REPORT OF THE OHIO. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION ©: TO THE Seventy-Fourth General Assembly OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 0 AGA Wer % rss) Carty ; "en, . iy } yeeceneie coe mF ° . OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE Ohio Centennial Commission OFFICERS. Ol, aS UuKIT BOURNE, President) 00 SP ait Ou ON eens JOHN F. KUMLER, Ist Vice-President, . 3 3 : F , TOLEDO Dr. WILLIAM A. BELT, 2nd Vice-President, ; : ‘ Pony KENTON LEM P. HARRIS, Secretary, ; ; ; ; : ; ; TOLEDO j. L. HAMPTON, Sergeant-at-Arms, : ‘ : ; (CoLUMBUS MEMBERS. Cor. JAs. T. K1,BouRNE, 12th Dist., Columbus. W. H. STEwart, Ist Dist., Cincinnati. M. H. Donanus, 11th Dist., New Lexington, M. A. McGuire, 2nd Dist., Cincinnati. Gxo. B. Curis?ran, 18th Dist., Marion. N. P. RAMSEY, 3rd Dist., Dayton. C. E. McBrIpE, 14th Dist., Mansfield. Wo. BINKLEY, 4th Dist., Sidney. B. J. MCKINNEY, 15th Dist., Marietta, Go. K. O7'1s, 5th Dist., Hicksville. T. G. DoNALDSON, 16th Dist., Scroggsfield, JOHN W. Davis, 6th Dist., Batavia. JESSE P. FoRBES, 17th Dist., Coshocton. HENRY FLESH, 7th Dist., Piqua. J. CRAIG SMITH, 18th Dist., Youngstown. Dr. W. A. BELT, 8th Dist., Kenton. Jno. M. STULL, 19th Dist., Warren. J. F. KuMuER, 9th Dist., Toledo, D. E. McLean, 20th Dist,, Cleveland, Ll J. FENTON, I0th Dist., Winchester. J. W. CONGER, 21st Dist., Cleveland. 007107 REPORT . OF THE Ohio Centennial Commission TO THE Seventy-Fourth General Assembly of Ohio. GENTLEMEN :—On the 19th day of February, 1896, by joint resolu- tion, the General Assembly of Ohio declared in favor of the proper obser- vance of the one hundreth anniversary of the admittance of Ohio into the union; a copy of which resolution is hereto attached, marked “Exhibit A.” Again on the 21st day of April, 1898, the General Assembly of Chio declared, by joint resolution, that the one hundreth anniversary of the admittance of Ohio into the union as one of the United States be observed by holding a grand Exposition, which shall be an institution of the State of Ohio, and that invitations through the public press and otherwise be extended to the other States and territories of this nation; and to the nations of the world, and to the citizens thereof, to participate in this Ex- position; a copy of which resolution is hereto attached, marked “Exhibit B.” And on the 20th day of April, 1898, the General Assembly of Ohio, in joint session, selected the city of Toledo as the place for holding said Centennial Exposition; a copy of which proceedings are hereto attached, marked “Exhibit C.” On the 25th day of April, 1898, the General Assembly of Ohio in furtherance of holding said Exposition, passed an act entitled “An act supplementing section 2515 of the revised statutes of Ohio, by adding thereto section 2515-33a and 2515-33b,” which act authorizes the common council of any city of the third grade of the first class (Toledo) to make a lease of any park or tract of land in said city, containing not more than 950 acres, to any corporation that may be authorized under the laws of Ohio for the purpose of holding said Centennial, and authorizes said coun- q 6 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. cil to issue bonds to the amount of One Hundred and Fifty Thousand Dollars ($150,000.00) ,or such amount thereof as may be necessary, the proceeds thereof to be devoted to no other purpose than the improvement. of such park or grounds so leased. Said act provides for the appoint- ment of a local commission, consisting of nine members, whose duty it should be to expend such funds for the making of said improvements; a copy of which act is hereto attached, marked “Exhibit D.” On the 26th day of April, 1898, the General Assembly of Ohio passed ~ another act, entitled “An act to provide for the appointment of a general commission and payment of the expenses thereof ;” authorizing the Gov- ernor of the State of Ohio to appoint a commission of twenty-one mem- bers, one from each congressional district of the State, and said commission ' to be so appointed, was directed by the said act to examine and acquaint itself with the grounds upon which said Exposition was to be held, the genéral plans.of their improvement—all of which should recetve the ap- proval of said commission before adoption—and to inspect from time to time such improvements, make suggestions and recommendations as shall appear desirable or necessary ; obtain information as to other Expositions of like nature heretofore held or now being held; to obtain suggestions from citizens of the State as to the nature, extent and character of the Exposition which they desire to have held; to secure plans and propo- sitions pertaining to said Exposition, and recommendations and sugges- tions generally that would be of profit in determining what this State should do in forwarding said Exposition—including also invitations to other States, particularly those of the Old Northwest Territory, to par- ticipate therein—such invitations to be approved and endorsed by the Governor—and requiring that all plans, recommendations, suggestions, propositions and information obtained by said commission should be reported by it to the next General Assembly of Ohio, within ten days from the beginning of its first session; a copy of which act is hereto attached, marked “Exhibit E.” Pursuant to the authority conferred and requirements of said act, the Governor of Ohio proceeded to and did appoint a general Commission composed of one member from each Congressional District of Ohio, which commission organized as directed by said act, by selecting a president, first and second vice-presidents, and secretary, and thereupon entered upon the discharge of its duties under said act as dircted and required thereby. ~~ a Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 7 And now comes said Commission and respectfully reports as follows: In pursuance of the foregoing resolutions and enactments of the General Assembly of Ohio, and upon request of The Ohio Centennial Commission heretofore organized as aforesaid, the Governor of Ohio on - the 21st day of February, 1899, issued a proclamation announcing to the general government of the United States, to the American States, and to the various countries of the world, that the centennial anniversary of Ohio will be celebrated in the year 1902-1903, and further invited all governments and people to participate in this Centennial Exposition by making exhibits of their products of every class and by accrediting repre- sentatives ;” a copy of which proclamation and invitationis hereto attached, marked “Exhibit F.” In response to said proclamation and invitation, the Congress of the United States passed an act, entitled “An act to encourage the holding of The Ohio ‘Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition at the City of Toledo, Ohio,” in which act it was declared by Congress that it is desirable to encourage the holding of The Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition in the City of Toledo, State of Ohio, in the year 1902 or 1903, as hereafter may be determined by the General Assembly of Chio for the exposition of the resources of the United States of America, of Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines, and the progress and civiliza- tion of the American countries, and for the display of the arts, industry, manufactures and products of the soil, land and sea, and commemorate. by an appropriate and. naval display the important victory of Commodore Perry in the western waters of Lake Erie, beside which waters said expo- sition is located; and that for its historical and educational effect, there be given an exposition of the Indians of North America, and especially the tribes of the old Northwest Territory; and by. said act Congress appropriated for building purposes and for the expense of selection, pur- chase, preparation and transportation of government exhibits, and other necessary contingent expenses incidental thereto, the sum of Five Hundred Thousand ($500,000.00) Dollars; a copy of which act is hereto attached and made a part of this report, marked “Exhibit G.” On the 17th day of February, 1899, the General’ Assembly of the State of Indiana passed an act, entitled “An act to provide for the collec- tion, arrangement and display of the manufacture, arts and products of the State of Indiana at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Expo- sition, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans 8 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. for and supervise the same, and report to the next General Assembly, and declaring an emergency ;” a copy of which act is hereto attached and made a part of this report, marked “Exhibit H.” On the 12th day of April, 1899, the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, passed an act, entitled “An act to provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manufacture, arts and products of the State of Illinois at The Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Ex- position, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plang for and supervise the same, and report to the next General Assembly, and declaring an emergency ;” a copy of which act is hereto attached and made a part of this report, marked “Exhibit I.” On the 18th day of April, 1899, the Legislature of the State of Wis- consin, passed an act, entitled, “An act to provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manufacture, arts and products of the State of Wisconsin at ‘The Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Ex- ‘position, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans for and supervise the same, and report to the next Legislature ;” a copy of which act is hereto attached and made a part of this report, marked eexhibit: J.” On the 23rd day of June, 1899, the General Assembly of the Legis- lature of the State of Michigan passed an act, entitled “An act to provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manufacture, arts and products of the State of Michigan at The Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans for and supervise the same, and report to the next Legisla- ture;’’ a copy of which act is hereto attached and made a part of this ‘report, marked “Exhibit K.” In pursuance of the authority conferred upon it by the act of April 25th, 1899, above referred to and attached to this report, the common council of the City of Toledo made and executed a lease and delivered possession of the grounds belonging to said city known as Bay View Park, to a corporation duly incorporated under the laws of Ohio, under the corporate name of “The Ohio Centennial Company ;” said corporation being formed exclusively for the purpose named in said act, and providing in said lease for the improvement and beautifying thereof, and said council issued bonds to the amount of One Hundred and Fifty Thousand ($150,000.00) Dollars for the purpose of improving said park and grounds so leased according to the terms, conditions and. covenants of said lease, ae A * j y 3 SC a oe ee 4 eae Report of the Ohio Centennial Commnussion. 3) -all of which were carefully examined, inspected, considered and approved by this commission. A commission of nine members was selected as provided by said act, for the purpose of expending said fund, arising frorn the sale of said bonds, for the improvement of said park and grounds, and a contract for the improvement of said park has been made and the work of improving the same is now in progress. This commission as directed by the act creating it, in addition to the examination and approval of the selection of said site, and the inspection from time to time of its improvements, has obtained information as to other expositions of like nature held before and since its creation, has ob- tained suggestions from the citizens of the State as to the nature, extent and character of the exposition which they desire to have held; has secured plans, propositions, recommendations and suggestions generally, and in addition to the Governor’s proclamation and invitation has caused to be presented to the National Congress and the Legislatures of the sister States, especially to the Northwest Territory, the purposes and objects of the proposed Centennial Exposition, and said commission believes that it is practically the universal wish and desire of the people of the State of Ohio to commemorate by an exposition. of fitting magnitude the progress of Ohio in educational, industrial and commercial lines in its cen- tury of Statehood, exhibiting the great staples of the Northwest Territory and Ohio Valley region, which contribute so largely to domestic and inter- national commerce; that encouragement should be given to an exhibit of the arts, industries, manufactures and products illustrative of the progress and development of Ohio and other sections. of the country; that such exhibition should be international as well as national in its character, in which the people of this country, Mexico, the Central and South American governments, and other States of the world should participate. Said Exposition should illustrate the progress and development of our State in EDUCATION. ARCH AOLOGY AND HisTory. HYGIENE. SociAL AND INDUSTRIAL Economy. MINING AND METALLURGY. AGRICULTURE AND LIVE STOCK. HorTICULTURE, VITICULTURE AND PoMOLOGY. 10 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. FORESTRY. FisH, FISHERIES AND GAME. MACHINERY. ELECTRICITY. TRANSPORTATION AND CIVIL ENGINEERING. Fine Arts, SCIENCE AND LITERATURE. EDUCATION. Under this head it should be the purpose of the State to exhibit in the: fullest degree the history, development and progress of its’ educational forces, as exemplified by the various grades of its schools, to-wit : kinder- garten, common schools, high schools and the higher educational institutions—including colleges, universities, normal schools, manual training schools, polytechnic and scientific institutes, and all organizations. for research and study. The common school system of the State should be illustrated by the best specimens of its work, and nothing should be left undone go far as labor and expense are concerned, to present to the country the greatest of Ohio’s institutions—her common school system. ‘In addition there should be presented a full exhibit of the method of operation of her institutes for caring and education of the deaf and dumb, blind, and other unfortunates. ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY. The State of Ohio offers a wide field for an interesting and instructive exhibit of this department. The exhibit should be such as will illustrate the mingling of prehistoric races upon our soil, and comparative collection of archzeological relics of other States of the Union, and their ideal con- struction of prehistoric habitation illustrating life among the Mound Builders, the Indian tribes and the pioneer whites. The Department of History should be made permanent at the Ohio Exposition. One hundred years rich in achievement in every line of human endeavor, have left an immense treasure store which should be eathered under one roof—and that roof should cover a building which is of a permanent character, and one that will constitute a safe depository for historical archives and relics, for the cate of which the State has as yet made no adequate provision. Relics and records of the territorial period, the Indian period, the wars of the frontier, the Civil war, the war Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 1h with Spain, as well as all pioneer life, and the developments of the social and industrial forces of civilization scattered throughout the State in our halls and garrets, which if they could be brought together would consti- tute an exposition in themselves equal to that of any country. Several of the large associations of the State have signified their readiness to assist in the collection of such treasures, providing the State will erect a proper building. We therefore recommend that there be erected one permanent building of Ohio stone and native marble, fire proof, and well lighted, to be known as the Ohio Centennial Building, devoted to his- tory, art and literature. HYGIENE. In this department there should be exhibited all the appliances. relating to sanitation and the preservation of the public health, especially reference being had to the Hygiene of municipal corporations as illus- trated by the various methods of sewerage, filtration of water, and all forms looking to water supply and the disposal of refuse; the sanitary construction of public buildings, work shops, factories and mines, and herein can be permanently exhibited the progress made by the State in its inspection and control of food stuffs and other commodities. SOCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY, Under this head should be shown the legislation and_ statistics. relating to child labor and the protection thereof; wages and the different systems; piece work and contract, profit sharing ; documents, reports and statistics relating to concentration of industries ; combina- tion of industries; labor organizations, co-operative associations, saving and loan associations, building associations, savings banks, and plans and specifications of cheap and healthful dwellings. MINING AND METALLURGY Under this division should be shown equipments and methods for prospecting for minerals, natural oils and gases. Equipments and methods for underground transportation, equipment for handling and transporting ore; apparatus for mechanically preparing and compressing ores and mineral fuels; collection of ores and minerals, quarries, orna- mental and building stones, sands, clays and their products; gems, nat- a2 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. ural and mineral paints, oils and fuels scientifically arranged. Equip- ment for the treatment of refractory ores, treatment of, and apparatus for, the extraction and refinement of ores, and their preparation for market, and apparatus and accessories for the various processes in the manufac- ture of iron, copper, steel, zinc and lead ores into commercial form. Equipment for, and methods used, in Electric Metallurgy, and methods and apparatus for assaying. Metal working; systematic display of orna- mental metal work, together with literature, publications and statistics, maps and charts of underground topography and geology; relief maps ‘and working plans of mines. AGRICULTURE AND LIVE STOCK. The agricultural and live stock interests of the State of Ohio con- stitute one of the greatest elements of our wealth, and is the vocation and investment of hundreds of thousands of our citizens. The farming interests Of Ohio should be presented in the Expesi- tion with the greatest details and the widest range, so as to show the possibility of our agricultural resources. To this end we recommend fur- ther that the agricultural display should exhibit in the fullest degree all plans, models or systems showing scientific farming and farm equip- ments; and in connection therewith all the appliances and implements used in the preparation, clearing and cleaning of the soil; the sowing, planting, harvesting and preservation of crops, and the modern farm machinery as compared with the ancient and pioneer methods, illus- trating the progress of farming in the State of Ohio. Exhibits should also be presented relating to the scientific breeding and care of live stock, details of which can be determined later on, but should show as much as possible, plans and models of stables, sheep folds, breeding grounds and appliances for sanitation. Special arrange- ments should be had for exhibitions relating to the breeding and fatten- ing of live stock of various kinds. HORTICULTURE, VITICULTURE AND POMOLOGY. In this department should be shown a systematic exhibit of fruit trees and modes of raising; grafting and pruning trees, planting and cul- tivating them; means of combating insects and fruit diseases; planting and fertilizing appliances; and fruits—fresh, canned and dried, and 2 ae Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. 13 canned jellies, preserves, pickles and syrups; horticultural appliances especially adapted for fruit culture, ornamental trees and shrubs ; flowers of all kinds, and receptacles for same; hot houses, their building, heating, furnishing and equipment; garden and lawn architecture; the vine and its varieties, showing by living examples, cuttings and engravings. methods and appliances for planting, training and cultivating; display of grapes, raisins, wines and brandies in all varieties; diseases of vines.. and methods of checking them. Pomaceous and stone fruits, small fruits, such as berries of all kinds. Specimens of seed culture, methods of testing the vitality of seeds, and display of seeds, fruits, flowers, vege- tables and trees. FORESTRY. The larger portion of this exhibit should be given to showing the: ninety native kinds of Ohio trees, and their uses, which would include longitudinal and transverse sections of trunks of each species, showing the leaves, twigs, fruits, bark, sap-wood and heart-wood, also the grains. of fibre of each kind of samples split from the trunk, and dressed and polished samples. Also samples of wood used in construction and inter- ior finish, for manufactures of all kinds, wood used in all the arts and industries of life; for vehicles, implements, tools, handles, instruments, machinery, etc. The exhibit should show the stages of the manufac- ture, and the progressive changes from the raw material to the finished product in each case. When the finished product is too large for exhi- bition purposes, mode's could be substituted when desirable. The exhibit should also show such products as involves a complete change: in the texture or appearance of the wood, as wood pulp or paper, tannin and tanning materials. The uses and product of each kind of tree should be shown in direct connection with the samples illustrating that species of tree. Also the handling of timber and lumber and the pro- gressive changes from the old methods in vogue in the early part of the century to the present date. Wood panels; thin sections and microscopic: sections, photographs of trees and transparencies, and enlarged pictures and accounts of historic trees; native poisonous plants; native medicinal plants; fleshy fruits of the native shrubs and trees; bast and fibre plants ; edible fungi; economic fungi; decay of timber ; abnormal growths ; living: plants as ornameuts, and statistics showing such items as the area of 14 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. forests in Ohio, value of products, number of manufactures, distribution “of special species of trees and living plants as ornaments. FISH, FISHERIES AND. GAME. In this department should be shown collections of specimens of all native fishes and aquatic life; apparatus and instruments used in hatching, breeding, culture and transportation of fish; living illustrations of the development and growth of fish and their culture; fish diseases and treat— ~ ment; methods used in artificial propagation and acclimatization; angler’s apparel and outfits, and fish commerce. There should also be an exhibition of live specimens of the arithals and birds of this State, particularly such as are known and designated s “game,” together with an exhibit of hunter’s paraphernalia, and the game laws of Ohio. MACHINERY. Under this head should be shown power generators and appliances; transmission and regulation of power, machine tools, unclassified machines, ‘and a display of models, drawings and machines showing the develop— ment of machinery during the last century; charts, periodicals and lit- erature covering machinery and its \progress. ELECTRICITY. In this department should be shown apparatus illustrating the phe— nomenon and laws. of electricity and magnetism; the application and transmission of electrical power and illustration of the different uses to — which the power is applied. Electricity in surgery, dentistry and therapeutics. The progress and new applications of electricity by models and drawings. TRANSPORTATION AND CIVIL ENGINEERING. In this department should be exhibited models, plans and designs showing systems of railroad Construction and maintenance; history and statistics exemplified by exhibits illustrating progress of railways, street and special railways; road vehicles, aerial navigation, modern and water — er f° Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 15 ‘navigation; methods for preparing and testing building material, earth -and foundation work; roads, bridges, viaducts and other public highways; improvements of rivers, canals and sea ports. Engineering problems on ‘railways and other public works. Statictics, maps and publications on civil engineering. FINES ARTS, SCIENCE AND LITERATURE. In this department should be shown painting, sculpture, architecture cand art products of every kind and character; wind, stringed and self . vibrating musical instruments of all kinds, arranged in historical order; primitive, rude and strange instruments as compared with the modern instruments; history and theory of music; scientific and mathematical -apparatus and instruments; exhibits, drawings and publications illus— trating the progress in the various sciences. Books, maps, profiles and other publications with examples of typog— raphy, paper and binding, and such other exhibits as would illustrate ‘the present, past and future of American literature. Nothing in the foregoing report is to be so construed as to prevent -a re-classification of, or addition to, the various exhibits mentioned therein. In the holding of this Centennial, the women of Ohio should receive ‘due recognition. We do not believe that there should be a division of the sexes in the buildings and department work of the Exposition, but that wherever men and women are associated in the daily walks and affairs of life, as well as in the several pursuits, professions and avo- cations, they should co-operate in furthering the success of this Expo- sition. In the departments of music, art, horticulture, floriculture, science, education, reform and charities, there should be representation of women on the boards and committee. There should be a children’s building, embracing a day nursery, and kindred charities, and a modern hospital building in which the women of the Red Cross Society, the Sisters of Charity, and public and private 16 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. hospital boards may establish model training schools and make exhibits: of their facilities for the care of the sick and unfortunate. All of the character of exhibits, as herein classified, showing the advancement of progress of Ohio in educational, industrial and com— mercial lines, and which are not of a commercial character and brought | to this Exposition for the purpose of advertising special articles of man— ufacture, trade or commerce, in the opinion of this commission should be controlled and exhibited by the State of Ohio, and the General Assembly of Ohio having heretofore declared by resolution that this Exposition shall be an institution of the State of Ohio, the honor and dignity of our State demand that the State should, through its commission, not only control all of the exhibits furnished by it, but should have supervisory control of all matters and things pertaining to the holding of said Exposition. We estimate it will require an appropriation of One Million ($1,000,— 000.00) Dollars to cover the cost of procuring, preparing, transporting and caring for the exhibits to be furnished by the State and the erection of all the necessary buildings that should be built by the State. We believe it is desirable that this exposition should be held in the summer of 1902, for the reason that the St. Louis Exposition is to be held in the year 1903, and if held in the same year these expositions will materially interfere with the success of each other, and we deem it just.as appropriate to hold the Centennial in 1902 for the reason that the enabling act erecting Ohio into a State was passed in that year. We therefore recommend to the General Assembly of Ohio that it designate the year 1902 for the holding of said exposition. We submit herewith, and make a part of this report, the reports of the individual committees of the Ohio Centennial Commission, as pre— sented at the last session, viz: Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture, marked Exhibit One. Committee on Agriculture, marked Exhibit Two. Committee on Historical Exhibit, marked Exhibit Three. Committee on Educational Exhibit, mafked Exhibit Four. Committee on Inspection of Work and Progress, marked Exhibit Five. Committee on Fisheries Exhibit, marked Exhibit Six. Committee on Sanitary Exhibit, marked Exhibit Seven. Committee on Forestry Exhibit, marked Exhibit Eight. Report of the Ohio C ie Commission. Committee on Women’s Exhibit, BOs Exhibit Nine. Committee on Archeology and Ethnology, marked Exhibit Tens Cominittee on Buildings, marked Exhibit Eleven. Attest: 2 occ Respectfully submitted, JAMes KiLpourne, President. JoHn F, Kumter, rst Vice-President. WittaM A. Bet, 2nd Vice-President, WitiiaAmM H. Stewart. M. A. McGuire. N. J. RAMsEy. Geo. K. SITEs. Jno. W. Davis. Lucius J. Fenton. M. H. DonaHueE. Geo. B. CHRISTIAN. Gi Vise Budi: B. J. McKInney. J. P. Forses. J. Crate Smiru. Joun M. StTatt. “Won. BUCKLEY. HENRY FISCHER. T. G. Dona.pson, D. E. McLean, J. M. Concer, Wo. P. Harris, Secretary. 17 18 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. EXHIBIT A and B. JOINT, RESOLUTION To provide for a grand exposition for the purpose of fittingly celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the admittance of Ohio into the union as one of the United States. WuereEas, The general assembly of the State of Ohio about two years ago, to-wit, on Wednesday, February 19, 1896, adopted the fol- . lowing senate joint resolution: “WuerreEas, There is a wide-spread feeling on the part of the people ‘of this State, favorable to the proper observance of the one hundredth anniversary of the admission of Ohio into the union; and Wuereas, The century just passing covers a period wherein the pop— ulation of Ohio has increased from 45,305 in 1800, te 3,672,316 in 1890, and the wealth of the State, as shown by its assessed taxable property has multiplied from a comparatively small amount in 1800, to 1,742,500,000 dollars in 1895, and in these and many other ways exhibits the marvelous growth, development and civilization of the commonwealth; therefore, Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That there be appointed by the governor, as soon as practicable, a commission of seven suitable persons, residents of this State, whose duty it shall be to formulate plans, and devise ways and means for the due observance of the centennial of Ohio in the year 1903, and report the same to the next general assembly, in writing. Resolved, That said commission shall act without compensation, other than the actual expenses made necessary by the execution of its duties and object”; and, Wuereas, The provisions of said resolution, according to the spirit and the letter having been duly complied with, and said commission regularly appointed by the governor having fully and honorably dis— charged its duties, and submitted its report which has been made a part of the records of the 73rd general assembly, and Wuereas, There is an almost universal feeling among the citizenship of this State that the one hundredth anniversary of the admittance of Ohio into the union should be observed by holding a grand exposition, at which the onward march of our industrial and paternal institutions can be demonstrated with some degree of fullness, and in which exposi- tion the other States and nations may be invited to participate, and ae Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. {9 WuereEASs, The time has now arrived when it should be decided whether or not the one hundredth anniversary of the admittance of Ohio to the union as one of the United States shall be publicly observed either by holding an exposition or otherwise; therefore be it Resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That the one hundredth aniversary of the admittance of Ohio into the union as one of the United States, be observed by holding a grand exposition which shall be an institution of the State of Ohio, beginning on the fifteenth day of June and ending on the fifteenth day of October, A. D. 1903, at a place to be decided upon in joint session of this general assembly, and that invitations through the public press and otherwise be extended to, the other States and Territories of this nation, to the nations of the world, and to the citizens thereof, to participate in said exposition; and be it further Resolved, That this general assembly meet in joint session in the- hall of the house of representatives, on Wednesday, April 20, 1898, at 7:30 p. m., and then and there determine at what place said exposition. referred to in this resolution shall be held. Harry C. Mason, Speaker of the House of Representatives. ‘ ASAHEL W. JoneEs, President of the Senate. Adopted April 21, 1808. 20 Report of the Ohio C éntennial Commission. EXHIBIT C. RECORD OF THE JOINT SESSION OF THE SEVENTY-THIRD GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF OHIO, HELD APRIL 20, “1898, AT 7:30 O'CLOCK P. M. Pursuant to H. J. Ry No. 48—Mr. MacBroom—the Senate and House met in joint session. The President of the Senate called the joint session to order. Mr. Griffith, of Union, moved that the joint session proceed to vote for a choice of site at which to hold the Centennial celebration in 1903. Motion was agreed to. Mr. May moved that a majority of those voting shall be necessary to a choice. Motion was agreed to. The joint session then proceeded. to vote for a location for the Cen- tennial celebration. The President of the Senate directed the Clerk of the Senate to call the roll of the Senators, which resulted as follows: Toledo received twenty votes, Columbus six votes and Cleveland five ‘votes. . - The President of the Senate directed the Clerk of the House to call the roll of the House, which resulted as follows: Adams, Coshocton; Adkins, Toledo; Allen, Toledo; Armstrong, Cleveland; Ashford, Toledo ; Baldwin, Lorain ; Bartlow, Toledo; Beatty, Toledo; Bennett, Toledo ; Booth, Toledo; Bolin, Columbus; Bossard, Toledo; Bower, Toledo; Bowman, Toledo; Bramley, Cleveland; Box- will, Franklin; Breck, Cleveland; Bracken, Columbus ; Brecount, Toledo; Chapman, Toledo; Cline, Toledo; Connolly, Toledo; Cos Toledo; Cramer, Toledo; Davies, Toledo; Davis, Toledo, DeRan, Toledo; Dutton, Toledo; Gayman, Columbus; Goard, Columbus; ~ Griffith, of Union, Toledo ; Haiden, Columbus; Hazlett, Toledo; Hess, . Toledo; Heyde, Toledo; Howard, Toledo ; Hull, Toledo ; Hunter,Toledo ; Johnson, Toledo ; Jones, Cleveland; Joyce, Toledo; Kempel, Toledo; Kenney, Toledo; Lamb, Columbus; Leeper, Toledo; Love, Toledo; Ludwig, Toledo; MacBroom, Toledo; McCauley, Toledo; McCurdy, * Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 21 Troy; McKinnon, Cleveland; Magee, Toledo; Manuel, Toledo; Meacham, Toledo; Melber, Toledo; Monter, Toledo; Morrow, Toledo; Niles, Toledo ; Norris, Toledo; Otis, Cincinnati; Parker, Toledo; Payne, Columbus; Piper, Toledo; Powell, Toledo; Rankin, of Clark, Toledo; Redkey, Toledo; Reynolds, Toledo; Roberts, Cleveland; Ross, Toledo; Russell, Toledo; Rutan, Toledo; Schmieder, Toledo; Scott, Toledo; Shaw, Toledo; Smith, of Adams, Columbus ; Smalley, Toledo; Snider, Toledo ; Snyder, Cleveland ; Spellmire, Toledo ; Stewart, of Clark, Toledo; Stivers, Toledo; Strimple, Cleveland ; Swain, Toledo; Swingle, Toledo; Williams, Toledo ; Mr. Speaker, Cleveland. Toledo received 64 votes; Cleveland received 9g votes; Columbus received 8 votes; Cincinnati received 1 vote; Coshocton received 1 vote; Franklin received 1 vote; Lorain received 1 vote; Troy received 1 vote. The total vote was as follows: Toledo 84, Columbus 14, Cleveland 14, Cincinnati 1, Coshocton 1, Franklin 1, Lorain 1, Troy 1. Toledo having received a majority of all the votes cast, was declared | by the President of the Senate, the choice of the joint session, and on motion of Mr. Pugh, the selection was made unanimous. . Mr. Plummer offered the following resolution: Resolved, by the Joint Session of the 73d General Assembly of Ohio, That it is the sense of this session that the State of Ohio should not now or at any future time be obligated for any sum of money whatever for Centennial purposes other than the $400,000 already appropnated for a Judiciary Building to be erected at Celumbus, Ohio. Mr Harper moved to lay the resolution on the table. Motion was agreed to. . Mr. MacBroom offered the following preamble and_ resolution, which was unanimously adopted: WuerEas, This joint session of the Two Houses of the General Assembly, has been held in accordance with the provisions of H. J. R. No. 48; and WueEreas, The city of Ttledo has been selected as the place for hold- ing such Centennial Exposition; now therefore be it Resolved, That the clerks of the two houses of the General Assembly, respectively be, and they are hereby, directed to enter upon their respective journals a record of the proceedings of this joint session, together with a copy hereof. On motion of Mr. Riley, of the Senate, the joint session adjourned sine die. 22 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. EXHIBIT D. AN ACT Supplementing Section 2515 of the Revised Statutes of Ohio, by adding | thereto Sections 2515-33a and 2515-33b. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Oho, That Section 2515 of the Revised Statutes, as heretofore supplemented, be further supplemented by enacting Sections 2515-334 and 2515-33b to read as follows: Section 2515-33a. The Common Council of any city of the third grade of the first class shall have authority, for the term and upon the conditions hereinafter contained, to lease and deliver possession of any park or grounds belonging to such city, or so much thereof as said Com- mon Council may deem necessary or proper, to any corporation duly incorporated under the laws of the State of Ohio for the purpose only of conducting and holding thereon a public exposition designed for the education, edification and entertainment of the public, and more especially for the purpose of commemorating the important historic deeds performed in the settlement of the State of Ohio, and showing the great progress made by this state along financial, industrial, commercial and educational lines since the admission of said state into the Union. Any lease or leases, however, shall not be for a term extending beyond December 31st, 1903. Said Common Council shall not lease more than one park or tract of ground for said purpose in said city, and not more than nine hundred and fifty acres thereof. Said lease shall contain such provis- ions as to rental, terms, conditions, and as to the improvement and beau- tifying of said park or tract of land as the Common Council may deem best. Said lease shall provide as to the condition in which said park or tract of land shall be left at the expiration of said term, and shall fur- ther provide that any and all improvements of every name, nature and description made or placed upon said park or tract of land by the lessee or any sub-tenant thereof, and remaining upon the said grounds for six months after the expiration of said term, shall thereby at once become and be the property of the said city, and said lessee, or any sub-tenant thereof, shall in no way, manner or form have any estate, interest or fis in or to said park or tract of land six months after the term of said ease. Said lease, after having been approved by the Common Council, shall be executed in the name of said city by the mayor and clerk thereof. Section 2515-33b. Whenever the authorities of any city of the third grade of the first class shall lease any park or grounds belonging to Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 23 such city, as provided in Supplemental Section 2515-33a, the Common Council of any such city shall have and is hereby given authority to issue bonds not exceeding in amount the sum of one hundred and fifty thou- sand dollars, which may be sold, or so much thereof as may be deemed necessary, the proceeds of which shall be devoted to no other purpose than to the improvement of such park or grounds so leased, including the erection and construction thereon of any building or buildings, or other structure. Said bonds may be made payable at such time or times as the Common Council may direct, but not exceeding a term of fifty years, and bear such rate of interest as the Common Council may determine, not exceeding four per cent. payable annually or semi-annually. Whenever a petition signed by at least fifty citizens of any such city shall be filed with the city clerk asking that a commission be appointed, a commission consisting of nine members shall be appointed as follows, viz: One member shall be elected by the Board of Park Commissioners of such city ; three members shall be elected by the Common Council of such city, and three members thereof shall upon motion of the City Solicitor.of any such city, be appointed by the judges of the Court of Common Pleas resident of the county in which any such city is located, and upon like motion of said City Solicitor two members thereof shall be appointed by the Probate Judge of such county, the members of which commission shall all be citizens of such city, and who shall have charge of the expenditure of the proceeds of such bonds. Said commissioners shall each be required to give bond in the sum of ten thousand dollars for the faithful performance of their duties, conditioned according to law. Said commission shall meet immediately after their appointment and shall elect one of their members as president, and shall also elect a secre- tary who shall not be a member of such commission, and whose compen- sation shall be fixed by said commission. Said commission shall have full authority to employ such other additional clerical or other assistance as they may deem necessary. Said commission shall have full authority to take possession of said park and grounds and to plan and superintend the construction and erection of any and all buildings or other structures upon said park or grounds, and the making of all improvements thereon, and to fully perform on behalf of said city each and all of the obligations imposed upon said city, in accordance with the terms and provisions of the lease executed by such city. The fund realized from the sale of said bonds, or any part thereof, and also any and all moneys received from the rent of said park or grounds, or otherwise by said commission, shall be deposited in the city treasury of any such city, and shall be drawn and disbursed by said com- mission in the same manner as the park fund is drawn and disbursed by the Park Board of any such city. 24 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. - Said commissioners shall each receive the sum of twenty-five dollars per month from said fund in full compensation for their services; said salary to continue only until such time as such improvement and con- struction shall have been completed. The term of office of said commis- * sioners shall be two years from the date of their appointment, and in the event that such work is not completed the successors to said commissioners may be re-appointed for a like term in the same manner as hereinbefore provided. In the event of a vacancy for any cause in said commission such vacancy shall be filled by the same appointing ‘power as made the original appointment. ) Sec. 2. Any and all acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith are hereby declared void as to such inconsistency but not otherwise, and this. act shall take effect on its passage. i Harry C, Mason. Speaker of the House of Representatives. ASAHEL W, JONES, Passed April 25, 1808. President of the Senate. AN ACT Supplementing Section 2515 of the Revised Statutes of Ohio, by adding thereto Section 2515-33¢. Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That Section 2515 of the Revised Statutes, as heretofore supple- mented, be further supplemented by enacting Secton 2515-33c to read as follows: Sec. 2515-33c. For the purpose of paying the interest and ye of the bonds specified in Section 2515-33b as the same shall ecome due, the Common Council of said city shall levy annually upon all of the taxable property, real and personal, in said city a sum sufficient to pay the same, in addition to all other taxes authorized by law. Said bonds shall be signed by the Mayor and Auditor of such city and may be in denominations of $500,00 or $1,000.00, as the Council may order. Src. 2. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. | Harry C. MAson, Speaker of the House of Representatives. THADEUS E. CROMLEY, . President Pro Tem of the Senate. Passed April 26, 1808. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 25e EXHIBIT E. ANAC. To provide for the appointment of a Centennial Commission and pay- ment of the expenses thereof. WueErEas, House joint resolution No. 43 provided that a centennial exposition should be held in Ohio in 1903, from June 15 to October 15, and the city of Toledo was selected at the joint session of the two houses of the General Assembly as therein provided, as the place at which said: exposition should be held; and 7 WueEreas, In order that the interests of this State in said exposition may be properly recognized and its efforts in aiding in the success of said. exposition may be intelligently exercised, it will require much preliminary investigation and work in securing information and in preparing plans. in order that the General Assembly may act intelligently and effectively: in assisting to make said exposition a credit to the State, and to fully carry out the intents and purposes of this General Assembly ; now there- fore, SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of OMo,, That the Governor of the State be, and he is hereby author- ized to appoint a commission to consist of twenty-one members, one member of which commission shall be selected from each of the , congressional districts of this State, and not more tham eleven of whom shall be long to any one political party, who shall serve without pay or compensation, but whose actual and legitimate expenses shall be paid on vouchers to be approved by the governor. Said commission shall immediateiy after appointment meet at some place and time designated by the governor, and proceed to organize by electing a president and first and second vice president ; said commission shall have authority to: employ a secretary and such clerical and other assistance as may be necessary. “he duties of said commission shall consist in examining” and acquainting itself with the grounds upon which it is proposed that said exposition shall be held, and the general plans for their improvement which should receive its approval before adoption, and shall inspect from: time to time such improvements and make such suggestions and recom- mendations as shall appear desirable or necessary, and in obtaining infor- mation as to other expositions of like nature which have heretofore: been held or which are now being held and to obtain suggestions from the citizens of this State as to the nature, extent and character of the exposition which they desire to have held, and to procure plans and’ propositions pertaining to said exposition and: recommendations and 226 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. suggestions generally that would be of profit in determining what this State should do in forwarding said exposittion, including also, invitations, to other States, particularly those in the old Northwest Territory, to par-* ticipate therein, which invitations shall be approved and indorsed by the " governor; and all of which plans, recommendations, suggestions, prop- , -ositions and information said commission shall report to the next gen- ; eral assembly within ten days from the beginning of its first session. : . For the purpose of paying the expenses incurred by said commission in a the performance of its said duties to the date of its first said report there ; is hereby appropriated from the general revenue fund of the State from any money not otherwise appropriated, five thousand dollars which shall cover all expenses herein authorized, and the Auditor of State shall draw his warrants on the State Treasurer in payment of such expenses from time to time on vouchers as aforesaid, which warrants shail be paid by said treasurer out of said fund. Provided however that nothing in this act shall be construed as obligating the State for any appropriation for such centennial exposition, or in any way as expressing the sense of this general assembly, that an appropriation further than the one herein pro- vided, should be made. Sec, 2. This act shall take effect on its passage. Harry C. MASON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. ASAHEL W. JONES, President of the Senate. Passed April 26, 1808. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 27 EXHIBIT F. PROCLAMATION OF THE GOVERNOR. ‘In the name and by the authority of the State of Ohio, Executive De- partment. PROCLAMATION. On November 29th, 1802, by adoption of a Constitution, which was ‘recognized by the Congress of the United States by the act of February 19, 1803, the people of Ohio inaugurated the state and secured its admis- sion to the Union. This was the first encroachment upon the vast and rich Northwest Territory, which was instituted by the Ordinance of 1787, and which, after the war for independence, became the scene of many ‘of the most stirring events of an important historical era. The sturdy ‘and adventurous pioneers from the south and east, aided by the colonists from far New England, who at Marietta found a second Plymouth Rock in the wilderness, had laid a firm foundation upon which the structure af civilization of Ohio was reared. To the broad and fertile fields and the thriving villages which offered the hope of adequate rewards for the industry of the husbandman and an opportunity for the artisan, there came speedily a population which established the character of the gen- erations succeeding, and thus provided for the youthful state, strong, resolute and resourceful men and courageous, helpful and able women. All did their part and the advavce of public and private interests was steady and healthful. A marvellous development ensued. Agriculture ‘and commerce, manufacturing and mining found wonderful expression in Ohio, the result being that in the present day there is literally an increase of an hundred fold. The proud record thus established and the near approach of the ‘centennial period of the state inspired the people of Ohio with the desire to commemorate fittingly the epoch which would mark the end of a century’s glorious history. In recognition of this sentiment the General Assembly of Ohio, by a joint resolution, adopted April 2tst, 1898, endorsed the purpose and chose the city of Toledo as the place for an Exposition which would be illustrative of not only the progress of our citizenship, but also of the achievements of our sister states of the North- 28 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. west Territory, and all of the states of the Union. It was declared that this celebration which primarily would honor the hundredth anniversary of the beginning of our state, should be so broad in scope, ambitious in design and perfect in detail as to typify the results attained by the Amer- ican nation, and by the countries of the world in the opening years of the new century. The preliminary work in connection with the proposed centennial celebration has been wel! performed and there is promise of -complete success in the undertaking. | Therefore, pursuant to the mandate of the General Assembly of Ohio, and by request of the Ohio Centennial Commission, a body appointed under law to assist in the preparation for the Exposition, this proclama- tion is issued to announce to the General Government of the United States, to the American States, and to the various countries of the world, that the Centennial Anniversary of the State of Ohio will be celebrated in the year of 1902-3. And further it is the purpose hereby to extend a cordial invitation to all governments and peoples to participate in the Exposition by making exhibits of their products of every class and by accrediting representatives. Under the favorable auspices, which it is believed will mark the history of this project, the Ohio Centennial Expo- sition will be a worthy memorial to the triumphs of the past and an augury for even greater honor and success in the future. In, Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused the Great Seal of the State of Ohio to be affixed at Columbus the 21st day of February, in the year of our [seAL] Lord, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Ninety-nine and in the One Hundred and Twenty-third year of the Inde- pendence of the United States of America.” By the Governor. Asa S. BUSHNELL, CHARLES KINNEY, Governor of Ohio, . Secretary of Siate. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 29 INVITATION. To the Governors and General Assemblies of the States of the Northwest Territory by Governor Asa S. Bushnell, and President James Kil- bourne, of the State Commission. GENTLEMEN :—Under authority given by legislative enactment, it is proposed to celebrate in the city of Toledo during 1902-3 the one hun- dredth anniversary of the admission of the State of Ohio to the Union. The Exposition, which will be inaugurated in honor of this event, will be made as significant in character, as broad in scope and as com- plete in details as possible. The ambition is to have it represent not only the development of the State, but also of the nation and of the world. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin are sister States, | having once formed that which was the Northwest Territory—a domain unexcelled for fruition of soil and enriched with such vast natural resources, that in the present day the development of the original stands as a marvel for all mankind. The industry of the pioneers, the strength and virility of the people of all the generations that have come and gone since the Ordinance of 1787 was adopted, the honesty and good purpose _ shown, the zeal and fidelity to the common cause—all these, when applied to the blessings given by a beneficent Providence, have brought for the States of the old Northwest Territory a success beyond comparison. The General Assembly of Ohio, in recognition of the propriety of asking the younger sister states of the old Northwest Territory to join in the celebration of the centennial period of Ohio, direct in the acts authorizing a celebration and providing for the Ohio Centennial Commis- sion that a special and urgent -invitation should be sent to the govern- ment of the States of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, solicit- ing their aid and co-operation to the end that the Exposition might be made signally commemorative and illustrative of our common progress. Therefore, pursuant to this duty, it is our privilege to address you, setting forth hereby the cordial invitation to assist in this celebration of the Centennial of Ohio, and requesting an expression of good will by executive and legislative action in the way of the designation ofa suitable commission to act with the members of the Ohio Centennial Commission for the advancement of our mutual interests. We earnestly and respectfully urge upon your excellency and upon the honorable members of the General Assembly the advisability and 30 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. the necessity of such a commission to represent the State of —————, and we further solicit your kind co-operation and advice in all things pertaining to the success of the Ohio Centennial, knowing that the com- bined effort will result to the honor of all these States which were once so closely bound together. Trusting that you may find it consistent to take early and favorable action in behalf of the Ohio Centennial, we have the honor to subscribe. ourselves, with assurances of the highest respect. Your obedient servants, Asa S. BUSHNELL, Governor of Ohio, JAMES. KILBOURNE, President of the Ohio Centennial Commission. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 31 EXHIBIT G. AN; ACT To encourage the holding of the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Terri- tory Exposition at the City of Toledo, Ohio. WHEREAS, It is desirable to encourage the holding of the Ohio Cen- tennial and Northwest Territory Exposition at the City of Toledo, in the State of Ohio, in the year nineteen hundred and two or nineteen hundred and three, as the Ohio General Assembly may hereafter determine, for the exhibition of the resources of the United States of America, Hawaii, Cuba, Porto Rico, and the Phillipines, and the progress and civilization of the American countries, and for the display of the arts, industries, manu- factures, and products of the soil, mine, and sea; and Wue_rEAS, It is desirable to commemorate by an appropriate naval display the important victory of Commodore Perry in the western waters of Lake Erie, beside which waters said exposition is located; and WueErEAS, It is desirable for its historical and educational effect that there be given an exhibition of the Indians of North America, and es- pecially the tribes of the old Northwest Territory; and Wuereas, It is desirable that an exhibition shall be made of the great staples of the original Northwest Territory and Ohio Valley region, which contribute so largely to domestic and international commerce; and Wuereas, Encouragement should be given to an exhibit of the arts, industries, manufactures, and products illustrative of the progress and development of that and other sections of the country; and WHEREAS, Such exhibition should be international as well as national’ in its character, in which the people of this country, Mexico, the Central and South American governments, and other States of the world should participate, and should, therefore, have the sanction of the Congress of the United States; and Wuereas. It is desirable and will be highly beneficial to bring to- gether at such an exposition the people of the United States and other: States of this continent; and Wuereas, The Ohio Centennial Company, a corporation, has under-. taken to hold such exposition, beginning on the first day of May, nineteen hundred and two or nineteen hundred and three, and closing on the first day of November, nineteen hundred and two or nineteen hundred and three ; therefore, _Be it enacted by the, Senate and House of Representatives of the- United States of American in Congress assembled, That there shall be ex- 32 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. hibited by the Government of the United States at said Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, from the Executive Departments, the Smithsonian Institution and National Museum, the Commission of Fish and Fisheries, the Department of Labor, and the Bureau of American Republics such articles and materials as illustrate the function and ad- — ministrative faculty of the government, its resources aS a war power, and its relations to other American Republics; and, to secure a complete and harmonious arrangement of said Government exhibit, a board of man- agement shall be created, to be charged with the selection, purchase, preparation, transportation, arrangement, safe-keeping, exhibition, and return of such articles and materials as the heads of said departments and institutions of the Government may respectively decide shall be embraced in said Government exhibit. The President may also designate additional articles for exhibition. Such board shall be composed of one member to be detailed by the head of each Executive Department, one by the head of the Smithsonian Institution and National Museum, one by - the head of the United States Fish Commission, one by the Commissioner of Labor, and one by the Director of the Bureau of American Republics. The President shall name one of said persons so detailed as chairman, and the board itself shall appoint its secretary, disbursing officer, and such other officers as it may deem necessary. The members of said board of management, with other officers and employees of the Government who may be detailed to assist them, including officers of the Army and Navy, shall receive no compensation in addition to their regular salaries, but they shall be allowed their actual and necessary traveling expenses,’ together with a per diem in lieu of subsistence, to be fixed by the Secre- tary of the Treasury, while necessarily absent from their homes engaged upon the business of the board. Officers of the Army and Navy shall receive this allowance in lieu of the transportation and mileage now al- lowed by law. Any provision of law which may prohibit the detail of ‘persons in the employ of the United States to other service than that which they customarily perform shall not apply to persons detailed for duty in connection with the Chio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposi- tion. Employees of the board not otherwise employed by the Government shall be entitled to such compensation as the board may determine. The disbursing officer shall give bond in the sum of twenty thousand dollars for the faithful performance of his duties, said bond to be approved by the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary of the Treasury shall advance to said officer from time to time, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, a sum of money from the appro- priation for the government exhibit, not exceeding at any one time three-fourths of the penalty of his bond, to enable him to pay the ex- parece of said exhibit as authorized by the board of management herein created. Src, 2, That the Secretary of the Treasury shall cause a suitable building or buildings, from plans to be approved by the board of manage- > § : | ies \ Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 33° ment, to be erected on the site selected at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition for the government exhibit; and he is hereby authorized and directed to contract therefor in the same manner and under the same regulations as for other public buildings of the United States; but the contract for said building or buildings shall not exceed the sum of two hundred thousand dollars, said sum being hereby appropriated for said purpose out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated. The Secretary of the Treasury shall dispose of such building or buildings or the material composing the same after the close of the exposition, giving preference to the city of Toledo or the Ohio Centennial Company to purchase the same at an appraised value, to be ascertained in such manner as the President and Secretary of the Treasury:may determine; and whatever sum may be so realized shall be covered into the Treasury of the United States. Sec. 3. That for the purpose of paying the expenses of the selection, purchase, preparation, transportation, installation, care and return of said Government exhibit, and for the employment of proper persons as. officers and assistants by the board of management created by this act, and for their expenses, and for the maintenance of the building herein- before provided for, and for, other contingent expenses incidental to the Government exhibit, to be approved by the chairman of the board of management, or in the event of his absence or disability by such officer as the board may designate, upon itemized accounts and vouchers, there is hereby appropriated the sum of three hundred thousand dollars, or so much therecf as may be necessary, to be disbursed by the board of management hereinbefore created, of which not exceéding the sum of ten thousand dollars shall be expended for clerical services ‘provided, that no liability against the Government shall be incurred and no expenditure of money under this act shall be made until the officers of said expo- sition shall have furnished the Secretary of the Treasury proofs to his. satisfaction that there has been obtained by said exposition corporation subscriptions of stock in good faith, contributions, donations, or appropri- ations from all sources for the purpose of said exposition, a sum agere- gating not less than five hundred thousand dollars, nor until the State of Ohio shall, by legislative enactment, appropriate a sum of money’ equal to that herein appropriated. Sec. 4. That all articles which shall be imported from foreign countries for the sole purpose of exhibition at said exposition upon which there shall be a tariff or customs duty shall be admitted free of payment of duty, customs fees, or charges, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe; but it shall be lawful at any time during the exhibition to sell, for delivery at the close of the exposition, any goods or property imported for and actually on exhibition in the exposi- tion buildings or on its grounds, subject to such regulations for the PC RN 34 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. security of the revenue and for the collection of import duties as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe ; provided, that all such articles, when sold or withdrawn for consumption in the United States, shall be subject to the duty, if any, imposed upon such articles by the revenue * laws in force at the date of importation, and all penalties prescribed by law shall be applied and enforced against such articles and against the persons who may be guilty of any illegal sale or withdrawal; and pro- vided further, that all necessary expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of this section, including salaries of customs officials in charge of imported articles, shall be paid to the treasury of the United States by the Ohio Centennial Company, under regulations to be pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. Sec. 5. That medals with appropriate devices, emblems, and inscrip- tions commemorative of said Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, and of the awards to be made to exhibitors thereat be pre- pared at some mint in the United States for the board of directors thereof, subject to the provisions of the fifty second section of the coinage act of eighteen hundred and ninety-three upon the payment by the Ohio Centennial Company of a.sum not less than the cost thereof; and all the provisions, whether penal or otherwise, of said coinage act against the counterfeiting or imitating of coins of the United States shall apply to the metal struck and issued under this act. Src. 6. That the United States shall in no manner and under no circumstances be liable for any bond, debt, contract, expenditure, expense, or liability of any kind whatever of the said Ohio Centennial Company, its officers, agents, servants, or employees, or incident to or growing out of said exposition, nor for any amount whatever in excess of the five hundred thousand dollars herein authorized; and the heads of the Executive Departments, the Smithsonian Institution and National Museum, the Commission of Fish and Fisheries, the Department of Labor, and the Bureau of American Republics, and the Board of Man- agement herein authorized, their officers, agents, servants, or employees, shall in no manner and under no circumstances expend or create any liability of any kind for any sum in excess of the appropriation herein made or create any deficiency. Src. 7, That at the close of the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition the exhibits of the United States Government shall be returned to the several departments or bureaus from which they were received; and such collections as may be acquired by the board by pur- chase, preparation, gift, or otherwise, illustrating the natural resources, industries, customs, and commerce of the other American Republics, shall be placed for permanent preservation in the United States National Museum. yy Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 35 Sec. 8. That the appropriation herein made, of five hundred thou- ‘sand dollars in all, shall take effect and become available immediately upon the proof being made to the satisfaction of the Secretary of the Treasury that the conditions prescribed in section three of this act have ‘been complied with. Approved March 3, 1899. 36 : Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. EXHIBIT H. AN ACT. To provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manufac- tures, arts and products of the State of Indiana at the Ohio Centen- nial and Northwest Territory Exposition, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans for and supervise the same, and, report to the next General Assembly, and declaring an emergency. Approved February 17, 1899. WueEREAS, Ohio was the first State to be formed out of the great Northwest Territory and has provided, by an act of the Legislature, passed April 26, 1808, for an exposition to be held at Toledo, in the State of Ohio, in commemoration of the first centennial of its admission as a State into the Union; and WueEreEas, It is of great importance that the natural resources, industrial development and progress of the arts and sciences of the State, of Indiana, which State formed a part of the Northwest Territory, should be fully and creditably displayed at said Exposition, and as it will require large preliminary investigation and work in securing information and in preparing plans in order the General Assembly may act intelligently and effectively in assisting to make the display worthy of this State and its people; now therefore Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, that for the purpose of arranging and exhibiting the manufactures, arts, products, resources and general development of the State of Indiana at the Exposition to be held under the authority and direction of the State of Ohio at Toledo, in that State, in commemoration of the admission of the State of Ohio into the Union, a commission is hereby constituted to be designated and known as the Indiana Board of Managers at the Ohio Centennial, which shall consist of thirteen citizens of this State, and is to be organized and continue its duties as hereinafter provided. Src. 2, The members of the board shall be appointed by the governor within twenty (20) days after the passage of this act, one from each of the Congressional Districts of the State, and not more than seven of whom shall belong to any one political party, and satd board shall meet at such time and such place as the governor may appoint, and organize by the election of a President, three Vice-Presidents, and a Sec- retary. A majority of said board shall constitute a quorum for the trans- action of business. The board shall have the power to make rules and ‘* Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 37 regulations for its own government, not in conflict with the laws of this State or with the laws, rules and regulations governing said exposition. Any member of said board may be removed at any time by the governor. All vacancies in said board which may occur by death, resignation, removal or otherwise, shall be filled by the governor. Sec. 3. Members of said board shall not be entitled to any compen- sation, except their actual expenses when necessarily absent from their homes on the business of the board. The expense account shall be item- ized and approved by the Governor, and when so approved, shall be paid by warrant drawn by the Auditor of State upon the Treasury, out of any funds not otherwise appropriated. Sec. 4. Said board shall have charge of the interests of this State, and its citizens in the preparation and exhibition at said exposition of the manufactures, arts and natural and industrial products of the State, the objects illustrating its history, progress, moral and material welfare, growth, enterprise and development, and all matters tending to advance the interests, reputation and prosperity of this State at said Exposition, it shall collect, obtain and disseminate throughout the State, all necessary information regarding said exposition, notify the people of the State of the purpose thereof, and prepare plans for the representation and display of the State at said exposition and make full report of its proceedings, plans and recommendations to the next session of the General Assembly. SEC. 5. Whereas an emergency exists, therefore this act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. FRANK L. LITTLETON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. James A. Mount, Governor. Approved February 17, 1899. 38 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT I. AMAT To provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manufac- tures, arts and products of the State of Illinois at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans for and supervise the same and report to the next General Assembly, and declaring an emergency. WHEREAS, Ohio was the first State to be formed out of the great Northwest Territory and has provided by an act of its Legislature, passed April 28, 1898, for an exposition to be held at Toledo, in the State of Ohio, in commemoration of the first centennial of its admission as a State into the Union; and WHEREAS, It is of great importance that the natural resources, indus- trial development and progress of the arts and sciences of the State of Illinois, which State formed a part of the Northwest Territory, should be fully and creditably displayed at said exposition, and as it will require large preliminary investigation and work in securing information and in preparing plans in order that the General Assembly may act intelli- gently and effectively in assisting to make the display worthy:of this. State and its people; now therefore Section 1. Be it enacted by the people of the State of Illinois repre- sented in the General Assembly: That for the purpose of arranging and exhibiting the manufactures, arts, products, resources and general devel- opment of the State of Illinois at the exposition to be held under the authority and direction of the State of Ohio, at Toledo, that State, in commemoration of the admission of the State of Ohio into the Union, a commission is hereby constituted to be designated as the Illinois State Commission at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, which shall consist of eleven citizens of this State, and is to be organized! and continue its duties as hereinafter provided. Sec 2. The members of said board shall be appointed by the Governor within twenty (20) days after the passage of this act, and not more than six of whom shall belong to any one political party, and said commission shall meet at such time and place as the governor may appoint, and organize by the election of a president, two vice-presidents. and a secretary. A majority of said commission shall constitute a quo- rum for the transaction of business. The board shall have the power to: make rules and regulations for its own government, not in conflict with the laws of this State, or with the laws, rules and regulations governing said exposition. Any member of said commission may be removed at Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 39 any time by the Governor. All vacancies in said commission which may occur by death, resignation, removal, or otherwise, shall be filled by the governor. Src. 3.° Members of said commission shall not be entitled to any compensation, except their actual expenses, not exceeding the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500), when necessarily absent from their homes on the business of said commission. The expense account shall be itemized and approved by the Governor, and when so approved, the Auditor of Public accounts is hereby authorized and directed to draw his warrants upon the State Treasurer upon presentation of the proper vouchers, and said Treasurer shall pay the same out of any funds in the treasury not otherwise appropriated. Src. 4. Said commission shall have charge of the interests of this State and its citizens in the preparation and exhibition at said exposition of the manufactures, arts and natural and industrial products of the State, the objects illustrating its history, progress, moral and material welfare, growth, enterprise and development, and all other matters tending to advance the interests, reputation and prosperity of this State at said exposition ; It shall collect, obtain and disseminate throughout the State, all necessary information regarding said exposition, notify the people of the State of the purpose thereof, and prepare plans for the representa- tion and display of the State at said exposition, and make a full report of its proceedings, plans and recommendations to the next session of the General Assembly. Wuereas, An emergency exists, therefore this act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. LAWRENCE YATES SHERMAN, Speaker of the House of Representatives. WALTER WARDER, President of the Senate. Approved this April 12, 1899. JoHn R. TANNER, Governor. 40 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commussion. EXHIBIT J. AN ACT To provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manu- “factures, arts and products of the State of Wisconsin, at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans for and super- vise the same, and report to the next Legislature. - Wuereas, Ohio was the first to be formed out of the great North- ‘west Territory and has provided, by an act of its Legislature, passed April 28, 1898, for an exposition to be held at Toledo, in the State of Ohio, in commemoration of the first centennial of its admission as a State into the Union; and Wuerras, It is of great importance that the natural resources, indus- trial development and progress of the arts and sciences of the State of Wisconsin, which State formed a part of the Northwest Territory, should be fully and creditably displayed at said exposition, and as it will require large preliminary investigation and work in securing information and in preparing plans in order that the Legislature may act intelligently and effectively in assisting to make the display worthy of this State and its people; now, therefore, the people of the State of Wisconsin, repre- sented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows: Section 1. That for the purpose of arranging and exhibiting the manufactures, arts, products, resources and general developments of the State of Wisconsin at the exposition to be held under the authority and direction of the State of Ohio at Toledo, in that State, in commemoration of the admission of the State of Ohio into the Union, a commission is hereby constituted, to be designated as the Wisconsin State Commission at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, which shall consist of ten citizens of this State, one from each congressional district in the State, and is to be organized and continue its duties as hereinafter provided. Sec. 2. The members of said board shall be appointed by the Gov- ernor within twenty (20) days after the passage of this act, and not more than six of whom shall belong to any one political party, and said com- mission shall meet at such time and place as the Governor may appoint, and organize by the election of two vice presidents, and a secretary. A majority of said commission shall constitute a quorum for the transac- tion of business. The board shall have the power to make rules and regulations for its own government, not in conflict with the laws of the State, or with the laws, rules and regulations, governing said exposition. 4 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 41 ‘Any member of said commission may be removed at any time by the Gov- vernor. All vacancies in said commission which may occur by death, resignation, removal or otherwise, shall be filled by the Governor. Sec. 3. The Governor shall be ex-officio a member and shall be the president thereof. Sec. 4. Said commission shall have charge of the interests of this State and its citizens in the preparation and exhibition at said exposition of the manufactures, arts, and natural and industrial products of the State, with objects illustrating its history, progress, moral and material welfare, growth, enterprise and development, and all other matters tend- ing to advance the interests, reputation and prosperity of this State at said exposition, it shall collect, obtain and disseminate throughout the State, all necessary information regarding said exposition, notify the people of the State of the purpose thereof, and prepare plans for the representation and display of the State at said exposition, and make a full report of its proceedings, plans and recommendations to the next session of the Legislature. Sec. 5. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its spassage and publication. Approved April 18, 1899. 42 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT K. AN ACT To provide for the collection, arrangement and display of the manufac—- tures, arts and products of the State of Michigan, at the Ohio» Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, providing for the appointment of a commission to prepare plans for and supervise the same, and report to the next legislature. Wuereas, Ohio was the first State to be formed out of the great Northwest Territory and has provided, by an act of the Legislature, passed April twenty-six, eighteen hundred and ninety—eight, for an expo— sition to be held at Toledo, in the State of Ohio, in commemoration of the first centennial of its admission as a State into the Union; and Wuereas, It is of great importance that the natural resources, industrial development and progress of the arts and sciences of the State of Michigan, which State formed a part of the Northwest Terri- tory, should be fully and creditably displayed at said exposition, and as it will require large preliminary investigation and work in securing information and in preparing plans in order that the State Legislature may act intelligently and effectively in assisting to make the display worthy of the State and its people; now therefore the people of the State of Michigan enact: Section I. ‘That, for the purpose of arranging and exhibiting the manufactures, arts, products, resources and general development of the State of Michigan at the exposition to be held under the authority and’ direction of the State of Ohio at Toledo, in that State, in commemora— tion of the admission of the State of Ohio into the Union, a commis— sion is hereby constituted to be designated and known as the Michigan Board of Managers at the Ohio Centennial, which shall consist of five: citizens of this State, and is to be organized and continue its duties as hereinafter provided. Section 2. The members of said Board shall be appointed by the: Governor within twenty days after the passage of this act, not more than three of whom shall belong to any one political party, the Governor to be an ex-officio member and President of said board, and said board shall meet at such time and place as the Governor shall appoint and organize by the election of vice-presidents and a secretary. A majority of said board shall cortstitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The board shall have power to make rules and regulations for its own government, not in conflict with the laws of this State, or with the laws, rules and regulations governing said exposition. Any member of Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 43: said board may be removed at any time by the Governor. All vacancies in said board which may occur by death, resignation, removal or other— wise, shall be filled by the Governor. SECTION 3. Members of said board shall not be entitled to any compensation, except their actual expenses when necessarily absent from their homes on the business of the board. The expense shall be item— ized and approved by the governor, and when so approved shall be paid by warrant drawn by the Auditor General upon the Treasury, out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated. SECTION 4. Said board shall have charge of the interests of this. State and its citizens in the preparation and exhibition at said exposi- tion of the manufacture, arts, and the natural and industrial products of the State, the objects illustrating its history, progress, moral and material welfare, growth, enterprise and development, and all other matters tend— ing to advance the interests, reputation and prosperity of this State at the exposition; it shall collect, obtain and disseminate throughout the State, all necessary information regarding said exposition, notify the people of the State of the purpose thereof, and prepare plans for the representation and display of the State at said exposition, and make full report of its proceedings, plans and recommendations to the next session of the State Legislature: Provided, that not more than one thousand’ dollars shall be expended under the provisions of this act. This act is ordered to take immediate effect. R. B. Loomis, President pro tem. of the Senate. E. J. ApAMS, Speaker of the House. Approved June 23, 1899. H. S. PInGREE, Governor. 44 > Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT 1. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centennial Com— MISSION. GentTLEMEN:—In planning for the Horticultural Society at our ‘Ohio Centennial we realize that an unusual opportunity offers itself for making the finest presentation of fruits, flowers and plants ever under— taken in this or any other country. The location of the Exposition in Toledo places it commercially and geographically in the center of the greatest fruit belt east of the Rockies, if not in the world. The berry fields, orchards and vineyards are the ‘pride of our people, and while we have some mammoth holdings, the ‘majority are of moderate extent, consequently a numerous constituency who will bring their families to see the best the world produces. The territory covers the largest greenhouse and nursery interests of ‘this country. This business will seek recognition at the Exposition. It should receive the fullest encouragement, as much that will be shown will be a lasting and valuable acquisition to the park which it will adorn when all other features are cleared away. In view of this, let us con— ‘sider the essential features of our Horticultural Department. Naturally our department separates into two principal divisions: 1. The pomological and fruit department and accessories. 2. The floral and plant section. Each division requires a building especially fitted to accommodate ‘the exhibits which it represents. Each should be contiguous to the other, -and should occupy a section of the grounds naturally separated from the main portion of the Exposition grounds, still so located as to be easy -of access and a decorative part of the whole grounds. This separation is essential that the landscape artist may have sufficient territory sur— rounding the horticultural building and conservatory to make them the central features of this department. Such a location seems to be arranged for by the natural conditions cand the park plans of the engineer who has provided the plan of grounds ‘here shown. We feel we have a right to first choice and first consideration in this matter, because we have to deal with nature and the plantsman’s ’~ -art, and the more time we can give the two the more beautiful and perfect -will be the results. It is essential to emphasize the necessity of giving _ i” Report of the Olio Centennial Commission. 45, this department all the time possible, that the plants may become prop— erly established. The horticultural building should be of a proper size and suitable: for the display of fruits— fresh, dried and canned, jellies, preserves, pickles and syrups; horticultural appliances especially adapted to fruit culture; fruit packages, sorters, evaporators and other exhibits, as may be presented; vinticultural products and appliances; photographs in— tended to illustrate and instruct in methods not otherwise presentable; entomological specimens pertaining to that department; exhibits likely to. interest and instruct along the lines of plant pathology, offices, committee and store rooms, packing and arranging rooms, refreshment, toilette and: public comfort accommodations. To accommodate this display would require a main floor space of 30,000 square feet. This would be mainly occupied with fresh fruit and cut floral exhibits; an additional space of about 30,000 square feet would be required to accommodate the other features already enumerated. To reach the fullest practical utility and give the whole a crowning feature would be to surround the main floor with an open gallery, suf— ficient in size to accommodate an audience of 5,000 or more people, and an orchestra suitable for the size of the building and the requirements. of the festivities. A building constructed after this plan with a liberal appropriation for its equipment and maintenance, decorated with the choicest gifts of nature, in plant, flower and fruit, with music, sparkling fountains and moving, holiday attired visitors, and with the building brilliantly itlum— inated by electricity, would create a scene seldom witnessed — a crowning” feature of the great effort now being projected. Such a building can serve many other punposes than those mentioned. If constructed at the outset, it would furnish a covering and place for preparing much of the artistic detail of the other buildings and the grounds. It could be used for the ceremonies essential to the opening of this Exposition. Fresh fruits could give way in August for a week of floral carnival and parade, and at the closing Exposition period there could be held a grand floral show, the equal of which has never been presented. In view of all this, would it not be advisable for the managaement to. consider the practicability of putting up a building which would add to. the glory of the occasion, and likely to serve in the future the uses of an auditorium? | The methods of procuring the perishable portions of the exhibits should be two-fold: By offering medal and cash prizes at stated periods for competition, to- take place in the hall, and by collection under the direction of the de- partment. -46 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. . The collection could also be conducted to a certain extent by prize competition at local fruit centers, specimens competing becoming the property of the department for the display tables. Should the foregoing methods be adopted, they would greatly interest a large number of horti-» cculturists of the State. They would come to call it “Our Centennial.” We should use every opportunity to interest the ruralist of the regions represented. If they do not crowd the excursion trains to our Exposition, who will? For the purpose of maintaining the display of perishable fruits during the Exposition in creditable condition as premiums, collecting judging, etc., a sum would be required, approximating $15,000. It can hardly be expected at this time, and without definite details of what is wanted, that we could give trustworthy figures as to the cost and maintenance of the Horticultural! building. Apparently there is nothing at hand showing what has been done at previous Expositions, other than the cost of the horticultural building in Philadelphia and Chicago. It is reasonable to say that we can have a very creditable show for the cost alone of either of those buildings. The department of flowers and plants can best be served through the erection of a conservatory and by outside planting. The exhibits pertaining to greenhouse construction, heating and ap- pliances, florists’ requisites, pottery, wirework, materials for making up, also exhibits of cut flowers and bulbs, can be properly accommodated in the horticultural building. The classes of plants known as decorative—orchdis, stove, some of the cacti and aquatics—should have a special conservatory for their care and exhibition. There should be in connection with the conservatory proper a receiving house and one for propagation; in the latter, much of the material under the head of greenhouse stock, could be grown for bed- ding on lawn. The Exposition being held during the warm season, makes it quite possible for a full and grand showing of all shrubbery, hardy, herbaceous, and other plants so much in use to make pictures of our homes, and con- vert desolate and waste places into those of beauty. The great demand for plant material for lawn and park decoration requires special emphasis for this feature. Everyone who owns a home is looking for the most suitable material for its adornment; here then is an opportunity to educate the people, from the seeding of the ground to the most carefully planted combinations. of shrubs and flowers. This should be done so plainly that he who runs may read understandingly. For this work it is essential that the division of floriculture be first organized, that it may have the material on hand in season. The procuring of nearly all plant exhibits will not be difficult, and with little cost to the Exposition, providing exhibitors are assured of good treatment and a fair consideration of their advertising rights. ag ool Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. agar As to the cost of this department, what was said of the horticultural ‘building holds good here. MANAGEMENT. No matter how well planned, or how much money is appropriated, ‘the whole success will depend upon the man in whose charge the affairs are placed. It is hoped the commission will be fortunate in its choice. Whatever may come to other departments, entire fitness is imperative in this. The natural division of the governing staff is that of Chief of Horticultural, Superintendent of Fruit Exhibits and Assistants, and Super- ‘intendent of Floriculture and assistants. Upon the Chief and the Superintendents will come the burden of the effort. They must work together, and, therefore, it is important that the head of the department be granted the privilege of choosing his assistants. The horticulturists are interested. The material in favorable con- ditions will be forthcoming in great abundance. The time and opportunity are ripe for the finest display of horticultural products. Te plans for the buildings should be subject to the concurrent ap- proval of the Centennial Commission and the local Commission, and the ‘buildings paid for by the local Commission. Wo. BINKLEY, M. A. McGurrg, James W. Concer, Committee, ! 48 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT 2. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURAL EXHIBIT. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centennial Commission: GENTLEMEN :—An exhibit by the State of Ohio with its eighty-eight counties, each representing a part of the many varieties of agriculture and its products, wil! be of great interest to not only the people of our own State, but to all who realize that following the first settlement in that ' part of the Northwest Territory, now Ohio, agriculture has been, and is, the basis of its wealth: therefore, we recommend that, In order to fully awaken an interest and secure the co-operation of each county in the State, an Agricultural Committee of three in each county be appointed upon the recommendation of the Commissioner in each Congressional District, which committee shall consist of farmers. who will serve in holding meetings for the purpose of collecting the names of each farmer who will add to the collection, and exhibit samples of all farm products. Each county to have space sufficient allotted to them. 488 An apartment shall be set aside for the exhibit of all varieties of products, such as maple syrup, jellies, beet-sugar, and all similar products, including the bee culture and its products. The building for such an exhibit should not be less than three (300) hundred feet by three (300) hundred feet. The appropriation for this. exhibit, say $60,000. The Live Stock interest of Ohio and those States forming the old Northwest Territory has developed into an immense industry. The various classes of fine bred stock of every kind and variety have been so developed that our farmers are able to supply the world (especially for breeding purposes) ; therefore, we believe that this exhibit should be very large, and made one of the most interesting exhibits of this exhibit. The buildings for this exhibit may consist of long sheds, well covered, and not less than 50,000 square feet of space. The appropri- ation should be not less than $3,000. Such an arrangement should be made that all the lines of railroads running through or nearest to each county, be asked to join in a cheap rate of transportation, so that products for the exhibition (which shall be entered as such), may be carried to and from the place designated at Toledo for that purpose, and that an appropriation be set apart, out of which each county furnishing a carload or more may be entitled to a Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 49 Proportion of the same, fixed upon a mileage basis per car, or as the Committee on Transportation may decide as fair and equitdble. That appropriation should not be less than $2,000. We also recommend that an appropriation be made for the purpose of collecting, arranging and properly caring for the agricultural products of the eighty-eight counties of the State at not less than $10,000, Total estimated cost for all purposes for Agriculture Exhibit seventy- five thousand ($75,000) dollars. Statistics as shown in State Secretary Kinney’s report for 1897, are hereby given for the purpose of showing the comparisons in each kind of product forming the base of agricultural interests in the State of Ohio. 1h) fA CPR lo) 5 ADORE Race a BOLEOG) bh LGbaceo, Whe = tess cade 29,242,265 ‘Wheat, average for 8yrs.,bu 31,992,787 Broom Cony LbS fom a tae ee 123,146,474 Bee DIR ctetacetele et ett ossicles (2 LOS,004-970.) Orchard ECM yacrese sein ae. 373,995 Mats, DW. 524)... ss cMRe tise Tie 30,565,003 Apples, bu.) 020 ide thoy) 3,958,869 RAST OL EL AVS Paces Aiea ae ee aN Ler BOO A201) Peare: ig Veli voles hou utp 51,389 Buckwheat bw. 6 ey, ROZ O00). \Oherries "bisa. ae ate Oee 42,132 “TESS 91 8 Gl Sa 519,305 Number of Horses.......... 568,675 Wiaple Sugar, Ibs. 3)... u's. o. 399,420 ‘ MaCattles th tey ae eg 1,158,358 - Maple Syrup, wale co ie 637,551 Me MELO waco Sel tate th eke ee ee PBERS MLV eGo cin tte eb eae 96,743 Ss Fy EME TD iccalicnt sterenets 2,152,859 of TOEE) Ral fee a ae TS FOT,O20)'s\ MEI ey eral. Seo! Spike fe elias 48,263,028 RIPOESO NDS His od oh 47,030,406) -y Butter lhe, sion eie a pee 56,000,000 EES (OSS ae Oe a ae LOTS 301i oe WOOK TEs aie. earn ears 11,877,502 OLALGESIOD ID ice cicee wil ee 7,286,582 Cheese, lbs............ -+.. 18,000,000 Sweet Potatoes, bu. ...... 13,233). Nees, dozr,")é ewe nea sun 57,591,961 J. CRAIG SMITH, T. G. DONALDSON, JOHN W. DavVISs, Committee. ©. OCC 60 Report of the Oho Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT 3. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL EXHIBIT. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centenmat Commission: GENTLEMEN—The standing committee on Historical Exhibits, com- posed of Messrs. Kumler, Belt and McKinney, beg leave to submit the following report: The department of history should be made prominent at the Ohio Exposition. One hundred years, rich in achievement in every line of human endeavor, have left an immense treasure store which should be gathered under one roof; and that roof should cover a building which is of permanent character, and one that will constitute a safe depository for historical archives and relics, for the care of which the State has made no adequate provision. Relics, records of the territorial period, the Indian period, the wars of the frontier, the Civil war, the war with Spain, as well as of pioneer life and the development of the social and industrial forces of civilization, are scattered throughout the State, in our halls and garrets, which, if they could be brought together, would constitute an exposition in themselves equal to that of any country. Several of the large associations of the State have signified their readiness to assist in the collection of such treasures, provided the State will erect a proper building. It is therefore recommended, 1. That there be erected one permanent building, of Ohio stone and native marble, fire proof and well lighted, to be known as the Ohio Cen- tennial Building, devoted to history, art and literature. >. That said building be of solid classic style of architecture in two wings with a dome in the center, to be erected at a cost of one hundred and fifty thousand ($1 50,000) dollars. The appropriation of which said sum, together with an additional sum of fifty thousand ($50,000) dollars, to cover the cost of gathering in and placing the historical exhibits, is hereby recommended. 3. That such building be the depository of the Ohio State Historical Society, with sections set aside for the use of such historic societies and associations as may be granted the privilege of placing their collections there. 4. That a portion of the building be set aside for collection of pictures, statuary, and other objects of fine art. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 51 5. That a portion of the building be set aside for the use of the Ohio Library Association, for the purpose of establishing on the Exposition grounds a model library on the Open Shelf plan and for such other books, records and so on, and of works of Ohio authors. 6. That in the decorating of the interior the services of Ohio artists be secured, all things being equal, and that societies and associations be invited, or given the privilege of decorating the several sections. Numerous collectors have signified their desire or willingness to contribute to the historic and fine arts departments, and it will be both an economic and popular project to erect a building of the character named and for the grouping of history, art and literature, rather than erecting numerous smaller buildings of no enduring character. We herewith attach to this report a draft of a design of building for your inspection and approval. Respectfully submitted, Joun F. KuMter, WiLiiAM A. BELT, B. J. McKinney, Committee. 52 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT 4. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON EDUCATIONAL EXHIBIT. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centenmal Com— mission. GENTLEMEN: — Your Committee on Educational Exhibit beg leave to report as follows: In order that an educational exhibit may be made at the approaching Centennial Exposition worthy of an enlightened and cultured people and commensurate with the high rank which our great State justly occupies in the matter of the mental, moral, physical and social development of her people as well as the steady development of her material resources, it behooves us to take such steps as may be necessary to secure the re— quisite appropriation without which this most important’ exhibit cannot be a success. When the commanding influence of Ohio in the great sisterhood of States comprising the American Republic is considered in connection with the underlying causes which render that influence so potent in moulding public opinion and crystalizing the best thought in every avenue of human progress and enlightment throughout our national domain, one is forced to the conclusion that these results must have been and are being brought about by a concentration of educational forces which are the outgrowth of a system wisely planned by master minds who builded a State out of what once seemed an almost impenetrable wilderness. The evolution of the schoolhouse from the rude log structure with paper windows and puncheon floor, with its limited curriculum and austere schoolmaster as it existed at the birth of the new State, to the modern public school building of beautiful proportions and elegant appointments, with its numerous appliances, cultured and wide-awake teachers, is but typical of the.great material growth and progress, together with the devel- opment of every phase of Christian civilization for the betterment of humanity, accomplished in a century of statehood. To make such an exhibit as will in some measure show to the world not only something of the results achieved in the past, but also the wonderful possibilities for the future in the line of educational work in Ohio, will require both labor and money, and to this end our State legislators should find time to con—- sider both the magnitude of the undertaking and the grand results to be accomplished by such an educational display as will be in keeping with the intelligence and wealth of a great State. Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. 58 The United States Commissioner of Education in speaking of the Ohio educational exhibit at the Columbian Exposition, says: “The legislators of this great State have never adequately taken hold of an exhibit for its schools. The credit won for its education is due to its educators. They led the way, did the work, and provided for its expenses.” ¢ It is to be hoped that there will be no occasion in the future to point out the neglect of Ohio legislators to show a proper appreciation of the educational forces to which the greatness of the State is due. We earnestly recommend that ample provision be made for a proper exhibit in every grade and department of educational work from the kindergarten to the university, with especial attention to that of the public schools; the conservators of good social order, general prosperity, and free government. The term “educational exhibit” is so comprehensive that it is not thought expedient in this report to attempt a complete outline as to the exact scope and character of the proposed exhibit, but while giving due attention to education in its purely academic sense, let proper importance also be attached to the co—education of the mind and hand as exemplified in manual training schools and trade schools which are doing a noble work for humanity wherever located. Technical and pro- fessional schools, normal schools, institutions for the education of the deaf and dumb, the blind and other unfortunates, together with private and parochial schools and library extension must have due representation along with other educational agencies above mentioned. It is hereby recommended that the legislature be asked for an appro- priation sufficient to erect a building of adequate proportions and of appropriate design and style of architecture to comport with the great buildings contemplated for other classes of exhibits. It is to the credit of France that the educational exhibit at Paris in 1900 is to be given the place of honor in classification. Most certainly the management of the Ohio Centennial Exposition cannot do less. In conclusion your Committee recommend that the State be asked to appropriate not less than $150,000 for the educational exhibit and building for the Ohio Centennial Exposition to be held at Toledo in 1902. Respectfully submitted, Lucien J. FENTON, HENRY FLESH, M. A. McGuire, Committee. Lt eae Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT 5. REPORT OF COPIMITTEE ON INSPECTION OF WORK AND PROGRESS. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centennial Commission: GENTLEMEN: — Your Committee on Inspection respectfully report that the work on the grounds in the line of grading, piling and revetment work has been let under a contract of about $200,000.00; that up to date this work has progressed rapidly and satisfactory. About $80,000.00 has been already expended under this contract, and that the grading and filling are about finished; the Lagoon and yacht haven are about outlined, and the redeemed land is showing above the water level. Your committee is well satisfied with the work done, and would sug— gest that the Commission visit Bay View Park to inspect the work and note its progress. ; J. P. Forses, Geo. B. CHRISTIAN, Wo. H. STEWART, Committee. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 55 EXHIBIT 6. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON FISH AND FISHERY EXHIBIT. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centenmal Commission : . GENTLEMEN :—The important features of a Fish and Fishery Exhibit are the following: 1. Aquarium for the exhibition of live fishes. The Commercial Fisheries of the Great Lakes. An Angler’s Exhibit. Commercial Fisheries Exhibit. United States and State Fish Commission Exhibit. te amet ae AQUARIUM FOR THE EXHIBITION OF LIVE FISHES. The most interesting and instructive of these is the Aquarium, this consists of a building furnished with suitable tanks for the display of live fish with the surrounding conditions as nearly natural as possible. The tanks may be large and small, as follows: Large tanks, side view. Small tanks, side view. Large tanks, top view. Small ordinary tanks. Globes on stands or hanging from ceiling. Large storage tanks for storing fishes to be used for food for those on exhibition. The large tanks, side view, are constructed on masonry and are below the level of the ground. One face of these tanks being plate glass. They can be made any size desired, none need ’be more than 12 feet from front to back and may be from 6 to 20 feet in length and 6 feet deep. A single tank 12x20x6 feet deep need not have more than 56 square feet of plate glass, or 4 panes each 4x3$ feet. These tanks are constructed so that the light strikes on the surface. It can be constructed so as to appear like the section of a small stream. The small tanks giving a side view to be constructed on the same plan except smaller, the basin to be made of plate glass on one side and stone or iron (cast) on bottom ends and side opposite glass. These tanks to be used only for small fish, need be only about 2 feet from front to back, 18 inches high and about 2 feet long. A grotto containing these tanks produces a very pleasing effect. Large tanks, top view. These are made without use of plate glass, the observer sees the fish in them as he would from the bank of a stream. ‘The size of these would be about as large as the large tanks giving side view. dye fee é - ‘ . ‘ Fe, The small ordinary tanks to be the same as those on the market and much used in dwelling houses, and in stores, etc. None to be very large, not over 2 or 3 feet long and 12 to 18 inches high, by about 18 inches wide. The globes to be those on the market and to be placed on stands or hung from the ceiling. The Fish and Fishery building at the World’s Fair, Chicago, con- sisted of a main building 365 feet long and 165 feet wide, and two wings, each being nearly circular and about 1354 feet in diameter. Only one of these wings was used for an aquarium. The total cost of the entire building was about $220,000.00. Total capacity of the tanks was about 140,000 gallons of water. The salt water tanks held about 40,000 gallons, the total amount of salt water in circulation was about 80,000 gallons. Salt water was obtained by evaporating sea water to about one-fifth of its volume and then restoring to proper density by addition of water from Lake Michigan. In this way the weight of transportation was reduced 80 per cent. Some 3,000 gallons of pure sea water was brought with the live fish. The fresh water tanks were supplied by a six-inch pipe, though the amount of water could have been supplied by a four-inch pipe. Waste taken away by a twelve-inch pipe. The crowded condition of the building containing live fish during the World’s Fair is evidence that such features in such places is much appreciated. This is mentioned as it is the only large display of live fish ever made in the West. The cost of building a permanent aquarium is . little more than to build a temporary one. To maintain it afterwards will cost much less than a natural history museum or art gallery, or zoological park of same importance An aquarium well stocked with live fish is extremely interesting and instructive. Many large cities have their libraries, museums, art galleries, zoological parks and conserva- tories for flowers, and botanical gardens, but up to date New York is the only city in this country which has a large aquarium. ‘That it is appre- ciated is shown by the fact that it has more. visitors each year than does all the museums and art galleries in the city. To maintain it costs about $30,000 per year. The American Museum Natural History, Centrat Park, costs over $100,000 per year. The Aquarium in New York City is not as favorably situated for visitors as is the American Museum in Central Park. Ohio has about 140 species of fishes, more than half of these could be kept in the Aquarium, to these could be added half as many or more salt water fishes, as well as other fresh water fishes from other regions, especially western states where the fish fauna is different from that im Ohio. Aside from fishes, turtles, crabs, lobsters and many species of water plants could be exhibited. we 56 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commussion. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 57 By means of guide books and labels their general features could be explained, and attention called to their scientific and economic impor- tance. A permanent Aquarium will serve as an educational institution for the general public as does a museum, art gallery, zoological park and the: like. It affords an excellent opportunity to study rate of growth of fishes, variations under changing conditions, habits, methods of prop-- agation, hydrids, etc., and becomes an important factor in solving prob- lems which are of strictly economic importance. Its value as an educa- tional institution, as furnishing a means for scientific investigations and’ for solving economic problems relating to fishes will be widely felt and highly appreciated. 2. THE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES OF THE GREAT LAKES. No special effort has ever been made to make a display of fish and’ fisheries of the Great Lakes. As this exposition is to be on the shore of one of the most important of these lakes, too much attention can not be given to a display of its commercial fisheries. This would consist in a display of nets, seines, traps and all other apparatus used in the capture of the different species of fishes, boats and fishing camps, by use of small models ; species of fishes exhibited either by means of live fish in aquaria,. casts or specimens in alcohol, etc. Photographs showing fishing scenes, of all sorts; products, such as salt fish, smoked fish, canned fish, etc.,. ready for the market. This of course to include fish-oils, fish glue, and any product either useful or ornamental obtained from animals which: inhabit the waters of the Great Lakes. 3. AN ANGLER’S EXHIBIT. This would include all sorts of apparatus used by the sportsman in: capturing game fishes, and illustrations of its use. . Fly casting tourna- ments to be held frequently, as was done at the World’s Fair in Chicago. Angling is an art and everything which pertains to it, especially in refer- ence to our fresh water game fishes, should be exhibited. 4. COMMERCIAL FISHERIES EXHIBIT. This exhibit to be of same nature as outlined for the exhibit of Commercial Fish and Fisheries of the Great Lakes. It would include the more important salt water fishes including lobsters, crabs, oysters. scallops, pearl fisheries, sponge fisheries, etc. 5. UNITED STATES AND STATE FISH COMMISSIONS’ EXHIBIT. This would include the ordinary exhibit made by the United States: Fish Commission. Its main features being the illustration of its method of hatching various species of fishes, exhibits of all kinds of apparatus. 58 Report of the Olio Centennial Commission. used by it, and their use illustrated by the actual hatching of such fish eggs as can be obtained at that time of year. Also exhibit methods of packing and transporting eggs and live fishes, in fact everything which pertains to the propegation and transpor- tation of fishes. To obtain the best results an Aquarium should be built and ready for ‘se some time before needed, this gives the small plant an opportunity to grow on the rocks on bottom and sides which is quite essential to ‘nsure success. It is better that water be turned into the tanks a month or two better a year before the opening of he Exposition. On my recent visit to Chicago I had the opportunity and pleasure of ‘discussing this subject with Dr. T. H. Bean and Dr. S. E. Meek. The former had been connected with the United States Fish Commission for years, was Director of the New York Aquarium 4 or 5 years. He has represented this Government in Fish and Fishery Exhibits. at several Expositions in this country as well as abroad. At present he is directing the Exhibit of Forestry, Fish and Fishery at the Paris Exposition. The latter has had considerable experience in same kind of work, is now Assistant Curator of Zoology in charge of Fishes and Reptiles in the Field Columbian Museum. He has traveled abroad, giving special at- tention to studying Aquaria of Europe. Both of these gentlemen agree that an exhibition after the manner outlined is much to be desired. Both helieve in the establishment of a permanent Aquarium, and both are sure that Toledo will do-a good work in being a pioneer in establishing one in the interior, as New York has been in building one on the coast. These men also greatly favor an excellent exhibit illustrating the Fish and Fisheries of the Great Lakes. They also believe that a first- class exhibit of Fish and Fisheries, as outlined here, will be one of the most interesting and instructive of all exhibits and one that will be highly appreciated by all who attend the Exposition. The United States Fish Commission can be induced to stock the Aquarium, and keep it stocked during the Exposition. It did it for ‘Chicago. SUGGESTIONS MADE TO THE COMMITTEE, The fish culturists of America officially recognize that Ohio has been peculiarly favored in the history of fish culture. About the first of March, 1854, near the city of Cleveland, Ohio, the first fish (a trout) was artificially propagated. From this successful experiment has arisen an industry, the benefits cof which have been realized by every civilized nation in the world. The commercial interests of fish and fishing, in the United States, Sih second to none among the great producing successes of the business world. Te NOUNS Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 59 There should be in complete operation a Fish Hatchery, showing ‘modern methods and apparatus, and living illustrations of propagation in various stages of development. Also a complete collection of live specimens of all kinds and classes ‘of fishes and other aquatic life, from the fresh water lakes and streams “of the States comprising the Northwest Territory. Also to have an exhibition, as far as possible and practicable, live ‘fishes, and other animal life inhabiting salt waters; making special effort to secure specimens from Cuba, Porto Rico, Sandwich Islands, Philip- ‘pines, Alaska, and foreign countries. Collections of specimens of the products of the sea, such as pearls, corals, shells, sponges, whalebones. Preparation of dried, smoked, cured, salted and tinned fish Methods and appliances (including models) used in fish curing and ‘canning establishments. Fish products, such as oils, roes, isinglass, etc. Aquatic products, such as are useful and ornamental; made out of ‘shells, tortoise, fish scales, etc. Aquatic plant life. Salt and fresh water specimens. Special interest in collecting works of art in taxidermy; exhibiting ‘rare specimens of animals, birds, etc., of land and sea. Exhibiting all the devices known to the commercial world, in the tak- ing of fish and aquatic animals for commercial purposes. Special efforts to secure live specimens of the remaining wild animals and birds of the States comprising the Northwest Territory, viz: Bears, deer, lynx, wolves, porcupines, wolverines, foxes, prairie dogs, raccoons, opossums, woodchucks, rabbits, beaver, squirrels (fox, grey, black, red, chipmunk), mink, muskrat, and birds of all kinds. Covering everything pertaining to this art, including boats, nets, rods, reels lines, hooks, and the thousands of articles necessary to an angler. Also fly casting tournaments. Colfection of guns, shells, hunting outfits, etc. Everything pertain- ing to hunters and hunting. Shooting tournaments. Collection of books on angling, hunting, dogs, fish culture, aquariums, GECs,),EEC: FISHERIES BUILDING. Ohio should break away from conventional habits, and bring forward something new and hitherto untried. Toa degree the Exposition must have some spectacular features, something on a grander scale than “Mid— way’ air castles. | It is therefore respectfully suggested, as a special feature, and for the accommodation of the Fisheries exhibit, that a building be erected which shallbeanexactfac-simile of an enlarged small-mouthed black bass ; length 250 feet; height, 100 feet; width, 45 feet; to be built of steel, wood, galvanized iron, glass, slate, and painted the natural color of the bass. 60 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. Same to be two stories in height, electrically illuminated around the entire- outside, and eyes to be made attractive. Main entrance to be at the mouth, having a low partition to compel visitors to keep to the right in entering, etc. Ground floor to contain the aquariums, exhibits of live fish, fish hatcheries, etc. Second floor to be devoted to commercial exhibits, studies in taxidermy, exhibits of fishing tackle, boats, nets, hunting outfits, guns, ELC CLG. In the head of the building or main part of fish, should be a hall with seating capacity of two or three hundred people, to be used for con— ventions, societies, clubs, associations, etc., for their annual, or other meetings. Near tail of fish might be a restaurant, for the service of special game, fish dinners, etc. At the present prices of material, the building, in accordance with attached plans and specifications, will cost, plainly finished and unfur— nished, about $50,000. This is for building alone. _ Basing our estimate on the cost of Aquariums and exhibits at the World’s Fair at Chicago, the Omaha, Atlanta and New Orleans Exposi- tions, and those of the New York Aquarium, the cost of about fifty Aquariums of moderate sizé (say six feet in length) with accessories, and independent of building containing them, would be about $25,000. Fifty tanks will sustain 200 kinds of fish. The Government should assist in making the Aquariums for the United States exhibit; and the various States should do likewise. ANNEX TO FISHERIES BUILDING. We would also suggest that a substantial one — (or two if neces— sary—) story building be erected immediately adjoining the Fisheries Building, for the purpose of exhibiting live specimens of the animals and birds remaining in the States comprising the Northwest Territory. Also a large wire building with hollow trees, and proper place for protection, to be used for common squirrels, collecting from two to three hundred squirrels of all kinds and colors. The remaining animals are: Bear, deer, lynx, (wild cat), wolf, por— cupine, fox, wolverine, prairie dog, raccoon, opossum, woodchuck, beaver (weasel family), pine marten, mink, muskrat, fisher, badger, otter, skunk, rabbit, squirrel (fox, grey, black, red, chipmunk,) ground mole. Birds. From the eagle to the sparrow. The cost of said (annex) building,and the collecting of the animals,, birds, etc., would not exceed $6,000. Respectfully submitted, Curtis E. McBripe, GrorGE K. OTIS,’ Joun W. Davis, Committee. - are Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 61 EXHIBIT 7. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON SANITARY EXHIBIT. “Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centenmal Commission: GENTLEMEN :—Your Committee upon Sanitary Exhibits at the Ohio Centennial beg leave to submit their report as follows: At the outset of our investigations we find that the advance in sci- entific sanitary knowledge has been so rapid, and the conditions so changed within a decade that the field of invention and investigation is almost exclusively in the hands of the medical fraternity, and expert staffs of sanitary engineers. We find the former presenting the broad theoretical claim that all disease is preventable; that epidemic and contagious diseases should be at once abolished. They trace the source of a great percentage of the latter directly to improper sanitation, and largely to contamination’ of the water supply of our population. Typhoid fever with its annual ravages is directly attributed to this evil fountain head. As Malarial types of diseases have disappeared as a result of drainage, so it is assured will the more baleful destroyers pass away by the practical application of modern sanitative methods. A pure and abundant water supply; the proper disposal of sewage are factors in that which we may denominate “as the protection of health” that are of paramount importance. The task before us is one of education, not however of the text book, ‘but by practical showings of the method and results attained by modern sanitative, scientific research, inventive appliance and application. If the millions of the Central West who visit Toledo in 1902 are permitted there to witness the actual results achieved by modern sanitary methods in the purification of water supply, of sewage and its disposal in manner and form, to free our great and rapidly increasing population from the menace of disease scourges that are thereby readily avoidable, certainly the expense of such an undertaking would amply repay the State. Of necessity, an exhibition of the nature suggested must be formulated by those who have made the subject a life study, therefore, in this con- nection we append Exhibit “A,” a report embracing all phases of this subject by Dr. C. O. Probst, Secretary of the Ohio State Board of Health; Exhibit “B,” a report with plans, estimates, and full details of cost of a ‘proposed sanitary exhibit upon the grounds of the Centennial Exposition 62 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. by Snow & Barbour, Consulting Engineers, which, with accompanying: data we beg leave to submit as a part of our report. Respectfully submitted, Gro. B. CHRISTIAN, oan W. A. BELT, neh J. W. Concer, 7 Committee. [Exhibit A.] OHIO STATE BOARD OF HEALTH, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, CotumBus, Dec. 4, 1899. Mr. George B. Christian, Chemical Commissioner on Sanitary Exhibits, Toledo Exposition, Marion, Ohio. — Dear Sirr:— Complying with your request, the State Board of Health has considered the direction, scope and probable cost of a desir— able sanitary exhibit at the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Exposition, to be held at Toledo, Ohio, in 1902 and begs leave to respectfully offer the following suggestion relative thereto: Without entering here into a discussion of the question, the Board would nevertheless express its sincere belief that far reaching benefits to the public may justly be expected from a sanitary exhibit such as is proposed. ; Sanitation has so wide a field, concerning itself with most of the physical as well as the moral relations of men, that the possibilities for a sanitary exhibit are almost without limit. The difficulty is rather as to the choice of subjects. It will be wise, in our judgment, to select certain essential features of sanitation and display these in a fitting manner, rather than to attempt to cover the entire ground. The guiding idea, it appears to us, should be education enforced bv demonstration. The past has had _ its victories in sanitation, as in war and commerce, and these might fittingly be celebrated at such an Exposition; but it is our belief that attention should rather be directed to the future, and that the sanitary exhibit should teach lessons in hygiene which our people must yet learn, if they would reap the full benefits coming from the knowledge and practice of right methods of living, It is thought best that chief attention should be given to questions of public hygiene — those demanding the expenditure of public moneys. Certain phases of domestic sanitation are also recommended. These will be considered as follows: Keport of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 63, I. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES. European visitors to this country are surprised that Americans should be content to drink what they speak of as raw water. It is probably true that there is not in Ohio a stream which would afford a perfectly satis- factory public water supply. With but few exceptions, and these are the minor streams, not one offers a safe supply. The frightful, continuous loss of life and health due to the use of impure water should be brought to the attention of the people in some striking manner. ‘They should also be shown that modern engineering has now made it possible for any community to have purified water, freed. from all disease producing properties, and at a moderate cost. We suggest, therefore, that all drinking water furnished to the Ex- position grounds should be purified by filtration; and that the filter be made a part of the Sanitary Exhibit. 2. SEWAGE PURIFICATION. This subject is closely related to water purification. It is a most pressing question with many cities in Ohio which have already converted. streams into which they are pouring their sewage into pestilential, dis- ease-breeding stretches of foul water. Furthermore, many of our cities. are suffering severely in being obliged to make use of sewage polluted streams as sources of public water supplies. The State Board of Health has nearly completed a systematic sanitary survey and examination, begun some years ago, of all Ohio streams. The data obtained might be used to show their present condition. By maps and diagrams it would be possible to show at a glance the various points along our rivers where sewage pollution has already reached dangerous proportions, and, to some extent, to indicate the cities of Ohio, where, im the near future, water or sewage purification, or both, will be necessary. In this connection we beg leave to quote extensively from a report to the State Board of Health prepared by Messrs Snow and Barbour, Con- sulting Engineers, on “A Proposed Exhibit of Sewage Purification at the: Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition :” “The question of how best to dispose of the liquid wastes of com- | munities is rapidly coming to the front in Ohio. An awakened interest and desire for actual knowledge is extended in almost every city and large town. A practical illustration of reliable methods of sewage purification on a scale large enough to convey an adequate idea of the construction, oper- ation and relative efficiency of the different methods given at some obtain proper impressions, would meet a public want and result in shaping common place where people interested could make comparisons and’ local sanitary policies. 64 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. It is proposed to eliminate all commercial features and to conduct 4 the exhibit along lines calculated to assist the educational work which your Board is struggling to accomplish. In this way early in the new ‘era of sanitary activity in Ohio will public sentiment be directed in right channels and a great object lesson be afforded that will help dispel stupid ~ skepticism and prejudice, and render less liable costly blunders in public works of a sanitary character. The sewage of the World’s Fair, per day, was 17.5 gallons per paid admission. We have assumed 12 gallons per capita as the probable amount at Toledo. Therefore the sanitary exhibit should be capable of purifying 300,000 gallons of sewage per day. The sewage of maximum days must overflow into the lake; that of minimum days must be supplied from some source without the grounds. The necessity of putting the exhibit in commission at least three months, and preferably six months, in advance of the public opening, makes it necessary that the full amount—300,000 gallons—be obtained for this period from the outside source. It is proposed that the city of Toledo be requested to install an electric pump on an outfall of the city sewer system, and to carry the sewage by a cast iron main through the Boulevard and Avenue, west to the Exposition Grounds and to the exhibit. It is proposed to dispose of its 300,000 gallons of sewage by the following methods, apportioned thus: Chemical Precipitation, 60,000 gallons per day; Aerobic Biolysis, 100,000 gallons per day ; Anaerobic Bolysis, 100,000 gallons per day ; Intermittent Filtration, 30,000 gallons per day ; Irrigation, a greater or less amount, depending upon the neces- sities of the crops. The effluent from the different methods of disposal will be collected in sucha manner that samples can be separately obtained from each bed, and in such a way that it will be open to an easy inspection by visitors. In short, particular care will be taken to make an inspection and study of the operation of the different methods possible, and at the same time to sensually indicate to the average visitor the results obtained. It is suggested that a special report should be issued, preferably by the State Board of Health, and taking the results, costs of construction, etc., of the Centennial Exhibit as a basis for this public document, treating the whole subject of sewage disposal in a manner to present to municipal officers and others directly interested, information which will assist them in determining the best method of dealing with this important problem, whenever it shall come before them. ‘To render this possible, a chemical and bacteriological laboratory is proposed as a necessary part of the exhibit. The sewage will be utilized as the necessities of the crops require. Tobacco, corn, turnips, cabbages, etc., will be raised in the proportion devoted to garden truck, with grass land beyond the barn and a horti- culture exhibit at various points along the drives, supplied with sewage ee Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 65 from the hydrants. Sewage will also be used in sprinkling the lawn in front of the laboratory. ; The gentral effect of the exhibit to the visitar will be to evidence in a practical way the possibilities of the several methods of sewage disposal which are now believed by engineers to have a right to exist in their own particular field, and to éducate him to a better appreciation of what sewage really is, and to the fact that sewage disposal may cease to be regarded.as something which is to be avoided because of an inevitable nuisance, but may rather be made attractive or wholly unsuggestive. And also to make evident to the thoughtful observer that if the economies of one particular city or town or locality makes impossible the use of one method, that there are other methods which are feasible, and can be installed without excessive cost. With this in view, in the construction and choice of materials of the several filters, an attempt will be made to indicate the possibility of util- izing local materials, or those available in Ohio, and to study during the Operation of the exhibit, for the purpose of publishing the information,, the respective merit of these materials. It is proposed that the management of the exhibit be along lines: calculated to increase the attendance. There is a widespread interest in sewage purification, and doubtless many people from all over the country would be attracted to the Exposition by this feature, who would not otherwise attend. The topography of the proposed location will give a most attractive general effect. The trees will be saved so far as possible, and an attempt made to give the laboratory and other buildings and portions of the exhibit the effect of a fine country homestead, surrounded by drives, well- kept lawns, flower gardens, green pastures and a well-stocked barn. The area utilized is about 500 by soo feet, or practically six acres. It js believed that the territory necessary for the exhibit can be utilized in as interesting and profitable a manner as is possible, and that there is enough in the project:to commend it to the promoters of the Exposition, and that the State can make no more timely or important contribution than the funds necessary for this educational feature.” . Such a lesson in sewage purification as is here contemplated would demonstrate that there is no longer an excuse for the pollution of streams by sewage. It would possibly lead to legislation along this line that would eventually result in a reclamation of all our streams. 3. LABORATORY. That the fullest benefit may accrue from the exhibition of sewage and water purification, it will be necessary to provide a Laboratory for the careful, daily study of the results, by chemical and bacteriological examinations. As suggested by the engineers, the results should form 6 OCC 66 Report of the Ohio Centenmal Commission. a basis for a public document on the subject of the purification of sewage and water which could be made of much value to municipal authorities seeking information of this character. * 4. HYGIENE BUILDING. It would be highly desirab‘e to construct a building devoted exclu- sively to Hygiene. The laboratory and the water filter should be in the Hygiene Building. A number of very important lessons, partly indicated further on, in the sanitary construction and arrangement of buildings, both public and private, could be taught by this building. 5. PLUMBING AND HOUSE DRAINAGE, One room in the Hygiene Building might be devoted to demon- strating the principles of correct plumbing. These are comparatively simple, and might easily be taught, the pipes, traps, fixtures, etc., being placed in sight. The proper manner of connecting the house pipes with the yard drain might aiso be shown. In this same room could be exhibited the best arrangement for public baths. Much attention is being given to the subject of public baths in large cities, and the benefits of such institutions might well be brought to the attention of our people. 6. SCHOOL HYGIENE. ‘A room in the Hygiene Building could be devoted to the various phases of School Hygiene. The construction and arrangement of seats ; the position of windows for best lighting effects; the position of black- boards; the proper colors for walls and ceilings; methods of artificial ventilation—these and possibly other points in school hygiene could be demonstrated. 7: CONTAGIOUS DISEASE HOSPITAL. Our people are largely unacquainted with the great advantages, both to patients and to the public, of having hospitals for receiving cases of contagious diseases. ‘The ordinary pest house for small-pox has given an altogether erroneous dea of what the contagious hospital is. Such ‘nstitutions are largely used in Europe, even in rural districts, and are coming into use in the large cities of this country. The proper arrange- ment and construction of such a hospital might be shown in the Hygiene Building. Tn connection with the Contagious Disease Hospital it may be thought desirable to show a Public Disinfecting Station. The whole subject of modern methods of disinfection for the prevention of conta- gious diseases might be taught there. ea, Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 67 8. PRODUCTION OF VACCINE VIRUS. It would be desirable, though it may be found impracticable, to demonstrate the manner of producing bovine virus. Vaccination is losing ground in this country, largely through the active work of a small number of misguided individuals opposed to it. The people do not understand the great care and cleanliness exercised in producing the virus, and a proper demonstration of this would do much to remove unfounded objections against vaccination. It is related in a recent work on vaccination, that in certain parts of France, when an outbreak of smallpox occurs, public vaccinators are sent there with a heifer ripe for taking vaccine virus, and that the people readily submit to vaccination on seeing how the virus is produced, Tney refuse vaccination when the virus is brought to them in the ordinary way. It is possible that some large, reliable producer of vaccine would take hold of this exhibit, if it were thought desirable to request him to ‘do so. This feature of the exhibit we should prefer to have considered as a suggestion rather than a recommendation. 9. DAIRY SANITATION, It would be extremely desirable to make an exhibit of dairy sanita- tion. It is doubtless true that the improper construction of the dairy barn is an important factor in the production of bovine tuberculocis. The improper care of milk, and its infection through carelessness and igno- rance, is the cause of much sickness among milk consumers, A model dairy barn—without the cows—could be a part of the Hygiene Building. . It may be thought more desirable that this should be a part of the Agricultural exhibit. IO. MODERN KITCHEN AND COOKING SCHOOL. This would be an appropriate part of the sanitary exhibit, to be included in the Hygiene Building. In connection with it there could be a valuable demonstration for food adulteration. " II. PRIZE ESSAY, It is recommended that a respectable sum be offered for the best essay on some vital sanitary topic, competition to be open to the world. If this as early as possible; that the essay be short, and that the prize essay be printed in advance for free distribution. 68 Report of the Olio Centennial Commission. 12. EXPLANATORY TRACTS. It is suggested that brief pamphlets pertaining to the various phases of the sanitary exhibit, be printed for free distribution. They should briefly explain: ! (a) Water filtration and the relation of impure water to disease. (b) Sewage purification, and the evils of stream pollution. (¢@), athe principles of good plumbing aud house drainage, shown by diagrams, and the principles governing the construction of a healthy dwelling. . (d) The proper construction of school buildings, and the care to be taken of the eyes of school children. (e) The advantages of Contagious Disease Hospitals, models of their construction, with cost and modern methods of disinfection, public and domestic. - (f) The production of vaccine virus; with a summing up, in a terse, strong article, of the achievements of vaccination. (eda dhe construction of a Model Dairy Barn, and the proper care of dairy cows and milk. (h) The arrangement and care of the kitchen, and the principle of good cooking. 13. SANITARY CONVENTIONS. Public lectures by eminent sanitarians on topics of general interest might be arranged. Possibly some of the International, National and State Sanitary and allied associations could be induced to convene in Toledo during the Exposition. It is not possible to give ‘even estimates of the cost of these various. features proposed as a Sanitary Exhibit. The installation of a sewage purification plant will require a considerable outlay. The Hygiene Build— ing should be in keeping with the other exhibition buildings, and should provide ample room for the various exhibits. We believe that, with an ample appropriation, the Sanitary Exhibit can be made one of the most attractive and interesting features of the Exposition. Considering the purposes in view, and the far reaching effects such an exhibit is sure to have, we feel that in no other direction will greater returns be had for the money expended. In our judgment not less than one hundred thousand dollars should be provided for carrying out the suggestions contained herein. The Board wishes to give assurance of its willingness to lend any assistance in its power in securing a suitable Sanitary Exhibit, and in making it a successful one. I have the honor to be, Very respectfully yours, -C. O. Prosst, Secretary. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 69) [Exhibit B. REPORT TO STATE BOARD OF HEALTH UPON AN EXHIBIT OF SEWAGE PURIFICATION BY SNOW & BARBOUR, CONSULTING ENGINEERS. Boston, Mass., October, 1899. To the Oluo State Board of Health: GENTLEMEN : — In compliance with the request of the Committee on Sanitation of the State Centennial Commission, the undersigned have — in connection with a committee of your Board appointed for the pur— pose — given the matter df a sewage (purification exhibit for the Centennial their attention, and beg to offer at this time the report and plans as agreed upon and recommended. A more detailed statement is in the hands of the committee of your Board. Ohio has already taken an advanced position in this matter by providing, in 1893, that plans for sewerage and sewage purification must be approved by your Board; and in carrying out the plans herein sug— gested for an exhibit, under State auspices, of .the various successful methods of sewage disposal, an impetus will be given to public improve— ments in this direction which will have an important bearing upon the public health. The Ohio Centennial Company, of Toledo, have in contemplation the allotment of a section to “Hygiene” and an adequate treatment of the broad field. The project herein outlined in no way interferes with this treatment, but adds to its value by specializing one important phase of the subject. The question of how best to dispose of the liquid wastes of commun- ities is rapidly coming to the front in Ohio. An awakened interest and desire for actual knowledge is extended in almost every city and large ‘town. A practical illustration of reliable methods of sewage purification on a scale large enough to convey an adequate idea of the construction, opera— tion and relative efficiency of the different methods given at some common place where people interested could make comparisons and obtain proper impressions, would meet a public want and result in shaping local sani— tary policies. To accomplish this purpose it is proposed that the opportunity offered by the Ohio Centennial and Northwest Territory Exposition, be embraced. . It is proposed to eliminate all commercial features and to conduct the exhibit along lines calculated to assist the educational work which your Board is struggling to accomplish. In this way early in the new era of sanitary activity in Ohio will public sentiment be directed in right chan— mels and a great object lesson be afforded that will help dispel stupid 70 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. skepticism and prejudice, and render less liable costly blunders in public 7 works of a sanitary character. The project therefore of necessity is a State project, and falls within the jurisdiction of the State Board of Health. It is this conception of the necessity, scope and object of the exhibit that has been before us, and upon which conclusions have been based. We have carefully revised in detail, the attendance at Atlanta and other expositions, and figuring Toledo on the basis of percentage of pop-— ulation within different zones, an average attendance of 25,000 per day is indicated. : It is believed that the design of the proposed sanitary exhibit properly coming under the immediate supervision of your Board, should be based upon an attendance of this number of people. The average of the World’s Fair, per day, was 17.5 gallons per paid admission. We have assumed 12 gallons per capita as the probable amount at Toledo. Therefore the sanitary exhibit should be capable of purifying 300,000 gallons of sewage per day. The sewage of maximum days must overflow into the lake; that of minimum days must be supplied from some source without the grounds. The necessity of putting the exhibit in commission at least three months, and preferably six months, in advance of the public opening, makes it necessary that the full amount — 300,000 gallons — be obtained for this period from the outside source. It is proposed that the City of Toledo be requested to install an electric pump on an outfall of the city’ sewer system, and to carry the sewage by a cast iron main through the Boulevard and Avenue, west to the Exposition Grounds and to the exhibit. It is proposed to dispose of its 300,000 gallons of sewage by the fol- lowing methods, apportioned thus: Chemical precipitation, 60,000 gallons per day; ‘aerobic biolysis, 100,000 gallons per day; anaerobic biolysis, 100,000 gallons per day; intermittent filtration, 30,000 gallons per day; irrigation, a greater or less amount, depending upon the necessities of the crops. . The effluent from the different methods of disposal will be collected in such a manner that samples can be separately obtained from each bed, and in such a way that it will be open to an easy inspection by visitors. In short, particular care will be taken to make an inspection and study of the operation of the different methods possible, and at the same time to sensually indicate to the average visitor the results obtained. The open effluent conduit will lead to a collecting well, shown on plan, from which the effluent will be raised by electric pump, through a force main to the elevated clear water stand pipe and tower west of fhe laboratory, also shown on plan, from which, under a uniform head, a foun— tain situated in front of the laboratory and any irrigation by sewage effluent can be controlled. The final discharge of the effluent, or that Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 71 portion of it not included for the fountain and irrigation, will be through the outfall to the lake. It is suggested that a special report should be issued, preferably by the State Board of Health, and taking the results, cost of construction, etc., of the Centennial Exhibit as a basis for this public document, treating the whole subject of sewage disposal in a manner to present to municipal officers and others directly interested, information which will assist them in determining the best method of dealing with this important problem, whenever it shall come before them. To render this possible, a chemical and bacteriological laboratory is proposed as a necessary part of the exhibit. CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION. The tank is to be built of concrete, with the upper three feet or more of the walls faced with white enameled brick. It will have a capacity of 30,000 gallons. The sludge will be flushed into the overflow to the lake. The effluent from the tank will be discharged into two filters, one will be worked on the back-flooded principle andthe other as a positive, straight acting filter. Each will be governed by automatic apparatus. ANAEROBIC BIOLYSIS. Two septic tanks, each of 50,000 gallons capacity, or equal to the quantity which it is proposed to handle by this method, will be constructed. These tanks will be covered over and sodded. Provision will be made by a central well with glass sides for inspection of the interior. The effluent from one tank will flow to a back flooded filter, from the other to a positive filter. These filters will be divided and operated in the same manner as described for chemical precipitation. In all cases, provision will be made for collection of the treated sewage at different stages of its purification. | AEROBIC BIOLYSIS. Two coarse beds divided into five parts will be constructed. All of these filters will be worked by back-flooding, and automatically governed. The material of the several portions may be varied for experiment. It is believed that coke and crushed clay will be found most feasible. INTERMITTENT FILTERATION. An area of three-tenths of an acre, divided into four beds, to be au- tomatically closed, will be prepared. Sand will be used as the filtering medium and the sewage applied at the rate of 100,000 gallons per acre. 72 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. IRRIGATION. The sewage will be utilized as the necessities of the crops require. Tobacco, corn, turnips, cabbages, etc., will be raised in the portion devoted’ to garden truck, with green grass beyond the barn and a horticultural exhibit at various points along the drives, supplied with sewage from the hydrants. Sewage will also be used in sprinkling the lawn in tront of the laboratory. The general effect of the exhibit to the visitor will be to evidence in a practical way the possibilities of the several methods of sewage disposal which are believed by engineers to have a right to exist in their own particular field, and to educate him fo a better appreciation of what sewage really is, and to the fact that sewage disposal may cease to be regarded as something which is to be avoided because of an inevitable nuisance, but may rather be made attractive or wholly unsuggestive of offensiveness. And also to make evident to the thoughtful observer that if the economies in one particular city or town or locality makes impossible the use of one method, that there are other methods which are feasible and can be installed without excessive cost. “With this in view, in the construction and choice of materials of the several filters, an attempt will be made to indicate the possibility of utiliz- ing local materials, or those available in Ohio, and to study during the operation of the exhibit, for the purpose of publishing the information, the respective merit of these materials. It is proposed that the management of the exhibit be along lines cal- culated to increase the attendance. There-is a wide-spread interest in sewage purification, and doubtless many people from all over the country would be attracted to the Exposition by this feature, who would not other- wise attend. The topography of the proposed location will give a most attractive general effect. The trees will be saved so far as possible, and an attempt made to give the laboratory and other buildings and portions of the ex- hibit the effect of ‘a fine country homestead, surrounded by drives, well kept lawns, flower gardens, green pastures and a well stocked barn. The area utilized is about 500 by 500 feet, or practically six acres. It is be- lieved that the territory necessary for the exhibit can be utilized in as interesting and profitable a manner as is possible, and that there is enough in the project to commend it to the promoters of the Exposition, and that the State can make no more timely or important contribution than the funds necessary for this educational feature. The estimated cost of the proposed exhibit, including first cost and cost of maintenance, is ninety thousand ($90,000) dollars. Respectfully submitted, Snow & BARBOUR, Consulting Engineers. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 73 EXHIBIT 8. REPORT OF COFMPMITTEE ON FORESTRY EXHIBIT. ‘Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centenmal Comnussion : , GENTLEMEN :—The Committee on Forestry Exhibit begs leave to ‘present the following report: It is the opinion cf the Committee that in order to ee out the best educational, historical and economic features of the Ohio ‘Centennial in every respect, there should be ample provision made for the Ohio State Forestry Exhibit, which should be made to show the forest products ‘of the State in all their respects. The value and attractiveness of this exhibit will depend to a very great extent on thoroughness of prepara- tion, and proper presentation. The last named feature will depend in a ‘great measure on the building——its size and form. The Forestry exhibit can be made very attractive and creditable, and we should not delegate to the background the educational and scientific -advantages to be derived from such an exhibit. It is an undisputed fact that the forests of Ohio are not cared for and preserved as they should be, and our people need to be educated as to the’necessity of keeping up ‘the acreage of our. forests, not only for present utility and beauty, but also on account of the great value that our forest products will be to ‘the coming generations for manufacturing and scientific purposes. There has been placed in the hands of the Committee a paper of plans and estimates for a Forestry Exhibit, prepared by Prof. W. A. Kellerman of the Ohio State University. Prof. Kellerman estimates that the expense of preparing and setting up the exhibit including supervision ‘and all other necessary expenses, will probably not exceed $9,500. It is therefore recommended that $10,000 of the State Appropriation hereafter to be made by the Ohio State Legislature, be appropriated for the purpose of preparing, setting up and supervising, Forestry Exhibit in accordance with the plans prepared by Prof. Kellerman. There have also been placed in the hands of the Committee, draw- ings and estimates for a Forestry Building. The estimated cost of the building is $8,794.00. The committee recommend that $10,000.00 be ‘appropriated for the purpose of erecting a suitable building for the For- estry Exhibit. The committee has ascertained that it will be necessary to begin the ‘preparation of the Forest Exhibit this year, and that a sum of money ' 74 7 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. not to exceed $175.00 will be needed at once to begin and carry on the- work. It is the opinion of the tommittee that the work of beginning the: preparation of the exhibit should not be delayed by the withholding of the small amount of money required. Therefore, we recommend that the State Commission authorize the payment out of the State Appropriation for the expenses of the State Commission of such an amount of money as may be necessary to carry on the work, not to exceed $175.00, until the State appropriation here- after to be made becomes available. Referring to the papers of plans and estimates for the Forestry Exhibit, and drawings and estimates for a Forestry Building, they are included in and made a part of this report, and as such are submitted to. you for your inspection and approval. It is the opinion of the committee, that after the close of the Centen- nial Exposition, the Forestry Exhibit should remain the property of the: State of Ohio and be under: the control of the Ohio State University. Respectfully submitted, T. G. DOoNALDsON, Geo. K. OTIs, D. E. McLean, Committee. Cotumsus, April 11, 1899. Col. James Kilbourne, President Ohio Centennial Commission. Dear Si1r:—In accordance with your suggestion during our recent conversation, I have prepared an outline and suggestions, with careful estimate of expenses, for a State Forestry Exhibit for the Ohio Cen- tennial. I have contemplated a very complete Exhibit which will show our forests and forest products in all their respects dwelling largely on the useful or economic phases but not losing sight of the historic and educa- tional, not excluding the scientific features. The value of the exhibit will depend largely on its completeness; and while my outline is rather full, it will be doubtless possible to amplify still further and perhaps intro- duce new features. + The proper presentation of the exhibit is a matter of importance, and accordingly I have asked one of my colleagues, Professor Bradford, to submit suggestions as to main features, size and cost of a suitable For- estry Exhibition Building. His report and sketch are given as an appendix to this communication, Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. Td PLANS OF FORESTRY EXHIBIT. I. THE QO NATIVE KINDS OF OHIO TREE AND THEIR USES. This would form the main bulk of the exhibit and would include long- itudinal and transverse sections of trunks of each species; showing the~ leaves, twigs, fruits, bark, sap-wood and heart-wood; also the grain or fibre of each kind of samples split from the trunk; and dressed and: polished samples. Also samples of wood used in construction and interior finish; for~ manufactures of all kinds ; woods used in all the arts and industries of life; for vehicles, implements, tools, handles, instruments, machinery, etc. The samples would exhibit the stages of the manufacture and the pro- gressive changes from the raw material to the finished product in each case. When the finished product is too large for exhibition purposes, models could be substituted when desirable. Another feature of this portion of the Exhibit would be samples of such product as involve a complete change in texture or appearance of the wood, as wood-pulp or paper, tanning and tanning materials, etc. The arrangement of all the above ‘would be appropriate and in- structive. Thus the twelve kinds of Ohio oaks would be together, the six kinds of hickory, the five kinds of ash, the three kinds of elm, the two. kinds of Buckeye, etc. Then all of the wood and material illustrating the uses and products of each kind of tree would be shown in direct con- nection with the samples illustrating that species of tree. Thus for ex- ample with the trunks, twigs, leaves, fruit, and materials used for the- general illustration of the beech, would be grouped all the manufactured’ products and samples showing stages of the manufacture of the beech wood. Each species of tree would have the common English name printed’ in distinct, bold, plain letters and placed in suitable position. The expense of this portion of the exhibit including the entire work of collecting and preparing the material, traveling expenses, labelling, and finishing everything ready for setting-up in the exhibition room would be five thousand dollars. The exhibit complete as outlined above for that amount of money could, in my judgment, only be made in case the plan: would receive early approval and steps taken without delay for its exe-- cution. 2. HANDLING TIMBER AND LUMBER, This would be an exhibition of old methods in vogue in the early part of the century, and the progressive changes to date. Models and’ pictures would necessarily be employed to, complete this phase of the ex- hibition. The probable expense would be three hundred and fifty dollars,. more or less. "16. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 3. WOOD PANELS, These would be finished in the natural color, highly polished but _ not stained except in cases where it is desired to bring out special effects.” - At least 200 specimens would be needed to show the grain and figure in all ‘the variations ; they should be at least 12x18 inches. Such important cabi- ‘net wood as the oaks, cherry, walnut, birch, etc., predominating in number. Each specimen would be plainly labeled. This part of the exhibition ‘would be a conspicuous feature, but the cost need not be over three hun- dred and fifty dollars. . 4. THIN SECTIONS AND MICROSCOPIC SECTIONS. The minute and microscopic structure of each kind of wood shown by sections cut thin by Houghs’s method; also photographs representa- tions and reproductions. Estimated cost one hundred and fifty dollars. 5. . PHOTOGRAPHS OF TREES AND TRANSPARENCIES. Photos to illustrate the general shape, character, appearance of each kind of species of native trees, and group of trees. Photo of each in the winter condition and of the same from the same point of view in foliage. Also transparencies, some or all of which could be used in the windows of the Forestry Building. Cost three hundred and fifty dollars. 6. ENLARGED PICTURES AND ACCOUNT OF HISTORIC TREES. Besides those df special historic interest, a few conspicous trees from “historic sites could be added, used to advantage in the general effect of the -exhibition: brief accounts would be printed for each specimen. Probable cost about two hundred and fifty dollars. 7° NATIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS. These should be shown in frames behind glass. Not only the plants, “but also the crude drugs and the medicinal portions as found in commerce would be exhibited together. Perhaps 150 species should be shown. Cost three hundred dollars. 8. FLESHY FRUITS OF THE NATIVE SHRUBS AND TREES. These should be shown in jars in a preservative fluid, the natural color and proper appearance being retained. Estimated cost complete with ‘labels, one hundred dollars. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. | 77 Q. NATIVE POISONOUS PLANTS. The specimens would be mounted like ordinary herbaceous specimens but exhibited in frames. About thirty kinds; plainly labeled, and the poisonous properties and locations in the plant indicated. Water color representation of the Poison Ivy, Swamp, Sumac, and a few other prom— inent kinds would be included. Cost about one hundred dollars. IO. BAST AND FIBRE PLANTS. Several native Ohio plants produce a fair fibre and useful bast; these: would be specially illustrated by samples of the plant and product. Cost perhaps fifty dollars. | II. EDIBLE FUNGI. (MUSHROOM.) These should be shown in jars in a preservative fluid; also printings of the same; the poisonous species likely tor be mistaken for edible uses should be indicated. Printed descriptions would be needed. Estimated. cost one hundred and fifty dollars. [2.\ ECONOMIC FUNGI. Specimens and drawings would be used for those wood fungi that: cause decay of timber and the rot—-fungi that cause decay of lumber. In this connection samples might be shown that illustrate the use of the pre— servatives and anticeptics for the preservation of the wood. Probable cost one hundred and fifty dollars. 13. DECAY OF ‘TIMBER. Numerous samples and sections to show stages of decay, and its effect on the appearance and quality of the wood. Probable cost one hundred and fifty dollars. I4. ABNORMAL GROWTHS. This part of the collection would include knots, witches brooms, growths due to pressure and other interference. Also special growths due to diseased conditions; monstrosities (as the double trunk tree near Leba— non); growth due to the attacks of animals, etc. This portion of the exhibit would be very striking and add much to the entertainment of the public. Estimated cost, two hundred and fifty dollars. ° “78 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. I5. STATISTICS. These would be on large framed charts, could be considerably ex— “tended, including such items as area of forest in Ohio, value of products, number of manufactures, distribution of special species of trees, etc. Cost, -say one hundred and fifty dollars. a 16. LIVING PLANTS FOR ORNAMENTS. This would include about twenty of our showy native Ferns growing in suitable flower pots or boxes; also a large number of hanging baskets containing suitable native plants; and many other Ohio plants, that have attractive foliage or flowers. All of them would be properly labeled with the English name in plain, black letters, and the fact noted that they are native plants of Ohio. They would be used in the Forestry Building to enhance the artistic effect and in fact may be looked upon as necessary _ for that purpose. The planting immediately adjacent to the Forestry Building would be independent of and not included in that contemplated -above, and no estimate is.given for that planting. The cost here sug> gested is solely for the plants that should be provided for use within the Forestry Building. Estimated cost, including the reserve supply and ‘renewal during the Centennial, three hundred dollars. SUPERVISION AND TOTAL COST. The several items in the above estimate have been based on my own experience in collecting and preparing similar material, and I am sure that a complete, perfect, attractive and creditable exhibit as outlined above can be made — provided I have sufficient time for the work — for the amount of money called for. To this must be added the probable cost of setting up the exhibit, which may be safely estimated at four hundred -and fifty dollars. For supervising and carrying out my plan as given above -or modifying in detail if necessary, fully completing the exhibit, including also the installation of the same, ready for the opening day of the Cen- tennial, I would charge a sum that would represent only the pay of ordi— nary non-expert labor, covering the entire time of preparing and complet— ing the exhibit, namely, nine (9) hundred dollars, to be paid in periodical installments after the work was begun and continued until its completion. The total cost of the exhibit, complete and in place, including also my ~wages, would therefore be nine thousand and five hundred dollars. I would undertake to do the work as indicated above only on this -condition, namely, that at the close of the Centennial the complete exhibit should remain the property of the State of Ohio and be placed in the custody of the Ohio State University. Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 19 We have, however, determined approximately the size of the building ~that will be needed and the probable cost of the same. The length of the building will be, according to our plans, two hun- -dred (200) feet. The width at the widest point will be one hundred (100 )t feet, . : The cost of the building, such as we are planning, will be between ' «six and seven thousand dollars — not over seven thousand dollars. ‘Respectfully submitted, W. A. KELLERMAN. 80 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission, EXHIBIT 9. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON WOMEN’S WORK. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Olo Centenmal Commission : \ GENTLEMEN :—The action of the Ohio Centennial Commission in providing for women as Associate Sub-Commissioners in the several counties, and the almost unanimous approval of the Commission, of plans laid before that body by the women of Toledo, would seem to settle the status of women at the Ohio Exposition of 1902. As far as heard from, the women of Ohio, working in any organized capacity, are in cordial sympathy with the co-operative idea, and several of the larger organiza- tions of women, numbering tens of thousands, are now actively at work in pursuance of this idea, It is therefore recommended by this com- mittee, that there be no division of the sexes in the buildings and depart- ment work at the Exposition, but that wherever men and women are associated together in the daily walks and associations of life, as well as in the several pursuits, professions" and avocations, they co-operate together for the good of the whole. There would, therefore, be no Women’s Building, but instead, we would recommend that there be an Organization Building, which would be the central gathering place of the several boards and committees as well as of the Ohio Centennial Commission, and other constituted bodies, working for the Exposition. Also, to be used as headquarters of o1 ganizations, holding their meetings. there, where associations of men, or associations of womet, or associa- tions having mixed memberships. This room should be provided with a large general reception room, with rooms for boards and committees and an auditorium that would seat five or six thousand people. Around the auditorium should be alcoves, where state organizations could take up permanent headquarters, and set up their organization banners. It is also recommended that there be an Ohio Educational Building, which shall be in the nature of a model, up-to-date school, with every department of education represented, beginning with the kindergarten, and including Manual Training and Domestic Science, which embraces. Scientific Cookery and Sewing. This should be a graded building with schools in practical operation, such as was recommended to the Com- mission at their Toledo meeting by the Superintendent of Toledo Schools. It is recommended that in the department of music, art, horticulture, floriculture, science, education, reform, charities, and so on, that there be representation of women on the boards and committees, and that to Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 81 carry out this idea, there be a Children’s Building to embrace a Day Nursery and kindred charities, and a model Hospital Building, in which the women of the Red Cross Society, Sisters of Charity, and Public and Private Hospital Boards might establish model training schools and make exhibits of their facilities for the care of the sick and unfortunate. It is further recommended that we recognize ‘the movement to build a permanent Monumental Building on the Exposition grounds, in which the Ohio Centennial Association is engaged, such building to be used for the purpose of History and the Fine Arts, and consecrated to the memory of the men and women of Ohio and the Northwest Territory for the century passing away. Also that we ask an enabling act from the legis- lature to add the funds that would be otherwise appropriated by the State for these purposes, to any volunteer fund that may be raised for the erection of such building, it being understood that the building shall be under the care of the State of Ohio in perpetuity. We recommend an appropriation for women’s work and building on educational lines of $60,000. Respectfully, Joun M. StTutt, HEnry FLEsuH, Maurice H. DoNAHUE, CPO 82 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. EXHIBIT to. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY. ~ Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centennial Commission: GENTLEMEN : — An adequate exhibition at the coming Centennial of the archeological and ethnological facts of Ohio calls for an appropriation of about $25,000, and that amount can be spent in a manner which will not only furnish a most attractive temporary exposition, but will provide a great amount of material of permanent value at the service of the State for the Museum of the Archeological and Historical Society at Columbus. The various items may be enumerated in the following order: I. THE GROUNDS. A few hundred dollars may profitably be expended upon the grounds at Toledo in addition to the general preparation of the grounds. By devoting proper attention to the plans of the landscape architect at Toledo, they may be made specially attractive and serviceable to our department by having a portion marked off to represent the outlines and the physical geography of the State upon which could be located earth models, in their proper position, of the most remarkable mounds and inclosures of the State. These would remain there as a permanent improvement. Whoever is to be appointed Director of the Archeological Department should know of his appointment as early as possible, so as to consult with the authorities who are now preparing the grounds at Toledo. Possibly they may be persuaded to do all this work. $500. 2. ORIGINAL EXPLORATION. Six thousand dollars should be appropriated for exploration of mounds and earthworks within the State to be begun as early as possible in the year 1900. The importance of this will be seen when we recall the fact that heretofore the results of the most important explorations of the mounds have gone permanently outside of the State. The great Squier and Davis collection was purchased by Mr. Blackmore and taken to his museum in Salisbury, England, and thither attracts a constant stream of visitors, The British Museum is better supplied with the relics of Ohio archeology than is any museum within the State. The Directors of the - Columbian Exposition in Chicago appropriated several thousand dollars for the exploration of mounds in Ohio. The relics which were obtained by Mr. Moorehead by the expenditure of this sum were the most remark— able that had ever been found, and attracted more attention than anything Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. - 83 else in that department at Chicago. They are now the permanent prop— erty of the Field Museum in Chicago. But the archzological fields await— ing exploration in our State are probably by no means exhausted. A judicious expenditure of a few thousand dollars by our leading archzolo— . gists, under the general direction of the Centennial Committee, in fifteen or twenty carefully selected localities, would doubtless procure archzo— logical treasures of unparalleled value which, after their use at Toledo, would become moré and more prized in the permanent collection at Colum-— bus. $6,000. 3. LOCAL COLLECTIONS. Large space should be provided for the archzological collections of local societies and collectors in different parts of the State. These would have to be cared for and returned to their owners without loss. It is difficult to tell exactly what the cost of this would ‘be. Probably about $2,000. 4. MODEL OF THE STATE. A large plaster—cast model of the State, showing the physical geogra— phy, with miniature models on it of the principal earthworks in their proper locality. This will be in sections, so it can be removed to our permanent collection in Columbus. $1,500. 5. MAPS. A collection of maps in the hands of private parties showing the orig— inal distribution of the Indian tribes that occupied our territory and illus— trating their various migrations. ‘These could be loaned in part; but a large map should be prepared by hand upon which these facts could be incorporated on such scale as to be easily visible. The total cost of this would be about $500. 6. ETHNOLOGICAL COLLECTION: A collection of skulls and skeletons of prehistoric men found in mounds and burial places. This will illustrate the mingling of prehistoric races upon our soil, as shown by the difference between the skulls found in the mounds of the southern part of the State and those found in the burial places of the northern part. $500. 7. HISTORY OF ARCHAOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS. The preparation and publication of a complete history of archzeolog— ical investigations in Ohio, with abundant illustrations and diagrams. This could be offered for sale at cost price, the balance unsold belonging to the State, under'the care of the Archeological Society, and used for exchange for the permanent increase of the library. Two thousand dollars would probably cover the first cost. $2,000. - 84 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 8. COMPARATIVE COLLECTION OF ARCHEOLOGICAL RELICS FROM OTHER STATES OF THE UNION AND FROM OTHER PORTIONS OF THE WORLD. This would consist either of materials loaned or of models and casts) the latter remaining the permanent property of the State for the collection at Columbus. Two thousand dollars could well be expended in this depart— ment. $2,000. Q. IDEAL CONSTRUCTION OF PREHISTORIC HABITATIONS ILLUSTRATING LIFE AMONG THE MOUND BUILDERS, THE INDIAN TRIBES, THE PIONEER WHITES AND THE PRESENT TIME. This would probably require $2,000. These will remain the perma— nent property of the State after their use by the Exposition. $2,000. I0. ETHNOLOGICAL MAPS AND DIAGRAMS. Series of maps showing the portions of the State occupied by settlers from different portions of the country, and the progressive relations of their descendants and of later immigrants from foreign countries. $200. II. EXPOSITION BUILDING $7,000. I2. UNFORESEEN SUNDRIES. $800. Of course it is impossible at the present time to make very accurate estimate upon these various points. As we progress in the work, some of the departments will seem to require more, and others less, than is here indicated; but the figures are, we think, approximately correct. If the sums seem larger than may have been anticipated, it is proper to renew attention to the fact that fully one-half of the expenditure is for material which will not only be of permanent value to the State, but will, the most of it, be of increasing value. The results of our explorations belong to that class-of things to which the lapse of time continues to add a value of its own. In its archeological remains, Ohio stands far ahead of any other State of the Union. An adequate collection within the borders of the State of these archzeological treasures will insure, throughout all time, a continuous stream of students and tourists to witness the visible relics of prehistoric times. In no other department will our exhibition be so unique and attract so much attention. In other things we are like much of the rest of the world. In archzological treasures we are superior to all. Respectfully submitted, Jesse P. ForBEs, N. P. RAMSEY, L. J. FENTON, Committee Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 85 EXHIBIT 11. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON BUILDING. Col. Jas. Kilbourne, President, and Members of the Ohio Centennial Commission : GENTLEMEN :—Your Committee having charge of this important department of the Ohio Centennial, beg leave to report as follows: It is the opinion of your committee that the architectural features of the Centennial should be in all respects adequate and commensurate with the importance of the event to be celebrated; that the buildings should be of a very attractive character and of a high order of archi- tecture, and that their features as a whole should be harmonious, pleasing in effect, sympathetic in character, and ina general way be of such classi- fication of architecture as will best serve the wants of the different exhibits and give character to the various uses for which they may be erected. The architecture of to-day shows, perhaps as much, if not more than any other branch of the industrial arts, the march of progress and improvement in the century past, and we believe it possible on this account to present to the people of this great State and of our sister States, results, in the fitness, strength and beauty of the buildings to be erected, that will prompt from all, commendation and praise. To this end we would respectfully recommend that in the erection of all structures the best architectural talent should be secured, and that this may be made as much if not more of an attractive feature than any other. In the planning and plotting of all buildings, we would recommend that the rule followed at Chicago and Omaha be enforced, namely, a pleasing and effective grouping of the whole—with harmonious archi- tectural features ; holding all cornice lines to a common level, and that all buildings should be constructed of such material as will insure their safety and utility, and that they may be as far as possible in the style of the classics. In particular we would recommend, first that a grand feature be made of the Administration Building, which should in our Opinion be constructed so as to form a part of the grand entrance or gateway to the grounds. This building should be used solely for the officers and administration of the affairs of the centennial and should contain not less than 15,000 square feet of floor surface, and cost sixty-five thousand ($65,000) dollars. 86 Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. A building devoted to the display of manufactures and the liberal arts, to contain not less than 125,000 square feet of floor surface, and to cost two hundred thousand ($200,000.) dollars. A building devoted to machinery and the display of the mechanical’ arts and power to contain not less than 100,000 square feet of surface, and to cost one hundred and twenty thousand ($120,000) dollars. A building devoted to agriculture, horticulture and floriculture to contain not less than 90,000 square feet and to cost one hundred and ten thousand ($110,000) dollars. A building devoted to fine arts and to sciences, to contain not less than 40,000 square feet and to cost seventy-five thousand ($75,000) dollars. A building devoted to mines and mining, to contain not less than 20,000 square feet, and to cost twenty-eight thousand ($28,000) dollars. A building devoted to the department of electricity, to contain not less than 20,000 square feet, and to cost twenty-five thousand ($25,000) dollars. An Auditorium building for the purpose of public entertainments and assemblies, to contain not less than 25,000 square feet and to cost twenty- two thousand ($22,000) dollars. A building or buildings for the department of public comfort, safety and service, to contain not less than 10,000 square feet and to cost twelve thousand five hundred ($12,500) dollars. A building devoted to the display of transportation to contain not less than 80,000 square feet, and to cost ninety-five thousand ($95,000) dollars. A building devoted to fish and fisheries and game, to contain not less than 18,000 square feet, and to cost seventy-two thousand ($72,000) dollars. A building devoted to forestry to contain not less than 23,000 square feet and to cost twenty thousand ($20,000) dollars. A building or buildings devoted to Hygiene and Sanitation, to contain not less than 50,000 square feet, and to cost forty-two thousand ($42,000) dollars. A building devoted to Archeological and and Ethnological displays, to contain not less than 30,000 square feet, and to cost forty-five thousand ($45,000) dollars. A building devoted to Education and Schools, to contain not less than 18,000 square feet, and to cost eighty-five thousand ($85,000) dollars. A building dedicated to the uses of the people of the State of Ohio. This building in our opinion should be built from materials that are, produced from this State, should be permanent in character, and should Report of the Ohio Centennial Commission. 87 cost not less than three hundred thousand ($300,000) dollars. The first floor should be devoted to committee and meeting rooms, places of com- fort and convenience for each congressional district throughout the State, with recommendation that such congressional districts through their rep- resentatives in this Commission should furnish and fully care for; that there should be a rotunda, a general lobby of very handsome character, and that all parts above the ground floor should be devoted to the display , of history and relics and should be made permanent in character. Provision should also be made for a Woman’s Building, the raising of the necessary moneys for this purpose, the designing and caring for same, should be in charge of the Lady Associate Commissioners, who should at all times receive the necessary aid from the various bodies in office. | It is the opinion of your committee that this commission will need in funds to erect suitably and maintain and equip the buildings that may come under their jurisdiction and care, the sum of eight hundred thou- sand ($800,000) dollars. All of which is respectfully submitted. N. P. RAMSEy, Wm. H. Stewart, D. E. McLean, Committee. Dated Dec, 15, 1899. a ee DATE DUE ai ae a 2 cy dD = = 4 = ’ - » DEMCO 38-297 yy eee @ en ats 8 AH 19893 507107 (04 Ohio. Centennial commis- _ Report. : AHise3 —— SOTIOT O4 iin 7 7 ji AN l