■J/uv » J- I'Jl *>»'■■ ~t^.r. »^i— "■^"^ .'^> BR 50 . R48 1916 ' Revelat ion and the life to come REVELATION AND THE LIFE TO COME r EDITED WITH AN INTRODUCTION IN TWO PAHTS BY THE AUTHOR OF " THE WAY: THE NATURE AND MEANS OF REVELATION " G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS NEW YORK AND LONDON "Cbc TRnicfterbocfter press 1916 Copyright, 19 i6 BY G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS Ubc Tftnfcfterboc'n'er iprcss, mew Jgorft PREFACE Parts I and II in what follows — treat- ing of the resurrection, and of certain re- lated spiritual phenomena of the New Testament — are in the nature of an intro- duction to Part III, which is comprised of extracts from the record of an experi- ence that is best explained in this connec- tion. The writings in Part III are a direct verbal product of this experience. They were printed for private distribution in 1894, under the title ''The Kingdom of Heaven"; and are herein reprinted for publication, with the addition of the two introductory parts and an appendix to emphasize their source and character as a revelation of truth. in CONTENTS PART I PAGE Resurrection in the Light of an Experience .... 3 PART II The Comforter, or Spirit of Truth 65 PART III Revelation and the Life to Come 119 Appendices . ... . .193 PART I RESURRECTION IN THE LIGHT OF AN EXPERIENCE THE RESURRECTION " In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulchre. . . . And they entered in, and found not the body of the Lord Jesus. And it came to pass, as they were much perplexed thereabout, behold! two men stood by them in shining raiment : and as they were afraid, and bowed down their faces to the earth, they said unto them. Why seek ye the living among the dead? He is not here, he is risen. . . . And they departed quickly from the sepulchre with fear and great joy; and did run to bring his disciples word. . . . "The same day, at evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut where the dis- ciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst, and said unto them, Peace be unto you. . . . But they were terrified and affrighted, and supposed that they beheld a spirit. And he said unto them, Why are ye troubled, and why do questionings arise in your hearts? Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have. And when he had thus spoken he showed them his hands and his feet. And while they believed not for joy, and wondered, he said unto them, Have ye here any meat? And they gave him a piece of a broiled fish and an honeycomb, and he took it, and did eat before them."— Sts. Matthew, Luke, and John. RESURRECTION IN THE LIGHT OF AN EXPERIENCE THE PHENOMENA OF THE RESURRECTION Apart from their association with the sacred character and mission of Christ, the phenomena of the resurrection, studied in the light of later but related experiences, are discerned to be a distinct revelation, disclosing incidentally the nature of that intermediate stage of life between the earthly and the heavenly: the phenomena referred to were comprised in the mani- festations of the risen Jesus intervening between his death and his ascension into heaven, specified as an interval of forty days. That the phenomena of the resurrection, as recorded in the Gospel, have commonly 3 4 THE RESURRECTION been regarded as miraculous, may account for the fact that for many Christian believers at the present time, under the influence of recent modes of thought, they have lost in some degree their significance as a revela- tion of truth. That which the apostle Paul regarded as the central truth of the Christian revelation, as implied in the words ''If Christ be not risen then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain, "^ is now often treated with silence, as if beyond the bounds of rational conviction; while the manifestations of the risen Jesus, if not deemed miraculous, or regarded as mythical tradition, or as hallucination, are interpreted by others as mystical symbols: and this latter conception is not without its significance, notwithstanding its entire variance with that order of attestation, as to the objective fact, implied in the words "Handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have. "^ ^ I Cor. XV : 3-8 and 12-15. * Luke xxiv: 39. THE RESURRECTION 5 II Manifestations from the unseen pro- jected on the plane of the known world, though not uncommonly reported in all ages and frequently in the scriptures, are unverifiable on ordinary grounds of evi- dence for the reason that the phenomena cannot be called forth or repeated at will, as facts are verifiable in the physical world. An apparitional psychic form, "a spirit," subjectively manifested, would be in accord with ideas, however derived, that are common to the race ; but a physical manifes- tation from the unseen, as specified con- cerning the phenomena of the resurrection, seemed to contradict the reason as well as common beliefs; and notwithstanding the visible, audible, and tactual forms of evi- dence accorded the disciples, when the mani- festation had vanished from their sight more than one of them questioned its reahty, for it is said that "some doubted" :^ ^ Matt, xxviii: 17. 6 THE RESURRECTION and this frankly expressed doubt tends to confirm the integrity of the Gospel record. Though physical in form the manifes- tation of the risen Jesus appeared and van- ished away before the eyes of the disciples, "the doors being shut. "^ Though attes- ted by the senses the experience was ab- normal to common beliefs; as such it was startling and distracting to the mind — the disciples ''were terrified and affrighted."^ Ill While they "believed not for joy,^ and wondered, he said unto them, Have ye here anything to eat ? And they gave him a piece of a broiled fish. And he took it, and did eat before them."^ Why this further insistence, by this special act, after Jesus had demonstrated to the senses the objective reality of his manifested ^ John XX : 19 and 26. ^ Luke xxiv: 37. 3 As "too good to be true," in the language of today. 4 Luke xxiv: 43. (R. V.) THE RESURRECTION 7 form? This significant act bears witness to the fact that the manifestation was in itself a revelation of truth; not, as often interpreted, in the form of a miraculous symbol, but an orderly disclosure of that which is of universal application in connec- tion with immortality, namely, thje immedi- ate resurrection of the human personality at dissolution and its ultimate ascension into heaven. By assuming physical materiality in the presence of witnesses, partaking of food, and then vanishing into invisible conditions, the manifestations of the resurrection, so far as their phenomenal side is concerned, were a demonstration of the fact that the physical organism is fundamentally psy- chic; and this psychical personality is "clothed upon"^ physically in a physical world, but is freed from that order of sub- stance in passing into a spiritual world. In other words the soul itself is an organic form, and the opening of psychic senses, ^ 2 Cor. v: 1-2. 8 THE RESURRECTION as to hearing and seeing^ — frequently referred to in the scriptures as an experi- ence common to ''prophets" and ''seers" — is the unveiHng of the senses of this psychic organism, or "spiritual body. "^ IV Viewed as a revelation of truth the mani- festations of the risen Jesus — now visible, audible, and tactual, and then vanishing into the unseen — attest this organic con- stitution of the soul ; the manifestation of which, under favoring conditions, is not miraculous, but orderly and natural within certain limitations. The manifestations subsequently witnessed by Paul,^ though no longer physical, enabled that apostle to determine, specifically, through the knowledge thus gained, the truths stated in his Epistle to the Corinthians concerning ^ 2 Kings vi: 17; and Luke xxiv: 31. =» I Cor. XV : 44. 3 Acts ix : 3-6 ; xxii 117,22; xxiii : 1 1 ; and xxvii : 23- 24. THE RESURRECTION 9 the return of the dead; wherein he says, ''There is a natural body, and there is [not, there will be] a spiritual body":^ implying that these coexist in man; that is, strictly speaking in the light of subsequent testimony, there is but one organism, but differently conditioned — manifested physi- cally in a physical world, and psychically in a spiritual world. This conception once clearly grasped, concerning the organic constitution of the soul itself, will be found to explain, in part, the nature of manifestations from the un- seen; the soul, at times, even while in the flesh, being capable of acting independently of physical conditions that relate it tem- porarily to a physical world. As thus discerned the manifestations of the resurrection were not miraculous crea- tions of the hour, but a temporary precipita- * I Cor. XV : 44. lo THE RESURRECTION tion, as it were (speaking tropically), of physical conditions upon a psychical, or "spiritual body," that already existed be- fore dissolution, and which death simply sets free. As attested by Paul the knowledge of this fact stands in marked contrast with conceptions which have, at times, identi- fied organic existence solely and exclu- sively with that physical body which, in the common experience, decays in the grave, as expressed in the following: — **And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose, and came out of the graves after his resur- rection, and went into the holy city, and appeared unto many "^ — momentary mani- festations from the unseen being thus identified in the mind of the writer w4th former imaginings regarding the state of the dead. In marked contrast with such conceptions is the revelation of the truth in him who, having died upon the cross, after a brief 'Matt, xxvii: 52, 53. THE RESURRECTION n interval manifested himself to his follow- ers, revealing the common experience that follows dissolution; when, after regaining consciousness, man finds himself alive and in a familiar organism, the exact counter- part in outward appearance to that body which was laid in the grave, but differently conditioned. Referring to this change, Paul affirms, "But some will say, How are the dead raised up? and in what body do they come ? . . . It is sown a natural body ; it is raised a spiritual body, "^ &c., and the manifestations of the risen Jesus will be found to mark the distinction when the phenomena of the resurrection are studied as a revelation of truth. VI Transmutations, whether of the psy- chical into the physical, or of the physical into the psychic, are frequently instanced in the scriptures, and are not unknown through subsequent experiences credibly ^ I Cor. XV : 35-44- 12 THE RESURRECTION attested. That there are forces and forms of matter, so called, that extend into the unseen world, or are projected thence into this world, through which means psychic phenomena may be outwardly conditioned and sometimes made physically visible under laws as immutable as those governing the natural phenomena of the physical world, is now gradually being reduced to knowledge. The experience of the seer and prophet implies an organic connection between the seen and unseen worlds, a correlation of forces operating in a psy- chic substance common to both worlds and forming a material connection of some kind, however rarefied, or sublimated, when contrasted with the physical, yet known through its forces and effects. That the transmutation of the psychic into the physical (and contrariwise), is possible, is attested by the manifestations of the risen Jesus, for he appeared and disappeared in the presence of his disciples; and this is not exceptional in the human THE RESURRECTION 13 experience. But a distinction is to be noted in the transmutation of that physical body which was laid in the tomb. That the physical, when wholly purified, or "redeemed from corruption,"^ may be transmuted into the psychical without undergoing the common experience, is af- firmed in the case of Elijah and of Enoch — who ''walked with God and was trans- lated."^ When the sepulchre where the body of Jesus was laid was visited by the disciples it was found empty, and his manifestations from the unseen began at once. That these manifestations, (of which ten are mentioned in the scriptures) , were usually brief, may be inferred from the record; but on several specified occa- sions they appear to have been prolonged; as when Jesus aimed to establish in the minds of his followers his personal identi- fication and the substantial reality of his manifested form;^ likewise when mani- ^ Acts ii: 31. " 2 Kings ii: 11; Heb. xi: 5. 3 John XX : 19-20. 14 THE RESURRECTION fested on the way to Emmaus, ^ and on the shore of the lake;^ and finally when "he led them out as far as Bethany. ' ' ^ Nothing comparable, in degree, with the fullness or completeness of these manifestations from the unseen is met with elsewhere in the human experience. VII The appearance to Abraham of the three angels, who partook of food and conversed with the patriarch "^ — Sarah also being a witness — resembles the manifestation of the Christ in some features, but not as to one who had recently passed through death; while the record of that remoter experience has not the particularity of the New Testament scriptures concerning the phenomena of the resurrection. It may, however, be remarked in passing, that no * * power, " " miracle ' ' (so called) , or * * work, * ' manifested by Christ, was wholly unpre- ^ Luke xxiv: 13-36. "John xxi: j-14. ' Luke xxiv: 50. ■* Gen. xviii. THE RESURRECTION 15 cedented; for the powers manifested by the prophets, though exhibited in sub- ordinate degree, are strictly related in kind to those manifested by Jesus; and it may yet be more widely known that these phenomena are all orderly and in strict conformity with higher laws of organic being that are without variableness or shadow of turning; as are the laws of that more familiar order of nature with which the human mind is commonly occupied on the physical plane. VIII Divested of the miraculous the manifes- tations of the risen Jesus, studied in the light of related phenomena, reveal in a degree the natural constitution of that unseen world which is entered through death. A miracle could explain nothing, for it would stand unrelated to universal truth as applicable to all men; but a manifestation from the unseen projected, as it were, on the plane of the visible world i6 THE RESURRECTION in orderly form, through preternatural laws governing the requisite conditions, makes knowable by this means that which otherwise could not be known except it were thus shown. The evidence of truths of this kind rests in the scriptures on the testimony of "faithful witnesses," who report the facts simply and without argument as an actual experience attested by forms of proof with which the human mind is familiar in the order of its natural constitution. That it requires "faith" to accept this testimony on the part of others, is another matter pertaining to the religious mind: Jesus reproached his disciples for "their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they be- lieved not them which had seen him after he was risen. "^ IX Freeing the record of subsequent specu- lative conjecture — which may either deny ^ Markxvi: 14. THE RESURRECTION 17 the reality of the experience, or interpret it in terms of its own mental habit — the phenomena of the resurrection, as reported by witnesses and studied in the light of subordinate but related experiences, is discerned as a distinct revelation of an intermediate world, or state of being, intervening between the earthly and the heavenly; a substantial though unseen world into which the soul is immediately transmitted through dissolution; not by traversing space, or undergoing any change affecting the mind, but simply by freeing the psychic organism from its earthly shell or tenement — which in the common ex- perience falls back into the earth by which it was nourished. Viewed as a revelation of what is common to man at dissolution, and associated with a personality with whom the disciples had recently been in familiar intercourse as a friend with friend, the manifestation of the risen Jesus occasioned extreme joy by its demonstrating as the truth that i8 THE RESURRECTION whichrif thought of at all, was regarded as merely conjectural — namely, personal immortality. More than this, they saw in the manifestation the persistence of human life beyond the grave in the form of an organic personality fully conscious of all that is deemed precious in the earthly life. Divesting the experience of that element of the miraculous which would separate it from the life of man by isolating it as an unrelated fact pertaining to the life of Christ alone, every incidental act and circumstance of the resurrection may be studied as a revelation of truth. Viewed in this light it is no longer possible to regard that unseen world which is entered at dissolution as a bourne from which no traveler returns; for he who returned in fulfillment of the promise made to his disciples^ while he was with them in the ' John xvi: 22. THE RESURRECTION 19 flesh, has revealed not a little of the conditions of that unseen world by dis- closing the nature of the organism that inhabits it. Much is also revealed in the acts and words of the risen Jesus while thus manifesting himself; for the revelation discloses the order of mind in which the soul rises at dissolution, as still occupied with its former interests and affections, these remaining unchanged in the earlier stages of that life. Paul, discerning in the revelations accorded him after Christ's ascension into heaven, that although "Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him," nevertheless adds: — "But God hath re- vealed them unto us by his Spirit; for the Spirit search eth all things." In other words, what cannot be seen by the physical sense, or discerned by the natural percep- tions, is disclosed freely and fully to a spiritual consciousness, when that form of 20 THE RESURRECTION apprehension is developed in man. And the apostle refers to this higher, or spiritual revelation, as unstinted: — "For the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God . . . which things also we speak, not in words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth, com- paring spiritual things with spiritual."^ Nothing could be plainer than his declara- tion that this spiritual enlightenment is through a direct form of teaching by a conscious means, whieh the apostle was able to distinguish from the wisdom and operation of his own mind. XI From the nature of the testimony it may be discerned that he who "brought life and immortality to light" included in the revelation both a natural and a spiritual experience: the phenomena of the resurrec- tion attested the former, and the "m^anifes- tations of the Holy Ghost" attest the * I Cor. ii: 9-14. THE RESURRECTION 21 latter as reported in The Acts and Epistles, and in the Apocalypse of John — not to mention subsequent experiences not un- common. The truths concerning the immediate resurrection of the organic personality, at dissolution, were thus manifested to the world as of uni- versal application; for in all stages of existence Christ reveals the life and destiny of "perfect man,"^ of a perfected humanity. The manifestations made to the women, and to others not of the eleven, attest the freedom of these revelations, without regard to special channels. That Christ gave expression in two of his most moment- ous teachings, to individuals not of his chosen body of followers — to Nicodemus and to the woman of Samaria — is likewise in evidence of this "freedom of the Spirit " ; which regards only the human heart wherever and by whomsoever the gift of light is received in its original form of ^ Eph. iv: 13. 22 THE RESURRECTION communion; for the message of "good tidings of great joy" is primarily to the human consciousness. In all ages the first and most important function of revelation is to bring life and light to man ; and there is no distinction of persons, or of instrumentalities — nowhere is this more clearly shown than in the scriptures. XII Nevertheless, associated as the manifesta- tions of the resurrection were with times and seasons, with "the hour," with "place" sometimes; and as dependent on conditions the lack of which made it impossible for Jesus, on a former occasion, in Nazareth, to do there "any mighty work because of their unbelief,"^ suggests their distinct relation to favoring circum- stances. That the risen Jesus directed his disciples to "go into Galilee," unto a place that he "had appointed them,""* that ^ Mark vi: 4-5, ' Matt, xxviii: 7, 10, 16. THE RESURRECTION 23 he might there manifest himself to them, suggests that there may have been favoring conditions in a place which was familiar and associated with memories and affec- tions — what significance has it otherwise? Much importance is attached to "holy places" in the scriptures, and it is a characteristic of the human mind to identify a place with an experience through emotional associations. When it is said of the disciples, after the ascension of Christ, that "they were all with one accord in one place ";^ and again, that they "continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren";' the true Christian mystic, or believer in this conscious intercourse — who is not wholly unfamiHar with the nature of the means — would say that there was significance in this, as affording conditions that were favorable. Prayer has a direct relation to this, as an interest which unites as one ^Actsiiri. ^ Acts 1:14. 24 THE RESURRECTION several minds with sincere aspiration and expectancy: — "Where two or three are met together in my name, there am I in the midst. "^ Christ distinguished between his followers and ''the multitude"^ when refer- ring to these things as heavenly mysteries :^ while on especially sacred occasions he chose even from the twelve, three, as more nearly related to the essentials for such manifestation, or conscious communion/ XIII As an experience revealing what is common to man at dissolution the resurrec- tion of Jesus is the central truth of his *'good tidings"; and when its universal application is once clearly apprehended it will again become what it was to Paul and the immediate followers of Christ — the very heart of the Christian revelation. For this is the characteristic of the messi- * Matt, xviii : 20 ; John xiv : 22. ^ Matt, xiii : 34. sMatt. xiii: lo-ii. " Matt, xvii: 1-9. THE RESURRECTION 25 anic revelation in Christ: that *'the way, the truth, and the life " ^ were manifested to the world in the form of a personality that identifies the revelation throughout with the hum.an experience. It is not a philosophy, but an experience, and as such it addresses all orders of mind with equal power. The resurrection of Jesus was a revela- tion of truths b}^ things shown; disclosing by actual manifestation the continuance of organic life beyond the grave, the per- sistence of individual personality and all that this implies, and its final ascension into heaven. These fundamental truths were expressed in the form of personal acts and habitual modes of thought: at Emmaus they recognized Jesus *'in the breaking of bread ";^ and when mani- festing himself *'on the shore of the lake'* it is said that "no one durst ask him, Who art thou? knowing that it was the Lord";^ for on these occasions he was ^ John xiv: 6. ' Luke xxiv: 35. 3 John xxi: 12. 26 THE RESURRECTION differently manifested, being recognized through his acts and spoken words. XIV A manifestation of the psychic organism projected outwardly, as it were, from an unseen world, as a true organism, and no mere spectral form, or "shade," carries with it an implied environment in corre- spondence with that organism, which to some extent may be apprehended by the natural reason; for the manifestation implies an order of preternatural law, or psychic agency, that determines this or- ganism objectively, and admits of its being visibly projected on the plane of the known world. Thus the phenomena of the resurrection, when studied in the light of related experiences, will be found to en- large the horizon of the mind so as to include somewhat of that unseen world in the form of definite knowledge. To draw an analogy: it is quite possible THE RESURRECTION 27 in the light of science to form, in a degree, a true conception of a prehistoric past by the study of extinct organisms once related to that past; and in like manner when shown the living organism of a future or invisible world, it is possible for the mind to apprehend— from the nature of this organism and the order of mind associated with it — somewhat of its invisible environ- ment and life. This is a rational explana- tion of the act of the risen Jesus in partaking of food while thus manifested in the presence of his disciples; and the trans- mutation of the food partaken of, when he vanished from their sight, forms part of the revelation; for it suggests a similar transmutation of the physical body that was laid in the tomb. The specified loca- tion of ''the linen clothes tying, and the napkin that was wrapped about his head, not lying with the linen clothes,"^ indi- cates that these fell in their places when the body was transmuted without » John XX : 6-7. 28 THE RESURRECTION being unswathed^ — these details are sig- nificant. XV Phenomena that apparently contradict the common experience are usually deemed abnormal, supernatural, or miraculous; but to those who have witnessed these things, like the prophet for instance, they stand normal to an enlarged consciousness which apprehends them as a definite form of knowledge. By this means, from his own experience of manifestations from the unseen, the apostle Paul was enabled to affirm the return of the dead, and to dis- criminate the nature of their organism from that which is physical. For revela- tion is distinctly a form of knowledge acquired through preternatural experiences making known, by manifestation, that which the mind cannot acquire of itself; but once known, then this form of knowl- ^ John xix: 40. THE RESURRECTION 29 edge is no longer abnormal to that mind; manifestations from the unseen are then discerned as both orderly and natural — ■ though for the majority of persons they appear to stand wholly unrelated to what is commonly designated the known order of nature. Phenomena apparently as fixed as the stars in their orbits may, with the progress of mind, be found to be sub- ject to change, or transfiguration, through the operation of newly discovered laws of being which extend the order of nature far into the unseen; enlarging the appre- hension of conscious life so as to embrace somewhat of the future state, as a means of drawing the human soul onward and upward "out of the earth": this is what prophecy affirms and the new revelations are verifying. XVI While there is a spiritual, or supernatural, element in heavenly revelations forming 30 THE RESURRECTION the basis of religious belief, the channels by which this is communicated to man are not supernatural, but preternatural; and as still of the order of nature, whether of seen or unseen worlds, they may be studied without prejudice, or superstitious fear. Jesus plainly indicated this when he permitted the apostle Thomas to apply his prescribed tests to establish his belief in the reality of the manifestation; and this experience of Thomas may be considered as representative of that order of mind which cannot arrive at a belief in immor- tality except through some form of sensible attestation; some emxpirical "sign," or "token," that may constitute a basis for this belief. Thomas declared that he would not believe unless he could apply such tests as he himself deemed reliable and satis- factory.' In all honesty of mind persons of this temperamental constitution require proofs acceptable to their own mental habit. If one standing so close to the ^ John XX : 24-39. THE RESURRECTION 31 person of Jesus, and knowing so well the character of the other witnesses, declared he could not accept their testimony as to the fact, it is not surprising that there are others, the vast majority in fact, remote as to time and in their mental attitude, who are in the same dilemma, requiring evi- dence adapted to their own limitations. The demands of Thomas were not denied, and his physical tests lifted the mani- festation out of the region of mental, or emotional hallucination, by demon- strating its objective reality: the ex- perience is representative of that form of knowledge which rests on observation and experiment. XVII When Jesus "arose from the dead" he was manifested as in familiar surroundings, with his human affections still active, uniting him to his ** brethren" and to his former interests. Let us look at this, not 32 THE RESURRECTION as seen across the ages, or through the speculative mind that intervenes, but studied, as it were, at first hand by the light of witnesses invited to "handle and see"^ that it was indeed the same Jesus whom they had known and loved; who expressed his mind familiarly in the words ** Children, have ye any meat ? "^ and again, **Come and break your fast."^ vSacred is that bond of friendship manifested in such acts, and the tie that binds heart to heart — it is divine. How natural and free from all that is morbid, or abnormal to the present life, were these manifestations and spoken words of the resurrected Jesus! The conjectures of the speculative mind, as to the condition of the dead, are in marked contrast with the naturalness of the manifestation of the risen Christ standing in the midst of his followers, disclosing to their minds and hearts his undying love and fellowship, as suggested ^ Acts x: 41. ' John xxi: 5. 3 John xxi: 12. (R. V.) THE RESURRECTION 33 by the words "Then were the disciples glad when they saw the Lord."^ XVIII During the interval of the forty days Jesus was manifested as a man; not as an angel, or spirit; that is, the manifestations were of a natural state of being, on a natural plane of life: the earth was with him still, his thoughts were occupied with the things of this life — every act and utterance implies this. He makes but brief reference to the Father, to whom, he said, he had "not yet ascended."^ The teaching of the resurrection is with refer- ence to human interests; the experience appears to have been wholly natural, rather than spiritual ; and when he "opened their minds to an understanding of the scriptures "2 it was with reference to the fact that the "Christ should suffer, and ^ John XX : 20. ■ John xx: 17. sLuke xxiv: 45-47 3 34 THE RESURRECTION rise from the dead on the third day; and that repentance for the remission of sins should be preached in his name among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem: baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost"; teaching them to observe "all things whatsoever I have commanded you."' And again: "These are my words which I spake unto you while I was yet with you, that all things must be fulfilled which were written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms concerning me."^ For further spiritual teaching than that already given while he wasVith them in the earthly life "he commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father; which, saith he, ye have heard of me. For John truly baptized with water, unto repentance ; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days hence." ^ As to ' Matt, xxviii: 19-20. ' Luke xxiv: 44. 'Acts i: 4. THE RESURRECTION 35 their discernment of spiritual things, "which the Father hath put in his own power," they must wait until "after that the Holy Spirit is come upon"^ them: for, as Paul affirmed, "spiritual things are spiritually discerned . " * XIX That the revelation in Jesus is of univer- sal application may be inferred from his words to Mary, when manifesting himself at the sepulchre : — ' ' Go to my brethren, and say unto them; I ascend to my Father, and your Father; to my God, and your God." 2 He is their elder brother; they are of one family of "man"; his spiritual or divine sonship to God is to be theirs like- wise when they are "born of the Spirit. ""• He joyfully reveals to them what is their common inheritance; what is common to the life and destiny of a perfected human- ^ Acts i: 7-8. = I Cor. ii: 14. 3 John xx: 17. < John iii: 5-7. 36 THE RESURRECTION ity. In every incidental act and circum- stance of his manifestations after his disso- lution there is a revelation of truths equally applicable to his followers when they stand where he stands, even to the transmuta- tion of the purified physical. In this light nothing in the revelation is miraculous, or contrary to established order, which under like circumstances is universal. When the course of human life is thus revealed as projected into an invisible, but not less substantial world, without change of personality, or the cessation of human interests, all this may be discerned as familiar, natural, and reasonable, how- ever startling was its abrupt disclosure to the disciples. The revelation was for them and for all "good tidings of great joy"; for death was seen to be swallowed up in conscious and continuous life. Like birth, death was shown to be a parturition, a "dissolution" of the physical simply, all else remaining as before. For the world that is entered at death is revealed as THE RESURRECTION 37 related to the powers of the psychic senses quite as substantially as the physical world is related to the physical senses ; the organic manifestations of the resurrection plainly imply this : the character, including the will and affections, remaining the same; for changes in these respects are neither abrupt nor miraculous. XX It was the orderliness and familiarity of the manifestations of the resurrection, as regards all the constituents of individual personality, that occasioned joy in connec- tion with the revelation of a future state. Were the manifestations strange, unfa- miliar, or of the pattern of imaginary con- ceptions standing unrelated to the present life, as commonly fancied, they might have inspired peculiar emotions, but not those of joy. The revelation that the life once begun is unending; that individual iden- tity persists throughout all outward changes; that the present life is harmoni- 38 THE RESURRECTION ously, and sometimes consciously, related to the next world; and that the discarnate soul is still human, and natural in its affections and life; make it desirable to study this order of revelation as reasonable and profitable, and as capable of being brought to some extent within the bounds of certain knowledge. XXI Ideas of the miraculous in Christ's life may so separate his life from the life of man that Jesus is parted from his brethren. The eye should not be blinded by appear- ances: Jesus revealed the divine order as in itself it really is for everyone who follows in his footsteps with a like "faith in God."' If the path trod by Jesus were supernatural, in the sense of miraculous — raised above human possibiHty by special miracle — then Jesus could not serve as a pattern for man, for he would be separated » Mark xi: 22. THE RESURRECTION 39 from the human experience. It is this idea of the miraculous that has tended to hide from view the real scope and meaning of the manifestations of the risen Christ, as a revelation of truth disclosing the nature of the life to come. The manifestations, in addition to what has been shov/n, imply that man, in the immediate next stage of life, is still con- cerned with the completion of his earthly- tasks, as witnessed by the return of Moses and Elias in communion with Jesus; and by the risen Christ himself in his inter- course with those whom he had known on earth — with the women as well as with the eleven disciples. The passage of the soul to a heavenly realm appears to be con- ditionally connected with the completion of its earthly responsibilities, as said of those who had gone before: — "God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made per- fect."^ » Heb. xi: 39-40, 40 THE RESURRECTION XXII That no essential tie is severed by death is made evident by the revelation of the resurrected Jesus. He manifested himself first to the women; whose intuitional per- ceptions and active sympathy, which drew them to the sepulchre, may have rendered them more susceptible to the influence. He remembered the individual characteris- tics of his disciples, their weaknesses and infirmities of faith. He accorded to Thomas his prescribed tests to induce belief; he strove to establish the faith of Peter on the sure foundation of love, as the root of the divine life. His approaches were individual and sympathetic, as to Mary Magdalene, to Thomas, and to Peter; the earthly tie remained unbroken. He supped with his followers; he walked with them by the way; he conversed with them as between man and man; he came to them while engaged in their daily toil, in familiar ways recognizing their individ- THE RESURRECTION 41 ual needs. Though this conscious inter- course was at times but momentary, or of the passing hour, it nevertheless revealed, by these hints and suggestions, the per- sistence, in a future state, of all that is deemed most precious in the earthly life, as to the natural affections not less than in spiritual aspiration. XXIII While the physical is ceaselessly under- going change, and the human organism is perpetually renewing itself throughout all its stages of growth and development, nevertheless there is a certain apparent permanency of form and feature by which outward personality is identified in the earthly life. But the appearance of the psychic personality, as revealed in the manifestations of the resurrection, is not confined Vithin these limitations. Condi- tioned in a more sublimated form of substance the ''spiritual body"^ responds ' I Cor. XV : 44. 42 THE RESURRECTION more freely to the will and the mental moods. The variableness of the form of the risen Jesus is variously attested in the scriptures, and previous to that occasion when he manifested himself for the special benefit of Thomas. That Mary did not at first recognize the risen Christ at the sepul- chre, mistaking him for "the gardener,"^ may have been due to the obscurity of the early dawn; the single expression, *'Mary!" awakening within her heart a recognition of the Master. But to the two disciples on the way to Emmaus, in the afternoon of the same day, Jesus mani- fested himself in a form that was plainly not recognizable, for it is said that he appeared to themas *'a stranger." It was not till he sat at meat with them, when "the day was far spent," that "their eyes were opened, and they knew him; and he vanished out of their sight. ""^ Referring to this occasion the scripture says, "He was manifested in another form unto two * John XX : 15. ^ Luke xxiv: 18. THE resurrection; 43 of them, as they walked, on their way into the country."^ Thus these two disciples, one of whom was an intimate follower of Jesus, saw in the resurrected form of the Master nothing to identify him as one whom they had known and loved, so far as the external features of his person were concerned. It was when their spiritual perceptions were "opened" that they recognized him, then they recalled how his conversation had caused their hearts to "burn within them as he spake with them by the way."^ XXIV When, therefore, he manifested himself to his followers with the intent of identify- ing himself as the same Jesus who had died on the cross, disclosing to them the wounds inflicted upon his person, it is not to be inferred that these marks were per- manent in the resurrection body ; they were dependent on his will and purpose; if he » Mark xvi: 12. ■ Luke xxiv: 32. 44 THE RESURRECTION willed his body to bear these marks they were sensibly present; and if he willed the manifestation of himself to be outwardly "in another form" the appearance was directly responsive to his mood of mind. With the comparative rigidity of a physi- cally conditioned organism, as known to this world, this seems magical and per- haps" confusing — as to the identification of outward personality. But it is not so to the psychic perceptions; for in purely psychical conditions the response of out- ward feature to the inward mental mood is far more mobile in reflecting thought. And this is one of the truths disclosed by the varied character of the manifestations of the forty days, revealing a larger freedom of the mind over its environment by virtue of the superior conditions in which the soul rises at dissolution. XXV Had there been an abrupt termination of the earthly life of Jesus, and an im- THE RESURRECTION 45 mediate "ascension into heaven" without these manifestations from the intermedi- ate state, there would have been no reve- lation of human destiny in the sense of bringing to light the path of the soul's progress in passing from the earthly to the heavenly states of being — a knowledge of which is profitable for inducing belief in personal immortality. And instead of a religion based on the revelation of "life and immortality," the teaching of the Christ, had Jesus not thus manifested himself from the unseen, would have been simply a contribution to the teaching of the prophets, and doubtless would have been classed as such. How otherwise could there have been any knowledge formed of that heavenly personality desig- nated "the Holy Ghost" — which the scripture says "was not yet given, because Jesus was not yet glorified"' — except for the revelation of that living personality which, at the close of this intervening I John vii : 39. 46 THE RESURRECTION period, was symbolically manifested as "ascending into heaven when a cloud received him out of their sight"?' For, until spiritually discerned, spiritual truths are conveyed to the natural mind through symbols; and by ascending through space Jesus figuratively implied his spiritual "ascension" through the heavens "to the Father." XXVI That this spiritual or heavenly person- ality of the Christ should receive recogni- tion and be serviceable to man, it was necessary that Jesus should first manifest himself naturally from the intermediate state; in order to demonstrate to the natural mind that it was to be "this same Jesus" who should "so come in like manner as ye beheld him going into heaven"^ when returning in the power and personality of the Paraclete, or Comforter.^ » Acts i: 9. 2 Acts i: li. (R. V.) 3 2 Cor. iii: 17. THE RESURRECTION 47 Manifesting himself, therefore, first in a form and order of thought with which his followers were already familiar, the risen Jesus gradually led them on to form a more inward and spiritual apprehension of his true personality and unseen presence. How otherwise could it have been known that he still lived and had them in his care? having "passed into the heavens'*^ with a full consciousness of his earthly life, carry- ing these memories and affections with him into the Father's unveiled presence — as figuratively implied? To repeat: it was essential for a knowl- edge of the heavenly Christ, and of his mode of operation — sometimes by personal manifestation and verbal communion, as made to Paul and John — that his later spiritual ministrations as "the Comforter'* should have been preceded by the experi- ence and phenomena of the resurrection as reported in the Gospels; revealing the persistence, in a future state, of the human »Heb. iv: 14. 48 THE RESURRECTION personality of the Christ, and his final ascension into heaven. For it is through that heavenly human personality of the glorified Christ, filled with the Spirit of God, that the Divine Presence is brought to the consciousness of men, enabling them to distinguish that spiritual or divine in- fluence from the operation of their own minds. XXVII Let us pause to consider what was the original attitude of mind on the part of the disciples toward these revelations and manifestations from the unseen. In the ordinary sense it was not religious; the disciples were all Israelites and followed that order of worship and belief. The association of this new and momentous experience with doctrinal beliefs was an afterthought, a subsequent development. The disciples, including Jesus, were all laymen; the whole experience was in a THE RESURRECTION 49 sense laic — that is, standing wholly apart from temple, priest, or doctrinal beliefs. There was no religious authority whatever associated with the experience beyond that derived from the sanction of a spiritual consciousness in the hearts of the followers of Jesus. Institutional religion was set against it: it was simply a question of life and light addressing the mind in a fuller sense than had ever been experienced or conceived before. Its subsequent religious association, as commonly understood, has had a tendency to veil it in part with doctrinal conceptions born of systematic forms of thought and of institutional ideas; by this means the experience gradually acquired an authoritative status that originally was denied it by the institu- tional mind. XXVIII The prophet necessarily must have no other sanction, or authority, in the form of 4 50 THE RESURRECTION credential, than the "power" of his de- liverance:^ any association of human or ecclesiastical authority with this would subvert its dependence on a divine inspira- tion; this explains the fact that the proph- ets were almost invariably laymen. The institutional mind, as such, is concerned with maintaining and developing an institu- tional past; with reference to public wor- ship, the ministering of sacraments, and the preservation and interpretation of what Paul terms "the oracles of God."^ Its attitude is naturally hostile toward any new form of revelation:^ and this doubtless is a reasonable and consistent attitude; not as applicable to the individual, but adapted to the maintenance of institutional func- tions and forms, and for guarding against error, or imposture. Before a new truth of revelation can be taken up and incorporated with institutional religion it must have experienced the test of time in its appeal "^ Jeremiah xxiii: 28, 29. =» Rom. iii: 1-2. 5 John ix: 29. THE RESURRECTION 5 1 to the spiritual consciousness. There is a reason therefore why, in the initial experi- ences, revelation and conscious communion with the unseen should not be identified with human sanctions, or ecclesiastical authority. The apostle Paul specifies weak and despised instrumentalities as divinely chosen for this purpose; that the power may be known to be of God, and not of men.^ XXIX And with regard to the experiences affirming the resurrection of Jesus, this is the characteristic of the original witnesses — they were exclusively religious laymen, and of both sexes; they were not of "the wise and prudent"^ in any intellectual or philosophical sense. The initial manifesta- tions of the risen Christ were made to the women, who were the first to herald his * I Cor. i: 26-30; 2 Cor. iv: 7. * Matt, xi: 25; Luke x: 21. 52 THE RESURRECTION resurrection:^ this is significant; as is also the fact that the initial manifestation was to Mary of Magdala; and not to the apostles, or to the one who stood nearest to Jesus. It is necessary to divest the actual experience of subsequent overlying concep- tions and associations — to see it, as it were, at first hand, in the light of plain-minded "witnesses" whose report is wholly free from philosophical conjecture — to discern in the phenomena of the resurrection a revelation of truth in the form of an actual experience on the plane of nature. During the interval between his resurrection and ascension the character of the manifesta- tions all indicate that Jesus was still in a natural state of being ; there was no sug- gestion of heavenly things. He aimed to impress his followers, both men and women, with the truth that he was not parted from them by dissolution. By his sudden ap- pearance, and disappearance, when mani- '^ John xx: 17, 18. THE RESURRECTION 53 festing himself, he gradually accustomed them to think of him as present, though invisible; and by his words to Thomas, and to Peter, as cognizant of their individ- ual thoughts and needs. Thenceforth his invisible presence was not less real to them than were these phenomenal manifesta- tions. A distinct step had been taken by this means for giving substantial reality to spiritual conceptions ; which otherwise must be vague, conjectural, and ineffective. It was no abstract emotion that the risen Jesus sought to awaken in the heart of Peter by his thrice repeated question "Lovest thou me?"^ but a concrete love and devotion to that living personality revealed to him as ''the Christ of God." And when the approach was no longer from without, through the physical sense, as Paul discerned of the heavenly Christ — when "known no more after the flesh"* — then the conception formed of that heav- enly and divine presence, "the Son of man ^ John xxi: 15-17. ' 2 Cor. v: 16. 54 THE RESURRECTION in heaven," passes from a natural to a spiritual order of discernment ; which is not less real, to say the least, when "spiritual things are spiritually discerned."^ XXX The phenomena of the resurrection, and those which followed after the ascension of Jesus, enable the mind to mark a distinction between the psychical and the spiritual in manifestations from the unseen. By con- founding psychical with spiritual things erroneous views are formed that engender misconceptions and superstitions. All psychic phenomena are essentially organic ; they pertain to an order of nature, whether of seen or unseen worlds. They are there- fore not in themselves more sacred than are physical phenomena; to the devout mind all things are sacred when rightly viewed. That which is psychic, as to forces and phenomena, pertains to an ' I Cor. ii: 14. THE RESURRECTION 55 invisible realm, or world, or state of being, wherein all things are outwardly condi- tioned in a form of substance corresponding to psychic organisms, or "spiritual bodies," as Paul terms them;^ and are governed by laws that are preternatural, but not super- natural. Beyond this order of nature, pertaining to a physically-invisible psychic state, that alone is spiritual which is divine. Truly spiritual phenomena, there- fore, are psychic manifestations informed with divinity itself — such are the "mani- festations of the Holy Ghost"; and these followed after the ascension of Christ into heaven. XXXI The order, or form of revelation, is equally important and essential in all its stages, and the manifestations of the forty days cannot be dispensed with if the mind of the believer would pass intelligently ' I Cor. XV : 44. 56 THE RESURRECTION from the dispensation of the historic Christ, to the ministrations of the Paraclete, or heavenly Christ.^ As in the creation and perfecting of man there is a manifest order impHed in the words "First the natural; afterward, then that which is spiritual";^ so do the manifestations of the resurrec- tion, as reported in the Gospels, stand in relation to those which followed after the ascension of Jesus. In both experiences the phenomenal has its place in supplying the initial impulse, or data, for the develop- ment of a spiritual consciousness, as in the experience of Paul in the way. Were there no revelation by manifestation and pro- phecy there could be no substantial basis for spiritual conceptions : and if this means of enlightenment be ruled out of the re- ligious consciousness through unbelief; or relegated wholly to the past as miraculous ; or as merely mythical tradition, or hallu- cination; then that spiritual development, ^ John vil: 39; Hcb. xii: 25; 2 Cor. iii: 17. » I Cor. XV : 46. THE RESURRECTION 57 which was so marked in the experience of the immediate followers of Christ, must either come to an end, or forever remain stationary; notwithstanding the promise that the Paraclete would "guide into all truth and reveal the things to come."^ XXXII To conclude, therefore: while there is a spiritual view of "resurrection," implying the soul's rising "from death unto life"' through the quickening power of the Spirit, there is likewise a natural view, as shown in the Gospel narrative, revealing the resurrection of the organic personality ; both experiences have their place in the revelation of Jesus Christ. As regards the former, the spiritual view, Jesus said, "I am the resurrection and the life; he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live; and whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die."^ Life and ^ John xvi: 13. ^ John v: 24. 3 John xi: 25-26. 58 THE RESURRECTION death are herein referred to as a subjective experience, with reference to the presence or absence of the divine Spirit in the con- sciousness of man. This distinction is Hke- wise indicated in the teaching of Paul: — "For ye are dead, and your Hfe is hid with Christ in God."' The apostle also refers to Christ himself as "Declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead."^ But these spiritual concep- tions are not intended as a substitute for that resurrection of the organic personality attested in the Gospels; they are super- added to that experience; being based upon it, by analogy, as the rising of the soul into a higher order of life by the quickening power of the indwelling Spirit, when the heart has been opened to that divine influence. There is therefore both a natural and a spiritual view of resurrection, and both views are equally true, and equally adapted ' Col. iii: 3. ' Rom. i: 4. THE RESURRECTION 59 to human need. Spiritually " the king- dom of heaven, " as taught by Christ, is a state of life wherein the human is united to the divine through oneness of will and spirit — whether in the earthly life or in a future state. Nevertheless there is a heaven of the angels, a celestial paradise,^ which is not less real and substantial, to say the least, than is the present world to the natural consciousness. And while, on the natural plane, the words of Jesus, as to his being "lifted up above the earth," are interpreted as "signifying by what death he should die";^ on the spiritual plane they have another and even deeper signifi- cance, as referring to the ascension of the living Christ into heaven: — Jesus said: "And I, if I be lifted up from [R. V. marg. 'out of] the earth, will draw all men unto me."3 He who died on the cross and was laid in the tomb, rose again after a brief interval, * Luke xxiii: 43. ^ John xii: 33. 3 John xii: 32. 6o THE RESURRECTION manifesting himself to his followers. And at the end of forty days "He led them oat as far as Bethany,"^ to Mount Olivet, which is near to Jerusalem, a sabbath day's journey. . . . "And while they be- held, he was taken up, and a cloud received him out of their sight. And while they looked steadfastly toward heaven as he went up, behold, two men stood by them in shining raiment ; which also said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye here gazing up into heaven? This same Jesus, who is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven."^ The disciples, both men and women, were thus made "witnesses" by manifesta- tions of the risen and ascended Christ; attesting the fulfillment of the promise of a Paraclete, or Comforter, as a heavenly personality with whom henceforth they, and all succeeding disciples to the end of the world, were to be brought, at times, in ' Luke xxiv: 50-51. * Acts i: 9-12, THE RESURRECTION 6i conscious communion; and in no other way could this momentous truth have been conveyed to the human mind as a reality, than through this experience of the resurrection and ascension of Jesus as nar- rated in the Gospels. In the absence of that objective experience the immortality of man must have remained a matter of speculative conjecture; as it still is when viewed in the light of philosophy, apart from a revelation of the truth. PART II THE COMFORTER, OR SPIRIT OF TRUTH 63 THE COMFORTER, OR SPIRIT OF TRUTH Jesus said: — "I will pray the Father and he will give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you forever; even the Spirit of truth: whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him, for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you. I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you. . . . He that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him, and will manifest myself to him. . . . These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you. But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance whatsoever things I have said unto you. ... Ye have heard how I said unto you, I go away, and come again unto you. . . . And now I have told you before it comes to pass, that when it is come to pass, ye might believe. ... It is expedient for you that I go away; for if I go not away the Comforter will not come unto you. ... I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now. Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he shall guide you into all truth. . . . He shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will show you things to come. ... He shall glorify me; for he shall take of mine, and shall show it unto you. . . . I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man can take from you." — John xiv, XV, and xvi. THE COMFORTER, OR SPIRIT OF TRUTH MANIFESTATIONS OF THE COMFORTER Before treating of the phenomena designated "manifestations of the Holy- Ghost," it may be well to recapitulate briefly- the experiences that preceded this later revelation. Having died on the cross, Jesus rose again; and for the space of forty. days was manifested, at intervals, not as an angel, or spirit, but as a man; that is, in a natural state of being. His words (John xx: 17) imply that he had "not yet ascended" into heaven. There was nothing in the manifes- tation to indicate that a spiritual change had taken place through dissolution. He s 65 66 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH rose again with the same personality ; with the same mind as to its interests and affec- tions; and apparently with the same body, bearing at first the recognizable marks that served to identify him as the same Jesus who was crucified. In the earlier manifesta- tions these characteristics were observable, and they served for his outward identifica- tion. But associated with these familiar fea- tures of his person were certain powers peculiar to the change that was wrought by death; the risen Jesus could render his person visible and palpable, or invisible and impalpable, at will; while the form itself was variously manifested, according to his purpose. He emerged, as it were, from the unseen in the presence of witnesses, "the doors being shut, " and vanished from their sight; revealing by these changes a control over the elements in which his organic personality was outwardly condi- tioned. Nevertheless tHere was in the manifesta- THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 67 tion no indication that Jesus had risen, through dissolution, above a natural state of being; there was no radiancy, or "glory," associated with the phenomena. Con- trasted with the dazzling splendor of his subsequent manifestation to Paul in the way, ^ or with the radiancy of angelic beings as elsewhere described,^ the manifestations of the forty days' interval between his death and ascension into heaven were earthly in character and, on more than one occasion, physical in form; preternatural, but not supernatural — not spiritual, as this term is rightly discriminated. Jesus himself directed the minds of his disciples to this fact when he said, "Handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have. ' ' ^ The phenomena of the resurrection seem to indicate that the purpose of the risen Christ, during the interval between his death and his ascension into heaven, was » Acts xxvi: 13, 14. ' Rev. i: 16. 3 Luke xxiv : 39. 68 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH to reveal, by his manifestations from the unseen, personal immortality and the natural conditions of the after-life; to disclose, incidentally, to the minds of his followers the substantial reality of that invisible intermediate world, or state of be- ing, between the earthly and the heavenly. During this period there were no further spiritual teachings given to his followers; the abnormal character of the manifesta- tion doubtless precluded this; for as physi- cal manifestations from the unseen the phenomena were, strictly speaking, normal to neither world. Their purpose has been sufficiently indicated as the revelation of a state of being intervening between dissolu- tion and the soul's ascension into heaven. II We come now to the consideration of that personality which, at the end of the forty days, "ascended into heaven." Existence, as applied to being, is in- THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 69 separable from personality of some kind. In the mind of Christ this is strikingly- manifest in contradistinction to abstract ideas that conceive of the Deity as an impersonal "power which makes' for right- eousness " ; but every reference Jesus made to his "Father in heaven" implied a per- sonal Being whose attributes were re- flected in himself. The revelation of the resurrection and ascension of Jesus discloses the persistence of the human personality throughout all worlds. There is likewise revealed by this means a further distinction of natural and spiritual personalities, resting in a distinc- tion of soul and spirit. These terms are often used indiscriminately, as if desig- nating a single fundamental principle, or essence in the constitution of man. But the teaching of scripture affirms that "the word of the Lord parteth asunder soul and spirit":^ that is, the revelation of a spirit- ual or divine essence shows the soul to be ^ Heb. iv: 12. 70 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH exterior to this as a fundamental human principle. Ill Natural and spiritual personalities are commonly designated "man " and "angel " : man is outwardly organized in physical conditions; while an angel, or spirit, is outwardly organized in psychical condi- tions; both these series of conditions, though utterly unlike, are "material" in substance, and are therefore of the order of nature in their respective worlds, or spheres, as may be discerned in the light of revelation. It has been held by many that man was originally created a spiritual being, that he fell from that divine estate, and that a spiritual principle slumbers in the soul awaiting its reawakening to life. But a clearer discernment of the symbols of revelation marks the distinction of soul and Spirit as standing for the human and the THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 71 divine; and that the former is created with a capacity for the reception of the divine when man is "born of the Spirit,"^ or "born of God." For the process of crea- tion is an act of becoming: — *'To as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God";^ and this dis- tinction is further marked in the teaching of Paul respecting the order of creation : — "First the natural; afterward, then that which is spiritual; the first man is of the earth, earthy; the second man is from heaven : and as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly."^ This distinction, of natural and spiritual personalities, is essential to a proper under- standing of what follows: for the natural personality is fundamentally psychic, or human; but the spiritual personality is fundamentally spiritual, or divine : even as implied when Jesus prayed to the Father, ' John iii: 2-9. » John i: 12-14. 3 I Cor. XV : 46-49. 72 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH when about to die, "Glorify thou me with thine own self."^ IV To mark the distinction of natural and spiritual personalities in the Christ, as "Son of man" and "Holy Ghost," it may be well to recall some of the characteristics of the former. Jesus was loved as a teacher long before his disciples were convinced that he was their Lord, the Son of God.^ He abode with them in human fellowship, "going in and out among them" in daily intercourse. As friend with friend one "leaned upon his bosom while they sat at meat";^ he wept with his friends who mourned, "* and opened to them "the mys- teries of the kingdom of heaven"^ — some- times in a phenomenal way.^ He taught his followers how to commune with God,^ ^ John xvii: 5. " Luke xxii: 70-71. 3 John xiii: 23. < John xi: 35. s Matt, xiii: ii. ^ Luke ix: 28-37. 'Matt, vi: 7-13. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 73 and revealed to them the nature of the heavenly life by parables the meaning of which they discerned at a later day.^ They felt that in him God drew nigh to them ; that the divine was actually present in him: they who discerned this perceived in his words and acts a revelation of the Father. He was thus for them a Comforter, as to his natural personality, disclosing to their minds and hearts ''the way, the truth, and the life";^ and when about to die, he said: — "I will pray the Father, and he will give you another Comforter . . . that he may abide with you forever."* By his ascension into heaven in bodily form, as manifested to his followers in a symbol at the end of the forty days, Jesus disclosed to their minds the truth that even in that final, or celestial state, the human invests the divine in the form of a ^ Matt. xiii. ' John xiv: 6. 3 John xiv: 16-18. 74 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH Spiritual personality, otherwise unknowable had it not been thus manifested ; from this the inference may be drawn that there is, in that celestial state, a corresponding outward environment transcendent to earthly conceptions yet nevertheless capable of being spiritually discerned — as affirmed by Paul.' With reference to his heavenly manifestations Jesus said, "The Son of Man shall come in his own glory, and in his Father's";^ that is, the manifes- tation will be both psychic and spiritual, both human and divine. For a manifesta- tion of the divine Spirit, "whom no man hath seen, nor can see,"^ is impossible of apprehension by the earthly mind except through this psychic means, "the Son of man in heaven"; and this also is implied in the words: "No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son . . . he hath revealed him."^ ^ 2 Cor. xii: 2-4; i Cor. ii: 9-10. ^ Luke ix: 26. 3 j Tim. vi: 16. 4 John i: iS. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 75 VI The heavenly manifestations of the Christ differ from the manifestations of the "forty days" inasmuch as their outward form is psychic, never addressing the phy- sical sense: that is, when the manifesta- tion is personal. But there are varieties of phenomena, originally classed as "mani- festations of the Holy Ghost," which proceed from a heavenl}^ source through out- ward instrumentalities that are cognizable by the physical sense; but these are not personal, they are "signs" and "tokens" of spiritual things; of such a nature were the initial phenomena by that means, as thus described: — "And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place. And suddenly there came a sound from heaven, as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where the}^ were sitting. And there appeared unto them cloven tongues of flame, like as of fire, and it sat upon each of 76 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH them. And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utter- ance."^ VII It is noticeable in the scriptures that all reference to "manifestations of the Holy Ghost," as distinguished from spiritual communion in the heart and in the con- science, is associated with phenomena capable of being sensibly cognized; either as an instrumentality, or by its outward effects; the following may serve for illus- tration: — "Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God they sent unto them Peter and John ; who, when they were come down, prayed with them, that they might receive the Holy Ghost (for as yet he was fallen upon none of them; only they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus). Then they laid their hands on ^ Acts ii: 1-5. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 77 them, and they received the Holy Ghost "^ — elsewhere indicated by "speaking with tongues, and prophesy ings." This implies something superadded to their reception of "the word of God," which is spiritual; something addressing the outer consciousness, even as its com- munication was outward — through "the laying on of hands." The declaration that thereupon "they received the Holy Ghost" was grounded in some sensible form of evidence apparent to the observers.^ A purely spiritual influence is not thus manifested, but is a matter of the inward experience. What these believers received by these means was something added, ab extra, to what may be conceived as purely spiritual; for the latter is not tactually conveyable, but concerns the heart of the believer — as distinguished b}^ Paul in the thirteenth chapter of ist Corinthians, 1-4. This tactual means is for the conveyance ^ Acts viii: 14-18. ' Acts viii: 18-19, and x: 44-47. 78 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH of psychic "power" as a channel for the spiritual; and is commonly employed in the earlier stages of this intercourse, among mystics, as an initial act when two or three are met together for this communion. VIII What originally was designated "the power," in modern terms has been variously designated magnetism, mesmerism, hypno- tism, etc. — which terms explain nothing, but serve merely to indicate various out- ward phases of a psychic force, not in the least degree spiritual. There is a distinc- tion to be noted, however, in the study of these psychic phenomena, as to whether they are regarded simply as abnormal forces or effects ; or , in their higher forms, as a means susceptible of being developed as an instrumentality for conscious commun- ion with the unseen. This distinction was clearly indicated by Paul, in discriminating "spiritual gifts," when he said that he THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 79 would "rather speak five words with the understanding, than ten thousand words in a tongue. . . . Tongues," he said, "are for a sign, not to them which believe, but to them that believe not ; but prophesy- ing serveth not for them that believe not, but for them which believe."^ The apostle eventually discerned the various nature of these psychic phenomena as instrumentali- ties ; as a possible channel for higher things ; and among his followers he undertook to regulate their service in the light of reason, as a means for "revelations" and spiritual teachings designated ' ' prophesyings ' ' ; emanating from the unseen through con- scious communion. IX It may be well to define, in the light of the later revelation, what is the significance of "prophecy"; as there is a distinction to be noted in the scriptural uses of this * I Cor. xiv: 19-22. 8o THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH term. Prophecy, in the sense of prediction, is but incidental to its larger meaning as inspirational teachings from a heavenly source, often verbally communicated. In the Old Testament the prediction of events by prophecy was with reference to their fulfillment in time; in the New Testa- ment the promised revelation of "the things to come," the function of the Com- forter, is strictly with reference to the spiritual life, or "kingdom of Heaven." Prophesyings, therefore, are inspirational teachings by a conscious means of inter- course with the unseen, designated in the Apostles* Creed "the communion of saints" — the spiritual-minded who have passed into the heavens. Through this order of communion, when under a heav- enly inspiration, the spiritual consciousness is specifically enlightened, according to the promise of Jesus concerning the Comforter ; namely, that "He will guide into all truth and reveal the things to come";^ for these ^ John xvi: 13. THE SPIRIT OP TRUTH Bt communings, when proceeding from a heavenly source, are all under that minis- tration. • A spiritual consciousness is not developed arbitrarily, or miraculously; it is a matter of gradual enlightenment; and is greatly aided by this conscious spiritual commun- ion and the study of the scriptures: for as enlightenment on the natural plane is dependent on the acquisition of knowledge, so is spiritual enlightenment dependent on revelation and prophecy, as supplying the data for this development, especially in its initial stages; the coming of the Messiah implies this necessity, * * That they might have life, and have it more abun- dantly."^ While discriminating herein the phe- nomenal side of revelation and prophecy — disclosed by manifestations bringing to ^ I John x: lo. 6 82 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH light by an external means, designated "power," that which could not otherwise have been known except it were thus re- vealed — these instrumentalities are never- theless all clearly distinguishable, even in their higher forms, from that purely spiritual communion which follows when, as the scripture says, "God sends forth the Spirit of his Son into 3^our hearts, crying Abba, Father."^ For there is then im- parted to the human soul that "gift of the Spirit" which establishes in the heart of the believer a direct spiritual relationship and communion between the human and the divine. But until this "day-star" arises in the heart, it is said that there is "a sure word of prophecy, of which it is well to take heed, as a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn,"^ other- wise there is little to build upon for the development of a spiritual consciousness. ' Gal. iv: 6. ' 2 Peter i: 19. THE SPIRIT OP TRUTH 83 XI The scriptures indicate that there are aids and instrumentab'ties available, under the dispensation of the heavenly Christ, that tend directly toward this spiritual enlightenment when rightly used; not as ends in themselves, but as a means, or channel for conscious heavenly commun- ion: such were those phenomena originally designated " prophesyings " and "manifes- tations of the Holy Ghost," of which the following example is given: When Paul came to Ephesus he found there a group of disciples of John the Baptist, to whom he said, "Have ye received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? And they answered him, We have not so much as heard whether there be any Holy Ghost. . . . And when Paul laid his hands on them, the Holy Ghost came on them, and they spake with tongues, and prophesied." » Here was added to that ethical teaching ' Acts xix: 1-7. 84 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH received from John, including, doubtless, a knowledge of the historic Christ, something of which these believers were hitherto in ignorance; something apparently com- municable by the touch, irrespective of any change of heart; disclosing some unseen agency, or ''power," that was recognizable by its outward effects, and discerned as available for conscious communion with the unseen through "prophesyings." The laying on of hands for communicating "the power" was followed by some form of sensible phenomena, which the apostle eventually discerned as susceptible of development; passing from an outward, to a more inward form of manifestation: ''Forasmuch as ye are zealous of spiritual gifts," he says, "seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the church." Paul advised that if one possessed an elementary gift, as of "tongues, let him pray that he may interpret, that the understanding may be fruitful." And in furtherance of this end, he adds, "When ye assemble together, if THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 85 all speak with tongues, and there come in men unlearned [in the mystery], or un- believing, will they not say that ye are mad? But if ye prophesy and there come in an unbeliever, or one ignorant [of these things], he is reproved, he is judged; the secrets of his heart are made known. "^ XII It is needless to specify what this signifies in the light of the modern experience of these psychic gifts, of which the above gives an accurate description, tempered with a wise discrimination. Paul clearly indicates that the gift was susceptible of development; passing from a lower, or elementary psychic stage, to that of a higher, or spiritual form of intelligence — *^to the edifying of the church." A careful study of these phenomena, and of Paul's attitude of mind toward them, ^ I Cor. xiv. The chapter is largely concerned with the instrumentalities of revelation and proph- ecy. 86 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH will show them to be a means of conscious communion with the unseen; whereby not only "the secrets of the heart are made known," but in their higher forms they may become, as implied in the scriptures, the channel of conscious heavenly communion. But before passing on to the higher forms it will be well to discriminate further the elementary psychic stage of these gifts ; not only of "tongues" — which are often incoherent, though sometimes actual speech in a language unknown to the one giving utterance to it — but a still more elementary form of phenomena is mentioned by Paul, as "things without life giving forth sounds";^ which the apostle regarded as wholly unprofitable. And yet he recognizes that these elementary phenomena belong to the initial stage of a channel of conscious psychic intercourse with the unseen, dis- tinguished only by the uses made of it: something not to be accorded any sacred- ness in itself, save when employed for ' I Cor. xiv: 7. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH ^7 Spiritual, or divine, communion in response to the highest and purest' aspirations of the human heart. XIII For it is plainly implied in the scriptures that this same instrumentality, which may be divinely used, is alike available for a trifling, or unprofitable, intercourse with the unseen, when its possible higher service is not discerned; and St. John advises those believers who would avail themselves of this means of communion, to "try the spirits,"^ suggesting a certain test for determining whether they be "of God" — that is, spiritual-minded — otherwise they are "false prophets." Whatever be its claim therefore, the product of such inter- course should be judged solely by its in- trinsic character and inward spirit, for determining its true source and merit; as when Paul says, ''Know ye not that we shall judge angels?"^ In short, the product ' I John iv: i. 5 i Cor. vi: 3. 88 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH ^ should be discriminated by that same enlightened judgment which determined what was spiritually inspired, from what was apocryphal, in forming the canon of New Testament scriptures. XIV A growing intelligence in the light of the modern experience of these gifts, discerning their lower and higher service, will result in their proper discrimination, distinguish- ing clearly the psychical from the spiritual. Paul refers to * * the abundance of the revela- tions"^ that were given him, and. to the variety of his "gifts" — in reply to those who regarded these things as the credentials of apostleship; but he himself did not so regard them; the " sanctification of the Spirit"^ was his sole credential of authority for his teaching, and it is the only real authority in the religious life. Whatever came to the apostle by these psychic ^ 2 Cor. xii: 7. ^ Thes. ii: 13. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 89 instrumentalities he endeavored to inter- pret in terms that would address the under- standing and assist in the development of a spiritual consciousness; if they failed in this they were as nothing. He clearly distinguishes these psychic gifts, even in their higher forms, from that "fruit of the Spirit, which is love, joy, peace, long- suffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance"^ — for these are *' manifestations of the Spirit" indeed. But originally, for designating these preternatural experiences, the term ** mani- festations of the Holy Ghost" was some- times applied indiscriminately to a variety of psychic phenomena which had the appearance of being supernatural, or mirac- ulous; and while Sts. Paul and John even- tually were able to distinguish their various sources, it is for the growing intelligence of man to discriminate these still further in the light of the modern experience. » Gal. v: 22-23. 90 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH XV _ For a clearer discernment of the true nature of these various instrumentaHties, serving as a channel for revelation and prophecy, it may be well, before passing on to the consideration of their higher phenomenal phases, to refer briefly to some other subordinate forms, as hinted in the scriptures. In The Acts is given an example of an obsession by this means; indicating the influence of a foolish, rather than evil- disposed spirit ; whose persistent reiteration, *' continued for many days,"^ annoyed, or *' troubled" Paul; who was doubtless un- certain how he should deal with a spirit affirming the truth, though unwisely; but eventually he released the maid from its influence. Later on, this apostle discerned that "the spirits of the prophets are sub- ject to the prophets ";'' that is, they do not take arbitrary possession, but respect the minds of those with whom they are in * Acts xiv: 16-19. (R. V.) ^ i Cor. xiv: 32. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 91 association, aiding and working in unison with them. Another distinction is marked in the following: — In his journey into Asia, Paul was delayed at Tyre ; ' ' and finding disciples he tarried there seven days, who said to Paul through the Spirit that he should not go up to Jerusalem.'" It is important, in this case, to discern whether the term "Spirit," as printed in the text, is rightly or wrongly capitalized ; whether it refers to the Holy Spirit, or whether it designates some inferior spirit; that it was the latter, in this case, is implied by Paul's disregard of the injunction; for by this time the apostle was able to distinguish communi- cations by this means as of various charac- ter, emanating from divers sources; and he refused to yield his judgment to their dictation. He therefore gave no heed to the command, obeying by preference the dictate of his own conscience. In short, Paul was able to distinguish between the = Ac'-s xxi: 4-15. 92 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH Spirit that prompted him to go to Jeru- salem, ^ and the spirit communing through these Tyrian disciples which commanded him not to go. Another similar instance is given in his meeting with "a certain prophet named Agabus,"^ who foretold what should befall him at Jerusalem. XVI Other phases of "the power," often communicable by the touch, were con- spicuous in the cures effected by Jesus: one who secretly touched him "with faith to be healed" by that means, withdrew from him some force, or "virtue, "^ capable of producing marked physical effects. Sometimes this was communicated by the fixed attention of the eye, reinforced by a command; as in the case of the healing of a deformed person by Peter and John: "Peter, fastening his eyes on him, with John, said. Look on us! . . . In the ^ Gal. ii: 1-2. " Acts xxi: 10-13. 3 Mark v: 30. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 93 name of Jesus of Nazareth rise up and walk. And he took him by the right hand, and lifted him up: and immediately his feet and ankle bones received strength. And he leaping up stood, and walked, and entered with them into the temple, walking, and leaping, and praising God."^ This steadfastly looking at the person to be healed, and directing him to look on them, and taking him by the hand, estab- lished conditions for the magnetic force and spiritual will-power, exercised in the Spirit of Christ, to operate in as a healing means through faith. The same instru- mentality is indicated in another curing of a cripple: ''Paul, fastening his eyes on him, and seeing that he had faith to be made whole, said in a loud voice. Stand upright on thy feet! And he leaped up, and walked. ' ' ^ The loud voice of command is often specified in such cases, as in the raising of Lazarus.^ It is said of Paul ^ Acts iii: 4-9. ^ Acts xiv: 9-1 1. 3 John xi: 43. 94 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH himself, after he had been stoned, "The people supposing him to be dead, drew him out of the city. Howbeit, as the disciples stood round about him, he rose up, and came into the city."^ This stand- ing about the person to be healed, and the union of the wills of all in prayer, as a means of drawing down "power" from above, is commonly reported of faith-cures in all ages. That this power is available in like conditions, when reinforced by a will that is free from doubt and united to higher powers, is implied in the teaching"of Jesus: "He that believeth on me, the works that I do, shall he do also."^ While this faith was still fervid, though "but as a grain of mustard seed, "^ the immediate followers of Jesus likewise exercised the same powers ; but when even- tually faith became an historic tradition, a merely doctrinal or dogmatic form of teaching and belief, it lost its virtue: for ^ Acts xiv: 19-20. "John xiv: 12. sMatt. xvii: 20. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 95 its efficacy lies in a "faith in God"^ that is individual and personal, like the faith of Jesus. Like conditions are requisite for the exercise of like powers; and in the spiritual world, not less than in the natural world, these conditions are imperative. Having indicated some of the varieties of the means, or instrumentalities, included in manifestations of ' ' the power, ' ' it re- mains to consider that which is more distinctly spiritual and personal in this conscious intercourse with the unseen through "manifestations of the Holy Ghost." xvii] Conscious verbal communion with the heavenly Christ is implied in certain passages in The Acts, as in the following: — "As they ministered to the Lord, and fasted, the Holy Ghost said, Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them."^ This indicates an * Mark xi: 22-23. ' Acts xiii: 2. 96 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH expression of the will of the Holy Ghost by a direct verbal communication, and not merely by subconsciously illumining the minds of the disciples. A similar order of verbal communication is implied by the words used in the letter of the apostles and elders, commending Paul and Barnabas to the brethren at Antioch and elsewhere — "For it seemed good to the Holy Ghost, and to us, to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things,"^ etc. This manner of speaking of the Holy Ghost as having given a conscious expression of opinion apart from the minds of the apostles — as of two that agreed — is sig- nificant; for such words could never have been used had the manifestation been a subjective blending of two minds as one through a purely spiritual influence; the words plainly imply an outward commun- ion of thought by some conscious means, through which the mind of the Paraclete was verbally expressed. (See Acts xvi : 6-7, » Acts XV : 28. THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH 97 R. v., which identifies the Holy Ghost with "the Spirit of Jesus.") XVIII Again, Paul narrates the following: — **And it came to pass, that, when I had returned to Jerusalem, and while I prayed in the temple, I fell into a trance, and saw him, saying unto me. Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem : because they will not receive thy testimony concerning me. And I said, Lord, they themselves know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee. . . . And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee forth far hence unto the Gentiles."^ And again: they brought **Paul, a prisoner, into the castle. And the night following the Lord stood by him, and said. Be of good cheer: for as thou hast testified concerning me at Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome."* ' Acts xxii: 17-21. (R. V.) 'Acts xxiii: 11. 7 98 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH Elsewhere Paul affirms : * ' The Holy Ghost testifieth unto me in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions await me"^ — here again, however, it is questionable whether the term "Holy Ghost" is correctly ap- plied. Again, the following is recorded of this apostle: — "And the Lord said unto Paul in the night, by a vision, Be not afraid, but speak, and hold not thy peace; for I am with thee, and no man shall set on thee to harm thee: for I have much people in this city."^ While of his first experience of this conscious visitation of the heavenly Christ, the manifestation being dazzling "beyond the brightness of the sun at noonday," the apostle says: — "I heard a voice speaking unto me, and saying in the Hebrew tongue, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the goad. And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest. * Acts xx: 23. (R. V.) ^ Acts xviii: 9-10. THE SPIRIT OP TRUTH 99 But rise up, and stand upon thy feet: for to this end have I appeared unto thee, to appoint thee a minister and a witness both of the things wherein thou hast seen me, and of the things wherein I will appear unto thee; delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom I send thee, to open their eyes that they may turn from darkness to light, "^ etc. There are other im- plied verbal communications from the same source: as, for example, when the institution of the Eucharist, as Paul affirmed, was imparted to this apostle, and with greater fullness than is given in the Gospels :'^ and on another occasion, when significant hints were given in reply to Paul's request for the removal of "a thorn in the flesh; to which the Lord gave answer. My grace is sufficient for thee; for my strength is made perfect in weakness."^ ^ Acts xxvi: 12-19. ^ I Cor. xi: 23-29. 3 2 Cor. xii: 7-10. 100 THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH XIX These examples of verbal communion are quoted at some length in illustration of their varied character, and of their inti- mate, personal, and specific significance with reference to Paul's actions and thoughts; even to his personal request, during the manifestation, for the removal of a physical infirmity. They are not such expressions as the imagination would have been likely to associate with a heavenly manifestation — as for instance the implied image of the ox driven by a goad: they hold, in fact, that internal evidence of truth which is seldom, or never, according to human anticipations, or imagined con- ceptions. The ministrations of the heavenly Christ are revealed in these experiences as both psychic and spiritual, as both human and divine; and he is designated a "Comforter'* because he approaches his followers Soul to soul, as well as Spirit to spirit ; humanly THE SPIRIT OF TRUTH loi as well as divinely, having passed into the heavens touched with the feeling of human infirmities/ The initial signs, as on the day of Pente- cost, were preliminary to a more spiritual and personal form of manifestation to the individual consciousness; as experienced by Stephen in the moment of his martyr- dom;^ by Paul in the way;^ by John at Patmos;"* and by Francis of Assisi and others ; these were visible and audible alone to the psychic senses of the individuals referred to. Purely spiritual manifesta- tion, as in the Beatific Vision, is Spirit to spirit ; by a transcendent means of approach that is only possible in the spiritual con- sciousness when the soul is "caught up," or temporarily freed from the veil of the flesh in a state of trance — as when Paul afiirms he was "caught up into the third heaven and heard unspeakable words, impossible to utter." ' Heb. iv: 15. * Acts viii: 56. 3 Acts ix: 3-6-