: For having broken in (under the bondofpeace^ they found no poffibility of prelerving the Jpirit of unity, one Separation growing continu- ally on the neck of ano her, till they were crumbled into nothing. The Brethren of the firft Separation had found fault with the Church of England for reading Prayers and Homilies as they lay in the Book, ana not admitting the Presbytery to take place amongft them. But the Brethren of the fecond Separation take as much di- ftafte againft retaining all fet-forms of Hymns and P (alms, commit- ting their Conceptions, both in Praying and Prophefying , tothe help of Memory; and did as much abominate Presbytery, as the other liked t : For firft, They pre-fuppofe for granted, as they fafe- Jy might , that there be three kinds of Spiritual Worfhip , Prayings Trophe- — ■ — • — — _— ________ Lib. XI. £h fthfp'j PLdwr'- kwd in whichrdl agreed, i tolay, i - thel. l-!f!ps iti all the pamof Spiritual V, Out,' Jld I. .k; ;; i •. d in nny one. during the p :ng or that Worliup. lipun ivJ ooridthey charge ;t bctoie on their feliow-S. ; nraii! s. I /// Vrayer. the hook iftobelaidiifide^ l>y tie ecvfejjion o) .'/.-; , v , "Brethren of the Separation ,fonuJt it tin prop/. fag of rj.tlms ; and therefore, whether we pr ay. or five, or pt •h not to he from the Bool;, tut out of the hart, lor Pi hexr, rhey rcH us, thatt he Spirit it* quenched tux) manner ul by Memorv, aswclia*. Readings And to maki u !..>w J:ti ufi ;' Memorv in the Ace of Prophttvine or 1 thev tell us, Thatthecirmgof Chapter and Vt.L , >guled by Chrilcmu his Apoltles in their Sermons oc Wn i or" Antichvifr. And tlm* ;'• which exu o. Spiritual Worfhip, thev propole f hefe Queri ;. . / .* I ilm a vt.in n/t/Ji be tyedio Nketer.Rythmc , audi i; // quenching the Spirit ? 14. According to which Resolution of the Nen Separation^' rvrran, when the Congregation lhall be met together, may Befit con- ceive his own Matter in the Art of Praifing ; deliver it in Profeor Mectcr,ashc lifts himlMf; and in the fame inftant chant out in what Tune rbever, that which comes rtrlr into his own head: Which would be inch a horrible confuiionof Tongues and Voices, that hardly any howling or gnaihingor. teeth, can be like unto it. And yet it follows fbdire&ly on the former Principles, that if we banifh all let-forms of Common- Prayer , (which is but only one part of Gods Publiek Worfhip) from the ule of the Church, we cannot but in Jultice and inReafbn both, banHhaJl fiudiedand pre- meditated Sermons . fromthe Houfe of God, and utterly caft out all King David's Pfalms , (whether in Prole or-Mecter, that cor nil to < and all Divine Hymns alio into the bargai - to Fortnsof Government, they declared thus, (or to this put p. fe rheicafW, if my memory fail not ) That as thev which live under tbc Tyranriyt F the Pope and Cardinals, worthip the very 7<'.\//r it Cdl which live under the Government of A -. hops a; [hip the Jm.ige of the heajh-, lo thev ivl ;l- HrrtjTy 'obey trie Reformed Pre of Pal re indO '■.'ih'j Jh.ulcirrf that intake. To fic'i ridicutOUH ; n cotnmonly brought j when once pj ^g on Come Nea> \hi to direct their Actions they fuller thcmk'< ■ mif-g the ttnk fituufcf their own Inventions And in i] ■vod the I i of the I '-on, Annn . whcnSm/to blilhed his Book of the prefent differences bet* the of the rpdrdtian, as he honeftly I xm. But a ter- '•:'•« a another great difpute between jtittfirtrt ■ . ■ • . ihcr the Colour of Aaron* I ii of Bit jSo jEi)eB)itto?poftt3ep?e9;bFtgrmng, Lib, xi. Blew , or a Sea-water Green: Which did not only trouble all the • Dyers in Amjlcrdam \ but drew their feveral Followers into Sides and Factions, and made good fport to all the World, but themfelves alone. By reafon of which Divifions and Sub-divilions s they fell at lad into Co many Fractions, that one of them in the end became a Church of himfelf, and having none to joyn in Opinion with him, baptized himfelf, and thereby got the name of a Se-bapt7Ji 5 winch never any Sectary or Heretick had obtained before. 15. It fell not out much otherwife in the Belgick, Provinces, with thole of the Calvinian Judgment , who then began to find fome di- minution of that Power and Credit wherewith they carried all be- fore them in the times preceding. Junius , a very moderate and learned man, and one of the Profeflbrs for Divinity in the Schools of Ley den , departed out of this life in the fame year alfb} into whofe Place the Overfeers,or Curatory as they call them, of that Univerfity, made choice of Jacob Van Harmine, a man of equal Learning, andnoleis Piety. He had for fifteen years before, been Paftor ( as they love to phrafe it ) to the great Church of Amfterdam\ the chief City of Holland 5 during which time he publiftied his Dif- courfe againft the Doctrine of Fredefiination , as laid down by per. kjnsj who at that time had printed his Armilla Aurea , and therein Hiftified all the Rigours of the Supra-lapfarians. Encouraged with his good fuccefs in this Adventure , he undertakes a Conference on the lame Argument, with the Learned Junius , one of the Sub-lapfa- rian Judgment} thefum whereof being fpread abroad in feveral Papers, was afterward fet forth by the name of Arnica C otiatio. By- means whereof, as he attained a great efteem with all moderate raens fo he exceedingly exafperated moil: of the Calvinian Miniilers, who thereupon oppoled his coming to Ley den with their utmoft power9 accufing him of Heterodoxies and unfound Opinions, to the Coun^ cil of Holland. But the Curators being eonftant in their Refoluti- ons, and Harntin having purged himfelf from all Crimes objected, before his Judges at the Hague 3 he is difpatched for Leyden, admit- ted by the Univerfity, and confirmed by the Eftate: Towards * oh w/r^ m- which, the Teitimonial-Letters fent from Amjlerdam, did not help cuifatx,j 3 integxitatem, appear , exemplified in an Oration which was made at his Fu- tfwuc.Orar. neral. 16. By which Attractiveshe prevailed as much amonglt the Stu- dents of Ley den , as he had done amonglt the Merchants at Antfter- dam. For during the Jhort time of his fitting in the Chair of Ley den, he drew unto him a great part of that Univerfity } who by the Piety of the man, his powerful Arguments, his extream diligence in that place , and the clear light of Reafon which appeared in all his Difcourfes , became fb wedded at the laft unto his Opinions, that no time or trouble could divorce them from Harmin: Dying in the year 1609, the Heats betwixt his Scholars, and thofe of a contra- ry Perfwafion , were rather encreafed than abated 5 the more encreafed Lib. XL JEbe'tmftozp of the ft'csbptenang, 38 encrealed for want ot fuch prudent Moderators as had before prefer- ved the Churches horn a publick Rupture. The breach between. irum growing wider tad wider, each fide thought fit to trek i countenance of the State; and the \ did accordingly. Fo: in the year IpIO, the Followers of Armtnius addrefs theil /' (containing the Antiquity of their Doctrines, and the fubfrai them) to the States of HoU.ml. which wa int ed prefentljf a Contr.t-Rcniur/Jir.ifne^ t:\h\bv fhbfe of Calvin- Party : Ire hence 1 lie Name or RcntoK'jir.mtr/Mni Co/:tr,i-L •-.irt< I quern in their Books ami Writings. V\ hich though it brought iomc trouble for the ptclent on the Churches 6f Holland, conduced much more to the advantage el the Church of tLnglstd, whole Doctrine in thole points had been (p over-born, M not quite fupprefled, I thofe of the Cah /man Party, that it was almott reckoned for a Be* relic to be found and Orthodox, according to the tenonr of the Bo of Articles, and other publick Monuments of the Religion ht Law eftabliQicd. For being awakened by the noife of the /■•./.;/<£ Troubles, molt men began to look about them, to fearch more nar- rowly into the I.)ochincs of the Church, and by de I i propa- gate, maintain, and teach them againft all Oppofers. as fhall a] •; t more largely and particularly in another place. 17. At the fame time more troubles were pro u the Realm of Sweden ^ Prince Si^ijmund, the eldeft Son of John , and the Grand-child of Guji.ivus Eric us , the fir ft King of that Family . wal in his Father's life-time chofen King of Poland, In reference to his Mother, the Lady Catherine, Sifter to SIC1SM7MD the Second* But either being better pleafed with the Court of PoLwd , or not permitted by that people to go out of the Kingdom, he left the Go- vernment of Sweden to hb Unkle CHARLES- a Princeof no fmall Courage, but of more Ambition. Atfirft he governed all ArTafr's Lord Deputy only , but pra&ried by degrees the exercife of a great- er Power than was belonging to a Vice-Roy. Finding the Int; rans not fo favourable unto his Deligns, as he conceived that he had merited by his Favours to them, he railed up a Calmntan Party within the Realm, according to whole Principles he began firfr to withdraw his obedience from his Natural Prince , and after ro at- fume the Government to himfelf. But tirit , hefuffersall Affairs • fall into great Diforders, the Realm to be invaded bv the Afuf'co- vites on the one tide, by the Danes OQ the Other, that to the people might be caft on fomeneceflity of putting themfelve :telv un- der his protection. In which difrraainn*. he is carnctr! v lolieitcd by all forts of people, except only thofcof his own Party, to accept the Crowns which he contents to at thelafr, as*lf forced unto it by the neceflitiesof hisCountrcv. But he lo play'd his Game withall.that he would neither take the lame, nor protect the Sub] • till a Law was made for entailing the Crown for ever onto his Pofterity, whe- ther Male 0xEim.1l: asan Heredirarv Kir^dom. In nil which Plots andPurpotes.be thrived lo luckily , ( if to ufurp another Princ. Realm ruay be culled Good luck^) that after a long Warr , and lome . Qe|f] oody $8* 3Lt)t I^iftojp of tfte i&;e8Wenan& Lib. xi. Bloody Vi&ories, he forced his Nephew to defift from all further Enterprises 9 and was Crowned King at Stockholm \ in the year i ($07. But as he got this Kingdom by no better Title than of Force and Fraud «, fo by the fame, the Daughter of his Son Gujlavus Adolphuf, was diverted of it, partly compelled , and partly cheated out of her Eftate. So fbon expired the Race of this great Politician, that many thoulands of that people whofaw thefnft beginning of it, li- ved to fee the end. 18. Such Fortune alfb had the Trench Calvihians in their glorious Projects, though afterwards it turned to their deftruction. For in the year 1603 , they held a general Synod at Cappe in Daulphine, anciently the chief City of the Apencenfes , acid at this time a Bi- fhop's-See. Nothing more memorable in this Synod (as to points of Doctrine) than, that it was determined for an Article of their Faith, That the Pope was. Antichrifi. But far more memorable was it for their Ufurpations on the Civil Power. For at this Meeting they gave Audience to the Ambafladors of fbme Forreign States , as if they had been a Common- wealth diftindt from the Realm of France. More than which, they audacioufly importuned the King (of whofe affection to them they prefumed too far ) by their (everal Agents, for liberty of going wherefoever they lifted, or fending whomsoever they pleaied, to the Councils and Ailemblies of all Neighbouring- Eftates and Nations which profeft the fame Religion with them. This, though it had not been the firft, was looked on as (htir great- eft encroachment on the Royal Authority;, which in conclufion pio- vedthe ruin of their Caufe and Party. For what elfe could this aim at, (as was well obfervedby the Kingthen reigning ) but to make themfelves a State diftinct and independent, toraife up a new Com- monwealth in the midft of a Kingdom, and to make the Schifm as great in Civil, as in Sacred matters: Which wrought fo far upoa the Councils of his next SuccefTor , who had not been trained up amongft them as his Father was, that he rtfolved to call them to a ibber reckoning on the next occafion, and to deprive them all at once of thofe Powers and Priviledges which they fo wantonly abu- led unto his difturbance. Of which wefhall fpeak more hereafter in its proper place. 1605. *n (ke mean time let us crols over into Scotland , where all Affairs moved retrograde, and feemed to threaten a relapfe to their old Confufions. A general AlTembly had beeH intimated to be held at Aberdeen , in the Month of jfo/y, Anno 4604: which by reafbn that the King was wholly taken up with effecting the Union, was adjourned to the fame Month , in the year next following. In the mean feafbn, (bmeof the more Factious Minifters, hoping to raife no fmall advantage to themfelves and their Party, by the abfence of id many perfbns of moft Power and Credit, began to entertain new Counfeis for the unravelling of that Web. which the King had lately wrought with fuch care and cunning. The King hears of it, and gives Order tofufpend the Meeting till his further Pleafure were declared* Wherein hewasfo farobeved by the major part, that of Lib. xi. gfte |j)ifto?p of tlje p^gbptmanar. 58^ the fifty Presbyteri » which 4 ole Kingdom \ Anno nine only I ut Commiuioncrs to attend ai When the, day came, the Mcci fbihinandfkurkr • appeared not above ope and twenty ,'w'htn they w • a Untthey ulil' fuck ai wen rcfi/Ivedtofrand ftoutly to it,each m coi ghim|rU able, intheCaufeyf ( l >mak< nee to an Air.,-., i he Laird o( / vcrtjlon commai m in the Kii Na^ne to return ti I Houtcsjfodfl unlaw! m- biy , and not torn i any publjt k < ' huich, but by his Ma jelly's Appoint rricntl !:<) an ei f: they vvcrc aflt mblcd at tliat time and place. aCCdi God- and tht I •>( the Land: an ;, that I the Liberties of the Kirk otStpil ing fuch unlawful Prohibitions. Whichfaid, and having dcltrc'd nim to withdraw i wbile, th< e choice of one Forpe j for their Mbderafoi . and (u journed tbcnifelv< iq September following. L0*r£/?0»therenipoh denounced them r\c bejs ; apd tearing thai affront might he put upon him onlequcntlj ontneKing, in whbie arm ; edsbe feeks for Remedy and Prevention, to the Lords of the Coun- cil: t orbej and \Velch , tlie two chief (ticklers intheCauie, are by ijicm convent < d j and not abating any thing of their former obQina- both tent Prilbncrsunto Bhcfacfj : A day i- given for tte appearance ot the teft, which was the third day ot oHohcr'^ at what time thirteen of the number made acknowledgment of their offence, and humbly fiipplic.itcd , that their LordlVlipS would endeavour to procure their Pardon: the reft rcm.iiningin their dHbbedience , are by the Lorand put themielves upon the tryaldfrtw \ilembly, a- theil lawful Judg. Before they were convented only for their Dil lience; but by this Declinator, they have made thcmfclv. Jraytors. The King is certified of all this 3 and being refblved up- on the maintenance oi his own Authority, g.ivcoider, I hat the Law Lhouldf. ac< onbngtothc Statute mace in Parlia- i ?4 30c ffiftoff of tfrt f>it$mmm8> Lib. xi. merit, Anno 1584. Hereupon Forbes, Welch, Duncans, Sharps Davie, Stmghan, are removed from Blackpefs , arraigned at an Afiize held in Ltnlithgoe\ found guilty by the Jury, and condemned to deaths but all of them returned to the'r feveral Priibns, till the King's Plea- sure fhould be known for their Execution. The Mclvins, and (bme 01 her of the principal Zealots, caufed Prayers and Supplications to be made in behalf of the Tray tors, though they had generally re- fufed to perform that office when the King's Mother was upon the point of lofing her life, upon a more unwarrantable Sentence of Condemnation. This brought forth firft a Prcclamation,inhibiting all Minifters to recommend the condemned perlbns unto God in their Prayers or Sermons, and afterwards, a Letter to fbrne Chiefs amongft them, for waiting on His Majefty at the Court in England, where they fhould be admitted to a publick Conference, and have the King to be their Judg. 20. Upon this Summons there appear in behalf of the Church, the Arch-bifhopsof St. Andrews and Clafgow, the Bifhopsof Orkney and Galloways together with Nicolfon, the defigned Bifhopof Dun- kseden: And for the Kirk, the two Melvins, Colt, Carmichall, Scot, Balfour, and Watfon. The place appointed for the Conference, was Hampton-Court, at which they all attended on Septemb. 20. But the Kirk-Party camerefolved ueither to fatisfie the King, nor be fatisfi- ed by him, though he endeavoured all fit ways for their information. To which end he appointed four Eminent and Learned Prelates to preach before them in their turns: the firft of which, was Dr. Bar* low, then Bilhop of Rochefter , who learnedly after ted the Episco- pal Power, out of thofe words to the Elders zxEphefus , recorded 4&s2o. v. 28. The ftcond was1 Dr. Buckeridg, then Ma ft er of St. Johns Colledgin Oxen, and afterwards preferred to the See of Ro- chefier'-) who no lefs learnedly evinced the King's Supremacy in all Concernments of the Church 5 felecling for his Text., the words of fame Apoftlc, Rom. 191 v. 1 . Next followed Dr. Andrews, then Bi- fhopof Chzcbejieri who taking for his Text thole words of Alofes, viz. Make thee two Irumpets of fi her, &c. Numb' 10. v. 2. convin* cingly demonftrated out of all Antiquity, That the calling of all Ge- neral and National Councils, had appertained untothe Supreme Chrjftian Magiftrate. Dr. King,, then Dean of Clriji- church, biings up the Rear v and taking forhisText thofe words of the Canticles, Cap. 8. v. 11. difproved the calling of Lay-Elders, as men that had no Power in governing the Church of Chrift; nor were fb much as heard of in the Primitive times. But neither the Learned Difcourfes of thefe Four Prelates* nor the Arguments of the Scottifl) Biftiops, nor the Authority and Elocution of the King, could gain at all on thefe deaf Adders, who came rcfolved not to hearthe voice of thofe Charmers, charmed they never fo wifely. Thus have we feen them in their Crimes,and now we are to look upon them in their feveral Pun- ifhments. And firft, the Minifters which had been fummoned into England, were there commanded to remain until further. The fix which were condemned for Treafon^ were fentenced by the King to Lib. xi JDielbilTupoftte p;Mfo?tcrian£. a,Sc. to prrpetu.nl banifhm ■ t ind nein i to return to then Nativt (:rm viijuin pain of death. And as tor t ho: bhad ackn ed tit! ice, and fubmttted to met < , were confined unoo the files, arid out partsof the K ngdom , wheretb ifiiblt work fomegood,buf could do no h.um. After which, Andrew Md- 7 ///having made iou I ibei againft the Altai , and the Kurni" rare rhereof a in Hi» Ma^tfty** Chapptl , was brought into i Chamber by an Ore tttt*<. iWhete he behaved himtdt to nuUpcttly t< ward all the; I. olds, ami more particularly towar ,i- (hop of C.intcrbury. that he was kntenced to imprilonaitnt in the 'lower ot London , and there remained till he was bogged by the Duke of Vmti lion , and by him made protellorot {Divinity in the School ot Sid tn. .1. Dunn;/ the time that all men's Ivc \ uu d on the ilfue ot thi» grear 1 >ifpute , the King thought htroc.dl.i Parliament in t/und. which he managed by Sir Ciurcv Hume hie riidit trulrv Sei- \ -it. not long before cr< arlot Arthur, an e Lord In finer ot rhat Kingdom. His chief VVotk u as to lettU r h* -Am hoi try or' the King-, and the Calling or Bithops, that they might mutually i -ort inch other in the Government ot the Church and State It Was mppoleil , that no tmall oppolition would be made J gain ft him by lomc ruritan Miniit* died in great numbers ro the Town, asontheir part^ it w awetolved on. But he apply ed himlllr unto them w ith luchAitand Prudence, that having taken oil thtir C^, the Acts palled eahly enough with the Lords and Commons. By the firlt Act the King's Prerogative was confirmed ovei .ill Per- rons, and in all CauKs whatloevei : Which node Him much m<.; Ablolute in all Affairs which had relation to the Church, than he had been formerly And bv the next, entituled. A* Aci for Reji tut ion of the Fji.itc of B/Jhops^ the Name of Bijl'ops was conferred fepon Inch of" theMinilkcW. a-> bvthe King were nominated imto any of the Biliiop-Se^. and thereby authorized to have place in ParJiaJ ment : Ac alto taken by it , to repollcfs rhc Kilhor* of the Lands of ihcii levtral Churches, .is well as their 1 ides and De- gree: not that a Plenarv re-poildiion ot their Lands was then | ven unto turn; but. that by a Repeal ot the late Act of Anne\a- fion the Kin put into a capacity ot reltoring to much ot the Rents Rsremamedjn the Crown,, uul otherwile providing tor them i" out of his Revenues. And, that the like diltraitiou might not be made ot ihcir i r r<. tor the time to come, an Aaujs palled tor retraining fiieh DilapidatidM .:> had impoveriih'd all the Bilhopricks* i rhe Reformation. After which, and the dooming of thcgieat- tr Bet lots to their h vcral Punilhmer ;ieral Alien- blv at l.inlith^oir in 1 . < < mi h r tollou ing : ar w: mvened On humired thirl I ViinKters, and about I hitT) three ot the Nobi- lity and principal Gefftry< In this Aliemblv it was offered in behalf his M trail Presbyteries fbould have their comtanc Moderato ofe encouragement hirMa jell) would affiga to each of them a yearly ttipend , amounting to One hundred pouu'ds, Q^cjcj a or ?M $$t tetftoff of tfee ffjegbpteriang* Lib. XL or Two hundred Marks in the. 6*^^ account : That the Bifhcps fhould be Moderators of all Presbyteries in the Towns and Cities where they made their residence 3 as alfo, in Provincial and Dioce- fan Synods : and that the Bifhops fhould aflume upon themfelves the charge of profecuting rapijts , till they returned to their obedience to the King and the Church. In the obtaining of which Acts, there was no fmall difficulty , but he obtained them at the laft , though not without fome limitations and reftridtions fuper-added.to them, under pretence of keeping the Commiilioners ( hereafter to be cal- led Bifljops ) within their bounds. • 22. The Pre/^/er/4»/}notwithftanding, were not willing to for- go their Power } but ftrugling, like half-dying men betwixt life and death, laid hold on all advantages which were offered to them, in oppofitionto the Acts before agreed on. Cladfianes , Arch-bifhop of St. Andrews, taking upon him to prefide as Moderator in the Sy- nod of Fife, being within his proper Diocefe and Jurifdiction, was for a while oppofed by fome of the Minifters , who would have gone to an Election as at other times. The Presbyteries alfo in fome places, refuted to admit the Bifhops for their Moderators, according to the Acls and Constitutions of the faid AiTembly. Which though it put the Church into ibmediforder, yet the Bifhops carried it at the laft, the ftouteft of the Minifters fuhmitting in the end unto that Authority which they were not able to contend with. In which 1609. conjuncture the King gives order for a Parliament to be held in June$ in which He palled fome fevere Laws againft the Papifts^ prohibit- ing the fending of their Children to be educated beyond the Seas, and giving order for the choice of Pedagogues or Tutors to inftrucT: them there 5 as alfo , againft Jefuits , and the Sayers and Hearers of Mafs. The cognizance of feveral Caufes which anciently belonged to the Bifhops Courts, had of late times been fetled in theSefiionsor Colledg of Juftice: But by an Act of this Parliament, they are levered from it , and the Epifcopal Jurifdiction reftored as formerly* the Lords of the Seffion being, in lieu thereof, rewarded with Ten thoufand pounds yearly , ( which muft be underftood according to the Scottifh account ) out of theCuftomsof that Kingdom. It was enacted alio , That the King from thenceforth might appoint fuch Habit as to him feemedbeft, to Judges, Magiftrates, and Church- men. Which Acts being paft, Patterns were lent from London , in a ftiort time after, for the Apparel of the Lords of the Seffion, the Juftice, and other inferior Judges:, for the Advocates, the Lawyers, the Commiiiairs,and all that lived by practife of the Law 3 with a command given to every one whom the Statutes concerned, to pro- vide themfelves of the Habits prefcribed , within a certain fpace, under the pain of Rebellion. But for the habit of the Bifhops, and other Church-men, it was thought fit to refpite the like appointment of them, till the new Bifhops had received their Coniecration 5 to which now we haften. 29. But by the way, we muft take notice of fuch preparations as were made towards it in the next General Allembly|heid at Glafgowy Anno Lib. xi. 5Chel|3i(lo2P of the pjesbptmans- $87 Anno I^IO, and managed by the Earl of Dunbar, as the former \v.u>: hi which it was concluded. Thtt the t\tn% jiwuLl f n: aid ten of all Ccncr.r! A'Jemblics. '/hat the ti/jbops, or their Deput.es , Ji'oxUbe perpetual Moderators of the Dtotcfan Synod*. 'Ib.it me ExctmttmitrtiM* tion^ or Abfohttton , Jhould ie [ronoituced nithcut their apprc That aUprefent it ions of henijii es Jhould be m idt i ' ; them the deprivation or fufyenfton of Mimjiers. jhouldbclonv to their every Mimjler, .it his admtjjion to a llemju r, J< on 1. 1 /.;/•-• < \ u premary^and Canonical Obedience: 'jh.it the I ijltation oj the Dip (hull be performed by the Kijhop or hh Deputy only. And finally, 'lhaJ the Eijbop Jhould be Moderator of all Conventions . f, r t xerciJtHgl or rro?hcljwgs,(cz\\ them which you u ill) n hub Ji.oitld he held ivithiv thtir bounds. All which Conclulions were connrtni r ot Par- liament, in the year !^i : : in which the Eail or Duvifcrlwg , then being Lord Chancellor of that Kingdom, (atcaachief Comunliicn- er; who in the Time Seiiion, alio, procured a EbepeaJ of all (uch former Acts (more particularly, or thai which palled in favour or the Dil- cipliiK',159:.) as were (iippolrd to be demotion ro the 1 lid Conclu- sions. In the mean time- the King being advert iled of all which had been dene at Chfgorc, calls to the Court by (fecial Letters tinder his Sign-Manual, Mr. "John Spotfivood , thedefagned Arch-bifhop of ClaC^ovc: Mr. C.nren Hamilton , nominated to the See of (.alloway: and Wx. Andrew Lamb, appointed to the Church of Brahm -. to the intent that being confecrated Bilhops in due form and Older, tluy might at their return give c >: I crat ion tothe reft of the ii -brethren. They had before been authorised to vote in Parliament j commen- ded by the King unto their fcvcial Sees , made the perpetual Mo- deratorsof Presbyteries and Dioccfin Synods: and finally, by' Conclulions made at Glafgtm, they were reltorcd to all coni; bleActsof their Jurildicrion. The Character was only wanting to complcatthe Work, which could not be imprinted but by Conlc- cration according to the Rules and Canons of the Primitive- time-. 24. And that this Character might be indelibly imprinted on them. Hi-> M.i"(r.\ iflues a Commifiion under the Great Seal of Eng- land, tothe Bifhops of London, Ely. Wells, and Rochejier , wherebv they were required to proceed to the Conlecration of thelaidrhrce Biflfiops , according to the Rules of the V.mdijh Ordinal ion 5 which - by them performed with all due iolcmmty, intheChappel of theBifhopof London's Houfe, near the Church of St. Tauls , Odfob. 31, 1^10. But firft, a fcruple had been moved l>. ilhop ol Ely, concerning thecapacityoi the perfbns nominated, fbrreoaii vingthe Epifcopal Confecration , in regird that none of them had tbrniully been ord. lined Priefrs: which fcruple was icmovcd by Arch-bifhop Bancroft , alledging. that there was • necelTity of receiving the Order of Prielihood , but that Lpilcopal Conle- crations might be given without it ; as might have been exemplified In the Cafes of Ambrofe and KeUarius \ of which, the hrlt was made Arch-bifhop of MiU.un , and the other., Patriarch of Conjtantmople, without $as jKfo feitto?p of tty pzesbpteriang. Lib, xi without receiving any intermediate Orders, whether of Prie(r,Dea- * con, or any other (if there were any other) at that time in the Church. And on the other fide, the Prelates of Scotland alfb had their Doubts and Scruples, fearing left by receiving Confecration of the Enghffj Bifhops , they might be brought to an acknowledg- ment of that Superiority which had been exer'cifed and enjoyed by the Primates of England , before the fir ft breaking out of the Civil Warrs betwixt Tor\nnd Lancajler. Againft which fear, the King fufficiently provided, by.excluding the two Arch-bifhops of Can- terbury and Tork ( who only could pretend to that Superiority )out of His Commiffion h which Bancroft very cheerfully condeicende'd to, though he had chiefly laid the plot 5 and brought on the work 5 not caring who participated in the Honour of it > as long as the Churches of both Kingdoms might receive the Benefit. 25. This great Work being thus pad over, the King erecls a Court of High Commijfion in the Realm of Scotland , for ordering all mat- ters which concerned that Church, and could not fafely beredrefTed in the Biftops Courts. He alio gave them iome Directions for the better exercifeof their Authority , by them to be communicated to the Bifhops, and fome principal Church-men [ whom he appointed to be called to Edenborough in the following February; where they were generally well approved. But as all general Rules have fome Exceptions:, fo fome Exceptions were found out againft thefeCom- miiTions, and the proceedings thereupon. Not very pleafing to thole great Peribns who then fate at the Helm, and looked upon it as a diminution to their own Authority , and could not brook that any of the Clergy fhould be raifed to fo great a Power} much more difc pleafing to the principal (ticklers in the Caufe of Presbytery , who now beheld the downfall of their glorious Throne, which they had erected forthemfelvesintheNameof Chrifr. One thing per- haps might comfort them in the midft of their forrows, that is to lay, the death of the mod Reverend A rch-bifhop Bancroft, who left this life upon the fecond of November , not living above thirteen days after the Scottip Bifhops had received Confecration. For which great bleffingto the Church, he had fcarce time to render his juft ac- knowledgments unto God and the King, when he is called on to prepare for his Nunc Dimittis. And having fecn fb great a work ac- complifhed for the glory of God,' the honour of hisMajefty, and the good of both Kingdoms, befeecheth God to give him leave to depart in peace, that with his eyes he might behold that great Salva- tion which was ordained to be a Light unto the Gentiles, and to be the Glory of his people ifrael. 16, Bancroft being dead, fome Bifiiops of the Court held a Cor> fultation touching the fitteft Perfon to fucceed him in that eminent Dignity : The great Abilities and moll: exemplary Piety of Dr. Lancelot Andrews, then Biftiop of Ely , pointed him out to be the man 9 as one fufficiently able to difcharge a Truft of fuch main im- portance i and rather looked on as a Preferment to that See , than preferred unto it. Him they commended to King JAME6^ who had him ab. XI. jEhelOifto^oftbc PhSbrn B. him ina highclteem for his Pans and 1 ict\ dalhhii they rhought. in io j | oikure, that Ionic of them retired t< Countrcy-roulcs, and others llackned tluii attendance about l Court. Which opportunity being taken byj >*f/'>jr, puts m for Abbot, who h.ul attended him in .li- ons with the K.i, coi!.iti J. Upon the n rii he was preferred lnlttothc See ol Litchfield^ his Epitcopal Confecratipg <;n the *hhd of De< within thjq comp.us of the \ car, \. i.irwM, refolvcd to advance him h Andhcput in fb powerful- ly on his behalf, that at lalt he i the gre it <:■• the Church, as itafter proved -veil obierveth - him, heiccnicd to lie Utter qu« • \t Dignity, than witba jj/irit in,n\r.:i ■ itn liack and negligent in the couifeol h Itooindul- geot to that Party, which Ea/..>oJth.\d kej m ifu juftfe- verity. But ruke his Character in the woi it laid Hifrorian, and we fball find that he was a man too facil and yeeldmg in the < ctcifc ot that great Office : that by bis txtraordinary rt mifnefx in not ex.iUi • » conformity to the prefer ibed Orders cf ti. t Chun h in point of Cere m oay , he famed to refolve thoje Legal determinations to their ji'rft indifferent): and linally, That he brought in fitch * habit oj Nonconformity , that the future redu&ion of thofc tender Confienced- aentod long difcor.twued obedience , was at thelaft interpreted for arj Innovation. 27. But to go forwards where wc left j Bancroft being dead , the EngliJJ) Puritans begjn to put forth again, not pulhing at the Liturgy pad Epifcopal Government fas in fotmer times)} but in nuriuance of the Sabbatarian. .ind Caiviman Rigors : Which having been ad- vanced in the year 159$, as is there declared , and afterward laid alide till a fitter fcafon, v. erenow thought fit to be re-fumed as the moft proper Mediums for inferring the dclircd Concluhon. In both which, they received lomc countenance from K. JJXlkS himfelf, but more from the connivence ( if I may not call it, the encourage- ment) of the new Arch-billiop. In reference to the liifr, the King J*atl publifheda Proclamation in the lirftycar of his Reign, prohibit- ing lorae rude and difordcrly Paftimes , ( as namely. Ball , Baitings, Lear-baitings, and common Interludes) horn being followed on the Sunday , becaufethc\ drew away much people from God's publick Service. Ami he had cauied the Moralit) of the Lord's-day-Sab- th, to be confirmed amongll the reft of the Inf Articles. Anno i.'l5, ^t,, which more anon. Which Condefcentions were (o huf- . y the Puritan Faction, that by the railing of the Sabbath, they jcl tbeFeftivals; and with the Feftivals. all thdfe anci- ent and Annual Faff* which had been kept upon the Eves. And fol- lowing dole* upon the Doctrines of Aerius, before rcmembred,rhey iotro . 'V little and little. a general neglect of the Weekly Fafb, -of£. in a Pafiion-Sermon, 1613, he was mo^ ^arply reprehend- ed by the Repetitioner, for (b great a faucinels. Dr. John Houfon^ one of the Canons of that Church , who had moft worthily discharged the Office of Vice-Chancellor twelve years before, declared him- felf fomewhat to the prejudice of the Annotations which were made on the Genevian Bibles , and for (b doing, is condemned to a Recan- tation much about that time s though the faid Annotationshadbeen cenfured for their partiality and ftditioulnefs, by the Tongue of K. JAMES. And finally. Dr. William Laud , being then Prefident of St. Johns Colledg, had Showed himfelf no Friend to Calvinifm^ in Doctrine or Discipline , and mull: be therefore branded for a Papji, in a publick Sermon preached upon Eajier Sunday , by Dr. Robert Abbots then Vice-Chancellor and Doftor of the Chair inthatllni- verfity: Which paflages foclofely following upon one another, oc- fioned f as moft conceived ) the publilhing of fome. Directions by His Ma jefty, in the year next following : Jn which it was injoyned, among other things, That young Students in Divinity Jlwuld be di- rected to fiudy fuch Books as were mofi agreeable in DoUrine and Difci- pline to the Church of England, and be excited to bejiow their time in the Fathers and Councils 3 School-men^ Hiftories, and Controverts^, and Lib. xi. £tieV)i(tittp of the pje*brteriar£. *y. ■ - . * and not to infiji too long upon Compendium s and Abbrevi.it on, nuking them the grounds of thofe S*Cttd Siudiei. Which as it was the- Inlt great blow which was given tO Calvinijm , i> WAS it. tollou.-d not lougafrcT.by the Kiiu/'s Infiruihons touching Vrcn hinsanilVria : rs. In which it was precisely cautioned amongit other things, That no rr<- t>her,of rvhat'litle foever, under the Degrei of ,i fit/hop. or De*n.tt the leajl ) JhouLl from them ,■ forth pre/time to pre.uh in any popular Auditory, the deep point f of ?rede\iinatio;i , Elt&ioti, liepr filiation^ oroftheZ>niverf.ility^Ffj:ea.ity,KtfiJitbility . or Irrefijtibility. of Gods Graces but Jhould rather leave thoje'lheams to be handled by L earned mcn\ its bein^ Jitter for Schools and Vniverftttes^ than for Qm^le Au- ditories. Which laid Inltructions bearing date at U'm.llor , on t he 10th of Au^ul't , 1^22 , opened the way to the fuppremon of that heat and lierccnels by which ihe Cahimjis had been acted in feme years fore- going. 29. During which Hcatsand Agitations between the Parties, a plot was let on foot to lubvert the Church, in the undoing or the Clergy 3 and therecould be no readier w.iv to undo the Clergy, than to reduce them unto luch a Beggerly Competency {for by that name they love to call it) as they had brought them to in all the re r of the C.i.'riKian or Genevian Churches. I Ins the delign of many hands, by whom all pallagcs had been (cored in Cotton'* Library, which either did relate to the point of Tythes, or the manner oi payment. But the Collections being brought together, and the Work compleated , there appealed no other Name before it, than that or" Selden , then of great Credit in the World for his known Abilities in the retired Walks or Learning. The liijlory of 'l)thes writ In inch an Author, could not but raife much expectation nmongtc lomeof the Laity, who for a long time had gaped after the Church's Patrimony, and now conceived and hoped to fwallow it down without any chewing. The Author highly magnified, the Book held unanfwerable, and all the Clergy looked on but as Pig- mies to that great Goliah, who in his Preface had reproached them with I&wmrimct and LMtamefi j upbraided them with having nothing to keep up their Credit, but Beard, Title,. md Habit ; and that their (tunics reached no further than the Breviary, the rojiills , and the Vilyantbea. Provoked wherewith, he was (b galled by Tillejly, Co gag- ged by Mount andltungby Netles ; that he never came off in toy ot his Undertaking-;, with more lols of Credit. By which he found, that lomeof the Ignorant M\e\ Lazy Clergy, were of ;isit- tired Studies as himielf $ and could not only match, but over-much him too, in his own Philology. But the chiet Governours of the Church went a Ihorterway, and not expecting till the Book was anfwered by particular men, rciolved to leek tor reparation of the wiong, horn the Author himlelt, upon an Information to be brought ".alt him in the High Commillion. 1- earing the iliuc of the buli- ncis, and undcrltauding what difplcafurei were conceived againlr. him by the King and the Bilhops, he made his perfonal appcaraooe in the opeu Court at Lambeth, ou the 23 th day ot January, \6i fvrr 2 wbeti 39* jlfolfofto?? of tfce PzeSbpterians* Lib. XL where in a full Court he tendted his fubmiflion and acknowledg- ment, all of his own hand-wrting, inthefe following words. My Lords, Imofi humbly acknovoledgmy Error vchich I have com- mitted, in publifoing The Hiftory of Tythes, and ejpecial/y, in that I have at all, by Jfjevcing any Interpretations of Holy Scriptures, by medlingrcith Councils , fathers, or Canons, or by whatfoever oc currs in it, offered any occafon of Argument againji any Right of Maintenance jure Divino, of the Mimfiers of theGofpelj befeech- ing your Lordfhips to receive this ingenuous and humble ackpovp' ledgment^ together with the unfeigned Protejiation of my grief , for that through it lhave fo incurred both His Majejiy's and your Lord- Jhips D/Jpleafure conceived againft me in behalf of the Church of England. JOHN SELDEN. This for the prefent was conceived to be the moft likely Remedy for the preventing of the Mifchief} bntlefr fuch fmart Remembran- ces in the mind of the Author, as put him on to ac~t more vigoroully for trie Presbyterians , (of which more hereafter) by whom he leemedto be engaged in the prefent Service. 3 c. But it is now high time for us to crofs over St. George's Chan- nel , and take a ftiort view of the poor and weak Eftate of the Church of Ireland, where thefeDefigns were carried on with bet- ter Fortune. A Church which for the moft part had been modelled by the Reformation which was made in England. But lying at a greater diftance, and more out of fight, it was more eafily made a prey to all Invaders 5 the Tapifis prevailing on the one fide, and the Puritans on the other, getting fb much ground, that the poor Prof eftant s feemed to be crucified in the midft between them. Some Order had been taken for eftablilhing the Englifo Liturgy, together With the Bible in the Englifo} Tongue, in all the Churches of that Kingdom : which not being underftood by the natural Irifo,\eft them as much in Ignorance and Superftition, as in the darkeft times of the Papal Tyranny. And for the Churches of the Pale, which very well underftood the Englifo) Language, they fufFeredthemfelves to be de- duced from the Rules of the Church, and yeelded to the prevalen- cy of thofe zealous Ministers who carried on the Calvinian Project with their utmoft power. In order whereunto, it was held neceflary to expole the Patrimony of the Bifhops and Cathedral Churches, to a pubiickPort-ialef that being as much weakned in their Power as they were in Eftate, they might be rendred inconfiderable in the eyes of the people. Hence-forward fuch a general devaluation of the Lands of the Church, that fome Epifcopal-Sees were never Gnce able to maintain aBiihop, but have been added to fome others^ two or three, for failing, to make up fbmewhat like a Competency for an Info Prelate. The Bifhoprick of Ardagh was thereupon united unto that of Kil/more-hut the Cathedral of the one, together with the Bi- ftiop',iHoufe adjoyning to it, had been levelled with the very ground: the Lib. xi. £ije lt)t(to?p of tbelDjeSbFteuansr* $g4 the other in form- letter repair; bur neithci tuinilikd v.ithlicll, Font, orCbalice. rhe like .union bad been a Mb made between the Bifliopfcicks of Clotrfcrt and KiJlmdrt, Offer) and Kilk$mmj% Qqn . Con/.cHr. ii'utcrfir d and ///'--' C*i\aod Rajfe, Sic. and was pro- ject fielatc Lord Piirnato, between the See of Ktlftnort^ and ihatot KrlUUtm : potto dtfccpd anj i particulars < f the Jjkc Co'Huiiv . 1 )!1S. li, Such alio were tin Fortunes ol the Rural Clergy , wrj Churches in fbrae places la) unrooted, in others unrepaired, and much out of order. I he I ythea annexed, foi the mod part, to Re- ligiousHouicsj tell ( by the ruin of thpfc Erouies ) to the Po ot the down, ant.! by the &ings and Queens oi £«g/4«J,werealic«* ned from the Church, and In t Item became Lay-Fees. "1 he \ ridges generally fo ill provided, that in the whole Province or Conuau^ht , moltot the* Vicars PcnGqns came but to fort] (bill ptr+trMMItt, and inlomc places b. it Sixteen only. And of inch Vk.c ridges as Appeared lb be better endowed, three, rour, m five, wen many times ingrollcei into one man's hands, who neither undo It the Language, not performed theSeiviee. In which uipcct it was. no marvel it the people took up that Religion which came next to hand, tuch as did cither icrvc molt fitly to continue tliem in their former Errors , or tofecure tliem in the quiet enjoyment or ihcjic Eftates which they badravifhed trom the Church, and ftillpoflcfled by the Title or" the tirlt Ulurpcts. In which cltatc we find the Church or tretsud^sx thedcathoi the Queen., not much improved, m c.ilc it v. etc not made more milcrablc. In the time or" K.. JAMES, fbmc Propclkions had been offered by Him in the Cqntercut u.ihi\tov Court, about fending Preachers into ireUnd, of which he I but half King, as himlclt complained, their Bodies being lub- > ntohts Authority, but their SoulsaodCooiciences to the Pope. But I find nothing doue inputluance of it, till after the year i£c7, whetc the Earl ot fer-ovrncn, 'icr- ionncL Sir ''John odughartie a and other great Lords of the North, together with their Wives and Families, took their (light from Ireland and left their whole Eftates to the King's dilpolmg. Hereupon followed the Plantation of VI- firft undertaken by the City of L0md§9t who fortified Colr.j/nr. and buili London- Ihmc , and purchalcd many thoufand Acies of Lands in the pan- adjoyning. But it was carried on mote vjgorouP ly, S unfoitun itcly withall, by Ionic Adventurers ot thefftf- tijb Nation, who poured thesnWvesintothisCouotrey as the riclicT Soil: Ami though tiny were Sufficiently indultrious in improving their own Fortunes theie. and let up Preaching in all Churches w lief- er they filed \ \ et, whether it happened tor the better , or for the uorle, the event hath ihowcd : For they brought v. ith tliem hi- ther Inch a Clock of runt.mntn, iuch a contempt of Millions, fuch a neglec: of the publiek Liturgy , and other Divine Offices nf thi> Church, that there was nothing lelstobe found jmonglt them, than the Government and Form ot Woithip eUablilhed in the Church of England. Pv r r a a. Nor 194 3E^ *£ifto?p of tlje l&jesbpteriansu Lib. xi. — ■ '- ■ ' ■ I ■■■,!■ I III- 32. Nor did the Doctrine fpeed much better, if it fped not worfe: For Calvinifm by degrees had taken fuch deep root amongft them, that at the Jaft it was received and countenanced as the only Do- dtrine which was to be defended in the Church of Ireland. For, not contented with the Articles of the Church of England, they were refolved to frame nConfejfwnof their own 5 thedrawing up where- of was referred to Dr. James Vjher , then Provoft of the Colledg of Dublin, and afterwards Arce-bifhop of Armagh, and Lord Pri- mate of Ireland. By whom the Book was fo contrived, that all the Sabbatarian 2nd Calvipian Rigors were declared therein to be the Doctrines of that Church. Forfirft., the Articles of Lambeth, re- jected at the Conference^ Hampt on- Court^ud be inferted into this Confeffion, as the chief parts of it. Andfecondly , An Article muft be made of purpofe to juftifie the Morality of theLord's-day.Sab- bath, and to require the fpending of it wholly in Religious Exerci- fes. Befides which deviations from the Doctrine of the Church of England, molt grievous Torments immediately in His Soul, are there affirmed to be endured by Chrift our Saviour, which Calvin makes to be the fame with his defcent into Hell. The Abftinencies from eat- ing Flefh upon certain days, declared not to be Religious Fafts, but to be grounded upon Politick Ends and Confiderations; All Mini- fters adjudged to be lawfully called, who are called unto the work of the Miniftry by thofe that have publick Authority given them in the Church ( but whether they be Bifhops, or not , it makes no mat- ter, fo they be authorized unto it by their feveral Churches). The Sacerdotal Power of Absolution, made declarative only} andcon- fequently, quite fubverted. No Power afcribed to the Church in making Canons, or Cenfuring any of thofe who either carelefly or malicioufly do infringe the fame. The Pope made Antichrift, ac- cording to the like determination of the French Hugonots at Gappein. Daulphine. And finally, Such a filence concerning the Confecration of Arch-bifhops and Bifhops (exprefly juftified and avowed in the EngliJIj Book), as if they were not adiftin&Order from the com- mon Presbyters. All which, being Vfier's own private Opinions, were difperfed in feveral places of the Articles for the Church of Ireland'-, approved of in the Convocation of the year 161 5 : and finally, confirmed by the Lord Deputy chichejier , in the Name of King James. 33. What might induce King JAMES to confirm thefe Articles, differing in lb many points from his own Opinion , is not clearly known: but it is probable , that he might be drawn to it on thefe following grounds : For fiift, He was much governed at that time, in all Church-concernments, by Dr. George Abbot, Arch-bifhop of Canterbury '■> and Dr. James Mountague , Bifhop of Bath andWe&s : who having formerly engaged in maintenance of fome or molt of thofe Opinions, as before is faid, might find it no hard matter to per- fwade the King to a like approbation of them. And ftcondly, The King had fo far declared himfelf in the Caufe againft Vorfiim. and fo affectionately had efpoufed the Quarrel of the Prince ot Orange againft Lib. xi. £be imttojp of tjje iDKgbptman*. $95 agakift thofcof the R»m§bfirs»t Party in the Begirt Churches, that he could not hindfomely rctule to confirm thole Do&rines in the Chute!) of TreUnd, which be hadcounu u.meid in //,<#./»*/. "I hud ]y. I hi rr/jj Nation at that time were moft tcnacioufly addicted t<> the Errors and Cdrruptioos-Qt the Church oi Home, and therefore muit be bended to the other K\tu-.ini, before the) could be (traighi and Orthodox in thefe pointsot Doclrinc. Fourthly , and finally, It Was .in tifual praaile with that King , in the. wholecoorfe ot He- Government, to balaoceoneExtrcam by tncotbei \ countenancing the /\*/>//i/againft the Puritans, and the liiritans againit the /'.//////} tlint betwixt both, the true Religion, and l'rotellors of it, might be kepi mlaliu. F.i t w hether I hit right or not . certain it is, that it proved a matter oi fadconfcqucncetothe Church of i.n^Lmd, there being nothing more ordinary amongit thole ot' the Puritan Party. whin they were prelied in an\ ■ of the points afoulaid, thentoap- ih.iI untorhe Articks of Ireland , and the infallible [udgmcnt oi K. J A MBS, who eonlirmcd the lame. Audio it ftood until the year 16^4, when by the Power pi the Lord Dcput) Wemtwwto3 and the I)e- teiity ot Dr. 'John hrjwb.il/, then Lord Lilhop ol ihrry , the Irijh Articles were repealed in -t lull Convoeation:.tnd thole of />£- land autliorilcd in the place theteof. 54. Paft we next over to the Iflei of Jcrftt and Ctterujey , where the Genevian Discipline had been let led under Queen El fZABETHj and beingfo (It led by that Queen, was confirmed by K. JjAIES at his hrtf coming to thiiCnmn; though at the lame time fie tndu- voured a liibverhon of it in the Kirk of Scotland- But being to do itbv degree*, andfotopractife the reftoring of the old Hpijcoyjij, as not tO threaten a dclhuclion to their new Presbyteries \ it was thought fit to tolerate that Form of Government in thofe petit IQanas, which could have no great influence upon either Kingdom. Upon which ground he lends his Letter to them of the %th ot Aw gujl . title writ in / rci.\ 6, and thus tranllated into Englifh , that is to fay: ^5. JAMES, by the Grace of God. King of England, Scot- land, France, and Ireland, OV. Vnto all t/.oje vohomthefe Trcjents /Jj all concern . thig. Whereas U e Our jeloes , andthe lords of Our Council, have been c^iven to underitand^ that it pleafed God to pit into the. heart of the late Queen , Our moji dear sifter ,to permit and allow unto the IJies oj Inky nd Ouernfey, panel of the Dictchy of Normandy, the ujeof the Government uf the Reform- ed Churches of the laid Dmtchy . whereof they have Jlood fojjejjed until Our coming to tie Crown, tor this 1 auje We, di firing to follow the pi 0 iff Fxanrpleof Our [aid Sijlerm this behalf , as well forth. advancement of the Cdory of Almighty God, 4/ f*r the edifn at ion of hisChurch\ do 'Will and ordain . 'lhtt Our faid Ijles foali quietly enjoy their faid Libert y in the ujeof Ecclejtajtnal Uijt spline , there now ejiablijlsed. Forbi deling any one to give them any trouble or im- pcachment , fo long as they contain thcmjelve sin Our obedience, and attempt %9& %ty ^tftojtp of tfce i&#Sbpterian9u Lib. xi. attempt not any thing againjithe Power and Sacred Word of God. Givm at our Palace at Hampton-Court, the 8th of Auguft, in the fir ft year of Our R eign of England, 1609. 36. This Letter was communicated unto all whom it might con- cern, in a Synod of both Illands, held in Jerfey , Anno 1605. But long they were not fuffered to enjoy the benefit of this Difp'enfati- on : For Sir tfohn Feiton, who fucceeded Governour of Jerfej in the - place of Raleigh , had of himlelf no good affections to that Plat- 1 3» form.and poffibly might be furnifhed with fomefecretlnftructions for altering it in the Illand on the firft conveHiency . The ground whereof was laid upon this occafion: The Curate of St. Johns being lately dead , it pleafed the Colloquie of that Illand, according to their for- mer method, to appoint one Brevin to fucceed him. Againft this courfe , the Governour , the King's Attorney, and other the Officers of the Crown, protefted publickly ,as being prejudicial to the Rights and Profits of the King. Howbeit, the Cafe was over-ruled, and the Colloquie for that time carried it. Hereupon a Bill of A rticles was exhibited to the Lords of the Council, againft the Minifteis of that Illand, by PeitontheGovemo\ii\,Marret the Attorney, and thereft, as, viz. 'That they had ufurped the Patronage of all Benefices in the Ifiand: That thereby they admitted men to Livings -without any Form or Prefentation 5 and by that means deprived hk MajeSiy of Vacancies and Firft- fruits. That by the connivance(io fay no worfe of it) of the for- mer Governour s , they exercifed a kind of Arbitrary cjurifdi&ion\ima~ king and disannulling Laws at their own moji uncertain pleafure. In confideration whereof, they humbly pray His Sacred Majeftyto grant them fuch a Difeipline as might be fitteftto the nature of the Place, and le(s derogatory to the Royal Prerogative. 57. In the pursuance of this Project, Sir Robert Gardiner , once Chief Jufticeof Ireland'-, and James Hujley , Dr. of the Laws, are lent Commiffioners unto that Illand, though not without the colour of fome other bufjnefs. Tothefe Commiffioners the Minifters-give in their Anfwer, which may be generally reduced to thefe two heads : Firft, That their appointment of men into the Miniftry, and the ex- ercifeof Jurtfdi&ion , being principal parts of the Church-Difci- pline, had been confirmed unto them by His Sacred Majefty. And fecondly, That the payment of Firft-fruits and Tenths, had never been exacted from them (ince they were freed from their fubordina- tion to the \Bifhops of Conjiance, to whom formerly they had been due. But thefe Anfwers giving no juft fatisfa&ion unto the Council of England? and nothing being done in order to a prelent Settle* ment , a foul deformity both of Confufion and Diftra&ion, did fud- denly overgrow the face of thole wretched Churches, For in the former time^, all luch as took upon them any publick Charge either in GhurcrLor Common-wealth, had bound themfelves by Oath to cherifti and maintain the Diicipline: That Oath is now difclaimed as dangerous and unwarrantable. Before, it was their cuftom to ex- aft fubfeription to their Plat-form, of all luch as purpoled to receive the Lib. XL JEftc foiftozp cf tfaf p?egti?tf ' \\n\ $ 97 the Sacrament: but now the King's Attornej . and others ol rut Party, chole rather to abltain from the Communion , thani i fetid Subfcriptibn. Nay, even the vtty&t/iert, filly fouls that thought themfelves as f.t open to all comers , to try their litle. Their, oeneaces, which before wert accounted as exempt and privilcdacd, are now brought to reckon for Fifit-fruiti ana Tent I ! that not according to the Book of Co»[hncc ( as they had b < n former- ly), but by the will and pleafurcot the pre fenr Govt rnour. And, to make up the total lumot their Mif fo-runes . one of the Con I bles preferrs a Bill againft them in the com -non Cohn. in which tl> were accufed of Hypocri fie in their Convc ilation . and Pyrantel* tin; txercileof their jurifdichon : and finally, of holding fonicfe- cret pi aail s.^ainlr the Governour, which confccjucntially did ic- tfect on the King Himfelf. ^8. In this Confulion they addrtfs themfelves to the Fail of Sa- ./ Its bury , then being Lord Treasurer ot England, and in great credit with King "JAMES j wholecming very much pleated w irh their Ap- plication, Muviled them to invite their Brethren of the file of Cmrn- fcy, 10 lovnwith them in a Petition to the King, for a reditu of thofe Grievances which they then complained of. A Counlel which then feemed rational, and of great refpect; but in itfelf of greater cunning than it feemed in the hrft appearance. For by thfa nvans(as certainly he was a man ot a fubtile Wit) he gave the King more time to compaf. his Dcfigns in Scotland before he fhould declare himfelt in the prefent buuneu; and, by engaging thofe of Gucrnjcy in the fame delires , intended to fubject them alfo to the fime conclulion. But this Counlel taking no effect by reafbn ot the death of the Counsellor, they fall into another trouble of their own creating. 16*15. 1 he Parifhot" St. Pcitrs falling void by the death of the Minilter, the Govemour prcfentsuntoit one Aaron MeJJertng , one that had fpent his time in Oxon , and had received the Order ot" Prielthood from the Right Reverend Dr. Bridges, then Bifhop of that Dioccfs, but ot" himfelf a Native of the Ulcof Jetfiy. A thing (a infinitely (tomacked by thofe of the ColLqny , that they would bv no means yeeld unto his admfffion \ not lo much in I t gird of his prclcnration by thePowcrof the Govemour, as becaulc he had taken Orders from the hands of a Bilhop : For now they thought th.it Popery began to break in upon them, and therefore that it did concern them to oppofeit to the very laft. A new Complaint is hereupon preferred againlt them torheLordsot the Council) in whicn their Lcrdlhips were informed , That the Inhabitants generally or the S Cf Ille, %\)t feiftojp cf @5e;P?eg ionsf* Lib. x l Ifle Were difcontented with' the prefent Difcipline and gnidanceof the Church, that moll: cf them would be ealily perfwaded to iubniit to the EngUft) Govermcnt, and that many o\ thtm did defire it. 16*18. 39* Th'us brings both Parties to the Court ; the Governor.* and his Adherents, to profec'ute the Suit, and make good their -Intelligence ; the Minifters toanfwer to the Complaint, and (hind to the Pieafure of His Majefty in the final Judgment. And at the firft, the Miniicers- flood faft together : but as it always happeneth , that there is no Confederacy fb well jointed, but one Member of it may be levered from the reft, and thereby the whole' Practife overthrown V fo was it alfo in this bufinefs. For thofe who there follicited fbme private bufinefs of the Govemoui'j, had kindly wrought upon the weaknefs and ambition of De U Place.{ one of ttie'-Minifters appointed to at- tend the Service J^ perfwading, him, That if the Government were altered , and trie Dean reftored , he was infallibly refolved on tobe the man. Being fafhioncd into this hope, tie fpeedily betrayed theCounfels of hii Fellows , and frrnifned their Opponents at all their Interview- ucn Intelligence as might make moftfor their advantage. At Ian the Minifters' not well agreeing in their own de- mands , and having 'little to lay in defence of their proper Cau(eb whereunto their AnlV.ers were not provided before-hand, my Lord of Canterbury^ at the Council Table, thus declared unto them the Pleafureof the King land Council , viz. lh.it for the fpeedy redrefs of their diforderS) Uveas reputed mofl convenient to cjiablijh amongfi them the Authority and Office of the Dean . lhat the Booh^ of Cowmon- Prayer being again Vrintcdin the French, fjjould be received into their Churches 5 but the Afinijiers not tyed to the jiricl obfervance of it in all particulars. Thai Meflervy foulcvbe admitted to his Benefice , and that fo they might return to their Jeveral Charges. Thisfaid, they were com- manded to depart, and ro lignifie to thole from whom they came, the fullfcopecf His Majefty's rleiblution, and fo they did. But being fbme what backward in obeying this Decree, the Council intimated to them by Sir Philip de Carteret . chief Agent for the Governour and Efrates of the Inand '. That the'Minifters from among themfelves fhouldmake choice of three Learned and Grave peribns, whofe Names they fhould return unto the Board , out of which His Maje- fty fhould refbl ve on one to be their Dean. 1619. 4_q. But this Propofal little edified amongft the Brethren^ not fb much out ofany difTike ofthe alteration, w'th which they'feemed all well enough contented p but becaufe every one of them gave himfelf ibme hopes of being the man : And being that all of them could not be elected;, they were not willing to deftroy their particular hopes, by the appointment of another In the mean time, Mr. DavidBan- dincll , an Italian born, then being Miniftci of St. Marfs\ under pretence of other bufinefs of his own, is difpatched for England^ and recommended by the Governour as the fit t efF perfon for that Place and Dignity. And being well approved ot 1 v the Arch-bifriop of Canterbury, uhofcundhim anfwerable in ail points to the Gover- nor's Character , he was efiablifhed in the Place by his Majefry's Letters Lib. xi. %t)tV)\ttoiyojJbtV>hmu i n*. 399 Letters Patents bearing date Anno \r-, i y , and was accordingly in veil- ed in all inch flights ai formerly had been inherent in that Office, whether it were in point ol Profit, fir oi JurifclicliGn, And for, the etecutingof this Office , lomcAint'. and ratified by Bis Sacred Ma jefty, to be jn force until a certain Bodj i 1 fia- Itical Canons Ibouldbcd'tgcfted and confirmed : Which Article* I o was plealed toe-ail the Interim, ( a Name deviled by CHARl l S ihc 16:0. fifth, onthelikeoccaiion) as jf^puars by His Vtajefty's Letters IV teis Patents, forconiirmaiionor theCmons, not long after made* And by this interim it was permitted tor the pniciit, that the Mini- ftets Should not be obliged to bid the Holy -days touiethcCroJi in Baftilca, or t**weai the Surplice, or not to give the Sacrament < the Lord's Supper unto any others but fu< lid receive it kneel- ing; but in all Other thing*, it li tile differed from rnc Book oi Ca- nonsj which being firft drawn up by the Dean and Minifters, v.. aj ei -yards carefully perufed, corrected, and accommodated foi the ufeof tiiat lilanq, by the Right Reverend Fathers in God,* Ge$rgts Lord Arch-biMiop of Canterbury \ John, Lord Bifhop of Lincoln, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England, auA Lancelot. Lord Bi- Ihopot Wmchejier , whole Diocefs or luiildiction did extend over both the Iilands. Tn which refpeft it was appointed in the letters Pat< nts i.bv which His Majeity confirmed thele Canons, Anno i ':;), \fa\ 'Chat the laid Reverend Lather in God, the Bithopof Wtncbtjitr% lliould forthwith by his Commiliion under hisEpiicopaISeal,as Or- dinary o( the place, give Authority unto the (aid Dean toexcrcifc Ecclcfaftical lurifdit~tion inthefaid flic, according tothe Canons and Conltitution- thuf made and eftablifhed. Such were the Means, aud Inch the Counfels, by which this llland was reduced to a full con- formity With the Chinch of I nglund. 41. Cuernfey had followed in the like, if firfl the breach between K. IAMBS and the King oi' Spain mt and afterwards between K. CHARLES and the Crown of France , had not took off the edg or the proiccurion During which time, the Minifters were much heart- ned in theii Inconformity , by the PracYiics of De la rlace, before re- membred: Who ftomacking hi* difappointment in the lofs of the Deanry. abandoned his Native Count rey, and retired \mtoGn€rnfij3 where he breathed nothing but dilgrace to the EngliJI) Liturgy , the Perfonof the new Dean, and the change of the Government. A- giinlt the lirlt, lb pcrverfly oppolite, that when (brae Forces were lent over by King CHARLES tor defence of the llland, he would not fuller them to hive the ufeof the Engltjh Liturgy in the Church of St. Pcttr's, being the principal of that llland, but upon thefe Con- ditions ^ that is to lav. ibat they fiffuld neither ttje the Liturgy there- in, nor rectivt the Sacrament. Ami lecondlv, Where m there wan j I.e- • : 1 hurld.n , irfthe faid Church of St. Peters, vchen \ :jji of Chrilt's Nativity fell upon that Hay. h: rather ihofe to difaffotnti tit off the Sermon, thin that the Icaji bo* tiour j ' on that ancteni Fefiival. An Oppolition rai more fuperitkious, than any obfer vatioa of a day, thoughmccrly Jewijh. Sll : By 4oo %ty |^ifl:o?p of tlje ft;egbptetian& Lib, xi. By his Example others were encouraged to the like perverfheft , in- forrmch that they refuted to baptize any Child or Children though weak, and in apparent danger of prefent death, but fuch as were pre- fented unto them on the day of Preaching: And when fbme of them were compelled by the Civil Magiftrate to perform their duty in this kind, a great Complaint thereof was made to the Earl of Darby, be- ing then Governour of that Iiland, as if the Magiftrate had intrench- ed on the Minifter's Office, and took upon them the admipiftration of the blefled Sacraments. Of thefe particulars, and many others of that nature, intelligence was given to the late Arch-bifhop, Dr. Land, who had proceeded thereupon to a Reformation, Anno 1637, if the DiftYa&ion then arifing in the Realm of Scotland \ had not enforced him to a discontinuance of that Refblution. VL ATil-jT TYtf? :M £r vo /■ ..taming m the ?>L\g\ckFrovi*ces •■> their Fr.i3tfes and In* OT^^t^y^Rom CuiTnfcy ux let Gil for Hol/artd, in which we 3c it the MmiftcTb divided into two main Facti- ons s the one being called the Reno rtji rant j , the other taking to themfelves the Name of Contra Remonjirdnts. To put an end to thofe Diforders, a ContereiKc was appointed between the Parties, he-Id at the i/./^iw, bcrbre the General Allcmbly of 1 >t trie Belgid( Provinces. Anno iClc. The Com rover fie reduced to five Articles only, and the Difpute managed by the abltft men wlio appeared in tiieQiarie! on either tide. In which it OOMCehred, It! the Remonjtrants had the better of the day. and I .::\ V tory. Bat what the Coairu-Rcjm>nJir*ntsw*atcd S U 3 io 4** g|cj^ifto^cf tbej1 >gprtcdan& Lib, xir in the ftrength of Argument, they made good by Power : For, be- ing far the greater number , and countenanced by the Prince of Orange, asiheir principal Patron , they prolecuted their Opponents in their fcveral ConGftories, by Sufpentions, Excommunications, and Deprivations, the higheftCeniures of the Church. This forced the Remonfirant Party to put themfelves under the protection of John Olden Barnevelt, an Hollander by birth, and one of the moft power- ful men of all that Nation '-> who fearing that the Prince of Orange had fome (ecret purpofe to make Himfelf abfolute Lord of thole Eftates, received them very cheerfully into his protection, not with- out "hope of railing a ftrong Party by them to oppofe the Prince. •T^his draws K. JAMES intovthe Quarrel j who being difpleafed with the Election of Conradus Vorjlius , to a Divinity-Reader's Place in the Schools of Leiden, and not fo readily gratified by the Eftates in the choice of another } publilhed a Declaration againft this Vorjlitts, and therein falls exceeding foul upon James Van H^minc , and all that followed his Opinions in the prelent Controversies. Which not- withftanding, Barnevelt gains an Edict from the States of Holland, l6l3. -Anno 1613, bywhicha mutual Toleration was indulged to either Party, more to the benefit of the Rewonjirants , than the content- ment of the others. An Edict highly magnified by the Learned Gro- tius, in his Pietas 0rdinum,1k.c. Againft which, fome Anfwers were returned by Bogerman, Sibrandus, and fome others 0 not without fome reflections on the Magiftrates for their actings in it. 2. This made the breach much wider than it was before 5 King JAMES appearing openly in favour of the Prince of Orangey the Spaniard lecretly fomenting the Defigns of Barnevelt, as it was af- terwards fuggefted, with what truth I know not. But fure it is, that as K. JAMES had formerly afperfed the Remonfirant Party , in His Declaration againft Vorjiius, before remembred --, fo He continued a moft bitter Enemy unto them , till he had brought them at the laft to an extermination. But what induced him thereunto, hath been made a queftion. Some think that he was drawn unto it by the pow- erful perfwafions of Arch-bilhop Abbot, and Bifhop Mount ague, who then much governed his Counfels in all Church-concernments. O- thers impute it to his Education in the Church of Scotland, where all the Heterodoxies of Calvin were received as Gofpel 5 which might incline him the more ftrongly to thole Opinions, which he had fuck- ed in, asitwere, with his Nurfe's Milk. Someiay,that he was car- ried in this bufinefs, not fo much by the clear light of his own un- derstanding, as by a tranfport of afTectioa to the Prince of Orange, to whom he had a dear regard, and a fecret fympathy. Others more rationally afcribe it unto r\eafon of State , for the preventing of a dangerous and uncurable Rupture, which otherwife was like to fol- low in the State of the Netherlands. He had then a great Stock go- ing amongftthem,in regard of the two Towns of Brill and Vlufi)- ing , together with the Fort of Ramekins , which had been put into the hands of Queen ELIZABETH, for great fums of money. In which regard, the Governour of the Town of Vlnflring , and the Ambaf- An, 11' ( for r 1 1 c- C row in .ill pnblich ' \U w hteh con. . i ,:•> TfanqniMlcy and | • *ud happii 1 Dominion*. He t Conccwi Inoii'.u-lr I ntol their (. .ntciiciiii . wilook In Ut- ile breakers ot 1 icli jonucily I fit Id tin mi ( i . fogetl . st hem in hii laid I >t /./£ ■ c&ed } ir own Con mtu bttirf, *J- tr.tch .. rtfl n ihk * wbith nys g rv.ii: > (tppojit t > V*rty, (thctinlj prop and ftfctj oj their «s /.//<. , /,•< w Mufcr //. pulintlc. i> n* to M^cr rum, vdrttti I not froi'iilc .i^ttnfi it . AodoOl coricurr< 1 in Connie I and Dctjgn, with ibu Urii iclimgor th.it PaitV v 1 U h Ir I :o tin common P< to the SVutfd of Dchanguh the. Cnrihrns in Ionic, the chief Commanders in the uti. :n.l many the principal Majfiit rates in molt fownsof ihllivA, Vln. . the rtftbr tnofe Provinces'. Whichdone, In. iu/ahon the pttlun ot ' Rarrievclt. as alio on Grotitts , and /" ttftbro&l ; pn£. claims a National Synod to be held at /',<>/. ■ »£er following*, < 0 to which the c.dvni. re invited from all rafts, of G^tritendom. And vet Bbtfthinkirfg themfeUw (bong enough nofupptcii their Ad- cs. the \ cilt cilabU . X then: CaJ Cctilirn 1'roni being chbfen M n I ir. Oi h< ;vs who had been lawfully cholcn, were nor permit ..ive ful ith the reft or' the S\ - nodilts,un!e(s th nncetheiri And finally , They took fucrrOrder with tne i: rtiuv would not fufitr them ro fit as 1 referit Controvert, bu o apf ear before them as Parties Criminal. All which being coddclccnded ro, though linft all reaforl . re l named to Rich a method in their, iputafion, as carried with it a betraying Of sfieir Caulcand Inttreft; and for n< ^hereunto, they w\r« <;ilmiic bv ftgtMNM in a moftbirterOration.inu red with Iktvi \s andniolt virulent language. If; It might be rationally conceived, th w.ho did < withluch unanimity: to condemn l polius. thould not tjll out bet lb it v. as. rh.tr there point in arties. wherein they had not \.-\ tn,; nt 1 molt Fearful bickerings with tme an< • , r- , mi ny tim i I )ivines , av. \ il- liniz fndoutiiOl nt Judgment, t f :<>utrc»n\ maintaintd an Llnu. ot Rede nipt ion Mankind by the death ot Cluilt. Bat granted by the reft of the Synod, tor tear oi ing an> in the 404 jE|)e^)ifl:o?poftfcey?egDpteyiang. Lib, xii. the lead degree to the oppofite Party. Martmius , another of the Divines of Breme , declared his diflent from the common Opinion, touching the manner of Chrift*s being Fundamentum Ele&ionis } and that he thought Chriftnot only to be the ErTe&or of our Ele&ion, but alio the Author and Procurer of it. But hereupon Gomarm flings down his Glove, and openly defies Martinius to a Duel , telling the Synod, that he knew Martimus was able to fay nothing at all in re- futation of that Doctrine. The faid Martinius had affirmed , That God was Caufa Phyfica Converjionis, and for the truth thereof, ap- pealed unto Goclenius^ a Renowned Philofopher, who was then pre- sent in the Synod, and confirmed the fame. But prefently Sibrandus Lubbertus takes fire at this 3 and falls exprefly upon both. And though the Controverfiefortheprefent wasltilledby Bogerman'^ yet was it wevivedby Gomarus within few days after ^ who being back- ed by (bmeof the Palatine Divines, behaved himfelf (b rudely and uncivilly againft Martinius > that he had almoft driven him to a refo- tion of fbrfaking their company. 5. The General Body of the Synod not being able to avoid the Incbnveniences which the Supra-lapfarian way brought with it, were - generally intent on the Sub-lapfarian. But on the other fide , the Commiffioners of the Churches of South-Holland thought it not ne- ceflary to determine whether God confidered man fallen, or not fal- len, while he palled the degrees of Election and Reprobation. But far more pofitivewas Gomarus ,one of the Four ProfelTors of Ley- «fe#,whoftoodasftronglytothe Abfblute,Irrefpec~tive, and Irrever- fible Decree, (exclufive of man's fin, and out Saviour's fufferings) as he could have done for the Holy Trinity. And not being able to draw the reft unto his Opinion, nor willing to conform to theirs, he delivered his own Judgment in writing, apart by it (elf, not joyning inlublcription with the reft of his Brethren, for Conformity lake, as is accuftomed in fuch cafes. But Afacrovius, one of the Profeflors of Franel^ar^m Wefi-Friefland, went beyond them all, contending with great heat and violence, againft all the reft, That God propounds hk Word to Reprobates^ to no other purpofe, but to leave them wholly inex- cufahle. That if the Gojpel if considered in refpeft of God's intention, the proper endthereof, and not the accidental^ in regard of Reprobates , if to deprive them totally of all excufe. And finally , That Chriji knows all the hearts of men, and therefore only knockfth at the hearts of Re- probates;, not with a mind of entring in ( becaufe he knows they cannot open to him if they would')', but partly^ that he might upbraid them fr their impotencj 5 andpartly^ that he might encreafe their damnation by it. Nor refted the Blafphemer here,but publickly maintained againft Sibrandm Lubbertus, his Collegue ( in the open Synod ) , That God wills Stn : 1 hat he ordains Sin, as it is Sin. And, That by no means he would have all men to be Javed. And more than fo, he publickly de- clared at alladventuies. ihat if thofe points were not maintained, they mufi forfake the chief Dotiors of the Reformation. W hich, whe- ther it were more unfeafonably, or more truly fpoken , I regard not now. In the agitation of which Points, they fuftered themfclvei to be . XII. £hc Dittos of cnVpngbrteriar 405 transported into Inch. I greater noil, and tumult hath beenieJdom heardol i lee ting. Infbmm the Bilhopof l.,mdaf}\ to avoid the fcnndal, put them in mind of Moderation, andtocndtavoui trctain the Spirit o( Unit) oi Bond of Peaces G$m*rm inapt him up, and told la. ../ aatt 1 it-, 1 r t rrcrrnot to be cornea *m Syuoauol Meetings , by the /.. . > oj /<. Perfon , but the flrengtb of the Argument. \ or furthc particulars, if more proof bem y, I lhall refer the Rnglijh lie i to two Books only \ that Ml to lay, the Golden Remains of Mr. Hales'-, and the Arcana At:ti-l^mot:jtrantuim , by Tilengj 'Ju ntor. 6. From Confutation and Debate, lit us proceed in tJ.< place to Kxccut ion , which we find full of Cruelty . urledili >mi. rhe h£ts hereof firft ratified in the Blood of Ba/uex It I whole difpatch they violated ai] the Fundamental I gict Liberty , in maintenance u hereof, they firft pretended to tal Arms agaioil the Spaniard, their molt Rightful Prince. I he Pari being thus beheaded, it was no hard matter to eiifpeile the whok Trunk or Body : l-orpieUntly upon the endingof the Synod, the Rimtwirawti are required to (ubferibe to their own condemnations and tor refilling lb to do , they Were all banillicd by a Decree of the States-General , with their Wives and Children. ( to the number of Seven hundred Families, or thereabout ) and forced to beg their bread, even in delolatc places. But yet thi.s was no end or their lorrows neither :, they mull come under a new Crofs, and be calum- niated tor holding; many honid Blasphemies, and grofs Impieties, which they molt abhorred. For in the Continuation of the Hiltory of the Nether lands, writ by one Crofjc , a Fellow of neither Judg- im at nor Learning, and io more apt to be abufed with a falfe report; it is there ami med, ( whether with greater Ignorance , 01 Malice, it is hard to lay ) 'I hat there was a Synod called at Dort . to fnpprcfs the Arminians^ and that the jaid Armmians held, amongU other Her cfies, firjl , 'lhat Godtra< t/.i Author of Jin. Secondly 0 'I hat I.c created the far greater part of Mankind, for no other purpofe iitt only to find can to damn them. And to lav truth, it had been well for them in reip< of their Tempoial Fortunes, had they taught thole Heretics, fi then they might have fped no worfc than Alacrovim did, who not- withstanding all his Heterodoxies, and moft hoi rid Blafphemies, -was only looked upon a> one of their Erring-Brethren^ (lib jeered to no other Cenlure, but an Admonition to forbear all fuch Formsof Speech as might giveany juft offence to tender Eatj. ,md couid not be d/gefied by perfous ignorant and umapalle of fo great Atyjtcric . As ontheother tide it is reported of trancifus Aiiratus^ a right Learned man, and one of the rrofeflbrs for Divinity in the Schools of Sedan, k a Town and Seignury belonging to the Dukes of Komliot?) That he not moji dijgracejul'.y deprived of his Place and Ennilion , by thole of the Calvinian rarty, becaufe he had delivered in a Sermon onthoje xcords of St. Tames , < . i . God tempt eth no man,o'v. That Godvcji not the Author of Sin. ft t 7. Bur 406 %$i l^jfto^p cf tl)t J&zeatopteriang* Lib. xii. 1 619. 7. But poffibly it may be faid. That thefeOpprefiions, Tyrannies, and Partialities 5 are not to be afcribed to the Se&of Crf/wwjinthe capacity of Presbyterians , but of Predeflina,rians 5 and therefore we will now fee what they a&ed in behalf of Presbytery, which was as dear to all the Members of that Synod, but the EngUfi only, as any of the Five Points, whatfbever it was: For in the Hundred. forty fifth Seffion, being held on the loth of Aprils the Belgic^ Confelli- on was brought in to be fubfcribed by the Provincials, and publick- ly approved by the Forreign Divines : In which Confeflion there occurred one Article which tended plainly to the derogation and difhonour of the Church of England. For in the Thirty one Article, it is laid exprefly , That forafmuch as doth concern the Minijlers of * Quantum the Church of Chrijl, in what place foever, they are all of equal * Vomer 7" "'""y an^ thorny with one another, as being all of them the Minijlers of mmiHros.tan Jefa Chrijl , who is the only Vniverfal Bijliop , and file Head of His demilii 'Bote- church. Which Article being as agreeable to Calvin's judgment in fborhauT^ha- ?omt of Difcipline, as their Determinations were to his Opinion in bem. Confef. point of Doctrine } was very cheerfully entertained by the For- Belg.Art.3i.rejgn Divines, though found in few of the Confeffions of the For- reign Churches. But being found directly oppofite to the Govern- ment of the Church by Arch-bifliops and Bifhops, with which a pa- rity of Minifters can have no confidence, was cordially oppofed by the Divines of the Britijh Colledg, but moll: efpecially by Dr. George Carlton, then Lord Bifhop of Landajf, and afterwards tran- slated to the See of chichefler 5 who having too much debated bim- felf beneath his Calling , in being prefent in a Synod or Synodical Meeting, in which an ordinary Presbyter was to take the Chair, and have precedency before him, thought it high time to vindicate him- felf, and the Church of England 5 to enter a Legal Proteftation againft thole proceedings. Which though it was admitted, and per- haps recorded, received no other A nfwer but neglect, if not (corn withal!. Concerning which, he publifhed a Declaration after his re- turn, in thefe words enfuing. 8. When roe were to yeeld our confent to the Belgick Confejfwn at Dort, I made open frotejlation in the Synods That whereas in the Confeflion there was inferted ajlrange conceit of the Parity of Mi- nijlers to be injlituted by Chrijl j I declared our dijfent utterly in that point. I flowed, that by Chrift 4 Parity was never injlituted in the Church : that he ordained twelve Apojlles, as alfo Seventy Difciples : that the Authority of the twelve was above the other: that the Church preferred this Order left by our Saviour, And therefore, when the ex~ traordinary Power of the Apojlles ceajed s yet this ordinary Authority continued in BiJl)ops,who jucceeded them , who were by the Apojlles left in the Government of the church, to ordain Minijlers, and to fee that they who were fo ordained , jhould preach no other Do&rine : that in an inferior degree , the Minifters were governed by Bifjops, who fucceeded the Seventy Difciples : that this Order hath been main- tained in the Church from the times of the Apojlles 5 and herein I appealed . . 1, ■ /. . .//.^ . d nun now tj a*j I I ■;:. (Oi/iJ /; W r, .itid ic wbojpeali . it; ihcCiiij Toi .■ it was only he and hU AJ -eived fo . (b J a ii go. o. HisLordfhipaddsi thatina Cohfi which he. had with fome Divines of thai E I, hetti □ That ^ he can Uthtit r, was becanfeti ■ ,\i them , who Lj their 1 unity might refrefi in 1/ broached Novel tj . evetj nt.vj !.<:l'i Wg li • ir/'.i/ //.vy /W£ 3 ,/rt/ //<.// as l> art in Anlhorit}ta reyrefs &nd £cnCnre fittt 1 W &p/> '" bewitboui tram r© which they ai I d, i i>at they did much honour and rever- ence the #ood Order and ! lilcipljucof thcChurchof E*gUyd,and with all their hearts glad to. baye'it cuabliflied amongft that could nor he hoped tor in their State : that their boj \ is, rhat feeing the) could nor dp w hat they d< fired , God would it (hey did what they could. This was, (aith he. (pbltance or their Anfwer, which he conceived to U enough to tree that people from aiming at ao An*rchy% and open - Co. h. lion; adding withall, that they groaned under the weight of that burden, and would be eated or it it they could. Rut by bis I.omiliip's leave, I take this to be nothing but a piece of dUIimula- t i ol 1 chaian&ified Hypocriueas tomeot the Calviuiaas do af- iii into be in Almighty Cod : For certainly they might have bilhops it tht) WOI ld,aswell as the Popiih Cantons ol the tir/tz^rs , or 1 tnice\ of which, the one is lubjea to an Arijlocrdcj, 1 . other to a Government no left popular than that of the Netherr hi which refped it was conceived more lawful, by the late Lord Primate, for ai tijb Proteftant to communicate with the Keformed Churches in France, who cannot have Bi(hops if they would i than with the butt Q will not have BiLtops , though 1 ; s itill remaining in their hands Seven Epifcopal Se< -and Revenues belonging to them; that is to 1 rick of tfsrlem'w Holland a ot Middlehourgh,\\x /c.t- l. jC I warden in FrieJUnd^Qi Groining in the Province fo cal- inthe County ot a and of Ruremond in the If all ot" them, but the lair, twlouiin.ite to Chun Vi ich they keep al(b in their Power. jo. So alio done in the prefcnt Synod, in order to iter keeping of 1 Day, than it had been formerly: timet J their Kaires and Markets upon this day, :r Krn[ Ijnonly called them: Which, a- they :itly kept inraoftot 1 ;reai I /nsof Holland, Ztalandjkc. even in Dort'w. leir'; lo 1 >} the eonltant keeping of them, they muft .,..1 people from the Morning-Service , to at- 1 1 1 2 tend _4<>8 &bttyifttyytft\)zVii8bvtziwi& Lib, xn. tend the bufinefs of their Trades. And in the Afternoon (as before was noted) all Divine Offices were interdicledby . aConftitution, which received life here, Ar.no i 574 5 that time being wholly left to be difpofed of as the people pleafed , either upon their profit., or their recreation. But their acquaintance with the Evghfl) ^ brought them to morefenfeof Piety. And now they took the opportunity to train the people to the Church in the Afternoon.by the Authority and Reputation of theprefent Synod : For, having entertained the Palatine Catechifm in their publick Schools, it wasrefolved that it fhould be taught in all their Churches on Sunday in the After-noon: That the Minifters fhould be bound to read and expound that Cate- chifm, though none were prefent at the Exercifes, but thofe of their own Families, only in hope that others might be drawn after their example 5 and that the Civil Magifh ate fhould be employed by the Synod to reftrain ail Servile Works, and other Frophanations of that day, wherewith the Afternoons had commonly been (pent, that fo the people might repair to the Catechifings. And though feme Re- formation did enfue upon it in the greater Towns \ yet in their lefler Villages C where men are more intent on their Worldly bufinefles) it remains as formerly. 11. As little of the Sabbatarian ^ had the Palatine Churches, which in all points adhered tenacioufly unto Calving Doctrine : For in thoie Churches it was ordinary for the Gentlemen to betake them- felves in the After- noon of the Lord's Day, unto Hawking and Hunt- ings as thefeafonof the year was fit for either, orotherwife, in ta- king the Air, vifiting their Friends, orwhatfoever elfe fhall feem pleafing unto them. As ufiial it was alfo with the Husband-man , to fpend the greateft part of the After-noon in looking over his Grounds, ordering his Cattel, and following of fuch Recreations as are moft agreeable to his Nature and Education : no publick Di- vine Offices being prefcribed for any part of that Day, but the Morn- 1612. ing only. Andfoit (tood in the year 1612 : At what time the Lady ELIZABETH, Daughter to K. JAMES* and Wifeto Frederic^the fifth, Prince Ele&orPrf/<*/?*»e, came firft into that Countrey, whofe having Divine Service every After-noon in-her Chappel, or Clofet, officiated by her own Chaplains, according to the Liturgy of the Church of England . gave the firft hint unto that Prince to caufe the like Religious Offices to be celebrated in his part of theFamily$ afterwards, by degrees, in all the Churches of Heldenbourgfr-, and fi- nally, in moft other Cities and Towns of his Dominions. Had he adventured no further on the confidence of that Powerand Great- nefs which accrued to him by contracting an Alliance with fo great a Monarch, it had been happy for himfelf and the Peace of Chri- ftendom. But being tempted by Scultctus , and fome other of the Divines about him , Not to neglect the opportunity of advancing the Gofpel , and making himfelf the.principal Patron of it, he fell oh fomeDefigns defhuctive to himfelf and his. Who, though he were a Prince of a Flegmatick nature , and of fmall Activity 5 yet being preft by the continual follicitation of fome eager Spirits, he drew Lib. xii. £~|k V'itioiy of tin PiMbptzti in 409 drew all the Provinces 4 nd Prtnccswbi tiprofcffrth wismOo- toes, loiiuc r into .1 itiur I c or Union smongO theml under prtH to I Peace and Happineft of the true Keligmn. r 2. It much advantaged the 1 X lign.that tne ( ms in ail pai ts of Ccrm. in \ li.ui began todir as nun relolved to lie Saddle, or to Me theHorfe. In .^i.itins call ic /) an Im- perial City, they hilt appeared considerable fot then Pqwei and Numbers, Anne 1605 , at what time rhey (nrewdly (haiced the I- dare thereof. But being thereupon debarred the exercifc of their Reli- gion, and punifted forthe MKdemeanor, thej kept themfclves out- tr till the year 1 ;; 1 4 a wheni.na :. Tumult they kupiile the City, fceure the principal Ma giftratesof it- and eject, the fefpH . And though by the ronof the Freneb Ageote, and thole oi Juliet 9. a Peace H ■ tor the pre lent clapt up between the m ; yet D( i- ther Party was relol \vd to lrand longer to it, than might I iclr turns. But w hofbever nude the reckoning. the C.duitnjis were at i.ilr compelled to pay the foot : For the I'own being proieribcd by /]/.// - thias the Emperor, and the execution oi the /-.///committed to Arch- Duke Albert ; hclcnds the Marcjucls of Spinola With an Army thi- ther, by Whom the Town is brought to a Surrender , theancieni Ma- gi ft rate j reftored, and t he cWt*«i**/ caber forced to fori&ke the place, ortofubmit themielves unto Fine and Ranibme, if they kept their dwellings. Nordidthey lpeed much better in the City ot Co- len, where their Party wasnot Irrong enough to iupprcls the Catho- licks; and therefore they rorlook the City, and retired to Alullcimc, which they began to build and fortilie tor their habitation. But thole of Cukn tearing that this new l'own might in (hort time over- top that City both in Wealth and Power, aticirelr themllives unto the Fmpc ror M.tthus : By whole Command the Duke o'iKcwbour Kills npon it, deftroyi the grcatcft part thereof;, and leaves the hnilhing of that Work tothe Marcjucis A'a/wAz. 1-;. In H.ijjij their A tt.iirs fuccceded with more profperous For- tune, where Lodorvui^, of the iecond Houfe of the L.int^r.ivcs^ who nndthe City of Mirpcr^c for his Scat and Rehdc: dared himfelt in favour of their Forms and Doctrines, atfiichtimc as the C.dvinr/is of Aix (before remembred) firft began toftirr. follow « therein byCtwg§ his Brother, commonly called the/ rvc of DarmJLtd. from the place ot his dwellings half of whieh Town belonging tothe Patrimony of the Prince Elector, had ealily ma. wav tor C jllthereft. And though this Lodorrnk W& diftutbed in his Government ot Pofiefiion, by his Couiin ju.mrnc, commonly called the Lariter. ivc of C.t'icUs. from his principal City; who tei/edupon the I own of Marperge, Anne r;i2- vet was he fhoitly alter re;:oredto bis whole lltate, by the P ul.it mc-\x:A^\'A which lor tlie time ea.rri da great l'.vay in thole parts of Gcm.iny. But, of greater confequence were the agitatiot tout 4 rand Ch!;<\^ occalion I difference between the MaffqoelS of hr.tn- cufdcuroh, and the Duke of Newfaatg£, about the partagc ot the- ft t 3 Patri- 4*q jLt^g l&ifto?P of tb-g jg-yggbpteriang^ Lib, xu. Patrimony and Eftates of the Duke of cleve : For 'John-William, the laftDukeof Cleve , deceafing without iilues in the year 16 id, left his Eftates between the Children of his Sifters ^ of which the elded;, called Maria Leojiora, was married to Albert of Brandenbourgh, Duke of Prujfia § whole Daughter Ann being married to John s?g?j'- mund, the Elector of Brandenbough, was Mother of George-William, the young Marquefs of Brandenbourgh., who in her Right pretended to the whole Eftate. The like pretence was made by Wolfgangus Guilielmus, Duke of Neivbourgh , defcended from the Electoral Fa- mily of the Princes Palatine, whofe Mother Magdalen was the fecond Sifter of the laid 'john -Willi am. The firftof thefe Pretenders was wholly of a Lutheran Stocky and the other as inclinable to the Sect of Calving though afterwards , for the better carrying on of their Affairs, they forfook their Parties. 14. For fo it hapned, that the Duke of Nervbourgh finding him- felf too weak for the Houleof Brandenbourgh , put himfelf under the protection of the Catholick King \ who having concluded a Truce of Twelve years with the States United, wanted Employ- ment for his Army 5 and, that he might engage that King witxh the greater confidence , he reconciles himfelf to the Church of Home, and marries the Lady Magdalen, Daughter to the Duke of Bavaria, the moft potent of the German Princes or that Religion 5 which al- fo heeftablithedinhisown Dominions onthe death of his Father. This puts the young Marquefs to new Counfels^ who thereupon calls in the Forces of the States 'United'-, the Warr continuing up- on thisoccafion betwixt them and Spain, though the Scene was fhifted. And that they might more cordially efpoufe his Quarrel, he took to Wife the Sifter of Frederic^ the fifth, Prince Elector Palatine, andNeeceof William of Najfaw, Prince of Orange, by his youngeft Daughter } and confequently, Coufin-German , once re- moved to Count Maurice of Najfavo , Commander-General of the Forces of the Sates Vnited, both by Sea and Land. This kept the Balance eeven between them} the one pofleiling the Eftates of Cleve and Markj> and the other , the greateft part of Bergs and Gulick. But foit was, that the old Marquefs of Brandenbourgh ha- ving fetled his abode in the Dukedom of Trujjia, and left the ma- nagement of the MarquifTate to the Prince his Son 5 left him withall unto the Plots and Practifes of a fubtil Lady : Who being throughly inftructed in all points of Calvinify, and having gotten a great Em- pire in her Husband's Affections, prevailed 10 far upon him in the firft year of their Marriage, Anno i6i4r,that he renounced his own Religion, and declared for Her's^ which he more cheerfully embra- ced, in hope to arm all the Calvinians both of the Higher and the Lower Germany, in defence of his Cauie, as his Competitor of Nero- bourgh had armed the Catholicks to preferve his Intereft. 15. Being thus refolved. hepublifheth an Edict in the Month of February, Anno 16155 publifhed in his Father's Name, but only in his own Authority and iole Command, under pretence of pacifying fome diftempers about Religion 5 but tending, in good eaincft, to the Lib. XH. ghelhift-yp of tbe ftjEegtortmnns, 41 1 the plain fiippreflion of the J ///- trms:for,ba.ving fpeni .1 ted ions and impertinent Preamble touching 1 Animonticj fomcoted in the r>oti(lant Churches, bet ween ihcj Hthcr.trts^ud thole oftht C.ilvim tr Party, be lulr require! that all unncccllary Difputes be laid aflr to connive at tor the time to come, but to proceed unto the pitnilbmenl of all thole who wilfully Ihould rerufe to conform themlelves to his Will and Plealure. After which, giving them fomc good Couniel tor following a more moderate eourle in their Preachings antl Writings , than they had been accu- (tomccl to iothe timet fore-going, and in all points to be obedient to their principal Magi (irate 5 he pulls oil' theDtfguiie, and (peaks plainly thus. 1^. "Thefe are *( faith he) the Heads of that Reformation, •<-,,„,,. c' which is to be obferved in all the Churches or Br.indcnbour^h\ {«**$•* >» *; that is to fay, All Images, Statua's, and Crolles, to be removed ;" '""!* '•out or the place or publick Meetings; all Altars, asthe Rclicks to inBitm eCof ropery^ and purpolcly erected tor the Sacrifices ot the Popi(h ' • '"'" •■-Mais, to be taken avvav \ that in their room they (hould tl-t up a tIT,'!'"^, "Table ot a long (ciuare Figure, covered at all times with a Carpet tin. lib. 1. An. c: ot Black, and at the time of the Communion with a I.innen Cloth: ,tfl* <• That Waters Ihould be ufed initead ot the former Ho(rs; which ^ being cut into long pieces, Ihould be received and broken by the •• haiwls ot thole who were admitted to communicate at the holy c:Table. Thar ordinary Cups (hould be made ufe of for the future, Kinftcad ot the old Popifh Chalice. That the VeCtments ufed in *- the Mais, (hould be forborne no Candles lighted in any ot their •Churclusat noon-day. No Napkin to be held to thole that recei- •■ ved the Sacrament) nor any ot them to receive it upon their k:ie • as if Chrilt werecorporally prclcnt. Thetignot the Crofi to be * from thenceforth dilcontinued : The Minilter not toturn his back ) toe people at the Miniftration. The Pra\crsand Kpiftlcs be- esbrterians. 4»* I5:4. with fiiph terrible I rned not hmg but deft rudioo unto nil gain-fovcrr. Hehsfdfi t that time, but none of them the athetofany childrenvwhich made him cafl his ej of GratlsjSon of CbttUx Duke Of Gr.ittt. and NepheW of lerdinnul the Emperor3 before remembred. Who going to Jfow* in the, ^ eai of r]ttl>ilc.A>i>to r 600, obliged himl-.-if by Oath to rhe Pttpi then be- ing, t;* extirpate all rhe Protectants our of his Dominion1-; which upon tl on of 1 nit r he < v, by pillagkig Mid banifhing aHof the Angafian Cwfejjidrr 3 thorough Styrig < rintbi.1, and Camfolx, though'thcy had paid for the Freedom or their Conference, agreatfumof Money. iS. I his to c ,1 him to RodolfLvs. that herdoh ed upon him for his riext'Succe'ffor,andat the prcicnr loclutchim in the Realm of Hungry, asaftcpiintoit. In which Defign j as he w as feconded by the Vcfc and ' /- fb-qucftionleG it had been effected , it Atattbia* x he Em per Or's Brother, and net llur. had not countcrmi- ncd them, by countenancing thoft ot the Chivkti** or Reformed Religion, who then began to lecm conlidc table in the c\ e or that Kingdom. To catty oil which Spawifli Plot to rhe End deiired. the Prelatcsof Hungary, in an Atlembly held at rresbur^h. Anno t( publifhed a Decree without the content of the Nobility and Eltates of the Kingdom, for the burning or perpetual banilhment or all fiich as wefcof thcRi formed Religion Which ha ring been enter- tained in the Realm of Toiind. found no great difficulty in creliing the Carpathian Mountains, and gaining the like favourable admif- fion in this Kingdom alio. Apainlt which Ldidr of rheBilhops, I Trntcft is prcfi aiily made bv the Eftates ot theReaim, under rhe Seal ot the P«/tff*ffe, thech'kf Officer of it: by whom it was pub- lickly affirmed . \ hit the) would iritk juji Arms defend thewfelves , if the) J'um/dhe quejitoncd for I he Canje of Hel/grott. Which notwith- standing. Kcluijoi.i (oiu oi the EmperoVb chief Commander* in the Realm of Hungary ) fttft got into his hands the Itrong I'ownof C.tf- ., (landing upon the borders of Tr d ttia. And that being done, he did not only interdict all thole of the Reformed K'ljyon from making any tries of them as thevhaddonc formerly '5 but he- in- hibits themtrom having Sermons in their private Houlcs,from read- ing in the holy Bible, and from the bury mgot their dead in hallow- ed plac t.. Norfraid he there, but pick' d a needkfs quarrel with Tjhvon Botlcay , a sjreat man ot that Countrey ; two of whofe Calf'les he ;iled aud raird . and thereupon provoked him ro become his Enemy. For,: » provoked , he take* upon himlelf the Patro- nage ot his Native Countrtv, then milerably onprelled bv the Ctrm.xn Soldiers 5 calls him;elt Prince of Tranfylvanta , contede- himlclf with the 'Inrkjjh E.t'ia's , and thrived lo well in his Deligns, that he compelled the tmperorro recall his Korcesout of Tranfyhanix, and procured Liberty ot Conscience for all his Fol- kmers. Pors being afuited by the Tnrnj, heencountredthefaid Bc- ljojoj'4, OJCt on bf his men, and lends a great parr of the Vvv Enemy's 4"4 jLfo feifto?p of ti)e p ?egbptgEian& Lib, xii. Enemy's Enhgns, to the Vifier BaJJa , as a fign of his Victory. Which Blow he followed by a Proclamation to this effect , viz. That all fuch as defired Liberty of Confidence, and to live free from the Corrup- tions and Idolatries of the Church of Rome, JJjould repair to him as to their Bead, and that he would allow to each of them Five Dollars weekly. Which- Proclamation did not only draw unto him many thousands of the common people , together with a great part of the Nobility and Gentry 5 but tempted many of the Emperor's Soldi- ers to forfake their General , and joyn themfelves unto his Party* Strengthned wherewith, he makes himfelf Mailer of Cafijovia-*, in which he changed not only the Religion, but the Civil Government: inlbmuch that many of thofe which were addided to the Church of Rome , were prefently (lain upon the place , and raoft of the reft turned out of the City, together with the greateft part of the Church-men, the BiQiops , and the Emperor's Treafurer. Upon which fortunate Succefs , a great Party in the Vpper Hungary declare in favour of hisCaufe, violently break open the Religious Houfes, compel the Fryers to put themfelves into fortified places '-, and final- ly, to abandon Vresburgh, the chief Town of that Kingdom , and to flye forfhelter to Vienna, as their fureft Refuge. itfo*. 2°' After this, Bajla, the Lord-General of the Emperor's For- ces, obtained the better of them in fome Fortunate Skirmifhes, which rather ierved to prolong, than to end the Warr. For Botfcay was grown to fo great ftrength, and made fuch fpoil in all places wherever he came, that Pallas Lippa his Lieutenant , was found to be poflefledatthetime of his death, of no fewer than Seven hun- dred Chains of Gold, and One hundred thoufand Ducats in ready money, which he had raked together within lefs than a year. This Treafure coming into Botfcay s hands by the death of Lippa, he migh- tily encrealed his Army, with which he took in many ftrong Towns, and brought in fome of the Nobility of the Vpper Hungary, fending his Forces into Styria, Aufiria, and Moravia , which he fpoiled and wafted. Infomuch that the Emperor, being forced to fend Commif- fioners to him to accord the Differences, could obtain no better Con- ditions from* him, but. That Liberty of Confidence, and the free ex- ercifeof the Reformed Religion, fijould be permitted to all thofie who de- manded the fame 5 and that himfelf Jfjould he eftatedin the Principali- ty of Tranfylvania, for the term of his life. And though the Empe- ror at firftrefufed to yeeld to thefe hard Conditions 5 yet in the , , next year, Anno\6o6 , upon a fccond Treaty with the Eftates of that Kingdom , it was agreed upon by the Commiffioners on both fides, That the free exercife as well of the Reformed, as of the Ro- mifh Religion , fhould be permitted to all men in the Realm of Hungary, as in the time of Maximilian the Father, and Ferdinand the Grandfather, of the prefent Emperor. Which Articles were more fully ratified in the Pacification made at Vienna, on the four- teenth of September then next following. In which it was exprefly cautioned and capitulated , ihat the Calvinian Religion fhould front thenceforth he exercifed as freely as either the Lutheran or the Romifn. In i-ib, xil. Cbclpiftojpoftbe p>esbFterian<&\ 415 Tn managing Which Negation between the Parties. Mattbim the Arch-Duke, who hitherto had fceretly encouraged the Hungarian Gofpcl/crs, was not only prcfent, but openly gav a I >untcnance and confent uiiK/ it. The gaining of this point, put them upon a hope of obtain- T<< 7 ina greater et n to the abrogating cf all I .tw - and Ordknuc< tor ilic burning of Hereifcks, and what foe ver die were contrary to their Religion; as alio to the nominating ot the Vaiaih rin- ctpal Omcers,andtotborrjaktngOjf Confedei di- bo. ion; During i ii i ago! which ©at ti iii! leaves his bactiouib >rmcd, that they arcabie to go on withoui Leader. AnAlicmblyot tbeStatesol Uhh> gun is called, by the Emperor at j rgh in the middle of AhvhJI, Anno 1607 ; but n . doQe f< of the pretence of Aich- Duke ALitthui , whoiwas appointed bj the Emperor to prefide therein. Which hapned alio to the like AliembW (jI f.lutesot the J ktkedom or An the whole Empire, the next year, ar the Cityot ii.itislwn:. Matthias s inthemeanicafbn, had his own Of?* figns apart : Tor, at inch time as the Allcmbly of the I-ltai- held at Ratkbcme, he make rney unto Vrtthmrgb^ eof)V4 thither the Eftates of Hungary, t i ic Pacification made before at Vienna, fufTeis them to confederate with their of •///- Jiria, and make;, himkltrhe Head ot that Conteelc ration. I cue whereof, hecomaandrthe people of botbCouotreyi to put them* (elves into Arms, pretending an Expedition into A/arwi*, but lit ling \6~% directly againit Vrague, the chief Town of Bohemia, wbei the Emperor R9D0LPHVS then refided : Whom he lo terrified with his coming with an Army of Eighteen tboufand , that he consented todcliverthe Crown of Hungary into the hands or Mitt hi at , to yecldunto him the potleiiion of all that Kingdom, and to difcharge bis Subjects trom their former Allegiance 3 upon condition that the Eftatesof that Rcalmlhould chufe no other King but the fiid Arch- . Duke. Which Agreement being made the i~th of June, 1608, Alattktjs is accordingly Crowned King of Hungary^ Aod litifuktm, a profelt Culvimun, and one of the principal Sticklers in thc/e A- gitations C Valatmc or it. 2:. By this frantaaion, the whole Dukedom of Ai/jina ^ and 10 tr.any ot the Province^ fubordioatc to it, as \.eiL qoI actually polici- 11 d by the Arch-Duke tcrdmand. are conligned over to Matthias. Many Inhabitants whereof , profefiing the C4/vr*//t« b'ormsattd Do- ctrines, C which ooly mult be taUed the Reformed Religion) and building on the UtC Confederation Ml ith the Realm of Hnngarj. pre- fumed iofar upon the patience of their Prince, as to invade lome publick Churches for rheexcreile ot lr. But the y loon roundthem- ielves deceived : For Matthias having lomeu hat ot the Statef-man in him, and bein lU exatperated by the Pope's \iwcto , inter- dicts all inch publick Meetings, lie badnon fervedbistufnin get- ting the polteliion ot the CroWfl ot Hungary 9 and was not willing to connive at thole Exorbitance* in his Aujinan Subjects 01 V V* 2 u horn 4 1 6 £bz l^tOto?p of tfre^egbpterianai Lib. XII. whom he challenged a more abfolute Soveraigttty , than over any of the reft) which he had cherifhed for felfends in the Kingdom of Hungary, The A uftri an /, on the other fide, who profeiled the Re- formed Religion;, refute to take the Oath of Allegiance to him, if they might not exercife their Religion in as free a manner asthe£fe#- garians were permitted to do by the Pacification. And thereupon they presently give Order to their Tenants and Vaflals, to put them- felves into Arms, appoint a general Aflembly of the Protejiant and Reformed States, to be held at Horn, and there refolve to extort that by way of Force, which they could not hope to gain by Favour. Some pains was took by Maximilian the Arch-Duke, another of the Emperor'sBrothers^to accord the difference^ who offered them, in the name of the King, to tolerate the free exercife of their Religion with- out the Cities;and that in the bellowing of the publick Offices, there fhould be no exception taken at them in regard of their difference in Religion 5 andwithall, gave them many Reafcns why fuch a gene- ral Liberty as they defired, could not be granted by the King , with reference to his Honour, Confcience, or particular lafety. 23. But this reafonable Offer did not fatisfie the Reformed Party. ( for Co the Calvinians muff: be called ) by whom the Hungarians and Moravians are foil icited to aflbciate with them, till they had compaf- fed their defires : And upon confidence thereof,- refuted more obffi- nately to take the Oath, than before they did \ levying new Forces for the Warr,and quartering them in great numbers round about the City of Crema, the chief City of the Vpper Attftria. But in the end, 1609. uPon tne intervention of the Moravian Ambaiiadors, the new King was content to yeeld to thefe Conditions following, x'u. That the Nobility in their Cajlles or Towns , as «tfo in their City-Houfes , Jfjould for themfelves and their people , have the free exercife of their Religi- on. That the free exercife of Preaching might be ufed in the three Chur- ches of Iierdorf, Trihelcuincel, and Horn. That the like freedom of Religion might be alfo exercifed in all thofe Churches in which they en- joyed the fame till the King's late Edi& : and, that the Counsellors of- State, and other public^ Officers, Jhould from thenceforth be chofe prontif- cuoujly out of both Religions. Upon the granting of which Articles, but not before, they did not only take the Oath of Allegiance , but gave him a Magnificent Reception in the Town of Lintz? which hapned on the iyth of May, 1609. 24. No (boner were the Aujlrians gratified in the point of Reli- gion, but the Bohemians take their turn to require the like, concer- ning which, wearetolook a little backward, asfaras to the year 1400. About which time, we find a tirong Party to be railed amongft them, againftfomeSuperftitions and Corruptions in the Church of Rome--> occafioned, asfomefay, by reading the Works of Wickfrff\ and by the Diligence of riccardus, aFlemming born, as is affirmed by fome others, from whom they had the Name of Piccards 5 cru- elly perfecuted by their own Kings, and publickly condemned in the Council of Conjiance $ they continued conftant, notwithftanding,to their own Perlwafions : Diftinguifhed alfo from the reft ot the Bo- hemianS) Lib. xii. 3thc!!)ifto:pof thei? j m*. 4'7 bemUms^by the Name of Csitxti*/, from k( .ind. Smhrntrscue, from communicating in /^//> 4/Ws , againltalli Their Adversaries in the Church of foarr reproach □ by the Name of Adsmhes^waA (bmetirnt car. is \ imputing to them many Heterodoxies, and fixnc filthy Obscenities ol which the) ne- ver proved than guilty. Ii this condition the} remained ti ! the preaching oi L*tber,and the receiving oj the Am ufiin (x>nl in moft parti of the Empii em fo much confidca M to purge themfclves from all formci Calumnies, by pub] ifl Declaration of their Fait hand Do&rine: Which the) prel ntcd mm to the Areh-Duke i.r.'i/tand, about i before ebofen King or Be-bemi ■: together witha Large Ap< logy prel By which Confeflion it ap| that they ascribe no!' . Civil Magiftrate in the Concernmeni he Church. ! they had fallen upon a way of Ordaining Minifters amongft themfelvi without recourfe unto the 1 , or any fuch Superior Of] Super -intend* i . r . And final! j ", 1 ha I they retained the u(e of Ex< om- numication. and other Ecclelia ftical Centures, for the chaff iling irregular and Scandalous pecfons. In which laic I oint, and aim oft all the other Branches of the (aid Confeflion, thoi iredas found and Orthodox ai any others which had ...ted from the Church of Rmm; vet by their fymbolizing with Genevai'm to many particulars, it was no hard matter for the who 0 l) ofCalvimiemfm to creep in amongli them; t lie growth whereof inflamed them to fuch defperate couties as they rjowjmrfued. 35. For this, they laid a good Foundation in the former year, / i<09 : when Matthias with hU great Army w as pre paring for Prague, they found the Emperor in ionic fear, Irom which he could not be fecured, but by their alliltance; and they relolved io hu band the conjuncture for their be ir am antage. In confidence whereof they propofe unto him thek Conditions, viz, 'ih.it the frs . ife of av- ligion* as well according Io the Bohemian, as the Augulcin Confcjjion, might be k'-pt inviolable ; and that they which f rofejjcdtk . jhould neither feoff or delptje the other. 'lh.it aU Arch- bijhoprn kj Bijbepricfa jibbotfl.'ips. and other spiritual Preferments, Jlokld be given to the Bo- hemians oi I tt I < i lejiajinal Offices ji'oul.i j mittedto fro* tcji.int Minifters .is in former times, 'lh.it it Jhould be lawful jvr alt men m their own Bounds and Territories , to build Chitnbes for their own ReligiOW I and that the V >rs and Patrons of the Vmverjity ,: es fvuld be indifferently) permitted unto nun of both Religions. W ith many other things or like weight and moment ; in t ir Civil Concernments. But the Emperor was not yet reduced to that neceffity, as to content to all at once, He gratified them ai the prefent with a Conformation oi their Civil Flights; but put off the Demands which concerned Iveligion, to the next Allerably of I Rates-; conniving, in the mean time, at the cxerciicof that Religion Which he could not tolerate. V v v . But j^ $$c l^iflrpyp of tJE'ftjgg Weriah& Lib.xii. 26. But the Calviriian Calixtins^ or Cdnfejfionifts^ call them which you will, perceiving a ftrong Party of the Catholicks to be made againft them , appointed a General Aficmbly to be holden in the Ci- ty of New Prague , the 4//) of Tkfo/j to confult of all fuch Matters as concerned their Caufe, protefting publickly ( according to the com- mon Cuftomof that land) 3 That this Aflembly 9 though not called by the Emperor's Authority, aimed at r,o other "End than his service only, and the profperity of that Kingdom } that both the Empeior and the Kingdom too, might not through the Perfxvafionsof his Evil Counccllors , be brought toextream peril and danger. This done, they fend their Letters to the new King of Hungary > the Prince Ele- ctor Palatine , the Dukes of Saxony and Brunfvric^ and other Prin- ces of the Empire:, befeeching them, That by their powerful inter- cefiion with His Imperial Ma jetty , they might be fuffered to enjoy the exercifeof their own Religion, which they affirmed to differ in no material Point from the Confeflionof Ausberg. Following their blow, they firfl Remonftrate to the Emperor how much they had been difappcinted of th eir hopes and expectations, from one time to another 3 and, in fine, tells him in plain terms, That they will do their belt endeavour for the railing of Arms, to the end they might be able with their utmoft power , to defend him their Soveraign , together with themfelves and the whole Kingdom, againffc the Practifes of their Forreign and Domeftick Enemies. According to which Reso- lution, they forthwith raifed a great number both of Horfe and Foot 5 whom they ranged under good Commanders, and brought them openly into Vraguc. They procured alfo , that Ambafladors were lent from the Elector of Saxony^and theEftatesof Silejia, (a Province many years fince incorporated with the Realm of Bohemia) to intercede in their behalf. This gave the EmperOr a fair colour to content to that, which nothing but extream neceility could have wrefted from him. 1 61c, 27' For thereupon he publifhed his Letters of the 14?^ of July, 1610, by which it was declared, That all his Subjects communica- ting under one or both kinds, fhouldTive together peaceably and freely, and without wronging or reviling one another, under the pain and penalty of the Law to be inflicted upon the*m who fhould do the contrary. That as they who communicated under one kind, enjoyed the exercife of their Religion in all points, throughout the Kingdom of Bohemia'-, fo they which did communicate under both kinds, fhould enjoy the*field, without the lett or interruption of any$ and that they fhould enjoy the fame till a general union in Religi- on , and an end of all Controversies, fhould be fully made: That they fhould have the lower Confiftory in the City of Prague , With Power to conform the fame according to their own Confc flion. Thac they might lawfully make their Priefrs as well of the Bohemian ,a$ of the German Nation 5 and fettle them in their feveral Parifhes, without lett or molellation of the Arch-bifhop of Prague : and, that befides the Schools and Churches which they had already, it might belawful for them to erect more of either fort, as well in Cities, Cities. is in 1 owns and Ccuntrcy Villages. He declared alio, that all Edicts formerly publiuVd agaioft the free excrcife of Religion, fhouldbe void, fruftratc, and of none effect: and that no contrary Edict againlt the States of the Religion, llionld cither be publith- edby Himiclf, oranyoi his Hears and Succcijbrs 5 ord any were, fhould beclteeniedot any force or efFccTc in Law : and IiiiiIIva That all fail of H is Ma jelly's Subjects that (hould do any thing contrary to these His Letter , whet bet tbcj y/ert Ecclefiaftical 01 Temporal perfons, Ihonld be leverely punilhcd as the Troublersof the Gom- roon Peace. 28. The palling of this Gracious Edict. ' which the Confejjionijls were not How of putting into execution), exceedingly exaiperated all thofeof the Gatholiek Party; who thereupon called in the Arch- Duke Lnp*U> Bifoop ol rjifurr, and one of the Emperor's younger Brothers: Which Invitation he obeyed, entred theCcuntrey with an Army of Twelve- thouland men , makes himfelf Mailer of New Tragne , and attempts the Old, But he found fuch relifrance there. that K. Matthias, with 1 powerful Ai my, came time enough to their relief, and dillodgedthe Bcliegers. Which Aid he brought them at that time, not our or -love to their Religion, or their Perfons cither, but only upon lome Advcrtikment which had been given him of Duke Leopold's ptifpoies, of getting that Kingdom to himfelf, as formerly Jllatthjs had extorted the Realm of Hungary , in defpight of the Emperor. But meaning to make fure work of it , he prevailed fo far, that the Emperor religned unto him that Kingdom alfo, to which he was cheerfully elected by the Eliatoof the Countrey, before the end of this year, Antto 1610. And within two years after, was railed to the Imperial Dignity on the death of hi^ Brother. Advanced unto which Power and Height , he governed his Dominions with great Moderation, till the \ ear 1*17. When being Himfelf, and all his Brothers, without hope of Children, he call his eyes upon his Coulin Ferdinand, iUlu Duke o{ Gratzi,( a Prince wholly afted by the Jeluits) whom he adopted tor his Son, declared him for his Suc- ceilor in all the Patrimony and Eftates belonging to the Houfeof JlH\iri*\ and in the) ear 1618, put him into the actual pollefiion of the Realms ot Hungary and Bohemia $ but not with any fuch forma- lity of Election unto either ot them, as in his own cafe had been ob- ferved. 29. This gave encouragement to lome of the Catholick Party, to take offence at fome Churches lately erected by thofeof the Refor- med Religion , and either totally to deface them, or tofhut them up. Complaint hereof is made unto the Emperor, but without any reme- dy. So that being doubly injured, as they gave it out, they called an Allcmbly ot the States, that order might be taken for the prefervati- onof Religion, and their Civil Rights, both equally endangered by these new encroachments. The Emperor difallows the Meeting, commanding rhem by Proclamation to dillolvc the lame. Which lo exaiperated fome hot fpirits, that the Emperoi'i Secretary , and two of his principal Couucellois, were calt headlong out of the Caltle- Wiodows. .4*° _£fo l£tfto?p of tyt Piz8byttxim8. Lib. xil Windows. And though all three miraculoufly elcaped with life, yet the Confpirators conceived the Fact to be lb unpardonable, that they could find no means of doing better, but by doing worfe. For here- upon they let a Guard of Soldiers on the Baron of Sternberge, Go- vernour of theCaftleand Kingdom 5 they fecure Prague , difplace all the^fcrnperor's old CouncelloTS, and totally clear the Kingdom of all the jefuits, and prefently , as well by Letters to Matthias him- felf, as by a publick Declaration fcattered in all parts of the King- dom, they juftifie themfelves and their actings in it. Which done, they nominate Two and thirty perfbns of their own Perfwafion, to have a fuperintendency overall Affairs which concerned that King- dom, whom they called by the name of Dire&ors--) and enter into a Solemn League or Covenant, to defend each other againft all per- fbns whatfoever, without excepting either King or Emperor. For punifhing thefe Infblencies, on the one (ide '-, and preserving the Ma- lefactors, on the other, from the hands of Juftice^ a terrible Con- fufion firft, and afterwards a more terrible Warr, breaks out amongft them. In the firft heats whereof, the Emperor Matthias dyes, and Ferdinand is lawfully elected to fiicceed in the Empire. Toftop the courfe of whofe good Fortunes , the Bohemian Confederates re- nounce all Allegiance to him, proclaim him for no King of theirs, nor Co to be acknowledged by the Princes and Eftates of Ger- many. 30. But their new Governours (or Dire&or j-, as they called them) being generally worftedinthe Warr , and fearing to be called to a ftrict account for thefe multiplyed Injuries, refblve upon the choice of fome Potent Prince, to take that unfortunate Crown upon him. And who more like to carry it with fuccefs and honour , than Frede- ric^ the fifth, Prince Ele&or Palatine, the Head of the Calvinian Party, Son-in-law to the King of England, defcended from a Daugh- ter of the Prince of Orange, and by his Wife allyedtothe King of Denmark , the Dukes of Holftein and Brunfoic^ three great Luthe- ran Princes. Thefe were the Motives on their part .to invite him to it} and they prevailed as much with him to accept the offer, to which he was pufhed forward by the fecret inftigation of the States United, whofe Truce with Spain was now upon the point of exfpira- tion^ and they thought fit, in point of State-craft, thatheibould exercife his Army further off, than in their Dominions. And unto thefe it may be added , He had before incurred the Emperor's Dif- pleafure on a double account 5 firft , for projecting the Confede- racy of the Chiefs of the Calvinijis , { whom they called the Princes of the Vnion') for defence of themfelves and their Religion. Arid fecondly, for demolishing the Fortifications which were raifed at TJdenhaine, though authorized by the Vlacart of Matthias himfelf, for which he was impleaded in the Chamber of Spires. Upon which Motives and Temptations, he firft fends forth his Letters to the Eftates of Bohemia , in which he fignified his acceptance of the Honour conferred upon him , and then acquaints K.JdMES with the Propofition, whole Counfel he defired therein for his better di- rection. i, in. xii. ffbf imfto?pct'r. p?,s *, 421 rcCtion. I IM waa not pl< aled i <>t this uid thought liimk-it unhar. jM ha- ving his uponi . 11 .1!! hi ( id the contrary muft have come too late. I ir- t\ ot 1 io hU ou 11 Dominion., \ n r*of to he united M ith a Pow ci ol difpnling Kingdoms, for U.ir th( \ might 1j*1< • to pi.u life t I1.1t againitl Iim(elf,u hich he had counici auccd tu ot In He knew no Pnncecould reign in lafcty, or be cftablifhedon bis Throne with Peace and Honour, it oaceRcl'gioo uiould be made iCioak to dii. :. Rcbellio . Upon t he (e grounds of Cluim.m Prudence , he did not only dUallow the Aaiou in hisou 11 particular, but gai DOOeof his Subjects (bouid horn theucelouh own hi for the Kii)yM>t ttbemi 4 ror pray for him in the Li their Seimon y othci I it ic than/ the EitgliJbc.iU- inifts were extn I in-i L-miclvcsupontbi the railing of .1 I ir« fc parts or Chriftendora evi n to the detl gofthePo the letting up ol Cslviu in St. PeU \ ing on the Warr to the Walls of Co*ji*atimopJe* No man more zealous in the Cauie, than Arch-bilhop Alhot , whopreued to have the \ re- ceivedwtth Bells and Bonfires, the King to be din a VVarr for the defence of Inch a lit^htcous and R&UgUtH i id the lends of tbeCrowntobep ipuriuanceof it, as appears plainly by his Letters to Sir Robert NdMmteM; principal Secretai (rate. Which Letters bearing date on the \2thoi l y4w*o 1^9, are to be found at large in the Printed CabaLi, p. 1 thi- ther I refer the Reader for his latisLcVion. but neither the l-'ci lwa- iions of lo great a Prelate, nor the iollicitations of thePriocels and her pvblick Minifters, nor the troublefbmeintcrpofingsof the Houle of Commons in a following Parliament , were able to remove th.ir King from his hilt Kelolntion. By which, though he incurred the high difpleaiure ot the Puritan*^ and thole of thcC'dlvinism Party in other places; yet he acquired the Reputation of a Jutland and Religious Prince, v. ith molt men befides, and thole not only of the Komijh , but the Lutheran Chin die-. And it is bard to lay Which of the two were mod offended with the Prince Elector , for his ac- cepting of that Cm hich of them had more ground to teat the ruin of their i and Party, ii he had prevailed; and which of them were more impertinently pro to make Head againft li*m. after Ik ha Ideclaredhi . ot it. /hen hi >be Inaugurated in the Church of Vrsgm^ juldb- led intbeufual Form, oor by the hands of the Arch-biftiop, to the per form ing of that Ceremouy didot Right belong; but ichaform and manner as was digefted by Domcftick Chaplain, who ( crnedh irs in jII Sacred matters. Nor wou'd Ac ultetm undertake the Ccrenfbny or the Coronation. though mbitiousot that Honour , till he had cleared the Church of all < and defaced all the X x x Panned 4*1 fffte!£tfl:o?pi>ftj)e $it8tyittim8. Lib. xii . Painted alfb. In both refpects a-1 ike ofFenfive to the Rom //ft Clergy, who found themielvcsdif-priviledged, their Churches Sacrilegiously invaded, and further ruin rhreafned by thele Innovations. A Mafiie Crucifix had bin erected on thebridg of rr^e, which had (food there for man v hundred years before, neither affronted by the Lutherans, nor defaied by the "Jews, though more aveife from Images than all people elfe: Sctiltettts takes offence at the fight thereof, as if the Brazen Serpent werefet up and worfhipped t, perfwades bhe King to caufe it prefently to be demolished , oreifehe never would be reckoned for an Hezekjah'i in which he found Conformity to his Humour alfo. And thereby did as much offend all fober Lutherans, ( who retain Images in their Churches, and other places ) as he had done the Romift Clergy by his former Follies. This gave fome new encreafe tothofe former Jealoufies which had been given them by that Prince j firff, by endeavouring to fupprefs the Lutheran Forms in the Churches of Brandenburgh, by the Arts arid Practifes of his Sifter. Andfecondly, By condemning their Doctrine at the Sjnod of DoYt, (in which his Minifters were more active than the reft of the Forreigners) though in the perfbns of thofe men whom they called Armenians. But that which gave them greateftcauie of offence and fear, was his determinarion in a Caufe depending between two Si- fters, at his firft coming to the Crown ^ of which, the youngeft had been married to a Calvinian , theeldeftto a Lutheran Lord. The place indifference, wastheCaftleand Seignury ofGutfcin, of which the eldeft Sifter had took poiTeflion, as the Seat of her Anceftors.But the King pairing Sentence for the younger Sifter, and fending certain Judges and other Officers, to put the place'into her actual policffion3 they were all blown up with Gun-Powder, by the Lutheran Lady, not able to concoct the Indignity offered, nor to fubmitunto Judg- ment which appeared fo partial. 33. In the mean time, whilft the Elector was preparing for his Journey to Prague, the Faction of Bohemia not being able to with- ftandfuch Forces as the Emperor had poured in upon them, invited Bethlem Cabor (not long before made Prince of Tranjylvania , by the help of the TurkJ) to repair fpeedily to their fuccefs. Which invi- tation he accepts, raifeth an Army of Eighteen thoufand men , ran- facks all Monafteries and Religious Houfes , wherefoever he came- and in fhort. time becomes the Mafter of the Vpper Hungary , and the City of Preshurgh-, theProteftantsin all places, but moftefpecially the Cahinians , lubmitting readily unto him, whom they looked up- on as their Deliverer from fome prefentfervitude. From thence he fends his Forces to the Gates of Vienna^ and impudently craves that the Provinces of Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola , fhould be united from thenceforth to the Realm of Hungary, the better to enable the 1620. Hungarians to refift the Tur{. And having a defign for ruining the Hoyfe of Auftria, he doth not only crave protection from the Otto- man Emperor, but requires the new King and Eftates of Bohemia, with the Provinces incorporate to it , to fend their Ambafladors to Covjiatitittople, for entring into a Confederacy with the common Enemy. Lib. xii jD;e!!)ittj ; u ho to nuke good a I ii l< (o nnjn(tl) gotten, provides an Army of no k . i 1 1 ' i.in I hnty thou Cm d ( others lay I ifty thou&nd ) nun. \Hfith ' ; 1 i l. 1 1 it lie had entred into any part of B$ocmiai before the new king had loit himfelt in the Battel of rrugu,\ it is molt proba- bablethar fie might have absolutely allured that Kingdom to the Pima 1 i uor. acquired the other foj| himlelf, >w\J patted the Efface* ot Aujin.t amonglt their Confederates. ^4. But lo it hapned , that foroe, Lutheran and Vopijh Princes, I iag both equally i alousof thciro tl rates, andcaretultq pre- fervet!ic (atereftof their feveratPai itred into I • with the Empcr Ol /V.-/.VD, tor the del. ie another, and tin . 1 y ot t!i it Kingdom tO the Honk oi Aiijinu. In profecu- tJo.i<-i which League, jtbm-G the Duke Elector of $*xonj% Ifiva lis y ' tti.t (another ot the incorporate Provinces J With a puiflant /Army, and in lhort ti oq ■ reduced] it under his Command* And with like puilUiuc, AidximiUdn Duke of Euvuru , the molt potent ot theCathoiLk Princes, tallethinto Eobcu/j, andopenuh all the way betbrehim, to the Walls ot Pragnc. Joyning with the Imperial Fqrces under Count Eucquoy, they are did to have made up an Army of Fifty thoufmd. With which they gave battel to the Army ot the Prince Elector, conliltiug ot Thirty thouland men, un- der the Condtui ot the Prince of Aub.i.t^ and the Count of iburne. It is reported, that the Prince Elector was lo good a Husband for the Emperor, as to prefer ve his Treafuresin the Cattle of Pr,tgue> without dimiiiiihiiu fo tBUchi thereof as might pay his Soldiers: which made manyot t'nem thro.vaway their Arms 3 and refute to t. Rut lure it is, mat the Imperials gjined a great anil an talie Victory, ill t he purlait whereof , the young Pripceof Anb.ilt, to? gethet with Count Tbitrne, and Saxon U\ tm ;u.in Oidnance all lu pr lfed, ?r*gm forced to veeld un- to the Vi.c n\ . i^.and Queen compelled toll .from whence by many difficult paflfjges, itravelj they cam- atlaftin lafcty to the ///..<.• in lljilin.l. Nor is it altogether unwocthyof our observation, I h it this great Victory was obtained on a («j&i* morning, being the 810 of NoucwLcr, and the i^dsun- ; after Trinity s in I >fpcl of which d#y occurred that memo* tabie pallige. fi i ittt c cfitri, qu t lunt k : that is t JCr uttto C. which .trc CcUrs : Which leenied to judg the Quarrel 0:1 thel ir'sfide. Hereupon followed the moll Tra- gical, or rather molt l"\ranical Execution of the chief Utrctfors, I in the DefigO) the fuppreffirag of the Prote- ctant Reformed Religion, in all the Emperor's Eftates the falling back of Bet bit ot Cabor into Trunjlvanij , the profcribing X x x 2 of 4*4 J3>* l^iftojp of tt}e $jeSbpterian& Lib. xn. of the Prince Elector and his Adherents, the transferring of the Ele- ctoral Dignity 5 together with the Upper Palatinate , on the Duke of Bavaria^the Conqueft ofthe lower Palatinate by the King of Spain, andthefettingupof Popery in all parts of both.In which condition they remained till the reftoririg of Charles Lodovoic^ the now Prince 1 6 lo. Elector, to the beft part of his Eftate,bytheTreaty ofMtn/ierii6^S. 35. Such was the miferabieend of the Warrof Bohemia , railed chiefly by the Pride and Pragmaticalnefs of Calvin's Followers, out of a hope to propagate their Doctrines, and advance their Discipline in all parts of the Empire. Nor fped the Hug onots much better in the Realm of Trance 5 where,by the countenance and connivance of King HENRT the 4^, who would not fee it } and during the mino- rity of LEWIS the iph0 who could not help it ■-, they poflefled themfelves of fome whole Countrey s, and near Two hundred Itrong Towns, and fortified places. Proud of which Strength , they took upon them as a Commonwealth, inthemidlt of a Kingdom 5 sum- moned AlTemblies for the managing of their own Affairs, when, and as often as they pleafed. Gave Audience to the Minilters of For- reign Churches 5 and impowred Agents of their own to negotiate with them. At the fame Meetings they confulted about Religion, made new Laws for Government, difplaced fome of their old Offi- cers, and elecfed new ones ^ the King's confent being never asked to the Alterations. In which licentious calling of their own AlTemblies, they abufed their Power to a neglect of the King's Authority; and not difiolving thofe Affemblies when they were commanded, they improved that Neglect to a Difobedience. Nay, fbmetimes they run crofs therein to thofe very Edicts which they had gained by the effufion of muchChriitian Blood , and the expenceof many Hun- dred thoufand Crowns. For by the laft Edict of Pacification, the King had granted the free exercife of both Religions, eveninfuch Towns as were affigned for Caution to the Uugonot Party. Which liberty being enjoyed for many years,was at laft interrupted by thofe very men who with fo much difficulty had procured it. For in an Af- (embly of theirs which they held at Loudun, Anno 16 1 9, they ftridt- ly commanded all their Governours, Mayors, and Sheriffs, not to fuffer any Jefuit, nor thofe of any other Order, to preach in any of the Towns affigned to them, though licenfed by the Bifhop of the Diocefs, in due Form of Law. And when , upon a diflikeof their proceedings," the King had declared their Meetings to be unlawful, and contrary to the Publick Peace$and had procured that Declarati- on to be verified in the Court of Parliament^they did not only refufe to feparate themfelves, as they were required, but frill infifted upon terms of Capitulation, even to a plain juftifying of their actings in it. 3 6. Thefe carriages gave the King fuch juft offence,that he denied them leave to fend Commiffioners to the Synod of Dort , to which they had been earneftly invited by the States of the Nether- lands. For being fo troublefbme and imperious, when they acted on - \y by the ftrength of their Provincial or National Meetings 5 what danger might not be fufpected from a general Confluence , in which the Lib. xii. jthe imttoir of tbc jjiwtbftexm 425 I-.. the i Ice 9 pi all tbc Faction might be laid together? Bm then to i i fweeten them a little attcr this IvcJuial, h< I icm leave to Ziolil an Aliembly at 'CharcatiU , rout nhlcs fiom /'.//-;>, there to debate thufe points, and to agree thole (.niciencesu 1, uh in that Synod hadbci agitated In the reft oJ tln.il Party. Which I .ibci i ich tile ot , in t!.i l.iul Aliembly, that they approved ail tl termi- nations u hich u ere made at Dorr , i <>mnundi.d them to befubicri- bfld , and bcund«tlicmlclvcs and their inu. in the Miniltry, by a iolcmn Oath, + Not only itedtaltly andconuantl) to adhere uqto* x0* them, buttopcrliU in maintenance >f, to the lafrgalp of their""" breath. But to return to the Aliembly at Louuun \ \ hey would not \'\ '," iik' from thence, though the king commanded it, till they had I order tot another Aliembly to be held at Kochd, thechief pla< their Ihcngth , tad the Metropolis or principal City ot tii mon-wealth. Which Gencial Alfembly being called by their owji Authorit v, and called at iueli I time as had given the King foflJe trou- ble in compoling the Allan sot /.Ya>/.-, u as in the King lo fax <:iiJi- Jkcd, and bv ofpeciaj Ldiet lo tar prohibited , that they were all about the payment of their Soldiers Wages , and intercepting the Revenues of the King anddergie, toward the maintenance of the Warr. They alfb Cantoned the whole Kingdom into (even Divifions} af- ligned to each of thofe Divisions, a Commander in Chief-, and unto each Commander, their particular Lieutenants,Deputy-Lieutenants, and other Officers, with feveral Limitations and Directions prescri- bed to each of them for their proceeding in this fervice. \6i\ 5^ This makes it evident, that the King did not take up Arms, but on great neceflkies. He (aw his Regal Authority neglected, his efpecial Edifls wilfully violated, his Gracious Offers fcornfully flighted, his Revenue* Felonioufly intercepted, his whole Realm Cantoned before his face, and put into the power of fuch Comman- ders as he could not truft : So that the Warr being juft on his part, ; he had the more reafbn to expect fuch aniffue of it, as was agreea- ble to the Equity of fo good a Caufe. - He had befides , all thofe Advantages both at home and abroad, which in all probability might allure him of the End defired. The Prince Elector Palatine had been worfted in the Warr of Bohemia , and all the Princes of the Union (cattered to their feveral Homes, which they were hardly able to defend againftfo many Enemies 5 (b that there was no dan- ger to be feared from them. And on the other fide, the King of Great Britain , whom he had molt caufe to be afraid of, had denied afliftance to his own Children in the Warrof Bohemia, which feem- ed to have more Juftice in it than the Warr of the Hngonots 5 and therefore was not like to engage in behalf of frrangers, who rather out of wantonne(s , than any unavoidable necefiity , had took up Arms againft their Lawful and Undoubted Soveraign. At home the Rochellers were worfb befriended than they were abroad} I mean the Common-wealth of Rochel, as King LEWIS called it. The whole Confederacy of the Hngonots there contrived and fworn to 5 they had Cantoned the whole Realm into feven Divifions, which they at- figned to the Command of the Earl of Chajiilion , the Marquefs De la force, the Duke of Soubize, the Duke of Rohan, the Duke of fri- »• xii ChD^uHp of the pzesbptcii 427 — ™ - ■ . .. , — ■ - — «-'% ;1.'l\ rne Duke Des 1 th • nedtobetheG liftirooc * But net- th< 1 I no: /) h ■■■ rr, northc I)'. ! Ion, woul«: Qoawniiiions a* K unto them : Whether it \. ficd with the ill fciccefiot rhcWarrof J thc< ol their duty did direct1 them in it , Ic!; or now. Sothati beliefs being dcfCTted both at hom '.upon the IV.\ er and Prudcmvot r! ami to liipply a!J other wants, out of- the Magazine- ol and i'etv. with which thev were plcntitullv !r Milranees I [ball only touch a% and pB I therelr. I . [own ot CkracJ^\ imniontd the 31 or' jfo/)\ l6ai I .'timed tin . A n; the King, vi/. -ih.it rmii tbtM to enjoy th «, jvitbdraw his Armies, .mellc: r i prliju.it ion which be found them^ I ivould r< ' :ul.wd oh dtent Smbje&s. More fully, thofe of Afoitnt Alhon on the I,, uion . 'lh.tt ihey i to live to the King . ihouh Paid, but) in the 1 \ rf the Churches Molt B rltbels ! cvr let us look upon the King; who being brought to a neceffityof taking Arms, in ir nude hi: v. ay unto it by hisUcc'ara- •1 of ihciccorul ot April , publilbcd in tavour ct~ all thole otchat Reli ;ion who would contain tl.tmlc.lvcs in their due obt.clii.tai-. In he eauLcl five pei Ions to be executed in the Ci- rv r.uhohad tumultuouOy dilturbed the Hu^onots. whom they t'onnd butted at the burial ot one of their d I !e alio Mini- fied to the King of dre.it r>ntj?n. the Princes or the F.mphc, and the ot the Netherlands, 1 hat he had not undertook this Warr to liipprels the Religion, but to chaftile the Infolencies ot Rebellious Subject. And 1 I in words, he made good by his deeds- For when the Warr W» ar the hottclc, all thole or' the Religion in thcCitv of r.tris. lived as Ucurelv as before, and ha 1 tin it accuf tam- ed Meetings at Ch.trenton , as in times ot peace. Which f.itetv and lecu'itv w.is t other places, cv«.n where the ku;.\ Af« mi« quartered. Nay , Inch a care was takenot then .uion. that u !ku tomj ot tiie Ralcalicv in thcCiry or" V.n, upon thefirit tydingsof the death or' the Duke ot fil.iyrne, ( v. ho had beenllain at the or Mont-.tlhon , amongft manv others) bar '.laughter and revenge to the llueonot PattYj Duke of jl/wnl'izonAn "jur (it the City , com- ma- Ionics and th 1 be liicly guarded Jbthat no • was-done to their Good* or PeHbns. Aod when the Rabble be* ; dilappointed of their Ends in P.iris . had run tumaltuouUy the t (ia\ to Ch irenton . and burnc n their 1'cmple , an Order - prewrttly >) the Court ot Parliament, tor there-' ■ if at the King sfole Charges, and that too in afar m Lttiru! brick than before fc had. Butin the conduct, ot the Warr. t ied not his Cv.mlels with like moderation. hnciing the v too 'o range at liberty ; as it he meant to be as terrible in hi* El 428 5Etje lf)ifto?p of tlje ^^fifftp^rian^ Lib. xu. Executions, as he defired to be accounted juft in his Undertakings. But poffibly this may be excufed ..though not defended, as being done in .hotJHood, when the fpirits of the Soldiers were enfiamed with anger, by reafon of the lots of (b many of their Chief Con manders, occafioned by the holding out of the obftinate Party s, or (he lofsof their Fellows:, and could not eafily be quenched but by the blood of their Enemies. 1622. 4°* I ftall not touch upon the particulars of this Warr, which was quick and violent } and as fuccesful on the King's part, as he could defire. Let it fuffice , that within the compafs of Eighteen Months, or thereabouts, he ftript them of no fewer than One hun- dred of their fhongeft places : fo that their whole ftrength was re duccdina manner to two Towns only •■> th;t is to fay, the fcrong Townof A/b#*4/W, and the Port of Rochel^ the reft fubmitring one by one, at the firffc demand. A Peace is thereupon concluded before MontpeUier^ agreeable enough to the Will of the Viclor , and with lecurity enough to the vanquiflied Party , if all Conclusions had been kept with asgreataconftancy,as they had been agreed upon with a feeming alacrity. By which Accord,the faid two Towns were to be held in caution for, three years only ^ and the lad feemed much over- a wed by the Fort of K. Lewis , erected by the Count of Soi- foons) when he lay before it. For the demolifhing of which Fort, the King was earneftly Ibllicited by their Commiilioners i, and for the not granting whereof, when it was defired , he was accufed for violating the Pacification which he had made with them before Itiontpellier , and fblemnly confirmed in the Courts of Parliament. And on theother fide, the King complained as fcnfibly againft the Hugonots^ in regard they had not fetled the Ecclcjiaftickj in their law- ful PolTeilions, nor admitted thole of the Roman-Catkolicl^Kz\\g\- on, unto Civil Offices, in any of their Towns and Territories, as by the Articles of that Pacification they were bound to do. So that the Wound feemed rather to be skinned, than healed^ and fuddenly be- came more dangerous than at firft it was. For thofe of Rochel being fbmewhat blocked up by Forties, toward the Land, praaifed with the Dukeof Soubizetogxow ftrong by Sea, and make up a Fleet confifting of Eleven men of Warr. befides lefler Veflels, enter the large Haven of Blavet in Bretagne, feizeupon all the Ship? which they found therein , and amongft others, fix of great ftrength and beauty, belonging to the Duke of Nevers. By the accefiion of tins Strength, they feizeupon the Ifles of Rheand Oleron 3 with all the Shipping in the fame 5 and having gathered together a Navy of no fewer than Seventy Sail, they infeft t he Seas,and interrupt the ccurfe of Traffick. j^2e, 41, For the repreffing of thefe Pyrates, (for they wc re no better) the King fends out the Duke of Montmorency* with a <\aval Power} hires Twenty men of VVarr of the States of Holland^ and borrows Eight tall Ships of the King of England: With which he gives bat- tel to Soubizes beats him at Sea, and loiceth him to i • t ciibonoura- bly from the lile ot Rhe , whicn the French pi efently poflefs , and begin Lib. xif % ztyittn? of tftc ftzegbpteriang, 419 intoibrtifie. Fo novalof whole Fbrcet from that Iflaod, blockt up their Haven , ihe Rachel/en mediate, bv 9mki%£% with K. CHARLES '•... 1 .ui relieving Rochei. Both which he np.illedw it difficulty, if "he had not loir i opportuni hich he gained at his landing; pa fled by the Fort / .• 1 .-. trththe taking, and (uffcring himself tobecom- plcmentedVout of the ftormtogol St.J/jtrtmt, when it wai at his For the French F01 ;by the Fort of / .; p*e9 com* him to .m unlate BLetreat, but or a great part of his Army, it him back with far lets Honour than he-brought along with 42. But the Relief of Rochei it not (ogives over, AftrongFlect 1628, <1 tor the year next following , to be commanded by the Duke , who gave hirnieU more hopes of good Fortune in it , than his ' liigncd him* For being villanoufly (lain at Port/mouth, wk a as a 1 molt ready to embark bis Soldiers, the Conduct of the ted to the Earl of Limdjej^ who very cheerfully and CGuragioudy undertook the Service. But the French had blockl up the Bavenof /w;<7e/, with Piles and Ramparts, and other moft fhipendious Works in themidftof the Ocean, that it was ut- tefif impoliible foi the Fail to force his pallage, though he did moft mpt ir. Which being ouferved by thole of Rochei, who were then befieged toLaodward, by the King inPerfon, and even reduced unto the I aft extremity, by Plagues and Famine; they prelcni 1 their Gates, and without making anv Conditions tor their | tn, iubmitted ablolutely to that Mercy which thev had law ned lo often in their prolperous Fortunes. The King thu 1 iil.iuntlcth all their Fortifications, leaves it quite open both to Sea and Land, commands them to renounce the bf Kocbei, and to take unto the Town the Name of MmjViBu otBtmr , .Mtrj. nut herein bis Command found butfmallcom- pliancC) the Name or Rachel (till remaining, and that of Mary 01 Bmrg eie St. Mary, a 1 molt a> loon forgotten as it had been given. Alter which followed tbeurrendry o4 Kifmeft , and Atont- r. rv.oim. ble places" thclirltof which had been re-fotti- fied in thefe lair Commotions. For, What Town could prefume of [landing out againft the King, when Rochclhzd been forced to fub- mit ro Mercy. Y y y 4 5. Sec fto jt3feffiftg?P "c? tftgffsegbptettan& .Lib.. Xil 49. See uOw to what a low condition thefe hot Calvinian fpfrits have reduced themfelves by their frequent I nfolencies 5 how differ- ent their Aflairs were at the end or this Warr g from that Felicity which they tnjoyed'wheinhey firft began it. Before the beginning of the Warr, Annoi6zo0 they were pcfii lied or well- near Tv \ hundred flrong Towns and Caftles. well fortified for their perioral fafcty, bedded many fairHouies. and large Territories, which they had in the Villages, in which' their Plealures and their Profits were: a-like confulted \ they flept all of them under their own Vines, and their own Fig-trees , neither fearing, nor having caufetofearthe leaft'difturbance. With thole of the Catholic/^ Party they were grown fb intimate, by reafon of their frequent inter- marriages with one ..another; that in few years they might have been incorporated with them, and made of the fame Family, though of different Faiths* The exereifeof their Religion had been permitted to them fince the palling of theEdiclof Nants, 1598., without interruption. And that they might havefatisfactionalfointhe Courts of Juftice, fbme Com ts were purpolely erected for their eafe and benefit, which they called Les Chambres d ' i* EdiB^ wherein there were as many Judges and other Officers of their own Perfwahons , as there were of the, contrary. In a word, they lived fo fecure and happy, that they want* ed nothing to perpetuate their Felicities to fucceeding Ages, but Moderation in therufelves, Gratitude to Almighty God , and good Affedtions towards their King. 44. Such were the Fortunes and Succefles of the Presbyterians in the reft of Chriftendom, during the laft ten years of the Reign of K. JjAfES> and the beginnings of K. CHARLES, By which both Kings might fee how unlafe they were, if men of luch Pragmatical Spirits, and Seditious Principles , fhould get ground upon them. But K. JAIMES had fo far fupported them in the Belgick^ Provinces , that his own \CaJyin?fts pjefumed on the like Indulgence 5 which prompt- ed them to let nought by his Proclamations , to vilifie fus Injiru&i- ons^ and delpife his Mellages. Finally, they made tryal of his pati- ence alio, by letting up one Knight ^ of Broadgates( now called Tern- broke Colledg) to preach upon the Power of fuch popufar Officers as Calvin thinks to be ordained by Almighty God, for curbing and reft raining the Power of Kings. In which, though Knight himfeif was cenfured,the Doctrines folemnly condemned.^ execution done upon a Book ofPareus, which had milguided the unfortunate and ignorant man? yet the D/wwowmoft tenacioully adhered to their Matter's tendries,withan intent to bring them into ufe and pracfife, when occa- lion lerved. So that K. JAMES with all his King-craft, could find no better way to fupprefs their Infolencies, than by turning Mowttague upon them x, a man ofamighry Parts, and an undaunted Spirit; and one who knew, as well as any, how to difcriminate the Doctrines of the Church of England^ from thofe which were peculiar to the Seel: of Calvin. By which he galled and gagged them more than his Popifh Adverfary; but railed thereby fo many Pens againft himfeif, that he might feem to have lucceeded in the ft ate of ifmael. 45. In Lib. XII. jLiieljMftnjp of t\)t pjeSbptertanjB* » 4)1 45. InihstconjuDdhireol Aif.ms, K. '//M//'".v depart uhislifc3and K. CHARLES fiiccecdst who to ingratiate himlclf with this pow- erful Faction, had plunged his Futhci- in a W.m with theHoufeU sfujir/.i^ by which he was brought under the ncceiiity of calling Parliaments, and gave- thole Parliaments the courage to difpute his Actions. For though they promiied to (hind to him with their Fives and Fortunes, in profecution of that VVarr } yet when they had engaged him in it, they would not part with any money to defray that Charge, till they had ltrippcd him of the Richeft Jew- els in the Regal Diadem. But he was much more punilhed in the convenience of his own Example in aiding thole of Kochel agaiuff their King, whereby he trained up his own Subjects in the School of Rebe' I ion, and taught them to confederate themfelves with the Scots and Dutch, to fence upon his Forts and Caltles, invade the Patrimo- ny of the Church, and to make ulc of his Revenue againft himfelf. To fuch Misfortunes many Princes do reduce themfelves , when ei- ther they engage themfelves to maintain a Party, or govern not their Actions by the Rulesof Juftice s but are directed by felf-ends, of fwayed by the corrupt AfTe&ions of untrufty Minilrers. Thele things I only touch at here, which I referve for the Materials of ano- ther Hiltory, asl do alio all the intermediate pailages in the Reign of K. CHARLES , before the breaking out of the Scottijb Tumults, and moitot the preparatives totheWarrof England. Yyy AERIVS ■v . Jil 1. ",- A I? A E R I V S REBIVIVVS: O R5 The Hiftory OF THE PRESBYTERIANS. L,d. XIII. Containing InfurreUions of the Presbyterian or Puritan Fa8ion> in the Realm Scotland: 'ike Rebellions raifed by them in England: Their hor- rid S.iLriled^cs, Murders. Spoils, and Rapines , in purfuit thereof: Innovations Leih in Dotlrine and Discipline : And the great eft. I .ration m.idc in the Civil Government , from the year 1616 , to : j ear 1 1 4" , n '.m they rvcrcfiript of alt Command by the In- cicpendcc HE rresbyterian-Scots, and the Turitan-EngliJ}) .were not to much difcouraged by the ill luccelles of their Brethren in Fr.imc and Germany, as animated by the prolpcious Fortunes of their Friends in Hoi- Pjra«l /j»/f/. Who by Rebellion were grown Powerful j and by Kapioc, Wealthy 5 and by the Reputation of their Wealth and Power, were able to avenge themlelves on the pfrpofitc Party. To u hole -Felicities, it thole in England did afpire, ibey uue to entertain thole- Counfels, and purfue thofe courfes , by others had attained themj that h to lay, Theywercby Y y y 3 fecret ■■«- _, „■■ — I . -' ■ ' ■ ... .11-, .- -,r.,.-.— ■ , , , , - ,p| 4)4 %$t l^iftojp Of tfy $lZ$bVttri&ti8> Lib. XIU, fecrct practifestodiminifhthe King's Power and Greatnefs, to draw the people to depend upon their Directions, to diflblve all the Liga- ments or the former Government^ and either call in Forreign Forces, or form an Army of their own to maintain their doings. And this had been the bulinefsof the Puritan Faction, fince the death of Ban- croft? when by the retirements of K. J AMES from all cares of Go- vernment, and the connivance or remifnefs of Arch-bifhop Abbots the Reins were put into their hands. Which gave them time and op- portunity to grow ftrong in Parliaments, under pretence of (land- ing for the Subjects Property , againft the encroachments of the Court, and for the prefervation of the true Religion, againft the pra&ifesof the Papijis. By which two Artifices, they firft weakned the Prerogative Royal, to advance their own 5 and by the diminu- tion of the King's Authority, endeavoured toereft the People's, whom they reprefented. And then they pra&ifed toafperfe with the Name of Papiji, all thofe who either join not with them in their Sab- bath-Doctrines^ or would not captivate their Judgments unto Cal- vin'* Dictates. Their actings in all which particulars, either as Zea- lots for theGofpel, in maintaining Calvinisms or Patriots for the Common-wealth, in bringing down the Power and Reputation of the two lafl Kings } (hall be at large delivered in the Life of the late Arch-biQhop, and confequently may be thought unneceflary to be here ..related. And therefore, pretermitting all their former pracli- fesj by which their Party was prepared, and the Defign made ready to appear in publick 5 we will proceed to a Relation of the follow- ing palTages, when they had pulled off their Difguile , and openly- declared themfelvesto be ripe for Aftion. 2. The Party in both Kingdoms being grown fo ftrong that they were able to proceed from Counfel unto Execution j there wanted nothing but a fair occafion for putting themfelves into a pofture of defence 5 and from that pofture, breaking out into open Warr. But finding no occafion, they refolve to make one} and to begin their firft Embroilments upon the fending of the new Liturgy and Book of Canons to the Kirk of Scotland. For though the Scots in a general 1617. Aflemhly held at Aberdeen, had given content unto the making of a Liturgy for theufeof that Kirk, and for drawing up a Book of Ca- nons out of the Aftsof their Aflemblies, and fome A&s of Parlia- ment, yet when thofe Books were finifhed by the Care of King CHARLES , and by his Piety recommended unto ufe and practife, it muft be looked on as a violation of" their Rights and Liberties. And 161 8. tnou&h i° another of their Aflemblies which was held at Perth, they had paft five Articles for introducing private Baptifm, communica- ting of the fick, kneeling at the Communion, Epifcopal Confirma- tion, and the obferving of fuch ancient Feftiyals as belonged imme- diately untoChrift: yet when thofe Articles were incorporated in the Common-prayer- Book, they were beheld as Innovations in the Wormip of God, and therefore not to be admitted in fo pure and Reformed a Church as that of Scotland. Thefewere the Hooks by which they drew the people to them, who never look on their Su- periors Lib. XIII. H OjpoJ { 4^ ars wicli n they I I lie (,';iuli <>l :' U.: n.it;\ c ; ir th< i men <>i i ii !l> . . ; > < , Q Commiiiion or .9a->/ ; | . , ; oolhel liv1 "ll Ul 11 J .Itlnn. Aiul || .Mlbitioil. Ul ,, ri- who had no other w*) 10 i rwduJ d upon the rJilbup*by Uiuiiv A*. i -u'l i.nij '.a an .**<>//* amj'k of their J. Ti - I the u i) tq (' III l->:rii(hlipb, 4pt\u . : ioruliieh, rheAuthois anc tflW-ha^ received iom<. riti,Dutfu< :is c! r itfcivc.i ii ..• lor l. thim fenfibl rnfrom it. S <> t / j a t i the cbmingol • lBooko£ Canons, thejs;^// were put intofuch lie.u, tl tion of il .1 i u mul; r by a wilful ob- ftrnacy. ThcK.inqhad then a Fleet atSea, Sufficient I) fuj ro fcav« biockt I ie U.-.wr^iA's.otL-nd^ and, In - d< djcroj ing'tti im;i I I i.'' noogft tlicin, tq . , ablbhitely to His Will and Pleaiiue. But the) haul ■ ,.ir Pariv in the Council ot . and had* Q the I ot Hamilton , ami mar.y TiLndi o; bwt m the Court ol Em<rtd thattfjeydfearcdnc of > be QfjforjCed to their c in the vvai (if Ar: me wm repf, they defrifeali i lis Pxoclanu.tioi BUI ■)- only Heencouimed them in their rjrft Scd tio. ckt) [uotclted againft all Declarations \. | fc fent nn n, in the Sirti 9¥&&t Nothin being a iuihciiut y carpi then iemult-,, the waft them- Do ,i i ..ble.roicliliutch ot' buhne . f! tJ,j5 cemtntiBgor" their Combination. 1 oi '.:. the\ could notcauly be: . e*oJ a (peedier a thantounitc the people to th< tnt.W.. t was thought necc£ cogitattdin tor the ■t the h iaun\ and vu perftitioi Church of. Rome; liil I tirlr bv t he King and oulhoId-Sci rams; and t. bv ail ie fcungdon . laid befoi And 4*6 JO)e foiftozp cf tfoe $n% wreriang* Lib. xlii And it wasaHb faid before, that unto this Conftilion they adjoined a Band3^»». I hey cou!(i rj'K \ not turuto [• tuy ; and th« I it it w igh themfefves into Arms', ro call bad molt bl then ol I - the Watts mCcrm.tny ; an*. I almolt all their ' mandsin the Kctherl.tnclt \ whom to maintain , u i< \ istc King'- He, and tl.e Kentsof the Bilhops,and J the people, rakinguj>'Armsand Ammunition1 from tl feJ, with whom they went on Ticket i ami long da) ol p.i\;<>. n:. foi \. .1111 of ready money tor their I. it isfactioa< But all (hi] I. fcrved their turn, ir the king could haw been periwadceltohavegV ven them battel, or fufiercd any pan of that great Army brought againlt them, to lay walrctluir Countrev. (- i hole n..,,. < in f v -in n t Iiev bnce perceived, and knew withal 1 how many friends they had about him, they thought it would be no hard m ltt< r t tain hufi .1 Pacification ai might ieeurc them for the preieot I rr>rr i abto'nte CQnouelt, and give them opportunity to provide better for tbercfertes FnthetirnetO come, upon the reputation or being able to divert or break lueh a puiliant Army. And loir pioved in i event. I a theKingfndno foone* retired bis I urces both by Sea and Land', >v.u\ given fife Soldiers a Liccnfc ro return to tbeii ie\ ral Hotrfe^buttheScaf/prefentty proteltaruinlt all the.- Ai tides of the Pacification : put harder prcihires on the King's Party, than l>. fore they iidK red. keep all their Officers in pay t, by their Vfclicn- gcrs and Letters, apply themleh estothc French K»ng tor lupport and tuceoursi By whom encouraged under-hand, and openlj counted Danced by Ibmc Agents of the Cardinal KichcUeu, who then govern- ed all Affairs ra Fra»re,they enter into temgUndY/hhb puiliant Ai- my, making their way tO that Invation- by fbtne Printed Pamphlets, which they difperted into all parts, thereby to colour their Rebelli- ons, and bewitch the people. 6. And now the EwgUJb rrcslyterUns take the courage to appear j more pnblickly in the defenceof the Scots and their proceeding than they had done hitherto. A Parliament had been called on the i^th 6f ApriL for granting Moneys to maintain the Warr againft the Scots. But the Commons were fobackward in complying with the King's Oellres, that he found himfelf under the neccliity or diiiol- ving the Parliament, which clie had blafted his Delign , and openly declared in fivourof the publick Enemies, This puts the dilcon- tentcd Rabble into fuch a fury , that they violently aliaulted Lam- btth-HoMjc. but w'erc as valiantly reported $ and the next day break open all the Prlfons in Sontbir.ir^^ and relealeall the Priloners whom they found committed for their Tnconformities. /jiw/K'./t/. the Ring- leader rhthele Tumuli ,i apprehended and arraigned . condemn^ ami executed the whole proceeding beinggroundedon the Statute of ther-jt/j of K / hi.'.. HL> the :;<•/ . for punifhing all I'reafonsand Rebellions againft the King. But that which threat ned greater dan- ger to the Kingand the Church, than either the Arms of the Siois. or the Tumults in soutkwirk,}, was a Petition -lent unto the Kin. who was then at T*r4 : fublcribcdby fundry Noble-men of the Pi L ' > :ar 4^8 jEfee lj)ifto>p of tfo $>it$bvttmm> Lib, xm, *^*A***° pular Faction, concluded on the 22th of Jugujl-, carried by the 1640. Lorcj Mandevili and the Lord Howardoi Efcrigg: and finally , pre- "~**~m*J fentedon the third ofSeptember. In which it was .petitioned ..amongft other th'mgs^That the prefentWar might be compofed without lofs of blood. That a "Parliament flwuld be forthwith called for redrejs of Grievances, ( amongft which, fome pretended Innovations in Religion muft be none of theleaft) and that the Authors and Counfellors of fuch Grie- vances as are there complained of \ might be there brought to fuch ale-, gal Try als and receive fuch condign puniflmient as their Crimes requi- red. This haftned the aflembling of the great Council of the Peers at Tork^ and putthe King upon the calling of a Parliamentof His own accord j which otherwife might bethought extorted by their importunity. 7. The Scots, in the mean time, had put by fuch Englifo Forces as lay ontheSouth-Hdeof the 7*»e,atthe paflage of Newborn , make themfelves Mailers of Newcaflle, deface the goodly Church of Dur- ham, bring all the Countreys on the North-fide of the Tees, under contribution, and tax the people to all payments at their only plea- fure. The Council of Peers, and a Petition from the Scots , prepare the King .to entertain a Treaty with them} the managing whereof was chie% left unto thofe Lords who had fubferibed the Petition before remembred. But the third day of November coming on a-pace and the Commiffioners feeming defirous to attend ia Parliament which was to begin on that day, the Treaty is adjourned to London^ which gave the Scots a more dangerous opportunity to infedt that City, than all their EmilTaries had obtained in the times fore-going. Nor was it long before it openly appeared what great power they had upon their.Party in that City j which animated Pennington , at- tended with fome hundreds of inferior note9 to tender a Petition to the Houfeof Commons, againft the Government of Bifhops here by Law eftabliQied. It was affirmed , that this Petition was fubferibed by many thoufands , and it was probable enough to be fo indeed. But whether it were (b or not, he gave thereby fuch an occafion to the Houfe of Commons, that they voted down the Canons which had pafled in the late Convocation , condemned the Bifhops and Clergy in great fums of Money, which had fubferibed to the fame : decry the Power of all Provincial or National Synods, for making any Canons or Conftitutions which could bind the Subject, until they were confirmed by an AcT: of Parliament. And having brought this general terror on the Bifhops and Clergy, they impeach the Arch-bi(bopof HighTreafon, caufe him to be committed to the Black Rod , and from thence to the Tower. Which being done, fome other of the Bifhops and Clergy muft be fingled out , informed againft by fcandalous Articles , and thofe Articles print- ed, without any confideration either true or falfe. 1641. 8» And though a Convocation were at that time fitting 3 yet to encreafe the Miieries of a felling-Church, it is permitted, that a pri- vate Meeting fhould be held in the Deanry of Wejiminjier^to which fome Orthodox and Conformable Divines were called, as a foil to /■ the Lib. xin. Coilviro^of tJKp: iherclf, which pent tally Vuritjn Priori- r>wA — pics. - , 1 hat many p id I ii . , , ' ihould bccxpui;. I Other* .slicrc.il to . and Reverence in official ■ publick S'ci , be brought within the comp.uS or lnno. mfm (lititiUl be entertained in all parts of ihcQIiui S.ibb.i; . in^thougbi V to C.ihin\ , r- ded idi:. but before an) thing could be concluded in thofe . ty matters the Common? let tneit Bill > ltuh , tor putt ip I Biflbp itheih.il Chinch which put a period to that Meeting without doing any flung. And though/the BiUjUpon a.fuU debatexhercon arrioug Peers3 \ caft outof that HouiCj and was not By the courfe of Parfiarrients to be oti '-un; yet, contrary to all tomur Qiltmi , jtwas ji tJtB one time to another, till in the en point which they iomuch airucdat. Hereupon to 1] Lome Petitions from the Univeiiuie.s, in favour ot Catb< dial ^um\ ( !oll< gi ite Churcrv ,v\ ith- our which, Learning mult be delUmteor its chief en mentsj a id feme Petitions from whole Counties, in behalf of Episcopacy, ; hout Wlhich there was like to be no piclcrvat ive againit Sedh .ind Heretics. But nothing was npre memorable than the inter- pleadings intheHoule ot Gunmcns, between Dr.'joLn Ujil^t , one of tlie Prebendaries ot St. Pauls , and Arch-Dcac ju o[ Bedford^ and Or. Cornelius MtrgeSy a right lioubty Difpnt.mt : but bettC] skilled in drawing.downhis MyrmidonSjthan in nents : thei£ lue of whole Plea was this, 'ihutthoi. ?JT*rjt and the Qmrp-mtn fsamdaloj/s h jet , th.it their could not ic ali.;:.:ted unto prtvite perfons , XBlthbUt guilt of S.aril o, But little did thisedifie with the Leading-part in trje Houleof Commons , who wt i e u lujved to praccifc on the Church by little and little, and at thelaltto play at lweep-ftake, and take all together. Kirlt therefore, they began with taking down the Starr-Chambu , and the High Commiliion , without which Courts the Subjects could rot calily be kept in order, nor the Church from Faction. And in the Ad for taking down the Court of the HighCommifIion3a claule is cunningly intci ted. which plainly took aw ay all Coercive Pb wet whLi had bcenvcltedin the Bi(hop>. and their Undcr-Officers. dif- ablitv.: thtai trom impoling any pain or penalty; and conitijucntly, from : ! Churcii-Ccnturcsou notorious tinners. Their Ju- riftJiction being thus gone, it was not likely that their Lands fhould ■ long behind; though in good manners itw.is thought conveni- ent to itrip them lirlt from, having an;. igem thelioufe of Peers. And when t)ieyooce were rendred ulelcfs to the Church . State, the Lai^is wpuld follow oi themfelves without any great trouble. And that they might attain the end which they fo much aed al3 hurvis draws, down his Myrmidom to the Doors ot he 1-ai . ! cnei. teacheth them to cry , No BiJbopi3 No Bijhobs, with their wonted violent which confuted Rabble, fomc indignities i 4 tire uts a- .ciuently put upon them, either in keeping Z z ■'. 3 them 44° 3C!)e l^ifto2p of the J&;esi)pterian& Lib. xiil *— */s— "*> them off from landing, if they came by water § or offer violence to l64I« their perfons, if they came by Land. Which multiplied Injuries gave fuch juft caufeof fear and trouble, that they withdrew themfeives from the Houie of Peers, but tent withall a Vrotejiation to preserve their Rights : In which it was declared, That all ABs made , or to be tnade^ in the time of their abfence^ considering their abfence was infor- ced0not voluntary , Jhould be reputed void and null to all intents and purposes in the Law whatfocver. This Froteftatton being tendred in the Houfe of Peers, communicated to the Houie of Commons , and the fuppofed offence extreamly aggravated by the Lord Keeper Lit' tleton , the Bifhops are impeached of Treafon , nine of them fent Pritbnersto the Tower, and two committed to the cuftody of the Gentleman-llfher. 10. And there we leave them for awhile, to look into the For- tunes of the publick Liturgy 5 not like to ftand , when both the Scots and Englijh Vresbytenans did confpire againft it. The Fame whereof had either caufed it totally to be laid afide, or performed by halfs in all the Counties where the Scots were of ftrength and power ^ and not much better executed in fome Churches of London, wherein that Faction did as much predominate, as if it had been under the protection of a Scottifo Army. But the firft great inter- ruption which was made at the officiating of the publick Liturgy,was made upon a Day ofHumiliation,whenallthe Membersof the Houfe of Commons were affembled together at St. Margaret's in Wejiminfler. At what time , as the Pried: began the fecond Service at the Holy Ta- ble, fome of the Puritans or Presbyterians beganaPfalm^ and were therein followed by the reft in fo loud a Tune, that the Minifter was thereby forced to defift from his duty , and leave the Preacher to perform the reft of that day's Solemnity. This gave encouragement enough to the reft of that Party to let aslittle by the Liturgy in the Countrey, as they did in the City 5 efpecially ki all fuchulages and rights thereof, as they were pleated to bring within the corn- pals of Innovations. But they were more encouraged to it, by an Order of the Lower-Houle, bearing date on the 8/Aof September, Anno 1 641. By which all Church- Wardens were required in their leveral Parifhes to remove the Holy Table from the Eaft-end of the Chancel, to any other part of the Church 5 to take away the Ralis before it, and not to fuffer any Tapers, Candlefticks, or Batons, to be placed upon it. It was required alio by the lame. That there fhouldbe no bowing at the Name of Jefus3 nor adoration toward the Eaft, nor any reverence ufed in men's approaches to the Holy Table. And by the fame, all Dancing, and other lawful Recreati- ons, were prohibited on their Lord's-day-Sabbath, after the duties of the Day 3 and Catechifing turned into After-noon- Sermons , di- rectly contrary to His Majefty's Declarations and Inftruclions given in that behalf. And though the Lords refuted to join with them in that Vote, and lent them back unto an Order of the 16th of January, by which they had confirmed and enjoined theufe of the Liturgy 5 yet Vym commands the Order to be put in execution by a Warrant under Lib. xill_ £:el)P oUI}e}::;sot teri ns. 44 under hisou Q h.uicl onlv, and th.it too during the : H Dal- ~s— *^- noft all the Lords and Commons had retired themiclvcs to tbeii L- ' 4*« vera] dwell in) II. Hereupon followed luJi an alteration itjallChu/ and Cbtppels , tint tin Church-Wardens pulled dow n more in a VV< or two, thanall the Bithops and Clergy 1 n able to pile in i Weeks ol years. And hereupon there followed iuch trrevcrem in God's publiek Service, and fuch a discontinuance of it in too many places, chat His Ma jetty was compelled to give newliteto it by His Proclamation of the tenth of December \ and taking 01 in the lame (ox pnniji'iug all the ml Jul Contemners and /> j i oj it. But this Proclamation being publilhed in that point of nine in which the Commons were intent on the Wan ot Ireland, and ita Turitans as much bnfied in blowing the Trumpet of Sedition in the Kingdom or EttgUmdi) it only (bowed the King's good meaning, with his want or Power. In which conjuncture hapned the Impe.i ment and luiprifonnunt ot hlevenof the Bilhops : Which made that Bench lo thin, and the- King lo weak, that Oil the 6tk oi lelrui- ry the I ords contented to the taking away or their Votes iu Pailia- menr. The News whereof was lolemni/.cd in molt places oi / ondon, with Bells and Bonfires. Nothing remained, but that the King lie pafs it into Act by his Ivov.d Aii.nt , by fame unhappy Tnlurtimcitt extorted from Him when he- u afi at Canterbury 5 and he y His Mellagcto the Houles oo the fourteenth ox that Month. \\ hich Condefcention wrought lb much uiujuictncis to Hi.s Mind and Con- ference, and lo much unieeufenels to H;s Perlon , for theituor ill Life, that He could lc.ircc truly boaftof one I elicity. till God was plealed to put a final per ioot to His Griefs and Sorrows, tor in relation to tin lalt, we lind that the next Vote which taued in Par- liament, deprived Him ot 1 lis Negative I one. and put the whole Mi- litiaox the Kingdom intothe hands ot the Houles. Which Was the firlr. beginning of His following Mile ties. And looking on Him in the rirlt, He will not (pare to let us know in one of his Prayers, 'J hat the injury which he had done to the IVijhopsof England, did at much grate upon his Confer. either the permitting of a nror% ir.iy of li'orjhip to be fetupt/i Scotland} or jufjering ittnoctUl Hood to be fed under colour of Jujiu e. ia. Forfeit Was, that fome of the prevailing-Members m the Houfe of Commons, conlidering how faithfully and clfcctually the Scots had lervedthem , not only voted a Gratuity of Three hun- dred thoul.md pounds ot good Ettglijb Money , to be freely given thems but kept their Army in a conltant and continual Pay, for Nine Months together. And bv the terror of that Army, they for- ced the Kingto pal> the Bill for 1 rienial Parliaments, and topcr- petuatethc prelent Seliionat the will of the Houfes; to give con- lent for Muitheringthe tail of Stratford with the Sword of Ju- ftice; and fullering the /\rch-bilhop ot Canterbury to be banifhed from him:, to tiingawav the Starr-Chamber, ami the High-Commif- fion , and the Coercive Po.'.ci ot Bnlieps ; to part with aJJ his right Z z / ^ to 44* £JK l^tftcgp of tfecffgcgbpteriang* Lib.xm. to Tonnage and Poundage, to Ship-money, and the Ad for Knight- 1641. hood; and by retrenching the Perambulation of His Forefts and J Chafes, to leave his Game to the deftruction of each Bore or Pea- fant. And by the terror of this Army , they took upon them to en- gage all the Subjects of the Kingdom in a Protejiation, firft hammer- ed on the third of May, in order to the condemnation of the Earl of Strafford^ for maintenance of the Priviledges and Rights of Par- liament, (landing to one another in purfuanceof it , and bringing all perfbnsto condign punifhment who were fuffe&ed to oppofe them. Encouraged alfo by the fame, they took upon them an Autho- rity of voting down the Church's Power in making of Canons, con- demning all the Members of the late Convocation, calumniating ma- ny of theBifhops and Clergy, in moft odious manner , and vexing fbme of them to the Grave. And they would have done the Jike to the Church it felf, in pulling down the Bifhops and Cathedral Churches, and taking to themfelves all their Lands andHoufes, if by the Conftancy and Courage of theHoufeof Peers, they had not failed of their Defign. But at the lair , the King prevailed fo far with the ;£c0fjCommiiIionersrthat they were willing to retire and withdraw! heir Forces, upon His Promife to confirm the A£b of the Ailembly at GUfgow, and reach out fuch a Hand of Favour un- to all that Nation, as might effatethemin a bappinefs above their hopes. On this allurance they march homewards, and Hefolloweth after. Where he confentsto theabolifhingof Bifhops, and aliena- ting all their Lands by Aft of Parliament ; fupprefleth, by like Acts, the Liturgy, and the Book of Canons, and the five Articles of Perth? rewards the chief Aftors in the late Rebellion, with Titles, Offices, and Honours 3 and parts with fo much of His Royal Prerogative to content the Subjects, that He left Himfelf nothing of a King , but the empty Na'rhe. And to fum up the whole in brief, In one hour He unravelled all that excellent Webj the weaving whereof had took up more than Forty years; and coil: His Father and Himfelf fomuch Pains and Treafure. • 13. By this Indulgence to the Scots, the Irijh Papijls are invited to expedt the like , and to expect it in the fame way which the Scots had travelled; that is to fay, by feizingon His Forts and Caftles, putting themfelves into the Body of an Army, and forcing many of His good Protefcant- Subjects to forfake the Kingdom. The Motives which induced them to it, their opportunities for putting it in exe- cution , and the mifcarriage of the Plot, I might here relate, but that I am to keep my felf to the Presbyterians , as dangerous Enemies to the King and.the Church of England, as the IriJljPapiJis. For fb it hapnedj that His Majefty was informed at His being in Scotland, That the Scots had neither took up Arms, nor invaded England, but that they were encouraged to it by fome Members of the Houfes of Parliament, on adeiign to change the Government both of Church and State. In which he was confirmed by the Remonjirance of the fi ate of the Kingdom , prefentedto Him by the Commons a,t His fuft coming back 5 the forcible attempt for breaking into the Abby Uh. xili. ghetoiftup ot tin pzesbpt g. 445 ■ — i ■ AM*' bf I'/efimmJler--, the concourfc ot leditious people to the r^s**^ Dor<_s of the Parliament. ei\ ingout, that t! ouid have aw la*- i©4*« y7»^/)/ w<;r RJfr/A lords'^ and then tumultuatmg in a I manner, CVctfat //'''•' //./// Gates, where they ci\ed out v. irh tar mon hor- rof to the \\ 'ihit th-.: Km^was not worthy to Itre^ th.it they would hi-vcno Porter's 1 od^ between Him and then: \ and, 'lh.it the Prince would govern better. Hereupon certain Members of both Hou(esi that is to lay . the Lord Kimbulton of the Upper; Hollh and Hajkrig, Hampden^ Pj m. and Stroud, of the l-oun-Houlc, lie impeached ot f o alon , a Serjeant firm to apprehend them, and command given tor lealing up their Trunks and Clolets. i I . but on the conn. 11 \. the Commons did pretend and declared ao* 1 \, I hat no Member or' theirs w.is tn be impeached, arretted, or brought unto a Legal Trial, but by thcOrdcr ot 1 hat Houfe 5 and, that the lealing up of their Trunks or Clnfets.was I breach of Privr- ledg. And thereupon it was rcfolved on Motulay^fm. | being the day of the Impeachment, lh.it if any perjons whjtjocver , jhould come to th ngs of any Member of the Houfe. t or ferze upon their perfon s^ that then jttch Members fl.ould require the atd of the Conjiabte to keep h pylons in jafe cufody till the Houfe gave further Order. And it j then relolved alio . 'jh.it if any perfon what foevcr , fouldoffer to arrcf or detain the perfon of any Msmbcr of thetr Houfe , without firjt acquainting the Houfe therewith, and receiving further Order from the Houfe \ th.it then it Jhottld be lawful for fitch Member \ or any perfon , to refifl him . and to fland upon hh or their guard vf defence 3 and to make rcfjiante, according to the Protcjiation taken to defend the Li- berties of Parliam nt. 7 his brings the King on 'luefliy morning to the Commons Houle, attended only by His Guard, and lb me Lw Gentlemen, no othci wile ue;;poned than with Swords ^ where ha- \ ing placed Himfelf inthc Speaker's Chair, He required them to ft the Impeached Members to the hands of Juitice. But they had notice of His Purpofe, and had retired into London as their la reft Sanctuary \ to which the whole Houfe is adjourned alio, and tits inthe Guild- tl.il/ as a Grand Committee. The next day brings the Kingto the City alfo 5 wherein a Speech to the Lord Mayor and Common-Council, He lignitiedthe Reafons of His going to the Houfe of Commons; That He had no intent of proceeding other- Wcife againfl the Members, than in a way of Legal Tryal\ and thereupon defired . 'lh.it they might not be harboured and protected m deflate of I r.v. For aufvver whercunto, He is encountred with an infblcnt and lawcy Speech, made by one lowl^, a Member of the Common- Council, conccrningthe Impeached Members, and the King's pro- ceedings; and followed in the Streets bv the Ralcal Rabble } by icot which, a Virulent and Seditious Pamphlet, cntituled, Ez/er/ man to his Tents. 0 tjrdel^h Caft into His Coach 5 and nothing (bund- ed in His EaTS, but Pri ;•;/ of Parlrmt^nt , Priviledges of Parlia- ment, with molt horrible out-cries. Trie fame night puts them into Arms, with great fear and tumult, upon a rumour that the King and the Cavaliers ( for fo they called fuch Officers of the late Army as attended 444 jEJK ffiftoff of theff-icgiffteriang* Lib.xiu. attended on him for their Pay) hadadefign to lack the City, who 1641* were then fleeping in their beds, and little dreamed of any fuch Se- >~ v"*^ ditious pra&iies as were then on foot for the enflaming of the people. 15. And now comes Calvin** Doctrine for reftraining the Power of Kings, to be put in pra&ife. His Majefty's going to the Houfe of Commons on the fourth 06 January, is voted for fo high a breach of their Rights and Pi iviledges, as was not to be falved by any Reta- liation 9 or Disclaimer, or any thing by Him allcdged in excufe 1 here- of. The Members are brought down in triumph both by Land and Water, guarded with Pikes and Proteftations, to their feveral Hou- fes} and the forfakenKingneceffitated to retire to Windfor , thathe might not be an eye-witnefsof his own difgraces. The Lord DigT by goes to KingUon in a Coach with fix Horfes, to beftow a vifit up- on Collonel Lundsford, and (ome other Gentlemen, each Hoife is reckoned for a Troop, and thefe Troops faid to have appeared in a warlike manner. Which was enough to caufe the prevailing-party of the Lords and Commons to declare againft it } and by their Or- der of the l%th of January, to give command, That all the sheriffs of the Kingdom , ajjijied by the Jujiices and Trained-Bands of the Countrey , jhould take care to fipprefs all unlawful AJfemblies, and tofe- cure the Magazines of their feveral Counties. The King's Attorney muftbe called in queftion, examined, and endangered, for doing his duty in the impeachment of their Members, that no man might here- after dare to obey the King. And though His Majefty had lent them amoft Gracious Meilageof the twentieth of January , in which He promifedthem to equal or exceed aU Aft s of F av our which any of His Predeceffors had extended to the People of England '■> yet nothing could fecure them from their fears and jealoufies, unlefs the Trained- bands, and the tvoyal Navy, the Tower of London, and the reft of the Forts and Caftles, were put into fuch hands as they might confide in. On this the King demurrs a while 5 but having (hipped the Queen for Holland, with the Princefs Mary , and got the Prince into his power, he denies it utterly. And this denial is reputed a fufficient reafon to take the Militia to themfelves, and execute the Powers thereof, without His content . . 1642. -i6. But leaving them to their own Councils, he removes to ror^, aflembleth the Gentry of that County , acquaints them with the rea - fonsof His coming thither , and deiires them not to be (educed by fuch falfe reports as had been raifed to the diflionour of His Perfbn, and difgrace of His Government. By their Advice he makes a jour- ney unto Hull, in which he had laid up a confiderable Magazine of Cannon, Arms, and Ammunition $ intended firft againft the Scots, and afterwards defigned for the Warr of Ireland 5 but now to be made ufe of in his own defence. And poflibly He might have got it into His pofleflion, if He had kept HisownCounfel, and had not let fome words fall from Him in a Declaration, which betrayed His purpofe. For hereupon Hotham, a Member of their Houfe , and one of the two Knights for the County of TorJ^, isfentto Garrifon the Towm Lib. xiu ittctfp of the jD^sbpterian* Towpptyhornoftaudaciouflj refufcdi '.velum cntrai be was then accompanied with no more than his private G ia foi fbdotng b ipplaudedand indcmpoifl bers. This fends him back again to Torf^. md there fa BafHe a ; he didat HpH r w Committee from the Mouic of Common ird Fair ir fftarp Qholmnlj , Sir H*g£< •/..'• ft 'it thither on purpoft to I to undermine all his proceedings,, and tojnfinuutc mi. that all their hopes of ] tudhappinel :pcpde< hci ing to trie prcfi ni l'.n li inn nt- And they applied i their Inlhuctions wjth fuel) op* w Coniid< nee , thai more meetings with the Genu j oi that County, in hb P ledthe Mannor-hpufe tbauthe) had with the i'eoroaorya i c- hoJdojBj in the great Hal I of the Dcanry. Ail which the K (uttered very frrangely,, and thereby tobbed himli.Ii oi the oppor- tunity of raiGng an Aamy in that County, with which he might have marched to/ qncJo/t, took tin, Hen lit ting on her Nell before Ibe had hatched , and pofTibly, prevented all thole Calamities which at followed' i B it to proceedjduritigtnefe counter- workings bet\yixt them and the King, the Lords aud Commons pUed him with continual Meflages for tiis return unto the Houics •, and did as frequently i deavour to poileis the people with their EUsmonftranccsaud De< I rations, to his disadvantage, foeachol which, his IVlajerty return- ed a lignilu-ant Aulwcr, lo haiullomely appai tiled, and com reh ding in them fuch a ftrcngthot fceafbn,as gave great fati all equal and unbyafled men. None of thefeMeflagi ie . than that which brought the NinetecaPjopofltioiii I jetty's hands . In which it was deiired, That all the Lot jiy's Council,./!! the gre.it Officers both of Court and St it, 'fnftucs, and the Chief Barons of the Exchequer, jhonld be fr$ - ■ forth nominated and approved by both Houjes rf Varliututnf. the preat Afjairtof the Kingdom, fhouidbe mutated by thcm.ez' I tn foe naming of aCovemour j or his Majejiy s Children, and f or difpo- jing them in Afarriay<\at the will of the Houfs. lh.it no Vopijh Lord ( m . . '.'. is he cont/nuedjuchj Jhoiildvote in Parliament. Andrtmongft many other things of like importance , That he would give conjent to Inch d Reform ition of Church-Government and 1 F/wif, as both the Houjes fhouldadvif. But DC knew well enough, th.tt to grant all this, Was plainly to diveft himlclt ol all Regal Power which Cod had put into hi hands. And therefore hi- returned luch an Aniwcr to them, as the nec< lhty ot his Atf.iirs. compared With thole impudent Demands, did fugged unto him. But as for theii Demand about Re- formation, he had red it in part , before they made it, by or- deriog a Collection nt fundry Petitions presented to himlelf and both Houfeof Parliament, in behalt ot Ppijlopacy , and for the prefer vation of the Liturgy, to be printed and publilhed. By which Petitions it appeared, that tbeie was no luch general distinction in A a a a the 446 £!k IWftojp of tftelfoegbptegiang* Lib.xiu. the Subjedfs, unto either of them , ( whether they were within the 1 642. power of the Houfes, or beyond their reach ) as by the Faction was pretended $ the total number of Subfcribers unto feven of them on- Jy5 ( the reft not being calculated in the faid Collection) amounting to Four hundred eighty two Lords and Knights , One thoufand fe- ven hundred and forty Efquires and Gentlemen of note , Six hun- dred thirty one Doctors and Divines, and no fewer than Forty four thoufand five hundred fifty nine Free-holders of good name and note. 18. And now the Warr begins to open. The Gentlemen of Torkc Jlrire being fenfible of that great affront which had been offered to his Majefty at the Gates of Hulls and no lefs fejnfible of thofe dan- gers which were threatned to him by fo ill a Neighbourhood, offer- ed themfelvestobe a Guard unto his perfori* The Houfes of Par- liament upon the apprehenhon of fome fears and jealoufies, had took a Guard unto themfelves in December laft 5 but they concei- ved the Ring had lb much innocence, that he needed none: and therefore his accepting of this Guard of Gentlemen, is voted for a levying of Warr againfc the Parliament, and Forces muft be raifed in defence thereof. It hapned alio, that fome Members of the Houfe of Commons, many of his Domeftick Servants, and not a few of the Nobility and great men of the Realm, repaired from feveral places to the King at Tor fa fb far from being willing to involve themfelves in other mens tins, that they declared the conftancy of their adhxfi- on to his Majefty 's fervice. Thefe men they branded firft by the Name of Malign ant s^ and after looked upon them in the notion of evil Counceliors^ for whofe removing from the King, they pretend to arm,(but now the ftale device muft be taken up)as well as in their own defence: Towards the railing of which Army, the Presbyteri- an Preachers fo beftir themfelves, that the wealthy Citizens fend in their Plate , the zealous Sifters rob'd themfelves of their Bodkins and Thimbles, and fome poor Wives caft in their Wedding-Rings, like the Widow's Mite, to advance the Service. Befides which, they let forth Inftrucfions , difperfed into all parts of the Realm, for bringing in of Horfes, Arms, Plate, Money, Jewels, to be repay - ed again on the Vublicfac aith } appoint their Treafurers for the Warr, and nominate the Earl of Ejjex for their chief Commander, whom fome Difgraces from the Court had made wholly theirs. Him they cornmiffionate to bring theKing from his EvilConncellorsjivhh power to killand (lay all fuch as oppofed them in it. And that he might per- form the Service with a better Confcience, they laid faft hold on an Advantage which the King had given them, who in his Declaration of the 1 6th of June, either by fome incogitancy , or the flip of his Pen, had put himfelf into the number of theThreeEftates^ for thereupon it was inferred, That the Two Houfeswere co-ordinate with him in the Publick Government 5 and being co-ordinate,might acl anything without his content, efpecially in cafe of hisrefufal to co-operate with them, or to conform to their defires. Upon which ground^ both to encreafe their Party , and abufe the people , ( who ftill Lib. XIII. 3^ < (till had heldthe ^"^"^ nage I in theNam ol King an I in the Fortum so it. tfa • Pj andlbrrte others nt th^ jr. :.( or/ri/: \Uy //; - State l I Mtf?i< n /' than ' . ■'<■- they loved to phraie it ) of tk t.r \ oni ftrateno o\ I n cUauiJative-j but pri rr; untothc/i/ l .:./: i m\ T only tl/: to I i.n- j/:; I the ir ' I' ■ it- l.ir in in Lis i mdss R ni i ni 'l/l - lto ri.it it was lawful fun t of Arm*, .///.lto r ufe Arm \tianof illowfuchdan r the /,r Comm mve iltb tl tttt amdvunifhed //> cafe of Male- a rifonment, O i and to Death . if lawful it. But that which (crved theirturn y bad coined enthe I i/and Polii \[ e^ aJledging^ibat the .King iththeHo Parliament, in his Po//// jcitv, < •./ t Torf^. That they flight fightagainft the King not iii his ro!/t/ck\ and conlequently 3 mij ,;■. t iui-s tthout hurting the King, rhis was good P itetian Do&rioesi hut not to edifying at lork, asitwasai //;,. For [ajefty finding a lueeiiuy to defend CHAR Li i . it he defiredto (avethe King, began to enter tain luch I orce I unto him, ind put himklt intoapoftureof defence agaiaft all his Ad-verftries, In Torh^jbirt he was countermine*! , and prevailed but little, no: having above 1'wo thousand men wheq he left thatCc At ._■ fetsup his Standard which by an u m- i .iuuhvii to the ground] and looked on as a (a ige of [Fortunes, faffing thoroug ordjbhefhc gain- ed fmallencreaje to his little Party} but neVer could'attain unto tlit: i on ol .m Aimv, till he came to skrewslmrj\ to titudes Hocked unto him out of Wales and Cbefbire, pi idjoining Countreys. Encouraged with which flip* , andiui .well by theQnccu rrom Holland, as by the '■'■ -, with Cannon, Atms,and Ammunition, IK re- for Londi the hrlt bruili unto his Enemies «t foick^ . . in the County oi the 23d of 0 A .1 .1 a ^ Anno 448 JDje feiflo?p of tfte ffgggbgtetiang; Lib.xin. Anno 1642, being a juft Twelve-month from the breaking out of 1642. t^ frjji) Rebellion? this being more dangerous than that, becaufe the King's Perfon was here aimed at more than any other. Forfoit was, that by corrupting one Blake,; ( once an EngliJJ) Factor, but af- terwards employed as an Agent from the Kin$ of Morocco)they were informed from time to time of the King's proceedings-, and more par- ticularly, in what part of the Army hereiblved to be} which made them aim with the greater diligence and fury, at fo fair a Mark. But the King being Matter of.the Field, polled of the dead Bodies, and withal! .of the Spoil of fomeof the Carriages, difcovered by fbme Lettersthis moft dangerous pra&ife. For which, that wretched Fel- low was condemned by a Court of Warr y and afterwards hanged upon the Bough of an Oak, not far from Abmgton. 2c. In the mean time the King goes forward, takes "Banbury both Town and Caftle, in the fight of the Enemy, and enters triumphant- ly into Oxon^ (which they had deferted to his hands J with no fewer than Six-fcore Colours of the vanquifhed Party. But either he ftayed there too long, or made fo many halts in his way, that Efjex with his flying-Army had recovered London , before the King was come to Colebrook: There he received a MeiTage for an Accommo- dation 5 made ineffectual by the Fight at Brentford on the next day after. Out of which Town he beat two of their choicer!: Regi- ments, funk many pieces of Cannon,' and much Ammunition, put many of thern to Sword in the heat of the Fight, and took about Five hundred Prifoners for a tafte of his Mercy. For knowing well how miierably they had been misguided, he fpared their Lives, and gave them liberty on no other Conditions', but only the taking of their Oaths not to (erve againft him. But the Houfes of Parliament being loath to lofe lb many good men, appointed Mr. Stephen Mar- jhalli ( a principal Zealot at that time in the Caufe of Presbytery ) to call them together, and to abfolve them from that Oath: Which he performed with fo much Confidence and Authority, that the Pope himfelf could fcarce have done it with the like. The next day , be- ing Sunday and the \^th of November^ he prepares for London , but is advertiied of a ftop at Turnham-Green , two miles from Brentford, where both the remainders of the Army under the Earl of Ejffex, and the Auxiliaries of London , under the Conduct of the Earl of Warwick^, were inareadinels to receive him. On this Intelligence it was refolvedon mature deliberation, in the Councilor Warr, That he ihould not hazzard that Victorious Army by a frefh encoun- ter, in which if he fhould lofe the day, it would be utterly impof- fible for him to repair that Ruin. Accordingly he leads his Army over Kiwg//<7#-Bridg, leaves a third part of it in the Town of Reading, and with the reft takes up his Winter-Quarters in the City of Oxon, 2 1 . But long he had not been at Oxon, when he received fome Pro- portions from the Houfes of Parliament, which by the temper and complexion of them, might rather feem to have proceeded from a conquering, than a loling-Jide. One tobefuremuft be in favour of Presbytery, or elfe Stephen Marjhah zeal had been ill regarded. And in in relation to Presbytt*f\l tl isdefircdj tti.it is to I A/.tjd ft to . i Bill utter .ibolrjhn nYc.iy of all An ■■ Chance It Cat I tteajui Mtii-i/Hori. and I ■' andCl. r ,>!.!lt- •!! / n .m, rf . i ► Chart t: /t (hurcboj l'n;»l. itici. And that bei done t ' tii. would conl nt tobnother Bill ion robe I II3 !v i irned I ) and then to I tie the Ch rovernmeiH iniucba \. . 1 Itation •I; the (aid Divin < oftclud* d and agn 1 d on by both Houiesof P nti A I luivhowio vevdidenfue uponth but it came to not :heCommi(ir for the iog (b Orakned inpo nd tyed up lo precifeJy to tionso* ' -. th.it they eOUld ycL-lil to nothing induced to the Public k pea< . the North or : mote quiet than the reltdl the Kingdoms For in the North, on of the Houfes wa* grown -> 1 prevalent, com- , ' I t.hif.ix. who bbd politic hitrifelf of indCaftless foi maintenance whereof , he had ( rri Hull "porj.iii I care of 201-4 had be. I br th Earl of C j»d\ at '. wcuflle Ecrl thereof $ whole Forces be- hie joined to thoft of the Earl Of Cumberland gave F.//>/./.vlomuch irk', and came off (b gallantly, that inthe end both Parties came to an accord, and were refolved td ftand as Neuttals in the Quarrel. Which cominr* totlv knowle- xiii, plundered for no other reafon, but that they were not able to keep 1642. crandifon out, had they been fo minded. Which though it was fuffi- cientto impoverifh a more Wealthy City 5 yet Waller had two pulls more at it in the courfe of the Warr, to the undoing of fome Fami- lies, and the fpoilof others. But it was more defaced by Ogle about three years after, in burning down fome Houfes about the Cattle:, but moft of all, by pulling down the Bifhop's Palace, the Deanry, and no fewer than eight Prebends Houies, fold by the Presbyterians , to make money of the Lead and Timber, the Iron, Glafs, and Stones, which madeupthofe Edifices. 23. But for the Church, though it was not the firft Example of their Reformation, according to the pra&ife of the Hugonot- French, the Scottip and the Belgic\ Zealots 5 yet fared it worfe in fome re- fpe&sthan the other Cathedrals, becaule it fell unto the Scots (com- manding fome ScotizingEngliJh') to do execution. For they not only broke the Organs in pieces, and defaced the Carved Work of the Quire, containing the (lory of the Old and New Teftament, in molt excellent Imagery $ but threw down the Communion-Table, and broke down the Rails ( which they burnt afterwards in an Ale- houfeJ,and ftrewed the Pavements of the Quire, with the torn leaves and Fragments of the Common-prayer-Books. Next, they procee- ded to the fpoilingof the Tombs and Monuments, ere&edto the memory of fome eminent Prelates, which had been formerly both an Ornament and an Honour to it, as namely, that of Cardinal Bean- fort j a principal Benefactor to the Church and Hofpital of St. Crofts neighbouring near unto the City '-, and that of William Wainflet,the Magnificent and fole Founder of Magdalen-CoUedg in Oxon. And whereas the Remainders of the Bodies of fome Saxon Kings, and many Bifhopsof thole times, had been gathered into feveral Leaden Cherts, by BilhopFox, whol'ved and tiourifned in the ]aft times of K. HENRT the 7th, the barbarous Soldiers Sacrilegiously threw down thofe Cherts, fcattered the duft remaining of their Bodies, be- fore the wind, and threw their bones about the Pavements of the Church. They break down as many of the Glafs Windows as they could reach with Swords and Pikes } and at the reft they threw the Bones of thedead Kings, or (hot them down" with their Muf- kets} the fpoilof which Windows could not be repaired for one thoufand pounds. After all this, theyfeize upon the Communion- Plate, the Surplices of the Priefts and Quire-men, all the rich Hang- ings, and large Cufhions of Velvet, and the coftly Pulpit-clothes, fomesof which were of Cloathof Silver, and others of Gold. And finding two Brazen Statua's of K. "JAMES , and K.CHARLES, at the firft entrance of the Quire, they brake off the two Swords which were placed by their fides; and with their own, mangled the Crown uponthe head of K. CHARLES, fwearinginfeorn , Thatthey mould bring him bacl^ again to his Houses of Parliament. 24. This hapned upon Thar/day the fifteenth of December $ and the fame Month proved as ealamitous to the Church of chtchcjicr-, which City had received fome Soldiers of His Majefty's Party, who either Lib. XIII. JOie !l)lftO?l' of tin P 451 tidier were ton few Co keep i not teuabL . . to make any reiiltance. Mailer prc&nuhin fore it, .m ! without arty greatdifpute, becomes Matter of it ?hicb the f« n little, and the Church loft more. For upon Innocent /-dy . tl diem, forcibly break, into it, where they if izc upon the V. it-. and Ornaments oi the* gether with the ( onlectated Plate ferving tor the Altar, not lei\ ingfomuch.is a Culhion for the Tn'- pir, or a Chalice tor the blefled Sacrament. I'uttl.i^ richlpoilbci committed b) the Marllul ami othei I >;Uus , the le t was left unto the hands and weapons of the common Soli i who with, their Pole-axes did not only breakdown tin. Organs but cut in pic* Communion- Table, with the Kail before it. l'h ced the tWO Tables of the Law at the Halt end ot the Quire, [or fear t lie y fhould rue op againft them in the Day of Judgment^ moftmjierablymad^ havock of thcHiltoiy oT that Chinches Foundation , which the)' found on the- one lide of the South -cro£ Illc, pourtrayed in Artifi- cial manner, with the Statues of theKingsot tngland) and coming to the Portraiture of K.l.Dll sIKU the lixth,they \ ieked out his eyes, faying in lcorn, 'J but all this Alijiht>f carve fro/;/ hitu, m efiahlijhing the hool^of Cowmon pr:hev Im akopen all the Clicks and Cupboards in which the Quire-men had laid up their Singing- Hooks , Common-Prai <_r- Books, Gowns, 4nrd Surplices:, kicwing the Pavements of the Churehwich the Leaves or" the Books, but turning the Gowns ami Surplices into ready money. 1 0 all which Acts of Sacrilegious Spoil and Rapine, as//W/er gave fomc countenance by his pcrfcnal pre- ffcqfC$ and in that, forcew hat woife than rv\/V . a- the trot y tells- us : ' tt ,«#> So U.ijkng gave much more- by his Voice and Actions : For, forcing his uay into the ch.tpter- HonJeJiL did not only command the- Soldi- Taciuft^ ers to breakdown the Wainfcot, but Icized on all the riJi Plate ;Agr:c. wbtch belonged to the Church. And when it uasdclircd, that they would leave one Chalice only fortheufcot the Sacraments antwer was molt prophanely made by oneof the Sea//, ( of which Nation the two Houles had employed too many) 'that they vrigbf fervt the inrn with a li ooden Dijh. Nor were lome rretl>)tertan Zealots in the City of Exeter, more favourable to their OM n C athcclrals , i!.an the rude Soldiers were to this s where being inccnlcd by lome of their Seditious Preachers, they acted over all thole outrages of Spoil and Rapine , which have been formerly recited, and added to them (itch prodigious and unheard Irreverences, by turning the Church into a Jakes, and leaving their filth on and about the holy Altar , as fills me with Religious horror at the thinking of it. 25. Bat their tirk Furies in this kind, brake out in the Cathedral Church of Caaterbnry, and that of Kothijier, under the condua anil command of Colonel Sandys, oneof the Natives of that Count \ who taking fomc Forces with hira to make lure of Cantcrinry, cairn, thither in the end of Aii^ujt \ and having got the kc) ot the Cathe- dral into his pollelhon, gave a free entrance to the Ivabblc which at- tended onhim, forcing their way into the Quire, they overthrew the 45> gfre ifoftozp of _t])t pmmtmm* Lib. xiii — ^— ^> the Communion-Table, tore the Velvet Cloath which they found l643« about it •■> defaced the goodly Screen or Tabernacle-work, violated the Monuments of the dead, fpoiled the Organs, brake down the ancient Rails and Scats, with the brazen Eagle which did iupportthe Bible, forced open the Cupboards of the Singing-men, rent fbme of their Surplices, Gowns, and Bibles, and carried away others $ mang- led all the Service-Books, and Books of Common-Prayer, beftrew- ing the whole Pavement with the Leaves thereof. They alfoexer- cifed their madnefs on the Arras Hangings which adorned the Quire, reprefenting the whole ftory of our Saviour. And meeting with fom'e of his Figures amongft the reft, (bmeof them fworethat they would ftab him} and others, that they would rip up his bowelsf>which they did accordingly , fo far forth at the leaft as thofe figures in the Arras Hanging could be capable of it. And finding anothei Statua of Chrift placed in the Frontifpiece of the South-Gate there, they discharged Forty Muskets at it, exceedingly triumphing when they hit him in the Head or Face. And it is thought they would have fallen upon the Fabrick, if at the humble fuit of the Mayer and Citizens, they had not been reftrained by their principal Officers. L ii J.ri m: M\<\ 1 t(! for Scotland] to ih.it pteud .mkI feb< llmis p< ntcdai >all tilings which • had been defffed. Bun tve them an alfilrance of Onehund u i in i ri \: tl \rmv tobekept both with.. IPlunder^ rhi Prdmotei ith the Lands and fes'of the Englifh Bifhops, and th< ii Commiii; an influence'inallConnfclsb&thol . .'.nr. . and Commoi . But tnat which proved the firm, ion to engage them in it , \ i ilu ranee1 of reducing th< k of Englandto an pxaft conformity 3 in Government and Forms of Worftipj tn the Kirk of Scotland^ and pngtheii Revenge an lMaiice,by prdfecu ting the Arch-bifhoipof Canterbn ic end of I ;c- dy. For corapdffing which End . aS< i League and Covenant is Agreed between them^ firlttakenand fubferibed to 3 by the Scots themlelves ; and Uterv. ar : . loufes of Parliament; as al(b,by the principal Ofl ; of the A i |] the Divines of tl nbly, a^moft all thoiqwhich lived withia t Lines of Communication 3 and in the end by all the Subjects which either were within their pov.tr, or made lubiecr to ir. Now by this Coven.mt the Party was to bind himfelf, amorjgft other things hrir, ■% 'lb.it he would • vonr in hit place .incl 'calling, to prejerve the Kcfor- tntdhc'i ion nr Scotland, in Doclrin: . Difcipliitt. Awdi ::rnmcnt : 'lh.it / it: hi 0Jt in the Kn:c for l. tndCai ilng. Secondly, That \ trefpeQ would en den our to Cburcb'Ci \>y Arch-in jl\ rrCbam Chapters^ An I on it. | ;, have been, or tnfirnments, either in bind tuition worm dividing hetxc ki"f to condiyn pHntJh' nt be] . : i her Kit u their often- lib bb <„ 454 %$*> ffiftozpsf tfte jfye&oprgriansi Ub.xm *-Aw° ccs fiould deferve. Of which three Articles , the two fii ft tended to ^jgv the letting up of their dear Presbyteries } the hit, unto the*profe- cution of the late Arch"- bifhop, whom they confidered as their great- eft and moft mortal Enemy. 28. The terror of this Covenant, and the fcvere penalty impofed on thofe which did refufe it, compelled great numbers of the Clergy to forfake their Benefices, and to betake tbemielve* to fuch Towns and Garrifons as were kept under the command of his Majefty's Forces 5 whofe vacant places were in partfupplied by fuch Vresby- terians who formerly had lived as Lecturers or Trencher-Chaplains: orelfe beftowed upon fuch Zealots as flocked from Scotland and New-England , like Vultures and other Birds of Rapine , to leek af- ter the prey. But finding the deferted Benefices not proportionable to fo great a multitude, they compelled many of the Clergy to for- fake their Houfes , that fo they might avoid imprifonment or fome worfe Calamity. Others they lent to feveral Gaols, or fhut them up in Ships whom they expofed to ftorms and tempeftS) and all the mi- ferieswhicha wild Sea could give to a languishing ftomack. And lome again they fequeftred under colour of fcandal , imputing to them fuch notorious and enormous Crimes, as would have rendred them uncapableof Life, as well as Livings, if they had been pro- ved. But that which added the moft weight to thefe Oppreflions, was the publishing of a malicious and unchriftian Pamphlet , enti- tuled, The. firjl Century of Scandalous and Malignant Friefts : which3 whether it were more odious in the fight of God,ormoredifgrace- ful to the Church, or offenfive to all ioberand religious men, it is hard to (ay. And as it leems \ the fcandal of it was lb great3 that the Publifher thereof, though otherwife of a fiery and implacable na- ture , defifted from the putting forth of a Second Century, though he had promifed it in the Firji 5 and was inclinable enough to have kept his word. Inftru&icns had been fent before to all Counties in England, for bringing in fuch Informations againft their Minifters as might fubjecT them to the danger of a Deprivation. But the times were not then fb apt for mifchief , as to ferve their turns} which made them fall upon thefe wretched and unchriftian courfes to efFecl: their purpefe. By means whereof , they purged the Church of al- moft all Canonical and Orthodox men. The greatnelsof which defblation in all the parts of the Kingdom, maybe computed by the havock which they made in London, and the Parifhes thereunto adjoining, according as it is prefentedintheBillof Mortality here- unto fabjoined. a?. A Lib. xiu. £fte l^iftozp of the $mm\ Un*. 4s^ 20. A General Bill of Mortality of tbc C'.-r^y of I ond >n B»i Acf« defum! l>y rnlonof the Contagious breith of t that Cit) , /n)w r/.'f J*ravc, Religious, and Painful Mini fieri of tie ( ty of London, rrho have been imprisoned plundered, and barbarou and deprived if all Livelihood for themf-lves and their families'? for their conjiamy to the Protclhmt Religion eflabltjhcd in this Kingdom, and their Loyalty to their Sovcraign. THE Cathedral Church of St. ml, The Dean, lleli dentiaries, andothtr Members of that Church, lequeltred, plundered, and turned out. St. Albans lloodjireet. Ox.Wdtt le- queltred. plundered, his Wife and Children turned out of doors, himfeU forced to rlyc Alhallows Barking, Dr. Lay fie Id perlecuted, imprilbned in Ely- houfe, and the Ships s fequc- (trcd and plundered} after- wards forced to t!ye. Alh allows Breadjirect Alhallows Great Alh allows Honey- 1 anc Alhalloxvs Left Alhallows Lumbardjireet, Mr. lie- Jion lequeltred. Alhallows Staintngs Alhallows the Hall- Alphagc, Dr. Halfte fhamctully a- lulled, his Cap pulled oil' to lee if he were not a ftuvcoPriefti voted Oitt1, and forced to rlyc; dead with relief. Andrew Hubbard. Dr Chambers fc- queftrtd. Andrew Vndcrfraft . I . -Mr. A Ufm through -vexation forced to re- fign. :. Mr. rnchar d. after that ft quel rial An An rr Wardrobe, Dr. Laacjon L- rtiieftn Ann Alderfgate. Dt.Clewet leque- ltred. ' Ann Black^trycrs Antholm's Parilh Auftm\ ParlOl, Mr. Vdal fequc- lfred, his Hed-rid Wife turned r > i . r ot doors, and left in ihe ftrei H, Barthol. Fxchavge , Dr. Grant le- que fried. / -nnet linl^, Mr. Warfeildt^nw- ftrcd. / Grace-Church , Mr. Guclch kquefrred. Bennct Paul'* U harj , Mr. Adams k quell red. Bennct s here- hog.Mr. Morgan dead M ith grief. Botolph Billingfgatc, Mr. King le- queltred, and forced to Hye. Chnjt Church turned our, and dead. Chrtjiophcrs, \\\.H inflow. Clement Eaji cheap . Mr. Stone Ihamt fully abufed, llqueltrtd. fent Priloncrto Plymouth, and plundered. Dionyfe Bat k- Church . Mr. Humes lequeltred and abukd. Dunji an s F.afl \jk .Ch iderly reviled, abulcd, and dead. Esmonds I ombardJirect.Wv. Paget, moklred,lilenced.and dead. Fthelbtraugh, Mr. ("/rr^fequeftred and impiiloned. Faiths, Dr. Eronv/fcqucltred and dead. Fojier .Mr. Bitty fequcftred ,"lun - dered, forced to tiye.and dead. Gabriel lem Lurch, Mr. Cook_ le- queltred. tbbb 2 George 456 - .-..Hi .■■■■,.- ., { — %\yi l£t(to?p of tlyz i&jeSDpcenanSu Lib. xm, turned out George Botolphlane I^43* Gregory 'sby Pauls Hellens \ Mr. Miller and dead. James Duke-place^ Mr ; fequeftred. James Garlickhithe, Mr. Freeman plundered and fequeftred, and Mr. Anthony turned out. JohnBaptift, Mr. Weemfiy feque- queftred. John Evangelifi John Zachaty , Mr. Eldlin feque- ftred, forced to flye, and plun- dered. Katherine Coleman, Dr. Hilly and Mr. Ribbuts, fequeftred. Katharine Creechurch , Mr. Rufb turned out. Laurence Jury , Mr. Crane feque- ftred. Laurence Poutney- Leonard Eajicheap, Mr. Calf for- ced to give up to Mr. Roborow, Scribe to the Aflembly. Leonard F ofter-lane , Mr. Ward forced to flye, plundered, fe- queftred, and dead for want or neceflaries. Margaret Lpthbury , Mr. Tabor plundered , imprifbned in the King's Bench, his Wife and Children turned out of doors at midnight, and himfelf feque- ftred. Margaret Mqfes Margaret Nerv-Fi/hfireet, Mr. Pory forced to flye, plundered, and fequeftred. Margaret Pattons, Mr. Megs plun- dered, imprifbned in Ely-houfe, and fequeftred. Mary Abchurch , Mr. Stone plun- dered, lent Prifoner by Sea to Plymouth ,and fequeftred. Mary Aldermanbury and dead with grief. Alary Bothaw, Mr. ProSor forced to flye, and fequeftred. Alary Colechurch Alary Hill , r. Dr. Baker feque- ftred, purfivanted, and impri- foned. 2 . Mr. Woodcock turned out, and forced to flye. Mary Atounthaw, Mr. Thrall&que- ftred, and fhamefully abufed. Mary Sommerfet, Mr. Cook feque- ftred. Alary Stainings- Mary Woolchurch , Mr. Tireman forced to forfake it. Mary Woolnoth, Mr. shute mole- fted, and vext to death, and denied a Funeral-Sermon to be preached by Dr. Holdfaorth0 as he deiired. Martins Ironmonger- lane , Mr. Spark, fequeftred and plun- dered. Martins Ludgate, Dr. Jermine fe- queftred. Martins Orgars^Dt. Walton aflault- ed, fequeftred, plundered, and forced to flye. Martins Outzvich, Dr. Pierce feque- ftred, and dead. Martins Vintry, Dr. Ryzes feque- ftred, plundered, and forced to flye. Matthevp Friday fireet , Mr. cheft- lin violently aflaulted in his Houfe,imprifoned in the Coun- ter, thence fent to Colchefier Gaol in Ejfex , fequeftred, and plundered. Maudlins Milk: fireet s Mr. Jones fequeftred. Maudlins Old-Fifl fireet, Dr. Grif- fith fequeftred, plundered, im- prilbned in Newgate, and when let out, forced to flye. Michael Bajfijhatc, Dr. Gy fiord fe- queftred. Michael Cornhil , Dr. Brough fe- Mary Aldermary , Mr. Brown for ced to forfake it. Mary le Bow, Mr. Leech fequeftred J queftred, plundred , Wife and Children Lib Mil. pottbe pjes&rfman*. 457 ( Jiildrcn turned out of and his Wile dead with gi I ,i Mr. We .7 his Curare, faulted , b< aten in the Chi;. and turned out. Mnhid Cr AkcbMl $mte*biti*\ Mi.///// fe- quoitreck Aln biel gnern, Mi.Lanncc feque- Itred. Muhael Roy.d Mr. Protlor kque- I'tred, and forced to tiyc. Michael U'oodjirect and li'di divers Unci; turned our. 8WHthe»jt Mi . orrc: I Thomas Apoftlc, Mr. Cettoet I f trcil iiiw plundred, leni pi il ci to Ixrds-C.ifili Id Ar>//. lnmty Panlh, Mr. Himjon dead with grief. In the 97 Parishes within the Walls. I) ;. P4»//,outcd dead 1 6. Wildrel Lre.idjlrect, Mr. BrodjbsW k queltnd. Mildred roultry, Mr.M Mfoa k que- Invd .ind goiu beyood Sea. N/chol •/, Mr. l.etttiet lequc- (rred. N/( bol.it C.oleabby, Mr. Chibbaldii- quclhed. Niibolts OidVi -r. Dr. chtjbirc mo- Icltcd, and forced to rclign. p Uartjirect , Mr. Haines k- quefrred. o/./7a'T 7*0' i ^r- 7*^ feqoeibed, plundered, and impritoned. O/jvct Silvcr-jfrcet) Dr. £00/&tr a- bulo.1, and dead with grief. ramrasSoper-lane , Mr. Efty k- Hred, plundred, and rorced toriyc; his Wife and Children turned out of doors. rctcrs cheap, Mr. / ot/cr fequeltrcd and dead withgrier. rctcr^C.ombiL 1 >F« / .i/r/!/* lcque- irrc.i, plundred. impritoned in Ely-Hokfc . ind the Ships , his Wite and Children turned out r.f door . F t rr p in. '. Mr. M.»rZ-»- rr kqucltredi Peters VoorX):. I bid/north (I rjue- ftred, plundred , .'mprilornd in Fly thH'tC, then in the lorrcr. Stef hews C .' m :>;/?r<.vf-— Step/: ens li'albroo^ Dr. How*/ through vexation forced to r'or- iakc it. kquelrred out of all. Bbb Wir/Jbes Without tbe h \dU . Andrew Holborn , Dr. HdcJ( qticlrred. Bartholomew Great a Dr. H'eJijielJ abukd in the ifreett*feque(tfed, forced to Bye, and dead . Bartholomew Lejs — — H rides Par /ft , Mt. Palmer kquc- irred. BruU ntlVrccmtt, Mr. Broven turn- ed our. Botolph Alderfatc, Mr. Booth k- quelrrcd. Botolph Aldgate, Mr. Srvadltn k- quclrred, plundered, imprilor,- etl at Grejkam-Colledga\Ma Ntrr- gate \ his Wife and Children turned out of doors. Botolph Bifiopjgate, Mr. Rogers fe- qucttred. Dunjians Weft , Dr. M tequc- ltrcd, and dead in remote part*. George Southward, Mr. Cool^ fe- queftred. C//tv Crrppleeate . Dr. f ;///fr (c- quelrred. plundred. and impri- loru I at I ly-HoMj'e: and Mr. Hatton, his Curate, aiiaulted in the Church, and impi iloned. OUves South-rvar^ Dr. turner k- quelhed, plundred. fetched up I'nloner u ith a Troop ot Sol- diers, and atccr wards forced to Hye. b 1 Saviours 448 %fyt Iftiftozp cf tbe ff # gbptetiahg* Lib.xni Saviours Southward - 1^3' Sepulchers Parifh , Mr. P/g^ the Lecturer turned out. Thomas Southward, Mr. Spencer fequeftred and imprifoned. Trinity Minories In the \6 Parilhes without the Walls, outed 14, arid 2 dead. In the Ten out-Parifjes. Clement Danes ,Dr .Du^efon feque- ftred, and forced to flye. Covent-Garden , Mr. ^//feque- ftred, and forced to flye. Giles in the Fields , Dr. Hey wood fequeftred, imprifoned in the Counter ,Ely-Houfe, and the fhips, forced to flye *> his Wife and Children turned our of doors. James ClerkenweU Katharine Tower Leonard shoreditch, Mr. Squireit- queftred,imprifbn'd in Grejham- CoUedg, Newgate, and the King't Bench , his Wife and Children plundred and turned oat of doors. fAartins in the Fields, Dr. Bray fe- queftred,irnprifoned^plundred. forced to flye, and dead in re- mote parts. Mary whitechappel, Dr. Johnjon fe- queftred. Magdalen Bermondfey , Dr* Vaike fequeftred. Savoy, Dr. Balcanqual fequeftred, plundered, forced to flye, and dead in remote parts 5 and Mr. Fuller forced to flye. In the ten out-Parifhes , outed 9, dead 2. In the adjacent Towns. The Dean and Prebends of the A&by -Church of Weftminjler, (but only Mr. Lambert Osba- fion) fequeftred. Margarets Wejlminjier , Dr. Wim* berly fequeftred. Lambeth , Dr. Featly fequeftred, plundred, imprifoned,and dead a prifbner. Newington, Mr. Heath fequeftred.* Hackney, Mr. Moor fequeftred. Rederif-^ . Ifiington, Divers turned out. Stepney, Dr. Stamp fequeftred, plundred, and forced to flye. In the adjacent Towns, befides thofe of the Abby-Church, and I/lington, outed 7, dead I. The Total of the Alinijlers of London, within this Bill of Mortality, befides Pauls *#dWeltminfter, turned out^U^. of their Livings Whereof Doctors in Divinity above ■ 40. mofi of them plundred of their Goods, their Wives and Children turned out of doors. Imprifoned in London, and in the Ships , and in fever ah Gaols and Caftles in the Countrey : 3 Fled to prevent Impnjonment ; 25. Dead in remote parts and Prifons, with grief 22. -And at the fame time about forty Churches void, having no con- jiant Minijierinthem. Clique quo Domine, Rev. 6. 10? 30. By k xill. iChrihift^p of tbe pjesbptrrnn*. 459 ^n. T>y tli !••' I i'1 Confined within the Lines of Comr.nnnc.Jnn, - — A — ** and IbrocVill I joining, we may conjecture at tfce grcatnefi oi t that Mortality which fieri amongfr. the Regular Clergy in all parts v- of (Ik Kingdom, by Phdrdring, seaucfirine. .\n<\ I or rinullj by \ t hem intothcir Graves, byfo many Mileties as w< re In- [ on them in the Ships, or tbeii feveral Pruons, In all which 1, more mertwerc Outcd of theii Livings by tbe Vrtrhyttrism* in the fpaceol rhree years, than were deprived by the J'ap/jh in the ll( i-.Miot QUO n A/*rr; or had been ftlenced , /upended, or and therefore mutt be fervileand obfeijuious to their mighty Landlords, upon whole pleafure they depended for their prtknt Livelihood. 31. Such were the Miichieis of this year. lot remedy whereof, Hi* Majefty molt gracioully publilhed two Prorlam itions . one of them bearing datethc i5'/>or May\ andtheothu , oil the yth of oJo:>er. Inthe tirit of which, His Majeltv fake-> rlpecid notice, lh.it many of the Clergy* nolejs eminent for their I earning, than their /eat dnd Piety, vrerc either driven or f treed from their habitations, or flen- iwLor dijl barged ) r.w attending on their Cures: lhat they fufjered thefe Oftrejfidns for nd other rcafons, hut b in theypublijbed his legal dndjuji Commands , or had refufed to pray ag.unit I iim , or to fubmit, a^dinji their Con,eienees, to tUegalTaxes for the continuance of tht M'arr i or W " ormable to the Book^of Common-Trayer^or prea.ht Cod's I'.'ord ad ulhe purity of it , without any mixture diti 460 jEJhf J^tttOJP Of t 7-Sbpt*riatl& Lib.&lll. dition: That being for theft Crimes difch arged of their Jevcral Cures , 1 ^43 1 «?/,6tT/ were /w J into their Pines to ■fori? Sedition , t\\)ittop of ti)t l&jesbpterians, 461 taking of this k id and accurfed Covenant , by which they were to ^->y— * bind \ hemic h. to betray the Church, and to ftaad no further tothc •<4- King, thaoasheUood for the deftmm of that Religion which they t , allowed of, and ot thole Liberties which they had acquired by I 23. And to fty truth) it Was DO wonder that the freslyliriam fhould impolc ncvyOatl en they had broken all the old ^ or feize upon the i ythci and Glcbcj ot the Regular Clergy, when they hod fcqueltrcd tuc Fliatesof the Loyal Ccutry,and inteiccp tul the R.ev< W* lol the King and Queen. And it would be no won- der neither that they Ihouid ici/.c on the Ivcvenucs of tlie King and Queen, when thev wctfa grown to flich a high degree ol Unpudence,asto impeach the Queen of Trealbn,and were refolved of having no more Kings tocomptroll their Actions. J hey had al- 1 1 uly voted tor the making of a new On ./F>*/i:DthcConfel]or,and ufed by all our Kings at their Inaugurations. With a Icorn greater than his Lulls, mk\ therelr of His Vices, heopenly declares, That there rvonld bene, 1 further ufc of thoje lays and Trijies. And in the jollity of that humour, inv< fgi •/r/f/jcr/f an old Puritan Satyrift) in the Roy- al Habiliments. VVhobcingthus Crown'd, and Royally arrayed, (as right well became him ) hrltmarcht about the Room with a Irately Garb, and alui wauls u itha thouland Apilhand Ridiculous actions, expofed thole Sacred Ornaments to contempt and laughter. Had the Abufe bccnjiript and nhipt^ as it (llould have been, the foolilh Fellow pollibly might have palled tor a Prophet, though he could not be reckoned tor a Pc t 54. But yet the mifchief (layednot here. Another vilit is bellow- ed upon thdcK- ; i//.is uottomake merry with them, but fome mo- Cccc ney 4$& JEfte ty&wv of tl)e pjsSbptsnans. Lib.xiu. ney of them: Mildmay , a puritan in Faction, and Mafter of the 1 643. Jewel-Houle by his Place and Office, conceived that Prey to belong ' properly to him} and having fold the King, muff needs buy the Crowns. But being as falle to his new Mafters, as he was to his old, he fiift picktoutthe richeft Jewels, and then compounded for the reft at an ealie rate. The like ill fortune fell unto the Organs, Plate, Coaps, Hangings, Altar-Cloaths, and many other coQly U- tenfils which belonged to the Church 5 all which were either broke in pieces, or leized upon and plundered foe the ufe of the State. A- mongft the reft, there was a goodly Challice of the pureft Geld, which though it could not be lefs worth than 500/. was fold to Al- lyn a decayed Gold -Smith, but then a Member of theHoule, at the rate of 60 /..The Birds being flown, theNeft is prefently defigned to the ufe of the Soldiers, who out of wantonnels, and not for want of Lodging in that populous City, muft be quartered there^ And being quartered, they omitted none of thole fhamelefs Infblencies which had been acled by their Fellows in other Churches. For they not only brake down the Rails before the Table, and burnt them in the very place in the heats of 'July h but wretchedly prophanedthe very Table it felf, by letting about it with their Tobacco and Ale before them, and not without the company of fbmeof their zea- lous Ltclurersto grace the Aclion. Whatelfe they did in imitation of the Brethren of Exon^ in laying their filth and execrements about it alio, I abhor to mention. And now I muft crave leave toftep into the Colledg , the Government whereof was taken from the Dean and Prebendaries, and given to aid eft Committee of fifty perfcns, lome Lords, but Members, for the moft part , of the Lower-Houfe} who found there a fufficient quantity of Plate, and lome other good Houfhold-ftuff, to a very good value 5 which was Co Husbanded amongft them , that it was either ftoln, or (old, or otherwise imbezil- ledand inverted to the ufe of lome private perfons, whobeftkne^ how to benefit themfelves by the Church's Patrimony. 3 5 . But the main bufinefs of this year,and the three next following., was the calling, fitting, and proceedings of the new A flembly, cal- led the Ajfemblycf Divines ■■> but made up alio of fo many of the Lords and Commons, as might both ferve as well to keep them un- der, and comptroll their Actions, as to add lome countenance unto them in the eye of the people. A Convocation had been appoint- ed by the King when he called the Parliament, the Members where- of beinglawfvlJy chofen and returned, were lb difcountenanced and difcouraged by the Votes of the Lower-Houle, the frequent Tu- mults railed in tVejlmitiJier by the Rafcal Rabble, and the prepara- tives for a Warr againft the King, that they retired unto their Houfcs, but (till continued undillolved, and were in a capacity of acting as a ponvocation, whenlbever they ftiould be thereunto required, and might doit with fafety. But being for the moft part well affected to the Church of England^ they were not to be trufted by the Houfes of Parliament, who then defigned the* hammering of luch a Reformation both in po&r^e and Diicipline, as might unite them in a perpetual . Bond Bond ai leralion with ihtir ren. /. ihcj might be furnifhod w'n mult m of ru <: \l m I hat ( ot ft) ni Prcsi')tcri tr.'i. 1 > ttt< ;ion.ai;d twoor flirt c to tlttmrlCkk of Stotl.tml. W ing u ith .in Ox and an Als 5 ( as ir was no ot enfly prohibited bj 'I jet l it, alloc ia- I either Houfc., as before is Paid , no. impow'rod orauthoulcd by the reft of theClergy, mufi mon them all the Poorer s- and Privilcdges ol a Convocation; ro which ihcy were invited by anOrdrnan the to ring -date Juitexhc-titb His Maj fty makes aftart.tr 1 oent on His Royal Prerogative, and countermands the Quae by His Proclamation of the lid. In which Het; amongit other things, That the far-grerfteft part 61 thole who had 1 to the pieknt Service, were men ol neither te*rm* tdg or Hcj'iit it rot/ , eminently cJ/fiJfecfecl to the Government of tie Chnrchof I land, ./*./ fitch 49 h.td openly pre.ti Led l^hellion, by. txatimgqf ftf t iks slr.-m jg.tmft Htm therefore 1 not lik • to l>e proper Inltrununts or Peace and Uappiinds, either unto the Church or State: For maintenance whereof and for* the prefer vqcha of Hisoun Authority, be inhibits them horn meeting at the time ted, declares their Afts to be illegal, and threatens them vi 'ith the punilbments which they had incurred by the Law the Land. i. But they go forwards liowfoever, hold their lirfc Meeting on the fir ft of July and cleft Dr. Tirij/e or Kc\vbcrry , ( a rigid SabEgJs* KMNfcbota profelfed cAvwi.m in all other points) for their Prolocu- tor ) culled to thhjourney-rrorl^ by the Honied they wcredilpenled with Jon-refidenee upon their Livings, againlt the Laws, pre- ferred to the belt Benefice* of the Sequeftred Clergy, (lomcof them three or four together) and had withall four (hillings a man for their daily wages, brides the honour or allil ting in lo great an aaion, as the ruin of the Church, and the fubverlionof the present Govern- ment or th I 10I I >: I md. In reference w hereunto, they were to be employed tiom time ro time, as occalion M / it ir up the people of the Counties lor which they lerved , to rife snd arm rhemlelves againlt the Kin::, under colour or thur own d /ears plainl) by th< oi the tenth of Auguji. And that they v. be Looked upon W^ith the greater reverence, they maintain a con- ftant intcrcourle, by Levers, with their Brethren of Scotland, the Churches of the WtberLwds, the hrent Aand S9ttxxrt\ but with Geneva it felf. In which they laid luch vile llepioache on Hi Majilcv and the Church ot BrnglMmdj the one, for having a deiignto bring in P< t he other, for a readineisto receive the lame; His VIj,ei * 1 ceffitated to let out a Matiiieft in the / %tin \ ong 1 . : »l Living open the Impolturc to the Churt all For- reign Nations. Amongit the reft ot this Aliemblv , Dr. />./•• / not : made Chaplain in Ordinary tothc Kin;.', mult i: C c c c 2 464 JEI)s Wft^P of tfce p ?£&&ptman8f* Lib.xni. fit for one \ whether to (hew his Parts, or to head a Party, or out of I6+3« his old love to Calvinifm^ may bed be gathered from fome Speeches which he made and printed. But he was theirs in heart before , and therefore might afford them his body now , though pofiibly he may beexenfed from taking the Covenant, as the others did. An Exhor- tation whereunto, was the fh-ft great work which was performed by thele Matters in ifrael^ after their ailembling , the Covenant taken by them in mod: (blemn manner at St. Margarets in Wcjlmmjler , on the 25th of September j the Exhortation voted tobe published on the 9th of February. 97. Nowto begin the blefled Reformation which they had in hand , the Houles were refolved upon exterminating all external Pomp, and comely Order , out of the Worth ip of Almighty Cod. And to this end, upon the humble motion of thefe Divines of the AfTembly, andthefollicitationof fome zealous Le£turers,who were grown very powerful with them ^ or to ingratiate themfelves with the Scottiji) Covenanters, whofe help they began to ftand in need of, or finally , out of theperverfnefsof their own crofs humours, they publifhed an Ordinance on the 28//? of Augufi ^ For the titter demo- lifhing , removing^ and taking away all Monuments of Supcrjiition and Idolatry. Under which notion it was ordered , That before the laji of November then next following^ all Altars and 'tables of ftone (as if any fuch were then erected ! ) fjjould be demoltfoedin all Churches and Chappels throughout the Kingdom. That the Communion-Tables Jhould in all fuch places be removed from iheErjl end of the Chancel^ unto fome other part of the Church or ChappeL That all fuch Rails as had been placed before or dbout.tht fame \ fjould be fallen -away , and the ground levelled with the reft, which had been raifed for the fianding of any fuch Table^ within thefpace of twenty years then laflpajl. That all Tapers , Candlejiic^s, and Bafonsy which had of late been u fed on any of the faid Tables , fiould alfo be removed and taken away , neither the fame , nor any fuch lik,e> to be from thenceforth ufed in God's Public^ Service. That all Crucifixes , Croffes^ and all Images and Pitlures of any one or more Perfons of the Trinity , or of the Virgin Mary , and all other Images and Pictures of Saints -, fhould be alfo demolifhed and defaced^ whether they flood in any of the faid Churches or Chappels , or in any Church-yard or other open place whatfoever, never to be ere&ed or re- newed again: With a Provifo notwithftanding , for preferving all Images , Pictures, and Coats of Arms , belonging to any of their Ance- fiors9 or any of the Kings of this Realm , or any other deceafedperfons which were not generally confidered and beheld at Saints. 38. But yet to make fure work of it , this Ordinance was re-in- forced and enlarged by another of the 9th of May^ in the year next following 5 wherein, befides the particulars before recited, they de- scend to the taking away of allCoaps, Surplices, and other Super- ftitious Veftments (as they pleafed to call them):, as alfo to the ta- king away of all Organs, and the Cafes in which they (food, and the defacing of the fame 5 requiring the famecourfe tobe alfo taken in the removing and defacing of Roods, Rood- Lofts, and Holy water- Fonts i._ £hrto?tto W.ltcr-l .Ml > ! ; : t .;:•, Il.li! U mittcd in the Chu ch art I upon tolh< . facing ci oil ( and t h lifting ot .1 i I a it hin thecompab ■ < ! < d i ma ily. the breaking down and removing oi the Sacr< d Foots an* ntlj 1.1 tije Miniltrat ion ot holy I >.i j.>t ilm - thcnanicof Hoi)- n'.itcr-f'vvts being etteoded& made uk-oftocompt ile them allorlu Dpontolh lib the defacing/* nd demoliihing ol ni.nu Cr of It pt numentsot Chrilfianityjn Cilie. , I i . udmolroi our Country-Village! $ nonliving ipaud which came within the eomnaisoi thole Enemies oi i'h Ciolsot Chrilt. Amonglt which Ci rmhvnt iur Celt and Worknunlhip , thanthi ot Chc.irttcicxw I 6».\/j//, and Abingttm in the County oJ Berfys, both of t htm famous tor I 1 the Status's which wereplt* ced inthem; mote tor the richnelbof thctrimming w hich was uftd kit tbft Divine Vengeance tell oniomc or thi tor a terror to others? oue or them being killed inpul- lir. i • 6 of Oh**f£dtl and another hanged at 6 tow on j within (hot! time alter he had pulled down the lirtt Inugc or' t:ie Grots in . >i. And becauieno Order bad been made \ecutingot this Order in His Ma jelly's Cbappels (as there in all Cathedral and Parilh-ChurchcsJ , a private Warrant v> obtained by litrlorv , a Knight of Hercfordfrire , for making the faid Chappels equal to all the reft, by depriving thtra of all luchOma- btf ot State and Beauty with which they had been confcantJy ometl in all times lincethe Reformation. And all this done, (or at the leair pretended to be done, as the Ordinance tells us) -as being pkaling unto God, and vifibly conducing to the blelicd Refor- mation lo much delircd; but dehredonly. as itiecm?, by thole Lords and Commons who had a hand in the Deligu. 29. ^> far they went to thou- their hatted untoSuperftition, their dillike of Popery: but then they mulr do fonv.wi at alto tot cxprci- ling their great /eal to the glory of God, by tome Acl, of Piety, And nothing fcemed more pioui , or more popular rather, than to c • the more ftrict keeping oi their Lords-chj-Sjubjtb, by Jon publick Ordinance. VVith this they had begun already on the tit. . on w I ..as ordered by no woric men than the Commons in Parliament, (the Lords being cither not conlulted , ornotco - eurringr) il Ma -^Y^ook tor tolerating [ports on the Lord's 1 v. Ihould be forthwith burned by the handsof the common Hang- man . in ChettpSde ami oilier utual uja md that the Shtntfs of 1 ihould lee the lame put in cxit/ut;<. jjjch - done ace in ingly. I hanwhicrv, an Accof a greater lcorn , an t of greater 1 1 id dilloyal impudence, WiStftVClofl red 10 aJ itgnandAm d Prince. So as it waa so tsar vol if the ! »rdi joined \* nb in the Ordinant . teJixthof ./, rii 1 -44, C c c c ^ 65 3Q)c tyittoiv rf tii? Px&mtnte'%> Lib. xin for to expofe all Books ro the like difgrace which l.ad been writ, or l*44« ' fliould be writ ht reafter by any perion or perfons, agninlt the Mo- rality of the Sabbath: By which Ordinance it was alfb fignified, 'lhat no wanner of per fin whatfbewr, fouul publicity cry *fl;en 'forth ', and expoje to file any IVares. Mcrchandifes , Fruits^ Herbs , or other Goods^ upon that day ', on pain of forfeiting the fame ^ or travel , carry burthens , or do any nU of Labour on it. on pain cf forfeit 7 ngTenf/j/l- lings for the faid offence. That no perfon from thenceforth on the faid day fouldufey cxercife^ep, maintain-, or be present at any rvrcjtlzng, /booting bowlings ringing of Bells for pleafure or pajiime ^ Jllas^ Wake^ (othcrvoife calledFeajis) Church- Ale^Games^ Dancing. Sport , or other pajiimes vchatfocver^ under the fiver al penalties therein contained. And that we may perceive with what weighty cares the headsof theft; good men were troubled, when the whole Nation was involved in Blood and Ruin:, aClauiewas added fertile taking down of May- poles a'fo '■) with a Command unto all Confhiblesand Tything-men, to fee it done, under the penalty of forfeiting five (hillings weekly, till the faid May-poles (which they looked upon as an lleathemf}} Va- nity) ihculd be quite removed. Which Nail was driven fo far at lafr, that it was made unlawful for any Taylor to carry home a new Suit of Clothes, or any Barber totrim the man that was to wear them^ for zny Water-man to Ferry a paflenger crofs the Thames^ and fi- nsl!y3to any perfon whatfoever (though neither new trimmed, or new apparelled) to fit at his own door, or to walk thefrreets, or take a mouth-full of frefli air in the open Fields. Moft Rabinical Dotages ! 40. The day of publick Worfhip being thus new-molded, they muit have new Prieftsalfo, and new Forms of Prayer, a new Con- feflionof the Faith, new Catechifms,' and new Forms of Govern- ment- Towards the firft, an Ordinance comes out from the Lords and Commons in Cclober following, ( Advice being firft had with the Allembly of Divines) by which a power was given to fbme chief menof the Aflembly, and certain Minifters of London^* toany fe- ven or more of them, to impofe hands upon fuch perfons whatfbever whom they found qualified and gifted for the holy Miniftry ■-, a Claufe being added thereunto, That every perfon and perfons which were fo ordained, fhould be reputed, deemed, and taken for a Mini- ster of the Church of i±;?g/rf»d,fufnciently authorifed for any Office or Employment in it, and capable of receiving all advantages which appertained to the fame. To fhew the nullity and invalidity of which Ordinations^ a learned Tractate wasfet ourby Dr. Bohe> Chap- lain fometimes to the Right Reverend Dr. Houfon, Biffcop of Oxford firft, and of Durham afterwards. Never finceanfwered by the Pref- byterians^ either Scots or Englijfy. Next after, comes the Dirttfory, or new Form of Worfhip, accompanied with an Ordinance of the Lords and Commons on the third of 'January . for authorising the faid Diretfery or Form of Worfhip^ as alfo, for fuppreflmg the publick Liturgy, repealing all the A&s of Parliament which con- firmed the fame, and abrogating all the ancient and eftablifhed Fe- ftivals,. L.b. xui. Ufa i^iftcT of the pwbyu \ 467 Rivals, that io a tiut Skibsth (as fotnetimcs they called it ) might I' r*->*w all in air. The inlufficien yofwhichDii ftoijytotheEnds proposed ''M4- in the lame, pronounced the weakness of the Ordinance which ant.' ritecfir^ and the excellency of tbeptiblick 1 •■.- inall and office lets learnecly < dby Dr. Hjmmond^thtn newly rhadea'Chae ordinary I Sacred Mij.-itv. Which though it m; Red al] equal ana unbyaflcdmc/^ yetii ther Learnhi new ' it, it were, th »y the noifeo )r- cfinartc at. I'oi mi the :^/of . . Anno I linanc* coraeifharid< Lords and C ftnal Execution of the Directory for publick Worlhip j with ievc- ralJ Cf antes' in th liiperfing and ufe >f, but for calling ' mmon-prayer, untfer icvetal penalti W >:i as !:.-n .-turned to His Winter-Quarter Hcpubl II Proclamation of tl i thof Nfivcntbcr, comin i j • the ule or t! i non-Pi .r. nbtwIthftaricKhgany.Ordin intfary from th ?Ho Parliament. t;l''nr ; . firft, of hoiat>I« Bene «;whichbad for Eighty years redounded to: j ion by the ufe of cc the Liturgy - H that bv fie fiid Hook ecof Common-Prayer, an I impofiHg the Directory, aw mid be ktIcftopen for all Ignorant, Factious, and Evil men. tobroach their «e Pa::, \( ■ be they never Co e'rront lead peo- c: pic into Sin and Rebellion againfi the Kin?, to raife Factions and tc Divifions in the Church ; and finally, to utter thofe things for tbejr "Prayers in the Congregation , to which no Confcicm i rs did before by their learned Argu- ments, lor it" He had found little or no obedience to his Proclamati- ons when hewas ftrohg,aud in the head or a vt&orioosand'fuccesful Army, He was not to expect it in a low condition , when Ms Affairs were ruinated and reduced to nothl 42. For (oft was, that tl Pj having railed an Army of Eigh- teenth 1 ind Three t ho aland I hulc. taking the Dragoons into the reckoning tghndin thedepthof \Vmttr9AMfio 1 >ft as far as the Banks of the Wivcr'fine withoi ofition. There th ived a (top by the coining 1 the Marc]'.:tl: /c.uith hi-? Northern At my, and entcrtain'ci the time with iomc petit skirmHhes, till the fad news of thefurprhe of $cl 'fax , compelled him to return towards Torl{ with all his Forces, for the pTeterving of that place, on which , ,, ,1. ...--_■-■ ■ .. ^-/v— ° the fafety of the North did depend efpecially. The Scots march af- 1644. ter h'im amain , and beliege that City, in which they were afliftcd by the Forces of the Lord Fairfax, and the Earl of Manchefter , who by the Houfeswere commanded to attead that Service. The lilue whereof was briefly this :, that having worfted the great Aimy of Prince Rupert at MarSton*moor, oil the lecond of July. , Tork^ yeelded on Composition upon that day fortnight;, theMarqaefsof Nexpcjflle, with many Gentlemen of great Note and Quality, fhiptthcmfelves for Frances and theftrongTownof Newcajile took in by the Scots . on the 1 9th of oUober then next following. More fortunate was His Ma jelly with His Southern Army, though at the full he was, neceflita- ted to retire from Oxon at luch time as the Forces under Ejfex and Waller did appear before it. The news whereof being brought unto them, it was agreed that Waller (hould purfue the King, and that the Earl's Army (hould march Weftward to reduce thole Countreys. And here the My fiery of Iniquity began to fliow its felf in its proper colours. For whereas they pretended to have raifed their Army for no other end, but only to remove the King from his Evil CounceHors, thole Evil Councilors, as they call them, were left at Oxon , and the King only hunted by his inlblent Enemies. But the King having to- tally broken Waller in the end of June, marched after Ejjex into Pe~ vonfiire , and having fhut him up in Cornwall, where he had neither room for forrage,nor hope of fuccours, he forced him to flyeinglo- rioufly in a Skiff or Cockboat , and leave his Army in a manner to the Conqueror's Mercy.. ButhisHorle having the good fortune to fave themlelves , the King gave quarter to the Foot, relerving to Himfelf their Cannons, Arms, and Ammunition, as align of His Vi- ctory. And here again the Warr might poffibly have been ended, if the Kiag had followed his good fortune , andmarch'dtoIt a j N me E,*C*,a H'eljh-man ' themoftl in ill the Pack : Inwhofe Sermon there vrerc many paffages very fcandaloi t to His A h i eft) */ Pel lory to I lis I Ion our \ \i i m n j \ up / /. , ; . o - itvjl the K/'/i^'s ConiKr.jlon- crs - tcHin^thm , 'lh.it they, uncjvith he nt- > fill! of mood\ au.nhat there toot free betwixt the Treat) and Pe.u reroae bear, >: h >f this the Ox** Lords complained, ! could obtain no reparation for the King or tbemielves 5 though af« rerwardi Cwavw/ paid the debt, and brought him to the Scaffold when he lcal't lookul for it. 44. Rut notwithftanding thefcorefaees of no goodfuccefi. 1 Kiiv./s Comroiffioners begin the loog-wiTnt-fbi Treat] , which is re- duced totbefc three Hcjdbj^/z.. Concernments of the Church, The Power of the Militia, and the Warr of Ireland. In ret firli (lor of the other two I (hall take no notice) I jefty w pleated to condefcend to thefc particulars 5 that is to lay, 1. -jhat freedom t 10 til perfons rvhatfocver in rn.ittr.rs of Ceremony \ and that all the penalties df the lairs and C.tnons vchicb enjoin thofc Cere- monies, be fufpended. 2. 'lh.it the BiJJ.wps fould excrcije no iff of Ju- rifditlion or Ordination , without the conjent and conn tlof the Pr byters , rcho fly At be chojen by the Clergy of each Dioccft , out of t grave ft and mnjl learned men jmongft themfelves. 3. That the Eif Jball be conjiuntly rtfident in his Diocefs , except he be r ! to at- tend His AUjcJl) i and full preach every bun day in feme Church or other , n-ithm the Diocejs,ij \redet\her by old age or ichr r.efi. 4. That Ordination Jbati be pnblick, and in folemn manner, an. witted into Holy Order s ^but fuch as arc well qualified and approved of by the Rjtral Presbyters. 5. That anim\ le it i \ lcindgcs as belonged to Bifiwps, Deans , and Chap- ters ; the J aid improvement to be made out of Impropriations, andco:- fir> Parliament, 6. I hat from thenceforth n jhould bold trro Cuuri he s vc;lh Cure of Souls. And, -.7 >:.lred thou- ■J.irithraijed out of the Land : : and Cathedral Churches , tow-ir.L the fat k the Pub- lit it. Anf i regulat li&ion iaftical Courts, in Caufcs Teftamcntary, Dccimj I \ la - mmoni.il ; for rcdJifying (bme Abufes mtheexercifcof 1 nie for mo Ddd and 47° 2Dj£ ©tftojp oftj)* l^stopitnans* L&. xii i , ^-yv->° and ordering their Vifitations to the beft advantage of the Church; 1644. an^^- m Battel onthcfirftopRortunit) : I i c was confirmed by ' two vMe.tt Advantages -l1; with a fulh Bodywl I (oil.-, which rcacli'cl him npt until the £■ before ih> . ami llcondly, !>■ tingoi Come I fent fromGc ringjhy M.ijefty ae all occsilionof Battel, tiUhea ipzohimv* m I'o is h.iltnedihe Dei' Ivcrje l\nr- who full, upon the King1 Army ul tl l ■ £till that time an <' "* in .\ . in ;on .s itnrAay the i . th 1 1 VI >, .: '. I id the better ■ ' . • bat Ing rout- not been lo intent upon the OOt Opt 11 to tile other Wing. VVho prefling hotly on thern. put them to an absolute Rout, and ni Ivc&Malh I Camp ,jCarriage, and Canncn \ kI a mongfr other t rungs of His Ma jetty's Cabinet : fn which thet found nuinj of his Letter.?, moltoffhem u ritten to theQU.cen^vi hicn afterwards were puolilned by Command of the Houfes, to their, pc.it diinonQur. For, whereas the Athenians onthelike fuccefs, had intercepted a Packet of Letters from r hi lip King of MacecUn . theic molt bitter Enemy, junto (evcral friends, they met with one amongft the reft to the Queen Oljmpias j the reft being all broke open before the Council, that they might beadverttfed of the Enemy's purpofi the Letter to the Queen was returned untouch't ; the whole Senate thinking It a rtiamerulanddilhorieftafttopryiatothe Conjugal Se- crets betwixt [Vlanand Wife. A Vlodcfty in which thole of Athtni (rand 3 s much commended by Hill.idiu$ Bifantinus^ an ancient Wri- ter, as th. I iding-menor the Houles of Parliament, are like to It. mil fcondemned for want of it, itffiicceeding Storie . 4-. lV.it to pr< this mifcrablc Blow was followed by tne fiif- rendry of Br/JioL iheltormingof Bricigrr.ttcr^ the furprifc of Here- ford, and at the end of Winter, with the lofs of cheftcr. During Which time the King moved up and down with a Running- Armv. but withfiich ill fortune as moft commonly attends a declining-ddc. In which diitreChccomestdhisqJd Winter-Quartets, no: out of hope' or brii is Affairs to a better condition before the opening of the Prom Oxbn be (ends divers Meflages to the fl of Parliament, defiringthat He might be (uSered to return totVeftmin- jicr and ulh ring for their fecuriry the whole Power of the King- dom, the N ' , Forts, and Armies, to' be en joyed by them in icr, and for (o longtime*, as rncy had formerly defired. Bur finding nothing From them out neglect and (corn. HisMefTag< ind Hi . - Miricd, He made an ofierof Hirafelftb F -lied alfo. Tired with re pu lie upon rcpulfc , and r I rcmainderof His Forces h< /• ! • Himfclf, in the l>e .7, into the ! ufn if the hen at Southwell in the County of hnnor*Houfe belonging t< ofTtr^. Forthe D'd'd Scots ^7" ' : %\)t\oi&oivWtl)t y zegoptf ilang^ Lib, xiu Scots having mattered the Northern parts, in the year 1^44, fpent the next year in harrafing the Countrey , even as far as Hereford-, which they befieged for a time, and perhaps had carried it, if they had not been called back by the Letters of fome fpecial Friends, to takecareof Scotland^thcn a\mo(t reduced to the King's obedience, by the Noble Marquefs of Montrofs. On which Advertifementthey depart from Hereford , face Worcejltr , and fomarcht Northward : From whence they prefently difpatch Col. David Lefjlj /, with Six thoufand Horfe 5 and with their Foot employed themfelves in the Siege of Newark^ which brought down their Comrniilioners to Southwell^ before remembied. From thence the King is hurried in poft-haftetotheTownof Newcafile, which they looked on as their ftrongeft Hold. And being now delirous to make eeven with their Matters, to receive the wages of their Iniquity, and being dtfirous to get home in fafety with that Spoil and Plunder which they had gotten in their marching and re-marching betwiyt Tweed and Here- ford , they preft the King to flingup all the Towns and Cafrles which remained in His Power, orellethey durft not promife to continue Him under their Protection. 48. This Turn feemed tfrange unto the King. Who had not put Himfelf into the Power of the Scots, had He'not been allured be- fore-hand by the Fm/c£ Ambaflador, of more courteous ulage; to whom the tfart-r Commiflioners had engaged thcrnielves., not only to receive HisPerfon, but all thofealfo which repaired unto Him into their prote&ion, as the King fignified by His Letters to the Marquefs of Ormond. But having got Him into their Power, they forget thole Promifes,and bring Him under the neceffity of writing to the Marquellesof Montrofs and Ormond to difcharge their Soldiers-, and to His Govemoursof Towns in England , to give up their Garri- fbns. Amongft which, Oxford the then Regal City , was the mofi: confiderable, furrendred to Sir Thomas Fairfax upon Midfommer- day. And by the Articles of that Surrendry, the Duke of r ot the p?esbptetiang, 47? the hands of bis Encmit ertainly they would have done t J : c r^s* — Lord ChrUt himfclf for half the money, if he had hwd donn the ' H down to njit t\//v.and therefore fit to be review- ed , orcife laidafide. And at the lirlr, their journey-men began with a Keview, and fitted Fouttecuof the Articles to their own conceptions; but intheendydefpairingof the like (uccefi to all the reft, they gave over tiiat impertinent labour, and found ir a more ca- fie task to conceive a *or, than to accommodate the old Conreilion to their private Fancies. And in this new Confeflion, they clhiblifli * the Morality or their Lord's-day-Sabbath , declare the Pope to be the Antuhriiu the Sin of Perdition, and the Man of Sin. And there- in alio interweave the Calvinian Pvigours, in reference to the ablo- lute Decree of Prcdeftination, Grace, l;rcc-will,c£r. But knowing that they letvetllueh Mailers as were refolved to part with no one Branch of their own Authority, they attribute a Power to the Civil Magiftrate, not only of calling Synods and Church-Allemblie;-, but alio of being pielent at theni , and to provide that whatlbever is therein contracted, be done agreeably to the Mind and Will of God. But as to the matter of Church-Government, the Divine Right of their Presbyteries, the letting of Chrilt upon his Throne, the Parity or Imparity of Miniftersinthe Church of Chrilt, not a word deli- vered. Their mighty Matters were not then refolved upon thole par- ticulars j and it w is ;it the Holv Ghoftlrjould iray their leifure , and not infpire their Journey-men with any othei Inltruclion than what lent them from the Houles. - . But this Confeflion, though imperfect , and performed by halv< offered in the way of an Humble Advice to the Lords and Comm§Ms\ that by the omnipotencv of an Ordinance it might pal foe currant, and be received for the citablifhed Doarineof the Church of England. The like w.is done alio in the tendry of thu'i r Caterhij';: , which feems to be nothing in a manner but the let- oi ■ of their Confejjion m another drefi, and putting it into the 1 of Queftionsana Anfwers, that lb it might appear to be uxne- 1) d dd ; what 474 $$* i^jftps&ef t\}2f$\mvmm& Lfo.xiu. what elfe than indeed it was. But being fomewhat of the largeftto 1646. be taught in Schools, and fomewhat of the hardeftto be learned by ' Children, it wasbrought afterwards into an Epitome , commonly called The lejjer Catechijm, and by the Authors recommended to the ' ufc of the Church, as far more Orthodox than Notvcfs, more clear than that contained in the Common-Prayer-Bcok, and not inferior to the Palatine ot'GenevianY ovm's. But in all three, they held forth fuch a Doctrine touching God's Decrees, that they gave occafion of reviving the old Blajiian Herefie, in making God to tie the Author of Sin. Which Doctrine being new publifhed in a Pamphlet , entit- led, Comfort for Believers in their Sins and Troubles , gave fuch a hot Alarm to all the Calvinijis in the new Aflembiy , that they procured itjto be burnt by the hands of the Hangman, But firft , they thought it neceflary to prepare the way to that execution, by pub- lifhing in print their detejiation of that abominable, and blafyhemous Opinion, That God hath a handm,andis the Author of the finfulnejs of his people, as the Title tells us. So that now Cakin's Followers may fleep fupinely without regard to the reproaches of uncivil men, who had upbraided them with maintaining (uch blafphemous, ^octrine. The Reverend Divines of the Aflembiy have abfolved h. pi from it, and fhowed their Detejiation of it } and who dares charge it on them for the time to come >_ 51. But thele things poflibly were acted as they were Calvinians^ and perhaps Sabbatarians alfo, and no more than fo. And therefore wernuit next fee what they do on the (core of Presby tery, for fetting up whereof, they had took the Covenant , called in the Scots, and more infifted on the abolition of the Epifcopal Function , than any other of the Propositions which more concern* them. To this they made their way in thoie Demands which they fent to Oxen, the Ordi- nance for Ordination of Minift ers, and their advancing of the Di- rectory in the fall of the Liturgy. They had alfb voted down the Calling of Bifhops, in the Houfe of Commons, onS£ptemb.S. 16425 and caufedthe palling of that Vote to be fblemnized with Bells and Bonfires in the ilreets of London, as if the whole City was as much concerned in it, asfbme Factious Citizens. But knowing that little was to be effected by the Propofitions, and much lefs by their Vote?9 they put them both into a Bill, which part the Houfe of Peers on the third of February, lome two days after they had tendred their Prc- polals to the King at Oxon. And by that Bill it was defired tobeE- nacied. That from the Fifth of November, (the day defigned for the blowirgup the Parliament by the Gun-powder- Tray tors) which ffcould be in the year of our Lord 1643, there fhould be no Arch- bifiops; BifiopS) Comnnjjaries, &c. ( with all their Train recited in the Oxon Article , Numb. 21.) in the church ^England.- That from thenceforth j he Name , Title , and Funtiion of Arch-Biflwps , Bijfjops, Chancellors , ckc. or likervife the having , ufing, or exercifing any Jurif diftion, Office, and Authority , by reajon or colour of any fuch Name, Dignity, or function in the Realm of Enghnd.J/jould utterly and for ever ceafe* And that the King might yeeld the (boner to the Altera- tion, Li H jpuMiMftojp of ti)t pygbrtcriang. 47c they tempt him to it wkhaClaufi therein contained , fbi put- ting him into the a&ual pofiefiion or all the Caftles,Manri rciiLinc.nl>, and Hereditaments, belonging to the laid Arch i BiuVtps,orto any of ttiem. Ami tor the Lands 61 i the Brethren Lad a hope to parcel then ihern- feltes, under the colour of encouraging andmaintaining ofa Pr« ich- ty i (bale fori \ pittan , to irn ro- bVietattes, and lome fhort Peafion during life to the i ibo) $a. Such was the tenoor of the Bill i irfiich found no bettei o riainment than their Piopolitions. So that dcfpairingi nn- : King's content to advance Presbytery, th j refotved ' of tnemfelve*,buTndt tilltrtey had broken the Kin ■/ i 01 I trk Battel ot N.iisby: Foron the nineteenth of /■■ next lowing , thev publilh Cv Dirci in the name of rhel ordl and "Commons, 'a:ur advice with then Divirn ot the Aflctlrbly] ' "the chufing of RVLI\G- ELDERS in all the Congregation '•in theCIaliical Allemblies, rortbeCkiei or 1 onilon add ll'-fiwin- . and the (ever al Counties of the Kingdom, ra-ord •;. "fpccdv letting of Prcsbytcrial Government. Amount \. hlch, no - In.ill care was taken for making twelve Claries of the Mtnifb rf i on doa on\y '-, and after, for dividing each particular Com ^i.uo feveial cUJfes , with reference to the [argenefi snd extent -thereof. Which Orders and Directions, were after lecondedby the Ordinance of Ottober the twentieth \ containing Certain Ruled for the fufpenlionof lcandalous and ignorant pcrlons from the h ly Supper, and giving power to certain perfons therein named, to (it as judges and Trvcrs, as well concerning the Flection . as the In- tegrity and Ability of all fuch men as ate elected riders within anv the Twelve Chjjesoi the Province of I on don. It is not to be thought, but that the London- Fdderjbips m.u\i: iurricient hafte to put themlelves into the actual pollelhon of their new Authority. Rut in the Counncv- molt men were focold and backward, that the ! r-Houiew. s tain to quicken them with iome frclh Kefolve> \\ by which it was required, on the twentieth or Febru.irj , Tb.tt eh . forthwith nude of Elders, thoroughont the Kw^d. tord/nqto fitth former Directions M h.id pjft both l{oufes\ and th.it all Cl.tj/er and r. trot hi A Congregations , fiotild be thereby authorifd efeBmaUj to proceed therein. And that the Church might be lupplied with liniltersin all times tuccccding, the Power of Ordination, fornnriv re (trained to certain perfons reliding in and about the Ci- tv of London, (according to the Ordinance or the lecond of ih7o- her I 44.) is now communicated to the Minilters or each feveral c . a. men moft .like to know the wants of the Parifh-Cburches ;r Authority. . But here it is to be obferved, that in the feeling of the Prcf- vcinment in the Realm or FngLind . as the Prc in which they fignifie , That they were not able to cenfent to the granting of an Arbitrary and unlimited tower and JurifdiBion to near Tenthoufand Judicatories to beere&ed in the Kingdom^ which could not be conjijicnt with the Fundamental Laws and Government of it. and which by necejjary conjequence did exclude the Parliament from having any thing to do in that Jurifdiffwn. On (lie h a doubtful bottom did Prtsl . yu r) (land, till the King had put him- felf into the Power of the Scots, and that the Scots had potted him in all hafte to the Town of Newcajlle. Which caufed the Lords-and Commons no lefs haftily to fpecd their Ordinance of the fifth of June , For the prefent fetling of the Presbyterial Government , with- out further delay , as in the Title is expreft. And though it was de- clared in the end of that Ordinance, That it was to be in force for three years only, except the Houfes fhould think fit to continue it longer^ yet were the London-M\mft.txs fo intent upon them, that they refolve to live no longer in fufpence, but to proceed couragi- Oufly in the execution of thofe feveral Powers which both by Votes and Ordinances were intruded to them. And to make known to ail the World what they meant to do, they published a Paper with this Title, that is to fay. Certain Confederations andCautions agreed upon by the Miniflers of London and Weftminfter, and within the Lines of Communication, June the nineteenth ', 1646. According to which they refolve to put the Presbyterial Government into execution , upon the Ordinances of Parliament before publifhed. 54. In which conjuncture it was thought expedient by the Hou- fes of Parliament, to fend Commiffioners to Newcaflle , and by them to prefent fuch Proportions to his Sacred Majefty,as they con- ceived to be agreeable to his prefent condition. In the (econd of which it wasdeiired, That accordingtothe laudable Example of his Royal Father , of happy memory ', he would be pleafed to fwear andjign the Solemn League and Covenant , andcaufe it to betaken by A3 s of Parliament in all hh Kingdoms andEfiates. And in the third it was propofed , That a Bill uhould pafs for the utter abolishing and ta- king away of Arch-Bifhop*, Biftiops, Chancellors, Commiflaries, Deans, dv. as they occur before in the Oxon Articles, Num. 21. That the Allembly of Divines, and Reformation of Religion, ac- cording to the faid Covenant, fhould be forthwith fetled and con- firmed Lib. XIU. gfrgfotftozpof the ftzeglnttTiarg. 477 firmed. bi Parlii n< nr ; and btmity ,^->v--' betweeo the Churches of both Kit ; . • be r confirmed l>v A&of Parliament, as by the (aid Covenant i |ui- ifter Advice firft had with the Divine; of tru i id Ai . It at required alfc in the laid That he (bould utterly veft nimfelf of all power to protc people, bj putting the Rlitia intothe hands of the Houfcs 5 and that he fhould betray the created part of the Lairds and Gentry which had adhered unto him "n thecourfc trr , to a certain ruins (btneoi which were t > be excluded from all hope of Pardon, as to the uj vine of theii Live^; others to forfeit their I , and to lole their Liberties 5 the Clergy to remain under (cquefti I - if both forts to be difabted from the ufe of theii Callings. Demands fuch unreafonable and horrid nature, as would haw 1 ndred him inglorious and contemptible both at home and abroad, it they ha 1 Iv nted. 55 Thcle Propofitions were t relented to him on the eleventh day of J*tj-> at ^'Tccajilc , by the Earls of Pembroke and Suffolk, of the Houfeof Peers s Erlc^HipiJly, Robinfcn, and Goodwin , from Houfeof Commons: Of whom his Ma jefty demanded , Whe- ther they came impowrcd to treat with him., or not.' And when t v anfvvercd, That they hid no Authority fo to do : He prcfently re- plied , That then the Houfes might as well hive font their Proporti- ons by an hone/i Trumpeter, and fo parted with them for the preterit. Hi- Majeftyhad fpentthe greateft part of histime me to Newcajile, in managing a difpute about Church-Government with Mr. Alexander Hen cierfon , the molt conli duable Champion for Prep- bytery in the Kirk of Scotland. II nl.rfon Was polled of all advan- tages of Books a ! Ps which might enable him to carry on fuch a Difputation. But Hi Mijefty had the better Caufe, and the Wrong- er Arguments, F urni bed with which, (though deftitute of all other Helpsthan whit he had within himlelf J he prefk his Adverlnrv fo hard, and gave Inch fitisraftory Anfwcrs unto all his Cavils, that he remained Writer of the Field, as may fufficicntly appear by the Printed Paper*;. And it was credibly reported, that liendcrfon v. io contouneled withgrief and flume , that he fell into a defpar fickneft , which in line brought him to hi^ Grave - profefling.asfome (ay, that he dved a Convert; and frequently extolling thole great Abilities which, when it wastoo late, he had found in his Vfajefty. Of the particular paflagesof this Difputation, the E$rgUfl Commif- (ioners h.t cdatiil Information 5 and therefore purpofely de- clined all diicourfe with hi- Ma jefty 3 by which the merit ot their Propolitions might be called fhqueuion. All that they did, wasto inliii upon the craving of a pofitive Anlwer, thatfo they might re- turn untotho^lhat fent them - dm\ Inch an Anlwer they fhall have, as will little pleale them. 5 . For though his Fortunes were brought fo low, that it was not thought fate for him to deny them any thing j yet he demurred upon Eec t the 478 3D?* ©ittojp cf tfje $jff0$rttrftn& Lib. xiu the granting of fuch points as neither in Honour nor inConfcience 1647. could be yeelded to them. Amongft which, thofe Demands which concerned Religion, and theabolHbing of the ancient Government of the Church by Arch-bifhops and Bifhops, may very juitly be Hip- poled to be none of the leaft. But this delay being taken by the Houfes for a plain denial, and wanting money to corrupt the unfaith- ful Scots, who could not otherwife be tempted to betray their Sove- raign ^ they paft an Ordinance for abolifhing the Epifcopal Govern- ment, and fetling their Landsupon frufteesfor the ufe of the State. Which Ordinance being paft on the ninth of O&ober, wai to this ef- fect that is to fay, That for the better raifmg of moneys for the juft and necejfary Debts of the Kingdom, in which the fame hath been drawn by a Warr mainly promoted in favour of Arch-bif}Ops andBifoops, and other their Adherents and Dependents -, it was ordained by the Authori- ty of the Lords and Commons , That the Name, Title, Stile , and Dig- nity of Arch-bijhop of Canterbury, Arch-bifoop of York , Bifiop of Winchester, and Bifiop of Durham, and all other Bifjjops or Brfljopriclv within the Kingdom , JI)ouldfrom and after the fifth of September, 1646, thenlaji paft , be wholly abolifiedor txken away ^ and thai all perfons fiould from thenceforth be difablcdto hold that Place, Functi- on, or Stile, within the Kingdom of England, and Dominion of Wales, or the Town of Berwick 5 or exercife any Jurifdi&ion or Authority .'hereunto formerly belonging, by vertue of any Letters Patents from the Crown, or any other Authority whatfoever '■> any Law or Statute to the contrary not wit hji an ding, As for their Lands, they were not to be veiled now in the Kings pofTeffion, as had been formerly intended^ but to be put into the power of fome Truftees which are therein named , to be difpofed of to fuch ufes, intents, and purpofes , as the two Houfes ftiould appoint. 57. Amongft which ufes, none appeared foviGble, even to vul- gar eyes, as. the raifing of huge Sums of Money to content the Scots, who from a Remedy were looked on as the Sic\nefs of the Common- wealth. The Scots Demands amounted to Five hundred thoufand pounds of Englift) money, which they offered to make good on a jufl: account i, but were content for quietnefs fake to take Two hundred thoufand pounds in full fatisfa&ion. And yet they could not have that neither, unlets they would betray the King to the power of his Enemies. At firft they ftood on terms of Honour 5 and the Lord Chancellor Lowdon ranted to fome tune ( as may be feen in divers of his Printed Speeches) concerning the indelible Characler of Difgrace and Infamy which muft be for ever imprinted on them, if they yeelded to it. But in the end, the Presbyterians on both fides did 10 play their parts, that the finful Contract was concluded, by which the King was to be put into the hands of fuch Commiflioners as the two Houfes fhould appoint to receive his Perl&h. The Scots to have One hundred thoufand pounds in ready money, and the Public^ Faith (xvhichthe Houfes very prodigally pawned upon all occafions) to fecure the other. According unto which Agreement his Lib. xiu. £ tlo?rcfthcp 479 his Majcfty is ioldby his own Subjccl varus j by Co .hey thou., chs , by how much the) had made a ben price of tin ( ommodity which tl (bid, he is delivered for the ufe of th< cuftody of the Earl of tetnbfoks ^ (who mufti ii i lands) the Earl of Denbigh, and the Lord / with twice as man) Members of the Lpwel floul takes his Journey towards Holdenty ybcfoTci/cnH l,onth< third of February. And there ibdofcly watcht and guar » his own Servants are permit ted to repair unto nim. Mat i cj~ r//3 two great fticklers in behalf of Pr< '• , 'inr fiifch as afrer warped to the Independent r) arc by the llouli s nominated to as Chaplains. But he rehiK I to hear them in thch . orPi chings, unlets they would officiate by the pul I ind bind t hemic Ives unto the Rulesof the Churchof BngUnd. VVhi not being able to obtain , hemoves the Houfc* by hisMcflage or' the i7thof that VIontli, t<> have-two itns of his own. Whi mod unchriftianly and molt baibaroully they cienyed to grant him. 58. Having reduced him to this Qreight , they prefi him once again with their Proportions which being the very ftmc which •was fent to Newcajt/c, could not in probability receive any otfl Anfwer. This madethem keep a harder hand upon him, than they did before i prcfuniing. that they might be able to extort tho Couceflions from him by the fevcrityand fblitudeof his refrraint, when their Perfwafiops were l tk3 and their Arguments not ftrong enough to induce him to it. But. Great Coel ! I low fallaci- ous are the thoughts of men." Ho tchedly do we betray our (fives tothofj finful hopes which never (hall be aniwcrablc to our expectation f* The Trethyterians had batterecf down Epiflopacj by the force of aq Ordinance ^ outcd the greatefr part of the Regular Clergy, of their Cures and Benefices, advanced their n. m of Government,!))' theVotesof the Houfcs, and got the King into their power, to make fure work of it. But when they thougl t them- ielves fecure, they were moft unfife. For being in the h of all their Glories and Proje.. . a Cornet of the Arm comes thither with a Party of Horie, removes his Guards, and tak him with them to their Head-Quarters, which were then at - burnA a Town upon the North-weft Road in the County of Bed- ford: Followed, not Ion?, after, by tuch Lords and others as were commanded by the Houlcs to attend upon him. Who not being ve- ry acceptable to the principal Officers, W( re within very few weeks difcharged of that S . By means whereof, the Ffeitntetisns loll all thofegfieat advantages which they had fancied tothemfeive and ifull be better husbanded to the ufe of their Adver1arie?,tbou it 1 led wprie to his N^ajeftv's perfon, thai biy it might bavedqpe, if they had 1 i him to remain at //. .'.A./.7 1 \e Houlcs hxt him. Eeee 1 480 %t)t ii)ift02P of tljc }&jeSD?reriartSu Lib. xiu . 59. This great turn hapned on the fourth of June^Anno i647,be- 1647. fore he had remained but four Months in the Power of theHoufes. Who having brought the Warr to the end detired, pofleft themfelves of the King's Perfon , and difmifled the Scots , relolved upon dif- banding a great part of the Army, th.it they might thereby cafe the people of fome part of their burthens. But fome great Officers of the Army had their Projects and Defigns apart, and I did not think it confonant to common prudence, that they (liould either fpend tfaeir blood, or confume their Itrength, in railing others to that Power, which being acquired by themfelves, might far more eafily be retain- ed, than it had been gotten. Upon thefe grounds they are refolved againft disbanding, (land on their Guards, and draw together to- wards London^ contrary to the Will and exprefa Commandment of their former Matters, by whom they were required to keep at a greater diftance. The Officers thereupon impeach fome Members of the Lower Houfe ; and knowing of what great Confequence it might be unto them to get the King into their Power, a Plot is laid to bring him into their Head- Quarters without noife and trou- ble -■) which was accordingly effected, as before is (aid. Thus have the Presbyterians of both Nations, embroiled the Kingdom firft in Tumults, and afterwards in a calamitous and deftrudtive Warr. In which the Sword was fuffered to range at liberty, without diftincti- on of Age, Sex, or Quality. More goodly Houfes plundered aad burnt down to the ground , more Churches facrilegioudy propha- ned and fpoiled , more Blood poured out like Water within four years fpace, than had been done in the long courfe of Civil-Warrs, between Tork^ and Lancajier. With all which Spo'l and publick Ruin, they purchafed nothing to themfelves but fhame and infamy 5 as maybe (hownby taking a brief view of their true condition be- fore and after they put the State into thefe Confufions. 60. And firft , the Scots not long before their breaking out againft their King , had in the Court two Lords High Stewards, and two Grooms of the Stool, fucceffively one after another. And at their taking up of Arms, they had a Mafter of the Horfe, a Cap- tain of the Guard, a Keeper of the Privy Purfe, feven Grooms of eight in his Majefty's Bed-Chamber, and an equal number at the leaft of Gentlemen-Ufhers, Quarter-waiters, Cup-bearers, Carvers, Sew- ers, and other Officers, attending daily at the Table. I fpeak not here of thofe who had places in the Stables, or below the Stairs 5 or of the Servants ofthofe Lords and Gentlemen who either lived about the Court, or had Offices in it. All which together, makeup fo confiderable a number, that the Cour might well be called an Acade- my of the Scots Nation $ in which fo many of all forts had their Breeding, Maintenance, and Preferment. Abroad, they had a Lieu- tenant of the Tower, a Fortrefs of moft confluence in all the Kingdom:, and a Matter-Gunner of the Navy 5 an Office of as great a Truftas the other: and more of thofe Monopolies, Suits, and Patents, which were conceived to be moft grievous to fthe Sub- jects, Lib. xili "JEtoetoift^PQftbc ) s. 4S1 je&s,thao eihht E»&iiJkoi the Court. InfhcChui Deanriet, divers Prebendaries, and (a Idialtieal I as equalled .ill the Rovenu the Kirk ol 6 thev had loir, like- /£/dp*« i i And j catching a( thai Lbadow, the) h>!rall tb#fc Advani which b fore they had both hi Court and Coon and i ! v far the prdent, but in all probability tor the time to comet Such lu'. win the .s«.o/j by this brutiih bargain) but whether out ot pure zeal to the Holy Uilciplinc. or theirtgrcal love to rillhy lucre. on pcrvcrlncU of their nature, or the rebellious humour ot' the Nati- on, or el all together, let them judg thai I'm. 6l, It then the Scots became luch !<< :rgain,asr Cure they did j as lurei: it that their deal Brethren in the CatrieoJ /V. , the Puritans or Preibyterians in the Realm ot mda got as little by it. The Engh/h Furita I their heads and hands tocher tocmbroil the Realm. oo( oi .1 confidence, that having alienated the greateit part of the 1'iibes fro Houfcof D*V9ds they might advance the Golden Calved of their Pit byteries,in Dtn and />V//u7, and all other [daces whatsoever within the I. ami. And tor the maintenance thereof, they had devoured (in conceit all Chapter- Lands, and parcel led them amongli themfelves into Augmcn- tdtions. But nofooner had they driven this B 1, buta Vote paf led tor felling thok Lands towards the payment of the Debt, ot the Commonwealth. l\or have they lived to lee tin.ii clear Presbyter v ietlcd, or their Lay-FJdcrs entertained in anyone Parilh ot the kingdom. For the advancement whereof , the.* c§ts were firft in- couraged to begin at home, and afterwards to purine their Work by invading in England. Nor tared it better with thofe great jicbito- fhcls of the popular Party, who laboured in the railing of anew Common-wealth, out of the Ruinsof a Glorious and Ancient Mo- narchy. To which end they employed the Presbyterians^* the fitteft Inlhuments foe drawingthe people to their fide, and preaching up the piety of theif Intentions. Which Plot thev had been carrying on from the firft coming ot" this King to the Crown of E*glrmynor any of the old ideas* were equal to it. The Ho- nours and Qmoes where v had diltributcd amonglt the mid \ and their own ce. But having b; ought the King ( though / as it chanced, by Other hands,} to the End they aimed, and being in- tent 00 nothing .note than the dividing of that rich Prey amongtt themfelves, gratifying one another with huge leans ot Money, and growing fat on t enuesof thcCiowu , and the Lands ot the Church, and guarded ai they thought by invincible Armie , tb4 L c c e 3 w 4** jE!)t ^)tfto?p of tlje P jesbpteriansu Lib.xm. were upon a fudden (battered like the duft before the wind, turned 1 647* out of all, and pulickly expofed to contempt and (corn. All which was done lb eafily, with (b little noife, that .the Jols of that exorbi- tant Power did not cofl: fo much as a broken Head, or a bloody Nofe, in purchafing whereof, they had wafted fo many Millions of Trea- fure, and more than One hundred thouland Lives. Thus have wefeen the dangerous Do&rines and Pofitions, the fe- cret Plots and open Prac~ri(es} the Sacriledges, Spoils, and Rapins; the Tumults, Murthers, and Seditions 5 the horrid Treafons and Re- bellions, which have been railed by the Presbyterians in rnoft parts of Chriftendom, for the time of One hundred years, and upwards. Which having feen, we (hall conclude this Hiiloryin the words of that Cenfure which by the Doclorsof the Sorbonne was once palled on the Jefuits $ that is to fay 9 Videtur hac Societas in negotio fideipe- riculofa , pacts Ecclejia perturbativa^ Religionk re£t & ma- gk ad deftrn&iotiem quam ad tidifaationem. t FINIS. C At ill wjt? ojjome Boolyf Printed ffr} an Lire to be fold by Thonns Ballet , at the Cjcorgc in 1 lc tit rat, v.QAr Cliffords- Inn. bo! i f~^\ofwp{r ipiy in four Books; V >«.o:)M!iii;ii; the Chorogra* ph-, and Htftory of the- \ , mm\ all the prifJ ;doms and Troviru and IUci thereof By P, licylm: Printtd I in Columns, much rer than any of the former K- dttioOSi i'r I, I 10 /. }', Ed /■•;/■< B jr. jur.tt. i : or, the Hilrory of the \\ tibrm.it ion ot I Church ol / ngUndh contain - ;, progrefi, and fucccfles or" ir ; the Counfcli by which it wascondu&ed>the Rules or Piety ami Prudence upon which it was founded) the teve- ral ftepi by which it was promo- ted or retarded, in the change of j, from the iirft preparations to it by King Henry the 3th, until' the legal! indcftabUthment] of it under Queen Elizabeth : to- j aether with the intermixture of Ch ii A&ions, and Affairs of Sr ekher were co-incident with ic . or related to it. By P. Heylim, rheiecond Kditiono j. The / uid Travels of the Duke of Holfitim's Emballi- tnto Aiufcovy, Tart. try , and i i in the yeac I : i containing a compleat Hiftor) of thofcCoun- trc\ .. W hereunto arc added the Travdsof Ma»Jeljo, from ttrfd into the E*1i-l*dies ;un in i ■ j3, and rtnifbt in The whole, illulrratcd with clivers nc- eurats Maps and I .Written originally by Adam Oleariw, Se- cretary to the iwbaliy. 1 be ic- cond Ed itioo corrected. Kngliih- ed by j Davie s o'i KidweUyAh'w^ bound i 8 /. .1. An llijlorii.il Dijphy of the Rumijh bt.uc, Court, Jnterclt, Po- licies, c^v. and ihe mighty intlu- COCe ot the jeju/ts in that Church, and many other Chriftian States, not hitherto extant. Being a full Account of all the Transitions both in/ r.une and at Home, con- cerningthe live famous Propod- tions controverted between the Jartjemjis and the Molwifts, from the beginning of that Affair , till the Pope's Decilion. Written originally by Afortf. de St. Amour, Doctor otSorborwe. Englifhed by G. H.ivirs. Price bound 14. s. 5. T"he Complc.it Body of the Art Military , in three Books: be- ing perfect Directions for the right ordering and framing of an Army both of Horfe and Foot. Together with all the manner of Fortifications , and the Art of Gunnery. By Rich.Flton^ Lieu- tenant-Colonel- Price bound 8 s. y/ 9 Y i « ^1 i