7 
 
 
 
 
I 
 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2012 with funding from 
 
 Research Library, The Getty Research Institute 
 
 http://archive.org/details/selectviewsingreOOwill 
 
SELECT VIEWS 
 
 IN 
 
 GREECE. 
 
SELECT VIEWS 
 
 IN 
 
 GREECE 
 
 WITH CLASSICAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 BY 
 
 H. W. WILLIAMS, Esq. 
 
 F. R. S. E. 
 
 VOLUME FIRST. 
 
 LONDON; 
 
 LONGMAN, REES, ORME, BROWN, AND GREEN ; 
 AND ADAM BLACK, EDINBURGH. 
 
 M.DCCC.XXIX. 
 
SELECT VIEWS 
 
 IN 
 
 GREECE. 
 
SELECT VIEWS 
 
 IN 
 
 GREECE 
 
 WITH CLASSICAL ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 BY 
 
 H. W. WILLIAMS, Esq. 
 
 F. R. S. E. 
 
 VOLUME SECOND. 
 
 LONDON; 
 
 LONGMAN, REES, ORME, BROWN, AND GREEN; 
 AND ADAM BLACK, EDINBURGH. 
 
 M.DCCC.XXIX. 
 
TO HER GRACE 
 
 THE DUCHESS OF DEVONSHIRE, 
 
 By whose enlightened Patronage 
 The Fine Arts have been so essentially promoted, 
 
 THE FOLLOWING VIEWS IN GREECE 
 
 Are most l'espectfully inscribed, 
 
 By Her Grace's 
 
 Very obedient and obliged Servant, 
 
 H. W. WILLIAMS. 
 
The Public are aware of the great talents of Me Cockerell as a classical 
 Artist and accomplished Draftsman. To him Mr Williams is indebted for 
 the Design with which this Work opens, — the Restoration of the Parthenon. 
 And he is happy to announce, that he has the promise of Mr Cockerell's aid in 
 various other subjects which will appear in the course of the Publication. 
 
 Mr Williams has likewise to acknowledge his obligations to Mr John 
 Patterson of Edinburgh, for his judicious selection of Greek and Latin quo- 
 tations, and for the elegant translations with which he has accompanied them. 
 
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PARTHENON OF ATHENS, 
 
 IN ITS PRESENT STATE. 
 
 " Eheu ! CamenjE non amant diutius 
 Hipas Ilissi ; liquit, ah ! tcinplum suum 
 Numen Minerva-, vota quo quondam tulit 
 Gens artium bellique pra'sidi Dea? 
 Pra»clara bello, Uteris prasclarior. 
 
 Abiit sacerdos, virginesque Palladis, 
 Cunctique, sacrum qui frequentabant locum, 
 Ipsius atrum praeter alitcm Deae, 
 Haud perfidus qui vitat infortunium. 
 Longas querelas ille nocti concinit, 
 Fractas columnas inter atque imagines, 
 Stratasquc turpiter trabes Hymettias. 
 
 Hcu ! Phidias labor, domusque cwlitum, 
 Miraculum mundi, Attica-que gloria ! 
 Jaccs cadaver, attamen sic pulchrior, 
 Quam postera a?tas quod struit pulcherrimum." 
 
 " Alas ! the Muses love no more 
 Ilissus' sweet and classic shore ! 
 Minerva's awful power hath fled, 
 And left her fane untenanted ; 
 Where vows and prayers were duly paid 
 Before the wise and warlike Maid, 
 By a proud people, great in war, 
 In wisdom's trophies greater far. 
 
 The virgin and the priest are gone, 
 And all that lov'd the place — save one ! 
 No fickle friend that turns away 
 From greatness sinking in decay, 
 Minerva's sage and holy bird 
 Still through the nightly watch is heard, 
 Pouring his melancholy song, 
 Of dreary note and echo long, 
 'Mid fragments of Pentelic stone, 
 And columns fall'n, and altars strown ! 
 
 Alas ! thou perfect form of grace, 
 Once deem'd of Gods meet dwelling-place ! 
 Thou master-work of Phidias' hands, 
 Thou boast and marvel of all lands ! 
 Pcrish'd thou art, yet fairer so, 
 Than all that later art can show f* 
 
 J. P. 
 
m 
 
 © | 
 
 
PARTHENON OF ATHENS 
 
 RESTORED. 
 
 " O loxgum memoranda dies ! quae mente reporto 
 Gaudia ! quam lassos per tot miracula visus ! 
 Urbis opus, longoque domans saxa aspera dorso, 
 Digna Deae sedes, nitidis hand sordct ab astris. 
 Pendent innumeris fastigia nixa columnis ; 
 Robora Dalmatico lucent satiata metallo ; 
 Circa artes, veterumque manus, miroque metalla 
 Viva modo, dignis invitant Pallada templis ; 
 Si quid Phidiacae jusserunt vivere docta 
 Arte manus." 
 
 Stat. Svlv. 
 
 " O long remember'd day ! what visions bright 
 Of beauty flash'd on my astonish'd sight ! 
 Along the mountain crest, a nation's toil 
 Stretch'd its colossal yet harmonious pile; 
 Meet shrine to call a goddess from the sky, 
 So like divine its grace and majesty ! 
 Lo ! colonnades of endless length uphold 
 Carv'd architraves, that flame with sculpture! gold. 
 Around, the miracles of ancient art 
 Arrest the eye, entrance the raptur'd heart, — 
 Forms that in seeming animation stand, 
 Call'd up from death by Phidias' magic hand. 
 Come then, Pallas ! in thy power divine ! 
 Thy Athens calls thee to a worthy shrine !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
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ATHENS, 
 
 FROM THE HILL OF THE MUSEUM. 
 
 -On the JEgean shore a city stands, 
 
 Built nobly, pure the air, and light the soil ; 
 
 Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts 
 
 And eloquence ; native to famous wits, 
 
 Or hospitable, in her sweet recess, 
 
 City or suburban, studious walks and shades. 
 
 See there the olive grove of Academe, 
 
 Plato's retirement, where the Attic bird 
 
 Trills her thick-warbled notes the summer long ; 
 
 There flowery hill Hymettus, with the sound 
 
 Of bees' industrious murmur, oft invites 
 
 To studious musing; there Uissus rolls 
 
 His whispering stream." 
 
 Milton's Par. Reg. IV. 238. 
 
 " Ancient of days ! august Athena ! where, 
 
 Where are thy men of might ? thy grand in soul ? 
 
 Gone — glimmering thro' the dream of things that were. 
 
 First in the race that led to Glory's goal, 
 
 They won, and pass'd away — is this the whole ? 
 
 A school-boy's tale, the wonder of an hour ! 
 
 The warrior's weapon and the sophist's stole 
 
 Are sought in vain, and o'er each mouldering tower 
 
 Dim with the mist of years, grey flits the shade of power." 
 
 Childe Harold, Canto II. 
 
TEMPLES 
 
 OF 
 
 ERECHTHEUS AND MINERVA POLIAS, 
 
 THE PARTHENON APPEARING IN THE DISTANCE. 
 
 •' 'E»ti 3c tcx] c'k.;uk Eg!;g4li6» KstXev/iUttr xxi y£i> 2iT\tvt \<m To oixiguoc. T» w« 31 tJs A(r,iuf 
 Wx-.oe-T'i'j lxoi rvrt%lii iTrr xxi io*ti TletfdfiOToi U Tttf irxpxxxTxQijxiit xvcurtas Tar xoiXQuv ftwi'" 
 
 Pausan. I. 26, 27. 
 
 There is also a Temple called the Erechtheum, and this Temple is connected 
 w ith another, that of Minerva Polias, i. e. Protectress of the City. The temple 
 of Minerva is continuous with that of Pandrosus, who alone remained faithful in 
 a charge which had been entrusted to her and her sisters, by the Goddess. 
 

9 
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ANCIENT SARCOPHAGI, PLAT^A. 
 
 " K«T« 3s til eVoSo» puMrx t}» s? Xlhxxxixi T«'po» t«» Tgo5 MijJou; fixftlrxfiivav IttrL T015 ftsv our 
 Aoijtoi; iViv "ZAAijn ftmiix kcihov. Axxicixifiovio>v Ss x«; 'A^dv«/«i» tois 7Tl<ravo-iv iaix r'l 6iVi» o< Tx!poi, 
 KXt iXfyfix sV< Zi^WSou yiygxftptivx lie ccvTcTi."— — — PaUS. IX. 2. 
 
 " Near the entrance to Plataea, you may perceive the sepulchres of those who 
 fousht against the Medes. The other Greeks indeed have one common se- 
 
 © © 
 
 pulchre ; but the Lacedaemonians and Athenians that fell in that battle have 
 separate tombs ; and upon them there are elegies composed by Simonides." — 
 Transl. of Paus. 
 
 " ' A.ieaZ\QxTi y«§ £5 irxTi£a» rut vfilTi^uv 6>ikx;, ous xirotlxtovTx; Wo Mn'Saix, x-x'i rxlpivTx; it t5 
 tifitTi^x, Wifcafiit xxtx 'ires 'Uxo-tui iiifttviu." Thuc. II. 3. 58. 
 
 " Looke upon the sepulchres of your fathers, whom slain by the Medes, and 
 buried in this territory of ours, we have yeerely honoured at the publike 
 charge." — Hobbes. 
 
 " Movemur enim nescio quo pacto locis ipsis in quibus eorum quos diligimus aut 
 admiramur, adsunt vestigia. Me quidem ipsa; illae nostras Athenae, non tarn 
 operibus magnificis, exquisitisque antiquorum artibus delectant, quam recor- 
 dation summorum virorum, ubi quisque habitare, ubi sedere, et disputare sit 
 
 solitus; studioseque eorum etiam sepulcra contemplor. 1 ' Cicero, Leg. 
 
 II. 2. 
 
 " For our feelings are put into a state of indescribable excitation, by the view 
 even of the places where the footsteps of those whom we love or admire are to 
 be traced. For my own part, the delight which our beloved Athens commu- 
 nicates, is derived not so much from the contemplation of her magnificent edi- 
 fices, and exquisite works of ancient art, as from the recollection of her illus- 
 trious cliildren, and the sight of the places where they used to dwell, to sit, and 
 to impart instruction ; and even their sepulchres I regard with a pleasing me- 
 lancholy."— J. P. 
 
Engraved \y Ja s Strwart- 
 
 . : imburgh 
 
ACROCERAUNIA. 
 
 " Infames scopulos, Acroceraunia !" Hoe. Od. I. 3. 
 
 " Infamous rocks, whose top the lightnings scathe." 
 
 " Provehimur pelago, vicina Ceraunia juxta, 
 Unde iter Italiam, cursusque brevissimus undis." 
 
 VlEG. iEN. III. 
 
 " Near the Ceraunian rocks our course we bore, 
 
 The shortest passage to the Italian shore." — Deyden. 
 
 " Ipse pater, media nimborum in nocte, corusca 
 Fulmina molitur dextra ; quo maxima motu 
 Terra tremit, fugere ferae ; et mortalia corda 
 Per gentes humilis stravit pavor : ille flagranti 
 Aut Atho, aut Rhodopen, aut alta Ceraunia telo 
 Dejicit." Vieg. Geoeg. I. 328. 
 
 " TheThunderer,thron'd in clouds, with darkness crown'd, 
 Bares his red arm, and flashes lightnings round. 
 The beasts are fled ; earth rocks from pole to pole ; 
 Fear walks the world, and bows the astonish'd soul: 
 Jove rives with fiery bolt Ceraunia's brow, 
 Or Athos blazing 'mid eternal snow." Sotheby. 
 
CORINTH, 
 
 ANCIENTLY EPHYRE AND CORINTHUS, ON THE ISTHMUS WHICH 
 JOINS PELOPONNESUS TO GREECE PROPER. 
 
 " Urbs erat tunc praeclara ante excidium, arx quoque et isthmus praebuere 
 spectaculum : arx inter omnia in immanem altitudinem edita, scatens fontibus : 
 
 Isthmus duo maria, ab occasu et ortu solis finitima, arctis faucibus dirimens." 
 
 Liv. XLV. 28. 
 
 " Corinth was then in the height of its splendour, but his attention was parti- 
 cularly attracted by the Citadel, which towers to an enormous height, and abounds 
 with springs ; and by the Isthmus, a very narrow neck of land, separating two 
 seas, which approach as it were to meet from the east and west.'" — J. P. 
 
 " Many a vanished year and age, 
 
 And tempest's breath, and battle's rage, 
 
 Have swept o'er Corinth ; yet she stands 
 
 A fortress formed to Freedom's hands ; 
 
 The whirlwind's wrath, the earthquake's shock, 
 
 Have left untouched her hoary rock, 
 
 The keystone of a land ; which still, 
 
 Though fallen, looks proudly on that hill, 
 
 The land-mark to the double tide 
 
 That purpling rolls on either side, 
 
 As if their waters chafed to meet, 
 
 Yet pause and crouch beneath her feet." 
 
 Byeon's Siege of Corinth. 
 
 " His si tunc animis acies collata fuisset, 
 Prodita non tantas vidisset Graecia clades : 
 Oppida semoto Pelopeia Marte vigerent : 
 Starent Arcadiae, starent Lacedaemonis, arces : 
 Non mare fumasset geminum flagrante Corintho, 
 Nee fera Cecropias traxissent vincula matres. 
 Ilia dies potuit nostris imponere finem 
 Cladibus, et sceleris caussas auferre futuri." 
 
 Claudian. in Rcf. II. 186. 
 
" If such a courage o'er the fatal fight 
 
 Had breathed her spirit of resistless might, 
 Greece had not wept her broken shield and sword, 
 Nor Pelops'' reign the woes of war deplored : 
 Fair Peace had flourished o'er Arcadia still. 
 And Sparta sat, throned on her citadel ; 
 Athens had never felt the victor's chain, 
 Nor Corinth blazed along the double main : 
 That day of Grascia's shame had seen the close, 
 And crushed the embryo buds of future woes." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Turn lustrata Ephyre, Patraeque, et regia Pleuron, 
 Parnassusque biceps, Phceboque loquentia saxa." 
 
 Sil. XV. 311. 
 
 " Then passed they Ephyre, and Patrae's walls, 
 And wondering gazed on Pleuron's princely halls, 
 Parnassus 1 forked mount, and vocal rocks, 
 Instinct with Phoebus." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Jam pronis Gradivus equis Ephyrea premebat 
 Littora, qua summas caput Acrocorinthus in auras 
 Tollit, et alterna, geminum mare protegit umbra." 
 
 Stat. Theb. VII. 105. 
 
 " Now the red steeds of war the shores assail, 
 Where Corinth rears her tower-capt citadel, 
 And thence on either sea hath daily laid 
 The varying veil of her alternate shade." 
 
 J. P. 
 

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THEBES, IN BCEOTIA. 
 
 Quis satis Thebas fleat ? 
 
 Ferax Deorum tellus, quern dominum tremit ? 
 
 E cujus arvis, eque fcccundo sinu 
 
 Stricto juventus orta cum ferro stetit ; 
 
 Cujusque muros natus Amphion Jove 
 
 Struxit canoro saxa inodulatu trahens ; 
 
 In cujus urbem non semel Divom pater 
 
 Caelo relicto, venit ; haec qua? caelites 
 
 Recepit, et quae fecit, et (fas sit loqui) 
 
 Fortasse faciet, sordido premitur jugo. 
 
 Cadmea proles, civis atque Ophionis, 
 
 Quo decidistis ? tremitis ignavum exsulem 
 
 Suis carentem finibus, nostris gravem ; 
 
 Qui scelera terra, quique persequitur raari, 
 
 Tenetque Thebas exul Herculeas Lycus." — Seneca. 
 
 Thebes ! who shall weep aright for thee, 
 
 No more the valiant and the free ? 
 
 Thou cradle-land of many a god, 
 
 Stoop'st thou beneath a tyrant's rod ? 
 
 She, — from whose fields together rose, 
 
 The sworded bands of spell-born foes, — 
 
 Whose walls to rear, Amphion's tones 
 
 Led, as in dance, the charmed stones ; — 
 
 For whom so oft eternal Jove 
 
 Hath left his radiant seats above : — 
 
 To whom in former years was giv'n, 
 
 To shrine her favourites in heav'n ; 
 
 "Who, haply, gods will yet create, — 
 
 She bows beneath the cankering weight 
 
 Of iron bondage and disgrace. 
 
 How are ye fallen, Cadmean race ! 
 
 Shall a proud outcast vilely spurn 
 
 Your freedom's rights, ye dragon-born ? 
 
 Shall he usurp your country's throne, 
 
 A sordid exile from his own ? 
 
 Whose crimes affront the land and main, 
 
 Shall he Herculean Thebes profane P" J. P. 
 

 
 ' 
 
 ' 
 
THE CASTALIAN FOUNTAIN, 
 
 PARNASSUS. 
 
 " Urania ad latices deducit Pallada sacros, 
 Qua? mirata diu factas pedis ictibus undas, 
 Silvarum lucos circumspicit antiquarum, 
 Antraque et innumeris distinctos floribus herbas, 
 Felicesque vocat pariter studiique locique 
 Mnemonidas. ,, Ovid. Met. V. 263. 
 
 " The goddess, guided by the willing muse, 
 
 With rapturous gaze the hoof-struck fountain views, 
 Welling 'mid ancient trees, and shadowy bowers, 
 And grass, enamelled with a thousand flowers ; 
 And blest alike she deemed the sacred Nine, 
 In their charmed dwelling, and their task divine !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 •' Mons ibi verticibus petit arduus astra duobus, 
 Nomine Parnassus, superatque cacumine nubes." 
 
 Ovid. Met. I. 316. 
 
 " Parnassus lifts his forked summit high 
 Above the clouds, and hides it in the sky !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " O thou ! in Hellas deemed of heavenly birth, 
 .Muse ! formed or fabled at the minstrel's will ! 
 Since shamed full oft by later lyres on earth, 
 Mine dares not call thee from thy sacred hill : 
 Yet there I've wandered by thy vaunted rill ; 
 Yes ! sighed o'er Delphi's long-deserted shrine, 
 Where, save that feeble fountain, all is still ; 
 Nor mote my shell awake the weary Nine 
 
 To grace so plain a tale — this lowly lay of mine !" 
 
 Childe Harold, Canto I. v. 1. 
 
2 
 
 " Shall I unmoved behold the hallowed scene, 
 Which others rave of, though they know it not ? 
 Though here no more Apollo haunts his grot, 
 And thou, the Muses 1 seat, art now their grave, 
 Some gentle spirit still pervades the spot, 
 Sighs in the gale, keeps silence in the cave, 
 
 And glides, with glassy foot, o'er yon melodious wave !" 
 
 Childe Harold, Canto I. v. 412. 
 
 -He whom sadness seeketh may abide, 
 
 And scarce regret the rigour of his birth, 
 When wandering slow by Delphi's sacred side !" 
 
 Childe Harold, Canto II. v. 92. 
 
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 a. 
 
 5 
 
TEMPLE OF JUPITER PANHELLENIUS. 
 
 u Ex Asia rediens, cum ab yEgina Megaram versus navigarem, coepi regiones 
 circunicirca prospicere. Post me erat /Egina, ante Megara, dextra Pira;eus, 
 sinistra Corinthus : quae oppida quodam tempore florentissima fucrunt, nunc 
 prostrata et diruta ante oculos jacent. Coepi egomet mecum sic cogitare : Hem, 
 nos homunculi indignamur, si quis nostrum interiit, aut occisus est, quorum vita 
 brevior esse debet, cum uno loco tot oppidum cadavera projecta jaceant p" — Ciceuo, 
 Fam. IV. 
 
 " On my return out of Asia, as I was sailing from yEgina towards Megara, I 
 amused myself with contemplating the countries around. Behind me lay ^Egina, 
 before me Megara ; on my right Piraseus, on my left Corinth. These cities, 
 once so flourishing and magnificent, now presented nothing to my view but a sad 
 spectacle of desolation. * Alas ! ' I said to myself, ' shall so short-lived a crea- 
 ture as man complain when a fellow-mortal falls, either by the hand of violence, 
 or by the common course of nature ; while in this narrow compass, so many great 
 and glorious cities, formed for a much longer duration, lie thus extended in 
 ruins ?' " Melmoth. 
 
 IfiXav %ivut a^ev^at, 
 
 Tay nor Ivxtdpov ts kxi vecv- 
 ri KXvTat B'is-c-xvtc, ita^ fiu- 
 fic> sraT^oy 'EAAawau 
 
 Pindar, Nem. V. 
 
 " O island of the stranger's love, 
 iEgina, favourite of Jove ! 
 
 When, bowed before his sea-girt shrine, 
 
 Old heroes raised their hands to heaven, 
 To thee this destiny divine 
 
 By the Hellenian Sire was given, 
 To nurse heroic men, and crown 
 Thy masts unnumbered with renown." 
 
 J. P. 
 

 
 E^ 
 
 
INTERIOR OF THE ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS, 
 
 FROM THE PROPYLEA. 
 
 " Phalereus Demetrius Periclem principem Graecia? vituperat, quod tantam 
 pecuniam in praeclara ilia Propylea conjecerit." — Cicero de Officiis, II. IT. 
 
 " Phalereus Demetrius severely blames Pericles for having, in the course of 
 his administration, lavished such enormous treasures on the erection of those 
 Propylea, the magnificence of which is so highly celebrated." — J. P. 
 
 " Tritonida conspicit arcem, 
 Ingeniis opibusque et festa pace virentem, 
 Vixque tenet lacrymas, quia nil lacrymabile cernit." 
 
 Ovid. Met. II. 794. 
 
 " Tritonia's citadel she soon descried, 
 
 Adorned by Art with all his various pride. 
 With peace and splendour Envy saw it crowned, 
 And wept, for that no cause of tears she found !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Est et Athenaeis in mcembus, arcis in ipso 
 Vertice, Palladis ad templum Tritonidis alma- ; 
 Quo nunquam pennis adpellunt corpora raucae 
 Cornices ; non quum fumant altaria donis." 
 
 Lccret. VI. 749. 
 
 " Within the Athenian walls' wide-circling sweep, 
 The guardian fortress crowns a craggy steep. 
 There on the loftiest peak the columns shine 
 Of famed Tritonia's tutelary shrine; 
 O'er which no raven dares to flap his wings, 
 Even when the altar smokes with offerings." — J. P. 
 


 - 
 
ATHENS, 
 
 FROM THE EAST. 
 
 " Great source of science ! whose immortal name 
 Stands foremost in the glorious roll of Fame ; 
 Here godlike Socrates and Plato shone, 
 And, firm to truth, eternal honour won. 
 The first in Virtue's cause his life resigned, 
 By Heaven pronounced the wisest of mankind ; 
 The last foretold the spark of vital fire, 
 The soul's fine essence, never could expire. 
 Here Solon dwelt, the philosophic sage, 
 That fled Fisistratus' vindictive rage. 
 Just Aristides here maintain'd the cause, 
 Whose sacred precepts shine through Solon's laws. 
 Of all her towering structures, now alone, 
 Some scattered columns stand, with weeds o'ergrown !" 
 
 Falconer. 
 
 " Oh ! who can look along thy native sea 
 
 Nor dwell upon thy name, whate'er the tale, 
 So much its magic must o'er all prevail ? 
 Who that beheld that sun upon thee set, 
 Fair Athens ! could thine evening face forget ?" 
 
 Byron's Corsair, III. 1223. 
 
 T«» Kat Zsu; o h-«"/jc£«t«{ 
 Tlx>.Xu.s ts (pgovgitm Suit nu.ii 
 Vvri/laifiot "i.X)jt- 
 tu» ayxXiix rtcciucyair." 
 
 ^SCHYL. EUMENID. 
 
 " The city where almighty Jove 
 
 And Pallas hold their seat divine ; 
 
 Her all the gods of Hellas love, 
 
 Protectress of each hallowed shrine ; 
 
 Which her own hands have taught to rise, 
 
 And be the pride of deities !" 
 
 J. P. 
 

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BRENTHE, (CARITENA), 
 
 ON THE ALPHEUS, ARCADIA. 
 
 " The Valley represented in this Print, is the supposed scene of the battle be- 
 tween the Gods and the Giants. To preserve the memory of that dreadful contest, 
 the inhabitants, on certain occasions, sacrificed to tempests, to lightning, and the 
 thunder." 
 
 Pausan. Chap. 28. 29. 
 
 " Nor were the Gods themselves more safe above, 
 
 Against bcleaguer'd heav'n the 01 ants move. 
 
 Hills pil'd on hills, on mountains mountains lie, 
 
 To make their mad approaches to the sky. 
 
 Till Jove, no longer patient, took his time 
 
 T avenge, with thunder, their audacious crime ; 
 
 Red light'ning play'd along the firmament. 
 
 And their demolished works to pieces rent. 
 
 Sing'd with the flames, and with the bolts transfixt, 
 
 With native earth, their blood the monsters mist." 
 
 Otid, Book 1. 1. 10S. 
 
^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 *. 
 
TEMPLE OF JUPITER PANHELLENIUS, 
 
 ISLAND OF .EGINA*. 
 
 " Slow sinks, more lovely ere his race be run, 
 Along Morea's hills the setting sun ; 
 Not as in northern climes obscurely bright, 
 But one unclouded blaze of living light ! 
 O'er the hush'd deep the yellow beam he throws, 
 Gilds the green wave, that trembles as it glows. 
 On old ^Egina's rock, and Idra's Isle, 
 The God of Gladness sheds his parting smile ; 
 Oer his own regions lingering loves to shine, 
 Though there his altars are no more divine." 
 
 Corsaib, Canto III. 
 
 See No. II. Plate 4. 
 

 & 
 
MOUNT PARNASSUS. 
 
 " Hespeiuo tantum quantum semotus Eoo 
 Cardine, Parnassus gemino petit aethera colle, 
 Mons Phoebo Bromioque sacer ; cui numine misto 
 Delphica Thebanse referunt tricterica Bacchae. 
 Hoc solum, fluctu terras mergente, cacumen 
 Eminuit, pontoque fuit discrimen et astris.' 1 
 
 Lccan. Pharsal. 
 
 " Midway between the east and farthest west, 
 Parnassus lifts on high his double crest ; 
 Sacred to Sol and Bacchus stands the Mount, 
 And maids inspired their double praise recount, 
 When, at each third revolving summer's fall, 
 Delphos and Thebes hold common festival. 
 Once, swelling from its bed, the dread abyss 
 Of waters whelmed each mountain-top, save this; 
 Proudly it reared its lonely head on high, 
 Sole bound between the ocean and the sky !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Oh, thou, Parnassus, whom I now survey, 
 
 Not in the phrenzy of a dreamer's eye, 
 
 Not in the fabled landscape of a lay, 
 
 But soaring snow-clad through thy native sky 
 
 In the wild pomp of mountain-majesty ! 
 
 What marvel, if I thus essay to sing ? 
 
 The humblest of thy pilgrims passing by 
 
 Would gladly woo thine echoes with his string, 
 Though from thy heights no more one muse will wave her wing. 
 
 " Oft have I dreamed of thee, whose glorious name 
 
 Who knows not, knows not man's divinest lore. 
 
 And, now I view thee, 'tis, alas ! with shame 
 
 That I in humblest accents must adore. 
 
 When I recount thy worshippers of yore, 
 
 I tremble, and can only bend the knee ; 
 
 Nor raise my voice, nor vainly dare to soar, 
 
 But gaze beneath thy cloudy canopy. 
 In silent joy to think at last I look on thee !" 
 
 Byron's Childe Harold. 
 

 
 
 
PLAIN OF PLATiEA, 
 
 FROM MOUNT CITH^ERON. 
 
 " H'trxi $i* tJ; incu^Mi Toti Ki0xi£oi»8; icxqx 'Ytrix; f; t»'» TlXxTxttix ySi» - aTixo^iroi ii haarmt 
 kxtx iitix, xAno-djr t?; Tf X{ii»ii5 Tif? T x^yxtyins-, S'« <>;£0<u» re oux tnJ'iiAai)', xai asrsJot/ £a>{iou • * 
 
 * * T« *ti» BaXlSl i<7T< If TXVTtll Tilt fiXX,W KlTTOinuitx. 
 
 w T»jf o tTi Qigpaoorrt icxt Aitutm XiyjurU-n 
 'EA>.»jv^i' ci/veSop, Kxt /Zxfixpoty&ivof tvyjir, 
 Tji ?r«AAoJ 7rt<r'-0)TXt ujtsj Axytfinm, fii^tt ti 
 
 Heeodot. IX. 
 
 " The Greeks marched along the base of Mount Cithaeron, by Hysia, into 
 the Plain of Plat^ea ; and there they formed their array near the Gargaphian 
 Fountain, arranging themselves according to their tribes along an expanse of 
 rugged ground, diversified with hillocks of considerable height * * * *. The 
 following lines of Bacis refer to this engagement. 
 
 " By green Asopus' and Thermodon's banks, 
 Shall Hellas muster her unconquered ranks, 
 When, with Barbarian shriek, the quivered Mede 
 Shall in the ire of Fate and Freedom bleed." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 -Here the Persian tyrant, foiled and stung 
 
 With shame and desperation, gnashed his teeth, 
 To see thee rend the pageants of his throne, 
 And at the lightning of thy lifted spear 
 Crouched like a slave." 
 
 Byron's Childk Harold. 
 
m 
 
 
 -; 
 
THE VALLEY OF THE PLEISTUS, 
 
 FROM DELPHI, MOUNT PARNASSUS. 
 
 ■' Above, the mountain rears a peak, 
 Where vultures whet the thirsty beak, 
 And their's may be a feast to-night, 
 Shall tempt them down ere morrow's light. 
 Beneath, a river's wintry stream 
 Has shrunk before the summer beam, 
 And left a channel bleak and bare, 
 Save shrubs that spring to perish there. 
 Each side the midway path there lay 
 Small broken crags of granite gray, 
 By tirrie or mountain lightning riven, 
 From summits clad in mists of heaven ; 
 For where is he that hath beheld 
 The peak of Liakura * unveiled ?" 
 
 Giaour, 553. 
 
 There have been bright and glorious pageants here, 
 Where now grey stones and moss-grown columns lie; 
 There have been words, which earth grew pale to hear, 
 Breath 'd from the cavern's misty chambers nigh : — 
 There have been voices, through the sunny sky, 
 And the pine woods, their choral hymn-notes sending, 
 And reeds and lyres, their Dorian melody, 
 With incense-clouds around the temple blending, 
 And throngs, with laurel boughs, before the altar bending. 
 
 • PariKi'.Mi>. 
 
2 
 
 There have been treasures of the seas and isles 
 Brought to the day-god's now forsaken throne ; 
 Thunders have peal'd along the rock-defiles, 
 When the far-echoing battle-horn made known 
 That foes were on their way ! the deep-wind's moan 
 Hath chilTd the invader's heart with secret fear, 
 And from the Sibyl-grottoes, wild and lone, 
 Storms have gone forth, which, in their fierce career, 
 From his bold hand have struck the banner and the spear ! 
 
 The shrine hath sunk ! but thou unchang'd art there ! 
 Mount of the voice and vision, rob'd with dreams ! 
 Unchang'd, and rushing through the radiant air, 
 With thy dark waving pines, and flashing streams, 
 And all thy founts of song ! their bright course teems 
 With inspiration yet ; and each dim haze, 
 Or golden cloud which floats around thee, seems 
 As with its mantle veiling from our gaze 
 The mysteries of the past, the gods of elder days ! 
 
 Away, vain phantasies ! — doth less of power 
 Dwell round thy summit, or thy cliff's invest, 
 Though in deep stillness now, the ruin's flower 
 Wave o'er the pillars mouldering on thy breast ? 
 Lift through the free blue heavens thine arrowy crest ! 
 Let the great rocks their solitude regain ! 
 No Delphian lyres now break thy noontide rest 
 With their full chords ! — But silent be the strain ! 
 Thou hast a mightier voice to speak th' Eternal's reign ! 
 
 The above beautiful verses, I have much pride in saying, were written by 
 that accomplished poet Mrs Hemans, expressly in relation to the picture from 
 which this engraving is made. The lines are published in the appendix to Mrs 
 Hemans's splendid dramatic poem, the Siege of Valencia. — H. W. W. 
 
; 
 
 
THE 
 
 TEMPLE OF MINERVA SUNIAS, 
 
 ON THE PROMONTORY OF SUNIUM, NOW CAPE COLONNA, THE SOUTHERN 
 
 EXTREMITY OF ATTICA, OVERHANGING THE AEGEAN SEA, AT 
 
 THE ENTRANCE OF THE SARONIC GULPH. 
 
 -Eois longe speculabile proris 
 
 Sunion, unde vagi casurum in nouiina ponti, 
 Cressia decepit falso ratis JEgea velo." 
 
 Stat. Thkb. XII. 621. 
 
 " Sunium, that, gleaming in the western light, 
 To the far sailor rears its headland height ; 
 Whence, mocked by the false sail, sad /Egeus gave 
 His life and name to the unpitying wave." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Sunion expositura, Piraeaque tuta recessu " 
 
 Ovid. Fast. I. 
 
 " Sunium, that braves the ocean shelterless, 
 And calm Piraeeus, in its safe recess." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " But now Athenian mountains they descry, 
 And o'er the surge Colonna frowns from high ; 
 Where marble columns, long by time defaced, 
 Moss-covered, on the lofty peak are placed ; 
 There reared by fair Devotion, to sustain 
 In elder times Tritonia's sacred fane." 
 
 Falconer, Canto III. 
 
 " Tritonia's airy shrine adorns 
 
 Colonna's cliff, and gleams along the wave." 
 
 Childf. Harold, Canto III. 
 

 
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THE MOUNTAINS OF EPIRUS, 
 
 SEEN FROM ON BOARD OF SHIP. 
 
 " Portubus exierant, et moverat aura rudentes, 
 Obvertit lateri pendentes navita remos, 
 Cornuaque in summa locat arbore, totaque raalo 
 Carbasa deducit, venientesque excipit auras." 
 
 Ov. Met. XI. 474. 
 
 " The canvas stretched its snowy bosom wide, 
 The oar in rest hung by the vessel's side, 
 Each lofty mast was crowned, and gentle gales, 
 Singing amid the cordage, filled the sails." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Ccrtatam lite Deorum 
 Ambraciam versique vident sub imagine saxum 
 Judicis, Actiaco quae nunc ab Apolline nota est; 
 Vocalemque sua. terram Dodonida quercu, 
 Chaoniosque sinus." 
 
 Ov. Met. XIII. 711. 
 
 They pass Ambracia's shore, whose olden name 
 Now wanes before Phoebean Actium's fame ; 
 There erst in strife immortal rivals met, 
 Transformed to stone there stands the umpire yet ; 
 Afar Dodona's vocal oaks are seen, 
 And old Chaonia's laps of softest green." 
 
 J. P. 
 

 ^Eschyl. Prom. Vinct. 
 
 " Then shalt thou wander in thy devious track, 
 Where old Dodona rears her ridgy back ; 
 And with oracular power, all-present Jove 
 Inspires the mystic grot, and vocal grove." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Linquere turn portas jubeo, et considere transtris, 
 Certatim socii feriunt mare, et aequora verrunt. 
 Effugimus scopulos Ithaca?, Laertia regna, 
 Et terram altricem saevi exsecramur Ulixei ; 
 Mox et Leucata? nimbosa cacumina montis, 
 Et formidatus nautis aperitur Apollo. 
 Litoraque Epiri legimus, portuque subimus 
 Chaonio, et celsam Buthroti accedimus urbem." 
 
 VlEG. MS. III. 
 
 " And now the rowers, summoned from the shore, 
 Line all the deck, and ply the flashing oar ; 
 We pass the kingdom of the prince of guile, 
 With rapid keel, and curse Ulysses' isle ; 
 Soon we discern Leucate's cloud-capt head, 
 And dire Apollo's rock, the sailor's dread ; 
 Then hail the Epirot shore, and, gliding past, 
 Rest in the hoped Chaonian port at last. 1 ' 
 
 J. P. 
 
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TEMPLE OF JUPITER OLYMPIUS, 
 
 AT ATHENS. 
 
 " Magnificentiae vero in Deos, vel Jovis Olympii templum Athenis, unmn in 
 terris inchoatum pro magnitudine Dei, potest testis esse." — Liv. xli. 20. 
 
 " Of the magnificence of their Divine worship, the Temple of Jupiter Olym- 
 pius, at Athens, may serve as an example, — the only one in the world undertaken 
 upon a scale commensurate with the majesty of the God." 
 
 " Thou art not silent ! — Oracles are thine 
 Which the wind utters, and the spirit hears, 
 Lingering, 'mid ruined fane, and broken shrine, 
 O'er many a tale and trace of other years ! 
 — Bright as an ark, o*er all the flood of tears 
 That wraps thy cradle-land — thine earthly love — 
 Where hours of hope 'mid centuries of fears 
 Have gleamed, like lightnings thro' the gloom above- 
 Stands, roofless to the sky, thy home, Olympian Jove ! 
 
 " Thy columned aisles with whispers of the past 
 Are vocal ! — and along thine ivied walls 
 While Elian echoes murmur in the blast, 
 And wild-flowers hang, like victor-coronals, 
 In vain the turbaned tyrant rears his halls, 
 And plants the symbol of his faith and slaughters; — 
 Now, even now, the beam of promise falls 
 Bright upon Hellas, as her own bright daughters, 
 
 And a Greek Ararat is rising o'er the waters ! 
 
" Thou art not silent ! — when the southern fair — 
 Ionia's moon * — looks down upon thy breast, 
 Smiling, as pity smiles above despair, 
 Soft as young beauty, soothing age to rest, — 
 Sings the night-spirit in thy weedy crest, 
 And she, the minstrel of the moonlight hours, 
 Breathes — like some lone one, sighing to be blest — 
 Her lay — half hope, half sorrow — from the flowers, 
 
 And hoots the prophet-owl, amid his tangled bowers. 
 
 " And, round thine altar's mouldering stones are born 
 Mysterious harpings, wild as ever crept 
 From him who waked Aurora, every morn, 
 And sad as those he sung her, till she slept ! — 
 A thousand, and a thousand years have swept 
 O'er thee, who wert a moral from thy spring — 
 A wreck in youth ■}■ ! — nor vainly hast thou kept 
 Thy lyre ! — Olympia's soul is on the wing, 
 
 And a new Iphitus has waked beneath its string !" 
 
 T. K. Heevey. 
 
 • Ionia was a name anciently given to Attica, and sometimes to the whole of Achaia. 
 f The Temple of Jupiter Olympius was begun by Pisistratus, upon a scale of great 
 magnificence, but never completed. 
 
3HU 
 
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THE GULF OF LEPANTO, 
 
 ANCIENTLY SINUS CORINTHIACUS. 
 
 ,( Tumque Corinthiaci carpebam litora ponti, 
 
 Quum mare surrexit, cumulusque immanis aquarum 
 la montis speciem curvari et crescere visas," &c. 
 
 Ov. Met. XV. 507. 
 
 " I trod the shore of Corinth's winding bay, 
 
 And watched the blue waves at their summer play, 
 When, swelling like a mountain, from his bed 
 The ocean reared his froth-becurled head," &c. 
 
 J. P. 
 
 '' Congeminat signum terris, unde omnis Achaei 
 Ora maris late, Pelopeiaque regna resultant ; 
 Audiit et medius casli Parnassus, et asper 
 Eurotas, dubiamquc jugo fragor impulit GEten 
 In latus, et geminis vix fluctibus obstitit Isthmos. 
 Ipsa suum genetrix, curvo delphine vagantem, 
 Arripuit frenis, gremioque Palasmona pressit." 
 
 Stat. Theb. I. 
 
 " In doubling thunder from her airy height 
 She pealed to earth the signal of the fight ; 
 Along the wide Achaian gulf it thrilled, 
 And Pelops 1 realm with dreadful clangor filled ; 
 In middle sky Parnassus heard the blast, 
 Old (Eta bowed astonished, as it past ; 
 And scarce could Corinth's Isthmian barrier brave 
 The startled rush of either ocean's wave ; 
 Checking her dolphin, Ino trembling pressed 
 Palaemon, though immortal, to her breast." 
 
 J. P. 
 
2 
 
 " Imminet asquoribus scopulus. Pars ima cavatur 
 Fluctibus, et tectas defendit ab imbribus undas. 
 Summa viget, frontemque in apertum porrigit aequor. 
 Occupat hunc, voces insania fecerat, Ino, 
 Seque super pontum, nullo tardata timore, 
 Mittit onusque suum. Percussa reconduit unda. 1 ' 
 
 Ov. Met. IV. 524. 
 " Inoosque sinus." 
 
 1b. 496. 
 
 " Above the water frowns a rocky steep, 
 
 Scooped into caverns by the mining deep ; 
 
 Proudly it shoots its forehead o'er the main, 
 
 That sleeps beneath undimpled by the rain ; 
 
 Stung Ino sought the peak with frantic course, 
 
 (For madness gave her more than human force), 
 
 Thence headlong with her burden fearless dashed, 
 
 And to her fall the stricken waters flashed. 
 
 She lives a goddess now, and since the day 
 That saw her mortal fate, her name has graced the bay." 
 
 J. P. 
 
fe 
 
 
 
ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS, 
 
 TAKEN FROM THE PNYX OR ANCIENT FORUM. 
 
 *' Collis ubi ingens 
 
 Lis superum, dubiis donee nova surgeret arbor 
 Rupibus, et longa refugum mare frangeret umbra." 
 
 " The hill where the immortal rivals strove, 
 Till sprang the olive on the wond'ring steep, 
 And stretched its shade victorious o'er the deep. 
 
 Stat. 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Pnyx erat locus Athenis juxta Acropolin, asdificatus antiquae simplicitatis 
 ritu, non ad posterioris theatri splendorem." — Pollcx. 
 
 " The Pnyx was a part of Athens adjoining to the Acropolis, of which the 
 architecture was in the style of antique simplicity, and not according to the ornate 
 fashion of more modern times." — J. P. 
 
 " n»t>$ Tosro? 'A6irt)ci, a u lu (KKXr,T$cti irttXai flit tiytrro Tarai."— HeSYCH. 
 
 " The Pnyx was a place in Athens, where all the assemblies of the people 
 used to be held.'" — J. P. 
 
 Ayi* lYtinciTK." — ARISTOPH. EQUIT. 
 
 The Pnyx-frequenting populace." — J. P. 
 
 " 'E«» ii i wiXif (ti»* mipattii, 2u uiwrut) it Iltvxi, it rfi uckM^iu." — DEMOSTH. 
 
 " When the city confers a crown on any one, it must be proclaimed in the 
 Pnyx at a full assembly." — J. P. 
 
Here to the famous orators repair, 
 Those ancient, whose resistless eloquence 
 Wielded at will that fierce democracy, 
 Shook the arsenal, and fulmin'd over Greece, 
 To Macedon and Artaxerxes' throne.'" 
 
 Milton. 
 
 " Blue-eyed Athena * ! what a dream wert thou ! 
 Oh ! what a glory hovered o'er thy shrine — 
 Thy hill — where darker error nestles now ! 
 Yet art thou hallowed — though no more divine ! 
 The worship of all noblest hearts is thine, 
 Tho' the dull Moslem haunts the sacred earth 
 Where sprung the olive o'er its bower of vine, 
 And watched above thine own Cecropia's birth. — 
 Truth, that should chase such dreams, were surely little worth ! 
 
 " For oh ! thou art the very purest thought / 
 
 That fable e'er conceived ! — and, on thy hill, 
 Thine own blue hill, — where time and Turk have wrought, 
 In vain, to break the charm that lingers still, — 
 The heart that owns a better faith, may kneel, 
 Nor wrong his creed, while bending o'er the sod 
 Where gods — and men like gods in act and will — 
 Are made immortal, by the wizard rod 
 Of him whose every thought aspired to be a god -f- ! 
 
 " Mount of the free — Olympus of the earth ! 
 
 Fair as a temple — lonely as a tomb ! 
 
 Shall the dark robber rear his household hearth 
 
 Where fabled gods contended for a home — 
 
 Those bright abstractions of a truth to come ? 
 
 No — by the gift Trcezene's monarch gave j ! 
 
 No — by thy withered olive's early bloom ! — 
 
 The sea-god's offering calls upon thy brave, 
 Mount, and replant the tree — upon the Moslem's grave !" 
 
 T. K. Hervey. 
 
 * Minerva. -|- Phidias, — the noblest of whose works adorn the citadel. 
 
 J " King of Trcezene" was a title given to Neptune, by Jupiter. His gift to the Athe- 
 nians was a horse, as the symbol of war. 
 
63 
 
 J. 
 
ODEUM, 
 
 OR THE THEATRE OF ATTICUS HERODES, ATHENS. 
 
 This fabric was designed by Pericles for the musical contests, which he regu- 
 lated and introduced at the Panathenasan solemnity *. The building was finished 
 by Lycurgus, son of Lycophron. It contained many rows of seats and marble 
 columns. The roof was constructed with the masts and yards of Persian ships, 
 and formed to imitate the pavilion of Xerxes. Here was the tribunal of the 
 archon, or supreme magistrate ; and here the Athenians listened to the rhapso- 
 dists rehearsing the poems of Homer, and to the songs in praise of the patriots 
 Harmodius and Aristogiton, and Thrasybulus. Aristion and Sylla set it on 
 fire ; the former, when he fled to the Acropolis, because the timber would have 
 enabled the enemy to raise machines for an attack without loss of time. King 
 Ariobarzanes the Second, named Philopator, who reigned in Cappadocia not 
 long after, restored it. He was honoured with a statue by the people, as appears 
 from an inscription. Before the entrance were the statues of the kings of Egypt. 
 This was the edifice in being when Pausanias published his Attica ; afterwards, as 
 he informs us, it was rebuilt by Atticus Herodes, in memory of his wife Regilla. 
 This fabric was roofed with cedar, and Greece had not a rival to it in dimensions 
 and magnificence. The wall of the inner front of the proscenium is still stand- 
 ing, very lofty, with open arches, serving as part of the out-work of the Acropolis. 
 
 Chandler's Travels in Greece, vol. ii. page 74. 
 
 • In allusion to this edifice, Cratinus takes occasion to ridicule Pericles in his play called Thrattae : 
 Here comes our Jove, escaped an exile's doom ; 
 And on his head behold the music room ! 
 
 Pli'Tabch's Life of Pericles. 
 
:.- J 
 
THE CASTLE OF PATRASS, 
 
 AT ANCIENT PATR.E. 
 
 -Undique Graiae 
 
 Circum errant acics, ct, ni mea cura resistit, 
 Jam flamma? tulerint, inimicus ct hauscrit ensis, 
 Hie ubi disjectas moles, avulsaque saxis 
 Saxa vides, mixtoque undantem pulvere fumum, 
 Jam sumtnas arces Tutonia, respice, Pallas 
 Insedit nimbo effulgens ct Gorgone saeva ; 
 Ipse Pater Danais animos viresque secundas 
 Sufficit." 
 
 Virg. Mx. II. 
 
 " Long years of blood and labour hath she cost, 
 
 That fortress proud, to Grecia's patriot host. 
 
 But she is doomed ; the hour draws nigh at length, 
 
 When fire and steel shall tame her haughty strength ; 
 
 On yonder giant rock, her massive wall, 
 
 Midst smoke and dust, now totters to its fall. 
 
 With cloudy robes, and Gorgon buckler, see 
 
 How Pallas calls her sons to victory ! 
 
 Aod, smiling on their path, the heavenly Sire 
 Hath filled their arm with might, their hearts with patriot fire !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 The Castle of Patrass is the principal fortress which the Turks now possess in the Peloponnesus. 
 
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THE ACADEMIC GROVE,— ATHENS. 
 
 See there the olive grove of Academe, 
 
 Plato's retirement, where the Attic bird 
 
 Trills her thick-warbled notes the summer long.'" 
 
 Milton, Par. Reg. 
 
 " Haec adeo penitus cura videre sagaci, 
 Otia qui studiis laeti tenuere decoris, 
 Inque Academia umbrifera, nitidoque Lyceo 
 Fuderunt claras fcecundi pectoris artes." 
 
 Cicero de Ditch. 
 
 " Such were the truths those godlike sages taught, 
 Who traced of old the tracks of studious thought, 
 While through Lyceum's brilliant walks they stray'd, 
 Or fondly mused 'neath Plato's olive shade ; 
 And thence, with lips inspired, and glowing hearts, 
 Poured from their fruitful breasts immortal arts. 
 
 J. P. 
 
 Guide my way 
 
 Through fair Lyceum's walk, the green retreats 
 Of Academus, and the thymy vale, 
 Where oft enchanted with Socratic sounds, 
 Ilissus pure devolv'd his tuneful stream 
 In gentle murmurs."' ■ 
 
 Akexside, Book I. Lixe 590. 
 
2 
 
 " Naturane nobis hoc datum dicam, an errore quodam ut, cum ea loca vide- 
 amus, in quibus memoria dignos viros acceperimus multum esse versatos, magis 
 moveamur quam siquando ipsorum aut facta audiamus, aut scriptum aliquod 
 legamus ? Velut nunc ego moveor. Venit enim mihi Platonis in mentem, quern 
 accepimus primum hie disputare solitum; cujus etiam illi hortuli propinqui 
 non memoriam solum mihi afferunt, sed ipsum videntur in conspectu meo ponere. 
 Hie Speusippus, hie Xenocrates, hie ejus auditor Polemo, cujus ilia ipsa sessio 
 fuit, quam videmus." Cicero de Finib. V. 
 
 " Shall I ascribe it to a law of our nature, or to a delusive habit of mind, 
 that when we look upon the scenes which illustrious men of old frequented, our 
 feelings are more deeply excited than even by hearing the record of their deeds, or 
 perusing the works of their genius ? Such is the emotion I now experience, when 
 I think, that here Plato was accustomed to discourse ; these gardens around us 
 not merely recal the idea of the sage to my memory, but place, as it were, his 
 very form before my eyes. Here, too, Speusippus taught, — here Xenocrates, — 
 here his disciple, Polemo ;— this is the very seat he used to occupy." J. P. 
 
P F 
 
MOUNT OLENO,— PELOPONNESUS. 
 
 Krunrrif T ivTtvf, im r trrtx »*>.« xiyttr'.;, 
 
 nirjii? t' 'QAlMK. M 
 
 Homer. Iliad. XI. 
 
 So, slaying still, and spoiling still the slain, 
 In hot pursuit we swept along the plain, 
 Until our panting coursers, worn and spent, 
 Paused at the Olenian mountains steep ascent." 
 
 J. P 
 
 " Quod petis Oleniis, inquam, mihi missus ab arvis 
 Flos dabit, est hortis unicus ille meis." 
 
 Ovid. Fast. V. 
 
 " Afar in the Olenian fields, 
 
 Unrivalled in its worth and power 
 By all the herbs my garden yields, 
 
 There grows a strange and mystic flower." 
 
 J. r. 
 
 " Nascitur Oleniae sidus pluviale Capelhe, 
 Ilia dati ccelum praemia lactis habet." 
 
 Ovid. Fast V. 
 
 " The Olenian goat, that for her udders given 
 To infant Jove, now shines a star in heaven." 
 
 J. P. 
 
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PART OF 
 THE TEMPLE OF MINERVA, 
 
 IN THE ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS. 
 
 " Fuit in tectis de marniore templum, 
 Unde exaudiri voces et verba vocantis 
 Visa viri, nox quum terras obscura teneret ; 
 Solaque culminibus ferali carmine bubo 
 Saepe queri, et longas in fletum ducere voces." 
 
 Virg. Mn. IV. 
 
 There stood, of purest marble reared, a fane, 
 
 Whence, through the stillness of night's shadowy reign, 
 
 The voices of the dead, in accents drear, 
 
 Oft seem'd to burst upon the listening ear, 
 
 While ever from the moonlit summit pale 
 
 The owl prolonged her lonely funeral wail." 
 
 J. P. 
 
I 
 
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MISITRA, 
 
 THE ANCIENT SPARTA. 
 
 Run a mihi, et rigui placeant in vallibus amnes, 
 Flumina amem sylvasque inglorius. ubi campi, 
 Spercheosque, et virginibus bacchata Lacaenis 
 Taygeta ! O, qui me gelidis in vallibus 1 1.-i-mi 
 Sistat, et ingenti ramorum protegat umbra !" 
 
 Virgil. Georg. 
 
 Be mine to love the fields, the woods, the rills, 
 And rushing floods, that shine among the hills ! 
 Unknown by fame, my tranquil years to spend, 
 Where plains in wide luxuriant pomp extend ; 
 Roam where Spercheos winds his wizard stream, 
 And in the shadowy vales of Haemus dream ; 
 Or thine, Taygetus, where, on the days 
 Of festal joy, the Spartan virgin strays ! 
 There let me rest, deep in some glimmering glade, 
 Beneath a boundless canopy of shade !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 : Taygetique phalanx, et oliviferi Eurotae 
 
 Dura manus. Deus ipse viros in pulvere crudo 
 
 Areas alit, nudaeque modos virtutis, et iras 
 
 Ingenerat : vigor inde animis, et mortis honoras 
 
 Dulce sacrum ; gaudent natorum in fata parentes 
 
 Hortanturque mori ; deflet jamque omnis ephebum 
 
 Turba, coronato contenta est funere mater." 
 
 Stat. Thkb. 
 
 ' Next of Taygetus the warrior ranks 
 Advance, from olive-crowned Eurotas 1 banks, 
 Where, nursed to valour by the Arcadian god, 
 A hardy people have their proud abode, 
 And daily draw, from use of martial arts, 
 Strength to their arms, and courage to their hearts. 
 
2 
 
 Sires lead their children to the battle-plain, 
 And bid them earn the honours of the slain ; 
 They, at the word, to arms exulting fly, 
 As t'were a sweet and sacred thing to die. 
 And even the mother, while the youthful dead 
 Is wept by thousands, proudly lifts her head, 
 And, (for he lies upon a laurelled bier), 
 Beholds his gory corse without a tear !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
 -On Morea's land, 
 
 Fair Misitra ! thy modern turrets stand. 
 
 Ah ! who, unmoved with secret woe, can tell, 
 
 That here great Lacedaemon's glory fell ? 
 
 Here once she flourished, at whose trumpet sound 
 
 War burst his chains, and nations shook around ! 
 
 Here brave Leonidas, from shore to shore, 
 
 Through all Achaia bade her thunders roar ! 
 
 He, when imperial Xerxes, from afar, 
 
 Advanced with Persia's sumless troops to war, 
 
 Till Macedonia shrunk beneath his spear, 
 
 And Greece dismayed beheld the chief draw near, 
 
 He, at Thermopylae's immortal plain, 
 
 His force repelled, with Sparta's glorious train ; 
 
 Tall (Eta saw the tyrant's conquered bands 
 
 In gasping myriads bleed on hostile lands. 
 
 Thus vanquished Asia trembling heard thy name, 
 
 And Thebes and Athens sickened at thy fame." 
 
 Falconer's Shipwreck. 
 
y 
 
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PART OF THE TOWN OF LIVADIA, 
 
 0\ THE RIVER HERCYNA, ANCIENT LEBADIA 
 
 " Ae««3i* Vvtt'ii otou A/o; Tppemtv fixtnTcv < 3jut«i ^as-ftotTsj vxstouov x.»TeiZx<rn •£<»• unwiii. 
 3' k'jto; o ^<i»Tiigi3e^o^«i»o;." Strabo, X. 
 
 " At Lebadia is the Oracle of Jupiter Trophonius, constructed over the 
 mouth of a subterranean chasm, into which the person who seeks the response 
 descends. 1 ' — J. P. 
 
 " Autumni fere tempus erat, cujus temporis initio circumeundam Graeciam 
 visendaque quas nobilitata fama. magis auribus acccpta sunt quam oculis nos- 
 cuntur, Lebadia? templum Jovis Trophonii adiit. Ibi quum vidisset os specus 
 per quod oraculo utentes sciscitatum Deos descendunt, sacrificium fecit Jovi 
 Hercynnaeque, quorum ibi templum est." — Livy, XLY. 
 
 " About the commencement of autumn he determined to make the tour of 
 Greece, and to visit the places, which, consecrated by ancient fame, derive their 
 interest not so much from what is seen by the eye, as from what the ear has 
 heard concerning them. At Lebadia, accordingly, he visited the temple of Ju- 
 piter Trophonius, and inspected the mouth of the chasm into which those who 
 consult the oracle descend to interrogate the Gods. There, too, he offered >a- 
 crifice to Jupiter and Hercyna, who have a common temple in the city." — J. P. 
 
 " Ut vidit vastos telluris hiatus 
 Divinam spirare fidem, ventosque loquaces 
 Exhalare solum, sacris se condidit antri-. 
 Incubuitque adyto vates." 
 
 Lucan. Phabs. \ 
 
 The prophet, marvelling, heard low winds beneath 
 That wondrous soil oracular voices breathe, 
 Then plunged into the sacred chasm, and there 
 Saw mystic sights, and drank inspiring air.'" 
 
 J. P. 
 

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PATRAS, (ANCIENT PATRiE.) 
 
 " T£ n^tw/iiit xat t£ uti, otefut 3s o'i ij» IT*T£S</;, iiro A^aiir 'u)o$m Ktirxrtxi iriMt »» tJ ;£«'{*, 
 k«/ to o»«jK« sit T»u Tlxr^iai; ni0>) -nf groAci." Pal'SAN. VII. G. 
 
 " The Achaeans granted permission to Preugenes and his son Patreus to 
 build a city in their territory, which, after the name of the latter, was called 
 Patrse." 
 
 " Fretum quod Naupactum et Patras interfluit Rhion incolae vocant." 
 
 Liv. XXVII. 29. 
 
 " The straits which separate Naupactus (Lepanto) from Patrae are called 
 by the inhabitants of that district Rhion." 
 
 " Turn lustrata Ephyre, Patrosque, et regia Pleuron." 
 
 Stat. Theb. I. 
 
 " Then Ephyre we passed, and Patrae's walls, 
 
 And wondering gazed on Pleuron's princely halls." 
 
 J. P. 
 
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TEMPLE OF PANDROSUS, 
 
 DEDICATED TO THE NYMPH PANDROSUS, ONE OF THE DAUGHTERS OF 
 CECROPS, FOUNDER OF ATHENS. 
 
 " The Pandhosecm is a small, but very particular building. The entabla- 
 ture is supported by women, called Caryatides. Their story is thus related. 
 The Greeks, victorious in the Persian war, jointly destroyed Carya, a city of 
 the Peloponnesus, which had favoured the common enemy. They cut off the 
 males, and carried into captivity the women, whom they compelled to retain 
 their former dress and ornaments, though in a state of servitude. The archi- 
 tects of those times, to perpetuate the memory of their punishment, represented 
 them, as in this instance, each with a burden on her head, one hand uplifted 
 to it, and the other hanging down by her side. The images were six in num- 
 ber, all looking toward the Parthenon. Three in front, with that next to the 
 Propylea, still remain, but greatly mutilated. This temple was open latticed 
 between the statues; and in it was the olive tree said to have been produced 
 by Minerva, in her contest with Neptune for the patronage of the city." 
 
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ROCKS OF THE STROPHADES. 
 
 " Servatum ex undis Strophadum me littora primum 
 Accipiunt. Strophades Grajo stant nomine dictae 
 Insula? Ionio in magno : quas dira Celaeno, 
 Harpyaeque colunt aliae : Phineia postquam 
 Clausa domus, mensasque metu liquere priores. 
 Tristius haud illis monstrum, nee saevior ulla 
 Pestis et ira Deum Stygiis sese extulit undis." 
 
 Vikgil, ^Eneid. III. 209- 
 
 " I reached at last, safe from the threatening seas, 
 The islets, named of Greece the Strophades, 
 Clustering amid the Ionian deep they stood, 
 Haunts of Celaeno and her Harpy-brood ; 
 They, driven by terror from their ancient feasts, 
 From Phineus 1 dwelling came, abhorred guests ! 
 Than them did never Stygian darkness nurse, 
 Nor Heaven let loose on earth a loathlier curse." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 Yet one remained — the Messenger of Fate, 
 High on a craggy cliff Celaeno sate." 
 
 Devden's Vijigil, jEneid III 
 
3R.IVJB m S Cffi HE IT , 
 
 APPROACHING PKUEIIE. IW ACHAIA. 
 fiiMj^tiai by l<j/v/nuisL Attn i£C° Zonj&n. asu/ Adam . SlmJ: Etfoibusi/hJ826. 
 
RIVER SCENERY, 
 
 APPROACHING ANCIENT PELLENE, IN ACHAIA. 
 
 " Juvat integros accedere fontes, 
 Atque haurire." 
 
 LUCRKTIUS. 
 
 " Be mine to roam untrodden paths, and drink 
 Unviolated springs." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " As we left Pellene, we saw a Temple of Bacchus, in which the nocturnal 
 festival of the lamps is annually celebrated ; great numbers are lighted up, and 
 wine is copiously distributed to the multitude. Opposite to it is the sacred 
 wood of Diana Conservatrix, into which none but the priests are allowed to 
 enter. We next saw, in a Temple of Minerva, a statue of that goddess, of 
 gold and ivory, of such beautiful workmanship, that it is ascribed to Phidias." 
 — Anacharsis, Vol. III. P. 403. 
 

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THE SCHISTE, 
 
 IN THE MOUNTAIN OF PARNASSUS. 
 
 " We suddenly came upon the road anciently called Schiste, or the Rent, 
 lying between the lofty mountains of Cirphis and Parnassus, and once doomed 
 to be polluted with the blood of Laius, who was killed there by CEdipus, a 
 principal event in his renowned and tragical story." 
 
 " iVur.is flit q yi? KXr,tjiTur G-KICTTli 3 oJif 
 
 £; tscvto A:Ap«> xkt'v ActvXi*; iiyii." 
 
 Soph. CEd. Tyr. 
 

 
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CILERONEA. 
 
 " Ai/3*Ji*» 3s lyfiifcu Xui^titUf' ixxXuro ii J ■xi\i( ttvfi("Atnt to i^aict. Xxi^uttwi it (Vtif ivt 
 In tt %v?ct rpoxxix, a Vvuxtot xxi XfAAocc irTKffuv, Tx^ihor xxi or^oer/iv t*iv Mif^tdxTov KPxrtiexrrti' 
 1>iAixxo? 3l oi/x «>e^nKf» » Aftvrrcu Taxation* oi> y«'j ti Mok(JoVi» irrxtxi r^tirxix r.i titefcurftitci. 
 
 Pausan. IX. 40. 
 
 " Adjacent to the Lebadeans lie the Chaeroneans, whose capital was origi- 
 nally called Arne. In their territory are two trophies erected by Sylla and 
 the Romans after the defeat of Taxilus and the army of Mithridates. No 
 trophy was erected here by Philip the son of Amyntas, for it never was the 
 practice of the Macedonians to erect such monuments of their victories." — J. P. 
 
 EniTPAMMA 
 Esrl T015 Aiwxms s» Xxigvtux iriniir;, 
 
 " OJ Si irxr^Xf \iulx etyiT\exs, ii? 3?jii lima 
 OtXx, xxi xmirxXaiv i/ogiv xirttrxtdxext. 
 MajyaiiiKi o u^-.ttic xxi oufixras owe is-x&tg-xv 
 
 •frv%is, osAA' xtirtt KOitcr itttrt fyxGnr, 
 
 Ovvix.it EAAijrftiK, as ftn Qvyat cw^sn S'e'rns, 
 
 AovAocww? o-Tuysgot* aptyU lyjueit Uvptt. 
 
 riot d£ 7TXT^U lyf.t *oATO*S T«7f irkHTTX KXplOtTVt 
 
 ^aiuxr' t Ith SrnTotf Ex A/05 t\di xp^iertt;. 
 M«i«5v ««a^--i\ i<rri Stat, xxi Trxtrx xxrupit-jt , 
 Er /3iot? fiii^xt o 'ovti (fvyiit sxogev. 
 
 Demostii. de Cokon. 
 
 EPITAPH 
 
 on the Athenians who fell at Ch.ekonea. 
 
 " They girt their harness at their country's call 
 Upon their valiant breasts ; and when the foe 
 Of freedom triumphed, they received the blow, 
 
But spurned away the shame ; for so to fall 
 Was prouder victory, higher joy than all 
 
 That life prolonged in bondage could bestow ! 
 
 The grave was their reward ; though dark and low 
 They sleep, they share not in their country's thrall ; 
 Their country, whose maternal arms enfold 
 The urns, and guard the consecrated mould, 
 
 Of those that in her ranks so proudly fell ; 
 
 So heaven hath willed, and heaven wills all things well. 
 Jove's dread decree its even course must hold, 
 
 Nor may a mortal man the stroke of fate repel." 
 
 J. P. 
 
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THE TEMPLE OF THESEUS, 
 
 AT ATHENS 
 
 " I7jo« 3« rS yvpttxeriM &wm$ so~ri» /jgoV y^ccpxi h titri *-{of A^tet£o»«; A0n»aioi fiu%ipiiyof yj-/»a;r- 
 txi Ji xai » Kfurcevgair xai n Aasriflaiv fuiw 0»«u? (KS» ot/v b7T(xtow; io-Tir «5>; Ktvratf o» to?; 3e aAAa; 
 j| 1'0-ou Kcthrrmti rri » ^«^n' |»s» 01 ©>!="£»{ o-»*05 Atwxioi; iyinro w-tsjof >i MSJoi Majaflam i^x"> 
 Kiuuto; Tot/ MiArfaaou Sxt/^/ot/s icwintrrts «»«ffT«Toi/{, o/*n» 06 Toy ©ixriojf .9av«Tot/ xai ra icra ti- 
 uicrxtTtf sV AC>)>a{. P.MSAX. I. 18. 
 
 " Near the Gymnasium is the Temple of Theseus, which contains a represen- 
 tation of the war carried on by the Athenians against the Amazons, and like- 
 wise of the battle between the Centaurs and the Lapithae. Theseus has already 
 slain a Centaur, while, with regard to the other combatants, the contest still re- 
 mains undecided. This temple was built by the Athenians, after the occupation 
 of Marathon by the Medes, when Cimon, the son of Miltiades, having subdued 
 the Scyrians, took severe revenge on them for the slaughter of Theseus, and 
 transferred his bones to Athens. 1 ' J. P. 
 
 " Nullus Erechthidis fertur celebratior illo 
 Illuxisse dies. Agitant convivia patres 
 Et medium vulgus. Necnon et carmina, vino 
 Ingenium faciente, canunt tibi, maxime Theseu, 
 Consonat adsensu populi, precibusque faventum 
 Regia; nee tota tristis locus ullus in urbe est." 
 
 Ovid. Met. VII. 
 
 " O ! ne'er with deeper joy did Athens burn, 
 
 Than, Theseus, when she hailed thy proud return, 
 Laden with triumphs. People, princes, all. 
 With wine and song held common festival ; 
 With prayers the palace rang, and loud acclaim. 
 And sadness fled the streets before thy name." 
 
 J. P. 
 
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LEFSINA, THE ANCIENT ELEUSIS, 
 
 WITH THE SEA AND PART OF THE ISLAND OF SALAMIS. 
 
 M P« di Knpurro; Tftts 'EMvff7vt {Ztxtortpov yrxpi^ifiito^ tov t^ot^ov '^ivfAX' <h &{%eU9TtP9t t«f 
 EAAi»ai» rtMr'nt rnt 'Ekivruixt xxtrift, Inriex tf ivrioiixi fiKU, toitovt? tiy«» itrificTt^xt, »<rct kxi Suit 
 
 P VI SAN. I. 10. 
 
 " Eleusis is a town situated on the Cephisus, about the place where that 
 river begins to flow in a stream of greater power than before. The mysteries 
 celebrated at this town were considered by the more ancient Greeks as much 
 more venerable than all other acts of religious worship, as the gods are thought 
 superior to the heroes." 
 
 Vetabo, qui Cereris sacrum 
 
 Vulgarit arcana?, sub isdem 
 
 Sit trabibus, fragilemve mecum 
 Solvat phaselum." 
 
 Hok. Oi). III. 2. 
 
 " Let not the wretch, who dare unveil 
 
 The secrets of Eleusis 1 shrine, 
 
 Unfurl with me the doubtful sail, 
 
 Nor one roof shield his head and mine." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " A king sat on the lofty brow 
 
 That looks o'er sea-born Salamis ; 
 And ships by thousands lay below, 
 
 And men in nations — all were his ; 
 He counted them at break of day, 
 And when the sun set, where were they ?" 
 
 Byron. 
 
:- 
 
 
 
VIEW 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS THE GULF OF CORINTH, 
 
 A SHORT DISTANCE FROM SICYON, THE MOST ANCIENT KINGDOM IN GREECE. 
 
 " Ionium tegitur velis, ventique laborant 
 Tot curvare sinus ; servaturasque Corinthum 
 Prosequitur facili Neptunus gurgite classes ; 
 Et puer, Isthmiaci jampridem littoris exsul, 
 Secura repetit port us cum matre Palaemon. 11 
 
 Claudiax. IV. Coxs. Honoe. 
 
 " Far gleams the Ionian with a thousand sails, 
 To fill whose bosoms pant the labouring gales ; 
 Fleets that to Corinth's aid triumphant ride, 
 Followed by Neptune with a gentle tide ; 
 Again Palaemon safely, as before, 
 And Ino sport along the Isthmian shore. 11 
 
 J. P. 
 

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MOUNTAIN OF THE SOPRA CANINA, 
 
 GULF OF AVLONA, ANCIENT CHAONIA. 
 
 " Morn dawns, and with it stern Albania's hills, 
 
 Dark Sulli's rocks, and Pindus' inland peak, 
 
 Robed half in mist, bedewed with snowy rills, 
 
 Arrayed in many a dun and purple streak, 
 
 Arise, and, as the clouds along them break, 
 
 Disclose the dwelling of the mountaineer ; 
 
 Here roams the wolf, the vulture whets his beak, 
 
 Birds, beasts of prey, and wilder men appear, 
 And gathering storms around convulse the closing year." 
 
 Byron's Childe Harold. 
 
 Urbis conspectum montana cacumina velant, 
 Tranquillo praetenta mari. Ducentia portum 
 Cornua pacatas removent Aquilonibus undas ; 
 Hie exarmatum terris cingentibus aquor 
 Clauditur, et placidam discit servare quietem." 
 
 Claudian, Epig. LXXW 
 
 There lies a city, nestled "neath the steep 
 Of giant hills, that line the tranquil deep ; 
 Projecting thence, her arms the land extends, 
 And from the blast a lovely bay defends ; 
 So, safe in that embrace, the Ocean's breast 
 Sleeps, like a lake's, in deep unbroken rest." 
 
 J. P. 
 
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PLAIN OF MARATHON, 
 
 AND DISTANT VIEW OF EUBCEA. 
 
 " The mountains look on Marathon, 
 Anil Marathon looks on the sea; 
 And musing there an hour alone, 
 
 I dreamed that Greece might yet be free. 
 For, standing on the Persians' grave, 
 I could not deem myself a slave. 11 
 
 Byron. 
 
 " There is a dangerous stillness in that hour, 
 
 A stillness which leaves room for the full soul 
 To open all itself, without the power 
 
 Of calling wholly back its self-controul ; 
 The silver light which, hallowing tree and tower, 
 Sheds beauty and deep softness o'er the whole, 
 Breathes also to the heart, and o'er it throws 
 A soothing languor which is not repose. 11 
 
 Bykon. 
 
 'AAA' lux torn, iuK hrrit i-xti: ifix^mxxTi, «»?££? 'Afarxuii, ret v*-i£ ns; xkxitki iXtvltpxf xx. 
 e&TTjPixs xtiovioi upxunai, 'Ou, ux Tflu? if Mxgxttaii ■xeexftOvilvTxnxc Tut ir^oytHUi, xxt tovc in riA«- 
 rxtxt< irxi>XTx%Xft.t>ivs, xxi rcvi £» TxXxfiivi vxvftx%titrxrTXf, xxi tow; tfr ' AQTlftHruf, xxi TecXXcv; 
 
 WifiCVi TOVC If TOi; 011U.67i61s fX.1tiU.XTI Ki.Ui'.lv: XyX&OVi dvd^X;. CVi XTXtTXS CU.CIUS vt ToMt Tr,z XVTf.t 
 
 a\tU7Xa-x Tiftr,; lix^tr," &c. Dk.MosTHKX. 
 
 " But it cannot be, it cannot be, O Athenians, that ye acted wrong in peril- 
 ling your safety for the common freedom and salvation. No ! by your forefa- 
 thers who jeoparded their lives at Marathon ; by those who were marshalled on 
 the plains of Plataca, and the waters of Salamis ; by the heroes of Artemisium, 
 and all the other brave who sleep in public sepulchres, — it cannot be ! These all 
 received the same testimony of honour, a tomb from the hands of the state, 11 &c. 
 —J. P. 
 
 " The barrow of the Athenians is in the plain, and on it are pillars contain- 
 ing the names of the dead. There is another of the Plataeans and Slaves, and a 
 distinct monument of Miltiades the commander. 11 — Pausaxias. 
 

MOUNT VODIA, 
 
 ANCIENTLY MOUNT PANACHAICUS, ACHAIA. 
 
 The Plain of Patras appears in the view, and the pass to Tripolitza is seen 
 on the right. 
 

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TEMPLE OF APOLLO EPICURIUS, 
 
 ON MOUNT COTYLION IN ARCADIA 
 
 " Upon the mountain Cotylion, there is a place called Uassai, with the 
 Temple of Apollo Epicurius, the roof of which is of marble. This Temple is 
 more admired than any in the Peloponnesus, after that at Tegea, both on ac- 
 count of the beauty of its stone, and the harmony of its structure. The name 
 of Epicurius, or the Helper, was given to Apollo on account of the aid which 
 he afforded to the inhabitants in a pestilential malady. Ictinus, who lived in the 
 
 time of Pericles, and built the Parthenon, was the architect of this temple." 
 
 Pal- san. VIII. 41. 
 
 Vos Tempe totideni tollite laudibus, 
 Natalemque, mares, Delon Apollinis, 
 
 Insignemque pharetra 
 
 Fraternaquc humerum lyra. 
 Hie bellum lacrumosum et miscram fameni 
 Pestemque a populo — 
 
 Vestra motus aget prece." 
 
 Hon. Od. I. 21. 
 
 Extol Apollo's vale for ever ; 
 
 The island of his birth divine ; 
 The shoulder where his own bright quiver 
 
 And brother's lyre united shine ! 
 Extol the guardian-god who, moved 
 
 By youthful prayers, hath driven afar — 
 Far from the people that he loved — 
 
 Black plague, keen famine, tearful war ! 
 
 J. ] 
 
 " Huic parere dati, quos fertilis Amphigeneia 
 Planaque Messene, montanaque nutrit Ithoinc." 
 
 Stat. Tiier. IV. 
 
 " Beneath the banners of his high command 
 Marched rich Amphigcneia's warrior band, 
 With those who reaped Messene's fruitful plain, 
 
 And whom Ithome* nursed amidst her mountain-reign. 1 ' 
 
 J. P. 
 
 * The flat-topped mountain seen in the view. 
 

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REMAINS OF 
 AN ANCIENT TEMPLE AT CORINTH, 
 
 MOUNT CITHERON APPEARING IN THE DISTANCE. 
 
 " The ruin is probably of very remote antiquity, and a portion of a fabric 
 erected not only before the Greek city was destroyed, but before the Doric order 
 had attained to maturity. I suspect it to have been the Sisypheum mentioned by 
 Strabo."— Chandler, Vol. II. p. 270. 271. 
 
 " 'Tiro Si Tri Uutfiw to Zuri/^oov fori, iVo5 too? >i /3ct(rt\'u<iv MuxS Xibf mxtir/iirtv 2nt<ri^i>t 
 i^iixia ivx iXi'ycc — StRAB. \ III. 
 
 " Beneath the fountain Pirene, lies what has formerly been cither a temple or 
 a palace, termed the Sisypheum. It is built of white stone, and the ruins are of 
 considerable extent." — J. P. 
 
 " Corinth !- 
 
 Her name for Pallas' heavenly arts renown'd, 
 Spread like the foliage which her pillars crown'd ; 
 But now in fatal desolation laid, 
 Oblivion o'er it draws a dreadful shade." 
 
 Falconer. 
 
 " Out upon Time ! he will leave no more 
 Of the things to come than the things before ; 
 Out upon Time ! who for ever will leave 
 But enough of the past for the future to grieve !" 
 
 Byron's Siege of Corinth. 
 
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MOUNTAINS OF LOCRI OZOL.E, 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS NAL'P ACTUS FROM THE HEIGHTS ABOVE ROUMILIA, 
 
 GULPH OF CORINTH. 
 
 " Naupactus, the name of which is derived from the circumstance that there 
 the Heraclidas huilt the first ship for their expedition against the Peloponnesus, 
 originally belonged to the Locri Ozolae. Having afterwards fallen under the 
 power of the Athenians, it was bestowed by them on the Messenian refugees 
 who had been driven from the Peloponnesus by the Spartan conquest ; but after 
 the battle of .Egospotamus, was restored by the Lacedemonians to the Locri, 
 its original possessors." Pausan. IV. 
 
 Aox»«» V iytftitivi* 'Oi/Jo; T^i? Aim; 
 E'y^ui] S' ix-txtctrto n«»=AAn>«; y-xi 'A%cttovs, 
 0< Kvm t' hifiniro, tcxi ' Kvyitus Igxrutis 
 Bi)9vc(» TS, 0go««r Tf, Raxy^iov dupi giilfix." 
 
 Homer. Ii i mi. II. 
 
 Brave Ajax led the Locrian squadron on, 
 Ajax the less, Oileus' valiant son, 
 Skilled to direct the flying dart aright, 
 Swift in pursuit, and active in the fight; 
 Him, as their chief, the chosen troops attend, 
 Which Bessa, Thronius, and rich Cynos send, 
 And those who dwell where lovely Augia stands, 
 And where Boagrius floats the lowly lands." 
 
 Pope. 
 

MOUNT OLYMPUS. 
 
 ' "OtiXvpcxir, i' oil $*ri Suit V3»? ocr^«Ai< ««' 
 
 «_ •/ ■ » / / »/ «»»/>» 
 
 Euuiitt, o'jt etvifiotct TirctrrtTxtp ovri ttvi ou'o^oi 
 
 Att/STgi, oi/T! ^i«* ariitihoxrcu, aAAa ,««>,' «itf>£n 
 
 nj»T«T«i <t»ri^iArt, Afi/x* 3' sViJ;3^e<ii» iuyAii." 
 
 Homer. Odyss. VI. 
 
 On old Olympus' top, the deathless gods 
 (So sings tradition) hold their blest abodes ; 
 Unshaken by the blast its deep repose, 
 Unharmed by drenching rains or sprinkled snows, 
 It stands for aye with cloudless ether crown'd, 
 And with white-glancing sunlight girdled round." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " TlcXuSu^xf, iyctiitiQtf, £j>onpiiAAo$ "OAt/ft;r«s." 
 
 Homer. Iliad. 
 
 •' Olympus many-forked, snow-diademed, begirt 
 With billowy foliage."— J. P. 
 
 " Ut altus Olympi 
 Vertex, qui spatio ventos hyemesque relinquit, 
 Perpetuum nulla temeratus nube serenum, 
 Celsior exsurgit pluviis, auditque ruentes 
 Sub pedibus nimbos, et rauca tonitrua calcat ; 
 Sic patiens animus, per tanta negotia liber 
 Emergit similisque sui, justique tenorem 
 Flectere non odium cogit, non gratia suadet." 
 
 Claudian. de Theod. Consul. 
 
 Even as Olympus, with his summit shrin'd 
 
 In the blue ether, leaves the blast behind ; 
 
 Majestically calm, his awful form 
 
 He lifts above the rains ; he hears the storm 
 
 Beneath his feet rave impotently loud, 
 
 And tramples on the muttering thunder-cloud ; 
 
 So, mid the storms of life that compass thee, 
 
 Thy godlike mind, magnanimous and free, 
 
 Emerging tranquil, holds its high career, 
 
 By favour unseduced, unterrified by fear." 
 
 J. P 
 
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FOUNTAIN AT VOSTIZZA, 
 
 THE ANCIENT jEGIUM, 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS THE CRISSKAN SEA, AND MOUNTAINS 
 
 OF PHOCIS. 
 
 " Est nitidus, vitreoque magis perlucidus amni 
 
 Fons sacer, hunc multi numen habere putant ; 
 Quem supra ramos expandit aquatica lotos, 
 Una nemus ; tenero cespite terra viret. 
 Hie ego cum lassos posuissem fletibus artus, 
 Constitit ante oculos Naias una nieos.'" 
 
 Ovid. Ep. XV. 
 
 " There springs a fount, more pure than crystal stream, 
 The haunt of gods, as neighbouring rustics deem ; 
 Itself a grove, the lotos blooming round, 
 Shades with o'er-arching leaf the emerald ground ; 
 On that green couch my weary limbs I threw, 
 When, lo ! a Naiad stood before my view." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Separat Aonios Actxis Phocis ab arvis 
 Terra ferax. 
 
 Corycidas nymphas, et numina montis adorant, 
 Fatidicamque Themin, quae tunc oracla tenebat." 
 
 Ovid. Met. I. 
 
 " Between the Actaean and Aonian plain — 
 
 Fair region ! Phocis rears her mountain-chain ; 
 They, landed there, Corycian nymphs adore, 
 And mountain-gods that haunt the summits hoar, 
 And Themis, uttering thence her dim prophetic lore." 
 
 J. P. 
 
^ 
 
 E 
 
 M 
 
 --3 
 
 a 
 
MOUNT HELICON, 
 
 TAKEN NEAR THE ACROPOLIS OF DAULIS, IN PHOCIS. 
 
 " Nuntia votorum celeri jam fama volatu 
 Moverat Aoniis audito consule lucos ; 
 Concinuit felix Helicon, fluxitque Aganippe 
 Largior, et docti riserunt floribus amnes." 
 
 Claudian. de Theod. Coks. 
 
 " Swift through Aonian groves the tidings rang, 
 And Helicon with all his voices sang ; 
 Blest Aganippe rolled a fuller tide, 
 And brighter flowerets laughed along its side." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 -Cujus recinet jocosa 
 
 Nomen imago, 
 Aut in umbrosis Heliconis oris.'' 1 
 
 Horat. Od. III. 12. 
 
 " Whose honoured name does Clio order 
 Sweet Echo's voice to swell, 
 From out her airy cell, 
 
 On Helicon's umbrageous border ?'' 
 
 J. P 
 
 " Sola virum non ulta pie ma?stissima mater 
 Concinit Ismarium Daulias ales Itym." 
 
 Ovid. Er. XV. 
 
 " Yet mindful of her murdered son, 
 
 Her dire revenge, her cruel wrong, 
 The Daulian bird, unseen, alone, 
 
 Sad mother ! pours her soul in song !" 
 
 J. P. 
 
' 
 
 Us » 
 
 m a 
 
 a 
 
 l 
 
MOUNT CITELERON, 
 
 NEAR THE CITY OF THEBES, IN BCEOTIA. 
 
 " On such an eve his palest beam he cast, 
 
 When, Athens, here thy wisest looked his last. 
 How watched thy better sons his farewell ray, 
 That closed their murdered sage's latest day ! 
 Not yet — not yet — Sol pauses on the hill, 
 The precious hour of parting lingers still ; 
 But sad his light to agonizing eyes, 
 And dark the mountain's once delightful dyes : 
 Gloom o'er the lovely land he seemed to pour, 
 The land where Phoebus never frowned before ; 
 But ere he sank below Cithaeron's head, 
 The cup of woe was quaffed, the spirit fled ; 
 The soul of him who scorned to fear or fly, 
 Who lived and died as none can live or die." 
 
 Byron's Corsair, III. 
 
 On dim Cithaeron's ridge appears 
 
 The gleam of twice ten thousand spears." 
 
 Byron's Siege of Corinth. 
 
 " Qualis commotis excita sacris 
 
 Thyias, ubi audito stimulant triterica Baccho 
 Orgia, nocturnusque vocat clamore Cithseron." 
 
 Virg. jEn. IV. 
 
 As when the vintage god's enthusiast call 
 Rouses to frenzy each bold Bacchanal, 
 Tumultuous orgies wake the midnight sky, 
 And all Cithaeron's echoes shout reply." 
 
 J. P. 
 
89 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 
 
WEST FRONT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 TEMPLE OF MINERVA, ATHENS. 
 
 RESTORED BY G R. COCKERELL, ESQ. 
 
 This Temple was built during the administration of Pericles, who employed 
 Callicratcs and Ictinus as architects, under Phidias, to whom he committed the 
 direction of all works of elegance and magnificence *. 
 
 It has been celebrated by some of the most eminent writers of antiquity, whose 
 accounts are confirmed and illustrated in the descriptions given by those travel- 
 lers, who saw it almost entire in the last century. Even in its present state, the 
 spectator, on approaching it, will find himself not a little affected by so solemn 
 an appearance of ruined grandeur. Accustomed as we were to the ancient and 
 modern magnificence of Rome, and by what wc had heard and read, impressed 
 with an advantageous opinion of what we were to come to see, we found the 
 image our fancy had pre-conceived, greatly inferior to the real object. When 
 Sir George Wheeler and Dr Spon visited Athens, in the year 1676, this Temple 
 was entire, and the former has given the following description of it : — 
 
 " The portico beareth up a front and frieze round about the Temple, charged 
 " with historical figures of admirable beauty and work. The figures of the front, 
 " which the ancients called the eagle, appear, though from that height, of the 
 " natural bigness ; being in entire rebevo, and wonderfully well carved. Pau- 
 " sanias saith no more of them, than that they concern the birth of the goddess 
 " Minerva. What I observed, and remembered of them, is this : — 
 
 " There is a figure that stands in the middle of it, having its right arm 
 " broken, which probably held the thunder. Its legs are separated at some dis- 
 " tance from each other, where, without doubt, was placed the eagle : for its 
 " beard, and the majesty which the sculptor hath expressed in his countenance, 
 " although those usual characters be wanting here, do sufficiently shew it to 
 " have been made for Jupiter. He stands naked, for so he was usually repre- 
 " sented, especially by the Greeks. At his right hand is another figure, with its 
 
 • Plutarch's Life of Pericles. 
 
* hands and arms broken off, covered half way, the legs in a posture as coming 
 M towards Jupiter ; which perhaps was a Victory, leading the horses of the 
 " triumphant chariot of Minerva, which follows it. The horses are made with 
 " such great art, that the sculptor seems to have outdone himself, by giving 
 " them a more than seeming life, such a vigour is expressed in each posture of 
 " their prancing and stamping, natural to generous horses. Minerva is next re- 
 " presented in the chariot, rather as the goddess of learning than of war, with- 
 •* out helmet, buckler, or a Medusa's head, on her breast. Next behind her, is 
 " another figure of a woman sitting, with her head broken off : who it was is 
 " not certain. But my companion made me observe the next two figures, sitting 
 " in the corner, to be of the Emperor Adrian and his Empress Sabina, whom I 
 " easily knew to be so, by the many medals and statues I have seen of them. 
 
 " At the left hand of Jupiter, are five or six other figures. My companion 
 " taketh them to be an Assembly of the Gods, where Jupiter introduceth Mi- 
 " nerva, and owneth her for his daughter. The hind-front* was adorned with 
 " figures, expressing Minerva's contest with Neptune, about naming the city of 
 " Athens. The architrave is also charged with a basso-relievo, at several dis- 
 " tances, divided into squares of about two or three feet broad, and three or 
 " four feet high. Within the portico on high, and on the outside of the cella of 
 " the Temple itself, is another basso-relievo round about it, of admirable work ; 
 " but not so high a relievo as the other, Thereon are represented sacrifices, 
 " processions, and other ceremonies of the heathen worship •f." 
 
 Stewart's Antiquities of Athens. 
 
 • See the restoration of the east front, restored by Mr Cockerel], No. 1. of thi3 work. 
 T The ingenious Mr Henning has modelled, on a small scale, a beautiful restoration of this frieze,, 
 well deserving a place in the cabinets of persons of taste. 
 

 m 
 
 : I 
 
 & S 
 
 g» g 
 
GENERAL VIEW 
 
 OF 
 
 THE CORINTHIAN SHORE, 
 
 AS SEEN FROM A HEIGHT APPROACHING VOSTIZZA, THE ANCIENT JJGIUM. 
 
 Say, memory, thou from whose unerring tongue 
 
 Instructive flows the animated song ! 
 
 What regions now the flying ship surround ? 
 
 Regions of old through all the world renown'd ; 
 
 That, once the poet's theme, the muse's boast, 
 
 Now lie in ruins, in oblivion lost. 
 
 Did they whose sad distress these lays deplore, 
 
 Unconscious pass this famous circling shore ?" 
 
 Falconer. 
 
 'A<p*uc* T6 Ko£/»0ov, Ivr.Tlu'.vct', n KMotccf. 
 'Opviiczs t' £V^*0>TO, Apxt6v£ir,v T :?C.7-l-J..1, 
 K«( XtxvSt' '<>$' a^" Ao^mroi ttput tfttxviteutr, 
 nsAA<i'i>i» t uy,oi, xxi ' Aiy/ov x/&$ltifi<»T6 
 WiyixXcv T aix "ttxitx." 
 
 Homer. Iliad. II. 
 
 He drew his hosts from Corinth's wealthy halls, 
 Orneia, and Cleonae's rock-built walls ; 
 From Sicyon, — palace of the ancient reign 
 Of brave Adrastus ; from fair Thyria's plain, 
 From .lEgium's, from Fellene's gates they pour, 
 And every nook of that deep-winding shore. 
 
 J. P. 
 
A 
 
 3 
 
PROMONTORY OF SUNIUM, 
 
 FROM THE SEA. 
 
 Homer. Odvss. III. 
 
 " At length to Sunium's sacred point we came, 
 Crown'd with the temple of the Athenian dame." 
 
 Pope. 
 
 " Toy kvTtv yi ttat fiiibXu, xxi Zivtiot, <uc{o» Ad^ri* 
 Kxi rets ogvi ToW fAiyctXa^. 
 
 Aristoph. Nub. 
 
 " Jove aims his thunder at the high, nor spares 
 His own proud fane, nor Sunium's beacon-cliff, 
 Bulwark of Athens, nor the mighty oaks." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Fair clime ! where every season smiles 
 Benignant o'er those blessed isles, 
 Which, seen from far Colonna"s height, 
 Make glad the heart that hails the sight, 
 And lend to loneliness delight. 
 There, mildly dimpling, Ocean's cheek 
 Reflects the tints of many a peak, 
 Caught by the laughing tides that lave 
 These Edens of the western wave." 
 
 Byron's Giaour. 
 

 
 © 
 
 
CRISSA, ON MOUNT PARNASSUS, 
 
 LOOKING UP THE VALE OF SALONA, THE ANCIENT AMPIHSSA. 
 
 TIvQqJVCC T6 TPiTfiYllVVBCI, 
 
 Homer. Iliad. II. 
 Python the rocky, Crissa the divine. 
 
 " Phocaicas Amphissa manus, scopulosaque Cyrrha 
 Parnassusque jugo misit desertus utroque." 
 
 Ldcan. Phars. III. 
 
 " From either peak Parnassus s weird the host, 
 Amphissa's vale, and Cyrrha's rocky coast." 
 
 J. P. 
 

 
 
 
CARDAMOULA, 
 
 THE ANCIENT CARDAMYLE • IN PELOPONNESUS, GULF OF CORON, SITUATED 
 AT THE FOOT OF THE RANGE OF MOUNT TAYGETI IB 
 
 " Behind the town is a small rocky eminence, on whose summit are a few 
 vestiges of the ancient Acropolis of Cardamyle. Just enough remains to jx>int 
 out the situation ; the rock itself is split by a deep chasm, ascribed by tradition 
 to an earthquake. Below the Acropolis are several caves, and the remains of 
 ancient sepulchres." 
 
 " Taygetique phalanx, et oliviferi Eurotae 
 
 Dura manus. Deus ipse viros in pulvere crudo 
 Areas alit ; nuda?que modos virtutis, et iras 
 Ingenerat : vigor inde animis, et mortis honoraj 
 Dulce sacrum ; gaudent natorum in fata parentes, 
 Hortanturque mori ; deflet jamque omnis ephebum 
 Turba, coronato contenta est funere mater." 
 
 Stat. Theb. 
 
 " Next of Taygetus the warrior ranks 
 
 Advance from olive-crowned Eurotas'' banks ; 
 Where, nursed to valour by the Arcadian god, 
 A hardy people have their proud abode ; 
 And daily draw, from use of martial arts, 
 Strength to their arms, and courage to their hearts. 
 Sires lead their children to the battle plain, 
 And bid them earn the honours of the slain ; 
 They, at the word, to arms exulting fly, 
 As 'twere a sweet and sacred thing to die. 
 And even the mother, while the youthful dead 
 Is wept by thousands, proudly lifts her head ; 
 And, for he lies upon a laurelled bier, 
 Beholds his gory corse without a tear." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 * A city as ancient as the days of Homer. It was taken by Augustus from th« Messenians, and 
 annexed to the dominion of Sparta. 
 

 
DELPHI. 
 
 " Tft K T» (!£«» Mtiam vrrti l» 3«J<* ms o3«u T» i3»ij t«; Kxttx>.ix;, kxj tiii» ij?!/ urx Tx xvtx h 
 TJ| -roAli T>) «AA>| xa< a <l£»{ *-!{iooto; tou ATjAAMros' Juto; 3j fityiiu ftlyxt, *xi xiutxtu t»» Kariof 
 »<mr.". PaUSAN. X. 
 
 " As you ascend towards the temple, you observe, on the right of the path, the 
 fountain of Castalia, of which the water is sweet even to the palate. Higher 
 up the mountain than the town, is the sacred inclosure of Apollo, which is of 
 great extent, and almost equal to the rest of the city." 
 
 " Parnassia rupes 
 Hinc atque hinc patula pracpandit cornua fronte, 
 Castaliaeque sonans liquido pede labctur unda." 
 
 Virgil. Calex. 
 
 " On either side sublime 
 Broad-browed Parnassus rears his horned hill ; 
 
 And with soft tinkling chime, 
 And liquid foot, glides on Castalia's rill." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 Delphi was the chief and most illustrious city in Phocis. Its sanctity was 
 deduced through a long succession of ages, from a period involved in fable and 
 obscurity. The influence of its god has controlled the councils of states, di- 
 rected the course of armies, and decided the fate of kingdoms. The ancient 
 history of Greece is full of energy, and an early register of his authority. The 
 city was seated on a high rock, with the oracle above it ; and was in circuit 
 sixteen stadia, or two miles. The natural strength of the place excited ad- 
 miration as much as the majesty of the God. The Temple of Apollo is de- 
 scribed by Pausanias. The pediments were adorned with Diana, and Apollo, 
 and the Muses; the setting of Phoebus, or the sun; with Bacchus, and the 
 women called Thyades. The architraves were decorated with golden armour, 
 bucklers suspended by the Athenians after the battle of Marathon, and shields 
 taken from the Gauls under Brennus. In the portico were inscribed the cele- 
 brated maxims of the seven sages of Greece. There was an image of Homer, 
 and in the cell was an altar of Neptune, with statues of the Fates, and of Jupi- 
 ter and Apollo, who were surnamed Leaders of the Fates. Near the hearth 
 before the altar at which Neoptolemus, the son of Achilles, was slain by a 
 priest, stood the iron chair of Pindar. In the sanctuary was an image of A- 
 pollo gilded. The inclosure was of great extent, and filled with treasuries, in 
 which many cities had consecrated tenths of spoil taken in war, and with the 
 
public donations of renowned states in various ages. It was the grand reposi- 
 tory of ancient Greece, in which the labours of the sculptor and statuary, gods, 
 heroes, and illustrious persons, were seen collected and arranged ; the inequa- 
 lities of the area, or acchvity, contributing to a full display of the noble as- 
 semblage. 
 
 " The sacred oracle of Phoebus there, 
 High o'er the mount arose, divinely fair ! 
 Achaian marble form'd the gorgeous pile : 
 August the fabric ! elegant the style ! 
 On brazen hinges turn'd the silver doors ; 
 And chequer'd marble pav'd the polish'd floors. 
 The roofs, where story'd tablature appear'd, 
 On columns of Corinthian mould were rear'd : 
 On shining porphyry the shafts were fram'd, 
 And round the hollow dome bright jewels flam'd. 
 Apollo's suppliant priests, a blameless train ! 
 Fram'd their oblations on the holy fane. 
 To front the sun's declining ray 'twas plac'd ; 
 With golden harps and living laurels grac'd. 
 The sciences and arts around the shrine 
 Conspicuous shone, engrav'd by hands divine ! 
 Here iEsculapius' snake display'd its crest, 
 And burning glories sparkled on his breast ; 
 While from his eye's insufferable light, 
 Disease and Death recoil'd in headlong flight. 
 Of this great temple, through all time renown'd, 
 Sunk in oblivion, no remains are found." 
 
 Falconer. 
 
 " The parted bosom clings to wonted home, 
 
 If aught that's kindred cheer the welcome hearth ; 
 He that is lonely, hither let him roam, 
 And gaze complacent on congenial earth. 
 Greece is no lightsome land of social mirth ; 
 But he whom sadness sootheth may abide, 
 And scarce regret the region of his birth, 
 When wandering slow by Delphi's sacred side, 
 Or gazing o'er the plains where Greek and Persian died." 
 
 Childe Harold. 
 
j i' R..C dlrrrcIl.Esq r 
 
 Eagrawi "by "HE Mflla 
 
 THE APfiTTnP.FrT SPARTA - 
 
 ■ ■■ ■■■, . ■-.-■■ .,.■.. ",... ■ ■ t ■ ■,- i t ■■ ■ . .■. ■ i ,: ■' ■: i I ..- ..■ >, i 
 
 . /y. .#&£«* 
 
PART OF MISITRA* 
 
 THE ANCIENT SPARTA. 
 
 " Patiens Lacedaemon." 
 
 Hob. Od. I. 7. 
 
 " Proud Lacedaemon, in endurance strong.' 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Et modo Taygeti, crines adspersa pruina, 
 Sectatur patrios per juga longa canes." 
 
 Pbopert. III. 14. 
 
 " Full oft, amidst thy wilderness of rocks, 
 Taygetus, — with frost-besprinkled locks, 
 The daughters of that high heroic race 
 Follow their country's beagles in the chase." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 • Looking towards the situation which was formerly the seat of government of John Palsologos 
 Prince of the Morea. 
 

MOUNTAIN SCENERY IN ALBANIA, 
 
 NEAR THE GULF OF All. ON, LOOKING TOWARDS ANTIGONEA. 
 
 " Land of Albania ! where Iskander rose, 
 Theme of the young, and beacon of the wise, 
 And he, his name-sake, whose oft-baffled foes 
 Shrunk from his deeds of chivalrous emprize : 
 Land of Albania ! let me bend mine eyes 
 On thee, thou rugged nurse of savage men ! 
 The cross descends, thy minarets arise, 
 And the pale crescent sparkles in the glen, 
 Through many a cypress grove within each city's ken."' 
 
 Byrok. 
 
 " Bear witness, Greece, thy living page, — 
 Attest it many a deathless age ! 
 While kings, in dusky darkness hid. 
 Have left a nameless pyramid, 
 Thy heroes, though the general doom 
 Hath swept the column from their tomb, 
 A mightier monument command, 
 The mountains of their native land !" 
 
 Iu. 
 
 " The sun's last rays are on the hill, 
 And sparkle in the fountain rill, 
 Whose welcome waters, cool and clear, 
 Draw blessings from the mountaineer : 
 Here may the loitering merchant Greek, 
 Find that repose 'twere vain to seek 
 In cities lodged too near his lord, 
 And trembling for his secret hoard." 
 
 " Dusky and huge, enlarging on the sight, 
 Nature's volcanic amphitheatre, 
 Chimaera's Alps extend from left to right." 
 
 In. 
 
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THE PLAIN OF CILERONEA. 
 
 Xxtpvmx 3' iSTir O»^ofti>ov TvXnyier, ixov <J>iA<jr5ro? » Auvmu u.iyx>.w, imhtx; rate Atntxuvf, 
 Ti xxi BoitiTav;, xxi Ka^nfJou;, kxtztt/i rr,; 'EXXxoof itvjio? oukivtxi o< xxrrxvfx tx$ti rut Tintrn 
 
 3iiK«r(*. Strab. IX. 
 
 " Not far from Orchoraenus is Chaeronea, where Philip, the son of Amyntas, 
 liaving vanquished the Athenians, Boeotians, and Corinthians, in a great battle, 
 became supreme ruler of Greece, and where is still pointed out the tomb, erect- 
 ed by the commonwealth to the memory of those who fell." 
 
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VIEW 
 
 LOOKING ACROSS THE ISTHMUS OF CORINTH. 
 
 'IfjOF O/tfor, x«A/» A^(o3itii;. 
 
 Eueip. ap. Stuab. VIII. 
 
 " I have left the famous shores 
 Where the double ocean roars ; 
 From Corinth' holy hill I come, 
 Mountainous Corinth, Cytherea's home." 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Qualiter undas 
 Qui secat, et geminum gracilis mare scparat Isthmus, 
 Nee patitur conferre fretum ; si terra recedat, 
 Ionium Aegaeo frangat mare." 
 
 Lucax. Phaks. 100. 
 
 " A narrow earth-built isthmus proudly braves 
 
 The jEgean here, and there the Ionian waves ; 
 
 But, should it sink, with wild tempestuous gush 
 
 To conflict these imperious tides would rush." 
 
 J. P. 
 

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ATHENS RESTORED. 
 
 X$otx nxXhxdw, ivxiopa? yxt 
 
 KlKftTtf e^-UttXt *-»Al»|{«T»F, 
 
 MvTToootce; tfeue; 
 'E> tiAitojj «-/<*<; aio^i/xn/rou, 
 'Ovjanaij te .9e«i{ ov^nfixrx, 
 N«oi y t^lgi^si; *«< xyxhuMTct, 
 
 KXi X^OO-oJlJI UXKX^WI ll^OITXTXI, 
 
 'EvmQxrei ti St** 
 Ovn» ti, S'aAiai ti 
 HxiTooxTxiru tr aipxtf' 
 
 'EiwetAaanx ti yfpaiv ifiiitrftxtx, 
 K«H Mevtrx ,3aji/ojo,«o5 xvhur.' 
 
 AnisTOPH. Nub. 298. 
 
 " Nymphs of the rain ! 
 
 Let us visit again 
 The city by Pallas beloved, the home, 
 The populous home, of choicest delights ; 
 
 Where for the appointed secret rites, 
 From year to year the mystic dome 
 Duly unfolds its hallowed portals ; 
 
 And gifts arc there to the powers divine, 
 
 And many a statue and lofty shrine, 
 And pomps for all the blessed immortals. 
 
 Banquet and wreathy sacrifice, 
 
 Hallow each season as it flies ; 
 And ever at the voice of spring, 
 
 Bacchus his mirthful grace renews ; 
 Sweet choirs in strife melodious sing, 
 And all the festive echoes ring 
 
 With thunders of the scenic muse." 
 
 J. P 
 
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CITY AND CASTLE OF LIVADIA, 
 
 THE ANCIENT LEBADEA, IN BQEOTIA, 
 
 LOOKING TOWARDS THE PLAIN OF ORCHOMENOS, LAKE COPAIS, AND MOUNTAINS 
 
 OF EUBOZA. 
 
 " The city of Lebadea lies adjacent to the territory of the Orchomenians, 
 and consists of two distinct towns, one upon the hill, and the other on the plain. 
 The former constituted the original city, and was at first called Midea, after 
 the mother of Aspledon." Pausan. IX. 
 
 " Aptior armentis Midee, pecorosaque Phillos.'" 
 
 Stat. Theb. IV. 
 
 " Et valles Lebadea tuas, et Hyampolin acri 
 Submissam scopulo." 
 
 Id. VII. 
 
 Midea in herds, and Phillos rich in flocks, 
 The Lebadean vales, and rugged rocks 
 That shade Hyampolis. 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " 'Ou3' ir' 'i? '0£%efiticr x6ti>iV«t«<. 
 
 Homer. Iliad. IX. 
 
 " Not all the golden tides of wealth that crown 
 The many-peopled Orchomenian town." 
 
 Pope. 
 
 " *0( T 'AnrXri&itx tciitt, id' O^X'P-'" MitUitt. 
 
 Hosier. Iliad. II. 
 
 " To these succeed Aspledon's martial train, 
 Who plough the spacious Orchomenian plain." 
 
 Pope. 
 
*=, 
 
 if. 
 
NEMEA. 
 
 " There is a temple of Ncmean Jupiter in this place well worthy of inspection, 
 though the roof of it has fallen off, and no statue is left. About the temple 
 there is a grove of cypresses ; and they report, that Opheltes, being placed ben 
 on the grass by his nurse, was destroyed by a dragon. The Argives sacrifice 
 to Jupiter in Nemea, and choose a priest for Neniean Jupiter. They propose, 
 besides this, a contest of the course to armed men, which is celebrated in the 
 winter. The sepulchre of Opheltes too is in this place, about which there is an 
 inclosure of stones; and there are certain altars within tin- inclosure. There is 
 also a tomb raised from turf, of Lycurgus the father of Opheltes. The foun- 
 tain Adrastia is so called, because Adrastus discovered it, or for some other rea- 
 son. The region, it is said, was denominated from Nemea, the daughter of Asc~ 
 pus. Above Nemea, the mountain Apesas presents itself to the view, in which 
 they report Perseus first sacrificed to Jupiter Apesantius." 
 
 Paus. Vol. I. 176, 177. 
 
 " Nemea is more characterised by gloom than most of the places I have seen. 
 The splendour of religious pomp, and the busy animation of Gymnastic and 
 Equestrian exercises, have been succeeded by the dreary vacancy of a death- 
 like solitude." 
 
 " Ilium nee calido latravit Sirius astro, 
 Nee gravis aspexit Nemees frondentis alumnus." 
 
 Stat. Silv. I. 3. 
 
 " Him neither Sirius, with his sultry sign. 
 Nor leafy Nemea's nursling, smote malign. 
 
 J. P. 
 
 " Tu nubigenas, invicte, bimembres 
 
 Hylasumque Pholumque manu, tu Cressia mactas 
 Prodigia, et vastum Nemeae sub rupe Conem." 
 
 Vibg. Ms. Mil. 
 
 " The cloud-born monsters of the double form, 
 Thee, hero, felt, and thy resistless arm ; 
 The Cretan portents sank beneath its shock, 
 And that dread lion, couched 'neath Nemea's rock." 
 
 J. P. 
 

ARGOS. 
 
 An ancient city, capital of Argolis in Peloponnesus, about two miles from 
 the sea, on the bay called Argolicus Sinus. Juno was the chief deity of the 
 place. The kingdom of Argos was founded by Inachus 185G years before the 
 Christian era, and after it had flourished for about 550 years, it was united to 
 the crown of Mycenae. Argos was built, according to Euripides, Iphig. in 
 Aulid. v. 152, 534, by seven Cyclops who came from Syria. These Cycli>[>- 
 were not Vulcan's workmen. The nine first kings of Argos were called Inachides, 
 in honour of the founder. Their names were Inachus, Phoroneus, Apis, Argus, 
 Chryasus, Phorbas, Triopas, Stelonus, and Gelanor. Gelanor gave a kind re- 
 ception to Danaus, who drove him from his kingdom in return for his hospita- 
 lity. The descendants of Danaus were called Belides. Agamemnon was kinj: 
 of Argos during the Trojan war ; and 80 years after, the Heraclidae seized the 
 Peloponnesus, and deposed the monarclis. The inhabitants of Argos were 
 called Argivi and Argolici ; and this name has been often applied to all the 
 Greeks without distinction. 
 
 " T« yxg 7rx>.xn> Agy6$, cv tfoQu;, Teoi t 
 
 TlJS ClFTgOTXtiyOS x\70; 'li&xfv XO^I);. 
 
 'Autti J" 'O^ttrrx, rev hvx.ex.Tttm Qiou 
 ^Ayepx Avkho; ev\ xtitmpx^ o eoi 
 ' Hf>x; o xXuvos vxo', el o iKXvou-v, 
 tyxrxut Mvxntxf rxf TCeXvy^virev; efxi 
 X\ehv$tetei n it/fix I\i>.eiriouj to«=. ' 
 
 Sophocl. Electr. 4. 
 
 " Lo ! this is ancient Argos — this the city 
 
 Which thou hast sought so long ; the wooded haunt 
 Of Inachus' sad daughter, whence she fled 
 Chased by the avenging gad-fly. This, Orestes, 
 This is the street of the Lycean god, 
 The wolf-destroyer. There upon the left 
 Is Juno's famous temple. Where we stand 
 Thou mayest behold Mycenae's palaces, 
 Splendid with gold. It is indeed the home 
 Of the dark-destinied Pelopida?." 
 
 J. P. 
 
Eogra-raa ljIBI" Foi 
 
 3-3MKEI.A.K E.ASST1© SCAB'S, 
 
 PithlCshad 7y L"7iam>'n /iW.r, .f- /'" Z. --.•-/.■/;. m.i'-.i. lam Blade, Edinburgh ..''-' .'-'. 
 
 . 
 
GRECIAN LANDSCAPE. 
 
 " Where'er we gaze, around, above, below, 
 
 What rainbow tints, what magic charms are found ! 
 Rock, river, forest, mountain, all abound, 
 And bluest skies that harmonize the whole ! 
 Beneath, the distant torrent's rushing sound 
 Tells where the volumed cataract doth roll, 
 
 Between those hanging rocks, that shock yet please the soul.' 
 
 " Here in the sultriest season let him rest, 
 
 Fresh is the green beneath those aged trees ; 
 
 Here winds of gentlest wing will fan his breast, 
 
 From Heaven itself he may inhale the breeze : 
 
 The plain is far beneath — Oh ! let him seize 
 
 Pure pleasure while he can ; the scorching ray 
 
 Here pierceth not, impregnate with disease ; 
 Then let his length the loitering pilgrim lay, 
 And gaze, untired, the morn, the noon, the eve away." 
 
 Childe Harold. 
 
* 
 
" He who hath benl him o'ei the (had 
 
 Ere the first day of death is fled, 
 
 The first dark day of nothingness, 
 
 The last of danger and distress, 
 
 (Before Decay's effacing fingers 
 
 Have swept the lines where beauty lingei I, ) 
 
 And marked the mild angelic air, 
 
 The rapture of repose that's there, 
 
 The fixed yet tender traits that streak 
 
 The languor of the placid cheek, 
 
 That fires not, wins not, weeps not, now, 
 And but for that chill changeless brow, 
 
 Where cold Obstruction's apathy 
 
 Appals the gazing mourner's heart, 
 
 As if to him it could impart 
 
 The doom he dreads, yet dwells upon ; 
 
 Yes, but for these and these alone, 
 
 Some moments, ay, one treacherous hour. 
 
 He still might doubt the tyrant's power ; 
 
 So fair, so calm, so softly sealed, 
 
 The first, last look by death revealed ! 
 
 Such is the aspect of this shore ; 
 
 'Tis Greece, but living Greece no more ! 
 
 So coldly sweet, so deadly fair, 
 
 We start, for soul is wanting there. 
 
 Hers is the loveliness in death, 
 
 That parts not quite with parting breath ; 
 
 But beauty with that fearful bloom, 
 
 That hue which haunts it to the tomb, 
 
 Expression's last receding ray, 
 
 A gilded halo hovering round decay, 
 
 The farewell beam of Feeling past away ! 
 Spark of that flame, perchance of heavenly birth, 
 Which gleams, but warms no more its cherished earth ! 
 
 Clime of the unforgotten brave! 
 Whose land from plain to mountain-cave 
 Was Freedom's home or Glory's grave ; 
 Shrine of the mighty ! can it be, 
 That this is all remains of thee ?" 
 
 Bykov. 
 
I cannot take leave of this Work, without repeating my acknowledgements 
 to the gentlemen, to whose assistance I have been indebted in the course of the 
 execution of it. In a more especial manner, must I express the very great ob- 
 ligations which I owe to Me Cockerell and Mr Patterson ; to the former, 
 for the inimitable beauty and accuracy of the sketches which he has furnished 
 for many of the Engravings, and to the latter, for the masterly manner in which 
 he has assisted me with apposite quotations and original translations for the 
 subjects.