THE 
 
 MEDICAL PROFESSION 
 
 IN 
 
 ALL COUNTRIES 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 Photographic Portraits from Life 
 
 BY 
 
 BARRAUD & JERRARD. 
 
 VoL. III.—1875. 
 
 Sir DOMINIC CORRIGAN, Bart., 
 M.D., &c. 
 
 R. OWEN, C.B., F.R.C.S., &c. 
 
 J. MARSHALL, F. R.C.S., F.R.S., &c. 
 
 Sir JAMES ALDERSON, F.R.C.P., 
 
 F.R.S., &c. 
 
 Dr. E. SYMES THOMPSON, M.D., 
 &c. 
 
 G. ROLLESTON (Oxon.), M.B., 
 F.R.S., &c. 
 
 J. BARNARD DAVIS, M.D.,F.R.S., 
 &c. . 
 
 Dr. geo. PAGET (Cam.), F.R.S., 
 D.C.L., &c. 
 
 H. LETHEBY, M.B., Ph.D., &c. 
 
 R. BENTLEY, M.R.C.S. 
 
 B. W. RICHARDSON, M.D.,F.R.S., 
 &c. 
 
 Dr. W. O. priestly, F.R.C.P. 
 Dr. W. FARR, F.R. S., &c., &c. 
 
 Dr. j. CLELAND, F.R.S., &c. 
 
 Dr. W. RUTHERFORD (Edin.), 
 M.R.C.S., &:c. 
 
 F. J, GANT, F.R.C.S., &c. 
 
 Dr. tilbury FOX, F.R.C.P., &c. 
 HENRY POWER, M.B., &c. 
 
 J. CROFT, F.R.C.S. 
 
 Dr. ANDREW WYNTER, M.R.C.P. 
 
 G. SOUTHAM, F.R.C.S. 
 
 G. J. ALLMAN, LL.D.,M.D., &c., &c. 
 (Late) Dr. G. ROSS. 
 
 (Late) Dr. J. E. GRAY, F.R.S. 
 
 Sonlion : 
 
 MESSRS. J. & A. CHURCHILL, ii, New Burlington Street. 
 MESSRS. BARRAUD & JERRARD, 96, Gloucester Place. 
 
 Edinburgh : MESSRS. MACLACHLAN & CO., South BridCxE. 
 Dublin : MESSRS. FANNIN & CO., 41, Grafton Street. 
 
SIR DOMINIC JOHN CORRIGAN, Bart,, F.I^.S., &c. 
 
 Born in Dublin December ist, 1802. Educated at the Lay College, 
 Maynooth, and graduated M.D. at Edinburgh in 1825, having the same 
 degree conferred on him by the University of Dublin, 1849, Commenced 
 lecturing in Dublin on the practice of medicine in the Carmichael School, 
 1833, until increasing practice compelled him to resign it, and he was 
 appointed Physician to the House of Industry Hospital, 1840. Sir Dominic 
 Corrigan, who has been a Member of the Senate of the Queen’s University in 
 Ireland, since its foundation in 1841, was elected five years consecutively 
 President of the King and Queen’s College of Physicians in Ireland, and was 
 created a baronet February 5th, 1866; was elected M.P. for the City of 
 Dublin, in the Liberal interest August i8th, 1870, and continued to represent 
 that constituency until 1874. In June, 1871, he was chosen Vice-Chancellor 
 of the Queen’s University, in the room of the late Sir Maziere Brady ; in 
 1874, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Medicine, France. Sir 
 Dominic has contributed several papers to medical literature, and published 
 
 
 lectures. 
 

RICHARD OlEH, C,B„ F,R,S„ to, 
 
 Born at Lancaster, 1804. Matriculated at Edinburgh, 1824. Became a 
 Member of Royal College of Surgeons, London, 1826, and appointed 
 Hunterian Professor and Conservator of the Museum of the College in 1835. 
 Professor Owen has been a great public benefactor by his active services as 
 a member of the Commission of Inquiry into the Health of Towns, as well 
 as the Metropolis. He took part in the organisation of the Great Exhibition 
 of 1851, and has filled many learned chairs, as president, of various scientific 
 societies ; was created a Companion of the Bath in 1873. Amongst other 
 works, he has written, “ Memoir on Pearly Nautilus,” 1840; “Lectures on 
 Comparative Anatomy of Invertebrate Animals,” 1843; “ Lectures on 
 Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrate Animals,’ and “ History of British 
 Fossils, Mammals and Birds,” 1846; “Archetype of the Vertebrate 
 Skeleton”; “The Nature of Limbs,” and “On Parthenogenesis,” 1849; 
 “On the Gorilla,” 1865. Professor Owen has also contributed numerous 
 papers to the transactions of the Royal, Linnaean, Geological, Zoological, 
 Medico-Chirurgical, and many other learned societies. 
 

MR, JOHN MARSHALL 
 
 Was born at Ely in Cambridgeshire, his father being a leading solicitor in 
 that city. He was educated at Hingham, Norfolk, and entered the medical 
 profession at Wisbeach. Mr. Marshall received his subsequent training at 
 University College and Hospital, London, in which institutions he has held 
 successively the offices of Curator of the Anatomical Museum, Demonstrator 
 of Anatomy, Assistant Surgeon, and Teacher of Bandaging and of Operative 
 Surgery ; and he is, at the present time. Professor of Surgery io the College, 
 and Surgeon and Professor of Clinical Surgery in the Hospital. For 
 nearly twenty years Mr. Marshall was Lecturer on Anatomy to the Art 
 School of the Government Department of Science and Art, and he at 
 present holds the unique appointment of Professor of Anatomy in the Royal 
 Academy of Arts. Mr. Marshall has just finished his term of five years at 
 Examiner in Surgery in the University of London, and he is now a 
 Member of the Court of Examiners of the Royal College of Surgeons 
 of England, in which corporate body he is likewise a Member of Council. 
 He is along-standing Fellow of the Royal Society, a Fellow and one of 
 the Vice-Presidents of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society, and a 
 Fellow of the Pathological Society. 
 
 r 
 
Mr. Marshall’s principal contributions to scientific and medical or 
 surgical literature are, “ The Human Body : its Structure and Functions 
 “ Outlines of Physiology ” ; “ Physiolgical Diagrams for Schools ” ; 
 “Anatomical Diagrams for Art Students’’; two papers in the Philosophical 
 Transactions, containing an account of original researches, one “ On the 
 Anatomy and Development of the Great Veins at the Root of the Neck,’, 
 and another, “ On the Brain of a Bushwoman and on the Brains of two 
 Idiots of European descent’’; a paper, in the Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, 
 “On the Employment of the Heat of Electricity in Practical Surgery,”- 
 which he first, and quite independently, used in this country. Further contri¬ 
 butions by him are to be found in “ The Proceedings of the Royal Society,” 
 “ On the Weight of the Brain and its Parts,’’ a subject which he purposes to 
 develope. He has also contributed papers to various medical journals, of 
 which communications we will mention only one, relating to the use, sug¬ 
 gested by him, of the oleatos of Mercury and Morphia in the treatment of 
 inflammation. 
 
SIR JAMES ALDERSON, M.D„ D.C.L,, F.R,S. 
 
 {Physician Extraordinary to Her Majesty). 
 
 Born at Hull, being the son of Dr. John Alderson, and received his 
 education at Cambridge, where he proceeded B.A., in 1822, as Sixth 
 Wrangler, and was afterwards elected a Fellow of Pembroke College. He 
 took the degree of M.D. at Oxford in 1829, and, settling as a Physician in 
 Hull, soon acquired an extensive pfactice. In 1845 he removed to London. 
 He was elected President of the Royal College of Physicians in 1867, and 
 re-elected in the following three years, having previously filled most of the 
 important offices of the College. On the nth of November, 1869, he 
 received the honour of knighthood, and in 1870 the University of Oxford 
 conferred upon him the honorary degree of D.C.L. Sir James is the 
 author of “ Practical Observations on some of the Diseases of the Stomach 
 and Alimentary Canal,” 1847, “The Lumleian Lectures” for 1843-4, and 
 other works. 
 
EDMUND SYMES THOMPSON, M,D., F.R.C,P, 
 
 Third son of the late Theophilus Thompson, M.D., F.R.S., Physician to 
 the Hospital for Consumption, Brompton. Author of “Annals of Influenza,” 
 “ Clinical Lectures on Pulmonary Consumption,” &c. 
 
 Born November i6th, 1837. Educated at St. Paul’s School and at King’s 
 College, where he obtained numerous Prizes, Medals, and Certificates of 
 Honour in all the subjects of Medical study. Entered at King’s College 
 Hospital in 1856, where, after serving as Clinical Clerk under Todd and 
 Budd, and Dresser under Bowman and H. Lee, he was appointed House 
 Physician, and in i86Qwas elected on the Staff as Assistant Physician, a 
 post which he resigned in 1865. 
 
 At the M.B. Examination at the University of London in 1859, he took 
 honours (3rd) in Surgery, (3rd) in Obstetrics, (3rd) in Physiology and in 
 Botany, and obtained the Scholarship and Gold Medal (ist) in Medicine. 
 He graduated M.D. Lond. in i860, and for several years was a Member of 
 the Committee of Convocation of the University. 
 
 In 1864 he was elected Assistant Physician, and in 1871 Physician to 
 the Hospital for Consumption, Brompton, where he is now (1875) second on 
 the Staff. In 1867 he was elected Professor of Physic in Gresham College 
 (founded A.D. 1574), at which courses of Lectures are delivered each term 
 in Law, Physic, Divinity, &c. 
 
 Physician to the Artists’ Benevolent and to the Artists’ Annuity Fund 
 in i860. Physician to the Home for Consumptive Females, to the Christian 
 
r 
 
 Union Almshouse, to the Scripture Readers’ Association, to the Infant 
 Orphan Asylum at Wanstead, to the National Sanatorium at Bournemouth, 
 and to the West of England Insurance Office. 
 
 Fellow and (for 4 years) Secretary of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical 
 Society. Fellow and (for 3 years) Secretary, Medallist, and Vice-President 
 of the Medical Society of London. Fellow of the Clinical and Harveian 
 Societies. 
 
 Became M.R.C.P. (by Examination) in 1862, and F.R.C.P. in 1868. 
 
 Editor of the 2nd addition (with editional chapters) of “ Lectures on 
 Pulmonary Consumption.” 
 
 Author of Essays on the influence of Cod Liver Oil on the Pulse, on 
 Sciatica, on Mediastinal Tumours, on Indigestion in Early Phthisis, on Milk 
 Diet, on Progressive Muscular Atrophy, on the Elevated Health Resorts of 
 the Southern Hemisphere. Joint Editor of Medical Report of Hospital for 
 Consumption, and of the Report to the Clinical Society on the Influence of 
 Quinine in Fever. 
 
 Author of Gresham Lectures on the Prevention of Disease, on the in¬ 
 fluence of Occupation on the Health, &c., &c., and of various contributions 
 to the Medical Journals. 
 
 Married, in 1872, the younger daughter of Rev. H. G. “Watkins, M.A., 
 Vicar of Potters’ Bar. 
 
GEORGE ROLLESTON, M.D„ F.R.S, 
 
 Was born July 31st, 1829, at Maltby, Yorkshire. He was educated at 
 Gainsborough Grammar School, Sheffield Collegiate School, and Pembroke 
 College, Oxford, being elected a Fellow of that Society in 1851. After 
 studying medicine at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, he became 
 Assistant Physician, British Civil Hospital, Smyrna, in the Crimean war, 
 1855-56; Assistant Physician to the Children’s Hospital, London, in 1857; 
 Lee’s Reader in Anatomy at Christ Church, Oxford, in 1857 ; Linacre 
 Professor of Anatomy and Physiology, Oxford, in i860; Fellow of the 
 Royal Society in 1862 ; and a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, in 1872. 
 Dr. Rolleston is the author of “Report on Smyrna,” 1856; “Forms of 
 Animal Life, 1870 ; The Harveian Oration,” 1873 ! s^rid of Memoirs in 
 the Transactions of the Royal, the Lmna^an, and the Zoological Societies, in 
 the “ Archieologia,” and elsewhere. 
 

JOSEPH BARNARD DAVIS, M.D., F.[[,S., F.S.jl, 
 
 Was born at Yoik, June 13th, 1801, and educated at a private school in 
 that city. He adopted the Medical profession, and was subsequently 
 appointed Medical Officer of the parish of Stoke-upon-Trent. Dr. Barnard 
 Davis became a F.S.A. in February, 1853; a F.R.S. in 1868; a Foreign 
 Member of the Dutch Society of Sciences in May, 1871 ; and he is, besides, 
 a Corresponding Member of other learned Societies of Holland, France, 
 Spain, Italy, Austria, Germany, Russia, and America. He is the author of 
 “A Manual of Health,” 1836; “Crania Britannica,” in 1865; “Thesaurus 
 Craniorum,” 1867; “Supplement to ditto,” 1875; and of memoirs in the 
 transactions of different learned Societies. 
 

GEORGE EDWARD PAGET. 
 
 Born at Yarmouth, 1809, educated at Charterhouse and University of 
 Cambridge ; took B.A. degree in Mathematical honours in 1831, was elected 
 Fellow of Gonville and Caius College in 1832, became Physician to 
 Addenbrooke’s Hospital in Cambridge in 1839, was appointed Regius 
 Professor of Physic in the University in 1872. Was President of the 
 General Medical Council from 1869 to 1874. Is F.R.C.P., and in 1866 
 delivered the Harveian Oration. Is also F.R.S., Hon. M.D. Dublin, 
 D.C.L. Oxford and Durham, LL.D. Edinburgh. 
 
■HENRY LETHEBY, M,B„ 
 
 Was born in i8i6, became Bachelor of Medicine in 1843, Ph.D. and M.A. 
 in 1858; is well known as the late Medical Officer of Health and Public 
 Analyst for the City of London, in which capacity he has reported from 
 time to time on most of the leading Sanitary questions of the day, as, on 
 the Water Supply of Towns, the Disposal of Sewage, the Chemical Com¬ 
 position and Properties of Sewer Gases, the Regulation of Public Markets, 
 the Management of Noxious and Offensive Trades, the Right Use of 
 Disinfectants, &c. Is Professor of Chemistry in the Medical College of 
 the London Hospital, and was among the first who taught Practical 
 Chemistry in the Medical Schools of this Metropolis. Was formerly 
 Lecturer on Toxicology at the London Hospital; and is the author of 
 numerous papers on Forensic Medicine, on Practical Toxicology, and on the 
 Mode of Conducting Post-mortem Examinations in Cases of Suspected 
 Murder. Was Cantor Lecturer at the Society of Arts in 1868, when the 
 subject selected by the Council was, “ Food and its Culinary Treatment.” 
 The lectures have had a wide circulation, and have been published in 
 England, France, Germany and America. Is the Chief Gas Examiner 
 appointed by the Board of Trade, and is the author of a work on the 
 Chemistry of Artificial Light, and of a series of lectures on the Production, 
 Purification and Utilisation of Coal Gas and its Waste Products. Is a 
 Fellow of many learned societies, including the Chemical, Statistical, 
 Epidemiological, and the Society of Medical Officers of Health, of which he 
 was lately the President. 
 
 
o 
 
ROBERT BENTLEY, F.L.S,,’ k 
 
 Professor Bentley was born at Hitchin, Herts, in 1825, and became a 
 Member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1847. He is Dean of the 
 Medical Faculty, Honorary Fellow of, and Professor of Botany in, King’s 
 College, London ; Honorary Member of, and Professor of Materia Medica 
 and Botany to the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain ; Honorary 
 
 I Member of the American Pharmaceutical Association; Professor of Botany 
 in the London Institution ; Examiner in Botany to the Royal College of 
 Veterinary Surgeons ; Member of the Council, and Chairman of the Garden 
 Committee of the Royal Botanic Society of London ; and was formerly 
 Lecturer on Botany at the Medical Colleges of the London, Middlesex, 
 and St. Mary’s Hospitals. Professor Bentley was President of the British 
 Pharmaceutical Conference, 1866 and 1867; and has contributed numerous 
 papers to the Pharmaceutical Journal (of which for ten years he was an 
 Editor). Professor Bentley is also the author of a Manual of Botany, which 
 has reached the third edition ; has jointly edited, with Drs. Farre and 
 Redwood, two editions of Pereira’s Materia Medica and Therapeutics ; is 
 the author of an elementary work on Botany, in the series of Manual 
 of Elementary Science, published by the Society for Promoting Christian 
 I Knowledge ; and is now engaged with Dr. Trimen, of the British Museum, 
 in bringing out an illustrated work on Medicinal Plants. 
 
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BENJ/MIN WARD RICHARDSON, M.D., F.R.S, 
 
 Dr. Richardson was born at Somerby, in the county of Leicester, 
 on October the 31st, 1828. He was educated at the School of the 
 Rev. W. Y. Nutt, of Burrow-on-the-Hill. He entered as a Student at 
 Anderson’s University, Glasgow, in 1845, and took the Diploma of the 
 Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons in 1850. From 1850 to 1854 he 
 practiced at Mortlake, and brought out several essays on the subject of 
 fibrinous separation of the blood during life, on anaesthesia, and on the effect 
 of position of the body on the circulation of the blood through the heart. 
 In 1854 he gained the Fothergilian Gold Medal of the Medical Society of 
 London for an essay on the diseases of the foetus in utero ; in the same 
 year he graduated in Medicine at the University of St. Andrew’s, and estab¬ 
 lished himself in practice in London. In 1855 he originated the first sanitary 
 English journal, the Journal of Public Health and Sanitary Review, which 
 he edited for several years. In 1856 he gained the Astley Cooper prize of 
 three hundred guineas for an essay on the coagulation of the blood, and 
 became a Member of the Royal College of Physicians. 
 
 Since the period named (1856) Dr. Richardson has contributed, inter alia, 
 to medical and general science, researches and essays on the fibrinous con¬ 
 stituents of the blood; ansesthetics, including introduction of methylene 
 bichloride, methylal, and ether spray ; original enquiries on nitrite of amyl. 
 
with its introduction into medicine ; reports on other bodies of the methyl 
 and ethyl series ; restoration of life after some forms of apparent death ; 
 muscular irritability after systemic death; the glandular theory of epidemic 
 contagious diseases ; intermittent pulse and palpitation ; cardiac apnoea; 
 lectures on experimental and practical medicine ; the medical history of 
 England ; medical biographies ; Hygeia, a city of health ; Cantor lectures on 
 alcohol ; the vitality of the Jewish Race ; and Diseases of modern life. 
 
 Of honorary distinctions, beyond those mentioned above, Dr. Richardson 
 holds the following. M.A., St. Andrew’s : Fellow of the Society of Scientific 
 Medicine of Berlin: Pathological Society, of Montreal: Philosophical 
 Society of St. Andrew’s : Philosophical Society of America : Imperial 
 Leopold-Carolina Academy of Dresden : Physiological and Medical 
 Academy of Milan : Odontological Society of London; Odontological 
 Society of Pennsylvania : Gynecological Society of Philadelphia : Neuro¬ 
 logical Society of New York ; Epidemiological Society of London ; and 
 Royal Historical Society of London. He is a Fellow of the Royal College 
 of Physicians (1865) : Fellow of the Royal Society (1867), and Croonian 
 Lecturer (1873) : and Fellow of the Chemical Society (1874). He has been 
 President and Lettsominian Lecturer of the Medical Society of London, 
 and four times President of the St. Andrew’s Graduates’ Association, of 
 which he was the founder. 
 
 Dr. Richardson is at present Honorary Physician to the Royal Literary 
 Fund, to the Newspaper Press Fund, and to the Society of National School¬ 
 masters. He is President of the Medical Defence Association, President 
 of the Council of the St. Andrew’s Graduates’ Association, and Assessor of 
 the General Council of the University of St. Andrew’s, to which last-named 
 office he has been twice elected. 
 

WILLIAM OVE[[END PRIESTLEY, M.D, 
 
 Born near Leeds, Yorkshire, June 24th, 1827. Son of Joseph Priestley, 
 Esq., grand-nephew of the celebrated Chemist, Joseph Priestley, LL.D. 
 Educated at University of Edinburgh, and took degree M.D. in 1853. 
 Besides other academic distinctions, he was Senate Gold Medallist at his 
 graduation, this being the highest honour of the University, and awarded only 
 for original researches. Settling in London as a Physician in 1856, he 
 became one of the lecturers at the Grosvenor Place School of Medicine. 
 Somewhat later, he was appointed Lecturer on Midwifery at Middlesex 
 Hospital ; and in 1862 Professor of Obstetric Medicine in King’s College, 
 London, which office he held until 1870, when he was appointed Consulting 
 Physician to the Hospital; elected President of the Obstetrical Society [875. 
 
 Dr. Priestley is a Member of, and one of the Examiners in, the Royal 
 College of Surgeons, England ; a Fellow of Royal College of Physicians, 
 both in London and Edinburgh ; a member of many learned societies, he 
 has held the office of Examiner for the prescribed term of years both in the 
 University of London and the Royal College of Physicians. Dr. Priestley is 
 the author of a work on the Development of the Gravid Uterus, and joint 
 editor of Sir J. Y. Simpson’s Obstetric works, and has written many papers 
 on Natural History and Medicine. He is one of the Physicians-Accoucheur 
 to H.R.H. the Princess Louis of Hesse (Alice of Great Britain). 
 
Was born November 30th, 1807, at Kenley, Shropshire. Educated at. 
 Dorrington and Shrewsbury. Entered the University of Pans 1829, and 
 proceeded to the University of London 1831. Was appointed Compiler 
 of Abstracts in Kegistrar-General’s Office 1838, and organised there the 
 Statistical Department, of which he continues to be the Superintendent. 
 He assisted the Registrar-General in taking the Census in 1851, 1861 and 
 1871 ; was a member of the Royal Commission for Enquiring into the 
 Sanitary Condition of the Army in India, in 1859; the author of the 
 Introduction to the English Life Table, which was constructed under his 
 diiection, from the National Returns in the department. The logarithmic 
 series of the Tables for single and joint lives (two males, male and female, 
 and two females) were calculated and imprinted in papier-mache moulds 
 for stereotyping from, by the Swedish Calculating Machine—the first real 
 new work done by machinery of the kind. 
 
 In the Supplement to the Registrar-General’s Thirty-fifth Report (1875) 
 he discusses, and gives particulars of the returns of the numbers and causes 
 of 12.772,609 deaths in the Districts of England and Wales. 
 
 Dr. Farr is the author of many contributions to medical journals, and 
 “ Annual Official Reports on the Public Health and the Causes of Death in 
 England,” 1837-75. Dr. Farr read a paper before the Royal Society in 
 1859, describing the method of constructing Life Tables, and was chosen a 
 correspondent of the French Institute in May, 1872. 
 

JOHN CLELjlND, M,D„ F.R.S., k 
 
 Born at Perth, on the 15th June, 1835 ; is the second son of the late John 
 Cleland, Surgeon. He was educated in Edinburgh : began the study of 
 Medicine in that University in 1851, graduated in 1856, and in the 
 following year accepted the position of a Junior Demonstrator with the 
 late Professor Goodsir. He continued in that position for four years, and 
 then removed to Glasgow, to be Demonstrator with Professor Allen 
 Thompson. In December, 1863, he was appointed by the Crown to the 
 Professorship of Anatomy and Physiology in Queen’s College, Galway, 
 which post he still holds. His principal writings have been of an Anatomical 
 and Physiological character ; but he has also from time to time contributed 
 to the medical Journals short notices on Pathological, Therapeutical and 
 Surgical subjects. 
 

DR. WILLI/M RUTHERFOp. 
 
 Is a native of Roxburghshire, in which county he was born in 1839, at 
 Ancrum Craig, near Jedburgh. He received his Medical Education in the 
 University of Edinburgh, where he took the degree of M.D. in 1863. After 
 devoting a year to the study of Medicine and Physiology in Germany and 
 France, he was appointed Assistant to the Professor of Physiology in the 
 University of Edinburgh, from which office he was transferred to the Chair 
 of Physiology in King’s College, London, in 1869. In 1871 he was appointed 
 Fullerian Professor of Physiology at the Royal Institution of London, and in 
 1874 ke was recalled to the University of Edinburgh, where he is now 
 Professor of the Institutes of Medicine. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society 
 
 Edinburgh, and the author of numerous Memoirs on Physiological 
 Subjects. 
 
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FREDEI[ICK JAMES GANT. 
 
 After a good preliminary education at King’s College School, Mr. Gant 
 entered on his professional studies at University College, and as the 
 pupil of Dr. Quain he made such progress as to obtain honours in 
 several classes, more particularly in Surgery, in which he has so well 
 distinguished himself. To the renowned Professor of Anatomy and 
 Physiology, Dr. Sharpey, he became assistant as Curator of the Museum, 
 an appointment which he held for some years. On the completion of 
 his studies he at once offered himself for examination at the Royal 
 College of Surgeons, and was admitted a Member May i8th, 1849, and 
 a Fellow May 30th, 1861. In 1853, he was appointed Assistant Surgeon to 
 the Royal Free Hospital, where he is now, and has been for many years, 
 full Surgeon. 
 
 During the Crimean War, Mr. Gant volunteered, and was appointed 
 Staff Civil Surgeon, serving both at Balaklava and in Scutari Hospitals. 
 For these services he received the Medal and Clasp for Sebastopol, and 
 was placed on the list for 'the Turkish Medal. On the close of the war, 
 in 1856, he resumed his duties at the Royal Free Hospital. 
 
 Mr. Gant has been a valuable contributor to the advancement of Science 
 numerous works, and papers published in the transactions of 
 learned Societies of which he is a member, and in the Medical Journals ; 
 one of his earliest works on the “ Evil results of Overfeeding Cattle,” a new 
 pathological inquiry, relative to Prize Cattle exhibited at the Smithfield 
 
Club in 1857, excited considerable attention, and has led in some measure 
 to the present system of more moderate and gradual feeding of cattle. 
 
 His chief Surgical works are, ‘‘The Principles of Surgery, Clinical, 
 Medical, and Operative,” and more recently, “ The Science and Practice of 
 Surgery,” an edition of which has since been published in America. 
 Among his special contributions to Surgery may be mentioned, “ Excision 
 of the Joints, especially the Knee, Hip, and Elbow, in twenty Typical 
 cases,’ published in the Transactions of the Royal Medico-Chirurgical 
 Society ; a subject of so much importance in these days of Conservative 
 Surgery, that on his appointment as Lettsomian Lecturer, he selected 
 it for his discourse (Excisional Surgery) before the Medical Society of 
 London. The general character of Mr. Gant’s labours has been to 
 elucidate the more intimate relations and applications of Pathology to 
 Surgery, as evinced not only in his larger works, but by the titles of 
 most of his contributed papers, especially a series on “ The Pathological 
 Practice of Surgery” in the Medical Times and Gazette, and another 
 series, “What has Pathological Anatomy done for Medicine and Surgery ? ” 
 in The Lancet. His most recent production, “ A Guide to the Examinations 
 at the Royal College of Surgeons,” has done much to accomplish the 
 Author’s design—that of exhibiting what the College has done to sustain and 
 extend the educational character of the profession, and to protect the just 
 rights of the public in regard to the qualifications of men who are licensed 
 to practice Surgery—while, to all who are preparing for the professional 
 examinations at the College, a proper knowledge of the nature and direction 
 of such examinations for the diplomas of Member and Fellow, cannot fail to 
 be useful. 
 
 Mr. Gant, who is about fifty years of age, married a daughter of the late 
 Richard Crawshay, Esq., of Ottershaw Park, Surrey. 
 
DR. TILBURY FOX. 
 
 Born in 1836 at Broughton, Hants ; son of a well-known provincial 
 practitioner, Dr. L. Owen Fox, of same place. Educated at Christ’s 
 Hospital, and subsequently at University College, London. Graduated at 
 University of London, obtaining at the M.B. the first place in Medicine, 
 with the Scholarship and Gold Medal in that subject. Acquired a special 
 taste for the study of Skin Diseases when attending the clinical teaching 
 of Sir William Jenner on the subject at University College, and elected 
 to devote himself to this department of Medicine ; but, not seeing the way 
 open at the time to consulting or special practice, went into general 
 practice in partnership with Mr^Tapson, of Bayswater, on the introduction 
 of Mr. Quain, F.R.S., whose House Surgeon he had been a little time 
 before. After five years, he gave up general practice, having meantime 
 devoted particular attention to the subject of Vegetable Parasitic Diseases, 
 his observations being recorded in the work, “ Skin Diseases of Parasitic 
 Origin,” published a little later. 
 
 Subsequently, Dr. Fox travelled in the East with the late Earl of 
 Hopetoun, and enjoyed opportunities of seeing leprosy in its native habitat. 
 He returned to England and commenced consulting practice, and as a 
 specialist in the subject of dermatology. 
 
 Dr. Fox joined Mr. Erasmus Wilson in founding, with others, St. John’s 
 Hospital for Diseases of the Skin ; and the establishment of this institution, 
 with Mr. Wilson at its head, without doubt helped to incite the authorities of 
 our General Hospitals to institute special departments for skin diseases; 
 
indeed, this was one of its ostensible objects. Dr. Fox soon left St. John’s to 
 fill the post of Physician for Skin Diseases in Charing Cross Hospital, which 
 was instituted, he having run Dr. Pollock very hard against the whole weight 
 of the late Chief Baron’s influence for the Assistant Physiciancy a little time 
 before. On the death of Dr. Hillier, he was translated to the charge of the 
 Skin Department of University College Hospital. 
 
 Dr. Tilbury Fox is the author of a standard work, “ Skin Diseases, their 
 Descriptive Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment,” which has reached a 
 third edition, and of which there are American and Italian reproductions ; 
 an Atlas of Skin Diseases, now in course of publication ; various papers on 
 Skin Subjects, in the Medical Press; joint author with Dr. Farquhar of 
 “ Scheme for obtaining a Better Knowlege of certain Endemic Skin 
 Diseases of Hot Climates”; and of a subsequent report on the same 
 subject. 
 
 Dr. Fox is a Fellow of College of Physicians, and Physician to the 
 Department for Skin Diseases in University College Hospital, and is 
 rapidly acquiring a very large consulting practice. 
 
POWER, 
 
 Senior Ophthalmic Snrgeon to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 
 
 Is the son of Lieut.-Col. John Francis Power, an old Peninsular Officer. 
 He was born at Nantes, on the Loire, September, 1829, and received an 
 interrupted education at Leamington, Whitby, Liverpool, and Cheltenham. 
 
 He was apprenticed to Mr. Wheeler, the Chairman. of the Court of 
 Examiners of the Apothecaries’ Society, in 1844, and at once entered 
 St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. In 1851, he was appointed Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy at the Westminster Hospital; in 1854, Lecturer on Anatomy ; and 
 in 1857, Lecturer on Physiology and Assistant Surgeon at that Hospital. 
 In 1855, he graduated at the London University. 
 
 He was attached to St. George’s for three years as Ophthalmic 
 Surgeon, and in 1870 he was appointed Senior Ophthalmic Surgeon to St. 
 Bartholomew’s Hospital. He has published a work entitled “ Illustrations 
 of the Principal Diseases of the Eye,” and has edited the 6th, 7th, and 8th 
 Editions of Carpenter's “ Human Physiology translated Strieker’s 
 “ Human and Comparative Physiology.” 
 
JOHN CROFT F.R,C,S. 
 
 Surgeon to St. Thomas’s Hospital, Lecturer on Practical and Manipulative 
 Surgery in its Medical College, Surgeon to the “Nightingale” Training 
 School for Nurses, Cons. Surgeon to the Magdalen Hospital, and Cons. 
 Surgeon to the Royal Kent Dispensary. Was born 1833. 
 
 He is a son of Hugh and Maria Croft, and grandson of Gilmore Croft. 
 The latter practised in the City, and afterwards at Hastings, dying 1824. 
 
 Mr. Croft commenced his Medical education at St. Thomas’s Hospital in 
 1850. He was apprenticed to Mr. Thomas Evans, Surgeon, at Burwash, in 
 Sussex. He obtained the Diplomas of the Royal College of Surgeons, and 
 of the Apothecaries’ Society in the Autumn of 1854, and was soon after 
 appointed House Surgeon to St. Thomas’s Hospital. At the expiration of 
 six months, he was elected Assistant Surgeon to the Seamen’s Hospital 
 Ship “ Dreadnought.” 
 
 Mr. Croft obtained the Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons by 
 Examination in 1859. In i860 he left the “Dreadnought,” and was 
 appointed Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy at St. Thomas’s Hospital 
 Medical College, and Surgical Registrar to the Hospital: he was also 
 elected Surgeon to the Surrey Dispensary. 
 
 After resigning the Surgical Registrarship and the Dispensary appoint¬ 
 ment he was elected Resident Assistant Surgeon to St. Thomas’s Hospital, 
 December ist, 1863. He became Senior Assistant Surgeon January ist, 
 1871, and was appointed Surgeon to the Hospital July 6th of the same year. 
 
and in October of that year ceased to be Demonstrator of Anatomy, and 
 became Lecturer on Practical and Manipulative Surgery. 
 
 Mr. Croft is a Fellow of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society, a 
 Member of the Pathological, Clinical, and West Kent Medical and Chirurgi¬ 
 cal Societies, and a Member of the British Medical Association. 
 
 Author of articles—“ Traumatic Fever,” “ Hectic Fever,” and Manage¬ 
 ment of Patients after Operations” in Hohiie's System of Sursiery, “Delirium 
 Tremens” (Surgical) in St. Thomas’s Hospital Reports, N.S., Vol. L, 
 “Inversion of the Bladder Cure,” Vol. II., “Statistics of 2,401 cases of 
 Hernia,” Vol. III. “On Pirogoff’s Operation at KxCK\.e]omt’’ Lancet, 1858; 
 “ Simple Fracture of Frontal Bone without Depression, Compression, 
 Trephining and Removal of Large Coagitlum—Cure,” Medical Times and 
 Gazette, 1857. “ Pain in Orbit caused by a Concretion—Cured, &c., &c. 
 
m\m WYNTER, M.D. 
 
 Born at Bristol (St. George’s). Late editor of the British Medical Journal. 
 Took his degree of M.D. at St. Andrews, 1853, and became a Member of ^ 
 the Royal College of Physicians in 1861. Author of “Curiosities of 
 Civilisation,” being Essays collected from the Quarterly Review;* 
 “Lunatic K?y\\ims," Quarterly Review, 1857; “Brain Difficulties,” 
 burgh Review, i860; “Progress of Medicine and Surgery,” Edinburgh 
 Review, 1872; “The Borderlands of Insanity” (Hardwick), 1875. 
 
 * ' ‘ We shall look in vain, for example, two centuries back, for anything like an equiva¬ 
 lent to the volume before us. Some of the articles are mainly derived from observations 
 made in the course of professional studies ; others are at least cognate to the subjects 
 which occupy a physician’s hourly thoughts ; all are more or less instructive as to certain 
 phases of our civilisation, and the strange elements it holds in suspension. Some of the 
 incidents are of unparalleled magnitude, quite as striking as anything contained in the 
 wonder-books of our ancestors.”— Times. 
 
 
GEORGE SOUTHAM, F.R.C.S, 
 
 Born December 3rd, 1815, in Manchester, and received his medical 
 education in that city, University College, London, and Paris. Elected a 
 Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, England, in 1838, Fellow in 
 1853, and Member of the Council in 1873. 
 
 Mr. Southam was President of the Council of the British Medical Asso¬ 
 ciation from 1872 to 1875, and is now one of the Vice-Presidents. Senior 
 Surgeon to the Royal Infirmary, and Professor of Surgery in the Owen’s 
 College, Manchester; Fellow of the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society, 
 London ; contributor of papers on “ Elephantiasis,” “ Recto-vesical 
 Lithotomy,” “ Arterio-venous Aneurism of the Scalp,” and “ Treatment of 
 Aneurism by Pressure,” in the Transactions of the Medico-Chirurgical 
 Society ; also of essays on “ Ovariotomy,” of which he was one of the 
 earliest advocates; on “ Cancer and its Treatmentseveral papers on 
 “ Lithotomy,” including one on “ Spontaneous Fracture of Urinary Calculi,” 
 and various other Surgical subjects in the medical journals. 
 

 
 
 GEORGE JAMES ALLMAN, M.D., LL.D., F.R.C.S.L, 
 F.R.S,, M.R.I.A., F.LS., k. 
 
 Born at Cork, 1812, educated at Belfast Academic Institution, and 
 graduated in Arts and Medicine (1844) in the University of Dublin. In 
 the same year was appointed to the Regius Professorship of Botany in 
 that University, when he relinquished all further thoughts of Medical 
 practice. In 1855 he resigned that post, on his appointment to the 
 Regius Professorship of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh, 
 which he held till 1870. Shortly after this, the Hon. Degree of LL.D. was 
 conferred on him by the University of Edinburgh. In 1872 the Royal 
 Society of Edinburgh awarded him the Brisbane Prize, and in the 
 following year a Royal Medal was awarded to him by the Royal Society 
 of London. Was elected President of the Linnean Society 1874. He is one 
 of Her Majesty’s Commissioners in the Board of Fisheries for Scotland. 
 Professor Allman’s principal works are, a monograph of the Freshwater 
 Polyzoa, fob 1856, and a monograph of the Gymnoflastic Hydroids, fol. 
 1871-72, both published by the Ray Society. 
 
 is, 
 
 
GEORGE ROSS, 
 
 The subject of this memoir, was born at Stonehouse, on the 2nd of August, 
 1817. In 1832 he entered the medical profession as pupil to Mr. T. G. 
 Phillips, of Albion Street, Hyde Park, and received his professional 
 education at St. George’s Hospital. At a very early age he showed a 
 literary taste, and during his student-life contributed to various periodicals 
 essays and poems, both conveying promise of future excellence. On 
 leaving Mr. Phillips he went to reside with Mr. Asbury, at Enfield, in whose 
 extensive practice he acquired a large amount of clinical experience. At 
 that time typhus fever of an aggravated form appeared in the town. This 
 brought out from Mr. Ross the first evidence of that thoughtful, earnest 
 character, which distinguished his medical conduct, and resulted in those 
 papers on Typhus Fever which appeared in The Lancet in 1842. These 
 were followed by a series upon “ Nutrition and Digestion,’’in which was 
 establish the fact then in dispute, that lactic acid was found in the stomach, 
 but not in the intestines. Pursuing this great field of scientific enquiry, 
 he successively produced, in the same journal, papers on Albuminuria, 
 Epidemic Influenza, and Cholera, in all which were shown great keenness of 
 observation and independence of judgment. 
 
 About this period various questions, both of a political and domestic 
 nature, were agitating the profession. Party-feeling was running strong in 
 
the battle for rights which was then being inaugurated. Into this contest it 
 was inevitable that a man of Dr. Ross’ fervid nature must throw himself. 
 An eager and impassioned eloquence, added to a recognised literary position, 
 combined to draw him to the front as a leader in the debates of the 
 “General Medical Protection Assembly,” and when “The National 
 Association” was formed, led to overtures to undertake the duties of 
 Secretary. Over the professional interests which that society was 
 established to advocate, he exercised, perhaps, a greater influence than 
 any other individual of the period ; advising the Government upon the 
 measures then being legislated upon, and contributing all the political 
 leaders which appeared in the Medical Times. In 1852 Dr. Ross, in 
 conjunction with Mr. Yearsley, started the Medical CivculaT, of which, for 
 many years, he was sole editor. It is impossible to instance here the 
 varied subjects affecting the welfare of his profession which occupied his 
 pen during his editorship of that journal. It was here that he ventilated the 
 first idea of a Cottage Hospital—the principle being based upon the perfect 
 isolation of types of disease, and the adaptation of hospitals to the necessities 
 of small districts. The idea is in itself so simple and rational that the 
 wonder is it remained so long unthought of. The general acceptance it 
 has since obtained is now well known to the profession, although it is not so 
 generally known in whose fertile brain it originated. 
 
 In 1854 Dr. Ross became a member of the Corporation of London ; aiding 
 in the various philanthropic and sanitary efforts which that great body was 
 then advancing. As a member of the “ Commission of Sewers ’’ he took 
 active part in the measures for improving the dwellings of the poor, the 
 establishment of baths and wash-houses, and especially for bringing to a 
 successful issue the project for covering Smithfield with a dead-meat market. 
 When increasing professional engagements necessitated his withdrawal from 
 the Corporation, the esteem in which his services had been held was 
 testified by a handsome testimonial, presented by the Wardmote which 
 he represented. 
 
In 1869 Dr. Ross was appointed Medical Officer of Health for St. Giles’ 
 and Bloomsbury. It was an office for which he was peculiarly fitted. A man 
 of indomitable energy, in heart a philanthropist, for years past an active 
 sanitarian, he was by disposition and habit the right man for the place. The 
 annual reports of this able and deep-thinking physician and sanitarian 
 remain to show with what a large grasp he embraced his duties. For 
 classification of disease, scientific research into causes, analysis of the 
 march and rate of progress, and suggestions for amelioration, they remain 
 unsurpassed. His hand was folding his last report for issue, when death 
 overtook him. In that report he urges the authorities to help and encourage 
 the poor to cultivate sweet-smelling plants, that the ozone evolved might aid 
 to purify the close atmosphere in which their necessities force them to dwell. 
 It is a simple incident, showing how, amidst large and important measures, 
 his kindly heart thought of the poor ; striving, in elevating the condition of 
 their surroundings, to soften and add grace to their lives. As a leading 
 sanitarian, he was consulted by the Government during the progress through 
 the “ House of Commons’’ of the Artizans’ Dwellings Bill, and contributed, 
 by his large experience and calm judgment, in smoothing many of the 
 difficulties by which that measure was at first surrounded. The last act of 
 his life was preparing a scheme for the application of that measure to the 
 district under his charge. He has left to others the glory of completing what 
 his whole life was spent in promoting. 
 
 Dr. Ross was a graduate of the University of St. Andrews, M .D., L.R.C.P. 
 Edinburgh ; M.R.C.S., Eng., &c. He was a member of the Charity 
 Organization Society, and of the Commission of Sewers, Vice-President of 
 the Society of Medical Officers of Health, a member of the Civil Engineering 
 Committee and of the Sanitary Sub-Committee of the International Exhi¬ 
 bition of 1874, &c., &c. Besides the works already referred to, he was the 
 author of a series of Annual Addresses to Medical Students, a treatise on 
 “Diseases of the Skin,” a paper on “ Dwellings for the Working Classes,” 
 various eesthetical articles, essays and poems. He was, in fact, all his life 
 
both a student and a man of work ; a man of the age, and of whom the age 
 has reason to be proud ; a man always active in every movement of 
 progress and philanthropy; ever aiding to promote the welfare of the 
 masses ; though dead,, he yet speaketh. The grasp of his mind was broad 
 and comprehensive; his perceptions keen, his judgment clear and decisive. 
 Devotion to whatever he undertook, and indomitable energy in pursuing it, 
 formed the basis of his character. Those only who knew him well could 
 appreciate his large and versatile powers ; whilst those who knew him best 
 loved him most. Always a wise counsellor, a sympathising friend ; a gentle 
 teacher, ever ready to impart all he knew ; good in all the relations of life . 
 A true, earnest, Christian man; he has gone to his rest and his works do 
 follow him. 
 
 Dr. Ross was married to Mary, eldest daughter of the late John Hunter, 
 Esq., who survives him. 
 

 
 
After more than fifty years of unremitting labour in the field of Natural 
 History, Dr. John Edward Gray died the Jth. March, at his residence, in the 
 British Museum, aged seventy-five. Dr. Gray was one of a family of 
 naturalists. His father, Samuel Frederick Gray, by the publication of ‘ The 
 Natural Arrangement of British Plants,’ was the first to introduce into this 
 country Jussieu’s method of classification as distinguished from that 
 proposed by Linnaeus ; and his uncle. Dr. Edward Whittaker Gray, was 
 also a botanist of eminence, and had the sole charge of Sir Hans Sloane’s 
 collection, which formed the nucleus of the present British Museum. His 
 brother, the late George Robert Gray, was the author of many valuable 
 publications on entomology and ornithology. 
 
 Dr. Gray, from his earliest youth, was endowed with a perseverance and 
 energy of character that enabled him to master with facility every subject to 
 which he directed his attention ; and his faculty of classification, combined 
 with great power of memory and quick insight into specific differences, gave 
 him very early a high position among the naturalists of Europe. Intended 
 originally for the medical profession, his innate tastes soon led him to adopt 
 the career in which he became so distinguished, even if an extraordinary 
 repugnance to scenes of pain, which his sympathising nature could never 
 overcome, had not caused him to neglect a profession in which he might 
 have become eminent. In 1821 he assisted his father in the work we have 
 referred to ; and soon afterwards his energy and intelligence recommended 
 
him to the zealous men who were agitating the subject of the emancipation 
 of the slaves. Into the attainment of this object he threw himself with his 
 characteristic heartiness, visiting Bristol, Liverpool, and Glasgow. ^24 
 he was appointed, through the influence of the late John George Chfldren , 
 one of the assistants in the Natural History Department of the British 
 Museum, having worked there for some time previously, assisting Dr. Leach 
 in his labours. In 1826 he married the widow of his cousin, Fiancis 
 Edward Gray, who survives him, and found in her a fitting help-mate to 
 share and encourage him in all his undertakings. In the summer after his 
 marriage, and for many following years, he made a practice of spending is 
 vacations in visiting different places on the Continent where museums 
 existed, making many warm and lasting friendships among the professors 
 and others who shared his tastes and entered into his studies, making his 
 observations and notes on whatever suggested itself as likely to be of value 
 in the improvement of the national collection. In 1840, upon the retirement 
 of Mr. Children, he was appointed to the post of Keeper of the Zoological 
 Collection, and threw himself at once with ardour into the work of 
 arranging the now magnificent collection in our National Museum. Those 
 who are old enough to remember the confusion that reigned in the dark 
 rooms of Montague House, where camelopards, crustacem, and corals were 
 crowded together, can appreciate the changes effected under the 
 superintendence of Dr. Gray. In this work he was ably seconded by his 
 assistants. His brother George devoted himself to the ornithological order ; 
 the late Edward Doubleday and Mr. Frederick Smith to the lepidoptera 
 and coleoptera, &c. ; Dr. Baird, to conchology ; and Dr. Giinther, who 
 succeeds him in his post, to ichthyology ; and by their united efforts they 
 have made the British Museum the noblest collection the world has ever 
 
 seen. 
 
 Dr. Gray’s energy and industry were inexhaustible and untiring. Hard 
 work in whatever he undertook was his habit. For the first sixteen years 
 after his appointment he resided chiefly at Blackheath, and in those days the 
 stage-coach was the usual conveyance. After a busy day m the Museum, if 
 he did not stay in town for the meeting of one or other of the Societies of 
 which he was a member, he was in the habit of hurrying to catch the coach 
 at Charing Cross; and then, while on the road, he would devour the 
 
 
j contents of some work that bore upon his researches, or engage in warm 
 I discussion upon the topics that were agitating people’s minds, and, after a 
 hasty dinner, he would set-to upon some work that he had in hand for 
 publication. The number of papers, and other works of greater or less 
 magnitude, published by him is immense, and attest his industry, research, 
 
 I and ability. He was pre-eminently a scientific naturalist as distinguished 
 from a popular writer, and his work is, therefore, better known to students 
 and professors than to the general reader. 
 
 In 1870 he was seized by paralysis, and lost the use of his right side ; but 
 in spite of this affliction, he never ceased to give evidence of his mental 
 activity ; and month after month the Annals of Natural History continued 
 to be enriched by his contributions ; and so late as January last he wrote a 
 I paper ‘ On the Madagascar River Hog, Potamochcerus,’ and ‘ On the Skulls 
 of Three Species of the Genus’; and in the June previously he published 
 the list of seals and horses, sea lions and sea bears, in the British Museum, 
 which forms a valuable monograph of all the known species. 
 
 A learned Correspondent writes :— 
 
 ‘‘ Dr. Gray’s untiring efforts were principally directed towards forming a 
 zoological collection worthy of the country; and in this he succeeded so well, 
 that he soon diverted the flow of foreign naturalists from Paris to London, 
 the University of Munich conferring on him the honorary degree of Doctor 
 of Philosophy for having formed the largest zoological collection in Europe. 
 To insure its proper arrangement, he recommended the Trustees to publish 
 printed systematic Catalogues. The later ones were not merely nominal 
 lists, but contained descriptions of the objects, thus forming a series of 
 handbooks that have much accelerated the progress of zoological science, 
 and have rendered the collections more readily accessible to the student 
 than in any other museum. If we understand by the old Linnaean school 
 that class of naturalists whose knowledge ranges over many or all branches 
 of Natural History, and who distinguish and arrange the objects rather 
 with the aid of external than anatomical characters. Dr. Gray was one of 
 the most eminent and, perhaps, the last of this school. The overwhelming 
 material which he accumulated had to be arranged, and there remained no 
 time for investigating all the details of internal structure. That his task 
 
was a laborious one, may be seen from the amount of work published by 
 him, the Catalogue of Scientific Papers published by the Royal Society 
 containing not less than twenty-eight columns of titles of his papers, the 
 
 number of which must considerably exceed one thousand.” 
 
 In his private life Dr. Gray was distinguished by a generosity and integrity 
 of mind that commanded the esteem of a large number of friends ; and 
 though, from his hatred of anything 'like sham and imposture, he may at 
 times have expressed himself strongly and given pain, no one was ever 
 more ready to do an act of kindness that condoned the offence he had given.