COLLECTION  OF  PURITAN  AND 
 ENGLISH  THEOLOGICAL  LITERATURE 
 
 I 
 
 LIBRARY  OF  THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 
 PRINCETON,  NEW  JERSEY 
 
 5".    Z  .    B  2- 
 
 LIBRARY  OF  THE  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 
 
 PRINCETON,    N.    J. 
 
 Purchased  by  the 
 Mrs    Robert  Lenox   Kennedy  Church    History   Fund. 
 
 Division ^—  ^^— 
 
 Section ^jL-i^    O       r 
 
 \ 
 
/  \  ovs.e. 
 
 AN 
 
 HISTORICALL  VINDICATI  ON 
 
 Ch 
 
 OF    THE 
 
 1 
 
 urcti  o 
 
 f  En 
 
 In  point    of 
 O        V-y        Jrl       X       j5        1V1X^^(;.*LS0 
 
 As  it  flands  feparatcd  from  the  Roman> 
 
 and  was  reformed  I.  Elizabeth. 
 
 Deur«  xxxij.  7. 
 
 Remember  the  dtyes  of  old ,  conCiier  the  years  of m.wy  generations . 
 i^sk  thy  Father  yar^dhe'^ill/helifthee'^  thy  elders  ^  and  they  1^1  !l 
 tell  thee. 
 
 jciciniah  vj.  16. 
 
 o/.f/'  for  the  old  paths ,  liohere  is  the  good  l\oay  ^  mdl^xlk  therein  • 
 Andyefodlfindrejl for  your  fouls . 
 
 L  0  N  D  0  K, 
 
 Printed  by  R.  D  a  n  i  e  l^  for  VcViicl  Takeman  at  the 
 Q\am'bQyy  near  the  Inner  Ttm/)lc  gate,  1657. 
 
tliers  , 
 felves. 
 
 To  the 
 
 %   E  A  T>  E  "R. 
 
 ^Knovv  how  eafily  men  are 
 drawn  to  believe,  their  own 
 obfervations  and  expreflions 
 may  prove  as  welcome  to  o- 
 
 as  they  are  pleafing  to  them- 
 And  thoujrh  few  books  live 
 
 longer  then  the  Authors  who  fend  them 
 to  the  prefiTe  ,  and  fewer  avoid  an  opi- 
 nion they  might  have  been  as  well 
 fpared  as  come  abroad  •  yet  neither  the 
 hazard  their  makers  run  ,  nor  the  litde 
 gain  they  reap,  can  hind;::r  thofe  have  a 
 Genius  that  way,  from  furipering  others 
 to  be  as  well  Mafters  and  cenfurers  of 
 their  thoughts  as  themfdvcs* 
 
 This  being  then  the  venture  every 
 
 A  3        writer 
 
To  the  %cader. 
 
 writer  expofes  himfelf  unto,the  Reader 
 may  not  a  little  marvell  how  I  have 
 been  brought  to  hazard  my  lelf on  the 
 fame  Seas  I  have  feen  (o  many  Ship'- 
 wrackt  in  J  fhall  defire  him  to  adde  this 
 
 ^S'^S  ^^  what  is  already  in  the  firfl  chapter,as 
 
 g;r;:«,.  my  Apology. 
 
 eT/I^'c^-      Reading  fome  times  in  ^aroniuSy^  that 
 
 thol'ua  con-  111*  111  '        \        i^^       i 
 
 futvouni.     all  things  were  well  done  in  the  v^atno- 
 
 ^xiQVi,Ama.l.    i.    %     /^>i  ill  11  •         • 
 
 tom.<i,Am,  iicK  L>hurch  had  venerable  antiquity 
 ^.^Kc*^"'  for  their  warrant -,  and  that  the  Roman 
 'W^i^^l^''  ^burch  did  not  prefcribe  any  thing  as 
 ^^!^i'acL  ^^1^  l^^ly  tenet, but  fuch  onely  as  deli- 
 ^rZ/.W  vered  by  the  Apoftles,  preferved  by  the 
 ^/etqiitlb^A.  Fathers^werebyour aneeftors  tran'mft- 
 
 VofioHs  trail'  \   r  \  I  1 
 
 ^^,^ /.i.jw- ted  from  them  to  US  •  1  cannot  deny  to 
 
 bus  deduha^    •  «  1         >-  P  •     1        in  1 
 
 ^^tfibu^fer-  have  thousrht  Ciox  certainly  1  ruth  is 
 
 vata  accepif-  .  ^  ^  ^  N       1    *        1       * 
 
 fet.h^cipfa,  more  ancient  then  t/rror j  this  beins; 
 
 utpotcfacro-  /^  i  •  t 
 
 fn„aa,>,:.  made  good ,  and  that  flie  did  commend 
 'in^^hu'^'  them  to  us,in  no  other  degree  of  neceffity 
 ^dfmdf,Zdcm  then  thofe  former  ages  had  done,but  flie 
 i^lSr^-"'  had  much  more  realon  on  her  fide  then 
 roMom.l''  I  had  formerly  conceived  her  to  have: 
 ZV''-  but 
 
To  the  T\eadcr. 
 
 but  in  examining  the  airertions^itfcem, 
 ed  to  me  not  onely  otherwife ,  but  that 
 JearnedCardinall  not  to  have  ever  been 
 in  this  confonant  to  himfelt, '  confeffing  csamTifsmo: 
 theCathohck  Church  not alvvayes,  (3c  '«'^"p'^'^^/^- 
 m  all  thinirs  ,  to  follow  the  mterpreta-  '!:"'  "^^ . 
 tions  or  the  molt  holy  r  athers*  ^^^^'f;'' 
 
 On  the  other  fide,  it  feemed  to  me  IftJT 
 
 *  tU'-  f  torn, I, 
 
 fomewhat  hard  to  affirm  the  Papacy  ;]^'lt//' 
 had  incroached  on  the  Eng/i/h:,^nd  uqu 
 ther  inftance  when,  where,  nor  how. 
 
 Hereupon  5  as  1  perufed  our  ancient 
 Laws^and  Hiftories^l  began  to  obferve 
 ail  changes  in  matters  Ecclefiafticall  re- 
 ported by  them  •  in  which  i  had  lome- 
 times  fpeech  with  that  learned  Gentle- 
 man I  mention  in  the  firft  chapter, 
 whom  I  ever  found  a  perfon  of  great 
 candor ,  integrity ,  and  a  true  Engliili- 
 man.  1  noted  like  wife  how  the  Refor- 
 mation of  Religion  was  begun  with  us, 
 how  cautioufly  our  anceftors  proceed- 
 ed, not  to  invade  the  Rights  ot  any,but 
 
 A  ^  to 
 
To  the  %eader. 
 
 to  conferve  their  own.  Many  years  af- 
 ter, 1  know  not  by  what  fate,  there  was 
 put  into  my  hands  ("as  a  piece  not  ca- 
 pable of  anfwer ,  in  relation  as  well  to 
 the  fact  as  reafon  it  carried^  without 
 at  all  my  feeking  after  it,  or  hearing  of 
 It ,  a  treatife  of  the  Schifme  o? England y 
 carrying  the  name  of  one  l^hiltpScoty 
 but,  as  told  me,  compofed  by  a  perfon 
 of  greater  eminency ,  dedicated  to  both 
 theL^niverlities,  and  printed  permi/Ju 
 fuperiorum^  trul  y ,  in  my  judgment ,  nei^ 
 therilliteratly  nor  immodcftly  writ:  but 
 in  reading  of  it ,  1  found  fundry  parti^ 
 culars,  fome  perhaps  onely  intimated, 
 others  plainly  fet  down,  I  could  no  way 
 ailent  unto  •  as  that  Qlement  the  v\].  did 
 exercife  no  other  audlority  in  the 
 Church  then  Cjregory  the  great  had 
 done,  That  the  Religion  brought  hither 
 by  Augujline  varyed  not  from  that  was 
 before  the  Reformation  ,  Thwatthe£^/- 
 gliflj  made  the   feparation   from   the 
 
 Church 
 
To  the  T\cndcr. 
 
 Church  oF  %omc ,  That  in  doing  fo 
 we  departed  from  the  Church  Ca- 
 thohck. 
 
 I  was  not  i2;norant  it  mi^ht  be 
 found  in  the  writings  or  fbme  Pro- 
 teftants,as  if  we  departed  from  T^frtuc-, 
 which  I  conceive  is  to  be  under- 
 flood  inrefpe6f  of  the  Tenets  we  ie- 
 parate  from  holding  Articles  of 
 fiith ,  not  of  the  manner  how  it  was 
 made. 
 
 Having  gone  through  the  book ,  I 
 began  to  look  over  my  former 
 noteS;  and  putting  them  for  my  own 
 fitisfi6fion  in  order  ,  found  them 
 fvvell  farther  then  I  exped:ed  •■>  Vrceum 
 mjlitui,  exit  amphora  :  and  when  they 
 vverepkiccd  together,!  f  hewed  them 
 to  fome  very  good  friend s,to  whole 
 earneff  perfwafions  ( being  fuch  as 
 might  difpofe  of  me  and  mine ,  )  I 
 have  in  the  end  been  forced  to  yield, 
 making  thee  partaker  of  that  I  never 
 
 in- 
 
or. 
 
 0  the  '\B^ader. 
 
 intended  fiiould  have  paft  farther 
 then  their  eyes. 
 
 Yet  in  obeying  them  I  fliall  defire 
 to  be  rightly  underftood  5  That  as  I 
 do  not  in  this  take  upon  me  the  dif^ 
 puting  the  truth  of  any  controver- 
 iiail  tenet ,  in  difference  between  us 
 and  the  Church  of  Ro;w^,{b  1  meddle 
 not  with  any  thing  after  Tius  quintm 
 came  to  the  Papacyjwhofiril  by  pri- 
 vate prad:iies,and  then  open  excom- 
 munication of  her  Majefly ,  declared 
 himlelf  an  enemy  ,&  in  open  hofti- 
 lity  with  this  ftate,  which  therefore 
 might  have  greater  reafon  to  pre  - 
 vent  his  endeavours,byfome  more 
 fharp  laws  againil:  fuch  as  wxrc  here 
 of  his  inclinationjthen  had  been  feen 
 formerly :  with  which  I  meddle  not.. 
 
 Thus  the  Reader  hath  the  truth, 
 both  how  I  came  to  compofe  ,  and 
 how  to  print  this.  I  f  he  find  any  thing 
 in  it  like  him ,  he  muft  thank  the  im- 
 port 
 
7~(?  the  Kcadcr. 
 
 portunity  of  others;  if  to  mifcloubt, 
 I  sivc  him  in  the  mamin  wiiat  hath 
 lead  me  to  that  I  affirm;  if  to  dillike , 
 his  loUe  will  not  be  great  either  in 
 time  or  coft :  and  perhaps  it  may  in- 
 cite him  to  do  better  in  the  lame  ar- 
 gument ,  andfiiew  me  my  errours, 
 which  (proceeding  from  a  mind 
 hath  not  other  intent  then  the  dif- 
 covery  of  truth)  no  man  Ihall  be 
 gladder  to  lee  ,  and  readier  to  ac- 
 knowledge then 
 
 From  my  Houfe  in 
 
 laJlPeckham  the  Roger  TTD^fden. 
 
 ij.  May  M  dc  Lvii. 
 
.  A     T  A  B  L  E 
 
 Of  the 
 
 CHAPTERS. 
 
 G  H  A  P.  I.    A  l<lJilJloncAll  Viueiication  of  the  Church 
 JTjl  ofEngUndm  point  ofSchifm  :  A^dhoT\t 
 it  came  to  he  entrei  ufon.  fol.  i 
 
 Chap.  II.    of  the  Britans,  fol.  7 
 
 Chap.  II  I.  Oftheincreafe  of  the  Papdl  poller  in  England 
 under  the  Saxons  and  ^ortmnSta^tdTifhat  op- 
 po jit  ions  it  met  D^ith,  fol.  9 
 
 Chap.  IV.  of  the  Payments  to  the  Papacy  from  En* 
 gland.  fol.  74 
 
 Chap.  V.  Ho'^  far  the  Regall  poller  did  extend  itfelf  in 
 matters  Eccle^afiicalL  fol. 9 3 
 
 Chap.  V  I.  Hollo  tht  Kings  of  Eagland  proceeded  in  their 
 feparationfrom  Rome.  fol.  1 1 S 
 
 Chap.  V 1 1.  Ho"^  the  reformation  l^as  made  under  ^ueen 
 Elizabeth.  fol.  126 
 
 Chap.V III. /i/i?^^/^tf^;^ Elizabeth  y?///<f^/;^  this  King- 
 dom the  proceeding   againli    Herettcks. 
 
 fol.  1 3  5 
 
 Chap.  IX.   of  the  farther  proceedingof  ^eenl£Xiz2bc,ih 
 
 tn  the  Reformation^  fol.  x  74 
 
 An 
 
(O 
 
 AN 
 
 Hiftorical  Vindication.^ 
 
 OF   THE 
 
 Church  of  England  in  point  of 
 SCHISM. 
 
 CHAP.  I. 
 
 .T  is  now  more  than  twenty  ycaresfincc  de- 
 fending the  Church  of  England  as  it  was 
 fetled  I  Elt:^.  for  the  moftperfeftand  con- 
 formable to  Antiquity  of  any  in  Europe ,  a 
 Gentleman,  whofe  convcrfation  for  his  Learning,  I  very 
 much  aifefted ,  told  me,  He  was  never  fatisfied  of  our  a- 
 greeing  with  the  Primitive  Church  in  two  particulars; 
 the  one  in  denying  all  manner  of  Superiority  to  the  Bi- 
 fhop  o{Rome ,  to  live  in  whofe  Communion  the  Eaft  and 
 Weftcrn  Chriftian  did  ever  highly  efteem.     The  other, 
 in  condemning  Monaftique living,  fofar,  as  not  onely  to 
 reform  them,  if  any  thing  were  amifs,  but  take  down  the 
 veryhoufesthcmfclves.     Tothefirftofthefelfaid,  We 
 didnotdcnyfuch a  Primacy  inthcPopc  as  thcAntients 
 did  acknowledge,  but  that  he  by  that  might  cxerciic 
 thofeads  he  offome  years  before //^«.  the  S^^  had  done, 
 and  had  got  by  encroaching  on  the  i:«^^///%  Church  and 
 State  mecrly  by  their  tolerance,  which  when  the  King- 
 
 B  dom 
 
%Aii  Hijlorical  Findication     Chap.L 
 
 dom  took  to  ledrcfs  and  reftrain  him  in,  he  would  needs 
 interpret  a  departing  from  the  Church ;  yet  if  any  made 
 the  departure  ,  it  muft  be  the  Pope ,  the  Kingdom  Hand- 
 ing onely  on  thofe  Rights  it  had  ever  ufed  for  its  own 
 prefcrvation,  which  putting  in  praftice,  it  was  interdifted 
 the  King,  excommunicated  by  him,  &c.  To  which  he 
 rcplyed  in  efteft  that  of  Henrj  the  eighth  in  his  book  a- 
 gainft  Luther,  That  it  was  very  incredible  the  Pope 
 could  doc  thofc  adshehadfometimes  exercifedhercby 
 encroachment,  for  how  couldhegain  thatpowerand 
 noHC  take  notice  of  it  ^  That  this  argument  could  have 
 no  force  if  notmadegood  by  Hiftory,  and  thofe  of  our 
 own  Nation,  how  he  had  incrcafed  his  Authority  here. 
 Which,  truly,  I  did  not  well  fee  how  to  deny,  farther 
 than  that  we  might  by  one  particular  conclude  of  ano- 
 ther; As  if  the  Church  or  State  had  a  right  of  denying 
 any  Clark  going  without  Licenfe  beyond  Seas,  it  muft 
 follow,  it  might  bar  them  from  going,  or  Appealing  to 
 Rome  :  If  none  might  be  acknowledged  for  Pope  with- 
 out the  Kings  approbation,  it  could  notbedcnyedbut 
 the  neceflity  of  being  in  union  with  the  true  Pope  ("at  leaft 
 in  time  of  Schifm)  did  wholly  depend  on  the  King.  And 
 fo  of  fome  other. 
 
 2 .  As  for  the  other  point  of  Monaftcries,  I  told  him ,  I 
 would  not  take  upon  me  to  defend  all  that  had  been  done 
 in  demolifhingofthem;  Iknewthcyhadnourifhcd  men 
 of  Piety  and  good  Learning,  to  whom  the  prefcnt  Age 
 w^as  not  a  little  beholding;  for,  what  doe  we  know  of  a- 
 ay  thing  paft  but  by  their  labours?  Thatdivers  well  af- 
 fected to  the  Reformation,  and  yetperfonsof  integri- 
 ty, are  of  opinion   their  {landing  might   have  con- 
 tinued to  the  advancement  of  Literature,  the  increafc  of 
 Piety,   and  Relief  of  the  Poor.    That  the  King  when 
 he  took  them  down  wasthegreatcft  looferby  ithimfelf. 
 Whofe  opinions  I  would  not  contradift,  yet  it  could 
 not  be  denycd,  they  were  fo  far  ftrcyed  from  their  firft  in- 
 
 ftitutioia. 
 
Chap.  I.    of  the  Church  <9/TEngland.  3 
 
 ftitLition,  as  tlicy  rctcincd  little  other  thautlicnamcof 
 what  they  fii'ftwci'c. 
 
 3 .  Upon  this  I  began  to  caft  with  my  felf  howl  could 
 Hiftorically  make  good  that  1  had  thus  aflerted,  which  in 
 general  I  held  moft  true,  yet  had  not  at  hand  punctually 
 every  circumftancc,  Law,  and  Hiftory  that  did  conduce 
 untoitj  in  reading  therefore  1  began  to  note  apart  what 
 might  ferve  forproof  any  way  concerning  it;  Butthat 
 Gentleman  with  whom  I  had  this  fpeech  being  not  long 
 after  taken  away,  I  made  no  great  progrefle  in  it, till  fome 
 years  after,  I  was  conftrcined  to  abide  \i\  London  (  fequc- 
 ftred,  not  onely  from  publique,  but  even  the  private  bufi- 
 ncfleof  myEftate)  I  had  often  no  other  way  of  fpend- 
 iiig  my  time  but  the  company  a  book  did  afford  5  info- 
 much  as  I  again  began  to  turn  over  our  ancient  Laws  and 
 Hiftories,  both  printcdand  written,  whereof  I  had  the 
 perufal  of  diversof  good  worth,  whence  I  colleded 
 many  notes ,  and  began  farther  to  obferve  thequeflioii 
 between  us  and  the  Church  of  i?£?w^  in  that  point,  not 
 to  be  whether  our  Anceftors  did  acknowledge  the  Pope 
 fucceffor  of  St.  Veter^  but  what  that  acknowledgment  did 
 extend  to  :  Not  whether  he  were  Vicar  of  Chrift ,  had  a 
 power  from  him  to  teach  the  Word  of  God,  adminifter 
 theSacraments,dire£l  people  in  the  Ipiritual  wayes  of  hea- 
 ven ( for  fo  had  every  Bifli  op,  amongft  which  he  was  e- 
 vcr  held  by  them  the  firft, Pater  maximus  tn  ecclejia,  as  one 
 to  whom  Emperours  and  Chriftians  had  not  only  allow- 
 ed a  primacy,  but  had  left  behind  them  why  they  did  it, 
 Sedis  K^^fojlolu^frimatumpin^it  J^Qtiimcritum,  qtitprm- 
 cepseJiEpifcopalts  co  ro^j  ^Kom:inx  digri  has  avitatis  fierce 
 ettaSynodifirmarit  aucloritaSy  faies  *  VaUntinUn  44. 5 .  On  a  Vahfutni^n 
 which  grounds,  ifhewillacceptit,  Iknownoreaibnto^^^'^^'-^'^ 
 deny  his  being  prime)  but  whether  they  conceived  \i[J'*'^^^''^^^  • 
 commillion  from  C^r//?  did  extend  fofar  as  to  give  him 
 anabfolutc  authority  over  theChurcli  and  Clergy  in 
 England  J  to  redreis,  reform,  corrcft,  amend  all  things  in 
 
 JS  2  it. 
 
4  j^n  Hijlorhal  FindicMwn     Chap.  L 
 
 it,  not  by  advice  ,  but  as  having  power  over  it,with  or  a- 
 gainft  their  own  Hking ,  and  farther  to  remove,  tranllatc, 
 rilence,rarpcndall  Bifliops,  and  others  of  the  Spirituali- 
 ty. In  flioi  t,  to  exercife  all  Eccldiaftique  authority  with- 
 in this  Church  above  any  whatfoever,  foasalhnHoly. 
 Orders  (one  of  the  three  Eftatesofthe  Kingdom  )  folely' 
 and  fupreamly  depended  on  him,  and  hee  on  none  but 
 Chrijl^  and  whether  our  Forefathers  did  ever  admit  him 
 with  this  liberty  of  difpofing  in  the  EnglipoQ\vi\\.z\\. 
 
 4.  To  wade  through  which  queftion  there  was  an  eye 
 to  be  caft  on  all  the  times  fince  Chrijl  was  heard  of 
 in  England y  and  therfore  to  be  confidered  how  Chriftia- 
 nity  flood  upon  the  converfion  of  the  BntanSy  the  Sax- 
 o?is ,  andfmce  the  irruption  of  the  IS^rmans  ^  underthe 
 firft  of  thefe  we  have  butlittle,  under thefecondfome- 
 what,  yet  not  much,  under  the  third  the  Papacy  fweil'd 
 to  that  height,  fome  parts  have  been  conftrained  to  cait  it 
 off,  and  EngUnd\^\\S\Q\Xi  his  aflent  in  that  point  foto  re- 
 
 I.  5rat.2  5.  formitfclf,  zstodQclQXQ,^  no  manner  of  fp  caking  y  doing-, 
 Ho;.  ?.cap.  communication^  or  holding  againjl  the  Bifhop  of  Rome,'  or 
 his pretenfcd poller  or  authority  ,  made  or givenhy  humane 
 La'^s .Jhallhe  deemedtoheHerefy .  By  which  irfeemsthofc 
 Epifcopal  Functions  he  did  exercife  common  with  other 
 Bjfhops(asBaptizing, conferring  Holy  Orders,  C^r.)  it 
 did  not  deny  to  be  good  and  valid  of  his  admini- 
 ftration. 
 
 5 .  But  what  thofe  particulars  were  humane  Laws  had 
 conferred  upon  the  Papacy  ,  and  by  whatco^flitutions 
 or  Canons  thofe  preheminences  were  given  him,was  the 
 thing  m  queftion,  and  not  fo  eafie  to  be  found  ,  becaufe 
 indeed  gained  by  little  and  little,  I  cannot  but  hold  Truth 
 more  ancient  than  Errour,every  thing  to  be  firmeft  upon 
 its  own  bottom,and  all  novelties  in  the  Church  to  be  beft 
 confuted  by  fhcwing  how  far  they  caufe  it  to  deviate 
 from  the  firft  original,  I  noway  doubt  but  the  Religion 
 cxercUed  by  the  Brttans  before  ^ugujline  came, to  hive 
 
 been 
 
 14 
 
Chap.T.     ojthc  Church  (9/^  England.  5 
 
 been  very  pure  and  holy:    nor  that  planted  after  from  S. 
 Cr^^^r^jthoiigh  perhaps  with  more  ceremonies  and  com^ 
 niands,y'//r/j/'^//w/ which  this  Church  embraced  rcjc- 
 (ftcd  or  varyed  from ,  as  occafion  ferved  to  be  other,  but 
 in  the  foundation  mod  found  ,   moil  orthodox  ;  that 
 holy  man  never  intending  luch  a  fuperiority    over  this 
 Church  as  after  v/as  claimed.  The  Bifliops  oi England,  in 
 theircondemnation  oiWulffs  opinions,  do  not  at  all 
 touch  upon  thole  '^concerned   the  Popes  fuprcmacy,  c///)«JFCnig\- 
 andthc^Councell  oiComiame\\\:sxd^\^  cenfure  his  affir- '^"J|^^^^^^^^ 
 min^^.   Non  efl  de neccfitate  falutts  credere  Romn7iam  Fc-  ^i:^aniorum 
 clefiamefTe  fuprcmam  inter  alt^s  Ecclefias ,  doth  it  with  ^''^■^^•;^+.^ 
 great  hmitations  and  as  but  an  cnor:  Error  ejt// per  Roma-  Uot^^ect^r- 
 Ham  Ecclcfiam  tntelligat  umverfalem  Ecclefiam.aut  concili-  ^ ''»>/> '/^opo 
 ttrngenencraleyatitpro  quanta  negaret primatum  fumrnl  Fan-  j  Jola^"'^^, 
 tifictis/tiper  alias  Fcclefias  particular es :  I  conceive  there-  ft.i^t.  scfs.s^ 
 fore  the  Bafis  of  the  Popes  or  Church  of  Romes  authori--^"^^'*^'' 
 ty  inf^^^Z/i^^^jtobenoothcrthen  what  being  gained  by 
 cuftome,  w^as  admitted  with  fuch  regulations  as  the  king- 
 domethoughtmight  ftandwith  it's  own  convenicncy , 
 and  therefore  fubject  to  thofe  fftipuIations,contracl:s  with  ^  videconcor- 
 the  Papacy  and  pragmatiques  it  at  any  time  hath  made  or'^^^^^'I^^^Hl 
 thought  good  to  fet  up ,   in  oppofition  of  extravagancies  drum  j.  1 172. 
 arifing  thence,in  the  reformation  therefore  of  the  Church  Edwardum 
 off;^/^/^^ two  things feem  to  be efpecially  fearcht  into,  u.  1J7.. 
 and  a  third  arifmg  from  them  fit  to  be  examined.  Henricum  f . 
 
 1.  Whether  the  Kingdome  of  £^/^/.t^/ J  did  ever  con- ^f^^Js'"""" 
 ceivcanyneceirityy«r^^;x^/«oof  being    under  the  Pope 
 
 united  to  the  Church  and  fea  of  i?^w^,  which  drawes  on 
 the  confiderationhow  his  authority  hath  been  exercifed 
 in  England  under  the  ^r//^«i,  Saxons  and  Normans ,  what 
 rreafure  was  caryed  annually  hence  to  Rome ,  how  it  had 
 been  gained,  and  how  ftopt. 
 
 2.  Whether  the  Prince  with  th'advifc  of  his  Cleargy 
 was  not  ever  underftood  to  be  endued  with  authority  fuf- 
 ficient,tocaufetheChurch  within  his  Dominions  be  by 
 
 B  3  them 
 
6  ^nHiHoricaU  FtndicAthn   Chap, I. 
 
 them  reformed ,  without  ufing  any  act  of  power  not  le- 
 gally inverted  in  him  ,  which  leads  me  to  confiderwhat 
 the  Royal  authority //jjy^mj-  is.  i.  In  making  lawes  that 
 God  may  be  truly  honoured.  2  things  decently  performed 
 in  the  Church.  3  ProfaincflTepunifhcdjqucftions  of  doubt 
 by  their  Cleargy  to  be  filenced. 
 
 3 .  The  third  how  our  Kings  did  proceed  ,   efpecially 
 Queen  £//;r.^^^//??,  (under  whole  reformation  we  then  U- 
 vcd^inthisaaoffeparationfromthefeaof  i^^w^  ,  which 
 carries  me  to  fliew  how  the  Church  of  £,7^/^;Wwas  refor- 
 med by  Henry  the  S .  Edi^ard  the  6 .  and  Queen  Ic^liz^beth. 
 Wherein  I  look  upon  the  proceedings  abroad  and  at 
 home  againft  Hereticks,  the  obligation  to  generall  Coun- 
 cells,  and  fome  other  particulars  incident  to  thofe  times. 
 I  do  not  in  this  at  all  take  upon  me  the  disputation, 
 muchlefsthe  Theologicall  determination  of  any  contro- 
 verted 7?/^!^/   (but  leave  that  as  the  proper fubjeft  to  Di- 
 vines j  this  being  onely  an  hiftoricall  narration  how  fome 
 things  came  amongft  us,  how  oppofed ,  how  removed  by 
 our  anceftors,  who  well  underftanding  this  Church  not 
 obliged  by  any  forraign  conftitutions,  but  as  allowed  by  it 
 felf,  &  either  finding  the  inconvenience  in  having  them 
 urged  from  abroad  farther  then  their  firft  reception  hearc 
 did  warrant.  Or  that  fome  of  the  Cleargy  inforced  opini- 
 ons as  articles  of  faith,  were  no  way  to  be  admitted  into 
 that  rankjdid  by  the  fame  authority  they  were  firft  brought 
 in  (leaving  the  body  or  eflcnce  (aslmayfay)of  Chriftian 
 religion  untouched,)  make  fuch  a  declaration  in  thofc 
 particulars,  as  conferved  the  Royall  dignity  in  it's  ancient 
 fplcndour,withoutat  all  invading  the  true  legall  rights  of 
 theftateEcclefiafticall,  yetmigthkeep  the  kingdome  in 
 peace,  the  people  without  difttuftion,  and  the  Church  ui 
 Vnity. 
 
 CHAP.IL 
 
Chap.  II.  of  the  Church  (^/'England. 
 
 Chap.     II. 
 
 Of    the      "Britans. 
 
 tm^ 
 
 ^:S   Shall  not  hear  inquire  who    firft   planted 
 ^  '    ChriftianRch'gion  amongft the i^r//^^;/, whe- 
 ther ^lofcph  of  \^rim.nhea.  ,  h  Simon  Ze/o-  aBMon.to.i. 
 tis  ,^S.  Peter  oiElutherhis  ,  neither  of  which  fv,'.^*"*  ^ 
 wants  an  author,  yet  I  muft  confefs  it  hath  ever  feemed  to  w^tjih.lca], 
 meby  tlieiralleadgingthe  ''Afian  formes  in  celebrating  40. 
 i:>/?<f;->  their  diCenng  from  the  rites  oi  Romcc'in  ^cverall  fjj./|^^i'j"l 
 particulars,  of  which  thofe  of  moft  note  were,  that  offov/W^Baron, 
 jE"^/?^r,  and  baptizing  after  another  manner,then  the  i?o-'^ '•'^Y°•"• 
 //?.f;/j  ufed,their  often  journeyingto  P4/^y?/>/.7,that  they  re- 4. 
 ceived  the  firft  principles  of  Religion  from  Afia.    And  if^^ccia ///>.  5. 
 afterward  CcdeHmus  the  Pope  did  fend  (according  to  ^^yx^XltfiU. 
 iProfper)  Ger mantis  'vice  fuaxo  reclaim  them  from  PeUgi-  s.cap.^iS. 
 anifme^  certainly  th'inhabitantsdidnotlookonit ,  as  an  ^ ^j^  ^^^'"^ 'J; 
 adionofonc  had  authority,  though  he  might  have  a  i^-  ni  .-coluaru 
 thcrly  careofthemas  ofthcfameprofeflion  with  him,  gisg^^'^^^H 
 a  sSynod  in  France  likewifchad,  to  whom  in  their  di-fjp,*|^\^^^y^ 
 flrcfs  they  addrcfs  thcmfclves ,  to  which  Bedd  attributes  Briton^bust 
 the  help  they  received  by  Germamu^  and  Lnpu^.  p'loCpc:  in 
 
 2.  After  this  as  the  ^r//^;;^  are  not  read  to  have  yeild-432. 
 cdany  fubjedlion  to  the  Papacy,  fo  neither  is  Rome  noted  c?^^^^^^'^^ • 
 to  have  taken  notice  of  them,  "for  Gregory  the  great  a-"f/JJ'^^^  . 
 bout  590.beingtold  certain  children  were  de  Britannia^^^. 
 infuLidid  not  know  whether  the  Countrey  were  Chrifti-  T^^'^  ^^^^: 
 
 T\  J       1  n  11  1. 1. cap. 11  .Vl- 
 
 an  or  Pagan,  and  when  K^ugufline  came  hither  ^  and  dc-  u  Grcgor. 
 manded  their  obedience  to  the  Church  of  i?i?z»6  the  Ab-  Beda//7»,:, 
 bot  of  ^i7/;ri?r  returned  himanfwer:  That  they  T^ere  ("bedi'\^clncil. 
 cat  to  the  Church  ofGod^  to  the  Pope  ipy^Romc,  and  to  every  spflmp.io^.  • 
 godly  Chrijiian^  to  love  every  one  tn  his  degree  in  charity ,  to 
 
 help  them  m'^ordanddeedtohe  the  children  of  God  ^  mdo- 
 
 they 
 
8  AnHiJloriQcdl  Vindication   Chap.II. 
 
 ther  obedience  then  this  they  did  not  kriolo  due  to  him^J^hom 
 he  named  to  be  Pope  nor  to  be  fat  her  of  fat  hers, 
 
 3.  The  Abbots  name  that  gave  this  reply  to  K^ugu- 
 Jiine  fccms  to  have  been  Dinooth  and  is  in  efFed  no  other 
 iGalfridMo- then  what  ^  Gejfry  OHonmouthhdxh.Ticmtmbxcdoi  him, 
 l\^WfAugJ  ^^'^^^  hQ'm^rf'nro  modo liber altbus artibus  eruditus  Augufti- 
 ftino ^ro^ef-  no petenti  ab  epifcopis  Bntonum fubje^tonem  diver fis  mon- 
 nem-  Jlravtt  argumentationibus  t^fos  et  nullam  debere  fubjcciio' 
 
 k  Lib.  z.ca^.2  nem,  to  which  I  may  addc  by  the  teftimony  of  l^^^J^thcir 
 not  only  denying  Wis^^o^oiXiionSyfed neque ilhm pro  Ar- 
 chiepifcopo    habiturum  refpondebant.     And  it  appears 
 /Giral /</•«.  Iby  Gyraldus  Cambrenfts  ^   this  diftancc  between  the  two 
 Camb.lib.i.  Churches  continued  long  even  till //^^/rj  the  firft,  indu- 
 ced their  fubmiflion  by  force  ,  before  which  Epifcopi 
 WMix  a  McncvcnCi  ytnttfHfefunt  confecrati,  &  fp/ef- 
 miliier  ab  aliis  tanquamfujfraganeis  ejt  confecratus ,  nulla 
 penitus  alii  l.ccleft.€  falta  profefsione  %>el  fubjectione:  the 
 generality  of  which  words  muft  be  conftrued  to  have  re- 
 ference as  well  to  Rome  as  Canterbury^  for,  a  little  after ,  he 
 ^^^'^T "/   f  icwcs  that  though  K^uguTHne  called  them  to  counccll , 
 Ket^pwK  ve-  as  a  legatofthe  Apoftoliquefea  ,  yet  returned ,  they  did  *.- 
 netatnp,$z.    proclaim  they  would  not  acknowledge  him  an  Archbi- 
 Vemf!niu-jlo,  ftop,but  did  contcmu  both  himfclf and  what  he  had  cfta- 
 
 feddoleo  yehe-  blifhcd. 
 
 tntuthquod  j.,Neither  were  the  Scots  in  this  difference  any  whit  be- 
 loiwnncs  hind  the  Britans  ( as  we  may  perceive  by  the  letter  ot  Lau- 
 enim  A^^ofio-  yentius  lufius  ,ind  Mellttus,  to  the  Bifliopsand  Abbots 
 f«mcVo>»l!m  through  ^(T^//^^;^;  in  which  they  remember  the  ftrange 
 jimuiEcciefu  pcrvcrfeneffe  ofoneD^^^w^^r  a  Scottifh  Bifhop,  who  upon 
 quodindtgnos  Q^^afion  comini^  to  them  did  not  only  abftain  eating 
 fihjudicet  qui  With  thcm ,  but  would  not  take  his  meat  in  the  lame  nouie 
 nmcommum-  thcy  abodc  ,  yct  they  falute  them  with  the  honourable 
 uT£cchfiT  titles  of  their  deare/i  lords  and  brethren.  A  certain  figne 
 cmnii  pfnttus  of  a  wldc  diftancc  bctwccn  the  opinions  oi  Rome  then, 
 ^""'^''^"^'t^^' and  now,  when  men  arc  taudit  not  fo  much  as  '"bid 
 
 VtTtCS  (  "*     lO-  ^ 
 
 han.)  ^        thcni  farewell  donotfubmituntoit,fureourfirftBifliops 
 
 know 
 
I.  Get* 
 
 Chap.  III.  of  the  t/;//;T^  ^/England.  f 
 
 know  no  fuch  rule,  who  placed  in  their  Calendar  for 
 Saints  and  holy  men,  as  well  HiU.x,  o/y^^/^,and  ColnM7t^ 
 the  oppofcrs  o'iRomc,  as  ]i'ilfrc(^,  ^^4gilbcrtu$,  and  others 
 who  Hood  for  it. 
 
 C     H     A     P^        I   I   I. 
 
 Of  the  }}jcreafe  of  the  Tapall  ponder  in  En- 
 gland wider  the  Saxons  and  Nor- 
 mans^ and'what  oppo/itms  it  metmth. 
 
 4  Eadmcr.  ^ 
 
 i.g^^^M^^Frer  the    planting  of  Chriftian  religion  a-i2ji9P- 
 '  fM0;:  mongft  the  <f^,v^^/i,th'Archbifliop  ofCa^^Jter-  ^^^borc^ 
 f^y^  ^/^r^'  became  a  perfon  fo  eminent, all  England  bem.  col 
 ^•^^^  was  reputed  his  *  Diocefe,  in  thecolledorcof  ;^,^''j^'    , 
 BifhopsbZ^/z^^r^his  Dean  ,  whofe  ofhce  it  was  to  Mum-  ^e  fcenis,  ca^. 
 mon  CounzcXs, W in  chejier  his  Chancellour,'^^4///J//ry  or  Tanquam. 
 (as  fome)  Wmcheflcr  his  Precctor ,   or  that  begun  the  fer-  j^bVm.  fo/.^ 
 vicebyfinging,*^  Worcester  or  rather  Rochcjler  his  Chap- 1566,10. 
 lain,  and  the  other  the  carrier  of  his  Crofle  :  ^  expeftedno '^.^.^^.^y"^- 
 ieffe  obedience  from  Tork^  then  himfelf  yielded  to  Rome  ^,  ccr.  Doro- 
 'voluntate  &  bcncfieio,  it  being  th'  opinion  of  the  Church  bcm.fo/. 
 oi  England,  it  was  but  cc^wdW^^  ut  ab  eo  loco  mutuenturvi-  \^i  ,429,25 
 njendi  difciflraam^  a  cttjus  (omHe  rapuerunt  credendi  flam-  e  sic  Lynd- 
 r?7am.   The  dependence  therefore  of  the  Clergy  in£;;-  ^^^^^tTcm*^^ 
 g/^^^beiiig thus  wholly  upon  th'  ArchbifIiop,it  will  not  fo/.  1382,61. 
 be  amide  to  take  a  little  view  both  of  what  eftecm  he  was  f^/.  1429,  ^  j. 
 in  theChurch,andhowitcametobe  taken  off,and  by  de-  i.Vmor.   ' 
 grecs  transferred  to  a  forreign  power.  /Malms. /o/. 
 
 2.  Upon  the  converfion  of  the  Saxons  here  by  the  ^^^-^f^' 
 preaching of/y//^«/7//;^' and  his  companions,  anda  quiet  437,64. 
 peace  fettled  under  Theodore  , '  to  whom  all  the  Enzltfh  S  i^o^^'fJ;- 
 
 *  ^  ^      Arch.  E^tjt, 
 
 merfsri^t.x,Ang\iX)  c^c^col.  1736,  17.  h  Malms. /o/.  I2r,a,  i.ihcdalihA.ca^i* 
 
 C  fub- 
 
lo  AnHtfloYicdi  Vindicdtion  Chap.III. 
 
 ^^'^•^^^•. '"fubmittcd,  1^  Paiochiall  Churches  bj  his  encouiMgcmcnt 
 ui  Cantabri:^.  bcg.ia  to  bc  cicclcd ,  aiui  thc  Bifiiop  o^ Rome  greatly  icve- 
 rcnccd  in  this  nation,  as  being  thc  lucccflbiir  of  Saint  Pe- 
 tirihc  riift  b.fliop  of  the  world,  Patriark  of  thc  Weft, 
 I  Hal!  :o.      that  rcfidcd  In  a  townMicldto  nonrifli  thc  bcft  Clerks  in 
 ^^"'^  •'■^'^'Chrillcndomc,  and  thc  fcatof  thc  Empire  :  infomuch  , 
 asthcdevoutZ.V//^;2v\vhorcenics  (as  I  faid)tohavcrccei- 
 mviyijiii^  vedhis  firftconvcrfion  from  .'^:i)"'did  go  to  ///^f4  as  a 
 Bmannus ,/»  pl^^^c  ofgrcatcft  fandity,  fo  "  amongft  the  Saxons  Romam 
 in  religione    adirc  m.tgn.^virtutis  <xjlimab^itur.  Bur  as  this  was  of  their 
 procf/jm/,      oart,  no  Other  then  asto  a  f;reat  Doclout  or  Prelate, bv 
 
 ^±rxt  locum   1         >  nil  1 
 
 fuM.i fihiuniTi  whofe  folicitude  they  underftood  thc  way  to  heaven, 
 CT-  fcripuYA'  ^^^  J  ^Q  ^  place  in  which  rclision  and  piety  did  moft  flou- 
 co^n'mm.  E-rilnjioth  uutriiaions  thence  were  not  as  commgfrom 
 f\fi.  Paula:  one  had  dominion  over  their  faith,  thc  one  fide  not  at  all 
 ^  ^^^^^y/ giving,  nor  thc  other  affumingother  then  that  rcfpcd  is 
 Ecthichcm,  tit  to  be  rendredfroma  puifnc  or  Icflc  skilfiillto  more 
 inter  o^erx    ^ncicnt  and  learned  Teachers.    As  of  late  times  when 
 
 Hicronymi  ....  /  /-      i  i-n-         i      i  t 
 
 Script,  circa  ccrtaui  divincs  at  Frankford  1554.  diftcrcd  about  the 
 
 ^nn.  3S6.      Common-prayer  ufcd  in  E-ngUnd,  Knox  and  W hit  ting- 
 
 Beda^  '^^'  ^^^  appealed  to  Calvin  for  his  opinion;  and  receiving 
 
 ©Troubles    his  2  CO.  Epiftlc,  o  it  Jo  ipTought  in  the  he.irts  of  many,  that 
 
 at  Franks     th'^y'^er^  not fo  Jlout  to  maintain  all  the  parts  of  the  Book , 
 
 xxxvi.  '       asthcylvcrethen  againft  It.  AndDodior  Cox  and  fomc 
 
 E</<r.  1 575-  othcr,who  ftood  for  thc  ufc  of  thc  faid  Book ,  wrote  un- 
 
 P'^'^/"^^*^*'tohim,p  excufmgthemfelvcs  thattheyfttt  order  intheir 
 
 church  'VoithoHt  his  counftll  asked.  Which  honour  they 
 
 •xlvii.  flicw'dhim,  not  as  eftceming  him^  to  have  a?zy  auciority 
 
 of  office  over  them  5  hut  in  ref^eul  of  his  learning  andme- 
 
 rits. 
 
 3 .  As  thefe  therefore  carried  much  honour, and  yield- 
 ed great  obedience  to  Calvin  ,  and  thc  Church  of  Gene- 
 jiW.  p.xUx.  ^4  bythem  ,^ //7^«  held  the  purejl  reformed  church  in 
 Chriflendom  :   fo  it  cannot  bc  denyed  but  our  Aun- 
 ceftors  thc  Saxons  attributed  no  Icflc  to  thc  Pope  and 
 Xhurch  oi^omey  who  yet  never  invaded  thc  rights  of 
 
 this  ^ 
 
Chap.  III.   of  the  Church  ^/ILngland.       n 
 
 this,  as  contrary  to  thc^counccl  of  £/>/7^////,  and  thcCa/Concii.gc- 
 nons  of  the  Church  of  t  E72d.trid\  but  left  the  Govern-  p"^'-  '^'':  , 
 
 o  '  Iv-Omx   i6of. 
 
 nicnt  of  it  tothc^/^^/z/^Prelats,  yet  giving  his  bed  ad-/o.  i.  p^  491. 
 V'.cc  and  afiidance  for  incrcafini^  devotion  ,  and  main- *^-    ,    , 
 tenance  of  the  Laws  Ecclcriarticall  aiiiongH:  them,   \v\ca^.I. 
 which  each  fide  phiccd  thcfuperioriry.  Fromwhenccic 
 proceeded  that  however  the  Pope  was  fought  to  from 
 hence  ,  he  rarely  lent  hither  any  Legat.  *  In  theCoua-"   c^oncij. 
 cell  of  Calcuith  held  about  i  80.  years  after  ^^^^guJlDic ,.^\^^^"f^'^' 
 iris  obfcrvcd  ,  a,  tempore  Sa7icli  Auguftini  Potitificis  pi- 
 cerdos  Romanus  nullus  iii  Britanniam  m'ljfus  ejl  •,  ?i!ji 
 fios.    And  ^  JL.xdmcrus  ,  thatitwas  inatiditum  in  Britan- 'f^^  ss,  <{. 
 vxKTi  ^quemlihet  hominum  fupcr  fc  vices  ApoJloUcas gercrc^ 
 7iifi filit'/n  K^rchteptfcopum  Cantuarii^. 
 
 4.  But  after  the  Pope  inftead  of  being  J  fubjcft,  bc-^^^^"^'^^J- 
 gan  to  be  cfteemed  abo\H:  ih'  Ecclcfiaftick  Canons,  r^^. 2!  3.4 
 D.nd  to  pretend  a  power  of  altering  ,  anddifpenfing  with^^- 
 them,  and  what  paft  by  his  advifc  and  counfell  onely, 
 
 was  faid  to  be  by  his  authority,  he  did  qucftion  divers 
 particulars  had  been  fonaicrly  undoubtedly  pradic^tin 
 this  Kingdom,  he  feeing  them,  and  not  (he  wing  any  dif- 
 hkc  at  it;  as  ^  The  receiving  Invejliturcs  of  churches  from  \  ^ngulph. 
 Princes ^  ^  The  calling  Synods  ,  The  determining  caufes  Ec-^^ '  ^°°'  ^' 
 clefiafticdll  Ipithout  Appeals  to   Rome  ,  The  transferring  a  Vidc  literas 
 BifhopSt  dec.  but  the  removing;  thefe  from  En'7la?:dun-l\^^^^^^-^- 
 to  a torraign judicature,  bemgaswelnn  dimmutionofEadncrum, 
 the  rights  of  the  Crown^asof  this  Church, paft  not  with  f'^-^n./'j^. 
 out  oppofition.  *^^* 
 
 5 .  For  K^nfelm  an Italianyihc  firfl: great promotx^r  of 
 the  Papal  authority  with  us,  pretending  he  ought  not  be 
 barr'd^  ofvifitingtheVicar  of  St. Peter  cauf.iregt?ni?i!sEC'  ^  Eadmer. 
 c/f/7*£,  was  told  as  well  by  the  Bifliops  as  lay  Lords ,  c  That  ^ '|^'J^y^* 
 it  was  a  thing  unheard,  and  altogether  againft  theurcof/).j9)  jo- 
 the  rcalmcfor  any  of  the  great  men  ,  Specially  himfelf 
 toprefume  any  fuch  thing  without  the  Kings  licence  •' ,p  ^ 
 who  affirn^cd  y^ ncquaquamfdemquamfibi  debehat  fimul^a^.  26,  i . 
 
 C    2  6-    ^  4^ 
 
12  ^uHiJloYicdl  Vindication  Chap  .TIL 
 
 O*  Apojlolicji  ftdis  obedient Um  contra  fuam  volunt.itcm 
 
 pojfcfervare.  And  the  Archbifliop  pcriiftingin  his  jour- 
 
 ny  thither,  had  notonely  his  Biflioprick  fcized  into  the 
 
 Kings  hand,  but  the  Pope  being  fliew'd  how  his  carriage 
 
 tihid,^cig.<,iy\72iS  refentcdhere,  did  not  afford  him  either  «  Con/i- 
 
 '^'  Hum  or  K^uxilmm  ^  but  fufFered  him  to  hve  an  exile 
 
 f..N//;W/r//all  that  Princes  time  ^  without  any  confiderable  fup- 
 
 »/5  per^Ko'  P^^^  ^^  adjudging  the  caufe  in  his  favour.  Which  makes 
 
 manum /'r*- itthemore  ftrange  that  (having  found  by  experience 
 
 ^lem  na^t.  ^yhat  he  had  heard  bcforc ,  thatit  wasthe  Kir";  notthe 
 
 p'^5  5  3)  -«♦    Pope  could  help  or  hurt  him)  this  vifit  being  fo  little  ta 
 
 his  advantage ,   at  his  firft  prefenting  huiifelf  to  Henry 
 
 ^Eadmer.     the  firft  ,  hc  fliould  oppofc  s  that  Prince  in  doing  him 
 
 l"*5-56;7-      homage,  andbeinginvefted  by  him,  a  right  continued 
 
 unto  that  time  from  his  Aunceftors,  and  by  which  him- 
 
 /jEadmcr^    fclf  had  received  ^  the  Archbiflioprick  from  his  bro- 
 
 p.i8,4  p-zo.^j^^j.^  andthisonafuggeftionthatit was  prahibitcd  in  a 
 
 councell  held  at  Rome,  in  which  he  went  fo  far  as  to 
 
 i  ihid.i>ag.70,  tell  the  King  ,  i  ^uod  nee  fro  redempttone  eapitts  met  con- 
 
 ^*  Jentiam  ei  de  tis  qu^  prafens  audtvt  in  Romano  Concilio 
 
 prohtheriy  niji  ab  eadem  fede  interdlcforum  abfoluttoms pro- 
 
 deat,  a  qua  conjl'tttit'tonts  tp for  urn  vinculum  proditt. 
 
 ;t  Eadmcr.         ^    ^^-^^  is  the  firft,  if  not  the  onelytime  that  to  what 
 
 P4^. 92,40.  •' 
 
 Wf  Concil.  wasafted  :itReme  an  obedience  was  required  here,  as 
 
 Spclm.p^f^.  j^Qi-  tobedifpcnfed  with  but  from  thence  ;  for  it  is  un- 
 
 /Hcn^  doubted  ,  this  Kingdome  never  held  it  fclf  tyed  by  any 
 
 Knighton  thing  paft  there ,  till  received  here  5  as  k  Eadmerus  rightly 
 
 '1^1  "^/^f  obferves,  things  done  there  not  ratified  here  robe  of  no 
 
 Mat.  Weft,  value.  And  when l^^/'/^r/?^//?^  1  296.  wouldhaveintro- 
 
 ^  ^"''  duced  the  contrary ,  it  coft  him  dear ,  the  Clergy  forced 
 
 m  de  immu^  to  tejcd  the  commaud,  ™  and  the  Court  to  quit  her  prc- 
 
 nimeZcclef.    feufcs. 
 
 'sextl'  EtTit.  7-  But  the  difpute ,  however  the  right  ftood  ,  grew 
 todemcap.i,  fo  high,  the  King  told  Anfclme  "  the  Pope  had  not  to- 
 '"e^T^"'*  meddle  with  his  rights ,  and  wrote  that  free  letter  we  find 
 £,70,5,  in  lorvalenjfs jCol,  999, 30.  which  I  have  likewifc  fccn 
 ^  in 
 
Chap.  III.  of  the  Church  of  l^.r\<^:xnd.      13 
 
 in  an  old  hand  recorded  amongd  divers  other  memo- 
 riallsofchc  Archbi/hops  o^  Canto  bur j :   though  I  muH: 
 needs  fay  ir  Iccms  to  nic  b\^  Pafchalis  hisanlwer ,  re-  ^'^?^<^  f-*^- 
 peating  a  good  part  of  it,  not  lent  by  thole  he  names,  48. 
 P  but  former melVcngers.    In  this  controverfy  the  Popes  P  ^^i^-p<ig)C. 
 returnes  were  ib  ambiguous  ,  that  he  writ  ib  differing  ^'/f,/^  .  ^^^ 
 from  their  relations  were  fent,  it  was  thought  fit  Anfelmc  i>. 
 Ihould  himfelf  goto  Rome,  with  whom  K.  Henry  fentj^^.^^*^^' ^''' 
 another,   <1  who  (pake  plainly  ,   \\\%  \\\:SS.zx.nec  ^ro  armf  {ih^d.^xijo^ 
 jione  rcgni  fui.  pajjurnw  fe  pcrdere  investituras  Ecclefia-  ^'^• 
 rum-^  and  (though  Rome  were  willing  to  comply  in  other  ^^^  go,  17. 
 particulars)  told  L^/?/cVwf  denying  that,  "^  he  could  not  i^  -^^'^-  p-^^ 
 aflure  him  of  a  welcome  in  E'rifrUnd ,  who  thereupon  f*  ^  ^   „ 
 retired  to  Lyons :  where  finding ^ (lender  comfort  from  p^^.9 1 ,  zi . 
 Rome  y  he foughtthe  King  by  letters,  and  after  by  the  >' ^^'^•/'•^7> 
 means  oi Henry  s  t  fidermade  his  peace  j  at  which  yethc  2  iw.p.ioo, 
 was  not  permitted  ((uch  was  his  fpirit")  tocntci:  E^^z^and,  ^• 
 denymg    to   communicate  with  them  had    ^^^^^^'^^  ^obcin.^nna 
 Bifiiopricks  from  the  King,   but  by  the  Popes difpenfa-  nS;-. co/, 
 tion.    The  conclufion  was  ,  P^/?/?^:/// tau2;ht  bv  expe- i^°5»  ^^* 
 ricnce,  neitherthe  Court  of  7?^?;;?^  nor  th'Archbiihop  villa ^/;/.4// 
 gained  ought  by  this  conteft  ,  however  he  would  not^^^^^.^O'C^^- 
 :{\.^\:{\.  dbito.  ^  pr^decefforis  fui  fentcntU  rigor  em,   V^t  ^l^'^^'J^J^/y^^ 
 now  admitted  great  limitations  to  what  F/^.^;-/*  hadetU-  mimKegisy 
 bliflit.  So  as  the  Kin^r  *  affcntimr  none  for  the  future ^''"/^''"V"^"' 
 fliould  be  inveftcd  per  /a/c/im  manum  (  which  was  no  facramcfiium 
 more ,  but  what  he  formerly  did  himfelf,  he  would  now  W"  fi^^l^^^ 
 caufc  to  be  performed  by  a  Bifhop)  the  other  agreed  no  ^h^^^'j^w;,. 
 prelats  to  be  barr'd  of  promotion  ,f//.t/^  homtma  Regimo.  col. 
 feccrint ,    y  &  hoc  donee  per  ommpotentis  Domi?ii  z^^tiam  ij"^'*  ^^\r 
 
 J  I  -J  ■  //•  o  \   ■    1  Hugo  5.  Ab~ 
 
 ad  hoc  omittendum  cor  regium  mo  lit  at  ur ,   occ.  which  yet  hdi  s^.hyx- 
 tKc  King  foon  after,  on  the  Popespermiirionofthcmtog"^"^^  v^ 
 the  Dutch,  did  threaten  '2' fine  duhio  fe  r^fi^y^ipturumfu^s^fl'^-^^^ 
 tnvefittttras,  qtua  tile  fuas  tenet  in  pace  5   but  for  ought  I  fideliuiem  d. 
 find  ,  it  went  no  farther  then  their  fwcarino;  fealty  to  the  ^^^^'^'*^\ 
 King,  which  feems  to  have  been  long «  continued.  legcn^, 
 
 C  3  %.  The 
 
14      ^nHifforicall  Findkdtion  Chap.  III. 
 
 8.  The  Papacy  finding  by  this  conteft  the  difficulty  of 
 carrying  anything  here  by  an  high  hand,  thought  of 
 more  moderate  waycs  for  bringing  the  Clergy  of  this 
 nation  wholy  to  depend  on  /?^w^;  butthatcouldnotbc 
 without  diminifliing  the  power  the  Archb.fliup  held  o- 
 vcr  them  ,  and  therefore  murt  be  wonne  bv  dc'i;rees :  to 
 advance  which  nothing  could  more  conduce  ,  then  to 
 
 'have a  perfon  of  wifdome  rehdc  here,  who  might  di- 
 rc£l  this  Church  according  to  the  Papali  intereft.  But 
 this  vas  thought  fit  to  be  given  out  before  pradic't ,  and 
 likely  to  be  doubly  oppofed,  forth' Archbifliop  well  un- 
 t  Mat.  Paris  derftood  the  admitting  a  Legat  for  that  end  tobe^  //^ 
 t^g  440,  17.  y^^^g  diQ-nitatis  pr£judicium.  And  the  Kino;  fuffered  none 
 Loiid.  1^40.  to  betaken  tor  rope ,  but  whom  he  approved  ,  nor  any 
 to  receive  fo  much  asa  Letter  from  Rome ,  without  ac- 
 quainting him  with  it,  and  held  it  an  undoubted  right 
 fEadmer.     ofthc  Crowu  ,  ^  ut  ncminem  ah^itiando  Icgati  officio  t?i 
 P*^- 1 2  5>  5  3  •    (^nglia  fungi  fermtiteret  ,Ji  non  iffe ,  clique  pr^iicipua  que- 
 t.  '  reU  ex'gente  ,  (^  qu£  ah  K^rchiepfcopo  Ciintuxriorum 
 
 i^terifque  Epifcopis  regni  tcrrni?Mri  non  pojfcty  hoc  fieri  k 
 Papa  poftularct,  &c« 
 
 9.  Things  (landing  thus  in  the  year  i  loo.  th' Arch- 
 ^Eadmcr.     bifliop  oi Vienna  coming  mio Englandy^  reported him- 
 
 ^^^.58, 41.    fclf  to  have  the  Legatine  power  oidiW  Britain  commit- 
 
 .ted  untohim;  which waswith  fo  much  admirationof 
 
 the  Nation  (as  a  thing  had  not  been  heard  of  before)  that 
 
 fifhehad  any )  at  leafl:  he  thought  not  fit  to  make  ufe  of 
 
 his  Commilllon  ,  but  departeds  ncmine  pro  Legato  fuf- 
 
 septus ,  tiec  in  aliquo  Lcgati  offi  cio  funifus. 
 
 rEadmcr,  ^ q.  Fourtccn  ycars  after  ^  p,?/?/?^/;/ the  2. by  Letters 
 
 -'■^*'*  ^'^^^^  ofthe  30.  of  cJ^^r^^  and  i.oi Aprils  expoftulateswith 
 
 the  King  about  feverall  particulars;  of  which  one  is,  his 
 
 admitting  neither  meffcngcr  nor  Letter  to  be  received, 
 
 but  by  his  leave  :  but  fee  the  words;    Scdis  Apojlolicx 
 
 ntincii  vel  liters  prMer  jufium  regidtmajejlatis  nullam  /;/ 
 
 potejlate  tua  fufceptionem  ant  aditum  promerefUur ,  72ullu5 
 
 indc 
 
Chap.IIl.    ojthe  Church  of  ^n^^nd.     15 
 
 hide  cl.in;or  ,  nf  ilium  hide  judicium  a  d  ft  dem  \^po(loitcam 
 dejllnrintur  ,   *S.c.  and  the  year  following  addrcft  /  K^n  f^^^^"^^-^ 
 y^Vw^  (nephew  to  chelate  Archbifliop,  and  after  Abbot  ■'^"  *  *  "  " 
 of  <5'r.Z{^//;«;;.'/j/';//;)'j  hither,  Ihewing  by  Lcttershehad 
 committed  unto  his  adminiftration  ibices  Apojlolicus  tn 
 Angl'u,  This  made  known  here  (though  the  bearer  were 
 not  permitted  to  enter  the  Kingdom  )  the  Clergy  and 
 Nobility  gathered  incouncellat  London  concluded  th' 
 Archbilhop  fliouidgo  tothcKingiii  2iormandy  ,  make 
 known  unto  him  the  antientculiomeof  the  Realmc  , 
 and  by  his  advice  to  Rome^  ( as  being  the  pcrfon  was  moft 
 interelVed  in  it)  uthjec ncz\x  dimihiUret -^  from  whence 
 he  obtained  the   Letter,   or  rathe?  declaration  to  the 
 King  and  Clergy  the  (Imic  aurhor  hath  g recorded.  Sog/>^^.r2©. 
 by  this  care  the  matter  was  again  ftopr. 
 
 1 1 .  The  King  1 1  i9.^rcnthis  BiniopstoaCounccll^^^^.^^^'*^"^ 
 held  by  Calixtus  the  2.  at  Reims ,  at  their  departing  gave  g  .'^^^  '^  ^f^. 
 them  thefc  inftrudions.-Xot  to  complain  of  each  other ,  S5S,  a. 
 becaufc  himfelf  would  right  each  of  them  at  homcjThat 
 he  payed  that  rent  his  prcdeceflbrs  had  formerly  ck)nc, 
 and  enjoyed  like  wife  thofe  priviledgcs  had  been-  for- 
 merly permitted  them;  That  they  fhould  dilute  the  Pope 
 from  him ,  hear  his  precepts ,  but  bring  no  fuperfluities 
 into  his  Kingdomc  :  but  fee  the  words ;  Rex  ^nglorum 
 frxlAtis  re^nifui  adSynodum  tre permijit-^  fedomnino  nc 
 Alicu']us?nodi  querimoriiam  alterutrum  f.icerent y  prohi- 
 hu'it.  Dixit  ^  omnt plcnariamre^Uudmem  conquerentifxr 
 ciam  in  terra  mea\  redditus ab anteriortbus con/litutos Ro- 
 man.^  EcclejLz  fmgulis  annis  errogo  ^&  privilegia  nihilomi' 
 7ms  ab  antiquis  temponbus  pari  modo  mthi  conceffateneo, 
 Ite,dor}iinHm?ap.im  departer^teafalutate  ^  &  ^^poJloUca 
 tantumpr^cepta  humiliter  Audite ,  fedfuperjiuas  adinver^ 
 tiones  regno  meo  tnferre  nolttCy  &c.  Certainly  this  prince 
 did  holdjthc  Pope  with  the  advice  of  a  Counccll  might 
 labour  to  introduce  fuperfluous  inventions,  which  the 
 Englijh  were  not  tycd  to  receive ,  the  difputes  of  his  Bi- 
 
 fliopa-  > 
 
16        An  Hijloricall  Vindication    Chap.li  i. 
 
 fhops  be  by  him  ended  at  home  without  carrying  thoir 
 iw/>.s.         complaints  beyond  Seas  ,  according  toth'  Afllze  i  of 
 Clarendoun ;   the  King  in  nothing  obliged  to  Rome ,  but 
 in  the  payment  of  Peter-^euce ,  as  his  father  had  before 
 
 A  Baron  ^(7.    A:   CXprcft  him(clf 
 
 12.   In  l^vemher  foUowhig  the  Pope  and  King  had 
 
 1  r.    Anno 
 
 1079. n.i<;.  .  .  r       •         ^  1  \  I 
 
 ^  Lanfraii-  ^    mectuig  at  Gtjors  m  Normandy  ,  where  Cdixtus  coa- 
 ciEpiff.j.     firmed  unto  him  the  uCiges  his  father  had  pradlic'tin 
 p.Auu'.      B^gl^'i^^d  ^nd  Normandy  ,  and  in  efpeciall  that  of  fen- 
 ding no  Legat  hither ,  but  on  the  Princes  dcfirc.  Yet 
 m  Eadir.cr.    notwithftaudiug  the  fame  ^  Pope  not  fully  two  years  af- 
 p^g-  1 57,4^.  ter  addreft  another  Lceat  to  thefe  parts:   but  he  by  the 
 Kuigs  wildome was  10 diverted,  ut c^uiLegati off tcio fun- 
 gi in  tot  a  Br'ttdnnia  venerat ,  hnmHnis  ah  omni  ojficio  tali 
 via  qua  vcnerat  extra  Angliam  k  Regemiffus  e/l ,  6c c. 
 13-  Butherebythc way  the  readcrmay take  notice, 
 f^Eadmer.     thcfc  Words ,   »  Collata  ,   o   Impetrata  y   C  once  (fa.   Per- 
 oib]dp^^z<  ^{{f^y  ufcd  by  our  beft  authors  in  fpeaking  of  the  Rights 
 21.  oftheCrown  in  points  of  this  nature,  donotimport 
 
 as  if  it  had  onely  a  delegatory  power  from  the  Pope  by 
 \iv!dc  T  ^^^^"^^  gL'ant  of  his  ,  as  is  fancied  by  thofer  would  have  it 
 dejur'e  Kegis  fojforwc  rcadof  uo  fuch  concclYions  from  him,  unleffe 
 Ecciefiap.c  9.  that  of  Nkholas  the  2,  of  which  in  the  next:  Rut  that  they 
 .p.  200.   YY^i-c^Qi^t-ji^ujjlly^j^ej-cifecl^the  Pope  fceing,«5c  cither  ap- 
 proving, or  at  lead  making  no  fuch  fliew  of  his  disliking 
 them  ,asbarr'd  their  pradice,  which  by  compari-ng  the 
 faid  authors  is  plain.    Eadmerus  ,^.125,  53>54.  fpeaks  as 
 if  thefe  cuftomes  were  cone e (fa ,  fungi  permijfa  from 
 Rome:,  which  pag.  118,  33,  40.  he  calls  anttqua  Anglu 
 ccnfuetudo^  liber tas  Reini^^z.    So  paq-.  i  1 6, 22.  he  terms 
 
 oEadmcr.        ,    -^  •      j      •  .'9  ■  r      ri  \   l^  ^     t 
 
 \.6^  2  5 .  e?'  ^i^Q^^ privuegia  Pa-tri  CT  Fratrijuo^libiqiie  d  Romana  Eccle- 
 iib.z.perto-  Jiajamolimcollata,  &c.  about  which  yet  it  is  manifcfl:^ 
 ^^*%c  p  1 1'  ^^^"  ^  by  him ,  the  Court  of  Rome  was  ever  in  contcH: 
 yHcn.  I.  £.  with  out  Kings  about  them  ,  who  maintained  them  as 
 ^'/? '*/'"'^J^'^- their  Royalties  a<2;iinft  it,  and  challenged  by  Henry  the 
 46, 49.         1 .  by  no  other  titl-e  then  fdigmtates^  ujus ,  &  conjuctudt- 
 
 7%C5  , 
 
Chap.  III.   oftheOmrcho/Enghnd.      17 
 
 nes  y   quas   Pater  ejus  in  reg'ao    hahutt  ^   (5cc.  which  the 
 Pope  ! cMs  honor cs  quos  a?neceJsorum  nofirorum  tempore  /Eadmcr. 
 Pater  tuushahuerat  ^   and  afHrmcs  to  \)<:  grata  in  fuper-  P-^^'  ^'^ 
 ficie  J  —  inter ttis  reqtufitaC'  Legativocibiis  expojitaygra- 
 "VIA  &  "Vehement tj^irnxparuer tint :  fo  far  have  Popes  been 
 from  conferring  the  lead  unto  them,  fee  cap.  3 .  w.  i  9. 
 
 14.  It  is  true,  things  done  by  Princes  asoftheirown  .-.vuecai^, 
 Right ,  Popes  finding  not  means  to  ftop  ,  would  in  for-  "  4. 
 mcr  ages  as  later,  by  priviledgc  continue  unto  them. 
 Nicholaus  Papa  hoc  Domino  meo  privtlegium  ,    quod  ex 
 paterno )urefufceperat ^  /^r-^^/yz/j'faid  th'Emperours  Ad-  rBaion.n. 
 vocate.And  the  fame  Pope  finding  our  Kings  to  expreflc  *" 
 
 ~^««.I0  5  9. 
 
 2J 
 
 one  part  of  their  Office  to  bcrcgere  populum  Domini ,  d^ 
 Ecclcfiam  ejus  ,  wrote  to  Ecijvard  the  Confeflbr  ,  Fohs  dr 
 fojlerts  uejtrts  regibus  Anglix  committtmus  advocation 
 nem  cjufdemloci ,  &  omnium  totius  hng\\x  Ecclefiaru7n  , 
 C^  "Vice  nostra  cum  Concilio  Bpifcoporum  <ir  K^hbattim 
 conjlituatis  ubique  quxjujlafunt.  Asa  few  years  fincc, 
 **  the  Republick  of  Venice  not  affentini'  to  fend  their  Pa-  ^  Maurocc« 
 march  to  an  examination  ati^i?;i^^,according  to  a  Decree  ^nn.icoi, 
 of  clement  the  Z^^^  P/iulus  J^mtus  declared  that  z;^/'^^-  />.  629.C. 
 r«^^  Vcnetiarum  A^itiFHtes  Clemcntis  decrcto  eximeren-  ^^Jl'  ^f'^^' 
 
 p.  oby .  b. 
 
 tur  :  fo  that  now  that  State  doth  by  an  exemption  what  card,  oiiat. 
 they  did  before  as  Soveraign  Princes.    Bcfides,  Kings  £/"Akp'"< 
 ilid  many  times  as  graunts  ask  thofe  things  ofthe  Pope ,  Hoi^.^^' 
 they  well  underftood  themfelvcs  to  have  power  of  x Kunj«<«r 
 doing  without  him.  ^ He nrjf  the  <^^^-  demanded  o{  Mar-  ^•^^('•56.57. 
 /in  the  5.  five  particulars  :  to  which  his  Ambaffadors  cichichlcy 
 finding  him  not  fo  ready  toaiTcnt,  toldhimy^/;?w^W.t-  abAnhato 
 t is  habere  y  ut  coram  eo  profiteantur ,  Regem  iniis  fingulis  J^"      '''* 
 jure  fuo  tifirum^  utpote  qua  non  necejsitatis ,  fed  honoris  j  Kot.  Pari 
 caufapetat^  &  ut  publicamde  eare  coram  univerfi  Cardt-  i/E^.  ^ 
 nalium  coetu  protcflationem   interponant.      And  to  the  2V.  Hd!'f.'^'' 
 fame  purpofc  there  are  fundry  examples  yet  remaining  oH,  ^uy\(-  n, 
 on  record  ,   where  y  the  Kini^  on  the  petition  ofthe  »5'  ^  ^^•'^- 
 Commons  for  redrefleof  fome  things  (of  Ecclefiaftick  3.Ha.>;.i$, 
 
 P  ,  cogni- 
 
18  ^{nHtJloricalFtudicdtion  Chap.III. 
 
 ^eeu^A.  cognizance)  amiffc,  firft  chiifcs  to  wiirc  to  the  Popc; 
 but  on  his  dchy ,  or  failing  to  give  fttisfaftion ,  doth  ei- 
 
 ^  Malms,  df  thcr  himfclf  bv  ftatiitcrcdrcflc  th'  inconvenience,   or 
 
 Anicim.  command  the  Archbilhop  to  fee  it  done. 
 
 joiAzy.  15.  ]  5.  But  here  before  I  proceed anv  farther ,  becaufe 
 
 lohltLcd  ^^  cannot  be  dcnyed  ,  in  former  times  there  was  often  in- 
 
 I  ?27, 58.  tercourfe  between  the  Church  of  L?7gland  and  Rome  , 
 
 «Eadmer.  ^j^j  i^\^^\'^  ^5  wcrc  fcut  from  thencc  hither  are  by  fomc 
 
 b  ihid.  p.'i  15,  fly  led  Nuncit ,  by  others  Legati ;  I  think  it  not  amifle  to 
 ^7-  confider  what  the  caufc  was  one  fide  fo  much  oppofed 
 
 \^n^l^?  ^^ '  the  fending  a  Legat,  and  the  other  fo  laboured  togain  it. 
 JEadmcr.  16.  After  the  erection  o{  Canterbury  into  an  Arch- 
 
 ^^^g--iy  3-?.  biflioprick  ,  the  Biiliops  of  that  See  were  held  quafid' 
 y?roAnfdir,o.  tcriu5  orhis  Pap.^j  as  Vrban  the  2.  =? ftyled  them  ,  did  onely 
 c Ibid. p. icy,  cxcrcife  ^v'ues^^poflolicasin  K^nglta,  that  isufedthe 
 ^5-f'^5'n'  f^Q^^  poW'Cr  within  this  Ifland  the  Pope  did  in  other 
 /Gervas.Do-  parts;  the  One  ^  claiming ,  becaufe  Europe  had  been  con- 
 \^ol  ^166%  verted  by  difciples  fentfromi?^;»^5theother,thathehad 
 lEadmcr.  fcut^  prcachers  through  £;^^/;«;i'^.  And  is  therefore  cal- 
 f3o  9.  led  frequently  in  om\VuiQ.\:s^ princeps  Epircopomm  ex/;^- 
 
 ^1^.1 1 B.  47.  g^^^  ,  Ponttfixjummus  ,  /  P  at  r  tare  ha ,  g  primas  ,  and  his 
 cominuatio  (cat  h  Cathedra  Patrtarchatus  K^nzlorum :  and  this  not 
 w?aorn  ^"  civility  onely  ,  but  they  were  as  well  '^fic  hahitt  as  nomi- 
 ^m,  1136.  nati.  It  is  true,  the  correfpondency  between  it  and  the 
 p^.  5 1  ? .       Roman  was  fo  sreat ,  they  were  rather  held  one  then  two 
 
 J  Cjcrvas- Do* 
 
 robcrn.  cqU  Chutchcs :  yct  if  any  queftion  did  arifc  ,  the  determina- 
 nts j,  5  5-  tion  was  in  a  councell  or  convocation  hercj  as  ^  the  de- 
 Wj"o7n.^  pofing  St)gand,  ^  the  fettling  the  precedency  between 
 ^nw.1070.  C^;^/^;-^;^^;/ and  7"cir/t  j'^  theinftrudionsi  mentioned  of 
 ^if'^'^^'  Hen.  i.tohisBifliops,  "the  right  ofthc  Kingdomethat 
 mfupranAj.  nouc  fliould bc drawu out ofit/7.Vi:7^r//.^/^  ApoHolica^  do 
 nW.Mar.  cnough  affure  US ,  ifrecourfe  were  had  to  Rome  j  it  was 
 1 246.  p.699,  onely  ^tnmajort  Concilto  decidatur quodterminari  nonpo- 
 10.  -vide  pofl  /«//,as  to  the  more  learned  divines,  to  the  elder  Church, 
 ^x^'xnwxrnTrH.  ^f  g^^catcft  uotcln  ^^r^/c ,  by  whom  thcfc  wcrc  coHVcr- 
 
 •  Malms. /«/.  152, b.  12. /ff«.  ?. 
 
 ted^ 
 
Chap.  III.  ojthe  Qmrch  o/England.         19 
 
 ted  ,  and  therefore  more  reverenced  bvthis,  as  that  was 
 mol\  loUicitoiis  of  their  well-doing  ,  and  molt  icl'pcclcd 
 for  their  wildomc.  All  which  ismanifcft  by  that  humble 
 l^ctt ex: :.KL"aulph:is  <5c  others oiAferct/i  wrotcaboiit  797.  ..  jhnjc p^. 
 to  Leo  the  3.  whereniir  plainly  appears,  he  (ccks  to  that  ^zj^Ksiih,  i. 
 Sec  for  direction  ,  becau!c  the  convcrfionofthc  Nation  ^^^"  ^^* 
 firll  came  from  thence,  and  there  reiided  in  it  men  of 
 found  learnins; ,  whonihe  doth  therefore  dcfirc  as  ^/^z- 
 bus  k  Deornento  J^tpie/itiji  cUvis  collate  cjl  ^  ut  fuper  hue 
 c.vifa  (which  was  the  placing  an  Archiepifcopall  chair 
 at  Litchfield  J  cum  fkpicntihus  vcjlris  qu£r^tis,&  quic-- 
 quid  vobis  vtdcatur  nobis  pojie.t  rejcrtbere  digue  mini.  By 
 which  it  is  clear  his  inquifition  was  as  unto  peribns  of 
 profound  literature  ,  (  had  the  key  of  knowledge  con- 
 ferred on  them)  not  as  to  thofehad  auctority  over  this 
 Church. 
 
 17.  As  for  aclsof  Ecclefiaftick  audority,  what  pro- 
 ceeded not  from  the  King,  did  from  th' Archbilhop  , 
 \\  ho  was  not  at  all  commanded  by  any,f  nullius  tinquam  p  Gervas. 
 Icgati  duioni  addiclus ,  but  ^preceded  them  all.  ^Nonc  Dorobem. 
 did  were  a  Miter  within  his  Province  ,  or  had  the  Cro-  ^^jltlloi^,^' 
 fier  carried  ,  norlayd  any  excommunication;  and  when  i485>  63. 
 he  did, the/Cler2;v  of  the  place  did  teach  .both  from  the  f-^'°"  ^^  "^^''^ 
 
 1*11/1  ,       ■  1  •  ,      h^cum^orx 
 
 King  and  Archbiinop  ,  not  to  value  it,  on  this  ground,  ^rchiepifco^a 
 that  in  Vioece^  ArchiepifcopiApoflolicam  non  tenet e  (enten-  Cantuancad 
 
 *■  -J     i-       i'  -J  J  talis  ilUtd  tn- 
 
 ^'^^''-  jtim.utin 
 
 iS.  As  for  Councells ,  it  is  certain  none  fromii^w^  vro-vwcta 
 did,  till  1 1  25.  call  any  here:  if  they  did  come  to  any,  as  ^/"/^.""''!'' 
 to  Calcuithy  the  King  upon  the  Advifc  of  th'Archbifliop  immo  c^  /« 
 ^Jia^tuit  diem  conciln.So  when  William  the  firft  held  one  at  ^^^'^A< ^ «'  ^^ 
 Winchejier  1070.  for  dcpofing  Stygmd  ,  though  there  L^eZllslu- 
 came  to  it  three  fent  from  ^/^.v/t/^^^rthefecond  ,  vet  it  quis  tmiratus 
 was  held  ^^jubente  &  pre  fent  eRege,  who  wasxprelident  '^^^^[[^'y^q, 
 ofir.  The  difference  touching  precedency  between  the  lobcm.'^w^?. 
 
 I  :  %G.  6qI, 
 14-85,63.   /Gcr.  Dorobcrn.  ^w);.  1 1S7.  fo!- 1 5  )!>  3  S.     iConcil.    Spelmau.  p4^.  295. 
 KFlorcat.  \Vigotn,/^rt»,  1070,  f-<5-434.   x^/VnLanfrancif.ip./. p  7.fe^  i.d. 
 
 D  z  Sees 
 
20  /InHiJloricall  Vindication  Chap.  Ill- 
 
 SccsoiCa-atcrhuryzwd  7"or/' having  been  before  the  fame 
 
 Pope,  and  by  him  fcnt  back  for  a  determination  at  home, 
 
 it  is  obfcLV^able,  that  in  a  Councell  faid  therefore  tobe 
 
 called  (X pr.ccepto  Alcxandri  Pnp.e  a7:nHente  Rcge  ,  the 
 
 Popes  Legat  (ubfcribed  the   i6^-^'  afrer  all  the  Engbjh 
 
 J  Note,  you  j^ifhops  :  asistrulv  y  recorded  in  the   Antiquitat.  Bn- 
 
 thcfcfub-      tmnicsLEcclefi^p.^S^  ^o.  ngieemg  with  a  very  ancient 
 
 fciiptionf  ia  ^^s.  copv  I  havc  fccn  of  thc  fald  Gounccll^   zsBiceto 
 
 thcioM^otf      and  others  do   T  rank  him  afrer  the  Kinc^ ,   Ca:'}terbiiry, 
 
 cditioni  571.  1        I       1         T  I 
 
 for  in  that  of  and  Tork,  If  any  ilialb.sk  whether  I  have  met  no  copies 
 HAmu  I  re  5.  -j^  \vhich  he  was  placed  otherwifc,  I  muft  confefie  I  haver 
 thc^nioft,  (I  ^^^^^  fome  books  wherein  he  was  above  the  E7igli[h 
 know  nor  on  Bifliops,  next  after  the  Queen;  but  they  were  oneiy  late 
 Tant!)  om'it-  Tranfcripts ,  not  of  any  Antiquity ,  as  in  a  '^bookof  Cr^^- 
 ted.  Liiici  writ  fincethe  beginning  oi  Henry  the  7. 
 
 ^Dxceto  ^^^  T\\^  Pope  for  many  years  now  pad  ,  forbeinga 
 
 ai«  ribhotbe-  Spiritual)  Paftor ,  and  Patriarch  of  the  Weft ,  hath  been 
 €a  Cotton      treated  with  more  reverence  than  any  Bifliop  ,  and  for 
 )• .  xxuii.      i^^jpg  j^  potent  temporall  Prince,  with  more  obfervance 
 tMat.Paris    then  mccrly  a  Ghoftly  Father.   A  ^  grave  writer  notes, 
 hifl.minor,      li^y^Yy  the  firft  having  gonethrough  the  troubles  were  on 
 him  with  his  brother,  and  likcwife  ^/^y^/w  ,  flibjugatis 
 omnibus  mimicisfecurus  erat ,  nee  aliquem  ut primttusfor- 
 midabat  prater  Papam ,  &  hoc  non  propter  fpiritualem  , 
 fed  temporalem  potefiatem.   Which  as  it  is  recorded  of 
 that  Prince,  fo  no  queftion  is  true  of  many  others. 
 
 20.  By  which  we  may  fee,  when /?d?w^  did  in  former 
 
 times  K^pojiolica.  auihor/taf e pr^dpereAtw ^stoB'iihops 
 
 (whom  hefty  led  his  brothers,)  no  other  thenfuchfra- 
 
 ternall  commands  the  elder  may  and  doth  ordinarily 
 
 lay  upon  the  younger  brother,  of  whom  he  isfollici- 
 
 c  2  r/jp/j.iii.    tons ;  fuch  as  S^  Pauls  were  ^  to  the  The(falonia?)S ,  ^  phi- 
 
 12- .  lemon^&iQ,  No  othcrthenof lateO/i/z^j werctoA'wc;^, 
 
 cKnox  Hi/?,  ^ho  being  chofcnby  certain  oi Franc k ford  xo  bePrea- 
 
 chunh  of      cherunto  them,  ^ rheirvocafio^^hcobofycdy  albeit  un- 
 
 iTfdiuc^^.  '^^ll^^ghi  alfk^coiXim^ndmQmoffha$notdle/erva?u 
 
Chap  .III.    oj  the  Church  of  England .     21 
 
 c/  Cci  lohn  C/ilvjn ,  &:c.  And  a  little  after  the  Lords  of 
 ScotLind  lending  for  him  home,  ^didaccompany  their     ^"^P'^o 
 letters  to  him  with  others  to  <iJ\[r.  Calvin  ,  craving  of 
 him  y  that  by  his  auclority  he  would  command //^^/^/^^ 
 lohn  once  agun  to  vijit  them ,   &c.     And   truly  wholo- 
 cvcr  will  Withoui:  partiality  lerioufiy  coniider  the  whole 
 contexture  of  our  Lawesand  Hillorics,  weighing  one 
 circumftance  with  another,  muftconclude the  Popes 
 commanding  to  have  been  njolcntihus  ,   not  ?jolcnt!hus  , 
 (asg  J'/. -fy/^r^/z^favs  thofe  ofaBifliopoua,ht  tobc)  for  if  S^f'''?^-. 
 d. Hiked  ,  his  precepts  werc'^  qucftioned  ,    i  oppofed,  Hchodoruai 
 *thofc  he  lent  not  permitted  to  meddle  with  that  they  ^^  '• 
 came  for,  their  prohibitions  that  others  fhould  not,ncg-  '[,i^c)t]^^o. 
 Icclcd  .*  Th:  Bngltfh  having  ever  cftecmcd  the  Church  p.'i  25, 29- 
 of  Canto  b:{}j  in  Spiritualls,  that  is  qiufunt  or  dm  is, with-  [^^^^^^'J^i^' 
 out  any  intervening  fuperior  ^   omnium  nojlrttm  mater  i},i<,c6. 
 (ommtfnis  p{bfpon(ifui  lefu  Chrifti  difpofitione ;   in  oth cr  u  r  <"'  ^'-  ^ 
 things ,  as  points  of  Government ,  the  ordering  that  of  ^  \\^,\il^o^ 
 r'ght  and  cufbome  ever  toh.ive  belonged  to  the  King  W^us 
 aaiftcd^  with  his  coimcellofBiniops,  and  others  of  the  J^°g'  g^°^' 
 Clergy,  who  w^is  therefore  called  ^Vr^r///j  C/;r//?/,  6cc,  and  thcfc 
 as  I  fliallfhcw  hereafter  more  at  large.  ^    TheChurch  !^^y/^'^'»''\ 
 of^;?^/;z;7^  holding  that  of  ^^  Augnjime  an  undoubted  many  others 
 truth,  In  hoc  Reges  y  Jicuteis  divmitus  j^rxcipitur  ,  Deo  may   be 
 ferviHnt  in  c^uantum  Reges  funt,  fi  mjno  regno  bona, ju-  ^  Jcr^Doro- 
 beant^malaprohibeant  -,   nonfolum  qua  pertinent  ad  huma-  bcrn.   lol, 
 namfocietatem ,  njerum  etiam  qu^z ad  divmam  reli<iionem\  J\\V^*^»' 
 and  accordingly  our  Kings ,  lo  far  as  any  Laws  or  Re-  ,665,i4.ca/. 
 cordsof  their  adtions  are  extant,  from  £//7^/^fr/by  the  i^i5><5-- 
 Saxons  to  the  Conqueft ,  and  from  the  Normans  to  thefe  tyl^^J^cmT- 
 later  times,  have  upon  occafion  cxcrcifed  a  power,  puUmaiiquo 
 fhc  wing  fuch  titles  were  not  in  vain  conferred  on  them,  ^^^^h^^'--^^'!:' 
 Neither  did  any  decifion  ,  thoughncver  fo  punftually  Kf^zV^C^-'V 
 
 alone-,)  fed 
 C'JtiOffttm  juiicitun  ,  fine  publico  C^  EccIefiaflicO  CciKilio  iitos  nulla poffefione  priyari  dchwjje-^  R.*  - 
 ^em  id non  reftitudinis  -^elo  ,  fed commodt  fui comfendiofeciffe.    Malms. /o/. 1 0:5.  a .  iS.  reports 
 this  faying  of  alegar/fr  n,  24.  m  Cgntrn  Crclcon.  Gramme,  /,j.  cap.^i.  to-  7- 
 
 "^  D  3  had'^ 
 
22      AnHijlorkd  VmdicMion      Chap.  III. 
 
 had  in  Rome ,  unlclTe  the  parties  agreed  ,  ftmt  the  ftnfc, 
 till  the  King  concurred  with  it  j   as  the  frequent  deter- 
 minations on  the  behaU'of  CanteYhury'Vii'^oiwx.  offupe- 
 jm;mT/^    riority  above  Tork ,  found  m^  Malmsl^iiry  and  others , 
 foi.  II  8,*a.fo    niay  teach  us ,  which  yet  never  received  a  hnall  end ,  till 
 joi.  1  zo,b,      £dipard  the  3 .  under  the  great  fcal  let  a  ^  period  to  that 
 
 Brl'lr^cc/e-  ^^^S  controvctfy, 
 
 /frfjtnsimone  2 1 .  But  after  the  Pope  began  to  think  ( or  rather  to 
 iilcp.  p.  2c  9,  f^y^  himfelf  had  onely  P  ple/ntudo  EccleJiaJitCdt  potejlatis , 
 ^Dedunori-  ^  that  no  Counccll  could  givc  Laws  to  huii ,  butallre- 
 tAteG^  tijii  ceive  ftrength  from  him ,  and  the  Canonitls  flattery  ex- 
 qveEie'ciiO'  tended  to  declare  him  ^  fuprajura, ,  &  in  eofujjiat  pro  r^- 
 nczp'eieth  1 10 ?ie  Voluntas  t,  his  miflives  ran  in  an  higher  tone  then 
 poteffj'.ec.^  formerly,  andhiscommands ,  which  were  at  firftac- 
 detemp.  ordi-  cording  to  ^  th  example  of  SK  Paul  joyncd  with  exhor- 
 tiMd.  cap.z.  tations ,  entreaties,  and  the  like ,  to  carry  ^  K^pojloltu  ah- 
 prcil'e.  Horitate  comprimere\  and  to  th' Archbifliop  demurring 
 
 iVhil'ip\\\\.i.  in  th'  execution  of  them,  ^tuum  candcUbrum  concutte- 
 ,    ^         '  mus  •,   Cr  tanta?n  pr^umptionemcum  qravwus  uIhyis  exi- 
 
 co/.  i8oi>55.  ,         J      -^   ,     '^  n  ^      t  ,   1 
 
 u  Ibid.  itii4,  gemu5\  and  ,  ^Ji  mandatum  nojirum  negUxens  veldiHu- 
 3+-  tens  adimplere^  quiaju/ium  eft  ut  ei  obedientiafubtraha- 
 
 Dorobern.     ^^^  qui  Jedi  Apojiolicx  neglexerit  ohedire  ,  venerabilibus 
 Ann.  1 193.    fratribus  fujfraganets  tms  per  fcripta  no  (Ira  mandavimus, 
 col.  1 60Z,  64,  ^^  fji^^  reverentiam  non  impendent,   ^mdfi  &c.  ttbi  fcce- 
 ris  (xhiberi  •,  fcia^  te  tunc  ab  Epifcop all  dtgnitate  fufperz- 
 fumy  &c.   phrafes  and  manners  of  writing  denoting 
 much  more  of  auCtority  then  was  ufed  by  Popes  in  elder 
 times.  By  which  is  manifcft ,  the  point  in  difference  be- 
 tween the  Archbifliop  and  the  Pope  to  have  been  not 
 the  fending  a  Legat  hither  ,  but  of  one  with  a  power  a- 
 bove  him  ,  to  command  the  Engltjh  Clergy,  that  is  to  re- 
 move  their  dependency  from  him  to  v^ome  as  a  fupcrior 
 over  him. 
 
 22.  To  his  gaining  which  thefe  ufages  ofth'Arch- 
 bifliops  were  great  flops ,  drawing  fo  near  an  equality , 
 and  fo  pregnant  teftimonics  of  his  no-divine  right  to 
 
 ,    ,  meddle 
 
Ghap.IIL   of  the  Church  of  l^n^.:ind.      23 
 
 meddle  here,  noteafy  to  be  removed,  unleflc  fomc 
 from  the  Pope  Mere  admitted  into  the  Kingdome  ,  that 
 might  at  leatlgivc  an  cHay  to  the  guiding  the  Englijh 
 Church  after  the  papallintercft:  but  that,  howearnetUy 
 foevcr  prcl\  ,  came  to  no  cfi'ecl:  till  1125.  lohannes  Cre- 
 mcnfis .   a  pcrfon  well  undcrilandinc^  ( asjv  appeares  by  ^^'^'^^^^^^^ 
 
 %        ^  ^  f,-  ',  Vital  IS  fttf^. 
 
 his  carnage  hx  years  before  at  Rams  J  the  dehgnes  ot  8:>2. 
 Home,  ?  came  to  the  Kino;  in  7Vorma?/dy',   where  after  ?^>mcon 
 fome  Itay ,   his  journey  hither  was   permitted;  with  ^„,;.ii2j, 
 whatqualifications  Ifindnot;   but  coming  with  Letters  co/. 151,61. 
 xo  Canterbury  at  Eaftcr ,  performed  th'OiTice  of  the  day 
 in  a  more  eminent  chair  as  an  Archbifliop,  for  fo  I 
 En2;lifli  loco  ftimmiVontfflcts ,  accordino;  to  the^  phrafe  ''^^^"^^^- 
 ot  thofe  limes,  and  ,  though  a  Cardinal! prieft,  ufed/;/-  pan.ni,^. 
 fignus  Pontificalibusi\\t  habitofaBifliop  :  which  being  ^^''^-  ■^"'^<'' 
 t>  an  unufuall  novelty,  paft  not  without  fcandall.   Rut  1665,5". 
 in  acouncell which  he  held  and  prefidedin  'xxLondon ,  bi««//Mu«fl- 
 the  Kingdom  took  more  offence:  I  fliall  deliver  it  in  tcm  jS/7^ 
 my  authors  own  words-;  -^'^sn?//?;/?  AngliamDinon  ??iodi-  c Gcr.  Doro- 
 c.xmcommozit  tndignationem\   Vtderes  Cf2imrem  e/itenus  bcm.  ^cl< 
 regno  K_Anglorum  tn/iuditam  ,    Clericum  fcilicet  Presbl-  ^^6^  4a. 
 terutsntumgraduperfuncfum,  Archiepifcopis  y  Evifcopisy 
 Ahhatihus  ,  totiufque  regn'tnobilibus  quiconfluxerant ,  in 
 Jublimi  folio  pr^Jidere  •   tllos  autem  deorfum  fcdentes  ,  ad 
 nutHmejusviiltu  &-A.urtbHs  animumfufpei'fumhahentes. 
 From  whence  we  may  conclude  it  a  thing  before  not 
 heard  of ,  foranyLegat,  though  a  Gardmall,  topre- 
 cede  Biihops,   (thefirfi:  Councell  in  which  they  prece- 
 ded Archbifliops  I  take  to  have  beeii  the  Councell  of 
 Vienna  1311.  where  th'  Archbifliop  of  Tork  v^  noted 
 to  have  been  placed  ^/'r/wr/j-d^^r^r7^////j ^(9/?  Gardi?7'a-  ^Tliomas]  j 
 les ,   &  poft  Trevirenfem  Archieptfcopnm-A  or  be  featcd  Stubs, /if?. 
 in  a  more  eminent  place  over  riiem;  ( I  havC ^  flrcw'd  f^/.  1730,  jo. 
 they  did  not  Ilibfcribe  in  Englifh  Co ancelis  ibt)ve  themj )  c  su^ra  n  i  %. 
 that  thefe  mutations  were  fcandalous  to  th^narion. 
 23.  As  iWs -is  thcfirftEcclellaftick  Synod  called  and 
 
 managed 
 
24-        AnHiJloricall  Fmdication    Chap.IlI. 
 
 f^Hsii"-  managed  by  any  Lcgat  from  Rome-^  lb  before  his  cre- 
 Dunclm.  col.  jentiall  ^'Letters  from  Homrius  the  2 .  as  well  to  the  Lay 
 gioi»xxi.i5,  as  Clergy,  I  have  not  met  with  the  Text  S  Pafce  oves 
 i<s>i7.  meas  ufed  to  prove  him  the  gcnerail  Paftor  of  all  the 
 
 m«^4»^i5.'  World  :  ic  is iraOy  Pafchal:s  the  2.  ^Ucn  years  before  ufes 
 o.^nn.  1 1 1 5.  it  to  prove  his  auftority  over  ^  Bifliops  ^  but  neither  doth 
 iEcflefumn  ^  ^^/c/^^  1095 . produce it ,  neither  doth  thisCatdinall 
 k  Eadmet.  2iO Rcims  1 1 1 9.  mention  it ,  though  either  of  them  did 
 ^<ig.i7*}7.  alleadge  as  many  places  of  Scripture  as  were  then  com- 
 vitaiis'otf^!  ^^^O"  to  prove  th' extent  of  his  power;  and  PetrusBle- 
 %6i,^.omne5.  fen/is  y  that  lived  a  little aftcr ,  '^ interprets  it  as  fpoken 
 ?  r^"*/i^^^'  to  all  Bifliops ,  and  to  import  no  other  then  Evanzeli- 
 148,  zare\  a  certain  ligne,  it  that  expoation  were  hatch  tbe- 
 
 nve  confide-  fore,  it  was  not  common  ,  which  afterward  approved 
 ''*"*'ir.2.  ^  ^y  ^^  S^.Berftardy  and  infertedinto  ^  the  Canon  Law  by 
 
 gen. 
 
 cap.  g  Boniface  the  8 .  about  the  year  1 3  00.  is  now  flood  upon 
 
 ti^^oriur^  asthcBafis  of  papall  greatnefle.  But  to  return  to  that  we 
 9btdiem,ci,   were  on. 
 
 24.  The  Archbiiliop  fenfible  of  thefe  indignities , 
 proceeds  not  as  his  predeceffor ,  byjoyntCounccUof 
 the  Bifliops,  Abbots  and  Nobility,  but  hath  himfclf 
 p  Malms.  (?e  rcQOudcto  Rome  (who  already  knew  P/e  converter e  /id 
 "^fT'  ^'^'b '  orator  urn  verfutiAs ,  dummodo  confuUt  fms  profecfibus  ) 
 39.  *  '  where  the  Pope, (which  was  Honortus  the  z,)  commic- 
 q  Gcrvas.  ^.^ j  \xx\x.o  him  1  vtcesfuAS  in  Anglia  &  Scotia ,  &  Jpojlo- 
 coT^66i,o.u  licA  fedis  Legatum  conftitmt  :  So  that  he  who  before 
 yEadmcr.      "^A^" Prtmas  Anglix  ,  Scotix  &  Hibernian,  necneadja- 
 
 *j^^ 0*9  Vie  <-^^^i^^  i^^f^^^^'-^^^  5   that  none  elfe^^rr^^^/i^/rf/  Apojlo- 
 95,3/  licas  in  Britannia  y  and  this  of  his  own  right,  without 
 
 iih\L^%Al.  any dclegatory power,  might  now  doing  the  fame  be 
 faid  to  do  it  by  a  power  derived  from  Rome,  An  inven- 
 tion highly  advantagioustothe  Papacy  :  for  before  the 
 King  and  Archbifliop  ,  or  rather  the  Archbifliop  by  the 
 Kings  will  and  appointment,  had  ever  taken  cognizance 
 of  all  matters  of  Epifcopacy,  as  thceredion  of  Bifliop- 
 ^iqi^s ,  difpofingand  tranllating  Bifliops,  &c.  So  Pafchfllis 
 
 the 
 
Chap.III.   ofthe  C/^/^rc^ ^England,     25 
 
 the  i.cxpofiulatcswith  Hc7i.\\\z  i.  ^  thatfr^/^r  au^ori-  ^  ^M  Ead- 
 iatem  no(ham Eptfcoporum  tranjlattones pr£funjitis  ^  <5cc.  ^.^/'^f''*^' 
 and  the  '^'dcpofing  of  them  to  have  been  in  a  Synod  *p<tg.\i9,y^. 
 "  Hiftorinns  of  all  times  before  allure  us  ,  even  unto  ^^^c"*'n'  j 
 
 ^       /^        /  I  -       11  u  iff    Bed. 
 
 Lanjr,ink  ,  who  ^  attempted  it  upon  Imall grounds  a-  lib.^.eap.2,6\ 
 gamft^^^^?^«.  As  fordividin2;Bifliopricks,andereaini;  ^crvas.  Do« 
 new  where  none  were,  y  Theodore  did  nwcmUlUrcu  16^8,37. 
 cumconfenfu  Regum  & principum  ,  (without  ever  fend-  *  Mat.  Pans 
 ingtoi^^w^j  as  he  did  others  ^elfewhcre.    AndHer/ry  I^^a?"^^?^' 
 the  I.  long  after  placed  EpifGopall  Chaires  ar  Eij  and  fo/.4c6, 10. 
 Car///Ie  ,  without  acquainting  the  Popes  with  it.  It  is  ^  ^^^'^^  ^^'- 
 truc,  o////?/w/?  an  Ttaltany  either  not  knowing  the  rights  ^  B^cd^//L7/ 
 ofthe  Kingdomc  ,  or  rather  outofa  defire  to  intereil  ^^^-j-  ^'^4. 
 the  Pope  in  every  thing,  writes  to  him  of  Ely ,   that^  de  [^I'^^l'*  ''^' 
 *uejtrx  pendet  au^oritate  prudenttA  to  addc  ftrcngth  to  ^  Eadmer. 
 Ecclefiaftick  ordinances  of  this  nature^   yet  it  is  clear  M'9^»^°- 
 by  his  very  Letter,  the  King,  Bifliops  and  Nobility  had 
 already  concluded  on  it,   with  vhom  he  had  con- 
 curr'd,  asking  Vafchdis  aQcnt  after  the  deed  done:  which 
 fhews  rather  he  did  it  in  civility,  then  of  necelTity, 
 nek  pojieris  ulUpr^zfumptionevioUtur  ^x!wi\.  no  cavilling 
 might  arife  in  the  future  to  the  difturbance  ofanaftion 
 Weil  fettled,  that  paft  by  fo  great  advice ,  as  not  onely 
 the  Engltfh  Church,  but  the  firftBifliop  ofthe  w^orld 
 and  Patriarch  of  the  Weftjoyned  in  feeing  the  need- 
 ful nefle  of  it.  And  it  is  herenot  unworthy  the  remem- 
 bring,  that  ^U^f^rjv,   how  much  fo  ever  addicted  to 
 Rome  y  yet  admitted  the  ^  Bifliops  of  thofe  Sees  her  Fa-  ^Gioccflct 
 ther  had  creeled  during  the  fchifm  ( as  they  called  it )  to  Z^^^tm^t 
 fit  in  Parliament,  before  any  confirmation  of  them  by  i  Tviur.  2^. 
 the  Pope.  pn7i5^4. 
 
 25.  Of  thefe  and  the  like,  though  cafes  proper  for  p^/^^/j'"^ 
 
 the  'Papacy  alone,  yet  being  without fcruplecxcrcifcd  i^xov  w^.-r 
 
 1 55+.  I.  dtii 
 
 i.Pb.  C  Mar.  lournzll  des  S'eigneurs  :  yet  the  Atfl  of  reconciling  this  Kiiigdorrc  to  I^omef 
 and  confirming  tl.ofc  Rilhopricks  by  the  Pope  ,  paft  not  till  the  jio.  of  Koyember  after, 
 however  they  were  reputed  lawfull  Bilhopricks  before,  c  Caus."^,  qu^c^.O,  c-t^J,  C^Jc 
 I'.ranjlM.  i"/>/y/.ftfp.2  Bcllarm.  Ub,  4.  dc  Ecclef.  c.tp.S  §  }<4/;c»,5cc. 
 
 E  ill 
 
26      ^^^  Hisioricali  Findication  Chap.  Ill . 
 
 in  the  Chvuohoi E^^gUni  ,  and  no  conrroul  from  Rome^ 
 it  would  not  be  eafy  to  difpoffeQe  the  Aichbifliop  o£ 
 medhng  with  ,  by  ftrong  hand  ,  cfpccially  on  an 
 effay  made  before  in  the  cafe  of  Wilfred. ,  it  being  affir- 
 ^o4^u^  mcd  ,  ^quod  ejfet  co?}tr.trationcm  y    hominijambis  k  tota 
 
 Malmsb.yo/.   i^figlorum  Ecclejia  dAm?%ato  ^  propter  qudihet  K^pojlo^ 
 licajcripta.  commumcare  :  the  way  therefore  of  making 
 him  the  Popes  Legat  was  invented  ,  by  which  thofe  par- 
 ticulars he  did  before  without  interruption  of  his  own 
 right,  he  (whom  it  was  not  cafy  to  barre  of  doing, 
 them)  might  be  faid  to  a<ft  as  his  agent:  which  was  a* 
 *  11^7.        bout  *  this  time  firfl:  committed  unto  him  of  any  Arch- 
 f Baron,  <ow.  hl(hop  of  Ca?/urlpurjf -,  though^  BaromuSi  not  finding 
 r.  Ann.  676'    how  the  very  fame  pad  before  ,  hncics  Theodore  to  have 
 done  them  ,  cut  totius  Angluk  Romano  Pontifice  veluti 
 j^poftolic^  fedis  Legato  cur  a  credita  erat^   who  certainly 
 if  he  were  his  Legat,  was  very  immorigcrous  in  the 
 cafe  of  Wilfred.  But  to  leave  that  as  a  Chimera  not  to  be 
 aflfented  to  ,  mentioned  by  no  ancient  author,   it  is 
 true,  not  long  after  he  conferred  the  title  oi Legatus 
 fti.  4o»         ^atfts  on  th'  Archbifliop ,  /  of  which  hereafter. 
 
 26.  Toreturnto  th' Archbifhop  ,  whocamehomc 
 ^Tlorent.  With  thisLegatuie  power  1 127.S  crowns  the  King  at 
 Wigorn.^«-  Windfor  ,  and  in  -^4)*  following  holds  a  Gouncell  at 
 J 127.  c^aiU.  WeHminJler ,  cmprafedit  ipfe  yficut  ^^poHoltc^fedis  lega- 
 tus\  which  is  the  firft  Councell  any  Archbifliop  is  noted 
 h  ^pui  to  have  held  asa  Papall  Legat;  and  during  his  life,  Which 
 ^Uor.^o-  was  fevcn  years,  England  did  not  fee  any  other. 
 jhanncs  Ha-  zj.  After  his  death  the  Sec  of  C^/^/^^i^/^r;  lay  two 
 ^uiftad.fo/.  years  vacant ,  fo  a  fit  time  for  the  Pope  to  look  this  way , 
 Kichardus  cfpccially  K.  *y/^//7^;^  making  it  part  of  his  title,  thathe 
 Haguiftad.  \vas  ^»  confirmed  by  him  in  hisKingdome  :  therefore 
 W.lo/^su  1  n  S.  Innocentms  the  fecond  fent  hither  f^lhcricm 
 p.  '   B.fhop  of //<?/?/4 ,  the  fecond  ftranger  Ifindcxercifing 
 
 »  Gcrvas.       ^j^^  Leaatinc  auftority  in  England ;   yet  he  was  not  at 
 
 xd.  1 344>  ^:  foft  received  for  one  ,  but  *  w^  tmd^m  fro  re'verentts 
 
 .  "  ^'' '   ""  pomhi 
 
Chap.  III.  of  the  C^HYch  ^/England.         37 
 
 jyomini  ?ap.c.  He  indeed  \vc  nt  farther  then  ever  any  had, 
 for  he  not  onely  called  the  Clergy  Jpojloluaau^hritatc 
 (  as  our  Hiftorians  terme  it )  to  a  Synod ,   ( I  confeflc  he 
 cvoyds  the  word  in  his  letters  of  fummons,  (lyling  it 
 ^colloquium  ,  perhaps  not  to  enter  into  difputc  with  the  ^orob"' 
 King,   who  then  took  himfelf  tobcthe  onely 'caller  of  «/.  r?46,^8 
 them,  and  theallowcr  ofwhatthcy  did)   butdidfar-  '£''^<^"i"- 
 ther  command  the  Prior  and  Convent  of  CanUrl^u-  ^'^  '^^-^'^^ 
 rjy   &c.  ^  to  chufe  fuchan  Archbifliop,  cuifacrorum  wCerDor. 
 canonum  auftorttas  tn  nullo  'ualeat  ohviare ,  cut  compro-  *'•"*•   ^' 
 vtncialcs  Epifcopi pariter  dcbearit  sjfentire  ^   &  cuiDomi- 
 nus  Rex  necpojjit  nee  debet  ajfcnfum  fuum  jujle  denegare : 
 but  farther  not  at  all  intromitting  himfelf.   And  in  the 
 Conncell  he  held,  amongft  other  particulars,  he  ordai- 
 ned ,  that  if  any  injured  an  Ecclefialtick  perfon  ,   ^  2^fi  ^^^{;^^-  g^^ 
 ten  10 adwonttus  fatisfecerit ,  anathemate feriatur ^neque  rob.1548. €?» 
 quifquam  etprxter  Romanum  Pontiflcem  ^  titfi mortis  ur-  Ri^art^- Ha- 
 gente periculo,  modum fcenitent'tdt  finalis injungat.    This  ^    '^ 
 is  the  hrft  that  by  Canon, ought  donein£«^//?;/^wasre- 
 ferr'dto  i?6iA;7^,as  having  a  greater  power  then  i\\zEngiiJh 
 Bifliopstoabfolve;  (of  the  Laws  of  Z/^;^/.  the  i.  Ifhall 
 fpeak  <>  hereafter. )  But  whether  it  were  not  here  much  »«.so. 
 regarded,  or  tlV  exceflcs  ufed  by  Kingi'/^/>^^«againft 
 certain  Bifliops,  and  the  prohibiting  a  Councell  held 
 ziWincheJier  ioicndtoRome ,   as  Pagainft  the  dignity  of  \l\^^^\'^'^' 
 the  realm,  orthathe  freed  of  imprifonmentdefired  to  b.  54»sy. 
 make  fo  potent  a  party,  as  the  Clergy  then  Vv^ as,  more  of 
 his  fide,  I  cannot  fay ;  but  alTuredly  it  was  again  renewed 
 in  a  ^  Councell  2it  London  about  fome  four  years  after.        ?  T  ,1^" "% 
 28.  The  fame  Pope  1139.  conferr'd  u^on  Henry ^  Mn.u^i, 
 K.  Stephens  Brother  ,  and  the  potent  Bifhop  ot  Wtn-  s.Si^ph. 
 (hejler ,  this  Lcgatine  power  ,  which  was  by  him  pub- 
 lifli'tin  a  Councell  at  Wtnchejler  ,  where  his  faculties  r  Malms. /(»/. 
 were  read  "^  bearing  dare  the  i.  OMarch-^  and  being  as  I^q^^'^o- 
 wcWf  L^nglu  Domtnus  byieafon  ofthepowcrheheld  {obctn.col- 
 with  Stephert  y  as  jlpoJloUcjt  fcdis  Legatus  ^  he  called  u^S'^^* 
 
 E  i  thither 
 
Z8         AnHijlorkall  Vtndkdtion     Chap.II  J. 
 
 thithcrth'Archbifliop  that  had  then  fome  conteft  with, 
 the  Monks  of  St.  ^^ugnfiines ,  (whom  the  Pope  gene- 
 rally favour'd  againft  him)  rcfcrrd  to  hisdecifion  from 
 AV^.Thoinc  Rome  ,  fo  that  he  caufed  both  parties  the  ^fecondtime 
 fo/.i8)5,32.  to  appear  thercbefore  him  1 143  .asLegat,  and  by  com- 
 promife  ended  the  bufmefle.    Yet  this  calling  of  the 
 wGervas.      Archbifhop  "  imto  him  was  not  taken  well :  and  the 
 cT,\6l\^Jx^,  fame  year  11 43.  he  did  by  Apoftolick  command  re- 
 ■jndignatM       AotQ  lenmji ,  tcmovcd  by  ThcobM ,  (notwithftanding 
 rheobAld,       j^g  appeal  to  Rome  )  to  be  Prior  o'i  Canterbury :  which  re- 
 ftitutionthefaid  Prior  did  not  think  fit  toftand  by  ,  but 
 for  avoiding  trouble  took  an  3  00.  marks  to  pay  his 
 debts ,  and  placed  himfelf  in  St.  K^ugujiines.    By  thefc 
 carriages  there  grew  great  diftafts  between  thefe  two 
 •  great  Prelats:  the  one  as  Archbifhop  prohibited  Win- 
 *.iokan.  Ha-  chejler^  allEcclefiaftick  functions,  however  the  Popes 
 ^u^zfn-    ^^S^^j  and  bothapplythemfelves to  the  Pope;  from 
 ifrdixit  'Eft-    whence  our  Hiftorians  do  fetch  the  ufe  of  Appeals  to 
 jco^o,  Bpifco-  Rome:,   as  indeed  there  could  not  well  be  any  caufe  of 
 ^lUtluoffwum,  them  before  :  for  as  the  one  cafe  is  the  firft  ever  any 
 Archbifhop  was  called  out  of  his  Diocefe  to  make 
 anfwer  to  any  Legat  as  his  Superior ;  fo  I  believe  it  w  ill 
 be  hard  to  give  an  example  of  ought  done  by  tlV  Arch- 
 bifhop  in  his  ownBifhoprick  till  now  alter'd  by  a  forreign 
 audority.  And  here,  having  mentioned  the  introducing 
 of  Appeals,  the  reader  will  givemeleavetodigreffea 
 little,  botJi  to  fhcw  what  is  meant  by  them,  and  the  man^ 
 |K«»;,  40-    nerof  profecutionofthem;  andthen  ytoreturn,andob- 
 ferve  the  event  of  the  Archbifliops  and  Legats  in  the 
 Comto^Rome, 
 
 29.  It  cannot  be  denyed  ,  the  wofd  Appeal  to  have 
 
 been  ufed  informer  times  with  reference  to  the  Papacy. 
 
 .-jMalmsb./.  \  Cum  ptAfulfedcm  yipojtolicam  appellaffet,  fayes  Mdlmf- 
 
 1 49,  a.  50.     y^^j^y  oij/yilfred',  and  aCouncellheldin  //J/concern- 
 
 \^i^ro^c^\n  '"S  ^i""*  >  *  K^poJlolicAmfedem  de  fud  caufd  appelUns  : 
 
 and 
 
Chap.  Ill   o/thcOmrchofEn^hnd.-     29^ 
 
 andfo  of  fome  others.  Yet  nothing  is  more  certain  then 
 thofcin  whole  time  this  was  did  not  at  all  hold  the  Pope 
 to  have  any  power  of  righting  him  ,  other  thenbyinter- 
 ccfTion  ;  not  as  a  fuperior  Court,  by  ("entencing  in  his 
 favour,  to  undo  what  had  pad  Thcodcrc-,  (*  without  *5tubsfir 
 whole  aflcnt  the  King  could  not  have  deprived  himof  £^'^,^y'''^/^/' 
 hisfeat,)  for  when  the  Popes  ^  Letters  were  brought  1^91. 10. 
 hitherforhisrcftitution,  E^^frid,  withth'advifc  of  his  \^'^^'-i'^' 
 Bifhops  ,  not  onely  refufed,  but  clapt  VVtlfrcd'xw  pri- 
 fon  ;  and  after  his  death  the  ^  Pope  fending  others  vita,  ci^'<^/o/. 
 graves  &  afpeBn honor abilcs ,  Alfrith  though  hcrecei-    ^^"^'^  '^^* 
 ved  the  men  with  great  reverence ,  yet  would  by  no 
 means  admit  the  reltauration  they  came  about ,  butaf- 
 firmed  it  againll:  reafon  to  doit  (behaving  been  twice 
 cowdiQ,vc\'c\zdi)  froj)ter  (iH^lthet  Afofiolicafcrip^.  And  as 
 this  was  in  a  time  when  Chriftianity  mod  flourifhedin 
 this  Nation 5  having  ingenerall  ^  forttpmos  chriflianof-  ^^^^^^  ^'^•4. 
 q^ue  Reges  ;   fo  of  the  Kings  that  did  it ,  of  Egfrid  ^  Beda  c  jij^ud 
 left,  that  he  wcispiifi^us  &'DeodUecfijSimus :  neither  Malmsbur./. 
 can  he  find  any  other  thing  to  blame  in  o///9///^worthi-  ^°"   »^^'3^* 
 ly ,  and  the  Bifhops  that  did  /concur  in  the  aftion  were  /Stubs<fe 
 I  holy  men,  well  feen  in  divine  and  fecular  learnins:;  ^V^^^^^^i'y^ 
 10  that  It  is  not  imaginable  any  thingpalttnemnot  war-  frido  qq\. 
 ranted  by  the  Doclrine  and  rules  of  this  Church.  1 691 ,  10. 
 
 3  o.  For  the  underftanding  of  which,  we  are  to  kno\^  ]^\  cl^.t. 
 the  word  ^^ppeal  is  taken  feverall  wayes;   fometimes  Ub.  r.  cap. 10. 
 ^toaccufe,  fometimes  for  referring  our  fclves  to  fome  ^■^^^^h'  ^* 
 one  for  his  judgment ;   Inch  was  that  of  VFiljreds  ap-  thneuppe/L- 
 pealing  to  Rome,  as  to  a  great  fpirituall  Doctor  and  ^'"•Liv./*^. 
 Church  whofe  judgment  was  very  venerable  in  the  ^horJApp7/i7 
 World,  as  of  late  lohrz  Calvins  and  the  Church  ofoV-  »«  ParUmcnu 
 nev'i  wasto  themof  J'r^??/^;^^  and  Frankford ,^c,  ano-  '^^i. '•'*«^2i. 
 ther  way  we  take  it  for  removing  a  caufe  from  an  in-  which  might  he 
 fcrior  to  a  fuperior  Court  or  ludge,  that  hath  power  o{  ^^^'^^^'^f'    .< 
 difannulling  whatfoever  the  former  did  5  and  this  is  that  J/ J,, 
 our  Hiilorians  affirm  not  to  have  been  in  ufe  till  af- 
 
 E  5  ter 
 
30        (tSiHifioricallFindication  Chap.III. 
 
 \^ti9^l\,    ter  1 1 40.  It  is  certain  ,  long  after  VFUfred '  the  Bifhops 
 io.         '     and  Nobility  did  affurc  K^nfelme  ,  that  for  any  of  the 
 "great  ones,  efpeciallyhim  ,  to  have  recourfe  to  7^(?w^ 
 without  the  Kings  leave  ,  to  be  inaudtttim  &ufihu$  ejus 
 omnt?io  contrarium  ;   and  therefore  required  of  him  an 
 Oath ,    quod  riunquam  amplius  fedem  SanBi  Petri ,  vel 
 ejus  vicar  turn ,   fro  quavis  quA  tihi  ingeri  que  at  caufa, 
 appelles.     I  know  KSinfclm  ,  an  1 1  ah  art  ^  where  the  opi- 
 nion of  the  Papall  abfoluteneffc  had  now  begun  to 
 root,  did  maintain  this  was  Fetrum  abjurare^  and  that 
 Chriflumahjurare  %  and  is  thefirft  of  our  Bifhops  fpake 
 any  thing  in  that  fort;  with  whofe  fenfe  the  Kingdome 
 did  not  concur  in  it.   Foritismanifeft  ,  in  thofe  dayes 
 and  after.  Appeals  to  Rome\JZXQ,  not  common.  In  the 
 k>4;«(/Ead.   yeariii5.l^P^j?/74//Vthe  z.expoftulates  with//^;;r>'  thei, 
 ^'^"  xhdLt^lullHS  tnde  clamor  ^nullum  judicium  ad  fedem  K^po- 
 -I   p.iis.  Jiolicamdejlinatur  \  and  again,  ^  vos  opfrefis  ^^poftoUcA 
 fedts  apfellationem  fubtrahitis.     And  A?:felme  himfelf 
 (peaking  ofthe  proceeding  ofthe  King  in  a  cafe  by  him 
 efteemcd  onely  of  Ecclefiaftick  cognizance ,  lays  down 
 M-  25,+i.  the  mannertobe,  that  it  fhould  be  onely"  ad  fingulos 
 Epifcopos  perfuasparochias ,  aut (lipfi  Epifcopi  in  hoc  neg- 
 hgenles  juennty  ad  Archiepifcopum  &  primatem  ;   ad- 
 ding nothing  of  carrying  it  to  Rome^  ofwhich  I  know  no 
 other  reafon  ,  but  that  it  was  not  thenufuall  to  remove 
 caufes  from  the  Primate  thither.  Yet  after  this,  either  the 
 Henry  tht  importunity  of  the  Pope  prevailed  with  the  *  King ,  or 
 the  pafTage  was  inferted  after  his  dayes  into  theLawes 
 nTabiani  E-  catry  his  uamc^  (as  fome  other  in  the  fame  chapter  may 
 j>i/?.j.ci^sixti  fcem  to  have  been  )  but  certain  in  them  though  he  give 
 toncTl.^c^       f^^  a  rule  that  of  Vo^c^  fabta^i  or  Sixtus  3.  ihifcmper 
 ^^KrfGratian.  caufa  agatur  uhi  crimen  admitiitur,  yet  a  Bifliop  erring 
 €_i.q.6.ca^.i.  jj^  f^ifi^    ^^^  Qj^  admonition  appearing;  incorrigible, 
 
 «f  5.^.178.    ^  adjummos  Pontifices{x\\c  hxiQhb\\\\0'ps)v  el  fedem  Apo/to- 
 ^*-     „       licam  accufctur.    This  is  the  onely  cafe  wherein  I  find 
 
 oife.  Hen  u  ,  ^  -  ^         .    •'  .     ,. 
 
 %i»i  I  ^9t  9.     ^^y  Englijh  Law  approve  a  forrcign  judicature. 
 
 31.  But 
 
 m 
 
 *1 
 
Chap. Ill;  of  tk  C/mc/j o/EngLmd.      31 
 
 3 1.  But  whether  from  the  countenance  ot  this  Law, 
 orthegrcatoppreffionsulcdby  ihcLcgat  ^\n2,Stepher2S 
 Brother,  or  the  frequency  of  them,  it  is  certain,  1 1 51. 
 Appeals  were  held  a  t  crucllintrufion  on  the  Churches  P^""f;  R 
 Liberty  5   (a  as  in  the  Aflizc  at  Clare?idoun  1 164.  coU  aUi. 
 lecled  by  the  body  of  the  Reahii,  '?thc  s.  Chapter  is  -jGcrva?. 
 folely  fpent  in  Hicwring  the  right  of  the  Kingdome  in  ^^^^g""^" 
 that  particular  :    \\\\\c\\^  Johannes   SarisbHrieyjfis  inter-  lEpi/i.  ms^ 
 prets  ,     c^tiod  non  appellarctur  pro  caufd  abqud  ad  fedcm  ^^^'  ''>^' 
 K^pojlolicam  ,  72 ijl  Regis  &  ojjictdtumfuorurn  ventatm- 
 petrata.      Upon  which  the  Bifliop  of  London  moved 
 c^/^,v4»^^r  the  third,  ^^r/v// caufe might  be  determi- 
 ned /  4:^^^/^//(?«^  remota :  at  which  the  Pope  feems  to  /Gems. Do* 
 be  moved ,   and  told  him  ,  h.€C  esi  gloria  me  a  quAm  alt  en  '°^  /^"^'^ 
 nondabo.  And  though  it  feems  by  a  '  Letter  of  the  fame  t  ^^ud  Ho- 
 Prelat,  the  Kino;  would  have  rcftraincd  his  power  one-  '^^^^^"v^T^ 
 
 '  i^  r     ^  ii66.ja.2  8  7- 
 
 ly  to  fuch  as  had  tirft  made  tryall  of  receiving  juftice  at  b.  44.  <jH 
 home ,  claiming  ex  antiqua  regn't  injlitutione-i  ob  clvllem  ^^^^^  ^nn. 
 caufam  nul/us  clericorum  regm  fin  fines  exeat  ^^<i,  and 
 that  too,  if  amifs,  would  have  corrcdcd  by  th'  advifc  of 
 the  'Engltfio  Church :  yet  w  hile  th'  Archbifhop  Uved,that 
 would  not  be  hearkened  toj  but  after  his  death ,  at  the 
 peace   which    1172.  enfued  between   him    and  the 
 Church  of  Rome  ^  it  was  onely  concluded  ,   the  King 
 not  to  hinder  Appeals  thither  in  Ecciefiaftick  caufes,  yet 
 fo  as  a  party  fufpcd:ed  before  his  going  was  to  give  fc- 
 curity  not  to  endeavour  malum fiuum  nee  re^ni.  But  the 
 Kingdom  meeting  in  Parliament  at  lS{orthampton  1 176. 
 not  fully  four  years  after,  would  not  quit  their  interefl", 
 but  did  again  renew  th'  Afllze  of  Clare?idoun ,  ufingin 
 this  particular  fomewhat  a   more  ciofe  expreflion : 
 .*.  lufiicUfiaciant  qu^rere  per  confiuetud'inem  terr£  tllos    '.^puJHo* 
 qui  k  regno  recejferunt ,  &  ntfiredirevoluer'tnt  infira  ter-  ^^^' ^'^^'  ^^^' 
 minum  tiomtnatum ,  &fi:are  incuriabommi  Regis y  ut-  KGcrvas. 
 lagentur,  &c.   in  effeftthe  fame  as  Gervafiius  Dorober-  ^^^o^""*' 
 ncnfis  well  vuidetftood;  who  tclJs  uS;,  ^Acx  ^^ngltA  ftu'/Z/X 
 
 Hcaricus 
 
32  A^^  Hijlorical  Ftndicdtion  Chap .  1 1 L 
 
 Hendcus  co-avocatis  regui primoribus apudNonh:xmptO' 
 niam,  renovAvit  afftjam  ^<?Clarcnclonia,  eamque  pr^- 
 cepttobfervariyprocujusexecrandts  tnJlitHtis  he  At  us  mar- 
 tyr Thomas  Cantuarienfis  ufyue  in  fcptcnnmm  cxuU- 
 vtty  O*  tiXndemgloriofo  mdrtyrto  coronatus  cjl. 
 
 32.  After  which  the  going  to /?(?;?5je' remained  during 
 this  Kings  and  his  Son  Ruhard's  time ,  oncly  according 
 to  their  pleafures ,  the  Clergy  lying  under  the  penalty 
 of  this  Law ,  if  they  did  attempt  farther  then  the  Princes 
 liking  ;   of  which  we  hav^e  a  very  pregnant  example  in 
 the  cafe  of  Geffrey  Archbifhop  of  York,  K.  'Richards  Bro- 
 ther, who  accufed  to  Coelejlinus  3"'  that  he  did  not 
 X  £p//?,  CcE-  onely  x  refufe  Appeals  to  Rome  ^  but  imprifoned  thofc 
 Hoved'^cn'^      who  made  them  ;  upon  it  the  Pope  y  commits  the  caufe 
 ^nn,  1 195.     to  be  heard  by  the  Bifhop  of  Lincoln  and  others ,  who 
 /o/.426.b.:6.  thereupon^  transfer  themfelves  to  r^ri',  where  hearing 
 -J^,^,  the  Teftimonies  of  thofe  appeared  before  them,a(rigned 
 
 2.Jdem,f.4;i7'  him  a  time  to  make  his  defence  to  the  Pope.  Bat  the 
 ^^^^  g  Archbifhop  being  then  well  with  his  Brother,pretendcd 
 
 tfHoveden,  he  could  not  prcfent  himfelf  ini?^;»^?^  <*  for  the  Kings 
 ^ntt,ii9S,  prohibition,  and  theindifpofitionoftheaire.  Not  long 
 bitid.  [.-^2%.  after  the  King  and  he  fell  fo  at  odds,  ^quod  pr^cepitil- 
 3-42.  lum  diffaifirtde  K^rchieptfcopatu  fuo  y   &c.     Gcelejiinus 
 
 upon  this  takes  an  opportunity  to  declare  a  fufpcnfion  to 
 be  notifycd  through  all  the  Churches  of  his  Diocefc, 
 injoyning ,  what  the  King  had  before  ,  the  Lay  as  well  as 
 c  Hovcd.        the  Clergy ,  ^  ne  ipfi  i^rchicptfcopo  vel  offtaalibus  ejus  in 
 Ann.i  1 9^-      temporalibus  refpondere pr^fumant ,  donee  de ipfi  Archiepi • 
 ;o.  3^.     .  jIq^q  ^i^^^^  ^f^^^Yij^j^jj-^fi^^^^P^j^^    The  offence  with  his 
 
 Brother  ftill  remaining,  the  Bifliop  expecting  now  no 
 help  at  home ,  goes  upon  this  to  Rome ,  makes  his  peace 
 ^ibid.f9i.  with  the  Pope,  and  returns  :  butthc  King  <*  committed 
 ♦55.b.  5i.  the  care  even  of  the  Spirituallsof  hisArchbi/Iioprickto 
 others,  without  permitting  him  or  his  Agents  to  meddle 
 tJbtd.ftti^  with  ought,  till  about  two  years  after  he  <^  reconciled 
 44i.b.  to.     himilf  to  the  Crown  5  after  which  he  gave  hraocen- 
 
 tins 
 
Chap.IIL   oj tht  Church  of  ^w^^wdi.        3> 
 
 tius  3"'occafion  to  write,    f Non  excufxre  te  votes ut  de-  /Hovcdcn. 
 bes  ^  quoiUltidpnvilcfittini  tznoraris  -,  per  quod  onnitbi^s  -^"^-^-zof. 
 t?ijiijh  gravatis  factiltaspatet  nd  fedcm  ylpoJloUcam  ap- 
 pcllandi ,  cum  &  tu  ipfe  altqua?2do  ad  /lojlram  audicntt.im 
 appellaris  r,   and  a  little  after ,   7^c  atuhritatcm  nojham 
 attendis  ,  uec  f.xciam  iihi  gratiam  recognojcts ,  7icc  nppelLt- 
 tiombus  dejcrs    qux    interpofiuntur  nd  fcdem    Apojloli,- 
 cam  ^  &c.    And  about  thelaiiietimeS  Robert  Khhoioiz  Hovcden, 
 Thorr^cyy   dc^okdhs  Hubert  tlV  Archbifliop  ,  waslaid  yj'",^  ^^3*,, 
 in  prifon  a  year  and  half  wiihontany  regard  had  of  the 
 Appeal  by  him  made  to  the  Pope:  and  this  to  have  been 
 the  practice  during  King /i/r/74r^j  time,  the  continued 
 quarrells  of  Popes  for  not  admitting  men  to  appeal  un- 
 to them  doth  fully  adure  as. 
 
 S I  >^\.\t  Innocentius  ^""^  having  prevailed  againft  King 
 lohti ,  and  the  Clergy  great  inltruments  in  obtaining 
 (J\tag?ia  Chnrta  from  that  Prince,   either  in  favour  of 
 them ,   or  for  fome  other  rcafon ,  there  was  inferted , 
 ^  Liceat  untcuique  de  c^tero  extre  de  regno  ?ioJiro  &  redire  ^  j^ajrna 
 fdvodrfecure  per  terrarn  &  per  aquam  ,  falvafde  nojlra,  chamapui 
 ntji  in  tempore gucrr.^  per  aliquod breve tempiM  :  which  ^^^^;.^^"f 
 claufe  feems  likewife  to  have  been  in  xhdit  oi  Henry  Lovd\6^o' 
 the  3.  to  his  Fathers  »■  m  nullodif^imilts:  after  which  it  is  iMat.raris 
 fcarce  imaginable  how  every  petty  caufewasby  Appeals  pr.^3lj^ti. 
 removed  to  Rome ,  and  th'  Archbfliop  forced  to  appear 
 before  any  had  the  leaft  audority  from  thence. 
 
 The  Popes  themfelves  wife  men  faw  th'  inconve- 
 nience, that  thcfe  carriages  mud  end  either  in  rendring 
 tlV  Archbifliop  contemptible  ,  by  taking  all  powerout 
 of  his  hands ,  or  the  Realm  refume  its  ancient  right  , 
 and  prohibit  the  carrying  ought  beyond  Teas,  or  admit- 
 ting any  Legat  into  the  Kingdom  ;  thought  of  the  way 
 of  granting  fcverall  priviledges  totheArchbiflioprick  , 
 which  firfl  began  about  the  time  oi binoceuttus  the  2. 
 w  horn  others  followed. 
 
 34-  Gregory  \.]\Q,  ninth  therefore  moved  by  one  of 
 
 J  them 
 
34-         An Hijloric all  Vindication  Chap.  Ill 
 
 them  (which  fcems  to  be  St.  Edmund)  writes  thus  unto 
 VTnlUGiz-  Www  :  ^  It  cum  appclLtt  touts  remedium  non  nd  defcnfio- 
 ^^«o  Ms'^a"  nemmdign,i?itiHm  ,  Jed  ad  opprefforum  fubjidiu?njit  in- 
 intcramnx  njcntum,  yct  th'  Archbifhop  attempting  fometimes 
 zj.iumi ,  cxcejfus  corrtgcrefuhditorum^  qutdam  corumt  ut  ccrrcft^G- 
 ^  '  nem  ejfu giant  ^    appellationes  frujlratorias  iriterponunt  ^ 
 
 cj^Hibus  Ji  cite  pro  r ever entia    fedts  K^poJloliCi&  humi liter 
 defer  at  ur  J  tlUex  tmpunttate  deter'iorcs  effect  pejor  a  pr^- 
 fumunt ,  d"^  alii  eorum  exemplo  redduntur  ad  vitta promo- 
 res  ;  unde  humilitcr poJiuLijlis  ,  (3cc.  —  ut  providere  fuper 
 hxc  fulita  diligcniix  debercmus  :  ut  igitur  aucioritati  tua 
 Vi  reciis  difpofitiombif^  nihil  tali  pr^textu  deejfe  contm- 
 gat ,  fratermtaii  tux praferjt turn  aucloritate  concedrmus  , 
 ^TrivolaAp-  /// ,  non  ob ft  ante  ^  frivoU  appellationis  obje^fu^  libere  va- 
 pclUtio  qiicf    i^^^  i^  corrizendis  fubditorum  tuorum  cxcef^tbus  officii  tui 
 
 dicitHr,yidc  i  /  ■  j  jj 
 
 Lindwood      debitum  exercere . 
 
 <ap.i.-verbo  35.  .-.  And  for  that  his  Agents  here  in  their  citations  of 
 ^priiaM^  th^  Archbifliop  did  not  ufe  that  refpca  unto  him  which 
 {ci\.  quce  ^;ana  was  fit ,  but  2iS  Gervajtus  Dorohcrnen/is  obfervcs  of  one 
 CT-  mams—yel  of  them ,  ^  Le^att  privileiium  plufquam  deceret  extender et 
 
 qiundo  rtuHtc  r  r  1  r  '  r 
 
 tdufaeflex'  tn  immenjum  ^  Juu/nque  Archiepijcopuyn  (S*  Eptfcopos 
 preft.velnon  Anglia  Ut  Jibi occurrerent  quolibet  evocaret  ;  the  fame 
 euM^erxl^  Popc  did  therefore  declare  ,  that ,  cum  nimis  tndecens 
 yel  licet  fit  le-  videatur  ,  Ut  per  liter  as  ApoJloUcas  taato  *  iuo  nomine 
 ^n^^  'ul^'  ^^Z^^^^^^^  inter  priv  at  as  per  [on  as  Jl  are  judicto  comp  ell  arts  , 
 JAlfi,  Et  yide  nos  fr  at  emit  at  IS  tux  precibus  tndinati ,  aucloritate  tibi 
 iVii.  yerho  prafcntium  indulgemus  ^  ut  per  lit  eras  afede  Apojlolica  im- 
 .-.^rVitcrbo  p^tratas  qu^de  dignitate  tua  ?io?ifecerint  mentionem  re- 
 4.  mmih      Jpondere  minime  teneris  \   &c.    Dat.   Viterbii  4.  Non. 
 
 ic^/;.665>     ^^'^^^^^^  Pontif.  nono. 
 
 25.  36. .'.  Andbecaufeth'  Archbifliop  had  on  manyflight 
 
 *s»c  7V1S.      occafions  been  drawn  beyond  Teas ,    to  the  creat  im- 
 
 jcdle?endum  .^-,.  ,,_._  ',,         '  ^ 
 
 tu3E.  poveriiningth  Epifcopacy,  the  fame  Pope  two  months 
 
 .-.  ^tPctu-     after  writes  ,  Ea propter,  venerabilis  in  Chriftofrater,  tuts 
 
 \\\xvs\6Mm       r       1        ■       1         ■      1  r  ■  <-t      ■ 
 
 izx^,'  juppiicationibus  tnclinatt  ^  jraternitati  tux  aucioritate 
 
 prafentwm  indulgemus ,  utper  lit  eras  \^poJlolicas  extra 
 
 Angliam; 
 
Chap.  III.  ojthe  Chirch  o/England,        35 
 
 Angliam /;^^'//r^/  non^vdcAS conveniri ,  ni/ide i?id:ilge?}tU 
 hujufmodi  fecernit  e.c  liter  si  mentioncm ,  dut  ^cr  te  nliquod 
 faflt^m  fuertt  per  c^uod  fit  indulgentix  huic  dcrogattim. 
 D.ir.  Perujii  4.  Non.  yl/.r//,  Pontilicat.  nono. 
 
 Innoccntius  4.  ///  jiullus  fine  fpecixli  Apostolic  a  fedis  ^  \fpi^}^.^ 
 licentia ,  prxter  Le^ratos  ipfus  ah  ejus  latere  defliiiatos  ,  tn 
 perfonam  tuam  prijumat  exccmmuutcationis  fententiam 
 promtdgare.  Lugduni  15.  Kalcnd.  Or7^^.  Pontif.4. 
 
 3  7.  It  would  be  tedious  to  repeat  all  the  bulls  found 
 in  thcfaidold  MS.  and  other  books  fincc  1 130.  (for 
 before  it  lecms  there  was  none  in  this  kind  )  to  conlcrvc 
 fomc  power  in  tlV  Archbiflioprick,  yet  io  as  it  might 
 ever  depend  on  7?^/wr;and  how  much  the  Papacy  gained 
 by  thefe,  ev^ery  man  ^cqs. 
 
 I.  The  right  of  th' Archbiflioprick  was,  none  by  ap- 
 peal might  remove  any  Ecclefiaflick  caufe  from  his  judi- 
 catory :  the  Pope  grants ,  he  fhall  proceed  notlvith- 
 fl a-f I dtng  a  frivolous  Appeal. 
 
 II.  The  right  was  ,  he'^as  not  at  all  under  any  Legat :  See  before 
 the  grant  is  ,   he  Jhouldnot  be  tjedto  anf-^er ,  if  they  didnot  "'  ^ ''" 
 mention  his  dignity  intheir  citations. 
 
 III.  The  right  was ,  hefhould  not  be  dralvn  beyond  the 
 feas  (of  which  inthencxt:^  thegrantis,  hefhouldnot 
 be  compelled  to  go ,  unleffe  mention  "^ere  made  oft  hat  Bull, 
 
 IIII.    Thcqucftion  was,  i^hether  the  Pope  might  ex-  c^p.z.n.ij. 
 communicate  any  'within  the  Biocefe  of  Ca?iterbury  :  the 
 grant  is  ,  None  but  a  Legate  de  htcvc  fhou Id  th'  Arch- 
 bifloop. 
 
 Yet  certainly  Popes  did  what  they  well  could ,  retain- 
 ing to  thenifchxs that  vaft  power  they  then  pretended, 
 to  confervc  in  the  Archbiflioprick  fome  audority. 
 
 38.  But  the  frequent  citing  him  and  others  out  of 
 the  Realm,  and  the  carrying  their  cauics  to  7v^;;;^,    did 
 not  at  all  fatisfythefubjecljwheLXupon  the  body  ofihe     ^.«,/Mac; 
 Kingdome,  ^  in  their  querulous  letter  devifed  and  fcnt  p^ns/'cOj. 
 by  them  to  Innoceniius  4^"5-  1245  ,  (or  rather  to  the  j. 
 
 F  2  Coun- 
 
36       ^nHiBo  kail  Findicdtlon  Chap.III. 
 
 Councell  at  Ltons )  claim  as  an  efpcciall  privilcdge. 
 That  no  Lcgat  ought  to  come  here,  but  on  the  Kings 
 nXo/f,t:.isis  j^^f^-c  ,  n  cr  nc  quts  cxiYo.  YCQuum  trahatur  i?i  caufam- 
 i:x  copy  of  ^^"^^  ^^  ^^'^^  rc  vil.mg  ot  Magna  Chart  a  by  EaT^ard  the  nm , 
 t  is  icttti  in  the  former  claufc  was  left  out ,  (ince  when  none  of  the 
 wi!ich*"is  Clergy  might  go  beyond  leas  but  with  the  Kings  leave  , 
 found  in  o-  as  thc  ^  writs  in  theRcgifter,  and  the  P  Acts  ofParha- 
 thcr   MS.      nicnt  allure  US;   and  what  is  more,  if  any  were  in  the 
 
 COpiCSOfthc     ^  ^  1         Tr-  11       1     1  1 
 
 fame,  t^%  m  Couxt  oi  Rome  y  the  Kmg  called  them  5  home,  not  per- 
 onc  iry  mitringany  to  go  or  abide  there  longer  then  hispleafure. 
 fri/nd  xK  ^ct  I  do  not  fay  thefe  times  do  not  furnifli  examples  of 
 W'".  Dugdxie  Appeals  or  recourfc  thither,  or  receiving  commands 
 I'^^rffi ?'lr'^  ftom  thence:  I  know  the  contrary  :  but  it  wasonely 
 the  Book  it  betwccu  thofc ,  audinfuch  cafes,  astheKins;  f  holdins^ 
 \a  w"S'  good  corrcfpondency  with  the  Pope)  and  State  did  ci- 
 iC^croiim-  thertacitely  connive  at,  asm  matters  of  fmall moment, 
 •oitis  inne,  in  or  expreflclv  give  allowance  unto  ;  for  if  othcrwifc ,  no 
 fo]M7!Und  pcrfon  was  fo  great ,  but  he  was  forced  to  gain  his  par- 
 ought  to  be  don  for  the  offence.  To  which  purpofe  tlV  example  of 
 in  all:  form  ^|^^  "^  rich  Bifliop  o^WincheJlcr  may  not  be  unfitly  rc- 
 tiA  ^n^ii^  membred  ,  who  being  a  Cardinall  ofthe Kings  blood, 
 fent  to  the  xv^as  employed  by  CMartyn  the  5 ,  as  gcnerall  againft  the 
 i^'^^.^oiKis  Bohemians,  and  to  that  end  ereftcd  the  Croffe  1429. 
 9«o<i  j4n^ihi '  %,Hen.  6.  but  two  years  aftercaufeda  petition  to  be  ex- 
 I^r^JS-  h^tiited  in  Parliament,  ''That  hethe  faid  Cardinall  72or 
 riuie  Apofioli-  none  other  fioould  be  pourfued ,  vexed,  tmplededy  or  grieved 
 ca  tYAhnntur.  ^y  ^j^^  Ki72g ,  his  hejYes  orfuccej^ors ,  nor  by  any  other  per- 
 pd^.699, 1  o.  fon.for  caiffe  ofa?zj  Previfion.or  o-ffcrice,  or  mi^frifion  do  tie 
 0  Regift.  19;,  by  the  Jaid  Cardinall  againft  anyjlatute  of  Provtfions ,  or 
 pa  I-  ^^  f  er  caufe  of  any  exemption,  receipt^  acceptatio/i  ^admifion 
 fPari.  at  or  execution  of  any  Bulls  Papall  to  him  m  any  manner 
 Cambridge  rnade  :  Which  was  ^ranted  ,  and  fliewsthat  without  it 
 frtp.is.  a^'ud  ^"^c  ^"^^^  beenlyabletopunifliment  for  his  acceptingand 
 Henricuni      receiving  of  them.  And  here  it  is  not  unworthy  thcre- 
 
 Knighton 
 
 C0/.27  j4,4o.  5.Ric.2.f4/).  2.    5  Hen,  Knighton  (qI.  %6oi-,  44.  *^  Henry  leaiifQU.   r^t. 
 
 I'arl.  10.  Hen.  6,  n.  16. 
 
 membring 
 
2. 
 
 Chap-  III.   of  the  Church  ^England .       3  7 
 
 aicmbrini^,  that  this  was  the  full  Cardinall    England 
 ever  law  a  Privy  Councellor.     He  having  fomctimcs 
 foLight  that  dignity  in  Henry  the  5^*i>  time,   upon  the 
 news,  the  Arehbiiliop  oiCa?}t.  gave  the  King  notice 
 ofit  ,  i.n  a  letter  yet  extant  5   which  did  to  ariect  that 
 Prince >   as  he  was  fometimcs  heard  to  lay,  *  that  he  "f^-^^^  -o- 
 had  as  licvejet  his  crolvn  hcjide  him  ,  as  Jce  him  'Wear  a  Car-  j-u^^'  ^'^^^ 
 dmalshat.    But  he  being  foon  after   taken  avv^ay ,  and  piniiu  made 
 the  honour  conferr'd  on  this  Prelate  in /.v<^tf  1426.  by  ^Vj]"^  ^"^''" 
 (J^lariiu  the  5.     at  his  commgmto  £«^/4«^  ,tne  Lords  gainft  the 
 of  hisMa^i"  Councell  cauied  huii  to  make  a  Protcfta-  i"^»,^  Cardi- 
 tionfor  his  comportment  in  the  future;  and  the  8  ^^^  of  ^'^^pjct.p!:r 
 Hen.  the  6.  it  was  agreed  by  the  Lords  in  Parliament  ,  s.Hcn.  c. 
 he  fliould  be  on  the  Kings  part  required  to  attend  his  '^*  ^'^'^ 
 Magics   Counfelis  ,  fub  protejlattone  tar^ien  fnhfequente  , 
 qt4odquoiiens  aliqua  ,  materia  ,  cauf^  ,  'velfiegotia  iffum 
 Dommum  Rcgcm  aut   regna/^/^  dominia  iua  ex  parte 
 una  J  ac  fidem  K^poFhlicam  ex  parte  altera  cone ernentiA, 
 hujus  cone  tit  I  rcgiis  commmiica^jda  &  trachanda  fuert?tt  y 
 idem  Cardinalis  [e  ah  hujujmodi  co'nfilio  ahfentet  ^  C^  ^om- 
 mumcatiom  earunden'i  caufarum  ,   mat eri arum  ,  &  nego- 
 tiorum  non  inter  fit  quovis  modo ,    &c.  and  yet  his  former 
 engagement  made  to  the  Councell  to  be  firme  and  in- 
 violable.    Upon  which  thefaid  Cardinall  the   18.  of 
 December   8.^.6.  Ann.  1429.  after  his  thanks  to  the 
 King  and  Lords ,  and  his  admitting  the  faid  Protefta- 
 tions  tanquam  rationt  co7ifonas  ,  was  received  tor  one  of 
 the  Councell.  But  I  return  to  that  I  was  treating  of. 
 
 39.   The  truth  ofthis  barring  Appeals  is  foconftantly 
 averr'd  by  all  the  ancient  monuments  ofthis  Nation  ,  as 
 one  not  finding  how  to  deny  k  ,  falls  upon  another 
 way  ,  ^  that  if  the  right  of  Appeals  were  abrogated,  it  ^pi"{*f^  ^"^^^ 
 concludes  not  the  See  of  Rome  had  no  jurifdi^ion  over  EnoUnd  pa^, 
 this  Church  ,  except  one  fliould  be  fo  fenfeleffe  as  to  ^74. 
 imagine  the  Prefed  of  the  Prctorian  Court  were  not 
 fubject  to  th'Emperorsauclority,becaiifeit  was  not  law- 
 
 E  3  fuU 
 
dor.  lib.  6 
 
 58  AnHifiorical  VtndicMion  Chap.  III. 
 
 full  to  appeal  from  them,  according  to  the  Law  in  the 
 ff  de^ojfuio  t  DiiTefts.  To  which  I  anfwer,that  if  it  be  Gji'anted  (which 
 tor.ie^.  unica.  is  vcry  difputablc  j  thisLawis  tobeextendedtoth'Em- 
 ^V''^a^'o-  pcror,yet  it  proceeded  from  himfelf,  who  might  limit 
 his  own  power:  but  he  is  defircd  to  confider,  this  ca- 
 non of  Appeals  did  not  from  any  Pope;  for  the  y^/r^;^/ 
 did  ,  and  the  Church  of  Enfriind  doth  maintain  it  as  an 
 inherent  right  of  their  own ,  to  give  Laws  in  that  par- 
 ticular ,  and  ever  had  ftrong  contcfts  with  the  Papacy 
 about  it ,  which  held  it  an  honour  not  to  be  parted  with; 
 and  they  oppofing  him  in  it ,  mud  of  neceffity  have 
 held  that  fuperintendency  he  exercifed  over  them  not  to 
 hcjuredi'vinoy  for  then  no  man  could  have  exempted 
 himfelf  from  having  recourfe  imto  him.  In  France  there 
 are  feverall  Courts  of  Parliament  from  which  no  Ap- 
 peal lies  ,  who  receiving  that  priviledgc  from  the  King, 
 it  cannot  be  faid  to  be  in  diminution  of  his  Royalty  ,  be- 
 caufe  thatthey  have,  he  gave:  butifeverany  of  them 
 (hould  claim  this  as  of  their  own  right  ,  denying  the 
 King  tohaveat  any  timeapower  of  intermedling  with 
 them  ,  I  (hall  leave  the  objedor  to  draw  what  confe- 
 quence  he  will  from  it;  for  my  part  I  can  no  other ,  but 
 that  they  eftecmed  themfelves  very  little  his  fubjeds. 
 
 40.   The  reader  will  pardon  this  digrcfllon  ,  which  I 
 have  the  longer  flood  upon,   to  give  him  the  more  full 
 fatisfadion  how  Appeals  were  firft  brought  in,  and  how 
 purfued;   I  (hall  now  ,   in  what  manner  theLegat  and 
 *n'so^^°'^'^  Archbifnopprofecutcd  theirs:  who  being  "both  before 
 X  lohan.'Ha-  Lucius  the  2.11 44.  the  Bifliop  of  ll^tnchefler  was  *  dif- 
 guiftad.  cqX.    niifl  his  legatine  commifTion;  and  the  Pope  finding  with 
 J''^^'j/'    "  *  how  great  difficulty  the  Ecclefiaftick  affairs  of  this  King- 
 dome  could  be  managed  by  any  Legat  without  the 
 Archbifliop  oi  Canterbury  ^  thought  of  a  very  fubtile 
 invention  to  conferve  his  own  audoritv ,  and  not  have 
 any  croITing  with  that  Prelat,   which  was  to  create  him 
 and  his  fucceffors  LegaUnAti\  by  which  ^fuch  things 
 
 as 
 
Chap. III.    ojthc  f/?//;T/:^o/" England-       39 
 
 as  he  did  before  ,  and  had  ataccofentcrfceriiig  with  the 
 Papal  plenitude,  and  were  not  lb  ealy  to  devell  th'  Arch- 
 bilhop  of  cxerciling  ,   he  might  be  faid  to  do  by  a  Le- 
 gatine  power :  of  which  it  was  not  long  before  the  Pope 
 made  ule  ,  as  is  to  be  fcen  in  his  J  Dccrctalls-,    where  yDecffuio 
 i^lcxander  the  3 .  reiolvcs  he  could  not  heary//rr^/>^/r^-  Legmc.io.i. 
 -politico  matters  Epitcopall  that  came  not  unto  him^^r 
 appclUtionefn  ,  (that  is  in  a  legall  way)  hvx'i  jure  Lega- 
 tioiiis  he  might  fuch  as  were  brought  unto  him  onely 
 per  qtixrimonum  :   an  invention  ^  often  practic't  after-  zT/Vt-  to- 
 ward ,   and  hjo-hlv  advanta<2;ious  to  the  Court  oiiiome  ^  ^^^^j^;_^ff >;;'•« 
 
 hCQlt],    Gnui- 
 
 as  what  made  Bifliops  but  his  Deputies.  un.^'tg.  9,s. 
 
 41.   Thz^^s^ntioi^Hitatc's  Britanmca  Ecclef.   and  from  concii.  Tn- 
 him  ^  Harps  field,  fpeak  as  if  this  honour  were  firft  be-  J!^  f.'^ 
 flowed  on  Theob.xld-^  which  itfeems  to  me  could  not  nnUnsaiusiQ. 
 be,  till  the  takino;  it  away  kon\Winche/ler  by  Lucius  ^'t'  t-u 
 
 I  r         I  \        r  r  aJ;zTneo- 
 
 the  3 .  after  the  death  01  Innocent nis  z.  ^  Dice/onycSy  C^-  baido;).  115, 
 lejlmusi.  (about  fomc  ten  years  after  Z/^^///j;  bellowed  4-.e^ir.i57-- 
 on  Hubert  plcmtudtnem pot ejtatis t"n  ojju  10  Legatio?us  fa-  p.  ,,?;  ,, 
 atidit^rrt  h/eculis.  I  confeffe  I  do  not  well  underfland  in  c  Ann.  1 195. 
 whatitdid  confill ,  that  had  not  been  formerly  heard  of ,  ^^^-^79,7. 
 to  whom  the  Pope  had  committed^  Vices Jiias  in  Anglia  ^Gcr.Doro- 
 &  Scotia-^  but  itfuUy  proves  that  power  derived  from  ^"^"3*  ^^* 
 .'.i^^w^was  then  looked  on  as  a  thing  newly  crept  in. But  .-.ThcBifhop 
 whofoever  did  firft  confer  it,  the  matter  is  not  great ;  ^!^^^i^l^^' 
 certain  it  is ,  by  it  the  Papall  auclority  was  not  a  little  in  the  i .  acqui- 
 time  increas't,   there  being  none  of  the  Clergy  almoft  ^^^  ^^'"^  ^^^^ 
 to queftion  ought  came  from  Rome,  the  Archbifliop,  -Dor^hern. 
 on  whom  the  reft  depended ,   himfelf  operating  but  as  col.  1565,46. 
 a  Delegate  from  thence.  f"^^^,^/^"g 
 
 ~  _  niiiucir   ex- 
 
 42.  To  whichpurpoleitmay  not  unhtly  beobferved,  poftuiate^ia 
 that  when  the  Papacy  did  firft  attempt  the  exempting  Hovf^^^with 
 feme  great  monafteriesfrom  thejurifdiclion  of  their  Or-  ^ 'JJ/J  t^atk 
 dmary ,   it  was  *"  falv a  primal ts  revcrentu  ,  or,  as  Malmf-  cuit  1 500. 
 
 marks,   //fl- 
 Vft/.  ^««.  II 90.  cof.  3  So.  b.  14.  So  that  the  Court  of  Rome  knew  how  to  turn  this ,  not- 
 wiihftaading  aiJ  oppofitign)  to  its  n©  fmall  ad  vantage,  f  Eadmci.^2;  3  +,  Malmsji  137.3.5^ 
 
 bury 
 
40  An  Hijloricall  Fmdicdtion     Chap.  II I . 
 
 li:*ry  explains  it,  ^^rch'tcpifcopl t.mtum nutum  inlegiti- 
 
 mis  fpe^Aturtis.  But  however  thus  carefully  penned  not 
 
 to  thwart  with  th'  Archbifliop  ,  being  brought  hither 
 
 was  taken  away  by  X.v;;/;^-^;^^',  not  permitted  to  be  made 
 
 ufcof ,  the  Abbot  findinjr  no  other  way  to  rcG;ain  it 
 
 And.  iin.:7.     ^^^^  ^  multorumprcccs,  \  et  afterward  the  Pope  without 
 
 fcruple  exempted  them  not  onely  from  their  Diocefan  , 
 
 but  even  fuch  as  were  under  th'  Archbifliops  nofe ,  with 
 
 all  pertaining  to  them  ,  were  taken  out  of  his  own  jurif- 
 
 dicliOH;  and  he  who  at  firftpreferved  others  rights,  had 
 
 \w{li\tz-    ^'"^ofe  houfes  now  at  an  §  cafy  rate  removed  from  his 
 
 f//?.  t%,         own.  A  fact  of  infinite  advantage  to  the  Papacy, by  which 
 
 it  hadperfons  of  learning  in  all  parts,    who  depending 
 
 wholy  on  it,  defended  what  was  done  to  be  by  one  had 
 
 A  Eadmet.      a  power  of  doing  it ;  and  he  who  at  firft  did  folely  ^  agere 
 
 f  G.  Dorot.    '^^^^•^  ApofloUcas  tn  Anglia ,  Was '  under  no  Legat ,  per- 
 
 "/.  1^(53, 55.  mittednoBul  from7^i?;j7^to  bemade  witoi'iwEngLmd, 
 
 but  by  his  approbation ,  was  fo  far  now  from  taking 
 
 L^at  ^-z^     them  away  from  the  bearers ,  as  ^  private  Clerks  by  de- 
 
 jp«^  *Gu-     putation  from  thence  did  fit  his  fuperiors  in  determining 
 
 JicJm.Thorn,  differences  between  him,  and  others  who  byftrength 
 
 "  '^'^'^''  '■    were  taken  from  his  jurifdiftion. 
 
 43.  After  which,  Popes  having  gained  an  entrance, 
 found  means  to  reduce  the  grant  of  Z^{7<;t//^j  natu$  to  no 
 
 more  then  flood  with  their  own  liking,  by  inventing  a 
 :Lel!lil^ap  ^^^  ^^^^  ^f  Legat  ftyled  Legdtus  a  latere  ( ^  by  reafon  of 
 Giojj'.adyn-  his  ncat  dependance  on  the  Popes  perfon  J  who  em- 
 hum  Com-  ployed  in  matters  of  concernment ,  at  his  being  here  the 
 mF/WeGcr.  powcr  of  the  formcr  flept  :*«  which  diftindion  of  Le- 
 Dorobern.  g^ts  fceiiis  to  me  to  havc  had  its  birth  after  1 1  go.  firft 
 €qu\Vi,l<  applyedby  any  of  our  writers  to  ^'^  lohanncs  Anagnitrus 
 O' 1555,8-  *  Cardtnalts  \i%9. by Hoveden-y  which ftyle  yet «  others 
 wHoveden,  who then  livcd  do  not civc him.  Ofthis  Lc2;atitisthat 
 M377.a.io.  P  Henry  Chi ch ley  in  :i\cttci: ,  yet  extant  under  his  own 
 oDiccto  col,  hand,  wrote  to  Hemy  the  5.  that  Be  infvecfionofLal^es 
 
 649>42. 
 
 Get.  Dorob,  p  Huhetur  in  v//<*Hcnrici  Chichlcy  «^  Aitfauro  Duck  editd.j6iy,. 
 
 a?id 
 
Chap.IIL   ophe  Church  19/" England,    41 
 
 And  chronicles  Ti^as  there  never  no  Legal  a  IditQicc/ent  tn 
 to  no  londy  and  fpecially  into  your  rengme  of  Tngitnd^ 
 l»itoHte  great  and  not  Me  caufe.  And  the  t  Hfhan  thei  camCy 
 after  thei  had  done  her  legacte  abiden  but  Ittul  Ipjle ,  not 
 over  a  jer ,  andfumme  a  quarter  or  ij,  mo?:thes  as  the  nedes 
 requeryd:  K^-ad yet  over  th.xt  heTv.u  tretydlPtth  or  he  cam 
 m  to  the  lond ,  l^phon  hefchold  have  exerctfe  of  his  polpcr 
 and  holp  mychefchold  bee  put  in  execution  :  K^n  avcnture 
 after  hee  had  bee  refcyvedhee  '^holdhave  ufeditto  largely 
 to  greet  opfrefion  ofyour  peple::\s  indeed  if  he  ftaycd  long, 
 he  fometimes  gained  the  cenfure  of  being  t^occultustm-  ^Mi*ari« 
 micu5r€gni\  butthis  was  not  till  the  Popes  had  brought  pi"Yi4^^. 
 th'  Archbifhops  much  under,  by  laying  a  neceifity  on 
 them  of  receiving  the  Pall  from  y?^;j^^  ,  and  at  the  taking 
 of  it  of  making  profeflion  de  fide  lit  ate  &  canomcaohe' 
 dienttajthsLt  is, had  obliged  them  by  Oath  to  defend  rega- 
 lia Sanfli  Petri.  Of  which,  becaufe  I  find  th'  introducing 
 (  not  much  touched  by  our  writers)  a  great  means  to  ad- 
 vance thisforraign  power,  it  will  not  be  amide  to  fay 
 fomewhat;  and  firft  of  the  Pall. 
 
 44.   The  Pallium  (from  whence  our  Englifh  word 
 Pall)  was  a  garment  with  which  the  Profeflbrs  of  Arts , 
 as  Grammar,  Rhetorick  ,  CMufick ,  might cloaththem- 
 felves  (asitfeems  tome  by  ^  Tertullianthzy  did);  yet  r  vt paIUb 
 was  held  moft  proper  for  fuch  as  profcffed  Philoibphy :  f'»?-  <5. 
 And   therefore  when  a  ^  begging  fellow  came  to  a  /Aui.Gelliui 
 noble  Roman  palliatus  &  crinitus ,    being  asked  what  JSioff.^ttic. 
 he  was ,   the  man  half  angry  replyedhe  wasaPhilofo-  ^^^■^'  "^•-* 
 pher ,    d^  mirari  cur  qu^rendum  putaffct  quod  videret : 
 to whichthe Gentleman  returned,  Barbam  &  Pallium, 
 Philofophum  nondum  video.   From  whence  I  gather,  it 
 was  for  the  moft  peculiar  to  them.  So  ^Eufebiusihzwcs  J^u^^b. -ff^jt. 
 on  Her aclas  t  f'^'^r''P('V^'<'->^*^df^:/u%ta(:ing  (heh.ibit  ofaphilo-  Q^ck 
 fopher  ,  notwithftanding  his  being  a  Chriftian,  retained 
 it  :and//^.S.  cap.z  \ .  at  the  martyrdom  of  Porphyrins  a 
 difciple  ofP4;^y)/;//«/,hcdcrcribcs  that  <?/\«Vi<?if9^^.xto  be 
 
 G  aHiort 
 
.^2-        (i^fnHijioricAll Vindication  Chap.IIL 
 
 a   fliort    cloak    or   Pall   covering   the    fhoulders. 
 45.  But  it  feems  tiie  primitive  Chriftians  in  wearing. 
 
 of  it  did  attribute  fome  Snnclity  to  the  garment ;  for 
 rtTertul.  it  a  grandepdlUi  hcneficium  ejl  ( faith  Tcrtnllian  )  fuh  cujus 
 la.lioctp.G.  ^^^^griiafu  tmpii  mores  vet  eruhef cunt  \  whereupon  the 
 X  fowfi/. Cx-;-  X  Cqui^qcU  oiGdnqja  ,  not  an  100.  years  after,   pro- 
 
 frenje  circa,  *->  ,  rji  w  /^r' 
 
 r^n«  350.  nounccdhim  {^^awer^^mcdtnQ P/ill/»mquaJ^ per  hoc 
 fun.  1 1.  h.ibere  fejujlitiam  credens,  &c.  Now  from  the  danger  of 
 
 fupcrrtition  of  the  one  fide,  and  the  being   efpecially 
 worneby  Philofophers  otthc  other,  I  am  apt  to  think 
 it  became  in  the  end  proper  onely  to  fome  Bifliops ,  who 
 might  challenge  it  as  learned  Philofophers ,  yet  not  at  all 
 likely  to  attribute  more  to  the  Robe  then  reafonablej 
 and  in  time ,  either  by  collation  of  Emperors ,  or  other- 
 wife,  appropriated  to  fome  particular  Churches,  who 
 having  that  mark ,  were  after  the  feats  of  Archbifhops 
 ^/^"^-T/?^-  fo^^^^^^'^oft  part.  Por  though  y  Alcutmsbo,  of  opinion 
 fidtfcmioin-'  the  Pall  is  nothing  but  a  diilinftion  between  an  Arch- 
 ter  Arcbiepi-  bifliop  and  his  fuffragancs :  yet ,  under  favour,!  conceive 
 /fopMw  ^      that  muft  be  taken  of  th'  acception  of  the  word  in  the 
 «m.  Aicui-    time  he  lived  5  notas  ufed  in  St.  Cr^^^rw  dayes ,  who 
 niisdeDiyinis  g^^^^  ^  K^ugufltne  at  thebeflowing  the  Pall  upon  him 
 
 quu}ign?fcm  thetitleofArchbifhopnomorethenhe  doth^Syagrui^ 
 •peflimenta,  B'lfhop  of (^u/luf^  In  Eurgundj ',  which  Town  ,  not- 
 Itfm^^Epifi.  withftanding  that  guift  by  St.  Gregory ^  was  never  reputed 
 M-  to  have  other  then  an  Epifcopall  chair,  and  fuffraganto 
 
 ^C3reg./i^.7.   the  Aichbifhop  of  Zi(?;?i  to  this  day.  So  that  certainly, at 
 firft,  all  that  had  the  Pall  were  not  ^^  nomine  Arch- 
 bifhops ,  to  whom  it  became  efpecially  proper  after  the 
 Emperor  relinquiflit  it  to  the  Popes  difpoling,  who  at 
 firft  no  queftionhad  agood  partinthe  conferring  of  it 
 himfclf. 
 AubeusH//?.      4^-  The  deed  is  yet  extant  by  which /^^/^^;//;^/;f;^ber 
 l^^a^ennx .      ftowcd  it  On  the  Church  oiRavenna.^k^owi  the  year  43  o. 
 iidiA^cM,    J  know ^ fome,  whofindnothow  todeny  it,  hold  this 
 o?r5  52.        an  honourable  veftmcm  ,  fuch  as  Emperors  them- 
 
 fdves 
 
Chap*  III.   of  the  Church  ^^/^nglalid.        43 
 
 fclvcsworc;   wliicli  opinion  ^^.tr^;///^  juftly  confutes,  ctos.Ann. 
 and  i-athcr  thinks  it  forged  :  ycthc,  ^  citing  out  of  ^^Z/-  Jg^ron^t*'.?. 
 heratus  y  that  ^//;//7^^//;//i"cxpcird  the  Church  of  Con-  Ann.^ia. 
 ftantinoplc,  Palltumquod habuit ^tmperatoribusrcddidity  ^  J/  /V  Ll- 
 &dtfcejpty  gives  no  gloffe  how  he  could  return  to  the  bcrat.fijp.  n. 
 Emperor  his  Pall  and  depart,  if  he  had  nothing  to  do  t9.z.c9Hiii. 
 with  it  ;  and  it  is  manifeft ,  in  Gregory  the  greats  dayes , 
 that  Church  did  not  onely  prcfcribcfor  the  ufc  of  the 
 Pall ,  but  for  doing  it  contrary  to  the  will  and  opinion  of 
 that  Father.    And  the  fame  Dodorelfewhere^ faith, he  ,^'  '^'  ^^'^' 
 had  dealt  apud  piifimos  dominos ,  the  Emperors ,  to  (end 
 \\\\wAnafiafii4s,conceJfo  ufuPallii:   and  afterward  being 
 defired  by  Brunichilda  to  grant  i  t  to  Syagrius ,  ( of  w  horn 
 before)  heflicws  hisrcadinelTe,  z  propter quod& fere-  gCtcg.Ub.i. 
 mf^imi  Domini  Imperatoris  prona  voluntas e^ ^& concedt  %  ^  '  ^ 
 hdtc  omnino  dejiderat.  So  that  certainly,  at  the  beginning , 
 if  Princes  did  not  beftow  it ,  yet  it  vas  not  done  againll 
 their  wills ;  which  after-times  did  in  Europe  folely  appro- 
 priate to  the  Pope  ;  who  yet  gave  it  not  againft  their  li- 
 kinc;:  as  *Luciusx.hc  -.fendingitto theBifhopof  ^/;^-  *Dicetd 
 chejier  y  whoyetncvermade  ufe  ofit ,  teachethus.         co/.  $08. 
 
 47.  But  what  this  Pall  iniported  ,   or  what  the  re- 
 ceiver had  ofadvantagebyit ,  writers  I  think  do  notal- 
 wayes  agree.  ^  Ijldorus  PeluJIota^  who  writ  about  the  hiiiKT.  b- 
 year  43  o,  is  of  opinion  ,  the  Blfhop,  as  a  type  of  Chrijl,  ^/^*on.  \tl. 
 wears  that  cloak  of  wool,  to  (hew  himfelf  imitator  of  ^nn.  216. 
 the  i^reat  fhepheard  that  will  bear  the  ftrayed  fliecpon  "i^ctto.  7. 
 nis moulders.  ^  St.  Gregory  fayes,  it  fignines  humility,  i  Ltb.y.E^ijf. 
 juftice,&c.  I  have  fhew'd  before  ///^«/««i- his  opinion  of  129. indtc.  z, 
 it.  Butwhatfoeverfignificationitwasatfirft  thought  to 
 carry ,  certainly ,  the  necefilty  of  fetching  it  from  Ro?ne 
 was  not  fo  urgent ,  as  inthcfe  later  the  Papall  intcreft 
 made  it  cfteemed.    Wc  do  not  read  that  ^\q.x.  Lauren-  i^jtitj^cjmlr. 
 tiusor  CMelUtus  received  thence  the  Pall;  yet  no  man  itb.z.cap.i. 
 doubtsof  their  being  as  lawfuU  Arch bifh ops  as  ^.^z^^"^^-  Hovcdy4«». 
 jrt^^e  was.  ^  Giraldus  Camhrenfis  and Hoveden  agree  ,  the  b. 
 
 G  2  Bifliops 
 
^ji^        AiiHiJloricall  Findication  Chap.lIL 
 
 Biflicps  oi St.D/ivids'mWales  A\di  ufethe  Pall,  till ^T^;?;- 
 (on^  about  the  time  of  the  ^^^v^/^y,  flying  from  an  in- 
 fection, cari-yed  it  with  him;   yet  neither  of  them  report 
 him  to  have  fetch't  it  from  Rome :  nor  after  the  wantins; 
 it,  did  the  reft  oftheBifhops  there  either  refufehis  con- 
 fecration ,  deny  obedience  to  the  See ,  or  make  profef- 
 lion  to  any  other,  before //^;/r)'  the  firft  induced  them  by 
 force.  But  to  come  to  the  Saxons  :  after  Paulinus,  there 
 i.Thom.        arc  five  in  the  Catalogue  of  Terk  expreffely  ^faid  to 
 ll"  Jnhiepi'  have  wanted  it,  (amongft  which  Wilfred,  that  ^  ruled  all 
 fcop.Ehor.  coL  the  North  as  his  Biflioprick)  yet  are  reputed  both  Arch- 
 ^^o^'j  ^ii .   bifliops  and  Saints:   and  of  others  in  that  feries  it  will 
 tap.  20.  Vide  notbeeafy  to  prove  they  ever  ufed  It.   L^/^^r/«j  thes. 
 lib.^.  cap.  1 2.  Bifhop  about  76  7.  had  it  not  till  the  feventh  year »  accept i 
 «cIm/H/>i/?.'    Epifeopatus :  nor  ®  K^dilbaUus  or  Ethelhaldus  the  i  m^, 
 dd  Hiigonem     A?mo  S  9  5 .  till  thc  fourth  year  pofiquam  acceperat  Epifco- 
 TSvxhs^^l.  P^^^^^'  ^^  undoubted  argument  that  C^inonoi  Fetagn^^ 
 1697, 15'.       recorded  both  by  P  Ivo  and  ^  Gratian  ,  that  no  Metro- 
 eJindcoi,79f  politaue  fliould  defer  above  three  months  fending  for 
 35*98,57.       it  to  Rome,  was  never  received  in  this  Church.    ^  Gre- 
 pPdrt.  s.wwt  ^^rj  the  great  fayes ,  it  ought  not  to  be  glwcn^mjjfoy^ifer 
 o'vifl.  100.    poJluUnti :  and  the  fame  ^  Father  with  a  Councell  at 
 f^p.r .  Rome  K^nno  595.  decreed ,  pro  pallto  omnino  aliqmd  dare 
 
 iLib.j.nptn.  pf^oi^iy^o.  So  that  in  thofe  times  the  one  fide  perhaps  did 
 iLih.^.'Efifi.  not  much  urge  the  taking  of  it,  nor  the  other  greatly 
 44*i»<i»»5-    feek  after  a  thing  brought  fmall  advantage  ,  and  wasfo 
 fartobefetch't. 
 
 Wi°mn^Vct  ^'^'  ^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^  Court  oi Rome  began  to  raifctoic 
 595.  c^in-  felf  a  revenuefrom  other  Churches,  this  Pallium,  that 
 guiph./o/.  was  no  otherthen  a  diftinclive  ornament,  not  to  be 
 Maims,/.4i.  payed  for, began  to  befetat  foimmenfearatc,  that'  Ca- 
 b.  J 9.  nutm ?jo'm%\,o Rome  \oi  i.didmediate  with /(?/?;? the  1 9. 
 
 J^,W.J  that  it  mii^ht  be  more  ea(y  to  his  prelats ;  in  which 
 Eadmcr.  p4j.  though  hc  had  a  favourable  anfwer,yet  in  He^.  the  i.  his 
 ^\{°  r  -i  ^^^"^  ^^  ^^^^  ^^  much ,  th'  Archbifhop  of  Tork  could  not 
 m-^j^i^*    paythemoney,  without  an  "heavy  debt.  '^C^tat.  Paris 
 
 doth 
 
Chap.  III.  of  the  Church  ^/England.       45 
 
 doth  intimate  as  I'iWdter  Gray ,   tranflatcdfrom  Wor- 
 ccjler  to  that  Sec  1215,  had  not  his  Pall  at  icllc  then  ten 
 thoiifand  pounds :  acceptopa/lio  (faith  he)  Epifcopus  7ne- 
 mor.tttis  rcditt  in  K^ngliam ,  oblig:itus  /;/  cum  Ro??un^ 
 de  decemmillihus  lihrarum  cjiirli/igornm-^   which  was  a- 
 bout  the  (liver  of  30000^.  now,  Coin  being  then  after 
 therateof  zo"^.  the  ounce.  But  after  times,  according  to 
 the  Bi/liop  y  oiLandafc,  reduced  it  to  the  certainty,  ^^V'^-'^H^' . 
 that  each  Bi/liop  payed  5000.  duckets  for  it,  everyone  ^rchiepijc. 
 of  the  value  of4^  6^.  our  money :   which  yet  I  do  not  ^^^^  <''»«'- 
 fee  how  to  make  agree  with  the  '^K^nt'tc^mt.Brit.EC'  l^jZL^rri- 
 clefut ,  that  fpeakes  onely  of  900.  aureos  ducatos  payed  t-tn,  Lond. 
 by  Cranmer.  rj^M^^-j^. 
 
 49.  Butto  omitthegam  camebythegarment;  that  p.:^ 327, 48.. 
 certainly  was  a  means  of  drawing  a  great  obligation 
 from  all  Archbi/hops  to  the  Papacy:  for  about  1002.  a 
 new  oath  de  fide  In  ate  &  canonicaobedientia^2iS  devifed, 
 to  be  tender'd  every  Archbifliop  at  the  reception  of  it. 
 For  the  more  full  underftanding  of  which,  we  are  to 
 know ,  VViUiam  the  firft ,  after  he  had  fettled  the  King- 
 dome  in  quiet,  wholy  pofleft  ofit,  would  not  in  any 
 *kind  acknowledge  a  farther  obedience  toi?(?;»^  then  his  ^^'"'^^  Baron., 
 predeceflbrshad;  but  maintained  the  rights  of  the  King-  io/kw.Ti 
 dome  in  every  thing ,  againft  the  liking  of  that  Court  2<;.c^  inter 
 in  many  particulars,  barring  all  men  for  taking  any  for  £pV^"" 
 Pope,  but   whom  he  defigned  5  infomuch  as  after  5©4. 
 h Gregory  the  7.  1084.  till  109 5. about  11.  years,  there  ^Ea^"icr. 
 was  no  Pope  acknowledged  in  E7igLind'^  denying  any  ;Sf  Lanfh'a- 
 to  receive  letteis  from  thence,  but  acquainting  him  ci  £/>///,  59. 
 with  them ,  and  many  more;   of  which  el(c  where  :  all  ^T"'^'/^^^* 
 which  being  excrcifcd  by  him  ,  were  never  queftioncd  Undo, 
 during  his  time,  nor  while  Z.t/vyr^^/;^  lived  after  him, 
 (though  he  hath  been  ever  reputed  an  holy  man.)  But 
 K^nfcime  fucceeding  in  his  feat,  great  contentions  arofe 
 between  him  and  VVtUiam  thefecond :  The^King  with  ^E^'^^^fr* 
 tkc  Nobility prcfllng him,  as  the  ufage  oftheRealmc,  p^f/W^*^^' 
 
 G  3  not 
 
ci  Ihid. 
 52. 
 
 +6     ^AnHiFioricall  Findication  Chap.lIL 
 
 not  to  depend  on  i?(?w<?  as  ofneceffity :  he,  on  the  other 
 p  4~>5-  fide  ,  ^  declaring  all  fuch  cuftomes  to  be  contrar)^  to 
 Divinity,  right,  <5cC.  chofe  rather  to  live  an  exile  all  that 
 Kings  time  ,  then  any  way  fubmit  to  thofe cuftomes, 
 had  been  pradis't ,  never  difputed  or  queftioned  by  any 
 Archbifliop  here  before. 
 
 50.  But,  that  Pruice  being  foon  after  taken  away  , 
 
 and  Pafchdlis  the  2.  fucceeding  almoft  at  the  fame 
 
 time,  (confidering,  asitfeems,  by  what  weak  bands 
 
 forraign  Bifhops  were  tyed  to  the  Papacy  ,  how  eafy 
 
 f  LanhAnc.     jt  was  for  thom  to  fall  from  it ;  that  ^  Gregory  the  7^^-  was 
 
 .05  coU.      ^^^^  fatisfied  even  with  Lanfranks  carriage  in  Epifcopali 
 
 honore  fofitus  y  who  reftrained  his  obedience  to  cano- 
 
 num  prscepta-j  that  x^nfelme  alone  had  oppofed  the 
 
 whole  body  of  theKingdome;  that  every  Prelat  might 
 
 be  neither  of  his  temper  or  opinions , )  framed  an  oath , 
 
 f  fo/.663, 5.   ^Q_  cfFed  of  which  you  may  fee  in  Diceto  ^  Ann.  1 1 9 1 . 
 
 volJ''r'^^rci'7ii  ^  ^^"^  ^^MAt,  Paris  and  others,  the  "^  full  which  every  Arch- 
 
 the  lives  of   bifhop  at  the  reception  of  the  Pall  wasto  render.  Atthe 
 
 the  Abbots   teudringthis,  one  m  Sicily  made  a  fcruplc  of  taking  it, 
 
 regnUm ,  and  ^s  that  7S(jc  dh  K^poJloUs  pojl  Dominum  ,   ncc  in  conciliis 
 
 in  hU  Hift.     inveniripoj^ejiatutum  \  the  like  did  fome^  in  Poloma :  to 
 
 rr^lf/l'/both  whomthc  Popeanfwers,asincap>y^;^//?<:^;,  objur- 
 
 ihould  be      gatorily ,  quafi  Romans  Ecclejix  legem  conciliaulla  pr/t- 
 
 ^^io-^^^>\^}^^  fxerint.    Andcoing  on  withthe  dcfigne ,   whereas  at 
 
 we  iind  It  at  "^  c        o  o       > 
 
 the  end  of  thc  aCTuming  of  this  Pall  by  K^nfelme  1095.it  was  no 
 thcCounccll  otherwife  then  thus  ,  »  Pallium  fuperaltare  delatum  ab 
 
 of  Vienna,  ^   ri  rr  n  i  i 
 
 10.4.  cQfiQil.  ^<^nJelmo  njjumptumejr  y  atque  ab  omnibus  pro  r  ever  en- 
 gen.  Koma  tia  SanUi  Petri fuppliciter  deofculatum,  &c.  at  the  taking 
 16?!  a^cc-  ^^  ^^  ^y  Raulfi  115.  his  immediate  fucceffor ,  we  find  it 
 ing  with  an  with  this  addition  ,  ^Sicque  delatum  fuper  i^ltare  fal- 
 ^l^  ^^^7  ?^  "vat  or  is  pallium  ejl  y   &  a  Pontifice  inde  fufceptum ,  fafta 
 
 havcfecn  in  th*  Exchequer  ,  which  the  Decretalls^^/«re  j«)'4»io  cdf,  4.  read  thus:  Pa- 
 fatum  'Koman<e  Ecclejia  c^  reguUi  SanHomm  VAtrum  adjtuor  ert ,  &c.  but  Ordericus  B^jmal" 
 dusto.ii'.y4nn.izii.  n.6<)^  citingout  of  the  records  in  the  K4//fd»  the  oathSr.  Edmund 
 ArchbilhopofC4«/rr^«r>  took,  reads  it  rightly  yf^(i/»4.  ^  Baron,  ro,  iz.^««,  1102.  w.6, 
 7, 1,    h  De  eleHione  C^  ek^tpoteftate  ca^,  4,  i  Eadmci.  f  .34>  3  3 .  k  Eadaicr.  p.  113,  45* 
 
 prius 
 
Chap.  Ill,   of  the  Church  of  Y.n<^:[n±       ^7 
 
 prius  dc  fiJclitatc  &  canonica  obedicntia  profcfilone. 
 Vct'ide  pro  reverentia  benti  Petri  ab  ommhtis  dcofcuU- 
 tur  ^   6cc.     Which  prot'clUon  bcinu  never  met  with  as 
 made  by  aiiyArchbifliopofC^w/.  before,  but  frequently 
 alter  by  fuch  as  were  his  near  fucceflbrs ,  as  ^  Tho.  Beckett  ^  f^^^^^^^' 
 B.ildiprae ,  (5<:c.  wc  niuft  conclude  him  to  have  been  the  Dorobcr.  col. 
 firft  from  whom  it  hath  ever  been  required. 1  know.-.z;r/-  »507-  2- 
 Lirmtne  interprets  a  Bifliops  returninf^  out  of  fchifmc  -'^^^  fi**' 
 602.  and  voluntarily  by  oathpromiung  tolivein  com-  fjp.ii.§.jM' 
 munion  with  the  Pope,  to  be  a  fwearing  of  obedience  ramcmum, 
 to  that  chair :  but  certain  there  is  a  ditference  between 
 obeying  and  living  in  communion  5  (ofwhichfee^^/>.7. 
 r^.^.)  between  an  oath  inforced,  and  one  voluntarily 
 taken.  After  this ,  as  wayes  to  augment  the  Court,  ma- 
 ny priviledf^es  were  annexed  to  it;   "^  as  that  none  be-  ^p^Elec^.a^ 
 tore  his  receivmg  that  ornament  might  ^c7;^T'^f^/^r^;/«-  ^p.zs.^.z, 
 cells,  makeChrifme  i  dedicate  Churches  ^  ordain  Clerks  ^  '^v>•/'opraEtc- 
 confecrate  Bijhops,  that  being  "  Vonttfcalts  officii plenttu-  ^^^^  ^^^^^ 
 do y  till  he  had  it,   none  to  be  ftyled  an  Archbi/hopj  zs^ u[u  FaHU 
 things  added  after  mens  holding  a  necelTity  of  feeking  ^^?}*  ^"'• 
 it  ,  did  fo  much  contribute  to  the  Papall  advantage,  unenfefubin^ 
 both  in  point  of  honour  and  profit.    For  it  is  manifeft ,  nocenm  5°. 
 Lanfrank ^k^nfelme  and  Raulfdid  dedicate  ^  Churches,  g'^Ea^dmer. 
 P  confecrate  Bifhops  and  Abbots ,  were  called  ^  Arch-  z^^.  22, 19. 
 biiliops  ,  whilft  they  wanted  it.  ^i^f^^'^' 
 
 51.  Now  the  ice  broken,  this  Oath  (at  firft  required  ^ugfiV^cl  ' 
 onelyofAcchbiflibps  when  they  took  the  Pall)  was  by  ^^^\2. 
 'Gregory  the  9,  mutatis  mutandis  jimpofed  on  Abbots  ^^  ^Vr^Ir, 
 and  Bifliops.  About  1235.  came  into  England  ^occulta  3  2.  e?-  pafiim 
 claufa  fub  bulla  y  the  Mike  to  which  had  not  been  feen,  '*^"'^  ^»y?or;-- 
 wasproferedto/o/?;^  23  .Abbotof  ^/.y^/^4;?i  unacquaiii-  x  Be  jurejH-i 
 ted  with  it ,  when  he  could  not "  ab  ilia  obltzatione  rcCi-  "^"^^^^  "^  -♦• 
 
 7     TMat  Paris 
 
 iire\  who  is  therefore  noted,  thut^ prmio  invitus  &  y-^    '^ibat. 
 dolens  Rorfianorumjugumfubittfervitutts  J  and  that  y  pra  fugi^o, 
 
 >>  >» 
 
 omnibus  Romanorum  opprefionibus  novis  &  tnauditis  cce-  l^^^^^f/gr'^ 
 
 *  > 
 
48        AnHifloricall  Fmdicmon    ChapJiL 
 
 ftt  moleJlATi ,  &c.  The  thing  I  find  ofgreateft  exception 
 is ,  the  obligation  injoyning  them  to  vifit  Rome ,  which 
 being  in  piufuance  of  the  26.  chapter  oftheCouncell 
 oi  Later  an  y  hcldonely  20.  years  before  ,  is  cenfured 
 ^  Mat.  Par.    :^j)amntfmy  gravamen  i  frajudicium^  injuria,  jaElura^ 
 p4'i35,^2'3.    ^s  that  which  altered  the  nature  of  the  Church,   which 
 p.i«.  1 4 1  >5  2)    had  been  from  the  foundation  libera  &  tngenuayZwdi  was 
 5^'  thus  brougiit  toferve  the  ends  of  the  Court  oi  Rome. 
 
 Tiuly  after  this  I  cannot  fee  iiow  there  can  be  faid  to 
 have  been  a  free  Papall  Counccli  in  Europe  ,  when  fuch 
 as  it  conriftsof(  being,  for  the  mod,  Bifliops  and  Ab- 
 bots )  come  with  fo  high  an  obligation  as  an  oath  to  de- 
 fend the  ufages  of  Rome,  under  the  title  of  Rega/u 
 .\Sefs.2^.  San6li  Petri.  In  purfuance  of  which  the  /.Councell 
 f^p,  2.  Qf  Trent  did  expreflely  charge  all  Patriarchs ,  Arch- 
 
 bifhops  ,  Bifliops,  and  other,  who  in  future  fhould 
 meet  in  Provincial!  Synods ,  that  veram  obedientiam 
 fummoV^ovndiWO  Pofitifici  fpondeant  y  &  profit eantur.  I 
 wifli  it  had  expreft  what  that  had  been. 
 
 52.  To  return  to  thati  was  treating  of.  Thisvifiting 
 the  Roman  Court,  however  muchprcft  on  thisMona- 
 6,cxy  oiSx..  Albans  y  yet  was  ever  excufed  till  1290. /<?/?« 
 the  3 .  and  2  $ .  Abbot  was  forced  to  go  thither  for  his 
 confirmation ;  but  becaufe  the  book  is  not  printed  ,  I 
 zViuMhat,  will  give  you  mya  Audors  own  words.    Johannes  de 
 St.  .Alhani     Bcrkamfted ,  vir  religiofus  d^  honeFf£  converfationis  , 
 'hanneT  ^M-  i^^^i^^i^^fl^'^^  ^(^"f^^^p^^^^i^  ^^^t£  & gloriofavirginis  Ma- 
 Imi'r;.  ria:,  fciltcetqumtoidusDecembris  ^  anno  Domim  MCC. 
 
 nonagefimo  y  perviamcompromij^i  de  gremioEc  define  on- 
 corditer  ele^us ,  ad  curiam  Romanam primus  omnium  w^- 
 hatum  hujus  Ecclejiit ,  pro  conprmatione  eleclionis  fu^  cbti- 
 nenda ,  perfonaliter  acce(?it ,  ibio^ue  confirmatus  efi  kfum- 
 mo Pontifice  ^ichoho-,  & kvenerabili  L.  Oftienfi i?/'/- 
 fcop9  &  Cardinali  apud  urbem  veterem  munus  accepit  be- 
 ne di^ionis  ;  &fic  data  maxima pecuniaPap A  ,  &  Cardi- 
 pialibus ,  &  aliis  de  curia  ^  quam  de  merc^toribus  Pap  a 
 
 durts 
 
Chap. III.   of  the  (^Zwriil  ^England.   49 
 
 durts  conditiorr.hus  ex  niuiuo  rccepit ^  nb  ilia  irifatiahiU 
 curia   iv/ijit  ,  Cr\plctijquc  ncgotiis  dcmum  redtrc  ftfttnA- 
 vit  ,«Scc.     By  which  wc  may  Tec  \\\\o  of  this  houfc 
 went  on  this  occafion  firftthithcr  ,  and\^  hy  it  wasfo 
 earneftly  urged  from  ihcncc.   As  for  the  Monaftery  of 
 St.AiiguJitns,  by  rcalon  of  the  often  contentions  with 
 th' Archbifliop  ,  the  Monks  there  were  much  more 
 prone  to  yield  obedience  to /^^wd*  (who  maintained 
 themfor  thcmoftagainft  himj  then  thcfc other wxre  : 
 yctthcfirllofthem  I  find  to  have  ^  took  this  oath  was  ^j-^'^^'c  / 
 Roger \\\zz.  elefted  Abbot  1253  .For thoughthe^ bene-  1899,22.' 
 d^\Qi\o\\Qi  Rchertus  deBello  1  224.  wercati?cw^ ,  where  c/^/U  fo/. 
 he  gained  th'  Abbacy;  yet  there  being  no  mention  of     '  '^" 
 any  oath  prefcntcd  tohim  then  ,  we  muft  think  it  came 
 in  afterwards.    But  for  the  fuller  underflanding  how 
 this  vifiting  the  Roman  Church  came  in ,  the  Reader  will 
 give  me  leave  a  little  to  digreflc. 
 
 53.  Chriftians  in  all  ages  have  efteemcd  it  a  point 
 of  fingular  piety  and  devotion ,  for  any  Ghoftly  Father 
 or  Dodor  to  have  a  care  of  thofe  to  whom  they  have 
 the  relation  of  being  a  Spirituall  Superior  ,  either  by 
 planting  Chriftian  Religion  amongft  them  ,  reducing 
 them  out  of  error,  orotherwife  fome  engagement  on 
 them.  Saint  Paul  fent  for  the  Elders  of  Epbefus  to  come 
 unto  him  at  Mtletus ,  from  whom  they  received  thofc 
 wholefome  inftruclionswe  read  in  the  ^  A&  of  the  A-  ^  ASisxx. 
 poftles;  and  according  to  this  example  there  are  divers  ^^ytotheetid. 
 exhortations  m  the  waitings  andEpiftles  of  the  Fathers. 
 Before  the  year  5 17.  a^  Counccllheldat  Tarragona  in  ^[^'f//*'^"^'^' 
 Spair;-  did  ordain  ,  that  every  Bifhop  ,  im^lctis  duohus 
 menfib'js  y  fc  CMetropolit am  fm  rcpr ctfcntet  afpe^ibas  ,  ut 
 ab  illo  rmnit:s  EcclefiaHicis  tnjlruclus ,  plemus  qi:td  oh- 
 fernjare  debeat  reccgnofcat :  quodjlfcrte  hoc  i}nplere  ncg- 
 lexeriti  in  S  .oda  increpaVAs  k  f)  at) /bus  corrigatur,  A- 
 grceingto  which,    '  ^;^  in  iheyear  541 .  didcfta-  f^sr^^f/ii^. 
 
 blifh  by  Law.  that  forthebcttcr  oblcrvanceof  th'Ec-  ^p.  10. 
 
 H  clcfiarti.k 
 
50         An  Htjlorif all  Vindication  Chap.  HI. 
 
 clcfiaftick  rules  ,  cxciy  K^rchbifhop ,  Patriarchy    and 
 
 UMetropolitan,   Sa?icfifimos  Efifcofos  fub  fe  conjiituto^ 
 
 in  eadcm  Provinciafemelautfecundoperfingulos  annos  ad 
 
 •  Baron. (0.9.  f^convocarc.  AndPopcS^/^c/7^r>' ^;^;;.  743.  in  aCoun- 
 
 n.19.  cell  at  Rome ,  Omnes  Epijcopi  qui  hujus  ApoJioliCcifedis  or- 
 
 d'.nationi fuhjacehunt ^qui  tropmqmfunt ^annucidibus  men- 
 
 Jis  'JAlan  fanciorum  Vnnctpis  Apoftolor urn  Petri  &  Pauli 
 
 "^ ^^^i'u  ^r  '    liminibHS pr^fententur^  om7tioccaJione ftpofita, & c .  *  After 
 
 fjp.ioi,ic9.  which  ChdrlsiYiZ  Great  did  by  law  ordain  ,  ut  unuf- 
 
 qtiifque  'presbyter  per  fmgulos  annos  Ep  if  cop  0  fuo  ratio?iem 
 
 rntnijlerii  fui  reddat  ,  tarn  de  fide  Catholic  a  ,  quam  dc 
 
 Baptifmo  ,  atque  de  omni  or  dine  mtnisiertifui. 
 
 54.  About  which  iw^xz  Boniface  an  Englifhman  ,  the 
 Popes  Legat  in  Germany ,  and  Archbifliop  of  L^ientz, , 
 in  aCounccll  hcldin  Germany  (the  decrees  whereof  he 
 k  Cm;/.        fent  to  Cutbcrt  then  in  the  feat  of  Canterbury)^  declaring 
 ^r^'^'^s^'^*     how  great  the  care  of  the  Metropolitan  ought  to  be 
 of  thofe  under  him  ,  fliews  how  every  Presbyter  fliould 
 once  a  year  in  Lcntgivean  account  to  his  Bifliop  ,  who 
 was  to  inftrudt  him  ,  and  with  fuch  things  as  he  could 
 not  correal  himfelf,  to  acquaint  th'  Archbifhop  in  a  Sy- 
 nod;   ft  ft  Sacer  dotes  velplebes  h  legedci  deviajjevide- 
 rim^  Cr  corrigere  nonpotuerim  ^  f dc  liter  femperfedi  A^o* 
 fiolica  &  vicario  Sancii  Petri  ad  emenda?tdum  indicave- 
 rim  :  Sic  enim  ,  nifallor  ,  omnes  ^pifcopi  debent  Metro- 
 politano,  d^  ipfc Romano  Ponttfictjfquid.de  corrigendis  po- 
 -fults  apud  cos  tmpofibile  cfi  ^  notum  facer  e  ,  &  fie  aliem 
 fient  a,  fanguine  a?iimarum  per dit arum.   Cutbert ,  accor- 
 ding to  this  advifc ,  doth  appoint  the  proceedings  of  the 
 Bifliop  to  be  to  the  Archbifliop,  in  the  fame  words  he 
 ii?Spclm^/>.  had  received  it  from  Bonfiaccr,   but  ipaflcth  no  farther  to 
 2^8,§.  utE-  the  Pope  :    an  "undoubted  argument ,  it  was  not  then 
 pifcopi,  <^     ufuall  in  England.  I  have  touched  before,  the  Conque- 
 ror  did  fufFer   no  other    corrcfpondency  with  Rome 
 AEadmcr.      then  what  he  liked;   Pafchalis  the  2.  quarrcH'd  with 
 />/i|.ii3»2.    /fi-^^.thc^firft,  that  2Vj'//^^///^^^/^/?^<?^:to  prevent  which, 
 
 this 
 
Chap.  III.   of  the  Church  of  V.\\^:ind.       51 
 
 this  V  llting  Kcmc  wasatthc  veryfiift  inferred  into  the 
 oath  of  an  Archbifhop  ,  ^vho  being  head  of  the  Pro- 
 vince, all  I  he  red  might  have  the  fame  dcpendancc. 
 
 55.  But  bccaule  this  did  not  reach  luciihoiiles  and 
 perfons  as  were  exempt  fromihejurildidicn  of  th"  Or- 
 dinary ,  acknowledging  no  fuperior  but  the  Pope;  the 
 Councell  o^  Later  an  undc^  Innocentius  ^ ,  121 5  J  pro-  Itm^Xonul. 
 vided  ,  fnch  as  pertained  immediately  to  his  rule  fhould  l^^-^^- 
 prcfentthcmfelves  before  him  for  confirmation  ,  ji com- 
 mode foteft  fieri -^    which  was  here  misliked.    Bur  this 
 Councell  fpeaking  not  hoipc  ,  in  that  it  tolerated  the 
 fending  "^  pcrfonas  idoneas^  per  quas  diligcns  mqui/itio  fu-  m  ca^.  2^. 
 per  eleciiorjjs proc((Ju& elfc^is poftt  haberi,6^c,  to  make  ^owf,/.  La- 
 th'excufe,    (and  beingitfelf  f  asl  fiiallfhewhereafterj 
 not  much  regarded  till    Gregory  the  9  ,  nephew  to  In- 
 7iocentUi$ ,    inferred  it  for  the  mofl:  into  the  Decretalls  , 
 and  framed,  as  I  have  faid,  an  oath  too,  forthellridcr 
 obligation  unto  him ; )  it  was  again  urged  by  ^Alexan- 
 der the  4.  " /^/  q'iiiihet  qui  tn  Abbatem  exemptum  ex-  «  Mat.  Paris 
 tunc  eL'geretur  J    Romanam  curiam  adtret  confirmandus  *^""^->'7- 
 &  hencdicendus  :  which  the  fame  author  (\ylcs^ Statu-  Jf.'^^^''^'' 
 turn  enorync  and  cruenttj?imum.    And  whereas  fomc  ,  0^^.956,7. 
 finding  the  burthen  of  running  to /?(?;?^f  ,  had  obtained 
 as  a  priviledge  from  thence  ,  P  utnon  teneanturjcdem  A-  p  Rcynald. 
 poflolicam  tifque  ad  cert  a  tempera  vifitare  ,  contra  formam  j!^"''^  ^f>; 
 pr^Jlittjuramcnti,  ex  quo  illudevemt  inconvcmenSy  quod  iz^j.n.  50. 
 Jpojiolic.tjedis  dignitas  rarius  vifitatur ,  in  derogationem 
 reverentia  qu.t  ab  omnibus  debetur  eidem  ,   &c.  the  fame 
 Pope  therefore  revokes  all  manner  of  fuchconcefllons 
 to  whomfoevcr  formerly  granted.    In  which  year,  or 
 perhaps  1258,  Simon  ( elected  Abbot  oiSt.  Edmunds-^ 
 bury  )   confirmed  by  t^lexander  the  4.  the  2  2  Odobcr, 
 IS  ^  noted  to  have  been  primus  exemptorumtn  Ann-lia  ad   /'^f^^'"" 
 curtam  Romanam  pro  Jua  confirmattone  vocatus.  pa  296.<-o/.i . 
 
 5  6.  Yet  the  Court  of  Rome ,  however  tiius  earncft  at 
 firft,   (either  perceiving  it  ill  rclflit  abroad,   and  th:u 
 
 H   2  forcing 
 
52         <L/[nHijloricAllVindicmon  Chap.III. 
 
 forcing  (bdain  mutations  in  Religion  not  to  be  of  fo 
 good  confequence )  in  iier  profecution  was  more  mo- 
 qvit^Abht.  derate,  q  On i^^c-:^ ^ the  xxiiii  AbbotofJ'/.  ^:f/^j«j  126?. 
 I  do  not  find  at  all  prcft;  his  fucccflbr  /^/:?/7the  xxv,  I 
 have  fliew'd,  was  the firfl:  went  thither  for  it.  Solikc- 
 'f^i)l^5i-    wife^  Fhilip  Abbot  ofWeftminfter  1258.  obtained  the 
 favour  to  ftayathome  ,  and  Richard  liUre  hisfucceffor 
 fetcht  his  confecration  firft  thence.    But  after  the  Court 
 was  fully  in  poffeflTion  of  what  turned  fo  much  to  her  ad- 
 {dT^%^^^'  vantage,  an  excufe  was/ hardlier  admitted  ;  andifany 
 feqwnt.  c«/.    did  obtain  the  favour  to  (lay  at  home ,  he  payed  a  good 
 ?i55>46.       round  fumme  for  it.  Itisremcmbred,  Michael  Abbot 
 oi St.i^uguft'ms  ^  eleded  1375,  did  give  P^/^cr  C^r- 
 dindibus  utfofsit  benedici  in  Anglu  1 S  3 ^  -02^-06^.  and 
 accordingly  fome  other.  The  Papacy  having  by  thefe 
 waycs  abated  the  power  of  th'  Archbifliop  ,  found  it 
 cafy,  hislett  removed,  to  bring  the  reft  of  the  Clergy 
 wholy  to  depend  upon  it,  byraifing  whom  it  liked  to 
 oppofe  that  Prelat ,  who  were  bound  to  maintain  the 
 Papall  audority  which  fupported  them  in  what  they 
 did,  and  wringing  thelnveftitures  ffo  far  as  lay  in  their 
 power )  out  of  the  hands  of  Princes ,  to  intereft  the  Pope 
 and  his  party  in  feverall  particulars,  under  the  notion  of 
 being  matters  Ecclefiafticallj  by  which  he  brought  the 
 elections  of  Bifhops  folely  to  the  Convent ,  excluding 
 both  King  and  others,  and  became  as  Patron  of  moft 
 ^^tn^?^'  Spirituall  promotions  in  f;^^/^^:  which  ^  forme  he  yet 
 j^om.  iiDe-  laboured  in  the  end  to  break  too  ,  by  reducing  all  to  his 
 cmbr.icoi.  own  gift.   For  the  underftanding  of  which,  asnotim- 
 pertinent  to  that  I  treat  of ,  it  will  be  ncccflary  to  look 
 a  little  higher. 
 
 57.  When  any  place  became  dcftitute  of  a  Bifliop  ,  it 
 is  certain,  in  the  primitive  Church,  the  Lay  as  well  as  the 
 Clergy  did  concur  in  nominating  who  were  to  fuc- 
 ceed  in  the  charge;  that  he  who  was  to  have  th'  in- 
 fpection  of  all ,  might  not  be  brought  into  it  with  the 
 
 rcpug- 
 
Chap.  III.  ojthi:  ^Z^/^rc/:^  ^/England,      53 
 
 repugnancy  of  any.  And  this  cuftomc  was  fo  gcnciall,   ^ 
 as**  St.  Cvprian  and  3  6 .  Difliops  morc,mcctin2:  in  Coun-  ^  ^VP^'-  ^V?- 
 cell  about  the  year  25  s.  wntuig  to  certaui  m  Spxm,  ramdu. 
 fpakcas  if  it  did  defcend  dediviaa  auHorit^tteM  is  not  to 
 be  doubted  but  this  courfegave  fometinic  opportunity 
 to  ambitious  and  contentious  rpirlts  {as  ^Sz.^^agu/li/jc  ^^vP-^^^- 
 calls  them)  of  troubling  the  Churches  peace;  and  there- 
 fore y  the  Councell  of  L.iodicea  before  the  year  3  60.  y^-'^-^v 
 did  appoint  the  elecl:ions  to  Priefthood  not  to  be*  by  *  turbis.  ct* 
 multitudes  ;    and  divers  holy  Bifliops  defiring  peace  "l.^^^jD/yJirj, 
 might  continue  after  them  in  their  flock  ,  were  carefull  ca^.(>. 
 or  ever  they  dyed  to  know  the  perlbn  was  to  fucceed 
 in  their  chair.  Sever  us  Bifliop  oC(Jlfela  in  u^frica  had  "^  ^'^f"^'^* 
 expreft  to  the  Clergy  onely,   whom  he  thought  fit  to 
 have  been  admitted  after  him  to  his  Epifcopacy.  This 
 was  likely  to  have  bred  fome  ftir,  in  refped  the  people 
 were  not  acquainted  with  it;  had  not  \  S  t .  Auguft  r,ie  ^Auguft. 
 by  his  pains  and  wifdome  allayed  the  difpute;  to  avoid  ^P'/-^^®' 
 which,  that  good  man  nominated  one  Eraduis  for  his 
 fucceflbr,  whom  the  people  with  loud  acclamations  ap- 
 proved. 
 
 5S.  This  concurrence  or  joyning  of  the  Lay  with 
 the  Clergy  ( that  qui  prafuturus  eft  omnibus  ab  om?iibus 
 eltgntur.^is'^  Z^^pfpeaksj  in  choice  of  Bifhops ,   I  do  no  ^Lco  Ep//?. 
 way  queftion  to  have  continued  intheChurchtillaf-  ^^'^'^^'^-  ^ 
 ter  C/;^r/f  J  the  Great ,  in  whofe  Capitulars  we  find, 
 '-'  Epifiopi  per  clcotionem  cleri  &  popult  eli^antur  ;  and  to  ^cmhiu- 
 have  been  lent  hither  by  Gregory  the  Great ,  who  m  "-  his  ,  cap.s^. 
 EpilUes  makes  often  mention  of  it,  aswedofind^^  ftcps  cLih.z.Epiji. 
 of  it  in  our  own  Hillorians.    Yet  certainly  ,  however  £%^'V  2^' 
 there  might  be  fome  formalities  of  the  people  ,    the  j«a.  n.e^ 
 chief  of  eleclions  here  ever  depended  on  the  Prince;  as  '^j'^'/: 
 may  be  gathered  by  that  Speech  of  ff'^^Az//;  to  the  Con-  „«,!/Fior. 
 feQbrs  tombe,   ^  that  he  had  compelled  him  to  take  the  Wisom. 
 paftorall  llaffe.  And  Edivard  the  5.   wrote  to  Clement  '^"^oo^^nn. 
 
 1 1  ;9-  p^.532,  e  Ailtcd  dc  mn\icii!isEdjv.irdf,(oi  405.  j/. 
 
 H  3  the 
 
54         An  HiJloYtc all  Vindication  Chap,  IIL 
 
 du- 
 
 fE/>;ff.  EJ-      the  6.  ^  Cathedrales  —  ^cclejias  progenitores  nojlri 
 ^^[\cl',.^       dam  fi?iq:ulis  vacatioriibfis  carundem  per  Toms  tdoneis  j 
 
 Walfinah. 
 
 Jifigulis  vacatioriihfis  carundem  fer fonts  idoneis  jure 
 pig.  1 5 1  .+2.  J^^o  regio  liber e  co?ifercba7Jt ,  & pojlmodum,  ad  rogatum  & 
 ^nn.i  j4i;.  adiujUntiar^i  dicfjifedis  ,  fab  certismodis  &  conditionibus 
 conccfferunt ,  quod  elecliones  fierent  in  di5fis  Ecclejlisper 
 c.ifituU  earundem,  &c.  Solikcwife  in  the  Parliament 
 the  50.^^.  3.  the  Commonsfhcw ,  theKingand  great 
 men  were  formerly  in  peaceable  poflcffion  of  giving 
 ^  preferments  in  holy  Church.    But  I  will  give  the  words 
 
 thcmfelves,  becaufe  I  will  not  erre  in  the  Tranflation. 
 SJV>'- ^•*''^*  g  Le  Roy  &  les  grancies  —  fturent  en  feifible poffcfsion  de 
 W.9+,  doner  Us  Efvejches  &  les  benefices  de  feint  Efigli]e ,  come 
 
 lefejl  le  Roy  Si.  Edward ,  qe  dona  I'Evefche  de  Worceftrc 
 ajemt  Wolfton  ;   &  puis  par  de'votion  dcs  Roys  fufi  ^  & 
 par  la  Court  e  do   Rome    confer  me  ,    qe  les  Catkedralx 
 Efglifes  averotC7it  frank  eleclioii  de  lour  Vrclatz,  ,Jolonc  U 
 ley  de  Dteu  &  dc feint  Efgltfe ,  ent  ordeigne  perpetuel- 
 hihlLt.hU'  ?f^ent  adorer, 5Lc.2ind  a  httle  h after, /^^i  Roys  ^'Englcterrc 
 fleie?it  doner  E'vefchez,  <y  autres  grant z,  dignites  tres- 
 totiz.  y   comeil fait  aujourdui  Efgiifes par ochiels  ^  O' le^a^e 
 nefe  medlafl  de  doner  nul benefice  deinz>  le  Royalri'ie  tanqez> 
 demz*  brief  temps  pa  fe  ,  &c. 
 
 59.  And  this  to  have  been  likewife  the  cuflome  in 
 
 France  ^  the  complaint  of  the  French  Ambaffidor  to 
 
 I  jiaaaAr,itni.  T^^^Q^entius  4^"^  atVurcs  us.  i  Non  e(i  multum  temports 
 
 Mar.  Pans  r     >    t  »  r      1  ■ 
 
 US.  in  Bibiio-  (  faitn  hc  )  quod  Reges  Francorum  confer ehajtt  om?zcs  Ept- 
 thfca,  Cotton,  fopatus  in  camera  fua  y  6cc.  and  our  writers  do  wholy 
 cui  \mtitim  look  upon  the  placing  Lanfrank  in  Canterbury  as  ^  the 
 Didurus,  Kin2;s  ad  ,  thou2;h  it  were  not  ^  without  th'advife  of 
 ZreaUer7  ^^^  ^l^^^^^der  xho.  2.  Neither  did  ^  Anfelme  ever  make 
 VAw'iiiid-  fcrupleof  refufingthe  Archbiflioprick  ,  becaufe  he  was 
 wo  i-;j«/»"^«-  not  chofen  by  the  Monks  of  Canterbury,  and  in  that 
 Malms»  fo/.  letter  of  them  to  ^afchalis  the  2.  i  i  14.  though  they 
 1 1 6,  b.  38.      wuic  Raulf  in  prafentta  Q-lortofi  Rciis  Hcnrici    elect  us 
 
 }{ex  Lonjliutit  J  f      J  ^  J         ^ 
 
 Lanfrancum  Archiepifcopum  Cant.  Ylorcnt.  Wigor  p./^i6.,/fntj.i070.Sim.  Dunclm.cc//.ic2, 
 C.   I  Eadmer.p.6,  4i-  m  ^"^f  Jt/^. p. 1 6,  48.^.17,  iS. 
 
 /I  nobis 
 
Chap.Iir.   of  the  f/6mT^^  England.    5  5 
 
 k'fiohis  C^  clcru  &  p^pulo  ;    yet  \\  hofocvcr  will  note  the 
 
 ^  lerieb  of  that  election ,  cannot  (ce  it  to  have  been  o-  nihid.^.109, 
 
 ther  then  the  Kings  acl^   iniomuch  as  olu^  writers  ufc  "*^^''/r^ 
 
 often  no  other  phrafe  then  the  King  gave  fuch  prefer-  fol. 219,  a.u 
 
 mcnts ,  «5cc.    And  whilft  things  flood  thus ,  there  was 
 
 never  any  interpofing  from  Rome  ^   no  quellion  who 
 
 was  lawfully  chofen  •   the  Popes  therefore  did  labour  to 
 
 draw  this  from  the  Princes  medling  with,  as  much  as 
 
 waspoirible.  Some  cllay  might  be  1108.  at  the  fettling 
 
 Invellitarcs,  for  then  K^nfclmc  P  writ  to  PAfch.tlis ,  Rex  p^/)W  Eai- 
 
 ipfe  in  pcrJontselige?2di5  nulUte?TUS  propria  utitur  voinn-  ™^^'  ^'*<^^^' 
 
 tate ,  fed  religioforiim  fe  penitus  commit  tit  confilio.  But 
 
 this, as  the  practice  proved  afterwards,  was  no  more  but 
 
 that  he  would  take  theadvife  of  hisBifhops,  or  other 
 
 of  the  Clergy:  for,  as  ^Z)/V^/(?w^ellobfervcs  ,  ourKing  q^««.  117^, 
 
 didinfuchlbrt  follow  the Ecclcfiaftick Canons,  asthey  ^<'^)^V>2r. 
 
 had  a  care  to  conferve  their  own  rights.  The  fitted  way 
 
 therefore  for  the  Pope  to  get  in  was,  if  there  fhould 
 
 happen  any  dilTcnfions  amongfi:  thcmfclvcs ,  that  he,  as 
 
 a  moderator,  a  judge,  or  an  Arbitrator ,  might  Hep  in. 
 
 60.  About  the  Conqueft,  an  opportunity  Was  offcr'd 
 on  the  contentions  between  the  two  Archbifliops  for 
 primacy  5   in  which  Canterbury  Hood  on  "^  the  bulls  (true  r  vdeniA^uk 
 orfalfe)  of  former  Popes  ,that  had  as  a  great  Patriarch  Maimsbu- 
 madc  honourable  mention  of  them.  When  they  were  173,'a'^{^ ' 
 both  107 1. /with  o/Z^x^^^^^Tthez-by  hisadvife  it  was  /Lanfranc. 
 referr'd  to  a  determination  iwIn^Und^  andaccordinG,lv  ^^'/^-B-f-^^- 
 1072.  \Vm.  fhc  firll  with  his  Bifliops  niadelbmcfcttlc- 
 ment,whichby  theni  oiTork  was  ever  Rumbled  nt,  pre- 
 tending the  King' oat  of  rcafon  of  Stare  Tided  wi[hCt,v-  '^cubs  dt 
 terbury.  But  thisbrakeinto  nopublick contcfttill  1116.  fo/.i-o6,3i, 
 T/^^r/?.?;;  elected  to  Tork^    ^  endeavored  'W.Romc  to  dl-  «Eadmcr. 
 vert  the  making  any  profcHlon  of  fubjeclion  to  Cant,  i^  '^^'^'^^• 
 but  failing  in  th' attempt  (that  Court  not  liking  to  fall 
 into  a  contcil  it  was  not  probable  to  carry)  rcfigncd  his 
 Ardibiflioprick,  Spondens  Rcgi  &  Arch;cpifcopo  ,/?  dio^: 
 
 viverct' 
 
56         AnHiJloricall  Vindiccition    Chap.III. 
 
 ^Eadrncr.  ^j'lvcrct  72on  recUmdturum  :  yet  after  the  *  Glcrgy  of 
 121^6!^°*^  ^^^^'  fued  to  the  Pope  for  his  reftitution ,  which  pro- 
 duced that  letter  from  Pafchalis  the  2.  in  his  behalf  to 
 Hen.  the  i.  is  m  Eadmer  ta  -^  wherein  he  defires ,  if  there 
 were  any  difference  between  the  two  Sees ,  it  might  be 
 difcuft  in  his  prefence.  Which  was  not  hearkned  to; 
 P^^.fiT"  ^^^^  Calixtus  the  z.y  in  a  Councellby  him  held  1 1 1 9.  at 
 Reimes  ( of  which  before)  (the  Englifli  Bifliops  not  ar- 
 rived ,  the  Kings  Agent  protcftingagainftit ,  the  Arch- 
 deacon oiCant,  tcllingthePope  that^'/^r^  he  could  not 
 do  it)  confecratedhim  Archbifliop  oiTork:  upon  which 
 Henry  prohibits  him  all  return  into  his  dominions.  And 
 in  the  entervicw  foon  after  at  Gijors  ,  though  Calixtus 
 carneftly  laboured  th*  admitting  him  to  his  See  ,  the 
 King  would  by  no  means  hearken  to  it.  So  the  Pope 
 left  the  bufinefle  as  he  found  it ,  and  Thurjian  to  prove 
 other  way es  to  gain  th'  Archbiflioprick. 
 
 6 1 .  Who  thereupon  became  an  ador  in  the  peace  a- 
 
 bout  that  time  treated  between  England 2indi  Fra?K€ :  in 
 
 \t\m\/im      which  his  comportments  were  fuch ,  thzt^  proniorem 
 
 1120.  cqL      adfefe  recipiendum  Regis  animum  infiextt-^   fo  as  upon 
 
 242, 2^        ^^  Popeslettershe  was  afterwards  rcftored,  ^eadifpo- 
 
 fa^.  1^^6,41.  fitione  ,  ut  nullatenus  extra,  provtnciam  Eboracenfem  di- 
 
 vinum  ojficium  celehraret  ,   donee  Ecclefi^t  Cantuarien- 
 
 fiy&c.fatis facer et,T\\\s  I  take  to  be  the  firft  matter  of  Epi- 
 
 fcopacy  that  ever  the  Pope  (  as  having  a  power  clle- 
 
 where  of  altering  what  had  been  here  fettled)  did 
 
 meddle  with  in  ^;i'^/4;^rf.  It  is  true,  whilft  they  were  raw 
 
 inChriftianity,  he  didfometimes  recommend  Paftors- 
 
 /»Beda,/i&.4.  to  this  Church  ;  [o^  Fttalian  diiiTheodore:  and  farther 
 
 ^*^^*  (hewed  himfelf  follicitous  of  it,  by  givinghis  fatherly 
 
 inftruftions  to  the  E/^^/z/feBifliops  to  have  a  care  of  it; 
 
 }<ot(j  Malms-  fo  d\(\  Forr^^ofjs  or  fome  Other  by  his  letters  904.  upon 
 
 z^ll  Uyithii  which  E^T.'Wth' elder  congregated  a  Synod,  wherein 
 
 ipcii^Ann  oo^.hmthAt  agrees  uotwitb  Formofus  his  Popedonoe  :  Bdronius  therefore  corre^s 
 it  to.  10.  and  makei  ^tm.  894. w,  1 1.  hut  at  that  time  Edn^ard  ivas  not  Kin^. 
 
 five 
 
Chap.  III.   of  the  Church  o/"England .      5  7 
 
 five  new  Bifliopswcre  conftitutcd  ,  by  whichaniniin-  ,    - 
 
 dcUion  of  Paginif]"nc  rcaJy  to  break  in  on  the  Weft  for 
 
 want  of  Pallors  ^^'as  ftopt.  But  it  isappatent,  this  was 
 
 done  not  as  having  dominion  over  them  j   for  he  fo  left 
 
 the  careof  managingthc  matter  to  their  diferetion,  as 
 
 he  did  no  way  intcrelVc  himfelf  in  it  farther  then  advifc. 
 
 62.  A  meeting  of  Engliili  Bifliops  i  lo/.at  Cz/;//?r- 
 bury,  or  (as/'/^rd*^/////j  W/e^r/>/^;7y7j  (lilesit)  a  Couneell    ,., 
 rcftorcd  the  x\bbot  of  i?^^///?)' depofcd  i  loz, ^  ju[Jt4  A-  oorn.p.479. 
 fcftoluoi   or,   :is  Eadmcrus  ^  ^  juxt.tma,nd:itum  Domini  ^^^^^^ '^^^ 
 PafA.  It  is  manifeft  ,  this  command  ftom  Rome  to  be  of  ^^  ^-'  ^  ♦• 
 the  fame  nature  thofe  I  mentioned  of  ^C.?/^7;^j,  or  at  c/«pri  «.2o. 
 the  moll  no  other  then  the  int<,'rceirion  of  the  Patriarch 
 
 of  a  more  noble  Sec  ,  to  an  inferior  ,  that  by  his  means 
 had  been  converted:  For  hisrcftitution  (after  the  re- 
 ception of  the  Papall  letters)   feems  to  have  been  a 
 fgood  while defer'dj  fothat  what  pad  2XKGme^\^  not  yjjo/rmw.m- 
 difannull  his  deprivation  here,till  made  good  in  f;;^/*^;/^,  ^^vcm.  Ead- 
 asat  a  time  when  nothing  thence  was  put  in  execution  '^^^* 
 but  by  the  Rcgall  approbation  ;    as  the  Pope  himfelf 
 t  complained  to  the  King.     But  after  the  Church  of  ^^  j ,  j .  *p^.. 
 RomCy  with  tlV  airiftancc  of  th'  Englijh  Clergy,  had  im- 
 obtained  all  eleftions  to  be  by  the  Chapters  of  the  Ca- 
 thedralls ,  upon  every  Scruple  fhe  interpofcd  herfelf. 
 
 63.  The  greateft   part  of  the  Convent  of  Lon- 
 don 1136.^  chofe  x^nfclme  Abbot  oiSt.  EdmHndsbmy  cqII\oi. 
 for  their  Bifliop  ,  contrary  to  the  Deans  opinion  and 
 
 fome  few  of  the  Chanons  ,  w  ho  appealed  to  Rome-^ 
 where  th' election  1138  wasdifannulled,  the  Bifliop- 
 rick  by  the  Pope  recommended  to  U'tnchcsUr ,  his 
 then,  or  rather  loon  after,  Lcgat;  which  fo  remained 
 till  1 141.  Thisisthefuftexamplcof  any  Bifliop  chofen, 
 received  and  in  polleflion  of  a  Church  in  this  King- 
 dome  ,  whole  cleclion  was  after  quafh'tati^^wf ,  and 
 the  fentence  obeyed  hercj  as  it  is  hkewileofany  Com- 
 mendam  on  Papallcommandin  the  Church  oiE/7gl.t?id: 
 
 1  all 
 
58        An  Hijloricall  Findtcmon     Chap.  1 1 1. 
 
 all  which  feems  to  have  pad  with  the  Kings  concur- 
 rence. 
 Wide  johpin,      64.  lortoMeprive  rr/////<jw  eledlcd  fomcwhataf. 
 Hpguinad.     ^Q^  Archbifhop  of  Torky  where  he  did  not  joyn,  was 
 *<ijfT».ii^;.  not  fo  eafy  :  Thisman  chofcn  1142  by  the  greater  part 
 of  the  Chapter ,  after  five  years  fute  in  the  Court  of 
 .-. Bernard.     Rome ,  r.St.  Bernard  oppofing  him,  hadintheendliis 
 ^\f^\T^l      elcdion  annulTd  by  EHge77ius  3.  in  a  Councellheld  at 
 zj7^23».       Reims \  the  Chanons  of  7"^ >->(' exhorted  to  chufe  another  j 
 fome  of  which  made  choice  of//f;^rj  CMurdack ,  then  as 
 it  feems  with  the  Pope;  who  coming  as  Archb!fliop  in- 
 to England  ,  was  not  fuffer'd  to  enter  on  his  Arch- 
 biflioprick  ,  and  excommunicating ///^^^deP^^^/ ,  a 
 perfon  preferr'd  by  William  ,  was  himfelf  by  him  ex- 
 communicated ,   no  intcrmiilion  of  divine  fervicc  in 
 tJie  City  admitted  ;  and  Henry's  means  to  gain  his  See 
 was  by  drawing  the  Bifliop  of  D«r^/w^,  Carliflc,  the 
 King  ot  Scots  ,  and,  by  the  Popes  advife,  this  very 
 Hffghhy  fweetnede  to  his  party,  and  in  the  end  by  the 
 Kings  Son  (whom  it  feems  hepromifed  to  get  advanced 
 to  the  Crown  by  the  power  of  Rome)  making  his  peace 
 with  Stephen  f  who  foon  after  employed  him  thither  on 
 that  errand.     And  this  I  take  to  be  the  fecond  Eh'zhsh 
 cledion  was  ever  hereannull  d  by  Papall  audority. 
 
 6  5 .  Here  I  may  obferve ,  that  at  firft  ,  when  ever  the 
 
 Pope  made  voyd  an  elcclion,  he  did  not  take  upon 
 
 him  to  appoint  another  in  the  place  vacant :  but  either 
 
 y^i'ohao:        ^^^^^  ^^  ^^^  Clergv  of  the  fame  Church  to  chnfe  ano- 
 
 Maguift.  w/.  ther.asthofe  towhomitappertaincdj  {o6^\^Eugenitis  i, 
 
 fif'^T,   •     to  Tork  when  this  *  H.Aiurdack  waschofen  ,  Imiocen- 
 
 JjMat.  Pans       ^  .  in. 
 
 ^««.i207.  tins  3.  when  ^Stephen  Langton-^oxi  eireihcBilhopricklay 
 
 pa^.222,40.  vacant, as  ^^ London  after  ^^nfelme hoin  1 1 3  9.  to  1 141. 
 
 To7)*53-^''  ^^^^  cleftionsbeing  with  much  flruggling  fettled  who- 
 
 508,20.  jy  in  the  Clergy,  and  Innoceyitius  3.  having*  by  dcfini- 
 
 j^tl^i^oc  *  ^^^^  fcntcnce  excluded  the  English  Bi/hops  from  having 
 
 |./i'4/^4,*  any  part  in  that  of  th'  Archbiihog  of  Canterbury ,  they 
 
 bo. 
 
Chap.Iir.    oj-thc  CJjiirch  of  England,    59 
 
 becoming  wholy  nppropriatcd  to  the  Chapters  of  Ca- 
 thcdralls,  the  Pope  began  to  creep  in  ,  and  "  cxco?}-  rsvuiu  Crt* 
 cejft  fUnttudtne  EccltfiaJUcx  pote^atis  ,    as  he  /peaks  ,  ^^IJ'^l'^f^ 
 without   any  formality    of   clioicc  ,     to  confer    not  ^«».  m^. 
 onely    Billiopricks  ,    but  other    licclefiaftick  promo- f-*^- 3  5 ^»''^' 
 tions,  within  the  prccinds  of  others  Dioccfcs  ,  and  by 
 that  meansto  fill  the  fatbenefices  of  the  Nation.  The 
 firft  Archbifliop  of  CAnterhury  promoted  by  this  abfo- 
 lute  power  of  the  Church  of  Rome  fecms  to  have  been 
 Richard  1229.  •  -noncUclo  ^  feidxto  ad  ^^rchtcvifcovx-  ^M.u.  Paii« 
 
 66.  The  p  French  Agent,  in  his  Rcmonftranccto  p^djiumem. 
 Innocent lus  Ar"^^^^  attributes  thebec^inninci;  of  thefe  colla-  ^J^^'.^^^'A 
 tions  to  Innocent  the  i^-  and  1  have  not  read  that  ci-  t^cj  cottan. 
 thcr  Pafihalis  the  fecoad  ,  GeUJius  ,    Calixtus  ,  or  In-  fo{ « ?5.  cue 
 nocenti.  though  forced  to  Uvelbmetlmcs  out  of  i?(?wf,  '^',^^"^^^5 
 did  ever  exercifc  auftority that  way.    ButI  willgiveit  c]uodin;un- 
 in  his  own  words.  P.^"^  '^^  **' 
 
 Qcrte  non  mult  urn  temper  is  clapfum  ejl ,  ex  quo  Boym- 
 nus  Papx  Alexander ,  perfecutioms  cogcnte  t?icommodo , 
 'venit  in  Franciam  ,  confugiens  adfuhjidium  tnclyt^rc- 
 cord.itionts  Regis  Ludovici  patris  Regis  Philippi ;  k  qu9 
 henigne  fkfceptus  ejl ,  &ftctit  ihi  dm ;  (^  forte  vivu?:t  all- 
 qiiiq.'ii  vtderunt  eurn :  tpfe  tAmen  in  nullo  gravavit  Lc- 
 clefiam  Gallicanam ,  ut  nee  unam  folam  pr^bendxm  nut 
 aliud  bene  fie  turn  ipje  Papa  dederit  tbi ,  fed -nee  altquis  prx- 
 decejfor  fuus  ,  nee  multt  etiam  defuccejfortbus  dcderunt  in 
 
 ftiaau^hritate  beneficium  aliquid  ^  ufque  ad  tempora  Do- 
 r^iini  InnoQcntWi .  qui  primus  a ffump fit  fibij'is  iflud  tn 
 tempore f no  :  Revera  dedtt  multas prxbe?id.is ,  C  fimt liter 
 
 pofi  ipfum  Bominus  Honorius    &  Dominns  Gregorius  ^  Mat.  Parn 
 
 Jimilt  modo  fecerunt\  fedonirics  pr.itdecejforesvcjlri ,  /// ^'^/?. »'«(?'•. 
 
 publicedicitur  ,   non  dcderunt  tot  bcneficiaut  vcsfolus  de-  ^,^  tty^fol. 
 
 dtJllS  ,     6CC.  14?.  b,  coll. 
 
 67.  In  what  year  tlV  AmbaffaJor  from  France  made  ^^J^^^'-^ 
 this  complaint,  is  not  let  down:  But  7  ^/^/.P^r// in  his  iVtjhu9n^ 
 
 I  2  Hi/lorix 
 
6Q      ^nHiBoricall  Ftndic^tkn  Chap.lll. 
 
 HifioYix  mmoYi  makes  mention  of  it  as  done  in  or  a- 
 bout  1252. 
 
 Viehus  fuh e'lfdem y  Epifcopo  Lincolnicnfi  computuntey 
 iompertum  &  pYoh.it  urn  eH  auod  ijie  Pap  a  ,  ft  i  licet  Inno- 
 ccntiiis  quaYtiiS ,  pltsYes  redditus  extoYtos  adfuam  contu- 
 lit  voluntAtem,  quum  omncs  ejus pY^deceJfoYes  •  pYout  mx^ 
 nifc/ie  patet  in  luguhYi   qHeYtmonia    cjuam  YepofucYunt 
 FYanci  coYam  Papa  pYo  fuis  intoleYabihbus  oppYcJ^ionihus^ 
 qua  Yedacla  cjl  m  fcYtptum  EpiJloU  admodnm  pYoUx^y 
 qua  Jic  mctpit ,  Didurus  quod injiinftum  eft  mihi,  &c. 
 qu^Yc  EpiJlol^Yn,  ^z.    By  which  it  appears ,  that  great 
 liberty  the  Papacy  took  in  conferring  Ecclefiaftick  pre- 
 ferments within    the  Diocefes  of  others,  took  its  rife 
 from  Pope  Innocent ,  and  ,asit  fcems  to  me ,  not  at  the 
 vPvOgcr.Ho-  very  beginning  of  his  timej  for  1  \c)C)JGeUYdus  hxoXi-^ 
 ¥cd./o/.  45J.  deacon  o{  St.  Davids  coming  from  Rsme  ,  quia  idem 
 1.  GerN  as.      G.Menevenlls  Ecclejia  in  cuYia  Romanafe  dicebat  eleciumy. 
 DorobciD.     hoc  ipfiimcaffdvit  ^^Ychteptfcopus  ^&  aliumfacYavit  ca- 
 'inVulnHher  ^^^^^^  eUBum  ;   though   he  after  bcftowed  on  him  a 
 Church  of  25.  marks :  and  this  in  a  cafe  the  Pope  had 
 fo  earneftly  efpoufed  ,  as  he  wrote  to  the  Biihops  of 
 Lincoln,  BuYcfme  and  Ely  ,  fi^^YchiepifcopusQQaxtwx- 
 iix  Jape  diclum  Gilardum  confecYaYe  dijfeYYet ,  ipfi Apo- 
 Jioiica  atithcYitate  fYctt  ilium  confccYaYe  non  dtjfeYYent : 
 which  yet  th'  Archbifnop,  as  againft  the  English  liberty  y 
 did  not  doubt  to  oppofe ,  anddifannul. 
 UnmuquQ  6s.  But  thus  it  continued  not  long;  io^^  Honor ius^ 
 
 ^^^    "/Jg.  the   immediate  fuccciTor  to /«fT/orr;//V/i  3"^  fhcwing, 
 rum  lontifi.    iuch  as  fcrvcd  th'  Apoftolickfce  ,  andrefidcd  witiiit , 
 ijtni  ^rchiept-  xv^j-^  worthv  congYuis  hencflctis  ho7tvYaYi  ,  and  were 
 s^^mr,  s.  "  therefore  poffell  of  divers  both  in  England  and  other 
 parts  ,  which  they  did  admir.iftcr  with  fo  great  care, 
 quod  non  minus  benefictantibus  qnam  bencficiatisutilitcr 
 eft  provifum ;  unde ,    quia  nommnquam  bene'fictatis  hu^ 
 jufmodi  dccedentihus  ,  benejlcia  qua  obtimierant ,  tnconftH- 
 Us.  hiis  ad  mos  eorum  donatio pcrtimbat^  aliis  fucccfive- 
 
 iolLuiSp, 
 
Chap.IIL   of  the  Church  o/England.    ei 
 
 collate  ,  perpettio  tilts  ad  qtsos  pert  trie  fit  vidcbAntttr  awtt- 
 ti  ^  propter  quod  etiarn  murmur. ihunt  plurimi^  d^  ^litje 
 diffuil lores  ad  conferendum  tdibus  bcncficta  cxhthebuKt : 
 Nos  volentes  fttper  hoc  congrut^m  remedium  adhtbere  ,  ne 
 CMiquam  ftia  liberalitas  fit  damp  no fi  ^  per  quam  fotius 
 meruit  gratiam  &  favor  em  ^  Jlatuimus  ^  ut  clericis  £(>- 
 f /r//^  Romanx  ,  velalits  Ytalicis,  qutprtebendasz'cl Ec- 
 clefias  ,  fetialia  Ecclejiajlica  beneficta  /;;  Anglia  obtinent 
 njcl  obttnuerint  h  modo  decedentibus  ,  Pr^bendx  vel  Ec- 
 cUjLt ,  feu  alia  beneficta  neqtiaquam  a  nobis  u  el  alio  tlla  vice 
 altcui  conferantur  J  fd  ad  tllos  Itbere  redeant ad  quos  tllo- 
 rum  donatio  dtnofdtur  pertinere  ,  &c.  Dat.  Latcran. 
 /.  quarto  Kalend.  Martii ,  Fonttficatus  nostri  anno  qutnto.  •*•  2^.  ?f^»^ 
 
 69.  Yctncithcr  this,  nor  the  renewing  of  it  by  Cr<f-  ''"'' 
 gory  the  9.  with  a  fpcciall  indulgence  ^6^\izdiz<\vencra-  t  ^«  ^o^^w 
 hilibus  fratribus  univerfis  Archicpifcopis  &  Epilcopi^,  ^,  ^,/iJT'** 
 ac  dtlehtsfil.  is  Abbatibus,d"  alits  Ecclefiarum  Prxlatis  per 
 Angliam  conftitutis  — -ut  fiquando  ad  vos  liters  ylpo- 
 floltCA  pro  be-fieficiandis  hujufmodi  de  detero  eynanarunt , 
 ad  prcvifione?n  tpforum  inviti  non  teneamur  ,  nifi  de  hac 
 indul  gentta  plcnamfecerintmentionem.    Dat,    Lateran. 
 .M  ^?^'Az\\di.\A2i\\^Pontificatus noflrt  anno  J\^'^',^ZXOV^^  :.April.\7.- 
 quiet  the  Engltfh  ,  or  keep  them  from  that  confedcra-  *^"'^"  ^  '''^* 
 non  in  C^Iat.  Paris  1231.  beginning  ,   "  Tali  Epifiopo  «Mat.  r«is« 
 0*tali  capitulo ,  Vniverfitas  eorum  qui  magisvoluntmo-  ?i7'^y^''^' 
 riquamaKotuMus  eonfundty  &c.    Which  the  Popes, 
 by  wifdomc  ,    and  joyning  the  Rcgall  auftority  with 
 their  rpirituall,  found  means  to  bring  to  nought;   and 
 purfuing  the  Papali  intercft  without  regarding  what 
 had  pad  from  them ,  gave  the  Kingdomc   occafion 
 1241.  to  *  obfervc  ,  that  in  onely  three  years  Othohad  ^Mat.Pana 
 remained  Lc<i;at  here  ,    he  bellowed  more  then  300.  -^*'"^l'^^t* 
 ipintuali  promotions  ,  ad  (nam  vtl  Pap£  vcluntatem-^  e^f. 
 thePopehaving  y  contracted  (as  the  report  went)  with  j  ^<^^*» '^"^^^* 
 the  Romans  y  to  conferto  none  but  their  Children  and  ^V  '^''^^^^^ 
 Allies  the  rich  benefices  here  ,  efpccially  of  Keligious 
 
 1  a  houfcsjp 
 
62         An  Hijlortcdl  Fmdicdtm  Chap.  1 1 1. 
 
 houfcs,  (as  thofe  perhaps  he  had  moft  power  over )  and 
 to  that  efFed  had  writ  to  the  Bifliops  of  Canterbury 
 and  Salisbury^  uf  trecentis  Komznis  inprimisbeneficits 
 vacantibas provider ent.  Sothatin  the  Councellat  Ltons 
 .z.ywJ  Mat.  I  245.  they  complain  of  thefe  exorbitances,  ^andfliew 
 ans^.  .7,    ^he  revenues  the /a^//^;;/ received  in  ^^^e^^^^^^^ot  to  be 
 zcxi\.  «.  17.  leiTc  then  6othoufand  marks;    of  which  more^  here- 
 after; and  in  the  year  following  1246.  reiterated  their 
 ;  Mar.Pjris    griefs  to  Innoccntius  4^"-'  ^  quod  Italtcus  Itdicofuuedit. 
 1^1^^^^,^,      Which  yet  was  with  little  facceffe :  for  the  Popes  ha- 
 ving (as  we  have  heard)  firft  fettled  all  eledions  in  the 
 Ecclcfiafticks,   and  after  upon  feverall  occafions,  on 
 the  fubmitting  of  the  Englijh  to  his  defires,  beftowed 
 the  benefices  m  this  and  other  Kingdomes  on  hisde- 
 <  urd'-nxl.       pendents ,  c  /oh^  the  2  2 .  (or ,  as ^  fome  feem  to  think,  C/e- 
 295^.^ d J.  *    ^^nt  the  5 .  his  immediate  predeceflbr  )    endeavored 
 jRo»w.i6or.      the  breaking  of  eledions  by  Cathedralls   and  Con- 
 ^^K^^Tari^'  vcuts ,  rcfcrving  the  ftcc  donation  of  all  preferments  to 
 3Pv2«-37-    himfelf alone. 
 
 70.   From  whence  proceeded  the  reiterated  com- 
 plaints againft  Papall  Provifions ,  in  the  Parliaments  of 
 Edii^ard  the  s '  and  i^/f.the2.  for  thisKingdome  never 
 received  his  attempts  in  that  kind  :    to  which  purpofe 
 •  w^'Thorn    the Hiftory ^ of  7^/?;^  Z)^x^^;^/^^  is  remarkable.  TheAb- 
 f^quem%ide    ^ot  of  Sl  K^ugujlmes  dying  1346.  the  20.  £"^.3. the 
 Waifingiam    Couvcnt  by  the  Kings  leave  chofe  VV^-Kenington^^  but 
 >^mi.i574.     clement  the  6.  by  Provifion  beftowed  the  Abbacy  on 
 Thorn, i4««.  lohn  Devcm/h ,  whom  the  King  did  not  approve  of, 
 1575.  col.      y^f  came  thither  armed  with  Papall  audority.     The 
 ^ See  t' I  Hi-    Prior  and  Convent  upon  command  abfolutely  denyed 
 /f(wjv  of  Ni-    him  entrance,  ir^^rejfummonafiernin  capite dcne(7ando'^ 
 
 cholaiis    de  *-*  .  . 
 
 Spyna  rfyii;;;/^^  </jf  i^/^^yo/ St.  Auguflins  ,  and  on  his  nominxthi^  him  y  Tiiomas  Fj'ndon 
 trejer'dto  he  ^hbot  thereby  Martin  rAe  4.  who  on  the  receipt  of  t'^e  Vapall  Fulls  -t  acquainted 
 idward  the  i.  with  what  had  pa[}  at  Rome  himfelf  heingtn  England  j  yet  by  command  the 
 hottfetpai  fei-^ed  into  the  Kingi  hand ,  and  heat  the  Varliament  held  at  Adon  Burnell  faed 
 «r  400.  marks  y  pro  co  quod  He  fucrat  crcaius  in  Abbatcm,  liccntia  Domini  Regis 
 jr.iftinQcpctita,  Thorn,  Q/t  iP39>  i- C^  1934. 
 
 who 
 
'♦• 
 
 Chap.IIL  of  the  Church  of ^n^:\nd.       65 
 
 who  thereupon  returned  \.O{^vtg}!0?t.  The  bufineflc 
 lying  two  years  in  agitation  ,  the  King  in  the  end,  for 
 avovdinii  cxpences  and  other   inconveniences  ,    ^ ex  fridevarixi 
 abtmdantt  conccfstt  ut^  fi  idem  lohanncspofrciohfi^ere  Jk  ^'^y^"^^" 
 
 J  '  -'  *''•',  cot.  2117.54. 
 
 fummo  Pontifce  quod  fojjct  mutare Jtylum fuA  creat:onis  qujc  yno  tU 
 '  five  provifi07iis  ,  fctltcet  no'n  promoveri  Aibatia  pr^dicla  <i/^^»' '^^'^r- 
 
 J  1  r      ■       A      /I    !  /    7  f(rt  prmnc^t 
 
 r.itio?ie  do7i/itio'ais  vcl  provi(ionis  Apojtolux  y  Jedr.it tone  adHifi.deqnx 
 elecfio-ais  capauU  hujus  loci ,   ilLi  vtce annucret  ^   &  Jkis  He a^im tsU 
 temporalibus  gaudcre  permitterct:  fedquidem  hujufmodi  '^^^* 
 c.ttift  cor  Am  ipfo  fummo  Ponttfice  propojiia  ,   co?icludendo 
 dixit  y  ft'  rndle  cede  re  Pontifiaoy    quamfnum  decretum  ta- 
 liter  revocare  y  6cc.   Which  (oafllided  the  poor  man,  as 
 the  grief  killed  him  on  .5^/.   John  Bapttjis  Eve  1548, 
 without  ever  entring  the  Abby;  and  the  difpure  ftill  con- 
 tinuing, the  Pope  1349.  wrote  rothcKing,.^7\{>^d»A'  p  Hen. 
 impediret  y  dut  impedtri  permitteret  promotos  a  curia  per  ^'^'gh^of^^ 
 hulLxs  acceptare  heneficia  fihi  talitcr  incumhe7ttia.      To  49, 
 which  his  Ma7  anfwer'd,   J^odKex  bene ac^eptaret pro- 
 nj'ifos  clericos  qui  effcut  bond  co/idttionis  y  &  qui  digni  ef- 
 fdnt  promoveri ,  dr  nlios  nor^. 
 
 71.    But  the  year  following  13  $0.  the  25.  Ed.  5.  the 
 ^Commons  meeting  in  Parliament  complain  with  great  *^  K^^  T^^ri.. 
 rcfentmentof  thefe  Papall  grants,  flicwing  the  Court  i.'tv.T 
 oi  Rome  hadreferved  to  it  felf  both  the  collation  of  Ab-  n.i^ySte  the- 
 beys.  Priories,  e^r.  asoflatc  incencrallail  thcdi2;nitics  *""'^'o/r/;f 
 
 J      '  '  i-7  c?  petition^  cdo,^. 
 
 of  ir";/^/^;?^/,  and  Prebends  in  Cathedrall Churches,  &c.  „.  15,     ** 
 Upon  which  the  ftatu-tc  of  Provifors  was  in  that  Parlia- 
 ment enaded;  which  was  the  leader  to  thofe  other  fta- 
 tutes,  27,  and  ?  S.^^.  3.1  T1>C48.£^.3. 13  74. the  treaty  iWalfingiy/E. 
 between  Ed.  the  3.  and  Gregory  the  xi,  was  concluded  \il\^''^' 
 after  two  years  agitation ,    wherein  it  was  exprcflely  Kot.  v,irL 
 agreed  ,    quod  Papa  de  cetero  rcfervatiornbus-  beneficio-  ]_J^--^>^^^ 
 rum  mtmme  uteretur y   &c.    Notwithftanding  which,  u,i.i\%-j,\%^[ 
 the  Commons  the  next  Parliament  prefer'd  a  petition ,  k  KJ^  patL 
 ffitewing  kail  the  benefices  of  £w^//?;.^V  would  not  fuffice  *'°'  ^'^'  ^*  *^*- 
 ihcCardiualls  tlicninbcingj  the  *  Pope  having  by  the  ^Cf/^w^^r^ 
 
 addl- 
 
64-  AnHtjloriccill  Vindication  Chap,  IIL 
 
 addition  of  xir.  new  ones  raifed  the  number  to  xxx. 
 which  was  iifiially  nor  above  xii.  inall;  and  therefore 
 thcydcfn-cirmay  be  ordained  and  proclaimed  ,  that  nei- 
 ther the  Pope  nor  Cardinalls  have  any  Procurator  or 
 Collector  in  EngUKd,  fur  peine  de  vie  &  dcmemhrc^  &c. 
 ,  Yet  the  inconveniences  ftill  continuiniz; ,  3 .  Ric.z.  pro- 
 
 4:/.*3.  fxic.  <-^^ced  that  ^  flatute  is  in  the  print :  1  fliallnot  here  re- 
 z.cx^.ii.       peat  otherwiie  ,  then  that  the  Commons  in  the  Roll, 
 ieem  to  lay  the  beginning  of  thcle  exceflcs  no  higher 
 then  C/emennhc  5. 
 
 7z.  By  thefe  arts, degrees  and  acceffionSjthc  Church 
 of  Rome  grew  by  little  and  little  to  that  immcnfcnetTe 
 of  opinion  and  power  it  had  in  our  nation  5    which 
 might  in  (bme  meafurc  (whilft  it  was  excrcifed  by  con- 
 nivence onely ,  upon  the  good  correfpondency  the 
 Papacy  held  with  our  Kings  and  Church,)  be  tolerated, 
 and  the  Kingdomc  at  any  time  by  good  Lawcs  rcdreflc 
 the  inconveniences  it  fufteined.     But  that  which  hath 
 made  the  difputes  never  to  be  ended  ,  the  parties  not 
 to  be  reconciled ,  is  an  affirmation  that  Chrijl  com- 
 manding Peter  to  feed  his  flieep ,  did  with  that  give 
 himfoabfoluteapowerin  the  Church,  (and  derived  the 
 like  to  his  fucceffors  Bifliops  of  Rome ,)    as  without 
 hisaflentno  particular  Church  or  Kingdome  could  re- 
 form it  felf ;  and  for  that  he  as  a  Bifliop  cannot  be  denied 
 to  have  as  much  power  as  others  from  chrijl ,  and  may 
 /  chrlfti  vi-    therefore  in  fome  fenfe  be  faid  to  be  ^  Chrifts  Vicar,to  ap- 
 tcs'fumqur  P'^opriatc  it  onely  to  the  Pope ,  and  draw  thence  a  con- 
 vict Chnfti  clufion  that  jure  divi.io  he  might  and  did  command  in 
 legatione       ^\\  particulars  Vice  chrifii,Knd  though  no  other  Church 
 EccTcfia.  Eu-  in  the  Chriftian  W  orld  doth  agree  with  the  Romarnw 
 fcbiip-p*  £-  this  interpretation;  though  Hillorians  of  unqueftioned 
 rowJ// Eic-    fincerity  have  ,  as  wehave(  infome  mcafure)  heard, 
 
 ftum  a  Frairibus  Chrifti  Vicarinm  fufcipiant  >  (jcil.in  j^hhatem:)  H^dcnfium  leges  ah 
 tdgarocap.  i  s-Concil.  Spclm.  p(<g.4.}0.quis  locu?  potcrit  efTc  tutus  ,  fi  rabies  fan<fla  fanfto- 
 lumcrucntat?  S)cVi carlo sChuHi,  alumnos  Ecclefias  dilnccrat  f  £//'/?.  W^.S^nonoffis^apHd 
 
 in 
 
Chap.  III.  ojthc  Oounh  (j/England.      65 
 
 in  their  own  aiics  dciivcr'd  wlicn  andiiowtlu-fcaddi- 
 rions  crept  in,  and  by  what  oppolitionsga-incd;  that  olil 
 Princes  have,  with  th'  advilc  of  the  Lay  and  Clergy, 
 ever  here  moderated  th' exorbitances  of  the  Papacy  in 
 fonie  particular  or  otlier,  and  likcwifc reformed  this 
 Church-  though  the  ftipulations  between  our  Kings 
 and  ^^ornc  have  not  been  perpetuall ,  but  temporary,  not 
 abfolutc  ,  but  conditional!  ,  as  is  to  be  fecninthatpaft     ^ 
 
 1  /  r        1  J  I  •  fwGervas. 
 
 between  AUx,tndcr  the  3 .  and//^;^.  the  2.  ^'/-^.  ^juravit  Dorobern, 
 quod  .lb  Wz^2i\\^\.o  ftimmo^o7itifice  ^  &  abCathoUcis  ejus  f!5;.i42i,  18. 
 fuccejjoribus  non  rcccderet  ^  quamdiu  tfjum  ficut  Rege'/u  .o°!\  i. 
 Cttholicum  habucrint  ;   that  the  Engltfh  BiHiops  being  ^/wnzz. 
 excommunicated  by  the  Pope"  migrht  not  take  an  oath  «^oia"  sa- 
 of  obedience  to  his  commands  ,   quta  regnt  confuetti-  279.  p  ^s^ 
 dtnes  impugnabai  ,  though  he  did  never  exercife  any 
 authority  here,  but  according  to  fuchftipulations  ,con- 
 tradls  and  agreements  with  our  Princes,  as  theLawes 
 permitted;   and  therefore  when  he  fent  hither  a  Lcgat 
 a  Latere,  .*.  he  Ivas  tretydlt>tth  or  he  cam  tnto  thelond^  rw^u!^^^^' 
 li'hofthefcholdhaveexcrctfcofhispolver,  and  ho"^  myche  -^ux  qlsjlx^. 
 Jchold  bee  put  in  execution  :  Anaventure  after  he  hadbee  79. 
 refeyved  ,   he  'yvhold  have  ufed'it  to  largely  ,  to  greet  op- 
 predion  of  your  peple,  &c.   as  the  Archbifliop  wrote  to 
 Hen.  5 .  as  I  have  file  wed  numb.  5  r. 
 
 73 .  Thoui^h  the  Lawyers oftheKin";dome do ° con-  ^^^^v^^' 
 (lanrly  affirm  ,  as  theLawand  Cuftomeof  the  Realm  ,  mcnt,4,t?^io. 
 the  Kings  Courts  never  to  have  carried  regard  to  any 
 forraign  excommunication  ,  and  if  any  fuch  came  from 
 Rome,   P  notto  bcputin  execution  ,  but  byallowance  ^,J?^'^?' 
 firft  had:  to  which  cffedlit  isremcmbred  ,the  Bifliops  rs4!bi23! 
 oi London  and  IS^rlvich  having  publifh't  in  their  Dio- 
 cefesthe  Popes  excommunication  ot  Hugh  Eail  (as  it 
 icems)  oichcjler,  without  the  privity  of //f;;.  the  2. 
 or  his  Chtcf  lujticiar ,  the  Kings  writ  ifliied  out  in  this 
 manner;   ^  Londonienfis  &  Norwicenfis  Epifcopi  fint  ^^^'  ''"'"?*• 
 tnmtfcricordia  Regis  ,   ^fumrnor-eanturpcrVicecimites 
 
 K  & 
 
66        <tSiHiJloricallFindicatwn  Chap.III. 
 
 tronm.  Ho-    (^  Bedellos,  tit  Cmt '  contra  lusJidas  Reiis  ,  ad  rulum  fa- 
 
 i'le-fidum  Regi  (y  lufiiats  ejus  deeo  quod  ^  contrajtatutx  dc 
 
 Clarcndonc  ,  tntcrdixerunt  ex  mandato  Papx  terramco- 
 
 mitis  Hugonis ,    &  excommnmcationcm  quam  Bominus 
 
 Papa  in  tpfum  fecerat  per  fuas  parochias  divu!gaveru?it 
 
 ipa  ic-    -  fi^^ltcentiarcgis.  This  however  contraded  in //^^z^^^^f;^ 
 
 1 165.  and  in  rp,2r/j   i  164.  yet  the  difference  is  fuch  as 
 
 ^  ni^ydeferve a  remembrance.  Itfeemsto  mc,  what  our 
 
 cJlnd^^lii  Kings  claimed,  not  to  be  altogethei*  unlike  the'^^:^- 
 
 T«  s^o.  prf^,     quatur  oi NApksyOh^ziv^d,  tothisday  inthatKingdome^ 
 
 ioo7«  8V0.     i^otwithftanding  all  contefts  from  Rome. 
 
 Romaiszj.        74.    Neither  did  the  Crown  ever  relinquifli    this 
 
 ^.A'^y^^^    light ,  not  at  the  peace  after  Beckets  death ,  vvhen"//r;^ 
 
 Hijt.  lib. 19.  •  ^  .*  .  .  „  .. 
 
 pa^.iijiW,  O'  fhe2.  affcnted  to  quit  no  other  ihcwConfuetudmes 
 
 wGcr.Doro-  qii£  intYoduct^  f Ant  tempore fuo-^   which  it  is  manifeft  this 
 
 ctn.col.        ^y^^  j^Qj.  ^  ^^  appcats  b\^  Eadmerus.  It  is  farther  obferv- 
 
 xpag.6.         able,  that  by  the  common  Laws  (that  is  Ythe   com- 
 y  2.//.4.  ^f-  ^iQ^  Cuftome  of  this  Realm)  the  *  fentence  of  the 
 A'^p'irz!        Archbifliop  is  valid  in  England,  and  to  be  allowed  in 
 *  3  !.£</.  3.     the  Kings  Courts,  though  controuled  by  the  Pope;  and 
 f.l^'"!T^"     ^Q  ft<^w  our  Princes  had  no  regard  to  anything  of  this 
 nature  from  thence, other  thenfuch  a  complying  with 
 a  reverend  Prelat  as  I  have  forniierly  mentioned  did  ad- 
 ^  FroifTard.    niit ,  it  may  not  here  be  unfitly  inferted  what  ?  Froijfard 
 ^^g!$l%il*  writes  of  ^^Ti^j/r^ the  third  ,  with  whom  xhz  Flemings 
 joynedagainftthe  French-^  upon  which, (but  I  (hall de- 
 liver it  in  his  own  words  )   Cy^donc  le  Roy  de  Frances'  en 
 Bmedi^us     iompUtgnit  ati  Pape "  Clement  fixieme,  quigett/i  une  fen- 
 Mcicrus  ^»-  ^(^^^^  d' cxcommuniemcfit  fihorihle  y  quihi'eftoitnulprcjlre 
 nalFlandr.     qui  ofi/l  celebrer  le  divin  Jervice  :  De  quoy  Ics  Flamens 
 ii/^iVi  t°      en>vojcre?itgrmde  compUinte  ^^i^^Ty^'Englcterre  ;  lequel 
 pour  les  appxlfer  t  leur  7nxndii  y  que  Uprtmierefots  quil 
 rappa(Jeroit  U  mer  ,  //  leur  ammeneroit  dcs  Preftres  dcfon 
 pais quileur chant eroient UCAtcfsc y  voufijlle  Papeou  7ion 
 ar  il  ejloit  hien  privilcgU  de  cefxire :  &  par  ce  moyen  sap- 
 faiftrent  les  Flamens ,  &c.   As  for  the  priviledgc  here 
 
 fpoken 
 
Chap.  III.   o/^/;^  6^ /W^  ^/England,      (yj 
 
 fpokcii  of,  that  can  be  no  other  then  the  obligation  all 
 Kings  owe  unto  God  ,  tbi*  feeing  his  word  finccrely 
 taught  them  live  under  their  protection  ,  withoutthc 
 difturbanccof  any. 
 
 75.  In  which  kind  ours  have  been  fo  far  from  yield- 
 ding  obedience  to  thePapall  attenipts,  as  Edivir(i\\\z 
 lirll  could  not  be  induced  to  (pare  the  life  of  one  brought 
 a  ^  Bull  ftom  the  Pope  ,  might  have  made  lomc  diftur-  ^  Afife  10^. 
 bance  ,  but  by  his  abjuring  the  Realm  5   as  his  grand-  ^^-^-'^  ^^• 
 child  Edlvard  the  3.  did  ^  caufe  fome  to  fuffcr  for  the  ^Walfing- 
 lamc  otfence.  And  onoccafions  ourKini^shavcprohi-  ^'^"^  ^"^'; 
 biredall  entercouilc  wxihRomc-^  c denied  their Biinops  p.,^.it.s>4S. 
 going  thither  fo  much  as  for  confirmation ,  but  the  Me-  ^  vue  iio- 
 tropolitans,  if  need  were,  fliould  by  the  Kings  writ  be  ]^^:^ 
 charged  to  confirm  them  5  ^  commanded  their  fub-  Kct.Vdrl.i6. 
 jcclsnotto  rely  on  any  fhould  come  from  thence  ,  af-  ^'^'^^^''•>j'"'[- 
 
 '  J  ''  .  K.  1 1.  See  the 
 
 firming,  quodin  regnum  no/irum  nee  propter  negotiu??i  c),h.\.  n.-^y, 
 7io(lruin  nee  z'efirun/  ulUtenus  intrahit  ad  t  err  am  uojlrarri'  ^  Gcrvas.Do- 
 de/truendam.\Q\.  notwithltanding  lo  notorious  a  truth,   15.2,51. 
 back't  with  (b  many  circumftances ,  grounded  upon  un- 
 quellioncd  monuments  of  antiquity,  hath  not  been 
 received  5  but  the  bare  atRrmation ,  Chrtfi  by  pafce  oves 
 yneas  intended  Peter ,  and  by  confequencc  the  Pope  ,  to 
 be  thegenerall  Paftorofthe  world,   and  the  meaning 
 of  thofe  words  to  be ,  that  he  fhould  ^  rcgio  more  impe-  ^ Bellarm. 
 rare^  hath  fo  far  prevailed  with  fome  ,  asto  efteemthc  ^^[°tdit' in^' 
 (landmgforthe  rights  of  the  Kingdome  ,  thcLawsand  ^o/y?.iMcoS, 
 Cuftomcs  of  the  Nation  ,   to  be  a  departing  from  the 
 Church  Catholick;   and  to  cfteemnolefle  then  Here- 
 ticks    thofe  5   who  defending  that  which  is  their  own 
 from  th'  invafion  of  another ,  will  notfutt'er  thcmfelves 
 to  be  led  hood-winkr,  to  think  the  prefervation  of  their 
 proper  liberty  is  a  leaving  chrtjl ,  his  Church,  or  the 
 Catholick  faith. 
 
 76.  1  dare  boldly  fay  ,  whoever  will  without  partiality 
 look  back,  fli.ill  find  the  reverence  yielded  from  this 
 
 K  2  Churv^h 
 
(58  An  Hijloricall  nndication  Chap.  1 1 1. 
 
 CliLU'ch  lo^ome  for  more  then  a  thoufaiid  years  afccr 
 Chrtfi,  to  have  been  no  other  then  the  refped  of  love  , 
 not  of  duty,   and  ^o^Qsx:2ii\\Q,x^io  confute  re  ih^n  imp  e- 
 fTzcit.de      rare,   their  diclats  to  have  b:en  of  the  lame  nature )  ihe 
 morihtisGer'     Q^^^^^^^^^  Princes  Were  of  old ,  aiiclontate  fiiade?7di  marris 
 Lanfranci  £-  cj^H.tm jubendi  fotejtate  y   never  requiring  a  necclTity  of 
 pj/?.«,  p.jov  obedience  ^c;/(?^«/;;^  that  they  came  fi'om /?^w^,  butfor 
 that  they  were  juQ:  and  reafonable;  neither  did  the  Pope 
 fend  any  Agent  hither  to  ice  them  put  in  execution  ;  but 
 th'  Archbifliop  ,  accordingto  the exigentof  times,  re- 
 ceiving his  wholefome  advifes ,  caufcd  fuch  as  he  held 
 of  them  did  conduce  to  the  good  of  the  E-rJ^lffJj  Chmch 
 ^'RcdihhA'    to  be  obferved.   So  T/^^^^^t?/-^  5  received thofe  of  Pope 
 ^'*?, '  J*  .        LMiirtifZ ,  but/;  d  i  d  n o  1 1 h  e  m  c  o  n  c e  r n  i  n  2;  H^///5'^^,  fro  m 
 /flf\  i5o,e^r.   Agathjo,    When  K^lexander  the  2.  had  exempted  the 
 Wide  Ead-    i  Abbot  o{  St.  Edryiu7ids-htiry  from  the  juritdiclion  of 
 mer.  pj^^.62,    ^|^^  BifliOD  o'iNor'^ich  ,Z.r/7/;'4^i/'took  the  Act  from  the 
 
 ;6.Lantranci  j^  \  ■     r      r       r  r 
 
 itfifl. zo.^^g.    Abbot  ;   and   Gregory  the  7.1s  fo  far  from  ulingcom- 
 311-  mands  inthecaufe,  as  he  onely  carneftly  intreats  the 
 
 Archbifliop  he  would   flop  the    Bifliop    of  NorDfich 
 from  molelling  the  faid  Abbot^yet  himfelf as  it  feems  did 
 not  rcftore  the  Bull  of  immunity  to  him  during  that 
 Popes  life,  fbut  of  this  before.)  In  the  year  1070.  on  the 
 k  rioient.      Kings  defire  in  a  Councell  at  IVindfor ,  ^  Agel7ici4sV>'\([\o'f' 
 Wigorn.        o'ti\^^  South' Saxons '\s  de2;raded,andhis  Biflioprlck  con- 
 pi^. 455. c^     fer  d  on  Sttgandiis  :   t^lexj^der  the  2.  not  approving- 
 436.simDu-  what  had  pall ,  ^writestothc  King,  this  caufefeemed  to 
 /  Baron,  ro.    ^'^^^  ^^^  ad  plenum  traffata  ,    ideoquejlcut  incanonihifs- 
 II.  Mnm       cautum  eft y   m  frijllnum  locum  dchere  rejJituijudicavl' 
 \9y\.nA\,     jr^r^s\    Deindcy   caufam  ejiis  ,  juxta   c  en  fur  am  canonist 
 traditionis  diligcnter  retraciitndxm  &  difiniendam  ,  pr.t- 
 dicio  f'ratri  nojiro  Ar  chief  if copo  La?zfranco  commtfimiis  ,\x. 
 is  certain  (  howevecfome  writers  might  upon  this  or  for 
 other  caufcs  think  hisde2;radarion  to  have  been  fion  ca- 
 nomce )  thofe  times  did  nor  interpret  this  (though  writ 
 v\Mth  fo  great  carncftneflc  )  for  other  then  advife  or  in- 
 
 tcrcedlonj 
 
Chap.III .    ojthe  Church  of  England,     69 
 
 tercciTion  ,   not  asofa  pcrfon  had  an  abfolucc  powci- 
 of  commanding  in  the  bnlincllc  ;   ioc  \vc  ncvci:  read  ot' 
 any  proceedings  npon  it  ,   not  Lanjr.i?ik  at  all  ever  to 
 meddle  in  the  cafe,  that  he  ever  clleemcd  *^  Snga-^d  a  ^^^^^nfranci 
 lawtull   Bifliop   ipijl.zj,  zS.  \\ho  in  the  yeau   1075.  Sd^ll'i^A- 
 "  beinii  inaCouncellat  Loadon  ,   aceordins;  to  the  De-  "^'-r/'-'j-n- 
 crees  of  it,   removed  his  Epilcopall  Chair  i\omSt/fty  "";n/}.Tz'  7 
 to  Chichcjhr ,  of  which  he  °  died  Difliop  10S7.  without  ;y/.i  21.  b  27. 
 beini2;atali,   for  what  appears ,  queftionedordiLhirbed  ^'"-^Lanfran- 
 attertheiirllgi-ant  of  it.    Divers  examples  of  thclikc  na-  i;.r.co/.rf 
 cure  occur  too  long  tobe  repeated  ,  where  the  King  or  oF/orcnt. 
 Phis  chief  lullice  prohibit  the  Papall  precepts  from  being  ^l^^^^' 
 put  in  execution  ;  audit  is  agreed  by  Lawyers,  that  not  /)j^.449- 
 the  command,  but  the  conftant  obedience  ,  is  it  which  P  ^''^'' ^^^f- 
 denotes  arightot  commandinc!;;   and  in  calesotthis  na-  hem.  ^nn. 
 tmx  proh  bent  is  potior  cfl  condito ,  one  example  in  the  nc-  '^"^'7  ^o\. 
 gative,  ^\hen  the  thing  is  lloodupon,  being  of  more    '   "^ 
 weightthen  twenty  by  compliance  intheafHrmative. 
 
 jj.  Itisprobable,  neither  the  King  northe  Bifliops 
 would  introduce  an\'  new  matter  ofgreatconccrnnK'ut 
 into   this  Church  ,    without  the  privity  of  fo  great  a 
 Doctor  ,   Patri.u'ch  of  a  See  ,  from  which  their  auncc- 
 ftors  had  received  the  firft  principles  of  Chrtsiian^zW- 
 gion;   butitismanifeft  ,whatpafl: ,  (ifhc  were  acquain- 
 ted With  it)  was  by  their  own  auclonty  ,  not  his.   When 
 Offci  intended  the  creeling  oi  Litchfield  into  an  Arch- 
 bifiioprick  ,  he  did  it  by  a  CounccU  at  Calcuith :  Lamber- 
 ttis  (^as  what  he  approved  not)  producing  n^^^^.ty?'^//  ^  Malms,  ie 
 ApoJIolu.z  &  Vetera  &  ?20V.t  edict  a  .ig.iinft  it ,  yet  the  thing  ?f' ,  "V?  4. 
 proceeded.  Luausxhz  2  .-.went  fo  far  in  his  intentions  to  .-.Diccto 
 raire/F/^;c.6^//^rtoanArchiepircopallChair,ashcfenrthe  ^''^'^y^' 
 pallto  the  r>:fl"iop:  yet  it  being  not  approved  here  (^as  the 
 event  Oiewsj  that  Town  never  yet  hid  the  honour. 
 Henry  the  firQ:  having  in  his  f  Lawesappointed  how  a  rLe^^.  H^^.r. 
 Bijhap,  Presbjter,  Monk  ,  Deacon ,  v3cc  ihould  (uffer,com-  ^'^7 >•  P-'^- 
 aaitting  homicide,  concludes,    Si  qtus ordinal um  ccci- " 
 
 K   s  dat. 
 
70      (tJnHiHoricall  Ftndtcation  Chap.lll. 
 
 d^tyVclp)oximtimfuum  »  exeat  depatria/ua y&  Romam 
 
 adeat ,   &  Papam  ,  &  ccnfilmm  ejus  faciat ;  de  adulter lo  , 
 
 ^Uiin^Mm      ri,(;ifQYnicxttone,  ver^wm\xccnQHbitufimiLtcrpxrntcat. 
 
 Nunnne    cum  /  •    •       ur         ui  u     t^  j    •         i       rC 
 
 MS.  Lon-  Whcrcitisobicrvablc,  the  King  ordains  the  Penance, 
 don.  Scid.  c^  permits  the  delinquents  peregrination  to  R:me ,  to  re- 
 ^n^iol uTms,  ceive  from  the  Pope  i^as  from  a  great  Doctor  of  the 
 schAchar.  Churchj  fpirituall  coimfell,  which  elfcheNvasnotad- 
 t  Leg.  ym.i,  mitted  to  ieck 5  for  ^pcregrmajudicta  modis  ommhusfub- 
 c.tf.ji.p.iSy.  ^^^^;^;;^j-.  and  again,  ^  tbt  Jemper caufaagaturjubi en- 
 u  ihid.  cji^>  5  ■  we/^  admittitur. 
 
 pja.i7?,i8.         ^g^  VViiltnm  the  firft  (who  began  his  expedition  a- 
 gainft/Z^r^W  by  the  counfell  ofyi/(;Ar^^y^^rthe  z.andrc- 
 .\ingulph.      cciveda  ^  banner  from  him)  minding  the  dcpofinon  of 
 /o,.52:.a.6.  ^|,.  Archbifhop  of  C^/z/^r/'/ifr)' ,  procured  the  Pope  to 
 fend  certain  Ecclefiaftickshithertojoyn  in  the  aclion,  as 
 hkewife  foon  after  for  determining  the  qucftion  of  pre- 
 cedency between  Canterbury  and  ICork  \    upon  which 
 jyEadmer.      ^hcrc  grcw  an  Opinion,  y Archiepifcopum  Cantuarien- 
 Jem  ^  nuUo  hommum  ,   ntji  a,joLo  Papa ,  juaicari  pojje  vel 
 dxmnan  ,  nee  ab aliquo  cogi  pro  quavis  calumnia  cuiquam., 
 €0  excepto  ,  contra  fa  umvelle  rcfpondcre.   This  no  doubt 
 was  promoted  by  th' Archbifliops,  as  what  exempted 
 them  from  all  home  jurifdidion ,  the  Bifiiops  in  gene- 
 rail  did  after  think  in  fome  fort  to  introduce;  and  there- 
 zP^o/.P.rr/.    upon  put  in  this  petition  in  Parliament  2  3  S.  Ed.  3 .  qe 
 ^^-  ^  ■  I-      pleife  a  Roy,  e?^  maintenance  deLeHat  de  feint  EfzL'fe  ^ 
 I .  dn  ckr^ie.   graunter  &  ordemer  en  cejt  Parlement,  qe  nuLErcevefque 
 ou Evefquefoit  deformez,,  arreynez>,  ne  empefi.he7de vaunt 
 fes  lujltces ,  en  caufe  criminele  ,  par  quccanque  voyc  ,  deji 
 come  fur  tiele  caufe  nulle  alme  ne  Ics  poet  juger ,  fi  nou?z  le 
 Papefeulement.  Butto  this  the  anfweris  no  other  then,// 
 efl  avis ,  qe  en  caufe  de  crime ,  nulErcevcfque  ou  Evefque 
 foit  empefcbe  devant  les luflices ^  file  Roy  ne  le  commande 
 4  WalJmg.      efpectalment  tant  qe  autre  remediefoit  ordeinez, :  which  he 
 f^tfl.^nn.      did  like  wife  confirm  by  Charter  there  reaiftred,  and  as 
 I.  ^  Walfmghamhzxh  trulyrecorded. 
 
 79.  This 
 
Chap.IIL    of  the  C/mrcb  of  England.    7i 
 
 79.   This  opinion  ,   thouQ;h  ^  new  to  the  Engli/h  ,  ^^roumn  in- 
 qucthonlclle  incouragcd  ^^nlcLnu  to  oppolcclic  Kmg  quoifnusfion 
 in  many  particulars,  and   Popes  to  go  farther 5   as  to  immxd-vene- 
 ciaini  Princes  fliould  not  confer  Invelliciires ,  nordc-  '"!!^\  ^V.r 
 fine  matters  of  Epifcopacy,   6cc.  then  to  beftow  prefer- 
 ments within  this  Kingdomc,    atfirftby  confent ,  and 
 wuhthc  hmitation  no //*///^;;  to  fuccecd  another ,  then 
 to  relerve  to  themfelvcs  the  collation  of  all  benefices; 
 of  which  before.    To  conclude  this;  whofoever  will 
 without  prejudice  weigh  the  reformation  o( E?igla}idby 
 Hen.  the  3.  Edward  the  6.  and  more  efpecially  Queen 
 Ehz.tbeth  m  the  point  of  fuptemacy  ,  mud  grant  thefc 
 Princes  did  not  aOume  to  thcmfeives  any  thing  ,  but 
 fuch  particulars  as  the  Court  oi  Rome  had  in  a  longfe- 
 ries  of  timeincroachedin  on  the  Crown  and  Englijh 
 Church.  If  at  any  time  our  aunccftors  ftyled  the  Pope 
 Frmcej^s  Epifcoporum ,  it  was  in  no  other  fenfe  then  they 
 did  ^St. Peter  Prmceps  K^poftolorum  ;    by  which  what 
 principality  they  intended  him  ,  we  cannot  better  un- 
 derhand then  bv  the  Saxon  ,  who  renders  it   'SalhOD  ^^^^"^^  f-'^''"* 
 Oajia  Apoitoia^  theEldcrof  the  Apoftlcs.   If  they  ^(>\\-iib.2. 
 called  him/^c.f/r(?ror  Viarius  P^/;/^they  were  not  alone  Jf  ^^-  '^^• 
 appropriated  to  him  ,  tor  ^  Petrus  Blejenfis  and  others  p.  joz.  c?-  it- 
 give  the  Bifbop  of  Torkx\\z  fametitles;   and  theBifli.  ^|^'- 
 oiBath.,  who  had  a  Church  dedicated  to  J^/.  P^/^r,  he  i+f  k/j/'* 
 bids  remember  ^«/4  Petri  Vicar itis  cjiis .   So  did  they  like-  Stub';  de 
 wife  in  fome  fenfe  call  Kings^Chrifts  Vicars,as  well  asBi-  f,l^l'f!^i^^ 
 fhops.  If  at  any  timethcygavcthe  Pope  thetitlcof /head  drcdo  coL 
 of  the  Church,  it  was,  as  bcin^thcfirftBifliop  ,  he  was  ^^os.  37. 
 held  to  be ,  as  St.  BernardtzW^  us ,  Ztjihcneficnmatufim  ;  v;Wf/;</>r!  V2. 
 as  they  /,  termed  Oxford  the  fount. tm  a-ad  mother  of  our  ''  7-- 
 Chrtjlian faith.  I  cannot  therefore  butwifiia  ""  late  wri-  ^,cof;Mowr 
 
 f.j/>.i7.Scl- 
 deniN'or.e^^  Eadmcr.  f  .M5,i  2,©*^.  fKo^^ar/.  dtChcefl.  n.jl.in  mnmiHii  lihris  im' 
 frefiiicitp.6^c^  J.    ^\]cTnajd.  de  corfiderAtione  lih.i.  cjp.y    h  Kot.Varl.    i . //rw.  6,  f;.4  5 
 *'Pni]ip  Scot  his  treatifeof  Sc'^ifnte,  ^ .165, 
 
 tcr> 
 
y2         AnHiJloricall  Vuidication  Chap.  III. 
 
 tcr,  that  faycs  EtigUnd  had  a  knolvn  fuhjecfion  to  Rome 
 ack?jolpUdgcd  cz'en  hy  our  Lali^s ,  ever  frci^i  the  convcr- 
 Jionof  cur  Countrj  uy.dcr  St.  Gregory  ^  had  cxprcffcd  in 
 wharparticularstliatfubjecliondid  confift  ,  whatthole 
 Laws  are,  and  where  to  be  found.   The  truth  is,as  there 
 isnodoubtour  Auaceftors  informer  times  would  not 
 *•■  3^  ^'\^  ^^^  have  jovned  with  the  Svnod  of  Gnp  ,  in  caufing  {o  ' :  dil- 
 maintain       putable  ambiguous  a  queftion  as  that  the  Pope  is  K^4n- 
 that  the       tichr.Jl  to  have  been  taught  as  the  faith  of  the  Fj;gi/jh 
 uchrlft%ro-  Church ;   fo   there  is  uo  qucftiou ,  biit  it  hath  bccH  evet 
 fciTing  my     the  T'tv/f/ ot  it ,   Po'fitificcm  Romanurn  major  cm  aliqu.'ir^i 
 wcakncfs  ^  junf^i^io'aem  noti  habere  fihi  k  Deo   colLitam  t'^  Sacra 
 
 Ignorance  ot  J       J  ^  a        i 
 
 ihofc  pro-     Scnpturatn  hocregno  Kvi^^^xzi,  qitam  aimm  quenrcis  ex- 
 phcticail        ternum Eptfcopum:  whichour .-.Hiftoriansdo  mention 
 
 Scripturesto  i  iir  i  n--  r^i 
 
 beioareat,  ^^    What    proceeded    from  the  conltitutions  ot  the 
 
 that  1  dare  Church  and  affentof  Emperors,   not  as  of  a  thing  in  it 
 
 dent^'n°my"  ^^"^^ J^ris  divim  :  infomuchas, 
 
 interpreta-  8o.   That  ptopofitiou ,  ^  whcn  it  was  propounded 
 
 Tions  of  ^  r^^^  ^-j  H^'^yy  thc  8^'^^  tiuicin  convocation  ,  all  the 
 
 his  chrtll  ^n  Bilhops  Without  exception ,   (and  of  others  onely  one 
 
 concoYds  Ex-  doubted  ,  and  four  placed  all  Ecclefiaftick  power  in  the 
 
 ^^'iy!^l^T  ^^P^')  both  the  Univerfities ,  andmoftof  the  Mona- 
 !^««.^C7.W'  fteriesand  Collcgiat  Churches  of  f?^^/^/^^,  approved  & 
 6o3.  co/.43  7>  avow^ed  as  the  undoubted  opinion  of  the  Church  of  this 
 lAntiqtiu.Bri'  Natiou  in  all  ages.  Ncithet  can  1  fee  how  it  can  be  o- 
 ttn.Eccief.  thetwifc:  for  if  thc  Church  of  Canterbury  ^  were  ommum 
 ^edu^'' London,  ^oji'^^tim  mater  communis  fub  fponfi  jui  lefu  ^hrifli  dijpofi- 
 1 573.  tione ,  if  it  were  C^fater  ommum  Anglicanarum  Ecclejia- 
 
 ^^Ger.Doro-  ^^^  ^  &  fuo  foli  Deurn  froj)rto  Utatur  fajlorc -^  that  is,  if 
 \(q\,z\-  th'  Archblfliop  had  no  mediate  fpirituall  fuperior  but 
 ci}/.i6t5>6o,  chriJl^God'^  ifthepower  the  Pope  exercifed  over  him 
 1  Ep//?.  iia-  within  this  Realm  were  ^volu-ttate  &  bcne^cio  ,  gained, 
 duiph.^rcfci-  as  Ihavefliewed^by  little  belittle,  voluntarily lubmitted 
 eptfccuixioz-  m-^t^Q     it  could  be  no  other  then ///r^/?//;;;^/^^:  and  then 
 
 (01.  ij^O.lt  •' 
 
 it  muft  be  granted,  the  Church  of  E?2glandco\i\<i  not 
 hold  anynccclfity  of  beingin  fubjcclion  to  thc  See  or 
 
 Church 
 
Chap.III,  of  the  Church  of  ^nghnd.      73 
 
 C\\md\  oi  Rome  jure  divwo'^   as  it  is  manifcil  they  did 
 not,  in  that  they  ^  fomctimcsacknow  Icdcd  no  Pope,  wEadmcr. 
 "  otherwhilcs  fhcwcd  an  intent  of  departing  from  his  ^'*Ma/p^°is 
 union,  and  the  Bifliops  aswellas  Lay  Lords  adviied  akhaio-^. 
 i^nfeLm^  °  Vrhxni  obedie?itidm  /ibijccre  ^  fubje^iiotiis  ju-  f^Z-'^^i^^v 
 fTumexcutcre^  5cc.    Neither  could  the  Church  of  ^^/^-  ride  Fp'f}. 
 Und  be  anyway  pofllblc  guilty  of  Schifm  ,  adhering  to  OMhan  un- 
 thcu*  Ghoftly  Superior  next  and  immediate  under  Chr/Jl  a'^^Hovc- ' 
 
 lff(4S.  *  den. /o/. 2 8 8, 
 
 As  for  the  temporall  profits  the  Court  of  Rome  re-  \]'^^^"^^' 
 ccivedhence,  though  thedenyingthem  can  be  no  juft  oEadmcr. 
 caufe  of  fucha  fpirituall  imputation,  efpeciallyonpn-  P--*>-5- 
 vatmcnj  yctccrtainly  who  will  cxamin  their  beginning, 
 as  he  fliall  find  it  to  have  been  by  the  bounty  orpermif- 
 lion  ofour  Princes,  fouponfearchhe  will  perceive  the 
 Kingdomc  went  no  farther  then  the  Common  Law,  the 
 precedent  of  former  times,  and  fuch  an  exigency  did 
 force  them  to :  of  which  therefore  I  (hall  adde  a  word 
 or  two. 
 
 Chap. 
 
 *r 
 
74       J/iHi/loricali  FmMcmon    ChapJV 
 
 Chap.      IV. 
 
 O/the  Payments  to  the  Tapacy 
 
 from  E)}gUnd. 
 
 Hevaft  fummes  the  Court  o( Rome d'ldol 
 late  years  upon  fcv^crall  occafions  export 
 out  of  this  Kingdomc  ,  mentioned  in  the 
 zis.uen.^'  <^<^r^^^  aftatuteofthezs.  Hen.  the  8.  are  fpoken 
 Va^hI  Mat.  of  by  fcvcrall  of  our  writers:  and  though  fome^have 
 ratis^f//?.  in  generall  exprefled  how  much  the  Nation  fuffer'd  in 
 uniyerfiut.  ^{^^^  ^iqcI  ;  yet  noue,  that  I  l^now,  ni  one  trad  did  ever 
 , 24Y/p. (sg".  fliew  by  what  degrees  the  Papacy  gained fo  great  a re- 
 3«»  venue,  as  the  Commons  in  £^ii?/fr^the  thirds  dayes  had 
 
 c  not  Txrl  c^^^^c  ^o  complain,  it  did  turn  ^  ^flus grand dejlru^ ion  di4 
 f  34v.*r«ri/f.  Royaume  qc  toute  la  guerre  nojlre  Seigneur  le  Roy.  I  have 
 25-E'ij*  thoughtthereforethat  it  will  not  be  amiffeto  fetdown  , 
 l'ereaftlrn.i$.  how  the  Popecameto  have  fo  great  aninfluence  over 
 the  treaflire  of  the  Clergy  in  this  Land,  by  feeking  out 
 how  and  when  the  greateft  of  the  paiments  made  to  him 
 began, what  interruptions  or  oppofitions  were  met  with, 
 either  at  the  beginning  or  in  the  continuance  of  them. 
 d  vide  Epifi.  2 .  The  firft  payment,  that  I  have  read  of,  which  gave 
 W"'.! .  apnd  the  Pope  an  entrance  as  it  were  in  to  it ,  was  that  bounty 
 AnnAC7*9.^  of  our  Priuccs  known  to  this  day  by  the  name  of  P^/^r- 
 ivtcr  Lan-  Pence :  and  this  as  it  was  given  for  an  ^  Almesby  our ' 
 cE^^f^^Hen-  "^^^S^  >  ^^  was  it  uo othcrwifc rcccivcd  by  thc Court  of 
 rico  I.  apud  Romcj  ^ Elcemefyna  heati  Petri,  prout  audivimus <,  ita 
 Eadmcr.  per  per  am  dotofeoiue  colleclaeH  ,  ut  ncque  n-icdiam  ejus  par- 
 ffiifljibj.  tern  haffenus  Ecclejia  Romanafufceperu ,  faith  Pafchalis 
 p  «9i  40  >  4s-  the  2 .  So  that  no  qucftion  ^  Polidorc  Virgil  very  inconfi- 
 LanfcanciE-  dcratcly  tcrmcs  it  wJ?/^4jL  and  others,  who  by  that  gift 
 fifiy-  p?47.  contend  the  Kingdomc  Decamc  ^  trihutar  turn  feudal  a- 
 co/.2.d.  nam  S'^-  Pctro  ejufaue fucccfforil/us  :    for  thou2,h  the 
 
 /«/.iio.b.2.5.  word  /;'/t'////<^;?'; may  perhaps  be  met  with  meldcr^^  wri- 
 ters, 
 
Chap.IV.  of  the  Qmrch  ^England.     75 
 
 tens,  yet  never  did  any  undcrftand  the  Pope  by  it  to  be- 
 come a  Superior  Lord  of  the  Lay  fee,  but  ufcd  the  word 
 metaphorically;  as  we  do  to  this  daytermea  conftant 
 rent  a  kind  of  tribnte  ,  and  to  thofe  who  pay  it,  and  over 
 whom  we  have  in  fome  fort  a  command ,  we  give  the 
 title  of  fubjCiffs ;  not  as  being  Prmces  over  them  ,  but 
 in  that  particular  being  under  us ,  they  are  for  it  ftyled 
 our  inferiors. 
 
 3.  What  i'^A;^?^  King  firft  conferred  them,  whether 
 
 I-nx,  :3iS^Ranulphtis  C£/?r^////V  fay cs  report  carryed,   ot'Jy^^^^^^^^^"^^' 
 Ojfx  ,  as  ^  lorvalenjjs  ,  I  will  not  here  enquire,  as  not  XffBromptoa 
 greatly  materiall.  i  Polidore  Virgil  tells,  fome  write  coi.ioi.zi. 
 Ethelyvo/phus continucdii:  with  "whom  B romp fo^^  kcms  [Lty'Jl  p.s^,' 
 to  concur.  It  is  true,  our  Hiftorians  remember  he  caufed  44. 
 »»  300.  mancufis  denariortim  (^  CMalmsbury  renders  it  ^^  °[^"^* 
 trecentas  aun  marcas  (which  was  ten  times  the  value  of  Ann%s<;, 
 filver)as  ^  another  tree  eat  a  talcritayo  be  carried  ev  cry  year  P"^-  ^^l:^ 
 from  hence  to  i?^w^ ;  which  could  be  no  other  then  the  neim. 
 juft   application  oi  Peter-Pence  :  for  amongft  fundry  nBeif^egibm 
 complaints    long   after    from  P  Rome  ,    we  find  the  Iqi\1'^1^^.'j 
 omiflion  of  nopaiment  inftanced  in,  but  of  that  duty  oiorvalcnfis 
 onely  ;   neither  do  the  body  of  the  Kingdome  in  their  "^  fo-^  ^7. 
 
 n  n  •  .  pThtsap- 
 
 f  Remonltrance  to  Inmcerittus  4.  1246.  mention  any  ^earesbj  the 
 other  as  due  from  hence  to  Rome.  E^Uof^A- 
 
 4.  This  therefore  thus  confcr'd  by  our  Kings,was  for  pT/^///'* 
 the  generality  continued  to  the  Papacy;   yet  ( to  fliew  ,  the  2.  hefore 
 as  it  were,  that  it  proceeded  only  from  the  liberality  of  ^'J'^' '^^'j^^^  [^  ^' 
 ourPrinces,)  not  without  fome  ftops.  Of  thofe  inthe  c^A^ud  Mat. 
 times  of/^r////^;/;  the firft  6c //<f;?ry  his  Son  lhavc»'fpoke.  ransp.fcps,. 
 He?iryi\\z  2. during  the  difpute  with  Bec/cet  SindCy^/ex-  lyap.i.n.n, 
 nnder  the  3.  commanded  the  Sheriffs  through  £;^j/^W,  cxi\.m. 
 xh2iif  Denarii  beati  Petri  coUiiaatur ,  &  ferventur,  quouf-  [-^H]"^^^' 
 
 <^  -^  /  2        -/     Pans  ^nno 
 
 que  mdeVommus  RexvoluntAtem  Jti^mfr^ceferit.  Du-  n^^.  ^loj, 
 ring  the  Reign  of  Edward  tlie3.  the  Popes  abidini^  at  45.€7'Ho- 
 K^vigno?%,m2Xi'jO\mzm  French  ,  their  partiality  to  that  ii65,j"j.2S4. 
 fide,  and  the  many  Vidories  obtained  by  tlVEnglifli  be-  b.i6. 
 
 L  2  g.u 
 
je       (t/ifi  Htjloricall Fifsdication    Chap.  iV 
 
 'o- 
 
 u  Hen.  gat  the  proverb,   ^  Ore  e^  ie  P.^pc  devenu  Fran^eis  ^  d 
 
 Knighton  j^r^  diventi  K^ndeis ,  6cc.  about  which  time  our  Hifto- 
 
 X  Caxton.  nans  obrerve,the  King  gave  command  ^  no  Peter-Pence 
 
 conmnxt.  fhould  be  gathcr'd  or  pay'd  to  Rome.  And  this  reftraint , 
 
 Vol, chronic.      .    ^  .  i      n     i  r»    •  •  rr.li 
 
 catr.i.stow     itlcems,  continued  all  that  Princes  timc;  tonRichard 
 
 J/m.136).      the  2.  hisfucccflbr  at  his  beginning  caufed   lohnWick- 
 
 '"k^^X^oxxcoI  '{^  >  efteemed  the  mod  y  knowing  man  of  thofe  times, 
 
 2664,  66.  e^-  to  confider  the  right  of  flopping  them  5  whofe  deter- 
 
 '^^^fV-       rnination  in  thatparticular yet  remains ,   cntituled  ^  Re. 
 
 liy<nmum      fpo7ifio  CMagifin  lohannis  Wicliff  ad  dtihium  infrafcri- 
 
 MS.  in  Bi-     ptum,  quafttum  ah  eoper  Bominum  Regem  Anglix  Richar- 
 
 uftilis^^rmt-'  ^^^'^ p^^^^dum  &  magnumComUiUm^  anno  regnijuipri- 
 
 chiniyfol.<,9>  mo :  then  the  queftidn  followes,  Dubium  ejl ,  utrum 
 
 b.  fo/.  2.         regHum  Anglise  poj^tt  legitime  ,  imminent e  necej^itatefu^ 
 
 defenjioms  y  thefhurtim  Regnidetiuere ,    7ie  deferatur  ad 
 
 extervs  ,  etiam  Domino  Pdpafuhpwna  cenfararum  &  vir- 
 
 tute  obediently  hoc  ^etente\   &"  relict 0  viris  peritis  quid 
 
 did  debet  in  ijia  m^eria ,  fecundum jus  canomcum.fecun- 
 
 dum  jus  Angliae  vel civile  fol'umrejlai  fuadere partem af- 
 
 firinativam  dubii ,  fecundum princtpia  legis  Chrifti :  then 
 
 flieW^s ,  thofe  paiments  being  no  other  then  Almes ,  the 
 
 Kingdome  was  not  obliged  to  continue  them  longer 
 
 then  ftood  with  its  own  convenience,  and  not  to  its 
 
 detriment  or  ruine;    agreeing  therein  with  that  of  Di- 
 
 vines  ^  extra  cafus  necejsitatis  &  Juperfluitatis  Elecmojyna 
 
 non  efi  inpr^cepto. 
 
 5.  But  in  the  Parliament  held  the  fame  year  ,  the 
 
 qucftion  was  concluded :  for  there  this  petition  being 
 
 a  Kat.  Pari,     prefer'd ,  ^  qtie  y  puijfe  ejlre  declaree  en  ceHprefent  Parle- 
 
 if^c.z.n.  4.  ^^^^f^  filacharge  ^^/^  denirSeint Pierre, ^/^/>r//^ Rome 
 
 peny  ,y?r4  leve  Aes  dues  Com'mes,&  paye  al  Collcchr  nojlre 
 
 Seint  Pere  le  Papc  on  noun  5  the  anfwer  was  ^foit  fait  come 
 
 devantadejle  ujee :  By  which  the  ufe  of  them  being  again 
 
 JWaldng.      returned,  did  fo  remain  till  Henry  theS^^^time.    Foe 
 
 Ht/?.^«no^   thoughina^councellheldatZi?;/^^?;^  140  8, it  was  treated 
 
 2,    *      '  *  de  cenfu  &  obedient ia  Pap^  fuhtrahendis  velnonjubtra- 
 
 hendts\ 
 
chap.  IV!    of  the  C^ti^'ch  o/^Eilgland-      77 
 
 hc'ridtS'^  yet  that  it  part  farther  then  words  1  have  not  ob- 
 
 fcrved.   Bat  Kino;  <^  Henry  155'  took  them  fo  ablblutc-  ^  jsy'fw.s, 
 
 «-?  y      -'  •'  T  f  .(p  .21. 
 
 ly  away,  as  though  Qnccn  /)/.trr  repealed  that  Acl ,  and 
 
 P/i:ilus  ^iarttis  dealt  carneftly  with  her  ^Agents  in  ^^'ft- Condi. 
 
 Rome  for  reftoring  the  ufe  of  them  •   yet  I  cannot  find     '^  '^'    '  *^' 
 
 they  were  ever  gather'd  ,  and  fent  thither  during  her 
 
 time;  but  where  fomcMonafteries  did  anfwer  them 
 
 to  the  Pope,  and  did  therefore  collecl  the  taxe,  that  in 
 
 procelTe  of  time  became  as  by  cuftomc  pay'd  to  that 
 
 houfej    w  hich  being  after  derived  to  the  Crown  ,  and 
 
 from  thence  by  grant  to  others ,  with  as  ample  profits  as 
 
 the  Religious  perfons  did  poffefle  them ,  I  conceive  they 
 
 are  to  this  day  pay'd  as  an  appendant  to  the  (aid  Maa- 
 
 nors,   by  ^^cwxrciZ^^Smoak-mony. 
 
 6.  Before  I  palTe  from  this,  one  thing  is  not  to  be 
 omitted:  that  however  the  Pope  had  this  as  a  due,  and 
 for  that  end  hisColleftor  did  abide  in  ^;^^^/^;^5  yet  he 
 might  not  raife  the  auncicntaccuftomed  proportion  of 
 the  Taxe  ,  nor  in  any  kind  alter  the  manner  of  taking 
 it ;  for  when  Riga^idus  from  the  Pope  endeavored  that , 
 he  was  ftreii^htly  prohibited  by  ^^iV'^rrf the  2.  The  <'Ad  ^^^^^^^ 
 itfelfisprmtcd.  inEdiv.z, 
 
 As  for  the  value  thefe  Peter-Pence  did  amount  to ,   I 
 
 have  fecn  in  an  old  MS.  belonging  to  the  Church  of 
 
 Qhtchcjler  ,  a  Bull  faid  to  be  of  ^  Gregory  sths.  that  did  sp^^.^'^^^^^^^^ 
 
 proportion  them  after  this  manner. 
 
 Epifcop.  Epifcop. 
 
 1.       s.       d.  1.       s.       d. 
 
 Cant.  ' —    —    07-18-00    Exonienfis 09-05-00 
 
 London,  —  -  ic— 10-00  Wtgornie?ifi5  -  ic-05— 00 
 Rojfenjis  —  —05  —  10—00  HerefordenJ. — .06-00-00 
 Norlvice7ifis  — 21-00-00  Bcithon.  ■ — « —  12-00—00 
 Elie?ifis —  • —  05—00-00  Sarishur,  —  —  17-00-00 
 LmcolntcnJiS' — 42-00—00  Co'vcntre'^ijis  —  10-00-00 
 C'tcejlrenjis —  oS-00-00    Ehorac,  ^ —    — 11-10-00 
 
 Winton . 1 7-0  6-08 
 
 Dat.  apad  FrhcmVetcremy:.  Kalend.^^/;jPontifica- 
 tus  noftii  anno  fecundo. 
 
 L  3  But. 
 
78      aAnHi^oricall  Ftndicatton  Chap. IV. 
 
 But  this  could  not  be  the  Bull  of  Gregory  the  5.  who 
 ^Tlorcnt.  dycdabout  997. before  s  Ely\^^s  erected,  orEpifcopall 
 ^^f^lTo9.  chaircs  placed  in  ^  Lincoln  or  T^orit^hh. 
 f.^si.cT'aiii.  7.  The  laft  article  in  the  oath  prefcribcd the  Clergy 
 /^Remigius  fi;omthe  PoDC,  ofobcdicncc  to  him  ,  was,  not  any  way 
 loso. /r^rfi-  to  alienate  thepoliellionsot  their  noufcs  inconJuLto  Ro- 
 fjtiiitfedera  nhxno  Pontifice,  Whether  this  claufe  were  infcrtcd 
 l^tTke^flr^i  ^hen  1 1 1 5  ,  it  was  firft  required  of  i  Raulf  tW  Arch- 
 Lincoln,  c^  bifli  op  of  Cant .  I  have  not  been  able  to  certify  my  felf- 
 Hcrcbcrtus     ^^^^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^  belicvc  it  was  not  :   for  thoueh  we  find  it 
 
 circji  1086.  de  ^  .  r   n   •  r  ?         *  t  » 
 
 Thetfordiay  m^  UMath.  Parts,  when  it  was  hrlt  impoledon  Abbots 
 ^orwiuh.  and  Bifliops,  yet  that  was  after  the  Court  of i^c^^f  had 
 Tm^^  ^^  ^  tailed  thefweetneffeof  taxing  other  Churches  j  lacithcr 
 leap, I.  w.^o.  is  it  in  any  of  thofc  conditions  mentioned  by  ^  Dueto, 
 kvtta^bbat.    g^j.  ^vhencver  itcamein,itiaiplyinga  rio;htofalicnatin2: 
 
 I),l40i27«.  ^  i.     J        o  CJ  (^ 
 
 ifiji,  major,     the  poflcflions  ot  Religious  houfcs  and  Churches ,  with 
 M  4 1 4>  i<5.     the  Papall  licence ,  bred  an  opinion ,  that  without  his  af- 
 oo/.6V%  6.      fent  there  could  be  no  good  falemade  of  their  eftates, 
 by  any    temporall  or    fpirituall    power   whatfoever, 
 though  with  their  own  concurrence  :  and  the  Court  of 
 >wMat.  Paris  ^^^^  grew  to  maintain  ,  ^  That  being  a  Mother,  flie 
 fcil^iViyxi     oughtto  be  relieved  by  her  Children.  »  GelaJius\.\\c^(Z' 
 n  brdcricus    cond  in  his  diftreffe  1118,  is  faid  to  have  defired  k  Nor- 
 ^±6  'c^^*^'      niannica  Ecclefia  fubjldium  orationum  ,  &  magispecuma- 
 rum :    yet  certainly  the  Norman  Church  did  not  then  at 
 all  condefcend  to  any^   for  the  French  Agent  in   the 
 oMau  Paris    ^  Lugubrl  querimoma{oi\Mh\ch  before)  mentions  him  a- 
 ^ditament.    mongft  divcts  Others  who,expeird  luly,  fled  into  France 
 pM,c<ip.  3.      for  fuccour,    yet  ^non  in  aliquo  grava%>erunt  Ecclefiam 
 n.  66.  Gallicanam ,  nee  dando  heneficta,  nee petendofubfidiumpe' 
 
 cuni(£  vel  armorum^  fed  fpiritualtbus  armts  ,  fctluet  la- 
 crymis  <jr  oratiombus.qu^Jknt  armarmmjlrorum  Chrifti, 
 maluerunt  ejfe  contenti ,  &c.  So  that  certainly  if  any  col- 
 Icdion  were  made  for  Gelajlus  ^  it  was  fo  private,  pub- 
 lick  notice  was  not  taken  of  it . 
 
 8.  The  firft  extraordinary  contribution  raifcd  by 
 
 allowance 
 
Chap.lV.   of  the  C/;mT^  ^England.       79 
 
 allowance  for  the  Popes  ufc  in  this  Kingdome,  I  take  not 
 
 to  have  been  before  i  i8s.  when  Luctus  3"s.  at  odds 
 
 with  the  Citizens  of  Rome,  not  any  ways  able  torcfift 
 
 their  fury ,  fent  to  Henry  the  z.pofluLins  ah  eo  &  a  clenca- 
 
 tu  Anglix  auxiUum.   The  thing  was  taken  into  confide- 
 
 ration ,  and  for  the  precedent,  it  was  not  thought  fit  any 
 
 thing  fhould  be  given  as  from  the  Clergy ,  but  that  they 
 
 might  raife  a  fupply  amongrt  thcmfclvesfor  the  King, 
 
 without  permitting  a  forraign   Agent  to  intermeddle  j 
 
 and  his  Majefty  might  with  that  relieve  the  Pope  as  he 
 
 fliould  fee  occafion.    ButtakeintheHiftorianhis  own 
 
 words.  P  ConfuluitRex  Epifcopos  fiios  &  clerum^^ridt.z  P/^oveden 
 
 ae  petit  tone Jummt  Pontipcis :  cui  Epijcopus  &  Clerus  con-  /o/.3  54.b.+3. 
 
 fuluerunt  ,  ut  ipfe  fecundum  'volmitatern  fUam  &  hono- 
 
 remfaceretauxtltHmDommoPap£y  tarn  pro  fe  qnam  tHis-^ 
 
 quia  tolernhilius  effete  &  pities  placer  et  e  is  ^  quoiDommm 
 
 ReXjJivellct  y  accepijfet  ah  eis  recompenjationcm  auxilii 
 
 illim  ^'  quam  fi  permijij[ct   nuncios  homini  Papx  m  An- 
 
 gliam  venire  y  ad  ca^iendumde  its  auxdium\  qutafialiter 
 
 fieretjpojfet  verti  in  confuetudinemyaddctrimenturn  regni. 
 
 Adquuvit  ^cx  conftlio  coru?ny  d^ fecit  auxtlium  magnum 
 
 Domino  Papx  in  auro  &  argent o.    The  judicious  reader 
 
 may  obferve  hence  things  very  remarkable :  as,  that  the 
 
 Kingdid  in  points  concerned  the  Pope  confulc  withthe 
 
 Englifh  Church ,  and  followed  their  advife  5  the  great 
 
 care  the  Clergy  took  to  avoid  anyfinifter  confcquence 
 
 in  futur'?  ,  and  therefore  did  themfelves  give  to  the 
 
 Prince,  as  to  whom  it  was  due  from  them  ,  and  not  to 
 
 the  Pope  ,  who  by  cuftomc  might  come  to  claim  it :  as 
 
 indeed  he  did  after  ftep  fo  far,  as  to  prohibit  their  "i-  ^  Df  ;,>;»;««/- 
 
 ving  the  King  at  all^  without  q  his  licenfe,  endeavouring  i„sextocap.i. 
 
 the  gaining  a  fupremacy  over  them  as  well  in  Tempo-  W.Kaigh- 
 
 rallsasSpiritualls,  who  hitherto  had  not  meddled  with  '^""^y'^--^^^^ 
 
 colledions  of  that  nature.  rGervas. 
 
 For  the  ^  fame  Henry ,  about  17  vearsbcforc  ,  (after  ^^ofobcrn, 
 th  example  oi  the  French)  didcauicalupply  be  made  co/.i599,7. 
 
 for. 
 
8  o  ^n  Hijloricall  Findkation  Chap.  IV 
 
 for  the  relief  of  the  Eillcrn  Church  ;  but  I  do  not 
 iind  it  to  have  been,  either  upon  any  motion  from  Rome , 
 or  any  part  of  what  was  fo  levyed  to  have  been  con- 
 verted that  way. 
 
 9.    But  the  former  granted  11  83.  paiTmg  with  (o 
 great  circumfpcclion  ,  perfwaded  the  Popes  not  to 
 think  fit  fodainly  ( as  it  fecms )  of  attempting  the  like; 
 yet  that  the  Church  oi  England  might  not  beunaccii- 
 ftomcd  to  paiments  ,  they  fometimes  exhorted  Chri- 
 [lians  to  the  fubvention  ofthe  Holy  Land,  and  thereupon 
 did  diftributc  Spiritliall  Indulgences  (  which  coft  them 
 rNew'ri-      ^^^  afarthing)  and  procured  Princes  to  impofe  on  their 
 gcnfis/ifc.?.    Subjeds  for  that  end  :  fo  did  /  Clement  the  3 .  or  rather 
 f.tp.zi.22,z3,  (7;^^^£7ry  thcS^h- about  1187.  ftir  up //^/^. the 2.  and?/?/- 
 
 e^c.  Hoved.     ,      ^    ^        n  .  ^  ■  t^-  /  j 
 
 ^«».iiS7.  uf  K^tigHjtHS  y  ^  InnocentiH6  i.Y^vc^^  lohn:  ana  »  as  a 
 joii6i^h.zs^  generall  Superintendent  over  the  Clergy,  didthenin- 
 fe'^  Doro-  tromit  himfelf  and  his  Agents  in  the  raifmg  of  it ,  and  (o 
 bern.  c.i  5 12.  did  couvcrt  fomc  good  proportion  to  his  own  ufe;  info- 
 ^[\     „   .     much  as  lohannes  Ferennnus iknthithct:  i2o6.fromthe 
 
 «Mat.  Pans     ^  ,  ,  ,  . 
 
 ^nn.iiGi.  lame  InnoLentius  3"^,  «  carryed  hence  a  good  quantity; 
 p^5.io5,54.  upon  which  King  lohn  writ  unto  the  Pope  1207. 
 pazzo^.ii.     *  ^^^^ uheriores  fihifruEtus proveniant de  regno  K^nglt^  , 
 
 « Mat. Paris  o^uam dc omnihHS  regionihus  c'ttra  i^lpcs  conjlitutis ^  &c. 
 v^«w.i2o6.  Yet  truly,  to  raife  any  confiderable  fumme  ofmony 
 X  Mat.  Paris  ftom  the  wiiolc  body  ofthc  Clergy,  for  fupport  ofthe 
 p.224, 25.  Papall  defigns ,  I  do  not  find  any  great  attempt  before 
 p(i"\e\^z,  Gregory  the  ix.  1229.J  demanded  a  tenth  ofthe  move- 
 49.f  45. }  6z^  ables,  of  both  Lay  and  Ecclefiafticks;  to  which  the  Tcrn- 
 .r^"  porall  Lords  would  notatallaffent,  Nolentes  Baronias 
 
 vcl  Uicas  pojfefiones  RomanxFccleJict  ohligare\  and  the 
 Clergy  were  unwillingly  induced  to  the  contribution. 
 The  Pope  thus  entred ,  meddled  no  more  with  the  Lay, 
 ^Mat.  Paris  but  of  T  the  Clergy  eleven  years  after  he  demanded  by 
 p<»5  516,2*0.  '^^^  Legat  a  fifth  part  of  their  goods.  Many  meetings 
 ^^^^?»53+,  8,  were  had  about  it  :  ^  they  flicwed  the  King,  they  held 
 ^^'  their  Baronies  of  him ,  and  could  not  without  his  atTcnt 
 
 charge 
 
Chap. IV-    ojthe  Church  of  England,       si 
 
 charge  them  ;  that  having  formerly  given  a  tciuh  ,  this  of 
 Tifjjih  might  create  a  cultome  ;  and  at  a  meeting  in  U.irk- 
 Jh  re  exhibited  IliiidLV  {kA\A  reafbns  ( too  long  to  be  here 
 repeated  )  ngainil  the  contribution.  But  nothing  would 
 Icrvcj  the  King  made  for  it,  and  th' Archbifliop  out 
 of  private  ends  paying  it ,  they  were  in  the  z\\^  forced  to 
 yield  (iich  a  lupply  >  as  at  his  departure  the  year  follow- 
 ing it  was  fay'd  ,  ^'  there  did  not  remain  lb  much  treafure  ^  -^^Jt-  "I'ans 
 in  the  Kin2;dome,  as  he  had  in  three  vcars  extorted  from  *^""'  *  ^'^ ' ' 
 it  (the  vefl'ells  and  ornaments  of  Churches  excepted.) 
 
 lo.  But  neither  the  paying  it  with  fo  great  reluclaney, 
 nor  the  ^  Remonftrance  prefer'd  in  the  Councell  of  ^^^ni  Mat. 
 Lto}2S  1 24.5. from  the  body  of  the  KingdomCjOfthefevc-  ^*^''^  p.^66, 
 rail  exaftions  the  Nation  lay  under  from  Rome  ,  and  like- 
 wife  ^  to  the  Pope himfelf  the  year  following,  could  ^-^P"^  '^^'"'C.. 
 
 ,-\  \  II  Paris  ^nno 
 
 any  way  itop  the  proceedings^ but //?^;^oc^^///«j  4^115. 1246,  1.46,  ;>.698. 
 c  invented  a  new  way  ,to  charge  every  Religious  houfc  40,5 1,  c^c 
 with  finding  and  paying  a  quantity  of  fouldiers  for  his  \^^^'^^^^' 
 fervice  in  the  wars  for  one  year  ;  which  being  required  \xg.  707, 30. 
 from  both  the  Englijh  iw^Fremh ^  produced  here  thofe  Vi.-  7®^- 
 prohibitions  in  the  fame  Author  againft  railing  zv\yTaL 
 lagium  or  auxiUum.  But  the  French  caufed  their  Agcnc 
 to  ufe  a  feriousexpoftulation  in  the  bufineiTe^   which, 
 becaufc  it  is  not  printed  ,  I  fliall  deliver  at  large  as  I  /  find  /^'^  Luguba 
 It.  Isljincii  denovo  nccejjeru7tt  ^  nova  gravamina  aadentes  j^^na^em, 
 fupradicHs  :  jS^uper  emm  ma7idavijits  EccleJiiSy  ut  quia  Mat.  rari> 
 perfectitor  vefier  ad  partes  tflas  venturus  eU ,  mitt  ant  njohis  '^^^'  ^^  *^"* 
 miLitiam  mumtam  ad  refijtendum  ei ,   quia  non  ejt  conci-  ».  59,07. 
 iium  coder e  vementt\  (hoer sitio  (atis  excuftibilcs  fuiit  Ec-  5'^^^^-   ^^'^^^ 
 
 ,   r  111  n  Ann.\z\Q. 
 
 cleji£  J  quia  non  havent  miUttam^nec  eft  in  parte  eorum  mit-  ^    707,2. 
 terequodnonhahent ,  quos  etiamfi  haberent  &  mittcrcnt  ^  uc  (i  clcricus 
 7ton  efl  tutum  confidcre  deipTis.   Nee  fcitur  etiamde  illis,  ^'•'^/""^.  ^' 
 utrum  venturusjit  J  quia  etiamji  veniret  ,  pr.nfLrcndum  ftatus,cjui"- 
 elfet  (  ut  vtderetur  )  concilio  hurn.ino  comilium  Domini ,  '^'i"''  ^'O"^.^'* 
 qui  dtcit ,Sr perjecutifuermt  vosmunam  ctvitatemjngite  p^p^  con- 
 tnaltam,  &c.  And  in  the  fame  year  he  ^attempted  the  vcitcrcnrur 
 
 M  making 
 
82         AnHtjloricdl  Vindication  Chap.  IV. 
 
 making  himlelf  h^ir  to  any  Clerk  that  fhoulddicin- 
 .-.Mat. Paris  tcllatc  5   and  the  year  .*.  following  received  from  the 
 f. 730,1  .       Clergy  eleven  thou  fand  marks,  r.v:^/'//i  rx^w^/zi  C:r//'/-^ 
 bus  ctcricis  ,  as  an  addition  to  fix  thoufand  he  had  re- 
 .-.•  ihiL^^nn.  ceived  the  /.*  year  before. 
 
 ^246.  f,7i5>  1 1.  I  fliall  not  here  take  tipon  me  to  repeat  all  the 
 times  and  wayes  by  which  the  kibje£l  had  his  purfe 
 thus  drained  ,  the  labour  would  be  too  great,  and  the 
 proSt  too  little;  it  fliall  fuffice  to  note,  the  Court  of 
 Rome  ^  bymuchftrugling,  overcame  in  the  end  all  diffi- 
 iiKor.  Pur/.  cultics,&did  arrive  to  that  height, the  ^^  Commons  wxre 
 •y'107?'  forced  in  Parliament  1376.  to  prefer  this  petition  ;  Si 
 ioji  come  le  Pape  voet  avoir  monoie  pur  maintenir  fesgucr- 
 res  de  Lombardy ,  (?«  atlleurspur  dcfpendere ,  ou  pur  raun- 
 fori,  aufcuns  de  fes  amys  prtfoners  Fraunceys  prifes  par 
 Bnglois,  /■/  voet avoir [uhfidie  de  Clergie  ^'EngleterrcjC^ 
 tantoji  celuy  eU  grantez,  par  les  Preiats ,  a  catife  qe  Ics 
 Evefqcs  nofent  luy  contreftere ,  &  eji  levc  de  CUrgieJaKS 
 lour  ajfent  ent  avoir  devant :  Et  les  Seculers  Seigneurs  my 
 pr  eigne  nt  garde  i  nene  font  face  coment  le  Clergie  ejl  de- 
 ftrutci  y  &  la  monoye  de  Royalmc  rrialement  emporte, 
 
 11.  And  mdeed  the  Kingdome  had   great  reafon 
 
 thus  to  complain;  fee  one  of  many  examples  that  may 
 
 be  alledged.    In  the  year  1 343,  the  1 7.  Ed,  3  .  cUme?:t 
 
 rhe6.  fenthither  to  provide  for  two  Cardinall  Priefts, 
 
 one  out  of  the  Province  of  York ,  the  other  Canterbury  , 
 
 in  fpirituall  livings,  to  the  value  of  1000.  marks  a  piece, 
 
 17.fi/  /^  *     *  f^^  uneji  gener ale  &  cover te  maniere  ,  qe  lafomme  paf- 
 
 n.  59.  f^f^  dix  mille  marqes  avant  qe  le  dounfoit  accept.    But  the 
 
 AWaifing.      State  would  not  endure  this,  ^but  chafini^  their  Asicnts 
 
 3fo.  out  of  the  Kingdome  ,  the  Kmg  lent  through  every 
 
 /Hcn.Knigh-  County ,   ^  Ne  quts  ab  eo  tempore  &  deinccps  admitte- 
 
 o.250>  retur per  bullamy fine fpecialilicentia Regis  :  And  a  little 
 
 after,  the  Parliament  held  the  20.  ofEd.s-  1346.  the 
 
 m  Rot.  varl    CommoHs  yct  more  plainly ,  ^  Nous  ne  voulons  focffrer 
 
 »•  3  5*  ^^f^ycmentfoitjait  as  Caratnaix ,  pour  lo(4r  dcmoere  en 
 
 Fiance 
 
Chap.  IV  ojthe  Oourch  of^w^:{\\^.        85 
 
 frjiKc  detrcter  y^c.  And  foon  after  they  rcprcfent  this 
 very  particular  ot  2000.    marks  to  be  "  ck  unicntiife-  *^.'^- 
 mt/it  dc  la  ten  e^  and  encrcjc  dcnos  enemies -^  and  therefore 
 qtiils  ne  fount  01  nut  mantcre  focffcrts  ,  (See.      In  both 
 which  his  Ma^'*"-  gives  them  content. 
 
 13.  Neither  did  the  Papacy,  having  gained  the  pof- 
 fclTion  (as  1  may  term  it)  of  taxings  impole  thcfc  pay- 
 ments for  one  year  onely  upon  forreign  Churches ,  as  at 
 firrt,  but  for  fixfuccelUvely  one  after  the  other.    So  did 
 
 °  Ichnihcii.  in  theyeau  1277. and?  Cleme?nx.\\<z  s.'m  «W'^«s 
 the  Councell  of  Vie-rina  1311.  precending  an  employ-  ,J?^^"! 
 mcnt  againft  the  Intidells ;  but  procuring  Princes  to  joy n  p  Wafing! 
 with  them  in  the  colleding,  that  it  might  bepay'd  with  ^'/'P-75'  J* 
 more  facihty  ,    (and  therefore  gave  them  cither  the 
 q  whole,  or  part  of  what  was  fo  raifed;  from  whence  ^/'.'^^^^/f- 
 nodoubtgrew  that  proverb  fofullofinfamy,  "^  That  the  1251.  p  849, 
 KiniT  A?2d  Pope '^  ere  the  Lion  a?idWclf)  (\\(^\nihc  end   (as  ^~',.. 
 we  have  heard  j  convert  thetrealurc  to  the  ranfoming  iz^s- (,917^ 
 theirfriends,  themaintenanceof  thoir  wars  ,   and  fuch  j9. 
 like  mundane   ends.     T ho  ^  Trench  affirm  ,  the  firft  of  ^^;^7«'7  ^' 
 their  Kings  who  mared  with  Rome  in  thefc  levies,  to  corum   ad  f- 
 have  been  C/7/ir/;/d'5r/,  about  1326.  which  if  it  were,  «^^  I'auii 
 our  Kings  were  before  them  j  but  fuch  asfuccededknew  ^,;n.  1/2^. 
 there  as  wellasellewherc,  how  to  apply  what  was  thus  ^  ciu  Tiiict 
 gather'd  wholytothemfelves,  wiping  the  Popes  clean  ^^^  ^'^"'^°' 
 out :  and  notwithftanding  all  ^  complaints  in  that  kind  t  vide  mj}. del 
 from  Rome ,  ^^Duarentis  obferves  the  Crown  oi France  f<'«'^'^^'';^^»^- 
 to  nave  none  more  certain  or  ipeedy  revenue,  then  that ;;.  408. 
 is  tlius  raifed  of  the  Ecclcliafticks.  «  Dc  bcncfl- 
 
 14.  But thcfeexaftions grew  Ibburthenfbme,  Mar-  ^\nlne]'^^^' 
 //wthe  s^h.at*  the  Councell  of  C^^^^^^r  i4i7.wascon-  xconcti.Cor.- 
 drained  to  ctiabliili,  NuUatenus  tmponantur  q-^neralitcr  ly'^^-^^f^-^s- 
 
 juper  totiim  cLerum ,  niji  ex  magna  O"  ardua  cauja  ,  Cr  utt-  &  aliib  onc- 
 litate  u?Hver[alem  Ecclefiam  concernente  ^  &  dc  cor}filto  &  nbus .- rown/. 
 confenfti  &  fuhfcriftione  fratrtim  nojlrorum  y  fanclat  Re-  ^^'279.  c^^ 
 mariiZ  Ecclefix  Card>nalitim&  FixlatorHm^  ationtm  con-  p»s- -5>7- 
 
 M  2  jilium 
 
84-      ^In  Hisioricdl  Vindicatton  Chap. IV. 
 
 fdium  commode  haheri  poterit  ;   nee  fpecidtter  in  aliquo 
 
 regno  vet  urovincia, ,  tnconfultis  pr^^l-itis  tpfius  regrjivel 
 
 frovmcic^y  ^c.    Upon  which  Decree  a  llipply  of  the 
 
 ^f^rnen^s      '^^^^^^  being >>  twice  demanded ,  viz.  1515,  and  1518. 
 
 p'ig's?' p.s9.  by  Z^t?  thexf'i*  againftthe  Turk,  th' £;^^////i Clergy de- 
 
 &^ruiuffve    y^yQ^^\  j-hci^^-i  bQfl-^  tin-ies.    Thus  the  Papacy  by  Httlcand 
 
 £p!f}oU  Leo-    ,.,  J-  /;i  -  r  '  1 
 
 n\sde  e.idetn    httlc  gaincd  in  England  the  power  ot  lometuiics  lay- 
 re,  quasyidi    ing  that  Tax  on  Church  men  ,  is  to  this  day  known  by 
 nuunjcr.        ^j^^  name  of  a  Ten^h ,  which  became  Hmited  ,  as  we  have 
 cap.],"^'  '    fcen;   and  after  byz  rtatute  the   z6. Hen.  S^'^-  transfer'd 
 to  tiie  King  to  be  pay'd  annually  unto  him;  as  were  like- 
 wife  x\\^FirJl  fruits  or  profits  of  one  year,  commonly 
 called  o^;^/«.t/^  ,  (for  I  take  them  tobethefame)  ofall 
 fpirituall  livings :  of  which  a  word. 
 
 1 5 ,  Tlie  firft  raifing  of  them  feemeth  to  have  been, 
 that  when  the  Court  of  iic?»;^  did  confer  on  Clerks  and 
 Chaplains  rcfiding  with  them ,  benefices  in  the  Dioccfcs 
 of  others,  they  who  thus  obtained  from  that  Chair  not 
 onely  the  Spirituall ,  ot  Ordination  ,   but  hkewife  the 
 Temporall  of  Profit,  did  at  firft,  either  to  fhew  their  gra- 
 titude, or  for  that  the  Pope  would  have  it  fo  ,  voluntari- 
 ly give  the  whole ,  or  fomc  part  of  the  firft  years  revenue 
 to  the  Court,  by  whofe  favour  they  received  all :  and  the 
 Papacy  perceiving  the  gain  did  thus  accrue ,  laboured  to 
 extend  it  farther;  was  in  fome  fort  imitated  by  other 
 Bifhops;  and  for  avoyding  the  fhew  of  Simony ,  cover'd 
 ^Minuta        >vhat  Was  thus  took  with  the  names  of  \^?tnates ,  Fa- 
 fcrvitia  ipere  cantu  ,  "^  CMtnutA  ferv'ttU  Scripture  ,   and  fuch  like. 
 fmdi   fat-      gj^jj.  ^5  ^^  Gregory  ^  toleratins;  onely  a  liberality  to  he 
 
 tnenis ,  Jttch  as  o     /  ^  -^         ,  ^    •' 
 
 hadany  expe-  givcn  after  the  reception  of  the  Pal/,  his  fucccftbrs  knew 
 ditioninthe  how  to  tum  it  to  a  revciuic ;  fo  thcfe,  however  at  6.\:[\: 
 Rome  tpere    t)cgun  ,  did  aftcrwatds  become  annually  a  profit.    What 
 
 lyihU  unto,  as  feestoscrtainOffiters  or  fervants  of  ihe  P ope  ,  c.tlled  therefore  hit\\\\^res  Dni.  Pa- 
 pae  :  aioflate^  fuch  as  renewed  leafcs  of  the  Archbishop  of  Cant,  did  to  his  Secret  aries^  and. 
 •thersof  his  retinue.  ir,%9.  there  was  pa)ed^  of  thefe  to  the  J  ope  ,  andone  to  the  dependents  on  the 
 cardmalls,  Ihorn  (ol,2iQ^  31.  tbfrcfihuycuodijftCHltj.     aL//'.4.  ££i/?.44.  Indi^.i^. 
 
 Others 
 
Chap.  IV.    of  the  C^wch  (^/England.     ^^5 
 
 others  did  in  this  kind,  isnot  ncccflary  to  thatlticat  of; 
 butupon  the  practice  of  the  Church  of  y?ow^, the  25.  £<^.  3 . 
 the  Commons  ^    exhibit  this  petition  to    the  Kine:  '^'^^^-^^rl 
 Prte  ft  Commune y OLC. ae 'V ee r (y  regarder  ^occ.  Comcntle  z^.Ed.-i.nAi, 
 Pafc  ?ie  folott  avant ces  heurcs  fane  refer^v.-itions  de  nul 
 benefice  dc  feint Efglife ^  fiH  7ie  fiijl de  benefice  dc  fcs  Cha- 
 vleyns  ,  ou  de  fes  Clerks  qe  mover ont  en  la  Court  de  Rome ; 
 (^  ore  urd  &  de  novel  pur  covetife  d' avoir  Ics  primers 
 fruits  y  &lcs  nut  res  profitz.  qe  endepcndent  ,  tid^  rcfcrvee 
 &"  referve  dejour  e?'i  autre  a  fa  collation  ge?^cralcmcrtt  dr 
 efpecialment ,  fi  bien  K^hhetes  &  Fr tones ,  come  toutz.  Ics 
 autres  grantz.  beneficeT  ^'Engleteire  qefont  de  Fatronagc 
 cfpiritcly  & generalem'ent il ad'  refervee  ore  tardtoutcs  Ics 
 dtgnites  ^'Englctcrrc ,  O*  Provendres  en  Efglifcs  Cathc- 
 dralles ,  &  les  donncfibien  as  Aliens  come  as  De?iezcinst 
 &  ifint  ad  le  Papetout7  les  primers  frmcis  dcs  dits  bene- 
 fices. By  which  it  appcarcs,  the  Papacy  ,  that  former- 
 ly took  the firft-fruits  c^onely  fuchlivings  asmendyed 
 poffeft  of  in  the  Court  of  'B^ome ,  had  an  intent  of  ex- 
 tending them  to  all  were^^  Patronage  efpirttet:  but  whe- 
 ther an  aiSivc  King  ftopt  upon  this  the  endeavours  of 
 that  See,  or  the  Popes,  wife  men,  thought  itnot fit  to 
 make  too  fodain  an  irruption  into  the  profits  of  other 
 Churches,  is  not  greatly  materially  <^  but  25. years  af-  <^^'Ot.Parl, 
 ter,  the  Commons  again  rcprefcnt  the   Popes  Col- ^%^*^' 
 Icftor ,    Ore  de  novel  ceji  an  &  ne  le  prrfl  unqcs  devant  at 
 oeps  du  Pape  lesprtmtcrsfruitz.  de  chcfcun  be?icfice  ,  dont  il 
 fttt  provifion  OH  collation^  except  de  graces  grant  ez>  aux 
 povres  ,  ou  tine folett prendre  fiulles  frmflcs  forfqe  foule- 
 mcntdes  bencficez.  vacant?  en  la  Court  de  Rome. 
 
 16.  But  in  whofc  time  thefe  firft-fruits  bco;an  to  be 
 taken  ,   there  feems    to  me  feme  difference  amoniz.fl: 
 writers.  Theodonat^  a  2{tem  (who lived  in  the  Courtof 
 Rome,  Secretary  as  fome  write  to  Gregory y^\z  xi.  or  ra-  dDefchifmate- 
 ther,   as  it  feems  tome,  of  Frban  the  y\.)  ^faycs,  Boni-  '"'"'  ^''^''* 
 J  ace  tlie  ix.  circa  deamum  annum  fut  regimims^  VjZ.  1399.  hh.  1  cx^  s^. 
 
 M   3  primos 
 
86        ^yfiiHijloric  all  Vindication    Chap.lV* 
 
 j)ri??jos  f fact  Its  anUis  anni  omnium  Eccle/jarum  Cnthedr.t^ 
 
 lium  &  (^obatiarum  'vaca?utiimfu£  earner je  refervavit , 
 
 it.tquodqutciincj^ueextti'fic  per cumpromovert  voluit ,  ante 
 
 omnidcogebatf^rfolvereprimos  fruclus  eccle(i^  ,   velmo- 
 
 f  Platina  \n    Thtfteru  cui  pr<tfici  volmt,    (See.   With  whom  ^  PUt'ma. 
 
 citix,  agrees;    f^nnatarum  ujum  pnmta  tmpojutt ^  ("Bonita- 
 
 ciusix.  )   h:ic  conditioner    ut  qui  beneficium  confequere- 
 
 tur  ^  dimidium  A?inui  proventus  fifco  K^pojiolico  perfolve- 
 
 rent  :  funt  tamen  qui  hoc  inventum  lohanni  xxti.  afcri- 
 
 fDem-vfnt.     bunt  y  &CC.   Thc  famc  likcwifc  ^  Poll  do  re  Fir gil  aSizms, 
 
 rertmlih.%,     though  hc  fpcak  as  if  fome  thought  them  of  an  higher 
 
 ^Trxaje      time  ,  which  undei' favour  I  do  not  credit  5  fovz7\(jcho^ 
 
 Afinatis non     /^/^j-  ckmanges ,  in  the  treatife  he  writ  concerning  them, 
 
 j4c?cuio  re-"^    faith,  that  when  fuch  refervations  fell  into  confidera- 
 
 rumexpetend.  tiou  in  theCounccU  oi  Conftance  (he  Hved  whilft  it 
 
 Toi^i^T  fi^    lii^c^i^o  beginning  could  bcalTignedbefore/^/^^/^theArA-//. 
 
 inuYoperdejM  bcgan'thcm,  pro  ccrtopajfagio  ultramarino  ,  & quihuf- 
 
 fag.iz.  col.2,  d.im  aliis  ?iecej?ttatibus  Juis,     To  which  I  may  adde  the 
 
 h£p)?.  296.    opinion  of  the  wife  and  learned  t»  Cardinall  d'offat-. 
 
 ^mbr.  160 iT  ^^^^^'^  x^^i-  Francois  de  nation ,  dont  il  me  deplaiji  ^fujlle 
 
 primter  que  outre  les  taxes  &  K^nnates  qutl  invent  a  ^  (Slc. 
 
 ivolychron.      And  Ranulphus    Cejlrenfis ^  one  of  that  time*  *  faith 
 
 \ih.-j.  caf.^1,  of  him,  Bcnejiciorum  per  mortem  feu  rejignationem  'va- 
 
 Kni  hton       cantiumy  five  per  tranfiationem  ,  primos  fruBus  refer- 
 
 cj?/.  25  34,8.    vavit  y  it  a  ut  Re^ior  infiitutus  taxationem  hcneficii  fid 
 
 aut  refiduum  taxitionis  accept aret :  exqua  cautelainnu- 
 
 merabiles  thefiauri  ad  manus  Pap/e  devenerunt ,   &c.    and 
 
 k  fo/.  2565,      Kniqhton  himfclf,  ^  refervavit  curi£  omnes primes firuclus 
 
 '^'''  vacant lum  Ecclefiarum  ,  five  per  mortem  five  per  re- 
 
 ]  Hi[f.  ^nno  fignationem,  &cJ  Walfingham  13  1  6.  Summus  Ponti- 
 
 1316.  p.84,    fie X  refervavit  camera  fu^  primos  firu5ius  beneficiorum 
 
 omnium  in  Anglia  per  triennium  vacant ium :   which  not 
 
 ^et>r£hendys  o^c^^^ring'of  any  Pope  before,  I  cannot  afcribe  other 
 itgniuti-  to  have  began  them  then  he ;  w^ho  though ,  in  a  ^  bull 
 huscap.ii.  dated  the  5.  lanuary  4..  Pontificaius,  he  mention /'r//^^^ 
 CQtnnmn.        reddttHS,proventus,  primt  anm  benejiciorum ,  yet  by  the 
 
 doubts 
 
Chap.  IV,  of  the  Church  of  Y.\\^:w\d,     87 
 
 doubts  he  there  rcfolvcs,  fhcws  the  practice  of  thcni 
 then  newly  brought  into  the  Church.  But  w  hercas 
 the  ^^  writers  before-named  scarce  ,  xho,  E?rA,sh  ^  of  all  ^   ^^^' 
 
 -WT      •  •        J  •       .^  •      u      i.    11  /'    I        manges,  Pia- 
 
 Nations,  never  received  in  this  the  full  extent  ot  the  ti,u,roiidoi-. 
 Papall  commands ,  I  conceive  it  to  arile  from  the  good 
 Laws  they  made  againft  them  ;  of  which  before,  and 
 after. 
 
 17.  It  ishardly  credible  how  great  a  mafl'e  of  trea- 
 furewas  bythefcwayes  fent  hence  into //4/v.  «  The  re-  "/"^^f-  ^^^^^ 
 venues  thV^t//.'z«/  werepoiieitot  in  EngUnd  1245.  are  p.15.658,49. 
 accounted  not  lefl'e  then  60.  thoufandMatks;  ^^  125  2.  p-'5-^^7,  b^. 
 it  was  thought  they  did  amount  to  70.  thoufand  (all  g^-y'^g^*^ 
 which  for  the  mod  drained  thither  :/>  and  in  P  the  Par    pKo/.  pjW. 
 liament  held  about  an  hundred  vears  after ,  the  Com.  ^'^■'^•P"'*'/- 
 mons/hew,  what  went  hence  to  the  Court  of  Rome  ,  n.ii.lenn 
 tourne  a -plus  qrand  dejlruction  du  Roynlme  qe   toute  La,  ^««ij5»» 
 guerre  noftre  Sag^-  Ic  Roy :  yet  y  notwiihftandingfo  ma- 
 ny ftatutes  as  were  made  by  that  Prince  ,  for  mode- 
 rating the  excefles  in  this  kind  ,  the  5  o^^-  they  complain, 
 
 (I  fhall  give  it  contradedly  )^  the  Popes  coIIccIjt  here  qK?'^^<<'"/- 
 held  a  receipt  equall  to  a  Prince  or  Duke -^  fent  annually  «,  105' 105. 
 to  Rome  from  the  Clergy  ,  for  Procuration  of  Ac  beys , 
 Priories  ,  First-fruits  ^  6cc.  xx.  thoufand  Oltarks  ^  fornc 
 years  more  others  lejfe ,  and  to  Cardinalls  and  other  Clerks 
 beneficed  in  England  as  much-,  befdesHphaili^as  conveyed 
 to  Enghfh  clerks  remaining  there  to  fo  Hi  cite  the  affairs 
 of  the  Nation:  upon  lohich  they  dejire  his  Ma^y  ,  no  col- 
 LeBor  of  the  Pope  may  refide  m  England, 
 
 18.  But  the  King  ,  as  it  (ccms,  not  greatly  complying 
 
 with  their  defires ,  the  ^  year  following;  thcv  aQ;ainin-  ^Kf'.T'ur/. 
 ftance ,  that  certain  Cardinalls, notorious  enemies  ^had pro-  «.  7S;,  -9. 
 lured  a  claufe  d'anteferri  to  certain  benefices ,  Ivithinthe 
 Provinces  of  Canterbury  and  Jork-^  that  the  Popes  Col- 
 Ul^ior  l^as  as  very  an  enemy  to  this  State  as  the  French 
 themfelvcs  ;  that  his  houfc  keeping  here  at  the  Clergies 
 cofl  -jt^as  ^iotIcJfethc?^iQo^,  hy  the  year -^  that  he  fent  an- 
 
 Tnirdly 
 
88 
 
 ^  ^  Ufoily 
 
 XX.  Aim. 
 
 tnarci  i  a  it 
 
 iKot.  Pari. 
 I.  J^c.  1. 
 71.66,  6f.68. 
 
 "^  What  each 
 Bishop  p^^j^d 
 to  the  See  of 
 Komc  at  his 
 entrance  for 
 firfl-fruitSy 
 vide  Cod- 
 win,  Catal. 
 Ill  fine  unius 
 cujufqiie 
 Epifcopatus. 
 
 J/ 1 1-TiJloriciJl  Fmdic4tio?i  Chap.  IV 
 
 7iu:i!!y  from  hence  beyond.  Seas  '*'  atone  time  20  thoufand 
 marks ^  fornetimcs  20.  thoufand  founds  5   and  l^hat  Ivas 
 l>royfe  ^  efpycd  the  /cents  of  the  Kingdome  ^  'vacations  of 
 benefices  ,   and  fo  dajly  made  the  certainty  knol^n  to  the 
 fitd  Court '.^    did  nol^ratfe for  the  Pepe  the  frH- fruits  of 
 all  dignities  and  other  frnallcr  promotions  ,  caufingby  oath 
 iopajtijc  true  value  of  them  ^  fur  mounting  the  rate  they 
 Ti-'ere  formerly  taxed  at :  Dohich  nol(f  m  the  very  begmmnti 
 ou^T^ht  to  be  crupot  J  vScc.  Vpon  'Si^hich  confider  at  tons  they 
 dejire,  allfirang^rSy  Clerks  andothers  (^excepting  Knights, 
 Efquircs,  Merchants,  Artificers)  might  fodainly  avoid  the 
 Kingdom-^    nofubjecfSy  li>ithout  the  Kings  expreffe  licence  j 
 to  be  Proctors  ,   ^^turneys  ,   Termors  to  anyfuch  Alytn  , 
 under  the  pain ,  after  Proclamation  made ,  of  life  ,  member  ^ 
 loffe  of  lands  and  goods  ,  and  to  be  dealt  itJith  as  theeves 
 and  robbers ;   no  mo?ij  during  the  li^ars  to  be  tranfported  out 
 of  the  Kingdom  by  exchange  or  otherlt^ife  ^  on  the  forfei- 
 ture of  it.  Buttothistheanfwer  onely  was,  Setiegnent 
 les  ejlatut7  &  ordonances  ent  fattes.     Whereupon  the 
 ^  next  Parliament  the  Commons  prefer'd  again  three 
 Petitions ,  touching     I.  The  paiment  of  "^  Firjl  fruits 
 taken  come  due  a  la  chambrenoftre  feint  Pere  ,  yet  not 
 ufed  in  the  Realme  before  thefe  times  ,  i^as  cofitrary  to 
 former  treaties  H^ilh  the  Pope ,  &c.     II.  Refirvations  of  be- 
 ne fie  es.   III.  By  tham^ay  beflo'^t?2g  them  on  Alytns  ,   l^ho 
 fu7idry  times  employed  the  profits  of  them  toivards  the  raun- 
 foming  or  ar  ay  ing  their  friends  y  enemies  to  the  King,   of 
 alllvhich  they  define  his  Ma^y- to  provide  remedy  5   as  alfo 
 that  the  Petitions  thetn^o  lajl  Parliaments  (of  which  be- 
 fore )    might  be  confider^d^  and  convenient  remedy  or- 
 dained. To  which  the  anfwcr  is ,  Les  Seiff^du  grand 
 confieil or deigneront  due  rcmedie  fiur  les  matires  comprifes 
 en  cejles  trois  bilks  precedent es.  And  here  I  take  the  grand 
 Councell  to  be  the  Privy  Councelf  not  the  Lords  in  or 
 out  of  Parhament  5  called  i\\Q,  grand  Councell  for  the 
 grcatncffc  of  the  affairs  fell  within  their  cognizance, 
 
 and 
 
Chap.  IV    of  the  Church  (^/'England-      89 
 
 and*  named  the  $.  o^  Hen.  thc4..  to  confid  onely  oftK^f. p^r/.j. 
 fix  Bifliops,  one  Duke,  twoEarls,  and  other  in  allto  v?X  ,^1?!^^' 
 thcnumbcrof  22.  i.n.  zo. 
 
 lo.  What  order  thcv  cftablifht ,  I  have  not  met  with;  M.Kff.2.n-(S. 
 iris  manifeft  not  to  have  been  fuch  as  gave  the  fatis-  n.n.wHcr., 
 fadlion  hoped  for,  by  the  Commons  "  renewing  in  cf-  4  «.  59. 
 fcdboth  30- and  $^^Mic.z.  the  fame  fuites:   and  the  in-  "^v',^*"^' 
 conveniences    itill  continuing,    ^  in  the  year    1 3  sj.  c^f^p.  ?.  o^ 
 10.  Ric.  2.  William  Weld  was  chofen  Abbot  of  S,  Au-  ^^,'f  '""""', 
 ^r//?/;;i  (in  the  place  of  ^^/fi^^r/ncwly  dead,)  whotrou-  «.  90/91. 
 bled  with  a  quartan  ague,    the  French  and  Buich  on  >^Win. Thome 
 thefeas,  the  King  inhibited  his  going  to  Rome  for  con-  ZaJn\^^'^ 
 firmation,  (5cc.  He  thereupon  employs  William  Th  or  ^^y 
 (from  whofe  pen  we  have  the  relation  ;  hoping  to  be 
 excufed  himfclfofthc  journey;  who  /.  /hewing the  fuf-  '•■^♦^•^^36, 
 feringsofthc  houfc,  the  miferable  ftatehe  muftleaveit 
 in,  that  he  would  ex  pole  it  irrecuperabili  cafui  &  ruirtdt, 
 thattheKing  had  commanded  hisftay,  was  in  the  end 
 told  by  the  Pope  (  after  all  means  he  could  ufe)  •.•i?f.v  •'•^<>'- 21s.. 
 tuus  pr^ctpn  cj^uodnou  veniat  elect  us  Hie  ,   Ego  volo  quod 
 compareat  &  examini  Je  fuhjiciat :  and  again ,   after  yet 
 more  earned  follicitation ,  quia  audivimus  turhationem 
 inter  Regem  &  Baronesfuos  ,    ( the  fitted  time  to  contcfl: 
 with  a  prince  )  &  multafmijlra  de  perCona    lieBi^  & 
 quod  cederet  Romans  ecclefi^  tn  ::  prxjudicium,  abfque  •'•'^'^^?  «• 
 perfonali  comparitione  non  intendimus  ipfum  confrmarCy 
 ne  daretur  pofterts  in  exemplum.  The  caufe  hanging  three 
 years  in  fufpenfe,  the  Abbot  in  fine  was  forced  to  appear 
 in  Rome  for  his  benedidion,  and  returned  with  it  not  to 
 his  houfe  till  about  the  endof-^/l^r^^  13  89.  the  iz.Ric. 
 2.  After  which,  the  next  y  Parliament  obtained  the  fta-  yn.Bjf.  2. 
 tute  of  Pr^w«;?/rf,  againft  the  Popes  conferring  any  Be-  j.'*?  -<^^3r 
 neficc  within  the  faid  Kingdomc  from  the  igoi January    '^^' "' 
 thcnenfuing;    and  no  pcrfon  tofrador  bring  any  furti- 
 monSj  or  fente nee  of  excommunication  againjl  any  for  the 
 execution  of  the  fame  lalPy  on  the  pain  oj  being  arrefied,  put 
 
 N  tn 
 
90  An  Hijlorkall  Vindication     Chap.I  V 
 
 ///  pnfofi^  forfcittire  of  his  Unis  y    tenements  &c.   ani 
 
 inc'Arriyi'^  to  ^  fun  of  life  ^  member^   &c.   The  intent  of 
 
 *,'-/^,-^"^*  ^'  which  Luv  .-.  Polidn  VLr'ril  ria-hdy  interprets  to  have 
 
 hifr.ltb.  zo.     .  -.  ir*'^ii'^  I  1^ 
 
 pij.4r7>  32-  ^^^^^y  a  CO  ift'iing  the  Papall  auaonty  wuhm the  Oce- 
 an, and  (oz  thef':eqLicntexa:T:ions  of  Romey  ut  ntilli  mor- 
 txlium  demceps  liceret  pro  cj^i^xvis  cxufx  xgere  apud Komx- 
 rtum  Pontificem ;  ut  qi^ifpixm  in  Anglia  ejus  autoritate 
 impius  religionifque  ho(l is  public e  declxrxretur^  neve  cxe- 
 q:ii  txle  mxndxtum  fi  quad  ab  illo  hxberet,  6cc.  To  which. 
 -.•  T  6.  ^c.  2.  law  three  years  after  fonie  other  *  .*  additions  were  made ; 
 ^""i'^'  andnoneofthefe  were  ever  repealed  by  Queen  CUxry^ 
 
 whothoughflie  did  admit  a  union  withthe  Church  of 
 RomeyYctin  reftoring  the  Popes  Supremacy  the  State  u- 
 '^^M^cljee  ^^^^^  /.'great  caution,  as  it  ever  fcemed  tome  rathera 
 Cook  infl.'i.  verballthenrcall  admilTion  of  his  audority  ;   which  it 
 fog.izj,       fcenis her  Majefty  well underftood,  inthatflie  would 
 never  permit /'^//o  to  appear  before  her  in  the  quality  of 
 either  Cardinall,  Bifhop,  or  Lcgat,  to  all  which  he  was 
 *r.Caiholick  preferred  by  Pauk^  ±.    But  where  *.•.  fome  would  ex- 
 Jweriosr.  El  cufc  tlicfe  and  fuch  like  laws,  as  pad  by  confent  and  tole- 
 Cook,  cafAz.  ration  frem  Rome^o\:2ii  lead  by  the  importunity  of  the  L:iy\ 
 
 ^^llxliT^'  ^^^^  ^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  enough  fliew  the  Papall  care,  in  fuf- 
 fering  nothing, they  could  (top, might  any  way  prejudice, 
 that  See.  And  for  the  Blfliops  paHTing  the  i6  Ric.  z.prcf- 
 fcdby  the  Tcmporalty,itis  fomuch  otherwife  ,  asthat 
 Statute  is  enrolled  on  the  defire  of  the  Archbifliop  of 
 Canterbury,  Rot.  Pari.  i6.  Ric.  2.  numcro  20.  in  fine. 
 
 20.  In  the  fame  Parliament,  the  Commons,  as  it 
 fecms,mLich  exafpcrated  againfl:  the  Popes  colledour, 
 
 ■i-^^^^-Va-tl.  do  yet  farther  ^  petition,  he  may  have  the  warning  of 
 fourty  dales  given  him  ro  be  gone  out  of  the  kingdomc, 
 fur  peine  d'cftre  pris  come  enemy  d'.i  RoyC  ranceone -^  d^ 
 qe  di'fore  en  avxnt  nid  colleciour  foit  dernoera^nt  dcin7  le 
 Royalme  d'  Englctcrre,  s' tine  foit  lige  du  Roy^  &  qe  mefme 
 cejluifxcc  7ttd  rien  a  contrairede  Icjlxtute  de  Proviforsfxit 
 en  cejl prefent  Pxrlement  J  frr peine  de  vie  &  de  membre. 
 
 1  3.  JI.IC.  2.7^ 
 43 
 
Chap.  IV.    oj the  Church  of  l^n^^nd.        91 
 
 Ja?iz,perdjny  conjider.i7it  les  mcs chiefs  Cy"  damages  qe  Us 
 Co  Ik  clours  efltAJig^s  ou7itfaitz  dcin7  U  Roy. time  deva'n^  ces 
 heures.  Bur  to  this  the  aiil\\'cr  only  is,  Le  Roy  s'  adviftr.t. 
 
 2  I .   Af:cr  thcfc  petitions  and  Lnvs,  however  they  fuf- 
 fKicntly  bair'dtheCourtofyv^;?.^  from  medlingwith  this 
 Church,  and  enough  ihcwed  the  right  of  [he  Kingdoir.c 
 in  reforming  of  it  lelf,  and  redrelllng  aU  inconveniences 
 came  unto  it  from  bevond  lea:   vet  the   Kini;  haviniz;a 
 power  of  difpenling  with  thole  ilatutes,  thismifchiefen- 
 lucd  :  divers  who  ealily  obtained  letters  of  provifionto 
 a  good  bcnchcetrom  the  Papacy,  fucd  to  the  King^who 
 held  fair  correfpondcncy  with  the  Popes  )  that  they 
 might  put  his  bulls  in  execution;   who  delayed  hiscon- 
 cclVionsfomctimesaycaror  longer,  after  the  vacation  of 
 the  living, during  which  theOrdinary  had  admitted  lome 
 able  perlbn  into  the  place ,  who  then  began  to  be  diftur- 
 bed:  for  prevention  of  which,  the  ^  {latutesof7.//f;^.4.  a7/ye».  4 
 and  3  .Hen.  5. were  made, that  no  licence  fliould  be  avail-  ^^^*  ^*  ^  ^■''' 
 ablcagaintl  any  poQVtl  ofa  hving  at  the  day  of  the  date 
 thereof,   and  farther  to  make  void  all  lb  granted.   x\fl:er 
 •.•  whichthe  contraft,   toolongtobehereinferted,   be-  •.•  Concor- 
 twecn  'JMAYtirn\\z  5 .  and  \\\zEngli^  Church ,  for  fetling  ^^^^  i^^^"^ 
 fevcrali difputes  of Ecclefiaftick  cognizance, as  oiuniti?7g  &  EcdcHam 
 benefices,  conjolidattons,  ^c.  was  concluded;    in  which  Anolicanam 
 the  Papacy  leems  to  permit  fuch  particulars  to  the  En-  "^/^]'^f'*^[^- 
 ^///7-;Clergy,as  they  would  not  be  retrained  in  ,  though  ^mBibiio- 
 ibrmerlv  claimed  not  to  be  exercifed  but  by  his  auctori-  •^^^^'^'^  Cottoa. 
 ty.  Yet  the  8. /V^i'^i.  5.^/.  10. the  Commons  petition,  cje 
 )iulfcrfone,  de  quel  eji ate  o:i  conditio?i  qu  it Joit^nc  amejfie 
 ichors  du  Roy  dm  e  a  Engletcrre —  or  7ie  argent  Pour 
 marchcindife  de  feinte  EJgliJe ^OH  autre  grace  ou  priviled^e 
 d^feinte  Efglife  avar  ,?ie pour  autre  ctufe  quccoTtque,  t^c. 
 
 22.  It  would  be  here  tedious ,  and  no/ greatly  perti- 
 nent, to  repeat  all  the  provlfions  made  in  this  kind*,   fbr' 
 the  well-governing  the  Clergy  of  this  Kingdome,  and 
 prefcrving  of  them  free  of  deftruclion  from  abroad  ^ 
 
 N  2  which 
 
^2         AnHtJloricall  Fin  die  at  ion  Chap.  IV 
 
 which  yet  were  nevci'  fuch ,  but  the  Pope  and  his  officers 
 
 did  export  a  great  quantity  of  treafiire  from  them.  WU- 
 
 lum  Thorne  hath  recorded  the  disburfements  to  the 
 
 Court  oiKome  at  the  elcdioii  of  UUichael  Abbot  of 
 
 Saint  K^ugufime  1375.  ^^ot  to  have  been  leffe  then 
 
 42  s\-i7*.--io'*.  befidetheexpenceof  fuchas  werefeot* 
 
 and  what  was  paid  for  theioanof  mony  to  make  thefe 
 
 h  Jntiqui-       payments,T'/z..  i3o'.-iS'.-2'*.  OurHiftorians*  obfervc, 
 
 l*^/^^^f-x,J  in  the  Parliament  held  1532.  23  Hen.  8.  it  was  compu- 
 
 cr^nmeripsg.    tcd,  the  Papacy  had  received  out  of  EngUndiox:  only  the 
 
 581.  i.edit,    liiveftiturcs  of  Bifhopricks,  in  the  fourty  years laft  paft, 
 
 Alwi^tMen.  an  hundred  and  fixty  thoufand  pound  fterling,  which  is 
 
 s./oi  ccui.a.  fourthoafandpoundbytheyear:  an  incredible  fumme> 
 
 ^^^  J  *J        confidcring  the  poverty  of  the  Realm  for  lack  of  filver, 
 
 the  weight  ofthemony  then  currant,  and  the  ftri£l  laws 
 
 of  former  Princes  againft  fuch  likctranfportations. 
 
 23 .  Thus  having  fliew'd  the  beginning  of  the  Papall 
 audority  with  us,  and  how  from  the  generall  power  all 
 Biflaops  received  from  ChriHy  and  the  fatherly  care  fuch 
 as  wercinftrumentall  in  the  converfionof  a  people  did 
 carry  to  them  as  their  fpirituall  children,  and  the  obedi- 
 ence they  likewife  yielded  to  their  ghoftly  fathers ,  the 
 Popebeganby  fteps(asl  may  fay)  to  exercifea  domini- 
 on over  the  Clergy  here,  and  not  ftopping  there ,  upon 
 various  pretences,  by  feverall  waies,and(as  it  appears ) 
 degrees ,  to  become  fo  far  lord  of  their  Temporalis, 
 that  they  might  not  difpofe  of  them,  well,  contrary  to 
 hisliking.becaufehehadthe  foleruleof  all  committed 
 to  him  from  Chrijl :  the  firft  point  I  conceive  fufficient- 
 ly  proved,  'vi7.  that  what  was  gained  thus  by  great  indu- 
 ftry,  at  fundry  times,  by  feverall  means,  could  no  way^ 
 fpeak  his  fuperintendency  over  this  Church^/^r^^'V/;?^?. 
 ^    The  fecond  point  remains,  wherher  our  Princes,  by 
 the  advife  of  their  Clergy,  had  not  auftonty  tocaufe- 
 them  reform  this  Church,  without  anynewaffumpti- 
 ga  of  power,  not  formerly  inveftcd  in  the  Crowns 
 
 which: 
 
Chap.  V.   of  the  Church  (^^England.  93- 
 
 which  leads  mc  to  (hew  what  the  Rcgall  powci-  m  fxcr'is 
 was  here  held  to  be,  before  Hen.  the  S .  and  Komt  divided 
 each  from  other. 
 
 Chap.      V. 
 
 Ho^lpfar  the  l^ga/l  poiver  did  extend 
 
 it  felfin  matters  eccleftaflicalL 
 
 Iiforelenter  into  the  difputcof  the  right  the 
 kings  of  Ey7gUnd<ii\^  exercifc  in  the  regi- 
 ment of  this  Church,  I  hold  it  not  unnecef- 
 fary  to  fee,  in  what  Divines  hold  ecclefiaftick 
 au£loritydoth  confift.  *  BtLUrmtm,  ^  Turrecremata2X\<i  ^d: Romany 
 others  divide  fpirituall  power  into  Or  dints  ,   which  they  ^^ntif.  Uh.  4. 
 refer  to  the  adminiftration  of  the  Sacraments;  and  If4nj^  blumEc-^' 
 ^;^;(?w//,  which  they  hold  double, ////^rW/,  wherethe  cief.bh.i., 
 Divine  by  perfwafions,  wholefomeinftrudioasjghoftly  f^?»s>3,96j. 
 counfell,  and  the  like,  fo  convinces  the  inward  confci- 
 ence,  as  it  is  wholly  obedient  to  his  didates/uch  as  thofe 
 of  St.  P^/^r  were  A£ts  ii.  3  7.  zndexternall ,  where  the 
 ChurQh/?jforo  exteriori  compellsthe  Chriftians  obedi- 
 ence.     Nowforthefirft  andfccondof  thefe  ,   the  King 
 did  not  take  upon  him  at  all  tomeddle  ;  for  he  neither 
 afTumed  to  himfelf  a  power  of  preaching  ,  teaching , 
 binding,  or  loofing  inforo  anim<€y  adminiftring  the  \\o\f 
 Sacraments,  conferring  Orders,  nor  to  any  particular  is 
 properly  annexed  to  them  5  only  to  fuch  things  as  are  of  ] 
 
 tlie  outward  policy  of  thcChurch,  as  that  God  may  be- 
 truly  fervcd  ,  fuch  as  tranfgreflb  the  received  lawful! 
 conftitutions  even  ofthe  Church,  fitly  pum/hed  ,  by  the 
 right  ofhis  Crown  ,  the  continuedpradliceof  hisAnce- 
 ftours,  he  could  not  doubt  but  he  might  deal  in  ,  caufing 
 all  others,  be  they  Clerks  or  other,  that  offend ,  to  fuffer 
 condigne  pu  aiflimcnt. 
 
 N   3;  z,  Eor: 
 
94-      ^^^  HiHoricall  Ftndic^tion  Chap.  V. 
 
 2.  For  the  better  undcrftanding  howfarthc  ecclefia- 
 ftick  rule  of  our  Princes  did  extend, we  are  to  knoWjthey 
 were  never  doubted  to  have  the  fame  \v  ichin  their  domi- 
 nions, ConJt^ntitu  had  in  the  Empire-^  and  our  Bifliops 
 to  have  that  St. /'^/rr  had  in  the  Church.  iE^^Conftan- 
 tini,  vos  Vcingl.tdium  hahetisin  man'tbus^  faid  King  Edgar 
 crf/>«JAilre-  to  his  Clcrgv,  in  that  his  fpecch  fo  <^  recommended  to 
 
 dumco/.  poilerliy.  And  therefore  ,  as  after  the  Chriftia;!  ma<ii- 
 "6116.        •f  ^ 
 
 Bcato  leoo  tUatc  began  to  have  government ,  aflairs  of  molt  con- 
 CUIUS  viccm  ccmment  in  the  Church  (as is  ^  laid)  had  their  depcn- 
 fum.'^crpmi/.  dance  on  the  Empcrour  ,  the  grcatetl  Synods  called  by 
 carol.  c^Lu-  him,  and  the  holy  men  of  thole  times  did'  not  doubt  the 
 doyic.  lib.  5.    continuing:;  to  him  the  title  oiPontifex  maxtmus,  as  ^  Ba- 
 
 cap.  165.  ^  in-        ■     I   I  J         ^ 
 
 dSocra*.  p>'o-  roHUiS  no^QS^Jinc  ulla  ChriJtiiinttAtts  Live  \  ana  as  Con- 
 hg.  ad  lib.  5.  (Icintwe  did  efteem  the  Ecclefiafticks  TT^Tnar.JTOf  i^K>.y^^^ ,  but 
 cion^  -i.^nno  himfclf  ^1^  Uiig  ^}^  ei2  yjc^gxt(yS{j(3r  y^noKo^e-,  them  for  things 
 M2  w.  100.  within,  but  himfclf  for  matters  without  by  God  appoin- 
 '^Eufcb  c/e  tedaBifliop:  lb  the  fame  Kin c^£^^/?r,  ^  nolcile  to  be 
 tjilib.  ^-.cap.  remcmbred  by  mzErjgUjh  then  Charts  the  Great  by  the 
 24-         .      French  ,  was  S  folicitous  of  the  Church  of  his  Kins;- 
 
 f  V  \ctr   Wi- 
 
 poru.  y^««o  dome,  veluti  Domini  fedultiSK^gricoU^  :\n(\  Paflornm 
 974.  p.  j6o.  p.^^r,  was  reputed  and  writ  himlclf  the  Vu^r  of  thrifts 
 ^-Re^uUris  aj-i^byhis  h  laws  and  Canons  affured  the  world  he  did 
 nctiiScldcni  not  in  vaiu  affume  thofe  titles, and  yctjineulla  Chrijliani- 
 u^Eadmer.  /^//j /^^^,  fo far as antiquity  cvcr  notcd. 
 5^^*55,6/15.  3.  What  particulars  thofe  wcrcthe  Empcrours  did 
 ^  concil.  hold  Tti  utcV  Tiff  MtxxWa^ ,  to  be  without  the  Church,  be- 
 Spelm  pag.  lomrino;  as  I  may  fay  to  their  Eptfcop.uy,  nothinc;  can  bet- 
 ^a^.^yc.cap.  tcr  tcach  us  then  their  ccunmands  yet  remainingu"!  the 
 8.  \\Ae  leg.  laws  they  publiflit;  as  in  Cod.Theodof  defer  its, de  7iup- 
 ^  war  .cap.  ^^^^^  ^^  dcfde  cathoUcA,  de  Fpifcopis  ccclef,  &  Cle- 
 h  coned.  ruts.,  de  A'fonachis,  de  H^reticis^  de  K^pojfatis.de rcligionc^ 
 ^P'^'^'^^  ''l'^-  deepifccpaltjudicio,  (See.  Cod.  luft.  lib.  i .  Tit.  i .  2, 3 , 4,  5. 
 47(5,'  "  6cpairjm  inco  randiniheNcvells,  Novel.6.  ^omodo 
 oporteai  ep^flopos  C^  c^teros  ctertcos  ad  or din.itiones perdu* 
 ci.  Novel.  137.  dc  ordtnatioiie  Epifcoporum  &  Cleruo- 
 
 nun. 
 
Chap-  V.  of  the  Qhurch  6/ England.  9> 
 
 rum.  The  prefaces  to  which  two  laws  are  remarkable  : 
 thcfiift  fliewingthc  Priedly  office  is  Divinis  wimjirarey 
 and  the  Princely,  maxiw,tm  habere  fulluiatduicm  circ.i  ve- 
 ra D.idogmat.t,  &  circa  facer  datum  honcjlatcrn^  &c.  liic  o- 
 thcrbcginningthiis,  Sicivihi/s  leges,  quarum  poicJLttem 
 nohis Deus  pro  fua  ra  ho?ni?iCS  ht/Hgthitate  cr^didit^firmas 
 ahomn'.htis  cuflodiri  ad  cbedicntiHm [ec:trit;itim  fiud'.mus^ 
 quanta plifsjludu  adhiberedebcmus  circificrorum  Carionurn 
 &divinariim  legurn  cujlodiarn  \  And  accordingly  Novel. 
 12  5. in  43  chapters  hedidcftablifli  many  particulars  per- 
 taining to  the  government  of  the  Church  and  Church- 
 men;   and  Novel.  13 1  .notonly  1  appointed  the  obfcr-  '^^'^t!>^' 
 vanceofthcfourtirdgcnerallCouncels,   but  "^  decrees  '^'^•'^ -» 5,4- 
 thcplaceorprecedcncy  ofthe  Pope  ofi^^w^and  Arch- 
 bifliop  o^ Cu.'jjlarj>ti?iople{ho\.\\^  be  according  to  their  dc- 
 finitionsabove  all  other  feats,  and  how  far  the  Diocc- 
 fesoffome  Chairs  by  him  newly  creeled  fliould  extend, 
 befides  other  points  in  feverall  chapters  to  the  number 
 of  1 5,  treating  of  particulars  folely  heldnowof  ecclefia-  seeso^ii,. 
 (lick cognizance;   asdid  likewife  C^-^^r/j the  Great,  and  *-^^» 
 Ludovuus  Pius  m  their  capitulars  in  very  many  places. 
 But  withthcfe  I  have  not  took  upon  me  farther  here  to 
 meddle,  then  by  naming  Ibme,  tofliew,  they  having, 
 been  praftis'dby  Emperours,  the  Kings  of  England ,  en- 
 dowed from  above  with  the  fame  :xudion{\tncccleJii/li' 
 ciSi  might  very  lawfully  within  their  dominions  exercifc 
 the  like  :  the  qucllion  therefore  will  be,  what  they  did 
 underftand  their  power  in  the  Church  to  be,  and  accor- 
 dingly how  farthey  did  extend  it  in  ufe. 
 
 4.  Asforthefii-rt,  nothingcan  fpeak more  clenr then, 
 what  thcmfclvcs  publiflit  on  mature  diW^  fad  deliberati- 
 on,yet  remaining  in  their  laws;   in  which  vvc  find  the 
 Recall olfice  thus  "  defcribed  :   R,Xj  quia  v'lcxrius  ftm-^  nZe^.  £dw. 
 mi  Re<iis  ell ,  ad  hoc  cfl  ca,i(litutus  ,   //:  re'/ntim  terrenum,  ^^"I^'J-^-^P- '  7* 
 (y  popiilur,i  Domini  J  CTy  fupcr  oynytia.jancpam  vcncrctur  ec- 
 d-'Jjam  ejus  J  &  rcgatj  &  ab  Dijuriojis  d  'fc/idat :  and  a  litr 
 
96         An  Hijloricali  Vwdicaticn  Chap.V. 
 
 tie  CLdcv.Dckt  Rex  Deum  timer e  fuftr  omnia,  &dtligere^ 
 &m:i?tdata  ejus  per  totum  regnum  fuum  frvarf^^    dtht 
 
 cli.tm piKcljime^tleriam  re^ni  Jul,  cum  omnt  int€grttate& 
 
 lihert.itc^jiixtx  conjhtut tones  txtrum& ^r^deccffot  um,Jer- 
 
 i\ire,  fovere,  munutenere,  regere^  &  contra  tntmicos  d:-' 
 
 fendere,  tsaut  Dens  pr^e  C4:tcrjs  honontury  &  pr^  oculis 
 
 fimPer  hjibeatitr,  Sec. 
 
 cup.  II.  M^.         Cnnutus,o  Notts  omjtt  ope  atque  opera  enitcndvim  erit^ 
 
 109. lorval.    cj^uapcttp^mumrattoiie ea  exquiramHi  conjiltaj  qua  ad Ret^ 
 
 fofV^'-viVe  p^hlic£  pertinent  uttlitatem,  ptetatcm  corjfirmerit  chrijlta- 
 
 cap  z^^.pxg.     ?nm., atqtie  omnemfunditus I'd'jujlitiam  evertanty &c.  lor- 
 
 106.  lorval.    'z/^/i';^//;  renders  it,  quomodo  pofsit recla  Chrijliamtas 
 
 ^  propenjius  erigi. 
 
 p  Lfg.inccin  Ina,  P  In  magna  fervor  um  Dei  frequentia  religtofejlu- 
 ^Ipudloiwui'  ^  l^^^^tum*  animorum  noHrorum  filutty  turn  communi 
 col.  761 ,  41 .  rcgni  nojlrt  confervationi ;  which  lorvdlenfis  reads,  folli' 
 *  ra pla  ^^^f^s defalute animarum  noJlrarum& deftatu  regniyf^Z^- 
 suxort-  ing  the  care  both  of  his  fubjedls  fouls  and  bodies,  howe- 
 
 ver  after  a  diftering  way,  did  in  Ibme  meafure  pertain 
 unto  him. 
 
 5.  Neither  did  thcfe  cxpreffionspalTeonly  from  the 
 
 word  of  our  Kings;  but  from  Ina,  Rex  maxtme  pius  ^TiS 
 
 74o?»!^l  A.^    ^  Earornus  ftilcs  him ;  from  Canutus^  who  not  only  him- 
 
 5feHunt,/o/.  fclf  103 1.  Went  in  devotion  to  Rome^  but  was  acknow- 
 ^F^bb°rt^  Icdged  "^  ergaecclejias  atqueDeifervos  hentgnifsimus  Ur- 
 Carnotcnfis  gitor -^  £^iV4r^the  Confeflour,  3  cauouizcd  Saint ;  fa- 
 epifl.97jot-  mousfor  being  the  beft  Kings  andholycft  men;  who 
 Ptfr/r.i6oV  didnot  onlyleaveusin  their  laws  the  Kings  part,  but 
 what  they  conceived likewife  the  Bi/hops  was,  ztz.to 
 iLei-  canut.  bc  ^  Dci  pr^cones  ydivtnijurts  tnterpretcs,  that  they  were 
 ^'*^  ~^'  ^j''^-  rerum  divinarum  commoda  pr  adit  are  palam,  that  for  and 
 lorval.  cap.  to  the  pcople  they  fhould  vigilare^  excub.ire,  proclamarCy 
 ^4-fo/. 92i>  (Scc.asthofe  that  ^  contra  fpintualcs  ncquitias  debent  po~ 
 7sequortnre-  p^^opravidere.hy  letting  them  know,  qt4i  Deipraceptis  o- 
 liqmslotsi'  bedire  ncgUxerit^  hicium  tpfo  Deo  commune  non  habeat. 
 icnfcm.        And  this  is  that  fword  of  St*  Ftter  mentioned  by  King 
 
 Ed' 
 
Chap.  V.    of  the  Omrch  o/Eiigland.       97 
 
 Edgar  ,  which  when  the  holy  Bifliops  of  the  primitive 
 times  did  only  put  in  execution  ,  they  neither  found 
 Princes  backward  in  fupporting  their  delignes ,  nor  peo- 
 ple icfraclory  to  their  exhortations.  Thus  we  lee,  as  they 
 declared  theoiHceofaKing,  they  were  not  filent  in  that 
 of  a  Bifhop, (hewing  how  cither  laboured  in  his  wr.v  the 
 reducing  people  to  piety, and  a  vcrtuous  life^  the  one  by 
 making  good  lawsfor  compelling  the  wicked, the  other 
 by  giving fuchinllrticlions  as  convincedihe inward  man. 
 6.  So  that  we  often  meet  with  the  Prince  extending 
 his  commands  to  the  fame  things  the  Pricft  did  his  pcr- 
 fujfions  :   as 
 
 I.  In  point  of  Sacraments,  "That  children /bould  be  ujorval  r^^, 
 baptized  within  30  days  after  b\ti\\,Leg.h2a  cap.i.pag.i.  -^^^-  7^^- 
 
 I I.  And,  becaufe  it  feems  fome  Priefts  were  negli- 
 gent performers  of  that  duty,^'  That  fuch  as  were  noi  *iorv;^i.  h^. 
 prepared,  or  denied  the  baptizing  of  them, fliould  be  pu-  cqC%,o.^^'^* 
 niflied.  Leg.Ed.&Guthrumcap.i.pag.^z.  excerptiqu^es 
 Egbert!  dtp,  10,  11,12.  tnconcil.  Spclm.pjg.z<,^.\vhzTQ. 
 
 you  may  obfcrve  the  Kings  precept  to  impofe  on  the 
 tranfgreflbr  the  payment  of  12  yora.but  the  Bifliops  to  j  v.hat  Ox^i 
 be  onely  perfualive.  jpasjce  Mr. 
 
 III.  Noperfontobeadmitted  tothe  Eucharift,  bea  q"/^"^"* 
 Godfather,  receive  confirmation  from  a  Bifhop  ,  not 
 knowing  the  Pater  uS^JIer  and  Belief.  Canones  datt  fuh 
 
 Edga.ro  &  legihus  ejus  annexi,  cap.  1  7.  22  .^.  67.  C^'  ?  Leg.  \  lorval.  c^t^. 
 Canuti  cap.zz.  p.  \o^.Spelm.  Concil.cap,  zz.  pag.  599.  ^7'""  ^^^' 
 
 IV.  That  perfonsinftrudcd  fliould  receive  the  Com- 
 munion thrice  every  year.  ^  Leg.Canut.cap.  19.^,1 04-.       a  Jorvalcnfis 
 
 V.Rcftraincd  by  their  laws  matrimony  to  the  6^^  de-  ^■*?-^-^°^' 
 grccoiconlangumity.  ^ Leg.Canut. cap, -j. p. \oi,  b^/>»*iiiorval. 
 
 VI.  Referved  to  thcmfelves  a  liberty  of  difpenfing  f^p.ir  co.pi? 
 with  the  marriage  even  of  Nuns.  ^Lcz.  K^Utred.  cap.%.  ^^07^1-  ^'f' 
 
 A      .  •      •  ,      r  -1  •    ^1        9cqI.  825. 
 
 ^.25.     And  It  is  not  to  be  forgot,  m  that  particular, 
 Lanfrank  joyns  the  Kings  advife  ("as  aperfon  of  equall 
 power;  with  his  own,  :,&hoc  ^/,faitk  \\z^confiltum  Regis  "^  ■^z^''!?^"^' 
 &9^ru?n,  O  7. Com-     '  ^'" 
 
9S        ^hHtJloricall Vindication    Chap.  V. 
 
 VII.  Commanded  th'obfervance  ofLent /'r/^a/?^// 
 aticloritate.  Bcda//^.  3 .  cap.  S. 
 
 VIII.  Appointed  certain  daies  to  be  held  fcftivall  by 
 the  better  fort,  but  allowed  the  fervantand  labourer  to 
 
 fu^^sTlo/!^*  work  in  them.  ^  Leg,  i^luredicap.  39.  pag,  3  3  .which 
 %i6,6o.  the  laws  of  CanutHsi'c^vw  after  to  takeaway.  ^  Leg.  Ca- 
 ciorval.^^  nut.c.ip.\z,  43-/'^^^.  ii8.  See  \\\zkz  fng.  103.  cap.  14, 
 6c),yll7il  16,  i7.which  wasiikewife  exercifed  \  191. by  Richard 
 71. col. 927-     the  2. 
 
 roVpio/Ti^.  I  ^^^^  ^^^^  ^h^^*-*  ^<^i<^s  for  the  obfcrvation  of  the 
 i7>  18, 19,  Lords  ^4^,  payment  oiTythes,  Incontinency,2in&  fuchlike, 
 20. Thorn      (heidnow  merely  of  Ecclefiaftick  cognizance)  for  the 
 
 C0/.2I97,  15-    ^       ,.,..-,     -^  ^  '' 
 
 multiplicity  of  them. 
 
 IX.  Divided  old,  and  ereded  new  Bifhopricks.  ^^^-^ 
 lib.  3 .  cap.  J  Jib.  4.  ^4-^.  iz.lib.  $.cap.  19. 
 
 ideecdef.Ub,  ^^d  yet  this  is  that  ^Cardinall^^//4r»;/«^  holds  a  point 
 Noutertio.    of  fohigh  concernment,  no  man  can  do  it  without  au- 
 
 (Sojity obtained  from  Rome:  which  yet  we  neverread 
 .-.Fiorent.  to  havc  been askcd,  /.  though  T/6^^^f?r^  679  erededfive 
 Wigorf.559.  (  confenfa Regis  )z.tontt[.\xiQ  j  and  fome  other  altogether 
 
 without  the  Popes  hking  ,  asthofein  the  North,  after 
 
 th*  cxpulfion  o^Wtlfrid.    Confer  Beda  lib.  4.  cap.  i  2  ,cum 
 
 Uhro  5 .  cap.  20.  But  of  this  before. 
 
 X.  Caufed  the  Clergy  of  their  Kingdome  to  meet  in 
 councels.  Malms. fol. z6. z.  i%.2LW<i  fometimes  prefided 
 themfelvesinthem,thoughthe  Popes  Legate  werepre- 
 lent.  Conctl.  Spelm,  pag.  292,  293  .  pag.  189,  & pafstm 
 tbtd.  Vita  Lanfranci  cap.  6.  col.  1  -p^g.  7.  V^dc  fiorent.  Wi- 
 gorn.K^n.  i070./>4g-.  434. 
 
 7.  Of  the  Crowns  commanding  in  thcfe  particulars, 
 it  is  apparent  to  have  been  in  pofleffion,  the  Pope  feeing 
 and  not  interrupting  any  whit,  whilft  the  Saxon  and  Bane 
 bare  here  the  fway  ;  when,  to  fpcak  truth,  it  feems  to  me 
 notfo  much  to  have  been  infifted  on,  by  whofe  audori- 
 ty  the  thing  commanded  was  done,  as  a  care  taken  of  all 
 fides  nothing  fliould  be  required  but  juft,  and  pious ; 
 
 which 
 
Chap.  V  of  the  Church  ^England.  99 
 
 which  made  each  precept,  without  difpiitc,  from  \\hat 
 author  foever  it  proceeded, be  readily  yielded  unto :  and 
 fo  the  TlormAns  found  it,  under  whom  the  firft  conten- 
 tions (  concerning  jurifdiction  )  with  the  Sec  o{Rome  be- 
 gan. For  before ?^////^w  the  tirft  pofleil  himlelfof  this 
 Crown,  itis  certain,  thcf;;^////?  Biihopshad  noordma- 
 ry  Courts  diftinguifli'd  from  the  Lay,  but  both  fccular 
 and  ecclefiaftick  Magiftrate  fate  and  judged  together , 
 what  pertained  ^^  objirvantiam  rcl.-giorjts  locis  fuis^c!^  h  ^ 
 fuA  diceccjcos  fJKodiS'^  as  was  likewiie  the  cuftome  *  in  j,«ij*;v.  csf, 
 France.  Ub.c.ca^. 
 
 8.  This  were  enough  manifeft,  in  that  wc  find  the  ^"^^ 
 Lay  not  only  prefent,  but  fubfcribers  to  many  of  our  an- 
 cient g  councelsj   didnotthelawsof  ^  £//7^/)?4;^,  »  Ed-  gi^^oncil. 
 gar,  ^  Canuttis  farther  afllire  us.  It  is  probable,  inferiour  l^\i^^_^' 
 judicatures  did  refer  matters  of  doubt  to  the  greater  hd/)«^ior- 
 
 Courts  orlCyjiegClllOC,to  be  held  twice  a  year,  as  the  56. 
 former  edicts  and  ^  Ibme  Councels  did  eftablifh  :  which  ifrt;- y  p<54. 
 
 produced  that  care  in  the  Councel  of*"  Celichyth  816.  %jl^i^^laf. 
 the  B:fhop(houldtranfcribc  judgements  given  in  quali-  10. 
 cunoj^ue  fy?iodo  of  what  pertained  to  his  diocefe,  andhe  ^  7orvIl*^'*'^' 
 to  keep  one  copy,and  the  party  whom  it  concerned  an-  r^p  sS.pu^. 
 other  of  fuch  determination  ('which  I  take  to  be  thofe  9^4 
 laws  mentioned  by  "  Eadmerus,  vjhich  as  they  were  re-  cJUhapud 
 pofedinfomepartsof  the  Church,  fowere  thepleas(^as  Spcin-an.c./p. 
 it(eems)  ufually  ^  there  held  J  But  the  Conqueror,  fin-  ^/''•^'/^^^'i, 
 ding  thefe  proceedings  tobew^;^  benCineque  fecundum  man.  <ro««/. 
 fan^orum  c.tnonum  prdcepta  ^  &c.   did  by  his  Charter  ?•  jvO."p-9. 
 makeadiftin£tion  of  the  Courts,  that  fuch  as  were  con-  ^.^{  ccnafi- 
 ventedby  theBifhop  fhouldanfwer  nonfecundum  Hun-  umDorobct- 
 di^d.fed  fecundHm  canones  &  epifcopales  leges  <3cc.   The  "^"'^^""^'^'^^  ♦ 
 Charter  to  R  migius  Bifhop  o{  Lincoln  is  upon  record,  o.>^p«^Gcr- 
 P  publifhedby  many,and  was  certainly  by  the  Conque-  vafcT-Mn^. 
 rour  directed  to  every  Diocefe  through  the  Kingdome;  Turoot.^?  • 
 for  ihavefccnin  an  hand  ofq   Ed^^ard  the  firftone  for  Duytitnufi 
 
 Or  ecc'rfulib    ?. 
 
 ^  c.ip.  10  col. 
 
 35.  6.      p     See  it,:n  Sr. 'Ld.  Cook  Jnp,  ^,cai>.  $}. p.  219.      q     incintiquo  AUr.hfcr^ 
 
I OO        An  Hijloricall  Fiiidication     Chap,  V, 
 
 London^  tt^i^yin^ii  was  then  found  iii  the  Epifcopallrc- 
 gifter there. 
 
 9.  When  this  paft  the  King,  whether  at  the  Popes 
 Lcgats  being  here  for  depolMig  Stygand  i070.(about 
 which  time  Hiftorians  remember  he  madefome  begin- 
 ning for  fettling  the  f;^^/;/??  laws,  and  is  therefore  likely 
 to  have  then  paft  this  )  or  when  they  were  here  for  fet- 
 tling the  difputc  between  York  and  Canterbury,  or  at 
 what  other  time,  is  uncertain.  Yet  I  cannot  deny,  ic 
 feemeth  to  me  to  have  given  th'  occafion  of  thole  ex- 
 i^puJ  Baron,  preflions  in  '  K^lexander  the  2.  his  letter  to  him  ,  that 
 
 WOT.  2.  ^nn.    Y  -  in  ■  i 
 
 iQ7i.».  9.  t"C  \JOX.\(XyinmMigno  ^ojitHS ^pus  jolito  pravts  incumbAt 
 JludiiS'y  tarnen  inter  mundiprincipes  &  reciorcs  egregiam 
 'vejir^religtomsf^mum  intelligimuu  &  cjuantum  honoris 
 fin^A  Eceleji£  turn  Simoniac^  vires  opprimendo ,  (which 
 is  apparently  fpoken  of  i'/;'g4«^/)  turn  catholicdhbertatis 
 ufus & officia\hy  which  queftionleffe  he  points  at  this 
 charter  )  confirmando  ^vejira,  virtus  impendat^  non  duhin 
 relatione  cognofctmus  ,  &c.  Now  certainly ,  if  he  did 
 grant  it  during  the  life  of  the  Pope,  it  muft  not  have  been 
 after  1 07  3 .  in  which  year  he  died.  I  confeffe,  I  have  not 
 met  with  any  clear  example  of  the  practice  of  it  during 
 the  reigns  of  that  King,  or  either  of  his  children.*  For 
 though  o^^y^/^^  about  1106.  writes  to //^wr^  the  firft, 
 f  who  had  puniflit  certain  Clerks  not  obfervingthede- 
 
 #i:adm«r»/>.  crecs  of  aCouncellheld  zxWeJlminfter  1 102  )  ^  quodha- 
 ^'  ^^  Benus  tnauditum  &  inufitatum  in  ecclefia  Dei  de  ullo  Rege 
 
 O*  de  aliquoprinctpe\  non  enim pertinet  fecundum  legem 
 'Deihujufmodi  culpam  vindtcare,  niji  adfingulos  epifcopos 
 perfuasparochtas:  yet  I  conceive  this  is  to  be  interpre- 
 ted of  the  King  doing  it  alone  without  the  Bifliop  ,  not 
 \fhen  they  both  joyned  together  afterthe  mannerthen 
 
 urf/>MaEad-    in  ufe,   which  himfelf  clfewhere  "  advifes  Rufu^  unto  5 
 
 aacr.p^.  z4j  Concmur  unayturegiapotcftate  &  ego  Ponttficali  author  i- 
 tatCyquatenus tale quidindeftatuatur, quod  cumpertotum 
 fueritregnum  divulgatumyfolo  cttamaudnu,  quicunqueiU 
 
Chap-  V^  of  the  Church  ^/England.       loi 
 
 lius  fr.itor  eft  px^jcM  &  defrimxtHr.   I  can  take  this  for  no 
 
 other,  biittlucin  the  lavvior"^  Ethcljla?)^  Dcbe?it  epifco- x^pudiot- 
 
 Jfi  cum  fccuU)udicihtis  i?iterelfe  judicns^  ne  fer mutant^  (i  vJii^'nrcm,ro/. 
 
 pofsi/it^ut altqtiAprxvif atum germing puUuLtverint.   And    ^^'  ^^' 
 
 thclawsofy  //<f//r;'thcfirftarc  exprellc,  thcufe  to  have  y^'? //<•«!. 
 
 continued  in  his  daiesj   for  they  approve  the  ancient  in-  ^^^  ^^'  ^^^ 
 
 ftitution ^T\\\ige?ieralu  Comit.xtuuin pUcitii  certis locis  (^ 
 
 'v/c^i^us  convrtf  ire  Mere  jThatthcludgQS  in  thofe  Courts 
 
 Were  Epifcopi^  Comitesy  Vicedomini,  *5cc.   The  caufcsthcy 
 
 dealt  in  ,  and  order  of  proceeding ,  agxntur prima  dcbitx 
 
 njer.t  ChriHixntt.itis  jura^  fee  undo  Regis  pLicita^poJlremo 
 
 cauft  fi?igulorum,  dec.  And  why  may  notceru  /oca  hci:c 
 
 bcwhuti^^^felme  calls  Parochia,  the  Conqueror  Z//^/^- 
 
 dred> 
 
 1  o.  Buti^ood  laws  are  notalwaiesfiiddcnly  put  in  ex-  ^'Z^^'"fti(tt* 
 ecutionj   and  this  ot  the  Conqueror  wc  may  take  to  promuigxntttr, 
 have  flept,  till  towards  the  beginning  of  King  Stephen's  h^'*'*^^^  cum 
 time  it  had  got  fomc  ftrcngth,  for  then  we  meet  with  r7«wtTproW 
 plain  precedents  of  rhcEcclcfiaftickCourts  being  fever'd  m.Dif}.  4. 
 from  the  Lay.  T'>^^^^7/^ofC^;-^/^r^«rymole{lingthemo-  ^'^^*  5- 
 naftery  of  St.  K^uguftmes  concerning  certain  Priviledg- 
 es  granted  from  the  Papacy,  th' Abbot  obtained  a  bull 
 from  Innoccntitis  2 .  of  the  20  November  i  1 3  9 .  in  his  hou- 
 {^^ favour,  in  w hich  the  Pope  expoftulates  with  th'  Arch- 
 bifliop.z  quod  occafione  privtlegii  noftriy  idem  ^onaJlcrl-'^^^^^^^^^^L 
 um  vehementer  infeJlaSy  &  eccle/ias  eidem  coenobio  perti-  dido  Ms.  re- 
 nentes  eundemabbjitcm  ordlnxre  non  fines ,  quinpotiusvio-  P^P^o  in  auU 
 
 ,  I  ■  I    r  r  V  r        ■  r  StJ^.Tr'iniuiPS 
 
 knt^  domin.itione  ecclejias  eorum  prmatas  aueris  tnjre^ij'  canubr.  ante 
 fey  d^ presbyteros  ttiosy  invito  K^hbxte.C^  cjufdem  loci  fra-  200.  anms  ex- 
 trtbii^,  contra  Romanx  eccleJiiC  privtlegjit,  qmbus  ^^^^  ZIoMs  opt'^- 
 ccenob^um  eH  mHnittirn.,  in  els  ponere pr^jhmpjijfe :  nee  his  mje  mtx  .mte 
 contentus,  abb.ttemipfi4m.6^  homines  ejus  ,  ad  placitan-  l^*^rtngentos' 
 dum  (nper  hocm  curiam  tuam,  proui  ajjerunt,  pr^efum-  m  sachario,- 
 ptuofe  traxiflij  eifqueob  earn  rem  po^ nam  moliens  /^>/7/^^- M  49.  b. 
 
 1 1 .  William  ihorney  who  ^  mentions  this  1 1 3  9  •  4-  ^^^ 
 
 O   3  Steph. 
 
102  JnHijtorkaU  VinaiCAtion  Chap.V, 
 
 *r/^/>/7.obfcrvcsf  which  is  warranted  by  thebull  it  felf) 
 quodiJlelhcohzXdusprimo  K^bbatem  &  coiiventum  ad 
 caufoi trahere conatus ejl y2in(i'\s\ht  firft  I  have  noted  in 
 which  th'  Ecclefiafticks  alone  did  force  men  to  plead  in 
 their  Courts;  which,  as  it  doth  prove  they  then  had 
 them,  fo  we  may  conclude  them  not  long  to  have  been 
 polTeft  of  that  power:  for  it  is  altogether  improbable, 
 if  that  aft  ofKingrr////rfw  had  been  in  his  and  his  fonns 
 time  generally  praftic't,  but  fome  Archbifliop  >  in  above 
 fifty  years,  might  have  attempted  as  much,  ifnottothe 
 Abbot,  at  lead  to  fome  other,  as  after  this  the  examples 
 are  frequent,  of  which  one  in  the  122  epiftle  oilohamies 
 Sartsburienfis  is  not  unworthy  the  rcmembring.  Sym- 
 phorian  a  Clergy-man  ofTork,  accufed  one  Oj/'c^r/, Arch- 
 deacon of  the  fame  Church,  before  king  Stephen  ^  the 
 Bifliops  and  Lords,  1 1 5  4.  for  making  away  VVdlUm  the 
 late  Archbifliop  of  that  See  by  poyfon.  A  qucftion  grew, 
 to  whether  Court  this  caufe  belonged.  The  King  affir- 
 med it  to  belong  to  the  temporall ,  for  the  hcynoufnefs 
 of  the  faft,  and  becaufe  it  was  firft  entred  upon  in  his 
 prefcnce.  But  before  the  decifion  Stephen  dyed,  and 
 Henry  the  2*  fucceeded ;  de  cujus  mAntbus  ( faith  my  Au- 
 thor^ v'tx  cum  fummndijfi  cult  ate ,  in  manu  ualida  ,  cum 
 indignatione  Regis  &  omnium procerum^  jam  Ai^am  cau- 
 Jam  ad  ex  amen  ecclefiajiicum  revocavimus  5  from  whence 
 it  was  by  t..^^f4/carryed  to  Rome. 
 
 12.  But  what  this  «^^;^fvjx^^//W4fliould  be,  that  took 
 the  cafe  from  the  King,  I  cannot  imagine:  for  it  is  un- 
 doubted, in  all  difputes  of  this  nature,  the  Kings  Courts 
 have  been  ever  Judges  to  what  Court  the  caufe  did  bc- 
 buh.yde      long.  BraBon  fpeaksvcry  clearly;   ^  Judex ecclejiajlicus 
 ^Ap  i^\  r.    ^um  prohibitionem  k  Rcgc fuf.eper it,  Juperfcdere  debet  tn 
 fol.  412.  a.      omni  cafu^  fait  em  donee  conjlttertt  in  curia  Regis  ad  que??j' 
 pertineat  jurifdiclto:  quia  Jl  ludex  Ecclefiajiuus  ^Jiimare 
 pofit  anfua  cffetjurifdi^io ,  in  omni  cafu  tndi^cr enter  pro- 
 icdcret 7ion  ohjlante regiaprohibittonCj&iQ,  and  1 080  FFtl- 
 
 Itam 
 
Chap.  V.    of  the  Church  (^/England.        1 03 
 
 //4Wthefirll:,  ina  ^  CounccUat/Z/^^d?;^  in  2^y?nanciy  ,  by  cConcii.iik' 
 th'advifcofboth  cftatcSjEcclcfiaftick   and  Secular,  did  ^'^"•'"''p-  +7. 
 fettle  many  particulars  to  belong  to  the  cognizance  of  cu"nviu"ra 
 thefpirituall  ludge;   and  concludes,  that  if  any  thing  p-55i>554. 
 were  further  claimed  by  them,  they  fliould  not  enter 
 w^onxi ydoncc in cun.t  Regis  monflrent  quod  habere  dcbe- 
 ant.  Neither  were  the  Lay  to  molefl:  them  ni   the  exer- 
 cife  of  ought  there  mentioned, i):?;^^^  in  curiaRegis  mon- 
 a^cnt  quod  Epifcopi  hide  habere  non  dcbcant.    So  in  both 
 referving  the  dccifion  to  his  own  Courts ,  of  what  per- 
 tained to  each  :   info  much  as,  what  that  rtrong  hand 
 fhould  be,  did  thus  take  this  from  the  King,  I  muft  pro- 
 fefTenocto  underftand.   And  that  our  Kings  had  ever 
 an  infpedion  over  thofe  Courts,  is  not  to  be  doubted, 
 by  the  Charge  againft^rr/t^r,  in  which  Henry  thez.ur- 
 geth,  ^  quod  cuidtm  lohanni  coram  ipjo  litiganti  plenam  a  ^^ui  Gcr, 
 juHitiam  non  txhibmt ,    d^fuper  hoc  ad  Regis  prafentiam  Dorobcm. 
 'vocatHS  ,  venire  conttntpfit.   To  which  th' Archbifliop  ^^.V^^J^'  ''* 
 anfwered,  prjefato  lohanni  londtgnam no?i  defui(fe  jujliti-  feeK0t.Parl.a4 
 am  ^   d*  \o\\2i^v\Q.\\\  non  lezaiiter  curiam  fuam  tnfamalJe  ^  ^^'^f/?^'"' -• 
 
 (_>  -J  J  jj     '    Hen   <•  pei 
 
 qui  non  fuper  evangelium.ut  m  oris  ejl  y  fedfuper  veterem  descoe's.y', 
 cantuum  codicillurn ,  quern fecum  tuleratt  voluerit  pejera- 
 rcy  &c.  and  for  his  not  attending  the  King,  to  give  him  fa- 
 tisfadtion  in  the  point,  pleaded  th' excufc  ofrickne(re5 
 yet  for  that  contempt  was  adjudged  to  loofe  his  move- 
 ables. 
 
 By  which  it  is  evident,  th' Archbifliop  did  then  'ex-  f  Gcrvas. De- 
 ad oaths  of  fuch  as  were  called  into  his  Court,  that  he  'obcm.co/. 
 was  to  give  an  account  to  the  i^ing  or  his  carriage  in  Hovcdcn, 
 it,  who  by  hisconftiturions  hath  ever  directed  the  man-  ^'»  '165./)/. 
 ner  of  proceedings  in  It.  See  o^/.f/.  P4r/>yi««i?  i247./>.t^.  -    '    •     • 
 7^7^  2<),  i^nno  124.6.  pag.  J 16, 1.  But  of  this  /more  f«i7.§.xvu. 
 hereafter. 
 
 13.  The  Conqueror,  though  he  did  fliew  Co  much 
 complyance  with  the  Romani/l ,  as  not  to  deny  any  thing 
 formerKingshad  acknowledged  to  thePapacy  as  due,yet 
 
 farther 
 
104  ^^^  Hijloricall  Ftndication  Chap.  V. 
 
 g^«'^-C)'>  fattherthen  g  they  had  gone  would  in  nothing  fubmit 
 gor.  7 Writer  ^J^^.Q  [t;  and  as  thcy  had  by  their  edids guided  the  ecclcfi- 
 7.7  "4^^  allick  affaires  of  this  kingdomc  .[fo  he  proceeded  in  his 
 rtp«j  Baron.  I jwes ,  ^  h  l^thiu  fan^di  matris E cclefufumcns  exordium , 
 To"  9  «  '45!  ^^  ^^^  ^"^^^  [0'c\\'\z^  Henry  the  i  .How  tar  they  did  conceive 
 ;,  Hovcrdcn,  this  thcir  power  to  extend  in  thofc  matters ,  nothing  can 
 /o/.  ;4?a.i9.  better  teach  us  then  the  lawes  they  and  fuch  as  came  a f- 
 cap^^y  7.  ^  ter  them  (  princes  againtt  whom  no  exceptions  can  lye ) 
 ^  fum  ibidem,  ellabliflit,  and  ufages  they  maintained  as  the  rights  of 
 the  Kingdome,  in  oppofition  of  all  encroachments 
 whatfoever. 
 
 144  To  enumerate  all  thefePriviledges  (  I  conceive 
 them  with  our  aunceftors  better  called  Rights)  I  hold 
 impoffible,  the  foundation  or  ground  upon  which  they 
 are  built  being  that  power  the  divine  wifdome  hath  in- 
 vefted the fecular  Magiftrate  with,  for  prefcrvation  of 
 his  Church  and  people  in  peace,  againft  all  emergencies 
 from  whomfoever  proceeding-,  as  the  Bifliops  of  the 
 Province  of  Canterbury  writ  to  Thomas  Bccket  1 167. 
 \^^/f  ^°"  ^  Rex  h  Domino  conjiitutus  pact  providet  fubje5forum  fer 
 b.  5.  *  *  omnia '^  uthancconfirvet  Ecclefiisy  &  commijsis  Jibi popu- 
 liSy  dig?mates  Regibus  antefedebttas  &  exh'tbita4  fibi  vult 
 exhibcri.  And  this  ifluing  from  fo  great  auftority,  as  in 
 effedthe  body  of  all  the  Clergy  of  the  realm ,  cannot 
 be  imagined  to  be  other  then  the  conftant  opinion  of 
 th'£;ig///fc  Church.  In  what  thefe  Rights  have  been  put 
 in  pradifeinoppoGtiontoi^^?-^^  (of  which  I  now  treat) 
 may  infomefort  be  told :  but  to  fay  thefe  they  are  ,  and 
 noother,  is  thati  mean  cannot  be.  Sothat  we  mayfay 
 the  affirmative,  thefe  they  are,  but  not  the  nega- 
 tive ,  others  they  are  7tot.  Therefore  Eadmerus  will 
 ?Eadaier.p.6.  j^^^^  j^  ^f  ^^  Couqucrour,  that  ^  Cuncia  divinafi- 
 
 mul  &    humana    ejus  nutum  expeBabant  ^    that  is  tTi 
 
 foro  exteriori'^  infomuch  as  ,  when  the  Clergy  1530. 
 
 gave  the  King  the  title  oi  Head  of  the  Church,  they 
 
 intended  no  othei'thcn  their  fore-fathers,  when  they 
 
 called 
 
I '9. 
 p  Charles  Ic 
 Fayc  (bid.  pty, 
 27.  in  edit. 
 
 Chap.  V.  oft/jc  Qhurch  c/ England.       105 
 
 called  him  the  ^  Defender ,  Patron, governor ,  "  T'Mor  ofir.   ^  ^^-^^  ^•"•'''^ 
 15.   Which  the  French  do  attribute  to  thciu  KinG;s   ,y/~X^^^' 
 with  more  hard  expucnions  \  ^  Ce  que rno>iJlre[\^')s  one)  n  £/»;/?.  Vm- 
 quc  Ics evefqiiCs  de ce  tcr/ips  la,  eslimercnt  Ic  Roy.nfiijFe  de   •7//^„'^,?'j'.'' 
 JonconfcUd\'j}AtyeJire apres  Dieu  Chef  tcirien  dei^^fglife  pig.((^'j.-^%. 
 de  Ton  Roy.iume,&  non  pus  le  P  ape  aw  the  nesjative:  Which  t^''^^'"- 
 another  P  explains  thus  ,    Ce  n  ejt  point  pour  ecu  que  je  chctenie^u- 
 'vtieiUe  dire,  ce  que  aucuns  ount  trop  tndijlincfement  profe-  benes  de  /'  £/- 
 re.  aue  Ics  dits  Roys  &  Princes  Souverai^nes  foie?it  en  Uurs  ^r'^'  ^^^f^^"^ 
 ejiats priVAtivement  a>  tons  autrcsy    Chefs  uniques  O'  ah-   i6i:.dVfc 
 joins  de  I'EJglifc,   &  dc  toit^s  U  s  mnnUres  d'  ice  lie ;  car  pour  ^>-'v/7f  <!^f,  ^ 
 lercguardde  ceque  conccrne  lemanicmcnt  des  chafes  pure-  1    '      ''  ' 
 rnent  forces,    come  /'  admi?iiJiration  de  li  parole  d.eDieu  , 
 d^  des  Sacrcments  ,    &  lapuifancc  de  lier  ou  delier  ,  voire 
 deregicr  en  particulierlc  dedans  de  chacune  Ejglife  ,  la  fur-   i6j9.  p.  ;ro 
 tntendance  en  appartient  aux  E'vcfqueSt  cr  autre s  chefs  de 
 la  Hierarchic  Ecdtfiajl'iaue^a  chafun  felon  leur  rang  &  de- 
 grc.    Then  fiiewing  by  a  compaiiibn  ,  that  as  the  head- 
 Architect  leaves  to  his  inferior  A2;ents  the  ufe  of  fuch 
 indruments  as  areproper  for  their  undertakings  ^  fo  ,  it 
 n  appartient poynt  a:i  Roj  demanier  les  chofes  ficrces  ,  ny 
 fupportcr  conrme  t  on  dit  /'  arche  d'  alliance, lis  dotvent  Liif 
 fer  cela  a  cenx  de  la  vocation  5    mais  its  peuve?zt  voire  font 
 tenu7 dev ant 'Dicu^veillcr fins  ce(fe ,   &  avoir   I' oe'il  ou- 
 vert  a  ce  que  ceux  dc  ccfi  ordre  & proffion principale,  auf^i 
 hicn  que  ceux  des  autre s  moindres  ^  ap portent  enloyaute  & 
 fiin  confience  toutfoin^  diligence,  pur  etc,  &  fincerite  ,  an 
 nia'niemoit  des  charges  a  eux  commifes  ,  conforrnement  a 
 leur  loixy  regies  d>*  canons ;  Ufquels  au  cas  qW  tlsferroicnt 
 neglige^.&cff, 
 I  a  rnxiice  di 
 
 lis  font  tenu  ufer  d:  leur puijfance ,  pour  y  apporter  des  re- 
 tnedes  ,  [ott  par  leur  Ordonances  &  pragma!  iques  ,  foit  par 
 leHrsjugements,arreils,&  e%PXUtions  dicei^x.Ceflce  qu  ea 
 France  nos  predeceffeurs  Qrit  tons  jours  appellclt  police  cx- 
 terieurefir  /'  Efglife ,  de  la  quelle  Ics  Eynpereurs  ,  Roys  & 
 
 P  Prunes 
 
 .■^,.^^^,&effaoc7par  Lirouiikde  I antiquite ,  ou  que  par 
 'cs  homnles  ilfujl  befoign  d'  enfairc  des  noveaux , 
 
106        AnHiJloricall  Vindication     Chap.V. 
 
 Princes  ont  sife  & jouyfans  contredtt,  tunt  que  I  efglifcf'  cfi 
 
 conjiYVce  cajapurete,  C  qti'  aucwns  a  ice  lie  ne  fe  join  I'a- 
 
 fTcrcz,^  fort.xnt s  de  leurs  homes  6"  Lmitcs  d'  ufurfcr  les 
 
 functions  Royales .\n[o\w\XQ\\  ^'bBenigne^JMiletot  doth  not 
 
 qf/?<  fff/fTi       oncly  affirm  their  Kings  to  hz^Chcfs.ProtecIeurs^&Con- 
 
 ^'"%]'cdrmii  f^^'^^''^^^^^^^,  dekuY ejglife  Ga.llica7ic\  but/?^^^. 6 5 7. recites  a 
 
 x6,9.  fpeech  of  th'  Archbifliop  o{  Vienna  made  to  Henry  i\\^ 
 
 •     4. 1 60  5  .ill  which  he  did  affirm, ^-^c  le  Roy  cjlcit  le  Coeur  & 
 
 la  Tcjie  de  I  ur  corps. 
 
 16.  And  other  Headfhip  then  this  I  do  not  know  to 
 havebcen  ever  attributed  to  any  of  our  Princes;  Cer- 
 tainly they  didncver  take  on  tlicm  the  cxercifc  of  any 
 Tz6.Hfn.s.    thing puielyfacredjbut as  fupream  ^  Head,  Rulers o\: Go- 
 ^'^''p'lr.o  T    'z^^^'^^^^^J.  under  God,  by  their  Commiffioners^'of  which 
 fuch  as  bare  mod  fway  were  ever  the  Spirituality)  lo  vijit, 
 reform,  redrcjfe  &e.  all  errours ^  Hcrcjics,  fchifm^,  ahufes^ 
 &c.  And  for  that  the  ruft  of  antiquity  (as  that  authour 
 ftylcs  it  /  had  much  over-fpread  the  Canons  of   the 
 t5/4f.3.c^4.  Church,  ^  to  affigne  fixtecn  of  the  Clergy,  whereof 
 ni6.cap.n.  fQ.ji-tobcBifliops.andasmanvof  the  Lav, of  which  four 
 
 Jee  bejore.  r    '       ^  -'  ;  ' 
 
 25.  Hen.  t.     to  be  learned  in  the  Common  laws  of  this  realme,  roper- 
 *'^'P  '  9-  ^y^  a^^  examine  th'  ecclefiajiicalllalvs  of  long  time  here  u- 
 
 ta').  I  ^/        fi^y  andto gather ,  order  and  compile  fuch  Izlvs  ecclcfiaJUcall, 
 55.f/^«.  S.      04 jhallhe  thought  to  his  Ma'jcjly,  his  faid  ^  Conn  fell,   and 
 '■t^cLncdl.      them  or  the  more  part  of  them,  to  be  pr^clifedandfet  forth 
 iPithmthis  realme.  In  purfuance  of  which, the  w.No- 
 njember  5^0  of  Edli^ard the  6.  he  nominated  twoBifliops, 
 two  Divines,  twoDodours  of  the  Law,  two  Efquires, 
 to  fupcrvifc  the  ecclefiaftick  laws  of  this  Kingdome, 
 and  to  compile  fuch  a  body  as  were  fit  to  be  put  in  pra- 
 dife  within  his  Dominions  5  whole  intendments  (for  it 
 paft  no  further)  were  after  printed  by  lohn  Day  1 5  7 1  .and 
 are  no  other  then  what  the  French  (for  the  manner  of 
 doing) maintain  their  King  might  do:  neither  dothtlV 
 Inquifition  of  Spain  publifli  any  thing  of  that  nature, 
 ucsp  7.W.1 2.   without  tlVallowance  of  their  King,as  I  Paall  flicw  u  here- 
 after. 17.  So 
 
Chap.  V.    of  the  O^t^rcb  (^yEngland.      107 
 
 1 7.   So  that,  in  my  opinion,  the  qncllion  cannot  be, 
 whcthcu  Princes  aic  not  capable  of  Inch  a  Rii^htj   but 
 whether  it  were  inverted  in  the  Crown  formerly,  and 
 made  good  by  fuch  a  continued  praclife,  as  might  au- 
 thoriie  ours  to  take  that  title  (  when  otVered  bv  the  Cler- 
 gy 1 530J  aswellasthe/'rd'wt/-;  Kings  have,  without in- 
 croaching  on  that  power  th'  ccclcliaftieks  h.\d  ^  and  by 
 our  laws  ought  to  exercircin£;;^Af/^^.  Now, certain, our 
 Kings  did  in  many  things  go  along  with  the  French  in 
 caules  cccleliallicall :    x^^^^'-^''  ^^^nglorunh  excniflum  acci-  x  N!ar.  Paris 
 ■piens  ah  illis  B.tro-aihu^s  quifua/httitafknxerunt  i/zFranci.t,  *^""*' '  -"^J' 
 qtiib:{5  dr  Domiiiits  Fiwncorum  favoremjam  pr^bmty&Ji- 
 gilltim  ^ppofititj  See.     CUmcnt  the  7.  being  held  prifoner 
 1 5  27.by th'Emperour,  the  iS^'^-  of  "^ag'^Ji  Cardinnll 
 Woolfy  made  an  agreement  with  \\\cFrenchy((ji  fetling  h* 
 ccclcfiaftick  government  of  each  Kingdomc  during  the 
 Popes  captivity.    Forthc  Fz-^/^r^,  I  fliall  remit  the  reader 
 to  they  Deed  which  is  printed;  but  th'  £«^///'/j  weretobc  yVreu-^fSiki 
 fuch  as  fliouldbe  a2;reed  x.o,prxUus  accitis  de m.Didato  &  ld'eriesdci\j- 
 nucforttatepr^dicfi  mvicfiJsimiAnglnt  Rcgts, "^'hoic  deter-  fjp.20  ^.^j, 
 minations  were  to  hz  confenfn  ejufde  invi^ifiimi  Arigltcz  p-^^y. 
 ii!^^/^.But  where  z  my  \^o\.<\ Herbert  conceivsthisto  have  2H/7?./'e».8- 
 b-cen  the  liril:  tatle  onrKing  took  in  governing  thcClcrgy,  p.  ^  19. 
 I  can  noway  be  of  his  o  pinion;  for,  without  perad  venture, 
 the  Cardinall  neither  did  nor  durft  have  moved  one  ftep 
 in  makuig  the  Ecclefiallicks  Icfle  depend  on  the  Papacy, 
 then  theCommonlaw  or  cuftomc  of  the  realm  war- 
 ranted, knowing  he  muft  without  that  back  have  lod 
 notonely  Clement  the  7.  but  all  Popes  and  the  Come  of 
 Rome,  whichmuftandhad  been  his  fupport,  on  the  de- 
 clining favour  of  fo  heady  and  dangerous  a  Prince  as 
 Henry  i\\c  Sf'i>  had  he  not  cad  offboththe  Cardinal!  and     . 
 his  obedience  to  that  Sec  almoft  together*    But  how 
 much  he  had  the  Clcrn-v  before  this  under  his  2;ovcrn- 
 menr,  the  Hitlory  of  ^  Richard  Hunne  is  witneiVe  fuiVI-  aj-iv  Hall 
 cicnt;  and  the  rights  the  Conquctour  and  his  fucccflours  ^'  "^'^'  ^' 
 
 r  z  were 
 
108 
 
 b  Eadmcr  ^. 
 (•,  zO.ride  e- 
 pijl.  hen. 
 C»sc''ley  iH 
 yita  ejaSfCdit^ 
 
 1617.2.77, 
 
 c  EaJiiej. 
 ibid.  O"  ^ag. 
 1 1;,  I. 
 Thorn,  col. 
 3  1 5  2 , 1 .  cr 
 2 1  94,1 8. G- 
 alihi.     Cook 
 in?.;. p. I  2.7. 
 d   Eadmcr. 
 
 p.  24.S-II* 
 e  Stit  z^. 
 lien.  8.cd/)  19. 
 f  Mar.  Paris 
 ^nno  1257. 
 
 p.  447)  5  I- 
 «T  nWe  Seld. 
 
 a 
 
 deSjnedriis 
 lart.  I  p.  37 V 
 h  Lyndivood 
 <fe  /bra  com^e- 
 tenii,  Cip.  I. 
 
 i  Eadmcr. 
 
 p.^)^9. 
 k  Flor.Wi- 
 gorn.  ^nno 
 1  i  27./). 505. 
 1   Gervas. 
 Dorobern. 
 ^nno  1  I  7^. 
 fp/.i  429,18. 
 
 m   Eadircr. 
 
 p.  <>  31. 
 n   M.  Paris 
 ^ddi.atrtcnt. 
 p.  200  num.7. 
 See  ^rtickli 
 clerio.Ed.z. 
 
 An  Hijloricall  Findicdtion  Chap.  V. 
 
 were  ever  in  conteft  with  the  Papacy  about,  and  main- 
 tained as  the  laws  &:  cuftoms  of  the  Rcahn, enough  fhew 
 thev  did  not  command  th'Ecclefufticks  here  accordins; 
 to  the  will  of  any  forraign  potentate,  nor  were  mccr 
 lookers  on, whilll  another  govern'd  the  £;/^ ///'/?  Church: 
 ibmc  of  which  1  fliall  therefore  here  fet  down. 
 
 I.  They  ^  admitted  none  to  be  taken  for  Pope  but  by 
 the  Kings  appointment. 
 
 II.  ^  None  to  receive  letters  from  him  without  fliew- 
 ing  them  to  the  King,  who  caufed  all  words  prejudicial! 
 to  him  or  his  crown  to  be  renounced  by  the  bringers,  or 
 receivers  of  them. 
 
 III.  ^Permitted  no  councels,  but  by  their  liking,  to 
 affcmble;  which  gained  the  name  of  convocations;  as 
 that  ^  allvnjes  hath  been  and  ought  to  he  ajjemhlcd  hj  the 
 Kings  l»rit. 
 
 IV.  ^Caufed  fome  to  fit  in  them  might  fupervifc  the 
 a£lions,  and/^,t/(?  ex  parte  Regis  &  rcgni  tnhiberent.,  ne 
 tht  contra  Regnm  coronam  &  dignitatem  alic^uid  Jiatucre 
 attentaret  :^nd\\htn  any  did  otherwife,  he  was  forced 
 toretradthathehad  done,nsSdid  Peckham-^  or  were  ^tn 
 ■paucis  fervatjL.,  as  thofe  of  Boniface . 
 
 V.  i  Suffered  no  Synodicall  deree  to  be  of  force  ,  but 
 by  their  allowance  and  confirmation-  ^Rexauditis  con* 
 ciiitgesfts,  confenJumprtehuityiuSoritate  regia  &  potejlate 
 concej^it  &  confirmavitjlatuta  concilii  a  Gulietmo,  Cantu- 
 arienfi  i^rchiepifeopo.,  ^  fm^fx  Ronianit  ecclefi.t  legatOy 
 apud  Weftmonafterium  cekhyati.  ^  ^n  hoc  concilio,  ade- 
 mendationem  f^Jr/?^  Anglican jc,  affenfu  Domini  Regis  d^ 
 primorum  omnium  regni^  h^c  Juhfripta  promulgata  funt 
 capttula,  6c  c. 
 
 VI.  Permitted  no  Biiliop  to  "^  excommunicate,  or 
 infliclany  ccclefiaftick  cenfureon  any  Baron  orOfficer, 
 nifi  ejus  pr^cepto. 
 
 VII.  "Caufed  the  Ridiops  appear  in  their  Courts,  to 
 give  account  why  they  excommunicated  the  fubjed. 
 
 VIII.   ^Caufed. 
 
Chip.V.   of  the  Church  of  Y.n^:{\\d.       109 
 
 Vm.    °  Caufcd  fuch  as  wcrcimprifoncd,  afccr  fourty  o'^"i.«.io. 
 daycs  {landing  excommunicate,   to  be  freed  by  writ, 
 without  til'  adcnt  of  the  Prelat,  or  fatisfaclion  giving  j 
 p  the  King  and  his  ludgcs  communicating  with  them  tarn  p  ihid. «.  1 1. 
 /;;  clivmis  quam  frof.ints  ,  q  and  commanding  none  to  qiw.«.  ij, 
 fliun  them,  though  by  the  Ordinary  denounced  excom- 
 municate. 
 
 IX.  ^Suflcrcd  no  Legat  enter  E;;^/^;'^^  but  with  their  f  E^^Jmcr. 
 
 leave ;  of  which  before.  mV/iT^'i  s. 
 
 X.  ^Determined  matters  of  Epifcopacy,  i7Konfulto  ^s. 
 Roma7io Por:tifice,  J  uS^'^r. 
 
 Xl.Perjiiitted  no  Appeal  to  i^ow^j  of  which  before. 
 XU.  ^  Bellowed  Bilhopricks  on  fuch  as  they  Uked,  tFior.wi- 
 and  "  tranllated  Bifliops  fiom  one  See  to  another.  so*^"-  ^-'^^^ 
 
 XIII.  Erected  new  Biiliopricks:  fo  did  Hen.  the  i.  nlm^fli 
 1 109.  £//,  taking  it  out  of  Ltncolne,  ^  Cdrliflcwn,  out  :^i9a.i. 
 of  Tbr/' or  rather  D/^r^-?;?^:  but  of  this  betorc.  "    ^.  Pl"* 
 
 XIV.  y  Commanded  by  writ  their  Bifliops  to  refi-  Wigom.  ^«- 
 
 dcncy.  riohnnnes 
 
 XV.  ^Commanded  their  Bifliops,  by  reafon  ofH^^agumad! 
 Schifm,  vacancie  of  the  Popedoiiie,  &c.  not  to  fcek  fo';^257,4.s. 
 confirmation  from  Rome ,  but  the  Metropolitan  to  be  JfJ,f\.T 
 charged  bytheKingswrittobeftowit  on  the  elected.       62^. 
 
 XVI.  ^  Placed  by  a  lay  hand  Clerks  in  Prebendary  ^^'J:/''*/- 
 or  Parocniall  Churches,  Ord:7i.inis  fenitus  trrcquijins.  ^^Hett.^.M.iu 
 And  it  is  not  here  unworthy  the  remembring,  that  FP'^  Jr.no  u^u. 
 Ly/td^iwod, :iyc:y  learned  Ganonift,  who  writ  about  an  ^  ^11.  v^tis 
 100.  yeares  before  Henry  the  S^'^^  difference  with  etc-  ^Uiumcn'.. 
 w^;^/ they,  finding  the  Cro\\n  in  pollcfllon  of  thi>par-  P--^^-«-^'- 
 ticular  not  agreeing  with  the  rules  of  the  Canon  law,  is 
 foperplext,  as  in  the  end  he  finds  no  way  to  make  the 
 
 a£l  valid,  ^  but  that  he  doth  it  by  Papall  priviledgc:   For  if  b  Df  c^Uhita- 
 by  p]:z[cnpnon,  Ep/fcopo  f.ie/^le dr  toUrnnte,  it  could  not  '"^"^5'^'^";. 
 be  good  J  for  though  the  King  might  confer  the  tcm   er.tm.cipj. 
 poralls  of  the  Church,  ;y,?;?  tamcnpotejl  A.ire  ju.re  fuo^ote-  ^^^l^^  . 
 H^Mcm  circafpiritHaH.tj  t/;z,.  urc/i  ea  qu^epertu/efit  ad  reg  -  yo/.6+.b.' 
 
 P    3  ff^^'i 
 
110  JnHiJloricdll  Vindtcmon    Chap.  V. 
 
 me?!'  ecclcjiafiicum,  dr  miniJlrAUonem  facramejjtorum  cr 
 
 ficrnmeritAiunh  nee  ?ion  circa  ecclefiaJlic<&JHriJdicttGni5  ex- 
 
 erc'ttium ,  O"  hujufmodtj  qu.tjurc  fpirituah.tjunt  5  riec  in  hoc 
 
 CAfujjotcjl  flbiprodeffc  pr^ifcriptio  etiam  lQ??gifimi  tc?nporis^ 
 
 quia,  taiiafpiritudu  nonpo(]imt per  rcgempoj^idcri^  & ,pcr 
 
 confqae'aSy  nee  ut  tr anjeant fuh fua  potcjiate  pofjlcnt  pra^ 
 
 fcribtt  nee confiictiidme  introduct,  6cc.   In  which  he  will 
 
 have  an  hard  contcft  with  divers  French  and  Italians ^ 
 
 c  coiffider.tiio-  who maintain,  c  che  tutte  le  ragi'toyii  che  Jj pojfono ac- 
 
 iiidit^dreva-  qui/lare  per  difperifo,  del  Papa,  Jipo(fono  acquiHar  anco  per 
 
 1606. fo'l  51.  co?zfUttudlne^  la  quale Jupravenga  c ontr ana  alia  legge:  i\\2it 
 
 a.  v/fffFui-    aprinccmaypreicnbeforfuchadlsas  he  can  acquire  bv 
 
 l\^i\fuii.      the  Popes dilpenfation. 
 
 3i2.e-/>-  XVlI.  ^  Prohibited  the  Lay  yielding  obedience,  or 
 
 ^"^"^-  ,  .  anrwerino; by  Oath  to  their  Ecclefiaftick  fuperiourinqui- 
 ^iddiuwjcnt.  nv\^depeccatisfuhdiiQrum\  which  I  take  to  have  been 
 p.  2oo,M9.  in  cafes  not  properly  of  their  cognizance,  not  of  wit- 
 ^^•*^rt  716,  neffes  either  in  caufesMatrimoniall  or  Teftamentary. 
 T^yidc'sd-  XVIII.  I  fliall  conclude  thefe  particulars  with  one  ob- 
 dcn.  desjne-  fcrvation  inyl/.f/.P^nVjWhcre  theEcclefiafticks  ,  having 
 ^TJ'^^l^^'^*  enumerated  fevcrall  cafes  in  which  they  held  them- 
 
 10. f.  5  «5  ^-  J 
 
 c  Mat.  raris   felvcs  hardly  dealt  with  ,adde,  *^  That  in  all  of  them, if  the 
 
 Mdiument.     fp^-jj-^^n  ludgc  proceeded  contrary  to  the  Kings  prohi- 
 
 ^"*"  "       bition  ,  he  w^asattached,&, appearing  before  the  Indices, 
 
 conftrained  to  produce  his  proceedings,thatthey  might 
 
 determine  to  which  court  the  caufe  belonged  :  and  if 
 
 found  to  pertain  to  the  fecular,  thefpirituall  Judges  were 
 
 blamed,  and,  on  confeilion  they  had  proceeded  after  the 
 
 prohibition,  were  amerced  J  but  denying  it,  were  com. 
 
 '  Viltpimi  ri'  pcU'd  to  make  it  good  by  the  teftimony  of  two  'vile  Var- 
 
 haldi,  lets,  but  refufing  fuch  purgation  ,  were  imprifoned,  till 
 
 by  oath  they  freed  themfclves  to  the  luftice'^;  that  being 
 
 cleared  even  by  the  Lay, they  had  no  fatisfadion  for  their 
 
 cxpcnce  and  trouble.     By  which,  by  the  way, it  is  mani- 
 
 fefl  how  much  the  Kings  Courts  had  the  fupcrintcnden- 
 
 cy  over  the  Eetlcfiadick. 
 
 18.   ThefC; 
 
Chap.  V.   of  the  OoHYch  (^/England,       i  ri 
 
 18.  Til   cfc,  and  many  other  particulais  of  the  like  na- 
 ture, daily  exercifed,  notwithllanding  the  clamour  of 
 lomeEceleliadicks,  more  alVeding  their  own  party  then 
 the  rights  of  the  Crown,  make  there  can  be  no  fcriiple, 
 but  the  Englifli  did  ever  underftand  the  outward  policy 
 of  this  Church,  or  government  of  ntr^foro  cxtcrtori^  to 
 have  much  depended  on  the  King;  and  therefore  the 
 writs  for  fummoning  Parliaments,  cxprclTe  the  caufe  of 
 his  calling  them  to  be,  pro  qtnLuJd.zm  arduis,  urgcntihus 
 nefTotiis ^7ios ,Jl.itum y  & d' fenfionem  rcgnt  ?:o/lri  K^nglix 
 &  eQdtji.t  ^^.iglicaiL^  concerncntibus  ^  :.  or,  as  our  Bi-  .-.  Ev^/i/^f 
 fliops  havcfomctimcs  cxpreft  it  in  the  Rolls  of  Parlia-  a  Excejhc 
 mcnt,A  l'o?iour  &  reverence  de  Dieu  &  defelnte  efglife,  &  ^j/l"%Ji' 
 al falvjttiojt  CT  amendeme-at  de fori  roLxlme,  &c.   Likcwifc  ;o.?v»f.i.».J. 
 the  Commons,  that  their  gift  of  the  9^1^  flieaf,  ccc.  to 
 Edi\>.i\\<z  3. to  have  been  for  his  defence  of   the  Knvx,- 
 ^iOmz,& defcifiteefglife  £  Englcterre'.  Rot. Parliament. 
 15.  Ed.  3.n.25.  According  to  which  our  Kmgsjoyncd 
 both  together,  profefling  their  care  for  amending  the 
 Church  to  beequallwith  that  of  the  Commonwealth, 
 f  Item  flit  ajfavoir,   que  nojlre  tresfoveraigne  fiign'*'  ie  f  -got.VArl. 
 Roy,€iantz,grandevolHrite  &  defir  de  I'eftate  de  Ibn  clglife,  ^'  i^'^ce\{ir 
 &  defon  Roydme^e?i  les  chofes on  mefleir  cjl  £ xmendeme-At ^  ^'    ^'  •  -' • '  • 
 al  honor  de  Dicu^  &pur  la  pecs  &  la  commune  profit  de  feint  c 
 efglife  d'  Engleterre,  come  de  tout  fou  Royalme  ,  a  el  aJvis 
 &  ajfent  des  fig^^  efpcritHells^  ^c.ndfait,  <kc.   In  pur- 
 fuancc  of  which  intereft  redding   in  the  Crow^n,    the 
 Lords  and  Commons  under  Rich,  the  2.  fearing  the  o- 
 pinions   called  Lollardy  might    prevail,   S  pc  tier  tint  a  ^j^^^, 
 Rcge  deijlisremeditim  apponi  ^  ?ie  Jorte  nrcha  totius  fidci  Knighton 
 ecclefut  talihns  impulfionibus  tn  illitts  tempor'thus .  pro  de-  ^^j^- 2708. .;._. 
 fcclti  gtibernacuU^    trr erne diabil iter   quateretur.    Upon 
 whofedefires,  he  commanded  th'  Archbifliop  of  C:;;/. 
 and  his  other  Bifliops  ,  ut  ofjiciu}n  fuum  (inguli  in  fus 
 dioe  cefihns fcundum  jtir  a  canontca  acrius  &  fervent  ius  ex- 
 crcerent  y  dclinqucntcs  cafligarent  i   lihrofquc  tor  urn   An- 
 
 glicos  • 
 
 10. 
 
112       ^fn  Htjloricall Vindication    Chap.  V 
 
 ^icos  pie ?ims  ex aminarent,  erratx  exterm'tna^cnt^pofn' 
 lamquc  in  ujittAtem  fidei  orthodox^  rcdacere  Jlude- 
 renty  ecclcfiamque  urticis,  \_6^']  vcpribus  deflorata?n  It- 
 Ills  &  rofis  ornarent ,  5lc.  After  which,  the  faid  authour 
 records  a  Commidioii,  by  which  his  Majcfty,asDr/}Wd?r 
 of  the  Catholick  Faith,  did  impower  certain  to  fcize 
 upon  hcreticall  books,  and  bring  them  before  his  coun- 
 cell:  andfiich  as  after  proclamation  fhall  be  found  to 
 holdfuch  opinions,  being  called  and  examined  before 
 two  CommilTioners  ( who  were  of  the  ClergyJ  and  law- 
 fully convicted  thereof , to  be  by  his  Majefties  minifters 
 •.•T^t?.xrl  committed  to  the  next  prifon.  *.•  Fourteen  years  after 
 47/  '^'  '  which,  the  Commons  lhew//<f;;.  the  V^Mhe  Parliament 
 might  be  compared  to  a  Maffe,  in  which  th' Archbifliop 
 o(-  Ca?it.  began  th'  office,  reading  th'  Epiftlc  and  ex- 
 pounding the  Gofpel,  ("  which, it  feems, they  took  to  be 
 .'.cap.hcc,n.6,  thepartof  theEcclefiaftick,as  did  the  .•.<$'^^^;^^  before^ 
 (jT  ala  mrfne  qe  feuji  Ufacrificc  d'  ejire  offer tz,  k  Dieux 
 purtoHzChrifliensJe  Roy  mefmes  a  cefi  Varlement^  pour 
 accoryiplir  cellemefne ^plujieurs  foitzavoit  declare?  pleme- 
 ment  a  toutz^fes  lieges^  comcntfa  volunte  feujl,  qe  la  foy  de 
 Cant  effrltje  feufl  governez,  en  man'iere  come  tl  \idejie  in 
 temps  de  fes  nobles  progenitors^  &  come  il  eft  affirme  par 
 fcmtefglift.parles  feint sDociourSy  &  par  feint  Efcriture^ 
 <5cc.  and  a  little  after,  fliewing  they  the  Commons  were 
 oncly  to  fay,  Beogratias,  which  they  were  obliged  to  do 
 for  three  reafons, the  fecond  of  which  \s,pur  ceo  qe  la 
 ou  la  Foy  d?  feint  cfgltf^par  mahaife  doEtrtnefcuJl  en  point 
 d'  a^oirefte  anient  z,  en  grand  fuhverfion  du  Roy  &  dit  Roy- 
 alme.rnefmenofire  Setgr  le  Roy  cnt  ad  fait  &  ordeignez, 
 hon  &jouJi  rcmede^  en  deflruclion  de  tiddoEirine,  &  de  la 
 fBd'yceLperont  il:^  font  enfement  tenuz  de  dire  eel  parole 
 Deo  gratias.  By  all  thefe  it  muft  be  granted ,  they  did 
 holdthechief  careof  the  E?^gl{(h  Church  to  have  de- 
 pended ,Mn  the  outward  policy  of  it;  on  the  prince;  or 
 -dfe  that  they  did  fpeak  and  do  very  unadvifcdly  in  attri- 
 buting 
 
Chap.  V.  of  the  Qhurch  ^England.        113 
 
 buting  fo  much  unto  his  care  of  it,  and  providing  that 
 he  might  be  fupplyed  to  defend  it,  without  at  all  mentio- 
 ning any  other  to  whofc  care  it  belonged. 
 
 19.  Neither  did  thefe  expreflions  and  petitions  paHe 
 the  Commons  onely  ,  or  the  Clergy  over-ruled  by  the 
 numbers ofthetcmporahty 5  buttheBifhops  by  them- 
 fclvcs  acknowledged  how  much  it  flood  in  hisM"^*  care 
 to  provide  againft  any  novelties  creeping  into  the  En- 
 g////?  Church,  and  thatit  might  enjoy  the  rights  and  li- 
 berties belonging  to  it:  and  therefore,  when  the  faid 
 dodrineofZo/Z^r^y  continued encreafins^, they ,  in  the  ,  ^ 
 names  PrxUtorum  &  den  regm  K^nglidi,  petition  ^  Hen-  2,h.4.  «.+3. 
 rythc4.^^-  ,S2^^tenus  — inclttif^imorum  progenitorumO* 
 antecejforum  vcjlrorum  Uudibilu  'vejllgtugraciofe  coi^fide- 
 
 r antes,  dignetur  vefira regtattlfitudo pro  confervationedt- 
 ciAEcclejicZ  Anglicanx,  ad  Dtt  Uitdtm  y  veflnquemeri- 
 tumy  &  tot  Ills  regnipr^diB'tprofperitatem  &  hoaorcm^  & 
 pro  htijuff/iodidifjenttombus ,dinjifionibi4S,  d.tmpms  &  pe- 
 riculis  evit.wdisjuper  novltatihiis  &  exccjsihtis  pr^dicfis 
 in prieftntiPariiamento provider ede rertiedio  opportuno  5cc.  ' 
 Did  not  thefe  then  hold  it  the  office  of  the  King ,  as  that 
 his  progenitors  had  ever  done,to provide, no  diflenfions, 
 fcandalls,  divifions might arife  in  the  Church,  the  Ca- 
 tholick  faith  might  be  truely  conferved  and  fuftcincd  ? 
 and  what  other  did  any  of  cur  Princes  ever  challenge  or 
 adlime  r* 
 
 20.  When  the  Clergy  likewife  went  at  any  time 
 beyond  their  bounds,  or  were  negligent  performers  of 
 
 their  duties,  the  fubjccl  upon  all  occafions  had  recourfe  ,Xo/. ?<*)•/. co. 
 
 unto  his  M^X' as  to  whofc  care  the  feeing  what  was  ami fs  e^.  i.n.%\. 
 
 redreft did cfpecially belong:  as  i  when  th'Ecclefiaftick  k^^f"^//°^" 
 
 Courts  were  grievous  for  the  feeS'  ^  or  their  pecuniary  c^^^.vnrif. 
 
 pennanccstoohcavy,whenthey  were  oppreft  by  Papal!  -^•'^^-  ^ 
 
 provifions  (ot  which  before^  when  through  the  abfencc  ".-.^j^t.  p^ri. 
 
 oftheirCurattheywcrenotfo welltaui^ht6cc.   /.when  Otijy.  Parif, 
 
 0.  the  --^f;  '• 
 
ii^  AnHlJloYtcdl Vindication  Chap.V?. 
 
 r.^-^uv^tl.    the  frequency  of  the  v^ut  de  excommunicato  cjpiendoi 
 ^/Lfrey/e,-        niade  it  btirthenfome  ,    /.-when   men  were  cited  bv 
 
 2.  Hen.  5.  bet.  '  J 
 
 dciczes.  s.  them  on  caufcs  neither  Matrimoniallnor  Tclramentary. 
 Vide-^t.VdrL  and  appearing  were  not  allowed  a  copy  of  the  Hbell  a- 
 36,37.  i!  41,  gainllthcm.  hi  which  cafe  the  Kings  anfwerisnot  im^ 
 +-'  worthy  the  repeating,  fhewingclcaily,  he  dircded  how 
 
 they  fhould  proceed ;  le  Royvoet  (jue a  quelbture  la  co- 
 pie  dele  bbelej}  grant  able  par  la  ley,qilfoit  graurjtcdr  live- 
 re aUpartieifariz>d^cuhe.  Itis true, Kings  would  re- 
 fer matters  of  that  nature  to  their  Bifhops,  unto  whofe 
 care  under  them  itdidefpccialLy  belong  :  fo  Richardxho, 
 J  ^ot.Parl.  2.  being  ^  petitioned  in  point  of  Rcfidency,anfwered, 
 «.  +^  *  ll  appartient  aux  offices  des  Evcfques ^&  le  Roy  voet  qu  lis 
 
 m  Ko/.  VayI.  facentlour  office  &  devoirs  &c.    "^Hisiuccenfor  being a- 
 7,  H.4.W.U4.  gj;i-jp,.t.f|;  in  the  fame  kind,  give-  his  command  thus.  Fa- 
 cent  Ics  Ordinaircs  lour  office  O"  devours  :  &  per  caufe  qe 
 les plur allies  cfontejte  grantees  deuant  ces  he^tresfont  (^ 
 ount  ejle  la  greindre  caufe  de  /'  abfe  ncc  des  tie  Is  curats^y  pUfl 
 AU  Roy  nojlrc  Sciqf,  del'advis  &  ajfent  de<:  SciqfKen  Par- 
 lement^efcrtre  par  fc5  honour  able  s  lettres  a  nojlre  fetnt 
 pier  le  Pape^  de  revoker  &  repellcrtotitcs  les  plur  allies  g$-. 
 n€ralement^&  qe  d'  es  ore  en  av ant  null e  pluralitefoit 
 grauTite  a  afcuny  en  temps  a  njcnir^wx.  the  Pope,  it  feems> 
 \\  Kot.  Pari     giving  no  fatisfadlion  in  the  particular,  the  "11.  Hen. 4.^ 
 ii/^f».  4.       the  Commons  attain  petition  ,  That  the  riches  of  the 
 kingdome  being  in  the  hands  of  Church -men  ,  thole  li- 
 vings upon  which  the  incumbent  of  common  right 
 ought  to  refide,  half  of  the  true  value  fliould  remain  to 
 himfelf,  but  the  other  to  the  King.   To  which  the  an- 
 fvveris,  Cefle  matiereappertieht  afcinte  Efglifd  &  quant 
 a  la  refidence,  remcde  ent  fuft pur^veu:^  eyt  la  darrain  Con- 
 vocation,  Yet  this  matter  of  ivon  rcfidcnce  ftill  molefl- 
 ingthe  Commonwealth,  3  .Hen.  6. the  King  tcllsthcm, 
 oKot  Pjri..   by  th'advife  of  the  Lords  of  Parliament,  ^He  had  deli- 
 J.  Hfw  6.        vered their  bill ie my  Lord cfCMM^xbrnw  .charrrinz  him  to 
 ♦.(/<•«. «5,j;. 31.  p^ti^rvey  of  remedy  j'jr  his  Province^  and fcmbUbty jhm 
 
 Ivritc 
 
Chap.  V.    of  the  Uurch  o/England,         1 1 5 
 
 Ivriteto  the  Cht4rch  ofTork  for  that  Province.   By  w  iiiLh 
 
 wc  may  fee  the  Kint;,  Aichbifliop,  and  Convocauou 
 
 did  conceive  thcmfclvcs  to  have  a  power  ofrcdrelllng 
 
 things  in  tl'iisChurchjWhich  yet  incivility  they  thought 
 
 fit  Ptirftto  acquaint  the  Pope  with , as  a  (piritLiallDoclor  P^'''f'^  J- 
 
 or  Patriarch, how  everof great  cftcem,  yet  not  endued       ^'^^ 
 
 withapowcr  ofcommanduigm  this  Church  othcrwife 
 
 then  the  lawcs  of  the  Kingdomc,  the  contra(Ll:>  wuh  the 
 
 Papacy  did  bear. 
 
 21.  Now  it  cannot  be  doubted  that  all  thcfe  peti- 
 tions of  the  Commons,  and  fundry  more  which  may  be 
 produced,  had  been  by  them  vainly  prefer'd,  had  they 
 not  taken  the  King  to  have  been  veiled  with  a  power  of 
 rcdrcfling  things  blameable  in  the  government  of  the 
 Church.  But  when  wc  fay  the  Prince  ,  as  the  principall , 
 without  wliom  nothing  is  done,  may  be  rightly  termed 
 //(^^^  in  the  acl  of  reformation,  our  meaning  is  not,  that 
 he  will  deal  in  points  ofEccIefiaftick  cognizance  without 
 the  advife  of  his  Bifliops,  and  other  learned  of  the  Clergy: 
 we  know,  m  things  proper  ^  lofuah  is  to  take  counfell  q  Mr<w^^'*^ 
 of^/r^r-^r,  and  the  Kings  of  this  nation  have  ever  done  x^^''»-*^* 
 fo.        ^ 
 
 22.  When  Edgar  intended  the  advancing  chrisli 
 ^/^mw,  he  chofe  him  three  Bifhops  to  be  his  ,\patres  ..conctl. 
 fpintuales  and  confiliartos .   But  to  fpcak  of  later  times  ;   '^V^^^^-Mi* 
 ^  when  the  Commons  endeavoured  a  reformation  of  r  HaJi  2^ 
 fomethingsinthe  Church,  //^;^.  the  8^^- would  not  an-  ^^^-^J^!- 
 fwer  their  defires,  till  he  hadfirft  acquauited  the  Spiritu-  l°l[  g  '1*^ 
 ality.  When  he  intended  to  publifli  a /book  of thc^/7^;-  -05.3.  iVcr- 
 cjpall  articles  ar^d  points  of  our  faith, 'Tvith  the  decLiration-  °^^'P-y-^' 
 '  of  other  expedient  points,  and  aljo  for  the  la%f nil  rites  ^    ^~'\ 
 
 and  ceremonies  to  be  ohfervedDoithin  this  realme,  he  ordai-  ca^.  15' 
 neditto  behy  th'  ^^rchbijhops  and  fundry  Eifhofs  of  both 
 Provinces^  and  alfo  a  great  number  of  the  befi  learned  ^  ho- 
 nefiefi^andmoH  vertuousfortofDociorsofDivmitj,me7i  of 
 dtfcretion.jHdgemcntymdgo^'d  d^Jpofitiofk^^^,    And  £^-  * 
 
 ^   2  ^:Ari 
 
ii6       ^n  Htjlor  kail  Vindication    Chap.  V 
 
 l»jird  the  fixth  minding  a  farther  reformation  of  fome 
 ufagesintheadminiftrationoftheEucharift  ,  he  caufed 
 tYox^clund  it  to  be  ^  n\2i(\cby  the  mofi  grave  and  learned  of  his  realm  y 
 iom"i.p'.7<!%-    ^^^^^^^^  purpofeby  his  directions affembled  at  Windfer-^ 
 sol.  i.c^  pag.    who  afterwards ,  **  for  takmg  aH^ay  divers  andfundry  dtf- 
 *^sntut  ^  c^  fertng  forms  and fafh'tons  had  formerly  been  ufed  in  fu?idry 
 ^.Ed.o.c.tp.i.  churches  of Eng\2ind  and  Wales  ,  appoynted  th*  y^rch- 
 hi/hop  of CuWKQxbwry  y  and  certain  of  the  mo  U  learned  and 
 difcreet  Bifhops,  and  other  learned  men  oftherealm^  to  con- 
 Jider  oft  he  premifes,  lufhot  by  the  ayd  of  the  Holy  Ghost  ^ith 
 one  uniform  agreement  concluded  on  and  fet  forth  the  book 
 of  Common  prayer  ^c.  Upon  which  the  two  houfes  of 
 Parliament,  confideringas  ls>ell  the  mofl  godly  trav  ell  of  the 
 Kings  highnejfe^  >  ingathering  and  colle^ttngthefatd 
 
 K^rchbtjhops^  Btfhops and  learnedmen  together,  as  5cc.  do 
 give  to  his  Highmffe  mofl  hearty  and  lolvly  thanks  6cc.  So 
 that  it  is  apparent,  the  King  ,  in  compofing  this  book, 
 did  not  affnmetohimfelfjOr  the  Parliament  attribute  un- 
 to him  any  other  then  affembling  of  the  Bifliops  and  o- 
 ther  learned  men  together,  to  take  their  confultations. 
 y-Vre^cno  23.  And  they  obferving  the  great    *  diverfity  in 
 
 iwT/^^'^  faying  and  Tinging  in  feverall  Churches,  the  difficulty  of 
 finding  what  was  proper  for  each  day,f'apt  to  breed  con- 
 fufion^  reduced  the  publick  fervice  of  the  Church  to 
 one  form  more  facile  and  of  better  edification  ,  folio  w- 
 ing  therein  the  examples  of  divers  holy  Bifliops  and  o- 
 ^  Mar  Paris    ^j^^^.^ ,  ^^^  j^^  Guarinus  Abbot  of  S'  K^lbans,\w  the  Of- 
 
 s  ^ibani.p.  fice  ufcd  in  his  Church  about  1 1 90,  m\^j)cit  fuperflua  re- 
 loi)  i7)ii?»  y^^^r^,  to  reduce  the  prayers  there  to  one  form  ,  if?t^^^ 
 ^  /oobardi  gobardm  in  France  might  amput.tr  e  [up  er flu  a  vellevia  &c. 
 operayVariiy  \f  <t  Qf^und  JMtt^op  o(  Salisbury  in  England  ,  quoniam 
 \  Harpsfidd  finguUfcre  Diacefes  injl:atis& precarits  horis  dicendis  va- 
 hifl  ^nglicAn.  riabanty  ad  hanc  vanetatem  tollotdam ,  &  ut  quafi  abfolu- 
 hccUf.fea.xi.   ^^^  quoddam  precandi,  quo  omnes  uitpolTent ,  exemplar  cx- 
 
 cap.if)  p.z^ly  -l  .    r  r  r  J  J 
 
 4«.  Jtarety  eas  m  eumjere  ordtncm  O"  commodam  raticnem  y 
 
 quam  hodie  omnes prope  hx\^\'x,  Cambrian ,  &  Hibcrnix 
 
 ( viz. 
 
Chap.  V.    of  the  Church  o/England.       117 
 
 (viz.  the  Courfc  of  Salisbitrj)  Eccleli^tfcquuntur  ,  magno 
 &  prudent  t  rerumexftcr'tsjcripturis^&frobatis  EccUJia 
 hijionis  delt^Uy  dijlribuit  &  digefit-^  if  thcfc ,  I  fay, might 
 do  it  on  their  own  motion,  there  is  no  qucftion,  fuch  of 
 the  Clergy  as  were  appointed  by  the  King,  might  on  his 
 defiretakeitinto  confideration,and  remove  matters  of- 
 fenfivcor  leflc  to  edification. 
 
 24.  Neither  did  Queen  EU:^abcth  at  the  bcgin- 
 nine  ofherreim  ^  alter Ibme  paflaees  in  it,  but  by  the  ^^^^'^^^n. 
 Opinions  of  Divines  erudttts  &  moderatts  j  to  whom  was 
 added  a  leaned  Knight  St  Thomas  Smithy  to  whofe  care 
 the  fupervifing  of  it  had  by  the  houfe  of  Commons 
 been  committed  the  fecond  of  Edivard  the  fixth  ,  and 
 therefore  knew  better  then  any  other  to  give  an  account 
 of  that  book. 
 
 Nor  did  her  felf,  or  the  houfe  of  Lords  ufc  differing 
 wayes^*^  when  the  Commons    at    other    times  have  cJoum.des 
 foughtfome  change  in  the  Ecclefiaftick  government;  as  Mctrcli.rp-]', 
 the  2  3  .and  2  7. of  her  reign,  where  though  theLordTrea-  c^z;.  £//^. 
 furer  made  a  (hort  beginning,  yet  he  left  the  fatisfaclory  ^'''■'■"^'''  *s. 
 anfwers  to  be  given  them  by  th'  Archbifhop  of  Tor  k. 
 
 Infomuch  as  we  may  fafely  conclude ,  when  the 
 Clergy  in  Convocation  ftyled  He^^ry  the  8^^  Ecclcfut 
 K^nglica?i£  protestor  em  umcum-,&  fupremum  dominum  , 
 &y  quar^tHm  per  Chnjii  leges  licet jfupremum  caput ,  they 
 added  nothing  new  unto  him  but  a  title;  for  he  and  his 
 fucceflbrs  after  it,  did  never  excrcife  any  audority  in 
 caufes  Ecclefiaftick,  not  warranted  by  the  pradtife  offor- 
 mer  Kings  of  the  nation. 
 
 By  all  which  the  fecond  qucftion  remains  fufficiently 
 proved,  that  our  Kings  were  originally  endued  with 
 audorityto  caufe  the  Englifli  Church  be  reformed  by 
 th'  advice  of  their  Bifhops,  and  other  of  the  Clergy,  as 
 agreeing  with  the  pradife  of  all  ages.  For  who  introdu- 
 ced the  opinion  of  Tranfubftantion  >  made  it  an  article 
 of  Faith  :  barr'd  the  L-ay  of  the  Cup  ^    Pricfts  of  mar. 
 
 Q_3  iiage> 
 
N 
 
 118         AnHiJloricall  Frndtcation  Chap.  Vi. 
 
 riage  ^  who  reftoced  the  Mafs  hi  Queen  Maries  daycs  be- 
 fore any  reconcihation  made  with  Rome}  but  the  Ec- 
 clefiafticksof  this  Kingdome  under  the  Prince  for  the 
 timcbeing,  who  commanded  or  connived  at  it. 
 
 Chap.      VI. 
 
 Hoiip  the  Kings  (?/^England  proceeded  in 
 
 thetr  feparationfrom  Rome. 
 
 T  being  by  what  isak'eady  faid  undoubt- 
 ed, the  Clergy  called  together  by  the 
 Prince,  or  meeting  by  his  allowance,  have  e- 
 ver  had  a  power  of  reforming  this  Church, 
 commandingthings^mjr;?^/ix/nn  it,  and  hkewifedif- 
 penQng  with  them,  and  thatthe  ftatute  24.//^;;.  %.cap, 
 1 2. that  faith  in  effedas  much, is  no  other  then  a  declara- 
 tion of  the  Common  law  ,  that  is  the.cuftome  of  the 
 realm;  the  next  enquiry  will  be ,  for  acquitting  the 
 Church  of£;^^/4«^in  point  of  fchifm ,  how  this  fepara- 
 tion  from  Rome  was  made. 
 
 2.  //^;^r^  the  S^J^  having  long  purfued  a  caufe  Matri- 
 moniall  with  Clement  the  7.  who  (hewed  fo  much 
 complyance  to  determine  it  in  his  favour,  as  he  fent 
 Cardinall  Campeius  hither  to  joyn  with  Wolfey  the  Kings 
 creature  in  the  bufineflc,  and  upon  the  Emperours  fuc- 
 cefle  in  Italy ^  the  caufe,  after  many  delayes,  being  revo- 
 ked to  Rome  J  the  King,  upon  the  opinions  of  many  for- 
 rcign  Divines  of  the  invalidity  of  his  marriage  with 
 Queen  AT^/^^r/w^jCaufed  the  cafe  to  be  determined  by 
 the Eng/f/h  Church:  which  judgement  yet  he  would 
 haveinfomemeafurefubmitted  to  the  Court  oi  Rome, 
 fo  as  he  might  have  given  the  perfons  to  whom  it 
 was  delegated  by  the  Pope  full  information,  and  the 
 
 Cardinalls 
 
Chap.  VL  of  the  Oourch  ^/England      1 19 
 
 Cardinallsofthclmpcrialltadlion  excluded  having  any 
 part  in  the  decilion.  But  C/^wr;?/ hearing  what  had  pall 
 mEngUnd,  with  more  then  ordinary  haft  dctcrmins 
 the  caufe  againft  him  :  which  how  much  it  would  irri- 
 tatcany  Prince  of  Ibgrcatpowcr,  and  fo high  a  (pirit  as 
 oxxiHcnry,  HhalL  leave  others  to  judge.  And  here  I 
 might  alledgc  many  forreign  examples,  of  thofe  who 
 upon  Icflc  indignities  have  ftopt  all  entercourf'e  with 
 Rome  J  as  "^  LcHns  the  i  2.  and  Henry  the  2.  o{  France  y  if  I  *  ^f^ofecoin  ^t 
 had  undertook  to  write  an  apology  for  him.  ^^L'^Zne^fdr 
 
 3.  The  King, upon  the  advcrtifemcnt  of  thcfe  pro   hisptawe,and 
 cccdingsby  thcPope,which  was  at  the  beginning  of  the  ^f*  '"firtption 
 year  1 5  34,  falls  firft  to  thcfe  courfes  his  aunceftors  had  /,?  k;"4'o/'* 
 formerly  done,  when  they  had  occafion  to  know  how  ^''^^^^  ^^^^ 
 they  ought  to  comport  themlelves  in  any  thing  towards  oshntle7rmfi 
 j^(?w^,  which  was  to  have  the  advifc    of  the  Engl/Jh  of  franco,  and 
 Church;  and  thereupon  wrote  to  the  Univcrfitics,  great  t^^^^'^^'^L* 
 Monafterics  and  Churches  ofthe  Kingdome,  &  the  1  8  .  byloms  no- 
 OMay  I  5  3  4.toihcUnivcrrityof  0.x/c'r^,tr^^///r/^/^//;rw,  men.TA«a««5 
 like  ?nen  of  virtue  and  profoufidliteraltire, to  diligently  in-  linJihilis 
 treaty  examine  y  and  difcufj'e  a  certain  qttejlton,  t7?.  An  cxon.adAn- 
 Romanus  Epifcopus  habeat  majorem  aliquam  jur.fdi-  ««^"'^34.p. 
 dllonemfibi  collatam  in  facra  Scrip rura  in  hoc   regno 
 Anglix,quam  alius  quivis  externu>>  Epifcopus-,    and  to 
 return  their  opinion  tnlcrttm^ urdcr  their comrri07i ft al ^ 
 accordingtothemeer  and  Jincere  truth  of  the  fame  ,  6cc. 
 To  which,  after  mature  deliberation  ,  and  examination 
 not  onely  of  the  places  of  holy  Scripture,  but  oft  he  bcft 
 interpreters,  for  many  daycs ,  they  returned  anfwcr  the 
 27,Iune  1 534.  (  without  all perad venture  according  to 
 the  ancient  tenet  of  the  Engl i fro )  Romanum  Epifcopum 
 majorem  aliquam  jurifdiclione?n  no?:,  habere f  hi  k   Deo  coL- 
 latam  in  facra  Scriptura  tn  hoc  regno  Anglix,  quam  alium 
 quemvts  externum  Epifcopum.     Of  this  anlwer  I  have 
 thought  fit  to  make  particular  mention, (though  aflcn  ted 
 tobyalhhc£A?^//V)^Clcrgy)  becaufc  OAr/i?r<i  hath  been 
 
 ever. ; 
 
120        AnHjJloricall  Findicat'ton  Chap. VI. 
 
 «Mat.  Paris 
 ^nno  1152. 
 
 Kj^nno  1257. 
 p.945>28» 
 
 I.  Hen,6.n. 
 43. 
 
 cHcn.Knigh- 
 ron  coLzOjif 
 24.C0/.  2742> 
 
 23. 
 
 dWalfing. 
 
 Hifl.Anno 
 
 J40g.p.4i0) 
 
 r. 
 
 c  Jnftfciculo 
 
 7Vl5.  inbihli- 
 othecd  Archie' 
 ft f CO  ft  n^rmX' 
 chanty 
 
 icircjLmite- 
 riam  exf«m- 
 tvunicationum 
 re[oluUo,confi- 
 derat.  11.  to.  1. 
 <:o/.^49.a.£i. 
 7'<»nf  1606. 
 
 ever  «*  held  ^w/^/^  Part/ienftSy  'Ecclefu  fundamentum , 
 ^  fountain  &  Uliere  de  nojirefoy  Chrejtiene ,  as  I  former- 
 ly touched :  whofe  opinion  the  Engltfh  Church  hath 
 'therefore  highly  efteemed,  and  fought  on  all  occafions 
 of  this  nature  j  of  which  to  give  fome  examples. 
 
 4.  Upon  the eledion  o^ Frhaniho^ 6.  France,  Scotland, 
 Flanders y  and  divers  other  parts  adhering  to  Clements 
 who  refided  at  i^vtg?ion ,  '  the  French  King  1395  .cau- 
 fed  a  meeting  of  the  Clergy  of  his  dominions,  to  fearch 
 whether  had  the  better  right  to  the  Papacy: whofe  judg- 
 ment was  for  clement',   which  under  the  feal  of  the  U* 
 niverfity  ofP^wwas  fenttoi^/^/^^r^the  2.  who  there- 
 w^onfecit  convocat'tonem  Oyiomxde  jteritioribHS  Theolo- 
 gis  tarn  rcgentihus  c^uam  non  regentihus  totius  regni ,    and 
 they  on  the  contrary  judged  Vrbanto  have  the  better  ti- 
 tle;  whofe  opinion  under  the  feal  of  the  Univerfity  of 
 Oxford  returned  to  the  King  was  by  him  tranfmittcd  into 
 France,  1408,  ^  in Conctlio Clert celebratol^ondoniist  af 
 Jijlentihus  do^ortbm  Vniverfitatum  Cantabrigian  &  Oxo- 
 nian, /y^^^//^z«  efl  de  cenfu  &  ohedientiAPap^fuhtrahendis 
 velnonfubtrahendiscdboiitwhich  time  twelve  of  the  U- 
 niverfity  o'lOxfordyOn  the Archbifliops  defire,in  the  name 
 of  the  reft,examined  the  books  &  Doctrines  oiWickliffey 
 &  fent  their  refolutions  to  a  Synod  2LtLondon  in  an  epitllc 
 yct^   extant.  By  all  which  it  is  manifefl:,how  much  their 
 opinions  were  efteemed  in  this  Kingdome.  And  I  hold 
 it  undoubted,  a  Prince  following  fo  great  ad vife ,  chalk- 
 ed out  to  him  by  the  pradile  of  his  anceftors,  couldnot 
 be  guilty  of  fo  heinous  a  crime  as  fchifm,  arifing  onely 
 fromdiibbedienceto  any  fpirituall  fuperior  whatfoever. 
 ^  C^r/J^^fayes,  a  private  perfon  runs  into  no  contempt 
 of  the  Keyes  in  divers  cafes  by  him  enumerated ;  as  one , 
 df^m  dictt  altcjiuisjurijlarum  veltheologorumjuxta  confci- 
 enttamfuamyCjuod  hujufmodi  fententia  non  ftmt  timenda. 
 veltcnendiCy  O*  hoc  frdfertimfi  obfervetur  tnformatio  feu 
 
 cauteU  debit  a  ^  ?iefeo^t4atHrfcand4Hmpt4jillortim,  ^m  ^fit- 
 
 mafit 
 
Chap.Vl.  o/tbeOjuydo/Enghnd.      121  ' 
 
 fnari^t  Pdpam  effe unum  Beurn :    And  Nxvat  ,  the  greatest 
 
 Canonill  of  histime  ,  Z  qni  unius  dccioris  cruditione  ac  ijNavar.  ca^\ 
 
 Animt  fietate  Celebris  auciorit.tte  duclus  fccertt ,  aliqutd  X*^-^efcufr 
 
 exctifatur^  etliXmfi forte  id non  cffet juHum , d"  al/f  co7itrari-  r^m cd.  i  «. ; o*. 
 
 urntenerent.  And  to  this  piirpofc  manv  more  Dodors  '«•  ^•''-^'''^^ 
 
 ,  ^       ^  '  Colon.  ^HH9 
 
 may  bcallcdgcd.  16.6./..  s 9. 
 
 5.  This  as  it  was  done  by  him,  fohc  was  led  unto  it  coi.i.^Mout, 
 by  the  example  of  his  predeccllbi-s,  as  1  have  partly 
 toiicht  before  ;   and  fliall  therefore  alledge  no  other, 
 but  that  in  the  difputes  between  Bccket  and   Henry 
 the  2.  the  Archbifliop  endeavouring  to  intcrelle  {^lex- 
 dnder  the  3 .  in  the  difference ,  that  Prince  ^  caufed  it  to  /;  Hovedf* 
 be  written  unto  him,  St  tun  veflro  vcl  honor i  pr^iudtca,-  '^"^''  *  ^^^^^ 
 tur in  auquoytdje  totius  Eccleji^  re^ni  jt4i  conliUo  corrc- 
 chirum in pr 0X17)20  folhcctur :  and  a  Uttle  after,  *  Domi-  ■^^hui:f(il.i^%^ 
 nu4  Rex plurimum  fibi  jujltficare  videtar  ^  curn  tn  omni- 
 bus  qus,dicia.jii?ity  Eccleji^  regnt  fnt  Lonfilio  fimul  ^  judi- 
 ao  fep.iriturHmpoUicetur.  And  this  the  often  repeating 
 of  it,  not  onely  in  a  particular  letter  of  the  Bifhop  of 
 London,  but  of  all  the  Bifliops  of  the  Province  of  Canter- 
 ^^rj'jboth  to  the  ^  Pope  and  Becket ,  enough  aflure  us  k^HJf^o- 
 how  undoubted  it  was  in  thofc  dayes,  that  our  Kings  \^^\^^^^l'^''^'" 
 following  the  advife  of  the  Eng/i/h  Church, did  proceed  293.3.55. 
 on  fafe  grounds  for  their  juftification  in  fuch  quarrells. 
 
 6  .Neither  waij  the  opinion  returned  by  thcfe  Divines 
 fo  differing  from  the  writings  of  other  learned  men,  as 
 might  make  them  any  way  guilty  of  fchifm.    ^  Cerfon  i^'^^^onde 
 fpeakingofthefeverall  degrees  of  Divine  truths,  places  ZTJlZd%. 
 for  the  (irft  fuch  as  are  cxpreffe  in  Scripture,    fecondly  te.i.col.is^, 
 thofe  that  are  by  evident  confequencc  deduced  from 
 thence,  thirdly  fuch  as  being  delivered  by  chrtji^  have 
 been  by  the  conftant  tradition  of  the  Church  derived  to 
 us  ,of  which  he  holds  this  propofition,  VniverfdisEccle- 
 fia,  Pontifici  Romano  fubjecfa Jit-,   and  adds,  non  tnim 
 pojj'ct  evidenter  aut  per  confequentiam  pure  de  fide  ex  le- 
 gibfis  primi  ge?ieris  humana  deductione  fulciri^  &c.  and 
 
izi        Jn  Hijlorica/I  Vindication    Chap.Vr. 
 
 ■*•  S°"'',        •'•  Contaremajm  a  fmall  trad  depoteflatc  Pontificis,  of  that 
 
 tificisad  Ni-     queftion  fayes,  ^4^  K^u^orita^  ilU  &  potejla^s ,  qua  Pon- 
 
 •holaumTcu-  ftfex  maxiwus  fungitur ,  Jit  elconfenfu  quodam  homims- 
 
 f  o  Mcn.  tnbutay  anpotius  divinitus  tr  adit  at,  qua  dcre  hi  fee  t  em  fori  - 
 
 kf^s  maximos  tumuitus  ex^itatos  ejfe perfptomus,  nee  ctiam 
 
 'vcrUtfint  viri  in  omni  di fc  i pltn  arum  gen  tre  ciUbreSi  ac  i;$ 
 
 QhuJUan^  Theologi^Jludio  tllu/lresy  in  magno  hominum 
 
 tonventfi  aJferere^hocjusPontifiiis  hum^numejft'^  6c  then 
 
 adds  that  he  ah horHmhomtnum  fcntentiamaxime dijjeu- 
 
 tne^AQ  Y^^O'fccompertum  habere^  divinitus  ioncejjum  ejfe 
 
 Tonttfici  jusillud^Q.^Q  that  thislearned  Cardinal!  was 
 
 not  altogether  rcfolved  in  the  point,  but  as  a  difputable 
 
 queftion  had  it/>r^^^^ow/>^r/i^W4   Thetruth  of  which  1 
 
 leave  him  to  difpute  with  the  Oricntall  Chriftians.   It  is 
 
 «»sicidan/it.  maoifcft,  ^  Fr  ancii  \\i<i^i^  was  of  the  contrary  judgc- 
 
 l's^^\ft''d7'  ^'^^^^y  and  our  Countryman  •^StapletonddiycTS  it  as  a 
 
 frinci^isfdei   Catholick/^;/^?^  offomicr  times,  (undoubtedly  agree- 
 
 lih,i^.cap.iS'  it)Q\viih[hzto(ihc  £nffli/l:)ChutchJnondtvinOy/td hum4' 
 
 no  jurcj  &  pojitivts  ecclejid  decretis  prtmatam  ixomaiu 
 
 Fontificts  ntti  &c. 
 
 */ff»rtfviJ»,     ^  Butl  return  toour^King^whonowfortifyedbythc 
 
 opinion  of  the  Univerfities,  publick  difputations  in  the 
 
 convocation,  and  fcverall  precedents  offormer  Erinces 
 
 hi3 predeceflfors,  in  his  rights,  whereas  the.  Parliament 
 
 before  in  fomeparticulars  reftrained  the  profits  oiRome^^s 
 
 in  the  payments  oii^nnatcs.Peter-pence.'mz^^mg  AppeaU 
 
 to  it,  whofe  beginnings  with  us  1  have  formerly  noted, 
 
 «  s\a\,  2 5.      did  °  the  z  6 . He^^. S .  1 5  3  3 , declare  his  'JMaO  Jjis  heirs  aTtd 
 
 ^e^unthe^^'  ^  *  fi^^^JI^^^  i^"^^'^^^  of  this  r  Calm, (hall  h.ive  full  poller  &au^O' 
 
 hoytmber mi  rttyfrom  tyms  to  tymc to  vifit^  repre(]e,rcdyfjfe,^c. allfuch 
 
 fnded theis.     evroTSy  hirefics  ,  ahufes ,  «5cc.  lohuh by  any  mariner fptritu - 
 
 J-.,'  all  author tty  or  j.urifdt6fion.maj  be  Ul^ fully  reformed^ 
 
 reprejfedy  ordered,  y  redre(fed  ^  &c.    This  the  Court  of 
 
 i?<?/»^  interpreted  a  falling  offfrom  the  Church,  and  the 
 
 Englifh  no  other  then  a  declaration  of  that  right  had  ever 
 
 rcfided  in  the  Crown,  and  which  I  believe  it  will  be  a  dif - 
 
 fi(;nUtasktodirprovethcmin,  %-  For 
 
Chap.  VI.  of  the  Qhnrch  of  England.      1 23 
 
 S.    For  thofc  two  articles  fP^W/// 3. acculcs  the  King  pB«ii<pjirf«* 
 of,as  Hcrcticail  and  I'chifmaticall,  viz.  ^/WRomanus  j/'l^'J^''* 
 Pontifex  caput  eccLeji^C  Cnnlti  vtCiirtus naneriit,&(^uoci  15  |S. 
 ipfeinhn^\\(i^eccUjidJtiprcmum  capta  cxij}cb.it  (5cc.  for 
 thcfirft,  Incvcr  heard  it  affirmed  by  the  King  in  that 
 generality  the  words  import;  for  the  Pope  is  a  rcmpo- 
 •rall  prince,  as  well  as  a  Ipirituall  fatlicr  5  and  fo  far  as  I 
 know  he  never  denyed  him  to  be  the  head  oftheChurcli 
 ofhis own  dominions,  nor  oi  France  and  Spain  (5cc.  if 
 thofc  Kingdomcs  will  admit  him  to  fo  great  a  preemi- 
 nence: the  thing  he  oncly  flood  upon  is,  that  he  was 
 notfoinftituted  byChrift  UniverfailBifliop,  and  hada- 
 lone  from  him  fuch  an  omnipotency  of  power ,  as  made 
 •him  abfolute  Monarch  in  effect  of  the  univcrfali  Church, 
 and  was  fo  in  England,  For  his  being  vicar  of  Chriji  in 
 that  fenfe  other  Bifhops  may  be  faid  to  be  his  vicegerents, 
 (  as  ^before;  I  do  not  fee  how  it  can  be  well  denyed  ^  ^^^i•»r3^ 
 him  ;  but  that  this  Vicarfliip  did  import  the  giving  him 
 that  power  he  did  then  excrcife  here,  is  what  the  Church 
 
 of  £;/^/4;?^  hath  ever  eonftantly  denied.  As  for  the  Kings 
 being  Head  of  t'nc  Church ,  I  have  beforeiliewcd  he  nei- 
 ther took  it,  nor  the  Parliament  gave  it,  in  other  fenfc 
 then  the  French  have  alwaycs  attributed  it  to  their  Prin* 
 ccs:neither  for  oughtl  find  was  it  fo  much  fought  by  King 
 Henry,  as  preftonhimby  the  Clergy,  of  which  the  Bi- 
 {hopof/?(?^/?(/?<?r  wasone  that  fubfcribed  toit;  and  his 
 Anceftors  did  the  fame  things  before ,  he  did  aftcr,under 
 \\\tvi^\x\z^oi Prote^or 5 ^Tutors ^  : .  Chn/li  vic^riL  Domi-  ''  ^**^'  ^ 
 nt  i^grtcoU,  occ.  (4^.7,tscU, 
 
 9.  Forthcother  particulars  mentioned  in  thcBulii  as  »»ti^^dEid- 
 his  beheading  the  Bifhop  or  Cardinall  of /?^c/7^y?(rr,  the  "^^y-^^^'^' 
 bunimgof  Beckers  bones,  the  taking  the  treafurc  and  or- 
 naments at  his  Shrine,  to  which  may  be  added  the  fup- 
 prefling,  and  converting  into  Lay  hands  the  Monaftc. 
 rics  of  the  Kingdome,  I  (hall  not  fay  much ,  having  not 
 taken  on  mc  to  defend  that  Prinocs  aftious.   Yet  for  the 
 
 K.  2  takcng; 
 
124 
 
 tX,ot.VdrL 
 fe^.SMilUir 
 
 fttitionsde 
 
 /Flor.  \Vi- 
 gorn.  ^nno 
 
 t  NcLibn'CTcn- 
 
 58. 
 
 jtHovedcii. 
 Af^no  1198. 
 fol.^^d.  a  8. 
 jtf  VValfingh. 
 dnno  1 1^6.  f, 
 
 29)2,4- 
 
 ^  Gcrvas. 
 Dorobcro. 
 
 €^;  Hijloricall Fmdicatm   Chap.  Vl, 
 
 taking  ofFthe  head  of/? ^^^^^'//^^(if  he  were  convift  of  trea- 
 fon)lmLiftgive  the  anfwer  »'  oi  Edn^ard  the  3.  to  the 
 Clergy  in  that  kind,  e?}  droicidc  Clerks convici:^  de  trea- 
 fon ;  fur  ceo  qe  le  Roy,  &  tout^fcs  prcge?2itors  ount  cjiejei- 
 Jis  tut  tC7?7psde  fair ejugement&  execution'  ^e  Clercz*  con- 
 nji[iz.  detrejon  devers  ie  Roy  &  fa  Roy  ale  Mage  He ,  come  de 
 dro:5i  de  la  cor  one  ^fi  eft  avis  au  Roy^  qela  ley  en  tien  cos  ne 
 Jefoet  cha-nger:    and  then  he  cannot  be  laid  to  have  dy- 
 ed otherv/iie  then  by  law.   As  for  the  goods  and  orna- 
 ments of  Churches  by  him  layd  hold  on,  it  is  certain,  his 
 predeccflbrs  in  their  extremities  had  (lievv'd  him  the  wayj. 
 as  the  /  Conqucrour,who  took  all  the  ready  money  was 
 found  in  Religious  houfes;    '  Richard  the  firft,  who 
 rook  all,  to  the  very  Chalices  of  Churches ,    and  yet 
 
 th'  Archbifliop  afterwards  **  regio  mummtne feptus *- 
 
 univerjos  monachorum  ( to  wit,  ofChrtsi  Church  )  reddi- 
 tm  &  ohlationes  tumh/zheatimartyrts  Thovnx  fecit  fatji- 
 art  in  manu  Regis ;  ^' and  Edioard\\\^  firft  1296,  fectt  om- 
 nia regni  monajleria  perfcrutari ,  &  pecu?iiam  tnventam 
 l^ondonhs  apportan ,fecUque  lan4s&  conasarreHart,6^c, . 
 And  in  thofc  dayesBifhops  did  tcWY^ings, J  Thefaur  us  ce- 
 de f<e  vefier  efly  nee  ahfque  veflra  confcientia  dehuit  amove- 
 ri:  to  which  theKing,  verumeft,  Thefaurus nofier  efl 
 ad  defe?jfonem  terra  contra  hofles  peregrinos^z.  And 
 perhaps  it  would  be  no  hard  labour  to  Ihew ,  all  Prm- 
 ces,  not  onely  here,  but  elfewhere,  to  have  had  ( how 
 juftly  I  will  not  determine  )  a  like  perfuafion.  And  he 
 then  being  excommunicated  by  Paulus  3 .  for  maintain- 
 ing what  the  Crown  had  e vxr  been  in  poffeflion  of ,  can 
 no  way  befaid  to  have  departed  from  the  Churchj  but 
 the  Pope  to  have  injurioufly  proceeded  againft  him, 
 who  maintained  6ncly  the  juft  rights  and  liberties  of  his 
 kingdomc,accordingto  his  coronation  oath. 
 
 10.  Andihisis  the  cafe,  and  fully  anfwcrs  (fofaras 
 it  appears  to  me)  whatfoevcxcan  bcobjefted  againft  the 
 refoiaiation  begun  by  him,  or  made  more  pcrfeftby 
 
 EdUfard.^ 
 
Chap.  VI.  of  the  Church  ofEn^md.       125 
 
 j?^TV^r^thc6.for  the  manner  ofdoingit  ,viz.  thatthey^ 
 dS  fiipr  erne  Princes  of  this  Kiyigdome^  had  a  right  to  call  to - 
 ff  ether  thctr  olt>?i  Clergy ,    a?jd  H^tth  their  advtfe ,    to  fee  the 
 church  rcformedhy  them.      And  if  othcrwifc,    I  fhould 
 dcfirc  ro  know  how  the /^^.t/Tt'Withour any  intermiffioii 
 was  rcftorcd  byQnecn  MaryXoi  itis  manifcft ,  ihc retur- 
 ned the  life  ofit  immediately  after  her  brothers  death, & 
 yet  Cardinall/'^^/reconciled  not  this  Kingdome  \.o  Rome 
 till  the  30^^  ofryjpT^^rw^^r  above  a  year  aftcr,andthen  too 
 '''on  inch  conditions  oncly  as  the  Parliament  appro-  "*■  suu.  1.2. p. 
 vedj  during  which  fpace,  file  as  Qneen  gave  '^diredions  ^'-^  AW.  f4p. 
 to  the  Ordinaries  how  they  fliould  carry  thcmfclves  in  gSe^Fov 
 fcverall  particulars  J    which  as  itis  probable  file  did  by  Wo'-f-j*. 
 th'adviceofher  Bifliops,  fo  there  is  no  reafon  to  con- 
 demn the  like  proceedings  in  Edn^ard  the  6. 
 
 II . I  have  before  fliewcd  how  far  the  royal  power 
 went  in  compiling  the  book  of  Common  prayer:  for  a 
 Catcchifmpublifhedby  the  fame  Prince,  it  bemg  com- 
 pofed  by  a  learned  perlbn,  prefented  to  his  Ma^^ ,  and  by 
 him  committed  to  the  fcrutiny  of  certain  Bifliops  and  o- 
 ther learned  men,  quorumjudK^ium  ("fayes^hisMa^yj^^-  ^  Ljer^ante 
 gnam  apudnos aiithoritatem  habct  ^  atter  their  allowance  direcije  omni- 
 it  was  by  him  recommended  to  be  publickly  taught  in  hus  ludima- 
 Schools.     Likewife  the  Articles  for  taking  away  diver-  ^aliflhdai  '^ 
 fity  of  opinions  in  points  ofreligion,  were  agreed  upon  grammatuts 
 in  aSynodatZ^;?^o«by  the  Bifliops  and    other  learned  **/"""«« ^>/'*'- 
 men,  &  Rcgia  authontate  tn  Luccm  edttt.  The  King  in  tra-  «o  reim  7. 
 ming  them  taking  no  farther  on  himfcif,  then  he  had  in 
 the  book  of  Common  prayer.    And  Queen  CMary-, 
 though  fhe  quitted  the  title  oiheadofthe  Church  (  which 
 yet  flie  did  not  fo  fuddcnly  as  Saunders  intimates )  did  in 
 cftcftasmuch.  So  that  hitherto  there  is  no  way  of  fix- 
 ing any  fchifm  on  the ii";/^///??  Church,  for  negledl  of  o- 
 bediencc,  it  having  been  ever  fubjecl  to  the  Archbifliop 
 oiCa?iterbury:x\\A.  others  its  lawfuU  fupcriors,  reftoring 
 to  him  the  ancient  right  belonged  to  his  chair,  of  being 
 
 R  3..  their 
 
126      JnHiJlorical! Vmdtcatton  Chap.  VII. 
 
 €C4f,i,HM,  thcirfpirituallpaftor  fnextandimmcdutclyunderC^/'i^ 
 lefus,  ButthcKingdomc  being  re-unitcd  to  the  Sec  of 
 .Rome  by  Queen  Mxryy  though  what  1  have  laid  doth  in 
 agoodpartfreeitoffchifm  ,  yet  in  refpeft  the  refor- 
 mation! oncly  took  upon  me  to  defend  was  made  by 
 Queen  £//^4^^/A,  and  continued  fince,  itwill  be  neccf- 
 iary  to  make  fomc  more  particular  mention  how  it  did 
 palTc, 
 
 u  c  H  A  P.    vn, 
 
 HotiP  the  reformat  ton  n^as  made  under 
 
 Queen  Elizabeth. 
 
 I^^Zi:^^^^//?,  the  daughter  oi  Henry  i\it  %^^  by 
 Queen  K^nne  Bolen  ,  being  received  by 
 all  the  eftatcs  of  the  Kingdomc,  (aflcmbled 
 in  Parliament)  and  proclaimed  Queen, 
 ^  caufed  her  fitters  Ambaffador ,  S^  EiDPArA  Kerne ,  then 
 
 refiding  at  RsmCy  to  give  an  account  of  this  her  being  cal- 
 led to  the  Crown  to  pW«j  4**^  the  Pope  J  who  being  in 
 anion  with  France y  and  out  with  the  houfe  of  K^ujlrin 
 thenftridly  joyned  \^\\}i\  England ^    and  both  at  odds 
 with  the /•r<?;if/;,  told  him,  cither  perfwaded  by  them,  or 
 inifl.ctMntil  upon  his  own  heady  difpofition,  <«  England  >4j  a  Fee  of 
 lib.  ^^^nn9      f^^  church  £?/Romc ;  That/he couldnotfucceed^  as tllej^i- 
 15  5*  ^J99.    timate-y   That  he  could  not  go  againjl  the  declarations  yf 
 'ici^cp^'^Ce-  Clement//?^  j.and  Vz\x\\xsi''***',That  her  ajfuming  the 
 Kty^e  p,  4  io.     name  and  government  lifithout  him^  Tif/isfe  great  an  auda* 
 cityijhe  deferred  net  to  he  hearknedtoiBut  he  being  '^ttitn^ 
 to  proceed  paternally  y  ifJheHfould  renounce  her  pretenjions* 
 and  freely  remit  her  felf  to  his  arhitrement^  he  lufould  da 
 Tt^hat  lay  tn  his  poller  T»ith  the  dignity  of  the  K^poJloUck 
 See,   A  ftrange  reply  to  a  civil  meflagc,  were  it  not  deri- 
 ved to  us  by  an  unqucftionablc  hand ,  and  that  it  came 
 
 from 
 
Chap. VII.   oftheOjurcho/Enghnd.       127 
 
 fromP/i///;^/ 4»"*'ro  whom  it  wasnor  anunufuallfaying, 
 
 ^  tha(  hee  l^'ould  have  no  Prince  his  compagmon  ,  but  aU   tecod/mliho^ 
 
 ftihje^s  un^r  hys foo-t .  Upon  this  unwilliiigncffc  lod^z- 
 
 knowlcdgchcr  Qiieenati?f?;»r,  th'  Archbifiiop  oiTork 
 
 (  who  had  before  '  affirmed  no  man  could  doubt  of  the  cHUfpccdM 
 
 ;uftnefleofhcr  title)  and  the  reft  cfthcBifliopsrcfurcd  '^^  *n*king 
 
 to  Crown  her.  As  for  thaf^fome  write,  //Tb^ij  becaufe  they  ^JfuM^riei 
 
 had ev/detJt probjibilf lies/he  tnf  ended  eyther  not  to  take ,  or  ^f^'*'  f^  f-f 
 
 not  to  keep  the  oathlpAS  then  to  be  >idnn,'jt/}redunto  her.efve-  cemm^ns,  m 
 
 daily  in  the  parttctdar  of  not  maintatntng  holy  C^«;f/^rj  linfhcad,  Giaf. 
 
 UlPCSy  in  rejpe^jhe  hadjhc^edan  averjenejje  to  fame  cere-  J.°"'  ^.^'''^ 
 
 monieSi  as  commandi?ig  the  Btjh.  ^Carhle  not  to  elevate  the  rathi"h  L 
 
 theconfecratedHoHy  [lip-ho/loutly  refufed  her  )  and  out  oj  5^'»/?  t'ntbook 
 
 fear fhelt>ouldrefufe  tn  the  time  €j  her  fatn  the  folemn  di-  ou'oJof  Ju-*^" 
 
 vinectremony  ofyn^ion%  tbcfe  areccrtainly  without  a-  fticcinEng^ 
 
 ny  colour,  and  framed  fince.  Forasforthe  iaft,the  cc-  ^•»^<^^/*5-5u 
 
 rcmonyofanointing,  (he  had  it  performed  5  as  had  King 
 
 />«»ii'/ who  fuccceded  her,  who  '   would  not  have  his  crf^-spof?- 
 
 Quecncrowncdin<r^<?//4A;^  without  it.  For  the  other,  ^ood'iH;//#ry 
 
 it  IS  altogether  improbable  that  he  to  whom  die  com^  smw!^l%l 
 
 mand  was  by  her  given,  would  of  all  the  reft  have  aflbnp  - 
 
 ted  to  crown  her,  had  he  conceived  that  a  caufe  why  it 
 
 might  have  been  denied:  neither  indeed  did  flic  aitct 
 
 any  thing  materiallin  the  fervice  of  the  Church,  till  after 
 
 the  conference  at  W^<y?«^/»/?e'ri  559. tli£  3  1  .cj^//?;^  J;,  and 
 
 the  Parliament  ended. 
 
 2.  Topaflcthercforcbythefe,  as  cxcufcs  found  ciit 
 after  the  deed  done,  tlve  true  rca(bn  being  (no  queftion) 
 fomething  came  from  the  Pope,  in  purfuancc  of  that 
 anfwer  he  had  given  her  Agent  5  the  Queen  feeing  fhe  - 
 could  expeft  nothing  from  the  Papacy,  laboured  to  ^ 
 make  allfafeat  home,  or, to  ufeherownphrafc,  to  take  • 
 careofhero'^nhotife^  and  therefore  ( as  flie  had  rcafon)  . 
 defired  to  be  aflured  of  her  fubjecls  fidelity,  by  propoun- 
 ding an  oath  to  certain  of  them,  (  which  is  fcldome  a  tic  - 
 tQ  .other  then  hoiicft  miudsJIJuctlic.w ay  (mens  minds 
 
 diftrawtcdvi 
 
128  An  Hijlortcall  Fmdic^tion  Chap.  VIL 
 
 {/T'^*^^'  diftraaedinpoinuofreligion,the/lavvof //^«rythc  8; 
 .fj/>.io.  ^^^.j.i,^g^i(]^[^-,gi-heaudorityof  the Bifliop  of /?(?;»^;  be- 
 ing very  fevere,  for  fecuring  himfclf,  in  bringing  fuch  as 
 didbut  extoll  the  faid  audority, for  the  firft  offence, with- 
 in  thccompafsofa/?r^w«^/>^,  and  that  refufed  to  take 
 itjOftreafon,)  was  not  eafy  to  be  pitcht  upon  :  befidcs 
 ftylingthe  Y^xvs^head  of  the  Church  ^  which  many  made 
 lioum.  des  afcruplcat;  to  g  whicheffccl  a  bill  being  prefented  to 
 c«ciu  Ei^.  the  hoLife  of  Commons  the  9.  oi  February  y  after  many 
 argumentshaduponit,  the  ii.oi February  wf on  the  fe- 
 cond  reading  it  was  abiblutely  daflit,  and  upon  great 
 confideration  taken  the  u^.Febr.  a  Committee  appoin- 
 ted to  draw  a  new  Bill,  in  which  an  efpeciall  care  was  ta- 
 ken for  rcftoring  onely  the  ancient  jurifdidion  of  the 
 Crown,  and  the  Queen  neither  &y\z<ifupr erne  Heady  nor 
 the  penalty  of  refuhng  the  Oath  other,  then  the  being 
 excluded  from  fuch  places  of  honour  and  profit  as  they 
 held  in  the  Common-wealth:  yet  with  this/>r(?^'//3,  that 
 he  who  had  an  eftate  of  inheritance  in  a  temporallOfficc, 
 &  refufed  to  take  the  faidoath,did  after  upon  better  per- 
 ^•^  fwafion  conform himfelf,  fliould  be  reftored  unto  the 
 
 laid  eftate  5  and  that  fuch  as  fliould  maintain  or  defend 
 theaudority  ,  preeminence,  power  or  jurifdidion,  fpi- 
 rituall  or  ecclefiafticall,  of  any  forreign  Prince  ,  Prelate , 
 Perfon,  State  or  Potentate  whatfoever  (  not  naming  the 
 Pope,as  her  father  had  donejfliould  be  three  times  con- 
 vid  before  he  fuffered  the  pains  of  death. 
 
 3 .  This  Bill,  which  no  doubt  the  Popes  carriage  drew 
 on,  being  expedited  in  the  houfe  of  Commons ,  received 
 reformation  by  the  Lords,  committed  the  13  .CMarch  to 
 the  Lord  Marquefs  oiWrncheJler ,  Lord  Treafurer ,  the 
 Duke  of2yj>r/^//(',the  Eads  oiFFeJirnorland,Shreli>sburyy 
 Rutland,  Sujfex^  Penbrook,  vifcount  Mount aguei,  Bifliops, 
 Exeter  y  Carltjle-^  Barons,  Clynton  Admirall,  MorleyMch^ 
 ^tl/oughby,North,  no  one  of  them  then  noted  for  Pro- 
 f  eftantirme3  the  1 8  March  pail  the  Lords,none  dilTenting 
 
 but 
 
Chap. VII.  oftheOjurcbofRn^;xnd.       129 
 
 but  S.  Bifliops,  the  Earl  oiShrelvsbury  ,  Y \(co\.n\\. Mount- 
 ague,  andthc  Abbot  oiVVeJlmmJicr :  and  the  lame  day 
 fcnt  to  the  houfc  of  Commons ,  who  upon  pa'ulall 
 found  again  what  to  amend  it  in^  (o  ab  it  had  not  it's  per- 
 fection \\\  both  Houfes  till  Saturday  the  6^^^  of  .^^^(whcin 
 the  Parliament  ended  the  Monday  following  )  at  which 
 timconely  Vilcount  Mountague^  the  intcrelfed  Clergy 
 oppofed  it.By  which  it  cannot  be  queftioncd,but  the  ge- 
 nerality oftheLords  did  interpret  that  law, no  other  then, 
 as  indeed  it  was,  a  reftoring  the  Crown  to  it's  ancient 
 rights  5  for  if  otherwifc , without  doubt  there  would  have 
 been  as  great  an  oppofition  at  lead  made  againflit,  as 
 fome  other  ftatutcs  w hich  pad  thatParliament  met  with, 
 that  the  Marquels  of  Winchester  ,  the  Lords  Morlcy , 
 Stafford,  Dudley,  yp'harton.  Rich,  T^rth, joy ncd  with  the 
 Earls  ofShreH'slpuryi  Vifcount  Mou7Jtagtie^  and  the  Pre- 
 lats,  tohaveftopt. 
 
 4.But  whereas  fome  were  induced  to  think  by  the  ge- 
 nerality of  the  words ,  that  affirm  her  Highnefs  to  be  fu- 
 premegover?iour  as  l\eell  m  all  fptntudl  or  ecclefiafttcall 
 caufes  as  temfcralL  as  if  it  had  been  an  ufurping  upon  the 
 facred  fundlion  in  the  interior('as  I  may  fay)of  the  Church , 
 properly  belonging  to  them  in  holy  Orders,  her  Ma7 
 the  lame  year  ^'  did  declare,   She  did  not  challenge  a-ay  o-   ^^''^f^i^me- 
 ther  auctority  thenlt^as  challenged  and  lately  ufed  by  King  funfti'ons'^' 
 Henry //^^  8''^  and  Edw.  6.  '^vhich  island  li^as  of  ancient    i  hii-^. 
 time  due  toth'  imperiall  croli^nofthis  Realme-^  that  is,  un- 
 der God  to  have  the  Soveraignty  and  rule  over  aU  m.inner 
 of  per jonsl^rn'^lthtnthefe  her  realms  ,^z.  And  that  to 
 be  the  onely  fenfc  of  theOath  flic  caufed  to  be  confirmed 
 the  next  'Parliament;   at  which  time  a  Synod  being  '^s^^'^\-^*h'^' 
 held,  for  avoiding  diver fity  of  opinions  ,  and  cHablifhing 
 of confent  touch  I  ng  true  religion  ^Q»\t  did  exprefly  declare, 
 ^  they  did  notgive  to  our  Princes  the  miniftring  either  k^rr.  37- 
 of  Gods  Word  or  the  Sacraments,         'But  that  onely 
 prerogative  is  given  m  holy  Scripture  by  God  himfelf  that 
 
 S  />. 
 
130       ^nHiJloricall Vindication  Chap.  VII. 
 
 /V,  that  they Jhould rule  all eji at es  and  degrees  committed 
 te  their  charge  by  God,  Ivh ether  they  he  ecclefiajlicall  or  tern- 
 for  all  ^  andreFtramiv'tth  the  ctvillflvord  the  fiuhborn  and 
 evil-doers^  &c.  And  thcfc  articles  were  likewife  confir- 
 ,  nied by  Parliament  13.  Eii:^^  cap.  12.1b  that  no  man  can 
 
 doubtthis  to  have  been  other  then  an  acknowledge- 
 mentjWhat  Princes  had  done  formerly  in  all  ages  might 
 be  juftly  continued  5  not  anintrodudoryof  a  new  law, 
 but  the  aflertion  of  the  old  right  of  our  Kings. 
 
 5 .  Another  matter  of  great  weight  then  likewlfe  ex- 
 pedited was,  the  fettling  the  publick  fervice  of  the 
 Church  in  one  uniform  wav.  King  Edn^ard  the  6 .  inten- 
 dingfuch  a  reformation  as  might  ferve  for  edification, 
 caufcd  certain  pious  and  learned  men  to  meet  together , 
 who  ( as  it  Teems )  taking  for  their  pattern  the  pradife  of 
 the  primitive  times ,   cafting  out  of  the  Liturgies  then 
 ufedfuchparticularsas  were  any  way  oftenfive,  fhew'd 
 tkeirfcopetobe,whatthey  pretended,  to  reform,  not 
 makeanewChurchorServiQej   and  thereupon  had,  by 
 \lVca^i[*  /^^  atdoftheholyGhoJl,   (  ^  as  the  Adt  of  Parliament 
 fpeaks)  concluded  on,  and  publiflitthe  book  of  Common 
 prayer,  with  a  form  o^admimjlration  of  the  holy  Commtt- 
 nton^commonly  called  the  UHafs.  But  nothing  humane: 
 is  perfed:  at  firft ;  this  Book  fome  few  years  after  recei- 
 ved in  his  time  alteration,  and  the  word  Mafs  (  I  know 
 m  Cdf.ie       not  why  more  offenfive  in  it  then  the  »*  Augu/iane  Con- 
 $9rMifxT'  f^ffioi^)  expunged,  with  fome  other  phrafes  in  it. 
 fndnos,  9^  6,  But  for  the  better  underftanding  how  Queen  Elt- 
 
 fHrnmare-pe-     7^/?^//; found this Church,  it  wiU not be  amifs  to  look  a 
 iut.  littleback.  //^/^r^theS-dymgin/.^^^z/^r^  1 54*,  leaving 
 
 the  /?ow4;^Service,with  fome  alterations  not  greatly  con- 
 fidcrablein  it ,  the  wifdomeof  the  State  (  however  in- 
 tending afarther  reformation^  was  not  immediately  to 
 abolifliit;  foas  the  Lords  meeting  in  Parl"^-i  54.7.  7^- 
 vember  the  4.  though  they  had  the  Mafs  fung  in  Engltjh, 
 y^t  the  Liturgy  of  the  Church  v/as  not  common  in  that 
 
 lang;^ua£e: 
 
Chap.  VII.  ofthe  OjurchofRn^.\nd.^      i]i 
 
 langu.ige  till  after  Eafler  1 54.S.  This  Scffion  continu- 
 ing till/;  ^c^w/'^r  23.  rcftoL'cd  the  Communion  in  both 
 kinds,  upon  \\hich  certain  learned  nien  by  appoint- 
 ment met  at  r/''//^^r,  to  confiderol'a  deceiu  Foim  for 
 theadminiftrationof  it;  which  in  March  his  Ma^y  gave 
 out  backt  with  a  Proclamation,  fo  as  at  Eajler  it  begin 
 (without  compulfion  of  any, )  to  be  put  in  pradiic, 
 and  after  Eashr  y  feverall  parochiall  Churches  to  cele- 
 brate divine  Service  in  £;;^////?,  which  '^xVVhitfuntide  was 
 by  command  introduced  into  Patds\  but  hitherto  no 
 book  ofConmion  prayer  extant ,  onely  the  manner  of 
 adminiftring  the  holy  Eucharift  (omewhat  altered. 
 
 7.  During  this  while,  the  Archbifliop  of  C^;^/.  6.  Bi- 
 fhops,  3  .Deans  Doftors,  and  3 .  other  onely  Doftors, 
 were  bufied  in  reforming  the  publick  Liturgy  of  the 
 Church,  lohfi  Calvinoi Geneva  ,  a  perfon  then  of  high 
 eftcem,  advertifedof  it,  thereupon  wrote  to  the  Duke 
 o^Sower/enhc  22.  October  i  S48,  giving  his  judgement 
 in  thefe  '^  words  [_quod adformuUm precum  &  rituum  ec-  *iohan.Cal- 
 clefi.'ijlicorum,  valdeprobout  cert  a  tlUextcty  k  qua  pafiorir-  ^'""  ^'^ '  '* 
 bi^s  difcedere  m  funtlione  fua  non  lueat  >  tarn  ut  confuUttir 
 quorundamjimplicitati&imperitia  J  quam  ut  ccrtius  it  a 
 c on/let  omnium  inter  fe  ecclefiarum  confenfuSypoJlremo  e- 
 ttam  ut  cbviam  eatur  defuUoru  quorundam  lev  it  at  i  qui 
 novationesquafdamajfe^ant.'}  and  taking  notice  of  the 
 form  already  had  for  celebrating  the  Communion ,  adds 
 this,  K^udi^  rec'itanijlhic  inCcenxcelebrattone  orationcm 
 prodefunl^iSy  neque  verohoa  adpur gator ii  FapiJIict  appro- 
 hationem  referrifatisftio,  neque  etiam  me  late  t  pro  fern  pojZ 
 fe  antiquum  ritum  mentionts  defun^orum  faciendit ,  ut  eo 
 modo  communio  fidelium  omnium  in  unum  corpus  con  - 
 jun^orum  declaretur^fedobsiat  invi^lum  tllud  argumen- 
 turn,  nempc  Coenam  Domini  adeo  facrofanciamtjfe  ^  ut  ullts 
 hominum  additamentis  tarn  confpurcarcfit  nefas,  *  Hoif,t^f 
 
 S.  This  Letter  received  about  the  ^beginning  of  the  priHiedi>09k9f 
 
 S  2  Parliament,  f-'^^"^ 
 
 Pert  tl^  ^.IZ^yfrnhcr  '.  ft^hich  I(9»eciy(  %T0)K9tHt^  n^t  4f  <T^/<^rtfi«^  Wf^  ri'f  J$t*ruM. 
 
131         Jn  Hijlorkdl  Vindkdtion  Chap.  VII. 
 
 ParlUmcnt,whichmctthc  24..  of  iY<?7;^;?';^d'r  1548.  may 
 have  been  the  caufe  of  deferring  th'  exhibition  of  it  to 
 the  HoufeofCommons  till  the  ig.Dfr^w^tr  i548.\vhen 
 the  confidcration  of  it  was  referred  to  S'f  Thomas  Smithy 
 his  Ma^'^s Secretary,  and  a  very  learned  Knight,  who 
 returned  it  back  again  the  19.  January  ^  having  kept  it 
 by  him  a  full  moneth  j  after  which  it  was  expedited  and 
 printed  in  March  following,  and  the  6^^  of  i^pril  1 549. 
 the  Mafb  by  Proclamation  removed.  But  this  book  was 
 not  foperfeft,  as  it  yielded  no  exceptions ,  whether  juft 
 or  not  I  fliall  not  hear  examine,  1  know  learned  men 
 have  judged  varioufly :  it  fliall  fuffice  me  to  fay,  it  was  a- 
 gain  revifed  by  Bucer  (^  a  great  patron  of  Difcipline,  and. 
 Martyr  ,  both  in  E?7gland,)Qi\\d  reprinted  1552.  and  to 
 ought  in  or  of  this  fecond  edition  during  ¥.m^  Ech^ards 
 reign  1  have  not  heard  any  Proteftant  did  ever  except. 
 
 9.  In  Queen  Maries  time  divers  learned  men  retired 
 from  theheatofPerfecution ,  and  by  the  favour  of  the 
 Magiftrate  permitted  a  Church  1554.  ^^  Frankford^  la- 
 boured to  retain  this  Liturgyj  whom  KnoXy  VVhitting- 
 ha^»y2ind(bn\c  others  oppofed  lb  far,  as  one  Haddort 
 defired  to  be  their  Paftor,excufed  him^elf,andM^  Cham- 
 bers coming  for  that  end  from  Zurich  ^  finding  it  would 
 not  be  allowed,  retired  back  again,  and  xvi.  learned 
 men  thenat  J^/r^^'/^/^r^/^l^amongft  which  this  Haddony 
 Sandis  afterward  Archbifliop  of  York  ,  Cyinddl  of  Can- 
 terbury,  Chr'tjlofher  Goodman  famous  for  his  book  of  O- 
 
 TrohhlesAt  bedicucc)  rcmonftratcd  uuto  them  ,  That  by  much  alte- 
 irankUrd  />.  ^j^^g  thefaidbook  theyfhouldfiem  to  condemn  the  framerSy 
 nolo  ready  l\pith  the  price  of  their  bloud  to  confirm  it ,  fhould 
 give  thetr  adverfartes  occafion  to  accufe  their  doBrine  of 
 imp  erf c  Rio  n  ,  themfetves  of  mutability  ^  and  theGcdly  to 
 doubt  of  ivhat  they  hadbeenperfl^aded'^  that  the  ufe  of  it 
 permitted  thvy  '^ouldjoyn  lt>ith  them  bj  the  firfl of  Februa- 
 ly;  their  Letter  bearing  date  the  23.  oilS[ovember  1554. 
 
 10.  But  nothing  could  move  them  tobe like  Saint 
 
 Paul^ 
 
 XXll. 
 
->2 
 
 Chap.  VII.  oft  he  Church  (/England  *        i 
 
 PauI,  all  things  to  all  that  he  might  gain  fomc  ,  or  rclcnr  '  (^onmi*.  ix. 
 any  thing  of  their  former  rigour  5   oncly  a  Type  of  it  ^^' 
 drawn  into  Latine  was  lent  to  Calvin  for  his  judgement, 
 who  returned  an  anfwer  the  18.  lanuary  1 5  5*.  Ibme-  £p//f.  ico. 
 what refembling the Z^^Z/^/j/r/t  oracles,  That ihe book  did 
 not  contein  thefurityl^ds  to  be  l^ijht-^   that  there  Hfcre  m  it 
 incptias,jy^/  tolerabiles ;   that  as  helponldriot  have  them 
 he  ultra  modum  rigidos  ,fo  he  did  admoaifl)  others  ncfibi 
 infuainfcitianimisplaceantjC^f.  And  here  I  cannot  cfe- 
 nyto  have  fometimc  wondred,  why  in  thefe  difputes 
 the  opinion  oi Peter  Aiartyr^  then  at  Strasburgh ,  a  per- 
 fon  for  learning  no  leffe  eminent,  was  never  required: 
 but  1  have  fmce  heard  him  to  have  been  slwayes  a  pro- 
 fed  patron  of  it,  as  one  by  whofe  care  and  privity  it  had 
 been  reformed. 
 
 11.  Whilll matters  went  thus  in  Germany,  certain 
 learned  men  at  Geneva  were  compofing  a  Form  for  the 
 ufe  ofthc£^;^///i^  Church  there  ,  which  1 5  56.  wasprin- 
 ted  by  Grifpin,  with  this  title , 
 
 Ratio  &  forma  public  e  or  an  di  jyeum  atque  adrninijlran' 
 di  Sacrarrienta  &c.  /;/  \^nglorum  eccle/iam,  qu*^  Genevj^ 
 colligitur^  recepta,  cur?fJHdtcio&  comprohattone  D.  lohan- 
 nisCalvini. 
 
 But  this  did  not  fatisfy  all ,  for  Mr.  Lever  coming  to 
 Frankford  to  be  their  Minifter,  requefted  they  would 
 truft  himto  ufe  fuchan  order  as  fliould  be  godly,  yet 
 without  any  refpe^l  to  the  book  oi Geneva  or  any  other. 
 But  his  endeavours  were  foon  rejected  ,as  not  fit  for  a- 
 rii^ht  reformed  Church,  and  the  book  it  felfhath  rccei- 
 vcd fincc  fundry  changes  from  that  firll  type. 
 
 1 2.  In  this  poftureQueen Elizabeth  found  the  Church, 
 the  Protcftant  party  abroad  oppofing  the  book  of 
 Common  prayer,  fetv,  varying  in  judgement,  not  at  u- 
 nity  with  themfelves,  nor  well  agreeing  what  they  would 
 fubmit  unto  :  She  hereupon  caufc  J  it  to  be  again  revi- 
 led by  certain  moderate  and  learned  men ,  who  took  a 
 
 S. 3.  great. 
 
1^4     ^nHiJloricall  Findication  Chap.\H, 
 
 great  care  for  removing  allthings  really  lyable  to  exce- 
 ption^ and  therefore  where //r;;ry  the  8.  had  caiifed  to 
 be  inferted  into  the  Letany,  to  he  delivered  from  the 
 'Tyranny  of  the  Bipoop  of  Rome  dr  all  his  deteflahU  enormi- 
 ties,ss\\\&i  remained  all  King  Edlr>ards  time,  this,  as 
 what  might  give  offence  to  that  party  ,  was  thought  fit 
 tobeftrookout;  and  where  in  the  dehvery  of  the  Eu- 
 chariftthe  firilbookof  £^.  thc6.had  onely  this  claufe, 
 HThefir/i  ^'jhe  body  of  our  Lord  Jcfus  Chrift  It^hichli^as  given  for 
 f7^^/^K  ^*  ^^^^p^^f^^'^^^^J  body  and  foul  unto  everlafiing  life  ,  and 
 ■  ^  "  *  at  the  giving  of  the  Cup  no  other  then  7^^ /'/^f/^  ^jTf^^r 
 Zor^Icfus  Chrift  It^hichn^as  fhed  for  thee  freferve  thy  bo- 
 dy and  foul  unto  everlafiing  life  ,  and  the  fecond  book 
 which  was  in  force  at  his  death  had  removed  thofe  two 
 daufesjandinftcad  of  them  inferred  Take  and  eat  this  in 
 remembrance  that  Chrift  dyed  for  thee ,  and  feed  on  him  in 
 thy  heart  by  faithlvith  thxnkf giving ,  and  accordingly  at 
 the  delivery  of  the  Cup  ,  from  whence  fome  might, 
 and  perhaps  did  infer  the  faithfuUReceivcr  not  to  have  a 
 real  communication  of  Chrifts  body  ,  in  taking  the  Sa- 
 crament, but  onely  a  remembrance  of  his  fuffcrings;  it 
 was  now  thought  fit  both  cxpreftlons  fliould  be  retai- 
 ned, thatno  man  might  have  any  juft  caufe  of  fcandall: 
 for  be  C^ri/?J  prefence  never  fo  reall,even  by  Tranfuh- 
 ^ifof.xi.  ^4;///4r/^«,intheholy  Sacrament,  we  may  upon  <>  Saint 
 V'  ^^  <        Tauls  warrant  do  it  in  remembrance  of  him. 
 
 Thusatthcfirft  ofher  reign  matters  in  religion  paft 
 with  fo  great  moderation,  as  it  is  not  to  be  denyed  very 
 few,  or  none,  of  the /?(?w//Z7inclination(if  they  didatany 
 time  go  toMafs,)refuredtobeprefentin  our  Churches 
 during  the  time  of  Divine  Service. 
 
 But  of  another  thing  that  likewife  paft  at  the  fame 
 time,  it  will  be  neceffary  to  make  fome  more  particular 
 mention. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
Chap.  VIII  of  the  QhuYch  o/England.     13  $ 
 
 Chap.      VIIL 
 
 Hofp  Queen  Elizabeth  /ett/ed  in  this 
 
 J^ngdome  the  proceeding  againji  Heretic  h. 
 
 Nothcrparticular,no  Tmall  argument  of  the 
 Queens  difpofition,  fell  into  confideration 
 this  Parliament.  Her '^  Sifter  had  revived  all  21.2.?. m^ 
 the  laws  of  former  Princes  againft  Hereticks,  ^*P-  ^• 
 even  that  ^oi  Hen.  the  4.  which  her  Father  had  on  b  2.  Hf».  4. 
 weighty confiderations  repealed,   and  all  proceedings  cuf.i^.re- 
 againft  them,  till  they  came  to  their  very  execution,  per-  T^l/W. 
 raining  to  the  Ecclefiaftick :  how  to  find  a  means  to  pre- 
 lerve  her  fubje(Ss,  and  yet  not  leave  a  licenfe  to  every  old 
 berefy,   new  invention ,  fanatick  fpirit,  to  ruffle  the 
 Church  and  trouble  the  world,  was  a  matter  of  no  fmall 
 difficulty.  But  for  the  better  underftanding  of  what  then 
 paft,  it  will  be  requifitetoconfider,how  the  condemn- 
 ing of  Herefy  and  proceeding  againft  Hereticks  hath 
 been,  both  here  and  elfc  where,  how  her  Ma^y  found  it 
 abroad  in  the   Chriftian  world,  and  at  home,  how 
 thereupon  flic  fettled  it. 
 
 3.    T he  words //^r<?y^  and/Z^r^/irytwereinthe  primi- 
 tive Church  not  alwayes  of  fo  ill  a  found  as  thefe  later 
 Ages  have  made  them.   '  S*  K^ugujline  doth   name  QD^H^mi- 
 fome  opinions  for  hereticall  have  fmall  affinity  with  ^^^^f-^}- 
 Divinity-,   and  who fliall read  ^  P hi lajlrf us  o^  Heretics,  dTo.^.bibH- 
 muft  needs  approve  ^  Cardinall  BelUrmin'^  cenfure  of  or/^^^-  ^^^rum 
 him,thatheaccountsamongft  them  many  arc  not  pro-  '^^^Itc^xl'toiri-- 
 perly  Hcrcfies,  as  the  word  is  now  taken.    The  firft  hx^i. 
 Councell    : .  o{  Conjlantraople  held   3  S  i .  cxprefly  af-    .  ^^„^,-; 
 firmsby  thenameofHercticktounderftandfuch  as  pro-  c^n.  Ko'ra.is.- 
 ftffiag.theianie faith,  yet  did  make  a  feparation  from  1  f  «2f^f  .^-• 
 
 thofe^ 
 
i3<5       An  Hijloricall  Vindtcdiion  Chap.  VlII, 
 
 thofc  canoiiicall  Bifliops  were  of  thciu  communion.  But 
 the  conftruclion  what  opinion  was  hcrcticall,  did  ever? 
 fo  far  as  Ihavc  obferved,  belong  tothefpirituallMagi- 
 r^^jxv.       firate,  who,  after  the  partem  held  out  in  /holy  Writ,  if 
 any  new  erroneous  opinion  did  peep,  the  neighbour  Bi- 
 fliops and  Clergy  taking  notice  of  it,  did  affcmble, 
 condemn  it,  and  by  their  letters  gave  notice  of  what  had 
 patlthem  toabfent  Churches:  if  the  cafe  were  difficult, 
 the  prefenceofany  famous  Clerk  was  dcfired  ,  who  for 
 fettling  peace  (as  who  would  not> )  was  eafily  drawn  out 
 ^jr  Euftb. /'/'•   of  his  own  home;   fo  was  5  Ow^'^^fentfor  into  o/r^- 
 ca/).;.-.^..  y^^^   And  that  this  form  continued  in  condemnina;  He- 
 h  Eufcb.  lih.    refy  till  Conftnntine^  feems  to  be  very  plain  by  the  h  pro- 
 I/"f  ''f'  T^'  cc^^ingsagainft  Paulus  Samefatenus  and  divers  others, 
 c^p.22,z3,24.  remaining  yet  in  hiftory,  and  the  writings  of  the  fathers. 
 Butfor  thcprofccutionof  an  Heretick  farther  then  to 
 avoid  him,  I  know  no  example,  till  after  God  having 
 given  peace  to  his  people  under  Chriftian  Emperours, 
 i  Eufcb.  lih.    they  '  finding,  if  the  Church  were  in  trouble,  the  State 
 lo.  c.t/'.  7.      to  be  feldomeotherwiie,  did  provide  as  well  for  the  caL 
 atm.i'ih.  5.     lingofBifhopsto  Councclls  that  might  condemn  He- 
 yideepifj,       refies,  as  by  lawes  to  punifh  Hereticks. 
 Cynai^ii         3.  The  Councell  of  T^ce  therefore  having  in  the 
 Baron,  to.  5.    year  3  2$.  ccnfurcd  the  opinions  of'^^rir^s  for  hereticall, 
 ^nHo^io.n.  the Emperourthathad formerly  granted  pciviledges  to 
 k Codex  Theo-  Chriftiaus  326,  declared  ^  h^trettcos  ntquefchifmaticos 
 d9f.iib.i6dc  h/s privile'Tusal/e^/os dec. 3.ndih:it  no  lYLdin  mi^ht  be  dd 
 i.r/WfEufeb.  ceivedby  the  ambiguity  or  the  word //^r^//f  A',  ^   Grau- 
 deViu  Con-   an  and  Theodofius  in  the  year  380.  did  declare  who  one- 
 f^^^TiTi    ly  were  to  be  fo  reputed,  ^>;;^.  all  who  fie  undum  K^fo- 
 I  Cod,Tofod.    flolicAm  difiiplmam  evxngelicamque  doBrm^m  patrts  dr 
 !^^j '  ^^t      fi-ii  &  fpiritus  fan^i umm  deitatcm  fubparili  majeflate  & 
 
 Fide  Catho-  ^ ^  ,        -^^  •'  ,  j  t  r  i     ■   i- 
 
 lica/fp.  2.  Jub  pia  trtnitate  credamus,  banc  legem  jeque?2tes,  Chrtfn- 
 anorum  CathoUcorum  nomen  jubemus  ample^li ,  rcliquos 
 vera  dementes  vefiinofque  judic  antes  htzretictdogmatts  tn- 
 /i^?5z/4w/A(/?/^rr^:  and  the  year  following  did  not  onely 
 
 in 
 
Chap.  VIII.  of  the  Church  ^/England.     137 
 
 mlanuary**^  renew  the  faid  Hdicl,  but  in  July  *^  com-  "^^  ihid.dc 
 manded  all  Churches  to  be  delivered  thofe  Bifhops  w  ho  ^^^"'^^'^-  ^'"^ 
 held  that  profeffion,  ?ithil  dtjfonum  prof  ana  divijione fact-  n  ihid.  dc 
 enteSjfed  Tnnitatis  ordincm.perfefiarumadfertioncm.divi'  ^^^  Car  oh- 
 Tilt  At  is  ordi'ne7n  &c.  and  tor  the  m  ore  afiuranccas  a  mark         ^ 
 oftheir  being  orthodox,.*,  did  hold  communion  wirh  .-.  jt;V.  u^. 
 theCatholick  Difliops  of  any  one  feat  there  rcmcmbrcd,  ^>  i-^^'"'''* 
 as  B:L7riafii4  of  Rome  ,  TSlj-^ianus  of  Constufit'moplc  ,  FeU-  /^'^jc;  iVqi.>i 
 giHs  QiLaodicex  ,  Vhdorus  oi Tarfus ,  Optif/ius  of  f^uti-  rcligionc 
 och.Scc.  onmes  autem  qut  abecrHm  quos  cofnmei^oratiofpc-  ^oj^^^"^"n^» 
 aW/j-  exfrcj^itfide  communionis  dijjentiunt ,  «/  ma?iij(jhs    ^ 
 hjireticos  ab  ecclcjiis  expellt.  Which  note  o  ittjiintaii  like-  o  ro^tl. 
 wife  in  the  year  54.1.  having  prefcribed ,  goes  farther,  Co'#.  i«>^ 
 thatyrf^r.;?^?  comrf!t4'rao'ae?ninCathol  ca  ecclcjh  7io?i  perci-  '^^Z"'*^''" 
 pientes  k  Deo  amabiUbus  Jaccrdotibus ,   h^reticos  jujh  vo- 
 cnmus. 
 
 4.  Before  therelawes,itis  not  to  be  wondrcd  if  every 
 one  dcfired  to  be  joyned  in  communion  with  fome  one 
 of  thole  feats,  whofe  Bifliops  were  fo  recommended,for 
 conferving  the  Apoftolick  faith,  for  the  fandity  of  their 
 manners,  and  for  keeping  fchifm  out  of  the  Church; 
 which  being ufually  joyned  with  fedition  in  the  Com- 
 monwealth ,  p  Princes  fecm  to  have  an  cfpeciall  cyehow  p  Coi.  Tiet^.y 
 itmightbc  avoided,  but  after thefeEdifts  they  certain-  dofjii,.,i^^..'y^ 
 Iv  did  it  much  more:  and  there  beins  in  the  world  no  i,l; '!,?"'//" 
 Lifhop  more  flimous  then  the  RDmarh  nor  any  other  na-  tcndunt,  le^^ 
 medin  thefe  parts  of  fwro/j^  then  he,  every  one  cndca-  ^''^' 
 voured  to  live  united  to  that  Church ,  whofe  form  the 
 CouncellofA^/r^  325.  ( for  before  that ,  .\  ad  Roma-  .♦. i^Enex  SjK 
 iizxrxecclejiam parvus habebattir  refpeclus,  as  ?ius  fecun-  vii £;/[?.  j^i. 
 ^/^/ writes)  approvingin diftnburionof the ecclcfiaftick  *luJi\^o'.^'^ 
 government,  and  Emperours  now  in  point  of  bclief,t1ic  BeiixYmino  c- 
 7vi?w.t«  Chair  became  fo  eminent,  as,  for  to  fliew  them-  ^'^'  "*** 
 fclves  orthodox,  many,  efpecially  of  the  Xji/mj,  did  hold 
 it  enough  to  live  in  the  communion  of  that  Sec,  and  the 
 Fathers  in  that  Age  to  give  high  cxprctTions  of  being  in 
 
 T  union 
 
138 
 
 ':  Ambrof. 
 
 ,*  HieroH.  di 
 
 :■'.  Gregor. 
 
 fj  Cod.  Theo- 
 tiof.  lib.   1 6. 
 de  fde  Ciitholi^ 
 iti  leg.  z. 
 
 X  "Df  K.omtt- 
 no  Tontif^  lib. 
 4, cap.  s.§. 
 ^imdMUem, 
 
 i  Revcgnlt. 
 ftfg.  19  edit. 
 1608.  Jngol- 
 flat. 
 
 AnHiJioricaU  Vindication  Chap.  VIII. 
 
 union  with  it.    : :  S.  K^mbrofe  (hewing  the  devotion  of 
 his  brother  Satyrus  in  a  temped,  adds  yet  farther  as  a 
 
 niirk:  oiity  Advocavir  ad  fe  Efifcopum fercontatuf- 
 
 que  ex  CO  efl  utrumn^m  cumeptfcopis  catholicis,hoc  c[l  cum 
 Romana  ecclefiHy  conveniret:    and  S.  ^^^Hierom  ,  a  per- 
 fon  very  fupcrlativc  in  praifing  and  reprehending ,  wri- 
 ting about  the  fame  time  to  Damafus  ^  Ego  nullum  pri- 
 mum  niji  Chriflum  JequenSy  Beatitudini  tua^  td  ejl  cathe- 
 draVzincommumone  confocior  &c.  and  in  the  year  602, 
 a  certain  Bifhop  returning  out  offchifm^^;^/^^^^  volun- 
 tate  did  fwear ,    :•:  he  in  unit  ate  fan^d  ecclefiA  cathoU- 
 cay  &  commumoneV^O^wSiVn  Pont  ijicisy  per  omnia  per  man- 
 furum&LZ.    All  which  in  time  bred  an  opinion,  that 
 Chair  could  not  entertain  an  error,  and  the  beginning  of 
 the  mark  abfolutely  inverted^  for  thofe  men  who  at  firft 
 were,  as  others,  fought  unto  ^becaufethey  did  conferve. 
 the  religions*  P^/^r  had  planted  in  Rome,  muft  in  after- 
 ages  be  anely  held  to  maintain  the  fame  dodrine  becaufc 
 they  are  in  that  See ;    fo  that  the  Dodrine  did  not  com- 
 mend the  perfon,  but  thebeing  in  that  feat,  and  recom- 
 mended from  thence  ,  be  it  what  it  will ,  it  ought  to 
 be  received:  infomuchas  »"  Cardinall^^i^^r;^;/^;^ doubts 
 not  to  write,  St  Papa  erraret  practptendo  vitia  vel prohi^ 
 hendouirtutes^  teneretur tcclefiacredere  vitia  effe  bona  & 
 "uirtutes  malas ,  nifi  vclUt  contra  confcientiam  peccare  : 
 for  which  he  was  /afterward  forced  to  an  Apology; 
 yet  is  not  in  my  opinion  fo  abfurd  as  the  ^  rule  left  by 
 certain  religious   pcrfons   1606.  to  their  confidents 
 at  Padoua ,  containing  ut  ipfi  Ecclejia  catholics  (  un- 
 derftanding  the  Pope  )  omnino  unanimes  c  on  for  me f- 
 quejimus  :  Ji,  quod  0  culls  nojlris  apparet  album ,  nigrum 
 t/laejfedefimerttidcbcmusittdcm  quod  ?ugrumjit  prontin- 
 it  are  Sec, 
 
 5.  But  to  return  whence  I  have  a  little  digrcfs't:  it 
 being  plain  by  thefe  lawes,  the  Emperours  rcftraincd 
 f  oints  of  Hercfy  to  the  Catholick  Dodrine  of  the 
 
 Father^, 
 
Ch^ap.Vlll  of  tie  Church  o/England.       i39 
 
 Father  ,  Sen  and  holy  G he//,  the  g,iound  of  the  four  lirH- 
 geiierall  Councils;  and  othois  not  to  bz  cltccmcd 
 hereticks  :   in  which  lcn(c  1  ci>ncci\'c  Iiindrv  oi  the 
 
 0 
 
 ancicnti>  take  the  word;   as  **  S. /-//^rc^^^^,  when  hcfayes  uih-ct  in 
 all  Hcrttfcks  U,iv€  God)    and  Socrates  y  when  he  agiecs  ^^^'^■^•)- 
 iuch  as  *' condeniiicd  Onge-a  ,  ^//d:/.g  not  to  hLime  his   x-x.^  ve;,4Co^ 
 opifiion  of  thsholjTrtnity  ^mujl  co?>ftjJe  he  held  the  ri7^ht  ijb'fj.uf>.  t>' 
 faith  :   and  Leo  the  hfll,  when  in  an  epidlc  about  449.  ^^-  '- 
 he  exhorts  the  En-jpeioui'  Thecd^fius  to  confidci:  the 
 glory  oi   S.  P^^tcr  ,  the  Crowns  of  the  Apoftles,  r«?/- 
 ^orumqtie    '^:artyru?n  prJw.is,    qu:b:iS  alta  no:-i>    fun 
 Qnufi  fatiend'u  niji  confef^io  vtr^  divinitatis,  C/  zer^i,  hu- 
 n/anitdtis  m  Chrifto  ,   doth  intimate  the  true  faith  to 
 be  contained  in  that    profeflion.    After  theic  reftri- 
 dions  in  the  declaration  of  Hcrcfy,   it  is  Lkely  divers 
 Sedts  grew  very  audacious,  either  conceiving  them- 
 felves  without  the  compafs  of  law,  or  trufting  in  their 
 friends  and  numbers  5   infomuch  as  \^rcadius  ^  jheo- 
 dofius  and  Vdentinian ,  in  the  year  395.  were  forced 
 to  declare,  y  H^reticorum  ?:omine  contmentur ^  &  latis  l^fil^'^^^' 
 adverfs  cos  fnclioniht4S  dcbent  fuhcumhere  ^  qut  velU-  leg.z^,  <U 
 vi  arrrumCnto  judicio  Catholics  reiigionis  &  tramtte  de-  ^'^f^^- 
 teBifuerint  deviare:    which  ?  S^  Augufltne  explains,  ^rAugi-.r; 
 COS  utique  hxrcticos  appellant  y  qui  non  funt  icmmunio-  J" /^  ^'^ 
 n'ts  torum  ,    as  the  Councell  oi  Ccnfiar7tinopleh.^dbQ- 
 fore  ,    taking  the  word  in  a  larger  fcnfe  then  others 
 had  done.    Upon  which  the  Donatifs  y  that  w^erc  the 
 nioft  ^  furious,  lb  as  neither  the  perfons  nor  goods  ^J}''V^^^  '^ 
 of  Catholicks  that  dwelt  amongft  them  were  fafc,  epifl. 6 i°c>f'' 
 are  more  ^  feverely  ccnfured  in  them  ,  then  others,  io.j.comrA 
 whofe   opinions    were   certainly    more   dangerous ,  ^['  ^*'"'*  ^^' 
 yet  whom  Empcrours  did  think  worthy  of  more  fa-  h^coi  rheo-  • 
 
 6.  But  whilft  Princes  did  thus  by  their  lawes  onely  /t,*??,:^^*^ 
 corrcft  Hereticks, and  the  temporall  Magiftratc  execute  5i>5  4.^5* 
 ihcic  commands,  they  did  rarely  thiak  fie  to  proceed 
 
 T  i  ^  to 
 
I40       (ty{n  Hijloricnll Vmdtcation  Chap.VIlI. 
 
 "icannotbiit  ^  iq  bloud ,  unlcflc  pcrhaps  ^  againft  fome  fcditious 
 md  Wcicm'  preacher  j  and  the  holy  men  of  thofe  times  tiled  earned 
 hcchius  (in  pcrfuafions to dcter  any incHncd  to that  feverity  ,  asnoc 
 Tif.l'^deHa-  ^ftecming  it  to  agrce  With  the  entire  charity  of  a  Chrifti- 
 reikis  c-^c. )  311 .  S.Augufiine,  whofc  labours  no  man  equalled  to  pre- 
 ttnJerjhtid  fcrvc  thc  Church  ffom  that  contagion,  when  Donatus 
 ManuLls  the  Proconfiil  oiAfrtcA  went  farther  then  that  holy  man 
 decivicat:bus  likcd  in  that  kicd,  ^profeflethhe  had  rather  be  himfelf 
 i^S^^  flainby  them  ,  then  by  deteding  the  Vonattjls  be  any 
 piiciotradcii-  caufc  thcy  fhould  undergo  the  punifliment  of  death.  S\ 
 CIS,  y:ottohe  profper  c  remembers"  four  Bifliops  to  have  been  excom- 
 king  away  municated  3  92.  for  being  accufcrsof P/7/r//M;^  (tnenrtt 
 their  u^es ;  J  hayc  read  of  had  his  opinions  confuted  not  by  Syllo- 
 lionfnora!!l  gif^s  but  ftcel.  j  From  whence/  Baro?nus  conceives 
 ( eitus  the  it  proceeds,  that  fuch  as  deliver  an  Heretick  to  the  Secu- 
 UTPjerfoin-    |^^  for cxccution ,  to  this  day,  cffcdually  intercede  he 
 
 i:r frets  ulvi*  n  1 
 
 rr-umfuppii-  may  not  bc  puniiht  With  dcath ;  yet,  as  it  were  to  mock 
 cium/r.  dc  God  and  delude  the  world,  if  the  Lay  having  him  in  his 
 \7jonl^'  power  jfhail  defer  the  doing  it  more  then  ordinary,  Sit 
 whAt  ufe  Tpcre  [$  the  conftant  tenet  of  the  Canonifts, relying  on  a  Bull  of 
 itmX^c'ify  ^^^♦^*^^^^^the4. 1260.  heistobccompeil'd  unto  it  by 
 tftheyivere  '  ipirituall  ccufures,  yct  may  not  take  any  cognizance  of. 
 
 to  be  infjantlj   ^j-j^  ^aufc  at  all. 
 executid  ?  and 
 
 that  Ictrv  being  ta^en  out  o/Cod.Thcodor.Ieg.65  ,dc  lAxict.rphere  thofe  word^  Are  altogether  omit- 
 iedyJ  conceive  ]uCVin\ an  intended  by  them  no  other  but  ihofcCn^\ia\cs  pocnxf/jj/  tvere -i^oxi\  pro* 
 ximcc,  <«  mctal'i  cOc»#irio  ,  in  infulam  dcportatio,  C^c.  jf.  de  pccnis  leg.  28,  The  like  may 
 ferve  for  anfiper  tothoje  ether  T\.efcr!pti  in  Cod.  Thcodof.  de  HareiAeg.  9.  36*  It  ii  maHijifi 
 hy  many  pUces oj  3.  Av^w'WnCt^  10.  J.  coMiz  lit.  Pctiliani,  lib.  1.  cap,  86.  ih^t  there  nuu 
 no  Uwdurlnghi/i  time  cigainf}  t'.e  life  of  m  heretick  ;  and  Bella  r  mine  himfelf  confejftth  a^)  much, 
 dc  laicisf<»/>.  21.  §  Ai'guflintn.  But  howeyer  the  matter  ps  not  great-,  being  onely  agjinfi  Jotti; 
 particular  hereiicks ,  rvhofe  dcforlmentsmay  be  thought  to  hay>e  been  feditiom  ai  well  as  their  (on- 
 fcirnce erroneous  cVeHxret,  leg.  8.  (od^Iiiflin.  d  £/>//?.  127.  C^  B^etra^.  lib.  2.  c.tp. 
 5.  f  Profper  j«  chronica  i^n.  391.  f  To.  4.  ^»wo  586.;/.  z-^.J-'ide  lohan.  Koy:\^fJ>igHUr. 
 i€j.  n.  6.  D;yc^orium  Jnauifitor.  z  part. cap.  2.7.  p.  151.  fo/,  i.par.  ^.  qnntft.  101.  p.  702. 
 cp/.2.  rJ//.  p^ojwrf  1 585.  v/'c/f  iormnlas  C^f.  <^fl^ /wpw  praxis  iudiciarix  Inquifir,  p.  524.  c 
 p,  526.  g  DireH.  pari»  i.inqtijefl.  36.  Tranc.  Pcgn.  comment.  85.  p.  Co%,  col,  2.  lohan  a 
 iioyzf/inguUr.  ioy.n,  z. Vide  part.  z^n.  450. 
 
 7.  It  being  then  the  courfc  in  the  primitive  times 
 that  in  thcprocecding  ngainft  Hcrcticks,  the  Ecclefia- 
 
 £Uck 
 
Chap. VIII  ofihe  {^Z^/^rr/; ^England.    141 
 
 ftick  did  conclude  what  ^  T^^;r/j  were  Hcrcfy ,  and  the   -suuxm 
 Temporall  whether  the  party  accufed  wercguilty  of  the    Lciafin  z.n 
 imputation,  and  Hkcwiieot  his  puniflimcnt  (asismani-  j^^^'^^"^  ^• 
 fcftbyimpcriallconrtitutions,  the  writings  of  the  anci-  cannot 
 cnt  Doctours ,  the  cuftome  of  the  Catholick  Church,  ^'^^  ^-''^ 
 that  never  prayed agamft  Hercticks,  biitHcrciy, )  did  lb    '^onluUnth^ 
 remain  at  leatl  Soo.veares  after  chnfi  \  but  about  that  i'j<^ofst.  An- 
 time  the  divilion  ofthe  EmpirefaUing  out,  and  Epifco-  f;^'^/"' ;")/  ' 
 pall  Confiiloriescftabliflit  through  Europe  ,  Bifliops  did   mMKcrufed 
 beccin  to  claim  as  matters  ecclefiallicall ,  and  oneiy  pro-   ^^'^"'f '^^ 
 
 cy  •    r  Cd'ho  I  'k. 
 
 per  for  their  Courts,  the  ading  inthofc  caufes^  which  in  (hurchmcoH^ 
 fomcfortmi2;htbc  ,  ibfaras  the  determination  what  is  t^ewnationof 
 Herefy  did  extend.  Andaboutthcyear  looo,  the  Chri-   co^formul'ie 
 ftian  world  (asbranches  not  bearing  fruit  in  C/:7r//?,  and    lowhatnhere 
 therefore  to  be  caft  into  the  fire  ,   loh^i  xv.  6;)bc2;an  to  f('^'b''^,f'^^y 
 
 1  r  n.-  A  /-     •       '  /      tt  hoc  rale 
 
 take  that  w^ay  ot  punilning  Ulf//crea?jrs'j   lo  ni  '-  Itdy   Jcillis  Ecc!c- 
 »  and  France,jt4ffi4  Regis  &  uninjcrfjefLhis  confcn(HS.o\\\z   ^^eDci  catho- 
 were  thusdeftroycd  :  \w^  in  imitation  of  Emperors,  who   i!'^,^,-^,^^^"^^ 
 had  by  their  edicts  prohibitc^d  all  complyance  with  Here-  liampniTl- 
 fv^  fofar,  as  to  puniflianvlendin^^for  that  end  places  to   "^'^»s  impcra- 
 refort  unto,    ^  AUxander  the  3.  1163.  m  a  Councill  audiensnc 
 held  at  Tours,  &  in  another  at  Rome  1 1 79.  makins;  very   i"cqucns,ra  it 
 ftri6t  canons  againftHereticks,dcclared,^c/  & dofen fores  damn5o<? 
 eorti  O"  rcceptores  Anaihemctti  decernimKS  fubjacere  i  C^f-ib  inter  hxrcti- 
 dnathem.iteprok/ibemus  ne  quis  i)/fo5'in  domo  velin  terra  fiia  ^?]  ^^^^^^ 
 tenere  vlfovire^vehjegotiationem cum  eis  exercere pr.if>:-  nituir.  ^fgn'mfl  ■ 
 a;?^/.  Of  which  the  later  being »"  regiftred  in  the  Canon  ^'■ic:>fome 
 hWjisthcnrftecclefiaftickconftitution  initlhavc  ob!er-  'L^t.^^ 
 v-cd  to  condemn  rather  Hercttcks  then  Heref.  Soon  after  Cajfar  pro- 
 v\  hich  ::  Publicani  iomharebivnur  in  plunbus  locis  per  re-  """^'^^  J'^* 
 
 r^      ^  *  rcticos:^«t 
 
 A       5  gn''4T9t    t'cttjhtn'iv.g 
 
 to,')x:>oirent , 
 
 ihe   a'.floiije  of  t^ofe    times   rni^hl  perh.tpi    (  n>hctt    the  pUcf  h  fdj  ti'tfi  not  )    be    regarded. 
 
 The  Ivcuifuon  thftefcre  0/ Spain    in  their  InJcx  At  MaJriJ   1612.   p.   ^j.iol.  i.  appoint  it: 
 
 tohe  hlautdou:.  But  thii  edl!^:.^gai^^J}lhe  TtLigidtisofn'hcniihitFaihcrftakStti  not.non'jo::rid  ei- 
 
 thtr  in  the    tjdex  oj  Tieodof.  or  luUiftian.  But  fee  Baro  vlus  icm.^.annu  +1  9.w.  s  7,5  3.    /;Baror.,'c.-. 
 
 \o.^iino  lOQQ.  ;;4.    ilbid.to.w  ..^nnoioxy  .v.\,  kCod.Theod.de  Hxret.lei^.\2,ii-,;A-i'i6.C*'c.  . 
 
 lHo,wd.yo/. 3^4.3.4!..c^'rt^»</Ncubrigenf //k2.r.jf.i5.u«c«.6.    ni  Ik  H^rfii%u ca^.i'   :;IUi-« 
 
 g^iHoYcdcn^  ^Kfig  1 1% : .fol . i  y4..b. Z9 >ift fne  Jnni^  . 
 
nV'^j'a'iflor. 
 
 i.^z     An  HiJIoricall Findtc^.tion  Chap.  VHl . 
 
 gnum  Francix,   quod  Rtx  Kn^Wx  nullo  modoferwi(jt  m 
 tcrrafua,  licet  ibi  ejjer/t  perplurimi. 
 
 8 .  Yet  the  pions  men  of  ihofc  times  fccm  not  to  ap- 
 prove of  this  rigour.  S^  Bcr-/iard,  oncofthenioft  devout 
 pcrfonsofthat  Age  (virfltnc  Apojlohcus  fayes " ^r//^r- 
 mine)  following  the  doftrincof  one  much  more  Apo- 
 •«B(rrnard.;»  ftolick  ,  ^  explaining  CA;''Jic.\\.i<).Tak€us  the  little  fox- 
 .Cmi.ferm.      ^j  ;fjj^  Cpoylthe  vines.  Writes,  ft  juxta  alleaoriam  eccUruts 
 
 6--.X0A.C0l.  -'^    ^  7  r  1.1  .     ^    .     r       ■  // 
 
 9%-.k.  edit,    'vmcas.^vulpcs  hdirtJeSj  veifottus  httreticos  ipjos  tntelltgx- 
 
 i> s^.  m'^Sy /Implex eji fenjus  ,  ut  h.tretici  capiantur  potius  quam 
 
 (ffi^gentur*.^  crpient  ^r  duo,  nonarmis.fedArgume'atis^qui' 
 
 h:*s  refelluntuY  err  ores  eot  urri^  ipfiveroji fieri  poteji  re  con* 
 
 cdkntur  CHholicx.revocentur  ad  viram  fidtm hoc 
 
 deniquevellcfe perhibet,  qui  nonfir^iplictter  capite  vulpes, 
 
 yr^capite  nobis, /^/^;//>,  vulpes  ^  a^v  i\\2i^ -.,  fi bier  go  &fp  on fe 
 
 fu£,  tdeji  Catholicc^yjubet  acquiri  has  vulpes,  cum  att  ea.- 
 
 pi'te  eas  ?iobis.  and  a  little  after,  ^uod  JiHxreticus  reverti 
 
 noluerity  nee  convt^us  poji  prtmam  jam  &  fecundam  ad- 
 
 momtionem erit  devitandus.  Thus  the  holy  men  of 
 
 the  Age  in  which  they  ftopt  firft  mens  mouths  not  with 
 
 arguments  butarmcs,  did  judge  of  it;  and  indeed  we 
 
 have  not  many  examples  of  any  luffered  meerly  for  con- 
 
 Iciencetill  after  1216. 
 
 ^Taranffco  de         9.  In  which  year,as(ome  write,  Innocentius  3^-   P  on 
 
 ^Ifuh-^^Vit.  thcignoranceorremiflhcfsofBifliopsin  profecution  of 
 
 j.cup.i.?;./.     Hercticks,  did  give  beginning  to  the  ^  erection  of  a  new 
 
 p.  9o.Siman-  Court,called  fuice  the /;:j^«/y?//f?;^  I  ofwhofcinftitution 
 
 fluut.Tit.i^,    andufCjbecaufeit  hath  highly  fcrved  to  the  railing  the 
 
 «.4p.i82.      Papacy,  it  will  be  neceffarytofay  fomething.   He  there- 
 
 ii'aramo i<    ^^^^ ^^  ^'^  ^^"^^  appointing  Bominicus  a  Spaniard, foun- 
 
 vTigine  inqui-   dcr  of  the Dor?iinican  Order ,  by  a  Commiffion  delegated 
 
 ^^'  from  him,  his  Inquifitor  agahift  the  Albigenfes  in  France^ 
 
 ( without  abrogating  the  power  of  Epifcopacy  in  that 
 
 k  kind)   gave  to  him,  onely  aprivate  Friar  ,fuch  a  power, 
 
 as  caufed  divers  of  them  to  be  deftroyed  by  that  aufto- 
 
 rity  in  another    Princes  Dominions.  Though  fuch  as 
 
Chap.  VIII.  of  the  Church  (/England.     i\i 
 
 '  I  have  fccn  do  conclude  the  auftorityhccxcrcifcd  to  'F^nciau. 
 have  been  from  Innocentius  3**^- yet  of  the  time  when  it  <ioueusa' 
 was  2;ranrcc]thcydorome\vhatdiragrec.  Frxnctfcus  Peg-  laujuo, 
 na  ,  a  Spantfh  Doclor,  who  pubhOit  his  annotations  V'^VTl  n 
 on  the  Bireaorium Inqtiijitorum  at  Rome    ]  585.  yet  it  uiguoUh.  2 
 fcems /could  not  fccure  himfelf  from  them,  <  holds  it  to  p-4i  '"^'. 
 have  been  firft  committed  unto  him  about  1200.  on  the  yoT/t.  £ri!/t 
 otherfidc  Paramo  of  the  fame  nation,  that  was  himfelf  59Kom^5- 
 an  Inquifitorin  Sicily  ,  and  exprcfly  writes  of  that  fub-  ^^^  Ixu^or. 
 jeftjis  «  clearlyofanopinion  itcould  not  be  bcforcthc  ^iu.  i.com- 
 conclufionofthc  Councell  oi  Later  an  \  and  for  proof '''^"^•^^-P- 
 gives  in  my  judgement  a  very  probable  reafon ,   viT.  up^eon^iie  ' 
 That  no  Papall  Decretall,  or  Hiftory  preceding,  did  ever  iffufnUb  2. 
 namcany  fuchlnquifitor,  that  very  *  Councell  when  it  f!''//'*2  ^  "* 
 treats  of  Herefy  fpeaks  of  no  otherjudge  then  the  Bifliop:  p  ps.ro/.  2.  * 
 now  [tending  about  £^rr  1216.  ( Jas  Ifliallfhcwhcre-  ^^-^p-^^?^^^ 
 after;  ifgrantcd  h)' Innoccnt'tus,  it  mud  be  at  fome  time  ^  urfpcroea-* 
 between  LMarch  and  the  16.  luly  1216.  when  that  I'sp.jzi.o- 
 ?  Pope  dyed.   Yet  1  cannot  omit  that  ^  Camillas  Cam-  ^"'/"P^^^'- 
 ^f^//^/,inhisadditionstoZ^/^fi?//:j///,ipeaks  as  it  after  that  licuUnd. 
 Councell  Friar  7)^w/;;/V/'  had  not  hisauctority  from  the  "^"sW?- 
 Papacy  immediate[y,but  from  one  5rr/r^w  or  Bertra^id  i^-!g  ^.°^'^, 
 a  Cardinall  Priefl: :  but  who  that  Bertram  x^is ,  I  confefs  conciiio  Abfo- 
 I  have  notbcen  able  to  fatisfie  mv  felf.  ^  Oaco^jius  re-  '«'Y^^«^''^«^ 
 
 •  presbyter  car- 
 
 members  one  of  the  name  employed  againu  the  l^/^/-  dm^^i.  ipfum 
 gen/es y   promoted  to  that  honour  by  Innoccnt'tt<s  $"'  ip-itionn  of- 
 1 2 1 2 .  but  he  ftyles  him  onely  a  Cardinall  Deacon  j  as  he  ^^ pTJi<rcf//o- 
 hath  another  Co  called  that  wasaPrieft,  but  he  was  no  mmexempio 
 Cardinall,  till  Honor tus  V^^  in  D(Kemkr   1216   preferr'd  L^.^f^^r 
 him  to  the  honour,  fo  w^as  not  capable  of  ferving  Pope  fimiUier  injU- 
 Innocent  in  that  degree.  J^^'^^  ,^^^^^^ 
 
 10.   But  whofoever  firfl  began  it,  Frederick  the  za-  Ciacomus' 
 certainly  much  au2;mentcd  their  power,  ^  publi/liins;  dectrdivaiibm, 
 
 ft],   T.         c   yide  BttO.    Innocent.  4.    i<ir.  it.    Kalend    lunii  Pontifc.    hkho  ii.  ii<4    « 
 ^ulUridh  Fiancifco  Pegnafiii<.  4(i  (ulu/w  Pnt^onhl'  i^.O^  ^Uxjudn  4*   '^"^-  ;P    i4-^ 
 
-I  i|. 4       An  HijloYicAli  y  indication  Chap,  VIII. 
 
 the  zz.o'iFchYuxYj  1224.  three  lawes  at  P^^^.t,  by  which 
 he  did  coniVitare  the  Dom'hiicans  Inquifitors  through  the 
 Empire,  yet  taking  all  others  under  his  protection  j   and 
 appointhigfuchas  fliould  be  convict  of  Herefy,  utvivi 
 in  co?tfpe5iti  hominum  cowbura?itHr ,  jlammxrum  comrmfi 
 judiciOy&c,  Thatthcfc  edids  were  publiflit  at  the  onely 
 inftance  oi Honor ius  3^^-  is  very  probable  ,    in  that  they 
 A  Jtt[ext9        are  not  any  way  '^  recorded  but  in  papall  bulls  quoad ver- 
 t'\7!cloir4  Z'^,  r.-.asKhallflicw  hereafter.)  After  which,  feverall 
 4cdkgcs  pcrfons in  divers  parts  proceeded  againft  them  by  com- 
 
 cjuafdam.        milfion  ftom  Ro?7je:    (o  as  the  Bifhop,  who  was  the  or- 
 dinary detcftor  of  Hcrcfy ,  had  little  to  do,  and  be- 
 came daily  to  have  Icfic  and  leffc;  that  although  his  pow- 
 er be  not  in  thole  cafes  abfolutely  taken  off,  yet  it  is  fo 
 impaired,as  it  gives  place  to  the  Inquifitorj  infomuch 
 asifonefufpeftcd  of  Herefy  be  cited  by  him  and  the 
 ,f  paramo^?      Bifhop  ^  at  the  fame  time,  his  appearance  muft  firft  be 
 fotefiAtedeie-    jn  the  Inquifitiou ;  and  the  reafon  given  is ,  becaufe  they 
 £«tS  i^n.      ^^^^  ^  power  by  a  delegated  commiflion  from  thePopc, 
 io9.p.5j<5.      /  whereas  ioxhz ot\\Q.x jure dtvino hxc cura incumbit in h^- 
 5.°^;  \- ...         rcticos  inqmrcrc.  and  s  Simanca,  yet  more  plain  ,  Cum  E- 
 cap.i.  «.i  I. p.  p{fcopi  non habea?njecrctur/i  carsercm  ,  ?icc  rmntjtro$  tdojzc- 
 1 3  3  so\'  \ .        Q^  adprocedendum  adverfus  h  ay  ethos  ,  non  poffunt  fervare 
 fholTit'-i'^'    ordmcm ilium  qui  pr^fhitus  ejl  Inquifitoribus:  qua?n  ob 
 W.J.  remufque  cotantumproccdere  dehentiUt  in  hjirettcos  vel 
 
 fufpeiios  inquiranty&  fummxriam  prohxtiojiem  Inquifito^ 
 rtbus  fecretomittere  debcnt.  So  that  what  power  the  Bi- 
 (hop  hath  in  this  kind  from  Chrtji ,  he  is  now  become 
 little  other  then  agent  or  fubftitute  to  the  Inquifitor  in 
 point  of  Herefy. 
 
 1 1.  ButthefcCommiflioners  excrcifing  their  aufto- 
 rity  with  Fire,  Tortures,  and  the  like,  in  fliort  time  found 
 thcmfelves  infinitely  miftaken,  in  expefting  by  fuch  vi- 
 olence to  render  that  peace  in  the  Church,  and  obedi- 
 ence in  the  world,  the  primitive  Fathers  by  the  truth  of 
 their  Didats,  evidence  of  reafon,  and  piety  of  their  lives, 
 
 drew 
 
Chap.VlII.  ojthc  Umrch  ^England-       1+5 
 
 drew  men  unto  :   for  in  fomc  places  they  were  ^  ex-  '^ ^'^f •j^-^'- 
 peirdby  the  peoples  fury,  lurdly  any  where  continued  LaTknum 
 but  by  Itronghand;   their  carriage  being  fbfull  of  Scan-  ^di.fnabar- 
 dall,asC/^;/yr;;/the  5.  ii^  tl^c  Councell  of  Vienna  could  l^^"^'^"^-^""^ 
 
 ,  ,  ,       J  '- J  --T  Item. 
 
 notbut acknowledge tney  had  io  exceeded  the  power  cromc./nr- 
 committed  to  them  by  the  Apoftolick  Sec,  '  ui  quod  tn  f^^z-  '^'^'"^ 
 augmentumfidciper  circumf^eci:\m  ejufdcm  fcdis  vigil  ah-  Jj^  ^'^^^^^  \  ^^\\  ^ 
 ttam  fiilubrttcr  eji provijtim ,   (dtnrifub pietatis  fpcue gra-  p  2;  s  Mar. 
 var/tur  mtioxii)  cedat  m  fidclium  ditrinn?num.  For  ihclc  ^^^'*  '^^"^ 
 
 12,3^.  04  in, 
 
 men  took  upon  them  under  the  Pope, not  onely  to  con-  jn«oirj«"^' 
 (true  whatwasherefy,orcomp{yingwJthit,  butonthofc  ^s^.Munac- 
 imputations  to  imprifon,  fine ,   confifcate  mens  goods,  "  ^^r^^i'^^^ 
 to  the  deftrudion  of  honed  people,  and  families ;  which  i  m  clement. 
 forced  fome  States  ^to  limit  their  proceedinsis ,  barre  ^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 them  of  prifons  proper  to  themfelves,  and  the  wife  Fe-  kvide  cio- 
 »^//^«  appoint  three  Senators  to  fupervife  their  aflions:  vanmViiia- 
 infomuch  as  this  delegated  power  did  fo  decline,  as  not-  ^^j[  '  ^ '"  ^'^^* 
 withilandingthe  many  conliitutionscf /^;;^^f(f/^/m4.<^^ 
 t^/exa/;der  thcfomthy  and  fcvcrall  other  popes  yet  ex- 
 tant for  regulating  of  it,  out  o'i  Italy  it  was  little  taken 
 notice  of;  ^  in  <5y?/7/>/ it  remained  ohfcurum  dchilitatum-  ^P-it-nmotf? 
 ^ue^  till  Ferdinand  and ifahe/Ia  1 479.  by  agreement  with  ^/5,"^ ^"^"-^^ 
 Xiftiis\.  or, as^  others,  \\%\.\^\\X\Innocentius  S,did  fo  zcipr^.n\\. 
 renew  it,  as  »i*/w^r;:f4  doubts  not  to  write,  they  did  in-  P  »'J-  ^ 
 trodnceit  mto  that   Kuigdome  :    which  I  conceive  to  ,5^. 
 be  in  refpedofthe  aiterations  in  the  proceedings  now  «»Franc»f. 
 ufedtothofe  were  formerly;  for  that  tribunall,  in  pre-  reioTpart.-il 
 cedingtimes  committed  from  the  Papacy  to  Friars regu-  com.iz.p. 
 
 49  ;  .  col-  I. 
 
 In^ 
 
 lars  (  who  mcft  depended  on  Rome,)  and  therefore  laid  ^%'^l!'^li 
 to  be  the  Popes  Court,  is  fince  by  this  concord  become  fltt.Tit.  h- 
 in  effed  no  other  then  the  Kings,  being  recommended  n.'^.seeVc' 
 to  the  care  of  Clerks  fecular  and  Lawyers,    the  Do-  ^"^"  '^ 
 ntinicans  who  formerly  governed   it   altogether  ex- 
 cluded ,    unlefle  where  the  Inquifitors  require  their 
 counfcil. 
 
 12.  The  ftylc  or  manner  there  ufcd  being,  that  his 
 
 V  MaT 
 
1 4.6      ^n  Htjhricall  Findicatht  C hap. Vi  iL 
 
 -or/(/erara-  Ma«T  0  names  an  Inquifitor  gcnerall,  whom  the  Pope 
 j>i^*1^^iJ"^  approves,  and  aftcu  is  not  at  all  admitted  to  intcrpofe; 
 Tu.V.'up/^.'  for  that  Inquifitor  nominates  a  CouncelljOf  which  him- 
 pertotum  :  c^  f^ifjs  Prefident,  for  number  and  perfons  as  the  King 
 fu^ra^^T^^i^.  hkes  (as  fometimes  five^to  which  Ph/l/p  the  2. added  two 
 »-6,7.  more,)  and  the  fe  be  of  the  graveft  divines  of  *y^^/«,  e- 
 
 verrcfiding  at  or  near  the  Court,  who  compofe  all 
 differences arifing in  particular  Courts,  receive  all  ap^ 
 peals,  punifli  the  defeft  of  agents,   and  relates  to  none 
 but  the  King.  Of  this  Councell ,  as  I  (aid,  the  Inquifi- 
 tor gencrall  is  Prefident,  whofe  auftority  is  very  ample  j 
 for  he  nominates  all  provinciall  Inquifitors  and  their 
 Officers,  (who  yet  enter  not  on  their  charges  but  by  the 
 Kings  allowance^  whom  on  occafion  he  removes  and 
 puni(hes,  releafes  all  penances,  appoints  vifitors  over 
 particular  Courts,  and  though  he  be  direded  by  the  rule 
 of  the  Canon  Law  and  papall  bulls,  yet  on  occafion  va- 
 ^infiruB.       ries  from  them  ,  as  is  manifcfl  by  P  thcfe  Inftrudions, 
 Hifpal  cap.     Reiinquendum  eft  arhitrio  &  pruienUA  raqutfitorum ,  ut 
 ;  Paramo  p.  fYocedaytt juxtajUYts dijfoptonem  m  his  qu^  hic  non  ex- 
 i^(>col2.n.A' preffedalarantur^is  anfwerable  to  none  but  the  King, 
 admitting  the  Pope  either  very  little  or  not  at  all;  info- 
 ^Adriani       much  as  q  Pius  4'«^-  1565.  fending  the  Cardinall  Buon 
 f  ih'i.c^*     compagno  into  Spatn^  upon thecaufeof  the  Archbifhop 
 %Ud.iih.  \  8./>.  of  Toledo ,  committed  by  the  Inquifition  there  fix  yeares 
 iiiVvlnt^^^  before  on  an  imputation  of  hcrefy,  the  Kings  counfell 
 ^adriii  i(5o5.  liked  uot  hc  fhould  alone  examine  that  Prelate,  without 
 itb.6    in  Vto  joyning  two  Spaniards  both  in  the  procefle  and  fen- 
 ^oiz!^^'^'  tence.  Neither  did  that  State  receive  the  Councell  of 
 Trent  1 564.  by  other  auftority  then  the  Kings  onely, 
 who  by  his  edift  of  the  12.   oi luly  commanded  the 
 Cardinallsand  others  of  his  Clergy  to  obfervc  it,  with- 
 out making  any  mention  of  the  Pope.  So  that  iu  that 
 Kingdome  this  Catholick  Prince  doth  not  take  on  him 
 much  Icfs  over  Ecclefiaflick  Courts  and  caufes  then  the 
 King  oi  Engl  and,  however  he  do  not  flyle  himfclf  Head 
 
 of 
 
Chap.Vm.  o/tleO'^^yc/jo/Enghnd.    147 
 
 of  the  Church.  And  therefore  '  Sima.72ca  ipcaking  o^^^'^'^"'-  ^'*- 
 this  Inquifition, plainly  laycs,  Ferdinand  and  iJubcUaJH-  „  ",  '  '  '** 
 dtcn  ordinem  quo  etidrn  hodie  uttmur  magna  ex  parte  tvjii- 
 tuertint,  Inlbmuch  asifwcmcct  it  at  any  time  termed 
 the  Pc^ri-C^«r/therc,itis,noqucftion,bLii:  a  nominall  ap- 
 pellation, of  that  IS  neither  (bbjeft  to  his  rules ,  nor  to 
 follow  his  coinmands ,   but  as  another  will. 
 
 15.   But  this  Court  in  Spain  ,  and  other  places  con- 
 forming themfclves  much  to  the  papall  inrercfl,    is  be- 
 come very  infamous  ,  things  being  carried  in  it,    as  wc 
 rcadm  /Monf^'^^  T/^c/zj excellent hil\orv,pr.f^o/?rr.z7«-  [^'I^J'^-rf- 
 aiciorum  forma,  contrx  natnralem  ^quitatem  ^  U"  omyrcm  1547. 
 
 le([tttmurn ordinem, turrutiam  wim^initas  tormcnto- 
 
 rum^  quib  us  pier  urn  que  contra  vent  at  cm ,  quicquid  delcga- 
 tisjudicibus  libebat^k  mtJ€rts&  innocentibus  reiSy  ntfc  cru- 
 €tatib^(s  cximerent,  torqueb-itur.  And  Indeed  the  directi- 
 ons Popes  have  fet  them,  do  not  agree  I  think  with  the 
 praftifc  of  any  (landingCourt  of  Jullicc  the  world  ever 
 faw:  as  that  of  ^  innocentius  ^^^^  and**  P/^^j  4'*^*  that  no  f  ^/)«^  Ey- 
 man/liallknow  the  names  either  of  his  accufer  or  that  '"'^"^""^^.'- 
 
 rector.  Inqui- 
 
 tetlifies  againft  him  ,  which  x  CamiUus  Campegtus  will  [n.^^r,  2. p. 
 not  have  communicated  to  thofe  learned  men  th' Inqui-  ^^^*    ^ .. 
 fitors  fhall  call  to  their  affitlance  in  judgement.     Ano-  cmnutium 
 therJ'  oiPius  5^^,  that  no  declaratory  or  definitive  fen-  cunificur.i 
 tcnce  in  favour  oftheacculed.  though  after  a  canonicall  ivpna;!!,^ 
 ^ux2^2l\on J pojje  ftcere  tranfitum  in  rern  judicatar^t  y  but  BirenonHm 
 that  they  may  ai2,ain  proceed /7;»  ^^/z;^//^^//i  quim  novi-  ^^'^^P-^- 
 terjupcr  cijdtm  articulis :  which  m  efrccc  is  no  other, but  aflcrcrc  a  > 
 thata  manonceaccufed  before  them  can  never  be  freed.  <^^o,  q  od 
 Of  a  third  of  the  ^  fimePope,   that  wholocver  fhould  jj^[^  '!Vt^^ 
 ftrikeor  terrify  any  belonging  to  the  laid  Office,  (even  proccflT  s  in- 
 aNotaryorfervant)fhouldairi  tany  toefcapcimbezzle  ^cgmiitcr 
 
 V  2  any  b  s  &  cir- 
 
 c.imft.mtiis 
 publfcanduscfl  CTT.  Additiones  ad  cdp.j^.  ZnnchinI  p.  loi.Kow^  1^70.  edit.  y  But- 
 
 U    Pii   Uh   cm  jniuum    In;cr    multipliccs  curai.    du:.    Kom^   21.    Pecemhr.    \<iC6.    nhi 
 fttpr*,  p.   169.  z  Bul/4  Vli  ^th  <■«/  tnitiHm    Si  dc  pcotcgcud's,  dat.   Konitc   I.  -^- 
 
 fri/.  1569.  ibid.  p.   174. 
 
«j  Adrian! /it. 
 i7./>.  I15  8.C. 
 
 i+S       (lAiiHiJloricall Vindication  Chap.YTlI, 
 
 any  writings  of  char  Courtjbefidesthcbcingby  that  Bull 
 declared  o^/^^/^^w^,  fhouldbe  guilty  of  rreafon,  and 
 lliffcr  according  as  men  found  culpable  in  pnmo  c/ipite 
 di5^^xlegis,x\\Q\x.  childrcnfubjecl  to  the  paternall  infamy, to 
 be  not  onely  incapable  of  iuccceding  in  the  fathers  inhe- 
 ritance, but  of  receiving  any  legacy  from  friend  or  (Iran- 
 gcr,  oractainingany  place  of  dignity  whatfoever;  and 
 others  of  the  like  nature,  too  long  to  be  infifted  on. 
 
 14.  Certain  it  will  not  be  ealy  (at  lead  romyundcr- 
 ftandmg^   to  prove  thcfe  proceedings  of  a  CourtChri- 
 ftian  to  agree  With  thofe  rules  and  examples  Chrift  him- 
 felf  hath  left  us  in  holy  Scripture :   but  the  purfuing  thefe 
 Maximes,  and  the  like, hath  brought  a  great  obloquy  up- 
 on this  Court,  fo  as  it  iUield  an  undoubted  truth  ,    the 
 Inquifition  under  the  Spaniard  hath  an  eye  rather  to 
 *»  empty  the  purfe,  and  is  upholden  more  for  temporall 
 ui'ji-  concii,    ends,  then  CO  cure  the  confcience.  And  to  this  purpofe 
 diTrnt,^nh.    it  may  not  be  here  Unfitly  rcmcmbred,  that  a  Spamfh  In- 
 '^'  ^^^'        quifitor,  employed  by  Fhilip  the  2 .  into  Sictly,  writes  ,  it 
 ::  Paramo     isfound  amongft  the  records  of  that  Kingdome,  : :  quoA 
 ^uilit^iib    ^'  ^^^^^^^^ ^^ an?^o  1535.  fun  limitata  feu  fufpenfa  jurifdi[ito 
 r4/>.  II. ».  17.  t.mpor.xlU  hytisfan^fi officii  in  aliquibus  cafibiAS per  invi" 
 p.  303.  Uifimum  Carolu?n  ^  ^^^falicis memortcC^jurifdi5fio  fpiritH- 
 
 alts  caufirumfiiet  fufit  tnfafpenfoidrquafimortua  :  which 
 I  take  no  other  then  aconfeflfion  ,  the  Church,  which  it 
 maintains,  without  the  temporall  power  would  fail  and 
 bKifpofJ^ad  come  to  noughtjas  indeed  ^  Cardinall  BelUrmine  fome- 
 pioy'ddPa-  wherein  effect  confeffech,  that  to  reftrain  ecclefiaftick 
 drci'aolop.  jurifdidon  to  (piritualls,  that  pertain  to  the  foul,  is  to 
 *^*  reduce  itto  nothing. 
 
 1 3 .  But  becaufe  I  am  here  entred  upon  this  fining  or 
 confifcation  ofthegoodsofaLay  pcrfon  by  a  fpirituall 
 judge,  on  the  conviaion(  or  rather  imputation)  ofHe- 
 refy,  it  will  not  be  amifs  to  fee  how  the  Ecclefiafticks 
 have  gained  that  addition  to  the  power  left  them  by 
 Chrifl  5  which  is  fo  neccffary,  as  without  it ,  that  onely 
 
 was 
 
Chap.  Vlir.  of  the  Qhurch  of  England.    1 19 
 
 wascommittcJto  tlicm  from  him,  which  the  ancient 
 Fathers  practise,  would  be  as  it  were  dead.  Ir  cannot  be 
 dcnyed,  Princes  d;d  in  former  ti  ues  by  their  cdids  im- 
 pofe  pecuniary  penalties  on  fomc  adions  concerned 
 relii^ion;  lo  did  <^  rheodofi iS  i()z.owW\^\  asdidordain  cro<f.n«i. 
 
 J       •  !  rr  •  /  111  "^     Hxrn     1(9. 
 
 or  were  ordained  m  Hxrettcis  crroribus-^    whicii  law  a  21. 
 ^  Gouncell  held  in  '^fnck  about  404.    (  provoked  by  dconcilAfric. 
 the  inhum  mity  of  the  Donattfls  )  did  petition  th'  Empe-  3  f,o"^°'/^. 
 xouYHo.'on  'S  mij,ht  be  of  force  againil  thcni :  but  never  Anno  40+.  n. 
 any  holy  Bilhop  of  rhofctimes  rook  upon  him  to  con-   '^^ 
 fifcateany  mans  eltaic  tor  h:s  opinions,  much  lefle  to 
 damnify  the  (ow  for  the  fathers  teacts  -^   and  the  lawyer^ 
 
 doexprefly  relolve,  ^  jipos  utalicuiirrogatur •  7ie  Ad  fffd^  ^en^ 
 
 ^^r^i^e'i/r^///?^/,  andgivechi,  rcafon  ,   ^ Pcv/^a  cofiHitui-  {\^^\^  1 
 turin  emend.ttioneK^hominum  ,  qt^ty    mortuo  eo  inqHcrn  26^ 
 conflituividetur,  defmit-^  again,  no    man  \s  alic?^i   en- 
 mints  fucceffor :  and  accordingly,  many  s  imperial!  con-  Z^'^'^-'^^'eod. 
 ftitutions  doexprefly  provide, the Catholick  children  of  /r^. +0.  Uu 
 hcreticall  parents  ( though  the  father  were  deprived  of  ^nno^ij.  in 
 rhem;fliould(LKceed  in  their  paternallgood^;  and  thus  ^tmlil'  "'" 
 itftood  for  oughrl  know  forabovea  1000  yearcs,  the  i9-/4u'l.'j;»e 
 Chrillian  world  thinking  it  hard  the  Ton  lliould  fuffer  for  ^'^-^'^ 
 an  erroneous  perl  wahon  ofthe  father ,  neither  did  ever  isiovei.i  1 5. 
 any  holy  Bifhop  for  thit  fpace  f  unlelTe  as  Deputy  to  '^•v-  3'§.  i  v. 
 fome  '  rincej  rake  upon  him  that  way  of  punifhiniz;,  and  /'"!   ""! 
 ifany  did,  it  was  not  approved  in  him. 
 
 16.  Intheyear  1  14S.  ^  th'Archb;(hopofC^;^/^A^.vry  ^^^''^^'Gcr- 
 
 11     .  I  ^  .1  •  1      yr-         va^Doro- 
 
 called  by  Eugentus  i^   to  a  Counccllat/^awj,tne  Kn^g  bcrn.  (q\. 
 denied  him  pafl^age;   ycthc  rtolethithcr;   for  which  on  »3:5»  m^4. 
 his  return  he  was  cxpelfd  EngU^id-.  intowh.chnotwith-  J^t^Vo 
 ftandiughegor,    fhrouding  himfelf,as  itfecmSjinthofc  Wiiiicimus 
 tcmpelfuous  time>,anJto  make  himfelf  the  more  for-  '^'^o^'^^''^- 
 midable,  interdided  divine  fcrvice  through  the  King- 
 dome  (which  is  the  firft  experience  the  nation  ever  had 
 ofthatcenfurej  To  this  the  Prior  of  S.  k^'tguflincs  rc- 
 fufcd  to  yield  obedience;  and  th'  Archbifliop  havir.g 
 
 V  3  now 
 
ISO       An  Hiftoricall  Vindication  Chap.  VI II. 
 
 now  made  his  peace  with  Stephen  ,    got  the  fentencc 
 iThorn, co/.    confirmed  fiom  Romeh  upon  which  *  omnes  fecuUres 
 °  '  ^'^*     h  hot  mon.tjlertofervientes^pr^ter  ctnfuramecclefiafticami 
 adgravem  fecHm<£  redtmptionem,  contra  juris  aquitatem 
 U'  f.inn:orum  pAtrum  decrtta^cocgt.   On  this  complaint 
 kT:\oxst,        being  made  to  the  Pope,  he  writ  unto  him,^  Stent  no- 
 t^i^i  5  5-      bisjignificatum  ejlx  homines  ejufdem  mon^Jiertt,  pro  parti- 
 ctpAitone  excommunicAtorum^  prater  eccUJiaHicampcenAm 
 fuerunt  Ad  redempttonem  coiiuft\  and  thereupon  com- 
 mands him,  quatenus  omniAquahAc  ocQ  fione  Junt  ets  ab- 
 UtAjine  vexAttone  reJtttuifACiAS .nolumus  enim  ut  nova  tn 
 vejira  ec  cleft  a  indue  antur  6cc.   fo  that  certainly  it  did  but 
 ivef^eniiycd^.  then  begin  to bud:  &  after  1 1 6o, o//^xrf«^^^  the  s.'con- 
 "  demnstheuCe  of  the  Archdeacons  of  Coventry  ,  who 
 
 ^ro  corrigendis  exee^.bus  &  crimintbus puniendis y  k  cleri* 
 its  O*  Uicis pcenAm pecuniArtAm  exigunt ,  affirming  it  Tee- 
 med to  proceed  de  rAdice  cuptditAtis  &  avAritta  :  yet  the 
 m  ^pud  Ro-  f^nie  Pope  in  a  »»  CounceU  at  Rome  1179.  appoints  the 
 dcn/o/.  3J4  goods  of  hcrcticks  to  bc  confifcatcd ,  but  gives  not  at  all 
 B.i.c^  con-    anyauclority  tothefpirituall  judge  in  the  execution  of 
 
 KomTcAp'  3.  ^^5   ^"^  at  the  compiling  oftheDecretalls  by  G'r^^or)' the 
 
 p.^i.coi  1.    9.  »  that  particular  is  omitted. 
 
 n  ve  f^'^ereticii        j  j^   3^^-  ^^^  Jqj^^  ^^^^  InnocentiHS  3  ,  that  vereflupor 
 
 oHili.  minor.  mundt2iVidi  immutAtor  feculi,  as®  ^JMatthe'^  Pans  ftyles 
 ^nm  (217.  him,  about  rhe  year  1200  p  appointed  the  goods  of  Hc- 
 Jlp!^o*^^*  reticks  under  his  jurifdidionfliould  be  confifcated  ,  and 
 Kf^//?.  inno-  out  of  It  the  like  to  be  done  by  the  fecular  magiftrarc, 
 cent.^.ith.i.  uponpain  ofEcclefiaftick  ccnfures;  adding  from  cer- 
 ^Cod  The-  tain  ^  imperial!  conftitutions,  that  it  being  onely  an  afl: 
 oA.  de ficariis  ofmcfcy,  thit  tlic  chiidtcn  of  fuch  as  commit  trea  on 
 /uft.  T/  /e-  have  their  hves  fpared,  when  they  loofe  their goods,and 
 gemiuiiim  the  crimc  far  greater  to  offend  God  then  man,  that  the 
 Tviaje^Ui^  fc Verity fliould uot givc fcaudall to  the  faithful!,  in  fce. 
 fUii,  ing children expoled to  mifery  for  the  parents  offence, 
 
 there  being  many  cafes  wherein  according  to  the  divine 
 jufticcibnsmaylicpuniflitfortIicfatliersfauIt,wh,chhe 
 
 leaves 
 
CO- 
 
 Chap. VII I.  o/t/jc Ojinch oJl^Aiirhnd.       m 
 
 leaves  the  Canonifts  to  juftify  by  th'cxamplcs  ot  chanaa?i, 
 \hcc\\\\dvQn'm Sodom,  oi ^^chan^c.:x^l  do  the  reader 
 to  '' feekinthem.  Biitit  feems  tomeanhatd  i;la(s,froin  '•Alphonfus 
 prophcticklpeechesotthe  primitive  times,  or  extraor-  ^„^,/^rft;ffl 
 dinary  examples,  when  God  himielt  directed  v.  hat  he  rum  fumuone , 
 would  have  done,  for  us  now  to  conclude  a  pradife  law-    '  "  ^'  "^  \\' 
 full  contrary  to  exprcfle  precept,  Df//;.xxiv, 20.  y^r.xxxi,  jht.Cathoi. 
 SO.Ez,ec/j.  xviii,  20.  made  good  likewile  by  theordina-  7^"'^"^''^'; 
 ry  /ufe  of  thofe  times.   Belides ,  I  am  not  latisfied  with  fi„^Jlr.c6.rt, 
 the  reafon,  that  temporall  Lords  punifliing  treafon  with   5'  6.Vtdcst. 
 the  heirs  loffe  of  Ertate,  Herefy  being  an  offence  of  the  6"o«%/o«.8. 
 fame  or  a  worfe  nature  againft  the  Divine  Majefty,  chil-  [upruj.  ro.4, 
 drcn  ouchtlo  tofuffer ;  Fordoubtleffe  all  treafon  ai^ainl\  ^  ^  ^'">?' 
 a  Prince  prefuppofeth  malice  to  his  perfon  or  govern-  zChron.wy, 
 ment,(and  therefore  we  do  not  read  that  for  meerly  ca-  <5. 
 fuall  misfortunes,  fuch  as  77rr^//j  in  Englmd ,  or  UMon- 
 gomeriesxYs.  France,  men  have  been  io  puniflu>'  and  for 
 that  they  take  away  the  offenders  life  upon  the  firft:  fact, 
 which  th'  Ecclefiaftick  '  pardons :    now  qucftionleffe  tDcH^ret. 
 Herefy  is  out  of  an  erroneous  opinion  the  holder  hath  ^'^^'^' 
 ofpleafingGod. 
 
 iS.   This  oi  l?i?joce7ifius  ^^*^  I  rake  to  be  the  fir  ft  pa- 
 pall  conftitution  in  the  kind  j  yetfome  16.  yeares  before 
 it,  divers  of  feverall  qualities  being  difcovered  in  that 
 partofihcTs^therlands  was  then  within  the  province  of 
 /?^/w.f,theArchb;fIiopandEarlof/'/^W^rj  joyned  in  an 
 cdi^ll,  ^  tit  deprehenJiince?idiotradL're/itPir,fub/hnti£  vero  urhronhoH 
 eorum  facerdoti  &  principi  re^igruirentur.    After  this  in  >^^"/f'>^^'''» 
 *  theCounccllofL.i/fr^«  1  2  1 5.  under  the  fame  Pore  "^^ot.cditum 
 it  was  again  ci\.2ibi\{htyl^o/7adjwnar:rfiw  [^dc  hxreji']  (i  Ui-  adcjUfynSi- 
 ciJuerint,confifc€?ztur'^  fi  vero  Clertct,  Apflucntur  cede-  ^\."bLicfn- 
 fiis  a  quiht<<s Uipe7idLtf  creeper unt  &c .  (i,e>'  Alionm, 
 
 Kineyeares after  which  Fredertcus  z^''^  pubhfln  thole  P-  -'^'  ""'"^"^ 
 lawes  at  PW£?//.t, of  which  before,  in  whichhedidefpeci-  ^conni.  Lat. 
 ally  eftablifli  the  confifcation  of  their  goods,  and  is  the  c^p.^^.c^de 
 firft  imperial!  conftitution  of  that  kindj  which  remain  ^^f'^'^-^-"^- 
 
 no 
 
152       AnTTiJloricdll Fiudication  Chap.VUl. 
 
 y  Eduntur  k     ^.^  whcuc  HOW  cHtirc  fdvc  ill  fomc  J  paoall  bulls,  as  of 
 
 Franciico  j      /  i 
 
 Pcgna,  ad  H-  I^^nocentitis  4.  K^UxdKder  the  4.  and  Clement  the  4.  as  is 
 nemDireaorii.  notzd tn Glof.de H£ret.  Cap.  18.  />^  yZ'A'/(?  ^^  verb,  leges 
 qiiafJam  :  yet fomepartof  themarc  now  inferted  into 
 ^DcEpifco-  :?  the  QoAq\o{  Itijl  mi  an  ^  under  the  titles  of  o/;////7<f;^;;V^ 
 pahaudica-     OX ?/ova co?7flitutto Fredertci z.dQ.^:it\x^  confuctud.  &c. 
 
 ua,  cx^.  bit-  J 
 
 tuimnsyC^dc  as  I  havc  touchcd  before. 
 
 lijcrctMaiii-       ^^    ^^ij-  ^hcfc  hwcs ,  though  they  confifcatcd  the 
 
 ^Caizm  'c^c.  goods  of  Hereticks,  did  not  appoint  how  they  fhould 
 a^/)«j  Para-  bccmploycdj  infomuch  as  the  fame  Emperour,  being 
 nl^jntifi?^''  ^hatvcryyear  1  2  24. at  PaUrmo'm  Sicilj,  ^  cxpreflcd  his  in- 
 lih.z.  tit.z.  tent  to  all  hisOfficcrs  through  theEmpire, but  more  clpe- 
 cap.  II. n.  8.  cially  in  th.uKingdome, that  whereas  formerly  hisExche- 
 bB^ui  innoc.  quer  did  recelvc  the  benefit  ofthofeconfifcations,  they 
 4Mt.idihi4s  (liould  be  divided  into  three  parts,^'/<^.  one  third  Ftfco^z- 
 'i^l^cui^ifiidunj  ^"^othcr  Jpofiolic^  fedt,&i  the  other  \\\\KdieifdcmInqutfitori' 
 Ad  extirpan-  ^^/.Aftcr  which  ^  Innocentius  ^^  1  2  52. did  appoint  a  did 
 dac^f.«»^  tnbution  in  fomefortimitatinghlm,asdid  likewife<^y^- 
 Prancifco  /^a:^;^^^^ the 4^^  , including as  liable  tothefame  punifh- 
 rcgna^a/f-  ment  fuch  as  were  receivers  of  Hereticks:  to  ^  which 
 riTrrfle-  <^^^^^<"^^^  the  4.  I  265.  added  ,thatthe  houfes  in  which 
 druur.  Hereticks  were  found ,  to  be  dcftroyed  without  hope  of 
 
 c  ihid.p.  37-  reedifying  ,  the  materialls  fold,  and  a  threefold  divifion 
 iau  ^nagnU  ^^^d^/  C^^-  Thcfc  deprivations  confined  hitherto  to  //4- 
 z.Kdend.  /y  ondy,  Boniface  the  $.  1295,  or  rather  '  1297  ,  publi- 
 ?tlT.!V^'  fhine the fixth  book oftheDecrctalls,  made ^enerall, dc- 
 
 6  Ibid  p.  6s,  p  »  .      ^  ' 
 
 §.  Tenedtur.  crceuig,  rf?ona  hi.zrcticcrum  ipjojure decernimus  co^/fi/cata: 
 bulla  clem.  A'  whereupon,  and  fomc  Other  by  him  then  iniertcd  into 
 
 dot.  Vernfit  ?-i^-,,  T>n  11  j         1  r  ^'i 
 
 Kion.^o^cnih'  the  Canon  law,  Biihops  laboured  to  draw  from  tn  Inquu 
 1.  Pontifcar.  fitors  part  of  the  profits  thus  diftnbuted;  but  i  Benedt6i 
 ^i/?  Renr/di  ^^^  1 1. 13  0^  did  abfokuely  prohibit  that ,  tanquam  juri 
 to.w.Anm  abfonum,k^icx:  which,  becaufe  (asitlcems  )  the  Clergy 
 i297.n.  41.  were  not  free  from  profecuting  men  onely  for  their  e- 
 tnfex'^oJp.  ft'Ues,  clement  the  5'^  in  the  Councell  o{  Vienna  1  3  1 1. 
 i9.Wffdp.  ftriftly  ^  injoyned,  nepratextu  ojjicti  Inqmfitionu ,  qm- 
 '7^'^-  ht4fvis 
 
 nitn.ca^.i,     hlnCUm,  dc  H^crcdcif  cap.  i. 
 
Chap.  VIFI.  of  the  Church  ^/England*      1 5  5 
 
 bufvis  modis  tlLcith  ab  aliquibus  pcct4?iiam  extorqtiCdnt; 
 and  like  wife  ,  ne  fciehter  attentent  ecclefiarum  bon.iy  oh 
 cUricorum  dcltcJumypradt^fi  cccajione  officii  fifcoet i Am  ec- 
 clefi^Apflicnre\  changing  what  the  Counccli  oiL.itcrun 
 had  before  cftabliflit. 
 
 20.  Yet  notwithftanding  this  grave  admonition  of 
 the  Pope,  their  Agents  did  not  carry  themfeh^es  without 
 fcandali  HI  this  kind,    by  realbn  of  an  '  oiitrn2;e  anline  »G!ovanni 
 from  a  f'/-^/;^//^^;/  Inquihtor  i  3  46.  in  Florence-,  a  Scruti- 
 
 •'-  *■  .  12.  cap.  ^7. 
 
 ny  was  had  othis  adions,  and  found  he  had  raifed  from 
 the  Citizens  7000  florens  of  gold  in  two  ycarcs ,  as  com- 
 pofitions,  or  fines,  upon  the  imputation  of  Herefy ,  yet 
 never  leflc  in  the  town ;    but  any  erroneous  or  lefle  cau- 
 telous  word  was  cenfurcd  as  criminall.  This  drew  the 
 Florentine  to  conform  themfelvcs  to  the  ufages  of  Peru- 
 gia,  Spam,  and  other  parts,  in  making  a  law  ,  no  Inquifi- 
 tor  fliould  condemn  any  Citizen  or  borderer  pecuniari- 
 ly, but  if  an  hcretick  ,    fend  him  to  the  fire.  By  which 
 wc  may  gather,  thefebulls  were  not  generally  received 
 in  the  world;  forthenin  J'/^^/^  th'Ecclcfiaftick  did  not 
 fine  men,    and  now  the  King  there  hath  the  benefit  of 
 thofeconfifcations.    In  ^  Fr Anceihcy  do  not  to  this  day   y^Anefl  deix 
 impofcon  the  Laicks  arncndvs  pecuniar cs  ,  but  onely  on  5^'"'^^<'^'*';- 
 the  Clergy,  which  mul\  be  expended  en  aumofincs  and  riizy.  inn. 
 ouvres piroLiblcs, not  to  the  enriching  thcmfclves,  &c.   !"|.^  f-^^yetur 
 Neither  doth  the  wife  Venetian  permit  confifcating  of  Lf«v7j  d(s 
 eftates  to  arifc  from  any  fentence  of  theirs ,  but  that  is  to  hhertesdet'ef- 
 devolve  to  the  next  heir.    I  do  not  here  mention  the  ^^'J^  ^^'^^^'^^^ 
 conrtitutionsof  Boniface  Archbilh.of  Ct;;/.  1  260.  nor  of  p.  1082.  « 
 Stratford  1 5  43.  in  this  kind;  bccaiife  ofthefirft  little  rec- 
 koning was  made,  and  the  lecond  did  onely  refer  to 
 commutation  of  penance,  which  the  law  allowes ;   he 
 that  would  may  find  them  in  Lynd^t^ood  lib.  3  .de  ir/jmujii' 
 tate eiclefiiUCdi^,  Accidie,  and  lib.  s -de peons  cap.  Eventt. 
 21.   Ifany  aska  caufe  ,  why  the  ancient  Fathers  did 
 proceed  with  fo  great  lenity  againft  blafphemous  here- 
 
 X  .  ticks. 
 
1 54      An  Hijloricall  Vindication  Chap.  V 1 II. 
 
 /Auguft.E'    ticks, as thc^m4r/^,2VV/?^r/ii^//,&c.\vhy,\vhen the' Em^ 
 P?'  <5S.  pcrour  would  havepunirtit  the  furious  Donatifts  with  a 
 
 pccuniai-y  muldt,  the  holy  men  of  thole  times  fo  earneft- 
 ly  interceded  as  to  procure  the  rcmiflion.and  did  requite 
 wAiiouft.  their  fury  With  fuch  love  6c  meelcneCre,»'astobeableto 
 contr '  liier^i  fay,  HO  One  of  them  had  payed  what  th'  imperiall  cdifts 
 ^^^'/'r'^l'  might  challenge;  when  of  late  yeares  men  have  been 
 gj.'    *  brought  to  the  tire,  children  expoled  to  miicry  by  the 
 
 lofs  of  their  parents  eftates,  even  by  Bifhops  and  other 
 ofrhe  Clergy,  vvhofe  opinions  were  neither  fo  blalphe- 
 mous  as  the  ^rr/^^^^,  nor  their  comportments  fo  inhu- 
 nxiKic^xit^^'  mane  as  xhcDo^iattJls  :  why  they  preached, men  »  relap- 
 ^.'so7ratcsX    fed,  even  to  a  thoufand  times,  might  yet  live  reconciled 
 chrjfoftQyno     jq  ^ ^^  Church;  whcu  as  now  fuch  as  have  renounced  an 
 ut.  19?^  *  *    opinion  Rome czWs  hcrcfy,  being  after  found  to  hold  it, 
 0  VfHretUii  is  o  feculartjudiciojinc  ulUfenttus  audtentia  rcLt.qucndus^ 
 ^todemTJ^^A     wh.chyetisnot  obfervedifhebeaPrince,  zswzs  Henry 
 in  ycxto.'  Si-     the  4.  or  perhaps  a  private  man  out  of  their  power: 
 manca /«/?</.        ^2.  To  thelc  demands  I  can  give  no  other  anfwer, 
 »!*j®.     ^  '  hut,th.u  their  offences  being  againft  the  holy  Trinity, the 
 pious Bifliopsofthole  times, as  men  who  watched  for 
 ibules,  did  content  thcmfclves  to  denounce  what  was 
 lierefy,  but  having  done  that,  finding  it  not  received,  to 
 leave  the  punifhment  to  him  who  aflTurcs  it  (liail  go 
 ...    worfe  with  Sodom  and  Gomorrah  then  thoferefufed  their 
 2i.     *       '  ii"fftru6lions,  and  under  him  to  the  Secular  magiftratejdid 
 ^/EncasSyi-  Hkcwife foUow his precept,in foigiving  even  ro  pfcven- 
 ^Xw/Wrtp.  ty  times  fcven times :   when  on  the  other  fide,  the  opini- 
 3s.  ons  of  thefe  later  hereticks  (as  they  call  them)  be  rather 
 
 rCogmtio  a2;ainftmen  and  their  Inftitures,  then  God,  as  that  ^  Ro- 
 ipHus  puni  •  munumprdJuUr^i  rtltquis  epijcopfsparem  fje.  Fur  gat  or  mm 
 tio  pern  ret  tiinem  non  mveniru  Celtbritates Ja?dfort4m  rejicicndas ,  le- 
 Lyndwooj  J  ''^'^^  abtuuJidtnjtttutisnihiLDiejjcmtriti  (XC.  and  a  per- 
 </f  H  reuci^  I wafiou  gaiucd,  iiouc  but  thc  Ecclcfiaftick  can  »  pumfli 
 '  mn  IfX  Herefy,  who  judge  the  oppofcr  by  the  law  of  man,  how- 
 Ordinani.  bcit  thcy  ftylc  it  Chriftian;  yet  how  it  agrees  with  divi- 
 nity 
 
Chap.  VilL  of  the  Church  ^/England        j  j; 
 
 nitylrcmittothc  Canonilts  dccifion.  In  the  mean  time 
 1  cannot  bnt  oblbrvc,  ^  SimtL?UA  finds  notliing  out  of  i^cathoUn^it. 
 holy  writ,  biitoncly  in  divine  P/afohb.  lo.  dclegibus  ,  to  ^^'  ^^* 
 maintain  the  pofition  ihdit  feme  1 1  ant  twi  hxreticis  pccrit- 
 ttntihusfiircitHr  «3cc. 
 
 23*   This  being  then  the  proceeding  againft  Herc- 
 ticksingencrall,  it  will  be  neceffaiy  to  fee  how  it  was 
 formerly  in  EngUnd^^w^  how  the  Queen  found  it.  f  irft, 
 it  willnotbeuntitto  premifc  '  that fiom  the  Converfi-    .»   l 
 onofthe  Saxojis  to  the  year  1 166.  no  hcrcfy  was  ever  fis  hhr-  f*/. 
 known  to  have  been  in  England  j  infomuch  as  we  may  u- 
 fafely  conclude,  whatever  dodlrinewc  meet  with  in  the 
 publick  homilies  of  the  Church,  or  other  writers  of  el- 
 der times,  muftbe  efteemed  catholick,  however  it  now 
 ftandcenfured:   but  in  that  year  about  xxx  Dutch  came 
 hither,  that  detefted  baptifme,  theEucharift  &c.who 
 being  convid  by  Scripture  in  an  epifcopall  councell  cal- 
 led by  the  King  at  OA-/ir  J,  were  remitted  to  his  difpofi- 
 tion,that  caufcd  them  to  be  whipt ,  and  burnt  in  the  face, 
 and  a  command  given  none  fhould  either  receive  or  rc- 
 hevc  thcm,fo  that  they  mifcrably  perifht :  which  fe verity 
 his  Ma '^  did  not  think  fit  afterward  to  extend  to  thofe 
 were  then  called  Ptihlicaniy  as  I  have  before  "  flicw'd,  u  n,j. 
 though  there  were  many  in  his  dominions, 
 
 24.  Forthe  punifhment  of  Hereticks ,  It  cannot  be 
 doubted  by  the  common  Law  (that  is  the  cuftome  o^he 
 Realm)  of  £"«^/4W  to  have  been  here  ,  as  in  ether  parts 
 of  the  world,  by  confumingthem  by  fire.  ^BaUus^iowi  ^  j^^r,./«f. 
 theteftimony  of  a  chronicle  oi London  ,  reports  one  of  Bnr.  cm.  3. 
 the  K^lhifi^nfes  to  have  been  fo  made  away  there  i  2 1  o.  ^^^'  ^V-  '^ 
 to  which  the  ::  learned  C^;^5J^^;;(e cms  to  allude  ,  when  -,-.  ji^^Arax, 
 he  fayes  more  dyed  in  Queen  '^Maries  time  ,  then  this  f''^-*^- 
 nation  had  fecn  ex  q^o  regnant e  lohanne  Chrijliani  in 
 Chnjiianos  apudnosflammis  ftvtre  cceperunt.  The  fame 
 Paramo  fiirh  is  made  good  by  an  epiftle  of  Tho.  Walden- 
 ^/tocJ)/./r///;the5.but  Ihavenotlcenitj  lam  fure  in 
 
 X  2  that 
 
15  6      (tAnHiJloricall  Frndlcation  Chap.  VIII. 
 
 x\\:{iyyAlde?7fis  lufeitis  not  found.  Butofihc truth  of 
 yUh.  ;.de  thc  thing  there  is  no  qucftiouj  for:v  BracJon  writes  of 
 coronyap.  9  ^^  Apoftatc  Dcacou,  thatiu  a  Councell  held  at  Oxford 
 a.Britton  fdp.  \  izz.  by  Step h'r^ Langtonw ^iS  i\v(\idcgrzdcd ,  and  then 
 9.  bythcLay  committed  to  thc  fire:  with  whom  for  the 
 
 zLib.i.  (i^.    thing  agrees  *  I-leu-^   yet,  by  the  way  ,  where  you  read 
 19. in fine^        j^-j  j-^JQ-^  p^y  7nAnHm  con.b^rentur  cleri^alcm ,   it  is  to  be 
 
 ^  Laicalemyfor  Co  is  By  aclon  out  of  whom  he  tranfcribed 
 
 it,  agreeing  with  thecontinuallpradife  both  of  this  and 
 other  nations  5  for  the  Clergy  meddles  not  with  execu- 
 tion. 
 
 25.  ln.Edi»ard  the  s^JsJayes,  about  the  year  1347. 
 a  H.fl  Angl.  a  p^/yid^r^f  r/^-^/Ztcftifyes  two  FranLtfca?2S  to  have  been 
 lih.i^.p.l^'",  hun\ty  quoddereligtonc malcjer/tirent.^t\i\icx:  did  VVtlli" 
 ^  '               4;«i'4«/r)',  arelap(edprieft,dyebyanyftatute-law  2./i.4. 
 
 but  convicted  in  a  provinciall  councell   of  th'  Arch- 
 
 hx^O'^oi  Cunt. \\iz\^i\tdeh(zr eticocomhtir endo ^  bearing 
 
 date  the  26.  February y  was  by  th'  advice  of  the  Lords 
 
 Temporall  fent  to  i\\Q Major  oi London  to  caufe  him  be 
 
 bKfl/.  Ttfr/.     executed,  ^  Attendcntes^  fayesit,  hujufmodi  hareticos^  fie 
 
 convt6ios  & damnatos  yjt*xta  legem  div'tnam ^  humanaw^ 
 
 cano7zicam(littita^  <b*  in  hxc  parte  confiietudinaria,  ignis 
 
 €T(fodigmi      imendio  comburi  dibcre  &c.    But  where  ^  VValfinghcim 
 
 l<ieuflri^an-    fp^^ks  as  if  he  dyed  during  the  fitting  of  the  Parliament, 
 
 is8>^9         byvertueof^  the  law  then  made  againft  hereticks,  the 
 
 A  2.  Hen.  4    hiftpriau  is  without  peradventurc  miftaken  ,•    for  that 
 
 Parliament,  begun  about  the  20. /4;^/y^rK,  ended  the  I  o. 
 
 yl/jr<r/^  following,  did  exprefly  provide,  on  the  petition 
 
 cKot.Parl.     of  the  Commons,  «  qe  touz,  les  eJlAtutz.  &  ordcnances 
 
 z.  Hen.  4.  n.     fattz>  ou  affaire  en  cefi  Parliament  qe  font  penalz, ,  ne  tieg- 
 
 nenthetine force devant le  f(le  de  VC'itecofle prochin  nje- 
 
 nant ,  les  que  les  en  le  mefme  temps  puiffmt  ejlre  proclamez: 
 
 to  which  theaniwcr  is,/^i?^;//^  voet.So  that  certainly  he 
 
 could  not  dye  by  that  law,  which  was  not  to  take  effed 
 
 till  fo  long  after. 
 
 26.  But  I  confcITe  I  did  a  little  doubt  of  two  particu- 
 
 lars: 
 
 2.  Hen.  4.  «• 
 29 
 
Chap.  VIII.  ofihe  Qmrchof^n^:xnd.      157 
 
 lars:  The  one  ,  whether  by  the  comn-ioii  Law  a  Lay 
 mail  eould  be  rem  to  the  tire  for  any  convict. on  by  the 
 Eeclefiallick;  for  all  tl^c  undoubted  precedents  1  have 
 met  with  (  unlelle  th  it  of  the  K^lbigcnfcs  were  other- 
 Wire)wereof(bme  Clerks,  Within  the  pale  oft heChurch, 
 that  were  fo  puniflic  5  and  Braclo^i^  and  I-Lt.i  both  ogrce, 
 CUrici(^pofiati€  corhburantH^  whofe  words  being  pe- 
 nail, I  concci^cA/hiclij'tns  not  to  be  conftrued  by  equi- 
 ty. But  uideed  Fleta  cllewhere  i'peaks  more  generally, 
 Chrifiixm  K^p  yfiata  ^  dctreclari  dthent  &  combitri ;  and  *  ^  ^<^di n  dc 
 ^  Brttton  oiAiifcreants  fo  to  be  ferved,  without  diftinfti-  "'^f^'^'.^o^w 
 
 J  'as  the  pfttitt 
 
 on  of  the  quality;  with  whom  5'  Edi^Ard  Cook  concurs,  detraftar-. 
 Another  thingi  queftioned  ,  whether  any  Bifhop  with-  )  ^-^^  9  /c/. 
 in  his  Diocefe  alone  could  convidl  one  of  hcrefy  before 
 2.  Hen,  4.  cap.  1 5 .  ( of  which  hereafter : )  for  whatever 
 the  power  ofthe  Ordinary  was  ,  there  is  very  little  ex- 
 ample  of  his  putting  it  in  exercife  before  the  times  of 
 VVicklijf. 
 
 27.   Who  began  toi)e  taken  noticeof  about  the  eiid 
 of  £^'ft'4r^the  3.  or  ratherthe beginning  of /^/r/?.  the  2. 
 in  whofe dodrine  ,  at  Icaft  that  they  fuhered  on  him, 
 though  there  were  good  Corn,  yet  was  it  not  without 
 Tares.   But  when  it  grew  common,  and  to  be  hcarkncd 
 unto,  the  Prelats  laboured  to  procure  s  a  law,  his  Ma^^s  g  5  •  ^j^-  .2- 
 Commiffi  )nsfhould  be  directed  to  the  Sheriffs  and  o-  "^'  ^''^ '  '  ^' 
 ther  his  Minifters,  to  arrejl allfrexchcrs^  their  fautors  dec, 
 to  hold  t  hem  i/'iprifon,  till  they  ii?jlljuflifi  themf elves  accor- 
 dmg  to  redfcn.and  the  la'^^s  ofthe  holy  Chanh,  How  this  h  5 .  X/c  -. 
 paltifhould  beglad  to  learn;  for  notoncly  ^  the  printed  f-9-  i- 
 ftatures,  but '  the  B.0II  of   arl^^  exprcflv  mentions  the  I^."'  ^'''^\ 
 Gomnions  agreeing  to  thofeAils, yet  the. '.next  meeting  h4n  port  La- 
 they  do  difclaim  to  have  given  any  aflcat  unto,  it .,.  .^lua  '"*  ^  K.c.  2. 
 ne fi4rli u}to^r s  affentu  ne  gra?^{e  f.ir  Ics  cocs  ^mts  ce  qe  fuH  ,-  -Rot.  Pari. 
 pArld  de  ce  fufi  f.tn^  affent,  de  lour  qc  celuy  e/tattft  foit  ojini-  o^i>oei  si. 
 i'w//.'towh!chtheKmgsanrwcris,^/'/(y?4«  /ioy:  How  it  ^// 1  "J'Yj 
 fcllp.utthislattcr  Wis  not  counted  an  Ad,  ^  S''  £dTk>drd  kCookinft. 
 
 X   3  Cook  JP-^'- 
 
158       AnHiJlorkall Vindication  Chap.VIIL 
 
 Cook  hath  fliew'd ,  which  tells  us  why  it  paft  again  with- 
 1  I  e^  1.  p.     out  oppofition  in  ^  Qii^ecn  Maries  daycs.  1  '\Vifli  that 
 c^T^.cdp.o.    learned  Gentleman  had  giveahlsopinion  how  the  re- 
 cord came  to  be  lb  faulty,  as  to  affirm  c  a  concurrence  of 
 the  lower  Houfc  to  that  they  never  affentcd. 
 
 28.  In  King /i^?^.  the  4^^$  time  his  fucceffour ,  that 
 xniHert.  4.  »"  law  paft,  which  greatly  increafed  the  powder  of  the 
 ap.  15.  Ordinary,  alloHoing  him  to  imprtfon  yfinc  ^  determi?ie  all 
 
 cxufes  ofherefy^  dc  cor  ding  to  the  cammcall  Decrees ,  l»nh- 
 in  three  rnoneths :  on  which  words  Ganonicall  Sandi- 
 n  -L^  yien.%.    ous  the  Bifliops  fo  behaved  themfelves  ,  "  That  the  mojl 
 ca^.  II.  learried  man  of  the  rtalm^  diligent  l'^  lying  in  H^ait  upon  him- 
 
 felfy  could  not  cfchue  and  a,voidthefime  act  and  Canonicall 
 S anciions yifhe fhouldhe  examined u^ on Jach  captious  inter* 
 rogatories  a6  is  and  hath  been  accujiomed  to  he  mini  fired  by 
 the  Ordinaries  of  this  realm,  in  cafes  Iphere  they  'Yi^ill  fu- 
 fpeciofherefy  &c.  Upon  which,  if  any  did  refufe  obedi- 
 oCookr»^^j^  ence  x.o\\v^Diocefan  in  ought,  «  ^^^^  paying  a  legacy  &c. 
 5.c^.5.F.42.  there  would  be  means  found  to  bring  him  within  the  fu- 
 fpicionofherefy.  And  certainly  the  proceeding  of  fomc 
 Diocefans  upon  this  ftatute  gave  quickly  fcandall :  for 
 onely  nine yeares  after,  we  find  the  Commons  petition, 
 •/  Ko.'.  ?<<> r  .  .  ^^ pleafe a  nrc  foveraigne  Seig'  le  Roy  grantier^qefl  afcun 
 foil  ouferra  arrejle  par  force  de  /'  ejiatutefait  /'  an  de  vofire 
 regnefecondCi  al  requefle  dcs  Prelats  &  Clergie  de  vofire 
 Roy  aimed'  Englcterre,  qilpurra  ejlre  lefjeamainprife^  & 
 fair  eft  pir gat  ton  f r  anche  me  ntfa?iz.deflo  urbane  e  d'  afcun 
 en  mefme  le  Conte  on  il  eU  arrejlu^  O'  qe  tides  arrefiesfoient 
 defore  en  avantfaitz  en  due  forme  dcley ,  par  Ics  Vifcount, 
 Mairs.Baillifs  ou  Conefidbles  noflrc  Stigif  leRoy.fanz,  vio* 
 lent  affray^  our  force  &  armeSyCn  depredation  delcur  hiens^ 
 ou  autre  extortion  ou  injury e  que.concque  en  celle  affaire, 
 J^uttothh,  le  Roy  fcz-'oet  entavifcr  is  all  the  anfwer   gi- 
 .•AValfing.    ven. But  whereas  .'.  VFalJingham  fpeaks  of  thisParl'^- 
 Ann9 1 410.    ^5  infeded  with  Z£?//^r^,certainly  to  me  there  is  no  fuch 
 ^/^"' .        thing  appcares  in  the  Roll, but  rather  the  contrary.  But  I 
 
 confcflc 
 
 1 1 .  Hen,  4. 
 
Chap. VIII.  o/ihe Church  o/Enghnd^       159 
 
 confcflc  I  did  think  before  that  law  of//.  4.  no  Bifhop  in 
 hisDiOv:clc,  vvithoLit.i  Provincial!  Counccll,  could  have 
 convidcd  any  man  of h/f^/icfy  ,  fo  as  to  have  cauicd  hiwi 
 been  burnt;    for  mans hfc  being  a  point  of  lo  high  con- 
 cernment in  the  law,  and  herely  l^iying  To  great  an  impu- 
 tation on  the  party,  it  fecmcd  not  to  mc  probable  ,  eve- 
 ry angry  Bifhop  in  his  Court  fliould  alone  have  power 
 of  determining  what  was  by  the  canonicall  Sanations  ib 
 cftecmed,  and  whofe  woudsor  writings  could  admit  no 
 other  fenle  then  hereticall;  and  with  this  it  feemed  to 
 nie  the  pradicc  did  concur ,  for  the  Deacon  burnt  at 
 Oxford  iuffctcd  after  conviction  in  a  Provincial!  Synod ; 
 and  the  conviclion  o^VFilUam  Sautry  fhe  w  es  plainly  to 
 have  been  after  the  fame  manner,  Pthe  Writ  running,  pK^o^p^r/. 
 Cum  ve?ternbilts pater  T\\om2^  5cc.  de  coyjfinfu  &  ^tjfe?:--  f*^'^^*  ^*  ^'' 
 fuy  ac  confiUo  coipiJcoporu?nt  ac  coyifrcitrumfuffragAneorum 
 fnorum,  nee  ?iontoum  cleri  Provi/iciAfujc  ,  m  co?iCilto  fuo 
 provi/iciiU  congrtgato^juris  ordine  tr^  hac  pirte  requijito 
 tn  ommhus  obfrijato  &c.  intimating  ( as  it  leemed  to  me) 
 iforherwife,  the  Order  of  law  had  not  been  obierved. 
 And  I  did  ever  conceive  this  Law  had  increafed  the 
 Power  of  the  Ordinary,  as  well  in  permitting  him  Hngty 
 to  purfue  x\izcar2>o72ua[lSan^lons  in  convicting  an  heie- 
 tick  ,   as  in  fining  and  imprifonip.g  of  him;  efpecially 
 the  ftatute  ^  of  O  Af^r^ ,  that  gave  it  life  after  the  repeal  q  i  e^^.  ^-^ 
 o{Htn,  the  8,  affirming  ,  before  fnehrtvt'v  all  the  Or  dma-  ^''  ^'^^'^' 
 ry  d:d'^ii?it  ,iucl$rity  to  proceed  agiifijl  thofe  that  l\)ere  m- 
 fecied^ith  Hcrefy.  But  1  have  fince  found  ,  better  opi-  y  Cook  j«y?, 
 nion  it  was  otherwife.  ^  "^  ^ •^ 
 
 29.  After  this  2.  Hei^.  sJ^l  Parliament  at  Leicester  isiAt.i.-iitn^ 
 cnaci:ed,7'^d'Chancellour,Trearurer, Juftices ojthepeace^  5- t^i ■  7. 
 Sheriffs,  ^a.fnouldtake  an  O^th  for  destroying  allmanntr 
 of  Here fies  yComrfionly  called  l^o\\i^dnQ<,^  to  be  afsijitrit  to 
 the  Ordinary  therein^  Perfons  conviCl  of  Here fy  to  loofe 
 iheirfeefimplc  lajid'^  luflicci  of  the  Kings  Bench,  of  the 
 ^<^7i^Ca?idof  h^iZZjtosa^Hire  ofallhQldi?>gmy  errours  or 
 
 hsrejus 
 
i6o       (L^nHiJloric  all  Vindication  Chap.VIlI, 
 
 herefits  as  Lollards,  thdr  maip^tainers  ^  receivers,  [aw 
 tors  y^c.  a?idfor  that  end  a  ih^ufe  tobe'putinto  the  Com- 
 miirions^/^Iuftice^/z^^f  Peace -.jr/y^r^/w^^/?  as  the  cog- 
 j:iz,ince  ofhtrefie,  err  ours ,  and  LoUardries  belonged  to 
 Itidgcs  of  holy  Churchy  and  not  to  the fecnlar  ahe  inditement 
 takenhy  them  not  to  he  evidence  y  hut  for  information  he-- 
 forethe  fpirituall  fudge  jinto'M^hofe  hands  the  pcrfon  fufpe- 
 ^ed  to  bedeliveredlvithin  ten  dayes  after  his  enditement  \ 
 every  man  empanelled  in  the  Enquejifor  the  try  all  of  them 
 tohaveinY.n2).2.W(i  <^  pounds  ^  in  W^zlcs  forty  Jhillings  in 
 land  by  they  ear  &iQ,  Which  three  lawes  were  each  re- 
 pealed by //^;;.  the  S^^^or  £"^.  the6.andagainreftored  by 
 Q^//.«ry, under  whom,  by  vertue-of  them,  had  inleffe 
 then  three  yeares'becnfpoyled  for  religion  more  Chrifti- 
 anbloudofher  fiibjeds,  then  in  any  Princes  reign  fince 
 Lucius, 
 
 30.  Things  (landing  thus  when  Queen  Eli:^abeth 
 came  to  the  Crown,  the  Ecclefiaftick  auftority  exerci- 
 fed  at  home  and  abroad  with  rigour  and  aufterity,  rather 
 thenChriftian  mildncfTejftill  to  permit  that,was  the  con- 
 tinuing a  fire  to  confume  her  people,  and  yet  for  every 
 one  to  think  and  do  without  controule  what  him  liftt 
 was  to  let  loofc  all  reins  ofgovernmenr,  to  leave  open  a 
 door  for  fedition  to  difquiet  her  Kingdome,  and  the 
 Commonwealth  perhaps  not  to  be  ever  in  peace:  her 
 Ma^y  therefore  took  a  middle  way  to  agree  with  the  pri- 
 mitive times,  and  yet  not  let  every  profane  humor  di(^ 
 tsut.i.EU:^.  ^^j.|^  ^^^  Church,  by  ^  eredinga  Court  with  power  to 
 
 vift^reformy  redreffe. order y  correal  and  amend  all fuch 
 errourSy  herefies^fchifmes  &c.  l»hichby  anyfpirituallor  ec- 
 cle(larHc  all  ponder,  authority,  or  jurifdiBion  can  or  may  la'^- 
 fully  be  reformed,  ordered^  redre[pd ,  corrected ,  rejl rained 
 or  ame?zded'^  yet  rcftraining  them  from  adjudging  any 
 thing  to  be  herefy,  that  had  notbecn  heretofore  adjudg- 
 ed fuch  by  theplamlvords  of  the  canontcall  Scriptures  ,  or 
 by  anyone  of  the  first  four  gencr  all  Councells,  or  by  any  other 
 
 gc?Hrall 
 
Chap.  VI II.  oftl  e  Ootirch  ^England.     i6i 
 
 gcncrnllCounccil,  '^htri  i?i  t!)e  fame  IVM  declared  hercfy  by 
 the  cxprcfjea/idpLitn  frords  oj  the  canonic  all Jcrtpiure  ,  or 
 thatjhotild  hereafter  hj  the  Parliament  Ivtth  the  ajfent  of 
 the  Convocat.on  tkc. 
 
 From  whence  cirifctli  a  qucftion  of  fomc  intricacic, 
 how  it:  came  to  palTcthofc  times  fpakc  with  lb  great  rub- 
 million  to  the  fotir  firft  general!  Councells.and  yet  fo  re- 
 (Irained  the  other,  without  expreillng  which  they  were, 
 nor  any  other  particular  concerning  them.  For  the  ibiuti  • 
 onofwhich,wcaretoknow,thorehavcbeen  ever  looked 
 on  by  the  Cathohck  Church  with  more  reverence  then 
 any  other  that  ever  yet  w^ere  held.    The  ^  Emperour  uKov?/. 
 lufltnian  541 .  declared  which  they  were  ,  and  that  he  \'^:^^''f' 
 did  receive  eart<mdogmataJ;cutjan(^asfcnpturaSy  (y  re-  de  fummx  tri- 
 gul(tsftctit  leges  obfervamus\  who  made  not  the  hkc  men-  ^ii^^^c^pj^ 
 tioii  of  the  fifth,  though  *  called  by  him,  and  held  in  his   ^-^^  ^^" ''^' 
 time.  Neither  did  Gregory  the  great,  who  did  reverence  x  concil.gcn. 
 t\\zm,y  fie Ht  fan ^t  Evangeltt  quatnor  lihros  ,  make  the  p    ''','^'  ^^q\\, 
 fame eileemofthe  fifth 5  for  having  made  honourable  e. 
 mention  ofitina  letter  to  aQueenof  Zi^w^^r^,  fentby  '^^'^^T;}^^' 
 a  Bifhop  oiLMilan  ,  the  Bifliop  gave  it  her  not ,  on  an     *      '  '^ 
 opinion llie  might  be  fcandalized  at  his  naming  of  it: 
 upon  which  ?S'-  C^r^^^ryfenthimword  hedid  wcll,and  ^Grcgor./»i'. 
 inthat  altered  his  epiftle.   And  the  year  following,  v't7.   i-^pj^-  v- 
 596,.-.  the  People  oi Ravenna  oppofing  one  LMaximia-  i,^.y  ^J^',//.'!". 
 w/^j  in  being  their  Bifhop,  as  not  of  found  belief,  in  that  rfBeda/fi'.4. 
 he  did  not  carry  fo  i^reat  veneration  to  the  Councell  of  "f^/^T 
 Chalcedo^, he  doth  aflurethemof  the  contrary,  that  he  ctp.  i.apud 
 did  receive  thofe  four  Councells, but  makes  no  mention  Spclm.p.29j^. 
 of  the  fifth.  Idonotdeny  but  *«  the  faith  of  the  fifth  and  j^ifJIcT  ad 
 iixth  were  by  this  Church  approved  ,  yet  never  any  of  Wuifinuma- 
 them  had  that  great  reverence  yielded  their  dicl:ats  the  ^^^^^JJ^'cal' 
 firft  four  had  ,  which  arc  therefore  faid  to  have  been   rij.p.  5?^/. 
 ^  Synodtfrr?3tfi'/P7i.cbYElfnci'/inh[s  C^v\o ns io  FPulfin.     ^^^.f/j'/^"' 
 
 32.   But  thcfe,  however  of  this  high  cfteem,  yet  had  defictrdouU 
 not  the  name  of  generall  appropriated  unto  them  till  ;««f'*f.  4- 
 
 Y  long  ""'-'V'' 
 
i62    dJn Hijloricafl Findication  Chap.  VHL 
 
 long  after ;  for  certainly  that  diftindion  was  not  fuddcn- 
 ly  brought  into  the  Church  ,  at  Icaft  in  that  I'cnfc  it  is 
 now  taken,  many  Synods  by  our  writers  being  ftyledge- 
 neralljto  whichyet  th'obhgation  was  never  of thatnaturc, 
 <iSi««o\o+4.  as  if  they  did  not  or  could  not  erre.  cEad?r;erus  wntcs, 
 f'  +°5-  i^nfelm  told  VVilhdm  the  Zygenerale  concilium  Epifcopo - 
 
 ]qI.  "noX  ?  ^^^^^^  ^^  S'^'^  ^^^  fa^t4S  fuisti  non  fuit  in  Anglia  celehra- 
 
 /Hunt.  fvi.  turn  :  and  the  like  phralc  is  ufed  very  frequently  for  Lng- 
 
 "G«^D^  ///fe  councells  not  onely  in  him,  but  in  our  other  eldeil 
 
 ?o/.i569,  6:.  ^ud  bcft  hiftoriaus  ,  as  ^Flor,  VVigornie^ifis ^  ^Simeon 
 
 hHoycd.An-  Bundmenfis ^  i  Huntington^  i  Gervaf.   Vorcherrienjis  ^ 
 
 '^^^2,V.■^l'  ^  Hovedeni^c.  «' -^^/.P^wfpcakingofacouncell  held 
 
 ^nno  1 200.  at  VVeHmtnJin  1175.  calls  it  Concilium  generale  ,  which 
 
 ^.45-'*jb.  jj^  k  J)  j(^io\SQ\\Qir\^(^i\io  Concilium  Regtonale  .^iVid  in  the 
 
 j///y?.  minori  margin  added  ( out  of  the  Mfs.  copy  (omctimes  belong* 
 
 rp-tnajon,  ^.  mg  to  S'  {^li^/tns,^ndno\\  atSaint /^w^i's,  (thebeftand 
 
 A  Dicao  col  f^i^cft  I  ever  faw)  and  which  I  conceive  Mat.  Paris  him- 
 
 585,63.  {c]{nCcd)/olius  Papiee^  concilium  generale  ,  Romanx  ^^- 
 
 €iil'ol  earth  ^^^f^  ^  Couftantinopolitanx  cji  concilium  univcrjde: 
 
 3- tap.  7.    '  whichlknownothow^he  will  makegcod, having  ^  the 
 
 concii.^,  in  3d  and  4'^  Councell  of  Carthaie,^  and  one  held  there 
 
 mihid.F^onoY.  40  3.theGouncell  "  oi Maitfcon  and  others  to  conteft 
 
 AiigujiQ  c^  with,  which  being  no  other  then  particular,  as  wc  now 
 
 i^mnorna  eftccm  them,  have  in  their  ads  the  titles  of  being  uni- 
 
 nTom.!.  verfallGouncells.Sothe  4*^ Councell  ^  oi Toledo  is  faid 
 
 Conai.crab,  to have  been  gcncrailj  as  hy  Eymericus  a  PCounccll  in 
 
 oibid.in  Tarragor.A, 
 
 poxmio.  33.,  Now offuch  as  have  been  fo called  ,  it  is  mani- 
 
 pa^^TqLp.  fcft  the  value  fcton  them  isaltogethcr  vanifht,  and  was 
 
 56.infir2ep,  folongfuice.   ^ yJ/^/wj'/'/^y)' tccords,  thc  Councells  held 
 
 ?  ^^^"-  by  K^nfelm  were  in  his  time  become  ohfolcta ,  their  ere- 
 
 fcitro.  ^qI.  dit  lolt:  and  fo  we  may  fay  of  the  reft,  for  »"  Lynd'^ocd  is 
 
 J  29, 1'.  30.  veryclearno^^g///??  Councells  oblige  this  Church,  be- 
 
 ]J.lTh:^Q,  fore  1222.  *5'/^/?^^;?Z4^^/^^/hcldoneat  Oxford.    As  for 
 
 >fr'o  mini-  thofc  which  the  Popes  called  as  P^/m7'r/7^of  the  Weft  j 
 
 t^nttr."*^^      Nvhich  jDiccto  conceives  were  properly  gcnerall  ^  the  rite 
 
 of 
 
I 
 
 frent 
 
 (3 
 
 Chap.VlII.  oftheU:t4rchof^n^:{nd.        163 
 
 of  former  times  was, never  to  fend  hence  more  then  four 
 BilLops  unto  them  i    which  when  it  came  in  queftion 
 
 I  7<).S Epifcopi  AngHx  cojiJlAutcr  afferu€YH7it ,  q^iioA  ad  /I-^ovcdcu 
 
 'ntrxle  concilium  Dom.  Papx  quAtuor  Epijcopi  de  Anglia   cV 
 tantHmY^oVLi:i\Ximittitidi[uni\    which  is  fo  full  a  tefti- 
 niony  of  his  having  no  nbfolutc  power  over  our  Biiliops, 
 not  fo  much  as  to  caufcthcm  meet  incouncell,  as  there 
 cannot  well  bea  greater;  and  therefore  when  he  impo- 
 fed  the  oath  [  of'  which  before)  on  them  ,  one  claufc  tO;.  3.  n. 
 was,  Fo  cat  lis  ad  Sytjodum  I'eniam  ^  7ijji  prjipcditits  fucro   ^°^5^- 
 oDiontca  fr£peditio?ze.  Yet  in  after  Ages  the  going  thither 
 did  onely  remain  at  the  Princes  plcafurc,  «  who  gave  ura? seid 
 them  ^auCtonty  co?i/e?7Uendij  &,  Ji  opus fuerity  diffenttcn'  '^^E^dmer. 
 di  his  cj^Hx juxta  dcliheratio'acm di^i conciiu  inihijlatui&  UrchiyufQ- 
 or  dinar  tconttgcrtt.    All  which  1  have  fpoke  of  generall   tefJajem  com- 
 Councells,  that  the  Reader  may  know,  when  he  meets  ^!i^^o^y^~ 
 rhatphrafe  inany  author,   he  is  not  neccfiarily  to  con-  aLnte^efienL 
 elude  him  to  have  conceived  an  obligation  of  follow-  ^^^^'|!«  ^"i^- 
 ing  whatever  they  faid,  nor  that  he  held  it  to  have  been 
 voidofErrourjforitis  unqueftionable, they  and  we  give 
 the  name  to  fuch  Synods  as  were  cfteemed  full  of  im- 
 pcrfeclions,  far  from  that  freedome  ought  to  be  in  Ge- 
 nerall Councells  ^  to  whofc  Canons  they  did  not  hold 
 themfelvestyed. 
 
 34.  But  becaufe  in  thefe  cafes  examples  of  former 
 times  do  more  convince  mens  judgements,  then  prefent 
 affirmations,  to  give  fomeinftances,notof  other  then 
 offuch  as  have  been  ^lately  printed,  and  with  thattitle,    ^'i^oSc:^ 
 at  Rome-,  as  the  Councell  oiVumia  1311.  which  by  :  .Gif  .^.^G^laf^crus 
 hurr^cnfis^\^\\o  lived  about  that  time,  is  noted  to  have  Hcmingford 
 been  nothing  Icflc  then  a  free  Councell:  the  book  is  ^^f^^^^^**!"-- 
 not  printed,  I  will  give  you  the  whole  therefore  as  I  find 
 it  in  him. 
 
 Dom't?ms  P/i/>^ Clemens  tenuit  concilium  fuum  Vien- 
 nae  A-ano  Dom.  Mcccxi.  primo  die  men/is  Octobris;  i/i 
 quo  (^uidcr?i  conciliotres  (ecttfefiones, 
 
 Y  2  I.  Lz 
 
164-     <iAiiHiJlor kail  Vindication  Chap.  VI IL 
 
 T.  In  prima  fe(siGne,fAcfofermoney€Xpofuit  Ckrotres  arti- 
 culosJUpcrqutbus  erat principaltter  traitandum ,  &  confu- 
 lendum \fuper  ncgotio  terrnefan^ta ,  c^uomodopoffet  recupe  • 
 ran  &  tueri ,  &fnpeY  ordtne  Templartorum  ,quipro  nullo^ 
 hahehxtur^  pracepitqne  omnibus  FraLttis  ,  &  Jingulis  qui 
 convener  ant ,  quodfuper  pramijus  articulis  ufque  adfecun- 
 damfefionem  deliherarent. 
 
 I I.  Infecundafefionefa6fa  eji  longa  dlfputatio  de  o rdi» 
 7^^  Tcmplaiiorum,  utrum  fiarefoffet,  veldeleridejure 
 deheret.Eterantproordme  Templariorutn/'r^/^//  quafi 
 omnes ,  prater  pralatos  Franciae ,  qui  propter  timorem  Re- 
 gis Irancix  Qer  quern  ,  ut  dicehatur ,  totnm  illudfcanda- 
 lumfnerat)  aliud facer e  non  audehant.  Erant  i7i  toto  Conci- 
 //■(?  (quod  Concilium  dici  non  merebatur  ,  quia  ex  ca- 
 pite proprio omnia  fecit  Dominus  Papa,  non  refpon- 
 dente  ncque  confentiente  facro  Concilio)  b aculip^^ flora- 
 Us  urea  cxxx. 
 
 III.  In  tertiafe/ione  Dominus  Fapa{_k^\t]protrihu' 
 naliy  &  ah  uno  latere  Rex  Francia  ,  ah  alter o  Rex  Naver7ii£ 
 filius  ejus :  furr  exit  que  quidcm  Clericus  ,  &  inhibuitfuh 
 pcena  excommunicatioms  majoris  ,  ne  altquis  loqueretur 
 uerbum  tn  conctlioy  nifiliceniiatus  velrequifitus  h  Papa.Re^ 
 citatoqueprocejfu  Templariorum,^^(?f//P.i'/'/«,  Qu^od  licet 
 ex  proccfTu  prxhabito  ipfum  Ordinem  de  jure  dciere 
 non poffet,  tamen  ex  plenitudine  poteftatis  Oidinem  de- 
 levit,  nomen  &  iiabitum  ,  terras  eorum&  poffcffiones 
 Hofpitalariis  conferendo,aggregando,6c  uniendo. 
 
 35.    The  like  may  be  faidofthe  Councelofi^4/^^4w 
 
 under  Innocentius  3.  in  which  there  was  onely  recitata 
 
 (as  what  the  Pope  had  before  concluded  o\^)  capitula 
 
 ,  y  /,v,  quA  alns  placahilia^  aliis  vidcbantur  onerofa  ,  <5v.c. 
 
 Pfii'is  ^rino     Which  with  the  great  extortion  then  exercifedon  the 
 
 12 1 5.  p.  272,  prclats  appeared  in  it,  the  little  credit  it  gained  in  ^;;^/^;?^, 
 
 ca^pit'ulV/rx."  might  juftly  caufc  \  th'  K^ntiquitates  Britannic  a  Ecclc- 
 
 z  f .  1 5 1 , 1 9.    fi^  write  it  to  end  m  rifum  &  [comma  :  which  words  arc 
 
 iiit,UnL      noncofcJ^^/^./'^r/^^butofthc  auftorsj  though  the  mai> 
 
 «;inall 
 
Cfiap.VIII.  of  the  {^/;^rf/?^  England.    165 
 
 ginall  note  a2;ainft  them  in'*  the  edition  of //.7;;.z>  1605.  -,,»,  «  ,^ 
 hath  given  an  occafion  of  miftakc  ,  which  fhouldhavc 
 been  placed  five  lines  lower ,  asitisin  (iwx."^  o{  London  */'.i)r,  ij. 
 1572.  for  that  he  there  fpeaksof  the  prelats  borrowing 
 to  fatisfy  the  papall  avarice,  is  as  Archbifiiop  Parker  ,   or 
 vvhofocver  elfecompofed  thofe  lives  ,  thus  delivered 
 in  ^  Hiftoria  minori  i  Tunc  autern  ternporis  foluturn  efl  \  ^}^^'  ^*"'^* 
 concUtum generate  :  Papa  "vero  prxlatis  pete?itibi^s  licen-  j\^r  p.172. 
 tiam  repatriaudi  minime  concejsit  ^  tmmo  a  Jingulis  auxi-  c^joLt6ft^e 
 dium  m  pecunia  foJiuUvit  ^  quam  reccjfuri  cum  viaticis  nl'll_^l'vids 
 cogebanttir  h  Mercatortbu^s  curiit  Romanx  duns  conditio-  Mbatum  >i- 
 nibusmutuare  i  &  fic  cumhenediciione  papali  ad  propria  '^^^^K^-^^^* 
 remearunt  ----  per  idem  tcmpus  injiantefejio  Pafchalt^^Q. 
 36.  This  I  have  the  rather  tranfcribcd  ,  becaufefomc 
 arc  of  opinion  that  Gouncell  ended  1215;  which  cer- 
 tainly it  did  not  till  towards  Ealler  the  year  following; 
 and  then  too  abruptly  ,thc  Pope  called  away  on  afiid- 
 dain for  appeafing  the  wars  growing  in  Z/^/)' ,  the  16  In- 
 ly 1 2 16.  dyed:  which  makes  it  without  either  time  when 
 it  began  or  ended,  nothing  being  fully  concluded  but 
 th'  expedition  againft  the  Sarazins ,  for  the  recovery  of 
 the  Holy  land. Of  this  I  have  made  the  more  particular 
 mention  ,  for  that  having  givenadvertifemcnt  of  itto 
 Doftor  K/^//(who  hath  with  great  (incerityand  judg- 
 ment put  out  Ol^af. Pans, J  that  he  might  clear  thcArch- 
 bifliop  hi  his  K^dverfarits ,  I  know  not  by  what  fate  he 
 applies  his  note  to  pag.  13  8,   5.  which  rcferrs  to  the 
 Councell  held  there  by  f^iexander&iQ  3.11  79.  when 
 it  fhould  have  been  to  pag. 2  72 .  or  pag. 2  74. 6.  and  thinks 
 he  called  the  lives  of  the  Abbots  the  Hifloria  minor-,  who  \  ^     , 
 
 -*  See  the  pY4* 
 
 lam  perfwaded  ^  never  faw  that  book  ,  but  did  v/rite /u^^ /oMat. 
 candidly  w  hat  he  found  in  Hi  si  or  la  mi?iori.  \Vc({  p^g.  5 . 
 
 }j.  But  that  this  Councell  w^as  never  received  gene-  dcGmiTin°  ' 
 rally  here  is  manifcft,  in  that  divers  Canons  in  it  were  Trinitatc^c 
 notofforceini:>/^/^;;^,asthc3,  the  41, the  46,  to  which  jj^^^^^p  ^j^. 
 Imay  addc  the  very  firft;  for  though  *-'  Pcckha?n  GGyc^iis  tifjimtts. 
 
 Y   ^  afu:r. 
 
i66      An Hijloricall  Vindication  Chap.  Vlli. 
 
 after  did  ii-iakc  a  conftitution  in  that  point ;  yet  he  did,  to 
 my  undciilanding  ,  not  (peak  of  Chriils  prefenccinthe 
 Eucharill  foguoilely,  nor  determine  it  to  be  by  Tranfub- 
 ftantiation  ,  as  the  tirft  chapter  of  the  other  doth  :  but  of 
 aibid.(/fp^-    that   hereafter.    And  wholbcver  fliail  pcrufc  <^  Sir?2on 
 ^reZj'im^ui-  'Si^dhii^ncs  conftitutions  1 3  73  touching  confeiVion  ,  will 
 find  fo  much  variation  from  ihc  2  i  chapter  of  that  Sy- 
 nod 5  as  he  cannot  think  he  took  that  for  a  rule  not  to  be 
 c  V)e  cupodu   varied  from. To  which  1  may  adde,that  e  Peckham  pro- 
 Biicbmit.       videsthepunifliment  of  the  negligent  conferver  of  the 
 holy  Sacrament  to  bzfecundum  regulam  conciltigenera' 
 lis  ,  meaning  the  20^^  chapter  of  this  I  fpeak  of  5   which 
 had  it  been  of  force  othcrwife ,  he  had  no  doubt  com- 
 manded the  due  obfervance  of  it  ,  not  by  his  command 
 added  ftrength  to  the  rule  there  given.It  is  true,  Stephen 
 /Mat.  Talis   La?jgton  ,  to  ingratiate  himfelf  with  i?ow^  (whom  he  had 
 jjtfl.minor.     fo  much  difplcafed  ,  as  /the  Pope  intended  to  remove 
 ^mio  1  zi6.    j^i     |-        j^-^  Archbiflioprick  on  the  Kinss  defire  ,  but 
 
 §  Barones,  rv  t 
 
 P.172.C0/.2.    ftopton  theintercemonoftheGourt  ,  and  his  being  a 
 
 Cardinall)did  at  the  end  of  his  Synod  at  Oxford  izzz 
 
 -'.Which  coun-  gj^JQyj^  ^hg  Councell  .-.oi  Later  an  held  under  Pope  Inno- 
 
 ihis  tpas,  is  ce?u,in  the  paymg  or  Ty thes  and  other  litigious  ^  caules, 
 tiiicmuinywhe'  tobe  obfervcd,  Cv"  in  Synod fs  epifcopalibus  cor/JIitutrones 
 jnnacmius  i.  ^^^^^s  conctlti^  uno,  cum  tjiis  sprout  videbitur  expcdire,  {^ex- 
 or  this  by  Jn-  po^J  voltimus  &  vecitan :  ]  which  lafl:  words  Binitts  hath 
 >mentius  I      chauGied ,  I  kuow  not  on  what  auftority ,  to  volumus  oh- 
 
 but  wo  I  likely  z>  J  ' 
 
 that  under  Jn-  Jervari ,  when  queftionleflc  th'  Englifh  took  them  for 
 nocent  I  at  advifc,  notaprcccpt :  and  their  little  regard  of  them  ap- 
 Zl^s prefect  pcars  by  the  particulars  mentioned .  Neither  doth  Lynd- 
 "BininsjeAds,  ^Wmakc  any  mcntiou  ofthis  part ,  though  he  have,  I 
 Scaiiis  capi-  think, all  the  reft  were  agreed  there.'6c  is  itrclfaltOf;cther 
 
 tulis ,  thcri-hy  ^  ^ 
 
 adding       '  Omitted  in  fome  old  copies  of  that  Councel  I  have  feen; 
 
 Prengtjy  to  qUC 
 
 tyfry  ch.xpcf 
 
 oj  thxt  Connccll'.tvhen  certain  the  reddivg  flponld  he, according  to  Ancient  cofiesj'nx  prctftatlonc  Dc- 
 cimariim  &  .iliis  cauHs,  referring  oncly  to  what pafl  there  touching  Tythes  ,  and  the  f.xyment  of 
 them  by  the  Cificriixn  order  ^jor  land  acquired  after  that  timCy  which  feveval!  ^ds  ofl  arl.confrmei 
 ^j^f'r wards,  ^sjor  the  other  conflitrf  lions  there  propounded  y  he  after  gives  the  rule  with  what  cuti- 
 lion  I'-eji  ivere  to  be  expounded  and  rccited^asthey  shQ'tldbe  hdd  expedient)  and  tjot  otherwtfe^ 
 
Chap.  Vin.  of  the  Church  o/England*     \67 
 
 one  of  which  is  joyned  with  the  Mfs.  Annals  oi Bnrto?z 
 AbbyinS^  Thomas  Cot tonslL'ibiuy .  But  theAdsofthis 
 Coiinccll  being  ,    with  divers  others ,  printed  at  the  end 
 of  the  contlitutions  o^  Otho  and  Othobo?j>'M  Paris  1 504, 
 andlince  by  Bi?ntts  transferred  into  his  third  tome  the 
 Iccond  part, this  is  alledged  by  foniemcn  ,   as  if  what 
 pad  at  L/^/^r^/ij  had  been  of  undoubted  vaUdity  withus  i 
 when  no  queftion,  what  was  done  there  hath  never  been 
 taken  here  as  the  decrees  of  a  generall  Councell  ,    Hkc~ 
 thatof  A7r^or  6cc.  butoi I n?7occnttu s  3"%  as  they  ftand: 
 in  the  Decrctalls  ("compiled  by  Gregory  the9<^  his  Ne- 
 phew) with  this  title,  Innocentius  -^j.in  Condlio  Later  a,- 
 ne?tji  ,  as  thofe  by  him  propounded,  but  not  fully  con- 
 cluded in  councell  ,    according  10  riuma ,    and  from 
 which  this  Church  varied  as  occafion  ferved.  Yetifany 
 (hall  infift  this  conclufion  of  1222.  to  have  been  of 
 greater  vaUdity  then  I  fpcak,  I  muft  adde ,  that  if  it  really 
 were  made  with  fuch  an  intent  by  the  Ecclefiafticks ,  it 
 cannot  bethought  to  have  obliged  us  more  then  that 
 declaration  of  the  Bifliops  16  15  did  the  French  ;   who 
 5  \\2i\'m^mcure?ncMt  delibere  fttr  la  publication  du  concile  apret^es  des 
 de  T rente  ,  out  unaniment  recogntt  dr  declare  ,    &  re-  jj'^l^Vr  ^ 
 sogmijfent  &  declare  fit ,  eftre  obltgcz.  par  leur  devoir  ,  &  Fmci^.^z.^l. 
 confcicnce^a  reccvoir.come  de fait ils  ont  rcceuC  rccoivent^ 
 le kit  conciL%  & promettent  I'obferver  cntant  cj^uils pttiveitt 
 parlcursfoy;Bions,  &  au^lorttefpiritucUj  & pafiorele^  and 
 caufcd  the  fame  to  be  printed.  Yet  that  of  JVf^;/ had  ne- 
 ver validity  in  F^a^tce,noi'  the  other  in  England, x^qtwi^h"- 
 flanding  what  thus  pafl:  the  Clergy/  ' 
 
 38.  Neither  was  that  other  Councell  of Z^/^/.t;/ un- 
 der/;i;?^(^w//^/  2.  ever  received  here  :  though  the  Pope 
 there  ^  inJ/g?^em/acrorum  Vecretoru^n  text  urn  co'r?^eftt,  h  Ordericus^ 
 yet  nt/n/s  abundafii  per  univerfum orbcm  nequttia terriae-  VitaJiS  hb: 
 fiArum  corUa  contr4  ecclejtaftica  Jcita  obduravit  ;  Irom 
 whence  it  proceeded  ,  that  when  they  were  divulged 
 tiiey  didnogood,  ^Hor/iam  a  prryjcipibus  &  optimatibus 
 
 re'7rin^- 
 
I68 
 
 fol.  166.  b. 
 k  A  pud  Gra- 
 tian.  cAuf.ij- 
 q.  1 .  cap,  40- 
 
 I    Ci-ol  Cir 
 lib.  7.  cip. 
 
 con fiie  rations 
 tdkugenittm, 
 lib.  3.  cap.  2. 
 
 I  Con«r^*». 
 1611. 
 
 (tJn  Hijioricall  VmdtcMion  Chap.  VI 11. 
 
 rcgnorum .  c urn  fabjeRis plebibtiS  ,pdyvi  pcnfafunt.    Now 
 that  it  was  never  received  here  appears,  (befidcs  this 
 tcftimony)  in  that  the  marriage  of  a  profcllcd  Nun  was 
 '   adjudged  valid,  contrary  to  the  7.  Canon  of  it,  and 
 that  too  afccr  it  was  regiftred  in  the  ^  Canon  Law  : 
 which  fliews,  this  Church  did  neither  admit  the  Canons 
 offorreign  Councells,nor  the  Canon  Law  itfclftoalter 
 their  ancient  cuftomes^    as  is  farther  manifeft  by  the  fta- 
 tute  of  Merton  cap.  9.   Neither  was  the  Councell  of 
 ^4r^/i-ever  allowed  in  EngUnd  ,  as  is  manifeft  by  what 
 before  of  Appcals,which  yetby  theCapitularsofiC/?^^^ 
 the  great  and  Ludovicus  Pius  was  even  in  that  particular 
 in  France-^   which  made  ^  S^  Bernardwntc  of  them,  i?^ 
 muUas pojfe  eas  dev€nireper?nciemj  (inon  fummo  [  mode- 
 Y amine  aEiitentur  :  K^ppelUtur  de  toto  mundo  ad  /^]  id 
 qnidem  6cc,  for  fo  the  place  is  to  be  read,  as  I  have  ieen 
 in  two  very  good  Mfs,  and  one  late  printed,  not  as  in  the 
 former  editions  of  him  ,   as  at  Pans  1 5S6.    By  thefc 
 precedents  the  Reader  may  judge  how  neccffaty  it  was 
 for  the  Parliament  to  make  a  diftinclion  of  Councells. 
 Now  in  thefc,  with  fundry  of  as  doubtfull  credit ,  being 
 of  late  ^  printed  at  i?^;^?^,  as  if  they  were  of  equall  value 
 with  the  tirftj  have  thoughtfit  to  inftance.  And  here  ha- 
 ving made  mention  oirecetvmg  Councells^^^iS  if  that  added 
 ftrength  unto  them,  it  will  be  neceOfary  to  fay  fomething 
 of  that  too,  for  the  fuller  clearing  ofthis  Church. 
 
 3  9.  The  Apoftles  as  they  fliewed  a  pattern  for  ^  hold- 
 ing Councells  to  fettle  difputes  amongft  Chnftians  5  fo 
 Faul2indSi/as  in  their  travells  delivering  the  "Decrees 
 by  them  ordained  to  be  kept  by  fcvcrall  Churches, 
 fliew'dit  to  be  rcafonable,  fuch  as  were  abfent  fliould 
 receive  what  was  done  in  any  Synod,  before  they  were 
 obliged  by  it;  and  accordingly,  in  the  primitive  times, 
 thofc  were  notprefent  atthe  holding  a  fynod,  had  the 
 rcfultsfent  or  brought  unto  them  after  the  conclufion 
 taken,  who  did  in  their  own  Churches  fublcribe  (find- 
 
 ing 
 
Chap.VlII.  oftbc  Omrch  of  EnQ]..\nd.       169 
 
 ing  thcai   juft  aad  pious  )  wlut    the    oihcrs  had  iji 
 CoLinccllngrecd  upon,  and  then  icpolcd  them  amongll 
 their  Records,  called  by  S'  Hterom  °  Scrt.na  p'.thlira,  he    o  nicMon.ji- 
 cU'fi.trfsmarc^^c.  So  P  Cecilur: ,  bcinu;  preicnt  at  JV/a',  ')''l'''  ^'''^'' 
 brought  to  C/tr/>b.r<^r  the  Decrees  there  eo'-Kludcd,  who  jy^  ^2. a. 
 fubmitted  unto  them;  and   1  S.  K_A.h^?tajius  of  that  /um;-. j4. 
 Counccll  faycs ,  Huic  Concdio  umverjus    oruis  iijjt;nfiim  ^Cirh',r  cap.  9, 
 pr^b.'tifj  cr  cjua'/jqti.im  rnnlt.^  habitat  fnnt  Sy-iodty  huj  s  to.    q  iiitii.  ad 
 men  omncs  funt  memoreSy  tuynpcr  Dahnatiam  ,  D  irdaiii    '^  1"'^'^^  ''■'^'" 
 am,  aitifq-.,  infuUs ,^\z\\\v^^<S'c.  Ci/ pUri(^\ir^ hxxvi\'Xh:inc  Natmio.  r^- 
 agnovcrunt ^& fubfrifiiorpe approh urunt ^  &c.  And  of  the  r/w57i.f(}/. 
 '   Counccll  at  Sxrdis  it  is  recorded  ,  "o^.;?^  \-:n<r>^-.mz  Xy^^^,  ^  Icon^ii.oetf. 
 
 bttt  wa'rTiC  :    rztuju    5.  ^i^}.iffa  *i  tV  J.x-'i^t:<}    (r.'9',S(^  ctTrtg-eiXi  f^  ti^!    iii?  //.«  j/Im-    p.  64.  C. 
 
 T*K  xjTVi>x^y  Ti  o^oAwtnx  sTi  TAvTrt.  which  1  Engltfh  thus;  Oilus 
 the  Bijhop (iibfrib^d.andfo  did  th",  reft.  Trjtfj  thif'tgs  be- 
 ing copied  otit,  the  Sy,iod:n  Sardisy?;iJ/  io  thofe  could  not  be 
 pre/eJ.^lv'uo'^.re  of  the  fxme  miud'^  th  Ivhxt  hid  bee» 
 determined  of  thofe fubfAib  difi  the  Synod -^  and  of  i  he  o- 
 ther  Bijhops  thefe  are  the  ?inmcs . 
 
 ,.^40.   After  which  ^  o<f//74^;^/7^/ (from whom  this  c-  CEpifl..td 
 piftie  is  takenj  adds,  qui  igttur  dccfet:sfilfrtpfr.%/^tfh?it  ^o?''^^  ^^* 
 
 ijlt •  in-  untvirfum  3  4.4.   Hence  it  grew,  that  though 
 
 fomcCounccUs  had  but  few  at  the  holding  of  them  ,  yet 
 the  fubfcriptions  were  numerous/ ^^/'o;?/«job(crvcs  the  trow  f-rt^w* 
 5'^  Counccll  ofC^r/z^.t^i' to  have  been  held  by  22  oicly,  4»9*»-59. 
 (  I  conceive  it  fliould  be  72.3  yet  had  217.  (ubciibcrs, 
 which  was  after  the  ending  of  it,  by  Biiliops  in  their 
 ownChurches,  when  they  admitted  of  ir.  So  the  «  Sy-  ^  Concii.^ti" 
 nod  oi (^yf/itioch  :ib out  541.  Tending  their  conclufions  lioch.to.  i. 
 toabfent  Churches,  writ  untp  them,  they  did  believe  2^^l^''^ 
 they  would  alTentto  v/hat  rhcy  had  done  ,  et  ca  qnx.  vifx 
 funt  reci.i  roboranrtes  cumconfenfifincit  Spirit  us  confignx- 
 hitis.  Itisofnoufc  to  diipute  here,  whether  this  were  xconciirs^ 
 QiW  Arrianoi2.  Catholick Counccll :  be  it  cither,  it  ftill  ^^'- J  §•  ^o*- 
 denotes  the  manner  then  ufcdj  as  doth  the*  third  Coun-  antllz^'^ 
 
 Z  gell 
 
I/O    An  Htjloricall  V^indtc^itmi  Chap.  VIII. 
 
 ccWoiToledo  held  Anno  5  s 9.  which  fpeaksthiis  ,  Conjiu 
 tutiones Junctor  urn  concdiorum  ,  Niceni ,  Ephefini ,  Con- 
 ftantinopolitani  v€l<^Azz<io^z\\^\%^quAS gratifsma au^ 
 re  audru'imuSj&  conjenjione  no/Ira  veras  ejje  prcbavimus  , 
 de  toto  corde  &  detota  antma.  &  de  tot  a  mente  hojlrafuhfiri- 
 ffimus  :  and  another  held  there,  having  received  with 
 the  lettersof  Pope  Leo  the  2.  the  fixth  general!  Coun- 
 *  Baron  io.%.  cell,  invitcd  all  thc  Prclats^*-  of  i'i?^//?,  ut prddicfa/ynoda- 
 2^  Lia  tnjtituta  qu.n  mtjcrat ,  nojtri  ettam  vigor  is  manereyji  ats  - 
 
 n'orttateft^ffulta,  ommbujquc  per  nos  Ji^b  regno  Hilpania: 
 ionjiflentihus  patefcerent  divulganda. 
 
 41.  By  all  this  it  is  plain,  the  manner  of  former  times 
 M'as  to  difperfe  the  Decrees  of  Councells   to  abfenc 
 Churches,  who  by  fubfcriptions  werefaidto  have  con- 
 firmed, and,  fo  far  as  lay  in  them,  by  fuffrage,  to  have  gi. 
 ven  llrcngth  to  that  fuch  meetings  had  agreed  unto. 
 And  as  Popes  did  thus  confirme  what  other  Bifliops 
 had  concluded  in  their  Synods,  fo  did  they  in  like  man- 
 ner his.  In  the  year  1095.  Tr^.f/'^  the  2.  held  a  Councell 
 at  Clermoftt  in  Auverg-ae,  at  w^iich  w^cre  prefent  (cverall 
 Prelats  oilS(ormandjy  who  at  their  return  brought  letters 
 from  thc  Synod  ,  upon  which  VFilltam  Archbifhop  of 
 jyOrd-ricus     Roan  caufcd  thc  2\^rw4;2  Bifliops  to  uicct thetc ,  J'  who 
 vitalis//^. 9.  capituUSynodiqu.^apHdC\2iin\r\rc\omc\wfaHaeJtun,'ini' 
 f'7^^-^'        rntter  contempLtti  funt ^fctta  quoque  Apofiobca  co^'firm/ive- 
 runt.  It  is  true,  thc  Pope  being  the  Patriarch  of  mod 
 note  in  the  world,  and  ofgreatcft  dignity  in  the  Weft, 
 ufually  the  Adls of forra'gn Councells  weredirefted  un- 
 irtie-^.vSf^h.   to  him,  ^  w^hich  he  difperfed  through  itdy  and  other 
 Mcdioiancnf.  parts  of£»rc/'^;  but  his  approbation  was  not  cnon2;hto 
 5z.Lcoms.     oblige  Other    Churches,    till  what  came  from  mm 
 was  by  themfelves  allowed  :     neither  was  this   dit 
 perfing  fo  appropriated    to    his  Papacy,    as  if  there 
 were    never   any   other  divulging  of  them;   thc   fe- 
 cond  Councell  ofNice  held  787, or  788   as  Dtce/o;!iC' 
 counts,  was  fent  from  Conjlantmople  to  char/s  the  great, 
 
 then 
 
.Chap.  Vlir.  o/^l'cO'^ycho/'En^hnd.    lyi 
 
 then  oncly  Rex  Fra^icorum ,  aiid  by  hiin  792.  hither, 
 where  it  was  rcjcclcJ. 
 
 42.  From  hence  it  proceeded  ,  that  part  of  the  Ads 
 ofoncCouncclldid  nor  bind  fome  Churches,  which  did 
 others ;  as  fome  parts  ofthe  Counccil  of  chdcedon  and 
 £^/7^/«j-(eeninot  to  have  been  received  in  R:irne  in  "  S.  fp!^^°^"  . 
 Gregories  time, to  which  may  be  added  lomc  ^  Canons  of  ct-  Ub.  j.ffiih 
 the7'*'Councell.  ButlbeUcveit  will  be  hardly  fiicwed  ^7-iridiaz. 
 
 r  1  L  i^iiL-  -b  Cenertl. 
 
 from  the  ancients,  that  any  Church, nciihermtcrvening  conctiKotr^t 
 in  Counccil  by  proxy,  nor  that  did  after  admit  ofit,wcre  'j^.-  ^ 
 ever  held  concluded  by  any  ,ihoui;h  never  fo  numxrrous.  ^^-J'^^^-'* 
 Certainly  none  was  ever  held  ofgreater  efteem  amongft 
 Catholicks  then  theCouncelofiNJjVf;  yct^  S  .Augufltn^^  c  rostra  Au- 
 in  his  dilbutc  with  m\  ArriAn, confciles  neither  the  Coun-  ximwum^nt' 
 
 It       -  I  11  111.    ^f^orumcpijt. 
 
 cell  ot:2>(_^^r  ought  to  prejudice  the. :/rr/^;?,  nor  that  held  //A.^.  cap.  14. 
 at  K^nminum  hmjfcdutnfque  commumhus teHibtiS ,  res  to.6.yideeiiam 
 cum  re,  caufa  cum  cxufxy  ratio  cum  ratione  concertct.   And  ^/^<-  ^^\,   j^" 
 <^  St.  HiLxry,  comparing  two  Councclls  ,  one  of  80.  Bi-  to.  7. 
 (hops  which  rcfufed  the  word  i^/cr,:, ,  with  that  ofA7V^  cveynod^ 
 which  received  ii,  iaycsyj/co^trana  invlcimfenferunt,  de-  ria..os  propc 
 hemt4S  quajijudices probare  meliora:  (o  not  onely  taking  /«<'wf24i. 
 from  them  all  infallibility,  but  allowing  others  to  judge 
 oftheir  doings, before  they  fnbmitted  unto  their  dcter- 
 niinations. 
 
 And  this  hath  been  the  fo  conftant  obfervance  in  all 
 times  as  no  age  ever  held  the  Z,7//;?  obliged  by  the  Gre- 
 r/4«  Synods  which  they  have  not  received^  nciiher  doth 
 the  Greek(Z\\i\xc\\  to  this  day  hold  themfelves  tyed  by  the 
 determinations  o^florencCyOx  to  the  many  other  of  t  he/-4- 
 tin  touching  the  proccffian  ofthe  holy  Ghofl:,and  other 
 points  in  d.ircrcncc, to  which  they  have  notfubmitted. 
 
 43.  Butfor  that  the  Aclis  ofCouncells,  without  tem- 
 poral] aiiclority  to  inforcc  the  obfervance  of  ihcm,  were 
 no  other  then  pcrfuafivc,  Princes  (either  on  the  incita- 
 tionof  their  Bfliops ,  or  convinced  ofthe  juftncHc  and 
 piety  of  vv'hat  had  paft  in  thole  Ecclcfiaftick  Aflcmblics) 
 
 Z   2  did 
 
172      An  Hijloricall  Vindication  Chap. VIII. 
 
 did  often  by  thciiicttcrs  exhort  ,    or  by  their  laws  com- 
 mand the  obrervanccofwhatrcfulted  from  thcm.SoC(?«- 
 Jlnntirie,  after  the  Counccll  ^{Nice ,  wrote  that  letter  re- 
 dSocrat. //$.   mains  recorded  in  ^Socrates  and  jhcodoret  to  (ome  ab- 
 Thcodor.//!',  i^'^t  Chiuchcs ,  for  their  admitting  the  refolutions  of  it : 
 i.c*jp.io.        in  which  he  tells  them  he  had  undertook  that  what  the 
 Romans  had  ah*cady ,  acr-uWc  '^■ny^  it  iVm'ejt  <xe-<^/^?«-«i  (pjmitk^  , 
 cro<fr^f(>.      ^1^^^^  their  judameiit  li^culd  Iv'tllhzly  receive.  ^  And  Gra- 
 cahoUen.  5.     rit'f2,  VdcrittnLm^  Ttjcodojifis  did  m  the  year  3  S  i .  by  their 
 c^dcH^ret.    rc(cripisc(lr;blifluhe  fame  Counccll, as  /  It//li^:anby  the 
 /fj.;i.'         law  before  mentioned  did  all  the  four  firft;  which  1  take 
 "^To.s.in       tobethc  fame  "^  S^  o/^^«///;; calls h^fcrting them ^^7/V 
 ^M'^7-         proconfidariltis, 
 
 44.  Of  later  times  Popes,  havingbyfeverall  arts  ac- 
 quired the  greateftpartof  Epifcopali  power  to  be  de- 
 volvedtothem,  have  likcwile  claimed  it  as  a  right  be- 
 longing to  the  Papacy,  notonelyto  callCouncels,  btit 
 to  determdnc  which  are  generall,  who  are  to  vote  in 
 •  Pellarm.  ie  tlicm  ;  and  therefore  S  though  properly, <?r^/;^^r/r, none 
 concii  lih^  I  •     but  Bifliops  havc  there  ((ay  \\\(zy)jusfujfragn ,  yet  ex  pri- 
 ^CMholUmm.    "^'dcgiodr  confuetudine  Cardinalls,  Abbats  ,  and  Gene- 
 ralls  of  Orders  arc  to  be  allowed  voice  5  and  that  there 
 needs  no  other  then  the  Popes  confiriiaation  in  Rome,  to 
 oblige  all  Chriftians  to  the  obfervance  of  any  he  fliall 
 hold  out  for  fuch  ,  as  Pms  4^^^  by  his  bull  ofthe  1 8  luly 
 1 564.  declared, all  in  the  Counccll  oiTrent  juris pofittvi 
 did  the  world  from  thefirft  of  CMay  before  ,  &c.    And 
 though  all  Hiftory  agree  ,  and  the  very  Councells  them- 
 felvesaiTureus,  thccaufingtiie  £4/?  and  7^^  to  meet  in 
 thofeaffemblieSjto  have  been  everdoneby  Emperours, 
 and  that  Princes  on  occafions  have  called  the  Clergy 
 within  their  eftates  together  for  compofing  difputesin 
 religionj  yet  the  bare  affirmation,without  any  real  proof, 
 hath  lo  tar  prevailed  with  fome  men  ,  as  to  cfteem  him 
 little  other  then  an  hcretick  fliall  maintain  the  con- 
 trary. 
 
 45.  But 
 
Chap.  VIII.  of  the  Church  c/England.      175 
 
 45.  But  King> have  not  lb  cnfily  parted  with  thcfc 
 rights:  for  the  State  of /'rj;y.'f  ,not\vithllanding  the  many 
 follicitarions  of  Pope,  from  abroad,  and  their  Clergy  at 
 home  ,  hath  not  hitherto  been  induced  to  approve  what 
 was  determined  at  TVca/Zj however  you  lliall  iiardly  meet 
 With  any  of  the  Roman  party,  but  he  w  ill  tell  you  that  the 
 points  of  faith  there  agreed  i.pon,are  received  in  Irrace^ 
 but  not  of  manners  ,  and  government:  which  is  in  a  kind 
 true,  vet  contains  a  notable  fallacy  ;  for  tliencclefiallicks 
 ofrhatkingdom  finding  the  difficulty  of  procuring  that 
 Councell  to  pafTe  ,  have  in  their  provincial  Synods,  f^^oc^clllus 
 "  conlpiratione  q:iaa.imyVerna  in  qutque  Dtaceji  cogenai  rin-MiQ. 
 Synodosimpctrata ,  inferted  the  greareil  part  ofthedoclii- 
 nall  points  of  it  into  thofeCouaccU^;  fo  that  it  is  truth, 
 they  are  indeed  therereceived,yetnot  for  that  they  were 
 concluded  upon  mTrcaty  butbecaufe Epifcopall  Coun- 
 cells  have  each  in  their  Diocefes  eftabliflit  what  they, 
 could  perfwade  nee  regtbus,  necfupre?nis  Parlnmentortdm 
 cur  its  J  ut  Syncdi  iHius  Qoinoncstn  acfa  fua  rcfcrrcnt ,  d" 
 ohfcrvxndos  ptihlicarent.  Neither  hath  the  Councell  of 
 FloYe'riceMvAziEuz^niHS x^^^-^oioi  L{ittrAn\\<t\^^S  In-  .      ,.   , 
 
 o  '  -  \  Sec  nil  IsiitT 
 
 Iius  the  2.  and  Leo  the  lo,  been  hitherto  allowed  by  to  cromrvtil 
 France,  or  England,  where  the  moftzealoufly  affected  to  nithfcnd  of 
 RomeyZS  S' Thom.zs Ci:oore  .h^LVC  '  maintained  thefupc-  '^]! ^7^f„^^//^„ 
 riority  of  a  gcnerall  Councell  above  the  Pope  ^  inoppo-  rxhom. 
 (ition  to  either  of  them:  thou<;h  ^  that  be  a  point  rather  Cottons 
 offaith  then  manners.     Upon  which  grounds  ,   thofe  ^  romii.  Flo- 
 Councells before fpokcn  of  didnotbind  here  ,   farther  remscjj.i'^. 
 then  what  was  in  tliem  hath  bcQa  made  good  by  provin-  ^Cw^S.  ^. 
 ciallSynods  within  the  Nation.  p.s%^.ibid. 
 
 By  all  w  hich  it  being  certain,  neither  this  Church  nor  ^<^«'^'^  /^'^'^'*- 
 Kingdomhatheverbeentycdbythe  Aftsofany  forraign  ^  Leone  lo. 
 councell  not  admitted  here,  and  being  perhaps  a  thing  stjln.p.m* 
 offomeintricacy  ,  what  determinations  the  Realm  had  /Bciiar.^r 
 received  after  the  four  firftgenerall  Councells ,  her  Ma-  condi.uh.i. 
 icftytook  thcway  ofreccivini^them  asabiblutclyncccf  upir.^.^d 
 
 Z   3  lary, 
 
17^      (tJnHiJloricdlFindicMion  Chap.lX. 
 
 in  r  Elir.  c4p.  ^^^y*  ^^^  Others  with  fuch  limitations  as  are  in  »**  the  fta- 
 t-  tutcand  for  the  future,  nothingto  beherefy ,  butwhat 
 
 (hoiild  be  determined  to  be  fuch  by  the  Parliament,  with 
 
 th'aflent  of  the  Convocation. 
 
 Chap.      IX. 
 
 Of  the  farther  proceeding  of  Queen  Eli^- 
 
 hcth  in  the  ^formation. 
 
 Hings  thus  fettled  in  i^  ffe.  the  Parliament 
 ended,  the  Liturgy  ofthe  Church, com- 
 monly called  the  book  of  Common 
 prayer,  reformed  ,  and  publiflicd  ,  the 
 zdnonei  dati  Q^ccn,  ^  foUowing  the  examples  of  her  predeceffors, 
 e^  u^hu^  ^^^^  relying  on  the  ancient  Symbols  asthedodrine  of  the 
 ejus  annexi.  CathoUck  Church,  gavc  command  the  Creed,  the  Pafer. 
 p.  ej.Le^.ca-     ^a^Y  ^^^  ^^^^  Commandements  (as  the  2;rounds  for  a 
 
 p.io^i'w^e-  Chriftianto  believe,    and  frame  his  life  after)  fliould  be 
 forecap.^.       t3U2;ht  her  fubjeds  ,    and  none  to  prefumetocome  to 
 *  '^'  ^'       the  Lords  table  before  they  could  pcrfcdly  fay  them  in 
 Engltjh. 
 
 2.  Hitherto  to  my  underftanding her  Majcfty  had  not 
 done  any  thing  not  warranted  by  the  pradifeofherpre- 
 deceffors,  nor  that  could  be  juftly  interpreted  a  departing 
 from  the  Apoftolick  faith ,  or  indeed  from  Rcmc  it  felf; 
 iCamdcn.  where  flic  kept  an  Agent,  ^  till  P-zulas  4*  *  during  the 
 Anmi.^nno  p^rji^n^ent  commanded  him  to  rclinquifli  the  title  of 
 Ambartadour,andnot  toftiroutof/?(?^;?r*  Soth.uif  there 
 were  any  departure  ,  it  muft  needs  be  the  Pope  made  it, 
 v\ot\.\\Q,EngltJlo\  (who  was  foincenfed,  hewouldnotat 
 firfl:  acknowledge  her  Queen  ,  nor  after  permit  any  from 
 her  in  the  quality  of  Ambaffador  to  refide  with  him, 
 though  flic  had  not  done  any  thing  but  according  to 
 
 the 
 
chap.  I X.    of  the  Church  c/England.     175 
 
 thcanc  ciu  rights  of  the  Kingdom  ,  and  thciifigcsoffor- 
 mci-  Priucc.\)  But  luppolc  (which  will  ncvxv  be  proved) 
 herMi'^*^  to  have  gone  farther  then  was  fit  for  aChri- 
 ftian  Prince  in  fctthng  Religion  ,  certainly  flic  had  juft 
 caiUeto  conceive  fhe  might  do  it,  having  lb  many  pre- 
 cedents of  her  ancellors  in  the  Q.\(c.XciPattLu  4^"'  breaks 
 off  all  cntercourfe  :  fome  of  his  party  tirft  would  not 
 Crow  n  her ,  then  fpake  of  excommunicating  of  herj  iu- 
 diurjities  no  Prince  but  mud  be  fenfible  of. 
 
 3.  Yctitfeems,  thefirft  hear  pad,  the  Queens  mode- 
 ration was  better  received  at  Rome  then  at  home  ;  where 
 thePope,howevera  violent  heady  man,  confideringno 
 doubt  his  own  lofs  in  breaking  offall  commerce  with  fo 
 potent  a  Kingdom ,  ^  began  to  hearken  toterms  ofac-  cTonutA 
 commodation .    and  was  content  things  fliould  (land  as  '^on/^  p.  14^. 
 they  are,  the  Q  ueen  acknowledging  his  primacy, and  the 
 reformation  from  him.  But  his  death  cnluingrche  18  Au- 
 gttfl  1559.  left  the  deligneto  be  profecutcd  byhisfuc- 
 celTor  Pins  4^"^  ^^y  hp  by  letters  (fent  by  Vincentius  Par  pa- 
 li.ty  aperfonofgreat  experience,  employed  by  Cardmall 
 Poole  in  his  former  negotiations  ,   and  oflate  in  that  hi- 
 ther, )  of  the  5^^  o\  lMaj  1 560.    dircded  charifstm^m 
 ChriJlofilU  Fliz^ahi'th^  Regin^  ^^r/glia  ,   did  affurc  her , 
 ^  omnia  dc  nobis  tiht  polite  ear  e.qudnon  modo  ad  animdttUdi  ^^^  Camdc' 
 Jahitem  conjerv  tndamjea  cttam  adatgnitatcm  rcgtam  jta-  ^„;,o  ij^fo. 
 bilien  dam  C*  confirm  an  dam -i  pro  authortlale  ,  pro  loco  ac 
 mti7iere  cnuudnoh-s  a, Deo  commt(fumfuit ,  a  nobis  deftdcra- 
 res,  &c.  Upon  this ,  and  their  relations  who  then  lived,  ' 
 
 and  had  part  in  the  adlion  ,  \)\z  EngUfo  affirm  Piusa^^^^ 
 would  have  confirmed  the  liturgy  of  the  Church  of 
 England',  and  indeedhow  can  any  imagine  other  f  for 
 doubtlcffe  nothing  could  hive  been  more  to  herdiflio- 
 nour,  then  fo  fuddainly  to  have  changed  what  fhe  had 
 with  fo  urcat  confidcration  eflabliflir  ;  and  the  Pope 
 affuring  her  ,  flie  might  promifc  her  felf  from  him  all  he 
 could  do  J  1  know  not  what  IcQe  or  other  he  could  ex- 
 pea 
 
176      ^  AnHiJloricall  Vindication  Chap.  iX.' 
 
 pcd  file  would  ask.  B  ut  where  S'^^^^^r^O^/-,  in  his 
 charge  at  IS^oriifich^  as  it  is  now  printed  ,  fayes  this  offer 
 came  from  Fius  5"" ,  I  conceive  it  a  miftake  ,  and  fliould 
 have  been  Pif^s^""'  (as  in  another  place  he  names  Cle- 
 ment  the  9.  who  yet  never  was,  for  Clement  the  8.)  and 
 the  reft  ofthe  narration  there  not  to  be  without  abfurdi- 
 ties ,  and  to  be  one  of  thofe  dcferves  the  authors  cen- 
 tVr4tit,lih.7.  ^^^^  '  whenhefays,^  there  is  no  o^ie  period  inihc  whole 
 relau  expreffed  tn  the  fort  andfenfe  that  he  delivered  it  3  for  cer- 
 
 tainly Fius  5tus  fLom  his  coming  to  the  Popedome 
 1 5  66, rather  fonght  by  raifmg  againft  her  forraign  power 
 abroad,  and  domeftick  commotions  at  home,  to  force 
 her  to  his  obedience  ,  then  by  fuch  civil  ways  as  we  now 
 fpeak  of  to  allure  her ;  though  the  thing  it  felf  is  no  que- 
 ftion  true, ho  w  ever  the  perfon  that  offer'd  ic  be  miftakcn 
 in  fome  circumftances. 
 {Paraiui.  4-    They  /  that  make  a  difficulty  in  believing  this, 
 
 Torti  c^  Toy^   object  it  to  havc been  firft  divulged  1606.  46  years  after 
 f«n;,p.24i.     ^j^^  profer  of  it.   That  S'  Edli^ard  Cook  averred  to  have 
 received  it  from  the  Queen  her  felf,not  then  alive  to  con- 
 tradidhim.  Butformypart  I  confefslfind  no  fcruplc 
 in  it,for  I  have  ever  obferved  the  wifdome  of  that  Court, 
 to  give  what  it  could  neither  fell  nor  keep  5  ^sPau/us^^^^ 
 did  the  Kingdom  oi Ireland  to  Queen  CA1.ary  ,  admitted 
 the  five  Bifliopricks  crcdcd  by  her  father ,  approved  the 
 diffolution  of  the  Monafterics  made  by  him  ,  5cc.  of 
 which  nature  no  queftion  this  was.   For  the  being  firft 
 mentioned  46  years  after  ,  that  is  not  lb  long  a  time  but 
 many  might  remember  ;   and  I  my  felf  have  received  it 
 from  fuch  as  I  cannot  doubt  of  it  ,  they  having  had  it 
 from  perfons  of  nigh  relation  unto  them  who  were 
 Sfrvifidc-    adors  in  the  managing  ofthe  bufincfle.Befides,the  thing 
 lisfubdiro      it  fclf  was  iu  cft'cd  priutcd  many  years  before  ;   for  he 
 I'^'^no'^Vwii  ^  that  made  the  anfwcr  to  Saunders  his  feventh  book 
 1  ohaiinem     de  vifihilimonarchin, h  ^yho  it  fcems  had  been  very  care- 
 payumi573.  fuUto gather  the  beginnings  ofQneen  Eliz^abcth ,  that 
 
Chap.IX   ofthe  Qhurchof^n^:xnd.       lyj 
 
 there  might  be  an  cxacl  hiflory  ofher  ,  tandem  diquando^ 
 (jui  omniA  nil  a  diltgenter  ohferv.iVit,qt4iJummis  Re: public  ^ 
 negotiis  confulto  mterfutt^  '  relates  it  thus.  i  Uid.p.^o^ 
 
 5.  That  a  noblc-nian  of  this  Country  being  about  the  7^-^^^^  i^ookit 
 beginning  of  the  Qiieens  reigne  at  Rowe ,  Pius  4^"^  asked  ^^^1^;, 
 him  of  her  Maf'^5 carting  his  audority  out  of  £«^/^«^,  bi'ttheyare 
 who  made  anlwer  that  (he  did  it  being  pcifwadcd  by  tc-  '^^''^^'^''^ 
 ftimonies  of  Scripture, and  the  laws  ofthe  realm ,  yiulUm 
 tllius ejfe  in  terra  altena  jurtfdt5lionem.  Which  the  Pope 
 feemed  not  to  believe,  herMajefty  being  wife  and  learn- 
 ed, but  did  rather  think  the  fentencc  of  that  Court  a- 
 gainft  her  mothers  marriage  to  be  the  true  caufe;  which 
 he  didpromife  notonely  to  retradt  ,  Jed  inejus gratiam 
 qu£cu?2que pojfur^i pratereafaclurum  ,  du/r/  tlU  ad  noftram 
 Ecclcfijmfe  rccipiat  y   &  dtbitum  mihi  prtwatus  titulum 
 reddat.    and  then  adds,  extant aptid  nos  articulii^bbatis 
 *  Sanftx  fulutis  manu  confcriptt^extant  Cardtnalis  Moro-  '^sanHiSul- 
 nx  //ter.e,  quibus  nobilerrt  tllum  vehementer  hortabatur ,  ut  T'^""^'/  ^^^' 
 earn  rem  nervis  omnibus  apud  regtnam  noJtramJoUtcttaret.  1 5  60.  alU 
 Extant  hodte  nobilium  nojirorum  aliquot ,  qutbus  Papa  mul-  ^'^-  ^oin 
 tt  aureorum  miUia  poUicttuseJt  ,    ut  ijtius  amictttitatque  feemstoUye 
 fkderis  inter  Romanam  cathedram  &  Elizabetham  Jcre-  ^een  em- 
 mfs'imam  author es  eflent.   This  I  have  cited  the  more  at  Pj°>^^h  [^[ 
 large,  for  that  Ciw^^;?reems  to  think,    what  the  Abbot  France ///y?. 
 of  J'fJ'4^'/^«r  propounded  was  not  in  writing,  and  be-  ^o»cil.Trid. 
 caufc  it  being  printed  feven  years  before  the  Cardinall  and  of  whom 
 Moron a^  death,  by  whofe  privity  (as  Proteftor  ofthe  En-  mention  is 
 git/h)  this  negotiation  part  ,   without  any  contradiction  J^^ifg/clrJ/- 
 li[om  Romey  there  can  no  doubt  be  made  of  the  truth  of  »4.7rooJc, 
 it.  AndalTuredly,  fome  who  have  convcniency  and  lei- 
 fure  may  find  more  of  it  then  hath  been  yet  divulged:  for 
 I  no  way  believe  the  Bifliop  of  7'^^/;;r^^e'r  would  have 
 been  induced  to  write,  \t  did  con/fare  oi  Pau/us  ^^^^  '^  nor 
 the  Queen  her  fclf,  and  divers  othersof  thofe  times, per- 
 fons  of  honour  and  worth  ,   (with  fome  of  which  I  my 
 fclf  have  fpokcnj  have  affirmed  it  for  an  undoubted 
 
 A  a  truth. 
 
jjS     ^^^  H}JloricaIl  Vindtcatwn  Chap.  IX 
 
 truth,  did  not  fomcAvhat  more  remain  (^or  at  lead  had 
 formerly  been)  then  a  fingle  letter  of  P///i  4t"s  ^  which  ap- 
 parently had  reference  to  matters  then  of  greater  priva- 
 cy. AndhcreIholditnotun\vorthya  place  ,  thatlmy 
 fclftalking  fometime  with  an  Italian  gentleman  (verft  in 
 publick  affairs)  of  this  offer  from  the  Pope  ,  he  made 
 much  fcriipleofbclievingitjbutitbcingin  a  place  where 
 books  were  at  hand  ,  I  fhew'd  him  on  what  ground  I 
 fpake, and  asked  him  ifhe  thought  men  could  be  Devils, 
 to  write  fuch  an  odious  lie,  had  it  not  been  fo.  WelKJzys 
 he)  if  this  i^ere  heard  m  Rome  amongYi  religious  men ,  it 
 ^ould  never  gaiu  credit  j  but  ivith  fuch  as  have  in  their 
 hands  the  Maneggl  della  corte,  (  for  that  was  his  cxpref- 
 fion)  /'/  ma>y  be  held  true. 
 
 6.  Indeedjthc  former  author  dorh  not  exprefle,  (as 
 perhaps  then  not  fo  fit  to  be  publiflit)  the  particulars 
 thofe  articles  did  contain  were  writ  with  the  AlDbots  own 
 hand  5  (which  later  pens  have  divulged)  but  that ,  in  ge- 
 nerall,  itfhouldbe  any  thing  lay  in  the  Popes  power,  on 
 her  acknowledging  his  primacy  :  and  certain  no  other 
 could  by  him  have  been  propounded  to  her ,  nor  by  her 
 with  honour  accepted  ,  then  that  of  his  allowing  the 
 Englijio  J  A  tm-2,y  :  fo  that  they  who  agree  he  did  by  his 
 Agent  (according  to  his  letter)  makepropofitions  unto 
 her ,  muft  inftancc  in  (bmc  particulars ,  not  diflionorablc 
 to  her  felf  and  Kingdom  to  accept,  or  allow  what  thefe 
 writers  affirm  to  have  been  them .  And  I  have  fcen  and 
 heard  weighty  confiderations,  why  her  Majcfly  could 
 not  admit  her  own  reformation  from  Rop/;c ;  Ibmc  with 
 reference  to  this  Churchathome,  as  that  it  had  been 
 a  tacite  acknowledgment  it  could  not  have  reformed  it 
 felf,  whichhadbccn  contrary  to  all  former  precedents; 
 others  to  the  State  of  Ghriftcndom  as  it  then  Hood  in 
 Scotland,  Germany ,  and  France  :  but  v/ith  this  I  have  not- 
 took  upon  me  to  meddle  here. 
 
 7.  Yet  wJuuthc  Queen  did  upon  this  melTage,  fcems 
 
 to. 
 
chap.  IX    of  the  Church  ^/^England.       I79 
 
 tohavccrivcnnovcry  ill  Qtisfaclionjtbr^S'^£^'ii^.  C/7r;^^,    iNifl.concH. 
 
 }  '      .^  I     -i'   J     I       r»  }       r  •        •         Trident.  ^nn9 
 
 thcninKome  ,  advilcd  the  Pope  the  lame  year  to  invite  1^00.^.446. 
 her  to  the  Gouncell  of  Trc?u  ,  promiiing  him  half  the 
 Kingdom  with  hci*  own  likiniz;  would  ucceive  hismcf- 
 fen  get' 5  which  yet  was  found  othcrwilc  :  the  rcalbns 
 whyjareibme  touchtby  Hiftorians,  and  may  more  at 
 large  be  fcen  mS"^  Nicholas  Throgmortons  negotiations, 
 then  her  Ambafladou  mFr.vicc.  Certainly^ the />^;;r^  ki^.p.  5:2, 
 W'erenot  altogether  out  of  an  opinion  (or  atlcall  would  i'-sii'- 
 haveitthought  lb)  ofherfcndmg  tothc  Synodj  which 
 the  Pope,  however  he  invited  her ,  was  not  a  little  trou- 
 bled at.  But  the  great  combination  of  the  Popifh  par- 
 ty ,  fupported  by  ty^nce agahift  England^  made  her  lee 
 ilie  could  expccl  no  good  where  they  were  predomi- 
 nant :  upon  which  flie  caufed  the  divines  of  her  King- 
 dom in  counceii  toconfiderof  ajuft  andlawfull  refor- 
 mation ;  who  meeting  1562,  reviving  the  Ads  of  a 
 Synod  held  at  Loiidon  ten  years  before  under  £^.the  6^^^ , 
 and  explaining fome few  exprcfrions,and  omitting  fome 
 points  rather  ofdifpute  then  faith  ,  did  conclude  on  3  9 
 articles  fojuft  ,  fomodcrate,  fo  fully  agreeing  with  the 
 doctrine ofthe  primitive  fathers,  and  with  the  ancient 
 tenets  and  praftife  of  this  very  Church  in  the  times  of  the 
 Britons  and  Saxons ,  as  if  any  fhall  fay  no  Clergy  in  any 
 age  or  place  have  held  out  a  more  exadl  rule  ,  he 
 may  be  eafilyer  contradi£led,then  juftly  blamed,  or  con- 
 futed. 
 
 8.  Forhavinglaldtheir ground, /^4/  ^  holy  Scripture  \^rt.<i 
 contai?ieth  all  things  neceffary  to  jalvation  ,  fo  that 
 Tvhatfocver  is  not  read  therein  ,  nor  may  be  proved 
 thereby  ,  is  not  to  be  required  of  any  man  ,  that  it 
 fioould  be  believed  as  an  article  of  Faith  ,  <5cc.  they 
 do  upon  that  Bafis  eftablifli  the  doftrincof  the  three 
 Creeds  ,  the  Nicen  ,  Athanallan  ,  and  Apoftles , 
 heretofore  ever  held  to  contain  Ecclefarum  omni- 
 um fidcrn  ,  and  that  the  "^  Romiflo  do^rtne  of  Purga-  m^rt.n,    . 
 
 Aa  2  tory, 
 
i8o       ^n  HiJloricallVindicatm    Chap.IX. 
 
 of  Purgatory^  Pardons,  'Vi>orJhtppmg  &  adoration  of  Images  ^ 
 relic  ksy  Invocation  of  Saints,  &c.  /j  not  Ti^arrantedhy  Scri- 
 pure,  that  is,  are  no  articles  of  faith :    and  then  proceed 
 to  fettle  fuch  other  th\n^szs  2ive  juris  poftivi,  withfojuft 
 a  moderation,  as  is  hardly  elfewhere  to  be  found ;  chan- 
 ging nothing  for  the  generall.  but  where  the  praftice  of 
 their  own  anceftors did  juftity  their  doings,  without  at 
 all  extending  themfelves  to  any  thing  where  they  had 
 not  antiquity  their  warrant. 
 
 9.  Following  which,  they reftored  the  cup,  having 
 t^Apud Oi-     the  Councell  of  C/^rw(?;?/ under  Frl?an  the  2  ,  that^  Cor- 
 
 ^T^"!!J««r  fi*^^o^^^^^^^^fi^g^i^f^g^^^^^^  accipiantur, the  com- 
 1095.  ^7^o.  mand  of**  Pafchalis  the  2 .  and  the  pradice  of  the  English 
 a-      ,  Church, where fickly  people,  women  as  well  as  men, 
 
 to.  I  z.  Anno     were  to  be  provided  of  a  pipe  to  receive  it  by-,    as  was 
 iiis.  u.2.irt  ^cxprefly  injoyned  the  order  of  the  Gilberttnes  about 
 "^^endice       ^2  00.The  thing  being  already  printed,!  need  here  repeat 
 \>  statuta  Gil'  Homorc,  but  oncly  add  ,  that  this  permiflion  of  theirs 
 bertinorum     ^y^g  ^^  Other  but  a  teftoring  to  minor es  ecclcjias ,  that  is 
 ^^f<tp*.n"v/-  Parochial  or  Country  Churches,  that  liberty  Peckham 
 deadyerfarU     had  deprived  them  ofnot  3  GO  ycarcs  bcforc.  Fori  do 
 ^iadmu?t   not  find  any  prohibition,  but  the  Lay  might  ever  have 
 lis  p.  9.  /»».  6.  been  partakers  of  it  with  us  in  major  ibus^  that  is  Cathe- 
 ^Defumma    drall  Churches;  foic  ^  LyndfiJood  in  his  glofs  upon  the 
 fid  ^Cathdi-   ^^^^^{/^  conftitutions  about  143  o,  propounds  this  que- 
 ca,  fdp.  Al-     ftion,  Sednumquid  in  if  is  ecclefeis  Cathedralibus  ,  &  aliis 
 tiflimus,  y>er-  j^ajorihuSy  lice  at  non  celcbrantibus  dum  communicant  red- 
 ccclcfus.        perefangmr/em  Chrtfti  in  fpecie  vim  ?  vidctur  ex  hac  lite- 
 ra,  quodfc^rgumentoftmpto  a  contr ario fcnfu,c[uod  efi  m 
 
 jure  for  tifimum,  ut  &c. &  hoc  bene  putarcm  verum^ 
 
 fait  em  quoad  mmijirantcs  facer  dot  i  mimfiranti  &:c . 
 rAntiqttit.  ^Q    For  the  permitting  of  Matrimony  to*thc  Clergy, 
 
 lo^.TnLan-'    ^^  ^^  undoubtcd  all  here  had  the  liberty  of  marrying ,  be- 
 franciyita.       forc  'Lanfrank  in  a Counccll at  VForceFler  1076.  did  ra- 
 
 /Hunr./o/.      ^j^^j.  advifc  then  Command  thc  contrarv ;  whichHun- 
 217, 1).  20.  •'' 
 
 tr  a.  10.       tin^ton{viho  was  himfclf  thc/fon  of  one  in  holy  ordersj 
 
 fayes 
 
Chap.  IX.    of  the  Oourch  of  England     I8i 
 
 faycs  was  firft  prohibited  by  ^^nfelm  1 1 02.    But  '  multi  '  Eadmcr.f. 
 
 presbyterorumJiAtt^taConctla  Londo^ticnjis pofl- 
 
 foncntes ^fuAsfixminas  retinebint ^  aut  certe  dux(ra?it  quas 
 trius  non  habtbant  6cc.  lb  that  his  conftitiuions  came 
 quickly  ncgleftcd,  Priclls  both  marrying  ,  and  retaining 
 
 their  wives.  At  which  though  the  King  were  fomc.  wEadmer.^. 
 
 whatdirplcafedjyetfoon  after*  he  took  apiece  of  mo-  ^°i''^'., 
 
 ney  of  them  for  it,  and  they  kept  them  by  his  leave.   Di-  i.o,a.  26. 
 
 vers  conftitutions  were  after  made  by  feverall  Archbi-  ^'^^on.  chron. 
 fhopsand  Legatsinthepoint,as  by Steph.Langtonzt  Ox-     ^^^^  «''5-^;- 
 
 ford  1222,  regiftred  by  y  Lyndivood:    : .  yet  it  is  manifeft  >  Dc  cohabi- 
 
 they  did  fccretly  contrafl:  marriage,  wliich  fome  are  of  "^'^^,.^^1^^] 
 
 opinion  they  continued  till  to  wards  the  end  of  £^ii?^rrf  crum,cr'dc 
 
 the  3  '^^  reign  .This  I  am  the  rather  induced  to  believe  out  ciciicis  coa- 
 
 oiihdiX.'m'^Knighton^rh^iX  ':Iohn de^^lithli^irlCi^xk  was  '"^co«/?rr. 
 
 (lain  by  his  wife  and  fervantin  his  ownhoufeat  Leicefler  Ct'onncA^, 
 
 1344.  forwhichfaclfhcwas burnt,  andhehanged. Now  ^'^^^^^'^'^3. 
 
 I  conceive, had  fhe  been  onely  his  concubine,  not  his  ^.ciericus* 
 
 fervant,(hehadnot  fuffer'd  by  the  judgement  of  burn-  ^pud  Lmf 
 
 ingfor  themurther,  but  hanging  onely  :  neither  can  I  -^'cZltrewhi' 
 
 interpret  the  word  cAr/i:/^/ for  other  then  one  in  holy  ther  this  were 
 
 Orders,  prohibited  marriage  by  the  Canons  of  Rome-,  ThTtownihlt 
 
 l\\on^hlknoWi large loquendo,2iS  oui^  Lyridli^3od\\dii\\\X^  wat  thusmha- 
 
 omnesin Lcclejiaad  diutnum  ojfinum  ordmati  2i\:c  fome-  ^'""^^^f''^- 
 
 times  fo  ftyled,  ^  of  which  (uch  as  were  tnfra  fubdhicona-  ^  condudo, 
 
 ///;;?  mi eht  retain  their  wives,  but  thofe  wcicm  fubdiaco-  c^p.vendcn- 
 
 /     c ' 
 
 z?^/«orabove  were  to  quit  ihem.  But  the  Canons  yet  l"'77.,!,,!e 
 remaining  made  at  fundry  times,  from  Lan frank  even  to  h  Lynd.  de 
 C/^/cA/y,  by  thcfpace  ofmorcthen  300  yeares,  enoudi  ^-"'^^  ""'^'*' 
 allure  US  this  point  or  C^//^^/ was  not  caiuy  impoled  on  ^yid^  Monalii- 
 the  f^/^///ib  Clergy,  and  afiTurcs  us  fuch.  as  laid  it  might  cum  ^rpjia- 
 take  it  off  again.  -7^^^'- 
 
 I  h.   For  Images,  ifthe  Saxons  had  any  ufc   at  all  of 
 them  in  their  Churches  (for  ornament ,  for  hiftory,  ^  lO  c  Greg  W.t. 
 which  end  S.  6'r^^(?r^  holds  they  might  be  permitted,  for  ^[^'^^-  '^°^j  ^^ 
 mcmoriallsofholy  men  departed,  (as  w^c  have  of  Lite 
 
 iLa  3  fccn) 
 
182      An  Hijloricall  Vindication    Chap.  IX. 
 
 ^midwl  '^  ^^^^^  ^  ^^^^^  ^^^"S  only  thus  applycd,  I  conceive,  c/ with 
 14.  infuml  t'^cBiihopof  J'4//j^/if^7,  the  weight ofthequeftion  not  fo 
 ^■ff.  great,)  ycr  it  was  a  thing  voluntary,  no  command  of  the 
 
 ChuLchcs  injoyningit  ,  till  after  the  Conqucft.  And 
 hcie  the  qucliion  is  not,  whether  K^ugufiinc  might  or 
 did  bring  the  pidure  of  our  Saviours  Croflc  in  his  ban- 
 ner, as  moft  Proteftants  yet  retain  it;  but  whether 
 he  placed  them  in  the  Church,  with  an  intent  to 
 have  worfhip  of  any  kind  attributed  unto  them:  for 
 v.'hichpurpofe,  I  confefle,  I  have  not  heard  of  them  till 
 many  yeares after;  forthc  vifion  of  £^7)'/;^^'/ ,  and  the 
 Counccll  of  Z(?W^;^  fetting  up  of  images  being  made 
 good  (  fo  far  as  I  know  )  by  no  author  of  any  antiquity, 
 cTo.t.Anm    1  Cannot  but  take  it  ^  WMth  i?,i^r^;;///i  for  a  meer  figment. 
 
 714.     Yl.     Z.  ^ 
 
 /Simeon  '  i2.Itis  certain/792  the  Bifliops  of  £//^/-t;^<^decIa- 
 
 Djnclm,  f«/.  red  their  diffent  from  the  fccond  Councell  of  2^^/.-^  in 
 Boycden  point  of Imagcs,  held  onely  4  yeares  before ,  according 
 fol  27,2.  b.j.  iOoDiceto:  and  where  fome  interpret  that  they  did  one - 
 Aiat.Weft.      jy  condemn  the  worihip  the  Greeks  call  >.*7f«*,  by  ufinff 
 
 Anno  791' P-       i       r  ir  •  ijiii 
 
 2gj.  the Latm  word  aaor^re  ;  it  cannot  be  dcnyed  but  they 
 
 g  Anno  788.  did  rejedthat/^  ^imruh  ^^o-yjjy,7jy  the  Orientall  Biiliops  had 
 ^anlojlTmi.  cft'i^liflicd,  in  which  fcufc they  ufed  the  w o\:d  adorare  y 
 p.w.io.58.  which isoften  ,aswellin  holy  writ  as  by  humane  aiT- 
 h  Coned. gen.   thors, taken for that revcrcnce is  Giivcn  a crcatutc  ,  asfor 
 
 J^m.  Synod.       ,  ;.    .  ,  ,  i      t^-    •        >  r    •    n      /- 
 
 7.p.66j, //».  the  religious  duty  we  only  owe  to  the  DivmeMajelty:(ec 
 «lt'  Gc'rz.  xx'iii,  7,  12.  ingulphus  y  a  Writer  not  loiTg  after, 
 
 wilnguiph.  *»Conftantinopolim  fervcnimus  ,  ubi hlc^dvaimpcratO" 
 17.  ^^^'^'  rem  ador antes  (5cc.So  Arundell'va  his  conftitutionS;^  a^o- 
 "  Lyndwood   rationcm  cruets glortofa, 
 
 NuJiurqiro-  1 3  .To  this  narrative  "  Harpsfieldz^wzs  the  title  oicom- 
 ouc.  mentltici  &  tnfulfdfabuU,  and  thinks  it  not  writ  by  Sim. 
 
 c/'''*^''  ^'.      l^'-^nelmenfis  ovJHat .VFeJimtnJler'^he  might  have  added 
 o^intbiioihc-  Hovcde;^, thcMs.  ''hiftory  oiRoeheftcr,)  but  that  it  was 
 4:^  cotton.        anciently  inferred  into  them.  For  anfwer  to  which,  he 
 wouldbedcllredtopioduceany  one  old  copy  without 
 it,  not  mangled,  tod£>'\idoihprodereJt4rtHm  by  wanting 
 
 it; 
 
Chap.lX.  of  the  Ujurch  oj^n^.^wd.       185 
 
 it:  I  have  icon  divers  oi  Hove  den  Mis.  fomc  of  o1/.i//^. 
 IVt'Jl.  but  never  did  one  wherein  it  was  not  found  ,  not 
 in  the  margin  but  in  the  text  ic  felf,  andfo  it  is  in  Bunel- 
 rncnfis  his  Ms.  at  Boi'aet  Colledgc  in  C.x'mhrtdge.  For  my 
 parc,I  do  not  know  how  any  thing  we  miflikc  in  Hiftory, 
 may  not  after  this  manner  be  rejected  ,  if  a  relation  ga- 
 thered from  monuments  ofanelderdatc  ,    which  arc 
 -periflit ,  yet  cited  by  one  who  hved  not  fo  long  after  the 
 time  he  fpeaks  of,but  they  might  well  come  to  his  hands, 
 whom  we  find  very  finccre  in  fuch  citations  as  yet  re- 
 main out  of  more  old  authors  then  himfelf ,  ever  cfteem- 
 cd  of  2;ood  credit  in  the  Church  of  God  ,  and  in  his  nar- 
 ration  followed  di  verbum  by  thofc  who  writing  of  the 
 iamc  matter  fuccecdcd  him,  Iconfefle,  1  fay,  if  this  may 
 be  cad  away,  as  a  lying  &  foolifli  fable,  1  know  not  what 
 fhall  gain  credit.  But  what  will  men  not  lay  hold  on  in  a 
 defperatfliip wrack  :I  remember  ?Barcnius  prcft  with  the  p^cj.  lo. an- 
 l^t(.imor\\ oiLt{itpra72dtis  in  the  dcpofition  oi lohfz  the  "r^*^'' V''  - 
 1 2.  by  imperiail  auclority,  makes  no  qucltion  of  denying 
 the  five  lart  chapters  ofhis6.bookto  have  been  written 
 by  him ,  though  never  doubted  for  more  then  6oo  years 
 lincc  he  lived. 
 
 14..  Another  ^Doctor,  I  confcffcfeems  to  give  a  more '7^.j^^^3''^ 
 difficult  objedion;that '  ^^UuinuSy  who  is  faid  to  have  ^Tr^^chlC 
 writ  againd  the  fecond  iV/r.^;^  CounccU  in  the  point  of  cedon.  F/orej 
 Images,  doth  in  \\\shookde divmis  ojpciis  (Ay^froHcrrn-  ^"^'  '^"^^'^* 
 muY  cor  per  e  Ante  crucem,  me?ite  tX/itc  DctniC'^   've?urap97uy  p. 'i^j. 
 
 crucc',7ipcr  qUiini.  redcmpt:  fumns  tS:c.  and  tiiis  froman  au-  ^'  ^'  P'vm»o  . 
 1      I    J       •  •   n. T  u  \AU        -1      oijictps^du Po- 
 
 ther had  written  againlt  Images,  he  would  have  imply  a  y^ff^y^ 
 
 veneration  ofthem(even  in  his  time  who  oppofed  them) 
 
 by  the  Englijh  Church.    But  Vv'hat  hath  the  reverence  of 
 
 the  CroOc  to  do  with  the  v/orfliip  of  Images  ?  It  is  not  to 
 
 be  denyed  but  Chriftians,  in  their  talk  :i\\L\  writings ,  did 
 
 cxtoU  and  magnifie  the  Croffe, forced  thereunto  by  the 
 
 Gentiles,  who  fpakeignominioufly   of  him   that  dyed 
 
 npon  itj  yet  I  believe  it  will  be  diilicult  xo  flicw  any  Law 
 
184-      e>/;/  HiJloricaliFindication    Chap.IX. 
 
 or  Canon  before  the  C  onqneft  >injoyning  the  ufe,  much 
 IcQc  that  attributed  any  religious   worfliip    unto   I- 
 
 mages. 
 
 ^^^^^11  1).  Itis  true,  the/ Councell  of  Cf//V/^///6  8i6.    did 
 
 Spelm.  cif,2.  charge  umcuique  Eptfeopo  ,  ut  habeat  depiclam  tnpirtete 
 1 1'^-  or  at  or  li,  aut  m  tabuLi,  velettam  in  altaribtis,  quibusfancfts 
 
 Jlntutraquededtcata  ,  &c.  which  was  clearly  for  memo- 
 riall  and  ornamentj  as  bt  hath  been  very  common, in  fomc 
 Churches ,  to  have  on  the  wall  the  Image  of  Queen  Eli- 
 ;c,/2^^/^,andruch  as  have  built  an  IQeor  window, to  have 
 their  ftatue  or  pifture  fet  up  in  it,  which  in  fome  parts  per- 
 haps remain  to  this  prefent ;  yet  no  man  ever  held  any  re- 
 ligious duty  fit  to  be  given  them,  nor  any  man  compell'd 
 to  fet  them  up.     Now  that  there  was  no  precept  of  the 
 (Inftitutio-     Church  commanding  their  ufe,  I  fpeak^  from  the  rules 
 ncs  Mfs.bca-  oi Sempringhamdboxxt  1 148.  that  doubtlefle  did  not  va- 
 f  ^ctioimn    ^y  '^^om  the  generall  pradife  of  Chriftians  here  ,  yet  hath 
 c;uspercapi-  thisexpreffc ftatutCj  Sculptur^velpi5iuraf»perfluainEC' 
 tulagcnera-    clefiis nojlrts  feii  in,  officmts  altquibus  MonAJlerii  ne  fiant 
 dc  exordio, '  interdiciTHUS ^  quia  dum  talibus  intenditurt  utUitas  bona  me- 
 ordiiutio-      dititionis  veldtjciplina reltgtofegravitatis  fape  negligitur: 
 ncinftitutio-  cruces  tamenpiElas  qt4£  Tuat  Uz^e^  habemus.    So  that  it 
 Canonico-     fccms  to  me  they  did  account  all  pidures  fo  fuperfluous 
 rum,  Sanfti-  ^5  not  tohavc  them, but  oucly  painted  croffesi^Jc  this  was 
 ftatmm  sT     ^ue  of  the  firft  foundation  .And  in  another «  place,  which 
 fororum  lai-  I  take  to  bcfomcwhat  after ,  the  buying  of them  and  filk, 
 carum  ordi-    ^^  thino;s  indifferent ,  are  alike  interdicted  •  yet  a  diredion 
 ^mgh.im.de    how  to  bcftow  any  thing  of  that  nature  ihouid  be  left 
 cMoniciscaf.    [hem  :  but  fee  the  words  5  ISljJoilde  fericoermtur  a  nojlris 
 puree.  velde  nosiro  ad  noHrorum  opus^  veladaliquid  religtoni  con- 
 
 u  Df  fratribHs  trarium,  &feculi  vanitatibus  amminiculum ,   nee  etiam  ad 
 '^^* '  ^  *  quodlibet  facer  dot  ale  indumentum  ,   nificonfict  ejfe  neceffa- 
 
 rtum  :  Stvero  dxtur  s  fecundim  arbitriumVrions  or/zni- 
 umcommuniuttUtati&  ufuimancipetur.  hoc  idem  deX - 
 coniis  T'e'/<2///ifculptilibus^/V/w«j  ,  qux  adbeat^  Manx 
 Vtrgmis  velaliorumfan^ortim  funt  fabricata  mcmortam ; 
 
Chap.. IX  of  the  Church  (^^England.     1S5 
 
 qu.t t Amen gr.it ts  ^  grata,  front  defcncofr x(iiximt4s  ,  ad  *<r/cM/j. 
 forortim altar e ,  vel hofpttium ,  vclalto apto  loco  honestepo-  ]^^^lfl^ Yt\T 
 r^endadeccr?iimus.So  that  it  is  apparent  then  their  ufe  was  mother  pUca 
 ctkcmcd  no  otherthcn  that  of  lilk;  andthcfe  two  arti-  ['*0"«»"^{^ 
 clesfecmtohave  been  refolved  on  nigh  the firftfounda-  r^^ecua. 
 tion  (being  in  an  hand  differing  from  fomc  other  I  fliall 
 mention)  by  the  Founder  himfclf. 
 
 16.  In  the  year  i  200  the  houfc  ofsixle  or  SixhiUiw 
 Lincoln/hire  was  vifited  by  the  Abbat  of  "^  Waredune  ,    as  *  Warden  or 
 Commiflionerof^C*//^^  the  PopesLegatj  where  about  20  ^^fnQ,'^^^^yl\f 
 articles  were  concluded  for  the  government  of  the  Or-  ikCiiUr- 
 der:  the  fifth  of  which, though  itgave  fomemorchbcrty 
 then  the  former,  yet  was  not  without  reftraint ;  but  take  Jhi 
 it  from  an  hand  of  thofc  times.   f^nnograti£]Acc  invi-  ^Qii^^;f  ^^^^r 
 fitalionefa^a  de  S'lxV  per  Abbat  em  de"^  diX.d\Xn  aucioritate  ^/^^^  o,;.^  0,4; 
 Domim  Otonis  Legatijlatutafunt  h,u  fir  miter  obfervanda,  a/.f  cardinMl, 
 
 lian  Order  in 
 Bedford- 
 irc. 
 
 i«  Sep- 
 
 227, 
 
 Ir^primis,  6cc.  c^p.  S.  Item inhibeturncpicltirarum  vane  J^'^l^  [ 
 tas  ant  flip erfinit^s  fctilfitur arum  dc  cdtero  fieri  permit t a- 
 tur yr^ec liceat alicubi  jconias haberi ,  necimagines , prater 
 ymaginemSalvatoris y&  y .beatx  Marix  ,  &  Sancit  johan- 
 m'i  Evangel! fix.  Hitherto  queftionleffc,  the  Church  of 
 f/^^/.z/z^following  the  dodrine  of  J  S^  Gregory  ^h^id  been  y  Libo.E^tfl, 
 taught  by  teftimoniesof  holy  wnt^th^Lt  omne  manufia^um  9indm.^. 
 ndorare  non  liceat  ;  and  though  they  might  be  lawfully 
 made^yet  by  all  means  to  avoid  the  w  orfliip  of  them  ;buc 
 fee  the  progrefs. 
 
 17.   Sixty  eight  years  after  this,  Othobon  ,  being  the 
 PopesLegat  in  E-ngland^  did  in  his  own  perfon  vilit  the 
 chiefhoufc of  this  Order ,  and  committed  theothcrsto 
 r.odulphus  dcBwatedune  ,  the  faid  Cardinalls  Chaplain, 
 and  penitentiaryjwho  affociatingtohimfelfone  Richard 
 "^  grencrall  inquifitoroftheOrderof  i'^w?/>//;;«^/7.?w,diclin  *'^''^<T.u'r 
 thcyeari268.  conclude  upon  74  or  7  5. heads  or  chap-  ,,;jjescm- 
 tersforthe  government  of  them;  the  5  4  of  which, under  piing'iam 
 the  title  deymagintbtiS  habendis,  is  this  :  fcmuiQrc. 
 
 Item  J  ciimyftct4ndHm]Q\\:iWx\zm  Damafccnum,^'/7;^g/- 
 
 B  b  ?us 
 
i86      AnHiJloricdlVindicdtion   Chap.  IX. 
 
 nis  ho?ioY  adprototypuWy  id  cjly  ad  cum  eujus  ejljmago  per- 
 tvacatyddtriJiantiamCMoninlium  3   &  earumdevotionem 
 ferventius  excitandam ,  concedunttit  eisymagines  cruafixi 
 &beat£  CMirU  C^/i;«r?/]ohannis  Evmgelijlit ,  &  quod 
 yoj^nit  habere  in  quolibst  alt  art  dedicato  ymagmem  tffius 
 fanBi  in  cujus  honor  e  alt  are  dedicatum  eji.  St  tamen  gratis 
 dctur  eifdem  ,  Jicutbeatus  "^  G.  defer ico  &  de ymaginibus 
 *Gi  hcruM.      duxttjiatuendum  ,   &  celehretur  tpfo  die  fejiivitatistlltus 
 fan[ft  ,  &  die  dedicatio7:is  ejufdcm  alt  arts ,  mijfa  ad  dicta 
 altaria  ,  eiiamji  fmt  infra,  claufuram  monialium.    Thus 
 thev. 
 
 18.  Eywhichltismanifeft  ,  this  Kingdom  had  not 
 *  co«n7  Ni-  then  received  "^the  7^^  Councellj  for  ifthey  had,  there 
 #?«.!.  can  be  no  thought  they  would  have  built  their  Article 
 
 upon Z)4w^y?^;^j opinion  onely.  Butbyallthefcwemay 
 fee ,  Images  were  brought  into  this  Church  by  degrees, 
 by  httle  and  little  :  Firft  they  were  to  have  none ,  onely 
 wooden  croffes  were  toleratedj  then  they  might  not  buy 
 ar-y,  but  being  given  they  might  accept  the  image  of  our 
 Lady  and  other  Saints;  then  an  inhibition  of  all  Saints,  ex- 
 cept our  Saviour ,  the  Blcjfed  Virgin ,  and  S'^  lohn  the  E- 
 vangelift  ,  to  which  was  added  the  image  of  that  Saint 
 their  Altars  were  dedicated  unto, and  thefe  onely  by  con- 
 ce{rion,notbought,  but  given.    So  that  it  is  plain,  they 
 were  then  taken  for  things  onely  indifferent  ,    asfilk  , 
 which  they  might  ufe  or  be  without  ,    noproceflions, 
 bowings,  kiffing,  Sec.  ofthemprefcribed;  but  how  the 
 praCtife  was  afterward ,  that  chapter  of  y^r/^;;^r//rcgiftrcd 
 by  ZjyW'a^Wmay  tell  you,  which  becaufc  it  is  long,   I 
 fhall  not  farther  repeat,  it  being  printed, then  to  addc  that 
 it  isinhim,lib.5.de/^^|[//?m,cap*  Tiullusquoquc  and 
 awood  i^^^other  place  he  propounds  this  qucftion  ,   ^  7ium- 
 de  Eccic-fus      oiuidymago  Chnfk'ift adorap^da  cultu  latriji  ^  and  rcfolves, 
 ^iifica-niiica.^.  jl  f^Q^^jl^^y^^ny  utymago^tuno  quia  idem  motus  cfi  tn  jmagi- 
 
 Ki^f rto  Ima-  g^^cm  in  quantum  eftjmago  & ymaginatum  ,    unus  honor 
 j;iQis.  debetur  jmagini&  ymagif^fito-^  &  tdco  cum  Chriftus  U- 
 
 tria 
 
Chap.  IX.    of  the  Church  ^England .      187 
 
 tria  adore tur ,  ejus  ima'ro  dtbctfimiliter  Utna  adorari .  Nee 
 ohjlat  Exod.  XX vi .  tibi  dicttur  ,  ?ion  facie s  tihiytndginem  ncc 
 fculptam  fimilitudinem  ;  qti'iA  illud  fro  eo  terrtpore  crat 
 prohibitum  c[UQDeus  hu??)anam?iatur am  ?io7i  ajj'umpfcrat^ 
 
 19.  The  Synod  at  Wejlminfler  finding  things  in  this 
 pofturc ,  and  their  retention  in  many  parts  to  have  been 
 joyned  with  a  great  abufe,  if  not  impiety ,  took  a  middle 
 courre;firft  to  condemn  all  manner  of  adoration  or  wor- 
 (hip  of  them,  (a  nd  therefore  every  Sculpt  He  had  been  re- 
 moved out  of  Churches)  but  whereas  fome  ufe  might  be 
 made  of  them  for  remembrance  of  hiftories  pad  ,  to  re- 
 tain in  fundry  parts  fuch  windows  and  piclures ,  as  might 
 without  oifence  inftruft  the  ignorant  in  feverall  paffages 
 not  unworthily  prcferved:  which  if  any  man  havefincc 
 been  offended  at,  it  muft  be  on  other  grounds  then  I  un-  • 
 derftand. 
 
 20.  As  they  proceeded  with  this  clrcumfpeclion, not 
 
 to  depart  from  the  primitive  Church  in  mzncts jur is poji-  a  lohan.  Sa- 
 tivi^Co  did  they  take  no  lefs  care  in  points  of  opinion ;  for  ^'^^-  ^f  "^• 
 having  declared  which  were  the  books  of  holy  Scripture>  is^AVaide'a- 
 they  did  not  abfolutcly  rejecl  the  ufe  of  the  other, though  ^^  fom.  i  .Uh. 
 they  had  been  ^  taught  by  the  doftrine  ^  of  S^  Hterom  l^^[\^'fii!' 
 and  c  S^  Gregory^  not  to  repute  them  in  Canone  y  but  to  203.  a.  col.z. 
 admit  them  quiafidem  &  religionem  ddtfcant  ,  or,   as  ^'^'^- ^'^"^^• 
 they  ^  (2.)% for  example  of  life  ^andinJiru[lio?i>  of  manner  s ,  hrr.'fat.m 
 
 21.  For  praying  to  Saints,howevcr  the  i';2,v^;/i  might  proverhsah- 
 honor  holy  men  departed,  r(?r«////  dileclio-nis  &  focteta-  T^^^^  c?' 
 tis  quo  & m  hac  vitaioluntur  homines^  as  ^  S.  K^ugujline  c s. Grc^or. 
 fpcaks,  (which  what  it  is  he  explains  elfewhere)  yet  lam  ^^^^^^•^'^' 
 hardly  perfwaded  to  think  they  did  admit  any  publick  a  ^ruo. 
 praying  to  them  in  the  Church ;   for  I  have  (cen  and  per-  ^(^ontrx  Fun- 
 ufed  three  ancient  Saxon  Plalters  full  of  prayers ,   but  no  {iichxutnUb. 
 one  petition  to  any  Saint  whatlbever.  f  Eadmerus  laves  :o.c<p.ii. 
 the  report  went  of  r^'"  the  fccond  ,  t\\:it  crederet  ,  6"  7;^.;    .    . 
 fublfc^  voce  ajjereret ,  nullum j ana  or  um  cutquam  apud  De-  u 
 
 B  b   2  uw 
 
188       ^A}i  Hi/loric all  Vindication    Chap  JX, 
 
 umpo[feprodeJfe-:i  &  ideo  necfe  velle ,  ncc  aliquem  fasten  - 
 tern  dcbcre  beatum  Petrum  inter fefiare :  yet  he  doth  not 
 
 ghiCxmn.      cenfurethisashereticall,  but  onely  ;i;;^;^m  ^Z^//^.  5  Ga- 
 
 MijjxUn.i.  ^^^^/^;^/iong after  confcffeth hi  his  time,  fomc  Chrifti- 
 ans  as  well  as  Hereticks  were  deceived  ,  in  thinking 
 Saints  departed  ?7ob:s  auxiliarimc  meritis  fojfunt  nee  pre- 
 
 .-.  Auguft.ffe  ctbus.  The  Church  of  £;^^/^W  therefore,  folio  wins.'.  S. 
 
 cap.  55.V1.  c^^^^^^y?/^^^>  condemns  all  religious  invocation  of  them, 
 as  thofe  were  ;^<7w  adorandi propter  reltgionem ;  yet  in  re- 
 fped  they  were  honor andi  propter  mitattonem ,  to  retain 
 theircommemoration,  by  appointing  a  fet  fervice  for 
 the  dayes  on  which  it  celebrated  their  memorialls;therc- 
 by  to  provoke  us  to  imitation  oftheir  piety,and  to  thank 
 God  that  left  fuch  lights ,  who  by  their  doftrine  inftru- 
 fted  us,  and  whofe  lives  were  examples  for  us  to  follow  .* 
 and  in  refpe£t  there  are  fundry  Saints  for  whom  there  is 
 no  proper  office,  to  retain  one  day  to  praife  God  for  the 
 generality  of  all,  and  beg  of  him  that  we  may  follow 
 their  pattern  in  all  vcrtuous  and  godly  living.  This  if  any 
 midike  ,  I  intreathimtopardon  meif  I  joyn  not  with 
 
 Grxco?u'm     him;  and  if  he  will  add  morc,  to  give  mc  leave  to  think 
 
 in  fafciculo     he  attributes  to  them  (by  what  name  fo  ever  he  ftyle  it  ) 
 
 Zizaniomm    ^j^^^  -^ Q^ely  duc  to  the  Diviuc  Majefty. 
 
 TbomamWaU  22.  "Fot  Purgatory,  howeveritmight  be  held  a  pri- 
 danf.foi.  i5<s.  yate  opiuion,  yct  ccrtaiuly  as  an  Article  of  Faith  it  could 
 bibHothcoj  notbe;  for  the  Cr^^^i,  who  have  ever  ^  conftantly  dc- 
 Archiepifc.  nycd  it,  wcrc  in  communion  with  the  Church  of  Rome 
 ^xT'^'^t;   •     till  ^  1 2  3  8 .after  which  onely  they  besian  to  be  accounted 
 
 I  Mat.  Pans      r  \  y  r  \    r        i 
 
 hilJ.nt'mor.Mf.  ichifmaticks,  not  lo  much  for  their  opinions,  as  deny- 
 ^nn.izij.  ingfubjcQion  to  the  See  ofi?^;;^r;forlbmeof  them  co- 
 Vide Hifl'.  ma>  niing to  Rome  iis^^de articHlis fidei  &fAcramentis  fidci 
 jor.^nno  J}itis  tolerahiliter  refponderunt :  fo  that  queftionlcfle  the 
 lil^'l*'*^^'  Hiftorian  could  not  then  hold  Pur2;atory  an  Article  of 
 A  Mar.  Paris.  Faith,  when  thofc  who  did  afhrm  JSjf/Ium  Purgatorium 
 Niff.major.p.  ry?,  did  give  a  tolerable  account  oftheir  Faith.   Our  Di- 
 
 ilin.zx.       vines  therefore  charge  thcfc  opinions '  oncIy  as  fond  in-' 
 
 ventionSf^ 
 
Chap.IX     o/>/r  (7;//rr/;c/ England.    i89 
 
 mentions,  groti/ided  on  7%Q'VciAY7i'ritofScrif>tu,re^  b:tt rather 
 repngnanttothei^ordofGod',  thatis,aslhavc  laid  before,  m  .^rt.  if. 
 they  deny  them  to  be  Articles  ot  fairh.  "^  ^'^^  Jicilat- 
 
 23.  Inlikcmanncrjliavingfirll  »»declaredthe  bread  char'.iib.^^up. 
 we  break  in  the  holy  Communion  to  be  a  partaking  of  z^.^jccuudt 
 thcbody  ofChrift,  andtliecnpofblcflingof  his  bloud,  Q^Ltber-^tio- 
 thcycenfure  Tranfiibftantiation  ,  or  the  change  of  the  luorumfeymo^ 
 fubftanceofbread  and  wine,  as'' what  is  not  proved  by  »"^p^r  annum 
 holy  writ,  and  therefore  no  Article  of  faith  drc   And  in-  jj' **"  ^* 
 deed  how  could  they  fay  leffe  of  fo  doubtful!  a  tenet,  fo  p  f^<^r.  Hif}. 
 newly  crept  in,  that  had  burntfo  many,  was  fo  contrary  fil[^/^\^/',  ^ 
 to  the  ancient  dodrine  even  ofthef;?^///??  Church,  as  the  p.  91. 
 J'^^o;?  Homily  yet  remaining  in  an  old  Mfs,  with  this  ti-  ^if^^^^^^u  ., 
 tie,  °  K^book  ofCAtholick  fermons  to  b:  repeated  each  year ,  H^rcticis 
 doth  undoubtedly  ailurc  us?  it  is  true,  fome  of  late  have  ^mmunis 
 ftrovcto  givcananfwer  to  it;  as  he  that  ftylcd  himfelf  l-.Tl",:^,'^  ^' 
 pBifh.  ofC^^/ffij/^«  will  have  the  author  perhaps  to  have  ubihanc  in- 
 been  an  hcrctick;  but  that  the  time  and  title  confutes ,  all  J^^'^IT  ':^'^^^' 
 
 ■  /        r        L  J  r         r  ,  III  Britombiii 
 
 3  writers  agreemgf;^^/^;?^  to  have  been  tree  from  any  he-  :,acio  poiTc- 
 refyafter  S.  Gregory,  tillabouttheyear  1 1 66. Ifthat there-  ^'^^-^ngiomm, 
 fore  wilinot  do,  iiehath  another ,  ^iz..  the  Sermon  to  ^ritmnia\^ 
 make  more  for  Tranfubftantiation  then  what  the  Prote-  ^ngiu  dicc- 
 teftants  cite  doth  affainft  it:  yet  is  filcnt  both  where  th^  ictur,  nulhus 
 words  are  m  It, and  who  are  the  citers  of  them.  For  my  ca  pedis  hx- 
 pait,  to  fpcak  once  for  all,  take  the  whole  Homily  as  it  i^fticoe  virus 
 
 1-  '  ^  c  1  1  J   T    1        J         cbullivit  :fcd 
 
 UC5,  not  one  piece  torn  h*om  the  other,  and  if  the  do-  neciaeum 
 
 ftrinc  of  it  be  fuchas  he  can  digefl ,  I  know  not  why  we  aliunde  ufq; 
 
 differ.  As  for  thofe  two  miracles,  which  fomc  diflike  ^^  tempora 
 r  r  r        1  1  r  -^^^^gis //t';;n- 
 
 lo  tar  as  to  thuik  thcm  infarced  into  the  work,  Iconfefs  dfccundi— 
 
 tbemnot  todifpleafemeatall;  for  if  they  were  inferred  '""oivit. 
 
 to  prove  the  verity  of  Chrilts  body  m  the  Sacrament,   a-  c^^ny^  ,^^p^ 
 
 gainftthofcwho  held  it  bare  bread  ,  yetitmufl:  be  after'  ii.rK^.^VU^- 
 
 Inch  aghoftlyandfpirituall  manner  as  is  there  reprefcn-  ^"iJI^  Z/^-^^'' 
 
 ted,  without  any  other  change  in  the  fubftance  of  the  p.  no.      ^• 
 
 bread  and  wine  then  is  in  the  water  of  Baptifm,  >•/?.  3  3-  \^^'^'^"'l^    , 
 
 not  bodily  but  ghoftly /^r^.  38.  36.  a  remembrance  ino^n^o, 
 
 Bb  3  of. 
 
190    (tAuHiJloricall  Vwdicatton    Chap.lX/ 
 
 of  Chrijls  body  offered  for  us  on  the  Crofs.  p,  46. 
 
 24.   And  this  may  fei'vefoL'anfwer  to  that  his  x^chiU 
 /f^,by  which  his  doftrine  of  Tranfubftantiation^w^;?//?- 
 Malms!(ff      Jlius  -pAtehit  ,    of  Odo  Archbifliop  oiCanterbury  about 
 po«;.  iih.i.  in  940. converting  miraculoufly  the  Eucharift  in  for  mam 
 ^I'l  V?6.      ^^r;?//,  ad  convincendum quofdam  ,  qui  fuo  tempore  ccepe- 
 runt  de  ea  duhitare :  to  which  I  fhall  firft  remember ,  that 
 when  ^  S^  K^uzuflmevrzs  preft  with  certain  miracles  of 
 Eccief.  cA^.i6.  Donatus  and  P^»///^j, which  tlie Donatiiis  urged  to  prove 
 tQm.7,  the  truth  of  their  dodrine,  he  gives  this  anrvver,i?^«^(7- 
 
 veantur  tjia  ve  I  figment  a  mendacium  hominum^  velporten^ 
 tafdUctumfpirituum  5  ant  enim  nonfunt  vera.  quA  dicun^ 
 tury  autjih^reticorum  altquamirafaBafunt:,magisca,verc 
 debemus  j  and  after  a  learned  difcourfe,he  tells  offomein 
 the  Gatholick  Church  had  happened  in  the  time  of 
 S^'LAmbrofc2iX.LPliilan  y  upon  which  he  gives  this  grave 
 cenfure,  ^uACunque  talta  in  catholicafiunt ,  tdeofunt  ap- 
 probanda^quta  in  catholtca  f>unt  5  non  ideo  ipfa  mamfejlatur 
 catholic  A ,  quia  h^c  in  enfiunt,    Jpfe  Bominus  Jefus  cum  re^ 
 furrexijjet  k  mortuis^  &  difcipulorum  0 cutis  vtdendum  mx" 
 nibujque  tdngendum  corpus  Juumojfer ret  ,  nequidtamen 
 fallaciafi  pati  arbitrarentur^magis  cos  tejlimoniis  Legis  d^ 
 Prophetarum  d^  Pfalmorum  confirmandos  ejjejudi cavity 
 oflendens  ea  defe  tmpleta ,  qu^fuerant  tanto  ante  pradi^ta, 
 &c.  and  a  little  after  ,HocinLcge&  Prophetis  &  Pfalmis 
 tejlatus  eFiyhoc  ejus  ore commendatum  tenemus ,  Hac  funt 
 caujdt  nojlrx  document  a  ,  h.u  fundament  a  ,  h^c  firma- 
 menta, 
 
 2  5 .  To  apply  this  to  our  cafe;  the  Church  Catholick 
 
 hath  ever  held  a  true  fruition  of  the  true  Body  oichriji 
 
 in  the  Eucharift  ,  and  not  of  a  figne ,  figure  ,  or  remem- 
 
 uF?aeCha-    brancc  onely,but  as  the /'r^;^^^  confelTion,  ^  que  par  U 
 
 ^rAmentiilih.    "^^^tue  fccrcte  &  incomprehenfibU  de  fon  Efprit  ,  //  nous 
 
 I©.  f<«f.  1. 2.  nourrit  &  vivifie  de  lajubjiance  de  fon  corps  &  de  fon  fang  y 
 
 &c .  and  therefore  we  can  agree  to  thefe  vcrfcs : 
 
 Chrijl 
 
Chap.  IX.     ofdc  Church  of  England.    191 
 
 Chrtft  l».is  the  Word  that /pake  it. 
 He  todk  the  Bread  a}id brake  it : 
 ^^?id  as  th.it  Word  Aid  make  it , 
 So  I  believe  and  take  it. 
 Here  is  then  a  Catholick  Sermon ,  commanded  to  be 
 read  in  the  Church  many  years  before  the  word  Tranjub- 
 y?.z«///t//^»washcard,  asthcdoclrincofit,  teaching  me 
 this  participation  with  Chrijl ,  however  true,  yet  is  not 
 flcflily^but  fpirituall :  if  therefore  this  miracle  were  not 
 to  convince  thofe  held  the  communicating  oi  Chrijl'iw 
 the  Sacrament,  to  have  been  no  other  then  fantafticall , 
 and  the  bread  to  have  been  ,  and  conveyed  no  other  to 
 us  then  bare  bread  ,  muft  not  I,  according  to  S'  ^^ugu^ 
 Jtine ,  avoid  it  as  the  fancies  of  lying  men ,  or  the  opera- 
 tion ofdeceivingfpirits  \  6c c.  And  this  as  it  may  fcrve  in 
 generall  for  all  miracles, fo  in  particular  for  that  ot  late  di- 
 vulgedjofa  poor  mans  legg  cutoff  in  i'^^/;?  and  buried, 
 yet  four  years  after  rcftorcd.-  wIulIi  if  it  be  notfomeim- 
 pofture,  as  the  golden  tooth  in  Silefiay   ox.  oiK^rnald 
 Tilly [tdkzw'm Francis iho,  2^* time  not  onely  by  others  , 
 but  by  the  very  wife  of  Martin  Guerre  Sox.  her  hubband , 
 and  which  held  the  Parliament  of  jholous  fo  much  per- 
 plexed to  refolve)  we  muft  not  (according  to  this  holy 
 mans  dodlrine)  believe  for  that  or  any  of  the  like  nature, 
 fartherthenisprovedbytheLaw  and  the  Prophets,  6cc. 
 Yet  there  is  one  thing  in  my  opinion  very  confiderable ; 
 what  the  Apoftles  did,  were  fuch,and  in  thofe  places,  no 
 man  could  deny  them  :  but  thefe  the  Church  oiKome 
 holds  out  for  confirmation  of  their  religion,  are  either  in 
 corners,  as  Garnets  Face  in  the  Eare,  with  fo  dark  proofs, 
 as  when  they  arc  looked  into,  res  tota  cum  contemptu  di- 
 miJ]aeJi\Ox  elfe  donein/Z/r/^jOr  ^/>^/>;,wheretheInquifi- 
 tion  will  fuffer  none  but  themfelves  to  examine  the 
 fa£t  :  whereasif  they  followed  fh' Apoftles   example, 
 they  fhould  be  in  England  or  Germany  ,  that  the  Pro- 
 tcftants  might  fay ,  indeed  a  notable  miracle  hath  been  done 
 
 by 
 
192     An  HijloricAllVindtcmon    Chap. IX. 
 
 by  our  Lady,  is  manifij}  to  all ,  a::d  Ti^e  cannot  deny  it , 
 Aclsiiij.  16. 
 ^  26.  3c  Another  will  have  that  homily,  at  leaftwhathc 
 
 abides  tosr'  takcs  on  him  to  confute  ,  to  contain  no  other  then  Ca- 
 Hamfrcjr       tholick  docli'incj  and  then  fallsupon  the  Archbifhop  of 
 \V^  c'^'       {^r  mac  h, whom  he  conceives  to  have  ill  tranflated  it  out 
 of  the  Latin  ,  in  which  language  there  is  not  now  found 
 yr-  ^'^I'Cdp,  anyancientcopyofit  5  j  infilling,  that  though  it  were 
 p. §10.         pnntcd  uLof^do^  162s.  it  was  not  to  be  heard  of  when 
 he  writ  ,  which  was  about  163 1.  infinuating  as  if  more 
 might  be  faid,  if  he  could  fee  the  author  himfelf.  For  the 
 firft  of  thefe  ,  it  muft  be  faid  to  contain  Catholick  Do- 
 le y.2$:         ftrine  on  the  grounds  ?  beforcjbut  if  it  be  that  theChurch 
 oiRome  admits  for  fuch ,  I  am  glad  to  underftand  that 
 from  him.  For  the  Primatof/^*f/^;;/:/'stranfIating  the  La- 
 tin to  the  difadvantage  of  the  Romijh  ^  Ifliallgivenoan- 
 fwer,but  that  his  Englifh  are  indeed  fome  parts  of 
 that  fermon   ,  but   the  Latin  pieces  of  Bertram    fo 
 agreeing  with  them,as  they  were  undoubtedly  taken  out 
 ofhim,(by  which  he  gives  a  far  elder  teftimony  tothat 
 authorthen  O^^c/^w;/?^^///^)  whowas,noque[tion  aCa- 
 \- Index  cif-  tholickDodor;  but  being  fo  why  is  he  prohibited  '/by 
 toYum^aQ.    theRomanlndexhvhy  ifat  all  permitted, muft  itbe^;^^^- 
 '  ^i/4/^^^^y^;^^;'//^.''Fortheother,thatit  could  notbchadin 
 London  only  eight  years  after  it  wasprintcd,!  can  fay  no- 
 thing, but  fome  men  will  not  hear  that  they  miflike :  for 
 thatHomily,  of  which  (if  he  fay  any  thing)  he  fpeaks , 
 firfl:fetoutby/^^;iiD^j',withthcfubfcriptionofi5Bifliops 
 attefting  the  truth  of  the  Copy,  after  1023  reprinted  by 
 Henry  Seal ,  alwaycs  in  the  book  of  o^J?j  a?id  tnonu^ 
 2rom,2,       rnents  &C.'' in  the  life  of  Hin.  the  S,  and  of  late  by  Mr. 
 ^■"^^^^  yvhelock  put  into  Latin,  and  taken  without  any  intcrve- 
 
 -ningtranfcription  from  the  originall  Saxon,  (that  he 
 mightnotvary  inatittle)  wasW'ith  his  tranflation  of  it 
 h^.^cz,        ^imi^dzx  Cambridge  1644.^  amongft  divers  other  ex- 
 cellent notes  of  that  iearncd  man  upon  Beda^  that  fuch  as 
 
 under- 
 
Chap.  rX.  of  the  Church  of  ^n^^\\d.       195 
 
 undcrftand  not  the  language,  may  in  that  point  fee  the 
 doctrine  of  ourlbrcfuhcrs. 
 
 27.   A  third  ^' Doctor,  who  cannot  deny  but  it  makes  <■  M.Jon '•/< 
 directly  againft  Tranfubftantiation,  gives  an  anfwcr  I  ^[['Moy 
 could  not  have  expcfted,  yet  in  my  opniion  n:oic  ingc-  oj^rwaci.t- 
 nuouSj   Th.1t  it  IS  tmreajon.ibie  to  produce  the  forccUlJe  au-   ^^^' 
 [I  or  It y  of thefeS^^on  Homilies  j'^htch  have  ?:o  li-nrra?it  of 
 truth  from  any  other  but frow  our  ft  Ives  j  and  the  maigm, 
 ThcJ^  Homilies  "yi^ere  never  hear  do  f^but  no'^  of  late  amohg/l 
 Frotcfants^  onclj  framed  a?/d  prt/itedby  thcn/fclves ,  TV;//^- 
 cut  the  Iparrant  ofa-ay  one  tndiff<.re?it  'Wttnef/e.Thh  is,l  fay, 
 whati  could  not  have  looked  for.     Can  any  man  ima- 
 ginctwo Archbifliops, thiriccn  Bifliops,  befides  divers 
 other  perfonagcs  of  honour  and  credit,  could  have  been 
 induced  to  fubfcribefo  palpable  a  lye?  as  it  muft  be,  if 
 this  and  the  other  paflages,  by  them  there  teftified  to  be 
 found.intheancientmonuments  of  this  Church,  were 
 latelyframed.     Buttheold  books  that yet^remainAvrit  dinlubUothc- 
 above  five  hundred  yearesfincc,  do  enough  vindicate  ^^^f/^'*^** 
 theProteftants  ,  in  that  which  i  dare  fay  no  one  of  them 
 vvhoalledgeit  do  in  their  hearts  believe,  not  to  have 
 been  extant  in  them,  as  the  Archbifliop  firft  fent  them  to 
 the  Prefs. 
 
 .  28.   Of  the  little  credit  the  ConnccW of  Lateran  in 
 this  point  gained  here,  I  have  t  touched  before:  neither  ccha^.r.n.jj, 
 did  Peckham's  conAlmtiony  f^b pa?zisfpecie dvviul  dart  ^^r- 
 /'^i&c.  fpeak  home,  nor  was  the  thing  ever  abfolutely 
 determined  with  us  till  1382  :  fo  that  the  opinion  of  ^{«/*M«'« 
 Tranfubftantiation,  that  brought  fo  many  to  the  (lake,   ^]fs"\er 
 had  not  with  us  140  ycarcsprcfcription  before  0\Urti?i  Thom.Wal- 
 Luther  began  ;  for  in  that  year  FFtc/i'lijfhsiyin^  propoun-   xn%'iK)i/^' 
 ded,  ^quodfith/lantiapanis  mater idis  aut  viiii  maiiet  pofl  q:ii  func  yixit 
 confccrcaio7iim  (3cc.  the  Archbifliop  takiila;  it  into  jrconli-  j^rii>fi(qiie,col. 
 
 J  r  c3  ■•61 8)  S.  O*^ 
 
 deration,  did  not  think  fit  to  condemn  the  T^«f/ ,  with-  l<^^^  44. 
 
 out  farther  advice  w  ith  the  Univcrfity  of  Oxford  ^^  where  g  Kni-hr. 
 
 iibr.uisf?jgulis,  every  faying  weighed,  (and  in  cfpcciall,  ]^cd.^il'o! 
 
 C  c  as  it  49. 
 
194-        (lAn  Hijloricall  Fmdtcatioji  Chap.lX. 
 
 i  Col'  2^54.  asitfccms,  thofc^  concerned  theEucharifl)hedici  con- 
 demn fomc  as  hcrcticall,  others  as  oncly  erroneous ,  and 
 farther,  (higulos  dcfcnjores  (orum  impoftcrum  Jintin- 
 tix  ex commiDiic At  10 riis  mnoAatos  fore  ,    and  gave  com- 
 
 A  i6  5  2j  ^T'     mand,  ^  nc  qnis  dc  cxtcro  ctijtifcunquejtatus  &c.' ^ 
 
 hAYcfes  feti  err  ores  pr^diclos  velcorum  altquemteneat.do- 
 l  colz6s  3.     ceat^prdd!cetfc'udefcrjdat,T\\Q,  ^Chancellor  likewiie  of  the 
 Academy  repeating  FFjckliffs  opinions  touching  the  ho- 
 ly communion,  flicws  they  had  been  diligently  difcufs't 
 by  Dodcrs  in  Divinity,  and  profeflors  in  the  Canon 
 Law,  ^c  tandem  finaliter<^/?  compertum  atque  judtcto  om- 
 rnumdecUrxtum-,  ipfas  effe  errorieas  ,  fidet  orthodox^  con- 
 trariaSy  d^  deter mtna,tionihti$  EccleJiA  repugnant es  \  and 
 then  after  all  this  fearch,  delivers  the  dodrine  of  Tran- 
 fubdantiation  as  the  conclufion  agreed  to  be  held, ,^od 
 per  verba facrament  aim  k facer  dote  prolat  a,  pants  xi'  vmum 
 in  alt  an  tn  verum  corpus  Chrijli  &  fanguinem  tranfub- 
 ftantiantur,  feu  fubftantialiter  convertuntury?^ ,  quodpofi 
 ..      confecrattoncmnonrem.inent  in  tllo  njenerahilt  facramento 
 de  Euchxriflu '  pams  materialis  d^ vmumfecundum  fuasfubftantiaSyfedfe- 
 lib. A. cab. 2^.   cundum  fpecies    earundem  ,     And  this  I  take  to  have 
 fiWoiu'c         bzc[\  the  firfl:  plenary  determination   of  the  Church 
 Arch,  plenarie  of  England  In  thc  c:iCc  ,  which  yet  how  well  it  will  be 
 frocedere.        liked  by  fuch  as  hold  the  manner  of  converfion  to  be  by 
 ^declterolene'   a  "^ fucccflion  of  Chrifts  body  to  the  fubftance  of  the 
 *'  bread,  I  leave  others  to  difpute.     But  certainly  the 
 
 lixiiTer^^  Archbifhop  not  "  adventuring  to  proceed  in  it  a- 
 ^Afparing  lonc  ,  nor  by  his  own  councell,  by  o  his  extending 
 dircoutfcp^j^.  ^^-j^^j.  j^^  ^ij  oncly  to  the  future,  both  for  puniflimcnc 
 
 13.  writ  by  J  ^  L 
 
 afecuUr  and  Tenet  y  and  after  P  long  enquiry  concluding  the 
 
 vriefl  agi'mfi  x^^i\i  of  it ,    cnough  provcs  it  not  to  have  been  in 
 
 ^Jnnl  1601.  forrncr  times    fully  refolved  on  in  this  Churchy    fo 
 
 ,:in.confef  that  wc  may  fay  of  our  Aunccftors  ,  as  q  the  lefu- 
 
 Ii^j»I/^//t-  ^^^^  hereabout  fome  60  yeares  fmce  did  oftheFa- 
 
 theca  Archie-  thcrs,    rem  Tranjuhflantiationis  ne^  attigerunt.  And 
 
 f'f'-^r'"^^^''  it  may  not  here  unfitly  have  a    place  that    .*.  John 
 
 TtjHngton 
 
Chap,  IX   of  the  C/mrc/j  of  Enghnd.      195 
 
 Ttj^tngton  a  Francilcan,  whom  Pit  feus  ^^from  TuxUus  ,  not 
 LtUnd ,  as  he  would  have  us  think  )  athrms  to  have  been 
 an  afTillant  in  this  dil'purc  at  Oxjord  1 3  S2 ,  or  as  fome 
 1 3  S  I .  cannot  deny  the  truth  of  the  alTertion  ,  quod  pants 
 (j*  vinum  rcndfiOit  pofi  confiCratio?icm  in  naturis 
 ftiis  ,  adhtic  ferv.itur  Laicis  ^  d^  antiquitus  fervaba- 
 tur.  And  here  it  is  not  unworthy  the  remembrine;, 
 that  by  the  law  of  the  6  x\rticlcs  3 1.  Hc?^.  8.  cap.  14. 
 (containing  in  etfcd  the  body  of  Popery)  no  man 
 was  to  dye  as  an  Hcrctick  but  he  who  denycd 
 this  Tenetj  all  others  onely  as  felons,  or  men  en- 
 dangering the  peace  of  the  Kingdome,by  teach- 
 ing contrary  to  what  waspublickly  received.  By  which 
 it  likewife  appears,  in  fixing  th'  imputation  of  Hcrc- 
 fy,  the  Englijh  looked  on  their  home  Determinations, 
 notthofe  of  any  forreign  Church. 
 
 29.  But  I  do  not  take  upon  me  to  difputc  matters 
 controvcrfall,  whichi  leave  as  the  proper  fubjecl  to  Di- 
 vines; it  fhallfuffice  onely  to  remember,  the  Church  of 
 JB;7g/^w^having  with  this  great  deliberation  reformed  it 
 felf  inalawfull  Synod,  with -a  care  as  much  as  was 
 pofllble   of  reducing  all  things  to  the  pattern  of  thb 
 firftand  bed  times,  was  interpreted  (by  (uch  as  would 
 have  it  fo)  to  depart  from  the  Church  Catholickj  though 
 forthcmanner,  they  did  nothing  but  warranted  by  the 
 contlnuall  pradice  of  their  predeceflbrs,    and  in  the 
 things  amended  had  antiquity  to  juftify  their  anions; 
 and  therefore  th'Archbifliop  of  O/^/iT/'/zr^jinaprovin- 
 ciall  Syr.od  begun  in  S.  Tauls  the  3  oi  K^pril  15711 
 and  all  other  Bifliops  of  the  fame  Province,   gave  e- 
 fpccially  in  chargeto  all  preachers,  to  ^  chiejlytakchccdy  r  T'v  hook  oj 
 that  they  teach  nothing  in  their  preachings   ivhich  they  Yl'^^l-  n%d 
 "Ivouldhave  the  people  reltgioufly  to  obferve  and  believe  ,  ^nfutd  by 
 hut  thafy^hich  IS  agreeable  to  the  docfrine  of  the  old  Tcjla-  John  Day 
 ment  and  the  nelv  .and  that  Ivhich  the  Catholic  kFathcrs  a'nd  ^ 
 nncpent  Bifho^s  have  gathered  out  ofthsit  doctrine.  So  that 
 
 C  c  2  nothing 
 
196       An  Hijloricail  Vindication  Chap.  IX 
 
 nothing  is  farther  off  truth ,  then  to  fay/uch  as  reformed 
 this  Church  made  a  Newreligionj  they  having  retained 
 oncly  that  which  is  truly  old  and  Catholick,  as  Articles 
 of  their  faith. 
 
 30.   Thus  was  Religion  reformed  ,   and  thus  by  the 
 
 Queen  cftabliflit  in  England^  without  either  motion  ,  or 
 
 fceking  any  new  way  not  pradtifcd  by  our  Anccftors , 
 
 but  ufing  the  fame  courfes  had  been  formerly  traced  out 
 
 imto  them,  for  flopping  profancnefs  and  impiety,  when 
 
 ever  they  peepedin  the  Church.  And  certainly,  to  my  un- 
 
 derftanding ,  there  can  be  none  that  will  with  indifFeren- 
 
 cy  look  upon  thofe  times  ,  but  he  muft  ^however  he 
 
 niiQike  the  thing  done)  approve  the  manner  of  doing  it. 
 
 Yet  the  favorers  of  i?i?w^  ceafed  not  to  proclaim  all  had 
 
 thuspaft  to  have  been  hereticall  (without  inftancing  any 
 
 particular ,  as  to  fiy  fuch  a  carriage  was  after  the  mannct 
 
 of  Hercticks,evcr  condemned  by  the  Catholick  Church, 
 
 and  by  orthodox  writers  in  former  times,  or  fuch  a  Te- 
 
 net  in  your  confcfTion  was  held  herefy  from  this  place  ot 
 
 Scripture  anciently,  by  fuch  holy  Fathers  met  in  generall 
 
 Coiincell)  and  to  raife  ftirs  and  commotions  in  the  Gom- 
 
 rB«//rt  Pii      monwealth  ,  ^  to  excommunicate  the  Queen  as y?4g/>/(7- 
 
 ui  March      rum  fcY'vaS^zz  her  fubjeds  of  their  allcG;eancc,toeive  out 
 
 iHarding  ^/i  wc  had 'a  P/jr/z-^/z^r^//-/'^//^/^;^,  Parliament'Gofpell  i  Par- 
 
 confutdtionof  //^;;?^;^/-/'/?/>/?,and  this  bcforc  cver  the  3  9  Articlcs  ,  one 
 
 )^r^po/.        main  pillar ofthe^;?^///??  reformation  ,  were  confirmed 
 
 by  Parliament. 
 
 31.  Uponthewhole,  itisfoabfolutely  falfcthatthc 
 Church  of£;;2/^^^madea  departure  from  the  Church, 
 which  is  theground  and  pillar  of  truth>as  I  am  pcrfwaded 
 it  is  impofTiblc  to  prove  file  did  make.the  reparation  from 
 the  Romxn  it  fclf  ;  but  that  having  declared  in  a  lawful! 
 Synod  certain  opinions, held  by  fome  in  her  commu- 
 nion, to  be  no  articles  of  faith,  and  according  to  the  pre  - 
 cedent  of  former  times,  and  the  power  God  and  nature 
 hod  placed  in  her  fclf ,  rcdrcflfcd  particular  abufes  crept 
 
 into.i 
 
Chap.  I -^.    of  the  ChiiYch  o/Englaiid.     197 
 
 into  licr,   the  Pope  and  his  adherents,  without  ever  exa- 
 mining what  was  the  light  of  the  Kingdom  in  (uch  like 
 cafes,  that  had  from  all  antiquity  donethe  fame  ,  would 
 needs  interpret  this  a  departing  from  the  Church  ,   be- 
 caufc  he  refolvcd  to  maintain  as  articles  of  faith  ,  ^S:  thruft 
 on  others  as  fuch,fome  ambiguous  difputablequcdions 
 xhcEngltJh  did  not  think  fit  to  admit  into  that  number. 
 Tomakc  a  departure  from  Chrifts  Church  is  certainly 
 avcryhainous  offence,  flie  never  commanding  ought 
 butwhatisconformabletohis  will,  nor*  requiring  her  ^^^ih^^.it 
 children  to  believe  any  thing  as  matter  of  faith,  but  what  jufl.fiib  5. 
 is  immediately  contained  in  the  word  of  God  ,orby  evi-  ^'V-^.  //"•<• 
 dent  confequence  drawn  from  it:  and  as  flie  excludes  no  tbid.  lib.  i.cip. 
 Chriftians  from  being  her  children  ,  who  by  their  own  lo.^.^rima 
 demerits  dcfcrve  nottobcoutofthc  divinefavour  ;    fo  ^^  ^^' 
 inoppofingthofe  who  endeavour  to  procure  fome  te- 
 nets to  be  admitted  for  hers  ,   which  cannot  be  deduced 
 from  that  ground, Vv^e  do  not  depart  from  her,  butgainfhy 
 humane  errours,  and  conceipts,  which  they  would  infer 
 to  be  her  commands  who  acknowledges  them  not.  But 
 as  S^  i^ugujitnein  a  difpute  with  a  Donatift,   ^^  utrum  u  comrciitie- 
 fchifmatkt  nosjimus  an  vos  ,  non  ego  ,  nee  tu  ^fed  Chrijlus  Yl  ^Z"^'"^"' 
 inttrrogetur ^  utjuXicet  Ecclejiamjuaw:  fo  may  I,w hether  tQ^t'^.j. 
 we  are  the  fchifmaticks  or  the  Church  o^Kcme  ,   chrift 
 himfelf  be  theludge. But  whether  divided  from  the  other, 
 being  matter  of  faft,  let  the  hiftories  of  former  times,  the 
 extraordinary  proceedings  of  the  Sec  of  7?c/^^of  late  a- 
 gainfl:  the  Queen  and  this  Commonwealth   be  com- 
 pared, and  I  am  confident  the  judgment  may  be  refcrr'd 
 to  any  indifferent  perfon  (though  of  that  belief)  who 
 made  the  feparation  ,  and  whether  this  Kingdom  on  (b 
 high  provocations ,  did  any  thing  would  not  have  been 
 parallcli'd  by  former  times, had  they  met  Vvith  the  like  at- 
 tempts. 
 
 3  2.    Neither  can  the  Crown  in  this  reformation  be 
 any  waylaid  tohaveenterprilcd  onthepapall  primacy-, 
 
 C  c   3,.  (which  - 
 
198      ^^^  Htjloricall  Findkation     Chap.IX. 
 
 which  (for  ought  I  know)  it  might  have  acknowledged 
 fofaras  is  exprellou  deduced  from  holy  Scripture  ,  or 
 laid  down  in  the  ancient  facred  Councclls ,   or  the  con- 
 (laiit  writmgs  of  the  orthodox  primitive  Fathers,  and  yet 
 done  what  it  did ;  )  but  to  have  exercifed  that  auclority 
 alwayesrelidedinit,  forconfervingthe  peopleunder it 
 in  unity  and  peace  ,  without  being  deftroyed  by  the 
 Canons  and  conftitutions  of  others  ;  not  fuflferin^  a 
 forraign  power  ruine  them  to  whom  it  owed  protection. 
 In  which  it  did  not  trench  upon  the  rights  of  any .  but 
 confcrved  its  own  ;  imitating  therein  the  Imperiall  e- 
 dicls  of  feverall  Princes ,  andofthofe  were  in  poffeflion 
 ofthis  very  diadem  ,  conformable  to  their  Coronation 
 
 oath. 
 
 33.  And  from  hence  maybe  anfwered  that  which 
 i^^^^^^brings  asher  Achilles,touchingthe  (uccefliorx  and 
 vifibiliiyofthcProteftants  Church  and  dodrine  in  all 
 ages  fince  Chrift  :  for  if  theirs  have  been  ,  it  isimpoflible 
 to  fay  the  others  have  not;  the  former  adding  onely  more 
 articles  for  a  Chriftian  to  believe,  which  the  latter  will 
 not  embrace  as  necdfull:  fo  that  if  theirs  (as  they  fo  much 
 glory)  have  had  the  continuance  from  the'Apoftles, 
 thefe  needs  mufl: ,  which  onely  denies  fome  part  of  that 
 m   r  they  hold.^  ProtesUnts  (fays  Stapletonl  have  many  things 
 fdith,  at  the     lefje  then  Papists.they  hive  taken  a'%>ay  m.iny  things  ithicn 
 fnJo/Bcdas     ^apiHs  had  ,  they  have  added  nothing.    And  here  to  my 
 '/  ^  •47-  .  unjcrftanding  the  Romantfts  require  of  us  what  lies  on 
 their  part  to  prove  ;  for  we  denying  in  the  fucccfllon  of 
 Yii^O'^'^^'CO'CCLCra'nmer ^W areham ,  even  to  ^^uguftmey 
 and  fo  of  the  Britons  ,  ever  any  one  to  have  held  the 
 points  we  differ  in  to  have  been  points  of  faith  ,  in  that 
 degree  of  neceflity  they  are  now  required  ,  and  for  proof 
 cite  not  onely  xhzK^po/ilcs ^Niceny^^thanajian  Creeds, 
 but  even  that  of  P^^/V^^w, which  we  find  fo  to  differ  from 
 the  late  one  fet  out  by  Pitis  4^  ^S  as  we  cannot  but  fay  it  is 
 unjuft  in  them  to  preffe  us  to  a  profcfiion  in  religion 
 
 farther 
 
Chap.IX     ofihe  Qmrch  of  England.    199 
 
 farther  then  oiiranccllors  wcixj  they  on  the  contrary  af- 
 firming all  thofe  holy  Bifliops  preceding  ,  r^ot  onely 
 bdievcd  them  as  thcfcnow  do  ,  but  did  require  them  of 
 others  with  the  Hkc  nccelllty  they  now  arej ought  certain- 
 ly to  prove  what  they  thus  boldly  affirm  ,  which  when 
 they  have  done, truly  for  my  part  I  fliall  think  tit  to  yield': 
 but  till  they  do  it,let  them  ccafc  from  proclaiming  us  hc- 
 reticks,who  hold  no  other  then  the  ancient  faith  atfirfl: 
 delivcr'duntous. 
 
 But  this  as  a  point  rather  dogmaticall  for  Divines, 
 then  hiftoricall,  the  fubjeft  I  undertook,  1  fliall  not  here 
 farther  wade  into. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
Errata. 
 
 corred. 
 
 p.  r.   iin.i. 
 
 ftjoretl-an                     read         alhvoft 
 
 lO 
 
 Chriflian 
 
 Chiiftians 
 
 •5      ly 
 
 genenerde 
 
 geneialc 
 
 7      I8 
 
 they  addreffe 
 
 they  did  addrcfTc 
 
 9          I 
 
 kttotp 
 
 knew 
 
 Cap.;.  7. 
 
 Precctor 
 
 precentor 
 
 47       X 
 
 prius  defideliute  O* 
 
 prius  Komano  Tomifd  dc  fidclitatc  5c 
 
 52       4 
 
 fnd  at  all 
 
 find /(at  all 
 
 67     10 
 
 fujfer  for 
 
 fuffc tdeatf?  for 
 
 79    15 
 
 ^pifcspHS  e^'  cleriH 
 
 Epifcopi  &cleius 
 
 gr.    in  mar- 
 
 Ca^.  15. 
 
 cap.j. 
 
 gine  ad  lit.  f- 
 
 141              ^ 
 
 iphethe 
 
 whither 
 
 151               5 
 
 Glaj]e 
 
 Gloffc 
 
 157              4 
 
 t^lbigenfcs 
 
 Albigenfig 
 
 jr 
 
 qui  el 
 
 que  il. 
 
 39 
 
 ^jjetjty  de  lonr. 
 
 auferatur  comma 
 
 f7J             2 
 
 of  Pope 
 
 of  the  Pope 
 
 s 
 
 >• 
 
^