ais ie ea JF2 lade woe iz ‘ i ‘ ; =. . ~ FY é ey 7 Z J 4 xa" # 1 - ' t ‘ ' 4 s - * ‘ 4 yee 4 Y ’ ne i v hrget VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK COMPILED BY MARY STUART SMITH NEW YORK HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE 1885 Copyright 1884, by PREFACE. It is not the aim of this little book to furnish an elab- orate treatise on cookery, or to supplant any other author- ity on the subject. But persons who desire to excel in this sphere do not like to be tied down to any one par- ticular method, or at least take an interest, and find their advantage, in counselling with their neighbors concern- ing the economy of household management. In the sim- plest and most unpretending manner, two Virginian la- dies would herein lay before their sisters a collection of recipes, such as have been constantly used in the fami- lies of their State for many years back, and tested by the experience of several generations. It was thought doubly expedient to make such a collection of recipes at this time, when, old domestic institutions having been done away with, there is danger that the composition of many an excellent dish may become forgotten lore. Enough will it be for the Virginia Cookery-book to take its place on the house-keeper’s pantry shelf along-side of the simi- lar works of Miss Leslie, Marion Harland, Mrs. Hender- son, and Mrs. Hale, tobe referred to, if not on every occa- sion, at least frequently. All that its compilers promise is to be found trustworthy in the limited field which they have undertaken to occupy. INTRODUCTION. In pursuance of the compiler’s wish that the “ Virginia Cookery-Book” should serve as a memento of the past, as well as a help in the present, she ventures to reproduce the introduction to Mrs. Randolph’s “ Virginia House- wife,” since it was written for that lady by the compil- er’s grandfather, Professor George Tucker, and contains a tribute to the notable character of Virginia matrons of the olden time that she would like to go down to poster- ity. This is done, the rather because there is no author- ized edition of Mrs. Randolph’s excellent work now ex- tant. Although its date of publication was 1831, most of Mr. Tucker’s remarks are as applicable now as when they were written. ‘Two changes in the manners of the times are to be incidentally noticed. At that day, in a family living in good style, the dining-room servant was invari- ably a man; the castors, too, made the central figure on the dinner-table. Yet, be it observed, particular atten- tion to the latter may need to be enjoined only the more earnestly, because in the more retired situation which they now hold on the sideboard, neglect as to their con- dition might not be so promptly brought to light, and yet be only the more mortifying when it did appear. v1 INTRODUCTION. With filial reverence, then, the grandchild would lay before her contemporaries advice that she feels carries far more weight with it than anything which she could hope to say herself on the important subject of ordering the affairs of the household. “ Professor Tucker's Introduction. “Management is an art that may be acquired by every woman of good-sense and tolerable memory. If, unfort- unately, she has been bred in a family where domestic business is the work of chance, she will have many diffi- culties to encounter; but a determined resolution to obtain this valuable knowledge will enable her to surmount all obstacles. She must begin the day with an early break- fast, requiring each person to be in readiness to take their seats when the muffins, buckwheat cakes, etc., are placed on the table. This looks social and comfortable. When the family breakfast by detachments, the table remains a tedious time, the servants are kept from their morning’s meal, and a complete derangement takes place in the whole business of the day. No work can be done until break- fast is finished. The Virginia ladies, who are proverbially good managers, employ themselves, while their servants are eating, in washing the cups, glasses, etc., arranging the cruets, the mustard, salt-sellers, pickle-vases, and all the apparatus for the dinner-table. ‘This occupies but a short time, and the lady has the satisfaction of knowing that they are in much better order than they would be if left to the servants. It also relieves her from the trouble of seeing the dinner-table prepared, which should be done every day with the same scrupulous regard to exact neat- ness and method as if a grand company were expected. When the servant is required to do this daily, he soon gets INTRODUCTION. , vii into the habit of doing it well, and his mistress having made arrangements for him in the morning, there is no fear of bustle and confusion in running after things that may be called for during the hour of dinner. When the kitchen breakfast is over, and the cook has put all things in their proper places, the lady should go in to give her orders. Let all the articles intended for the dinner pass in review before her; have the butter, sugar, flour, meal, lard, given out in proper quantities; the catsup, spice, wine, whatever may be wanted for each dish, measured to the cook. The mistress must tax her own memory with all this; we have no right to expect servants to be more attentive to our interests than we ourselves are; they will never recollect these little articles until they are going to use them; the mistress must then be called out, and thus have the horrible drudgery of keeping house all day, when one hour devoted to it in the morning would release her from trouble until the next day. There is economy as well as comfort in a regular mode of doing business. When the mistress gives out everything there 1s no waste; * but if temptation be thrown in the way of subordinates, not many will have power to resist it; besides, it is an im- moral act to place them in a situation which we pray to be exempt from ourselves. “The prosperity and happiness of a family depend greatly on the order and regularity established in it. The husband who can ask a friend to partake of his dinner in full confidence of finding his wife unruffled by the petty vexations attendant on the neglect of household duties— who can usher his guest into the dining-room assured of seeing that methodical nicety which is the essence of true elegance—will feel pride and exultation in the possession of a companion who gives to his home charms that grati- fy every wish of his soul and render the haunts of dissipa- viii INTRODUCTION. tion hateful to him. The sons bred in such a family will be moral men, of steady habits; and the daughters, if the mother shall have performed the duties of a parent in the superintendence of their education as faithfully as she has done those of a wife, will each be a treasure to her husband; and being formed on the model of an exemplary mother, will use the same means for securing the happiness of her own family which she has seen successfully practised un- der the parental roof.” CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. YEAST.—BREADS MADE WITH YEAST, AND BISCUIT. Yeast.—Hannah’s Yeast.—Exact Way to Make Good Light Bread.— Sponge.—Potato Yeast.—Biscuit.—Thin Biscuit.—Beaten Biscuit. —Bachelor’s Loaf.—Sherwood Biscuit.—French Rolls.— Cream Rolls.—Sally Lunn, Nos. 1 and 2.—Cinnamon Buns.—Hannah’s Rolls.—Hannah’s Muffins.— French Bread.—French Biscuit.— Lightened Biscuits.—Powhatan Loaf.—Powhatan Rolls.—Quick Biscuits.—Soda Biscuit.—Golden Loaf of Albemarle.—Brandon Rolls. —Old Maids.—Brown Bread.—Rusks, Nos. 1 and 2.—Apple CATV lB 2: 0 Pa Page 1 CHAPTER II. CORN BREAD, BREAKFAST CAKES, AND FANCY BREAD OF FIFTY SORTS. Muffins.— Fly-aways, or Souffié Biscuits.—Corn Batter Cakes.— Corn Dodgers.—Ash Cake.—Every-day Batter Bread.—Buttered Federal Loaf, for Tea.—Apoquiniminc Cakes.—Velvet Cakes.— Crumpets.— Cream Batter Pudding.— Buckwheat Cakes, No. 1. —Buckwheat Cakes, No. 2.—Buckwheat Cakes (quickly made).— Mush Batter Cakes.—Economical Batter Cakes.— Cream Cakes. —Lapland Cakes, No. 1.—Lapland Cakes, No. 2.—Rice Cakes.— Chocolate Cakes.—Rice Waffles.—Orange Cakes.—Flannel Cakes, No. 1.—Flannel Cakes, No. 2.—Ingleside Waffles. Germantown Puffs.—Chaney’s Thin Biscuits.—Crackers.—English Muflfins.— Johnnie Cake.—Rice Muffins.—Rice Drop Cakes.—Port Royal Corn Cakes.—Nun’s Puffs.—Corn Muffins.—Corn Muffins (quick- ly made).—Hoe ‘Cake.—Alabama Rice Bread.—Espetanga Corn Bread.—Edgemont Waffles.—Mrs. Walker’s Wafiles.—Rice Waf- fles. — Waffles without Eggs.— Tea Cakes without Eggs.—Vir- ginia Ege Bread.—Hominy Batter Cakes.—Short Cakes.—Best Rice Griddle Cakes.—To Grease a Griddle.—Mrs. Cabell’s Batter x ) CONTENTS. Bread.—Indian Meal Batter Cakes.—Excellent Muffins.—Break- fast Cakes. —A Favorite Muffin. — Pop-overs. — Delicate Crack- GTS acs nol ba taralaWena Seid Div nie te i bases tse een ol Page 18 CHAPTER III. COFFEE, TEA, AND CHOCOLATE. To Boil Coffee, No. 1.—To Boil Coffee, No. 2.—French Coffee.— Vienna Coffee.— Green Tea.— Black Tea.— Latest Fashion for Making Black Tea.— Cold Tea.— Chocolate, No. 1.— Chocolate, No. 2:-—Chocolate, No. 3 ...0. css: is-c.a eps > soa eee 35 CHAPTER IV. EGGS. Soft-boiled Eggs.— Hard - boiled Eggs.— Poached Eggs.— Omelet ‘Plain.—A Very Superior Omelet.—Baked Eggs.—Shirred Eggs.— Deviled Eggs.—Scrambled Eges.—Eges 4 la Créme.—Omelet of au — Beef Omelet.— Potato Omelet.—Ham Omelet.— Stuffed CHAPTER VY. OYSTERS. Oysters Raw.— To Stew Oysters.—To Broil Oysters.—To Roast Oysters.—Scolloped Oysters.—Baked Oysters.—Oyster Patty.— Oyster Fritters.—To Fry Oysters.—To Make Oyster Loaves.— Terrapin Stew.—To Pickle Oysters.—Oyster Soup.—Richmond Way of Pickling Oysters.— Cream Oysters. — Baltimore Oyster Pie.—A Ragout of Oysters... i... 1.7. 2s 4s = hae eg se 49 CHAPTER VI. FISH. To Boil Rockfish.—Sauce for Rockfish.—To Boil a Shad.—To Bake a Shad.—To Fry a Shad.—To Broil a Shad.— Court Bouillon, Louisiana Mode.—To Broil Trout, and Sauce for it.—To Fry Trout.—Fresh Herrings.—To Boil Herrings plain.—Boiled Her- rings, with Mustard Sauce.—To Fry Perch.—To Broil Perch.— Perch, with Caper Sauce.—To Boil Salmon.—To Broil Salmon, with White Sauce.—Salmon Pie.— Lobster Pie.—Turbot a la Créme.—To Dress Bass or Sheep’s-head.—Baked Blackfish.—To Broil Carp.—To Broil Carp au Court Bouillon.—Stewed Lobster. —Baked ‘Base. is. 0o vsica s vacee dee pues oe ure cee een 58 CONTENTS. xi CHAPTER VII. SOUPS. Stock for Soup.—To prepare a Beef’s Head for Soup Stock.—Aspar. agus Soup.—Beef Soup.—Chicken Soup.—Black Mexican Bean Soup. — Force-meat Balls for Bean Soup. — Corn Soup. — Calf’s- head Soup.—Gumbo.—Mock-turtle Soup.—Little Eggs for Turtle or Mock-turtle Soup.—Oyster Soup, No. 1.—Oyster Soup, No. 2. —Ox-tail Soup.—Okra Soup.—Green-pea Soup.—Squirrel Soup. —Tomato Soup.—Good Lenten Soups................. Page 72 CHAPTER VIII. POULTRY AND MEATS, To Roast a Turkey.—Gravy for Roast Turkey.—Deviled Turkey. —To Boil a Turkey, with Oyster Sauce.—To Boil a Turkey, with Egg Sauce.—To Roast a Goose.—The Epicure’s Improvement to Roast Goose.—To Roast a Goose before a Range or in a Stove.— To Roast Grown Pullets.—To Roast Young Chickens.—To Roast Pheasants or Partridges.—To Boil Grown Chickens.—To Roast Ducks. —To Dress Wild Ducks.—Gravy for Wild Ducks or Grouse.—To Roast a Pig Whole.—Souse.—To Roast a Haunch of Venison.—To Roast a “Shoulder of Venison.—A Venison Pasty. maim moast Mutton like Venison ., 2.6.0 .ceces vcs e newt ecese 83 CHAPTER IX. MEATS (Continued). Beefsteak.— Beef Stew.— Mutton Stew.—Curry Powder.— Zitelli’s Macaroni Stew.—To Fricassee Chickens.—Fowl] Cutlets.—Chick- en Pudding.—Stewed Ducks.—Stewed Chicken.—Brown Gravy for Ducks.—To Dress a Calf’s Head.—A Pie of Green Corn and Chickens.—Father Adam.—To Stew a Rump of Beef.—Sanders of Cold Beef.—Italian Beefsteak.—To Stew a Fresh Beef Tongue. —Ragdut of Souse.—Beef Bouillii—A Nice Relish of Meat for Tea.—Venison Stew.—Blanquettes of Veal.—Baked Hash.—Veal Olives the French Way.—Sweetbreads with Oranges.— Sweet- breads 4 la Dauphine.—To Make a Handsome Dish out of an Old Hen.—Brunswick Stew.—Stewed Pizeons.—Rice Pie........ o5- CHAPTER X. CATSUPS AND SAUCES. Cucumber Catsup, No. 1.—Cucumber Catsup, No. 2.—Tomato Sa- voy.—Chelsea Sauce.—Pepper Sauce.—Cranberry Sauce.—Celery xii CONTENTS. Sauce.—Drawn-butter Sauce.—Dutch Sauce.—Fish Sauce.—Lob- ster Sauce.—Sauce for Rockfish.—Sauce for Roasted Wild Duck. —Egg Sauce.— Sauce for Venison.— Green Tomato Catsup.— Cold Tomato Sauce.—Sauce for Lettuce.—Mint Sauce for Lamb. —Apple Sauce for Goose.—Russian Sauce.—Tomato Catsup, Nos. 1,2,and 3.—A Nice Store Sauce.—Tomato Sauce.—Oyster Sauce. —Cucumber Sauce.—Bay Sauce.—Gooseberry Catsup.—Walnut Catsup, No. 1.—Walnut Catsup, No. 2.—Cucumber Catsup.— Worcestershire Sauce ...\) i, .siewsse «eae sub sees oon Page 110 CHAPTER XI. VEGETABLES. Artichoke.—Asparagus.—French, or Snap Beans.—Lima Beans.— Beets. —Carrots.—Cabbage.—Cabbage Pudding, No. 1.—Cabbage Pudding, No. 2.—Cauliflower and Broccoli.—To Boil Corn on the Ear.—To Stew Corn, No. 1.—To Stew Corn, No. 2.—To Fry Corn, —To Bake Corn.—To Cook Dried Corn.—To Cook Cucumbers. — Cymlings, or Summer Squash.— To Bake Egg-plant.—To Fry Egg -plant.— Grits, or Small Hominy.—To Bake Grits.— Fried Grits.—To Boil Hominy.— Macaroni.— Okra.— Onions.— Onions 4 la Créme.-—To Boil Old Potatoes.—To Boil Irish Potatoes.—To Steam Potatoes.—Mashed Potatoes.—Baked Potatoes.—Fried Po- tatoes for Dinner.—Sweet Potatoes.—Irish Potatoes Roasted.— Parsnips.—Green Peas.—Dried Peas or Beans.—To Boil Rice.— A Colored Cook Tells how to Dress Rice.—Baked Rice.—To Fry Salsify.—To Stew Salsify.—To Bake Salsify.—To Stew Spinach. —To Broil Tomatoes.—To Bake Tomatoes.—To Stew Tomatoes. —Forced Tomatoes. —Turnips.—Turnip-tops.—Baked Turnips.— Corn and Tomatoes.—Tomatoes with Eggs................ 120 CHAPTER XII. ENTREES. Croquettes, No. 1.—Croquettes, No. 2.—Rice Croquettes.—A Boned Hen.— Welsh Rarebit, No. 1.—Welsh Rarebit, No. 2.— English Rarebit.— Scotch Rarebit.— Piccadillo.— Ragoéut of Oysters and Mushrooms.—A Ragéut of Mushrooms.—Mushrooms with Cream. —Mushrooms with White Sauce.—Turkey a la Daube.—Chickens 4, la Daube.—Partridges 4 la Daube.—To Make Nice Meat Jelly. —Salmagundi.—A Pig in Jelly.—A Ragout of Ham.—A Ragout of Sweetbreads. —A Ragout of Trufiles. —A Ragdut of Cauli- CONTENTS. xill CHAPTER XIII. SALADS AND VEGETABLES COLD. Chicken Salad.— Lobster Salad.— Cold Slaw, No. 1.—Cold Slaw, No. 2.—Hot Slaw.—Sauce for Salmon or Lobster.—To Dress Lettuce without Oil.— Tomatoes Raw.—Cucumbers Raw.—Dress- ing for Lettuce.—Dressing for Lettuce or other Salad.—Anoth- er Salad Dressing. — Yet another Salad Dressing. — A Winter Salad. — Mayonnaise Salad Dressing. — Cabbage Salad.—Oyster I Fe Sein cele gob Se ERS ve heen sas bea Page 153 CHAPTER XIV. PIES AND PUDDINGS. Puff Paste.—Boiled Pastry.—Pastry (Another Way).—Railway Pud- ding.—Victoria Pudding.—Sago Pudding.— Ground - rice Pud- ding.—Confederate Pudding.—Plum Pudding, No.1.—Plum Pud- ding, No. 2.—Plum Pudding the Second Day.—Baked Plum Pud- ding.—Plum Pudding (Mrs. Cabell).—Cake Pudding.—Sponge- cake Pudding, No. 1. —Sponge- -cake Pudding, No. 2.—Plain Mo- lasses Pudding.—Tyler Pudding. —Sweetmeat Pudding.—Bread Pudding.— Citron Pudding. — Orange Pudding. — Custard Pud- ding.—Cocoa-nut Pudding.—Cream “Pudding.—Green-corn Pud- ding.—Rice Pudding.—To make Rice Pudding.—Arrow-root Pud- ding.—Apple Pudding, No. 1.—Apple Pudding, No, 2.—Norfolk Pudding Puff.—Jelly Pudding.—Rice Pudding without Eggs.— Fruit Pudding. —Molasses Pudding. —Apple Pies without Apples. —Delicate Apple Pudding.—Apple Charlotte.—Friar’s Omelet.— Blackberry Pudding.—Dressing for Sponge-cake Roll.—Orange Custard Pie.—Sponge-cake Roll.—Delmonico Pudding.—French Sauce for Puddings.—Hard Sauce (Mrs. Chevallié).......... 162 CHAPTER XV. SWEET CAKES. Sponge Cake.—Butter Sponge Cake.— Valley Sponge Cake.—Pound Cake.— Naples Biscuit.—Bride’s Cake.— Elegant Black Fruit Cake.—Fine Fruit Cake (More Modern Recipe).—A Cheaper but Good Fruit Cake.— White Fruit Cake.— Jackson Cake. — Lee Cake.— Composition Cake.—Snow-mountain Cake.—Home Gin- gerbread, No. 1.—Home Gingerbread, No. 2.—Lady Cake.—Pres- ton Ginger Cake.—Little Molasses Cake.—Mrs. J. Randolph Page’s xiv CONTENTS. Ginger Cake.—Mrs. Ritchie’s Marmalade Cake.—Ginger Snaps.— Jew’s Cake.— Good Ginger Cake.— Mrs. Garrett’s Ten-minute Cake.—Baker’s or Plebeian Gingerbread.—Never-failing Cake.— Cocoa-nut Cake.—Leavened Fruit Cake.—White Cup Cake.— Angel’s Food.—Republican Cake.—Wafers.—Cream Cake.—Tea Cake, No. 1.—Tea Cake, No. 2.—Indian Meal Pound Cake.—A1- mond Cake.—To Make Shrewsbury Cakes............. Page 181 CHAPTER XVI. ICINGS. Icing for Cake, No. 1.—Icing for Cake, No. 2.—Transparent Icing. —To Make Boiled Icing.—Chocolate Icing.—Red or Pink Color- ing for Icings, Jelly, etc.; Nos, and 2.3.2. ss eases ene 195 CHAPTER XVII. ICE-CREAM AND CUSTARD. Vanilla Ice-cream.—Economical Lemon Ice-cream.—Lemon Sirup. . —Lemon Ice-cream.— Strawberry Ice-cream.— Strawberry Ice- cream in Winter.— Raspberry Ice-cream.— Peach Ice-cream.— Green-apple Cream.— Caramel Cream.— Cocoa-nut Ice-cream.— Chocolate Ice-cream.—Chocolate Custard.—Coffee Cream.—Cof- fee Cream (Another Way).— Pineapple Cream—Orange Ice.—. Lemon Sherbet.—Pineapple Sherbet.—Frozen Tea.—Tutti Frut- ti.— Currant Ice.— Gooseberry -fool.— Frozen Plum Pudding.— Boiled Custard.—Trifle.—Burnt Custard.—Baked Custard.—Ba- nana Ice-Cream.—Banana Cream.—Frozen Peaches......... 198 CHAPTER XVIII. JELLY, CHARLOTTE-RUSSE, ETC. Calf’s Foot Jelly.—Jelly without Eggs or Boiling.—Isinglass Jelly. —Lemonade Jelly.—Orange Jelly. —Fruit in Jelly.—Rock Cream. —Cream Jelly.—Jerusalem Cream.—Farina Jelly.—Blanc-mange, No. 1.— Blanc-mange, No. 2.— Chocolate Blanc-mange, No. 1.— Chocolate Blanc-mange, No. 2.—Jelly without Wine.—Bavarian — Cream.— A Pretty Supper-dish of Jelly—To Make a ‘‘Hen’s Nest.” — Carrageen Moss Blanc-mange.—Chocolate Charlotte- Russe.—Apples with Jelly.—Ellie’s Eclaires,—Flummery.—Char- lotte-Russe.—Almond Blanc-mange............e.eeceeeeees 217 CONTENTS. xv CHAPTER XIX. PRESERVES, ETC. To Preserve Apples.—Apple Jelly.—Blackberry Jam.— Beautiful Jelly Made from Pippin Apples.—Blackberry Preserves.—To Pre- serve Cherries.—Red-currant Jelly.—Fox-grape Jelly.— To Pre- serve Siberian Crab-apples.—To Preserve Cranberries.—Damson Preserves.—Sweetmeats of Citron or Cantaloupe Melons.—Green Gooseberries.—Greengage Plums.—Jelly.—Grape Preserves.—To Preserve Clingstone Peaches.—Peach Jam.—Quince Preserves. — Pear Preserves.— Raspberry Preserves.— Strawberry Preserves. —To Make Jelly out of Strawberry Acid.—Green Tomato Pre- serves.— Sweetmeats.— Pineapple Preserves.—To Preserve Or- anges Whole.—Orange Marmalade.—Quince Marmalade.—Green Sweetmeats.—Fig Preserves.— Quick Way of Preparing Water- melon Rind.—Canned Peaches.—Brandy Peaches...... Page 229 CHAPTER XX. PICKLES. Prepared Vinegar.—Green Pickle, No. 1 (quickly made).—Green Pickle, No. 2 (quickly made).—Isabella’s Cabbage Pickle.—Green Mangoes.—Cabbage Pickle.—Chopped Pickle.—Filling for Five Dozen Peach Mangoes.— Peach Mangoes. — Peach Mangoes (Another Way).— Pepper Mangoes.— Martinoes.— Cut-cucumber Pickle.—Ripe Tomato Pickle.—Green Tomato Pickle, No. 1.— Green Tomato Pickle, No. 2.—Onion Pickle.—Walnut Pickle. —Hiden Salad.—Chow-chow, Nos. 1, 2, and 3.—Pickled Mush- rooms.— Pickled Peppers.— Sweet Pickle. (So-called German.) —To Green Pickles.—To Stuff Forty Large Cucumbers.—Span- ish Pickle.—Watermelon-rind Pickle, No. 1.—Watermelon-rind Pickle, No. 2.—Buck and Breck Pickle.—Sweet-peach Pickle.— Ripe Cantaloupe Pickle. (Eastern Shore.) .........ceessee5 202 CHAPTER XXI. CURED MEATS AND FISH. To Cure-Bacon.—To Cure Jowls and Chines for Early Use.—Sau- sage-meat, Nos. 1, 2, and 3.—To Cure Hams by Pickling.—Souse in Moulds.— Brine for Preserving Souse.— Mock Bologna Sau- sage.—Pudding.—To Corn Beef, Nos. 1, 2, and3.—A Spiced Round of Beef.—To Broil Ham Nicely.— A Stuffed Ham.—To Cure xvi CONTENTS. Tongues. —To Cure Rennet.— Prize Recipe for Curing Vir- ginia Hams. — To Boil a Ham. — Pressed Beef.—Pickled Her- TINGS roa are ee Pk a ee ee ene eo oa Page 268 CHAPTER XXII. CORDIALS AND COOLING DRINKS. Strawberry Acid.—Raspberry Vinegar.—Rose Brandy for Flavor- ing.—To make Lemon Sirup.—Cherry Shrub.—Blackberry Acid. —Blackberry Cordial. (Medicine.)—Currant Shrub ........ 278 CHAPTER XXIII. HOME-MADE WINES. Blackberry Wine, Nos. 1, 2, and 3.—Wine from Catawba Grapes.— Grape Wine.—Currant Wine.—Good Cooking Wine....... + 282 ¢ CHAPTER XXIV. THE DAIRY. To Make Butter.—Brine for Keeping Butter.—To Cure Butter.— Mrs. Colston’s Recipe for Putting up Butter to Keep.—Cottage Cheese. — Bonny - clabber. — Slip. —Curds and Cream, No. 1.— Curds and Cream, No. 2.—Cheese.—Cream-cheese, No. 1.—Cream- cheese, No. 2.—To Make Slip-coat Cheese .................. 286 , CHAPTER XXvV. CANDIES AND CONSERVES. Cocoa-nut Candy.—Cocoa-nut Balls.—Candy in Pudding Fashion. —Newport Candy.—Cream Caramels.—Conserves of Strawberries. | -—Kisses.—Peach Chips or Conserves.—Peach Leather.—Butter Taffy.— Cocoa-nut Cones.— First-rate Molasses Candy.— Choco. late Caramels.—Delightful Cough Candy........ssseeesee0. 294 CHAPTER XXVI. FRITTERS, PANCAKES, ETC. French Fritters. — Bell Fritters. — Rice Fritters. — Puff Fritters, — Apple Fritters. — Spanish Fritters. —Snow-flake Sauce. — Berry- ville Fritters. —Quaking Pudding. — Pancakes. — Scotch Pan. CAKGB, . ous gsc vace ae be 'euce cot enue nilgeetne Alans sitet ieee 800 CONTENTS. XVii CHAPTER XXVII. FOR THE SICK. Beef Essence.—Chicken Essence, or Tea.—Beef Tea, No. 1.—Beef Tea, No. 2.— Chicken Soup. — Panada, No. 1.— Panada, No. 2. —Rusk Panada.—Caudle.—Rice Caudle.—Flour Caudle.—Hard Biscuit for Invalids.—Crisp Biscuits.—Mush.—Gruel.—Arrow- root.—Tapioca Jelly.—Sago.— Rye Mush.— Cremo,— Eggnog.— Mint Julep.—Prunes.—Lemons.—Limes.—Soft Peaches.—Cran- berries.—Apples.—A Plain Rice Pudding.—Rice Milk, No. 1.— Rice Milk, No. 2.—Rice Shapes.—Clover Tea.—Mullein Tea.— Tamarind-water.—Toast and Water.—A pple-water.—Elder-flower Tea.—A Fine Tonic.—Lemon Honey.—Dewberry Sirup.—Boiled Flour for Invalids.—To Cure a Cold.—An Admirable Cough Mixt- ure.—Cherry-bark Tea.—Brown Mixture for Coughs.—Burns.— Blisters.—Basilicon Salve.—Cuts.— W ounds.—Sprains.—Bruises. —For a Rising Breast.—Boils.................. 02 eeeee Page 305 ‘ + 4 - mee - ‘ ra Ps = x ee ES t pes - \ s Pa ~ ; VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. CHAPTER I. YEAST.—-BREADS MADE WITH YEAST, AND BISCUIT. Yeast.—Hannah’s Yeast.—Exact Way to Make Good Light Bread.— Sponge.—Potato Yeast.—Biscuit.—Thin Biscuit.—Beaten Biscuit. —Bachelor’s Loaf.—Sherwood Biscuit.—French Rolls.— Cream Rolls.—Sally Lunn, Nos. 1 and 2.—Cinnamon Buns.—Hannah’s Rolls.—Hannah’s Muffins.— French Bread.—French Biscuit.— Lightened Biscuits.—Powhatan Loaf.—Powhatan Rolls.—Quick Biscuits.—Soda Biscuit.—Golden Loaf of Albemarle.—Brandon Rolls.—Old Maids.—Brown Bread.—Rusks, Nos. 1 and 2.—Apple: Bread.—Salt-rising Bread. YRAST, Bott five or six large Irish potatoes until soft, and mash them fine; to three pints cold water put a half-gill meas- ure of hops, closely pressed; let the water come to a boil, and boil for five minutes, uncovered; strain gradual- ly the tea over the mashed potatoes, and after they are mixed strain through a colander to exclude the potato lumps ; add, while hot, a teacupful of sugar and a table- spoonful of salt, and, when nearly cold, a teacupful of old yeast. This yeast will be ready for use within four hours after being made, and will not quickly sour. In order to have white flaky bread very little lard must be put in the flour—not more to each quart of flour sett a piece the size of a hickory-nut. : S 2 VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. - Hannan’s YEAST. One teacupful of salt, one of sugar (white or fair brown), two cupfuls of flour, two of meal, eight large Trish potatoes, one large handful of hops. Boil the pota- toes, after pealing them raw; strain the hot potato-water into the salt, sugar, flour, and meal; make a quart of strong hop-tea and pour over this; put on the fire and stir until the yeast has thickened sufficiently, which will be in from five to ten minutes; add now a teacupful of old yeast that is still lively and set away, in a jar, to rise. This yeast, if kept in a cool place, will be good as long as there is any of it left. Exact Way Tro Maxr Goop Ligut Brerap. Obeying the following directions for making yeast and sponge, the most inexperienced cook may soon become skilful as a bread-maker : Boil six potatoes ; peel and mash them up smooth, so that not the least lump is left; mix with them a light half-pint of sifted flour ; stir these into a pint of boiling hop-tea; strain through a coarse sieve, and add three table-spoonfuls of sugar and a teaspoonful of salt; when cold pour in a half-pint of old yeast. Use two table-spoonfuls of this Teane for lightening one quart of flour. SPONGE, Two large Irish or white potatoes, three table-spoon- fuls of flour, two table-spoonfuls of sugar; mix smooth with one pint of boiling water; when cold, add six table- spoonfuls of yeast. Make up your bread (in winter) with this sponge at 4 p.m. for an eight o’clock breakfast, using two and a half quarts of flour, two eggs well beaten— [very good bread is made by this recipe without the VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 8B eggs, however|—one table-spoonful of butter and lard, mixed. | Make up the sponge before breakfast, if you want light | bread for tea. It will be covered with froth when well risen. In summer, for breakfast bread, make the sponge after dinner—that is to say, three or four o’clock p.uw.— and work it into your dough with ice-water just before leaving the kitchen for the night. When you leave out the eggs add their bulk in water. Although the above recipe is as precise as can well be, yet in the matter of light bread-making something, after all, must be left to the judgment of the cook, who, to insure success, must watch the changes of temperature as carefully as any maker of almanacs, If the weather is hot, the bread-dough must be set in the coolest place accessible; if the weather is cold, just the opposite treat- ment must be pursued. The dough should be left to rise in a vessel sufficiently large to allow of its swelling to four times its original size, and yet the vessel should be close- ly covered. A cook should always keep a clean, coarse linen towel at hand, wherewith to cover her bread after the lid is lifted, and while it is taking its second rise. Cooks differ as to the length of time bread ought to be worked after the yeast is put in, Some only kneading it enough to make the dough smooth and pliant. But I must say that the dest bread-makers whom I know knead for at least an hour, and with all their might. Even then there is a magic in the touch of certain gifted ones that all cannot hope to acquire, although every willing person can learn to make an excellent article. In the morning, if the dough is properly leavened, it will quiver on one side if touched on the other. Have ready a bread-board, which must be well floured ; flour your hands also before attempting to lift the dough 4 VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. from its bucket or jar; have your tins greased; make | out into loaves or rolls, as you may fancy, working the dough just enough to mould it into the forms desired. Put a little clean lard between each roll, in order that they may easily come apart; and also lightly grease over the tops, that the crust may brown well and be tender. The dough must be set to rise a second time before being put into the oven, which must be well heated, and kept evenly so all the time that the bread is baking. One hour is usually allowed for this second rising, and one hour for the baking. But here, again, it is impossible to set down invariable laws, because fires will not all burn just alike, and bread rises twice as fast on a warm morning as when the air is frosty and biting. | While one cannot exaggerate the particularity required of every woman who would excel as a bread -maker, there is a comfort in reflecting that such stupid people have acquired the art that no one need despair, if she have only a willing mind. The most beautiful bread I ever saw was made by a poor creature only one degree removed from idiocy; she had sense enough, however, to feel how her bread should be treated, and was, moreover, scrupulously neat. An old “aunty” in a Virginia homestead of the olden time made such exquisitely fair rolls, that a visitor asked leave to be permitted to have her recipe. ‘ Aunt _ Phyllis,” the lady said, “I have come to get your recipe ~ for making the lovely rolls you gave us for breakfast.” With a droll and puzzled air the cook answered, “La! missis, I just know I dar’n’t make ’em no different.” The old woman could give no other recipe: she knew what she had to do, and did it. I.am much mistaken if any one can fail who sets about bread-making with care- fulness and a determined purpose to succeed. VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 5 ANOTHER Goop ReEcrrE FoR YEAST. (From Fauquier County.) Boil a handful of dried hops, or a two-inch cube, if you use those put up and pressed for market, in two quarts of water, and add four large potatoes, boiled, mashed, and strained; scald six table-spoonfuls of flour in the liquid, adding one cup of sugar and one cup of salt; when cold, add yeast to ferment it, thinning the liquid to two and a half quarts. This, put in well-corked bottles, will keep six weeks in the warmest weather. Use half a teacupful for each quart loaf of bread. Potato YRAST. After removing the peel, slice eight common - sized white potatoes and put them in a kettle to boil, with five pints of water; add a double-handful of hops, tied up in a thin muslin bag; let all boil together until the potatoes . are thoroughly cooked; then take the potatoes out of the kettle with a perforated ladle, put them into a bowl, and mash them perfectly smooth; then stir into them a tea- cupful of pulverized sugar and a smaller teacupful of salt; then strain over them the hop-tea from the kettle, and you have new yeast; wait until the heat is only tepid, and then add a cupful of already risen yeast to make the new ferment. In twenty-four hours it is fit for use. Do not put any flour into this yeast. The salt is put in, during warm weather, to prevent it from turning sour, and therefore may be omitted in winter. If you pre- fer doing so, make it into cakes with corn meal and dry them in the shade. Biscuits. At present this favorite bread is generally made with the help of Horsford’s, Royal Baking, or Rumford’s yeast 6 VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. powders, particular recipes being given on their several packages; but a few general hints concerning their prep- aration may be useful to inexperienced house - keepers. The cook should be instructed to roll her dough till only half as thick as you wish your biscuits to be when done, if any of the above powders are used, as it will rise a great deal, in spite of being stuck with a fork—a part of the biscuit-making process never to be neglected. Nothing can be more inelegant than a large, thick biscuit. Let the oven be well heated before the cook begins to make up her dough even, for, the quicker the process, the more likely it is to be successful. Biscuits should be baked in about ten minutes, brown and crisp, but not hard. Occasionally a person is found who likes a soft, white biscuit; if so, special directions may be given to that effect, for this may be considered an idiosyncrasy of taste. A biscuit should be cut not more than three inches in diameter, and not more than a third of an inch in thickness. For variety, biscuits may be made out with the hand, instead of being cut with a cutter. Strange as it seems, so small a matter makes a decided change in the look and taste of the article, and it is well worth a house - keeper’s while to study all these little ways of gratifying that love of novelty so inherent with us all, but with the young especially. Tun Biscurr. A popular bread for the tea-table is supplied by merely taking as much biscuit-dough as would suffice for one biscuit, dividing it into two parts, and rolling each part out round, until the circumference is five inches instead of three. Stick with a fork here and there over the sur- face. The cakes will be very thin, of course, and can be cooked in five minutes, the oven being moderately and VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. r steadily heated. Let them brown, but not be the least burnt. Prepare as many as your family require . \ VIRGINIA~COOKERY-BOOK. lui Tomato Savoy. Have the tomatoes peeled and sliced, and boil four pounds of the vegetable in one pint of vinegar and two pounds of sugar. Season with one ounce each of cinna- mon, cloves, and mace. Brown sugar seasons tomatoes better than white. CHELSEA SAUCE. Twenty-four large ripe tomatoes, eight white onions, six pods of red pepper, three pints of good vinegar, eight table-spoonfuls of brown sugar, a teacupful of salt, one table-spoonful of cinnamon, one table-spoonful of allspice, one of nutmeg, and one of cloves. Peel the tomatoes and chop up the onions. Boil all together well, strain, and seal up while hot. Many think this sauce superior to tomato catsup. PEPPER SAUCE. To one peck of green peppers and four firm heads of cabbage chopped fine, and sprinkled with salt, add, after they have been kept a day and the salt is drained from them, a handful of horseradish, shredded and cut into bits, three-quarters of a pound of mustard-seed, six large onions chopped, and a table-spoonful of turmeric (if you prefer a yellow color), with a gallon of vinegar. Boil the spices a few minutes in half the vinegar, and pour it boil- ing hot over the vegetables. After cooling add the rest of the vinegar, cold. Put away in wide-mouthed bottles. CRANBERRY SAUCE. Put the berries, after carefully picking out defective ones, into a kettle with just enough water to prevent burning, and stew until the whole becomes a homogene- ous mass, with no semblance of whole berries, stirring all the time, and then add the clarified sirup previously pre- 112 VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. pared, and stir a few minutes while boiling. The sirup is made by allowing a quart of water to three pounds of sugar. Allow equal weights of fruit and sugar. CELERY SAUCE. Cut a clean bunch of celery into little bits and boil it slowly until it is tender; add half a pint of cream, a few blades of mace, a little nutmeg pulverized, and a heaping teaspoonful of butter rolled in flour ; then boil it gently. This is a good sauce for roasted or boiled fowls, turkeys, or partridges. DRAWN-BUTTER SAUCE. Put for one sauce-boatful a quarter of a pound of nice fresh butter in a stewpan and sect it on some embers un- til it begins to melt; then take it off and stir one way until the whole is melted. . It will be quite thick and white. Dutcu SAUCE. The yolks of two eggs and a gill of rich cream, two and a quarter table-spoonfuls of elder-flower vinegar, one table-spoonful of the best butter, one blade of mace, and flour enough creamed in to render it of the consistency of rich custard, which it should nearly resemble. Fisu Saucer. Put in a nicely cleaned tin saucepan a pint of port- wine, a gill of white-wine, half a pint of walnut catsup, the rind and juice of a lemon, twelve anchovies and their liquor, a gill of walnut pickle, four or eight shallots, Cay- enne pepper to taste, three ounces of scraped horseradish, three blades of mace, and two teaspoonfuls of made mus- tard. Boil gently until the rawness is gone, then put it in small bottles for use. Cork very close and seal. This VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 118 quantity would serve a small family for the whole of one season, and will be found very convenient to have on hand. LopsTER SAUCE. The lobster should be chopped much smaller than ordi- nary, and the sauce should be composed of three parts cream to one of butter, a little salt, and a slight infusion of Cayenne pepper.. The whole of the inside and coral of the lobster should be beaten up with the cream and but- ter, and the meat then cut in. SAUCE FOR ROCKFISH. One pound of butter to be creamed, not oiled, twelve egos boiled hard for several hours, so that they can be reduced to a powder, a teacupful of thin flour-starch made so as to be perfectly smooth—if not, strain, so that it be entirely free from lumps—then stir the butter and starch together. To the yolks of the eggs add three or four salt-spoonfuls of salt, one of Cayenne pepper, two of black pepper, three teaspoonfuls of mustard (mixed), with a wineglassful of walnut catsup. The eggs, pepper, salt, etc., to be well mixed together before putting with the butter and starch. If made any while before the hour comes for it to be served, put the sauce where it will keep warm, but not hot enough for the butter to be allowed to oil. The above quantity is suited for a pair of large rock- fish, sufficient to dine a company of twenty. Sauce FoR Roastep WiLtp Duck. One salt-spoonful of salt, half to three-quarters of a teaspoonful of Cayenne pepper, one dessert-spoonful of lemon juice, one ditto of pounded sugar, one ditto of catsup, two ditto of Harvey’s Sauce, three ditto of port- wine ; to be mixed, heated, and poured over the bird, it 114 VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. having previously been sliced, so that the sauce may mix with its own gravy. The duck must not be too well done, and must be put on the dish without anything. Kaa Sauce. Prepare a quarter of a pound of butter as for plain melted or drawn-butter sauce; boil two eggs for ten min- utes; chop the whites, put with the yolks and chop to- ‘gether, but not very fine, and then stir into the sauce. This sauce is very nice for boiled fowls, more especially in the spring of the year. SaucE FOR VENISON. Claret, water, and vinegar, of each one glass; an onion stuck with cloves, a few anchovies, salt and pepper, of each a salt-spoonful; boil all together, strain, and serve in a sauce-boat. GREEN TomMATO CaTSUP. Put on a kettle of green tomatoes, boil them to pieces, . and strain through a colander; measure them, and to one and a half gallons of tomatoes put one pound of sugar, one pint of vinegar, one table-spoonful of whole black pepper, a double-handful of salt, two chopped ‘onions, one table-spoonful of celery-seed, and a teaspoon- ‘ful of powdered cloves; boil all together until the watery particles disappear and it becomes something like mar- malade; then bottle and seal. Coutp Tomato Sauce. Half a peck of ripe tomatoes, peeled and drained through a colander for twenty-four hours, then chopped up fine; put to them one small teacupful of salt, one full cup of sugar, one cup of white mustard-seed, one cup of nastur- VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. 115 tium-seed, feur table-spoonfuls of horseradish, two dozen stalks of celery chopped up fine, or half an ounce of. cel- ery-seed, two table-spoonfuls of ground black pepper, one quart of good vinegar; it must not be boiled; stir well, and bottle for use. This sauce can be used as soon as made. SAvucE FoR LETTUcE. Boil two eggs hard; mash the yolks with a very little cold water; add one teaspoonful of sugar, one of mustard, ‘not quite one of salt; mix these well with the yolks; add slowly three table-spoonfuls of oil, until it is smooth, and one table-spoonful of vinegar; if too thick, add a table- spoonful of water. Mint SavucE FoR LAmps. Gather a few sprigs of branch mint, pick off the tender young leaves after washing the mint clean; lay them in a plate and chop up fine with a common dinner-knife ; put the mint in the bottom of a sauce-boat, add a full table-spoonful of white sugar, two table-spoonfuls of vin- egar, and half a gill of ice-water. This sauce is indispen- sable for young lamb in the spring months. -APPLE SAUCE FOR GOOSE. Peel, core, and cut up a gallon of pippins or other fresh apples; stew them, with a little water added, grate in a bit of the peel of a lemon and all its juice; sweeten to your taste when the apples are done very tender, mash them up perfectly smooth, and serve. Russian SAUCE. Four table-spoonfuls of finely-grated horseradish, two of made mustard, one teaspoonful of salt, one teaspoonful of sugar, and vinegar enough to cover. 116 VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. Tomato Carsup, No. 1. Boil the tomatoes well, seasoning them to taste with salt ; strain them through a sieve; to every gallon of liquor put one quart of vinegar, two table-spoonfuls of mustard, half an ounce of cloves, half an ounce of mace, half an ounce of red pepper, twelve cloves of garlic, or their equivalent in onion, and half an ounce of ginger; crack up all these spices, put them in a thin muslin bag, and simmer six hours over the fire in a preserving-kettle. Sugar to be put in or left out as you like. : Tomato Cartsup, No. 2. One peck of tomatoes, half a dozen onions chopped fine, two table-spoonfuls of whole black pepper, one table- spoonful of allspice, one table-spoonful of cloves, two of celery-seed, two of ground mustard, four of salt, or more, - if that is not enough to your taste; half a pound of brown sugar. . Measure the spices whole, but pound them all up fine afterward, the tomatoes to be strained clear of skin and seed, and the onions to be chopped as fine as possible. Tomato Catsup, No. 8. One gallon of tomato juice, two pounds of sugar, seven table-spoonfuls of salt, four table-spoonfuls of black pep- per, half a table-spoonful of allspice, three table-spoonfuls of mustard, half a pod of red pepper, and a little horse- radish. Boil well, and just before taking off the fire add one quart of good vinegar. A Nicer Srore SAvce. Take one gallon of ripe tomatoes, wash, and simmer them in three quarts of water; boil it half away, and strain through a sieve; when all is drained add two table-spoon- eo ee Se ee ieee. VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 11? fuls of ginger, one of mace, two of black pepper, two of salt, one of cloves, one of Cayenne pepper ; let these pul- verized spices simmer in the juice until it is reduced to one quart, pour in half a pint of best vinegar, then pour the whole through a hair-sieve. Bottle in half-pint bot- tles, cork tightly, and seal. Keep in a cool place. ToMATO SAUCE. Peel tomatoes and press through a colander. To every gallon of juice add two pounds of sugar, a quarter of a pound of salt, four onions chopped fine, two pods of red pepper, or one table-spoonful of Cayenne, two ounces of ground mustard, and half a teacupful of celery-seed. If you do not like a sweet sauce, omit the sugar or a portion of it. Just as the recipe is given it has been found a good appetizer eaten with beef or other meat in the spring, that most trying of all seasons to a house-keeper. OysTER SAUCE. Put fifty oysters, with a small quantity of their liquor, in a saucepan; stew them very slowly; add four ounces of good butter rolled in flour, four blades of mace broken up, and half a pint of sweet cream; beat up the yolk of one egg, and add for thickening just as the sauce is about to boil ; stir one way until everything is well mixed. Do not begin to prepare this sauce until about twenty min- utes before it is to be served, as it is very apt to curdle if kept a moment too long upon the fire. CucUMBER SAUCE. Chop up fine several cucumbers (the full, ripe yellow ones answer perfectly), sprinkle them well with salt, and let them stand thus for several hours; then with the hand press from them all the salt brine. To every quart of cu- 118 VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. cumbers thus prepared add four ounces of white mustard- seed, four ounces of black mustard-seed, and two pods of red pepper of the ordinary size. If you can procure them, though, use a dozen tiny pods of red pepper, such as can be procured in some city markets. Put in air-tight glass jars, and cover with vinegar; mix well together, and see that the covers are tight, and the sauce is made. Al- though fit for use immediately it will keep a year. Bay Sauce. Take one quart of strong vinegar, add four spoonfuls of mustard-seed (white and black), four of horseradish scraped, two onion bulbs, one pod of red pepper, and a little salt; steep cold, and it will be fit for use in two weeks. Bottle, and substitute it for catsup with fish or stewed meat. GOOSEBERRY CATSUP. Ten pounds of fruit gathered just before ripening, five pounds of sugar, one quart of vinegar, two table-spoon- fuls each of ground black pepper, allspice, cloves, and cinnamon. Boil the fruit in vinegar until reduced to a pulp, then add sugar and the other seasoning. Watnut Cartsup, No. 1. Prepare the walnuts as for pickle, then pound them in a marble mortar or an iron pot, and boil them, with vine- gar, garlic, and spices to your taste. Boil in an iron pot: it makes them black; strain and bottle for use. Put the walnuts away in a jar, covered with vinegar, It furnishes an excellent condiment for stews, fish, etc. Watnout Catsup, No, 2. Made from walnut-shells without cooking. Three gal- lons of. walnut-shell juice, seven pounds of salt, eight te ae ee a ee - a f VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 119 ounces of ginger, eight ounces of shallots, eight ounces of garlic, eight ounces of horseradish, one quart of essence of anchovies, one quart of vinegar, and two pounds of sugar. , CucumMBErR CarTsup. No cooking required. ‘Three large cucumbers peeled and grated, one handful of horseradish scraped and cut into thin little bits, one onion peeled and chopped up fine, one pint of cider vinegar, one teaspoonful of salt, one teaspoonful of black pepper. Six tiny pods of dwarf Cayenne pepper add to the flavor and look pretty. Mix all the ingredients together. Put the catsup in wide- mouthed bottles, cork, seal, and keep in a dry place. W ORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE. Take one gallon ripe tomatoes, wash and simmer them in three quarts of water, boil down, and strain through a sieve. When all is drained add two table-spoonfuls of ginger, two of mace, two of whole black pepper, two of salt, one of cloves, one of Cayenne. Let them simmer in the juice until reduced to one quart; pour in half a pint of best vinegar; pour the whole through a hair- sieve; bottle in half-pint bottles, cork down tightly, seal, and keep in a cool place. 120 VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. CHAPTER XI. VEGETABLES. Artichoke.—Asparagus.—French, or Snap Beans.—Lima Beans.— Beets.—Carrots.—Cabbage.—Cabbage Pudding, No. 1.—Cabbage Pudding, No. 2.—Cauliflower and Broccoli.—To Boil Corn on the Ear.—To Stew Corn, No. 1.—To Stew Corn, No. 2.—To Fry Corn. —To Bake Corn.—To Cook Dried Corn.—To Cook Cucumbers.— Cymlings, or Summer Squash.— To Bake Egg-plant.—To Fry Egg -plant.— Grits, or Small Hominy.—To Bake Grits.— Fried Grits.—To Boil Hominy.— Macaroni.— Okra.— Onions.— Onions a la Créme.-—To Boil Old Potatoes.—To Boil Irish Potatoes.—To Steam Potatoes.—Mashed Potatoes.—Baked Potatoes.—Fried Po- tatoes for Dinner.—Sweet Potatoes.—Irish Potatoes Roasted.— Parsnips.—Green Peas.—Dried Peas or Beans.—To Boil Rice.— A Colored Cook Tells how to Dress Rice.—Baked Rice.—To Fry Salsify.—To Stew Salsify.—To Bake Salsify.—To Stew Spinach. —To Broil Tomatoes.—To Bake Tomatoes.—To Stew ‘Tomatoes. —Forced Tomatoes.—Turnips.—Turnip-tops.—Baked Turnips.— Corn and Tomatoecs—Tomatoes with Eggs, ARTICHOKE. THERE are two kinds of artichoke used as vegetables, The first was frequently seen on the tables of the rich in old Virginia, rarely now. It is a thistle-like plant, and the part brought to table is the cone-shaped head, the bottom, as it is called, being considered a great delicacy. To prepare them for food trim off the outside leaves neatly, and boil in salt-and-water until tender. If young half an hour will be time enough. Serve in a covered dish, with accompaniment of a boat of creamed butter sauce. Special little cups should be set at each cover for the sauce, to which individuals add at pleasure pepper, salt, and vinegar. .Hach person pulls out the choke for himself and dips the edible part into his cup of sauce. VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK., 121 Another way of serving artichokes is to send them to table raw, just as we do radishes. To eat them this way they must be gathered when very young and tender, cut through the bottom into quarters, and the choke removed. Thus they are accounted delicious, having the flavor of a fine nut. The sauce used is usually one of pepper, salt, vinegar, and olive oil. Jerusalem artichoke is an entirely different vegetable. The part eaten is its tuber-like root. Boil them as pota- toes are boiled, being careful to cook them rapidly, and dish without delay, as they are spoiled by standing for any length of time. Pour over them a little butter and cream when sent to table. ASPARAGUS, | In Virginia asparagus is not allowed to show itself more than an inch above ground at farthest. The gar- dener slips his knife underground and cuts the stalk off four or five inches beneath the surface. Thus cut, if the beds are rich and well-tended, the white part is just as tender as the blossom end. Well grown it should be nearly or quite an inch in diameter. Let the cook scrape well, to make sure of leaving no part stringy or tough, and lay the stalks in cold water until about half an hour before dinner; then tie up the asparagus into two bundles for one dishful, put it into boiling water into which you have thrown a dessert- spoonful of salt, and cook until tender. Have ready- toasted several slices of stale bread, dip them into the water in which the asparagus was boiled for one second only, butter well, and lay in the bottom of your vegeta- ble-dish. Cut the string from your bundles of asparagus and remove them just as you dish it, and serve, under cover, ho¢. Put a good table-spoonful of nice fresh butter on the asparagus, in addition to that put upon the toast. 6 122 ; VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. FRENCH, OR SNAP BEANS. Cut off the stalk end first, then turn to the point and strip off the strings. If not quite freshly gathered, have a bowl of salt-water (only a little salt) standing before you, and as you string the beans throw them into it. When all are prepared put them on the fire in boiling water, with some salt init. In fifteen or twenty minutes they will be tender ; then take them out and throw them into a colander to drain quickly. Dish them up with a little butter, salt, and pepper. Butter is thought to keep them looking green. ; Lima BEANS. Shell them, and put them into hot water to boil, after letting them lie a few minutes in cold water; add a little salt to the water, which must only be. enough to cover them well. They should be done in half an hour. Drain and add a teaspoonful of butter to a pint of the beans. If Lima beans are spread out to dry in their shells, gathered green as for summer use, they are most useful in winter both for soup and as a vegetable. ‘They are to be soaked, then, several hours before they are put on to boil, which will require from four to five hours, instead of the few minutes allotted to them in summer. No vege- table is more generally liked. BEktTs. Very early in summer this vegetable is most popular, seldom afterward. It is important to select the earliest, most improved varieties for cookery. The blood-red tur- nip-shaped and Egyptian early are believed to be the best. Observe that neither the top is cut too close nor that the fibres of the root are torn off, unless you would ee as ee aa VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. 123 lose much of the sweetness and brightness of color. For the same reason the cook should not pierce it in any way to ascertain if it is done. Allow from one to two hours for the boiling, according to the size of your beets. When done peel them, and slice up in thin, round pieces, adding a little salt and small bit of butter, also vinegar for most tastes. If beets are left over from one dinner, by covering with vinegar and adding a little sugar, they make a nice dish the second day also. CARROTS Are to be simply boiled in hot water with a little salt added, after having been previously scraped free of skin and blemish of all sorts; split them in half lengthwise, and pour a little melted butter over them when dished. Amid the abundance of vegetables with which our coun- try is blessed carrots are generally despised, but the thrifty housewife will never be without a few of them in winter, for they are invaluable as a condiment in many stews and soups, to say nothing of serving as material for a delicious pudding. CABBAGE. This vegetable, so staple an article of food among out- of-door workers, has fallen into general disuse with the upper classes on account of the disagreeable odor it emits, permeating every corner of an ordinarily constructed house from garret to cellar. The best way to prevent this is to keep the vessel closely covered in which it boils, to drop in a bit of red pepper-pod and a pinch of soda, to allow it just time enough to cook and no more; and, lastly, for the cook to pour off the cabbage-water as soon as she lifts the cover and sends it to table. Wash the 124 VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. head nicely—one large head makes a good dish—and put it on in boiling water, slightly salted, after having cut it into quarters, and allow it forty minutes in which to cook over a brisk fire. Dressed as cauliflower, with drawn- butter sauce, it may be almost as delicate. Most persons, however, preferring it with some sort of salt meat, we give the directions for cooking it in that way thus: Hay- ing your ham, chine, or middling nearly ready for dinner, take out enough of the liquor in which it has been boil- ing to cover the cabbage, which had better be cooked in a separate stewpan, and treat it otherwise just as if it were plain water; drain from the liquor, and having put your joint of meat in the centre of a large meat-dish, put the cabbage all around, and you have before you the daily and favorite dish of nine-tenths of the country peo- ple, not only in Virginia, but throughout the South, with the addition of a plentiful supply of hot corn bread. More elegantly, the cabbage is frequently sent to table, however, separately, in a covered vegetable-dish, where it may be kept hot longer. CaBBAGE Pupprne, No. 1. Take one nice head of cabbage, scoop out the middle; prepare a rich force-meat made out of cold fowl, or fresh beef chopped up fine; season highly with butter, pepper, and salt; chop six hard-boiled eggs fine, with the force- meat ; fill the cavity in the cabbage with this mixture ; place a leaf of the cabbage over the hole to keep the meat in; tie it up in a cloth and boil it, serying up with drawn-butter sauce. CaBBAGE Puppine, No. 2. Boil a firm head of cabbage, chop it fine, and season with butter, pepper, and salt; add any kind of fowl or VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. 125 cold meat that you may happen to have, and, mixing all together with a pint of bread-crumbs, bake in a dish until nicely browned. CAULIFLOWER AND Broccot.t. Choose those heads that are close and of a middle size : trim off the outside leaves, and cut off the stalk flat at ‘the bottom; let them lie an hour in salt-water before boiling; put them into enough hot water to cover them, with a small handful of salt thrown in, and let them boil slowly until done; but take up instantly when this is the case, for a few minutes’ longer boiling will spoil them ; a small one will boil in fifteen, or a large one in twenty, minutes. To Bom Corn on THE Ear. Strip the husks off, and rub off smoothly every particle of silk; to a gallon of boiling water allow a spoonful of salt; drop in as many ears of corn as your family requires, and boil for one hour. Be very careful, in the selection of corn, that it be matured, but at the same time tender ; upon pressing the thumb-nail into the grain, if the milk exudes freely, it may be calculated that it is in the right state for boiling. To Stew Corn, No.4. The best corn for the table has a small cob, and very long, deep-set grains ; notice this in making your selec- tion for seed, or in market With a sharp knife cut the corn off the ear with two cuts, and then lay the cobs in a stewpan, covering them with water, and let them boil for about an hour. This extracts the sweetest part of the corn always lying next the cob; take the cobs out, and then, half an hour before dinner is to be served, put the cut grain into the same water and let it simmer gently a6. VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOE. — until called for; serve hot, with butter; a gill of sweet milk, a teaspoonful of salt, and a little pepper must be put in the stew just long enough to be well incorporated before it is taken off to be dished. If these directions are pre- cisely followed, there is no nicer way of cooking this pe- culiarly popular American vegetable. To Stew Corn, No. 2. Cut off the grains, dividing each one as directed in the previous recipe, and then with a sharp knife scrape out the heart of the corn, leaving the cob quite bare, save of the hull; put about a quart of corn, measured after it is cut off, in a skillet with enough water to cover it, stir it frequently, and in half an hour, when it will be nearly done, add a gill of rich sweet milk, a teaspoonful of salt, and a little pepper, if you choose. If the corn is not sweet, a teaspoonful of sugar will not be found amiss; a beaten egg may also be added, where a rich dish is desired. To Fry Corn. Cut the corn off the cob, and to a pint of it allowa small lump of butter, a beaten egg, and half a pint of sweet milk; add enough flour to enable you to make out the corn into small round cakes. Grease a griddle, and fry them till nicely browned. To BaxE Corn. This dish is so popular, that it is well to make an ample provision of it. Therefore, for a large family, take eigh- teen ears of corn, cut the grain off the cob very fine, and scrape down with a sharp-pointed knife; put it in a baking- dish with three pints of sweet milk, a table-spoonful of butter, a dessert-spoonful of salt, and two well-beaten eggs; mix all well together, butter the dish, and allow VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. _ hee two hours for the baking. Occasionally, if one wishes a richer pudding for some special company, the butter may be increased to a quarter of a pound, and the eggs to four; but the above proportions answer admirably for every- day use. To Coox Drizp Corn. The improvement made in drying corn has been so great within the last year or two that it is really almost as good as the fresh vegetable, if properly prepared. It is better to soak it in lukewarm water all night long be- fore it is wanted for dinner; but if the house-keeper has omitted this, steaming it for two hours will soften it quite well. It may be stewed just like green corn; but to make it into a pudding with milk, eggs, and butter, suits the taste of the majority better. For a half-gallon baking- dish use one pint of corn, one of milk, one egg, a lump of butter the size of a walnut, two teaspoonfuls of white sugar, one teaspoonful of salt, and a slight sprinkling of epper. eis To Cook CucuMBERs. If you wish to fry them pare off the rind, then cut them in slices lengthwise ; dust each side with corn meal or flour, pepper, and salt, and fry them in lard a light brown. If you prefer boiling, cut them lengthwise into quarters, and cook precisely as you do asparagus, serv- ing them up also with butter, cream, and toasted bread. Choose for this purpose medium-sized, full-grown cucum- bers, and you will not be disappointed in having a nice and appetizing dish. CYMLINGS, oR SUMMER SQUASH. In selecting cymlings take none that the thumb-nail cannot easily penetrate, and the white ones are prefera- ble. Cut them into pieces, and boil in just enough water 128 VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. - to cover them for about three-quarters of an hour, or un- til soft enough to mash; strain them through a colander to get rid of the seeds; then return them to a skillet or stewpan; add a large spoonful of cream, a small lump of sweet butter, and a little salt and pepper. Be sure to send them to table hot. Colored cooks need to be warned not to flavor cymlings with bacon-grease, of which they are fond, but which is apt to render this delicious vegeta- ble inedible for more refined palates. To BakE EGG-PLANT. Peel and cut in slices and boil until soft; then mash and bake with crumbs of bread, butter, pepper, and salt, arranged in layers, as you would oysters or tomatoes. To Fry EGG-PLant. Choose them young and fresh (the purple variety is the best) ; pull out the stem and parboil them, to take out the bitter taste ; cut in slices an inch thick, but do not peel; dip them into the yolk of egg, and cover them with grated bread-crumbs dusted with pepper and salt. When dry cover the other side in the same way. Fry them a nice brown. This is a luscious vegetable, and deserves to come into more frequent use, its rarity being probably due to the great difficulty in raising it successfully, on account of its being so peculiarly susceptible to the ravages of bugs. Grits, on Smatt Hominy. Samp is another name for this preparation of shelled and dried corn. To half a pint allow one quart of water, after seeing that the grits are well washed and every dark speck picked out; boil carefully in a stewpan set inside of another one, to prevent burning, if you have not one made with double lining specially for such cooking. The VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. 129 great art in cooking small hominy is to have it of just the right consistency, neither too mushy nor too stiff and dry. A little experience teaches one how to manage it. If the _water has not been sufficiently evaporated, as the dinner- hour draws near move the kettle to one side, and lifting up the lid from time to time to let the steam escape, it will probably be dry enough. If it becomes too stiff add gradually a little more boiling water and stir well. Serve hot, with a seasoning of butter that should be mixed in, not left floating on top. To Bake Grits. A nice variety in your list of winter vegetables is sup- plied by taking as much boiled small hominy as will nearly fill a small baking-dish, adding one beaten egg, a gill of sweet milk, and a table-spoonful of butter, and then baking for a good hour or more. FRIED Grits. When a dish of grits is left over from dinner spread it out on a dish in a layer half an inch thick. The next day, for breakfast or dinner, as you choose, cut it into pieces of convenient size, and fry nicely in lard. With many in the South this is quite a favorite dish. To Bort Hominy. Wash in cold water; then soak twelve hours in tepid soft water; then boil slowly from three to six hours in the same water, more being added from time to time, to prevent burning. Do not salt while cooking, as either that or hard water will harden the corn, as is true also of rice, peas, or beans in their green or dry state. When you have hominy left from dinner it may be saved and fried for breakfast next morning. 6* 130 VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. ~~ MACARONI. Italian macaroni is far superior in quality to what is manufactured either in France or this country, and costs little more, as it swells greatly in cooking. Half a pound will fill a half-gallon dish full. Baking is the best way of preparing it. Throw your macaroni, broken into tol- erably short pieces, in boiling water, allowing it plenty of room to swell, and let it cook for twenty-five minutes; when perfectly tender take it from the water and let it drain through a colander; then put a layer of it in the bottom of a baking-dish; dot it over with bits of butter, adding grated cheese, Cayenne pepper, and salt; put an- _ other layer of macaroni, etc., until the dish is filled; pour in a teacupful of sweet milk; allow a quarter of a pound of butter to the dish; finish by grating cheese over the top; place the dish in the stove, and let it bake for about half an hour, or until nicely browned. Do not let it dry up too much by delay in serving. Although baked mac- aroni is the choice way of cooking, it may not always be convenient to have it done so, when stewing will answer very well. Follow the first part of the directions given above, in case you wish to stew it, only instead of drain- ing pour off the water till nearly dry; then add a gill of sweet milk or cream, flavor with grated cheese, salt, and Cayenne pepper, and serve simply in a covered vegetable- dish. OKRA. This vegetable grows well in Virginia, if not so luxu- riantly as farther South, and yet is rarely used save in soup. It is regarded as indispensable in many families to their daily dish of tomato soup, and for this purpose alone is well worth cultivating. It should be gathered when the pods are so tender as to have no hardness about ae VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 131 them, when they must be sliced thin, and at least a pint allowed to a tureen; it should be put in an hour before dinner-time. We append a recipe for cooking okra as a vegetable, given by Miss M. E. W: , of Selma, Ala.: Put the young and tender pods of long, white okra in salted boiling water, in a porcelain or tin-lined saucepan (as iron discolors it); boil fifteen minutes; take off stems, and serve with butter, pepper, salt, and vinegar, if pre- ferred; or, after boiling, slice in rings, season with but- ter, dip in batter, and fry; season and serve. Or stew an equal quantity of tomatoes and tender-sliced okra with one or two sliced green peppers, in a porcelain kettle, fifteen or twenty minutes; season with butter, pepper, and salt, and serve. ONIONS. In the early spring large bulbs of the white, silver- skinned onions not only make a very pretty dish, but are thought to possess valuable medicinal qualities. Cut off the stem-leaves, not too close, and after washing clean and peeling drop into cold water and boil ten minutes; pour off this water; add fresh cold water, and boil again the same length of time; pour off again, and to the third water add a pint of milk, and boil for an hour. _When ready to dish, thicken a little of the milk-and-water in which the onions have been boiled with a teaspoonful of flour and a small picce of butter; add a little salt, and, if you like it, sprinkle a little black pepper on top. Onions A LA CREME. Boil a dozen fine, white silver-skinned onions in several waters, to take out some of the pungent taste, and then peel them, and dry them off in a cloth until cold enough to handle, and slice them; have ready a good pint of grated bread-crumbs, a quarter of a pound of butter, and 132 VIRGINIA COOKER Y-BOOK. a teacupful of cream, or rich milk, if you have not cream. Distribute all these ingredients in layers of onion and seasoning alternately, with the addition of pepper’ and salt, and you will have a dish much admired, by gentle- men particularly. Finish off with a thick layer of bread- crumbs; pour on the cup of cream lastly, and bake for three-quarters of an hour. To Bort Oxtp PoTATOEs. Peel them and put them into boiling salt-water ; when done they must be taken out and pressed (separately) in a clean strong cloth until entirely free from water. Dress them with melted butter. Or, Put the potatoes in cold water, and when it nearly boils pour it off and put in cold salted water. This makes them mealy without cracking them. To Bor, Irtsu Porarors. The great secret of having nice potatoes is, first, to choose a good mealy variety, and then to cook them ex- peditiously, not leaving them waiting an hour or so in the kitchen, only to become sodden and waxy. Garden- ers of late have shown so much enterprise in introducing — improved varieties that it is hard to give the names of even a few of the best, and so we shall content ourselves with exhorting the house-keeper to be choice in her selec- tion of the very best that her neighborhood affords, if she would display her culinary art to the best advantage. New potatoes need not be peeled, but washed clean, and the soft skin rubbed off with a rough towel, as scrap- ing with a knife discolors them; pour off the first water (which may be cold when you put the potatoes in) after they have boiled ten minutes in it; then cover them well VIRGINIA COOKERY-BOOK. 133 with fresh water, boiling hot, into which you have thrown a table-spoonful of salt ; let them boil half an hour in a covered kettle; then pour off the water, lift the lid of the kettle, and let the potatoes dry a few minutes. They are generally served with nothing but a little melted butter poured over them, but a very nice change is to take a gill of sweet milk and thicken it by rubbing into it mashed potato and a little flour until the sauce is of the consist- ence of very rich cream, then make it boiling-hot and pour over the potatoes after they are dished. Occasion- ally, too, a little chopped parsley may be added to this sauce to make another change. To Stream Porarors Is one of the nicest ways of serving them, and nowadays most kitchens are supplied with the convenience of a reg- ular steamer, with top fitting closely over a hot-water vessel, where not only potatoes but other vegetables may be carried through the steaming process. The time for steaming greatly depends upon the quality of the potato, so that no invariable rule can be given—an hour, I should say, is about the medium time to allow. If the potatoes are large and small put in the larger ones a few minutes in advance, so that they may be done at the same time. Masuep Poratoxrs Are either steamed or boiled,.as suits your convenience. Do not let the potatoes be kept waiting, but put them in a convenient pan or bowl, and mash them up with your potato-masher as smooth as possible; add a lump of but- ter and salt to the taste, with much or little milk or cream, as suits your taste or the condition of your dairy. If beaten up light, with plenty of cream, potatoes are a ereat dainty; but for every-day use they may be much 434 VIRGINIA CUOKERY-BOOK. more economically served, and still be wholesome and palatable. BaxEeD PorTaTOES Are first boiled or steamed, then mashed and seasoned with butter, milk or cream, pepper, and salt, when they are arranged smoothly and evenly in an earthen-ware baking-dish, and kept in the oven until nicely browned. Frizp Potatrors FoR DINNER. Season as much mashed potato as will provide enough for your family, and make up with the yolk of an egg into little flat cakes, and fry on a well-greased griddle until they are of a pretty brown color. Turn them, so that they may be equally done on both sides. SWEET-POTATOES. The finest sweet-potatoes are grown in the tide-water regions of lower Virginia, where the soil is sandy and the winters mild. Almost all families there have a pit dug in some cellar, where sweet-potatoes are kept without difficulty all the winter through; but the most prized variety is too delicate for transportation, and is kept for home consumption. } The usual every-day way of cooking them is to bake them with the skins on, always seeing to it that a print of butter is put on the table to eat with them. An hour is the usual time allotted for their baking. : 5.5.00. « 302 Berets BiCCrs ween di welt cs 301 er’s eeeceerereereereeer eer er ee ee 326 INDEX. PAGE 5 PAGE Ginger Cake, Preston......... 187 | Icing, Pink Coloring for...... 197 Ginger Cake, Mrs. J. R. Page’s. 188} Icing, Transparent........... 196 Ginger Shapes: . a. peek ae 189 | Isinglass Jelly, oy. a2 essen 218 Goose, Epicure’s Improvement E CO MERODE ise wien: ieee ore oe eee 87 Jelly... 3 ee ee 239 Goose, to Roast a.........45. 87 | Jelly, Apple?) 3) aauelectaetenn 230 Gooseberry-fool .........054. 212 | Jelly, Apple, Beautiful........ 230 Griddle, to Grease a......... 33 | Jelly, Calf’s-foot............ elt Grits, or Small Hominy....... 128 | Jelly, Cream) . 45 eee . 221 Grits; to Bakery 2.0 wee en 129.|.delly, Fox-prapesi. oa eae 234 Grits, to Bry Sse eo An 129 | Jelly, Lemonade........ eonae ale Cratiel soi, csc olge eslatis oaks arate 310 | Jelly, Orange ...s.ccscdecewe SLO Jélly, Tapidca.. 2... aceee eee 310 Ham, 9. Stufled. 0,22 <4 ones» 274 | Jelly without Eggs or Boil- Yiam, Prize Recipe for Cur- ING. 2... sb eee 218 ie ei erans ey Se ee eee 276 | Jelly without Wine.......... 228 Ham-to Boll: aan een eae 276 | Jerusalem Cream......... Pere A E Ham, to Broil Nicely a....... 274 | Johnnie Cake 2.2... esc ccls 28 Ham, to Cure by Pickling..... 271 Hash, Dakode: $3. go onset ale 105 | Kisses...... o> solsiatunaoee eee 296 Wen,a Boned a. see we a tenes 144 Hen’s Nest, to Make a........ 224 | Lapland Cakes, Nos.land2... 24 Herrings Boiled, with Mustard Lemon Honey cea. sates Bee A SOUCEs oc ss ao sie eee ee a eae 65 | Lemons... .sceiaeeeee Latins pmeeiie Herrings, to Boil Plain....... 64 | Limes”: ).°, <3. cyte een . 313 Herrings, to Dress Fresh...... 64 | Loaf, Bachelor’s...........-: 8 Herrings, to Pickle.......... 277 Loaf, Federal, .2 254s aie om onan Hoe -Uake.... 2 2.) ence eanrea on 30 | Loaf, Golden, of Albemarle. . 14 Hominy Batter Cakes........ 32 | Loaf, Powhatan ote tataea AG 12 Hominy, to Boil..... 129 Lobster Pie... sane ae 68 Lobstér Sauces... 2iacmue wee Ice-cream, Apple........0+2. 206 | Lobster, Stewed ........... sis. y UE Ice-cream, Banana........... 215 Ice-cream, Caramel .......... 206 | Macaroni... Gene. alas ..- 180 Ice-cream, Chocolate ......... 208 | Marmalade, Orange .......... 247 Ice-cream, Cocoa-nut......... 207 | Marmalade, Quince .......... 247 Ice-cream, Coffee, Nos. 1 and Meat Jelly, to Make Nice ..... 149 DE Meetatietn Dead stems agrees aes 209 | Meat Puddings. ae. wee 272 Ice-cream, Economical........ 201 | Mint Julep....... eric +a) O12 Ice-cream, General Directions Molasses Candy ......eee0. «+ 298 for Making: Voce aece 198-200 | Molasses Candy, Newport..... 295 Icing, Boiled. Veiia e.g eeees 196.) Muffins"... Sa. camer ».0 «osha ene Icing, Chocolate............. 197 | Muffins, English........... ineee Icing for Cake, Nos, 1 and 2... 195 Muffins, Hannah’s........... 11 INDEX. PAGE PIGS RCO. eS ee. oes aa 28 ue cier Pe Cie Sate as ote Oke 3809 PPE RVC sinc secs ce ie eee ee 311 Mushrooms with Cream...... ee Mushrooms with White Sauce.. 147 Mutton, to Roast, like Venison. 94 MMH k cscs ace eeee 26 0S oe eee 130 Old Hen Made into a Nice Dish. 107 PENNS Saint os ee ce a e's oe 15 Omelette, Friar’s ............ 178 Omelette, Very Superior...... 46 Omelette with Beef .......... 48 Omelette with Ham.......... 48 Omelette with Potato ........ 48 OS a ar ra 131 Onions & la Créme........... 131 CMO POG yr ePowtsiarn <'e'e «.0'e a's 9 4 310 LS a 6 or 51 Oyster Loaves. 2.5... 0208s 52 RPPOROTIEGILY cc. ote ces ese 51 Oyster Pie, Baltimore......... 56 RPS OTIOUD is 5 ain cea secs wet 54 Oyrers Cream. oe ee ches 55 Oysters, to Bake. ....0 cece cc's 51 Oyerere, to Broile se... ees ees 50 Oysters, to Fry. ..oos0 bees ees 52 Oysters, to Pickle. ........... 54 Oysters, to Pickle (Richmond RDA ritate ako’ se = oe oe + a's 55 Oysters, Ragoit of........... 56 Oysters, Raw ........ sheen ee 49 Oysters, Roasted .........00. 50 Oysters, Scolloped ........... 50 Oysters, Stewed ...........6. 49 BMA ING, Visa ois ks we use v0 307 PAM ENO: Seis so yiesca as css 308 PPOMCMRUS. cians ogee ste «clas 303 Pancakes, Scotch..... Bix Paes 308 MBESHIPS sas asso ss o's 0 Parties 135 Partridges 4 la Daube........ 148 327 PAGE Partridges or Pheasants, to TROASER Moiete gk cates os a oa'e'e . 88 PLC LG a Socal sc css usa a ase obs 162 Pastry (Another Way)........ 164 Pastry, BOUed ./.0.0 cc's 5 ai0.c's os 164 Pens; Green in. ess ek ee es 135 Peas or Dried Beans......... 136 PeaCD CHIDS Fins watslees's 06% 0 296 Peach: Leather’ <3 v2. a.'s0a= e- 297 Peaches, Brandy... ccs is es 250 Peaches, Frozen ...........0. 216 Peaches, SOLE) ee oe. wate co otis ee 313 Peaches, to Can ........0082% 249 Peaches, to Preserve ........:. 240 Pears, to Preserve ..........: 243 Perlis CcDIOl < oars elds c se ee 66 PRECIO LOL BEY. oe cals sine os © ons 65 Perch with Caper Sauce....... 66 PPICCAMLLO ae intel steels 2 < afewnre oe 146 Pickle, Buck and Breck....... 266 Pickle; Capnage...ccc.cc ca sm ce « 255 Pickle, Cabbage, Chopped..... 256 Pickle, Cantaloupe, Ripe...... 267 Pickle, Chow-Chow, No.1..... 261 Pickle, Chow-Chow,Nos. 2 and 3. 262 Pickle, Cut-cucumber......... 258 Pickle, German, or Sweet...... 264 Fickle, Green, No. 1. 3.23.26 253 Pickle, Green, No. 2......... . 254 Pickle, Green Mangoes.,...... 255 Pickle, Green Tomato, Nos. 1 BEG Berane so § Sosa & siecolare « 259 Pickle, How to Stuff Forty Cu- G@UIDDOTS sy aaislerels aise were tetee 264 Pickle, Martinoes.........6-. 258 Pickle, Mushrooms........... 263 Piekiey O1On cf. 502 os sels sare 260 Pickle, Peach Mangoes, No,1.. 256 Pickle, Peach Mangoes, No. 2.. 257 Pickle bOpper 2 eas. od cae es 263 Pickle, Pepper Mangoes ...... 257 Pickle, Ripe Tomato......... 259 Pickle, Spanish cy « (eis: aheciatakcts x wd eke ee eae) yore esa Se COE vy Wek ae * een C7. 73 3 < A 7 . * b? 3 KA ute Py Rhee PD RON at RR A OE Ee AE 8 S064 Co eet Oe RK 4 eee eA AS " Re ke ee Se PaPetry scva tie eh aie OOOO OLR f AAS 4, § i, AA Tew! 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