{ 
 
 RARY- OF-CONGRESS = 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Che Library of Congress Mural Paintings 
 Inu the Colors of the Originals 
 ) 
 1. THE LIBRARY FROM THE CAPITOL. Che Evolution of the Book. Che WMtosaic Mantels. 
 By Joun W. ALEXANDER. By FrepertcK DIELMAN. 
 21. HsTrory 
 11. THE CAIRN. a : 
 Che Poetry Series, The Heap of Boulders Erected by Primitive Man as a Mytngloey and Tradition—Pyramids, Parthenon, 
 Me: iE 
 By H. O. WaLkEr. pe cog 22. Law. 
 12. ORAL TRADITION. With Truth, Peace and Industry; Fraud, Discord and 
 2. Tue Muss or Lyric Poetry. The Tale of the Eastern Story Teller. Violence, 
 Attendedhby: eassion): Beautypa Mirna Paces tr uthiand 13. THe HIEROGLYPHIC. Che Ereek Heroes. 
 | Devotion. : Inscribed on the Monuments of Egypt. By Water McEwen. 
 | 3. TENNYSON’s GANYMEDE. : 14. THe PIcTOGRAPH. 23. HERCULES. 
 | Borne to Olympus by Jove in the Form of an Eagle. The American Indian’s Picture Writing on Skin. With the Distaff Spinning for Queen Omphale. 
 | 4. Keat’s ENDYMION. 15. THE Manuscript. 24. PROMETHEUS. 
 | The Shepherd Boy Asleep on Mount Latmus, | Illuminated by the Monks of the Middle Ages. Cautioning Epimetheus against Pandora, 
 | 5. Worpswortn’s Boy or WINANDER. 16. Tue Printinc Press. 25. ORPHEUS. 
 ' | At Evening by the Glimmering Lake, Invented by Gutenberg in the Year 1456. Slain by the Bacchantes. 
 6. SHAKESPEARE’s ADONIS. 26. PERSEUS. 
 Slain by the Wild Boar, Stairway of the Entrance Pavilion, Confronang Polydectes with the Head of the Gorgon 
 edausa, 
 y 
 7._ Mirton’s Comus. 17. Martiny’s Bronze Torcu BEARER 27. THESEUS 
 Listening to the Lady’s Song, : A z = & 
 8 E Reon Uein pene Command of Minerva Deserting the Sleeping 
 . IME * 5, : 
 | “Gave his sentiment divine Che Whosaic Minerva. 28. BELLEROPHON. 
 | Against the being of a line. By Exvrau VeEppeEr. Receiving from Minerva the Winged Horse Pegasus, 
 | 18. THE MINERVA OF PEACE. 29. ACHILLES. 
 | Disguised as a School Girl Discovered by Ulysses. 
 | Tihuses. apatons of | 30. JASON. 
 By Epwarp SIMMoNS | Che Occupations 9 the Day. Enlisting the Argonauts in the Quest of the Golden Fleece. 
 | | By CHarLES SPRAGUE PEARCE. I; 3t- Paris. 
 | 9. MELPOMENE. 19. RELIGION. At the Home of Menelaus and Helen, 
 Muse of Tragedy. Worship bef an Altar of Fire. 
 B u Cat : wae orship before an eS ; ire The Entrance Pavilion. 
 : ALL Dp 20. Ie Seasons. 
 ) AAaie ch Epienbeeieraade miacachee Pare ee 32. COLUMNS OF THE GRAND STAIR HALt 
 The Plates are from Colorings by Miss A. U. Rye, directly from the Original Paintings. 
 | B. S$. Revyitolds Company 
 | Wasuincton, D. C. 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Shakespeare's Adonis 
 
 Even as the sun with purple-colour’d face 
 
 Had ta’en his last leave of the weeping morn, 
 
 Rose-cheek’d Adonis hied him to the chase ; 
 
 Hunting he loved, but love he laugh’d to scorn, 
 —VeEnus anp Aponis, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Venus, wounded by one of Cupid’s arrows, fell passionately «<Q, let him keep his loathsome cabin still ; 
 in love with the youthful huntsman, Adonis; and leaving the Celes- Beauty hath nought to do with such foul fiends: 
 tial abodes, she descended to earth to join him in the chase. With GORGES NS ENE SU OG 
 
 ‘i : They that thri I tak 1 of their friends. 
 him she pursued the fleet hare and the antlered stag ; but of the wild hes see ‘ke ps Serie = a = é ae ay & 
 
 boar, the wolf and the lion she stood in dread, and warned Adonis I fear’d thy fortune, and my joints did tremble, 
 against them. Most of all she feared the boar, and entreated the 
 huntsman not to court danger in its pursuit. «* Didst thou not mark my face? was it not white? 
 Saw’st thou not signs of fear lurk in mine eye? 
 «¢ Thou hadst been gone,”’ quoth she, ‘‘ sweet boy, ere this, Grew I not faint? and fell I not downright ?”’ 
 But that thou told’st me thou wouldst hunt the boar. 
 O, be advised : thou know’st not what it is Unmoved by her solicitude and scorning her entreaties, Adonis 
 With javelin’s point a churlish swine to gore, left the side of Venus and went forth to hunt the game, and in the 
 
 Whose tushes never sheathed he whetteth still, 
 
 : : encounter received a mortal wound. Venus found him slain; and 
 Like to a mortal butcher, bent to kill. 
 
 before her eyes his body was changed into the scarlet Adonis flower, 
 «« On his bow-back he hath a battle set which still bears his name. 
 
 Of bristly pikes, that ever threat his foes ; Shakespeare’s description of Venus’ quest for her lover and find- 
 His eyes, like glow-worms, shine when he doth fret ; 
 His snout digs sepulchres where’er he goes ; 
 Being moved, he strikes whate’er is in his way, 
 And whom he strikes his crooked tushes slay. 
 
 ing him slain by the boar is told in verse of exquisite beauty. 
 
 She hasteth to a myrtle grove, 
 s« Alas, he nought esteems that face of thine, Musing the morning is so much o’erworn, 
 To which Love’s eyes pay tributary gazes ; And yet she hears no tidings of her love: 
 Nor thy soft hands, sweet lips and crystal eyne, She hearkens for his hounds and for his horn: 
 
 Whose full perfection all the world amazes ; : : 
 But having thee at vantage—wondrous dread |— Anon she hears them chant it lustily, 
 
 Would root these beauties as he roots the mead. And all in haste she coasteth to the cry. 
 
 
 

 
 Shakespeare’s 
 
 And as she runs, the bushes in the way 
 Some catch her by the neck, some kiss her face, 
 Some twine about her thigh to make her stay: 
 She wildly breaketh from their strict embrace, 
 Like a milch doe, whose swelling dugs do ache, 
 Hasting to feed her fawn hid in some brake. 
 
 By this she hears the hounds are at a bay ; 
 
 Whereat she starts, like one that spies an adder 
 
 Wreathed up in fatal folds just in his way, 
 
 The fear whereof doth make him shake and shudder; 
 Even so the timorous yelping of the hounds 
 Appals her senses and her spirit confounds. 
 
 For now she knows it is no gentle chase, 
 But the blunt boar, rough bear or lion proud, 
 Because the cry remaineth in one place, 
 Where fearfully the dogs exclaim aloud: 
 Finding their enemy to be so curst, 
 They all strain courtesy who shall cope him first. 
 
 This dismal cry rings sadly in her ear, 
 
 Through which it enters to surprise her heart; 
 
 Who, overcome by doubt and bloodless fear, 
 
 With cold-pale weakness numbs each feeling part: 
 Like soldiers, when their captain once doth yield, 
 They basely fly, and dare not stay the field. 
 
 _  - aiaemeiaeeen sae 
 
 
 
 Aponts 
 
 Thus stands she in a trembling ecstasy ; 
 
 Till, cheering up her senses all dismay’d, 
 
 She tells them ’tis a causeless fantasy, 
 
 And childish error, that they are afraid; 
 Bids them leave quaking, bids them fear no more: 
 And with that word she spied the hunted boar; 
 
 Whose frothy mouth, bepainted all with red, 
 
 Like milk and blood being mingled both together, 
 
 A second fear through all her sinews spread, 
 
 Which madly hurries her she knows not whither: 
 This way she runs, and now she will no further, 
 But back retires to rate the boar for murther. 
 
 A thousand spleens bear her a thousand ways; 
 She treads the path that she untreads again; 
 Her more than haste is mated with delays, 
 Like the proceedings of a drunken brain, 
 Full of respects, yet not at all respecting: 
 In hand with all things, nought at all effecting. 
 
 Here kennell’d in a brake she finds a hound, 
 
 And asks the weary caitiff for his master ; 
 
 And there another licking of his wound, 
 
 ’Gainst venom’d sores the only sovereign plaster ; 
 And here she meets another sadly scowling, 
 Towhom she speaks, and he replies with howling. 
 
 
 
ftliltows Comus 
 
 Tue ‘¢ Masque Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634,’’ has the opening 
 scene in a wild wood, which is the haunt of the enchanter Comus, 
 offspring of the God Bacchus and Circe the sorceress. Here he 
 
 In thick shelter of black shades imbowered, 
 
 Excels his mother at her mighty art; 
 
 Offering to every weary traveller 
 
 His orient liquor in a crystal glass, 
 
 To quench the drouth of Phoebus; which as they taste 
 (For most do taste through fond intemperate thirst), 
 Soon as the potion works, their human count’nance, 
 The express resemblance of the gods, is changed 
 Into some brutish form of wolf or bear, 
 
 Or ounce or tiger, hog, or bearded goat, 
 
 All other parts remaining as they were. 
 
 And they, so perfect is their misery, 
 
 Not once perceive their foul disfigurement, 
 
 But boast themselves more comely than before, 
 And all their friends and native home forget, 
 
 To roll with pleasure in a sensual sty. 
 
 The time is night. The Lady and her two Brothers on their 
 way through the wood have become separated and lost; and the 
 Lady sings in invocation of Echo, that the Brothers may hear. 
 
 I cannot hallo to my brothers, but 
 
 Such noise as I can make to be heard farthest 
 Ill venture; for my new-enlivened spirits 
 Prompt me, and they perhaps are not far off. 
 
 Song 
 
 Sweet Echo, sweetest nymph, that liv’st unseen 
 Within thy airy shell 
 By slow Meander’s margent green, 
 And in the violet-embroidered vale 
 Where the love-lorn nightingale 
 Nightly to thee her sad song mourneth well: 
 Canst thou not tell me of a gentle pair 
 That likest thy Narcissus are? 
 O, if thou have 
 Hid them in some flowery cave, 
 Tell me but where, 
 Sweet Queen of Parley, Daughter of the Sphere ! 
 So may’st thou be translated to the skies, 
 And give resounding grace toall Heaven’s harmonies! 
 
 Comus hears and listens enraptured—this is the incident of the 
 painting—and at the conclusion of the song speaks : 
 
 Can any mortal mixture of earth’s mould 
 Breathe such divine enchanting ravishment? 
 Sure something holy lodges in that breast, 
 And with these raptures moves the vocal air 
 To testify his hidden residence. 
 
 How sweetly did they float upon the wings 
 Of silence, through the empty-vaulted night, 
 At every fall smoothing the raven down 
 
 Of darkness till it smiled! I have oft heard 
 
 
 
 
 
 Se 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 Flilton’s 
 
 My mother Circe with the Sirens three, 
 Amidst the flowery-kirtled Naiades, 
 
 Culling their potent herbs and baleful drugs, 
 Who, as they sung, would take the prisoned soul, 
 And lap it in Elystum: Scylla wept, 
 
 And chid her barking waves into attention, 
 And fell Charybdis murmured soft applause. 
 Yet they in pleasing slumber lulled the sense, 
 And in sweet madness robbed it of itself; 
 But such a sacred and home-felt delight, 
 Such sober certainty of waking bliss, 
 
 I never heard till now. I'll speak to her, 
 And she shall be my queen. 
 
 Presenting himself in the guise of a shepherd, and under pre- 
 tense of leading her to ‘¢a low but loyal cottage,’? he conducts 
 her to his stately palace, where, when she is set in an enchanted 
 chair in the banquet hall, he proffers her the magic glass. Deaf to 
 his blandishments she refuses to taste it— 
 
 ZF 
 
 ge 
 
 NO 
 
 
 
 Comus 
 
 Was this the cottage and the safe abode 
 
 Thou told’st me of? What grim aspects are these, 
 These oughly-headed monsters? Mercy guard me! 
 Hence with thy brewed enchantments, foul deceiver! 
 Hast thou betrayed my credulous innocence 
 
 With vizored falsehood and base forgery? 
 
 And wouldst thou seek again to trap me here 
 
 With liquorish baits, fit to ensnare a brute? 
 
 Were it a draught for Juno when she banquets, 
 
 I would not taste thy treasonous offer. 
 
 The Brothers, directed by the Attendant Spirit, here rush in, dash 
 the glass to the ground, and put to flight Comus and his crew. 
 Sabrina the Water-Nymph releases the Lady from the enchanted chair ; 
 and the Attendant Spirit departs, with the famous lines, which 
 conclude the poem— 
 
 If Virtue feeble were, 
 Heaven itself would stoop to her. 
 
 
 

 
 Keats Endymion 
 
 Wuere had he been, from whose warm head out-flew 
 That sweetest of all songs, that ever new, 
 
 That aye refreshing, pure deliciousness, 
 
 Coming ever to bless 
 
 The wanderer by moonlight? to him bringing 
 Shapes from the invisible world, unearthly singing 
 From out the middle air, from flowery nests, 
 
 And from the pillowy silkiness that rests 
 
 Full in the speculation of the stars. 
 
 Ah! surely he had burst our mortal bars ; 
 
 Into some wond’rous region he had gone, 
 
 To search for thee, divine Endymion! 
 
 He was a Poet, sure a lover too, 
 
 Who stood on Latmus’ top, what time there blew 
 Soft breezes from the myrtle vale below; 
 
 And brought in faintness solemn, sweet, and slow 
 A hymn from Dian’s temple; while upswelling, 
 
 _ The incense went to her own starry dwelling. 
 
 But though her face was clear as infant’s eyes, 
 Though she stood smiling o’er the sacrifice, 
 The Poet wept at her so piteous fate, 
 
 Wept that such beauty should be desolate: 
 So in fine wrath some golden sounds he won, 
 
 And gave meek Cynthia her Endymion. 
 
 Queen of the wide air; thou most lovely queen 
 Of all the brightness that mine eyes have seen! 
 
 As thou exceedest all things in thy shrine, 
 So every tale, does this sweet tale of thine. 
 
 The story runs that from her silver chariot of the moon Diana 
 beheld the shepherd boy Endymion asleep upon Mount Latmus ; 
 and enamored of his beauty descended to press a kiss upon his lips. 
 
 Chaste Artemis, who guides the lunar car, 
 The pale nocturnal vigils ever keeping, 
 Sped through the silent space from star to star, 
 And, blushing, stooped to kiss Endymion sleeping. 
 
 Night after night the goddess paused in her course across the 
 heavens to caress the youth ; and Endymion, each time but partially 
 awakened, was conscious of her presence only as the tender image 
 of a dream. 
 
 Then, as the full orb poised upon the peak, 
 There came a lovely vision of a maid, 
 
 Who seemed to step as from a golden car 
 
 Out of the low-hung moon. No mortal form, 
 Such as ofttimes of yore I knew and clasped 
 
 At twilight mid the vines at the mad feast 
 
 Of Dionysus, or the fair maids cold 
 
 Who streamed in white processions to the shrine 
 Of the chaste Virgin Goddess ; but a shape 
 Richer and yet more pure. No thinnest veil 
 Obscured her ; but each exquisite limb revealed 
 Gleamed like a golden statue subtly wrought 
 By a great sculptor on the architrave 
 
 Of some high temple-front—only in her 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 Heats’ 
 
 The form was soft and warm, and charged with life, 
 And breathing. As I seemed to gaze on her, 
 Nearer she drew and gazed; and as I lay 
 Supine, as in a spell, the radiance stooped 
 And kissed me on the lips, a chaste, sweet kiss, 
 Which drew my spirit with it. So I slept 
 Each night upon the hill, until the dawn 
 Came in her silver chariot from the earth, 
 And chased my love away. 
 
 —Lewis Morais. 
 
 At length Diana sought from Jupiter the gift of perpetual youth 
 for her mortal lover, and having obtained this boon 
 
 She conveyed him softly in a sleep, 
 His temples bound with poppy, to the steep 
 Head of old Latmus, where she stoops each night, 
 Gilding the mountain with her brother’s light, 
 To kiss her sweetest. 
 —FLETCHER. 
 
 The story of Diana and the Shepherd of Latmus has given in- 
 spiration to the poets of all ages, but Keats has made it peculiarly 
 his own in the poem of «¢ Endymion, ”’ 
 
 The very music of the name has gone 
 Into my being, and each pleasant scene 
 Is passing fresh before me as the green 
 Of our own vallies. 
 
 Nene ee 
 
 
 
 Cndpypmton 
 
 Tt is this tale out of «the beautiful mythology of Greece,”’ 
 which is the «thing of beauty a joy forever’? of the matchless 
 line, now a part of the language, with which <« Endymion’’ begins: 
 
 A thing of beauty is a joy for ever: 
 
 Its loveliness increases; it will never 
 
 Pass into nothingness; but still will keep 
 
 A bower quiet for us, and a sleep 
 
 Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing. 
 Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing 
 A flowery band to bind us to the earth, 
 
 Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth 
 
 Of noble natures, of the gloomy days, 
 
 Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways 
 Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all, 
 Some shape of beauty moves away the pall 
 
 From our dark spirits. Such the sun, the moon, 
 Trees old, and young, sprouting a shady boon 
 For simple sheep; and such are daffodils 
 
 With the green world they live in; and clear rills 
 That for themselves a cooling covert make 
 ’Gainst the hot season; the mid forest brake, 
 Rich with a sprinkling of fair musk-rose blooms: 
 And such too is the grandeur of the dooms 
 
 We have imagined for the mighty dead; 
 
 All lovely tales that we have heard or read: 
 
 An endless fountain of immortal drink, 
 
 Pouring unto us from the heaven’s brink. 
 
 
 
Wordsworth’s 
 
 THERE was a Boy; ye knew him well, ye cliffs 
 And islands of Winander !—many a time, 
 
 At evening, when the earliest stars began 
 
 To move along the edges of the hills, 
 
 Rising or setting, would he stand alone, 
 Beneath the trees, or by the glimmering lake; 
 And there, with fingers interwoven, both hands 
 Pressed closely palm to palm and to his mouth 
 Uplifted, he, as through an instrument, 
 
 Blew mimic hootings to the silent owls, 
 
 That they might answer him—And they would shout 
 Across the watery vale, and shout again, 
 Responsive to his call, with quivering peals, 
 And long halloos, and screams, and echoes loud 
 Redoubled and redoubled; concourse wild 
 
 Of jocund din! And, when there came a pause 
 Of silence such as baffled his best skill : 
 
 
 
 
 
 Boy of Winander 
 
 Then, sometimes, in that silence, while he hung 
 Listening, a gentle shock of mild surprise 
 
 Has carried far into his heart the voice 
 
 Of mountain torrents; or the visible scene 
 
 Would enter unawares into his mind 
 
 With all its solemn imagery, its rocks, 
 
 Its woods, and that uncertain heaven received 
 
 Into the bosom of the steady lake. 
 
 This boy was taken from his mates, and died 
 
 In childhood, ere he was full twelve years old. 
 Pre-eminent in beauty is the vale 
 
 Where he was born and bred: the churchyard hangs 
 Upon a slope above the village school; 
 
 And, through that churchyard when my way has led 
 On summer evenings, I believe, that there 
 
 A long half-hour together I have stood 
 Mute—looking at the grave in which he lies! 
 
 Tennpsows Ganymede 
 
 Wuen Jupiter came down to earth, to seek a successor to Hebe as 
 Cupbearer to the Gods, he took the form of an eagle; and flying over 
 Mount Ida, saw the Trojan Prince Ganymede, whom he snatched 
 from among his playfellows, and carried off to Olympus. 'Tenny- 
 son in his «* Palace of Art’? describes as among the pictures 
 decorating its walls one of Ganymede borne aloft by the eagle : 
 
 Or sweet Europa’s mantle blew unclasp’d, 
 From off her shoulder backward borne: 
 
 From one hand droop’d acrocus: one hand grasp’d 
 The mild bull’s golden horn. 
 
 oo 
 
 Or else flushed Ganymede, his rosy thigh 
 Half-buried in the Eagle’s down, 
 
 Sole as a flying star shot thro’ the sky 
 Above the pillar’d town. 
 
 Not these alone: but every legend fair 
 Which the supreme Caucasian mind 
 Carved out of Nature for itself, was there, 
 Not less than life, design’d. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 i ae a  — pr 
 
 
 
 Emersons Ariel 
 
 Ir fell in the ancient periods 
 Which the brooding soul surveys, 
 Or ever the wild Time coined itself 
 Into calendar months and days. 
 
 This was the lapse of Uriel, 
 
 Which in Paradise befell. 
 
 Once among the Pleiads walking, 
 
 Sarp overheard the young gods talking, 
 And the treason too long pent 
 
 To his ears was evident. 
 
 The young deities discussed 
 
 Laws of form and metre just, 
 
 Orb, quintessence, and sunbeams, 
 What subsisteth, and what seems. 
 
 One, with low tones that decide, 
 
 And doubt and reverend use defied, 
 With a look that solved the sphere, 
 And stirred the devils everywhere, 
 Gave his sentiment divine 
 
 Against the being of a line: 
 
 “Line in nature is not found, 
 
 Unit and universe are round; 
 
 In vain produced, all rays return, 
 
 Evil will bless, and ice will burn.” 
 
 As Uriel spoke with piercing eye, 
 
 A shudder ran around the sky; 
 
 The stern old war-gods shook their heads, 
 The seraphs frowned from myrtle-beds ; 
 
 Seemed to the holy festival, 
 
 The rash word boded ill to all; 
 
 The balance-beam of Fate was bent; 
 The bonds of good and ill were rent; 
 Strong Hades could not keep his own, 
 But all slid to confusion. 
 
 A sad self-knowledge withering fell 
 On the beauty of Uriel. 
 
 In heaven once eminent, the god 
 Withdrew that hour into his cloud, 
 Whether doomed to long gyration 
 In the sea of generation, 
 
 Or by knowledge grown too bright 
 To hit the nerve of feebler sight. 
 Straightway a forgetting wind 
 
 Stole over the celestial kind, 
 
 And their lips the secret kept, 
 
 If in ashes the fibre-seed slept. 
 
 But now and then truth-speaking things 
 Shamed the angels’ veiling wings, 
 And, shrilling from the solar course, 
 Or from fruit of chemic force, 
 Procession of a soul in matter, 
 
 Or the speeding change of water, 
 Or out of the good of evil born, 
 Came Uriel’s voice of cherub scorn; 
 And a blush tinged the upper sky, 
 And the gods shook, they knew not why. 
 
 
 
The Greek Heroes 
 
 Prometheus 
 
 gi) HIS is a story of the beginning: of the creation of 
 f/ man and of the coming of woman into the world. 
 The gods had entrusted to the Titans Prometheus and 
 Epimetheus the office of endowing the animals with 
 faculties necessary to their preservation; and of creating a new 
 race, that of mankind, which should be superior to the brutes. 
 After Epimetheus had given to the animals strength, swiftness, keen- 
 ness of sight and hearing, and other attributes, Prometheus gave fire 
 to man as the agency with which he should establish his supremacy 
 over all created things. 
 
 It happened, after this, that the gods disputed as to how they 
 should divide among themselves the sacrifices offered to them by 
 man ; and the matter was referred to Prometheus. He, taking the 
 sacrifice of an ox, divided it, putting all the flesh in one pile, and in 
 another all the bones, which he covered over and concealed with 
 white fat. Then he called upon Jupiter to take his choice. Jupiter 
 was tricked into choosing the bones. In wrath at the deception, he 
 took away fire from man ; but Prometheus ascended to heaven and 
 stole it back again. Then Jupiter, planning evil for mankind, com- 
 manded Vulcan to mould from clay the image of a maiden, in the 
 likeness of the goddesses, and to inspire her with life and give her 
 man’s strength ; and he bade the dwellers in Olympus contribute 
 to her beauty and charm. Minerva girdled and attired her ; Per- 
 suasion and the Graces decked her limbs with jewels ; the Hours 
 twined a garland in her hair ; Aphrodite gave her grace and witchery 
 of mien ; and Mercury endowed her with a deceitful mind, tricksy 
 
 
 
 manners, and honeyed speech. She was named Pandora, which 
 means all-gifted, because they had bestowed on her these gifts, that 
 she might work mischief to the human race. After the assembled 
 gods had admired their finished work, Mercury conducted the 
 maiden to earth and offered her to Prometheus as a gift from Jove. 
 But he, suspecting the treacherous design of the deity, refused to 
 receive her, and cautioned Epimetheus to send her back. But 
 Epimetheus accepted the woman, and with her evil for the race. 
 For Jupiter had entrusted to Pandora a casket, in which he had 
 shut up discord and pain and diseases and all human ills. When 
 out of curiosity Pandora lifted the casket’s lid, all these flew forth 
 and were dispersed over the earth to afflict humanity ; only Hope 
 remained to bless mankind. 
 
 Perseus 
 
 Wuen King Polydectes treacherously planned a forced marriage with 
 Danaé, he desired to put her son Perseus out of the way, and so sent 
 him to attempt the conquest of the Gorgon Medusa, a terrible crea- 
 ture whom none had ever withstood. Medusa was once a beautiful 
 maiden whose hair was her chief glory, but as she dared to vie in 
 beauty with Minerva, the goddess deprived her of her charms and 
 changed her ringlets into hissing serpents. She became a hideous 
 monster of so frightful an aspect that no living thing could behold 
 her without being turned into stone. Perseus, favored by Minerva 
 and Mercury, the former of whom lent him her shield and the 
 latter his winged shoes, approached Medusa while she slept, and 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 Che Sreek 
 
 taking care not to look directly at her, but guided by her image 
 reflected in the bright shield which he bore, cut off her head. 
 Bearing the Gorgon’s head he flew over land and sea, and came to 
 the country of which Cepheus was king. Cassiopeia, his queen, 
 proud of her beauty, had dared to compare herself to the Sea- 
 Nymphs, which roused their indignation to such a degree that they 
 sent a prodigious sea-monster to ravage the coast. ‘To appease the 
 deities, Cepheus was directed by the oracle to expose his daughter 
 As Perseus looked 
 
 down from his aerial height he beheld the virgin chained to a rock, 
 
 Andromeda to be devoured by the monster. 
 
 waiting the approach of the serpent ; and with all speed he hastened 
 to her rescue, and with the help of the Medusa head slew the 
 monster. ‘Then he won the love of the maiden he had rescued, 
 and married her. 
 
 The wedding feast was interrupted by Phineus, the discarded 
 suitor of Andromeda, who came with his followers to demand her, 
 and aconflict ensued. Perseus and his friends maintained for some 
 time the unequal contest ; but the numbers of the assailants were too 
 great for them, and destruction seemed inevitable, when Perseus, 
 with a loud voice, exclaimed, <‘ If I have any friend here let him 
 
 The 
 One of his assailants who had raised his 
 
 turn away his eyes!’ and held aloft the Gorgon’s head. 
 effect was instantaneous. 
 javelin in act to throw, became stone in the very attitude. Another 
 was about to plunge his sword into the body of a prostrate foe, but 
 his arm stiffened and he could neither thrust forward nor withdraw 
 it. Another, in the midst of a vociferous challenge, stopped, his 
 mouth open, but no sound issuing. One of Perseus’s friends caught 
 sight of the Gorgon and stiffened like the rest ; and when an enemy 
 struck him with his sword, the weapon, instead of wounding, re- 
 So one after another all became stone. 
 
 coiled with a ringing noise. 
 
 Se 
 
 - - a 
 
 Beroes 
 
 Returning to Seriphus, Perseus arrived just in time to avert the 
 marriage of his mother to Polydectes, by confronting the monarch 
 with the Medusa head, which froze him into stone. In gratitude 
 for her help Perseus dedicated the head to Minerva, who henceforth 
 
 bore it on her zgis. 
 
 Theseus 
 
 Now tue people of Athens were in deep affliction, on account 
 of the tribute which they were forced to pay to Minos, king of 
 Crete. This tribute consisted of seven youths and seven maidens, 
 who were sent every year to be devoured by the Minotaur, a 
 monster with a bull’s body anda human head. It was exceedingly 
 strong and fierce, and was kept in a labyrinth constructed by 
 Deedalus, so artfully contrived that whoever was enclosed in it 
 could by no means find his way out unassisted. Here the Mino- 
 taur roamed, and was fed with human victims. 
 
 Theseus resolved to deliver his countrymen from this calamity, 
 or to die in the attempt. When the time of sending off the tribute 
 came, and the youths and maidens were, according to custom, 
 drawn by lot to be sent, he offered himself as one of the victims, 
 in spite of the entreaties of his father. When they arrived in 
 Crete, the youths and maidens were exhibited before Minos ; and 
 Ariadne, the daughter of the king, being present, became deeply 
 enamored of Theseus, by whom her love was returned. She 
 farnished him with a sword, with which to encounter the 
 Minotaur, and with a clew of thread by which he might find his 
 way out of the labyrinth. He was successful, slew the Minotaur, 
 escaped from the labyrinth, and, taking Ariadne, with his rescued 
 companions sailed for Athens, where he promised he would make 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 Che Greek 
 
 Ariadne his wife. On their way they stopped at the island of 
 Naxos, where in the night Minerva appeared in a dream to 
 Theseus and commanded him to forsake Ariadne. In obedience 
 to the command he sailed away and left her sleeping. In the 
 morning she was awakened by Bacchus and his Bacchanal train. 
 
 The miserable Fair 
 Awoke at last, sprang upward from the sands, 
 And gazing wild on that wild throng that stands 
 Around, around her, and no Theseus there !— 
 Her voice went moaning over shore and sea, 
 Beside the halcyon’s cry ; she called her love; 
 She named her hero, and raged maddeningly 
 Against the brine of waters; and above, 
 Sought the ship’s track, and cursed the hours she slept. 
 
 Her grief did make her glorious ; her despair 
 Adorned her with its weight. Poor wailing child! 
 She looked like Venus when the goddess smiled 
 
 At liberty of godship, debonair: 
 
 Poor Ariadne! and her eyelids fair 
 
 Hid looks beneath them lent her by Persuasion 
 
 And every Grace, with tears of Love’s own passion. 
 She wept long; then she spake: «* Sweet sleep did come 
 While sweetest Theseus went. Oh, glad and dumb, 
 I wish he had left me still! for in my sleep 
 
 I saw his Athens, and did gladly keep 
 
 My new bride-state within my Theseus’ hall ; 
 
 And heard the pomp of Hymen, and the call 
 
 Of « Ariadne, Ariadne,’ sung 
 
 In choral joy ; and there with joy I hung 
 Spring-blossoms round Love’s altar! ay, and wore 
 
 A wreath myself; and felt 4im evermore, 
 
 Oh, evermore beside me, with his mighty, 
 
 Grave head bowed down in prayer to Aphrodite! 
 
 
 
 Heroes 
 
 Why, what a sweet, sweet dream! He went with it, 
 And left me here unwedded where I sit ! 
 
 Persuasion help me! The dark night did make me 
 A brideship the fair morning takes away ; 
 
 My love had left me when the Hour did wake mes 
 And while I dreamed of marriage, as I say, 
 
 And blest it well, my blessed Theseus left me ; 
 
 And thus the sleep I loved so has bereft me.’’ 
 
 But her grief was not protracted nor inconsolable, for Bacchus 
 comforted her with such sympathy and pressed his own suit so 
 warmly that the maid was moved— 
 
 And, casting Theseus’ memory down the brine, 
 She straight received the troth of her divine, 
 
 Fair Bacchus; Love stood by to close the rite. 
 The marriage-chorus struck up clear and light, 
 Flowers sprouted fast about the chamber green, 
 And with spring-garlands on their heads, I ween, 
 The Orchomenian dancers came along, 
 
 And danced their rounds in Naxos to the song. 
 
 —Nownnus (Mrs. Browning’s translation). 
 
 Orpheus 
 
 Orpuevs, son of Apollo and the Muse Calliope, received from his 
 father the lyre, upon which he played with such entrancing sweet- 
 ness that when he sang all things were affected by the strains. 
 
 It happened, soon after the marriage of Orpheus and Eurydice, 
 that as Eurydice was walking in the fields she was stung on the 
 ankle by a serpent, and died. Inconsolable for her loss, Orpheus 
 obtained from Jupiter permission to seek her in the Infernal Regions. 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 Che Greek 
 
 With the magic of his lyre he persuaded Charon to ferry him over 
 Acheron, and with his music cajoled the three-headed dog Cerberus, 
 guardian of the gate of Hell; and making his way through the 
 shadowy abodes of the dead, came at last to where Pluto and 
 Proserpine sat enthroned ; and to them addressed his prayer : 
 
 <©O, ye Deities of the world that lies beneath the earth, to 
 which we all come at last, each that is born of mortality, I have 
 not descended hither from curiosity to see dark Tartarus, nor to try 
 my strength with the three-headed dog that guards the gate of Hell. 
 I have come to seek my wife, Eurydice, whose years were by a 
 serpent’s poisonous fang brought to an untimely end. I strove to 
 endure my loss. But Love has proved the stronger; that god is 
 powerful in the regions above ; whether he be so here I know not ; 
 but yet I imagine that even here he is, for if the story of the old 
 days be true, it was Love that united you two together. By these 
 places filled with terrors, by this vast Chaos, by the silence of these 
 boundless realms, I entreat you, weave over again the quick spun 
 thread of the life of Eurydice. 
 
 << To you we all belong, and having stayed but a little while 
 above, sooner or later we come to your abode. Hither are we all 
 hastening. ‘This is our final home, and you possess the most lasting 
 dominion over the human race. She, too, when in due season she 
 shall have completed her allotted years, will be under your sway. 
 Until then I ask of you the enjoyment of her life. But if the Fates 
 deny me this, I have resolved that I will not return. Triumph in 
 the death of us both.”’ 
 
 As he spoke and touched his lyre, even the bloodless shades 
 heard him and wept, and the tortured ghosts paused in their tasks. 
 Tantalus did not clutch at the retreating water ; the wheel of Ixion 
 stood still; the vultures ceased tearing at the liver of Tityus ; the 
 daughters of Danaus paused in their task of filling the bottomless 
 The 
 
 urns with water ; and Sysiphus seated himself on his stone. 
 
 EE 
 
 Deroes 
 
 story is, that now for the first time the cheeks of the Furies were 
 wet with tears. Nor could Pluto and Proserpine, stern rulers of 
 the Infernal Regions, deny him his request. They called for 
 Eurydice, and she came, advancing slowly because of her wound. 
 
 Orpheus receives her, but this is the hard condition—that he 
 shall not look back at her until they shall have reached the outer 
 world, or if he does, she shall again be taken from him. He lead- 
 ing, she following, they ascend in deep silence the path, steep, dark, 
 and enveloped in deepening gloom. They have crossed the Acheron, 
 and now they have come almost to the verge of the upper world. 
 He, infatuated, hearing her call his name and overmastered by his 
 eager longing to look upon her face, turns his eyes, only to see her 
 sink back and recede from him. She, hapless one, stretching out 
 her arms, struggling to be grasped and to grasp him, catches nothing 
 but the fleeting air; and now she pronounces the last farewell, 
 which he can scarcely hear ; and again is she hurried to the place 
 whence she came. 
 
 Dazed by this two-fold death of his wife, Orpheus haunted the 
 bank of the Acheron for seven days, vainly entreating Charon to 
 be put across ; and then he betook himself to Mount Rhodope. 
 Here, grieving always for Eurydice, he held aloof from womankind, 
 and by his indifference incurred the enmity of the Thracian women. 
 These, as they were celebrating the Bacchanalian orgies, came upon 
 the poet, and exclaiming, “‘See, here is our contemner !?? rushed 
 upon him, hurling spears and stones. Overcome by the harmony 
 of his voice and lyre, the missiles fell harmlessly to earth ; until at 
 length, what with the vast clamor of blown horns and tamborines, 
 the clapping of hands, and the Bacchanalian yells, the harmonious 
 sounds were drowned, and the stones became reddened with the 
 
 blood of their victim. Some threw clods, some branches torn from 
 
 
 
 
 
Che Greek Beroes 
 
 trees, others flint-stones, until through the lips which had been 
 listened to by rocks and understood by brute beasts, the life of 
 Orpheus breathed forth and departed into the breeze. 
 
 His shade descends under the earth, and he recognizes all the 
 places he has formerly seen. Seeking Eurydice through the fields 
 of the blessed, he finds her and enfolds her in his eager arms. 
 Here, one while, they walk together side by side, and at another 
 time he follows her as she goes before, and again, walking in front, 
 he precedes her, and now in safety Orpheus looks back upon his 
 own Eurydice. 
 
 Jason 
 
 Wuen Jason was grown up and came to demand the crown 
 from his uncle, Pelias suggested to the young man the glorious 
 adventure of going in quest of the Golden Fleece, which was as 
 Pelias pretended the rightful property of their family. Jason forth- 
 with made preparations for the expedition. He gathered a band 
 of bold young men, many of whom afterwards were renowned 
 among the heroes and demigods of Greece—Hercules, Theseus, 
 Orpheus and Nestor. They were called Argonauts, from the name 
 of their vessel Argo. 
 
 Arrived at Colchis, Jason made known his mission to King 
 f£etes, who consented to give up the Golden Fleece if Jason would 
 yoke to the plow two fire-breathing bulls with brazen feet, and sow 
 the teeth of the dragon, which Cadmus had slain, and from which 
 armed men would spring up. Jason accepted the conditions, and 
 found means to plead his cause to Medea, daughter of the king, to 
 whom he promised marriage. Medea was a potent sorceress, and 
 
 by her he was furnished with a charm, by which he could en- 
 counter safely the breath of the fire-breathing bulls and the weapons 
 of the armed men. 
 
 At the time appointed the people assembled at the grove of 
 Mars. The brazen-footed bulls rushed in, breathing fire from 
 their nostrils, that burned up the herbage as they passed. The 
 sound was like the roar of a furnace, and the smoke like that of 
 water upon quicklime. Jason advanced boldly to meet them. 
 Regardless of the burning breath, he soothed their rage with his 
 voice, patted their necks with fearless hand and adroitly slipped 
 over them the yoke, and compelled them to drag the plow. The 
 Colchians were amazed ; the Greeks shouted for joy. Jason next 
 proceeded to sow the dragon’s teeth and plow them in. The 
 crop of armed men sprang up, and no sooner had they reached the 
 surface than they began to brandish their weapons and rush upon 
 Jason, who for a time kept his assailants at bay with his sword 
 and shield, till finding their numbers overwhelming, he resorted to 
 the charm which Medea had taught him, seized a stone and threw 
 it into the midst of his foes. They immediately turned their arms 
 against one another, and soon there was not one of the dragon’s 
 brood left alive. 
 
 It remained to lull to sleep the dragon that guarded the Fleece, 
 and this was done by scattering over him a few drops of a prepar- 
 ation which Medea had supplied. At the scent he relaxed his 
 rage, stood for a moment motionless, then turned over on his side, 
 fast asleep. Jason seized the Fleece, and with his friends and 
 Medea accompanying, hastened to their vessel, before /etes, the 
 king, could arrest their departure ; and made the best of their way 
 back to Thessaly, where Jason delivered the Fleece to Pelias, and 
 dedicated the Argo to Neptune. 
 
 
 

 
 The Greek Heroes 
 
 Bellerophon 
 
 BrELLeropHon came to the court of King Iobates, bringing letters 
 from Preetus, the son-in-law of Iobates, recommending him in the 
 warmest terms as an unconquerable hero, but adding at the close a 
 request to his father-in-law to put him to death. The reason was 
 that Proetus was jealous of him. Iobates, on perusing the letters, 
 was puzzled what to do, not willing to violate the claims of 
 hospitality, yet wishing to oblige his son-in-law. The thought 
 occurred to him, to send Bellerophon to combat with the Chimera. 
 
 Dire Chimzra’s conquest was enjoined ; 
 
 A mingled monster, of no mortal kind ; 
 
 Behind a dragon’s fiery tail was spread ; 
 
 A goat’s rough body bore a lion’s head ; 
 
 Her pitchy nostrils flaky flames expire ; 
 
 Her gasping throat emits infernal fire. 
 
 Of all who had gone forth to slay the Chimera, none had ever 
 returned alive, Bellerophon accepted the commission, and before 
 proceeding to the combat consulted a soothsayer, who advised him 
 to procure, if possible, the horse Pegasus for the conflict. Pegasus 
 was the winged horse which had sprung from the blood of Medusa 
 when Perseus beheaded her. Minerva had caught and tamed him 
 and given him to the Muses. Bellerophon was directed by the 
 soothsayer to pass the night in the temple of Minerva; and as he 
 slept the goddess came to him and gave him a golden bridle. 
 When he awoke the bridle remained in his hand. Minerva also 
 showed him Pegasus drinking at the well of Pirene ; and at sight 
 of the bridle, the winged steed came willingly and suffered himself 
 to be taken. Bellerophon mounted him, rose with him into the 
 air, and soon found the Chimera, and gained an easy victory. 
 
 After the conquest of the Chimzra, Bellerophon was exposed 
 to further trials and labors by his unfriendly host, but by the aid of 
 Pegasus he triumphed in them all. At last, by his pride and pre- 
 sumption, he drew upon himself the anger of the gods ; it is said 
 he even attempted to fly up into heaven on his winged steed ; but 
 Jupiter sent a gadfly which stung Pegasus and made him throw his 
 rider, who became lame and blind in consequence. After this 
 Bellerophon wandered lonely, avoiding the paths of men, and died 
 miserably. 
 
 Hercules 
 
 Hercures was the son of Jupiter and Alcmena. He was by 
 the arts of Juno rendered subject to Eurystheus and compelled to 
 perform all his commands. Eurystheus enjoined upon him a suc- 
 cession of desperate adventures, which are called the twelve 
 «« Labors of Hercules.”? Among these was the fight with the 
 Nemean lion. Eurystheus ordered Hercules to bring him the skin 
 of this monster. After using in vain his club and arrows against 
 the lion, Hercules strangled the animal with his hands. He 
 afterwards wore the skin as a proof of the lion’s size. 
 
 In a fit of madness, the hero killed his friend Iphitus, and 
 condemned himself for this offense to become the slave of Queen 
 Omphale for three years. While in this service his nature seemed 
 changed. He lived effeminately, wearing at times the dress 
 of a woman, and spinning wool with the hand-maidens of 
 Omphale, while the queen wore his lion’s skin. 
 
 His lion spoils the laughing Fair demands, 
 And gives the distaff to his awkward hands. 
 
 
 
Che Greek Peroes 
 
 Parts 
 
 Ar tHE nuptials of Peleus and Thetis, all the gods were 
 invited with the exception of Eris, or Discord, Enraged at her 
 exclusion, the goddess threw a golden apple among the guests, with 
 the inscription, << For the fairest.”’ Thereupon Juno, Venus, and 
 Minerva each claimed the apple. Jupiter, not willing to decide 
 in so delicate a matter, sent the goddesses to Mount Ida, where 
 the handsome shepherd Paris was tending his flocks, and to him 
 was committed the decision. The goddesses accordingly appeared 
 before him. Juno promised him power and riches, Minerva 
 glory and renown in war, and Venus the fairest woman for his 
 wife, each attempting to bias his decision in her own favor. 
 Paris decided in favor of Venus and gave her the golden 
 apple, thus making the two other goddesses his enemies. Under 
 the protection of Venus, Paris sailed to Greece, and was hospit- 
 ably received by Menelaus, king of Sparta. Now Helen, the wife 
 of Menelaus, was the woman Venus had destined for Paris— 
 
 The fairest woman that the poet’s dream 
 Or artist hand has fashioned. 
 
 She had been sought as a bride by numerous suitors, and before 
 her decision was made known, they all took an oath that they 
 would defend her from all injury and avenge her cause if necessary. 
 She chose Menelaus, and was living with him happily when Paris 
 
 became their guest. Paris, aided by Venus, persuaded her to elope 
 with him, and carried her to Troy, whence arose the famous 
 Trojan War, the theme of the great poems of Homer and Virgil. 
 
 Achtlles 
 
 Menetavs called upon his brother chieftains of Greece to fulfil 
 their pledge, and join him in his efforts to recover his wife. They 
 generally came forward, but Achilles did not join them, and the 
 oracle foretold that without him the expedition would not succeed. 
 This hero was the son of that Thetis at whose marriage the apple 
 of Discord had been thrown among the goddesses, Thetis, 
 knowing that her son was fated to perish before Troy if he went 
 
 
 
 on the expedition, endeavored to prevent his going. She sent him 
 away tothe court of King Lycomedes, and induced him to conceal 
 himself in the disguise of a maiden among the daughters of the 
 king. Ulysses, hearing he was there, went disguised as a merchant 
 to the palace and offered for sale female ornaments, among which 
 he had placed some arms. While the king’s daughters were en- 
 grossed with the other contents of the merchant’s pack, Achilles 
 handled the weapons and thereby betrayed himself to the keen 
 eyes of Ulysses, who found no great difficulty in persuading him to 
 disregard his mother’s prudent counsels and join his countrymen in 
 the war in which he was to become most illustrious of the Greeks, 
 
 @] The incidents in the lives of the Greek Heroes as here told are taken from 
 Hesiod’s Turocony, Ovid’s Mrramorpuosss, avd Bulfinch’s Ace or Fasie. 
 
 
 
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