I * c r 
 
 C-vn 
 
 B1S119M 
 
 From. the Poti'cr,,. 
 
 Divisions of Hundreds 
 Railways opened■ shewn thus 
 The distance, " / the Station - being from, Derby Station 
 Railways in progress of formation, __________ 
 
 Roads : 
 
 Churches & Chapels + 
 
 The, figures on the- Roads denote-the, distance, from Town, to Town. 
 
 REFERENCE TO m HUNDREDS. 
 
 High, Peak. Hundred, . 
 
 IVirksworth, *..... 
 
 hforteston, A LitrJinrch .. . 
 
 tvelcxettce. 
 
 horctUjh, Doundaty ... 
 
 Division, of County _ 
 
§logaI l^xjmologrral Institute of (Srcat 
 §ritiOT utter Jrdmtix 
 
 PATRONS: 
 
 HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE QUEEN. 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G., F.S.A. 
 
 PRESIDENT: 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. EARL PERCY, M.P., F.S.A. 
 
 NOTES 
 
 ON 
 
 PLACES INTENDED TO BE VISITED 
 
 DURING 
 
 THE ANNUAL MEETING AT DERBY 
 
 UNDER THE PRESIDENCY OF THE 
 
 RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF CARNARVON, 
 
 P.C., D.C.L.. F.S.A., Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. 
 
 JULY 28th to AUGUST 51’H, 1885. 
 
 BY 
 
 W. H. ST. JOHN HOPE, M.A., F.S.A., 
 
 Editor to the Royal Archceological Institute, Member of Council of the Derbyshire 
 Archceological and Natural History Society, and Honorary Member 
 of the Sussex Archaologual Society. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 BEMROSE & SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY ; 
 AND DERBY. 
 

 
 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 1 he following notes have been drawn up to enable the Mem¬ 
 bers of the Royal Archaeological Institute and their friends to 
 carry about with them during their visit to Derbyshire a few 
 brief facts, descriptive and historical, in a handy form. 
 
 Those persons who desire a more complete work on the 
 county cannot do better than purchase Stanford’s Guide to 
 Derbyshire, a most invaluable little book, compiled by a 
 well-known local antiquary. 
 
 I have to acknowledge the great help I have derived in 
 putting together these Notes from the Churches of Derbyshire , 
 by my friend Dr. Cox. 
 
 As I have written these pages away from Derbyshire, and 
 mostly from memory, I trust any slips or inaccuracies will be 
 overlooked. 
 
 W. H. ST. JOHN HOPE. 
 
(Kopaf Olvcftaeofogicaf Jneftfufe. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, i885. 
 
 GENERAL NOTES ON PLACES INTENDED TO 
 
 BE VISITED. 
 
 TUESDAY, JULY 28th. 
 
 DERBY. 
 
 O far as vve know, Derby is a town of purely English 
 origin. Though the Romans had a station at Der- 
 vetitio, or Little Chester—a suburb of Derby to the 
 north, but on the opposite side of the river Derwent 
 which flows past the old town,—there is no evidence to 
 show that they ever established themselves on the spot 
 where Derby now stands. 
 
 The earliest historical fact about the place is that the 
 old-English had a settlement here called Northworthige. Under 
 the Danes it became more important, being one of the five great 
 garrisons of Mercia, and its name was changed to Deoraby, 
 whence Derby. While the Danes held it it was strengthened and 
 fortified, but was nevertheless captured in 917 by ./Ethelflaed, lady 
 of the Mercians, and sister of king Edward. At that time it had 
 gates. The modern names of Castlefields and Castle Street point 
 also to a stronghold, probably a burh. All traces of it are" now 
 obliterated. 
 
 In the time of Edward the Confessor it was a royal borough 
 with two hundred and forty-three burgesses. There were also 
 fourteen mills and six churches, two of the latter being on the 
 royal demesne. 
 
 Its later history is unimportant. The privilege of sending 
 burgesses to Parliament was granted in 23 Edward I. Sundry 
 charters were granted to the town by the Plantagenet and later 
 sovereigns. James I. granted a new charter by which the cor¬ 
 poration was to consist of two bailiffs, twenty-four burgesses, 
 
6 
 
 a recorder, etc., but in 1638 Charles I. substituted a mayor for the 
 two bailiffs. The existing charter is that of Charles II., 1680. 
 The first mayor was Henry Mellor, but he died during his tenure 
 of office, and John Hope served the year out. During the great 
 rebellion, Derby sided with the Parliament, and raised a regiment 
 of soldiers in its cause. 
 
 In 1665, according to Hutton, the town was “ visited by the 
 Plague, at the same time in which London fell under that severe 
 infliction,” and he draws a graphic picture of the state of the 
 town during the visitation. His statement is, however, not borne 
 out by fact, for the parish registers of the five old churches shew 
 that the number of burials for 1665 was not above the average. 
 Perhaps his account should relate to 1593, when 255 burials of 
 persons who had died “ex peste” occurred in All Saints’ parish 
 alone. 
 
 In 1709, Dr. Sacheverell’s famous sermon was preached in All 
 Saints’ church, for which he was arraigned before the Houses of 
 Parliament, and after a lengthy trial found guilty and sentenced to 
 suspension. 
 
 On December 4th, 1745, the unfortunate prince Charles Ed¬ 
 ward Stuart entered Derby at the head of his small force, and 
 took up his abode at Exeter House. He stayed here two nights, 
 and during his sojourn the council of war was held at which .it 
 was decided to retreat to Scotland, a resolve ending in the dis¬ 
 astrous defeat at Culloden. Exeter House was demolished in 
 1845, but the panelling of the chamber in which the council was 
 held now covers the walls of the committee room at the Free 
 Library and Museum. 
 
 Until 1845 a most extraordinary custom prevailed here of play¬ 
 ing annually a game of football on Shrove Tuesday. The scene 
 of action was the market place and streets of the town ; the 
 players were composed of all the able bodied men, who divided 
 themselves into the rival sides of “ Peter’s ” and “ All Saints,” the 
 names of the two most important parishes; and the “ ball ” 
 was a huge globe of leather filled with cork shavings. The goals 
 were respectively—for the St. Peter’s men, a garden gate in Grove 
 Street, and for All Saints, the water wheel at Nuns’ Mill. By one 
 o’clock, all the shops having been previously closed and business 
 suspended, the rival players began to assemble in the market 
 place, arranging themselves on the sides most remote from their 
 respective goals. As the town hall clock struck two the ball was 
 thrown up in the midst, and the contending parties simultaneously 
 became locked together. Whichever side first caught the ball had 
 a slight advantage, and the holder endeavoured, if a “Peter’s” 
 man, to work down Derwent Street and into the river; for, 
 despite the cold water and the oft-times snow-clad banks, there 
 were always to be found men who would swim down the stream 
 
7 
 
 with the ball, sometimes a considerable distance, before it was 
 landed and brought round towards the goal. Of course the rival 
 faction were meanwhile not inactive, and not unfrequently a grand 
 ducking tournament took place in the river. The All Saints’ 
 men, on the other hand, always tried to get the ball down Sadler- 
 gate and into the Oddebrook, and thence up to Nuns’ Mill. The 
 play (!) often lasted all day, and broken heads and limbs and torn 
 garments were common. In the evening the victors went round 
 with the ball seeking subscriptions. By way of training up the 
 children in the way they should go when men, the boys of the 
 rival parishes were encouraged to commence their game as soon 
 as the market place was clear, and tradition says that on one 
 occasion, when the boys and men of St. Peter’s both won, the 
 ball was suspended from a pinnacle of the tower of the parish 
 church by blue ribbons ! 
 
 The game finally became such a nuisance that, after sundry in¬ 
 effectual attempts, it was suppressed in 1845, but not without the 
 aid of the military. 
 
 The Domesday book describes six churches as existing in Derby 
 temp. Edward the Confessor—- 
 
 In the same borough there was on the king’s demesne one church with seven 
 clerks, who held two carucates of free land in Cestre (Little Chester). There 
 was also another church, likewise the king’s, in which six clerks held nine 
 bovates of land in Cornun (Quarndon), and Detton (Little Eaton), also free. 
 
 Geoffrey Alselin has one church which was Tochi’s. 
 
 Ralph FitzHubert, one church which was Leuric’s, with a carucate of land. 
 
 Norman de Lincoln one church which was Brun’s. 
 
 Edric has there one church which was his father Coin’s. 
 
 The two collegiate churches are to be identified with All Saints’ 
 and St. Alkmund’s ; the other four are St. Michael’s, St. Peter’s, 
 St. Mary’s, and St. Werburgh’s. 
 
 St. Mary’s church now only survives in the name of St. Mary’s 
 Gate. It probably early fell into decay, as no mention of it occurs 
 after the twelfth century. 
 
 The church of All Saints, or All Hallows, was certainly one of 
 the two collegiate churches in Derby temp. Edward the Confessor. 
 It was given by Henry I. inter 1100—1107 to the cathedral church 
 of Lincoln. At least as early as 1268 the dean of Lincoln was 
 the persona of All Saints’, if not dean. The church was also 
 known as the king’s free chapel, and in a dispute which took 
 place in 1277 was expressly said to be exempt from all ordinary 
 jurisdiction, including that of the archdeacon, and to be im¬ 
 mediately subject to the pope. The prebendaries accordingly 
 were collated and instituted by the dean of Lincoln : 
 and the same privilege was exercised by the corporation, after 
 the suppression of the college, with respect to the vicar. The 
 first episcopal institution was that of Charles Hope in 1774. 
 
At the suppression of the college in 1548 there were here a 
 sub-dean and six canons. The church was collegiate and parochial; 
 the jewels, plate, and ornaments, being ordained and maintained by 
 the parishioners. The chantries of our Lady and St. Nicholas, and 
 the Trinity Guild, were also suppressed. On the accession of 
 queen Mary a portion of the former lands of the church was 
 granted to the corporation of Derby on condition that they ap¬ 
 pointed and maintained two perpetual vicars of All Saints. They 
 seem however only to have appointed one, though they gave him 
 the stipend ordained for two. The advowson was sold in 1835, 
 and is now vested in the Simeon Trustees. In addition to the 
 vicar, the parish also provided a “ reader,” whose duty was to say 
 daily prayers throughout the year. Until 1748, the funds for the 
 reader were furnished by the rates, but after that date by voluntary 
 subscription. It was not until about 1825 that the daily service 
 was cut down and finally abandoned. 
 
 Of the church that existed before the present structure we know 
 very little beyond the ground plan. It consisted of a chancel with 
 aisles, a nave also with aisles and a south porch, and a western 
 tower. The north choir aisle was the Lady chapel, and the south 
 choir aisle “ St. Katherine’s quire.” There were also besides the 
 high altar, those of the Passion, the Holy Trinit)', and St. Nicholas, 
 and images of our Lady of Pity, and SS. Christopher, Clement, 
 Edmund, Eloy, and John the Baptist. 
 
 The only part of the old church that remains is the fine western 
 tower. It is 178 feet high to the battlements, and the 
 pinnacles are 30 feet high, making a total height of 208 feet. 
 The internal construction of the topmost story shews that the 
 tower was intended to have been furnished with a spire, or open 
 lantern like Boston. On the north and south sides, about 30 feet 
 up, is the inscription,— 
 
 men autf mag&nts, 
 
 from which it has been inferred that the youth of both sexes 
 built it to that height. It replaces an older tower, for in 1475 the 
 parish books mention an account “ for poynting of the steeple.” 
 The new tower was commenced about 1509, for we find one 
 parishioner paying 2d. a week “ to the making of the steple,” 
 and the work was clearly in progress in 1510-11. In the accounts 
 for 1527 is a long list of “ paymentes payed to John Otes 
 ffremason, fonde of charite by Roberte Lyversage of Sainte Pet r 
 parishe Diar,’’ amounting in all to £6 13s. 4d. 
 
 The tower was apparently not finished until a few years later, 
 for we find “ church ales ” held at Chaddesden, Brailsford, and 
 Wirksworth, in 1532, which realised as much as ,-£23 3s. 8d. 
 and 8s. nd. respectively at the first two places—a very 
 
 large sum for those times. 
 
9 
 
 The pinnacles and other details have been renewed many 
 times, and the whole tower underwent “restoration” in 1844-5. 
 
 towards the close of the 17th century the old church fell into 
 decay, and the records tell of repeated efforts to repair it, but little 
 real good seems to have been effected. In 1714 the proposal was 
 mooted of building a new church, and, after much opposition, this 
 scheme was carried out in 1723, but only through a subterfuge on 
 the part of the then vicar, Dr. Hutchinson, who was a strong 
 advocate for the rebuilding. 
 
 The present structure, which covers almost exactly the area of the 
 old building, was erected from the designs of James Gibbs, at a cost 
 °f and opened for divine service on November 21st, 1725. 
 
 It consists of a nave and chancel, both with aisles, and is a fair 
 specimen of the then fashionable Roman Doric. The chief 
 feature of the interior is Bakewell’s beautiful ironwork dividing 
 the nave from the chancel. It was originally placed at the second 
 pillar, and was continued right across the church. The chancel 
 aisles were also divided off by similar screens. In T876 all this 
 fine screenwork was most unnecessarily pulled about and mutilated. 
 I he central portion, which had been previously moved a bay 
 further east, was robbed of its gates (which now lie unheeded 
 in a great vault beneath the north aisle); the portions between 
 the aisles were swept away, and their places filled with the 
 side screens, altered to fit their new situations. At the same 
 time the marble altar slab, erected in 1725, which was sup¬ 
 ported on beautiful ironwork, also by Bakewell, was illegally 
 torn down, sacrilegiously defaced by an utterly irrelevant^ in¬ 
 scription, and affixed to the wall near the east door where it 
 still remains ; the ironwork is now in the vestry. The chief 
 monuments include several removed from the old church. 
 An incised slab to John Lawe, sub-dean, circa 1430, and an 
 unique wooden tomb of a canon, probably Robert Johnson, 
 sub-dean, circa 1530, are medieval. Of later ones, the fine 
 tomb of Elizabeth countess of Shrewsbury, the famous “ Bess of 
 Hardwick,” who died 1607 ; that of Sir William Wheler and lady ; 
 of the Allestry family; and Richard Crowshawe, master of the 
 Goldsmiths’ Company, who died 1631, are the most noteworthy. 
 There is also a very quaint epitaph near the east door to Richard 
 Kilby, “ which . lately . was . our . ministere,” “ Hee dyed y e 
 xxi‘!‘ of October, 1617.” The two gaunt figures with accom¬ 
 panying busts on a window sill in the south aisle, formed, until 
 1876, portion of a huge canopied monument, standing in the 
 centre of the south chancel aisle, to William, second earl of 
 Devonshire, who died 1628, his countess Christian, and their 
 four children. 
 
 The font was made in 1662, at a cost of ^3 ns. 8d. 
 
 The gallery was erected in 1733 and extended to each side in 
 
 1841. 
 
IO 
 
 The tower contains a fine ring of ten bells, dating, except the 
 tenor, which is a medieval bell, from 1607 to 1693. The fifth is 
 the “ Bachelers Bell,” having been given principally at the cost 
 of the unmarried men of Derby in 1620, and the eighth was 
 exchanged for an old Ashburne bell in 1815. The nine post¬ 
 reformation bells were all cast at the famous foundry of the 
 Oldfields, at Nottingham. 
 
 The other churches in the town, with the exception of St. Peter’s, 
 have all been rebuilt; St. Alkmund’s in 1844, St. Michael’s in 
 1857, and St. Werburgh’s in 1608 and 1698. 
 
 St. Peter’s church consists of a chancel with north vestry and 
 organ chamber, nave with aisles and north porch, and a western 
 tower. The oldest portions are the responds of the arcades, 
 which are Norman—the pillars and arches are fourteenth century, 
 but have been “ restored” and partly rebuilt. The north aisle is 
 next in point of date, and is of Decorated work. The chancel 
 was built after the north aisle, but has been much “restored.” 
 It was apparently shortened in Perpendicular times. The vestry 
 is of the same age as the chancel, and was originally two-storied, 
 as may be seen by the remains of the stair-well, and the curious 
 squint looking into the chancel. The upper story was rebuilt 
 in 1865. The Decorated south aisle is of subsequent date to the 
 chancel. The windows are of singular type. In 1342 a chantry 
 was established at the altar of our Lady by John de Crich, priest, 
 and others. There was also an altar of St. Nicholas, at which a 
 chantry was founded in 1348 by Adam de Shardlow. 
 
 Robert Lyversage, a wealthy dyer, who has been mentioned 
 above as a benefactor to All Saints, by deed dated Nov. 3, 1529, 
 granted various tenements in Derby to the vicar of St. Peter’s and 
 others as trustees, after the death of himself and his wife, the rents 
 to be given to a chantry priest to say mass daily in a chapel within 
 the parish church for the souls of the said Robert and Alice his 
 wife; and further, that on every Friday thirteen poor folk present 
 at mass should each receive a silver penny, tradition states that 
 the Lyversage chapel was a small screened and canopied structure 
 that stood in the north east angle of the nave. The property 
 left by Robert Lyversage is still held in trust for the_ benefit of 
 the poor of the parish. The nave clerestory is Perpendicular, and 
 of the same date as the east end of the chancel. The 
 roodscreen is partly made up of an old one turned out of 
 Crich church in 1861. The fine church chest should be 
 noticed. It is almost identical in design with those at Bran- 
 cepeth, near Durham, and Wath, near Ripon. The work¬ 
 manship is Flemish, circa 1360. The body of the alms-box 
 is also of old Flemish work, but did not originally belong to 
 the church. There is a very curious slab in the south wall of the 
 south aisle. The tower is early Perpendicular, opening into the 
 
nave by a fine lofty arch. The lower part was recased in 
 i8r7, when a south arch was blocked up. There are five bells, 
 dated 1636 (3), 1738, 1769. 
 
 The church was restored in 1859 and 1865, but is still in 
 need of urgent repair. 
 
 Besides the churches there is very little of antiquarian interest 
 in Derby. Some old houses remain in Tenant Street, Sadler Gate 
 ( 1 6 7 5)5 Walker Lane, and the Wardwick (1611), and there is an 
 old bridge chapel by St. Mary’s Bridge. The County Hall dates 
 from 1660. 1 he Assembly Rooms, in the market place, 
 
 were built between 1763 and 1774. The old silk mill erected by 
 Sir Thos. Lombe in 1^7 is noteworthy as being the first erected 
 in England. It is built on piles in the river, immediately below 
 the east end of All Saints’ church, and is approached through a 
 magnificent pair of wrought-iron gates bearing Lombe’s initials 
 and crest. Another fine pair of gates may be seen a few yards 
 down St. Mary’s Gate. The public buildings of the town are 
 all modern. 
 
 Chapel of St. Mary on the bridge, Derby. 
 
I 2 
 
 KEDLESTON HALL. 
 
 Kedleston Hall is situated about 4 miles north-east of Derby, 
 in a fine deer park of 800 acres, which contains some grand oak 
 trees. The entrance to the park is through a classical archway 
 designed by Adam. The village of Kedleston formerly stood 
 on the site immediately over the bridge when approaching the 
 hall, but was completely cleared away in 1760, and re-built 
 outside the park. Fortunately the church remains intact. The 
 Hall is an imposing looking classical mansion built on the site 
 of an older house by Sir Nathaniel Curzon, and finished about 
 1765. The architect was Robert Adam. It has a frontage of 
 360 feet, and consists of a central and two side blocks connected 
 with the main portion by passages. The columns of the main 
 portico are 30 feet high. The hall is a fine room, with a magni¬ 
 ficent series of twenty alabaster columns, each 25 feet high and 
 2\ feet in diameter. Other fine apartments are the saloon— 
 a circular apartment 42 feet in diameter and 55 feet high, with 
 domed roof—the library, withdrawing room, and music room. 
 Kedleston hall contains a large number of good paintings by 
 Rembrandt, Paul Veronese, Vandyke, Cuyp, Caracci, and others, 
 also some portraits by Sir Godfrey Kneller, and Sir Peter Lely. 
 Lovers of old China will be delighted with the collection of 
 Chelsea and old Derby. 
 
 KEDLESTON CHURCH. 
 
 No mention is made in Domesday Book of a church at Kedleston, 
 but there was certainly one not long after the Conquest, as the 
 present building shows. 
 
 It is a cruciform structure, dedicated to All Saints, consisting 
 of nave, chancel, north and south transepts, and central tower, 
 but there are no aisles to any part of the church. 
 
 The nave is structurally Norman, though the only external 
 feature is the south door with its singular unfinished tympanum. 
 Traces of the original 12th century colouring were disclosed in 
 the autumn of 1884 on the lower part of the walls. The transepts, 
 tower piers, and chancel are of early Decorated date, but the upper 
 stage of the tower does not seem to have been added until later. 
 Clerestories were added to nave and chancel in Perpendicular times, 
 and the high pitched roofs lowered. 
 
 None of the ancient fittings remain. The fine carved oak pews 
 in the chancel, the font, and the quaint eastern gable, date from the 
 commencement of the last century. 
 
 For so small a church there is a considerable number of ancient 
 memorials. 
 
 The earliest of these is a slab of the type of which so many occur 
 in Derbyshire, bearing a cross fleury on steps. It was found over 
 
I 3 
 
 an interment in the nave during the recent repairs. The next is 
 one of a class of monuments almost entirely restricted to Derbyshire. 
 On removing two wooden lids in the chancel floor they will be 
 found to cover two sunk quatrefoils containing respectively the 
 heads of a knight and his lady, circa 1300. These heads are, 
 however, really only slightly sunk in the upper end of a large slab, 
 6 ft. 3J in. long by 3 ft. 10J in. wide, which is covered by the 
 present flooring, but is apparently in situ. It was laid bare in the 
 writer’s presence on January 9, 1885, and found to be devoid 
 of any trace of cross, inscription, or openings shewing the feet. 
 In the south transept is a good effigy of a knight, perhaps John de 
 Curzon who died 1406. By the side of this are the remains of a fine 
 alabaster tomb, with weepers and numerous children on the sides, 
 surmounted by the effigies of a knight and his lady. This is the 
 memorial of Sir John Curzon, who died circa 1450, and his wife 
 Joan, daughter of Sir John Bagot, with their seventeen children. 
 On the chancel floor is a brass to Richard Curzon and Alice 
 Willoughby his wife. He died 1496. There are later Curzon 
 monuments in the south transept and chancel. 
 
 WEDNESDAY, JULY 29 thl 
 
 NORBURY MANOR HOUSE. 
 
 Norbury is a small village 5 miles to the south of Ashburne. 
 It contains two buildings of great interest, the manor house, and 
 the church of St. Mary. At first sight the manor house, which 
 is situated close to the south-west corner of the church, looks like 
 an ordinary farm house about a hundred and fifty years old, but 
 an inspection of the building will soon show that a far more 
 ancient structure is incorporated with it. The manor was originally 
 given by Henry de Ferrers to Tutbury priory, circa 1080, but in 
 1x25 the priory gave Norbury in fee farm to William Fitzherbert 
 at a yearly rental of ioor. It was thus held till 1444 when the 
 Fitzherberts obtained it absolutely by exchange. Of the original 
 manor house we know practically nothing. It was entirely rebuilt 
 by Sir Henry Fitzherbert, who succeeded as fifth lord of Norbury 
 in 1267, and was living in 1310. The new building consisted of 
 two courts, an outer and an inner. The former contained the 
 retainers’ lodgings, stables, and offices ; the latter, the domestic 
 portion. Almost the whole has, however, been demolished, and all 
 that is left are the south and east sides of the inner court. The latter 
 part consists of the great hall. It was always, as now, divided into 
 two stories. The two upper west windows are original. The lower 
 windows have been destroyed. The great chimney was on the 
 
14 
 
 eastern side. The doorway opposite to it is a Perpendicular 
 insertion The door itself has curious pierced traceried openings. 
 The molded beams of the other portion of the house are also of 
 good Perpendicular character. A long inventory drawn up in 
 1567 mentions the hall, over parlour, buttery, kitchen, and other 
 houses of office, and the chambers over the hall. There is some 
 good panelling, with painted black letter texts from the Vulgate, 
 in an upper room of the south wing, known as Sir Anthony Fitz- 
 herbert’s study, and the oak parlour down stairs is also panelled in a 
 singular fashion. There is a good deal of old heraldic and other 
 glass in some of the windows, and on the staircase is a fine set of six 
 medallions of the Seasons. The house was brought into its 
 present conditon in T682, but it has been still further modernised. 
 
 Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, Justice of the Common Pleas, who died 
 in 1538, was the last of the family who was permitted to reside in 
 peace at Norbury. After his death the Fitzherberts were persecuted, 
 imprisoned, robbed of most of their estates, and otherwise shame¬ 
 fully treated for adhering to the old state of religion. After 1648 
 the seat of the family was transferred from Norbury to Swinnerton. 
 
 After continuing in the possession of the Fitzherberts for seven- 
 and-a-half centuries, the manor of Norbury has recently been sold 
 by the present representative of the family, Mr. Fitzherbert of 
 Swinnerton. 
 
 NORBURY CHURCH. 
 
 At the time of the Domesday Survey there was a church and 
 priest on the manor of Norbury. About 1080, the church and its 
 tithes were given by Henry de Ferrers to his new foundation 
 of Tutbury priory. With the grant of the manor to William 
 Fitzherbert by the priory in 1125, was included the advowson of 
 the church, and this was held by the family until Sir Anthony’s 
 death in 1538, when the king claimed it on account of the 
 recusancy of the Fitzherberts. It has since passed through various 
 hands. 
 
 The church is dedicated to St. Mary, and consists of a chancel, 
 nave with north aisle, and tower between two chapels on the 
 south side of the nave. The chancel is very large in proportion 
 to the nave, a peculiarity found in several of the Derbyshire 
 churches, e.g., Dronfield, Sandiacre, Tideswell, and Derby 
 S. Peter. 
 
 The chancel is of late Decorated date, with somewhat singular 
 details. The internal wall arcade, the flowers on the intersections 
 of the window tracery, and the curious parapet, should be noticed. 
 The latter feature dates from the raising of the walls when the 
 chancel was re-roofed during the rectorate, and at the expense of 
 Henry Prince, towards the close of the fifteenth century. The nave 
 arcade is of Decorated date, but the aisle was rebuilt by Nicholas 
 
i5 
 
 Fitzherbert before 1473 5 he also added the clerestory. The tower 
 and adjacent chapels are somewhat later. The font is Early 
 English. 
 
 The church is remarkable for the number and beauty of its 
 monuments, and also for the amount of old glass it contains. 
 
 In the chancel floor are three good grave slabs, and there are 
 several more or less worn alabaster slabs. In the centre of the 
 chancel is an effigy of a knight in chain armour and surcoat. 
 This commemorates Sir Henry Fitzherbert, fifth lord of Norbury, 
 who was living in 1310. He rebuilt the great hall of the manor 
 house. On the south side of the chancel is a splendid tomb to 
 Sir Nicholas Fitzherbert, who died 1473. It formerly stood in 
 the south east chapel. The two ladies on the west end of the 
 tomb are probably the knight’s two wives. The little figure of an 
 angel supporting the tip of the knight’s right foot is singular. 
 
 On the north side of the chancel is another fine tomb to Sir 
 Ralph Fitzherbert [ob. 1483) and Elizabeth his wife, whose 
 effigies it sustains. The tomb has been removed from the east 
 end of the north aisle. There is a curious little bedesman placed 
 beneath the tip of the knight’s right foot. Both these knights’ 
 effigies have the Yorkist collar of suns and roses, but the earlier 
 has the white lion of the house of March, and the later the white 
 boar of Richard III., as pendants. 
 
 The “ weepers ” on both tombs afford good illustrations of the 
 costume of the period. 
 
 The south-west chapel contains a plain altar tomb to John 
 Fitzherbert, who died 1531. By his will, dated 1517, he desired 
 his body to be buried at Norbury, “ under the newe made arche 
 benethe the steple, or else where God shall otherwyse dispose it.” 
 
 There is a large slab in the floor of the chancel with brasses 
 to Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, “ one of the King’s Justices of the 
 Common Bench,” who died 1538, his two wives (only one is 
 represented), and their children. All the loose parts of the brass 
 are palimpsest. 
 
 With regard to the painted glass, the eight side windows of the 
 chancel retain for the most part their original glazing, though 
 some of the shields and nearly all the tracery lights are “ restora¬ 
 tions.” The east window has lost its original glazing, and now 
 contains glass removed from other parts of the church in 1842. 
 The south-east chapel fortunately retains its old glazing in situ. 
 That in the east window shows SS. Winifred, Anne, and Sitha ; 
 that in the south, SS. John Baptist, Burlock, and Anthony. 
 
 ASHBURNE CHURCH. 
 
 Ashburne is 13 miles distant from Derby. The road passes 
 through the villages of Mackworth, Kirk Langley, and Brailsford. 
 
The town of Ashburne is situated in a rich valley, watered by a 
 small stream called the Schoo or Henmore, a tributary of the 
 Dove. There are some interesting old houses, and at the eastern 
 extremity of the town is the Hall, the ancient seat of the Cokaynes, 
 but it has been rebuilt and now belongs to Mr. Frank. It contains 
 some curious relics of the visit of prince Charles Edward Stuart 
 in 1745. In the main street of Ashburne is the grammar school, 
 a plain Elizabethan structure. The school was founded on the 
 petition of Thomas Cokayne and others by royal letters patent in 
 
 1585- 
 
 The chief attraction of the town is the church, distinguished by 
 its fine lofty spire, called “ the Pride of the Peak.” 
 
 The Domesday Survey mentions a church with a priest at 
 Ashburne. The church was given by William Rufus, in 1093, to 
 the cathedral church of Lincoln, and with the exception of a brief 
 interval, temp. Henry III., when the advowson was illegally seized 
 by the king, it remained with the dean of Lincoln until the present 
 reign, when it was transferred to the bishop of the diocese. A 
 chantry was founded in the church by Henry Kniveton, rector of 
 Norbury, in 1392, “ to synge masse at the altar of the Holy Cross.” 
 A second chantry was also founded in 1483, by John Bradburne 
 and Anne his wife. 
 
 The church consists of chancel; nave with south aisle; north 
 and south transepts, each with eastern aisle ; and central tower 
 with lofty spire. The total length internally is 176 feet. 
 
 Of the Norman church no remains exist, save an odd stone or 
 two found during the repairs. The chancel and transepts are of 
 the Early English period, though not all of one date. They must, 
 however, be prior to 1241, in which year, as a contemporary inscrip¬ 
 tion on a brass plate, now affixed to the south-east tower-pier, 
 records, the church was consecrated “in honore sancti Oswaldi 
 regis et martiris a venerabili patre domino Hugone de Patishull 
 Coventrensi episcopo.” 
 
 The ground plan was completed in the Decorated period by the 
 rebuilding of the nave, adding to it a south aisle, and erecting 
 the central tower. Sundry windows were inserted during this 
 period, and the tower was completed and capped by the fine spire, 
 which is 212 ft. high. The ball flower on the angles points to the 
 time of Edward II. During the Perpendicular period the walls 
 were raised by the addition of clerestories, large windows were 
 inserted in the chancel and south transept, and new roofs put on 
 throughout. The north transept was the Lady chapel, and the 
 south transept was known as the Bradburne quire. 1 he whole 
 of the ancient fittings have been swept away, except the screen- 
 work in the north transept. 
 
 All the important monuments in the church are now placed in the 
 north transept and its aisle. The earliest is an altar tomb, with fine 
 
17 
 
 alabaster effigies of John Cokayne (not in armour), who died in 
 r 37 2 ? ar *d his son Edmund, killed at the battle of Shrewsbury in 
 1404.. The next monument is that of Sir John Cokayne, who 
 died in 1447, and his first wife Jane, daughter of Sir John 
 Dabridgecourt. These effigies are drawn in vol. VII. of the Journal 
 of the British Archaeological Association, where a small shield is 
 shown as^ lying near the lady’s feet, bearing apparently the arms 
 of Harthill, two bars. On the strength of this, more than one 
 genealogist has endeavoured to prove certain facts, but the object 
 is really only a broken off portion of the knights’ solleret ! ! A 
 third altar tomb bears an alabaster slab, with incised effigies of Sir 
 I homas Cokayne, who died 1537, and his wife Barbara 
 (Fitzherbert.) A fourth tomb is placed under the north window. 
 It bears brasses to Francis Cokayne [ob. 1538), and Dorothy 
 (Marrowe) his wife. This is the only brass now remaining in the 
 county which has a canopy over the figures. The last of the 
 Cokayne tombs is a fine mural one to Sir Thomas Cokayne {ob. 
 1 59 2 )j an d Dorothea (Ferrers) his wife. There is also here a 
 monument, removed from the south transept in 1840, to Sir 
 Humphrey Bradburne, who died in 1581, and Elizabeth (Turvyle) 
 his wife. I he only other medieval memorial of note is an orna¬ 
 mental recess in the chancel, opposite the sedilia, but this is 
 perhaps the Easter sepulchre. In the north transept, with the 
 Cokayne monuments, is Banks’ famous figure of Penelope 
 Boothby, who died in 1791, a t the age of seven. There is some 
 good early glass in the north transept and some remains of heraldic 
 glass in the east window. A singular bracket in the north transept 
 that formerly sustained the image of St. Modvven deserves notice. 
 The font is Early English. 
 
 LONGFORD CHURCH. 
 
 At the time of Domesday Survey, Longford was known as 
 Bubedene and possessed a priest and a church. About 1145 the 
 advowson was given by Nicholas de Gresley to Kenilworth priory, 
 but two centuries later it was again in lay hands. In 1343 a 
 vicarage was formally ordained by the bishop and until 1863 there 
 were both rectors and vicars of Longford. 
 
 The church is dedicated to St. Chad. It consists of chancel, 
 nave with aisles and south porch, and a western tower. The nave 
 is structurally Norman, but the aisles and chancel are of Decorated 
 date, though not contemporary. The tower is a fine lofty Perpen¬ 
 dicular one. The nave clerestories belong to the same period. 
 
 There are some good monuments, but they have been most 
 capriciously moved about from time to time. In the chancel 
 north wall is an effigy of a priest vested for mass. Of the series of 
 Longford knightly effigies, the earliest is that now in the south 
 2 
 
i8 
 
 aisle, with camail and jupon ; the arch under which it lies is not its 
 proper home. The effigy originally here now lies in the chancel, 
 on the north side. The crest on the helm under the head is very 
 remarkable. A third effigy lies on the south side of the chancel, 
 clad in complete plate, with an orle round the bascinet. These 
 three figures seem to represent Sir Nicholas Longford, ob. 1356 ; 
 his son Nicholas, ob. 1401, and a third Sir Nicholas, who died in 
 1416. Yet another Sir Nicholas Longford is commemorated by 
 an alabaster effigy in the north-east corner of the chancel. He 
 died in 1610. His wife’s effigy lies in the opposite corner. 
 
 The east ends of the aisles were formerly screened off to form 
 chapels, but the screens were demolished in 1826, and the various 
 tombs broken up and the effigies distributed about the church. 
 
 The base and part of the shaft of the churchyard cross remain. 
 
 The road from Rocester to Derby which passes through Long¬ 
 ford, is, for most of its course, principally the latter half, identical 
 with the old Roman way to Derventio. 
 
 THURSDAY, JULY 30 th. 
 
 CHESTERFIELD CHURCH. 
 
 This is a fine cruciform church, principally of good Decorated 
 work. It is chiefly remarkable for its spire, which is of wood 
 covered with lead, but the heat of the sun has warped and twisted 
 it in the most extraordinary manner, and it is now six feet out of 
 the perpendicular. The church contains much interesting wood¬ 
 work, and a number of tombs of the Foljambes. 
 
 There are some quaint remains of the old town, notably in the 
 ‘ Shambles.” 
 
 HARDWICK HALL. 
 
 This is seven miles distant from Chesterfield. It is situated in 
 a deer-park of 620 acres. The hall is a fine specimen of Eliza¬ 
 bethan architecture, and is in plan a parallelogram, the longest 
 side being 209 feet long. It has six towers which are about 100 
 feet high. The parapet is of open work, with the initials, etc., of 
 the countess of Shrewsbury, who built it. The range of enormous 
 windows along the front has given rise to the local saying— 
 
 “ Hardwick Hall, 
 
 More glass than wall.” 
 
 The building was erected between 1590 and 1597, probably from 
 the designs of the Smithsons, by the famous “ Bess of Hardwick.” 
 She was married four times:—(1) to Robert Barley; (2) to Sir 
 
r 9 
 
 William Cavendish ; (3) to Sir William St. Loe, and (4) to George 
 earl of Shrewsbury. After her fourth husband’s death, she 
 developed a passion for building. She built great houses at 
 Chatsworth, Hardwick, and Worksop, and was engaged upon a 
 fourth, at Owlcoates, when she died in 1607, at the age of eighty- 
 seven. She had previously erected her own monument in the 
 church of All Saints, Derby, where she is buried. 
 
 Hardwick Hall. 
 
 The chief features at Hardwick are the chapu , which contains 
 some fine pieces of medieval embroidery; the dining-room, 
 a wainscotted apartment, with some interesting portraits ; the 
 bedroom, with curious hangings; the drawing-room , which is 
 partly panelled, partly hung with tapestry illustrating the story of 
 Esther and Ahasuerus; the staircase, with tapestry representing 
 the story of Hero and Leander; the state-room, a fine large 
 chamber with good tapestry, a great state bed, and a curious 
 plaster frieze—the furniture should also be noticed ; the library, 
 with portraits of Geoffrey Hudson by Vandyke, “ Bess of 
 Hardwick,” and others; Mary queen of Scots’ room, with a 
 splendidly embroidered bed of black velvet, which, with other 
 work in this apartment, is attributed to the unfortunate queen 
 Mary. There is also the picture gallery, a grand room, nearly 
 
20 
 
 170 feet long, 22 feet wide, and 26 feet high, which extends almost 
 the whole length of the east front of the house. It is lighted by 
 eighteen huge windows, and the walls are covered with old 
 tapestry. Among the portraits are those of queen Elizabeth and 
 queen Mary ; of Arabella Stuart when a child; a cartoon, by 
 Holbein, of Henry VII., and of Henry VIII. as prince of Wales; 
 of James V. of Scotland, and his queen, Mary of Lorraine; 
 and the famous one of Mary queen of Scots, taken in her 
 thirty-sixth year, and the tenth of her captivity; of lady Jane 
 Grey ; also a large number of royal and other later portraits. 
 
 Close to the Hall are some remains of an older structure. 
 
 A drive of about nine miles brings us to 
 
 WINFIELD MANOR HOUSE. 
 
 We have here, situated on an eminence, remains of a most 
 extensive mansion erected by Ralph lord Cromwell, in the reign 
 of Henry VI. It consists of two great courts, the whole having 
 an extreme length of 416 feet, with an average width of about 220 
 feet. The great gate-house is in the south-west angle of the outer, 
 or south court. On the left is a fine old barn, but the remainder 
 of the south, and the whole of the east and west sides, have been 
 ruined. The block between the two courts contains another gate¬ 
 house, but the western portion of the range has been modernised 
 internally. The east end of this block terminates in a lofty tower, 
 from the summit of which is a good view of the surrounding 
 country. The west side of the inner court has been nearly all 
 pulled down. It is said to have contained the apartments which 
 Mary queen of Scots occupied during her enforced stay here. 
 On the north side is the great hall, with a beautiful oriel window, 
 and well-designed porch opening into the screens. This fine hall 
 was most cruelly treated in the seventeenth century by being cut 
 into two stories, each with a number of rooms. The partition 
 walls have only been removed of late years. Owing to the fall of 
 the ground, the hall is built upon an undercroft, which has a fine 
 vaulted roof, carried by a central row of columns. At the west end 
 are the kitchen, butteries, etc., with the necessary, .cellarage. 
 Along the north face of the hall was a pentice leading to the 
 chapel, a detached building on the north-east, which appears to 
 have been almost wholly demolished by the construction of 
 a great ditch round this corner of the place during the civil 
 wars. 
 
 The next possessors of Winfield manor house to lord Cromwell 
 were the earls of Shrewsbury, who held it until the death of the 
 sixth earl in 1616. During the civil war, Winfield was held by 
 the earl of Pembroke for the Parliament, but it was captured by 
 the Royalists in 1643—the Roundheads, however, recaptured it in 
 
 
WiNFieLP 
 
 - * 
 
21 
 
 the following year. It was seemingly partially demolished by 
 order of the Parliament in 1646. 
 
 At a later period it became the property of the Haltons, one of 
 whom, in 1744, pulled much of it down to build a new house at the 
 foot of the hill. Since then it has been allowed to fall into ruin. 
 
 FRIDAY, JULY 31 st. 
 
 BAKEWELL CHURCH. 
 
 Bakewell was anciently a place of some importance, for at the 
 time of the Domesday Survey it possessed a church and two 
 priests, a distinction only shared by Repton, the old capital of 
 the Marchland. The old-English church was replaced by a 
 Norman one circa 111 o, parts of which yet remain. The church was 
 granted in 1192 by John earl of Mortain to the cathedral 
 church of Lichfield, which still possesses it. There were two 
 chantries here. The one, that of our Lady, was founded by the 
 Vernons, but its date is unknown. The other was dedicated to 
 the Holy Cross, and founded by Sir Godfrey Foljambe and Avena 
 his wife, circa 1344. 
 
 The church is dedicated to All Saints, and consists of a chancel, 
 north transept, large south transept with eastern aisle, a nave with 
 aisles and south porch, and a central tower, octagonal at top, 
 and surmounted by a spire.* In 1841, the building underwent 
 “restoration ” to such an extent that very little of the old fabric 
 remains—almost all the nave, the central tower, and the south 
 transept, having been completely rebuilt. The chancel is curious 
 in having two east windows. It also contains a good piscina and 
 sedilia, and some of the old stallwork with quaint misericordes. 
 Until 1842 there remained the base of the Decorated stone rood 
 screen. Stone rood screens still exist at Chelmorton and Ilkeston 
 in this county. There is a fine wooden screen in the south transept, 
 and a huge chest with numerous fastenings. Some of the old 
 beams are reworked in the nave and aisle roofs. The west end 
 of the nave is the original Norman work. 
 
 The Decorated font is curious. Its eight sides contain figures 
 of saints under canopies. 
 
 Some good monuments remain. The most remarkable is a 
 small mural one of alabaster, in the south aisle, to Sir Godfrey 
 Foljambe {ob. 1377), and Avena (Ireland) his wife; they founded 
 the chantry of the Holy Cross. In the south transept aisle, or 
 
 * The accompanying historical ground-plan shows the growth of the 
 building. 
 
22 
 
 “ Vernon chapel,” is a tomb with effigy to Sir Thomas Wendes- 
 ley, who was killed at the battle of Shrewsbury in 1403. Of the 
 Vernon and Manners tombs, the earliest is that in the chancel to 
 John Vernon, who died 1477. The others are in the “Vernon 
 
 chapel.” The one in the centre commemorates Sir George 
 Vernon and his two wives. Sir George died in 1567, and it is 
 evident that the tomb was erected in his life-time, for the dates are 
 left blank. At the south end of the chapel is the tomb of Dorothy 
 Vernon and Sir John Manners, who died in 1611 and 1584 
 respectively; the monument is a good example of the period. 
 At the opposite end of the chapel is a large and more elaborate 
 monument to Sir George Manners and his wife Grace (Pierre- 
 point). He died in 1623, and this tomb was erected by his 
 
 Bakewell church. 
 
24 
 
 widow. There is a fourth tomb against the east wall to John 
 Manners, who died in 1590. 
 
 The most noteworthy feature about Bakewell church is the un¬ 
 rivalled collection of early memorials found during the repairs 
 between 1841 and 1851. There are about sixty fragments now 
 preserved in the porch, and almost as many others were removed 
 to the Bateman museum at Lomberdale House. They consist 
 of gravestones, headstones, coped tombs, pieces of crosses, etc. 
 A fine Anglian cross is still standing in the churchyard. There 
 is a very quaint epitaph to one Philip Roe, on a gravestone on the 
 left hand going up to the church. 
 
 HADDON HALL. 
 
 This most interesting place is about two miles south of Bakewell, 
 on the hill side, overlooking the river Wye. 
 
 At the time of the Domesday Survey, the manor belonged to 
 the crown, but shortly afterwards it was in the hands of William 
 
 Entrance to the nave, Haddon chapel. 
 
 Peverel. On his death it passed with his daughter and co-heiress 
 
S 4 ^ 
 
 S bl §-=8 
 
 -I I 
 
 E? S5 
 
 < « 0 £> H 
 
 IKE GKOUKO riOOK OF 1ABD0M MAM* 
 
2 5 
 
 Alice to Richard Vernon. It remained with the Vernons till the 
 death of Sir George Vernon about 1570, when it passed with 
 Dorothy, his second daughter, to her husband, Sir John Manners, 
 to which family, or rather to the duke of Rutland, it still belongs. 
 
 The plan of the building is roughly a parallelogram, divided 
 into two courts by the hall and kitchen range. The average 
 length and breadth are 250 and 150 feet respectively. The 
 original entrance was at the north-east angle, beneath the “ Eagle 
 tower,” but since the diversion of the road that once ran above 
 the Hall, the chief door-way has been at the north-west corner. 
 On entering here we find ourselves in the inner court. The north 
 and west sides contain various living-rooms, etc. • the hall and 
 buttery, etc., form the east side, and on the south is a curtain- 
 wall, with rooms above, and the chapel. 
 
 The chapel is entered through a vestibule in the north-west 
 corner of the court. It consists of a nave with aisles of unequal 
 width, and a chancel with north-west turret. There are works of 
 many dates here, including Norman, Early English, Decorated, 
 Perpendicular, and Jacobean. The holy-water stoup resembles a 
 small font. The font itself is probably Norman. Most of the 
 woodwork is circa 1624, but there are remains of the medieval 
 fittings. Below the east windows of the chancel and south aisle 
 lie the altar slabs. The sill of the east window—which contains 
 some beautiful old glass, put in in 1427—has three recesses cut 
 in it, perhaps for the crucifix and candlesticks. The other 
 windows retain some of their old glazing. There are considerable 
 remains of mural paintings. The chaplain’s rooms were on the 
 first-floor of the west side of the court, and not where the guides 
 point out. Crossing the court, and entering by the late fourteenth 
 century porch, which contains a Roman altar, we find ourselves 
 in the “screens.” To the left are four doorways:—(1) opens 
 into the buttery, which retains its door with wicket, and other of 
 its furniture—in one corner a flight of steps leads down to the 
 beer cellar, etc. ; (2) leads down a sloping passage to the great 
 kitchen, which has two huge fire-places, with a formidable array 
 of spits, hooks, etc., and most of its old fittings—adjoining are 
 various larders and sculleries; (3) is the wine-cellar door; and 
 (4) is the door to a flight of stairs, leading to the upper chambers 
 on this side, several of which contain some very fine tapestry. 
 The two usual doors in the screens open into the hall (35 ft. by 
 25 ft.), a lofty room, chiefly of early Decorated date, with its dais, 
 gallery, oriel, and high table complete. But the original roof and 
 its lantern have given place to the present poor substitute. A 
 door in the south-east corner leads to a most interesting apartment 
 behind the hall. Notice its beautiful panelling, the heraldic 
 glass, the fire-place and its “dogs,” the painted ceiling, and the 
 charming oriel. 
 
26 
 
 Returning to the hall, a stone stair leads, on the right, to a 
 room with some good tapestry, and a fine fire-place and fire-dogs. 
 Beyond are several smaller apartments with tapestried hangings. 
 
 The chancel, Haddon chapel 
 
 Returning to the top of the stair, an ascent of several solid oak 
 steps leads into the long gallery , a magnificent room (109 ft. 
 long by 18 ft. wide), which forms the south side of the outer 
 court. It is panelled throughout, and has a good ceiling. . A 
 door near the upper end opens into an ante-room, out of which 
 is a strongly barred door leading into the gardens. This is always 
 
27 
 
 pointed out by the guides as the door through which Dorothy 
 Vernon eloped to join her lover, John Manners ; but unfortunately 
 the romantic story is a purely modern fiction. 
 
 Beyond this ante-room is the state bed-room, which contains 
 a great state bed, with most beautiful embroidery of fifteenth 
 century date. The walls are hung with tapestry illustrative of 
 HUsop’s Fables, and over the fire-place is Orpheus charming the 
 beasts with his music. There is a good old table and looking- 
 glass in the oriel. A few steps in the wall lead into the page's 
 room, which is hung with tapestry. More steps lead into the 
 archers' room, where there is a rack for stringing the cross-bows; 
 and proceeding on and up the staircase, the summit of the Eagle 
 tower is gained, whence there is a fine view. The outer court 
 is surrounded by various offices. On descending the tower, and 
 passing through “ Dorothy Vernon’s ” door, a few steps lead 
 down to the terrace, and upper and lower gardens, but the latter 
 is now an overgrown wilderness. 
 
 Haddon Hall has been uninhabited since 1703. 
 
 It is not generally known that there is a most remarkable 
 parallel in plan and arrangement between Haddon Hall and 
 Queen’s College, Cambridge, the only real difference being in 
 the position of the gate-house. 
 
 ARBOR LOW. 
 
 About four miles beyond, Youlgreave, and a short distance 
 from the road to the left, is the prehistoric monument known 
 as Arbor Low. 
 
 It consists of a circular platform 173 feet in diameter, with an 
 outer circle formed of some thirty odd stones, once probably erect 
 and in pairs, but now prostrate and broken. In the centre are 
 several large stones which may have formed a cist. 
 
 The whole is surrounded by a vallum, with an inner ditch—an 
 almost unique feature. There are entrances on the north and 
 south. Close to the latter is a small barrow which was opened 
 in 1845, and found to contain a cist with burnt bones. 
 
 About 350 yards to the south-west is a sepulchral mound, 
 known as Gib Hill, once connected with Arbor Low by an 
 earthern rampart; and a short distance further on is the Roman 
 way from Buxton to (probably) Wirksworth. 
 
 Arbor Low has been scheduled under the Ancient Monuments 
 Act. In size it ranks amongst the six largest stone circles known. 
 
 YOULGREAVE CHURCH. 
 
 The church of All Saints, Youlgreave, consists of chancel, 
 nave with aisles and south porch, and western tower. The nave 
 and aisles are for the most part Norman, though both the latter 
 
28 
 
 have been widened at a later date. The chancel and western 
 tower are Perpendicular; the clerestory seems later. The nave 
 extends 27 feet further west than its aisles. The church was 
 restored by Mr. Norman Shaw in 1869-70. Some of the old 
 fittings that remained have been worked up. 
 
 There is a curious little figure in the north wall of the nave, but 
 the most remarkable object is the font, which has a small holy 
 water stoup attached to the side, supported by a fearful beast. 
 This font was formerly in the neighbouring church of Elton. 
 
 In the chancel is a good effigy of a cross-legged knight; there 
 is also a small altar-tomb with miniature figure in armour to 
 Thomas Cockayne, who died 1488. Against the east end of the 
 south aisle is a piece of carved alabaster, apparently a combina¬ 
 tion of reredos and monument. It is dated 1492. 
 
 There is also a small brass in the south aisle to Frideswide 
 Gilbert (1604). 
 
 In the north aisle is a large monument to Roger Rowe, who 
 died 1613, and his wife. 
 
 The glass in the east window, representing our Lord and the 
 four Evangelists, is the work of Messrs. Morris & Co., after 
 designs by Mr. Burne Jones. 
 
 The “ Peacock,” Rowsley. 
 
2 9 
 
 SATURDAY, AUGUST 1 st. 
 
 SAWLEY CHURCH. 
 
 The manor of Sawley, or Sallowe, at the time of the Domesday 
 Survey, pertained to the bishop of Chester—Peter bishop of 
 Lichfield having moved the see thither in 1067. It then had a 
 priest and two churches—probably Sawley and Wilne. But Sawley 
 belonged to the see of Lichfield at a much earlier date, for ever 
 since the first institution of prebendaries at Lichfield by bishop 
 HCthelwald in 822, there has been a prebendary of Sawley. Since 
 r255 the church of Sawley has been attached to the office of 
 treasurer of the cathedral church. Sawley was made a vicarage 
 in 1266, but continued so only for about two centuries. 
 
 A chantry of the Blessed Virgin Mary was founded here by 
 Ralph de Chaddesden, treasurer of Lichfield, inter 1259-1266. 
 
 The church is dedicated to All Saints, and is chiefly remarkable 
 for the remains of its ancient fittings and arrangements. It con¬ 
 sists of a chancel, nave with aisles and south porch, and western 
 tower and spire. 
 
 The chancel arch and a fragment of the north wall of the 
 chancel seem to be part of the pre-Norman church. The next 
 work in point of date is the west end of the north aisle, which has 
 belonged to a narrower aisle than the present one. The nave and 
 aisles seem to have been rebuilt a little later. The Burton 
 Chartulary records that Ralph de Chaddesden built the “ chapel 
 of the blessed Mary ” when founding his chantry, between 1259 and 
 1266. The north aisle was the Lady chapel. The aisle windows 
 coarsely resemble the late Decorated ones in the south aisle of 
 St. Peter’s, Derby. The chancel is Decorated, but the east 
 window is a “restoration.” The other chancel windows are not 
 all of the same date. A curious late Perpendicular recess 
 has been built out at the west end of the south side of the chancel, 
 simply as a receptacle of a tomb. The steeple is singular in 
 having no real tower arch, but instead a solid wall pierced with a 
 door. This wall has original corbels to support a western gallery. 
 Both tower and spire are Perpendicular. There is also a cleres¬ 
 tory of the same period, with a good roof with bosses, but this is 
 apparently of two dates. The weather-mold of a high-pitched 
 roof remains on the tower. 
 
 At a short distance from the east end of the chancel a solid wall 
 is built about eight feet high. The space behind forms the vestry, 
 and is entered by a door on the north side, which has some good 
 ironwork. This wall is an insertion, and partly blocks up the old 
 
3 ° 
 
 piscina. Another one was therefore made in the corner of the 
 sill of the Perpendicular south window, which sill also forms the 
 sedilia. On the opposite side is a good double locker, which has 
 lost its doors. The medieval chancel seats still remain, returned 
 against the Perpendicular wood-screen. They are singularly 
 massive. The aisles retain considerable portions of the parcloses 
 which screened them off, and a number of the old benches have 
 escaped destruction. The pulpit is of good Jacobean work. The 
 font is a plain octagonal stone. The church contains no less than 
 four effigies of priests; three in mass vestments, the fourth in the 
 dress of a secular canon. Two of these lie in the porch, a third is 
 in the vestry behind the altar, but the fourth fortunately stands in 
 its original position in the south chancel recess. 
 
 There is a canopied tomb in the north wall of the chancel, and 
 another tomb at the east end of the nave, with brasses of members 
 of the Bothe family. 
 
 SAN DIACRE CHURCH. 
 
 This church is dedicated to St. Giles, and consists of a chancel, 
 nave, and west tower with spire. The nave and chancel arch 
 are Norman ; but portions of the church may be Saxon. The 
 chancel is a large and fine one of Decorated date, with rather 
 curious details. The window tracery is very good, and the sedilia 
 and piscina should be noticed. There is a singular gravestone on 
 the chancel floor. The font is early Perpendicular. 
 
 There was a priest and a church here at the time of the 
 Domesday Survey. 
 
 The church was given by bishop Roger Longespee to his 
 cathedral church of Lichfield, circa 1280, for the endowment of 
 a prebendary of Sandiacre. 
 
 DALE ABBEY. 
 
 ihe earliest ecclesiastical fame of Dale is in connection with its 
 hermitage. A certain baker, who lived in Derby, a religious and 
 God-fearing man, and very good to the poor, was bidden by the 
 blessed Virgin in a vision to go and leave all that he had and go 
 to Depedale, and there to serve her and her Son. On awaking, 
 he forthwith set out, and having found the place by accident, he 
 cut out for himself a home in the rock, and there served God 
 day and night in the midst of great privations. Some time after 
 he was discovered by Ralph Fitz-Geremund, the lord of the place, 
 who was at first indignant at a person daring to make a habitation 
 in his wood without permission. But after hearing his tale he so 
 pitied his miserable case, that he gave him the tithes of the mill of 
 Borrowash for his support. The hermit’s piety did not, however, 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 DOMUS N ECESSARIA 
 
3i 
 
 escape the envy of the great enemy of mankind, who tried his 
 faith and constancy in every way. So the hermit left his rocky 
 abode and removed a little further west, where he found a spring, 
 beside which he made himself a hut and an oratory where he 
 spent the rest of his days. 
 
 The hermit’s cell still remains in the wood overhanging the 
 dale, just beyond the church, and his hut and oratory and well 
 are represented by the church and the adjoining house, close to 
 which is his well. 
 
 The church is a singular little building, principally Perpen¬ 
 dicular, but with traces of much older work, consisting of a 
 chancel and nave with south aisle. It retains some of its old 
 fittings. The font has figures of the Crucifix and the blessed 
 Virgin. 
 
 The adjoining house was, until a year or two ago, a most 
 picturesque half-timbered edifice, with a door connecting it with 
 the church, both house and church being practically under one 
 roof. 
 
 The abbey of St. Mary “ de Parco Stanley ” or Dale, was founded 
 about 1150, by Serlo de Grendon, lord of Badeley, who estab¬ 
 lished here a prior and five canons from Calke, a house of black 
 canons near Repton. These canons built themselves a church 
 and offices, but after a time they became relax in their obedience 
 to the rule, and began to hold themselves too remissly in the 
 services of God, and to frequent the forest more than the church. 
 They were therefore removed by order of the king. Their places 
 were taken by six canons from Tupholme, a house of white canons 
 in Lincolnshire. In spite of the gift of Stanley Park their sojourn 
 was spent in great poverty, and after enduring it for seven years, 
 they were recalled by their abbot. 
 
 William de Grendon, son of Serlo, then obtained five other 
 white canons from Welbeck, but, meeting with similar misfortunes 
 to their Lincolnshire brethren, they too returned after a brief stay 
 to their mother house. 
 
 We now come to the final foundation of this abbey. William, 
 son of Ralph Fitz-Geremund, had recently purchased the vill of 
 Stanley, and purposed bestowing it on his daughter Matilda, who 
 had seven years before married Geoffrey de Salicosa-Mara. But 
 Geoffrey and Matilda being childless, obtained his consent to 
 apply it to founding a house of white canons in Stanley Park, 
 which William de Grendon furthered by endowing it with the 
 house of Depedale. With this encouragement, Geoffrey and 
 Matilda visited Newhouse, the mother abbey of the white canons, 
 and obtained thence nine canons, who were established in the 
 new monastery. The date of this event is circa 1200. The abbey 
 was suppressed in 1540, and as no parochial rights were involved, 
 was ruined piecemeal. A good deal, however, remained at the 
 
32 
 
 beginning of the last century, but in our day only one arch is 
 left standing. 
 
 In 1878 and 1879 the site was carefully excavated by the 
 Derbyshire Arch geological Society, when most of the ground plan 
 of the church, with the chapterhouse and part of the claustral 
 buildings was laid open. The accompanying plan shows the 
 extent of the excavations, which were productive of many interest¬ 
 ing details, including a unique effigy of a canon of the Order, and 
 several good slabs. All the smaller objects found are preserved 
 in a wooden hut built over the chapter-house, which also contains 
 the effigy and other monuments in situ. 
 
 MORLEY CHURCH. 
 
 This church is dedicated to St. Matthew, and consists of a 
 chancel and nave, both with aisles, a south porch, and western 
 tower with spire. It contains a fine series of monuments, and 
 some good old glass. The nave opens into the aisles by two 
 Norman arches on each side, which are pierced through older 
 walls. The chancel is Decorated. The later work of the church 
 is of peculiar interest, on account of its being dated. A brass in 
 the north aisle to Ralph de Stathum, who died 1380, states that 
 he caused “ istam capellam ” to be built, and that his widow 
 Godithe “ presentem ecclesiam cum campanili de novo construxit.” 
 She died in 1418. A second brass ascribes the reconstruction of 
 the church and steeple to Godithe and her son Richard, who died 
 1391, and its completion to the year 1403. The older parts of 
 the aisles, with the tower and spire, are clearly the work thus dated. 
 The porch is early Decorated, and is said, but apparently without 
 authority, to have been brought here from Dale abbey. 
 
 There is a brass in the north aisle with figures of John Stathum 
 (1ob . 1434) and Cecily, his wife, praying to St. Christopher. The 
 inscription records that John gave to the church three bells. One 
 of the three still hangs in the tower, but the other two have been 
 re-cast. To this person may be due the building of the chancel- 
 aisle and nave clerestory. There are several other brasses to the 
 Stathums, three of which bear figures of St. Christopher. The 
 later tombs belong to the Sacheverells. 
 
 At the dissolution of Dale abbey in 1540, certain of the win¬ 
 dows, with the painted glass they contained, were set up here in 
 the north aisle, which was enlarged to accommodate them. There 
 were originally five, but only two retain the old glazing, and one 
 of those has been very much “restored.” The east window of the 
 north aisle has some very fine glass, with figures of the blessed 
 Virgin, St. Ursula and the eleven virgins, and St. Mary Magdalen, 
 with subjects from the Te Deum below. It is doubtful whether 
 this is Dale abbey glass. The first north window is from Dale, 
 
33 
 
 and represents the legend of the Holy Cross, in compartments. 
 The next window contains, in similar compartments, the quaint 
 history of St. Robert of Knaresborough, but much of the glass is 
 modern. The east window of the south aisle has good memorial 
 glass to John Sacheverell (ob. 1485) and his wife, Joan Stathum. 
 The chief figures are SS. Peter and Elizabeth. The first south 
 window is very good. It has figures of St. Roger, St. John of 
 Bridlington, and St. William of York, with the four evangelists in 
 the centre. The next window is patchwork, but has one or two 
 beautiful fragments. There are many good tiles in the flooring, one 
 has the Stathum arms with three bells in the angles, and probably 
 commemorates John Stathum’s gift to the church. 
 
 In the churchyard is the stump of the cross, and just inside the 
 rectory gate is another, but nearly perfect, This is not in situ. 
 
 A drive of two miles brings us to 
 
 BREADSALL CHURCH. 
 
 This church consists of a chancel, nave with north aisle and 
 south porch, and a good western tower and spire. It is dedicated 
 to All Saints. The earliest part of the church is the south door¬ 
 way, which is of late Norman character. It retains a medieval 
 door with scroll hinges. The Early English period is represented 
 by the tower, and (in part) the chancel. The battlements of the 
 tower, and the spire, are later. During the first part of the 
 Decorated period the north aisle was erected, and later still the 
 south wall of the nave and chancel was rebuilt, and the three 
 square-headed windows inserted. (These should be compared 
 with those at Tideswell.) At the same time the chancel arch was 
 removed. The eastern bay of the chancel has Perpendicular 
 windows. 
 
 The church contains very little of interest, except a very fine 
 alabaster figure of our Lady of Pity, found under the floor in 
 1877, and a curious old double reading desk with eight chained 
 books. 
 
 The building underwent “restoration” in 1877, when a new 
 chancel arch was inserted, the nave roof raised to the old pitch, 
 but placed above the weather-mold, and the area re-seated. A 
 number of beautiful bench ends, and considerable remains of a 
 fine rood screen are stowed away in the tower. 
 
 The half-timbered, but fearfully “restored” old house opposite 
 the west end of the church, is an ancient manor house known 
 formerly as Over Hall. 
 
 3 
 
34 
 
 MONDAY, AUGUST 3rd, 
 
 REP I ON CHURCH. 
 
 That portion of the road from Derby beyond Littleover is on 
 the line of the Roman way called the Rykneld Street, but three 
 miles further on our route turns off to the left and through the 
 village of Willington. Just after crossing the Trent, in a field on 
 the left-hand, are some curious earthworks, probably sepulchral. 
 The slack water at the foot of the hill on which Repton church 
 stands is the old channel of the Trent. 
 
 Previous to the Norman Conquest, Repton was a place of con¬ 
 siderable importance. It was the capital of the Marchland, and 
 Diuma, the first bishop of the Mercians, was consecrated in 656, 
 and buried at Repton ; and the see of the bishopric was here until 
 St. Chad’s consecration in 664, when it was removed to Lichfield. 
 According to Ingulf, the Danes attacked and seized Repton in 874, 
 drove king Burhred from the throne of the Mercians, and de¬ 
 stroyed a great monastery founded here more than two centuries 
 before. 
 
 That there was a church here in pre-Norman times is proved by 
 the remains of it, and the Domesday survey states that it had two 
 priests, a distinction shared by Bakewell alone of Derbyshire 
 churches. 
 
 About the middle of the twelfth century the church was given 
 to the canons of Calke priory by Matilda, widow of Ranulf 
 earl of Chester, on condition that they moved their house to 
 Repton, which they shortly afterwards did. The church was 
 served by them until the suppression of their priory in 1538, and 
 was always strictly parochial. 
 
 Repton church is dedicated to St. Wystan, who was a pious 
 Mercian prince. It consists of a chancel with undercroft, a 
 shallow south transept, a nave with aisles and south porch, and 
 western tower with lofty spire. 
 
 The chancel, to within a foot or so of the wall-plate, with its 
 crypt, is structurally Saxon, but the walls were slightly raised in 
 the early Decorated period, when the present 4-light windows 
 were inserted. The crypt is 17 feet square, and was entered from 
 the church by two curved passages. It has a confessionary window 
 at the west end. The three disengaged sides had originally small 
 projecting rectangular recesses. The roof, too, was only of wood. 
 The present vault and its pillars and wall pilasters were inserted 
 in the Norman period. At the same time the old nave, which 
 
LADY CHAPEL 
 
35 
 
 Mr. Irvine thinks was of wood, was rebuilt. Its two eastern bays 
 on each side remained until 1854, when they were replaced by 
 the present ones, for the sake of uniformity ! Two of the pillars 
 have lately been stuck up in the porch. The nave arcades and 
 some of the windows are Decorated. The square-headed Deco¬ 
 rated window in the south aisle should be compared with those 
 at Breadsall. The south porch is of the same date, but has been 
 much pulled about. The tower and spire are of early Perpen¬ 
 dicular work. The interior is blocked up by floors, etc., but has 
 a good groined vault. The clerestory and fine wooden roof are 
 also Perpendicular. The church was “restored and beautified” 
 in 1792. Until that time there was a good tomb, with the effigy 
 of a knight, at the east end of the north aisle, but it was then 
 demolished, and the effigy removed to the crypt, where it still 
 lies, though sorely injured. The church contains a number of 
 monuments to the Thacker family. 
 
 REPTON PRIORY. 
 
 Towards the end of the eleventh century a priory of black 
 canons was established at Calke. About 1160, Matilda countess 
 of Chester granted to the canons of Calke the working of the 
 quarry of Repton, and the advowson of the church of St. 
 Wystan, on condition that they removed to Repton whenever 
 a suitable opportunity should occur. The foundation of Repton 
 priory was effected about 1170, and Calke then became a depen¬ 
 dent cell to it. 
 
 The priory is situated immediately to the east of the parish 
 church. The precinct is enclosed on three sides by its old stone 
 wall. Of the Decorated gatehouse only the outer arch remains. 
 Nothing is left of the almonry and other buildings of the outer 
 court, and of the main buildings the cellarium is the only part 
 standing. The priory was granted at the suppression in 1538 to 
 one Thacker, who, according to Fuller, pulled the church down 
 on a single Sunday, on hearing the news of queen Mary’s acces¬ 
 sion. The cellarium was purchased of Thacker by Sir John Porte, 
 and converted into a habitation for the grammar school he founded 
 at Repton in 1556. It still forms part of the school buildings, 
 but has been so divided and altered as to retain but little of its 
 ancient character. Some of the pillars of the undercroft remain 
 in the basement. Over the fireplace in the big schoolroom is 
 a fine series of encaustic tiles, discovered in the priory kiln in 
 1866. The site of the priory church, which was purely con¬ 
 ventual, has been recently excavated with most satisfactory 
 results. The greater part of the work was of Decorated date. 
 The accompanying ground plan shows the disposition of the 
 
3 6 
 
 church and claustral buildings. The church was about 200 
 feet long. 
 
 The visitors who went round the monasteries shortly before the 
 suppression reported that there was here a pilgrimage to St. 
 Guthlac, and to his bell, which was reputed to cure faceache if 
 applied to the part affected. Some fine fragments, apparently of 
 the saint’s shrine, were found during the excavations. 
 
 The priory was dedicated to the Holy Trinity. The building 
 called the Hall, on the old bank of the Trent, and now the head¬ 
 master’s house, was erected about two centuries ago, but seemingly 
 on the site of some part of the priory, for on the river side of the 
 house a most curious brick tower has been incorporated with it. 
 It is usually ascribed to prior Overton (1436—1438), and is an 
 early specimen of medieval brickwork. 
 
 BREEDON PRIORY. 
 
 A drive of about 8 miles, past Foremark and through Melbourne, 
 brings us to Breedon Hill, an outlier of carboniferous limestone rising 
 boldly above the surrounding keuper sandstone. So prominent 
 a landmark may well have been chosen for the site of a strong¬ 
 hold, and on ascending the path to the summit, it will be seen 
 that the top has been encircled by a fine earthen rampart with 
 outer ditch, locally known as the Bulwarks. The south-east part 
 has been removed through quarrying operations, but most of the 
 remainder of the circuit can be traced. It is particularly perfect 
 for some distance on the left-hand when ascending the hill from 
 the south, and another fine length remains on the east. No 
 systematic plan or examination of this extensive earthwork appears 
 to have been yet made. 
 
 Almost in the centre are the remains of the priory church of 
 Breedon. 
 
 This church is dedicated to St. Mary and St. Hardulf, and 
 was given about 1144 by Robert de Ferrers, to the Augustinian 
 priory of St. Nostell, Yorks., and a prior and five canons were 
 thereupon established here. The church, which was parochial 
 and conventual, was purchased of the king at the suppression of 
 the priory by Francis Shirley of Staunton Harold, and given 
 by him to the parish, so that the whole building thus became 
 parochial. 
 
 Only a portion of the church bought by Francis Shirley now 
 remains. It consists of a choir and aisles of four bays, the once 
 central tower, and south transept converted into a vestry and porch. 
 The nave and its aisle have been demolished. North transept 
 there appears never to have been. The abode of the canons was 
 probably a house on the north side, and not a cloister with a 
 circuit of buildings. 
 
37 
 
 The first church of which there are any traces was a Norman 
 one, but the base of the tower is all that remains, excepting a 
 number of curious carvings in low relief inserted in the east walls of 
 the transept and chancel externally. The nave had a south aisle, 
 but nothing of either is now standing except a respond set 
 up against the blocked tower arch. The transept has been much 
 injured; it retains a nice little door inside, opening into the south 
 choir aisle, and there are traces of its having been vaulted. At the 
 beginning of the Early English period the Norman chancel was 
 replaced by the present choir, but this has been so much altered 
 that its original state is not at first apparent. Decorated windows 
 have replaced nearly all the Early English lancets, and the but¬ 
 tresses have been considerably strengthened to bear the thrust of 
 the aisle vaults. The east end has been most unfortunate; a 
 huge Georgian window having been inserted in the central portion. 
 The clerestory is Perpendicular, but the two sides are unlike. 
 The roof is modern. The tower was raised in the Perpen¬ 
 dicular period. The chief internal features are the font, a good 
 Perpendicular one, covered with shields of arms; the Ferrers’ pew, 
 a stately canopied structure erected by Sir Plenry Shirley in 1627 ; 
 and some good late Shirley tombs in the north aisle, which is 
 railed off from the church. There are some bits of old glass in the 
 north aisle, and a large number of pieces ofEarly English sculpture 
 inserted in the walls over the arcades and elsewhere. 
 
 MELBOURNE CHURCH. 
 
 Two miles to the north of Breedon is Melbourne. Here was 
 formerly a royal castle, for nineteen years the prison of John 
 duke of Bourbon, who was captured at the battle of Agincourt. 
 It stood to the north-west of the church, and was demolished at 
 the beginning of the seventeenth century, and no remains of it 
 exist except a portion of the curtain wall. 
 
 A church and priest are mentioned in Domesday as being on 
 the royal manor of Melbourne, and Melbourne church was one of 
 the first endowments of the see of Carlisle on its foundation by 
 Henry I. in 1133. The bishops of Carlisle had a palace and a 
 park here, and were allowed to hold their ordinations in the 
 parish church, when the inroads of the Scots rendered Carlisle 
 unsafe. 
 
 A chantry of St. Katharine was founded in the church in 1380 
 by William Bars of King’s Newton. 
 
 A chantry to St. Michael was also founded in 1348 by Richard 
 de Melbourn. 
 
 The church, which is dedicated to St. Michael, consists of a 
 chancel, central tower, north and south transepts, nave with aisles, 
 and western portico flanked by two small towers. Excepting the 
 
38 
 
 upper part of the tower and the eastern half of the chancel, the 
 whole church is, in the main, Norman, circa 1120. The portico 
 has a fine west door, and is groined within, thus forming a large 
 western gallery opening into the church. The arcades are of five 
 bays, and enriched with the chevron molding. The nave clerestory 
 is of different dates, the north side being Norman, and the south 
 Early English. Each side has a wall passage, with an open arcade 
 on the nave side. 
 
 The tower has internally a triple tier of wall arcading, and was 
 doubtless originally an open lantern. 
 
 Both transepts and the chancel once had eastern apses, but that 
 of the latter was removed, and the chancel lengthened in late 
 Perpendicular times. Over the groining of the chancel apse was 
 a large upper chamber, entered from the wall passage of the 
 central lantern. Each transept had an altar, but it is not quite 
 clear when the apses were destroyed. 
 
 The Perpendicular rood-screen remains. There is a good early 
 grave slab, with some later alabaster memorials of the Hardings, 
 in the south transept, behind the organ. In the same place is 
 also an effigy of a knight of the Melbourn family, in mail hauberk 
 and surcoat. 
 
 The font is Early English. The upper part of the Norman 
 central tower has been replaced by a plainer one of uncertain 
 date. The church was restored by Sir G. G. Scott in 1862, at 
 which time the western towers received their slated spires. Traces 
 of all the three apses are visible externally. 
 
 Close to the west end of the church is a large medieval tithe 
 barn, probably of thirteenth century date, that once belonged to 
 the bishops of Carlisle. 
 
 There was formerly another church at Melbourne dedicated 
 to the blessed Virgin Mary, but no traces of it remain. 
 
 Melbourne Hall was built about 1700, on the old estate of the 
 bishop of Carlisle. Baxter wrote his “ Saint’s Rest ” here. The 
 gardens are laid out in the Dutch style. 
 
 The road from Melbourne to Derby (eight miles), crosses the 
 river Trent by an old bridge nearly three quarters of a mile long. 
 Only 138 yards of its length actually crosses the river, but the rest 
 is necessitated by the ofttimes flooded state of the adjoining 
 meadows in winter. Much of the bridge is of early date, but the 
 portion over the river has been rebuilt in modern times. In the 
 medieval days there was a bridge-chapel here, for the Church 
 Goods’ Commissioners report in 1552 :— 
 
 “ We have a chappell edified and buylded uppon Trent, in y e mydest of the 
 greate streme anexed to Swerston bregge, the whiche had certayne stuffe 
 belongyng to it, ij desks to knele in, a table of wode, and certayne barres of 
 yron and glasse in the windos, whiche Mr. Edward Beamont, of Arleston, 
 hath taken away to his owne use, and we saye that if the Chapell dekeye the 
 brydge wyll not Stonde.” 
 
39 
 
 The southern end of Swarkeston* bridge marks the point reached 
 by the advanced guard of Prince Charles Edward Stuart’s army 
 in 1754. 
 
 Swarkeston church contains some fine late monuments of the 
 Harpur family, but is otherwise not worth a visit, as only the 
 tower is old. 
 
 TUESDAY, AUGUST 4 th. 
 
 THE PEAK CASTLE. 
 
 A journey of six miles, nearly all uphill, from Chapel-en-le-Frith, 
 brings us to the head of the magnificent vale of Hope. The first 
 five miles is through a wild and rugged district, but on turning the 
 corner beneath the hill called Mam Tor, which has some British 
 earthworks on the summit, the whole valley suddenly bursts into 
 view. 
 
 Peak castle.—South side of the keep. 
 
 The Peak castle overhangs the town of Castleton on the south, 
 and is notable not so much for its size and extent, as for its 
 
 Pronounced Sruors’n. 
 
40 
 
 extremely strong position, three of its sides being practically inac¬ 
 cessible for offensive purposes, and the fourth almost so. The 
 precinct is roughly oblong in shape, and retains most of its curtain 
 wall. The entrance was through a gatehouse at the east end. In 
 the south-west angle, perched on the very edge of the precipice, 
 is the keep, a characteristic Norman rectangular tower of three 
 stories, nearly 60 feet high, and measuring 21ft. 3iin. by 19ft. 
 2in. internally. It has unfortunately been robbed of much of its 
 ashlar facing. There are some traces of herring-bone masonry in 
 the basement, and also in the west side of the curtain wall. 
 
 O-JEWTT. «C. 
 
 Peak Castle.—The Garderobe. 
 
 The accompanying cuts show the plan of the precinct and of 
 each floor, together with the original door of entrance, the garde- 
 robe, and the view of the keep from the south. Most of the work 
 is circa 1175, but the herring-bone masonry points to an earlier 
 structure, probably erected by William Peverel the elder, towards 
 the close of the Conqueror’s reign. 
 
 Castleton church contains very few traces of medieval work 
 except a fine Norman chancel arch. 
 
 A curious old custom is maintained here annually on May 29th. 
 The ringers and others parade the town, preceded by a man on 
 horseback carrying a huge oak garland. At even the garland is 
 hoisted up to the top of the church tower, and is left to wither 
 away there, together with oak branches tied to the four pinnacles, 
 until the anniversary again comes round. 
 
Plan of basement. 
 
 Ground plan. 
 
 Plan of first floor. Plan of second floor. 
 
 Peak castle.—Ground plan. 
 
42 
 
 The road from Castleton to Tideswell passes through the village 
 of Hope. The church is an interesting structure, but its chancel 
 was most wantonly and unnecessarily pulled down by the present 
 vicar a few years ago and rebuilt. There is the shaft of a fine 
 pre-Norman churchyard-cross standing in the vicarage grounds. 
 A mile further on the road branches off to Tideswell at Brough. 
 Close to the junction of the two roads, on the rising ground on 
 the right, is the site of the Roman station of Navio. Its rectangular 
 form and rounded angles are easily traceable. It has not yet 
 been systematically explored, but many remains of its former 
 occupiers have been found here from time to time. There was a 
 Roman way from Brough to Buxton, traces of which remain. A 
 further drive of five miles through Bradwell Dale brings us to 
 Tideswell. Not quite a mile beyond Bradwell, on the left 
 hand, is Hazelbache Hall, an old Elizabethan residence of the 
 Vernons. 
 
 TIDESWELL CHURCH. 
 
 Until about 1254 Tideswell was a chapelry of Hope, but bishop 
 Roger de Weseham then constituted it a separate parish and an 
 independent vicarage. Together with its once mother church of 
 Hope it was given by John earl of Mortain, in 1192, to the 
 cathedral church of Lichfield, to which the advowsons still 
 belong. 
 
 A chantry was founded in the church temp. Edward III. by 
 John Foljambe, at the altar of our Lady, which stood in the north 
 transept. 
 
 The church is dedicated to St. John Baptist, and consists of an 
 unusually large chancel, north and south transepts, a nave with 
 aisles and south porch, and a western tower. All the church 
 except the tower is of good Decorated work, but of different dates. 
 The chancel windows are square-headed, and of singular design. 
 About six feet from the east window is a stone wall, as at Sawley, 
 and (formerly) at Hope, thus allowing space for a vestry behind. 
 The Tideswell example is adorned with two large niches, and an 
 embattled cornice. Behind, in the centre, there is a small bracket. 
 There are three good sedilia, and opposite them the Easter 
 sepulchre. In the centre of the chancel is a large altar tomb with 
 a cadaver beneath. The covering slab has a lengthy inscription 
 to Sir Sampson Meverell {ob. 1462), and an oval medallion with 
 the Holy Trinity. It is also marked with five crosses in the 
 manner of an altar slab, and was probably once used as such, in 
 spite of its position, but in post-reformation times. Against the 
 north wall is the famous brass of Robert Pursglove, prior of 
 Gisborough, and suffragan bishop of Hull. He was a native of 
 Tideswell, and founded a grammar school here in 1560. He 
 
43 
 
 died in 1579, and is represented on his brass in the mass vest¬ 
 ments, with mitre and pastoral staff. The Perpendicular rood- 
 screen remains. In the north transept is the mutilated altar slab 
 and two good effigies of ladies. The south transept contains a 
 (restored) high tomb, with the mutilated figures of Sir Thurstan 
 de Bower and his lady. The nave retains its original roof, 
 but all the old fittings, including a stone pulpit, were cleared 
 out in “cartloads” in the early part of this century. _ In the 
 south aisle is a brass to Robert Lytton and Isabella his wife, of 
 date 1483. 
 
 The tower is Perpendicular, with pinnacles of singular design. 
 It has a good groined vault. 
 
 WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5 th. 
 
 PADLEY CHAPEL. 
 
 This interesting specimen of a private chapel is all that remains 
 of the ancient house of the Eyres, called Padley Hall. The Eyres 
 obtained the manor of Upper Padley by the marriage of Robert 
 Eyre with Joan Padley in the fifteenth century, and built themselves 
 a house here. At the Reformation, the Eyres, like their kinsfolk 
 the Fitzherberts of Norbury, remained constant to the old state of 
 things, and during the reign of Elizabeth underwent much per¬ 
 secution. In 1587 Padley Hall was searched for priests, and two 
 were found concealed here. These were Nicholas Garlick and 
 Robert Ludlaw. They were confined in Derby gaol for some time, 
 and then, with a third priest named Richard Simpson, were hanged, 
 drawn, and quartered, on July 25, 1588, for the sole crime of being 
 Roman Catholic priests. Padley Hall was then in the occupation 
 of John Fitzherbert, who, for harbouring these unfortunate men 
 was put in prison, where after many years of confinement he died. 
 The Hall and estates meanwhile were escheated and became the 
 property of the notorious Richard Topcliffe, a ruffianly agent of 
 the Privy Council. 
 
 Padley Hall consisted of a quadrangular court, surrounded by 
 buildings; the chapel, with the offices beneath, forming the 
 south side. 
 
 The chapel has a most beautiful old hammer beam roof, with 
 angels holding shields. It was divided into two portions by a 
 screen, now destroyed, one half being for the family, the other for 
 retainers. Most of the windows are now mutilated or blocked up, 
 and the whole chapel will shortly tumble down unless prompt 
 
44 
 
 action be taken to make good the southern buttresses. It is 
 greatly to be deplored that so interesting a fragment of medieval 
 domestic architecture should be used as a hay-loft above and a 
 cow-house beneath. 
 
 Returning to the main road and proceeding onward a mile-and- 
 a-half, we arrive at the Fox House, whence a short walk over the 
 moor brings us to 
 
 THE CARL’S WARK, 
 
 as it is called by the local folk. This is a pre-historic fortification 
 of great interest. It is situated on a ridge of a rock, which rises 
 in a singular manner out of the middle of a boggy moor, a little 
 to the east of Hathersage. To this fact it owes its preservation. 
 The rock is roughly an oval in shape, precipitous on three sides, 
 but sloping down to the moor at one end. Three sides have been 
 scarped, and artificially strengthened by the insertion of large 
 stones. The fourth side, that commanding the descent to the 
 moor, is defended by a well-constructed wall of masonry, backed 
 by an earthern vallum. The entrance is placed obliquely at one 
 corner. The weight of evidence seems to show that this is a 
 Celtic work. It was undoubtedly a place of considerable strength, 
 and the view of it from the west is most impressive. 
 
 It is singular that so noteworthy a stronghold has been so 
 little visited. 
 
 Crossing another part of the moor and entering the conveyances, 
 a short drive brings us to Hathersage. 
 
 HATHERSAGE CHURCH. 
 
 The earliest mention of a church here is in the reign of Henry 
 I., when Richard Basset, about 1130, endowed his new founda¬ 
 tion of Launde priory, in Leicestershire, with the advowson of 
 Hathersage church. 
 
 The church is dedicated to St. Michael, and consists of chancel 
 and north chapel, nave with aisles and north porch, and a western 
 tower and spire. 
 
 The nave arcades are Transitional Norman ; the rest of the 
 church is chiefly Decorated, but restored in 1851-2. The tower 
 and spire are good Perpendicular. The font is interesting as 
 bearing the arms of Robert Eyre and his wife Joan Padley. 
 There are several brasses to the Eyre family. 
 
 To the south-west of the church are two small upright stones, 
 about ten feet apart. These mark the grave of Little John, the 
 famous companion of Robin Rood. At least so is the local 
 
45 
 
 tradition, and though it does not appear to be a very old one, yet 
 the weight of evidence seems more in its favour than for its 
 rejection as fiction. Ashmole says that Little John’s bow was 
 suspended in the church in 1652. 
 
 The base and stump of the churchyard cross remain on the 
 south side of the church. 
 
 Close to the east end of the church is a small circular earth¬ 
 work called Camp Green, probably British. 
 
 NORTH LEES. 
 
 This interesting old Elizabethan hall, formerly inhabited by the 
 Eyres, is about a mile to the north of Hathersage church, but is 
 now used as a farmhouse. It retains its mullioned windows, 
 central circular staircase and other characteristics. 
 
 A little below the house, in a plantation, are ruins of a small 
 chapel built by the Eyres in 1686, but destroyed by a Protestant 
 mob in 1688. 
 
 I am indebted to Mr. Ferry for the loan of his excellent plan 
 of Winfield Manor. 
 
 N.B.—The Directors of the celebrated Derby Crown Porcelain 
 Company, Osmaston Road, will be glad if members of the Royal 
 Archaeological Institute will avail themselves of the Tickets to 
 view the China Works which have been placed in the writing 
 room at the Free Library. 
 
 BEMKOSE AND SONS, PRINTERS, DERBY J AND 23, OLD BAILEY, LONDON. 
 
For Second-hand and Scarce Derbyshire Books , see Messrs. 
 
 Bemrose & Sons Special Catalogue. 
 
 istnrixatl twb Antiquarian Wcrhs 
 
 AND 
 
 §rrbgs^ire (Suibe §0ohs 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 BEMROSE & SONS, 
 
 IRONGATE, DERBY; AND 23, OLD BAILEY, LONDON. 
 
 Bemrose’s Derbyshire Guide and Hand Book. 
 
 Toned Paper, profusely Illustrated with Engravings, Lithographs, Wood- 
 cuts, &c. New Map of the County. Containing every information for 
 the Tourist and General Reader. Edited by A. Wallis, Esq. New 
 Edition. Crown 8vo., cloth. Price 3s. 6d. 
 
 “ Derbyshire . . well deserves a guide-book so complete, so pleasantly written, 
 
 and carefully arranged. The book is rather a description than a mere guide ; or, in other 
 words, it is not simply a catalogue of places to be visited and routes to be taken, but 
 an animated, and frequently an eloquent account of the attractions of a very delightful 
 district. The map and illustrations are excellent.”— Standard. 
 
 ‘ Derbyshire has never had a more handy, pleasant, or comprehensive guide.”— 
 A thenceum. 
 
 The Tourist’s Guide to Derbyshire. 
 
 By Rev. J. Charles Cox, LL.D. Contains full information concerning 
 all places of interest and resort within the county. With Map, price 2s. 
 
 History of Melbourne and King’s Newton. 
 
 By the late John Joseph Briggs, F.R.S.L. (the “Naturalist” of the 
 Field). Crown 8vo., with Plates, price 6d. 
 
 Bemrose’s Guide to Buxton 
 
 And neighbourhood, Castleton, Dove Dale, Eyam, &c. Being an accu¬ 
 rate Guide to this mcst interesting part of Derbyshire. With full-page 
 Illustrations, Woodcuts, Tables of Distances, &c., &c. Crown 8vo., 
 price is. 
 
 Irongate , Derby, 
 
Works Published by Bemrose S' Sous, 
 
 Bemrose’s Guide to Matlock. Chatsworth, and 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 A complete Handbook and Companion for the Tourist and Traveller ; 
 with full-page Illustrations, Vignettes, &c. Itinerary Plan, New Map of 
 the County, Table of Distances, &c. Crown Svo., price is. 
 
 Bemrose’s New Map of the County of Derby. 
 
 Size 48 by 64 inches, scale 1 mile to an inch, shows Electoral and Parish 
 Boundaries. In 4 sheets, uncoloured and unmounted, 21s. 
 
 With County Divisions, coloured, mounted and in 4 sheets in a case, or 
 on rollers, £1 I is. 6d. 
 
 With County Divisions, and Parish Boundaries, coloured, mounted and 
 on rollers, or in 4 sheets in a case, £2 2s. od. 
 
 Handbook to the Geology of Derbyshire. 
 
 By the Rev. J. Magens Mello, M.A., F.G.S. Illustrated. A Geologi¬ 
 cal Map, Sections, &c. Cloth, price is. 
 
 Contributions to the Flora and Fauna of Repton 
 and Neighbourhood. 
 
 A List of Wild Flowers, Birds, Insects, &c. Second Edition, revised and 
 enlarged. Demy 8vo., cloth. Price 3s. 6d. 
 
 The Ferns of Derbyshire. 
 
 Illustrated from Nature, with numerous Coloured Plates, Explanatory 
 Diagrams, Letter-press Description, &c. With a Preface by the late Rev. 
 Gerard Smith, B.A. New Edition. Crown 8vc., cloth. Price 3s. 6d. 
 
 Notes on the Churches of Derbyshire. 
 
 By Rev. J. Charles Cox, LL.D. Illustrated with Heliotypes and numer¬ 
 ous other Plates, Four Volumes, Royal 8vo., cloth, £3 15s. od. 
 
 Vol. I. The Hundred of Scarsdale. Price 15s. 
 
 Vol. II. The Hundreds of High Peak and Wirksworth. Price 21s. 
 Vol. III. The Hundreds of Appletree and Repton and Gresley. 
 Price 2is. 
 
 Vol. IV. The Hundred of Morleston and Litchurch, and General 
 Supplement. Price 25s. 
 
 Irongate, Derby , 
 
Works Published by Beinrose & Sons, 
 
 The Chronicles of the Collegiate Church or Free 
 Chapel of All Saints’, Derby. 
 
 By Rev. J. Charles Cox, LL.D., Author of “ Notes on the Churches of 
 Derbyshire,” “How to Write the History of a Parish,” &c., and W. H. 
 St. John Hope. Royal Quarto, richly Illustrated, bevelled boards, gilt 
 extra. Price £l ios. 
 
 An Historical Sketch of the Parish of Croxall, 
 
 Containing the townships of Catton and Oakley, with full descriptive Ac¬ 
 counts and Pedigrees of the families of Curzon, Dorset, Prinsep, Albini, 
 Saint Amand, and Horton ; Maps of the Townships with their Field 
 Names; Registers of the Parish, a full description of the Church, with 
 Ancient Documents hitherto unpublished. By Rev. Charles Ussher. 
 Royal 4to.. 240 pages, copiously illustrated, and handsomely bound in 
 cloth boards. £2 2s. 
 
 The History and Antiquities of Haddon Hall. 
 
 Illustrated by Tw'enty Lithographs, from Drawings by G. Cattermole, 
 with an Account of the Hall in its present state. Quarto, piice 5s. 
 
 Britannia Depicta, Derbyshire. 
 
 Containing Thirty-one Views, with brief description. Folio, price £1 is. 
 This is a Reprint of the Views in Lyson’s “ Derbyshire.” 
 
 How to Write the History of a Parish. 
 
 By the Rev. J. Charles Cox, LL.D., Author of “ Notes on the Churches 
 of Derbyshire,” &c. Royal l6mo., clo'h, price is. 6d. 
 
 The Ballad History of the Wonderful Derby Ram. 
 
 Detailed from its stupendous origin to its tragical termination, in a series 
 of Imaginative Sketches, by Priestman Atkinson, with an Introduction 
 by Alfred Wallis, Member of the British Archaeological Society. 
 Neat cloth, gilt, 3s. 6d. Cheap Edition, boards, is. 6d. 
 
 Ballads and Songs of Derbyshire, 
 
 With Illustrative Notes and Examples of the original Music. With 
 Frontispiece and Vignette. Edited by LlewellyNn Jewitt, F.S.A. 
 Elegantly printed on Toned Paper. Crown 8vo. In handsome cloth, 
 gilt top, price 3s. 6d. 
 
 Irongate, Derby. 
 
Works Published by Bemrose & Sous, 
 
 IN THE PRESS. 
 
 The Life and Works of Joseph Wright, A.R.A., 
 commonly called “Wright of Derby.” 
 
 By William Bemrose, Author of “ A Manual of Wood Carving,” &c. 
 Illustrated with Two Etchings by F. Seymour Haden, Esq., and 
 Mezzotints and Woodcuts. Imp. 4to. Published by Subscription, price 
 to Subscribers, One Guinea .—Prospectus on application. 
 
 The Derbyshire Domesday Book. 
 
 A Photo-Zincographed Fac-simile of the Domesday Book for Derbyshire, 
 with a literal extension of the Latin text in modern type, an English 
 Translation, Index of Places, Names of Persons, and Illustrative Notes. 
 By Llewellynn Jewitt, F.S.A. Imperial Quarto, price 21s. The 
 Photo-Zincographed Fac-simile alone, 10s. 6d. The Literal Extension, 
 in Latin and' English Translation, &c., 10s. 6d. 
 
 The Reliquary: A Depository of Precious Relics. 
 
 Legendary, Biographical, and Historical. Edited by Ll. Jewitt, 
 F.S.A., Member of the Archaeological Institute of Great Britain 
 and' Ireland, &c. Quarterly Parts, 2S. 6d. ; Yearly Vols. 1 to 23, 
 Demy 8vo, cloth, boards, us. 6d. each. Complete sets on special 
 Terms. 
 
 Each Volume is complete in itself, and profusely Illustrated with Plates 
 and Wood Engravings. 
 
 This work has for over twenty years been contributed to by local and 
 other antiquaries, and contains a cyclopoedia of antiquarian research 
 and information. 
 
 Ten Years’ Digging in Celtic and Saxon Grave Hills. 
 
 In the Counties of Derby, Stafford, and York; with descriptions of the 
 Crania and Pottery from the Mounds, &c. By the late Thomas Bate¬ 
 man, Local Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries ; Author of “ Vestiges 
 of the Antiquities of Derbyshire,” &c., &c. With 50 Engravings on 
 Wood. Demy 8vo., cloth, price 7s. 6d. 
 
 Irongate , Derby. 
 
JUgal Jrc|awlflgicid[ 
 
 OF GEEAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 
 
 Hatrons. 
 
 HEE MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE QUEEN. 
 
 HIS EOYAL HIGHNESS THE PEINCE OF WALES, K.G., F.S.A. 
 
 Ipresibxnt, 
 
 THE EIGHT HON. EAEL PEECY, P.O., M.P. 
 
 ANNUAL MEETINC AT DERBY, 
 
 1885 . 
 
 Tuesday, July 28th, to Wednesday, Aug. 5th, inclusive. 
 
 GENERAL PROGRAMME. 
 
 llalrmis of Ifrr Puling. 
 
 HIS GEACE THE DUKE OF DEVONSHIEE, KG. (Lord Lieutenant of 
 
 Derbyshire.) 
 
 E. W. PAEES, Esq. (High Sheriff of Derbyshire). 
 
 HIS GEACE THE DUKE OF NOEFOLK, E.M. 
 
 HIS GEACE THE DUKE OF EUTLAND, K.G. 
 
 THE RIGHT HON THE MARQUESS OF HARTINGTON, P.C., M.P., D.C.L. 
 THE EIGHT EEV. THE LORD BISHOP OF LICHFIELD. 
 
 THE RIGHT EEV. THE LORD BISHOP OF SOUTHWELL. 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD SCAESDALE. 
 
 THE EIGHT HON. THE LORD VERNON. 
 
 THE RIGHT EEV. BISHOP ABRAHAM. 
 
 frmbwt of % ifteAmg. 
 
 THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF CARNARVON, P.C., D.C.L. 
 
 Rite-lrrsibrnts of % Puling. 
 
 The Worshippul the 
 
 Sir John G. N. Alleyne, Bart. 
 
 Sir James Allport. 
 
 F. C. Arkwright. 
 
 The Ven. Archdeacon Balston. 
 
 Sir M. A. Bass, Bart., M.P. 
 
 H. H. Bemrose. 
 
 Sir John Harpur Crewe, Bart. 
 
 The Hon. G. N. Curzon. 
 
 N. C. Curzon, M.A. 
 
 T. W. Evans, M.P. 
 
 W. D. Fane. 
 
 Mayor op Derby. 
 
 C. G. S. Foljambe, M.P., F.S.A. 
 
 Rev. W. M. Furneaux., M.A. 
 
 The Eight Hon Sir. W. V. Harcourt 
 
 M.P. 
 
 G. Meynell. 
 
 The Hon. F. Strutt. 
 
 W. G. Turbutt. 
 
 Sir A. B. Walker. 
 
 Sir H. Wilmot, Bart., C.B., V.C., M.P. 
 W. H. Worthington. 
 
 F. Berespord Wright. 
 
Jrefltbmte ftufr $hz~l§xz$ximxt% of Nations, 
 
 Antiquarian. President: The Rev. J. C. Cox, LL.D. 
 
 /Rev. G. F. Browne, B.D. 
 
 ( The Baron be Cosson, F.R.G.S. 
 
 | R. S. Febguson, M.A., LL.M., F.S.A, 
 Vice-Presidents • Llewellynn Jewitt, F.S.A. 
 
 Edward Peacock, F.S.A. 
 
 Rev. Prebendary Scakth, M.A. 
 
 The Hon. F. Strutt. 
 
 Secretaries 
 
 T. R. Baylis, Q.C., M.A. 
 J. Borough. 
 
 Historical. President: The Veby Rev. the Dean op Lichfield. 
 
 Vice-Presidents 
 
 /Rev. Sib Talbot Bakeb, Bart. 
 The Hon. W. M. Jebvis. 
 
 Major Lawson Lowe, F.S.A. 
 
 The Lobd Bishop of Southwell. 
 Rev. F. Spubkell, M.A. 
 
 S. Tuckeb (Somerset). 
 
 'Rev. Pbecentob Venables. 
 
 „ , . ( John Bailey. 
 
 Secretaries | w _ H gr _ John Hope, M.A., F.S.A. 
 Architectural. President : The Right Hon. A. J . Bebesfobd Hope, P.C..M.P.,F.S.A. 
 
 I Rev. J. R. Boyle. 
 
 W. Jolley. 
 
 Rev. F. Joubdain, M.A. 
 
 J. T. Micklethwaite, F.S.A. 
 
 R. P. Pullan, F.S.A. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lord Scarsdale. 
 Sib Sibbald Scott, Bart., F.S.A. 
 
 ,Sir H. Wilmot, Bart., V.C., C.B., M.P. 
 
 o / ■ „ (-J. Hilton, F.S.A. 
 
 Secretaries t j? j Robinson. 
 
 ^otal suit ©moral Committee. 
 
 The Worshipful the Mayor of Derby (Chairman). 
 
 John Bailey. 
 
 George Bailey. 
 William Bemrose. 
 
 •John Borough. 
 
 Rev. J. C. Cox, LL.D. 
 Thomas Evans, F.G.S. 
 
 C. G. S. Foljambe, M.P., 
 F.S.A. 
 
 Rev. M. K. S. Frith. 
 William Jolley. 
 
 Rev. F. Jourdain. 
 Richard Keene. 
 
 If. J. Robinson. 
 
 W. H. St. John Hope, 
 
 F.S.A. 
 
 F. Campion. 
 
 C. J. Cade. 
 
 E. Cooling. 
 
 J. Gallop. 
 
 T. W. Charlton. 
 
 E. Greenhough. 
 
 Sir James Allport. 
 
 W. H. Hodges. 
 
 A. H. Dolman. 
 
 W. Mallalieu. 
 
 Henry Allpass, F.R.S.L. 
 Alderman Longdon. 
 Alderman Hobson. 
 
 Curators of % pasoum. 
 
 Henry Allpass, F.R.S.L. 
 W. Talbot Ready. 
 
 UJotal Hon. ^rrs. 
 
 Arthur Cox, M.A. 
 William Bemrose. 
 
 Henry Allpass, F.R.S.L. 
 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE MEETING. 
 
 TUESDAY, JULY 28 th.—At 12 noon tlie Mayor and Cor¬ 
 poration will receive the Institute at an Inaugural Meeting. 
 President’s Address. Reception by the Derbyshire Archaeological 
 and Natural History Society. Inspection of the town. Drive to 
 Kedleston Hall and Church. Drive to Derby. The Rev. Dr. Cox 
 will open the Antiquarian Section at 8 o’clock. Mr. Beresford 
 Hope will open the Architectural Section at 9 o’clock. 
 
 N.B.—No Carriage Ticket for Kedleston can be obtained after noon, on Tuesday, 
 July 28 th. 
 
 WEDNESDAY, JULY 29 th.—Drive to Ashburne. Church, 
 &c. Luncheon at Ashburne. Drive to Norbury. Manor House 
 and Church. Drive to Longford. Church. Drive to Derby. The 
 Very Rev. the Dean of Lichfield will open the Historical Section 
 at 8 p.m. 
 
 N.B.—No Carriage Ticket for Ashburne can be obtained after noon on Tuesday , 
 July 28 th. 
 
 THURSDAY, JULY 30 th.—By rail to Chesterfield. Drive 
 to Hardwick Hall. Luncheon at Hardwick. Drive to Winfield 
 Manor House. By rail to Derby. Conversazione by the Royal 
 Archaeological Institute in the Free Library and Museum, at 
 8.30 p.m. 
 
 N.B.—No names will be received for this Excursion after 8 p.m. on Tuesday, 
 July 28 th. J 
 
 FRIDAY, JULY 31st.— By rail to Bakewell; to the Church. 
 Drive to Haddon Hall. Luncheon at Haddon Hall. Drive to 
 Arbor Low and Youlgreave Church. Drive to Rowsley Station. 
 By rail to Derby. Sectional Meetings at 8 p,m. 
 
 N,B.—No names will be received for this Excursion after 8. p.m. on Wednesday, 
 July 29 th. 
 
 SATURDAY, AUGUST 1 st.—Drive to Sawley Church ; to 
 Dale ; Luncheon. To Dale Abbey and Church. To Morley Church. 
 To Breadsall Church. To Derby. 
 
 N.B.—No names will be received for this Excursion after 8 p.m. on Thursday, 
 July 30 th. 
 
 SUNDAY, AUGUST 2 nd—Service in All Saints’ Church 
 at 10.45 a.m. 
 
 MONDAY, AUGUST 3 rd.—Drive to Repton. To Church 
 and Priory. Luncheon. To Breedon Priory and Earthworks. To 
 Melbourne Church. To Derby. Sectional Meetings at 8 p.m. 
 
 N.B.—No names will be received for this Excursion after 8 p.m. on Saturday, 
 August 1 st. 
 
 TUESDAY, AUGUST 4 th.—By rail to Cliapel-en-le-Frith. 
 Drive to Castleton. To Peak Castle. Luncheon. To Tideswell. 
 To the Church. To Miller’s Dale Station. By rail to Derby. 
 General Concluding Meeting in the evening. 
 
 N.B.—No names will be received for this Excursion after 8 p.m. on Saturday, 
 A ugust 1 st. 
 
 WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5 th.—By rail to Hassop. Drive 
 to Padley Chapel. To Carls Wark. To Hathersage. Luncheon. 
 To the Church and Earthwork. To North Lees. To Hassop. By 
 rail to Derby. 
 
 N.B.—No names will be received for this Excursion after 8 p.m. on Monday, 
 August 3 rd. 
 
Information regarding the general and local arrangements of the 
 Meeting maybe obtained from any of the local honorary secretaries. 
 Tickets for the Meeting will be issued, and all information required 
 during the Meeting will be given at the Free Library. Price of 
 Tickets for Gentlemen, £1 Is. (not transferable), for Ladies (trans¬ 
 ferable), 10 s. 6d., entitling the bearer to take part in all the Meetings 
 and Proceedings of the week, to visit the Museum and all other 
 objects of interest which may be thrown open to the Institute. 
 
 Tickets of Admission to all the Sectional Meetings and the 
 Museum only, Price 5 s. (transferable). 
 
 Extended particulars of each day’s proceedings will be issued on 
 July 27 th. 
 
 Persons intending to join any of the Excursions are strictly 
 required to enter their names according to the regulations, in 
 the Lists prepared for that purpose at the Free Library. 
 
 SPECIAL ATTENTION is called to the General Regulations, on 
 Pink Payer, issued with this Programme. 
 
 The Excursions will be under the direction of Mr. W. H. St. John 
 Hope, F.S.A., and Mr. Hellier Gosselin. 
 
 The Temporary Museum of the Institute will be formed under 
 the direction of Mr. Henry Allpass, F.R.S.L., and Mr. W. T. Ready, 
 in the Free Library, where the Sectional Meetings will also be held. 
 Provision will be made for the proper reception aud care of all 
 objects sent for exhibition. Every precaution will be taken to 
 ensure the safety of objects thus contributed, and they will be 
 collected and returned carriage free. 
 
 Accommodation may be obtained at the Royal, St. James’, the 
 Midland, and County Hotels. There will be a Table I Rote Breakfast 
 and Dinner each day at the Royal Hotel. 
 
 Donations in aid of the expenses of the Temporary Museum, and 
 of the general objects of the Institute, may be paid to the account 
 of the Institute, at the Bank of Messrs. Crompton, Evans, & Co. 
 
 Persons desirous of joining the Institute as Permanent Members 
 are requested to communicate with the Secretary. 
 
 N.B .—Members of the Institute and visitors are particularly 
 required to inform the Secretary of the Institute, as early as possible, 
 if it is their intention to be present at the Meeting, and by what members 
 of their families, if any, they will be accompanied. 
 
 By Order of the Council, 
 
 Hellier Gosselin, Secretary. 
 
 Oxford Mansion, 
 
 Oxford Street, London, W. 
 
StopI lacjmcrlngital Institute. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885 . 
 
 Proceedings—Tuesday, July 28 th. 
 
 At 12.0 noon, tlie Mayor and Corporation will receive the 
 Members of the Institute at an Inaugural Meeting in the Art 
 Gallery, Free Library, and will present an address to the 
 President of the Institute. 
 
 Inaugural Address by the President of the Meeting. 
 
 Reception by the Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural 
 History Society, and Presentation of Address. 
 
 Adjournment for Luncheon. 
 
 At 2 p.m., the Members of the Meeting will assemble at and 
 inspect St. Peter’s Church, and will then proceed to All 
 Saints’ Church, under the direction of Mr. W. H. St John Hope. 
 
 At 3.15 p.m., carriages will be in readiness in St. Mary’s 
 Gate to convey the Members to Kedleston. The Hall and 
 Church will be inspect d. Lord Scarsdale has kindly invited 
 the party to take tea. 
 
 At 5.45 p.m., the party will leave for Derby. 
 
 Table d'hote at 7 p.m. 
 
 Price of Carriage Ticket, 1/6. 
 
 At 8 p.m., the Rev. Dr. Cox will open the Antiquarian 
 Section, in the Art Gallery, Free Library ; and the Right. Hon. 
 A. J. B. Beresford Hope will open the Architectural Section, also 
 in the Art Gallery, Free Library. 
 
 1 
 
^rcjmlugiral Institute. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885 . 
 
 Proceedings—-Wednesday, July 29th. 
 
 At 9.45 a.m., the Members of the Meeting will assemble in 
 the Strand, and drive to Norbury 3 inspect the Manor House and 
 Church, under the direction of the Rev. Dr. Cox. Drive to Ash- 
 burne. Luncheon. After which, the Church will be inspected, 
 and the Rev. F. Jourdain will give a brief description of the same. 
 
 Leave at 3.15 p.m. for Longford. Visit Church, and drive 
 back to Derby. 
 
 The Baron de Cosson will make some remarks on the fine 
 series of Military Effigies at Norbury, Ashburne, and Longford. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 2 / 6 . 
 
 Carriage Ticket, 3 / 6 . 
 
 Table d’hote at 7 p.m. 
 
 At 8 p.111., the Very Rev. the Deau of Lichfield will open 
 the Historical Section in the Art Gallery, Free Library. 
 
 Sectional Meetings in the Free Library. 
 
§lonal llrtjmloginil Institute. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885 . 
 
 Proceedings—Thursday, July 80 th. 
 
 At 8.50 a.m., a special train will leave Derby for Chester¬ 
 field. Breaks will be in readiness at Chesterfield Station to 
 convey the party to Hardwick. By kind permission of the 
 Marquess of Ilartington, the party will be allowed to visit the 
 Hall. Luncheon. At 2 p.m., the party will drive to Winfield, 
 and visit the Manor House under the direction of the Rev. Dr. 
 Cox; returning from Winfield Station at 6 p.m. for Derby. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 8/6. 
 
 Railway Fare, 4 /-. 
 
 Carriage Ticket, 4 /-. 
 
 Table d’hote at 7 p.m. 
 
 At 8.80 p.m., the President and Members of the R. A. I. 
 will give a Conversazione in the Free Library and Museum. 
 During the evening, a Paper by Messrs. W. H. St. John Hope 
 and T. M. Fallow will be read on “ Medieval Chalices and 
 Patens.” 
 
 3 
 
I^crpl ^rtjmolagixal Jirslititle, 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885 . 
 
 Proceedings— Friday, July 31st. 
 
 At 8.50 a.m., a special Train will leave Derby for Bakewell. 
 
 Tlie Members of the Meeting will chive to the Church. 
 
 At 10.30 a.m., the party will resume the carriages and drive to 
 Haddon Hall. By the permission of the Duke of Rutland, the 
 Members and their friends will be allowed to lunch in the Hall. 
 
 At 1.15 p.m., the party will leave Haddon for Arbor Low, 
 which will be described by the Rev. Dr. Cox. Youlgreave Church 
 will be visited on the way back to Rowsley Station, whence a 
 special Train at 6.25 will convey the party to Derby. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 3 / 6 . 
 
 Railway Fare, 4 / 2 . 
 
 Carriage Ticket, 3 / 6 . 
 
 Table d’hote at 7.30 p.m. 
 
 At 8.30 p.m., Sectional Meetings. 
 
 4 
 
JStopI ^rt|) lingual ftrstrto. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885 . 
 
 Proceedings—Saturday, August 1st. 
 
 At 10 a.m., the Members of tlie Meeting -will assemble in 
 the Strand, and drive to Sawley Church, which will be described 
 by Mr. W. H. St. John Hope. Drive to Dale; calling at 
 Sandiacre Church if time permits. Luncheon. View Dale 
 Abbey and Church under the direction of Mr. W. H. St. John 
 Hope. 
 
 Drive to Morley Church. The Rev. Dr. Cox will describe 
 the same. The Rev. C. J. Boden has invited the party to tea at 
 Morley. 
 
 Drive to Breadsall Church. Mr. F. Walker Cox has invited 
 the party to tea at Priory Flatte. 
 
 Drive back to Derby. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 8/-. 
 
 Carriage Ticket, 3 /-. 
 
 Table d’hote at 7 . 30 . 
 
 No Sectional Meetings. 
 
 5 
 
gjicrpl ^rtjmlogital Institute. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885. 
 
 Proceedings—Sunday, August 2nd. 
 
 Tlie Mayor and Corporation of Derby will meet at the 
 Town Hall at 10.30 a.m., and will attend Divine Service in 
 All Saints’ Church at 10.45. The sermon will be preached 
 by the Rev. G. F. Browne, B.D., Fellow of Catherine College, 
 Cambridge. The Mayor will be gratified by the support of any 
 gentlemen who will accompany him. 
 
 6 
 
§kpl lUtlpakgixal Institute* 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885. 
 
 Proceedings—Monday, August 3rd. 
 
 The Members of the Meeting will leave the Strand at 
 9.45 a.m., and drive to Repton. Visit the Church and Priory, 
 which will be respectively described by the Rev. Dr. Cox and 
 Mr. W. H. St. John Hope. Lunch at the Boot Hotel. Drive 
 to Breedon. Priory and Earthworks. Mr. W. H. St. John Hope 
 will make some remarks on the same. Drive to Melbourne 
 Church, which will be inspected under the direction of the 
 Rev. J. R. Boyle. Melbourne Hall and Grounds will be thrown 
 open to the Institute by Mr. W. D. Pane, who has kindly 
 invited the Members and their friends to tea. Drive back to 
 Derby, over Swarkeston Bridge, at 5.30 p.m. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 2/6. 
 
 Carriage Ticket, 3/-. 
 
 Table d’hote at 7 o’clock. 
 
 Sectional Meetings at 8 p.m. 
 
 7 
 
I^crpl ^tdmalogtcal Institute. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885. 
 
 Proceedings—Tuesday, August 4th. 
 
 At 8.30 a.m., a special train will leave Derby for Chapel-en- 
 le-Fritb. The party will drive at once to Castleton. Visit Peak 
 Castle, which will be described by Mr. W. II. St. John Hope. 
 Luncheon at the Bull’s Head Hotel, after which the party will 
 drive to Tideswell, where the Church will be inspected under 
 the direction of the Vicar, Rev. S. Andrew. Drive to Miller’s 
 Dale Station, and return at 6.8 p.m. to Derby. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 2/6. 
 
 Railway Fare, 6/7. 
 
 Carriage Ticket, 5/6. 
 
 Table d'hote at 7.30. 
 
 General Concluding Meeting at 8.80. 
 
 8 
 
|Ut{) geological Institute. 
 
 DERBY MEETING, 1885. 
 
 Proceedings—Wednesday, August 5th. 
 
 At 9.18 a.m., a train will leave Derby, and arrive at Hassop 
 at 10.34 a.m. Drive to Padley Cliapel. Drive to the Carls Wark. 
 Drive to Hathersage. Luncheon at the George Hotel. Visit 
 Ilatliersage Church and Earthwork. By the kind permission of 
 Mr. Cammell the party will visit the Old Manor House at North 
 Lees, returning to Brookfield, where Mr. and Mrs. Cammell will 
 entertain the visitors at tea. Drive hack to Bakewell Station. 
 By rail at 6.23 p.m. for Derby. 
 
 Luncheon Ticket, 2/6. 
 Railway Fare, 4/4. 
 Carriage Ticket, 5/6. 
 
 9 
 
DERBY MEETING, 1885. 
 
 PAPERS 
 
 TO BE READ AT THE 
 
 SECTIONAL MEETINGS, 
 
 IN THE 
 
 F HI LIBR A R Y . 
 
 TUESDAY, JULY 28th. ANTIQUARIAN SECTION. 
 At 8 p m., tlie Rev. J. C. Cox, LL.D., will open the Anti¬ 
 quarian Section, to be followed by a Paper on “Roman 
 Nottingham,” by Mr. W. T. Watkin. 
 
 ARCHITECTURAL SECTION. At 9 p.m., the Right 
 Hon. A. -J. B. Beresford Hope will open the Architectural 
 Section. 
 
 WEDNESDAY, JULY 29th. HISTORICAL SECTION. 
 At 8 p.m., the very Rev. the Dean of Lichfield will open 
 the Historical Section. Professor E. C. Clarke will follow 
 with a Paper on “ The Roman and Greek Inscriptions of 
 England.” 
 
 ARCHITECTURAL SECTION. The Rev. R. C. Man¬ 
 ning will read a Paper on “ Lockers for the Processional 
 Cross,” at 9 p.m. 
 
 THURSDAY, JULY 80th. ANTIQUARIAN SECTION. 
 During the Conversazione given by the Royal Archaeological 
 Institute, a Paper by Messrs. W. H. St. John Hope and T. 
 M. Fallow will be read on “ Medieval Chalices and Patens.” 
 
 10 
 
FRIDAY, JULY 31st. ANTIQUARIAN SECTION. 
 Tlie Rev. G. F. Browne will read a Paper on “ The 
 Sculptured Stones of Derbyshire,” at 8 p.m. 
 
 HISTORICAL SECTION. The Rev. Joseph Hirst will 
 read a Paper on “ The Present Prospects of Archaeology 
 at Athens,” at 8 p.m .; to he followed by a Paper on the 
 “House of Cavendish,” by H. S. Skipton. 
 
 MONDAY, AUGUST 3rd. ANTIQUARIAN SECTION. 
 The Baron de Cosson will read a Paper on “ The Military 
 Effigies in Derbyshire,” at 8 p.m. 
 
 HISTORICAL SECTION. Mr. Theodore Bent will read a 
 Paper on “ The Survival of Mythology in the Greek Islands,” 
 at 8.30 p.m. 
 
 ARCHITECTURAL SECTION. The Rev. J. R. Boyle 
 will read a Paper on “ Melbourne Church,” at 9 p.m. 
 
 11 
 
LIST OF PAPERS WHICH WILL BE READ 
 AT THE SECTIONAL MEETINGS. 
 
 ANTIQUARIAN SECTION. 
 
 1. —“Opening Address,” by the Eev. J. C. Cox, LL.D., on 
 Tuesday, July 28th, at 8 p.m. 
 
 2. — “Roman Nottingham,” by Mr. W. T. Watkin, on Tues¬ 
 day, July 28th, at 8.30 p.m. 
 
 3. —“ Medieval Chalices and Patens,” by Mr. W. H. St. 
 John Hope and Mr. T. M. Fallow, on Thursday, July 30fcli, 
 at 9 p.m. 
 
 4-—“ The Sculptured Stones of Derbyshire,” by the Rev. 
 G. F. Browne, on Friday, July 31st, at 8 p.m. 
 
 5.—“ Military Effigies in Derbyshire,” by the Baron de 
 Cosson, on Monday, August 3rd, at 8 p in. 
 
 HISTORICAL SECTION. 
 
 1. —“ Opening Address,” by the Very Rev. the Dean of 
 Lichfield, on Wednesday, July 29th, at 8 p.m. 
 
 2. —“ The Roman and Greek Inscriptions of England,” 
 by Professor E. C. Clarke, on Wednesday, July 29tli, at 8.30 p.m. 
 
 3. —“ The Present Prospects of Archaeology at 
 Athens,” by the Rev. Joseph Hirst, on Friday, July 31st, 
 at 8 p.m. 
 
 4. — “House of Cavendish,” by Mr. H. S. Skipton, on 
 Friday, July 31st, at 9 p.m. 
 
 5-—“ The Survival of Mythology in the Greek Islands,” 
 by Mr. Theodore Bent, on Monday, August 3rd, at 8.30 p.m. 
 
 12 
 
ARCHITECTURAL SECTION. 
 
 1. —“Opening Address,” by tlie Right Hon. A. J. B. 
 Beresford Hope, on Tuesday, July 28tli, at 9 p.m. 
 
 2. —“ Lockers for the Processional Cross,” by the Rev. 
 C. R. Manning, on Wednesday, July 29th, at 9 p.m. 
 
 3. —“ Melbourne Church,” by the Rev. J. R. Boyle, on 
 Monday, August 3rd, at 8.30 p.m. 
 
 13