V \ A COLLECTION O F DESIGNS I N ARCHITECTURE, CONTAINING New Plans and Elevations of Houses, FOR GENERAL USE. WITH A great Variety of Sections of ROOMS; from a common Room, to the moft grand and magnificent. THEIR DECORATIONS, viz. Bases, Surbases, Architraves, Freezes, and Cornices, properly inriched with Foliages, Frets and Flowers, in a New and Grand Tafte. WITH Margins and Mouldings for the Panelling. All large enough for Practice. To which ^are added, Curious DESIGNS of Stone and Timber Bridges, Extending from Twenty Feet to Two Hundred and Twenty, in One Arch, Likewife fome SCREENS and PAVILIONS, IN TWO VOLUMES. Each containing Sixty PLATES, curioufly engraved on Copper. By ABRAHAM SWAN, Architect. VOL. I. LONDON: Printed for and fold by the Author, near the George in Portland Street, Caveiidi/b Square- by Mr Broth£r& n . over againll the Royal-Exchange ; Mr3ac.kli.ncL it Ike Bnc k ' rn Paier-nojler Row ; H. liar and Partner at the Bible uni Crown, in High Holborn. M.D.CCLVII. THE PREFACE. A FTER more than Thirty Years Application to, and Experience in, the Theory and Prac¬ tice of Architecture , I am encouraged to offer the following Defigns to the Public, from the favourable Reception which Works of this Kind have generally met with of late Years. I obferve the Defigns which have been publifhed by others, have, for the moft part, been grand and pompous ; which, though they may be excellent in their Kind, will but feldom come into Ufe, as being only proper for very large Buildings. But as there are more Gentlemen of moderate For¬ tunes than of great Eftates who may be inclined to build Houfes, I fuppofe fome lefs expenfwe Defigns may be acceptable to the Public, as being of more general Ufe, inch as will be found in feveral of the following Plates ; while yet in others of them (efpecially in the fecond Book) I have endeavoured to accommodate the Great and Noble with IV The P R E F A C E. with Defigns, that may be fuitable to their Tafte and Fortune : and if the Hints which I have here given may be improved by fome better Genius, in forming bet¬ ter Defigns than any of thefe, I fhall fincerely rejoice ] n it. I have endeavoured all along to form fuch Defigns as are capable of receiving good Decorations; for if the ori¬ ginal Defign be bad, fuperadded Ornaments will make the whole to appear rather aukward than graceful, like a Clown in a laced Waiftcoat. And here let me hint a a Caution to lefs experienced Artifts, viz. not to over¬ load any Defign with Ornaments ; for by that Means the beft Defign may be quite defigured.' A Multitude of Ornaments ftuck on, as we fometimes fee, without Meaning, breeds nothing but Confufion, and the Beauty of each Individual is loft in the Crowd : Therefore in difpofing of Decorations either on the Outfide or lnfide of a Building there mull be fufficient Spaces left plain, with¬ out any Ornament, that fo the Ornaments in proper Places may be the more confpicuous and may have their defired Effeft. The clofer we keep to the Rules of the ancient Grecian Orders , viz. the Doric, the Ionic and the Co¬ rinthian in decorating the Outfide of our Buildings, the more grand is their Appearance, and, generally fpeak- ing, every Eye is the better pleafed. The Cornices and Architraves in thofe feveral Orders are capable of receiv¬ ing fine Incrichments, and their Freezes beautiful Fo¬ liages, V The PREFACE. liages. We fee that in fmall Porticos, two Colums only, if they are brought out from the Wall, and Pillafters behind them, have a fine Effedt; but how much more is the Eye ftruck and delighted with a proper Arrangement of Columns, of juft Proportion, in large Buildings. There is one very common Ornament of Mouldings which I fnall here take fome particular Notice of, on Ac¬ count of its Name, viz. that which is commonly call¬ ed Eggs and Anchors. Though fome of the greateft Mailers of Architecture as Palladio, Scamozzi, and Vignola, have generally inriched their Ovolos with it, yet I have known fome Gentlemen forbid it their Houfes, being difpleafed with its Name, and fuppofing it to re- prefent an unnatural Mixture or Combination of Things which have no Relation to one another, viz. Eggs and Anchors: But I would hope to remove their Prejudice againft this gracefull Ornament by informing them, that in fome ancient Fabricks it plainly appears to be Nuts in Husks • in fome the Husks are omit¬ ted, perhaps on Account of the Expence in Carving- in others they are Nuts and Husks interchangeably. I have Ihewed the firft Sort upon a Ovolo in the Fifty-eighth Plate of this Book, and I have, in fome Meafure, copied the third Sort upon an Ovolo in a dentil Bedmould to the Corinthian Order in my for¬ mer Book. I would therefore propofe to change that unnatural Name of Eggs and Anchors, into the much more proper and true Name, of Nuts and Husks. VI The PREFACE. So great is my Love to the Science of Architec¬ ture and fo earneft my Defire of promoting the Know¬ ledge and Practice of it, efpccially in my own Coun¬ try, that if this Work of mine may be conducive thereunto, I can be well fatisfied to give all the Time and the Pains which the Dcfgning and Drawing has coft me, without any other Recompence. And indeed that I have had little View to my own Profit may ap¬ pear from the Price of my former Book*, as well as this. And here I cannot but make a grateful Acknow¬ ledgment to the Public for their favourable Recep¬ tion of that my firff Work, as appears by the Number of Copies which have heen fold. I have been grieved to hear fome Foreigners reproach¬ ing my Country with the Declenfton of Arts and Sciences among us, while it is faid they are improving in other Nations. I muff own this has been fome Motive with me to take more Pains in the following Work than per¬ haps I fhould otherwife have done, in order to contri¬ bute, what lies in my Power, to wipe off that Reproach, for fuch I hope it is : And I moft heartly wifh that all Perfons would ffrive to excell in their feveral Profeffions and Employments, and then I doubt not but it would ap¬ pear that Eng/and is bleft with as happy Gcniufl.s as any Nation under Heaven. I hope the Plates are fuffidently plain and exprefs, fo that I need not ufe many Words in explaining them. * The Brilijb ArcbitefJ, in which are 60 Folio Copper Plates, Price 13 Shillings. A A C O L L E C T I O N O F DESIGNS, & e . m LATE I. Is a Defign for a Houfe of four Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes. The Beji Stairs are carried up in the Center of the Back Front ; the Back Stairs go up in the Paffage by which the Servants enter the Houfe. In the following Plans you will find the Stair-cafes placed in every Part ol the Houfe, in order to render thefe Defigns more generally ufeful; fince different Spots of Ground, on which Houfes are built, may require that Stair-cafes fhould be differently placed, on Account of ProfpeSis and for divers other Conveniences. PLATE IT. A Delign for a Houfe of four Rooms on a Floor with but one Stair-cafe. The beft Room is iz Feet by 18. The Hall in the Back Front 26 Feet by 14. B a All ( 2 ) All the Rooms in this Houfe are private , that is there is a Way into each of them without pafling through any other Room ; which is a Circumftance that fhould always be attended to in laying out and difpoflng the Rooms of a Houfe. I have put but one Window in each Wing of this Houfe, for the Sake of Variety, and the better to fuit every Tafte; but another Window may eaftly be added by thofe who like it better. And if the lame Drejfings are continued, no material Alteration will be thereby made in the Defign, and perhaps the little that will be made may be for the better. PLATE III. A Defign for a Houfe of five Rooms upon a Floor with two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 26 Feet by 17. The beft Room 26 Feet by 21. PLATE IV. A Defign for a Houfe of four Rooms upon a Floor with two Stair-cafes. The Flail is 29 Feet by 18. The beft Room 29 by 20. PLATE V. A Defign for a Houfe of five Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 24. Feet by 23. The beft Room 27 by 22. PLATE VI. A Defign for a Houfe of five Rooms upon a Floor, with two drefling Rooms and two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 11 Feet fquare. The Saloon or beft Room is 36 Feet by 20. PLATE VII. A Defign for a Houfe of three Rooms upon a Floor, with one Drefling Room and one Stair-cafe. The Stairs go up in a fmall Hall. The beft Room is 28 Feet by 20. PLATE VIII. A Defign for a Houfe of fix Rooms upon a Floor, two Drefling Rooms and two Staircafes. The Hall 26 Feet by 20. The beft Room 26 Feet fquare. PLATE a ( 5 ) PLATE IX. A Defign for a Houle of four Rooms upon Floor with one Dreffing Room and two Stair-cafes. The Hall i> 29 Feet by 15. The teft Room 25 by it- PLATE X. A Defign for a Houfe of fix Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes. The Hall 28 Feet by 21, bed Room a8 by ay. This Houfe has one Window in each Wing in the Fore¬ front, two in the Back-front; fo that a Perfon may choofe which he likes beft. PLATE XI. A Defign for a Houfe of four Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes. The bed: Room is aa Feet by PLATE XII. A Defign for a Houfe of four Rooms upon a Floor and one Dreffing-Room, with two Stair-cafes. The beft Room 22 Feet by 18. PLATE XIII. A Defign for a Houfe of four Rooms upon a Floor and two Stair-cafes. The beft Room is 19 Feet by 18. PLATE XIV. A Defign for a Houfe of fix Rooms upon a Floor with two Stair-cafes. The Hall 26 Feet by 15. The beft Room is 26 by 24. PLATE XV. A Defign for a Houfe of five Rooms upon a Floor, with one Stair-cafe. The beft Room is 26 by 17. PLATE XVI. A Defign for a Houfe of five Rooms upon a Floor with two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 20 Feet fquare. The Saloon is 30 Feet by 24. In the Front of this Houfe is a Doric Portico, with two Columns brought out from the Wall. There might be two more upon the two firft Pedeflals , and alfe two more beloie them, at fuch a Diftance as that a Coach may drive between them; fo that Ferfons might light out of the Coach and go into the Houfe, without being expofed to the Weather. C PLATE ( 4 ) PLATE XVII. A Defign for a Houfe of five Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes, which both go up in the Hall. The heft Room is 31 Feet by 26. PLATE XVIII. A Defign for a Houfe of Jive Rooms upona Floor, with two Stair-caies. The Hall is 2.4 Feet by 17. The bed Room is 24 by 21. This Houfe has a Portico of the Ionic Or¬ der, with four Columns in Front. PLATE XIX. A Defign for a Houfe of Jive Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 16 Feet by 19 with 6 Niches in it. The Saloon is 28 Feet by 22. In the Front is an Ionic Portico, with two Columns only. PLATE XX. A Defign fui a Houfe ol four Rooms upon a Floor, and a Drcffing-Room, with one Stair-cafe. In the Entrance of the Houfe is an Archade, from which you enter into a Room of 34 Feet by 24. PLATE XX'. A Defign for a Houfe of fix Rooms upon a Floor, with two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 21 Feet by 20. The beft Room 28 by 23. PLATE XXII. A Defign for a Houfe of feven Rooms upon a Floor, and a Dreffing Room, with two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 36 Feet by 21. The Saloon is 36 by 31. The principal Story of this Houfe is Ruflic, the fecond Story is dreft with Pilajiers of the Ionic Order. PLATE XXIII. A Defign for a Houfe of feven Rooms upon a Floor with two Stair cafes. The back Stair-cafe goes down into the Bafernent Story. The Portico has four Columns in Front of the Co¬ rinthian Order: From hence you enter into a Hall 28 Feet by 21. The Saloon is 28 Feet fquare, from which you pafs into a Room, or Gallery, of 50 Feet by 20. The The Space; betwixt the Windows ihould be as near the Proportion exprelfed in this Plan as the Rooms will admit, viz. as 3 to z, that is, iuppofe the Windows are four Feet wide, the Space betwixt them Ihould be fix Feet at lead ; for they had better be more than lefs, except where the windows are not drejfed j for then it will not be dilagreeable if they are fcmewhat narrower. PLATE XXIV. Two Bafes and four Surbafes for common Rooms. PLATE XXV. Four Bafes and four Surbafes for common Rooms. PLATE XXVI. Two Bafes, one inriched with a Fret , the other with a Scroll, and two Surbafes with Frets. PLATE XXVII. Two Bafes and two Surbafes inriched with Frets. PLATE XXVIII. Two Ba r es inriched with Frets, and two Surbafes, one with a Fret , the other with a Scroll. The Scroll to the Left-hand turns one fourth more than that in the Surbafe, and that upon the right turns one fourth more than that upon the left. PLATE XXIX. A Bafe with a Fret. A Surbafe with a Fret and Flower. PLATE XXX. A Bafe with a Fret. A Surbafe with a Fret and Flower. PLATE XXXI. A Bafe inriched with a Fret and Scroll, the Surbafe with a Fret and Flower. This Method is new, and much more beautiful than continued regular Frets. PLATE PLATE XXXII. To the Left-hand is a Baft with a Fret, over it is a Surbafe with a Scroll. To the Right-hand is a Baft with a Galofs and Flower, and a Surbafe over it with a Fret and ^pTaTE XXXIII. To the Left-hand is a Baft with a Galtfs Fret, and over it a Surbafe with a common Fret. To the Rig - hand is a Bafe with a common Fret, and over it a ur afe win Swelling Freeze inriched. This I think rauft needs have a very good Effe& PLATE XXXIV. A Bafe inriched with a Fret and Flower. The Surbafe inriched with a Scroll and Flower. Here both Ogees are inriched, and both the Bafe and Surbafe join the Dado with Mouldings alike. PLATE XXXV A Bafe inriched with a Scroll and Leaf. The Surbafe with a Fret and Flower. The two Ogees join the Dado alike. PLATE XXXVI. A Bafe with a torus inriched with Leaves, inclofed by two Ogees, which are equal in Proje&on : The Surbajc inriched with a Scroll and Leaf: The two Caverns are inriched and join the Dado alike. PLATE XXXVII. A Bafe with a torus beautifully inriched , over it a Fret and Aftragal inriched with Ribbands and Flowers. A Surbafe with a Scroll, the Mouldings inriched. N.B. In a lower _ AUmanls mav be omitted. PLATE XXXVIII. A rich and grand Surbafe. PLATE XXXIX. Another rich and grand Surbafe. PLATE ( 7 ) PLATE XL. A Bafe with a Fret and Flower. A Surbafe with a different Fret and Flower. The Mouldings are highly inriched. PLATE XLI A very rich Bafe and Surbafe. PLATE XLII. A Bafe inriched with a Fret and Flower. A Surbafe inriched with a Fret and Flower of a different Kind. The Cavettos in both are highly inriched, as is alfo the Ogee, which caps the Surbafe, with five leaved Grafs and Flowers. PLATE XLIII. A Bafe and Surbafe both highly inriched with Frets and Flowers of different Kinds: The Cavettos are alfo very rich. I fupofe I have now given a fufficient Variety of Bafes and Sur- bafes. I lhall next proceed to Cornices. PLATE XLIV. Two common Cornices. PLATE XLV. Two common Cornices different from the former. PLATE XL VI. An Architrave, Freeze and Cornice, the Whole regulated by the Divifions fet upon the Architrave. PLATE XLVII. Two Cornices. PLATE XLVIII. Two Cornices. The fhort curved Line under each Freet denotes Part of a fwelling Freeze. The Meafures are regulated as in the foregoing Plate. PLATE XLIX. Two different Cornices. r> PLATE ( 8 ) PLATE L. Two Cornices'. The uppermoft has a Fret and Flower over the Freeze. PLATE LI. Two Cornices : In the lower one the Fafcia is cut into j Dentils, in the uppermoft it is inriched with a Fret. PLATE LII. Two Cornices, both inriched with Frets. PLATE LIII. A Cornice with a Frufs at the End of the Freeze. To the Right-hand is a Profile of a Frufs the other Way. PLATE LIV. A Cornice and two different Truffes : Inftead of a Dentil in the Bedmould is a Scroll and a Flower. PLATE LV. A Cornice and Profile of a Frufs, whofe Width in Front muft be equal to the Height. PLATE LVI. A Cornice with a Frufs at the End of the Freeze : The Branch of Leave on the Outfide lies upon the Thich- nefs of the Frufs. PLATE LVII. A Cornice and Frufs. Here the Projection of the Cornice and Frufs are equal. PLATE LVIII. An Architrave, Freeze and Cornice. I think a Beclmould of this kind muft have a better Effeift over a fwelling Freeze than what we generally find in Bedmoulds. The Ovolo in the Architrave is inriched with a Nut in its Husk, and a Flower between each Nut. This cannot fail of being a very beautiful Inrichmcnt. PLATE LIX. A Cornice, Freeze, and Part of the Architrave highly inriched. PLATE LX. Another rich Architrave, Freeze, and Cornice. wmm IHHHHHli! ,y/.tir/i /' ep°/t6 ’^acceretinj in af~&itr/ ' fan. !8. */ $/ ■ IfHHHHHHVl > if. tfMufm dctt/fi rm PI: l 'f/-: i^ica/i rttr/v .trrtrr/nt.r fo - -- . j 1 tor „ // Jnnn. dnA. /U&U * tot .* >;jj J'tWw .•«# ■ n: 4 9 ■ i/’ Jwa/1 ll/tA ^ fluAtuAi/ iu*m/iny O’ f&t ef/larAarnmf/■<" K., c ’an. i2ro/t,‘TiMu/ut MCtrrt&np 60 it<-/ / , • • •teujn. A COLLECTION O F DESIGNS I N ARCHITECTURE, CONTAINING New Plans and Elevations of Hous FOR GENERAL USE. WITH A great Variety of Sections of ROOMS; from a common Room to the moft grand and magnificent. THEIR DECORAT IONS, viz. Bases, Surbases, Architraves Freezes, and Cornices, properly inriched with Foliages, Frets and Flowers, in a New and Grand Tafte. WITH Margents and Mouldings for the Penelling; with fome rich Sections to a larger Scale for proportioning the Architraves, Freezes and Cornices to the Heighth of the Rooms. TO WHICH ARE ADDED, Curious DESIGNS of Stone and Timber Bridges, Extending from Twenty Feet to Two Hundred and Twenty, in One Arch. Likewife fome SCREENS and PAVILIONS. IN TWO VOLUMES. Each containing Sixty PLATES, curioufly engraved on Copper. By ABRAHAM SWAN, Architect. VOL. II. LONDON: Printed for and fold by the Author, near the George in Portlani-jlreet , Cavendifh Square ; by MrF> ro ChcrCoi^ over-againft the Roy al- Ex change ; tick ha.lid it tiw "B uch in Pater-nojier Row ; H. Piers and Partner at the Bible and Crown , in High Holbourn. M.DCC.LVII. THE PREFACE. A rchitecture, which is fcarceiy inferior to any other Art in Point of Anti¬ quity, has been honoured with being the Stu¬ dy and the Delight of fome of the greateft Men, even Princes themfelves, in feveral Ages; and not without Reafon, fince there are tew Circumftances in Life that can contribute more to our Eafe and Comfort than a convenient and pleafant Habitation : and hardly any Thing contributes more to the Glory of a Country than fine Buildings. This was not the leaf! Thing that gave Greece and Italy fuch a fu~ perior Figure among the Nations in former Ages. I very much wifh that thefe Labours of mine may contribute in fome Meafure to raife the Glory of my own Country; a Country which abounds with pleafant and extenfive Profpeas ; and is therefore capable IV The PREFACE. of being made as delightful a Country as any in the Univerfe. I had formed, and intended to have pubhlhed, fome grander and more pompous Defigns; but then conlidering to how few Perfons they would be ufeful and that they would confiderably inhance the Price of the Book, I determined to omit them. Thefe which I have now publifhed will, I hope, be of general Ufe, and I have no Reafon to doubt of their being favoura¬ bly received from the Acceptance which my former Works have met with ; and efpecially as thefe have been examined and approved by fome of the greatell Mailers of this Art. I hope that whatever Defedls may be obferved in any of them will be candidly excufed, conlidering what a Number of Defigns are contained in thefe two Volumes, and that they are all of my own contriving and drawing. Such a Number without Faults would be next to impoflible, and indeed we find with the moll careful and deliberate lnfpe£tion there will Hill remain fome Room for Improvements ; and indeed it cannot be fuppofed that fo much Time and Care has been laid out on every one of thefe as if I had publilh- ed but a Quarter of the Number. A c O *L L E C T I O F designs, r_5^£J LATE L A De % n for a Houfeof Four Rooms HI p || u P on a F1 °or, with Two Stair cafes which are fo SVxWsfl pIaCed that CVery R °° m in the Houfe is P rivate - kk'ii.Wkji! U P on th e Right-hand is a circular Colonnade which leads into the Garden through the belt Stair-cale j that on the Left-hand is for the Servants. PLATE II. ADelign for a Houfe of Five Rooms upon a Floor, with Two Stair-cafes. PLATE Iir. A Delign for a Houfe of Six Rooms upon a Floor. As you enter into this Houfe the Vifto through the Co¬ lumns makes a grand Appearance. B PLATE ( 2 ) PLATE IV. A Defign for a Houfe of Five Rooms upon a Moor. The heft: Stair-cale goes up in a fmall Hall. In this De¬ fign the Stair-cales are fo placed as to preferve every Room pri¬ vate. Here the Right-hand Room backwards is the beft Room, which is luppoled to have the beft Profpea; for the beft Rooms need not always be in the Front, but may be placed in the Back- part of the Houfe, when that affords the beft Profpeff. PLATE V. A Defign for a Houfe of Five Rooms upon a Floor with Two Stair cafes. Here alfo the back Room to the Left- hand is the beft Room. In this Elevation the Windows of the lower Story are all arched. TV. B. There ought to be an extraordinary Tie or Bondage over all Arches, othcrwife they will be apt to fplit. PLATE VI. In this Plan thejre are only Four Rooms upon a Floor, which are continued Ihree Stories high ; the other Four Rooms in the two Wings may be either for Offices or other Ufes, according as the Largenefs of the Family requires. PLATE VII. A Defign for a Houle of Six Rooms upon a Floor. The beft Stair-cafe goes up in a fmall Hall. PLATE VIII. A Defign for a Houle of Seven Rooms upon a Floor. The beft Stairs go up in the Hall, which is feperated from the Paffage by an Arcade. PLATE IX. A Defign for a Houle of Six Rooms upon a Floor. Here the Stair-cafe is feperated from the Hall by a Screen of Columns. If any Perlon Ihould choofe to have Two Windows in each Wing of this Houfe, as fuppoftng that would make a more iiraceful l ront, fuch an Alteration may eafily be made ; but I am of Opinion that this, as well as all the other Houfes in thefe De- figns, ( 5 ) figna, are fufficiently lighted; and there is this Inconvenience in multiplying Windows beyond what is needful, that they let in a great deal of Heat and a great deal of Cold, and befides they weaken the Building. PLATE X. A Defign for a Houfe of Seven Rooms upon a Floor. The Saloon in the back Front has the fame Advantage as an Octogon or Bow-Window, by having three different Prof- pc.'is. The Height of the principal Story of this Houle is 15 Feet, of the Chamber Story 13, and of the Attic Story 11. PLATE XI. A Defign for a Houfe of Six Rooms upon a Floor and “Three Drefiing-rooms. The Height of the principal Story is 18 Feet, of the Chamber Story 16 Feet. The Garrets are lighted from the Middle of the Roof. PLATE XII. A Defign for a Houfe of Six Rooms upon a Floor, with Two Dreffing-rooms and Two Stair-cafes. As you pafs from the Hall to the Saloon you have a View of both Stair-cafes through a Venetian Arch. The Two Columns which Hand in the Hall belong to a Partition which is Eight Feet from the Front, in which there is a Door and Two Windows. This is defigned both for Grandeur and Convenience. PLATE XIII. A Defign for a Houfe of Six Rooms upon a Floor, with One Dreffing-room and Two Stair-cafes. The Height of the firft Story is 15 Feet 6 Inches, of the Chamber Story 14, and of the Attic 9. The Garrets are lighted from the Middle, that fo no Garret Windows may appear on the Out-fidc; for Windows in the Roof have no good Effefl, and had better be omitted where it conveniently can be. PLATE XIV. A Defign for a Honfe of Six Rooms upon a Floor, with One Dreffing-room and Two Stair-cafes. In the Front is ( 4 ) is a Portico of the Corinthian Order, the Dimenfions are 30 Feet by 1 , the Height of the Columns is 28 Feet 6 Inches. Within the Portico is a Gallery for the Lie of the Chamber Story. The Garrets may be lighted as in the laft Defign. PLATE XV. A Defign for a Houfe of Six Rooms on a Floor, with Two Stair-cafes. The Hall is 30 Feet fquare, to the Right-hand of which is a Room of 30 Feet by 20 ; that to the Left-hand is 20 Feet fquare. The Saloon is an Odtagon 36 Feet long and 30 broad. The Height of the principal Story is 15 Feet ; that of the Chamber Story is 13, and the Height of the Offices in the Wings and under the Houfe is 11 Feet clear. PLATE XVI. A Defign for a Houfe of Ten Rooms upon a Floor. On the Out fide of the Front there appear Two Odfagons of the fame Dimenfions; but the Infide of the Rooms to which they relate, are, for Variety Sake, made fomewhat different. One is o&angular, the other is circular at both Ends. The Hall is 32 Feet by 24, the Saloon is 46 by 28, the Drawing-room is 37 by 24, the Height of the Bafement Story is 12 Feet, the Principal Story 18, and the Chamber S tory 14. P LATE XVII. A Defign for a Houfe of Nine Rooms upon a Floor. At each End of the Houfe is a Bow. The Room with¬ in that on the Left-hand is 36 Feet long and 22 broad, that on the Right-hand is 46 by 22. This may be either for a Room or a grand Stair-cafe, as the Conveniency of the Family may require. The Dimenfions of the Hall are 30 Feet by 21. As you enter this Hall you face a Venetian Arch, with a Nich on each Side of it. The Saloon is 30 Feet by 40 ; the Height of the Bafement Story is 12 Feet 6 Inches clear, the Principal St; ory is 27 Feet, and the Chamber Story 15. Over the fmall R ooms, viz. the Two Rooms on each Side the Hall, may be made -•jezanines or Half Stories, for Lodging-rooms, or for other Ufes. PLATE (5 ) PLATE XVIII. A Defign for a Houfe of Nine Rooms upon a Floor with Four Stair-cafes. The Two Circles oppofite the Two great Stair-cafes are for Water-clofets. Every Room in this Honfe has Two different Views; that in the Fore-front and that in the Back-front have Three which take in a more extenfive Profpea than a Bow does. This Houfe has Four Porticoes with coupled Columns of the Ionic Order. The Height of the Principal Storv is iz Feet, that of the Chamber Story is i 3 ■ Mezinines may be made over the linaller Rooms. If a Dome Ihould not be approved of, a circular Rail or Balluftrade may be fet upon the Plinth at A inftead of it. The great Stair-cafes may be made Rooms, and One grand Stair-cafe carried up in the Middle. PLATE XIX. A Defign for a Houfe of Seven Rooms upon a Floor. The circular R oom under the Dome will have an a- greeable View to the Right-hand and to the Left, through a Vifto of Columns. The grand Stair-cafe might be omitted, fince there are Three other Stair-cafes of fufficient Dimenfions. The cen¬ ter Room may be made public or private by Means of the Sliders which are marked in the Plan. The Height of the Principal Story is 17 Feet, that of the Chamber Story Is to Inftead of the Dome a circular Balluftrade may be fet upon the Plinth over the Win¬ dows at the Bottom of the Dome. PLATE XX. A Defign for a Houfe of Ten Rooms upon a Floor, and Two Dreffing-rooms. The great Stair-cafes may be made very light, and they are fo contrived as to keep every Room private. r 1 PLATE XXL Contains the Four Sides of a fmall Room. If neither this, nor any of the following Defigns, Ihould exaflly fuit the Size of your Rooms, the Dimenfions may be eafily either en¬ larged or con traced, fo as to fuit your Size, C PLATE PLATE XXII. ( 6 ) Four Sides of a different Room, PL A TE XXIII. Four Sides of a larger Room. PLATE XXIV. Three Sides of a Room. PLATE XXV. Three Sides of a Room in the Doric Order. Here the Margents are made large, and ornamented with Lions Heads and Feftoons which are fuitable to this Order. The Tn- glyphs and the Metopes, or Spaces between them, mud: be fo or¬ dered as that a Triglyph may be over the Middle of each Mar- gent and a Metope over the Middle of each large Pannel. Here the Doors are placed in the Opening of the Pannel, which hath a better Effe£t than when the Door join the Margents. 1 he Win¬ dows are fixed in the Space of the Pannels. PLATE XXVI. Three Sides of a Room richly ornamented. PLATE XXVII. This Plate contains Two diftindt Defigns. The Uppcrmoft is a Cove fupported by Four Corinthian Columns, which bears up the Corners of the Four fquare Ceilings in the Four Angles of the Room. The Cove fupports a level Part, which makes a Crofs in the Ceiling. This Cove properly decorated either with Pannels or Painting mu ft needs have a fine EffedL This Defign would fuit a Room of 40 Feet Square to 36, or fomewhat under. The lower Defign is for the End of the Hall; a Door in the Cen¬ ter, and a Nich on each Side of it. PLATE XXVUI. Contains Three Screens, the loweft is a plain one of the Ionic Order, that in the Middle has a Venetian Arch in the Center, and the Entablature breaks over each Column. I made one much like this to inclofe a grand Bed, which ftood facing the great Arch, the two Side Arches ftood upon a Bow- Plan, and it had a fine Effeft. The Upper-moft is a very grand Screen ( 7 ) Screen with Three Venetian Arches. Here the Entablature might be broke over the Columns, as in that next below it. PLATE XXIX, XXX, XXXI, XXXII. Thefe four Plates contain the four Sides of a Defign for a grand Stair-cafe, which I made for the Duke of Athol . The Height of the lower Story is II Feet, which is the Height of the Offices. The next Story is 16 Feet high. The next Story over this, in which feme of the Rooms are coved, is 26 Feet high. The Stair-cafe is near 21 Feet fquare. I apprehend thefe Plates need no further Explication. PLATE XXXIII. This is hardly a greater Error in Archi- tefture, than in difpofing the Dados and the Entablatures to the Height of the Rooms. When the Entablature is too large and the Dado too high, the Room appears lower than it really is, whereas a light Entablature and the Dado of a moderate Size, gives Height to the upper Pannel, in which the Grandure and Ele¬ gance of a Room does very much confift. Befides when the Dado is too high, the Site of the Windows mull needs be too high; "which may Ipoil the Profpedt out of the Windows to Perfens in the Room. A Fifth Part of the Height of the Room has been ufually allowed to the Dado; but I think this mud rot be a ge¬ neral Rule, for then if the Room be 10 Feet high, the Dado will be but 2 Feet, but if it be 20 Feet high the Dado will be 4 Feet; but I look upon both thefe to be Extreams, and the latter efpeci- ally to be a very inconvenient one; for if the Dado be 4 Feet high, to which add the Stop for the Shutters and the lower Rail of the Saffi, a Perfon of^ moderate Size mud dand clofe to the Windows to fee any Thing on the Ground, near the Building. If the Room be 10 Feet high, I ihould think about 2 Feet 5 Inches would be a moderate Height for the Dado ; and for every Foot that the Room is higher than Ten , let 3- 4 ths of an Inch, or 7 Sthsat mod, be added to the Dado. 1 his Method has had a good Effe.d, and has ( 8 ) has been much approved by fome skillful Judges and Perfons of good Tafte. The Decorations of the Centers, or Middle Pannels, may be regulated by the Scale in this Plate, which I apprehend needs no further Explication, efpecially as the Scale is large. PLATE XXXIV. Two Center Pannels, the lower one is fup- pofed to have a Door under it. The Cornice to each Room is an Eighteenth Part of the Height. PLATE XXXV. The Middle Part of Two Rooms; the Cor¬ nices in the fame Proportion as in the laft Plate. PLATE XXXVI. The Center Pannel of a Room, fomewhat in the Venetian Tafte, where the Pannels are large and fmall ones between them. Here the Freeze is made large to receive the Fo¬ liage which is carved upon it, fo that the Architrave is only an Ogee and Bead with a Fillet ; for you are always to obfcrve, that when you intend Foliages or other Inrichments for the Freeze, which will make it neceffary that the Freeze Ihould be inlarged, the Ar¬ chitrave muft be diminifhed, fo that the whole Entablature may not exceed its proper Dimenfion which is regulated by the Height of its Cornice. The Cornice of this Room is one Eighteenth Part of the whole Height. Divide the Cornice into Five equal Parts, as in PLATE XXXIII. Three fuch Parts are given to the Freeze and Four to the Architrave ; but when the Freeze is inlarged as it is here, what is added to the Freeze muft be taken from the Architrave. All thefe Defigns are drawn different for the Sake of Variety and to fuit different Taftes. PLATE XXXVII. A Defignfor the Middle of the Side of a Room. The Cornice is one Eighteenth Part of the Whole. Her® the Freeze is enriched in a different Manner from that in the former Plate, and the Architrave left lomewhat larger. PLATE ( 9 ) PLATE XXXVIII- A Defign for the Center of a Side of a PlT: th H l re the C °™ ce is ; n ! he fama Proportion a s in the former Plate , the Freeze is differently mnched, and more is left to the Ar Chitrave. I apprehend the Two Eagles holding the Fefioons down Effe cp arSentS ’ WUh thC reft ° f the Decorations would hare a good t^ A ?-™. ' Another Center of 1 Side of a Room eight is divided into Seventeen Parts and an Half. Two Half arts give the Size of the Cornice. Here the Freeze is very lar