✓ EXPOSITION BRE-NTAND5 LONDON, PAR CHICAGO, 'A'-A|5HINbTaN fvICV^/ /’□rk; Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2019 with funding from Getty Research Institute https://archive.org/details/buildingsofworldOOunse THE BUILDINGS OF THE • • WORLD'S • Columbian Exposition PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY. NEW YORK: BRENTANO’S CHICAGO LONDON PARIS WASHINGTON COPYRIGHT, 1892 BY BRENTANO'S. IHEGOTYCENiaSl UBRARY DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDINGS. HE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, in the style of the French Renaissance, was designed by Mr. Richard M. Hunt, President of the American Institute of Architects. It consists of a large central square, covered by a dome, with four pavilions at the angles, each pavilion covering 84 feet square. At the centre of each facade, between the pavilions, are recesses in which are situated the principal entrances to the building, 50 feet wide and fifty feet high, deeply recessed and covered by semi-circular arched vaults. The principal feature of this building is the gilded dome, which rivals, if it does not actually surpass the most famous structures of its class in the world. It consists of an outer and an inner dome, the former 220 feet in height and 120 feet in diameter, the latter 200 feet in height and beautifully decorated on the inside with sculptured panels and paintings representing the arts and sciences. In the centre is an aperture, 50 feet in diameter, ad¬ mitting a flood of light from the exterior dome overhead. The interior of the building is as striking as the exterior, the great rotunda and the loggias connecting the principal entrances therewith, being imposing in size and artistically decorated. The total cost of this building, which will be one of the finest on the grounds, will be $450,000. THE EINE ARTS GALLERY, situated in the northern portion of the park, is of the Grecian-Ionic style of architecture. The building, which is entirely fire-proof, is oblong in shape, 500 by 320 feet, and intersected at right angles by a nave and transept, too feet wide and 70 feet high, at the intersection of which is a dome 60 feet in diameter. This dome, 425 feet in height, is surmounted by a colossal reproduction of the Winged Victory. Around the entire building are galleries forming a continuous promenade, and between this gallery and the naves are the smaller rooms devoted to pri¬ vate collections of paintings and the collections of the different art schools. The main floor of the nave and transept will be devoted to sculpture exclu¬ sively, and on the walls both of the ground floor and of the galleries is space for the display of paintings and haul and bas-reliefs. The corners made by the intersection of nave and transept are to be utilized as smaller picture galleries. On either side of the main building are large annexes, which are also to be utilized for art exhibits. The main building is entered by four great portals, richly ornamented with architectural sculpture, and approached by broad flights of steps. The walls of the loggia of the. colonnades are highly decorated with mural paint¬ ings, illustrating the history and progress of the arts. The frieze of the ex¬ terior walls and the pediments of the principal entrances are ornamented with sculptures and portraits in bas-relief of the masters of ancient art. The grounds around the building will be ornamented with groups, replicas of classic art, statues, etc. THE ELECTRICITY BUILDING, which will contain probably the most noteworthy and interesting exhibit the world has ever seen, con¬ sists of a nave 700 feet long, 115 feet wide and 114 feet high, crossed by a transept 345 feet long, and of the same height and width. Both have a pitched roof with ranges of skylights at the bottom of the pitch and clear story windows. The rest of the building, 68 feet in height, is covered with a flat roof and lighted by skylights. At the corners are pavilions with open spires, 169 feet high. The building has an open portico extending along the whole of the south facade, the lower or Ionic order forming an open screen in front of it. The various subordinate pavilions are treated with windows and balconies. The details of the exterior orders are richly decorated, and the pediments, friezes, panels and spandrels have received a decoration of figures in relief, with architectural motifs, the general tendency of which is to illustrate the purposes of the building. The appearance of the exterior is that of marble, but the walls of the heinicyde and of the various porticos and loggia are highly enriched with color, the pilasters in these places being decorated with scagliola, and the capitals with metallic effects in bronze. The designs for the building were drawn by Messrs. Van Brunt & Howe, architects at Kansas City. Its total cost when completed will be $ 375 , 000 . THE TRANSPORTATION BUILDING recalls, by the simplic¬ ity of its architectural lines, the Ecole des Beaux Arts of Paris. Its main entrance consists of an immense single arch, enriched to an extraordinary degree with carvings, bas-reliefs and mural paintings. Numerous minor entrances are adorned with drinking fountains, statues, artistic seats, etc. The interior of the building is treated much after the manner of a Roman basilica, with broad nave and aisles. The roof is therefore in three divisions. The middle one rises much higher than the others, and its walls are pierced to form a beautiful arcaded clear-storj'. The cupola, placed exactly in the centre of the building and rising 165 feet above the ground, is reached by eight elevators ; these elevators of themselves naturally form a part of the Transportation exhibit. The main building of the Transportation exhibit measures 960 feet front by 250 feet deep. From this extends westward to Stoney Island avenue an enormous annex, covering about nine acres. This is one story only in height. In it may be seen the more bulky exhibits, locomotive engines, etc. The Transportation exhibits naturally include everything, of whatsoever name or sort, devoted to the purpose of transportation, and range from a baby carriage to a mogul engine, from a cash conveyor to a balloon or carrier pigeon. Technically this exhibit includes everything comprised in class G of the official classification. The Transportation Building cost about $300,000 and was designed by Messrs. Adler & Sullivan of Chicago. THE MACHINERY HALL, of which Messrs. Peabody & Stearns, of Boston, are the architects, is one of the most magnificent buildings of the exhibition. It measures 850 by 500 feet, and is located at the extreme south end of the Park, midway between the shore of Lake Michigan and the west side of the Park. Its cost, with the machinery annex and power house, the latter situated on the south side of the building, is about $1,200,000. The building IS spanned by three arched trusses, and the interior presents the appearance of three railroad train-houses side by side, surrounded on all the four sides by a gallery 50 feet wide. The trusses are built separately, so that they can be taken down and sold for use as railroad train-houses. In each of the long naves there is an elevated traveling crane running from end to end of the building for the purpose of moving machinery. These plat¬ forms are built so that visitors may view from them the exhibits beneath. THE MANUEACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILD¬ ING is the mammoth structure of the exhibition. It is in Corinthian style, measures 1,687 t>y 7^7 feet and covers nearly 31 acres, being the largest ex¬ hibition building ever constructed. Within the building a gallery 50 feet wide extends around all four sides, and projecting from this are 86 smaller galleries, 12 feet wide, from which visitors may survey the vast array of exhibits. The galleries are approached upon the main floor by 30 great staircases, the flights of which are 12 feet wide each. “Columbia Avenue,” 50 feet wide, extends through the mammoth building longitudinally, and an avenue of like width crosses it at right angles at the centre. The main roof is of iron and glass and arches an area 385 b)" 1,400 feet, and has its ridge 150 feet from the ground. The building, including its galleries, has about 40 acres of floor space. The exterior of the building is covered with “staff,” which is treated to represent marble. The long array of columns and arches, which its facades present, is relieved from monotony by very elaborate ornamentation. In this ornamentation female figures, symbolical of the various arts and sciences, play a conspicuous part. There are four great entrances, one in the centre of each fayade. These are designed in the manner of triumphal arches, the central archway of each being 40 feet wide and 80 feet high. Surmounting these portals is the great attic story, ornamented with sculptured eagles 18 feet high, and on each side, above the side arches, are great panels with inscriptions, and the spandrels are filled with sculptured figures in bas-relief. At each corner of the main building are pavilions forming great arched entrances, which are designed in harmony with the great portals. OMAN S BUILDING is in Italian Renaissance style and las een ui t from the designs of Miss Sophia G. Hayden, the successful competitor for the prize of $1,000 offered by the Board of Lady Managers. The building stands ou the shore of the lagoon and is reached by two t^erraces. The principal facade is about 400 feet in length, the depth of the building being about half that distance. The first story is raised about ten feet from the ground line, and a wide staircase leads to the centre pavilion. This pavilion forms the main triple- arched entrance, with an open colonnade in the second story. The corner pavilions have each an open colonnade added above the main cornic^. Here are located the Hanging Gardens. A lobby 40 feet wide leads into the open rotunda 70 by 65 feet, reaching through the height of the building and protected by a richly ornamented skylight. This rotunda is surrounded by a two-story open arcade, the whole having a thoroughly Italian courtyard effect, admitting abundance of light to all rooms facing this interior space. On the first floor are located, cn the left hand, a model hospital; on the right, a model kindergarten, each occupying 80 by 60 feet. The whole floor of the south pavilion is devoted to the retrospective exhibit, the one on the north to reform work and charity organization. Kach of these floors is 80 by 200 feet. The curtain opposite the main front contains the Library, Bureau of Information, Records, etc. In the second story are located ladies’ parlors, committee-rooms and dressing-rooms, all leading to the open balcony in front. The whole second floor of the north pavilion incloses the great assembly-room and club-room. The first of these is provided with an elevated stage for the accommodation of speakers. The south pavilion contains the model kitchen, refreshment rooms, reception rooms, etc. THE HALL OF MINES AND MINING, also in Italian Re¬ naissance, is 700 feet long by 350 feet wide, the architect being Mr. S. S. Beman, of Chicago. In plan it is simple and straightforward, embracing on the ground floor spacious vestibules, restaurants, toilet-rooms, etc. On each of the four sides of the building are placed the entrances, those of the north and south fronts being the most spacious and prominent. To the right and left of each Entrance, inside, start broad flights of easy stairs leading to the galleries. The galleries are 60 feet wide and 25 feet high from the ground floor, and are lighted on the sides by large windows, and from above by a high clear-story extending around the building. The mam fronts look southward on the Central Court, and northward on the western and middle lakes and an island gorgeous with flowers The principal fronts display enormous arch entrances, richly embellished with sculptural decorations emblematic of mining and its allied industries. At each end of these fronts are large square pavilions, surmounted by low domes, which mark the four corners of the building, and are lighted by large arched windows extending through the galleries. Between the main entrance and the pavilions are richly decorated arcades, forming an open loggia on the ground floor, and a deeply recessed promenade on the gallery floor level, which commands a fine view of the lakes and islands to the northward and the great Central Court on the south. These covered promenades are each 25 feet wide and 230 feet long, and from them is had access to the building at numerous points. These loggias on the first floor are faced with marbles of different kinds and hues, which will be considered part of the Mining Exhibit, and so utilized as to have marketable value at the close of the exhibition. The loggia ceilings will be heavily coffered, and richly decorated in plaster and color. The ornamentation is massed at the prominent points of the fa9ade. The exterior presents a massive, though graceful, appearance. THE HORTICULTURAL BUILDING is 1,000 feet long, with an extreme width of 250 feet. The plan is a central pavilion with two end pavilions, each connected with the central one by front and rear curtains form¬ ing two interior courts, each 88 by 270 feet. These courts are beautifully decorated in color and planted with ornamental shrubs and flowers. The centre of the pavilion is roofed by a cr>'stal dome 187 feet in diameter and 113 feet high, under which are exhibited the tallest palms, bamboos, and ^ee ferns that can be procured. There are galleries in each of the pavilions. The galleries of the end pavilions are designed for cafes. These cafes are surrounded by an arcade on three sides from which charming views of the grounds can be obtained. In this building are exhibited all the varieties of flowers, plants vines seeds, horticultural implements, etc. Those exhibits requiring sunshine and light are shown m the rear curtains, where the roof is entirely of glass and not too far removed from the plants. The front curtains and space under the of fighT exhibits that require only the ordinary amount In front of the building is a flower terrace for outer exhibits, including tanks for Nymphma and Victoria Regia. f TUILDING is in appearance the most unique 01 all the Exposition structures. Its dimensions are 200 by 500 feet. To a remarkable degree its architecture is of the rustic order. On all four sides of the building IS a veranda, supporting the roof of which is a colonnade consist- Ing of a series of columns composed of tree-trunks each 25 feet in length, some of them from 16 to 20 inches in diameter and the others smaller. All of these trunks are left in their natural state, with bark undisturbed. They are con¬ tributed by the different States and Territories of the Union and by foreign countries, each furnishing specimens of its most characteristic trees. Upon each trunk will be displayed a tablet bearing its common and scientific name, the state or country by which it was contributed, and other pertinent informa¬ tion, such as the appro.ximate quantity of such timber in the region whence it came, etc. The sides of the building are constructed of slabs with the bark removed. The window frames are treated in the same rustic manner as is the rest of the building. The main entrances are elaborately finished in different kinds of wood, the material and workmanship being contributed by several prominent lumber associations. The roof is thatched with tan and other barks. ^ Surmounting the cornice of the veranda and extending all around the building are numerous flagstaffs bearing the colors, coats-of-arms, etc., of the nations and states represented in the exhibits inside. the agricultural building is situated near the shore of Lake Michigan. It measures 500 by 300 feet, and the general cornice line is 65 feet above grade. On either side of the main entrance are Corinthian pillars, 50 feet high and 5 feet in diameter. On each corner and from the centre of the building pavilions are reared, the central one being 144 feet •square. The corner pavilions are connected by curtains, forming a continuous arcade around the top of the building. The main entrance leads into a vesti¬ bule, from which entrance is had to the rotunda, 100 feet in diameter. This is surmounted by a glass dome 130 feet high. All through the main vestibule statuary has been placed, illustrative of the agricultural industry. Similar designs are grouped about all of the grand entrances. The corner pavilions are surmounted by domes 96 feet high, and above these tower grand groups of statuary. ^ v To the southward of the Agricultural Building is a spacious structure devoted chiefly to a Live Stock and Agricultural Assembly Hall. This build¬ ing contains a bureau of information, committee and other rooms for the different live stock associations, waiting-rooms, and on the second floor an Assembly room, which has a seating capacity of about 1,500. In this room will be given lectures on stock raising, agriculture, and allied subjects. THE FISHERIES BUILDING consists of a large central structure with two smaller polygonal buildings connected with it on either end by ar¬ cades. It is 1,100 feet long and 200 feet wide, and is in Spanish-Romanesque style, an interesting feature of its exterior being the ornamental details, capi¬ tals, brackets, cornices, medallions, etc., for which the architect, Mr. Henry Ives Cobb, used only fish and other sea forms as motifs of design. In the central portion of the building is the general Fisheries exhibit. In one of the polygonal buildings is the Angling exhibit, and the other the Aquaria, ten in number, with a capacity of from 7,000 to 27,000 gallons of water each. The glass fronts of the Aquaria are about 575 feet in length and have a surface of 3,000 square feet. The total water capacity of the Aquaria, exclusive of reservoirs, is 18,725 cubic feet, or 140,000 gallons. This weighs 1,192,425 pounds, or almost 600 tons. Of this amount about 40,000 gallons is devoted to the Marine e.xhibit. In the entire salt water circulation, including reservoirs, there are about 80,000 gallons. The pumping and distribution plant for the Marine Aquaria is constructed of vulcanite. The pumps are in duplicate, and each as a capacity of 3iOoo gallons per hour. The supply of sea water was secured by evaporating the necessary quantity at the Wood’s Holl station of the United States Fish Commission to about one fifth its bulk, thus reducing both quantity and weight for transportation about 80 per cent. The fresh water required to restore it to its pro er density was supplied from Lake Michigan. 3 'fe JO* . • ■ '^=* • •«■ Itsw SI|>'^E > ‘f ^.'u 'H th• : didi'r||« !./• •. •■ *r-„ e". 1 iwrriS y'iitPiD.- *e vify,. 4ar 4 . .'i .r r.'f 1^'^' - ’♦ mf BttikSn^ u ,1 spark^)».slfUctKr<| AiaemL . F(Ail« ' TWif j[m-'d - .1 ’tmwirfro jtnd otlv'ir roornsfor Va i "!'• «rd wi ii»e scooflii fl ♦. Jr :ind in .Spaitisir-RrjfnasTrsciif^ IjjpMy Uic omam«ntol cafri rie. I<»r which ihearchited. htr. Hennw . 1 i-iJ U.'^t' 4 f v.‘s » ^ ■ ,, „ nj ii*e •'fp4V<»* 4 ^ ^ r*i SliA!^*A. frj' ♦' ^ ^ i% ^5 *ct* •bit.-v v^’ ->|^•i:f *4 fstw- - — y. t, ^ 5 . attitjT. of tiK. t>wik ^ ^ r«^ ih- ^ siftnr^ ♦fcft u>|. ’.juWfm ., I'w . € '.^liinn >%.' rw iv«.. v .* • ^, • - • » < 4.» mouis of desigit •• thegenefoJ Fisherie* -jM^ i?-.- A»,gt cxhibtt, 4 nd the othe* •■tpacity df fmm 7 ,cx )0 to 37,000 galtona , *•• ' nt* •f »h« Aquaria are about 575 fret m'iftojiftb ^ %' «^M«ari 4 frrt ^ ' •■ '•) * A*)«ao«, c*cJtMive. pf rearrvoin' • jpljbjw* TWa 1 . 192,435 poundi,'^''^ .‘••♦ovust abotr* i'UJQp i^lloin ta devoted -to Uie. *••' T f^wr^rcfrevL< 4 ^.HHiM$ng reservoirtis^l^e • niiOiiUlAklt^ ^ ra efr~.A,jr ♦ # -' i ' ju ia ^ tL. ~ ’., «r 4 W tdaOi^ry Wi Wu drdgnaare groopc*; ti,., ,«[ ,r ^ arc 5lt]f«nQBMI(«.t by ihyn** 9a »ry^ ^ of ctaruary. |r^ '' *hr and dlsirlbutloa iiJaat for the biawe. L r<>fca«Mc The piitnpaafe in wh 4 eaw K ■>' y T- how. The soppiy of {."a vcatc# , lopply of j ti vciitcf jr*^, , the qerctsftfV quaotlty at the Wood’* ii^Ol »uuoo«i^ •» €*WI*^ K. ^ asiiudiffg ■> nraf»vriOfr;»rir« abotit'Ao prf teht. Tlrtt > fo i^ jBti er density *wa from T^ka .— '••■.fcifi.t 4 ;. L|';. II '1 ■ c-. Cgpv- FiiSM- r 1892 BV NV. P^^oTasg ■ Lj^e riNE ART GALLERV world’s CDLUMBIAN EXPDBITLRN, CHICAED, IS93. m.B .y^T'Wn □ D. A R CH ITE CD . m'’ BUILDINB FDR TRANBPDRTATIDN EXHIBITS WDRLDB COLUMBIAN EXPUBITIDN, CHICAEU, 1893 ^DLER ^ ;^LJLLIVAN,/Af^chitectb WORLDS COLUMBIAN EXPDSITIDN, CHICABD, 1833. PEApODY^ 3TEAR|\|5 - /\f=ichiTEnTs. WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOEITIDN, CHICAGO, 1893 EEDHGE B, PQ5T, CoPVRiGI-lT 18^2 BV IRC WDMAN'E BUILDING WORLD'S LDLUMBIAN EXP051T1 □ N, LH IDALD , IS3D ^nPHlA 1j HAYDEIN, Architect. M ypHOTOEf^AVUt^CCC WORLDS COLUMBIAN EXPD51TIDN CHICAED 1893. 1 ' Fr HORTICULTURAL HALL WORLD’S CDLUMBIAN EXPnSIXIDN. DHILAEO, 1893 W. L . B . J EN N'V' Architect. WnRLD’5 COLUMBIAN EXPU 5 IT I □ N . CH I CAB □ , 1833. vn/d o D, DesiCj/^cr^ in Ci-Iieif', Xa/df^ld's LIdi-u ni bi/v^n EIxf=*a5iX'nN . s» /\GRICULTURAL BUILDINE WORLD'S DDLUMBIAN EXPnSITIDN. CHICAED IB93 MEAP WHITE . /\R,r MI-TEICT-Sj. F’I5HEF\IE5 ArvlDAQUAF^IUM WDRLDa COLUMBIAN EXPDSITI DIN, CHICAEQ. 1833. Henir^ Ives Cdbb.-A^f^cihijecj. GETTY CENTER LIBRARY 3 3125 00109 7241