Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Getty Research Institute c \\ https://archive.org/details/descriptivecatalOOwest ; FICTILE IVORY CASTS IN THE SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM. 30670. SCIENCE AND ART DEPARTMENT OF THE COMMITTEE OF COUNCIL ON EDUCATION, SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM. A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE F I C T I I. E IVORIES IN THE SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM. With an Account of the Continental Collections of Clajftcal and Medieval Ivories. 3Y J. O. WESTWOOD, M.A., F.L.S., HON. M. ROY. IRISH ACAD., PRESIDENT OF J HE OXFORD ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY, ETC. I . O N D O N ; PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTIS WO O DE, PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN’S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. AND SOLD BY CHAPMAN & HALL, AGENTS TO THE DEPARTMENT FOR THE SALE OF EXAMPLES, 193, PICCADILLY, LONDON- 1876. ’;'‘-'‘-^".vvM' : wgE^i ■ ■ Vi .\:/.. f'vV' '. -I' ■/■i n .1 -! • .1 * r> >r ' '' r \ r ^. j ^ ‘*V'» o > ?> : .■ ■ ■' .' -f -: .* ■^r . .-J i- ^ • >>:V,Wl i»>u w . .1 ■•'.,/ ::.M •^■'■'^ -■ ■• •'• i\. ■■^} ff'.^^.-Jf i*. ;*«») fv'p - ' ' f : ' ,’ '' . .T •>»- * Jv.»T.i ,. r •:U ;.- - /•;;• '';.r ■ '^K'^ -■ • .••.,:;i;;- /T,, ,, -■ ^ • , iwi •'.. vv .i'ii; ,^- ,”!< . ,.£■ rv_ ', c ^' k ^'‘'' ''^‘i*''^ • ' >- '■y*:- ■•“i 7 ' ;■ ■ j .' h ; / * ’% f ' ” - - ijr pSkv: r • '.-i ' ^ ' " ■,.•/. .:"; 4 . . '■ vi ^- .., u - V; .. V?-*. •- ?“; _. . ■•.- .' 7 , Mti. ^-.fM .- CONTENTS. List of Photographs ------ List of Woodcuts ------ Preface Catalogue of Fictile Ivories : Sedlion I. Claffical Ivories - - . ^ „ II. Early Chriftian Ivories, chiefly Italian - „ III. Byzantine and Ruflb-Greek Ivories „ IV. Carlovingian Ivories - - - - „ V. Pre" Gothic and Rhenifh (Romanefque) Ivories - „ VI. Gothic Ivories - - - - - ,, VII. Special objedls. — Calkets, Statuettes, Paftoral Staves, Pyxes, Paxes, Horns, Chefs and Draughts- men, Mirror Cafes, Combs - - - Supplemental Ivories - - - - - Appendix. — Ivories in Continental Museums and Collections : Italy ------- France ------- Germany and Auftria - - - _ - Holland Belgium ------- Switzerland ------ Denmark ------- Spain ------- RulTia ------- Addenda ------- Index of Numbers ------ Index of Museums and other Collections containing Medi^^ival Ivories ------- Index of Subjects ------ Page vii viii ix-xvi 1-29 30-62 63-101 102-132 133-174 175-218 219-318 335-340 341-382 383-430 431-471 477. 478 479-484 485-487 488,489 490 491 492-496 497-506 507-514 5 > 5-537 a 3 LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS. To face I. ^fculapius and Hygeia (p. 5 ) j lower part of a confular diptych, page Games in the Circus (p. 21) - - - - 5 II. Plaque of the Ravenna Chair (Jofeph fold by his Brethren) - 31 III. Front of the Brefcia calket ----- 36 IV. Scenes of the Palfion _ _ - _ - 44 V. Leaf of diptych, fcenes of life of St. Paul - _ _ 48 VI. Front of book cover (Bodleian Library) - - - 55 VII. Back of cover of pfalter of Princefs Melifenda ; acts of Mercy - 73 VIII. Byzantine panel ; Death of the Virgin - - - 82 IX. Ruffo-Greek panagia - - - - - 99 X. Ruflo-Byzantine tablet ; Glorification of the Virgin - - 101 XL Back of a book cover; St. Gall and the Virgin - - 120 XIL Plaques; Chrift and His Mother; Chrift and the Adulterefs - 142 XIII. Part of a book cover ; Chrift feated in glory - - - 148 XIV. Crofs of the Princefs Gunhilda - - - - I 52 XV. Plaque; Birth of Chrift - - - - - i 58 XVI. Tablet ; St. Paul - - - - - - 163 XVII. Plaque of a book cover ; the Crucifixion - - - i 65 XVIII. Part of Italian Retable ; the Baptilm of Chrift - - 206 XIX. Back of a calket ; the Nativity and Prefentation in the Temple 231 XX. The Quedlinburg calket ; the top - - - - 2 ^^ XXL Semi-ftatuette ; the Virgin and Child - - - 258 XXII. Cylindrical pyx ; Chrift and His Difciples . - - zjz XXIII. Cemb of St. Herebert of Cologne - - - - 31 5 XXIV. Plaque ; Diana and her Nymphs - - _ . ^zg Printed by the Permanent Printing Company {Woodbury Procefs). a 4 LIST OF WOO DCJJT S. Page The great Sarcophagus of the Mufeum of St. John Lateran, Rome - - xvi Second leaf of the Confular Diptych of Probianus, in the Royal Library, Berl'n - 13 Firft leaf of the Confular Diptych in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin - - -17 Firft leaf of the Diptych of Rambona, in the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican - 56 Plaque j the Emprefs Helena receiving the Holy Relics. (Treafury of the Cathedral of Treves) - 64 Plaque j Chrift curing the Demoniac. (Royal Mufeum, Darmftadt) - - 141 The fo-called Chair of St. Peter, in St. Peter’s, Rome - - . 3^1 Statuettes of the Good Shepherd, in the Mufeum of St. John Lateran, Rome - 402 Centre part of plaque in the Public Library at Frankfurt - - - - 448 PREFACE. objecfl of this volume is twofold : firftly, to 7Q defcriptions of the colledtion of fidlile ivories, mbering nearly a thoufand, in the South Ken- gton Mufeum ; and, fecondly, to give an account of the Continental colledtions of clafTical and mediaeval ivories, in order to diredl attention to the fpecimens of which it would be defirable to obtain fidlile copies for the Mufeum. Firft. The value of a colledlion of fidile mediaeval ivories can hardly be over ftated, as affording examples of art work during many centuries in which we are deftitute of fculptured and to a great extent alfo of analogous pidorial reprefentations : efpecially is this the cafe with the very numerous examples, ranging from the claflical period to the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The admirable memoir by Sir Digby Wyatt on ivory carvings delivered at the annual meeting of the Arundel Society on the 29th June 1855, publifhed by that Society, and the equally excellent introdudion by Mr. Mafkell to the Cata- logue of Original Ivories in the South Kenfington Mufeum, publifhed in 1872, to which the prefent volume may be con- fidered as a fupplement, renders it unneceffary in the prefent work to enter at any great length on the hiflory and appliances of ivory carvings during the Middle Ages. The exhibition of the fplendid Fejervary Colledion of carved ivories by Count Pulfzky, at the Rooms of the Archaeological Inftitute of London in 1853, may be faid to have given the firfl. impulfe to the ftudy of fuch objeds in this country. This colledion (of many of the moft interefling fpecimens of which tacfimiles are contained in the South Kenfington Mufeum) ; X was fubfequently fold to Mr. Mayer, and by him was moft liberally prefented to the Liverpool Mufeum. As a great number of the fidlile ivories in the colledion have been caft from moulds made from the original ivories by Mr. Nefbitt and myfelf, a defcription of the very hmple opera- tion by which they were made may be deemed ufeful. At firft gutta-percha was alone ufed, but as it was found that after being foftened in hot water it hardened again too rapidly to allow a large ivory to be properly preffed, it was confdered advifable to mix a certain quantity of wax with the gutta-percha, which caufed it to retain its foftnefs for a longer period. The pre- pared gutta-percha is then to be placed in hot water (which mufl not be allowed to boil), and when it has become as foft as putty it is to be moulded by the hand into a flattened plate rather larger than the ivory to be moulded. The face of the ivory mufl: be wetted with clear cold water, or better flill, mufl: be waflied over with foft foap applied with a camel’s hair brufli, and whilfl: wet the gutta-percha is to be placed upon it and prelTed by the thumb carefully fo as to force the gutta-percha into all the deeper cut parts of the ivory. It is then allowed to harden and cool, and mufl: then be lifted with great care from the ivory. Of courfe this is a delicate opera- tion with old or deeply cut ivories, but it is very rare indeed that any injury has happened to the latter, as the wax in the compofltion allows a fmall amount of elafticity. With under- cut ivories, the under-cut parts mufl: be guarded and the plafter cafl: when made from the gutta-percha mould mufl: be under- cut by hand to reprefent the original ; but it is better to ufe gelatine to make the moulds from under-cut ivories. When travelling abroad I have generally carried with me a fmall apparatus ufed in nurferies, called an iTtna, in which a fufflcient quantity of gutta-percha may be warmed in hot water by burning a table fpoonful of fpirits of wine in the trough at the bottom of the inftrument. Should the firfl: quantity of gutta-percha warmed not be fufflcient for the ivory another quantity may be XI applied to the uncovered parts, taking care to prefs it clofely up to the portion already manipulated. On being removed from the ivory the mould is ready to receive the fluid plafter of Paris of the finefl: quality for the caft, but when a number of copies are required it has been found advifable to have an eledlrotype made of the mould fo that every fubfequent cafl: may be as frefh as the one firfl: made. In order to give the calls a greater fimilarity to ivory, as well as to harden the furface of the calls, they are dipped in warm fluid Ilearine. In this manner a conflderable number, both of moulds and electrotype moulds, were accumulated by MelTieurs Alexander Nefbitt, A. W. Franks, and myfelf, which were in 1855 trans- ferred to the Arundel Society, by whom copies of the calls were publilhed at a very moderate price, accompanied by an extremely interelling dilTertation on ivory carvings by Sir Digby Wyatt. The beautv of the calls made from thefe moulds has been univerfally acknowledged. They were made with the finell plaller of Paris by the late Melfrs. Franchi, whofe bufinefs has been transferred to Melfrs. Elkington, from whom not only the Arundel Society’s feries but alfo nearly the whole of the fpeci- mens defcribed in this catalogue may be obtained. When pro- perly made, and carefully coloured by hand from the originals, (the Ilearined furface allowing the application of common water colours), it is next to impolfible to dillinguilh one of thefe calls from the original. I have treated my own copy of the great Britilh Mufeum Archangel in this manner, and the late Dr. Waagen, one of the moll confummate judges of ancient art, could fcarcely believe that my fpecimen was not an original ivory, and the late Count Pulfzky was furprifed to fee in my colledlion what he confidered to be one of his own fpecimens belonging to the Fejervary Mufeum, which I had in like manner coloured up to the original. Hence the extreme value of the colledlion, replete as it is with information both artillic and antiquarian, cannot be doubted and need not be dwelt upon at any great length. The fact, howevef, that at leaft half of the objedts defcribed in this work are of a date previous to the thirteenth century, and that a very large proportion of the whole is of a religious charader, renders it evident that a very important addition is made by ivory carv- ings to the ftudy of Chriftian Iconography. Thofe who have ftudied Mrs. Jamefon’s admirable Hiftory of Our Lord and her other works, or the more recently publifhed ‘‘L’fivangile: fitudes Iconographiques et Archeologiques,’' by De Fleury (2 vols. 4to. 1874. Tours), will have perceived how few illuftrations have been derived from this clafs of art works, whilft the elabo- rate index which has been prepared of the prefent volume will afford eafy means of reference to any fpecial fubjedt of Biblical hiftory, fhowing the various treatments which it has received at different periods in different countries, and with different theological and dodlrinal feelings. Second. The writer of this catalogue has thought it a necef- fary portion of his talk to infpecft all the great Continental mufeums containing colledlions of carved ivories, firft, with the view to learn the extent and nature of their contents, and, fecondly, with the view of pointing out by careful defcription, the moft important pieces of which it would be defirable to obtain copies. Thanks to the liberal fyftem adopted by feveral of the great mufeums ^ of eftablifhing a manufadlory of plafter facfimiles of fculptured works in connexion with the art mufeum, many of the moft valuable objeds in them may now be obtained at a moderate coft, but there are other colledions of which facfimiles are not fo eaftly obtained. Exceptional circumftances, hardly likely to recur, have allowed fome of thefe (amongft which the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican muft efpecially be mentioned) 1 The Kunft Kammer of Berlin, the National Bavarian Mufeum at Munich, and the Romano-Germanic Mufeum of Mayence are here more efpecially alluded to. The calls pro- duced at the lall named ellablilhment, under the diredlion of Dr. Linden- fehmidt, are perfeft mallerpieces of art, being coloured to imitate the ori- ginals in metal or other material. to be opened and moulds made from portion of their contents, but many ftill remain of great intereft of which it is defirable to obtain either cafts or photographs.^ In connexion with the colledlions of original ivories a few words will not be out of place with reference to the exiftence of modern antiques, of which it is undoubted that there are numbers in exiftence, and by which inexperienced amateurs have been vidimifed to a confiderable extent. Thus during the laft year a copy of the Milan fitula made by an ignorant artift has been brought to this country, and Dr. Keller, of Zurich, has informed the writer hereof that at Giefllingen, Wurtemburg, between Ulm and Stutgard, there is a conftant manufacture of modern antiques of all kinds of ivory, wood, and metal produc- tions carried on. Other inftances are recorded by Mr. Mafkell in the Appendix to his volume on the South Kenfington Ivories, p. 187. Great care is, however, requifite in deciding upon the genuinenefs of an ivory carving afTumed to be of claffical or mediaeval date. Thus the grand pair of tablets fculptured with the figures of ^sculapius and Hygeia were fufpected by Italian antiquaries of the laft century to be quattro-cento imitations, but Mr. George Scharf (Notes of Sculpture in the Manchefter Exhibition of 1857, p. 6) has given an excellent reafon for their true claftical date, which has been partially confirmed by Dr. Keller’s difcovery, in a neglecfted cabinet of antiquities near Sion, of a little tablet of claftical worlcmanfhip with the fame fubjedls, a caft of which is defcribed in this Catalogue, No. 17, p. 5. M. Didron, Annales Archeolog., vol. 18, p. 307, does not hefitate to affirm that the two plaques of ivory in the Berlin Mufeum (defcribed in this Catalogue, pp. 46, 47), reprefenting the Virgin holding the Infant Chrift and Chrift feated between SS. Peter and Paul, font d’une authenticite conteftable,’' and to thefe he adds the two great book covers of the Paris Library, 1 The ftudent of early art muft not fail to examine the extremely valuable and numerous colleftions of photo graphs of art treafures accumulated in the Fine Art Library of the South Kenfington Mufeum. XIV which reprefent. In an extremely rude manner, the fame fubjed:s in their centres, whilft the fmaller groups furrounding the latter, deroutent les regies et les habitudes de Tancienne iconographie Chretienne,” He adds that hence Le Normant was led to regard the Chrift in the Paris piece as St. Matthew, whilft the Berlin Chrift, although giving the benedidtion in the Byzantine manner, is feated on a Roman chair (pofTibly of copper, like that of Dagobert), inftead of a Byzantine throne, which is always of orfevrerie tout couverte de perles et a montants droite,” but here the chair is entirely Roman and not Byzantine. He further objedfs that among the paintings of Sta. Sophia at Conftantinople there is a head which bears great refemblance to this head of Chrift, but it Is that of the Prophet Jeremiah, whilft the Chrift of the Sta. Sophia refembles the fine figures of Chrift, efpecially fuch as that of the ivory of Romanus : and alfo that reprefentatlons of the fun and moon weeping occur conftantly in the fcene of the crucifixion, but not fo early as the fixth century, and certainly not in fuch a fcene as this of Chrift feated in Paradife in glory, where there is neither fun nor moon fince Chrift Is Himfelf the light thereof (Apocalypfe, xxi. 22). M. DIdron further confiders as a fmall, but even more deci- five, proof of the falfehood of this Berlin piece the large letter O on the lower margin of the ivory, of which no trace occurs In the Paris piece. He admits that he is unable to derive its fignifica- tlon, but having found an eight-rayed fun ^ at the foot of the caft of the Bodleian Byzantine ivory of Chrift feated (^Jee defcrip- tions poft^ p. 90), giving the blefting in the Latin manner on the cover of the Codex Ebnerianus, he afferts that this form of the ftar is comme tous ceux qu’on a falts au xv® fiecle,” and hence that its appearance on a Byzantine fculpture of the twelfth century muft be a proof of forgery. Encore un ivoire deniche, encore un ivoire faux du molns a mon avis f et 1 This is one of the five metal ftars forming part of the filver binding of the Codex by Herr Ebner ! XV Preface. qu'on decouvrirait prochainement des ivoires aux etoiles et dcs ivoires aux cometes puifque la Bodleienne d’Oxford et le Mufee de Berlin en pofledaient deja au foleil et a la lune ! ! ” M. Didron alfo doubts the authenticity of the Berlin ivories reprefenting the Crucifixion p. 96), the Afcenfion p. 95), and the Day of Pentecofi: p. 90), forming part of the feventh clafs in the Arundel Society's Catalogue of Calls (p. 41) ; alfo a Baptifm p. 106) placed in the fourth clafs (p. 37)5 afierting alfo that the two ivories in the Berlin Mufeum P* 7 ^) placed at the head of the feventh clafs (p. 41)5 reprefenting the hiftory of Jofeph, are certainly falfe ; ^ and, lallly, affirming that the ivory of Otho and Theophania in the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny (figured in Les Arts Somptuaires, and defcribed p- 397) is “ auffi faux,” Ann. Arch., vol. 20, p. 64. This wholefale denunciation of the Berlin pieces by M. Didron, who would feem to have had a fpecial national prejudice againfl: the Berlin ivories, appears to the writer hereof unjuftifi- able, although it muft be confefled that the particular pieces objedled to poflefs very unufual charadleriftics, as is alfo the cafe with the pax reprefenting the Decapitation of St. John, and the great calket with the figure of Chrifl; afcending to Heaven in the centre of the top, alfo in the Kunft Kammer at Berlin.^ ^ Mr. Didron has been mifled by the Arundel Catalogue, p. 37, as to the piece with the Baptifm of Chrift, with the river Jordan perfonified, which is ftated therein to be in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin, but of which the original call was in reality obtained by the Cryftal Palace Company at Paris from M. Micheli ; it is defcribed in this Catalogue under No. 106, and referred to the 9th century. The great farcophagus of the Mufeum of St. John Lateran, Rome, 4th century, with various groups illuftrating the Creation of Man and Woman by the Trinity (?), the Temptation, the miracle of the Marriage of Cana, the Multiplication of the Loaves, the Raising of Lazarus, the Offering of the Magi, Chrift healing the Blind, Daniel in the Lions’ Den, St. Peter and the Cock, St. Peter feized by the Jews, and Mofes ftriking the Rock j the Jews being diftinguifhed by their flat-topped caps. Introduced in order to Ihow the identical treatment of thefe fcenes by the early fculptors of flone and ivory. Compare efpecially the defcription of the Britifli Mufeum ivories on p. 44 poji. CATALOGUE OF FICTILE IVORY CASTS IN THE SOUTH KENSINGTON MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. The numbers at the head of thefe defcriptlons are thofe of the Regijier in the Mufeum. The confecutive numbers that follow are ufed for the author"^ s convenience. SECTION L~--CLASS1CAL IVORIES. 73- I- ABLET. Diana. Etrufcan, Original in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. I -I in. by 4 in. This tablet, which formed part of the front of a cafket of bone, fpiritedly reprefents Diana in the adl of catching the Moenalian ftag, the neck of which is grafped by the right arm, and one of the ears by the left hand of the goddefs. In very low relief. (/.) ’73* B order, a portion. Etrufcan. Original in the Britilb Mufeum. i in. by 4 in. This is part of an ornamental border, of Etrufcan work,Teprefenting two male perfons lying at full length in the adl of energetic difputation ; carved in very low relief. {2.) ’73- 3- S CENT BOX, a fragment. Claflical. i ft to 4th century. Original in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liver- pool. if in. by if in. 30670. Wt. 412. A A 2 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. This is a fragment of a cylindrical fcent box, with a fpirited relief reprefenting Silenus feated on the ground looking backwards, and holding a bunch of grapes in his extended right hand. We are informed by Pulfzky that fimilar boxes with Bacchic and other reliefs, found at Pompeii, are contained in the Mufeum at Naples. (5.) ’73- 4- B OX, a fragment. Roman, ift to 4th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. i-|in. by ij in. This is a fragment of a cylindrical box with a relief, reprefenting a very robuft but adtive cupid playing upon two lutes, with wings extended. (4.) ’73- S* P I AQUE. Etrufcan. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Q.\ in. by i in. A female figure ftanding eredf, with the left hand raifed to the fide of the head, the right hand refting on the hip. Long flowing hair, long drapery hanging in ffraight folds, with the left leg crolTed over the right. (5.) ’73. 6, 6a. T essera, ufed as an admilTion ticket to a feat in a theatre or amphitheatre. Circular. Roman, ift to 4th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. if in. On one fide is carved, in confiderable relief, two excellent figures of a youth {landing befide a maiden feated, holding a lute. On the reverfe (No. 6a) are infcribed VI • AiOYCAI 0 S'” (^, 6a?) ’73* 7- T essera, ufed as an admlffion ticket to a feat in a theatre or amphitheatre. Circular. Roman, ift to 4th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. if in. On the front is well carved the fide face of a head of an aged man, with long beard, and with a band round the head. (7.) C la [ft cal Ivories. 3 73- 8- T essera, ufed as an admiirion ticket to a feat in a theatre or amphitheatre. Circular. Roman, ift to 4th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. i-|- in. On the front is rudely carved the ftrongly-marked fide face of a middle-aged beardlefs man, with the hair combed backwards. (8) ’73- 9* T essera, ufed as an admidlon ticket to a feat in a theatre or amphitheatre. Circular. Roman, ifl: to 4th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. in. The front carved with a hand having the thumb and firft and fecond fingers extending, the third and fourth fhut. (9) ’73. 10. T essera, ufed as an admiffion ticket to a feat in a theatre or amphitheatre. Circular. Roman, ift to 4th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. i-J in. The front carved with a reprefentation of a prawn. (/3. 12 . P LAQUE. The Genius of Winter. Roman. 4th cen- tury (?). Original in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. 5f in. by 4J in. The Genius of Winter, with large wings, clofely-cut hair, and flying drapery, carrying a hare,i the fymbol of winter. The fl:yle of the tablet afligns it to the epoch of the Emperor Conllantine, the proportions being ftiort and heavy, and the execution rather rude. The workman- fhip is peculiar, only the outlines of the figure and drapery being carved into the ivory, and prefenting rather the appearance of a drawing than in relief ; they were probably inlaid with enamel, though all trace of it has difappeared.” — Pulfzky Cat., p. 35 . The figure is reprefented beneath an angulated arch, refting on two fide jambs. (/5.) ’65. 106. P LAQUE of Book Cover or Diptych. Claflical. 3rd to 6th century. Original in the Library of St. Gall. 12 in. by 3j in. Four compartments, in which are reprefented battle fcenes between warriors and amazons armed with fwords, bows, fpears, and fhields round and fquare, extremely rude in defign and execution. There is an elaborate unpublifhed memoir on this curious piece by the Monk Eckhardus Minimus, in one of the MS. catalogues of the library of St, Gall. i^4.) ’54- 45 > 46. D iptych, the two leaves. iEfculapius and Hygeia. Claflical. 2nd or 3rd century. Original in the Fejer- vary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. Each leaf 12 ^ in. 5f in. wide. 1 In the Roman mofaic floor of Chedworth, Glouceflerfhire, a figure appears holding a rabbit that hangs from his right hand and a flag’s horn in his left, appa- rently reprefenting a hunter charged with the fpoils of the chafe. A Roman fculp- tured flone was found on the fite of the new church of St. Swithin, Lincoln, in 1870, on which is alfo fculptured a young man with curling hair, clothed in a tunic and mantle, holding a hare in both his hands. 5 Clajftcal Ivories. This diptych of iTfculapius and Hygeia is ^onfidered by Pulfzky as the moft beautiful of all the ancient reliefs in ivory. On the firft leaf iTfculapius (accompanied by a diminutive .figure of Telefphorus), refls upon his club, round which a ferpent is twined. On the fecond leaf, Hygeia, with Cupid at her feet, leans upon a tripod, holding a ferpent with her left hand whilfi: file feeds it with her right. The whole defign is furrounded by an elegant foliated border. Details defcribed by Pulfzky, Fejerv. Iv., p. 35 ; Malkell, Cat., p. 166-7. Figured, RafFaelle Morghen (Palmerini Cat., 201) ; Gorius, Thes. Dipt., IV. pi. XX. and xxi. ; Pulfzky, Fejerv. Ivor., frontifp. ; Labarte, Handb., pp. 36, 425 ; Jones, Waring, &:c.. Art Treafures, Manchefter. PI. I, f. I (the 2nd leaf). . (/5, ’65. no. P LAQUE, .^fculapius and Hygeia. Claffical. 3rd or 4th century. Original in a private colledlion in Switzer- land. (Caft received from Dr. Keller of Zurich.) 4 in. by in. Small figures of iTfculapius and Hygeia Handing eredl. iTfcula- pius is clad with drapery hanging from his left fhoulder to below the knees, leaving the right fide of his chefl: expofed, his feet with fandals ; in his right hand he holds what looks like a gigantic fir cone, and a club in his left hand refts on the ground, with a fnake twining up it. Hygeia, fully draped, ftands on the right fide, holding a fnake in her right hand, and apparently a large conch in her left hand. The execu- tion is in very high relief, very vigoroufly treated, and the anatomical details well made out. In the background is feen part of a building with wide deprelTed arch, and above the figures are two projecting confoles. (//.) ’58. 61, 62. D iptych, Claffical. 3rd or 4th century. Original in the Biblioteca Quiriniana, Brefcia. Each leaf, H. lo in., W. in. The diptych of Cardinal Quirini. On the firft leaf, Hippolytus ^ with his fpear, hound, and fandals, reads the tablets containing the 1 Much controverfy has arifen about this piece in confequence of the emafculated ftate of this nude male figure. I fuggefted that this was not the original condition of the relief, an opinion fince adopted by Wiefeler. Op. cit., p. lo, note. 6 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. avowal of the inceftuous love of Phcedra, who leans penfively againfl: a column. The winged Cupid fluttering between them deprefles his torch towards the latter. The fecond leaf contains a unique repre- fentation of Diana and Virbius (Ovid, Metam., xv. 538). The god- defs is figured in a fliort hunting drefs, whilfl: Hippolytus, transformed into the god Virbius, with fpear, fhield, and Phrygian cap, receives the carelTes of the goddefs, the winglefs Cupid placing wreaths on the heads of the new god and goddefs. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. fuppl. tab. xvi. ; Wiefeler, Das Diptychon Quirinianum, 8vo., 1868, pi. i, 2. (/<9, /P.) ’58. 148. P IERCED Plaque* ClalTical. 3rd or 4th century. Ori- ginal in the Britilh Mufeum. H. 8 in., W. 3^ in. Bellerophon on a fpiritedly-defigned winged horfe thrufts his long fpear into the mouth of a lion-like animal reprefenting the chimera ; on the back of which is feen the head of a ftieep. Trees, of a conven- tional characSIer, in the background. Border formed of the Greek ovule fret ; at the top an arcade of fmall nearly circular arches, (^(?.) ’58. 2 and 3, alfo ’69. 58. T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 4th or 5th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Monza. Each leaf, H. 13^ in., W. 5 in. The third diptych of Monza. On the firfl: leaf is reprefented a beautiful female figure playing on the lyre, which refts on an elegant column, with the pledlrum. On the fecond leaf is reprefented an aged bald man feated, holding a fcroll, under a rich architedlural defign, which is only completed when the diptych is opened, the other leaf being feen like the open back of the binding of a book. Around the twilled lateral columns of both are looped curtains hanging by rings on rods in the antique manner. The female figure has been referred to Calliope, the mufe of epic poetry, but may poflibly be the portrait of a Roman lady in an ideal character, and the male figure was regarded by Gorius as a poet, Claudian, Aufonius, or Boethius ; by Pulfzky as Ennius, or even Homer; and by Oldfield as a philofopher rather than a poet, fuggefting Clajfical Ivories. 7 that the vigorous anatomical treatment indicated an earlier date than the fixth century, to which the attribution to Boethius would aflign it. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., vol. II., p. 243, pi. 8. ; Didron, Annal. Archeol., vol. XXL p. 289, 294 c. 2 Tab. annex. (2/, 22 .) ’54- 47’ 4 B. T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 3rd century. Ori- ginal in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. Each leaf, H. 1 2-| in., W. 5 in. Formerly in the public library of Sens, but now transferred to the National Library at Paris, ferving as the binding of a thirteenth century manufcript, containing “ The Office of Fools ” for the firft day of the year. On the firft leaf the juvenile Bacchus, holding a wine cup and the Thyrfus, is drawn in a car by two centaurs, preceded by a torch bearer ; above are fcenes of the vintage, and below, a group of fea gods. On the back leaf, Diana Lucifera, holding a torch, is drawn in a car by two bulls with various attendant figures ; beneath is feated the fea goddefs ThalafTa and various marine animals. Figured, Millin, Monum. Antiq. ined. ii. pi. 1 ., li. ; Voyages, vol. I. pi. ii., iii. ; Lacroix and Sere, Le Moyen Age, Relieures, pi. i. ; Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Album, pi. i. { 23 , 24 .) ’58. 256. T WO Narrow Plaques. Roman. 4th century. Original in the Cabinet des Antiques (Bibl. Nat., Paris). Each plaque, H. ii-J in., W. 3 in. Each plaque contains three male and as many tall graceful female figures in lively attitudes, with long flowing robes, the whole fuppofed to reprefent the fix mufes infpiring the fame number of poets ; one of thefe mufes holds a partially enrolled fcroll in both hands ; a fecond holds a long wand j a third, with upraifed right hand, holds an oblong lyre in her left ; a fourth carries a very narrow lyre in her right hand ; a fifth points to a Gothic mafk ; and a fixth bears two flutes. The male figures are chiefly feated regarding the mufes. The figures are carved in very high relief, and the drapery arranged in fmall, but often deeply funk, folds. Defcribed by De Witte, Defcript. des Antiq. de Durand, 1836, P- 453 - ( 25 .) 8 FiBile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 13- P LAQUE. Roman. 3rd or 4th century ? Original in the Public Library, Treves. H. 3 in., W. 5-| in. Part of a martial procellion, compofed of an aged perfonage or prieft, unarmed and with naked head, on horfeback ; a warrior, fully equipped in armour on horefeback, holding a bow in his left hand, and fix warriors on foot armed with round fhields or fpears, their heads defended by helmets and fide pieces over the ears. Figured, Auf’m Weerth, Kiinft Denkm. Rheinl., pi. 58 , f. 2 . {26}) EAF of Diptych. Roman. 3rd century. Original in JL/ the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 212. ’65. (Defer. Mafkell Cat., p. 44.) H. iif in., W. 4f in. A female figure flanding before an altar, inferibed above, Sym- MACHORUM.” One of the moft exquifite pieces of Roman work now exifting. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., I. pi. vi. Photogr. in Mafkell, ut fupra. {27) ’73. 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, S IX Semi-Statuettes. Roman. 4th or 5th century. Ori- ginals affixed to the filver pulpit in the cathedral of Aix- la-Chapelle. Height varying from 9! in. to 1 in., width about 5 in. This pulpit is ornamented with agates, gems, cryftals, and the fix ivory carvings here deferibed. On a central bofs, Charlemagne is reprefented holding a model of the cathedral ; on an oblong medallion is figure of God feated on a throne holding a book in His hand. The fix ivory pieces form two rows at the fides of thefe figures, and at the four corners are reprefentations of the four evangelifts. ’ 73 . 15 . A female mythological figure {landing eredl with a tall crown on the top of her head formed of open-bafket work ; her hair is long, and falls in plaited ringlets on her breafl. Her right hand is elevated. Claljical Ivories. 9 and holds a fmall fhip, with a Phrygian cap at the top of the maft ; two failors hold the ropes of the fail, whilft a third holds a long paddle- like oar. At the left fide a fatyr, with a dog at his feet and a ferpent twined round his arm, holds a pan-pipe, and between him and the fhip two winged infant genii hold a dove. In her left arm the central figure holds a large foliated cornucopia furmounted by a temple refting on four twifted columns fupporting a fluted dome, on the top of which is feated an eagle with outflretched wings, and two infant winged genii, one playing upon a pipe, another is feated within the temple ; of two others at the right fide, one holds a dove, and the other is playing upon the double pipe, whilfl: a fmall female, with flying drapery, is dancing on the ground. (; 2 < 9 .) ’73. 16. A nude male figure, poflibly intended for the juvenile Bacchus, flanding, furrounded by gracefully arranged vine branches and bunches of grapes completely undercut, on one of the latter of which he is leaning his left foot. He has long hair falling in ringlets on his cheft, his right arm is raifed above his head, where he has feized the flem of the vine ; his left arm refls enveloped in his cloak (which hangs at his back) upon a lion’s head forming the mouth of a fountain, from which water flows into the mouth of a hound feated at his feet. The head of the chief figure is too large, and the proportions heavy. Birds, animals, and two infant genii, one playing on a pipe, are fporting amongfl: the branches. (2P.) ’73. 17. A nude male juvenile figure, very like No. flanding with croflTed legs, furrounded by vine branches, with leaves and grapes, completely undercut ; his right hand, raifed above his head, holds a vafe, from which a fl:ream of water falls into the mouth of a lion ftanding at the right fide with the body raifed. The left arm of the figure, covered by the cloak hanging down his back, here refl:s on the top of a Corin- thian capital, the column of which is partly fluted and partly twifted. The vine ftem rifes from a vafe between the bafe of the column and the foot of the figure. Several birds and beafts and two fmall infant genii, one cutting off a twig with a fickle, the other playing on a pipe, are fporting among the branches. ( 56 >.) ’73. 18. An emperor ftanding eredl, his right hand raifed, holding a fpear, with which he is ftriking a bear (?) of fmall fize at his feet, his left hand holding a ftiield pointed at the bottom, which refts on the ground. He wears a cap on his head, and a long cloak hangs at his back faftened on his right fhoulder with a fibula ; he wears a covering of chain armour over the cheft, fupported by ftraps over the flioulders. lO FiSiile Ivory Cajis. whilft the thighs and fore arm are defended by a tunic formed of long ftraps of metal in crofs rows, and the feet and legs up to the calves are defended by fandals tied into knots like open network. On his right fhoulder ftands a fmall naked male winged figure holding the top of the fpear, and over the left fhoulder hovers a winged female figure holding a fmall ball. On the ground, at the right fide, lies a bird under the foot of the emperor. (5/.) ’73. 19. An emperor on horfeback, clad as in No. 5 /, carved in very high relief, holding his horfe’s bridle in his left hand, and in his right hand a long fpear, with which he is piercing a leopard which is attacked by a hound under the horfe, an eagle alfo being trampled beneath the fore feet of the horfe. Two winged angels occupy the upper angles of the piece, holding an ornamented diadem over the head of the chief figure. Near the right angle is placed a fmall circular ornamented fhield. ’73. 20. A female figure carved in very high relief, very flightly draped, feated on the back of a fatyr, by whofe arms fhe is clafped round the waift, and whofe hind part is transformed into that of a ferpent, terminating in a fifli’s tail. Her left hand is raifed, holding a veil floating over her head ; at the fides are winged infant genii, fiflies, and fhells ; and beneath her feet is a fmaller female figure, alfo riding on the back of another monfter with a human body and long ferpent-like tail, finifhing in that of a fifh. This latter monfler holds one of the genii with his left hand, and has feized the ankle of the upper female with his right upraifed hand. The defign and workmanfhip of this and the preceding piece are very inferior to thofe of the four others previoufly defcribed. A memoir on thefe ivories, in which an endeavour is made to explain their objedf, is contained in the Melanges Archaeologiques by MM. Cahier and Martin, vol. IV., where two of them are figured. Others are alfo figured by Forfter, Denkm. Deutfch. Kiinfl:, vol. I., and the whole by Auf’m Weerth, Kiinfl: Denkm. d. Rheinlandern, pi. 33. ’55- 61, 62. S EMI-CYLINDRICAL Money Box, with flat Aiding back. Roman. 3rd or 4th century. Original in the colledion of Mr, Attenborough. H. 6 in., W. in. (at top). Clajftcal Ivories. 1 1 Ivory box, formed out of about one-third of the end of a tufk, the concave portion forming the box, which is fhut by a flat moveable back piece. (There is a fimilarly formed, but quite plain, ivory box in the Etrufcan room of the Britifh Mufeum.) ^ On the round fide are fculp- tured three figures {landing upon acanthus leaves. The central one is the juvenile Bacchus, with the legs only covered with drapery, holding the Thyrfus in his left hand (with fir cones at each end) and an objedl like a fhell in his right hand ; at his foot is a panther. To the right a faun with the fkin of an animal on his back tied round his neck where the animal’s feet are feen. On his fhoulders he holds a wine Ikin with his left hand, and a club in his right hand ; he is draped round the loins. To the left a nymph, fully draped, with a long rod in her right hand refiling on her fhoulder, and holding a tambourine on her left fhoulder. On the flat moveable back is a female figure {landing eredl with long curls on her neck, the head partly covered with a cap, on which an eredl feather is fafiened. In her left hand {he holds a cornucopia refiing on her {boulders, with grapes and flowers feen in its open mouth, and in her right hand {he holds the rudder of a {hip refiing on the ground ; behind her head floats a winged genius holding two circular difcs fafiened together, one above the other, in his right hand, the left hand pointing downwards. {34, 35) ’65. 117. T ablet. Roman. 4th or 5th century. Original in the Public Library, Ravenna. H. 5 in., W. in. Apollo, naked, fiands to the left playing on a fquare lyre, which he is firiking with the ple6lrum. Over his head floats a fmall Cupid, in the middle a fwan flying downwards, and to the right a naked figure of Daphne {landing in a tree with her right arm outfiretched towards Apollo. Surrounded by a {lender plain railed margin. (5^.) ’ 54 - 49 - EAF of a Diptych. Roman. 3rd century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. I if in., W. 4f in. In the upper part are feated in a latticed gallery three perfonages, one in the centre, aged, holding a difc, another to the left, fiill older. ^ Martial, Apoph. 13, mentions ftrong boxes of ivory for holding gold, and of vvood for filver and meaner kinds of coin. [ To face p. 13] SECOND LEAF OF THE CONSULAR DIPTYCH OF PROBIANIJS. In the Royal Library, Berlin. Clajjical Ivories. 13 ’58. 64, 65. T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 4 th century. Ori- ginal in the Royal Library, Berlin. H. ii|^in., W. 5 in. Two leaves of the diptych of the Conful Rufius Probianus. Each leaf is divided into two compartments, in the upper of which the Conful is feated in front of a tetraftyle building with Corinthian capitals and curtains faftened with a knot on the right fide, whilll on the left is fuf- pended a long banner ornamented with bulls and figures, apparently embroidered. On either fide of the Conful is a fcribe Handing with an open book and a ftyle in his right hand. On the front leaf the Conful holds a roll with his left hand, refting on his knee, and his right hand raifed, with the firfi: and fecond fingers extended as if in benedidlion. On the other leaf the Conful has his cloak faftened with a large fibula, and holds in his left hand a long fcroll refting upon the knees, infcribed PROBIANE FLOREAS, the right hand apparently holding a ftyle as though the Conful had himfelf traced the infcription. Over his head is the infcription, extending acrofs the upper part of both leaves, RVFIVS PROBIANVS VC VICARIVS VRBIS ROMAE. In the lower compartment of each leaf are two figures (priefts) Handing eredl, looking and pointing upward towards the Conful, each holding a half opened fcroll. Between each pair of figures is a fmall circular tripod altar, on which is a facrificial faucer-like velTel with a ftyle. Each leaf is fur- rounded by an elegant foliated border.^ Firft defcribed by Salig De Veter. Dipt., pp. 6, 7 ; Schwarz Del Vet. Dipt., pp. 7, 8 ; I. O. Weftwood in Journ. Arch. Inft., xvi. p. 2405 and Proc. Oxford Arch. Soc., June 1833, p. 130. Figured, 2nd leaf by Weftwood, 1. c, { 39 , 40 ) ’ 55 - 8 . L eaf of Diptych. Roman. 5th century. Original in the Cabinet des Antiques, Bibl. Nat, Paris. H. i i|-in., W. in. The diptych of Compiegne, reprefenting the Conful Flavius Felix, now known only by this leaf, acrofs the top of which is infcribed in ruftic Roman capitals, FL. FELICIS • V • C • COM AC MAG * * All the other confular and other clafTical diptychs defcribed in this work are deftitute of foliated borders (except Nos, Id, 16, and 37), 14 FiSlile Ivory Cajls. the loft leaf according to Mabillon and Gorius having the continuation VTRQ^* MIL • PATR • ET CONS • ORD, Conful of the weft in A.D. 428.1 Jn both leaves he is clad in his rich confular robes, ftanding eredf between curtains looped at the fides, holding his fceptre furmounted by two fmall heads, his open right hand refting on his breaft. Rude but bold workmanftiip. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., I. tab. ii. p. 329 j Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, ii., pi. 12 ; Les Arts Somptuaires, v. 2, p. 60, and pi. annex. (^L) 55. 6, 7 ; alfo ’69. 59. T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 5th century. Ori- ginal in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Monza. Each leaf, H. 13 in., W. 6 in. On the firft leaf of this magnificent diptych a noble lady is repre- fented ftanding, holding a laurel branch and a napkin, by her fide a youth in a large plain cloak faftened by a large fibula, holding a flat book with the left hand, the right hand raifed with the firft and fecond fingers extended. On the fecond leaf a grand figure of a warrior (i i inches high) richly clad, holding a fpear in his right hand and a large circular fhield refting on the ground with his left, as in the Aofta diptych, his fword faftened on his left thigh, and his large cloak faftened with a very fine large cruciform fibula. This diptych has been referred by Pulfzky to the youthful Valentinian III. and his mother Galla Placidia, the ftanding male figure being intended for the Emperor Theodofius or the younger Gratian, the elder brother of Valentinian. By Mr. Oldfield they are afcribed to Valentinian II. and his mother Juftina, the warrior being perhaps iEtius or Bonifacius. By Gori and PafTeri they were attributed to the feventh century (a period when art'was probably at its loweft ftate), and to the Lombard King Agilulf, his queen Theodolinda, and fon Adolald, or to Ethelbert the Anglo-Saxon and his queen Bertha, or laftly to the Emperor Phocas and Emprefs Leontia. In oppofition to fuch fuggeftions it muft be noticed that the workmanftiip of this diptych is moft excellent. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. pi. 7 ; Photogr. of the ift leaf. Sir D. Wyatt, Notices, &c., Arundel Soc., App., p. 5 j Didron, Annales Arch., vol. XXL p. 222 and 225, and 2 tab. annex. ; Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Album, pi. 2. { 42 , 43 .) ^ But referred by Mabillon to the conful Felix Gallus, A.D. 511. Ann. Bene- di6l, lib. xxxvii. p. 94 ; and fee Banduri, Imp. Orient., ii., lib. i. 36, p. 402. Clajftcal Ivories. 15 ’58. 78. H alf of the Second Leaf of a Diptych. Roman. A.D. 449. Original in the Royal Library, Darmftadt. H. 7 in., W. 5 in. The Conful is feated on a curule chair and cufhion before a tetra- ftyle temple with twifted columns and foliated capitals, and a triangular pediment on which is fculptured a fhell ; he wears a gown ornamented at the neck with pearls and a cloak over it, and holds a roll in his left hand and a fceptre with two bulls at the top (for Rome and Byzantium) ; on either fide Hands a youth, one holding a vafe or bafket (fportula) with an oblong ornamental back, having figures of three fmall bulls at the top, and the other bearing two long curved objedls like twigs or rods banded together at the lower half.^ At top is the fecond half of the infcription, namely, MAG • VTRIVSQ • MIL • CONS • OE[R]D Magiller utriufque militiae Conful ordinarius. Figured,^ Gorius, Thes. Dipt., I. tab. i. (marked tab. iii. n. 2), opp. p. 59. (44.) ' 54 - 53 ^ 54 - T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 5th century ? Ori- ginals in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Halberfladt. Each leaf, H. 1 1 in., W. 5f in. (Reprod. in Kunft Kammer, Berlin, Verz. iii. a. 39, 40.) Referred by Foftermann to the Emperor Aurelian on the occafion of his triumph over Zenobia, A.D. 273, but more probably to Flavius ^tius “ magiller utriufque militiae,” the fuccefsful general over the Huns of Attila, four times conful, A.D. 454. The firll leaf reprefents the Conful Handing, clad in confular robes, holding the fceptre furmounted by two fmall heads (Rome and ConHantinople) and the mappa circenfis. ^ “ fafcesy Augufley fecundos erige ^ The figure of Gorius here referred to is very unfatisfa6f:ory, reprefenting the Conful clad in armour under his cloak with tranfverfe bars acrofs the cheft. Nothing of this appears in my call ; in fail, the margin of the under garment covering the elbow of the right arm extends down the middle of the cheft, having been crofted by the cloak from the left Ihoulder acrofs the breaft. i6 FiSitle Ivory Cajis. attended by two perfonages in plain robes. Above are two imperial per- fonages of fmall fize feated, their robes bearing the lati-clavus and faftened on the right fhoulder with the Roman fibula, between two figures, one helmeted, holding a globe and fpear (Rome), the other, with rays round the head (Sol oriens, for the Eaftern empire) ; two warriors ftand at the fide with large round fhields. Below are four prifoners, the two men with their hands tied behind them. On the other leaf the Conful is ftanding between two other perfonages all clad in the large cloak, each marked with the lati-clavus, and each faftened with a large fibula ^ over their heads the fame group as in the other leaf j below, a group of male and female prifoners feated but free, one of the male figures prefenting his ftiield to the Conful, and one of the females fuckling an infant, the Conful having his right hand raifed as in the of benediSiion^ with the firft and fecond fingers extended. Defcribed by Pulfzky, Cat. Fejerv. Iv., p. 21 ; Foftermann in N. Mittheil. des Thuring. Sachs- Vereins, vii. Heft 2, p. 61. Figured, Mittheilungen d. k.k. Central Commiftion, vol. XV. (2 plates) j Weifs, Koftumkund, 1862, p. 19, fig. 10 and p. 21, Fig. 12, reduced figures, of the confular groups ; Kugler, Kleine Schr., I. p, 135, one of the groups of captives. ^ ( 45 , 46 ,) ’58. 79, 80. T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 5th century. Original in the Biblioteca Quiriniana, Brefcia. Each leaf, H. 13 ^ in., W. 5 in. The diptych of the Conful Manlius Boethius, A.D. 487. On one leaf the Conful is feated and on the other ftanding, clad in a richly embroidered cloak (lorum) holding a fceptre furmounted by an eagle in his right hand, and in his left the mappa circenfis, between two Corinthian columns with foliated capitals fupporting an architrave and tympanum on which is an oaken wreath infcribed with the monogram of Boethius. Over the head of the Conful is the infcription in tall ruftic capitals NAR ‘ MANL • BOETHIVS V • C • ET INL EX P P P VS E C CONS ORD ET PATRIC. (Narius Manlius Boethius vir clarillimus et illuftris, ex praefeEPa IXHEN. Here the A’s have no crolT-bar, refembling the A (lambda), and the name of the conful is diftorted in the fourth word without any mark of contraction. If genuine, of courfe the other leaf would have contained the fame infcription as the firft leaf of the diptych of Philoxenus. Unfigured. ’ 58 . 76 , 77- T WO Leaves of a Diptych. Roman. 6th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum (No. 139. ’66, Mafkell Cat., p. 55). H. 13 in., W. 4f in. Confular diptych of Rufinus Gennadius Probus Oreftes. The defign is quite fimilar to that of Flavius Clementinus (Nos. 54 ^ 55 ). The conful has the hair arranged in thick fmall curls. The youths at the bottom emptying money bags are fmaller, and the infcription is — RVT GENN PROB • ORESTIS VC ET INC CO^ ORD. Over the head of the conful is a circular difc containing the mono- gram of the name Oreftes, with the addition of an oblique /, forming a V with the lower part of the fecond ftroke of the R. Very carefully defcribed by Mr. Mafkell. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. pi. xvii. { 69 ., 70 ) ’58. 81. L eaf of a Diptych. Roman. Middle of the 6th century. Original in the Uffizi, Florence. H. i3-|-in., W. 5 in. 1 The initial letter M (landing for Militiae, of which the- Conful was Ex Magifter, is here ignorantly omitted. 2 A full (lop is here placed after the uncontra 6 led word Conful. 26 FiBile Ivory Cajis. One of the leaves of the diptych of the laft of the Roman confuls, Bafilius, A,D. 541 . Here the conful is reprefented ftanding clad in a rich confular robe, on the right Ihoulder of which is an embroidered figure of the conful himfelf, in a car drawn by two horfes. He holds a long fceptre in his left hand, terminating at top in a ball and crofs, and in his right hand the mappa circenfis. By his fide ftands a female per- fonification of Conflantinople, holding the imperial banner, and with her right hand upon his right fhoulder. At the bottom is reprefented a chariot race by four quadrigae and the manumiflion of a flave. The infcription on this leaf is ANIC FAVST ALBIN BASILIVS V C. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., 11. pi. xx. (//.) 58. 59. P ART of Leaf of a Diptych. Roman. Middle of the 6th century. Original in the Brera, Milan. H. 8 in., W. 5 in. This is the upper part of the other leaf of the conful Bafilius, A.D. 541 . Here a fine winged feated figure of Vi 6 l:ory holds a large oval fhield, on which is the bull of the conful, the likenefs to that in the other leaf being excellently preferved, furrounded by the infcription BONO REIPVBLICE ET ITERVM. The feet of the Vidory reft upon the expanded wings of a large eagle foaring upwards. At the top is the continuation of the infcription ET INL EXCOM DOM PAT CONS O^. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. pi. xxi. (72^ ’58. 158. P ART of a Leaf of a Diptych. Roman. 6th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 266. ’67 (Mafkell Cat., p. 107). H. 6 \ in., W. 4 in. Upper portion of one leaf of a confular diptych, of which the raifed parts have been entirely cut down. Sufficient, however, remains to fhow the conful feated, holding in the raifed right hand the mappa circenfis. Above, beneath a rounded arch, a circle (to receive the monogram of the confuPs name) ; in the upper angles two birds. The reverfe of this piece is carved with fcenes of the Crucifixion. {See No. 225.^ The lower part of the leaf, fimilarly treated, and fimilarly carved on the reverfe with other fcenes of the Paffion, is in the Britifh Mufeum. ( 75 .) 27 Clafftcal Ivories. ’58. 53> 54- T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 5th or 6th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Novara. Each leaf, H. 1 2^ in., W. 5|- in. Two leaves of diptych of an unnamed conful, who ftands (on each leaf between two large columns fupporting a circular roof) clad in a long plain cloak faftened on the right flioulder with a large fiddle-fhaped fibula. On one leaf he holds a large roll in both hands ; in the other his right hand is raifed in the manner of benedidlion, with the firft and fecond fingers extended. A tranfverfe bar over the conful’s head in one leaf is left unfinifhed, being marked with lines indicating a flowing foliated arabefque. On the infide is infcribed a lift of the biftiops of Novara from St. Gaudentius to A.D. 1170 . Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. pi. iv. {74j 75!) ’73* ^4- L eaf of a Diptych. Roman. 6th century. Original in the Fejervary Colledtion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. 1 2^ in., W. 5-|- in. A very rudely executed leaf of camel bone. In the centre, within a circular difc with a foliated border, is the buft of a young conful holding the fceptre and mappa circenfis, furrounded with coarfely defigned foliage and a large rofette both above and below the central difc. No infcription. Unfigured. (7^-) S TATUETTE. Roman. 5th or 6th century. Original in the Colledlion of Andrew Fountaine, Efq., of Narford Hall, Norfolk. H. 6 in., W. at bottom, 4 in. A conful feated on a long feat and a large ornamented cufliion, clad in robes fimilar to thofe of the conful reprefented in the Halberftadt diptych (Nos. 45, 45), holding a roll in his left hand, and his right hand raifed as if giving the fignal for the games of the circus. The cloak is faftened with a large curved fibula on his right flioulder, and his hair is arranged in thin curls all round his head. Oldfield Cat., VI. ^ 7 . ; Pulfzky Cat., p. 23 . Unfigured. ( 77 .) 28 FiSlile Ivory Cajls. ’73- 25. S emi-statuette group. Roman. 3rd or 4th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer^ Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., hi. a. 67.) H. 6 in., W. 3^ in. A group of figures carved in very high relief. In the centre a fine middle-aged male figure of a prieft joining the right hands in marriage of another middle-aged man and a woman, the former of whom holds a fmall ball in his left hand. The compofition is very fimple and full of grace. (78) ’65. 96, 97. T WO Leaves of Diptych. Roman. 6 th century. Original in the Imperial Mufeum of Vienna. H. 10^ in., W. 4-i in. The two leaves of the Diptychon Riccardianum now at Vienna (as well as the other diptych from the fame colledlion, figured in Gorius, II. pi. ix. and xi.). On each leaf, flanding between partly fluted and partly twilled columns with Corinthian capitals, fupporting a flat triangular ornamental pediment, is reprefented a fine female figure; one being intended as the perfonification of Rome, and the other of Byzantium ; each is crowned, but the crowns are of different fhapes. One female reprefenting Rome holds a cornucopia in her left hand and a peculiar fhaped torch in her right hand, a fmall winged figure, confidered by Gorius as the Genius of Rome, is placed at her right fhoulder. The other female holds a long and (lender thyrfus with a fir cone at each end and a globe furmounted by a ftatue of Vidlory holding a palm branch and wreath. On each fide of the heads of thefe females are certain letters in- fcribed in red ink, which Gorius reads Fauflitas lo . . . . and Feracitas. It is, however, evident from Gorius’ figure that the letters are much more modern, and I clearly read the former word as Caftitas. Gorius further confiders the letters lo .... to indicate the conful lohannes. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. pi. hi. and pi. x. (79^ 80) ’73. 26. L ong Plaque. Top of a book cover. Roman. 4th or 5th century. Original in a private colledion at Aargau, Switzerland ; caft communicated by Dr. Keller, of Zurich. H. 3 in., W. 12 in. Clajftcal Ivories. 29 Within a long, deeply funk, narrow panel two angels floating in the air (in the manner of the early Chriftian farcophagi) fupport a central wreath, within which is the bull: of a female, clad in regal Byzantine robes and crowned. Beneath, in a long and narrow Roman label, are infcribed the words : — -h PERPETVAE SEMPER + AVGVSTAE Rude but very boldly executed. (^^0 ’54. 89. L eaf of a Diptych. Roman. 6th century. Original in Mus. Cluny, Paris. H. 12^ in., W. 4 in. Two compartments feparated from each other and furrounded by a foliated border with fmall fquare medallions (each inclofing a female head), each leaf containing the nearly identical figure of a warrior prince, crowned, and armed with a round fhield and long fpear, and ftanding upon a vanquifhed foe.^ Each wears a coat of mail extending on the arms only to the elbows, over which is a cloak faftened on the left fhoulder with a fibula ; the feet are fhod with fandals, and they have leggings over the calves of their legs, which are otherwife naked. Each is reprefented as {landing beneath a rich Byzantine rounded arch refling upon lateral columns, which in the upper compartment are twilled, and the lower fluted, with Corinthian capitals. In each of the upper angles is a gracefully curled leaf. Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, II. pi. 58, fig. i. (<^'^0 In addition to the 82 pieces above defcribed, cafls of the following objedls of the claflical period are defcribed in other divifions of this Catalogue, namely : — (^7.) The Zurich Pyx of Venus and Adonis. [b.) The Pyx of the youthful Bacchus. (c.) The Pyx with lion hunt (Darmfladt Mufeum). (d.) The Pyx with fcenes of the life of Achilles (Xanten). [e.) The Roman (or Anglo-Saxon) Comb (Colledlion Boockhe). {/.) The Roman Comb with Venus and the Graces (do.). (^.) The Roman Comb with the eagle and Ganymede (?). 1 The piece was probably executed in order to record the fimultaneous vi61:oiy gained by two princes of the Macedonian dynafty. They might be miftaken for the Byzantine warriors, Saint George and Theodore, but they have no nimbus, and their foes are mortal men and not demons. SECTION IL— EARLY CHRISTIAN (CHIEFLY ITALIAN) IVORIES, ’58. 8, 9. ’69. 60. 'O Leaves of a Diptych. Early Italian. 7th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Monza. Each leaf, H. in., W. si in- The two leaves of the diptych of Monza, forming the cover of a gradual ” of St. Gregory, written in gold and filver letters on purple vellum.^ Firft leaf, a figure in confular robes, wearing the lorum, feated on an elaborately ornamented feat, his feet refting on a large ornamented foot- ftool, his right hand raifing the mappa circenfis, and his left holding a fceptre terminating in a palm leaf ; the whole enclofed by columns with Corinthian capitals and a round arch at top furmounted with a Byzan- tine crofs, and an eagle in each upper angle. . The capitals are 1 This diptych has been cited as a proof that in the early ages, the drefs of the chief dignitaries of the Church was identical with that of the Confuls, an opinion not enter- tained by Catholic writers, who infift that this ivory was originally confular and fubfequently converted into an ecclefiaftical one; thus, Martigny, Di6l. d. Antiq. Chret., p. 217, fays, “ Ce diptyque avait ete confulaire, et il conferve encore la plupart des attributs denotant fa primitive deftination. Seulement on a ecrit au-deffus de I’un des confuls le nom de David et celui de S. Gregoire fous le fecond : une legere retouche faite au deux figures acheve tant bien que mal Tillufion j ainfi la toge brode du conful transforme en S. Gregoire a ete modifiee de fagon a reffembler a la penule ou chafuble, le fceptre aminci eft devenu une croix, enfin on a trace fur la tete la couronne clericale.” This opinion has alfo been expreffed by Gori, as well as by Melfrs. Oldfield and Digby Wyatt, but having carefully examined the diptych itfelf, with thisobje6l in view, I cannot entertain the idea of its having in any way under- gone alteration ; indeed, the whole ftyle of the defign and execution ftiows it to be very different from any known confular ivory. Its ornamentation is far more elaborate, although lefs graceful and with lefs of claffical tafte. The infcriptions are certainly not palimpfefts. r\^ Early Chrijlian Ivories. 31 furmounted by a label infcribed DAVID • REX the V and X being of the Anglo-Saxon form. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. pp. 201-218, pi. vi. Second leaf, a figure Handing beneath an arch fimilar to that of the other leaf, in confular robes, but with the head tonfured, the right hand raifed wjth the mappa circenfis, the left holding a fceptre furmounted with a Maltefe crofs, his feet refting upon an elaborately ornamented foot- ftool, on each fide of which is to be obferved a ribbon interlaced in the Anglo-Saxon manner. Over the two capitals is infcribed SCS GREGoR(ius) and on a llab above the head of the figure, the lines — + GREGORIVS PWL MERITIS ET NOMINE DIGNVS VNDE GENVS DVCIT SVMMVM CONSCENDIT HONOREM. The letters G S and C are of the angulated Anglo-Saxon form. The ornamentation of this diptych is far more elaborate than that of any confular diptych. Figured, Gorius, ut fupra, { 83 ^ 84 .) ’58. 56. ’65. 98, 99, 100, lOI. F ive Plaques, being portions of an Epifcopal Chair. Italian. 6th century. Original in the Sacrifty of the Cathedral of Ravenna. ’58. 56. H. 5 in., W. 6^ in. Portion of the celebrated chair of St. Maximinus, preferved in the facrifty of the Cathedral of Ravenna.^ Jofeph fold by his brethren. To the right beneath a flat-roofed building, fupported in front by a twifted column and foliated capital. Hand three of the brethren of Jofeph, the foremoft of whom is receiving money from the Egyptian merchant for his little brother Jofeph, who Hands near him befeechingly holding out his hands to him. To the left approach three Egyptians with long plaited hair hanging on their flioulders, one holding a long fpear in his left hand, his right filled with money held towards the brother of Jofeph. 1 A figure of the entire chair is given in Sommerard’s Des Arts au Moyen Age, but feveral of the plaques are wanting on the original chair. The ftill exifting plaques are carved on both faces, and in order to make the chair appear perfe6i:, Sommerard has figured both faces, thus filling up the vacant fpaces. There is a beautiful drawing of the chair in the Gallerie Ramboux in the Academy of Fine Arts at Dulfeldorf. 32 FiBile Ivory Cajis. A fecond Egyptian bearing a bow, and a third riding upon a well defigned camel, a fecond camel appearing in the background. This defign is carved within a funk panel, the figures being much fmaller and better defigned than thofe in the two pieces Nos. 88 and 89. (<^^0 ’65. 98. H. 5:^ in., W. 6f in. The meeting of Jofeph and Jacob. Here Jacob, old, blifid, with long flowing hair and beard, is fallen into the arms of his fon Jofeph, who is crowned with a jewelled coronet, and who throws his arms round his father’s fhoulders to the right fland three of the fons of Jacob in fhaggy coats, holding their fhepherds’ crooks and upraifed hands, and to the left, behind Jofeph, fland four warriors clad in helmets, holding fpears and fwords. A large circular fhield is alfo on the ground behind Jofeph. The defigns of this and the preceding piece are full of life, the execution bold and the draperies well arranged, although this is apparently by a different hand. '65. 99. H. 18 in., W. in. One of the upright bars of the epifcopal ivory chair of the Cathedral of Ravenna, containing the reprefentation of a branch of a vine fpringing from a vafe, arranged fo as to form a beautiful branching and foliated fcroll with bunches of grapes, and with admirably executed figures of a lion, flag, goat, and peacock v/ithin the fcrolls. (^7.) ’65. 100. H. 8-J in., W. 5 in. Above is an angel, with outff retched right hand, the firff, fecond, and fourth fingers extended, and with a long rod in the left hand, appearing in a dream to the fleeping Jofeph reclining on a large mattrefs-like bed (St. Matth. i. V. 20, not ii. v. 13). Below, the fame angel is holding the bridle of an afs, on which is feated the Virgin, reffing her right arm on the fhoulder of Jofeph, who walks by her fide holding her with his hands round the waiff. This has ftrangely been fuppofed by the editor of the third volume of Gorius to be an anachronifm, and to reprefent the flight into Egypt without the infant Saviour, efpecially taken in conjunc- tion with the vifion of the angel to Jofeph reprefented above, but it is impoflible to notice the figure of the Virgin without being convinced that it is intended here to reprefent the journey of Jofeph and Mary to Bethlehem juft previous to the birth of Chrift. The head and hair of the Virgin are treated exadlly as in the Berlin tablet, poji No. ///, whilft the head of Jofeph as completely reprefents the head of St. Peter with its ftrongly marked forehead and fhort curly beard feen in the companion Berlin piece, poJi No. iiO. At the top and bottom of this Early Chrtjlian Ivories. 33 piece are alfo borders of the Grecian ball and lozenge fret. The execu- tion is bold and very fpirited but rather coarfe, being, ho^vever, much fuperior to that of the Brera piece next defcribed. The other fide of this piece has a carving of the miracle of Cana, of which we have no caft. Both faces figured by Bandinius, “ In tubulam eburneam obferva- tiones,” Florence, 1746; alfo the journey to Bethlehem in Gorius, Thes. Dipt., IV. pi. xii. (the editor of which work was neither acquainted with the origin of the figure nor the work of Bandini). Figures of both fides, Munter Sinnbilder, pi. x. f. 53 and pi. xi. fig. 64. (^<^.) ’65. loi. H. 7I; in., W. 4-| in. ChrifI, healing the blind and lame, ftands on the left fide of the piece, young, beardlefs and nimblefs, with fhort curly hair and with fandals on His feet, holding a rod in His left hand with a Greek crofs at its top, and His right hand extended, touching with his forefinger the eye of a blind man Handing helpleflly before Him leaning on a flafF, clad in a chafuble of the ancient form ; behind Him ftands, leaning on a crutch, a lame man with a diftorted foot raifed in the way of Italian cripples, and with his right hand open as if in fupplication. In the background is feen the upper part of a figure intended apparently, for St. Paul, with a large circular nimbus, fhort hair, triangular beard, the right hand ele- vated and open, and holding a book with his left hand. It is impoffible not to be convinced of the complete fimilarity of this head to that of St. Paul in the Berlin tablet defcribed below. No. i iO, At the top and bottom of the piece is a narrow border with the Greek ball and tranfverfe lozenge fret, in the upper border moft of the balls are marked with a fmall impreffion in the middle, which is alfo feen in the fimilar borders of the Berlin piece. The workmanfhip is coarfe.^ (89) ’58. 55, 67, 68, 69, 70. T he top and four fides of a Cafket. Italian. 5th or 6th century. Original in the Biblioteca Quiriniana, Brefcia. Various fizes. 1 Having felt fully convinced that this piece formed part of the ivory chair at Ravenna (of which feveral of the plaques are wanting), I carried a caft of it with me when vifiting that city, and on comparing It with the reft of the chair, it was evident to myfelf and a number of the canons prefent that it was one of the loft pieces, I accordingly prefented them with my caft, which they gladly accepted. 30670. c 34 FiBile Ivory Cajis. ’58. 55. H. 7f in., W. 12 in. The cafket, of which this and the four following numbers form portions, is one of the moft important relics of early Chriftian art in exiftence. In its varied fcenes and in their admirable defign and moft careful execution, they recall to mind the fineft of the earlier Chriftian farcophagi. This is the top of the cafket, and is compofed of two long plaques with fcenes of the early portion of the Paflion of Jefus Chrift. In the lower: i. The Saviour, young, beardlefs, and without a nimbus, ftanding amongft trees in the garden of the Mount of Olives. 2. Chrift again confronting five male figures clad in tunics and bareheaded, without beards, who approach Him, each holding a torch and two of them holding large fliields (one oval and the other circular), with central boffes and ornamental carving. 3. St. Peter, aged and bearded, and with ftiort cut hair, ftanding before a fquare column, on the top of which ftands a cock, a female fervant is arguing with Peter. In the upper plaque : 4. Chrift, held by two attendants, is brought before Pontius Pilate and Herod feated on curule chairs. 5. Pilate feated on a wide couch and cuftiion on a raifed dais, with four attendants engaged in wafhing his hands, upon which a youthful attendant pours water out of a flagon, holding a bafin below. 6. Chrift led by two attendants towards Pilate. All thefe attendants, as well as Pilate him- felf, are clad in long cloaks, faftened on the right fhoulder with a circular fibula. Thefe figures are about three inches in height. The two plaques are feparated by a narrow band, along which feftoons of drapery are arranged with birds fitting on them. ipO.) ’58. 67. H. 8f in., W. 8| in. This portion forms one of the fides of the cafket, and is compofed of a central plaque furrounded by narrow borders containing fmall groups and furmounted by a piece containing, in funk circular panels, three bufts, of a youth, a middle-aged and an old man, excellently defigned. In the central part : i. The Saviour is twice reprefented, as in the preceding pieces, curing the blind man, who approaches Him helpleflly with down- ftretched arms, the Saviour touching his eyes. 2. The Raifing of Lazarus, who is reprefented like a child fwaddled, but with a cloak hanging behind him, ftanding at the door of a fmall temple, the fides of the entrance with twifted columns, and the fide of the temple with a cancellus. The temple is raifed and approached by a flight of fix fteps, as in many of the farcophagi. The Saviour touches the head of Lazarus with a long rod. The upper border reprefents : 3. Mofes ftanding on a rock taking off* his ftioe, the open hand of God appearing above. 4. The three Early Chrijiian Ivories. 35 children with outftretched arms, in the manner of the figures of the Orantes in the catacomb frefcoes, in the fiery furnace ; behind them ftand three attendants and one larger figure, probably intended for the angel. 5. Mofes Handing eredf in front of a mountain; an open book of the law lying on the ground before him ; above, in the clouds, a fmall head reprefenting Jehovah. This is quite an unique mode of treatment of this fubje£l, which is often feen amongft the fculptures of the farcophagi, in which, however, Mofes receives the law from the hand of God outftretched from a cloud. In the lower border are reprefented : 6. A group of ftieep (almoft identical in defign with fome of the Roman mofaics) amongft trees, approaching towards the next group (7), which confifts of Jacob and Rachel Handing on either fide of a large well, with a windlafs and rope. Jacob is here clad as a ftiepherd with a tippet upon his neck, exactly as feen on feveral of the Chriftian farcophagi, holding a long ftafF over his flioulder and with the legs ban- daged below the knee. (This fubjedf is doubtlefs here introduced as a type of the fcene of Chrift and the Woman of Samaria at the well.) 8. Jacob alfo with bandaged legs wreftling with the angel, reprefented without wings, and clad in a long cloak. To the right is feen a diminu- tive figure of Jacob afcending a ladder. In the left hand margin is fculptured : 9. A well-defigned olive tree, and on the right : 10. A fquare column with a fmall tree, over which hangs a pair of fcales fufpended from a wall by a nail. (i?/.) ’58. 68. H. 8|m.,W. 8 J in. This is the other fide piece of the calket, and confifts of a central plaque furrounded by narrow borders containing fmall groups, and furmounted by a piece with three fmall bufts in funk circular panels, one reprefenting a young man and the two others old bearded men. In the centre piece : i. Chrift raifes the dead daughter of Jairus, taking her by the hand. She is reprefented lying with the body propped up on a couch of elegant claflical form, the back part fupported by a curved bar in the fliape of a dolphin. At the back of the couch Hand a group of four females, with diftievelled hair, grief being well depidfed on their faces. In the upper border : 2. The death of the old prophet, the dead body of whom, fwaddled like a mummy, lies on the ground in the centre, with the afs Handing near, the lion alfo Handing to the right ( i Kings, xiii. v. 24) ; to the left his fon, as a warrior, armed with a fpear and fliield, and clad in a long cloak, ap- proaches, Hooping down towards the . body, followed by an attendant. To the right : 3. Elifha Handing at the fide of an altar, a flame defend- ing from above to confume his facrifice. In the lower border, two priefts 36 FiEtile Ivory Cajls. of Baal dancing before their altar, on which lies the gigantic head of an ox. Each prieft bears aloft a pair of long-handled cymbals in each hand. 4. To the right an agape or facred feaft (the Laft Supper ?), five perfons feated at a ferni-circular table covered with a richly embroidered cloth ; in front, a fmall round table, on which is a fifti furrounded by five fmall round cakes, marked with a crofs like our Good Friday hot crofs buns. The figure feated to the left holds out a cup to an attendant, who approaches with a wine flagon. On the left narrow border is fculptured : 5. A tall plain crofs, and on the right narrow border : 6. A tall candelabrum reft- ing on a tripod, with a lamp of the claflical form on the top. ’58. 69. H. 8^ in., W. 12^ in. The front of the cafket confifts of a large central plaque fur- rounded by narrower ones, with fcenes of Bible hiftory, and furmounted by a border containing five heads in circular funk panels. The centre one (over the lock plate) is rather larger than the others, and is evi- dently intended for the Saviour. It is quite juvenile, beardlefs, with the hair combed ftraight down (not parted) on the forehead, and with flowing ringlets at the fides of the head, and without any nimbus. The other heads are thofe of a young, a middle-aged, and two aged men ; one with a longer beard and bald head is moil probably intended for St. Paul. The centre piece contains: i. The noli me tangere. The youthful Chrifl reprefented as above, Handing with His right arm extended over the head of the Magdalene, kneeling to the left. 2. Chrifl Handing eredt holding a long wide fcroll in both hands furrounded by fix feated apoHles, within a temple, the wide opening to which is draped, with the curtains looped up at the fides and faHened to twiHed columns with foliated capitals. 3. ChriH as the Good Shepherd Handing beneath a rounded arch, fupported by fluted columns with ornamental capitals, from the back of which extends a walled enclofure, within which are a number of fheep. A rampant wolf on its hind legs is baying at ChriH. In the background the hireling is feen running off. In the narrow upper border : 4. Jonah caH out of a boat rowed by three men is partly fwallowed by a monHrous ferpent-like “ whale,” and 5. Jonah is thrown up by the fame monHer on dry ground. In the narrow lower border, to the left : 6. Sufanna Handing in the attitude of one of the Orantes, with open uplifted hands between two trees, the two elders approaching from behind the trees, one on each fide.^ In the middle : 7. Sufanna led by the two elders towards the ^ The fame fubjeH appears upon many of the Chriflian farcophagi, and has been aflumed to reprefent the female for whom the farcophagus was made, attended by two { 37 Early Chrijlian Ivories. judgment feat, on which Daniel is feated. To the right; 8. Daniel {landing naked with uplifted, outftretched hands between the two lions, who are feated quietly with their heads turned back looking towards him. In the left narrow upright border ; 9. A large filh hanging by a firing to a nail ; and in the right narrow upright border : 10. A fquare pillar with the cock of St. Peter {landing on the top of it. '58. 70. H. i2|- in., W. 8^ in. The back of the calket confiiling of a large central plaque furrounded by narrower ones, with fcenes of Bible hiftory, and furmounted by a border containing four circular concave panels, each containing an aged man’s head, probably intended for Apollles, but deftitute of an attribute. In the centre plaque: i. The youthful Chrift ftanding between two apoftles, with the hand of the P'ather defcending from above towards His head. The .three figures are reprefented Handing on what looks like water, but which is evidently intended for a cloud, the fcene doubt- lefs, therefore, reprefenting the Transiiguration, and being, I believe, an unique reprefentation of this fcene, which MelTrs. Northcote and Brownlow Hate is never found in early Chriftian fculpture. 2. The {lory of Ananias and Sapphira. To the left, St. Peter feated queflioning Sapphira {landing before him, with the bag of money laid at his feet. To the right, Ananias dying, carried off by four attendants. In the narrow upper border : 3. A female figure between two trees, with outftretched arms, in the attitude of one of the Orantes of the Catacomb frefcoes. 4. Jonah lying afleep under the gourd. 5. Mofes pointing to the brazen ferpent lifted up in the wildernefs, or it may rather be intended for Daniel feeding the dragon of the Apocrypha, a fcene which occurs on one of the Sarcophagi (Bottari, vol. i. pi. 19). In the narrow lower border : 6. Pharoah’s daughter with her female attendants difcovering the infant Mofes floating on the river. 7. Mofes contending with the Egyptian, who is reprefented falling down back- wards. 8. An agape (Mofes feafting his brethren ?) with five perfons feated at a femi-circular table with ornamented drapery ; in front on a fmall ftand is a large difh containing what looks like a bird truffed, with fmall round cakes, each marked with a crofs. To the left, an attendant carrying a flagon to an enormous velTel ftanding on three legs, having a fire apparently beneath it. male friends, or for a female faint in prayer, with two difciples, but the identification of the figure with Sufanna is here completed by the next fcene, where (he is led to judgment. An Italian calket of the 14th century with the ftory of Sufanna in detail is defcribed under Nos. 703~70J pojl. 38 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. On the left narrow border : 8. A tall fquare tower or campanile of four ftories, with a low conical roof like that of an Irifti round tower, the entrance at fome height from the ground, and three fmall fquare light-holes placed fingly. On the right hand narrow border ; 9. Judas hanging himfelf on a tree, fully clothed (and not in the difgufting manner of the 14th century). It will be at once perceived that in the mingling of fubjedls from the Old and New Teftament hiftories, and in the fmall fize given to fome of them as border pieces, we have the precife treatment feen on many of the early farcophagi. Many of the details alfo are quite claf- fical. Hence this calket may juftly be regarded as of the higheft importance as a very early work of art. Defcribed in Mittheilungen d. k.k. Central Commillion, vol. XVI. p. Ixvi, and regarded as of the 3rd or 4th century. (^^0 55- 13- HE Front and Back of a Book Cover. Italian. 6 th cen- tury. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Milan. ’55. 12. H. i5|in.,W. 12^111. The front of this grand book cover confifts of one central, two tranfverfe pieces (top and bottom), and two fide pieces, each of the two latter divided into three compartments. Arundel Soc. (IV. a). In the middle piece (8 in. by 4J in.) is reprefented in very low relief the entrance to a temple, flat at the top, refting on fquare fide columns with Corinthian capitals ; in the middle of this plaque is a broad wreath of flowers and fruit, with ribbons floating below, and in the centre of this wreath is affixed a lamb, formed of enamelled jewellery, with a circular nimbus or wreath flightly ornamented with leaves round its head, in very high relief. In the middle of the top tranfverfe piece is reprefented the birth of Chrifl: in a very realiftic manner under a ftied. The Virgin is feated to the right, Jofeph to the left, the Child lying on a fliield on the top of a brickwork manger, with the afs and ox llanding behind : no nimbus, no fl:ar, no angels, no fhepherds with their flocks. The Virgin preflbs her left hand againfl: the fide of her head. Jofeph fupports a vafe in his right hand. To the left is a rich wreath, in which is the bufl: of the angel of St. Matthew holding a book, with a plain circular nimbus round his head and fix wings, and to the right is the bufl: of the bull of St. Luke fimilarly fix-winged and nimbed within a correfponding wreath. Early Chrijlian Ivories. 39 In the middle of the tranfverfe piece at the bottom is the Murder of the Innocents. Herod feated to the left on a very ordinary fhapcd chair in armour, holding a fhield and fpear, with two guards fimilarly armed (the fhield round and ornamented). Before him are three attend- ants, one of them dafhing a child to the ground held in his upraifed hand, whilft another child is lying at his feet. Two females with difhevelled hair and upraifed hands rufhing in from the left. On either fide is a wreath, and within each is the buft of an aged man, moft pro- bably intended for SS. Matthew and Luke, but both quite alike (without nimbus or other attribute). On the piece at the left fide are three fcenes thus arranged in a defcending feries : i. A female in a jewelled drefs on her knees catching water in a vafe falling from a rock to the right, towards which an angel to the left is pointing. This fcene might eafily be confidered as intended for Hagar in the Defert (Genefis, xxi. V. 19), but Bugati has fatisfadlorily fhown that it is the reprefentation of the Annunciation as defcribed in the apocryphal Gofpel of St. James, publifhed by Fabricius in Cod. Apocr. Nov. Teftam., i. p, 91. “ Et accepta hydria, exiit haurire aquam ; et ecce vox dicens illi ‘ Ave gratia plena.’ ” 2. Three male figures in energetic attitudes, two of them pointing upwards towards a fmall ftar, evidently intended for the wife men (St. Matthew, ii. v. 2). 3. The Baptifm of ChrifI, young, naked, flanding up to His knees in a flream rufhing out of a rock to the left, the Baptift flanding to the right holding a crook in his left hand, his right hand placed on the head of Chrift, on which a dove defeends from above. On the piece at the right fide are alfo reprefented three fcenes, which are thus arranged in an afeending feries. 4. ChrifI riding to Jerufalem on an afs, two of the populace laying down their garments in his way, another behind the afs holds a palm branch. 5. A figure apparently intended for ChrifI, beardlefs and nimblefs, flanding in the centre expoflulating with a fmaller figure feated at the top of a flight of three fteps with plain fides, two other figures flanding and fitting to the right. At the fide of the feat are reprefented three obje6ls, two of which are long, flightly curved and gradually fharpened to the tip, and which appear to me to be identical with the objecSls (fafees?) held by one of the attendants in the Diptych of Flavius Aflurius, ante.^ No. 44 , Bugati regards this as reprefenting ChrifI feated difputing with the Dodlors in the Temple. I prefer to confider it as ChrifI before Pontius Pilate. The difputation would be out of place (if the pieces are interpreted either in an afeending or defcending feries). 40 Ft SI He Ivory Cajis. 6. A female apparently in the fame jewelled drefs as in No. i on the oppofite fide, ftanding eredl: to the left, near her an angel {landing and pointing upwards to a fmall flar, and to the right a fmall temple or fquare building with open front and fides refting on columns, and a curtain hanging folded at the fide at the door, at the top of a flight of fleps. This fcene is interpreted by Bugati as the vifit of one of the Maries to the Sepulchre early in the morning, the flar being that of the morning (St. John, xx. v. i). I can find no other interpretation for it in the apocryphal Gofpels. Each piece of the whole of thefe is furrounded by a narrow flightly incifed foliated border. The groups are finely arranged, and in many refpedls favour of antique treatment. This is efpecially the cafe with the fcene of the Murder of the Innocents. Figured, Bugati, Mem. floriche intorno le reliquie di S. Celfo con append, fopra un di dittico d. Chies. Metrop. di Milano, 1782, 4to.,and Oldfield’s Notices of Sculpture in Ivory, frontifpiece ; Labarte, Hifl. Arts Induflr., Album, Sculpt., pi. 6, ’ 55 - 13- H. 15! in., W. 12I in. Here, as in the front, are affixed together one central, two tranfverfe pieces (top and bottom), and two fide pieces, each of the two latter divided into three compartments. In the middle piece (8 in. by 4 J in.) is reprefented the entrance to a temple, flat at top, refling on fide columns with decorated capitals, with curtains looped at the fides in the ancient manner. Upon this plaque is affixed a jewelled crofs, con- taining 19 jewels and cameos in confiderable relief. In the middle of the upper piece is reprefented the Offering of the Magi. The Virgin with her head covered with a veil, but without a nimbus, is feated in a plain chair, holding the infant on her lap ; he has a fmall plain nimbus, and his right hand is extending towards the firfl of the three Magi, who as well as the third hold difhes in their hands filled with money or fruit, whilfl the middle one holds a cornucopia. At each end, within a rich circular wreath, are the bufls of the winged lion and eagle (both nimbed) holding books. At the left fide are: i. Chrifl nimbed (with one attendant) curing two blind men, who approach leaning on their flaves. 2. Chrifl, not nimbed, with an attendant, curing the paralytic, who is carrying his bed on his fhoulders. 3. Chrifl, not nimbed. Handing with a rod in His outflretched right hand, pointing towards the fwaddled figure of Lazarus Handing eredl at the entrance of a fmall temple with columns and capitals, approached by four Heps. Early Chrijiian Ivories. 41 Martha ftanding in the background, and Mary proftrate and embracing the foot of Chrift. On the right fide : 4. Chrift, with a circular nimbus, fitting on a globe marked with ftars. His hands extended, giving what appear to be two circular wreaths to two difciples (?), moft probably intended for SS. Peter and Paul, as in many early mofaics, ftanding on either fide of Him, who hold out their hands covered with a napkin to receive the gifts. 5. An agape, four perfons feated round a femi-circular table in the antique manner before a building with a fquare-headed opening ; on the table are difhes on which are a flfh and feveral fmall cakes marked with a crofs. This may be intended for Chrift (although not nimbed) with Lazarus and his two fifters, or a curtailed reprefentation of the Laft Supper, or the repaft of fifh and bread at which Chrift aflifted after His refurredlion (St. John, xxi. v. 9). 6. Chrift, nimbed, feated on a ftar- fpangled globe, before Him ftands a female with hand outftretched above a fquare coffer ftanding on three fmall balls, and two male figures near her. I fuppofe this is intended for the offering of the Widow’s Mite. It can hardly be intended for the Woman of Samaria. (It has alfo been fuggefted that the female may be the mother of Zebedee’s children and her two fons (St. Matth. xx. v. 21), or the Woman taken in Adultery brought before Chrift.) In the middle of the bottom piece is repre- fented the miracle of Cana. Chrift (not nimbed) with eight perfons ftanding round is pointing with a wand to one of three great water pots, into which an attendant is pouring water from a large amphora, pointed at the bottom, carried on his fhoulder. At each end is the buft of an aged man furrounded by a circular wreath, poftibly intended for the two evangelifts, whofe fymbols are feen on the top piece, both exadfly alike, and alfo quite refembling thofe of No. without any nimbus or other attribute. Each piece is furrounded by a narrow foliated border of very fhallow workmanfhip. Thefe groups are well arranged, and evidently executed by the fame hand as thofe of the preceding piece. Figured, Bugati, ut fupra. ’73. Z7 a, b, c. T hree Plaques, probably part of a Cafket. Italian. 6th or 7th century. Originals in the 'South Kenfington Mufeum, Nos. 149 c. ’66.- Mafkell Catalogue, p. 67. L. 6 in., 10 in., and 10 in. Each plaque, H. if in. 42 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. Thefe three plaques are of an early period, and appear to me to have been executed by the artift of the great Milan book cover, with which they agree in feveral important refpedts, one of which is the nearly identical narrow foliated border of the different plaques. The fubjedls have not hitherto been fatisfadlorily determined ; they, however, clearly reprefent the early fcenes of Gofpel Hiftory. In the firft long piece are a feries of figures which have been fup- pofed to reprefent the vifit of the Women to the Sepulchre. At firft I confidered them to be intended for the hiftory of Sarah and Hagar and her fon ; the abfolute identity, however, of the firft group with the firft fmall group of the Milan book cover, defcribed above, gave the clue to the real interpretation of the piece. The Virgin, as defcribed in the apocryphal Gofpels, is furprifed whilft catching water ftreaming out of a rock, by the vifit of the Archangel of the Annunciation. The next fcene is Jofeph lying afleep accofted by the angel, whilft the Virgin, whofe condition is clearly fliown, is ftanding near, with her attendant. We have next the meeting of Elizabeth and Mary, the houfe of Zachariah, and a City of Juda,” reprefented by a building with two tall flender campanile-like towers ; the condition of Elizabeth, who wears a large cloak, is alfo clearly delineated. The right hand group is intended for Mary (for ftie is reprefented thrice in identical clothing) departing from the houfe of Zachariah, whilft Zachariah himfelf, holding a book and a ftyle, approaches a fmall temple, fimilar to one repre- fented on the Milan book cover. An angel ftands between thefe two figures directing the attention of the Virgin upwards. There is no authority for this addition to the hiftory as given in the Gofpel of St. Luke, as it cannot poflibly be intended for the Holy Ghoft infpiring Zachariah, although it may be intended for the fulfilment of the Arch- angel’s promife to revifit Mary, recorded in the apocryphal Gofpels. In the fecond long piece are reprefented the three wife men of the Eaft gazing in wonder at the ftar, fhown as in the Milan book cover on the upper ornamented border, the firft of thefe three figures being identical with the defign of the fame fcene in the Milan piece. In the centre is the fcene of the Nativity, and at the right end are the three Magi offering their gifts to the infant Chrift, feated on His mother’s lap, both fcenes being identical in every detail with the fame fubjedls on the Milan book cover, even to the double carpenter’s faw held by Jofeph. The objedls offered on a large difti by the firft of the Magi have the appearance of, but they can fcarcely be, fifties ; they may be intended for fmall cornucopiae, one of larger fize being held by the central figure (looking back towards the third) in the Milan piece. Rarly Chrijiian Ivories. 43 The fhort piece is devoted to the miniftration of the Baptifl (St. Matthew, ch. iii.). To the left are feveral figures leaving a building (v. 5-7). In the middle are two figures, one of whom is ftriking a tree with a long implement (probably an axe, illuftrating v. 10), and to the right is the Baptifm ofChrifl: (v. 13-17) reprefented very archaically, the River Jordan iflliing from an urn held by a feated aged figure, who holds a large branch over each fhoulder. The Saviour is reprefented quite like a little child, over whofe head the dove is defcending. The Baptift holds his long curved ftaff over his fhoulders. [ 97 - 99 ,) OUR Panels, poffibly portions of a Cafket. Italian. X 7th century. Originals in the collection of M. Micheli. Each plaque, H. in., W. in. 1. Chrifl: healing the blind. The Saviour is young and beardlefs, with flowing hair, and deftitute of a nimbus, holding a fhort rod in His left hand with a fmall Greek crofs at the end of it. Behind Him Itands an apoftle, and in front the blind man approaches leaning on a flaff, his eyes being touched by the outftretched finger of Chrifl. The border is quite plain and the fculpture in confiderable relief. 2. The fcene of the cure of the paralytic. Here the Saviour holds His robe with His left hand and His crofs in His right hand, which He extends towards the paralytic (who is reprefented flill younger than Chrifl), and who is walking away bearing his bed on his fhoulders above his head. 3. The raifing of Lazarus. The Saviour is in the fame attitude as in the lafl deferibed piece, whilfl Lazarus in a fentry-box-like cell flands upright fwathed like a mummy. Two difciples, one with hand upraifed in furprife, fland behind the Saviour. 4. Chrifl healing the Woman with the bloody flux, who is kneeling before Him with her right open hand raifed up, and her left holding the bottom hem of His garment; Chrifl, with the body more bent forward than in the three preceding pieces, touches her forehead with the firfl finger of His right hand, the left hand holding the flender flem of the crofs. A difciple flands behind Chrifl holding a roll, and another above the figure of the female. Thefe four pieces are entirely in the manner of the Chriflian far- cophagi, and may have been affixed to a book cover. [i00-i03.) 44 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. ’58. 179^, h , c , d . F our Plaques of ftained red ivory. Italian. 5th to 8th century. Originals in the Britifh Mufeum. Each^ H. 4 in.3 W. 3 in. Thefe four pieces are portions of a fet by the fame artift, carved in very deep relief fo that fome of the figures are almofl: entirely undercut, they are very fhort and robufi: but fpirited, and partake much of the character of the finefl of the Chriftian farcophagi. I. Chrift, young and beardlefs, with a plain nimbus, indicated by a circular incifed line round the head, (lands on a fmall hillock. His open left hand raifed upwards, in argument with four male figures without any attributes to diftinguifli them, who might be fuppofed to reprefent the Doctors in the Temple or the four Evangelifts, the fourth (to the right) being young and beardlefs, pofiibly reprefenting St. John. The Abbe Barbiere de Montault confiders this piece to reprefent the incredulity of St. Thomas, the figure Handing on the right fide of Chrift extending the forefinger of his right hand towards His right fide being intended for the doubting apoftle. Chrift, however, is reprefented fully clothed up to the neck, but there is either a deep fold in the garment or it may be a Hit in the clothes under His raifed right arm, through which the wound might be feen. 2. Pilate feated on a throne to the left waftiinghis hand, over which the water is poured by an attendant from a vafe into a bafin. In the middle, Chrift, young, beardlefs, and nimblefs, carrying his crofs, urged forward by a foldier in a flat-topped cap. To the right, St. Peter feated, warming himfelf at a fmall chafing difti of coals refting on feet formed like kneeling figures, and aftonilhed at the aftertion of the female fervant, who points her finger at him, the cock in a fpirited attitude Handing in the upper angle of the piece. 3. To the left, Judas hanging himfelf from a tree, his body wrapped in his cloak ; under his feet the bag with the money falling out of its mouth. To the right, the Crucifixion. Chrift quite upright, with a flight napkin tied round the waift, beardlefs, with a circular plain nimbus, feet apart without a fcabellum. Titulus fixed over the head of Chrift infcribed in well-formed Roman capitals REX IVD. (the King of the Jews). On the right fide ftands Longinus in a very fpirited attitude with his right hand raifed over his head in the a6l of piercing io Ei^hlli Cnitury. 45 Early Chriftian Ivories. with great violence^ the left fide of Chrift with the fpear; now nearly broken away j on the left fide ftand the Virgin and St. John, the former entirely wrapped (except the face) in her cloak. 4 . The two Maries at the Sepulchre, which is reprefented as a fmall quadrangular building with a circular dome rifing from its flat roof, which is fupported on either fide upon rounded columns with flightly foliated capitals. The doorway of the Sepulchre is fquare-headed, clofed by two doors ; one door remains with a large knocker formed of a lion’s head in the middle, above which is a panel with a very dimi- nutive reprefentation of Chrift raifing the mummy-like body of Lazarus, and below the knocker is another panel on which is reprefented a feated weeping female (Mary) 5 the other door was more open, and has been broken off accidentally, but the lower part fhows portion of a panel with a correfponding weeping female figure (Martha). Within is feen part of a farcophagus, ornamented with ftrigils ; on the other fide fits a foldier afleep refting on his large round fhield and holding a long fpear, and above them are feated the two Maries dreffed as in the fcene of the Crucifixion, each with one hand raifed to the face, the attitude of grief. Thefe four pieces are photographed in Mr. Parkers feries by Simelli. (104-107,) ’ 54 - S7- T he two fides of a Book Cover. Italian. 5th, 6th, or- 7th century. Original in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. Each fide, H. 14^ in. by ii^. The front : i. In the centre, Chrift as aged with a long beard, deftitute of nimbus, feated on a Byzantine throne between SS. Peter ^ This is quite a unique mode of treating this folemn event, refpe£ling vs-hich Mrs. Jamefon obferves (Hift. of Our Lord, ii. 163), We can recall no example in which the appearance of undue violence is feen. In this refpeft art has not been led away by the vifions of St. Brigitta, who reports the fpear to have been thruft fo violently that it went through the Saviour’s body and buried itfelf in the w-ood of the Crofs.” St. John, who alone records the fa6l of the piercing of the fide of Chrift, and the ftory of St. Thomas, does not mention which was the fide pierced. In almoft ever)’ inftance in early art it is His right fide j very rarely, however, we fee the left fide, the heart’s blood being thus mingled with the rvater, and thus in the fculptures before us if No. i be intended for the incredulity of St. Thomas, it is the left fide which muft have been pierced, and it would clearly be a reafon for doubting the corre6lnefs of the learned Abbe’s fuggeftion if in the fcene of the Crucifixion, No. 3, it was not the right fide which was fo violently pierced by the fpear of Longinus. 4-6 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. and Paul, His right hand raifed in the ad: of benedidion (the firft and fecond fingers only extended), the left hand holding a book. 2. Above, two angels floating in the air fupport a circular wreath enclofing a Byzantine crofs. At the left fide are reprefented : 3. Chrifl: healing the blind man. 4. Chrifl curing the paralytic, who is bearing his bed. At the right fide : 5. Chrifl pardoning the woman with the bloody flux, who kneels before Him. 6. Chrifl curing the demoniac, who bends in adoration before Him. At the bottom : 7. Chrifl with the woman of Samaria at the well ; and 8. Chrifl raifing Lazarus. In all thefe fcenes (except the firfl) Chrifl is reprefented young and beardlefs, deflitute of the nimbus, but bearing the crofs. The figures are very rudely executed (“ tres lourd,” Labarte), but entirely in the flyle of the Roman Chriflian Sarcophagi of the 4th and 5th centuries. Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, vol. II. pi. 10, 12. The back: i. In the centre, the Virgin feated, holding the infant Saviour on her left arm. His right hand raifed in the a6l of benedi£lion and His left hand holding a crofs ; two angels fland at the fides of the Virgin. Above: 2. Two angels fupporting a wreath and crofs as on the other fide. On the right fide : 3. The meeting of Jofeph and Mary. 4. The journey of Jofeph and Mary to Jerufalem ; fhe is reprefented riding on an afs, fupported by Jofeph. On the left fide, 5 : I'he Annunciation. 6. The Vifitation of Mary to Elizabeth. 7. The Entry of Chrifl, riding on an afs, into Jerufalem, the people firewing branches and clothes in the way. Thefe defigns are executed upon diflindl plaques, the work being very rude but fpirited, none of the figures are nimbed. The flyle is fimilar to that of the ruder Sarcophagi and Roman ivory pyxides. Several of the defigns agree with thofe of the plaques in the Ivory Chair of Ravenna. Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, 11 . pi. 9, ii. i09.) ’55. 10, u. T wo Tablets (parts of a Book Cover ?). Italian. 6th or 7th century. Originals in the Kunfl Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz, iii. b. i, 2.) Each tablet, H. iij in., W. si in. Thefe are two very remarkable pieces, being identical in defign with, but infinitely more fkilful in execution than the central portions of the Early Chrijlian Ivories. 47 two parts of the great book cover of the Paris Library laft above defcribed. 1. In the centre is feated a figure eight inches high of Jefus Chrift, reprefented, quite unufually, as more than middle-aged, with long flowing hair and a conical beard, without a nimbus, holding a large jewelled book on His knee with His left hand, His right hand railed as high as His breafl in the adf of benediction, the firfl: and fecond fingers alone being extended upwards and the palm of the hand turned towards the fpeCIator. His feet wearing fandals reft on a footftool, and He is feated on a curule chair with lions’ heads and feet and a large cufhion. On either fide of Him are feen the heads and the upper parts of the bodies of two male figures, evidently intended for SS. Peter and Paul, neither of whom are nimbed ; St. Peter to the left with a high fully developed forehead and fhort firaight hair, not tonjured.^ and with a fhort curly beard, his right hand railed and open, and St. Paul,^ with long ftraight conical beard like that of Chrift. Above the head of Chrift is a rounded ornamented arch, refting at the Tides on Corinthian capitals, between which extends a rod, from which is fufpended a curtain by rings, and beneath the arch is a large fhell, the upper edge of the arch is orna- mented with a feries of fcallops tipped with fmall balls, and in the upper angles of the piece (outfide the arch) are bufts of Sol (as Apollo) with a feven-rayed crown holding a rod, round which is twined a ribbon, and of Luna crowned with a crefeent (as Diana) and holding a flaming torch. The figure of Chrift is robuft and more like the ordinary treatment of the Father than the Son ; the faces of the apoftles are exceedingly charaCteriftic. The ledge of the chair and a bottom bar beneath the footftool are ornamented with the ball and tranfverfe lozenge Greek fret, and on the latter is a large raifed capital C. The only ivory fculptures which I have feen which at all remind me of the treatment of this fingular piece (and its companion) are the ffanding figures of St. John and the Evangelifls affixed to the Ivory Chair of Ravenna. Figured, Didron, Annales Archeol., vol. XVIII. tab. opp. p. 301. The obfervations of this author on the doubtful authenticity of this and the companion piece are noticed in my Introdudfion. 2. In the centre is feated the Virgin, of graceful form, but with a face almoft circular, the hair not vifible, being faflened in a clofe fitting cap which is covered by a veil, which extends over her fhoulders and ^ This figure of St. Paul greatly relembles the difciple feen in the Brera piece, ante No. §9- 48 FtEiile Ivory Cajis. hangs down below her elbows with a fringed border. The Holy Child, with a very chubby face and curly hair, but without a nimbus, is fitting on her lap holding a roll in the left hand and His right hand raifed in benedidlion, as in the companion tablet. On either fide of the Virgin is feen an angel with curly hair faftened round with a band, with a cloak faftened by a brooch on the right fhoulder. The one to the left with the open right hand raifed, and the other to the right holding a globe. The execution of thefe figures is extremely careful, the features of the angels efpecially are admirably fculptured, although fomewhat too robuft. The bottom border of the piece is marked like the companion piece with a raifed letter C. {^^ 0 , / / /.) ’58. 63, 263, T WO Leaves of a Diptych. Italian. 5th or 6th century. Originals in the colledllon of M. Carrand. Each, H. 1 in., W. in. I. Adam feated naked on the ground on the upper part of the piece holding the branch of a tree with his left hand. The remainder of the ivory is occupied with animals of various kinds, admirably defigned and carved, amongft which are the lion and lionefs, leopard, eagle, fparrow, bear, elephant, wild boar, horfe, lizard, goat, ferpent, flag and young, Iheep, ox, and even a diminutive graffhopper. The fcene appears to me, therefore, intended to reprefent the naming of the beafts by Adam in Paradife, indicated by the four flreams gufhing out of the rock at the bottom of the piece. The Rev. Wharton Marriott faw in it the entry of the Serpent into Paradife. 2. Three fcenes of the life of St. Paul. i. St. Paul, aged, with a long triangular beard, holding a roll in his left hand, raifes the right hand in benedidlion with the firfl and fecond fingers extended ; he is feated on a curule chair ; in front of him ftands a fhort flout male figure holding a book, and behind him, leaning on the chair, ftands another middle-aged male figure, without a beard, alfo holding a roll. The firft of thefe is confidered by Mr. Marriott to reprefent Pope Linus, and the fecond, St. Peter. 2. St. Paul, at Melita, (landing on the left fide fliaking the viper off his hand into the fire (A6ts, xxviii. v. 5). In the centre ftands the ruler with upraifed right hand clad in a large cloak, on which is marked the large lozenge-fhaped lati-clavus, and which is faftened on the right fhoulder with a large Roman fiddle-fhaped fibula. This is evidently 49 Early Chrijlian Ivories. intended for Publius, the chief man of the ifland (A6ts, tb. v. 7), behind whom ftands a tall older man with a pointed beard holding a fhort fword, polTibly intended for the father of Publius cured by St. Paul {tb. V. 8), with his right hand raifed and open in furprife. 3. To the left ftands a miferably attenuated male figure fupported by an attendant, and to the right ftand two other male figures, one older in a cloak and troufers with a pointed beard, and with his right hand raifed, pointing with the forefinger upwards, the other, younger and beardlefs. We have evidently here the curing of the cripple of Lyftra by St. Paul (Adis, xiv. v. 10), the two figures to the right being, as I fuppofe, Paul (Mercurius) and Barnabas (Jupiter, v. 12), notwithftand- ing the difference in the appearance of St. Paul as feen here and in the two other fcenes. Some time, however, muft be fuppofed to have elapfed between the events recorded in the 14th and 28th chapters of the A(fts. This piece was confidered by Mr. Marriott to date from ‘‘ not later than the clofe of the 4th century, and there are many grounds for afcribing it to a confiderably earlier date.” The figures are admirably defigned and as fkilfully carved, with the draperies arranged in natural folds, and the features very cleverly individualized, efpecially thofe of St. Peter and Linus, the latter of whom bears confiderable refemblance to Martin Luther. Figured, Denon, Monuments des Arts du Deflin, t. 1 . pi. 38 ; photograph in Marriott, Veftiarium Chriftianum. {'^'^2, H3.) ’73. sSa, b. T WO Leaves of a Diptych. Italian. 6th or 7th century. Originals in the colledlion of the late T. Bateman, Efq., Yolgrave, Derbyfhire. Each, H. 13 in., W. 5J in. Large coarfe work fimilar to and probably by the fame hand as the Great Book cover of the Gofpels in the Paris Library [ante Nos. I08y i09). I. Above, Chrift, beardlefs and of the juvenile type, without a nimbus, holding a crofs in His left hand and His right hand raifed in the acft of benedidlion, with the firft and fecond fingers alone extended, ftands at the left fide, the Woman of Samaria, drawing up a bucket of water with a rope round a windlafs from a well within an architectural frame to the right. Below are two ftanding figures 8J inches high re- prefenting two of the Evangelifts (?) between columns with ornamented capitals. They are deftitute of nimbi, old and bearded, each holds a 30670. D 50 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. book with the left hand, the one to the left having his right hand raifed in benediction in the Greek manner, the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers being extended. They are not individually diftinguiftied by any attribute, and wear ftockings and ftioes. The figure to the right holds the book with his left hand covered, the hanging fleeve marked with a letter like a reverfed N. (/ / 4 .) 2. Above, Chrift is reprefented as in the other leaf, curing the paralytic, who carries his bed on his back, an aged difciple ftanding to the right. This defign is completely in the ftyle of the more rudely executed Chrif- tian farcophagi, where the fame fubjeCt is often reprefented. Below are two aged figures, probably intended for the two other Evangelifts, corre- fponding in fize with thofe of the other leaf, both bearded and holding books in their left hands, that of the left hand figure being covered and the hanging fleeve marked with a letter like an L turned upfide down T[.^ The books held by all four are ornamented with an eight-rayed ftar, each ray with a fmall crofs-bar at the end. They are draped and their feet wear ftioes and ftockings as in the other leaf. The right hand figure has the right hand elevated in the aCl: of benediClion in the Greek manner, whilft in the left hand figure it is in the Roman manner, with only the firft and fecond fingers extended. (// 5 .) ’ 65 - 93 - F ront of a Book Cover in eight compartments. Italian. 6th or 7th century. Original in the Public Mufeum of Ravenna. H. 14 in., W. 12 in. This book cover was originally in the Convent of St. Michael in the ifland of Murano near Venice. It is formed of eight plaques, i. At the top two angels fupport a circular wreath enclofing a Byzantine crofs. At each end ftands a fmall figure clad in a confular robe marked on the breaft with the lati-clavus, bearing a globe in one hand and a long flender crofs in the other. 2. In the centre, Chrift feated beneath a Byzantine canopy attended by four apoftles. His right hand raifed in the adf of benediction. 3. Beneath, the three children in the fiery furnace, an angel to the left ftaying the fury of the flames with a crofs. To the left : 4. Chrift raifing Lazarus, fwathed like a mummy in a cafe. 5. Chrift healing the paralytic, who carries his bed on his ftioulders. To the right : 6. Chrift healing the blind ; and 7. Chrift healing the demoniac bound with cords. In all thefe groups Chrift is reprefented of the ^ Such like marks occur on the robes of many of the Saints in the great mofaics of Rome and Ravenna. ■ Early Chrijlian ^Ivories. 51 juvenile beardlefs type, without a nimbus, and bearing a fmall crofs. At the bottom, Jonah call out of the fhip to the whale, and Jonah lying alleep under a gourd. The defign and execution of the whole is extremely rude, and recalls to mind the work of the worft executed of the Chrillian farcophagi. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. p. 41 ; Labarte, Hill. Arts Indullr., text, Sculpt. (//^.) ’58. 52- F ront of a Book Cover. Italian. 6th to 8th century. Original in the Vatican Library. H. of the call, 13^ in., W. 10 in. This book cover, which is one of the moll important fpecimens of early Chriftian art, conlills of live plaques, and is affixed to Codex Palat. Vatican, No. 50, formerly belonging to the Abbey of Lorch. At the top, two angels floating in the air fupport a circular difc having a richly jewelled Byzantine crofs in the centre, in the manner of the early Chrillian farcophagi. In the centre, an admirable figure of the youth- ful Chrill, 7 J inches high, trampling the lion and afp under His feet, Handing beneath an ornamented rounded arch relling on Corinthian capitals and fluted columns. The head is furrounded with a cruci- ferous nimbus, the right hand is raifed in the adl of benediction and the left one holds a book ; on either fide Hands an angel of the fame fize as the central figure, holding a fcroll in the right hand and a long fceptre in the leH. At the bottom two groups of fmall figures, the three wife men in long cloaks and Phrygian caps Handing before Herod, and their offering to the Virgin and Child, the Har over the head of the latter; the Virgin with a plain nimbus is feated on a large chair holding the Child on her knee, the latter, with the cruciferous nimbus, extends His hands to receive the offering of the firH of the vifitors. The work throughout is admirable, and the draperies well arranged in many folds. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt,, III, p. xxxii. t. iv, ; ForHer, Denk- male Deutfch. KunH., v. 9, ’58. 66. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. 8th to 9th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum, DarmHadt. H. 9J in., W. 3^ in. A copy, indifferently executed, of the angel in the right hand panel of the great Vatican book cover laH defcribed. {ii 8 ) 52 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. ’73- 29. F ront of a Book Cover. Italian. 6th to 8th century. Original in the South Kenhngton Mufeum (138. '66). Malkell Catalogue, p. 53. H. 15 in., W. loj in. Five plaques. The central one with the Virgin and Child ; on the right and left panels two aged male figures ; at the top are two angels floating in the air fupporting a circular tablet with bufl: of the youthful Chrift blefling, with the firfl: and fecond fingers extended. At the bottom, the fcene of the Nativity, with the angel appearing to the three furprifed fhepherds. Although extremely fimilar in general arrangement and details to the Great Vatican book cover (No. //7), I can readily adopt the opinion of Mr. Malkell that the two were never intended for the cover of the fame manufcript. The central fide panels of the Vatican piece are three quarters of an inch fhorter than thofe of the South Kenfington one ; the two angels being alfo fhorter than the two prophets of the latter. There is alfo confiderable difference in the treatment of fome of the draperies, that of the Virgin and Child being cut into more numerous and narrower deep folds ; the fmall figures in the lower plaque of the South Kenfington Mufeum are alfo more elaborately finifhed than thofe of the Vatican piece. On the other hand, there is an identity in the peculiar treatment of the eyes and eye- lids of the principal figures, as well as a curious mode of treating the folds of the drelfes feen on the thighs of feveral of the chief male figures. The Chrift feated on His mother’s knee extends His firft, fecond, and fourth fingers in benedidlion in the fame way as the Vatican Chrift, and the ornament of fome of the arches is identical in both ivories. The probability, therefore, feems to be that the two ivories were not fculptured at the fame time, although it is not improbable that the South Kenfington Mufeum piece formed the front of the book cover of the Gofpels of SS. Matthew and Mark (now loft), as the Vatican piece is ftill ufed for the cover of the Gofpels of SS. Luke and John. Photograph in Mafkell Cat., ut fupra. {H9.) ’58. II, 13. T WO Leaves of a Diptych. 9th or loth century. Original in the Treafury of the Bafilica of San Ambrogio, Milan. Each leaf, H. 12 ^ in., W. 4-J in. Early Chrijiian Ivories. 53 Two leaves of the diptych of the Church of San Ambrogio of Milan. Firft leaf. Scenes of the Paffion. Chrift, of the juvenile type, wafliing the feet of one of His difciples, of whom the twelve are prefent. Chrift dragged from the tribunal of Pilate, who, feated beneath a rounded arch, wafhes his hands. Judas bringing back the money to the chief ruler, who rejects it. Judas hanging himfelf (not treated in the repulfive French manner of the 14th century). The foldiers, with round fhields and fpears, watching the Sepulchre, reprefented as a fmall circular temple with a ftiort conical roof. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. p. 267, pi. 33 ; D’Agincourt, Sculpt., pi, xii. fig. 18; Didron, Annales ArcheoL, vol. XXII. p. 18. { 120 .) Second leaf. Scenes of the Paftion. The two Maries at the tomb (St. Matth. xxviii. v. 1-4), the door of which is open, with the angel (without wings) feated by its fide, the guards rufhing away. Chrift appearing to the two kneeling Maries. Chrift appearing to the eleven difciples, and the Incredulity of St. Thomas. The architecture in this diptych is round arched, the trees naturally treated, and the aClions fpirited, but the figures too ftiort. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. p. 267, pi. 34 ; Didron, Annales ArcheoL, vol. XXII. p. 193 ; Labarte, Hift. d. Arts Induftr., Album, Sculpt., pi. 13. { 121 .) 30. P ORTION of a Plaque. Italian ? 9th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 6 in., W. 3 in. This plaque is partially injured, and is in two compartments, i. A figure (half cut away) ftanding on the top of a fmall mountain (probably intended for the Sermon on the Mount). To the right, a group of eleven figures (apoftles ?) approach in the attitude of hafte towards the former, the foremoft ones with outftretched hands covered with their hanging cloaks, as in fome of the Roman mofaics (Ciampini, pis. 39 and 49). Below, an aged male figure, with a circular nimbus, ftands in front of a Roman temple with tall columns, feveral other fmaller figures ftanding round, but the outer ones are much injured and cut away (Chrift driving out the money changers ?). { 122 .) ’55* 31* P ORTION of a Plaque. Italian ? 9th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 6 in., W. in- 54 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. This portion of an injured plaque is divided into two compart- ments and reprefents the ftory of Abner and Joab (2 Sam. ii.). In the upper are four male figures Handing in converfation, clad in cloaks faftened with brooches on the right fhoulder ; with long fpears and rounded fhields. Beneath them, a group of twelve warriors feated on the ground fimilarly armed, and with caps terminating in a point on their heads ; beneath them is a lake, on which is a boat with a fail and oars, and various water fowl ; on the near fhore of which is infcribed “ LACV GAB AON ” (the pool of Gideon, 2 Samuel, ii. 19). Thefe groups of figures are defigned quite in the ftyle of the drawings in the great Bibles of Charles Le Chauve of the 9th century. (/^5.) ’73* 30. P LAQUE. Italian? loth century? Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin (Reprod. Verz. iii. b, 157). H. 4^ in., W. loj in. Ten fcenes of the Creation to the Fall of Man, each i J inch fquare, feparated by highly ornamented borders of ftar-like defigns. i. Buft of the Saviour with cruciferous nimbus as Creator, within a circle and the A and n* In the centre two circles infcribed LVX and TEN (ebrae) ; below, the fpirit of God as a dove brooding over the face (literally) of the waters. 2. The Creator feated, worfhipped by a hofi: of angels. 3. The Creator feated, calling the vegetable world, typified by a very conventional tree, into exiftence. 4. The Creator feated, with two attendants, placing the fun and moon in the heavens. 5. The creation of fowls and fifties. 6. The creation of man. 7. The creation of woman. 8. The ferpent twined round the tree of know- ledge, with Adam and Eve. 9. God calling to Adam and Eve hiding behind a tree. 10. An angel driving Adam and Eve out of Paradife. The figures are fmall and rudely defigned, but in deep relief. (/^^.) ’58. 93. P LAQUE. Italian. 9th or loth century. Original in the Chrillian Mufeum of the Vatican. H. 9J in. W. 4f in. A large figure of the Saviour, rudely defigned, fully clothed, feated upon a Byzantine ftool and cuftiion, with a fhort beard and long VI, FRONT OF BOOK COVER. Italian. Nijith or Tenth Century. No. ’54. 58. (p. 55.) 55 Early Chrijiian Ivories. flowing hair and a cruciferous nimbus, the bars of which are infcribed with the letters REX. The Saviour holds a book, infcribed EGO SU RESURRECCIO ET VITA, with the left hand, the right hand bellowing the benedi6lion ; the whole within a large oval aureole, fupported at the upper angles by two fix- winged angels, in- fcribed CHERUBIN and SERAPHIN. Beneath, the aureole is fupported by an angel with expanded wings, and at the lower angles are two faints, infcribed S. GERVASIVS and S, PTASIVS. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. pi. 9. {125.) ’ 54 - 58. F ront of Book Cover. Italian. 9th or 10th century. Original in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, H. 8 in., W. 5 in. This is a very important monument of early Chriftian art. In the large central compartment is a beautiful figure of the Saviour of the youthful type, with long flowing hair and a cruciferous nimbus, tread- ing down the lion, ferpent, dragon and young lion (Pfalm xci. v. 13). In His right hand he holds a crofs over his fhoulders, and in His left hand an open book infcribed IHS. XPS SUP(er) ASP(idem). The drapery is rather fluttering. Around this chief figure are twelve fmall compartments furrounded by borders ornamented with claflical mouldings and pilafters, and containing reprefentations of the earlier fcenes of the Gofpel hillory. (Probably the other part of the cover, now lofl, contained the later events, with the Crucifixion, in the centre.) I. The prophet Ifaiah llanding by a tree holding a fcroll infcribed ECCE VIRG(o) CONCI(piet) (Is. vii. 14) in Roman capitals, the C and G being of the angulated form. 2. The Salutation of the Archangel Gabriel. The Virgin (with an attendant {landing by an archite6lurally defigned erecSlion) feated with upraifed open hands, the Archangel with a long rod having juft reached the ground, his wings ftill partly extended. 3. The Birth of Chrift. Jofeph feated at the bottom to the right, the Virgin feated on the bed to the left; the Infant lying in fwaddling clothes on the manger, with the heads of the ox and afs to the right. 4. The three Magi offering their gifts to the Saviour, feated on His mother’s knees. 5. Herod commanding the flaughter of the children, one of whom lies dead at his feet, whilft another (larger than its mother, who ftands near with uplifted hands) is held up by an attendant, who is about to dafti it to the ground. 6. The Baptifm of Chrift, reprefented as a naked youth, in the river Jordan, 56 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. which is flowing out of a rock to the right ; the Baptifl:, an aged figure to the left, places his right hand on the head of the Saviour, over whom hovers the holy dove with rays fpringing from its beak. 7. The firfl: miracle at the marriage feaft in Cana. Chrift commanding the fervant to fill the fix water-pots with water. 8. Chrifl: afleep in the fhip awakened by His three difciples. 9. Chrifl: refloring to life the ruler’s daughter (Matth. ix. v. 25), who is lying on the bed, at the fide of which fland the father and the Saviour, with His right hand raifed in the a6l of benedidlion. 10. Chrifl: driving the devils out of the demoniac into the herd of fwine, who are rulhing downwards towards the fea ; the face of the demoniac is fadly diflorted. ii. Chrifl: heal- ing the paralytic, who is carrying his bed on his flioulders in the manner reprefented on the early farcophagi. 12. The woman with the bloody flux touching the hem of Chrifl’s garment. All thefe little groups (each about an inch fquare) are excellently treated. Figured, Didron, Annales Archeol., vol. xx. p. 1 18, and tab. annex. {i 26 ) ’58. 83, 84. T WO Leaves of the Diptych of Rambona. Italian Lom- bardic. 9th or loth century. Originals in the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican. Each leaf, H. 12 in., W. in. Firfl: leaf. The Crucifixion. The Saviour with a flight beard, flowing hair, and cruciferous nimbus, is draped round the loins, feet apart, not nailed nor refting on a fcabellum. The crofs furmounted with a titulus, REX IVDEORVM. Beneath the outftretched arms the words MVLIER EN — DISSIPVLE ECCE ; the figures of the Virgin and St. John ftanding at the fides of the crofs. At the top is a bufl: of the Saviour, aged, the right hand raifed in the adt of benedidbon (the third finger bent towards the thumb), in a circle fupported by two flying angels with a label infcribed, EGO SVM IHS NAZARENVS. Over the arms of the crofs are two weeping figures infcribed SOL and LVNA holding torches, and beneath the crofs a large wolf fuckling two in- fants, with the infcription ROMVLVS ET REMVLVS A LVPA NVTRITI.i 1 The intiodu6lion of thefe figures at the foot of the Crofs has been attempted to be explained by certain writers (Martigny, Di 61 :. Antiq. Chret., p. 195), on the ground that Chrift by His Crofs conquered the entire univerfe, of which Rome is the head, and that the angel reprefented at the foot of the other leaf of the diptych (contrary to the opinion of Buonarotti) is intended for a reprefentation of Vi6lory, [To fuce y. 56.] FIRST LEAF OF THE DIPTYCH OF RAMBONA. ,0 In the Chriftian Muleum of the Vatican. Early Chrijlian Ivories. 57 Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. pi. 22 ; and I. O. Weftwood, Proc. Arch. Soc. of Oxford, 3 Dec. 1862. Second leaf. Divided into three compartments. At the top is the Virgin feated on a cufliioned feat holding the infant Chrift on her knees, whofe right hand is raifed in the adl of benedidlion. On each fide a fix- winged cherubin ftanding on a wheel. In the middle are three faints Handing amidft conventional foliage, amongft which a wolf is fcrambling. The drelTes of thefe three figures are different ; one holds up his hands in the ancient attitude of prayer, the other two have the right hand raifed in the adl of benedi 61 :ion, the left holding a book. At the bottom is a figure fully draped, apparently in the a6l of flying, although deflitute of wings, holding a palm branch and a torch. The following infcription occupies the bands between the compartments, CONFESSORIS DNI SCiS GREGORIUS SILVESTRO FLAVIANI CENO- BIO RAMBONA AGELTRUDA CONSTRUXI QUOD EGO ODELRICUS INFIRMUS DNI SERBUS ET ABBAS SCULPIRE MINISIT IN DOMINO. AMEN. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. pi. 22. Buonarotti, Vetri, p. 261 (partly) ; D’Agincourt, Sculpt., pi. xii. fig. 16. {i 28 ) ’65- 113- O BLONG Plaque, pofTibly part of a Cafket. Italian. (Lombardic ?) loth century. Original in the Public Mufeum of Ravenna. H. 2 |- in., W. 10 in. Within four circular fpaces formed by flender intertwining branches and fparfe foliage are rudely reprefented the buffs of four faints, evidently by the fame artiff as the pieces Nos. 127 and 128 ^ namely, I. ^ STEPHANVS; 2. ^ VITVS; 3. 57 MODESTVS, and 4. K CASSIAN. Each has a plain circular nimbus ; St. Vitus has the head tonfured and is beardlefs, and St. Modeffus holds a rod with a ball at the top, and a fmall obje6l like a ftiort rod terminating above in three ffalks tipped with fmall balls ; the others bear jewelled books marked with the +. The letters of the infcriptions are ill-formed, the T and V being conjoined, the upright ffroke of the T forming the firff ffroke of the V, {i 29 ) the palm branch denoting the Viftory, and the flambeau the light of the Gofpel illuminating the whole world : “ Peut-etre encore a-t-on voulu indiquer ainfi que cette ville (Rome) fut etablie par le Redempteur en tant que fiege du prince de fes apotres, la bafe et les fondements de fon eglife ” ! 58 FiStile Ivory Cajis. ’ 54 - 86 . P LAQUE of a Book Cover. Italian ? 9th or loth cen- tury. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Prague. H. 9^ in., W. 4 in. A very fine feated figure of St. Peter in low relief clad in plain veftments fimilar in form to thofe of the confular diptychs. The head is tonfured, furrounded by a circular nimbus, the right hand holds a fcroll and the left a long pair of keys. The feet are naked. The throne is cufhioned, with each fide formed as a flender tower with romanefque windows ; the top of the feat forming a rounded arch. Figured, Mittheilungen d. K. K. Central Commiflion, vol. XVI, p. lOi. {iso) ’58 83. T WO Leaves of a Diptych. Italian? 9th or loth cen- tury. Originals in the Royal Mufeum, Darmftadt. Each leaf, H. 12 in., W. 3^ in. I. Firft Leaf. A tall ill-executed figure of the Saviour ftanding beneath a rounded arch refting on flender pillars at the fides with ornamented capitals. The head is of the juvenile type, with the cruci- ferous nimbus, the right hand raifed and blefling, the left hand holding a book. The feet naked. The top filled in with a triangular tympa- nium ornamented with birds and foliage, and the whole inclofed in a foliated border. 2. Second leaf ; fame fize. A correfponding figure of St. Peter holding a book and the keys. He is reprefented as tonfured, with a plain circular nimbus, the background being telTelated with fmall crofles. {iSi) ’73- 31- P LAQUE. Italian? loth century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin Mufeum (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 158). H. 10^ in., W. 4^ in. The Crucifixion, very rudely defigned. The figure of the Saviour of large fize draped round the loins, with long flowing hair and a cruciferous nimbus 5 the feet refting on a fcabellum nailed feparately. Early Chrijlian Ivories. 59 Beneath the crofs is a head rifing from the ground. At the fides of the crofs ft and the fpear and fponge bearers ; infcribed LUNGIN and STEFA. The titulus of the crofs is infcribed IhV NAZ RE. Two angels reft on the arms of the crofs, together with two faces with ftellated difcs infcribed LVNA and SOL, the letters of the latter word reading backwards. Below is a female figure clothed in Byzantine robes fup- ported by an angel, infcribed ECESIA (Ecclefia), and a fecond female wretchedly clad driven forward by an angel, infcribed SINAGO (ga). (/ 52 .) ’ 73 - 3 ^- P LAQUE. Lombardic ? loth century. Original in the South Kenftngton Mufeum (238. ’69, Mafkell Cat, p. 92). H. 6f in., W. 4^ in. A very rude reprefentation of the Prefentation of Chrift in the T emple, The Virgin ftanding on one fide of a low fquare draped altar, on which is a plain Greek crofs, prefents the Infant to Simeon ftanding on the other fide of the altar with outftretched hands covered by a large veil. Jofeph ftanding behind the Virgin with the two doves, and Anna with uplifted hand behind Simeon. Above are two very rude broad rounded arches refting upon a central fluted column with a foliated capital. Surrounded by a foliated border. ’58. 134- P LAQUE. Italian. 10th century ? Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Salerno. 2 ^ inches fquare. A buft of an aged male figure, without nimbus, his hands raifed up to his breaft with the fingers widely extended. Very rude. (^ 34 .) ’58. 168, 169. T WO Narrow Plaques, parts of a Flabellum. Italian.^ 8th to I oth century. Originals in the Mufeum of the Hotel de Cluny, Paris. Each piece, H. 9 in., W. i|- in. The firft of thefe plaques (being one fide of the handle of the Fla- bellum of Tournus?)is an admirably defigned arabefque of branches 6o FiEiile Ivory Cajis. and foliage with large leaves, amongft which not only human figures but birds and a lion and lionefs are introduced with much fpirit. Defcribed by the two Benedidlines, Voyage litter. I. p. 231. Figured, Guenin, Hift. de I’Abbaye de Tournus. Du Sommerard, Arts du Moyen Age, ch. xiv.. Atlas, pi. 4, and Album, ix. fer. pi. 17. {i 35 .) The other plaque is the oppofite fide of the handle of the fame Flabellum. A fimilar arabefque, but the defign is more confufed, the foliage being fmaller, with many bunches of grapes introduced, which the birds are pecking at. In the centre a bull’s head, from the mouth of which the principal branches extend. At each end are two human figures ftruggling amongft the branches. Figured, Du Sommerard, ut fupra. {i 36 .) ’58. 2,62,. T WO Small Plaques. Italian? 8th to loth century. Originals in the Britifh Mufeum. Each, H. 2 in., W. if in. Two fmall portions of the fame inftrument as the laft (?), covered with elegantly defigned arabefques of branches and leaves intermixed with rofes and with groups of acanthus leaves. (^'57', i 38 ) ’58. 12,^, 129. T WO Long Plaques, parts of a Flabellum. South of France ? 8th to loth century. Originals in the colledtion of M. Carrand. Each, H. 9 in., W. 2f in. The firft of thefe plaques is divided into three compartments, con- taining three paftoral fcenes. i. A fhepherd feated playing on the horn with an attendant amongft his flocks and herds in a wooded land- fcape. 2. A ftiepherd with his ftieep, in converfation with a centaur. 3. A ftiepherd feated alone amongft his oxen, with trees in the back- ground. The whole furrounded by borders of fluted and twifted columns. The other plaque forms the other fide of the handle of the Flabel- lum of Tournus, and is divided like the former into three compartments. I. A Council (of the Gods ?). Above, three aged female figures feated ; below, two younger male figures feated, and a third ftanding apparently in difcuflTion with his right arm elevated. 2. Two Ihepherds feated amongft Early Chrijlian Ivories. 6 1 oxen and trees in energetic converfation. 3. A fully clad fhepherd ftanding in the middle leaning on his ftaff. On either fide two naked figures playing on pan-pipes. Sheep and trees furrounded with fimilar borders as the laft defcribed piece, No. i 39 , Reprefentations of other fpecimens of this rare ecclefiaftical inftru- ment are given in Didron’s Annales Archeologiques, vol. xiii. p 40, from a MS. choral book of 13th century in the library of the Arfenal, Paris ; alfo fculptured in the fouth porch of the cathedral of Amiens ; and Pugin’s Gloflary, p. 130; alfo figures by Albert Way in Journ. Arch. Infl:., vol. v. p. 201. A fiiill more remarkable figure of it is publifhed by Didron in Ann. Arch., vol. xiv. p. 75, from MS. Paris, fonds Latin 5236, with three doves refting on the altar crucifix. {i 39 , i 40 .) ’ 58 . i 6 y,a,b,c. '"T^HE Sceptre-like handle of a Flabellum, divided into four X cylindrical pieces. South of France? 12th century. Original in the collecflion of M. Carrand. L. 21 in., the ftem being about i in. in diameter. Thefe four pieces form the fceptre-like handle of the Flabellum of Tournus ? The lowed: and flendereft piece is fluted, with a plain raifed bofs in the centre ; the two next pieces are ornamented ; the foliage and bunches of grapes, with birds in the branches, and animals, a doe, hart, hind, hare, &c. at the bottom of each piece amongfl: the herbage. Thefe pieces are feparated by ornamental boflTes, and around the upper one is infcribed + lOHEL ME SCAE FECIT IN HONORE MARI^. The fourth piece is formed into a bofs, above which it dilates into a quadrangular pommel, at each corner of which, within a niche, are four full length figures of the Virgin Mary and SS. Peter, Agnathus and Filibertus, their names being infcribed, abbreviated, on the bofs beneath their feet, the remainder of the pommel being filled in with foliations. {i 4 i-i 44 ) ’ 73 - 33 - P ORTION of the cylindrical ftem of a Flabellum or Afper- gillum ? French? 12th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. L. in., diam. in. The occupations of the twelve months of the year in three bands (four in each). January reprefented by the two-headed Janus looking 62 FiBile Ivory Cajls. in oppofite diredlions, feated on a ftool drinking. February, a man fitting before a fire. March, a man vigoroully cutting trees with a hatchet. April, a man apparently gathering flowers from trees. May, a man riding on horfeback with a hawk on his wrifl:. June, a man cutting grafs with a long-handled fickle and hooked ftick. July, mowing with a long fcythe. Augufl:, reaping corn with a fickle. September, thrafhing wheatftieaves. October, fowing corn. November, killing a pig. December, pouring wine into a calk. The figures are feparated from each other by trees, and the three bands by rings ornamented with foliage and zig-zag patterns with femi- rofettes, and at the top and bottom are rings with nearly defaced infcriptions. (J45) SECTION IlL^BTZANTINE AND RUSSO-GREEK IVORIES. *54- 55- EAF of a Diptych. Byzantine. 4th or 5 th century. Original in the Britilh Mufeum. H. 16J in., W. 5^ in. This is one of the largeft and fineft ancient ivories in * exiftence. It reprefents an angel (or more probably an archangel from holding an orb with a crofs jewelled on its top in his right hand^), 10 inches high, Handing eredl, holding the long rod with a fmall ball at the top (and here alfo at the bottom), fo often feen in Byzantine defigns. The face is round, the hair curly, the neck robuft ; the wings, admirably feathered, fall down at the fides of the body, and the feet are ftiod with fandals. He is reprefented Handing at the top of a flight of flx fhort Heps, beneath an elaborately ornamented femi-circular arch reHing upon a pair of fluted columns with Corinthian capitals, the bottom of the columns reHing on two fluted bafes ; a rofette and a leaf fill up the fpaces on either fide above the arch ; above which is a label infcribed, in fplendid Greek capitals : — ^ + AEXOT HAPONTA KAI MA0UUN THN AITIAN i.e,^ “ Accept the offered gift, wherewithal learning the caufe,” the fenfe requiring the infcription on the other leaf for its completion.^ The head is without a nimbus, but beneath the arch is a large fliell, on which lies a circular wreath tied with long flowing ribbons, within which is a Greek crofs reHing on a fmall orb. ^ It has been fuggefted that the other leaf of the diptych might have contained the figure of an emperor, to whom the orb was intended to be prefented by the archangel. Lacroix, Vie Militaire et Religieufe, p 271. 2 In this and in the other infcriptions on Nos. 147 y and there are no fpaces left between the words. • 64 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. Figured, Didron, Annales Arch., vol. XVIII. p. 33, and tab. annex. ; Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Album, pi. iv. ; Simelli’s Chriftian Photographs, No. 123, “ Provenant de Ravenne,” according to Monfignor X. Barbier de Montault (Cat. Expos. Rome, p. 12), and mifftated by him to be in the ‘‘ Mufee d’Oxford j” Brit. Mus. Photogr., Nos. 889 and 928. {i 46 .) '58. 165. P LAQUE. Part of Calket ? Byzantine. 6th-ioth cen- tury. Original in the Douce ColLedlion (Meyrick). H. 2f in., W. 1 1 in. To the left, the creation of Adam. The bull of the Creator (as a middle-aged man), with a cruciferous nimbus, refting upon a circular difc, infcribed IC • XC, ftretching out His right hand to the head of Adam, lying naked at full length on the ground ; above is infcribed AAAM O nPOTOnAACTO. To the right, the creation of Eve, Adam naked, again lying afleep at full length on the ground ; Eve, half emerged out of his fide, raifing her hands towards the hand of God coming out of a cloud in the upper angle of the piece, infcribed AAAM THNOCAC eVa EH1A0EN EK TiC IIAEBPA ATTOT. (Adam fleeping. Eve emerges out of his fide. Note the ufe of the B for T in the word nAEBPA.) In the middle, Cain ftoning Abel, who has fallen to the ground, infcribed KAN ^>ONET TON ABEA. (Cain kills Abel.) Formerly in the Barulfaldi Cabinet at Ferrara, fince of Mr. Douce. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., II. 161, and vol. IV., ad cap. pref. ; D’Agincourt, Sculpture, pi. xii. fig. i. ; and partly, Didron, Iconogr. de Dieu, p. 178, fig. 48 ; Lacroix, Vie Milit. et Relig. (^^^0 ’65. 102. P ANEL. Byzantine ? Carlovingian ? 7 th- 9 th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Treves. H. si in., W. lof in. The arrival of the holy coat and other relics at the cathedral of Treves, and their reception there by the Emprefs Helena. To the right is feen the cathedral, a fquare building with a fide aifle and a femi- detached rounded apfe ; on the roof are feveral fpedlators. At the door of the church {lands St. Helena in gorgeous Byzantine robes. [ 7’o face p. ^>4 ] In the Trealhry of the Cathedral of Ti Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 65 crowned, and holding the crofs over her fhoulder ; to her approaches a crowd of perfonages bearing large rolls, the foremoft of whom is young, and wears a coronet and jewelled robes, with a large cloak faftened with a fibula on his right fhoulder, probably intended for her fon Conftantine. Thefe are followed by a chariot drawn by two horfes, the reins held by a driver, whilfi: on a raifed feat of the chariot are feated two aged men bearing a cafket. The fides of the chariot are ornamented with groups of fmall fculptured figures. The chariot has juft pafled through a gateway with a large rounded arch refting on a crolT-bar fupported by columns and decorated capitals ; the tympanum bearing a reprefentation of the buft of Chrift with a cruciferous nimbus. 1 prefume this is intended for the famous Porta Nigra of Treves. Galleries extend along the whole of the upper part of the back of the piece, from which, in its original ftate, more than fifty fpe 61 :ators furveyed the ceremony ; but as thefe figures (and indeed the whole) are carved in very high relief, moft of the heads indeed being quite undercut, many have been broken off*. The carving in fome parts of the compofition is, in fa 61 :, an inch deep. Figured, I. O. Weftwood, in Journ. Arch. Inft., xx. p. 148 ; and Auf’m Weerth, Kunft Denkm. Rheinl,, pi. 58, fig. i. {i 48 .) 58. 85, 86. T WO Plaques, poflibly Leaves of a Diptych. Byzantine ? 9th century. Originals in the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. Each, H. ijf in., W. 4^ in. One, furrounded by an elegant foliated arabefque border half an inch wide, has the middle fpace occupied by four circles, the top and bottom ones filled with ornamental foliage, whilft the two middle ones contain reprefentations of Sagittarius (a monfter, half horfe half man, ftiooting with a bow and arrow) and Capricornus (a fea monfter with a fifh’s tail and a ram's head) attacked by two fmall human figures, one of whom takes the latter by the beard, whilft the other has mounted on its back holding by one of its horns 5 all the open fpaces are filled in elaborately with foliage of an ornamental chara 61 :er, with figures of dogs occupying the fpaces outfide the circles. (On the back of this piece a wretched artift has commenced to carve the Salutation, the Crucifixion, and the Noli me tangere, in the rudeft poffible manner.) The other piece, furrounded by a border of the fame width, formed of fmall fquare and oblong compartments, enclofing arabefque foliage or 30670. E 66 Fi&ile Ivory Cajis. monftrous animals, has the middle fpace filled in with an arabefque de- fign of branches of foliage, forming five circular whorls. The loweft of thefe contains a man ftanding and holding himfelf amongfl: the branches. In the next whorl, a lion, rampant, (Leo), into whofe mouth a man in the middle whorl thrufi:s a long fpear with great violence of a6tion. The next whorl contains a male figure (Aquarius?) with ram’s horns holding a vafe with his left hand, feizing hold of a fruit in the top whorl, which is occupied by a man who is jftriking at the hand of the former. (On the back of this piece the fame wretched artift has commenced to carve the fcene of the Afcenfion. At the top, Chrifl: in an oval aureola fupported by four angels, whilfl: below are the Virgin and apoftles flanding in three rows, one above another.) Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, partie 2, pi. 49, 50 ; Sere, Le Moyen Age. i 50 ,) ’58. 23, 24- T WO Plaques, probably Leaves of a Diptych. Byzantine. 9th-ioth century. Originals in the Treafury of the Bafilica of San Ambrogio, Milan. Each, H. 1 2 -| in., V/. in. Firft plaque. With four fquare compartments. I. To the left the Salutation infcribed TOXepeTG for TO XAIPGTe. The Virgin feated under an arch, at the entrance of a building, on an ornamented feat, the archangel approaching from the right holding a long rod, with a ball at the top, over his ftioulder, and with his right hand extending towards the Virgin. To the right the Vifitation (o ACnACMO), Mary and Elizabeth embracing each other at the door- way of a houfe. 2. The birth of Chrifl: (infcribed irONHCH, infl:ead of H rGNeciC). The Virgin lying on a couch in the middle; above, in a crib, the Infant in fwaddling clothes, with a cruciferous (not radiated, as flated by Gorius,) nimbus. On either fide of the crib flands an angel, one holding, apparently, a fmall loaf in his hand ; a ray of light defcends upon the Infant from what appears to be a crowned head above (evidently intended for the fl:ar) ; a large vafe and flagon fl:and on the ground to the right (for the wafhing of the child), and Jofeph, of fmall fize, is feated to the left refting his head on his hand in thought. 3. The baptifm of Chrifl: (infcribed IBATUTHCH, for H BAnTICIC). Chrifl: naked, with a cruciferous nimbus, young, and beardlefs, Hands naked in the water, which rifes like a little hill up to His neck. At the Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 67 feet of Jefus lies a fmall naked figure, with his left hand extended in fupplication towards Chrift (evidently intended as a perfonification of the river Jordan). To the right ftand two angels, holding the clothes of Chrift, and to the left, on the ftiore, the Baptift, extending his right hand to the head of the Saviour. Behind him is a palm tree. 4. The prefentation of Chrift in the Temple (infcribed imoriANTH, for H TriAriANTH). In the centre a fquare plain altar. To the left the Virgin (followed by Jofeph carrying the pair of doves) holding the Child in her arms above the altar, Simeon with outftretched arms, covered by his robe, ftanding to the left fide to receive the Holy Infant. Figured, Gorius, vol. III., tab. xxxi. (/ 5 /.) Second plaque. With four compartments. 1 . The Crucifixion. The body of Chrift on the crofs is quite up- right, the head very flightly inclined towards the left with a cruciferous nimbus, draped round the loins, the feet apart refting on a fquare fca- bellum. The titulus is fimply infcribed IC XC j above the left band of Chrift is a fmall fcroll inclofing a radiated difc for the fun, and over His right hand a fimilar circular difc on which is a crefcent, intended for the moon partially eclipfed (according to the fuggeftion of Gorius). To the left the Virgin, ftanding looking upwards with raifed hands covered by her cloak, and to the right St. John with his open book of the Gofpels. An infcription acrofs the piece is noticed by Gorius as litterae tranfpofitce videntur ut indicetur CTATPOCIC, crucifixlo ejus, inde vero : mater Chrifti.” It is quite furprifing that fo learned a writer on Chriftian art ftiould not have feen in the infcription, the com- mand of Chrift (St. John xix. v. 26, 27) ; the letters clearly being lAe O TC C Q — lAOT H MP C d 0 crov, ’iSol ^ aov). 2. The two Marys at the Sepulchre, the mouth of which is open in a rock to the left, the great ftone lying in front, on which the angel is fitting pointing to the empty tomb. The three guards, of fmall fize, lying on the ground. Infcribed ID TA^O, for o TA^OC. 3. The Defcent into Hades 5 infcribed lANACTACi, whence Gorius confiders it as the raifing of many dead bodies from their tombs (Matthew xxvii. (mifquoted by Gorius as xvii.) v. 52). But this event took place immediately after Chrift gave up the ghoft, whereas He is here reprefented as ftanding upon the Devil, and drawing an aged man out of a grave ; three other perfons (two in royal robes )^ already ftanding upright on their fquare fepulchres. 1 Gorius fuggefts that thefe two perfonages were probably the royal pair for whom the diptych was made. 68 FiSiile Ivory Cafts. 4 . The two Marys at the feet of the rifen Saviour (Matt, xxviii. v. 8 ), infcribed TO XOPOTe, for XAIPOxe (pax vobis, “All hail.”) Jefus ftands eredl:, with a cruciferous nimbus, holding a fcroll in His left hand, His right hand raifed to His bread: in benedidlion, on either fide a cyprefs tree. Figured, Gorius, III. pi. xxxii. (i52.) The figures in thefe two plaques are, in general, tall and elegant, but the work is very fhallow and the diptych has been fo much ufed (kiffed according to Gorius) that all the fine work on the furface is worn away. ’58. 162. P LAQUE, pofiTibly part of a Cafket. Byzantine. 9th or loth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mu- feum, 270. ’67. (Malkell Cat., p. 109.) H. 54 in., W. 4 in. This panel is moderately deeply funk and reprefents SS. Peter and Paul ^ feated, attended by an angel with outftretched wings, and is infcribed at the top “ noxiC PUUMH ” on a tranfverfe bar refting on twilled lateral columns with Corinthian capitals. St. Peter is a very dignified figure feated on a curule chair, the arm fignificantly formed of a filh (dolphin). He has a fmall plain nimbus round the head, which is low browed, with curly hair and Ihort curly beard \ his right hand is raifed in benediction, the forefinger alone being extended. His robe is marked on the knee with the letter n. St. Paul, older, with a tall forehead and nearly bald, with a Ihort, pointed beard and plain nimbus, is feated to the right, engaged in writing in a large book, the fquare ink-pot placed on a Hand elegantly ornamented with fifhes, refting on a Ihort column and capital, placed between the two apoftles. The book is marked with the letter A. An angel ftands between the two apoftles with wings extended and fingularly arched, occupying the upper portion of the panel. He bears a long flender rod in the left hand, the right being extended towards St. Peter. The workmanfhip throughout is very careful. {i53.) 58- 73- O blong plaque. Byzantine. 9th or loth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. in., W. y-J- in. * This has been confidered to reprefent an Emperor (Conftantine) di6iating to a faint (Sylvefter). The figures, however, are evidently intended for the two great faints, Peter and Paul. Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. Two compartments. In the firfl, the baptifm of Chrift, treated in a very remarkable manner. The Saviour, reprefented in the middle as a young child, with a nimbus round the head, is (landing naked, with a dream of water flowing from above upon His head. The Baptifl, a tall thin figure, (lightly clad, Hands to the right, with his right hand placed on the head of the Child. To the left (lands a venerable bearded angel with long wings, entirely clothed and with fandals on his feet. On either fide is a large candledick and candle. In the fecond compartment, Chrid as a child. Hands on a dool, arguing with an aged man, within an enclofure formed of rounded arches of brickwork, with curtains looped in the antique manner, under which Hands a fecond aged figure with an open book, 54 .) ’58. F 'OUR Plaques, po(ribly parts of a Ca(ket or Book-cover. Byzantine. 9th or loth century. Original in the Brera, Milan. Each, H. 7^ in., W. 4^ in. I. To the left St. Mark, with a plain circular nimbus. Handing, holding a dyle in his right hand and an open book in his left, infcribed (+ APXH TOT ETArrEAIOT Tc Mark i. V. I.). To the right Hands a figure clad in richly ornamented clothes and cloak, with four at- tendants with upraifed hands, one with all the fingers extended, two with only the fird and fecond, as if in the a6l of benedi6lion, and one of them with only one finger dretched upwards. At the fide is a plain column with an ornamented capital, on the top of which reds a crofs-bar fupporting a large central arch, inclofing a large fhell. In the background arife the towers and cupolas of temples. 2. The fame Evangelid Handing to the right baptifing a male, female, and youth. Handing up to their cheds in water, by laying his hand upon the head of the male, who although bearded, is reprefented only half the fize of the Evangelid. In the background temples, with cupolas, conical pinnacles, and a fquare campanile. 3. ^Ehe fame Evangelid Handing to the left, with both his hands laid upon the head of an aged man Handing in a Hooping attitude in front of him (much fmaller in fize than the Evangelid) ; behind him Hand four other perfons, two old bearded men and two females. A circular column on each fide, with a fluted capital, on which reds a crofs-bar fupporting a large ornamented arch (inclofing a large (hell) ; on the upper angles are two long ornamented leaves, curled round at the ends. 70 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. 4 . The fame Evangelift ftanding to the right, holding a book in his left hand, has taken hold with his right hand of the hand of a fmall feated figure of a man, before whom as a ftand on which is a fhoe, another fhoe falling to the ground ; feveral implements lying near (one being a lunate-fhaped cutting inftrument with a handle, another appa- rently an awl or ftyle ; alfo a bent piece of wire or firing), probably indi- cating a fhoemaker’s handicraft. At the background is an alTemblage of towers, cupolas, arcades, &c. The defigns of thefe four remarkable pieces are ill drawn, but the execution is ftiarp, and the draperies well arranged. {i55-i58.) 58. no. P LAQUE. Byzantine. 9th or loth century. Original in the Brera, Milan. H. 4 in., W. 3J in. Saint Mennas fianding eredt with uplifted open hands, in the atti- tude of one of the Orantes, clad in a long tunic with a cloak fafiened with a brooch on his right fhoulder. He is reprefented young and beard- lefs, with a plain nimbus, and fianding in front of a temple with (lender columns, which in the middle fupport’ a rounded arch en- clofing an ornamental radiating ftiell with foliage. On either fide is a narrow fpace enclofed with columns, with a lamp burning in it, and with curtains looped at the fides, each below inclofed with an open- work cancellus ; with a camel lying on each fide at the feet of the faint. On the upper border is infcribed ^ 0(A)MHNAC. Very delicate workmanfhip. The hifiory of the fame faint with his camels is given in the defcription of Mr. Nefbitt's Pyx, recently read before the Society of Antiquaries. (/5^.) LAQUE attached to the Cover of the Purple Greek MS. JL of the Offices of Dionyfius. Byzantine. 9th century. Original in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. (Suppl. Latin, No. 704.) H. 8^ in,, W. 3|- in. A (landing figure of Jefus Chrifi, of the juvenile beardlefs type, with naked feet, with an ornamented cruciferous nimbus ; His left hand holding a book, and His right raifed in benedidlion, with the firfi and fecond fingers extended, the third finger touching the end of the thumb. He (lands beneath a narrow arch with foliated ornaments, reding on Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories, 7 1 flender fluted columns, with a bird fitting on each of the two upper angles. The whole furrounded by a narrow foliated border. Excellent workmanfliip. Figured, Labarte, Hifl:. des Arts Induftr, I., Sculpt, pi. 7. {i 60 .) ’58. 166. O blong Plaque. Byzantine. loth-i 2th century. Ori- ginal in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 265. ’67 (Malkell Cat., p. 106). H. 2f in., L. loj in. Scenes of the life of Jofhua ? To the left a warrior feated on a throne holding a long fpear (with three warriors {landing behind him in fcale armour, with calkets pointed at top on their heads, holding long fpears and circular fhields), receiving two male vifitors who floop before him, with hands covered by their cloaks. To the right the fame perfonage, feated with his three attendant warriors, receives two other warriors, who approach him in great hafle with outftretched arms, alfo bearing a fpear and fhield. • (/^/.) ’ 55 - ^ 4 - O blong Plaque, part of a Cafket.^^ Byzantine. loth- i2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii., b. ii.) H. 3 in., L. 8 in. Hiftory of Jofeph. To the left Jacob, aged, fits on a Byzantine chair, bidding adieu to Jofeph, who departs from him under the guid- ance of an angel who holds a long wand. Benjamin feated near. In the centre Jofeph as a naked child is drawn out of the well by two of his brethren, others {landing near. To the right an Egyptian mounted on a camel, and another on foot. The guardian angel of Jofeph is reprefented in a miniature of the early Greek MS. of Genefis in the Imperial Library of Vienna (D’Agincourt, III., pi. xix., fig. 10), the fame figure appearing alfo in the cafket of Sens, fubfequently defcribed. [ 162 ,) ’ 55 - ^ 5 - O blong Plaque. Companion to No. ’55. 24. ioth-i2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. hi., b. 12.) H. 3 in., l^, 8 in. 72 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. Jofeph in a cloak and eaftern coronet, with infulae hanging over the ears, commands the facks of his brothers (one of whom kneels at his feet) to be fearched. In the centre are feen feveral of his brethren with oxen and camels, and to the right Jofeph, clad in the fame manner as before, embraces his father, attended by two of his brethren. Thefe laft two plaques are aflerted by Didron, Ann. Arch. v. XVIII. p. 301, to be falfe. ‘ {i 63 .) ’58. 1 1 8, 1 19. F RONT' and Back of the Cover of the Pfalter of the Princefs Melifenda, daughter of Baldwin, King of Jeru- falem. Beginning of the 1 2th century. Originals in the Britifh Mufeum. Each leaf, H. 9 in., W. 6 in. Front : Scenes in the life of David, in fix circular compartments united together by jewelled ribbons, the inter ftices filled with perfoni- fications of the Chriftian virtues : — I. David, with his fcrip flung round his neck, combatting with the lion and bear in defence of the lamb ; he is moft vigoroufly wrenching open the jaws of the lion. 2. Samuel anointing David by pouring oil upon his head from a horn, the hand of God feen in the adl of bene- di 61 :ion in the clouds above the head of David ; a building at the fide infcribed Bethlehem. 3. David armed with his fcrip and fling at- tacking Golias ” clad in chain armour, and armed with a long fpear and a large kite-fhaped fhield. 4. David as a youth receiving the fword of Goliath from an aged prieft with the name of Ahimelec, Handing near an altar laden with circular loaves ; an attendant ftanding behind the prieft, infcribed with the name of Doeg (i Samuel, ch. xxi.). 5. David, crowned, repenting for having numbered the people, with the words EGO PECCAVI written above him, kneeling before an altar on which is a veflel emitting flames ; on the other fide of which ftands the prophet Gad, whofe name is infcribed near his head, and holding a fcroll infcribed ‘‘ CONSTRUE ALTARE DNO.’’ In the back- ground is a caflellated building, from the battlements of which an angel holds a fword over the head of David, and the Divine Hand is extended from the clouds (2 Samuel, ch. xxiv.). 6. David, crowned, feated under a rounded arch playing on a harp, with a dove on his fhoulder and his four attendants, “ IDITUN,” “ ETAN,” ASAPH, and EMAN playing on different mufical inftruments. VII. iv OF C 'VER '^F PSALTER OF FRINTCESS LIELTSEFTRA B •:;inninj; of Tu'cI/iJi Ccittury. '<-■■■ itO (p 7v) Byzantine and Ruffo-Greek Ivories. 73 Seven of the Chriftian Virtues are in the a6f of overcoming as many correfponding vices, Fides and Idolatria ; Pudicitia and Libido; Humilitas and “ Supbi(a) — Superbia ; Patiencia and Ira ; Sobrietas and Luxuria ; Fortitudo and Avaritia ; Cocordia and Difcordia : and the remaining five Virtues, viz., Bonitas, Benigni(tas), Beatitudo, Largitas, and Leticia, are reprefented fingly as females clad in rather tight gowns or tunics, with very tight fitting fleeves, having the cuffs hanging down as far as the knees. The whole is furrounded by a border an inch wide, filled with elegant arabefques, amongft which fifties and birds are introduced at the top and bottom, and knot work occafionally at the fides. Back : Six of the adits of Mercy in circular compartments connedled together by jewelled ribbons, the interftices filled in with monftrous birds and beafls fporting amongft; branches. In each fcene the perfonage performing the adl of charity is reprefented as clad in royal robes of various faftiions, with a crown on his head. I. The King, with an attendant, gives food to a beggar, a label infcribed “ Efuriviet dediflis m(ih)i manducare.” 2. The King, feated on a Byzantine throne and cufhion, pours drink into a cup held by a beggar; infcribed Sitivi et dediflis michi bibere.” 3. The King (his robe marked with the lati-clavus), takes a beggar by the hand to an open door. “ Hofpes et collegiflis me.” 4. The King with an attendant gives clothes to a naked man. ‘‘ Nudus et cooperuiflis me.” 5. The King vifits a fick perfon in bed, whom he fupports by the arm. “ In- firmus et vifitaflis me.” 6. The King vifits a prifoner whofe legs and arms are faflened in the flocks. “ In carcere et veniflis ad me.” The whole enclofed in an elegant arabefque border, on the infide of the upper margin of which is infcribed the name HERODIVS, in minute red capitals. The work in thefe two plaques is fhallow, and the drawing rude, but the general efFe6l from the multiplicity of details is rich. Since the pfalter has been obtained by the Britifh Mufeum, the covers have been decorated in the middle of the rofettes with turquoifes, and the eyes of all the figures are filled in with minute rubies. Figures of both leaves of this precious book cover, now forming one of the gems in the manufcript department in the Britifh Mufeum, are given in Du Sommerard, Les Arts au Moyen Age, Album, ID Ser., chap. V. pi. xxix. An account of it, with obfervations on its peculiarities, is given by Dr. Waagen, in vol. 1 . of his Treas. of Art in Great Britain. {i64, 165.) 74 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 34- D EEPLY-SCULPTURED Plaque. Byzantine. Second half of the loth century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii._, b. 172.) H. y-J in.^ W. S\ in. The legend of the forty martyrs abandoned on a frozen lake. At top Chrift is feated on a Byzantine throne and cufliion, within an oval aureola ; ^ on either fide three angels in deep adoration ; to the right, in the middle, the upper part of a Byzantine temple and dome; in the lower part, forty perfons, male and female, draped round the loins, Handing in various attitudes of defpair and hope, admirably exprelTed, infcribed 01 Anoi TOCCAPAKONTA, in fmall beautifully formed Greek uncial capitals. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III., Suppl. p. ix., et tab. xl. ; Labarte, Les Arts Induftr., I. p. 215. [ 166 ,) ’73- 35- MALL Diptych. Byzantine, loth-i ith century. Ori- ginal in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. Each leaf, H, 2 in., W. 2 in, 1. The birth of Chrift, treated entirely in the Byzantine manner. In the centre the Infant fwathed like a mummy, lies on a manger, above which are the heads of the ox and afs. The Virgin, to the left, ap- proaching the manger, whilft the aged Jofeph refts on his ftaff, to the right. Above are two angels, and in the centre a ray defcends from the clouds on the Holy Child. Below, the Infant is being wafhed in a font-like veflel, into which a female pours water. Jofeph feated to the right. 2. The prefentation in the Temple ; beneath a rounded dome fup- ported on columns, is a lamp fufpended in the middle over the altar, on either fide of which ftand Simeon and the Virgin holding the Infant. At the fides ftand Jofeph, holding the turtle doves as an offering, and a female attendant. {' 167 .') ^ At the fide is the monogram of the name of the Saviour, in an unufual form, TO ^ *4^, the laft letter being fuppofed to be the initial of the word ipTXH (Vita, Life). Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 75 ’55- 27. S QUARE Plaque with a funk panel. loth century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 5 in., W. 4I in. A very dignified bufl: of the Saviour, feen full-faced, with a cruci- ferous nimbus, the arms of the crofs divided into fmall fquare panels, each furrounded with a row of pearls. The Saviour is reprefented as middle-aged, with a fhort curled beard and long flowing hair. The right hand raifed in the a6l of benediction, the firfl: and fecond fingers alone extended ; the left hand holding a book, the cover ornamented in the fame manner as the crofs. {i68.) ’73- 36. I NSIDE of one Wing of a Triptych. Byzantine. Firft half of the loth century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii., b. io6.) H. 5f in., W. 2^ in. A tall elegant figure of the Archangel, MIXAHX,” holding a long and flender rod, {landing upright, with a gemmed nimbus, the robe bordered at top with gems and faftened with a fibula, the outer robe with the lati-clavus over the cheft. The fhoes ornamented with pearls ; the right hand raifed and entirely open. The attitude is very eafy, refling on the right leg. See Labarte, Les Arts Induflr., vol. I. p. 214. {i69.) ’73- 37* O UTSIDE of one Wing of a Triptych. Byzantine. Firft half of the loth century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii., b. 107.) H. 5f in., W. 2^ in. The centre is fimply but very effectively ornamented with a flender ribbon forming a circle, inclofing a fmaller central and four other circles, each with a rofette. Above and beneath in elegantly formed Byzantine capital letters are infcribed the contracted words, IC XC NI KA. {170,) 76 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 38. P LAQUEj part of a Book Cover ? Byzantine, loth-i ith century. Original in Collection of Rohde Hawkins, Efq. H. 4-I in., W. 4 in. The birth of Chrift, within a deeply-funk panel. In the centre the Virgin with the head elevated, refting upon a long couch, behind which is the manger, on which in Twaddling clothes lies the Infant, with the heads of ox and afs. Below to the left is feated Jofeph, refting his head on his left hand, and to the right the Infant is immerfed into a large cup-like vafe of water with a flagon by its fide. To the right ftand two ftiepherds leaning on their ftaves with their flocks of goats, whilft above to the left are a number of angels. An infcription HTENNHCIC’ appears over the fhepherds ; the heads of the two figures of the Infant are marked with a cruciferous nimbus, and thofe of Jofeph, the Virgin, and the angel, with plain circular ones. The hair of moft of the angels is treated fo as to refemble a bunch of grapes. ’55- ^3- D EEPLY-SUNK Panel. Part of a Calket. Byzantine. loth-iith century. Original in Colledlion of Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 2 in., W. 3-g- in. Three fmall male figures carved in deep relief, apparently reprefent- ing the fcene of the return of the prodigal fon, who is to the left, holding his cloak on his ftick, over his fhoulder. The aged father in the middle is expoftulating with the elder fon who, walking away, looks back con- temptuoufly towards his younger brother. There is great expreflion in thefe little figures, which are carefully chifelled. ’73 39- L ong Plaque, widened at each end. Byzantine. loth century. Original in Colledlion in Switzerland. Caff received from Dr. Keller, of Zurich. L. 15 in., H. at each end 3^ in., in the middle in. Amongft trees of a moft conventional chara61:er are reprefented, in the rudeft poflible manner, a man with a fpear attacking a lion which Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 77 has feized a deer ; a fecond lion has feized a huge fheep, a lionefs is worrying a long-legged bird (an oftrich ?) and a griffin. ’73- 40. P LAQUE. Part of Cafket. Byzantine. loth century? Original in the Berlin Kunft Kammer. (Reprod. Verz. ill., b. 1 1 6.) H. 3^ in., W. 2-| in. An aged male figure, clad in a tunic, is gathering grapes from a vine growing on the right fide of the piece. Beneath is a large open wicker-work bafket to receive the fruit. Infcribed on the background, CEIITEMPHOC, indicating that the piece is emblematical of the month September. ’58. 27. L eaf of a Diptych. Byzantine. loth-iith century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. in., W. 4 In. A tall and beautifully fculptured figure of St. John Baptift, in a long • gown with ftraight folds and a cloak with fhaggy border ; the feet fhod with fandals. The right hand partially elevated in the add of benedidlion, in the Greek manner ; the left hand holding a fcroll infcribed with the latter part of the 29th verfe of the 15th chapter of the Gofpel of St. John,’'lA6 'O ’AMN'OC TOV ©V, &c. ‘‘The delicate and elegant workmanfhip of this tablet manifefting the deepefi: intenfity of feeling, excited the admiration of Mr. Rulkin at the meeting of the Arundel Society, in fpring 1855. The reprefentation is equal in beauty to the Coronation of the Emperor Romanus [poji No. 188 ) in the Imperial Library of Paris ; to the (fragmented) panel in the Bodleian Library, with the reprefentation of Chrifl: enthroned (^oji No. 20 i)^ and to the hagiothyrids of Paris, with the Crucifixion {poJi No. /( 97 ), which are acknowledged as the mafterpieces of the fecond Byzantine fchool.” — Pulfzky Cat., p. 48. Figured, G. Scharf, Art Treafures at Manchefter, p. ii. (^^^0 ’73- 4J* D eeply - SUNK Panel. Byzantine. nth century. Original In the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. ill., b. 100.) H. 4 In., W. 2 ^ 78 FiBile Ivory Cajis. The raifing of Lazarus. A tall, dignified figure of Chrift {landing in front of a Byzantine temple, with ornamented domes refting on foliated capitals, fiiretches forth His right hand towards the tomb of Lazarus (like an upright watch box) who is fwathed with bands (except the head) like a mummy. At the feet of Chrift kneel the two fifters, and behind them three difciples ; near the tomb two attendants, one of whom fignificantly covers his nofe with his hand ; infcribed at top O XAZAPO, . I have not the leaft doubt that this piece is by the fame artift as Mr. Rohde Hawkins’s Birth of Chrift, No. /7/. {i76,) ’58- 30- D eeply -SUNK Pand. Part of a Book Cover? Byzantine. loth-iith century. Original in the Col- ledlion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 6 in., W. 4^ in. The Saviour ftanding ere£l upon an ornamented footftool with a gemmed cruciferous nimbus. His right hand elevated with the firft and fecond fingers extended in benediilion. He has long flowing hair and a fhort beard. On either fide ftand the attenuated figures of the Virgin and the aged St. John, each with a gemmed nimbus and each with open uplifted hands, the latter clad in a large cloak with a ftiaggy fur border. Thefe figures ftand beneath a Byzantine flattened canopy open cut in fmall circular and fquare holes, with an ornamental border, refting upon flender twifted columns at the fides, with flightly ornamented capitals. (/77.) ’ 6 ' 5 - 95 - L eaf of a Byzantine Diptych or Triptych. loth-iith century. Original in the Imperial Mufeum of Vienna. H. 9I in., W. 5-J in. Two ftanding figures of SS. Andrew and Peter, exquifitely carved, with long flowing drapery in many fmall folds, each holding a roll in the left hand, whilft the right is raifed as high as the breaft in the a 6 l of benedidlion 5 St. Andrew with the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers ex- tended, St. Peter with the firft and fecond only. Each has a circular nimbus round the head, with a margin of pearls. They wear fandals and ftand upon a long flab refting upon an arcade of feventeen fmall round headed arches with duplicated columns with plain bafes and capitals. Neither figure is tonfured. Each of their names is written in two Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 79 vertical lines on each fide of their heads, o AriOC anAPEAC and O AriOC IlETPOC, and above their heads is the following iambic infcrip- tion in narrow Greek capitals : — ooc attaaeaoi mtctoaektai tcon anoo NEMOITE ATTPON AECnOTH KOONCTANTINCO (As brethren, interpreters of the myfteries, we give to our Lord Conftantine abfolution.) The carving is in confiderable relief and very carefully executed. The Lord or Prince Conftantine recorded in the above lines is con- fidered by Gorius either to have been Conftantine Porphyrogenitus, fon of Leo, born in 905, or more probably Conftantine Porphyrogenitus, fon of the Emperor Michael, born in 1024. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III. tab. 28, by whom in tab. 29 is given the other leaf of the fame diptych with figures of SS. John and Paul in ‘‘ Mufeo Veruriano” at Padua. {i 78 ,) ’ 73 * 4 ^- D EEPLY-SUNK Panel. Byzantine. loth-iith cen- tury. , Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Hildefheim. H. 5 in., W. 4 in. The depofition from the Crofs. Jofeph of Arimathea, ftanding at the top of a pair of fteps with one foot refting on the fcabellum of the Crofs, holds the dead body of Chrift, the upper part of which falls towards the Virgin ftanding on a ftool at the right fide, whilft St. John ftands on the left fide on a fmall mount ; an attendant ftanding below draw- ing out the nail from one of the feet of Chrift. All the figures have plain circular nimbi except Chrift, who has a cruciferous one. Above the two arms of the Crofs are the half figures of two angels, and above their heads, along the upper raifed edge of the piece, is infcribed in Gothic letters The defign is very deeply carved. ’ 55 - L arge Tablet. Byzantine. loth ~ 12th century. Original in the Colledion of Comte Augufte de Baftard, Paris. H. 10 bo, W. 7 in. In a very deeply-funk panel is feated upon a magnificent Byzantine throne and cufhion a moft graceful figure of the Virgin Mary with the 8o FiSiile Ivory Cajis. Holy Child in her lap. She has a large circular plain nimbus round her head, on which fhe wears a clofe cap covered by a veil, with a large cloak ; the Infant, very child-like, has a cruciferous nimbus and holds a fmall roll with His left hand. His right hand ftretched out in benedidlion, with the firft and fecond fingers extended. At the two upper angles of the piece appear the bulls of two angels, with hands raifed in adoration, of the ordinary Greek type of the period. The feet of the Virgin reft on a richly decorated footftool, and the throne Hands on a fimilarly decorated bafe, upon which is infcribed in partly curfive Greek letters, 4- AXAONHC • MAPTTPOC • AOTAOC + Allones, fervant of the Martyr.^ The execution of this fine piece is excellent, and the drapery well arranged. Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, Pt. IL, p. 25, pi. li. ; Didron, Annal. ArcheoL, vol. XVII. p. 363, and Tab. ann. ; Labarte, Les Arts Induftr. {i 80 .) 58. 94. P ANEL of a Book Cover. Byzantine. ioth-i2th cen- tury. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. in., W. 5 in. Carved in camel bone. A large bas-relief formerly in the colledlion of Count Aloys Albrizzi at Venice, mentioned in Cicognara’s work on Nielli. Chrift, feated on a richly ornamented Byzantine throne and culhion, with a moft dignified expreflion on His well drawn face, holds a ponderous volume on His knee with His left hand, His right hand raifed in benedidlion, the firft and fecond fingers being only partially extended, as well as the thumb. Traces of gilding are ftill vifible on the throne in the original. The head refts on a cruciferous gemmed nimbus, on each fide of which are the raifed letters IC * XC. “ The compofition reminds us of the early Chriftian mofaics, the drapery is grand, and the reprefentation is one of the nobleft efforts of Byzantine art.” — Pulfzky Cat., p. 47. {jSi .') ^ Count Baftard has given a tranllation which he confiders “ plus conforme au fens habituel et grammatical, d’une formule conftamment reproduite chez les Latins et chez les Grecs,” ALLONIS, (FILS) DE MARTYR, SERVITEUR (DE CHRIST), adding “ un favant profefleur Allemand torture les mots, et traduit ainf, ET CELUI-CI EST LE TEMOIN DE LA VERITE. Byzantine and RuJfo~Greek Ivories. 8i ’58- 133- T OP of a Cafket. Byzantine. ioth-i2th century. Ori- ginal in the Collegio Romano, Rome. H. 2 J in., W. in. Three fmall figures in complete relief, ij inches high, reprefenting the Saviour, aged, with a beard and cruciferous nimbus ; the arms extended and the hands refling upon the heads of a male and female clothed in richly decorated regal Byzantine robes. The flab is infcribed + XPiCTe TAOrHTON AeCnOTOON HTNCOPIAA : a 0 ah stnoopic nPOCKTNei KATAHIAN (O Chrifl, blefs the union of Thy fervants, as this fubmiflive pair give Thee laudable worfhip.) (Below in the original is a compartment having a rich acanthus plant in the centre, with a male and female figure {landing at the Tides, of which a call has not been obtained.) {i82.) ’58. 157- N arrow Plaque. Part of aCafket. Byzantine. loth- 1 2th century. Original in the Collegio Romano, Rome. H. in., L. 5f in. In the middle of a group of twelve male figures to the right, David in richly jewelled robes is being crowned by one of the others, whilfl to the left another figure, evidently Jonathan, with long flowing cloak offers a garment to a {landing figure wearing a jewelled circlet on his head (doubtlefs David, i Sam. xviii. v. 4 ). The proportions of thefe figures are very fhort and heavy, but they are carved very deeply, almofl in complete relief. {i83.) ’58. 157 S MALL Narrow Plaque. Part of a Byzantine Cafket. ioth-i2th century. Original in the Collegio Romano, Rome. H. i-| in., L. in. David cutting off the head of Goliah, whofe giant figure lies on the ground clad in Byzantine armour : his helmet and fliield richly orna- 30670. V 82 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. merited lie above his body. David is in ordinary clothes, with his fcrip at his back, his legs (as well as thofe of Goliah) crofs-banded. To the right ftand three warriors, alfo in Byzantine armour, with fhort fwords hanging from large fword belts flung acrofs their breafts, and with fmall circular fhields; they wear fmall conical helmets. {i84) ’64. 48. D EEPLY-SUNK Panel. Byzantine. loth-izth cen- tury. Original in the Royal Library, Munich. H. in., W. in. The death of the Virgin, who is reprefented as lying on a couch at full length, with the head gently raifed on the right fide of the defign, with a pearled nimbus. At the foot and head of the Virgin fixteen difciples are grouped, the expreflion of grief being excellently exprelTed in many of the faces. At the further fide of the couch Hands the Saviour with a cruciferous nimbus, holding aloft the infant-like foul of the Virgin, which is about to be received by two angels above, holding drapery in their outftretched hands. The front difciple at the foot of the couch reverently arranges the drapery covering the feet of the Virgin, whilfl: one at her head fwings a cenfer. The whole is fur- mounted by a pierced Byzantine canopy, fupported at the Tides by pierced columns. The execution of this panel is as delicate as the defign is fpirited. At the back is infcribed H‘’T'0KOT-KOIMC (H 'Inq $€QroK0v (J85?) ’ 73 - 43 - P LAQUE. Byzantine. loth-izth century. Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii., b. loi.) H. 4-I in., W. 4 in. Chrifl: feated with the two difciples at table, at Emaus. The table in the middle fully draped ; to the right and above are architectural defigns, with large round domes ; thofe above being probably intended for the temple of Jerufalem. Chrifl: is feated at the left flde, much larger than the two difciples who are fitting on the further fide of the table looking towards Chrifl, who is reprefented of middle age, with a fhort beard and cruciferous nimbus, holding a large round loaf in both His hands. The defign and execution are weak. {i86.) vin. BYZANTINE PANEE-DEATH OF THE VIRGIN. Tenth to Tiuelfth Century No. ’64. 40. (j>. 8-’.) Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. OUND-HEADED Triptych. Byzantine, nth cen- XV tury. Original in the Cabinet des- Antiques, Bibl., Paris. H. 9f in., W. 5^^ in. This is one of the moft beautiful fpecimens of Byzantine art in exiftence. In the centre piece, which is round-headed, is reprefcnted the Crucifixion. Chrift, middle aged, with a fliort beard and cruci- ferous jewelled nimbus is nearly upright, with the head fiightly falling towards the right fhoulder, the arms are horizontally extended, a napkin tied round the loins reaches to the knees, the feet nailed feparately reft on a fquare fcabellum, a titulus of the Roman label ftiape forms part of the crofs itfelf, which is infcribed, IC xC O BACIAEVC THC AOSHC ( Jefus Chrift the King of Glory) ; and on the foot of the crofs (which is faftened into the ground with three wedges) is infcribed + OOC CAP3 nEnON0AC COC Wc UAGCON ATEIC ^ (the E always of the rounded uncial form), beneath which is a leaf with a curved ftem of the claflical form. Over the arms of the crofs are reprefcnted the bufts of the arch- angels MIXAHA and rABPlHA, their names infcribed in vertically arranged letters, their arms are upraifed, they have circular nimbi, and over their heads appear a fix-rayed fun and a crefcent-fhaped moon upon a circular difc (intimating a partial eclipfe). On either fide of the crofs ftand the flender figures of the Virgin and St. John, with circular gemmed nimbi, with upraifed hands, the latter holding his gemmed volume in his left hand. At the foot of the crofs on either fide ftand two fmall figures in imperial Byzantine robes, with crowms on their heads and gemmed nimbi, SS. Conftantine and Helena OA KCONCTANTINOC and H APIA EAENI. The drefifes are admirably wrought, thofe of the Virgin and St. John efpecially calling to mind thofe of the Fejervary figure of St. John the Baptift, ante No. 175. On each of the two volets are reprefcnted, within circular difcs feparated by elegant foliage, the bufts of four faints. On the left: wing : I. St. John the Precurfor OA^ ICJO O nPOAPO^ , holding a flender crofs (in figure and features abfolutely identical with the Pulfzky piece above-mentioned).^ 2 . St; Paul o APIOC nAVAOC, thin, with a long ^ “ As flefli thou haft fuffered j as God, having fuffered, thou redeemeft.” 2 When the word APlOC is contra6led into the letter A, it is placed as a fmall A within the preceding article O, with a fmall tranfverfe ftroke above it. 3 It is furprifmg that M, Pulfzky in defcribing the Fejervary St. John, did not notice this identity. 84 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. beard, and holding a book. 3. St. Stephen o AnoC CTE4»ANOc, young, beardlefs, and holding a roll. 4 . St. John Chryfoftom OA ICO O XPVCOCTOM ^ , old, with a fhort beard, holding a book, and wearing the broad pallium of the Greek church. 5. St. Cofmas o AFIOC COCMAC, the phyfician, holding a llender ftyle and an obje6t which has been called a box of medicaments. On the right wing ; — 6. St. Elias, OA HAIAC re- fembling St. John oppofite, but with both hands outfpread. 7. St. Peter O Anoc nETPOC, with a fliort beard and without the tonfure, holding a crofs in his left hand. 8. St. Pantaleemon, the phyfician, OA nANTAAEHMON, young, and bearing his medicine box and ftyle like St. Cofmas. 9. St. Nicholaus o APIOC NIKOAAOC, holding a book and clad in the broad pallium. 10. St. Damian O APIOC AAMIANOC. On the exterior of the right wing of the triptych is an elegant crofs reprefented with the infcription, ic XC NI KA (No. 202 ^, Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique II., pi. 57 ; Didron, Ann. Archeol. vol. XVIII., p. 109, and tab. ann. ; Oldfield, Cat. Arundel Soc. Fi6l. Iv. cl. vii. f. {i 87 ^ ’58. 26. ABLET, with the top rounded, forming part of the Cover X of a Greek Evangeliftiarium in the Bibl. Nat., Paris, nth century. H. 9 f in., W. 6^ in. A tall upright figure of Jefus Chrift (ic, XC), with a cruciferous nimbus, middle-aged, ftanding on a foot-ftool refling on the top of a cupola, refembling that of St. Sophia, at Conflantinople, fupported on a circular arcade of fmall rounded arches. His hands are extended and refling upon the heads of two figures Handing on either fide of Him (and of the fame fize with Him) crowned, with infulae hanging down to the fhoulders, and clad in gorgeous robes covered with jewels. The infide of the outer robe of the male figure fhows a large Greek crofs, and the outer robe of the female Handing to the right having the large lozenge-fhaped lati-clavus on the breaH. The male figure is young and beardlefs, and over his head is the infcription, RCOMANOC BACIAETC PODMAIOON (Ro- manus IV., Diogenes, King of the Romans) ; whilH over the head of the female is ETAOKIA BACIAIC POOMAICON (the Queen of the Romans, Eudocia DalafTena). The execution of this piece is extremely careful. It is fuppofed to have been made on the marriage of the two royal perfonages above named, in A.D. 1068. Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 8 5 t'igured, Chifflet, De Linteis Sepulchr. Chrifti, p. 6i ; Ducange, pi. V. ; Gorius, Thes. Dipt., vol. IV, pi. 22 ; Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, Part II. p. 25, pi. 52; Didron, Ann. Archeol. vol. XVIII. p. 197, and tab. ann. ; Revue Archeol., vol. I. pi. 4, 1844. (^SS.) > 3 - 44 - P LAQUE. Byzantine. nth century. Original in the South Kenhngton Mufeum, No. 215. ’ 66 . (Malkell Cat., p. 173.) H. in., W. 5f in. A large central circular difc with two fmaller ones at the top and two at the bottom of the piece. In the centre is a remarkably dignified buft of St. John the Baptift o A ICO O TIPOAPO, with long flowing hair and beard. In the fmaller circles are SS. Philip, Stephen, Andreas, and Thomas. The Angularly fine central figure has been confidered to be that of our Lord, but the features agree precifely with thofe of the grand figure of St. John in the Fejervary ivory, and we know that a place of honour was occafionally accorded to St. John the Baptift, from the pofition he holds in the chair of Ravenna. The infcribed name is alfo clearly his. (^ 89 .) ’58. 117. P LAQUE. Byzantine. nth century. Original in the Douce Collection (Meyrick Mufeum). H. 6 in., L. 1 in. A Angular piece. A very elaborately ornamented arcade of five rounded arches refting upon richly carved columns with foliated capitals and bafes. Beneath the centre arch, which is the wideft, Chrift of the Apocalypfe (ch. i, v. 12-20), ftands upright in rich garments, with a broad golden girdle, holding both arms extended ; His right hand open with a ftar refting on the palm, and fix others below the arm ; the right hand holding the two keys of Hell and of Death ; acrofs His mouth there has evidently been a fword, now broken away, and on His right fide ftand three and on the left fide four tall candlefticks. Around His head a cruciferous nimbus is indicated by faintly incifed lines. Under the fide arches to the left, ftand the Virgin with outftretched hands, in a rich drefs, and an angel with extended wings, ftooping towards the 86 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. Saviour, and under thofe to the right a fimilar angel and St. John, old and bearded, holding a long fcroll in both his hands, infcribed lOHS, clad in a fliaggy cloak. Thefe figures are extremely rude in their defign, but are elaborately tooled, with the folds of the drapery very (hallow and meaninglefs. ’ 73 - 45 - C ENTRAL Piece of a Triptych. Byzantine, nth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Treves ? H. 6 \ in., W. 4J in. Chrift (IC-KC‘) feated on a richly decorated throne and cufhion ; middle aged, bearded, with a gemmiferous and cruciferous nimbus, holding a book in His left hand, His right hand raifed in benedi6lion, with the firft and fecond fingers partly extended. On either fide of His head are feen bufts of the Virgin Mary (mp 0t) and St. John the Baptift (O T ICO O ITPOAP^), and above them are the Archangels MIXAHA and PABPIHA, each holding a fceptre and a globe furmounted by a crofs. (^^^0 • 73 - 46 B ook Cover. Byzantine, nth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle, with central ivory Plaque. 5 in. fquare. The front of this book cover is compofed of chafed metal plates reprefenting the Nativity, Crucifixion, Vifit of the Marys to the Sepulchre, and Afcenfion, with the four evangelical fymbols ; thefe are treated in the late Carlovingian manner. In the centre is an ivory tablet of Byzantine workmanfliip, containing a bull of the Virgin Mary, holding the Infant in her left arm, and wearing a veil extending over the fhoulders, her brows being girt with a fillet which is apparently gemmed. She has a gemmed nimbus, whilft that of the Child is gemmed and cruciferous. He holds a roll in His left hand, and His right is raifed in benediction, with the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers extended. The drapery is arranged in fmall folds. Figured, AuPm Weerth, Denkm, RheinL, pi, 34, f, 2 3 Didron, Annal. Archeol., vol. XX, p, 5, {i 92 .) Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 87 ’ 73 - 47 - B ack of a Book Cover. Byzantine. nth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Aix-la- Chapelle, with two central Plaques of ivory. Each, H. qi in., W. 2^ in. The back of the book cover laft defcribed is of metal chafed up with figures of the four Evangelifts at the corners writing their gofpels, infpired by their facred winged emblems in the clouds, and with a Handing figure of an angel, on each fide ; each of the two central plaques of ivory contains bulls of two faints, each clad in jewelled robes and bearing a fmall devotional crofs, and an aged apollle, one bearing a book, the other, evidently St. John the Bap till, with hands raifed upwards. Each of thefe figures has a plain circular nimbus. AuPm Weerth, Lc.^fupra. {J93,) ’58. 190. QUARE Plaque with funk Panel. 1 2th century. Original ? Byzantine, iith- H. 5 in., W. 4J in. The death of the Virgin, treated in the ordinary Byzantine manner, the dead Virgin relling at full length on a chequered mattrefs raifed on knotted legs, with the head elevated. In the centre Hands a figure of ChriH with a gemmed and cruciferous nimbus, holding the foul of the Virgin in His arms in the lhape of an Infant in fwaddling clothes ; an angel to the left defcending, holding a napkin in his hands ; at the top right-hand corner another fmaller angel flies upwards with the infant- like foul. Thirteen aged, bearded difciples are grouped at the head and foot of the couch, the front one at the head with a cenfer, whilH the front one of the other group Hoops reverently to falute the feet of the Virgin. Another difciple Hands at the further fide of the couch, the heads only of the other eleven difciples being vifible above each other. {^ 94 ,) ’58. 135- MALL Semi-oval Plaque, with funk Panel. Byzantine, nth- 1 2th century. Original — — . ? H. 2| in., W. 8 8 FiBile Ivory Cajls. The death of the Virgin, treated nearly in the fame manner as in the laft defcribed piece. The Virgin, however, lies ftretched at full length on the couch, which is infcribed MP 0v* The Saviour holding the infant-like foul is furrounded by an oval aureola. The angel bearing off the foul at top is replaced by an angel defcending from above, correfponding with the angel on the left-hand fide of the compofition. The mourning difciples are fifteen in number, eight at the head of the couch, the front one with a cenfer 5 one {looping down at the back of the couch beneath the figure of Chrifl ; and fix at the foot of the couch, of which the front one holds the feet of the Virgin in his hand, towards which he alfo bends down his head. The difciple behind him raifes his hands in fupplicatiori towards the Saviour. In a fmall narrow label following the curve of the top of the piece is an infcription in Greek capitals not eafily decipherable in the cafl, but which appears to be H KOIMHCIC THC M. I K, or poffibly H KINHCIC. The deep or the motion of the mother of Jefus Chrift. {i95.) ’ 73 - 48 - R OUND-TOPPED Plaque. Byzantine, nth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 296. ’67. (Mafkell Cat, p. 124.) H. io| in., \V. 5^ in. Divided into three compartments. Above : the death of the Virgin, who lies extended on a draped couch. Six apoflles fland near her head, the foremofl holding an afpergillum (a unique treatment) ; fix others are at her feet. Behind, in the centre, the Saviour holding her infant- like foul, for which two angels above are waiting. The ufual Greek infcription H KOIMHCIC is placed above the couch. In the two lower compartments are eight full length figures of St. Gregory (o NVCHC), Bafil, Paul, Peter, Cofmas, Damian, Nicolas, and St. John, whofe name is followed by the article O, and the monogram of Chrifl on the labarum (P, intended for O nP0AP0M02 XPICTOV). {i96) ’ 73 - 49 - S QUARE Plaque, with funk Panel. Byzantine, nth- 1 2th century. Original in the Royal Library of Wolfen- buttel. H. 5 in., W. 4f in. The death of the Virgin, treated exadlly in the fame manner as in Nos, i94 and The figure of the Saviour is, however, larger Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 8g and more graceful, with the head gracefully bending towards the couch of His dead mother, whilft a group of eight difciples ftand at the head, and eight at the foot of the couch, the two front ones being engaged in the fame manner as in No. 194. >3* P LAQUE. Byzantine. iith-i2th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 295. '67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 123.) H. 9f in., W. 4! in. Divided into three compartments, each containing two feenes : I. a. The Annunciation. The Virgin {landing before a feat with a lofty canopy, the angel with a long rod in his hand. b. The Nativity. The Virgin lying on a couch, above which is the cradle, a ray of glory falling from above on the Holy Child ; angels and fhepherds above ; and below the Child wafhed in a vafe by Salome or Anaflafia, according to the apocryphal gofpels. 2 . a. The Transfiguration. The Saviour, with Mofes and Elias {landing within one very large aureola ; the three difciples are below in different attitudes. b. The Raifing of Lazarus, who {lands fwathed in grave clothes, at the mouth of the tomb ; near his feet are the fmall figures of his two fillers, over whom Chrifl extends His right arm. 3 . a. The Vifit of the two Marys to the Tomb, on which the angel fits, pointing to the grave clothes and napkin, rolled apart ; two foldiers awakening from their fleep. b, Chrifl appearing to the two women, one of whom em- braces His knees. {i98) ’73* 51 - P LAQUE. Byzantine. Part of a Book Cover ? iith- 13th century. Original in the Colledlion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 5^ In., W. 4 in. The Saviour {lands ere6l upon an ornamented footflool, with a cruciferous nimbus, and a fhort beard, holding a book with the left- 90 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. hand and with the right hand raifed in benedidlion ; on either fide ftand the Virgin and the aged St. John, clad in a rough bordered cloak with their hands open. Above their heads are the bufts of two angels of the ordinary late Byzantine type, and thofe of two faints, one young, the other old, and bearded ; workmanfliip fliallow and coarfe. {i99) ’58. 32. P LAQUE. Byzantine. iith~i2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., hi. b. 5.) H. 7 in., W. 4J in. The Defcent of the Holy Ghoft ; or pollibly a reprefentation of one of the Councils of the Church. Above, the heaven is reprefented by a femi-oval bofs marked with ftars, in the middle of which is a fpace from which the figure of the Holy Dove has evidently been broken, and from the fides of which fix curved rays defcend upon the twelve difciples, who are feated in the form of an arch at the fides of the defign one above another. In the middle of the lower part is a round arched fpace, within which ftand fix figures, in converfation, one of them in imperial Byzantine robes and crowned, {200.) ’58. 38. P LAQUE. Part of a Book Cover, nth century. Original in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. H. 6 in., W. in. A feated figure of our Lord, with a cruciferous nimbus, ftiort beard, feet with fandals, holding a book in His lap with His covered left hand, the right raifed in benedidlion as high as His cheft, with the firft and fecond fingers only extended, the palm being towards the fpedlator. He is feated on a very richly-carved Byzantine throne and cuftiion, which have been gilt, and partly coloured with vermilion. This is one of the moft exquifitely finiftied pieces of the later Byzantine work in exiftence ; the drapery is even more delicately tooled than in the Paris triptych of Romanus IV., or the Fejervary St. John. It is mounted on a filver plate, enriched with five gilt ftars (one below the feet of Chrift and with a Greek infcription, praying the blefling of ^ In the Arundel Society’s cafts of this ivory, made from a mould taken by myfelf, this ftar appears, as well as a fmall part of the infcription, which led M. Didron (Ann. Archeol.) to doubt the authenticity of the carving. Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 91 our Lord on His fervant, lEPONTMON lOTAIEAMON (Jerome William Ebner) and his houfe, the carving having been made by his diredlion and fixed on the copy of the beautiful Greek gofpels known as the Codex Ebnerianus. Figured, De Murr, Memorab. Bibl. Publ. Norimb. ii. pi. i. {20i.) ’58. 25 a. O UTSIDE of Leaf of the Triptych of Romanus {ante No. / 57 ). Byzantine. i2th century. Original in the Bibl. Nat., Paris. H. lo in., W. 3 in. In the centre of this piece is fculptured a very elegantly defigned crofs, with a rofette in the centre, and circular difcs at the end of each of the four arms, within the angles of which are infcribed IC . XC . NI . KA . At the bottom is a very elegant but fimple rofette within a large circular difc. {202.) ’58. 104, 138-140, 147, 159-161, 163, 164. T en Plaques, probably portions of a Shrine. Byzantine. Italian, nth- 12th century. Originals in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Salerno. Each, H. in., W. 5 in. Evidently executed by the fame artift, and exhibiting great rudenefs both in defign and execution, thefe pieces are remarkable illuftrations of fcenes not often treated in ivory work, and are of a tranfitional period, which gives them additional value. A. Two compartments. i. Three angels, each with a circular nimbus, Handing ere<51:, two of them with their right hands elevated in the adl of benedi61:ion, in the manner of the Eaftern Church, and hold- ing long wands in their left hands, are converfing with three fhepherds, leaning on their Haves amongH their flieep. 2 . The Maflacre of the Innocents. Herod crowned, is feated within an oval-headed alcove or throne, giving orders to his feveral foldiers, clad in Byzantine armour and helmets, one of whom is Handing on five already murdered infants, and is Habbing a fixth which he holds in his left hand, the mother Handing by with diflievelled hair weeping, with her arms uplifted and hands fpread open ; above, another foldier is fearching for a fecond female, who, with her child in her arms, is concealed within a cave in the upper angle of the piece. 92 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. B. Two compartments. i. The Prefentation of Chrift in the Temple. Tn the middle, above, a Byzantine temple, with cupolas and fmall rounded arches refting upon double-twifted columns, and below an altar draped, the under hanging marked with a ( + ) Maltefe crofs ; at the right ftands Simeon holding out his arms covered with a long hang- ing cloth ; behind him Hannah with upraifed hands and head ; to the left the Virgin holding her fon, who ftruggles forward towards Simeon ; behind her Jofeph with the pair of turtle doves. 2. The Miracle of Cana. Above is a femicircular table, at which are feated the mafter of the feaft richly clothed (fitting on his bent legs), Chrift feated at the left end of the table, from which His head is turned in converfation with His mother, who is at the extreme left. On the table is a fifti on a difti and feveral circular cakes j below are the fix large globular water pots, ftanding on ornamental feet, an attendant brings a large pitcher of water on his ftioulders \ a fecond is emptying another large water velTel, which he ftill holds on his fhoulder, whilft a third, of fuperior rank, with a rod in his hand immerfed into one of the water pots, prefents a chalice to Chrift. C. Two compartments, i. Above, the Crucifixion of Jefus Chrift. The Saviour, of a gigantic fize, with a very fmall head, with a cruci- ferous nimbus, and bearded, with the body bent and writhing, girt with a napkin round the loins, the feet refting fingly on a fcabellum ; the upper arm of the crofs infcribed : lESVS hMSARENVS REX IVDEORVM; on either fide of the crofs: SA MARIA & SCS^ lOHS ; the former looking up to the Saviour with the right hand raifed ; the other, weeping ; above the arms of the crofs the bufts of two angels weeping. 2. Below, to the left, the three foldiers armed with fpear and fword, feated, difputing about the coat of Chrift, for which they are playing at Mora. To the right, Chrift, depofited by Jofeph of Arimathea and an attendant, in a farcophagus ornamented with ftrigils furmounted by a flat arch refting on columns with foliated capitals. D. Two compartments, i. The Birth of Chrift. In the middle, the Virgin, with a large plain circular nimbus, lying on a couch fupported by four ricketty-looking pillars, ornamented with a Greek fret ; above, the Child lapped in fwaddling clothes, without a nimbus, lying on the top of a wall, with the heads of an ox, and an afs, and a ftar ; in the background towers with cupolas ; below, Jofeph feated to the left, a ^ The V (U) in the word Nazarenus is formed by adding an oblique ftroke to the laft ftroke of the preceding N, and the C in SCS is of the angular form. Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 93 water bottle ftanding on a tripod, and an attendant weeping, to the right. 2. The Flight into Egypt. The Virgin (riding on a very fpirited afs), with a large nimbus, holding the Infant (with a cruciferous nimbus), an angel in front leading the way to a Byzantine temple with cupolas, out of an upper window of which a tree is growing ; an attendant in the background holds a large ornamented cup ; Jofeph walking behind the afs ; at the top grape vines and fmall temples. E. Two compartments, i. Chrift Handing erect with a cruciferous nimbus, curing the blind man leaning before Him on a ftaff, by touch- ing his eyes; to the right a man (the cieanfed leper?) wafhing his hands in a fmall jet of water falling from the wall of a building into a ciftern with ornamented Tides ; above, turrets and cupolas. 2. The two Marys bearing pots of fpices and cenfers, at the fepulchre, which is placed in the centre, the lower part open, with pillars at the four angles, fupporting a low roof, on which is a richly decorated tabernacle in two ftoreys, capped by an ornamented cupola. The angel feated to the left, points to the grave clothes (the head napkin lying apart) lying within the fepulchre ; beneath, three foldiers with heads uncovered and armed with fhields and long fpears, fitting afleep on the ground. F. Two compartments, i. The Creator, middle-aged, with a fhort beard and a plain nimbus, holding a roll in His left hand, calls the vegetable world into exiftence, with His outftretched right hand, in the act of benediction with the firfl, fecond, and fourth fingers extended. Before him are two trees fingularly interlaced, and which have already produced a confiderable variety of fruits, amongft which grapes, pears, apples, &c., are vifible. 2. The creation of the heavenly bodies by the Creator in the fame form and attitude. A large circle occupies the right fide of the defign, within which are two fmaller but equal fized circles, including bufts of a male figure clad in Byzantine robes and fquare head-drefs, and of a female with bare head, each holding a flaming torch, reprefenting the fun and moon ; the background of the larger circle powdered with flars of different fizes. An upright twiffed column with an ornamented capital feparates the two compartments. G. The Creation of Eve. The Creator in the fame form and at- titude as in the laff piece, calling Eve, whofe body is half rifen out of the fide of Adam, fleeping acrofs the middle of the piece, at full length, reffing amongff the branches of one of the fruit trees, alfo feen in the preceding piece ; below, flowing away from near the trunk of the tree, are the four rivers of Paradife. H. To the left, in front of a twiffed column, Noah is giving direc- tions to fix workmen who are engaged with various inffruments in 94 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. completing an erecStion of an oblong form intended for the ark 3 two of the workmen are ufing a two-handed faw, others ufe the hammer, adze, and axe. I. Two compartments, i. The facrifice of Ifaac prevented. Ifaac bound hand and foot with ropes and his eyes blindfolded, lying upon an altar. Abraham {landing to the left with fhort fword uplifted in his right hand, having feized his fon’s hair with the left. In the upper left-hand corner, the buft of the Creator (without a nimbus) with out- ftretched hands is feen within a fpace, the margin of which is orna- mented with fmall pellets. Beneath, a ram (without horns) {landing alone. 2 . The Creator (alfo without a nimbus) {landing in the fame form and attitude as in the fcenes of the Creation (where alfo His hair is parted over the forehead), in the a£t of bleffing (with outllretched right hand, the firll, fecond, and fourth fingers extended) Abraham, who reverently bends down before Him. K. Two compartments feparated by a column with a foliated capital. I. Jacob’s Dream. Jacob lying on the ground, his head relling on his hand upon a heap of {lones ; in the left-hand upper corner a brilliant {lar within a fpace, with a decorated border. Acrofs the piece a large ladder (relling on an ornamented fpace in the upper right-hand corner reprefenting heaven), up which two angels are afcending. 2 . The Burning Bu{h. Above, Jehovah (without a nimbus), looks out of a fpace with outftretched arm and hand in the adl of benedidlion, with the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers extended. Beneath, a bu{h with bunches of grapes, the upper branches in {lames ; to the right Mofes reverently {looping, taking olF the (hoe from his right foot, the left being already naked. (203-2i2.) ’ 73 - 5 ^* L id of a Ca{ket. Byzantine. 1 2th century. Original in the Bateman Colledlion, Yolgrave, Derby {hire. L. SJ in., W. in. In the centre {lands a circular callle furmounted with feveral towers, two fmall figures looking out of the open callle-doorway ; on either fide an armed knight of large fize mounted on horfeback, the trappings ornamented with fmall crefcents ; one of the knights is in a fuit of a chain body-armour, and the other in plate armour ; each holds a long fpear, and each wears the low Byzantine circlet and head cap, with pendent gemmed infulae. The cloak of each knight is blown Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 95 towards the caftle, and refembles that of the angels in many of the contemporary Byzantine religious plaques. {2i3.) ’73* 53- F ront of the fame Cafket. Byzantine. I2th century. Original in the Bateman Colle6lion. L. 8-| in., W. 3^ in. The two knights reprefented on the lid of the cafket are here engaged in a combat with a Hon, which is fpringing towards the right- hand knight, who defends himfelf with his fword, his left arm holding a circular fhield j his head is here covered with a circular helmet or fkull cap, “ pot au feu.” The other knight is difcharging an arrow from his bow at the lion, two other arrows flicking in its neck ; this knight wears a helmet peaked in front, with a top ridge of feathers. (2/4.) ’ 58 . P LAQUE. Byzantine. 12th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., iii., b. 5.) H. 6 in., W. 4|- in. The Afcenfion of Jefus Chrlfl. The Saviour, feated upon a gemmed arch within a broadly oval aureola gemmed round the edge, is borne aloft by four awkwardly-defigned angels. He is reprefented as of the middle age, with a gemmed cruciferous nimbus, holding a clofed book on His knee with the left hand, whilfl the right is raifed in benedidlion. Below, in the centre, between two conventional trees, flands the Virgin with uplifted face and hands, and on either fide flands a group of five apoflles, four holding fquare books with jewelled covers, whilfl St. Peter flanding next the Virgin holds a roll. The Virgin alone bears a jewelled nimbus round the head. (2/5.) ’64. 46. D iptych. German Byzantine. loth-iith century. Original in the Royal Library of Munich. H. 6^ in., W. sf In. • The diptych of Bifhop Ulrich of Augfburgh, or more probably of Bifhop Ellenhard of Freyfmg (died A.D. 1058). Two compartments, i. The Crucifixion. The Saviour with a cruciferous nimbus, beard and long flowing hair ; the head fallen on the 96 FiStile Ivory Cajls. right fhoulder, the feet refting apart on a fcabellum. Above, in each angle, bufts of two angels of the ordinary Byzantine type. At the fides of the crofs, the fpear, and fponge-bearers, the latter in a Phrygian cap, holds the pot with vinegar in his left hand. At the Tides, the Virgin, with two female attendants, and St. John weeping with two Jews. 2. The Depofition from the Crofs and Burial. The body of the Saviour is fupported by Jofephof Arimathea, who ftands on a ladder ; the Virgin (with St. John ftanding at her fide) holds one arm of the Chrift whilft one attendant on a ladder draws out the nail from His right hand, and another does the fame with His feet. To the right, the dead body of Chrift, fwathed as a mummy, is borne by Jofeph, attended by the Virgin Mother into a building with a fquare-headed open door. The execution is rude, and the figures are fculptured in deep relief. Figured, Forfter, Denkmale Deutfch. Kunft., vol. VI. (2i6,) ’ 73 * 54 - T 3 L AQUE. Byzantine ? 1 1 th- 1 2 th century. Original X in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 4075. ’57. (Mafkell Cat., p. 13.) H. in., W". 3 in. A branching arabefque defign, with very conventional leaves, amongft which two birds and two deer are feen ; near the top a fmall quadrangular compartment, rn which has fubfequently been carved an angel with outftretched wings and a circular plain nimbus, holding a book with the left, and blefling with the upraifed right hand. ’58. 20. S UNK Panel of a Book Cover. Byzantine. 1 2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., iii. b. 17.) H. in., W. 4f in. The Crucifixion. The robuft figure of Chrift nearly upright, already dead, with the head fallen on the right fhoulder ; cruciferous nimbus ; loins girt with a napkin ; feet affixed feparately, refting on a fcabellum. A diftindf titulus on the upper arm of the crofs, partly hidden by the nimbus. At the foot of the crofs a heap of bones with a fkull. Above the arms of the crofs two weeping angels with upraifed wings, and behind them two faces on fmall circular difcs, reprefenting the fun and moon. At the left fide of the crofs ftand the Virgin and Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. St. John, with circular nimbi and in antique drefl'es, the former with her hand refting on the fhoulder of the latter ; two attendants behind them, one with upraifed hands, the other weeping ; to the right ftand the fponge bearer and four foldiers in Byzantine armour ; one refting a circular fhield on the ground, the three others holding fpears, the foremoft of whom is evidently intended for Longinus. Labarte expreftes doubts on the authenticity of this piece which I cannot adopt. Caft in Arundel Soc. Ser. No. vii. b. {2i8.) > 3 - 55 - LAQUE, with deeply-funk Panel. 13th century. Original ^ Byzantine. 1 2th- H. 5 in., W. 4^ in. In the centre, a very tall figure of the Virgin ftanding ereft, bearing the Holy Child on her left arm, the latter has a cruciferous nimbus. His right hand raifed in benedi61:ion and His left holding a roll. The head of the Virgin is fmall (|^th of the entire figure), the attitude eafy and the drapery gracefully arranged. On either fide, above, are the bufts of two angels of the ufual Byzantine type with upraifed hands, and at the foot of the Virgin on the left-hand fide lying on the ground, and clafping one of her feet, lies the proftrate body of a male figure in a richly bordered robe, probably intended for the perfon for whom it was made. A fimilar proftrate figure is feen in the Ivory of Otho II. and Theophania in the Hotel Cluny (figured in Les Arts Somptuaires). Compare alfo the Paris triptych of Conftantine and Helena. . {219.) ’58. 100, lOI. P ORTIONS of the Top of an Ivory Chair ? Byzantine ? Original in the Douce Collection (Meyrick Mufeum). Together, L. 25 in., central part 2 in. deep. Two halves of a long curved ornamented piece of ivory, wideft in the middle and tapering to the end, each of which terminates in a lion’s head bent backwards. It is difficult to decide as to the ufe of this beautifully ornamented ivory. In the broadeft part, which is alfo the thickeft, there is on the plain under fide a deep fquare hole (J of an inch by ^ inch) by which it was doubtlefs affixed to fome obje61: as, for inftance, the top of the back of a throne ; the upper furface is alfo plain, but in the middle 30670. G FiSiile Ivory Cajis. 98 on both front and back is a circle deeply fculptured, inclofing, on one fide, an eagle holding a book, and, on the other, a winged lion with a head more like that of a dragon alfo holding a book (emblems of SS. Mark and John) ; round each of thefe figures is a broad richly foliated circle, from which extends both along the left and right arm or end an excellently defigned arabefque of branches and foliage, amongft which are feen men and monftrous birds and beafts, with flowers of a very conventional but elegant charadler. The execution of this piece is very careful and the effedl: very rich. Defcribed and partially figured by Mr. Malkell, S. K. Iv., p. Ixxiv. and p. 178 . {220, 22L) 'SS- 63 , 65 . T WO Leaves of Diptych. Byzantine. 12th- 13th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Each leaf, H. 8 in., W. 5^ in. Firfl: leaf. A fine figure of Chrifl:, fix inches high, ftanding on a footftool, reprefented with a fhort beard and a gemmed and cruciferous nimbus, the right hand raifed in benediction, the left hand holding a fcroll, the drapery well defigned but not deeply cut. In the angles, above, the bulls of two angels with uplifted hands of the ordinary Byzantine type. On either fide of Chrifl: are fix apoftles with the bodies bent in adoration, one above the other, forming two vertical rows without the flightefl: variation either in attitude or features. Second leaf. The Crucifixion. The body of the Saviour perfeClly upright, draped only round the loins, the head bent towards the right Ihoulder, with a cruciferous nimbus, the feet apart refting on a fcabellum, two angels above the arms of the crofs with uplifted hands (counter- parts of thofe in the other leaf) ; the crofs refts on a fmall mound, at the bottom of which the upper part of a Ikull is vifible. To the left of the crofs ftand the Virgin and youthful St. John, and two aged dif- ciples to the right. The chief figures, efpecially thofe of the Virgin and St. John, are greatly attenuated. {222, 223.) ’ 58 . 132 . O VAL Plaque. Ruflb-Byzantine. 12th century. in the Colledlion of Mr. Nightingale. H. W. 2J in. Original 2| in.. IX. SAUCER-SHAPED RUSSO-CREEK PANACIA. Seventeenth^?') Century. No. ’73. 56. (p. 99 ) Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. 99 The Saviour bearded, with a cruciferous nimbus infcribed with the letters o. CO* N. (the Creator) feated on a rich Byzantine throne, the right hand raifed to the breaft in the a6l of benediction in the Greek manner, and holding an open book with a Sclavonic infcription with the left hand. On the lower part of the garment of Chrift is infcribed a large S. In the background are feraphim. The figure is difproportionately tall and the workmanfhip is fharp and good. ( 224 .) ’58- 131- P LAQUE. Ruflb-Byzantine. 13th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 381. ’71. (Malkell Cat, p. 139.) H. 3^ in., W. 2 ^ in. A figure of the Saviour, feated on a Byzantine throne, aged, and of fpare figure, with a Ihort beard, flowing hair and a cruciferous nimbus, infcribed o. 0). N., with the right hand raifed in benediction, and the left hand holding an open book with a Sclavonic infcription. The figure is tall but graceful, and the drapery arranged in elegant folds. ( 225 .) ' 73 - 56, 57- T he two Pieces of a faucer-fliaped Panagia. Ruffo-Greek. 17 th century ? Original in the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican. Diam. 4f in. Saucer-fhaped panagia with its flightly convex cover, ufed for hold-, ing minute fragments of the confecrated bread, i. In the centre of the faucer is an extremely fpirited reprefentation of the three angels who vifited Abraham, fitting at meat, being the very common manner of fymbolizing the Trinity in Ruffian Chriftian art ; around which are ten fmall circles, containing the Salutation, Birth of Chrift, Prefentation in the Temple, the Baptifm of Chrift, Chrift raifing Lazarus, Chrift riding into Jerufalem, the Transfiguration, Chrift bringing perfons out of Hades, the Defcent of the Holy Ghoft, and the Death of the Virgin. All the open fpaces are filled with Sclavonic infcriptions, of which there is alfo a very long one round the rim. 2 . The convex cover contains in the centre the Crucifixion, furrounded by twelve fmall circles containing bufts of faints. ( 226 ^ 227 .) lOO FiEiile Ivory Cajls. ’73- S8, 59- T he two Pieces of a faucer-fhaped Panagia. Ruflb-Greek. 17 th century? Original in the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican. Diam. 4|- in. Saucer-ftiaped panagia, with its flightly convex cover, i. In the centre of the faucer is a reprefentation of the Virgin and Child, treated in a moft conventional manner, the former with her arms raifed and hands open like one of the Orantes of the Catacomb frefcoes, the Child feated on her lap, the ground powdered with ftars and infcribed MP 0T ; furrounded by twelve fmall circles vi^ith bulls, two crowned, apparently male and female, probably the perfonages by whofe order the obje6l was made, the reft probably intended for the prophets, each with a long fcroll. The open fpaces and rim filled with Sclavonic infcriptions. 2 . The convex cover has in the centre three full length figures of SS. Gregory, Bafil, and Ivan, furrounded by twelve fmall circles, each with the bull of a faint. {228, 229.) ’73. 60, 61. T he two Pieces of a fmall Panagia. Ruffo-Greek. 17th century ? Original in the Kunll Kammer, Berlin. (Re- prod. Verz., iii., b. 104, 105.) Diam. 2 in. I. Small circular faucer- lhaped difc, two inches in diameter, with a rudely-defigned figure of the BlelTed Virgin, infcribed MP IC XC with the arms raifed and hands widely open. In her lap is feated the Infant Chrift with a plain nimbus. Around the rim is a long infcription in Sclavonic church-charadlers. 2. The convex cover has in the centre, within a funk circular panel, a bull of St. Nicholas, infcribed NHKOAA, in archiepifcopal robes, with the right hand raifed to the breaft in the adl of benedidlion. {230, 23i.) ’73. 6z, 63. F ront and Back of a fmall Ivory Crofs. RulTo-Greek. lyth-iSth century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Copenhagen. H. 2f in., W. of arms in. This fmall piece is carved in the form of a crofs, the upper arm being occupied by an infcription in Ruflb-Sclavonic letters. On the X- HUSSO-BYZ/VNTINE TABLET. Sixteenth (?) Century, Xo. ’55. 28. (p. loi.) Byzantine and Rujfo-Greek Ivories. lOI two fide arms of the front are the bufts of two faints, whilft an ex- traordinarily attenuated full length figure of a third faint in ecclefiaftical robes occupies the ftem and centre part of the crofs. Reverfe. Six fmall fquares, fcenes of the life of Chrift, each with an infcription in Sclavonic text. The Nativity, the Prefentation in the Temple, Chrift riding into Jerufalem, the Transfiguration, and two other groups. { 232 , 233 ) ’55- 28. T ablet. Ruftb-Byzantine. i 6 th(.^) century. Original in the Soane Mufeum, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London. H. 4^ in., W. 3^ in. The glorification of the Virgin. In the centre, on a circular difc, feated upon a Byzantine throne, is the Virgin holding the Infant Saviour on her lap ; around the circle are arranged a number of angels, two of whom hold long wands. The background is occupied with an elaborate mafs of temples with numerous rounded domes and cupolas, flanked by very conventional trees. The centre temple is infcribed IC XC. Below are grouped a vaft concourfe of faints (male and female) in feveral rows, apparently reprefenting the whole hierarchy of the RulTo-Greek Church. Thefe little figures, three-quarters of an inch high, are fculptured with the greateft care, fo that the minute diftindtions in their ecclefiaftical robes can be clearly made out. Along the top edge of the carving is an infcription confifting of nearly fixty minute Sclavonian capitals in relief, and there are other inscriptions in different parts of the piece, efpecially within the central circular difc. This is a perfedfly marvellous fpecimen of RulTo-Greek art, of which almoft a duplicate exifts in the Chriftian mufeum of the Vatican. { 234 .) SECTION IV.—CARLOVINGIAN IVORIES, 9IB, lom, and BEGINNING OF ! I TB CENTURIES. ’73- 64. CEPTRE. Carlovingian. 9th century. Original in theTreafury of the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle. L. 23^ in. This llender ivory rod is traditionally confidered to have belonged to Charlemagne ; it has two large plain bolTes, one near the bottom and one at the top, a dove with expanded wings, two inches high, fitting on the latter. Such fceptres are feen on fome of the confular diptychs defcribed above. [235,) ’73- 65. O NE of the Plaques affixed to the Pfalter of Charles le Chauve.^ 9th century. Original in the Bibl. Nat, Paris. H. in., W. 3 J in. Above in the clouds is a full length figure of Jefus Chrift within an oval vefica pifcis, attended by four angels on each fide. In the centre is an angel fitting on an oblong feat and cufhion holding an infant in his arms. On either fide a roaring lion about to fpring at the child. Below, a group of eight warriors armed with fpears, fwords, and arrows looking upwards towards two angels armed with long rods with crolTes and banners, and beneath them are four men who had commenced digging a pit but who are overthrown and fallen in their labour. This * The other plaque, of which we have no call, reprefents tlie ftory of David and the wife of Uriah. (2 Sam. ch. xii.) Carlovingian Ivories. 103 is evidently an illuftration of one of the Pfalms of David, in which he calls for the interpofition of God to defend his foul (always reprefented in mediaeval art as an infant) againft his enemies.’- Defigned with great fpirit and executed in very deep relief with the greateft care. Figured, Baftard, Orn. des MSS. Fran^ais ; Cahier and Martin, Melanges d’Archeologie, 2d livraifon ; Sere, Les Arts au Moyen Age ; Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Album, pi. 38, 39, both plaques. The Abbe Cahier in his mernoir on this ivory, overlooking the fadf of its attachment to the Pfalter of Charles le Chauve, as well as the fubje rex IVDAEORV. At either fide of the Saviour ftand the Virgin and St. John, weeping. In the angles above the arms of the crofs, two bufts ; one, male, with a radiating crown, the other, female, with a crefcent on the head, reprefenting Sol and Luna. Below, at the fides, ftand the fpear and the fponge bearers, with the bodies much contorted, as required by the reftricfted fpace beneath the feet of the Virgin and difciple. The defign may be advantageoufly contrafted with that of the Crucifixion, in the Gofpels of Charles the Bald (?), Bibl. Imp., Paris, No. 257 , copied in ‘‘ Les Arts Somptuaires.” { 254 .) ’73- 67. P alimpsest Plaque. Frankifh. 9th or loth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 266. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 107.) H. 6-J in., W. 4 in. 30670. H FiSiile Ivory Cajls. 1 14 On the reverfe of the Roman plaque, defcribed (No. 68 *), within a foliated border is reprefented at the top the Crucifixion of Chrift and the two thieves ; Chrift with a cruciferous nimbus (without the titulus) is draped from the neck to the feet (which are feparately faftened on the fcabellum) ; on either fide ftand Longinus and the Virgin, and the fponge bearer and St. John, weeping. The arms of the thieves are thrown back over the arms of their crolTes, and their ankles are faftened to them with ropes. A ferpent is twined at the foot of the Saviour’s crofs. In the middle, on the right fide, is feated a female with a large turreted nimbus, holding a banner over her right fhoulder, as in No. 249 . Near her ftand a warrior with a round ftiield, and a female holding a trident. To the left three men ftanding at what feems to be a ftand with three legs, apparently calling lots for the coat of Chrift, lying beneath the ftand. In the centre is the tomb, like a fmall temple, with a circular tower and cupola, in front of which is feated the angel, towards whom the three Maries approach from the left ; to the right are two foldiers awaking affrighted, one throwing his leg into the air ; beneath the fepulchre a figure is coming out of a coffin. At the bottom are repre- fentations of Earth and Sea, the latter an aged man with a cornu- copia and a vafe, from which water is ftreaming ; the former, a female with a cornucopia and infant, and a fnake twined round her left arm. ( 255 .) ’73. 68. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. Carlovingian. 9th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 257. ’67. (Mafkell Cat, p. loi.) H. 5^ in., W. 3f in. Divided into two compartments. In the lower, Chrift is feated at table, on which are veflels laden with fruits and a fmall loaf marked with a crofs j at His feet Mary kneels wiping them with her hair. Four guefts are at the table, and two attendants prefent wine cups from flagons on the ground. In the upper compartment, Chrift riding into Jeriifalem, the people round Him bearing palm branches, and fpreading their clothes on the ground. Each compartment furrounded by a foliated border. This has been carved on the back of portion of a former piece, on which was moft rudely carved the Baptifm of Chrift, and St. John preaching in the Wildernefs, which has been miftaken for part of the fcene of the Afcenfion. Figured, Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Atlas Sculpt, pi. 12. Sold at the Soltykoff fale to Mr. Webb, for 1,390 francs. ( 256 .) Carlovingian Ivories. 115 ’58. II 3 - F irst Leaf of a Palimpfeft Diptych. Carlovingian. 9th or loth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 254. ’67. (Malkell Cat., p. loi.) H. 5^ in., W. 2I in. An ornamental defign in low relief, confifting of two fquare com- partments, I finches fquare, in the upper of which are two birds, and in the lower two goats tied together uniformly with interlacing bands, in the manner of the early Anglo-Saxon drawings. The entire border and the fpace between the fquares are filled with a flowing arabefque defign of branches and foliage, in which are fancifully introduced birds and beafts. About one-eighth of an inch of the top border has been cut away to make it fit the defign fubfequently carved on the reverfe. (257.) ’58. 108. R everse of the firft leaf of a Palimpfeft Diptych. Late loth or nth century. German ? Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 254. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 100.) This is the other fide of the plaque laft defcribed (No. 257), The Afcenfion of our Lord, treated in a manner which recalls the later Anglo-Saxon ftyle of illumination. Above in the centre the Saviour ftruggling upwards, partly refting upon an oval aureola, with an ornamental border. He has a cruciferous nimbus, and His arms are extended. On either fide is an angel with upraifed wings, ftanding on a bank of clouds, the one to the left, with the upper part of the body bent at nearly a right angle (as in the Anglo-Saxon drawings, circa A.D. 1000 ). Below, amongft trees, of a very conventional charadler, the Virgin and two groups of apoftles ft and looking upwards, the drefs of the former according with that of the Virgin in the fame clafs of manu- fcripts, the outer garments being in the form of a chafuble, raifed over the arms. The ground alfo is treated in the fame manner as in the Anglo-Saxon illuminations. The whole enclofed within a neat foliated border. {258.) FiEiile Ivory Cajls. 1 16 ’58. 112. S ECOND Leaf of a Palimpfeft Diptych. Carlovingian. 9th or loth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 253. '67. (Malkell Cat., p. 100.) H. 5-|- in., W. in. The Laft Judgment, treated in a remarkable manner. In the centre, above, the Saviour feated vv^ithin a plain oval aureola, holding in each hand a large oblong label, on one of which are to be feen, partially effaced, the words “ VENITE BENEDICTI PATRIS MEI TCIPITE REGNUM VOB^,” Matt. xxv. 34. (The V ulgate has ‘‘ poflidete paratum vobis regnum.” The words “ Dif- cedite a me maledi6li in ignem aeternum (ib. 41), having doubtlefs been infcribed on the other fcroll.) On either fide of the Saviour are three angels blowing long trumpets. Beneath the feet of the Saviour is an angel fummoning the dead out of their coffins (the fpirits of thefe revivified bodies are feen approaching them in the fhape of doves ; and below to the left is a decorated fquare-headed doorway, in front of which ftands an angel welcoming feveral of the bleffed ; whilfl on the right fide is a cave (furmounted by a temple with round towers and domes) within which is a gigantic beaft’s head, towards which feveral of the damned are approaching, one with bent body, having had his head feized by the beafPs mouth. Entirely furrounded by a narrow border of fmall circular ornaments, of which the upper portion has been cut off to fit the plaque for the fubfequent Palimpfeft fculpture. ( 259 .) ' 73 - 71* R everse of the fecond Leaf of a Palimpfeft Diptych. Late loth or nth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 253. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 99.) H. 5i in., W. 3i in. This is the other fide of the fecond leaf of the Palimpfeft diptych laft defcribed. The Transfiguration of Jefus Chrift. Above, the Saviour ftands ere(ft within an oval aureola. His feet being furrounded by a fmaller circular one. He is young and beardlefs, with a cruciferous nimbus. ^ See Weftwood in Journ. Arch. Inftit., xiv. p. 362, and Mifs Twining, Chriftian Emblems, pi. 74.. Carlovingian Ivories. II 7 holding a roll with His left covered hand, and the open right hand raifed upwards. Above the head of Chrift is the open hand of the Father protruding from the clouds. On either fide ftand Mofes and Elias, with plain circular nimbi. Below, in crouching attitudes, are the three difciples, the centre one awakening in dread. Above them are the three fmall tabernacles they fubfequently propofed to build, in the fhape of fmall fquare towers. Surrounded by a foliated border. { 260 .) ’73. 69, 70. T WO Plaques of a Book Cover? Carlovingian. loth century. Originals in the South Kenfington Mufeum, Nos. 255 and 256. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. loi.) Each, H. 3^ in., W. 2|- in. Firft plaque. — The Transfiguration. Chrift in the centre ftanding within an oval aureola, the Divine Hand extended from above. The three apoftles below. Second plaque. — The Saviour, attended by four apoftles, in the acft of curing the leper, who bends before Him, and whofe body is entirely covered with difeafe fpots. In the lower divifion the Saviour is curing the blind man, who is attended by three men, one of whom adls as his guide. Excellent workmanftiip. Each plaque entirely furrounded by a foliated border. {^^^i 262 .) ’65. 112. S QUARE Plaque, part of a Reliquary ? North Italian ? 9th century. Original in the Public Library of the Mufeum, Ravenna. H. 5 in., W. qf in. In the centre, within a circle 3! inches in diameter with a narrow border ornamented with a Greek lozenge fret, is reprefented the buft of our Saviour, of the juvenile type, without beard, and with long flowing hair, and a cruciferous nimbus. He holds a book in His left hand (infcribed in ink IC * XC * ), and has His right hand raifed with all the fingers extended. In each of the four angles, outfide the circle, is boldly defigned foliage. The whole furrounded by a fquare foliated border. { 263 .) The Ravenna Mufeum pofiTelTes a correfponding plaque with the buft of St. Matthew, of which we have not a caft. Both are photo- graphed in the Ricci feries of Ravenna antiquities. FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’58. 75. QUARE Plaque of a Reliquary ? North Italy ? Ori- ginal in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 269. '67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 109.) H. 5 in., W. 4f in. This is the companion to the laft defcribed piece (No. 263 ')^ and is ornamented in a precifely fimilar manner. In the centre an admirably defigned and carefully executed eagle, with outftretched wings, a plain circular nimbus round its head, and a book held in its talons. Originally this was probably one of four fimilar pieces with the fymbols of the whole of the Evangelifts, of which the Ravenna angel of St. Matthew was another ; the Chrift in No. 263 forming the centre piece. Mr. Mafkell refers this piece to the twelfth century (p. 109). Had he known the companion pieces above defcribed he would, doubtlefs, have given it an earlier date. { 264 .) ’ 73 - 7 ^- OWER Half of one Leaf of a Diptych. German. 9th J ^ or loth century. Original in the Bateman Coll., Yol- grave, Derbylhire. H. 4 in., W. 4f in. The Defcent of the Holy Ghoft. The eleven apoftles are fitting in two rows, converging together above ; four on each fide, and three in a crofs row at top, the apex of the triangle being occupied with the outftretched hand of God, from which ilTue ftreams of fire refting on the heads of the difciples. In the two upper angles are two temples, one with a fquare headed doorway and the other with rounded arches refting on capitals fluted or twifted, and with curtains looped at the fides. In the open triangular fpace below is reprefented a font ftanding on lion’s feet, compofed of an arcade of columns with mafks between fome of them. The fides and bottom with a rich foliated border. { 265 .) ’ 73 - 73 - EAF of a Diptych. German.? 9th or loth century. JL^ Original in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. 7^ in., W. jf in. Carlovingian Ivories. 119 Five compartments, the centre one extending acrofs the plaque, with two above and two below. The four fmaller ones contain fymbolical fcenes from the Old Teftament hiftory, the larger central one, the Prefentation of the Infant Chrift in the Temple, here repre- fented in the Byzantine cupola ftyle of Sandia Sophia, with rounded arches refting upon twifted columns. The Holy Child is held in the outftretched arms of His mother above an altar covered with a napkin, on the other fide of which Simeon ftands with outftretched arms, alfo covered with a ceremonial veil or napkin, to receive the Infant. To the left, behind the Virgin, is an attendant holding the pair of turtle doves, and behind Simeon another figure (Hannah?), holding a long fcroll bearing the letters A N. In the left upper compartment Mofes, reverently advancing with upraifed arms, receives the tables of the law from the outftretched hand of Jehovah in a cloud. Behind are two figures reprefenting the children of Ifrael, above whofe head is a ftar emitting a ray of light, which falls on their heads, evidently the ftar foretold to arife out of Jacob. (Numbers, xxiv. 17.) In the right upper compartment the intended typical Sacrifice of Ifaac, lying upon an altar, is flopped by the hand of God, extending out of heaven ; at the foot, to the right, is feen the ram caught in the thicket, and behind Abraham, his attendant holding the afs. In the left lower compartment the Jewifh High Prieft, carrying the typical Lamb of the PafTover to the Temple in his arms j and in the right lower compartment Melchizedek ftands in front of a tree, holding a flagon and a loaf in his outftretched hands. The deeper meaning of the compofition is explained by the Epiftle to the Hebrews, where Melchizedek is put in oppofition to the High Prieft, and Chrift is called a prieft after the order of Melchizedek, not to the order of Aaron ; and where the contraft of the old and the new creed, and of the yearly atoning facrifice and the final death facrifice of Chrift, is more fully developed.” (Pulfzky.) (266.) ’65. 103, 104. T WO Plaques of a Book Cover. Carved by the Monk Tutilo of St. Gall. 9th century. Originals in the Library of the Monaftery of St. Gall, Switzerland. Each, H. 12 in., W. 5 in. The Glorification of the Saviour. In the centre Chrift feated within an oval aureola, infcribed with the A and CO, beardlefs with long flowing I 20 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. hair, His right hand raifed, holding a fmall book, and His left raifed and open. The feet on a foot-ftool. At the top of the aureola the Eagle of St. John, and the Angel of St. Matthew, and below it the Lion of St. Mark and the Bull of St. Luke. Over the two former are bufts, holding torches ; one, Sol, with the cloak faftened on the fhoulder, with a fibula, with a radiating nimbus ; the other, Luna, with the head furmounted by a crefcent. Below the Lion and Bull, are allegorical reprefentations of Earth and Water, the former a female figure fuckling an infant, and holding a cornucopia with her left hand ; the latter, an aged man, refting on a fea monfler and holding a water- pot in his right hand, from which the water flows in the antique manner. On either fide of the aureola ftands a fix-winged cherubim, and at the four angles of the compofition are feated the Evangelifts, St. Matthew writing on a long roll, St. Mark on a large fquare book, St. Luke fharpening his ftyle, and St. John writing on fmall tablets. The infcription, in finely formed Roman capitals, HIC RESIDET XPC VIRTUTUM STEMMATE SEPTUS,” occurs on two bands, above and below the defign. The top and bottom of the plaque are ornamented by admirably defigned foliage. Figured, Forfter, Denkmale Deutfch. Kunfl, vol. i. Figure of the upper and central divifions, Otte, Handb. d. Kirkl. Kiinfl: Archaol. p. 185 and pi. oppofite. {267.) Back plaque. In three compartments. At top, fcrollwork and foliage, extremely bold and fharply cut, within the upper central fcroll a tiger pouncing upon a deer, full of life. In the middle is the ‘‘ASCENSIO SCE MARIE.” The Virgin with long flowing hair and a flaming circular nimbus, ftands upright in the centre with upraifed hands ; the folds of her drefs are quite childiftily treated. On either fide ftand two angels with upraifed wings of good defign and fmaller in fize than the central figure. Below are fcenes in the legendary hiftory of St. Gall. To the right, below, is the faint lying afleep on the ground ; above he is ftanding among plants, giving a loaf of bread to a bear ftanding eredl, infcribed S GALLV^ PANE PORRIGIT VRSO. To the left (feparated from the right fcene by an ere61: crofs on which hangs a fatchel) the bear in return brings a log of wood to St. Gall, who ftands eredf, holding his fhort paftoral ftafF (Cambatta)^ in his left hand, whilft his right is raifed in the acft of benedi 6 tion. In both defigns the fainPs head is enveloped in his cowl. (268.) ^ The Cambatta of St. Gall is ftill preferved in the Treafury of the Cathedral. XT. plaqcje-back: of a book cover*-st. gall XhitJi Ct’viuyv- Carlovingian Ivories. I 21 ’65. 105. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. Executed at St. Gall. 9th century. Original in the Library of the Monaftery of St. Gall (affixed on the Evangelium longum Sci. lohannis,” No. 60). H. 10 in., W. 3^ in. A finely defigned arabefque of branches and foliage forming fix pairs of whorls, the three alternate ones filled in with large vine leaves admirably drawn and fharply cut, whilfi: the three others are occupied J by attacks of lions, bears, tigers, and wolves upon oxen, fheep, and other animals, full of life and ferocity. {269.) 54- 65. L ong Plaque of a Book Cover? German ? 9 th or loth century. Original in the Britiffi Mufeum. H. 14^ in., W. 4 in. The Nativity and Baptifm of Chrift. At the bottom, within an elaborate architedlural defign, the Virgin “ MARIA” lies upon a couch with “ lOSEP ” feated to the left ; the Holy Child with a cruciferous nimbus lies on the ‘‘ PRESEPE DNI,” with heads of ox and afs. Above a (landing angel fpeaks to the three (hepherds, with their flocks, « ANGELUS AD PASTORES AIT ADNUNCIO VOBIS GAUDIUM MAGNU.” In the centre an ornamented circle enclofing four angels, each hold- ing a fmall crofs infcribed “ GLORIA IN EXSELSIS DO ET IN TERRA PAX (the latter word formed as the labarum). At the top ‘‘ BAPTISMU DOMINI.” The Saviour immerfed to the waift in a large ornamented vafe. His head bears the cruciferous nimbus ; above His head the Holy Spirit defcends from the open hand of God, infcribed “ PATERNA VOX.” The Baptifl: to the left touches the forehead of Chrift j an angel to the right bears His garments ; below the Baptift lOH ANN.,” with outftretched hands, points out the Saviour ‘‘ IHS” to his followers, bearing a fcroll infcribed “ ECCE AGNUS DI.” 122 FtEiile Ivory Cajls. The whole furrounded by foliated border of flowery defign. The flyle of the figures clofely refembles that of the miniatures in the finefl: Caroline Bibles. Figured, Vetufta Monumenta, vol. v. pi. 31. { 270 ,) ’73- 74- P LAQUE of a Book Cover ? German. 9th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 150. ’66. (Mafkell Cat, p. 68.) H. 7 in., W. 4-| in. Two compartments feparated and furrounded by a broad acanthus leaf border, a decorated ftar appearing within the upper margin. Above is the offering of the Magi, who approach the Virgin holding their gifts in flattened difhes held by the outflretched covered hands, and wearing Phrygian caps. Jofeph ffands behind the chair of the Virgin. Below, the Prefentation in the Temple. To the right of the altar Simeon flands with outftretched covered hands ; to the left the Virgin holding the Child above the altar ; behind her Jofeph holding the turtle doves and a female attendant. ’58. 95.96. T WO Leaves of a Diptych. German? 9th or loth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle. Each leaf, H. 12 in., W. 4 in. Firfl: leaf. Three fquare compartments, each furrounded by a foliated border: i. A group of difciples ftanding in difputation ; 2 . The lafl: fupper, Chrift feated at the left fide of a round table on which loaves and fifhes are laid, the wall of the apartment hung with drapery 5 3 . Chrifl: and two difciples walking to Emmaus. The figures are well defigned, but their forms are very fliort. Second leaf. Three fquare compartments with foliated borders : I. The incredulity of St. Thomas ; 2 . Chrilf with outftretched arms ftanding before a caftellated building, bleffing His difciples ; 3 . Chrift difcourfing with His difciples. In all thefe groups Chrift is reprefented as young and beardlefs, but with a cruciferous nimbus. Figured, both plaques, Auf’m Werth, Denk. Rheinl., pi. 36 , fig. 8 . {27 2 y 273,) Carlovingian Ivories. 123 ’65. 108. P LAQUE. German? 9th or loth century. Original in the colledlion of M. Uzielli. H. 5-I in., W. The fcene of Daniel in the Lion’s Den treated in a remarkable manner. Daniel is feated within a fquare frame, with uplifted hands and a plain nimbus round his head, a number of lions lying around him. To the right, ftanding on one of the lions, is a figure of Habakkuk with a nimbus, holding a large bundle of food in his arms, whilfl: an angel from above places his hand upon the ftanding figure as his guide. To the left, at the brink of the den, ftands the King Darius crowned, holding a ^ long fceptre in his left hand, his right hand raifed in the attitude of furprife. He is attended by an officer bearing a fword of the Carlo- vingian form ; the whole furmounted by an architedlural defign with caftellated turrets, and enclofed in a narrow foliated border. ( 274 .) ’64. 47. P LAQUE of Front of a Book Cover. German. 9th or loth century. In the Royal Library, Munich, from the Treafury of the Cathedral of Bamberg. H. yf in., W. in. The Baptifm of Chrift treated in a remarkable manner. In the centre, below, the Saviour ftands upright with His arms hanging down at the fides of His body in the water, which rifes like a mountain up to His loins. He is beardlefs and nimblefs. To the right ftands the Baptift, a very impofing figure, with his right hand elevated towards the head of the Chrift, his left hand holding up his garment. To the left a graceful angel holds the garments of the Saviour with covered hands. At the top the open hand of the Father is extended from a cloud, with groups of angels on either fide with uplifted hands, and in the middle the Holy Dove defcending with a triple ray of light extending from its beak to the head of the Saviour. At the fides two admirable figures (male and female) holding torches reprefenting the fun and moon, extend one of their hands towards the Dove. Figured, Forfter, Denkm. Deutfch. Kunft, vi. 1855 . The back plaque of this book cover reprefents the Annunciation and the Birth of Chrift 5 and is figured by Forfter, Denkm. Deutfch. Kunft, vol. ii. ( 275 .) 1 24 FiStile Ivory Cajis. ’64 43- LAQUE of the Cover of the Gofpels of the Emperor X Henry II. 9th century. Original in the Royal ' Library of Munich, from the Treafury of the Cathedral of Bamberg. H. 1 1 in., W. 6 in. At the top on each fide, within a foliated circle, is Sol in a quadriga with a circular nimbus, and Luna in a fimilar chariot, drawn by four oxen, a circular nimbus and crefcent on her forehead ; in the centre the hand of God coming out of a cloud, beneath which are three angels floating in the air above the crofs, on which hangs the Saviour, with a cloth round the loins ; on each fide is the fponge and fpear bearer ; alfo on the left fide of the crofs a female holds up a banner and a chalice to catch the blood from the fide ; to the right, a weeping figure and another female with a banner talking with a crowned female feated at the entrance of a building holding a circular difc ; at the extreme left the Virgin and four attendants weeping, a huge ferpent at the foot of the crofs ; in the next lower range to the left a tall tomb, quadrangular at bottom and in the middle, with a circular dome at top ; in front is feated the angel, towards whom the three Maries are approaching ; below, a number of graves either empty or with the dead rifing, two of them like fmall temples ; at the bottom, an aged man with waterpot reprefenting Water, and a female with a cornucopia and ferpent reprefenting Earth, and between them a female figure feated on a cuftiion with the right hand elevated, which Forfler fuggefts may be intended to reprefent Heaven. Figured, Forfter, Denkm. Deutfch. Kunfl:, vol. i. ; Labarte, Hifl:. des Arts Indufl:., Album, pi. 40. (276,) ’73* 75* D eeply incifed Plaque. German. 9th or loth century. Original in a colledlion from Rheinau. H. 5^ in.. The Baptifm of Chrifl: within a deeply-cut foliated frame. The Saviour young, beardlefs, with long flowing hair, with a cruciferous nimbus, flrands upright in a fmall vefTel up to the ancles only ; the arms extending downwards at the fides to the thighs ; below, on either fide, are allegorical reprefentations of Earth and Water ; the latter is repre- Carlovingian Ivories. 125 fented as an aged man, feated with his back to the fpedlator, holding with one hand a reed and with the other a vafe, from which flows the river Jordan in the antique manner, encircling the font ; a fimilarly feated female figure to the left, with hair flowing down her back ; a ferpent is entwined round her right arm, whilfl: the left hand raifed holds a fifti. At the top is the outfl:retched hand of God in the clouds and the Holy Dove hovers over the head of the Saviour, with feveral rays emerging from its beak. On the left fide ftands the Baptifl: with his right hand reflring on the head of the Saviour, and on the right fide an angel with outftretched wings holding his clothes. { 277 .) ’73- 76- P LAQUE. Part of a Book Cover ? Frankifii. 9th or loth century. Original in the colledion of Prince Hohenzollern, DufTeldorf. H. 5f in., W. 3J in. The miracle at Cana in Galilee in two compartments. Above, three guefts feated at table ferved by two attendants ; to the left the Virgin Mary in converfation with the Saviour, other attendants in the background, with buildings, having curtains at the entrances looped up in the antique manner. Below, the Saviour giving the orders to the two fervants to fill the fix waterpots from vafes on their (boulders ; the mafter of the feafl: (lands fpeaking to the Saviour in front of a pavilion with looped-up curtains. The whole furrounded by a foliated border ; the figures are in deep relief, and for the mod part (lender in proportion but animated in defign. { 278 .) ’55- 19- P LAQUE. Part of a Book Cover ? Franki(h. 9th or loth century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 5^ in., W. 2 ^ in. The Wifdom of Solomon. Above, Solomon feated on a dool raifed on three deps under a long flat roof fupported by four (lender columns with curtains draped in the antique manner ; he is bare-headed, with a long plain cloak fadened on the right (boulder, as are thofe of four FiSiile Ivory Cajls. 1 26 attendants ftanding at the fides, each with a large circular fhield refting on the ground. Beneath, feparated by a foliated enclofure, the two mothers, one looking on with indifference, the other in attitude of fupplication to Solomon, with uplifted hands ; to the right two guards, one with raifed fword about to flay the child. Surrounded by a foliated border. Excellently defigned and very carefully executed. ( 279 .) ■ ’ 55 - 18. P LAQUE. Frankifh. 9th or loth century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. in., W. 3f in. Evidently by the fame artift as the lafl fpecimen (No. 279 )^ of which this is a companion piece. Above, a male beardlefs figure feated upon an upright backed chair raifed on three fleps, and cufhion. He holds a roll in his left hand ; no nimbus. On either fide fland two warriors armed with long fpears and circular fhields, refting on the ground. Beneath, two fcribes feated writing in books, and two others reading from long fcrolls with a large fquare open book cheft between them ; they are alfo deftitute of nimbus. Although thefe figures might be fuppofed to reprefent Chrift with the Evangelifts, they are more probably intended for David with Afaph, Ethan, Eman, and Idithun. ' Surrounded by a foliated border. Well defigned and deeply carved. { 280 .) ’58. 87. T WO narrow Plaques of a Book Cover. German. 9th or loth century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Darmftadt. Each, H. lof in., W, in. Firft plaque. Chrift feated, with long flowing hair, without beard, a cruciferous nimbus j His right hand open and extended outwards ; the left hand holding an open book on His knee, infcribed DATA EST MIH ONIS POTESTAS IN CELO ET IN TERA. On either fide of the head of the Saviour are fufpended the letters A and 00 . Above are the winged eagle and angel, and below the winged lion and bull in diftorted attitudes j the whole furrounded by a foliated border. Carlovingian Ivories 127 Second plaque. St. Stephen {landing and looking upwards with his right hand raifed above his head, his left hand holding a large fcroll infcribed ASPICIENS A LONGE ECCE VIDEO DT PO- TENCIAM. Above are two angels defcending, holding a circular wreath, enclofing the Divine Hand with the fingers extended. Below is a recumbent female fuckling an infant. The whole furrounded by a foliated border. The workmanfhip is rude and the defign poor. {28i .) ’58- 33- L eaf of a Diptych. German. loth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 1 2 in., W. 4 J In. Scenes of the Birth of Chrifl. Above, the Salutation of the Arch- angel Gabriel to the Virgin, who is feated in front of an open door with a rounded arch, holding a diflaff in her left hand ; an arched Hit in the clouds reveals feveral of the angelic hofl, from whom a dove defcends. In the centre the Vifitation of the Virgin to St. Elizabeth. Below, upon a frame within a caflellated building lies the Holy Child, enveloped in a long robe, the Virgin {landing at the left and Jofeph feated at the right. The fluttering drapery and the treatment of the opening of Heaven agrees with Anglo-Saxon MSS. of the loth and nth centuries. The figures rather fmall and in low relief. Above is infcribed “ ANNO XXII.” and at the bottom “ ONVS SVI EPISCOPATVM,” the letters X and C being of the Anglo-Saxon form. [282.) ’58. 120. P LAQUE. French.? loth century. Original .? H. 61 in., \V. 4 in. The Virgin crowned, fupporting the infant Chrifl with her left arm, and feated on a fplendid ornamented throne, with a large and richly jewelled aureola at the back. The Saviour has a cruciferous nimbus. His right hand raifed in the a6l of benedicStion, and His left hand holding a fmall ball. In the four angles, beneath fmall rounded arches, are four female bufls. The whole furrounded by a border of vine branches, foliage and bunches of grapes, amongfl which birds are 128 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. introduced. The principal figure is heavy in its defign, but the general efFedl is rich. { 283 .) ’73- 77- P LAQUE in two Compartments. German. loth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 6^ in., W. 3^ in. Two compartments furrounded by foliated borders. Above, Chrift ftanding in the middle, with a cruciferous nimbus, followed by five difciples ; before him are Mary and Martha, one kneeling, the other ftanding in front of the tomb of Lazarus, who is ftanding eredl: tightly wrapped in grave clothes, in an oblong ornamented tomb, of which the cover is lying apart. At the back of the tomb is the entrance to a fmall temple. Below, Chrift with two difciples ftanding in the midft healing the blind man, ftanding with feveral others to the left, leaning on his ftaff, by touching his eyes. To the right, the entrance to a temple, with fquare-headed door. { 284 .) ’55- 60. T ablet. century. Part of a Book Cover. French. loth or nth Original ? H. 6^ in., W. in. An aged apoftle, with the general features of St. Peter, ftanding on two fmall oval difcs, holding a roll in his left hand, his right hand open, placed on his cheft ; the head fmall, with a fhort beard, and plain round nimbus, furrounded by a neat foliated border. { 285 .) ’73- 78. P LAQUE of a Cafket ? Byzantine 9th or i ith century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 228. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 1 17.) H. 2-|- in., W. if in. In a deep panel a tall nearly naked man, armed with a fpear (Hercules ?), fupports a flight female clad in a long robe with long hanging fleeves, who places her hand on his heart. { 286 .) Carlovingian Ivories. 129 ’ 73 - 79 - P LAQUE. Carlovingian. loth or i ith century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 274. ’67, (Mafkell Cat., p. iii.) H. 4|- in., W. 2f in. A ftanding figure of an aged male faint (Paul ?), with a plain nim- bus, and clad in a long robe and cloak, lifting up the right hand. On either fide is a fmall tree ; round the moulding of the border is PERNICIES • FIDEI • SAVLVS • CEDENDO_^ FIDELES • INVIGILA • • • DEI • VERBA • SERENDO • DI •, in Roman capital letters, one E being of the uncial form. { 287 .) ’54- 67. D EEPLY-SUNK Panel, part of a Reliquary German ? lothto nth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum (MSS. Department). H. 7 in., W. 4|- in. A figure of St. Matthew, with a plain circular nimbus, carved in very deep relief, ftanding upon a flab ornamented along the margin with beads, holding an open book infcribed, Voca operarios et rede ill mercede, (St. Matthew, xx. 8), with both his hands, the right one enveloped in his cloak. The figure is well pofed, and the drapery fimply but well arranged. The deep floping borders of the panel are ornamented with large coarfe foliage. { 288 .) >3. 80, 81. T WO deeply-funk Panels, forming the leaves of a Diptych. French. loth or iith century. Original ? Each leaf, H. 9 in., W. 2|- in. Firft panel. The incredulity of St.Thomas treated in very deep relief in a fingular manner. The Saviour (to the right, fix inches high), ftands on a ftiort angular turret with round-headed openings ; the legs and body are upright, but the head (with a cruciferous nimbus) is bent down, with the right arm thrown up over the head, whilft the left hand draws down the clothes from thebreaft. St. Thomas, with his back to the fpedfator, ftands to the left, raifed on tip-toe on his left foot, his right foot refting 30670. I 130 FiEitle Ivory Cajis. on one of the turret windows, his head is thrown back, fo that the upturned face is feen fideways and the fore-finger of the right hand is thruft into the wound of the Saviour’s fide, his left hand fupporting his upward adlion by feizing the robe of the Saviour. The adlion is repre- fented as occurring beneath a rounded arch, on the outer angles of which are infcribed the words “ Infer digitvm tvvm hvc et noli ” (St. John, XX. 27), in Roman capital letters, the G and C being of the Anglo-Saxon angulated form. The cloaks of both the perfonages are ornamented with flenderly incifed ftars and crofiTes. { 289 .) Second panel. A very deeply cut narrow panel, with a central re- markably- defigned figure with long beard and flowing hair, and very ftrongly-marked features, receiving with his uplifted hands a fmall tablet infcribed MOYSES from the hand of God, refting upon a cruciferous nimbus. The cloak of Mofes is marked with circles and imprelTed pundlures. He is reprefented (landing between two twilled columns, fupporting an angular pediment j the top angles of the defign filled with the bulls of two angels. The whole furrounded by a foliated border. { 290 .) ’64. 45. P LAQUE of a Book Cover ? Frankilh. loth or nth cen- tury. Original in the Wallerllein Coll. (Reprod. in Kunll Kammer, Berlin, Verz. iii. b. 173.) H. 8f in., W. 4^ in. Three compartments, feparated and furrounded by broad foliated borders, i. Jefus feated in the midll of the Dodlors in the Temple, expollulated with by His mother. He is here reprefented as a full- grown youth, without a beard, and with a cruciferous nimbus. 2. The miracle of Cana in Galilee ; to the right, the guells feated at a table, one fervant holding a vafe hands a wine cup to the mailer of the feall. To the left, Chrill (landing with feveral attendants and His mother, pointing to the fix water pots. 3. Chrill and His attendants and the leper (covered with fpots), St. Matthew, viii. 3. Figured, Forller, Denkm. Deutfch. Kunll, v. 5, Leipzig, 1858-9. {29 i.) ’73. 82. D eeply incifed Plaque. German. loth century.? Ori- ginal in the Public Library of Treves, from the colledion of Graf Von KelTellatt. H. 7 in., W. 4 in. Carlovingian Ivories, 131 The Saviour, with beard and cruciferous nimbus, ftanding ereft with His feet refting on the cupola of a Byzantine circular temple, holding two large keys in His right hand, and a fcroll in His left, in- fcribed S^A • • TREV(eris). At the fides ftand SS. Peter and Paul, with upraifed and covered hands. Carved in deep relief, and furrounded by a foliated border. Figured, Aufm Werth, Kiinft Denkm. RheinL, pi. 58, f. 6. { 292 .) ’ 73 - 83, 84. T WO Leaves of a fmall Diptych. French ? loth or nth century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Re- prod. Verz., hi. b. 174, 175.) Each leaf, H. 4^ in., W. 3^ in. Firft leaf. Six fcenes of the Farly Gofpel Hiftory, carved in very high relief and great fpirit, the figures being, however, in general too flender. I. The Salutation ; the Virgin feated under a Byzantine canopy, the head of the Archangel (as of feveral of the other figures) being broken off. 2. The Birth of Chrifl. The Virgin lying in bed attended by a female. Jofeph feated to the right, the Holy Child in a crib in the centre, with the heads of an ox and afs. Above, feveral angels’ heads in the clouds, with a large ftar. 3. The angels appearing to the fhepherds, with their fheep and dog. 4. The wife men’s offering, one of them points with much fpirit to the ftar over the head of the Virgin and Child. 5. The Prefentation in the Temple. The infant Saviour is handed by His mother to the aged Simeon, over a low-draped altar, an attendant female bearing the doves. 6. The Baptifm of Chrift in the river Jordan, which is raifed like a fmall mountain up to His loins. The Baptifi: to the right, two angels to the left holding the clothes ; a dove defcends from the clouds towards the head of Chrift, The whole furrounded by a rich foliated border. ( 293 .) Second leaf. Six fcenes of the later Gofpel Hiftory. i. (At bottom) Chrift riding into Jerufalem on an afs, the people ftrewing their garments in the way ; the city reprefented as a quadrangular caftle with turrets at the angles. 2. Chrift wafhing the feet of one of the twelve difciples. 3. The Crucifixion ; the figure of Chrift is fully draped, with the feet apart, a ferpent twines itfelf at the foot of the crofs, at the fides ot which ftand the Virgin and St. John, and the fponge and fpear bearers. A hand from the clouds holding a circular wreath is extended towards the head of Chrift, and weeping bufts of the fun and moon are feen I 2 132 Fist He Ivory Cajls. above the arms of the crofs. 4 . The two Maries at the Sepulchre, on which the angel is feated, the foldiers with long fpears afleep to the right. 5 . The Defcent of Chrift to Hades, fetching fouls out of the flames of limbo. The heads of feveral demons are feen above, one of whom is flruck by the crofs which Chrifl: holds in His left hand. An angel ftands behind the Saviour. 6 . The Afcenfion ; Chrift bearing His crofs, reprefented as fpringing from the fummit of a fmall Byzantine temple, and received by two angels bearing long fceptres. The Virgin and eleven apoftles ftand below, gazing upwards. The whole furrounded by a rich foliated border. This is one of the moft boldly defigned and delicately executed of the fmaller diptychs. [ 294 .) SECTION F,— PRE-GOTHIC AND RHENISH (ROMANES^E) IVORIES, iOTn-i2Tii CENTURIES. 58. 238. INE Plaques, fixed on the front of the cover of the Sacramentaire de Metz.” Eaftern France. 9th century. Original in the Bibl. Nat., Paris. Each plaque, H. 2 ^ in., W. 2^ in. The manufcript (on the front of the cover of which thefe ivories are affixed) was written for Drogo, fon of Charlemagne, Archbifhop of Metz. Three Gofpel fcenes, and fix relative to church ceremonies. 1. A bifhop laying his hand on a deacon, feveral others {landing behind, and an attendant holding an open book. 2. A bifhop on Holy Thurfday bleffing the ampullae of holy oil, held by two acolytes, enveloped in a filken covering, alfo enveloping the upper part of their own bodies. (A precifely fimilar miniature is contained among the illuminations of the volume.) 3. A bifhop marking the crofs with his thumb on the brow of an infant in fwaddling clothes held before him ; two others being held waiting for the fame ceremony. To the right, an attendant behind the bifhop, holding his pafloral flaff, and another thd phial with the holy chrifm. (Alfo reprefented in one of the miniatures.) 4. The Baptifm of ChrifI: in the river Jordan ; the water rifes like a hillock to His waifl, being difeharged from the mouth of a vafe held by a figure feated to the left below (in the old mythological manner) ; the Holv Dove defeends from above on the head of Chrifl. 5. Chrifl ftanding eredl with extended arms preaching to His dif- ciples (reprefented twice in the illuminations of the MS. for Eafler Tuefday and Saturday). 134 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. 6. A bifliop blefling the water in a baptifmal font. An acolyte to the right holding a long taper, which is to be plunged into the water by the bifhop ; and another a vafe with the holy oil. A woman to the left holding a fwaddled infant, waiting to be baptized, in her arms. 7. Chrift ftanding eredl, with arms outftretched over fix of His difciples, who ftand on either fide, with their bodies reverently bent towards Him. 8. Ceremony of the dedication of a church. To the left the bifliop fprinkling the church with holy water. In the middle two priefts bearing relics covered with a veil on a litter upon their fhoulders. To the right, a bifhop placing relics within the altar. 9. Baptifm by immerfion of the infant by two deacons in the font, the bifhop flanding beneath a canopy. Figured, Le Normant, Trefor de Glyptique, pi. i. p. 18. (295.) ’58. 239. N ine Plaques, fixed on the back of the cover of the Sacramentaire de Metz.” Eaflern France. 9th century. Original in the Bibl. Nat., Paris. Each plaque, H. in., W. 2i in. Thefe plaques are fixed on the back of the cover of the fame manufcript as the plaques lafl defcribed under No. 295^ and illuftrate nine other church ceremonies. I . The bifhop and a number of his clergy feated during the reading of the Epiftle. A number of tapers flanding in front of the ambo. 2. The bifhop in front of the altar kilfes the Book of the Gofpels after the ledlion. 3. The bifhop giving his hand to a female who has prefented an oblation, the bifhop placing the oblation on the altar. 4. The bifhop and clergy bowing before the altar, acolytes bearing cenfers and tapers. 5. The bifhop with his feven deacons and feven fub-deacons ftand- ing turned towards the Eafl: to hear the reading of the Gofpel. 6. The bifhop blefling the chalice, with deacons, acolytes, and thurifers. 7, The bifhop giving the kifs of peace to his clergy. 8. The bifhop preceded by his feven deacons approaches the altar from the facrifly. Pre-Gothic and Rhenijh Ivories. 135 9. The bifhop giving the confecrated bread to a prieft with his left hand, whilft he extends his right hand to be kifled by him. Figured, Le Normant, ut fupra.^ pi. 19. The execution of thefe 18 plaques is rude, but the feries is highly valuable both in an ecclehological and architectural point of view. {296.) ’ 73 - 85. B ook cover. Rhenifh Byzantine. 8th-ioth century. Original in the Public Mufeum, Cologne. Central plaque, H. 8f in., W. 5f in. Chrift feated, middle-aged, with a fhort beard and cruciferous nimbus, holding a book in His left hand, the right raifed to His breaft in the aCf of benediction, with the firft and fecond fingers extended. His feet reft on a footftool, beneath which is a fquare device with a rofette in the centre, from the four fides of which ilTue wavy ribbons, intended to reprefent a central fountain and the four rivers of Paradife, infcribed FISON, TIGRIS (the G of the angulated form), EVFRAT^^ (the V and F conjoined, the fecond ftroke of the V forming the upright ftroke of the F), and GEON (the G again of the angular form). At each fide are four difciples feated one above another, and at the bottom of the piece are four others, moft with one of the hands raifed, the only attempt at individualifm being the tonfure of the figure at the top on the right (evidently intended for St. Peter) and the conical beard of the top left-hand figure as evidently reprefenting St. Paul. The defign is rude and the execution poor. Figured, Bock. d. Heilige Coin, pi. 47. {297.) ’66. 44. F ront of Book Cover. Rhenifh Byzantine ? 9th or loth century. Original in the Royal Library, Munich. H, 1 1 in., W. 6 in. Three compartments. At the bottom, the Crucifixion of the Saviour and two thieves. Chrift, of larger fize than the other figures, is beard- lefs, with a cruciferous nimbus and a napkin round His loins. His feet refting apart on a fcabellum, at each fide the Virgin and St. John weep- ing. The thieves are reprefented with their arms thrown over the tranfverfe top of the crofs, and above each is a femicircular compartment 136 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. reprefenting the firmament with two weeping bufts holding flaming torches allegorical of the fun and moon. The titulus of the crofs is of large fize but uninfcribed. In the centre, the vifit of the three Maries to the empty tomb, each group beneath a Byzantine canopy highly ornamented refling on three ornamental columns and capitals ; the angel holding a long rod is feated on the foot of the tomb (like a great box) of which the lid is lying apart at the back, and the napkin rolled up lying within the tomb ; he elevates the right hand towards the females as in the a6l of benedidlion. The three Maries fland beneath the left hand arch each holding a vafe, the foremofl moreover bearing a cenfer. Three guards are reprefented as peeping over the tops of the arches. At the top, the Afcenfion. The Saviour {landing upright, with a cruciferous nimbus, holding a long crofs in one hand and a book in the other, within an oval aureola gemmed round the margin and fupported by four angels with outflretched wings. At each fide is a large tree conventionally treated, and below, the Virgin, St. Peter and ten other apoflles fland in a row gazing upwards, identical in attitude, each of the ten holding a book. At the top and bottom of the plaque is a narrow row of dragons. In the fide borders of the Afcenfion are two cherubim and two figures holding vafes of water reverfed. At the fides of the two lower compartments are {landing figures of four faints holding long rods, another pair of feated figures with reverfed waterpots, and at the bottom on each fide two fmall Byzantine temples with cupolas and open doors. The work is’fhallow and the general defign and execution poor. { 298 ) ’73. 86. D evotional Plaque. Weftem Germany. ptli or loth century. Original } H. 3^ in., W. 2^ in. The Baptifm of Chrifl. The Saviour (with a cruciferous nimbus) completely naked Hands rather fideways upon a fmall pool of water enclofed in a fcalloped margin. He is reprefented as a youth confider- ably fmaller than the Baptifl, who {lands at the left fide with a pearled nimbus, his right hand raifed and refling on the forehead of Chrifl. Two angels, one of whom holds the garment of the Saviour, fland on the right fide, and the Holy Dove defcends from above, with outflretched wings, on His head. A narrow foliated border furrounds the whole. { 299 ) Pre-Gothic and Rhenijh Ivories. 137 ’58. 114. P LAQUE, probably a Leaf of a Diptych. German ? 9th or loth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. in., W. 4 in. Plaque with a raifed foliated border (another leaf, now loft, doubtlefs contained a figure of the Virgin and Child feated, with one of the Magi kneeling and offering his gift). In the leaf before us the two other Magi are reverently approaching, in front of various towers and open temples, holding their gifts in their extended hands. They are clad in Phrygian caps, (hort tunics reaching nearly to the knees, ftockings half up the calf of the leg and low flioes faftened acrofs the inftep with feveral thongs. {300?) ’73- 87, 88. D iptych. German.^ 9th or 10th century. Original in the Royal Library, Berlin. H. 6 In., W. 4 In. Two leaves of a diptych : i. Chrift feated, middle-aged, with ftiort beard and a cruciferous nimbus, holding a book on His left knee. His right hand raifed in benediction with the firft and fecond fingers extended. His feet are naked. His body is furrounded by a broad circular orna- mented aureola, a fecond fmaller one furrounding the legs. Above in the angles are infcribed A, a). The whole furrounded by a foliated border of unufual defign. {30i .) 2. The other leaf of the fame diptych. St. Gregory feated wearing the chafuble and pallium, his head tonfured, with a very ftiort beard and a circular nimbus. He holds an open book on his breaft, his right hand extended, dipping an enormous ftyle into an ink pot refting on the top of a narrow pillar. A dove is fettled on his left fhoulder whifpering into his ear. Above is infcribed SCS GREGORIVS. Surrounded by a fimilar border to the other leaf. {302.) ’73- 89- P LAQUE. Rhenifti Byzantine? nth century? Ori- ginal in the South Kenftngton Mufeum, No. 142. ’66. (Mafkell Cat., p. 59, with photograph annexed.) H. 14 In., W. at bottom, 6 \ In. 138 FiEiile Ivory Cafts. A fingular reprefentation of the Adoration of the three Kings on morfe ivory, carefully defcribed by Mr. Mafkell, by v^hom it is regarded as Anglo-Saxon work. From the careful examination, however, which I have made of Anglo-Saxon illuminations, I cannot agree with this opinion, in which I am fupported by a lady archaeologift who has made female drefs in the Middle Ages her efpecial ftudy. The treatment of the head drefs is entirely unlike that of the Anglo-Saxon ladies, whofe hair was never feen, being entirely covered by a veil which extended over the bread: and fell down the upper part of the back, whereas the hair of the Virgin here is parted very low upon the forehead, being indicated by eight or nine delicate lines, above the hair are feen five of the plaits of a kind of fcull cap of which feveral other plaits are alfo feen on the top of the head, the middle of the cap being hidden by a broad jewelled band, the veil itfelf being only feen at the back part of the top of the head but extending downwards over the ears upon the upper part of the breaft. There is alfo no fluttering of the garments fo common in the later Anglo-Saxon miniatures, whilfl: in feveral refpedls, efpecially the ornamental borders to the dreflTes and the foliated capital on the right fide of the piece, there is confiderable refemblance to the ornaments of fome of the Rhenilh Byzantine Ivories. Alfo figured by Labarte, Hift. des Arts Induflr., Album, Sculpt., pi. 15 , by whom it is regarded as “ Sculpture Allemand du Nord, a Tepoque de la decadence de TArt au commencement de onzieme fiecle.” Formerly in the Soltykoff Colledlion. Sold to Mr. Webb for 3,885 francs. [ 303 ^ ’73- 90- MALL Plaque (part of a Shrine ?). Anglo-Saxon. 9th wj/ or loth century. Original in the Fitzwilliam Mufeum, Cambridge. H. 4 in., W. in. The Glorification of the Crofs. Above, the Saviour, feated within an oval vefica pifcis pointed at each end, raifes His two open hands. His head refting upon the arms of a crofs. The upper part of the vefica is infcribed O VOS OM(ne)S VIDETE MANUS ET P(edes) (St. Luke, xxiv. 39 ). On either fide of Chrifl: fland the Virgin and St. Peter with a large key in his left hand, with their names infcribed over their heads in Anglo-Saxon capitals, SCA MARIA and SC PETRUS, the C and U being of the angular form. Below, two angels fupport the arms of a naked crofs, beneath which ftand eight difciples, but the lower part is almofl: worn away. { 304 ,) Pre-Gothic and Rhenipo Ivories. 139 ’ 73 - 91 - N arrow upright Plaque, in three Compartments. Ger- man? 9th or loth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 6^ in.,W. in. I. The Salutation. The archangel approaching in hafte, bearing a long rod and wings half clofed, towards the Virgin feated on a chair and cufhion with a tall upright back, her hands raifed in furprife. Both bear an ornamental nimbus round the head. 2 . The Birth of Chrift. The Virgin lying upon a ftraw bed enclofed with the fortified walls of a town with fmall towers, the Infant lying near her in a crib with the ox and afs. Jofeph feated outfide the wall, 3 . The Offering of the three Kings. The Virgin with the Child on her knees feated to the left, the kings in cloaks and Phrygian caps approaching from the right. The ftar, like a rofe, in the middle above. The entire margin and the bars feparating the three fcenes orna- mented with a row of fmall beads. { 305 .) ’ 55 - ^ 9 - P LAQUE. Carlovingian ? 9th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre. H. 3J in., W. 4 in. Above in the centre a fmall circular building reprefenting the fepul- chre of Chrift with a conical roof, near the door of which is feated a male figure with a plain nimbus (an angel ?) in converfation with two females. No grave clothes appear within the open door of the fepulchre ; to the left, a guard having caft his circular ftiield to the ground is rufhing away. Below, Chrift with a plain nimbus, ftanding at the fide of a fmall circular tower in front of the doorway of a temple, with the two Maries kneeling before Him, (Matt, xxviii. 9.) { 30 . 6 .) ’ 64 . 49 . P ANEL of a Book Cover. German. 9th or loth century. Original in the Royal Library of Munich. H. 8 in., W. 6 in. 140 FiSlile Ivory Cajls. The Crucifixion. Above, Chrift, middle-aged with a fhort beard, {landing nearly eredl with the head inclining llightly to the right fhoulder, admirably proportioned, without a nimbus, llightly draped around the loins, the feet refting on a fquare fcabellum, feparately nailed. The titulus of the Roman fliape, infcribed IHS NAZAREN : REX IVDEORV. On either fide of the arms of the crofs is a circular fluted difc in the middle of one of which is a male head (Sol) and in that of the other a female head riling from a crefcent (Luna), and above thefe on each fide are three heads of angels rifing out of clouds. On either fide of the crofs are the fpear and fponge bearers, the latter with a Phrygian cap, whilfl: a ferpent is twined round the bottom of the crofs (a fimilar treatment in both refpedls is feen in the miniature of the Crucifixion in the Carlovingian Gofpels, middle of 9th century, Bibl. Nat., Paris, No. 257^ fig. “ Les Art Sompt. France ”). Behind thefe figures {land the Virgin with hand raifed towards the Saviour, and St. John weeping, with his face covered by his right hand. On either fide at the foot of the crofs are two open graves, out of each of which two dead bodies are rifing. Below, the three Maries holding fpice boxes approach the angel feated at the mouth of the fepulchre, a fmall fquare building with a dome at its top, behind which the two foldiers are alleep, one relling on the edge of the fepulchre, the other on his large circular fhield, as in No. 239^ ante^ p. 105. Surrounded by a beautiful foliated border. The figures are excel- lently defigned and carved in very high relief. P'igured, Forller, Denkm. Deutfch. Kunll, vol. ii. {307}) ’58. 149 and 150. D iptych, each Leaf formed of fix fmall fquare Plaques. Rhenifh Byzantine } Originals in the South Kenfing- ton Mufeum, Nos. 279, 280.^67. (Mafkell Cat., pp. 113, 1 14.) Each of the 12 plaques, if in. fquare. Firfl leaf. i. Three male faints {landing eredl. 2. The defcent from the crofs, the body of the Saviour {landing eredl re{ling on the fcabel- lum, and fupported by Jofeph of Arimathea, an attendant drawing the nail from His left hand with a pair of pincers. The right hand of the Saviour is prelTed by the Virgin to her lips, St. John {lands weeping on the other fide of the crofs. 3. Chri{l in Hades arguing with the Devil (it can fcarcely be Chrifl healing the demoniac). 4. The body of Chri{l carried by two perfons to the tomb, reprefented like a fentry box. V. [ To face p. 141.] CHRIST CURING THE DEMONIAC. In the Royal Muleum, Darmftadt, Pre-Gothic and Rhenijio Ivories. 141 5 . The incredulity of St. Thomas. Chrift ftanding in the centre in the midft of His twelve apoftles. 6 . The death of the Virgin, treated in the ordinary Byzantine manner, the Saviour ftanding in the middle at the back of the couch receives the foul. of the Virgin as a fmall infant, for which an angel floating above is waiting. The defign and execution of thefe fmall groups is very fkilful. [308.) Second leaf. i. Three male flints ftanding ereift with plain circular nimbi, holding books in their right hands, which arc covered with the hanging fides of their chafubles, each wears the pallium marked with croffes. 2 . Chrift ftanding in the midft of His difciples. 3 . Chrift raifing Lazarus, fwaddled in his grave clothes, ftanding in an upright grave, like a fentry box. 4 . Chrift (with two difciples) arguing with the woman of Samaria at the well. 5 . Chrift with an attendant difciple and the rich young man. 6 . Chrift healing the blind man. The figures although fmall are in deep relief and admirably defigned. [309.) ’58. 109. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. German. loth century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Darmftadt. H. 5 in,, W. 4|- in. The miracle of the Demoniac and the Swine. Chrift ftanding in front with a large cruciferous nimbus, with His right hand extended towards the demoniac, who is held back by an attendant, and out of whofe mouth the devil is flying with outftretched wings and arms. Beneath, feveral fwine are ftanding quietly looking up. Behind the Saviour ftands St. Peter holding the keys with tonfured head and fhort beard, with the eleven other difciples, indicated only by the tops of their heads. The background confifts of fmall open cut fquares ; the defign is hard, the draperies with fmall ftraight and ftiff folds, and the hair of fome of the figures looks like a bunch of grapes. [3i0.) Figured, I. O. Weftwood in Journ. Archaeol. Inft., v. xix. p. 234 . This and the three following pieces are by the fame artift, whofe ftyle is quite unique. Several other of his pieces are deferibed in the fupplemental portion of this Catalogue. ’73- 9^- P LAQUE of a Book Cover. German. loth century. Original in the Royal Library, Berlin. 4J in. fquare. 142 FiBile Ivory Cafls. A Romanefque temple, within which is the Saviour (without a beard and with long hair and a cruciferous nimbus) feated with a large open book in His lap, beneath a large rounded arch, refting on plain columns with Corinthian capitals. A large curtain above .His head is drawn through two fmall round headed openings in the wall above. The Virgin mother with a long veil and with her left hand raifed to her face, as if in diftrefs, approaches (with attendants) towards Chrift, beneath another arch. From the infcription on the open book, ‘‘ FILII QVI FECISTI N • B • ” (St. Luke, ii. 48 ), it is evident that this fcene is intended for the Virgin difcovering her Son in the Temple. The back- ground is ornamented with open cut Byzantine erodes, and the drapery is indicated by fmall ftraight folds. (5//.) ’54. 60. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. German. loth century. Original in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liver- pool. H. 4^ in., AV. 4 in. Chrift feated on a (lender ftool bends down forwards and writes with His finger on the ground. He has a cruciferous nimbus and behind Him ftand feveral of His difciples ; in front of Him ftands the adulterefs, her garment held by a Jew, with a ftiort pointed beard. The feet of the Saviour reft on a foot-ftool on which are fculptured two heads (iymbols of the fun and moon?). Above is a broad rounded arch refting on fide columns with Romanefque capitals. The background is pierced with two circular, one oblong, and one round-arched light- holes. The defign is very rigid and the execution hard. { 3 ^ 2 ,) ’58. 109*. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. German. loth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 5 in., W. 4f in. Jefus Chrift raifing the widow of Nain’s fon. The bier being borne out of the gates of the city is met by the Saviour (St. Luke, vii. 14 ), who touches the feet of the youth, who, already reftored to life, gently railes the head. At the fide of the bier walk the weeping mother and an attendant. Chrift has the cruciferous nimbus and holds a roll in His left hand ; He is attended by St. Peter (with the head ton- fured), and ten other difciples, of nine of whom the heads only are feen. The background of the panel is pierced with Byzantine crolTes. (5/J.) PLAQUE-CHRI.ST AND Hlrt MOTHER. ■_ PLAgUE-OHRlS L AN THK AL Tviih Century. ('.vvAvr,'. i Pre-Gothic and RheniJJj Ivories. 143 ’54. 61. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. German. loth century. Original in the Coll. Micheli. H. 6 in., W. 5^ in. In a deeply funk panel (furrounded by a broad ornamental border of intertwined branches and foliage, amongft which birds are feated) Chrift is feated on a rich chair and cufhion, with a cruciferous nimbus, and holding a large unrolled fcroll, inftrudling his difciples ftanding on either fide. At His feet Mary Magdalene weeping. St. Peter raifes his hands deprecating the wafte of the ointment. ’ 58 . 71 . P LAQUE. German.^ loth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 272. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 1 10.) A ftanding figure of an aged male faint (Paul ?) with curling hair and beard, holding a fmall fcroll in his left hand, his right arm enveloped in his cloak raifed, with the hand open ; fandals on the feet ; the body flightly bent, refts chiefly on the left leg, the right being fomewhat advanced, the large hanging cloak caft over the fhoulders is cut up into too fmall folds. { 3 15 .) ’58. 31- P ART of a Book Cover. loth or nth century. Ori- ginal in the Bibl. Nat., Paris. H. 10^ in., W. 7 in. The middle is beautifully ornamented with arabefques formed of foliage and rofettes arranged round a central oblong fpace, in which are three large rofettes. The border is furrounded with circular medallions feparated from each other by foliage, each with the buft of a faint with the head nimbed, the whole, however, deftitute of individuality and without names or fymbols. { 316 .) ’38. 34. P LAQUE of a Book Cover. German. nth century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 378. ’71. (Mafkell Cat., p. 137.) H. 8^ in., W. 8 in. 144 FiSiile Ivory Cajis, The Afccnfion. The Saviour rifing from the top of a mountain within an oval vefica pifcis with a plain border, pointed at each end, His right hand raifed towards the hand of God, defcending from a cloud above. His left hand holding a rod furmounted with a Greek crofs and triple-tongued banner refting on His left fhoulder. At the foot of the mountain from which Chrift is rifing, is the buft of an aged man, with a fcroll infcribed + • ABACUC * +. On either fide from above, an angel is defcending towards the two groups of difciples {landing at the Tides looking upwards'; that on the right with the Virgin Mary in the foreground with upraifed hands, whilfl in that of the left fide is St. Peter holding the keys. The defign is very good and the work deeply carved in the German manner of the period, the deep lines of the drapery being marked with rows of pundlures. The two plaques fubfequently defcribed, Nos. 355^ 356^ are by the fame artifl as the prefent piece, of which they are evident companions. {3i7.) ’ 54 - 59 - P LAGUE of a Book Cover. German.^ iith century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum, Manufcript Department. H. 5 in., W. 3 ^ in. The Crucifixion in deep relief. Chrift with a fhort beard and long flowing hair, a round plain nimbus, a garment round the loins, and the feet apart on a fcabellum. On the upper arm of the crofs, which is unufually long, the Divine Hand, with all the fingers extended, defcends from a cloud towards the head of the Saviour. In the four angles formed by the arms of the crofs, are reprefented the winged lymbols of the four Evangelifts, with plain circular nimbi, each holding a book ; the lion and bull, in the lower angles, with raifed bodies and heads turned regarding the Saviour. Rude in defign. {3i8,^ ’ 73 - 93 - S MALL Pedloral Crucifix. Anglo-Norman. lothoriith century. Original formerly in the pofTefTion of W. Blaaw, Efq. H. il in., W. of arms of Crucifix, if in. This curious little piece was difcovered on the fite of Lewes Priory, SuflTex, and is attributed by Mr. Blaaw to Lanza, firft prior of Lewes, temp. William the Conqueror. It is carved in the fliape of a crofs. Pre-Gothic and Rhenijh Ivories. 145 with all the arms very broad, and entirely furrounded by a very (lender raifed edge. The figure of the Saviour is extremely attenuated, the nimbus fmall and cruciferous ; the arms extended horizontally. A napkin round the loins to the knees, the feet apart. Over the head of Chrift the divine hand, entirely open, defcends from the clouds at the top of the crofs. The great peculiarity of the piece, however, confifts in a raifed circle reprefenting an aureola, which extends acrofs each arm of the crofs and furrounds the whole of the body of Chrift as low as His knees. Figured, Journal Britifh Archaeol. Aflbciation. {3i9,) ’ 73 - 94 - P LAQUE. German? loth or nth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Treves. H. 4 in., W. 2f in. Two compartments, carved in very deep relief, i. Under the rounded arches of a temple, with fide cupolas, the infant Chrift is delivered by His mother into the hands of Simeon over an altar marked with a Maltefe crofs. At the fides in deep niches ftand Jofeph and a female attendant. An infcription on the doping fides of the compart- ment IN TEPLV DNS SYMEONIS FERTVR AB VLNIS. 2 . The Baptifm of Chrift. The Saviour, naked, ftands in front of the river Jordan, which is raifed behind Him, like a rock, up to His fhoulders. Two figures at the lower angles hold water jars, in the claflical manner, from which the river is fupplied. The Holy Dove defcends upon the head of the Saviour, which refts on a cruciferous nimbus ; to the left of the Saviour ftands the venerable figure of the Baptift, his right hand refting on the brow of the Saviour, attended by an angel, and to the right two angels ftand holding the clothes of the Saviour. This com- partment is infcribed, ABR[S]TERSIT XTl BAPTISMV CRI- MINA MVNDI. Figured, AuPm Werth, Kunft Denkm. Rheinl., pi. 58 , fig 3 . {320,) ’65. 1 1 4. T hree Plaques from the angles of a Book Cover or Reliquary. Rhenifti Byzantine. lothor iith century. Original in the Royal Mufeum, Darmftadt. Each, 2 in. fquare. 30670. K 146 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. The lion of St. Mark, the bull of St. Luke, and the eagle of St. John; each with four wings, and holding an open gofpel-book ; the upper part of the figures are feen towards the fpedlator, carved in deep relief, each within an ornamental border formed of various frets. {32i.) ’54. 68. T ablet. German. loth-i 2 th century. Orlginalinthe Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., iii. b. 20 .) H. 6i in., W. 4 ^ in. In the centre a tree with branches and foliage fpreading above over the heads of a male and female figure, the latter to the right is veiled, with her hands held wide open in the attitude of furprife, the male figure to the left advancing towards her with his right hand raifed in the adl of benedidfion, the firft and fecond fingers extended. We have evidently here a moft unufual Annunciation of the Archangel Gabriel to the Virgin, although there are neither nimbi, wings, dove, nor any other of the ufual attributes of the fcene. Surrounded by a foliated border, carefully executed, as are alfo the figures. (322.) ’58. 98. LAQUE. Byzantine or Italian.? loth or nth century. Original in Coll. ? H. 6^ in., W. in. A {landing figure of St. Nazarius, young, beardlefs, with a plain circular nimbus, clad in a tunic and fhort cloak, faftened with a rofette- like fibula on the right fhoulder. He holds a palm branch in his right hand over his fhoulder, and has the left hand open and elevated. In- fcribed in large letters SCS NAZARIVS. Beneath his feet is an arcade of fmall round-headed arches refling on fhort columns, and furrounded by a foliated border. Rude work, (323.) ’70. .251, 22 . T WO Leaves of Diptych. Late Carlovingian. loth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Tournay. Each leaf, H. 10 in., W. 4 in. Pre-Gothic and Rhenifh Ivories. 147 Two leaves, each with a central circular divifion, with a foliated border, as are the whole leaves. 1. Above, Chrift feated in glory, in an oval aureola, upon a circle reprefenting the globe ; He is young and beardlefs. His left hand holds a book. His right hand open and raifed, He has a circular cruciferous nimbus and the letters A ^3 on each fide ; on each fide of the aureola is the buft of an angel, and at each angle a circle with the four Evangelical fymbols. In the central circular difc two angels hold a circle inclofing the Lamb of God, with a crofs on the nimbus round the head, the circle infcribed with + +, and AGNV DI. Below, is the Cruci- fixion, Chrift with cruciferous nimbus and feet nailed fingly, infcribed above at the fides of the crofs, IHC XPC NAZARENVS REX IV- DEO RUM. Above the arms of the crofs two circles with bufts of SOL, with radiated head, and LVNA, with crefcent, weeping ; on each fide of crofs is a female ftanding with hands raifed to it, one holding a chalice to catch the blood gufhing out of the fide of Chrift (infcribed SCA ECLESIA) ; the other female has infcribed on her head, IHERVSAL (Jerufalem reprefenting the Synagogue). 2. In the centre circular compartment is a ftanding figure of a fainted prieft, with plain circular nimbus, in chafuble, holding a book in his left hand, the right hand raifed in benediction, infcribed SCS NI- CASIVS EPIS P, and two attendant priefts with long maniples hang- ing from the hands ; the remainder of the difc is filled with very bold foliage and a foliated border. Defcribed, Viofin, Notice fur un Evangeliaire de Tournay ; Tour- nay, 1856; and Labarte, Hift. des Arts Induftr., texte Sculpture; Photogr. alfo in Coll, des Objets Relig. a Malines. (324,) ’58. 107. P LAQUE in three Compartments. Late Carlovingian. loth century. Original in the Rigollot Coll, in the Mufeum of Amiens. H. 7 in., W. 5 in. Above, a male faint with a plain nimbus, ftanding between two columns with foliated capitals, raifes a female figure by the hand from a couch. On either fide, flanked by fimilar columns, ftand three attendants, thofe to the right holding books and clad in chafubles, the three to the left in civil cofl umes of Roman defign. In the middle compartment a male faint with a plain nimbus kneels at a footftool in front of an altar, on which are placed two vafes, upon 148 FiBile Ivory Cajls. which defcend two rays from the Divine Hand extended out of the clouds above. To the right appears a figure apparently ill, lying on a couch with hands outftretched towards the altar, three attendants ftand behind with a large barrel ? (or font ?) with the mouth open, over which is placed a cloth. Below, the baptifm of an aged man by two figures, with plain nimbi 5 the chief figure is immerfed nearly to his armpits in a large cylindrical font with round pillars at the angles ; the figure to the right, holding an open book with his left hand, places his right hand upon the head of the perfon being baptifed ; the other holding a large napkin in his arms extended towards the immerfed figure. Behind him ftands a female crowned, and to the right are three attendants beneath the roof of a temple, at the round-arched door of which the Holy Dove, holding a fmall ampulla, defcends upon the head of the chief figure. The two upper fcenes of this piece are fuppofed to reprefent two miracles of St. Remigius, and the lower one the converfion and baptifm of Clovis. Figured, Lacroix et Sere, Le Moyen Age, Diptych, p. 344 ; alfo Lacroix, Les Arts au Moyen Age, p. 356. { 325 .') ’58. 91. ART of a Book Cover. French ? Original ? H. 7^ in., W. loth or I ith century. 5 in. A large figure of Chrifi: feated within a double decorated aureola, the large upper one pointed at top ; the lower circular and furround- ing the legs, and forming the feat on which He fits. He is reprefented quite of the juvenile type with long flowing hair, and without a beard, holding a book in the left and blefling with the raifed right hand, the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers being raifed, and the third clofed upon the thumb. The feet are naked, the drapery arranged in many fmall folds. He has a large pearled and cruciferous nimbus. At the four angles are the four evangelical winged fymbols. On each fide of Chrifl: is a fix-winged cherubim, and below them are circular difcs with the bufl: of Sol with head uncovered, refting on a plain round nimbus, and Luna with a crefcent ; a rofette on each fide below ; furrounded by a foliated border. Although rudely defigned, the execution is extremely careful. { 326 .) xirr PART OF A BOOK COVF. R Tenth or Ele-nenth Century. Xo. ’58. 91. (p. 148.) n Pre-Gothic and Rhenijh Ivories. 149 LAQUEj probably part of a Book Cover. German ? X loth or nth century. Original in the colledion of A. Fountaine, Efq. H. in., W. 5|- in. Jefus Chrift riding on an afs on his way to Jerufalem, turns His face to the fpedlator. He is middle aged, with a fhort ftraight beard and a cruciferous nimbus ; He holds His open right hand upwards ; feveral garments beneath the afs’s feet. To the right a very conventional tree, on the top of which is perched a fmall figure of Zacharias. To the left a number of figures holding branches ; the fides are in- fcribed with the words XPS IHS in Roman capitals. Large coarfe workmanfhip. { 327 .) P LAQUE. South German? nth century. Original in the Brera, Milan. H. 3^ in., W. 4 in. An aged faint with a fhort beard and a plain circular nimbus, ad- vancing towards the right, holding a large fcroll in his left hand reaching to the ground ; his right arm and hand extending upwards. In the background, Byzantine architedlure. Rude workmanfhip. { 328 .) ’73- 96, 97- T WO Leaves of a Diptych, the Birth and Crucifixion of Chrift. German. loth or nth century ? Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 161, 162.) Each leaf, H. 3|- in., W. 2^ in. The birth of Chrift, fingularly treated by the fame artift as the two following pieces, Nos. 33 332 . The Virgin lying on a couch with her head propped up, in an open building with flat roof fupported by n fluted columns, with curtains folded round them in the antique manner, and a lamp fufpended in the middle. An attendant with outftretched FiElile Ivory Cajis. 150 hands is fpeaking to her. Above in a fimilarly conftrudled but fmaller building (forming as it were an upper ftory), lies the Infant on an altar, with the heads of the ox and afs above Him. The roof with complete difregard to perfpedlive extends in two divifions to the upper angles of the piece, which is furrounded by a row of fmall pellets. Very rudely executed. ( 329 ^ The Crucifixion. The figure of Chrift nearly upright, with a cruciferous nimbus, of which the limbs of the crofs extend beyond the circle. The feet reft apart on a triangular fcabellum, beneath which a ferpent is coiled. Above are two half figures reprefenting the Sun and Moon on circular difcs. On either fide of the crofs the Virgin and St. John, with hands extending upwards. Below, two half-naked feated figures ; the female to the left holding a tree reprefenting the earth, and the male to the right holding a - long ftafF and a waterpot, reprefenting water. Surrounded by border of fmall pellets. In their defign thefe little pieces agree with various Carlovingian ivories, but the execution is extremely rude, although deeply carved. ’ 73 - 98, 99 - Leaves of a Small Diptych. German. lothor nth JL century? Originals in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Re- prod. Verz. hi. b. 159, 160.) Each leaf, H. 4 in., W. in. 1. Above, the Salutation of the Virgin, who ftands at the door of a fmall temple, with a triangular tympanum, with open hands extending outwards from the hips ; a veil over her head, the Archangel holding a long rod with a crofs at the top. Below, under a Byzantine dome, the Vifitation of the Virgin to Elizabeth. Deeply carved, but very rudely executed. Surrounded by a narrow foliated border. 2 . The vifit of the two Maries to the Sepulchre, here reprefented as a tall quadrangular temple in three ftories, the lower open refting on fluted columns at the angles, the two upper ones with long narrow openings for windows ; the angel is feated to the right with a flowing robe and wings partly extended, holding a long rod with a crofs at the top ; in front of him is feen the napkin rolled up. On either fide or the tower above, ftands a guard armed with a long fpear, and a ftiield refting on the ground. Surrounded by a narrow foliated border. Pre-Gothic and Rhenijh Ivories. 151 ’58. 188. S MALL Plaque. Scandinavian? nth century? Original in the colledion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 4 in., W. in. Portion of a calket ? in two compartments. In the firft the Saviour feated within an oval branching aureola, bearded, with long hair, and a cruciferous nimbus ; the left hand holds a book, the right hand is held open and downwards. In the fecond compartment the winged lion of St. Mark, and the bull of St. Luke. A correfponding compartment (now loft) evidently contained the angel of St. Matthew, and the eagle of St. John. Very coarfe and ftiallow work. ( 333 .) >3. 100. B ook COVER. German. loth or 12th century. Original in the Public Mufeum, Cologne. H. I2 in., W. in. Four plaques of ivory are let into a plain wooden flab containing reprefentations of the four winged evangelical fymbols, two in aureolae and two in lozenge-fhaped central panels, furrounded with bold foliated arabefques forming circles, the central terminal flowers or large leaves often emitting birds’ or fifties heads. The fymbols are deftitute of nimbi, and each holds a fcroll or book. They are rudely defigned and coarfely executed. ( 334 .) ’73. lOI. P ART of Book Cover. Rhenifh-Byzantine. ioth-i2th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Hildeflieim. Height of central plaque, 5f in., W. 4 in. Book cover of chafed metal work, enriched with precious ftones and filigree work. In the four angles, the four evangelical lymbols, and a fmall raifed figure of Chrift on the crofs in the centre at the bottom of the cover. In the middle is inferted a Byzantine ivory carving, containing a tall figure of our Lord ftanding on a rich footftool, bearded, with a cruciferous nimbus, holding a book, with His right hand raifed in benedi61:ion. On either fide of Him ftand the BlelTed Virgin and St. John in his ftiaggy cloak, both tall and thin 5 the head of the 152 FiStile Ivory Cajis. Virgin very fmall ; each with hands raifed towards their Lord. At the top and bottom of this plaque is a partly obliterated infcription, of which only remain : — SRIAQVESOTVOBI • • • VARDO TRINA POTESTAS (555.) ’73. 10%, 103. T WO Faces of the Walrus Bone Crucifix of the Princefs Gunhilde. Scandinavian-Byzantine. nth century. Ori- ginal in the Royal Mufeum, Copenhagen. H. 1 1-|- in., W. of arms of crofs, 9 in. Bone crofs of Gunhilde or Helena, the daughter of king Swend Eftridfen, and niece of Canute the Great, who died A.D. 1076. Each limb of this elegantly executed crofs terminates in a circular difc with projedling knobs. The carved figure of the Saviour is loft. On the front, the place of His head is marked by a cruciferous and pearled nimbus, and reprefentations of drops of blood appear below the places where the hands were attached. Over the head of the Saviour is infcribed, IHS NAZAREN^^ RE IVDEORT. In the top circle is a female figure ftanding ere 74 - T WO Leaves of a Diptych. French. End of 13th cen- tury. Originals in the Mufeum of the Louvre. Each leaf, H. 6 in., W. 3^ in. Firfl leaf. Two compartments, feparated by a band bearing a row of rofes. Below, Chrift (without a nimbus) bound by the hands to a central pillar. Two figures are vigoroufly fcourging Him with cat-o’-nine- tails. Above, the depofition from the crofs ; the body, having the arms loofened from the crofs, is fupported by Jofeph of Arimathea, the Virgin embracing His right arm ; an attendant, with a pair of pliers, draws out the fingle nail with which His feet were faftened. St. John and an aged Jew ftand on the right fide looking on. { 395 .) Second leaf. Two compartments, divided in the fame manner as No. 5P5, but the figures are fhorter and lefs vigorous than in that leaf. Below, the Treachery of Judas. Chrift, ftanding in the middle, is faluted by Judas ; an attendant raifes a club behind His head to finite Him, whilft another, bearing a lanthorn aloft, feizes His left hand ; with His right hand He touches and cures the ear of the high prieft’s fervant ; St. Peter to the right ftanding and ftieathing the fword with which he had cut it off. Above, the Crucifixion. The head of the Saviour without a nimbus, the body and legs naturally bent, the feet crofs, the Virgin and two female attendants in a well-exprefTed agony of grief, ftand to the left of the crofs, and St. John and an aged male figure to the right. { 396 .) Very excellent defign and workmanftiip. ’58. 197. L eaf of a fmall Diptych. Offering of the Magi. Italian. 13th century. Original in the Colledlion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 3f in., W. 2 ^ in. The right-hand leaf of a diptych, with the offering of the three kings, two of whom are here reprefented, one kneeling and holding his crown, and tendering his gift with his raifed right hand the other crowned and ftanding behind, extends his right hand, pointing evidently to the ftar ; above, is a maflive plain trefoiled arch. The drapery is well arranged in broad folds in the Italian manner. { 397 .) 30670. M FiSiile Ivory Cajis. 178 73. 140. D iptych. The Birth and Crucifixion of Chrift. French. Early 14th century. Original ? Each leaf, H. 4|- in., W. 3 in. 1, The Birth of Chrift. The Virgin lying on a couch in front, Jofeph refting on his ftaff" ftanding behind ; to the right the Infant in Twaddling clothes placed aloft in a trough-like manger fupported on three carved legs, with the head of the ox and afs, and with drapery hanging in feftoons above and at the fides. 2. The Crucifixion. Chrift with the body emaciated, and much bent hanging on a flender plain crofs without a nimbus, no titulus nor fcabellum, but with the feet crofiTed, the body draped from the loins to the knees. Above the arms of the crofs two angels, one holding a cir- cular difc, the other a crefcent, reprefenting the fun and moon. At the fides of the crofs the Virgin fainting with two attendants and St. John holding his gofpel. The figures are carved in very deep relief, and with very deep folds in the drapery. { 398 ,) EVOTIONAL Tablet. Early 14th century. W. 2 in. 141. Birth of Chrift. Original — ? French ? H. 3^ in.. The Birth of Chrift, treated as in Nos. 429 and 430 ^ except that the Twaddled Infant lies on the top of a wickerwork crib in front of the recumbent Virgin, whofe figure is difproportionately fhortened, lying beneath a triple arched canopy furmounted with higher angulated pinnacles. Rude execution. { 399 ,) 73. 142. S MALL Cafket. Life of St. Catherine. Flemifti. End of 13th century. Original in the Mufeum of Tournay. H. in., W. si in., L. 4J in. The cover, front and back of this little coffer are each divided into three and each end into two compartments, each of which is fur- Gothic Ivories. 179 mounted with a canopy of three arches and tall pinnacles, making, in all, 13 divifions, in which are reprefented fcenes in the legendary life of St. Catherine of Alexandria, terminating in her decapitation with angels holding her crowned head over her lifelefs body in the tomb. The figures and groups are fmall but fpirited, and the backgrounds are all teflelated with lozenge-fhaped compartments, inclofing rofettes, a treatment which I have feen in no other mediaeval ivory carving;. { 400 .) ’ 6g . 61. (’73. 143.) T riptych. North Italian. Bone work. 14th cen- tury. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Monza. H. 1 in., W. when open, 9^- in. In the centre, compofed of three pieces, the Virgin handing erecft, holding the Infant on her left arm, and pointing to the Child with her right hand. On either fide an aged male faint. On the wings St. Paul holding his fword and St. Peter a large key. All four faints hold books. Above the different figures is a tall architectural defign of a temple, with the central tower divided into numerous ftories, the centre and wings inclofed in a marqueterie frame. { 401 .) ’69- 57- (’73- 144-) D iptych. Italian. 14th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Monza. Each leaf, H. 3f in., W. 2 \ in. Firft leaf. The Death of the Virgin. An angel hooping over the body of the Virgin lying on a draped couch, anoints her lips (a unique treatment), whilfl: the Saviour ftanding behind with her infant-like foul in His left arm, bleffes the Virgin with His raifed right hand ; an aged difciple at the foot of the couch holds the holy water bucket and a fmall crofs (alfo unique, as are alfo the two other difciples feated on the ground). Nine other difciples hand in the background. Second leaf. The Coronation of the Virgin, who, with the crowned Saviour, is feated on a long feat, on the ends of which two angels ftand fwinging cenfers in the air. Above are three angels playing on different ftringed inftruments ; each leaf furmounted by a Gothic three- foiled canopy and pinnacles. { 402 .) M 2 1 8o FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’58. 250, 251. ORTIONS of a Statue of the Virgin and Child, which X opens in the centre fo as to form a Triptych. French. Early 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Arundel Soc. Cat., xi. g. H. 1 5 in., W. 4^ in. Each wing, W. 2^ in. This remarkable piece, when the wings are clofed upon the central piece, reprefents the Blefled Virgin feated on a chair, with the infant Saviour on her knee, who holds a fmall ball in His left hand. His right hand raifed. The two figures fit quite upright and are cut through the middle from top to bottom, each half forming one of the wings. When opened the centre piece is occupied by a reprefentation of the crucifixion. The head of Chrift, with a cruciferous nimbus, is bent towards the Virgin {landing at His right fide. His feet are feparately nailed without a fcabellum, and there is no titulus. On the left fide of Chrift ftands St. John in an attitude of grief; behind the Virgin ftands a crowned female figure (Ecclefia) holding a cup towards the wound in the right fide of Chrift. Behind St. John ftands a blindfolded female, reprefenting the fynagogue, holding a broken rod and pennon in her left hand, and another objedl like an oval box in her right hand. Two angels above the arms of the crofs hold the fun (like a radiating ftar) and the crefcent moon. At the top of the crofs is a circle in- clofing the Lamb of God holding a crofs. Beneath, is the depofition of the body of Chrift in a plain oblong tomb, Jofeph of Arimathea putting fpices into the wounded fide of the body. Beneath is a lion ftanding over an open tomb (poffibly reprefenting the lion of the houfe of Judah, emblematic of ChrifPs viilory over death). In the fmall oval top of the piece occupied by the head of the Virgin is a reprefentation of Chrift feated in glory, holding an open book and with the right hand raifed in benedidlion. Oppofite to this figure, in the correfponding narrow part of the two wings are two angels, with wings and hands raifed in adoration, and below in the broad part of the wings are : i. Chrift ftanding before Pontius Pilate. 2. Chrift bearing the crofs. 3. Chrift bound to a pillar being fcourged. 4. Chrift ftepping out of the tomb, two angels at the fide worftiipping him. 5. The three Maries at the tomb, on which is feated the angel (the two diminutive guards lying beneath the tomb). 6. The fio/i me tangere^ Chrift holding a fcroll inftead of the ordinary little crofs. At the foot of the three pieces are the four Evangelifts writing their gofpels, infpired by the heads only of their refpedlive fymbols. The Gothic Ivories. i8i arrangement of thefe fubjedls is very elegant, the deligns admirably conceived, and the execution in deep relief, and very bold. The back of the centre piece reprefents a chair divided into three compartments, in the two upper of which are three imitation windows with round tops. { 403 ^ 404 ,) The fmall detached bafe has in front the birth of Chrift, under a plain round arch refting on lateral columns, and with flightly orna- mented capitals; the Virgin lying at length on a couch in front, propped up with pillows, extends her left hand in a very natural manner to the Infant lying on the top of a manger near her, with the heads of the afs and ox, a lamp hanging from above. At one end, under a rounded arch, is feated Jofeph, refting his head on his hand, and at the other end the falutation of the archangel Gabriel. { 405 , 406 .) Figured. This “ Vierge ouvrante,” and all its details and groups, are reprefented by Didron in many plates, in the Annales Archeolo- giques, vol. xx. pp. i8i and 316 ; vol. xxii. p. 258 ; vol. xxv. p. 165 ; vol. xxvi. pp. 410, 412, 420 ; vol. xxvii. pp. 51 and 107. Alfo Violet- le-Duc, Di(ft. Mobilier Franc., ift part, pp. 131, 132, ’54- 72. ARGE Diptych, each leaf in three compartments. French. jl y Early 14th century. Original in the Colledlion of the Comte de I’Efcalopier. Each leaf, H. loj- in., W. 4|- in. Each leaf in three compartments, feparated by plain tranFerfe bars, each ornamented with a row of rofes. The hiftory of the Paftion is here reprefented acrofs both tablets, commencing at the bottom, as ufual, each compartment containing two fcenes : i. Judas bargaining with the high prieft about to place the thirty pieces of filver which he is receiving in a bag. 2. The kifs of Judas ; Chrift’s left-hand feized by one of the Jews, whilft in his right hand he holds the ear of the fervant (who is proftrate) ; Peter ftieathing the fword. 3. Chrift before Pilate, who is reprefented arguing with Chrift. 4. Chrift feated with a cloth pulled over head and face by two guards, who raife their hands to beat Him ; Pilate waftiing his hands. 5. The Flagellation. Chrift bound by the hands to a pillar, two guards beating him with cat-o’-nine-tails ; Judas hanging himlelf on a tree, his bowels guftiing out. 6. Chrift bearing the crofs. 7. The Crucifixion. The body of the dead Chrift much bent, the Virgin and St. John ftanding at the fides ; above, the fun and moon hall hidden. 8. 1 he depofition i 82 Fi&ile Ivory Cafts. from the crofs ; Jofeph fupports the body and the Virgin the right arm, an attendant drawing the nail out of the feet. 9 . The burial of Chrift in an oblong tomb, Jofeph placing fpices in the wounded fide of the Saviour. 10 . The three Maries at the fame fhaped tomb, on the edge of which the angel is feated \ the women wear whimples and long veils, and bear fpice boxes ; two guards, armed cap-a-pie, afleep on the fore- ground. II. The Noli me tangere. Chrift holding a long crofs. 12 . The Harrowing of Hades. Chrift ftanding at Hell’s mouth in the ftiape of a gigantic dragon’s mouth, out of which the Saviour is drawing two perfons by the hand ; a difcomfited demon in a rage is looking on from above. Chrift throughout is here reprefented without a nimbus. The defign is fpirited and the execution good, with the draperies arranged in large fimple folds. Figured, Didron, Annales ArcheoL, voL xxv. p. 297 . {407.) ’54- 75- ’73- 145- T WO Leaves of a Diptych. French. Early 14th century. Originals in the Cabinet des Antiques, Bibl. Nat., Paris. Each leaf, 1 1 in. by 4.^ in. Each leaf divided into three compartments ; the fubjedls continued acrofs both pieces. At the bottom, on the right leaf, the Virgin, crowned and feated, defigned without the flighteft regard to the true proportion of the different members of the body, holding a flower in her right hand and the Holy Child on her knee. He is ftanding looking to the left, towards the kings feen in the other leaf. On either fide ftands an angel with a tall candleftick and taper. On the left leaf, the three kings crowned ; the foremoft, aged, kneeling and holding his crown in his hand, his right hand raifed, holding his gift ; the two other kings ftand- ing behind with their crowns on their heads, each holding a vafe. An attendant, to the left, holds the heads of the three horfes. In the two centre compartments on the left leaf, the death of the Virgin. She is reprefented as of fmall fize, and lying on a couch in the middle of the piece. Two male attendants, fupporting the head and feet in a fheet with which ftie is enveloped. Behind the couch, the Saviour ftanding, with right hand elevated in benedidfion, holding the child-like foul of the Virgin on His left arm. Five other weeping at- tendants ftand around, and five others (making altogether 12 ) approach in a row, forrowfully, on the left-hand leaf. Gothic Ivories. 183 In the upper compartment of the left leaf Chrift is feated exhibiting the wound of His fide and upraifed hands to a male and female kneeling at the fides, for whom the diptych was doubtlefs made. Beneath the feet of Chrift is a fmall femi-circular fpace, probably reprefenting Hades (in the interior of the globe which forms His footftool), in which are feen three fmall human figures in different attitudes. In the top com- partment of the right-hand leaf, Chrift and the Virgin feated, the former with His right hand raifed in benedidlion towards the latter, whofe hands are raifed together in prayer. An angel from above places a crown on His head, and on the other fide an angel fwings a cenfer aloft. The compartments are feparated by tranfverfe bars ornamented with rows of rofes. Both defign and workmanfhip are very poor, {408, 409.) ’58. 35- L eaf of a fmall Diptych. French? Early 14th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum, from the Hertz Collec- tion. H. 4f in., W. 2J in. The Virgin, ftanding under a trefoiled Gothic arch, crowned, holding a flower in her right hand and the Holy Child raifed in her left ; He holds a fmall globe in His left hand, and points down to the flower with His right. On either fide an angel, coped, and holding a long taper. In deep relief. One of the moft beautifully executed figures of the kind ever fculptured. The folds of the drapery and the pofe of the figures are admirable. The correfponding leaf, reprefenting the Crucifixion, is alfo in the Britifh Mufeum colle^ion of ivories. {4i0.) ’73. 146. L eaf of a Diptych, in two compartments. Rhenifh? Original in the Fejervary Colledllon, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. 7^ in., W. 4 In. Two compartments, each beneath three trefoiled arches with foliated crockets and pinnacles. Below, Chrift bearing the crofs, followed by the two Maries, and preceded by an attendant carrying a hammer, and with a head covering like the wing of a bird. Above, the depofition 184 FiBile Ivory Cajis. from the crofs, the body fupported by St. Jofeph, the Virgin ftanding on the left holding the right arm of her fon. St. John, in the attitude of grief, ftanding to the right. Excellent workmanfhip in the broad, but fevere, ftyle of the fchool of the Lower Rhine ; far fuperior to the angular folds in the drapery and the meagre rigidity in the treatment of the naked which chara6lerifes the South German School.” — Pulfzky Cat., p. 49. ( 4 //.) ’73. 147, 148, 149, 150. D iptych, each Leaf divided into two halves, each half with two fcenes. French. 14th century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. Each leaf, H. yi in., W. 4^ in. Eight fcenes of the hiftory of Jefus Chrift, in two rows, beginning at the bottom of the left wing and running acrofs the tablets, i. The Annunciation, the Holy Dove defcending on the head of the Virgin ; a vafe with a lily between her and the Archangel. 2. The Birth of Chrift, who is laid unfwaddled in a crib on the ground in front, with the ox and afs feated in front of it ; behind, the Virgin extended on a bed, holding the Infant’s hand, and refting her raifed head on her other hand. Jofeph ftanding, refting on a ftaff, to the right ; a ftiepherd with his fheep above, liftening to an angel above the head of the Virgin. 3. The Adoration of the Kings. Chrift, ftanding on His mother’s lap, receives the gift from the front kneeling king with His left hand. His right raifed in the adl of benedidlion ; the two other kings ftanding behind, one with his hand pointing to the ftar which’ appears above the head of the Virgin. 4. Chrift’s entry into Jerufalem on an afs, the people ftrewing their garments in the way ; Zaccheus, as a diminutive figure, perched in a tree ; two heads, each as large as Zaccheus, appear above the turrets of the gateway. 5. The laft Supper. St. John leaning on the breaft of Chrift, who gives the cup to Judas kneeling in front of the table. 6. The Kifs of Judas. To the right St. Peter ftieathing the fword after cutting off the ear of the high prieft’s fervant, kneeling before Chrift, who heals the wound by laying His hand on it. 7. The Crucifixion. The body of the Saviour much bent ; the feet nailed with a fingle nail. At the fides ftand the Virgin and St. John ; above their heads two weeping bufts, reprefenting the fun and moon. 8. The Noli me tangere. Chrift ftanding to the right with a tall crofs in His hand, the Magdalene kneeling to the left, with a very conventional tree Gothic Ivories 185 in the middle. Each compartment is furmounted by two trefoiled arches with Gothic pinnacles and crockets. The workmanfhip is very good, the figures in deep relief, the drapery well arranged in deep folds, and the attitudes fpirited, 4i3.) ’54. 90. L eaf of Diptych, in three compartments, French. Early 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 7 in., W. in. Three compartments, feparated by plain bars, each ornamented with a row of rofes. Commencing at the bottom are : i. Judas with the bag of money. 2. Chrift betrayed by Judas, His right hand feized by a Jew, His left hand curing the ear of the high prielPs fervant, kneeling before Him, which St. Peter has cut off. St. Peter fheathing his fword ; another Jew holding a lanthorn to the right. 3. The flagella- tion of Chrift, faftened by the wrifts to a column. 4. Chrift bearing the crofs. 5. The embalment of the body of Chrift by Jofeph of Arimathea, and the depofition in the tomb. 6. The Noli me tangere, Chrift holding a long flender crofs. (4i4.) ’58. ^19, ZZO, ZZl, 2Z2- F our Plaques, each in two compartments. French ? 14th century. Originals in the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. Each plaque, H. 6^ in., W. 3|- in. Each plaque in two compartments, each of which is furmounted by a canopy formed of three trefoiled arches with foliated crockets. 1. In the upper compartment Daniel feated, naked, with hands elevated in prayer, with two lions fitting very quietly on either fide of him. To the left, one of the three Children is feen in a fiery furnace, alfo with hands elevated in prayer. In the lower, the martyrdom of St. Denys. The bifhop, with a low pointed mitre, his hands raifed in prayer, is having his head chopped off with a hatchet, by a man ftand- ing behind him, with a head-drefs like the wing of a bird ; to the right St. Denys, holding his mitred head in his hands, is fupported by two angels. {4i5.) i86 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. 2. In the upper compartment St. Peter looking over the wall in the middle of a large caftle with towers and battlements, preaching to a number of people feated, intently liftening to him. The energetic adlion of the preacher is well contrafted with the attentive pofitions of the hearers. Below, the martyrdom of St. Peter, clad in a long gown reaching to his ankles, upon a crofs, with the head downwards, one attendant faftens his left arm with a rope to the crofs, whilft another faftens his ankles to the crofs with a rope. Thus agreeing with the early reprefentations of his martyrdom, as in the Vatican MS. 5409 of the loth century. ( 4 /^.) 3. In the upper compartment the converfion of St. Paul. From clouds in the centre above, ifliie forth a number of rays extending to the body of St. Paul, in the adl of falling from his horfe (which is already fallen to the ground), with his leg and garment fluttering in the air. In the lower compartment St. Paul raifing Eutychus to life (Adis xxv. 9). The faint flands on the left hand, whilft on the right is a manfion, from an upper window of which is feen the falling body of the youth, who by anachronifm is alfo lying dead on the ground. { 4 i 7 ?) 4. Above, a fainted biftiop, with a moderately low mitre and hold- ing his paftoral ftafF in his hand, is feated between St. Paul and St. John, the former of whom lays his hand on the biftiop’s fhoulder. To the right, the biftiop with an axe is deftroying an image of the Devil armed with a fpear. Below, a naked figure (St. Laurence ?) faftened back up- wards with ropes on a board, is beaten by two men with thongs. A king feated to the left holding a fword is diredling the fcourging. Both the king and biftiop fit upon ftools terminating at the fides in dog’s heads. { 418 ) The four laft-defcribed pieces form a fet fimilarly ornamented with trefoiled canopies. The defigns are bold, the execution very vigorous, and the draperies well arranged. ’58. ^28. L eaf of a fmall Diptych, in two compartments. French. 14th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledlion. H. ^ Two compartments, each furmounted with a pointed trefoil arch. Above, the coronation of the Virgin, who is feated with the Saviour on a long feat, the ends of which are turned into fmall trees convention- ally treated. The Virgin with hand extended in prayer bows her head Gothic Ivories. 187 towards her fon, who is placing a crown on it with His right hand. Below, the martyrdom of Thomas a Becket, by the three knights in front of an altar, at the fide of which ftands an attendant holding a {4i9.) crofs over the head of the martyr. ’73- 151 . 15 ^- WO Leaves of a fmall Diptych. German Gothic. 14th X century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Re- prod. Verz. iii. b. 108, 109.) Each leaf, H. 3^ in., W. in. 1. St. George on horfeback, flaying the dragon with his fpear. The knight is in armour with a helmet covering his head and face, he carries a plain fhield ; in front ftands the captive maiden, of a diminu- tive fize. Surmounted by a nearly rounded trefoil arch, with rofettes in the upper angles. Poor workmanfhip. , (420.) 2 . The offering of the three kings. The infant Saviour ftands on His mother’s knee holding her with His left hand, whilft with His right He accepts the gift of one of the kings (who has no crown), kneeling before them. The two other kings crowned, ftand in the background, one of them pointing upwards (to the ftar, which is not vifible). Beneath, a nearly rounded trefoil arch, with the triquetra in each of the upper angles. The workmanfliip is weak, and the relief but flight. {42L) ’73- 153 ^ 154 - WO Leaves of a fmall Diptych. German. 14th century. jL Originals in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. no, in.) Each leaf, H. 2f in., W. if in. 1. The Virgin ftanding beneath a trefoiled arch, holding the in- fant Saviour in her left arm, and the ftem of a flower in her right hand. An angel on either fide fwinging a cenfer, beneath, a fimilar arch. Poor workmanfhip. (422.) 2 . The Crucifixion. The legs of the Saviour much bent. St. John and the Virgin ftanding at the Tides; beneath three trefoiled arches. ( 423 .) i88 FiBile Ivory Cajis. ’73- i 55» i 56. T he two outer faces of the two Leaves of a Diptych. Originals in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. hi. b. 112, 113.) Each leaf, H. 2f in., W. if in. The outfide of the two leaves of the diptych laft defcribed (Nos. 422 ^ 423 ), I. The Annunciation. The Archangel to the left with uplifted right hand, and the left holding a long fcroll. The Virgin handing to the right, a vafe with a tall lily in the middle. Beneath three trefoiled arches. ( 424 .) 2. The Birth of Chrih, with Jofeph, the angel, and a fhepherd, with a horn. The Infant lying on a draped couch, unfwaddled, in front below the Virgin, the ox only lying at His feet. Very poor execution. ( 425 .) ’73- 157- EAF of a fmall Diptych. French. 14th century, ginal } H. 2f in., W. 2^ in. Ori- Death of the Virgin, in very high relief, beneath a canopy of three trefoiled arches. The Virgin is lying at full length on a couch, one of the attendant difciples holding a pillow fupporting her head, the Saviour (landing in the middle behind the couch, holding the infantdike foul of the Virgin in His arms; a number of difciples (land on either fide. There is no angel above to receive the foul, as in the Byzantine manner. ( 426 .) ’73- 158- L eaf of a Diptych. The Crucifixion. French? 14th century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. 5f in., W. 2f in. The Crucifixion. The body of the Saviour much diftorted, the head without a nimbus, St. John and the Virgin weeping at the Tides Gothic Ivories. 1 89 of the crofs. The fun and moon above the arms of the crofs. Sur- mounted by a bold trefoil arch, with foliated crockets. Good, but coarfe workmanfhip. [ 427 ,) ’73- 159- L eaf of a Diptych. The Crucifixion and Embalment of the Saviour. French. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 5^ in., W. in. Two compartments, each under three trefoil arches. Above, the Crucifixion ; the body of the Saviour greatly contorted, the arms dif- proportionately elongated, no nimbus. The feet nailed together. To the left the fainting Virgin fupported by three attendant females. To the right St. John, weeping, with two Jews. Below, the embalment of the dead Saviour, who is lying on a couch, the head and feet fup- ported on a ftieet by two attendants, whilft another inferts the fpices into the ftomach ; two weeping females (land in the background. Coarfe execution. [ 428 .) ’73. 160. L eaf of a fmall Diptych. French? 14th century. Ori- ginal in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 1 21.) H. jiin., W. 2f in. The Birth of Chrift, reprefented beneath three trefoiled arches with foliated crockets. The general arrangement agrees with that of the fame fubjedf in the following piece, except that the Virgin holds the fwaddled Infant lying at her fide with her left hand ; one fhepherd only is prefent with bagpipes under his arm. [ 429 .) 55- 74- L eaf of a fmall Diptych. The Birth of Chrift. French Gothic. 14th century. Original in the Colledlion of the Vicomte de Janze, Paris. H. 3f in., W. 2f in. The birth of Chrift, treated fimilarly to the laft, except that the Infant lies unfwaddled in a coffin-like crib on the floor in front of the igo FiBile Ivory Cajis. Virgin, whilft the fhepherd is dancing to the mufic of his bagpipes ; his three fheep {landing together at the left hand at top. {480,) ’73. 161. L eaf of a fmall Diptych. The Virgin and Child. French ^ 14th century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum,^ Liverpool. H. W. 2 J in. The Virgin {landing eredl holding the infant Jefus on her left arm, her right hand with the broken {lem of a flower. On either fide an angel holding a long taper. Above is a canopy of three trefoiled crocheted arches deeply incifed. The drapery is boldly arranged. (43i.) ’54. 84. EAF of a fmall Diptych. French. Original The Virgin and Child. H. 3f in., W. 2 f in. A deeply funk oblong panel, in which the Virgin is reprefented {landing eredl holding the infant Chrill with her left' arm. An angel in the clouds from above places a crown upon her head. On either fide an angel with extended wings holds a tall taper. The proportions are tall and graceful, and the figures almoll in full relief. (432,) ’73. 162. L eaf of a Diptych. The Birth of Chrill. French ? 14th century. Original * H. 4.^ in., W, 3^ in. The birth of Chrill. The Virgin relling at full length on a couch, fupporting her head on her right arm, her left hand holding the arm of the Infant lying on the top of a crib in front with the ox and afs lying beneath her feet ; Jofeph feated behind the couch refting on a {laff. Behind him an angel {lands ere6l, pointing to a long fcroll in his right hand ; to the left a fhepherd playing on the bagpipes, with his Gothic Ivories 191 dog and two flieep. Surmounted by a canopy of three trefoiled arches with crockets. Good and bold work. [ 433 ,) ’58- 36, 37 - T WO Leaves of a Diptych. The Virgin and Child, and the Crucifixion. French. 14th century. Originals in the Colledion of Albert Way, Efq. Each, H. 5^ in., W. 4 in. I. A very beautiful {landing figure of the Virgin with the Child fupported on her left arm, her right hand holding the ftem of a floWer (broken off). She is crowned, and over her head (defcending from above) is an angel, whilft at each fide ftands an angel fwinging a cenfer ; furmounted by a finely proportioned trefoiled arch, with dragons in the fpaces formed by the trefoils. In the upper angles are two angels, each of whom holds two crowns. [ 434 .) 2. The other leaf of the diptych. The Crucifixion of Chriff. The head and body of the Saviour are well defigned, but the much bent legs are too ftiort. There is no nimbus, and the feet are croffed over each other without any fcabellum. At the fides of the crofs, in conftrained attitudes of grief, ffand the Virgin and St. John. Above the arms of the crofs are two angels holding difcs emblematical of the fun and moon. Two dragons and two angels holding crowns in the upper angles exadlly as in the other leaf of the diptych. [ 435 .) ’ 54 - 7 ^- F irst Leaf of a Diptych. French. 14th century. Original In the Colledlion of J. G. Nichols, Efq. H. 6 in., W. 3f in. The Virgin and Child in the fame attitudes as in the preceding diptych, belonging to A. Way, Efq. The execution, however, is by no means fo elegant, and the angels at the fides of the Virgin hold long tapers, whilft two others above their heads fupport a crown over the head of the Virgin, furmounted by a bold trefoil arch with foliated crockets. Two angels in the upper angles above the arch fwinging cenfers, cenfing the crown. [ 436 .) ig2 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 163. T riptych. French. 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 171.) Centre part, H. 5^ in., W. 4 in. Centre part. The Crucifixion. The Saviour with the body much bent, fiifpended on a crofs formed of untrimmed branches. Behind the drooping head is a circular cruciferous nimbus ; the feet placed over each other. Two angels above the arms of the crofs hold the fun and moon in their hands. To the left the Virgin mother fainting, fupported by two female attendants. To the right St. John ftanding holding a book, and three Jews. The whole furmounted by a triple trefoiled ornamental Gothic canopy. The fide wings, containing figures of two angels holding tall tapers beneath Gothic canopies, are evidently modern, ( 437 .) ' 73 - 164- EAF of a fmall Diptych. The Crucifixion. French. A ^ 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 122.) H. 3f in., W. 2^ in. The Crucifixio’^ beneath a trefoiled pointed arch, with rofettes in the upper angles ; the legs of the Saviour are bent, the feet crofling, the head without the nimbus, and the feet without the fcabellum. At cither fide ftand the Virgin with hands uplifted in defpair, and St. John with a book. ( 438 .) ’58- 343- T WO Small Pieces of a Calket.^ German.^ 14th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Darmftadt. Each, H. 3 in., W. in. To the right two lovers killing each other ; to the left an aged monk approaches. Very rude work. ( 439 .) Gothic Ivories. 193 ’73- 165. W RITING Tablet, in two compartments. French ? 14th century. Original ? H. 4^ in.. W. in. Two compartments, each furmounted by three trefoil Gothic arches with foliated brackets. Above, a knight on horfeback, holding his hawk, and followed by his attendant alfo on horfeback, is received by a lady at the door of a houfe. Below, the knight, ftill carrying his hawk, and with his circular purfe hanging at his fide, approaches a table prepared with flagons for a feaft, at which fits an aged male figure ; to the right the damfel follows the knight, and is addrelfed by an aged female. [ 440 .) ’ 55 - 57 - P ART of a Box ? Italian. 14th century. Original in the Colledlion of Rohde Hawkins, Efq. H. 3 in., W. if in. A group of warriors with round helmets and large fhield addrelfed by a king, crowned and clad in a long robe, holding a long rod in his left hand and pointing forwards with his right. The king is followed by a juvenile attendant. [ 441 .) ’73. 166. MALL Writing Tablet, century. Original Sylvan fcene. French. — ? H. 3 in., W. 2 in. 14th A fylvan fcene. In the foreground two lovers feated, the lady holding the hawk of the knight on one wrift, the other hand holding a wreathed crown, two attendants (male and female) hold gemmed crowns over the heads of the lovers. Above are two feated lovers killing each other. To the left a chateau, with a warder Handing at the open door. [ 442 .) 30670. N 194 FiElile Ivory Cajls. ’55- 38. S MALL Block of Ivory. The Birth of Chrift. French. 14th century. Original ? H. 'i\ in., W. 1^ in. Small reprefentation of the Birth of Chrift. The Virgin lying at full length on a couch, refting her head on her hand, with the Babe by her fide. The ox and afs lying beneath. Jofeph feated to the right behind the couch ; above an angel holding a long fcroll appearing to a ftiepherd tending his ftieep. Surmounted by a nearly rounded arch with crockets. The vertical fides are fculptured with a flowing arabefque of leaves and rofes on three fides, and with a dragon on the fourth. The execution is coarfe. { 443 ,) ’58.- 324- ART of a Diptych. French? ? H. 5 in., AV. in. 14th century. Original Two compartments, each beneath three Gothic trefoiled arches. Above, the Crucifixion ; the head of Chrift without a nimbus, refting on His right ftioulder, the body and legs greatly bent. To the left, the fainting mother is fupported by two female attendants ; to the right, St. John weeping with averted head, and two Jews, one of whom holds the titulus. Below, the Offering of the Three Kings, the eldefl- of whom kneels before the Virgin with the Child on her knee, and holds his crown in his right hand. In the background the two other kings with crowns on their heads, the foremoft of whom points to a fmall ftar over the head of the Virgin. { 444 ,) ’55- 45- P AIR of Writing Tablets. Love fcenes. French. 14th century. Original in the Britifih Mufeum (from the Colledfion of Rev. Dr. Webb), H. 4J in., W. in. Firft leaf. Two lovers. He kneeling, tenders a rofe to his miftrefs, who ftands holding an unfinifhed circular wreath in her hand to crown him. In the centre a conventional tree, with a fquirrel in the branches. Second leaf. Two lovers riding on horfeback. He holding a hawk on his left wrift embraces the lady with his right arm, whilft fhe beats Gothic Ivories. 195 her horfe with a thong. Each furmounted by a trefoiled arch, elegantly crocketted ; with quatrefoils in the upper angles, each enclofing a human face ; the upper edge with a margin of rofettes. {445.) ’ss- 46 . L eaf of a pair of Writing Tablets. French. 14th cen- tury. Original in the Sauvageot Colledlion in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 3f in., W. 2^ in. Two lovers going out hawking on horfeback, each bearing a hawk on the wrift. He has the head uncovered, but fhe has a head-drefs, which fits loofely, and hangs like a tippet over the fhoulders. Her gown is buttoned down the front, and there is a flit on the right fide for a pocket hole. Surmounted by three arches with Gothic pinnacles and crockets. (446.) ’55- 36, 37- T WO Panels of a Book Cover Englifli Gothic. 14th century. Originals in the Sauvageot Colledlion in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Each panel, H. 4^ in., W. 4i in. I . Within a deeply-funk panel are feated on a long bench, ornamented in front with narrow Gothic columns, the Saviour to the right, crowned, without a nimbus, holding a globe in His left hand. His right elevated in benedi61:ion, nearly touching the crowned head of the Virgin, feated to the left, reverently bending her head towards Him, with her hands raifed and united in prayer. Above is a flattened ogee arch, with two bold rofettes in the upper angles. Excellent work in deep relief. {447.) 2 . St. John, aged, feated on a long Gothic bench, writing his Revela- tions on a fcroll, which refls on a curioufly-formed delk, and holding the large fcraping knife with his left hand. On the defk is perched his eagle, apparently dictating to him. The panel is deeply funk, and the work in bold relief ; the drapery of the figure is admirably arranged in large folds. Above is a flattened ogee arch, with a rofette at the top right angle and a fhield marked with a crofs at the top of the left angle, being the armorial bearings of John Grandifon, Bifliop of Exeter, A.D. 1327 - 1369 . Arundel Soc., xi. k. {448.) N 2 196 FiSiile Ivory Cajls 58- 333. LAQUE, portion of a Cafket? French. Original ? H. 3f in., W. 6 in. 14th century. To the left a lover, with his hawk on his wrift, and a princefs crowned, with a lap dog on her lap, are feated on either fide of an ornamental fountain amongft trees, the lover pointing to the crowned head of an aged man lying at the foot of the fountain, being the refledfion of the buft of a fimilar aged figure feen amongft the branches of the trees overhead, watching the lovers. To the right, a lady feated, holding a circlet in her right hand, fup- ports with her left hand an unicorn, which a huntfman has pierced through the ftioulder with his fpear. Bold French workmanfhip. { 449 .) ’58. 196. N arrow plaque attached to a Book Cover. Englifh ? 14th century. Original in the Manufcript Department of the Britifh Mufeum. H. 5-g- in., W. if in. Within a very deeply-funk narrow pannel, and beneath a trefoiled arch, with crockets above and two rofettes in the upper angles, is repre- fented the Crucifixion, the body of the Saviour much bent, draped from the middle to the knees, with the Virgin and St. John ftanding on either fide. The titulus is infcribed INRI, and in a fmall tranfverfe com- partment at the bafe is reprefented a dragon without fore-legs or wings. { 450 .) ’73. 167, 168. T WO Leaves of a Diptych, each in two compartments. French. 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 3, 4.) Each leaf, H. 5 in., W. 3f in. I. Two compartments, each beneath a trefoiled Gothic arch. a. Below, the Birth of Chrift. The Virgin lying at full length, refting her head on her left hand, her right hand holding the arm of the Saviour Gothic Ivories. 197 lying on a cufhion in front of her, with the ox and afs. To the right Jofeph feated. Above, an angel Handing holding a long fcroll, and talking to a ftiepherd ; another (hepherd with his fheep in a cave to the left. b. Above, Chrift feated, without any nimbus, fhowing His wounds in His fide, and upraifed open hands. An angel to the right holds the crofs, and a fecond to the left the fpear and nails. Below are kneeling an aged male figure and a female crowned, evidently reprefenting the perfonages for whom the diptych was made. 2. Two compartments beneath fimilar trefoiled arches. a. Below, the Crucifixion. The head of Chrift without a nimbus, the legs very much bent, the feet crofted. Beneath the two fide arches reprefentations of the fun and moon. To the left the Virgin fainting fupported by four attendant females, a fword extending from the fide of Chrift to 'the fide of the Virgin (St. Luke ii. 35). To the right St. John weeping and three aged Jews. b. Above, the angel feated at the end of a long bench, reprefenting the tomb of Chrift ; in front of it lie three foldiers in chain armour afieep. Behind the tomb the three Marys ftand, with whimples and long veils, each holding a pot of fpices. Deeply carved and good workmanfhip. (^^^5 452.) ’73. 169. P LAQUE, part of a Cafket. Sylvan fcene. French. 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Re- prod. Verz. ill. b. 165.) H. 3 in., W. 2 In. A lady and gentleman on horfeback riding in a wood, the latter with a hawk on his wrift, the former riding aftrlde like a man. (453.) ’58. 218. T WO Leaves of a Diptych, each in two Compartments. French. 14th century. Original ^ Each leaf, H. si in., W. 4f in. Each leaf in two compartments, each furmounted by fix fmall rounded arches, trefoiled below and crocketted above. The fcenes are carved acrofs the two leaves, commencing on the bottom at the left- hand of the left-hand leaf. Chrift throughout is reprefented without a nimbus. 198 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. Below : i. The Annunciation. The Dove defcending from above, a lily in a vafe between the archangel and Virgin. 2. The Vifitation. Two very graceful figures. 3. The Birth of Chrifl, treated in the very ufual flyle of the period. 4. Chrift raifing Lazarus, already partly freed from his grave clothes, from a well-like tomb on the ground, at one fide of which ftand Mary and Martha, and behind Chrift feveral of His difciples, one of whom covers his nofe with his mantle. 5. Chrift, attended by feveral of His difciples, riding into the caftellated gateway of Jerufalem on an afs, with the afs’ colt walking by his fide like a fmall dog (Zachariah ix. 9, Matth. xxi. 2). Zaccheus mounted on the tree ; one perfon throwing down his garment in the way, whilft another prepares to do fo by drawing his cloak over his head ; feveral fpedtators with large heads look over the battlements of the gateway. In the upper feries : 6. Chrift wafhing the feet of one of His difciples, who turns away his head and holds up his hand in admiration at the condefcenfion of his Mafter, feveral others ftanding behind. 7. The Laft Supper : St. John leaning his head on the breaft of Chrift, who puts the fop into the mouth of Judas kneeling in front of the table. 8. The Crucifixion, with the Virgin fainting, and St. John and two Jews at the fides of the crofs. 9. The Entombment of Chrift. Two aged difciples fupport the head and feet, laid on a long ftieet, placing it in an oblong tomb in front. The Virgin behind the body weeping, and Jofeph of Arimathea pouring fpices into the body. Excellent workmanfhip. (^^^5 455 .) ’58. 2 , 2 , 6 . L eaf of a Diptych. The Salutation and Birth of Chrift. French. 14th century. Original H. in., W. 3 in. The Salutation and Birth of Chrift, under a trefoiled arch, crocketted and pinnacled : in the moft ufual treatment of the period. Rudely executed. [ 456 .) ’ 55 - 66 . EAF of a Diptych. The Virgin and Child. French. 14th century. Original H. 6f in., W. 3f in. The Virgin ftanding and holding the Infant Chrift in her arms, with an angel ftanding on either fide, beneath a Gothic trefoiled arch, under L Gothic Ivories. 199 the apex of which is an angel. Two other angels ftand in the upper angles of the piece, each holding a crown. Excellent work. L ’55- 84. EAF of a Diptych, in two compartments. Italian. 14th century. Original ^ H. 4f in., W. 3 in. Two compartments, each with an arcade of five rounded trefoiled arches. 1. Chrifl: ftepping out of the tomb, beneath which the three foldiers are afleep. To the left the angel is feated upon the tomb, with the three Maries to the left. At the extreme right St. Peter is {landing holding the keys. 2. The Adoration of the Three Kings. To the left a Handing figure of St. James of Compoftella, and to the right St. Chriftopher bearing the Infant Chrifl on his fhoulders. Small fine work. { 458 .) ’69. 71. P ANEL (leaf of a diptych ?), enclofed in an elegant metal- work frame of the 1 5th century. French 14th century. Original in the Colledlion } Belgium. H. 7^ in., W. 4i in. The central ivory panel divided into four compartments, each fur- mounted by two Gothic trefoiled and pinnacled arches, beneath which are well reprefented (but in the mofl ordinary manner of the period) : I. the Prefentation in the Temple \ 2. the Crucifixion ; 3. the Annun- ciation j and 4. the vifit of Mary to Elizabeth. The figures are carved in very deep relief. { 459 .) ’70. ^3. L eaf of a fmall Diptych. French.^ 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of Tournay. H. 4J in., W. in. The Crucifixion. The body of Chrifl greatly bent ; the Virgin with clafped hands and St. John {landing at the fides of the crofs. Very poor and ordinary work. { 460 .) 200 FiStile Ivory Cajls. 'SS- 35- L eaf of a Diptych, in two Compartments. French. 14th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum (Mafkell Colledbion). H. in., W. 3 in. Two compartments, each beneath a crocketted Gothic trefoil arch, with a circular ornament inclofing a funk quatrefoil in each of the upper angles above the arches. Above, Chrift is ftepping out of the tomb with a long rod in His left hand, His right hand raifed in benediction ; the tomb is reprefented by an arcade of eleven trefoiled arches running acrofs the piece, on either fide of which an angel kneels in adoration. No guards are vifible. Below, the Birth of Chrift. The Virgin, lying on a couch, raifes herfelf on her left arm, her right hand holding the arm of the Infant lying beneath her ; the ox and afs are not reprefented. Jofeph, feated to the right, raifes both hands in furprife ; an angel in the clouds appears to the two fhepherds, bearing a long fcroll. Excellent workmanfhip. {46i.) ’58. 329. EAF of a P Diptych. Gothic. 14th century. H. 4|- in., W. 2f in. Original The Death of the Virgin, under three rounded arches trefoiled beneath, pinnacled and crocketted above. The Virgin lying at full length on a couch in front, with her hands crolTed. The Saviour, without a nimbus, Handing in the middle behind the couch holding the infant-like foul in His left arm. His right hand raifed in benediction. No angel appears above to receive the foul. Thirteen difciples Handing by his fide looking mournfully on. The figures are well defigned, {462.) 40. L eaf of a Diptych. Gothic. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 3-I in., W. in. The Birth of ChriH, treated in the moH ordinary manner of the period, beneath live pointed trefoil arches ; one of the fhepherds is Gothic Ivories. 201 dancing to the tune of his own bagpipes. The Infant lies in a crib below His mother’s couch, with an ox and afs at His feet. The execution is very good. [ 463 ,) 73- 170 . T WO Leaves of a Diptych. French. 14th century. Original In the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 235. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 90.) H. 4^ in., W. 3f In. Firft leaf. The Adoration of the Three Kings. The Infant ftands on His mother’s lap, bending forward towards the half-opened vafe offered by the firft kneeling king. The fecond points to the ftar, which is not reprefented. Second leaf. The Crucifixion. Here alfo, as in No. 452, the fword pierces the fide of the Virgin as well as that of our Lord, and the female faint fupportiiig the Virgin holds a book. Above, each leaf is fur- mounted by a Gothic canopy of three arches. { 464 .) ’73- 171 - P LAQUE. Englifh work. 14th century. Original in the South Kenftngton Mufeum, No. 242. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 94.) H. 4f in., W. 2 in. The Birth of Chrift, under a fingle crocketted arch, with a rofette in the middle above. The Virgin lies on a couch, the Infant in a cradle in front, Jofeph behind, and the three fhepherds (one with a bagpipe) and two angels with three fheep above. [ 465 .) ’73- 17 ^- P LAQUE (portion of a fmall Cafket.^). French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 244. '67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 95.) H. 2^ In., W. 4I- in. Two wide compartments, each beneath a crocketted arch, and each containing a lady and gentleman. In the firft the pair are making a chaplet of flowers, and in the fecond they are feated embracing each other, he holding a hawk and fhe playing with a lap dog. [ 466 .) 202 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 173- P LAQUE (part of a Cafket?). French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenhngton Mufeum, No. 245. ’67. (Malkell Cat., p. ’96.) H. 2^ in., W. in. Two compartments, each beneath a Gothic arch, and each contain- ing a lady and her lover. In the firft the pair are meeting and em- bracing \ in the fecond the lady is placing a chaplet on the head of the kneeling gentleman. { 467 ,) ’ 65 . IZZ, L eaf of a Diptych. French Gothic. 14th century. Original in the colledion of — Farrer, Efq. H. 3 in., W. 2 ^ in. The Crucifixion, treated in the moft ordinary manner of the period, beneath three Gothic trefoiled and pinnacled arches. The body and legs of the Saviour are much bent and the head fallen on the right fhoulder fo as to expofe the whole of the circular nimbus marked with a Maltefe crofs fixed at the jundlion of the arms of the crofs, above which are feen the fun and moon ; the fainting Virgin and St. John with two Jews Handing at the fides. { 468 .) ’58. 39- EAF of a Diptych. French ? 14th century. H. jiin., W. 2f in. Original Two compartments, each under four trefoiled Gothic arches, i. Chrift laid in the tomb by two aged men, fupporting the head and feet on a fheet, the tomb a low oblong ftrudlure, with an arcade of fmall Gothic arches ; Jofeph of Arimathea^pouring fpices into the body, feveral mourners Handing round. 2 . The three Maries vifiting the Gothic fepulchre, upon the edge of which is feated the angel, each female bringing a pot of fpices in her hands. Sharply executed. { 469 .) Gothic Ivories. 203 ’73- 174 - L eaf of a fmall Diptych. German ? 1 4th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Yerz. hi. b. 163.) H. 3 in., W. 2 in. The Virgin crowned, ftanding, holding a ball in her left hand and fupporting the Infant on her right arm. Two angels ftanding at the fides holding candlefticks. Above is a plain trefoiled arch crocketted above, with a raifed quatrefoil in each upper angle. ’73- 175 - L eaf of a Writing Tablet. German? 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., hi. b. 179.) H. 1^*3 W. 2^ in. Two pairs of lovers ftanding at the fides of a tree, on the branches of which is feated Cupid, crowned, darting an arrow at one of the ladies ; furmounted by three trefoiled arches pinnacled and crocketted above. (^^^0 ’73- 176 . L eaf of a Writing Tablet. French. 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. hi. b. 180.) H. W. 2 in. Two lovers feated in converfation on a richly-diapered feat, the knight with a fword at his fide, the lady with flowers in her lap, with which ftie is decorating a circlet for her lover, beneath two rounded arches, elegantly pinnacled above ; Cupid crowned and winged, dif- charging two arrows at the lovers ; two angels playing upon the hand organ and violin occupy the upper angles of the piece. Very neatly executed. {472.) 204 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. ' 73 - 177- EAF of a Diptych. French Gothic: Original ? H. 3^ in., W. if in. 14th century. Beneath a plain trefoiled arch, the Vifitation of Mary to Eliza- beth ; the hand of God defcending from the middle of the arch between their heads. ( 473 .) ' 55 - 66 . P LAQUE. French. 14th century. Original ? H. 6f in., W. 3f in. The Virgin crowned, landing beneath a large trefoil arch, holding the Child on her left arm, with an angel {landing at each fide holding a taper, the one to the right alfo holding a flat incenfe cup ; beneath the crown of the arch is an angel with outflretched hands ; in each of the angles above the arch is an angel {landing eretSl, holding a crown. Excellent French workmanlhip. ( 474 .) 73- 178- L eaf of a pair of Writing Tablets. French. 14th cen- tury. Original in the South Kenlington Mufeum, No. 277. ’67. (Malkell Cat., p. 112.) H. 3^^ in., W. 2-J in. The Virgin {landing holding the Infant on her left arm, with St. John holding the Lamb of God and St. Catherine crowned holding her wheel and palm branch ; two angels above hold a crown over the Virgin’s head. > 3 * 179- L eaf of a pair of Writing Tablets. French. 14th cen- tury. Original in the South Kenlington Mufeum, No. 249. '67. (Malkell Cat., p. 97.) H. 3f in., W. 2^ in. A lady and gentleman riding, the latter with a hawk on his left wrifl, carefling the lady under her chin with his right hand. Above are three crocketted pointed arches. ( 476 .) Gothic Ivories. 205 ’73. 180. L eaf of a Diptych. French? 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. hi. b. 178.) H. in., W. 2^ in. The Offering of the Three Kings, treated in the moft ufual manner of the period beneath three trefoiled arches ; the Infant handing on the crowned mother’s knee, the ftar over her head, the eldeft foremoft king kneeling, the two others handing behind. { 477 ,) ’73. 181. L eaf of a pair of Writing Tablets. German? 14th century. Original in the Kunh Kammer, Berlin. (Re- prod. Verz. hi. b. 53.) H. 3^ in., W. 7^ in. Two lovers walking in a thicket, each wearing long hanging fleeves, the knight with a cowl hanging down his back, and his purfe at his very long-waihed girdle ; two faces are feen amongh the branches watching them. Surmounted by a Gothic canopy of three trefoiled and pinnacled arches. { 478 .) ’73. 182. T riptych. The virgin and Child. French.? 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 7592. ’61. (Mafkell Cat., p. 27.) H. lo^in., W., when open, 6 in. Centre piece in two compartments, each under a trefoiled arch. Above, the coronation of the Virgin, Chrift feated, raifing the right hand in benedidlion towards an angel. Below, an elegant ftanding figure of the Virgin and Child, with two angels holding long tapers, and a third above the head of the Virgin. On the wings are two angels holding tapers ; the Annunciation (the angel fmall in the clouds hold- ing a fcroll, a tall lily in front of the Virgin); the Nativity; the Three Kings ; and the Prefentation in the Temple. Each fcene under a plain trefoiled arch. {479.) 2o6 FiSiile Ivory Cajis, ’73- i«3- L eaf of a Diptych. German ? 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 177.) H. 3f in., W. zj in. Under a pinnacled canopy formed of three trefoiled arches ftands the Virgin crowned, holding the Infant Saviour in her left arm, and the ftem of a flower in her right hand. To the left, a tall juvenile figure, appa- rently St. John, holding a book in the covered right hand, and a palm branch in the left over his fhoulder. To the right, a female Handing wearing a whimple and veil over the head, holding a book in her un- covered left hand and a monflrance, with a crofs at the top, in her right hand. {480,) ’55- 71- J^IPTYCH. French Gothic. 14th century. Each leaf, H. W. zf in. Original Each leaf with two compartments under a canopy of three trefoiled arches. I. Firfl: leaf. The Death of the Virgin, who lies with her hands croflTed on a couch, behind which Chrifl: flands holding her infant-like foul in His arms. His right hand raifed in benediction ; on either fide of Him fland the twelve difciples. . 2. Second leaf. Chrifl and the Virgin feated, each crowned, the former with His right hand elevated in bene- diction towards the Virgin, who has her hands joined and elevated in the attitude of prayer ; above, two angels fwing cenfers. {48 i,) ’55- 56. P ART of the Retable of an Altar. The Baptifm of Chrifl. Italian bonework. 14th century. Original in the col- lection of M. Micheli. H. 4^ in., W. 5^ in. The Baptifm of Chrifl, on four pieces of bone. Chrifl immerfed to the middle in water, bearded, and deflitute of nimbus. His right hand A, a i PART OF A REi'A 'L:!.', Gothic Ivories. 207 raifed in benedidion, St. John the Baptift, a venerable figure, ftanding to the right, is pouring water from a cup on His head, the Holy Dove defcending from above. ' To the left are four kneeling angels with out- ftretched arms, fupporting the clothing of Chrift. To the extreme right ftand two male figures, young and old, the latter holding a book, repre- fenting St. John and one of the other Evangelifts, or poflibly St. John as young and old. Very graceful in the proportions, with well-arranged drapery, but the heads are a little too fmall. . { 482 .) ’ S 3 - 58- ^ T riptych. The virgin and Child. Italian bonework. 14th century. Original In the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Central plaque, H. 9 in., W. in. The frame of this triptych is inlaid with marquetry. The middle portion confifts of three plaques ; the centre one, containing the Virgin ftanding holding the Child in her arms j to the right, St. Paul ; to the left, a younger male faint (St. Leonard ?) tonfured, holding a palm branch and fome fetters, and on the left wing St. Lawrence with a palm branch and gridiron, and on the right a female faint holding a book. None of the figures have the head furrounded by a nimbus ; the background of the upper part of the plaques contains an architectural defign. ( 483 .) ’55- 59- T riptych. The virgin and Child. Italian bonework. 14th century. Original ? Caft obtained from the Cryftal Palace Company. Central plaque, H. 9 in., W. li in. Nearly identical in general defign with the preceding, but the figures are far more graceful. The Virgin looks lovingly at her Son, who plays with her face ; on either fide ftand St. Catherine with her wheel and book, and another female faint with a lamp burning and a palm branch (St. Agatha ?). On the wings two fine figures of St. Peter, with the book and keys, and St. Paul, with long beard, holding a large fword and a book 5 above the heads of the figures an architectural defign. ( 484 .) 2o8 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 184. C ENTRE Part of a Diptych. The Crucifixion. Italian bonework. 14th century. Original in the South Ken- fington Mufeum, No. 933. ’56. (Malkell Cat., p. 8.) H. 8^ in., W. 3f in. The Crucifixion, reprefented on three narrow plaques, the middle produced at top into a conical point. The Saviour, without a nimbus, has the body and arms much bent. His feet croffing each other on a fcabellum, with the titulus (without an infcription) fixed by a nail to the top of the crofs and furmounted by a bunch of leaves. At the foot of the crofs ftand two foldiers in helmets and large oval fhields on their arms. To the left, the Virgin ftanding with three more foldiers behind her j to the right, St. John, mournful, with his face refting on his right hand, and three more foldiers, one of whom holds up an unfurled flag, as does one on the oppofite fide of the crofs. [ 485 ,) ’73- 185. L eaf of a fmall Diptych. The Virgin and Child. French. 14th century. Original in the collec 51 :ion of Charles Buckler, Efq. H. 3^ in., W. 2 in. Under a Gothic canopy of three trefoiled arches, with crockets and pinnacles, the Virgin Mary ftanding crowned, holding the Holy Child in her left hand and a flower in the right. On the right St. Barbara crowned, with her foot and fword on the proftrate king, and another female faint on the left ; over the head of the latter is a monogram, which I am not able to decipher. [ 486 ,) ’54- 70. T^EVOTIONAL Tablet. French. Circa A.D. 1400. JL^ Original in the colledlion of Dr. Lentaigne, Dublin. H. 8 in., W. 4^ in. Two compartments, each within a quatrefoil fpace, having the junction of the leaves produced into fmall angles. In the upper • Gothic Ivories. 209 compartment Chrift and the Virgin feated together, and both crowned, the former with His right hand raifed towards the Virgin’s head in the adf of benedidtion, with the firft and fecond fingers extended ; the latter with her hands upraifed together in prayer. Two angels above fwinging cenfers. Below, the Prefentation in the Temple. Simeon ftanding on the right fide of an altar, on which the Infant is already placed, (land- ing eredl, by His mother ; Jofeph holding a taper and a bafket with three doves {landing behind the Virgin. One of the mofl charming produdlions in ivory of the period. Figured, Wyatt, Notices of Sculpture in Ivory, Photogr. oppos. p. 14 . Oldfield, Clafs xi. { 487 .) ’73. 186. LAQUE. Part of a Book Cover ? French,. 15th cen- turyc Original ? H. 9 in., W. 5^ in. A large kneeling male figure, clad in a long gown, and with hair faflened round with a band, kneeling on a cufhion beneath a flattened trefoil arch with foliated finials. The entire background is covered with large fleurs-de-lys, and in front is a coat of arms, the firfl and fourth quarter with three fleurs-de-lys and the fecond and third with a bent pike. { 488 .) ’65. III. C ENTRAL Piece of a Triptych or Reliquary. French. 1 5th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mu- feum. No. 4336. ’57. (Mafkell Cat, p. 14.) H. 8 in., W. 5 in. In the centre is a circular depreflion with a raifed margin, evidently intended to receive relics, and to have been covered with cryflal ; held on either fide by an angel, one of whofe wings is extended downwards along the outer edge of the defign, whilfl the other wing is extended upwards and bent fo as (with the correfponding wing of the oppofite angel) to form a pointed arch agreeing with the outline of the triptych itfelf, the lower fide of the outer arch extending into two foliated cufps, giving it a trefoiled charadler. The background is entirely covered o with fleurs-de-lys. The chafubles of the angels reach only to their knees. 30670. o 210 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. There is a nearly fimilar triptych in the Sauvageot Collection, now in the Mufeum of the Louvre, in which the outer drefs of the angels extend to their feet. (Didron, Annal. Archeol., vol. xvi. p. 231, and tab. ann.) { 489 .) ’ 55 - 41 - L eaf of a fmall Diptych. French. 1 5th century. Ori- ginal in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. in., W. in. Three faints under an elaborate canopy formed of three tre foiled arches. St. John the Baptift in his camel’s hair drefs, holding the Agnus Dei, with a fmall crofs in his left hand. St. Chriftopher bearing the youthful Chrift on his fhoulders, fupporting himfelf on his ftalF and walking through the water, and St. James of Compoftella, in his pilgrim’s drefs with cockleftiell and ftafF. Excellent fharp workmanfhip. ( 490 .) ’58. 227. EAF of a Writing Tablet. French. 15th century. Original ? H. 4 .^ in., W. 2 ^ in. Two compartments, each divided by a column into two fcenes, each of which is furmounted by a trefoiled Gothic arch, with rofettes in the outer angles, i. Two lovers feated in converfation, the lady holding a wreath. 2. Two lovers, the gentleman kneeling, the lady aflifting him to rife. 3. Two lovers feated, he with his hawk on his wrift, fhe with her lap dog on her arm. 4. Two lovers, he kneeling, fhe placing a wreath on his head. ( 494 .) ’73. 187. S MALL Diptych. The offering of the Magi and the Crucifixion. French Gothic. 15th century. Original ? Each leaf, H. 3 in., W. 2J in. Firft leaf. The Crucifixion, under a trefoiled three-arched canopy. The legs of the Saviour much bent ; no nimbus ; the feet crofTed ; the crofs itfelf very flender, with the arms long. To the left, the Virgin Gothic Ivories. 211 fupported by two female attendants. To the right, St. John and two Jews. The figures tall and flender in their proportions. Second leaf. The offering of the three kings, under a fimilar canopy ; the Holy Child ftanding on His mother's knee, the firft king kneeling before the Virgin with his crown in his hand ; the two other kings ftands behind, one pointing to the ftar over the head of the Virgin. Proportions long and flender. ( 492 ,) ’ 55 - 39 - D iptych. French Gothic. 15th century. Original In the colledlion of A. Beresford Hope, Efq. Each leaf, H. if in., W. I J in. Firft leaf. The Crucifixion, under a trefoiled arched canopy, treated in the fame manner as in the preceding diptych, but the propor- tions of the figures are fhorter and the pofition of the Virgin much more expreflive of grief. The fecond leaf in like manner reprefents the offering of the three kings in the fame manner as in the preceding diptych, but the figures, efpecially of the Virgin and of the third of the kings, are far lefs conftrained in their attitudes. ( 493 ,) ' 73 - 188. L eaf of Diptych. St. George. German. 15th century? Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 99.) H. 3f in., W. in. St. George on horfeback flaying the dragon, thrufting the point of his fpear down its throat. The knight is in flowing garments and cloak ; the head naked. Beneath a trefoil arch, with tall towers at the fides. ( 494 .) ’58. 223. L eaf of a Diptych. The Birth of Chrift and the Prefenta- tion in the Temple. French. 1 5th century. Original ? H. 5 in., W. 2-| in. Two compartments, each furmounted by three trefoiled arches, with foliated crockets and pinnacles. Below, the Birth of Chrift. The 212 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. babe in Twaddling clothes lying in a crib below, with the diminutive ox and afs fitting in front. The Virgin lying at full length on the couch, fupporting her head with her left hand, Jofeph feated behind, above are three fliepherds (one blowing a horn) with their flocks, angels defcend- ing from above, holding long labels in their hands. Above, the Prefenta- tion in the Temple. Chrifl: {landing on the altar between the Virgin and Simeon. To the left, a female attendant, holding a bafket and a taper. Excellent fharp workmanfhip. { 495 ,) '58. 217. D iptych. The Trinity and Chrifl: feated. French. 1 5th century. Original ? Each leaf, H. in.. W. 2f in. Firfl leaf. Within a quatrefoil inclofed by a lozenge- fliaped fpace, deeply funk, is a reprefentation of the Trinity. The Father, as an aged man, with a cruciferous nimbus, bears in His extended and raifed hands the crucifix, to which is faftened the dead body of the Saviour, the Holy Dove defcending from the mouth of the former upon the head of the latter. On either fide the Virgin and St. John, and at the foot of the crofs a fmall feated figure holding a chalice upwards. In the four outer angles are the winged reprefentations of the four Evangelifts looking to the Godhead. Second leaf. Within a fimilarly arranged fpace the feated Saviour is reprefented with uplifted hands, ftiowing His wounds to two figures, male and female, kneeling at the fides, the male with bare head, the female crowned. Two angels above thefe figures hold the crown of thorns, the fpear, and the nails. Beneath the feet of Chrifl are three fmall figures in attitudes of grief and prayer. In the four outer angles are angels, two Twinging confers and two fupporting the lozenge-fhaped fpace. ( 496 ,) ’ 55 - 4 ^- L eaf of a fmall Diptych. French 15th century. Original in the colledion of A. Beresford Hope, Efq. H. 4^ in., W. 3 in. . . Four compartments, each furmounted by a rich Gothic canopy, formed of three fmall circular-headed trefoiled arches, with pinnacles. Gothic Ivories, 213 I. The Crucifixion, the Virgin and St. John ftanding at the Tides of the crofs. 2. The Noli me tangere ; Chrift holding a long flender crofs ; behind him ftands the pilgrim St. James of Compoftella. 3. Three faints, Peter with key, Paul with fword, and Nicholas with gridiron. 4. Three other faints, one with a fpade ; each of the fix faints holds a fmall box. The background of each compartment is diapered with fmall rofettes in diamond fhaped fpaces. Small and delicate workmanftiip. { 497 ,) ’69. 73. P ANEL of a Book Cover. The Afcenfion of Chrift. Flemifh. 15th century. Original in a colledlion at Nu- remberg. H. I2-| in., W. in. The Afcenfion of our Lord, with the twelve apoftles, in the midft of an elaborate fcroll ornament, and enclofed in a border of the fixteenth century. { 498 .) ’ 55 - 73 - LAQUE. French Gothic. ? H. 5 in., W. 3f in. 15th century. Original Beneath a richly-carved canopy refting on three trefoiled arches is feated the Virgin crowned, holding the Holy Infant ftanding on her left knee, her right hand holding a lily. On the left ftands a young male faint with a round nimbus, holding a book in his right hand and a palm branch in his left (St. John the Evangelift ?), and on the right ftands St. John the Baptift in a fliaggy coat, holding the Lamb of God on his left arm. Very deeply carved. { 499 .) ’73. 189. P LAQUE, carved in high relief. Henry VI. of England. Englifh ? 15th century ? ? Original in the Fejervary Coll., Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. 9^ in. W. jf in. Henry VL, King of England, clad in his long royal garb, with fceptre and ball and crofs, the latter with a very long ftem, feated under 214 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. a Gothic canopy, attended by his chancellor and fword bearer ; on either fide is a Gothic arch, under which is a fhield, with the arms of England and France (three lions and three fleurs-de-lys quartered). The whole arrangement is fimilar to the royal feals of Henry VL, Edward IV., and Richard III. The infcription at top and bottom of the piece, “ hinricu dei gra ang et fra domi hibern,” in wretched imitation of black letter, is faid by Pulfzky to be “ certainly a later and taftelefs addition, not originally belonging to the relief.” The lower part is, however, infcribed on a tranfverfe bar, evidently intended for it. [ 500 *) >3. 190. L eaf of a Diptych. German Gothic. Late 15th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum (Mafkell Colledlion). H. in., W. 3I in. Two compartments. The Coronation of the Virgin and the Offering of the Three Kings, excellently defigned, and carved with great delicacy. Several of the faces are remarkable for their very plump cheeks. Each compartment is furmounted by a row of four trefoiled pointed arches, over which is a tranfverfe row of rofettes. Above, Chrift clad in a large mantle faftened with a fquare morfe on the cheff, places the crown on the head of the Virgin, who raifes her hands in prayer. Behind, an angel on each fide, ffanding on a pedeftal, is fwinging a cenfer, holding the incenfe box in his left hand. Below, the Holy Child is feated on His mother’s lap, and accepts the chalice offered by the foremoft king, who reverently raifes his crown with his left hand, whilft the next king, crowned, points to the ftar above the Infant, the attitude of whom is admirably portrayed. { 501 ,) > 3 - 191- L eaf of a Diptych. Italian ? Late 1 5th century. Ori- ginal in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 4J in., W. in. St. Anthony, with a cowl on his head, clad in a cloak marked with a T on the fhoulder, leaning on his ftaff, holding a bell in his left hand ; a fmall pig at his feet; walking with a taller monk (St. Francifcus) with a large tonfure holding a book and a crofs, with his knotted rope hanging down in front. Surmounted by a plain trefoil arch, with rude ornaments and names painted. Foliage in the upper angles. { 502 .) Gothic Ivories. 215 >3. 193. P LAQUE. (Two Saints.) French. 15th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 3 J in., W. in. Under two trefoiled arches ftand St. John the Baptift'in his fhaggy coat, holding a fmall circular difc, on which is the Lamb of God holding a fmall crofs, and a pilgrim faint with his ftafF and bonnet (St. James of Compoftella ?). 193- D evotional Tablet. German. Late 15th century. Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 102.) H. in., W. 2f in. The Virgin and Child feated beneath a flattened ogee arch, crocketted, above which is an arcade of narrow trei oiled arches. Above, two angels defcend from heaven fupporting’^a crown, which they hold over the head of the Virgin ; (he, as well as the Infant (to whom fhe is giving the breafl), are deftitute of nimbi. On either fide are two'angels playing on the violin, lute, and other inflruments of mufic. The work is good, but the relief is unufually (hallow. { 504 .) ’ 55 - 49 - D evotional Tablet. French. Late 15th century. Original in the colledlion of A. Fountaine, Efq. H. 3f in., W. 2| in. The Offering of the Three Kings. The Virgin, crowned, holds the Infant on her lap with her right arm. The oldefl of the kings kneels before the Virgin with his crown in his left hand, offering a chalice to the Infant with his right hand, the two other kings, alfo holding chalices and crowned, ftand behind, the firft pointing to the ftar. Above is an elaborate Gothic canopy with triangular pediments and crocketted pinnacles refting upon three trefoiled pointed arches. Excellent work- manfhip. { 505 .) 2i6 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. ’55- 7^- S MALL Diptych. The Annunciation and Crucifixion. Flemifh. Late 15th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Each leaf, H. in., W. if in. Firft leaf. The Annunciation. The archangel, with a very chubby face, kneels on one knee before the Virgin, whofe body is unnaturally bent backwards ; he holds a long fcroll flying upwards in his left hand, whilft his right is elevated in the a6f of benediction. A vafe with a lily in the centre. Second leaf. The Crucifixion, with the Virgin and St. John and attendants, treated as in Nos. 492 and 493 ^ with the fun and moon added at the fides of the top of the crofs. The legs of the Saviour are ftrongly bent, and they and the arms are greatly attenuated. The heads of all the figures are difproportionately large. Each fcene is reprefented beneath a canopy of three rounded trefoiled arches. { 506 .) ’58. 230. L eaf of a fmall Diptych. The Birth of Chrift. French. Late 15th century. . Original ? H. in., V^. if in. The Birth of Chrift, treated in the ordinary manner of the period, but the defign is far fuperior and lefs conventional than ufual. The Babe in fwaddling clothes lies on the top of a wickerwork crib, in front of which the ox and afs are eating a ftieaf of corn ; Jofeph is feated to the right with his ftaff* in his hand ; the ftiepherd with his flocks is arranged in a woodland fcene, above which an angel holds a long fcroll, to which he points with much animation. The whole furmounted by a flattened ogee arch with pinnacles and tabernacle work. { 507 .) 73- 194- L eaf of a Diptych. German. Late 15th century. Ori- ginal in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 123.) H. 3f in., W. 2 in. The Annunciation, beneath a canopy formed of three trefoiled and crocketted arches. The archangel kneels before the Virgin holding a Gothic Ivories. 217 long label in his hand ; the dove defcends towards the head of the Virgin. Poor and coarfe. {508.) ’58. 244. H andle of a Dagger. French. 15th century. Ori- ginal in the colledion of M. Carrand, Lyons. H. 4 in., W. in. The flattened handle of a dagger, widened at top and with the guard very fhort, and terminating at each end in a head. On the flattened part on each fide is feen a violent combat of warriors on horfeback, fome of them being armed cap-a-pie. The carving is in rather low relief. {509.) ’58. 345. D evotional Head of our Lord. French. 15th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledlion. H. in. Head of our Lord, with a fhort beard and long flowing hair, fculptured as a fmall bull. Elfedfively but coarfely executed. {5i0.) ’ 73 - 195- D evotional Head, hollow within. French. 15th century. Original in the Fejervary Coll. (?), Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. H. 2 in. A devotional head (hollov*^ within). On one fide is a well-defigned reprefentation of the face of the Saviour, crowned with thorns, with the blood trickling from the wounds made by the fpines of the thorns. On the other flde is a man’s face, one half reprefented by the bones of the fkull whilft the other half of the face is clothed with flefh. {511.) 'n- ^96, 197- T WO Male Heads, forming the ends of a row of beads. French. Late 15th century. Originals in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledion. Each, H. in. Two heads of aged men, one wearing a coronet with flrawberry leaves ; the front one nearly hidden by the cap worn beneath the circlet 2i8 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. being turned back over the forehead. The other reprefents the head of a monk in a cowl. The features are very ftrongly marked. (5/^, 5/5.) 58. ^45* M ale (Blackamoor’s) Head, forming the terminal bofs of a row of beads. French. 15th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledion. H. }n. End bofs of a row of beads. A Blackamoor’s head, with curly hair, and a cap having a row of jewels round it. (5/4.) ’68. 7. E ight Small Heads, portions of a row of beads. French. 15th century. Originals in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledtion. Each, H. about f in. Thefe heads are carved in a very expreflive manner, reprefenting an emperor (with the German crown), a lady in a highly-decorated heart- fhaped head-drefs, another lady in the horned head-drefs, a bifhop in his mitre, a warrior with the vizor of his helmet half railed, a lawyer in the coif with fpe61:acles on his nofe, and two aged burghers or nobles with different fhaped caps. {5 i 5-522.) ’73. 198. P ART of a Panel. French. Late 15th century. Ori- ginal in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 285. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 116.) H. 2f in., W. in. A charming little group, confifting of the Virgin crowned, ftanding and fuckling the Infant Chrift ; St. John in his fliaggy drefs covered by a large cloak and holding the Lamb of God, and a mitred bifhop holding his paftoral ftaff and a crown, at the feet of whom kneels a woman in the drefs of a nun. [523.) SECTION VIL—SPECIAL OBJECTS. A.— CASKETS OR PORTIONS OF CASKETS. J Note . — The parts of the Brefcia Cafket of the 5th or 6th century are defcribed in the fecond fedlion, ante Nos. 90 - 94 .- ’73. 199-217. INETEEN Small Plaques (portions of a cafket). Byzantine. 9th or loth century. Original calket in the Royal Mufeum of Darmftadt. Each plaque about H. 3 in._, W. zj in. 1. The Creation of Eve. Adam lying afleep on the ground. Eve coming out of his fide, looking upwards, with uplifted hands towards the open hand of God appearing out of the cloud in the right hand upper angle. Infcribed, as in No. AAAM TIINOCaC eta E^IA0EN EK TCTIC HAEBPA A . TOT. 2. Adam and Eve, very tall ill-defigned naked figures {landing, with a tree between them bearing very conventional foliage ; the centre branch with a fruit, on which Eve places her hand. Infcribed AAAM ETA. 3. Eve {landing between two trees. On that to the left the ferpent is twined, whifpering into her ear; {he holds an apple in each hand. 4. Adam {lands eredl, holding out his hand to take the apple offered by Eve. Infcribed AAAM. 5. 6. Adam and Eve feated naked among the trees, hiding their faces, athamed, with their hands. Infcribed with their names. 7. The Saviour with a cruciferous nimbus {landing eredl near a tree. Infcribed IC XC. 220 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. 8. Adam naked, in fear, covering his face with his hands, approach- ing towards the preceding figure of Chrifl. Infcribed AAAMIIOTH. 9. A winged angel fully draped, with outftretched hand. 10. Adam and Eve naked walking together. Infcribed AA AM E^E... Ai© : 1 1. Adam with an apron of leaves tilling the ground with a mattock. 12. Adam, fully clothed, with a fickle reaping wheat as high as himfelf. 13. Adam, fully clothed, carrying a wheatfheaf on his fhoulders. 14. The Death of Abel, who is reprefented as falling on his knees, with unlifted hands. Infcribed TON ABEA. (The correfponding plaque, with figure of Cain about to ftrike his brother, loft.) 15. A feated figure, infcribed O IIAOTTOC, reprefenting Pluto, the god of mines and metals, holding in his hand an objedt which looks like a great cabbage rather than a purfe of money. 16. Adam, fully draped, feated at an anvil, on which he holds a piece of metal by a pair of pincers, his right hand uplifted holding a hammer. 17. Eve, fully draped, with long hanging hair, feated, holding in each hand a long cylindrical bag diftended by hoops, clofed at top by a flat circular piece with a handle ; that in her right hand pulled upwards to its whole length, the other puftied downwards ; the bottoms within a fmall fpace on the lower angle of the piece. In conjun6fion with the two preceding pieces it is evident that thefe inftruments are intended for a pair of bellows, with which ftie is blowing the ftove in which Adam heats the objedl which he is forging. 18. Portion of a long plaque with ornamental mouldings and an arabefque border with foliage, grapes, and animals, forming the borders of the cafket to which the above-defcribed plaques are affixed. 19. Portion of one of the narrow borders feparating the plaques, with circles enclofing rofettes. Some of the figures of the preceding plaques are quite like the fame in a piece in the Meyrick Colledlion, efpecially the creation of Eve and the death of Abel, defcribed above. No. 147, {524-542,) ’73. ^18-2^2. F ive pieces, being the front, back, two fides, and top of a Cafket. Byzantine. nth century. Original cafket in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 216. ’65. (Mafkell Cat, p. 47.) L. 15! in., H. 4^ in., W. 6 in. 221 Special ObjeEls — Cajkets. 7’he front, back, top, and Tides of this fplendid cafket from Veroli (the fineft of the clafs to which it belongs) are delicately carved with claflical fubjedts, fome of which are identical with thofe in the plaques in the Meyrick Colledlion defcribed in the next article. Amongft thefe fubjedls arecEuropa on the bull, Orpheus with his lyre, Bacchus in a chariot drawn by leopards, Pegafus, Efculapius, the child Achilles taught by Chiron, &c. (543-547,) ’58. 341. T WO Portions of a Cafket with the ends of the top Hoping. Byzantine. 9th to i ith century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledion. Each, H. 2 in., L. 10. in. I. A mythological feries of figures. To the left a child feeding a lion, holding a plate to it ; above, a hound licking a plate ; a child fitting on the top of a fhort column looking on. In the middle a child riding on a kind of fea horfe, and to the right children playing with a mare, one fucking her teats as in the V eroli calket. A fmall altar in the right angle of the piece. Very deep relief, evidently by the fame artift as the Veroli cafket. 2 . Two centaurs playing on the pan-pipes, with a child playing the cymbals, and one (Chiron) fondling a child (Achilles). In the centre a youthful male figure Handing leaning on his long wand. To the left, part of another figure, injured, playing on a kind of lyre. A child with its head in a flat vafe as in the Veroli cafket. Very bold excellent work. 549,) ’73. 5:^3. L ong Plaque with Hoping ends (part of the Hoping top of a CaHcet. Byzantine. loth or nth century. Original ? L. 8f in., W. if in. At each end is a battle between two warriors, three of whom are armed with fhort fwords and fmall rounded fhields, and the fourth with a fhort fpear. In the middle two naked warriors Handing eredl, each holding a long fpear and a large round fhield reHing on the ground. (550.) 222 FiBile Ivory Cajis. ’73. 224. L ong Plaque with floping ends (part of the top of a Cafket). Byzantine. loth or i ith century. Original ? L. 8f in., W. if in. To the left a female figure fully clad is ftruggling in front of a (lender feat, her arms extended and her wrifts fattened with cords. In front of her a man in a tunic approaches armed with a fceptre or fliort rod in his right hand extended towards her, whiltt his left arm is uplifted, hold- ing a fword, with which he is preparing to ttrike her. To the left two male figures, one in armour feated on an ornamental throne in converfa- tion, each holding a long fpear. In the centre two other warriors armed with long fpears in debate, one feated on the ground upon his round fhield. (55/.) ’58. 189. P LAQUE, evidently the top of a Calket. loth or nth century. Original ? W. 4 in. Byzantine. L. 7-I in.. Within a funk oblong central panel two warriors on horfeback, one armed with a fpear, the other with a fword, and each with a round plain (hield hanging at his back. Surrounded by an arabefque border forming circles, within which birds and beatts alternate with foliage. The goofe, fquirrel, and goat are vifible among the former. (55^.) ’58. :349a. T OP and four fides of a Cafket. Byzantine. loth or I Ith century. Original in the South Kenfington Mu- feum. Top, L. 7 in., W. 3^ in. Front and back, L. 10 in., H. 4-I in. Ends, L. in., H. 4J in. I. Top of cafket, forming a very deeply incifed oblong panel. A combat between ten warriors on horfeback and on foot, feveral of them clad in Byzantine armour and armed with fwords and fhields. The special ObjeBs — Cajkets. 223 adlion is very energetic, moft of the horfes rearing on their hind legs One naked figure feated in front is quietly regarding the fray. The figures are for the moft part ill-drawn, but the anatomical details have not been difregarded. 2. Front of calket, compofed of three fmall plaques, each about in. by I j in. Surrounded by borders compofed of circles enclofing rofettes or ftars. To the right and left two naked warriors with cloaks floating at their backs, wearing ' Phrygian caps, and armed with fliort fwords and fmall round ftiields, are preparing to attack each other. In the centre a fmaller plaque with a naked figure ftanding erecft with a cloak floating behind him, refting on a fpear held in his left hand, whilft his right hand holds what appears like a fmall veflTel with a handle. 3. Back of calket. A fimilar piece, with three plaques. To the left a warrior in Byzantine armour ftanding eredf, holding a long fpear and fliield refting upon the ground. In the middle, a male figure in a long tunic, with a cloak floating behind him, is preparing to attack an opponent with his raifed fliort fword, and to defend himfelf with a fmall round ornamental fliield. To the right another male figure fimilarly clad and defending himfelf with a fliield, whilft a naked vanquiflied figure is kneeling on the ground to the right. 4. One end of cafket. Two fmall plaques with borders fimilar, orna- mented with ftars. To the left a naked male figure ftands erecft, holding a long fpear and a fword with its belt. To the right a running naked figure armed with a long fpear and a fliield on which are reprefented fnakes intertwined. 5. The other end of cafket. Two fmall plaques with fimilar borders ; in one a male figure with a tunic and cloak flying behind is armed with a fliort fword and fliield. In the other a naked male figure with a cloak hanging behind him is defending himfelf with a fliield and a fliort fpear, which he is about to throw. {553-557,) ’58. 240. S IX fmall Plaques (portions of a Cafket). Byzantine. loth or nth century. Originals in the Public Mufeum of Arezzo. Each about 2 in. by in. I. A naked female figure feated beneath a tree, refting her head on her left hand, her elbow refting on her raifed knee. 2. A naked male figure feated in front of a very conventional tree, holding a budding ftem in his right hand. 2 24 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. 3. A warrior in Byzantine armour and a Phrygian cap on horfebacic holding a fword in his right hand. 4. A naked male figure with a cloak flying behind him, armed with a fhort fword and round fhield, advancing forward. 5. A fecond naked warrior, fimilarly armed, advancing in the oppofite diredlion. 6. A repetition of No. 2. { 558 .) ’ 73 - ^^ 5 - F ive fmall Plaques. Byzantine. loth or nth century. Originals in the Public Mufeum of Arezzo. Each plaque about 2 in. by in. Thefe plaques are evidently portions of the fame calket as the fix lafl-defcribed pieces. 7. A male figure in a fluted cap and lance, armed with a (hort fpear and round fhield. 8. A repetition of No. i. 9. A male figure in an ornamental cap and clad in a tunic is armed with a fhort fword and circular fhield. 10. A fimilarly-drefled male figure, with a cloak flying behind him, running towards the right. II. A combat between a lion and a naked man, who holds the neck of the lion under his left arm. { 559 .) ’73. 226. T hree fmall Plaques. Byzantine. loth or nth cen- tury. Originals in the Public Mufeum of Arezzo. Each plaque about 2 in. by in. Thefe three plaques are evidently portions of the fame cafket as the pieces laft defcribed. 12. A male figure on horfeback armed with a raifed fword in his left hand has feized with his right hand the left leg of a male bearded figure lying proflrate beneath the fore-legs of the horfe, and holding a fword in his left hand. 13. A male figure in a tunic, armed with a long fpear, riding on horfeback. special ObjeEls — Cajhets. 225 14 . Another male figure on horfeback carrying a flender trumpet or a fhort fpear in his left and a fhort fword in his right hand. There is much energy in thefe little figures of warriors, although the workmanfhip is coarfe. {560.) ’73. 2^7. LAQUE with oblique ends, century. Original Byzantine. loth or iith ? L. 5 f In., W. if in. This plaque evidently formed the floping fide of the top of a cafket. A naked figure handing ere61: holding a long fpear at the fide of a couch, on which lies at full length a figure clad in a tunic, with a circular fhield and fword lying by his fide. To the right a battle between a male perfon armed with a fhield and fword and a naked male figure, whofe fhield is being trampled upon by his afTailant. {56i .) ’73. 228. LAQUE with oblique ends, century. Original Byzantine. loth or iith ^ L. 5^ in., H. if In. A fimilar plaque to the laft-defcribed piece. To the left a female figure (one of the Fates ?) hands with outhretched right arm holding a dihafF downwards, her left hand elevated pointing to a tall candelabrum handing on a tripod, at the oppofite fide of which hands a male figure in a cap and tunic, holding a long fpear and with a fhort fword fufpended by a belt from his fhoulder acrofs his cheh. To the right a combat between two male figures in caps and tunics, armed with fhort fwords and round fhields. {562.) ’73. 229. S MALL Plaque (top of a Cafket ?). Byzantine. loth or Iith century. Original In the Public Mufeuni at Arezzo. L. 3^ in., H. if In. A very fpirited conteh between a naked man (Hercules ?) and a lion, the neck of which is held under his left arm, whilh the lion bites and fcratches with his fore-foot the thigh of the man, behind whofe back 30670. p 226 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. floats a lion’s Ikin (qy. of the Nemean lion). To the left flands another naked male figure armed with a large club, holding the flioulder of the lion with his left hand. To the right a fmall tree. (563.) ’58. 342. 1 tine. loth or iitb century. Each piece about 2 in. fquare. Thefe twelve pieces were portions of a large Byzantine cafket made up of fmall plaques feparated by bars compofed of fmall circles contain- ing elegant rofes and occafionally with fide faces of a very negro charadter. The plaques contain reprefentations of fingle clalTical figures, generally in energetic attitudes. On the floping roof the front and back plaques contain figures of — I. An aged man playing a fquare organiftrum or lyre, which he holds by a femi-circular handle fixed at its fide. 2. A naked figure dancing, hold- ing circular rings or coronets in his hands, 3. Another dancing figure with his back towards the fpedtator, holding a long fcarf over his head. 4. A winged cupid feated on a leaf blowing a conch. 5. A naked figure dancing on his hands, his legs bent backwards. 6. A horned centaur lying on the ground with his head raifed in the air, 7. A cupid holding a globe flying in the air over a ferpent. The two floping ends of the top contain two groups. 8. Two naked figures, one pulling the branch of a* tree, the other approaching with a long rod, to the left is a vafe overthrown, into which a naked figure has fallen head foremoft, his legs kicking upwards in the air. 9. Two naked figures playing with a centaur fitting on the ground. The upright front and back pieces contain nine plaques. 10. A feated figure half draped playing on a fquare ftringed inftrument refting on a pedeflial. ii. A male figure flruggling with a lion, the jaws of which he has feized with his two hands. 12. A juvenile figure on horfeback holding a fpear. 13. A male nude figure with a cloak flying open behind, armed with a circular fhield with a central bofs, throwing a fpear with his raifed right hand. 14. A male nude figure with a large cloak floating at his back dancing, holding a ftafF over his head. 15. Another more vigorous combat between a lion and a man. 16. A male femi-clad figure with a long fpear. 17, A warrior in energetic adlion with a circular ftiield brandifhing a fword over his head. 18. A centaur playing on a flute, with a dog riding on his back. special ObjeSis — Cajkets 227 Each upright end has two plaques. 19 . A nude male figure with a large cloak at his back {landing eredl and playing on a flute. 20 . A nude male figure feated on a leaf playing a kind of violin with a long bow. 21 . A warrior clad in Byzantine armour, with a circular crefled helmet, bearing a fhield. 22 . A third combat between a lion and a man, who has grafped the lion’s head under his right arm. { 564 ’- 576 .) ’71. 50. N ine pieces of a Cafket. Byzantine. loth to 12th century. Original in colledlion ^ Body of cafket, L. lof in., H. in., W. 9 in. The flat central part of the top is 5^ in. by 4 in. Each of the nine portions confifls of one or more central plaques, furrounded by borders compofed of fmall circles, .each enclofing a flar or rofette. Each of the five pieces of which the top confifls have only a fingle central plaque, on which is fculptured in low relief a feries of ill-defigned, naked bacchanalian figures dancing, or otherwife arranged in the mofl outrageous attitudes, bearing circular chaplets of flowers or branches of plants, blowing long horns, or holding quivers. The four pieces of the body of the cafket are ornamented with figures of animals in the central plaques ; thus on the front are two larger plaques, each with a wonderful lion with great claws and very human-like heads, and a fmaller central plaque with an animal, probably intended for a hare. On the back piece the two central plaques are carved with a pair of pea- cocks drinking out of a vafe and a lionefs feizing a hare, a griffin looking on j the fame lionefs and griffin are again reprefented on each end piece of the cafket. { 576 - 584 ,) ’55- 64. P LAQUE, part of a Cafket? Arabian? loth to 12th century. Original in the colledion of — Nightingale, Efq. Now depofited in the Salifbury Mufeum. 2 in. broad, 5-J long. Two winged griffins carved in very high relief, facing each other, the bodies being thofe of winged lions, the heads with the beaks of eagles 228 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. with long ere61: topknots. Between them is a richly ornamented pierced rofette. Rude workmanfliip. Found in the ruins of Old Sarum. { 585 .) ’55-85. P ANEL of a Cafket ? Eaftern loth century? Original in the colledtion of the Rev. Walter Snevd. L. in., W. If in. A feated griffin with long neck and head like that of a horfe, wings erecSf and tail like that of a bird bent upwards. Rude work. { 586 .) ’58. 142. S MALL Plaque of a Cafket. Byzantine. loth century? Original in the Public Mufeum of Arezzo. W. if in., L. 4I in. A lion with great energy devouring a bull, lying back downwards on the ground ; to the right a winged griffin has feized the tail of the lion inits beak. { 587 .) 73 * ^ 3 ^^^ S EVEN Plaques, portions of a Cafket. Oriental. 12th century ? Originals in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 6974. '60. (Mafkell Cat., p. 26.) Five of the plaques, in. by 2f in. Two of the plaques, 7 in. by 2f in. Each piece contains two or three figures of birds or beafts rudely defigned, amongfl: which are peacocks, turkeys, dogs, hawks, deer, a lion attacking a camel, a lionefs, and feveral monftrous animals, one with a human head ; the fpaces between the animals filled in with branches and foliage of a conventional form. The execution is rather peculiar, the flat furface of the ivory being retained, the background cut to an uniform depth, leaving the outlines of the animals fharp and vertical, whilft the wings, ribs, and other details are formed by incifed lines on the flat furface. { 588 - 593 .) special ObjeSis — Cajkets. 229 T ’68. 6. HREE fmall Panels, portions of a Calket ? Eaftern. loth to 1 2th century. Originals One piece, L. 3 in., W. in. The two others, in. fquare. 1. Two fabulous animals (one a griffin and the other a dog with horns) handing facing each other, with a very conventional tree (not unlike the facred tree of the Nineveh fculptures) between them. 2. A hyena-like animal handing near a fimilar tree. 3. A bear feated near a tree which grows horizontally out of the fide of the panel. (594-596.) ' 73 - ^31-^34- F OUR Plaques, forming the four Eahern ^ 1 2th century ? Original fides of a Calket. Two 1 in. long, 5 in. wide. The other two 7 in. long by 5 in. wide. Front piece of cafket. A plaque of extremely rude workmanfhip, with three redlangular fpaces, one with a nondefcript kind of a dragon feated, with wings ; another with an elephant with an ornamental belt thrown over his fhoulders, and the third with a heart- Ihaped ornament formed of feathers or fcales. Thefe fpaces are feparated, and the whole furrounded by bars ornamented alternately with very rude leaves and bunches of grapes. Back piece of cafket. Mounted in the fame manner as the laft piece, except that the two quadrangular fide fpaces are filled with a lion ftanding befide a tree and a wonderful beaft with a long tail, a bird's head, and a pair of rudely- formed wings. End piece of cafket. Ornamented in the fame manner as the two laft-defcribed pieces, except that there are only two quadrangular fpaces, in which an eagle and a nondefcript beaft with fnarling jaws and a tree are reprefented. The other end of cafket. Ornamented in precifely the fame manner as the three laft-de- fcribed pieces, except that the two quadrangular fpaces contain repre- fentations of a bird like a turkey cock and a bear, with two trees. The workmanfliip and defign of thefe four pieces are alike contemptible. (597-600.) 230 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’58. 188. WENTY-FOUR fmall Plaques, being portions of a X Calket. Northern? 12th. century? Original cafket in the Mufeum of the Hotel de Cluny, Paris. General fize, 3 in. by 2 in. • A feries of twenty-four plaques of the very rudeft defign and exe- cution, thirteen of them containing reprefentations of human figures, many of whom are crowned and either feated or {landing, fometimes in groups of three and often bearing palm branches. The largeil piece, 4 in. by 2| in., evidently the centre of the box, is intended for the Saviour feated on a chair with ornamental arms at the fides, on which the elbows of Chrifl reft, the left hand holding a book, and the right hand elevated in benedi(ftion, with the thumb and firft and fecond fingers extended. The nimbus is large and cruciferous, and on the fides of the head is a reprefentation of the fun and crefcent moon. Each of two fmaller plaques contains two {landing figures with large plain round nimbi, poflibly intended for the four Evangelifts. Another plaque reprefents a man attempting to hang himfelf (Judas ?), but his feet reft on the ground and the rope is quite loofe round his neck. Another plaque reprefents a crowned feated figure, behind whofe back a male and female are embracing each other. The other figures are unintelligible. The other eleven pieces are ornamented with very rudely defigned birds, beafts, and foliage or interlaced ribbon work. ( 60 i- 624 .) IGHT Pieces, being portions of the bottom and {loping I \i top of a Calket. Carlovingian or late Anglo-Saxon, loth century. Original cafket in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Length of calket, 9 in., depth, 5-I in., width, 5I in. Thefe eight pieces form the front, back, and fides of the bottom and top of a cafket, of great intereft, the defigns of the feveral pieces being entirely in the ftyle of the later Carlovingian miniatures, whilft the meagre forms of the long-necked women, as well as the archite6lural and foliated details, call forcibly to mind the drawings of the Anglo- Saxon fchool of the tenth and early part of the eleventh centuries. I. Front of cafket. L. 9J in. by 5 in. Herod receiving the wife men. In the centre, beneath a rounded arch or rather dome, refting on fide columns with capitals, is feated 231 special ObjeSis—CaJkets. Herod crowned, holding a rod with a ball at the top. His right hand is extended towards the Magi, who approach from the left in cloaks faftened on the right flioulder with fibulae and Phrygian caps, one emerging from a building with fquare door and round-headed windows in the upper ftory. On either fide of Herod’s throne is a triangular- headed doorway, that to the right having a curtain looped up on the fide column in the antique manner. To the right ftand two of Herod’s guards, armed with long fpears and large circular fhield refting on the ground, and at the end is a building correfponding with that at the other end. Surrounded by a broad and handfome foliated border. 2. Back of cafket. 9J in. by 5 in. The Nativity and Prefentation in the Temple. To the left beneath a long flat roof, fupported on flender columns, the Virgin is lying with the head propped up on a couch, a curtain hanging from the roof looped up on the adjoining column in the ufaal manner, the Infant is lying in a large fquare box to the left, with the ox and afs ; Jofeph feated in the right upper angle under the roof, refting his head on his hand ; to the right, alfo beneath a long flat roof, fupported by flender columns, the Virgin with outftretched arms fupports the Infant, which Simeon prepares to take, alfo with outftretched arms, covered with a napkin, over a fquare altar covered with a cloth. A female attendant bearing the doves enters the fquare-headed door of the temple behind the Virgin. Thefe females wear a clofe cap covered by what appears to be part of the great cloak in which they are wrapped ; they are all reprefented with Angularly long necks. - Surrounded by a broad handfome foliated border. 3. 6 ^ in. by 2 in. The Offering of the Magi. The Virgin feated at the entrance of an open building or fhed with a flat roof, fupported by flender columns at the angles. She holds the Child entirely wrapped in fwaddling clothes on her knee ; behind her in the tent is feated Jofeph, holding a book with his left hand, and extending his open right hand, and behind him ftands a female attendant. The three Magi approach from the left, the firft and fecond with bent bodies, the third kneeling, each wearing a Phrygian cap, and each holding a large faucer-like bowl filled, apparently, with coins. Each alfo wears a cloak, faftening at the right Ihoulder with a brooch. 4. 6| in. long by 2 in. wide. The Flight into Egypt, treated in a very unufual manner. To the right is the walled city of Jerufalem with watch towers, a round building with a cupola and the temple within the walls, towards which approach Jofeph on foot, carrying a knobbed ftaff, pointing towards the city, with his head turned back towards the Virgin, who follows him on foot, 232 FiEiile Ivory Cajls carrying the Infant (with a plain circular nimbus). She is followed by another female with a long ftafF and a man by the fide of a conven- tional tree. The treatment of thefe figures, efpecially the attenuated form of the long-necked females, is very fimilar to that feen in Anglo- Saxon miniatures of the tenth and eleventh centuries. 5 . The angel, with a round plain nimbus, holding a long rod with a trefoil at the top, appearing to the three wife men lying together on the ground afleep, wearing Phrygian caps. 6 . Sloping end of top of cafket. The angel appearing to Jofeph in a dream to warn him to flee to Egypt. Jofeph is lying afleep at the door of a building with a fquare top and a triangular pediment, refting upon columns, round which the large curtain is looped in the antique manner. 7 . End of cafket. 6 in. by 5 ^ in. The Annunciation. The Virgin is feated at the entrance of a Byzantine dome-roofed building holding a flower (?) in her left hand, her right hand extended towards the archangel, who approaches with outfpread wings, holding a long fceptre, and with his right hand extended towards the Virgin, behind whom a female attendant is {landing. Surrounded by a broad foliated border. 8 . The other end of cafket. 6 in. by 5 ^ in. The meeting of Mary and Elizabeth, who are embracing each other in front of a double-roofed building, with two rounded en- trances, one with a curtain looped up on the fide column, the other occupied by a female figure holding a flower? Surrounded by a broad foliated border. Three fides of this cafket are figured by Labarte, Hifl. d’Arts Induflr., Album, fculpt. pi. 10 , and confidered by him to be Byzantine of the ninth century. [ 625 - 632 ,) ’73* ^35-^39* OP and Four Sides of a richly-decorated Cafket. Ger- X man. loth or iith century. Original cafket in the Treafiiry of the Cathedral of Quedlinburg. (Reprod. Verz. Berk, Kunft Kammer, iii. b. 199-203.) L. in., H. 6 in.. B. 6 in. Portions of a cafket, very richly decorated with jewels and filagree work, in the treafiiry of the Cathedral of Quedlinburg, prefented by the Emperor Henry I. J r\ / I special ObjeSis — Cajkets. 233 1. Top. 6^ in. by in. A feated figure of Chrifi: in the centre, and the four evangelical lymbols at the four corners in chafed metal work, on either fide of which is an ivory plaque, qf in. by 3 in. i. The three Maries at the fepulchre, which rifes in the middle in the fhape of a Romanefque tower fquare at the bottom, rounded above and terminating in a fmall conical roof ; within the open door are feen the folded grave clothes. The angel is feated to the left and the Maries approach from the right, holding pots of fpices, the foremofi: in a crouching attitude. The two foldicrs aflcep on their round ftiields and bearing long fpears in the upper angles. 2. Chrifi: {landing in front of the entrance of a claffical temple (with a triangular pediment refting on circular columns with nightly ornamented capitals, and with curtains looped on to the columns) ftretches out His hands on either fide, laying them on the heads of two groups of difciples {landing on either fide of Him. 2. Front fimilarly ornamented with jewels and filagree work, and with metal chafings of the Crucifixion, with two Evangelifis feated at the fides of the crofs and with bulls of the Virgin and Child and eight faints. In the centre is an ivory plaque, 9J in. by 2 in., with the reprefentation of a Romanefque building in the middle and at each end (the middle one ferving for the keyhole), with fix figures of apoftles carved in very deep relief, all holding books, with plain round nimbi, but entirely deftitute of individuality, except one without a beard. 3. Back. 6 in. by iij in. With fquare metal plaques, on which are bulls of faints in the Byzantine manner, in raifed metal work, and in the centre with an ivory plaque with three buildings and fix fmall figures of apollles (agree- ing precifely with thofe of the front) feated holding books, with round plain nimbi, in very high relief. 4. One end. 6 in. by 6 in. Sides, top, and bottom, with metallic chafings, with bulls of faints, and ornaments. In the centre is an ivory carving reprefenting the Transfiguration. Chrifi: (landing in the centre above, with a cruciferous nimbus, young and beardlefs, attended by Mofes and Elias ; beneath, the three apoftles in attitudes of alarm. Surrounded by a neat foliated border. 5. The other end. 6 in. by 6 in. Sides, top, and bottom, with metal chafings ^ of bulls of St. Peter and other difciples. In the centre an ivory carving reprefenting Chrifi: ^ The plaques with the bulls of St. Peter and the other difciples at each end of this calket have evidently been call in moulds, being perfe6lly identical, each little plaque being feparate, and nailed feparately with feven or eight fmall round-headed nails. 234 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ' wafhing the feet of the difciples before the entrance to a claflical building, with a triangular pediment as in the top. Two of the difciples are feated to the right, putting their feet into the water at the fame time ; another who, already wafhed, is putting on his fandals behind the head of Chrift. The heads of the other nine apoftles are feen in the background. Surrounded by a neat foliated border. The defign and execution of the ivories of this calket are very charac- teriftic and diftindl, the figures very fhort and robufl:, the attitudes ill- arranged, and the features rudely treated, but the draperies are better difpofed. Abbild. des Schatzes zu Steuerwald, Nos. 25-28. (633-637.) ’73. Z4o-2^43- F our Pieces of a Runic Calket. Scandinavian? iith- i2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. L. 9^ in., H. 4 in., W. 6 in. Thefe various parts of a calket are made of whalebone, bearing Latin and Runic infcriptions, and have been prefented by A. W. Franks, Efq., F.S. A., to the Britifli Mufeum. Extremely valuable as a fpecimen of Northern-Britifh or Scandinavian workmanfhip, and which has been referred by Mr. Mafkell to the eighth century (Cat. Ivor., Pref., p. xlix), but to which I am induced to give a more recent date from the armour of fome of the warriors as well as from a comparifon with the ftone carvings of the Ifle of Man and Scotland, to which it is impoflible to afcribe a date earlier than the eleventh or twelfth century. i’. Front of cafket. 8^ in. by 4 in. To the right is a compartment in which, beneath a rounded arch, is feated the Blefied Virgin holding the Child (the latter with a cruciferous nimbus) with the three Magi offering their gifts, preceded by a bird of large fize and guided by a rofe-like flar. To the left is a compartment with a figure catching birds by the neck, and two females approaching a bearded figure in a workfhop, with large pincers, hammers, and other objedfs. This was confidered by Mr. Haigh to be intended for the decollation of St. John the Baptift, but Prof. Bugge, of Chriftiana, with greater probability, confiders it to reprefent the ftory of the Smith Weland. The whole is furrounded by a Runic infcription concerning the capture of a whale. 235 Special ObjeBs — Cajkets. 2. Back, 9 in. by 3J in. In the centre is a round arch refting on fluted columns, beneath which are various animals, with interlacing necks and tails. Around the top of the arch, which is intended to reprefent the city of Jeru- falem, a contefl: is taking place between feveral figures. To the left above, Titus and feveral warriors armed with fpears and fwords, one wearing a helmet with a nafal, approach the arch, and to the right, a procefllionof the inhabitants leaving the city, inferibed JDIC FUGIANT JDI 6 RU 8 ALIII 1 in Anglo-Saxon letters. Below, to the left, is the feene of a tribunal, the prifoner feated, holding a cup in his hand ; to the right, a prifoner with a rope round his neck is led off by feven attendants ; at the top and fides is an infeription in Runic letters, tranflated “ Here fight Titus and the Jews.” 3. Top of calket, 9 in. by 3 in. A battle feene in front of a fmall building, with zig-zag ornamented round arch, refling on fhort columns, ornamented with ribbon-patterns and knot-work, with the triquetra in the angles ; beneath the arch a female appears to be feated. The warriors, who approach from the left, are armed with long fpears, fwords, fmall circular fhields, and bows and arrows ; feveral appear to have the upper part of the body clad in ring or chain armour, reprefented by fmall round knobs, and one of them has a helmet with a nafal ; and the legs of another appear to be covered with fcale armour. An infeription of five Runic letters appears near the arch, and is probably intended for the owner of the manfion, iTGILI ; this part of the defign being inclofed all round by an ornamental border, probably reprefenting a wall, the open entrance of which is defended by a man with bow and arrows. 4. End, 6 in. by 3^ in. A hunting feene. Four hunters armed with long fpears appear amongfl trees of a mofl conventional defign hunting wolves, one of which is lying on its back giving fuck to two infants, intended for Romulus and Remus, as we are informed by the Runic infeription ex- tending all round the defign, the names being fpelled Romwalus and Reumwalus.i Figures of thefe four pieces of the cafket are given in Stephen’s “ Old Runic Monuments,” pp. 470-475, and fee pp. xxxii and Ixix, Ixx ; and two of them by Mr. Mafkell, Ivor., Pref., pp. xlix and 1. Defer. Franks in Proc. Soc. Antiq., 2nd Ser., v. 3, p. 382. { 638 - 64 i,) On the Rambona diptych the name of Remus is alfo fpelled Remulus, 236 FiSlile Ivory Cafts. ’58- 32, 32^- HE twelve Tides of a dodecagonal Calket. Byzantine. X nth or 1 2th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Sens. Each fide, H. 7^ in., W. in. The fubjecSts on thefe twelve panels are arranged in three tiers. In the lower tier are reprefented twelve fcenes from the life of David. In the middle are as many fcenes from the hiftory of Jofeph, and the top tier is occupied with ornamental figures of birds, beafts, and mon- gers, fuch as griffins devouring oxen or ferpents, lions attacking goats or ftags. The top of the box is pyramidal, fo that the Hoping top of each of the twelve Tides is triangular in fhape, and on thefe twelve pieces the hiftory of Jofeph is continued. The hiftory of David commences with — i. David ftruggling with a wolf, which has feized a lamb from the fheepfold. 2. David with a large club fighting with a bear ftanding eredl, and David fighting with a lion. 3. Samuel objedls to anoint either of the feven fons of JelTe ftanding before him. 4. Samuel bleffing Jofeph ftanding amongft his fheep. 5. Samuel anoints David. 6. David with a lamb brought by Jeffe to Saul feated under a rounded arch (as appears by the Greek infcription in red ink partially effaced, O CAMOTHA . ^» . . . E PON . . . A . . . CAOTA BACIA i). 7. David clad in a cuirafs and helmet, and hold- ing a long fpear, receives a fcroll from King Saul, who makes him his armour bearer (i Sam. xvi. 21) ; an attendant with a fword and fpear walking away. 8. David with a fling attacking Goliath on horfeback ; above, David cutting off the head of Goliath. 9. The head of Goliath brought in triumph to Jerufalem, a female dancing at the gate of the fmall round city (i Sam. xviii. 6). 10. Saul trying to kill David with a javelin (/^. xix. 10). ii. David ftooping at the entrance of a cavern (in front of which Saul is feated with two ftanding attendants) cuts off* the flcirt of SauTs robe to prove that he had had him in his power. 12. David ftanding on the top of the cave, fhows to Saul, mounted on horfeback and about to depart, the fkirt of his robe (i Sam. xxiv. ii). The hiftory of Jofeph commences with — i. Jofeph narrating his dream to his eleven brethren, who are feated round a femicircular table, with feveral fheep in the background. 2. Eight of his brothers feated, one ftanding; and two ftooping over the proftrate body of Jofeph, appa- rently pulling off his clothing. 3. In the centre, a pit, into v/hich 1 The Greek infcriptlons in red ink or paint on various of thefe panels are either entirely or partially effaced. 237 Special ObjeBs — Cajkets. Jofeph, nearly naked, is being let down by two of his brothers, who hold his hands, fix others (landing in the background. 4. Two camels to the left, on one of which an Ifhmaelite is riding, the other Ifhmaelite is bargaining with one of the brothers of Jofeph, who is now kneeling proftrate on the top of the well. 5. The fame figures as in No. 4, the fecond Ifhmaelite paying the money to the brother, Jofeph (landing behind the former. 6. (Evidently mifplaced.) Jofeph led by the hand by an attendant to a male figure (Potiphar), feated at the mouth of the building with barred windows, as in No. 10, probably intended to reprefent him being cad into prifon after the affair wit Potiphar’s wife. 7. Three of the brothers of Jofeph bring his coat to Jacob, feated on a high-backed chair with along (loping arm. 8. The Ifhmaelites with their camels felling Jofeph to an agent of Potiphar, feated on horfeback. 9. Jofeph brought to Potiphar and his wife, who are feated on a couch in front of a houfe. 10. The fame houfe and couch on which Jofeph is now feated, Potiphar’s wife danding to the right, pulling off Jofeph’s cloak. II. Potiphar’s wife (bowing Jofeph’s cloak to her hufband, feated before a houfe with barred windows, feen in the mifplaced No. 6. 12. Jofeph now danding in front of the fame building, with barred win- dows, is accufed by Potiphar, before an aged, long-bearded judge, feated on a cufhioned throne. The hidory of Jofeph is continued on the twelve conical pieces which form the pyramidal lid of the box. There is fome difficulty in determining feveral of the defigns. 13. Within a deeply-funk arch a young figure is danding with his left hand elevated, as if pleading. On the top of the arch, on a Byzantine cu(hioned feat, is feated an aged figure with two attendants at his Tides, two other attendants are feated at the Tides of the arch. Mr. Oldfield ^ confiders this to reprefent Jofeph tried and fentenced to prifon, whild Lenoir confiders it to repre- fent Jacob feated in the Land of Go(hen, receiving Jofeph, who enters at the arched doorway of his houfe. An angel with outfpread wings at the top of the piece. 14. Jofeph in prifon, is having the fetters fixed on his legs, an angel above watching over the fcene. 15. Jofeph feated in prifon, between the chief butler and baker (interpreting their dreams) guarded by two jailors with fwords ; an angel above. 16. Pharoah lying afleep, above him the feven fat and the feven lean kine feen by him in his vifion. 17. Jofeph taken out of prifon (the fame building with barred windows feen in feveral of the preceding pieces). 18. Jofeph danding before Pharoah interpreting his dream (an angel above). 1 Relying on the trial of Arius as reprefented in a Greek painting of the 13th century, given by D’Agincourt, Peinture, pi. xci. fig. 7. 238 FiSiile Ivory Cafts. 19. Jofeph’s fteward fearching the facks of Jofeph’s brethren, nine of whom ftand in a row ; above, feveral laden camels. 20. Jofeph feated at a femicircular, provifioned table, below him his eleven brethren Hand- ing, Judah on his knees interceding for the reft againft the charge of ftealing Jofeph’s cup. 2i. Jacob in a car, driven by one of his fons, and drawn by four horfes, journeying into Egypt. 22. Jofeph defcending from his chariot, embracing his father Jacob ; above, a group of two men and an ox lying on the ground, which Mr. Oldfield defcribes as perhaps an awkward reprefentation of the killing of a fatted calf in honour of Jacob’s arrival.” It appears to me rather intended for one of the facrifices offered up by Jacob during his journey (Genefis xlvi. i). 23. Jofeph and Jacob feated at the head of a cir- cular table laid out with meats, round which are alfo feated Jofeph’s eleven brethren \ an angel above. 24. Jofeph in his four-horfed chariot (two horfes ftarting to the right and two to the left) holding a fceptre in his raifed right hand, and crowned by his guardian angel. There is confiderable fkill in the defign of thefe various groups, and the archaeological details are very interefting. They are deeply carved, and although ftrongly Byzantine in charadler, they exhibit much influence of weftern art. Figured, Millin Voyages, vol. i. pp. 97-1 il, pi. ix. fig. i, and pi. X. A. B. Lenoir, Monumens des Arts, Paris, 1840, fol.,pl. 28, 29. Violet le Due, Didl. d. Mobilier Franc, i. p. 80, figs. 4, 5. { 642 - 653 :) ’58. 116^. T he top and four fides of a Cafket. Byzantine, nth or 1 2th century. Original^ in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledion. L. 18 in., H. 5 in., B. 7 in. End of cafket, 4J in. by yf in. Bufts of three faints, feparated from each other, and furrounded by feveral very beautifully defigned and carefully executed foliated borders. The faints are reprefented with full faces towards the fpedlator, with plain round nimbi, with fcarcely any individuality, and large ftaring eyes. In the middle is SCS GREGORIVS PPA, the letters arranged on either fide vertically in the Greek manner. He is tonfured and wears the pallium, holding a book in the left hand and with his right hand raifed with all the fingers extended. The faints on either fide of him are the two Romans SCS NERVS (y?r) and SCS ACHILLEVS, with ftiort hair, each holding the martyr’s crown or circlet. 239 Special ObjeBs — Cajkets. End of cafket, with fimilar decorations, 5 in. by in. In the centre is a plaque with the keyhole, to the left is SCS IVSTV . . and SCS PANCRATIVS, each holding the martyr’s circlet, the former only being tonfured. Front of cafket, 5 In. by 18 In. Eight plaques with bufts of faints and foliated borders, as in the two preceding pieces. Here are SS. Philip, Thomas, John (APES), Peter, Paul, Andreas, Bartholomeus, and James (APES), all except St. Peter hold books or fcrolls in their left hands. St. Peter (who alone is tonfured) holds two large keys in his right hand, the wards of which are arranged monogramically ^ to form the letters PE and TRVS, whilft St. Andrew holds a fmall benedIcStional Byzantine crofs in h]^ right hand ; each has a fmall circular nimbus. The infcribed names are in Roman capitals. Figured and carefully defcribed by G. Scharf, in Jones, Waring, &c.. Art Treafures at Manchefter, p. 12, pi. 2. Back of cafket, 5 in. by 18 in. Eight bufts of faints, Stephen the protomartyr, Mark, Taddeus, Matthew, James, Simon, Matthias, and Euke, in fmall plaques, each 2|-in. by 1 4 in. in fize, by the fame artift as the preceding pieces. The hair is generally parted on the forehead, St. Stephen alone with the tonfure ; each holds a roll or book in the left hand, the right hand ralfed. St. Matthew in the adl of benedi 61 :ion, with the forefinger alone extended, the top of the fecond finger touching that of the thumb ; whilft in St. Euke the firft, fecond, and third fingers are ex- tended, the top of the third touching that of the thumb. Each faint has a large plain circular nimbus. St. Stephen alone wears an eccle- fiaftical drefs. Thefe bufts are feparated from each other, and the whole furrounded by foliated borders. Top of cafket, 7 in. by 18 in. Seven plaques, each 2j in. by ij in. In the centre is a buft of Jefus Chrift ; to the left, bufts of the Virgin Mary and two female faints, and to the right thofe of St. John the Baptift and two male faints, defigned and executed in the hard Byzantine manner, with great ftaring eyes. The Saviour is bearded, with long hair falling on the fhoulders, a large cruciferous nimbus, holding a book in the left hand. His right hand raifed in benediction, the thumb and firft and fecond ^ Thus in the fecond key the down ftioke of the T forms the firft ftroke of the R, the bottom half of the fecond ftroke of the R bends upwards to make a U, and the S is fufpended at the bottom of the U. 240 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. fingers extended, the third and fourth bent down ; infcribed, IHC IC XPS ; the Virgin wears a head drefs which extends like a fringed collar over the flioulders ; (he raifes both open hands in front of her breaft, the left hand with the infide turned towards the fpedlator, whilft the right has the back of the hand feen. She has a plain circular nimbus (as have the two female and three male faints). The two females are infcribed, SCA IVLIA and SCA DARIA, and each holds a fmall benedidlional Byzantine crofs in her left hand. St. John the Baptift is clad in a cloak with a fhaggy border, and bears in his left hand, as do alfo the two other male faints, ALLEXNDER and CRISAN- TVS, circular wreaths, as emblems of martyrdom. Thefe plaques are feparated from each other, and the whole is furrounded by feveral borders of (hallow cut foliage, defigned in very elegant patterns, and executed with the utmoft neatnefs and precifion, giving an extremely rich appearance. {654-658.) ’58. 186. F ^OUR portions of a Cafket. Byzantine. 12th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. L. I2f in., D. 5f in., W. 7 in. I. Front, 5 1 in. by 12^ in. An arcade of feven round-headed arches, refling on thick fquared columns, with large fluted capitals and bafes, under each of which (lands ere£l a full-length figure with protruding head, large flaring eyes, and naked feet, each holding a book. The c^tre figure being in- fcribed on the flat furface of the arch -IHC XPC * intended for the Saviour crowned, bearded, without a nimbus, with the right hand railed in benedidlion, the firfl and fecond fingers alone extended. On His right hand (lands S. PETRVS holding the two great keys, and on the left S. PAVE VS, with the right hand open and raifed ; under the four other arches (land SS. THOMAS, ANDREAS, lOHES, and lACOBVS. 2 . Back of the fame cafket, 5 I in. by 12 ^ in. A correfponding arcade of feven arches. Under the centre arch the Virgin (landing in a mo(l conftrained upright attitude, crowned, holding the Infant in front of her, who is alfo crowned and dreffed in a chafuble, holding an open book in His left hand refting on His knee, and blefling with His raifed right hand. Under the arches on the right special ObjeBs — Cajkets. 241 hand of the Virgin are the three kings, crowned, holding vafes or cups, infcribed GESPAR, BALTASAR, and MELCHIOR ; and on her left fide, S. lOSES (Jofeph), leaning on a Raff, S. SIMEON hold- ing two doves, and S. BARTOLOMEYS holding a book. Nothing can be more conftrained and Riff than thefe figures, which, however, owing to their deep relief, have a good effedl. 3 . End of cafket, 7 in. by 5 ^ in. Under an arcade of rounded arches, reRing upon five fquared columns with fluted bafes and capitals, Rand bolt upright S. lACOBVS S, S. PHILIPPVS, S. MATHEVS, and S. MATHIAS ; they are deRi- tute of nimbi, all holding books, with Rraight hair, Riort beards, and great Raring eyes. Three of them have their open hands held upwards. 4 . The other end of cafket, 7 in. by 5 ^ in. A precifely fimilar piece, with S. THADEVS, S. BARNABAS, S. SIMON, and S. IVDAS, all treated alike and like thofe in the pre- ceding piece, except that St. Barnabas is without a beard, and St. Jude (like St. Jacobus S. in the other piece) holds his book with his hand covered with his cloak. Figured, Labarte, HiR. des Arts InduRriels, Album, pi. 144 . { 659 - 662 .) ’73. 244 - P IECE of a Cafket. German, iith or 12th century. Original in the KunR Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., hi. b. 183.) L. 2 -^ in., W. 2^ in. A very deeply carved feated figure of the Saviour, middle aged, bearded, with a cruciferous nimbus, holding a book on His knee with His left hand, the right raifed in benedidlion, with the firR and fecond fingers extended upwards, the palm being towards the fpedfator. He is furrounded by a double aureola, the upper part with an ornamental border, the lower part plain ; at the four angles are the winged emblems of the four EvangeliRs, the angel and the eagle fupporting the Tides of the upper aureola. ( 663 .) ’73. ^ 45 -^ 49 * F ive pieces of a Cafket. German, nth or 12th century. Original in the KunR Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. ^ Verz., iii. b. 184-188.) Each piece, L. 2-| in., W. 2^ in. 30670. « 242 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. Companion pieces to that laft defcribed. Ten figures of Apoftles feated (two on each piece), carved in deep relief, moftly aged and bearded, with plain circular nimbi, each holding a book in different pofitions, the other hand of feveral of them being upraifed and open. One only, without any attribute to identify him, has the right hand raifed in benedidfion, like the Chrift in the laff defcribed piece. ( 664 - 668 .) 73 ^ ^50, ^51. T WO long Plaques, portions of a Cafket. German. 12th century. Original ? Each piece, L. 7 W. 2 in. in. Each plaque contains very deeply carved figures of fix apoftles, feated in pairs on ornamented benches, each with a plain nimbus, and each holding a book with one or both hands ; although in various atti- tudes they are quite deftitute of individuality, and no name is infcribed over them to diftinguifti them. At the right end of one piece and at the left end of the other ftands a fix- winged cherubim, with outftretched hands. The defign and workmanftiip of thefe little figures agree with thofe of the Quedlinburg cafket. ( 669 ^ 670 .) ’ 54 - 63. P LAQUE of a Cafket. German. 12th century. Original in the colledion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. L. 5^ in., W. 2j in. In the centre a very deeply-carved figure of our Lord, feated upon a double aureola, the upper part broadly ovate, inclofing a cruciferous nimbus at the back of His head, and the lower part, furrounding the legs, gemmed and radiated ; His naked feet reft on a footftool. He holds a book on His knees with His left hand, and His right hand was evidently raifed in benedidfion, but is broken off. Two diminutive full-lengthed angels fupport the fides of the upper aureola, whilft two fmall figures, male and female (for whom the work was doubtlefs carved), kneel at each* fide of the lower part of the aureola. On either fide ftand an angel with outftretched wings, holding a book (their heads unfortunately broken off), and an apoftle, each holding a book, one to the left tonfured, with- out a beard, and with his left hand raifed in benedidlion with the firft 243 Special ObjeSis — Cajkets. and fecond fingers extended, and the other aged and bearded, with his right hand raifed and fully open. The workmanfhip of thefe figures is much more careful than that of the rows of faints, by the fame hand, laft defcribed. ’73. IX Plaques from a Cafket. Northern ? 1 2th century. Original ? L. in., depth 5^ in., W. 4^ in. Front, 4^ in. by 9^ in. Adam and Eve clad in fkins, feated amongft trees in front of a pair of clofed doors. Extremely rude, fur- rounded by borders with ornamental frets, poorly executed. Back, 4-|- in. by 9J in. Adam, clad in a fhort tunic, fattened round the waitt, ploughing 5 two oxen drag the plough, which confitts of two large (hears with ferrated under edges ; at the fides and above are very conventional trees and overhanging foliage. One end, 4J in. by 5^ in. Cain throwing a large ttone at Abel, who lies in the foreground upon the earth. Several trees of very con- ventional form are in the background. Surrounded by borders with the fame defign as the latt two pieces. The other end, fame fize. Jehovah, as an aged man, with a cru- ciferous nimbus, expottulating with Cain. Surrounded by borders with the fame patterns as the latt three pieces. Portion of the top, 5J in. by 9I in. Adam naked, feated on a rock, with trees of a mott conventional character, naming the beatts, which approach towards him ; thefe are a lionefs, elephant and griffin, a tiger, unicorn, and wild boar. All executed in the rudett flat manner, and furrounded by broad rude foliated borders. Other portion of the top, 5 J in. by 9^ in. Two plaques each 3J in. by 3 in., each with the figure of an eagle with upraifed wings feparated from each other, and the whole furrounded by broad borders of foliage and grapes. Extremely rude. {672-677.) ’71* 51* P ORTIONS of a fmall Cafket. German ? 12th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Copenhagen. L. in., W. 2 in., depth i J in. On the top at one end a king feated, crowned, holding a very large fceptre and orb, beneath a fquare- headed arch 5 at the other end (fo FiSiile Ivory Cajls. 244 arranged that the feet of the two figures come together in the middle), a bifhop in a low conical mitre under a rounded arch, with other architedlural details. In the front and back and end pieces are branching arabefques of leaves and grapes, of a very conventional charadter, in which many monftrous animals, men with heads of beafts, and dragons are inter- twined, fighting or fnarling at each other. In the ftyle of the rich German illuminations of the twelfth century. { 678 .) ’73- 258. C ASKET. German. 12th or 13th century. Original in the Public Mufeum of Cologne. L. lof in., breadth 3^ in., height of cafket 2^ in., height of top 2|- in. The front and fides of the body of this cafket, as well as of its top (which forms a high-pitched roof), are ornamented with bold fcroll patterns (with conventional trefoil foliage), having a row of heads in the middle of all the chief branches. In the front of the cover the fcroll forms three circles in which as many monftrous animals are in- troduced. The back piece of the cafket is ornamented with interlaced lozenge and zigzag ribbon patterns, with fimilar rows of heads in the middle of the ribbons. { 679 .) ’55- 89. P IECES of a large Cafket. German. 1 2th century ^ Ori- ginal in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz., iii. b. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.) L. 16 in., breadth ii^ in., H. 5^ in. The top as well as the four fides of this cafket confift of a number of fmall fquare compartments, except that in the centre of the top is a large plain oval flightly concave aureola, within which, in a very violent attitude, the Saviour is bounding up to heaven ; the aureola is fupported by four angels, behind each of whom ftands another angel holding a long fcroll and pointing upwards. In the compartment over the head of Chrift the open hand of God defcends from the clouds, with the fun, accompanied by two angels head downwards ; three other angels ftand or kneel in adoration at the fides above ; below in the four fide com- partments are the twelve apoftles looking upwards (three on each), and special ObjeSis — Cajkets. 245 in the centre one Chrift ftands with arms outftretched over the heads of fix diminutive difciples. In the four fide compartments are Chrift (unattended), hanging on the crofs (His feet refting on the ground) ; Chrift taken down from the crofs, His body fupported by Jofeph,whi]ft an attendant with a large hammer and chifel knocks out the nail from one of His feet ; the body of Chrift laid in the tomb, and the three Marys at the Sepulchre. At the four outer angles are the four winged evangelical fymbols. The whole of the top as well as of the fides are furrounded with a border of intertwining dragons, in the Anglo-Saxon ftyle. The front contains nine compartments, in which are reprefented the Salutation : The vilit of the Virgin to Anna : Jofeph afleep dreaming indicated by a head in the upper angle, the Virgin and an attendant feated near : The journey of Jofeph and the Virgin (riding on an afs to Bethlehem) : The birth of Chrift, Jofeph feated to the left, angels look- ing on ; Jofeph again afleep : The baptifm in the river Jordan, repre- fented like a rock, two angels holding the garments. The back contains ten compartments. Jofeph and the Virgin feated, the latter holding the babe on her lap. The offering of the three Magi in Phrygian caps. Three women, two feated each holding a child, two foldiers guarding two women, one of whom holds a child, and four male figures putting two children into the mouth of a well. (I fuppofe this to be a quite original treatment of the malfacre of the innocents.) Chrift near what appears to be a fireplace filled with coals, which He is ftirring with a long rod ; two figures ftand behind Him with hands raifed. In the next compartment a man carries a bucket on his fhoulder, and a female ftanding near a vafe raifes both hands. (I can only fuggeft that this is a novel treatment of the miracle of Cana.) The centurion ap- proaches Chrift attended by two difciples. The centurion returning home finds his fervant fitting on his bed ; a female feated near. The fupper at Emmaus. One end, with eight compartments. Above, a perfonage of authority (Herod ?) feated giving orders ; he wears on his head a cap which looks like a low mitre. Behind him a building, at the fide of which is feated a male figure, the head and hand of another figure ftretched out liften- ing to the order ; another feated figure with a book ; five male figures with long ftaves, three of them (the Magi ?) with horns flung round their necks, and three women feated with infants in their arms. This part of the facred ftory feems to be carried on in the upper row of the back of the cafket. Eight fhepherds with their ftieep (two in each of four compartment) with long ftaves, three looking up and ftiading their eyes with their hands, and four blowing horns. 246 FiBile Ivory Cajis. The other end has alfo eight compartments, containing the Laft Supper, Judas bargaining for the betrayal of Chrift ; Chrift led off by the foldiers ; Chrift fending for the afs ; Chrift riding on the afs, the populace laying their clothes down in the way, and Chrift fcourging the dealers within the Temple, reprefented as a circular building, with towers and battlements. The whole of thefe figures are of the utmoft rudenefs. { 680 - 684 ,') ’58. 247. S MALL Cafket. French. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. L. 5f in., W. 3^ in., H. 2i in. On the lid are four compartments, each with a pair of lovers en- gaged in fond dalliance. The front has fimilar groups with a lion fitting beneath the lock. Each end has a fimilar group, and on the back the lovers are riding on horfeback (the lady aftride), each with a hawk on the wrift. One attendant blows a horn, and another behind them bears a lance. ( 686 ,) ’65. 109. P LAQUE (part of a Cafket). French? 13th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. L. 5-| in., W. in- Part of the ftory of Valentine and Orfon. The knight armed from head to foot in combat with a wild man, whom he has run through with his fword ; in the middle a fountain with water gufhing from mafks. To the right the interview of the knight and a nionk, clad in armour beneath his gown and hood, holding a large key in his hand. In both figures the knight’s vifor is raifed, and on his fhoulder he wears a fquare ailette. ( 686 ,) ’54. 82. T OP of a Cafket. French. 14th century. Original in the Public Mufeum of Boulogne-fur-Mer. L. 8|- in., W. 6 in. 247 Special ObjeSls — Cajkets, In the centre a tournament 5 two knights on horfeback, fully armed, tilting at each other ; two heralds {landing above them on trees are blowing long horns, whilfl from an upper balcony a queen (holding a handkerchief to reward the vidlor), attended by feven ladies, witnefles the combat. To the right the ftorming of the Caflle of Love ; ladies at the battlements are throwing rofes at two knights, one of whom is fcaling the caftle on a ladder, whilfl the other is fcrambling on a tree. Below, a knight loads a formidable catapult with rofes to difcharge at the ladies. To the left the refult of the florming of the caftle is feen, a knight galloping off from the caftle with a damfel in his arms, whilfl below another pair, amoroufly engaged, is being rowed acrofs the caftle moat in a boat by a boatman. Above, looking over the caftle battlements, are other ladies, one of whom holds a coronet of flowers, and another a hawk. {687.') ’ 73 - ^ 59 * T OP and four pieces of a Cafket. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 146. ’66. (Mafkell Cat., p. 64.) H. 4J in., L. 10 in., W. 5^ in. Thefe pieces are filled with fcenes from various medieval romances, the Siege of the Caftle of Love, Alexander and Triftan, the Story of Sir Lancelot, and the Fountain of Youth. {688.) ’55- 44* F our fmall Plaques from a Cafket. French. 14th cen- tury. Original in the colledlion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. Each, L. in., W. 2 in. Part of a cafket, with fcenes of the romance of Pyramus and Thifbe. I. A young female is being forced by two female figures into a caftle. 2. Thifbe, looking over the battlements of the caftle, hands a long roll to Pyramus, Handing below amongft trees. 3. Thifbe hiding herfelf among the branches of a tree, beneath which is a lion feated tearing a garment. 4. The two lovers {landing near a fountain amongft trees, com- mitting filicide, Pyramus running a fword through his own and his com- 248 FtEiile Ivory Cajls. panion’s body, the point of the fword appearing behind the fhoulders of Thifbe. Rude in execution. (689 -69 i:) ’58. 246. OUR pieces of a Cafket. French. 14th century. Ori- ginal in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Various fizes. Front of the cafket, with four compartments, each with a fcene of a romance, each 3 in. by in. 1. A lady lying afleep or dead on a couch, with an attendant ftanding looking at her, with raifed hand, an enormous fword hanging in its fcabbard at the foot of the bed. 2. A male perfonage ftabbing himfelf with the fword (of which he holds the fcabbard in his left hand) at the fight of the female lying apparently dead ; her attendant holding up her hands in difmay. 3. The fame fcene, but the male perfon is here being ftabbed with a fword by a figure in a cowl, feen — 4. {landing under an arched doorway, who again appears to the right marching off with the naked fword, carried ere6l. The back of the fame cafket, with four fimilar compartments. 1. The lover fhaking hands with a perfon in a cowl. 2. A pair of lovers faluting each other, the lady’s lap-dog below, the cowled perfon watching them from behind a tree. 3. The lady and the cowled perfonage feated in converfation, beneath a hanging drapery. 4. The lady {landing at the door of a ca{lle, receiving a jewelled offering from the lover kneeling before her. Top of the cafket, 5^ in. by 10 in. Eight love fcenes from fame romance', i. The lady with her lap- dog, and gentlemen {landing converfing. 2. The lady beating her lap-dog. 3. The lovers feated in an arbour, the lady with her little dog on her lap. 4. The lady putting her lap-dog down to attack the dog of the gentleman, who has his hawk on his wrifl. 5. The lovers {landing near a couch, the lady wearing a crown. 6. Here they are feated on a couch embracing each other. 7. A third perfon in a cowl expoflulates with the crowned lady. 8. Here the fame perfon draws a fword to kill the gentleman who is kneeling before him. In thefe plaques the lady and gentleman wear long loofe gowns, the former has a {lender band round her head, and the gentleman has a hood hanging down his back. The draperies arranged in long fimple folds. special ObjeSis — Cajkets. 249 One end of the cafket, 5 4 in. by 34 in. 2. A proceffion of nine youthful perfonages to the found of two trumpets founded by heralds ftanding upon towers at each end of the piece. All the drelTes are very fimple, the ladies in long gowns cover- ing their feet, with waiftbands ; the males with the gown reaching to the ankles ; one of the females wears a coronet : furmounted by a canopy fix trefoiled arches. The other end, 54 in. by. 34 in. 3. Two fcenes of a romance, i. A tall male figure in a cowl is cutting off the head of the lady with the coronet, feen in the preceding piece ; two of her companions and one of the heralds hold up their hands in difmay. 2. The fame figure kneeling in confeflion before a monk, who raifes his right hand in benedidlion, whilft he touches the ftioulder of the penitent with a crofs held in his left hand. Two ladies ftand near, and the other herald holds his trumpet over the head of the monk. Surmounted by a fimilar canopy as the laft. The entire cafket photographed by Thompfon. {692-695.) T ’58. 249. OP and fix fides of a hexagonal wedding Ca fleet. Italian. 14th century. Original ^ Various fizes. The top has each of the fides, 5| in. long at the rim of the box. The fix fides of this top of a cafket flope upwards fo as to form a low truncated hexagonal pyramid ; in the middle of each fide a bone plaque is inferted, on which are introduced two angels floating amongfl: foliage, refembling rofe leaves, in different attitudes, the pair in the panel on the front fide holding two large hearts, or more probably fhields, on which the arms of the couple for whom the cafket was made might be painted. Each of the four fide pieces contains three bone plaques, each 34 i^* by 1-4 in. I. An elderly female walking with two children. 2. A young female walking in a penfive attitude. 3. Three young men looking with admiration towards the female in No. 2. 4. A young man and maiden walking together. -5. The fame couple arm in arm liftening to — 6. A mufician playing on a guitar. 7. Two fmall figures, one in a fhort Italian cloak, walking towards — 8. A young female walking. 9. Two other male figures, one in a long cloak walking away. 10. Three male figures, ii. A young man and maiden united in marriage 250 FiSlile Ivory Cajis. by an aged prieft, who joins their hands together. 12. Three female figures (bridefmaids ?). Each of thefe four pieces has at each end the doorway of a caftle, either fhut or partially opened, with a female fometimes ftanding in the gateway. Each end contains three pieces, withfcenes from a Romance, i. A female walking, carrying a cafket. 2. Two bearded men, carrying large boxes on their heads. 3. Five fmall figures (children ?) walking in a wooded fcene. 4. A pair of lovers holding each other’s outftretched arms. 5. Three tall female figures ftanding talking together. 6. A caftellated building, out of the doorway of which a woman is peeping. Each end of each piece forms portion of a Gothic tower with the door- way beneath a trefoiled arch, within which a female is ftanding. [ 696 - 702 .) ’58- 15I’ 154- F our portions of a Cafket. Italian bone work. 14th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledtion. Each piece, H. 4 in., W. in. The Story of Sufanna and the Elders, fculptured in a number of narrow pieces, united to form the front and ftdes of a cafket. Sufanna is firft feen naked getting into a bath, the water flowing from a fountain above, and efcaping out of a large lion’s mouth, the Elders feated under trees looking on. Next the Elders approach the fountain, Sufanna putting on her gown. Sufanna is next brought captive before a crowned per- fonage on a feat, with a fword in his hand, a dog lying by his fide,^ the two Elders appearing as witnefles againft her. We next fee the “ young youth, whofe name was Daniel,” pleading vigoroufly before the Governor, who is attended by his guards in armour with round helmets and large fhields, and next the two Elders, bound with ropes, attended by other guards. The Apocryphal verfion adds, that According to the law of Mofes they did unto them in fuch fort as they malicioufly intended to do to their neighbour, and they put them to death.” Here, however, the ftory clofes by their being ftoned to death by the guards, in accordance with the law contained in Deuter. xxii. V. 21. 1 No judge is named in the Apocryphal verfion, but a Jewifli legend afligns this perfonage to Nebuchadnezzar. special ObjeEis — Cajkets. 251 The figures are drefled in the Italian fafhion of the period, and are more carefully executed than is ufual in this kind of fculpture. Figure of the cafket in Jones, Waring, &c.. Art Treafures at Manchefter, pi. 6 . [ 703 - 706 .) ’58. 155- F ront of Cafket. Italian bone work. 14th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledlion. L. 17I in., H. in. Another portion of the cafket with the laft-defcribed pieces, contain- ing a further portion of the Hiftory of Sufanna and the Elders, carved on ten plaques with a narrow central and two fide archite61:ural pieces, the middle one formed into a twifted capital with foliated capital and bafe ; fix of thefe plaques contain figures of the guards of the king, armed with very large fhields and long fpears. In the other four, Sufanna is bound and carried off ; the king, attended by a judicial-looking perfonage, is feated on his throne, giving judgment againft Sufanna, who is led away with her hands tied behind her, and in the next plaque the child Daniel meets and accofts her with a long fcroll in his uplifted hand. [ 707 .) ’73. 2,60a. OUR pieces of a Cafket. Italian bone work. 14th cen- tury. Original in colledlion ? H. 4 in., W. 4^ in. Portions of a cafket with fcenes from a Romance, i. A rocky fcene, with a flag {landing on a rock among trees. 2 . An aged monk holding a book, vifited by an angel defcending from above. 3 . Six young perfons flanding together amongft trees. 4 . The old monk of No. 2 fitting on the ground holding fix fwaddled infants in his arms. [ 708 .) ’58. 50- S IX pieces of a Cafket arranged in a double feries (three in each row). Italian bone work. 14th century. Original in the colledlion of E. Hawkins, Efq. H. 4 in., W. 5^ in. n 252 FiBile Ivory Cajls. Six winged female figures reprefenting the Cardinal Virtues, with plain hexagonal nimbi behind their heads, i. Hope, with the hands and eyes raifed upwards towards a crown. 2. Faith holding a chalice with confecrated wafer refting on it in her right hand, and a crofs in her left. 3. Charity holding a flaming heart in one hand and giving clothes to an infant.i 4. Temperance pouring water out of one vefTel into another with wine. 5. Jufliice holding the fcales and fword. 6. Prudence with three faces looking in different directions, and holding a ferpent in each hand. The treatment is eminently Italian of the period, figures tall, dreflfes with long ftraight folds. {^09^ 710.) ’58. 49a. T hree pieces of a Cafket. century. Original in V^. ij in. Italian bone work. 14th - ? colledlion. H. 4 in.. In the centre Is a feated female figure with wings, holding a large globe in her left hand, which fhe is engaged in meafuring with a pair of compaffes in her right hand, intended either for the fcience of mathe- matics or geometry ; a palm tree growing at the back. On either fide ftands an aged man partially clad in a long robe, holds a large oval fhield pointed at the bottom, which refts on the ground. (^^^0 58. 48. "^WO pieces of a Calket or Shrine. Italian bone work, i 14th century. Originals in the collection of M. Michell, Paris. H. 4.^ in., W. 3^ in. Two pieces, reprefenting the Salutation of the Archangel Gabriel, who kneels before the Virgin, attended by two other angels. The Virgin is feated at an open doorway with a curtain, holding a book, above are the towers and buildings of a city. The Holy Dove defcends towards the Virgin, whilfl: over the head of the Archangel, the Holy ^ Figured by DIdron, Annales, Arch,, vol. xxi. p. 57. special ObjeEis — Cajkets. 253 Infant, in a chorus of cherub angels, is borne downwards towards the Virgin. This is a moft unufual and unorthodox treatment of the fubjedf. ’55* 55- ' T^WO pieces of a Cafket or Shrine. Italian bone work. X 14th century. Originals in the colledfion of M. Micheli, Paris. H. 4|- in., W. in. Tw'o pieces reprefenting the Nativity. To the left the Virgin, feated under a wretched crib, holds the fwaddled Infant in her arms, the manger with the ox and afs in the background ; above, an angel floating in the air. To the right at bottom, Jofeph fitting on the ground, refling his head on his hand ; two fhepherds with their long hoods over their heads, and above them two other fliepherds with their fheep. {7i3.) ’58. 47- T WO pieces of a Cafket or Shrine. 14th century. Originals in the H. 4f in., W. 3f in. Italian bone work. Colledlion. The Lafl Supper. Jefus Chrifl:, feated at the left hand extremity of the table, raifes His right hand in benediction. Eleven difciples fit or rather ftand on the further fide of the table, whilfl Judas fits at the right hand in front, with his bag hanging at his fide. ’58. 49. S EVEN narrow Plaques, portions of a Cafket. Italian bone work. 14th century. Originals in the collection of E. Hawkins, Efq. H. 4 in., W. 8f in. In feven narrow plaques united together are contained feveral fcenes from an unknown legend. To the left an aged man refting on 256 FiEiile Ivory Cafls. ’71- 53- C ASKET. Indian. 17 th or 1 8 th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 8495. ’63. Length, 1 in., W. 7 in., H. to the top of the cover, in. The body of this rich Indian cafket is formed of fmall deeply-funk panels, feparated by bands carved to imitate mounted gems. The front confifts of fix panels, in the three upper of which are reprefented fantaftically-dreffed females dancing with long talTels dangling from their fhoulders and waifts. The three lower and narrower panels are carved with grotefque lions ; the fame are carved round the whole of the calket. The middle panel in the upper row of the back of the cafket has two females with very long plaited hair, engaged in a fword dance, each armed with two fwords or wands. In the left panel a male figure is kneeling, playing on the tom-tom, whilfl: a female approaches in the right panel. In the upper panels of the fmall ends are reprefented two more dancing females and two youths refting their heads on their ftaves. The front and back parts of the Hoping top are formed into three tranfverfely oval panels ornamented with conventional foliage and grapes, the centre having a large opening lily out of which arifes the bull: of a female. In each of the lateral ovals is a fantaftical hare or other quadruped, the Hoping ends having interlaced branches within which various animals are fporting. Formerly in the Meyrick Colledlion. { 725 ,) B.— STATUETTES AND SEMI-STATUETTES. 12TH-17TH Century. ’58. 72. S MALL Semi-Statuette. German. 12th century. Original in the Colledlion of Rhode Hawkins, Efq. H. 4J in., W. in. A German emperor ftanding in front of a rounded arch refting on fluted columns and flightly foliated capitals. He is bearded and wears a Germanic crown of the period, being a circlet with two hoops special ObjeBs — Statuettes. 257 croffing the top of the head.^ His cloak is faftened on his right fhoulder with a brooch. He holds a fceptre terminating in large leaves in his right hand, and his left is opened. His tunic extends to his knees, and he wears boots higher than the ankles. (726.') ’73. 261. B lock carved in very high relief. Italian ? 12th or 13th century. Original in the Colledtion of Rhode Hawkins, Efq. H. in*. W. 2f in. J A group of four Apoftles with the Virgin Mary. The two foremoft figures (the other three being only very partially feen in the background) are St. Peter, reprefented in an extremely vigorous manner, fheathing his fword (after cutting off the ear of Malchus), and St. Paul \ hold- ing probably a book (now broken off). The features, efpecially of St. Paul, are excellently wrought, and the drapery is arranged in very bold and deep but natural folds. Figured by Scharf, Art Treafures at Manchefter, p. 22 . (727.) ’58- 235. S EMI-STATUETTE, carved in very deep relief. French } 13 th century. Original in the Colledlion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. in. Portion of a group in very deep relief, reprefenting a female holding an infant in her arms, poflibly intended for the Virgin and Child in the fcene of the Prefentation in the Temple, but there are no attributes to diftinguifli them as fuch, whilfl: the infant looking away from the Virgin and another hand round its waifi: fhows that the group originally con- fifted of another perfon to the right aflifting or upholding the child. The attitude and drapery of the female are moft gracefully arranged. (728.) ^ Compare Hefner Trachten-buch, pi. 58, King Rudolf of Suabla. — AlfoWelfs Koftumk, I. p. 535. 36070. R FiBile Ivory Cafts. 258 ’58. 194. S EMI-STATUETTE, forming a devotional tablet or leaf of a Diptych. French. 13th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledion. H. in., W. 3 in. A beautifully executed femi-ftatuette of Chrift Handing within a very deeply-funk panel terminating above in a trefoiled Gothic arch with foliated crockets, and with a row of fmall rofettes along the whole of its inner margin. The figure of Chrifl: is very dignified, and the drapery very excellently arranged in large fimple folds. He is reprefented with long flowing hair and a beard, deftitute of nimbus, feet naked, the left hand holding an open book infcribed in Gothic letters EGO SU DMS DS TUUS IC XPC O^ CREAVI, REDEMI ET SALVABO TE.” The right hand raifed in the adf of benedi6lion, with the firft and fecond fingers alone extended. Figured, Mafkell Cat. iv. pref., p. xc. (729,) ’58- 195- S EMI-STATUETTE, forming a devotional tablet or leaf of a diptych. French. 13th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Colledion. H. 8^ in., W. 3 in. Companion of the laft-defcribed piece, with a very graceful full- length femi-ftatuette of the Virgin Handing, holding the Infant in her left hand and a funflower in her right ; the Child holds a fmall apple, fymbolical of His fovereignty of the earth, in His left hand, and is taking hold of the flower in His mother’s hand with His right hand. (730,) ’58. 252. S TATUETTE of the Virgin and Child. French, 13th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 8-J in. The BlelTed Virgin Handing erecH holding the Infant on her left arm ; her right hand is held open before her. On her head Hie wears a veil hanging down on her ftioulders, encircled round the brow with a xx:. SEMr-STAT"ETrE— THJ^ VIRGIN AND CHILD. 'rhit tci’nth Century. Xo. ’5S 195 (p. 25S.) ■ 262 FiSiile Ivory Cajis, ’58. 45- S EMI-STATUETTE. German. End of 15th century. In the Britifh Mufeum (from the Mafkell Colledlion). H. 5f in., W. 3 in. A very realiftic group of the Virgin and Child, being portions of the fcene of the Adoration of the Kings, carved in very high relief. The Virgin feated, with a cufhion at the back of her head, around which is a gemmed nimbus ; her feet reft on a large wicker bafket, in front of which an afs and ox are lying. Her face is turned towards the right, as is the figure of the Infant, which fhe holds on her knees with both hands j He has a fmall cruciferous nimbus,’’and ftretches forth His hands towards the Magi in the wanting part of the piece. The arrange- ment of the long flowing drapery of the Virgin is boldly difpofed. Figured, Sir D. Wyatt, Notices of Carvings in Ivory, pi. opp. p. 17. Arundel Soc. (xiv. d.) ( 74 /.) ’68. 4, S TATUETTE. Englifh ? 17th century. In the Colledlion. L. 5f in., W. 2^ in. A naked male infant carved in very deep relief lying afleep on a pillow. The tranquil repofe and excellent contour of the childifh body give a great charm to this piece of fculpture.J { 742 .') C.— HEADS OF PASTORAL STAVES. ’58. 137- H ead of a Paftoral Staff. German ? 8th or 9th cen- tury. Original in the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican. Diam. 4 in. This is of a • more Ample charadler than any of the early ftaves figured by Barrault and Martin in “ Le Baton Paftoral,” approaching, however, clofely to that figured by them (p. 48, fig. 52), from the special ObjeBs — Pajioral Staves, 263 archiepifcopal Mufeum at Lyons. The whorl is odlagonal, terminating in the head of an animal moft like that of a fheep, with the mouth open and the tongue flightly protruded, the ears eredf, but on the neck behind the head is the appearance of a mane. On the flat furface of the volute, above the animal’s head, is a fmall fl:ar-like ornament formed of incifed concentric circular lines, with four fmaller ones emitting four fliraight lines (forming a fl:ar, as in the flaff of St. Lizier). This kind of ornament occurs in Roman and Anglo-Saxon work, and may be regarded as a proof of the high antiquity of the object. { 743 .) ’58. 157 bis . H ead of a Paftoral Staff. Italian ? 1 2th century. Original in the Chriflian Mufeum of the Vatican. Diam. in. . The pierced top of a paftoral ftaff, bent round, forming a Angle whorl, terminating in a unicorn’s head and horn, from the mouth of which iffues a triple-leafed twig. Very rude. { 744 .) ’ 68 . EAD of a Paftoral Staff, century. Original in the 4 in. Italian? 12th or 13th — Collection. Diam. The volute of the top is continued in an awkward pierced circular bar, terminating in an open-mouthed dragon’s head, the centre of the whorl being occupied by the Agnus Dei bearing a gemmed crofs on its back. Rudely defigned. (^^^0 ’58. 136. H ead of a Paftoral Staff. Irifh work. ioth-i2th century. Original in the Douce (Meyrick) Collection. H. 6 in., W. 3i in. The top of the ftem and the volute of this ftaff are ornamented with interlaced ribbon patterns, compofed of monftroufly attenuated 264 FiBile Ivory Cajis. animals, one of which has the head extended outwards towards the whorl, feizing the top of a large dragon’s head, with which the volute terminates, having wide open jaws and great teeth, in the mouth of which ftruggles a male bearded figure, with the body greatly bent backwards fo as to form the continuation of the volute ; on the outfide of the top of the ftem and of the volute are a feries of pierced holes, thus, TjlTjl ; the outer bar of the pattern is, however, broken off in fome parts, fo that the top efpecially feems as if crowned with a battle- mented wall. Found in the ruins of the cathedral of Aghadoe, Ireland. Figured, I. O. Weftwood, Min. and Orn. of Anglo-Saxon and Irifh MSS., pi. 53 , fig. I. Malkell, Cat. Ivor., pref., p. Ixxix. {746,) ’73. 2 , 62 ,, T he pierced Head of a Paftoral Staff. Northern work. 13th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Copenhagen. Diam. 5 in. The plain whorl of the top of the ftaff is here continued twice round, and terminates in the centre in a large dragon’s head with open mouth, from which ifliies a tongue of enormous length, knotted in the open fpace beneath the head of the dragon, and terminating in a fecond much fmaller dragon’s head. {747,) ’73. 263, F ront of the Volute of a Bifhop’s Paftoral Staff. Ger- man 13th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Copenhagen. Diam. in. In the midft of well-defigned open cut foliage, with bunches of grapes arifing from the continued whorl of the top, is feated a bifhop in a low conical mitre, holding his paftoral ftaff in his left hand, his right hand raifed to his breaft in the acft of benedi61:ion, with the firft and fecond fingers extended, the palm being towards the fpedlator. (748,) special ObjeSis — Pajioral Staves. 265 ’ 73 . 264 . B ack of the Volute of a Bifhop’s Paftoral Staff. German ^ 13th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Copenhagen. Diam. 4^ in. Back of the laft-defcribed piece. The foliage is here extended at the back of the figure of the bifhop, terminating in a bold leaf behind his head. (749.) ’ 73 . 265 . ^ H ead of a Bifliop’s Paftoral Staff. Englifh ? 1 2th or 13th century. Original in the Afhmolean Mu- feum, Oxford. Diam. 5^ in. The volute terminates in the well-defigned head of a dragon with widely open mouth; within the open centre is a lamb with a ftraight horn, the head turned back regarding the mouth of the dragon ; the right leg bent back to fupport the ftem of a crofs which rifes out of its back, the arms of which terminate in fmall diamonds. On one fide of the lamb is fixed a fmall metal figure of a faint holding a fhort fword and a filagree metal ornament furrounds the head of the dragon and outfide of the volute. Very fimilar to the paftoral ftaff at St. Marie, Namur, (Bar- rault and Martin, Le Baton Paftorale, p. 55 , f. 59 ). Figured by Scharf, in Art Treafures at Manchefter, p. 18 . (750.) ’73. 266. H ead of a Paftoral Staff. French. 14th century. Ori- ginal in the Collection of A. Beresford Hope, Efq. H. 10 in., Diam. 4-I in. The upper part of the handle of this ftaff contains reprefentations of the Annunciation of the Virgin (on whofe head the Holy Dove defcends, a pot with a lily ftanding between her and the archangel), and of the Virgin crowned, holding the Infant on her left arm, beneath a Gothic arch with crocketed pinnacles, an angel on either fide holding a candle- ftick and long taper beneath a fmaller arch. Within the whorl itfelf, which is decorated with foliage, are feated ftatuettes of Chrift and 266 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. the Virgin, on whofe head an angel places a crown, and who raifes her joined hands in prayer towards the Saviour, whofe right hand is raifed towards her in benediction. The defign is excellent, and the draperies fall in wide and bold folds. On the outfide of the whorl is a feries of Gothic leaves of ivory. (7^^ •) ’73. ^67, j^68. T he two fides of the Volute of a Bifhop’s Paftoral Staff. French ? 14th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Hildefheim. H. 5 in., W^. 4 in. One fide, the Crucifixion. The Saviour dead on the crofs, the head refting on His right fhoulder ; no nimbus, the head furrounded by a band (of thorns ?), the arms, body and legs much bent, draped from the loins to below the knees, the feet crofTed, the Virgin and St. John ftanding on either fide, the former to the left turning away from the crofs, with her hands clafped before her, St. John alfo turning his face away weeping. Much freedom in the defign of thefe figures, of which the draperies are well arranged. The other fide. In the centre a very graceful figure of the Virgin flands ereCl, crowned, holding the Infant on her left arm, the right hand broken off. On either fide ftands a partially mutilated figure, evidently intended for an angel, but without wings. {752^ 753.) D.— SITUL^. ’54. H oly Water VefTel or Situla. Italian. loth century. Original in the Treafury of the Duomo of Milan. H. 7 in., diam. at top, 5 in., at bottom, 3f in. A circular veffel, on the outfide of which is carved an arcade of five rounded arches, refting on rounded cylindrical columns with foliated capitals and fquare bafes, the fpandrils of the arches filled in with caftellated architedlure (the heavenly Jerufalem). Beneath thefe arches are feated the four Evangelifts and the Virgin with the Infant on her lap, and two female attendants. On the face of the arch with the Virgin is infcribed VIRGO * FOVET * NATU • special ObjeEis — Situlce. 267 GENETRICE • NUTRIT • IPSE : The Evangelifts are engaged in writing their Gofpels under the infpiration of their winged fymbols ; they ufe ftyles for writing, and their books reft on writing delks which fcrew up and down ; they are all alike, old and bearded, and fit fideways. St. Matthew writes, XFl GENER ; St. Mark, VOX CLAMA IN DES(erto) ; St. Luke, FUIT IN DIEB(us), and St. John, IN PRINCIPIO ER VERB(um). Over their heads are infcribed, OR GERENS HOMINIS MATHEUS TERRESTRIA NARRAT^ ORE BOVIS LUCAS DIVINU DOGMA REMUGIT.— XPI DICTA FREMIT MARCUS SUB FRONTE LEOI^.— CEL- SA PETENS AQLE VULTU GERIT ASTRA lOHS. Above the arches is a band of ornamental foliage, and round the rim is infcribed, + VATES AMBROSI ^TFREDUS DAT TIBI S“CE _ _ VAS VENIENTE SACRA SPARGENDU CESARE LYPHA. The letters are very much conjoined, thus in the word MATHEUS the fecond ftroke of the A forms the down ftroke of the T and the firft ftroke of the H, the fecond ftroke of which is formed by the down ftroke of the E. Gotfredus was the archbiftiop of Milan from 973 to 978, the Caefar being probably Otho 11 .^ Figured, Gorius, Thes. Dipt., III., App. pi. 26 ; S. d’Agincourt, Sculpt., tab. XIL, figs. 22, 23 ; Mitth. d. k. k. Central. Commifs., V. pi. 4. A bad modern copy of this fitula has recently been offered for fale in this country. (^^^0 ’73. 2.6g. ITULA. German. loth- 12th century. Original in the Treafury of the Dom of Aix-la-Chapelle. H. 7 in., diam. at top, 4J in. This veffel is divided into two portions by a central band decorated with precious ftones, as are alfo fimilar bands at the foot and near the top of the piece, each portion forming eight compartments, feparated from each other by plain columns with rich capitals, curtains hanging from the fquare tops looped in the antique manner round each column. Between thefe columns are feated an emperor holding a fceptre and globe, and two ecclefiaftics, with four ftanding biftiops and an arch- bilhop wearing the pallium, all holding paftoral ftaves. In the lower row ^ There was another archbifhop of Milan of the fame name in 1073. 268 FiBile Ivory Cajis. are eight warriors clad in armour, with large oval fhields and long fpears, each {landing before the partially opened doors of a building, of which the upper portions are feen above the doors. Two large heads fupport the handle, and there is a richly chafed metallic top rim half an inch wide with ornamental groups of men, birds, and beafls. It has been fuppofed that this vefTel reprefents a council. Didron calls it the fitula of the Emperor Charlemagne. Figured, Auf’m Weerth, Kunft Denkm. d. Rheinland., pi. 33 ; Didron, Annales Archeol., vol. xix. p. 78 and 103 , and vol. xxvi. p. 54 . The call is not a fatisfadlory one, but feparate calls of fix of the detached figures have been obtained, defcribed below. (755?) ’58. 156. F ive detached Plaques with figures and one of the heads forming the handle of the Situla of the Dom of Aix- la-Chapelle. loth-iath century. I. A crowned emperor feated, holding aloft his fceptre and globe marked with a crofs. 2 . A warrior clad in ringed mail with a cir- cular fhield and long fpear {landing at the open doors of a callle. 3 . A fecond warrior fimilarly armed. 4 . An archbilhop Handing eredl, wearing the pallium with a book in his left hand and his palloral llafF in his right hand between two columns with richly ornamented capitals with curtains looped at the fides in the antique manner. 5 . An eccle- fiallic feated between fimilarly draped columns with his right hand elevated in benedidlion. The figures are excellently defigned in very deep relief. 6 . One of the heads forming the handle (i|- inch fquare) with curling hair and beard, and twilled muftachios, carved in very high relief with great boldnefs. (756-761?) ’58. 180. S ITULA. German. nth century. Original in the Colledlion of Mr. Attenborough. H. in., diam. at top, 5 in., at bottom, 4^^ in. This curious velTel appears to me to have been executed by the fame hand as (or to have been partially copied from) the Milan diptych, ante Nos. 120 and 121^ fome of the fubjedls being nearly identical in defign as well as in the excellent ftyle of execution. There are two rows of fubjedls reprefenting the PalTion of Our Lord, feparated special ObjeEis — Situ Ice. 269 by a narrow band with infcriptions, of which alfo there is another band at the foot and one round the rim of the fitula. The fub- jedls in the upper row are : i. Chrift wafhing the feet of the difciples (exa6lly as in the Milan piece), infcribed “ DISIPULIS NAM SPONTE LAVIT VESTIGIA CUNCTIS.’’ 2. The kifs of Judas and feizure of Chrift, ‘‘ ARGENTO (PAR)VO WMV ' CECATUS MUNERE JUDAS.” At the fide is feen Judas re- ceiving the 30 pieces of filver from the chief prieft. 3. The Crucifixion of Chrift with the two thieves, whofe arms are thrown back over the crofs- bars of their crolTes ; over the arms of Chrift are bufts of two angels and two fmall crouching figures of Sol and Luna, and at the fides of the crofs the fpear and fponge bearers (the latter holding a fac-fimile of the fitula itfelf), with the Virgin and St. John, infcribed PENITUIT POSTOUAM LAQUEO SUSPENDITUR ALTO.” 4. Pilale wafhing his hands as in the Milan piece. 5. Judas bringing back the money which is refufed, and (6) hanging himfelf. 7. The foldiers guarding the Sepulchre ; thefe three fubjecfts being alfo as in the Milan piece, and infcribed HAUT POTERANT SERVARE DEUM CUI CUNCTA 2 PATESCUNT. The fubjedls in the lower row are : 8. The two Maries vifiting the Sepulchre (here apparently a grave cut out of a rock, and quite unlike the Sepulchre in Scene 7), at each end of which is an angel feated, with their feet refting on the backs of the two proftrate foldiers guarding the Sepulchre (a treatment I have nowhere elfe met with), infcribed + VIRGO PARENS ALIEO : SIMUL CtJ MUNERE MATRES. ^AD TUMULU TENmJNT VACUU JAM CORPORE TANTO. 9. Chrift with a cruciferous nimbus and furrounded by a large oval aureola partially hidden, fupported by angels, holding a gemmed crofs over His left fhoulder, drawing an aged man and woman (Adam and Eve) out of the power of the devil, whofe arms are feized by an angel, and who is tearing his hair frantically (a remarkable treatment of the fubjea), infcribed PROTINUS INEERNE PENETRAVIT LIMINA SEDIS. 10. Chrift appearing to the two women kneeling before Him. Ii. Chrift ftanding within a circular building with up- 1 The conjoined marks preceding the word CECATVS, refembling the letters WMV joined together, interfere with the rhythm of the verfe, and have been confidered as the numeral V (5) repeated in the ordinary pofition and upfide down fo as to make up the 30 pieces of filver. 2 In thefe infcriptions we have the letters conjoined in the fame arbitrary manner as in the Milan fitula, thus in this word CUNCTA, the third ftroke of the N is curved and forms the fecond C, and the firft ftroke of the A forms the down ftroke of the T. 270 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. raifed hands bleffing His difciples ftanding on either fide of him (quite unlike the Milan piece), infcribed MISTICA TURBA VIDET MANIFESTO NOMINE IHM. 12. The incredulity of St.Thomas, treated in a much nobler manner than in the Milan diptych, infcribed THOME NUDANTUR PALPARI MEMBRA FORATA. Round the bottom of the veffel is infcribed in larger capitals — + AUXIT EZECHIE TER ^NOS QT PATER ANNOS + OTONI AUGUSTO PLURIMA LUSTRA LEGAT: CERNUUS ARTE CUPIT MEMORARI CESAR AEPTESKI The Otho Auguftus, in whofe honour the velfel was made, has been confidered to be the third emperor of that name, born in 980, who was crowned at Aix-la-Chapelle when three years old, and who died in Italy in A.D. 1002 ; the velfel is confequently fuppofed to have been made by or by the orders of the celebrated Biftiop Bernward, of Hildefheim, who was his tutor, and who is alluded to in the word Aliptes, which in the old glolfaries fignifies a teacher, an anointer, a healer of wounds, and alfo a fculptor ; the final letters KI have been interpreted, Kariflimi Im- peratoris, Kalendis Januarii (fuppofing the fitula to have been a new year’s gift to the Emperor) and alfo Kancellarius Imperialis. Dr. Waagen, however, with much judgment, objedled to the attribution of this work to Bernward, fince in artiftic conception and execution it ftands much higher than the known works of that biftiop. Many of the Latin verfes on the infcription occur in the hymns of Sedulius. On the rim are two large faces fculptured, to which the handle of the fitula was affixed. Figured, Forfl:er, Denkmale Deutfch. Kiinft:, vol. x. (2 plates) ; Scharf, in ArtTreafures at Mancheller, p. 13 ; and fee detailed account by Kantzeler “ Eine Kunft Reliquie des zehnten jahrhunderts Aachen, S. A. ; and I. O. Weflwood in Literary Gazette, 14th February 1857. { 762 .) A fourth ivory fitula is preferved in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Lyons, mentioned by M. Didron in his article on thefe objedls (Annales Arch., vol. xvii. p. 141), et qui appartiendrait a Part Italien, f’il etait authentique.” special ObjeSis — Pyxes. 271 E.— PYXES. ’65- 131- C ylindrical Pyx. Claflical. ifl:-4th century. Ori- ginal in the Mufeum of Zurich. H. diam. 4f in. On one fide Venus feated, naked, difplaying her long ringlets to Adonis, in order to difliiade him from going hunting, and who is feated near, hut half turned away from her j Cupid (landing on a large vafe, ftretches out a wreath to crown the goddefs ; Adonis, with fpear in hand, is attended by a page holding his horfe. On the other fide, three nymphs holding wine cups, two of them alfo holding a large wreath between them, a fourth female blowing a horn. Several bafkets of fruit are placed near them. (763.) ’65. 139. YLINDRICAL ginal in Pyx. Claflical. 3rd-4th century Ori' - Collection. H. 4J in., diam. 4^ in. Beneath a low pointed arch, ornamented with the oval Greek fret, are feated a crowned male figure, partially draped, his left foot refting on a panther. At his fide is a feated female figure, two eagles above the fides of the arch ; the youthful Bacchus, holding a torch and round fhield, (landing in a car drawn by two panthers, and four large figures (one a centaur) killing feveral prifoners. {764.) ’S8. 18. C ylindrical Pyx. ClalTical. 3rd-4th century. Ori- ginal in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Sens. H. 3J in., diam. 4.^ in. A fine feries of figures reprefenting combats between men and lions and lionelTes. One man on horfeback, armed with a (hort fword, with which he has killed a falling lionefs, galloping on horfeback purfued by a lion. Another man, armed with bow and arrow, is defending a fallen companion from two lions. A third man is thruding a long fpear in the heart of a rampant lion. Bold workman(hip, quite in the (lyle of the early farcophagi. Arundel Society (vi. 6). (765.) 272 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. ’65. 130. C ylindrical Pyx. Claffical. 3rd-4th century. Ori- ginal in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Xanten near Cleves. H. in., diam. 4f in. Claflical fcenes from the life of Achilles. In one he is reprefented playing on the lyre with a plectrum, a graceful female leaning on his right fhoulder ; an attendant offering a gift. In another he is clad in a long robe, armed with a fpear and large fliield, fiercely attacking a foldier, alfo bearing a large fhield ; another blowing a long ftraight horn, the three Fates intervene, one holding the thread of life and another a child in her outftretched arms ; an eagle feated with open wings beneath the lock. Figured, Auf’mWeerth, Denkm. Rheinland, pi. 17, Fig. i ; Bock in Heider Mittelalt. Kunft Denkm. ii. p. 130. { 766 .) ’58. 2 , 61 . C ylindrical Pyx. Italian. 4th or 5th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. ii.) H. 5 in., diam. 5^ in. In the centre is reprefented the Saviour, young and beardlefs, with- out a nimbus, feated on a throne with a rounded top, upon a large cufhion, holding a fcroll in His left hand. His right hand raffed in benedi6lion with the firft and fccond fingers extended. At his fides are feated, upon curule chairs, St. Paul holding a fcroll and St. Peter holding a long ftaff, the ten other Apoftles {landing. Of thefe the youthful St. John holding a fcroll, and the aged bearded apoflle {landing next to him are exquifitely defigned ; as is alfo the adjoining group of Abraham about to facrifice the infant Ifaac, but interrupted by an angel and the hand of of God defcending from above. A ram {landing beneath completes this group. The elegant proportions and pofe of thefe various figures, and the admirably-arranged draperies, render this pyx one of the moft important monuments of early Chriftian art. The moft beautiful fpecimen of a detached object in ivory I have ever feen is the early and very remarkable round box in the Berlin Mufeum, executed with all the life and fpirit of a fine farcophagus of the fourth century.” — Sir D. Wyatt, Notice of Ivories, p. 10. “ Dies werk, eln unicum in felner art, ill. — Herr Burchard (affelTor at Coblenz) erzahlte mir, dafs er es bei einem Bauern in einem Dorfe X X I L "^r %,;>w: .1 r% .^:. ' \:^/v -> 1 ^ • - . "*.^1 ' . t* * ■ ^^e-'.- ft "ivl^i^l S' ,'f • ^50W ^ S;V ■ ^- ' - ■ ■ ■• • ■ ■ 5 i •*: y» C:^ *'«?'iiTT.j r* m ,K^- . -■ ;‘lj^ 273 Special OhjeSis — Pyxes. ■ auf der Mofel gefunden und dafs es dort als Fufs eines, mit dem unteren Stammende hineingefteckten Crucifixes gedient habe.” — Kugler, Kl. Schrift, 2, 329 note. {767.) 73. 270. P ORTION of a Cylindrical Box. Italian. 4th-6th cen- tury. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 181.) W. 2|- in., H. 3^ in. Four Handing male figures, which appear to reprefent Jofeph, as a child, having been drawn out of the well, being fold by two of his brethren, clad in fhort tunics (between whom he is Handing) to an Egyptian in a flat cap. Very rude but deeply-carved workmanfliip. (768.) 73 * ^71- C ylindrical Pyx. Italian. 4th-6th century. Ori- ginal in the SacriHy of the Duomo of Milan. H. 3 in., diam. 4^ in. Jonah caH out of a two-oared boat, with a large fail, to a monHrous fea animal with long ears, furrounded by fiflies and guided by a floating angel bearing a crofs. On the other fide, Jonah lying under the gourd upon the back of the fea monHer, guarded by the angel, who here holds a rolled up fcroll. In the Hyle of the ruder farcophagi. Figured, Gorius, Thes. Diptych, IV., pi. 24. fig. fuper. (769.) 58. 181. C ylindrical Pyx. Italian. 5th-6th century. Ori- ginal in the ChriHian Mufeum of the Vatican. H. in., diam. 4! in. The miracle of ChriH raifing Lazarus, whofe body is fwathed like an Egyptian mummy, with the face uncovered. Handing erecH in the doorway of the tomb (like a watch-box) ; ChriH Hretches towards him 30670. s FiSiile Ivory Cajis. 274 His hand holding a fmall crofs ; a female figure behind feizes hold of His cloak. 2. Chrift, holding a crofs, healing the blind man, leaning on a ftaff, by touching his eyes with His fingers. 3. The paralytic cured, carrying his bed on his back. On the key-plate is engraved the monogram of Chrift, formed of the letters XP conjoined. A pyx, either identical with the prefent or exactly refembling it, is figured by Gorius, Thes. Diptych, IV., pi. 24, fig. infer., as preferved in the facrifty of Milan Cathedral ; the only noticeable difference is, that in this figure the key-plate is quite plain. D’Agincourt, Sculpt., pi. xii. fig. 4, has copied the figures of this and the pyx. No. 769^ from Gorius, ftating them to be portions of one and the fame object. {770») ’58. 18^. C ylindrical Pyx. Italian. 6th-8th century. Ori- ginal in the colledlion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 3^ in., diam. 4 in. Chrift, young and beardlefs, without a nimbus, holding a fmall crofs in His left hand, with the right hand raifed in benedi61:ion (the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers extended), is approached by the Demoniac, half clothed, from a building, the doors of which are clofed and bolted. On the other fide Chrift, young and beardlefs, with His right hand raifed in benedi61:ion (the firft and fecond fingers only extended) ftanding between two Apoftles, the elder of whom has his right hand alfo raifed in benedidlion in the manner of the Eaftern Church. The former fcene is figured by Mr. George Scharf in his Hiftoric Notes of Sculpture at the Manchefter Exhibition of 1857, mode of benedi61:ion is incorredlly reprefented. {77i.) 7S - 3 ^ 5 - C YLINDICAL Pyx. St. Mennas. Italian. 6th-9th cen- tury. Original in the colledlion of Alexander Nefbitt, Efq. H. 3 in., diam. 5 in. In front, St. Mennas, young, and clad in a long mantle marked on the breaft with the lati-clavus. Hands with both hands raifed (like one of the Orantes of the catacombs) under a rounded arch refting upon twifted columns. On either fide is feated a camel, of which only the front part is special ObjeSis— Pyxes 275 vifible. To the right ftand two male figures, and to the left two females approach towards the faint. At the back is feated a ruler holding a fceptre (with two attendants, one with a long fpear and large round fhield, and the other with a book) and giving diredfions for the decapi- tation of the faint who kneels before him, and whofe hair is feized by an attendant holding an uplifted fword. An angel, with the arms out- ftretched, holding a napkin, flies above the faint ready to receive the head when cut off. A memoir on this pyx was read by Mr. Nefbitt in 1872 before the Society of Antiquaries of London, {77ia.) See alfo the fi(Stile Byzantine ivory of St. Mennas, defcribed above, p. 70, No. /5P. ’73. ^7^. C ylindrical Pyx. German I0th-I2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 47.) H. 2 in., diam. 3 in. A circular box of ivory, quite plain, the top and bottom edges with a thin beaded rim. In the middle of the cover is a round conical piece (having a fmall ring at top) fluted into fix divifions. The metal hinges at the front and back are of ornamental metal work. (772.) ’73- 443- C ylindrical Pyx. German. Iith-I2th century. Original in the National Mufeum of Bavaria (Kreittmayr Anzeige, No. 43). H. 3-I in., diam. 4^ in. This piece appears to have been originally a portion of an oliphant, fubfequently converted into a pyx, with the addition of two gilt bronze bands, on the upper of which is infcribed, FVDIT . AQVAM . TEMPLI . PARS . DEXTERA . FORMA . FUTURI . XPI . PARS . DEXTERA . FUDIT . EXPRIMIT . HOC . QUOD . AQUAM . ; and round the bottom, DEXTERA . PARS . XPI . M . E . AQUA , ^ . EJUS . OMNIS . AB . HAC . INFUSUS . ^QUA . SALVATUR . IN . IPSA . The body of the piece is ornamented with a flag hunt, with a hunts- man blowing a gigantic oliphant, and two very large dogs among trees of a mofl: conventional charafter ; two men, feparated by a flender column with foliated bafe and capital, are fighting, armed with clubs 276 FiEiile Ivory Cajts. and long triangular fhields , and two rampant lions face each other amidft trees. A rim below the fculpture is ornamented with a flowing arabefque of foliage. {772a.) F.— PAXES. ’ 73 - ^ 73 - AX. German ? Rheno-Byzantine } 1 2th century X Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin Mufeum. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 98.) H. 7 in., W. 4f in. The decapitation and burial of St. John the Baptifl. Herod is repre- fented as a crowned king feated on a throne at the top of a flight of five fteps ; he wears the pallium and a maniple on his left wrift, his open right hand raifed upwards. By his fide ftands Herodias in a long gown. To the left, beneath a pointed arch, refling on twifled lateral columns, flands the Baptifl in his fhaggy coat, holding the bafin, into which his head has fallen, the blood gufhing out from the neck ; behind flands the executioner draped as a Roman foldier, fheathing his fword. On the bottom flep flands Salome, with bare neck, and with tight fleeves with very long hanging cuffs bound with fur, prefenting the head of the Baptifl in a falver to Herod. To the right, under a rounded arch, flands a bearded priefl in the drefs of a Greek bifhop, without a mitre, his veflment embroidered with Greek croffes ; by his fide flands a monk with a rope round his waifl and head tonfured, holding a cenfer, and in front the headlefs but flill bleeding corpfe of the Baptifl is placed in the tomb by an aged attendant. Can this poflibly be genuine ? The curved handle at the back of this piece has the front ornamented with rofettes and animals. Figured, Hefner, Trachten des Chrifll. Mittelalt., div. i, pi. 95. {773.) ’ 73 - ^ 74 * P AX. French. 15th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 247.^67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 95.) H. 5i in., W. in. The Saviour, with the upper part of His body naked, is flanding beneath a pointed arch in an open fepulchre, with His arms croffed 277 Special ObjeSis — Paxes. before Him. Behind at the fides ftand the Virgin, fupporting our Lord, and a faint, probably St. John. On the front of the tomb is infcribed in Gothic letters, ‘‘ Hiimylitas vincit.’’ Poor coarfe work. {774.) ^ 73 ' ^ 75 - P AX. German. Late i6th century. Original in the Kurifl: Kammer, Berlin Mufeum. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 97.) H. 4I in., W. 3^ in. Beneath a flattened trefoil arch, fupported upon lateral columns, with flightly ornamented bafes and capitals, is reprefented the Annuncia-r tion, the archangel approaching, with the Holy Dove above, from the right, holding a fceptre in his left hand and a fcroll in his right, on which is infcribed AVE GRACIA PLENA D T (Dominus tecum). The Virgin is kneeling to the left at a footftool, turning over the leaves of a book, with long flowing hair, and clad in a long cloak. {775.) ’54. 83. P AX. German.^ 17th century. Original in the Mayer Colledlion, Liverpool Mufeum. H. 5^ in., W. in. Beneath a flattened ogee trefoiled arch refting upon fide columns, with flightly ornamented capitals and bafes, the Virgin Mary is feated at the foot of the crofs on the ground amongfl: bones, holding the dead body of her Son on her knees, refting on her long cloak or veil ; the titulus is infcribed INRI, and at the bottom is the fentence, DA * PACEM • DNE • IN • DIEBVS • NOSTRIS • The original ivory handle at the back of the pax ftill remains in fitu. {776.) G.— HORNS. ’70. 26 . H orn. German? 9th- nth century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Prague. L. 21 in. This horn is furrounded by four wide bands of figures, feparated from each other by narrow ornamental bands. In the firfl: broad band 278 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. are five circles, containing : i, a man armed \vith a round ftiield and fhort fword, combatting with a bear j 2, a winged lion s 3, a large well- defigned ornamental flower ; 4, a griffin attacking a deer ; 5, a bird fitting amongfl: foliage. In the fecond band is a race between two quadrigae, the drivers Handing upright in their cars, with foliage. In the third band-* a fimilar race with two quadrigae, a dog feizing a hare beneath one fet of the horfes, and a lionefs attacking a deer beneath the other horfes. In the fourth band four circles, in which are a centaur armed with Tpear and fhield attacking a man on foot armed with fword and fhield, a lion, and a winged monfter with a human head. The workmanfhip of this horn is tolerably well defigned, but rudely executed. Figured, Bock in Heider Mittelalt. Denkm. 2, pi. 25, and p. 135 ; and Lubke’s Grundrifs der Kunftgefchichte, 1864, p. 349. ( 777 ,) ’70. 55. H orn. German. 9th-ioth century. Original in the Welfen Colledtion, Hanover. L. 20J in. • This horn has three bands of ornament, and the wide end is carved with various very rude figures. A man armed with a fword galloping on horfeback up a hill, a horfe coming out of the door of a building, alfo going up-hill, and conventional trees. Below this is a band of vine leaves and grapes fpringing from a flowing branch. Below the middle of the horn is a band with the very peculiar claffical ornament of which an example occurs on the middle of the Hem of the Kirk Michael crofs (Cummin’s Runic Remains of the Ifle of Man, pi. i, fig. i), and below this is a third band of curioufly-interlaced ribbon work. ( 778 .) J ORN. German. ’73. 376. loth century. Original L. in. I received this cafl: from Cologne with the flatement that it was a caft from the horn of Charlemagne, preferved in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle, of which I made a rubbing ; ^ it differs, however, from that horn in the figures round the wide mouth of the horn. Both horns are plain, except this row of figures, which in ^ Figured by Aufm Weerth, Kunft Denkm. d. Rheinland,, pi. 33. Special ObjeBs — Horns. 279 the caft of the horn before me confifts of feveral naked men, one of whom holds a bird in one hand ; another carries a deer on his fhoulders, and there are two lions, two winged beafts, and two flags. Below thefe is a band of foliage arihng from an undulating branch, of which there is alfo another band clofe to the (lender end of the horn. Four bands of metal fimilarly ornamented furround the horn. ( 779 .) ’58. z66. ENURE Horn. Original German ? Oriental ? L. i6iin. 1 2th century ? The fmall end (with the mouthpiece) is furrounded in its middle part by a band inches wide, in which are carved three circles knotted together at their junctions, in which are reprefented rude figures of a hare, an ibex, and another like a lion ; the broad end is furrounded by a circular rim, half an inch wide, in which is a foliated arabefque. The centre part is entirely occupied with circles formed of flender branches knotted together and flightly foliated, each circle about inches in diameter, each enclofing a figure of fome bird or beafl, amongfl which the lion, hare, ibex, pheafant, cock, parrot, &c., are to be noticed. The fmall end has a rim enclofing an [undulating branch with foliage. The broad end has a fimilar rim and a broad border, with feven fimilar animals in circles of the fame kind. (Three portions, 780 - 782 .) ’58. 187. H unting century Horn. German } Original ? Scandinavian } L. 17 in. 1 2th The flender end containing the mouthpiece is ornamented in its narrow part with two monflrous winged animals, whilfl in the wider part is a rim of foliage arifing from an undulating branch. The centre part has a foliated band at top and bottom, between which extend fix longitudinal divifions, in each of which are reprefenta- tions of various animals and birds, a man on one knee armed with a round fhield throwing a dart againfl a lion who rufhes towards him, a winged lion attacking a deer, a lion chafing a hare, a peacock and pea- hen, two dogs chafing a wild boar, and various other birds and animals, fome monflrous. The broad end has two fimilar lions, between which is a band two inches wide, in which are figured an elephant, ibex, buffalo, and two other animals. (Three portions, 783 - 785 .) 28 o FiEtile Ivory Cajis. H orn. Scandinavian? 13 th century ? Original in the colledlion of the Fiirft von Hohenzollern Sigmaringen. (Berlin, Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 44.) L. 28 in. This horn is divided by bands into fix divifions. The one next the mouth-piece is filled with fleurs-de-lys ; in the lecond two bears (?) climbing a pole, and an elephant, infcribed “ Fyllin f ’ in the third, the Temptation ; Eve receiving the apple from the ferpent, and “ Samfon ” cam’ing off the gates of Gaza ; in the fourth, the murder of Cain, and Abfolom caught in a tree by his hair and transfixed with a fpear by Joab on horfeback (2 Samuel, xviii. v. 14 ) ; in the fifth, a lion and a man facing each other, infcribed “ lieo contra Samfon,” and two men carr}’ing a large veffel flung from a pole on their fhoulders ; in the fixth David crowned, holding a fling loaded with a ftone in each hand, that in the right hand raifed and about to be difcharged againfl: the giant “ Goliat K,” and a naked female figure (landing on a globe infcribed LVKA, holding a long ftreamer in both her hands. {786.) ’ 73 - H orn. German. 13th century ? Original in the Stadt Mufeum of Stralfund. (Berlin, Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 43.) L. 18 in. On one fide are rudely-reprefented flags hunted by dogs and by a huntfman with a fpear blowing a horn, feparated by various ornamental crofs bands. On the other fide are feveral very tame battles between lions and men, one of the latter being a king with crown on his head, on horfeback, hurling a fpear. On the back of the horn is a very good figure of a crocodile and a large Maltefe crofs. The mouth-piece confifls of a monflrous animal’s head. (787.) T 2 in. 73 - ^ 79 - ENURE Horn. German ? 14th century. Original in Colledlion. L. 20 in., W. at the broadeft end. In the centre of this horn on each fide is a large plain fhield, and on the back is a fhield bearing a crowned lion grafping an axe. The special ObjeBs — Horns. 281 fides of the narrow portion are ornamented with well-defigned flowing foliated patterns, and the broader portion on one fide, with four monfliers placed in elongated triangular compartments, whilfl: on the other fide are five fuch beafts under ornamented arches. [ 788 .) ’73. 2 ,^ 0 . H orn. German. 15th century. Original in the Vereins-Sammlung of Kiel. (Berlin, Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 15.) L. 1 in. Around the wide end are five interlacing circles, in which are rudely carved in low relief a biftiop feated, holding his paftoral flraff, his right hand raifed in benediction, a king holding a battle-axe, a monftrous beaft, bulls of two lovers killing, and foliage, with a band about an inch wide preceding and another behind the circles containing an infcription in debafed black letter capitals. Half-way towards the mouth-piece is a broad band of knotted ribbons, and the mouth-piece is fimilarly ornamented. [ 789 .) 57. 16. H orn. Italian. i6th century. Original in the collec- tion of A. Fountaine, F.fq. Curved into a femicircle 15 inches in diameter. This flender and elegant horn is ornamented with delicate ara- befques of flender wreaths, flowers, heads, cherubs, &c. in relief, and with two gilt metal mounts with rings for fufpenfion. [ 790 .) H.— CHESSMEN. ’73. 281. C ircular Chelfman. Anglo-Saxon. 6th-ioth cen- tury. Original in the collecflion of the late Rev. Dr. Wilfon. H. in., diam. i J in. a 282 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. A circular piece with the top rounded, and an ‘ angular piece jutting out on one fide at the top. Ornamented with fcored lines radiating from the top, and with fmall circles generally arranged in threes, forming triangles, each circle with a dot in the middle. Round the bottom edge is a border formed of crolfed diagonal lines forming fmall lozenges. Found within an Anglo-Saxon entombment at Beckley, Oxon. { 79 i.) ’73- 382. O VAL Cheffman. Anglo-Saxon. 6th-ioth century. Original in the colledlion of the late Rev. Dr. Wilfon. H. if in., W. I J in. An oval piece of ivory with a deep triangular incifion at the top. Each fide and each end of the piece and each fide of the incifion is marked with two concentric circles, with a dot in the middle. The fides and bottom are alfo marked with ftraight fcored lines. Found with the preceding. A. Way, Journ. Arch. Inft., vol. 3, p. 121, and vol. 6, p. 172. { 792 .) ’58. 178. C HESSMAN from Kirkftall Abbey. Englifh. nth century. Original in the colledtion of Mr. Dixon. H. in., W. 2i in. An oval-fliaped block of ivory, truncated above, one half being cut down, leaving that part of the block inches high, the other half being 2 inches high, with a narrow tranfverfe ridge ^ inch high. The fdes of the lower half form two funk panels feparated by ornamented raifed margins, in each of which panels is reprefented a man and woman riding on a goat, the woman fitting fideways. The fides of the taller half alfo form two funk panels, furrounded by raifed ornamented borders, each containing a winged monftrous griffin attacking an ox j the flat upper furface of the lower half has the figure of an animal in a funk femi- circular panel, and the taller half has its flattened upper furface carved on each fide with a fifh with a human head. Figured in Journ. Arch. Infl:., vol. vi. p. 170. ( 793 .) special ObjeBs — Chejfmen. 283 ’73. 283 atid ’73. 478. C HESS Piece. German. ioth-i2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 26.) H. 3I in., W. 3^ in. A queen feated on a wide and richly-ornamented chair with a round- topped back, carved round the upper edge behind with a foliated pattern. She wears a low circlet round her head, ornamented with fmall raifed circles and with a very large round difc over each ear ; her gown is very large, reaching to the chin, with very long hanging fleeves ; her left hand rells on her knees ; her right hand holds her drefs on her breaft. { 794 ,) ’73. 284. C HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- i2th century. Original in the Britilh Mufeum. H. 4 in., W. 2|- in. A king, with long ftraight beard, crowned, feated, holding a fword in its fheath acrofs his knees. His hair is long, and hangs down his back in four folds. The back of the feat is ornamented with a foliated arabefque and a dragon with a foliated tail. Figured, Sir F. Madden, Archaeologia, vol. xxiv. pi. xlvi. fig. i, 2. { 795 ,) ’73- 285. C HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- I2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 4 in., W. 2-^ in. A king without a beard, crowned, feated, holding a fword in its fcabbard acrofs his knees, his hair in four plaits hanging down his back ; the top of his chair terminates at each fide in dogs’ heads, and the back is ornamented with an elegant foliated arabefque. Figured in the Archaeologia, vol. xxiv. pi. xlix. fig. ii, and Maflcell Cat. of Ivories, preface, p. Ixxii. { 796 .) 284 FiSiile Ivory Cajls, ’73. 286. HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- 1 2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 3f in., W. 2 in. A queen crowned, feated, holding a horn in her left hand, and reft- ing her cheek on her right hand. The chair terminates at top in dogs’ heads, from the mouths of which extend a foliated arabefque. Figured, Sir F. Madden, Archaeologia, xxiv. pi. xlvi. figs. 3 and 4. ( 797 .) ’73. 287. HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, nth- 1 2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. jf in., W. if in. A queen feated, her right hand raifed and refting againft her right cheek, the elbow refting on the left hand. She wears a large veil, as in the laft piece, but her cloak is thrown over the ornamented back of her chair, as reprefented in the Archaeologia, pi. xlix. fig. 9. ( 798 .) HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- 1 2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 3f in., W. 2 in. A biftiop feated, with a low mitre, the infulae hanging down the back, wearing a chafuble of the ancient form, holding a paftoral ftaff" terminating in a fmall volute in his left hand ; his right hand raifed in benedi6fion, with the thumb and firft and fecond fingers extended. The back of the chafuble is marked with a crofs formed of double lines within a lozenge. The back of the chair forms an elegant foliated fcroll pattern. Figured, Sir F. Madden, op. cit., pi. xlvii. figs, i and 2. ( 799 .) special OhjeSis — Cheffmen. 285 ’73. 389. C HESS Piece. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- I2th century. Original .in the Britiih Mufeum. H. 3|in. A bifhop ftanding with a low mitre on his head, and holding a book and his paftoral ftaff. The infulae of the mitre hang down the back. Figured, Sir F. Madden, Archaeologia, vol. xxiv. pi. xlvii. fig. 3. [ 800 .) ’73. ^90. C HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, i ith- I2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 3I in., L. il in. A knight on horfeback, with a very fliort beard and a plain round fkull cap or morion with a raifed rim. I'he fhield is large and kite- fhaped, the right half chequered with diagonally-crofling lines, the left half plain (“ party per pale ”), and in his right hand he holds a fpear. Madden, op. cit., p. 233, fig. 10. { 80 i,) ’73. 291. C HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- 1 2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 4 in., L. 2f in. A knight on horfeback, with a fhort round beard and a conical helmet with a nafal and ear covers, his left arm and fide and the handle of his fword are covered by a large kite-fhaped fhield marked with a crofs formed of double lines, having a fmall fquare at the interfedfion of its arms ; in his right hand he holds a ftrong fpear. The faddle is raifed and fquared both in front and behind. Figured, Sir F. Madden, op. cit., pi. xlvii. figs. 4 and 5. ( 802 .) ’ 73 - ^ 9 ^- C HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- i2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 3^ in., W. i-^ in. 286 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. A rook (or caftle) here reprefented as a warrior on foot, the head and body entirely dad in mail, reprefented by lines crolling diagonally ; he holds a large fword in his right hand, and the left hand and fide is proteded by a large kite-ftiaped fhield with a diagonal crofs. The fcabbard of the fword appears on the right fide from under the left arm. Figured, Madden, op. cit., p. 238, the head feen fideways, and (hield. { 803 ,) ’ 73 ‘ ^ 93 - C HESS Rook. Northern, from the Me of Lewis, iith- 1 2th century. Original in the Britifli Mufeum. H. in., W. I J in. A rook, or warrior, on foot, clad in mail like the laft, but the head is further proteded by a conical helmet ; he holds a drawn fword in his right hand, and carries with his left arm a large kite-ftiaped fhield, the top of which he appears to be biting with his gigantic teeth, as defcribed by SirF. Madden (op. cit.,p. 271). The fhield is marked with a crofs formed of three lines, having the jundion of its arms ornamented with a diagonal crofs within a circle. Figured, Sir F. Madden, op. cit., pi. xlviii. fig. 2. { 804 ,) ’73. 294. C HESS Rook. Northern, from the Me of Lewis, nth- 1 2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. in., W. i| in. A rook, or warrior, on foot, clad in a long loofe coat, hanging in folds at the fides, and with a round helmet produced at top into a truncated cone, with a row of impreflTed lozenge-fhaped marks acrofs the middle ; he holds his large kite-fhaped fhield in front of him on his left arm, his right hand holding a fword diagonally acrofs the fhield. Figured, Sir F. Madden, op. cit., pi. xlviii. fig. 3. { 805 ,) ’ 73 - ^ 95 - C HESS Rook. Northern, from the Me of Lewis, iith- i2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 2 f in., H. in. special Obje&s — CheJJmen. 287 A rook, or warrior, the fmalleft of the Lewis pieces (except the pawns) ; clad in a long coat, with a round-headed morion or helmet with a raifed rim ; his fhield hangs on his left arm, down his left fide, and he holds his fword upright in his right hand. Figured, Sir F. Madden, op. cit., pi. xlviii. fig. 4 . [ 806 .) ’73. Z96. C HESSMAN. Northern, from the Ifle of Lewis, iith- i2th century. Original in the Britifli Mufeum. H. 2 in., W. I# hi. , . ... A pawn, being an oblong comprefled piece with circular top, the front and back ornamented with ftraight incifed lines, forming an interlaced lozenge-fliaped defign, crolTed by a St. Andrew’s crofs formed in the fame manner. Figured, Sir F. Madden, op. cit., pi. xlviii. fig. 7 . ( 807 .) ’73. 297. C HESSMAN. Northern? 12th century. Original in the Britilh Mufeum. H. 3 in., W. 2J in. A king, crowned, riding on horfeback, with a cloak with jewels along the margin. The horfe is led by a groom in a tunic with long lleeves, behind whom is another attendant with a fword laying hold of the horfe’s crupper. On the other fide of the horfe are two other attendants armed with a long fpear and halbert. Extremely rude. ( 808 .) ’73- 298. C HESS Queen. German. 1 2th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 33.) H. 3-|- in., W. 2 in. A queen feated on a wide throne, the back of which is ornamented with branches, interlaced whorls, and leaves elegantly arranged. She holds a cup in her left hand and an unwieldy fceptre in her right. On each fide is a kneeling figure, one playing upon the double pipes, the other holding apparently a flower in his right hand, which he is placing on her lap. The figures are rude. ( 809 .) 288 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. ’73. 399 - C HESS King. German. 12th century. Original in the Royal Mufeum of Copenhagen. H. in., W. 3 in- A king feated, with a crown on his head, beneath a bower formed of foliated branches, holding his robe on his knee with his right hand, his left holding a collar or torque round his neck ; at either end of the piece are two warriors with long kite-fhaped fhields, and at the back of the chair (which is ornamented with a lion’s head and foliage) are the bulls of four other foldiers with fimilar Ihields, and four other unarmed bulls. (SiO,) 73. 300. C HESS King. Northern. 12th century. Original in the Britilh Mufeum. H. 3 in., W. 2-|- in. A king feated on a wide throne, holding a fword in his raifed right hand extending to his mouth (but now broken) ; in front of him Hands a large hound, and at each fide Hands a warder, both holding fmall triangular Ihields, and one of them a battle-axe at the end of a long pole. Extremely rude. (<9//.) 73- 301- C HESSMAN? IrilE ? 12th century? Original in the colledion of the late R. Ball, Efq., Dublin. H. 2 in., W. in. A bear devouring the head of a crouching male figure covered with a cowl and holding a velTel in his right hand, which appears to reprefent one of the Iquare hand bells ufed in the early Irilh church. {8i2.) ’54. 69. C HESS Bifhop. Northern. 12th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 3^ in., W. if in. A bifhop feated, robed in a large cope faHened at the breaH with a morfe, the mitre injured, but the infulae hanging down the back ; he special ObjeSis — Chejfmen. 289 holds a fmall book in his left hand, and a paftoral flafF (top broken ofF) in his right. The chair is ornamented at the back with a ftar formed of four large oval leaves arifing from a fmall diamond in the centre, and extending to the four angles. {8i3.) ' 73 - 30^- C HESS Bifhop. German. 13th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 24.) H. 3|- in., W. 2 in. A bifhop almoft identical with No. ^/7, differing only in fome flight portions of the drefs, the lower edge of his alb being ornamented with a row of dots. (S'/ 4.) ’ 73 - 303- C HESS Piece. Irifh ? 12th- 13th century. Original in the Petrie Colle( 51 :ion, Dublin. H. 2-| in., W. if in. A queen feated, crowned. The crown placed over a veil which hangs over the fhoulders ; her cloak hanging down each Fide in front, and marked with two Greek crofTes + + ; the elbow of her left arm refts upon her right hand, and her cheek refts upon the open palm of her left hand, the back of the chair is ornamented with two interlaced dragons. (8/5.) ’58- 173- C HESS Piece. German? I2th-i3th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. 2f in. by 2 in. at bottom. A knight-piece, confifling of a group of warriors on horfeback, bearing large round ornamented fhields, one of which is flung upon the arm of one of the figures, who is turning back and difcharging an arrow from a large bow ; another is armed with a long fpear. All the figures feem to have the head uncovered. Figured, Du Sommerard, Les Arts, &c.. Album, 10 fer., pi. xxv. ( 8 / 6 .) 30670. T n 290 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ' 7 S ' 304- C HESS Bifhop. German. 13th century. Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 23.) H. 3J in., W. 2 in. A bifliop feated on a wide chair, with a low conical mitre (the in- fulae hanging down the back), clad in a large chafuble of the ancient form, the right hand raifed in benedidlion, with the thumb and firft and fecond fingers (the latter ringed) elevated, the left hand holding a paftoral ftafF, refting on the fide of his head and terminating above in a foliated whorl. A long maniple hanging from his wrift. Figured, Becker and Hefner, Kunftwerk. d. Mittelalt., vol. i. pi. 63. {Sir,) ’ 73 - 305* C HESS King. German. 14th century. Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 27.) H. 3-| in., W. 2f in. A king feated, crowned, clad in a long cloak, holding an eredl fword in his right hand with his hawk on his left. At the back and fides are feven warriors Handing armed cap-a-pied in chain mail, and with long coats nearly reaching to the ground, holding long fliields fquare at top with the points rounded. ( 8 i 8 .) ’73. 306. C HESS Piece. Englifh ? 13th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. H. 3f in., W. 2f in. A knight-piece formed out of an oval piece of walrus ivory, com- pletely open cut. At each end is the figure of a knight, completely clad in fcale armour, reprefented as feated, with the face uncovered by the armour of the head, holding a drawn fword over his right fhoulder in his right hand, and bearing a fhield on his left arm. The fliield of one knight is divided by faint lines into fmall lozenges, each bearing a dot, the right half of the fhield with half a large fleur-de-lys ; the special ObjeSls — CheJJmen. 291 fliield of the other knight is marked with oblique bars, the alternate ones bearing a row of dots. Thefe knights are connected together by inter- lacing branches of trees which throw out foliage both at top and bottom of the piece. Figured, A. Way, in Journal of Archaeol. Inftitute, vol. iii. p. 241, and Wilfon, Prehiftoric Hiftory of Scotland. { 8 i 9 .) 73 - 307 - C HESS Piece. German. 14th century. Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 25.) H. 5-|- in., W. 2f in. at bottom. A knight feated on horfeback, armed with a round morion or head piece with a round rim, his neck and flioulders defended by fcale armour, holding a huge fword eredl in his left hand, his right hand holding the reins ; his fhield is fattened upon his breaft. On either fide of him walks a fmall figure of a foldier with a crofT-bow ; round the bafe are fifteen fmaller foldiers, all carrying the fame inftruments. Very rude. Figured, Becker and Hefner, Kunftwerk. d. Mittelalt., vol. ii. pi. 5. { 820 .) ’73- 308. C HESS Piece. German. T4th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 21.) H. 3-I in., L. at bottom, 2 in. A knight clad in a helmet with the pointed vifor down, the neck defended by fcale armour ; long ornamental ribbons hang from his fhoulders, his fword and dagger at his fide, and his fhield held up in front of his breaft. He is reprefented as riding upon a lion, and round the bottom of the piece are ten fmall figures bearing bows and arrows. Very rude. Carved out of walrus tooth. { 82 i,) ’ 73 * 309 * C HESS Piece? German. 14th century? Original in the Kunfl: Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iv. c. 28.) H. 4 in., W. 1 ^ in. 292 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. Figure of a giant Handing eredt, with a long pointed beard, his fhaggy coat tied round the waifl: with a ferpent ; his left hand fupports an oblong fhield refting on the ground and his right hand an enormous club, formed of a column with bafe and capital for a handle, the bottom of which refts on the ground and is licked by a proftrate lion. ( 822 .) ^ 73 - 310. C HESS Queen. German. 14th century? Original in the Britifh Mufeum. H. 2 ^ in., W. in. A queen feated on an elaborately-carved throne, terminating behind in a turret and two pinnacles. She wears a large crown, and holds a fceptre eredt in her right hand, and wears a long cloak. On one fide Hands a warrior with a fpear, and on the other an attendant with a vafe. ( 823 .) 73- 311 * C HESS Piece? German. 1 6 th century. Original in the South KenHngton Mufeum, No. 2998. ’56. (Mafkell Cat., p. II.) H. 2f in., L. 2 in. A knight armed, with a fliort thickly-plaited tunic, and carrying a battle-axe in his right hand, riding upon a richly-caparifoned horfe. ( 824 .) ’ 73 - 31 ^- C HESSMAN. Carved in walrus tooth ? Englifh. 13th- 14th century. Original in the Afhmolean Mufeum, Oxford. H. 3 in., W. 2J in. On either fide is a mounted knight, the intervening fpaces filled with open cut foliage ; one knight is armed with a fword and the other with a lance, looking backwards. The helmet is large and cylindrical, truncated at top and with a crofs eye-flit (ocularium) Hrengthened by an upright ridge. Their bodies are covered with ringed armour, and they wear long furcoats, with a belt round the waiH. Figured by A. Way, Efq., Journal Archaeol. InHitute, vol. iii. p. 243 . ( 825 .) special ObjeEis — Chejfmen. 293 ’ 73 - 479 - HESS Bifhop. German, the } Colledlion. 15th century. Original in H. 5 in., W. 3 in. This piece reprefents an archbifhop in a jewelled mitre, wearing the pallium, riding on horfeback ; an attendant tonfured prieft, on foot, on the right fide bearing the paftoral crozier ere6f. In front, beneath the horfe’s head, are three priefts of fmall fize with open books ; another alfo walks on the left fide of the biftiop. Around the bafe of the piece are fourteen crofs-bowmen of fmall fize. {825a,) ’73. 480. C HESSMAN. German. 15th century. Original in the colledlion of S. Drey. H. jf in., W. in. A knight feated on horfeback holding a fpear in his right hand, a fword hanging on his left fide. On his head he wears a chapelle de fer with a brim and a central top ridge, and his breaft is defended by his fquare fhield with a notch at the top for his arm. Around the bottom of the piece are ranged fourteen crofs-bowmen of fmall hze. {825b,) ’73. 481. C HESS Piece ? German. 12th century. Original in the Germanic Mufeum. H. i^q in., L. 2 ^ in., thick, I in. This curious piece is quadrangular, the top forming a double arch. In front are two compartments furmounted by rounded arches, on which reft monftrous animals. In one compartment are four kneeling figures, and in the other is an animal refting on a fmall arcade, evidently intended for the Golden Calf. On the back are alfo two compartments ; in one is a feated figure, and in the other two male ftanding figures. At one end is a prieft ftanding before an altar, over which defcends a large bird with outftretched wings, and at the other end is a feated male figure with a triangular head. The top is divided into lozenge-fhaped com- partments by a beaded ribbon. {825c,) 294 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’73. 482. C HESSMAN ? German. 13th century. Original in the Hohenzollern Sigmaringen Colledtion. H. if in.^ diam. li in. This curious piece has its front furmounted by two heads in com- plete relief refting on a plain flab fupported by a very conventional tree, the body of the piece confifls of four arches, in one of which is a centaur fpearing a great goofe in the next divifion, while in the third is a naked male figure chopping the flump of a tree, and feems to be dif- charging a flrong volume of wind from his mouth againfl another large goofe under the fourth arch. {825d.) I.— DRAUGHTSMEN. 73 - 313- RAUGHTSMAN. Original in the — Of the Anglo-Saxon period. — Colledlion. Diam. if in. This circular draughtfman of the early Anglo-Saxon period was exhibited at one of the early meetings of the Archaeological Inflitute. It is flat at top, ornamented with lines in concentric circles and half circles, the latter forming fix fefloons round the piece. [826.) ’ 73 - 314- D raughtsman. Englifh? 12th century. Original in the colledlion of the Rev. Dr. Millard, Bafingftoke. Diam. 2^ in. The fable of the wolf and the flork ; the wolf to the right fits up- right licking the mouth of the vafe into which the flork, to the left, is thrufling its long beak. The rim is ornamented with a neat foliated pattern forming four detached oval difes. [827.) special ObjeSis — Draughtsmen. 295 ’68. 5. D raughtsman. French? 12th century. Original in the colledlion of M. Carrand, Lyons. Diam. in. This circular draughtfman is made of walrus tooth, and contains figures of David and two attendants armed with kite-fliaped fhields and fwords, approaching to cut off the head of the giant Goliath, lying dead on the ground in front. The ftiield is furnifhed on the infide with two loops, through one of which the arm is palled, whilft the other is feized by the hand. V ery deeply carved, with a circular rim ornamented with a fmall ftar-fhaped pattern. {^ 828 ,^ J: ’73- 315- C ircular Draughtfman. Englifh. i ith-i 2th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. i|- in. A countryman carrying a faggot of fticks on his back with a very conventional tree at his fide, in front of him a ram of large fize, fym- bolical of the month of January and the fign Aries, with ornamental ‘rim. Infcribed round the edge + GENVARIVS ARIES. {829.') ’73- 316- C ircular Draughtfman. Englilh? 12th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. 2 in. A man in a conical cap, with a long fpear on his fhoulder, riding on a dragon, a fmaller dragon riding eredl behind him, with its tail entwined with that of the larger beaft. {^830.) ’73- 317* C ircular Draughtfman. German. 12th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. hi. b. 167.) Diam. 2|- in. David Jn a very energetic attitude, with extended arm, is about to cut off the head of Goliath (who is, however, not reprefented as a giant), having feized the hair of his head. Surrounded by a narrow raifed rim ornamented with zig-zags and pellets. {83i .) 296 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. 73- 318. C ircular Draughtfman. German. 1 2th Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. Verz. hi. b. 170.) Diam. 2 in. century. (Reprod. Hercules having feized the hair of the kneeling Cacus with the left hand, is cutting off his head. Two heads of oxen feen to the right. Infcribed round the edge + ARGVITVR • FVRTI • VICTVS • BENE • CACVS • EVANDRI. { 832 .) ’73* 319 - C ircular Draughtfman. German. 12th century. Original in the Dyck Colledlion, Munich. (Kunft Kammer, Berlin. Reprod. Verz. hi. b. 169.) Diam. zj in. A hideous looking female (Terra), with long difhevelled hair, is giving fuck to a hare and a winged dragon. Surrounded by a narrow orna- mented rim. Infcribed round the border, TERRA . LEPVS . DRACO. Figured, Becker and Hefner, Kunftw. d. Mittelalt. ii. pi. 23 . f. i. { 833 .) ’73. 5^0. C ircular Draughtfman. German. 12th Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. Verz. hi. b. 168.) Diam. 2J in. century. (Reprod. A male figure, holding a bow in his right hand, ftands to the left, and before him to the right two centaurs in conical caps. Infcribed round the border, TELIS ARGILEI • RVLSE • ST 'FERE, that is, “Telis Achilleis pulfae funt ferae.” Figured, Becker and Hefner, 1. c., pi. 23 . f. 2 . { 834 .) ’65. 124. C ircular Draughtfman. Scandinavian. 12th century. Original in the Royal Mufeuni, Copenhagen. Diam. 2^ in. special ObjeBs — Draughtsmen. 297 A male figure ftrangling two dragons, which he holds by their necks, their tails twifted round his legs. Very rude. Figured, Worfaae, Afbildningar, fig. 427. (^55.) ’ 73 - 3 ^ 1 - C ircular Draughtfman. French.^ 12th century. Original in the colledion of M. Carrand, Lyons. Diam. 2J in. A huntfman armed with a fhort fword and blowing a horn, in a thicket, mounted upon a gigantic hare, holding two dogs of fmall fize by a ftrap round their necks. Surrounded by a narrow rim ornamented with fmall rings. {836.^ ’73. 3^^. IRCULAR Original - in. Draughtfman. German. 12th century. } Caft obtained at Cologne. Diam. A boat with maft and fail, from which two men in front are heaving a large box or coffer into the fea ; two other figures in the prow of the boat. Narrow rim with foliated ornament. (837.) ^ 73 - 3 ^ 3 - C ircular Draughtfman. German. 12th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. 2 in. Samfon pulling down the gates of Gaza. The heads of two Phili- flines afleep to the right beneath an arch of the temple. (838.) ^ 73 - 3 ^ 4 - C ircular Draughtfman. French. 12th century. Original in the colledlion of M. Carrand, Lyons. Diam. i| in. 298 FiSiile Ivory Ca/is. Delila in a gown, with very long hanging lleeves cutting off the hair of Samfon, kneeling before her ; a very conventional tree in the background. Surrounded by a border of pellets. {839,) ’65. 125. C ircular Draughtfman. Englifh. 1 2th- 13th century. Original in the Afhmolean Mufeum, Oxford. Diam. 2| in. St. Martin dividing his coat with a beggar, cut in very deep relief ; behind the former appears the head of an afs ; the border is formed by two narrow circular rims with a row of beads between them. (840.) ’65. 126. C ircular Draughtfman. Englifh. I2th-i3th century. Original in the Afhmolean Mufeum, Oxford. Diam. 2 } in. In a deeply-funk circular panel St. Martin is cutting his cloak in two with his fword to clothe a beggar {landing in front of him ; behind the faint is feen a horfe’s head, and above him two angels. The border is formed of two rims, enclofing a row of beads. •) All thefe twelfth-century draughtfmen are circular in form, and have the defign very deeply (fometimes as much as one-third of an inch) carved below the furface of the piece, leaving a narrow outer edge or rim. special Objects — Mirror Cafes: 299 K.— MIRROR CASES. 13TH-15TH Centuries. ’58. .300. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenhngton Mufeum, No. 9. ’72. (Malkell Cat., p. 146.) Diam. in. Aflault of the CafUe of Love by five knights on horfeback, fully armed cap-a-pie with fwords, fpear, and clubs. The caftle rifes in the centre, and four ladies on the battlements vigoroufly defend the caftl^ by hurling rofes on the knights, who, as well as their horfes, are covered with the flowers. On either fide a herald mounted on a tree fummons the defenders to furrender at the found of a long horn, which he is blowing. Cupid, the god of love, winged, (lands at the top of an upper turret, (hooting an arrow at one of the knights, who has raifed the vifor of his helmet. Four well-defigned fe mi-crouching lions in complete relief are placed at equal diftances around the edge of the cafe 5 one of the knights wears ailettes on his (houlders. ( 842 .) ’58. 314. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. Englifli. About 1375. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. 4 in. In the centre a gentleman with a tight-fitting drefs, reaching nearly to the knees, but with long narrow fleeves hanging from the elbow, his head uncovered, with long flowing hair, offers with bent knee a heart, held up in his upraifed right hand, to a damfel alfo clothed in a tightly- fitting gown reaching to the feet, with narrow hanging fleeves, and with the head uncovered and the hair flowing down the neck. Above, two angels in the clouds, fupporting a (hield emblazoned in the centre with a rofe, towards which the lady raifes her right hand. To the left is a Gothic building, and at the right is feated an attendant on the knight, with a tight-fitting drefs, a cap covering the head, with the top hanging down the back and widening at the neck into a tippet, extend- ing over the (houlders. In the background are feveral trees. The defign is enclofed within a quatrefoil, with rofettes in the outer angles, but enclofed within an outer circle, at the outer angles of which latter are four large Gothic trcfoilcd leaves. ( 843 .) 300 FiEiile Ivory Cafis. ’58. 205, 206. T OP and Bottom of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the colledlion of M. Carrand, Lyons. Diam. 4 in. I. The top. In the foreground two knights fully armed with fwords, on horfeback, with very fmall triangular fhields, are attacking each other in front of a caftellated building, upon the battlements of which three pairs of lovers are engaged in amatory dalliance ; the lady in the centre pair placing a wreath on the head of her lover. Large Gothic leaves at the four outer angles. 2. The bottom. A tournament between two knights on horfeback in front of a caftle, on the battlements of which are a pair of lovers, the lady holding a hawk on her wrift, attendants at the fides. Two trumpeters on very conventional trees Handing on the right fide. On the outfide of the circle are four large Gothic leaves at the angles of the piece. Both pieces are of poor rude workmanfhip. ( 844 ^ 845 .) ’58. 20Z. 'TP'OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. X Original in the Royal Mufeum, Darmftadt. Diam. 5 in. The afeent to the Caftle of Love. In front to the right are feen the Hairs leading to a doorway in one of the turrets of a caHle, on the battlements of which is feated a crowned figure, reprefenting the god of love, receiving a lady, followed by a knight, who have afeended by the Haircafe. One lady, armed with a gigantic key, is afeending the Haircafe, and pufliing her armed knight through the turret door. Another lady is gently drawing her knight by the hand up the Hairs, whilH a third lady, to the left, chaHifes her lover with a fcourge of rofes, and puflies him forward towards the Heps. The knights are fully armed with their vifors up, and each has ailettes on his flioulders. At the four angles are rudely- defigned Gothic leaves. Figured, Becker and Hefner, KunHwerke des Mittelalters, vol. ii. pi- 69- A rude figure of this piece or of another quite like it, but much more rudely carved, is publiflied in the Revue Archaeologique, vol. xiv. pi. 321, from the collection of M. Jacquinot Godard, and is deferibed by M. 301 Special ObjeEis — Mirror Cafes. Guenebault as reprefenting King Louis and the Countefs of Flanders, the King of Navarre, and the Duke of Bourgoyne, interceding with St. Louis for a political prifoner, who is being led to prifon, and who is confidered to be Enguerrard, Sire de Coucy ! ! (846.) ’58. 307. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. Diam. 5 J in. The Court of Love. Above, Cupid crowned, feated upon a tree, is armed in each hand with an arrow pointed towards a pair of lovers kneeling on either fide of him. Below are two other pairs of lovers engaged in converfation, with a tree in the middle. The gentleman in the right hand couple holds a hawk on his wrift, and his lover holds a circular wreath in one hand, whilft with her other fhe playfully feizes him by the chin. The upper and lower groups are feparated by a bar orna- mented with rofettes ; the whole enclofed within a quatrefoil, with angular projedlions at the jundtion of the foils, with monftrous birds, beads, and heads between the angles fo formed and the outer circular margin. Four monftrous animals with long tails and human heads are fculptured at the four angles on the outfide of the circle. • Figured, Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, i. pi. 39 , fig. i. ( 847 .) ’58. 203. OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. Englifh i6th century. Original in the ? Colledion Diam. 4^ in. The Batttle of Rofes. Three knights, armed cap-a-pie on horfc- back, fully caparifoned, are attacking each other in front of a caftle with branches of rofes, whilft feveral ladies on the battlements vigoroufly throw rofes over the combatants, one over the gateway holding a circular wreath in her hand to crown the vidfor ; to the right a knight having mounted to the top of a tree is ftealthily drawn by one of the damfels over the battlements, whilft another knight, who has already gained that pofition, is contending with another of the damfels. Four monftrous animals at the angles outfide the circle. ( 848 .) 302 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. ’58. 199. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the ? Colledlion. Diam. 3 J in. A gentleman in a long gown with a hood hanging down his back tenderly embraces a damfel in a long flowing gown, with head uncovered, and long ringlets, his attendant holds his fleed, which he beats vigoroufly with a fcourge. Four monftrous animals at the outer angles of the piece. {849,) ’58. 211. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. Englifli.^ 14th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. A gentleman with a hawk on his wrift, and clad in a long gown with a handkerchief faftened round his head, and a lady in a long plain gown, with her head uncovered, and long hair, and with a gauntlet in her hand, feated on a long bench in converfation. {850,) ’54. 81. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum (from the Mafkell Colledion). Diam. 4 in. A knight and lady (landing before a very conventional tree, the former clad in a very clofe-fitting tunic buttoned down the breafl ; his head and neck covered with a tight-fitting cap fcalloped at the lower edge ; his dagger belt acrofs the loins, and the toes of his fhoes very long and peaked ; in his right hand he feizes the handle of his dagger, whilfl: his left hand is elevated, holding a heart to his companion, who is clad in a tight-fitting gown, with very long narrow hanging fleeves, her head is uncovered, her hair forming a broad plait on either fide of her face. On either fide Gothic buildings with pinnacles. The whole enclofed within a quatrefoil furrounded by the circular margin, with four large Gothic leaves at the outer angles of the piece. {85i.) special ObjeEis — Mirror Cafes. 303 ’ 58 . 212 . T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. Diam. 3 in. To the right two lovers tenderly embracing each other, amongft trees ; to the left an aged monk in his cowl approaches, holding up his hand by way of warning to the young couple before him. (852,) ’54. 78. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. Diam. 5J in. The elopement of Queen Guinever and Sir Lancelot. A number of knights crofling a bridge in front of a caftle, from the upper window of which a lady is leaping into the arms of a knight, who ftands upright on the pommel of his faddle. Another knight rides off with a damfel, who embraces him tenderly ; under the bridge is feen a boat rowed off by an attendant, containing a pair of lovers, and a fecond attendant playing on a lyre. Two other females gaze on the group from the windows of a round tower. The knights are in chain armour with fleevelefs furcoats, fome having the fimple coif de mailles^ whilfl: others wear the clofed bafcinet. Three of them have heater-fhields, and it may be remarked that the knight ftanding on his faddle has a pryck- fpur on each heel. (See on this point Journ. Brit. Arch. Aflbc., vol. vi. p. 128.) (853,) Figured, G. Scharf, Art Treafures at Manchefter, p. 24. ’ 58 . 209 . T OP of a Mirror Cafe. ■ French? 14th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. 3f in. A pair of lovers riding, each with a hawk on the wrift. The lady (not riding fideways) wears a whimple and a long gown and cloak, the front ends of which hang over the breaft in two points, and the hind 304 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. part forms a hood, hanging down the back. The gentleman wears an unufually tall round cap ; behind is an attendant with a fpear, and trees in the background. Four monftrous animals at the outer angles. { 854 .) ’54. 80. T OP of a Mirror Cafe. Englifh. 14th century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum. Diam. 4f in. A lady and gentleman riding in a foreft on horfeback, the gentleman with uncovered head, holding a hawk on his wrift, the lady in a whimple and head drefs pointed in front, with a triple-lafhed whip in her left hand. She is riding aftride. Behind, two attendants with fpears. Below, a dog chafing a hare. Rude flat work. { 855 .) ’58. 208. OP of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century, in the Colledlion ? Diam. 4J in. Original A lady and gentleman riding, the former evidently not fideways, the gentleman with his arm round her neck. She wears a whimple under her chin with a head drefs pointed in front, and a long cloak buttoned down the breaft, and with a hood hanging down the back. An atten- dant in front holds a large club in his hand, whilfl: another behind whips the lady’s horfe with a triple-lafhed whip. Four monflrous beads at the outer angles of the piece. { 856 .) ’58. 201. T OP of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Diam. 5-|- in. A Gothic building within a circular frame. Above, three trefoiled. Gothic, richly crocketted arches, reding upon flender columns ; below, an arcade of four fimilar arches without the intervening columns. Above, in the centre, Cupid crowned, extends his arms, in order to crown with circlets a pair of lovers, kneeling before him. On either fide, under the fide arches, dands another pair of lovers. Below, a lady and special ObjeSis — Mirror Cafes. 305 gentleman dancing under the two middle arches to the tune of a hand organ, played by a female attendant to the right \ to the left two other lovers embracing each other ; at the fides, trees. Four monftrous beafts at the four angles outfide the circle. (<957. ) ’58. 40. T OP of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Sauvageot Colledtion in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Diam. 4I in. A lady and gentleman playing at chefs. The lady in a whimple and a long loofe gown, not faftened round the waift. The gentleman with a loofe gown with a hood. Behind him a gentleman with a hawk and a lady with a circular wreath. Above, drapery faftened to a central flender pillar. Four monftrous animals at the outer angles. Figured, Didron, Ann. Archeol., vol. xix. p. 253 ; alfo Photogr. Arundel Soc. Cat. Cafts, p. 14 , Clafs xii. d. (<95(9. ) 54 - 79 - T OP of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the collection of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. Diam. 4f in- Within the circle is a feries of fix fliallow circular headed arches extending all round the difc, each being trefoiled, but without any crocketting. In the centre a lady and gentleman riding on horfeback, the latter holding a hawk on his wrift, the former having taken hold of the chin of her companion. Behind, an attendant on foot carrying a lance. Four monftrous beafts at the outer angles. Figured, Didron, Annales Archeol., vol. xix. p. 253 . (869.') ’58. 304. C ircular Cover of a Mirror Cafe. Late 14th century. Original in the collection of M. Carrand, Lyons. Diam. 4i in. A number of knights on horfeback, with trees in the background, fome preparing for the tournament, whilft others in the background are 30670. u 3o6 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. engaged in the melee. To the right an unarmed attendant ftands on his horfe’s faddle, putting on the helmet of a knight already on horfe- back, whilft another attendant to the left fallens a ribbon on the Ihield of another knight. The helmet of one knight is furmounted with a crane’s head and neck, another with the mail and flag of a fhip, another with a bull’s head and neck, and another with a rofe bulh. Four large Gothic leaves at the outer angles. [ 860 ,') ’54- 76, 77- C ircular Top and Bottom of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Originals in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Diam. 4-I in. Top. The ftem of a central tree and the branches of two other trees at the fides divide the difc into four compartments, in each of which a pair of lovers are engaged in pleafant difcourfe ; fome feated, others walking ; in one the lady crowns her lover with a circlet. Shallow work of moderate pretenfions. [86i .') Bottom. A precifely fimilar defign, with four pairs of lovers fimi- larly occupied. [862^ ’58. 315. T OP of a Mirror Cafe. French.? 14th century. Original in — ? Colledlion. Diam. 4 .^ in. Within the outer circle is a plain quatrefoil with angular projedtions at the jundlion of the arches. In the centre a lady prefents a fword to a gentleman. A pair of lovers embracing each other on either flde. Small monftrous animals occupy the fpandrils outfide the quatrefoils. [ 863 ,) ’58. j^IO. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. Englifh. 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris ? Diam. 4 in. The circular difc divided by a plain central bar into two compart- ments. Above, Cupid crowned, feated on a throne with lions’ heads at the arms, holds an arrow in each hand diredled towards a pair of kneel- ing lovers. Below, two pairs of lovers courting. ( 864 ,) special ObjeBs — Mirror Cafes. 307 ’ 73 - 325- T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. German. 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. Diam. in. Within the circular outline the difc is formed into a fix-foiled fpace by narrow arches. In the centre above, Cupid crowned, ftanding on the top of a caftellated tower extends an arrow with his right hand towards a lady, before whom a knight kneels in defpair, whilft the arrow in Cupid’s left hand is diredfed towards a pair of lovers embracing each other. Six monftrous heads occupy the fpandrils within the circle. Round the outer rim of the original are four grotefque beafts, omitted in the caft. Figured, Becker and Hefner, Kunftw. d. Mittelalters, ii, pi. 2 , f. 2 . { 865 .) T 2| in. ’38. 313- OP of a fmall Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the — ^ Colledion. Diam. A lover and his lady walking, flie holding her lap dog on her arm ; an attendant on the lady holds the circlet intended for the brows of her fwain. (866.) ' 73 - 326. T OP of a Circular Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 182.) Diam. 3^ in. Two knights on horfeback armed cap-a-pie tilting, two attendants behind them founding their trumpets. Above, feated in a balcony are two pairs of lovers, and an attendant holding a hawk on his wrift. ( 867 .) '58. 516. T OP of a fquare Mirror Cafe. French. End of 13th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. 2f in. fquare. U 2 3o8 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. A gentleman in a long gown buttoned up to the throat with very long hanging fleeves and a fquare cap on his head, tenders a heart in his right hand to a lady who raifes her right hand to accept it. Her gown fits very tightly at the waift, but is open at the throat, the long narrow cuffs of the fleeves hang down nearly to the feet, and fhe wears a fmall fquare cap. To the right is a fmall building, and the background is rudely fcored into diaper work. The defign is enclofed within a circle, the outer angles being carved into rude Gothic foliage. { 868 .) 55 - 50 - T OP of a Mirror Cafe. French. About A.D. 1400. Original in the Sauvageot Colledion in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. 3-^ in. fquare. A pair of lovers dreffed in the outre fafhion of the end of Richard II. ’s reign, enclofed within a circular border. The lady with a fhort tight waifl: and long full fkirt, with the fleeves very large and wide, hanging down to the feet, with the edge trimmed with fringe. The hair is dreffed with a large cufhion enclofed within network on either fide, covered with a nearly crefcent-fhaped cap. She holds a little dog on her left arm and extends her right hand to accept a flowery wreath offered to her by the gentleman who wears a richly-decorated gown, reaching below the knees, with long hanging fleeves ; his head is tied round with a handkerchief, the ends of which hang down behind his back, a plant in full flower rifes between the lovers, and over the head of the gentleman is a large fcroll infcribed in Gothic letters * EN * GRE * The four outer angles are carved into Gothic foliage. { 869 .) ’58- 43 > 44- T OP and Bottom of a very fine Mirror Cafe. French. 15th century. Original in the colledion of A. Foun- taine, Efq. Diam. 5 in. Top. A tournament between two knights on horfeback armed cap- a-pie, the horfes covered with long cloths marked with the defigns, formed of oblique or angulated bars, alfo feen on the fhields of the knights, on the bannerets of the trumpets, and the hangings of the bal- cony. Above are two trumpeters blowing very long horns ; feated above at a draped balcony are five perfonages nobly dreffed, one of the special ObjeSis — Mirror Cafes. 309 ladies holding her lap dog on the top of the balcony, another lady is receiving a flower from a gentleman. Four monfters (two with human heads) at the outer angles. { 870 .^ Bottom. From beneath the gateway of a caftle, flanked by circular towers and conical turrets, a lady and her attendants mounted on horfe- back (evidently not feated Tideways) advances to meet a' knight returning victorious from the tournament, who holds out his right hand to receive a flower offered by the lady ; his fhield is emblazoned with three rofes. The fcene is witneffed from the battlements by three ladies, whilfl: two others at the Tides of the towers aflifl: two knights in mounting to the top, one by holding the end of a rope ladder whilfl the other fcrambles up from the top of a tree. Below, to the left, another knight difcharges a crofs-bow loaded with flowers at the ladies above. Four monftrous animals (two with human faces) at the outer angles. ’55- 43- T OP of a Mirror CaTe. French. 14th century. Original in the South KenTington MuTeum, No. .1617. ’55. (Mafkell Cat., p. 4.) Diam. 5-I in. This is one of the fineft Tpecimens of this clafs of objedls. Its Tculpture reprefents the capture of the Caftle of Love. At the top of the battlements of the caftle the god of love with fix wings and crowned ftands piercing a lady and her lover with a pair of arrows. On either Tide Tit two ladies diTconTolately leaning their heads on their hands, one regarding a knight on horTeback below, who diredls a fling towards her, whilft on the other Tide a knight holds up his Tword by the point towards the other lady, he further attempts (but in vain) to attradl her attention by removing his helmet from his face, his head being alfo encafed in a cap of chain armour. On a lower turret of the caftle, occupying the centre of the piece, a knight and lady are embracing each other, another lady aflifts a knight to afeend on a rope ladder, the top end of which has been thrown over one of the battlements, whilft another knight at the right is fcrambling from the pommel of his faddle to the battlement aflifted by two other knights, one of whom has already mounted on the battlements and the other is on horfeback. The armed knights wear ailettes at their ftioulders. I'he attitudes and expreflions of the different figures are admirably rendered. Four lions (one loft) femi-crouching and moft admirably defigned in complete relief occupy the four outer angles of the piece. Photograph, Mafkell Cat., 1. c. { 872 ,^ 310 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’73- 327 - T OP of a Mirror Cafe. German? 15 th century. Original in the Kunft Kammer, Berlin. (Reprod. Verz. iii. b. 164.) Diam. 3 J in. Within a fix-foiled circlet fimilarly divided and ornamented with monftrous heads, a gentleman clad in a long gown faftened down the front with a row of very fmall buttons and a long hood hanging behind, prefents a rofe to a lady clad in a very long-lleeved gown, with her hair plaited and hanging down at each fide of her head. Another lady and gentleman ftand behind the two principal figures. {873^ ’73- 328. T OP of a Circular Ivory Box. German. i6th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. '2148. ’55* (Mafkell Cat,, p. 6.) Diam. 5 in. Bathfheba ftanding in the bath near an ornamental fountain receives a fmall cafket from the hands of a meflenger (drefled in the German coftume of the date of the box) from King David, who looks out of a window in the turret of a caftle overlooking the bath. A rude border of vine leaves and grapes furrounds the central defign. (874.) ’58. 198. C OVER of a Circular Mirror Cafe. German? 1 6th or 17th century. Original in the Chriftian Mufeum of the Vatican. Diam. 4 in. Beneath a flattened ogee arch ornamented with rude whorls, inclofed beneath a flattened upper angular one with foliage, is reprefented the Maflacre of the Innocents. Herod, crowned, feated to the left with his fceptre in his left hand, ftretches out his right hand, directing his foldiers to kill a number of children before him with their fwords ; a weeping female flands looking on. Very coarfe and poor. (875,) special ObjeBs — Mirror Cafes. 311 ’73- 339- C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 217. ’67. (Malkell Cat.^, p. 82.) Diam. 4^ in. In the centre a lady crowning her lover, who kneels before her, with a circlet. To the left a fervant wearing a hood holds two horfes (the heads only feen), which he is about to ftrike with a raifed three-thonged whip. Four dragons at the corners on the outfide of the rim. ( 876 ,) ’73- 330- C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 218. '67. (Malkell Cat, p. 83.) Diam. 4 in. Four knights on horfeback armed cap-a-pie with clofed vizors com- batting with fwords in front of a caftle, on the battlements of which are three ladies who are pelting them and their horfes with rofes, which are feen lying on the fhields and other parts of the defign. Four dragons at the corners of the circular rim. { 877 .) > 3 - 331- C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 219. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 83.) Diam. 4 in. A lady in a hood and whimple and carrying a hawk, and a gentle- man armed with a fword and a dagger are riding through a wood and tenderly killing each other. An attendant precedes them. Four dragons on the outfide of the circular rim. { 878 .) ’73- 335- C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 220. ’67. (Malkell Cat., p. 84.) Diam. 4|- in. 312 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. In the lower part are three pairs of lovers walking in a garden ; above is a balcony, in front of which are two chief perfonages, and under the arches are two other pairs of lovers ; two little dogs occupy the outer angles of the balcony. Two dragons only remain on the out- fide of the circular rim. {879,) ’ 73 - 333 - C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 221. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 84.) Diam. 3|- in, A lady with a chaplet and her lover with a hawk, meeting in the centre, feparated by a tree, amongft the branches of which Cupid, crowned, is feated holding two arrows diredted towards the lovers. Four dragons on the outfide of the circular rim. {880.) ’ 73 - 334 - C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 222. '67. (Malkell Cat., p. 85). Diam. 4-I in. A lady and gentleman riding through a wood in amorous dalliance. Behind them are two attendants on foot, and below the feet of the horfes a fmall dog is chafing a hare. {88i ,) ’ 73 - 335 - C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. Englifh. End of 13th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 223. '67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 85.) Diam. 4I in. A lady and gentleman playing at chefs, the lady holding two pieces which fhe has taken, the gentleman has his legs croffed, fhowing the lacing of the inner part of the fhoe above the ankle. Above is a heavy curtain fupported by a central pole. {882.) special ObjeSis — Mirror Cafes. 313 ’73- 336- C OVER of a Mirror Cafe. Englifh. 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 224. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. 85.) Diam. 2|- in. A lady and gentleman playing at chefs, the lady railing her right hand, the curtain at top fupported as in the laft piece. Within the cir- cular rim is a border of feven femicircular arches with grotefque faces in the fpandrils. [883,) ’73* 337- C OVER of a Mirror Cafe.^ French. 14th century. Original in the South Kenhngton Mufeum, No. 226. ’67. (Malkell Cat., p. 86.) Diam. 2|- in. A lady and gentleman fitting on the ground amongft trees, he play- ing with a hawk and Ihe teaching her lap dog to ftand upright. (884.) ’ 73 - 338- T WO Folding Tablets. Englifh ? 14th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 233. '67. (Maf- kell Cat., p. 89.) Each tablet, H. 5 in., W. 2|- in. Each leaf is divided into two fquare compartments, each of which enclofes a quatrefoil with points. I. Firft leaf. Above, the Annunciation. The angel to the left holds a fcroll ; the Virgin to the right holds a book ; between them a tall lily in a vafe. Below, the Adoration of the Magi, the Child {landing on His mother’s lap careiling a bird. 2 . Second leaf. Above, the Nativity, with the angels and fhepherds. Below, the Crucifixion. The fword (not fpear) piercing the fide of the Virgin (landing on the left fide of the Crofs. (“ A fword fhall alfo pierce thine own foul,” Luke ii. 35 .) {885.) ’73- 339- T OP of a Circular Box. German. 15th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 225. ’67. (Maf- kell Cat., p. 86.) Diam. 4^ in. 314 FiSiile Ivory Cajis, The Almighty Father holding the dead and nearly nude body of the Saviour, \vhofe body is alfo fupported by a weeping angel. (886.') L.— COMBS. Nos. 887-902. ’ 73 - 340 . C OMB, with its Sheath. From Pompeii. Claffical. Original in the colledlion of Mr. Boocke. L. 4^ in., W. 2 in. The fheath is an oblong piece of ivory three-quarters of an inch wide, ornamented with fine incifed double lines and concentric circles of different fizes arranged in patterns ; the comb itfelf fitting into the fheath in the manner of modern pocket combs, but without a hinge, fo that the comb draws out of the fheath. The expofed handle of the comb is triangular, with the top rounded off, i J in. high, and is fimilarly ornamented with fine incifed flraight lines and concentric circles, arranged to form a pattern. A precifely fimilar comb is in the Etrufcan Room in the Britifh Mufeum. {887.) ’ 73 - 341 - C '^OMB, with a double row of Teeth. From Pompeii. ^ Claffical. Original in the colledion of Mr. Boocke. L. 5-1 in., W. in. Comb with a double row of teeth, between which is a central plaque 7.^ in. by 2 in. in fize. On one fide are fculptured the Three Graces, Handing well grouped together, and on the other Venus, armed with her fon’s quiver, riding in a car drawn by two lions, with Cupid for driver 5 a winged cupid flies towards her with a wreath ; a naked attendant playing on a lyre precedes the car, and two attendants walk at the fides of the lions. {888.) XXill COML OTT ,sT HERE BERT OF COLOQN E Ninih Century. ■ 'r B ; (i' ) special ObjeSis — Combs. 315 ’ 73 - 342. C OPY from a Caft of a Roman Comb. ift-4th century. Original in the Fejervary Colledlion, Mayer Mufeum^ Liverpool. L. 4^ in., W. 2f in. In the centre of this comb (with a double row of teeth) is an oblong fpace in. by ij in., in which are reprefented Jupiter feated, holding a fpear, with Mars and Mercury Handing at the fides. ( 348. T WO parts of a large Comb. Englifh. nth century. Original in the Britifh Mufeum, from the colledlion of Mr. Boocke. L. yf in., W. 5 in. This large comb, with two rows of teeth, was probably a bifhop’s ceremonial comb, and is faid to have been found in Wales. (Jl. Arch. Infl:., xi. p. 179 .) At one end is a fmall hook and eye for fufpenfion ; the other end is broken olf. The central part carved in open work, divided into three compartments, feparated from each other by two large lions’ heads. In the centre compartment are two figures ftruggling for a gigantic horn, one a man, the other a monfler with a man’s head, wear- ing a conical helmet with a nafal and a fifh’s tail. The two end com- partments with fcrolls and foliage. On one fide is an infcripton partly effaced, . . . IVD VVLT DI . . . . DEUS IHC • XPS. Figured, Mafkell Cat. Ivor., Introd., p. Ixii. (895^896.) ’58. 19. S EMICIRCULAR handle of the Comb of St. Lupus. French. 6th-i2th century. Original in the Treafury of the Cathedral of Sens. W. 4^ in., H. 3 in. 317 Special ObjeBs — Combs. In the centre of the femicircular handle is a deeply-funk fpace, in the middle of which is a conventional tree with a goat’s head at the top apparently eating the upper part of the Item ; on either fide a rampant lion, with two large acanthus leaves. Beneath, within the femicircular ornamented border is infcribed, in Lombardic capitals, the words PECTEN • * LUPI. The Tingle row of teeth of the comb arifes from the femicircular edge. Arundel Soc. Cat., V. i. { 897 .) ’73- 349. 350. B oth faces of the middle portion of a double-toothed Comb. German.^ 14th century. Original in the Mayer Mufeum, Liverpool. I. A friar in a hood and gown {landing in a fquare pulpit preaching to a row of females and a child, the foremoft female being apparently a nun, and another, feated behind a conventional tree, holding herrofary of beads in her hands. { 898 .) 2. In the centre an ornamental fountain, the water ifluing from the mouths of dragons. On either fide hand a lady and gentleman in con- verfation. To the right another gentleman prefents a rofe to a lady, and to the left a lady and gentleman are walking hand in hand. Very rude both in defign and execution. { 899 .) ’65. 1 18, 1 19. B oth faces of a double-toothed Comb. German. i6th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 2143. ’55. (Mafkell Cat., p. 5.) L. 5|- in., W. 5^ in. Comb with double row of teeth. In the centre is a tranfverfe piece, on which are reprefented three naked females {landing in front of two male perfonages near a fountain, at the foot of which one of them appears to be alleep. This can fcarcely be intended for the Judgment of Paris. At each end of the comb is an arabefque defign with Cupids {landing armed with a fquare {hield and fpear. { 900 .) Reverfe of centre part of the preceding. Bathlheba, {landing in a quadrangular bath almoft naked, complacently receives a gift prefented 3i8 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. by the meflenger of David, who looks on from the window of a tower* A female attendant holds the clothes of Bathfheba. Poor workmanfliip. { 901 .) ’ 73 - 351 - German. i6th century. L. 5-|- in., W. 6 \ in. Duplicate of one fide of the preceding comb. { 902 .) SECTION VIIL— POST-GOTHIC {RENAISSANCE) IVORIES. Nos. 903-942. ’ 73 - 35 ^- LAQUE. St. Sebaftian. North Italian. 15th cen- tury. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 219. ’65. (Mafkell Cat._, p. 49.) H. 9! in., W. 4f in. Figure of St. Sebaftian, carved in very low relief, nearly naked, having a fmall napkin round the loins, bound to a tree, to which his hands are faftened, in a rocky fcene. Photogr. Malkell Cat., 1. c. [903.) ’ 73 * 353 - D evotional Piece. Dead Chrift and Angels. Italian. 1 6th century. Original in the Britifti Mufeum. H. 9 in., W. 6 in. The dead body of Chrift fupported by two angels, carved in very deep relief (i| in.). The head of the Saviour has fallen upon His right fhoulder and on the neck of the angel to the left, who covers His wounded fide with a napkin held in her open right hand ; the left arm of the Saviour is thrown over the fhoulder of the fecond angel. The anatomical details are admirably reprefented. See, for inftance, the neck of the left hand angel, and the mufcles of the right arm of the Saviour pufhed forwards. This is one of the moft affedling groups ever carved in ivory. It is evidently the piece cited by Cicognara, worthy of the higheft ad- 320 FiBile Ivory Cajis. miration, as having been executed by the pupils of Valerio Vicentino and Giovanni Bernardi, of Caftel Bolognefe, and as having been formerly in the pofleflion of Count Coftanzo Taverna, of Milan. It was bequeathed to the Britifh Mufeum by the Rev. H. Crowe. Sir Digby Wyatt fays of it : “ In this fublime and beautiful work of art I recognize the ultimate perfedlion of cabinet carving in ivory, having never feen a fpecimen equal to it.” Figured, Cicognara, Storia della Scultura, tom. i. p. 512 , pi. 88 . “ E di un lavoro mirabile per la morbidezza della carni et la grazia della compofizione.” — Photographed in Lovell Reeve’s Stereofcopic Magazine, Sept. 1859 . [ 904 .) ’58. 46. L eaf of a Diptych. The Tree of JefTe. German. i6th century. Original in the colledlion of Albert Way, Efq. H. 7 in., W. 4f in. The Tree of Jeffe. Below, Abraham lying afleep on the ground, from his breail: fpring the roots of a tree, which, branching to the right, afcends to the top of the piece, where it terminates in a large flower, within which is inclofed the Virgin, crowned, holding her Infant in her right arm, and furrounded by a flamboyant aureola. Seated among the branches of the tree are fmall figures of the twelve patriarchs, crowned and holding fceptres. On either fide is a knotted ornamental border. [ 905 .) ’55- 53- L eaf of a Diptych. Emblems of the Virgin. German. 1 6th century. Original in the colledion of the Rev. Walter Sneyd. H. 7 in., W. 4f in. This piece is evidently the companion of the laft-defcribed cafl:. It is filled with the emblems of the Virgin Mary, who is reprefented flanding eredl in the centre with an ornamental nimbus, her hands clafped together on her breaft in prayer. Above, in the clouds amongfl: ftars, is feen the buft of Jehovah as an aged man, crowned, holding a globe furmounted by a crofs in His left hand. His right hand raifed in benediction ; beneath is a radiating glory. A long label extends acrofs the top, infcribed “ TOT A PVLCRA ES AMICA MEA ET MACVLA NO EST IN Pojl-Gothic [Renaijfance) Ivories. 321 TE.’’^ To the left are the following emblems with infcriptions, fometimes careleflly fpelt. i. The fun with feven rays, with label, “ ELECTA VT SOL.” 2. The moon (a round head and face with a crefcent), “ PVCRA VT LVNA.” 3. A caftle with open gate- way, ‘‘ PORTA CELL” — Genefis, ch. xxviii. 4. A cedar tree, “EPSAfATA (EXALTATA) CEdRVS.” 5. A well, “ PU- TENS . . . AqVAV • VIVENT.” — Canticl. iv. 6. Two rofes in blolTom, “ PLATACIO ROS.” — Eccles. xxiv. 7. A ftem with two branches, terminating in blolToms, “ VIRGA lESSE FLORVIT.” 8. Anenclofed fpace, “(H) ORTV CONCLVSVS.”— Canticl. iv. On the right fide are the following emblems : — 9. A ftar, “ STELLA MARIS.” 10. Three lilies, “ SICVT LILIVM INTER SPINAS.” II. An olive tree, “ OLIN(V)A SPECIOSA.” 12. A caftellated building, “ TVRIS DAVID CV PPVGNACVLVS.”— Canticl. iv. 13. A mirror, “ SPECVLVM SINE MACVLA.”— Wifdom vii. 14. An ornamental fountain, “ EONS (H) ORTOR(VM).” — Zachar. xiii. 15. A city with towers and various buildings, “ CIVI- TAS DEI.” This ivory may be compared with the engravings of the feventeenth century, republiftied by Didron, Ann. ArcheoL, vol. xxi. p. 357. Befides the attributes reprefented in the ivory, the following additional ones are introduced in the engravings: Templum fpiritus Sandli, i. Corinth, vi. Scala Jacob, Genefis xxviii. Eons puteus Domi Jacob, Zachar. xiii. Candelabrum cum feptem lucernis, Exod. xxv. Vitis abundans, Pfalm cxxvii. Civitas refugii. Numbers, xxxv. Corona exultationis, Eccles. i. Lilium diftillans myrrham. Platanus exaltata, Eccles. xxiv. Urna aurea habens manna, Hebr. ix. Aquaedu^Ius Paradifi, Eccles. xxiv. Mons domus Domini, Ifaiah ii. See alfo defcription of a fimilar picture in the Mufeum of BrufTels, in Journ. Archteol. Inft., vol. xviii. p. 215, by the author of the prefent catalogue. Figured, Didron, Annal. ArcheoL, vol. xxi. p. 357. { 906 .) 58. 51- T he outfides of two leaves of a clofed Diptych. French. 1 6th century.^ Original in the colledlion of M. Micheli. Each leaf, H. in., W. if in. ^ “ C’eft la feule reprefentation certaine de rimmaculee Conception.” — Didron. 30670. X 322 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. A fingular defign, confifting of eight fmall compartments inclofed within two twifted columns with ornamental capitals, from which fpring a circular arch extending acrofs the two leaves. The two upper angles are filled with bold foliage, amongfl: which appear the winged lion and bull. The two top compartments reprefent the Annunciation, the Vir- gin feated in the left compartment looking towards the left, with a dove flying towards her from that fide ; whilfl: the archangel kneeling, with outflretched wings, looks to the right, fo that it is only when the dip- tych is open and the leaves feen from behind that thefe two figures would come properly facing each other. 3 rd compartment. The Crucifixion. The head of the Saviour crowned, His drefs reaching to His feet ; to the left a kneeling figure. 4 . The Adoration of the Magi, the foremofl: of whom, holding his crown in his hand, kneels nearly prof- trate before the Virgin. 5 . Three male faints ; a bifhop with a low mitre and pafloral flaff, his right raifed in benediction ; a monk and St. Anthony. 6 . St. George on horfeback flaying the dragon. 7 . Abraham (?) crowned, feated, holding his cloak wide open, with three fmall figures kneeling before him, reprefenting the fouls of the faithful. 8 . Three female faints ftanding, the third being St. Catherine with her wheel. {907,) ’ 73 * 354 * P LAQUE. Italian. The Saviour and Apoftles. i6th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 271. ’67. (Mafkell Cat., p. no.) H. 4^ in., W. 5I- in. In the centre the Saviour, middle aged, with long flowing hair, flianding ereCt, bearing his long crofs. To the left St. Paul, {landing, holding his fword, and to the right St. Bartholomew with his knife ; St. John, youthful ; St. Peter, bald, with a fhort beard, and another apoflle. At the back three plain pilailers and part of an ornamented car. The nimbi of thefe figures are reprefented as lying flat upon the tops of their heads. {908,) ’58. 232. T riptych. Italian. The Crucifixion and other fubjeCls. 1 6th century. Original in the Chriflian Mufeum of the Vatican. Centre divifion, H. 4 in., W. 5^ in. Central piece. The Crucifixion of Jefus Chrift and the two thieves ; the body of Chrifl nearly flraight, with the head (without a nimbus) Pojl-Gothic {Renaiffance) Ivories. 323 refting on His right fhoulder, draped round the loins, no titulus nor fcabellum, and the feet crofTed. On either fide the Virgin and St. John, with hands elevated, covered by their hanging cloaks. Behind them the two thieves, their arms faftened over the back of the arms of the crolTes, with fhort breeches round the loins, their legs faftened with ropes and their feet refting on a large fcabellum. To the left a group of weeping figures, and to the right a group of aged Jews and foldiers. On the right hand wing the Virgin, feated and crowned, with the Infant ftanding (without a nimbus) on her knee. A company of eleven aged men approaching eredl and leaning on their ftaves. On the left hand wing Jefus Chrift ftepping out of the fepulchr^ holding a large banner in His right hand, over His fhoulder. On either fide is a tree of the moft conventional charadfer ; below, a group of fleeping foldiers, fome in helmets and fome in Chapelles de Fer, with body plate-armour, the arms and legs in fcale armour. The defign and execution of this piece is extremely rude and coarfe. {909.) ’65. 120. P LAQUE. Italian. Portion of a Heavenly Concert. i6th century. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 4690. ’58. (Mafkell Cat., p. 18.) H. 4 ^ in., W. 5 in. Bufts of two angels, with long flowing hair and oval plain nimbi, who are engaged playing on the violin and guitar. The heads of feveral other angels in the background. Figured, Cicognara, Sculture. {9i0,) 55- 54- P LAQUE. The flagellation of Chrift. German. i6th century. Original in the Britifti Mufeum. H. 9 in., W. 5i The Saviour is here reprefented as bound to a central column with a cloth round His loins, the head bearded and deftitute of a nimbus ; a figure to the right feizes His flowing hair and is about to beat Him with rods, as is alfo a fecond foldier to the left. Above are two other figures, one bearing a pair of pincers and rods, and the other, evi- 324 FiSlile Ivory Cajls. dently of a fuperior rank, holds a lantern. Above, in the angles, two cherub angels. Boldly defigned, the features and mufcles ftrongly marked. Arundel Soc., xiv. k. {9ii .) ’ 55 - 51 - P LAQUE. St. Jerome. Spanlfh ? i6th century. Original in the colledlion of the late J. G. Nicholls, Efq. H. 4| in., W. 3| in. St. Jerome in the defert, with a napkin girt round his middle, kneeh ing before a crucifix, the foot of which he holds with his left hand, his right holding a ball. Before him lies a lion ; a Ikull lies near the foot of the crofs. The cardinal’s hat and cloak hang on the boughs of a tree to the left. R udely defigned . (P / 2) ’58. 60. P LAQUE. The triumph of Death. German 1 6th cen- tury. Original in the Meyrick (Douce) Colledion. H. 4^ in., W. 9I in. A car, in the fhape of a large oblong box, on wheels, with four Ikele- tons hand in hand, carved on its fide, is drawn along by two bullocks, with rings in their nofes. A number of bodies lying on the ground, over which the wheels are rolling, including a king, a pope, a prieft, and many laity, male and female, young and old. Carved in low relief. (P/5.) ’ 55 - 5 ^* P LAQUE. A proceflion of mythological and facred perfonages. French. i6th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 4^ in.^ W. 8-| in. A proceflion of mythological and facred perfonages. Hercules with his fword, Samfon with the jaw-bone of the afs, Jofhua with his fword, Minerva with the head of the Gorgon (or poffibly Judith with the Pojl-Gothic [Renaijfance) Ivories. 325 head of Holofernes), Medufa, Apollo holding the fun in his hand (or poflibly Jofhua commanding the fun to ftand ftill), and feveral other perfonages. The workmanfhip is (hallow and the drawing rather poor. { 914 .) ’58. 234- B asso Rilievo. Male figure. French Late 15 th or 1 6th century. Original in the Mufeum of Nifmes. H. 7f in., W. in. An aged male figure with a curly beard and long hair cut fquare behind, wearing a large cloak and a cap, in front of which is a jewelled rofette ; he holds up his drefs with his left hand, and his right hand is raifed. Behind him is feen the upper part of the body and head of another aged and beardlefs afcetic-looking individual. Pofiibly part of a crucifixion group. The workmanftiip is broad and coarfe. { 915 .) ’58- 255- ART of a Circular Box. Italian. i6th century. Original in the ^ Colledion. H. 2^ W. 4-^ in. Four naked infants dancing, one of them holding a violin. Sculp- tured in deep relief, with much attention to the anatomical details. ’69. 62. T riptych. The Glorification of the Trinity. Italian. 17th century. Original in the Treafury of the Duomo of Monza. H. 7|- in., W. (when open) 9I- in. The Glorification of the Trinity. In the centre, above, are feated in the clouds, the Father and Son (half naked), on a rainbow, holding a globe. Above them floats the Holy Dove. Below and at the fides angels, attended by a number of cherubs, bear the crofs, fpear, nails, crown of thorns, and pillar to which the Saviour was bound. On the wings are the fun and moon and the four Evangelifts writing their Gofpels, attended by their fymbolical animals. ( 917 .) 326 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. ’ 73 - 355 - D rinking Cup of ivory, formerly belonging to Martin Luther. German. i6th or 17th century. Original in the colledlion of the late Lord Londefborough. H. 9|- in., Diam. at bottom 5^ in., at top 3 in. The furface of this tall drinking veffel is covered with arabefques of branches, foliage, and fruit, with fatyrs, and with three circular compart- ments at top and three larger at the bottom. In the three upper ones is reprefented (thrice repeated) the Agony in the Garden, Chrift kneel- ing before a rock, on which flands the cup, the three apoftles afleep below. In the three lower circles (thrice repeated) is the Laft Supper, Chrift with a radiating nimbus, and the twelve apoftles feated round a circular table, St. John with his head refting on our Lord’s breaft. On the table are feveral cups and plates and a large difti with a lamb lying in it, more like a child. Cherub angels occupy the otherwife vacant fpaces at top and bottom. On the cover is infcribed in decorated Gothic capitals of the period D.M.L., MDXXIIII. Figured, Wright and Fairholt, Mifcell. Graphica, pi. 2. {9i8.) ’58. 359. H andle of Hunting Knife. French. i6th century. Original in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. H. 4| in -5 W. in. The infant Neptune riding on a fea-horfe. The piece is narrowed and cylindrical in the upper part, for the eafier grafp of the hand. (P/P.) ’38. 257. ANDLE of Hunting Knife. French. Original in the ? Collection. 4I in. 1 6th century. H. 61 in., W. This piece is dilated at its broad end, where it has a femi-circular notch. Hercules with his club combating feveral fallen opponents. {920,) PoJl'Gothic [Renaiffance] Ivories. 327 ’58- 353. OBACCO Grater. French, the ? Colledlion. 17 th century. Original in H. in., W. in. A flattened plaque, on the outfide of which is carved in very low relief a merry Andrew with a viol-da-gamba. The lower part forms a grotefque head. {92i .) ’73- 356. P OWDER Flaik. Original in the bottom 2 in. Indo-Portuguefe } ? Colledlion. 17 th century. L. 4f in., W. at Portion of the curved end of a tuflc, with very rudely-carved fcenes of the Pallion in very low relief. The kifs of Judas, and the Soldiers in the Garden, one fallen to the ground in difmay. Chrift, bound, brought before Pilate ; the fcourging ; Chrift reviled and crowned with thorns ; Chrift bearing His crofs ; St. Veronica kneeling before Him with the vera icon, and the Crucifixion ; the faces of the fun and moon over the arms of crofs ; the three Maries ftanding and kneeling at the foot of the crofs. (922.) 'S5- 54 ^- S MALL Plaque for a Book Cover. German. 17th cen- tury. Original in the South Kenfington Mufeum, No. 620. ’54. (Malkell Cat., p. 2.) H. 3f in., W. 2^ in. A circle in the centre. Jefus Chrift feated, with a radiating nimbus, receives the cup from a male figure, who approaches with a cap on his head. Behind ftands a female holding a flagon, and another male perfon. A fmall label is infcribed “ De aquis mihi bibere p’ above the circle a female repofing among flowers, holding a chalice, and below a fimilar female holds a mafk. (923.) 357* S MALL Plaque. The Crucifixion. German. tury. Original in the ? Colledlion. W. 3 in. 17th cen- H. 04 4- -in., 328 Fist He Ivory Cajls. The Crucifixion, treated in a highly realiftic and admirable manner. The Saviour crowned with thorns hangs dead on the crofs, with His head lying on His left fhoulder, the body is but little bent, and the legs nearly ftraight, the feet eroded and pierced with one nail. A fmall napkin is tied round His loins. To the left ftand the Virgin and St. John in well exprefTed attitudes of grief. The titulus is inferibed INRI, and at the back of the foot of the crofs is lying a fkeleton. On the right fide an aged ecclefiaftic in a gown with long hanging lleeves kneels at the foot of the crofs, where lies his clofed volume ; an angel ftands behind him, refting his left hand upon the fhoulder of the fuppliant, and pointing with the forefinger of his right hand to the Saviour. Except that the head of the Saviour is too fmall, the proportions are admirable, the folds of the drapery well defigned, and the execution very careful. ( 924 .) ’58- 258. '“T^OBACCO Grater. French. 17th century. Original in JL the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. H. 8 in., W. if in. A flattened plaque formed in the outline fhape of a boor holding a bottle and glafs, the fmaller oval upper part forming his head. ( 925 .) ’58. 260. “OBACCO Grater. French. 17 th century, the Mufeum of the Hotel Cluny, Paris. W. 2f in. Original in H. loj in., A flattened plaque in fhape of an elongated vafe, on the front of which is reprefented Venus infl:ru6ling Cupid, in the centre ; below are buffs of a man and woman kifling each other. ( 926 .) ’60. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. F ive Large Panels. Bacchanalian fubjedls. Flemifh. About 1625. Originals in the Mufeum of the Louvre, Paris. Each H. to 6 in., W. about 1 in. Pojl-Gothk [Renaijfance] Ivories. 329 Bacchanalian fubjecls, admirably carved in deep relief by Gerhard von Opftal. I. Infant fatyrs and nymph. 2. Triton and nymph with infants. 3. Infant Bacchanals playing with a goat. 4. Infant Bacchanals and Silenus. 5. Centaurs carrying off a nymph. (927-93i.) ’73- 358 - P LAQUE. Diana and attendants. Italian. 17 th cen- tury. Original in the Colledlion. H. 4 -|- in., W. 6\ in. In a beautifully defigned fylvan fcene Diana is feated on the ground to the right, with her bow and quiver of arrows, her hound fitting by her fide, near her a nymph partly immerfed in water, and to the left and in the middle two groups of nymphs undreffing to bathe. A moft lovely compofition, executed with the utmoft delicacy. School of Fiammingo. {932.) ’55- 78-83. S IX Plaques by Fiammingo. Italian. Early 17 th century. Originals in the South Kenfington Mufeum. Each H. 4 |- in., W. 6 in. Thefe fix moft exquifitely defigned and fculptured pieces are con- fidered by many competent judges to be unqueftionably the work of Fiammingo. They reprefent ruftic fcenes in which naked children and juvenile fatyrs are the chief performers, i. Children and young fatyrs playing with an afs, which is endeavouring to rife from the ground with its legs bent under it, fome of the children trying to fcramble upon its back ; a young fatyr holds a wine vafe ; an infant is trying to drink out of a cup which another is endeavouring to take from him. 2. Children with a bafket of fruit, others with a wine vafe and cup, others making a proceflion with mufical inftruments, the foremoft of which attacks a fallen child (holding a fnake in her hand) with a flageolet. 3. Children at play round a wine vat, into which one is fcrambling, others gathering grapes or bringing bafkets of grapes to the vat ; to the right two are ftruggling for a large wine vafe, from which one lying on the ground appears to have partaken too freely. 4. Children playing with a goat, one of them fitting on the ground attempting to frighten the animal 330 FiBile Ivory Cajis. with a large mafk. 5 . A male centaur fupports the head of a fhe goat lying on the ground, a child fucking its udder, other children play with the horns of the goat, or play on a long curved horn and on a drum. 6 . Silenus afleep is bound round the legs and arms with wreaths by children ; others are drinking from a wine veflel, or playing on a horn ; a nymph holds a fmall objedl to the mouth of the fleeping figure. A fet of gems of art. { 983 - 938 .) ’58. 2,5^. P LAQUE, Satirical, upon Orator Henley. Englifli. i8th century. Original in the Meyrick (Douce) Collecflion. H. 3f in., W. 4^ in. A fatirical piece in the manner of Hogarth. Interior of a dilTenting chapel. To the right a pulpit formed out of a barrel. The preacher is a goodly perfonage (Orator Henley), with gown and bands and a curly wig, having a fox’s head growing at the top of his own, furmounted with a large coarfe malk. The clerk in a fquare pen below touches his nofe with his forefinger. In front of the preacher is infcribed, “ Let thofe not columniate who cannot confute.” The audience, in three tiers, is compofed of feveral figures, fome evidently portraits, others with horns or monftrous nofes, &c. ; before them a bear flanding on its hind legs. On a graveftone forming part of the pavement is infcribed Here ly . . . body of Col. Chari [ 939 .) ’73* 3S9- S MALL Plaque. German. 1 7 th~i 8th century. Original in the,: ? Colledlion. H. if in., W. 3^ in. A group of Dutch boors engaged in playing at cards ; to the right one ftands eredf with his hands behind him. To the left one pulls down his flocking to hunt for fome troublefome vifitor. Shallow work, but full of fpirit. ( 940 .) ’ 73 - 360, 361. T WO fides of a Card-cafe. Hindoo. i8th century ? Original in the colledion of Mifs Barwell. Each H. 3f in., W. 2f in. Pojl-Gothic [Renaijfance) Ivories. 331 1. St. George on horfeback fpearing the dragon beneath his horfe’s feet amongft trees and rofettes, the background entirely diapered with fmall foliage. Above, two fheep fitting at each fide of a central bufh. 2 . A female Indian divinity, with the body of a deer and the breaft and head of female with a quadruple tiara. She holds in one hand a vafe in front of a tree growing out of a larger flower-pot, furrounded by branches with leaves and rofes. Above, a juggler playing a kind of flageolet to a cobra with its head ere61:. 942 .) ’73. 446. S MALL Flafk or Scent Bottle. German. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 4^ in., diam. of centre, if in. The body of this little bottle is carved in a very fpirited manner with a flag hunt, the figures on horfeback being fcarcely an inch in height and in very deep relief. The fcene is reprefented in a wood, the trunks of the trees and foliage being minutely treated. [ 943 .) 73 - 434 - D rinking Cup. German. i6th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 1 6 In., diam. at top, bottom, in. ; diam. of circular ftand, 5 in. This tall flender cup is divided by gilt bands into five compartments. Each of the two upper divifions contain thirteen narrow plaques, each with a ftanding figure of a knight or lady clad in the quaint ftyle of Albert Durer, feveral being infcribed Caifer Gains, Englandt, Rex Davit, Germania, Franckreich, Julius Cefar, Jofue ; each of the two middle bands are ivory cylinders on which are five knights in armour, feparated from each other by highly ornamented pedeftals with arabefques, and the bottom band and the flat bafe is ornamented with foliage and branches in very low relief. ( 944 .) ’73. 440. S TATUETTE Group. The Rape of Proferpine. Ger- man. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 17 in., W. 6 in. 332 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. This very excellently carved group reprefents the centaur nearly eredl: on his horfe-like hind legs grafping Prolerpine who has thrown up her arms in an agony of defpair ; Cupid, as a child crying, is feated on the ground beneath the horfe’s legs. The mufcular anatomy of thefe figures is finely developed. [945,') >3* 477* G roup from the Rape of the Sabines. German. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 7^ in., diam. 5 in. A moft admirably modelled group of a naked Sabine feizing a female, the bodies of each greatly bent, with the mufcles moft carefully developed. The original muft be one of the fineft pieces of ivory carving in exiftence. [ 946 .) >3- 487- G oblet and Cover. German. 1 8 th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H., with cover, 19 in., diam. of the bowl, 4^ in. The body of this excellent goblet is ornamented with mythological fubjedls : Bacchus, crowned and girt with grapes, and attendants ; Ceres with cornucopia, (heath of corn, and fruit ; Diana and Endymion with his hound, carved in deep relief. The ftand formed of an elegantly carved male and female ftatuette, and the bafe is ornamented with fifties and fea monfters. The cover is formed of a kneeling female figure, the bafe of the cover being covered with birds fighting in violent adbion. • [ 947 ,) ’73. 488. C ylindrical Veflel. German. 17th century. Ori- ginal in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 6 \ in., diam. 8^ in. This large vefTel (which may have been intended for a tankard) is “Covered with groups of naked male and female figures in various attitudes, with birds, dogs, fruit, &c. The figures are elegantly defigned, and executed with great (kill. [ 948 .) Pojl-Gothic [Renaijfance] Ivories. 333 ’73. 489. G oblet, carved in very deep relief. German. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 6 in., longeft diam. at bottom, 6 in., fhorteft ditto, 4^ in. This goblet is ornamented with amorous lUbjecSls carved in very high relief : Leda and her fwan, Jupiter with the eagle and Danae, &c. The workmanfhip of thefe full-length naked figures is very excellent. { 949 .) J ’73. 490. OBLET. German. 17th century. Original in the J Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 6 in., diam. at bottom, 5 in. The triumph of Bacchus, riding on a goat with attendant fatyrs, nymphs (rather too plump in figure), and fauns. The handle is formed of a nymph bent backwards fupported below by a fatyr. { 950 .) ’ 73 - 491- G oblet. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 7 in., diam. at bottom, si in- This cup is ornamented with the triumph of Neptune, bearing his trident reverfed, who is feated within a large fhell drawn by fea-horfes. Cupids and fea nymphs with male attendants and fifties complete a very fpirited group, carved in very high relief, and undercut in many parts. { 951 .) 73. 492. C UP. German. Latter part of 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 3 in., diam. 2f in. 334 FiSiile Ivory Cajis. The body of this cup is ornamented with a boar hunt in a wood- land fcene, the boar being brought to bay by four horfemen and dogs. The drelTes are comparatively modern, and the execution very neat. { 952 ,) ’ 73 - 493 - G oblet. German. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 4 in., diam. in. This elegant little cup is carved with reprefentations of Diana or Atalanta and her nymphs receiving the boar’s head offered by Meleager, feated, who is attended by his fervants and followed by a fawn. { 953 ,) ’ 73 - 499 - C ircular Cover of a GoWet. German. 17th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. Diam. 4f in., H. A group of three naked female figures and three children feated around a central mafs of fruit of different kinds, which they are eating. The varied pofition of the figures and their anatomical details are carefully made out in this elegant group. { 954 ,) SUPPLEMENTAL FICTILE IVORIES. ’73. 366 a, b, c, d, e,f. IX Pieces of a Runic Cafket. 9th- nth century. Northern. Original in the Mufeum of Brunfwick. H. of entire cafket, 5 in., width of front, 5 in., depth, 2f in. The front of this very interefting cafket is divided into twelve Imall fquare compartments, each of which is filled with a monftrous animal, the tail of which is elongated into a long interlaced ribbon pattern arranged circularly ; the back is divided into only fix larger fized compartments, five of which are occupied with pairs of fimilar monftrous beafts, whilft the fixth is filled with the remarkable fpiral pattern of Irifti MSS. and metal work. The fides and top are fimilarly ornamented with beafts with long interlaced tails, fo that the whole cafket appears to be covered, as it were, with knot work. The bottom of the cafket is plain, but is furrounded by a raifed border, on which is a runic infcription twice re- peated, which has been tranflated by Profeflbr Stephens of Copenhagen, “ Nethii carved this for the moft noble ^li, in Montpellier, of Gaul.’* Several other readings have been given of this infcription in the Kil- kenny Journal, one of which would refer the cafket to the fixth century, and to a Northumbrian origin. Figured, Stephens and Nefbitt in Journal of the Kilkenny Archaeo- logical Society, vols. iv. and v., new feries, 1863 ; Stephens, The Old Northern Runic Monuments, vol. i. pp. 378, 891 ; Weftwood, Miniatures and Ornaments of Anglo-Saxon and Irifh MS., p. 15 1, pi. 53, Fig. 8. { 955 - 960 .) 336 FiEiile Ivory Cajls. ’ 73 - 442 - T he Cafket of Cunigunda. loth-iith century. Ori- ginal in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. Square, lo^ in., H. 5 in. A quadrangular cafket, the body of oak inlaid with ivory, with gilt mountings. The top is divided by two diagonal bands ornamented in the middle and at the angles with the heads of monftrous animals, and with a circular jewel in the centre, the four triangular fpaces thus formed being filled in with morfe-ivory carvings reprefenting birds and lacuftrine animals carved in very low relief and much interlaced. Each of the four Tides divided into three fpaces by metal bands, each fpace filled with a plaque of fimilarly fculptured morfe-ivory. The bodies of thefe dif- ferent animals are cut into fmall fquare or circular knobs by tranfverfe crofs-cutting of the furface. The metal work is ornamented with fhallow incifed interlaced lines, very much refembling the later Irifh illumina- tions, whilfl the animals have very much of a runic charadfer, greatly refembling the carved runic ftone found near St. Paul’s, London. Weftwood, in Journ. Arch. Inftitute, vol. x. p. 82 . (96i .) C ASKET. German. 14th century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. L. 8f in., W. \\ in., H. 2f in. Ivory cafket with gilt metal mountings. On the top are four com- partments. On the top is reprefented, in three of the compartments, the Adoration of the Magi, and in the fourth is a female faint ; none of the figures have the nimbus. The front, back, and fides are ornamented with fubjedts of chivalry, a knight and a lady tilting at each other, the knight in full chain armour with fquare ailettes at the fhoulders ; a knight galloping away from a caftle holding a lady in front of him, his hawk feated on the horfe’s head ; a knight on horfeback, with fpear fet, chafing a flying horfeman who has difcharged an arrow from a bow, &c. The workmanfhip is rather coarfe. (962.) Supplemental FiSlile Ivories. 337 ’73- 513- C ASKET. French. 15 th century. Formerly in the col- ledion of Count Gleichen at Gotha, now in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. L. 6 j- in., W. 3 This cafket is compofed of fixteen ivory plaques united by tranf- verfe gilt metal bands, each plaque ornamented with trefoiled and crock- etted arches. On the top are, i, St. Catherine with her wheel and St. John Baptift holding the lamb ; 2, St. Agnes crowned, with her lamb at her feet, and the pilgrim St. James ; 3, The Annunciation ; and 4, the Prefentation of Chrift in the Temple. On the front are, I, The Birth of Chrift ; 2, Jofeph feated, and an angel playing on a cithern ; 3, another fimilar angel and a crowned figure ; 4, The Adora- tion of the Magi. On the back are four plaques, each containing two ftanding figures of Saints Peter and Paul and other faints. At one end are two plaques, one with St. Martin dividing his cloak with the beggar, and St. Barbara efcaping out of the back of a monfter ; and at the other end the Coronation of the Virgin by Chrift ; Chrift with raifed hand fhowing His wound, and two figures holding the implements of the Pallion. The groups are in the ordinary ftyle of the period, and the execution not firft rate. { 963 ) ’73* 441* P LAQUE. German. 9 th-ioth century. Original in the Bavarian National Mufeum, Munich. H. 7 in., W. ' 4i in- The Vifit of the Three Maries to the Tomb. Here the three females approach hefitatingly, without cenfers in their hands, towards the angel feated at the bafe of the elegantly ornamented temple ferving as the tomb of Chrift ; one of the guards ftanding to the left with his fpear over his fhoulder, the other afleep, with his head refting on his clofed arms upon the lower part of the tomb, the upper part of which forms a circular dome fupported by an elegant arcade with rounded arches and heads in circular panels ; above which is a tree with the branches completely undercut, and two birds feated among the foliage. In the upper part to the right Chrift afcends a fteep hill fupported by the hand of the Father extended out of a cloud, and beneath his feet lie two of his difciples on the hill fide. 30670. Y 338 FiEiile Ivory Cajis. Figured, Mittheilung. d. k. k. Centr. Commiffion, Wien, vol. vii. p. 87 , and Forfter, Denkmale, vol. vii. ; alfo by Mrs. Jamefon, Hiftory of Our Lord, vol. ii., p, 263 , where this ivory is doubtingly referred to the 5 th or 6 th century. In feveral important refpecSIs this curious ivory ftrongly reminds me of the little Fejervaiy’ ivory of the Afcenfion, to which alfo a very early date has been applied. See ante^ p. 107 , No. 244,. {964.) ’73- 367 - S TATUETTE. Virgin and Child. Englilh.? 14th cen- tury. } Colledlion. H. 9 in., W. at bottom, 4i in- The Virgin feated on a plain ftool or chair without a back, but with a narrow top edge ornamented with rofettes. Her head is covered with a veil, which hangs down to the fhoulders, and is encircled with a narrow band acrofs the forehead. Her gown or cloak is large and loofe, in very ample folds, and fhe tenderly holds with both her hands her Infant suckling to her breaft. Although the lower part of this ftatuette is too malHve, the upper part of the two figures is full of tendernefs. {965,') ’71. 38 and 38^. T WO Portions of the Sheath of a German Hunting Knife. 17th century. Original in the National Bavarian Mu- feum, Munich. L. of each portion, 5f in., W. i in. In the centre of each portion is a fmall oval fpace enclofing a fpirited figure of a huntfman, armed with fpear and gun, attended by his dogs ; the remainder is covered with graceful arabefques of branches, foliage, and fruits. {966.) ’72. 59. O VAL Reliquary, known as that of St. Cordula in the Cathedral of Cammin in Pomerania. Scandinavian ? loth-iith century. L. 2 ft., W. i ft. 2 in., H. ii in. in the centre. Supplemental FiSiile Ivories. 339 This “ hochft merkwiirdiger Reliquienkaften,” as it is called by Kugler (Kl. Schriften, i. p. 782), is compofed of bone plaques, poffibly of fome antediluvian animal, with llightly incifed ornaments of a Runic charadfer, united by metal bands with animals’ and birds’ heads in full relief and bold defign. On the cover are ten plaques of various fizes, and around the body of the reliquary are five plaques on each fide and one at each end (22 in all), their fizes are alfo different ; but each is ornamented with figures of long-bodied monftrous animals with long tails interlacing with their legs and bodies, and terminating in rude foliations ; the bodies covered with fmall fcales produced by crofs hatching ; the general defigns greatly refembling thofe on the Runic graveftones of Sweden and Scandinavia, and evidently by the fame hand^ as the plaques of the cafket of Cunigunda. [Ante No. 961.) Defcribed^ by Kugler, ut fupra, (967.) ’ 7 ^. i2,g. L eaf of a Diptych. French. Early 14th century. Original in the Mufeum of Tournay. H.’6^ in., W. 3^ in. Two compartments feparated by a plain bar, each furmounted by Gothic trefoil and crocketted arches. In the upper is the Refurre61:ion, Chrift ftepping with his right foot out of the tomb, which extends acrofs the piece with a flat top. A female figure (or angel without wings) (lands on each end of the tomb with hands elevated in prayer. In the lower is the Flagellation of the Saviour, who is tied by his wrifls to an upright and flender column. On either fide is an attendant with arms raifed about to inflidl a fevere blow with the fcourge in his hands. (968.) 73 - 494 - O blong Plaque, with rounded ends. Italian. 17th century. Original by Fiammingo, in the National Bavarian Mufeum, Munich. L. 7^ in., W. 3^ in. A group of naked infants, admirably carved in very deep relief, play- ing with monkeys ; the centre one fitting upon the back of a fallen afs ; one of the children playing on the bagpipes, and another defending himfelfwith a cymbal againfl one of the monkeys. (969.) 340 FiSiile Ivory Cajls. ’73- 495 > 49 ^> 497 ’ 498. F our oval panels. Italian. 17th century. Originals by Fiammingo, in the National Bavarian Mufeum, Munich. Each 5 in. long, 4 in. wide. Each of thefe panels contains groups of naked infants at play in different attitudes in very deep relief ; fome are dancing or playing on pipes or with dogs. The grouping and execution are extremely fpirited. ( 970 ^ 973 .) ' 73 - 431- O VAL Salver compofed of numerous Plaques. German. 17th century. Original in the National Bavarian Mufeum, Munich. L. 2 ft. 9^ in., W. 2 ft. 3|- in. This magnificent falver or difh has a central oval plaque or fhield, with figures of Romulus and Remus with the wolf, furrounded by eight fhield-fhaped plaques with fcriptural, mythological, and romance defigns. Sufanna and the elders ; David playing on the harp and feveral groups, in which a male or a female figure is thruft into a well. The rim is compofed of eight plaques, alfo with mythological, agricultural, and martial fcenes. The whole of admirable defign and execution. { 974 .) ' 73 - 43 ^- C HANDELIER, or Luftre, with four branches. 17th century. Original in the National Bavarian Mufeum, Munich. H. i ft. 8 in., W. of branches, 2 ft. 10 in. The centre pendant part is ornamented with fruit and flowers with a mafk and fawn’s head in high relief, the four branches are flender and Ample in defign. The original is faid to be the work of Maximilian Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria. ( 975 .) [To face p. 34 I. j THE SO-CALLED CHAIR OF ST. PETER. In St. Peter’s, Rome. APPENDIX. IVORIES IN CONTINENTAL MUSEUMS AND COLLECTIONS. IVORIES IN IT ALT. St. Peter’s, Rome. HE Ivory Chair of St. Peter, preferved in its magnificent rome. shrine at the back of the reredos of the altar at the weft end of the Bafilica, is quadrangular in ftiape, the width acrofs the front being nearly 3 ft., and the height of the front to the top of the bar which fupports the feat being 2 ft. ij in. The upright back (behind the feat) is formed of four open rounded arches, above which is a triangular pediment. The upright fupports of the ftdes of the front, the tranfverfe bar which fupports the front of the feat, the fide fupports of the upright back, and the bafe and two flanting fides of the terminal pediment are ornamented with ivory arabefque carvings of fcroll patterns with foliage, amongft which are centaurs, men, and animals, with mafks in the centre. In the centre of the bafe of the triangular pediment there is alfo introduced the buft of an emperor crowned, which has been confidered from the like- nefs to his miniatures to reprefent Charles le Chauve. The front part of the chair below the feat is filled in with a feries of eighteen fmall fquare ivory plaques, feparated from each other and furrounded by narrow borders carved in different patterns. The fubjedls in thefe fmall plaques (which have been placed careleflly on the chair, fome being even turned upfide down), are twelve of the labours of Hercules, and fix of the conftellations, viz., Pifces, Hydrus, Scorpio, Lepus, Erida- nus and Cetus. In the ftyle of their workmanftiip thefe little plaques correfpond with the Byzantine cafkets of the loth or nth century, efpecially fuch as thofe defcribed above. Nos. 558, 559, 560, 563, and thofe in a calket in the facrifty of the cathedral of Volterra, as well 342 Appendix. ROME, in the cafket in the church of St. Peltrudis at Cividale, figured in the ST. Peter’s. Mittheilungen der k. k. Central Commiflion,” vol. iv. pi. x., in all of which feveral of the labours of Hercules are in fa 61 : introduced. The fubjedf of thefe plaques has led to much fpeculation on the part of Catholic writers, who, fuppofing them to be of the age of St. Peter, have fuggefted that the chair was in its prefent condition as a fecular chair ufed by Pudens, and given by him to St. Peter, or that the ivory carvings have a lymbolical allufion to the works of St. Peter, and his numerous vidlories over the gods of the pagans. (Foggini, De Rom. Itin. Petri; Cortefii, De Rom. Itin. Geftifq. Princ. Apoftol.) Figured, Nefbitt, Vetufta Monumenta, 1870; Northcote, Roma Subterranea ; Weftwood, in Parker’s Rome, vol. ii. In one of the facrifties on the fouth fide of the nave of St. Peter’s, are fix Byzantine ivories, containing full-length figures of faints, affixed to the wall. Ivories at the Vatican. ROME. The colledlion of ivories in the Mufeum of the Vatican is of con- THE fiderable extent, and is divided into two portions. ATICAN# A. The Antique claffical and mediaeval fecular ivories in the Mufeo Profano, at the northern extremity of the gallery of the library. B. The religious pieces contained in the Mufeo Criftiano, at the fouth end of the fame gallery. A. The claffical and fecular ivories are very important. The chief are, — A figure of Jupiter feated on the back of an eagle with wings extended, attended by two amorini, one of which holds a vafe to the eagle. A very fine head of Jupiter. Jupiter attended by two female figures. A figure of Mercury holding the thyrfus. A female feated with an eagle (landing in her lap, with a cupid ftanding to the left. A piece about in. fquare, with a remarkably fine eagle. Another eagle, of fmall but very beautiful work, in high relief, ftanding facing the fpe6lator, with wings half expanded, garlands and ribbons at its feet. A very beautiful ftatuette of Diana holding a bow, with a dog running beneath, ftarting for the chafe. Ivories in Italy. 343 A head cut out of a folid block of ivory (6 in. by 5 in.), the profile rome. extremely beautiful, the eyes now hollow were probably originally of filver. A buft of an emperor in femi-relief, evidently a portrait. Six or eight fmall bufts of excellent workmanfhip, including one of Minerva in fcale armour, with the head defended by a helmet. A portion of a remarkable group of a triumphal car drawn by four horfes, in very high relief, clofely refembling the baf-relief of Marcus Aurelius on the flairs of the Capitol Mufeum. An early piece about 'i\ in. fquare, here mifplaced, with a figure of Chrifl, young and beardlefs, flanding between two looped-up curtains, with a plain nimbus and a long robe hanging loofely from the fhoulders, his left hand extended acrofs the breafl. J) A poet, with a mafk and a book, in incifed lines. Various groups of fatyrs, nymphs, fawns, amorini, fome of them entirely in the flyle of the carvings on the farcophagi. Several draughtfmen of large fize, marked with fmall concentric rings. A number of ivory dolls, feveral of the befl of which are cut into two parts. An oval Etrufcan piece, W. 4 in. by H. 3 in., reprefenting a female feated giving milk to a cow from her breafl, above which is a vulture. Several mirror cafes, one reprefenting two lovers playing at chefs. Another with two lovers feated near a tree, at the foot of which is a vafe like a lion’s head, in which lies a human head, to which the lovers point ; a figure of cupid feated in the tree. Another with the Murder of the Innocents. Defcribed above from a cafl, No. 875, p. 310. There are alfo feveral writing tablets with love fcenes, and many bone pieces of North Italian work, portions of cafkets wdth fcenes of romance hiflory. B. The following are the chief of the Christian Ivories. 1. Cylindrical pyx, of the early Chriflian period, with the miracles of the raifing of Lazarus and the healing of the blind and the paralytic. Cafl defcribed above. No. 770, p. 273. Photographed by Simelli, in three parts. Photographs of Early Chriflian Antiquities. 2. The great book-cover, with the youthful Chrifl treading on the lion and bafilisk. Cafl defcribed above. No. 117, p. 51. Gorius, Thes.*Dipt., iii. pi. iv. j alfo beautifully photographed by Simelli, ROME. THE VATICAN, 344 Appendix. The manufcript, of which this forms the front (the back being a com- paratively modern filver-gilt plate reprefenting the crucifixion), contains the Gofpels of St. Luke and St. John, “ litteris aureis quadratis, membrana purpureo et coeruleo lineatim illita colore, exaratus.” It formerly belonged to the monaftery of Lorsch, near Mayence, founded A.D. 763, and from a note at the beginning of the volume it was “ Renovatus ac ligatus, A. 1079,” ^7 orders of the Abbot Eber- hard, by I. de Sillingeftat, vicar of Worms. From hence it palTed into the Bibliotheca Palatina, and thence to the Vatican, where it bears the No. 50, and is afcribed to the 9th century. (D. Giorgius De Liturg. Rom. Pontific. tom. ii. tab. iii. p, 135.) We have, however, here no proof of the date or origin of the ivory cover of the volume, or that it is contemporary with the writing of the manufcript. The book cover of the South Kenfington Mufeum (Mafkell, p. 53), appears to me from a careful examination of the two originals, as well as of calls of them, to have been executed by the fame hand as the Vatican ivory. T'he former has been afcribed to the 9th century, and confidered as Carlo- vingian. I have, however, felt inclined to confider them as two or three centuries older, and as Italian work. Certainly I know no Carlovingian illumination or carving which can be compared with these pieces. 3. Large triptych, Byzantine, loth or iith century. The centre part of this magnificent triptych is 10 J in. H. by 6 in. W., and is divided into two compartments by a bar acrofs the middle, the latter inclofmg five circles, each with the bull of a faint. In the upper compartment Chrift is feated on a grand quadrangular chair, with the back carved like the Ravenna chair, but ftraight at top and with a richly ornamented cuftiion. The head is encircled with a gemmed cruciferous nimbus ; the right arm is enveloped in the outer robe, leaving only the hand expofed, which is raifed in benedidlion ; the left hand holds a fplendidly-bound book on His knee, the feet clad with fandals reft on a footftool, the front of which has a row of fmall rounded arches ; on either fide of the chair ftands an angel with hand upraifed and open in adoration, and at the fides the Virgin and St. John with open hands. In the lower compartment are five ftanding figures of Sts. James and Andrew, St. Peter holding a roll and with the fore- finger of his right hand raifed, St. John (Theologos), and St. Paul with a remarkably high forehead, each of these two holding a book. On each wing are reprefented, above, two warrior faints, and below, two faints holding fmall crofles, feparated by a continuation of the middle bar with two bufts of faints on each. ^ 345 Ivories in Italy. The back of the central piece of this triptych is ornamented with a large and very fplendid gemmed crofs, furrounded by a beautiful ara- befque defign of foliage and rofettes with birds refting in the branches, and on each volet are four full-length figures and two bufts of Greek faints, quite fimilar to the Berengarius book cover at Monza. I'he proportions of the figures, efpecially in thofe of the front central group, which are cut in very deep relief, are too attenuated. They are not correctly reprefented (in this refpeft) in the two large plates of the front and back fides given by Gorius, Thes. Dipt., iii. plates 24 and 25; a photograph of the front is contained in the Simelli feries. 4. The Rambona diptych, with Romulus and Remulus. Caft defcribed above (p. 56, Nos. 127 and 128). Gorius, Thes. Dipt., iii. J) pi. 22. 5. The very rude piece with Chrift feated with St. Protafius and St. Gervafius below, and cherubims and feraphims above, confidered by the Abbe Montault to be of “ authenticite douteufe.” Simelli Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries, No. 131. Gorius, Thes. Dipt., iii. p. 69. From the Monaftery of “ St. Michael de Muriano Venetiarum.” Above defcribed from caft (p. 55, No. 125). 6. Byzantine panel, H. 6^ in., W. 5 in. The Birth of Chrift. iith century. The Virgin repofes on a carved bed or mattrafs in the centre, above which, on the top of an oblong box-like manger, the Infant lies fwaddled, the heads of the ox and afs appearing above, and a ray of light defcend- ing on the head of the Child from a ftar ; over the head of the angel is infcribed, H reNNHCIC> above which is a low tree ; three angels regard the fcene from above. Below, Jofeph, aged, looking towards the left ; to the right, Salome and Anaftafia are dipping the Infant into a vafe. The left of the piece is occupied by a winglefs angel, directing the attention of a ftiepherd towards the ftar ; feveral ftieep and goats below. A plain raifed border round the plaque. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 69. 7. Plaque of a book cover? 9th or loth century. H. 5 in., W. 3f Two compartments. In the lower, the birth of Chrift. The Virgin fits on a mattrafs on the ground to the right ; to the left Jofeph feated, the manger in the middle with the heads of ox and afs ; above are feen the bufts of four angels and of three ftiepherds. In the upper compartment an angel facing the fpedlator fits (to the left) in ROME. THE VATICAN. ROME. THE VATICAN. 346 Appendix. front of a building with a circular dome (the fepulchre ?). To the right the two Maries kneel before the advancing Saviour accompanied by two angels. A tree feparates them from the feated angel. * V ery much worn. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries, No. 126. Two fmaller plaques of very poor work, 17th century?, reprefent- ing St. Peter ftanding and holding a large key with a conical cap or mitre, and St. Philip ftanding fideways, holding a crofs, with conical tops, have been fixed at the fides of the piece laft defcribed. 8. A Byzantine plaque, H. 5^ in. by W. 3I in., 12th century. Chrift ftanding holding a book, and with His right hand raifed in beriedidlion, with the Virgin and St. John Baptift under a low flat canopy. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 138, f. B. 9. A Byzantine plaque, H. 7J in. by W. 5I in., iith or 12th century. A warrior Saint (Theodore, patron faint of Venice, martyred 7th February, A.D. 319), infcribed vertically with the letters partially con- joined, — O A ©eOilOOP. 0 o-TPATHXaTl[H]C — clad in armour with a large cloak and long fword (his fpear and long kite-fhaped fhield refting on the ground), ftanding with both hands raifed and open in prayer, beneath a plain rounded arch refting on lateral fluted columns, knotted in the middle. The upper part of the fhield bears a fmall rofette, and there are three abbreviated oblique bars on the right fide of it in the middle. Simelli, Photogr. 10. Front of book cover. H. 9J in., W. in. In the centre is an extremely rude reprefentation of the Crucifixion, the crofs ftanding on a mound of ftones, with a face (or fkull beneath the fcabellum), the Virgin and St. John ftanding at the fides. Above the head of Chrift is the buft of an angel holding a globe and a crofs, and at the fides above the fun and moon perfonified. The broad border is occupied with 12 circles, containing as many heads of faints, and with the Evangelical fymbols at the four angles. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 127. 1 1. Back of a book cover. Companion piece to the preceding. The Virgin feated holding the infant Chrift on her lap. On either fide is a cherubim ftanding on a wheel ; defcending from the clouds above is feen the buft of an aged bearded figure with outftretched arms, in- tended for the Creator. The broad border is occupied by twelve circles with bufts of faints, and four angels at the corners. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries,^ No. 128. Ivories in Italy. 347 The Abbe Montault obferves of this book cover ‘‘ Authenticite tres douteufe.” It appears to me that it is by the fame wretched artift as the Chrift with St. Protafius "and St. Gervafius, above defcribed, No. 5, p. 125, the Virgin and Child, and the cherubims with their wheels, being clearly copied from the upper part of one of the leaves of the Rambona diptych. 12. Front of book cover. H. 9^ in., W. in. In the centre an oblong plaque, with large coarfe open cut fcroll work and foliage, in the middle of which is an oval metal tablet, with the Lamb of God bearing a crofs with a banner, the head with a cruciferous nimbus. The broad border is filled with circular or oval tablets, containing ten half-length figures of female faints. At the angles are the four Evangelical fymbols. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 129. 13. Back of the fame book cover. Companion piece to the laft defcribed. The centre metal tablet has the figure of an angel with outftretched hands. At the angles are the bufts of the four Evangelifts writing their gofpels, and the borders have half-length figures of the Prophets. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 130. The Abbe Montault alfo obferves of this book cover, Authenticite douteufe.” It is evidently the work of a modern artift, and there is confiderable eafe and grace in feveral of the figures. 14. Five plaques, each H. 3 in., W. 2J or 3 in. Spanifh Gothic, r5th or 1 6th century. Ten fcenes of the Pallion and Refurreftion (two in each plaque), cut in openwork, with filk backgrounds, under rounded trefoiled arches, the pediments above which form low triangles, with perpendicular lateral pilafters. The groups are : i. Chrift bearing the crofs. 2. Chrift being nailed to the crofs (a vigorous group). 3. The crucifixion. 4. 'Fhe depofition from the crofs. 5. Chrift ftepping out of the fepulchre. 6. Chrift fetching Adam and Eve out of the jaws of Hades. 7. The afcenfion (the feet of Chrift only vifible beneath the clouds). 8. The defcent of the Holy Ghoft, thirteen curved flames defcending from the mouth of the dove upon the Virgin and apoftles. 9. Death of the Virgin. 10. Coronation of the Virgin. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 139 and 138, f. E. and F. 15. An elegant triptych. French? 14th century. In the central piece a beautiful figure of the Virgin ftanding, holding the Infant on her left arm, the right hand holding a rounded flattened ROME. THE VATICAN. Appendix. flower. An angel from above places a crown on her head. Above is a plain trefoiled Gothic arch, furmounted by a plain angular pediment, from the outer bafal angles of which three rofes quite detached on their items are produced. On the two volets are two angels ftanding under fimilar arches holding tapers, and two fmaller ones fwinging cenfers, Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 132. 16. Four leaves of a polyptych (centre piece of the Virgin and Child gone), now arranged as a quadriptych. H. 7! in., W. 51 in. French. 14th century. Each leaf with two compartments, the upper part of each forming a trefoiled arch, furmounted by a triangular pediment, with quatrefoils in the upper angles: i. The vifit of the angel to Elizabeth. 2. The meeting of Elizabeth and the Virgin. 3. Jofeph feated. 4. The Virgin and new-born Babe, a lamp hanging from above. 5 and 6. The offerings of the Three Kings (to the wanting Virgin and Child). 7 and 8. The Prefentation in the Temple. The top of each leaf forms a trefoiled and crocketted pediment, enclofing a figure holding two crowns. The back- grounds are diapered in colours, with ftars, rofettes, fleurs-de-lys. Excellent workmanfhip. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 133. 17. Sixteen fmall plaques, each about 2j in. in height by ij in. in width, arranged in four rows vertically, fo as to form the four wings of a quadriptych, containing fcenes of the Hiffory of St. Anne and the Virgin from the offering in the Temple to the Birth of Chrift and the offering of the Magi. Flat poor work. i6th century. Each under a deprelTed arch. Simelli’s Photographs of Early Chriftian Antiquities, Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 14 1. 18. Late Gothic triptych. i6th century ? In the centre the crucifixion of Chrift and the two thieves. On the left wing Chrift ftepping out of the tomb ; on the right wing the Virgin and Child and eleven difciples. Caft defcribed above. No. 909, p. 322. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 138, f. i. 19. Gothic tablet. 14th century. H. 5. in., W. 3 in. Four compartments, each furmounted by a canopy of three trefoiled and crocketted arches. Below : i, the Adoration of the Magi ; 2, the Prefentation in the Temple. Above : 3, Chrift ftepping out of the tomb, on which two angels are feated, the foldiers lying below afleep ; 4, the Noli me tangere. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 138, f. 4. 20. Plaque. H. 4J in., W. 4 in. Chrift feated beneath a flattened ogee arch, with a cruciferous nimbus, His feet on a footftool. Ivories in Italy. 349 holding a book in His right hand. His left hand raifed in benedi 61 :ion, rome. the firft, fecond, and fourth fingers extended ; on either fide, a Handing faint. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 140. VATICA^ 21. Diptych. French. Early 14th century. Each wing, H. 6 in., W. 4 in., each divided by thin ftraight bars into fix fmall nearly fquare compartments. The hiftory commences at the bottom left hand and is carried acrofs both leaves. i, the Annunciation, with the dove and a lily in a vafe between the archangel and Virgin ; 2, the Virgin lying on a bed fuckling the Infant, Jofeph fits near the foot of the bed ; 3, the Offering of the Three Kings, the ftar above the head of the Virgin ; 4, the Prefentation in the Temple ; 5, the Crucifixion, with the Virgin and St. John, the body of the Crucified greatly bent ; 6, the Embalment ; 7, Chrift, attended by two angels, ffepping out of the farcophagus-like tomb ; in front below are the two guards in armour afleep ; 8, the Noli me tangere ; 9, the Afcenfion, the feet of the Saviour only vifible in the clouds above ; 10, the Defcent of the Holy Ghoft, the Dove of a gigantic fize ; ii, the Trinity, the Father as an aged man feated in the middle holding His Son as a fmall child on His lap, the Dove defcending out of His Father’s mouth, enclofed in a lozenge-fhaped fpace, the four evangelical fymbols in the corners ; 12, Chrift feated in glory, with uplifted hands, an angel on either fide holds the crofs and fpear ; alfo a queen and a man in a ftiort drefs, both kneeling ; below, under an arch on which the Saviour’s feet reft, are two other fmall feated figures, and two under two fmaller fide arches, in a low kneeling pofition. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 134. Didron, Annales Archeol., vol. xxvii., 3rd livraifon, tab. annex. 22. Diptych. French. Late 14th century. Each wing, H. 6 in., W. 4 in., each divided into two compartments, each of which is fur- mounted by a Gothic trefoiled crocketted arch. The fubjedls are : I. The Birth of Chrift, the Virgin refting on a low bed with her head raifed on her right hand, holding the hand of the Infant, who lies below near the head of the bed, the ox and afs lying on the ground beneath, and Jofeph, aged, fitting near the foot of the bed. To the right, the angel with a long fcroll appearing to a ftiepherd tending three flieep. 2. The Offering of the Three Magi, the foremoft of whom kneels and offers a round cake marked with a crofs to the Infant. 3. The Crucifixion. To the left, the feinting Virgin and two attendants; to the right, St. John and two Jews. 4. The Coronation of the Virgin by an angel in the clouds, her hands raifed in prayer to Chrift, feated with her on a long bench, two angels bearing long tapers. Very good work. Simelli, Photogr., Mr. Parker’s feries. No. 135. ROME. THE VATICAN. 350 Appendix. 23. A precife copy of the remarkable fmall RulTo-Greek piece in the Soane Mufeum, defcribed above from Caft, No. 234, p. 10 1. 24, 5, 65 7. The two elaborately-fculptured circular faucer-fhaped panagias with their covers, defcribed above from Cafts, Nos. 226, 227, 228, and 229, pp. 99, 100. Photographed by Simelli, Mr. Parker’s feries, Nos. 72, 73. 28. ChelTman ? Small ftatue of a bifhop feated, with his right hand held upwards, palm outwards, in benedidtion, the thumb and firlf and fecond fingers extended. He wears a femi-oval mitre, with a bar down the middle. On either fide is an attendant, one with a book, the other with a cup. Very rude work. 29. The head of a paftoral ftalF, the volute terminating in a ram’s head, emitting foliage from its mouth. Defcribed above from Caft, No. 744, p. 263. 30. The head of a paftoral ftaff, the volute terminating in the head of an animal with a mane, defcribed above from Caft, No. 743, p. 262. 31. A circular plaque, about five inches in circumference, entirely open cut, like a wheel with eight fpokes, forming the labarum with the addition of a central horizontal bar, the central upright bar formed into a P ; the bars or fpokes are alfo pierced with fmall circular and fquare holes. 32. A narrow oblong Byzantine piece, L. in., H. in., with bufts of faints. 33. A Ruflb-Greek plaque, 3 in. by 2^ in., in two compartments. Above, Chrift feated in the middle, the Virgin ftanding to His right, and three other faints, all full length ; below are four other faints and biftiops of the Ruflb-Greek church, with their names infcribed above them. 34. A fmall plaque, 3^ in. by 3 in., containing three rows of fcenes of the early life of Chrift, feparated by bars, each bearing a row of fmall circular pellets ; at the bottom St. Nicholas dividing his garment. The figures are very fhort in their proportions and very deeply cut, although rudely executed. Englifh work ? 35. A fmall polyptych, centre piece, 5 inches high by if wide. The Virgin feated with the Child ftanding on her knees, taking an apple out of her hand ; very graceful, but the proportions rather too long. On the four volets are fcenes relative to the early hiftory of Chrift, in very low relief ; figures very flender, hands fmall. Ivories in Italy. 351 36. Byzantine plaque, I2th century. 4 in. by 4 in. Lower portion of the fcene of the Afcenfion, the Virgin ftanding under a tree in the centre, with fix difciples ftanding to the right, and an angel and four difciples to the left. 37. Ruflb-Greek plaque. 4 .^ in. by 3J in. Four compartments. I. Six half-length faints looking to the left. 2. Six minute groups of the Transfiguration, Crucifixion, Afcenfion, Defcent of the Holy Ghoft, and Death of the Virgin. 3. An angel and fix faints, full length. 4. Six half-length figures of faints. 38. An ivory of the Vatican, reprefenting a bark (Chrift), with pilot (St. Peter), and three fiftiermen (three apoftles), was originally defcribed by Buonarotti “ Medaglioni ’’ (p. 396), thence partially copied by Bofio. Only two fiftiermen feen in his figure, which only reprefents part of the ivory. Garrucci, “ Deux Monum. des Premieres Siecles,” Rome, 1862, p. 28. There are a number of other fingle plaques and diptychs ' of fmall fize of the Gothic period, with the ufual fcenes of the life of Chrift and the Virgin, under decorated arches and Gothic canopies, feveral of which are photographed by Simelli in Mr. Parker’s feries. Nos. 136 and 137, as well as feveral pieces of the bone work of Northern Italy. None of thefe, however, offer anything very remarkable in their details. Ivories at the Biblioteca Minerva, Rome. I. Book cover. Byzantine. Two leaves, each 9^ in. by 5^ in. One leaf. On one fide is a beautiful crofs, the centre forming a rofette, with foliated rofettes at the ends of the four limbs. On the other fide are two compartments ; the upper with Chrift (ftanding on a footftool with a double row of pearls), holding a book in the left hand, the right hand railed in benedidlion. On either fide ftand the Baptift (with the head flghtly bowing down and the hands flightly extended, infcribed o A ICO O nPA), and the Virgin with hands alfo extended. Acrofs the centre of the piece is the infcription, without any fpaces between the words : — -CH nOPEI XEIP KAI rAT of which n j r -r 1 1 XT DUOMO. calts are defcribed above, Nos. 42, 43, p. 14. Two leaves of a diptych of a mufe and a poet or philofopher, of which cafts are defcribed above, Nos. 21, 22, p. 6. Comb of Queen Theodelinda in the treafury of the Bafilica. Plain ivory, covered with gold filigree and gems. Figured, Burges, Journ. Arch. Inft., vol. xiv. p. 16. Ivory carved open-work, with interlaced ribbons or branches and foliage (evidently Byzantine) fixed on the cover of the Sacramentarium of St. Gregory. Given by Berengarius (crowned king of Italy 888- 915 ?) Quite fimilar to the central part of the back of the great Vatican ^ triptych. Gorius, Thes. Dipt., iii. pi. 24 and 25 ; Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftriels, Album, Sculp., pi. 8. Triptych, North Italian bone work. Defcribed above. No. 401, P- 179- Diptych of the death and coronation of the Virgin. Defcribed above. No. 402, p. 179. Triptych of the Trinity. Defcribed above. No. 917, p. 325. Ivories at Monza.— Conf, Labarte, Arts Induftr. vol. i. ; Du Som- merard. Arts Moy. Age, vol. iii., text; Didron, Ann. Arch. (Melanges, vol. xxi.) and the Didlionaries of Texier ;(Art. Couvertures, &c.) ; Martigny (Art. Diptyques) and Guenebault (Art. Sacramentaires). Pavia. A large fized retable. 14th century. In the church of the Char- pavia. treufe. Figured, Labarte, Arts Induftr. and text ; Conf., Labarte, Arts Induftr. vol. i., texte. The Monastery of La Cava. Sacristy of Church. A cafket, with fmall plaques of very excellent work, in the ftyle of la cava. thofe on the chair of St. Peter at Rome. Arezzo. In the Public Museum. A Byzantine cafket, nth century, compofed of fmall fquare plaques arezzo. with fingle figures feparated by rows of rofettes like thofe of St. Peter’s chair. Cafts defcribed above. Nos. 558, 559, 560, 563. Plaque with lion devouring a bull. Defcribed above, p. 228, No. 587. 30670. A A 370 Appendix. VERCELLI. SALERNO. THE CATHE- DRAL, BRESCIA. NAPLES. NATIONAL MUSEUM. Vercelli. Cathedral (?). Tablet, with fcene of a morris dance. Top of a calket (?). 15th century. Burges in II. Archaeol. Inftitute, xiv. p. 75. Salerno. Sacristy of the Cathedral. An ivory carving reprefenting the death of Ananias. Very fimilar in dehgn to the fame fubjedl in the great Brefcia cafket. Lubke, Grundrifs Kunftgefch., 4th Aufl. 254; Eng. tranfl., i. p. 312; Mitth. d. k. k. Centr. Comm., Wien, May 1872, XVII. p. 68. Plaque with bull of a male figure. Defcribed above. No. 134, p. 59. Ten Byzantine plaques. Defer, above. Nos. 203-212, pp. 91-94. Two pieces with ornamental foliage. Defer, above, Nos. 339, 340, p. 154. Brescia. Diptych of Hippolytus and Phoedra. Defer, above. Nos. 18, 19, p. 5. Conf, Martigny, Didl. Antiq. Chrdt. (Art. Diptyques). One leaf of the Lampadiorum diptych. Defer, above, No. 38, p. 12. Diptych of Manlius Boethius. Defer, above. Nos. 47 and 48, p. 16. A very early calket with feenes of the life of Chrill and adls of the Apoftles. Defer, above, Nos. 90-94, pp. 33-38. Naples. National Museum. Amongft the clallical ivories, the following are efpecially noticeable : A marvellous figure of Atlas fupporting the Globe. in. high. (The feet broken off.) A llatue of Hercules, about 4 in. high. The right hand reffing on his hip, the left fupporting the Ikin of the Nemean lion. Several flat Plaques. in. high by ij in. wide. With female figures. (Parts of a box.) The body of a very beautiful llatuette of Venus. (The head, arms, and lower parts of the legs wanting.) 5^ in. high. An oval Plaque. Mercury, feated, receiving a ferpent from a youthful female who flrands before him. Two or three heads, one of Silenus, 3 in. high, in excellent pre- fervation. Ivories in Italy. 371 A head, feen fideways, with two fhort horns fpringing from the forehead. Of the Chriftian and Gothic periods, the moft important are : — No. 1190. Cafa Farnefe. Old No. 1055. — A Plaque. 7^ in. high by 5 in wide ; containing a delineation of the fcene of the woman of Samaria and Chrift at the well. The Saviour ftands at the left fide of the piece, beardlefs, with His right hand flightly raifed in benedidlion ; the left, covered with his robe, holds a ftiort crofs. To the right is the circular well, with the water bucket fufpended at the mouth by a rope from a crofs-bar fupported by two uprights, which terminate above in a roof-like cone. In front of the well is a large banded pitcher with a fhort narrow neck and two fmall curved handles. To the left of the well ftands the female energetically difputing with the Saviour ; above her head rifes a tree. At the back is an aged male figure with mode- rately long pointed beard. Above and below is a narrow border with the tranfverfe lozenge and fmall ball pattern. This piece agrees in ftyle with the Brera piece of Chrift healing the blind and halt, and probably like it, was one of the lower pieces of the back of the Ravenna chair. No. 1185. A Byzantine Plaque. 5in. high by 4 in. wide. The Crucifixion below a flat perforated dome refting upon narrow twifted columns at each fide. The head of Chrift is bent down towards His right fhoulder ; the crofs of the nimbus is pearled, the body is girt round the middle, the feet nailed apart, refting on a footboard. A fkull appears at the foot of the crofs. To the left ftands a beautiful fide figure of the Virgin, with the hands raifed and open. To the right, St. John with his right hand extended, his left holding a book to his breaft. No. 1319. Triptych. 8 in. high. French Gothic, 14th century, of very good workmanfhip. In the centre, in two compartments under plain trefoiled arches are the coronation of the Virgin by Chrift, with an angel above : and below a ftanding figure the Virgin with the Infant on her arm, and two angels ftanding at the fides. On the wings above are two angels holding candlefticks, and below are the three Magi and the Prefentation in the Temple. No. 1209. A femi-ftatuette group of the Coronation of the Virgin by the Saviour. 13th or 14th century. 5 in. high. Very ftiff*. No. 1210. A Mirror Cafe. 4 in. in diameter. A lady and gentle- man in amatory parlance, fhe holding a hawk ; each has a band round the head. An attendant holding a horfe. No. 1225. A Chefs Queen. 3^ in. high. Seated on a chair holding a fir cone in her hands. She wears a low crown with triple leaves, the hair long and plaited ; a cloak over the (boulders reaching to her feet. NAPLES. NATIONAL MUSEUM. J A A 2 372 Appendix. NAPLES. NATIONAL MUSEUM. FABRIANO. THE POSSENTE COLLEC- TION. No. 1201. A fine ftatue of Chrifi: bound with His hands behind Him, one of the jailers kneeling at the right fide. 1 1 in. high. Figure of Chrifi: as the Good Shepherd. Spanifh (?). i6th century (?). Nos. 1204, 1206, 1207, 1212, 1214, 1215, 1216. Detached pieces of Italian bone cafkets of ordinary workmanfliip. The Possente Collection at Fabriano. This Mufeum was formed by the late Marquis PofTente, having occupied a period of fifty years in its colledlion, and it was bequeathed by him to his heirs on the exprefs condition of never being broken up, but kept as an heir-loom, and in the cafe of failure of heirs that it fhould become the property of the town. It is preferved in the Cafa PofTente, and occupies three rooms ; one of large fize is entirely occupied with ivory carvings and fculptures of every age, ftyle, country, and objedl to which the material could be applied ; guns, fword-handles, tables, chairs, boxes, powder-flafks, bijou-boxes, mufical inftruments, chefTmen, faddles, picture frames, hunting horns, bows and arrows, cups, and even a bed. Its great flrength, however, confifts in cafkets and firatuettes, efpecially of the 17th and i8th centuries. Of the former there are at leaf! a fcore, many ornamented with the carved bone-work fo common in Northern Italy in the 14th century. There are flill more cups and vafes of various fhapes, whilfi: crucifixes and flatues of faints are almofi: endlefs. There is a fmall collection of Indian and Chinefe ivory-work, including feveral of thofe balls which inclofe a large number of fmaller ones. Of diptychs and triptychs of the 14th and 15th centuries there is a confiderable number, chiefly of French origin, with canopy- work above the figures. One of thefe, of large fize, with fcenes of the hiftory of the Virgin defcribed below, is the mofl: important, containing reprefen- tations of various fcenes which do not occur in any other ivory carving with which I am acquainted. Here is a poor fac-fimile of the grand Barberini imperial femi- diptych with an emperor on horfeback ; alfo a fac-fimile of the large piece in the Vatican Mufeum, containing a reprefentatlon of the Cruci- fixion, furrounded with bulls of faints, which is in all probability a modern fabrication (an opinion fhared by feveral of the befi: Roman archaeologifls). An evident copy of one leaf of the diptych of FI. T. Clementinus in the Fejervary (Mayer) ColleClion, has been carved on a convex piece of ivory 8 in. high by 6 in, wide, keeping the natural curve of the tooth, with the fliar-like monogram furrounded by the letters KAeMHNTV, and having on each fide a border of vine leaves and grapes. Ivories in Italy. 373 Here, too, is a triplicate of the Creation of Adam and Eve (aaam O nPOTOnXACTOC) and the Murder of Abel, in the Douce (Goderich) and Darmftadt Colledfions, and even a duplicate of the curious figures of Adam forging at an anvil and Eve blowing the bellows, and of Adam hiding his face (aAAM nOT h), which occur on the great Darmftadt cafket. The moft important plaques are the following : A reprefentation of the Miracle of the Loaves and Fifties, 5 in. fquare, by the very remarkable artifl: of the lOth or nth century who fculptured the piece reprefenting the Woman taken in Adultery in the Fejervary Colle 61 :ion. In the centre, above, Chrifl: is feated, with a full-face and uplifted hands, the nimbus emitting ftiort rays forming a crofs ; below are three figures holding feven bafkets, the remainder of the compofition being filled with figures and heads eating fifti and fmall lumps of bread. Another exquifite piece is a Byzantine ivory, in. high by 4^ in. wide, of about the nth century, with a funk panel, having the bufl; of the Virgin with the Infant Saviour with gemmed nimbi in a circle in the centre, furrounded by a narrow circular openwork border of a lozenge pattern, and with buffs of Saints John Baptift:,^ Peter, Paul, and Thomas at the angles, their names infcribed in Greek, and round the raifed border is the legend — + PRESULIS IMPERIIS BERTOLDI CLAUDITUR OMNIS TEXTUS EVANGELII REDIMITUS HONORE DECENTI Engraved in Gorius, Thes. Dipt., vol. iii., App., p. 21, pi. y-tfig-fup. A copy of both leaves of the Trevulzi diptych, figured by Gorius, vol. ii. pi. xviii., and now referred to the Conful Areobindus. A Byzantine plaque, 5 in. by 5 J in., reprefenting the Birth of Chrift, in a fquare funk panel, nth or 12th century. The Virgin lying on a large curved pillow, the Child feen above with the ox and afs. Rays of light defcend from above and reft: on the Child. Two angels fland on the left fide above, and one on the right beckoning to Jofeph (?) flandino; below. In the middle at the bottom Salome and Anaftafia are dipping the Infant in a vafe ; Jofeph with a nimbus feated to the left. A fine French diptych, 14th century, each wing being 8 in. high by 5 in. wide, containing fcenes of the life of the Virgin in three rows, feparaicd by bars ornamented with fmall rofettes including the birth and death of the Virgin, the bier carried, with a fmall figure of a man hanging 1 The contia6llon given of this name was read by the editor of the Supplement of Gorius as Intended for St. Andrew, O A nPOTO( KAHTOS), the holy firll: called.” I, however, read itdiftinajy O A IX O frP(OAP0M02), FABRIANO. THE POSSENTE COLLEC- TION. FABRIANO. THE POSSENTE COLLEC- TION. 374 Appendix. from it, the body of the Virgin carried to Heaven on a fliroud by angels, with females {landing below playing on various inftruments of mufic, and her coronation by Jefus Chrifl. h naked figure of Chrifl: as an infant, 19 in. high, with the right hand elevated in benedidlion, holding a flag with the left hand, and {landing on a globe. 1 3th century. A beautiful ftatuette of the Virgin {landing and holding the Infant on her left arm, the drapery beautifully arranged. 1 3th century. A noble ftatueof St. John the Baptill, 17 in. high, clad in a camel’s hair robe, holding a long rod with a crofs and the Agnus Dei in his left hand, his hair long and flowing. 13th century. A fmall piece, in. fquare, divided into twelve compartments with fcenes of the life of Chrift, very minute. A rude figure of the ox, winged, partly open cut, with the infcription* S • : • LV[cas]. 12th century. Four fmall plaques, each 2^ in. fquare. i. Chrift bound to the pillar and fcourged. 2. Crucifixion. 3. Taking down from the Crofs. 4. Depofition in the Tomb. Carved in deep relief. 14th century. A beautiful figure of St. Sebaftian in high relief, pierced with arrows, faftened to a tree, but in the a£l of falling. A very beautiful figure of Chrift on the crofs, of late work, with wonderful expreflion, 25 in. high. Alfo a late reprefentation of Leonardo da Vinci’s Laft Supper, 15 in. by in. A faucer-{haped RuflTo-Greek Panagia of very good work, flightly concave, having the Virgin and Child in the centre, within a lozenge- {haped fpace, furrounded by a circular infcription and twelve fmall circles, each containing the bull of a faint. The heads of two paftoral ftaves, each with the lamb in the centre, holding a crofs, the volutes terminating in ferpents’ heads, one with the mouth open as if about to attack the lamb, in the other the head is deflexed and turned away. A fmall circular mirror cafe with rude animals at the corners, 4 in. in diameter, reprefenting two pairs of lovers crowned by ladies. 14th century. A femi-circular piece, with Chrift feated, holding a book, the right hand raifed in bcnedi£lion with the firft and fecond fingers extended ; a rofette and alfo leaves at the bottom of the foot-ftool. yj- in. by \\ in., apparently recent. Three copies of the group in the Naples Mufeum. Chrift {landing as the Good Shepherd, with a lamb on His flioulder (above in one is 375 Ivories in Italy. feen God the Father with a triple crown). Below is a confufed mafs of fmall figures, with a fountain and the Magdalene lying beneath. Spanifh work? 1 6th century. A frame or piece of a calket, with fourteen flat Byzantine pieces, each containing figures feparated by rows of rofettes. A cylindrical Pyx with battles of fauns and human figures, one warrior in a car drawn by panthers, another armed with bow and arrows, and another with a club with a curved knob at the end. A ChelTman of very large fize, of Eaflern work, reprefenting an elephant with his rider feated in a chair on its back ; the elephant has overthrown a man and horfe in front \ at the fides are two other fmall elephants attacking men and horfes. In the ftyle of the Charlemagne chefTmen in the Louvre. A feated figure of a German emperor, 7 in. by 3 J in. wide, wearing a large bonnet, and having four fquires kneeling at his fides. Back of a faddle, with carving of two armed warriors on horfeback, with helmets having the vifors clofed, and carrying fpears. The entire margin is carved with foliage in the flyle of the 12th century, in which men and animals are introduced in very deep relief. A fplendid head of Jupiter carved in foflil ivory, found in Ruflia. It is II in. high and 8 in. acrofs the ftioulders. A Byzantine plaque (7 in. by 6 in.) of very good workmanfhip, reprefenting the Crucifixion, the Saviour draped round the loins, with the feet apart refliing on the fcabellum, two fmall bufts of angels above the arms of the crofs ; the mournful Virgin and St. John fl:and at the fides of the crofs, and at the feet of the latter an ecclefiafl:ic kneels holding a book. Plaque, 1 1 in. by 6 J in. The Crucifixion of Chrifl: and the two thieves. Above are two angels, with the fun and moon feen with full faces, and a flar above the top of the crofs. An angel is alfo feen above the top of each of the two thieves’ crolTes ; at the fides of the crofs of Chrift are the fponge and fpear-bearer, the Virgin below embraces the feet of the Saviour ; there is alfo a fkull at the foot of the crofs, and at the bottom are two figures on horfeback facing each other (a moft unufual treatment), and a group of figures {landing on each fide. A curious piece, i|- in. fquare, with the bull of a young Roman foldier incifed in fine lines of the claffical period. A group of four female figures, carved in very low relief, in a row, each in. high, with very flat heads and long robes. Early Greek or Etrufean. FABRIANO. THE POSSENTE COLLEC- TION. A triptych with a difproportionately tall figure of the Virgin, the head very fmall, holding a diminutive figure of the Infant on her left arm. n 376 Appendix. FABRIANO, THE POSSENTE COLLEC- TION. FLORENCE. THE BARGELLO. and a fceptre in her right hand. On the very narrow wings are the Adoration of the Kings and the Prefentation in the Temple (7 in. high). One of the rooms is occupied with inlaid, engraved, and incifed ivory- work (none of which appears to be more than two or three hundred years old), forming pidlures of various fizes, whilft another room is filled with fmall carvings in wood, amber, mediaeval glafs, exquifite needle- work (reprefenting fcenes of Bible hiftory, treated as fmall pidlures), marble mofaic work, fmall lacquer wares of various kinds, cameos (the opening to the fireplace is even decorated all round with a beautiful feries of the laft-mentioned objedls) ; works in coral, beautifully carved, are alfo in confiderable numbers. Amongft the wood-work are fome exceedingly elaborate devotional tablets and crolTes of the RufTo-Greek church, and a large piece containing a moft extenfive feries of illuftrations of Old Teftament hiftory, in narrow compartments, the figures fcarcely more than one-third of an inch in height. Florence. In the Bargello. Plaque, 4 in. by if in. Chrift ftanding eredl beneath a rounded undercut and ornamented arch, refting upon two columns with foliated capitals. The left hand raifed and open, the right hand holding a crofs ; over the arch is an eagle with extended wings ; fymbols of the evan- gelifts at the angles ; the relief of the figures moderate. Diptych. 14th century. French Gothic. Each leaf 6 in. high by 4^ in. wide, has four compartments, each of which is furmounted by two trefoil arches, the fubjedfs being, — The Afcenfion, The Annunciation, Pentecoft, The Nativity, The Crucifixion, Offering of the Magi, The Women at the Sepulchre, and The Entry into Jerufalem. Semi-ftatuette. The Virgin feated holding a flower in her right hand, the Infant ftanding on her left knee. 5J in. high. Oblong plaque, 64 in. high by 2 in. wide. In the upper part a faint holding a bell and leaning on a tau-ftaff. Below is a queen crowned, with her hands united in prayer ; the lower part injured. An arched piece, 6 ^ in. long, and about ij in. deep, in five com- partments, with fcenes of the Paflion, coloured red-brown. A fmall mirror cafe, 2^ in. in diameter. Four monfters on the rim. A knight kneeling before a lady, who gives him a circular wreath. Triptych, 4^ in. by 3^ in. French. Late 15th century. In the central piece the Crucifixion under three plain round arches fur- mounted with Gothic tracery. An angel holds a cup to the wound at the fide of the Saviour, The Virgin and two attendants to the left, and 377 Ivories in Italy. St. John and two Jews to the right. On the left wing St. Denys Florence. carrying his head. On the right wing a bifliop-faint and a male kneeling the figure (for whom the triptych was made). bargello. Leaf of writing tablet, 3 in. by 2 in. I'liree ladies in long gowns Handing beneath hanging drapery. A hunting horn, about 16 in. long, with a row of beafts round the mouth and longitudinally arranged ftrips, with the fame kind of figures extending down the whole length of the horn, and with a flowing arabefque pattern with leaves. Florence. Sta. Maria Novella. In the facrifty. A Triptych of Italian bone work. In the upper part of the centre is the Crucifixion ; on the left is a figure raifing the right hand ; on the right is a foldier with a long pointed fhield. In the lower part the Virgin and four faints. In the upper part of the wings are the Noli me tangere, and Chrift appearing to the women, and in the lower part are four faints in pairs. FLORENCE. STA. MARIA NOVELLA. Palazzo Pitti. Colle6Iion of ivories. (See Official Catalogue ; Murray, Central palazzo Italy, 5th edit. ; Labarte, Hifl. d. Arts Indufiriels, vol. i. texte. pitti. Florence. In the Uffizi. Conf. Labarte, Arts Induftr., vol. i. ; Martigny, Didl. Antiq. Chret. Florence. (^Art. Mappa). the No. 1512. The entire leaf of the Diptych of the Conful Anicius ^^fizi. Bafilius, with the quadriga race (defcribed ante^ p. 25, No. 71). 2256. A cylindrical Pyx, about 3 inches high. The Offerings of the Magi. The Virgin is reprefented as feated on a high round backed chair, like that at Ravenna, the top of the back being rounded, apparently of wicker work. The Virgin holds the Child in her lap, who holds a fmall crofs eredl. The three Magi approach, one after the other, with Hooping bodies, and wearing Phrygian bonnets, their arms outHretched, holding their gifts in flattened vafes. 95. An ivory box, 20 in. long, 8 in. wide. On the top, under four rounded arches, are buHs of St. John, St. John ChryfoHom, the Virgin (mp 0V), and IC XC in rather low relief and with narrow faces, fepa- rated from each other by broad rows of rofettcs. In the front, beneath fimilar arches, arc SS. Matthew, Philip, Simon Zclotcs, Jacobus and ^ Andreas, feparated and furrounded by rows of rofettes ; the ends with / ? fimilar figures of other faints. 378 Appendix, FLORENCE. THE UFFIZI. PERUGIA. MUSEUM OF THE ACADEMY. LUCCA. NOVARA. Plaque, 6 in. high by 3I wide. French Gothic. 14th century. Two compartments, each furmounted by four trefoiled arches. Above, the Crucifixion, the fpear from the right fide of Chrift pierces the fide of the fainting Virgin. To the right, St. John and feveral Jews. Below, the Nativity, the Virgin lying on a couch occupying nearly the whole of the defign ; under which at the left hand corner, the Infant lies in a crib, with the afs and ox ; above are Jofeph with an angel and two fhepherds. Ivory comb, in. long by 4 in. wide, with the ftory of Sufanna in three fcenes. In the left Sufanna in the bath furprifed by the two Elders. In the middle Sufanna, guarded by two foldiers, kneels before the judge. In the right the two Elders bound, kneeling, are being killed by two foldiers. Perugia. Museum of the Academy. The head of a paftoral ftaff of ivory. The volute ends in the head of a ferpent with open jaws and outftretched tongue, and within is a large fized lamb, much injured. A mirror cafe of large fize with four monfters round the rim. Above are a gentleman and lady playing at chefs, a youth to the left holding a hawk ; below, the lady and gentleman are riding out hawking. Two ivory cafkets, one partly painted. A fmall polyptych, in the centre a {landing figure of the Virgin, holding a flower with one hand and the Child with the other. He holds an apple in His hand. Lucca. In the Metropolitan Library. The firfl diptych of Areobindus. Defer, above. Nos. 51, 52, p. 17. Novara. In the Duomo. Two leaves of a Roman confular diptych, without infeription. Defcribed above. Nos. 74, 75, p. 27. Labarte, Arts Induflr., vol. i., texte ; Martigny, Di£t. Ant. Chret. (Art. Diptyques) ; Guenebault, Di£l. Iconogr. (Art. Lilies Epifcopales). Novara. In the Basilica of San Gaudenzio. A confular diptych without inferiptions, containing on each leaf the bull of a conful giving the fignal for the games of the circus. NOVARA. Ivories in Italy. 379 Bobbio, In the Treasury of the Monastery. The late Canon Rock mentioned to me the exiftence of a very dark coloured pyx preferved here, which is, I prefume, identical with that “ Sacra teca eburnea,” figured by Bottazzi, as a fupplement to his Memoir “ Degli emblemi e fimboli dell’ antichifiimo farcofago di Tor- tona.” 1824. 4to. On the front is reprefented Orpheus playing on a fquare lyre, with a plectrum, furrounded by wild beafts and fatyrs. On the back are horfemen, fpiritedly defigned, attacking various beafts of prey ; and in a narrow rim round the top of the piece are depicted various paftoral fcenes. The piece is reprefented as being inches in height. Aosta. In the Treasury of the Cathedral. The two leaves of the diptych of the Conful Anicius Probus, fculptured in honour of the triumph of Honorius at Rome in A.D. 404. On each leaf the emperor (inftead of the conful) is reprefented ftanding , beneath an ornamental arch ; below which is infcribed, on each leaf, D. N. HONORIO SEMPER AUG. His head is furrounded by a circular nimbus, and on one leaf he holds a labarum, infcribed IN NOMINE XPT vincas SEMPER. Figured by E. Aubert, Revue Archeologique, March, 1862, n. fer., vol. 5, pi. 3 and p. 16 1, and Gazzara in Mem. Acad., Turin, 1834. CiviDALE IN Friuli. In the Church of St. Peltrudis. A calket, 15-I- inches long, 4 J inches high, and about 7 inches wide, compofed of fmall plaques, feparated from each other, and furrounded by rows of- fmall rofettes intermingled with fide faces. On the plaques are reprefented fingle Bacchanalian figures. Centaurs, and fome of the labours of Hercules, in the ftyle of the fmall plaques on the chair of St. Peter, the cafket of Arezzo, &c. Defcribed in “ Lettere inedite d’ illuftre friulane del fecolo xviii. Udine fui fratelli Mattiuzzi,” 1826, p. 249, and figured in Mittheil. d. k. k. Central Commiftion, vol. 4, p. 325, pi. X. Book cover with ivory reliefs, with a lion and a griffin facing each other in the centre, furrounded by an arabefque with branches and foliage. Figured in Mittheil., vol. 4, p. 327. BOBBIO. AOSTA. CIVIDALE IN FRIULI, 380 Appendix. CIVIDALE. IN THE " CAPITEL ARCHIVE.’* PISA. SACRISTY OF CATHE- DRAL. VENICE. CHURCH OF ST. MARCO. CiVIDALE. I^r THE ‘‘ CaPITEL ARCHIVE.” Ivory pax, reprefenting the Crucifixion of the Saviour. The figure of the Chrift is quite upright ; above the arms of the crofs are perfoni- fications of Sol and Luna in circular medallions ; below, on one fide, are Longinus and the Virgin, and on the other fide the fponge-bearer and St. John, the whole furrounded by a Carlovingian foliated border ; infcribed — IHS NAZARE R IVDE . VRSVS DVX FEE ^ M EN FIL TWS AP ECC^MJTVA VRSVS DVX FIERI PC EP . Given to the town by Urfus Duke of Lombardy. Set in a filver frame ornamented with precious ftones. 8th century. • Didron, Annales Archeol., vol. xxvi. p. 143 ; (Iconographie de la Croix, &c.) ; Mar- tigny, Didlionn. des Antiquites Chret. (Arts. Crucifixion, Jean PEvan- gelifte, and Paix.); Mozzoni, Tavole della Storia della Chiefa Univer- fale, vol. viii. p. 89. The Prayer Book of St. Elizabeth of Thuringia. On the cover is an ivory relief of the Crucifixion, with the hand of God and the Dove above the head of Chrift. Two angels in the upper angles fwinging cenfers. Below the arms of the crofs are the Virgin and St. John. Below is a kneeling figure, (the Church,) holding a cup beneath the feet of Chrift, and another ftanding figure, (the Synagogue,) turning away from Chrift, and with a fpear pointed to the ground ; in the lower angles are the lymbolic figures of the Lion and Bull : infcribed all round, PATER . FILIUS . SPS . MATIAS . GABRIGEL . JOANNES . SYNAGOGA . MARCUS . ECCLESIA . LUCAS . JOHANNES . MICHAHEL . MARIA. Pisa. Sacristy of Cathedral. Ivory Madonna and Child. The work of Giovanni Pifano. Beginning of the 14th century. E. E. Perkins, Tufcan Sculptors, vol. i. Venice. Treasury of Church of San Marco. Small round ivory box, engraved with peacocks and flowers on the top, and around the fides a cavalcade of fportfmen with birds on their wrifts, and an infeription indicating an Afiatic work. Two horns of the unicorn ; one ornamented with fix rings of filver engraved with Greek inferiptions ; the other given by a Doge in 1488. Didron, Annales Archeol. vol. xxii. Ivories in Italy. 381 Murano (near Venice). Church of St. Michael. Seven ivory plaques, fculptured in relief, containing eight fubjedfs, reprefenting Chrift feated in the midft of His difciples ; His miracles and fubjedts taken from the Old Teftament. End of 4th century. Ivory plaque, formerly ufed as a book cover, carved with fymbolical fubjedfs. 8th century. The plaque formerly in the Convent of Murano, figured by Gorius, Thes. Dipt. iii. p. 69, is now in the Vatican Mufeum. See ante, p. 54, and p. 345, Ivories of Vatican. Labarte, Hift. d. Arts Induftr., vol. i. text. ; Texier, Didlionn. Orfevr. Chret. (Art. Couvertures, &c.) ; Martigny, Didlionn. Antiq. Chret. (Art. L’Enfant Jefus). PONZONI. In the work of the Abbe Antonio Dragoni, publifhed at Parma, 4to., 1810, entitled “ Sul dittico eburneo de Santi Martiri Teodoro ed Acacio efillente nel Mufeo ala Ponzoni,” are deferibed and figured the two leaves of an early diptych having quite the charadler of one of the Con- fular diptychs. On one leaf is reprefented a male faint, with a plain circular nimbus, {landing eredf, with arms raifed and hands open in the attitude of the “ Orantes,’’ clad in a long robe (on which is the large laticlavus) faflened on the right fhoulder with a large fibula, the feet with fandals. He is reprefented ftanding, with a large fcallop {hell above his head, beneath a rounded arch, inferibed, + O AFIOC AKAKeic + 5 refling on two lateral columns, the bafal halves of which are longitudi- nally and the upper fpirally fluted, with plain capitals. Over the arch is a bull of Chrifl, and thofe of two male figures. The other leaf is quite fimilar, except that the {landing figure has a fmall conical beard ; the arch is inferibed, 00 AFIOC ©GOAOPOO, and above the arch are bufls of the Virgin Mary and two angels. The following fupplemental notes contain chiefly Bibliographical refe- rences to works in which Ivory Sculptures exifling in Italian Colleliions are deferibed : — Rome. Vatican. Conf. Labarte, Hifloire des Art Induflr., vol. i. text. ; Didron, An- nales Archeol. Art., Iconographie de la Croix, &c., vol. xxvi., p. 43 ; MURANO. CHURCH OF ST. MICHAEL. PONZONI. ROME. VATICAN. ROME. VATICAN. ROME. PALAZZO BARBE- RINI. MILAN. DUOMO. MILAN. RAVENNA. 382 Appendix. and the Didtionaries of Texier (Art. Couvertures, &c.) ; and Martigny (Arts. Crucifix Diptyques and V entarolla) ; D’ Agincourt, Hift. Art. vol. i., Sculpture, pi. xii. In Ferret’s great work on the Catacombs of Rome, the following ivories are defcribed and figured : — A ftatuette of a female in long robes, with the left leg expofed, ftand- ing on a fmall globe. From the Cemetery of St. Cyriaca. PI. 20, f. 4. A comb, with two rows of large equal-fized teeth, infcribed acrofs the middle, EVSEBI . ANNI . (Eufebius Annius). PI. 20, fig. 8.^ A long pin, with a fmall elegant female bull forming the head, the hair arranged as in the Roman fafhion of the time of Hadrian, in feveral tranfverfe plaits. See Boldetti, ofTerv. fopra. i. cimit. p. 502, t. iii., f 21 and 24. Rome. (Palazzo Barberini). Conf. Labarte, Arts Induftr., vol. i. texte ; Guenebault, Didlionn. Icon. (Art. Tranffiguration). Milan. Duomo. Ivory plaque. Miracles of Chrift. 2nd ? century. Diptych. Chrift difputing with Doctors in Temple. 5th ? century. Coffer, with carvings. 5th ? century. Conf. Labarte, Arts Induftr. vols. i. and iv. text. ; Guenebault, Di 61 :. Icon. (Art. Artophorium) ; D’Agincourt, vol. i.. Sculpt., pi. 12. Milan. Conf. Dr. Fr. Bock, Karls des Groflen Pfalzkapelle ; Didron, Bronze et Orfevrerie du Moyen Age ; Labarte, Arts Induftr., vol. i.. Album, and vols. i. and iv., text. ; Didron, Ann. Archeol., vols. xvi., xvii., xxi., xxii., plates (Art. Iconogr. de la Croix, &c.), xxvi j and the Dictionaries of Viollet-le-Duc (Art. Benitier); Texier (Art. Couver- tures, &c.) ; Martigny (Arts. Anges, Diptyques, L’Enfant Jefus) 5 and Guenebault (Arts. Couvertures, Jofeph St.). Ravenna. Conf. Labarte, Arts Induftr., vol. i., text. ; Du Sommerard, Les Arts au Moyen Age, vol. v., text : vol. i.. Album ; Guenebault, Diet. Icon. (Arts. Cathedra, Chaires Epifcopales, and Ravenna). 1 On the ufe of combs, fee Macri, Hierolexicon fub. voc. Pecten, p. 462. Ivories in France 383 IVORIES IN FRANCE. Paris. BiBLiOTHl:QyE Nationale. Two leaves of the diptych of the Conful Anaftafius, A.D. 517 Paris. (diptych of Bourges). The conful feated, with battle with wild beafts in the circus, at the bottom of one leaf ; and two vidtorious horfes and manumiflion of flaves at the foot of the other. Trefor de Glyptique, pi. 16. Cafts defcribed above, p. 20. Two leaves of the diptych of Sens (Bacchus and Diana Lucifera). Cafts defcribed above, p. 7. Two leaves of the Great Book cover. The front with a rude figure of Chrift, aged and bearded, feated between SS. Peter and Paul ; the back with figures of the Virgin and Child, feated between two angels ; each leaf furrounded by fmaller groups. Cafts defcribed above, p. 45. The two plaques, 9th century, attached to the Pfalter of Charles le Chauve. The front with an illuftration of Pfalms xxxv. and Ivi. Caft defcribed above, p. 102. The back with the fcene of David and Nathan. Both figured by Sere in “ Le Moyen Age,” feet. Sculpt, en Ivoire ; and Labarte, Arts Induftr., pi. 38, 39. The two plaques, 9th century, attached to the Evangeliarium of Charles le Chauve. On the front Chrift feated within an aureola ; on the back the Virgin and Child. Cafts defcribed above, p. 104. The feries of 18 fmall plaques of ritualiftic fubjedfs fixed to the cover of the Sacramentarium of Drogon, grandfon of Charlemagne. (MS. Suppl. Lat., 645, or Lat. 9428). Cafts defcribed above, p. 135. Two plaques. Crucifixion, 9th or loth century, and the Maries at the Sepulchre ; affixed to the MS. Latin, 9453. Cafts defcribed above, p. III. Three plaques affixed to cover of MS. Suppl. Latin, 642, Nouv. fonds. Lat. No. 9393. Excellent open cut work. Carlovingian. yin. by 3 J in. Surrounded by a narrow acanthus leaf border, which is en- clofed within a - broad arabefque of vine branches, leaves, and fruit twining round a central ftraight ftem. i. The Annunciation. The Virgin ftanding, with hands crofted, before her, with a long flowing veil ' ^ over her head ; an attendant ftanding at her fide withdrawing the cur- Appendix. PARIS. BIBLIO- THEQUE. 384 tain looped round one of the columns of the door behind her, and a fecond female behind the Archangel. 2. The Adoration of the Magi. The Virgin feated in front of a temple with fquare-topped entrance. The Magi wearing Phrygian caps. 3. The Murder of the Innocents ; two, held aloft by attendants, about to be hurled to the ground ; three mothers, weeping, to the right ; Herod, feated, giving orders, to the left. Figured, Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftriels, Album, Sculpt., pi. 5. Plaque, Byzantine, 9th century, affixed to cover of MS. Suppl. Latin, No. 704 (No. 9387 Nouv.). Chrift, young and beardlefs, (landing under a rounded arch ; a bird Handing on the top of the arch at each upper angle of the piece. Figured, Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftriels Sculpt., pi. 7. Caft defcribed above, p. 70. Plaque, Byzantine, affixed on cover of MS. No. 1118. 4J in. by 3J in. The Virgin and Child feated beneath a flattened arch reft- ing upon twifted columns and foliated capitals. The lower part of the Virgin is not reprefented, and the Infant appears as large as His mother. The drapery is very finely and clofely folded. Plaque. 6 J in. by 4 in. Late Carlovingian. Latter part of loth century. Prefented by the Bifhop Adalberon, fecond fon of Duke P'rederick and Beatrix, After of Hugh Capet (died 1004), to the Chapter of Metz. Affixed to Book of the Gofpels. MS. Suppl. Latin, 648. Latin Nouv. Ser. 10,438. This is a very remarkable piece, hitherto unpublifhed. Surrounded by a foliated border. Above is the Crucifixion; below, the Virgin fuckling the Infant Saviour. Each furmounted by a low triangular pediment, of which the upper part is flattened or truncated, with a foliated border refting on two lateral columns, which are curioufly longitudinally and obliquely grooved, the capitals are fhort and formed of two rows of acanthus leaves ; the Saviour has long flowing hair and Ihort beard, with a fmall napkin round the loins, the feet are feparate, refting on a fcabellum (the nails not reprefented). The titulus bears the infcription, IHS NAZAR REX IVDEOR. Over the arms of the Crofs is the chariot of Sol drawn by horfes, his head radiated, and that of Luna drawn by pan- thers, fhe is reprefented crowned with a crefcent and weeping, her face covered by her hands. The fponge and fpear bearers are fmall fized, the Virgin and St. John, in attitudes of grief, ftand at the fides of the Crofs. In the lower part, the Virgin is reprefented feated on a rich feat and cufhion, under a canopy of drapery, infcribed MP 0Y . Jofeph, of fmall fize, is feated to the left, and a female attendant Hands to the right ; the capitals of this lower part are furmounted by birds, and a dragon occupies each upper angle above the pediment. The figures are excellently defigned and the fculpture in high relief. Ivories in France. 385 Plaque. Crucifixion. 9th century. Above are the four Evan- gelifts, and at the bottom figures of Earth and Water. Attached to Gofpels, Suppl. Latin, 650. Caft defcribed above, p. iio. Two figures of the Virgin and St. John (affixed to MS. Suppl. Latin, 667, circa A.D. 950) ; the central plaque of the Crucifixion is gone. Three plaques, with fcenes of the Paffion, affixed to the Gofpels of Louis le Debonnaire. MS. Suppl. Latin, 662. 7 in. by 3^ in. Car- lovingian. Excellent open cut work, furrounded by narrow border of acanthus leaves finely carved, on the outfide of which is a broad ara- befque border of rofettes and foliage with precious fliones. i. The kifs of Judas and Chrift led away to judgment, under rounded arches. 2. To the left, the denial of St. Peter; to the right, a fine group, of Chrift before Pontius Pilate feated on his throne, behind Jefus ftands an officer about to ftrike him. 3. The Crucifixion of Chrift and the two thieves ; the thieves naked, hanging on trees. Chrift without a fcabel- lum, the feet nailed feparately, with a napkin round his loins ; the fponge- and fpear-bearers at fides of Crofs, at bottom of which is a large flagon. The Virgin and St. John ftand at the fides with arms raifed towards the Crofs. Two plaques, iith century, affixed on cover of MS. i. The Crucifixion, Chrift old, bearded, fully clad to the feet, which reft on a chalice. The head with a cruciferous nimbus, and an uninfcribed titulus. Above the arms of the crofs perfonifications of Sol and Luna weeping ; below, the Virgin and St. John. 2. Chrift, young and beard- lefs, feated in glory within a vefica pifcis, holding a book on his knees, and a roll in his left hand, and bleffing with his right. At the four corners are the four evangelical fymbols. Didron, who contrafts the remarkable difference in the treatment of thefe figures of the Saviour, has reprefented them, Iconogr. de Dieu, pp. 276, 279. Plaque, loth or nth century, arabefques with rofettes, the border with buffs of faints. Caft defcribed above, p. 143. Hexagonal marriage cafket of Italian bone work, with fcenes from the Romance of Pyramus and Thifbe. Eigured by Lenormant, Trefor de Glyptique, II., pi. 33, 34, and 35.’ PARIS. BIBLIO- THEQUE. PARIS. CABINET Paris. Cabinet des Antiques, BiBLioTHi:QUE Nationale. des ANTIQUES, Leaf of diptych of El. Petr. Juftinianus, with infcription, biblio- “ MUNERA PARVA,” &c. Caft defcribed above, p. 19. (Millin, pl. 19, No. 2.) 30670. B B ' ALE. PARIS. CABINET DES ANTIQUES, BIBLIO- THEQUE NATION- ALE. 386 Appendix. Diptych of the Conful Philoxenus, with circles enclofing bufts. Caft defcribed above, p. 24. Leaf of diptych of Flavius Felix, with ftanding figure of the Conful. Caft defcribed ante.^ p. 8. Leaf of diptych of Probus Magnus, of poor workmanfhip. Caft defcribed above, p. 22. Centre part of leaf of diptych, with figure of a conful feated. Trefor de Glyptique, pi. 54. Caft defcribed above, p. 23. Two leaves of a diptych, with very fimple ornaments, without any infcription and with mufical notes on the infide. Engraved in Millin’s Voyages de Midi de la France, pi. 19, No. i. Leaf of diptych, uninfcribed, with an o 61 :agonal label inclofed within an elongated lozenge-ftiaped fpace. Caft defcribed above, p. 19. Triptych. Byzantine. Crucifixion, with Conftantine and Helena. Caft defcribed above, p. 83. Trefor de Glyptique, pi. 57. Centre piece of a triptych. Chrift blefting Romanus and Eudocia. Caft defcribed above, pp. 84 and 91. Trefor de Glyptique, pi. 52. Leaf of diptych. 13th century. Above, Chrift feated in glory ; in the middle, a row of five Apoftles ; at bottom, the three Magi. Painted and gilt. Two leaves of a diptych, early 14th century, with the Virgin and Child, and the death and coronation of the Virgin. Cafts defcribed above, p. 182. In the Cabinet des Antiques are alfo preferved a number of chelTmen hitherto for the moft part undefcribed, formerly in the Trefor of the Abbey of St. Denis, traditionally regarded as the remains of the ‘‘ jeu d’echecs du Roi Charlemagne.” They are of large fize and differ confiderably in ftyle and execution, one only (which bears a Cufic infcription), being more clearly of Eaftern origin and very different from the reft (No. 5545). This reprefents a king riding upon an elephant, which has feized a horfeman of fmall fize riding in front of it. The king is feated on a low feat, furrounded by an arcade with a row of fmall ftanding warriors, and feveral armed attendants on horfeback furrounding the lower part of the figure. The front of the piece is much injured and the elephant driver broken ofF its neck. (No. 5546.) A king-piece formed of a large fquare block of bone, ftanding eredt, holding his fceptre, beneath a flat battlemented pediment fupported by the large lateral pillars with a curtain hanging on each fide, held back by two attendants with diagonally crofted leggings. At the back of the piece is an arcade of five rounded arches. (Figured, Willemin, Mon. ined. de France; Chabouillet Cat., No. 3272.) Ivories in France. 387 (No. 5548.) A king-piece, almoft identical with the preceding, but with the top flat. (Nos. 5549 , 5550*) The companion queen-pieces, each queen {landing beneath a rounded arch, with two attendants, on the back an arcade of four rounded arches. (Figured, Willemin, op. cit. ; Cha- bouillet Cat., No. 3273.) (No. 5547.) A large piece battlemented at the top, with a male figure not crowned, feated, clad in a large mantle faflened on his right fhoulder. Two fmall figures holding the curtains back. (Nos. 5551, 5552, 5553.) Three large pieces, each reprefenting a quadriga with its driver, holding a whip in his right hand and the curioufly angulated bridle of the fide horfe in his left hand. (Nos. 5560, 5561.) Two knights, clad in fcale armour, with round fkull caps and armed with fwords and round fliields, the latter orna- mented with an elegant cinq-foiled rofette, each riding upon a very ill-defigned horfe. (Nos. 5554, 5555-) Two large pieces, each reprefenting a rudely defigned elephant with the driver feated Tideways on the back. (Nos. 5556, 5557.) Two elephants more richly caparifoned, each with a fmall driver feated on the neck, and two fmall figures feated clofe behind. (Nos. 5558, 5559.) Two knight-pieces, each with a kite-fhaped fhield marked with checquers, and with a clofe fkull cap with a central ridge terminating in a point on the forehead ; each mounted on horfe- back, and holding their fwords upright. (No. 5562.) A foot foldier, fomewhat refembling the Lewes pawns, armed with a fword and large kite-fhaped fhield which he holds in front of him, refling the point on the ground. (Figured, Shaw, Dreffes and Decorations, I. fol. 9, b.) (No. 5563.) Coll. Sauvageot. A block of ivory, 3J in. high, 3J in. wide. A king feated on a plain flool (the head and fword broken off), clad in a large furcoat reaching nearly to the feet, the arms in chain armour, his left hand holds his right leg on his left knee. To the right a figure holds a fword with the point downwards ; at each end and on the back are rich foliated ornaments. PARIS. CABINET DES ANTIQUES, BIBLIO- THEQUE NATION- ALE. BlBLIOTHi^QUE OF THE ArSENAL, PaRIS. A plaque, of claflTical defign, barbaroufly cut into two pieces and biblio- ferving as cover to a MS. of the I2th century (T. L. 637). A female, cheque • OF T'HE feated, playing on the pledlrum, which fhe holds on her left knee ; to the left an aged male figure, feated, fupporting his chin on his left hand. PARIS. BIBLIO- THEQUE OF THE ARSENAL. MUSEUM JOF THE LOUVRE 388 Appendix. his right hand refting on his left knee, his feet with fandals ; to the right another aged man ftands enveloped in a large mantle, which covers the left arm, leaving expofed only the right hand, as in feveral other ivories above defcribed. The feet are naked and the draperies are well and fimply caft. (Figured in “ Les Arts Somptuaires,” vol. ii. p. 86.) Paris. Museum of the Louvre. The antique colledlions of the Louvre contain fome interefting ivories both in the Nineveh and Egyptian feries. In the former there are feveral combs ornamented with lions ; one of thefe is much open-cut, with the lion excellently defigned, with his tail carried eredt. Another comb has part of a winged human-headed lion. Several tops of fceptres, walking ftaves, or handles of poignards are ornamented with the heads of animals ; and there are feveral ivory children’s dolls, with the drefs extending to the feet, with a girdle round the waift, one having a dagger ftuck into the girdle ; the drelTes are ornamented with patterns down the middle and at the Tides. In the Egyptian Mufeum are two long curved and flattened pieces of ivory, Ihaped in the form of a long bent arm, with the hand and fingers extended ; likewife several fmall vafes ; a fpoon, with the handle reprefenting a naked woman ; a box, ornamented with the head of a gazelle ; and a box of exceflive antiquity, bearing the royal legend of Meriem-Ra of the 6th dynafty. Two leaves of a diptych, with figures of fix mufes and fix poets. Calls defcribed above, p. 7. Plaque, 14 in. high by 4J in. wide, furrounded by a broad foliated border. At the top is the Temptation, the ferpent partly defcended from the tree lifts up his head to Eve. Below are two rows of mon- llrous animals in pairs, then four rows of real animals, lion, lionefs, unicorn, grilfiri, ox, camel, elephants, and many others, rather flat, late Carlovingian work. Two plaques of great beauty, each 7 in. high by 3 in. wide, each in two compartments, i. a. Chrill in the centre, with a fcroll and four Evangelills, all without any attributes, b. Two feated figures, one writing, the other holding a book, five other figures in the background. 2. a. Chrift, young and beardlefs, preaching to fix apollles. b, David, in the middle, playing on the harp, with other attendant muficians and warriors. In the middle bar of one plaque is the open hand of God, and in that of the other, the Lamb, with the evangelical fymbols in fmall round difcs at the angles. Ivories in France. 389 Two plaques of a book cover, each about 7 in. high by 4 in. wide, with flightly foliated borders, each with three rows of figures apparently representing ecclefiaftical fcenes, baptifm, confirmation, &c. The collecSfion of mediaeval objedfs in the Louvre is of recent origin, having been commenced in 1828 with the acquifition of the Revoil Collection by Charles X., but being, for the moft part, indebted to the noble collection prefented by M. Charles Sauvageot in 1856, confifting of 1,500 objects of the choiceft character. The ivories are 180 in number, by far the greater portion of which are either of the Gothic period (13th, 14th, or 15th century) or of the RenaifTance. The latter and the lefs important of the Gothic pieces are not noticed below. Statuettes, A. I. Figure of a king, crowned with a diadem, with the eyes clofed, long hair and beard. He holds a fceptre in the right hand and a fmall model of a cathedral in his left hand, on which are five lines of an infcription, of which only REX CHLOD[OWICVS] FRANC- [ORUM] are legible ; beneath his feet is a vanquifhed foe holding a poignard. 12th century. About 10 in. high. A. 2. A fine group of the Coronation of the Virgin by Chrifi:. The mantle of Chrifi: is ornamented in colours with the lleur-de-lys of France and the towers of Caftille, whilfi: that of the Virgin has the fleurs-de-lys and the bars of Lorraine. Probably made on the marriage of Philip le Hardi, fon of St. Louis and Marie, daughter of the Due de Bar. Sold to the Louvre for 31,500 francs. French work. 13th century. About 13 in. high. Figured, Labarte, Hifi:. Arts Induflr., Album, Sculpt., pi. 16. A. 3. The Virgin {landing ereCl, clad in a long robe, with the border coloured, holding the Infant on her left arm, and a fruit in her right hand ; the veil covering the head is furmounted with a richly gemmed gold crown, as is alfo that of the Infant. French work. Middle 14th century. About 16 in. high. From the SoltykofF Collec- tion. Figured, Sere, Le Moyen-Age, &c., tom. v. ; Gazette de Beaux Arts, tom. x., liv. 57, p. 176 ; Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Album, Sculpture, pi. 17. A. 4. The Virgin, very thin, holding the Infant on her left arm ; her right hand held open. On her head is a veil, with a very narrow circlet. Call: deferibed above, p. 258, No. 731. 13th century. H., 195 mill. A. 5. Fragment of a ftatuette of the Virgin praying. 14th century. A. 6. The Virgin fuckling the Holy Child. 15th century. PARIS. MUSEUM OF THE LOUVRE. 390 Appendix. A. 7. A female faint, feated \ the feat of open architectural character, crowned, holding a fragment of a palm branch. •Italian. 15th century. A. 8. St. Jerome kneeling on a lion. H. 365 mill. A. 9. The Virgin crowned, carrying the Infant Jefus, a flower in her right hand. i6th century. Neat work. H. 3J in. A. 10. The Virgin fuckling the Infant. i6th century. A. II and 12. Two femi-flatuettes, the Virgin and St. John (por- tions of a crucifixion). Calls defcribed above, p. 259, Nos. 733, 734. Referred to the i6th century in Louvre Catal. Triptychs^ Diptychs^ or Single Leaves oj Diptychs.^ \\th^ i^th century. The Retable de Poifly,” prefented by Jean, Due de Berry (brother of Charles V.) and Jeanne, Countefs of Auvergne and Boulogne, his fecond wife, who, with their patron faints, are reprefented kneeling on the bafe of the lateral pilafters, on which alfo appears his coat of arms. This very ftriking altar-piece is about three yards high, and, when open, nearly 8 feet wide. It terminates above in three triangular Gothic pediments with pinnacles, and confifts of a large number of Italian bone plaques fet in marquetry. The centre part contains twenty-four of thefe plaques, reprefenting the chief events of the life of Chrifl, whilft each of the two wings contains nineteen plaques, thofe of the left wing reprefenting the legendary hiftory of St. John the Baptifl, and thofe of the right wing the legend of St. John the Evangelift, the patron-faints of the Duke. A. 48. A fmall portable triptych of Italian bone work, fet in mar- quetery, about 21 inches high, with the Annunciation, the Virgin and Child, the Crucifixion, and the Noli me tangere, and with full-length figures of faints. A. 49. A triptych, the centre part with two angels fupporting a circular dife (formerly ufed as a reliquary), the background covered with fleurs-de-lys. Similar to the piece defcribed above, p. 209. ’ A. 50. The very remarkable “ Vierge ouvrante,” reprefenting, when clofed, a llatue of the Virgin and Child, but opening, and carved on the infide with feenes of the life of Chrifl. Calls defcribed above, p. 180. The majority of the Gothic pieces are fmall and of ordinary work- manfhip, with the fubjedls of the ufual chara6ler from the life of Chrifl under trefoiled, pointed, or rounded arches. Amongfl them are ; A. 34. Diptych. About 5 in. high. i6th century. On the left wing the Adoration of the Magi. On the right, the Crucifixion, with two angels and the Virgin and attendants, and St. John and Difciples, Ivories in France. 391 each under a triangular pediment, enclofing a trefoiled arch ; above, in the angles, beneath two arcades are four fmall round quatrefoiled medallions, inclofmg two male and two female heads. A. 37. A remarkable plaque, confifting of two deep- funk panels ; above, the Benedidlion of the Virgin by Chrift ; and below, St. John writing his Gofpel with an eagle perched on his delk. Caft (in two parts) defcribed above, p. 195. A. 39. Diptych, each leaf with two fubjedts feparated from each other by a band with a row of rofettes. On one leaf, the Crucifixion and the Treachery of Judas ; on the other, the Defcent from the Crofs, and the Flagellation. Calls defcribed above, p. 177. A. 41. A fmall plaque in three compartments : The Embalment of Chrill j Chrift appearing to the Magdalen ; the Flagellation ; Chrill J bearing the Crofs and the Treachery of Judas. Call defcribed above, p- 185.“ Leaf of fmall diptych : the Birth of Chrill. Call defcribed above, p. 200. A. 42. A very fmall diptych forming a reliquary fet in filver. i6th century. On the left wing a lily, opened, with the Virgin rifing out of the middle of the flower ; at the fides, below, a monk and an angel kneeling ; on the right wing St. Chrillopher. PARIS. MUSEUM OF THE LOUVRE. Plaques for Book Covers, A. 51. A fquare piece, Byzantine, with the bull of Chrill. Call defcribed above, p. 75. A. 52. A very deep panel, with St. John carved in high relief, with the eagle in the upper angle. Call defcribed above, p. 163. A. 53. Two plaques (mounted in filver gilt, and enamelled and jewelled on the cover of the Greek MS. of the Life of St. Denis, the Areopagite, written in gold), each about 7 in. by 5 in., in three com- partments. The front plaque containing the Entry into Jerufalem, the Agony in the Garden, the Flagellation, the Defcent from the Crofs, and the Depofition in the Tomb ; the back plaque containing the Treachery of Judas, the Crucifixion, the Women at the Sepulchre, Chrill appearing to the Magdalen. Originally prefented to the Abbey of St. Denis by the Emperor Paleologus. 12th century. (Laborde Cat., 883.) A. 54. Two Byzantine plaques. i. The Crucifixion. 2. Chrill blefling the ApoHles. Calls defcribed above, p. 98. Plaque. 9th century. The Maries at the Sepulchre. Call de- fcribed above, p. 139. n 392 Appendix. PARIS. MUSEUM OF THE LOUVRE. Portion of a plaque. Italian ? 9th century. Sermon on the Mount ? Caft defcribed above, p. 53. Portion of a plaque. Italian ? 9th century, with the ftory of Abner and Joab. Call defcribed above, p. 53. Plaque of book cover. Frankifh. The Wifdom of Solomon. Caft defcribed above, p. 125. Companion plaque to the laft-mentioned piece : Chrift ? with at- tendants. Caft defcribed above, p. 126. Leaf of a diptych. 14th century. The Crucifixion and Embal- ment of Chrift. Caft defcribed above, p. 189. Leaf of diptych. 14th century. Birth of Chrift. Caft defcribed above, p. 200. Three plaques, much open cut ; two of them 7 in, by i J in., each with fix apoftles, beautifully executed, under arches refting on foliated capitals, with foliated work at each end ; the third piece ftiorter, fimilarly ornamented with figures of S . RVSTIC’ . S DIONYSIVS and S . ELEVTERIVS. Writing Tablets. P'ive of thefe articles, of which one reprefents the Flight into Egypt, the other four love and romance fcenes, including — A. 55. Reprefenting a lady and gentleman on horfeback going out hawking. Caft defcribed above, p. 195. A. 59. Four pairs of lovers feated under four trefoiled Gothic arches. Mirror Cajes. Nine of thefe interefting objedls, two of which are figured by Lenormant, Tres. de Glyptique, Pt. L, pi. 39, f. 2, 3. From the Sauvageot Collection ; including — •A. 60. About 5 in. in diameter. In the upper part three fcenes of a wedding; below, a dance; four monftrous animals at the angles. Caft defcribed above, p. 304, No. 857. A. 61. Two fides of a mirror cafe, each with four pairs of lovers, feparated by branches and foliage. Caft defcribed above, p. 306, Nos. 861, 862. A. 62. A gentleman quaintly drelfed offering a crown of flowers to a lady holding a little dog. Infcribed, En gre. Caft defcribed above, p. 308, No. 869. Ivories in France 393 A. 64. Lady and gentleman playing at chefs. Caft deferibed paris. above, p. 305, No. 858. museum OF TH K A. 65. The departure for the chafe. A monftrous animal at each louvre angle. A. 66. A gentleman, in a robe with very large hanging fleeves, offers a heart to a lady. Caft deferibed above, p. 307, No. 868. Another with figure of God of Love difeharging arrows againft lovers. Caft deferibed ante^ p. 306, No. 864. Cajkets, The Mufeum poflefles nineteen of thefe articles, including the fol- lowing : — A. 69. Cafket, with flanting cover. Scenes of the birth and early life of Chrift. Carlovingian. lOth century. With foliated borders. Cafts of the eight pieces, four of the body and four of the top of cafket, deferibed above, p. 230. Figured, Labarte, Kift. Arts Induftriels. A. 71. A long cafket, of German work, 12th century ; the front, back, and fides ornamented with the Virgin holding the Infant in her arms, the three Kings, and eighteen full-length figures of faints, chiefly of the NewTeftament, holding books. Cafts deferibed above, p. 240. Figured, Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftriels, Album, Sculpture, p. 144. A. 72. Cafket, 8 J in. long, 14th century, having a flat cover ; St. Chriftopher bearing the Chrift, St. Martin dividing his cloak, St. George and the Dragon, and St. Euftace kneeling before the mira- culous flag, each under a Gothic arch. "Fhe body of the cafket is fur- rounded with feenes from the Romance of Perceval le Galois, feveral of which are identical with illuminated drawings in the MSS. 430, Suppl. Franc., and No. 7536, Anc. fonds, Fr. in Bibl. Nat., Paris. Figured, Lievre, “ Collection Sauvageot Labarte, Album, pi. 144. Cafket. French. 14th century, with feenes from mediaeval romances. Deferibed above, p. 248. Small cafket, with amatory feenes. Deferibed above, p. 246. A. 76. Small flat-topped cafket, with feenes of domeftic life and gallantry, and the morris dance on the cover. Caft deferibed above, p. 254. A. 82. Marriage cafket. Hexagonal, the top in fhape of a truncated pyramid. Italian bonework, fet in marquetery. Six mythological feenes with the hiftory of Paris. See Labarte’s Cat., Nos. 903, 904, 905, 907, 908 ; 1853. PARIS. MUSEUM OF THE LOUVRE. 39 + Appendix. Bas-reliefs* A. 91. Circular RulTo-Greek piece, 2 in. in diameter; the three angels feated at the table of Abraham. A. 98. Plaque, with a proceffion of various perfons of Old Tefta- ment hiftory. Call: defcribed above, p. 324. Eight others of the i6th century. A. 99. RulTo-Greek plaque. 15th or i6th century. St. George on a rampant horfe, killing a very pig-like dragon ; at the back, a caftle, with the heads of fpe&tors. Combs, A. 107. Comb, with two rows of teeth, y-i- in. by 5 in. 12th century. On one fide Samfon combating with a lion amongft conven- tional foliage and animals ; on the other fide foliage and flowers. A. 108. Comb. 15th century. With the Birth of Chrift, the Flight into Egypt, the Adoration of the Magi, the Entry into Jerufalem, Chrift bound, and the Crucifixion. A. 109. Comb. 15th century. With the Judgment of Paris on one fide, and David and Bathlheba on the other fide. A. no. Comb. 15th century. David and Bathlheba on one fide ; on the other, a king feated between two females, who offer him flowers. Mifcellaneous OhjeSfs, A. 1 14. Pax. St. George killing the Dragon. 15th century. A. 1 18. Head of paftoral ftaff. On one fide, the Virgin and Child attended by two angels ; on the other fide, the Crucifixion with the Virgin and St. John. Excellent work, partly coloured and gilt. A. 120. Horn or oliphant, with fantaftic animals. A. 12 1. Oliphant, entirely ornamented with circles, united by inter- laced branches, fome containing birds and others quadrupeds. A. 122. Oliphant, with three falamanders in relief. A. 124. Oliphant, modern, carved by the natives of Mozambique. A. 145. Draughtfman. 12th century. Circular. Judith cutting off the head of Holofernes ; round the rim is infcribed, OLO FER NVS. A. 146. Draughtfman. 12th century. A monftrous figure with a mitre, and armed with a hatchet, mounted on a marine monfter with a human head. A. 147. Draughtfman. 12th century. A combat between fan- taftical animals, furrounded with foliage. Ivories in France. 395 A. 102, 3, 4, 5, 6. Six large and very fine plaques of mythological fubjedfs in high relief, by Gerard von Opftal. Calls defcribed above, p. 328. Two narrow plaques, portions of a flabellum, 8-ioth century. Calls defcribed above, p. 59. Hunting knife, with ivory handle : the infant Neptune. Defcribed above, p. 326. Tankards, cups, llyles, powder flalks, tobacco fcrapers, handles of daggers, knives, &c., of i6th, 17th and i8th centuries. Medallions, ten in number, of the i6th and 17th century. Note. — Photographs of many of the ivories in the Louvre Collec- tion are contained in the South Kenfington Mufeum Art Library in Portfolios Nos. 4, 5, 6, 176, and 265. Museum of the Hotel de Cluny. Conf. Mufee des Thermes et de PHotel de Cluny, Catalogue, 8vo., Paris, 1862 ; Du Sommerard, Les Arts au Moyen Age, texte, Album, and Atlas ; Viollet-le-Duc, Di6lionn. de Mobilier Francais. Art. Reli- quaire, vol. i. ; Texier, Di6lionn. Orfevr. Chretienne ; Art. Couvertures ; Guenebault, Diclionn. Iconograph. (Art. Coffres). No. 2,789. Plaque. Roman. A priellefs Handing before an altar, holding two torches, infcribed ‘‘ Nichomachorum,” being the companion plaque of the piece in the South Kenfington Mufeum, infcribed “ Sym- machorum,” defcribed above, p. 8, No. 27. Found at the bottom of a well at Montier-en-Der in 18603 thefe two plaques having been attached to the chalTe of St. Berchaire, formerly in the monallery of that place. No. 384. A fine llatuette of a female (called Panthea). Roman, 3rd or 4th century. 15 in. high. In very white ivory, fully draped, except the right bread: 3 the head covered with a veil, which hangs down below the fhoulders 3 fandals on the feet. She holds a long thyrfus in the right hand and a circular mirror in the left. At the Tides are trees and foliage, much undercut 3 two fmall angels in the upper angles hold a crown over her head 3 whild: below, at the Tides, are Tmall figures of a centaur and a youth. Figured, Du Sommerard, Atlas, ch. xi. pi. I 3 Lacroix and Sere, Le Moyen Age. Leaf of a diptych, with figures of two warrior-princes. Roman. 6th century. Caft defcribed above, p. 29. Stated by Lenormant to be in the “ Cabinet de M. Du Sommerard,” but not contained in the Cluny Catalogue. PARIS. MUSEUM OF THE LOUVRE. J HOTEL DE CLUNY. n PARIS. HOTEL DE CLUNY. 396 Appendix. No. 434. A grand ftatue of Chrifl:. 19 in. high. The body much bent and the arms broken ofF. No. 441. A large ftatuette of the ftanding Virgin and Child. 19 in. high. The body of the former bent back following the bend of the tooth. “ Travail efpagnol.” No. 388. Statuette of the Virgin and Child. 13th century. 12 in. high. Both feated, facing the fpectator. Stiff in defign, but of good workrnanfhip. “ Figure de fiecle,” Cluny Catalogue. No. 435. A grand piece. 9 in. by 10 in. The dead body of Chrift, fupported by the Virgin Mary j an angel ftanding to the right and St. John to the left. A figure of Jofeph, of rude work and different coloured ivory has been added. No. 390. A deeply cut panel with a figure of a faint holding a roll. Caft defcribed above, p. 163. “ X® fiecle,” Cluny Catalogue. No. 394. A very deeply cut figure of St. Paul, holding a fcroll infcribed, “Gratia Dei,’’ &c. Caft defcribed above, p. 163. No. 385. Cylindrical pyx. 5th or 6th century. Miracles of Chrift, who is reprefented young and beardlefs, holding a roll in his right hand or a fmall crofs. i. The fcene with the woman of Samaria at the well ; 2. Healing the blind ; 3. Curing the paralytic man, who is carrying his bed on his fhoulders ; 4. The raifing of Lazarus, fwaddled in his grave clothes, and placed upright in a tomb like a fentry box. Figured, Du Sommerard, Album, v. fer., pi. 37. No. 386. A cylindrical Pyx, broken in two parts. Chrift curing the blind man, and three aged bearded Difciples holding books. Rude work (like the great Paris book cover of Chrift and the Virgin).^ No. 389. One fide of a large book cover. Probably 12th century, “ Xe fiecle,” Cluny Catalogue. Italian. 13 in. by 10 in. By the fame rude hand as the Vatican Byzantine Crucifixion and feated Chrift. In the middle a plaque. The Crucifixion, Chrift with a napkin round the loins, and fkirt reaching to the knees ; the head with a cruciferous nimbus, the bars of which are marked with the letters LEX. The feet reft feparately on a fquare fcabellum, beneath which is a fkull. Above the head of Chrift is the buft of an angel bearing a feeptre terminated by a Maltefe crofs and a globe fimilarly marked. To the left is a buft of SoL with a radiated nimbus, and LvnA with crefeent on the forehead. Below these are the Virgin (ScA marIA) and St. John (ScS loHS). Below thefe, in two compartments under rounded arches, are full length figures of ScS VITALIS, holding a feeptre terminated by three leaves, and ScA VALERIA (holding a rod, from the top of which appear to iffue Ivories in France. 397 flames). Around the border are i6 circles with bufts of apoflles and faints, including SS. Laurencius, Pantaleon, Gregorius, Benedidfus Abbas, f'.rmachora (Hermagoras), and Nicholas. The Lion of St. Mark and the Bull of St. Luke at the bottom angles. The letters of the infcriptions are rudely formed and the words divided into feveral lines. No. 387. Byzantine plaque. A tall figure ofChrift, with a cruciferous nimbus and fhort beard, flanding on an ornamental footffool under an ornamental pierced canopy, refting at the Tides on narrow twilled columns, placing his hands upon two fmaller {landing figures of a Greek Emperor and Emprefs in regal robes, above whofe heads are infcribed, OTTO PMAN IM AC + & 06O(/>ANOO IMP aC, which have been fuppofed to prove that the piece was made upon the marriage or coronation of Otho 11 . , Emperor of the Romans, A.D. 973. Another incomplete infcription contains the abridged name 100 (ANNES), and has been fup- pofed to refer to a minute crouching figure under the feet of the Emperor, clad in a large robe fludded with ftars and bordered with pearls. The workmanfhip is by no means fine, and M. Didron has not hefitated to alTert that the piece is a forgery, and M. Louandre (Arts Sompt. ii., p. 67) ftates that its origin is not known; but the fa6l of its having originally been fixed on the cover of the gofpels of Epternach is flated in the Voyage de deux litter. Benedidlines, ii. 297, and Melanges d’Archeologie, i. 185. Figured, Les Arts Sompt. V. ii., p. 67 and plate ; Weifs, Koftumkunde, i. 526. Nos. 392, 393. Two large Byzantine plaques, with arabefques and figures introduced within the whorls of the foliage. Calls defcribed above, p. 65. Figured, Du Sommerard, Album, 2 fer. pi. 29 ; Willemin. Monum. France. On the back of thefe plaques are rude carvings reprefenting ChriHian fubjecSls. ChriH feated in glory fup- ported by angels; the fcene of Pentecoft, with 14 feated figures ; the Crucifixion ; ChriH appearing to the Magdalen ; and the angelic faluta- tion. No. 397. Plaque. 7 in. by 2 \ in. Open cut, intertwined foliage, enclofing birds and bealls. In the Hyle of the loth or iith century. Book cover. One leaf with Byzantine plaque, iith or 12th century. With a tall Handing figure of the Virgin holding the Infant Saviour in her arms. On either fide are three fquare plaques with buHs of faints in the Byzantine manner. The back plaque is a Carlovingian reprefentation of the crucifixion. The titulus is infcribed, IHS NAZARENVS RX, over which is the Almighty hand ilTuing from a cloud and holding a circlet. The feet of ChriH reH feparately on a fcabellum, below which the bafe of Crofs is PARIS. HOTEL DE CLUNY. 398 Appendix. narrowed, with a ferpent twining round it. At the end of each arm of the Crofs is an angel ftooping down with upraifed wings, and above them are two circles with bulls of Sol and Luna. The Virgin and the fpear bearer Hand to the left below, and St. John and the fponge bearer to the right. The whole furrounded by a rich foliated border of acanthus. Figured, Du Sommerard, Album, 10 fer., pi. 34. No. 396. Plaque. Death of the Virgin. 12th century. No. 398. Square cafket, flat at top, 7 in. fquare. On the top is Chrift feated in glory within an oval aureola pointed at each end, holding a book, and blefling with the raifed right hand ; the firfl: and fecond fingers extended. At the angles are the four emblems of the Evangelifts, holding long fcrolls infcribed with their names ; the border formed of a feries of quatrefoils, and the fymbols on each fide feparated by a narrow arcade of rounded arches entirely in the flyle of the illuminations of the 1 2th and beginning of 13th centuries. Figured, Du Sommerard, Album, 10 fer., pi. 15. No. 399. The cafket or chafTe of St. Yvet, from the ancient Abbey ofBraifne. iith century. 14 in. long by 7 in. wide. Rhenifh Byzan- tine. With a row of (landing figures of faints under narrow arches, with their names infcribed on the arches above their heads or on fcrolls in their hands. The Virgin, with the figures of the three Magi, occupies the middle of the front of the body of the cafket, and Chrifl, crowned, holding a book, in the adl of benedidlion, the middle of the back. A fimilar cafket in the Mufeum of the Louvre is defcribed ante^ pp. 240 and 393. Figured, Violet-le-Duc, Didl. Mobilier Franc, i., p. 215. No. 404. A grand cafket. 20 in. long by 12 in. With 51 compart- ments on the top and fides, with fcenes of Scripture hiflory feparated by bands of leaves and flowers. i6th century. No. 402. Cafket. Odlagonal, with fcenes of romance of the Toifon d’Or. 13th century. The top with allegorical figures of the virtues. No: 403. Cafket of Italian bonework. 15 in. by 8 in. With fcenes from a romance, in which feven infants are repeatedly introduced. See ante p. 253, No. 715. Figured, Violet-le-Duc, Di£l. Mobil. Franc., pi. ii. Nos. 421 and 424. Two cafkets, with Italian bonework, fmall and rudely executed. No. 400. A number of plaques of a cafket, of very rude Northern (?) work, including a figure of Chrifl. Calls defcribed above, p. 230. No: 395. Cheffman (?) 3J in. high, oval, with the upper part at one end fafhioned into a caflle with a baptifm in a large bowl. Below is Ivories in France. 399 An interefting horfeback. Sommerard, the Baptifm of Chrifl: and the Adoration of the Magi, piece of the iith or 12th century. Another ChefTman, a fmaller block, with figures on Cafl: defcribed above, p, 289, No. 816. Figured, Du Album, 10 fer., pi. 25. No. 401. Portion of a mirror cale, 14th century, of large fize, with beautiful figures of a king and queen feated, which have been fuppofed to be St. Louis and his mother. Queen Blanche, but the fculp- ture is more recent. Figured, Du Sommerard, Album, v. fer., pi. 37. Nos. 409, 410, 411, and 412 are mirror cafes, with fcenes of love and chivalry. Cafts of feveral of which are defcribed above, p. 301, No. 847, p. 303, No. 852. Nos. 418 and 1979. Two retables of Italian bonework, each in 15 compartments, with fcenes of the life and death of Chrift, and figures of faints ; the former 3^ ft. high. Both from the ancient Chartreufe of Dijon, and known as the “ Oratoires des ducheffes de Bourgogne.” No. 1980. Triptych of Italian bonework, with fcenes of the Paflion. 14th century. No. 1977. Head of a Tau paftoral ftafF ornamented with foliated arabefques. Found in the tomb of the Abbe Morard in St. Germain des Pres. Beginning of nth century. Barrault and Martin, Le Baton paftoral, p. 36, f. 40.^ No. 407. Head of a paftoral ftafF, the foliated volute fupported by an angel, the centre with a fmall ftatuette of the Virgin and Child and two angels. Mounted in filver, attributed to Nicolo Pifano. Figured in Le Baton paftoral, pi. XIX. No. 417. A crofs, 27 in. high, formed of 18 fmall plaques, partly gilt, with fcenes of the life of Chrift, in low relief, under Gothic canopies. French work. Figured, Du Sommerard, Atlas, ch. v., pi. 2. No. 1978. A plaque. 3^ in. by 2j in. A ftanding figure of a faint with outftretched arms ; beneath a radiated canopy, fimilar to the St. Mennas in the Brera Colledlion, defcribed above, p. 70. No. 406. Four plaques, each in two compartments, under three trefoiled Gothic arches, with fcenes of martyrdom of faints. Cafts defcribed above, p. 185. No. 481. A diptych of wood, having in the centre of each wing an oval ivory plaque, if in. long by in. wide, each containing 16 minute fcenes of the life of Chrift, entirely open cut. A wonderful piece of fine workmanftiip. 1 Several other ivory paftoral ftaves are defcribed and figured in Le Baton pas- toral ” from the Colle61:Ion of Prince Soltykolf. I do not know to whofe Colle6lions they paffed at the fale of his Mufeum. PARIS. HOTEL DE CLUNY. n. 400 Appendix. PARIS. No. 425. Two leaves of a diptych. 4-|-in. by 4 in. With 15 fcenes HOTEL DE qP Paflion of Chrift and death of the Virgin ; figures very fmall under trefoiled arches. Completely open cut. The figures are ill- drawn, but the workmanftiip is remarkable. No. 426. A triptych, the centre part with the Crucifixion of Chrift and the two Thieves, under a triangular pediment, with rofettes on the upper outer angles. The Virgin and St. John on the wings. The figures long and thin. No. 1987. Plaque, 12 in. by 4 in., in three compartments, feparated by bars with rofettes. 13th century. The Virgin ftanding, holding the youthful Chrift on her knee ; the death of the Virgin, and the coronation of the Virgin. The figures are tall and thin, with very fmall heads. No. 1981. A fine diptych partly gilt, each wing 6 in. by 5 in., with eight fcenes of the Paflion, feparated by bands with fmall rofettes, furmounted by triangular trefoiled Gothic arches. Sleeping Infant. i6th or 17th century. Caft defcribed above, p. 262. No. 413. A diptych. 15th century. Each leaf 6 in. by 4^ in. Each with fix fcenes of the life of Chrift, commencing at the bottom : I. The Annunciation ; 2. The Birth of Chrift ; 3. The Adoration of the Magi ; 4. The Prefentation in the Temple ; 5. The Treachery of Judas; 6. Judas hanging himfelf and the Flagellation; 7. The Crucifixion; 8. The Entombment; 9. The Rifing from the tomb; 10. The Afcenfion ; ii. The Defcent of the Holy Ghoft ; 12. The Coronation of the Virgin. Oblong plaque, coloured and gilt, with eight fcenes of the early life of Chrift under deprelTed ogee arches. Figured by Lenormant, Tres. Glypt., pt. I, f. 4. Diptych : the Annunciation and Birth of Chrift, i6th century. Lenormant, Tres. Glypt., II., pi. 26. Two tobacco graters, 17th century. See ante.^ p. 328. In addition to the above there are a confiderable number of 14th and 15th century devotional plaques and fmall diptychs of Gothic work- manftiip, together with a variety of articles of the i6th, 17th, and i8th centuries, many of which are illuftrated in M. Sommerard’s great work. Collection of Prince Czartoriski. Ile St. Louis, Paris. Statuette of ivory. 13th century. From St. Denis. A grand figure, 16 inches high, of a crowned prince, holding a book on his breaft. ILE ST. LOUIS. COLLEC- TION OF PRINCE CZARTO- IRSKI. Ivories in France. 401 Plaque. 6 in. by 4 in. Three compartments with fcenes of the birth of Chrift. Exceedingly rude in execution ; the figures without adfion. Diptych. 5 in. by 3^ in. End of the 15th century. The Birth of Chrift and the Offering of the Magi. Entirely in the ftyle of the block books. Collection of M. Le Comte Auguste de Bastard. This rich Collection contains many fine pieces hitherto undefcribed, the following have been figured : — Large Byzantine tablet of the Virgin and Child, with Greek infcrip- tion. Caft defcribed above, p. 79. Lenormant, Tres. Glypt., II., pi. 51. Plaque, with St. Mark feated writing his gofpel, above him is a large winged eagle holding a fcroll infcribed VOX CLAMANTIS. 1 2th century. Lenormant, Tres. de Glyptique, pt. 11 . , pi. 24. Plaque, Byzantine, with figure of St. Demetrius in fcale armour, the head uncovered, the name written in Greek characters vertically. I ith ‘century. Lenormant, Tres. Glypt., 11 . , pi. 37. Collection of M. le Vicomte de GenzL Lower portion of leaf of a Roman confular diptych. Caft de- fcribed above, p. 21. Leaf of a diptych. 14th century. Birth of Chrift. Caft defcribed above, p. 189. Collection of M. le Baron Brunet Denon. A comb of large fize with two rows of teeth, the intervening fpace on each fide occupied by fcenes in which a German emperor on horfe- back with his attendants receives the interceffion of the mother of a culprit ordered for execution. At the Tides are arabefques and figures of muficians. i6th century. Lenormant, Tres. Glypt., pt. L, pi. 37, 38. Collection of M. Depaules. Bas-relief of the Fall of Man. The ferpent with the head of a woman is coiled round the ftem of the tree from which Eve plucks an apple, offering another to Adam. A beautiful piece of Italian fculpture. 15th century. Figured, Lenormant, Tres. Glypt., pt. II., pi. 2. 30670. PARIS. ILE ST. LOUIS. COLLEC- TION OF PRINCE CZARTO- RISKI. COLLEC- TION OF M. LE . ICOMTE AUGUSTE DE BASTARD. COLLEC- TION OF M. LE VICOMTE DE GENZE. COLLEC- TION OF M. LE BARON BRUNET DENON. COLLEC- TION OF M. DEPAULES. c c Appendix. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF MONSIEUR LE BARON DE THEIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASI- LEWSKY. 402 Collection of Monsieur le Baron de Theis. (Exposition DE Paris, 1867.) A pyx. Jofeph feated on a throne, with the examination of the fack of corn and difcovery of the gold cup ; alfo the repaft of Jofeph and his brethren. 9th century. A group of three apoftles ftanding in bas-relief. 14th century. A group of three figures (one being a female) poflibly reprefenting the feizure of Chrift. 14th century. Fragment of a bas-relief of the Defcent of the Holy Ghoft, with fix feated apoftles holding books. 14th century. Diptych, with the Nativity, Adoration of the Magi, Crucifixion and Laft Judgment. 14th century. Mirror cafe, with the figures ftarting for the chafe under the walls of a chateau. 14th century. Collection of M. Basilewsky. (Exposition de Paris, 1865 AND 1867.) Conf. “ ColledBon Bafilewlky, Catalogue raifonne,” par A. Darcel et A. Bafilewfky, 2 vols., foL, Paris, 1874. This collection contains many important pieces, of which the chief are enumerated below ; thofe of the Gothic period having been exhibited in the different Paris exhibitions : — A ftatuette, of the early Chriftian period, of the Good Shepherd, clad in a ftiort tunic,^ bearing a lamb on His ftioulders, the head of the lamb furmounted by the monogram H. 3 in. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 5, pi. 5, f. 2, No. 26. Cylindrical pyx. 3J in. high, 4f in. in diameter. On one half the three children in the fiery furnace, an angel ftanding at the fide quenches the violence of the flames by extending a fmall crofs among them. On the other half thefe three male figures in Phrygian caps are ftanding before a feated king, who holds a circular difc in his left hand, marked with a crofs. Is this intended for Nebuchadnezzar 1 Early marble ftatues of the Good Shepherd are of the greateft rarity. There are two in the Mufeum of St. John Lateran, Rome, both of which are figured in an article on Early Chriftian Sculptures by the prefent writer, printed in the fecond volume of Mr. Parker’s Archaeology of Rome, and reproduced on the oppofite page. One of them agrees entirely with the ivory ftatuette] defcribed above. There is another marble ftatue of the fame fubje6l in the Collegio Romano. [ 7 o fate !>. 402. j In the Muleum of St, John Lateran, Rome. Ivories in France 403 and the Children after they had been delivered from the fire, or may it paris. typically be Herod and the three wife men ? Formerly in Dr. Hahn’s ^ ^ J J TION OF Colledfion at Hanover. Figured in his work, “ Funf Elfenbein-gefafTe des friiheften mittelalters,” Hanover, 1862, pi. i. No. i ; Bafilewlky, lewsky. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 5, pi. 2, f. 2. No. 27. Cylindrical pyx. 3 in. high. Jonah caft to the whale, and (of much larger fize) lying under the gourd upon the back of the whale. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 5, No. 28, pi. xii., fig. inf. This is an evident copy of the Milan pyx defcribed above, p. 273, No. 769, only the defign has been reverfed. In Dr. Hahn’s Colledfion was another ftill ruder copy. Cylindrical pyx. 3J in. high. i. Mofes receiving the Tables of the Law from the hand of God. 2. Mofes ftriking the Rock. ^ 3. Mofes Handing before an altar, on which is placed the Book of the Law, with two attendants, one holding a balket with circular loaves. Rude work. Cylindrical pyx. 3f in. high. Miracles of Chrift, reprefented as young and beardlefs, in the a£l: of blefling with the firft two fingers extended, i. Curing the demoniac, whofe hands and feet are chained. 2. The raifing of Lazarus. 3. The cure of the paralytic, who is carry- ing his bed away. 4. T'he curing of the blind. 5. Chrift and the woman with the bloody flux. 6. Chrift with the woman of Samaria at the well. .Figured, Hahn,' op. cit. tab. i., fig. 2, No. 3, and tab. iii.. No. 3 ; Catal. rais.,” p. 6, No. 30, pi. 2, fig. fup. On the cover are carved SS. Peter and Paul with a Byzantine crofs fupporting a circular difc, with a dove. Claflical plaque. 5I in. high by 3 in. wide. In two compartments. In the upper, a female figure reprefenting Tragedy, holding a tragic mafk, with three other perfons of fmaller fize. In the lower, a perfon of importance places his hands on the heads of two fmaller individuals ; two other individuals in the background. Catal. rais.,” p. 7, No. 31. The two leaves of a claflical diptych. Each leaf 14I- in. high. The two leaves are nearly identical in defign, each being occupied with combats between men, armed with ftrong fpears, and lions and lionefTes, feveral of the beafts being already mortally wounded. The adlion is very fpirited, but the men are too fhort in their proportions. Figured, “ Catal. Rais.,” p. ii. No. 45, pi. vi. Leaf of a previoufly undefcribed diptych of FI. Areobindus Daga- laiphus, A.D. 506, feated, and prefiding at the games of the circus. 15 J in. high. The conful with ftraight hair (attended by two male perfons, one with the hair in rolls, and the other with curls) is feated ^ on the curule chair, his right hand elevated holding the mappa circenfis. Above his head is a plain label, infcribed FL . AREOB . DAGAL . c c 2 4 ° 4 - Appendix. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASI- LEWSKY, AREOBINDVS . V . L . He holds a fceptre furmounted by an eagle, within a circular wreath, over which are two fmall figures. Beneath the footftool are feen the heads of ten fpedlators looking over the circular part of the circus, within which are combats of men and four bears, forne of the men being in bafkets affixed to an upright poft ; whilfi: another is throwing a fomerfault upon a pole to efcape the attack of one of the bears. Except in its minor details, efpecially of the lower part of the defign, this piece is quite like that of the fame conful figured by Gori, vol. i, tab. 7. Figured, “ Catal. rais.,” p. ii. No, 46, pi. 7, f. I. This ivory was exhibited at the Leeds International Exhibi- tion, in 1868, by Mr. Jofeph. It is confidered by M. Bafilewfky to be the other leaf of the diptych, of which one leaf was in the pofiTeffion of M. Du Tillot, of Dijon (Montfaucon, Antiq. Expl. Suppl. iii., p. 240). Another leaf was publifhed by Millin, Mon. inedits, t. i., p. 380, and Magas. Encyclop., 1812, t. iv. p. 445. The three other diptychs of Areobindus are—i, that figured by Gorius, Thef Dipt, i, p. 208 ; 2, that of Lucca, defcribed above, p. 17 ; and 3, that of Zurich, de- fer ibed below. Leaf of a confular diptych. 14-I- in. Of walrus bone, entirely refembling that of the Conful Probus Magnus, defcribed above, p. 22, No. 62, but with the figures fhorter, and with the label at the top of the leaf uninferibed. Between its lower edge, however, and the two feftoons of the garland are inferibed in raifed letters the words -f ARABONTI DEO VOTA +. This leaf was alfo exhibited by Mr. Jofeph at the Leeds Exhibition in 1868. Plaque, qj in. high, 4J in. wide. In three compartments. I. The Fall, Adam to the right, Eve ftanding near, her right hand taking a bunch of grapes from the ferpent rolled round a vine with fix fimilar bunches. To the left an angel ftanding, winged and feen in profile. 2. A boat (the Ark ?) with a mafl: in the middle and eight perfons in the boat, two birds on the yard arms. 3. The Sacrifice of Ifaac prevented by an angel. ‘‘ Execution barbare. Art Latin de vii® au viii. fiecle.’’ Catal. rais., p. 13, No. 48. Cafket, of Byzantine v/ork, formed of fmall fquare plaques, each with a figure of a man armed with a fword or fpear and fmall round fhield ; furrounded in the body of the cafket with rows of eight-leaved rofettes. Other plaques with combats of men and animals, or with animals at- tacking other beafts. The figures on the top of the cafket are carved upon long plaques, and enclofed in foliated branches, thus differing from the ufual ftyle of thefe cafkets. Catal. rais., p. 13, No. 49, pi. 8. Byzantine cafket. 9th (iith ?) century. The fides and top orna- mented with monftrous animals, each within a circular fpace, formed by Ivories in France. 405 the branches of a vine, the bundles of fruit occupying the upper and lower fpaces. Apparently by the artift of the Tenure horn defcribed above, p. 279, No. ’58. 266, with which it completely agrees in the ftyle of its workmanfhip. “ Catal. rais.,’’ p. 15, No. 51, pi. X. Horn. The mouth and centre part of the body of the horn, with feveral rows of monflirous animals within circular fpaces formed of vine branches intertwining together. Three bands of different widths are ornamented with narrow interlaced ribbons. Evidently by the fame artift as the cafket laft defcribed. From the ‘‘ Ancien Trefor de TEglife Saint Frimbourg, de Senlis.” “ Catal. rais.,” p. 16, No. 54, pi. xii. The flat antler of a reindeer. 32 in, ornamented with a band of branching taftic animals and birds. Defcribed century ; the narrow bafe carved into p. 16, No. 52, pi. xi. The fitula of Otho III. long. The entire margin being and foliated arabefques with fan- as Byzantine work of the 9th a lion’s head. “ Catal. rais.,” Defcribed above, p. 268, No. ’58. 180. Attenborough. Catal. rais.,” p. 17, No. 56, Byzantine diptych. iith century. W. 5! in. With femicircular top ; each leaf alfo divided into three compartments, each of which is feparated into two fcenes, making twelve in the whole, with ftiort Greek infcriptions over each. i. The Salutation. 2. The Vifitation. 3. I'he Nativity. 4. The Prefentation in the Temple. 5. The Baptifm. 6. The Transfiguration. 7. The entry into Jerufalem. 8. The Crucifixion. Chrift clad in a garment reaching to His knees ; the Virgin with two females on one fide of the Crofs, PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASI- LEWSKY. ; Obtained from Mr. pi. xiii. Plaque of a book cover. H. 6 in., W. 4 in. Byzantine. Three compartments, feparated by pearled bands, i. The Annunciation and Vifitation. 2. The Nativity and Prefentation in the Temple. 3. The Baptifm of Chrift and Raifing of Lazarus, who is nimbed and fwad- dled. All the nimbs are pearled. “ Catal. Rais.,” p. 19, No. 57. On the back is a long German infcription. Plaque of a diptych. Romanefque work. loth or iith century. H. 6 in., W. 5! in. The Crucifixion, with the St. Graal beneath the feet of Chrift ; Sol and Luna above the arms of the Crofs ; the fponge and fpear bearers, with the Virgin and St. John. The Women at the Holy Sepulchre and the Harrowing of Hell. “ Catal. rais.,” pp. 19, 58. Fragment of plaque of a diptych. Romanefque. iith century. H. 5J in., W. 5|- in. The Holy Women at the Sepulchre, the firft of whom holds the fudarium ; the fecond has a diadem over the veil which is arranged like a turban. ‘‘ Catal. rais.,” p. 21, No. 61. Each leaf, H 10^ in. by 4o6 Appendix. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASI- LEWSKY. St. John and another female on the other fide j the head of a man (Adam) at the foot of the Crofs. 9. The defcent into Hell. 10. Jefus in the midft of his eleven difciples, “ TON ©TPON KEKAEICMENON.” II. The Afcenfion, “ H HANAAH^IC.” ; and 12. Pentecoft. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 20, No. 60. Twelve circular draughtfmen. nth (12th?) century. Thefe are chiefly fculptured with different animals or birds. One reprefents the dream of St. Barlaam (who is feated at the top of a tree, at the bottom of which are two animals). Another reprefents a man and woman embracing each other , and others, combats of men and animals. The head of a Tau crofs. Eath end with the rude head of an animal biting a central Maltefe crofs. “ Catal. raifon.,” p. 24, No. 74. The circular palimpfefl: feal of Fulco ; each fide of which bears his bufl:, one fide being infcribed + SIGILLUM . FULCONIS . ARCHIDIACONI; the other, + SIGILLUM FULCONIS EPISCOPI. Romanefquc. nth century. Diameter, ij in. The heads of three pafloral ftaves. Each with a lamb or ram in the centre of the volute, which is terminated by the head of a dragon, nth century. Two of them defcribed by Father Martin, Melanges d’Archaeologie, t. iv. p. 198, and p. 207 ; “ Catal. raifon.,” pp. 24, 25, Nos. 76, 77, 78. The head of a Tau crofs. German work. 12th century. In the centre of each fide is a medallion, with bulls of Chrifl and of the Virgin and Child ; the two branches formed of foliage, and terminating in dragons’ heads. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 28, No. 86. An^inflrument, defcribed originally by Pafferi (Gorius, Thes. Vet. Dipt. Suppl. hi., p, 30, pi. X., who was, however, ignorant both of its ma- terial and locality) as a “ crepitaculum ecclefiaflicum,” and by Bafilewfky as a “couteau” j the handle flender and hexagonal, with figures of St. Peter on the front and St. Paul on the back Tides. Each fide of the broad blade is divided into four compartments, in which are rudely fculptured the Salutation, Nativity, Adoration of the Magi on one fide, and on the other the Agony in the Garden, Kifs of Judas, Flagellation, and Cruci- fixion. Italian (?). I2th century (?). “ Catal. raifon.,” p. 29, No. 87. A cafket of German work, 12th century, with narrow figures of the Apoftles and other Biblical perfonages in rows under rounded arches infcribed with their names. (Catal. rais., p, 20, No. 59.) A Byzantine cafket with plaques in compartments formed alternately of rofettes and faces. In front, in the middle, are two foldiers fighting with fwords and two other warriors. At the ends are warriors on horfeback, and on the top is a kneeling figure, with fpear and bow and fhield, and a naked figure. At back is a large plaque in the middle Ivories in France. 407 with two horfemen wearing turbans, and two fmaller plaques, each with a Tingle male figure. The figures are rather larger than is ufual in this kind of cafket. 9-1 oth century. Labarte, Expofition de THistoire du Travail, No. 1655; figured. Gazette des Beaux Arts, t. xix., p. 290 ; alfo, “ Catal. rais.,” p. 14, No. 50, pi. ix. Four plaques of Morefque work, each 10 in. high by 5 in. wide, gilt. The centre of each is divided by bars of geometrical work form- ing two fix-rayed fpaces, in which, in one piece, are two fantaftic birds with human heads, and a man riding on an elephant; on another is a lion devouring a man, and in the two others are eagles feizing hares. The fmaller compartments are occupied by fingle figures of birds and beafts in admirably defigned foliage. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 17, No. 55. The following are the moft important of the pieces of the Gothic period. A diptych of remarkable Italian (.^) or South of France work; early 14th century. H. 15 in. Each wing in four compartments; each compartment furmounted by four narrow Gothic trefoiled arches, the upper row furmounted by four plain triangular pinnacles. The fubjedfs on one leaf are, — Judas bargaining with the High Priefts ; the Betrayal, with St. Peter and Malchus ; the Flagellation ; Chrift bearing the Crofs ; the Defcent from the Crofs, with the fymbolical figure of the church on the left fide, and of the Synagogue on the right, the latter with the eyes bandaged, the fpear broken, and the tables of the law falling. The three Maries at tho tomb, and a ftanding figure of a man, with hands raifed in prayer (the donor of the diptych ?). On the other wing are — Judas hanging himfelf ; Chrift led away to Pilate; the Crucifixion of Chrift and the two thieves (the arms of the latter twifted round the limbs of the crofles) ; the Entombment and the Harrowing of Hell (reprefented as the monftrous open jaws of a beaft with huge teeth). The figures are tall and thin in their proportions, and their attitudes ftilf. (Catal. rais.. No. 100, p. 36, pi. xvii. From the Pourtales Colledfion.) A diptych of fine French work, 14th century, with the figures of larger fize than ufual. Each wing about 9 in. high by 5 in. wide. Each wing with two compartments, each of which is furmounted by an arcade of three trefoiled Gothic arches. On one wing is the Raifing of Lazarus and the entry into Jerufalem (the foal like a dog between the legs of the afs), and on the other wing the Crucifixion and the Entombment. (Catal. rais.. No. loi, p. 27 . From the Soltykoff Colleaion.) A diptych. End of 13th century. Each wing 7 in. high by 4 in. wide ; with the Annunciation, and Vifitation and Oft'ering of the Magi PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASl- LEWSKY. ; PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASI- LEWSKY. 408 Appendix. on one wing, and the Nativity and Prefentation in the Temple on the other. Figures fhort. Partly gilt. (Catal. rais., No. 102, p. 37. From the SoltykofF Colle 61 ;ion.) A diptych. Each wing 6 in. high by 4 in. wide. Each wing furmounted by a triangular pediment, beneath which is a trefoiled arch, and with a circular quatrefoil in each of the upper angles. On one leaf is the Birth of Chrift (the Virgin fuckling the Infant), and on the other is the Death of Chrift. A diptych of French work. Early 14th century, partly painted and gilt, with the figures larger and coarfer than ufual. Pilate wafhing his hands. The Elagellation. Judas bargaining with the Priefts. The Betrayal. Judas hanging himfelf. Chrift led to Judgment. Chrift bearing the Crofs. The Crucifixion. (Catal. rais.. No. 98, P- 35 -) A polyptych of good French work. The groups in two rows under trefoiled arches. The centre part 10 in. high by 6 in. wide, with a ftatuette of Chrift feated ; two angels at the fides holding the implements of the Paftion. At the feet of Chrift, in a trefoiled fpace, are fmall figures rifing from their graves, and at the Tides kneel an elderly man and a queen crowned (reprefenting, as I fuppofe, the perfonages for whom the piece was made, but regarded in the “ Catal. rais.” as the Virgin and St. John). Below, the Virgin ftanding between two angels holding tapers, and holding the Infant, beautifully executed. On the left wing are three female figures and the three Magi, and on the right wing are the Nativity (Jofeph holding the fwaddled Infant), and the Prefentation in the Temple. End of 13th century. Figured in the “ Gazette des Beaux Arts,” and in the “ Catal. rais.,” No. 93, pi. xvi., p. 31.) A polytych, fmaller than the laft defcribed, with the workmanfhip ruder and poflibly Italian. The centre part 8 in. high by 4 in. wide. Partly painted. Above, in the middle piece, is Chrift fhowing his pierced hands to a male and female kneeling at each Tide. Below are the Virgin and Child with two angels. On the upper part of the Tides are repreTented the Tymbolical figures of the Church and Syna- gogue, two angels with trumpets and two angels bearing the CroTs and Crown of Thorns. On the under part of the Tides are the PreTen- tation in the Temple and the Adoration of the Magi. End of 13th century. (Catal. rais.. No. 94, p. 31.) A grand feated figure of the Virgin, with the Child on her left arm, holding a bird. 14 in. high. The drapery very deeply cut and excellently defigncd, Erench work. Early 13th century. ‘‘ Catal. rais.,” p. 30, No. 90. Ivories in France. 409 Another feated figure of the Virgin and Child, who holds the edge of the mantle of His Mother with his right hand. End of 13th century. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 31, No. 91, pi. xv. A grand ftanding figure of the Virgin, 16 in. high, holding the Infant on her left arm and a flower in her right hand. The Child holds an apple in his left hand. The figure is admirably pofed and the drapery deeply cut. 13th century. Catal. rais.,” p, 29, No. 89. Head of the ftaff of an Italian (?) confraternity, with a ftanding lion holding the head of a man between his forefeet. 14th century. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 39, No. 107. Head of a very rudely executed Pafloral Staff, with a dragon’s head at the end of the whorl, and a lamb holding a banner in the centre, the volute ornamented with gold defigns bordered with black and red. 12th century. “ Catal. rais.,” p. 25, No. 78. A Diptych. French. Early 14th century. With the following fubjedts, feparated by bars with rofettes : — The Bargain of Judas; ' the Betrayal, with Peter and Malchus ; Chrift before Pilate ; Judas - hanging himfelf ; the Flagellation and the Mocking of Chrift, whofe head and face are covered^ by a cloth ; the bearing of the Crofs ; the Crucifixion ; the Depofition from the Crofs ; the Entombment ; the Women at the Sepulchre ; and the Noli me tangere. (Catal. rais., p. 32, No. 95. From the Pourtales Colledfion.) Three plaques (4J in. fquare), each divided into two compartments ; each of which is furmounted by an arcade of fix rounded crocketted arches. The fubjedls are : i. Chrift waftiing the feet of the Difciples. The Laft Supper. The Annunciation. The Vifitation. The Nativity. 2. The Agony in the Garden. The Betrayal. The Adoration of the Magi. The Murder of the Innocents, (the foldiers in armour). 3. The Crucifixion. The Entombment. The Raifing of Lazarus, and the entry into Jerufalem. 13th century. Good French workman- fhip. From the Colledfion of M. Daugny. ‘‘ Catal. rais.,” p. 34, No. 97. A circular box, defcribed as made for the Sainte Chapelle, with fcenes of the birth of Chrift, the Adoration of the Magi, the Flight into Egypt, and the Malfacre of the Innocents, under painted Gothic trefoiled arches; the figures in flight relief. End of 13th century. French work. Catal. rais.,” p. 30, No. 92. The colle6f:ion alfo comprifes feveral other triptychs and diptychs of French workmanfhip of the Gothic period, together with five mirror cafes of the 14th centur)q two other paftoral ftaves and two carved horns of Scandinavian ? work, all of which are defcribed in the “ Catalogue raifonne.” PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. BASI- LEWSKY. ; PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. CAR- PENTIER. COLLEC- TION OF M. GER- MEAU. 410 Appendix. Collection of M. Carpentier. (Exposition de Paris, 1865.) No. 277. A fmall plaque (3J in. high by in. wide), partly gilt, with reprefentation of the Crucifixion ; the figure of Chrifi: much bent, with a fword extending from the fide of Chrifi: to the breafi: of the Virgin. The fpear-bearer (Longinus) kneeling to the left fhading his eyes with his left hand. No. 887. A grand plaque, with St. Jerome holding a fkull refling on the back of the lion, with an angel in the clouds blowing a trumpet. No. 378. A fine group of the three Graces treated as flatuettes ; about 10 in. high. Two circular deeply cut draughtfmen, each with figures of men attacking different animals. Small ivory box, with figures of centaurs, lions, &c. German. 1 2th century. Mounted in filver. Catal. Mus. retrofpedl., 1865, 4to. 5 alfo Linas, L’Hifloire du Travail a Pexpofit univers. de 1867. Collection of M. Germeau. (Exposition de Paris, 1865.) Two fmall Byzantine plaques with figures of Adam and Eve (evidently the two wanting pieces from the great Darmfladt cafket). No. 583. Diptych of Italian bonework. In the centre a fine figure of the Virgin flanding, holding the Infant, and at the fides St. Paul and another faint holding chains. A cafket with plaques of men fighting with animals, and on the flanting fides of the top are rows of monflrous beafls. A fecond cafket with fantaflic animals. 9th century. A remarkable Byzantine diptych, each wing 10 in. high by 6 in. wide, with the tops rounded, each divided into fix compartments ; with Greek infcriptions over each group, iith century. On the left wing are : — The Annunciation. The Baptifm of Chrifi. St. John flands on the left fide above, and a figure holding a water-pot (perfonifying the river Jordan) at the bottom. Three angels to the right. The Chrifi and three attendants raifing a kneeling figure. The Vifitation. The Transfiguration. Chrifi with Mofes and Elias flanding on a crefcent. Three apoflles lying beneath. Chrifi flanding on a flool in the midfl of his difciples. Ivories in France. 411 Oil the right wing are : — The Nativity. Above the bed of the Virgin are two angels. Jofeph is feated, and two female attendants are placing the Infant in a vafe. The entry of Chrift into Jeru- falem, riding on the back of an afs, feated fideways (Zaccheus not reprefented). The Afcenfion. Chrift is borne upwards in a circular aureola by two angels ; beneath are the dif- ciples with the Virgin in the midft of them. The Prefentation in the Temple. The Crucifixion. The feet apart refting on a fcabellum. Tfie Defcent of the Holy Ghoft upon the difciples, who are ranged on either fide in vertical rows (the heads only of the upper figures being vifible) having an oblong plain fpace in the middle of the lower part of the piece. A tall ftanding figure of the Virgin and Child, i6 in. high, entirely wanting in dignity j the Child holding an apple ; the drapery well caft but fliallow. Six circular draughtfmen. Statuette of St. Catherine holding part of a broken wheel. 14th century. Collection of M. De Notors. (Exposition de Paris, 1865.) A French diptych, 15th century, of good work, each leaf 8 in. high by 5 in wide ; 'with the following fcenes of the Paftion of Chrift ; Judas bargaining with the Chief Priefts ; the Betrayal ; Judas hanging himfelf; Chrift before Pilate ; Chrift bearing the Crofs ; Crucifixion; the Depofition from Crofs ; the Entombment ; the women at the Sepulchre ; the Noli me tangere ; and the Harrowing of Hell repre- fented as an immenfe head with open jaws. Collection of M. Gatteau. (Exposition de Paris, 1865.) A fmall ftanding ftatuette of the Virgin and Child, 6 in. high. The Child fondles the chin of his mother, who holds an apple in her right hand ; the pofe of the Virgin is excellent, and the drapery admirably treated. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. GER- MEAU. ; COLLEC- TION OF M. DE NO- TORS. COLLEC- TION OF M. GAT- TEAU. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. GAT- TEAU. COLLEC- TION OF M. DUQUE- NELLE. COLLEC- TION OF M. FIRMIN DIDOT. COL- LECTION OF M. FREDERIC SPITZER, 412 Appendix, A feated ftatuette of the Virgin offering her right breaft to the naked Infant. Proportions exaggerate, d ; the neck of the Virgin much too long. A ftanding figure of the Virgin, 14 in. high, with long ftreaming hair, the face without grace, the folds of the drapery very widely caff at the Tides and clofe in the middle. The Child held on her right hand turns very awkwardly towards the fpedfators, and is clad in long drapery from the waift to the knees. Collection of M, Duquenelle. Antique bas-relief, part of a cafket, with figures of Bacchus, Mer- cury, Silenus and Satyr, furrounded by an ovule border. 3rd century. Collection of M. Firmin Didot. Plaque, Byzantine work (affixed to a copy of the Gofpels), being a duplicate of the reprefentation of the Crucifixion, defcribed above, p. 96 (No. 218), the authenticity of which has been doubted. Collection of M. Frederic Spitzer. (Alsace Exposition de Paris, 1874.) A portable altar with fmall fquare plaques at the Tides and ends, each with ftanding figures of faints very well defigned and deeply cut, with foliated borders. 9th or lOth century. Plaque of a book cover. Byzantine, iith century. In the centre is a half-length figure of the Virgin, feated, holding the Infant ; under a flattened teffelated canopy. A grand triptych with crockets at the- top. In the centre, at top, Chrift and the Virgin feated in glory, with an angel on each fide hold- ing a taper. Below, four angels fupport an aureola containing a figure of the Virgin, four others at the fides playing on inftruments of mufic. Below is the death of the Virgin and the bearing of the coffin, from which a man hangs by his arms. Three ivory cafkets, two with fcenes of chivalry, tilting, love- making, &c., and one with fcenes of the Paffion of our Lord. Three pentiptychs or fhrines, with folding doors, each enclofing a ftatuette of the Virgin and Child, and with fcenes of the life of Chrift on the wings. Two fine ftanding ftatuettes of the Virgin and Child. 13th and 15th centuries. Ivories in France. 413 Collection of M. Arondel. (Exposition Universelle de Paris, 1867.) ^ A draughtfman, with figure of a fantaftic animal. io-i2th century. Another draughtfman, with figure of a knight clad in a coat of mail and with a helmet with nafal. 12th century. Mirror cafe, ftarting for the chafe. 14th century. Comb with double row of teeth, on one fide a tournament, on the other a woman in a bath. 15th century. A draughtfman, with two men wrellling. 15th century. Comb with the fpace between the two rows of teeth open-cut with medallions and foliage. i6th century. Five beads of a ‘‘ dezain,” each formed of two bulls of a man and woman. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M. ARONDEL. ; Collection of Baron Ch. Davillier. (Exposition Univer- selLe de Paris, 1867, and Alsace Exposition de Paris, 1874.) An antique ivory ( ill century) found near Cavaillon (Vauclufe), 5 in. by 2 in. Three genii dancing and one playing on the double flute ; in the centre an altar with a flame on its top. Very flat work. A pyx, 4 in. high, 3J in. diameter ; with large circles, inclofing a man on horfeback, with a hawk on his wrill, and feveral fantaftic birds, beafts, and dragons. A flat box, 6 in. by 3J in., of Arab work, with birds and beafts. Statuette of the Virgin, with head uncovered, fuckling the infant Chrift, who is writing on a fcroll held by the Virgin. 13th century. Leaf of a fmall diptych : the Nativity. 14th century. Leaf of a diptych : the Annunciation. 14th century. A pair of writing tablets : on the left leaf is reprefented the game of morrha, played with the varying number of the fingers. Leaf of a fmall diptych, with the dead Chrift lying on the lap of the Virgin. i6th century. A draughtfman : two workmen engaged in raifing a piece of timber for a building. A powder flalk, with figure of Venus in a bath and Cupid afleep, in very low relief. i6th century. COLLEC- TION OF BARON CH. DAVILLIER. Collection of M. Micheli. Four panels, portions of an Italian calket, 7th century, with mira- collec- cles of Chrift. Calls defcribed above, P- 43 - micheli. PARIS. COLLEC- TION OF M, MICHELI. COLLEC- TION OF M. l’aBBE TEXIER, COL- LECTION OF M. SELLIERES, 414 Appendix. Plaque of a book cover : Baptifm of Chrift. 9th century. Caft defcribed above, p. 106. Plaque of a book cover. loth century. Chrift feated with his difciples. Caft defcribed above, p. 143. Part of an Italian bonework retable. 14th century. Baptifm of Chrift. Cafts defcribed above, p. 206. Statuette of the crowned Virgin and Child. Caft defcribed above, p. 261. Cafket, reputed to have belonged to the monaftery of St. Gall. 9th or loth century. On the top the Lamb adored by four angels and by the four and twenty elders of the Apocalypfe, the hand of God from above emitting five rays of light on the Lamb. (Didron, Icon, de Dieu, p. 330.) Diptych : the Annunciation, Adoration of Magi, Crucifixion and various faints. See ante^ p. 321. IVo pieces of an Italian bone cafket : the Nativity. See ante^ p. 253. Two pieces of an Italian bone cafket : the Annunciation. See ante.^ p. 252. Two pieces of an Italian bone retable : the Baptifm of Chrift. See ante^ p. 206. Collection of M. L’Abbe Texier. HeadofTau paftoral ftafF, the top forming a large reverfed tri- angular head, the outer angles terminating in lions’ heads. Texier in Annales Archeologiques, t. x. p. 177 ; Barrault and Martin, Le Baton paftorale, p. 35, f. 37. Collection of M. Sellieres. Portable altar, iith century. Figured, Violet le Due, Diet. Mobilier Fran^ais. Meubles, p. 29 ; Labarte, Hift. d’Arts Induftr., Texte, Sculpt., v. 1. Sold at the SoltykofF Sale for 3,000 francs. Paftoral ftaff. From the Soltykoff Colledlion. Figured, Moyen Age, Sculpture, t. v. ; Cahier and Martin, Melanges d’ArcheoL, t. iv. pi. 18. Sold at the Soltykoff Sale for 1,700 francs. Triptych. Byzantine. End of iith century. In the middle piece is a very tall ftanding figure of the Virgin, holding the Infant in her arms, beneath a pierced canopy refting on fide columns, from the top of which fpring leaves. Each wing with three circular medallions, the two top ones with bufts of angels, the middle ones with bufts of Ivories in France. 415 two faints, and the two bottom ones with bufts of two warrior faints, each holding a fpear ; none of thefe figures nimbed. From the SoltykofF Colledfion. Sold to M. Sellieres for 2,040 francs. Figured, Labarte, Hift. Arts Induftr., Album, Sculpture, pi. ii. Plaque. H. 7 in. by W. 5 in. 9th century. Rhenifh Byzantine. A curioufly arranged piece. In the centre is the Crucifixion ; the figure of Chrifl: completely clothed to the feet, confiderably bent, the head with a cruciferous nimbus, the feet nailed feparately. At the top of the crofs, a large wreath hanging above the titulus ; at the foot of the crofs a vafe ; at the end of the arms two circular medallions, with the radiated head of Sol and the head of Luna with the crefcent. To the left, at the bottom, ftands the Virgin holding a fpice box, and to the right St. John ; beneath are the three Maries and the angel at the tomb. At the top, to the left, is the Saviour feated in glory within an oval ftelliferous aureola, and to the right is Chrifi: afcending to heaven with the hand of the Father outftretched from a cloud, the heads only of the difciples appearing above the right arm of the Crofs. Figured, Labarte, Hift. des Arts Induftr., Album, Sculpt., pi. 14. Collection of M. Maltvet. Diptych. 14th century. French work. Each wing in three com- partments. At the bottom are the Annunciation, the Birth of Chrift and the Adoration of the Magi. In the middle, the treachery of Judas, St. Peter cutting off the ear of Malchus, the Crucifixion and Chrift rifing from the Tomb. At the top are the Afcenfion (the feet only of Chrift feen above) and the Defcent of the Holy Ghoft. Figured, Labarte, Hift. des Arts Induftr., Album, Sculpt., pi. 19. Sold at the Soltykoff Sale to A'l. Malivet for 3,675 francs. Collection of M. le Comte de l’Escalopier. Large diptych, 14th century, with fcenes of the Pallion. Caft defcribed above, p. 18 1. Collection of the “ Union Centrale.’’ (Exposition de Paris, 1865.) A ftanding figure of the Virgin and Child ; the latter fully draped looking towards his mother, and holding a bird in his right hand. A plaque. 4 in. high by 3 in. wide. Openwork. 15th century; with the Virgin and Child in the centre, and St. John holding the Lamb of God with a flag on the left fide, and St. Catherine with broken wheel and palm branch on the right fide. PARIS. COL- LECTION OF M. SELLlilRES. COL- LECTION OF M. MALIVET. COLLEC- TION OF M. LE COMTE DE l’esca- LOPIER. COLLEC- TION OF THE UNION CEN- trale.” AMIENS. BOULOGNE SUR MER. ROUEN. BIBLIO- THEQUE PUBLIC^E, ROUEN. PUBLIC MUSEUM, 416 Appendix. Amiens. Public Museum. Plaque with the Baptifm of Clovis. From the Colledion of M. Rigollot. Caft defcribed above, p. 147. Boulogne sur Mer. Public Museum. Ivory cafket. 14th century. Caft defcribed above, p. 246. De- fcribed by M. Marmin-Pamart, in Proc. verbal of Soc. Agric., &c., Boulogne, 1834. Comb llightly graven, found in a cemetery at Pindihum. Rouen. Bibliotheque Publique. ‘‘ Livre dMvoire ” MS., No. Y 27 (containing the oath taken by Archbiftiop of Rouen and his suffragans. See Turner, Tour in Nor- mandy, i. 214.) On the covers are fixed the two leaves of an ivory diptych of a claflical charadler (6th or 7th century), each leaf 9 in. by 4 in., of fimilar defign. On the front St. Peter is reprefented ftanding facing the fpedlator (7 in. high), with the head beardlefs, turned a little towards his right fhoulder, between two longitudinally grooved columns with elongated acanthus-leaved capitals fupporting a triangular pediment, within which is a circular fluted fhell ; two birds occupy the upper angles above the pediment. The faint is clad in a long cloak which entirely covers his right arm and hand extended acrofs his cheft, whilft his left hand holds a Angle key. The head is fur- rounded by a plain circular nimbus. The furface of the ivory is very much worn. The whole is furrounded by a border with the femi-oval egg pattern. On the back leaf of the diptych is reprefented an aged faint, evidently St. Paul, ftanding fideways, with a moderate fized beard, the right arm enveloped in the cloak, but with the hand open ; the left hand holding a fhort fcroll ; the cloak hangs loofe behind the back. The adlion is eafy, and the figure well proportioned. Rouen. Public Museum. A Pyx. 3 in. high, 4I in. in diameter. 7th or 8th century ; with the Birth of Chiift and the offering of the Magi. The former is treated in a very Ample manner. The Holy Infant lies fwaddled on a large pillow upon a low plain brick column. On either fide are feen the Ivories in France 4^7 front part of the bodies of the ox and afs, their heads turned back rouen. regarding the Child, above whom a ftar is feen ; a male figure alfo public ftands with uplifted hands on each fide, near the two animals, evidently intended for the fhepherds. No Virgin, nor angel, nor flocks are introduced. In the other fubject, the Virgin is feated on a chair holding the Infant on her knees. Jofeph ftands at her fide, the Infant flretches out His right arm to receive the offering of the firft of the Magi, who approaches with bent body, wearing a Phrygian cap ; his cloak flying upwards behind his head, his coat (reaching half down his thighs) girt round the waift, his outflretched hands bear a large bafin. The two other Magi, fimilarly clad and in the fame attitude, approach after each other. Tau. 4 in. acrofs. loth or iith century. Carved, in openwork, ) with elegant flowing arabefque with foliage. In the middle, on one fide, is a figure with the head bare holding a book and a round-headed pafloral ftaff. On the other fide the bufl of a naked man, with arms partly outflretched holding the pearled border of the oval compartment in which the figure is carved ; in the flat rounded ends are repre- fented, within the whorls of the foliated arabefques, on one fide a lion, the head of a dragon with a wolf (?), and on the other a bird and a dragon. This tau is figured by Barrault and Martin in “ Le Baton Paflorale,’’ p. 31, and an interpretation of the various figures is given, the fmall naked figure being confidered as reprefenting a Child of the New Law, foretold by Ifaiah, ch. xi. and Ixii., furrounded by human paflions fymbolized by the various beafls. Plaque. 4^ in. by 2| in. 9-ioth century. Chrifl in glory feated within an oval aureola, the border of which is ornamented with a row of quatrefoil rofettes, which is fupported by four very flender angels, the two lower of whom are reprefented flanding in energetic atti- tudes. The Chrifl is quite young and beardless, with a cruciferous nimbus. He is feated on a rainbow, the knees wide apart j He holds a book on His left knee, and the right hand was raifed (but is now broken off). The whole furrounded by a beautiful foliated border of acanthus. The workmanfhip is excellent, in high relief. Plaque. 6 in. high by 7 ,^ in. wide, i ith or 12th century. The De- pofition from the Crofs, in a funk panel with plain flanting border. Above the arms of the Crofs are the bulls of two angels. The Crofs has its margins ornamented with a crenulated border ; a dove holds a crown in the upper arm of the Crofs. The head of Chrifl is without a nimbus, the beard fhort, hair long, a towel girt round the loins. Nicodemus (holding the body of Chrifl round the waifl), and another figure fland on the left fide of the Crofs j to the right is a figure, fully robed, with a nimbus 30670. D D ROUEN. PUBLIC MUSEUM, ^i8 Appendix. pundtured within the circular margin, drawing the nail out of the left: hand of Chrift with a pair of pincers. At the foot of the Crofs is a chalice of the early form, and at the bottom of the piece are the bufts of two angels pointing to the robe of Chrift hanging in the middle. Execution rude. Triptych, of Italian bonework. The Crucifixion, with St. Paul and a martyred faint. Tablet. 14th century. French Gothic. 3|in. byajin. Above, a lady and gentleman playing chefs, with two attendants. Below, the gentleman and lady are riding out hawking. Statuette of the Virgin and Child. 10 in. high. 14th century. The feated Virgin holds the fuckling Infant on her right knee, with an apple in her hand. The drapery is deeply cut and well arranged, but the principal figure is too fhort in its proportions. Statuette of the Virgin and Child. 9 in. high. 13th century. The Virgin, ftanding eredl, holds the Infant on her left arm, her right hand holding a broken fceptre. Her body is thrown back, but the head is bent downwards towards the Child, who holds an apple in one hand and a book in the other. The drapery is arranged in many folds. Statuette of the Virgin and Child. 9 in. high. 13th century. The Virgin, ftanding, holding the Infant on her right arm, and a bird in her left hand. Much injured. • Plaque. 6 in. by 4 in. loth or iith century. The angel (to the left) appearing in a dream to Jofeph fleeping on a bed, which ftands on four plain legs beneath a circular arch furmounted by a ball. The wing of the angel is affixed to the body by a narrow flat bar. Rude work. Two plaques, each 5J in. by 4 in. End of 15th century, i, Chrift bearing the Crofs. 2, the Crucifixion of Chrift and the two Thieves. Attendants on horfeback ; the fun and moon in high relief. Rude work, the defigns fimilar to thofe in the Block books. Pax. 6 in. high. End of 15th century. St. Sebaftian bound to a tree pierced with arrows by two bowmen. Pax. 4 in. high. Slightly crocketted at top. A rude figure of Chrift, ftanding in the tomb, holding the Crofs, infcribed ECCE HOMO. Pax. 4 in. high. The Crucifixion, in rude workmanfhip. Ivories in France. 419 Collection of M. E. Dutuit of Rouen. (Exposition de Paris, 1865 and 1867). A cafket, with fmall Byzantine plaques reprefenting men combating with lions, and with borders of fantaftic animals, feparated by rows of rofettes. Diptych. French work, of excellent execution. 15th century. Each wing about 8 in. by 5 in., with reprefentations of the following fcenes of the life of Chrift : — The Annunciation, the Nativity, the Adoration of the Magi (a fervant whipping the horfes), the Treachery of Judas, St. Peter cutting olF the ear of Malchus, Judas hanging him- felf, the Crucifixion, Chrift rifing from the Sepulchre, the Afcenfion ^ (the feet of the Saviour only vifible in the clouds), and the Defcent oT the Holy Ghoft. Diptych, alfo of French work. 14th century. Each wing 7 in. by 5 in. The figures are here much larger and finer than in the majority of this clafs of objedls, although the treatment of the fiabje(fts is fimilar. The Entry of Chrift into Jerufalem, the Betrayal, with St. Peter and Malchus, the Flagellation, the Laft Supper and the Crucifixion. A curious Byzantine crucifix in filver, which opens by a hinge at the end of one of the arms, forming two crolTes filled with fmall com- partments with miniature fcenes of the life of Chrift in open cut work. Mounted in niello. 13th century. Two fets of carved beads for a dizain,” fculptured with human heads, (kulls, &c., to one fet a fmall crucifix is attached. Lille. Public Museum. Statuette of a bearded perfon, with naked feet, the head crowned, clad in a cloak draped in the antique manner, holding a globe in his right hand. Morfe ivory. lOth century. Lille. Exposition d’Objets d’Art Religieux, 1874. The “Expofition d’Objets d’Art Religieux” at Lille, in 1874, com- prifed a fplendid collection of religious articles of all clalTes, brought together from the churches of the north-eaft of France, on the occafion of the “ Fetes du Couronnement de Notre Dame de la Treille.” Amongft thefe were not fewer than 36 ivory crucifix figures of Chrift, of various fizes, one being 28 in. high ; alfo a confiderable number of ftatuettes of the Virgin and Child, ftanding or feated, and many groups of Bible ROUEN. COLLEC- TION OF M. E. DUTUIT. LILLE. PUBLIC MUSEUM. LILLE. EXPOSI- TION, 1874. 420 Appendix. LILLE. EXPOSI- TION, 1874. fcenes. Thefe were, for the moft part, of comparatively modern work- manfhip. The following were of a more ancient date : — A Roman Chriftian tefTera, in. in diameter. In the centre an anchor with the A and CO beneath the arms, and with two fifties below the much curved limbs of the anchor. A very fine figure of Chrift, 6 in. high, carved in almofl: complete relief, feated on a rainbow, holding a book in His left hand, the right hand raifed in the a6I of benediction in the Latin manner, iith century. On the back are the fymbols of St. Mark (the lion), and St. John (the eagle). Coll. M. le Preftdent Quenfon, St. Omer. A rude Italo-Byzantine figure of Chrift (lo-iith? century), with a cruciferous nimbus. His right hand raifed in benediction in the eaftern manner, (landing between figures of the Virgin (SA MA RIA), and St. John (S 10 hA.) A bad copy of the South Kenfington ivory. No. 138. ’66 (Mafkell Cat. p. 53), except that over the fide figures are introduced fleur-de-lys, and under their feet are fantaftic animals. An oblong piece, in. long by 3 in. high, divided into three com- partments. I. Herod feated in a chair to the right, in the middle an attendant holds an infant aloft, another child lying dead on the ground at his feet ; behind are two mothers wailing. 2. The baptifm of Chrift, the Saviour is quite infantile, with a plain nimbus, the Baptifl, holding a curved pedum, places his other hand on the Child’s head, over which the facred Dove hovers ; to the right the river Jordan defcends from the clouds. 3. Chrift: (landing in the centre holding a fcroll ; to the right the mafler of the Feafl at Cana, alfo holding a roll ; to the left a fervant pouring water into one of four pots. The whole furrounded and the compartments feparated by borders of the egg and leaf pattern, the figures ftiort and fimple. 9th or loth century. A portable altar, the front and back each with fix plaques of fcenes of the life of Chrift, in deep relief and much open-cut ; three others of the fame charaCler at each end, and a raifed rim round the top and bottom with a foliated arabefque. iith or I2th century. A plaque, 8 in. long by 4 in. high, with a group of 10 figures, with round limple nimbi, the one in the centre (a bifhop ?) with his left hand open, his right hand refting on the head of a male figure (looping before him holding a maniple. One of the other figures holds a book open. All the figures are fhort and broad, without any attributes, feveral of them, however, hold books, iith ? century. A polyptych, enclofing a ftatuette of the Virgin and Child, the latter of whom is in the a6l of benedidlion with the right hand, his left holding a globe, beneath an elegant trefoiled canopy fupported in front Ivories in France. 421 by very flender columns ; an angel places a crown on the head of the Virgin. On the wings are the Annunciation, Vifitation, Nativity, Vifit of the Magi, Prefentation in the Temple, the Epiphany. Excellent work. End of 13th century. (M. Planquart, Lille.) Another polyptych of fimilar character to the laft, but much larger, the ftatuette of the Virgin being nearly a foot high ; (he holds a rofe in her left hand ; under a Gothic canopy. Her drefs is much painted and gilt. On the wings are eight fcenes connefted with the birth of Chrift. 14th century. (M. Ozenfant, Lille.) Triptych; a curious piece, the centre being occupied with the Crucifixion, two winged angels catching the blood falling from His hands into chalices. The Virgin and St John at the fides, the Magdalen at the foot of the crofs ; the holy dove hovers over the top of the crofs, and above it is the Tetragrammaton name of God in Hebrew. On the wings are the four Evangelifts, feated, writing, with their winged fymbols. Partly painted and gilt. Afcribed to the 15th century, but it appears to me to be a much more modern produ 61 :ion. (M. De Vicq, Lille.) Diptych. 14th century. Good French work. Each leaf with four compartments, each furmounted by three trefoiled and croquetted arches. The fcenes reprefented are, — Chrift riding to Jerufalem, the foal running beneath the afs ; the kifs of Judas ; Chrift healing the fervant’s ear; the Laft Supper (Judas kneeling) ; the Crucifixion ; Chrift wafhing the feet of the difciples ; the Flagellation ; the Agony in the Garden, and the Embalment. Laon. Treasury of Cathedral. Calket, with fculptures reprefenting the hiftory of David. Guene- bault, Di6lionn. Iconogr. (Art. David). Rheims. Public Museum. Cafket covered with plaques of ivory, the borders formed of rofettes with foliated branches enclofing fmall bas-reliefs, Adam and Eve, men in armour, fportfmen, &c. loth century. Rheims. Treasury of Cathedral. Fragments of the ftem of a paftoral ftaft, divided horizontally into 15 compartments, containing Chriftian fubje 61 :s, from the Annunciation to the Defcent of Chrift to Hades, nth century. Photogr. S. Kens. Mus. Library, Portfol. 333, No. 53,983. LILLE. EXPOSI- TION, 1874. ; LAON. TREASURY OF CATHE- DRAL. RHEIMS. PUBLIC MUSEUM. RHEIMS. TREASURY OF CATHE- DRAL. 422 Appendix, RHEIMS. TREASURY OF CATHE- DRAL. TROYES. TREASURY OF THE CATHE- DRAL. METZ. MUSEE PUBLIQUE. Ivory comb of St. Bernard, with tfwo rows of teeth, the middle fpace divided into four compartments containing fmall full-length figures of faints. On one fide are thofe of SS. Peter, Paul, John Baptift, Catherine, Matthew, Fiacre and Laurencius. On the other fide are other faints. Rude work. I2th? century. Photogr. S. Kenfington Mus. Library, Portfol. 333, No. 53,963 ; Cerf, Hiftoire de Notre Dame de Reims, vol. ii., 1861 ; Marquet et Dauphinot, Trefor de la Cathedrale de Reims, 1867. Troyes. Treasury of the Cathedral. Statuette of the Virgin and Child. Cafi: defcribed above, p. 260. An odfagonal ivory cafket of Perfian or arabefque work, about 9 in. high. A re 61 :angular Byzantine cafket of purple tinted ivory, with flat top on which are reprefented two cavaliers on horfeback clad in fcale armour, crowned, bearing a lance and coming out of a building. In front are two cavaliers combating a lion. On the back, a man and two dogs are fighting a wild boar. On the fides are fantaflic birds or griffins. loth century. Willemin, Monum. ined. France, I., pi. 17. Note. — The two pieces of the Byzantine cafket defcribed above, in pages 94 and 95, are evidently copied from this Troyes cafket, faid to have been brought from Conftantinople. Metz. Musee Publique. Plaque, front cover of an Evangeliarium. loth century. The Crucifixion admirably executed. Chrifl: clad in a fhort garment, with the feet feparately nailed. Above are two angels in the clouds, with the fun and moon. At the fides of the Crofs are the fponge and fpear bearers, together with a female figure, reprefenting the Church, holding a cup, and another female turning her back on the Crofs, as well as the Virgin and St. John. Below the Crofs, in the centre, is an ornamented column, at the foot of which appears a cave, within which is a tonfured head, infcribed in very minute charadlers ADALBERO CRVCIS XPI SERVVS, whilft at the top of the pillar are reprefented Adam and Eve among trees. Figures emblematical of Earth and Water occupy the bottom angles of the plaque, above which are full length figures of the four Evangelifls, each with the head of his fymbolical animal, and above thefe are two fmall temple-like graves, from which figures are coming Ivories in France 423 forth. The whole is enclofed by a rich foliated border. The perfonage metz. mentioned above is either Adalbero I. (died 929) or II. (died 1005), mus^ie both Bilhops of Metz. See Baftard in Bulletin du Comite de I’Hiftoire de la France, tom. iv. pp. 662, 862. Metz. Sacristy of the Cathedral. The ivory paftoral ftafF, faid to be that of the firft Bifhop of Metz, metz. in whofe tomb it was found. The volute is carried twice round, sacristy gradually becoming more flender, with fmall leaves and buds, and ter- minating in the centre in a flender point. Meflieurs Barrault and oral. Martin Le Baton Paftoral, 49 ”) have figured this ftafF, fupplying the centre with the head of a ferpent holding a crofs in its mouth, ^ “ puifque j’ai pu diftinguer nettement Pextremite (or rather bafe) de la croix,” which I had not noticed, ft is infcribed, 4- Gens . fubje 61 :a . parem . 4- TE fentiat . effera . grandem . 4^ Spe . trahe . dilapfos . 4^ Pungeque . tardigrados . Another paftoral ftafF of ivory is alfo preferved in the sacrifty, with the Virgin and Child, and two angels on one fide, and the Cruci- fixion, with St. John and the Virgin on the other, within the volute ; the outer margin foliated (like that belonging to Mr. Beresford Hope), the ftem formed of a large kneeling angel. Figured, Becker and Hefner, ii. pi. 8, and “ Le Baton Paftoral,” p. lOi, f. 138 ; Labarte, Hift. d’Arts Induftr., vol. i.. Text; Texier, Di,for Cyreaca read Cyriaca. Page 383, line ^t^,for grandfon read natural fon. Page 387. The clafTical plaque of the library of the Arfenal of Paris Is figured by Cahier, N. Mel. d’Arch., ii. p. 75. Page 433. The combs of the Emprefs Cunegunda are figured by Cahier, N. Mel. d’Arch,, ii. p. 73. Page 448. The correfponding plaque to that in the Frankfort Public Library is deferibed below. Page 459, line ?>,for 124, No. 276 read 140, No. 307. Page 462. The ivory deferibed in the firft paragraph of this page is figured by Cahier, N. Mel. d’Arch., ii. p. 53. Page 469, line 28, /or the tomb read the Comb. Page 473, line \ \,for Sielenus read Silenus. Page 473, line iSifor iii. read viii. Page 485, line 8, /or helriefcas read hetrufeas. The “ Hiftorifche Aufiellung Kunfigewerblicher Erzeugniffe ” of Frankfurt -on- the-Main in the fummer of 1875 brought to light a variety of ivory carvings, of which no account has hitherto been publlfiied, from the Colleftions of MelTieurs C. A. Milan!, Blitterfdorf, J. and S. Goldfchmidt, Schlefinger-Trier, Lachman, Oppenheim, the Graf zu Eltz, Gontard, and the Herzog von Anhalt. The official Catalogue omits to give the approximate date of the 61 fpecimens lent for the Exhi- bition, but they appear to confift for the moft part of Gothic diptychs and plaques, with feenes of the Nativity and Paflion of Chrift, flagons, ftatuettes of late work, and calkets, with one fmall pyx with metal mounting, and a retable of wood and ivory. In addition to thefe, feveral others of great intereft were exhibited by M. Spitzer which are not noticed in the Catalogue, of which I have been favoured with an account by Alexander Nelbitt, Efq. One of thefe is the long loft piece originally figured by Gorlus, Thes. Dipt., vol, ii, pi. xi., and which is evidently the other leaf of the Ricciardian diptych 494 Rrrata et Addenda. of which one leaf is in the Imperial Mufeum of Vienna, alfo figured by Gorius (vol. ii. pi. vii.), and confidered by him as reprefenting the Emperor Juftinian. The other leaf (pi. xi.) exhibited by M. Spitzer was originally figured by Mont- faucon (Antiq. Expl., vol.‘ iii. par. i, tab. xxvi. p. 46), and is hated in the plate xi. of Gorius to be ‘‘ In Mus. Parifienfi,” where it no longer exifts. By the fide of the ivory was exhibited a copy of Montfaucon’s plate (which he had received from M. de Boze). It reprefents a Byzantine emprefs handing erect and wearing a kind of crown, having a fleur-de-lys in front and long pendants of pearls from the fides of the head, and necklace of feveral rows of pearls and with long rows of pearls reaching to the feet. She holds in her right hand a globe furmounted by a crofs, and in her left hand a long rod terminated above and below by a knob. At the fides of the piece are fluted columns fupporting foliated capitals on which reh a fluted cupola with an eagle on each fide. Height, iz inches j width, 5 inches ; workman- Ihip, coarfe. Another of M. Spitzer’s ivories is the other leaf of the remarkable diptych of which one leaf is preferved in the Public Library of Frankfurt-on- the-Main, defcribed in p. 448 of this work.^ In M. Spitzer’s plaque the prieft or archbifliop is in the aft either of preaching or more probably reading fome part of the fervice, not of the Mafs, at his left fide is a defk on which lies an open book, the lettering of which Mr. Nefbitt could not decypher. Behind him are two figures in albs j in front facing him are feven in chafubles, moft of them with their mouths open, as if chanting. M . Spitzer alfo exhibited a leaf of a diptych, poflibly of the fifth century, bearing the figure of an old man, and a curious curved piece about 10 inches long, perhaps the top of a chair back ; on this is carved, in very high relief, a fight between men and women on horfeback, the horfes tame and fpiritlefs, the modelling of the human limbs bad, but the faces with much expreffion, the attitudes varied, no faddles nor weapons, the combatants merely pulling at each other. The garments of either fex mere cloths, the limbs generally uncovered, the women with long plaits of hair, and the men with fhaven faces and cloths wrapped round the heads and chins, and con- fined round the head by a band. Poffibly Byzantine or Trebizond work of the izth or 13th century. Some long flips in Lord Alhburnham’s Colleftion, and at Berlin, are of a fomewhat fimilar ftyle. In addition to the various reprefentations of ancient carved ivories contained in the recently publiflied works of Labarte, Aus’ m’ Weerth and the Catalogue of the Bafilewflcy Colleftion referred to in their proper places in this work, others have ftill more recently appeared in the two following publications : — The Nouveaux Melanges d’Archeologie, vol. ii. of M. Cahier contains excellent figures of — The covers of the pfalter of the Princefs Melifenda (pi. i and 2), defcribed in this work, p. 72. The Sens pyx, with combats of men and lions (p. 14) ; fee p. 271. The Bobbio pyx, with Orpheus, &c. (p. 19) ; fee p. 379. The Munich book cover, with the Crucifixion, Afcenfion, and Vifit of the Maries to the Sepulchre (p. 28) j fee p. 135. ^ Mr. A. Nefbitt fuggefts that the principal figure in this piece muft be an archblfhop, becaufe it feems to him that he wears a pallium of the correft form for the period. I hefitated to regard this as a pallium, as it is deftitute of crofles. Krrata et Addenda. 495 The Munich plaque, with Chrift or the Virgin ftanding, with bufts of the Evan- gelifts and Apoftles (p. 53) j fee p. 462. The Munich plaque, with the Baptifm of Chrill (p, 56) ; fee p. 123. The Cologne comb, with the Crucifixion (pp. 67, 68) j fee p. 315. The fecond Cologne comb, with head of Pegafus (p. 70) j fee p. 316. The comb of St. Lupus (p. 72) ; fee p. 316. The two Bamberg combs of the Emprefs Cunegunda (p. 73) ; fee p. 433. The claflical plaque of the Library of the Arfenal, Paris (p. 75) } fee p. 388. Alfo of the following ivories not noticed in the body of this Catalogue — The head of the paftoral ftaff of Siegburg, a plain whorl terminating in a dragon’s head devouring a bird (p. 27). A plaque reprefenting the Vifit of the four Maries to the Sepulchre. In the Mufeum of Dole (p. 33). A plaque reprefenting the Afcenfion, with the Virgin and the twelve Apoftles^ In Colleftion of M. Simon, of Metz (p. 46). An oliphant, with birds and fantaftic animals, and the Good Shepherd near the mouthpiece (p. 36). Another oliphant in the Colle6lion of M. Colchen, of Metz, reprefenting the Afcenfion, with many figures (p. 43). A plaque reprefenting the Transfiguration (p. 60). A comb with figures of two dragons faftened together by the necks (p. 74). The fine work of the late M. Ch. Robert de Fleury “ L’^Ivangile ; Etudes icono- graphiques et archeologiques,” 2 vols. Tours, 1874, contains reprefentations of numerous Gofpel fcenes, copied from the following ivories ^ ; — The great book covers of the Paris Library (^fee Cat., p. 45) have fupplied the following figures : 7, f- 3- 9, f. 2. PI. PI. PI. 10, f. 2. PI. 50, f. I. PI. 52, f. I. PI. 58, f. 5. PI. 60, f. 5. PL 68, f. 4. PI. 71, f. 2. The Annunciation. The Vifitation. The Journey to Bethlehem. The Woman of Samaria at the well. The cure of the Paralytic. Chrift and the adulterefs. The blind man cured. The raifing of Lazarus. The entry into Jerufalem. The ivories of the Chair of Ravenna {^fee Cat., p. 31) : The Journey to Bethlehem. The Baptifm of Chrift. The Miracle of Cana. The Miracle of the loaves and fifties. The blind man cured. The ivory book cover of the Public Library of Ravenna (^fee Cat., p. 50) ; PI. 42, f. 3. The cure of the Demoniac. PI. 52, f. 2. The cure of the Paralytic. PI. 67, f. 5. The raifing of Lazarus. PI. 10, f. I. PI. 32, f. 2. PI. 37, f. 1. PI. 56, f. 2. PI. 59, f. 2. ^ The lift given above of the different fubjedls in this work copied from ivories will be found ufeful, the work itfelf containing no fpecial index of the monuments from which the figures are derived. 496 Errata et Addenda. The ivory book covers of the Gofpels of Milan (^fee Cat., p. 38) ; Pp. 14, 44 j and 79. The Munich plaque of the Baptifm of Chrift {Jee Cat., p. 123) : PI. 35, f. I. The Baptifm, with Sol and Luna. The ivory pyx of the Hotel Cluny, No. 3^5 {fee Cat., p. 396) : PI. 48, f. 4. The Woman of Samaria at the well. PI. 52, f. 3. The cure of the Paralytic. PI. 60, f. 3. The blind man cured. PI. 68, f. 5. The raifmg of Lazarus. The four red ivories of the Paflion in the Britilh Mufeum, misdated by De Fleury to be in the Vatican Mufeum {fee Cat. p. 44) : PI. 86, f. I. Pilate wafhing his hands. PI. 87, f. 2. The Crucifixion. PI. 92, f. 3. The Woman at the Sepulchre. PI. 96, f. 2. The incredulity of St. Thomas. The Munich ivory of the Crucifixion {fee Cat., p. 124, No 276) : PI. 94, f. I. Scene of the three Maries at the Tomb, very incorrecUy copied. The fecond Munich ivory of the Crucifixion {fee Cat., p. 135, No. 298) ; PI. 94, f. 2. Portion of the fcene of the Maries at the Tomb. The Ivory of the Biblloth. Nationale, Paris, attached to the MS. f. lat.. No. 9,388 (not noticed In this Catalogue) : PI. 82, f. 4. The Denial of Peter, and Chrift before Pilate. The ivory of the Biblioth. Nationale, Paris, attached to the MS. fonds. lat.. No. 9,390 {fee Cat., p. iii. No. 250) : PI. 92, f. I. The three Maries at the Sepulchre. PL 95, f. 3. The Journey to Emmaus, and Chrift with his dlfclples. Note. — The figures of the money changers driven out of the Temple (pi. 47, f. 2), the adulterefs pardoned (pi. 58, f. 3), and of the cure of the blind (pi. 60, f. 4), dated by De Fleury to be copied from ivories at Munich are copies of metal chafings upon the fplendid Gofpels of St. Emmeran, given by Charles the Bald to Ratis- bonne, now In the Munich Library. 497 INDEX OF NUMBERS. The Number placed before each entry in this Catalogue is that affigned to the Caft in the Mufeum Regifler; it alfo Jhows the year in which the Cajl was acquired. The confecutive numbers placed after the entries in the Catalogue are added for convenience of reference. No. in Mufeum Regifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue, Page. No. in Mufeum Regifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue. Page. ' 54 - 45 - 15 4 ’ 54 - 82. 687 246 yy 46. 16 yy >9 83. 776 277 yy 47 - 23 7 9> 83^. 890 315 yy 48. 24 yy yy 84. 432 190 yy 49. 37 I I yy 85. 732 259 >> 50. S <5 19 yy 86. 130 58 51* 66 24 *y 87. 63 22 jj 52* 67 yy yy 88. 57 19 >5 S 3 - 45 15 yy 89. .82 29 54 - 46 yy yy 90. 414 185 55 - 146 ^3 ’ 55 - 6. 42 H 56. 108 45 yy 7 - 43 yy » 57 - 109 yy 8. 41 13 58. 126 55 yy 9 - 64 23 a 59 - 318 144 yy 10. 1 10 46 >y 60. 312 142 yy 1 1 . 1 1 1 yy f* 61. 314 143 yy 12. 95 38 yj 62. 754 266 yy 13- 96 yy >y 63. 671 242 yy 14. 239 105 yy 64. 374 168 yy 15 - 240 106 yy 65. 270 121 yy 16. 160 70 yy 66. 363 163 yy 17 - 246 108 yy 67. 288 129 » 18. 280 126 yy 68. 322 146 yy 19. 279 125 yy 69. 813 288 yy 20. 237 104 yy 70. 487 208 yy 21. 238 yy yy 71- 436 191 yy 22. 77 27 yy 72. 407 181 yy 23- 172 76 yy 73 - 395 177 yy 24. 162 71 yy 74 - 396 yy 25- 163 yy yy 75 - 408, 409 182 yy 26. 180 79 yy 76. 861 306 yy 27- 168 75 yy 77 - 862 yy yy 28. 234 101 yy 78. 853 303 yy 29. 306 139 yy 79 - 859 305 yy 30. 122 53 yy 80. 855 304 yy 3 *- 123 yy yy 81. 851 302 yy 32. 360 ‘ 162 30670. 498 Index of Numbers. No. in Mufeum Confecutive i Page. 1 No. in Mufeum Confecutive ; P 35 - 461 200 99 83. j 938 j 5 ^ it 36. 1 447 SO 99 84. i 458 : *99 a 37 - 448 99 99 85. i 586 228 a 38. 1 443 194 99 88. ; 248 109 39 - ! 493 1 99 89. 680-684 1 244 40. 463 j 200 ’ 57 - ’58. 16. 790 1 281 41. 490 210 1 2. i ^ » 42. 497 212 1 99 3 - 1 22 i ty it 43 - 872 309 1 99 4 - 54 i 18 ■ 9 > 44. 689-691 ^47 99 5 - 55 i a 45 - 445 •94 1 99 6. 60 i 21 99 46. 446 *95 1 99 7 - 65 1 23 a 47 - 733 259 i 99 8. 83 ! 30 99 48. i 734 99 f 99 9 - 84 ! ti 49. 505 215 99 10. ! 244 ! *07 it 50- 869 308 : it 1 1. 120 1 52 it 5 ^- 912 324 ‘ 99 12. 121 ■ a 52* 914 ! - ; 9 9 * 3 - i 247 i 109 it 53 * 906 320 1 99 14. 251 III it 54 - 911 ! 323 1 yy *.')• j 249 1 10 it 54 ^- 923 i 327 99 16. I 250 ij it 55 - 713 i ^53 99 * 7 - 348 *57 >i 56. 482 I 206 1 99 18. 1 765 27* it 57 - 441 ' *93 99 19. 897 3*6 it 58. 483 207 99 20. 1 218 96 ti 59 - 1 484 99 yy 21. 1 215 95 it 60. 285 j 1 28 99 22. I 200 90 it 61. I 34 i 10 ! 99 23- i *51 66 it 62. 35 99 99 24. : 152 99 i) 63- 222 \ 98 1 99 25. 1 187 ' 83 it 64. 585 i 227 1 99 23/7. 202 91 it 65. 223 1 98 : 99 26. 188 1 84 it 66. ! 457 ! '98 i 99 27 - i *75 1 77 it 66. 474 1 j 99 28. 1 201 1 90 a 67. — 99 29. i ! 327 i 1 *49 it 68. 738 ; 261 i i ’’ 3 °- j ^ *77 ! 1 78 it 69. 492 i 2 10, 99 3 *. ^ 316 I *43 it it 70. 71 - 428 481 ; i 189 1 206 99 99 32. 1 32^. / 642-653 236 it 72 * 506 1 216 99 33 - 00 127 it 73 - 499 ' 213 99 34. 317 ! *43 it 74 - 430 ^ 189 99 35 - 410 *83 it 76. 388 ; *73 ! 99 36. 434 1 191 a 358 ! 161 I 99 37 - 433 1 99 it 78. 1 933 329 1 9 > 38. 394 ■ 176 ti 79- ! 934 ! ii 99 39 - 469 1 202 it 80. 935 I 11 99 40. j 838 1 305 Index of Numbers 499 No. in Mufeum Rcgifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue. Page. No. in Mufeum Regifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue. Page. ’S8. 41. 739 261 ’58. 90. 3 « 12 ii 42. 737 260 yy 91. 326 148 >> 43. 870 308 yy 92. 125 54 44. 871 yy yy 93 - 359 161 yy 45 - 741 262 yy 94. j8i 80 yy 46. 90s 320 yy 95 - 272 122 )> 47 - 7 H 253 yy 96. 273 yy 48. 712 252 yy 97 - 365 164 »> 49. 715 253 yy 98. 323 146 »y 49^. 711 252 yy 99. 284 128 yy 50. 709, 10 251 yy 100. 220 97 yy 5 *- 907 321 yy lOI. 221 yy yy 52- 117 51 yy 102. 339 154 yy 53 - 74 27 yy 103. 340 yy J 5 54 - 75 yy y> 104. 205 yy 55 - 90 33 yy 105. 370 166 yy 56. 89 31 yy 106. 252 1 12 yy 57 - 157 69 yy 107. 325 147 yy 58. ' 155 yy yy 108. 2^8 yy 59 - 72 26 yy 109. 310 141 yy 60. 913 324 yy 109*. 313 142 yy 61. 18 5 yy 1 10. 159 70 yy 62. 19 yy fy III. — — yy 63- 113 48 yy 1 12. 259 1 16 yy 64. 39 13 yy 113- 257 yy 65. 40 yy yy 1 14. 300 137 66. 118 51 » 115. 156 69 67. 91 33 yy 1 16. 158 yy yy 68. 92 yy yy 116a. 654-658 238 yy 69. 94 yy yy 117. 190 85 yy 70. 93 yy y> 118. 164 72 yy 71 - 315 H 3 yy 1 19. 165 yy yy 72. 726 256 yy 120. 283 127 yy 73 - 154 68 yy 123. 371 166 yy 74 - 61 2 T yy [25. 305 139 yy 75 - 264 I 18 yy 127. 100-103 43 yy 76. 69 25 yy 128. 139 60 yy 77 - 70 yy 129. 140 yy yy 78. 44 15 yy 130. 347 156 >f 79 - 47 16 yy 131- 225 99 yy 80. 48 yy 132. 224 98 yy 8t. 71 25 yy 133- 182 81 yy 82. 131 58 yy 134. 134 59 yy 83. 127 56 yy 135- 195 87 yy 84. 128 >> yy 136. 746 263 yy 85. 149 65 1 ” 137- 743 262 yy 86. 150 yy 137^, 744 263 yy 87. 281 126 1 ” 138. 4 yy 88. 58,59 20 yy 139 - > ■ 203-212 i 91 yy 89. ! 62 22 1 yy 140. J 1 I I 2 500 Index of Numbers No. in Mufeum Confecutive Page. No. in Mufeum Confecutive Page. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. ’58. I4I. 241-243 106 ’58. 181. 770 273 142. 587 228 33 182. 771 274 H 3 - 226 99 33 183. 346 156 jj 144. 229 100 3 > 186. 659-662 240 » 145- 227 99 >3 187. 783-785 279 146. 228 100 33 188. 601-624 230 147. 206 91 33 188^. 333 15 ^ 148. 20 6 33 189. 552 222 >» 149. 308 140 33 190. 194 87 150. 309 33 33 19I. 625-632 230 » I5I. 703 250 33 194. 729 258 152. 704 33 33 195. 730 153- 705 33 33 196. 450 196 >? 154. 706 33 33 197. 397 177 >? 154^. 707 251 33 198. 875 310 ICC* ( 3^8 149 33 199. 849 302 >> I I7O7 251 33 200. 842 299 156. 756-761 268 33 201. 857 304 ?> 157- 183 81 35 202. 846 300 » I 57 «;. 744 263 33 203. 848 301 157^. 184 81 33 204. 860 305 >> 158. 73 26 33 205. 844 300 >> 1 59 - 1 33 206. 845 33 160. ^ 203-212 91 33 207. 847 301 »? 161. J 33 208. 856 304 162. 153 68 33 209. 854 303 >> 3 j 163. 1 164. / 1 203-212 91 33 33 210. 211. 864 850 306 302 33 165. 147 64 53 212. 852 303 33 166. 1 161 i 71 33 213. 866 307 33 167. hO 35 214. 843 299 33 i6ya. 142 1 61 33 215. 863 306 33 i6jb. H 3 f 33 216. 868 307 33 i6yc. 1 H 4 J 33 217. 496 212 33 168. 1 135 59 33 218. 454.455 197 33 169. j 1 136 33 35 219. 415 185 >3 i6ga. 338 153 33 2 20. 416 55 33 170. 806 286 33 221. 417 33 33 171. — — 33 222. 418 35 33 172. 804 286 33 223. 495 21 1 33 172a. 815 289 33 224. 444 194 33 173 - 816 33 3 > 225. 171 76 33 174. 839 297 33 226. 456 198 33 * 75 - — — 33 227. 491 210 53 176. 829 295 33 228. 419 186 33 177. • 836 297 33 229. 462 200 33 177^. 830 295 33 230. 507 216 33 178. 793 282 33 231. 391 175 33 179 - ! 1 04-1 07 j 44 33 232. 909 322 33 180. j 762 1 268 1 33 233* 449 196 w Index of Numbers. 501 No. in Mufeum Confecutive Page. No. in Mufeum Confecutive Page. 1 Regiftcr. No. in Catalogue. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. '58. 234. 915 325 ’65. 96. 1 79 28 jj 235- 728 257 ?5 97. i 80 55 236. 740 261 )> 98. 88 3 237- 735 260 )> 99. ; 85 55 238. 295 133 J> 100. 86 55 239. 296 *34 JJ lOI. 87 55 240. 558 223 » 102. 1 'f 64 >> 241. 548, 549 221 103. ! 267 i **9 242. 564-575 226 104. 268 i j> 243- 439 192 ff 105. 269 1 1 2 1 j> 244. 5°9 217 106. *4 1 4 iy 245. 5 H 2 1 8 » 107. 254 **3 yy 245^-^. 510-522 217 108. 1 274 *23 ?> 246. 692-695 248 J) *09. 1 686 246 247. 685 246 I 10. *7 5 » 247^. 717-7Z1 254 III. i +^9 1 209 249. 696-702 249 I 12 . 263 1 **7 yy 249^. 553-557 222 II3. 129 1 57 . >» 250. 1 251. / 403-406 180 5 ^ ff 1*4. i **5. 321 381 *45 170 >» 252. 731 258 }f I 16. 375 168 jj 253. 921 327 5 > **7. 36 1 1 j> 254. 939 330 }) I 18. 900 3*7 5 » 255. 916 325 >> **9. 1 901 55 J> 256. 25 7 120. 910 323 JJ 257. 920 326 I 2 I. 380 i 1 70 258. 925 328 122. 1 468 : 202 >> 259. 919 326 124. 1 835 ; 296 )5 260. 92(5 328 >> 125. 1 840 1 298 »» 261. 767 272 75 I 26. 841 • 55 5 J 262. > 37 , '38 1 60 55 128. i 3 263. ' I 12 ! 48 55 *29. 764 ' 27* 264. 245 J08 55 *30- 766 272 5 > 266. 780-782 279 55 13*. ! 763 271 ’60. I. 927 328 ’66. 44. 298 j *35 >5 2. 928 ’67. 107. 254 ' **3 3 - 929 ’68. *. 5* *7 4 - 930 55 la . 52 55 J 5 5 - 931 55 i 745 : 263 ’6+. 4 ^ 276 124 55 3 - 00 169 yy 44. 298 *35 55 3 ''- J 1 ?» 45 - 291 *30 55 +• 742 262 >J 46. 216 95 55 5 - I 828 . 295 J) 47 - 275 *23 55 6. 594-596 ; 229 >> 48. 185 82 55 7 - ! 5*5-522 1 218 »> 49 - 307 *39 55 22. j 736 I 260 >65. 93 - 1 16 50 !| ’69. 57. ; 402 *79 J 5 94 - 53 18 55 58. 21, 22 6 95 - 178 1 78 ' 55 59 - 1 42543 *4 502 Index of Numbers No. In Mufeum Confecutive 1 1 Page. No. In Mufeum Confecutive Page. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. ’69. 60. 83 > 84 30 ’ 73 - , 30. 124 54 61. 401 179 >5 31- 132 58 62. 917 325 5? 32. 133 59 71 - 459 199 5? 33 - 145 61 >? 72. 498 213 5) 34 - 166 74 ’70. 20. 400 178 5J 35 * 167 55 21. I 22. j 324 146 >> >5 36. 37 - 169 170 75 55 23- 460 199 J > 38. 171 76 ;? 25- 778 278 ? J 39 - 173 55 5» 26. 777 277 ?? 40. 174 77 ’ 7 i‘ 00 00 966 00 00 ?> >? 41. 42. 176 179 55 79 >5 50. 576-584 227 55 43 - 186 82 51- 678 243 J) 44. 189 85 ?? 52. 722 25s 55 45 - I9I 86 53 - 725 256 55 46. 192 55 ’72. 59 - 967 338 55 47 - 193 87 129. 968 339 55 48. 196 88 ’ 73 - I. I I 55 49. 197 55 5J 2. 2 55 5 ^- 198 89 >> 3 - 3 a 55 5 »- 199 55 5? 4 - 4 2 55 52. 213 94 5J 5 - 5 )> 55 53 - 214 95 5> 6. 6 »> 55 54 - 217 96 >5 7 - 7 i} 55 55 - 219 97 >5 8. 8 3 55 56. 226 99 9 - 9 >> 55 57 - 227 55 5> 10. 10 )> 55 58. 228 100 1 1. 1 1 j? 55 59 - 229 55 ?5 1 2. *3 4 55 60. 230 55 ^ 3 - 26 8 55 61. 231 55 J) 14. 27 55 62. 232 55 >5 15 - 28 )) 55 63. 233 55 ?? 16. 29 55 64. 235 102 ?> 17 - 30 J5 55 65. 236 55 J5 18. 31 )> 55 65* 245 108 19. 32 55 66. 253 113 >) 20. 33 »5 67. 255 55 5J 21. 22. 49 50 17 JJ 55 55 68. \ 68^. / 256 114 ?5 23- 68 24 55 69. 261 117 >» 24. 76 27 55 70. 262 55 25. 78 28 55 71. 260 116 26. 81 ?) 55 72. 265 118 ?5 27/7-f. 97-99 41 55 73 - 266 55 5? 28. 114 49 55 74. 271 122 >J 28^. 115 5) ' 55 75 - 277 124 29. 119 52 ' 55 76. 278 125 Index of Numbers, 503 No. in Mul'eum Confecutive I! Page. j No. in Muleum 1 Conlecutive Page. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. ’ Regifter. j No. in Catalogue. | ’73 i 77 *. 284 1 1 128 1 ; ’ 73 - 127. 1 . 377 . 169 V 78. ! 286 1 ff ff 128. 379 ' *70 If 79 - 287 1 129 i ” *29. : 380 1 ff ff 80. 289 ff 1 ff *30- i 382 * 7 * ff 81. 290 I ff , ff * 3 *- i 383 ff ff 82. 292 130 ! ff *32. 384 172 ff 83. 293 *31 j ff * 33 - 385 ft ff 84. 294 57 i ff * 34 - 386 ff ff 85. 1 297 *35 = ff * 35 - 387 *73 ff 86. 299 136 , ff 136. 389 *J 4 ff 87- , 301 *37 ; I ” * 37 - 390 ff ff 88. 1 302 } 95 1 . ff 138. 392 *75 ff 89. 303 ff ff * 39 - ' 393 j 1 76 ff 90. 304 138 ff *40. i 398 1 178 ff 91. 305 139 ff *4*. j 399 ff 92. 311 141 ff 142. 400 ff f* 93 - 319 144 5? * 43 - 401 *79 ff 94. 320 *45 ff * 44 - i 402 1 99 ff 96. 329 *49 1 ” 145. 408, 409 182 ff 97 - 1 330 i ; ” ■ ff 146. ' ! 41 1 *83 ff ff 98. 99 - 1 1 33 ^ ^ 332 ! 1 50 i ff ff ff * 47 - 1 *48. J ! I 41 2 1 84 ff 100. j 1 334 I * 5 * ff 149. 1 1 4*3 ff lOI. i ff ff *50. J 1 ff 102. 336 I 152 ff 151. 420 187 ff 103. 339 ff ff 152. 421 ff ff 104. 34 i •54 ff * 53 - 422 ff ff 105. 342 ! '55 ff *54. 423 1 ff ff 106. 343 ff ff * 55 - 424 j 188 ff 107. 344 ff ff 156, 425 j ff ff 108. 345 156 ff *57. 426 ' ff ff 109. 349 *57 ff 158. 427 ff ff 1 10. 350 ff ff 159. 428 189 ff I I I. 351 158 ff 160. 429 5’ ff I 12 . 352 ff ff 161. 43 * 190 ff *13- 353 *59 ff 162. 433 ff ff II4. 354 1 ” i ff 163. 437 192 ff 115. 355 J 160 ! 164. 438 ff I 16. 356 f ” I ” 165. 440 *93 ff I 17. 357 I 166. 452 t ” ff 118. 361 j 162 i 1 ff 167. 45 * , 196 ff 119. 362 i 163 1 1 ’’ j68. 452 1 ff )) 1 20. 364 i ” ” 169. 453 *97 ff 121, 366 *64 ! >. 170. 464 ! 201 ff 122. 367 ! 165 *71. 465 i 1 ” ff 123. i 368 1 ff 172. 466 1 1 i 99 ff 124. i 369 1 166 * ff * 73 - 467 1 ! 202 ff 125. 373 167 , 1 ff 174. 470 205 I 26, 376 168 * 75 - 47 * ff 504 Index of Numbers in Mufeum * Regifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue. Page. ' 73 - 176. 472 203 177- 473 204 5J 178. 475 55 >> 179. 476 55 180. 477 205 I8I. 478 55 182. 479 55 183. 480 206 J5 184. 485 208 » 185. 486 55 J> 186. 488 209 J» 187. 492 210 ?> 1 88. 494 21 I J> 189. 500 213 J> 190. SOI 214 ?> 191. 502 55 J? 192. 503 215 rt 193- 504 55 >» 194. 508 216 >> 195. 217 196. 512 55 197. 513 55 5> 198. 523 218 J> 199. 524 219 J» 200. 525 55 J) 201. 526 55 ?> 202. 527 55 J> 203. 528 55 ?> 204. 529 55 J> 205. 530 55 J5 206. 531 55 JJ 207. 532 55 » 208. 533 55 » 209. 534 55 210. 535 55 >? 21 I. 336 55 )> 212. 337 55 ?> 213. 338 55 )» 214. 339 55 ?> 215. 340 55 ?> 216. 541 55 >5 217. .542 55 ?> 218. 343 220 ?> 219. 344 55 220. 343 55 >5 221. 346 55 » 222. 347 ! ” ?; 223. 350 1 221 55 224. 33 i i 222 No. in . Mufeum Confecutive Page. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. / 3 * 225. 339 224 55 226. 560 55 55 227. 561 225 55 228. 562 55 55 229. 563 55 55 230^-^. 588-593 228 55 231. 597 229 55 232. 598 55 55 233- 599 55 55 234- 600 55 55 235 - 633 232 55 236. 634 55 55 237. 635 55 55 238. 636 55 55 239. 637 55 55 240. 638 234 55 241. 639 55 55 242. 640 55 55 243 - 641 55 55 244. 663 241 55 245. 664 55 55 246. 665 55 55 247. 666 55 55 248. 667 55 55 249. 668 55 55 250. 669 242 55 251. 670 55 55 252. 672 243 55 253- 673 55 55 254. 674 55 55 255- 675 55 55 256. 676 55 55 257. 677 55 55 258. 679 244 55 259. 688 247 55 260a. 708 251 55 260b. 716 254 55 260c. 723 255 55 261. 727 257 55 262. 747 264 55 263. 748 55 55 264. 749 265 55 265. 750 55 55 266. 751 55 55 267. 752 266 55 268. 753 55 55 269. 755 267 j 55 270. 768 273 271. 769 55 Index of Numbers, 505 No. in Mufeum Regifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue. Page. No. in Mul'eum Regifter. Confecutive No. in Catalogue. Page. ' 73 - 272. 772 275 ’ 73 - 321. 836 297 273- 773 276 yy 322. 837 yy 274. 774 » yy 323* 838 yy 27^. 775 277 yy 324. 839 yy 276. 779 278 yy 325- 865 307 J5 277. 786 280 yy 326. 867 278. 787 yy yy 327- 873 310 >> 279. 788 yy >) 328. 874 y> 280. 789 281 yy 329- 876 3 IJ >> 281. 791 J5 yy 330- 877 J) 282. 792 282 yy 331- 878 JJ 283. 794 283 yy 332. 879 J> 284. 795 5> yy 333 - 880 312 » 285. 796 >5 yy 334 - 881 yy 286. 797 284 yy 335 - 882 yy 287. 798 >> yy 336. 883 313 » 288. 799 yy 337 - 884 yy 289. 800 00 yy 338. 885 yy ?> 290. 801 yy 339 - 886 yy ?> 291. 802 » yy 340- 887 3 H 292. 803 J? yy 341- 888 yy >} 293. 804 286 yy 342. 889 3^5 294. 805 5 ? yy 343 - 891 yy 295. 806 ?) ’) 344 - 892 y> 296. 807 00 yy 345 - 893 316 5> 297. 808 55 yy 346- 894 yy 298. 809 yy 347 - 895 yy » 299. 810 288 yy 348^ 896 yy 5> 300. 81 1 » yy 349 - 898 3*7 301. 812 yy 350. 899 yy >J 302. 814 289 yy 351- 902 3*8 JJ 303- 815 yy yy 352. 903 3*9 5J 304- 817 290 yy 353 - 904 yy 305- 818 yy 354 - 908 322 >> 306. 819 )? yy 355 - 918 326 5> 307- 820 291 yy 356- 922 327 5> 308. 821 yy yy 357 - 924 yy )5 309- 822 yy yy 358. 932 329 yy 310. 823 292 yy 359 - 940 330 yy 311- 824 5> yy 360. 941 yy yy 312. 825 yy yy 361. 942 yy yy 313- 826 294 yy 365- 77 \a 274 yy 3 H- 827 yy yy 366^-/ 955-960 335 5 > 315- 829 295 yy 367. 965 338 » 316. 830 55 yy 43 ^- 974 340 317. 831 i 432. 975 yy yy 318. 832 i 296 1 ” 434 - 944 33 * yy 3 * 9 - 833 ' 5) P 440. 945 yy yy 320. 834 yy yy 441. 964 337 p. 5o6 Index of Numbers No. in Mufeum Confecutive Page. No. in Mufeum Confecutive Page. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. Regifter. No. in Catalogue. ’ 73 - 442. 961 336 1 1 1 ’73 . 490. 950 333 55 443 - 772^ 275 i ‘ 55 491. 1 951 55 55 446. 943 331 I ” 492. 952 55 55 477 - 946 332 493 - ; 953 334 55 478. 794 283 1 i ” 494. 969 339 55 479 - 825^2 293 ” 495 - , , 970 340 55 480. 825^ 55 1 ! ” 496. 971 55 55 481. 825^- 55 55 497 - 972 55 55 482. 825^7 294 498. 973 55 55 487. ' 947 332 1 ! ” 499. 954 334 55 488. 948 55 SI*- 962 336 55 489. 949 333 1 i 513- 963 337 50 ? INDEX OF THE MUSEUMS AND OTHER COLLECTIONS {PUBLIC AND PRIFATE) CONTAINING MEDIEVAL IVORIES. For an account of the chief Englijh Colie Flions the reader is referred to the Appen- dix of Mr, MafkeW s Defcription of the Fuories^ Ancient and Media 323- South Kenfington Mufeum, ivories, 8, 25, 41, 52, 59, 68, 71, 85, 88, 89, 96, 108, 1 12, 113^, 1 14, 1 15, ii 62 , 1 1 7, 1 18, 122, 128, 129, 137, 140, 143^ 153, 154, i6oS 165, 166, 173, 175, 2 oT, 202, 203, 204^, 205, 208, 209, 218, 220, 222, 228, 247, 254, 255'^ 256, 261, 276, 292, 299, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 317, 319^ 322, 323, 327, 328, 329. Soane Mufeum, 10 1. Attenborough ; fee Paris, Bafilewfky. Ball, R., Efq., Dublin, The late, 288. Bateman, The late Adr., ivories in collection of, at Yolgravc, 49, 94, 1 18. Boocke, Mr., ivories of, 314. Buckler, Charles, Efq., ivory belonging to, 208. o 508 Index of Mufeums^ ^c. Cambridge, ivories at, 138. Dixon, Mr., ivories of, 282. Douce (Meyrick) Colledlion, ivories of, 64, 85, 97, 186, 217^, 218^, 221, 238, 250, 251, 258a, 263, 324, 330. Edinburgh, Society of Antiquaries, ivories of, 290. ■ Farrer, Mr., colledlion of, 202. Fejervary Colledlion ; fee Liverpool. Fountaine, A,, Efq., collodion of, 27, 149, 215, 281, 308. Hawkins, E., Efq., ivories of, 250, 253. Hawkins, Rhode, Efq., his collodion, 76, 157, 193, 256, 257. Hope, A. Beresford, Efq., his ivories, 211, 212, 265. Hugo, Rev. T., ivory belonging to, 174. Lentaigne, Dr. (Dublin), ivory belonging to, 208. Liverpool ;^Fejervary Collodion, prefented by Mr. Mayer, 1^, 3, 4^, ii, 18, 22, 24, 27, 77, 80, 105, 107, 118, 142, 156, 172, 176, 183, 184, 188, 190, 210, 213, 217, 277, 303, 315, 317. Londefborough, Lord, ivories in Mufeum of, 326. Mayer, Mr. ; fee Liverpool. Miller, Rev. Dr., ivory of, 294. Nefbitt, Alexander, Efq., ivories of, 274. Nichols, J. G., Efq., The late, ivories of, 191, 324. Nightingale, Mr., ivories in collodion of,*at Salifbury Mufeum, 98, 227. Oxford, ivories at, 55, 99, 108, 207, 292, 298. Petrie, collodion of, Dublin, 289. Sneyd, Rev. Walter, his ivories, 76, 78, 89, 151, 155, 168, 177, 228, 242, 247, 257, 274, 305, 320. Uzielli, The late Mr., collodion of, 123. Way, Albert, Efq., The late, ivories of, 19 1, 320. Wilfon, Rev. Dr., The late, ivories of, 281, 282. B. — Italy (341-382). Aofta, ivory, 379. Arezzo, ivories at, 369. Public Mufeum, 223, 224, 225, 228, 369. Bobbio, ivory, 379. Bologna, ivories, 361. Public Mufeum, 361. Archiginnafio, 362. Brefcia, ivories, 370. Biblioteca Quiriniana, 5, 12, 16, 33. Cava, Monaftery de la, ivories, 369. Cividule in Friuli, 379. Capitol Archive, 380. Index oj Mufeums^ ^ c. 509 Fabriano, ivories at, 372. Florence, ivories, 376. Bargello, 376. Sta. Maria Novella, 377. Palazzo Pitti, 377. Uffizi, 25, 377. Lucca, diptych at, 17, 378. Milan, ivories at, 364. Duomo, 38, 273, 367, 382. San Ambrogio, 52, 66, 266, 367. Brera, 23, 26, 69, 70, 149, 367. Trevulzi Palace, 364. Monza, ivories at, 6, 14, 30, 179^ 325, 368. Murano, ivories at, 381. Naples, ivories at, 370* Novara, ivory, 27, 378. Pavia, ivories at, 369. Perugia, ivories, 378. Pifa, ivory, 380. Ponzoni, ivory, 381. Ravenna, ivories, 357, 382. Duomo, 31, 357. Public Mufeum, ii, 50, 57, 359. Rome, ivories at, 341. St. Peter’s, ivories at, 341. Vatican, ivories at, 51, 54, 56, 99, 100, 262,263,273, 310, 322, 342, 381- Biblioteca Minerva, 351, 381. Church of St. Gregory on the Coelian Hill, 353. Barberini Library, 353. Collegio Romano, 81^, 354. Chev. Domenico Cecconi, 356. Other colledfions mentioned, 356. Salerno, ivories at, 59, 91, 117, 154^ 370. Venice, San Marco, ivories, 380. Vercelli, ivory at, 370. Volterra, ivories at, 368. C.— France (383-430). Alen9on, ivories at, 425. Amiens, ivories at, 147, 416. Rigollot, Mons., ivories in his colledfion at Amiens, 147. Angers, ivories at, 423. Arles, ivories at, 428. Index of Mufeums^ ^c. 510 Auch, ivories at, 428. Avignon, ivories at, 429. Bordeaux, ivories at, 429. Boulogne-fur-Mer, ivories. at, 246, 416. Chartres, ivories at, 424. Dijon, ivories at, 428. Laon, ivories at, 421. Lille, ivories at, 419. Lyons, ivories, 425. Mufee d’Antiquites, 425. Carrand, M., coll, 48, 60, 217, 295, 297, 300, 426. Mareuil-en-Brie, ivory at, 423. Metz, ivories at, 422. Nancy, ivories at, 424. Narbonne, ivories at, 428. Nifmes, ivory in Mufeum of, 325, 424. Orleans, ivories at, 109, 427. Paris, ivories at, 383. Bibliotheque Nationale, ivories at the, 7, 20, 45, 70, 84, 91, 102, 104, no. III, 133, 143, 383. Cabinet des Antiques, ivories, 7, 13, 19, 22, 23, 24, 83, 182, 385. Mufeum of the Louvre, 53, 75, 98, 125, 126, 139, 177, 180, 185, 189, 195^ 200, 230,240, 246, 248, 254, 258, 259, 304, 3055 307> 308, 3245 326, 368. Mufeum at the Hotel Cluny, 29, 59, 65, i63‘^, 185, 230, 289, 30L 303. 395 - Bibliotheque of the Arfenal, 387. Arondel, M., coll, 413. Bafilewfky, M., coll, 402. Baftard, Comte Augufte de, ivories in colle 340, 459- Royal Chapel, 463. Drey, colledlion of M. H., 293, 463. Dyck, M., coll., 296, 463. Munfter, ivories at, 463. Index of Mufeums^ ^c. 513 Nordlingen (Wallerftein Coll), 464. Nuremberg, ivories at, 213, 464. Obernburg (Sundermahler Coll.), 465. Ofnabruck Cathedral, ivories at, 465. Pefth, ivories at, 465. Prague, ivories at, 58, 277, 466. Ouedlinburg, ivories at, 232, 466. Raigern Monaftery, 467. Ratisbon, ivories at, 467, 468. Rein (Styria), ivories at, 468. Rheinau, ivories at, 124. Sayn, ivories at, 468. Salzburg, ivories at, 468, 469. Seitenftetten Monaftery, ivories, 469. Siegburg, ivories at, 469. Stratlund, ivories, 28c. Stutgard, ivories at, 470. Trent, ivories at, 470. Treves, ivories at, 8, 64, 86, 130, 145, 171, 470. Cathedral, ivories at, 470. Public Mufeum, ivories at, 471. Church of St. Matthias, ivories at, 471. Church of St. Maxime, 472. Liebfrauenkirche, 472. Klofter der Welfchen Nonnen, 472. 7ienna, ivories at, 28, 78, 271, 473. Imperial Mufeum, 473. Ambras Colledlion, 473. Monaftery of Heiligen Kreuz, 473. Deffours, M., coll, 474. Wiener Neuftadt, 474. Wallerftein Mufeum, Nordlingen, 130. Weimar, ivories at, 474. Werden, ivories at, 474. Wiefbaden, ivories at, 474. Wolfenbuttel, ivories at, 88, 475. Wurzburg, ivories at, 475. Cathedral, ivories at, 475. Public Library, 475. Xanten, near Cleves, ivories at, 272, 476. Zwetl Monaftery, ivory at, 476. 30670. K K Index of Mufeums^ ^c. 514 E. — Holland (477)- Arnheim, ivories at, 478. Hague, The, ivories at, 477. F. — Belgium (479). Bruges, ivories at, 481, 482. Bethune, Canon, coll., 260. BrufTels, ivories at, 479. Ghent, ivories at, 484. Liege, ivories at, 483. Maeftricht, ivories at, 482. Namur, ivories at, 482. Tongres, ivories at, 481. Tournay, ivories at, 178, 199, 339, 484. St. Trond Abbey, ivories at, 482. G. — Switzerland (485). Aargau, ivories at, 28, 485. Bade, ivories at, 485. St. Gall, ivories at, 119, 1 21, 485. Zurich, ivories at, 18, 271, 486. H. — Denmark (488). Copenhagen, ivories at, 100, 152, 167, 169, 171, 172^, 243, 264, 288, 296, 488. I. — Spain (49o\ Oviedo, ivories at, 490. San Millan, ivories at, 490. J. — Russia (491). Mofeow, 491. Novgorod, 491. Troitfkoi Monaftery, 491. ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Note. — The numerous reprefentations of the Saviour are arranged together und^t the name of CHRIST, in t 366, 383, 471. Annunciation, with infeription in Anglo-Saxon characters, 480. The angels of the Nativity appearing to the fhepherds, 91, 131. Nativity of Chrift, feenes of the, 52. The Nativity, 38, 42, 55, 66, 74,89, 92, 99, 121, 127, 131, i39> i49> 158, 160, 166, 170, 175, 1782, 181, 184, 187, 1892, 190, 194, 196, 1982, 200, 201,205, 21 1, 216, 231, 245, 313, 337) SW, 360, 361, 373, 431, 437, 456, 457, 487. The Nativity, with Byzantine infeription, 76. Nativity, the, with the punifhment of the midwife, 365. Magi, the three, watching the ftar, 39. Magi, the three, before Pilate, and their offering to the Infant Saviour, 51. Adoration of the Magi, 40,42,55, 122, 131, 137, 138, 139, 160, 175, 177, 182, 184,187, 194, 199,2052, 2112,214, 215 ) 231, 234, 241, 245, 322, 336,337, 349, 384, 455. The angel appearing to the wife men fleeping, 232. Chrift, Herod, and the wife men, fhepherds, 230, 245. The angel appearing to Jofeph in a dream^ 232. The flight into Egypt, 93, 231, 321. Herod giving orders to flay the Innocents, 310. The Maflacre of the Innocents, 39, 55, 245, 384, 420, 425. Prefentation, the, of Chrift in the Temple, 59, 66, 74, 92, 99, 119, 122, 199, 205, 209, 211, 231, 257, 337. Chrift and his Mother in the Temple, 142, 440. Chrift and the doeftors in the Temple, 69, 130. The baptifm of Chrift, 39, 43,55, 66,69, 99 ^ ^ 121, 123, 124, 131, 136, 145, 206, 245, 358, 420, 457, 487. Baptifm of Chrift, with fun and moon, 123. The Ministry of Christ: Sermon on the Mount, 53. Transfiguration of Chrift, unique reprefentation in very early Chriftian fculpture, 37. The Transfiguration, 89, 99, 116, 117, 233, 431. Chrift afleep in the fhip, 56. Chrift, and the Adulterefs pardoned, 142,440. 522 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. The Ministry of Christ — cont. Samaria, Chrift at the well, with the woman of, 46, 49, 14 1, 359^ 371- Chrift and the rich young man, 14 1. Chrift teaching His Apoftles, 36, 388, 450. Chrift feated at table, the Magdalen wiping His feet with her hair, 1 14. Chrift and His difciples, with the Magdalen at His feet, 143. The entry into Jerufalem, 39, 46, 99, 114, 131, 149, 184, 198, 246. The money changers driven out of the Temple, 53, I58,"246, 476. The Miracles of Christ : Miracles reprefented on pyx in Bafilewlky Coll., 403. The firft miracle at the wedding feaft of Cana in Galilee, 41, 56, 92. 125. 130. 420. 452. 476. Miracle of the loaves and fifties, 359, 373, 440. Miracle of the blind man reftored to fight, 33, 34, 40, 43, 46, 50, 93. 128. 141. 158. 274. 476. Miracle of the leper cured, 117, 130. Miracle of the woman with the bloody flux cured, 43, 46, 56, Miracle of the daughter of Jairus raifed, 35, 56, 107, 403. Miracle, the fervant of the Centurion cured, 245. Miracle,'' the paralytic cured, and carrying his bed, 40, 43, 46, 50^, 56, 274. Miracle, the demoniac cured and the fwine, 46, 50, 56, 14 1, 274. Miracle, the widow of Naim’s fon raifed, 142, 483. Miracle, Lazarus raifed from the dead, 34, 40, 43, 45, 46, 50, 78, 89, 99, 128, 141, 198, 274, 440, 483. The Passion of Christ: Paflion of Chrift, various fcenes of, 34, 44, 53, 18 1, 269, 347, 472 > + 75 , 488. Paflion, fcenes of, prefented to St. Denis by the Emperor Paleo- logus, 391. Chrift wafhing the feet of the difciples, 53, 131, 198, 234, 269, 431. The Laft Supper, 36, 122, 157, 184, 198, 246, 253, 326, 438. The Agony in the Garden, 157, 326. Judas bargaining with the High Prieft, 18 1, 185, 246. Judas, the treachery of, (kifs of Chrift), 177, 18 1, 184, 185, 269, 327, 385, 462. Peter cutting off the ear of Malchus, 177, 181, 184, 185. Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. 523 The Passion of Christ — cont. Judas bringing back the thirty pieces of filver, 269. » Judas hanging himfelf, 38, 44, 53, 18 1, 230, 269. The flagellation of Chrift, 155, 177, 180, 181, 185, 323, 339* Chrifl: (landing before Pilate, 39, 180, 18 1, 385. Pilate waftiing his hands, 34, 44, 53, 269. Chrifl: led away by the foldiers, 246, 327. Chrifl: reviled by the Jews, 18 1, 183, 327. Chrifl: bearing the Crofs, 180, 18 1, 183, 185, 327. The denial of St. Peter, and the Cock, 44, 385. Crucifixion, 44, 56, 58, 65, 67, 83, 92, 95, 96, 98, 99, 105, 1 10, III, 112, II 3 ^ 114, i24r i3i> 140 , i44> i47> 150, i57>i59> 164, 165, 166, 168, 172, 175, 176^, 177, 178, 180, i8i, 183, 184, 187, 188, 189, 191, 192^, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199^, 202, 208, 210, 211, 213, 216, 266, 269, 315, 322, 323, 327, 380, 385, 422, 486. Crucifixion, with earth and water perfonified, &c., 459, 481. Crucifixion, with the chariots of the fun and moon, 384. Crucifixion, infcribed LEX, 396. Crucifixion, with an angel holding a cup to catch the blood from the fide, 376. Crucifixion, with angels catching the blood from the hands, 421. Crucifixion, with ferpent at foot of Crofs, 398. Crucifixion, beneath a canopy, with fkull at bafe of the Crofs^ (Byzantine), 371. Crucifixion, with a bufl: at foot of Crofs, 450. Crucifixion, with cup at foot of Crofs, 448. Crucifixion, with wreath at top and vafe at bafe of the Crofs, 415. Crucifixion, with the fcabellum refling on a chalice, 432. Crucifixion, with a fword piercing the heart of the Virgin, 455. Crucifixion of Chrift and the two Thieves, 114, 135, 348, 375, 400, 448. Chrifl, coat of, lots cafl by the foldiers for, 92, 114. Defcent from the Crofs, 79, 92, 96, 140, 173, 177, 181, 183, 245> 360, 417, 452- The Entombment, 96, 140, 174, 180, 182, 185, 189, 198, 202, 245. Christ, Defcent to Hades (Harrowing of Hell), 67, 99, 132, 140, 171, 176, 182, 245, 269. Chrifl, the dead body of, fupported by the Almighty Father, 314. Chrifl, dead body of, fupported by angels, 319. Sepulchre of Chrifl: watched by foldiers, 53, 269. 524 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. The Passio of Christ — cont. One of the Maries at the Sepulchre with the angels, 40. The Two Maries at the Sepulchre of Chrift, 45, 67, 89, 93, 132, 139, 260, 269, 366, 405. The Maries at the Sepulchre, 105, 108, iii, 112, 114, 124, 136, 140, 150, 159^ 180, 182, 197, 199, 202, 233, 337, 438, 448. The Resurrection of Christ, 172, 180, 199, 200, 323, 339. Chrift appearing to the two Maries, 68, 89, 139. Noli me tangere, 36, 65, 180, 182, 184, 185, 213. Thomas, St., incredulity of, 44, 53, 122, 129, 141, 270. Chrift appearing to the eleven difciples, 53. Chrift and His difciples, 141. Chrift appearing to His difciples after His refurredlion, iii. Emmaus, Chrift and His difciples walking to, 82, 122. Chrift bleffing His difciples after the Refurrecftion, 122, 133, 1*34, 233^ 270, 274, 343. The Ascension of Christ, 66, 95, 99, 107, 109, 115, 132, 136, 144, 244, 354, 415, 427 (with Greek infcription), 431, 438, 44^ > The Virgin and Apoftles looking upward, after the Afcenlion, 156. Devotional Subjects : Chrift, the humility of, with the Virgin and St. John, 276. Chrift fhowing His wounds, with the implements of the Paffion borne by angels, 176, 183, 197, 2 I 2 , 349, 472. The Glorification of Christ : Chrift feated in glory, 146. Chrift feated in glory, with the A, o), 137. Chrift in glory, feated on a rainbow, 417, 420. Chrift feated within an aureola, 55. Chrift feated in a double aureola holding the keys and book, 157. Chrift feated, with fun and moon, 230. Chrift feated in glory, with evangelical fymbols and perfonifications of earth and water, 108. Chrift feated in glory, with the Virgin and St. Peter, angels fup- porting the crofs, 138. Chrift feated on a rainbow, with the Virgin, St. John, and evan- gelical fymbols, 165. Chrift feated in glory, with the four evangelifts, 126, 16 1. Alphabetical hidex of SubjeSls. 525 The Glorification of Christ — coiit. Chrift feated in glory in a double aureola, with the cvangelidic fy inbols, 241. Chrift feated in glory, with evangeliftic fynibols, 126, 151, 168, 172. 385- Chrift feated in glory, with evangelical fymbols, the Cherubim, &c., 120, 148. Chrift feated in glory, with angels, 180. Chrift feated in glory, with SS. Peter and Paul, &c., 104, 109. Chrift and His difciples, with the four rivers of Paradife, 135. Chrift, with various faints, with Greek inferiptions, 351, 352. Chrift, with bufts of angels and the Twelve Apoftles, 98. — ^ Chrift, ftanding, with bufts of the Twelve Apoftles, 462. Chrift, feated, with SS. Peter and Paul, 45, 47. Chrift, feated, with the Apoftles, on pyx, 272, Chrift, ftanding, holding the crofs, with Apoftles, 322. Chrift, ftanding, holding book with infeription on deep panel, 238. Chrift, holding Byzantine crofs, with the Dove, 438. Chrift, with figures rifing from their tombs, 425. Chrift and angels fummoning the dead, 176. Chrift receiving the model of a church from a crowned perfimage, 469. Chrift ftanding on the lion and adder, inferibed REX, 479. Chrift, of the youthful type, ftanding on the lion and afp, 51, 55, 165- Chrift, of the juvenile type, with birds, 71. Chrift, juvenile type of, portrait, 36, 52. Chrift, of the youthful type, in the adf of benedidfion, 58. Chrift, buft of, with cruciferous and pearled nimbus, 75. Chrift, buft of (Byzantine), 239. Chrift, buft of, with foliage, 117. Chrift, ftanding, Byzantine figure of, 240, 434. Chrift blelling two Byzantine perfonages, 81. Chrift blefling Romanus and Eudocia, 84. Chrift blefling SS. Vi 61 :or and Gereon, 155. Chrift blefling the Virgin, 183 ; and fee Virgin, coronation of. Chrift and the forty martyrs, 74. Chrift, with SS. Peter and Paul, blefling the city of 7 'reves, 131. Chrift, with two archangels, the Virgin, St, John, and SS. Conftantine and Helena, 83. Chrift, with the Virgin and St. John, ftanding under a pierced canopy (Byzantine), 90, 151. 526 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. The Glorification of Christ— cont. Chrift, feated, in the aft of benediftion in the Byzantine manner, 90- Chrift, feated on a Byzantine throne, in aft of benediftion, with Sclavonic infcription, 80, 99^. Chrift, feated, with the Virgin, St. John Baptift, and two arch- angels, 86. Chrift, with the facramental chalice, 327. Chrift, the dead body of, fupported by the Virgin, 277. Chrift, figure of (portion of a Crucifixion), 174. Crucifix figures of the Saviour. See Lille, 419, 429. Chrift of the Apocalypfe, 85. Chriftian ivories, feries of early, 30 . Chriftopher, St., bearing Chrift, 199, 210, 393. Cingalefe cafket, with arabefques of leaves, flowers, and animals, 255. Circles, concentric, early date of ornament, 282, 294, 314. Circular ivory relic boxes, 483 ; and fee Situlae. Circular box for the Sainte Chapelle, 409. Ciriacus, St., 457. Claflical ivories, i — — . Clementinus, diptych of Conful FI. Taurus Cl. Armon., 19. ,, copy of his diptych, 372. Clovis, baptifm of, reprefented, 148. Coat, the holy, and relics received at Treves, 64. Colofleum reprefented on a teflfera, 42^. Combs, 314. „ (Louvre), 394. „ at Bamberg, 433, 434. ,, Epifcopal, in the BruflTels Mufeum, 479. ,, of Emprefs Cunegunda, 433. Comb, Roman, at Munich, 461. ,, of Charlemagne at Ofnabruck, 465. ,, of St. Gauzelin, 424. ,, of St. Hildegardis, 447. ,, of the Emperor Henry 11 . , 466. ,, liturgical, with foliated medallions, 429. „ with marriage fcene, at Cracow, 444. „ with fcenes from a romance, with murder of a king, 362. „ of Bifliop Anno, 469. of St. Bernard, 422. of St. Conrad of Augfburg, 433. 5? Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. 527 Comb of St. Ulrich, 433. „ with German Emperor on horfeback, 401. „ with the Annunciation and Adoration of the Magi, 440. Combats between men and lions, 271. ,, in the Roman circus between men and beads, 18, 20, 21. Compiegne, diptych of, 13. Concert, the heavenly, by angels, 323. Conrad, St., comb of, 433. Conftantine, Auguftus, fuppofed diptych of, 353. ,, and Helena blelTed by Chrift, 83. „ with the holy relics of Treves, 65. Conftantinople, Hippodrome, Egyptian column re-eredfed, 12. Confular diptychs, ii ; and fee Barberini and Trcvulzi. Confular diptych, leaf of, unknown conful, 361,363. „ at Oviedo, 490. ,, diptych of Anaftafms at Liege, 483. Conful, ftatuette of a Roman, 27. „ unknown, diptych of, 1 5. Cordula, St., cafket of, with monftrous animals, 339. Cornelius, St., horn of, 443. Cofmas, St., 84, 88. Council (of the Gods ?), 60. Creation, fcenes of, 54. ,, of the fun, moon, and ftars, 93. ,, of the vegetable world, 93. Crepitaculunt ecclefiafticum, 406. Crifantus, St., 240. Crofs, RulTo-Greek, with figures of faints and fmall groups, 100. ,, jewelled, on book-cover of Milan, 40. „ with Greek infcription, 84. „ with rofettes and Greek infcription, 91. ,, pedforal, with the Crucifixion, 144. Cunegunda, Emprefs, combs of, 433. ,, cafket of, 336. Cupid, with Adonis and Venus, 271 ,, as the Genius of Death, 3. ,, as attendant of Hygeia, 5. „ and lovers, 203^ ; and fee Mirror Cafes. ,, with a fwan, 1 1. with his torch, and winglefs, 6. o 5 ? 528 Alphabetical Index of SubjeSls. D. Dagger, handle of, with warriors fighting, 217. Damian, St., 84, 88. Dancing figures, on Byzantine cafket, 226. Dancing girls, Indian, with flowers, 256. Daniel in the lion’s den, 37, 123, 185. ,, pleading for Sufanna, 250, 251. ,, feeding the dragon, 37. Daphne with fwan, 11. Daria, St., 240. Darius, King, and Daniel, 123. David, twelve feenes of life of, on cafket at Sens, 236. ,, cafket, with feenes, hiflory of, 354, 421. ,, fix feenes in the life of, 72. ,, his four attendants, 72, 126. ,, and attendants playing on inftruments of inufic, 388. ,, playing on the harp,'340. ,, and Goliath, 280, 295^. ,, and Jonathan, 81. „ Rex, 31. ,, and warriors protedfed by God againfl: his enemies, 486. ,, foul of, protedted by angels, 102. Dead, the rifing from the graves, iii, 112, 124. Death reprefented under the clafTical figure of Cupid, 3. ,, the triumph of the car of, 324. Denys, St., martyrdom of, 185. Defcent of the Holy Ghofl, 354. See Holy Ghofl: and Pentecoft. Devil, image of, deftroyed by a bifhop, 186. Diana and her attendants, 328. ,, Etrufean tablet, i. ,, Lucifera in a car, 7. ,, and Virbius, 6. Diptychs. See Confular Diptychs. ,, See Coll., Louvre and Cluny. ,, and Polyptychs in the Bafilewfky Coll., 467. Diptych, portions of, Trevulzi Coll., 365. ,, unknown confular, with foliage, 19. ,, confular, unknown, 23^, 26, 27; 29. ,, with St. Theodore and Akakeis, 381. ,, doubtful of Philoxenus, 25. Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. 529 Doctors, the four, of the Church, 169. Drinking cups and goblets, 326, 331, 332, 333. Dragon bearing a man and a fmaller dragon (Draughtfman), 295. ,, of the Apocrypha, Daniel feeding, 37. ,, flain by St. George ; fee George, St., and Michael. Dragon at the foot of the Crofs, 113. Dragons, two, ftrangled by Hercules (?), 297. „ devouring a man, in middle of paftoral ftafF, 264. Draughtfmen, 294 . „ in the Bafilewfky Coll., 406. ,, in Coll, of M. Carrand, 427. „ in Coll, of M. Dyck, 463. Dream of Jacob, 94. Drogo, Archbifhop, fon of Charlemagne, 133. Durand, M., explanation of the carving of the pfalter of Charles le Chauve, 103. Dutch boors playing at cards, 330. E. Eagle of St. John, 118. Earth and Water perfonified, 104, 108, iii, 112, 114, 120, 150, 422. Earth, Water, and Heaven? perfonified, 124^. Ebnerian Codex of the Gofpels, 91. Ecclefia perfonified, catching the blood of Chrift, 109, in, 112, 113. ,, the Church perfonified, 59, 147, 152. ,, and Synagogue perfonified, 164, 171, 180. Elias, St., 84. Elizabeth of Thuringia, 380. Elifha and his facrifice, 35. Ellenhard, Bifhop, of Freyfing, 95, 459. Emblems of the Virgin, 320. „ various Chriftian, 35, 36, 37. Emperor, German, ftanding under an arch, 256. ,, with knights and ecclefiaftics under arches, on fitula, 267, 268. ,, Roman, figures of, upon the filver pulpit at Aix-la-Chapelle, 9, 10. Ethelbert, fuppofed diptych of, 14. 30670. L L 530 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. Etrufcan ivories, 2, 4. Eudocia Delaflena, Emprefs, blefTed by Chrift, 84. Europa with the bull, 221. Euftace, St., and the ftag, 393. Eutychus raifed by St. Paul, 186. Eve, creation of, 93. Evangeliarium of Charles le Chauve, 104. Evangelifts and Apoftles, early reprefentation of, 34, 40. ,, the four, {landing with Chrift, 50. ,, figures of the four, 49, 50. ,, writing their Gofpels, no, 120, 173, 180. ,, fymbols of, with fcrolls, 171^. F. Fall, the, reprefented, 401. ,, Eve with a bunch of grapes, 404. Family, the Holy, 470. Fates, the three, with Achilles, 272. Felix, diptych of Conful Flavius, 13. ,, Gallus, fuppofed diptych of, 14. Fiammingo, plaques fculptured by, 329, 339, 340. Fiery furnace, the three children in the, 35, 50, 185, 402. Figures of a crucifixion group, 325. Filibertus, St., 61. Fifhermen with Chrift, 351. Flabellum (ecclefiaftical fan), 59, 60, 61. ,, of Tournus, 60, 61, 427. Flavius iEtius, fuppofed diptych of, 15. ,, Felix. See Felix. Fleurs-de-lys on a plaque, with kneeling figure, 487. ,, triptych with, 390. ,, and bent pike, coat of arms with, 209^^. Foliage on head of paftoral ftaff, in arabefques, 264, 265. Forfeits, playing at, 360. Fountain of Youth, romance of, 247. Francis, St., 214. ,, of Aflifi, with birds and fifties, 465. Friar preaching to females and children, 317. Fulco, Bifhop, ivory feal of, 406. Furnace. See Fiery. Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. 531 G. Gall, St., library of the monaftcry of, ivories at, 4, 120. ,, and the bear, 120. Galla Placidia, fuppofed diptych of, 14. Games in the Roman circus, 20, 21. Ganymede ?, ’eagle with, 315. Gafpar, Baltafar, and Melchior, 241 ; and fee Adoration of Magi (Chrift). Gauzelin, St., Bifhop of Toul, 424. George, St., flaying the dragon, 187, 322, 331, 465. ^ Gereon, St., glorification of, 155. Gervafius, St., 55. Giant, with club and lion (chefs-piece), 292. Gideon, pool of, 54. Gloria in Excelfis, 121. Goat, man and woman riding on, 282. Goliah, killed by David, 81 ; and fee David. Gothic ivories, 175 . Gregorius, St., 238, 396. Gregory, St., 30, 88, 100. „ feated, writing, and the Dove, 137, 169, 453. ,, and monks writing, 473. Graces, the three, 314, 461. Grandifon, John, armorial bearings of Bifhop, 195. Griffin attacking an ox, 232. Griffins and rofettes, 227, 228. Guillermin, crucifix carved by, 429. Gunhilda, crofs of the Princefs, 152. H. Habukkuk and Daniel, 123 ; and fee Abacuc. Hand of God holding wreath above the Crucifixion, 113. Hare carried by the Genius of Winter, 4. Harrowing of Hell. See ChrifPs defcent to Hades. Hawking, gentleman and lady riding, 304, 305, 31 1. „ lady and gentleman, 255. Hawks, carried by knights, 201, 204. Head of Our Lord, devotional, 217. L L 2 53 2 Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. Head, devotional, Chrift and fkull, 217. Heads, forming parts of a row of beads, 217, 218. Heavenly bodies, creation of, 93. Helena, St., and Conftantine, blefled by Chrift, 83. ,, receiving the holy coat at Treves, 64. Helena or Gunhilda, crofs of, 152, 153. Hell, Harrowing of. See Chrift’s defcent to Hades. Henley, Orator, fatyrifed, 330. Henry I., Emperor of Germany, 232, 361. ,, ,, calket of, 467. Henry II., Emperor, comb of, 466. ,, Emperor of Germany, knife ftieath of, 433. Henry VI., King of England, 213. Hercules, labours of, 379 ; and fee Chair of St. Peter. ,, killing Cacus, 296. ,, (?) ftrangling two dragons, 297. „ combatting; feveral opponents, 226. „ (?) figure of, 128. Herebert, St., of Cologne, comb of, 315. ,, Tau crofs of, 446. Hermagoras, St., 396. Hildegardis, St., comb of, 447. Hippolytus, figure of, 5, 6. Hobby horfes, children with, 255. Holy Ghoft, defcent of, 90, 118, 169 ; and fee Defcent of. Honorius, diptych of the Conful (Aofta), 379. Horns, 277 . ,, five, at Maeftricht, 483. ,, at Prague, 466. ,, Ambras Coll., 473. ,, at Berlin, 440. Huntfman riding on a hare, 297. Hunting knives, French, 326. Hunting knife, with figures of huntfrnen, 338. Hunting fcene on Runic cafket, 255. Hunting horn, with lion hunt, dromedary, &:c., 423. Hygeia. See iEfculapius, 5. I. Indian cafket, with dancing figures and foliage, 256. Infants dancing to the found of the violin, 325. Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. 533 Infant, naked, lying afleep, 262. Innocents, the murder of, 91 ; and fee Chrift. Inftruments of the Paflion, 197 ; and fee Chrift. Inftruments of mufic played on by angels, 215. Interlaced ribbon work, 281. Ifaac, the facrifice of, prevented, 94, 119, 272, 404. Ifaiah, prophet, figure of, 444. ,, prophecy of, concerning the Virgin, 55. ,, receiving the live coal from an angel, 109. Ivan, St., 100. J. Jacob and Jofeph, fcenes in the hiftory of, 32, 71. Jacob wreftling with the angel, 35. ,, afcending the ladder, 35. ,, and Rachel, with ftieep, 35. Jacob’s dream, 94. Jacob. See Jofeph. James, St., of Compoftella, 199, 210, 213, 215, 337. January, with the zodiacal fign, Aries (draughtfman), 295 ; and fee Zodiac. Jerome, St., with the lion and fkull, 324, 440. Jerufalem reprefented by the fynagogue, 147. ,, attacked by Titus, 235. JefTe, the tree of, 320. Joab. See Abner. Johel, maker of a flabellum, 61. John the Baptift, St., 83, 85. ,, holding the Agnus Dei, 210, 213, 215, 218, 337. ,, with a fcroll and Greek infcription, 77. ,, preaching in the Wildernefs, 1 14. ,, decapitation of, 276. ,, young and old, 207. ,, ftanding, ftatuette, 259. „ 'writing his gofpel, 195, 451. ,, with the Virgin and Chrift, 206. John Chryfoftom, St., 84. Jonah and the “ whale,” 36, 37, 51, 273, 403. Jordan, the river, perfonified, 104. 534 Alphabetical Index of Subje&s. Jofeph, twenty-four fcenes of life of, on cafket at Sens, 236. ,, and Jacob, fcenes of hiftory of, 71, 358. „ fold by his brethren, 31, 273. Jofeph, St., dream of, and journey to Bethlehem, 359, 418. Jo{hua(?), fcenes in the life of, 71. Joftiua commanding the fun to ftand, 325. Judgment, the laft, 116, 153. Judith, book cover with figure of, 472. ,, with the head of Holofernes, 325. Julia, St., 240. Jupiter, Mars, and Mercury, 315. Jupiter and Danae, 333. Juftina, fuppofed diptych of, 14. Juflinian (?), diptych of, at Vienna, 473. Juftinianus, diptych of Conful FI. Petr. Sabb., 19. K. Kilian, St., decapitation of, 475. King, with attendants, riding on an afs, 154. „ riding with attendants, chefs piece, 287. „ and knights in armour, group of, 464. ,, and warriors, group of, 193. „ feated with a bifhop, 243. „ feated, chefs piece, 283^, 288, 290. Kifs of peace, given by bifhop, 134. Knife-fheath of Emperor Henry II., 433. Knight on horfeback, chefs piece, 285% 291, 292, 293. Knights, combat of, chefs piece, 289, 290, 292. Knight and lady at table, 193. Knight and lady, 194, 195, 196, 197. Knights and ladies, crowned and embracing, 193, 201. Knight and lady, riding, with hawks, 193, 197, 204. Knights, Byzantine, and caftle, 94, 195 ; and fee Cheflmen and Mirror Cafes.] L. Labarum, figure of, 350 ; and fee Aofta, 379. Lamb of God, 38, 146. Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. 535 Lamb of God fupported by angels, 457. „ with a crofs, 180. Lamb of the Paflbver, 119. Lampadius, diptych leaf of, 12. Lancelot, Sir, romance of, 247. „ and Queen Guinever’s elopement, 303. Laurentius, St., 396. Lawrence, St., beaten with thongs, 186. ,, with gridiron, 207. Leda and the fwan, 333. Legend of unknown faint, fcenes of, 444. Leonard, St. (?), 207. ^ Leontia, Emprefs, fuppofed diptych of, 14. Lewes Priory, crofs found at, 144. LEX, infcription on plaque, with the Crucifixion, 396. LEX, REX, PAX, LUX, infcribed with figure of Chrift, 161. Lincoln, Roman fculptured ftone found at St. Swithin’s Church, 4. Lindbert, St., of Kaiferwerth, reliquary of, 454. Lion’s den, Daniel in, 123 ; and fee Daniel. Lion, attacking the foul of David, 102. ,, devouring a bull, 228. ,, of the houfe of Judah, and open tomb, 180. ,, and dragon vanquifhed by Chrift, 165. ,, combat with, on Byzantine cafket, 225, 226, 227, 422. Lions, combats with men, 95, 271, 280, 403. ,, and lionefs, 278. ,, and other beafts, attacking oxen, fheep, &c., 12 1 Liturgical ceremonies reprefented, 133, 134. Liturgical, Greek, infcription on a diptych, 19. Liutgerus, carver of the crofs of Gunhilda, 153. Livre d’ivoire (Rouen), 416. Longinus and Stefanus, the fpear and fponge-bearers, and Crucifixion, 59 - Lot and his daughters, 464. Louis, St., and his mother Blanche, 399. Love, afcent to the caftle of, 300. „ the Court of (mirror cafes), 300, 304, 306, 307, 312. ,, ftorming of the caftle of (mirror cafes), 247^, 299, 309. Lovers, groups of, 192, 194, 195, 196, 201, 202, 203, 205, 210, 246, 248. Lovers, groups of (mirror cafes and writing tablets), 299, 302'^, 303'^, 304, 3°^ 307^ 308, 310, 311, 312, 313, 317. Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. Lucius, Pope, figure of, 167. T^upus, St., comb of, 316. Luther, Martin, his drinking cup, 326. M. Maclou or Malo, St., paftoral ftaff of, 482. Maid Marian in the Morris Dance, 254^. Male figure, buft of, 59. Mappa circenfis, 12, 18, 20, 54. Marcus Julius Philippus, the Arab, 12. Marcus Julius Philippus, Roman Conful, 12. Marcus, St., figure of, 363. Mark, St., preaching and baptizing, 69. Marriage group, Roman ivory, 28. Martial proceflion, clafiical, 8. Martin, St., dividing his cloak with the beggar, 268, 298, 337, 350. Martyrs, forty, with Chrift, 74. Martyrdom of Thomas a Becket, 187. Matthew, St., lymbol of, 360. ,, with the Gofpel.book, 129. ,, buft of, 1 17. Maximianus, St., epifcopal chair of, 31, 357. Mathematics, a geometrical female figure reprefenting, 252. Mauritius, St., 366. Melchizedek, holding a flagon and loaf, 119. Melifenda, Princefs, her pfalter, 72. Mennas, St., with his camels, 275. ,, martyrdom of, 70. Mercy, fix afts of, reprefented, 73. Metz, Sacramentaire de, 133. Michael the Archangel, with gemmed nimbus, 75. Michael, St., and the Dragon, 455, 462. Minerva, with the head of Gorgon, 325. Mirror cafes, 299, 392, 464, 468 . Modeftus, St., 57. Moneybox, Roman, 10. Monk, and two lovers embracing, 192. „ devoured by a bear, 288. Monftrous animals, various, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281. Monfters, various, on the cafket of Cunegunda, 336. Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. Months, the occupations of the twelve, 6i. Moorifh box, with ornamental fcroll, and Arabic infcription, 255. Mora, Italian game of, 92. Morris dance, cafket with, 2542, 465. “ Mors ” carved on crofs of Gunhilda, 152. Mofes, in the bulrulhes, difcovered by Pharaoh’s daughter, 37. „ contending with the Egyptian, 37. ,, feeding his brethren, 37. ,, ftriking the rock for water, 106. ,, pointing to the brazen ferpent, 37. „ invefting Aaron with the garments of the pricfthood, 364. ,, taking ofF his fhoes, 34. ,, and the burning bufh, 34. ,, receiving the tables of the Law, 35, 119, 130, 403. Mufes, Six, infpiring the fame number of poets, 7. Mufical inftruments, 179. N. Nazarius, St., figure of, 146. Neptune, riding on a fea-horfe, 326. ,, drawn by fea-horfes, 333. ,, and Amphitrite, 461. Nereus and Achilleus, SS., 238. Nicafius, St., figure of, 147. Nicholas, St., 100, 396. Nicholaus, St., 84, 88. Nichomachorum, fecond leaf of diptych at the Hotel Cluny, 395. Noah dire 61 :ing the building of the ark, 93. Nymph, clalfical, with lyre, and male figure with pan-pipes, 425. o. Odelricus, Abbot, 57. Oderade, Prior, 467. Opftal, Gerard von, 328. Oreftes, confular diptych of, 25. Orpheus with the lyre, 221. ,, and the beafts, 379. Otto, the Emperor, cafket of, 467. ,, Emperor of the Romans, blefied by Chrill, 397. 538 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. Otto, Imperator, and his Emprefs and child adoring Chrift, 366. . ,, Emperor, and Theophania, 450^. „ Auguftus, dedication of fitula to, 270. 5, Bifhop of Bamberg, paftoral ftafF of, 433. „ Bifhop of Hildefheim, 454. Ovule, Greek, ornament, 6. R Paderborn, gofpels of, 471. Panagia of the RufTo-Greek Church, 99, 100. Panagie de Voyage, 491. Pancratius, St., 239. Pantaleemon, St., 84. Pantaleon, St., 396. Panthea, ftatuette of (Cluny), 395. Paradife, rivers of, 135. ,, the expulfion from, 54. Paris (?), Judgment of, on a comb, 317. Paftoral ftafF of archbifhop, 170. „ with the head of a dragon or other animal in the middle of ' the volute, 263^, 264, 265. „ with winged horfe (Agram), 431. „ at Altenburg, 432. „ Virgin and Child and kneeling figure at Zwetl, 476. ,, ftem of, with fcenes of life of Chrift, 421. „ of St. Gregory, 353. ,, of firft Bifhop of Metz, 423. „ of Otto Bifhop of Bamberg, 433. „ of St. Maclou, 482. ,, of Bifhop Otho, 454. ,, at Klofter Neuburg, 454. „ of St. Boniface, 450. „ at Gottweitz, 451. „ at Raigern, 467. „ at Ratifbonne, 467. „ at Salzburg, 468, 469. „ at Lyons, 425, 426. „ at Namur, 482. „ at Trent, 470. Paftoral ftaves, heads of, 262. „ in Bafilewfky Coll., 406, 409. Alphabetical Index of SuhjeBs. 539 Paftoral ftaves at Hildefheim, 454. collection of M. Carrand, 427. 5 ? at Narbonne, 428. at Arles, 429. >? at Cologne, 442. Paul, St., converfion of, 186. A raifing Eutychus, 186. fcenes in the life of, 48. 5i (Saul), pjreaching, 129. >> with infcription Gratia Dei, &c., 163. 55 buft of, 83. 55 (?), ftanding, holding a fcroll, 143. 55 with St. Peter and Chrift, 45, 47 ; and fee Peter and Paul. Pawn, for chefs, 281, 287. Pax, with Crucifixion and infcription of Urfus, 380. „ on the Gofpels of Tongres, 481. Paxes, 276 . ,, at Rouen, 418. Pegafus, 221. ,, and foliage on a comb, 316. Peter, confular diptych of, Trevulzi Coll., 365. Peter, St., ftanding figure with Greek infcriptions, 78. „ figure of, 61, 84, 88, 363, 466. ,, with the keys, 58^, 167. „ preaching from a tower, 186. „ martyrdom of, 186. ,, pretended chair of, 341. „ fee Chrift, Malchus. Peter and Paul, SS., with Chrift, 41, 45, 47, 104. „ feated with an angel, 68. ,, with the Virgin and Child, 176, 434. „ on the livre d’ivoire, Rouen, 416. „ figures of, 207, 213. Phoedra, figure of, 6. Pharaoh’s daughter difcovers the infant Mofes, 37. Philip, St., 85. Philip, the Arab, confular diptych of, 12. Philoxenus, confular diptych of, 24. ,, doubtful diptych of, 25. ,, confular diptych of, Trevulzi Coll,, 364. Phocas, Emperor, fuppofed diptych of, 14. Pike, coat of arms with, 209. 540 Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. Pilgrim faint, ftatuette of, 261. Plectrum, female figure playing the, 386. Pluto, god of metals, 220. Poet, claflical, Claudian, Aufonius, Boethius, Ennius or Homer, b. Polyptych, with the Virgin and Child and fix volets, 367 ; and fee Virgin and Child. Pommel of fword or ftafF, 169. Pompeius, reprefented on a confular diptych, 20. Poft-Gothic (Renaiflance) ivories, 319 . ^ Potiphar’s wife. See Jofeph. Powder-flafk, Indo-Portuguefe, 327. Prawn, figure of, upon a Roman teffera, 3. Pre-Gothic ivories, 133 . Priefi: miniftering at an altar, 153, 154, 293. ,, celebrating the mafs, 448. Princes, confular diptych with figures of two unknown warriors, 29. Probianus, diptych of Conful Rufius, 13. Probus, diptych of Conful Magnus, 22. Proceflion of mythological and facred perfons, 324. Prodigal fon, group of, 76. Prophet, death of the old, with the lion and afs, 35. Prophets, the twelve, with figns of zodiac, 461. Proferpine, the rape of, 331. Protafius, St., 55. Pfalms, 35th and 56th, illuftrated by carvings, 103. Pfalter of Princefs Melifenda, 72. Pyramus and Thifbe, fcenes from romance of, 247. Pyxes, 271 . ,, at Ravenna, 363. ,, in the Bafilewfky Coll., 402. ,, in colledfion of Dr. Hahn, 453. Pyx, at Carlfruhe, with agricultural fubjedls, 441. ,, with battles of fauns and human figures (at Fabriano), 375. ,, with Orpheus (at Bobbio), 379. ,, with river god and goddefs (at Wiefbaden), 474. ,, Jofeph and his brethren and the facks of corn, 402. ,, cylindrical, with the Nativity, at Werden, 474. ,, -^ith the offering of the Magi (Uffizi), 377. „ Adoration of Magi, 377. ,, with the Nativity and Adoration of the Magi, 416. with miracles of Chrift (Cluny), 396^. 55 Alphabetical Index of SubjeEls. 541 Q- Quadrigae, race by, I2. Queen, feated, chefs piece, 283, 284^, 287, 289, 292. Quefnoy, Jerome du, crucifix made by, 484. Quirini, Cardinal, his diptych and library at Brefcia, 5. R. Race with quadrigae, 278. Rachel and Jacob, with their flocks, 35. Rambona, diptych of, 56. Reindeer horn ornamented with carving, 405. Reliquary, in fliape of a Romanefque church, in Mufeum Bruffels, 480. ,, in fhape of a church at Darmftadt, 446. ,, at Bruffels, 446. ,, cupola-fhaped, at Darmftadt, 445. Remigius, miracles of, reprefented, 148. Retable of Mareuil en Brie, 423. Retable of Poiffy, 390. Rhenifh-Romanefque ivories, 133 . Riccardianum, diptychon, 28. Rivers, the Four, of Paradife, 135. ,, ,, ,, reprefented by waterpots, 136. Rock ftruck by Mofes, 106. Roefkilde cathedral, feal of, 167. Roland, horn of, 466. Romances, various fcenes from, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 253. See Mirror Cafes and Cafkets. Romanus, Emperor, bleffed by Chriff, 84. Rome, one thoufandth anniverfary of foundation of, 12. „ (nOXiS PcjpMH), 68. ,, perfonified figure of, 28. See Confular diptychs. Romulus and Remus with the wolf, 340. Romulus and Remulus a lupa nutriti, 56. Romwalus and Reuwmalus (Romulus and Remus) on Runic cafket, 235- Rofes, battle of the (mirror cafe), 300. 542 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. Runic cafket, prefented by A. W. Franks, Efq., to Britifh Mufeum, 234. „ at Brunfwick, 335, 441. Rupert, St., of Salzburg, paftoral ftafF of, 469. Ruflb-Greek Church, ivories of, 63, 99, loi. Sabines, rape of the, 332. Saddles with ivory carvings, 465. Saint, an aged, with fcroll, 149. ,, preaching, with a dove, 163. Saints and Apoftles, bufts of numerous, 57, 83, 87, 238. ,, feries of ftanding figures of, 240, 242^ . Saints, with figns of zodiac, 162. Salver, with ivory plaques, 340. Samfon pulling down the gates of Gaza, 297. ,, carrying off the gates of Gaza, 280. ,, and the lion, 280, 465. ,, Delila cutting off his hair, 298. ,, and Delila, and flaying the dragon, 464. Scent box, fragment of clafiical, i, 2. Scent bottle, with flag hunt, 331. Sceptre of Charlemagne, 102. Sclavonic or RufTo-Greek ivories, with infcriptions, 99^. Seal, ivory, of Cathedral of Roefkilde, 167. ,, ivory, of Fulco, Bifhop, 406. Sebaftian, St., bound to a tree, 319. Sedulius, hymns of, 270. Sens, diptych of, with Bacchus and Diana Lucifera, 7. September, perfonification of, 77. Serpent twining round the bafe of the crofs, iii, 112, 114, 124. Servatius, St., Tau ftaffof, 482. Seven children in a bafket, fcene from a romance, 254. Shepherd, with his flocks, 60. ,, Chrifl, as the Good, 36. ,, the Good, flatuette, 402. Skull at bafe of the crofs, 98, 346. Silenus, reprefented on a fcent box, 2. „ and fatyrs, 473. Situlae for holy water, 266 . ,, with figures of the Virgin and Evangelifls, at Lyons, 426. 55 55 at Milan, 426. 5? 55 Alphabetical Index of SubjeSis. 543 Sol and Luna, pedbnified, 56, 59. See Sun and Moon. Solomon, Judgment of, 125, 474. Soul, the, treated as an infant, 87, 88^ ; and fee Death of the Virgin. ,, of David protcdled by angels, 102. Spiral, Irifli, ornament, 335. StalF, paftoral, of St. Gregory, 353 ; and fee Paftoral Staff. Stag hunt, 255, 280, 331. ,, and combat with bears, 275. Statuettes and femi-ftatuettes, 256 . Stephanus, St., 157. Stephen, St., 84, 85. „ ftoned, 107. -J ,, with two angels and infcription, 127. Style for writing, claffical, 3. Sun, moon, and ftars, creation of, 93. Sun and moon, perfonified, 56, 59, 83. ,, allegorical figures with torches, 136. ,, perfonified, at the Baptifm of Chrift, 123. ,, ,, in chariots, 124. Suonehild or Schwanhelde, Margravine, 457. Sufanna and the Elders, fcenes of the ftory of, 250, 251, 340, 361. ,, hiftory of, on a comb, 378. Swend, King of Denmark, 152, 153. Swine, Chrift curing the Demoniac, 141 ; and fee Chrift, Miracles of. Symbols of Evangelifts, 38, 40, 145, 15 1. “ Symmachorum,’’ leaf of Roman diptych, 8. Synagogue, perfonified, turning from Chrift, 59, no, Ii2, 113, 152. ,, reprefented by Jerufalem, 147. T. Tablets, for writing, 193, 194, 195, 204, 205, 210, 313. Tau crofs, in Bafilewfky Coll., 406. ,, in Texier Coll., 414. ,, in Crafnier Coll., 481. ,, at Chartres, 424. ,, at Deutz, 446. „ (Rouen), 417. Tau ftafF of St. Servatius, 482. Temptation, the, with the animals in the Garden of Eden, 280, 388. Terra fucklLng a hare and dragon, 296. 544 Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. Telefphorus attending i^^fculapius, 5. TefTerae, or circular tickets of admiflion to Roman theatre, 2, 3, 420, 425- ThalafTa, fea goddefs, with marine animals, 7. Theodolinda, fuppofed diptych of, 14. Theodore, St., diptych of, 381. 5? 34^* Theodolius re-eredls Egyptian column, 12. ,, and Galla Placidia diptych of, 14. Theophania, Emprefs, blefled by Chrift, 397. Theophanu, abbefs, Gofpel book of, 448. Therapion, St., Byzantine figure of, 436. Thomas a Becket, martyrdom of, 187. Thomas, St., 85 ; and fee Chrift. Titus and his warriors attacking Jerufalem, 235. Tobacco graters, 327, 328. Tournaments (mirror cafes), 247, 299, 305, 307, 308, 31 1. Tournament with elephants, 367. Tournay, ivory in cathedral of, 146. Tournus, flabellum of, 59, 60, 61, 427. Tragedy, plaque, with figure of, 403. Treves blefTed by Chrift, 13 1. ,, arrival of the holy coat at the Bafilica, 64. Trinity fymbolized by the three angels vifiting Abraham, 99. ,, reprefentation of, 349, 477. ,, glorification of the, 325. * „ reprefented with the Virgin and St. John and evangelical fym bols, 212. Trond, St., ftatuette of, 482. Turreted nimbus of female, no, 114. Tutilo, ivory carving by the Monk, 119. u. Ulrich, Biftiop of Augfburg, diptych of, 95. „ St., comb of, 433. „ St., Gofpel book of, with ivories, 459. Uriah and David, ftory of, 103. Urfula, St., foot of, in a mediaeval cafket, 442. Urfus, Duke of Lombardy, 380. Utrecht Pfalter, illuftrations from, 103. Alphabetical Index of SuhjeBs. 545 V. Valentinian IL J of, 14. „ diptych of Conful FI. Theodorus, 17. Valentine and Orfon, ftory of, 246. Valeria, St., 396. Vegetable world called into being, 73. Venus difplaying her ringlets to Adonis, 271. Venus and Cupid, 314. Veroli, Byzantine cafket from, 221. ~J Veronica, St., with the vera icon, 327. Vices overcome by the Chriftian Virtues, 73. Victor, St., glorification of, 155. Vidfory, figure of, killing a Wendifh foldier, 162. Vierge ouvrante, 180. Vines and grapes, as a Chriftian emblem, borne by men, 156. Vine branch and grapes carved on epifcopal chair, 32. Vintage, fcenes of, 7. Virbius with Diana, 6. VIRGIN MARY ; and> Chrift, early life of: Virgin and Child, bufts of, 86. Virgin Mary, buft of (Byzantine), 239. Virgin, buft of, with the Infant, and infcription to Bertoldus, 373. Virgin, fcenes of the hiftory of the, 373. Apochryphal life of the Virgin, fcenes from, 430. Virgin, openwork plaques, with the Annunciation, with a bifhop and queen, the Nativity, and death of, 425. Virgin Mary, ftanding weeping, ftatuette, 259. Virgin Mary and four evangelifts, on fitula, 267. Virgin Mary and four apoftles, femi-ftatuettes, 257. Virgin and St. John and angels attendant upon Chrift, 86. Virgin and Child, with the eleven apoftles, 323. Virgin and Child, ftanding, with faints, 179. Virgin and Child and St. Nicholas, Byzantine, 475. Virgin Mary and Child, ftatuettes, 258, 259'^, 260““, 261 262, 266, 338- Virgin and Child, ftanding, with angels, 97, 183, 187, 190“^, 191^, 198, 203, 2042, 205, 206, 2072, 208, 213, 218, 240 (Byzan- tine). Virgin Mary and Child, ftanding, in deep panel, 258. 30670. M M 54 ^ Alphabetical Index of SubjeBs. VIRGIN MARY— cont. Virgin and Child, ftanding, with bufts of angels, and a proftrate male figure, 97. Virgin and Child, feated, 10, 175, 176. Virgin and Child, feated, ftatue of, opening in the centre (Vierge ouvrante), 180, Virgin and Child, feated, ftatue of, at Lyons, 426. Virgin and Child, feated, with St. Jofeph and angel, 358. The Virgin and Child, feated, with St. Jofeph, 384. Virgin and Child, feated, with angels, 46, 47, 57, 104, 127, 215. Virgin and Child, feated, on a panagia, 100^. Virgin, death of, Byzantine, 82, 87, 88^, 99, 141, 179. Death of the Virgin, 182, 188, 200, 206, 360, 455, 472. Coffin of the Virgin, with man hanging from it, 373, 412. Virgin, the Aflumption of, “ Afcenfio,” 120. Aftumption of the Virgin, 120. Coronation of the Virgin, 179, 186, 195, 206, 209, 214, 265, 337. Virgin, coronation of, with the arms of Caftille and Lorraine, 389. The Virgin and Child, glorification of, with the Ruflb-Greek hier- archy, 1 01. Virgin, glorification of (Byzantine), 438. Virgin, emblems of, 328. Virtues, Chriftian, feven, perfonified, 73. ,, the fix cardinal, 252. “ Vita,” carved on crofs of Gunhilda, 152. Vitalis, St., 396. Vitus, St., 57. V^. Warrior or rook chefs piece, 28 6^, 287. Warriors and other claffical and monftrous figures on Byzantine cafkets, 222, 227. ,, clad in armour and fighting on foot and on horfeback, 222^, 223, 227. Water, holy, bifhop bleffing, 134. Water perfonified. See Earth. Wedding cafket, Italian, 249. Weland, the Smith, 234. Alphabetical Index of Subjells. 547 Wenclifh foldier killed by an angel, 162. Widow’s mite, the offering of, 41. Willebrord, St., portable altar of, 472. Windmills, toy, children playing with, 235. Winter, genius of, with a hare, 4. Wifdom of Solomon, 126. Wittekindi Codex, with curious ivory plaques, 440. Wolf of Romulus and Remus, 56, 57. Wolf and ftork, fable of, 294. Wolfgang, St, paftoral ftaff of, 467, 468. Writing tablet (Louvre), 392. z. Zodiac, reprefentation of figns of the, 61, 65, 77, 162, 295, 461. n A LONDON: Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode, Printers to the Queen’s moft Excellent Majefty. For Her Majefty’s.Stationery Office. [412.— 750.— 1/76.]