VIEWS OF POMPEII. 
 
 DRAWN ON STONE 
 
 BY J. D. HARDING; 
 
 AFTER DRAWINGS 
 
 BY WILLIAM LIGHT, ESQ. 
 
 LATE ON THE STAIF OF THE .ARMY UNDER THE DUKE OF WF.LLINGTON IN THE HE.NTNSUL' 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR JAMES CARPENTER AND SON, 
 OLD BOND STREET. 
 
 1828. 
 
wiiirrmaiuM, coijjwe iiorsB, cmswicK 
 
 THE 6CTTY CENKif 
 UBRARY 
 
LIST OF VIEWS 
 
 No. 
 
 Pi.AN OF Pompeii. 
 
 1. ViLi,.\ OF Diomedes. 
 o. Street of the Tomes. 
 
 3. The Inn. 
 
 4. Semicircular Seats. 
 
 5. The Herculaneum Gate. 
 
 6. VlEIV FRO.M THE HeRCULANEUM GaTE. 
 
 7. View from the Walls. 
 
 8. PuiiLtc Bake House. 
 
 9. House of Caius Sallust. 
 
 10. One of the Fountains at the Corner of tile Street. 
 
 11. Temple of Fortune. 
 
 l‘i. Entrance to the Forum. 
 
 13. Foro Civile, looking towards the Temple of Jupiter. 
 
 14. Foro Civile, looking towards CastelF a Mare. 
 
 1.5. Basilica. 
 
 16. Temple of Venus. 
 
 17. Portico leading to the Temple of Hercules. 
 
 18. Temple of Hercules. 
 
 19. Temple of Hercules, looking towards the Portico. 
 
 20. Tragic Theatre. 
 
 21. Comic Theatre. 
 
 22. Temple of Isis. 
 
 23. Te.mple of TEsculapius, and Sculptor’s Shop. 
 
 24. Amphitheatre. 
 
 25. Nola Gate. 
 
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 Tlif nuniliBrs corraepoad Co tile numbed of tlie plate 
 
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■^3UL;iLiA ®3f 2)3®SSnEmi3E 
 
No. I. 
 
 VILLA OF DIOMEDES. 
 
 This villa is supposed to have belonged to IMarcus Arrius Diomedes, 
 as the large tomb opposite the house on the left side of the street of 
 the tombs bears an inscription with his name. It was the first 
 excavated in Pompeii in the year 1775 ; Sir W. Gell calls it the Villa 
 Suburbana. The house has two stories, the upper one contains a 
 very complete bath and several small rooms ; at the back of the 
 house is a long terrace overlooking the garden. On the ground 
 floor are several apartments nearly perfect, and ornamented, as well 
 as the upper ones, with paintings, coloured stucco, and mosaics. 
 Round the garden is a covered portico ; underneath which is a 
 subterranean passage supposed to have been used as a cellar, as 
 several large jars were found in it ; in this passage were also found 
 seventeen skeletons, one of which from having a number of gold 
 ornaments is supposed to have been the lady of the house. Another 
 skeleton, supposed to be the master, was found at the entrance with 
 several coins and gold ornaments in one hand and a key in the 
 other; behind him was a skeleton with vases of bronze and silver. 
 In the centre of the garden is a reservoir for water; and at the farther 
 end was a small temple, the six pillars of which still remain. 
 
fy J Carpmttri'StK.CH 3m£ Slnti 
 
No. II. 
 
 STREET OF THE TOMBS. 
 
 This street, which is a part of the Via Appia, has tombs on each 
 side. The first large tomb on the left with the two small blocks 
 appear, from the inscriptions they bear, to have belonged to Marcus 
 Arrius Diomedes and his family : next is a small tomb with the 
 name of Xuelasius Grains, who, according to the inscription, lived 
 twelve years. The large tomb which follows is that of Lucius Ceius; 
 and the last, which is a handsome marble tomb, was, according to 
 the inscription, erected by Alleia Hecimilla, public priestess of 
 Ceres, to her husband Luccius Libella, and to her son M. Alleius 
 Libella. The small door on the right hand leads to the building 
 appointed for the funeral repast called Silicernium; it contains a 
 Triclinium. The marble tomb which follows appears, from the 
 inscription, to be that of Nevoleia Tyche, raised during her lifetime 
 for herself and C. Munatius Faustus, Augustal, and also for her and 
 his freedmen and women*. It is ornamented with bassi relievi; 
 the side towards the triclinium has a representation of a ship. The 
 next tomb on the left was erected to Calventius Quietus Augustal : 
 after this is a circular tomb without any inscription, and ivhich is 
 supposed to have been a public one ; the interior is about six feet 
 in diameter, and contains several small niches, in which were found 
 cinerary urns. The last tomb on the left is that of Scaurus ; it is 
 very curious from being covered with bassi relievi, representing 
 gladiatorial combats ; this tomb is high and of a square form ; at 
 the end of this street is the Uerculanean Gate. 
 
 Sir W. Cell. 
 
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No. III. 
 
 THE INN. 
 
 Tins building, on the left side of the Street of the Tombs, after the 
 tomb of Alleia Decimilla, is supposed to have been the inn ; it was 
 placed outside of the town because strangers were not allowed to 
 sleep within the w'alls. Here were found remains of wheels, the 
 skeleton of an ass, and a piece of brass like a horse's bit. Near 
 the inn is a semicircular roofed seat ornamented with beautiful 
 stucco work ; in this seat was found the skeleton of a woman with a 
 child in her arms, and two children near her. Three gold rings, 
 one of which was shaped like a serpent, and two pair of earrings 
 enriched with pearls, were also found here. 
 
/.Carpericr S: CicrjMiSftKl- 
 
No. IV. 
 
 SEMICIRCULAR SEATS. 
 
 These seats are on the right hand, close to the Herculaneum gate; 
 the first has the following inscription, in large letters, at the back of 
 the seat : 
 
 Mammije P. P. Sacerdoti Public* Locus Sepultur* Datus Decurionuni Decreto. 
 
 from whence it appears to have been dedicated to the public 
 priestess Mammia, whose tomb stands immediately behind the seat ; 
 each end of this seat is carved like a lion’s claw, and the ends of the 
 other like a gryphon’s : the inscription which was on the other seat 
 has been removed to the Musco Rorbonico. 
 

 C»iy>fnter iJtKt/idSfnd Jtriet 
 
No. V. 
 
 THE HERCULANEUM GATE. 
 
 Tins is one of the four entrances to Pompeii, the others are the 
 Nola Gate, the Sarno or Sea Gate, and the Isiac Gate near the 
 Temple of Isis. The Herculaneum Gate, so called from leading 
 towards the city of Herculaneum, had three arches ; the centre one, 
 which was used for carriages, is now' destroyed, and was about 
 fourteen feet in width ; the two smaller ones on each side for pedes- 
 trians are nearly perfect, they are four feet and a half in width, 
 and about ten in height. There is an inner and an outer wall, and 
 the depth of the whole is about forty-seven feet. The side arches 
 are covered over, and communicate with the centre by two arch- 
 ways ; the whole is built of stuccoed brick and is totally devoid of 
 
 ornament. 
 


 No. VI. 
 
 VIEW FROM THE HERCULANEUM GATE. 
 
 This view is taken from the inside of the Herculaneum Gate looking 
 down the principal street. The first building on the left is a Thermo- 
 poliuin or shop for selling Coffee and hot medicated draughts ; on 
 the marble slab in front of the shop are the marks of the cups or 
 glasses, here is also a stove with large earthen jars : next to this Shop 
 is the House of the Vestals. The other buildings on this side are 
 the Anatomical Theatre, where a great many chirurgical instruments 
 were found ; the Ponderarium or Custom House, where were found 
 a number of steelyards, weights, and scales, also a iveight in the form 
 of a Mercury, weighing twenty-two ounces, and a Bake-House, vide 
 View No. VIII. The first building on the left is called the Post 
 House ; here were found several pieces of Iron shaped like the tire 
 of wheels; further down on this side is the Academy of Music, which 
 contained several pieces of iron and paintings relative to Music. 
 

 
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 TAK.E'N TROM THE WALLS , CLOSX TO THE HE R. C TJ- L A. il Z XT M &ATE. 
 
No. VII. 
 
 \'IEW FROM THE WALLS. 
 
 This view is taken from the walls close to the Herculaneum Gate; 
 the building in front is called the House of the Vestals, and contains, 
 like most of the other houses in Pompeii, an open court, surrounded 
 with pillars, some of which still remain ; there are also a number of 
 rooms paved with mosaic, and ornamented with paintings and 
 coloured stucco. On the floor, in one of the doorways, the word 
 S.iT.vE (IJdcome) is wrought in Mosaic, and in another are two 
 serpents. Here were found several gold female ornaments, and the 
 skeletons of a man and a dog. In the distance is Monte Sant' 
 Angelo, Casteir a Mare, and the promontory of Sorrento. 
 

 
(M' V'i 
 
 if' Jl CxrpwJzr Ji 
 

 No. IX. 
 
 HOUSE OF CAIUS SALLUST. 
 
 This house is one of the largest yet discovered in Pompeii, and is 
 supposed to have belonged to Caius Sallust, from his name being- 
 written in red paint on the outside of the House. The entrance is 
 paved with mosaics, and at the back of the House is a place painted 
 with birds and shrubs to represent a garden, at one end of which is 
 a Triclinium, with a pillar for supporting the Table ; between the 
 Court and the back of the House is a room where a beautifully fine 
 Mosaic w-as found representing Masks : in one of the rooms on 
 the right is a painting of Diana and Acta-on, and in a very small 
 room adjoining is a fine painting of Mars, Venus, and Cupid ; the 
 floor of this room is beautifully paved with African marbles. In 
 this House were found a gold vase weighing three ounces, bronze 
 vases, a small statue, and several coins. Close to the House were 
 found a candelabrum, a small silver dish, several bronze vases, 
 above thirty coins, five armlets, two earrings, and four skeletons. 
 
mm 
 
 J Ctcrptmto" i JfK CH 3rAd Strmt. 
 
No. X. 
 
 ONE OF THE FOUNTAINS AT THE CORNER 
 OF THE STREET. 
 
 Most of the places where two streets meet are ornamented with 
 Fountains ; the one represented in this view is at the corner of the 
 main street leading from the Herculaneum Gate ; the street in front 
 is one of the lesser ones which leads down to the back of the 
 buildings before described ; on the left side is a Bake-House, 
 which forms part of the House of Panza; a loaf of bread was found 
 here, which is now placed in the Museum ; it bears the following 
 inscription on the top : 
 
 SiLiGo Cranii 
 E. CiCER*. 
 
 Siligo, a sort of Flour. 
 

®1T 3T (SJBtTTSJM® 
 
No. XI. 
 
 TEMPLE OF FORTUNE. 
 
 Two flights of steps lead up to this Temple, in front of which are 
 pieces of iron, which appear to be the remains of an iron railing : 
 very little was found in this Temple except some handsome capitals 
 and mouldings : the building is very small, but as the ground at the 
 back of it is not yet cleared away, much of the Temple probably 
 remains to be uncovered: the Archway close to the Temple cor- 
 responds with the one leading into the Forum in the following view, 
 from whence one is led to suppose that it is the commencement of 
 a main street, leading from the Forum through these two Archways. 
 The Government are now excavating the ground beyond the further 
 Arch, in hope of finding one of the principal streets of Pompeii, but 
 they employ so few men, that their excavations get on but slowly. 
 
 

CAT/nUif t J>7t. 3sK<i Str} 
 
No. XII. 
 
 ENTRANCE TO THE FORUIH. 
 
 liiE Archway in this view before-mentioned leads into the Eorum, 
 and corresponds with a similar one on the other side of the Temple 
 of Jupiter . it is nearly thirteen feet in width ; and does not appear 
 to have been ornamented, except by two columns with a niche 
 between on each side. 
 

0S-3-SJLIE jtsjj® aaxfiffaa ® if ins a' lira: a. 
 

 No. XIII. 
 
 rORO CIVILK 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS TUT. TEMPLE OF .TUPITER. 
 
 Tins view is taken from the southern part of the Forum ; at the 
 northern extremity is the Temple of Jupiter, so called from a fine 
 head of that deity having been found there. It appears to have 
 been a very magnificent building ; tivo flights of steps, which seem 
 to have been much shaken by earthquakes, lead up to the Vestibule. 
 There are the remains of fluted Corinthian columns, three feet eight 
 inches in diameter. The Celia is beautifully paved with mosaics ; 
 on each side are eight Ionic columns about twenty-three inches in 
 diameter, many of which are nearly perfect, the walls are orna- 
 mented with coloured stucco, and at the farther end are the sm; 
 cells, very low, and vaulted ; behind them is a staircase, and a 
 passage. In this temple were found two feet, the torso, and the 
 face of a very large colossal statue. 
 

Sa®®ms2r®' ’3?®wA3&ro© QASS':a53L mjt^n . 
 
No. XIV. 
 
 FORO CIVILE 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS CASTELl’ A MARE. 
 
 This view of the Forum is taken from the Portico of the Temple of 
 Jupiter, looking towards Castell’ a Mare; in the distance is Monte 
 St. Angelo. 
 
No. XV. 
 
 BASILICA. 
 
 Tins building, placed at the south-western extremity of the Forum, 
 appears to have been very magnificent, and of considerable size ; it 
 is connected with the Forum by an open court, from whence several 
 very deep steps lead up to the Basilica, which was a court for the 
 administration of justice. The building is of a quadrilateral form, 
 one hundred and ninety feet in length, and seventy-two feet in 
 breadth ; in the interior are twenty-eight Corinthian columns, and 
 against the wall are Corinthian half pillars. The walls are covered 
 with stucco of various colours, on one of the outer walls the word 
 “ Basilica” is written in red paint. At the farther end of the 
 Basilica is the Tribunal for the Judges; it is considerably raised, 
 and underneath it are subterranean rooms, which were probably used 
 as prisons. In front of the tribunal is a large pedestal, supposed to 
 have supported a bronze statue, of which the legs were found. 
 

No. XVI. 
 
 TEMPLE OF VENUS. 
 
 This beautiful temple has been so called from part of a female 
 statue having been found in excavating it. The form of this temple 
 is quadrilateral, and it appears to have been of considerable size. 
 On each side of the temple was a portico, separated from the interior 
 by forty-eight pillars, which were originally Doric, but are turned 
 into Corinthian by means of plaster. The Celia, which is paved 
 ivith mosaics, is approached by fifteen steps, and was surrounded 
 with pillars, which are now destroyed. In front of the steps is the 
 great altar, with an inscription on each side. On the walls are 
 various paintings of Bacchus and Silenus, Achilles and Agamemnon, 
 and several architectural subjects ; on one side of the temple is a 
 Henna, representing a Vestal. 
 


 5P® ms ©s* ms:£.Qwas©. 
 
No. XVII. 
 
 PORTICO 
 
 LEADING TO THE TEMPLE OF HERCULES. 
 
 lnis Portico is situated on the right hand of the continuation of the 
 \'ia Appia leading out of the Forum, and consists of eight fluted 
 tufo columns of the Ionic order, twenty-five inches in diameter, 
 widi very handsome capitols. In front of the Portico, on one side, 
 is a small fountain ; two doorways open from the Portico into a long 
 colonnade which leads to the upper part of the Tragic Theatre. 
 

 wrewffBa; ®3f aiaiffi.e'B'ii® ® sroeEisr® ss'srjs.®® s ®astms< a mja®,® 
 

 No. XVIII. 
 
 TEMPLE OF HERCULES 
 
 1 HIS view is taken from the Portico before mentioned; on the right 
 is a colonnade of Doric pillars, twenty-one inches in diameter, 
 which corresponds with the colonnade on the left hand leading to 
 the Tragic Theatre. The Temple of Hercules is placed on the brow 
 of the hill overlooking the plain toivards Castell' a IMare, and the sea 
 on the right. Very little of this temple now remains, it is supposed 
 to have been destroyed before the entombing of Pompeii, and was 
 more ancient than any of the other buildings. The columns appear 
 to have been of the Doric order, and were three feet ten inches in 
 diameter; the platform, which is quadrilateral, is raised on three 
 steps, and is ninety feet long, and sixty wide. In the distance is 
 Monte Sant’ Angelo, Castell’ a Mare, and the site of ancient 
 Stabix. 
 
J^HWhuLiyt'inj’miiriSfK.OldBffKZ Strt^. 
 
No. XIX. 
 
 TEMPLE OF HERCULES 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS THE PORTICO. 
 
 This view is taken from the eastern side of the temple. In front is 
 a small altar, which was surrounded by eight Doric columns of tufo, 
 ten inches in diameter ; on the right is a small enclosure, supposed 
 to have been used for confining the victims ; on the western side, at 
 a little distance from the temple, is a small semicircular seat orna- 
 mented with lion's claws, in tufo, similar to those in view No. IV. 
 
'. m i 
 

/ /5T- ■‘^v/ 
 
 No. XX. 
 
 TRAGIC THEATRE. 
 
 This theatre is the largest of two, which are all that have as yet 
 been discovered in Pompeii ; it is built of tufo, and lined with 
 Parian marble : from some of the steps having been very much 
 worn, and others quite new, one is led to suppose that it was 
 undergoing repairs at the time of the destruction of Pompeii. A 
 corridor runs all round the back of the theatre, from whence one 
 door leads into the colonnade before mentioned, and another to a 
 street on the other side. This theatre does not appear to have been 
 covered except by a temporary awning, the places for supporting 
 the poles of which still remain. The orchestra, stage, &c. still 
 remain tolerably perfect. A curule chair for the chief magistrate 
 was found placed on the right of the orchestra. At the top is 
 corridor, which was covered over for the women. 
 


 AMuiud ^ J iMptniar hSim OltLSmdi Sirtd . 
 
No. XXI. 
 
 COMIC THEATRE. 
 
 This theatre is much smaller than the Tragic Theatre, and is in 
 very good preservation. It is built like the other of tufo, and was 
 roofed, as appears from an inscription found in the theatre. It is 
 by some supposed to have been the Odeum for music. The 
 Orchestra which is paved with marble has a brass plate with the 
 following inscription ; 
 
 M’OLCONIVS M • F‘ VERVS ■ II • Vlll PRO'LVDIS. 
 
 Two tickets for admission to the theatre were found : they were 
 of bone, with numbers, letters, a Greek word on one side, and a 
 drawing of a theatre on the other. 
 
flfl' 
 
 Jilifuh’U iy C'lC^cKio' & 'im. f 
 
'^Wh'/W 
 
 
 No. XXII. 
 
 TEMPLE OF ISIS. 
 
 This temple is in very good preservation : a flight of steps leads up 
 to the cella, in front of which are several pillars ; in the interior is 
 the altar, on which was found a statue of the goddess to whom the 
 temple was dedicated ; under the altar are the hiding places of the 
 priests who spoke for the oracle ; and at the back are the secret 
 stairs : the cella is paved with mosaics ; on the two small altars on 
 each side of the temple, used for sacrificing the victims, were found 
 the Isiac Tables, which are now in the INIuseo Borbonico ; the temple 
 was surrounded by a portico, the pillars of which still remain. On 
 the left is an enclosed place which covered the sacred well, it is 
 decorated with stucco ornaments ; behind it were the dwelling- 
 houses of the priests, whose skeletons were found in the Refectory, 
 where they appear to have been at dinner when the town was 
 destroyed, as burnt bread, eggs, chicken bones, &c. were found 
 here. In another place, supposed to be the kitchen, culinary utensils 
 were found, containing bones ; here was likewise found a skeleton 
 leaning against the wall, with a hatchet in his hand. In the temple 
 were found paintings, statues, sacrificial vessels, couches, candelabra, 
 tripods, c&c. all of which are now placed in the Museum. 
 

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No. XXIII. 
 
 TEMPLE OF tESCULAPIUS, 
 
 AND SCULPTOR'S SHOP. 
 
 Ihis temple is so called from a statue of iEsculapius having been 
 found on the altar, with two other statues : a flight of steps lead up 
 to the cella, of which little more than the walls remain ; in the space 
 in front is the altar, which is small, and shaped like a sarcophagus : 
 adjoining the temple on the left, is a room called the Sculptor’s 
 Shop, where several pieces of marble, and unfinished statues were 
 found, likewise several tools. 
 
/w 
 
 No. XXIV. 
 
 AMPHITHEATRE. 
 
 The amphitheatre is a fine building, of an oval form, and is by some 
 said to have contained thirty thousand people, but it probably did 
 contain twenty thousand ; when this building was first excavated, 
 the fresco paintings on the walls were found quite fresh; but the 
 damp and exposure to air have since caused them to fall to pieces : 
 a subterranean corridor surrounds the Amphitheatre ; round the 
 arena were paintings and various inscriptions, the latter are still 
 discernible : from the gallery above is a beautiful view of the 
 surrounding country. 
 
nil 
 
 Juli i - cUj i./i/ik k'. li iu z:M 
 
BULK ®rj6i»ai. 
 
No. XXV. 
 
 NOLA GATE. 
 
 This gate is the entrance to Pompeii from the north-east ; it is built 
 of tufo, and totally devoid of ornament ; a few of the houses in the 
 street leading from this gate have been excavated, but so little was 
 found, to reward the trouble, that the excavations in this quarter 
 have been discontinued.